gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of Telmisartan on Renal Excretory Function in Conscious Dogs (2001)

The present study investigated the effects of telmisartan, a selective AT1 receptor antagonist, on renal function in dogs. Conscious female dogs were treated with (i) vehicle (controls) and three doses of telmisartan (0.03 mg/kg, 0.1 mg/kg and 0.3 mg/kg) administered intravenously; (ii) vehicle and three doses of telmisartan (0.3 mg/kg, 1.0 mg/kg and 3.0 mg/kg) administered orally; or (iii) 1.0 mg/kg per day telmisartan orally for 12 days. Eight dogs were used for each experiment. Each of the four treatments in (i) and (ii) was administered 7 days apart. During the 6 h after intravenous administration, urine volume was significantly higher in dogs treated with telmisartan 0.1 mg/kg (8.5 +/- 1.6 ml/kg) and 0.3 mg/kg (7.0 +/- 0.9 ml/kg) than controls (2.7 +/- 0.3 ml/kg; P < 0.05), and renal sodium excretion was increased significantly with telmisartan 0.03 mg/kg (803 +/- 124 micromol/kg), 0.1 mg/kg (1039 +/- 213 micromol/kg) and 0.3 mg/kg (966 +/- 161 micromol/kg) versus controls (159 +/- 21 micromol/kg; P < 0.05). Oral telmisartan at doses of 1.0 mg/kg and 3.0 mg/kg also produced significant increases in urine volume (7.2 +/- 1.1 ml/kg and 6.6 +/- 1.2 ml/kg, respectively) and renal sodium excretion (599 +/- 146 micromol/kg and 555 +/- 131 micromol/kg, respectively) compared with controls (2.8 +/- 0.5 ml/kg and 80 +/- 33 mciromol/kg; P < 0.05) over the 6-h post-dose period. Telmisartan at all intravenous doses and at 3.0 mg/kg orally increased the urinary excretion of chloride significantly over the 6-h post-dose period compared with vehicle alone. The excretion of potassium and creatinine were unchanged by any treatment. Telmisartan 1.0 mg/kg administered orally for 12 days produced similar results. In conclusion, acute intravenous or oral as well as subchronic oral administration of telmisartan to conscious dogs promotes diuresis and natriuresis without affecting potassium or creatinine excretion.
Stargardt-like macular dystrophy protein ELOVL4 exerts a dominant negative effect by recruiting wild-type protein into aggresomes. (2005)

In the presence of mutant ELOVL4 protein, the wild-type protein was recruited into perinuclear cytoplasmic inclusions that resemble aggresomes. The interaction between the wild-type and mutant forms of ELOVL4 and the resultant alteration in the trafficking of the wild-type ELOVL4 protein suggest a mechanism for the pathogenicity observed in patients with autosomal dominant STGD3.
Small-Scale Procedure for Acid-Catalyzed Ketal Formation (2019)

A modified procedure for dehydrative ketal protections is disclosed, which serves as an alternative to the classic Dean-Stark protocol. Studies show that this new procedure can outperform the Dean-Stark apparatus on small scales and thus serves as a complementary approach to effect dehydrative ketalizations. A detailed procedure for this apparatus is presented.
Investigation of Color Reaction between p-Dimethylaminobenzaldehyde and Urea or Ureido Acids (1956)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInvestigation of Color Reaction between p-Dimethylaminobenzaldehyde and Urea or Ureido AcidsR. E. Cline and R. M. FinkCite this: Anal. Chem. 1956, 28, 1, 47–52Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1956Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1956https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60109a015https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60109a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views449Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Several genes encoding ribosomal proteins are over‐expressed in prostate‐cancer cell lines: Confirmation of L7a and L37 over‐expression in prostate‐cancer tissue samples (1998)

A cDNA library specific for mRNA over-expressed in prostate cancer was generated by subtractive hybridization of transcripts originating from prostatic hyperplasia and cancer tissues.cDNA encoding ribosomal proteins L4, L5, L7a, L23a, L30, L37, S14 and S18 was found to be present among 100 analyzed clones.Levels of ribosomal mRNA were significantly higher at least in one of the prostate-cancer cell lines, LNCaP, DU-145 and PC-3, than in hyperplastic tissue, as determined by slot-blot hybridization.Furthermore, L23aand S14-transcript levels were significantly elevated in PC-3 cells as compared with those in the normal prostate epithelial cell line PrEC.Generally, dramatic changes in the mRNA content of the ribosomal proteins were not detected, the most evident over-expression being that of L37 mRNA, which was 3.4 times more abundant in LNCaP cells than in hyperplastic prostate tissue.The over-expression of L7a and L37 mRNA was confirmed in prostate-cancer tissue samples by in situ hybridization.Elevated cancer-related expression of L4 and L30 has not been reported, but levels of the other ribosomal proteins are known to be increased in several types of cancers.These results therefore suggest that prostate cancer is comparable with other types of cancers, in that a larger pool of some ribosomal proteins is gained during the transformation process, by an unknown mechanism.Int.
Multiple applications of flurbiprofen and chlorhexidine chips in patients with chronic periodontitis: a randomized, double blind, parallel, 2‐arms clinical trial (2011)

Frequent applications of CHX and FBP chips resulted in a significant improvement in the periodontal condition in these sites. Furthermore studies will be required to compare this new treatment regimen to SRP or SRP with single chip application.
Titelbild: Catalytic Enantioselective Synthesis of Oxindoles and Benzofuranones That Bear a Quaternary Stereocenter (Angew. Chem. 33/2003) (2003)

Die enantioselektive Umlagerung von O‐acetylierten Benzofuranen und Oxindolen unter Bildung eines quartären Stereozentrums in der 3‐Position des Heterocyclus wird durch ein planar‐chirales Derivat von 4‐(Dimethylamino)pyridin katalysiert. Wie das Titelbild zeigt, ist die reine Katalysatorlösung rot. Durch Zugabe des Substrats startet der Katalysezyklus, wobei ein Farbumschlag nach Grün die Bildung des Resting‐State‐Ionenpaares anzeigt. Im Hintergrund ist der von Oxindol abgeleitete Naturstoff Diazonamid A gezeigt. Mehr zur asymmetrischen Synthese solcher Heterocyclen erfahren Sie von I. D. Hills und G. C. Fu auf S. 4051 ff.
Manual de prácticas bancarias (2018)

El Manual de Practicas Bancarias se presenta como una guia orientativa a todas las personas que deseen adquirir y ampliar sus conocimientos sobre el significado de buena parte de la terminologia que habitualmente se usa en la relacion con el banco (tan necesaria para comprender y decidir la conveniencia o no de contratar un producto bancario), asi como sobre el funcionamiento y operativa real de los productos bancarios de contratacion mas frecuente tales como: en la financiacion, los prestamos (al consumo e hipotecarios), los productos de ahorro tales como, los depositos a la vista, a plazo, cheques, tarjetas de credito y debito, productos destinados a complementar la Pension de Jubilacion, y en la inversion, los Fondos de Inversion y la inversion en Valores del Tesoro. A lo largo del libro, se van intercalando consejos y advertencias a tener en cuenta cuando se contratan o negocian estos productos financieros bancarios; asi como, se van describiendo practicas bancarias incorrectas o abusivas que constan en las Memorias del Servicio de Reclamaciones del Banco de Espana. Finalmente, se dedica un apartado del libro al modo de proceder cuando queremos presentar una reclamacion al banco por no estar de acuerdo con su actuacion, dejando un espacio a la reflexion cuando se describen las competencias del Organo Supervisor (Banco de Espana) a la hora de exigir a la Entidad Financiera la rectificacion de una actuacion reclamada y resuelta a favor del cliente
Potent Activity of Ponatinib (AP24534) in Models of FLT3-Driven Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Other Hematologic Malignancies (2011)

Ponatinib (AP24534) is a novel multitargeted kinase inhibitor that potently inhibits native and mutant BCR-ABL at clinically achievable drug levels. Ponatinib also has in vitro inhibitory activity against a discrete set of kinases implicated in the pathogenesis of other hematologic malignancies, including FLT3, KIT, fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1), and platelet derived growth factor receptor α (PDGFRα). Here, using leukemic cell lines containing activated forms of each of these receptors, we show that ponatinib potently inhibits receptor phosphorylation and cellular proliferation with IC50 values comparable to those required for inhibition of BCR-ABL (0.3 to 20 nmol/L). The activity of ponatinib against the FLT3-ITD mutant, found in up to 30% of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients, was particularly notable. In MV4-11 (FLT3-ITD(+/+)) but not RS4;11 (FLT3-ITD(-/-)) AML cells, ponatinib inhibited FLT3 signaling and induced apoptosis at concentrations of less than 10 nmol/L. In an MV4-11 mouse xenograft model, once daily oral dosing of ponatinib led to a dose-dependent inhibition of signaling and tumor regression. Ponatinib inhibited viability of primary leukemic blasts from a FLT3-ITD positive AML patient (IC50 4 nmol/L) but not those isolated from 3 patients with AML expressing native FLT3. Overall, these results support the investigation of ponatinib in patients with FLT3-ITD-driven AML and other hematologic malignancies driven by KIT, FGFR1, or PDGFRα.
Turbo space-time codes with time varying linear transformations (2007)

Turbo space-time codes with symbols precoded by randomly chosen unitary time variant linear transformations (TVLT) are investigated in this paper. It is shown that turbo codes with TVLT achieve full diversity gain and do not require exhaustive tests of the rank criterion. We prove that the coding gain performance of turbo space-time codes with TVLT improves with the Hamming distance between codewords (number of different columns). As an additional benefit of the application of TVLT, with the removal of the constant modulation condition, we prove that throughput rates achieved by these codes are significantly higher than those for conventional space-time codes. Numerical results are provided to demonstrate diversity gains, coding gains and rates of turbo space-time codes with TVLT
Three-dimensional computational modeling of high-frequency ultrasound imaging of murine liver and liver metastases. (2010)

High-frequency ultrasound images of preclinical cancer models are sensitive to variations in microanatomy that accompany tumor growth, but the relationships between high-frequency backscattering and tumor microstructure are incompletely understood. To investigate these relationships, a 3-D microanatomical model that incorporates cell number density, sizes of cells and nuclei, and spatial arrangement of cells is used to represent a healthy mouse liver and an experimental liver metastasis. A first-order k-space method is used to synthesize B-mode images by computing linear 3-D propagation of focused 40-MHz pulses through the simulated tissues. Simulated images are compared to corresponding experimental images by constructing gray-level histograms with 13 bins evenly spaced over 256 gray levels. Simulated and experimental speckle distributions for a healthy liver match within one standard deviation in all 13 histogram bins when the sound speed and mass density of the cell nuclei are set to 1503 m/s and 1.43 g/cm3, respectively. Simulated and experimental speckle distributions for the liver metastasis match in 11 of 13 bins when the sound speed and density of the nuclei are set to 1527 m/s and 1.14 g/cm3. These simulations suggest that changes in first-order speckle statistics during tumor development reflect variations in both tissue acoustic and microstructural properties.
Screening of Plant Cell Cultures for New Industrially Interesting Compounds (2020)

Plants have been used as sources of food, beverages, fibers, or building materials, and also as sources of poisons, drugs, colorants, flavors, fragrances, and insecticides. Many natural products are now produced as specialty chemicals for applications in the food, pharmaceutical, and flavor and fragrance industries. Synthesis is usually directed at certain compounds, which will only lead to improved drugs for already known receptors, whereas natural compounds are much more probable to show totally new modes of action in broad screens. The screening methods for antibiotic and antiviral activities are rather straightforward. The use of isolated organs for studying certain biological activities is decreasing because of the wish to reduce the number of animal experiments. In plants, a large number of compounds is present, encompassing a broad spectrum of polarities. Screening of plant cell cultures for new biologically active compounds is feasible.
Korean Medication Algorithm for Bipolar Disorder 2014: Depressive Episode (2014)

Jeong Seok Seo, MD, PhD, Won-Myong Bahk, MD, PhD, Jung-Goo Lee, MD, PhD, Young Sup Woo, MD, PhD, Jong-Hyun Jeong, MD, PhD, Hee Ryung Wang, MD, PhD, Moon-Doo Kim, MD, PhD, Inki Sohn, MD, PhD, Se-Hoon Shim, MD, PhD, Kyung Joon Min, MD, PhD, Duk-In Jon, MD, PhD, Young-Chul Shin, MD, PhD and Bo-Hyun Yoon, MD, PhD Department of Psychiatry, Konkuk University Chungju Hospital, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, Department of Psychiatry, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Department of Psychiatry, Haeundae Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University and Paik Institute for Clinical Research, Department of Health Science and Technology, Graduate School of Inje University, Busan, Department of Psychiatry, St. Vincent’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Jeju Natinal University, Jeju, Department of Psychiatry, Keyo Hospital, Keyo Medical Foundation, Uiwang, Department of Psychiatry, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Department of Psychiatry, Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Anyang, Department of Psychiatry, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Department of Psychiatry, Naju National Hospital, Naju, Korea
An Empirical Comparison of Neural Architectures for Reinforcement Learning in Partially Observable Environments (2015)

This paper explores the performance of fitted neural Q iteration for reinforcement learning in several partially observable environments, using three recurrent neural network architectures: Long Short-Term Memory, Gated Recurrent Unit and MUT1, a recurrent neural architecture evolved from a pool of several thousands candidate architectures. A variant of fitted Q iteration, based on Advantage values instead of Q values, is also explored. The results show that GRU performs significantly better than LSTM and MUT1 for most of the problems considered, requiring less training episodes and less CPU time before learning a very good policy. Advantage learning also tends to produce better results.
Statistical analysis of symbol sequence distributions for machine condition monitoring (2008)

This paper introduces a novel method of investigating the frequency distributions of symbol sequences of discrete signals that have been generated from time series measurements of machine components. The approach is different from conventional spectral methods as the focus is on the time domain, and is therefore suited for monitoring systems that generate non-stationary measurements. A method of statistically analyzing symbolic time series methods is presented. Theoretical background of the method has been introduced and its efficacy is studied through experimental investigation of vibration signals recorded from a rolling bearing elements. Results indicate that the method is robust and can effectively characterize defects and varying operating conditions.
Maturation of Dendritic Cell 2 Phenotype by a Helminth Glycan Uses a Toll-Like Receptor 4-Dependent Mechanism (2003)

The biology of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) stimulating APCs to differentiate into a Th1-promoting phenotype has been well characterized. Conversely, not a single pathogen product that promotes a Th2 phenotype has been rigorously identified. Strong Th2 responses and dendritic cell 2 maturation are driven by helminth extracts, and carbohydrates have been shown to be responsible for much of this activity. In this study, we show that a helminth carbohydrate, lacto-N-fucopentaose III (LNFPIII) functions as an innate Th2 promoter via its action on murine dendritic cells, with the alpha1-3-linked fucose required for this activity. In contrast to Th1-type PAMPs, which activate extracellular signal-regulated kinase, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases, the Th2 PAMP LNFPIII preferentially activates extracellular signal-regulated kinase. Furthermore, the ability of LNFPIII to drive DC2 maturation is dependent on signaling via Toll-like receptor 4. These data support a new understanding of how APCs integrate signaling pathways to produce a Th1- or Th2-promoting phenotype.
Analysis of the Mechanosensor Channel Functionality of TACAN (2021)

Abstract Mechanosensitive ion channels mediate transmembrane ion currents activated by mechanical forces. A mechanosensitive ion channel called TACAN was recently reported. We began to study TACAN with the intent to understand how it senses mechanical forces and functions as an ion channel. Using cellular patch-recording methods we failed to identify mechanosensitive ion channel activity. Using membrane reconstitution methods we found that TACAN, at high protein concentrations, produces non-selective, heterogeneous conduction levels that are not mechanosensitive and are most consistent with disruptions of the lipid bilayer. We determined the structure of TACAN using single particle cryo-EM and observe that it forms a symmetrical dimeric transmembrane protein. Each protomer contains an intracellular-facing cleft with a coenzyme-A co-factor, confirmed by mass spectrometry. The TACAN protomers are related in 3-dimensional structure to a fatty acid elongase, ELOVL. Whilst its physiological function remains unclear, we anticipate that TACAN is not a mechanosensitive ion channel.
Review of the Trace Amine-Associated Receptor 1 (TAAR1) Agonist Ulotaront: Part II—Summary of Initial Clinical Efficacy/Safety Results (2023)

Abstract Introduction Ulotaront is a trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) agonist with serotonin 5-HT1A agonist activity that has received FDA Breakthrough Therapy Designation for the treatment of schizophrenia. Here we summarize ongoing clinical research characterizing the efficacy and safety of ulotaront as a member of the novel trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) agonist class. Methods Summarized are results from a double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ulotaront (50 mg or 75 mg) in an acute exacerbation of schizophrenia, and a 6-month, open-label follow-up study. Also summarized are post-hoc analyses evaluating negative symptom efficacy, and key safety and adverse event (AE) outcomes. Results In the short-term study, treatment with ulotaront was associated with significant ( p &lt;0.001) endpoint improvement in the PANSS total score (effect size [ES]: 0.45), the CGI-Severity score (ES: 0.52) and the Brief Negative Symptom Scale total score (ES: 0.48). The incidence of any AE was lower on ulotaront versus placebo (45.8% vs. 50.4%), and the number needed to harm (NNH) for individual AEs on ulotaront were all &gt;40. Ulotaront was associated with lower risk for antipsychotic class-related AEs (extrapyramidal symptoms, akathisia, somnolence, nausea/vomiting, increased weight/metabolic labs, prolactinemia). The 6-month study demonstrated further improvement, with a completion rate (67%) that was higher than reported for current dopamine D2 antipsychotics. Conclusions The emerging profile of ulotaront is characterized by significant improvement in positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. The safety and tolerability profile of ulotaront is markedly different with respect to antipsychotic class-related AEs. The benefit-risk profile of ulotaront, as a member of a novel TAAR1 agonist class, is distinguished from antipsychotics by lack of AEs related to D2 and serotonin 5-HT2A receptor blockade. Funding Sunovion Pharmaceuticals, Inc., and Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development &amp; Commercialization, Inc.
Scaling characteristics of aerodynamics and low-NOx properties of industrial natural gas burners: The scaling 400 study. Part 1. Test plan. Topical report, June 1, 1991-January 31, 1993 (1993)

Market and regulatory pressures are increasing demands for advanced natural gas industrial burners that can meet stringent environmental emissions standards without sacrificing efficiency and productivity. Rapid progress is being made in combustion laboratories toward meeting these demands. However, there must always be ways to translate the lab- and pilot-scale designs to production scale equipment if the benefits of the new technologies are going to be realized. The overall aim of the IFRF burner scaling program is to develop criteria for turbulent diffusion natural gas combustion that will enable translation of lab- and pilot-plant results into full-scale designs.
Improved Speed of Bone Removal in Computed Tomographic Angiography Using Automated Targeted Morphological Separation (2008)

We developed an automated algorithm for bone removal in computed tomographic angiographic images that identifies and deletes connections between bone and vessels. Our automated algorithm is significantly faster than manual methods (2.45 minutes vs 73 minutes) and only generates about 2 small artifactual deletions per patient, mostly in the region of the ankle. Image quality was equivalent to manual methods. It shows promise as a tool for fast and accurate postprocessing of computed tomographic angiograms.