gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Use of noninvasive geophysical techniques for the In Situ Vitrification Program (1991)

This document is the second volume of a three volume report to evaluate geophysical methods for use in the detailed characterization of waste pits. The In Situ Vitrification (ISV) Program funded the study to support the ISV remediation technology being developed at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (INEL). The ISV Program is considering geophysical waste characterization as a means to enhance the efficiency of the ISV process. Field tests were conducted to demonstrate and evaluate the application of magnetic, electromagnetic induction, and ground penetrating radar methods to waste site characterization. The primary objective was to investigate the ability of these noninvasive geophysical methods to locate and identify buried waste materials under conditions representative of the INEL Subsurface Disposal Area (SDA). The tests were conducted at an simulated waste pit designed to represent conditions at the SDA.
Session details: Evolutionary developmental robotics (2012)

Evolutionary and Developmental Robotics have matured in parallel over the years with few interactions between them. Both fields are concerned with the automatic design of artificial creatures behavior and/or morphology, may they be virtual or real. Many progresses have been made in both fields since they split and the goal of the Evolutionary and Developmental Robotics Workshop is to discuss recent developments in both fields to highlight common problems and the complementarity of these approaches. It is aimed at renewing and facilitating the synergies between the two communities.
An N-Stage series Transistor Circuit (1956)

A description is given of some of the characteristics of a circuit wherein a number of transistors are connected so that the sum of their collector to emitter voltages appears across a common load. This circuit permits large output voltage swings to be obtained and provides a means for adding the power outputs of a number of traits. The circuit is analyzed as a cascade of common base stages with added base resistors. The contribution of the individual stages to thc total output is determined by the manner in which the base resistances are selected. Three cases are treated: equal division of voltage, equal power increase per stage, and equal power output per transistor.
Fabrication of metal embedded photo-mask for sub-micrometer scaled photolithography and patterning sapphire substrate (2012)

This paper describes the fabrication processes of a new type of metal-embedded photo-mask, which will be used in standard photolithography and for fabricating patterned sapphire substrates. This new metal-embedded photo-mask is prepared by metal contact printing lithography and therefore can easily achieve smaller feature size around or below 1 μm. Besides its easiness in fabricating and obtaining smaller line-width, this new metal-embedded photo-mask differs from a conventional Cr/glass photo-mask in that the metallic patterns are embedded and therefore are not in contact with photo-resist during UV exposure. This unique feature can minimize the damage to photo-mask in use and prolong its lifetime. In this work, this metal-embedded photo-mask is experimentally prepared and applied to photolithographic patterning of PR microstructures on sapphire substrates, which are important in LED industries.
A real-time exercise feedback utility with body sensor networks (2008)

The key to a long healthy life is the adoption of a balanced diet and regular exercise. The paper describes the use of a Body Sensor Network (BSN) for real-time corrective feedback during the performance of an exercise routine. The feedback utility will log important parameters during an exercise session to allow one to keep track of fitness progress. Inclusion of vital sign sensors such as pulse sensors avoid over exertion and exercise mishaps. A means of creating new exercise routines easily is an additional important functionality. We detail the design of a working prototype exercise system, showing how it differs from related work. We follow up with a study of its effectiveness. The system based on a combination of accelerometers and ultrasound hardware is shown to recognize correctly a subset of exercises.
Design of Coupled Porphyrin Chromophores with Unusually Large Hyperpolarizabilities (2012)

A new series of push–pull porphyrin-based chromophores with unusually large static first hyperpolarizabilities are designed on the basis of coupled-perturbed Hartree–Fock and density functional calculations. The proper combination of critical building blocks, including a ruthenium(II) bisterpyridine complex, proquinoidal thiadiazoloquinoxaline, and (porphinato)zinc(II) units, gives rise to considerable predicted enhancements of the static nonlinear optical (NLO) response, computed to be as large as 11 300 × 10–30 esu, 2 orders of magnitude larger than the benchmark [5-((4′-(dimethylamino)phenyl)ethynyl)-15-((4″-nitrophenyl)ethynyl)porphinato]zinc(II) chromophore. A two-state model was found to be useful for the qualitative description of the first hyperpolarizabilities in this class of NLO chromophores, which are predicted to have hyperpolarizabilities approaching the fundamental limit predicted to be attainable by empirical theoretical models.
Network Quality Adaptive Video Transmission (2015)

Steady improvements in bandwidth offerings over wireline and most recently even wireless networks has helped the emergence of so-called Over the top (OTT) services, that is, quality-sensitive applications which adapt to device and network conditions to deliver a service with a suitable quality for its users. Unlike traditional multimedia deployed over quality-enabled networks, OTT services cannot rely on guaranteed quality levels from the network, nor on feedback from the network on achievable quality. They depend on their own feedback to report on the quality received and infer which mishaps may be occurring at the network level. We present here an algorithm which manages the quality level of a live video stream using a standard feedback mechanism to adapt throughput to varying network conditions. It uses redundancy to both protect traffic from losses but also as a form of safety margin to both predict available throughput and isolate random fluctuations. We also show the performance of the algorithm compared to alternative solutions.
EFFECTS OF HE-O2 GAS MIXTURES ON EXERCISE TOLERANCE IN MAN (1977)

Department of Health, Physical Education and Recreation, Auburn University, Auburn, AL Dept. of HPR Auburn University Auburn, AL 36830
Patient with Chest Pain of Obscure Origin: Can AMI be Recognised Early at AED? - A Review of Diagnostic Methods and a Suggested Protocol for the Local A&E Department (2000)

Chest pain is a common presentation to Accident and Emergency departments (AED). There are many causes ranging from the most trivial, an example of which is costochondritis to the life-threatening examples such as acute myocardial infarction (AMI). It is not uncommon for acute myocardial infarction to present as atypical chest pain or discomfort, or non-diagnostic electrocardiogram (ECG). The various common diagnostic methods for AMI in patients with atypical chest pain are reviewed and a suggested protocol for managing patient with chest pain of obscure origin at AED is presented. The recent introduction of rapid bedside troponin assay is likely to bring a major impact on the management of atypical chest pain in future.
Improving the Center Section Sequence Coverage of Large Proteins Using Stepped-Fragment Ion Protection Ultraviolet Photodissociation (2022)

Ultraviolet photodissociation (UVPD) mass spectrometry has gained attention in recent years for its ability to provide high sequence coverage of intact proteins. However, secondary dissociation of fragment ions, in which fragment ions subjected to multiple laser pulses decompose into small products, is a common phenomenon during UVPD that contributes to limited coverage in the midsection of protein sequences. To counter secondary dissociation, a method involving the application of notched waveforms to modulate the trajectories of fragment ions away from the laser beam, termed fragment ion protection (FIP), was previously developed to reduce the probability of secondary dissociation. This, in turn, increased the number of identified large fragment ions. In the present study, FIP was applied to UVPD of large proteins ranging in size from 29 to 55 kDa, enhancing the abundances of large fragment ions. A stepped-FIP strategy was implemented in which UVPD mass spectra were collected using multiple different amplitudes of the FIP waveforms and then the results from the mass spectra were combined. By using stepped-FIP, the number of fragment ions in the midsections of the sequences increased for all proteins. For example, whereas no fragment ions were identified in the middle section of the sequence for glutamate dehydrogenase (55 kDa, 55+ charge state), 10 sequence ions were identified by using UVPD-FIP.
Biological membranes : a practical approach (1987)

References Organelles and membranes of animal cells Membrane fractions from plant cells Immunological methods applicable to membranes Separation and analysis of membrane lipid components Solubilization and reconstitution of membrane proteins The isolation and labelling of membrane proteins and peptides Optical spectroscopy of biological membranes Biophysical approaches to the study of biological membranes Appendices Index
Average Fisher information maximisation in presence of cost-constrained measurements (2011)

An optimal estimation framework is considered in the presence of cost-constrained measurements. The aim is to maximise the average Fisher information under a constraint on the total cost of measurement devices. An optimisation problem is formulated to calculate the optimal costs of measurement devices that maximise the average Fisher information for arbitrary observation and measurement statistics. In addition, a closed-form expression is obtained in the case of Gaussian observations and measurement noise. Numerical examples are presented to explain the results.
A 1.2 TB/s on-chip ring interconnect for 45nm 8-core enterprise Xeon&#x00AE; processor (2010)

A 1.2 TB/s ring interconnect implemented with a 9 metal 45 nm technology is described. The implementation provides on-die communication for 8 Xeon cores, 8-port parallel-access 24 MB L3 cache, and 2 system-interface ports. The efficient, flexible, and modular building-block approach used to construct our design is described.
Novel Gender-Related Regulation of CYP2C12 Gene Expression in Rats (2005)

The expression of CYP2C12 by GH occurs in female but not in male rat livers. Direct injection of the CYP2C12 promoter-luciferase gene into male rat livers showed that the CYP2C12 promoter was active in both male and female rats. Thus, to further examine one or more factors that regulate the gender-related expression of CYP2C12, male rats were treated with trichostatin A, a specific inhibitor of histone deacetylase capable of condensing the chromatin structure. Interestingly, the expression of CYP2C12 by GH was seen even in the livers of male rats, indicating that histone deacetylase contributes to the suppression of CYP2C12 expression in male rats. Deoxyribonuclease I hypersensitive assay using nuclei from the livers of male or female rats revealed that the chromatin structure of the CYP2C12 gene was gender specific: a hypersensitive site at a position -4.2 kb containing GH-responsive element that bound to signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5), termed as HS (hypersensitive site) 1, was specific for female rat livers, whereas a hypersensitive site at a position -3 kb, designated as HSm (male-specific hypersensitive site), was characteristic of male rat livers. A -3425/-3275 region within HSm functioned as a negative regulatory region, when the region was inserted in front of simian virus 40 promoter. Gel shift assay demonstrated that both CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha and beta bound to the -3425/-3275 region. Based on these results, we conclude that the gender-related expression of the CYP2C12 gene results from the inaccessibility of to STAT5 to the GH-responsive element by chromatin condensation seen in male rat livers, and from the presence of the male-specific HSm that acts as a silencer.
A Distinct Advantage to Intraarterial Delivery of 89Zr-Bevacizumab in PET Imaging of Mice With and Without Osmotic Opening of the Blood–Brain Barrier (2018)

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive and common type of brain cancer. Five-year survival rates are below 12%, even with the most aggressive trimodal therapies. Poor blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability of therapeutics is a major obstacle to efficacy. Intravenous administration of bevacizumab is the standard treatment for GBM. It has been recently demonstrated that a single intraarterial infusion of bevacizumab provides superior therapeutic outcomes in patients with recurrent GBM. Further GBM treatment benefits can be achieved through opening of the BBB before intraarterial infusion of bevacizumab. However, a rationale for intraarterial delivery and BBB opening when delivering antibodies is lacking. A method facilitating quantification of intraarterial delivery of bevacizumab is needed for more effective and personalized GBM treatment. Here, we demonstrate such a method using PET imaging of radiolabeled bevacizumab. <b>Methods:</b> Bevacizumab was conjugated with deferoxamine and subsequently radiolabeled with <sup>89</sup>Zr. <sup>89</sup>Zr-bevacizumab deferoxamine (<sup>89</sup>Zr-BVDFO) was prepared with a specific radioactivity of 81.4 ± 7.4 MBq/mg (2.2 ± 0.2 μCi/mg). Brain uptake of <sup>89</sup>Zr-BVDFO on carotid artery and tail vein infusion with an intact BBB or with BBB opening with mannitol was initially monitored by dynamic PET, followed by whole-body PET/CT at 1 and 24 h after infusion. Th ex vivo biodistribution of <sup>89</sup>Zr-BVDFO was also determined. <b>Results:</b> Intraarterial administration of <sup>89</sup>Zr-BVDFO resulted in gradual accumulation of radioactivity in the ipsilateral hemisphere, with 9.16 ± 2.13 percentage injected dose/cm<sup>3</sup> at the end of infusion. There was negligible signal observed in the contralateral hemisphere. BBB opening with mannitol before intraarterial infusion of <sup>89</sup>Zr-BVDFO resulted in faster and higher uptake in the ipsilateral hemisphere (23.58 ± 4.46 percentage injected dose/cm<sup>3</sup>) and negligible uptake in the contralateral hemisphere. In contrast, intravenous infusion of <sup>89</sup>Zr-BVDFO and subsequent BBB opening did not lead to uptake of radiotracer in the brain. The ex vivo biodistribution results validated the PET/CT studies. <b>Conclusion:</b> Our findings demonstrate that intraarterial delivery of bevacizumab into the brain across an osmotically opened BBB is effective, in contrast to the intravenous route.
From the Cover: Metabolomics Reveals a Role of Betaine in Prenatal DBP Exposure-Induced Epigenetic Transgenerational Failure of Spermatogenesis in Rats (2017)

There is increasing concern that early-life exposure to endocrine disruptors affects male offspring reproduction. However, whether di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), a widely used endocrine disruptor, has transgenerational effects and, if so, the exact underlying molecular mechanisms involved remain unknown. In our study, 5 of time-mated pregnant SD rats were exposed to 0 and 500 mg/kg DBP with corn oil as the vehicle via oral gavage from embryonic days (E8-E14). Epigenetic and metabolomic of testis were analyzed after post-natal 60 days. Sperm and testicular cell functions were examined to confirm the transgenerational effects. DBP exposure significantly decreased the sperm counts in F1 through F3 generation. We found distinct metabolic changes in the testis of both F1 and F3 generation offspring, specifically, a significantly increased level of betaine, which is an important methyl donor. In contrast, the expression of betaine homocysteine S-methyltransferase (BHMT), which catalyzes the transfer of methyl moiety from betaine to homocysteine, significantly decreased. There was accompanying global DNA hypomethylation, along with a reduction in follistatin-like 3 (Fstl3) promoter hypomethylation, which is a known modulator of Sertoli cell number and spermatogenesis. In summary, we conclude that metabolomic and epigenetic changes induced by the aberrant expression of BHMT represent a novel mechanism linking in utero DBP exposure to transgenerational spermatogenesis failure.
Controlling Sacbrood Virus Disease in Apis cerana Colonies with Biological Methods in Korea (2018)

As Sacbrood virus (SBV), a causative agent of larval death and colony collapse in Apis cerana honey bee, is prevalent and poses one of the most significant threats to the Korean apiculture, development of methods to counter this viral disease is urgently needed. In this study we tested some SBV controlling methods, such as requeen, shook swam, adding Apis mellifera and spraying yogurt to SBV inoculated colony. Colony size measured by number of sealed brood and adult were evaluated every 15 days until two months while instances of recurrence were recorded up to five months after applying treatment methods. We also test the effects of yogurt on healthy and SBV-infected larvae at both in vitro reared larvae and colony level. Our result showed that all SBV controlling methods had similar success rates with respect to elimination of SBV clinical symptom up to 30 days post treatment. Mix-species and spraying yogurt method had similar pattern of sealed brood and adult number and higher than that of other SBV controlling methods up to 45 days post treatment. These two groups also showed the lower percentage of SBV recurrence (50% and 66.7%) at 120 days post treatment than other group that mostly colony had clinical symptom. Result on in vitro reared larvae challenged with yogurt showed that yogurt have neither harmless on healthy larvae nor remedial effect on SBV infected larvae. However, at colony level, colony in group received yogurt treatment removed significantly more SBV-infected larvae, SBV-killed larvae, and even healthy larvae in comparison to the control, suggested that yogurt could trigger the hygienic behavior of nurse bee. Our results recommended that it is practical in beekeeping by adding A. mellifera and spraying yogurt to control SBV in A. cerana colony.
Retinoid X Receptor Acts as a Hormone Receptor in Vivo to Induce a Key Metabolic Enzyme for 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1995)

We demonstrate here that RNA levels of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D3-24-hydroxylase (24-(OH)ase), a key catabolic enzyme for 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, are increased by a highly selective retinoid X receptor (RXR) ligand, LG100268, in mice within hours. Correspondingly, upon LG100268 treatment, kidney 24-(OH)ase enzymatic activity increases 5-10-fold. The endogenous retinoid hormones, all-trans-retinoic acid and 9-cis-retinoic acid, and the synthetic retinoic acid receptor-selective compound, TTNPB, also stimulate 24-(OH)ase. Additionally, we show that LG100268 stimulates transcription of a luciferase reporter plasmid driven by 24-(OH)ase promoter sequences in the presence of RXR in CV-1 cell cotransactivation assays. This first demonstration of a gene that is regulated in the intact animal through an RXR-mediated pathway confirms earlier hypotheses that RXR is a bona fide hormone receptor. Regulation of a key gene in the vitamin D signaling pathway by a retinoid transducer may provide a molecular basis for some of the documented biological effects of vitamin A on bone and vitamin D metabolism.
The Potential for Inappropriate Ventricular Tachycardia Confirmation Using the Intracardiac Electrogram (EGM) Width Criterion (1999)

The "Intracardiac Electrogram (EGM) Width Criterion," the first digital signal processing feature used in an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD), is a detection enhancement algorithm that intends to improve ventricular tachycardia (VT) detection specificity by rejecting inappropriately detected supraventricular tachyarrhythmias. The algorithm may be activated after setting the optimal EGM source, slew, and width thresholds based on EGM width testing during sinus rhythm. This study evaluates the accuracy of the EGM width measurements during exercise testing. Twenty-one patients with Medtronic Micro Jewel II Model 7223 ICDs underwent treadmill exercise testing. EGM width testing was repeatedly performed during exercise and recovery to detect potential inappropriate measurements. In seven (33%) patients the EGM Width Criterion inappropriately confirmed VT detection. Eleven patients had inappropriately wide EGM width measurements, but did not satisfy the EGM Width Criterion. The causes of wide EGM width measurements were an actual increase in EGM width and/or inappropriate detection of the baseline irregularities as EGM onset or offset points. Based on our observations, we recommend to test the EGM Width Criterion during exercise testing for optimal ICD programming.
ChemInform Abstract: A Synthetic and Mechanistic Study of Oxycarbene‐like Coupling Reaction Patterns of Actinide η2‐Acyl Complexes with Carbon Monoxide and Isocyanides. (1986)

Abstract Der Th‐ Komplex (Ia) reagiert mit CO zu dem Komplex (II), während die Carbonylierung in Gegenwart von Phosphinen zu den Ylid‐Komplexen (III) führt.
Critical Appraisal of Large Vitamin D Randomized Controlled Trials (2022)

As a consequence of epidemiological studies showing significant associations of vitamin D deficiency with a variety of adverse extra-skeletal clinical outcomes including cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and mortality, large vitamin D randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been designed and conducted over the last few years. The vast majority of these trials did not restrict their study populations to individuals with vitamin D deficiency, and some even allowed moderate vitamin D supplementation in the placebo groups. In these RCTs, there were no significant effects on the primary outcomes, including cancer, cardiovascular events, and mortality, but explorative outcome analyses and meta-analyses revealed indications for potential benefits such as reductions in cancer mortality or acute respiratory infections. Importantly, data from RCTs with relatively high doses of vitamin D supplementation did, by the vast majority, not show significant safety issues, except for trials in critically or severely ill patients or in those using very high intermittent vitamin D doses. The recent large vitamin D RCTs did not challenge the beneficial effects of vitamin D regarding rickets and osteomalacia, that therefore continue to provide the scientific basis for nutritional vitamin D guidelines and recommendations. There remains a great need to evaluate the effects of vitamin D treatment in populations with vitamin D deficiency or certain characteristics suggesting a high sensitivity to treatment. Outcomes and limitations of recently published large vitamin D RCTs must inform the design of future vitamin D or nutrition trials that should use more personalized approaches.