gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sound in a granular material: Disorder and nonlinearity (1993)

We have investigated the properties of low-amplitude vibrations in dry unconsolidated granular materials. The velocity of sound can vary by a factor of 5 depending upon whether one measures either the arrival time of the rising edge of the pulse or the quantity analogous to the group velocity. If we increase the amplitude of the vibrations, we observe nonlinearity near the point at which we first see hysteretic behavior. This is interpreted as due to the presence of force chains. We also find frequency shifts in all of the features that characterize the transmission spectrum.
MITOMAP: a human mitochondrial genome database (1996)

We have developed a comprehensive database (MITOMAP) for the human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), the first component of the human genome to be completely sequenced [Anderson et al. (1981) Nature 290, 457-465]. MITOMAP uses the mtDNA sequence as the unifying element for bringing together information on mitochondrial genome structure and function, pathogenic mutations and their clinical characteristics, population associated variation, and gene- gene interactions. As increasingly larger regions of the human genome are sequenced and characterized, the need for integrating such information will grow. Consequently, MITOMAP not only provides a valuable reference for the mitochondrial biologist, it may also provide a model for the development of information storage and retrieval systems for other components of the human genome.
Alert® for Methanol: A rapid diagnostic assay to detect methanol contamination in distilled spirits (2012)

Counterfeiting labelled brands of distilled spirits can be an economic and human health issue as some counterfeit products have been found to contain physiologically harmful levels of methanol. Previously, suspected counterfeit products were sent to a laboratory for GC/MS analysis, requiring hours to days to complete testing. A new rapid diagnostic assay, Neogen's Alert® for Methanol is an on-site screening tool to detect 1% or greater methanol in distilled spirits within 5 minutes. Alert® for Methanol is a colorimetric enzyme assay that indicates a sample contains &gt;1% methanol if the color of the reagent solution turns dark within 5 minutes after sample addition.
Stereoselective modulatory actions of oleamide on GABAA receptors and voltage‐gated Na+ channels in vitro: a putative endogenous ligand for depressant drug sites in CNS (2000)

1. cis-9,10-octadecenoamide ('oleamide') accumulates in CSF on sleep deprivation. It induces sleep in animals (the trans form is inactive) but its cellular actions are poorly characterized. We have used electrophysiology in cultures from embryonic rat cortex and biochemical studies in mouse nerve preparations to address these issues. 2. Twenty microM cis-oleamide (but not trans) reversibly enhanced GABA(A) currents and depressed the frequency of spontaneous excitatory and inhibitory synaptic activity in cultured networks. 3. cis-oleamide stereoselectively blocked veratridine-induced (but not K(+)-induced) depolarisation of mouse synaptoneurosomes (IC(50), 13. 9 microM). 4. The cis isomer stereoselectively blocked veratridine-induced (but not K(+)-induced) [(3)H]-GABA release from mouse synaptosomes (IC(50), 4.6 microM). 5. At 20 microM cis-oleamide, but not trans, produced a marked inhibition of Na(+) channel-dependent rises in intrasynaptosomal Ca(2+). 6. The physiological significance of these observations was examined by isolating Na(+) spikes in cultured pyramidal neurones. Sixty-four microM cis-oleamide did not significantly alter the amplitude, rate of rise or duration of unitary action potentials (1 Hz). 7. cis-Oleamide stereoselectively suppressed sustained repetitive firing (SRF) in these cells with an EC(50) of 4.1 microM suggesting a frequency- or state-dependent block of voltage-gated Na(+) channels. 8. Oleamide is a stereoselective modulator of both postsynaptic GABA(A) receptors and presynaptic or somatic voltage-gated Na(+) channels which are crucial for synaptic inhibition and conduction. The modulatory actions are strikingly similar to those displayed by sedative or anticonvulsant barbiturates and a variety of general anaesthetics. 9. Oleamide may represent an endogenous modulator for drug receptors and an important regulator of arousal.
4.4 CAN LASER DOPPLER VIBROMETER DETECT CAROTID STENOSIS FROM SKIN VIBRATIONS? HYDRAULIC BENCH TESTS ON PATIENT-SPECIFIC MODEL (2018)

Background: Within the H2020 CARDIS project, we explore the use of a Laser Doppler Vibrometer (LDV) [1] to detect asymptomatic carotid stenosis from measurement of skin vibrations on the neck of affected patients. We hypothesise that flow instabilities induced by the stenosis will propagate as mechanical waves through soft tissues of the neck. We here report measurements on an experimental model to assess the ability of LDV to detect stenosis-induced vibrations. Methods: A compliant carotid bifurcation with Internal Carotid Artery (ICA) 76% area-stenosis model was surrounded by hydrogel and a skin-like layer to mimic neck’s skin and soft tissues. Measurements were acquired (20 KHz) at physiological flows (water) through the artery [2, 3], at several distances downstream from the stenosis. Intra-arterial pressure measurements were performed at the same location for reference (Fig. 1A). To assess in which frequency range the Fast Fourier Transform spectra of the signals are most sensitive to changes in flow rate, we constructed a univariate linear model in SPSS for the integral of the normalized spectra (8K, Hann, 50%-overlap, LabChart), where inflow was used as covariate and the frequency range as fixed factor. Results: The spectrograms (Fig 1B) showed that the LDV was able to detect flow-induced instabilities in the 0–500 Hz range. The sensitivity was highest between 50–150 Hz for both LDV and pressure. Conclusion: The LDV was able to detect stenosis-related flow features with a sensitivity comparable to the intra-arterial manometer, proving the potential of the technique for stenosis diagnosis by detecting neck skin vibrations. In-vivo validation is in progress.
Growing Neural Gas (GNG)-Based Maximum Power Point Tracking for High-Performance Wind Generator With an Induction Machine (2011)

This paper presents a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique for a high-performance wind generator with induction machine based on the growing neural gas (GNG) network. Here, a GNG network has been trained offline to learn the turbine characteristic surface torque versus wind speed and machine speed. It has been implemented online to perform the inversion of this function, obtaining the wind free speed based on the estimated torque and measured machine speed. The machine reference speed is then computed by the optimal tip speed ratio. For the experimental application, a back-to-back configuration with two voltage source converters has been considered: one on the machine side and another on the grid side. Finally, two comparisons have been made. The first approach maintains the same generator structure and compares the GNG MMPT with the classic perturb-and-observe MPPT, whereas the second approach compares the squirrel-cage induction generator with a doubly fed induction generator, both integrated with the GNG MPPT. Both comparisons have been made on real wind speed profiles.
Noninvasive Measurement of Electrical Events Associated with a Single Chlorovirus Infection of a Microalgal Cell (2016)

Chlorovirus Paramecium bursaria chlorella virus 1 (PBCV-1) contains a viral-encoded K(+) channel imbedded in its internal membrane, which triggers host plasma membrane depolarization during virus infection. This early stage of infection was monitored at high resolution by recording the cell membrane depolarization of a single Chlorella cell during infection by a single PBCV-1 particle. The measurement was achieved by depositing the cells onto a network of one-dimensional necklaces of Au nanoparticles, which spanned two electrodes 70 μm apart. The nanoparticle necklace array has been shown to behave as a single-electron device at room temperature. The resulting electrochemical field-effect transistor (eFET) was gated by the cell membrane potential, which allowed a quantitative measurement of the electrophysiological changes across the rigid cell wall of the microalgae due to a single viral attack at high sensitivity. The single viral infection signature was quantitatively confirmed by coupling the eFET measurement with a method in which a single viral particle was delivered for infection by a scanning probe microscope cantilever.
Proteasome activity modulates amyloid toxicity (2022)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is responsible for 60%-80% of identified cases of dementia. While the generation and accumulation of amyloid precursor protein (APP) fragments is accepted as a key step in AD pathogenesis, the precise role of these fragments remains poorly understood. To overcome this deficit, we induced the expression of the soluble C-terminal fragment of APP (C99), the rate-limiting peptide for the generation of amyloid fragments, in yeast that contain thermosensitive mutations in genes encoding proteasome subunits. Our previous work with this system demonstrated that these proteasome-deficient yeast cells, expressing C99 when proteasome activity was blunted, generated amyloid fragments similar to those observed in AD patients. We now report the phenotypic repercussions of inducing C99 expression in proteasome-deficient cells. We show increased levels of protein aggregates, cellular stress and chaperone expression, electron-dense accumulations in the nuclear envelope/ER, abnormal DNA condensation, and an induction of apoptosis. Taken together, these findings suggest that the generation of C99 and its associated fragments in yeast cells with compromised proteasomal activity results in phenotypes that may be relevant to the neuropathological processes observed in AD patients. These data also suggest that this yeast model should be useful for testing therapeutics that target AD-associated amyloid, since it allows for the assessment of the reversal of the perturbed cellular physiology observed when degradation pathways are dysfunctional.
Role of phospholipase D in the cAMP signal transduction pathway activated during fibroblast contraction of collagen matrices. (1995)

Fibroblast contraction of stressed collagen matrices results in activation of a cAMP signal transduction pathway. This pathway involves influx of extracellular Ca2+ ions and increased production of arachidonic acid. We report that within 5 min after initiating contraction, a burst of phosphatidic acid release was detected. Phospholipase D was implicated in production of phosphatidic acid based on observation of a transphosphatidylation reaction in the presence of ethanol that resulted in formation of phosphatidylethanol at the expense of phosphatidic acid. Activation of phospholipase D required extracellular Ca2+ ions and was regulated by protein kinase C. Ethanol treatment of cells also inhibited by 60-70% contraction-dependent release of arachidonic acid and cAMP but had no effect on increased cAMP synthesis after addition of exogenous arachidonic acid or on phospholipase A2 activity measured in cell extracts. Moreover, other treatments that inhibited the burst of phosphatidic acid release after contraction--chelating extracellular Ca2+ or down-regulating protein kinase C--also blocked contraction activated cyclic AMP signaling. These results were consistent with the idea that phosphatidic acid production occurred upstream of arachidonic acid in the contraction-activated cAMP signaling pathway.
The Status of Virginia's Public Oyster Resource 2002 (2003)

This report summarizes data collected during 2011 in the Virginia portion of the Chesapeake Bay. The report is composed of two parts, part one, oyster recruitment (shell string) in Virginia and part two, dredge survey of selected oyster bars in Virginia.
Transparent, Cascaded-Sheet Metasurfaces for Field Transformations (2022)

Integral equations are used to design transparent, cascaded-sheet, metasurfaces for arbitrary field transformations. Commonly used techniques such as the local periodicity approximation do not account for the inhomogeneity of the cascaded sheets. As a result, they impose restrictions on the separation between the sheets. In contrast, we use the governing integral equation to accurately design metasurfaces consisting of three cascaded inhomogeneous sheets separated by two dielectric spacers of arbitrary thickness. The integral equation, that is solved using the Method of Moments (MoM), accounts for all electromagnetic interactions between the inhomogeneous sheets. A design example is presented that shapes the field radiated from a line source into a collimated beam with a cosine tapered amplitude. The performance of the metasurface is verified using a commercial electromagnetics full-wave solver.
Corrosion rate measurements in vivo (1967)

Abstract Corrosion resistance is particularly important in medical treatments requiring implantation of metallic objects in the human body. Unfortunately, weight loss measurements and other conventional corrosion testing techniques are insufficiently sensitive and difficult to adapt to in vivo environments. The linear polarization technique can be used to remotely meaure the corrosion rates of metals implanted in tissue using needle probes. The principles of this technique are reviewed and the results of tests performed on steel, cobalt, and molybdenum implanted in experimental animals are discussed.
Impact of Metastatic Stage at Presentation on Survival from Primary Bone Cancer (2019)

Journal of the American College of Surgeons 229(4):p S264-S265, October 2019. | DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2019.08.583
Preparative hydrocarbon group type determination by automated medium pressure liquid chromatography (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparative hydrocarbon group type determination by automated medium pressure liquid chromatographyMatthias. Radke, Helmut. Willsch, and Dietrich H. WelteCite this: Anal. Chem. 1980, 52, 3, 406–411Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50053a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50053a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views738Altmetric-Citations442LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Deletion mutants which affect the nuclease-sensitive site in simian virus 40 chromatin. (1982)

A short segment of simian virus 40 (SV40) chromatin on the late side of the origin of replication is hypersensitive to nuclease cleavage. The role of DNA sequence information in this nuclease-sensitive feature was examined by constructing deletion mutations in this region. Deletions were introduced into the inserted segment of in(Or)-1411 (a viable, partially duplicated variant of SV40), and nuclease sensitivity of the inserted segment was compared with that of the unaltered sequences in their normal location in the viral genome. Extended deletions (118 to 161 base pairs) essentially abolished nuclease sensitivity within the inserted segment. Shorter deletions (21 to 52 base pairs) at separate locations retained the nuclease-sensitive feature. In some short-deletion mutants nuclease susceptibility was substantially reduced. We conclude that more than one genetic element in this region contributes to the organization of the nuclease-sensitive feature and that the SV40 72-base repeat is not, in itself, sufficient signal for this feature.
Biological effects of combined resveratrol and vitamin D3 on ovarian tissue (2017)

Such results could be used as a fundamental data for the development of new therapies for gynecological conditions, such as hot-flashes.
FDI Architecture for Proprioceptive Sensors Using Analytical Redundancy and Road Signature (2015)

A fault detection and identification architecture, based on analytical redundancy is presented here, in order to detect faulty comportment from embedded proprioceptive sensors of intelligent vehicles. A road signature is then developed using the three dimensional behavior of the vehicle in order to discriminate sensors faults from environmental perturbation. Finally, some strategies are studied to verify the faulty behavior origin, and so ensure the decision process.
Open Access as the Napster of Scholarly Communication (2022)

This article compares the disruptive impact Napster had on the music industry in the early 2000s to the disruptive impact Open Access (OA) movements (both legal and illegal) are having on scholarly communication through the lens of a nonprofit scientific publisher that wants to transition to OA, but is uncertain how.
Hydropower cost estimates (1983)

Developpement d'une methode simple de verification des estimations preliminaires du cout de projets de centrales hydroelectriques basee sur une analyse statistique de donnees sur les couts de plus de 170 projets
Deletions in the ligand for CD40 in X-linked immunoglobulin deficiency with normal or elevated IgM (HIGMX-1) (1993)

Patients with X-linked Ig deficiency with normal or elevated IgM (HIGMX-1) fail to switch from IgM/IgD to other Ig isotypes. Interaction between the B cell antigen CD40 and the CD40 ligand expressed on activated T cells is critical for T cell driven isotype switching. We have reported that T lymphocytes from three unrelated male patients with HIGMX-1 failed to express CD40 ligand on their surface, but the mRNA for CD40 ligand was of an apparently normal size and level. Analysis of CD40 ligand cDNA from two of the patients revealed deletions that alter the reading frame. Patient 1 displayed two mutations: a C-->A transversion at nucleotide 590 and the deletion of an adjacent C nucleotide. The second patient had a 58 bp deletion from nucleotides 289-346. Furthermore, neither patient expressed a protein product detectable by the CD40L mAb, 5c8.
New time-scale criteria for model simplification of bio-reaction systems (2008)

By successive calculation of the newly derived time-scale criteria, it was possible to detect multiple boundary layers of full ordinary differential equation (ODE) models. Besides, the iterative procedure could derive the appropriate reduced differential algebraic equation (DAE) model with consistent initial values, which was tested with simple examples and a practical example.
Laminated microbial ecosystems on sheltered beaches in Scapa Flow, Orkney Islands (1989)

Laminated microbial sediment ecosystems which develop in the upper tidal zone of Scapa Flow beaches, Orkney Islands were investigated with respect to depth profiles of chlorophyll a, bacteriochlorophyll a, pH, redox, oxygen and the following inorganic sulfur compounds: free sulfide, FeS, polysulfides, polythionates, elemental sulfur and thiosulfate. In addition, particle size distribution and light penetration were determined at all sampling locations.<br/>Three main types of laminated sediment ecosystems were recognized, designated the ‘classical’ type (layer of cyanobacteria underlain by layer of purple sulfur bacteria), the ‘single-layer’ type (chlorophyll a containing organisms absent, purple sulfur bacteria at sediment surface), and the ‘inverted’ type (chlorophyll a containing organisms underlying purple sulfur bacteria). The dominant purple sulfur bacterium was Thiocapsa roseopersicina and Chromatium vinosum was observed less commonly. The principal cyanobacterium found in these sulfureta was Oscillatoria sp.<br/>The depth horizon at which maximum populations of purple sulfur bacteria were recorded often did not coincide with the sulfide/oxygen interface but was located closer to the sediment surface where polysulfides, polythionates, elemental sulfur and occasionally thiosulfate were present. The structure of these sulfureta is discussed in relation to the chemolithotrophic growth capacities of Thiocapsa in the presence of oxygen
Integration of docetaxel into adjuvant breast cancer treatment regimens. (2002)

Adjuvant chemotherapy is an integral component of the multidisciplinary curative treatment of primary breast cancers. The experience of the last 3 decades indicates that anthracycline-containing regimens provide the most effective cytotoxic treatment for this purpose. The development of the taxanes over the past 10 years represents substantial progress, and taxane-containing regimens are widely used for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. Most ongoing clinical trials of adjuvant chemotherapy include a taxane-related question. The docetaxel (Taxotere)-containing regimens were developedfollowing one of three important strategies: (1) the sequential administration of docetaxel to existing, commonly used combinations; (2) the simultaneous addition of docetaxel to an existing regimen; and (3) the substitution of docetaxelfor one of the drugs included in standard combinations. These three approaches are under intense investigation by large multicenter, multinational clinical trials. The results of these phase III, prospective, randomized trials will establish the contribution of docetaxel to the curative treatment of breast cancer and will determine the optimal method of incorporating this drug into standard adjuvant therapy.
Interfacial fracture toughness measurements in microelectronic packages with different test setups on samples from production (2012)

Interfacial delamination has become one of the most important reliability issues in the microelectronic industry, and therefore more and more focus is set on related research.