gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Crystal Structure and Liquid Crystalline State of Cholesteryl Butylcarbonate (2007)

The crystal crystal structures of a series of esters and carbonates of cholesterol was examined, in order to obtain structural information relevant to their liquid crystalline phases and the possible modes of association of the chole sterol derivatives, as well as of other substances in biological systems.1 An examination of the unit-cell parameters of the cholesterol derivatives suggests that the majority of them might have one of the four common crystal packing arrangements.2-5 However, the crystal data of the cholesteryl butyl carbonate obtained in this study indicate that this carbonate belongs to none of these four crystal structure types.
Weakly Ionized Plasmas in Hypersonics: Fundamental Kinetics and Flight Applications (2005)

The paper reviews some of the recent studies of applications of weakly ionized plasmas to supersonic/hypersonic flight. Plasmas can be used simply as means of delivering energy (heating) to the flow, and also for electromagnetic flow control and magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) power generation. Plasma and MHD control can be especially effective in transient off‐design flight regimes. In cold air flow, nonequilibrium plasmas must be created, and the ionization power budget determines design, performance envelope, and the very practicality of plasma/MHD devices. The minimum power budget is provided by electron beams and repetitive high‐voltage nanosecond pulses, and the paper describes theoretical and computational modeling of plasmas created by the beams and repetitive pulses. The models include coupled equations for non‐local and unsteady electron energy distribution function (modeled in forward‐back approximation), plasma kinetics, and electric field. Recent experimental studies at Princeton University have successfully demonstrated stable diffuse plasmas sustained by repetitive nanosecond pulses in supersonic air flow, and for the first time have demonstrated the existence of MHD effects in such plasmas. Cold‐air hypersonic MHD devices are shown to permit optimization of scramjet inlets at Mach numbers higher than the design value, while operating in self‐powered regime. Plasma energy addition upstream of the inlet throat can increase the thrust by capturing more air (Virtual Cowl), or it can reduce the flow Mach number and thus eliminate the need for an isolator duct. In the latter two cases, the power that needs to be supplied to the plasma would be generated by an MHD generator downstream of the combustor, thus forming the “reverse energy bypass” scheme. MHD power generation on board reentry vehicles is also discussed.
High Speed Hydraulic Servo Valve Using Linear DC Motor. (1993)

This paper deals with a high speed direct drive hydraulic servo valve (linear servo valve, LSV) using linear DC motor (LDM). The nozzle-flapper type hydraulic servo valves and proportional valves driven linear electromagnetic solenoid are widely used in factory automation. High speed and high precision hydraulic valves have been required, because these conventional valves involve problems in efficiency, contamination and low-speed.In this paper, the following points are discussed:(1) The static thrust distribution of the LDM in the range of rated stroke ±0.5mm of the LSV have good flat characteristics. The static thrust of the LDM is not in proportion to exciting current, because of magnetic force generated by permanent magnet and yoke. It is clarified that this phenomenon is not matter in practical application for the LSV.(2) The flow force characteristics acting on the LDM are evaluated on two spools. The flow force of an improved spool is decreased by circulating the flow in a compensation bucket, and the flow force of a conventional spool is not decreased. The maximum flow force of the improved spool is equal 27% to that of the conventional spool.(3) The LSV exhibits a dynamic response of a 90° phase lag at 500 Hz. It is clarified that the dynamic response of the LSV is above 67% higher than that of the conventional hydraulic valves. The LSV is able to reduce the control power including electric and hydraulic power to above 55% in comparison with the nozzle-flapper type hydraulic servo valves.
A study of the origin of pulmonary macrophages using the Chédiak-Higashi marker. (1980)

Using bone marrow reconstitution techniques with cells bearing the Chédiak-Higashi marker, the authors have been able to demonstrate in mice that both interstitial and intraalveolar macrophages of the lung are derived from bone marrow precursor cells. The morphologic approach (transmission electron microscopy) employed in this study provides direct evidence and confirmation of earlier reports, in which entirely different techniques were used to study cell traffic in the lung. The use of the Chédiak-Higashi marker has great advantages over other more cumbersome and difficult techniques.
Humanoid robots learning to walk faster: from the real world to simulation and back (2013)

Simulation is often used in research and industry as a low cost, high efficiency alternative to real model testing. Simulation has also been used to develop and test powerful learning algorithms. However, parameters learned in simulation often do not translate directly to the application, especially because heavy optimization in simulation has been observed to exploit the inevitable simulator simplifications, thus creating a gap between simulation and application that reduces the utility of learning in simulation.This paper introduces Grounded Simulation Learning (GSL), an iterative optimization framework for speeding up robot learning using an imperfect simulator. In GSL, a behavior is developed on a robot and then repeatedly: 1) the behavior is optimized in simulation; 2) the resulting behavior is tested on the real robot and compared to the expected results from simulation, and 3) the simulator is modified, using a machine-learning approach to come closer in line with reality. This approach is fully implemented and validated on the task of learning to walk using an Aldebaran Nao humanoid robot. Starting from a set of stable, hand-coded walk parameters, four iterations of this three-step optimization loop led to more than a 25% increase in the robot's walking speed.
Image Enhacement and Fusion with the Random Neural Network (1997)

Enhancing image quality and combining observations into a coherent description are essential tools in various image processing applications such as multimedia publishing, target recognition, and medical imaging. In this paper we propose two novel approaches for image enlargement and image fusion using the Random Neural Network (RNN) model [1,2,3,4], whic has already been successfully applied to the problems such as still and moving image compression [5], and image segmentation [6]. The advantage of the RNN model is that is closer to biophysical reality and mathematically more tractable than standard neural methods, especially when used as a recurrent structure.
Dynamic slack reclamation with procrastination scheduling in real-time embedded systems (2005)

Leakage energy consumption is an increasing concern in current and future CMOS technology generations. Procrastination scheduling, where task execution can be delayed to maximize the duration of idle intervals, has been proposed to minimize leakage energy drain. The authors addressed dynamic slack reclamation techniques under procrastination scheduling to minimize the static and dynamic energy consumption. In addition to dynamic task slowdown, a dynamic procrastination was proposed, which seeks to extend idle intervals through slack reclamation. While using the entire slack for either slowdown or procrastination need not be the most energy efficient approach, the slack was distributed between slowdown and procrastination to exploit maximum energy savings. The simulation experiments showed that dynamic slowdown result on an average 10% energy gains over static slowdown. Dynamic procrastination extends the average sleep interval by 25%, which reduces the idle energy consumption by 15%, while meeting all timing requirements.
他人和“中间”世界 (1979)

什切潘斯基(Jan Szczepanski)博士,是波兰科学院副院长。在本文里,他试图总结一种所谓关于“他人”的通俗哲学,从而提出一些关于人、人性的新看法。他认为,他人是我存在的条件,离他则无我。反之亦然。在我与他之间有一种“中间”关系,即他称之为“奇怪的空间”。人之善恶并不是天然就在我或他之内,而是在于这个地处我与他当中的“奇怪的空间”之中。作者进而提出三个世界论:外在的物质世界、内在的精神世界以及在这二者之间的“中间”世界;后者既不是物质的,也不是精神的,而是“社会性的”,因此又称为社会世界。人类社会的各种各样的价值观念和道德准则都来源于此。三个世界——人类存在的三个方面涉及人的生活的全部范围。一个完人是善于处理这三方面关系的人。作者又认为,人需要全面探索自己的内在世界,否则,就不能全面理解自己的人性。可是,人的内在世界(对他人)是密封着的,看不透的;所以,作者得出结论:人从来就不能够采取完全人性的态度去对待别人。什切潘斯基的“中间”世界论,使人想起马赫和詹姆士的非心非物的“中间东西”。两者似不无渊源关系。
ChemInform Abstract: Hydration of Silicium‐Halogen‐Compounds with Trialkylstannyl Chloride/ Sodium Hydride. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Robust Regeneration of Adult Sensory Axons in Degenerating White Matter of the Adult Rat Spinal Cord (1999)

We have recently reported that minimally disturbed adult CNS white matter can support regeneration of adult axons by using a novel microtransplantation technique to inject minute volumes of dissociated adult rat dorsal root ganglion neurons directly into adult rat CNS pathways (Davies et al., 1997). This atraumatic injection procedure minimized scarring and allowed considerable numbers of regenerating adult axons immediate access to the adult CNS glial terrain where they rapidly extended for long distances. A critical question remained as to whether degenerating white matter at acute and chronic stages (up to 3 months) after injury could still support regeneration. To investigate this, we have microtransplanted adult sensory neurons into degenerating white matter of the adult rat spinal cord several millimeters rostral to a severe lesion of the dorsal columns. Regeneration of donor sensory axons in both directions away from the site of transplantation was robust even within white matter undergoing fulminant Wallerian degeneration despite intimate contact with myelin. Along their route, the regrowing axons extended large numbers of collaterals into the adjacent dorsal horn. However, after entering the lesion, the rapidly extending growth cones stopped and became dystrophic within high concentrations of reactive glial matrix. Our results offer compelling evidence that the major environmental impediment to regeneration in the adult CNS is the molecular barrier that forms directly at the lesion site, and that degenerating white matter beyond the glial scar has a far greater intrinsic ability to support axon regeneration than previously thought possible.
Compressive Signal Processing with Circulant Sensing Matrices (2014)

Compressive sensing achieves effective dimensionality reduction of signals, under a sparsity constraint, by means of a small number of random measurements acquired through a sensing matrix. In a signal processing system, the problem arises of processing the random projections directly, without first reconstructing the signal. In this paper, we show that circulant sensing matrices allow to perform a variety of classical signal processing tasks such as filtering, interpolation, registration, transforms, and so forth, directly in the compressed domain and in an exact fashion, \emph{i.e.}, without relying on estimators as proposed in the existing literature. The advantage of the techniques presented in this paper is to enable direct measurement-to-measurement transformations, without the need of costly recovery procedures.
Dünnschichtchromatographische Methode zum Screening auf 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxy-mandelsäure im Harn ohne Extraktion (1977)

A thin layer chromatography (TLC) screening test is described, which allows the semiquantitative determination of HMMA in urine samples. From the collected 24 hour urine a measured sample is applied without extraction to a special TLC plate, which is developed in one dimension. In comparison to a series of graded standard solutions the daily HMMA output can be estimated semiquantitatively. In 102 patients over 18 years of age, suffering from high blood pressure, the daily HMMA output was estimated by both the Pisano method (Pisano, J.J., Crout, J.R. & Abraham, D. (1962), Clin. Chim. Acta 7,285--291) and the TLC method. Coincident results with both methods were obtained in 99 of these cases. The residual 3 cases show pathological results with the Pisano method and results in the normal range or the warning range, respectively, with the TLC method. These cases can probably be classified as false positive results of the Pisano method. The TLC method is recommended as a screening test for estimating the daily HMMA excretion.
The application of nanotubular titanium dioxide for gas sensors (2016)

The work considers possibilities to employ nanotubular (NT) titanium dioxide layers in order to develop gas sensors. The NT TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> layers have been fabricated by electrochemical anodizing of Ti foil with subsequent dissolution of metal layer. The technique to apply TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> NT layer over the substrate equipped with strip coplanar electrodes is developed. It has been found that the TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> NTs exhibit a considerable chemiresistive effect at temperatures over 300 °C versus a number of organic vapors under ppm concentrations in air.
Cooperative Multi-Agent Control for Autonomous Ship Towing Under Environmental Disturbances (2021)

Among the promising application of autonomous surface vessels (ASVs) is the utilization of multiple autonomous tugs for manipulating a floating object such as an oil platform, a broken ship, or a ship in port areas. Considering the real conditions and operations of maritime practice, this paper proposes a multi-agent control algorithm to manipulate a ship to a desired position with a desired heading and velocity under the environmental disturbances. The control architecture consists of a supervisory controller in the higher layer and tug controllers in the lower layer. The supervisory controller allocates the towing forces and angles between the tugs and the ship by minimizing the error in the position and velocity of the ship. The weight coefficients in the cost function are designed to be adaptive to guarantee that the towing system functions well under environmental disturbances, and to enhance the efficiency of the towing system. The tug controller provides the forces to tow the ship and tracks the reference trajectory that is computed online based on the towing angles calculated by the supervisory controller. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can make the two autonomous tugs cooperatively tow a ship to a desired position with a desired heading and velocity under the (even harsh) environmental disturbances.
<title>Mapping hidden aircraft defects with dual-band infrared computed tomography</title> (1995)

Infrared computed tomography (IRCT) is a promising, non-contact, nondestructive evaluation tool used to inspect the mechanical integrity of large structures. We describe on-site, proof-of-principle demonstrations of IRCt to inspect defective metallic and composite structures. The IRCT system captures time sequences of heat-stimulated, dual-band infrared (DBIR) thermal maps for flash-heated and naturally-heated targets. Our VIEW algorithms produce co-registered thermal, thermal inertia, and thermal-timegram maps from which we quantify the percent metal-loss corrosion damage for airframes and the defect sites, depths, and host-material physical properties for composite structures. The IRCT method clarifies the type of defect, e.g., corrosion, fabrication, foreign-material insert, delamination, unbond, void, and quantifies the amount of damage from the defect, e.g., the percent metal-loss from corrosion in metal structures, the depth, thickness, and areal extent of heat damage in multi-layered composite materials. Potential long-term benefits of IRCT technology are in-service monitoring of incipient corrosion damage, to avoid catastrophic failure and production-monitoring of cure states for composite materials.
From START to FINISH: computational analysis of cell cycle control in budding yeast (2015)

In the cell division cycle of budding yeast, START refers to a set of tightly linked events that prepare a cell for budding and DNA replication, and FINISH denotes the interrelated events by which the cell exits from mitosis and divides into mother and daughter cells. On the basis of recent progress made by molecular biologists in characterizing the genes and proteins that control START and FINISH, we crafted a new mathematical model of cell cycle progression in yeast. Our model exploits a natural separation of time scales in the cell cycle control network to construct a system of differential-algebraic equations for protein synthesis and degradation, post-translational modifications, and rapid formation and dissociation of multimeric complexes. The model provides a unified account of the observed phenotypes of 257 mutant yeast strains (98% of the 263 strains in the data set used to constrain the model). We then use the model to predict the phenotypes of 30 novel combinations of mutant alleles. Our comprehensive model of the molecular events controlling cell cycle progression in budding yeast has both explanatory and predictive power. Future experimental tests of the model's predictions will be useful to refine the underlying molecular mechanism, to constrain the adjustable parameters of the model, and to provide new insights into how the cell division cycle is regulated in budding yeast.
Spatio-Temporal Video Slice Edges Analysis For Shot Transition Detection And Classification (2007)

In this work we will present a new approach for shot transition auto-detection. Our approach is based on the analysis of Spatio-Temporal Video Slice (STVS) edges extracted from videos. The proposed approach is capable to efficiently detect both abrupt shot transitions 'cuts' and gradual ones such as fade-in, fade-out and dissolve. Compared to other techniques, our method is distinguished by its high level of precision and speed. Those performances are obtained due to minimizing the problem of the boundary shot detection to a simple 2D image partitioning problem.
Antibacterial peptides isolated from insects (2000)

Insects are amazingly resistant to bacterial infections. To combat pathogens, insects rely on cellular and humoral mechanisms, innate immunity being dominant in the latter category. Upon detection of bacteria, a complex genetic cascade is activated, which ultimately results in the synthesis of a battery of antibacterial peptides and their release into the haemolymph. The peptides are usually basic in character and are composed of 20-40 amino acid residues, although some smaller proteins are also included in the antimicrobial repertoire. While the proline-rich peptides and the glycine-rich peptides are predominantly active against Gram-negative strains, the defensins selectively kill Gram-positive bacteria and the cecropins are active against both types. The insect antibacterial peptides are very potent: their IC50 (50% of the bacterial growth inhibition) hovers in the submicromolar or low micromolar range. The majority of the peptides act through disintegrating the bacterial membrane or interfering with membrane assembly, with the exception of drosocin, apidaecin and pyrrhocoricin which appear to deactivate a bacterial protein in a stereospecific manner. In accordance with their biological function, the membrane-active peptides form ordered structures, e.g. alpha-helices or beta-pleated sheets and often cast permeable ion-pores. Their cytotoxic properties were exploited in in vivo studies targeting tumour progression. Although the native peptides degrade quickly in biological fluids other than insect haemolymph, structural modifications render the peptides resistant against proteases without sacrificing biological activity. Indeed, a pyrrhocoricin analogue shows lack of toxicity in vitro and in vivo and protects mice against experimental Escherichia coli infection. Careful selection of lead molecules based on the insect antibacterial peptides may extend their utility and produce viable alternatives to the conventional antimicrobial compounds for mammalian therapy.
14-3-3σ stabilizes a complex of soluble actin and intermediate filament to enable breast tumor invasion (2013)

The protein 14-3-3σ (stratifin) is frequently described as a tumor suppressor silenced in about 80% of breast tumors. Intriguingly, we show that 14-3-3σ expression, which in normal breast is localized to the myoepithelial cells, tracks with malignant phenotype in two models of basal-like breast cancer progression, and in patients, it is associated with basal-like subtype and poor clinical outcome. We characterized a mechanism by which 14-3-3σ guides breast tumor invasion by integrating cytoskeletal dynamics: it stabilizes a complex of solubilized actin and intermediate filaments to maintain a pool of "bioavailable" complexes for polarized assembly during migration. We show that formation of the actin/cytokeratin/14-3-3σ complex and cellular migration are regulated by PKCζ-dependent phosphorylation, a finding that could form the basis for intervention in aggressive breast carcinomas expressing 14-3-3σ. Our data suggest that the biology of this protein is important in cellular movement and is contingent on breast cancer subtype.
Transformed Up-Down Methods in Psychoacoustics (1971)

During the past decade a number of variations in the simple up-down procedure have been used in psychoacoustic testing. A broad class of these methods is described with due emphasis on the related problems of parameter estimation and the efficient placing of observations. The advantages of up-down methods are many, including simplicity, high efficiency, robustness, small-sample reliability, and relative freedom from restrictive assumptions. Several applications of these procedures in psychoacoustics are described, including examples where conventional techniques are inapplicable.
Emphysematous cystitis (2008)

What's your call? ![Figure][1]</img> Computed tomography scan of the abdomen of a 77-year-old woman without diabetes who was admitted to hospital because of hyperthermia, abdominal pain and confusion. A 77-year-old woman without diabetes was admitted to hospital because of confusion,
Gut microbiota–dependent modulation of innate immunity and lymph node remodeling affects cardiac allograft outcomes (2020)

pseudolongum Mitsuoka (ATCC25526; https:/
Tales From the Water Woman of Coweta County (1995)

After nine years of teaching physical education in middle school, I swore I'd rather dig a ditch than teach again. So here I am wearing blue jeans, driving a county truck, getting dirty and wet–and yes–digging a few ditches, but loving my job in water distribution operations.
Saturation-induced crosstalk in high-speed erbium-doped fiber amplifiers at l = 1.53 µm (1989)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text E. DESURVIRE, C. R. GILES, and J. R. SIMPSON, "Saturation-induced crosstalk in high-speed erbium-doped fiber amplifiers at l = 1.53 µm," in Optical Fiber Communication Conference, Vol. 5 of 1989 OSA Technical Digest Series (Optica Publishing Group, 1989), paper TUG7. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article