gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
(Invited) Insights into SOFC Ni/YSZ Anode Degradation Using In-Situ Spectrochronopotentiometrys (2013)

Correlating real time, in situ spectroscopic observations with electrochemical performance provides insight into Ni-YSZ anode degradation mechanisms in operational solid oxide fuel cell (SOFCs). Experiments described in this work monitored the growth of Ni oxide as H 2 fuel was eliminated but the SOFC was still forced to operate with a constant load. This condition required that the SOFC consume anode material, converting Ni to NiO and leading to large changes in cell overpotential. Growth of NiO was monitored with in situ vibrational Raman scattering, and the rate of NiO growth was compared to the cell overpotential and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) data. NiO growth occurred in two distinct steps that match steep jumps in cell overpotential. From these data, we infer how overpotential depends on both electrical and ionic conductivity through the cermet anode. Additional insight into anode degradation via carbon coking are also discussed using a similar procedure.
Multilevel Antifuse Cells with Programmable Contact in Pure 90 nm Logic Process (2010)

A multilevel oxide antifuse cell with programmable contact, fully compatible with a standard complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) logic process, is firstly presented for logic nonvolatile memory applications. A four-state antifuse cell has a stable read window and a very small cell size of 0.097 µm2/bit. By adopting the multiple stages in oxide breakdown, four states of read current level have been successfully demonstrated on this cell fabricated by a standard 90 nm CMOS logic process. A fast programming speed of 10 µs can be obtained using a low programming voltage of less than 4 V. With excellent technology scalability and adaptability, this multilevel antifuse cell provides a very promising solution for programmable logic beyond a 90 nm technology node.
Estimation of the Prevalence of Salmonella Species on the Slatted Area Compared to the Scratch Area of Broiler Breeder Chicken Houses (2013)

With the objective of detecting Salmonella species in the poultry house environment, sampling broiler breeder houses in the two-thirds slatted area and the one-third scratch area with pine shavings bedding can be difficult. The slatted area is where the females, consisting of approximately 90% of the population, eat, drink, and spend the majority of their time. The scratch area is where the males eat and drink, as well as where mating and mortality occur. Besides the nest boxes, the female feeders and water lines make the slatted areas more difficult to sample. However, it is important to take samples from the area with the greatest likelihood of isolating Salmonella. Therefore, boot swab samples were collected from 21 commercial broiler breeder chicken houses representing three different companies in north Georgia to estimate the prevalence of Salmonella on the slat vs. the scratch area in each chicken house. Every house sampled had a central scratch area covered with litter and two elevated slat areas constructed of wood. Four boot swab samples were collected on each side slat area by walking the entire length of the house for each swab. Eight samples were collected in the same manner from the scratch area. Results of 335 total samples were acquired, 167 of which were obtained from the slat area and 168 of which came from the scratch area, yielding 242 total Salmonella isolations. Salmonella was found in 117 of the slat samples, representing 70.1%, compared to 125 of the scratch area samples, representing 74.4%. Both the univariate (P = 0.311) and the multivariable (P = 0.303) analysis showed that sampling location was not associated with Salmonella prevalence.
Diagonal Loading for Finite Sample Size Beamforming: An Asymptotic Approach (2005)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction and Historical Review Asymptotic Output SINR with Diagonal Loading Estimating the Asymptotically Optimum Loading Factor Characterization of the Asymptotically Optimum Loading Factor Summary and Conclusions Acknowledgments Appendix 4.A: Proof of Proposition 1 Appendix 4.B: Proof of Lemma 1 Appendix 4.C: Derivation of the Consistent Estimator Appendix 4.D: Proof of Proposition 2 References
Androgen dependent stimulation of aromatase activity in genital skin fibroblasts from normals and patients with androgen insensitivity (1991)

Androgens stimulate aromatase activity in genital skin fibroblasts from normals. The response is mediated via the androgen receptor and can be decreased or absent in patients with the androgen insensitivity syndrome. This may be a useful in-vitro marker of androgen responsiveness in such patients.
STI571 inhibits growth and adhesion of human mast cells in culture (2003)

Stem cell factor (SCF)/c-kit system is critical for human mast cell development. We thus examined the effects of STI571, an inhibitor of the c-kit tyrosine kinase receptor, on the proliferation and function of human mast cells. STI571 at concentrations of 10(-6) M or higher almost completely abolished the SCF-dependent progeny generation from cord blood-derived cultured mast cells through an inhibition of the tyrosine phosphorylation of c-kit. The compound also suppressed the early phase of mast cell development. The extinction of mast cell growth induced by STI571 may be due largely to apoptosis according to the flow cytometric analysis and gel electrophoresis. Two-hour exposure to STI571 that failed to influence the total viable cell number suppressed adhesion of the cells to fibronectin in the presence of SCF without altering the expressions of integrin molecules. Our results may provide a fundamental insight for the clinical application of STI571 in allergic disorders.
Challenges to a Cure for HBV Infection (2017)

Abstract Current first-choice treatments for chronic hepatitis B are able to efficiently induce viral suppression in the majority of patients, but life-long therapy is needed to maintain infection under control due to their inability to eliminate the virus from infected hepatocytes. The residual viral replication and antigen production in most patients under treatment substantially contributes to the residual risk of hepatocarcinogenesis. New therapeutic approaches are needed to overcome hepatitis B virus persistence in the infected cells, or at least to control its transcriptional and replicative activity. In this review, the authors discuss the key points of the viral life cycle and host immune responses that need to be addressed to achieve a “functional cure,” or even a “complete cure,” allowing a finite duration of treatment and preventing virus reactivation and liver disease progression in a significantly higher number of patients than what is currently attained.
Amphiphilic Peptide with Dual Functionality Resists Biofouling (2020)

Biofouling, the accumulation of organisms on surfaces, can lead to several undesirable phenomena, including hospital-acquired infections, blockage of water purification systems, and food contamination. The solution to the problem should be nontoxic and environmentally friendly, so that it could be applied on different surfaces and could come into contact with food, water, or human tissues. Peptides can provide such a solution, since they are biocompatible and biodegradable materials that can resist biofouling, either by preventing the attachment of organisms to the surface (antifouling) or by killing the bacteria (antimicrobial activity). This paper presents an amphiphilic peptide with antifouling, antimicrobial, and adhesive properties. The peptide adheres to titanium surfaces and inhibits the adhesion of both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria to surfaces. In addition, it reduces the growth of bacteria in solution. This peptide has both antifouling and antimicrobial properties, which could be useful in health care systems, food packaging, and other systems that suffer from biocontamination.
Atomic layer-by-layer deposition of h-BN(0001) on cobalt: a building block for spintronics and graphene electronics (2014)

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), low energy electron diffraction (LEED) and Raman measurements demonstrate that macroscopically continuous hexagonal BN(0001) (h-BN) multilayer layer films can be grown by atomic layer deposition on Co(0001) substrates. The growth procedure involves alternating exposures of BCl3 and NH3 at 550 K, followed by annealing in ultrahigh vacuum above 700 K to induce long-range order. XPS data demonstrate that the films have a consistent B:N atomic ratio of 1:1. LEED data show that the BN layers are azimuthally in registry, with an estimated domain size of ∼170 Å. The films are continuous over a macroscopic (1 cm × 1 cm) area as demonstrated by the fact that exposure of a h-BN(0001) bi-layer film to ambient at room temperature yields no observable Co oxidation, although some N oxidation is observed, and long range order is lost. The ability to grow large area, continuous multilayer BN films on Co, with atomic level control of film thickness, makes possible an array of magnetic tunnel junction and spin filter applications.
Bio-Interface on Freestanding Nanosheet of Microelectromechanical System Optical Interferometric Immunosensor for Label-Free Attomolar Prostate Cancer Marker Detection (2022)

Various biosensors that are based on microfabrication technology have been developed as point-of-care testing devices for disease screening. The Fabry-Pérot interferometric (FPI) surface-stress sensor was developed to improve detection sensitivity by performing label-free biomarker detection as a nanomechanical deflection of a freestanding membrane to adsorb the molecules. However, chemically functionalizing the freestanding nanosheet with excellent stress sensitivity for selective molecular detection may cause the surface chemical reaction to deteriorate the nanosheet quality. In this study, we developed a minimally invasive chemical functionalization technique to create a biosolid interface on the freestanding nanosheet of a microelectromechanical system optical interferometric surface-stress immunosensor. For receptor immobilization, glutaraldehyde cross-linking on the surface of the amino-functionalized parylene membrane reduced the shape variation of the freestanding nanosheet to 1/5-1/10 of the previous study and achieved a yield of 95%. In addition, the FPI surface-stress sensor demonstrated molecular selectivity and concentration dependence for prostate-specific antigen with a dynamic range of concentrations from 100 ag/mL to 1 µg/mL. In addition, the minimum limit of detection of the proposed sensor was 2,000,000 times lower than that of the conventional nanomechanical cantilevers.
Real time video overlays (2014)

We introduce a distributed augmented reality framework for aerial video which uses CPU/GPU acceleration to correct sensor metadata errors, create a geo-referenced scene model registered to the video, overlay important data, and stream to multiple web clients in order to improve situational awareness during real-time missions.
One-Electron Oxidation and Reduction Potentials of Nitroxide Antioxidants:  A Theoretical Study (2007)

High-level ab initio calculations have been used to determine the oxidation and reduction potentials of a large number of nitroxides including derivatives of piperidine, pyrrolidine, isoindoline, and azaphenalene, substituted with COOH, NH2, NH3+, OCH3, OH, and NO2 groups, with a view to (a) identifying a low-cost theoretical procedures for the determination of electrode potentials of nitroxides and (b) studying the effect of substituents on these systems. Accurate oxidation and reduction potentials to within 40 mV (3.9 kJ mol(-1)) of experimental values were found using G3(MP2)-RAD//B3-LYP/6-31G(d) gas-phase energies and PCM solvation calculations at the B3-LYP/6-31G(d) level. For larger systems, an ONIOM method in which G3(MP2)-RAD calculations for the core are combined with lower-cost RMP2/6-311+G(3df,2p) calculations for the full system, was able to approximate G3(MP2)-RAD values (to within 1.6 kJ mol(-1)) at a fraction of the computational cost. The overall ring structure has more effect on the electrode potentials than the inclusion of substituents. Azaphenalene derivatives display the lowest oxidation potentials and least negative reduction potentials and are thus the most promising target to function as antioxidants in biological systems. Piperidine and pyrrolidine derivatives have intermediate oxidation potentials but on average pyrrolidine derivatives display more negative reduction potentials. Isoindoline derivatives show higher oxidation potentials and more negative reduction potentials. Within a ring, the substituents have a relatively small effect with electron donating groups such as amino and hydroxy groups stabilizing the oxidized species and electron withdrawing groups such as carboxy groups stabilizing the reduced species, as expected.
Abstract 20503: Prevalence and Significance of Atrial Fibrillation in Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy (2017)

Background: Preliminary data suggest that Atrial Fibrillation (AFib) is common in patients with Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy (ARVC) and present at a younger age than in controls....
A million-cycle CMOS 256 K EEPROM (1987)

A single 5-V supply 256 K EEPROM (electrically erasable programmable read-only memory) was designed, manufactured, and tested. A recently developed double-poly n-well CMOS process with 1.25-/spl mu/m minimum feature size was successfully used to manufacture this part. Using this technology, a 54-/spl mu/m/SUP 2/ EEPROM cell has been realized. A novel autoredundant Q-cell concept used in the memory core combined with the very-high-endurance oxynitride dielectric provides the breakthrough needed to increase the endurance of the 256 K EEPROM up to one million write cycles. Descriptions of the internal timer, all relevant programming signals, the byte/page switch, the bit and byte latches, the sense amplifier, and the CMOS EE fuses give insight into the complexity of the peripheral circuits. The measured device performance and the chip architecture description are presented.
Tricycle Manipulation by Arms and Legs of Humanoid Robot based on Active and Passive Switching Control System (2016)

Humanoid robot has the potential to manipulate wide range of tools at daily life. Arms and legs of humanoid robot contribute this ability. Above all, manipulation tasks for vehicles which are the same size as a life-sized humanoid or larger size than it require the motion by both arms and legs of humanoid robot. In addition to the cooperative motion generator by arms and legs, it is also important for humanoid robot to stabilize self posture during driving vehicle. In this research, we focus on the arms-legs-integrated manipulation task for tricycle controlled by humanoid robot. We discuss and consider not only the control strategy for tricycle manipulation (handling and pedaling) but also the self stabilizing manipulation strategy by humanoid. This paper contributes active and passive switching control system for closed-loop dual-manipulators as common strategy. We show the experimental results for this proposed control system and demonstrate the tricycle manipulation skill by life-sized humanoid robot.
A measurement of the cross section for ionisation of helium by electron impact using a fast crossed beam technique (1984)

The cross section for single ionisation of ground state helium atoms by electron impact has been measured over the energy range from threshold to 750 eV using a crossed electron-fast atom beam technique. The absolute value of the measured cross section is estimated to be accurate to within about +or-6% at a 90% confidence level. Ionisation contributions from excited atoms are negligible. These data are in excellent agreement with those of Rapp and Englander-Golden (1965) who applied the electron beam-static-gas target technique. The mean of these two cross sections is recommended as the best data currently available for ionisation of helium. The experimental procedure is fully described and a detailed assessment is made of the experimental errors.
pH-Induced formation of metalloligand: increasing structure dimensionality by tuning number of ligand functional sites (2007)

Two complexes, 2D [Cu(2)(CN)(2)(4-Hpcih)](n) and 3D [[Cu(2)(CN)(1.5)(4-pcih)].1.25H(2)O](n) (4-Hpcih = 4-pyridinecarbaldehyde isonicotinoyl hydrazone), were obtained using a synthetic approach of pH-induced formation of metalloligands, successfully demonstrating a strategy to increase structure dimensionality by tuning the number of ligand functional sites.
Comparison of thermal comfort performance of two different types of road vehicle climate control systems (2007)

The performance of climate control systems in vehicles becomes more and more important, especially against the background of the important relationship between compartment climate and driver mental condition and, thus, traffic safety. The performance of two different types of climate control systems, an un-air-conditioned heating/cooling device (VW) and an air-conditioning climate control unit (BMW), is compared using modern and practical evaluation techniques quantifying both the dynamic 3-D temperature distribution and the local air refreshment rate. Both systems suffer from considerable temperature gradients: temperature gradients in the U-AC (VW) car up to 8-9 degrees C are encountered, while the AC (BMW) delivers clear improvement resulting in temperature gradients of 5-6 degrees C. The experiments clearly demonstrate the effect of the presence of even a single passenger on the thermal regime, increasing the existing thermal discrepancies in the compartment with 15% independent of ventilation rate. Furthermore, in terms of air refreshment rates in the vehicle compartment, an air-conditioning unit halves the air refreshment time at all positions in the vehicle cabin, delivering a significant improvement in terms of human comfort. Similarly, extra air inlets in the back compartment of a car deliver progress in terms of cabin refreshment rate (93 s down to 50 s).
Video stabilization method corresponding to various imagery for geostationary optical Earth observation satellite (2021)

In geostationary Earth observation satellite system with high-resolution optical system under conceptual study phase developed by Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), one of its main products for users is a video with one fps captured by the telescope and the optical sensor; however, there have been few examples of satellite video with high-rate fps, especially in geostationary satellite. A satellite video has instability of the video sequences caused by an undesired disturbance of the satellite. In this study, we propose the video stabilization method corresponding to various satellite imagery characteristics, using feature point matching and bundle adjustment with eliminating outliers by using RANdom SAmple Consensus (RANSAC). Moreover, we adopt a polynomial approximation to smooth global motions of all video frames. We demonstrate the video stabilization using the experimental video captured by the helicopter. Moreover, the performance test result shows that the proposed method can stabilize the satellite video less than one pixel accuracy. In addition, we discuss various issues specific to a satellite imagery, for example, moving cloud.
Structure/function relationships in the inhibition of thimet oligopeptidase by carboxyphenylpropyl‐peptides (1991)

Some novel N-[1(RS)-carboxy-3-phenylpropyl]tripeptide p-aminobenzoates have been synthesised as inhibitors of thimet oligopeptidase (EC 3.4.24.15). These compounds are considered to bind as substrate analogues with the Cpp group in S1 and the peptide portion in the S' sites. The most potent inhibitor is Cpp-Ala-Pro-Phe-pAb, which has a Ki = 7 nM. Substitution of Gly for Ala at P1' leads to weaker binding which can be ascribed to increased rotational freedom. Good substrates often have Pro at P2' and Pro is favoured over Ala at this position in the inhibitors, too. When P2' is Pro, Phe is preferred over Tyr and Trp in P3'. The p-aminobenzoate group makes an important contribution to the binding, probably by forming a salt bridge, and removal of the C-terminal negative charge results in much less potent inhibitors.
HEIDL: Learning Linguistic Expressions with Deep Learning and Human-in-the-Loop (2019)

While the role of humans is increasingly recognized in machine learning community, representation of and interaction with models in current human-in-the-loop machine learning (HITL-ML) approaches are too low-level and far-removed from human's conceptual models. We demonstrate HEIDL, a prototype HITL-ML system that exposes the machine-learned model through high-level, explainable linguistic expressions formed of predicates representing semantic structure of text. In HEIDL, human's role is elevated from simply evaluating model predictions to interpreting and even updating the model logic directly by enabling interaction with rule predicates themselves. Raising the currency of interaction to such semantic levels calls for new interaction paradigms between humans and machines that result in improved productivity for text analytics model development process. Moreover, by involving humans in the process, the human-machine co-created models generalize better to unseen data as domain experts are able to instill their expertise by extrapolating from what has been learned by automated algorithms from few labelled data.
Intrinsic Mechanism for Anisotropic Magnetoresistance and Experimental Confirmation in CoxFe1−x Single-Crystal Films (2020)

Using first-principles transport calculations, we predict that the anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) of single-crystal Co_{x}Fe_{1-x} alloys is strongly dependent on the current orientation and alloy concentration. An intrinsic mechanism for AMR is found to arise from the band crossing due to magnetization-dependent symmetry protection. These special k points can be shifted towards or away from the Fermi energy by varying the alloy composition and hence the exchange splitting, thus allowing AMR tunability. The prediction is confirmed by delicate transport measurements, which further reveal a reciprocal relationship of the longitudinal and transverse resistivities along different crystal axes.