gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Loss of expression of the tumour suppressor gene AIMP3 predicts survival following radiotherapy in muscle‐invasive bladder cancer (2014)

The aim of this study was to test the utility of AIMP3, an upstream regulator of DNA damage response following genotoxic stress, as a clinical biomarker in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). AIMP3 was identified from a meta-analysis of a global gene-expression dataset. AIMP3 protein expression was determined by immunohistochemistry on a customised bladder cancer tissue-microarray (TMA). The mechanism of gene silencing was probed using methylation-specific PCR. The association between AIMP3 expression, Tp53 transactivity and genomic stability was analysed. In vitro AIMP3 translocation to the nucleus in response to ionising radiation was demonstrated using immunofluorescence. Radiosensitisation effects of siRNA-mediated AIMP3-knockdown were measured using colony forming assays. TMAs derived from patients enrolled in BCON, a Phase III multicentre radiotherapy trial in bladder cancer (ISRCTN45938399) were used to evaluate the association between AIMP3 expression and survival. The prognostic value of AIMP3 expression was determined in a TMA derived from patients treated by radical cystectomy. Loss of AIMP3 expression was frequent in MIBC and associated with impaired Tp53 transactivity and genomic instability. AIMP3-knockdown was associated with an increase in radioresistance. Loss of AIMP3 expression was associated with survival in MIBC patients following radiotherapy (HR = 0.53; 95% CI: 0.36 to 0.78, p = 0.002) but was not prognostic in the cystectomy set. In conclusion, AIMP3 expression is lost in a subset of bladder cancers and is significantly predictive of survival following radiotherapy in MIBC patients.
A proposal of various recursive switched capacitor filters using a single OP‐Amp and experimental results (1986)

Abstract A simple structure filter design technique which uses a first‐order passive circuit and a switched‐capacitor integrator as a negative feedback element is shown to be applicable to a wide variety of second‐order filters. The circuit features less power consuption, fewer component count and less cost. These features are not offered by switched‐capacitor filter designs proposed to date. Transfer function of the filter is analyzed. High Q ‐factor bandpass filter design is developped and Q ‐factor within approximately 50 ˜ 60 is obtained in the audio‐frequency region. It is demonstrated that local integration of the circuit can realize double Q ‐factor and sensitivities of center frequency and Q ‐factor can be decreased within one‐half. Improved low‐pass and high‐pass filter design which preserve the wide‐flat sharp transition response curve is proposed and the desired band‐eliminating filter consisting of the combination of them is also shown. Dynamic range of the input signal amplitude, which would be insufficient in current switched‐capacitor filter designs, is improved to have 60 to 70 dB. The effect of the driving pulse waveform on circuit operation is studied further.
Reduction of mutual coupling between closely-packed antenna elements with split ring resonator (SRR) (2010)

This paper presents a new method to reduce mutual coupling between two closely-packed planar inverted F antennas (PIFAs) with split ring resonator (SRR). A SRR structure has been inserted between the two elements. The design model has been analyzed and optimized with the commercial software package HFSS 11.0, thus a mutual coupling reduction of more than 6 dB was achieved at resonant frequency. The method is also verified by fabricated model and measurement has been carried out by using E8363B Vector Network Analyzer of Agilent. The experimental results agree very well with simulated results.
PEBBLES MECHANICS SIMULATION SPEEDUP (2010)

Pebble bed reactors contain large numbers of spherical fuel elements arranged randomly. Determining the motion and location of these fuel elements is required for calculating certain parameters of pebble bed reactor operation. These simulations involve hundreds of thousands of pebbles and involve determining the entire core motion as pebbles are recirculated. Single processor algorithms for this are insufficient since they would take decades to centuries of wall-clock time. This paper describes the process of parallelizing and speeding up the PEBBLES pebble mechanics simulation code. Both shared memory programming with the Open Multi-Processing API and distributed memory programming with the Message Passing Interface API are used in simultaneously in this process. A new shared memory lock-less linear time collision detection algorithm is described. This method allows faster detection of pebbles in contact than generic methods. These combine to make full recirculations on AVR sized reactors possible in months of wall clock time.
Perivascular epithelioid cell tumor of male pelvic cavity: a case report and literature review (2012)

Perivascular epithelioid cell tumors (PEComas) are a family of rare mesenchymal neoplasms. The PEComas, composed of epithelioid and spindle cells, have the same cellular and immunohistochemical features but are found in different visceral and soft tissue sites. Here, we report the histological and immunohistochemical features of one case of PEComa restricted in the pelvic visceral peritoneum of a male patient. The patient was treated with radical surgery, and was well and on follow-up visits without tumor recurrence.
Simultaneous dual-channel stimulated Raman scattering microscopy demultiplexed at distinct modulation frequencies (2018)

To increase the information per pixel in stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy as well as to correct from artifacts, it is valuable to acquire images at two different Raman shifts. We present a three-color SRS approach acquiring two perfectly registered SRS images where both pump beams are modulated at distinct frequencies while demodulating the Stokes beam. Our implementation uses two optical parametric oscillators that can be tuned to an almost arbitrary energy difference of Raman shifts, allowing investigation of fingerprint resonances simultaneously to CH-stretch vibrations.
Wearable Depth Camera: Monocular Depth Estimation via Sparse Optimization Under Weak Supervision (2018)

Depth estimation is essential for many human-object interaction tasks. Despite its advantages, traditional depth sensors, including Kinect or depth camera, are always not wearable-friendly due to several critical drawbacks, such as over-size or over-weight. Monocular camera, on the other hand, provides a promising solution with limited burden to users and attracts more and more attentions in the literature. In this paper, we propose a depth estimation method with monocular camera. Our main idea lies in the weak-supervised learning model of monocular depth estimation based on left and right consistency. To learn an accurate depth estimation, on our training step, we employ LiDAR data, which are generated by laser radar with very high depth accuracy, to semi-supervise the learning scheme. We train our network on ResNet and propose a new penalty function, which takes into account the LiDAR depth loss in training. Compared with several state-of-the-art monocular camera depth estimators, our proposed method obtains the highest depth accuracy.
Phase II safety and immunogenicity study of live chikungunya virus vaccine TSI-GSD-218. (2000)

We conducted a phase II, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, safety and immunogenicity study of a serially passaged, plaque-purified live chikungunya (CHIK) vaccine in 73 healthy adult volunteers. Fifty-nine volunteers were immunized one time subcutaneously with the CHIK vaccine and 14 were immunized with placebo (tissue culture fluid). Vaccinees were clinically evaluated intensively for one month, and had repeated blood draws for serological assays (50% plaque-reduction neutralization test) for one year. Except for transient arthralgia in five CHIK vaccinees, the number and severity of local and systemic reactions and abnormal laboratory tests after immunization were similar in CHIK vaccinees and placebo recipients. Fifty-seven (98%) of 58 evaluable CHIK vaccinees developed CHIK neutralizing antibody by day 28, and 85% of vaccinees remained seropositive at one year after immunization. No placebo recipients seroconverted. This promising live vaccine was safe, produced well-tolerated side effects, and was highly immunogenic.
Inhibition of GSK-3 Induces Apoptosis of CLL Cells by Abrogating NFkB Nuclear Activity. (2006)

Abstract Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) represents one of the most common hematological malignancies and is characterized by the expansion of a clonal B cell population. Commonly, CLL is defined as a disease of failed apoptosis of the leukemic B cells, and it is this feature that makes them refractory to common chemotherapeutic agents designed to kill CLL cells. The mechanism controlling apoptosis in CLL is complex and influenced by numerous factors, including NFkB-mediated expression of antiapoptotic proteins, such as Bcl-2 and XIAP. We recently demonstrated that glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) b positively regulates NFkB-mediated gene transcription and cell survival in pancreatic cancer cells (Cancer Research 2005. 65:2076). Similar to pancreatic cancer, we have found that pharmacological inhibition of GSK-3 results in decreased expression of NFkB target genes Bcl-2, Mcl-1 and XIAP in CLL B cells. In addition we noted a dose dependent increase in apoptosis levels for both the MEC1 cell line and primary CLL B cell patient samples. Using CLL blood B cells, we have found that both GSK-3b and NFkB accumulate in the nucleus of CLL cells, but not normal blood B cells. In addition, we observed that inhibition of GSK-3 leads to a decrease in NFkB-mediated gene transcription, without affecting the nuclear accumulation of NFkB. However, using chromatin immunoprecipitation, we found that NFkB binding to its target gene promoters (XIAP, Bcl-2) is significantly affected in CLL B cells treated with a GSK-3 inhibitor. These results suggest that GSK-3 regulates the nuclear activity of NFkB in CLL cells by affecting the binding of p65/p50 to the promoters of a subset of its target genes. Our results establish that inhibition of GSK-3 induces apoptosis of CLL cells and suggest GSK-3b as a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of CLL.
Depot-Specific Differences and Insufficient Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Angiogenesis in Human Obesity (2011)

These data imply that subcutaneous adipose tissue has a higher capacity to expand its capillary network than visceral tissue, but this capacity decreases with morbid obesity. The decrease correlates with insulin resistance, suggesting that impairment of subcutaneous adipose tissue angiogenesis may contribute to metabolic disease pathogenesis.
A 1 Mbps Underwater Communication System Using a 405 nm Laser Diode and Photomultiplier Tube (2008)

Radio frequency communications in seawater are impractical due to high conductivity of\nseawater limiting the propagation of electromagnetic waves. Current methods, such as\nacoustic communication, are limited in bandwidth, and the use of cables, such as fiber optic,\nare expensive and not practical for autonomous vehicles. Underwater tethered\ncommunication systems are also very costly to repair if damaged. Optical wireless\ncommunications that exploit the blue/green transparency window of seawater potentially\noffer high bandwidth, although short range, communications.\nThe goal of this Masters thesis was to build sufficient infrastructure to experimentally\nvalidate the performance of underwater optical communication systems under laboratory, but\nhopefully realistic, water conditions.\nAn optical transmitter based on a 405nm blue laser diode was constructed. The\ntransmitter is capable of sourcing 200mA of current to a blue laser diode at speeds of up to\n200MHz. The receiver was based on a photomultiplier tube. The high gain and blue/green\nsensitivity of a photomultiplier tube make it ideal for underwater optical communications.\nFinally, a 1,200 gallon water tank was constructed that allows the water conditions to be\nappropriately controlled to simulate an ocean environment\nExperiments were conducted to validate the design and construction of the receiver,\ntransmitter and water tank. An underwater optical data link was demonstrated that was\ncapable of transmitting data at 500kpbs in return-to-zero format, or 1Mpbs in non-return-tozero\nformat. The transmitted signal could then be optically detected, digitized and stored on a\nPC for later signal processing.
ChemInform Abstract: MECHANISMUS VON THIAMINKATALYSIERTEN RK., KINETISCHE ANALYSE DER DECARBOXYLIERUNG VON BRENZTRAUBENSAEURE DURCH DAS 3,4‐DIMETHYL‐THIAZOLIUMION IN WASSER UND AETHANOL (1970)

Abstract Die Kinetik des H‐D‐Austausches im Thiazoliumion (Ia) und die Eliminierungsreaktionen der Ionen (II) und (IV), wobei der Aldehyd (III) bzw. der Ester (V) neben dem Thiazoliumion (Ib) entstehen, werden in Äthanol und Wasser untersucht.
Efficient protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis by vaccination with a single subdominant epitope from the ESAT-6 antigen (2000)

We have investigated the vaccine potential of two peptides derived from the 6-kDa early secretory antigenic target (ESAT)-6 antigen in the mouse model of tuberculosis. The peptides were both strongly immunogenic in B6CBAF1 (H-2b,k) mice and primed recall responses of the same intensity after immunization. However, both tuberculosis infection and immunization with ESAT-6 resulted in responses focused towards ESAT-61-20. Multiple antigen peptide constructs as well as free peptides were emulsified with dimethyl dioctadecylammonium bromide/monophosphoryl lipid A/IL-2 and tested as experimental vaccines in an i.v. and aerosol model of tuberculosis in mice. The peptide were highly immunogenic and induced cellular responses of the same magnitude. However, only vaccines based on the subdominant ESAT-651-70 epitope promoted significant levels of protective immunity and the level of protection was equivalent to that achieved with ESAT-6 and BCG. These findings demonstrate the potential of peptide-based vaccines against tuberculosis and indicate that there is not direct correlation between the hierarchy of response to naturally processed peptides and their ability to induce protective immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
The effect of sensory nerve stimulation on sensory nerve function in people with peripheral neuropathy associated with diabetes (2007)

The observed data suggest that LF-SNS improves nerve function in a subset of people with DPN. Targeting toward probably 'responders' may deliver the greatest benefit from short-term therapy. Testing optimal application in others seems warranted.
Thrombasthenia: A Model for Studying Platelet Activation in the Absence of Aggregation (1979)

In response to the ionophore A 23 187, thrombasthenic platelets undergo normal shape charge, serotonin release and metabolism of 14C-arachidonic acid (including liberation from prelabelled platelet phospholipids and conversion to thromboxane B2 and HETE). These responses, using either PRP or washed platelets, are accompanied by a characteristic optical density (OD) change in the absence of aggregation. This change was associated with the formation of a central contractile gel mass and central apposition of organelles, but lactic dehydrogenase determinations showed no evidence of platelet lysis. These reisuits can be mimicked by stirring A 23 187 with normal platelets in the presence of EOTA or EGTA. The OD change in this system was inhibited by chlorpromazine, propranolol and other drugs which interfere with membrane transport of Ca2+ but not by colchicine, cyto-, chalasin B, prostaglandin Ej, creatine phosphate/creatine Phosphokinase or antimycin and deoxyglucose. These findings show that the action of ionophore on thrombasthenic platelets provides a model for dissociating platelet thromboxane formation, contraction and secretion, all of which are dependent on intracellular calcium shifts, from aggregation, for which extracellular calcium is required; they suggest that the underlying membrane glycoprotein abnormality in thrombasthenia may result in a failure to react with extracellular calcium.
Excessive Activation of TGFβ by Spinal Instability Causes Vertebral Endplate Sclerosis (2016)

Narrowed intervertebral disc (IVD) space is a characteristic of IVD degeneration. EP sclerosis is associated with IVD, however the pathogenesis of EP hypertrophy is poorly understood. Here, we employed two spine instability mouse models to investigate temporal and spatial EP changes associated with IVD volume, considering them as a functional unit. We found that aberrant mechanical loading leads to accelerated ossification and hypertrophy of EP, decreased IVD volume and increased activation of TGFβ. Overexpression of active TGFβ in CED mice showed a similar phenotype of spine instability model. Administration of TGFβ Receptor I inhibitor attenuates pathologic changes of EP and prevents IVD narrowing. The aberrant activation of TGFβ resulting in EPs hypertrophy-induced IVD space narrowing provides a pharmacologic target that could have therapeutic potential to delay DDD.
Single image phase-based MRI fat suppression expectation maximization algorithm (2005)

MRI fat suppression techniques are primarily approached by variations of the phase based methods. Multipoint methods dominate the literature, specifically methods that require the acquisition of three images at different echo times. These methods estimate the contribution of fat and water signals by solving a set of equations using echos acquired with the relative phase of fat and water at -/spl pi/, 0, /spl pi/. We present a novel approach to fat suppression that requires only a single image. Using an expectation maximization algorithm on a gradient echo image with the relative phase of fat and water at approximately /spl pi//2, the pixel composition and inhomogeneity of the magnetic field are estimated. Fat suppressed images are generated from estimated inhomogeneity. Our method does not need custom pulse sequences. Results from mathematical phantoms and volunteer images are reported.
Advanced XPS characterization: XPS-based multi-technique analyses for comprehensive understanding of functional materials (2021)

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) has achieved maturity as an analytical technique in the materials community, however as made apparent by recent reviews highlighting it's misuse, it is a practice which is often misunderstood.
RICH, a Rho GTPase-activating Protein Domain-containing Protein Involved in Signaling by Cdc42 and Rac1 (2001)

A previously unidentified Rho GTPase-activating protein (GAP) domain-containing protein was found in a yeast two-hybrid screen for cDNAs encoding proteins binding to the Src homology 3 domain of Cdc42-interacting protein 4 (CIP4). The protein was named RICH-1 (RhoGAP interacting with CIP4 homologues), and, in addition to the RhoGAP domain, it contained an N-terminal domain with endophilin homology and a C-terminal proline-rich domain. Transient transfections of RICH-1 indicated that it bound to CIP4 in vivo, as shown by co-immunoprecipitation experiments, as well as co-localization assays. In vitro assays demonstrated that the RhoGAP domain of RICH-1 catalyzed GTP hydrolysis on Cdc42 and Rac1, but not on RhoA. Ectopic expression of the RhoGAP domain as well as the full-length protein interfered with platelet-derived growth factor BB-induced membrane ruffling, but not with serum-induced stress fiber formation, further emphasizing the notion that, in vivo, RICH-1 is a GAP for Cdc42 and Rac1.
ReVal: A Simple and Effective Machine Translation Evaluation Metric Based on Recurrent Neural Networks (2015)

Many state-of-the-art Machine Translation (MT) evaluation metrics are complex, involve extensive external resources (e.g. for paraphrasing) and require tuning to achieve best results. We present a simple alternative approach based on dense vector spaces and recurrent neural networks (RNNs), in particular Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) networks. For WMT-14, our new metric scores best for two out of five language pairs, and overall best and second best on all language pairs, using Spearman and Pearson correlation, respectively. We also show how training data is computed automatically from WMT ranks data.
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Procedures (2011)

A wide array of gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy procedures are carried out in the GI endoscopy suite. Although the screening colonoscopy is the most one widely performed procedure (greater than 14 million procedures completed per year in the United States alone), other procedures are routinely utilized to diagnose and treat various GI pathologies.<sup>1</sup> Procedures range from minimally invasive, such as a routine screening colonoscopy, to much more invasive and complicated, such as endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). Sedation and anesthesia are integral parts of each GI endoscopy procedure. Adequate sedation and anesthesia optimize patient comfort and create a favorable environment for the physician to safely and efficiently carry out the necessary procedure. Understandably, levels of sedation and anesthesia vary with the invasiveness of the GI endoscopic procedure and the individual patient. Thus, cogent plans for sedation and anesthesia should be devised for each patient expecting a GI endoscopic procedure. Anesthetic considerations are discussed in detail in Chapter 16.
Service de configuration prédictif pour plateforme multicoeur reconfigurable hétérogène (2007)

Cet article décrit un service de gestion des reconfigurations par préchargement prédictif utile pour les architectures multicoeur composées de coeurs reconfigurables hétérogènes. Le but est de masquer les latences de reconfiguration dues aux transferts de bitstreams de grande taille, pour ainsi permettre une plus grande dynamicité de reconfiguration. Nous présentons l'implémentation logicielle du service de préchargement et sa validation fonctionnelle. L'architecture du projet européen Morpheus est utilisée comme exemple pour faire cette validation: nous montrons comment, sur des graphes d'applications simplifiés, masquer complètement le surcoût de la reconfiguration.
Clustered clinical findings for diagnosis of cervical spine myelopathy (2010)

Cervical spine myelopathy (CSM) is a clinical diagnosis made with imaging confirmation. At present, most clinical tests used to identify CSM are specific and no clusters of tests have proven more beneficial than stand alone tests in guiding treatment decision making. This study endeavored to produce a cluster of predictive clinical findings for a sample of patients using a clinical diagnosis/imaging confirmation as the reference standard for cervical spine myelopathy. Data from 249 patients with various conditions associated with cervical spine dysfunction were analyzed to determine which clinical tests and measures, when clustered together, were most diagnostic for CSM. Using multivariate regression analyses and calculations for sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative likelihood ratios, a definitive cluster was identified. Thirteen clinical findings were investigated for capacity to diagnosis CSM. Five clinical: (1) gait deviation; (2) +Hoffmann's test; (3) inverted supinator sign; (4) +Babinski test; and (5) age >45 years, were demonstrated the capacity when clustered into one of five positive tests to rule out CSM (negative likelihood ratio = 0.18; 95% CI = 0.12-0.42), and when clustered into three of five positive findings to rule in CSM (positive likelihood ratio = 30.9; 95% CI = 5.5-181.8). This study found clustered combinations of clinical findings that could rule in and rule out CSM. These clusters may be useful in identifying patients with this complex diagnosis in similar patient populations.