gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Alternating-current thin-film electroluminescent device modeling via SPICE Fowler-Nordheim diode (2000)

A novel SPICE model is proposed for simulating the electrical characteristics of alternating-current thin-film electroluminescent (ACTFEL) devices. The model consists of two capacitors, representing the top and bottom insulators of the ACTFEL device, connected to a Fowler-Nordheim diode shunted by a resistor, which account for conduction and leakage, respectively, in the ACTFEL phosphor layer. A software interface is developed so that the user may conveniently input the two adjustable model parameters (trap barrier height and phosphor shunt resistance) as well as five parameters corresponding to the physical structure of the ACTFEL device (electron effective mass, device area, insulator capacitance, phosphor thickness, and phosphor dielectric constant). Excellent agreement is obtained between measured and simulated electrical characteristics for evaporated ZnS:Mn ACTFEL devices.
Coherence and Density Dynamics of Excitons in a Single-Layer MoS2 Reaching the Homogeneous Limit (2019)

We measure the coherent nonlinear response of excitons in a single layer of molybdenum disulfide embedded in hexagonal boron nitride, forming a h-BN/MoS<sub>2</sub>/ h-BN heterostructure. Using four-wave mixing microscopy and imaging, we correlate the exciton inhomogeneous broadening with the homogeneous one and population lifetime. We find that the exciton dynamics is governed by microscopic disorder on top of the ideal crystal properties. Analyzing the exciton ultrafast density dynamics using amplitude and phase of the response, we investigate the relaxation pathways of the resonantly driven exciton population. The surface protection via encapsulation provides stable monolayer samples with low disorder, avoiding surface contaminations and the resulting exciton broadening and modifications of the dynamics. We identify areas localized to a few microns where the optical response is totally dominated by homogeneous broadening. Across the sample of tens of micrometers, weak inhomogeneous broadening and strain effects are observed, attributed to the remaining interaction with the h-BN and imperfections in the encapsulation process.
Computer simulations of a maximum length sequence modulated photoacoustic spectrometer (2007)

There is a great need for inexpensive, rugged, portable, and versatile chemical detectors for use in both security and environmental measurement, but current technologies that meet that criterion are usually limited in sensitivity and/or are dedicated to detecting a limited number of chemicals. Photoacoustic spectrometers are among the most sensitive instruments for trace analysis in gases, liquids, and on surfaces, and many are able to detect a wide range of different substances. Unfortunately, photoacoustic systems are usually expensive, are usually not portable, and usually cannot be used for both surface and airborne measurements. A new photoacoustic measurement system has been proposed that utilizes maximum length sequence (MLS) modulation of small, rugged, inexpensive laser diodes. The use of MLS modulation eliminates the need for lock-in amplifiers, optical modulators, or resonant measurement cells allowing for portable use on both gas and surfaces. In this paper, results of computer simulations to examine the sensitivity limits and noise immunity of the proposed design are presented.
A comparative study of statistical methods used to identify dependencies between gene expression signals (2013)

One major task in molecular biology is to understand the dependency among genes to model gene regulatory networks. Pearson's correlation is the most common method used to measure dependence between gene expression signals, but it works well only when data are linearly associated. For other types of association, such as non-linear or non-functional relationships, methods based on the concepts of rank correlation and information theory-based measures are more adequate than the Pearson's correlation, but are less used in applications, most probably because of a lack of clear guidelines for their use. This work seeks to summarize the main methods (Pearson's, Spearman's and Kendall's correlations; distance correlation; Hoeffding's D: measure; Heller-Heller-Gorfine measure; mutual information and maximal information coefficient) used to identify dependency between random variables, especially gene expression data, and also to evaluate the strengths and limitations of each method. Systematic Monte Carlo simulation analyses ranging from sample size, local dependence and linear/non-linear and also non-functional relationships are shown. Moreover, comparisons in actual gene expression data are carried out. Finally, we provide a suggestive list of methods that can be used for each type of data set.
Large eddy simulation model assessment of the turbulent flow through dynamic compressor valves (2013)

The present paper attempts the dynamic simulation of the fluid flow through the valve reed taking into account valve movement due to piston displacement. This work widens previous studies based on numerical experiments with static geometry and constant boundary conditions. Hence, in this work attends the newly in-house implemented CFD and moving mesh coupled code TermoFluids. The CFD solver consists of a three-dimensional explicit finite volume fractional-step algorithm formulated in a second-order, conservative and collocated unstructured grid arrangement.
Large eddy simulation is performed to solve the turbulent flow, using the subgrid scale WALE model. A radial basis function interpolation procedure is used to dynamically move the mesh according with the displacement of the valve. A simplified geometry of an axial hole plus a radial diffuser with a piston based inlet condition is considered. The valve dynamics is assumed to be given by a law according modal analysis of valve reed.
Cyclopropylcarbinyl ring opening as mechanistic probe for differentiation between the singlet and triplet spin states of trimethylenemethane diradicals (non-Kekule species) (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCyclopropylcarbinyl ring opening as mechanistic probe for differentiation between the singlet and triplet spin states of trimethylenemethane diradicals (non-Kekule species)Waldemar Adam and Ralf FinzelCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 12, 4563–4568Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00038a018https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00038a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views156Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Radio Frequency Identification Applications in Smart Hospitals (2007)

Recent advances in radio frequency identification (RFID) technology are leading to promising means for significant enhancement of safety, quality and value of health care. In this paper, we give an overview of the state-of-art research in applications of RFID in hospitals. We outline the challenges in designing RFID based systems for hospitals, and point out open problems and future research directions.
Exploring long-term building stock strategies in Switzerland in line with IPCC carbon budgets (2022)

Abstract Stringent limits and reduction strategies paths on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are being defined at different levels for long-term temperature stabilization. Given the nearly linear relationship between warming and cumulative net emissions, a carbon budget approach is required to limit global warming, as stated by the IPCC. In this setting, the built environment, as a cross-sectorial and transnational area of activity, plays a crucial role in today’s carbon emissions and future reduction potentials. Previous research showed the need for effective and aligned carbon-targets to support and guide all actors in the construction sector towards these challenging global goals. In this context, previous research compared top-down derived carbon budgets for the Swiss built environment with a preliminary estimation of future cumulative emissions of the sector. Findings showed the misalignment of current best practices and the significant magnitude of effort that would be required to comply with such objectives. Nevertheless, limitations in the preliminary work emerged, such as the lack of dynamicity of the parameters included in the model restricting the representativity of its results. The current paper brings further this previous work by integrating the dynamic evolution of the energy supply, the materials’ production, and the renovation rate. Results are then presented by mean of a parallel coordinate interactive graph. This interactive component allows the parametric exploration of the compliance with limited global budgets by varying the input parameters. This way the influence of macro-level strategies to decarbonize the Swiss building stock can easily be visualized with reference to the IPCC carbon budgets. Ultimately, the available interactive tool might support policy makers in decisions taken at the building stock level.
The National Ignition Facility front-end laser system (1995)

The proposed National Ignition Facility is a 192 beam Nd:glass laser system capable of driving targets to fusion ignition by the year 2005. A key factor in the flexibility and performance of the laser is a front-end system which provides a precisely formatted beam to each beamline. Each of the injected beams has individually controlled energy, temporal pulseshape, and spatial shape to accommodate beamline-to-beamline variations in gain and saturation. This flexibility also gives target designers the options for precisely controlling the drive to different areas of the target. The design of the Front-End laser is described, and initial results are discussed.
The quest for security in mobile ad hoc networks (2001)

So far, research on mobile ad hoc networks has been forcused primarily on routing issues. Security, on the other hand, has been given a lower priority. This paper provides an overview of security problems for mobile ad hoc networks, distinguishing the threats on basic mechanisms and on security mechanisms. It then describes our solution to protect the security mechanisms. The original features of this solution include that (i) it is fully decentralized and (ii) all nodes are assigned equivalent roles.
The Fc Portion of UV3, an Anti-CD54 Monoclonal Antibody, Is Critical for its Antitumor Activity in SCID Mice With Human Multiple Myeloma or Lymphoma Cell Lines (2006)

UV3 is a monoclonal antibody that recognizes human CD54 (intercellular adhesion molecule-1), and it was generated for the therapy of human multiple myeloma. In a severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) xenograft model of human multiple myeloma, UV3 significantly prolonged the survival of mice with either early or advanced stages of disease. However, the mechanism by which UV3 exerted its antitumor effect remained unknown. As reported previously UV3 could mediate antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity or complement-dependent cytotoxicity in vitro. F(ab)'2 fragments of UV3 had therapeutic efficacy in vivo, suggesting that effector functions were not critical. The purpose of this study was to further define the importance of the Fc portion of UV3 for its antitumor activity in vivo. To this end, we examined the effect of an "ultrapure" preparation of UV3 F(ab)'2 to treat SCID mice xenografted with either ARH-77 cells, a human multiple myeloma cell line, or Daudi cells, a human Burkitt's lymphoma cell line. In addition, we evaluated different doses of UV3 immunoglobulin G (IgG) in these mice to determine the minimum amount of IgG that would produce a therapeutic effect. Data obtained from this study suggest that (1) the Fc portion of UV3 is critical for its antitumor activity in vivo, (2) low levels of UV3 IgG in a preparation of F(ab)'2 fragments account for all of its in vivo activity in multiple myeloma and most of its activity in lymphoma, and (3) UV3 IgG significantly prolongs the survival of SCID/ARH-77 mice as well as SCID/Daudi mice.
Cyclic Thiourea/Urea Functionalized Triphenylamine-Based Dyes for High-Performance Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (2013)

Six cyclic thiourea/urea functionalized triphenylamine-based dyes (AZ1-AZ6) containing 2-cyanoacrylic acid as an acceptor and various linkers (phenyl, biphenyl, and bithiophene) were synthesized. They exhibited high photovoltaic performance owing to an improved short-circuit photocurrent density (J(sc)) and open-circuit voltage (V(oc)). Among them, AZ6 bearing a cyclic thiourea group and bithiophene linker showed the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) up to 7.29%, which was comparable to that of N719 (PCE = 7.36%).
Advances in electrophoretic separations (1984)

Free fluid electrophoresis is described using laboratory and space experiments combined with extensive mathematical modeling. Buoyancy driven convective flows due to thermal and concentration gradients are absent in the reduced gravity environment of space. The elimination of convection in weightlessness offers possible improvements in electrophoresis and other separation methods which occur in fluid media. The mathematical modeling suggests new ways of doing electrophoresis in space and explains various phenomena observed during past experiments. The extent to which ground based separation techniques are limited by gravity induced convection is investigated and space experiments are designed to evaluate specific characteristics of the fluid/particle environment. A series of experiments are proposed that require weightlessness and apparatus is developed that can be used to carry out these experiments in the near future.
Control of Defect Concentrations within a Semiconductor through Adsorption (2006)

The technologically useful properties of a crystalline solid depend upon the concentration of defects it contains. Here we show that defect concentrations as deep as 0.5 microm within a semiconductor can be profoundly influenced by gas adsorption. Self-diffusion rates within silicon show that nitrogen atoms adsorbed at less than 1% of a monolayer lead to defect concentrations that vary controllably over several orders of magnitude. The results show that previous measurements of diffusion and defect thermodynamics in semiconductors may have suffered from neglect of adsorption effects.
Identificación metagenómica de una ruta de degradación de dibenzotiofeno y caracterización de su regulación génica (2017)

Resumen del trabajo presentado al Congreso Nacional de Biotecnología, celebrado en Murcia del 18 al 21 de junio de 2017.
The acoustic study of the palatine chapel inside the Reggia of Caserta (2021)

The palatine chapel is part of the Reggia of Caserta, a royal palace commissioned by the King of Naples Charles III. As a very reverberant place because of its marble and hard finishes, the palatine chapel has already investigated by scholars to be one of the cultural heritage sites protected by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). On the other hand, the development of the technology during the last decades drives researchers to understand more deeply the acoustic behavior of this unique architecture. As such, an acoustic survey undertaken with the use of a spherical multichannel microphone, allowed the authors to investigate the interaction of the architectural components with the sound signal used for the impulse response (IR). The acoustic data, as traditionally shown with graphs by following the standards of ISO 3382-1, have been supported by the representation of some shots taken from a video. This overlay, realized for each source-receiver position, records the IR by overlapping the sound contour levels onto a 360° image such that the direction of arrival of the sound wave can be detected.
A spherical harmonic approach to redshift distortions (1995)

In a recent study, we have developed new techniques for analyzing galaxy redshift surveys. The radial distortion introduced by peculiar velocities and the spherical geometry of the survey motivates a Fourier‐like expansion of the density field in spherical Bessel functions and spherical harmonics. The power of this technique is that the distortion can be included exactly (to linear order), and the spectral nature of the expansion means that one can isolate and analyze linear modes. For these reasons we have a formalism for treating redshift surveys which avoids the approximations and inaccuracies which have beset previous treatments of this problem, and maximizes the measurable wavelength range. Exploiting the formalism statistically we can use the observed galaxy distribution to estimate the distortion parameter of redshift space, β≡Ω0.60/b, and the amplitude of fluctuations, quantified by σ8. We have applied the method to the 1.2‐Jy redshift survey and find that β=1.1±0.3, and σ8,IRAS=0.68±0.05 in real space. These methods have been developed further to measure the real space power spectrum, free from distortion, and for application to 2‐D ‘‘slices’’ in redshift space.
Built-In Self-Test of digital signal processors in Virtex-4 FPGAs (2009)

We present a Built-In Self-Test (BIST) approach for testing and diagnosing the embedded digital signal processors (DSPs) in Xilinx Virtex-4 series Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). The BIST architecture and configurations needed to test these programmable DSPs in all of their modes of operation are presented along with fault injection and timing analysis of the BIST configurations.
Low-Light-Level Cross-Phase-Modulation Based on Stored Light Pulses (2006)

We experimentally demonstrate a low-light-level cross-phase-modulation (XPM) scheme based on the light-storage technique in laser-cooled 87Rb atoms. The proposed scheme can achieve a similar phase shift and has the same figure of merit as one using static electromagnetically induced transparency under the constant coupling field. Nevertheless, the phase shift and the energy loss of a probe pulse induced by a signal pulse are neither influenced by the coupling intensity nor by the atomic optical density in the light-storage XPM scheme. This scheme enhances the flexibility of the experiment and makes possible conditional phase shifts on the order of pi with single photons.
A CMOS Fractional-$N$ PLL-Based Microwave Chemical Sensor With 1.5% Permittivity Accuracy (2013)

A highly sensitive CMOS-based sensing system is proposed for permittivity detection and mixture characterization of organic chemicals at microwave frequencies. The system determines permittivity by measuring the frequency difference between two voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs); a sensor oscillator with an operating frequency that shifts with the change in tank capacitance due to exposure to the material under test (MUT) and a reference oscillator insensitive to the MUT. This relative measurement approach improves sensor accuracy by tracking frequency drifts due to environmental variations. Embedding the sensor and reference VCOs in a fractional- N phase-locked loop (PLL) frequency synthesizer enables material characterization at a precise frequency and provides an efficient material-induced frequency shift read-out mechanism with a low-complexity bang-bang control loop that adjusts a fractional frequency divider. The majority of the PLL-based sensor system, except for an external fractional frequency divider, is implemented with a 90-nm CMOS prototype that consumes 22 mW when characterizing material near 10 GHz. Material-induced frequency shifts are detected at an accuracy level of 15 ppmrms and binary mixture characterization of organic chemicals yield maximum errors in permittivity of 1.5%.
Signature analysis system: new technology to enhance quality in manufacturing (2000)

The demands for ever improving quality coupled with requests for constant cost reductions have never been as great as they are today. Technology has a major role to play in terms of providing improved measurement instrumentation and process control systems to enable today’s manufacturers to supply tomorrow’s improved products. Signature analysis, although used extensively in the R&amp;D laboratories for many years now, is relatively new at the shopfloor level in manufacturing and assembly facilities as these systems tended to be quite expensive and not sufficiently easy to use. This article introduces the latest advances in signature analysis, specifically for the demanding environments of the assembly plant, and makes reference to real‐world applications.
Flight Testing and Evaluation of the Structural Response to Flight Loads of a Small Scale Unmanned Aerial System (2012)

F light dynamic loads exper ienced by a 40% scale Yak-54 unmanned aer ial system were simulated, including performance analysis, static testing and analysis, and structural response to static and dynamic air loads. A detailed sensor selection outlines the justification for the choosing of accelerometers and strain gages, and the calibration techniques imposed prior to testing. Static testing was performed on a carbon fiber composite spar to determine the elastic modulus and failure stress and then compared to numer ical technique results. Full integration of the sensors with the platform was completed in preparation for flight testing. An integrated static test was performed to validate the system in which the wings were subjected to a load factor of 2.5g’s and strain was measured at three outboard locations of each wing. The flight test consists of steady level turns and symmetr ical pull-ups. Each maneuver is dictated by a control input. The maximum strain observed during flight was 141 μe at the tip of the r ight wing and the minimum was -188 μe at the mid station of the r ight wing. The accelerometer data collected correlated well to the executed maneuvers, and accelerations as large as 2.6 g’s were observed.
Anomalous temperature effect of oxidation stacking faults in silicon (1975)

We observed an anomalous temperature effect in the growth of oxidation stacking faults in silicon. For a given oxidation time, the size of stacking faults first increases with temperature following an Arrhenius relation, reaches a peak at some temperature, and then decreases with temperature rather sharply until, finally, the faults totally vanish. The temperature above which the oxidation stacking faults vanish is dependent on the crystal surface orientation as well as on the oxidation ambients. In dry oxygen, this temperature is ∼1240 °C for {100} surfaces, ∼1220 °C for {111} surfaces, and ∼1175 °C for {1,0,11} surfaces (5° off {100}). Thus, the size-versus-temperature curve of the growth of oxidation stacking faults can be divided into two regions, which may be called the growth and the retrogrowth regions. In the growth region the growth follows a power law of (size) ∝ (time)0.8; in the retrogrowth region, the power law breaks down. The activation energy in the growth region is 2.3 eV for all surface orientations and oxidation ambients. A more complete picture of the growth of stacking faults emerges, in which the reported ’’immunity to stacking faults’’ of certain vicinal {100} surfaces is merely a point far out in the retrogrowth region.