gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Differential Expression of Shh and BMP Signaling in the Potential Conversion of Human Adipose Tissue Stem Cells Into Neuron-Like Cells In Vitro (2010)

The nervous system (NS) has a limited self-repair capability and adult neurogenesis is limited to certain regions of the brain. This generates a great interest in using stem cells to repair the NS. Previous reports have shown the differentiation of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) in neuron-like cells when cultures are enriched with growth factors participating in embryonic and adult neurogenesis. Therefore, it could be thought that there exists a functional parallelism between neurogenesis and neuronal differentiation of ASCs. For this reason, the goal of this work was to study the differential gene expression of Shh and BMP genetic pathways involved in cell fate determination and proliferation. In this study we demonstrated that hASCs are endowed with active Hedgehog and BMP signaling pathways through the expression of genes of both cascades and that their expressions are downregulated after neuronal induction. This idea is in accordance with the facts that Shh and BMP signaling is involved in the maintenance of cells with stem cells properties and that proliferation decreases during the process of differentiation. Furthermore, Noggin expression was detected in induced hASCs whereas there was no expression in noninduced cells, which indicates that these cells are probably adopting a neuronal fate because noggin diverts neural stem cells from glial to neuronal fate. We also detected FM1-43 and synaptophisin staining, which is evidence of the presence of putative functional presynaptic terminals, a neuron-specific property. These results could partially contribute to the elucidation of the molecular mechanisms involved in neuronal differentiation of adult human nonneural tissues.
Diglycolamide-functionalized task specific ionic liquids for nuclear waste remediation: extraction, luminescence, theoretical and EPR investigations (2014)

A 3.6 × 10−2 M solution of a diglycolamide-functionalized task specific ionic liquid (DGA-TSIL) in [C4mim][NTf2] was used for the extraction of actinides (mainly Am) and other elements present in high level nuclear waste. The extraction of Eu3+ was relatively higher than that of Am3+ conforming to the mechanism displayed by other diglycolamide extractants such as TODGA (tetraoctyl diglycolamide). The distribution ratio values decreased in the presence of simulated high level waste (SHLW) as compared to those obtained with pure tracers. The nature of the extracted species was established by the slope analysis method which suggested 1 : 2 species for the extraction of Am3+ and Eu3+. Calculation of the Judd–Ofelt parameters from the luminescence data of the Eu3+ complexes indicated that the structure of the extracted complexes exhibits S4 symmetry. Theoretical calculations showed virtually no difference between the structures of the complexes of Am3+ and Eu3+. The nature of the radiolytic degradation products was analyzed by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopic measurements revealing the presence of alkyl imidazolium and methyl radicals.
Early Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer (1983)

Screening of asymptomatic patients at risk is potentially the most effective means for detecting early colorectal carcinoma. Sensitive and specific tests are available for this purpose. However, an aggressive approach by the physician and compliance by the patient population are necessary for the proper implementation of this screening process.
Cavitation Influence on von Kármán Vortex Shedding and Induced Hydrofoil Vibrations (2007)

The present study deals with the shedding process of the von Kármán vortices at the trailing edge of a 2D hydrofoil at high Reynolds number Reh=25×103–65×103. This research focuses mainly on the effects of cavitation and fluid-structure interaction on the mechanism of the vortex generation. The vortex shedding frequency, derived from the flow-induced vibration measurement, is found to follow the Strouhal law provided that no hydrofoil resonance frequencies are excited, i.e., lock-off. For such a regime, the von Kármán vortices exhibit strong spanwise 3D instabilities and the cavitation inception index is linearly dependent on the square root of the Reynolds number. In the case of resonance, the vortex shedding frequency is locked onto the hydrofoil eigenfrequency and the spatial coherence is enhanced with a quasi-2D shape. The measurements of the hydrofoil wall velocity amplitude and phase reveal the first torsion eigenmotion. In this case, the cavitation inception index is found to be significantly increased compared to lock-off conditions. It makes clear that the vortex roll-up is amplified by the phase locked vibrations of the trailing edge. For the cavitation inception index, a new correlation relationship that encompasses the entire range of Reynolds numbers, including both the lock-off and the lock-in cases, is proposed and validated. In contrast to the earlier models, the new correlation takes into account the trailing edge displacement velocity. In addition, it is found that the transverse velocity of the trailing edge increases the vortex strength linearly. This effect is important in the context of the fluid-structure interaction, since it implies that the velocity of the hydrofoil trailing edge increases the fluctuating forces on the body. It is also demonstrated that cavitation developing in the vortex street cannot be considered as a passive agent for the turbulent wake flow. In fact, for fully developed cavitation, the vortex shedding frequency increases up to 15%, which is accompanied by the increase of the vortex advection velocity and reduction of the streamwise vortex spacing. In addition, a significant increase of the vortex-induced vibration level is found at cavitation onset. These effects are addressed and thought to be a result of the increase of the vorticity by cavitation.
Evaluation of delay variation in asynchronous circuits based on the scalable-delay-insensitive model (2004)

Delay model has a great impact on asynchronous circuits. The scalable-delay-insensitive (SDI) model is based on the variation factor K that represents the degree of variation in an approximately scalable delay distribution. If the scaling variation is expected to be large, larger K value is used in the SDI model based synthesis and layout. K value is decided by the technology and the operating environment. We show some evaluation results for the scaling ratio of circuit components and scaling variation between any two components in the circuit using SPICE simulation. Then we present how to decide K value and show some evaluation results of the variation factor K for different technologies. Finally, as a case study we show how to design a delay line for the SDI model based bundled-data circuits.
A First Approach to Test Case Generation for BPEL Compositions of Web Services Using Scatter Search (2009)

A challenging part of Software Testing entails the generation of test cases, which cost can be reduced by means of the use of techniques for automating this task. In this paper we present an approach based on the metaheuristic technique Scatter Search for the automatic test case generation of the BPEL business process. A transition coverage criterion is used as adequacy criterion.
DAMAGE ESTIMATION OF A SUPER HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDING DURING THE 2011 OFF THE PACIFIC COAST OF TOHOKU EARTHQUAKE AND ITS RESIDUAL SEISMIC PERFORMANCE (2014)

During the 2011 off the Pacific Coast of Tohoku earthquake, most super high-rise RC buildings constructed in the metropolitan area had suffered severe shaking, leading to variation of dynamic properties due to structural damages. This study describes the damage estimation of the super high-rise RC building during the main shock using the 3D frame model. Their varying dynamic characteristics are discussed based on the system identification method. The dynamic properties during aftershocks are also investigated in view of the residual seismic performance after experiencing moderate-level structural damages.
9q31.2-rs865686 as a Susceptibility Locus for Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer: Evidence from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (2012)

The findings further support the view that genetic susceptibility varies according to tumor subtype.
Onderzoekers KU Leuven ontwikkelen extra sterke en veiligere fietshelm - Het Nieuwsblad (2016)

status: Published
Characterization of long term channel variations in industrial wireless sensor networks (2014)

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are being increasingly used for monitoring and control in modern process industries, which until a few years ago were almost exclusively done by cables. In order to successfully integrate WSNs in process industries, proper understanding of the radio channel characteristics is necessary. Predominantly, in control applications, the sensors are static, and variations in the channel are caused by the objects in the region, which move to different locations every now and then. Hence, over a period of several hours, the radio channel will have completely different properties, which will have a significant impact on network performance. In this paper, we conduct and analyze channel measurements in a fully functional factory over a much longer time horizon of 20 hours, which, to the best of our knowledge, have not been undertaken before. A key observation from our analysis is that the radio channel, over a longer time scale, shows a more complicated behavior than over a relatively shorter time period. We also show that if the long-term channel variations are not effectively characterized, then we run the risk of transmitting at a rate, as low as, 94% less than what the channel could actually support.
A 1.2V-5V High Efficiency CMOS Charge Pump for Non-Volatile Memories (2007)

A new charge pump circuit is presented: it is based on PMOS pass transistors with dynamic control of the gate and body voltages. By controlling the gate and the bulk of each pass-transistor, the voltage loss due to the device threshold is removed and the charge is pumped from one stage to the other with negligible voltage drop. Compared to conventional charge pumps, it exhibits a larger output voltage and better power efficiency still retaining a simple two-phase clocking scheme. The architecture is based on low-voltage transistors and the voltage drop among the device terminals does not exceed the supply voltage. Measurements performed on a 4-stage charge pump, fabricated exploiting a ST 130nm CMOS process, are provided.
Epinephrine to Reduce Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity in Patients Receiving TAP Blocks (2014)

Lacassie, Hector J. MD; Corvetto, Marcia MD; Altermatt, Fernando MD, MSc Author Information
Perspectives on augmented reality based human-robot interaction with industrial robots (2005)

First steps towards reliable augmented reality based human-robot interaction have been explored by the industrial robot manufacturer KUKA within the German cooperative research project MORPHA. Various aspects of augmented reality were analyzed and evaluated with respect to industrial requirements: interaction devices, tracking methods, accuracy, cost etc. As a result of this study, training of, and qualification for, robot operation and programming was selected as the most promising area for AR-based human-robot interaction with state-of-the-art AR techniques and devices. Therefore, research work concentrated on visualizing workflows that help inexperienced users to cope with rather complex robot operation and programming tasks. Several AR-based human-robot interaction prototypes were developed and presented to KUKA College students. Implementation details and results of initial experiments and a user survey are presented.
Vulnerability Prediction Based on Weighted Software Network for Secure Software Building (2019)

To build a secure communications software, Vulnerability Prediction Models (VPMs) are used to predict vulnerable software modules in the software system before software security testing. At present many software security metrics have been proposed to design a VPM. In this paper, we predict vulnerable classes in a software system by establishing the system's weighted software network. The metrics are obtained from the nodes' attributes in the weighted software network. We design and implement a crawler tool to collect all public security vulnerabilities in Mozilla Firefox. Based on these data, the prediction model is trained and tested. The results show that the VPM based on weighted software network has a good performance in accuracy, precision, and recall. Compared to other studies, it shows that the performance of prediction has been improved greatly in Pr and Re.
Markovnikov-Selective, Activator-Free Iron-Catalyzed Vinylarene Hydroboration (2016)

Two series of structurally related alkoxy-tethered NHC iron(II) complexes have been developed as catalysts for the regioselective hydroboration of alkenes. Significantly, Markonikov-selective alkene hydroboration with HBpin has been controllably achieved using an iron catalyst (11 examples, 35–90% isolated yield) with up to 37:1 branched:linear selectivity. anti-Markovnikov-selective alkene hydroboration was also achieved using HBcat and modification of the ligand backbone (6 examples, 44–71% yields). In both cases, ligand design has enabled activator-free low-oxidation-state iron catalysis.
CIRCULATING MIR-34a AND MIR-130a AS BIOMARKERS OFEXTRAMEDULLARY DISEASE (2014)

MicroRNAs (miRNA), short non-coding regulatory RNAs, are
implicated in deregulation of critical pathways involved in
multiple myeloma (MM) and extramedullary form of MM (EM). EM is
a type of MM defined by the presence of extraskeletal plasma
cells (PCs) infiltrates, either related to bone or present in
soft tissue. EM Circulating miRNAs are highly stable and are
both detectable and quantifiable in a range of accessible bio
fluids, thus have the potential to be useful diagnostic
biomarkers. We have identified a specific serum miRNA profile
in patients with extramedullary disease and correlated it with
clinically important parameters.
Modeling Trajectories with Recurrent Neural Networks (2017)

Modeling trajectory data is a building block for many smart-mobility initiatives. Existing approaches apply shallow models such as Markov chain and inverse reinforcement learning to model trajectories, which cannot capture the long-term dependencies. On the other hand, deep models such as Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) have demonstrated their strength of modeling variable length sequences. However, directly adopting RNN to model trajectories is not appropriate because of the unique topological constraints faced by trajectories. Motivated by these findings, we design two RNN-based models which can make full advantage of the strength of RNN to capture variable length sequence and meanwhile to address the constraints of topological structure on trajectory modeling. Our experimental study based on real taxi trajectory datasets shows that both of our approaches largely outperform the existing approaches.
Within-Word vs. Across-Word Decoding for Online Speech Recognition (2000)

In this paper we describe methods for improving the RWTH German speech recognizer used within the VERBMOBIL project. In particular, we present acceleration methods for the search based on both within-word and across-word phoneme models. The recognizer in the VERBMOBIL project is used in an online environment. We will discuss some incremental methods to reduce the response time of an on-line speech recognizer. We present experimental off-line results for the VERBMOBIL task, a German spontaneous speech corpus, and report on word error rates and real time performance of the search for both within-word and across-word phoneme models. 1. INTRODUCTION The goal of the VERBMOBIL project is to develop a speaker-independent speech-to-speech translation system that performs close to real-time. In this system, speech recognition is followed by subsequent VERBMOBIL modules (like syntactic analysis and translation) which depend on the recognition result. Therefore, in this application it is partic...
THE EFFECT OF AIR FLOW AND ORAL PRESSURE ON THE MECHANICS OF BREATHING IN PATIENTS WITH ASTHMA AND EMPHYSEMA. (1964)

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the difference in airway functional behavior during expiration in two types of obstructive airway disease: diffuse obstructive pulmonary emphysema and bronchial asthma. That there are differences in airway behavior in these diseases is suggested by pathologic observations indicating that the supporting tissue around the airways of the lungs in the patient with emphysema is reduced (1, 2) and that the walls of the airways become thin and more compliant than normal (3, 4). In contrast, the walls of the airways of the lungs in the patient with asthma are thickened, and the lumen is narrowed by edema and by contraction of bronchial smooth muscle (5). Reported studies suggest that in emphysema the increased expiratory resistance is created, at least in part, by the collapse of the compliant airways during expiration (6, 7). The small bronchioles are probably mainly involved (8), but the larger airways also have been shown to collapse (9, 10). In the present study, a simple technique has been employed to differentiate obstructive airway disease secondary to airway collapse from obstructive airway disease secondary to bronchospasm and edema. The effects of varying expiratory air flow and positive pressure within the airways upon vital capacity were measured in normal subjects and in patients with diffuse obstructive pulmonary emphysema or with bronchial asthma. The concept that suggests that vital capacity will change if airway resistance changes is based on (1) many observations in this laboratory that show an increase in vital ca-
Rational Design of a Porous Supramolecular Peptide Framework (SPF): A Crystalline Tetraproline in the Polyproline II Conformation (2021)

Herein, we present the first high resolution single crystal structure of an unfunctionalized tetrameric proline in the poly-proline II conformation. This rationally designed oligoproline tetramer, self-assembles to form a permanently porous crys-talline supramolecular peptide framework (SPF). Thermal activation, guest inclusion and thermally induced release of chemical guests have been demonstrated for this novel system. This discovery provides a conclusive insight into the pre-viously ambiguous conformation of short oligoprolines and will allow for the further development of proline-based pep-tide linkers in the rational design of SPFs and metal-peptide frameworks.
ChemInform Abstract: CARBON‐13 NMR SPECTRA OF THE PRODUCTS OF HYDROBORATION OF 1‐ALKYNES AND OF 1‐HALO‐1‐ALKYNES WITH 9‐BORABICYCLO(3.3.1)NONANE AND WITH DICYCLOHEXYLBORANE. INVESTIGATION OF THE THERMAL DECOMPOSITION OF SOME (1‐HALO‐1‐ALKENYL)DICYCLOHEXYLBORANES (1984)

Abstract Zahlreiche Alkine oder 1‐Halogen‐1‐alkine werden mit Dicyclohexylboran und mit 9‐Borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan in entsprechende Hydroborierungsprodukte wie (I) bis (IV) übergeführt deren NMR‐Daten untersucht werden.
The generative policy approach for dynamic collaboration in coalition environments (2018)

Coalition operations of the future will see an increased use of autonomous vehicles, mules and UAVs in different kinds of contexts. Because of the scalability and dynamicity of operations at the tactical edge, such vehicles along with the supporting infrastructure at base-camps and other forward operating bases would need to support an increased degree of autonomy. In this paper, we look at one specific scenario where a surveillance mission needs to be performed sharing resources borrowed from multiple coalition partners. In such an environment, experts who can define security and other types of policies for devices are hard to find. One way to address this problem is to use generative policies – an approach where the devices generate policies for their operations themselves without requiring human involvement as the configuration of the system changes. We show how access control policies can be created automatically by the different devices involved in the mission, with only high-level guidance provided by humans. The generative policy architecture can enable rapid reconfiguration of security policies needed to address dynamic changes from features such as auto-scaling. It can also support improved security in coalition contexts by enabling the solutions to use approaches like moving target defense. In this paper, we would discuss a general architecture which allows the generative policy approach to be used in many different situations, a simulation implementation of the architecture and lessons learnt from the implementation of the simulation.
Cooperative control of networked robots on a dynamic platform in the presence of communication delays (2016)

Summary This paper presents an analysis of the synchronization and consensus problems of networked manipulators operating on an underactuated dynamic platform in the presence of communication delays. The proposed formulation does not require detailed information about the system model. A theoretical formulation based on input–output maps of functional differential equations shows that the control system's behavior matches closely that of a non‐adaptive reference system. The tracking synchronization objective is achieved despite the effects of the communication delay and the unknown dynamics of the platform. When there is no common desired trajectory, the modified controller drives all robots to average consensus for an unsigned graph and to bipartite consensus for a structurally balanced signed digraph. In addition, a leader–follower scheme is proposed that allows for the control of the constant and time‐varying consensus values. Simulation results illustrate the performance of the proposed control algorithms. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Staggered Broad-Band Reflecting Multilayers (1966)

Considerable broadening of the reflectance band of a multilayer stack may be obtained by staggering the layer thicknesses in such a way that they form either an arithmetic or geometric progression. Results are shown for asymmetric and symmetric filters of 15, 25, and 35 layers. The presence of the narrowband transmission peaks exhibited by the symmetric filters is explained, and the advantages of the use of this type of filter as an interference filter is discussed.
Spontaneous Spinal Epidural Hematoma After Combined Urokinase and Heparin Thrombolytic Therapy for Deep Venous Thrombosis (1996)

The literature clearly supports the view that all anticoagulation therapy is associated with a significant risk of hemorrhagic complications. Combining anticoagulation and fibrinolytic therapy further adds to this risk. Moreover, in the treatment of deep venous thrombosis the combined use of heparin and fibrinolytic therapy is not necessarily associated with a better outcome. Close monitoring of the clotting profile has not eliminated the risks since a correlation between laboratory parameters and bleeding complications has not been demonstrated. Furthermore, the appropriate total dose and duration of therapy remain unclear. The authors report an especially devastating complication of spinal epidural hematoma with resultant paraplegia after combined use of heparin and urokinase for iliofemoral venous thrombosis in an otherwise healthy young woman. The dramatic nature of the complications illustrates the need for continued analysis of this therapeutic strategy.