gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The spatial variation of initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios in the Toki granite, Central Japan: Implications for the intrusion and cooling processes of a granitic pluton (2013)

The spatial variation in initial 87Sr/ 86Sr ratios (SrI) in the Toki granite, Central Japan, shows heterogeneity ranging from 0.708942 to 0.710069, which provides information on the intrusion and cooling processes of plutons. The Toki granite has three mineralogy-based rock facies: muscovite-biotite granite (MBG), hornblende-biotite granite (HBG) and biotite granite (BG). Large SrI values were found to be distributed at the western margin (west MBG) and the lithologically central region (central BG), while small SrI values were found at the northeast margin (northeast MBG). Regions with high and low Sr concentrations were also found in the Toki granite. In the Sr-rich samples, SrI (0.708942-0.709789) increases with 100/Sr (0.7-1.5). This geochemical trend extends towards the country sedimentary rocks of the Mino Terrane, which can be interpreted to result from assimilation and fractional crystallization (AFC) between the original granitic magma and the Mino sedimentary rocks. The SrI values in the Sr-rich regions show a correlation with the Alumina Saturation Index (ASI). In particular, the west MBG, with large SrI values, is classified as a peraluminous granitoid with large ASI, suggesting that the western margin of the pluton was strongly affected by assimilation during the intrusion process. The Sr-poor samples are present both in the central BG, with large SrI values, and in the northeast MBG, with small SrI values. The Sr-poor samples have small ASI and large differentiation indices, indicating that the central BG and the northeast MBG were generated either by different AFC process with different amounts of contaminants or by the intrusion and fractionation of different source magma with different SrI values. Overall, the geochemical spatial variations found in the Toki granite can be explained by various degrees of assimilation and fractional crystallization in the magma chamber and/or multi-stage intrusions with different degrees of crystallization of plural source magmas with different SrI values. Previous petrographical and thermochronological studies revealed that the Toki granite effectively cooled from the wall at the western margin in the cooling stage at temperatures below 500 °C. Larger SrI and ASI values found in this study corresponded to the western margins where the earlier and more rapid cooling took place, indicating that the Toki granite was preferentially cooled from the peraluminous marginal regions where the assimilation of country rock was the most extensive.
3-Substituted 1-Naphthamidomethyl-C-galactosyls Interact with Two Unique Sub-Sites for High-Affinity and High-Selectivity Inhibition of Galectin-3 (2019)

The galectins are a family of galactose-binding proteins playing key roles in inflammatory processes and cancer. However, they are structurally very closely related, and discovery of highly selective inhibitors is challenging. In this work, we report the design of novel inhibitors binding to a subsite unique to galectin-3, which confers both high selectivity and affinity towards galectin-3. Olefin cross metathesis between allyl β-C-galactopyranosyl and 1-vinylnaphthalenes or acylation of aminomethyl β-C-galactopyranosyl with 1-naphthoic acid derivatives gave C-galactopyranosyls carrying 1-naphthamide structural elements that interacted favorably with a galectin-3 unique subsite according to molecular modeling and X-ray structural analysis of two inhibitor-galectin-3 complexes. Affinities were down to sub-µM and selectivities over galectin-1, 2, 4 N-terminal domain, 4 C-terminal domain, 7, 8 N-terminal domain, 9 N-terminal domain, and 9 C-terminal domain were high. These results show that high affinity and selectivity for a single galectin can be achieved by targeting unique subsites, which holds promise for further development of small and selective galectin inhibitors.
Blockade of RAGE in Zucker obese rats with experimental periodontitis (2016)

In this study, treatment with anti-RAGE IgG<sub>3</sub> resulted in improved glucose tolerance and attenuated renal complications. However, no effect was observed on the diabetes-associated periodontitis in Zucker obese rats. Furthermore, periodontitis had no effect on diabetic markers or renal complications. Therefore, activation of RAGE is important in the development of T2D.
ATVHunter: Reliable Version Detection of Third-Party Libraries for Vulnerability Identification in Android Applications (2021)

We propose a system, named ATVHunter, which can pinpoint the precise vulnerable in-app TPL versions and provide detailed information about the vulnerabilities and TPLs. We propose a two-phase detection approach to identify specific TPL versions. Specifically, we extract the Control Flow Graphs as the coarse-grained feature to match potential TPLs in the pre-defined TPL database, and then extract opcode in each basic block of CFG as the fine-grained feature to identify the exact TPL versions. We build a comprehensive TPL database (189,545 unique TPLs with 3,006,676 versions) as the reference database. Meanwhile, to identify the vulnerable in-app TPL versions, we also construct a comprehensive and known vulnerable TPL database containing 1,180 CVEs and 224 security bugs. Experimental results show ATVHunter outperforms state-of-the-art TPL detection tools, achieving 90.55% precision and 88.79% recall with high efficiency, and is also resilient to widely-used obfuscation techniques and scalable for large-scale TPL detection. Furthermore, to investigate the ecosystem of the vulnerable TPLs used by apps, we exploit ATVHunter to conduct a large-scale analysis on 104,446 apps and find that 9,050 apps include vulnerable TPL versions with 53,337 vulnerabilities and 7,480 security bugs, most of which are with high risks and are not recognized by app developers.
<title>High-authority telescoping actuators</title> (1999)

A family of high authority actuators was developed at the Naval Research Laboratory. These actuators are based on displacement amplification within a compact, solid state, monolithic piezoelectric actuator, by using a telescoping tube design. In this design, concentric tubes are mechanically connected in series. This gives an effective actuator length that is equal to the sum of the lengths of the individual concentric elements. The high displacement output of this actuator permits efficient coupling of the actuator output into a load of similar impedance, and thereby much greater effective actuator output. Initial prototypes were made of commercially available PZT tubes of three different diameters and wall thickness. These tubes were pulsed through the thickness of the walls and the change in their lengths were used for actuation. Their actuation is therefore making use of the d31 piezoelectric coefficient. Alternatively, electrodes can be applied to the ends of the individual concentric tubes and their lengthwise displacement will subsequently be proportional to the d33 parameter of the material. The tubes were bonded at their ends to alumina plates using epoxy-based adhesive. The displacement obtained from the assembly is close to the sum of those of the three individual tubes at the same applied field. Other parameters such as blocking force and energy densities are also reported. These actuators have applications where high force and simultaneously large displacement are required and space is limited. Potential uses include high end aerospace as well as low tech commercial applications.© (1999) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Decolonizing Learning Spaces for Sociotechnical Research and Design (2020)

As spaces for learning about Computer-Supported Collaborative Work (CSCW) research and practice (e.g., university classes, academic and industry labs, conferences) become more diverse, there is a pressing need to revise the universal collaborative and pedagogical structures supporting them. Specifically, it has become urgent to explore how to 'de-center' dominant assumptions about who learns in these environments. The goal of this workshop is to explore collectively how to craft learning spaces that resist universality by recognizing and valuing other perspectives and realities. We build on the scholarship of decolonial thinkers, which provides useful theoretical scaffolding on how to start working towards inclusivity and 'pluriversality'. That is, learning spaces where all views can co-exist as equally valid, albeit contradicting. Our workshop will be led by researchers and designers who have both guided and participated in academic and industry-based CSCW learning spaces across domains like Social Computing, Human-Computer Interaction (HCI), Information and Communication Technologies for Development (ICTD), Critical Data Studies, and Participatory Design (PD). We invite a broad range of participants from research and practice interested in learning about or deepening their understanding of how to make of CSCW a more 'pluriversal' site for learning and practicing.
Oncogene Concatenated Enriched Amplicon Nanopore Sequencing for Rapid, Accurate, and Affordable Somatic Mutation Detection (2020)

Nanopore sequencing is more than 10-fold faster than sequencing-by-synthesis and provides reads that are roughly 100-fold longer. However, nanopore sequencing’s 7.5% intrinsic error rate renders it difficult to call somatic mutations with low variant allele frequencies (VAFs) without significant false positives. Here, we introduce the Oncogene Concatenated Enriched Amplicon Nanopore Sequencing (OCEANS) method, in which variants with low VAFs are selectively amplified and subsequently concatenated for nanopore sequencing. OCEANS allows accurate detection of somatic mutations with VAF limits of detection between 0.05% and ≤ 1%. We constructed 4 distinct multi-gene OCEANS panels targeting recurrent mutations in acute myeloid leukemia, melanoma, non-small-cell lung cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Comparison experiments against Illumina NGS showed 99.79% to 99.99% area under the receiver-operator curve for these panels on clinical FFPE tumor samples. Furthermore, we identified a significant number of mutations below the standard NGS limit of detection in clinical tissue samples using each OCEANS panel. Comparison against digital PCR on 10 of putative mutations at ≤1% VAF showed 9 concordant positive calls with VAFs between 0.02% and 0.66%. By overcoming the primary challenge of nanopore sequencing on detecting low VAF single nucleotide variant mutations, OCEANS is poised to enable same-day clinical sequencing panels.
Controversies and progress on standardization of large-scale brain network nomenclature (2023)

Progress in scientific disciplines is accompanied by standardization of terminology. Network neuroscience, at the level of macroscale organization of the brain, is beginning to confront the challenges associated with developing a taxonomy of its fundamental explanatory constructs. The Workgroup for HArmonized Taxonomy of NETworks (WHATNET) was formed in 2020 as an Organization for Human Brain Mapping (OHBM)-endorsed best practices committee to provide recommendations on points of consensus, identify open questions, and highlight areas of ongoing debate in the service of moving the field toward standardized reporting of network neuroscience results. The committee conducted a survey to catalog current practices in large-scale brain network nomenclature. A few well-known network names (e.g., default mode network) dominated responses to the survey, and a number of illuminating points of disagreement emerged. We summarize survey results and provide initial considerations and recommendations from the workgroup. This perspective piece includes a selective review of challenges to this enterprise, including (1) network scale, resolution, and hierarchies; (2) interindividual variability of networks; (3) dynamics and nonstationarity of networks; (4) consideration of network affiliations of subcortical structures; and (5) consideration of multimodal information. We close with minimal reporting guidelines for the cognitive and network neuroscience communities to adopt.
Waste Reduction Practices at Two Chromated Copper Arsenate Wood-Treating Plants (1995)

Abstract Two chromated copper arsenate (CCA) wood-treating plants were assessed for their waste reduction practices. The objectives of this study were to estimate the amount of hazardous wastes that a well-designed and well-maintained CCA treatment facility would generate and to identify waste reduction opportunities. These practices have been reflected in several areas, including facility designs, process controls, and management practices. The facility designs included enclosed treatment buildings, covered drip pads, a drip pan, an automatic lumber handling system, power rollers, computerized chemical mixing systems, spill containments, and air ventilation systems to minimize mist or droplet emissions from cylinders and work tanks. Management practices have included pretreatment quality control, improved housekeeping, resource recovery and recycling, and operator training.
Bryophytes – an emerging source for herbal remedies and chemical production (2016)

Abstract Bryophytes (including mosses, liverworts and hornworts) are a heterogeneous group of terrestrial plants, which comprise over 24,000 species worldwide. Given the various biological activities reported from bryophytes, they have a huge commercial potential. Due to their minute size and rather small biomass in various ecosystems, bryophytes are a seldom part of ethnomedicine and rarely subject to medicinal and chemical analyses. Still, hundreds of novel natural products have been isolated from bryophytes. Bryophytes have been shown to contain numerous potentially useful natural products, including polysaccharides, lipids, rare amino acids, terpenoids, phenylpropanoids, quinones and many other specialized metabolites. Additionally, different bryophyte extracts and isolated compounds have shown antimicrobial, antiviral, cytotoxic, nematocidal, insecticidal, effects on smooth and non-striated muscles, weight loss, plant growth regulators and allelopathic activities. Bryophytes also cause allergies and contact dermatitis. All these effects highlight bryophytes as potential source for herbal remedies and production of chemicals to be used in various products.
TriviaQA: A Large Scale Distantly Supervised Challenge Dataset for Reading Comprehension (2017)

We present TriviaQA, a challenging reading comprehension dataset containing over 650K question-answer-evidence triples. TriviaQA includes 95K questionanswer pairs authored by trivia enthusiasts and independently gathered evidence documents, six per question on average, that provide high quality distant supervision for answering the questions. We show that, in comparison to other recently introduced large-scale datasets, TriviaQA (1) has relatively complex, compositional questions, (2) has considerable syntactic and lexical variability between questions and corresponding answer-evidence sentences, and (3) requires more cross sentence reasoning to find answers. We also present two baseline algorithms: a featurebased classifier and a state-of-the-art neural network, that performs well on SQuAD reading comprehension. Neither approach comes close to human performance (23% and 40% vs. 80%), suggesting that Trivi-aQA is a challenging testbed that is worth significant future study. 1
Reactive Conversion of Bioclastic Nanostructures (2007)

Numerous examples can be found in nature of microorganisms that assemble oxide nanoparticles into rigid (bioclastic) microstructures with intricate, but well-controlled 3-D shapes and fine (nanoscale) features.Because such self-assembly is under genetic control, a given microorganism can generate bioclastic replicas with a high degree of fidelity upon biological reproduction.Continuous reproduction (repeated doubling) of such microorganisms can yield enormous numbers of identically-shaped bioclastic structures.Such genetically-precise and massively-parallel self-assembly is a highly-attractive means of generating large quantities of ceramic particles with complex and well-defined shapes.However, natural bioclastic compositions (amorphous Si0 2, CaCO3) are not well-suited for high-temperature applications.This research is focused on the shape-preserving chemical conversion of natural, bioclastic structures into alumina and other refractory ceramics.
"Il divotissimo signor conte di Pegnaranda, viceré con larghissime sovvenzioni": los fines políticos del mecenazgo religioso del conde de Peñaranda, virrey de Nápoles (1659-1664) (2007)

[spa] En el Nápoles de mediados del siglo XVII el virrey Gaspar de Bracamonte y Guzmán, conde de Peñaranda, desarrolla una política de subvención a las principales órdenes religiosas activas en la ciudad. El análisis de cada uno de estos actos de generosidad permite revelar los verdaderos fines políticos del virrey, cuyas financiaciones fomentaron la realización de algunas de las obras maestras del barroco napolitano.
Anaerobic biotransformations of organochlorine pesticides in Manzala Lake, Egypt (1997)

The anaerobic transformations of four organochlorine pesticides, HCB, HCH, o,p’‐DDT and p,p'‐DDT were examined in a sediment collected from Manzala lake in Egypt. Sediment samples collected from different locations in the lake were mixed with lake water to make a sediment slurry. The slurry from each site was spiked with a mixture of organo chlorine pesticides at known concentrations. Degradation of all pesticide chemicals followed a first‐order reaction kinetics. The rate constants ranged from 0.0037 to 0.0091 day‐1 or half‐lives between 76 and 364 days. The results indicated that HCH and HCB were transformed at higher rates compared to DDT isomers. The rates of transformation of each pesticide at various sites in the lake was of the same order of magnitude as shown by the rate constants.
Champfleury, Flaubert and the Novel of Adultery (1990)

Le roman realiste mineur de Champfleury, Les Bourgeois de Molinchart (1855) est comme Madame Bovary (1857), un roman de l'adultere. Mais la caracterisation du triangle est fort differente : l'heroine y apparait sous les traits d'une victime angelique souffrant de sombres machinations
Novel DNA methylation markers with potential prognostic relevance in advanced malignant melanoma identified using COBRA assays (2015)

Aberrant methylation of promoter regions involved in silencing of tumor suppressor genes is a key feature of many human cancers including melanoma. These DNA methylation events occur early in cancer development, increase with progression, and may therefore serve as biomarkers for the detection and staging of cancer. In our study, we used an epigenomic reactivation screening approach including Combined Bisulfite Restriction Analyses (COBRA) assays to identify novel methylation markers in late-stage melanoma. Two human xenograft melanoma models have been used to identify genes methylated in cancer and reactivated upon treatment with a histone deacetylase inhibitor. Gene expression analysis and promoter scanning for DNA methylation by COBRA assays and bisulfite sequencing were used to identify candidate genes. The methylation status of the CpG island promoter region of genes related to melanoma pathophysiology in skin, lymph node, and visceral metastatic metastases in 28 patients (samples n=35) were assessed. These methylation markers have been evaluated in melanoma metastasis tissue and in control samples from normal skin. The screening in in-vitro and in-vivo systems for methylated genes in melanoma samples showed 10 candidate genes. Using COBRA assays, we detected a methylation pattern in the promoter region of 10 genes with two genes (BASP1, CDH11), together with the patient's age and the log-S100B-level at biopsy, constructing a descriptor with a trend to correlate with shorter time to death.
NEWS OF THE WEEK (2005)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTNEWS OF THE WEEKFINDING THE BEST CONDITIONS RAPIDLYMicrofluidic device can optimize even complex organic transformationsMICHAEL FREEMANTLECite this: Chem. Eng. News 2005, 83, 6, 11Publication Date (Print):February 7, 2005Publication History Published online14 November 2010Published inissue 7 February 2005https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v083n006.p011https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v083n006.p011newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 2005 American Chemical SocietyArticle Views8Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Organic reactions Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: ORALLY ACTIVE CEPHALOSPORINS AND PENICILLINS (1980)

Abstract α‐Amino‐ und α‐Hydroxy‐carbon‐ Säuren (III), (IV), (VIII), (IXa) und (XI) werden gemäß Formelbild dargestellt und in Cephalosporine und Penicilline übergeführt.
Embedding Source Signature in Multicast Wireless Video Streams (2007)

We consider the problem of source authentication of video streams in multicast environments. We proposed a novel algorithm which combines signature amortization based on hash chains and watermarking to embed hash chains in the video stream. The algorithm exploits a novel watermarking procedure using Reed-Solomon mark encoding which ensures error-free and fast convergence mark extraction. We show that the algorithm has a negligible impact on the video stream quality and we evaluate the configuration parameters of the algorithm which ensure proper verification of the source authenticity.
Interaction of zonisamide with benzodiazepine and GABA receptors in rat brain. (1990)

The effects of zonisamide on [3H]flunitrazepam binding and [3H]muscimol binding were studied in Sprague-Dawley rat brain. Specific [3H]flunitrazepam bound was decreased to 64.6 +/- 5.6% (mean +/- SD, n = 5, p < 0.002) and 91.9 +/- 4.0% (p < 0.005) by the addition of 10(-3) M and 10(-4) M zonisamide, respectively. Scatchard plot analysis of [3H]flunitrazepam binding with 10(-3) M of zonisamide revealed an increased Kd value with no change in Bmax. No inhibitory effect of zonisamide was seen on the enhancement of specific [3H]flunitrazepam binding by GABA. As for the effects on GABA receptors, specific [3H]muscimol bound was decreased to 27.7 +/- 10.4% (mean +/- SD, n = 4, p < 0.005) and 68.3 +/- 3.7% (mean +/- SD, n = 4, p < 0.005) by the addition of 10(-3) M and 10(-4) M zonisamide, respectively. Since therapeutic serum level of zonisamide are around 10(-4) M, these results suggest that zonisamide neuropharmacologically interacts with the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor ionophore complex in a manner similar to phenytoin.
Multidetector computed tomography for acute pulmonary embolism: diagnosis and risk stratification in a single test (2011)

In patients with acute PE, MDCT might be used as a single procedure for diagnosis and risk stratification. Patients without right ventricular dysfunction at MDCT have a low risk of in-hospital adverse outcome.