gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Validity argument for the VELC Test® score interpretations and uses (2016)

Placement testing is a crucial issue in Japanese universities. In the majority of language programs, classes are streamed by proficiency levels based on students’ placement test score for efficient instruction because university students’ proficiency levels vary greatly even in the same program. The Visualizing English Language Competency Test® [VELC Test® (VELC Research Group, 2013)] was designed particularly for making Japanese university students’ proficiency and placement decisions. This study provides a validity argument for the VELC Test® score interpretations and uses using Kane’s (2006) argument-based validity framework when administered to 4407 Japanese university students as a placement test. Four inferences from observation to decision were adequately made due to the facts that: (a) most of the VELC Test® items were working as placement items (scoring), (b) the VELC Test® (k = 120) was reliable with the small amount of error (generalization), (c) test-takers’ VELC Test® score could show what they could do with their English (extrapolation), and (d) the VELC Test® could be used to separate test-takers’ proficiency into three levels and could be useful for test-takers’ further learning (decision). This study indicated that administrators could make valid Japanese university students' placement decisions with this test.
Uniform HighCurrent Field Emission ofElectrons fromSiandCNFFEAs Individually Controlled bySiPillar Ungated FETs (2007)

thateffectively provide highdynamic resistance withlarge saturation currents (Fig. 2B). We report thedemonstration ofthefirst dense (106 emitters / cm2), high current (10mA)array ofindividually ballasted
Highly Fluorous Complexes of Ruthenium and Osmium and Their Solubility in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (2009)

A series of ruthenium and osmium complexes containing highly fluorous diphosphine ligands (F)P(wedge)P(F) = (F(13)C(6)C(6)H(4)-p)(2)P(CH(2))(2)P(p-C(6)H(4)C(6)F(13))(2) (dfppe) and (F(13)C(6)C(6)H(4)-p)(2)P(CH(2))(3)P(p-C(6)H(4)C(6)F(13))(2) (dfppp) has been prepared. The fluorous diphosphine ligands incorporate four C(6)F(13) "fluoro-ponytails", and these have been effective in solubilizing the complexes in supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO(2)). Precise solubility measurements in scCO(2) were performed for some of the complexes. The new complexes [MX(2)((F)P(wedge)P(F))(2)] and [MX((F)P(wedge)P(F))(eta-C(5)H(5))], M = Ru, Os, X = Cl, Br, have been characterized by a number of spectroscopic techniques and their electrochemical properties measured, three of the ruthenium complexes also being characterized by single-crystal X-ray studies. The noncovalent interactions observed in the X-ray structures have been analyzed by the Hirshfeld surface approach, putting them on a more solid footing. The fluorinated complexes show significantly different solvation properties from those of the analogous unfluorinated compounds, particularly with respect to their behavior in common organic solvents and their good scCO(2) solubility.
Monitoring of Human Movements for Fall Detection and Activities Recognition in Elderly Care Using Wireless Sensor Network: a Survey (2010)

Monitoring of Human Movements for Fall Detection and Activities Recognition in Elderly Care Using Wireless Sensor Network: a Survey
Supplementary Figure 3 from Mislocalization of the Cell Polarity Protein Scribble Promotes Mammary Tumorigenesis and Is Associated with Basal Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 204K, Characterization of hSCRIBP305L tumors.&lt;/p&gt;
Intramolecular charge transfer, photoisomerisation and rotational reorientation oftrans‐4‐dimethylamino‐4′‐cyanostilbene in liquid solution (1997)

Abstract In the excited singlet state of trans ‐4‐dimethylamino‐4′‐cyanostilbene (DCS) ultrafast intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) takes place followed by trans‐cis photoisomerisation from a highly polar charge transfer (CT) state. The photoisomerisation of DCS is studied as a function of temperature in three homologous solvent classes, nalkanes, n‐alkylnitriles and n‐alcohols. The photoisomerisation activation barrier E tc increases with viscosity for DCS in n‐alkane solvents, whereas in the polar n‐alkylnitriles and n‐alcohols the separate influence of viscosity and polarity on the isomerisation reaction cannot be disentangled. The activation barrier for the trans‐cis photoisomerisation is considerably larger in acetonitrile and methanol, highly polar solvents of low viscosity, than in the nonpolar n‐heptane, due to the strongly polar character of the CT state as compared to the transition state of the isomerisation reaction. This polarity trend is reversed in solvents with the lowest polarity and the highest viscosity of the homologous series of the n‐alkylnitriles and the n‐alcohols. Simultaneous operation of polarity, viscosity and temperature as factors changing the potential energy surfaces, leads to isoviscosity plots that appear to indicate that the trans‐cis photoisomerisation of DCS does not depend on solvent viscosity. From measurements of fluorescence decay times as a function of pressure (to 4000 bar) it follows, however, that the photoisomerisation rate constant k tc decreases by a factor of 2.0 for a 3.3 fold viscosity increase, resulting in a fractional viscosity dependence, k tc = η −α with α = 0.61. When the increase of the permittivity with pressure is taken into account, α becomes 0.53. From the observation of a linear relationship between the rotational relaxation time τ rot and the viscosity, 1/τ rot =η −1.0 it is concluded that the Stokes‐Einstein‐Debye equation holds for the overall rotation of the DCS molecule, showing that viscosity is a good measure of solvent friction and that the fractional viscosity dependence with α &lt; 1 is not due to a nonlinear viscosity behaviour.
Measurement of Intrinsic Articular Joint Stability (2001)

Concavity-compression is an important mechanism for keeping a joint centered despite a large range of motion. The purpose of this study was to explain how the results of a test measuring the joint intrinsic stability can be interpreted and related to joint architecture. As an example, the method was demonstrated for the glenohumeral joint although the versatility allows any articulating joint, whether natural or prosthetic, to be analyzed. The initial slope from the central point was relatively steep, indicating a large resistance to translation. The peak translation force occurred within the first 5 mm of displacement for the glenohumeral joint, indicating a high congruence between the humerus and glenoid surfaces. Stability ratio, calculated as the maximum translation force divided by the applied joint compressive force, makes it possible to compare the stabilizing effect under different compressive loads for different anatomical directions. In hanging arm position, the joint stability ratio ranged from 30.5% to 60.1%. Finally, the effective depth of the concavity and the maximum range of joint translation can be measured by completely dislocating the joint. For the glenohumeral specimen, the smallest glenoid concavity depth, 3.8 mm, occurred in the anterior direction. The joint translation limit was smallest in the anterior-posterior direction (28.0 mm). The methodology presented in this study will allow consistent testing parameters between different trials, easily allowing parametric studies to gain a more complete understanding of articular joints.
Quantitative Detection of Tropheryma whipplei DNA by Real-Time PCR (2002)

Over the past decade, PCR-based methodologies have been introduced to complement or even replace histopathologic study of biopsy specimens for the diagnosis of Whipple's disease ([12][1]). However, positive PCR results have been reported on testing small-bowel and saliva specimens from asymptomatic
Axial Coordination Chemistry of Metalloporphyrins (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Electronic sensing of vapors with organic transistors (2001)

We show that organic thin-film transistors have suitable properties for use in gas sensors. Such sensors possess sensitivity and reproducibility in recognizing a range of gaseous analytes. A wealth of opportunities for chemical recognition arise from the variety of mechanisms associated with different semiconductor–analyte interactions, the ability to vary the chemical constitution of the semiconductor end/side groups, and also the nature of the thin-film morphology.
Square-Well Potential. I. An Yvon-Born-Green Square-Well Equation of State (1972)

The Yvon-Born-Green integral equation for the pair correlation function is solved for the square-well potential with σ2/σ1=1.85, using a θ=ε/kT expansion scheme previously devised by Kirkwood et al. The pertinent results are expressed in a power series of density by a least squares technique for the entire gas and liquid regimes. The coexistence region is determined, including the location of the critical point, and thermodynamic properties are calculated and tabulated as functions of state. The validity and utility of the results are examined in detail.
Gonadal Dysfunction in Patients Receiving Chemotherapy for Cancer (1980)

Since the introduction of antineoplastic chemotherapy, lasting clinical remissions have been obtained for many patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Hodgkin's disease, gestational trophoblastic tumors, and other malignancies. With this therapeutic success there have been concerns about persistent or delayed toxicities of cancer chemotherapy that may become clinically significant for long-term survivors. Gonadal toxicity and infertility occur in many men, women, and children treated with antineoplastic drugs. In this paper we review the clinical syndromes of chemotherapy-related gonadal toxicity and discuss how particular drug classes, doses, or combinations correlate with the degree of gonadal injury and with the potential for recovery of function. Further, we examine how drug effects on germ cell production and endocrine function vary with the age of the patient at the time of treatment. Finally, we comment on the need for long-term prospective studies of fertility, teratogenesis, and mutagenesis in patients receiving cancer chemotherapy.
t(14;22)(q32;q11) in non‐Hodgkin lymphoma and myeloid leukaemia: molecular cytogenetic investigations (2005)

Two non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL), one chronic lymphocytic leukaemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma and one diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and three cases of myeloid leukaemia, two chronic (CML) and one acute (AML), showed, by G-banding analysis, apparently identical chromosomal translocations t(14;22)(q32;q11), in three of the cases as the sole abnormality. Fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) analysis with locus-specific probes for ABL at 9q34 [bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) 835J22 and 1132H12], IGH at 14q32 [P1 artificial chromosome (PAC) 998D24] and IGL (PAC 1019H10) and BCR (BAC 74M14) at 22q11, as well as multicolour in situ hybridisation (M-FISH) analyses were performed. A three-way variant translocation of the classical t(9;22)(q34;q11), t(9;22;14)(q34;q11;q32), involving both BCR and ABL, was unravelled by the molecular cytogenetic investigations in the three myeloid leukaemia cases; a similar variant translocation has previously been reported in seven CML. The two cases of NHL (one NHL with a similar 14;22-translocation has been reported previously) had no involvement of BCR or ABL, but instead the IGH and IGL genes were shown to be juxtaposed by the t(14;22)(q32;q11). How such a rearrangement with recombination of IGH and IGL might elicit a pathogenetic effect is completely unknown.
Intravascular ultrasound imaging of human coronary arteries in vivo. Analysis of tissue characterizations with comparison to in vitro histological specimens. (1991)

Intravascular ultrasound appears to be more sensitive than angiography for demonstrating the presence and extent of atherosclerosis and arterial calcification. Intracoronary imaging after balloon angioplasty reveals that a significant amount of atheroma is still present, which may partly explain why the incidence of restenosis is high after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty.
PIC Simulations of a Dielectric Slow-Wave Structure for a W-Band TWT (2018)

We are exploring the amplification of W-band electromagnetic radiation using a dielectric-loaded Traveling Wave Tube (TWT) by employing several particle-in-cell (PIC) codes to perform these studies. We are seeking to replicate recent results obtained by the Naval Research Laboratory's (NRL 's) dielectric-loaded TWT design [1] consisting of a solid circular electron beam, 26 kV, 100-mA and 0.185 mm beam radius, surrounded with dielectric material, <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\varepsilon_{\mathrm{r}}=13.5$</tex> , and coupled to a <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\text{TM}_{01}$</tex> electromagnetic wave with input power 100 W at a frequency 94 GHz. NRL uses a new large-signal code for dielectric-loaded TWT simulations, which is a finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) formulation in a 2-D cylindrical coordinate system. In our case, we have opted for PIC simulations in a 3-D Cartesian coordinate system. Currently, PIC simulations of the dielectric-loaded TWT have been performed with and without an injected electron beam, as well as with and without an injected seed electromagnetic wave. Modeling has been completed and initial simulations of a dielectric-loaded TWT driven externally by an injected electromagnetic wave in the <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\text{TM}_{01}$</tex> mode have been performed.
Design and Synthesis of Novel Small-Molecule Inhibitors of the Hypoxia Inducible Factor Pathway (2011)

Hypoxia, a reduction in partial oxygen pressure, is a salient property of solid tumors. Hypoxia drives malignant progression and metastasis in tumors and participates in tumor resistance to radio- and chemotherapies. Hypoxia activates the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) family of transcription factors, which induce target genes that regulate adaptive biological processes such as anaerobic metabolism, cell motility, and angiogenesis. Clinical evidence has demonstrated that expression of HIF-1 is strongly associated with poor patient prognosis and activation of HIF-1 contributes to malignant behavior and therapeutic resistance. Consequently, HIF-1 has become an important therapeutic target for inhibition by small molecules. Herein, we describe the design and synthesis of small molecules that inhibit the HIF-1 signaling pathway. Many of these compounds exhibit inhibitory activity in the nanomolar range. Separate mechanistic studies indicate that these inhibitors do not alter HIF-1 levels but interfere with the ability of HIF-1α/HIF-1β to interact with cofactors p300/CBP to form an active transcriptional complex.
Inside-Outside Net: Detecting Objects in Context with Skip Pooling and Recurrent Neural Networks (2016)

It is well known that contextual and multi-scale representations are important for accurate visual recognition. In this paper we present the Inside-Outside Net (ION), an object detector that exploits information both inside and outside the region of interest. Contextual information outside the region of interest is integrated using spatial recurrent neural networks. Inside, we use skip pooling to extract information at multiple scales and levels of abstraction. Through extensive experiments we evaluate the design space and provide readers with an overview of what tricks of the trade are important. ION improves state-of-the-art on PASCAL VOC 2012 object detection from 73.9% to 77.9% mAP. On the new and more challenging MS COCO dataset, we improve state-of-the-art from 19.7% to 33.1% mAP. In the 2015 MS COCO Detection Challenge, our ION model won "Best Student Entry" and finished 3rd place overall. As intuition suggests, our detection results provide strong evidence that context and multi-scale representations improve small object detection.
Macroscopically Anisotropic Structures Produced by Light-induced Solvothermal Assembly of Porphyrin Dimers (2018)

Porphyrin-based molecules play an important role in natural biological systems such as photosynthetic antennae and haemoglobin. Recent organic chemistry provides artificial porphyrin-based molecules having unique electronic and optical properties, which leads to wide applications in material science. Here, we successfully produced many macroscopically anisotropic structures consisting of porphyrin dimers by light-induced solvothermal assembly with smooth evaporation in a confined volatile organic solvent. Light-induced fluid flow around a bubble on a gold nanofilm generated a sub-millimetre radial assembly of the tens-micrometre-sized petal-like structures. The optical properties of the petal-like structures depend on the relative angle between their growth direction and light polarisation, as confirmed by UV-visible extinction and the Raman scattering spectroscopy analyses, being dramatically different from those of structures obtained by natural drying. Thus, our findings pave the way to the production of structures and polycrystals with unique characteristics from various organic molecules.
TEST AND EVALUATION OF THE SATELLITE-AIDED MARITIME SEARCH AND RESCUE SYSTEM (SAMSARS) (1983)

The feasibility of the SAMSARS (Satellite-Aided Maritime Search And Rescue System) concept was demonstrated during the five-phase CCIR Coordinated Trials Program (CTP) which was conducted throughout 1982 and early in 1983. The general objectives of the CTP were the identification and the evaluation of the performance of those satellite EPIRB (Emergency Position-Indicating Radio Beacon) system in the group of the seven international candidates which best meet the operational requirements developed by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) for the Future Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (FGMDSS). During the CTP a number of software changes were made in the receiver which improved SAMSARS performance at each new phase. In the last sea trial phase, SAMSARS demonstrated a 100 percent error-free message reception for all conditions tested with an e.i.r.p. of less than 0.5 W. The worst conditions encountered were 2.5 m waves at 3 degree elevation angle. SAMSARS also operated in 4 m waves, but these occurred at a 9 degree elevation angle. Volume 1 describes the events leading to the SAMSARS conception, the formation of the CTP, and the SAMSARS performance during the CTP. The appendices of Volume 1 elaborate a variety of technical issues including a summary description of SAMSARS experimental EPIRB, system capacity computations, ocean wave-induced doppler effects and CTP Phase 3, 4, and 5 test results. Volume 2 of this report contains a description of SAMSARS hardware circuitry, software programs, and receiver/processor operating instructions.
Extracorporeal photopheresis for the treatment of early-stage mycosis fungoides (2017)

Extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) has been used for nearly 30 years in the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. However, current clinical practice largely reserves ECP for patients with late-stage mycosis fungoides (MF) or Sézary syndrome or for those who are refractory to other therapies. We briefly describe a 48-year-old male who experienced long-term complete remission of his patch MF disease with ECP, and we suggest a role for ECP in the treatment of early-stage MF given evidence of its efficacy, safety, and tolerability.
Capillary Electrophoresis Analysis of Orange Juice Pectinesterases (2000)

Pectinesterase (PE) was extracted from orange juice and pulp with 1 M NaCl, desalted, and separated using capillary electrophoresis (CE) gel procedures (CE-SDS-CGE) and isoelectric focusing (CE-IEF). PE resolved as a single peak using noncoated fused silica columns with CE-SDS-CGE. CE-IEF separation of PE required acryloylaminoethoxyethanol-coated columns, which had limited stability. Thermal stability of PE extracts before and after heating at 75 degrees C for 30 min and at 95 degrees C for 5 min established heat labile and heat stabile fractions with identical PE migration times by CE-SDS-CGE or CE-IEF. Peak magnitude decreased to a constant value as heating time increased at 75 degrees C. Regression analysis of CE-SDS-CGE peak migration times of molecular weight (MW) standards estimated both heat labile and heat stable PE at MW approximately 36 900. Traditional SDS-PAGE gel separation of MW standards and active PE isolated by IEF allowed estimation of MW approximately 36 000. CE-SDS-CGE allowed presumptive, but not quantitative, detection of active PE in fresh juice.
Metastasis Suppressor NM23-H1 Promotes Repair of UV-Induced DNA Damage and Suppresses UV-Induced Melanomagenesis (2011)

Reduced expression of the metastasis suppressor NM23-H1 is associated with aggressive forms of multiple cancers. Here, we establish that NM23-H1 (termed H1 isoform in human, M1 in mouse) and two of its attendant enzymatic activities, the 3'-5' exonuclease and nucleoside diphosphate kinase, are novel participants in the cellular response to UV radiation (UVR)-induced DNA damage. NM23-H1 deficiency compromised the kinetics of repair for total DNA polymerase-blocking lesions and nucleotide excision repair of (6-4) photoproducts in vitro. Kinase activity of NM23-H1 was critical for rapid repair of both polychromatic UVB/UVA-induced (290-400 nm) and UVC-induced (254 nm) DNA damage, whereas its 3'-5' exonuclease activity was dominant in the suppression of UVR-induced mutagenesis. Consistent with its role in DNA repair, NM23-H1 rapidly translocated to sites of UVR-induced (6-4) photoproduct DNA damage in the nucleus. In addition, transgenic mice hemizygous-null for nm23-m1 and nm23-m2 exhibited UVR-induced melanoma and follicular infundibular cyst formation, and tumor-associated melanocytes displayed invasion into adjacent dermis, consistent with loss of invasion-suppressing activity of NM23 in vivo. Taken together, our data show a critical role for NM23 isoforms in limiting mutagenesis and suppressing UVR-induced melanomagenesis.
La Demande de Travail au Canada (1985)

Dans Cette Etude, Nous Estimons la Fonction de Demande de Travail Pour le Canada. la Derivation de Cette Fonction Se Fait a Partir D'une Fonction de Production Ces. Par la Suite, Nous Estimons la Productivite Marginale D'equilibre et Procedons a Certaines Simulations Pour Obtenir les Effets des Changements des Salaires Reels Sur L'emploi.
Laser Doppler perfusion imaging with a complimentary metal oxide semiconductor image sensor (2002)

We utilized a complimentary metal oxide semiconductor video camera for fast flow imaging with the laser Doppler technique. A single sensor is used for both observation of the area of interest and measurements of the interference signal caused by dynamic light scattering from moving particles inside scattering objects. In particular, we demonstrate the possibility of imaging the distribution of the moving red blood cell concentration. This is a first step toward laser Doppler imaging without scanning parts, leading to a much faster imaging procedure than with existing mechanical laser Doppler perfusion imagers.
Label-free ultrasensitive detection of telomerase activity via multiple telomeric hemin/G-quadruplex triggered polyaniline deposition and a DNA tetrahedron-structure regulated signal (2015)

Label-free detection of telomerase activity was done by using telomeric hemin/G-quadruplex triggered polyaniline deposition, not only on themselves but also on the DNA tetrahedron-structure (DTS). DTS size has a great impact on telomerase accessibility, reactivity and detection sensitivity. The method has been used to evaluate bladder cancer development.