gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Removal of mineral oil during recovered paper processing (2016)

A flotation process and two different heat treatment processes prior to pulping were investigated according to their ability to remove mineral oils. For flotation, a correlation between removal of mineral oils and inorganic particles could be found for all process chemicals used in this study. By optimization of chemical concentration and dosing sequence, up to 80% of mineral oils could be removed while keeping the total losses smaller than 15%. The heat treatment processes achieved mineral oil removal rates that were in some cases even higher than those for flotation. For these processes, the most important parameters appeared to be the specific energy applied, the temperature, and the particle size distribution of recovered paper components. However, the specific energy consumption was quite high.
Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)‐Based Polyelectrolyte Pervaporation Membranes (2003)

By modifying poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), phosphatic anionic PVA (P-PVA) and quaternary ammonium cationic PVA (C-PVA) with various degrees of substitution (D.S.) were synthesized. The effects of synthesis conditions on the degree of substitution were studied. With these two kinds of materials, polyelectrolyte complexes were formed and their solubilities in water were studied. Pervaporation composite membranes were prepared from P-PVA, C-PVA, and their polyelectrolyte complexes. Some of the membranes showed good separation performance. The polyelectrolyte complex membrane prepared by mixing P-PVA (D.S. 2.3%) and C-PVA (D.S. 2.9%) with weight ratio of 1/1, showed a permeation rate of 378 g/m(2)h and separation factor of 2,250 for dehydration of ethanol/water mixture (ethanol 95.4 wt%) at a feed temperature of 75 degrees C. Some factors that influenced pervaporation performance included type of polyelectrolyte, degree of substitution, ratio of polyanion and polycation, feed temperature, feed concentration, and elapsed time. Solvent resistance of pervaporation composite membranes was also evaluated.
Dihydroxy bile salt-induced alterations in NaCl transport across the rabbit colon (1983)

The effects of increasing mucosal or serosal concentrations (1-4 mM) of taurochenodeoxycholate (TCDC) on sodium chloride transport across the isolated, short-circuited rabbit colon were examined. Mucosal TCDC produced dose-related increases in tissue conductance (Gt) and the unidirectional fluxes of Na+ and Cl- and dose-related decreases in net NaCl absorption. At 4 mM mucosal TCDC, Gt was increased fivefold, net sodium flux (JNanet) was reduced 50%, and JClnet was abolished. Serosal TCDC also produced dose-dependent changes in permeability that were quantitatively different. Four millimolar serosal TCDC produced a 2.7-fold increase in Gt, abolished JNanet, and stimulated electrogenic Cl- secretion. TCDC-induced Cl- secretion was stimulated by 10(-5) M serosal TCDC, inhibited by serosal furosemide or ouabain, did not alter theophylline-induced secretion (and vice versa), and occurred in the absence of serosal Ca2+. It is suggested that 1) TCDC inhibition of sodium absorption is indirect (i.e., not simply due to a reduction in the activity of the Na "pump," since Cl- secretion persists during conditions that abolish JNanet) and 2) TCDC induces Cl- secretion by enhancing the activity of basolateral membrane adenylate cyclase.
Disruption of the IL-1β gene diminishes acetylcholine receptor-induced immune responses in a murine model of myasthenia gravis (2001)

Human autoimmune myasthenia gravis (MG) is associated with the IL-1β TaqI RFLP allele 2. Individuals positive for this allele have high levels of inducible IL-1β in their peripheral blood. Here, we have characterized MG induction and the immune response elicited by Torpedo acetylcholine receptor (AChR) immunization in wild-type and IL-1β deficient (–/–) mice. Compared with wild-type mice, IL-1β–/– mice were relatively resistant to induction of clinical experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG). Draining lymph node cells from IL-1β–/– mice showed poor proliferative capacity upon AChR stimulation in vitro. Both Th1 (IFN-γ, IL-2) and Th2 (IL-4) cytokine responses were reduced and levels of serum anti-AChR antibodies decreased in IL-1β–/– mice compared to wild-type mice. Taken together, these results reveal a critical role for IL-1β in the induction of MG in mice, and support a role for IL-1β in the pathogenesis of MG in man.
Accelerated two-dimensional cine DENSE cardiovascular magnetic resonance using compressed sensing and parallel imaging (2016)

Cine Displacement Encoding with Stimulated Echoes (DENSE) provides accurate quantitative imaging of cardiac mechanics with rapid displacement and strain analysis; however, image acquisition times are relatively long. Compressed sensing (CS) with parallel imaging (PI) can generally provide high-quality images recovered from data sampled below the Nyquist rate. The purposes of the present study were to develop CS-PI-accelerated acquisition and reconstruction methods for cine DENSE, to assess their accuracy for cardiac imaging using retrospective undersampling, and to demonstrate their feasibility for prospectively-accelerated 2D cine DENSE imaging in a single breathhold. An accelerated cine DENSE sequence with variable-density spiral k-space sampling and golden angle rotations through time was implemented. A CS method, Block LOw-rank Sparsity with Motion-guidance (BLOSM), was combined with sensitivity encoding (SENSE) for the reconstruction of under-sampled multi-coil spiral data. Seven healthy volunteers and 7 patients underwent 2D cine DENSE imaging with fully-sampled acquisitions (14–26 heartbeats in duration) and with prospectively rate-2 and rate-4 accelerated acquisitions (14 and 8 heartbeats in duration). Retrospectively- and prospectively-accelerated data were reconstructed using BLOSM-SENSE and SENSE. Image quality of retrospectively-undersampled data was quantified using the relative root mean square error (rRMSE). Myocardial displacement and circumferential strain were computed for functional assessment, and linear correlation and Bland-Altman analyses were used to compare accelerated acquisitions to fully-sampled reference datasets. For retrospectively-undersampled data, BLOSM-SENSE provided similar or lower rRMSE at rate-2 and lower rRMSE at rate-4 acceleration compared to SENSE (p < 0.05, ANOVA). Similarly, for retrospective undersampling, BLOSM-SENSE provided similar or better correlation with reference displacement and strain data at rate-2 and better correlation at rate-4 acceleration compared to SENSE. Bland-Altman analyses showed similar or better agreement for displacement and strain data at rate-2 and better agreement at rate-4 using BLOSM-SENSE compared to SENSE for retrospectively-undersampled data. Rate-2 and rate-4 prospectively-accelerated cine DENSE provided good image quality and expected values of displacement and strain. BLOSM-SENSE-accelerated spiral cine DENSE imaging with 2D displacement encoding can be acquired in a single breathhold of 8–14 heartbeats with high image quality and accurate assessment of myocardial displacement and circumferential strain.
Computational aspects of alternative portfolio selection models in the presence of discrete asset choice constraints (2001)

We consider the mean-variance (M-V) model of Markowitz and the construction of the risk-return efficient frontier. We examine the effects of applying buy-in thresholds, cardinality constraints and transaction roundlot restrictions to the portfolio selection problem. Such discrete constraints are of practical importance but make the efficient frontier discontinuous. The resulting quadratic mixed-integer (QMIP) problems are NP-hard and therefore computing the entire efficient frontier is computationally challenging. We propose alternative approaches for computing this frontier and provide insight into its discontinuous structure. Computational results are reported for a set of benchmark test problems.
Prevalence of Molar Incisor Hypomineralization in over 30,000 Schoolchildren in Switzerland (2022)

The mean prevalence of MIH in Geneva school children was found to be 6.6%. This seems to be lower than the European and the global average. However, with almost half cases being moderate or severe, asserting a proper management protocol is necessary.
Potentials of skin diagnostic with digital photometric patterning of backscattered linearly polarized light (2005)

Potentials of two modalities of skin diagnostic with focused and expanded linearly polarized probe light are studied. For the focused beam (wavelength 650 nm) the photometric patterns of light backscattered from skin and collagenous tissue phantoms were recorded using digital camera. It is shown that equiintensity contours are well fitted with ellipses that appeared to follow the orientation of collagen fibers. In the peripheral zone from the entry point of the probe beam the ratio of the ellipses semi-axes is correlated with the ratio ofreduced scattering coefficients obtained from intensity profiles. In the vicinity of the entry point it depends on the mutual orientation of polarization vector and collagen fibers. For the expanded probe beam the digital mapping of the residual polarization degree of backscattered linearly polarized light allowed visualization of the hidden structure of earlier fibrosis of the mouse skin arisen from X-ray treatment. The structure of the skin fibrosis was enhanced using Fourier transform filtering of polarization degree pattern. The pattern scanning with Pearson correlation coefficient was developed to determine the orientation and characteristic size of hidden structure. Both modalities may be potentially used for diagnostic ofskin abnormalities, such as fibrosis.
Leakage and Frictional Characteristics of Turbulent Helical Flow in Fine Clearance (1973)

The leakage and frictional characteristics of helical flow in concentric cylinders with fine clearance have been studied for the ratio of clearance to radius from 0.0006 to 0.0127 and the ratio of length to clearance from 20 to 750. The Reynolds number based on the axial velocity was from zero to 104 and the Reynolds number based on the radius and tangential velocity was from 103 to 3 × 105. These geometrical and kinematical conditions are usually encountered in the seal design of turbomachines. The leakage and the frictional torque have been measured with a 20 in. dia test rig for various pressure gradients and different rotational speeds of the inner cylinder. The case of zero pressure gradient has also been included. The experimental data and those published in the literature have been analyzed and correlated in the form of empirical equations.
Noninvasive Temperature Imaging Using Diffusion Mri (1991)

International audience
In vivo evaluation of human skin anisotropy by polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (2011)

We performed an in vivo three-dimensional analysis of anisotropic changes in the dermal birefringence of mechanically deformed human skin using polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT). The papillary-dermal birefringence of the forehead increased significantly when the skin was shrunk parallel to the body axis, and decreased significantly when the skin was shrunk perpendicular to the body axis. En-face images of the papillary-dermal birefringence revealed variations among individual subjects, and that both shrinking parallel to and stretching in perpendicular to the body axis promoted the formation of macro rope-like birefringent domains. We found that PS-OCT is useful for understanding anisotropic properties of collagen structure in the skin.
Cord blood banking and accreditation (2007)

Cord blood banking is a sequential process including a number of steps starting from donor informed consent and donor selection, followed by collection of maternal and paternal medical history, cord blood collection, unit transportation from the delivery room to the bank, cord blood unit processing, characterization and cryopreservation, unit release for transplantation, and ending with the evaluation of clinical outcome. Cord blood banking requires a carefully designed quality system. Of the different models available, we based the initial development of our quality system on the ISO 9000 standard. After ISO 9000 certification, we started the process of accreditation by the Foundation for the Accreditation of Cellular Therapy (FACT), which was obtained in 2004. The accreditation process includes submission of documentation in English to demonstrate compliance with the NetCord/FACT International Standards for Cord Blood Collection, Processing, Testing , Selection and Release , now available in its third edition, which is followed by an on‐site inspection. Other organizations such as the AABB and the National Marrow Donor Program have developed other cord blood banking accreditation and cooperative programmes. Based on the expectation of a more widespread clinical use of cord blood, efforts should be developed to harmonize national and international cord blood banking accreditation schemes.
Bactericidal and Opsonic Activity of IgGl and IgG2 Anticapsular Antibodies to Haemophilus influenzae Type b (1990)

Complement-mediated bactericidal and opsonic activity of IgG1 and IgG2 antibodies to Haemophilus influenzae type b polysaccharide (polyribosyl ribitol phosphate [PRP]) were investigated. The antibody sources were IgG1 or IgG2 subclass polyclonal antibody fractions prepared by immunoabsorption of sera from adults immunized with PRP or PRP-diphtheria toxoid conjugate vaccine or clonally purified anti-PRP antibodies from eight adults immunized with PRP vaccine. In bactericidal assays using an inoculum of 3 x 10(3) colony-forming units (cfu)/ml, twofold lower concentrations of IgG1 compared with IgG2 antibody were required for 50% killing. With approximately 10(6) cfu/ml, IgG1 antibody killed 3 logs more of bacteria than were killed by comparable concentrations of IgG2 antibody. The IgG1 antibody also required lower concentrations of complement than did the IgG2 antibody for comparable bacteriolytic activity. Clonally purified IgG1 and IgG2 anti-PRP antibodies from most individuals showed similar relative differences in bactericidal activity. IgG1 anti-PRP antibody was also more efficient than IgG2 anti-PRP antibody in enhancing the uptake of radiolabeled type b H. influenzae by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the presence of complement and in protecting infant rats from developing bacteremia. However, the differences in opsonic or protective activity of the two subclasses were smaller than the differences in bactericidal activity. Thus, IgG1 anti-PRP antibody is functionally more effective than IgG2 antibody, but it is likely that both subclasses can confer protection against disease.
Achievement of treatment goals for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in clinical practice across Europe: the EURIKA study (2011)

In Europe, a large proportion of patients in primary prevention have CVD risk factors that remain uncontrolled, and lifestyle counselling is not well implemented; moreover, there is substantial between-country variation, which indicates additional room for improvement. Raised residual CVD risk is relatively frequent among patients despite control of their primary risk factors and should be addressed.
Parametric study of the growth of damage sites on the rear surface of fused silica windows (2003)

The growth of damage sites on the rear surface of fused silica plates was studied as a function of fluence and angle of incidence. At 1053 nm, a 70 J beam, 3 ns in pulselength, was directed to a 5 cm<sup>2</sup> zone on a bare fused silica window. Initiation and growth was observed. The growth of previously initiated sites was also studied. Growth is exponential in nature. The experiments allow for the determination of the growth coefficient as a function of fluence. At 355 nm, damage sites were irradiated at various angles of incidence, with a tripled Nd:Yag laser, spatially Gaussian, 2.5 ns in pulselength. By fitting growth with an exponential law, it was determined that the relevant fluence for growth was that taken inside the material.
MOLECULAR DYNAMICS STUDY OF THE LIQUID - VAPOR INTERFACE OF LITHIUM BROMIDE AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS (1998)

The molecular dynamics simulations of the liquid–vapor interface of LiBr aqueous solutions were carried out to investigate the structural and thermophysical properties. As concerns the structural properties, the results of molecular dynamics simulation show that the ions exist in the liquid apart from the surface and this tendency becomes strong as the solute concentration is lowered. This phenomenon is due to the desorption of ion. The calculated values such as density or surface tension agree with experimental ones. As concerns thermophysical properties, the number of water molecules in the bulk gas decreases with an increase of the solute concentration. This result represents the depression of vapor pressure. In addition, in order to investigate the dynamic process of water vapor absorption into LiBr aqueous solution, the molecular dynamics simulation under non-equilibrium condition was carried out. The results show that when the solute concentration is low and the temperature is also low, almost all incident water molecules become trapped at the solution surface and then easily diffuse into the bulk liquid, and when the solute concentration is high and temperature is also high, most incident water molecules become trapped at the solution surface, and the sequent processes are very complicated.
Shannon-Kotelnikov mappings for softcast-based joint source-channel video coding (2015)

This paper introduces Shannon-Kotelnikov (SK) mapping in the SoftCast joint source-channel video coding scheme. On bandwidth constrained channels, the performance of SoftCast saturates, due to the large amount of data (chunks) dropped to match the bandwidth requirements. Using SK mapping, it is possible to increase the number of chunks that may be transmitted without increasing the bandwidth requirements. The resulting scheme has an increased number of design parameters for which we present a transmission-power constrained optimization. This extends range of channel SNRs over which the PSNR gracefully increases and improves the end-to-end performance at medium to high SNRs. The price to be paid is a performance degradation at low SNRs.
A Memory-Efficient Reconfigurable Aho-Corasick FSM Implementation for Intrusion Detection Systems (2007)

The Aho-Corasick (AC) algorithm is a very flexible and efficient but memory-hungry pattern matching algorithm that can scan the existence of a query string among multiple test strings looking at each character exactly once, making it one of the main options for software-base intrusion detection systems such as SNORT. We present the Split-AC algorithm, which is a reconfigurable variation of the AC algorithm that exploits domain-specific characteristics of intrusion detection to reduce considerably the FSM memory requirements. SplitAC achieves an overall reduction between 28-75% compared to the best proposed implementation.
High space resolution µ-RWELL for high rate applications (2020)

Abstract The µ-RWELL is a single-amplification stage resisitive MPGD. The amplification element, realized on a polyimide foil micro-patterned with a high density blind-holes (wells), is embedded through a thin resistive film, in the readout PCB. The introduction of the resistive layer affects the charge spread on the readout electrodes and suppresses the transition from streamer to spark giving the possibility to achieve large gains (&gt;10 4 ). As a drawback the capability to stand high particle fluxes is reduced. In order to get rid of such a limitation different resistive layouts with prompt current evacuation schemes have been designed. In this work we present the study of the performance of the high rate layouts done at PSI, together with the measurement of the space resolution for orthogonal and inclined tracks performed at CERN.
Estimating diver orientation from video using body markers (2015)

Diving is a dangerous activity during which diver's safety is significantly compromised, both due to unpredictable environment and dependence on technical systems for life support. Introducing the concept of a cognitive autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV), that is capable of guiding, observing and assisting the diver at all times, requires precise positioning of the AUV relative to the diver. While diver orientation can be measured locally on the diver and transmitted to the underwater vehicle using acoustic communication channels, the problems of limited bandwidth and communication delay can influence the quality of AUV positioning. Another approach, which is considered in this paper, is to use remote sensing techniques, i.e. mono or stereo camera on board the AUV, to determine orientation of the diver based on markers placed on the divers shoulders. As an initial step, laboratory experiments were conducted where orientation of two physically coupled spherical markers is determined by using mono and stereo camera, and compared to the ground truth orientation obtained from an inertial measurement unit. The obtained results prove the concept in laboratory conditions, with the limitations imposed on the distance of markers relative to the camera.
Supercritical Fluid Extraction, a Novel Method for Production of Enantiomers (1997)

Extraction of 25 different binary mixtures of racemic acids [2-(4-isobutylphenyl)propionic acid, cis- and trans-chrysanthemic, and -permetric acid] and various chiral bases with supercritical carbon dioxide permitted the conclusion that molecular chiral differentiation in a supercritical fluid is more efficient than in conventional solvents. In the majority of cases, however, complete separation could not be achieved. In five cases, remarkable partial resolutions were realized (30-75% ee) and resolution was possible on a preparative scale. The pair cis-chrysanthemic acid and (S)-(+)-2-(benzylamino)-1-butanol was studied in detail. Pressure, temperature, time, as well as the molar ratio of base and acid had a marked influence on the quantity and quality of the products. Increasing pressure or decreasing temperature resulted in higher ee values. (-)-cis-Chrysanthemic acid in 99% ee was obtained from the raffinate in a single extraction step. Multiple extractions produced the (+)-cis-acid in 90% ee.
Liquid-vapor equilibria of the hydrogen-carbon dioxide system (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLiquid-vapor equilibria of the hydrogen-carbon dioxide systemJ. O. Spano, C. K. Heck, and P. L. BarrickCite this: J. Chem. Eng. Data 1968, 13, 2, 168–171Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1968https://doi.org/10.1021/je60037a007RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views316Altmetric-Citations35LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (399 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts