gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Axin-like protein PRY-1 is a negative regulator of a canonical Wnt pathway in C. elegans (2002)

Axin, APC, and the kinase GSK3 beta are part of a destruction complex that regulates the stability of the Wnt pathway effector beta-catenin. In C. elegans, several Wnt-controlled developmental processes have been described, but an Axin ortholog has not been found in the genome sequence and SGG-1/GSK3 beta, and the APC-related protein APR-1 have been shown to act in a positive, rather than negative fashion in Wnt signaling. We have shown previously that the EGL-20/Wnt-dependent expression of the homeobox gene mab-5 in the Q neuroblast lineage requires BAR-1/beta-catenin and POP-1/Tcf. Here, we have investigated how BAR-1 is regulated by the EGL-20 pathway. First, we have characterized a negative regulator of the EGL-20 pathway, pry-1. We show that pry-1 encodes an RGS and DIX domain-containing protein that is distantly related to Axin/Conductin. Our results demonstrate that despite its sequence divergence, PRY-1 is a functional Axin homolog. We show that PRY-1 interacts with BAR-1, SGG-1, and APR-1 and that overexpression of PRY-1 inhibits mab-5 expression. Furthermore, pry-1 rescues the zebrafish axin1 mutation masterblind, showing that it can functionally interact with vertebrate destruction complex components. Finally, we show that SGG-1, in addition to its positive regulatory role in early embryonic Wnt signaling, may function as a negative regulator of the EGL-20 pathway. We conclude that a highly divergent destruction complex consisting of PRY-1, SGG-1, and APR-1 regulates BAR-1/beta-catenin signaling in C. elegans.
Lipase‐catalyzed incorporation of oleic acid into melon seed oil (1997)

Abstract The ability of lipase PS30 ( Pseudomonas sp.) to modify the fatty acid profile of melon seed oil by incorporation of oleic acid (18:1n‐9) was investigated. The transesterification was carried out in hexane in an orbital shaking water bath at 55°C for 24 h with methyl oleate (70% pure) as acyl donor. Oleic acid content increased from 13.5% to 53%, and linoleic acid (18:2n‐6) content decreased from 65% to 33%. The incorporation of oleic acid into melon seed oil by Pseudomonas sp. lipase helped balance the fatty acid profile of the oil in terms of monounsaturated (18:1n‐9) and essential fatty acids (18:2n‐6).
Identification of Glutamic Acid 381 as a Candidate Active Site Residue of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Exoenzyme S (1996)

Exoenzyme S of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ExoS) is a member of the family of bacterial ADP-ribosylating exotoxins (bAREs). Site-directed mutagenesis of glutamic acids within the catalytic domain of ExoS (termed delta N222) allowed the identification of the preferential inactivation of ADP-ribosyltransferase activity by alanine substitution of E381. The specific activity of E381A mutant was 0.02% of wild-type delta N222. Delta N222(E381A) retained the requirement of factor activating exoenzyme S (FAS) activation for the expression of ADP-ribosyltransferase activity. In contrast, E387A, E399A, and E414A mutants possessed ADP-ribosyltransferase activity similar to that of wild-type delta N222. Kinetic evaluation of E381A and two other mutants, E381D and E381S, showed that their primary defect was a lower kcat in the ADP-ribosylation of soybean trypsin inhibitor (SBTI). The Km for NAD and SBTI and activation by FAS varied 2- and 10-fold relative to delta N222. In addition, the E381 mutants possessed identical protease patterns during thrombin and trypsin digestion as delta N222, which indicated that E381 mutants had retained their overall conformation. Together, these data identify E381 as contributing to the catalytic activity of exoenzyme S.
Canine vaccine recipients recognize an immunodominant region of the rabies virus glycoprotein (2002)

To investigate the immune response to anti-rabies vaccination in the principal recipient (the domestic dog), four truncated fragments of the rabies virus glycoprotein were expressed as glutathione S-transferase fusion proteins. Immune sera from vaccinated rabbits and dogs were then used to probe for reactivity with these expressed proteins. In two rabbits and four dogs tested, the dominant antibody response to non-conformational antigenic sites appeared to be directed to a region of the glycoprotein between amino acids 222 and 332. The N-terminal fragment of the glycoprotein was also significantly antigenic. Further studies to assess whether the antibody response to the internal domain could neutralize the rabies Challenge Virus Standard (CVS) strain, using antibody depletion, suggested that this fraction did contribute to the ability of post-vaccination sera to neutralize and therefore protect against infection.
Advanced Radars for Railway Crossing Area Safety Improvement (2016)

Level crossings are critical elements of railway networks where a large number of accidents take place every year. With the&#13;\nrecent enforcement of new and higher-safety standards for railway transportation systems, dedicated and reliable technologies&#13;\nfor level crossing surveillance must be introduced in order to comply with the safety requirements. In this context, multi-static&#13;\nradars exploiting the ultrawide-band (UWB) technology represents a promising solution to save lives and, at the same time, to&#13;\navoid costly false alarms. In particular, by taking advantage of the large bandwidth, the capability of detecting, localizing and&#13;\ndiscriminating the vehicle/obstacle that might be entrapped in a level crossing area can be obtained. To this purpose, we propose&#13;\na hybrid approach combining the multi-static radar and mono-static imaging scanner concepts able to detect and localize the&#13;\nobstacle, as well as to roughly estimate its volume and shape, thus avoiding the deployment of moving transmitters or a large&#13;\namount of antennas.
Characteristics of the electromechanical response and polarization of electric field biased ferroelectrics (1995)

The electromechanical and dielectric responses of ferroelectric materials near paraelectric–ferroelectric (PF) phase transitions are examined both experimentally and theoretically. It is shown that the type of PF transition, i.e., first order and continuous transitions, and diffused phase transition found in relaxor ferroelectrics, has marked effect on the electromechanical and dielectric response behavior for materials under electric field bias. It is demonstrated that an exceptionally large piezoelectric and electromechanical response can be achieved in materials with a first order PF transition. For example, in Ba1−xSrxTiO3 (x∼0.35) ceramics at room temperature, a piezoelectric d33 larger than 1500 pm/V with very little frequency dispersion can be obtained.
Long-term safety with ≥12 months of pirtobrutinib in relapsed/refractory (R/R) B-cell malignancies. (2023)

7513 Background: While Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BTKi) can induce sustained remissions, ongoing response requires continuous treatment and thus long-term safety/tolerability is critical for adherence, maintaining dose intensity, and delivering maximum efficacy. Pirtobrutinib is a highly selective, non-covalent (reversible) BTKi approved by the FDA in January 2023 for R/R mantle cell lymphoma after 2 prior lines of therapy including a BTKi. Pirtobrutinib has demonstrated promising efficacy with low discontinuation and dose reduction rates in patients (pts) with multiple subtypes of R/R B-cell malignancies. However, the long-term safety and tolerability of pirtobrutinib has not yet been reported. Here we report the clinical safety in pts with long-term (≥12 months) pirtobrutinib treatment from the phase 1/2 BRUIN trial. Methods: Pts with R/R B-cell malignancies who received ≥12 months of pirtobrutinib were included. Median time to onset, dose reduction, discontinuation, and cumulative incidence rates were determined for treatment emergent adverse event (TEAE) that occurred in ≥20% of pts and select AE of interest associated with BTKi. Results: As of 29 July 2022, 773 pts were enrolled, and 326 (42%) pts received treatment for ≥12 months. Among these 326 pts, median time on treatment was 19 months (IQR: 16,25), with 231 (71%) remaining on pirtobrutinib. The most common TEAE (all grade, regardless of attribution) in this long-term 326 pt cohort were fatigue (32%), diarrhea (31%), Covid-19 (29%), contusion (26%), cough (25%), and back pain (21%). TEAE leading to dose reduction or discontinuation occurred in 23 (7%) and 11 (3%) pts, respectively. Four (1%) pts discontinued due to a treatment-related AE, and 1 pt had a fatal treatment-related AE (Covid-19 pneumonia). Select AE of interest for the long-term pts are shown in the Table. Comprehensive safety analyses describing the frequency of TEAE over time will be presented. Conclusions: Prolonged pirtobrutinib therapy continues to demonstrate a safety profile amenable to long-term administration at the recommended dose without evidence of new or worsening toxicity signals. The safety and tolerability observed in pts on therapy for ≥12 months was similar to previously published safety analyses on all pts enrolled regardless of follow-up. Clinical trial information: NCT03740529 . [Table: see text]
The ribosomal database project (RDP-II): introducing myRDP space and quality controlled public data (2006)

Substantial new features have been implemented at the Ribosomal Database Project in response to the increased importance of high-throughput rRNA sequence analysis in microbial ecology and related disciplines. The most important changes include quality analysis, including chimera detection, for all available rRNA sequences and the introduction of myRDP Space, a new web component designed to help researchers place their own data in context with the RDP's data. In addition, new video tutorials describe how to use RDP features. Details about RDP data and analytical functions can be found at the RDP-II website (http://rdp.cme.msu.edu/).
Capturing the experiences of clinicians implementing a new brief intervention for parents and children who have experienced family violence in Australia (2021)

Family violence (FV) affects one in four families. While the evidence regarding therapeutic interventions for children and families who experience FV is expanding, little research has been conducted about clinicians' experiences of implementation. The current study aimed to capture the voices of clinicians delivering a brief dyadic intervention for women and their children after FV exposure. The Brief Relational Intervention and Screening (BRISC) is an evidence-informed intervention designed by Berry Street (Australia) for mothers and children with recent experiences of FV. Consisting of four sessions, BRISC was implemented across one regional and one metropolitan site. Thirteen BRISC clinicians participated in semi-structured interviews individually or in a focus group. Thematic analysis of transcripts was conducted using NVivo. Clinicians considered key strengths of BRISC to be related to the intervention principles, including the hopeful and relationship-focused approach, the intervention implementation such as the timing, structure and flexibility, as well as the systems and processes in place, such as intake and triage, supervision structure and their team environment. Challenges described by clinicians included aspects of delivery such as limited referral options and safety concerns, the nature of the program including the mechanics of delivery and specific role challenges such as vicarious trauma. Clinicians also shared suggestions for improvements for delivery, supervision and training. This study emphasises the importance of clinician perspectives when identifying factors that can promote the successful implementation of innovative interventions in real-world community settings.
The equivalence of van der Ziel and BSIM4 models in modeling the induced gate noise of MOSFETs (2002)

This paper is the first independent comparison between BSIM4 and the van der Ziel models for induced gate noise. Despite the very different modeling strategies, BSIM4 successfully reproduces the classical van der Ziel model, introducing only small errors in the correlated noise term. In the case of practical circuits, noticeable errors usually arise for very low gate bias conditions yet the errors are acceptably small. Therefore, the two models can be considered as being equivalent to each other in most practical circuits, including nongrounded source conditions of operation.
[Is resistance of human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV) to nucleoside analogs an indication for their combined use?]. (1993)

HIV resistance to nucleoside analogues such as zidovudine (AZT) is to date a source of concern, even if its clinical significance is yet to be determined. Phenotypic and genotypic data concerning HIV resistance will be presented, then the potential benefits of nucleoside combinations will be discussed.
A Simple Method for Improved Assay Demonstrates that HIV p24 Antigen Is Present as Immune Complexes in Most Sera from HIV-Infected Individuals (1990)

Improved detection and quantitation of p24 antigen of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in sera was obtained by pH 2.5-3.0 pretreatment of samples before using a standard HIV p24 antigen ELISA. Pretreatment dissociated immune complexes and denatured antibodies with little or no compromise of p24 antigen immunoreactivity. For 652 HIV antibody-positive sera, direct comparison of the pretreatment with the conventional assay demonstrated substantial increase in both antigen positivity (50.6% vs. 12.4%) and in the level of p24 antigen in sera. Serum HIV antigen is mainly in the form of immune complexes in most individuals at all stages of HIV infection. Longitudinal study of 1 year (three measurements) on 29 seroconverters demonstrated two main patterns of p24 antigen expression in sera: 34.5% of infected individuals never express any form of detectable HIV antigen and 58.6% persistently demonstrate serum p24 antigen, usually in complex with antibody. Only 6.9% show episodic p24 antigen positivity.
Analysis of the SPEKE Password-Authenticated Key Exchange Protocol (2004)

In this letter, we show that for the SPEKE password-authenticated key exchange protocol, an adversary is able to test multiple possible passwords using a single impersonation attempt. In particular, when passwords are short Personal Identification Numbers (PINs), we show that a fully-constrained SPEKE is susceptible to password guessing attack. Our analysis contradicts the claim that the SPEKE protocol appears to be at least as strong as the Bellovin-Merritt EKE protocol. For EKE, an adversary can gain information about at most one possible password in each impersonation attempt.
Antibody avidity following varicella‐zoster virus infections (1991)

The avidity of IgG antibodies following varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infections was investigated using urea treatment of antigen-bound serum antibody by indirect radioimmunoassay (RIA) and immunoblotting techniques. Sequential sera from 16 patients with varicella and 17 patients with zoster were tested, as well as sera from 80 seropositive individuals without a recent history of VZV disease. Both types of assay showed that low-avidity antibodies predominate early after primary infection, but that antibody avidity increases markedly during convalescence. Using RIA, all sera taken up to 12 weeks after the onset of varicella showed greater than 50% reduction in antibody titre after treatment with 8 M urea but thereafter the proportion of urea resistant antibody increased with time. In contrast, after recurrent infection, high avidity antibodies were found to predominate at all times. Only 6 of 47 sera tested from zoster cases showed greater than 30% reduction after urea treatment and all these were taken within 2 weeks after onset of rash. Immunoblotting also showed that the highly immunogenic p32/p36 nucleoproteins appear to induce predominantly low avidity antibodies, even after recurrent VZV infection. The results of this study indicate that treatment with 8 M urea in RIA for IgG antibodies may be a simple and reliable method for distinguishing primary and anamnestic antibody responses against VZV.
Dipicolylamine as a unique structural switching element for helical peptides (2012)

Developing novel methods for metal-induced switching of peptide structures expands the design principles of functional biomolecules and biomaterials. Here, a simple method for on-resin synthesis of dipicolylamine (Dpa)-containing peptides was developed. Whereas addition of divalent metal ions such as Fe(ii) and Cu(ii) to a peptide bearing a pair of Dpa moieties at the i and i + 4 positions led to the formation of a 1:1 complex of Dpa with metals, addition of Ni(ii) yielded a cross-linked structure of Dpa-metal (2:1). This feature was utilized for the selective detection of Ni(ii) using the peptide-Fe(ii) complex. Repeated switching of the helical structure was also achieved by multiple additions of divalent metal ions to the peptide.
Optimal Bidding Strategy for a RES Virtual Power Plant in the Spot Market (2019)

Recently, the penetration of renewable energy source(RES) have been growing globally, encouraged by environmental policies and low-carbon energy policies. Due to the volatility and uncertainty of renewable energy output, it is very difficult to bid in the market alone. To solve this problem, combining wind power(WP), photovoltaic(PV) and power storage units to form a virtual power plant(VPP) is an effective path to stabilize the output deviation and promote renewable energy consumption. In this paper, a VPP consists of wind power generation, photovoltaic generation, power storage units and load are enabled to participate in the wholescale markets, including day-ahead(DA) market and real-time(RT) market. The objective of the VPP in this paper is to maximize the profit on DA and RT market. To achieve this goal, an optimal bidding model is proposed. In this model, several important market uncertainties are considered, consisting of RES generation, DA market price and RT market price. A fuzzy optimization method is applied to deal with the uncertainty of RES generation. Moreover, the uncertainties of DA market price and RT market price are handled by a robust optimization. Finally, an example is given to verify the effectiveness of the bidding strategy.
Micromachined elevated CPWs for high-performance microwave circuits (2006)

In this paper, micromachined elevated coplanar waveguides (ECPWs) based on CMOS-grade silicon with a thin film interface are presented. The respective signal lines for the ECPWs are 10 µm elevated into the air with supporting conductors so as to obtain low attenuation characteristics. For the designed ECPWs, it has been shown that a low loss transmission line is obtainable compared to the conventional CPW and a very low effective dielectric constant close to 2 could be realized by confining most of the electromagnetic fields in the lossless air layer. The overlapped configuration with an elevated signal line placed partially above the planar ground planes on the thin film interface yielded the best attenuation performance, i.e., about 0.29 dB mm−1 at 20 GHz. In addition, a Chebyshev low-pass filter (LPF) with 0.5 dB ripple is designed on the basis of the high-Z0 and low-Z0 ECPWs, and fabricated using the surface micromaching technique. The measured data show good agreement with the predicted values. It is expected that the suggested ECPWs can be applied to high-performance microwave/millimeterwave circuits by employing low-cost silicon surface micromachining technology.
Investigation of Damage to Multilayer Optics in X-Ray Laser Cavities: W/C, WRe/C, WC/C, Stainless-Steel/C, and Cr3C2/C Mirrors (1992)

In many applications, multilayer mirrors are exposed to damaging fluences of x rays. In x-ray laser cavities intense optical and broad-band x radiation, from the x-ray laser plasma amplifier, can damage multilayer mirrors on time scales of hundreds of picoseconds. We describe experiments using short duration (500 ps) bursts of soft x rays from a laser produced gold plasma to damage multilayer mirrors designed to reflect wavelengths close to 45 Å at normal incidence. The effect of the damaging x-ray flux on normal incidence reflectivity was time resolved for W/C, WRe/C, WC/C, 303-stainless-steel/C, and Cr 3 C 2 /C multilayers. The damage thresholds of the different mirrors were compared, and the Cr 3 C 2 /C mirrors were found to be the most resilient. The outer layers of the multilayers were observed to expand slowly as x rays were absorbed, and a more rapid expansion then preceded the total loss of reflectivity, at temperatures well below the melting temperature of the mirror components. It is believed that the dominant expansion mechanism is a change in the amorphous carbon layers to a more graphitic structure. The data are fit quite well by a model that assumes expansion of up to 25% in the thickness of the outermost carbon layers, followed by intermixing of the hotter layers. The rapid expansion has been observed to occur in times from 40 to 150 ps and may be the fastest resolution to date of the phenomenon of graphitization. The integrated reflectivity of the mirrors was observed to increase by up to a factor of 2.5 as they damaged; this reflectivity increase may be consistent with a reduction in the layer roughness.
Sharp green electroluminescence from 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]quinoline-based light-emitting diodes (2000)

A multilayer organic light-emitting diode was fabricated using a fluorescent compound {6-N,N-diethylamino-1-methyl-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]quinoline} (PAQ–NEt2) doped into the hole-transporting layer of NPB {4,4′-bis[N-(1-naphthyl-1-)-N-phenyl-amino]-biphenyl}, with the TPBI {2,2′,2″-(1,3,5-phenylene)tris[1-phenyl-1H-benzimidazole]} as an electrontransporting material. At 16% PAQ–NEt2 doping concentration, the device gave a sharp, bright, and efficient green electroluminescence (EL) peaked at around 530 nm. The full width at half maximum of the EL is 60 nm, which is 60% of the green emission from typical NPB/AlQ [where AlQ=tris(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum] device. For the same concentration, a maximum luminance of 37 000 cd/m2 was obtained at 10.0 V and the maximum power, luminescence, and external quantum efficiencies were obtained 4.2 lm/W, 6.0 cd/A, and 1.6%, respectively, at 5.0 V.
Major Histocompatibility Complex: Disease Associations (2003)

Abstract Human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) alleles can be used as markers for a wide variety of autoimmune and other disorders. The interpretation of and possible bases for these associations can be considered in relation to conserved extended MHC haplotypes.
Enhancement of the Oxidation Resistance of Carbon Fibres in C/C Composites via Surface Treatments (1997)

Experimental Preforms made of PAN based carbon fibres were used in this work. (a) Preforms were impregnated with 10 vol. % distilled water solution of orthophosphoric acid. The samples were then dried in air at 150°C for 2 hours and treated at 600°C under an argon atmosphere. In order to understand the chemical phenomena occurring between H3PO4 and carbon, C/C composite materials (tablets) were carefully polished and treated with a H3PO4 solution. (b) Preforms were coated with SiC using a methyltrichlorosilane (MTS)/H2 mixture (950°C-3 kPaH2/MTS=0,7). Thermogravimetric analyses (TGA) were performed on the treated preforms under argon or dry air atmospheres in the 650-1000°C temperature range. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), Raman and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies were carried on C/C composites polished surfaces.