gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Decreased calpain activity in chronic myeloid leukemia impairs apoptosis by increasing survivin in myeloid progenitors and xiap1 in differentiating granulocytes (2017)

Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) is characterized by translocations between chromosomes 9 and 22, resulting in expression of Bcr-abl oncogenes. Although the clinical course of CML was revolutionized by development of Bcr-abl-directed tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), CML is not cured by these agents. Specifically, the majority of subjects relapsed in clinical trials attempting TKI discontinuation, suggesting persistence of leukemia stem cells (LSCs) even in molecular remission. Identifying mechanisms of CML-LSC persistence may suggest rationale therapeutic targets to augment TKI efficacy and lead to cure. Apoptosis resistance is one proposed mechanism. In prior studies, we identified increased expression of Growth Arrest Specific 2 (Gas2; a Calpain inhibitor) in Bcr-abl<sup>+</sup> bone marrow progenitor cells. A number of previously described Calpain substrates might influence apoptosis in CML, including βcatenin and the X-linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein 1 (Xiap1). We previously found Gas2/Calpain dependent stabilization of βcatenin in CML, and increased expression of βcatenin target genes, including Survivin (also an IAP). In the current work, we investigate contributions of Survivin and Xiap1 to Fas-resistance in Bcr-abl<sup>+</sup> bone marrow cells. Inhibitors of these proteins are currently in clinical trials for other malignancies, but a role for either IAP in CML-LSC persistence is unknown.
Automatic assessment of Parkinson's Disease from natural hands movements using 3D depth sensor (2014)

Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a degenerative disease of the central nervous system with a profound effect on the motor system. Symptoms include slowness of movement, rigidity of motion and in some patients, tremor. The severity of the disease is quantified using the Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) which is a subjective scale performed and scored by physicians. In this work, we present an automated, objective quantitative analysis of four UPDRS motor examinations of Hand Movement and Finger Taps. For this purpose, a non-invasive system for recording and analysis of fine motor skills of hands was developed. The system is based on a simple low-cost depth acquisition sensor, similar to the second generation of Microsoft's Kinect sensor, and novel recursive self-correcting hand tracking algorithm. The system allows patients to perform test tasks in a natural and unhindered manner. The evaluation of the system was carried out on PD patients and controls. Machine Learning based classification was performed on the acquired data, followed by a decision making scheme.
Fe-vacancy ordering in superconducting K1−xFe2−ySe2: first-principles calculations and Monte Carlo simulations (2015)

Fe vacancies in the 33 K superconductor K<sub>1–x</sub>Fe<sub>2–y</sub>Se<sub>2</sub> show ordering schemes that may be correlated with its superconducting properties. First-principles calculations and kinetic Monte Carlo simulations lead to a very simple model for vacancy ordering. Repulsive dipolar interactions between Fe vacancies show three ground states: a $\sqrt{8}\times \sqrt{10}$ rhombus-ordered structure for 12.5% vacancies, a $\sqrt{5}\times \sqrt{5}$ squared lattice for 20% vacancies, and a $\sqrt{5}\times \sqrt{5}$ rhombus-ordered structure for 25% vacancies. Other structural states are derived from these three ground states and may contain additional disordered spatial regions. As a result, the repulsive interaction between Fe vacancies arises from enhanced Fe–Se covalent bonds, which differs from the well-known attractive interaction of Fe vacancies in body-centered cubic Fe.
Targeted Venous Occlusion Using Pulsed High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound (2009)

Targeted vascular occlusion is desirable for clinical therapies such as in the treatment of esophageal and gastric varices and varicose veins. The feasibility of ultrasound-mediated endothelial damage for vascular occlusion was studied. A segment of a rabbit auricular vein was treated in vivo with low duty cycle, high peak rarefaction pressure (9 MPa) high-intensity focused ultrasound pulses in the presence of intravenously administered circulating microbubbles, followed by fibrinogen injection, which resulted in the formation of an acute occlusive intravascular thrombus. Further investigation and refinements of treatment protocols are necessary for producing durable vascular occlusion.
Autonomous and sustainable machine learning: pursuing new horizons of intelligent systems (2023)

The paradigm of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning has resulted in an amazingly diverse plethora of models operating in various environments and quite often exhibiting numerous successes. There is a growing spectrum of challenging application areas of high criticality where one has to meet a number of fundamental requirements. Those manifest evidently when Machine Learning constructs have to function autonomously and any decisions being rendered entail far reaching implications. The carefully crafted learning process has to result with advanced models. Along with the developed models, they have to come hand-in-hand with credibility measures that are crucial to assess an extent to which the results generated by such measures are meaningful, trustworthy and credible. The credibility of the Machine Learning models becomes of paramount importance given the nature of application domains. Autonomous systems including autonomous vehicles, user identification (both using audio and video channels), financial systems (calling for sound mechanisms to quantify risk levels) require the ML system making classification or prediction decisions some level of self-awareness. Among others, this translates to forming sound answers to the following crucial questions emerging within the design process: How much confidence could be associated with the result? Could any action /decision be taken on a basis of obtained result? Given the reported level of credibility, is there any other experimental evidence one could acquire to validate the decision? In this study, we advocate that a general way to achieve such goals is to engage the mechanism of Granular Computing; subsequently, the granularity endowing the results are sought as a vehicle use to quantify the credibility level. Sustainable (or green) Machine Learning gives rise to the agenda of knowledge reuse, namely exploring possibilities of potential reuse of the already designed models in a spectrum of current environments where computing overhead as one of the ways to contribute to the agenda of sustainable Machine Learning and discuss a crucial role of information granularity in this context.
Implication of Blood Flow in Hyperthermic Treatment of Tumors (1984)

Tumor blood flow varies significantly depending on the type, age, and size of tumors. Furthermore, the distribution of blood perfusion in tumors is quite heterogeneous. Blood flow in tumors may or may not be greater than that in the surrounding normal tissues at normothermic conditions. When heated at 41-430C, tumor blood flow either remains unchanged or increases slightly, usually by a factor of less than 2. The newly formed tumor vessels appear to be so vulnerable to heat that the blood flow decreases at 42-43' C in most of the animal tumors studied so far. By contrast, the blood flow in normal tissues, e. g., skin and muscle, increases by a factor of 3-20 upon heating at 42-450C. Consequently, the heat dissipation by blood flow becomes greater in normal tissues than in tumors during heating, and thereby a greater temperature rise in tumors may occur, resulting in greater damage in tumor relative to normal tissues. The intrinsically acidic intratumor environment becomes further acidic upon heating and accentuates the thermal damage on the tumor cells. Blood perfusion appears to be implicated in such a heat-induced increase in the intratumor acidity.
Quantification of Unmethylated Alu (QUAlu): a tool to assess global hypomethylation in routine clinical samples (2016)

Hypomethylation of DNA is a hallmark of cancer and its analysis as tumor biomarker has been proposed, but its determination in clinical settings is hampered by lack of standardized methodologies. Here, we present QUAlu (Quantification of Unmethylated Alu), a new technique to estimate the Percentage of UnMethylated Alu (PUMA) as a surrogate for global hypomethylation. QUAlu consists in the measurement by qPCR of Alu repeats after digestion of genomic DNA with isoschizomers with differential sensitivity to DNA methylation. QUAlu performance has been evaluated for reproducibility, trueness and specificity, and validated by deep sequencing. As a proof of use, QUAlu has been applied to a broad variety of pathological examination specimens covering five cancer types. Major findings of the preliminary application of QUAlu to clinical samples include: (1) all normal tissues displayed similar PUMA; (2) tumors showed variable PUMA with the highest levels in lung and colon and the lowest in thyroid cancer; (3) stools from colon cancer patients presented higher PUMA than those from control individuals; (4) lung squamous cell carcinomas showed higher PUMA than lung adenocarcinomas, and an increasing hypomethylation trend associated with smoking habits. In conclusion, QUAlu is a simple and robust method to determine Alu hypomethylation in human biospecimens and may be easily implemented in research and clinical settings.
Notes 08. Turbulence flow in thin film bearings : Characteristics and Modeling (2009)

The nature of turbulence. Turbulence equations in thin film flows. Turbulence flow models. The bulk-flow model of turbulence, Hirs’ and Moody’s friction factors.
High sensitivity integrated lateral detection in VCSELs (2005)

A simple and novel design for power monitoring, integrated in a VCSEL, is presented. A Schottky photodiode, placed close to the VCSEL, enables delivery of a photocurrent of several hundred µA from the lateral emitted light, throughout the whole light-current characteristics. It is shown that the Schottky contact significantly reduces the parasitic current in the cavity.
The Xenoserver computing infrastructure (2021)

The XenoServer project will build a public infrastructure for wide-area distributed computing. We envisage a world in which XenoServer execution platforms will be scattered across the globe and available for any member of the public to submit code for execution. Crucially, the code’s sponsor will be billed for all the resources used or reserved during its execution. This will encourage load balancing, limit congestion, and make the platform self-financing. Such a global infrastructure is essential to address the fundamental problem of communication latency. By enabling principals to run programs at points throughout the network they can ensure that their code executes close to the entities with which it interacts. As well as reducing latency this can be used to avoid network bottlenecks, to reduce long-haul network charges and to provide a network presence for transiently-connected mobile devices. This project will build and deploy a global XenoServer test-bed and make it available to authenticated external users; initially members of the scientific community and ultimately of the general public. In this environment accurate resource accounting and pricing is critical – whether in an actual currency or one that is fictitious. As with our existing work on OS resource management, pricing provides the feedback necessary for applications that can adapt, and prevents over-use by applications that cannot.
1191 (2012)

Case Reports: Levosimendan, a calcium sensitizer and inodilator, improves lusitropy and inotropy with minimal chronotropic effects. Despite these benefits, levosimendan has not been used extensively in the treatment of pediatric heart failure. Heart failure, defined as the inability to provide enough systemic oxygen delivery to meet the body’s metabolic needs, has been correlated with brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels. We describe our experience with levosimendan in an infant with decompensated heart failure using BNP levels as a surrogate for disease severity. A newborn diagnosed with pulmonary atresia, nearly intact ventricular septum, severe right ventricular hypoplasia, and diffuse coronary artery sinusoids underwent placement of a 5mm balloon expandable stent within the ductus arteriosus whose flow was then restricted using a 4mm band. The patient developed severe systolic and diastolic heart failure as manifested by large volume pleural effusions, renal failure, and anasarca and was listed for heart transplantation. After clinical improvements were not seen on dopamine and milrinone infusions, a levosimendan infusion was initiated at 0.1 mcg/kg/min and titrated to 0.2 mcg/kg/min for a 48 hour duration. Her baseline BNP level was 1530 pg/mL prior to the initiation of levosimendan therapy and decreased to 160 pg/mL following the initial infusion. Subsequent levosimendan infusions were administered weekly for a total of 6 courses, each of 48 hours duration, ultimately producing a BNP nadir of 32 pg/mL. Levosimendan is widely used in Europe for the treatment of acutely decompensated severe chronic heart failure. We believe this is one of the first reported cases trending BNP levels following multiple levosimendan infusions in an infant with heart failure. Although the patient ultimately expired from multiorgan failure, the decreased BNP levels suggested significantly improved heart function, particularly diastolic function. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the safety of multiple courses of levosimendan in pediatric patients with severe heart failure and its impact on heart function and clinical outcomes.
Delayed hypersensitivity to Trypanosoma cruzi in mice: specific suppressor cells in chronic infection. (1981)

In mice chronically infected with Trypanosoma cruzi there are antigen-specific suppressor cells which inhibit the development of delayed hypersensitivity (DTH) to T. cruzi antigen but not to an unrelated antigen, keyhole limpet haemocyanin (KLH). This was shown by comparing the 24 hr footpad reactivity, elicited by injection of soluble T. cruzi antigen, of infected mice with that of mice immunized with killed T. cruzi antigen after pretreatment with cyclophosphamide. In the latter, 24 hr footpad swelling represented a DTH reaction in that the cellular infiltrate was predominantly mononuclear and the reactivity could be transferred to normal recipients by lymphoid cells but not by serum. Chronically-infected mice also developed 24 hr footpad swelling but the fact that this was undiminished from an earlier 3 hr reaction and could not be transferred to normal recipients by either local or systemic injection of cells, as well as the histological features, all implied that it represented a prolonged Arthus reaction. The absence or minimal levels of specific DTH detectable in chronic T. cruzi infected mice was accompanied by the presence in their spleens of cells which specifically suppressed the generation of DTH to T. cruzi in normal mice. Suppressor cell activity was radioresistant (10 Gy/1000 rad) and T-cell mediated as defined by significantly decreased and increased suppression following anti-Thy 1.2 serum treatment and nylon wool fractionation, respectively. The ability of chronic T. cruzi mice to develop DTH to an unrelated antigen KLH was unimpaired.
Functional activation features of memory in successful agers across the adult lifespan (2022)

Much neuroimaging research has explored the neural mechanisms underlying successful cognitive aging. Two different patterns of functional activation, maintenance of youth-like activity and compensatory novel recruitment, have been proposed to represent different brain functional features underlying individual differences in cognitive aging. In this study, we investigated the functional features in individuals across the adult lifespan who appeared to resist age-related cognitive decline, in comparison to those with typical age-related declines, over the course of four years. We first implemented latent mixture modeling, a data-driven approach, to classify participants as successful and average agers in middle-aged, young-old, and very old groups, based on their baseline and longitudinal cognitive performance. Then, using fMRI with a subsequent memory paradigm at the follow-up visit, brain activation specifically related to successful encoding (i.e., subsequent memory effect: subsequently remembered with high confidence > subsequently forgotten) was compared between people who established successful cognitive aging versus average aging in the three age groups. Several differences in the subsequent memory effect were revealed. First, across core task-related regions commonly used during successful encoding, successful agers exhibited high subsequent memory effect, at a level comparable to the young control group, until very old age; in contrast, average agers showed reduced subsequent memory effect, compared to successful agers, beginning in young-old age when memory performance also reduced in average agers, compared to successful agers. Second, additional recruitment in prefrontal clusters, distant from the core task-related regions, were identified in the left superior frontal and right orbitofrontal cortices in successful agers of young-old age, possibly reflecting functional compensation in successful aging. In summary, successful agers demonstrate a pattern of youth-like activation spanning from middle age to young-old age, as well as novel frontal recruitment in young-old age. Overall, our study demonstrated evidence of two neural patterns related to successful cognitive aging, offering an integrated view of functional features underlying successful aging, and suggests the importance of studying individuals across the lifespan to understand brain changes occurring in mid and early-late life.
Vapor pressure and evaporation coefficient of glycerol (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTVapor pressure and evaporation coefficient of glycerolHeiko K. Cammenga, Friedrich W. Schulze, and Wilhelm TheuerlCite this: J. Chem. Eng. Data 1977, 22, 2, 131–134Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/je60073a004https://doi.org/10.1021/je60073a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2661Altmetric-Citations79LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
[Human papillomavirus genotype distribution in invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix in Mongolian women in inner Mongolia autonomy region]. (2008)

HPV infection is closely correlated with invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix in Mongolia women. HPV16 is the most important genotype in invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix, followed by HPV18, 31, and 39. HPV infection dose not affect the progression and differentiation of invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix.
NETT Regularization for Compressed Sensing Photoacoustic Tomography (2019)

We discuss several methods for image reconstruction in compressed sensing photoacoustic tomography (CS-PAT). In particular, we apply the deep learning method of [H. Li, J. Schwab, S. Antholzer, and M. Haltmeier. NETT: Solving Inverse Problems with Deep Neural Networks (2018), arXiv:1803.00092], which is based on a learned regularizer, for the first time to the CS-PAT problem. We propose a network architecture and training strategy for the NETT that we expect to be useful for other inverse problems as well. All algorithms are compared and evaluated on simulated data, and validated using experimental data for two different types of phantoms. The results on the one the hand indicate great potential of deep learning methods, and on the other hand show that significant future work is required to improve their performance on real-word data.
In Vitro Dissolution Test for Benzoic Acid Tablets and Prednisolone Tablets in Column-type Method (1976)

In vitro dissolution test in column-type method or rotating basket method and disintegration test were carried out for slowly dissolving experimental benzoic acid tablets (I) and commercial prednisolone tablets (II). Plain net was tried for prevention of adhesion of tablets on the bottom of the column, but that increased the values.(II) were apt to float in the column. To prevent floating, the tablets were covered with a convex net, and the coefficient of variation values decreased. The dissolution rate of (I) has a correlation with revolution per min. in the rotating basket method and with flow rate in the column-type method. The column-type method enables to record a differential curves of dissolution and is so sensitive as to detect fine differences between tablets. At the same time the method requires long time of experiment and sometimes causes clogging of filter which results in the change in the flow rate of materials.
Evidence for Substantial Variations of Atmospheric Hydroxyl Radicals in the Past Two Decades (2001)

The hydroxyl radical (OH) is the dominant oxidizing chemical in the atmosphere. It destroys most air pollutants and many gases involved in ozone depletion and the greenhouse effect. Global measurements of 1,1,1-trichloroethane (CH3CCl3, methyl chloroform) provide an accurate method for determining the global and hemispheric behavior of OH. Measurements show that CH3CCl3 levels rose steadily from 1978 to reach a maximum in 1992 and then decreased rapidly to levels in 2000 that were lower than the levels when measurements began in 1978. Analysis of these observations shows that global OH levels were growing between 1978 and 1988, but the growth rate was decreasing at a rate of 0.23 +/- 0.18% year(-2), so that OH levels began declining after 1988. Overall, the global average OH trend between 1978 and 2000 was -0.64 +/- 0.60% year(-1). These variations imply important and unexpected gaps in current understanding of the capability of the atmosphere to cleanse itself.
Infected Pancreatic Pseudocysts With Colonic Fistula Formation Successfully Managed by Endoscopic Drainage Alone: Report of Two Cases (2000)

Fistulization of pancreatic pseudocysts into surrounding viscera is a well-known phenomenon and usually requires surgical management. We report two cases of pancreatic pseudocysts that developed spontaneous fistulas to the colon with resulting fever and abdominal pain. The patients were managed nonoperatively with a combination of endoscopic drainage and antibiotics, and their pseudocysts and fistulas resolved. The patients have remained symptom-free for a mean of 14 months of follow-up.