gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hardening by Annealing and Implementation of High Ductility of Ultra-Fine Grained Aluminum: Experiment and Theory (2018)

Abstract The influence of low temperature annealing and subsequent deformation on microstructure, strength and ductility was investigated for the first time for high pressure torsion (HPT) processed commercially pure Al. Extremely high increases in the conventional yield stress (up to 50%) and ultimate tensile strength (up to 30%) were obtained by annealing of the ultrafine grained (UFG) samples in the range 90-200 °C for 1 h. Such increases were accompanied by a sharp drop in ductility up to 1%. Implementation of high ductility at the level of coarse-grained Al, while maintaining high strength of the HPT-processed sample was demonstrated for the first time and achieved by repeating the low temperature annealing followed by subsequent additional HPT deformation. The key role of relaxation of non-equilibrium high-angle grain boundaries (GBs) in the strengthening effect of UFG-Al by annealing is shown. Two theoretical models are suggested to explain the hardening by annealing and the implementation of high ductility in UFG structures. Within the models, plastic deformation occurs through emission of lattice dislocations from triple junctions of GBs containing pile-ups of grain-boundary dislocations, glide of the lattice dislocations across neighboring grains, their accumulation at and climb along the opposite GBs. The energy characteristics and the critical stresses of dislocation emission are determined in two different cases, for UFG Al subjected to annealing only and to annealing with subsequent additional HPT deformation. The calculated theoretical dependences of the flow stress on the plastic deformation value well fit qualitatively and quantitatively to our experimental data.
Formation and Characterization of Polyglutamate Core−Shell Microspheres (2006)

The need for organ-targeted delivery of drugs and imaging agents creates an interest in biocompatible, biodegradable vesicles. We make protein microspheres using high-intensity ultrasound; these microspheres have a protein shell and a hydrophobic interior, making them ideal for delivering hydrophobic materials. We have previously shown that various proteins, e.g., bovine serum albumin (BSA), form a microsphere shell stabilized by interprotein cross-linking of cysteine residues. In this study, polyglutamate was used to form core-shell microspheres at slightly basic pH using sonication. These particles are smaller than our previous protein microspheres and are stable under conditions encountered in vivo. The stability of polyglutamate microspheres appears to be due to hydrogen bonding networks and not covalent cross-linking.
Insulin Increases Reendothelialization and Inhibits Cell Migration and Neointimal Growth After Arterial Injury (2009)

These results are the first demonstration that insulin has a protective effect on both SMC and endothelium in vivo, resulting in inhibition of neointimal growth after vessel injury.
Thermodynamic Theory and Experimental Validation of a Multiphase Isochoric Freezing Process (2019)

Freezing of the aqueous solutions that comprise biological materials, such as isotonic physiological saline, results in the formation of ice crystals and the generation of a hypertonic solution, both of which prove deleterious to biological matter. The field of modern cryopreservation, or preservation of biological matter at subfreezing temperatures, emerged from the 1948 discovery that certain chemical additives such as glycerol, known as cryoprotectants, can protect cells from freeze-related damage by depressing the freezing point of water in solution. This gave rise to a slew of important medical applications, from the preservation of sperm and blood cells to the recent preservation of an entire liver, and current cryopreservation protocols thus rely heavily on the use of additive cryoprotectants. However, high concentrations of cryoprotectants themselves prove toxic to cells, and thus there is an ongoing effort to minimize cryoprotectant usage while maintaining protection from ice-related damage. Herein, we conceive from first principles a new, purely thermodynamic method to eliminate ice formation and hypertonicity during the freezing of a physiological solution: multiphase isochoric freezing. We develop a comprehensive thermodynamic model to predict the equilibrium behaviors of multiphase isochoric systems of arbitrary composition and validate these concepts experimentally in a simple device with no moving parts, providing a baseline from which to design tailored cryopreservation protocols using the multiphase isochoric technique.
Towards complete stereochemical control: complementary methods for the synthesis of six diastereoisomeric monosaccharide mimetics (2002)

Complementary methods for the synthesis of diastereomeric monosaccharide mimetics are described which rely on the functionalisation of derivatives of 2-butyl-6-methoxy-2,6-dihydropyran-3-one. The stereochemical outcome of dihydroxylation of these derivatives under Upjohn's and Donohoe's (directed) reaction conditions are described. The hydrolyses of diastereomeric 2-butyl-4,5-epoxy-3-hydroxy-6-methoxytetrahydropyrans, generated either by epoxidation with perbenzimidic acid or by cyclisation of the corresponding hydroxy iodides, are described in detail. These methods have enabled stereoselective syntheses of six of a possible eight (ignoring anomers) diastereoisomers of 3,4,5-triacetoxy-2-butyl-6-methoxytetrahydropyran. The power of the general approach lies in the ability to choose at a late stage in the synthesis which diastereoisomer is prepared.
LQG/LIR controller with fault detection method based on genetic algorithms (2005)

This paper presents a method for tuning Linear Quadratic Gaussian/Loop-Transfer Recovery (LQG/LTR) controller combined with a fault detection and isolation (FDI) filter design, which is applied and tested for F-16 aircraft by simulation. LQG/LTR controller is adjusted for design specifications, aided with a procedure where genetic algorithms are used for parameters tuning. The FDI filter is based on robust residual generator design via multi-objective optimization and genetic algorithms (MOO-GA), and it is made sensitive to roll and sideslip sensors. A systematic design procedure is proposed composed with two phases for LQG/LTR controller and for FDI respectively, by means of which design specifications are satisfied.
Exercise‐Induced Protection Against Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases (2015)

With increasing life expectancy, age-related neurodegenerative disorders are dramatically becoming more prevalent and represent one of the major health problems in our society. In fact, aging is accompanied by structural and neurophysiological alterations in the brain, leading to variable degrees of cognitive decline associated with neurodegenerative diseases. Regular physical exercise is indicated as an important strategy to mitigate brain aging and neurodegenerative impairments. It is suggested that the beneficial effects resulting from increased physical activity occur at different levels of cellular organization, mitochondria being preferential target organelles. Proposed mechanisms to explain the protective effects of exercise are mediated, at least partially, by redox alterations including the improvement of mitochondrial antioxidant capacity and the regulation of signaling events associated with apoptosis. The present review analyses the role of physical exercise, performed both during pregnancy and throughout the entire life, on brain mitochondrial function of the offspring and against the impairments accompanying aging and neurodegenerative diseases. It also discusses some biochemical and functional data illustrating the cross-tolerance effect of exercise against many conditions predisposing to brain and cognitive dysfunction.
Linear algebra algorithms in a heterogeneous cluster of personal computers (2002)

Cluster computing is presently a major research area, mostly for high performance computing. The work presented refers to the application of cluster computing in a small scale where a virtual machine is composed of a small number of off-the-self-personal computers connected by a low cost network. A methodology to determine the optimal number of processors to be used in a computation is presented as well as the speedup results obtained for the matrix-matrix multiplication and for the symmetric QR algorithm for eigenvector computation which are significant building blocks for applications in the target image processing and analysis domain. The load balancing strategy is also addressed.
Optimal modulation and filter design to increase efficiency at partial loads (2015)

The main goal of this presentation is to provide a new method for designing the filter stage and the modulation of a low-switching frequency 3L-NPC power converter. Efficiency of the conversion stage is a key issue in windpower and so, a reduction in the losses of the power converter and the filter stage is always desirable. Reducing the losses in the conversion stage has traditionally been against the fulfilment of the harmonic emission limits.
Omnidirectional dual-reflector antennas for high directivity over wideband in millimeter waves (2017)

This work presents a study of the electromagnetic performance of classical and shaped omnidirectional dual-reflector antennas in millimeter waves. An algorithms based on the concatenation of conic sections has been used to synthesize sub- and main-reflectors in order to provide a uniform phase and amplitude aperture distributions. The frequency analysis is focused on antenna radiation patterns across a 20% bandwidth, in order to establish band limits for omnidirectional dual-reflector antennas. The rigorous electromagnetic analysis was accomplished by a hybrid technique based on Mode Matching and Method of Moments.
Protective effects of microRNA‐22‐3p against retinal pigment epithelial inflammatory damage by targeting NLRP3 inflammasome (2019)

NLRP3, as a crucial inflammasome component, plays important roles in age-related macular degeneration. Though some activators of NLRP3 have been studied, microRNAs (miRNAs) which potentially regulate NLRP3 messenger RNA (mRNA) have not been fully explored in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells and retinopathy. In this study, by miRNA microarray proﬁling and bioinformatic analysis, we identified that four miRNAs, miR-4286, miR-223-3p, miR-365a, miR-22-3p, may target NLRP3 mRNA in RPE inflammatory damage in vivo. Further, real-time polymerase chain reaction verified that only miR-22-3p was significantly decreased, which was associated with NLRP3 upregulation in blue-light-induced retinopathy. Mechanistically, the dual-fluorescent reporter suggested miR-22-3p directly binds NLRP3 mRNA. Moreover, overexpression of miR-22-3p could significantly reduce whereas inhibition miR-22-3p could increase the mRNA and protein expressions of NLRP3, Caspase-1, and mature IL-1β. Collectively, our results indicate that miR-22-3p plays a suppressive role in RPE damage by targeting NLRP3, which provides new insights into the future intervention to retinopathy.
정신장애인 직업재활시설의 발전사례분석 -사회자본이론을 중심으로- (2007)

본 연구는 장애인직업재활시설의 우수 사례의 분석을 통해 시설의 발전을 위한 전략적 방안을 모색하기 위해 실시되었다. 장애인근로자의 개별적 속성을 중심으로 한 기존 연구의 한계를 극복하기 위하여 사회자본이론에 근거하여 연구대상조직의 전체 시장에서의 구조적 연결망 및 판매연결망의 특성 그리고 시설 내부의 근로자 연결망을 분석하고 질적 연구방법을 병행하였다. 연구결과를 요약하면, 첫째 연구대상조직은 일반적으로 시장 연결망의 변방에 위치한 임가공업체가 아니라 원청업체의 위치를 가지고 있어 생산품의 부가가치를 스스로 높일 수 있는 시장권력을 있었다. 둘째, 연구대상조직의 판매망 구조에서는 장애인생산품 우선발주제와 같은 제도적 지원을 매우 효과적으로 활용함으로써 장애인보호작업시설의 시장에서의 취약점인 마케팅 활동을 적절하게 보완하고 있었다. 셋째, 상품의 생산과정과 납품과정에서 장애인근로자들이 구조적으로 수평적 위치에 있어 생산과정이 소수의 직업재활교사에 의존되어 있지 않다는 것이다.
Video Retrieval Method Using a Sequence of Representative Images in a Scene (1994)

We describe a new method that can quickly search an entire video. This method is used to first detect every shot change of a target video in real time. Then unique frame sequence features at the shot changes are found. The method we have developed and described enables realtime scene retrieval. It may also be an appropriate basis for an information filter that automatically selects appropriate videos or scenes among newly input video. 1.
The nucleation of inosine: the impact of solution chemistry on the appearance of polymorphic and hydrated crystal forms (2007)

This contribution concerns the issue of crystal nucleation in the polymorphic and hydrate forming system inosine-water. A combination of computational and experimental tools have been used to explore the relationship between solution phase inosine species and the structural synthons as found in its crystal structures. It is evident that the initial nucleation of a metastable polymorph at temperatures above 10 degrees C is directed by dimeric self-association as revealed through proton NMR. At lower temperatures a dihydrate structure becomes the most stable solid phase and in this region of the phase diagram this is the only form that appears even though the solution species remain unchanged. This can only be rationalised in terms of a combination of water binding to the solution dimers and the thermodynamic stability of the hydrate crystal structure.
Memory and transduction prospects for silicon T centre devices (2022)

The T centre, a silicon-native spin-photon interface with telecommunications-band optical transitions and long-lived microwave qubits, offers an appealing new platform for both optical quantum memory and microwave to optical telecommunications band transduction. A wide range of quantum memory and transduction schemes could be implemented on such a platform, with advantages and disadvantages that depend sensitively on the ensemble properties. In this work we characterize T centre spin ensembles to inform device design. We perform the first T ensemble optical depth measurement and calculate the improvement in centre density or resonant optical enhancement required for efficient optical quantum memory. We further demonstrate a coherent microwave interface by coherent population trapping (CPT) and Autler-Townes splitting (ATS). We then determine the most promising microwave and optical quantum memory protocol for such ensembles. By estimating the memory efficiency both in free-space and in the presence of a cavity, we show that efficient optical memory is possible with forecast densities. Finally, we formulate a transduction proposal and discuss the achievable efficiency and fidelity.
Solubility Measurements of High Pressure CO2 into Polystyrene by Quartz Crystal Microbalance. (1997)

In this paper, the ability of quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) was considered about in situ measurement in high pressure fluid. Solubility and adsorption of high pressure carbon dioxide (CO2) to polystyrene (PS) were measured using a QCM as a detector at pressures up to 17 MPa at 313. 2 K. The solubility and surface adsorption of CO2 increased almost linearly against activity of CO2. And it was found that the present method could be applied to higher pressure range than any other methods. The activity plot of solubility at various temperatures fell into one universal line. This may be very important because it suggests the possibility of obtaining the solubility at any temperature from only one measurement.
Dynamic Behaviors of DNA Molecules in Solution Studied by Fluorescence Microscopy (1983)

Fundamental knowledge about the dynamic aspects of DNA structures is very incomplete. For instance, in the simplest system of bacteriophages, we do not know accurately how a DNA molecule is packaged into the phage head. Although Escherichia coli is the most-studied organism, our knowledge about the folding of its chromosomal DNA and its change during cell cycle is meager. Far less is known about the molecular mechanisms of chromosome condensation in mitosis and in meiosis.
Gene expression signature predicts relapse in adult patients with cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia (2021)

Although ∼80% of adult patients with cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia (CN-AML) achieve a complete remission (CR), more than half of them relapse. Better identification of patients who are likely to relapse can help to inform clinical decisions. We performed RNA sequencing on pretreatment samples from 268 adults with de novo CN-AML who were younger than 60 years of age and achieved a CR after induction treatment with standard "7+3" chemotherapy. After filtering for genes whose expressions were associated with gene mutations known to impact outcome (ie, CEBPA, NPM1, and FLT3-internal tandem duplication [FLT3-ITD]), we identified a 10-gene signature that was strongly predictive of patient relapse (area under the receiver operating characteristics curve [AUC], 0.81). The signature consisted of 7 coding genes (GAS6, PSD3, PLCB4, DEXI, JMY, NRP1, C10orf55) and 3 long noncoding RNAs. In multivariable analysis, the 10-gene signature was strongly associated with relapse (P < .001), after adjustment for the FLT3-ITD, CEBPA, and NPM1 mutational status. Validation of the expression signature in an independent patient set from The Cancer Genome Atlas showed the signature's strong predictive value, with AUC = 0.78. Implementation of the 10-gene signature into clinical prognostic stratification could be useful for identifying patients who are likely to relapse.
High-Speed Compact Silicon Nanocavity Modulator with Transparent Conductive Oxide Gate (2019)

We experimentally demonstrate an ultra-compact transparent conductive oxide gated silicon photonic crystal nanocavity electro-optical modulator with 2.5GHz operation speed. Digital modulation is measured up to 5Gbps with 2V voltage swing and 11fJ/bit energy efficiency.
Room-Temperature and Solution-State Observation of the Mixed-Valence Cation Radical Dimer of Tetrathiafulvalene, [(TTF)2]+•, within a Self-Assembled Cage (2005)

A mixed-valence state of the cation radical tetrathiafulvalene dimer, [(TTF)2]+*, is generated by the electrochemical oxidation of a stacked TTF dimer accommodated within an organic-pillared coordination cage. This mixed-valence species is remarkably stable (t1/2 = approximately 1 day at room temperature in aqueous solution under air) and clearly characterized by cyclic voltammogram and electronic absorption spectroscopy.
Biosynthetic studies of marine lipids. 17. The course of chain elongation and desaturation in long-chain fatty acids of marine sponges (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBiosynthetic studies of marine lipids. 17. The course of chain elongation and desaturation in long-chain fatty acids of marine spongesSoonkap. Hahn, Ivan L. Stoilov, T. B. Tam. Ha, Daniel. Raederstorff, George A. Doss, Hui Ting. Li, and Carl. DjerassiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 24, 8117–8124Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00232a025https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00232a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views500Altmetric-Citations57LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Event Package for Communication Diversion Information (2008)

This draft defines a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Event
Notification Framework-based mechanism for notifying Users about
diversions (re-directions or forwarding) of their incoming
communication sessions. A new event package is proposed for allowing
users to subscribe for and receive such notifications. Users have
further capability to define filters controlling the selection, rate
and content of such notifications. The applicability of this event
package includes 3GPP IMS.
Ultrasound Based Wrist Intent Recognition Method for Robotic-Assisted Stroke Rehabilitation (2020)

Rehabilitation is the most effective procedure for the stroke patients to regain their physical skills and improve activities of daily living. Recovering upper limb function after stroke requires intensive rehabilitation under the guidance of physical therapists, a costly and protracted process. Rehabilitation protocols that can be performed using robotic systems remotely at home with minimal assistance would decrease the cost of rehabilitation while reducing recovery time. Exoskeleton based robotic-assisted rehabilitation devices that can deliver high-intensity high-frequency training have been recently introduced. Such systems can be used independently without supervision of physical therapist, utilizes actuators and kinematic sensors to improve voluntary wrist movement of the stroke survivor while interacting with a goal-oriented interface. Although it has been clinically shown to improve functional abilities, motivation, and commitment to the rehabilitation programs, it requires users to have some degree of voluntary movement on their upper limb. This limits severely impaired stroke survivors who have very limited or even no motion on their limbs to benefit from these robotic-assisted systems. In this study, we present an ultrasound imaging-based method which can augment rehabilitation assistance capabilities of robotic systems by providing continuous motion intent recognition of the wrist. We implemented a recurrent neural network-based model which classifies extension, flexion and no movement wrist sequences with 87.10% accuracy.
Dyna-MLAC: Trading Computational and Sample Complexities in Actor-Critic Reinforcement Learning (2015)

Sampling and computation budgets are two of the key elements that determine the performance of a reinforcement learning algorithm. In essence, any reinforcement learning agent must sample the environment and perform some computation over the samples to decide its best action. Although very fundamental, the trade-off between sampling and computation is still not well understood. In this paper, we explore this trade-off in an actor-critic perspective. First, we propose a new RL algorithm, Dyna-MLAC, which uses model-based actor-critic updates (MLAC) within the Dyna framework. Then, we numerically indicate that the convergence time of Dyna-MLAC is smaller than pre-existing solutions, and that Dyna-MLAC allows to efficiently trade number of samples and computation time.
Cognitive changes as early signs of HIV infection (1988)

Neuropsychological examination was performed on 13 patients and 10 matched controls to assess the brain involvement of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. HIV-infected patients showed a significant decline in visuomotor, visuoconstructive and practical abilities as well as in motor-free visuospatial performance and repeating a long sentence. These findings could not be explained by the concomitant mental depression of these patients. Neither were they associated with any particular stage of HIV infection. The results suggest that mild cognitive changes may be detected even in the early stages of HIV infection, when examined by appropriate neuropsychological methods.