gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Change of SF6plasma properties by the inclusion of N2at different admixture ratios (2000)

An inductively coupled plasma (ICP) model is developed/solved to investigate SF6-N2 plasma properties at different gas ratios. The simulating work is divided into two parts: the thermophysical properties of the SF6-N2 mixture at different ratios are calculated in the first part and the results thus obtained are used in the second part to predict plasma properties for the corresponding ratios of gas flow.
A scalable security protocol for wireless sensor networks (2008)

Since sensor nodes suffer from limited resources, in memory storage, computing power, energy capabilities, and transmission rates, available network security protocols are inadequate. Symmetric algorithms cannot provide the same degree of security as public-key algorithms, the fact of which has led us to devise a new algorithm, SHESP, which uses public keys within the limitations of sensor nodes. This paper aims to present a way to utilize existing public-key algorithms in the field of wireless sensor network security by dividing the network into clusters. Our algorithm supplies data confidentiality, node authentication and data integrity while remaining within acceptable memory, time and energy constraints. Also, an important feature we opted to establish, which was lacking in most security protocols, was enabling secure node-to-node communication, without the need to route through a distant base station. We provide theoretical as well as experimental evidence to validate our algorithm.
Universal Growth in Production Economies (2018)

We consider a simple variant of the von Neumann model of an expanding economy, in which multiple producers make goods according to their production function. The players trade their goods at the market and then use the bundles acquired for the production in the next round. We study a simple decentralized dynamic---known as proportional response---in which players update their bids proportionally to how useful the investments were in the past round. We show this dynamic leads to growth of the economy in the long term (whenever growth is possible) but also creates unbounded inequality, i.e. very rich and very poor players emerge. We analyze several other phenomena, such as how the relation of a player with others influences its development and the Gini index of the system. One of the key technical findings is that the players learn a global feature of the network (the optimal cycle) in a decentralized way, while interacting locally with their direct neighbors. We obtain this by studying the volume in the resulting dynamical system and showing that the volume of each cycle expands or contracts by a constant factor in each round.
Ogino et al. Respond to "The 21st Century Epidemiologist" (2012)

We appreciate Dr. Kuller's perspective (1) on our proposal to integrate pathology and epidemiology education for current and future epidemiology, in which molecular pathological epidemiology (MPE) plays an increasingly major role (2).
Melatonin research in mice: a review (2019)

There continues to be considerable interest in the physiological role(s) of the hormone melatonin and its potential as a drug more than 60 years after its discovery. While there is an emphasis on human studies, there is still a need for animal models in biology. Laboratory strains of mice remain at the forefront of much biomedical research for many reasons. However, in the case of melatonin research, mice represent a problem that is often not recognized by researchers entering from other fields of biomedicine. In this review, I have brought together the results of a large number of studies in which melatonin was measured in the pineal gland and blood of different mouse strains. The unequivocal conclusion to be drawn from the review is that the majority of laboratory mouse strains do not produce melatonin, whereas the CBA and C3H strains produce substantial amounts of melatonin during the late dark period. Of course, this has been known from studies conducted more than 30 years ago, but papers continue to be published that report high levels of melatonin in the pineal glands and blood and melatonin metabolites in the urine of melatonin deficient strains. Reasons for these erroneous results are discussed and center around the use of unvalidated, poorly documented immunoassays and inadequate sample preparation (i.e. direct versus extracted assays). Finally, I discuss the validity of using extraordinary high doses (as high as 200 mg/kg) of melatonin administered to melatonin deficient mice in experiments. It is hoped that the presentation of multiple sources of data in one place documenting the actual melatonin deficiency of the various strains will reduce the uncritical use of unreliable results to support the use of melatonin deficient strains in melatonin research.
Chloroplast-localized protein kinases: a step forward towards a complete inventory (2012)

In addition to redox regulation, protein phosphorylation has gained increasing importance as a regulatory principle in chloroplasts in recent years. However, only very few chloroplast-localized protein kinases have been identified to date. Protein phosphorylation regulates important chloroplast processes such as photosynthesis or transcription. In order to better understand chloroplast function, it is therefore crucial to obtain a complete picture of the chloroplast kinome, which is currently constrained by two effects: first, recent observations showed that the bioinformatics-based prediction of chloroplast-localized protein kinases from available sequence data is strongly biased; and, secondly, protein kinases are of very low abundance, which makes their identification by proteomics approaches extremely difficult. Therefore, the aim of this study was to obtain a complete list of chloroplast-localized protein kinases from different species. Evaluation of protein kinases which were either highly predicted to be chloroplast localized or have been identified in different chloroplast proteomic studies resulted in the confirmation of only three new kinases. Considering also all reports of experimentally verified chloroplast protein kinases to date, compelling evidence was found for a total set of 15 chloroplast-localized protein kinases in different species. This is in contrast to a much higher number that would be expected based on targeting prediction or on the general abundance of protein kinases in relation to the entire proteome. Moreover, it is shown that unusual protein kinases with differing ATP-binding sites or catalytic centres seem to occur frequently within the chloroplast kinome, thus making their identification by mass spectrometry-based approaches even more difficult due to a different annotation.
Mapping the regioisomeric distribution of fatty acids in triacylglycerols by hybrid mass spectrometry (2012)

This study describes the use of hybrid mass spectrometry for the mapping, identification, and semi-quantitation of triacylglycerol regioisomers in fats and oils. The identification was performed based on the accurate mass and fragmentation pattern obtained by data-dependent fragmentation. Quantitation was based on the high-resolution ion chromatograms, and relative proportion of sn-1(3)/sn-2 regioisomers was calculated based on generalized fragmentation models and the relative intensities observed in the product ion spectra. The key performance features of the developed method are inter-batch mass accuracy < 1 ppm (n = 10); lower limit of detection (triggering threshold) 0.1 μg/ml (equivalent to 0.2 weight % in oil); lower limit of quantitation 0.2 μg/ml (equivalent to 0.4 weight % in oil); peak area precision 6.5% at 2 μg/ml concentration and 15% at 0.2 μM concentration; inter-batch precision of fragment intensities < 1% (n = 10) independent of the investigated concentration; and averaged accuracy using the generic calibration 3.8% in the 1-10 μg/ml range and varies between 1-23% depending on analytes. Inter-esterified fat, beef tallow, pork lard, and butter fat samples were used to show how well regioisomeric distribution of palmitic acid can be captured by this method.
Macroporous condensed poly(tetrafluoroethylene). I. In vivo inflammatory response and healing characteristics (2005)

This study was designed to determine whether the novel spatial geometry of macroporous condensed poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (cPTFE) favorably affects the in vivo repair process. Specifically, the macroporous surface geometry and the reduced material thickness contribute to better healing characteristics. For this purpose, three other materials used for abdominal wall repair were selected, expanded poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (ePTFE), low-weight poly(propylene) (lwPP), and high-weight poly(propylene) (hwPP). Samples of each material (1 x 2 cm, n = 4) were implanted subcutaneously in rats for 7, 28, or 56 days. After sacrificing the animals, at each time point, the tissue implant sites were subjected to morphometric analysis and evaluation of inflammatory and wound-healing tissue characteristics. Although the fibrous capsule thickness did not significantly vary among the four materials (p > 0.05), cPTFE consistently led to the most mature fibrous capsule. However, ePTFE showed the greatest tissue-material integration. Both PP materials presented various levels of tissue integration, but they were characterized by significant early inflammation and increased foreign body reaction around the mesh openings, especially for hwPP. In contrast, cPTFE did not induce extensive inflammation or elevated foreign body reaction around its mesh openings. We conclude that cPTFE combines the inherent PTFE biocompatibility with low polymer surface area (large mesh openings, reduced material thickness) leading to a better inflammatory and wound healing response compared to available materials used in abdominal wall reconstruction.
Coherent random walks in free space (2014)

Two-dimensional continuous time quantum random walks (CTQRW) are physical processes where quantum particles simultaneously evolve in different permissible directions within discrete graphs. In order to force the quantum walkers (QWs) to evolve in such a fashion, one generally requires periodic potentials. Here, we demonstrate that two-dimensional CTQRW can be generated in free space by properly tailoring the initial wave functions. We analytically show that within a certain spatial region the arising probability distribution quantitatively resembles the probability pattern exhibited by a QW traversing a periodic lattice potential. These theoretical predictions were experimentally verified using classical laser light, appropriately shaped by a spatial light modulator. Expanding the presented results to the case of multiple walkers may open new possibilities in quantum information technology using bulk optics. (C) 2014 Optical Society of America
Plant A20/AN1 protein serves as the important hub to mediate antiviral immunity (2018)

Salicylic acid (SA) is a key phytohormone that mediates a broad spectrum of resistance against a diverse range of viruses; however, the downstream pathway of SA governed antiviral immune response remains largely to be explored. Here, we identified an orchid protein containing A20 and AN1 zinc finger domains, designated Pha13. Pha13 is up-regulated upon virus infection, and the transgenic monocot orchid and dicot Arabidopsis overexpressing orchid Pha13 conferred greater resistance to different viruses. In addition, our data showed that Arabidopsis homolog of Pha13, AtSAP5, is also involved in virus resistance. Pha13 and AtSAP5 are early induced by exogenous SA treatment, and participate in the expression of SA-mediated immune responsive genes, including the master regulator gene of plant immunity, NPR1, as well as NPR1-independent virus defense genes. SA also induced the proteasome degradation of Pha13. Functional domain analysis revealed that AN1 domain of Pha13 is involved in expression of orchid NPR1 through its AN1 domain, whereas dual A20/AN1 domains orchestrated the overall virus resistance. Subcellular localization analysis suggested that Pha13 can be found localized in the nucleus. Self-ubiquitination assay revealed that Pha13 confer E3 ligase activity, and the main E3 ligase activity was mapped to the A20 domain. Identification of Pha13 interacting proteins and substrate by yeast two-hybrid screening revealed mainly ubiquitin proteins. Further detailed biochemical analysis revealed that A20 domain of Pha13 binds to various polyubiquitin chains, suggesting that Pha13 may interact with multiple ubiquitinated proteins. Our findings revealed that Pha13 serves as an important regulatory hub in plant antiviral immunity, and uncover a delicate mode of immune regulation through the coordination of A20 and/or AN1 domains, as well as through the modulation of E3 ligase and ubiquitin chain binding activity of Pha13.
Downstream of the HOX genes: Explaining conflicting tumour suppressor and oncogenic functions in cancer (2022)

The HOX genes are a highly conserved group of transcription factors that have key roles in early development, but which are also highly expressed in most cancers. Many studies have found strong associative relationships between the expression of individual HOX genes in tumours and clinical parameters including survival. For the majority of HOX genes, high tumour expression levels seem to be associated with a worse outcome for patients, and in some cases, this has been shown to result from the activation of pro-oncogenic genes and pathways. However, there are also many studies that indicate a tumour suppressor role for some HOX genes, sometimes with conclusions that contradict earlier work. In this review, we have attempted to clarify the role of HOX genes in cancer by focusing on their downstream targets as identified in studies that provide experimental evidence for their activation or repression. On this basis, the majority of HOX genes would appear to have a pro-oncogenic function, with the notable exception of HOXD10, which acts exclusively as a tumour suppressor. HOX proteins regulate a wide range of target genes involved in metastasis, cell death, proliferation and angiogenesis, and activate key cell signalling pathways. Furthermore, for some functionally related targets, this regulation is achieved by a relatively small subgroup of HOX genes.
Melding software systems from reusable building blocks (1988)

This declarative language takes the best features from the three most popular reusability approaches, but overcomes their flaws. It supports language independence, component composition, and tailoring.
Evidence of Evolution Towards Left Midventricular Obstruction in Severe Anderson–Fabry Cardiomyopathy (2020)

Fabry cardiomyopathy can evolve over time towards a midventricular obstructive form due to massive LVH in classically affected men with significant diagnostic delay and severe LVH before enzyme replacement therapy initiation. This newly described cardiac phenotype could represent an adverse outcome of the disease.
Lack of PTC Gene(ret Proto-oncogene Rearrangement) in Human Thyroid Tumors. (1991)

PTC gene, which is derived from the rearranged form of the ret proto-oncogene, was originally discovered in human thyroid papillary carcinomas. This gene has been thought to act as a tumorigenetic factor in thyroid carcinoma, although the action of PTC oncogene products is still unknown. To study the frequency of the PTC gene present in human thyroid carcinomas, we investigated four cell lines derived from thyroid carcinoma and 22 thyroid tumor tissue specimens. The reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method was performed to detect putative PTC mRNA. The presence of the PTC gene in genomic DNA was analyzed by Southern blot hybridization. PTC mRNA was detected by the RT-PCR method in only one papillary carcinoma cell line (TPC-1 cell). Southern gel analysis confirmed the rearrangement of the ret proto-oncogene in this cell line. In the other three cell lines and 22 tumor tissue specimens, however, neither the PTC gene or mRNA was detected. These results demonstrate that the prevalence of the PTC gene in thyroid tumor is low and may not be essential for human thyroid tumorigenesis. That our present results conflict with previous reports may be due to general differences in genetic background among races.
One-Pot Synthesis of Biomass-Based Hierarchical Porous Carbons with a Large Porosity Development (2017)

A sustainable one-pot scheme for the synthesis of hierarchical porous carbons formed from biomass is developed herein. It is based on the carbonization of biomass-derived products (glucose, glucosamine, soya flour, and microalgae) in the presence of an activating agent (potassium oxalate) and calcium carbonate nanoparticles that form a hard template. During carbonization, double carbonates are formed in situ, which results in modifications in the morphology and size of the template nanoparticles, giving rise to a carbon material with an open macroporous foam-like structure rich in micro-/mesopores, the latter developing via a redox reaction between the carbon and potassium carbonate and also as a result of the reaction between the carbon and the evolved CO2. The porosity can be tailored by selecting an appropriate precursor. Thus, the carbon materials are basically micro-/macroporous in the case of glucose and glucosamine, and micro-/meso-/macroporous when soya flour and microalgae are used. A direct relationship is observed between the amount of nitrogen present in the precursor and mesopore development. Hence, the addition of urea to the mixture of glucose and potassium oxalate and CaCO3 nanoparticles also yields micro-/meso-/macroporous carbons. The materials synthesized at 800 °C have large surface areas in the ∼1800–3100 m2/g range. At 750 °C, the materials synthesized from N-rich biomass combine ultralarge surface areas of 2400–3050 m2/g and a remarkable N-doping (2–3 wt % N). This combination of textural and chemical properties is highly appealing for many energy-related applications and also for adsorption-based processes.
Erratum: ‘‘Spatial hole burning and self-focusing in vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser diodes’’ [Appl. Phys. Lett. 64, 542 (1994)] (1994)

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Zonisamide improves motor function in Parkinson disease (2007)

Zonisamide is safe, effective and well tolerated at 25 to 100 mg/day as an adjunctive treatment in patients with Parkinson disease.
Macromolecular modification of EPDM: Wettability, miscibility, and morphology study (2001)

Abstract The present investigation deals with studies on wettability, miscibility, and morphology of the macromolecularly modified EPDM. Two different maleated EPDM rubbers (grafted rubber) were chosen (0.5 and 1% maleation) for such modification and they were used in various proportions. Wettability of the rubber substrate, as observed from dynamic contact angle measurement, was improved using these grafted rubbers. Results of X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed an increase in oxygen level with higher levels of grafted rubber in the blends. Morphology study by transmission electron microscopy showed a smaller domain size for the blend with higher maleic anhydride content in the grafted rubber. The viscosity versus blend ratio results showed a negative deviation behavior for blends with 1% grafted rubber, whereas a positive negative deviation behavior was observed in blends with 0.5% grafted EPDM. As the strength of interaction increased, the glass transition shifted to a higher temperature. All blends were heterogeneous, as indicated by different degrees of dispersion. © 2001 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 80: 2647–2661, 2001
Titanium powder production by halidothermic reduction; Haraido netsu kangenho ni yoru funmatsu chitan no seizo (1998)

Instead of the conventional metallic reductant, halide salt has been tested as a reductant for producing titanium powder directly from TiCl4. Using various thermodynamic data, DyCl2 was found to be suitable for the halidothermic reduction of TiCl4. When TiCl4 was fed into DyCl2 single salt or DyCl2 containing molten salts at 1073 K, fine titanium powder of several ten micron meters in diameter was obtained. In contrast to the sponge titanium produced by the conventional Kroll process, the present new process using halidothermic reduction appears to hold promise in reducing difficulties by making titanium powder without precipitation of sponge titanium on the metallic container. From the thermodynamic point of view, the resultant DyCl3 can be reduced to DyCl2 by magnesium. These particular features enable us to give possibility of the production of titanium powder directly from TiCl4 as well as the development of a new continuous titanium reduction process by adding reaction mediator in the Kroll process. 29 refs., 7 figs., 5 tabs.
Revealing the Autonomous System Taxonomy: The Machine Learning Approach (2006)

Although the Internet AS-level topology has been extensively studied over the past few years, little is known about the details of the AS taxonomy. An AS "node" can represent a wide variety of organizations, e.g., large ISP, or small private business, university, with vastly different network characteristics, external connectivity patterns, network growth tendencies, and other properties that we can hardly neglect while working on veracious Internet representations in simulation environments. In this paper, we introduce a radically new approach based on machine learning techniques to map all the ASes in the Internet into a natural AS taxonomy. We successfully classify 95.3% of ASes with expected accuracy of 78.1%. We release to the community the AS-level topology dataset augmented with: 1) the AS taxonomy information and 2) the set of AS attributes we used to classify ASes. We believe that this dataset will serve as an invaluable addition to further understanding of the structure and evolution of the Internet.
Postoperative nomogram predicting risk of recurrence after radical hysterectomy for early-stage cervical cancer. (2010)

We have developed a nomogram that can predict the recurrence risk in patients with early-stage cervical cancer after surgery, which was internally and externally validated.
Smoking Patterns, Depression, and Sociodemographic Variables Among Flemish Women During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period (2013)

A wide variety of smoking patterns were observed during pregnancy and early postpartum. Smoking patterns were associated with depression and showed complex interactions with educational level. Assessment and intervention for both smoking and depression are needed throughout the perinatal period to support the health of mothers, their infants, and families.
A Theoretical Analysis on Dynamic and Static Characteristics of Control Strategies for Wayside Energy Storage System in DC-electrified Railway (2018)

Wayside Energy Storage Systems (WESSs) are studied for energy saving of railway system. To maximize the energy saving effect of WESSs, a power control strategy which realize higher charge/discharge power is necessary. Currently, Current Based Control, which regulates current of ESDs, and Voltage Based Control, which regulates DC input voltage are generally applied. However, the difference of the dynamic characteristics between Voltage Based Control and Current Based Control has not discussed before. The aim of this paper is to compare the dynamic characteristics of Voltage Based Control and Current Based Control. First of all, a theoretical analysis on dynamic characteristics of both control strategies is carried out. This analysis revealed the maximum limitation of a control gain, which has an impact on the energy saving, for each control strategy. Utilizing these maximum control gain, an analysis on the static characteristics is performed to verify the energy saving effect for each control strategy. As a result, an advantage of Voltage Based Control is verified from the viewpoint of contribution to energy saving in DC-electrified railway system.