gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cultured Mast Cells from Patients with Asthma and Controls Respond with Similar Sensitivity to Recombinant Der P2‐Induced, IgE‐Mediated Activation (2013)

The function of cultured mast cells may depend on genetic or environmental influence on the stem cell donor. This study investigates whether asthma or atopy in the donor influenced the growth and sensitivity of mast cells cultured from patients with asthma and healthy controls under identical conditions. Mast cells were cultured from peripheral blood from twelve patients with an objectively confirmed asthma diagnosis and eight healthy subjects. During the last 2 weeks of culture, mast cells were incubated with IL-4 and 80 kU/l recombinant human IgE containing two clones (7% + 7%) specific for mite allergen Der p2. The sensitivity of IgE-mediated activation of mast cells was investigated as FcεRI-mediated upregulation of CD63. Ten subjects were atopic, defined as a positive skin prick test (>3 mm) to at least one of ten common allergens. After activation with recombinant Der p2, the maximum CD63 median fluorescence intensity was 20 456 ± 1640 (SE) for patients with asthma and 22,275 ± 1971 (SE) for controls (ns). The fraction of CD63 positive cells was 54.4% in patients with asthma and 48.4% in controls (ns). The allergen concentration inducing 50% of the maximal CD63 response was similar in patients with asthma [-0.4795 log ng/ml ± 0.092 (SE)] and controls (-0.6351 log ng/ml ± 0.083, ns) and in atopic and non-atopic subjects. When cultured, sensitized and activated under identical conditions, mast cells from allergic asthmatics and healthy controls respond similar. Activation of cultured mast cells appears to depend on culture conditions (IL-4, IgE) rather than on donor status as atopy and asthma.
Signal‐Transduction Therapy (1994)

In the past decade it has become apparent that many diseases result from aberrations in signaling pathways. These include proliferative diseases such as cancers, atherosclerosis and psoriasis and inflammatory conditions such as sepsis, rheumatoid arthritis and tissue rejection. These findings refocused the research of the medical community to seek new modalities for disease management which essentially consist of designing drugs which intercept cell signaling. In this review, the emerging success in using tyrosine kinase blockers and other signal interceptors, such as protein kinase C blockers, Ras blockers, Ca 2+ signaling inhibitors and estrogen antagonists which inhibit growth of cancer cells in vitro and in vivo , will be discussed. These signal interceptors, especially tyrosine‐kinase blockers, are also able to block inflammatory responses and the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and psoriatic keratinocytes. The utility of signal interceptors in analyzing signal‐transduction pathways is also discussed.
Dilatancy, pore fluids, and premonitory variations of ts/tp travel times (1972)

Abstract Nerseov et al. (1969) found that the travel-time ratio of shear and compressional waves, ξ = ts/tp varies prior to the occurrence of earthquakes in the Garm region, USSR. Laboratory results indicate that the decrease of ξ can result from dilatancy of rocks around the focal zone. The subsequent increase of ξ, which terminates with an earthquake, can be caused by the flow of ground water into the dilated zone. The increasing pore pressure weakens the rock and leads to the observed failure.
Polyaniline: Thin films and colloidal dispersions (IUPAC Technical Report) (2005)

Abstract Several workers from various institutions in six countries have prepared thin films and colloidal polyaniline dispersions. The films were produced in situ on glass supports during the oxidation of anilinium chloride with ammonium peroxydisulfate in water. The average thickness of the films, assessed by optical absorption, was 125 ± 9 nm, and the conductivity of films was 2.6 ± 0.7 S cm –1 . Films prepared in 1 mol l –1 HCl had a similar thickness, 109 ± 10 nm, but a higher conductivity, 18.8 ± 7.1 S cm –1 . Colloidal polyaniline particles stabilized with a water-soluble polymer, poly( N -vinylpyrrolidone) [poly(1-vinylpyrrolidin-2-one)], have been prepared by dispersion polymerization. The average particle size, 241 ± 50 nm, and polydispersity, 0.26 ± 0.12, have been determined by dynamic light scattering. The preparation of these two supramolecular polyaniline forms was found to be well reproducible.
Pilot evaluation of a novel unilateral onychectomy model and efficacy of an extended release buprenorphine product (2020)

Abstract Background Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), transdermal fentanyl patches, and transmucosal buprenorphine are probably the most commonly used options for providing post-operative analgesia in the early at-home period. However, these require daily administration or are associated with abuse concerns. One of the significant unmet needs in veterinary surgery and pain management is for longer acting opioids for cats to effectively bridge the gap between the in-hospital and at-home recovery periods. A proof of concept study of an extended release formulation of buprenorphine HCL (ER-Bup) was conducted using objective kinetic measures and a unilateral onychectomy model. Using a blinded, randomized, two period crossover design, four cats were allocated to control (saline) or ER-Bup (0.6 mg/kg, subcutaneously [SC]) treatment groups. All animals underwent a unilateral forelimb onychectomy per period with a washout/recovery period in between. Observational pain scores and kinetic data (using a pressure sensitive walkway [PSW]) were collected prior to (baseline) and at intervals for 72 h following surgery. Symmetry indices were derived for kinetic variables (peak vertical force [PVF]; vertical impulse [VI]) of each forelimb for landing following a jump and for walking. A rescue analgesic protocol was in place. Effect of surgery and treatment were evaluated using a mixed model statistical approach. Results No cats required rescue analgesics based on subjective pain score. ER-Bup had a positive influence on subjective pain scores during the 72 h postsurgery (p = 0.0473). PVF and VI of the operated limb were significantly decreased for both landing (p < 0.0001 and p < 0.0001) and walking (p < 0.0001 and p < 0.0001 respectively) compared to control. ER-Bup resulted in significantly decreased asymmetry in limb use during landing (PVF, p < 0.0001; VI, p < 0.0001) and walking (PVF, p = 0.0002, VI, p < 0.0001). The novel use of data collected following a jump from an elevated platform appeared to provide all desired information and was easier to collect than walking data. Conclusion This study demonstrates that SC administration of ER-Bup may be an effective analgesic for a 72 h period postoperatively. Furthermore, landing onto a PSW from an elevated perch may be a useful and efficient way to assess analgesics in cats using a unilateral model of limb pain.
Hardware-assisted power estimation for design-stage processors using FPGA emulation (2014)

This paper presents the application of an accurate power estimation model for design-stage processors that can be mapped onto an FPGA together with the functional emulation. Based on a hybrid functional level power analysis (FLPA) and instruction level power analysis (ILPA) approach, the model enables the estimation of application-specific power consumption and energy per task at very early design stages of programmable embedded processors. The extremely short execution time of the emulated power model compared to gate-transfer level (GTL) power simulation allows both hardware and software designers to constantly optimize their implementations for low-power iteratively in different design stages. The power consumption modeling methodology used for this work and necessary considerations for FPGA implementation are described. The presented model is validated against GTL power simulation with respect to execution time and precision by benchmarking for an exemplary embedded RISC processor core, the LEON2. Benchmarking results yield a percentage mean absolute error (%MAE) of less than 9% and normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) of less than 6% while reducing power estimation time from several hours down to a few milliseconds. Finally, a case-study with varying real-world input data sizes has been performed on different software implementations of JPEG encoder and decoder applications and optimized processor core. With software and hardware optimizations applied, required energy per task has been reduced by up to 46% for the JPEG encoder and 39% for the JPEG decoder, demonstrating the advantage of the presented approach.
Isothiourea-promoted O- to C-carboxyl transfer reactions (2011)

This thesis describes an extensive investigation of the O- to C-carboxyl transfer of oxazolyl carbonates using isothioureas as Lewis base catalysts. The structural requirements of simple bicyclic amidines and isothioureas to promote this transformation have been investigated, showing that the catalytic efficiency and product distribution of these reactions are markedly affected by the catalyst structure. The optimal isothiourea catalyst was efficiently applied to the rearrangement of a wide range of oxazolyl, benzofuranyl and indolyl carbonates. The structural motif of tetrahydropyrimidine-based isothioureas has then been evaluated in order to develop an asymmetric variant of the O- to C-carboxyl transfer of oxazolyl carbonates. A number of chiral isothioureas bearing stereodirecting groups in C(2) and/or C(3) have been synthesised and used in this rearrangement, showing that a C(2)-stereodirecting unit is essential for high enantioselectivity, with an additional C(3)-substituent increasing the reactivity. The optimal chiral C(2)-substituted isothioureas identified are general and efficient asymmetric catalysts for O- to C-carboxyl transfer of oxazolyl carbonates, generating a quaternary stereocentre with high enantioselectivity (up to 94% ee). The origin of the enantioselectivity of this process has been probed mechanistically and rationalised computationally. Having gained an insight into the structural motifs of isothioureas required to impart good catalytic activity and asymmetric induction in the O- to C-carboxyl transfer of oxazolyl carbonates, the mechanism of this reaction was probed using kinetic and mechanistic experiments. ¹⁹F NMR spectroscopic analysis allowed the evolution of product, by-product and intermediate throughout the reaction to be monitored while a number of crossover and stability experiments gave additional information about the catalytic cycle. Extension to a related system has been demonstrated with the O- to C-carboxyl transfer of furanyl carbonates, producing a mixture of α- and γ-butenolides depending on the nature of the Lewis base employed. DMAP gives a mixture of both regioisomers with a preference for the α-regioisomer, while NHCs lead predominantly to the γ-regioisomer. Chiral isothioureas have been used to promote this rearrangement, giving the major α-regioisomer with good enantioselectivity (up to 83% ee). To quantify the different reactivities observed with these isothioureas, their nucleophilicities and Lewis basicities using the stopped-flow technique have been determined. Finally, model studies toward the synthesis of the natural product calcaridine A, using the methodology developed herein, have been investigated.
Is major burn injury associated with coagulopathy? The value of thrombelastometry in the detection of coagulopathy in major burn injury: A prospective observational study (2020)

This study points towards a more complex picture and higher occurrence of DIC in burn patients when thrombelastometric measurements like ROTEM® are taken into account in addition to standard coagulation parameters.
Chimeric monoclonal antibodies to hypervariable region 1 of hepatitis C virus (2005)

Two chimeric monoclonal antibodies (cAbs), 2P24 and 15H4, to hypervariable region 1 (HVR1) of hepatitis C virus (HCV) were constructed by grafting the variable regions of murine monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) 2P24 and 15H4 to a human IgG1 kappa constant region. Two cAb-producing cell lines were adapted to serum-free media. Both cAb 2P24 and cAb 15H4 cell lines produced 3-5 microg antibodies ml(-1) after 3-5 days culture. cAbs retained binding characteristics similar to those observed in the original mAbs. There was no clear difference in affinity between binding of cAbs and mAbs to seven HVR1 peptides. Mixtures of biotinylated cAbs or mAbs reacted with 32 (86 %) and 31 (84 %) of 37 HVR1 peptides, respectively, but not with non-HVR1 control peptides. HCV from 16 out of 18 (89 %) random HCV-containing plasmas was captured by the mixture of biotinylated cAbs. The capture from IgG-depleted plasmas suggested that cAbs captured mainly free rather than complexed HCV, irrespective of genotype. A mixture of the two cAbs inhibited HCV binding to Molt-4 cells in a dose-dependent manner. These cAbs may be useful for prevention of nosocomial HCV infection and passive immunization to prevent HCV reinfection after liver transplantation.
A Facile Electrosynthesis of 1,2,4,‐Triazoline‐3,5‐diones (1981)

The in situ preparation of the extremely reactive 1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-diones (1) proceeds advantageously via an electrosynthetic procedure from the corresponding saturated heterocycles. Furthermore, the hitherto incompletely characterized parent compound (1) R = H is accessible by this means.
A comprehensive performance evaluation of objective quality metrics for contrast enhancement techniques (2016)

In this paper, we present a comprehensive analysis and comparison of state-of-the-art Contrast Enhancement (CE) evaluation metrics. In this work, we developed a new database consisting of 182 images. The subjective experiments were performed to obtain a preference rating from different observers for the enhanced images using six CE methods selected from different representative categories. The quality of the enhanced images is measured with most commonly used CE evaluation metrics. We provide the ranking of images based on perceptual preference as well as objective quality metrics scores. We show that some of the metrics used for the enhancement evaluation are not consistent with the human subjective scores. This new database, named as Contrast Enhancement Evaluation Database (CEED2016), is made publicly available to the research community at http://wwwl2ti. univ-paris13.fr/site/index.php/en/CEED2016/ and is expected to be a contribution to the area of Image Quality Assessment (IQA) and particularly for image quality enhancement evaluation.
Immunoprecipitation (2001)

Immunoprecipitation consists of multiple ordered steps: lysing the cell with detergent if the antigen (usually a protein) to be precipitated is membrane-bound; binding of a specific antigen to an antibody; precipitating the antibody-antigen complex; washing the precipitate; and dissociating the antigen from the immune complex. The dissociated antigen is then analyzed by electrophoretic methods. In this unit, the basic protocol details the immunoprecipitation of a radiolabeled antigen with a specific antibody (polyclonal or monoclonal) covalently linked to Sepharose. Preparation of Ab-Sepharose is described in the Support Protocol. The first two alternate protocols present methods for precipitating or isolating the soluble immune complexes formed between a specific antibody and a radiolabeled antigen. Immunoprecipitation is achieved with polyclonal anti-immunoglobulin (Ig) serum, anti-Ig-Sepharose, Staphylococcus protein A or Streptococcus protein G bound to Sepharose, or Staphylococcus aureus bacteria which contain protein A on the cell surface. The third alternate protocol should be used for immunoprecipitation of antigens that are nonspecifically associated with other proteins. The fourth alternate protocol describes immunoprecipitation of unlabeled protein antigens with Ab-Sepharose.
Design of a multiband internal antenna for mobile application (2009)

The multiband internal antenna for mobile application is proposed. The proposed antenna has wide bandwidth of about 400 MHz (2.3 GHz ∼ 2.69 GHz) for MIMO antenna. The return loss(S <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</inf> and S <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">22</inf> ) is higher than 10 dB and isolation characteristic(S <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">12</inf> and S <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">21</inf> ) is less than −20 dB over the frequency band of interest. The separate monopole antenna has return loss of higher than 10 dB over WCDMA band. The measured antenna gain is higher than 0 dBi and measured efficiency is greater than 60 %.
Extraction of Environmental and Operational Conditions of Wind Turbines using Tower Response Data for Structural Health Monitoring (2017)

Proper normalization of structural response data that accounts for the environmental and operational conditions (EOCs) of a structure is a key step in structural health monitoring (SHM) analyses. Normalizing data based on EOCs enables a more effective comparison of damage sensitive features extracted from structural response data derived from a system operating under a wide variation in its operations. In this paper, structural response data from an operational wind turbine is used for both damage detection as well as for EOC-based data normalization in a damage detection framework. The structure under consideration is the tower of a 3-kW wind turbine located at Los Alamos National Lab. A wireless monitoring system was installed in the turbine tower to record the tower acceleration response when the tower was undamaged and intentionally damaged. Gaussian Process Regression is used to find tower response features that correlate with EOCs, specifically rotor angular velocity and nacelle yaw angle, yet are insensitive to structural damage. The features are then used in the damaged detection framework to enhance the performance of clustering algorithms used for EOC normalization. Damage-sensitive features are then used as condition parameters for damage detection. The efficiency of the proposed EOCs normalization process is evaluated by comparing the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves of a threetier damage detection strategy previously proposed for wind turbine systems
Abiotic Stress and Plant Genome Evolution. Search for New Models (2005)

The remarkable ability of plants to adapt to many different adverse environments is a fascinating process. Research into the physiology and metabolism of so-called extremophiles not only fosters better understanding of the evolutionary processes that have created the diversity of life as it exists
Wittig- and Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons-Olefination Reactions with Stabilised and Semi-Stabilised Phosphoranes and Phosphonates under Non-Classical Conditions (2014)

Developments in the Wittig and Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons (HWE)-olefination of aldehydes and ketones with stabilised phosphoranes or phosphonates provide opportunities for multicomponent reactions and for reactions with greatly reduced solvent requirements. The in situ preparation of phosphonium salts, phosphoranes or phosphonates and carrying out the reaction and product workup in a biphasic medium can greatly facilitate the reactions. Microwave irradiation and ultrasonication can shorten reaction times considerably. Wittig and HWE reactions have also been carried out in the solid phase, with either polymer-bound reagents or in Wittig reactions with reagents adsorbed on silica or alumina. Good E- and Z-selectivity has been achieved, despite the E/ Z-directivity of the carbonyl reagent and of the residue linked to the phosphorane moiety.
Exploring Neem (Azadirachta indica) for Antidermatophytic Activity (2012)

Azadiracchta indica A. Juss. (Neem) is a perennial tree belonging to Meliaceae family. Neem has special importance in various traditional systems of medicine in India and is known to be the “Panacea for all diseases.” All parts of the neem tree—leaves, flowers, seeds, fruits, roots and bark—have been used traditionally for the treatment of inflammation, infections, fever, skin diseases and dental disorders. The current chapter deals with the application of neem products in treatment of skin diseases. Skin diseases are normally the results of infection due to bacteria, viruses, or fungi. Scientific research has proved the antifungal, antiviral, antibacterial and, hence, antidermatophytic effects of different parts of the plant. Neem compounds have proven their potential in treatment of athlete’s foot, ringworm and candida infections. Recent studies revealed the antidermatophytic effects of neem compounds against various fungal genera—Microsporum, Trichophyton and Epidermophyton that commonly cause skin disease. Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis mites were collected from skin scrapings obtained from seven crusted scabies patients over a period of 2 years. Larvae, nymphal instars and adult mites were tested within 3 h of collection and continuously exposed to selected commercially available treatment products until death, with the elapsed time recorded.
Intermolecular Addition of Glycosyl Halides to Alkenes Mediated by Visible Light (2010)

Mit Photonenfänger: Sichtbares Licht, ein Amin als Reduktionsmittel und ein [Ru(bpy)3]2+-Photokatalysator vermitteln vereint die Addition von Glycosylhalogeniden an Alkene bei der Synthese wichtiger C-Glycoside (siehe Schema). Dieses Verfahren verdeutlicht das Potenzial der Photokatalyse für schwierige und nutzbringende chemische Umwandlungen. bpy=2,2′-Bipyridyl. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Condições de Trabalho e Saúde de trabalhadores em um restaurante universitário (2019)

O artigo trata de uma investigação realizada em um restaurante universitário, visando identificar relações entre as condições de trabalho e a saúde dos trabalhadores, a partir do referencial teórico e metodológico da ergonomia da atividade. A pesquisa, de natureza qualitativa, apontou a presença de fatores de risco ergonômicos e psicossociais relacionados às exigências da atividade, a carga de trabalho elevada, às dificuldades nas relações socioprofissionais e a forma como as tarefas eram distribuídas. A presença de doenças físicas foi apontada pelos entrevistados como uma das principais repercussões da atividade. As condições contratuais e de gestão também foram apontadas como fatores que afetavam a atividade dos entrevistados. Esses achados corroboram os dados já apresentados pela literatura e evidenciam a importância de um diagnóstico organizacional com foco na saúde do trabalhador que considere o trabalho em todos os seus componentes: condições físicas, contratuais, os processos e características da atividade e as condições sociogerenciais.
The role of NaF post-deposition treatment on the photovoltaic characteristics of semitransparent ultrathin Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells prepared on indium-tin-oxide back contacts: a comparative study (2019)

NaF post-deposition treatment considerably enhanced the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of &lt;500 nm thick Cu(In, Ga)Se<sub>2</sub> absorber-based solar cells.
Three-dimensional plasma equilibrium near a separatrix (1989)

The limiting behavior of a general three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equilibrium near a separatrix is calculated explicitly. No expansions in beta or assumptions about island widths are made. Implications of the results for the numerical calculation of such equilibria are discussed, as well as for issues concerning the existence of three-dimensional MHD equilibria.