gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The MOR-1 Opioid Receptor Regulates Glucose Homeostasis by Modulating Insulin Secretion (2009)

In addition to producing analgesia, opioids have also been proposed to regulate glucose homeostasis by altering insulin secretion. A considerable controversy exists, however, regarding the contribution of the mu-opioid receptor (MOR-1) to insulin secretion dynamics. We employed congenic C57BL/6J MOR-1 knockout (KO) mice to clarify the role of MOR in glucose homeostasis. We first found that both sexes of MOR-1 KO mice weigh more than wild-type mice throughout postnatal life and that this increase includes preferentially increased fat deposition. We also found that MOR-1 KO mice exhibit enhanced glucose tolerance that results from insulin hypersecretion that reflects increased beta-cell mass and increased secretory dynamics in the MOR-1 mutant mice compared with wild type. Analysis of the isolated islets indicated that islet insulin hypersecretion is mediated directly by MOR expressed on islet cells via a mechanism downstream of ATP-sensitive K(+) channel activation by glucose. These findings indicate that MOR-1 regulates body weight by a mechanism that involves insulin secretion and thus may represent a novel target for new diabetes therapies.
Phospha-adamantanes as ligands for palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions (2003)

New and robust methodologies have been designed for palladium-catalyzed crosscoupling&#13;\nreactions involving·a novel·class oftertiary phosphine ligand incorporating a&#13;\nphospha-adamantane framework. It has been realized that bulky, electron-rich&#13;\nphosphines, when used as ligands for palladium, allow for cross-coupling reactions&#13;\ninvolving even the less reactive aryl halide substrates with a variety of coupling partners.&#13;\nIn an effort to design new ligands suitable for carrying out cross-coupling&#13;\ntransformations, the secondary phosphine, 1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-2,4,8-trioxa-6phosphaadamantane&#13;\nwas converted into a number of tertiary phosphine derivatives. The&#13;\nability of these tertiary phosphaadamantanes to act as effective ligands in the palladiumcatalyzed&#13;\nSuzuki cross-coupling was examined. 1,3,5,7-Tetramethyl-6-phenyl-2,4,8trioxa-&#13;\n6-phosphaadamantane (PA-Ph) used in combination with Pdz(dba)3permitted the&#13;\nreaction of an array of aryl iodides, bromides and chlorides with a variety arylboronic&#13;\nacids to give biaryls in good to excellent yields. Subsequently, palladium complexes of&#13;\nPA-Ph were prepared and isolated in high yields as air stable palladium bisphosphine&#13;\ncomplexes. Two different kinds of crystals were isolated and upon characterization&#13;\nrevealed two complexes, Pd(PA-Ph)z.dba and Pd(PA-Ph)zOz. Preliminary screening for&#13;\ntheir catalytic activity indicated that the former is more reactive than the latter. Pd(PAPh)&#13;\nz.dba was applied as the catalyst for Sonogashira cross-coupling reactions of aryl&#13;\niodides and bromides and in the reactions of aryl bromides and chlorides with ketones to&#13;\ngive a-arylated ketones at mild temperatures in high yields.
On-line recognition of cursive Hangul characters by modeling extended graphemes (2002)

We propose an effective method for online cursive Hangul recognition. Extended graphemes are modeled separately to recognize cursive characters, and rule processing is combined with elastic matching to discriminate similar characters. The extended graphemes consist of basic graphemes and connected graphemes of two or three basic graphemes which are frequently found in cursive Hangul characters. The rule based processing catches the specific features of graphemes whereas the elastic matching catches the general features of graphemes so the integration of two methods could complement the deficiencies of each other. In terms of integrating rules with elastic matching we could reduce 40.35% of error rates of grapheme recognition. The experiments produce 94.1% recognition rate for 479,326 Hangul characters (2350 different characters).
Transplantation and non-invasive longitudinal in vivo imaging of parathyroid cells (2022)

Abstract The parathyroid cell is a critical physiological regulator of extracellular Ca 2+ levels via secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH). Regulation of PTH secretion is complex, not fully understood and represents a unique feature between extracellular Ca 2+ , intracellular Ca 2+ , and hormone secretion. One major problem in parathyroid research is the difficulty maintaining surgically procured cells ex vivo to allow detailed cellular characterization. Here, we introduce a new platform for transplantation and non-invasive in vivo imaging of parathyroid cells using the anterior chamber of the eye as a transplantation site. Parathyroid tissue pieces transplanted into the mouse eye engrafted on the iris became vascularized and retained cellular composition. Transplanted animals showed elevated PTH levels as a sign of a functional graft. In vivo confocal microscopy allowed repetitive monitoring of parathyroid graft morphology and vascularization. In summary, there is an urgent need for novel methods to characterize complex cellular processes in parathyroid cells. We show a novel method and strategy for non-invasive in vivo investigations that can be applied under physiological and pathological conditions, enabling deepening knowledge of parathyroid physiology and pathology.
Neoclerodane Diterpenoids fromScutellaria barbata (2011)

Eight new neoclerodane diterpenoids (1- 8), scutebatas H-O, together with eight known compounds, have been isolated from the whole plant of Scutellaria barbata D. Don. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic studies. In vitro cytotoxicity of selected compounds against cancer cell lines HL-60, SMMC-7721, A-549, MCF-7, and SW480 was evaluated. Compounds 5, 6, 7 showed moderate cytotoxicities against several human cancer cell lines, with IC50 values ranging from 12.6-31.4 µM. In addition, compound 1 showed selective cytotoxicity against MCF-7.
Adaptive Tracking Controller Design of Nonlinear Systems With Time Delays and Unknown Dead-Zone Input (2008)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> This paper focuses on the tracking control problem for a class of nonlinear system with time delays and dead-zone input. The nonsymmetric dead-zone input case is considered without the knowledge of the dead zone parameters. The time delay uncertainties are bounded by a nonlinear function with unknown coefficients. By constructing a novel Lyapunov functional, we design a simple and smooth adaptive state feedback controller. It is shown that the solution of the resulting closed-loop error system converges to an adjustable region exponentially. Finally, numerical examples are included to show the effectiveness of the theoretical results. </para>
Persistence of leukemia stem cells in chronic myelogenous leukemia patients in prolonged remission with imatinib treatment (2011)

Imatinib mesylate treatment markedly reduces the burden of leukemia cells in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) patients. However, patients remain at risk for relapse on discontinuing treatment. We have previously shown that residual BCR-ABL(+) progenitors can be detected in CML patients within the first 2 years of imatinib treatment. However, reduced rates of relapse and continued decline of BCR-ABL levels with prolonged treatment, together with the ability of selected patients to maintain remission after discontinuing treatment, led us to investigate whether prolonged imatinib exposure resulted in reduction or elimination of BCR-ABL(+) stem cells. We evaluated BCR-ABL expression in CD34(+)CD38(+) (38(+)) committed progenitors and CD34(+)CD38(-) (38(-)) stem/primitive progenitor cells in samples from CML patients on imatinib treatment for at least 4 years with cytogenetic and molecular response. High levels of BCR-ABL expression were maintained over time in the 38(-) stem cell fraction. The absolute frequency of BCR-ABL(+) cells as determined by limiting dilution analysis was consistently higher in 38(-) compared with 38(+) cells. Transplantation into NOD/SCID-IL2Rγ-chain knockout mice demonstrated that BCR-ABL(+) cells had long-term in vivo repopulating capacity. These results directly demonstrate that BCR-ABL(+) stem cells persist in CML patients despite prolonged treatment with imatinib, and support ongoing efforts to target this population.
Determination of CYP2C9-Catalyzed Diclofenac 4'-Hydroxylation by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (2006)

A reverse-phase, high-performance liquid chromatography method is described for quantification of diclofenac 4′-hydroxylation catalyzed by human liver microsomes or cDNA-expressed CYP2C9. Analytical separation is achieved using a C18 column developed with a gradient of 30% acetonitrile and 2 mM perchloric acid in water to 100% methanol, with detection at 280 nm. This method is applicable to enzymatic studies for determination of CYP2C9-catalyzed diclofenac 4′-hydroxylation activity.
Videofish: TV Worth Catching (2004)

The Videofish project at USF is a two-semester course which brings together students in the arts and engineering to build an underwater unmanned vehicle capable of displaying videos. As a result of accommodating the needs of the diverse populations, three novel forms of delivery have been developed: skill workshops, which serve to equalize the hands-on abilities of different students, multi-media presentations, which incorporate the excitement of advanced visual presentation techniques with engineering details, and studio critiques, where the presentation and style of evaluation of art, architecture, and industrial design projects are applied to engineering proposals.
Influence of residual disorder on the anticrossing of Bloch modes probed inkspace (2008)

We retrieve the dispersion properties of photonic crystal waveguides near the band edge with high experimental accuracy. The dispersion diagram of the waveguide modes in the complex-valued plane is directly measured in the far field by using a Fourier space imaging technique. We show that the investigation of the modes in $k$ space provides a clear signature of the transition between propagating, evanescent, and localized modes. It allows us to determine the impact of the structural disorder and of the dissipation on the group velocity of the propagating wave in the slow light regime.
A Nonintrusive and In-Service Motor Efficiency Estimation Method using Air-Gap Torque with Considerations of Condition Monitoring (2006)

Energy usage evaluation and condition monitoring for electric machines are important in industry for overall energy savings. They are often expected to be implemented in an integrated product because of many common requirements such as data collection. Because of the uninterrupted characteristic of industrial processes, traditional methods defined in IEEE Standard 112 cannot be used for these in-service motors. This paper proposes a truly nonintrusive method for in-service motor efficiency estimation based on air-gap torque using only motor terminal quantities and nameplate information, with special considerations of motor condition monitoring requirements. Rotor speed and stator resistance, the stumbling blocks of most in-service testing methods, are extracted from motor input currents instead of being measured. The no-load test, which is required for calculating the rotational loss and core loss, is eliminated by using empirical values. Stray-load loss is assumed according to the motor horse power as suggested in IEEE Standard 112. Finally, the proposed method is validated by testing three induction motors with different configurations. Experimental results show that the proposed method can estimate motor efficiencies with less than 2% errors under normal load conditions
Associations between observed parenting behavior and adolescent inflammation two and a half years later in a community sample. (2017)

This is the first study to show that observed positive parenting is associated with lower levels of inflammation in adolescents. (PsycINFO Database Record
Symbiosis as an adaptive process and source of phenotypic complexity (2007)

Genomics has revealed that inheritance systems of separate species are often not well segregated: genes and capabilities that evolve in one lineage are often stably acquired by another lineage. Although direct gene transfer between species has occurred at some level in all major groups, it appears to be far more frequent in prokaryotes than in multicellular eukaryotes. An alternative to incorporating novel genes into a recipient genome is acquiring a stable, possibly heritable, symbiotic association and thus enjoying benefits of complementary metabolic capabilities. These kinds of symbioses have arisen frequently in animals; for example, many insect groups have diversified on the basis of symbiotic associations acquired early in their evolutionary histories. The resulting associations are highly complex, often involving specialized cell types and organs, developmental mechanisms that ensure transfer of symbionts between generations, and mechanisms for controlling symbiont proliferation and location. The genomes of long-term obligate symbionts often undergo irreversible gene loss and deterioration even as hosts evolve dependence on them. In some cases, animal genomes may have acquired genes from symbionts, mirroring the gene uptake from mitochondrial and plastid genomes. Multiple symbionts often coexist in the same host, resulting in coadaptation among several phylogenetically distant genomes.
Topical administration of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist as a therapy for aqueous-deficient dry eye in autoimmune disease. (2013)

IL-1R antagonist, anakinra, demonstrates therapeutic benefits as a topical treatment for aqueous-deficient dry eye in a spontaneous mouse model of autoimmune KCS that mimics the clinical characteristics of SS. Targeting the IL-1/IL-1R1 signaling pathway through topical administration of IL-1RA may provide a novel option to improve ocular surface integrity, increase tear secretion, and restore the normal glycosylation pattern of GC mucins in patients with SS.
Definition of MHC and T cell receptor contacts in the HLA-DR4restricted immunodominant epitope in type II collagen and characterization of collagen-induced arthritis in HLA-DR4 and human CD4 transgenic mice (1998)

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease associated with the HLA-DR4 and DR1 alleles. The target autoantigen(s) in RA is unknown, but type II collagen (CII) is a candidate, and the DR4- and DR1-restricted immunodominant T cell epitope in this protein corresponds to amino acids 261-273 (CII 261-273). We have defined MHC and T cell receptor contacts in CII 261-273 and provide strong evidence that this peptide corresponds to the peptide binding specificity previously found for RA-associated DR molecules. Moreover, we demonstrate that HLA-DR4 and human CD4 transgenic mice homozygous for the I-Abbeta0 mutation are highly susceptible to collagen-induced arthritis and describe the clinical course and histopathological changes in the affected joints.
Supplementary Table 2 from Development and Characterization of HPV-Positive and HPV-Negative Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Tumorgrafts (2023)

&lt;p&gt;XLSX file - 76K, Differentiation of tumorgraft passages&lt;/p&gt;
The Bcl-2 family member BIM has multiple glaucoma-relevant functions in DBA/2J mice (2012)

Axonal insult induces retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death through a BAX-dependent process. The pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 family member BIM is known to induce BAX activation. BIM expression increased in RGCs after axonal injury and its induction was dependent on JUN. Partial and complete Bim deficiency delayed RGC death after mechanical optic nerve injury. However, in a mouse model of glaucoma, DBA/2J mice, Bim deficiency did not prevent RGC death in eyes with severe optic nerve degeneration. In a subset of DBA/2J mice, Bim deficiency altered disease progression resulting in less severe nerve damage. Bim deficient mice exhibited altered optic nerve head morphology and significantly lessened intraocular pressure elevation. Thus, a decrease in axonal degeneration in Bim deficient DBA/2J mice may not be caused by a direct role of Bim in RGCs. These data suggest that BIM has multiple roles in glaucoma pathophysiology, potentially affecting susceptibility to glaucoma through several mechanisms.
Simple electrospray mass spectrometry detection of acylhomoserine lactones (2005)

Simple (non-tandem) electrospray mass spectrometry (ESMS) can detect acyl homoserine lactones (AHL) in bacteriological media in picomole amounts. The chemical reactivity of AHLs and their extraction behaviour into ethyl acetate, coupled with detection in the ESMS, has shown that these lactones can be detected as the protonated pseudomolecular ions themselves as well as solvent and ammonium adducts, and as dimers. ESMS detects and identifies these molecules, utilizing simple chemical properties of AHLs.
Regimen-related toxicity in patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation. (1988)

Bone marrow transplantation is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, some of which is due to high-dose chemoradiotherapy. In order to quantitate toxicity that was felt to be due to the preparative regimen (termed regimen-related toxicity [RRT]), a system was developed in which toxicities were graded from 0 (none) to 4 (fatal). One hundred ninety-five patients who underwent marrow transplantation for leukemia were studied retrospectively to determine whether toxicities that were clinically felt to be due to the preparative regimen were influenced by other factors such as disease status, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis, and allogenicity. All patients developed grade I toxicity in at least one organ, and 30 developed grades III-IV (life-threatening or fatal) RRT. RRT was more common in relapsed patients v remission patients (P = .04), in those receiving 15.75 Gy total body irradiation (TBI) v 12.0 Gy TBI (P = .028), and in those receiving allogeneic marrow v autologous marrow (P = .0029). Autologous marrow recipients did not develop grades III-IV toxicity in this study. A multivariate analysis controlling for autologous marrow grafting showed that the dose of TBI was the only statistically significant predictor of grades III-IV RRT. Those patients who developed grade III RRT were unlikely to survive 100 days from transplant, though not all deaths could be attributed to RRT. Patients who developed grade II toxicity in three or more organs were more likely to die within 100 days than those developing grade II toxicity in two or less organs (P = .0027). This system was generally able to distinguish RRT from other toxicities observed in marrow recipients.
Comparison Between Cryogenic Radiometry and the Predicted Quantum Efficiency of pn Silicon Photodiode Light Traps (1991)

In an earlier publication a silicon photodiode self-calibration boot-strap technique was demonstrated in a 633 nm laser power intercomparison with a cryogenic radiometer. The experiment involved individual silicon photodiodes whose quantum efficiency was determined at 633 nm from quantum efficiency measurements made at 442 nm. Although the results were quite good, there were some problems with that intercomparison that warranted further experimental work, the biggest problem being the instability of the reflectance of the silicon photodiodes. In this paper we report a second comparison of the boot-strap technique with a cryogenic radiometer where the reflectance stability problem has been solved by using three-detector light traps instead of individual silicon photodiodes. For five different trap detectors the average difference between the predicted absolute responsivity at 633 nm and that measured by comparison to a cryogenic radiometer was 0,010% within a combined uncertainty of 0,025%.
Molecular-Resolution Interrogation of a Porphyrin Monolayer by Ultrahigh Vacuum Tip-Enhanced Raman and Fluorescence Spectroscopy (2015)

Tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS) and optically excited tip-enhanced fluorescence (TEF) of a self-assembled porphyrin monolayer on Ag(111) are studied using an ultrahigh vacuum scanning tunneling microscope (UHV-STM). Through selectively exciting different Q-bands of meso-tetrakis- (3,5-ditertiarybutylphenyl)-porphyrin (H2TBPP), chemical information regarding different vibronic excited states is revealed by a combination of theory and experiment; namely, TERS and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) simulations. The observed TEF spectra suggest a weak coupling of H2TBPP to the substrate due to the bulky t-butyl groups and a possible alternative excited state decay path. This work demonstrates the potential of combining TERS and TEF for studying surface-mounted porphyins on substrates, thus providing insight into porphyrin-sensitized solar cells and catalysis.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereocontrolled 1,3‐Phosphatyloxy and 1,3‐Halogen Migration Relay Toward Highly Functionalized 1,3‐Dienes. (2012)

Abstract The first example of 1,3‐migration of iodine is presented, cf.
Interpreting load paths and stress trajectories in elasticity (2000)

Design engineers use the term load path to describe, in general terms, the way in which loads path through a structure from the points of application to the points where they are reacted. In contrast, stress trajectories are more clearly identified by the direction of the principal stress vectors at a point. The first author proposed a simple definition of the term load path in 1995 and proposed procedures to determine load paths from two‐dimensional finite element solutions. In this paper, the concept of load paths will be further explored and related to stress trajectories and Michell structures. The insight given when determining the load transfer near a pin‐loaded hole will be demonstrated. In addition a cantilevered beam will be considered and an introduction to plotting load paths in three‐dimensional structures is given.
Comparing government agendas: executive speeches in the Netherlands, United Kingdom, Denmark and Spain (2009)

At the beginning of each Parliamentary session, almost all European governments give a speech in which they present the government’s policy goals and legislative agenda for the year to come. Despite the enormous body of literature on governments in European parliamentary democracies, systematic work on these executive policy agendas is surprisingly limited. In this paper we compare the evolvement of executive policy agendas - measured through the annual government speeches in four West European countries, UK, Spain, the Netherlands and Denmark over the past 50 years. We find that government policy agendas on the one hand are relatively stable on a year to year basis, On the other hand, when looking at the long-term development, government policy agendas do show significant patterns of change, which furthermore looks remarkably similar across the four countries despite the differences in the four countries’ political institutional structure. Hence, over the long run, executive policy agendas do change substantially, but contrary to election-based explanations of policy change, elections are not the main driver of change. Instead, the results are consistent with a more general model of issue intrusion