gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Immunohistochemical typing of amyloid in fixed paraffin-embedded samples by an automatic procedure: Comparison with immunofluorescence data on fresh-frozen tissue (2021)

Amyloidosis comprises a spectrum of disorders characterized by the extracellular deposition of amorphous material, originating from an abnormal serum protein. The typing of amyloid into its many variants represents a pivotal step for a correct patient management. Several methods are currently used, including mass spectrometry, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, and immunogold labeling. The aim of the present study was to investigate the accuracy and reliability of immunohistochemistry by means of a recently developed amyloid antibody panel applicable on fixed paraffin-embedded tissues in an automated platform. Patients with clinically and pathologically proven amyloidosis were divided into two cohorts: a pilot one, which included selected amyloidosis cases from 2009 to 2018, and a retrospective one (comprising all consecutive amyloidosis cases analyzed between November 2018 and May 2020). The above-referred panel of antibodies for amyloid classification was tested in all cases using an automated immunohistochemistry platform. When fresh-frozen material was available, immunofluorescence was also performed. Among 130 patients, a total of 143 samples from different organs was investigated. They corresponded to 51 patients from the pilot cohort and 79 ones from the retrospective cohort. In 82 cases (63%), fresh-frozen tissue was tested by immunofluorescence, serving to define amyloid subtype only in 30 of them (36.6%). On the contrary, the automated immunohistochemistry procedure using the above-referred new antibodies allowed to establish the amyloid type in all 130 cases (100%). These included: ALλ (n = 60, 46.2%), ATTR (n = 29, 22.3%), AA (n = 19, 14.6%), ALκ (n = 18, 13.8%), ALys (n = 2, 1.5%), and Aβ2M amyloidosis (n = 2, 1.5%). The present immunohistochemistry antibody panel represents a sensitive, reliable, fast, and low-cost method for amyloid typing. Since immunohistochemistry is available in most pathology laboratories, it may become the new gold standard for amyloidosis classification, either used alone or combined with mass spectrometry in selected cases.
Fine structure of breakup development inferred from satellite and ground-based observations (2008)

Abstract. More than 60 breakups, including weak activations of the pseudo-breakup type, moderate breakups, and events of very strong auroral activity, were analyzed using ground-based TV data, together with satellite auroral images. We studied the fine subvisual details of spatial and temporal dynamics of active auroral forms and surrounding diffuse luminosity, both in the longitudinal and latitudinal directions of the TV camera field of view. For all types of breakups a close interconnection of auroral activity was found across and along the auroral oval.
The continuing evolution of integration in manufacturing automation (2007)

Since the wide adoption of Internet technologies in manufacturing automation, integration has become one of the most advertised trends in the field. The concept of integration in automation is by no means new. It was first formulated in the mid 1970s with the computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM) idea. Its aim was to integrate several already existing islands of computer-assisted manufacturing subsystems to a comprehensive and transparent, enterprise-wide information processing system. This article sketches the roots as well as the historical evolution of the integration idea and describes the pieces it takes to complete the picture of integration with its horizontal, vertical, and temporal aspects. Emphasis is put on building blocks like networks and their interconnections, middleware technologies, and application software frameworks. Standardization issues are addressed as well as future challenges in the field.
Autoimmune myasthenia gravis (2013)

A better understanding of the pathogenic effects of the distinct myasthenia gravis autoantibodies may lead to new therapeutic interventions according to the myasthenia gravis subtype. Future investigations on the immunoregulatory mechanisms will also lead to therapeutic avenues able to restore the balance of the immune system and possibly lead to long-term remissions.
Isolation of the heterogeneous nuclear RNA-ribonucleoprotein complex (hnRNP): a unique supramolecular assembly. (1984)

The packaging of heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA), the fate of hnRNA in the nucleus, and the conversion of hnRNA to mRNA are believed to occur as the hnRNA transcript is associated with specific proteins to form a ribonucleoprotein complex termed the hnRNP complex. The identity and organization of the protein constituents of the hnRNP have been a matter of considerable controversy. We report here the isolation of the hnRNP complex from vertebrate cell nuclei, employing immunoprecipitation with monoclonal antibodies against the major proteins that are in contact with hnRNA in HeLa cells. Rapid immunoprecipitation from HeLa nucleoplasm with two different monoclonal antibodies to the hnRNP C proteins (41 and 43 kDa) isolates a similar complex that contains proteins and hnRNA of up to approximately equal to 10 kilobases. The major steady-state [35S]methionine-labeled proteins of the isolated complex are of 34 kDa, 36 kDa (A1 and A2), 37 kDa, 38 kDa (B1 and B2), 41 kDa, 43 kDa (C1 and C2), and doublets at 68 kDa and at 120 kDa. Additional proteins from 45 kDa to very high molecular mass are also seen. The major proteins of the complex appear identical by NaDodSO4/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to genuine hnRNP proteins--those which become crosslinked by UV light to the hnRNA in vivo. Immunoprecipitation with a different, noncrossreacting monoclonal antibody to the 120-kDa protein isolates an apparently identical complex of proteins that are present at a similar relative stoichiometry. Similar hnRNP complexes are found in rodent and avian cells. Nuclease digestions indicate that RNA plays a role in maintaining the integrity of the structure and that intact RNA of approximately equal to 125 nucleotides is sufficient to hold the complex of proteins together. The coimmunoprecipitation of the hnRNA and of all of the proteins through antibodies against different genuine hnRNP proteins and from divergent species strongly suggests that the hnRNP complex is a unitary structure of consistent, defined, and conserved components.
Bilateral enhancers (2009)

Ten years ago the concept of bilateral filtering (BF) became popular in the image processing community. The core of the idea is to blend the effect of a spatial filter, as e.g. the Gaussian filter, with the effect of a filter that acts on image values. The two filters acts on orthogonal domains of a picture: the 2D lattice of the image support and the intensity (or color) domain. The BF approach is an intuitive way to blend these two filters giving rise to algorithms that perform difficult tasks requiring a relatively simple design. In this paper we extend the concept of BF, proposing the bilateral enhancers (BE). We show how to design proper functions to obtain an edge-preserving smoothing and a selective sharpening. Moreover, we show that the proposed algorithm can perform edge-preserving smoothing and selective sharpening simultaneously in a single filtering.
Hand perfusion with 99mTc-HSA in patients expecting to undergo coronary bypass surgery: elaboration of a new complex diagnostic protocol for the safe removal of a radial artery graft (2006)

Hand perfusion with (99m)Tc-HSA is useful in patients selected for coronary bypass operations, so we recommend the introduction of this method as a routine examination before the removal of the radial artery in patients with an abnormal Allen test.
Compact high repetition rate pseudospark pulse Generator (2005)

A pseudospark-based high repetition rate pulse generator, together with a resonant charging power supply is presented. The pulse generator was developed for research applications that include transient plasma ignition. The design incorporates a lumped element Blumlein pulse-forming network that is switched by a commercial pseudospark into an output pulse transformer with a METGLAS core. The Blumlein is charged up to 30 kV by a resonant capacitor charger, based on a fly-back transformer and high-power insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) switch module. The output voltage of the charger is controlled by the on-time of the IGBT. Pulses with duration of 50 ns can be generated at a 2.6-kHz maximum repetition rate. Pulses with amplitude up to 90 kV can be delivered into a 200-/spl Omega/ load.
Co-localization and molecular association of dystrophin with laminin at the surface of mouse and human myotubes (1992)

ABSTRACT In Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), deficiency of the protein dystrophin results in necrosis of muscle myofibres, associated with lesions in the sarcolemma and surrounding basal lamina. Dystrophin has been proposed to be a major component of the sub-sar-colemmal cytoskeleton involved in maintaining the integrity of the myofibre plasma membrane, and is known to associate with a group of sarcolemmal glycoproteins, one of which exhibits high affinity binding to the basal lamina component laminin. However, a direct or indirect transmembrane association of dystrophin in muscle cells with the myofibre basal lamina has not been demonstrated. To address this question we have examined dystrophin immunostaining and immunoprecipitation patterns in cultured mouse and human myotubes in comparison with that of the basal lamina component, laminin. Dual-immunolabelling revealed virtually complete co-localization of dystrophin on the inside surface of the muscle cell sarcolemma with plaques and veined arrays of laminin accumulating on the extracellular face. This pattern of laminin and dystrophin distribution was distinct from that of other cell surface molecules expressed in myotubes such as the neural cell adhesion molecule, NCAM, and the 1 integrin receptor, and immunoprecipitation of dystrophin from solubilized myotube extracts resulted in co-purification of laminin B1 chain confirming an association between these two components. The results thus provide the first direct cellular evidence of a transmembrane linkage between dystrophin in the sarcolemmal cytoskeleton with laminin in the overlying basal lamina. While the immunocytochemical distribution of laminin was apparently normal in dystrophin-deficient muscle cells, elevated levels of soluble laminin were present in extracts of mdx compared with normal mouse skeletal muscle. The absence of dystrophin may thus result in disruption at the molecular level of the cytoskeletal-basal lamina superstructure surrounding the sarcolemma in dystrophic myofibres.
Teaching forest stand dynamics or what happens when you thin your Marigold plantation (1998)

Teaching forestry students about forest stand dynamics can be an abstract activity. Very quickly concepts are reduced to mathematical formulae, graphs and diagrams, all with relatively complicated explanations. Alternatively, computer simulation and individual tree models can be used to demonstrate important concepts such as the '3/2 Power law' of self thinning. Students can also be taken to visit plantations to talk about practical issues of density management and perhaps produce a thinning prescription. However, no single teaching strategy enables students to have 'hands on' practice at manipulating a real plant population while being able to wait and see the results of their work.
Generic Object Recognition by Tree Conditional Random Field Based on Hierarchical Segmentation (2010)

Generic object recognition by a computer is strongly required in various fields like robot vision and image retrieval in recent years. Conventional methods use Conditional Random Field (CRF) that recognizes the class of each region using the features extracted from the local regions and the class co-occurrence between the adjoining regions. However, there is a problem that the discriminative ability of the features extracted from local regions is insufficient, and these methods is not robust to the scale variance. To solve this problem, we propose a method that integrates the recognition results in multi-scales by tree conditional random field based on hierarchical segmentation. As a result of the image dataset of 7 classes, the proposed method has improved the recognition rate by 2.2%.
Summary Statement on Primary Central Nervous System Lymphomas From the Eighth International Conference on Malignant Lymphoma, Lugano, Switzerland, June 12 to 15, 2002 (2003)

Under the sponsorship of the International Extranodal Lymphoma Study Group, a Multidisciplinary Workshop on primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL) with over 50 participants from Europe, North America, Israel, and Australia was held as part of the Eighth International Conference on Malignant Lymphoma in Lugano, Switzerland (June 12 to 15, 2002). The main purposes of the Workshop were to exchange the latest scientific information, to analyze methodologic issues in the design of clinical trials, to reach a consensus on treatment recommendations and prognostic factors, to discuss clinical and molecular targets for future studies, and to establish an international collaborative group to conduct laboratory and clinical investigations in PCNSL. This article summarizes the contents of the Workshop, analyzes the current knowledge on the most relevant biologic and clinical issues in PCNSL, and focuses on fundamental challenges to be addressed in future studies.
Game theoretical-based task allocation in malicious cognitive Internet of Things (2022)

In this chapter we consider a heterogeneous Internet of Things (IoT) scenario in which sensor nodes belong to different platforms and form different clusters managed by their own cluster head (CH). This configuration is exploited to foster nodes collaboration in sensing activities with coordinated resource usage. We assume that the considered nodes have cognitive radio (CR) and exploit device-to-device (D2D) communications. The nodes collaboratively sense the spectrum, through standard energy detection, to find spectrum holes to be opportunistically exploited for task allocation by the CH. Some of the nodes may act as malicious nodes (MNs) trying to disrupt this process by providing tampered data, trying to lead to a higher overall probability of error of the spectrum sensing. At this point, task allocation is performed by means of a game theoretical-based approach considering two elements: the gain that is won for its contribution to sensing and for the execution of the task (in case, it wins the competition), and the cost in terms of energy to be consumed in case the task is executed. In particular, we investigate the impact of tampered data in the former aspect so that the MNs try to gain as much as possible control of the allocated task, thus performing a Denial of Service (DoS) attack. Extensive simulations are performed to evaluate the impact of the main system parameters on the overall performance and provide guidelines for future work.
Neural dysfunction during hypoglycaemia. (1988)

There is controversy over the definition of hypoglycaemia in neonates and children and over its significance when 9asymptomatic9. We measured sensory evoked potentials in relation to blood glucose concentration in 17 children: 13 were fasted or given insulin to investigate endocrine or metabolic abnormalities and four had spontaneous episodes of hypoglycaemia. Abnormal evoked potentials were recorded in 10 of the 11 children whose blood glucose concentration fell below 2.6 mmol/l; five of these 10 children were 9asymptomatic9. No change in evoked potentials was recorded in the six children whose blood glucose concentration remained above 2.6 mmol/l. Our findings suggest that the blood glucose concentration should be maintained above 2.6 mmol/l to ensure normal neural function in children irrespective of the presence or absence of abnormal clinical signs.
Field Experiences with Computer-Controlled Drilling (1990)

ABSTRACT This paper describes the mechanical, electrical, computer, and software systems of a prototype computer controlled drilling rig. The rig has operated under computer control for over three years on a project investigating optimized turbine control. In addition to describing the advantages and the basic computer control features of the rig, this paper presents the practical problems for computer controlled drilling and suggests possible solutions to these difficulties. In the past, several attempts at full computer control of the drilling process have been made, but all have ultimately proven to be short lived. Recent advances in the power and reliability of sensors and computer control hardware, as well as reductions in their cost, have brought computerized rig control closer to reality. However, some important hurdles remain. It is the authors' experience that most of the hurdles lie on the electrical and mechanical side of the system. Computer hardware and software capabilities have improved to the point that almost any function can be economically programmed. However, problems with sensor reliability and calibration, and actuation still exist. Each of these problem areas is discussed in this paper. In summary, the purpose of this paper is: (1) to describe the use of a computer controlled rig, (2) to describe the problems the authors have experienced during three years of computer controlled drilling, (3) to present possible solutions to these problems, and (4) to discuss the future for field use of computer controlled drilling.
Intergranular corrosion of high temperature alloys in molten fluoride salts (2010)

Six Ni and Fe–Ni based austenitic alloys were exposed to molten LiF–NaF–KF: 46.5–11.5–42mol% salt, commonly referred to as FLiNaK, at 850°C for 500 h. Corrosion was noted to occur predominantly from dealloying of Cr resulting in void formation, an effect that was particularly pronounced at the grain boundaries. Alloy weight-loss due to molten fluoride salt corrosion correlated with the initial Cr-content of the alloys up to a Cr content of about 20wt%, and was consistent with the Cr-concentrations measured in the salts after corrosion tests. However, in the nominally 20 wt% to 23 wt% Cr containing alloys, this weight-loss correlated linearly with the carbon content of the alloys, due to the formation of chromium carbide phases at the grain boundaries and its subsequent dissolution into the molten salt along the grain boundaries. The Cr-lean intermetallic precipitates found in the alloys were resistant to corrosion in the molten FLiNaK salt.
Wirelessly Powered Electrowetting-on-Dielctric (EWOD) (2011)

Recently, EWOD (Electrowetting on dielectric) has attracted a great deal of interest with applications of digital lab-on-a-chip in which microfluids are manipulated in a discrete form of droplets using electrical inputs. In most EWOD applications, the commonly used powering method is wired transmission, which may not be suitable for implantable lab-on-a-chip applications. In this paper, we will investigate wireless power transmission for EWOD utilizing the inductive coupling. Unlike the conventional inductive coupling, wireless EWOD requires a high voltage (&gt; 50 V) at the receiver side which is connected to the EWOD chip since EWOD naturally operates under high input voltages. To satisfy this condition, the resonant inductive coupling method at a high resonant frequency is introduced and investigated. To optimize the transmission efficiency, we study the effects of many parameters such as the frequency, the inductance and the capacitance at the transmitter as well as receiver, the gap between the transmitter coil and receiver coil, and so on, by measuring the voltage at the receiver and the contact angle of droplets placed on wirelessly operated EWOD chip. In addition, by introducing amplitude modulation (AM) to the resonant inductive coupling, wireless AC electrowetting which generates droplet oscillations and is one of the commonly used operational modes is also achieved.
The complete genome sequence of Clostridium difficile phage ϕC2 and comparisons to ϕCD119 and inducible prophages of CD630 (2007)

The complete genomic sequence of a previously characterized temperate phage of Clostridium difficile, C2, is reported. The genome is 56 538 bp and organized into 84 putative ORFs in six functional modules. The head and tail structural proteins showed similarities to that of C. difficile phage CD119 and Streptococcus pneumoniae phage EJ-1, respectively. Homologues of structural and replication proteins were found in prophages 1 and 2 of the sequenced C. difficile CD630 genome. A putative holin appears unique to the C. difficile phages and was functional when expressed in Escherichia coli. Nucleotide sequence comparisons of C2 to CD119 and the CD630 prophage sequences showed relatedness between C2 and the prophages, but less so to CD119. C2 integrated into a gene encoding a putative transcriptional regulator of the gntR family. C2, CD119 and CD630 prophage 1 genomes had a Cdu1-attP-integrase arrangement, suggesting that the pathogenicity locus (PaLoc) of C. difficile, flanked by cdu1, has phage origins. The attP sequences of C2, CD119 and CD630 prophages were dissimilar. C2-related sequences were found in 84 % of 37 clinical C. difficile isolates and typed reference strains.
Assessment of Left Ventricular Asynchrony Using Volume—time Curves of 16 Segments by Real-Time 3 Dimensional Echocardiography: Comparison with Tissue Doppler Imaging (2006)

We suggest that analysis of VTCs in 16 segments using RT3DE may be a useful alternative to TDI for the evaluation of LV asynchrony.
Mathematical Modeling of Plate−gap Biosensors with an Outer Porous Membrane (2006)

A plate−gap model of a porous enzyme doped electrode covered by a porousinert membrane has been proposed and analyzed. The two−dimensional−in−spacemathematical model of the plate−gap biosensors is based on the reaction−diffusionequations containing a nonlinear term related to the Michaelis−Menten kinetics. Usingnumerical simulation of the biosensor action, the influence of the geometry of the outermembrane on the biosensor response was investigated at wide range of analyteconcentrations as well as of the reaction rates. The numerical simulation was carried outusing finite−difference technique. The behavior of the plate−gap biosensors was comparedwith that of a flat electrode deposited with a layer of enzyme and covered with the sameouter membrane.
Cryogenic adsorption of low-concentration hydrogen on charcoal, 5A molecular sieve, UOP S-115, ZSM-5 and Wessalith DAY (2002)

The separation of low-concentration hydrogen isotopes from helium is a processing step that is required for ceramic lithium breeding blanket processing. Cryogenic adsorption is one method of effecting this separation. In this study five adsorbents were considered for this purpose: charcoal, 5A molecular sieve, UOP S-115, ZSM-5 and Wessalith DAY. The first two adsorbents exhibit good equilibrium loadings and are shown to be quite effective at adsorbing low-concentration hydrogen isotopes. The latter three adsorbents display considerably lower equilibrium loadings. This study concludes that by using either charcoal or 5A molecular sieve, cryogenic adsorption would be an effective means of separating hydrogen isotopes from helium.