gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Novel Anti-Inflammatory Formulation Comprising Celecoxib and Cannabidiol Exerts Antidepressant and Anxiolytic Effects (2022)

<b>Background:</b> Ample research shows that anti-inflammatory drugs, particularly celecoxib, exert antidepressant effects, especially in patients with microglia activation. However, substantial cardiovascular adverse effects limit celecoxib's usefulness. Given that cannabidiol (CBD) exerts anti-inflammatory, microglia-suppressive, and antidepressant effects, we hypothesized that it may potentiate the therapeutic effects of celecoxib. <b>Methods:</b> The effects of celecoxib, CBD, and their combination were examined in murine models of antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like behavioral responsiveness, including the forced swim test (FST), elevated plus maze (EPM), lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammation, and chronic social defeat stress (CSDS), as well as in microglia cell cultures. <b>Results:</b> Acute administration of a combination of celecoxib plus CBD, at doses that had no effects by themselves (10 and 5 mg/kg, respectively), produced significant antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like effects in the FST and EPM, in male and female mice. In the LPS model, combinations of celecoxib (10 or 20 mg/kg) plus CBD (30 mg/kg) reversed the anxiety-like behavior in the open-field test (OFT) and anhedonia in the sucrose preference test (SPT), with minimal effects of celecoxib or CBD by themselves. In the CSDS paradigm, a combination of celecoxib plus CBD (each at 30 mg/kg) reversed the deficits in the OFT, EPM, social exploration, and SPT, whereas celecoxib or CBD by themselves had partial effects. In BV2 microglia cultures stimulated with LPS or α-synuclein, CBD markedly potentiated the suppressive effects of celecoxib over TNFα (tumor necrosis factor-α) and IL (interleukin)-1β secretion. <b>Conclusions:</b> Combinations of celecoxib plus CBD produce efficacious antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like effects, which may depend on their synergistic microglia-suppressive effects.
Oceanic in Situ Fraunhofer-Line Characteristics (Fraunhofer-Line Underwater eXperiment: FLUX) (1992)

Daytime performance of underwater optical communications in the upper ocean is limited by solar background. To enhance performance, numerous researchers have proposed using signal wavelengths within the reduced solar background provided by Fraunhofer lines. The perfor- mance improvement (references 1 and 2) gained by operating in a Fraunhofer line can be significant and, at some wavelengths, approaches an order of magnitude in signal-to-noise ratio. However, recent work in optical oceanography suggests the presence of an "additional" light field (references 3-7) in the upper ocean. The effect of an increased light field could significantly reduce (potentially eliminate) the absorption depth of Fraunhofer lines and reduce their solar-rejection benefits to optical communications. For a number of years, optical oceanographers have measured abnormally low values for oceanic diffuse attenuation coefficients (K); and in certain cases, these values have been lower (references 8-12) than those for molecular water. These abnormally low values of K indicate the presence of more light at depth than for the case of molecular water. The increased light level has been suggested to result from internal-radiant emission caused by an inelastic (Raman) scattering process. This action produces a wavelength-shifted band of light (references 3-7) with a mean frequency shift of 3357 /cm. In other words, Raman scattering causes solar irradiance from shorter wavelengths to be wavelength-shifted to longer wavelengths, thus increasing ambient light at the longer wavelengths. The result of this process should be more apparent in the "green" spectral region (reference 13) due to the transmission characteristics of seawater.
Electrospinning of polyvinyl butyral in different solvents (2013)

Abstract In this study we aimed at finding different solvents for PVB and determine the effect of concentration and solvents on electrospun polyvinyl butyral (PVB) nanofibers. Firstly, we solved PVB in isopropanol, n-butanol, dimethylformamide, ethanol and acetic acid in various concentrations. Later, we compared fiber characteristics for each solvent. We observed that with increasing concentration, the fiber diameter increased. Bead formation occurred in low concentrations and low viscosity of polymer solution. Each solvent has a different effect on nanofiber morphology. It is observed that fiber diameter and morphology is one of the parameters that can be controlled by solvent.
Comments on the electromagnetic "smoke ring" concept (1998)

Abstract The electromagnetic (EM) fields in a one-dimensional (1-D) earth due to a dipole or loop transmitter have been studied by a number of authors, including Lewis and Lee (1978), Pridmore (1978), Nabighian (1979), and Hoversten and Morrison (1982). Nabighian (1979) aptly described the time-domain-induced current system in a homogeneous half-space as resembling a "smoke ring" blown by the transmitter, which moves outwards and downwards and diminishes in amplitude with increasing time after the transmitter is turned off. In a homogeneous half-space, the physical electric field maximum moves outward from the transmitter loop edge at an angle of approximately 30 degrees with the surface. Hoversten and Morrison (1982) show how the direction of propagation of the time-domain electric field maximum is affected by conductivity structure. In the case of a highly conductive overburden over a resistive basement, the electric field maximum travels essentially horizontally away from the transmitter, and is effectively trapped in the upper layer.
Midfoot Shape when Standing on Soft and Hard Footbeds (2006)

In this study, the plantar shape of the midfoot was determined when the participants were standing on three different surfaces. Foot impression castings of sixteen participants were made when they were standing on a custom-made device. These castings were laser scanned in order to quantify the shape differences. The results showed that, when the amount of cushioning on the support surface was changed, the plantar mid-foot sag changed by 5.0 mm. The results have important implications for footwear design as midfoot shapes in footwear are somewhat standardized and are not adjusted to account for the cushioning properties of the footbed. The mismatched deformations between feet and shoes as a result of design, structure and material used in the heel and forefoot regions of shoes can contribute to unwanted strain on the plantar fascia of the human foot.
Diffractive Alvarez lens (2000)

A diffractive Alvarez lens is demonstrated that consists of two separate phase plates, each having complementary 16-level surface-relief profiles that contain cubic phase delays. Translation of these two components in the plane of the phase plates is shown to produce a variable astigmatic focus. Both spherical and cylindrical phase profiles are demonstrated with good accuracy, and the discrete surface-relief features are shown to cause less than lambda/10 wave-front aberration in the transmitted wave front over a 40 mm x 80 mm region.
Evolving an Understanding of RNA Function by In Vitro Approaches (2010)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction The interactions between an RNA system and its environment Sequence and shape space: the arena for evolution of functional RNAs Sequence diversity and the modularity of functional RNA systems Fundamental mechanisms for sampling sequence space Selection pressure, fitness and function Conclusion Terminology References
Appendix B: Abbreviations and Symbols (1999)

CCTV CESS CFC CFD 2,3 -dimethylbutane pre-exponential factor (kinetics) or absorption (spectroscopy) or torus factor (NMR) water activity 1,4-androstadiene-3,17-dione acety lacetonate analog/digital acyclic diene metathesis 2,2'-azobis(isobutyronitri1e) bis(2-ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate anchor-soluble balance Anderson-Schultz-Flory distribution attenuated total reflectance path length (spectroscopy) magnitude of magnetic field butyl acrylate tetrakis [3,5 -bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]borate anion bond dissociation energy 3,3 '-bis(ethoxymethy1)oxetane 2,2'-bis(dipheny1phosphino)-1,l '-binaphthyl 2-(diphenylphosphino)-l, 1 '-binaphthen-2'-yl-l, 1 '-binaphthen-2,2'-diylphosphite butyl methacrylate back-pressure regulator molar concentration concentration (spectroscopy) chain-transfer to monomer constant critical micelle concentration closed-circuit television catalysis and extraction using supercritical solutions chlorofluorocarbon critical flocculation density
Inability to Immunize Patients with Metastatic Melanoma Using Plasmid DNA Encoding the gp100 Melanoma-Melanocyte Antigen (2003)

Immunization with plasmid DNA represents a theoretically attractive method for increasing T cell responses against cancer antigens. We administered plasmid DNA encoding the gp100 melanoma-melanocyte differentiation antigen to 22 patients with metastatic melanoma and evaluated immunologic and clinical responses. Patients were randomized to receive plasmid DNA either intradermally (n = 10) or intramuscularly (n = 12). One patient (4.5%) exhibited a partial response of several subcentimeter cutaneous nodules. All other patients had progressive disease. Of 13 patients with cells available before and after immunization, no patient exhibited evidence of the development of anti-gp100 cell responses using in vitro boost assays. The same assays were capable of demonstrating immunologic precursors after immunization with fowl poxvirus encoding gp100 or with gp100 peptides. We were thus unable to demonstrate significant clinical or immunologic responses to plasmid DNA encoding the "self" nonmutated gp100 tumor antigen.
NOMA-Based Statistical QoS Provisioning for Wireless Ad-Hoc Networks with Finite Blocklength (2019)

The non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) has been designed to significantly enhance the spectral efficiency for the massive connections of the mobile devices. Moreover, to guarantee the short latency requirements for 5G multimedia wireless services, researchers have designed the statistical delaybounded quality-of-service (QoS) provisioning for supporting the video transmissions over the statistically varying wireless channels. Accordingly, researchers have proposed the finite blocklength coding (FBC) techniques to model the relationship between data transmission rate and channel capacity in the non- asymptotic regime while supporting short-packet communications under the QoS constraints. Due to its potential to significantly improve spectral efficiency and reduce the transmission latency, a NOMA system can be exploited while being integrated with FBC to guarantee the QoS requirements for both the latency and reliability over mobile wireless ad-hoc networks. However, due to the complexity of the effective-capacity maximization problem in the non-asymptotic regime, the FBC based NOMA scheme have imposed new challenges for determining the convexity of the optimization problem and deriving optimal resource allocation policies for NOMA subject to the statistical delay-bounded and error-rate bounded QoS constraints. In order to solve the abovementioned problems, we define a new concept of /spl epsilon/-effective capacity and propose a corresponding system architecture model for NOMA system under FBC. In particular, we characterize the FBC based NOMA system models in wireless ad hoc networks. Considering the statistical delay- bounded and error-rate bounded QoS constraints, we formulate and solve the max- min fairness problem under FBC. Simulation results are included, which evaluate and validate our proposed FBC based NOMA scheme subject to the statistical delay-bounded and error-rate bounded QoS constraints.
The E1 glycoprotein of an avian coronavirus is targeted to the cis Golgi complex. (1990)

It was previously reported that the E1 protein of an avian coronavirus was targeted to the juxtanuclear region in COS cells expressing the protein from cloned cDNA, suggesting that the protein contains information for targeting to the Golgi complex. The first of three membrane-spanning domains was required for intracellular targeting, because a mutant E1 (delta m1,2) lacking this domain was delivered to the plasma membrane. We have used immunoelectron microscopy to localize the wild-type E1 protein within Golgi elements of COS cells and AtT-20 cells expressing these proteins from recombinant vaccinia vectors. By immunoperoxidase and immunogold labeling, the wild-type E1 protein was localized to one or two cisternae located on one side of the Golgi stack that could be identified as the cis side in AtT-20 cells. In contrast, the mutant E1 protein was detected in all cisternae across the stack as well as at the plasma membrane. When the E1 proteins were immunoprecipitated and subjected to digestion with endoglycosidase H, the majority of the wild-type E1 glycoprotein was endoglycosidase H sensitive, whereas the majority of the mutant E1 was processed to an endoglycosidase H-resistant, polylactosaminoglycan-containing form. The findings indicate that the wild-type E1 protein is specifically targeted to cis Golgi cisternae and are consistent with the assumption that the first membrane-spanning domain is required for targeting to the cis Golgi.
Reducing Risk in Total Joint Arthroplasty: Immunocompromised Patients (2019)

Immunodeficiency limits the body’s natural ability to fight infection, thus increasing the patient’s risk of postoperative complications. Moreover, rates of immunosuppression in the United States are on a steady climb secondary to the duality of greater life expectancy of the immunosuppressed and expanding indications for immunosuppressant use. Taken together, these 2 factors foreshadow the growing challenge orthopedic surgeons will face, as higher rates of immunocompromised patients will inevitably present for procedures in the decade ahead. These patients present with the 3-fold effect of a weakened ability to heal, fight infections, and maintain homeostasis. In the surgeon’s armamentarium must be a thorough understanding of the mechanisms behind the immunocompromised state, the complications to remain vigilant of, and the consequences of failure. The surgeon should seek assistance from other specialists early and make sure the patient is informed of elevated risks before proceeding. Further research is needed to optimize the care of this patient population.
CO<sub>2</sub> Emissions and Regional Economic Growth: From the Perspective of Energy Consumption in China (2012)

This paper examines the relationship between carbon emissions per capita and economic growth, carbon emissions intensity and economic growth from the perspective energy consumption for the period 1990-2008 respectively. Empirical results reveal that there exist long term cointegration between carbon emissions, regional economy growth and energy consumption in China. We apply dynamic and static panel data model to estimate the curved shape of the relationship between economy and carbon emissions while considering energy consumption respectively. We find that the curved shape is inverted “N” in static panel data model and dynamic panel data model, rather than inverted “U”. Finally this paper gives some suggestions that policy-makers can take different implementation of energy reduction and promote low carbon economic development.
Improving performance from self-lubricating bronze bearings (2007)

In a world where downward pressure on price means much increased pressure on manufacturers, improved performance can be seen as a unique selling point…
Ring oscillator based random number generator utilizing wake-up time uncertainty (2009)

This paper presents a random number generation circuit utilizing ring oscillator's wake-up time uncertainty. A ring oscillator goes into metastability state before starting to oscillate when its control voltage is increased from zero. The metastability causes the uncertainty of the wake-up time of the ring oscillator resulting in large jitter, which can be used for random number generation. We compared simple inverter and schmitt trigger type rings, number of stages of the rings, slow and fast control voltage change for the rings. The measurement results show that the slow control voltage change in a inverter type ring oscillator is effective for random number generation.
Panorama light-field imaging (2012)

We present a first approach towards panorama light-field imaging. By converting overlapping sub-light-fields into individual focal stacks, computing a panoramic focal stack from them, and converting the panoramic focal stack back into a panoramic light field, we avoid the demand for a precise reconstruction of scene depth.
Wnt Pathway Activation in Long Term Remnant Rat Model (2014)

Progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by deposition of extracellular matrix. This is an irreversible process that leads to tubulointerstitial fibrosis and finally loss of kidney function. Wnt/ β-catenin pathway was reported to be aberrantly activated in the progressive damage associated with chronic organ failure. Extensive renal ablation is an experimental model widely used to gain insight into the mechanisms responsible for the development of CKD, but it was not evaluated for Wnt/ β-catenin pathway. This study aimed to elucidate if the rat 5/6 renal mass reduction model (RMR) is a good model for the Wnt/ β-catenin activation and possible next modulation. RMR model was evaluated at 12 and 18 weeks after the surgery, when CKD is close to end-stage kidney disease demonstrated by molecular and histological studies. Wnt pathway components were analyzed at mRNA and protein level. Our results demonstrate that Wnt pathway is active by increase of β-catenin at mRNA level and nuclear translocation in tubular epithelium as well as some target genes. These results validate the RMR model for future modulation of Wnt pathway, starting at shorter time after the surgery.
Focused ultrasound transducer for thermal treatment (2015)

Air-backed transducers have been employed for thermal ultrasonic treatment including both ablation and hyperthermia because the power efficiency rather than the bandwidth is a main concern, unlike a typical imaging transducer working in a pulse mode. The characteristic of an air-backed piezoelectric transducer with a matching layer is analysed, and the role and choice of the matching layer is discussed. An element size of a focused array transducer, appropriate for such thermal treatment, is then estimated, and the characteristic of a piezoceramic transducer element of such a size was numerically analysed using a finite element code. The characteristic of a piezocomposite transducer element is also numerically analysed and its suitability to such a therapeutic array transducer is discussed.
Resonant tunneling through a HgTe/Hg1−xCdxTe double barrier, single quantum well heterostructure (1986)

Resonant tunneling has been demonstrated through a double barrier, single quantum well HgTe/Hg1−xCdxTe heterostructure for the first time. Negative differential resistance is observable at room temperature, exhibiting a 1.4:1 peak to valley tunnel current ratio. The observation provides direct evidence for the existence of the proposed intrinsic interface state.
ALE Multi-Material Formulation of High Explosive Detonation Using LS-DYNA3D (2002)

The simulation of problems in continuum mechanics involving highly transient phenomena and large deformations such as blast, shock wave propagation and reflection presents significant challenges in computational mechanics. Several models have been developed which allow some visualization of blast propagation. In this article, the numerical tool used for the blast modeling is an Eulerian multi-material formulation. The multi-material formulation has already been used with success in the simulation of fluid with large motion such as the tank sloshing modeling or the simulation of metal cutting processes. This paper describes an air blast simulation with a multi-material Eulerian formulation implemented in an explicit finite elements code, LSDYNA3D. Experimental results give the pressure histories to a distance of 5 feets from the point of initial detonation of C4-explosive. A first purpose is to prove the ALE capabilities to correlate numerical results with the experimental results. An experimental pressure history at the same point is measured when the blast shock is reflected by a ground. The second aim of this paper is to compare the experimental pressure history and the numerical pressure history for the same point.
Distribution of sensory nerve endings around the human sinus tarsi: a cadaver study (2014)

The aim of this study was to analyse the pattern of sensory nerve endings and blood vessels around the sinus tarsi. The superficial and deep parts of the fat pads at the inferior extensor retinaculum (IER) as well as the subtalar joint capsule inside the sinus tarsi from 13 cadaver feet were dissected. The distribution of the sensory nerve endings and blood vessels were analysed in the resected specimens as the number per cm(2) after staining with haematoxylin-eosin, S100 protein, low-affinity neurotrophin receptor p75, and protein gene product 9.5 using the classification of Freeman and Wyke. Free nerve endings were the predominant sensory ending (P < 0.001). Ruffini and Golgi-like endings were rarely found and no Pacini corpuscles were seen. Significantly more free nerve endings (P < 0.001) and blood vessels (P = 0.01) were observed in the subtalar joint capsule than in the superficial part of the fat pad at the IER. The deep part of the fat pad at the IER had significantly more blood vessels than the superficial part of the fat pad at the IER (P = 0.012). Significantly more blood vessels than free nerve endings were seen in all three groups (P < 0.001). No significant differences in distribution were seen in terms of right or left side, except for free nerve endings in the superficial part of the fat pad at the IER (P = 0.003). A greater number of free nerve endings correlated with a greater number of blood vessels. The presence of sensory nerve endings between individual fat cells supports the hypothesis that the fat pad has a proprioceptive role monitoring changes and that it is a source of pain in sinus tarsi syndrome due to the abundance of free nerve endings.
Diabetic Neuropathy Differs in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes (2006)

In this article we describe differences in early metabolic abnormalities between type 1 and type 2 diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN), and how these differences lead to milder initial functional defects in type 2 diabetes, despite the same hyperglycemic exposures. This early reversible metabolic phase is progressively overshadowed by structural degenerative changes eventually resulting in nerve fiber loss. In comparison, the late structural phase of DPN affects type 1 diabetes more severely. Progressive axonal atrophy and loss is hence expressed to a larger extent in type 1 diabetes. In addition, type 1 DPN is characterized by paranodal degenerative changes not seen in type 2 DPN. These differences can be related to the differences in insulin action and signal transduction affecting the expression of neurotrophic factors and their receptors in type 1 diabetes. Downstream effects on neuroskeletal and adhesive proteins, their posttranslational modifications, and nociceptive peptides underlie the more severe resultant pathology in type 1 DPN. These differences in underlying mechanisms should be seriously considered in the future design of interventional paradigms to combat these common conditions.
Optical Diagnostics for Cased Explosive Model Validation and Fragment. (2020)

Abstract not provided.