gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Renormalization group analysis of phase transitions in the two dimensional Majorana-Hubbard model (2018)

A lattice of interacting Majorana modes can occur in a superconducting film on a topological insulator in a magnetic field. The phase diagram as a function of interaction strength for the square lattice was analyzed recently using a combination of mean field theory and renormalization group methods, and was found to include second order phase transitions. One of these corresponds to spontaneous breaking of an emergent U(1) symmetry, for attractive interactions. Despite the fact that the U(1) symmetry is not exact, this transition was claimed to be in a supersymmetric universality class when time reversal symmetry is present and in the conventional XY universality class otherwise. Another second order transition was predicted for repulsive interactions with time reversal symmetry to be in the same universality class as the transition occurring in the Gross-Neveu model, despite the fact that the U(1) symmetry is not exact in the Majorana model. We analyze these phase transitions using a modified $ε$-expansion, confirming the previous conclusions.
Structure and Porosity of Alum Coagulation Flocs (1999)

Abstract It is generally assumed that flocs grow according to the following model: primary particles form compact flocculi which assemble themselves into microflocs. Microflocs bind together to form floc aggregates. The main difference between flocculi, microflocs and floc aggregates is their structure. Porosity can be used to indicate differences in this structure. The objective of this study was to establish whether alum flocs disperse into floc components that represent different structures, as indicated by different porosities. Alum coagulation floes were broken up with increasing amounts of mixing energy. The size and porosity of the studied particles were determined on microtome sections of the resin-stabilized samples. The results, as expected, indicated that the size and porosity of alum flocs decreased with the increase of applied mixed energy. Fractal analysis of pores revealed that alum floes contained at least three distinctive populations of pores: small, medium and large. The three pore populations indicate three levels of aggregation, i.e., flocculi, microflocs and floe aggregates. The results of this study confirm the previous theoretical and experimental investigations that argued for the multilevel floc structure.
Improving blood transfusion practice: role of a computerized hospital information system (1992)

The recent focus on medical risk and financial cost has prompted a need for better guidelines for prescribing the transfusion of blood components. In 1987, to respond to the issues of quality transfusion practice and accurate evaluation, LDS Hospital (Salt Lake City, UT) began using a computerized, knowledge-based blood-ordering system. Each transfusion request was reviewed and flagged by the computer when it did not meet the criteria established by the medical staff. The study reviewed the use of red cells, platelets, and fresh-frozen plasma in 13,082 transfusion orders for 5847 consecutive patients from July 1, 1988, through June 30, 1989. The evaluation assessed, first, the adherence of physicians to computerized criteria and, second, their adherence to the quality of transfusion practice. A high percentage of the blood units ordered met the established criteria: 91.2 percent for the red cell transfusions, 72.9 percent for platelets, and 81.7 percent for fresh-frozen plasma. From the July 1, 1987, implementation date through June 1989, the mean hematocrit of persons being transfused dropped from 28.6 to 27.7 percent (0.29 = 0.28) (p less than 0.005) and the number of orders requiring review by the quality assurance department dropped from 100 to 14 percent; moreover, there was a true-exception rate of only 0.37 percent. The use of the computer system effected the implementation of the following measures: 1) identification of the indications and establishment of clear clinical and biologic parameters for every transfusion, and 2) measurement and improvement of institutional transfusion practice. These results demonstrated the efficacy of a computerized hospital information system in implementing continuous quality improvement for transfusion practice.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Dislocations and Plastic Flow in Crystals (1954)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation A. H. Cottrell, D. L. Dexter; Dislocations and Plastic Flow in Crystals. Am. J. Phys. 1 April 1954; 22 (4): 242–243. https://doi.org/10.1119/1.1933704 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAmerican Association of Physics TeachersAmerican Journal of Physics Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Vehicle Classification from Low Frequency GPS Data (2016)

Inferring the type of vehicles on a road is a fundamental task within several applications. Some recent works have exploited Global Positioning System (GPS) devices and used classification of GPS traces to tackle the problem. Existing approaches based on GPS data make use of GPS trajectories sampled at high frequency (about 1 sample per second), but GPS trackers currently installed on public and commercial fleets acquire GPS positions at lower frequency (about 1 sample per minute). In this paper, we target the more challenging scenario of low frequency GPS data, which has not been tackled yet in the literature, and explore how this kind of data can be used to effectively categorise vehicles into light-duty and heavy-duty. We define several distance-, speed-, and acceleration-based features, inspired by the literature on related problems like travel mode detection, and add novel features based on road type. Features are aggregated over a GPS track with several aggregation functions. We identify the most effective combinations of features and aggregation functions with a data-driven approach, by applying Recursive Feature Elimination in a cross validation framework. Furthermore, we combine predictions of all tracks of a vehicle to boost classification performance. Experimental results on a large dataset show that the selected features are indeed effective and that the high and low frequency GPS scenarios greatly differ in terms of relevant features.
Crop Coefficient Curve for Paddy Rice from Residual Energy Balance Calculations (2016)

The crop coefficient (Kc) values of rice paddy are important for estimating accurate rice crop evapotranspiration (ETc), water transfers planning, efficient irrigation management, and hydrological studies. In this study, ETc was measured and a generalized Kc curve was calculated for paddy rice in the Sacramento Valley, California. Field experiments were conducted in three rice paddy fields during the 2011–2013 growing seasons. Surface renewal analysis, after calibration using eddy covariance method, was applied to obtain sensible heat flux values from high-frequency temperature readings; latent heat flux densities were characterized by the residual of the energy balance method. The results revealed that there is considerable variability in rice water use both spatially and temporally. The average 3-year measured seasonal ETc of the experimental fields ranged from 690 to 762 mm in Butte County and from 681 to 813 mm in the Colusa County. A mean daily seasonal ETc of 5.3 mm d−1 and midseason ETc of 5.8 mm d−1 was observed. The rice Kc values were lower than those commonly used to estimate rice ETc during the midseason and were greater than expected during early growth before canopy closure. For a typical growing season of 145 days, the Kc values were estimated as 1.10, 1.00, and 0.80 for the initial-growth, midseason, and late-season stages, respectively. The generalized Kc curve is quite accurate for practical application and enables growers to determine rice crop water use in a reliable, usable, and affordable format. The proposed Kc information can be used to refine the estimates of rice consumptive water use in the Sacramento Valley for the purpose of water transfers to water-short areas of the State. These Kc values are likely applicable to other locations having similar climate to the Sacramento Valley in California.
Eye-movement Modeling Examples in Source Code Comprehension (2018)

Eye-movement modeling examples (EMME) have previously been shown to impact attention of learners in various domains. Potentials of such training methods, however, have remained unexplored in computer programming education. In the current study, participants attended to a classroom experiment in which their comprehension strategies were cued by an educational intervention based on theories of program comprehension (Block Model) and accompanied by a visualization of eye-movement strategies of an advanced programmer. EMME-based interventions affected gaze following slightly, and resulted in improved problem-solving. We present results related to the gaze-behavior during the intervention and demonstrate how participants overlapped their attention with the expert. The findings inform about the design of eye-movement modeling examples in computing education.
Injection Locking of a Modified-Unstable-Resonator XeCl Laser by Using a Line-Narrowed Hemiconfocal Oscillator (1994)

An injection-locked XeCl excimer laser with a modified positive-branch confocal unstable resonator was developed and the output characteristics were investigated. We utilized the hemiconfocal scheme in the line-narrowed oscillator in order to obtain a seed beam with high energy as well as narrow linewidth. In this case we obtained 0.05 cm -1 linewidth with 10 µ J output energy. The maximum output energy of the injection-locked oscillator was 110 mJ, which is 15% greater than that with free-running oscillation. We also presented a new method which can simply measure the power gain of the amplifier, by which the small signal gain coefficient of the amplifier was measured to be 10%/cm.
Development of new postoperative neck pain at 12 and 24 months after surgery for cervical spondylotic myelopathy: a Quality Outcomes Database study (2022)

Increased NDI at baseline, number of levels treated surgically, and duration of symptoms longer than 3 months preoperatively correlate positively with the risk of new-onset neck pain following CSM surgery. The majority of patients with new-onset neck pain still report satisfaction from surgery, suggesting that the risk of new-onset neck pain should not hinder indicated operations from being performed.
Anatomically Realistic Neonatal Heart Model for Use in Neonatal Patient Simulators (2019)

Neonatal patient simulators (NPS) are artificial patient surrogates used in the context of medical simulation training. Neonatologists and nursing staff practice clinical interventions such as chest compressions to ensure patient survival in the case of bradycardia or cardiac arrest. The simulators used currently are of low physical fidelity and therefore cannot provide qualitative insight into the procedure of chest compressions. The embedding of an anatomically realistic heart model in future simulators enables the detection of cardiac output generated during chest compressions; this can provide clinicians with an output parameter, which can deepen the understanding of the effect of the compressions in relation to the amount of blood flow generated. Before this monitoring can be achieved, an anatomically realistic heart model must be created containing: two atria, two ventricles, four heart valves, pulmonary veins and arteries, and systemic veins and arteries. This protocol describes the procedure for creating such a functional artificial neonatal heart model by utilizing a combination of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), 3D printing, and casting in the form of cold injection molding. Using this method with flexible 3D printed inner molds in the injection molding process, an anatomically realistic heart model can be obtained.
Hypocholesterolemic effects ofCurcuma longaL. withNelumbo nuciferaleaf in anin vitromodel and a high cholesterol diet-induced hypercholesterolemic mouse model (2015)

Hypercholesterolemia is one of the well-established risk factors for cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in coronary heart disease. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of different types of extracts (aqueous, 20%-, and 80% ethanol) of Nelumbo nucifera leaf (NL) and Curcuma Longa L. (CL) on hypercholesterolemia in in vitro and in vivo models. Our results in in vitro experiments showed that treatment with various extracts of both NL and CL dose-dependently inhibited lipid accumulation and total cholesterol content. The 20% ethanol extract of NL (NL20E) and the aqueous extract of CL (CLW) showed the highest activity. The in vivo experimental group was fed a high cholesterol diet (HCD) with oral administration of NL20E, CLW, or a mixture of NL20E with CLW (NC; mixed equal ratio) for 8 weeks. The oral administration of NL20E, CLW, and NC (100 or 300 mg/kg/day) resulted in the suppression of the levels of serum total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, liver lipid level, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), atherogenic index (AI), cardiac risk factor (CRF), cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), HMG-CoA reductase, and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS). Similarly, the NL20E, CLW, and NC extracts elevated high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels and lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activity. Furthermore, NC showed a remarkable hypocholesterolemic effect by decreasing the levels of hepatic TC, AI, LDL cholesterol, HMG-CoA reductase, and CRE and by increasing the levels of HDL cholesterol. Thus, the results of this study indicate that the NC has combined hypocholesterolemic effects that block lipid accumulation, thus preventing hypercholesterolemia.
Loop-Cancellation Technique: A Novel Nonlinear Feedback to Overcome the Destabilizing Effect of Constant-Power Loads (2009)

Tightly regulated closed-loop converters are problematic when used as a load since they tend to draw constant power and exhibit negative incremental resistance. This negative resistance causes stability problems for the feeder system, whether it is an input filter or another converter. In multiconverter power electronic systems, which exist in different land, sea, air, and space vehicles, including electric, hybrid, plug-in hybrid, and fuel-cell vehicles, there are many converters loaded by other converters. Therefore, the destabilizing effect of the load converters, which are called constant-power loads, is a major issue. In this paper, a novel nonlinear feedback, which is called loop cancellation, is introduced. This technique is used to cancel the destabilizing effect of the constant-power loads. Theoretically, any amount of constant-power load can be compensated by this technique, and it can identically be implemented on different types of converters. The effectiveness of the proposed technique has been verified by PSpice simulations and experimental results.
Selective Oxidation of Toluene to Benzaldehyde using Cu/Sn/Br Catalyst System (2011)

Liquid phase oxidation of toluene to benzaldehyde using a bimetallic catalyst consisting salts of copper, stannous; and sodium bromide as a promoter in acetic acid medium in the pres ence of air as oxidant has been investigated. The effect of different reaction parameters like temperature, pressure, substrate concentration, catalyst c oncentration on the toluene conversion and selectivity to benzaldehyde, benzyl alcohol and benzoic acid were studied. The catalytic activity and selectivity was found to be strongly influenced by the temperature and catalyst concentration. Br was found to be an essential component to initiate the oxidation reaction. High selectivity to be nzaldehyde (50-65%) with good conversion was achieved using Cu/Sn/Br catalyst system.
Stem Cell Therapy for Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: Bench to Bedside Translation (2015)

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a chronic lung disease affecting very premature infants, is a major cause of mortality and long-term morbidities despite of current progress in neonatal intensive care medicine. Though there has not been any effective treatment or preventive strategy for BPD, recent stem cell research seems to support the assumption that stem cell therapy could be a promising and novel therapeutic modality for attenuating BPD severity. This review summarizes the recent advances in stem cell research for treating BPD. In particular, we focused on the preclinical data about stem cell transplantation to improve the lung injury using animal models of neonatal BPD. These translational research provided the data related with the safety issue, optimal type of stem cells, optimal timing, route, and dose of cell transplantation, and potency marker of cells as a therapeutic agent. Those are essential subjects for the approval and clinical translation. In addition, the successful phase I clinical trial results of stem cell therapies for BPD are also discussed.
Observation of the Jahn-Teller effect with electron paramagnetic resonance (1984)

The aim of this chapter is to present recent progress made by experimental EPR studies in the field of localized JT clusters. Several reviews and books treated this subject before. Avoiding to a maximum the duplication of matters already treated in detail there on the one hand and the task to make the chapter reasonably self-sufficient on the other hand are two aims which are not easily reconciled. The chosen compromise does not totally avoid some repetitions as regards the models of the JT effect. The conventional theory of EPR was totally left aside in this chapter because it would hardly be possible to give an understandable account of the EPR theory in this short chapter. There are several recent excellent books available concerning this theory.
Enhanced HTS Hit Selection via a Local Hit Rate Analysis (2009)

The postprocessing of high-throughput screening (HTS) results is complicated by the occurrence of false positives (inactive compounds misidentified as active by the primary screen) and false negatives (active compounds misidentified as inactive by the primary screen). An activity cutoff is frequently used to select "active" compounds from HTS data; however, this approach is insensitive to both false positives and false negatives. An alternative method that can minimize the occurrence of these artifacts will increase the efficiency of hit selection and therefore lead discovery. In this work, rather than merely using the activity of a given compound, we look at the presence and absence of activity among all compounds in its "chemical space neighborhood" to give a degree of confidence in its activity. We demonstrate that this local hit rate (LHR) analysis method outperforms hit selection based on ranking by primary screen activity values across ten diverse high throughput screens, spanning both cell-based and biochemical assay formats of varying biology and robustness. On average, the local hit rate analysis method was approximately 2.3-fold and approximately 1.3-fold more effective in identifying active compounds and active chemical series, respectively, than selection based on primary activity alone. Moreover, when applied to finding false negatives, this method was 2.3-fold better than ranking by primary activity alone. In most cases, novel hit series were identified that would have otherwise been missed. Additional uses of and observations regarding this HTS analysis approach are also discussed.
The emergent properties of a dolphin social network (2003)

Many complex networks, including human societies, the Internet, the World Wide Web and power grids, have surprising properties that allow vertices (individuals, nodes, Web pages, etc.) to be in close contact and information to be transferred quickly between them. Nothing is known of the emerging properties of animal societies, but it would be expected that similar trends would emerge from the topology of animal social networks. Despite its small size (64 individuals), the Doubtful Sound community of bottlenose dolphins has the same characteristics. The connectivity of individuals follows a complex distribution that has a scale-free power-law distribution for large k. In addition, the ability for two individuals to be in contact is unaffected by the random removal of individuals. The removal of individuals with many links to others does affect the length of the 'information' path between two individuals, but, unlike other scale-free networks, it does not fragment the cohesion of the social network. These self-organizing phenomena allow the network to remain united, even in the case of catastrophic death events.
Global Lookahead Management (GLM) Protocol for Conservative DEVS Simulation (2010)

An approach to carrying out asynchronous distributed simulation of multiprocessor message passing architectures is presented. Aiming at achieving better performance on Conservative DEVS-based simulations, we introduce the GLM protocol which borrows the idea of safe processing intervals from the conservative time window algorithm and maintains global synchronization in a fashion similar to the distributed snapshot technique. Under the GLM scheme, a central look ahead manager (LM) exists which is in charge of receiving every LP's look ahead, identifying the global minimum look ahead of the system, and broadcasting it via null messages to all LPs. The simulation is divided into cycles of two phases: Parallel phase and Broadcast phase. The GLM protocol is asynchronous and the central look ahead manager is not expected to be a bottleneck since the only message transmissions involving it take place when all LPs are blocked waiting for permission to advance their LVTs. The results presented in this paper show that the GLM protocol not only significantly reduces the total number of null messages, but it improves the performance and higher speedups are achieved.
Preparation of Hollow Titanium Dioxide Shell Thin Films by Electrophoresis and Electrolysis for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (2009)

Titanium oxide thin films were prepared by cathodic electrolysis of a solution of ammonium hexafluorotitanate and ammonium nitrate at on polystyrene (PS) spheres template adsorbed on a transparent conducting substrate [fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO)] by electrophoresis. The calcination at converted the FTO∕PS core∕ shell to a hollow anatase-type titanium dioxide thin film. The energy-conversion efficiency of a dye-sensitized solar cell per weight using the hollow shell electrode was higher than that with a nanoparticle-sintered electrode.