gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Physical confinement impacts cellular phenotype within living materials (2020)

Abstract Additive manufacturing allows three-dimensional printing of polymeric materials together with cells, creating living materials for applications in biomedical research and biotechnology. However, understanding the cellular phenotype within living materials is lacking and a key limitation for their wider application. Herein, we present an approach to characterize the cellular phenotype within living materials. We immobilized the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae in three different photocross-linkable triblock polymeric hydrogels containing F127-bis-urethane methacrylate, F127-dimethacrylate, or poly(alkyl glycidyl ether)-dimethacrylate. Using optical and scanning electron microscopy, we showed that hydrogels based on these polymers were stable under physiological conditions, but yeast colonies showed differences in the interaction within the living materials. We found that the physical confinement, imparted by compositional and structural properties of the hydrogels, impacted the cellular phenotype by reducing the size of cells in living materials compared with suspension cells. These properties also contributed to the differences in immobilization patterns, growth of colonies, and colony coatings. We observed that a composition-dependent degradation of polymers was likely possible by cells residing in the living materials. In conclusion, our investigation highlights the need for a holistic understanding of the cellular response within hydrogels to facilitate the synthesis of application-specific polymers and the design of advanced living materials in the future.
Elderly Population and Robotic Assisted Surgeries for Diverticular Disease: Utility and Outcomes Using NSQIP (2023)

Quinn, Ashley Wercholuk MD; Wong, Jan H MD, FACS; Irish, William PhD; Fu, Yuanyuan MA; Akram, Warqaa M MBChB, FACS Author Information
Reflections on the virtues of modularity: a case study in linux security modules (2009)

Abstract Developing a modular system that properly supports a range of security models is challenging. The work presented here details our experiences with the modular Linux security framework called Linux Security Modules, or LSMs. Throughout our experiences we discovered that the developers of the LSM framework made certain tradeoffs for speed and simplicity during implementation, and consequently leaving the framework incomplete. Our experiences show at which points the theory of the LSM differs from reality, and details how these differences play out when developing and using a custom LSM. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
A model assessing how variable timing of outcome assessments impacts progression-free survival (PFS) (2007)

5130 Background: PFS has been proposed as an endpoint in prostate cancer because tumor regression cannot be assessed easily and the significance of post-therapy changes in PSA is uncertain. There is significant variability in the frequency by which outcomes are assessed across clinical trials. We sought to create a model that would define the degree of error in estimating PFS from this variability. Methods: A simulation experiment was performed. An exponential distribution was used to generate 100 progression times for 3 hypothetical risk cohorts: rapid (median PFS of 18 wks), intermediate (36 wks) and slow progressors (72 wks). We examined how reported PFS would change depending on 3 assessment schedules: every (q) 6, 8 and 12 wks for 48 wks each, then q6 months for 2 years. The logrank statistic was used to compare PFS between schedules. If different schedules have no impact the expected type 1 error rate should be 5% (where a difference in PFS time is detected when none existed). Each simulation was repeated 1000 times. Results: Nine pairwise comparisons were performed and Kaplan-Meier PFS estimates created for the 3 assessment schedules and 3 risk cohorts (see table 1 ). In the highest risk cohort, PFS of 18 wks, 38% of the time the logrank test showed a falsely prolonged PFS for pts assessed on the q12 vs 6 wks schedule. This type 1 error rate (by simulation) was reduced to 20% and 11%, when the schedules were q8 vs 12 wks and q6 vs 8 wks, respectively, but remained above the 5% expected rate for type 1 error. For lower risk pts, PFS of 72 wks, the disparity in PFS times was diminished. Conclusions: Progression free survival is significantly skewed by the schedule of assessing treatment effects in clinical trials. This argues for uniformity in the timing of outcome assessments across trials and between arms in randomized trials. Grant support: 5T32CA09207 [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Hog Fuel Drying Using Vapour Recompression (1984)

A continuous hog fuel drying pilot plant based on the principle of mixing hog fuel with a hot oil (e.g., crude tall oil) as the heat transfer medium, and recirculating the suspension through a steam heated exchanger was designed, built, and successfully operated. The drying process proposed is based on the principle of vapour recompression. The capacity of the pilot plant is approximately 2.5 kg/h of hog fuel (dry basis) and the effective heat exchanger area is 0.4 m2. Densification options are being studied to produce a water-resistant densified biomass fuel.
Frequency-place compression and expansion in cochlear implant listeners (2004)

In multichannel cochlear implants, low frequency information is delivered to apical cochlear locations while high frequency information is delivered to more basal locations, mimicking the normal acoustic tonotopic organization of the auditory nerves. In clinical practice, little attention has been paid to the distribution of acoustic input across the electrodes of an individual patient that might vary in terms of spacing and absolute tonotopic location. In normal-hearing listeners, Başkent and Shannon (J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 113, 2003) simulated implant signal processing conditions in which the frequency range assigned to the array was systematically made wider or narrower than the simulated stimulation range in the cochlea, resulting in frequency-place compression or expansion, respectively. In general, the best speech recognition was obtained when the input acoustic information was delivered to the matching tonotopic place in the cochlea with least frequency-place distortion. The present study measured phoneme and sentence recognition scores with similar frequency-place manipulations in six Med-El Combi 40+ implant subjects. Stimulation locations were estimated using the Greenwood mapping function based on the estimated electrode insertion depth. Results from frequency-place compression and expansion with implants were similar to simulation results, especially for postlingually deafened subjects, despite the uncertainty in the actual stimulation sites of the auditory nerves. The present study shows that frequency-place mapping is an important factor in implant performance and an individual implant patient's map could be optimized with functional tests using frequency-place manipulations.
Virulence of Two Isolates of Meloidogyne enterolobii (Guava Root-Knot Nematode) from North Carolina on Cotton Lines Resistant to Southern Root-Knot Nematode ( M. incognita ) and Reniform Nematode ( Rotylenchulus reniformis ) (2023)

Abstract Meloidogyne enterolobii [the guava root-knot nematode (RKN)] is an emerging plant-parasitic nematode that poses a threat to Upland cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum ) production in the southeastern United States. Like other RKN spp., M. enterolobii has a wide host range and proven ability to overcome resistance sources that have helped protect crops from other Meloidogyne spp., including the southern RKN ( Meloidogyne incognita ). In this study we evaluated the virulence of two North Carolina M. enterolobii isolates on Upland cotton germplasm lines having resistance quantitative trait loci (QTL) to RKN (M240 RNR, MRk-Rn-1) and/or reniform nematode ( Rotylenchulus reniformis ) (M713 Ren1, MRk-Rn-1) in comparison to their susceptible recurrent parents (DPL61, SG747). Multiple assays using eggs or J2 as inoculum demonstrated that both isolates reproduced equally well on all germplasm lines, producing reproductive factor (RF) values ≥ 6 on the otherwise nematode-resistant lines. Measurements of seedling growth in control and inoculated containers suggested that existing nematode-resistance QTL may offer a level of tolerance to M. enterolobii infection that should be further explored in greenhouse and field environments. Meloidogyne enterolobii infection of SG747 and MRk-Rn-1 showed nearly identical stages of symptom and nematode development over a time-course of 24 days. These data demonstrate that existing RKN and RN resistance QTL available in elite cotton varieties to producers are most likely insufficient in preventing yield loss due to M. enterolobii and that future research should focus on (i) understanding the M. enterolobii –cotton interaction at the molecular level, and (ii) screening novel germplasm collections to identify resistance loci.
Low-cost selective precipitation circuit for recovery of rare earth elements from acid leachate of coal waste (2023)

The present invention concerns a process of selective precipitation for the purpose of recovering rare earth elements from acidic media derived from coal and coal byproducts via two main steps of sequential precipitation and selective precipitation. An intermediary step of re-precipitation can be included to further increase RRE concentrations, as well as improve contaminant metal removal.
Innovative Technologies in Experimental Corneal Surgery ex vivo (2018)

The aim of the study was to assess the feasibility and outcomes of surgical interventions on the cornea in ex vivo experiments using the Femto Visum femtosecond laser system (Optosystems Ltd., Russia).
Synthesis, characterisation and aquatic ecotoxicity of the UV filter hexyl 2-(4-diethylamino-2-hydroxybenzoyl)benzoate (DHHB) and its chlorinated by-products (2015)

Environmental context Various UV-filtering chemicals are added to sunscreens in order to protect humans from the harmful effects of the sun. As a consequence of disinfection processes in swimming pools, sunscreen components may be chlorinated and change their structure and properties, leading to derivatives with higher toxicity. The safety of sunscreen components as well as that of their transformation products during their use requires further study. Abstract In this work is presented a synthesis pathway for the UV filter hexyl 2-(4-diethylamino-2-hydroxybenzoyl)benzoate (DHHB) and its chlorinated by-products in order to investigate the transformation behaviour and toxicity changes of DHHB during chlorination disinfection treatment. Acute toxicity was measured using standardised tests with aquatic model organisms. The potency of DHHB was compared with other benzophenone-like UV filters tested in the same experimental set-up. The toxicity of chlorinated compounds tested with photobacteria was found to be in a similar range to that of the starting compound. Microalgae were more sensitive to DHHB than to its chlorinated by-products, whereas daphnids were affected more by DHHB’s chlorinated products. The comparative toxicity data showed DHHB and even more its chlorinated by-products as more highly biologically potent to daphnids than other tested UV filters. The toxic potential of benzophenone-like UV filters should be interpreted together with data on their chemical properties, chlorination effects and affected organisms.
A quantile autoregression analysis of price volatility in agricultural markets (2019)

Abstract This paper investigates the dynamics of agricultural price volatility based on a quantile autoregression (QAR) model. The QAR model provides a flexible representation of the distribution of price and its dynamics. The approach is applied to U.S. wheat and corn markets over the period of 1980–2017. This period is of significant interest as it covers important changes in agricultural policy and increased reliance on markets. The price analysis is conducted conditional on stocks held in the previous period. We show how increasing previous stocks shift the price distribution to the left and decreases the odds of facing price spikes (by shifting down the upper tail of the price distribution). Our analysis also examines the effects of changing public stocks on prices. For both wheat and corn, this reflects changing agricultural policy, contrasting the 1980s (when public stocks were relatively high) with the post‐2005 period (when public stocks became zero). We document how higher public stock ratio during the previous period did not lower the odds of facing price spikes. Applied to the wheat and corn markets, we also uncover evidence of local dynamic instability in the upper tail of the price distribution, suggesting that price instability becomes more pronounced when previous stocks are low.
Regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor in breast cancer (1990)

Conference Article| August 01 1990 Regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor in breast cancer STEWART BARKER; STEWART BARKER 1*Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of St Bartholomew's Hospital, London EC1M 6BQ; †Surgical Unit, The London Hospital (Whitechapel), London E1 2AD, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar CAM PANAHY; CAM PANAHY 2*Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of St Bartholomew's Hospital, London EC1M 6BQ; †Surgical Unit, The London Hospital (Whitechapel), London E1 2AD, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar JOHN R. PUDDEFOOT; JOHN R. PUDDEFOOT 3*Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of St Bartholomew's Hospital, London EC1M 6BQ; †Surgical Unit, The London Hospital (Whitechapel), London E1 2AD, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar ANTHONY W. GOODE; ANTHONY W. GOODE 4*Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of St Bartholomew's Hospital, London EC1M 6BQ; †Surgical Unit, The London Hospital (Whitechapel), London E1 2AD, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar GAVIN P. VINSON GAVIN P. VINSON 5*Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of St Bartholomew's Hospital, London EC1M 6BQ; †Surgical Unit, The London Hospital (Whitechapel), London E1 2AD, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1990) 18 (4): 562–564. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0180562 Article history Received: November 24 1989 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation STEWART BARKER, CAM PANAHY, JOHN R. PUDDEFOOT, ANTHONY W. GOODE, GAVIN P. VINSON; Regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor in breast cancer. Biochem Soc Trans 1 August 1990; 18 (4): 562–564. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0180562 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: E2, 17-β oestradiol, ER, oestrogen receptor, EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor, EGF, epidermal growth factor, Pg, progesterone, PgR, progesterone receptor This content is only available as a PDF. © 1990 Biochemical Society1990 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Beschäftigung mit Erinnerungen (1996)

In diesem Kapitel wird dargestellt, weshalb die Befragten sich nach eigenen Angaben mit Erinnerungen beschäftigen bzw. wie sie mit ihren Erinnerungen umgehen. Grundlage sind die auf Erinnerungen und den Umgang mit ihnen bezogenen Textpassagen, die füir jedes Interview kodiert und extrahiert und anschließend kategorisiert wurden. Die zitierten Textauszüge sollen einen Eindruck von der Art der Gespräche vermitteln. In Klammern angegeben werden wieder jeweils im Anschluß an den zitierten Text die Interviewnummer sowie Anfangs und Endzeile der Fundstelle. Gesprächspausen sind mit ... markiert, nonverbale Äußerungen stehen in Klammern.
Nucleus-encoded Factors Involved in 5' and 3' Processing of Chloroplast Transcripts in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (2006)

Chloroplast RNA maturation and degradation are regulated by nucleus-encoded factors that interact with sequences and structures within the RNA. Although several transcript-specific factors have been identified, those involved globally in RNA metabolism, apart from ribonucleases, have mostly remained elusive. Three pleiotropic nuclear mutations, mcd3, mcd4, and mcd5, appear to affect this global RNA metabolism, since they impact 5' end and 3' end maturation of two or more chloroplast transcripts in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. These mutants were initially isolated as photoautotrophic suppressors of the 5' UTR mutations LS2 and LS6, which destabilized petD transcripts, but analysis of transcripts from 32 chloroplast genes showed that mcd3 and mcd4 displayed altered RNA transcript patterns for 17 genes, whereas three were altered in mcd5. The transcript patterns observed in mcd3, mcd4, and mcd5 are consistent with defects in endonucleolytic cleavage. Since the role of endonucleolytic cleavage in atpB 3' maturation has been well characterized, a series of reporter strains containing the ectopically-expressed atpB processing determinant, which consists of an inverted repeat and endonuclease cleavage site (ECS), were used to further evaluate the role of mcd4 in endonucleolytic cleavage as well as the sequences with which it might interact. These experiments suggested that mcd4 suppresses endonucleolytic cleavage involved in atpB 3' maturation, and that it is involved in endonucleolytic cleavages that initiate degradation. MCD4 likely interacts with the inverted repeat, the ECS CCand/or nucleotides 15-39 downstream of the ECS in facilitating this 3' maturation. To further characterize the role of MCD3, MCD4, and MCD5, a series of map-based cloning tools and methods were generated. Using these methods, MCD4 has been isolated to a 1,300 kb region and candidate gene analysis is underway. Taken together, these studies suggest that MCD3, MCD4, and MCD5 may be components of multiprotein complexes responsible for RNA maturation and degradation in Chlamydomonas chloroplasts that are recruited by gene-specific proteins such as MCD1, or RNA sequences and structures such as those found for atpB.
RING finger protein 31 promotes p53 degradation in breast cancer cells (2015)

The atypical E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF31 is highly expressed in human breast cancer, the most frequent neoplastic lethality among women. Here, RNF31 depletion in breast cancer cells in combination with global gene expression profiling revealed p53 (TP53) signaling as a potential RNF31 target. Interestingly, RNF31 decreased p53 stability, whereas depletion of RNF31 in breast cancer cells caused cell cycle arrest and cisplatin-induced apoptosis in a p53-dependent manner. Furthermore, RNF31 associated with the p53/MDM2 complex and facilitated p53 polyubiquitination and degradation by stabilizing MDM2, suggesting a molecular mechanism by which RNF31 regulates cell death. Analysis of publically available clinical data sets displayed a negative correlation between RNF31 and p53 target genes, including IGFBP3 and BTG1, consistent with RNF31 regulating p53 function in vivo as well. Together, our findings suggest RNF31 as a potential therapeutic target to restore p53 function in breast cancer.
Expression of the amiloride-sensitive sodium channel beta subunit gene in human B lymphocytes. (1997)

The amiloride-sensitive, epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) is composed of at least three subunits (alpha, beta, and gamma). This study demonstrates that the ENaC beta subunit gene is expressed in human B cell lines, peripheral blood lymphocytes, and lymph node at the mRNA level. Further, this study shows that both wild-type and mutated alleles of the ENaC beta subunit gene are transcribed in human B lymphocytes derived from an individual affected with Liddle's syndrome, an autosomal dominant form of human hypertension.
Investigating live and fixed epithelial and fibroblast cells by atomic force microscopy (2002)

The atomic force microscopy technique can be used to study cells and provide sub-cellular details at resolution equal to or in some situations better than the scanning electron microscopy technique. However, parameters for imaging have to be tailored for individual experimental goals.
An introduction to this special section: Prestack Depth Migration (2001)

In the near future, essentially all seismic data will be on depth, with time sections merely a preliminary output of the entire process of prestack depth migration.
Metabolism and disposition of phenazopyridine in rat (1993)

1. The blood profile, tissue distribution, biliary and urinary excretion, and metabolism of 14C-phenazopyridine (PAP) was studied in male Wistar rats. 2. Based on the blood profile of 14C the absorption of PAP from the gastrointestinal tract was rapid; the t1/2 of elimination was 7.35 h. 3. Biliary excretion was a major route of elimination with 40.7% dose excreted by this route in bile duct-cannulated rats over the 0-8 h period. The predominant metabolite was conjugated 4'-hydroxy-PAP. 4. Liver and kidney showed the highest tissue levels of PAP-derived 14C, and significant covalent binding was found in these two tissues. 5. The major urinary metabolite of PAP was 4-acetylaminophenol (NAPA) followed in order by 5,4'-dihydroxy-PAP, 5-hydroxy-PAP, 4'-hydroxy-PAP and 2'-hydroxy-PAP; unchanged PAP accounted for < 1% dose. 6. Doubling the dose of PAP to 200 mg/kg caused a proportionate decrease in urinary NAPA excretion and an increase in 5-hydroxy-PAP.
years of high speed deflectograph measurements of the Danish state road network (2009)

The Danish High Speed Deflectograph (HSD) is an advanced measuring vehicle that uses laser technology to scan the network with regard to bearing capacity. It operates at traffic speed, at a maximum of 80 km/h, applying a 10 ton axle load on the pavement surface. In 2005, 2006 and 2007 the Danish state road network of approximately 1600 km was surveyed with the HSD. The result is continuous values of the structural curvature index SCI300, providing a remarkable overview of the structural condition of the network. The paper contains comparisons between measurements conducted through the three years. Looking deeper at individual road sections, the possible causes of observed changes from one year to the next will be investigated and discussed.
Cell-to-cell communication within intact human skin. (1988)

We have characterized cell-to-cell communication (coupling) within intact human skin by microinjecting single keratinocytes with a gap junction-permeant tracer (Lucifer Yellow). 25-50 keratinocytes from different layers of the epidermis were seen to be coupled after most injections (n = 31). A few noncommunicating cells were also microinjected (n = 3) or observed within large territories of coupled keratinocytes. Microinjections of dermal fibroblasts demonstrated an extensive coupling (greater than 100 fibroblasts); however, none of the keratinocyte (n = 34) or fibroblast (n = 3) injections revealed coupling between the epidermal and dermal compartments. Cell coupling was found to be more extensive in epidermal ridges than in suprapapillary plates and, in both regions, was less extensive after injection of the basal layer of the epidermis than after that of the suprabasal layers. This study shows that junctional cell-to-cell communications take place in normal and fully differentiated human tissue. The quantitative data gathered also indicate a regional heterogeneity of keratinocyte-to-keratinocyte communication within intact adult skin and the lack of effect of retinoids on this pattern.