gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An integrated approach for non-destructive testing of ACSR conductors: Early deployments of robotized sensors (2014)

Commonly used methods to inspect power line consist of visual camera, infrared camera, and binoculars. In the recent years, power line robotics has come to play a role for very detailed visual inspections and other tasks. These methods are adequate to detect damage caused by lightning strikes or exterior damages. Nothing is detected that the eyes cannot see. In order to probe under the surface of conductors, inspection methods with a certain degree of penetrating power are required. This paper lists some of the most relevant ACSR's ageing mechanism and proposes applicable sensor technologies to assess them. Then, since mid-term objectives include deploying these sensors via power line mobile robots such as LineScout, integration consideration are discussed. Finally, the paper presents preliminary results obtained with three different types of sensors and shows the current stage of development of NDT technologies aimed at inspecting the core of the ACSR conductors.
Layered Double Hydroxide Nano‐ and Microstructures Grown Directly on Metal Substrates and Their Calcined Products for Application as Li‐Ion Battery Electrodes (2008)

Abstract Layered double hydroxide (LDH) nano‐ and microstructures with controllable size and morphology have been fabricated on “bivalent metal” substrates such as zinc and copper by a one‐step, room‐temperature process, in which metal substrates act as both reactants and supports. By manipulating the concentration of NH 3 · H 2 O, the thickness and lateral size of the LDH materials can be tuned from several tens of nanometers to several hundreds of nanometers and from several hundreds of nanometers to several micrometers, respectively. This method is general and may be readily extended to any other alkali‐resisted substrate coated with Zn and Cu. As an example, Zn‐covered stainless steel foil has been shown to be effective for the growth of a ZnAl LDH film. After calcinating the as‐grown LDH at high temperature (650 °C) in argon gas, a ZnO/ZnAl 2 O 4 porous nanosheet film is obtained, which is then directly used for the first time as the anode material for Li‐ion batteries with the operating voltage window of 0.05–2.5 V (vs. Li). The result demonstrates that ZnO/ZnAl 2 O 4 has higher discharge and charge capacities and considerably better cycling stability compared to pure ZnO (Li insertion/extraction rate: 200 or 500 mA g −1 ). The improved electrochemical performance can be ascribed to the buffering effect of the inactive matrix ZnAl 2 O 4 by relieving the stress caused by the volume change during charge–discharge cycling. This work represents a successful example for the development of promising ZnO‐based anode materials for Li‐ion batteries.
The Optimal Service Policies In An M/G/1 Queueing System With Multiple Vacation Types (2001)

In this paper, we consider a single server queueing system with Poisson arrivals and multiple vacation types, in which the server can choose one of several types of vacations to take when he finishes serving all customers in the system. Upon completion of a vacation, the server checks the number of customers waiting in the system. If the number of customers is greater than a critical threshold, the server will resume serving the queue exhaustively; otherwise, he will take another vacation. A variety of vacation types are available and the choice is at the discretion of the server. The cost structure consists of a constant waiting cost rate, fixed costs for starting up service, and reward rates for taking vacations. It is shown that this infinite buffer queueing system can be formulated as a finite state Semi-Markov decision process (SMDP). With this finite state model, we can determine the optimal service policy to minimize the long-term average cost of this vacation system. Some practical stochastic production and inventory control systems can be effectively studied using this SMDP model.
Synthesis of perfluorosulfonate ionomer-stabilized platinum colloid and its application in direct methanol fuel cells (2008)

Pt colloid was synthesized by the reduction of hexachloroplatinic acid with formaldehyde in the presence of a stabilizer (a cation-exchanged polymer - perfluorosulfonate ionomer (PFSI) or Teflon) or without any stabilizers. The average size of platinum particles with a stabilizer, characterized by a transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, is in a nanometer range in comparison with the particle agglomeration without any stabilizers. Highly dispersive 40 wt. % Pt/C catalyst obtained from the PFSI-stabilized Pt colloid shows much better performance than its counterpart with Teflon as a stabilizer or without any stabilizer according to the cyclic voltammetric (CV) characterization and the single direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) performance testing. It is strongly suggested that the proton-conducting ionomer could smooth the reaction pathway by facilitating the proton transport, while Teflon inhibit the active sites, though both of them can inhibit the particle growth. The improved fuel cell performance is attributed to the small particles and the unhindered transport of protons/electrons ascribed to the intimate contact of Pt and proton-conducting ionomer.
Web Sites for Entrepreneurs (2000)

(2000). Web Sites for Entrepreneurs. Journal of Business & Finance Librarianship: Vol. 6, No. 2, pp. 35-67.
Experimental Study on the Thermal Performance of a Domestic Solar Air Heater with Protruding Triangular Openings on the Absorber Plate (2016)

A solar air heater was designed for supplementary domestic heating. The absorber plate had a series of protruding notches which had triangular openings on the front surface of the absorber plate to direct partial air flow to the rear surface and to enhance the convective heat transfer to the flowing air. The height of the opening as well as the opening configuration was determined by preceding numerical simulations. The experimental model had an absorber plate of 0.78-m width and 1.0-m length which was coated with black paint.
Abstract PR04: Epigenetic silencing of CDR1as drives IGF2BP3-mediated melanoma invasion and metastasis (2020)

Abstract Metastasis is the primary cause of death of cancer patients. Dissecting mechanisms governing metastatic spread may uncover new biology and/or yield promising therapeutic insights. Here we investigated the role of circular RNAs (circRNAs), a class of noncoding RNAs lacking characterized functions, in metastasis, using melanoma as a model aggressive tumor. We analyzed RNA-seq of melanocytes and melanoma short-term cultures to characterize the landscape of circRNA in melanocytic cells. We observed silencing of Cerebellar Degeneration Related 1 (CDR1as), a neuronal-enriched circRNA and known regulator of the microRNA miR-7, in melanoma cell lines and short-term cultures compared to cultured melanocytes, and progressive loss from primary to metastatic disease in melanoma patient samples. Moreover, low CDR1as expression in primary tumors associates with poor prognostic histopathologic indicators and patient outcomes. We find that CDR1as loss results from H3K27me3-mediated silencing of its originating lincRNA LINC00632. We observed abundant H3K27me3, the repressive chromatin mark deposited by the PRC2 complex, in regulatory regions of LINC00632 in cell lines lacking CDR1as expression, and pharmacologic inhibition of EZH2 restored expression of both transcripts. Phenotypically, CDR1as depletion in vitro and in vivo enhances melanoma invasion and metastasis, with limited effect on cell proliferation or tumor growth. Surprisingly, we did not observe miR-7 regulation to be a catalyst of the proinvasive effects of CDR1as depletion in our models. Instead, we identified IGF2BP3 as a novel interactor of CDR1as and critical mediator downstream of CDR1as silencing. Finally, we find that CDR1as abundance associates with previously defined cellular states that engender distinct therapeutic responses to MAPK and GPX4 inhibitors. Collectively, our study reveals CDR1as silencing as a hallmark of melanoma progression; documents novel functional, prognostic and predictive roles for CDR1as; and exposes circRNAs as key players in metastasis. This abstract is also being presented as Poster A29. Citation Format: Douglas Hanniford, Alejandro Ulloa-Morales, Beatriz Sánchez-Sendra, Alcida Karz, Rana Moubarak, Tommaso Tabaglio, Maria Gabriela Berzoti-Coelho, Veronica Davalos, Pamela Wu, Varshini Vasudevaraja, Andreas Kloetgen, Karin Lilja, Jochen Imig, Carlos Monteagudo, Ernesto Guccione, Aristotelis Tsirigos, Iman Osman, Iannis Aifantis, Eva Hernando. Epigenetic silencing of CDR1as drives IGF2BP3-mediated melanoma invasion and metastasis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Melanoma: From Biology to Target; 2019 Jan 15-18; Houston, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(19 Suppl):Abstract nr PR04.
Composition and the thermoelectric performance of β-Zn4Sb3 (2010)

β-Zn4Sb3 is a promising thermoelectric material due to the abundance of zinc and antimony and reports of high efficiency in bulk samples. This work establishes the high temperature properties of β-Zn4Sb3 across the phase stability window. By controlling the stoichiometry, the Hall carrier concentration can be tuned from 6–9 × 1019 cm−3 without requiring extrinsic dopants. The trend in Seebeck coefficient on carrier concentration is rationalized with a single, parabolic band model. Extremely low lattice thermal conductivity (0.4–0.6 W m−1 K−1) coupled with a moderate effective mass (1.2 me) and mobility leads to a large figure of merit (zT of 0.8 by 550 K). The single parabolic band model is used to obtain the carrier concentration dependence of the figure of merit and an optimum carrier concentration near 5 × 1019 cm−3 is predicted.
Engineering Radio Maps for Wireless Resource Management (2019)

The term 'radio map' in general refers to the geographical signal power spectrum density, formed by the superposition of concurrent wireless transmissions, as a function of location, frequency and time. It contains rich and useful information regarding the spectral activities and propagation channels in wireless networks. Such information can be leveraged to not only improve the performance of existing wireless services (e.g., via proactive resource provisioning) but also enable new applications, such as wireless spectrum surveillance. However, practical implementation of radio maps in wireless communication is often difficult due to the heterogeneity of modern wireless networks and the sheer amount of wireless data to be collected, stored, and processed. In this article, we provide an overview of the state-of-the-art techniques for constructing radio maps as well as applying them to achieve efficient and secure resource management in wireless networks. Some key research challenges are highlighted to motivate future investigation.
Adhesion to E‐selectin primes macrophages for activation through AKT and mTOR (2021)

The endothelial adhesion protein E-selectin/CD62E is not required for leukocyte homing, unlike closely related family member P-selectin/CD62P. As transmigration through the endothelium is one of the first steps in generating a local immune response, we hypothesized that E-selectin may play additional roles in the early stages of immune activation. We found contact with E-selectin, but not P-selectin or vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (CD106), induced phosphorylation of protein kinase B (AKT) and nuclear factor-κB in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) in vitro. This occurred within 15 min of E-selectin contact and was dependent on phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase activity. Binding to E-selectin activated downstream proteins including mammalian target of rapamycin, p70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1. Functionally, adhesion to E-selectin induced upregulation of CD86 expression and CCL2 secretion. We next asked whether contact with E-selectin impacts further BMDM stimulation. We found enhanced secretion of both interleukin (IL)-10 and CCL2, but not tumor necrosis factor or IL-6 in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation after adhesion to E-selectin. Importantly, adhesion to E-selectin did not polarize BMDMs to one type of response but enhanced both arginase activity and nitric oxide production following IL-4 or LPS stimulation, respectively. In cultured human monocytes, adhesion to E-selectin similarly induced phosphorylation of AKT. Finally, when E-selectin was blocked in vivo in mice, thioglycollate-elicited macrophages showed reduced CD86 expression, validating our in vitro studies. Our results imply functions for E-selectin beyond homing and suggest that E-selectin plays an early role in priming and amplifying innate immune responses.
Number needed to treat and number needed to harm with paliperidone palmitate relative to long-acting haloperidol, bromperidol, and fluphenazine decanoate for treatment of patients with schizophrenia (2011)

Overall, paliperidone palmitate had a similar NNT and a more favorable NNH compared with the first-generation long-acting injectables assessed.
Local foodie (2020)

Food is an essential part of travel experience. Consumption of locally produced food while traveling has the two-fold benefit of providing insight into the local culture and increasing the sustainability of tourism. However, finding local food often requires motivation and effort, as information about food ingredients' origins and supply chains is not easy to discover. This paper presents the three-phase experience design process of a prototype of a mobile augmented reality (MAR) application "Local Foodie" designed to encourage tourists in Finland to consume local food. Adventure, autonomy, and competence were determined as experience goals for the application, and an interactive MAR prototype was created through iterative design. The results of a user evaluation (n=10) of the prototype suggest that the use of the application was intrinsically motivating, and the MAR elements contributed especially to the fulfillment of adventure and autonomy experience goals. Future work could leverage context-awareness and personalization to further enhance the experience of adventure.
Sustainable software design (2016)

Although design plays a central role in software development, the information produced in this activity is often left to progressively evaporate as the result of software evolution, loss of artifacts, or the fading of related knowledge held by the development team. This paper introduces the concept of sustainability for software design, and calls for its integration into the existing catalog of design quality attributes. Applied to software design, sustainability conveys the idea that a particular set of design decisions and their rationale can be succinctly reflected in the host technology and/or described in documentation in a way that is checkable for conformance with the code and generally resistant to evaporation. The paper discusses the relation between sustainability and existing research areas in software engineering, and highlights future research challenges related to sustainable software design.
Oxidative Stress Regulation of Stem and Progenitor Cells (2009)

In recent years, it has become clear that balanced regulation of reactive oxygen species is of critical significance for cell-fate determination as well as for stem cell development, function, and survival. Although many questions regarding intracellular redox status regulation of stem cell fate remain, we review here what is known regarding the impact of cell-fate signaling as shown with a variety of human cancer cells and more recently on cancer-initiating cells and on the regenerative capacity of skeletal muscle and hematopoietic tissue and their stem cells. We also discuss the role of altered intracellular redox status as a potential primary pathogenic mechanism in muscular dystrophy and hematopoietic pathologies. Studies discussed here illustrate how understanding altered redox regulation of stem cell behavior may contribute to the development of novel stem cell therapies.
Disclosure to vaccine trial subjects of specific risk of COVID-19 vaccines worsening clinical disease in informed consents (2020)

Aims of the study Patient comprehension is a critical part of meeting standards of informed consent in study designs. The aim of the study was to determine if extant literature exists to require clinicians to disclose the specific risk that COVID-19 vaccines could worsen disease upon exposure to challenge or circulating virus. Methods used to conduct the study Published literature was reviewed to identify extant preclinical and clinical evidence that COVID-19 vaccines could worsen disease upon exposure to challenge or circulating virus. Results of the study Based on the history of coronavirus vaccine development, COVID-19 vaccines designed to elicit neutralizing antibodies may sensitize vaccine recipients to more severe disease than if they were not vaccinated. Vaccines for SARS, MERS and RSV have never been approved, and the data generated in the development and testing of these vaccines suggest a serious mechanistic concern: that vaccines designed empirically using the traditional approach (consisting of the unmodified or minimally modified coronavirus viral spike to elicit neutralizing antibodies), be they composed of protein, viral vector, DNA or RNA and irrespective of delivery method, may worsen COVID-19 disease via antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of either infection or disease. Conclusions drawn from the study and clinical implications The specific and significant COVID-19 risk of ADE should have been and should be clearly and emphatically disclosed to research subjects currently in vaccine trials, as well as those being recruited for the trials and future patients after vaccine approval, in order to meet the medical ethics standard of patient comprehension.
Functional Gold Nanoparticles as Photothermal Agents for Selective-Killing of Pathogenic Bacteria (2007)

This photothermal approach is effective for the inhibition of pathogenic bacteria cell growth, including Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria and antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
Characterization and overexpression of the Lactococcus lactis pepN gene and localization of its product, aminopeptidase N (1991)

The chromosomal pepN gene encoding lysyl-aminopeptidase activity in Lactococcus lactis has been identified in a lambda EMBL3 library in Escherichia coli by using an immunological screening with antiserum against a purified aminopeptidase fraction. The pepN gene was localized and subcloned in E. coli on the basis of its expression and hybridization to a mixed-oligonucleotide probe for the previously determine N-terminal amino acid sequence of lysyl-aminopeptidase (P. S. T. Tan and W. N. Konings, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 56:526-532, 1990). The L. lactis pepN gene appeared to complement an E. coli strain carrying a mutation in its pepN gene. High-level expression of the pepN gene in E. coli was obtained by using the T7 system. The overproduction of the 95-kDa aminopeptidase N could be visualized on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels and immunoblots. Cloning of the pepN gene on a multicopy plasmid in L. lactis resulted in a 20-fold increase in lysyl-aminopeptidase activity that corresponded to several percent of total protein. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the 5' region of the pepN gene allowed a comparison between the deduced and determined amino-terminal primary sequences of aminopeptidase N. The results show that the amino terminus of PepN is not processed and does not possess the characteristics of consensus signal sequences, indicating that aminopeptidase N is probably an intracellular protein. The intracellular location of aminopeptidase N in L. lactis was confirmed by immunogold labeling of lactococcal cells.
Understanding Si(111) solid phase epitaxial regrowth using Monte Carlo modeling: Bi-modal growth, defect formation, and interface topology (2012)

This work studies the intriguing experimental observations that Si(111) solid phase epitaxial regrowth velocity is not constant as recrystallization progresses, but has a sudden change after recrystallization of ≈100 nm and progresses faster afterward.[L. Csepregi, J. W. Mayer, and T. W. Sigmon, Appl. Phys. Lett. 29(2), 92 (1976)] These two modes have important implications in the quality of the recrystallized silicon. The first recrystallization produces a flat advancing front leaving a heavy dense network of small and parallel to the surface twins behind, while the second mode creates a more rough advancing front that leaves bigger, although less dense inclined twins. By using a comprehensive and efficient lattice kinetic Monte Carlo model that explicitly accounts for the formation of different crystalline twin orientations, we simulate and expose the physical explanation of such observations. We explain the origin for the formation and subsequent evolution of different type of twins (parallel to the interface and inclined) and its implication in the overall evolution of Si(111) recrystallization.
Physico‐Chemical Properties, Probiotic Survivability, Microstructure, and Acceptability of a Yogurt‐Like Symbiotic Oats‐Based Product Using Pre‐Polymerized Whey Protein as a Gelation Agent (2010)

Consumption of a food product containing prebiotics and probiotics has been recognized as an important factor in lowering risk of intestinal cancer and gastrointestinal diseases and risks associated with high cholesterol. An oats-based symbiotic yogurt-like food (Oagurt) was developed using oats and probiotics (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei, and Bifidobacterium), with pre-polymerized whey protein (PWP) as a gelation agent. The product was also fortified with inulin to increase soluble fiber, minerals, and vitamins. Physico-chemical analyses and 9 wk shelf life for viability of probiotics and changes in pH and viscosity were carried out for formulations with (F) and without (C) fortification. Results of the shelf life study showed that both L. casei and Bifidobacterium remained at therapeutic levels: 4.8 x 10(6) CFU/g (F), 4.3 x 10(6) CFU/g (C) and 3.1 x 10(6) CFU/g (F), 3.17 x 10(6) CFU/g (C) after 9 wk. However L. acidophilus did not survive after 3 wk. Viscosity and pH decreased significantly during the study with the difference between formulations also significant for pH (P < 0.0001). Scanning electron microscopy of samples revealed that the pre-polymerized whey protein played a major role in the structure of the gel with an increased protein network structure visible at higher PWP levels. A consumer acceptability study showed that the product was "fair" for all organoleptic attributes.
Revealing a detailed performance of the soft x-ray telescopes of the ASTRO-H mission (2014)

The international X-ray observatory, ASTRO-H is currently planed as launched in 2015. The ASTRO-H mission covers a wide energy range from a few hundreds eV to 600 keV. The two Soft X-ray Telescopes (SXT- 1 and SXT-2) play a role to image the soft X-ray sky up to ~12 keV in that range. Each of them focuses an image on the focal plane detectors of the CCD camera (SXI) and the calorimeter (SXS-XCS), respectively. In this paper, we present spot scan measurements of the two SXTs. The spot scan fully illuminates the telescope by mapping with the 8 mm by 8 mm beam and creates the ”maps” of the half power diameter (HPD) and the focal location of the focused image. We found variations of performance at local area of the telescope. Each of the spot images has different focal-location and different HPD. Moreover, we found that the map of the HPD is very similar from quadrant to quadrant, but the map of the focal location is different from quadrant to quadrant, from radius to radius, and from azimuthal angle to angle.