gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Blockchain for Giving Patients Control over their Medical Records (2020)

Personal health records (PHRs) are valuable assets to individuals because they enable them to integrate and manage their medical data. A PHR is an electronic application through which patients can manage their health information. Giving patients control over their medical data offers an advantageous realignment of the doctor-patient dynamic. However, today's PHR management systems fall short of giving reliable, traceable, trustful, and secure patients control over their medical data, which poses serious threats to their authenticity and accuracy. Moreover, most of the current approaches and systems leveraged for managing PHR are centralized that not only make medical data sharing difficult but also poses a risk of single point of failure problem. In this paper, we propose Ethereum blockchain-based smart contracts to give patients control over their data in a manner that is decentralized, immutable, transparent, traceable, trustful, and secure. The proposed system employs decentralized storage of interplanetary file systems (IPFS), proxy re-encryption, and trusted reputation-based oracles to securely fetch, store, and share patients' medical data. We present algorithms along with their full implementation details. We evaluate the proposed smart contracts using two important performance metrics, such as cost and correctness. Furthermore, we provide security analysis and discuss the generalization aspects of our solution. We outline the limitations of the proposed approach. We make the smart contract source code publicly available on Github.
Rate equation modeling of interface width (1989)

A recently developed rate equation model describing epitaxial growth is described. This method consists of a set of equations that govern the concentration of islands of varying sizes and heights above the substrate. There is one equation for the time rate of change of the number of islands of each possible size at the jth level above the substrate. Diffracted-intensity oscillations can be calculated, as can a qualitatively detailed intensity profile, when combined with some simple arguments from statistical mechanics. The dependence of the interface width (the number of incomplete layers) on temperature, deposition rate, and binding energies is considered. A qualitative criterion is given that determines when an interface is ‘‘rough’’ or ‘‘smooth,’’ and a quantitative restatement of this criterion then allows us to calculate two transition temperatures T1 and T2&amp;lt;TR (where TR is the equilibrium roughening temperature). This result implies that for T1&amp;lt;T&amp;lt;T2, the interface width is bounded, while for temperatures outside this interval, a transition to unbounded growth should be observed. Factors that influence a comparison with diffraction experiments are briefly discussed.
Structural genomics of the Thermotoga maritima proteome implemented in a high-throughput structure determination pipeline (2002)

Structural genomics is emerging as a principal approach to define protein structure-function relationships. To apply this approach on a genomic scale, novel methods and technologies must be developed to determine large numbers of structures. We describe the design and implementation of a high-throughput structural genomics pipeline and its application to the proteome of the thermophilic bacterium Thermotoga maritima. By using this pipeline, we successfully cloned and attempted expression of 1,376 of the predicted 1,877 genes (73%) and have identified crystallization conditions for 432 proteins, comprising 23% of the T. maritima proteome. Representative structures from TM0423 glycerol dehydrogenase and TM0449 thymidylate synthase-complementing protein are presented as examples of final outputs from the pipeline.
Akathisia, restless legs and periodic limb movements in sleep in Parkinson’s disease (2004)

Restless legs syndrome (RLS) symptoms are often reported in Parkinson's disease (PD), but prevalence studies of RLS in PD are few and the results are inconsistent. In addition, clinical overlapping between RLS, "wearing-off"-related lower limb discomfort and restlessness, and akathisia complicate the clinical assessments of true RLS in PD. Underlying pathophysiology potentially shared by RLS and PD is mainly suggested by similarities in treatment response. Functional imaging studies in RLS are still inconclusive, although some authors have found subtle deficits in nigrostriatal terminal function. Long-term prospective studies of RLS cohorts will clarify whether or not RLS is associated with an increased risk for development of PD.
Development and application of a differential method for reliable metabolome analysis in Escherichia coli (2008)

Quantitative metabolomics of microbial cultures requires well-designed sampling and quenching procedures. We successfully developed and applied a differential method to obtain a reliable set of metabolome data for Escherichia coli K12 MG1655 grown in steady-state, aerobic, glucose-limited chemostat cultures. From a rigorous analysis of the commonly applied quenching procedure based on cold aqueous methanol, it was concluded that it was not applicable because of release of a major part of the metabolites from the cells. No positive effect of buffering or increasing the ionic strength of the quenching solution was observed. Application of a differential method in principle requires metabolite measurements in total broth and filtrate for each measurement. Different methods for sampling of culture filtrate were examined, and it was found that direct filtration without cooling of the sample was the most appropriate. Analysis of culture filtrates revealed that most of the central metabolites and amino acids were present in significant amounts outside the cells. Because the turnover time of the pools of extracellular metabolites is much larger than that of the intracellular pools, the differential method should also be applicable to short-term pulse response experiments without requiring measurement of metabolites in the supernatant during the dynamic period.
Stable 1H-Benzo[c]thio- and 1H-Benzo[c]selenophen-2-ium Tetrafluoroborates: Insight into Electronic Structures, Electrochemical Behavior, and Reactivity (2017)

The synthesis of 1H-benzo[c]thio- and 1H-benzo[c]selenophen-2-ium tetrafluoroborates by the reaction of triphenylcarbenium tetrafluoroborate with 1-ethylidene-1,3-dihydrobenzo[c]thiophene or 1-ethylidene-1,3-dihydrobenzo[c]selenophene, respectively, is reported. The electronic structure of these novel 1H-benzo[c]chalcogenophenium salts was examined on the basis of their electronic spectra, whereby transitions were assigned in agreement with theoretical calculations. Electrochemical measurements revealed irreversible one-electron reduction waves for these 1H-benzo[c]chalcogenophenium salts.
Fullwave analysis of stacked structures involving layers with inhomogeneous and bianisotropic material constitution (2002)

A method of analysis for electromagnetic wave phenomena in multilayered media and waveguides consisting of inhomogeneous and bianisotropic materials is presented. Both imposed and eigenstate problems are addressed. Particular emphasis is placed on numerical results concerning Brillouin diagrams and Green's functions associated with corrugated structures.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Disulfiram Inhibits Defluorination of 18F-FCWAY, Reduces Bone Radioactivity, and Enhances Visualization of Radioligand Binding to Serotonin 5-HT1A Receptors in Human Brain (2007)

A single oral dose of disulfiram inhibited about 70% of the defluorination of (18)F-FCWAY, increased the plasma concentration of (18)F-FCWAY, increased brain uptake of activity, and resulted in better visualization of 5-HT(1A) receptor in the brain. Disulfiram is a safe and well-tolerated drug that may be useful for other radioligands that undergo defluorination via CYP2E1.
Uveitis associated with rifabutin and macrolide therapy for Mycobacterium avium intracellulare infection in AIDS patients. (1996)

Rifabutin can cause a reversible uveitis. This risk is increased with concurrent clarithromycin therapy. Adverse drug interactions can be an important cause of morbidity in patients with advanced HIV disease.
The EQ-5D (Euroqol) is a valid generic instrument for measuring quality of life in patients with dyspepsia (2009)

The EQ-5D is an acceptable, valid and reliable generic instrument for measuring HRQOL in adult patients with dyspepsia.
Effect of tool geometry variation on finish turning – A Review (2011)

The effect of cutting tool geometry has long been an issue in understanding mechanics of turning. Tool geometry has significant influence on chip formation, heat generation, tool wear, surface finish and surface integrity during turning. This article presents a survey on variation in tool geometry i.e. tool nose radius, rake angle, groove on the rake face, variable edge geometry, wiper geometry and curvilinear edge tools and their effect on tool wear, surface roughness and surface integrity of the machined surface. Further modeling and simulation approaches on tool geometry including one approach developed in a recent study, on variable micro-geometry tools, is discussed in brief.
Non circular ESPRIT-RootMUSIC joint DOA-DOD estimation in bistatic MIMO radar (2011)

In this paper, we investigate the exploitation of the Non-circularity of radar signal property in a bistatic MIMO radar to improve the performance of joint estimation of direction of arrival (DOA) and direction of departure (DOD) of targets using Combined ESPRIT-RootMUSIC techniques. Simulation results are carried out to illustrate the performance of the proposed approach.
Recycled Coarse Aggregate Produced by Pulsed Discharge in Water (2006)

In Japan, the recycling ratio of concrete scraps has been kept over 98 % after the Law for the Recycling of Construction Materials was enforced in 2000. In the present, most of concrete scraps were recycled as the Lower Subbase Course Material. On the other hand, it is predicted to be difficult to keep this higher recycling ratio in the near future because concrete scraps increase rapidly and would reach to over 3 times of present situation in 2010. In addition, the demand of concrete scraps as the Lower Subbase Course Material has been decreased. Therefore, new way to reuse concrete scraps must be developed. Concrete scraps normally consist of 70 % of coarse aggregate, 19 % of water and 11 % of cement. To obtain the higher recycling ratio, the higher recycling ratio of coarse aggregate is desired. In this paper, a new method for recycling coarse aggregate from concrete scraps has been developed and demonstrated. The system includes a Marx generator and a point to hemisphere mesh electrode immersed in water. In the demonstration, the test piece of concrete scrap was located between the electrodes and was treated by the pulsed discharge. After discharge treatment of test piece, the recycling coarse aggregates were evaluated under JIS and TS and had enough quality for utilization as the coarse aggregate.
Report of an ESC-EAPCI Task Force on the evaluation and use of bioresorbable scaffolds for percutaneous coronary intervention: executive summary (2017)

A previous Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and European Association of Percutaneous Cardiovascular Interventions (EAPCI) provided a report on recommendations for the non-clinical and clinical evaluation of coronary stents. Following dialogue with the European Commission, the Task Force was asked to prepare an additional report on the class of devices known as bioresorbable scaffolds (BRS). Five BRS have CE-mark approval for use in Europe. Only one device-the Absorb bioresorbable vascular scaffold-has published randomized clinical trial data and this data show inferior outcomes to conventional drug-eluting stents (DES) at 2-3 years. For this reason, at present BRS should not be preferred to conventional DES in clinical practice. The Task Force recommends that new BRS devices should undergo systematic non-clinical testing according to standardized criteria prior to evaluation in clinical studies. A clinical evaluation plan should include data from a medium sized, randomized trial against DES powered for a surrogate end point of clinical efficacy. Manufacturers of successful devices receive CE-mark approval for use and must have an approved plan for a large-scale randomized clinical trial with planned long-term follow-up.
20V Asymmetric Complementary Power Device Implementation within a 0.25um CMOS Technology for Power Management (2005)

This paper presents a process flow in which a 20V-class of power devices is added to baseline 0.25mum CMOS technology by forming asymmetric extended-drain device structures in which shallow-trench-isolation (STI) is incorporated within the device unit cell, forming a gate extended-drain dielectric region. The R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">sp</sub> -BV <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ds</sub> figure-of-merit is consistent with best-in-class for this device construction (0.16 mOhm cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> /24V), and the isolated high-voltage diode capability make this process cost-effective for implementation of mobile power management circuit topologies, including multiple-output DC-DC converters, battery chargers, linear regulators, audio power amplifiers, and white-light backlighting systems
Application of SourceTracker for Accurate Identification of Fecal Pollution in Recreational Freshwater: A Double-Blinded Study (2018)

The efficacy of SourceTracker software to attribute contamination from a variety of fecal sources spiked into ambient freshwater samples was investigated. Double-blinded samples spiked with ≤5 different sources (0.025–10% vol/vol) were evaluated against fecal taxon libraries characterized by next-generation amplicon sequencing. Three libraries, including an initial library (17 nonlocal sources), a blinded source library (5 local sources), and a composite library (local and nonlocal sources), were used with SourceTracker. SourceTracker’s predictions of fecal compositions in samples were made, in part, based on distributions of taxa within abundant genera identified as discriminatory by discriminant analyses but also using a large percentage of low abundance taxa. The initial library showed poor ability to characterize blinded samples, but, using local sources, SourceTracker showed 91% accuracy (31/34) at identifying the presence of source contamination, with two false positives for sewage and one for horse. Furthermore, sink predictions of source contamination were positively correlated (Spearman’s ρ ≥ 0.88, P < 0.001) with spiked source volumes. Using the composite library did not significantly affect sink predictions (P > 0.79) compared to those made using the local sources alone. Results of this study indicate that geographically associated fecal samples are required for SourceTracker to assign host sources accurately.
Characterization of Interface States of HfO2/Ge with Fluorine Treatment by Using DLTS/ICTS (2010)

Deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) technique that has some merits such as no assumption of leakage mechanism and characterization of both majority and minority carrier traps is applied for characterization of interface state density to HfO2/Ge gate stack. DLTS and isothermal capacitance transient spectroscopy (ICTS) signals of HfO2/Ge gate stack can be detected, and the results of these measurements show that interface state densities of majority and minority carriers can be reduced by fluorine treatment, and no new traps are created by this treatment. So, fluorine treatment is useful to improve the device performance. Moreover, DLTS and ICTS signals can be simultaneously obtained, and capture cross-section can be estimated by using these results.
Early and massive death of myoblasts transplanted into skeletal muscle: responsible factors and potential solutions (2007)

Purpose of review Myoblast transplantation is a potential approach to repair damaged muscle in several myopathies. This approach is limited by the early and massive death of transplanted myoblasts. The purpose of the review is to report the major factors responsible for this phenomenon and possible ways to overcome them. Recent findings Several factors are proposed to be responsible for the death of transplanted myoblasts. To date, researchers have mainly concentrated on the role of the inflammatory reaction. Recent data suggest that ischemia, hypoxia and anoikis are also implicated. Several solutions have been investigated to prevent the death of transplanted myoblasts. These approaches are mainly based on genetic modification of injected cells to make them express antiapoptotic or prosurvival proteins, and on the use of antiinflammatory proteins. Summary We review the role of the inflammatory reaction, physical stress, anoikis, and ischemia in the early and massive death of transplanted myoblasts and we propose approaches to overcome these complications. Reducing the number of myoblasts that die following transplantation into skeletal muscle would improve graft success.
ChemInform Abstract: Conversion of Allylic Alcohols (I) into Conjugated Dienes (II). (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Identification of Chemical Processes using Recurrent Networks (1991)

Neurl networks have been widely used in many research areas including nonlinear system identification. In the present study, a recurrent neural network, as an alternative to feed-forward networks, has been used successfully to identify the dynamic behavior of a biological wastewater treatment plant. An approach to deriving the learning algorithm for recurrent networks is discussed. In comparison to a feed-forward network, the recurrent network produces superior results for long-term predictions.
Contact Map Fingerprints of Protein-Ligand Unbinding Trajectories Reveal Mechanisms Determining Residence Times Computed from Scaled Molecular Dynamics (2021)

&lt;div&gt;The binding kinetic properties of potential drugs may significantly influence their subsequent clinical efficacy. Predictions of these properties based on computer simulations provide a useful alternative to their expensive and time-demanding experimental counterparts, even at an early drug discovery stage.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Herein, we perform Scaled Molecular Dynamics (ScaledMD) simulations on a set of 27 ligands of HSP90 belonging to more than 7 chemical series in order to estimate their relative residence time. We introduce two new techniques for the analysis and the classification of the simulated unbinding trajectories. The first technique, which helps in estimating the limits of the free energy well around the bound state and the second one, based on a new contact map fingerprint, allows the description and the comparison of the paths that lead to unbinding.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Using these analyses, we find that ScaledMD’s relative residence time generally enables the identification of the slowest unbinders. We propose an explanation for the underestimation of the residence times of a subset of compounds and we investigate how the biasing in ScaledMD can affect the mechanistic insights that can be gained from the simulations.&lt;/div&gt;
Accuracy of using point targets for SAR calibration (1991)

The peak and integral methods for radiometric calibration of a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) using reference point targets are analyzed. Both calibration methods are shown to be unbiased, but the peak method requires knowledge of the equivalent rectangle system resolution which is sensitive to system focus. Exact expressions for the RMS errors of both methods are derived. It is shown that the RMS error resulting from the peak method is always smaller than or equal to that from the integral method for a well-focused system. However, for robust radiometric calibration of SAR, or when nonlinear phase errors are present, the integral method is recommended, because it does not require detailed knowledge of the impulse response and the resulting RMS error is not dependent on system focus.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
New Approaches to Aircraft Surveillance in Civil Aviation (1994)

For many years aircraft surveillance in the U.S. Air Traf-
fic Control (ATC) System has been based upon the use of
radar beacon interrogators augmented by search radars. In
areas where there is no radar coverage, such as the vast
stretches of U.S.-managed airspace over the Atlantic and
Pacific Oceans, a procedural-based form of air traffic
management is used that relies upon each aircraft’s con-
formance to a pre-approved flight plan.
The recent introduction of the Global Positioning System
(GPS) into civil aviation operations plus the upcoming use
of an aeronautical two-way digital data link will provide
a means of reporting aircraft position in U.S.-managed
oceanic airspace with an accuracy that can equal that of
radar. This technique, referred to as Automatic Dependent
Surveillance or ADS, will soon be used to expand the
scope of the FAA’s surveillance coverage, and may
possibly change the role of the ATC System itself.
The concepts discussed in this paper are the opinions of
the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official
views of the FAA.
Season, Irrigation, Leaf Age, and Escherichia coli Inoculation Influence the Bacterial Diversity in the Lettuce Phyllosphere (2013)

The developmental and temporal succession patterns and disturbance responses of phyllosphere bacterial communities are largely unknown. These factors might influence the capacity of human pathogens to persist in association with those communities on agriculturally-relevant plants. In this study, the phyllosphere microbiota was identified for Romaine lettuce plants grown in the Salinas Valley, CA, USA from four plantings performed over 2 years and including two irrigation methods and inoculations with an attenuated strain of Escherichia coli O157:H7. High-throughput DNA pyrosequencing of the V5 to V9 variable regions of bacterial 16S rRNA genes recovered in lettuce leaf washes revealed that the bacterial diversity in the phyllosphere was distinct for each field trial but was also strongly correlated with the season of planting. Firmicutes were generally most abundant in early season (June) plantings and Proteobacteria comprised the majority of bacteria recovered later in the year (August and October). Comparisons within individual field trials showed that bacterial diversity differed between sprinkler (overhead) and drip (surface) irrigated lettuce and increased over time as the plants grew. The microbiota were also distinct between control and E. coli O157:H7-inoculated plants and between E. coli O157:H7-inoculated plants with and without surviving pathogen cells. The bacterial inhabitants of the phyllosphere therefore appear to be affected by seasonal, irrigation, and biological factors in ways that are relevant for assessments of fresh produce food safety.