gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Proteomic analysis of the E2F1 response in p53‐negative cancer cells: New aspects in the regulation of cell survival and death (2006)

E2F1 is an essential transcription factor that regulates cell-cycle progression and apoptosis. Overexpression of E2F1 sensitizes neoplastic cells to apoptosis and leads to tumor growth suppression, making it an interesting target for anticancer therapy. Use of E2F1 as a therapeutic, however, requires a detailed knowledge of the mechanisms by which it controls cellular proliferation and apoptosis, and of other potential E2F1 activities. In this study, a differential proteome analysis was performed to identify proteins associated with E2F1 activity in inducible p53-deficient Saos-2ERE2F1 osteosarcoma cells. 2-DE revealed a distinct protein profile at 32 h after E2F1 activation. Thirty-three proteins were reproducibly identified as either up-regulated or down-regulated. Proteins were identified by MALDI-MS. They included hitherto unknown E2F1 target proteins of cytoskeletal origin, chaperones, enzymes, proteasomal proteins, and several heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins, suggesting its role in the ER-stress response, protein degradation, and modulation of pre-mRNA splicing. Protein analysis-derived results were verified by Western blot using representative protein candidates. Thirteen identified proteins were the products of genes known to be cancer related. Thus, proteome analysis provides new information about the complexity of E2F1 activities in human cancer cells that may be considered when using E2F1 as a drug.
Polygenic inheritance of breast cancer: Implications for design of association studies (2003)

Susceptibility to breast cancer is likely to be the result of susceptibility alleles in many different genes. In particular, one segregation analysis of breast cancer suggested that disease susceptibility in noncarriers of BRCA1/2 mutations may be explicable in terms of a polygenic model, with large numbers of susceptibility polymorphisms acting multiplicatively on risk. We considered the implications for such a model on the design of association studies to detect susceptibility polymorphisms, in particular the efficacy of utilizing cases with a family history of the disease, together with unrelated controls. Relative to a standard case-control association study with cases unselected for family history, the sample size required to detect a common disease susceptibility allele was typically reduced by more than twofold if cases with an affected first-degree relative were selected, and by more than fourfold if cases with two affected first-degree relatives were utilized. The relative efficiency obtained by using familial cases was greater for rarer alleles. Analysis of extended families indicated that the power was most dependent on the immediate (first-degree) family history. Bilateral cases may offer a similar gain in power to cases with two affected first-degree relatives. In contrast to the strong effect of family history, varying the ages at diagnosis of the cases across the range of 35-65 years did not strongly affect the power to detect association. These results indicate that association studies based on cases with a strong family history, identified for example through cancer genetics clinics, may be substantially more efficient than population-based studies.
Ellipsoidal capillary as condenser for the BESSY full-field x-ray microscope (2009)

The BESSY x-ray microscopy group has developed a new full-field x-ray microscope which employs an advanced x-ray optical concept. Traditionally, zone plate based condensers are used in x-ray microscopes providing an energy resolution of only E/ΔE ≤ 500. In addition, this conventional monochromator concept requires a pinhole close to the sample restricting the available space for tomography applications. In our new BESSY microscope, a standard monochromator beam line provides a high energy resolution of up to 10,000 which permits NEXAFS studies. An elliptically shaped mono-capillary is used to form the hollow cone illumination necessary for sample illumination and to match the aperture of the objective. Calculations regarding the performance and accuracies needed are presented and characterizations of capillaries especially made for the BESSY soft x-ray microscope are shown. For the first time, we demonstrate that glass capillaries are well suited as condensers in the soft x-ray energy domain. Their focusing efficiency was measured to be 80% which is about an order of magnitude higher than the diffraction efficiency of zone plate based condensers.
Inhibition of tumour necrosis factor and reversal of endotoxin‐induced shock by U‐83836E, a ‘second generation’ lazaroid in rats (1998)

1. Antioxidants can exert protective effects in endotoxic shock by either a reduction of the oxidant damage or attenuation of Tumour Necrosis Factor (TNF-alpha) production. 2. Lazaroids are a family of compounds that inhibit lipid peroxidation. Besides, they can also reduce TNF-alpha. U-83836E is a new lazaroid lacking the glucocorticoid ring. 3. Aim of our study was to investigate the effect of U-83836E on TNF-alpha production either in vivo or in vitro. Endotoxic shock was produced in male rats by a single intravenous (i.v.) injection of 20 mg kg(-1) of S. enteritidis lipopolysaccharide (LPS). LPS administration reduced survival rate (0% survival, 72 h after endotoxin administration), decreased mean arterial blood pressure, increased serum and macrophage TNF-alpha and enhanced plasma malonylaldehyde (MAL) levels. Furthermore aortic rings from shocked rats showed a marked hyporeactivity to phenylephrine (PE 1 nM-10 microM). 4. Treatment with U-83836E (7.5, 15 and 30 mg kg(-1), i.v.) 5 min after endotoxin challenge significantly protected against LPS induced lethality (90% survival rate and 80% survival rate 24 h and 72 h after LPS injection respectively, following the highest dose of the drug), reduced hypotension, blunted plasma MAL, decreased serum and macrophage TNF-alpha and restored the hyporeactivity of aortic rings to control values. In vitro LPS stimulation (50 microg ml(-1) for 4 h) significantly increased cytokine production in macrophages (Mphi) harvested from untreated normal rats. Pretreatment with pertussis toxin (PT; 0.1, 1 and 10 ng ml(-1) 4 h before LPS) significantly increased TNF-alpha production. PT effects on these LPS responses were correlated with a PT mediated ADP ribosylation of a 41 kDa protein. U-83836E (50 microM) reduced, in a dose dependent manner, LPS induced TNF-alpha production and inhibited the PT effects on cytokine production and on ADP ribosylation of the protein. 5. Our data suggest that lazaroids may affect the early events associated with LPS receptor mediated activation of a G protein in LPS induced TNF-alpha production. These molecular events may explain, at least in part, the in vivo inhibition of cytokine production and reversal of endotoxic shock.
Cognition néonatale et épigenèse (2019)

En une dizaine d’années, l’apparition de nouvelles techniques, des puces à ADN au séquençage à haut débit ainsi que la découverte de concepts novateurs comme les ARN non codants ou les régulations épigénétiques ont révolutionné notre compréhension du développement. L’épigénomique, discipline qui étudie l’influence des modifications environnementales sur l’expression d’un génome, permet une meilleure compréhension du développement du système nerveux central. En s’appuyant sur différents travaux issus de l’embryogenèse, nous tentons de montrer comment une approche épigénétique peut également s’appliquer pour appréhender la construction des connaissances chez le nourrisson. L’hypothèse que nous défendons est que les mécanismes prénataux responsables de la construction de la neuroanatomie sont de même nature que ceux qui sont mis en œuvre, après la naissance, lors de la mise en place des structures et fonctions de la cognition néonatale.
General Model for the Uniaxial Tensile Strength Characteristic Curve of Unsaturated Soils (2021)

Characterization of tensile strength is critical to investigate the influence of desiccation and tensile cracks on the structural integrity of natural and artificial earthen structures and slopes. Although several models for the prediction of tensile strength of unsaturated soils have been proposed in the literature, critical gaps remain regarding a comprehensive model describing the tensile behavior of all soil types over a wide range of suction. This paper presents a general model for the tensile strength characteristic curve (TSCC) which establishes a relationship between the tensile strength versus water content in unsaturated soils. The proposed model is applicable to various soil types ranging from clean sands to silty and clayey soils. Tensile strength is characterized using the suction stress concept, and the TSCC model is built upon the concept that changes in tensile strength with water content (or degree of saturation) are primarily dominated by two distinct water retention mechanisms of capillarity and adsorption. Differences in the characteristics of capillary and adsorptive mechanisms and interparticle forces cause dissimilarities in the resultant TSCC in different soil types. Thus, a two-part suction stress characteristic curve (SSCC) was incorporated into the development of the TSCC to separately account for and distinguish interparticle forces and the resultant tensile strength under capillary and adsorptive mechanisms. The model was validated against laboratory-measured tensile strength reported in the literature for 10 soils, and was found to capture the tensile behavior of sandy, silty, and clayey soils well. Compared with several alternative models, the predictive accuracy of the proposed model was greater, particularly for clayey soils at low water contents (high suction). This superior performance can be attributed to properly accounting for the effect of adsorption mechanism, which is significant in clays.
Operating System Internals (1988)

This chapter is intended to introduce the reader to some of the internal mechanisms of the operating system. The material covered is aimed at the more experienced user or system administrator who is beginning to question the way in which an Apollo operates. The chapter is not exhaustive, but attempts to answer some of the points most frequently raised. Note that some of the the commands discussed in this chapter may, if used incorrectly, cause damage to the system and therefore should not be used without authority.
Die technische Vitamin‐A‐Synthese der BASF (1973)

Abstract Zur Synthese von Vitamin A nach dem Verfahren der BASF werden aus petrochemischen Grundstoffen zunächst C 15 ‐ und C 5 ‐Teilstücke aufgebaut. Die Vereinigung dieser Zwischenprodukte zu Vitamin A gelingt mit Hilfe der Wittig‐Reaktion, die hier erstmals Eingang in die Technik findet. Es wird über die Entwicklung dieses Verfahrens und seine Durchführung in einer kontinuierlich arbeitenden Produktionsanlage berichtet.
Factors affecting pollen dynamics and its importance to pollen contamination: a review (1991)

Pollen contamination causes major losses to genetic improvement from selection and breeding of "plus" trees in conifer seed orchards. Genetic losses arise by the influx of "wild" conspecific pollen into seed orchards and its deleterious fertilization of superior genetic lines. This review firstly addresses the basis of the problem: pollen, conifer reproduction, and the concept of seed orchard management, especially in regard to reduction of contamination. Secondly, the physical processes of pollen liberation, dispersal, and deposition are described, and examples of previous studies illuminating these phenomena given. Thirdly, past research on measuring pollen dispersal in natural stands and seed orchards in discussed in the light of modelling techniques used to predict these types of dispersal pattern. Work on the other facets of contamination measurement, gene-flow studies, are listed. It is concluded that a detailed study that combines both the physical and gene-flow aspects of pollen dispersal should be initiated to compare and contrast the two methods, and that attempts to model pollen contamination should be sought.
Guidelines for treatment of atopic eczema (atopic dermatitis) Part II (2012)

Abstract The existing evidence for treatment of atopic eczema (atopic dermatitis, AE) is evaluated using the national standard Appraisal of Guidelines Research and Evaluation. The consensus process consisted of a nominal group process and a DELPHI procedure. Management of AE must consider the individual symptomatic variability of the disease. Basic therapy is focused on hydrating topical treatment, and avoidance of specific and unspecific provocation factors. Anti‐inflammatory treatment based on topical glucocorticosteroids and topical calcineurin inhibitors (TCI) is used for exacerbation management and more recently for proactive therapy in selected cases. Topical corticosteroids remain the mainstay of therapy, but the TCI tacrolimus and pimecrolimus are preferred in certain locations. Systemic immune‐suppressive treatment is an option for severe refractory cases. Microbial colonization and superinfection may induce disease exacerbation and can justify additional antimicrobial treatment. Adjuvant therapy includes UV irradiation preferably with UVA1 wavelength or UVB 311 nm. Dietary recommendations should be specific and given only in diagnosed individual food allergy. Allergen‐specific immunotherapy to aeroallergens may be useful in selected cases. Stress‐induced exacerbations may make psychosomatic counselling recommendable. ‘Eczema school’ educational programs have been proven to be helpful. Pruritus is targeted with the majority of the recommended therapies, but some patients need additional antipruritic therapies.
Application of XML tools for enterprise-wide RBAC implementation tasks (2000)

The use of Extensible Markup Language (XML) and its associated APIs, for information modeling and information interchange applications is being actively explored by the reseach community. In this paper we develop an XML Document Type Definition (DTD) for representing the schema of a Role-based Access Control (RBAC) Model and a conforming XML document containing the actual RBAC-based access control data for a commercial banking application. Based on this DTD, the XML document and the methods in the Document Object Model (DOM) API Level 1.0 standards, we describe three application tasks related to enterprise-wide implementation of RBAC. They are: (a)implementing an RBAC model for a database application (b)implementing RBAC models with identical data on two different database servers and (c)transforming data under an RBAC model to a different, but structurally similar model like Group-based Access Control model. Other potential Access Control Service applications exploiting the capabilities of some commercial XML processors are also outlined.
Vertically integrated, three-dimensional nanowire complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor circuits (2009)

Three-dimensional (3D), multi-transistor-layer, integrated circuits represent an important technological pursuit promising advantages in integration density, operation speed, and power consumption compared with 2D circuits. We report fully functional, 3D integrated complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) circuits based on separate interconnected layers of high-mobility n-type indium arsenide (n-InAs) and p-type germanium/silicon core/shell (p-Ge/Si) nanowire (NW) field-effect transistors (FETs). The DC voltage output (V(out)) versus input (V(in)) response of vertically interconnected CMOS inverters showed sharp switching at close to the ideal value of one-half the supply voltage and, moreover, exhibited substantial DC gain of approximately 45. The gain and the rail-to-rail output switching are consistent with the large noise margin and minimal static power consumption of CMOS. Vertically interconnected, three-stage CMOS ring oscillators were also fabricated by using layer-1 InAs NW n-FETs and layer-2 Ge/Si NW p-FETs. Significantly, measurements of these circuits demonstrated stable, self-sustained oscillations with a maximum frequency of 108 MHz, which represents the highest-frequency integrated circuit based on chemically synthesized nanoscale materials. These results highlight the flexibility of bottom-up assembly of distinct nanoscale materials and suggest substantial promise for 3D integrated circuits.
Bildqualität aufaddierter Schichten bei MSCT-Untersuchungen des Thorax: Bildnachverarbeitung versus Direktrekonstruktion (2007)

The interactive creation of thickened slices is an effective tool for the evaluation of MSCT examinations. For the defined scan parameters in this study there were no differences in image quality between postprocessing methods (e. g. slab viewer) and direct image reconstruction.
ULTRA-LOW-POWER INTEGRATED ACOUSTO-OPTIC FILTER (1991)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text D. A. SMITH, J. J. JOHNSON, and J. E. BARAN, "ULTRA-LOW-POWER INTEGRATED ACOUSTO-OPTIC FILTER," Optics & Photonics News 2(12), 32-32 (1991) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Online improvement of the reliability of PRF based temperature maps displayed during laser-induced thermotherapy of liver lesions (2009)

The proton-resonance frequency (PRF) shift technique exploits the phase of the MR signal that is proportional to the temperature of the observed tissue. That is, temperature changes are derived relative to a reference image acquired before the thermotherapy. However, the phase of the MR signal is also altered by motion of the observed tissue in imperfect magnetic fields and susceptibility
Oxygenate Reactions over PdCu and PdAg Catalysts: Distinguishing Electronic and Geometric Effects on Reactivity and Selectivity (2020)

We investigate PdCu and PdAg catalysts in the context of oxygenate upgrading for biofuels. To this end, we measure the rates of decarbonylation and hydrogenation of butyraldehyde, the reactive intermediate for the industrially relevant Guerbet condensation, and correlate the selectivity and reactivity with the properties of the catalysts via a range of characterization efforts. Data obtained from EXAFS and XANES show that the bulk of the catalyst metallic nanoparticles is enriched in Pd, while the surface is enriched in Cu and Ag. The data for PdCu show clear dominance of geometric (ensemble) effects on the selectivity. Conversely, the electronic (ligand) effects of alloying dominate over the reaction rate of the catalysts, as electron donation from Cu to Pd promotes the Cu and increases the desired (de)hydrogenation reactions. In contrast, in PdAg catalysts, the weaker electronic exchange, as indicated by Pd L edge XANES and theoretical calculations, is not sufficient to promote Ag, resulting in monotonic loss of activity with increasing Ag content and without selectivity improvement. We use the implications of these findings to provide valuable design principles for oxygenate catalysis and to discover a highly selective bifunctional catalyst system, comprised of a PdCu alloy catalyst and titanium dioxide for the upgrading of ethanol to longer-chain oxygenates.&lt;br&gt;
Interactive volumetric lighting simulating scattering and shadowing (2010)

In this paper we present a volumetric lighting model, which simulates scattering as well as shadowing in order to generate high quality volume renderings. By approximating light transport in inhomogeneous participating media, we are able to come up with an efficient GPU implementation, in order to achieve the desired effects at interactive frame rates. Moreover, in many cases the frame rates are even higher as those achieved with conventional gradient-based shading. To evaluate the impact of the proposed illumination model on the spatial comprehension of volumetric objects, we have conducted a user study, in which the participants had to perform depth perception tasks. The results of this study show, that depth perception is significantly improved when comparing our illumination model to conventional gradient-based volume shading. Additionally, since our volumetric illumination model is not based on gradient calculation, it is also less sensitive to noise and therefore also applicable to imaging modalities incorporating a higher degree of noise, as for instance magnet resonance tomography or 3D ultrasound.
Auto-diagnosis of field problems in an appliance operating system (2000)

The use of network appliances, i.e., computer systems specialized to perform a single function, is becoming increasingly widespread. Network appliances have many advantages over traditional general-purpose systems such as higher performance/cost metrics, easier configuration and lower costs of management.

Unfortunately, while the complexity of configuration and management of network appliances in normal usage is much lower than that of general-purpose systems, this is not always true in problem situations. The debugging of configuration and performance problems with appliance computers is a task similar to the debugging of such problems with general-purpose systems, and requires substantial expertise.

This paper examines the issues of appliance-like management and performance debugging. We present a number of techniques that enable appliance-like problem diagnosis. These include continuous monitoring for abnormal conditions, diagnosis of configuration problems of network protocols via protocol augmentation, path-based problem isolation via cross-layer analysis, and automatic configuration change tracking. We also describe the use of these techniques in a problem autodiagnosis subsystem that we have built for the Data ONTAP operating system. Our experience with this system indicates a significant reduction in the cost of problem debugging and a much simpler user experience.
Supplementary Table 4 from Comprehensive DNA Methylation Analysis Indicates That Pancreatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia Lesions Are Acinar-Derived and Epigenetically Primed for Carcinogenesis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Pairwise mean-based differentially methylated regions&lt;/p&gt;
Linezolid Resistance since 2001: SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program (2003)

Linezolid resistance remains rare, with only 8 isolates among 9833 (0.08%) monitored isolates identified between January 1, 2001, and June 30, 2002. Resistance, however, was no longer limited to enterococci. Clinical laboratories should test linezolid more widely to detect emerging resistance, especially for patients receiving oxazolidinone therapy. Longitudinal surveillance programs are warranted to detect a trend in the development of resistance, determine the molecular mechanism of resistance, and recommend alternative therapies or epidemiologic interventions.
Regulation of Tyrosine and Phenylalanine Biosynthesis in Escherichia coli K-12: Properties of the tyrR Gene Product (1973)

A spontaneous amber tyrR mutant has been isolated in which constitutive synthesis of 3-deoxy-d-arabinoheptulosonic acid 7-phosphate (DAHP) synthetase (tyr) and DAHP synthetase (phe) is suppressible by supC(-), supD(-), supF(-) and supU(-). This finding suggests the tyrR gene product is a protein. Derepression of DAHP synthetase (phe) in this and in seven other spontaneous tyrR mutants and in four Mu-1-induced tyrR mutants provides further evidence for the involvement of the tyrR gene product in phenylalanine biosynthesis. Evidence that the tyrR product is a component of repressor, rather than an enzyme involved in its synthesis or modification, comes from a study of a temperature-sensitive tyrR mutant. This mutant is of the thermolabile type, since derepression occurs rapidly and in the presence and absence of growth.