gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Instability after anterior cruciate ligament rupture (1992)

Manual tests and 2 external devices were used together with roentgen stereophotogrammetry (RSA) and an active weight-bearing radiographic method to measure the sagittal laxity in 11 knees with anterior-cruciate-ligament rupture. In 5 knees no ligament surgery had been performed (unstable knees) and in 6 knees a reconstruction had been performed one year before the examination (stable knees). There were positive correlations between all methods, including the manual tests when all knees, both stable and unstable, were analyzed together. However, the mean values of the total displacement differed between the methods, especially when comparing the weight-bearing radiographs with the three other methods. Some knees with substantial displacement during passive loading did not show any displacement when weight bearing; the measurements thus depended on both the ligamentous laxity and the patient's neuromuscular control of the joint. When the stable knees were analyzed separately, higher mean values were recorded with the external devices than with RSA using 180 N load. This could be explained by an error from soft tissue deformation which added to the skeletal displacement when the external devices were used.
In Situ Optical Diagnostics for Measurements of Water Vapor Partial Pressure in a PEM Fuel Cell (2005)

A fiber optic coupled diode laser sensor has been constructed for in situ measurements of water vapor partial pressure in active proton-exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell systems. The bipolar plate of a prototypical PEM fuel cell was modified to allow for transmission of a near infrared laser beam through the flow channels on either the fuel or oxidizer side of its membrane-electrode assembly. The laser wavelength was scanned over several water rotational and vibrational transitions and the light absorption was detected by measuring the transmitted laser power through the device. The intensity and line shape of the measured transition was used to extract path-averaged values for the water vapor partial pressure. Measurements were initially taken in a non-operating cell with known temperature and humidity input gas streams to calibrate and test the optical device. A technique for rapid determination of the water partial pressure was developed. The optical technique is applicable over a significant temperature and humidity operating range of a PEM fuel cell. The measurement technique was applied to an operating PEM fuel cell system to examine the effects of incoming gas humidity and load on the water vapor partial pressure variation in one of the flow channels.
STOP: Socio-Temporal Opportunistic Patching of short range mobile malware (2012)

Mobile phones are integral to everyday life with emails, social networking, online banking and other applications; however, the wealth of private information accessible increases economic incentives for attackers. Compared with fixed networks, mobile malware can replicate through both long range messaging and short range radio technologies; the former can be filtered by the network operator but determining the best method of containing short range malware is an open problem. While global software updates are sometimes possible, they are often not practical. An alternative and more efficient strategy is to distribute the patch to the key nodes so that they can opportunistically disseminate it to the rest of the network via short range encounters; but how can these key nodes be identified in a highly dynamic network topology? In this paper, we address these questions by presenting Socio- Temporal Opportunistic Patching (STOP), a two-tier predictive mobile malware containment system: devices collect co-location data in a decentralized manner and report to a central server which processes and targets delivery of hot fixes to a small subset of k devices at runtime; in turn mobile devices spread the patch opportunistically. The STOP system is underpinned by a recent theoretical framework for analysing dynamic networks that takes into account temporal information of links. Using empirical contact traces, we find firstly, the top-k ranking temporal centrality nodes are highly correlated with past time windows; and secondly, simple prediction functions can be designed to select the set of top-k nodes that are optimal for patch spreading.
Mechanical Properties and Plastic Anisotropy of the Quenchenable High Strength Steel 22MnB5 at Elevated Temperatures (2007)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Teleportation in quantum edge networks (Conference Presentation) (2022)

The quantum internet will give us an infrastructure able to distribute and process quantum information on a planetary scale. The core of that internet will be formed from quantum error corrected links able to distribute information over large distances all while maintaining their coherence for long periods of time. However, many of the applications at the edge of such networks may rely on raw unencoded data – not protected by error correcting codes due to the nature of how it was generated. In this presentation, we will describe an experiment in which quantum information encoded on a physical qubit can be teleported into an error-corrected logical qubit. Our demonstration shows how one can get information into and out of quantum processors and tomorrows large-scale quantum networks.
Increased macrophage activation mediated through toll‐like receptors in rheumatoid arthritis (2007)

TLR-2 and TLR-4 ligation resulted in increased activation of RA synovial macrophages compared with those from patients with other forms of inflammatory arthritis or compared with control macrophages. Factors other than the level of TLR-2 and TLR-4 expression contributed to the increased activation of RA SF macrophages. These observations support the notion of a potential role for activation through TLR-2 and TLR-4 in the inflammation and joint destruction of RA.
Two familial giant pituitary adenomas associated with overweight: clinical, morphological and genetic features (2001)

To our knowledge, this is the first report of familial pituitary adenomas including one case of a clinically silent GH-secreting adenoma. In addition, it provides further evidence that familial pituitary tumours can occur as a multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 unrelated disease.
Influence of soy isoflavones consumption on the evolution of bone mass in rat (2005)

Poster 122, Osteoporosis Pathophysiology: Dietary Factors. Présentation M327
Polymerkäfige als universelles Hilfsmittel für die präzise Bottom‐up‐Synthese metallischer Nanopartikel (2015)

Abstract Eine neue, Templat‐gestützte Synthese monodisperser Nanopartikel stellt keine Anforderungen an die Selbstorganisation und ist hoch reproduzierbar. Hierzu werden maßgeschneiderte Polymerkäfige für die Synthese von Nanopartikeln verwendet, die aus vernetzten Makromolekülen mit Thiolendgruppen bestehen. Goldnanopartikel (AuNPs) wurden in verschiedenen Verhältnissen von Polymerkäfig zu Gold in situ in den Polymerkäfigen synthetisiert. Die Polymerkäfige zeichneten sich dabei durch eine definierte Beladungskapazität aus, mit exzellenter Kontrolle über Form und Größe. Dagegen zeigten Kontrollversuche mit linearen Diblockcopolymeren einen linearen Anstieg der Partikelgrößen mit steigendem Goldanteil. Das unterschiedliche Wachstumsverhalten der AuNPs wird durch die Vernetzungsgrad‐abhängige Flexibilität der Polymerketten erklärt. Des Weiteren wird die Polymerkäfig‐gesteuerte In‐situ‐Synthese auf Silber‐ (AgNPs), Palladium‐ (PdNPs) und Platinnanopartikel (PtNPs) übertragen.
Supplementary Figure Legend from The Novel Tubulin-Targeting Agent Pyrrolo-1,5-Benzoxazepine-15 Induces Apoptosis in Poor Prognostic Subgroups of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (2023)

Supplementary Figure Legend from The Novel Tubulin-Targeting Agent Pyrrolo-1,5-Benzoxazepine-15 Induces Apoptosis in Poor Prognostic Subgroups of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
A Robotic Wheelchair Roaming in a Railway Station (1999)

In this paper we describe the hardware design and the control and navigation system of our robotic wheelchair MAid (Mobility Aid for Elderly and Disabled People).
Preparation of WC Powders by SHS Process in the Presence of Alkali Salts (2007)

Tungsten carbide powder was synthesized by SHS (self-propagating high-temperature synthesis). Except WO₃, each concentration of raw material (WO₃, Mg, NaCl, Na₂CO₃, C) was investigated. Final product was characterized by XRD and SEM. X-ray data demonstrated that the NaCl+Na₂CO₃ combined mixture has superiority in the WC formation process. Single phase and submicrometer WC powder was synthesized at the temperature below 1600℃. The role of sodium salts in combustion process was discussed, and chemical mechanism of WC formation was proposed. WC powder prepared by salt-assisted combustion synthesis has a size 0.2~3 μm and low agglomeration degree.
Fractional Release Behavior of Volatile and Semivolatile Fission Products During a Voloxidation and OREOX Treatment of Spent PWR Fuel (2008)

Quantitative analysis of the fission gas release characteristics during the voloxidation and oxidation and reduction of oxide fuel (OREOX) processes of spent pressurized water reactor (PWR) fuel was carried out by spent PWR fuel in a hot cell of the DUPIC Fuel Development Facility. The release characteristics of 85Kr and 14C fission gases during voloxidation process at 500°C are closely linked to the degree of conversion efficiency of UO2 to U3O8 powder, and it can be interpreted that the release from grain boundary would be dominated during this step. Volatile fission gases of 14C and 85Kr were released to near completion during the OREOX process. Both the 14C and 85Kr have similar release characteristics under the voloxidation and OREOX process conditions. A higher burnup spent fuel showed a higher release fraction than that of a low burnup fuel during the voloxidation step. It was also observed that the release fraction of semivolatile Cs was ~16% during a reduction at 1000°C of the oxidized powder, but over 90% during the voloxidation at 1250°C.
Abscission: Chemical control of shedding or dropping of plant parts (1948)

The following report is a condensation of a paper presented before the 17th Annual Winter Meeting of the Western Society of Naturalists.
Supplementary Methods from APOBEC3A and APOBEC3B Activities Render Cancer Cells Susceptible to ATR Inhibition (2023)

&lt;p&gt;This file contains all the methods and material information that cannot be included in the main text due to space limitation.&lt;/p&gt;
Heterogeneous‐Gold‐Catalyzed Acceptorless Cross‐Dehydrogenative Coupling of Hydrosilanes and Isocyanic Acid Generated in situ from Urea (2013)

In-situ-Kupplung: Gold-Nanopartikel auf Al2O3-Träger katalysieren die Umwandlung von Hydrosilanen in Silylisocyanate mit Harnstoff als Isocyanatquelle. Die beobachtete Katalyse ist rein heterogen, und der Au/Al2O3-Katalysator kann ohne Verlust an katalytischer Aktivität mehrere Male wiederverwendet werden. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Cover Picture: Highly Coherent Spectroscopy of Ultracold Atoms and Molecules in Optical Lattices (ChemPhysChem 3/2008) (2008)

The cover picture shows strontium atoms which are laser cooled to a microkelvin temperature and held in an optical lattice trap. The trap consists of a series of microtraps at the antinodes of the optical standing wave. The intense blue light in the background is the fluorescence of the atoms when they are laser cooled or detected. The clock transition is in red. In their Concept article Zelevinsky et al. (page 375) show that an ultrastable laser recovers a high-resolution spectrum of the narrow, forbidden optical clock transition with a linewidth of 2 Hz. Spectroscopy is performed without recoil shifts, Doppler effects, or ac Stark shifts from the trapping light.
A Review of Convolutional Neural Networks (2020)

Before Convolutional Neural Networks gained popularity, computer recognition problems involved extracting features out of the data provided which was not adequately efficient or provided a high degree of accuracy. However in recent times, Convolutional Neural Networks have attempted to provide a higher level of efficiency and accuracy in all the fields in which it has been employed in most popular of which are Object Detection, Digit and Image Recognition. It employs a definitely algorithm of steps to follow including methods like Backpropagation, Convolutional Layers, Feature formation and Pooling. Also this article will also venture into use of various frameworks and tools that involve CNN model.
Proto-oncoprotein Vav interacts with c-Cbl in activated thymocytes and peripheral T cells (1997)

The molecular adapter c-Cbl is rapidly tyrosine phosphorylated following stimulation through the TCR and associates with Src homology domain-2 (SH2)/SH3 domain-containing adapters such as Grb2, Crk, and Crk-L, which interact with guanine nucleotide exchange factors specific for the Ras family. This suggests that c-Cbl may link TCR activation to molecules that regulate GTP binding proteins. The SH2/SH3-containing protein Vav also contains a guanine nucleotide exchange factor domain, and Vav has a crucial role in thymocyte development and activation of peripheral T cells following stimulation through the TCR. Here we show that Vav and c-Cbl form inducible molecular complexes in TCR-activated murine thymocytes and peripheral T cells as well as pervanadate-treated T cells. Vav/c-Cbl interactions are also detectable in freshly isolated T cells from gene-targeted mice that lack the T cell-specific inhibitory receptor CTLA-4, in which c-Cbl is hyperphosphorylated on tyrosine residues. The interaction between Vav and c-Cbl is directly mediated via the SH2 domain of Vav and is dependent on tyrosine phosphorylation of c-Cbl. In addition, we show that the conserved motif Y699 MTP present in c-Cbl is the binding site for the Vav SH2 domain in vitro. These data imply that c-Cbl is a molecular adapter that regulates the function of Vav in thymocytes and peripheral T cells.
Phase Stability and Elasticity of TiAlN (2011)

We review results of recent combined theoretical and experimental studies of Ti<sub>1-</sub><sub>x</sub>Al<sub>x</sub>N, an archetypical alloy system material for hard-coating applications. Theoretical simulations of lattice parameters, mixing enthalpies, and elastic properties are presented. Calculated phase diagrams at ambient pressure, as well as at pressure of 10 GPa, show a wide miscibility gap and broad region of compositions and temperatures where the spinodal decomposition takes place. The strong dependence of the elastic properties and sound wave anisotropy on the Al-content offers detailed understanding of the spinodal decomposition and age hardening in Ti<sub>1-</sub><sub>x</sub>Al<sub>x</sub>N alloy films and multilayers. TiAlN/TiN multilayers can further improve the hardness and thermal stability compared to TiAlN since they offer means to influence the kinetics of the favorable spinodal decomposition and suppress the detrimental transformation to w-AlN. Here, we show that a 100 degree improvement in terms of w-AlN suppression can be achieved, which is of importance when the coating is used as a protective coating on metal cutting inserts.
The Chromatographic Behavior of Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metal Cations on Crown Ether-Modified Silica Gels and Polymer Matrices (1986)

Abstract Alkali and alkaline earth metal cations were chromatographed over silica gels and polymer matrices which had been modified by the addition of benzo-15-crown-5, benzo-18-crown-6, and benzo-21-crown-7, using water as the mobile phase. The retention sequences of the cations agreed closely with the stability sequences of the corresponding crown-ether complexes. The best separation was attained on the silica gels modified by the use of benzo-18-crown-6. The retention times increased in this sequence: Li+&amp;lt;Na+&amp;lt;Rb+&amp;lt;Cs+&amp;lt;K+; Mg2+&amp;lt;Ca2+&amp;lt;Sr2+&amp;lt;Ba2+. The retention sequences on the benzo-15-crown-5 and benzo-21-crown-7 columns were Li+&amp;lt;Na+≈Cs+&amp;lt;Rb+&amp;lt;K+ and Li+≈Na+&amp;lt;K+&amp;lt;Rb+≈Cs+ respectively. The resin-based columns showed similar retention sequences, but were inferior in their separation ability to the silica-based ones. The retention times were affected by many factors, such as the cation concentration, the species of the counter anions, the kind and composition of the second solvents in the mixed mobile phase, and the column temperature.
Виявлення екологічних загроз, спричинених діяльністю паливозаправних об’єктів (2014)

Проаналізовано основні причини хімічного забруднення навколишнього середовища внаслідок діяльності паливозаправних об’єктів, а саме втрати вуглеводневої сировини, які відбуваються при товарно-транспортних операціях і експлуатації недосконалого обладнання. Відзначено, що джерелами негативних впливів паливозаправних об’єктів є дощові води, які змивають із території розлиті нафтопродукти, а пряме забруднення навколишнього середовища внаслідок аварійних розливів нафтопродуктів є рідкісним явищем. Указано, що негативні наслідки діяльності АЗС поширюються на атмосферне повітря, прилеглі ґрунти та водні об’єкти, у тому числі ґрунтові та підземні води, забруднюють довкілля та створюють загрозу здоров’ю людей.
A Shorter Time Interval Between First and Second Dengue Infections Is Associated With Protection From Clinical Illness in a School-based Cohort in Thailand (2013)

These findings support a pathogenesis model where cross-reactive antibodies wane from higher-titer, protective levels to lower-titer, detrimental levels. This is one of the first studies of human subjects to suggest a window of cross-protection following DENV infection since Sabin's challenge studies in the 1940s.
Gold Standard Evaluation of Ontology Learning Methods through Ontology Transformation and Alignment (2010)

This paper presents a method along with a set of measures for evaluating learned ontologies against gold ontologies. The proposed method transforms the ontology concepts and their properties into a vector space representation to avoid the common string matching of concepts and properties at the lexical layer. The proposed evaluation measures exploit the vector space representation and calculate the similarity of the two ontologies (learned and gold) at the lexical and relational levels. Extensive evaluation experiments are provided, which show that these measures capture accurately the deviations from the gold ontology. The proposed method is tested using the Genia and the Lonely Planet gold ontologies, as well as the ontologies in the benchmark series of the Ontology Alignment Evaluation Initiative.
Construction and characterization of mutants impaired in the biosynthesis of the K88ab antigen (1982)

Plasmid pFM205 contains the genetic determinant for the K88ab antigen and is composed of a 4.3-megadalton DNA fragment derived from wild-type K88ab plasmid pRI8801 and cloning vehicle pBR322. The K88 NA of pFM205 contains five genes, which code for polypeptides with apparent molecular weights of 17,000, 26,000 (the K88ab subunit), 27,000 27,500, and 81,000. All five polypeptides were synthesized as precursors approximately 2,000 daltons larger than the mature polypeptides, indicating that they are transported across the cytoplasmic membrane by means of a signal sequence. A set of deletion derivatives of pFM205 was constructed, each containing a deletion in one of the five genes. In strains harboring derivatives of pFM205 containing a deletion in the gene for the 17,000- or 81,000-dalton polypeptide, the K88ab subunit was synthesized and transported to the outside of the cell. However, these strains did not adhere to brushborders or guinea pig erythrocytes, suggesting that the K88ab subunits were not assembled into normal fimbriae. Strains harboring plasmids containing a deletion in the gene for the 27,500-dalton polypeptide still adhered to brush borders and guinea pig erythrocytes, although very little K88ab antigen could be detected with an immunological assay. In strains harboring plasmids containing a deletion in the gene for the 27,000-dalton polypeptide, the K88ab subunit was synthesized but was probably subsequently degraded rapidly.
A novel strategy for promoting homoplasmic plastid transformant production using the barnase–barstar system (2020)

Plastid transformants form biofactories that are able to produce extra proteins in plastids when they are in a homoplasmic state. To date, plastid transformation has been reported in about twenty plant species; however, the production of homoplasmic plastid transformants is not always successful or easy. Heteroplasmic plants that contain wild-type plastids produce fewer target proteins and do not always successfully transfer transgenes to progeny. In order to promote the generation of homoplasmic plants, we developed a novel system using barnase-barster to eliminate wild-type plastids from heteroplasmic cells systematically. In this system, a chemically inducible cytotoxic <i>barnase</i> under a plastid transit signal was introduced into nuclear DNA and <i>barster</i>, which inhibits barnase, was integrated into plastid DNA with the primary selection markers aminoglycoside 3'-adenylyltransferase (<i>aadA</i>) and green fluorescence protein (<i>GFP</i>) gene. As expected, the expression of the plastid <i>barnase</i> was lethal to cells as seen in leaf segments, but <i>barster</i> expression in plastids rescued them. We then investigated the regeneration frequency of homoplasmic shoots from heteroplasmic leaf segments with or without <i>barnase</i> expression. The regeneration frequency of homoplasmic-like shoots expressing <i>barnase-barster</i> system was higher than that of shoots not expressing this. We expect that the application of this novel strategy for transformation of plastids will be supportive to generate homoplasmic plastid transformants in other plant species.