gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Magnetic resonance imaging of vibrating granular beds by spatial scanning (1997)

Nuclear magnetic resonance is becoming an important experimental technique to study the behavior of moving granular materials because of its unique ability to measure concentration, velocity, and dissipation within the bulk granular materials rather than only on the surface. Of all the common motions of such assemblies of particles, the most difficult to measure is the vibrating bed because of the unsteady motion. This paper demonstrates a nuclear magnetic resonance imaging method to study highly energetic vibrating granular beds by spatial scanning. In contrast to Fourier imaging, spatial scanning prevents scattering of image intensities caused by unsteady motion. Two-dimensional images of a vibrating bed undergoing period doubling were obtained. A band of high shear was identified by reduced image intensity. It traveled back and forth across the bed with each cycle of up and down motion of the bed. Further studies of vibrating beds with the sequence modified for velocity encoding and velocity compensation should provide additional useful information.
Observations on the mechanism of the Pictet-Gams reaction (1973)

N-Acyl derivatives of 2-amino-I-phenylpropan-1-ol cyclise either to oxazolines or isoquinolines and since the oxazolines are readily converted into isoquinolines, their intermediacy in the Pictet–Gams reaction is postulated.
Self-sealing MEMS spray-nozzles to prevent bacterial contamination of portable inhalers for aqueous drug delivery (2022)

Pulmonary drug delivery by portable inhalers is the gold standard in lung disease therapy. An increasing focus on environmentally friendly inhalation currently spurs the development of propellant-free devices. However, the absence of propellants in the drug creates a need for suitable sealing systems that can ensure the pathogenic safety of devices. Traditionally, liquid drug inhalers incorporate a spray nozzle and a separate check valve. Here we show a fully integrated MEMS-based spray system for aqueous drug solutions and demonstrate its bacterial safety. The device comprises a thin silicon membrane with spray orifices, which self-seal against a compliant parylene valve seat underneath. This sealing system prevents bacterial ingrowth in its default closed state, while actuation lifts the membrane from the valve seat upon pressurization and sprays an inhalable aerosol from the nozzles. To seal against bacterial contamination effectively, we found that a contact force between the valve seat and the membrane (featuring the spray nozzles) is needed. In our testing, both self-sealing and an otherwise identical unvalved version of the spray chip can be bacterially safe in continued use when thoroughly cleaned of excess fluids and subjected to low bacterial loads for brief periods. However, when directly exposed to [Formula: see text] CFU/ml of our test organism Citrobacter rodentium for 24 h, unvalved systems become contaminated in nearly 90% of cases. In contrast, self-sealing spray chips reduced contamination probability by 70%. This development may enable preservative-free drug formulations in portable inhalers that use propellant-free aqueous drug solutions.
Activating mutations in MEK1 enhance homodimerization and promote tumorigenesis (2018)

RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK signaling has a well-defined role in cancer biology. Although aberrant pathway activation occurs mostly upstream of the kinase MEK, mutations in MEK are prevalent in some cancer subsets. Here, we found that cancer-related, activating mutations in MEK can be classified into two groups: those that relieve inhibitory interactions with the helix A region and those that are in-frame deletions of the β3-αC loop, which enhance MEK1 homodimerization. The former, helix A-associated mutants, are inhibited by traditional MEK inhibitors. However, we found that the increased homodimerization associated with the loop-deletion mutants promoted intradimer cross-phosphorylation of the activation loop and conferred differential resistance to MEK inhibitors both in vitro and in vivo. MEK1 dimerization was required both for its activation by the kinase RAF and for its catalytic activity toward the kinase ERK. Our findings not only identify a previously unknown group of MEK mutants and provide insight into some key steps in RAF-MEK-ERK activation but also have implications for the design of therapies targeting RAS-ERK signaling in cancers.
Silicon-modified carbohydrate surfactants. IV. The impact of substructures on the wetting behaviour of siloxanyl-modified carbohydrate surfactants on low-energy surfaces (1997)

The siloxanyl-modified carbohydrate surfactants investigated consist of the four structural elements: (1) siloxanyl moiety; (2) spacer; (3) carbohydrate unit; and (4) modifying element. By static surface tension (γsν — γsβ α) measurements the contact angles of the aqueous surfactant solutions above the critical micelle formation concentration (cmc) on nonpolar perfluorinated surfaces (FEP® plate) were determined. Although the siloxanyl units were found to have a high capacity to level out the interfacial properties, both surface tension and wetting tension react independently to defined changes in the chemical structure of the surfactant molecules. The results of spreading experiments on polyproylene show good correlation with the dependences found by wetting meaurements. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Intermolecular Reductive Radical Addition to 2-(2,2,2-Trifluoroethylidene)-1,3-dithiane 1-Oxide: Experimental and Theoretical Studies (2010)

Tin hydride mediated radical addition of organic halide to 2-(2,2,2-trifluoroethylidene)-1,3-dithiane 1-oxide has been devised. The reaction is equivalent to an unrealizable radical addition to trifluoromethylketene, providing useful α-trifluoromethyl carbonyl equivalents. The trifluoromethyl and the sulfoxide groups of the substrate play key roles for the success of the radical addition, lowering the barrier of the radical addition step and controlling the stereoselectivity of the reaction, which DFT calculations have elucidated.
Sublethal Lead Exposure Alters Movement Behavior in Free-Ranging Golden Eagles (2017)

Lead poisoning of animals due to ingestion of fragments from lead-based ammunition in carcasses and offal of shot wildlife is acknowledged globally and raises great concerns about potential behavioral effects leading to increased mortality risks. Lead levels in blood were correlated with progress of the moose hunting season. Based on analyses of tracking data, we found that even sublethal lead concentrations in blood (25 ppb, wet weight), can likely negatively affect movement behavior (flight height and movement rate) of free-ranging scavenging Golden Eagles (Aquila chrysaetos). Lead levels in liver of recovered post-mortem analyzed eagles suggested that sublethal exposure increases the risk of mortality in eagles. Such adverse effects on animals are probably common worldwide and across species, where game hunting with lead-based ammunition is widespread. Our study highlights lead exposure as a considerably more serious threat to wildlife conservation than previously realized and suggests implementation of bans of lead ammunition for hunting.
Design of Efficient Point-Mass Filter for Linear and Nonlinear Dynamic Models (2023)

This letter deals with the state estimation of nonlinear stochastic dynamic systems in the Bayesian framework. The emphasis is laid on the numerical solution to the Chapman-Kolmogorov equation by the widely-used point-mass method. It is shown, that the standard prediction step of the point-mass filter can be decomposed into two parts; <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">advection</i> and <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">diffusion</i> solution. This decomposition allows application of the fast Fourier transform, which <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">speeds up</i> the prediction step by several orders of magnitude making the point-mass filter attractive even for higher dimensional models. The proposed efficient point-mass filter is illustrated in a numerical simulation with available source codes and is compared with the particle filter.
New Rearranged Limonoids from Harrisonia perforata. III (2001)

Three new limonoids, named haperforins C2 (1), F (2), and G (3), were isolated from a sample of Harrisonia perforata leaves collected in Central Vietnam. Their structures were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses, and their NMR and mass spectral data are reported.
Identification of a Region of β-Amyloid Precursor Protein Essential for Its Gelatinase A Inhibitory Activity (2003)

Because beta-amyloid precursor protein (APP) has the abilities both to interact with extracellular matrix and to inhibit gelatinase A activity, this molecule is assumed to play a regulatory role in the gelatinase A-catalyzed degradation of extracellular matrix. To determine a region of APP essential for the inhibitory activity, we prepared various derivatives of APP. Functional analyses of proteolytic fragments of soluble APP (sAPP) and glutathione S-transferase fusion proteins, which contain various COOH-terminal parts of sAPP, showed that a site containing residues 579-601 of APP(770) is essential for the inhibitory activity. Moreover, a synthetic decapeptide containing the ISYGNDALMP sequence corresponding to residues 586-595 of APP(770) had a gelatinase A inhibitory activity slightly higher than that of sAPP. Studies of deletion of the NH(2)- and COOH-terminal residues and alanine replacement of internal residues of the decapeptide further revealed that Tyr(588), Asp(591), and Leu(593) of APP mainly stabilize the interaction between gelatinase A and the inhibitor. We also found that the residues of Ile(586), Met(594), and Pro(595) modestly contribute to the inhibitory activity. The APP-derived decapeptide efficiently inhibited the activity of gelatinase A (IC(50) = 30 nm), whereas its inhibitory activity toward membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase was much weaker (IC(50) = 2 microm). The decapeptide had poor inhibitory activity toward gelatinase B, matrilysin, and stromelysin (IC(50) > 10 microm). The APP-derived inhibitor formed a complex with active gelatinase A but not with progelatinase A, and the complex formation was prevented completely by a hydroxamate-based synthetic inhibitor. Therefore, the decapeptide region of APP is likely an active site-directed inhibitor that has high selectivity toward gelatinase A.
Skin Pigmentation as a Predictor of Minimal Phototoxic Dose After Oral Methoxsalen (1994)

Skin pigmentation measurements can be used to predict the minimal phototoxic and erythema doses. Skin pigmentation measurements are easy to perform and should be included in both phototherapy and photochemotherapy to improve the efficiency and reliability of the treatment.
A load-pull approach to design an optimum load impedance and matching network for class-F RF power amplifier (2017)

This paper presents a Load-pull approach to design a fundamental load impedance and independent matching for class-F RF power amplifier high efficiency operation. The output used a transmitting type active integrated antenna. Power amplifier was design and simulated using Cree GaN FET CGH40010F transistor device at 2.62-GHz operating frequency. The performance of the network has improved by 78% power added efficiency at 30dBm output power.
First Use of Cardiac Contractility Modulation (CCM) in a Patient Failing CRT Therapy: Clinical and Technical aspects of combined therapies (2007)

Cardiac contractility modulating (CCM) signals delivered by the OPTIMIZER System are being investigated as a treatment for medically refractory heart failure. Previous chronic studies of CCM have excluded patients with prolonged QRS and a cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) device. However, symptoms persist in more than 25% of these CRT patients. CCM may offer a therapeutic option for these non-responders. Here we report the first use of CCM signals in a patient who did not respond to treatment with a CRT-D device. We show that the implantation is technically feasible, that the OPTIMIZER and CRT-D devices can coexist without interference and that acute haemodynamic and clinical improvements can be observed. The results suggest that systematic investigation of CCM treatment in CRT non-responders is warranted.
Time Distribution Mapping: a Generic Transient Signal Monitoring Technique for Prognostic Methods (2012)

The utilization of steady state monitoring techniques has become an established means of providing diagnostic and prognostic information for systems and equipment. This is mainly driven by both the wealth of available analysis techniques and the comparatively larger amount of data. However, steady state data is not the only, or in some cases, even the best source of information regarding the health and state of a system. Transient data has largely been overlooked as a source of system information due to the additional complexity in analyzing these types of signals. Time Distribution Mapping via the Sharp Transform allows for a fast, intuitive, generic quantification of deviations a transient signal from an established norm. Without regard to the type or source of the signal, referencing to an established Time Distribution Map can implicitly capture shifts mean, standard deviation, skewness, or even gross frequency shifts without need of additional processing. By quantifying and trending these shifts, an accurate measure of system heath can be established and utilized by prognostic algorithms. In fact, for some systems the elevated stress levels during transients can provide better, more clear indications of system health than those derived from steady state monitoring.
The First Raman Spectrum of an Organic Monolayer on a High-Temperature Superconductor:  Direct Spectroscopic Evidence for a Chemical Interaction between an Amine and YBa2Cu3O7-δ (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTThe First Raman Spectrum of an Organic Monolayer on a High-Temperature Superconductor: Direct Spectroscopic Evidence for a Chemical Interaction between an Amine and YBa2Cu3O7-δJin Zhu, Feng Xu, Susan J. Schofer, and Chad A. MirkinView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University Evanston, Illinois 60208 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 1, 235–236Publication Date (Web):January 8, 1997Publication History Received25 July 1996Published online8 January 1997Published inissue 1 January 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja962556lhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja962556lrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views401Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Adsorption,Colloids,Gold,Monolayers,Raman spectroscopy Get e-Alerts
CUSTO DE PRODUÇÃO DE MUDAS DE ABACAXIZEIRO MICROPROPAGADAS (2015)

A partir da propagação in vitro podem-se produzir rapidamente grandes quantidades de mudas de abacaxizeiro geneticamente uniformes e de excelente sanidade. Porém, apesar destas vantagens, o seu custo é elevado. O trabalho teve como objetivo estudar o custo de produção de mudas de abacaxizeiro micropropagadas. O custo de produção das mudas de abacaxizeiro foi obtido baseado na análise dos procedimentos de micropropagação descritos na literatura. Os preços dos insumos foram levantados junto ao Laboratório de Micropropagação da UNESP de Ilha Solteira. O meio básico utilizado é o de Murashige &amp; Skoog (MS). Considerou-se a inoculação das gemas em tubos de ensaio e a multiplicação em frascos. Adotou-se como referência 100 gemas inoculadas inicialmente a partir de 10 mudas, com uma taxa de desenvolvimento de 60% e uma taxa de multiplicação de 1000 plântulas por gema. Ao final do processo deve ser obtido algo em torno de 60.000 mudas micropropagadas, considerando-se que não ocorram perdas na fase de aclimatação. O custo de produção foi estimado em R$ 0,46 por muda, o que corresponde de 89% a 94% a mais que o custo de uma muda convencional. Desta forma, conclui-se que o alto custo de produção das mudas de abacaxizeiro micropropagadas é o principal fator que tem limitado a sua utilização em lavouras comerciais.
Function of the p97–Ufd1–Npl4 complex in retrotranslocation from the ER to the cytosol (2003)

A member of the family of ATPases associated with diverse cellular activities, called p97 in mammals and Cdc48 in yeast, associates with the cofactor Ufd1-Npl4 to move polyubiquitinated polypeptides from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane into the cytosol for their subsequent degradation by the proteasome. Here, we have studied the mechanism by which the p97-Ufd1-Npl4 complex functions in this retrotranslocation pathway. Substrate binding occurs when the first ATPase domain of p97 (D1 domain) is in its nucleotide-bound state, an interaction that also requires an association of p97 with the membrane through its NH2-terminal domain. The two ATPase domains (D1 and D2) of p97 appear to alternate in ATP hydrolysis, which is essential for the movement of polypeptides from the ER membrane into the cytosol. The ATPase itself can interact with nonmodified polypeptide substrates as they emerge from the ER membrane. Polyubiquitin chains linked by lysine 48 are recognized in a synergistic manner by both p97 and an evolutionarily conserved ubiquitin-binding site at the NH2 terminus of Ufd1. We propose a dual recognition model in which the ATPase complex binds both a nonmodified segment of the substrate and the attached polyubiquitin chain; polyubiquitin binding may activate the ATPase p97 to pull the polypeptide substrate out of the membrane.
A role for coagulation factor Xa in experimental pulmonary arterial hypertension (2011)

Selective, direct inhibition of FXa by rivaroxaban effectively prevented RV dysfunction and hypertrophy in MCT-injected rats, indicating a role for coagulation factors in experimental pulmonary hypertension. Clinical investigation of the impact of early and continued administration of a specific FXa inhibitor such as rivaroxaban on the course of PAH should be considered.
A Droplet-Manipulation Method for Achieving High-Throughput in Cross-Referencing-Based Digital Microfluidic Biochips (2008)

Digital microfluidic biochips are revolutionizing high-throughput DNA, immunoassays, and clinical diagnostics. As high-throughput bioassays are mapped to digital microfluidic platforms, the need for design automation techniques for pin-constrained biochips is being increasingly felt. However, most prior work on biochips computer-aided design has assumed independent control of the underlying electrodes using a large number of (electrical) input pins. We propose a droplet-manipulation method based on a ldquocross-referencingrdquo addressing method that uses ldquorowrdquo and ldquocolumnsrdquo to access electrodes. By mapping the droplet-movement problem on a cross-referenced chip to the clique-partitioning problem from graph theory, the proposed method allows simultaneous movement of a large number of droplets on a microfluidic array. Concurrency is enhanced through the use of an efficient scheduling algorithm that determines the order in which groups of droplets are moved. The proposed design-automation method facilitates high-throughput applications on a pin-constrained biochip, and it is evaluated using random synthetic benchmarks and a set of multiplexed bioassays.
Well-Defined PIII-Terminated Polymers from Phosphorylated Carbodithioate RAFT Agents (2021)

Five S-alkyl di-tert-butylphosphorylated carbodithioates, Z–C(S)SR, were studied as chain transfer agents (CTAs) in the RAFT polymerization of vinyl monomers. These phosphorus-containing CTAs involve new PIII and PV moieties in the Z group (phosphine-borane or free phosphine). Two of them, with an S-bonded 1-methoxycarbonylethyl group as leaving group, have not previously been described. The CTAs with a PV Z group provide good control over the polymerization of styrene (St) and n-butyl acrylate (nBA). Molar masses are close to theoretical values, and dispersities are consistently low during polymerization. The monitoring of polymerization by 31P NMR spectroscopy supports the controlled character and the integrity of the polymer chain ends. Conversely, they inhibit the polymerization of the less-activated monomer vinyl acetate (VAc). The reactivity of the CTAs with a PIII Z group mainly depends on the reaction medium, and their performance for St, nBA, and VAc was surprising and unexpected. Theoretical calculations were carried out to rationalize their behavior. Finally, an innovative strategy was developed to obtain well-controlled polymers with free phosphine ω-chain ends.
Tensile Behavior and Cold Workability of Ti-Mo Alloys (2004)

Three kinds of titanium-molybdenum alloy, Ti-8Mo, Ti-14Mo and Ti-20Mo (mass%), quenched from 1223 K were investigated to clarify the tensile behavior and the cold workability using tensile test and conical cup test. In the quenched state Ti-14Mo showed the superior workability. Ti-20Mo has poor ductility in tensile test, but has relatively good formability in conical cup test. Both Ti-8Mo and Ti-14Mo became brittle through a cold rolling of 50% reduction in thickness; however Ti-20Mo did not change in workability by the cold rolling at all. Hardness remarkably increased with rolling reduction in Ti-8Mo and Ti-14Mo, but was almost constant in Ti-20Mo, especially with Ti-20Mo containing high oxygen. Microstructure of Ti-8Mo and Ti-14Mo rolled until seventy-odd percentage exhibited very fine structure and changed to α′ + β and β structure, respectively. On the other hand Ti-20Mo hardly changed in microstructure by a cold rolling besides the formation of some band-like products. The product was composed of single variant of commensurate ω-phase, whereas the matrix contained four variants of incommensurate ω-phase. It was suggested that the peculiar deformation mechanism of Ti-20Mo was concerned with stress induced transformation of the ω-phase.