gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Drug Annotations for a New Decade (2020)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEEditorialNEXTDrug Annotations for a New DecadeWendy B. YoungWendy B. YoungMore by Wendy B. Younghttp://orcid.org/0000-0001-9584-6233, Gunda I. GeorgGunda I. GeorgMore by Gunda I. Georg, and Shaomeng WangShaomeng WangMore by Shaomeng Wanghttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-8782-6950Cite this: J. Med. Chem. 2020, 63, 3, 883Publication Date (Web):January 22, 2020Publication History Published online22 January 2020Published inissue 13 February 2020https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00036https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00036editorialACS PublicationsCopyright © 2020 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views4428Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (328 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Drug discovery,Immunology,Metabolism,Pharmaceuticals,Pharmacokinetics Get e-Alerts
Water Vapor Absorption Coefficients at HF Laser Wavelengths. Part I. Atmospheric Conditions Corresponding to Altitudes up to 7 km. (1978)

Water vapor absorption measurements are reported at nine HF laser wavelengths ranging from P sub 3-2 (5) at 3418.1600/cm to P sub 1-0 (4) at 3788.2253/cm. The results were obtained with a temperature controlled longpath absorption cell and a path differencing technique with path differences ranging from 8 to 152 m. Cell temperatures ranging from -18 to 25 C were used. Pure water vapor as well as air (N2/O2) broadened water vapor absorptions were measured for pressures ranging from less than 1 torr to 764 torr. Limited data on O2 broadened water vapor absorption as well as pure and air broadened CO2 absorption are presented. In general the air broadened water vapor results show more absorption than predicted and imply a 'super' Lorentz or Voigt line shape. The pure O2 broadened water vapor absorption is less than the air broadened absorption. New self- and foreign-broadening coefficients are obtained. Finally, the limited CO2 absorption observed shows good agreement with theoretical predictions. These results will allow more accurate modelling of atmospheric transmission for EO and HEL applications. (Author)
Nonlinear prediction on squid axon response (2002)

Membrane response of squid giant axon stimulated by sinusoidal force is analyzed by deterministic nonlinear prediction in order to evaluate short-term predictability and long-term unpredictability, which are important properties peculiar to deterministic chaos. As a result, it is shown that correlation coefficients decrease with increase of prediction steps, which is due to sensitive dependence on initial conditions. In order to obtain more reliable results, the method of surrogate data is also applied to the time series data of squid axon response and statistical significances are calculated. The result shows a strong evidence that the squid giant axon response cannot be explained without nonlinear dynamics and implies that the approach with deterministic nonlinear prediction has potential ability for identification of deterministic chaos in a real world data, even though it is almost impossible to obtain information on deterministic models explicitly.
Investigation of Retention Knob Geometry on Machining Dynamics (2015)

In this study, impact testing is used to determine the potential effects of retention knob design on tool-holder-spindle-machine assembly dynamics. Three different knob designs are selected and used to clamp a simple geometry artifact in a CAT-40 interface spindle. The mean and standard deviation repeatability limits are compared for frequency response functions measured using the three designs. It is shown that the knob geometry does not exhibit a significant influence on the assembly dynamics.
Atomic Layer Etching: An Industry Perspective (2015)

This paper provides an industry perspective on atomic layer etching (ALEt) process. Two process sequences representing two different methods of ALEt are described, followed by several examples where ALEt can be an enabling process technology in the semiconductor industry. The authors believe that there needs to be an increased understanding of surface functionalization, modification and chemistry-based material removal. We are confident that this review article will allow for increased scientific and technological solutions for enabling ALEt.
Effects of S6-Strain Mycoplasma gallisepticum Inoculation at Ten, Twenty-Two, or Forty-Five Weeks of Age on the Egg Yolk Composition of Commercial Egg-Laying Hens (2006)

Commercial laying hens maintained under controlled conditions were experimentally inoculated with the S6 strain of Mycoplasma gallisepticum (S6MG) at 45 wk of age. This resulted in depressed liver lipid concentration, and inoculations at 20 and 45 wk affected the size of various portions of the reproductive tract. In 2 consecutive trials of the current study, the effect of age of application of S6MG inoculation on the egg yolk characteristics of commercial layers similarly housed and maintained under controlled conditions was determined. The ages of inoculation compared were prior to lay at 10 wk of age, during onset of lay at 22 wk of age, and during postpeak lay at 45 wk of age. In each trial, yolk moisture and total lipid content were determined at 24, 32, 43, 47, and 58 wk of age. Yolk cholesterol concentration and yolk fatty acid profiles at wk 47 and 58 were also examined. Data from wk 24, 32, and 43 (effects of S6MG inoculations at 10 and 22 wk) and data from wk 47 and 58 (effects of S6MG inoculations at 10, 22, and 45 wk) were analyzed separately. The data of both trials were pooled then analyzed together. Across wk 47 and 58, percentage yolk lipid was significantly lower in eggs laid by birds inoculated at 10 wk compared with those inoculated at 45 wk. Sham-inoculated control and 22-wk inoculated groups had intermediate percentage yolk lipids. Compared with sham-control and 10-wk S6MG inoculation groups across wk 47 and 58, yolk myristic, oleic, and linolenic acid concentrations were reduced, whereas yolk stearic and arachidonic acid levels were increased by either 22- or 45-wk S6MG inoculations. In comparison with all other treatment groups at wk 47, yolk linoleic acid concentration was reduced by S6MG inoculation at 45 wk. Variable postpeak alterations in yolk total lipid and fatty acid content occur in response to the timing of S6MG inoculation in layers housed under controlled conditions.
Surfing the net for software engineering notes (2001)

article Surfing the net for software engineering notes Share on Author: Mark Doernhoefer Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC), Arlington, VA Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC), Arlington, VAView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering NotesVolume 26Issue 2March 2001 pp 14–23https://doi.org/10.1145/505776.505780Online:01 March 2001Publication History 0citation207DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations0Total Downloads207Last 12 Months2Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
The Path Towards Smarter Circuit Breakers (2018)

The digitalization of the electric grid means that more and more components of the electric system are becoming smart, i.e., able to process and communicate data. Circuit breakers have not been left apart from this great transformation. Indeed, they are no more dedicated only to system protection but also to monitoring through added measurement capabilities. Circuit breakers are, up to now, the easiest solution for both low-power and low-cost wide area monitoring systems, with limited-to-no disruption for existing systems. This work describes the first steps done in this process of obtaining smart, low-voltage circuit breakers, thus, without hardware or processing unit modification. The aim is to show how a different exploitation of the limited available processing power is opening the way to new possibilities and opportunities.
Integration of Mobile Devices into Popular Peer-to-Peer Networks (2009)

Peer-to-peer content-distribution networks are nowadays highly popular among users that have stationary computers with high-bandwidth Internet connections. Mobile devices (e.g. cell phones) that are connected to the Internet via cellular-radio networks, however, could not yet be launched into this field to a satisfactory extent. Although most mobile devices have the necessary hardware resources for joining peer- to-peer content-distribution networks, they are often not able to benefit from participation, due to limitations caused by mobility. In this work, mobile devices are identified as providers of advanced mobile features and services that are usually not available to computers in stationary networks. These mobile features and services can be exchanged for services in peer-to-peer networks, turning mobile devices into valuable trading partners. Partnership schemes are set up to define the way of a fair cooperation between mobile devices and other peers. A novel peer-to-peer architecture is suggested that applies partnership schemes to a well-established peer-to-peer content-distribution network and facilitates the integration of mobile devices.
In Vitro/Ex Vivo Models for the Study of Ischemia Reperfusion Injury during Kidney Perfusion (2020)

Oxidative stress is a key element of ischemia-reperfusion injury, occurring during kidney preservation and transplantation. Current options for kidney graft preservation prior to transplantation are static cold storage (CS) and hypothermic machine perfusion (HMP), the latter demonstrating clear improvement of preservation quality, particularly for marginal donors, such as extended criteria donors (ECDs) and donation after circulatory death (DCDs). Nevertheless, complications still exist, fostering the need to improve kidney preservation. This review highlights the most promising avenues of in kidney perfusion improvement on two critical aspects: ex vivo and in vitro evaluation.
[Radiologic diagnosis and therapy of pleural mesothelioma]. (1989)

In Germany pleural mesothelioma occurs annually in 100-200 patients who had usually been working in the asbestos industry. In 100 mesotheliomas, evaluated radiologically, 61 presented pleural effusions and 82 a pleural tumour. This may result in retracting the hemithorax. Radiotherapy has a palliative goal. Applying 40 Gy may reduce pain and may inhibit fluid production. The irradiated volume should, if possible, spare lung tissue, which necessitates careful treatment planning.
Aphthovirus evolution (1995)

The Aphthovirus genus, family Picornaviridae, is composed of seven distinct serotypes which cause foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), a severe disease of cloven-hoofed animals. FMD has serious economic consequences (Pereira, 1981) and is enzootic in most South American and African countries, as well as in regions of Asia and the Middle East. Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) usually causes a systemic acute infection with high morbidity and low mortality (Shanan, 1962). In ruminants, the virus may also produce an asymptomatic, persistent infection that involves limited viral amplification (Van Bekkum et al., 1959). This type of infection has been proposed as an epidemiologically important reservoir of FMDV (Hedger & Condy, 1985).
Government by the market?: the politics of public choice (1994)

Recent decades have seen the study of politics invaded by economic theories, methods and techniques. This book gives a concise, non- technical account of these 'public choice' theories and examines their influence upon government policies in English-speaking countries. Issues covered include slimming the state, privatising welfare and re- structuring government. Final chapters offer an alternative view of the basis of good government. This book offers a unique survey and critique of the ideas and influence of an important branch of political thought and it links with market theories. It is vital reading for students of both politics and economics.
Cytochrome c-mediated Apoptosis in Cells Lacking Mitochondrial DNA (1999)

Mitochondria serve as a pivotal component of the apoptotic cell death machinery. However, cells that lack mitochondrial DNA (rho(0) cells) retain apparently normal apoptotic signaling. In the present study, we examined mitochondrial mechanisms of apoptosis in rho(0) osteosarcoma cells treated with staurosporine. Immunohistochemistry revealed that rho(0) cells maintained a normal cytochrome c distribution in mitochondria even though these cells were deficient in respiration. Upon staurosporine treatment, cytochrome c was released concomitantly with activation of caspase 3 and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (Deltapsi(m)). After mitochondrial loss of cytochrome c, rho(0) cells underwent little change in glutathione (GSH) redox potential whereas a dramatic oxidation in GSH/glutathione disulfide (GSSG) pool occurred in parental rho(+) cells. These results show that mitochondrial signaling of apoptosis via cytochrome c release was preserved in cells lacking mtDNA. However, intracellular oxidation that normally accompanies apoptosis was lost, indicating that the mitochondrial respiratory chain provides the major source of redox signaling in apoptosis.
A 30 MeV H/sup -/ cyclotron for isotope production (2003)

A high-current H/sup -/ cyclotron being built for commercial production of radioisotopes is described. It is a 30-MeV H/sup -/ design that uses a newly developed high-brightness multicusp ion source capable of currents of up to 5 mA. This, together with careful beam matching, allows accelerated H/sup -/ beam intensities of 500 mu A. The cyclotron is a four-sector radial ridge design with two 45 degrees dees in opposite valleys. The beam is extracted by stripping to H/sup +/ in a thin graphic foil. Two extraction probes will allow simultaneous extraction of two beams, each with an intensity of up to 200 mu A. Energy variation from 15 MeV to 30 MeV is achieved by varying the radial position of the extraction foil.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Supplementary Figure 1 from Cell Lineage Tracing Reveals a Biliary Origin of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 222K, Supplementary Figure 1. ICC can arise from mature biliary epithelia.&lt;/p&gt;
Revision of the Li–Si Phase Diagram: Discovery and Single-Crystal X-ray Structure Determination of the High-Temperature Phase Li4.11Si (2013)

Silicon has been regarded as a promising anode material for future lithium-ion batteries, and Li–Si phases play an important role. A detailed reinvestigation of the Li-rich part of the binary Li–Si phase diagram revealed the existence of a new phase, Li4.106(2)Si (Li16.42Si4). Li16.42Si4 forms through the peritectic decomposition of the Li-richest phase Li17Si4 at 481–486 °C and was characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (a = 4.5246(2) Å, b = 21.944(1) Å, c = 13.2001(6) Å, space group Cmcm, Z = 16), differential scanning calorimetry, and theoretical calculations. Li16.42Si4 represents a high-temperature phase that is thermodynamically stable above ∼480 °C and decomposes peritectically at 618 ± 2 °C to Li13Si4 and a melt. Li16.42Si4 can be retained at room temperature. The structure consists of 3 and 10 different kinds of Si and Li atoms, respectively. Two Li positions show occupational disorder. Si atoms are well-separated from each other and have only Li atoms as nearest neighbors. This is similar to Li17Si4 and Li15Si4 compositionally embracing Li16.42Si4. The SiLin coordination polyhedra in the series Li15Si4, Li16.42Si4, and Li17Si4 are compared. Li15Si4 exclusively features coordination numbers of 12, Li16.42Si4 of 12 and 13, and Li17Si4 reveals 13- and 14-coordinated Si atoms. The band structure and density of states of Li16.42Si4 were calculated on the basis of two ordered model structures with nominal compositions Li16Si4 (a hypothetical Zintl phase) and Li16.5Si4. Both reveal a metallic character that is analogous to Li17Si4. In contrast, the electronic structure of Li15Si4 is characteristic of a p-doped semiconductor.
Chronic Exposure toHelicobacter pyloriImpairs Dendritic Cell Function and Inhibits Th1 Development (2006)

Helicobacter pylori causes chronic gastric infection that affects the majority of the world's population. Despite generating an inflammatory response, the immune system usually fails to clear the infection. Since dendritic cells (DCs) play a pivotal role in shaping the immune response, we investigated the effects of H. pylori on DC function. We have demonstrated that H. pylori increased the expression of activation markers on DCs while upregulating the inhibitory B7 family molecule, PD-L1. Functionally, H. pylori-treated DCs resulted in the production of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and IL-23 but not of alpha interferon (IFN-alpha). While very little or no IL-12 was produced to H. pylori alone, simultaneous ligation of CD40 on DCs induced IL-12 release. We also demonstrated that DCs treated with H. pylori-induced IFN-gamma production by allogeneic naive T cells. However, stimulation of DCs with H. pylori for an extended period of time impaired their ability to produce cytokines after CD40 ligation and limited their ability to promote IFN-gamma release, suggesting that the DCs had become exhausted by the prolonged stimulation. The effect of chronic infection with H. pylori on DC function was further investigated by focusing on DC development. Demonstrating that monocytes differentiated into DCs in the presence of H. pylori exhibited an exhausted phenotype with an impaired ability to produce IL-12 and a downregulation of CD1a. Our results raise the possibility that in chronic H. pylori infection DCs become exhausted after prolonged antigen exposure leading to suboptimal Th1 development. This effect may contribute to persistence of H. pylori infection.
ChemInform Abstract: EVIDENCE FOR SILICON‐CARBON AND SILICON‐NITROGEN MULTIPLE‐BONDED (PΠ‐PΠ) INTERMEDIATES FROM PHOTOLYSIS. DIPOLAR CHARACTER OF THE UNSATURATED LINKAGES (1979)

Abstract Die Verfasser identifizieren die bei der Photolyse der Silacyclobutan‐Verbindungen (I) und des Silylazids (V) gebildeten Intermediärprodukte anhand der mit den Trialkoxy‐Si‐Verbindungen (III) entstehenden Einfangprodukte (IV) bzw. (VII) als Verbindungen (II) bzw. (VI) mit hochpolarisierten Doppelbindungen.
Identification, characterization and application of novel (R)-selective amine transaminases (2011)

In this thesis, two novel assay systems had been developed, which allow a fast and easy screening for amine transaminase activity as well as the characterization of the amino donor and acceptor specificity of a given amine transaminase. The assays overcome some limitations of previously described assays but of course have some limitations themselves. The relatively low wavelength of 245 nm, at which the production of acetophenone is detected with the spectrophotometric assay, limits the amount of protein/crude extract that can be applied, which eventually results in a decreased sensitivity at higher enzyme loads due to an increased initial absorbance. Otherwise, this assay can be used very easily for the investigation of the amino acceptor specificity and both pH and temperature dependencies of amine transaminases. The conductometric assay is – by its very nature – limited to low-conducting buffers, a neutral pH and constant temperatures. In summary, the assays complement one another very well and the complete characterization of the most important enzyme properties can be accomplished quickly. Furthermore, we developed and applied a novel in silico search strategy for the identification of (R)-selective amine transaminases in sequence databases. Structural information of probably related proteins was used for rational protein design to predict key amino acid substitutions that indicate the desired activity. We subsequently searched protein databases for proteins already carrying these mutations instead of constructing the corresponding mutants in the laboratory. This methodology exploits the fact that naturally evolved proteins have undergone selection over millions of years, which has resulted in highly optimized catalysts. Using this in silico approach, we have discovered 17 (R)-selective amine transaminases. In theory, this strategy can be applied to other enzyme classes and fold types as well and for this reason constitutes a new concept for the identification of desired enzymes. Finally, we applied the seven most promising candidates of the identified proteins to asymmetric synthesis of various optical pure amines with (R)-configuration starting from the corresponding ketones. We used a lactate dehydrogenase/glucose dehydrogenase system for the necessary shift of the thermodynamic equilibrium. For all ketones at least one enzyme was found that allowed complete conversion to the corresponding chiral amine with excellent optical purities >99% ee. Bearing in mind that until last year there was only one (R)-selective amine transaminase commercially available and two microorganisms with the corresponding activity described, the identification of numerous enzymes is a breakthrough in asymmetric synthesis of chiral amines.
Effects of cacheing on multitasking efficiency and programming strategy on an ELXSI 6400 (1985)

Alkaline phosphatase activity was recorded in forty ejaculates of the sperm rich fraction of boar semen as 9,790 +/- 5,250 Klein-Babson-Read units per 100 ml. of seminal plasma. Acid phosphatase activity in the same ejaculates was 681 +/- 304 Babson-Read units per 100 ml. of seminal plasma. No alkaline phosphatase activity was detected in the seminal plasma of vasectomized boars. The pH of the sperm rich fractions was 7.69 +/- 0.33 and the osmotic pressure was 313.56 +/- 7.98 milliosmols.