gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Charged microcapsules for controlled release of hydrophobic actives. Part III: the effect of polyelectrolyte brush- and multilayers on sustained release (2013)

Poly(methyl methacrylate) microspheres have been prepared by the internal phase separation method using either of the three conventional dispersants poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA), or the amphiphilic block copolymer poly(methyl methacrylate)-block-poly(sodium methacrylate). The block copolymer based microsphere, which has a polyelectrolyte brush on the surface, was surface modified with up to two poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride)-poly(sodium methacrylate) bilayers. The microspheres were loaded with the hydrophobic dye 2-(4-(2-chloro-4-nitrophenylazo)-N-ethylphenylamino)ethanol (Disperse Red 13) and its release from aqueous dispersions of microspheres with the different surface compositions was measured by spectrophotometry. The burst fraction, burst rate and the diffusion constant were determined from a model combining burst and diffusive release. Out of the three dispersants, the block copolymer gave the slowest release of the dye, with respect to both burst release and diffusive release. A very pronounced further reduction of the diffusion constant was obtained by applying polyelectrolyte multilayers on top of the microspheres. However, the diffusion constant was very weakly dependent on further polyelectrolyte adsorption and one polyelectrolyte bilayer appeared to suffice.
Hypergrowth mTORC1 Signals Translationally Activate the ARF Tumor Suppressor Checkpoint (2011)

The ARF tumor suppressor is a potent sensor of hyperproliferative cues emanating from oncogenic signaling. ARF responds to these cues by eliciting a cell cycle arrest, effectively abating the tumorigenic potential of these stimuli. Prior reports have demonstrated that oncogenic Ras(V12) signaling induces ARF through a mechanism mediated by the Dmp1 transcription factor. However, we now show that ARF protein is still induced in response to Ras(V12) in the absence of Dmp1 through the enhanced translation of existing Arf mRNAs. Here, we report that the progrowth Ras/tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC)/mTORC1 signaling pathway regulates ARF protein expression and triggers ARF-mediated tumor suppression through a novel translational mechanism. Hyperactivation of mTORC1 through Tsc1 loss resulted in a significant increase in ARF expression, activation of the p53 pathway, and a dramatic cell cycle arrest, which were completely reversed upon Arf deletion. ARF protein induced from Ras(V12) in the absence of Dmp1 repressed anchorage-independent colony formation in soft agar and tumor burden in an allograft model. Taken together, our data demonstrate the ability of the ARF tumor suppressor to respond to hypergrowth stimuli to prevent unwarranted tumor formation.
Dielectric response analysis of real insulation systems (2004)

Real insulation systems are often heterogeneous and sometimes non-linear. In this paper we discuss the application of dielectric frequency response methods to a number of such practically important systems. Important examples of composite insulation systems are the oil/cellulose insulation of power transformers and the glass-mica-epoxy system of machine insulation. A few examples of non-linear effects and their implication for dielectric response analysis are discussed. These include narrow liquid ducts in transformer insulation, exhibiting a voltage dependent conductivity, polymer cables with water trees exhibiting non-linear behaviour that is the basis for diagnosis. The relation between partial discharges and dielectric response is elucidated and finally the special problems of measuring non-linear field grading material is discussed.
A LIBERDADE NÃO TIRA FÉRIAS: BRINCAR LIVRE, LUDICIDADE E EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL (2021)

Este trabalho debate o brincar livre como um caminho didático a alicerçar a relação entre adultos de referência e crianças, a partir da concepção de uma criança potente e capaz de construir saberes de forma autônoma e independente. A pesquisa relatada tem cunho etnográfico (ANDRÉ, 1995) e os dados para análise foram coletados através de observações, filmagem e diário de campo até a produção de uma análise microgenética realizada dentro do espaço físico escolar. Busca-se desmistificar a polaridade entre atividade lúdica e sistemática fazendo-nos olhar para os processos de integração das culturas lúdica, infantil e educativa. Do mesmo modo, pressupõe-se que os elementos que distinguem as atividades lúdicas das sistematizadas podem ser revelados através do grau de iniciativa e protagonismo das crianças ao realizá-las. Entende-se que o brincar parece mais livre que uma atividade sistemática, por possuir polissemia aberta. Curiosamente, a análise de algumas situações gravadas mostrou-nos que, quando é resguardada à criança a liberdade de escolher o processo de realização dessas atividades, a atividade sistemática também oferece abertura polissêmica tanto quanto as atividades lúdicas.
Returns from Investing in Equity Mutual Funds 1971 to 1991 (1995)

ABSTRACT Several recent studies suggest that equity mutual fund managers achieve superior returns and that considerable persistence in performance exists. This study utilizes a unique data set including returns from all equity mutual funds existing each year. These data enable us more precisely to examine performance and the extent of survivorship bias. In the aggregate, funds have underperformed benchmark portfolios both after management expenses and even gross of expenses. Survivorship bias appears to be more important than other studies have estimated. Moreover, while considerable performance persistence existed during the 1970s, there was no consistency in fund returns during the 1980s.
Preparation of Biomolecule Microstructures and Microarrays by Thiol–ene Photoimmobilization (2009)

A mild, fast and flexible method for photoimmobilization of biomolecules based on the light-initiated thiol-ene reaction has been developed. After investigation and optimization of various surface materials, surface chemistries and reaction parameters, microstructures and microarrays of biotin, oligonucleotides, peptides, and MUC1 tandem repeat glycopeptides were prepared with this photoimmobilization method. Furthermore, MUC1 tandem repeat glycopeptide microarrays were successfully used to probe antibodies in mouse serum obtained from vaccinated mice. Dimensions of biomolecule microstructures were shown to be freely controllable through photolithographic techniques, and features down to 5 microm in size covering an area of up to 75x25 mm were created. Use of a confocal laser microscope with a UV laser as UV-light source enabled further reduction of biotin feature size opening access to nanostructured biochips.
Clustering of Farsi sub-word images for whole-book recognition (2015)

Redundancy of word and sub-word occurrences in large documents can be effectively utilized in an OCR system to improve recognition results. Most OCR systems employ language modeling techniques as a post-processing step; however these techniques do not use important pictorial information that exist in the text image. In case of large-scale recognition of degraded documents, this information is even more valuable. In our previous work, we proposed a subword image clustering method for the applications dealing with large printed documents. In our clustering method, the ideal case is when all equivalent sub-word images lie in one cluster. To overcome the issues of low print quality, the clustering method uses an image matching algorithm for measuring the distance between two sub-word images. The measured distance with a set of simple shape features were used to cluster all sub-word images. In this paper, we analyze the effects of adding more shape features on processing time, purity of clustering, and the final recognition rate. Previously published experiments have shown the efficiency of our method on a book. Here we present extended experimental results and evaluate our method on another book with totally different font face. Also we show that the number of the new created clusters in a page can be used as a criteria for assessing the quality of print and evaluating preprocessing phases.
Multispectral imagery band sharpening study (1996)

The fusion of multisensor and multiresolution satellite imagery is an means of exploiting the complimentary nature of various image types. With band sharpening (a type of imagery fusion), higher spatial resolution panchromatic data is fused with lower resolution multispectral imagery (MSI). This fusion creates a product with the spectral characteristics of the MSI and a spatial resolution approaching that of the panchromatic image (effective ground-sample distance, or GSD). Others have fused 10-m SPOT panchromatic with 20-m SPOT MSI or 30-m Landsat TM (sharpening factors of 2:l and 3:1). In this study, MSI of 10 m to 30 m was sharpened with 5- to 15-m imagery (sharpening factors of 2:1 to 6:l) using four algorithms. The research goals were to (1) determine the validity of the concept of effective GSD; (2) determine the relative utility of band sharpening by different factors; and (3) compare the relative effectiveness of different band sharpening algorithms.
Slow dielectric relaxation of cis-polyisoprene in a polybutadiene matrix. 1. Experimental results on the matrix effect (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSlow dielectric relaxation of cis-polyisoprene in a polybutadiene matrix. 1. Experimental results on the matrix effectHiroshi Watanabe, Manabu Yamazaki, Hirotsugu Yoshida, Keiichiro Adachi, and Tadao KotakaCite this: Macromolecules 1991, 24, 19, 5365–5371Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00019a025https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00019a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views115Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Image-guided robotics for autonomous venipuncture (2016)

Performed over 1.5 billion times each year, venipuncture is the most ubiquitous clinical intervention and leading cause of medical injury in the United States. This dissertation describes the development of a medical device aimed at minimizing venipuncture-related adverse events by drawing blood and placing peripheral vascular catheters in an automated manner. The device may be particularly suited to challenging populations, including pediatric, geriatric, chronically-ill, and obese patients, for whom the rates of success depend heavily on practitioner skill. The device combines 3D near-infrared and ultrasound imaging, computer vision software, and a miniaturized dexterous robot that inserts the needle based on real-time image guidance. Methods to robustly segment, localize, and track the pose of the vessels are presented, and robotic prototypes capable of autonomously aligning and servoing the needle under real-time image guidance are introduced. In imaging studies on human volunteers spanning a broad range of demographic characteristics, the device was able to detect a majority of forearm veins that remained invisible to clinical visual assessment. In cannulation studies on in vitro and in vivo models, the device demonstrated significant improvements in first-stick accuracy and completion time compared to unassisted and image-guided manual venipuncture techniques. The results of these studies may be used to inform future clinical trials evaluating device feasibility in normal and difficult patient groups. Once translated, the device may be targeted to high-volume laboratory testing facilities and hospitals, and the underlying technologies may be extended to other diagnostic and interventional procedures, including automated point-of-care blood analysis, in-clinic and at-home hemodialysis venipuncture, peripherally-inserted central catheter placement, and emergency or military use.
Fabrication and opto-electrical properties of amorphous (Zn,B)O thin film by pulsed laser deposition (2015)

Growth of amorphous ZnO by B doping and their opto-electrical properties are reported. The B-doped ZnO (ZnO:B) films were grown by pulsed laser deposition using polycrystalline ZnO:B ceramic targets. Although the solubility limit of B in bulk ZnO polycrystal was ~4%, 18%-doped ZnO:B showed the shrinkage in the c-axis length. Preferentially (002)-oriented polycrystalline ZnO:B films were grown for the B concentration [B] ≤ 18%; while, amorphous ZnO:B films were obtained for [B] ~26%. It was found that the density of the amorphous ZnO:B film was smaller by 9% than that of crystalline ZnO (5.61 g·cm−3), which is explained mainly by the incorporation of the light B atoms. The optical bandgap of the ZnO:B films increased with [B] and that of the amorphous ZnO:B film was ~3.38 eV. The amorphous ZnO:B films have low free electron density of ~1015 cm−3, suggesting the existence of electron traps. Hall mobility of the amorphous ZnO:B [~1 cm2(V·s)−1] was smaller than those of the polycrystalline ZnO:B films.
The reaction of 7-chloronorbornadiene with thallium cyclopentadienide. A convenient one-step synthesis of hexahydro-3,4,7-methenocyclopenta[a]pentalene (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe reaction of 7-chloronorbornadiene with thallium cyclopentadienide. A convenient one-step synthesis of hexahydro-3,4,7-methenocyclopenta[a]pentaleneMerle A. Battiste and John F. TimberlakeCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1977, 42, 1, 176–177Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00421a043https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00421a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views81Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Association of Erythropoietin-Stimulating Agent Responsiveness with Mortality in Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis Patients (2015)

Erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA) responsiveness has been reported to be associated with increased mortality in hemodialysis (HD) patients. ESA requirement to obtain the same hemoglobin (Hb) level is different between HD and peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. In this study, we investigated the impact of ESA responsiveness on mortality between both HD and PD patients. Prevalent HD and PD patients were selected from the Clinical Research Center registry for end-stage renal disease, a prospective cohort study in Korea. ESA responsiveness was estimated using an erythropoietin resistant index (ERI) (U/kg/week/g/dL). Patients were divided into three groups by tertiles of ERI. ESA responsiveness was also assessed based on a combination of ESA dosage and hemoglobin (Hb) levels. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. A total of 1,594 HD and 876 PD patients were included. The median ESA dose and ERI were lower in PD patients compared with HD patients (ESA dose: 4000 U/week vs 6000 U/week, respectively. P<0.001, ERI: 7.0 vs 10.4 U/kg/week/g/dl, respectively. P<0.001). The median follow-up period was 40 months. In HD patients, the highest ERI tertile was significantly associated with higher risk for all-cause mortality (HR 1.96, 95% CI, 1.07 to 3.59, P = 0.029). HD patients with high-dose ESA and low Hb levels (ESA hypo-responsiveness) had a significantly higher risk of all-cause mortality (HR 2.24, 95% CI, 1.16 to 4.31, P = 0.016). In PD patients, there was no significant difference in all-cause mortality among the ERI groups (P = 0.247, log-rank test). ESA hypo-responsiveness was not associated with all-cause mortality (HR = 1.75, 95% CI, 0.58 to 5.28, P = 0.319). Our data showed that ESA hypo-responsiveness was associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality in HD patients. However, in PD patients, ESA hypo-responsiveness was not related to all-cause mortality. These finding suggest the different prognostic value of ESA responsiveness between HD and PD patients.
Effect of phylloquinone supplementation on biochemical markers of vitamin K status and bone turnover in postmenopausal women (2007)

While current intakes of phylloquinone (vitamin K1) in many populations are believed to be sufficient to maintain normal blood coagulation, these may be insufficient to cover the requirements for optimal bone metabolism. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of increasing phylloquinone intakes above the usual dietary intake for 6 weeks on biochemical markers of vitamin K status and bone turnover in postmenopausal women. Thirty-one postmenopausal women completed this 3 x 6-week randomised cross-over study, in which volunteers were supplemented with 0 (placebo), 200, and 500 microg phylloquinone/d. In addition, the volunteers were given 10 microg vitamin D3/d throughout the study period. With increasing phylloquinone intake, the concentration of serum gamma-carboxylated and under-gamma-carboxylated osteocalcin was significantly increased and decreased, respectively, in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.001). Mean serum phylloquinone concentration was significantly (P < 0.001) higher with daily supplementation with 500 microg phylloquinone/d compared with that during either of the placebo or 200 microg phylloquinone/d supplementation periods, which did not differ (P = 0.15). Serum total osteocalcin was significantly (P < 0.001) increased in response to daily supplementation with 500 (but not 200) microg phylloquinone compared with placebo. Serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase as well as the urinary markers of bone resorption (N-telopeptide cross-links of collagen, pyridinoline and deoxypyridinoline) and urinary gamma-carboxyglutamate were unaffected by phylloquinone supplementation. In conclusion, while daily supplementation with 200 and 500 microg phylloquinone/d for 6 weeks increased vitamin K status in postmenopausal women, it had no effect on bone turnover.
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) for type 2 diabetes mellitus (2008)

Omega-3 PUFA supplementation in type 2 diabetes lowers triglycerides and VLDL cholesterol, but may raise LDL cholesterol (although results were non-significant in subgroups) and has no statistically significant effect on glycemic control or fasting insulin. Trials with vascular events or mortality defined endpoints are needed.
A Distributed Algorithm for Finding All Best Swap Edges of a Minimum-Diameter Spanning Tree (2009)

Communication in networks suffers if a link fails. When the links are edges of a tree that has been chosen from an underlying graph of all possible links, a broken link even disconnects the network. Most often, the link is restored rapidly. A good policy to deal with this sort of transient link failures is swap rerouting, where the temporarily broken link is replaced by a single swap link from the underlying graph. A rapid replacement of a broken link by a swap link is only possible if all swap links have been precomputed. The selection of high-quality swap links is essential; it must follow the same objective as the originally chosen communication subnetwork. We are interested in a minimum-diameter tree in a graph with edge weights (so as to minimize the maximum travel time of messages). Hence, each swap link must minimize (among all possible swaps) the diameter of the tree that results from swapping. We propose a distributed algorithm that efficiently computes all of these swap links, and we explain how to route messages across swap edges with a compact routing scheme. Finally, we consider the computation of swap edges in an arbitrary spanning tree, where swap edges are chosen to minimize the time required to adapt routing in case of a failure, and give efficient distributed algorithms for two variants of this problem.
Emittance Measurement from the Proton Testbeam at KAHVELab (2022)

A testbeam using a Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) operating at 800 MHz, to accelerate a 1.5mA proton beam to 2MeV energy has been designed, manufactured and is currently being commissioned at KAHVELab, Istanbul. The beam from the microwave discharge ion source (IS) must be matched to the RFQ via an optimized Low Energy Beam Transport (LEBT) line. The LEBT line consists of two solenoid magnets, two stereer magnets and a beam diagnostics station named MBOX. All the beamline components are locally designed, simulated, manufactured and tested with local resources. The MBOX should be able to measure the beam current and profile, as well as the beam emittance, to ensure an accurate match between IS and RFQ. It includes a number of diagnostic tools: a Faraday Cup, a scintillator screen, and a pepper pot plate (PP). An analysis software is developed and tested for the PP photo analysis. This contribution will present the proton beamline components and will focus on the MBOX measurements, especially on the PP emittance analysis.
Depression was associated with younger age, female sex, obesity, smoking, and physical inactivity, in 1027 patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: a Swedish multicentre cross-sectional study (2022)

In patients with newly diagnosed T2D, the younger women had the highest prevalence of depression, anxiety, and obesity. The prevalence of depression in young women and antidepressant use in all patients were higher than in the Swedish general population. Three risk factors for CVD, obesity, smoking, and physical inactivity, were associated with depression.