gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Data from Class I HDACs Are Mediators of Smoke Carcinogen–Induced Stabilization of DNMT1 and Serve as Promising Targets for Chemoprevention of Lung Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;DNA methylation is an early event in bronchial carcinogenesis and increased DNA methyltransferase (DNMT)1 protein expression is a crucial step in the oncogenic transformation of epithelia. Here, we investigate the role of class I histone deacetylases (HDAC) 1 to 3 in the stabilization of DNMT1 protein and as a potential therapeutic target for lung cancer chemoprevention. Long-term exposure of immortalized bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC-3KT) to low doses of tobacco-related carcinogens led to oncogenic transformation, increased HDAC expression, cell-cycle independent increased DNMT1 stability, and DNA hypermethylation. Overexpression of HDACs was associated with increased DNMT1 stability and knockdown of HDACs reduced DNMT1 protein levels and induced DNMT1 acetylation. This suggests a causal relationship among increased class I HDACs levels, upregulation of DNMT1 protein, and subsequent promoter hypermethylation. Targeting of class I HDACs with valproic acid (VPA) was associated with reduced HDAC expression and a profound reduction of DNMT1 protein level. Treatment of transformed bronchial epithelial cells with VPA resulted in reduced colony formation, demethylation of the aberrantly methylated SFRP2 promoter, and derepression of SFRP2 transcription. These data suggest that inhibition of HDAC activity may reverse or prevent carcinogen-induced transformation. Finally, immunohistochemistry on human lung cancer specimens revealed a significant increase in DNMT1, HDAC1, HDAC2, and HDAC3 expression, supporting our hypotheses that class I HDACs are mediators of DNMT1 stability. In summary, our study provides evidence for an important role of class I HDACs in controlling the stability of DNMT1 and suggests that HDAC inhibition could be an attractive approach for lung cancer chemoprevention. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Prev Res; 7(3); 351–61. ©2014 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Crystal Structure of Dengue Virus Type 1 Envelope Protein in the Postfusion Conformation and Its Implications for Membrane Fusion (2009)

Dengue virus relies on a conformational change in its envelope protein, E, to fuse the viral lipid membrane with the endosomal membrane and thereby deliver the viral genome into the cytosol. We have determined the crystal structure of a soluble fragment E (sE) of dengue virus type 1 (DEN-1). The protein is in the postfusion conformation even though it was not exposed to a lipid membrane or detergent. At the domain I-domain III interface, 4 polar residues form a tight cluster that is absent in other flaviviral postfusion structures. Two of these residues, His-282 and His-317, are conserved in flaviviruses and are part of the "pH sensor" that triggers the fusogenic conformational change in E, at the reduced pH of the endosome. In the fusion loop, Phe-108 adopts a distinct conformation, forming additional trimer contacts and filling the bowl-shaped concavity observed at the tip of the DEN-2 sE trimer.
Relationships between clubshaft motions and clubface orientation during the golf swing (2017)

Since clubface orientation at impact affects ball direction and ball spin, the ability to control clubface orientation is one of the most important skills for golfers. This study presents a new method to describe clubface orientation as a function of the clubshaft motions (i.e., swing plane orientation, clubshaft angle in the swing plane, and clubshaft rolling angle) during a golf swing and investigates the relationships between the clubshaft motions and clubface orientation at impact. The club motion data of driver shots were collected from eight skilled golfers using a three-dimensional motion capture system. The degrees of influence of the clubshaft motions on the clubface orientation were investigated using sensitivity analysis. The sensitivity analysis revealed that the swing plane horizontal angle affected the clubface horizontal angle to an extent of 100%, that the clubshaft angle in the swing plane affected both the clubface vertical and horizontal angles to extents of 74 and 68%, respectively, and that the clubshaft rolling angle affected both the clubface vertical and horizontal angles to extents of -67 and 75%, respectively. Since the method presented here relates clubface orientation to clubshaft motions, it is useful for understanding the clubface control of a golfer.
An Analysis of Pulsed Ultrasonic Fields as Measured by PVDF Spot-Poled Membrane Hydrophones (1983)

Absmcr-Transient fields of pulsed ultrasonic sources radiating into water were investigated experimentally. The measurements were made using dot and annular polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) spot-poled membrane hydrophones having element dimensions ranging from 0.3 mm to 1.0 mm. The transient ultrasonic fields were generated using thick piezoelectric circular plates and broadband thickness-resonant disks. Both source types produced pulses composed of the expected “plane” and “edge” waves. The amplitude of the received signal from the edge wave varied as the spatial profile of the source velocity and the receiver size were changed, a result consistent with a previously developed theoretical model for the planar baffled piston. Additionally, two head waves arising from the reradiation of longitudinal and transverse lateral (pseudosurface) waves were observed; these interfered with the edge wave over certain regions of the field.
A Recommender System based on Detected Users' Complaints by Analyzing Reviews (2018)

Even though the popularity of e-commerce recommender systems continues to spread, traditional recommender systems might not recommend alternatives that can solve the problems of the items flagged by users. Since users need to choose options on existing services, e.g., screen quality and size, it remains difficult to satisfy their requirements. Therefore, we propose a novel item recommender system based on our analysis of complaint data and review comments on e-commerce. Our system first generates negative feature vectors from complaint data and positive feature vectors from review comments. Next, it calculates the similarities of these two vectors and identifies reviews that can solve the complaints about the items checked by users, and provides alternatives for each user complaint. In this paper, we describe our proposed recommendation method based on complaint and review data.
New All Aluminum Alloy Vacuum System for the TRISTAN e+e- Storage Accelerator (1981)

A new all aluminum alloy vacuum system for TRISTAN e+e- storage accelerator is described. The system is designed to satify such conditions as high reliability, simplicity, low residual radioactivity, impedance matching, low space factor, light weight, standerdization of the components and low cost. Aluminum alloy is chosen to be as material of the vacuum system. The construction of the accumulator ring starts from April 1981.
A totem-pole PFC using hybrid pulse-width-modulation scheme (2017)

In AC to DC power conversion application, totem-pole bridgeless PFC topology is drawing more attention, owing to its low semiconductor components count and high efficiency. The switches in totem-pole bridgeless PFC are usually operated as a pair of boost converters within a half-line-cycle, which is equivalent to unipolar pulse-width-modulation scheme. However, zero-crossing current distortion is unavoidable, due to the dead-time is inserted between the commutation of low-frequency, line rectification leg. To mitigate such current distortion near zero-crossing, a hybrid pulse-width-modulation scheme for totem-pole bridgeless PFC, is proposed. The idea is basically hybridizing both unipolar pulse-width-modulation and bipolar pulse-width-modulation. The proposed method transits the modulation scheme from unipolar modulation to bipolar modulation during the event of zero-crossing. Hence, the current distortion at the zero-crossing is mitigated. Operations and experimental results will be given.
Wide gamut lighting and color contrast in anomalous trichromacy (2021)

LED lighting provides considerable flexibility for shaping the light spectrum for different applications, including increasing the color gamut. While the spectra are typically designed for their effects on observers with normal color vision, the chosen spectra could also enhance color perception in color-deficient observers (Tamura et al. 2015, 2017), and could potentially emulate the effects of filter aids for color deficiencies. We examined the consequences of typical or wide-gamut luminaires for color deficient observers. Protanomalous and deuteranomalous individuals have altered L- or M-cone spectral sensitivities that result in a compression of the color contrasts along the L vs. M axis of cone-opponent space. Light sources designed to increase these contrasts would thus be expected to amplify the L vs. M signals for color-deficient observers. We modeled the effects of different luminaires on color contrast for normal trichromats and protanomalous or deuteranomalous observers. For this we notionally illuminated the spectral reflectances of Munsell surfaces that were selected to yield a uniform circle of 36 hues in a cone-opponent space under an equal energy white luminaire for a color normal trichromatic observer. We then illuminated these surfaces with typical illuminants and the Rec.2020 UHDTV wide color gamut standard to evaluate chromatic contrast for color-anomalous observers and normal trichromats. The results illustrate the potential for modern wide-gamut light sources to enhance color contrast for anomalous trichromats.
Frequency and dependence of long range temporal correlations in human hippocampal energy fluctuations: Research Articles (2005)

Spontaneous energy fluctuations in human hippocampal EEG show prominent amplitude and temporal variability. Here we show hippocampal energy fluctuations often exhibit long-range temporal correlations with power-law scaling. In most cases this scaling behavior persisted on time scales in excess of 10 minutes, the maximum duration we could detect with our recording durations. During these epochs we find that the energy fluctuations exhibit long-range correlations over a broad frequency range (0.5–100 Hz) with greater persistence of the correlations in the lower frequency bands (0.5–30 Hz) than the higher (30–100 Hz). The correlation in hippocampal energy fluctuations is characterized by a bias for energy fluctuations to be followed by similar magnitude fluctuations over all energy scales, i.e. large fluctuations begets large fluctuations and small begets small. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Complexity 10: 35–45, 2005This paper was submitted as part of the Special Issue: Understanding Complex Systems (Complexity, Vol. 10/No. 3 and No. 4)
Mass median particle size determination of an active compound in a binary mixture using near-infrared spectroscopy (1998)

Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy was applied to the determination of the mass median particle size (mmps) of a micronised active compound contained within a lactose monohydrate matrix. The concentration of the active compound was 4% by weight, and covered a mmps range between 8 and 20 µm. Multivariate statistical analysis was applied to zero order NIR spectra, using particle size data obtained by laser diffractometry as the reference technique. Based upon a limited data set and partial method validation, principal component regression using three factors produced a standard error of calibration in the order of 2 µm. Due to the speed, simplicity and low operating costs of this technique, it has been demonstrated that NIR spectroscopy is a viable alternative to methods that have been applied to this particular problem.
Treinta años de estudios sobre sintaxis histórica de la lengua española en la Edad Media y el Renacimiento: enfoques y propuestas (2021)

In this paper we review the studies and lines of research in historical syntax of Spanish referring to the medieval and Renaissance period during the last 30 years. We particularly highlight the figure of Rafael Lapesa, the great promoter of historical syntax studies in the last decades of the last century, the work of Concepción Company, director of the first great historical syntax of Spanish and the works collected in the proceedings of the international congresses on the history of the Spanish language, which are a clear testimony to the development of different interests in the field of Spanish history in recent years. We emphasize the importance of the arrival of online corpus, which has meant a methodological renovation in historical studies, and we point out some fruitful lines of research in recent decades, such as research on grammaticalization processes or on discursive traditions in relation to historical syntax. The syntax-pragmatic and syntax-discourse interface also shows promising development paths.
The magnetic phases of face-centred-cubic iron (1999)

The energy bands and magnetic moments of the magnetic phases of face-centred-cubic iron are calculated from first principles with the augmented spherical wave method and the fixed-spin-moment procedure. An antiferromagnetic phase that requires a four-atom cell to exist is added. This phase is the current ground state of the bulk layers of Fe film epitaxial on Cu(001). A ferrimagnetic phase and a very-low-spin phase are also found and compared with previous work. In a narrow range of volume that includes the bulk layers of the Fe films on Cu(001) at least eight magnetic phases exist.
Spatio-temporally resolved optical emission spectroscopy of APGdischarge in neon (2004)

The aim of this work is to study the dielectric barrier
discharge burning in neon at atmospheric pressure. The
discharge was generated between two metal electrodes, which
were covered with an alumina layer. The type of the discharge
(as concerning glow or filamentary discharge) was resolved from
the electrical measurements of the discharge current. The light
emitted by the glow discharge was studied by means of time- and
space- resolved optical emission spectroscopy. The experimental
results confirmed, that the diffuse discharge in neon at
atmospheric pressure has really a glow-like character. The
spatial intensity distribution of the discharge has a structure
similar to the low pressure glow discharge with a cathode fall,
positive column and anode fall. The temporal development of
line intensities shows, that whereas neon atoms and nitrogen
molecules are directly excited in electron collisions, other
species as oxygen, hydrogen or OH are stepwise excited through
the metastables.
Dual‐hormone artificial pancreas for management of type 1 diabetes: Recent progress and future directions (2021)

Over the last few years, technological advances have led to tremendous improvement in the management of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Artificial pancreas systems have been shown to improve glucose control compared with conventional insulin pump therapy. However, clinically significant hypoglycemic and hyperglycemic episodes still occur with the artificial pancreas. Postprandial glucose excursions and exercise-induced hypoglycemia represent major hurdles in improving glucose control and glucose variability in many patients with T1D. In this regard, dual-hormone artificial pancreas systems delivering other hormones in addition to insulin (glucagon or amylin) may better reproduce the physiology of the endocrine pancreas and have been suggested as an alternative tool to overcome these limitations in clinical practice. In addition, novel ultra-rapid-acting insulin analogs with a more physiological time-action profile are currently under investigation for use in artificial pancreas devices, aiming to address the unmet need for further improvements in postprandial glucose control. This review article aims to discuss the current progress and future outlook in the development of novel ultra-rapid insulin analogs and dual-hormone closed-loop systems, which offer the next steps to fully closing the loop in the artificial pancreas.
Pharmacologic treatment of donor cells induced to have a Warburg effect‐like metabolism does not alter embryonic development in vitro or survival during early gestation when used in somatic cell nuclear transfer in pigs (2018)

Somatic cell nuclear transfer is a valuable technique for the generation of genetically engineered animals, however, the efficiency of cloning in mammalian species is low (1-3%). Differentiated somatic cells commonly used in nuclear transfer utilize the tricarboxylic acid cycle and cellular respiration for energy production. Comparatively the metabolism of somatic cells contrasts that of the cells within the early embryos which predominately use glycolysis. Early embryos (prior to implantation) are evidenced to exhibit characteristics of a Warburg Effect (WE)-like metabolism. We hypothesized that pharmacologically driven fibroblast cells can become more blastomere-like and result in improved in vitro embryonic development after SCNT. The goals were to determine if subsequent in vitro embryo development is impacted by (1) cloning pharmacologically treated donor cells pushed to have a WE-like metabolism or (2) culturing non-treated donor clones with pharmaceuticals used to push a WE-like metabolism. Additionally, we investigated early gestational survival of the donor-treated clone embryos. Here we demonstrate that in vitro development of clones is not hindered by pharmacologically treating either the donor cells or the embryos themselves with CPI, PS48, or the combination of these drugs. Furthermore, these experiments demonstrate that early embryos (or at least in vitro produced embryos) have a low proportion of mitochondria which have high membrane potential and treatment with these pharmaceuticals does not further alter the mitochondrial function in early embryos. Lastly, we show that survival in early gestation was not different between clones from pharmacologically induced WE-like donor cells and controls.
Expression of Clarkia S‐linalool synthase in transgenic petunia plants results in the accumulation of S‐linalyl‐β‐d‐glucopyranoside (2001)

Petunia hybrida W115 was transformed with a Clarkia breweri S-linalool synthase cDNA (lis). Lis was expressed in all tissues analysed, and linalool was detected in leaves, sepals, corolla, stem and ovary, but not in nectaries, roots, pollen and style. However, the S-linalool produced by the plant in the various tissues is not present as free linalool, but was efficiently converted to non-volatile S-linalyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside by the action of endogenous glucosyltransferase. The results presented demonstrate that monoterpene production can be altered by genetic modification, and that the compounds produced can be converted by endogenous enzymatic activity.
Comparison of 18F-FET PET and Perfusion-Weighted MR Imaging: A PET/MR Imaging Hybrid Study in Patients with Brain Tumors (2014)

In patients with cerebral glioma, tumor imaging with (18)F-FET PET and rCBV yields different information. (18)F-FET PET shows considerably higher TBRs and larger tumor volumes than rCBV maps. The spatial congruence of both parameters is poor. The locations of the local hot spots differ considerably. Taken together, our data show that metabolically active tumor tissue of gliomas as depicted by amino acid PET is not reflected by rCBV as measured with PWI.
A Multi-Bit Neuromorphic Weight Cell Using Ferroelectric FETs, suitable for SoC Integration (2018)

A multi-bit digital weight cell for high-performance, inference-only non-GPU-like neuromorphic accelerators is presented. The cell is designed with simplicity of peripheral circuitry in mind. Non-volatile storage of weights which eliminates the need for DRAM access is based on FeFETs and is purely digital. The multiply-and-accumulate operation is performed using passive resistors, gated by FeFETs. The resulting weight cell offers a high degree of linearity and a large ON/OFF ratio. The key performance tradeoffs are investigated, and the device requirements are elucidated.
F-16XL Hybrid Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes/Large-Eddy Simulation on Unstructured Grids (2017)

The Cranked Arrow Wing Aerodynamics Program, International (CAWAPI) investigation is continued with the FUN3D and USM3D flow solvers to fuse flight test, wind tunnel test, and simulation of swept wing aerodynamic features. Simulations of a low speed, high angle of attack condition are compared. Detached Eddy Simulation (DES), Modified Delayed Detached Eddy Simulation (MDDES), and the Spalart-Allmaras (SA) RANS model. Isosurfaces of Q criterion show the development of coherent primary and secondary vortices on the upper surface of the wing that spiral, burst, and commingle. Mean DES and MDDES pressures better predict the flight test measurements than SA model predictions, especially on the outer wing section. The USM3D simulations predicted many sharp tones in volume point pressure spectra with low broadband noise and The FUN3D simulations predicted more broadband noise with weaker tones. Spectra of the volume points near the outer wing leading-edge was primarily broadband for both codes. Time-averaged forces are very similar between FUN3D simulations and and similar between USM3D simulations, but FUN3D predicts slightly higher lift and lower drag than USM3D. There is more variation in the pitching moment predictions. Spectra of the unsteady forces and moment are mostly broadband for FUN3D and tonal for USM3D simulations.
A sub-micron capacitive gap process for multiple-metal-electrode lateral micromechanical resonators (2002)

A fabrication process has been demonstrated that combines polysilicon surface micromachining, metal electroplating, and a sidewall sacrificial-spacer technique, to achieve high-aspect-ratio, submicron, lateral capacitive gaps between a micromechanical structure and its metal electrodes, without the need for advanced lithographic and etching technology. Among the devices demonstrated using this process are lateral free-free beam micromechanical resonators (Q=10,470 at 10.47 MHz), contour mode disk resonators (Q=9,400 at 156 MHz), and temperature-compensated micromechanical resonators (Q=10,317 at 13.5 MHz, with a -200 ppm frequency variation over a full 80/spl deg/C range).
Molecular remodeling of cardiac contractile function (1997)

A number of techniques are now available that allow the contractile apparatus of the heart to be altered in a defined manner. This review focuses on those approaches that result in germ-line transmission of the remodeling event(s). Thus the desired modifications can be propagated stably throughout multiple generations and result in the creation of stable, new animal models. Necessarily, such stable changes need to be performed at the level of the genome, and two distinct but complementary approaches have been developed: transgenesis and gene targeting. Each results in the stable modification of the mammalian genome. Via gene targeting or gene ablation of sequences encoding various components of the sarcomere, the contractile apparatus of the heart can be altered dramatically. Ablating a gene may lead to a loss in function, which can help establish a function of the candidate sequence. Gene targeting can also be used to effect changes in the sequences encoding a functional domain of the contractile protein or at a single-amino acid residue, resulting in the establishment of precise structure-function relationships. With the use of transgenesis, the contractile apparatus of the heart can also be significantly remodeled. These approaches are rapidly creating a group of animals in which altered contractile protein complements will lead to a fundamental understanding of the structure-function relationships that underlie the function of the heart at the molecular, biochemical, whole organ, and whole animal levels.