gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Diffusion-Coupled Degradation of Chlorinated Ethenes in Sandstone: An Intact Core Microcosm Study (2018)

Matrix diffusion must be considered when assessing natural attenuation and remediation of chlorinated ethenes in fractured porous bedrock aquifers. In this study, intact sandstone rock and groundwater from a trichloroethene (TCE)-contaminated site were used in microcosms (maintained for approximately 600 days) to simulate a single fracture-matrix system with a chamber at the top of the core allowing advection to represent fracture flow. Diffusion-coupled degradation with and without biostimulation were evaluated and compared to crushed-rock, batch microcosms. In the diffusion-transport microcosms, lactate stimulated reductive dechlorination of TCE to cis-1,2-dichloroethene (cDCE) and sulfate reduction. Reduction of TCE to cDCE led to a higher rate of chlorinated ethene removal from the cores, likely due to higher concentration gradients, along with lower sorption and a higher diffusion coefficient for cDCE relative to TCE. Reduction of cDCE to vinyl chloride or ethene did not occur as in crushed rock microcosms, inferring an absence of Dehalococcoides in the intact cores. Abiotic transformation was evident in the core microcosms based on the appearance of acetylene and enrichment in δ<sup>13</sup>C-TCE and δ<sup>13</sup>C-cDCE. Core microcosms permit a more realistic representation of the behavior of chlorinated ethenes in water-saturated fractured porous rock by incorporating the combined influence of fracture flow and matrix diffusion on transport and transformation.
Fig. S8 from Feed-Forward Reciprocal Activation of PAFR and STAT3 Regulates Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PAFR expression was associated with E-cadherin, N-cadherin, vimentin, snail, or Zeb-1 expression in 90 primary human NSCLC specimens.&lt;/p&gt;
Mucosal Dendritic Cells (2007)

The internal surfaces of the human body are covered by distinct types of epithelial cells and mucus-secreting cells. The mucosal surfaces serve many vital functions, such as respiration (nasal passage and lung), absorption (gastrointestinal tract), excretion (lung, urinary tract, large intestine), and reproduction (reproductive tract). In performing these functions, the host is inevitably exposed to environmental antigens, food particles, commensal flora, and pathogens. Mucosal surfaces contain specialized dendritic cells (DCs) capable of sensing these external stimuli and mounting appropriate local responses depending on the nature of the elements they encounter. In the absence of pathogens, mucosal DCs either ignore the antigen or induce regulatory responses. Upon recognition of microorganisms that invade the mucosal barrier, mucosal DCs mount robust protective immunity. This review highlights progress in our understanding of how mucosal DCs process external information and direct appropriate responses by mobilizing various cells of the innate and adaptive immune systems to achieve homeostasis and protection.
P1‐094: Metabolism and BOLD measures of the resting state network: A comparative study in normal aging and mild cognitive impairment (2009)

Resting-state fMRI is a new method that has allowed describing the brain resting-state (RS) network, supposed to reflect unconscious intrinsic brain activity. Disruption of the RSN has been reported in patients with amnestic Mild Cognitive (aMCI) and may constitute an early marker of Alzheimer's disease (AD). On the other side, Positon Emission Tomography (PET) using FluoroDeoxyGlucose (18FDG) has long term been used to measure RS brain activity and proved efficiency in early AD detection. However, whether these two methods provide complementary or similar information is still unknown as they have never been compared to date. We obtained both RS fMRI and 18FDG-PET measurements in 19 young adults and 6 healthy aged subjects. For each modality and each group, we performed statistical analyses using SPM5 to obtain a statistical map reflecting functional connectivity with the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC).The maps obtained for each modality were visually compared, and between-group statistical comparisons were also performed to assess the effect of normal aging. Finally, two patients with aMCI also performed the RS-fMRI scan and their profile was statistically compared to those of healthy aged subjects. In young adults, RS PET and fMRI networks partially overlapped in the precuneus, middle cingulate cortex and hippocampus, with fMRI results being statistically more significant. By comparison, healthy aged subjects showed a less extended pattern with significant decrease mainly involving the medial and superior parietal and temporal cortices. Conversely, increased connectivity was found in the temporal pole, the superior and orbito- frontal cortex and the PCC. Finally, a dramatically drop in PCC functional connectivity was evidenced in both MCI patients mainly involving the insula, parietal and orbito-frontal cortices, although some areas of significant increase were also found. These preliminary findings suggest that RS fMRI and FDG-PET are similar, but the former is by far more sensitive to reveal the network of PCC functional connectivity. Moreover, they evidenced significant and specific changes of this network in aging and aMCI. Further analyses conducted on a larger sample will allow to better understand these findings and more specifically the relationships between hypometabolism and changes in functional connectivity.
A New Enantioselective Synthesis of Milnacipran and an Analogue by Catalytic Asymmetric Cyclopropanation (2001)

Milnacipran and analogues are conveniently prepared by a short sequence of steps from phenylacetic acid, the key step being highly enantioselective catalytic asymmetric cyclopropanation.
Evaluation of Imazosulfuron for Broadleaf Weed Control in Drill-Seeded Rice (2012)

Field experiments were conducted in 2006, 2007, and 2008 at the Louisiana State University Agricultural Center's Northeast Research Station near St. Joseph, LA, to evaluate imazosulfuron programs involving rate, application timings, and tank mixes for PRE and POST broadleaf weed control in drill-seeded rice. Imazosulfuron showed residual activity against both Texasweed and hemp sesbania. PRE-applied imazosulfuron at 168 g ai ha −1 and higher rates provided 83 to 93% Texasweed control at 4 WAP. At 12 WAP, Texasweed control with 168 g ha −1 and higher rates was 92%. Hemp sesbania control with 168 g ha −1 and higher rates was 86 to 89% at 4 WAP and 65 to 86% at 12 WAP. Imazosulfuron at 224 g ha −1 applied EPOST provided 84 to 93% Texasweed control and 82 to 87% hemp sesbania control, and it was as effective as its tank mixture with bispyribac-sodium. When applied LPOST, four- to five-leaf Texasweed, imazosulfuron alone at 224 g ha −1 was not effective against Texasweed and hemp sesbania, but did improve weed control when mixed with bispyribac-sodium at 17.6 g ai ha −1 .
Ressonância magnética cardiovascular em veia cava inferior interrompida não prevista (2012)

Interrupted inferior vena cava (IVC) is a rare anomaly. Anomalies of IVC are clinically important for cardiologists and radiologists who plan to intervene in the right heart. We describe three cases of IVC interruption diagnosed by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging study.
Effect of Direct-Fed Microbial Supplementation on Pathogenic &lt;i&gt;Escherichia coli&lt;/i&gt; Fecal Shedding, Live Performance, and Carcass Characteristics in Feedlot Steers (2020)

Three experiments were conducted to evaluate direct-fed microbial (DFM) supplementation on live performance, carcass characteristics, and fecal shedding of E. coli in feedlot steers. In Exp. 1, 400 steers (BW = 348 kg) were assigned to treatments: CON = lactose carrier only, BOV = P. freudenreichii (NP24) + L. acidophilus (NP51), BOVD = P. freudenreichii (NP24) + L. acidophilus (NP51), and COMB = BOV fed for the first 101 d on feed, followed by BOVD for the final 28 d prior to harvest. In Exp. 2 (n = 1800; BW = 354 kg) and Exp. 3 (n = 112; BW = 397 kg), steers were utilized in a randomized complete block design and assigned to DFM treatments using low dose and high dose, respectively. Fecal samples were collected prior to harvest and analyzed for E. coli serogroups. In Exp. 1, DFM reduced (P E. coli O157. Prevalence of O157 was reduced by BOVD supplementation in Exp. 2 and 3 (P E. coli O157 in positive samples was reduced in both experiments where enumeration was performed (P ≤ 0.02). Weighted mean differences across the three experiments were equal to a 33% reduction in the prevalence of E. coli O157:H7 in BOVD treated cattle. A significant reduction in prevalence of O26, O45, O103, and O121 was observed in Exp. 2 (P ≤ 0.03). These results indicate that high levels of L. acidophilus (NP51) may represent an effective pre-harvest food safety intervention to reduce fecal shedding of several E. coli serogroups.
P19.03: The relationship between early first trimester PAPP-A and birthweight percentiles (2009)

The association between low PAPP-A at 11–14 weeks and delivery of a small for gestational age (SGA) baby is well known. We collected data from women attending for early PAPP-A (offered from 9 weeks gestation) as part of a trisomy 21 screening program. We sought to establish the association between first trimester early PAPP-A and birthweight percentile. All women attending the screening programme with September 2007–May 2008 were included in this clinical audit except where there was delayed miscarriage or major fetal ultrasound abnormality at presentation. Birthweight data were expressed as percentiles in relation to the gestational age. PAPP-A was expressed as multiple of median (MoM) for gestational age. 169 women fulfilled the inclusion criteria. There was a positive correlation between PAPP-A and birthweight percentile (Spearman correlation coefficient = 0.2755; p < 0.001; figure). We report a strong positive correlation between low early first trimester PAPP-A levels and low birthweight percentile, supporting earlier studies that indicate a relationship between low PAPP-A and SGA birth.
Carbohydrates of human immunodeficiency virus. Structures of oligosaccharides linked to the envelope glycoprotein 120. (1988)

Human T-cells (H9), persistently infected with the HTLV-III strain of human immunodeficiency virus, were metabolically labeled with D-[2-3H]mannose or D-[6-3H]glucosamine. The viral envelope glycoprotein, gp120, was isolated either from cell lysates or from cell-free culture supernatant. After proteolytic digestion, the radiolabeled oligosaccharides were sequentially liberated from glycopeptides by treatment with endo-beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase H and peptide:N-glycosidase F. Oligosaccharides released were separated from residual (glyco)peptides and fractionated according to size, charge, and fucose content. The individual oligosaccharide species obtained were characterized by digestion with exoglycosidases and by chromatographic comparison with standard oligosaccharides. Our results demonstrate that the intracellular gp120 carries predominantly oligomannosidic glycans comprising nine or eight mannose residues. The secreted glycoprotein is equally substituted by oligomannosidic species, containing seven to nine mannose residues, and by fucosylated, partially sialylated bi- and triantennary complex-type oligosaccharides.
High-Power 1.5-$\mu$ m Broad Area Laser Diodes Wavelength Stabilized by Surface Gratings (2018)

Wavelength stabilization against temperature variation of high-power broad area 1.5-μm InGaAsP/InP laser diodes is demonstrated by employing surface gratings. The development targets application in eye-safe automotive LIDAR systems, which would benefit from deploying narrowband receiver filters to block ambient solar radiation for improved signal-to-noise ratio. The surface grating is monolithically integrated on the laser chip using nanoimprint lithography. The peak power of the lasers exceeded 6 W in pulsed mode, for an FWHM spectral width of 0.3 nm and a peak wavelength drift of only 0.1 nm/°C. The wavelength shift with temperature is reduced by five times compared to broad area high-power Fabry-Perot laser diodes typically employed in LIDAR systems.
Change in nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae resulting from antibiotic therapy for acute otitis media in children (1997)

These data illustrate that antibiotic therapy did not increase the rate at which children carried penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae, but there was an increase in the rate of resistance among the children carrying pneumococci at the end of the treatment, mainly as a result of reduction of susceptible strains.
Ionic Strength and Protonic Activity of Supercooled Solutions Used in Experiments with Enzyme Systems (1973)

Abstract Aqueous-organic mixtures can be used to lower freezing points in the study of some enzymic reactions at subzero temperatures. It is necessary to work at suitable ionic strengths and protonic activities and to know how these parameters vary with temperature. This paper deals with the provision of a controlled ionic environment and indicates how to obtain a desired ionic content in order to study enzymic processes at low temperature.
Electro-optic sampling of THz transients with MV/cm amplitudes (2003)

Few-cycle electric field transients with frequencies up to 30 THz and amplitudes of more than 1 MV/cm are directly measured by electro-optic sampling using a novel electronic gating technique.
Influence of the Content and Environment of Chromium in CrSiBEA Zeolites on the Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Propane (2009)

CrxSiBEA catalysts (x = 0.2, 1.0, and 3.4 Cr wt %) are prepared by a two-step postsynthesis method. The introduction of Cr ions in the framework of dealuminated SiBEA zeolite evidenced by XRD generates Brønsted acidic sites as shown by FTIR of pyridine used as molecular probe. In CrxSiBEA as prepared, chromium is mainly present as octahedral Cr(III) and in calcined CrxSiBEA (773 K, 3 h, flowing air) as distorted tetrahedral Cr(VI), as evidenced by DR UV−vis, TPR, and XPS. Upon outgassing of calcined CrxSiBEA at 773 K for 1 h (10−3 Pa), part of Cr(VI) is reduced to distorted tetrahedral Cr(V), as shown by EPR. Isolated distorted tetrahedral Cr sites present in activated CrxSiBEA are responsible for their catalytic activity in the oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of propane, performed in the presence of air or N2O. The propane conversion increases with Cr content in the presence of air or N2O, while the selectivity toward propene depends on the reaction temperature and oxidant. In the presence of air, the selectivity toward propene is highest for 1.0 Cr wt %. The lower selectivity for the content of 3.4 Cr wt % may be the result of the presence of some amount of extra-framework octahedral Cr sites. The lower propane conversion and the higher selectivity toward propene in the presence of N2O probably depend on the oxidation state of Cr under reaction conditions and on the nature of surface oxygen. The presence of isolated tetrahedral chromium sites with oxidation state lower than (VI) on activated CrxSiBEA is essential for maintaining a high selectivity.
The relationship between early emergency team calls and serious adverse events* (2008)

Objective: To examine the relationship between early emergency team calls and the incidence of serious adverse events—cardiac arrests, deaths, and unplanned admissions to an intensive care unit—in a cluster randomized controlled trial of medical emergency team implementation (the MERIT study). Design: Post hoc analysis of data from cluster randomized controlled trial. Setting and Participants: Twenty-three public hospitals in Australia and 741,744 patients admitted during the conduct of the study. Interventions: Attendance by a rapid response system team or cardiac arrest team. Main Outcome Measures: The relationship between the proportion of rapid response system team calls that were early emergency team calls (defined as calls not associated with cardiac arrest or death) and the rate (events/1000 admissions) of the adverse events. Results: We analyzed 11,242 serious adverse events and 3700 emergency team calls. For every 10% of increase in the proportion of early emergency team calls there was a 2.0 reduction per 10,000 admissions in unexpected cardiac arrests (95% confidence interval [CI] −2.6 to −1.4), a 2.2 reduction in overall cardiac arrests (95% CI −2.9 to −1.6), and a 0.94 reduction in unexpected deaths (95% CI −1.4 to −0.5). We found no such relationship for unplanned intensive care unit admissions or for the aggregate of unexpected cardiac arrests, unplanned intensive care unit admissions, and unexpected deaths. Conclusions: As the proportion of early emergency team calls increases, the rate of cardiac arrests and unexpected deaths decreases. This inverse relationship provides support for the notion that early review of acutely ill ward patients by an emergency team is desirable.
ChemInform Abstract: ON THE ABSOLUTE STEREOCHEMISTRIES OF (‐)‐BENZOCYCLOHEPTEN‐3‐OL, (‐)‐2,3,4,5‐TETRAHYDRO‐1‐BENZOXEPIN‐5‐OL, AND (‐)‐BENZOCYCLOOCTEN‐3‐OL (1983)

Abstract Durch mikrobiologische Reduktion mitCryptococcus macerans erhält man aus den Carbonylverbindungen (I) die Alkohole (II), deren Vorliegen in der S (‐)‐Konfiguration durch Abbau zu den α‐Acetoxy‐dicarbonsäuremethylestern (IV) mit bekannter Konfiguration bestimmt wird.
Automation (2014)

Vim provides a myriad of solutions to the problem of automation. But what do we mean exactly by the phrase “automation”? Well, automation could be considered the act of preventing yourself from having to repeat any particular action.
Classical and metallocene catalytic systems: Comparison between the stereochemical mechanisms of α‐olefin polymerization (1993)

Abstract Classical Ziegler‐Natta and Kaminsky‐Ewen catalysts promoting polymerization of hydrocarbon monomers are compared considering the reactivity and the stereochemical mechanisms of polymerization. It is suggested that also the “active sites” of heterogeneous catalysts could be cationic.
Thermoelectric generating system attached to a carburizing furnace at Komatsu Ltd., Awazu Plant (2012)

At the end of October 2009, KELK Ltd. started a field test of the thermoelectric generation system at a carburizing furnace of Komatsu Ltd., Awazu Plant. Residual carburizing gas based on CO, H2 and N2 is burned resulting that 20-30 kW range of flame constantly heats up the hot side of TEG. A single unit of TEG consists of 16 of the Bi-Te thermo-modules, each of which has a size of 50 × 50 × 4.2 mm3 and can generate 24W under the circumstance of 280 °C and 30 °C of hot side and cold side temperature, respectively [1]. 16 modules are separated into 4 groups and they are connected electrically depending on design concept, namely in case of focusing on reliability, parallel connection are used and in case of on simplicity and high-voltage transmission, series connection is preferably employed. The module is being life-time tested at various conditions. For instance, 10,000 of heat cycling under the hot side temperature between 250 and 50 °C with a constant cold side temperature at 30 °C gives within a few percent degrade. Both buck-and booster-type DC/DC converters controlled by one chip computer were set up and Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) was well facilitated to search for the maximum output power depending on the hot and cold temperature. The electric output power from the 16 modules is summed up to charge 4 lead storage batteries (12V-65Ah) and then through DC/AC inverters electricity goes to LED light tubes inside the factory. 214 W can be generated and 180 W is delivered to the batteries.
An Exploratory Study of International Product Transfer and Production Ramp-Up in the Data Storage Industry (1999)

Many high-tech industries are shifting their focus from minimizing time-to-market to minimizing time-to-volume. This puts the tail end of product development, the production ramp-up, in a critical position. This paper presents a case study of product transfer and production ramp-up in the hard disk drive industry. We provide a detailed description of the ramp-up period. By documenting detailed time-series data of several operational measures, we also shed light on the various forces that allow an organization to increase its production volume. Finally, the setting of our research allows us to study product transfer from development in the US to an off-shore production facility.
A Genetic Algorithm for Multi-Period Location Problem with Modular Emergency Facilities and Backup Services (2019)

In this paper, we develop a dynamic model and a solution procedure for maximal covering location problem with backup services for locating emergency facilities like fire stations. In this study, two main concepts are used to model a real life condition to improve the service level for demand nodes. These concepts are modular arrangement of different fire trucks and ambulances, as an example for modules, and backup services for demand nodes. The mathematical model is a pure 0-1 integer programming problem. To solve the problem, an efficient genetic algorithm is used because the algorithm has appeared as a strong method to solve integer programning problems. Some test problems are generated and solved by CPLEX, GA and a developed heuristic to be able to compare the results with managerial insights.
Report on TBAS 2012: Workshop on Task-Based and Aggregated Search (2017)

The ECIR half-day workshop on Task-Based and Aggregated Search (TBAS) was held in Barcelona, Spain on 1 April 2012. The program included a keynote talk by Professor Jarvelin, six full paper presentations, two poster presentations, and an interactive discussion among the approximately 25 participants. This report overviews the aims and contents of the workshop and outlines the major outcomes.
Synthesis of a Potent Rhodomycin, Oxaunomycin, and Its Analogs. (1992)

Oxaunomycin (3) and its regioisomer (6) were synthesized by employing regioselective glycosidations of the C-7 hydroxyl group of 10-O-acetyl-beta-rhodomycinone (16) and the C-10 hydroxyl group of the C-7,9-O-phenylboronate (14), respectively, in the presence of trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate. Under the Königs-Knorr conditions, 16 was also glycosidated to provide a fluoro sugar analog (7).
Hetacillin: A Chemical and Biological Comparison with Ampicillin (1970)

Hetacillin breaks down in aqueous solution to give ampicillin and acetone, both of which products have been identified chemically. The rate of breakdown is maximal between pH values 5 and 8, and is considerably slower under more acid conditions. The finding that hetacillin does not react with hydroxylamine at pH 7, taken in conjunction with other data presented, suggests that the antimicrobial activity of hetacillin may be low or even neglibible, and that it must be converted to ampicillin to show significant biological activity. In a small double cross-over trial, using 250 mg of hetacillin and ampicillin, no significant differences were observed either in peak blood levels or in the time for which useful levels were maintained. It is concluded that, while hetacillin is likely to be as effective an antibiotic as ampicillin, it is unlikely to be more effective, and thus that it does not represent a significant therapeutic advance.
Organ-directed toxicology of antitumor agents. Symposium summary. (1985)

A number of antitumor agents cause toxicity to specific organs. The importance of these toxicities, the cellular and biochemical mechanisms responsible for the organ specificity, and methods to circumvent these toxicities are discussed.
Safety Profile of Pertuzumab With Trastuzumab and Docetaxel in Patients From Asia With Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer: Results From the Phase III Trial CLEOPATRA (2014)

Despite a higher proportion of docetaxel dose reductions in patients from Asia, survival benefits were comparable between regions. The benefit-risk profile of pertuzumab, trastuzumab, and docetaxel supports this regimen as the first-line therapy for patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer from all geographic regions.