gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A switch in infected erythrocyte deformability at the maturation and blood circulation of Plasmodium falciparum transmission stages (2012)

Achievement of malaria elimination requires development of novel strategies interfering with parasite transmission, including targeting the parasite sexual stages (gametocytes). The formation of Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes in the human host takes several days during which immature gametocyte-infected erythrocytes (GIEs) sequester in host tissues. Only mature stage GIEs circulate in the peripheral blood, available to uptake by the Anopheles vector. Mechanisms underlying GIE sequestration and release in circulation are virtually unknown. We show here that mature GIEs are more deformable than immature stages using ektacytometry and microsphiltration methods, and that a switch in cellular deformability in the transition from immature to mature gametocytes is accompanied by the deassociation of parasite-derived STEVOR proteins from the infected erythrocyte membrane. We hypothesize that mechanical retention contributes to sequestration of immature GIEs and that regained deformability of mature gametocytes is associated with their release in the bloodstream and ability to circulate. These processes are proposed to play a key role in P falciparum gametocyte development in the host and to represent novel and unconventional targets for interfering with parasite transmission.
Ultrafast vibrational dynamics of the tyrosine ring mode and its application to enkephalin insertion into phospholipid membranes as probed by two-dimensional infrared spectroscopy (2021)

Enkephalins are small opioid peptides whose binding conformations are catalyzed by phospholipid membranes. Binding to opioid receptors is determined by the orientation of tyrosine and phenylalanine side chains. In this work, we investigate the effects of different charged phospholipid headgroups on the insertion of the tyrosine side chain into a lipid bilayer using a combination of 2D IR spectroscopy, anharmonic DFT calculations, and third order response function modeling. The insertion is probed by using the ∼1515 cm<sup>-1</sup> tyrosine ring breathing mode, which we found exhibits rich vibrational dynamics on the picosecond timescale. These dynamics include rapid intramolecular vibrational energy redistribution (IVR), where some of the energy ends up in a dark state that shows up as an anharmonically shifted combination band. The waiting-time dependent 2D IR spectra also show an unusual line shape distortion that affects the extraction of the frequency-frequency correlation function (FFCF), which is the dynamic observable of interest that reflects the tyrosine side chain's insertion into the lipid bilayer. We proposed three models to account for this distortion: a hot-state exchange model, a local environment dependent IVR model, and a coherence transfer model. A qualitative analysis of these models suggests that the local environment dependent IVR rate best explains the line shape distortion, while the coherence transfer model best reproduced the effects on the FFCF. Even with these complex dynamics, we found that the tyrosine ring mode's FFCF is qualitatively correlated with the degree of insertion expected from the different phospholipid headgroups.
Template-assisted spray-drying method for the fabrication of porous particles with tunable structures (2019)

Developing strategies for the production of porous particles with controllable structures using a spray-drying method has attracted attention of researchers for decades. Although many papers have reported their successful production of porous particles using this method, information on how to create and control the porous structures as well as what parameters involving and what formation mechanism occurring during the synthesis process are still not clear. To meet these demands, the present review covers strategies in the spray-drying developments for the fabrication of porous particles with controllable structure. This information is important for optimizing the production of porous particles with desirable properties. Regulation of process conditions and precursor formulations are also explained, including composition, type, and physicochemical properties of droplet and raw components used (i.e., host component, template, and solvent). The electrostatic interactions between the individual components and the droplets are also presented, while this information tends to be neglected in the conventional spray-drying process. To clarify how the porous particles are designed, current experimental results completed with illustrations for the proposal particle formation mechanism are presented. The review also completed with the opportunities and potential roles of the changing porous structures in practical uses. This review would provide information on how to produce porous particles that can be used for advanced functional materials, such as catalysts, adsorbents, and sensors.
On the Feasibility of Localising Smart Devices using Air Pressure (2021)

Many devices, such as phones and fitness trackers, contain barometers to measure air pressure, allowing the tracking of air pressure over time. While such changes can be used to identify changes in altitude, if a device is stationary, changes could also be used to identity a person's location in conjunction with meteorological information, which potentially makes pressure data sensitive information. We will use the meteorological data to see how effective device localisation can be when matching air pressure profiles to different locations in Ireland.
UAV Framework for Autonomous Onboard Navigation and People/Object Detection in Cluttered Indoor Environments (2020)

Response efforts in emergency applications such as border protection, humanitarian relief and disaster monitoring have improved with the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), which provide a flexibly deployed eye in the sky. These efforts have been further improved with advances in autonomous behaviours such as obstacle avoidance, take-off, landing, hovering and waypoint flight modes. However, most UAVs lack autonomous decision making for navigating in complex environments. This limitation creates a reliance on ground control stations to UAVs and, therefore, on their communication systems. The challenge is even more complex in indoor flight operations, where the strength of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals is absent or weak and compromises aircraft behaviour. This paper proposes a UAV framework for autonomous navigation to address uncertainty and partial observability from imperfect sensor readings in cluttered indoor scenarios. The framework design allocates the computing processes onboard the flight controller and companion computer of the UAV, allowing it to explore dangerous indoor areas without the supervision and physical presence of the human operator. The system is illustrated under a Search and Rescue (SAR) scenario to detect and locate victims inside a simulated office building. The navigation problem is modelled as a Partially Observable Markov Decision Process (POMDP) and solved in real time through the Augmented Belief Trees (ABT) algorithm. Data is collected using Hardware in the Loop (HIL) simulations and real flight tests. Experimental results show the robustness of the proposed framework to detect victims at various levels of location uncertainty. The proposed system ensures personal safety by letting the UAV to explore dangerous environments without the intervention of the human operator.
Cytoplasmic staining of erbB‐2 but not mRNA levels correlates with differentiation in human thyroid neoplasia (1998)

There are no mutations or amplifications of the erbB-2 gene in human thyroid tumours. Elevated erbB-2 mRNA expression in some thyroid tumours is not associated with clinical features of poor prognosis; however, the significance of the elevated mRNA levels is unclear, as it did not result in protein overexpression. Instead, cytoplasmic erbB-2 protein detection by IHC correlates with differentiation of human thyroid tumours and may be a feature of good prognosis.
Especies hidrófitas y palustres utilizadas como medicinales por los habitantes del norte y nordeste de la provincia del Chaco (2006)

En una encuesta a 126 habitantes, de tres departamentos del centro del chaco argentino, se refirieron al uso de especies vegetales autóctonas hidrófitas y palustres en medicina popular, identificadas por sus nombres vulgares; así, se recogió material vegetal que fue identificado y herborizado y correspondieron a: Althernanthera philoxeroides f. philoxeroides, Canna glauca var. glauca, C. indica, Eichhornia crassipes, Equisetum giganteum, Eryngium pandanifolium, Hydrocotile bonariensis, Pistia stratiotes, Polygonum acuminatum, P. punctatum, Pontederia rotundifolia, Sagittaria montevidensis, Schoenoplectus californicus var. californicus y Typha domingensis empleadas como diuréticas, depurativas, digestivas, antidiarreicas, cardiotónicas, hipotensoras, oftálmicas, laxantes suaves y emenagogas.
Innovative ignition scheme for ICF—impact fast ignition (2005)

A new ignition scheme is proposed, in which the compressed DT main fuel is ignited by impact collision of another fraction of separately imploded DT fuel, which is accelerated in the hollow conical target to super high velocities of about (1–2) × 108 cm s−1. Its kinetic energy is directly converted into thermal energy corresponding to temperatures >5 keV on the collision with the main fuel, and this self-heated portion plays the role of ignitor. The ignitor shell is irradiated typically by nanosecond pulses at intensities well beyond 1015 W cm−2 at such a short laser wavelength as 0.25 µm to exert ablation pressures of 150–300 Mbar. A preliminary two-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation demonstrates substantial heating of 3–5 keV on the impact. Simple physics, potential for high gain designs and low cost—these are the crucial advantages of the present scheme.
Modélisation, simulation haut-niveau et caractérisation expérimentale de convertisseurs sigma-delta réalisés par les étudiants en projet (2014)

International audience
Software Architecture for Operation and Use of Quantum Communications Networks (2023)

Quantum Communications Networks using the properties of qubits, namely state superposition, no-cloning and entanglement, can enable the exchange of information in a very secure manner across optical links or free space. New innovations enable the use of optical repeaters as well as multi-cast communication in the networks. Some types of quantum communications mechanisms can be implemented at room-temperature instead of requiring super-cooled systems. This makes it likely that business impact from quantum communications will be realized sooner than that from quantum computers. Quantum networks need to be integrated into the ecosystem of currently deployed classical networks and augment them with new capabilities. Classical computers and networks need to be able to use the new secure communication capabilities offered by quantum networks. To provide this interoperability, appropriate software abstractions on the usage of quantum networks need to be developed. In this paper, we examine what the type of software abstractions quantum networks can provide, and the type of applications that the new abstractions can support.
Construction and Validation of a Plunge Electrode Array for Three-Dimensional Determination of Conductivity in the Heart (2008)

The heart's response to electrical shock, electrical propagation in sinus rhythm, and the spatiotemporal dynamics of ventricular fibrillation all depend critically on the electrical anisotropy of cardiac tissue. Analysis of the microstructure of the heart predicts that three unique intracellular electrical conductances can be defined at any point in the ventricular wall; however, to date, there has been no experimental confirmation of this concept. We report the design, fabrication, and validation of a novel plunge electrode array capable of addressing this issue. A new technique involving nylon coating of 24G hypodermic needles is performed to achieve nonconductive electrodes that can be combined to give moderate-density multisite intramural measurement of extracellular potential in the heart. Each needle houses 13 silver wires within a total diameter of 0.7 mm, and the combined electrode array gives 137 sites of recording. The ability of the electrode array to accurately assess conductances is validated by mapping the potential field induced by a point current source within baths of saline of varying concentration. A bidomain model of current injection in the heart is then used to test an approximate relationship between the monodomain conductivities measured by the array, and the full set of bidomain conductivities that describe cardiac tissue.
Computer-Assisted Newborn Intensive Care (1976)

A minicomputer has been programmed to aid in the intensive care of high-risk newborn babies. The computer provides 24-hour on-line access to physiologic and environmental data and controls the heating of infant incubators. The control algorithm limits fluctuations in the incubator chamber and protects the infant against escape from neutral thermal conditions. The mortality rate for 105 infants cared for using the computerized systems was significantly reduced when compared to that of 105 matched high-risk infants cared for using standard non-computer-assisted techniques in the same nursery setting.
Sparsity Constrained Sinogram Inpainting for Metal Artifact Reduction in X-ray Computed (2011)

In this paper, we proposed a new projection completion metal artifact reduction (MAR) algorithm in x-ray computed tomography (CT) using a sparsity based sinogram inpainting (interpolation) technique. We developed the MAR algorithm on a Bayesian framework in which a wavelet-based generalized Gaussian (A p ) prior was applied and then the inpainting problem was formulated as a constrained optimization problem. For the optimization, we derived a projected gradient descent algorithm using a majorization-minimization technique. The gradient step was performed by a soft thresholding operator for an A 1 prior, and a hard thresholding with a decaying threshold for an A 0 prior. We utilized a tight frame of translation-invariant wavelets implemented by undecimated discrete wavelet transform. As in the clinical setting there is no ground truth CT image to objectively evaluate the performance of a proposed MAR algorithm, we also introduced a novel approach to simulate metal artifacts in a real CT dataset. The results showed that the proposed MAR algorithm using hard thresholding efficiently recovers and inpaints the sinogram projections corrupted by metallic implants.
Normalization by evaluation with typed abstract syntax (2001)

In higher-order abstract syntax, the variables and bindings of an object language are represented by variables and bindings of a meta-language. Let us consider the simply typed λ-calculus as object language and Haskell as meta-language. For concreteness, we also throw in integers and addition, but only in this section.
Six ultraviolet minutes for cleaner operating theatres (2020)

Abstract Background Sanitizing the operating theatres (OT) is important to minimize risk of post-operative infections. Disinfection procedures between one operation and another is less aggressive than final cleaning procedures, at the end of the day. Aim was assessing the difference of contamination: i) between different levels of disinfection; ii) before and after the use of a UVC Device (UVC-D). Methods Between December 2019/February 2020 a cross sectional study was conducted in OT in a real clinical context. 94 Petri dishes (PD) were used in 3 OT. Three different sanitation levels (SL1-3) were compared pre- and post-use of UVC-D: i) No cleaning after surgery (SL1); ii) after in-between cleaning (SL2); iii) after terminal cleaning (SL3). UVC-D was employed for 6 minutes, 3 minutes per bed side. PD were incubated at 36 °C and colony forming unit (CFU) counted at 48h. Descriptive statistic, Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests were performed to assess the contamination levels in total, pre/post use of UVC-D, and between different sanitation levels, respectively. Results In total we had a mean of 3.39 CFU/PD (C.I. 2.05 - 4.74) and a median of 1 CFU/PD (Min. 0 - Max. 39), after UVC-D use we had a mean of 2.20 CFU/PD (C.I. 0.69 - 5.09) and a median of 0 CFU/PD (Min. 0 - Max. 133). The UVC-D led to a significant reduction of CFU (p &amp;lt; 0.001). Without UVC-D we had a significant CFU drop (p &amp;lt; 0.05) between SL1 and SL3. Using UVC-D, we observed significant reductions of contamination (p &amp;lt; 0.05) between SL3 and SL1. Comparing SL1 (median 0) post UVC-D use vs SL2 pre UVC-D use (median 0.5), and SL2 post UVC-D use (median 0) vs SL3 pre UVC-D use (median 1) we had a significant reduction of contamination (p &amp;lt; 0.05). Conclusions UVC-D improved environmental contamination in any of the three sanitation levels. Furthermore, the use of UVC-D alone was better than in-between and terminal cleaning. Although these encouraging results, the cleaning procedures executed by dedicated staff has to be considered. Key messages UVC are efficient to decrease contamination in operating theatres regardless of sanitation levels. The additional use of UVC technology to standard cleaning procedures significantly improves sanitation levels.
Macrophages of Hypothalamic Third Ventricle (1982)

Cells on the ependymal surface of hypothalamic third ventricle of hamsters exhibit surface, ultrastructural, and phagocytic features of macrophages. The object of this investigation was to identify functions that a resident phagocytic system of the ventricles of the brain may have normally. We found that supraependymal macrophages in two- to three-week-old hamsters were associated with intact and degenerating intraventricular neuronal processes, ependymal cytoplasmic blebs, and degenerating intraventricular cells. These macrophages frequently contained cellular debris within phagosomal vacuoles. In the vicinity of neuronal ganglion on the floor of the third ventricle, there were numerous structures identified as growth cones, with organelles in varying stages of alteration and degeneration. Supraependymal macrophages apparently remove cellular debris resulting from ependymal metabolic processes and from cellular and neuritic degeneration. Such activity may be part of a normal process of remodeling, involving cell growth, renewal, or cell death within the third ventricle of developing animals.
System Supplied Information (SSI): How to assess needs and plan effectively within schools/colleges (1989)

Summary SSI is a set of materials and associated processes which allow a school or college, or indeed any organisation, to survey its own needs and to plan appropriate action to meet them. The needs could be to do with any aspect of the organisation (for example, communication, staff development or training, student or client concerns). SSI was developed by the authors whilst attending a professional development course at Birmingham University.
Femmes dans la guerre (XIVe-XVe siècles) : un rôle caché par les sources ? (2004)

e -XV e sicles) : un rle cach par les sources ?
Psychobiology of Reptilian Reproduction (1975)

102MetricsTotal Downloads10Last 6 Months2Last 12 Months4Total Citations2Last 6 Months0Last 12 Months0View all metrics
Quasielastic neutron scattering study of hydrogen motion inC15−typeHfMo2H0.26 (2000)

In order to evaluate the parameters of H motion in the cubic $(C15\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{type})$ Laves phase ${\mathrm{HfMo}}_{2},$ we have performed quasielastic neutron scattering measurements on ${\mathrm{HfMo}}_{2}{\mathrm{H}}_{0.26}$ in the temperature range 15--390 K. The results are consistent with the fast localized H motion within the hexagons formed by interstitial $g({\mathrm{Hf}}_{2}{\mathrm{Mo}}_{2})$ sites. The slower jump process corresponding to H hopping from one hexagon to another has been probed by recent proton NMR measurements [A. V. Skripov et al., J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 11, 10 393 (1999)]. Comparison of the NMR and the quasielastic neutron scattering results shows that the ratio of the characteristic hopping rates for the two jump processes, ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{d}/{\ensuremath{\tau}}_{l},$ is $2.4\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{3}$ at 300 K; this ratio increases with decreasing temperature. For the series of $C15\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{type}$ ${\mathrm{AB}}_{2}$ compounds ${\mathrm{TaV}}_{2}--{\mathrm{HfMo}}_{2}--{\mathrm{ZrMo}}_{2}--{\mathrm{ZrCr}}_{2},$ it is found that the increase in the ratio of the metallic radii of the elements A and B, ${R}_{\mathrm{A}}{/R}_{\mathrm{B}},$ leads to the decrease in ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{d}/{\ensuremath{\tau}}_{l}.$
Serotype Distribution and Antimicrobial Resistance of Streptococcus agalactiae Isolates in Nonpregnant Adults with Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome in Japan in 2014 to 2021 (2023)

The incidence of streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS) due to group B <i>Streptococcus</i> (GBS) has been increasing annually in Japan and is becoming a serious challenge. Furthermore, in recent years, penicillin- or clindamycin-resistant strains used in treating streptococcal toxic shock syndrome have been reported. However, no report analyzed >100 isolates of group B <i>Streptococcus</i> causing streptococcal toxic shock syndrome. Therefore, we aimed to perform serotyping and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of 268 isolated group B <i>Streptococcus</i> strains from streptococcal toxic shock syndrome cases involving nonpregnant adult patients in Japan between 2014 and 2021. The most prevalent serotype was Ib, followed by serotypes V, III, and Ia. Seven isolates were resistant to penicillin G, and 17.9% (48 isolates) were resistant to clindamycin. Of the penicillin-resistant group B <i>Streptococcus</i> isolates, 71.4% (5 isolates) were clindamycin resistant. In addition, group B <i>Streptococcus</i> strains resistant to penicillin and clindamycin were isolated from patients with streptococcal toxic shock syndrome. Therefore, before these strains become prevalent, introduction of the group B <i>Streptococcus</i> vaccine is essential for disease prevention. <b>IMPORTANCE</b> Group B <i>Streptococcus</i> (GBS) has been increasingly associated with invasive disease in nonpregnant adults. Such infections are responsible for substantial morbidity and mortality, particularly in individuals with underlying chronic conditions. Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS) is a severe invasive infection characterized by the sudden onset of shock, multiorgan failure, and high mortality. In this study, we assessed 268 GBS-related STSS cases in nonpregnant adults in Japan between 2014 and 2021. Serotype Ib was the most prevalent, followed by serotypes V, III, and Ia, which were identified in more than 80% of STSS isolates. We found that 48 clindamycin-resistant strains and 7 penicillin G-resistant strains were isolated between 2014 and 2021. We believe that our study makes a significant contribution to the literature because we show that the GBS vaccine, particularly the hexavalent conjugate vaccine, is important to reduce the number of patients with STSS.