gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identifying and tracking entity mentions in a maximum entropy framework (2003)

We present a system for identifying and tracking named, nominal, and pronominal mentions of entities within a text document. Our maximum entropy model for mention detection combines two pre-existing named entity taggers (built to extract different entity categories) and other syntactic and morphological feature streams to achieve competitive performance. We developed a novel maximum entropy model for tracking all mentions of an entity within a document. We participated in the Automatic Content Extraction (ACE) evaluation and performed well. We describe our system and present results of the ACE evaluation.
Multiple intruder tracking using a laser enhanced EO/IR Sense and Avoid system (2011)

Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA), otherwise known as Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS), need access to the National Airspace (NAS). For this to happen, a robust and reliable Sense and Avoid (SAA) technology that can simultaneously detect and track cooperative as well as non-cooperative intruders encountered in the NAS is required. To detect non-cooperative intruders, passive electro-optical (EO) and infra-red (IR) sensors are attractive from the size, weight and power (SWAP) considerations. As such they can be used even on small UAS. However, EO/IR sensors do not provide reliable range measurements. Another drawback of current EO/IR technology for detection of other air traffic is the unacceptable rate of false alarms generated due to clutter in images and small specks of clouds. The performance of the EO/IR sensors can be enhanced through the addition of laser ranging technology. A laser system can be cued by the EO/IR sensors to point towards the bearing of a suspected intruder. The laser returns can then be used to confirm the presence of the intruder and provide range information as well. In scenarios involving multiple intruders, gimbals/scanners may be employed to slew the laser from one intruder to another. This can take time and potentially limit the number of intruders that can be tracked. Intelligent sensor management and tracking algorithms can alleviate these problems to a good degree. In this paper, we address the problem of multiple-intruder tracking using a gimbaled laser system in conjunction with a passive EO/IR system. The main focus of the paper is on designing intelligent, effective and computationally efficient gimbal tasking algorithms. For realistic evaluation of system performance, we design and develop a software model of a generic EO-plus-laser system. We evaluate the performance of the system using Monte Carlo simulations based on encounters generated using the MIT Lincoln Laboratory encounter model of the National Airspace.
Design of A Hyperlink-based Software Architecture for Smart Devices (2006)

A new customizable interface for smart devices based on hyperlink associability is presented. Although mobile devices should be easy to use, many current devices have complex and widely varying interfaces for users. The proposed architecture, Hyrax, attempts to improve the menu structure and accessibility of functions with consideration of user preferences. In Hyrax, the user interface is constructed and customized using hyperlinks for access to application functions. We focus on the user interface of a phone and present the customizable menu structure of the phone using XLink defined in W3C and external function interface (EFI) defined in the WAP Forum specifications.
Beurteilung der Rechtsherzbelastung in der Spiral-CT bei Patienten mit akuter Lungenembolie (1999)

Purpose of this study was to evaluate whether spiral-CT allows judgment of right ventricular failure in patients with acute pulmonary embolism.61 patients underwent spiral-CT due to suspicion of acute pulmonary embolism. Patients with pulmonary embolism were divided into subpopulations according to the severity of pulmonary embolism in the CT scan. Cardiac measurements were performed on axial spiral-CT images and compared to those of patients without suspicion of pulmonary embolism or cardiac diseases.In 30 patients spiral-CT revealed acute pulmonary embolism. Significant differences in cardiac measurements in patients with severe and less severe pulmonary embolism were found on comparing the following dimensions: left ventricular width (p = 0.0003), left (p = 0.008) and right (p = 0.009) ventricular cross-sectional area, proportion of right to left ventricular width (p = 0.0003) and proportion of right to left ventricular cross-sectional area (p = 0.0001). The proportion of the cross-sectional areas (r = 0.65) and the proportion of the width (r = 0.60) of both ventricles correlated well with the severity of central pulmonary embolism.Besides reliable assessment of pulmonary embolism spiral-CT allows the evaluation of cardiac dimensions for judgment of right ventricular failure.
DNA Polymerase λ from Calf Thymus Preferentially Replicates Damaged DNA (2002)

A new gene (<i>POLL</i>), has been identified encoding the novel DNA polymerase λ and mapped to mouse chromosome 19 and at human chromosome 10. DNA polymerase λ contains all the critical residues involved in DNA binding, nucleotide binding, nucleotide selection, and catalysis of DNA polymerization and has been assigned to family X based on sequence homology with polymerase β, λ, μ, and terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase. Here we describe a purification of DNA polymerase λ from calf thymus that preferentially can replicate damaged DNA. By testing polymerase activity on non-damaged and damaged DNA, DNA polymerase λ was purified trough five chromatographic steps to near homogeneity and identified as a 67-kDa polypeptide that cross-reacted with monoclonal antibodies against DNA polymerase β and polyclonal antibodies against DNA polymerase λ. DNA polymerase λ had no detectable nuclease activities and, in contrast to DNA polymerase β, was aphidicolin-sensitive. DNA polymerase λ was a 6-fold more accurate enzyme in an M13mp2 forward mutation assay and 5-fold more accurate in an M13mp2T90 reversion system than human recombinant DNA polymerase β. The biochemical properties of the calf thymus DNA polymerase λ, described here for the first time, are discussed in relationship to the proposed role for this DNA polymerase <i>in vivo</i>.
Cytotoxicity of calcium enriched mixture cement compared with mineral trioxide aggregate and intermediate restorative material (2010)

Calcium enriched mixture (CEM) cement has been recently invented by the last author. It is composed of calcium oxide, calcium phosphate, calcium silicate and calcium sulphate; however, it has a different chemical composition to mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). The purpose of this ex vivo study was to investigate the cytotoxicity of CEM cement, and compare it with intermediate restorative material (IRM) and MTA. The materials were tested in fresh and set states on L929 fibroblasts to assess their cytotoxicity. The cell viability responses were evaluated with methyl-tetrazolium bromide assay and Elisa reader at 1, 24 and 168 h (7 days). The tested materials were eluted with L929 culture medium according to international standard organisation 109935 standard. Distilled water and culture medium served as positive and negative controls, respectively. Differences in cytotoxicity were evaluated by one-way anova and t-tests. The cytotoxicity of the materials was statistically different at the three time intervals (P < 0.01). The lowest cytotoxic values recorded were expressed by MTA subgroups followed by CEM cement; IRM subgroups were the most cytotoxic root-end/dental material (P < 0.001). CEM cement and MTA are reasonable alternatives to IRM because of lower cytotoxicity. CEM cement also has good biocompatibility as well as lower estimated cost to MTA and seems to be a promising dental material.
[Epidemiological studies of blood levels of cholesterol and triglycerides in a school-age population of Veneto]. (1977)

During the school year 1974-75 serum cholesterol has been evaluated in the whole school population (520 subjects, 268 males and 252 females, age ranging from 6 to 14 years) of Saccolongo, a village which is about 20 kilometers from Padova (Italy) and serum triglycerides have been further evaluated in a random population of 161 subjects (90 males and 71 females, age ranging from 6 to 11 years). Serum cholesterol values did not show any significant difference between males and females. Analysis of serum cholesterol in the various age groups revealed that it was significantly higher in females at age 6 (t = 2.2296; p less than 0.05). A significant reduction in serum cholesterol values has been found at age 11 both in males (t = 4.7810; p less than 0.001) and in females (t = 5.6134; p less than 0.001). Serum cholesterol and triglycerides values did not correlate (r = 0.404). Serum triglycerides were higher in girls than in boys (t = 2.1360; p less than 0.05). Analysis of the serum triglycerides values in the various age groups were constant in males (F = 0.4161) and inconstant in females (F = 3.8844; p less than 0.01) where age groups 8 (t = 3.5127; p less than 0.005) and 11 (t = 3.5238; p less than 0.005) showed higher than normal values.
Staff perceptions of staff-family interactions in nursing homes (2021)

Each year thousands of older adults are admitted to nursing homes. Following admission, nursing home staff and family members must interact and communicate with each other. This study examined relationship and communication patterns between nursing home staff members and family members of nursing home residents, as part of a larger multi-method comparative case study. Here, we report on 6- month case studies of two nursing homes where in-depth interviews, shadowing experiences, and direct observations were completed. Staff members from both nursing homes described staff-family interactions as difficult, problematic and time consuming, yet identified strategies that when implemented consistently, influenced the staff-family interaction positively. Findings suggest explanatory processes in staff-family interactions, while pointing toward promising interventions.
Parallel implementation of the DGF-FDTD method on GPU Using the CUDA technology (2016)

The discrete Green's function (DGF) formulation of the finite-difference time-domain method (FDTD) is accelerated on a graphics processing unit (GPU) by means of the Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) technology. In the developed implementation of the DGF-FDTD method, a new analytic expression for dyadic DGF derived based on scalar DGF is employed in computations. The DGF-FDTD method on GPU returns solutions that are compatible with the FDTD grid enabling the perfect hybridization of FDTD with the use of time-domain integral equation methods. The correctness of the results of the DGF-FDTD simulations on GPU is verified with the use of the FDTD method executed on a multicore central processing unit (CPU). The developed implementation provides maximally a six-fold speedup relative to the code executed on multicore CPU.
Data from SF3B2-Mediated RNA Splicing Drives Human Prostate Cancer Progression (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Androgen receptor splice variant-7 (AR-V7) is a constitutively active AR variant implicated in castration-resistant prostate cancers. Here, we show that the RNA splicing factor SF3B2, identified by &lt;i&gt;in silico&lt;/i&gt; and CRISPR/Cas9 analyses, is a critical determinant of &lt;i&gt;AR-V7&lt;/i&gt; expression and is correlated with aggressive cancer phenotypes. Transcriptome and PAR-CLIP analyses revealed that SF3B2 controls the splicing of target genes, including AR, to drive aggressive phenotypes. SF3B2-mediated aggressive phenotypes &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; were reversed by AR-V7 knockout. Pladienolide B, an inhibitor of a splicing modulator of the SF3b complex, suppressed the growth of tumors addicted to high SF3B2 expression. These findings support the idea that alteration of the splicing pattern by high SF3B2 expression is one mechanism underlying prostate cancer progression and therapeutic resistance. This study also provides evidence supporting SF3B2 as a candidate therapeutic target for treating patients with cancer.&lt;/p&gt;Significance:&lt;p&gt;RNA splicing factor SF3B2 is essential for the generation of an androgen receptor (AR) variant that renders prostate cancer cells resistant to AR-targeting therapy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Synthetic Models for Heme—Copper Oxidases (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
High-data-rate underwater laser communications (1990)

The high frequency of optical radiation permits high data rate communications in the megahertz (MHz) regime. To the best of our knowledge, no unguided, underwater high data rate communications system has been reported. In this research, we investigate the feasibility of a short range, high data rate underwater laser communications system. The present study considers two independent systems that are separated by several attenuation lengths with regard to signal acquisition, communications channel lock, and information transfer. System self-alignment of the transmitter onto the receiver is demonstrated in a small laboratory water tank. Successful transmission of light modulated at MHz rates is demonstrated in a pool over an extended water path.
Genetic and epigenetic consequences of recent hybridization and polyploidy in Spartina (Poaceae) (2005)

To study the consequences of hybridization and genome duplication on polyploid genome evolution and adaptation, we used independently formed hybrids (Spartina x townsendii and Spartina x neyrautii) that originated from natural crosses between Spartina alterniflora, an American introduced species, and the European native Spartina maritima. The hybrid from England, S. x townsendii, gave rise to the invasive allopolyploid, salt-marsh species, Spartina anglica. Recent studies indicated that allopolyploid speciation may be associated with rapid genetic and epigenetic changes. To assess this in Spartina, we performed AFLP (amplified fragment length polymorphism) and MSAP (methylation sensitive amplification polymorphism) on young hybrids and the allopolyploid. By comparing the subgenomes in the hybrids and the allopolyploid to the parental species, we inferred structural changes that arose repeatedly in the two independently formed hybrids. Surprisingly, 30% of the parental methylation patterns are altered in the hybrids and the allopolyploid. This high level of epigenetic regulation might explain the morphological plasticity of Spartina anglica and its larger ecological amplitude. Hybridization rather than genome doubling seems to have triggered most of the methylation changes observed in Spartina anglica.
Prelithiated Graphite Anode SEI Formation by Stabilized Lithium Metal Powder in Li-Ion Batteries (2012)

Abstract not Available.
Homogeneous Catalytic Epoxidation of Organic Substrates in CO2-Expanded Solvents in the Presence of Water-Soluble Oxidants and Catalysts (2003)

Typically, the oxidation of organic substrates with H2O2 and water-soluble catalysts involves biphasic systems in which the substrate resides in an organic phase and the reaction occurs in the aqueous phase. We demonstrate how the miscible region (in P−T−x space) for water/solvent/CO2 ternary systems can be exploited to overcome interphase mass-transfer limitations of such biphasic systems and perform homogeneous oxidations of organic substrates using water-soluble catalysts and oxidants. By employing CO2-expanded CH3CN/H2O2/H2O mixtures, a variety of olefins (cyclohexene, styrene, 1-methylcyclohexene, 4-methylcyclohexene) were oxidized homogeneously with high (>85%) epoxidation selectivities. An order-of-magnitude enhancement in epoxidation rates was achieved with the addition of pyridine to the homogeneous system, at pressures that are an order of magnitude lower than those needed in the biphasic system described in the literature. Plausible reaction pathways that involve the formation of peroxy carbonic acid as a catalyst are discussed.
Simulation and Verification of Protocol Using Deductive Machine (1995)

This paper describes the technique of simulating and verifying communication protocols using a computer-aided tool, called Deductive Machine, which implements some verification theories that are based on Deductive Systems. The merit of using Deductive Machine is that it simulates the execution of a protocol and at the same time verifies the protocol against certain properties by observing the outcome of the execution. By simply adding one or more new rules concerning the new situations, conducting the simulation exercise again and checking the outcomes against some protocol verification theories, one can conclude whether the protocol still works well under the new conditions. Simulation and verification of a protocol can thus be performed in an incremental manner. The results of using the Deductive Machine to simulate and verify the extended alternating bit protocol, with real life conditions taken into consideration, are reported in this paper in order to demonstrate the usefulness of the tool and the viability of this technique to simulate and verify complex communication protocols.
A cache management policy in proxy server for an efficient multimedia streaming service (2005)

In this paper, we present a cache management policy to efficiently store the videos in a proxy server. The objective of cache management policy is to maximize the quality of service (QoS) to interested clients by improving the hit rate of popular videos. Our cache management policy is based on capturing the changing preference of the videos according to recentness, frequency, and playback length of the requested videos. For this purpose, we define a parameter, access time, which represents the total playback time of video within a predefined interval. We also utilize the time popularity (TP) that denotes the number of client access to the each video within a predefined interval. Using the access time and TP, we can estimate a maximum available space of a video which means the maximum size of storage space to be allocated to the video. Our simulation results show that the bit rate of the proposed method is greater than the previous works. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm performs better than other algorithm such as LRU, LFU, and TP methods in terms of packet bit rate in random access pattern and Zipf distribution access pattern.
Involvement of DkTGA1 Transcription Factor in Anaerobic Response Leading to Persimmon Fruit Postharvest De-Astringency (2016)

Persimmon fruit are unique in accumulating proanthocyanidins (tannins) during development, which cause astringency in mature fruit. In 'Mopanshi' persimmon, astringency can be removed by treatment with 95% CO2, which increases the concentrations of ethanol and acetaldehyde by glycolysis, and precipitates the soluble tannin. A TGA transcription factor, DkTGA1, belonging to the bZIP super family, was isolated from an RNA-seq database and real-time quantitative PCR indicated that DkTGA1 was up-regulated by CO2 treatment, in concert with the removal of astringency from persimmon fruit. Dual-luciferase assay revealed that DkTGA1 had a small (less than 2-fold), but significant effect on the promoters of de-astringency-related genes DkADH1, DkPDC2 and DkPDC3, which encode enzymes catalyzing formation of acetaldehyde and ethanol. A combination of DkTGA1 and a second transcription factor, DkERF9, shown previously to be related to de-astringency, showed additive effects on the activation of the DkPDC2 promoter. Yeast one-hybrid assay showed that DkERF9, but not DkTGA1, could bind to the DkPDC2 promoter. Thus, although DkTGA1 expression is positively associated with persimmon fruit de-astringency, trans-activation analyses with DkPDC2 indicates it is likely to act by binding indirectly DkPDC2 promoter, might with helps of DkERF9.
Jahrbuch für öffentliche Finanzen (2024) 1 (2024)

Das Jahrbuch für öffentliche Finanzen ist das Ergebnis einer gemeinsamen Initiative von Autorinnen und Autoren aus den interessierten Fachdisziplinen Finanz-, Politik- und Rechtswissenschaft sowie aus der Verwaltungspraxis – und hier vor allem der Landesfinanzverwaltungen und der Rechnungshöfe. Mit seinem Schwerpunkt auf der Haushaltswirtschaft der Länder stellt es dem Finanzbericht des Bundes eine unabhängige und wissenschaftlich fundierte Publikation von hoher Aktualität gegenüber.In einem ausführlichen Berichtsteil werden die Länderhaushalte des Jahres 2023 vom Entwurf bis zum Vollzug behandelt und so eine präzise und hochaktuelle Beschreibung des Verlaufs aller 16 Landeshaushalte bereitgestellt. Auch die Haushaltslage der Kommunen wird analysiert. Vor dem Hintergrund des Haushaltsurteils des Bundesverfassungsgerichts 2023 liefern die Fachbeiträge Impulse zu haushalterischen und administrativen Steuerungsfragen. Auch die Finanzierung des Klimawandels auf allen Ebenen des Bundesstaates im Spiegel der Karlsruher Entscheidung sowie neugestellte alte Fragen der öffentlichen Einnahmenseite werden diskutiert.
Vector and matrix operations programmed with UDFs in a relational DBMS (2006)

In general, a relational DBMS provides limited capabilities to perform multidimensional statistical analysis, which requires manipulating vectors and matrices. In this work, we study how to extend a DBMS with basic vector and matrix operators by programming User-Defined Functions (UDFs). We carefully analyze UDF features and limitations to implement vector and matrix operations commonly used in statistics, machine learning and data mining, paying attention to DBMS, operating system and computer architecture constraints. UDFs represent a C programming interface that allows the definition of scalar and aggregate functions that can be used in SQL. UDFs have several advantages and limitations. A UDF allows fast evaluation of arithmetic expressions, memory manipulation, using multidimensional arrays and exploiting all C language control statements. Nevertheless, a UDF cannot perform disk I/O, the amount of heap and stack memory that can be allocated is small and the UDF code must consider specific architecture characteristics of the DBMS. We experimentally compare UDFs and SQL with respect to performance, ease of use, flexibility and scalability. We profile UDFs based on call overhead, memory management and interleaved disk access. We show UDFs are faster than standard SQL aggregations and as fast as SQL arithmetic expressions.
Comrad: detection of expressed rearrangements by integrated analysis of RNA-Seq and low coverage genome sequence data (2011)

A C++ and Perl implementation of the method demonstrated in this article is available at http://compbio.cs.sfu.ca/.
Corrigendum to “Large Gliadin Peptides Detected in the Pancreas of NOD and Healthy Mice following Oral Administration” (2017)

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2016/2424306.].
Influence of casting direction on chloride-induced rebar corrosion (2010)

The steel/concrete interface is one of the major influencing factors for chloride-induced reinforcement corrosion. Its properties are highly dependent on conditions during casting, compaction and the transformation from fresh concrete to a solid material. The present paper demonstrates the influence of casting direction on chloride-induced corrosion. Reinforced concrete samples were subjected to chloride exposure by wetting/drying cycles until depassivation of the steel was detected. As chloride penetration was monitored with embedded chloride ion selective electrodes (chloride sensors), information in terms of the free chloride ion activity in the pore solution was obtained. After depassivation, the specimens were split for visual examination and acid-soluble chloride analysis. It was observed that corrosion always initiated on the lower rebar side with respect to casting direction. Macroscopic defects such as air voids are not necessarily the sites at which pitting initiates. The results are discussed with regard to both total and free chloride contents.