gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Supported Transition Metal Oxide Catalysts by the Designed Deposition of Acetylacetonate Complexes (1999)

The molecular designed dispersion method is used to prepare supported transition metal oxide catalysts (Mo, Cu, V). The corresponding transition metal acetylacetonate complexes were reacted with silica or alumina, and subsequently thermally converted into the supported metal oxide. The deposition of these acetylacetonate complexes depends on the geometry and stability of the complex, the support properties and the synthesis procedure. By thorough control of the reaction parameters, this novel synthesis method enables the creation of uniform and highly dispersed supported transition metal oxides. Therefore, the molecular designed dispersion method plays an important role in the development of a new generation of catalysts. This paper is forwarded to the special issue of the Langmuir journal, devoted to the ISSHAC-3 symposium.
Detection of an embolized central venous catheter fragment with endobronchial ultrasound (2016)

An 84-year-old woman underwent Convex-probe Endobronchial Ultrasound (CP-EBUS) for <sup>18</sup> F-fluorodeoxyglucose avid subcarinal lymphadenopathy on Positron Emission Tomogram (PET) scan. Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration of the subcarinal lymph node revealed squamous cell lung carcinoma. A small hyperechoic rounded density was noted inside the lumen of the azygous vein. Based on chest computed tomography findings and her clinical history, this was felt to be a broken fragment of a peripherally inserted central catheter, which was placed for intravenous antibiotics, a few months prior to this presentation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first ever CP-EBUS description of a broken fragment of central venous catheter.
Cooperative Relaying Using OFDM in the Presence of Frequency Offsets (2010)

We study the performance of cooperative relaying using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) in the presence of frequency offsets due to Doppler shifts and oscillator instabilities. Through this study, several aspects of transmitter and receiver design, including channel coding, subcarrier mapping and channel estimation are brought to light. We develop two linear front-end receiver architectures based on practical single-user OFDM receivers, and demonstrate the performance using simulations under quasi-static multipath fading channel conditions.
Phosphine‐Catalyzed [3+2] and [4+3] Annulation Reactions of C,N‐Cyclic Azomethine Imines with Allenoates (2012)

Phosphine-catalyzed [3+2] and [4+3]annulation reactions of C,N-cyclic azomethine imines with allenoates have been developed to give a variety of pharmaceutically attractive tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives in moderate to excellent yields. The two distinct reaction pathways, [3+2] and [4+3]cyclization, depend on the nature of the nucleophilic phosphine and the allenoate. Generally, for α-alkylallenoates, the reactions always proceed with [3 +2]cyclization as the major pathway no matter what phosphine was used; for α-ArCH<sub>2</sub>-substituted allenoates, the reaction pathway was controlled by the phosphine catalyst used.
Adaptively secure multi-party computation (1996)

A fundamental problem in designing secure multi-party protocols is how to deal with adaptive adversaries (i.e., adversaries that may choose the corrupted parties during the course of the computation), in a setting where the channels are insecure and secure communication is achieved by cryptographic primitives based on the computational limitations of the adversary.
Statin effects beyond lipid lowering—are they clinically relevant? (2003)

Currently, five different statins (simvastatin,pravastatin, lovastatin, fluvastatin, and atorvastatin) are approved for treatment of hypercholesterolemia in humans and two new compounds (rosuvastatin and NK-104) are under investigation.1,2 Despite differences in their pharmacokinetic profiles, all statins have at least onecharacteristic in common: they block the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonic acid with consecutive attenuation of the biosynthesis of cholesterol (Fig. 1), which is associated with a reduction in serum total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol of as much as 20–31 and 28–42% during chronic treatment.3 Because of these properties, statins have become the most widely prescribed lipid-lowering drugs in patients with elevatedserum cholesterol levels. Several large trialsdemonstrated that statins are not only safe and well tolerated but also significantly decrease cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in hypercholesterolemic patients in both primary and secondary prevention.4–8 However, the striking benefit achieved with statin treatment in patients with a wide range of cholesterol levels, which cannot be attributed to their cholesterol lowering effect alone, has raised the question about the possible presence of additional effects of statins beyond their impact on serum cholesterol levels. Indeed, in recent years a substantial quantity of data has accumulated showing that statins exert variouseffects on multiple targets, which are independent of their plasma cholesterol lowering properties.



Fig. 1 
The effect of statins on the mevalonate pathway. Statins inhibit conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate by competitive inhibition of the rate limiting enzyme HMG-CoA reductase. Herewith, statins not only inhibit the cellular production of cholesterol but also the biosynthesis of several intermediates of the mevalonate pathway (e.g. farnesylpyrophosphate and geranylgeranylpyrophosphate). These so-called isoprenoids are essential for the posttranslational modification of several proteins involved in important intracellular signaling pathways (e.g. the small GTP-binding proteins Ras and Rho).



Many of these so-called pleiotropic effects have been shown to be secondary to the …
Fabrication of high-temperature superconducting Josephson junctions on substrates patterned by focused ion beam (1998)

High aspect ratio trenches were patterned on (100) LaAlO3 substrates by focused ion-beam milling prior to film deposition. Subsequent YBCO films deposited by pulsed laser deposition were found to break naturally across these trenches. In situ Au was then deposited to connect the separated YBCO electrodes. Junctions were then patterned across the trenches to form a superconductor/normal/superconductor configuration. The resistively shunted junctions exhibited supercurrents up to 86 K. Under microwave irradiation, the junctions exhibited a number of clear Shapiro steps in the I–V characteristics. The transverse magnetic-field diffraction pattern indicted uniform current distribution across the junction.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Access to Fluorinated Aryl and Vinyl Ethers Through Copper‐Catalyzed Reaction of Fluoro Alcohols. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The E2 transcriptional repressor can compensate for Sp1 activation of the human papillomavirus type 18 early promoter (1994)

The E6/E7 early promoter (P105) of genital human papillomavirus type 18 contains binding sites for the viral regulator E2, tandemly repeated and closely flanked by two crucial promoter elements; the TATA box downstream and an Sp1 binding site upstream. We showed that binding of purified E2 and Sp1 proteins in vitro to their neighboring sites is mutually exclusive and that Sp1 is displaced by E2. However, this displacement did not result in repression of P105 transcription. In contrast, binding of E2 to its site overlapping the Sp1 binding site activated transcription of P105 derivatives lacking the E2 site most proximal to the TATA box. Surprisingly, a truncated form of E2, deleted of part of the transactivation domain and known as the E2 transcriptional repressor, as well as the E2 DNA-binding domain alone also supported transcription of these P105 derivatives. In the context of P105, the viral E2 protein can thus activate P105 transcription in place of Sp1, even in the absence of its transactivation domain.
Results and prognostic factors after resection of pulmonary metastases (1988)

One hundred and fifty-nine thoracotomies were performed in 122 patients with pulmonary metastases. The patients' ages ranged from 2 to 76 years, and 13 patients were younger than 18 years. The primary tumour was carcinoma in 83 cases, sarcoma in 29 cases and melanoma in 10 cases. The primary tumour in children was osteogenic sarcoma (6 patients), Ewing's sarcoma (2 patients) and Wilms' tumour (2 patients). With a minimum follow-up of 2 years, an actuarial 5-year survival rate of 38% was observed for carcinoma and 28% for sarcoma. Four of the children survived disease-free for 3 years or more after pulmonary metastasectomy. The primary tumour in these cases was osteogenic sarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma. A statistically significant difference in survival was found between the groups of carcinoma and sarcoma, but the prognosis for melanoma patients was markedly worse. In carcinoma patients the main prognostic factor was the duration of the disease-free interval. The actuarial postthoracotomy survival in patients with osteogenic sarcomas was 31% at 5 years, and 18% at 5 years in soft-tissue sarcomas. The size of the lesions, activity and disease-free interval correlated with survival in the osteogenic sarcoma group, and the number of lesions in the soft-tissue sarcoma group. An aggressive surgical approach towards pulmonary metastatic disease thus appears to be justified.
The dye-linked alcohol dehydrogenase of Rhodopseudomonas acidophila. Comparison with dye-linked methanol dehydrogenases (1978)

1. A dye-linked alcohol dehydrogenase was purified 20-fold from extracts of Rhodopseudomonas acidophila 10050 grown anaerobically in the light on methanol/HCO3-. 2. The enzyme resembled many previously reported methanol dehydrogenases from other methylotrophic organisms in coupling to phenazine methosulphate, requiring ammonia as an activator, possessing a pH optimum of 9 and a mol.wt. of approx. 116000. In many other respects the enzyme showed singular properties. 3. The stability of the enzyme under various conditions of temperature and pH was studied. 4. Primary aliphatic amines containing up to nine carbon atoms (the longest tested) were better activators than ammonia. 5. A wide range of primary alcohols and aldehydes served as substrates, with apparent Km values ranging from 57 mM for methanol to 6 micron for ethanol. 6. O2 was an inhibitor competitive with respect to the alcohol substrate. In the presence of O2, apparent Km values of 145 mM were recorded for methanol. 6. Cyanide and alphaalpha'-bipyridine were inhibitors competitive with respect to the amine activator. 7. The properties of the enzyme from Rhodopseudomonas acidophila are compared with those of similar enzymes from other organisms, and implications of the salient differences are discussed.
Reduced noise, ionosphere-free carrier smoothed code (2008)

A new three-carrier smoothing method for Galileo signals is described. It provides a smoothed-code solution, which is ionosphere free to the first order and whose noise is reduced to subdecimeter level. The method involves integer ambiguities, which can be resolved reliably. The sensitivity of the new method to receiver biases and ionospheric delays of the second order is small. The performance of the three-carrier smoothing method reduces the averaging interval to 1/5th of its current standard value. The results refer to pseudo-ranges and are geometry independent.
A health statistic for length of stay by reporting period. (1997)

Managers of long-term care organizations lack usable information about patterns of stay, because the time spent by residents typically exceeds the length of reporting and reimbursement periods. Formulas for estimating lengths of stay often yield unstable estimates of long-term stays. Consequently, little insight is gained into changes that may be occurring in stay patterns as the organization adapts its service processes to shifts in markets. An alternative length of stay statistic is proposed from which patterns of stay can be more clearly discerned. Examples utilizing both simulated and field data are presented to highlight the advantages associated with the new statistic.
Diagnostic Value of Event-Related Evoked Potentials N200 and P300 Subcomponents in Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment (2007)

Event-related potentials (ERPs) have a large application in the evaluation of cognitive processes, particularly in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical relevance of event-related evoked potentials (N2 and P3 subcomponents) in early diagnosis of AD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). We prospectively studied 60 subjects. They all underwent the following investigations: neurologic and neuropsychological examination; functional evaluation, i.e., ERPs; cerebral imagery (morphologic and functional). Subjects were classified into 3 groups: group 1: 30 dementia of Alzheimer type (NINCDS-ADRDA, DSM-IV criteria); group 2: 20 MCI; and group 3: 10 control subjects. ERPs were significantly different between the groups (AD, MCI, control subjects), with a marked increase of P3 latencies, particularly when compared with N2 latencies (P < 0.0001). Furthermore, sensitivity was 87% to 95% for the differentiation of AD patients from MCI and control subjects, using prolonged P3 latencies (specificity, 90% to 95%), whereas using N2 prolonged latencies, sensitivity was 70% to 75% (specificity, 70% to 90%). Moreover, in the MCI group, N2 latencies strongly discriminated MCI from control subjects, with 90% sensitivity and 70% specificity and correctly categorized 80% of MCI subjects against 73% for P3. The abnormalities of N2 and P3 components may be linked, in AD and MCI, to an alteration of automatic and controlled attention processing.
Can the Infection Rate be Reduced in Patients Who Have Implantation of a Sacral Nerve Stimulator for Fecal Incontinence? (2016)

Carvalho e Carvalho, Maria Emilia MD; Hull, Tracy L. MD, FACS; Zutshi, Massarat MBBS, FACS; Gurland, Brooke H. MD, FACS Author Information
Supplementary Data from The Lipogenic Regulator SREBP2 Induces Transferrin in Circulating Melanoma Cells and Suppresses Ferroptosis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Information&lt;/p&gt;
Macronodular adrenal hyperplasia in Cushing disease. (1988)

Computed tomographic (CT) scans of the adrenal glands were obtained in nine patients with Cushing disease as a result of an adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-secreting pituitary adenoma and macronodular hyperplasia of the adrenal glands. The findings were compared retrospectively with those in six patients with Cushing syndrome as a result of an autonomous adrenal adenoma and 16 with Cushing syndrome as a result of ectopic ACTH production. Seven of nine patients with macronodular adrenal hyperplasia had hyperplastic adrenal glands in addition to single or multiple focal adrenal nodules. The six patients with hypercortisolism caused by an autonomous adrenal adenoma showed atrophic (four patients) or normal (two patients) ipsilateral and contralateral adrenal glands. Fourteen of 16 patients with the ectopic ACTH syndrome had hyperplasia of the adrenal glands without nodularity, and only two had focal nodules.
Quality Control Issues Relating to Instantaneous Ambiguity Resolution for Real-Time GPS Kinematic Positioning (1996)

For real-time, centimeter accuracy GPS kinematic
positioning applications, it would be extremely useful
if the estimation of the integer ambiguities could be
carried out instantaneously (on a single epoch basis).
The problem can be partitioned into two: (a)
development of a fast ambiguity search technique, and;
(b) addressing the quality control issues. In this paper,
an integrated method for the instantaneous ambiguity
resolution using dual-frequency precise pseudo-range
and carrier phase observations has been used. The
algorithm combines the search procedures in the
coordinate domain, the observation domain and the
estimated ambiguity domain (and therefore benefits
from the integration of their most positive elements).
A three-step procedure is then proposed to enhance the
reliability of the ambiguity resolution by: (1)
intproving the stochastic model for the double-
differenced functional model in real-time; (2) refining
the criteria which distinguish the integer ambiguity set
that generates the minimum quadratic form of
residuals from that corresponding to the second
minimum one, and; (3) developing a fault detection
and adaptation procedure. Three test scenarios were
considered, one static baseline (11.3km) and two
kinematic experiments (baseline lengths from 5.2km to
13.7km). These have shown that the mean
computation time for one epoch is less than 0.1
second, and that the success rate reaches 98.4%
(compared to just 68.4% using standard ratio tests).
The data were processed post-mission, but in a
simulated real-time processing mode.
The Jak1 SH2 Domain Does Not Fulfill a Classical SH2 Function in Jak/STATSignaling but Plays a Structural Role for Receptor Interaction andUp-regulation of Receptor SurfaceExpression (2005)

The presence of a Src homology 2 (SH2) domain sequence similarity in the sequence of Janus kinases (Jaks) has been discussed since the first descriptions of these enzymes. We performed an in depth study to determine the function of the Jak1 SH2 domain. We investigated the functionality of the Jak1 SH2 domain by stably reconstituting Jak1-defective human fibrosarcoma cells U4C with endogenous amounts of Jak1 in which the crucial arginine residue Arg466 within the SH2 domain has been replaced by lysine. This mutant still binds to the receptor subunits gp130 and OSMR. Moreover, the SH2 R466K mutation does not affect the subcellular distribution of Jak1 as assessed by cell fractionation and confocal microscopy of cells expressing endogenous levels of non-tagged or a yellow fluorescent protein (YFP)-tagged Jak1-R466K, respectively. Likewise, the signaling capacity of Jak1 was not affected by this point mutation. However, we found that the SH2 domain is structurally important for cytokine receptor binding and surface expression of the OSMR.
The Influence of the Steam-side Characteristics of a Modular Air- cooled Condenser on CSP Plant Performance (2014)

Limited water supplies in proposed concentrated solar power (CSP) plant locations have instigated the need for air-cooling of the condensers in the Rankine cycle. The current industry standard for air-cooling in power plants is the A-frame air-cooled condenser (ACC), the installation of which has increased exponentially in the last 15 years. This has occurred despite the fact they suffer from significant inefficiencies and weather effects. This paper introduces a modular air-cooled condenser (MACC) design which seeks to minimise these inefficiencies. A thermodynamic analysis is carried-out to determine the outcome of installing this MACC design in a CSP plant. Firstly, a series of measurements performed on a full-scale prototype MACC under vacuum conditions representative of an operational ACC are presented. Condenser temperature and pressure were measured as fan speed was varied, for a range of steam flow rates, to determine the qualitative and quantitative relationship between fan rotational speed and condenser steam-side conditions. Results show that for a fixed steam flow rate and constant ambient temperature, condenser temperature and pressure decrease as fan speed increases. The relationships, developed from the measurements, between fan speed and condenser temperature-pressure were then used to evaluate the gross output from a 50 MW steam turbine and, ultimately, evaluate the net plant output. Results show that increasing fan speed leads to an increase in plant output up until a certain point, at which further increases in output are offset by larger fan power consumption rates. Thus, an optimum operating point exists. The effects of ambient temperature were also examined and were seen to have a significant impact on firstly, steam-side conditions and consequently, plant output. Increases in ambient reduce plant output. However, by varying the fan speed to achieve the optimum operating point for any given ambient, the losses can be minimised.
Radiotherapy for Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Induces DNA Damage Response in Both Irradiated and Out-of-field Normal Tissues (2016)

Both localized thoracic radiotherapy and chemoradiotherapy induce pronounced systemic DNA damage in normal tissues. Individual assessment of biologic response to dose delivered during radiotherapy may allow for therapeutic personalization for patients with NSCLC. Clin Cancer Res; 22(19); 4817-26. ©2016 AACRSee related commentary by Verma and Lin, p. 4763.
Actuation-mechanisms of CNT-bucky papers and CNT-arrays (2015)

In the fields of smart materials there is still a demand for a material featuring high modulus, low density and large strain. Carbon materials catch enormous scientific attention not only since carbon fibers were used for highperformance composite structures. But more and more the scientific attention moves from the macroscale to the nanoscale. This paper focuses with a adaptive point of view on one of the carbon allotropes: carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Beside excellent electromechanical properties another interesting feature was first mentioned 1999 - the active behavior of paper-like mats (bucky-papers) made of CNTs. CNT-papers are electrically activated using a double-layer interaction of ions provided by an electrolyte and the charged, high specific surface area of the paper formed by carbon nanotubes. Until now the detailed mechanism behind the strain/force generation of CNT-based architectures is unknown. A clarification of this principle reveals the potential of carbon tubes to be or not to be a resilient smart material in order to use their strong covalent carbon bonds instead of weak van der Waals force as tube-linking. This paper presents further investigations about the composition of CNT-papers and their performance in contrast to vertical aligned CNT-arrays using an actuated tensile test set-up. For better comparison the experiments of both specimen-types are carried out in dry, wet and wet/charged conditions. Especially in the case of CNT-arrays it is essential to preload the specimens because the curly CNT-structure superimposes the vertical orientation. While the CNT-paper is tested in an aqueous solution of one molar sodium chloride, the hydrophobic character of CNT-arrays requires an ionic liquid (IL) as electrolyte. It is found that the mechanical properties of CNT-papers drop significantly by wetting and can be controlled by charging what indicates an electrostatic dominated effect. In contrast the CNT-arrays show identical results regardless of the test conditions and furthermore an active, reversible behavior of tube elongation by charging. These results indicate strongly a quantum mechanical effect as reason of a CNT-array actuation.
DETERMINANTS OF HEMATOPORPHYRIN‐CATALYZED PHOTOSENSITIZATION (1982)

Abstract Using murine leukemia L1210 cells in culture, determinants of photosensitization by hemato‐porphyrin were examined. Cells incubated for 10 min with a commercial preparation of hematopor‐phyrin rapidly accumulated protoporphyrin and vinyl‐hydroxyethyldeuteroporphyrin present as impurities. The resulting photosensitization appears to be mainly derived from the latter product.