gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SPCC: a security policy compliance checker plug-in for YAWL (2018)

YAWL provides a complete workflow system. It uses its own formal language to define the process model, which can then be translated by the YAWL engine into a working workflow system. The current structure of YAWL allows the process modeller to assign users/roles to perform tasks, but these assignments may not be in compliance with the organisation's authorisation policy. Violating the authorisation policy might lead to significant security risks. This paper introduces SPCC: an authorisation policy compliance checker for YAWL. SPCC is designed to help the process modeller to make sure the role-task assignments are in compliance with the organisation's authorisation policy. The paper describes the implementation of SPCC as a plug-in for YAWL.
PP2A phosphatase inhibition is anti-fibrotic through Ser77 phosphorylation-mediated ARNT/ARNT homodimer formation (2021)

Aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT) mediates anti-fibrotic activity in kidney and liver through induction of ALK3-receptor expression and subsequently increased Smad1/5/8 signaling. While expression of ARNT can be pharmacologically induced by sub-immunosuppressive doses of FK506 or by GPI1046, its anti-fibrotic activity is only realized when ARNT-ARNT homodimers form, as opposed to formation of ARNT-AHR or ARNT-HIF1α heterodimers. Mechanisms underlying ARNTs dimerization decision to specifically form ARNT-ARNT homodimers and possible cues to specifically induce ARNT homodimerization have been previously unknown. Here, we demonstrate that phosphorylation of the Ser77 residue is critical for ARNT-ARNT homodimer formation and stabilization. We further demonstrate that inhibition of PP2A phosphatase activity by LB100 enhances ARNT-ARNT homodimers both in vivo and in vitro (mouse tubular epithelial cells and human embryonic kidney cells). In murine models of kidney fibrosis, and also of liver fibrosis, combinations of FK506 or GPI1046 (to induce ARNT expression) with LB100 (to enhance ARNT homodimerization) elicit additive anti-fibrotic activities. Our study provides additional evidence for the anti-fibrotic activity of ARNT-ARNT homodimers and reveals Ser77 phosphorylation as a novel pharmacological target to realize the therapeutic potential of increased ARNT transactivation activity.
Single-mode and multimode Fabry-Pérot interference in suspended graphene (2014)

We have achieved high-quality Fabry-P\'erot interference in a suspended graphene device both in conductance and in shot noise. A Fourier analysis of these reveals two sets of overlapping, coexisting interference patterns, with the ratios of the resonance intervals being equal to the width to length ratio of the device. We show that these sets originate from the unique coexistence of longitudinal and transverse resonances, with the longitudinal resonances occurring due to bunching of modes with low transverse momentum. Finally, the high quality of our samples allows us to probe the interaction renormalization of the Fermi velocity as well as the coexistence of Fabry-P\'erot oscillations with universal conductance fluctuations.
DTN: an architectural retrospective (2008)

We review the rationale behind the current design of the Delay/Disruption Tolerant Networking (DTN) Architecture and highlight some remaining open issues. Its evolution, from a focus on deep space to a broader class of heterogeneous networks that may suffer disruptions, affected design decisions spanning naming and addressing, message formats, data encoding methods, routing, congestion management and security. Having now achieved relative stability with the design, additional experience is required in long-running operational environments in order to fine tune our understanding of DTN concepts and the types of capabilities that are worth the investment in implementation complexity. We expect key management, handling of congestion, multicasting capability, and routing to remain active areas of research and development, and that DTN may continue to be an active research endeavor for at least the next few years.
Syntheses of Benzimidazole Derivatives from Aromatic Trichloromethyl Compounds with Aromatic o-Diamines (1974)

Aromatic trichloromethyl compounds such as 4, 5-bis(trichloromethyl)imidazole, 1-methyl-4(trichloromethyl)imidazole-5-carboxylic acid, 1-methyl-4- (trichloromethyl)imidazole, ev-(trichloromethyl)-pyridine and benzotrichloride reacted with o-phenylenediamine or 3, 3 -diaminobenzidine, giving corresponding benzimidazole derivatives.
Paradigmes pour l'interoperabilite entre environnements virtuels (1996)

La realite virtuelle est un domaine de recherche relativement recent dont l'un des principaux objectifs est d'atteindre une interactivite maximale entre l'utilisateur et la machine. Elle resulte de la convergence de multiples medias en un ensemble coherent auquel on ajoute un phenomene d'immersion de l'utilisateur par le biais de diverses techniques. Si l'objectif d'une bonne immersion tend a etre atteint, un paradoxe subsiste au sein de ces environnements virtuels: il est, aujourd'hui, tres difficile, voire impossible, d'arriver a faire interoperer des environnements distincts. La question est alors de savoir: comment faire interoperer des environnements tout en conservant le niveau d'interactivite atteint par ces derniers ? notre travail a consiste a determiner avec precision ce qu'interoperer signifie pour deux environnements virtuels. Pour cela, apres avoir defini l'interoperabilite, nous avons identifie les problemes induits par celle-ci. Puis nous avons propose un ensemble de paradigmes destines a permettre l'interoperabilite entre environnements virtuels. Ces paradigmes se presentent sous la forme de composants constituant les environnements virtuels ainsi que de services destines a mettre en uvre l'interoperabilite. Ces composants assurent une bonne modularite de l'architecture generale de l'environnement, et restent suffisamment de haut niveau pour ne pas trop contraindre les futurs developpement d'environnements virtuels. Les services que nous proposons sont destines a mettre en uvre l'interoperabilite. Ils sont precedes par une phase de calcul de compatibilite entre les protagonistes. Le calcul de compatibilite nous permet de determiner a l'avance quel sera le comportement resultant des entites virtuelles ainsi que la semantique du monde obtenu. Dans le cas ou le niveau de compatibilite ne serait pas suffisant, nous proposons des services destines a renforcer cette compatibilite. Enfin, nous terminons par un exemple de session d'interoperabilite au cours duquel nous calculons le niveau de compatibilite entre des entites et un environnement virtuel. Nous en deduisons ainsi le comportement resultant de cette interoperabilite
Weed Occurrence According to Weed Control Methods in Arboretum (2002)

The experiments were carried out to obtain basic information on occurrence patterns and to investigate the influence of weed occurrence according to weed control methods. Weed occurrence at the arboretum in autumn 21 families 45 species was observed, and the annual weed occurred higher than the perennial weed at the ratio of 36 to 9. Based on the weed number, the weed control rate was 72.1% in the tillage plot and 36.0% in the herbicide treated plot as compared with untreated control. The control rate of asteraceae and poaceae families was 3-times higher in the tilled-plot than in the herbicide treated one. On the other hand, the control rate of cyperaceae was similar in both the tillage and herbicide treated plots but the oxallidaceae control was higher in the herbicide treated plot. Based on the dry weight per square meter, the tillage plot and herbicide treated one reduced weed occurrence by 40%(123.5g/) and 12%(39.7g/) of the untreated control plot 343.9g/. Simpson’s index in the tillage and herbicide application was calculated at 0.24 and 0.13 respectively. In the tillage plot, the annual weeds such as Acalypha australis, Cyperus amuricus, Digitaria sanguinalis, Portulaca oleracea and perennial weed, Calystegia japonicain were dominant. On the other hand, in the herbicide treated plot, Cyperus amuricus, Cyperus nipponicus, Erigeron canadensis, Mazus pumilus, Portulaca oleracea in the annual and Poa annua, in the perennial were the most predominant species
Scaffolds for protein crystallisation (2002)

In the absence of a method to ensure that crystals can be obtained for any given protein, the possibility of developing scaffolds for protein crystallisation becomes attractive. Among several approaches that could yield scaffolds, two are particularly promising: the first is based on immunoglobulin Fab fragments and immunoglobulin binding proteins while the second is based on fusion proteins. In the Fab based scaffold, the protein of interest is the antigen recognised by the antibody. In the second case, it is a protein fused to one of the scaffold components. The operational difference between the two methods is the existence of a flexible covalent tether compared to a highly specific interaction. The relative merits and disadvantages of each approach are discussed here. We also describe a lattice obtained through a combinatorial approach which appears to have the required properties to be considered a scaffold. The system makes use of an Fab derived from a rheumatoid factor and an Fc-fusion protein. The Fc-fusion system is ideal for enhanced expression of glycoproteins in mammalian cells and provides a useful tag for their purification. The molecular replacement shows a mode of binding for this rheumatoid factor that is not competitive with bacterial Fc-binding proteins. Hence it may be possible to generalise the method to include bacterial expression of fusion proteins with either protein A or protein G as the fusion partner.
A Copper Coordination Polymer with Matching Energy Level for Modifying Hole Transport Layers to Improve the Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells (2019)

Spiro-OMeTAD is currently the most widely used hole transport material for the preparation of high-performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs), usually requiring the addition of additives to achieve the desired electronic conductivity. However, the quality of the film is degraded owing to the addition of additives. Holes and defects can be observed, and the dispersion of the additives are uneven inside. Here, a copper coordination polymer, Cu-bix, with matching energy level and fluorescent properties was screened for use as an additional additive to dope Spiro-OMeTAD. The doping of Cu-bix effectively improved the dispersion state of the additives in the hole transport layers and alleviated the aggregation of LiTFSI (lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide) or/and lithium salt complexes in the film. Owing to better dispersion of the additives, Spiro-OMeTAD was more fully and uniformly oxidized whereas the possibility of charge recombination was reduced in the devices. Furthermore, the flat and tightly bonded film layer obtained by optimization of the doping amount can efficiently transfer holes from the perovskite layers to the hole transport layers. Possible interaction mechanisms between additives and the copper coordination polymer are proposed and discussed. The resulting power conversion efficiency (PCE) for Cu-bix-doped PSCs was improved from 16.52 % to 18.47 % compared to the pristine devices, and this type of PSCs also showed a long stability in air owing to the increased hydrophobicity of the Cu-bix-based hole transport layers.
Bone morphogenetic protein-1 (BMP-1) mediates C-terminal processing of procollagen V homotrimer. (2001)

International audience
“Inflammaging” as a Druggable Target: A Senescence‐Associated Secretory Phenotype—Centered View of Type 2 Diabetes (2016)

Aging is a complex phenomenon driven by a variety of molecular alterations. A relevant feature of aging is chronic low-grade inflammation, termed "inflammaging." In type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), many elements of aging appear earlier or are overrepresented, including consistent inflammaging. T2DM patients have an increased death rate, associated with an incremented inflammatory score. The source of this inflammation is debated. Recently, the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) has been proposed as the main origin of inflammaging in both aging and T2DM. Different pathogenic mechanisms linked to T2DM progression and complications development have been linked to senescence and SASP, that is, oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Here we review the latest data connecting oxidative and ER stress with the SASP in the context of aging and T2DM, with emphasis on endothelial cells (ECs) and endothelial dysfunction. Moreover, since current medical practice is insufficient to completely suppress the increased death rate of diabetic patients, we propose a SASP-centered view of T2DM as a futuristic therapeutic option, possibly opening new prospects by moving the attention from one-organ studies of diabetes complications to a wider targeting of the aging process.
Process Development for Removal of Siloxanes from ISS Atmosphere (2015)

Dimethylsilanediol (DMSD) has been identified as a problematic organic contaminant aboard the ISS. This contaminant was initially identified in humidity condensate and in the Water Processor Assembly (WPA) product water in 2010 when routine water quality monitoring an increasing total organic carbon (TOC) trend in the WPA product water. Although DMSD is not a crew health hazard at the levels observed in the product water, it can degrade the WPA catalytic reactor's effectiveness and cause early replacement of Multifiltration Beds. DMSD may also degrade the performance of the Oxygen Generation System (OGS) which uses the WPA product water for electrolysis. An investigation into the source of DMSD has determined that polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) compounds are likely hydrolyzing in the Condensing Heat Exchangers (CHX) to form DMSD. PDMS compounds are prevalent aboard ISS from a variety of sources, including crew hygiene products, adhesives, caulks, lubricants, and various nonmetallic materials. PDMS compounds are also known to contribute to CHX hydrophilic coating degradation by rendering it hydrophobic and therefore adversely affecting its ability to effectively transmit water to the condensate bus. Eventually this loss in performance results in water droplets in the air flow exiting the CHX, which may lead to microbial growth in the air ducts and may impact the performance of downstream systems. Several options have been evaluated to address these concerns. Modifications to the Water Processor Multifiltration Beds and Catalytic Reactor for removal of DMSD were not considered viable, and did not address the issue with PDMS compound degradation of the CHX coating. Design concepts are now in development for removing PDMS compounds from the air stream before they can reach the CHX coating, thus preventing coating degradation and hydrolysis of the PDMS compounds to DMSD. This paper summarizes the current status of the effort to treat these contaminants on ISS.
Breaking Bad: Detecting malicious domains using word segmentation (2015)

In recent years, vulnerable hosts and maliciously registered domains have been frequently involved in mobile attacks. In this paper, we explore the feasibility of detecting malicious domains visited on a cellular network based solely on lexical characteristics of the domain names. In addition to using traditional quantitative features of domain names, we also use a word segmentation algorithm to segment the domain names into individual words to greatly expand the size of the feature set. Experiments on a sample of real-world data from a large cellular network show that using word segmentation improves our ability to detect malicious domains relative to approaches without segmentation, as measured by misclassification rates and areas under the ROC curve. Furthermore, the results are interpretable, allowing one to discover (with little supervision or tuning required) which words are used most often to attract users to malicious domains. Such a lightweight approach could be performed in near-real time when a device attempts to visit a domain. This approach can complement (rather than substitute) other more expensive and time-consuming approaches to similar problems that use richer feature sets.
NOTCH activation interferes with cell fate specification in the gastrulating mouse embryo (2015)

NOTCH signalling is an evolutionarily conserved pathway involved in intercellular communication essential for cell fate choices during development. Although dispensable for early aspects of mouse development, canonical RBPJ-dependent NOTCH signalling has been shown to influence lineage commitment during embryonic stem cell (ESC) differentiation. NOTCH activation in ESCs promotes the acquisition of a neural fate, whereas its suppression favours their differentiation into cardiomyocytes. This suggests that NOTCH signalling is implicated in the acquisition of distinct embryonic fates at early stages of mammalian development. In order to investigate in vivo such a role for NOTCH signalling in shaping cell fate specification, we use genetic approaches to constitutively activate the NOTCH pathway in the mouse embryo. Early embryonic development, including the establishment of anterior-posterior polarity, is not perturbed by forced NOTCH activation. By contrast, widespread NOTCH activity in the epiblast triggers dramatic gastrulation defects. These are fully rescued in a RBPJ-deficient background. Epiblast-specific NOTCH activation induces acquisition of neurectoderm identity and disrupts the formation of specific mesodermal precursors including the derivatives of the anterior primitive streak, the mouse organiser. In addition, we show that forced NOTCH activation results in misregulation of NODAL signalling, a major determinant of early embryonic patterning. Our study reveals a previously unidentified role for canonical NOTCH signalling during mammalian gastrulation. It also exemplifies how in vivo studies can shed light on the mechanisms underlying cell fate specification during in vitro directed differentiation.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydroxymycotrienins A and B, New Ansamycin Group Antibiotics (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
On-orbit performance of the fine guidance sensor FGS-1R (1998)

During the second servicing mission of the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), a newly refurbished fine guidance sensor (FGS-1R) was installed into the telescope's Radial Bay No. 1. The successful replacement of the existing FGS-1, whose degraded Star Selector Servo bearings were affecting the scheduling and acquisition of science data, was critical to continued success of the observatory. In addition to solving the bearing problem, the refurbished FGS-1R also provided an innovative approach to minimize the effects of spherical aberration on the interferometric signal generate by the FGS, hereafter referred to as an s-curve. Rather than try to remove the aberration from the wavefront over a very large field of view, FGS-1R was given the capability to realign the beam to the Koester's prism. A symmetric error, such as spherical aberration, which is divided perfectly at the beam center and folded onto itself, will have the effects of the aberration canceled. To this end, FGS-1R's FOld Flat No. 3 was retrofit with an Actuated Mechanisms Assembly (AMA), which allows on orbit correction of the beam alignment. This paper gives an overview of the theory of operation of the FGS, and characterizes the effects of spherical aberration on s-curve modulation. It discusses the theory of operation of the AMA, and how it is used to optimize the optical alignment. It describes the analysis tools and methods used to transform on orbit data into required adjustments of the AMA. Finally, it presents the result of the on orbit optimization of s-curve modulation, and briefly discusses some of the challenges faced in refurbishing the next FGS.
A Quaternion Formulation for Boost Phase Attitude Estimation, Guidance and Control of Exoatmospheric Interceptors (1989)

This paper describes the boost phase guidance of the space interceptor system for exoatmospheric missile engagements. A space interceptor equipped with 2 booster motors is considered. The boost phase guidance is realized through the attitude control, which, in turn, controls the direction of the thrust vector of booster motors. A quaternion method devoid of trigonometric function computations is proposed for the attitude command generation. The quaternion attitude command is expressed as an error quaternion that represents the difference between the current attitude and the desired attitude determined by the guidance law. The error quaternion computation is then combined with existing quaternion algorithms for attitude determination and attitude control, resulting in a pure quaternion method for the boost phase guidance. The quaternion based guidance method is computationally efficient and free of singularities while the conventional methods based on Euler angles are not. An algorithm for the prediction of intercept point is also included for the sake of completeness. A 6-Degree-Of-Freedom simulation including an interceptor and a target is conducted to demonstrate that the quaternion based method is suitable for the boost phase guidance for exoatmospheric interceptors.
Burden of Illness in Screen‐detected Children With Celiac Disease and Their Families (2012)

Screen-detected children with celiac disease can attain satisfactory dietary adherence and benefit from treatment similarly to symptom-detected patients. The results support intensified screening for celiac disease in at-risk children.
Hard Constraints for Grammatical Function Labelling (2010)

For languages with (semi-) free word order (such as German), labelling grammatical functions on top of phrase-structural constituent analyses is crucial for making them interpretable. Unfortunately, most statistical classifiers consider only local information for function labelling and fail to capture important restrictions on the distribution of core argument functions such as subject, object etc., namely that there is at most one subject (etc.) per\nclause. We augment a statistical classifier with an integer linear program imposing hard linguistic constraints on the solution space output by the classifier, capturing\nglobal distributional restrictions. We show that this improves labelling quality, in particular for argument grammatical functions, in an intrinsic evaluation, and, importantly, grammar coverage for treebankbased\n(Lexical-Functional) grammar acquisition and parsing, in an extrinsic evaluation.