gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Special issues (1992)

Purpose This review focuses on the neurologic issues concerning the treatment of hypoor hyperglycemia in the critically ill patient. Data Sources Articles written in English and identified through the Bibliographic Retrieved Service Colleague database. Study Selection Articles chosen on the basis of their relevance to the issue of blood glucose management and its neurologic effects in critically ill patients. Data Extraction Data from articles were analyzed to obtain a scientific foundation and rationale for treating abnormal blood glucose levels. Data Synthesis Moderate hypoglycemia may evoke a significant stress response, behavioral changes, and alterations in cerebral blood flow and metabolism. It is unclear what effect prolonged or repeated episodes of moderate hypoglycemia may have on patient outcome. However, alterations in cerebral vascular physiology must be addressed when caring for patients with cerebral ischemia or intracranial compliance problems. Depending on its severity, hypoglycemia has varying influences on neurologic damage after ischemia. Hyperglycemia may impair neuronal recovery following cerebral ischemia. However, the detrimental effects of hyperglycemia vary depending on the types of brain ischemia sustained (focal or global). Evidence suggests that hyperglycemia during global and incomplete global ischemia events is detrimental to neurologic outcome. However, the relationship between hyperglycemia and outcome after focal ischemia is controversial. Conclusion Because both hypo- and hyperglycemia may produce neurologic changes, aggressive management of abnormal glucose values is warranted. (Crit Care Med 1991; 20:104)
Off-Grid Sparse Stepped-Frequency SAR Imaging With Adaptive Basis (2019)

In this paper, the sparse stepped frequency synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging under basis mismatch is investigated. The traditional CS imaging quality decreases significantly during the target point being not on the grid point. Thus an adaptive basis constructed by the frequency shift within one grid is proposed to reduce the mismatch error and recover the off-grid targets accurately. An efficient algorithm of orthogonal matching pursuit is applied in this paper to solve the sparse regularization problem. Simulation results based on two-dimensional sparse data verify the feasibility of the proposed method.
Improved, operationally-passive interferometric demodulation method using 3×3 coupler (2002)

An improved algorithm for demodulating the phase output of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer that uses a 3×3 coupler is presented. Error analysis and experimental data show how a generalised 3×3 coupler description eliminates signal distortion and frequency mixing.
In situ measurement of reflection and diffraction coefficients of UHF radio waves on buildings using a ring array (2000)

The lack of reliable estimates of the reflection and diffraction coefficients of radio waves by urban structures is one of the main barriers to deterministic modeling of the UHF channel. In complex environments such as urban areas, the reception of multiple echoes of the transmitted signal generally prevents direct in situ measurements of these coefficients. For the present study, the contributions of the different paths to the measured received power were separated by coupling the channel impulse response sounding with the determination of the direction of arrival (DOA). From experimental data we were able to isolate the field component generated by reflection or diffraction on buildings by both delay and angle of incidence. We deduced the corresponding reflection and diffraction coefficients. The wave DOA was determined using a ring array. The angle of arrival patterns were extracted by two different methods, namely the Wiener inversion method and the beam‐forming method. The coefficients deduced by these two techniques are shown to be very close. These results are also similar to those obtained without the help of DOA separation when delay resolution makes them available. We also show the validity of geometrical rays to represent reflection and diffraction of decimetric waves on the kind of building concerned.
307 Improving Compliance with Standard of Care Guidelines for Suspected Cauda Equina Syndrome Across A District General Hospital Network (2021)

Abstract Introduction Cauda equina syndrome (CES) is a spinal emergency that cannot be reliably detected through clinical examination alone and as a result requires prompt MR imaging to provide a diagnosis. This audit examined compliance to standard of care following service improvements in line with the updated SBNS/BASS national guidelines for CES. Method A retrospective analysis of 200 patients referred to neurosurgery for suspected CES: 100 pre- and 100 post-service improvement SBNS guideline implementation. The online neurosurgical database was reviewed, cases assessed for completeness of referral information (including appropriate exam and pre-referral MRI) with patient demographics, referring hospital and outcome also recorded. Results Prior to the SBNS guidelines only 19 patients received MRI prior to referral, 70% of all referrals were incomplete or contained erroneous clinical information. Post-service improvements there was a 68% increase of pre-referral MRI (32 cases), and an improvement in quality of clinical information with only 19% of referrals providing insufficient or unreliable information. Conclusions Through relatively simple changes to local policy, patient care flow and education of emergency department clinicians we have significantly improved pre-referral MRI rates as well as overall referral quality across the whole DGH network.
X-Ray Diffraction data from integrin alphaVbeta6 head/pro-TGF-beta1 complex, source of 5FFO structure (2016)

x-ray images
Supplementary Data from Intracellular Clusterin Inhibits Mitochondrial Apoptosis by Suppressing p53-Activating Stress Signals and Stabilizing the Cytosolic Ku70-Bax Protein Complex (2023)

Supplementary Data from Intracellular Clusterin Inhibits Mitochondrial Apoptosis by Suppressing p53-Activating Stress Signals and Stabilizing the Cytosolic Ku70-Bax Protein Complex
Manganese-based oxide electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction: a review (2023)

The oxygen evolution reaction (OER), as an essential process in water decomposition and air batteries, has received increasing attention in the context of clean energy production and efficient energy storage.
Regulation of secretion of IL-4 and IgG1 isotype by melatonin-stimulated ovalbumin-specific T cells (1998)

In the present study, we describe the potential role of melatonin, a pineal hormone, in regulating the activation of the antigen-specific T cell response. Melatonin encouraged the proliferation of Th cells and improved their ability to secrete IL-4, but down-regulated the levels of IL-2 and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). Melatonin, however, could not exert any influence on the T cells of unprimed mice. On studying the regulation of subclass of IgG isotype, melatonin specifically enhanced the secretion of antigen-specific IgG1 antibodies and decreased the yield of IgG2a isotype. The results suggest that melatonin possibly acts by selectively activating a Th2-like immune response.
Absolute Intensity Measurements in the Vacuum Ultraviolet*† (1964)

Photo-ionization of the rare gases is proposed as a method to measure the absolute intensities of radiation below 1022 Å, the ionization potential of xenon. The method is based on the assumption that the photo-ionization yield of the rare gases is unity. Experimental evidence is presented to justify this assumption. The relative quantum yield of sodium salicylate is measured and shown to be constant between 400–900 Å. Finally, the photoelectric yield of gold “black” has been measured and found to be about 1% at 1215 Å rising to 4% at 850 Å and remaining constant from there down to 500 Å.
Periodic Symmetric Functions with Feed-Forward Neural Networks (1995)

: This paper presents a new theoretical approach to the problem of switching networks synthesis with McCulloch-Pitts feed-forward neural networks. It is shown that any n-inputs periodical symmetric Boolean function Fp with the period T and the first positive transition at x = a can be implemented with a 1 + dlog n\\Gammaa T e depth and size network both measured in term of neurons, when a period contains two transitions. It can be implemented with a t + dlog n\\Gammaa T e depth and size network when a period contains more than two transitions, where t is the number of neural elements necessary to implement the restriction of Fp to the first period, i.e. the input interval [0; T ]. An asymptotic bound of O(log n) for the network (for both size and depth) is also derived for symmetric Boolean functions that can be decomposed in l periodic symmetric Boolean sub-functions. 1 Introduction In assuming feed-forward neural networks with Boolean output neurons and no learning, then for the...
Untersuchung zur geometrischen 3-D-Genauigkeit und zur Bildqualität (MTF, SRV und W) von Volumentomografie-Einrichtungen (CT, CBCT und DVT) (2011)

The values of image quality are not yet correlated with dose values: NPS. Investigations to an appropriate dosimetry are ongoing to establish the ratio between dose and image quality (ALARA principle). No fundamental difference between the systems can be stated in respect radio therapeutic planning: improper HU calibration accuracy in CBCT and DVT units. The geometric 3 D accuracy of high performance DVT systems is greater than that of CT Systems.
Medication-Related Problems Identified by Pharmacists in an Enhanced Medication Therapy Management Model (2021)

In Medicare Part D beneficiaries, pharmacists using an advanced CDSS identified a substantial number of MRPs pertaining to medication safety and issued recommendations to decrease the risk of adverse drug events.
Oncomirs Expression Profiling in Uterine Leiomyosarcoma Cells (2017)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that act as regulators of gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. They play a key role in several biological processes. Their abnormal expression may lead to malignant cell transformation. This study aimed to evaluate the expression profile of 84 miRNAs involved in tumorigenesis in immortalized cells of myometrium (MM), uterine leiomyoma (ULM), and uterine leiomyosarcoma (ULMS). Specific cell lines were cultured and qRT-PCR was performed. Thirteen miRNAs presented different expression profiles in ULM and the same thirteen in ULMS compared to MM. Eight miRNAs were overexpressed, and five were underexpressed in ULM. In ULMS cells, five miRNAs exhibited an overexpression and eight were down-regulated. Six miRNAs (miR-1-3p, miR-130b-3p, miR-140-5p, miR-202-3p, miR-205-5p, and miR-7-5p) presented a similar expression pattern in cell lines compared to patient samples. Of these, only three miRNAs showed significant expression in ULM (miR-1-3p, miR-140-5p, and miR-7-5p) and ULMS (miR-1-3p, miR-202-3p, and miR-7-5p). Our preliminary approach identified 24 oncomirs with an altered expression profile in ULM and ULMS cells. We identified four differentially expressed miRNAs with the same profile when compared with patients' samples, which strongly interacted with relevant genes, including apoptosis regulator (BCL2), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), insulin like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R),serine/threonine kinase (RAF1), receptor tyrosine kinase (MET), and bHLH transcription factor (MYCN). This led to alterations in their mRNA-target.
The Integration of Affective Design Into QFD (2008)

The use of design methodologies in product development has been proven to work for functional and performance requirements. However, when it comes to more abstract requirements — like attractivity — existing, widely accepted design methodologies do not provide guidance. This paper introduces tools commonly used in psychology for determining and quantifying Sensory Requirements and then proceeds to detail a method for collecting and preparing data on sensory attractiveness in a way that it is readily incorporated into the well defined method for product development, Quality Function Deployment.
Role of radiography in predicting progression of osteoarthritis of the hip: prospective cohort study (2005)

The Kellgren and Lawrence score at baseline was by far the strongest predictor for progression of hip osteoarthritis, especially in patients with existing hip pain at baseline. In patients with hip pain, a radiograph has strong additional value in identifying those at high risk of progression of hip osteoarthritis.
Attribute analyses of acoustic emissions in hydraulic fracturing (2021)

Abstract Hydraulic fracturing (HF) and horizontal drilling are essential to the development of shale gas and oil. Production depends on the stimulation success. During fracture initiation, propagation, and closure, cracks emit acoustic waves; these can be monitored in real time as microseismics in the field and as acoustic emissions (AEs) in the laboratory. AEs are the laboratory equivalent of field-scale microseismics and contain detailed information about HF fracture mechanics. The number of acoustic events correlates with the number of induced fractures and hence the stimulation volume. Three HF protocols under dry conditions were carried out on Tennessee sandstone: (1) a constant injection rate, (2) a precyclic injection, and (3) a variable-rate injection test. All three tests were performed under the same principal stress conditions: vertical stress of 10.3 MPa (1500 psi), minimum horizontal stress of 3.5 MPa (500 psi), and maximum horizontal stress of 20.7 MPa (3000 psi). In total, 16 piezoelectric transducers were mounted around a cylindrical sample to record the AEs. We have performed postsignal processing to extract AE event attributes, including the amplitudes, signal-to-noise ratio, arrival time, event location (with the velocity-anisotropy input), and frequency analyses. The AE events associated with the constant-rate injection test possessed the lowest frequencies (150–270 kHz). The variable-rate test AE events possessed higher frequencies (160–310 kHz), whereas the precyclic injection had events with the highest frequencies, peaking at 330 kHz. Acoustic events before failure had lower amplitudes, but higher frequency compared to those recorded postbreakdown, suggesting different failure modes. Precyclic injection induced the greatest number of locatable events before and after failure.
Human Plasma-like Medium Improves T Lymphocyte Activation (2019)

T lymphocytes are critical for effective immunity, and the ability to study their behavior in vitro can facilitate major insights into their development, function, and fate. However, the composition of human plasma differs from conventional media, and we hypothesized that such differences could impact immune cell physiology. Here, we showed that relative to the medium typically used to culture lymphocytes (RPMI), a physiologic medium (human plasma-like medium; HPLM) induced markedly different transcriptional responses in human primary T cells and in addition, improved their activation upon antigen stimulation. We found that this medium-dependent effect on T cell activation is linked to Ca<sup>2+</sup>, which is six-fold higher in HPLM than in RPMI. Thus, a medium that more closely resembles human plasma has striking effects on T cell biology, further demonstrates that medium composition can profoundly affect experimental results, and broadly suggests that physiologic media may offer a valuable way to study cultured immune cells.
Carbodi‐imide coupling of enzymes to the reversibly soluble insoluble polymer Eudragit S‐100 (1998)

The coupling of proteins and enzymes to soluble-insoluble polymers by carbodi-imide can be performed by using numerous variations of the protocol. This protocol has been investigated for the coupling of five different enzymes, namely wheatgerm acid phosphatase, beta-glucosidase, beta-galactosidase, trypsin and xylanase, to an enteric methacrylate polymer Eudragit S-100. The following results were found. (1) The activity of the bioconjugate was critically dependent on the physical state of the polymer and the pH of the coupling reaction. For example, in the case of wheatgerm acid phosphatase, the activity of the bioconjugate was 49% when coupling was performed at pH 7.2 and 67% when coupling was performed at pH 4. 5. With beta-galactosidase the corresponding values were 57% and 23% and with beta-glucosidase they were 57% and 52% respectively. (2) In some cases, such as beta-glucosidase and beta-galactosidase, it might be necessary to remove excess carbodi-imide before the addition of the enzyme to the activated matrix. (3) In most of the cases investigated, a sig-nificant amount of the enzyme (more than 90%) could be bound to the matrix merely by adsorption. (4) More importantly, after the carbodi-imide coupling procedure, a sufficient fraction of the bound enzyme could be eluted off the matrix, indicating that this was merely adsorbed and not covalently coupled.
Chronic kidney disease progression in kidney transplant recipients: A focus on traditional risk factors (2018)

Kidney transplant recipients are a subset of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) that remain at high risk for progression to dialysis and mortality. Recent advances in immunosuppression have only partially improved long-term graft and patient survival. Discovery of new immunosuppressive regimens is a slow and resource-intensive process. Hence, recognition and management of modifiable allogeneic and non-allogeneic risk factors for progression to CKD among kidney transplant recipients is of major interest for improving long-term outcomes. Graft survival is mainly determined by the quality of the allograft and by the patient's alloimmune response, which is influenced by human leukocyte antigen matching and the presence of donor-specific antibodies. Alloimmune responses manifest as acute and chronic forms of cell- and antibody-mediated rejection, which can be worsened by patient non-adherence or under-immunosuppression. However, donor and patient ages, glomerular disease recurrence, time on dialysis, pre-existing cardiovascular burden, medication side-effects and traditional risk factors, such as hypertension, proteinuria, anaemia, dyslipidaemia, diabetes and bone mineral disorder, which can ultimately lead to severe endothelial derangement, also contribute to graft loss and mortality. These traditional risk factors, common to pre-dialysis patients, often are considered of secondary importance when compared to alloimmunity and immunosuppression concerns. In this review article, we focus on the epidemiological, pathophysiological and therapeutic features of non-allogeneic traditional risk factors for CKD. We also discuss the benefit of adopting a multidisciplinary approach to pursue the same therapeutic targets recommended for pre-dialysis patients.
Parameterless Optimal Approximate Message Passing (2013)

Iterative thresholding algorithms are well-suited for high-dimensional problems in sparse recovery and compressive sensing. The performance of this class of algorithms depends heavily on the tuning of certain threshold parameters. In particular, both the final reconstruction error and the convergence rate of the algorithm crucially rely on how the threshold parameter is set at each step of the algorithm. In this paper, we propose a parameter-free approximate message passing (AMP) algorithm that sets the threshold parameter at each iteration in a fully automatic way without either having an information about the signal to be reconstructed or needing any tuning from the user. We show that the proposed method attains both the minimum reconstruction error and the highest convergence rate. Our method is based on applying the Stein unbiased risk estimate (SURE) along with a modified gradient descent to find the optimal threshold in each iteration. Motivated by the connections between AMP and LASSO, it could be employed to find the solution of the LASSO for the optimal regularization parameter. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work concerning parameter tuning that obtains the fastest convergence rate with theoretical guarantees.
DISCOVR: Distributed Collaborative Video Recorder (2006)

The paper describes DISCOVR, a distributed collaborative video recorder. DISCOVR is a P2P application that combines asynchronous file sharing with synchronous on-demand media streaming. DISCOVR uses a flat entity ID space, with the entity being any of the media file, header, mega packets, index and metadata. All DISCOVR entities may be asynchronously or synchronously distributed. DISCOVR adopts a sender-driven priority based sharing protocol. If the user is on-demand viewing a media file, those packets that are to be viewed in the near future will be put on the synchronous access list, which prompts its connected peers and the peers that are indirectly connected to fulfill the distribution of the on-demand packets in high priority. By letting the peers engage in both asynchronous sharing and synchronous on-demand streaming, DISCOVR promotes the peers to remain online longer, thus improve the availability of the P2P system and the overall performance
Size-segregated particle number and mass concentrations from different emission sources in urban Beijing (2020)

Abstract. Although secondary particulate matter is reported to be the main contributor of PM2.5 during haze in Chinese megacities, primary particle emissions also affect particle concentrations. In order to improve estimates of the contribution of primary sources to the particle number and mass concentrations, we performed source apportionment analyses using both chemical fingerprints and particle size distributions measured at the same site in urban Beijing from April to July 2018. Both methods resolved factors related to primary emissions, including vehicular emissions and cooking emissions, which together make up 76 % and 24 % of total particle number and organic aerosol (OA) mass, respectively. Similar source types, including particles related to vehicular emissions (1.6±1.1 µg m−3; 2.4±1.8×103 cm−3 and 5.5±2.8×103 cm−3 for two traffic-related components), cooking emissions (2.6±1.9 µg m−3 and 5.5±3.3×103 cm−3) and secondary aerosols (51±41 µg m−3 and 4.2±3.0×103 cm−3), were resolved by both methods. Converted mass concentrations from particle size distributions components were comparable with those from chemical fingerprints. Size distribution source apportionment separated vehicular emissions into a component with a mode diameter of 20 nm (“traffic-ultrafine”) and a component with a mode diameter of 100 nm (“traffic-fine”). Consistent with similar day- and nighttime diesel vehicle PM2.5 emissions estimated for the Beijing area, traffic-fine particles, hydrocarbon-like OA (HOA, traffic-related factor resulting from source apportionment using chemical fingerprints) and black carbon (BC) showed similar diurnal patterns, with higher concentrations during the night and morning than during the afternoon when the boundary layer is higher. Traffic-ultrafine particles showed the highest concentrations during the rush-hour period, suggesting a prominent role of local gasoline vehicle emissions. In the absence of new particle formation, our results show that vehicular-related emissions (14 % and 30 % for ultrafine and fine particles, respectively) and cooking-activity-related emissions (32 %) dominate the particle number concentration, while secondary particulate matter (over 80 %) governs PM2.5 mass during the non-heating season in Beijing.
Content-based music audio recommendation (2005)

We present the MusicSurfer, a metadata free system for the interaction with massive collections of music. MusicSurfer automatically extracts descriptions related to instrumentation, rhythm and harmony from music audio signals. Together with efficient similarity metrics, the descriptions allow navigation of multimillion track music collections in a flexible and efficient way without the need for metadata nor human ratings.