gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Semantics-Aware Privacy Risk Assessment Using Self-Learning Weight Assignment for Mobile Apps (2018)

Most of the existing mobile application (app) vetting mechanisms only estimate risks at a coarse-grained level by analyzing app syntax but not semantics. We propose a semantics-aware privacy risk assessment framework (SPRisk), which considers the sensitivity discrepancy of privacy-related factors at semantic level. Our framework can provide qualitative (i.e., risk level) and quantitative (i.e., risk score) assessment results, both of which help users make decisions to install an app or not. Furthermore, to find the reasonable weight distribution of each factor automatically, we exploit a self-learning weight assignment method, which is based on fuzzy clustering and knowledge dependency theory. We implement a prototype system and evaluate the effectiveness of SPRisk with 192,445 normal apps and 7,111 malicious apps. A measurement study further reveals some interesting findings, such as the privacy risk distribution of Google Play Store, the diversity of official and unofficial marketplaces, which provide insights into understanding the seriousness of privacy threat in the Android ecosystem.
A Causal Feeling: How Kinesthetic Haptics Affects Causal Perception (2021)

While haptic feedback is vital to how we gather information in the world, most research on causal perception has focused on visual information. To assess how haptics affects people’s perception of causal events, we ran a psychophysical study modeled after Michotte’s launching paradigm. Participants watched trains move on the screen and judged whether one train caused the other to move, with half the trials providing 1-DoF kinesthetic haptic feedback synchronized to the motion of the second train. We manipulated the temporal offsets between when the first train stopped and the second train started. The results show that adding haptic feedback increases causal perception for events with positive offsets.
Total Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of (−)‐Englerin A and B: Synthesis of Analogues with Improved Activity Profile (2011)

The large-scale synthesis of englerin A (see scheme) and subsequent structure-activity relationship studies have led to the discovery of highly potent analogues. TBS=tert-butyldimethylsilyl. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Real-Time Automatic Apneic Event Detection Using Nocturnal Pulse Oximetry (2017)

Our study could be potentially useful in home-based multinight apneic event monitoring for purposes of therapeutic intervention and follow-up study on sleep apnea.
Microsurgical Spermatico-Epigastric Venous Anastomosis in the Treatment of Varicocele in Children: Assessment of Long-Term Patency (2003)

The results of this study demonstrate that microsurgical anastomosis between the internal spermatic vein, and the inferior epigastric vein remains competent in the long term, thus confirming the validity of this technique for the treatment of essential varicocele in children.
Yeast Prions: Protein Aggregation Is Not Enough (2004)

Although many proteins -- both damaged and normal -- have a tendency to aggregate, only some are capable of dividing and propagating. What does it take to turn a protein aggregate into an infectious prion?
Molecular genetic characterization and prenatal diagnosis in a family with Hunter disease. (1995)

Hunter disease, Mucopolysaccharidosis type II, is an X-linked recessive lysosomal storage disorder caused by a deficiency in iduronate sulfatase activity. We studied at molecular level a Neapolitan family with the disease. We report, in patient, the delta 139 mutation on the third exon of the gene, on female family members, the DNA analysis that allowed to assess or exclude their carrier status and on fetal DNA from a pregnancy of patient's mother, a prenatal diagnosis that resulted negative.
The usefulness of a single-pass batch dialysate delivery system for home hemodialysis. (1999)

家庭血液透析の至適透析液供給方式を検討した. 透析液の作製方式には, 連続的に作製するon-line式と, あらかじめ必要量を作製しておくbatch式があるが, 経済性と透析液組成の安定性の面で優れているbatch式を我々は採用した. 次に透析液の循環方式として, recirculation式とsingle-pass式を理論的に比較したところ, 透析効率はsingle-pass式のほうが高く, 血液流量 (Qb) が200ml/分, 透析器のoverall mass transfer-area coefficientが600ml/分のとき, 尿素分布容積30lで1週間当たりのKT/V=3.6を達成するのに, 240分週3回透析で60lの透析液が必要と考えられた. これらの結果に基づき, Qb 200ml/分・透析液流量 (Qd) 250ml/分のsingle-pass batch式週3回透析を, 2名の男性腎不全症例で行い, Qd 500ml/分の通常の透析と比較検討した. ダイアライザーには1.6m2のポリスルフォン膜を用いた. 透析効率の評価には, 尿素窒素 (UN) とクレアチニン (Cr) の溶質動態をvariable-volume two-compartment modelを用いて解析した. 二種類の透析治療の間で, 平均溶質濃度に有意差はみられなかったが, Qdの減少により, UNの不均衡補正後のKT/V (KT/Ve) は0.943から0.852へ10%低下し (P=0.053), CrのKT/Veは0.709から0.676へ5%低下した (P=0.153). このUNのKT/Veの低下は, 240分透析では30分の透析時間の延長で代償可能と考えられた.家庭透析の透析液供給方式としてQd 250ml/分のsingle-pass batch式は, 充分実用に耐えるものと考えられた. タンク容量は300分までの透析時間の延長も考慮して, 週3回透析で約80lが必要と思われた.
TREATMENT OF BLADDER CALCULI AT TIME OF HOLMIUM LASER ENUCLEATION OF THE PROSTATE: BENEFITS OF LASER FRAGMENTATION (2009)

You have accessJournal of Urology1 Apr 2009TREATMENT OF BLADDER CALCULI AT TIME OF HOLMIUM LASER ENUCLEATION OF THE PROSTATE: BENEFITS OF LASER FRAGMENTATION Amy E Krambeck, Shelly E Handa, and James E Lingeman Amy E KrambeckAmy E Krambeck More articles by this author , Shelly E HandaShelly E Handa More articles by this author , and James E LingemanJames E Lingeman More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(09)60372-4AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "TREATMENT OF BLADDER CALCULI AT TIME OF HOLMIUM LASER ENUCLEATION OF THE PROSTATE: BENEFITS OF LASER FRAGMENTATION." The Journal of Urology, 181(4S), p. 129 © 2009 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 181Issue 4SApril 2009Page: 129 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2009 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Amy E Krambeck More articles by this author Shelly E Handa More articles by this author James E Lingeman More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Fiber-optic interferometric sensor for the detection of acoustic emission within composite materials (1990)

An optical-fiber Michelson interferometric acoustic emission sensor is described. The sensor uses ordinary singlemode fiber and is embedded in the composite material under test. Signals are demodulated through the active homodyne. This system provides a novel approach for material nondestructive evaluation.
Internalization of Coxsackievirus A9 Is Mediated by β2-Microglobulin, Dynamin, and Arf6 but Not by Caveolin-1 or Clathrin (2010)

Coxsackievirus A9 (CAV9) is a member of the human enterovirus B species within the Enterovirus genus of the family Picornaviridae. It has been shown to utilize alphaV integrins, particularly alphaVbeta6, as its receptors. The endocytic pathway by which CAV9 enters human cells after the initial attachment to the cell surface has so far been unknown. Here, we present a systematic study concerning the internalization mechanism of CAV9 to A549 human lung carcinoma cells. The small interfering RNA (siRNA) silencing of integrin beta6 subunit inhibited virus proliferation, confirming that alphaVbeta6 mediates the CAV9 infection. However, siRNAs against integrin-linked signaling molecules, such as Src, Fyn, RhoA, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, and Akt1, did not reduce CAV9 proliferation, suggesting that the internalization of the virus does not involve integrin-linked signaling events. CAV9 endocytosis was independent of clathrin or caveolin-1 but was restrained by dynasore, an inhibitor of dynamin. The RNA interference silencing of beta2-microglobulin efficiently inhibited virus infection and caused CAV9 to accumulate on the cell surface. Furthermore, CAV9 infection was found to depend on Arf6 as both silencing of this molecule by siRNA and the expression of a dominant negative construct resulted in decreased virus infection. In conclusion, the internalization of CAV9 to A549 cells follows an endocytic pathway that is dependent on integrin alphaVbeta6, beta2-microglobulin, dynamin, and Arf6 but independent of clathrin and caveolin-1.
Arterial spin labeling versus BOLD in pharmacological fMRI (2014)

A carefully controlled study allowed us to compare the sensitivity of ASL (arterial spin labeling) and BOLD (blood oxygen level dependent) fMRI for detecting the effects of the adenosine A2a antagonist tozadenant in Parkinson disease . Only ASL detected the direct effect of tozadenant. BOLD was more sensitive to a cognitive task, which (unlike most drugs) allows on-off comparisons over short periods of time. Neither ASL nor BOLD could detect a cognitive-pharmacological interaction. These results are consistent with the known relative advantages of each fMRI method, and suggest that for drug development, directly imaging pharmacodynamic effects with ASL may have advantages over cognitive-pharmacological interaction BOLD, which has hitherto been the more common approach to pharmacological fMRI.
HLA‐A*0201 restricted CD8+ T‐lymphocyte responses to malaria: identification of new Plasmodium falciparum epitopes by IFN‐γ ELISPOT (2000)

The role of antigen specific CD8+ T-lymphocytes in mediating protection against sporozoite-induced malaria has been well established in murine models. In humans, indirect evidence has accumulated suggesting a similar protective role for antigen-specific CD8+ T-lymphocytes. Nevertheless, the low frequency of circulating specific cells together with the lack of sensitive methods to quantify them has hampered the direct assessment of their function. Using a combination of short-term cell culture and IFN-gamma ELISPOT, we studied CD8+ T-lymphocyte responses to a panel of HLA-A*0201 binding peptides. In addition to confirming the response to already described epitopes, we also identified five new CD8+ T-lymphocyte epitopes. These epitopes are presented in pre-erythrocytic stages gene products of Plasmodium falciparum 7G8 strain and correspond to the following protein segments: circumsporozoite (CS) 64-72, 104-113, 299-308 and 403-411; liver stage antigen (LSA-1) repeat region; sporozoite surface protein 2 or thrombospondin related anonymous protein (SSP2/TRAP) 78-88 and 504-513. Four of these peptides are conserved amongst all published sequences of P. falciparum strains. We conclude that the modified IFN-gamma ELISPOT assay is a sensitive technique to monitor antigen-specific CD8+ T-lymphocyte responses in human malaria which may help in the improvement and assessment of the efficacy of malaria subunit vaccines.
Phenome‐Wide Association Study of Autoantibodies to Citrullinated and Noncitrullinated Epitopes in Rheumatoid Arthritis (2016)

We demonstrated application of a bioinformatics method, the PheWAS, to screen for the clinical significance of RA-related autoantibodies. Using the PheWAS approach, we identified potentially significant links between variations in the levels of autoantibodies and comorbidities of interest in RA.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of N,N′‐Dimethoxycarbonyl‐S‐methylisothiourea with Substituted Ethylenediamine and 1,4‐Diaminobutane Derivatives. (1988)

Abstract The title reaction between the diamine (III) and the diester (IV) gives stereoselectively the imidazole (V).
Functional analysis of mutations in thePISgene, which encodesSaccharomyces cerevisiaephosphatidylinositol synthase (1995)

The PIS gene for an enzyme phosphatidylinositol synthase having an increased Km for myo-inositol, was isolated from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The mutant PIS gene contained a CAA codon at position 114 instead of the CAC codon observed in the wild-type gene, resulting in alteration of the amino acid from His to Gln. Oligonucleotide mediated site-directed mutagenesis of PIS at codon 114 revealed that mutant genes with codons for Ala, Thr and Leu could support yeast cell growth in vivo, but those for Asp, Lys and Tyr could not. All mutant enzymes when expressed in Escherichia coli showed greatly reduced in vitro activity.
Cytokine, chemokine, and growth factor profile of platelet-rich plasma (2016)

During wound healing, biologically active molecules are released from platelets. The rationale of using platelet-rich plasma (PRP) relies on the concentration of bioactive molecules and subsequent delivery to healing sites. These bioactive molecules have been seldom simultaneously quantified within the same PRP preparation. In the present study, the flexible Bio-Plex system was employed to assess the concentration of a large range of cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors in 16 healthy volunteers so as to determine whether significant baseline differences may be found. Besides IL-1b, IL-1ra, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, IL-13, IL-17, INF-γ, TNF-α, MCP-1, MIP-1a, RANTES, bFGF, PDGF, and VEGF that were already quantified elsewhere, the authors reported also on the presence of IL-2, IL-5, IL-7, IL-9, IL-10, IL-15 G-CSF, GM-CSF, Eotaxin, CXCL10 chemokine (IP-10), and MIP 1b. Among the most interesting results, it is convenient to mention the high concentrations of the HIV-suppressive and inflammatory cytokine RANTES and a statistically significant difference between males and females in the content of PDGF-BB. These data are consistent with previous reports pointing out that gender, diet, and test system affect the results of platelet function in healthy subjects, but seem contradictory when compared to other quantification assays in serum and plasma. The inconsistencies affecting the experimental results found in literature, along with the variability found in the content of bioactive molecules, urge further research, hopefully in form of randomized controlled clinical trials, in order to find definitive evidence of the efficacy of PRP treatment in various pathologic and regenerative conditions.
Characterization of Amorphous Solid Dispersions of AMG 517 in HPMC-AS and Crystallization using Isothermal Microcalorimetry (2011)

Purpose. Recently there has been increasing interest in the development of amorphous materials, particularly on developing low solubility drugs as amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs). Understanding the crystallization rate of miscible and partially miscible ASDs is critical for the development of amorphous drugs as solid dispersions. This project focuses on examining the solid state properties of AMG 517 in HPMC-AS polymer, and stability using isothermal microcalorimetry and SSNMR. Methods. ASDs of AMG 517 in HPMC-AS were manufactured using a Buchi 290 Mini Spray Dry system. Several techniques were used to evaluate the ASDs, including XRPD, GC, TGA, mDSC, SEM and vapor sorption. Crystallization of ASDs at elevated conditions of temperature and humidity were evaluated using isothermal microcalorimetry (TAM). Crystallinity was measured using 19F SSNMR. Results. XRPD and mDSC evaluations demonstrated that all manufactured ASDs were amorphous. Although residual solvent contributes to the depression of Tg values of ASDs in general, significant depression of the Tg is observed which is not accounted for by residual solvent effects. Crystallization events for AMG 517 in HPMC-AS at temperature and relative humidity conditions near the Tg were observed by TAM, as long as heat flow is &gt;1ìW. At conditions below the T1ìW. At conditions below the Tg, crystallization is much slower, resulting in heat signal so low that it is difficult to identify a single crystallization event. However, SS-NMR confirms partial crystallization of HPMC-AS ASDs even for slow crystallizations below Tg. A dual mechanism was observed for crystallization of some ASDs indicating possible phase separation at higher drug loads, which was not observed by mDSC. Conclusions. Isothermal microcalorimetry can provide important kinetic data for the crystallization of ASDs. The crystallization of ASDs of AMG 517 in HPMC-AS follows the expected trends in terms of temperature and humidity (i.e. faster crystallization at higher temperature and humidity conditions). Crystallization is significantly slowed by the presence of HPMC-AS polymer. Rate constants for ASD crystallizations aid drug load selection for maximizing stability while minimizing polymer in the formulation.
Theoretical analysis of the conductance histograms and structural properties of Ag, Pt, and Ni nanocontacts (2006)

Conductance histograms are a valuable tool to study the intrinsic conduction properties of metallic atomic-sized contacts. These histograms show a peak structure, which is characteristic of the type of metal under investigation. Despite the enormous progress in the understanding of the electronic transport in metallic nanowires, the origin of this peak structure is still a basic open problem. In the present work we tackle this issue, extending our theoretical analysis of Au conductance histograms [Dreher et al., Phys. Rev. B 72, 075435 (2005)] to different types of metals, namely, Ag, Pt and ferromagnetic Ni. We combine classical molecular dynamics simulations of the breaking of nanocontacts with conductance calculations based on a tight-binding model. This combination gives us access to crucial information such as contact geometries, strain forces, minimum cross-sections, the conductance, transmissions of the individual conduction channels, and, in the case of Ni, the spin polarization of the current. We shall also briefly discuss investigations of Al atomic-sized contacts. From our analysis we conclude that the differences in the histograms of these metals are due to (i) the very different electronic structures, which means different atomic orbitals contributing to the transport and (ii) the different mechanical properties, which in a case such as Pt lead to the formation of special structures, namely, monoatomic chains. Of particular interest are results for Ni that indicate the absence of any conductance quantization, and show how the current polarization evolves (including large fluctuations) from negative values in thick contacts to even positive values in the tunneling regime after rupture of the contact. Finally, we also present a detailed analysis of the breaking forces of these metallic contacts, which are compared to the forces predicted from bulk considerations.
Conversion of Diffusely Abnormal White Matter to Focal Lesions is Linked to Progression in Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis (2019)

ABSTRACT Objectives 1) To automatically segment focal white matter lesions (FWML) and Diffusely abnormal white matter (DAWM), i.e. regions of diffuse abnormality observed on conventional (T2-weighted) MRI and characterize their longitudinal volumetric and normalized T1-weighted (T1w) intensity evolution, 2) To assess associations of FWML and DAWM with Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and confirmed disability progression (CDP). Methods Data includes 3951 timepoints of 589 SPMS participants followed for three years. FWML and DAWM were automatically segmented using a 2-weighted-intensity thresholding technique. Screening DAWM volumes that transformed into FWML at the last visit (DAWM-to-FWML) and normalized T1w intensities (as a marker of severity of damage) in those voxels were calculated. Results FWML volume significantly increased and DAWM volume significantly decreased as disease duration increased (p&lt;0.001). Global EDSS scores were positively associated with FWML volumes (p=0.002), but not with DAWM volumes. Median volume of DAWM-to-FWML was significantly higher in patients who progressed (2.75 vs 1.70 cc; p&lt;0.0001), and represented 14% of the total DAWM volume at screening, compared to 10% in patients who did not progress (p=0.001). Normalized T1w intensity values of DAWM-to-FWML were negatively associated with CDP status (p&lt;0.00001). Conclusion DAWM transformed into FWML over time, and this transformation was significantly associated with clinical progression. DAWM voxels that transformed had greater normalized T1w intensity decrease over time, in keeping with relatively greater tissue damage evolution. Evaluation of DAWM in progressive MS provides a useful measure to evaluate therapies that aim to protect this at-risk tissue with the potential to slow progression.
Flow cytometric analysis of macrophage response to ceramic and polyethylene particles: Effects of size, concentration, and composition (1998)

Using the J774 macrophage cell line, we designed an in vitro model to analyze by flow cytometry the effects of size, concentration, and composition of ceramic (Al2O3 and ZrO2) and high density polyethylene (HDP) particles on phagocytosis and cell mortality. Inflammatory mediator (TNF-alpha) also was measured by ELISA. Kinetic studies revealed that phagocytosis of the particles begins very early after cell exposure, increasing with time and particle concentration and reaching a plateau after 15 h. This implies that the optimum period to evaluate cellular response to particulate debris is between 15 and 24 h of incubation. Results also showed that phagocytosis increases with concentration for particles up to 2 microns. For larger particles (up to 4.5 microns), phagocytosis seems to reach a plateau independent of size and concentration, which suggests a saturation of phagocytosis that is most likely dependent on overall particle volume ingested. We did not detect any significant difference in phagocytosis between Al2O3 and ZrO2 at 0.6 microns. Al2O3 seems to be more easily phagocytosed than HDP at the same size (4.5 microns) and concentrations. Cytotoxicity studies revealed that macrophage mortality increases with particle size and concentration for sizes greater than 2 microns. Smaller particles (0.6 microns) cause cell mortality only at higher concentrations (from 1,250 particles per cell), but the mortality is still very low (10%). No significant difference in cell mortality and TNF-alpha release was found between Al2O3 and ZrO2. Effects of Al2O3 and HDP at 4.5 microns were compared by measuring TNF-alpha release. Results showed that TNF-alpha release increases with particle concentrations and is higher with HDP than with Al2O3.
Phosphorus or nitrogen – the first phosphatriptycene in coordination polymer chemistry (2022)

We report the new heteroditopic ligand TRIP-Py which selectively binds metal cations of different Pearson character. We demonstrate this both in discrete complexes on either coordination site as well as in heterobimetallic coordination polymers.
Cylindrical Spirals Congenital Myopathy Associated with Epileptic Encephalopathy (P07.050) (2013)

OBJECTIVE: To describe a French Antillean consanguineous family presenting hypotonia, progressive muscle weakness, epileptic encephalopathy, and cylindrical spirals (CSs) in muscle biopsy.
Gradient-based training and pruning of radial basis function networks with an application in materials physics (2020)

Many applications, especially in physics and other sciences, call for easily interpretable and robust machine learning techniques. We propose a fully gradient-based technique for training radial basis function networks with an efficient and scalable open-source implementation. We derive novel closed-form optimization criteria for pruning the models for continuous as well as binary data which arise in a challenging real-world material physics problem. The pruned models are optimized to provide compact and interpretable versions of larger models based on informed assumptions about the data distribution. Visualizations of the pruned models provide insight into the atomic configurations that determine atom-level migration processes in solid matter; these results may inform future research on designing more suitable descriptors for use with machine learning algorithms.