gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Toward 4G IP-based Wireless Systems: A Proposal for the Uplink (2002)

A packet switched wireless cellular system with wide area coverage and high throughput is proposed. The system is designed to be cost effective and to provide high spectral efficiency. It makes use of a combination of tools and concepts: Smart antennas both at base stations and mobiles, provide antenna gain and improve the signal to interference ratio. The fast fading is predicted in both time and frequency and a slotted OFDM radio interface is used, in which time-frequency slots are allocated adaptively to different mobile users, based on their predicted channel quality. This enables efficient scheduling among sectors and users as well as fast adaptive modulation and power control. We here outline the uplink of the radio interface. Calculations based on simplifying assumptions illustrate how the channel capacity grows with the number of simultaneous users and the number of antenna elements. A high capacity can be attained already for moderate numbers of users and base station/terminal antennas. 1
Degranulation Inhibition (1986)

Previous studies with neutrophils from patients with intra-abdominal sepsis have provided convincing evidence of in vivo exposure to C5a. However, in contradistinction to normal cells pretreated with C5a, patient cells showed depressed superoxide response to N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenyl-alanine (FMLP) and enhanced FMLP receptor affinity. To identify possible mechanisms responsible for these findings, we examined the effects of lysosomal alkalinization with the weak base clindamycin on normal neutrophils with and without C5a. Our results showed a specific suppression of FMLP-induced superoxide production and a loss of low-affinity FMLP receptors. These results occurred in the presence of clindamycin levels that did not interfere with other cellular processes. These findings suggest that regulation of neutrophil function during the course of intra-abdominal sepsis may be due to effectors active both at the cell surface (C5a) and within the lysosome. The clinical significance of our findings relates to a possible mechanism for specific pharmacologic suppression of oxide-radical production by neutrophils. Such oxide radicals are believed to be important in the capillary injury accompanying severe sepsis.
Supplementary Figures and Tables from Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and PTEN Modulate Tissue Factor Expression in Glioblastoma through JunD/Activator Protein-1 Transcriptional Activity (2023)

Supplementary Figures and Tables from Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and PTEN Modulate Tissue Factor Expression in Glioblastoma through JunD/Activator Protein-1 Transcriptional Activity
Heterologous Production ofHalorhodospira halophilaHolo-Photoactive Yellow Protein through Tandem Expression of the Postulated Biosynthetic Genes (2003)

The photoactive yellow protein (PYP) is a bacterial photoreceptor which is the structural prototype for the PAS domain superfamily of regulators and receptors. PYP is known to have a unique p-hydroxycinnamic acid chromophore, covalently attached to a cysteine. To date, it has not been shown how holo-PYP is formed in vivo. Two genes, nearby pyp, were postulated to encode the biosynthetic enzymes, but only one was previously isolated and shown to have the requisite activity. By using a dual plasmid system, one expressing the PYP from Halorhodospira halophila and the other expressing a two-gene operon, consisting of tyrosine ammonia lyase and p-hydroxycinnamic acid ligase, we are able to present evidence that a functionally active holo-PYP can be synthesized in Escherichia coli. Plasmids containing only one of the two enzymes failed to produce holoprotein. Thus, the two genes have been shown to be both necessary and sufficient for production of holoprotein, although the activating group remains unknown. This expression system not only holds great potential for mutagenesis studies but also opens new possibilities in the search for (a) signaling partner(s) of the PYP.
Phospholipid-mediated exfoliation as a facile preparation method for graphene suspensions (2018)

This paper deals with simple, inexpensive and 'green' methods of production for graphene in colloidal dispersion. Herein, we report on such a method by preparing aqueous graphene dispersions <i>via</i> ultrasonic exfoliation in the presence of 1,2-dioleoyl-<i>sn-glycero</i>-3-phosphocholine (DOPC). The product predominantly consists of few-layer graphene flakes coated by DOPC with a lateral size of a few tens to hundreds of nm, as confirmed by Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The novelty of this method lies in its dependence on a typical soft matter property: the fluidity of the hydrophobic chains. Stiffer phospholipids such as 1,2-dipalmitoyl-<i>sn-glycero</i>-3-phosphocholine (DPPC, which possesses two palmitoyl chains) or 2-oleoyl-1-palmitoyl-<i>sn-glycero</i>-3-phosphocholine (POPC, one palmitoyl, one oleyl chain) are ineffective at dispersing graphene; however, in the presence of cholesterol these phospholipids also become effective mediators. The phospholipid coating renders the flakes compatible with biological environments.
Mu‐opioid receptor activation induces transcriptional plasticity in the central extended amygdala (2008)

Addiction develops from the gradual adaptation of the brain to chronic drug exposure, and involves genetic reprogramming of neuronal function. The central extended amygdala (EAc) is a network formed by the central amygdala and the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. This key site controls drug craving and seeking behaviors, and has not been investigated at the gene regulation level. We used Affymetrix microarrays to analyze transcriptional activity in the murine EAc, with a focus on mu-opioid receptor-associated events because these receptors mediate drug reward and dependence. We identified 132 genes whose expression is regulated by a chronic escalating morphine regimen in the EAc from wild-type but not mu-opioid receptor knockout mice. These modifications are mostly EAc-specific. Gene ontology analysis reveals an overrepresentation of neurogenesis, cell growth and signaling protein categories. A separate quantitative PCR analysis of genes in the last of these groups confirms the dysregulation of both orphan (Gpr88) and known (DrD1A, Adora2A, Cnr1, Grm5, Gpr6) G protein-coupled receptors, scaffolding (PSD95, Homer1) and signaling (Sgk, Cap1) proteins, and neuropeptides (CCK, galanin). These transcriptional modifications do not occur following a single morphine injection, and hence result from long-term adaptation to excessive mu receptor activation. Proteins encoded by these genes are classically associated with spine modules function in other brain areas, and therefore our data suggest a remodeling of EAc circuits at sites where glutamatergic and monoaminergic afferences interact. Together, mu receptor-dependent genes identified in this study potentially contribute to drug-induced neural plasticity, and provide a unique molecular repertoire towards understanding drug craving and relapse.
Investigating Content-Aware Neural Text-to-Speech MOS Prediction Using Prosodic and Linguistic Features (2023)

Current state-of-the-art methods for automatic synthetic speech evaluation are based on MOS prediction neural models. Such MOS prediction models include MOSNet and LDNet that use spectral features as input, and SSL-MOS that relies on a pretrained selfsupervised learning model that directly uses the speech signal as input. In modern high-quality neural TTS systems, prosodic appropriateness with regard to the spoken content is a decisive factor for speech naturalness. For this reason, we propose to include prosodic and linguistic features as additional inputs in MOS prediction systems, and evaluate their impact on the prediction outcome. We consider phoneme-level F0 and duration features as prosodic inputs, as well as Tacotron encoder outputs, POS tags and BERT embeddings as higher-level linguistic inputs. All MOS prediction systems are trained on SOMOS, a neural TTS-only dataset with crowdsourced naturalness MOS evaluations. Results show that the proposed additional features are beneficial in the MOS prediction task, by improving the predicted MOS scores’ correlation with the ground truths, both at utterance-level and system-level predictions.
Coupling enrichment methods with proteomics for understanding and treating disease (2014)

Owing to recent advances in proteomics analytical methods and bioinformatics capabilities there is a growing trend toward using these capabilities for the development of drugs to treat human disease, including target and drug evaluation, understanding mechanisms of drug action, and biomarker discovery. Currently, the genetic sequences of many major organisms are available, which have helped greatly in characterizing proteomes in model animal systems and humans. Through proteomics, global profiles of different disease states can be characterized (e.g. changes in types and relative levels as well as changes in PTMs such as glycosylation or phosphorylation). Although intracellular proteomics can provide a broad overview of physiology of cells and tissues, it has been difficult to quantify the low abundance proteins which can be important for understanding the diseased states and treatment progression. For this reason, there is increasing interest in coupling comparative proteomics methods with subcellular fractionation and enrichment techniques for membranes, nucleus, phosphoproteome, glycoproteome as well as low abundance serum proteins. In this review, we will provide examples of where the utilization of different proteomics-coupled enrichment techniques has aided target and biomarker discovery, understanding the drug targeting mechanism, and mAb discovery. Taken together, these improvements will help to provide a better understanding of the pathophysiology of various diseases including cancer, autoimmunity, inflammation, cardiovascular disease, and neurological conditions, and in the design and development of better medicines for treating these afflictions.
[P1–223]: FUNCTIONAL ROLES FOR TAOK KINASES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF TAU PATHOLOGY IN ALZHEIMER's DISEASE (2017)

Deposition of aberrantly hyperphosphorylated tau protein as neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in the brain is a pathological feature of several neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Thousand-and-one amino acid kinases (TAOKs) phosphorylate Tau on more than 40 residues and catalytically active TAOKs are associated with NFTs in AD brain sections. TAOK phosphorylation of Tau and the progression of Tau pathology are investigated here to assess whether TAOKs may offer suitable therapeutic targets for neurodegenerative diseases. TAOK expression was increased in rat primary neurons and cell lines by transfection/transduction and TAOK activity was inhibited using a novel TAOK inhibitor. The resulting alterations in Tau phosphorylation and neuron morphology were examined using immunofluorescence and immunoblotting. Changes in TAOK catalytic activity associated with neurodegeneration were assessed by immunohistochemical staining of human AD (Braak II-VI) brains and transgenic hTau and rTg4510 mouse brain sections. A novel TAOK inhibitor reduces Tau phosphorylation in primary rat cortical neurons and cells transfected with human Tau. Two novel PHF-Tau associated residues (Thr 123 and Thr 427) were identified and shown to be phosphorylated by TAOKs. Both Tau residues appear to be phosphorylated specifically by TAOKs and were identified to be phosphorylated in brain sections from AD patients (Braak II-VI) and tauopathy mouse models. The results demonstrate that Tau is a key substrate for TAOKs and that the phosphorylation of Tau by TAOKs can be reduced by a novel small molecule inhibitor. Catalytically active TAOKs and phosphorylated Tau (p-Thr123 and p-Thr427) occur in NFTs in early (Braak II) and late (Braak V-VI) AD brain sections and also in brain sections from Tau transgenic mouse models. These results are consistent with functional roles for TAOKs in the development of Tau pathology in neurodegenerative disease.
Measurement of the Transport Properties of Fluids (1991)

Introduction oscillating-body viscometers capillary viscometers vibrating viscometers falling-body viscometers steady-state methods for thermal conductivity transient methods for thermal conductivity light scattering diffusion co-efficients secondary co-efficients low-temperature measurement high-temperature measurement reference data.
Educational Attainment Moderates the Association Between Hippocampal Volumes and Memory Performances in Healthy Older Adults (2018)

<b>Objective:</b> To examine whether educational attainment, as a proxy of cognitive reserve, moderated the association between hippocampal volumes and episodic verbal memory performances in healthy older adults. <b>Methods:</b> Data from 76 community dwelling older adults were included in the present study. Measures of hippocampal volumes (total, left, and right) were obtained using FreeSurfer software. Immediate and delayed verbal recall scores were derived from performances on the California Verbal Learning Test-Second Edition and the Wechsler Memory Scale- Third Edition. Educational attainment was defined by years of education. Linear regression analyses were performed using immediate and delayed recall as dependent variables and hippocampal volumes, years of education, and their interaction terms as independent variables. All analyses were controlled for age, sex, depression, and health status. <b>Results:</b> Total and left Hippocampal volumes had a positive main effect on delayed recall only. Additionally, the interaction between total, left, and right hippocampal volumes and education was a significant predictor for delayed recall performance but not for immediate recall performance. The positive association between hippocampal volumes and delayed recall was greatest in those with more years of education. <b>Conclusion:</b> Larger hippocampal volumes were associated with better delayed verbal recall and the effect on delayed recall was greatest in those with more years of education. Having higher levels of education, or cognitive reserve, may enable individuals to capitalize on greater structural integrity in the hippocampus to support delayed recall in old age. However, longitudinal research is needed to investigate the directionality of these associations.
20 Gbit/s error-free operation of 850 nm oxide-confined VCSELs beyond 1 km of multimode fibre (2012)

Error-free transmission over 1.1 km of OM4 multimode fibre is demonstrated at 20 Gbit/s bit rate using a narrow spectral width, high-speed 850 nm vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser.
G050043 Influence of loading ratio on supersonic flow of cold spray (2011)

Thermal spraying is one of the successful surface processing method that gives restoration or a new function on various mechanical components. The thermal spraying process accelerates the solid particle by a high temperature and a high velocity gas stream. After impacting on the surface of the substrates, the particles are formed into a coating. The present study is a gas-dynamic research on a cold spray, which is a cutting edge coating method. The cold spray process makes the solid particle impact on the substrate at a high velocity by a supersonic gas flow in the state of the solid phase to form a coating. It is experimentally clarified that the particle starts deposition on the substrate when particle velocity exceeded a critical velocity. Therefore, it is important to clarify the particle behavior. In this study, the influence of the loading ratio on the gas flow and the particle behavior is examined by quasi-one-dimensional analysis that assumes two-way coupling. The calculated results reveal that the gas velocity and the particle velocity decrease as the loading ratio is increased.
TMSOTf assisted synthesis of 2’-deoxy-2’-[18F]fluoro-β-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine ([18F]FAC) (2018)

[18F]FAC (2'-deoxy-2'-[18F]fluoro-β-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine, 1) is a versatile probe for imaging deoxycytidine kinase (dCK) expression levels in vivo. dCK is responsible for phosphorylation of deoxycytidine (dC, 2) and other nucleoside analogs, plays a key role in immune activation and has demonstrated to be one of the key enzymes in activating nucleoside based drugs including gemcitabine. Reported synthesis of [18F]FAC is high yielding but is quite challenging requiring bromination using HBr and careful drying of excess HBr which is critical for successful synthesis. Here in we report a simplified trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (TMSOTf) assisted synthesis of [18F]FAC eliminating the need of bromination and drying. [18F]FAC (β-anomer) was synthesized with average isolated decay corrected yield of 10.59 + 4.2% (n = 6) with radiochemical purity of >98% and total synthesis time of 158 + 19 min.
Effects of Molecular Memory and Bursting on Fluctuations in Gene Expression (2008)

Many cellular components are present in such low numbers per cell that random births and deaths of individual molecules can cause substantial "noise" in concentrations. But biochemical events do not necessarily occur in single steps of individual molecules. Some processes are greatly randomized when synthesis or degradation occurs in large bursts of many molecules during a short time interval. Conversely, each birth or death of a macromolecule could involve several small steps, creating a memory between individual events. We present a generalized theory for stochastic gene expression, formulating the variance in protein abundance in terms of the randomness of the individual gene expression events. We show that common types of molecular mechanisms can produce gestation and senescence periods that reduce noise without requiring higher abundances, shorter lifetimes, or any concentration-dependent control loops. We also show that most single-cell experimental methods cannot distinguish between qualitatively different stochastic principles, although this in turn makes such methods better suited for identifying which components introduce fluctuations. Characterizing the random events that give rise to noise in concentrations instead requires dynamic measurements with single-molecule resolution.
Safety of Hepatitis B Vaccine (1996)

The editorial by Gerald R. Fink describing the development of yeast recombinant technology at the National Science Foundation ([1 Mar., p. 1213][1]) was enlightening. However, readers may be left with the misconception that persons who receive plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccines risk “infection
Alterations in p53 expression in PMBCs of PTSD patients leads to dysregulation in miRNA biogenesis which promotes an inflammatory Th17 immune cell phenotype. (2017)

Abstract Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a neurological disorder brought on by a traumatic or life-threatening event, causing symptoms such as reoccurring memories of trauma, mental numbing, and avoidance of cues that make them recall the trauma in question. In addition to insufficient treatment options, PTSD patients often express other comorbid health issues, particularly inflammatory disorders. Our lab has previously published a report showing peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from PTSD patients exhibit an increased inflammatory CD4+ T helper (Th) cell phenotype that correlated with PTSD severity. However, key regulators that promote this CD4+ inflammatory phenotype in PTSD patients have not yet been identified. In the current study we performed microRNA (miRNA) array analysis on PMBCs collected from healthy control and PTSD patients. Profiles from miRNA indicated that PTSD patients had a widespread downregulation of miRNA when compared to controls. Further analysis revealed that many of the miRNA were associated with transcription factor p53. Our examination of PBMCs from PTSD samples showed that p53 is in fact downregulated in these patients when compared to healthy controls. Downregulated miRNA associated with p53 were shown to negatively regulate the promotion and function of Th17 T cells, particularly miRNA let-7a, which targets IL-17 and Th-17 promoting IL-6. We therefore transfected PMBCs with let-7a and were able to show that let-7a modulation alone was able to greatly influence Th17 development. Collectively, these data reveal important mechanisms that promote an inflammatory phenotype in PTSD patients and bring attention to the novel involvement of p53 dysregulation in this patient population.
Periodontal Guided Tissue Regeneration With a New Resorbable Polylactic Acid Membrane (1994)

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the use of 3 types of biodegradable, high molecular weight DL-lactic acid (PLA) membranes containing respectively 0%, 10%, and 30% low molecular weight oligomers for obtaining guided tissue regeneration following treatment of experimental buccal periodontal defects created surgically in 6 young adult beagle dogs. On the buccal aspects of test and control teeth, a mucoperiostal flap was raised and the buccal alveolar bone removed. The exposed root surfaces were scaled and a notch was prepared in the root surface at the level of the reduced crest. PLA membranes containing respectively 0%, 10% and 30% oligomers, drawn at random, were placed over the experimental defects, while no membrane was placed over the control roots. The animals were sacrificed 2, 4, and 6 months after surgery. For comparison between control sites (without membrane) and experimental sites (with 3 types of membrane), serial bucco-lingual sections were made of the experimental and control sites and studied histologically and histometrically. It appeared that a satisfactory regeneration of the periodontal tissues could be obtained with all 3 types of experimental PLA membranes and statistically significant differences could be observed for epithelial attachment, alveolar bone regrowth, connective tissue attachment, and new cementum formation in the experimental group when compared with the controls. All 3 types of membranes were well tolerated. The resorption of the membranes started in the coronal portions and extended progressively in an apical direction and the resorption time seemed to be related to the content of oligomers. PLA membranes could be used as interesting alternatives for GTR in advanced human periodontal lesions.
Binaural reproduction of dummy head and spherical microphone array data—A perceptual study on the minimum required spatial resolution (2022)

Dynamic binaural synthesis requires binaural room impulse responses (BRIRs) for each head orientation of the listener. Such BRIRs can either be measured with a dummy head or calculated from the spherical microphone array (SMA) data. Because the dense dummy head measurements require enormous effort, alternatively sparse measurements can be performed and then interpolated in the spherical harmonics domain. The real-world SMAs, on the other hand, have a limited number of microphones, resulting in spatial undersampling artifacts. For both of the methods, the spatial order N of the underlying sampling grid influences the reproduction quality. This paper presents two listening experiments to determine the minimum spatial order for the direct sound, early reflections, and reverberation of the dummy head or SMA measurements required to generate the horizontally head-tracked binaural synthesis perceptually indistinguishable from a high-resolution reference. The results indicate that for direct sound, N = 9-13 is required for the dummy head BRIRs, but significantly higher orders of N = 17-20 are required for the SMA BRIRs. Furthermore, significantly lower orders are required for the late parts with N = 4-5 for the early reflections and reverberation of the dummy head BRIRs but N = 12-13 for the early reflections and N = 6-9 for the reverberation of the SMA BRIRs.