gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Protection of RPE Cells from Oxidative Injury by 15-Deoxy-Δ12,14-Prostaglandin J2by Augmenting GSH and Activating MAPK (2006)

Independent of its PPARgamma activity, dPGJ(2) protected cells from oxidative stress by elevating GSH and enhancing MAPK activation. Thus, dPGJ(2) may delay the development of dry-type age-related macular degeneration.
Nora virus, a persistent virus in Drosophila, defines a new picorna-like virus family (2007)

Microbiology Society journals contain high-quality research papers and topical review articles. We are a not-for-profit publisher and we support and invest in the microbiology community, to the benefit of everyone. This supports our principal goal to develop, expand and strengthen the networks available to our members so that they can generate new knowledge about microbes and ensure that it is shared with other communities.
Three-phase Sine Wave Inverter using Natural Harmonic Compensation (2020)

Power electronic inverters produce flat-topped wave-shapes with sharp voltage rise and fall due to switching operation of the semiconductor switches, injecting substantial harmonics into the load that lead to its undesired behavior. Hence, an additional low-pass filter is required at the output side of the inverter in order to eliminate the harmonics and to supply sinusoidal fundamental voltage only to the load. The filters are often bulky to mitigate the Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) of the inverter voltage waveform to acceptable limits. Alternatively, special Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) techniques are used to obtain low voltage harmonics at the cost of low fundamental output voltage and high switching loss. This paper applies the technique of Natural Compensation of Harmonic voltages through active compensation to reduce the filter requirement of a three phase inverter and increase its DC bus utilization. The DC bus voltage of the compensator is inherently lower than the input DC bus due to the stepped load waveform used, permitting use of low voltage, higher switching frequency devices with lower switching loss. Since the main inverter is switched at low frequency, the total system loss is at moderate value.
Investigation Analysis on Psychological Health Condition of Teachers in Vocational Colleges and Thought for Countermeasures: Take “West Vocational Education Town” in Chongqing, China as an Example (2015)

Through the empirical research on the self-evaluation result of psychological health condition of 510 teachers of vocational colleges in “West Vocational Education Town” in Chongqing, one of the municipalities directly under the central government in China, it is found that most of the psychological disorders of teachers in vocational colleges are dominated by mild degree, and the moderate and severe degrees are not reached; in SCL-90 scale, the scores of male teachers are higher than some female teachers, but not reach the significant level; the scores of each factor of head teachers are higher than the non-head teachers, and also do not reach the significant level; the married and unmarried teachers reach difference significance in somatization dimension, and other factors are not significant. According to the investigation result, three countermeasure conclusions are proposed in this paper.
Cobalt Hydroxide/Oxide Hexagonal Ring–Graphene Hybrids through Chemical Etching of Metal Hydroxide Platelets by Graphene Oxide: Energy Storage Applications (2014)

The reaction of β-Co(OH)2 hexagonal platelets with graphite oxide in an aqueous colloidal dispersion results in the formation of β-Co(OH)2 hexagonal rings anchored to graphene oxide layers. The interaction between the basic hydroxide layers and the acidic groups on graphene oxide induces chemical etching of the hexagonal platelets, forming β-Co(OH)2 hexagonal rings. On heating in air or N2, the hydroxide hybrid is morphotactically converted to porous Co3O4/CoO hexagonal ring-graphene hybrids. Porous NiCo2O4 hexagonal ring-graphene hybrid is also obtained through a similar process starting from β-Ni0.33Co0.67(OH)2 platelets. As electrode materials for supercapacitors or lithium-ion batteries, these materials exhibit a large capacity, high rate capability, and excellent cycling stability.
DriverPower: Combined burden and functional impact tests for cancer driver discovery (2017)

Abstract We describe DriverPower, a software package that uses mutational burden and functional impact evidence to identify cancer driver mutations in coding and non-coding sites within cancer whole genomes. Using a total of 1,373 genomic features derived from public sources, DriverPower’s background mutation model explains up to 93% of the regional variance in the mutation rate across a variety of tumour types. By incorporating functional impact scores, we are able to further increase the accuracy of driver discovery. Testing across a collection of 2,583 cancer genomes from the Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) project, DriverPower identifies 217 coding and 95 non-coding driver candidates. Comparing to six published methods used by the PCAWG Drivers and Functional Interpretation Group, DriverPower has the highest F1-score for both coding and non-coding driver discovery. This demonstrates that DriverPower is an effective framework for computational driver discovery.
NB-IoT Optimization on Paging MCS and Coverage Level (2018)

With growing popularity of Internet of Things (IoT), Low Power Wide Area (LPWA) technologies are getting more interests. Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) is a LPWA technology specified by 3 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rd</sup> Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) and in the initial stage of commercialization. The performance of NB-IoT network needs to be optimized in downlink as well as uplink for reliable quality of NB-IoT services. In this paper, we provide optimization cases of modulation and coding scheme (MCS) for paging in multicell interference environments in terms of paging success rate in NB-IoT downlink. We also present optimization cases of coverage level (CL) in a commercial NB-IoT network environment with various driving speed in terms of random access channel (RACH) success rate in NB-IoT uplink.
Spectroscopic ellipsometry studies of HF treated Si (100) surfaces (1993)

Both ex situ and in situ spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) measurements have been employed to investigate the effects of HF cleaning on Si surfaces. The hydrogeniterminated (H-terminated) Si surface was modeled as an equivalent dielectric layer, and monitored in real time by SE measurements. The SE analyses indicate that after a 20-s 9:l HF dip without rinse, the Si ( 100) surface was passivated by the hydrogen termination and remained chemically stable. Roughness of the HF-etched bare Si (100) surface was observed, in an ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) chamber, and analyzed by the in situ SE. Evidence for desorption of the H-terminated Si surface-layer, after being heated to ~ 550 °C in the UHV chamber, is presented and discussed. This is the first use of an ex situ and in situ real-time, nondestructive technique capable of showing state of passivation, the rate of reoxidation, and the surface roughness of the H-terminated Si surfaces.
E12 In vivo investigation of perivascular spaces in Huntington’s disease using T2-W 3T MRI (2022)

<h3>Background</h3> Perivascular spaces (PVS) are fluid-filled cavities surrounding small cerebral blood vessels. They form part of the glymphatic system as a conduit for fluid transport, facilitating waste clearance from the brain and contributing to the maintenance of brain health. There are limited reports of enlarged PVS in manifest Huntington’s disease (HD). This may compromise cerebral fluid and toxin clearance, potentially contributing to HD pathology. PVS enlargement may also affect the distribution and success of intraparenchymal and intrathecally-administered therapies via increased drainage, thus, a more in-depth understanding of PVS in HD may facilitate future clinical trial design or interpretation. <h3>Aims</h3> To better characterise differences in PVS in premanifest and early-manifest HD subjects compared with controls. <h3>Methods</h3> Thirty controls, 30 premanifest HD subjects and 30 early-manifest HD subjects were selected from the Vancouver site of the TRACK-HD study. Perivascular Space Semi-Automatic Segmentation (PVSSAS) was used to segment PVS in the white matter of T2W 3T MRI using a 2D Frangi-based detection algorithm. Manual refinement of PVS segmentations was performed on all datasets with the rater blinded to groups. PVSSAS reproducibility with manual intervention was evaluated on a sub-cohort including controls and HD subjects (n=12). PVS count, total PVS volume, long-axis-length, and short-axis-length were measured for each subject. Group differences were examined, controlling for nuisance variables. <h3>Results</h3> Three subjects were removed due to motion artefact on T2W MRI. Four subjects were removed due to white matter mask failures. Image analysis is complete. Statistical analysis is ongoing and will be presented in due course.
1'-Acetoxychavicol acetate suppresses angiogenesis-mediated human prostate tumor growth by targeting VEGF-mediated Src-FAK-Rho GTPase-signaling pathway (2011)

Cancer therapeutic agents that are safe, effective and affordable are urgently needed. We describe that 1'-acetoxychavicol acetate (ACA), a component of Siamese ginger (Languas galanga), can suppress prostate tumor growth by largely abrogating angiogenesis. ACA suppressed vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced proliferation, migration, adhesion and tubulogenesis of primary cultured human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) in a dose-dependent manner. ACA also inhibited VEGF-induced microvessel sprouting from aortic rings ex vivo and suppressed new vasculature formation in Matrigel plugs in vivo. We further demonstrated that the mechanisms of this chavicol were to block the activation of VEGF-mediated Src kinase, focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and Rho family of small guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases) (Rac1 and Cdc42 but not RhoA) in HUVECs. Furthermore, treatment of human prostate cancer cells (PC-3) with ACA resulted in decreased cell viability and suppression of angiogenic factor production by interference with dual Src/FAK kinases. After subcutaneous administration to mice bearing human prostate cancer PC-3 xenografts, ACA (6 mg/kg/day) remarkably inhibited tumor volume and tumor weight and decreased levels of Src, CD31, VEGF and Ki-67. As indicated by immunohistochemistry and TUNEL analysis, microvessel density and cell proliferation were also dramatically suppressed in tumors from ACA-treated mice. Taken together, our findings suggest that ACA targets the Src-FAK-Rho GTPase pathway, leading to the suppression of prostate tumor angiogenesis and growth.
Therapeutic management of the primary traumatic pulmonary pseudocysts (2014)

OBJECTIVE: Pulmonary contusion is the usual manifestation of lung parenchymal injury after blunt chest trauma. With deceleration these parenchymal lacerations can result in cavities known as primary traumatic pulmonary pseudocysts (TPPC). We present our experience in treating this rare entity. MATERIAL: From 1990 trough 2013, 78 young patients 62 male and 16 female ranging in age between 13 and 24 years were treated for primary TPPC in our department. Blunt chest injuries resulting from traffic accidents were the causes in all our cases. The main symptoms were pain, hemoptysis and dyspnea not associated with severe hypoxemia. The cavitary lesion was apparent in chest radiographs, but the imaging modality of choice was the computed tomography. RESULTS: Multisystem injury was present in 39of them. Eleven of our patients required ICU facilities but none needed mechanical ventilation. Hemopneumothorax was present in 14 cases, whereas pneumothorax in four drained by tube thoracostomy. The hospital stay ranged between 9 and 23 days. Contraction and complete radiological resolution of the PPC needed a follow up of 6-11 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: (1) Primary traumatic pulmonary pseudocysts are benign lesions secondary to blunt chest trauma needing only conservative treatment unless complications arise, such as hemo- or pneumothorax or infection of the cavitary lesion. (2)Computed tomography is a really sensitive method for early detection of the lesion while plain roentgenograms are sufficient for the follow up.
Development and NEMA Validation of a GATE Model for the RefleXion BGRT PET System (2020)

Motion management for tumor physiological motion has been an important issue in external beam radiation therapy. By integrating a PET system into radiation beam delivery system, RefleXion's biology guided radiation therapy (BgRT) system uses real-time PET emissions from the tumor itself as a biological fiducial to deliver radiation that tracks the tumor. In order to understand BgRT's performance limit and provide guidance for its development of next generation systems and architectures, we built an accurate BgRT PET system model in GATE. A series of validation experiments per NEMA NU-2 2018 standard such as, sensitivity, noise equivalent count (NEC) testing, and image quality analysis, have been conducted in both the real and simulated systems. Preliminary results demonstrated a close match between these two systems.
Post-processing enhancement of decompressed images using variable order Bezier polynomials and distance transform (2002)

Summary form only given. We post-process images compressed by lossy JPEG algorithms (DCT and LOGO), following decompression, using Bezier polynomials for enhancement. Both JPEG algorithms, namely the DCT-based JPEG and the near-lossless baseline JPEG-LS (aka LOGO), employ spatial quantization. The DCT-based version introduces an artifact known as mosaic or "blockiness" by coarsely quantizing the DC coefficients. By quantizing the prediction errors, JPEG-LS introduces a "banding" artifact specially noticeable for quantization coarser than "8-off". The human visual system (HVS) is specially sensitive to degradations on smooth regions in the image. We propose a post-processing algorithm based on blending for enhancement of the degraded smooth regions due to quantization. In this work, we use Bezier polynomials of variable orders. Enhancement is obtained by blending each pixel in low-activity regions so the artifacts are reduced. The coefficients of the Bezier polynomials for the various orders used (from 3rd to 7th order) are precomputed and stored in look-up tables for speed. Active pixels, detected by using a threshold of 3/2 of the quantization step size, are left alone. The threshold is theoretically justified, avoids the problem of threshold determination on ordinary segmentation, and excludes quantization noise. In order to avoid over-smoothing of large low activity regions, the Bezier polynomials' order used to blend each pixel P/sub o,j/ is variable. Results are presented for lossy JPEG and JPEG-LS images for very low bit-rates.
Measuring exposure to advertising: A look at gross rating points (1992)

This article evaluates the relative merits of advertising expenditures and gross rating points (GRPs) as alternative measures of advertising exposure. Theoretically, GRPs and appropriately deflated advertising expenditures should provide identical representations of exposure. This hypothesis was tested using Canadian butter advertising data for the period 1984–1989. Our statistical analysis suggested the level of dollar outlays for television advertising and the associated estimated GRPs are positively related; this, however, was not the case in several instances for period-to-period changes in the level of expenditures. Because the problems of measurement errors, quality variation, and aggregation over media are shared by both data series, our tentative conclusion is that in practice GRPs are not necessarily superior to expenditures. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
The crystal conduction counter (1953)

Whenever a nuclear physicist observes a new effect caused by an atomic particle, he tries to make a counter out of it. After all, neutrons, protons, and their ilk are elusive little beasties and their detection and measurement form the life blood of experimental nuclear physics. The fact that charged particles can ionize gas molecules has been exploited to produce the ionization chamber, the proportional counter, and the Geiger counter. The fact that certain solids luminesce when bombarded with high-speed particles made possible many of the early studies in nuclear physics where the observer peered at a zinc sulphide screen through a microscope and laboriously counted the minute light flashes caused by alpha particles striking the screen. Recently, a photomultiplier tube has supplanted the eye-weary observer, resulting in the modern scintillation counter which plays an important role in all nuclear physics laboratories today. Thus it is only logical that attempts should be made to utilize the electrical effects produced in solids by ionizing particles—the solid state equivalent of an ionization chamber. Indeed, such effects have been sought for many years, yet it is only since World War II that new theory and new techniques have demonstrated that the crystal counter is actually a potentially useful measuring instrument. That its application is potential is an unfortunate consequence of the complexity of the solid state and the lack of an adequate understanding of the detailed electrical behavior of real crystals.
Genetic risk prediction in a small cohort of healthy adults in Atlanta (2013)

Compared with single markers, polygenic scores that evaluate the joint effects of multiple trait-associated variants are more effective in explaining the variance of traits and risk of diseases. In total, 182 CHDWB (Emory-Georgia Tech Center for Health Discovery and Well Being study) adults were genotyped to investigate the common variant contributions to three traits (height, BMI, serum triglycerides) and three diseases (coronary artery disease (CAD), type 2 diabetes (T2D) and asthma). Association was contrasted between weighted and simple allelic sum polygenic scores with quantitative traits, and with the Framingham risk scores for CAD and T2D. Although the cohort size is two or three orders of magnitude smaller than typical discovery cohorts, we were able to detect significant associations and to explain up to 5% of the traits by the genetic risk scores, despite a strong influence of outliers. An unexpected finding was that CAD-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) explain a significant amount of the variation for total serum cholesterol. Forward step-wise sequential addition of SNPs into the regression model showed that the top-ranked SNPs explain a large proportion of variance, whereas inclusion of gender and ethnicity also affect the performance of polygenic scores.
Phase-selective laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy of metal-oxide nanoparticle aerosols with secondary resonant excitation during flame synthesis (2015)

Phase-selective LIBS with secondary resonant excitation demonstrates strongly-enhanced emission in the <italic>in situ</italic> study of flame synthesis of titania nanoparticles.
The social honeypot project (2010)

We present the conceptual framework of the Social Honeypot Project for uncovering social spammers who target online communities and initial empirical results from Twitter and MySpace. Two of the key components of the Social Honeypot Project are: (1) The deployment of social honeypots for harvesting deceptive spam profiles from social networking communities; and (2) Statistical analysis of the properties of these spam profiles for creating spam classifiers to actively filter out existing and new spammers.
FIFO-less Core-pump Combiner for Multicore Fiber Amplifier (2021)

We demonstrate a core-pumping scheme for multicore EDFA with cascaded side-polished fiber couplers for the first time. The pump coupling ratio exceeds 70% while keeping signal coupling less than 10%.
Evaluation of Precalibrated Electrochemical Gas Sensors for Air Quality Monitoring Systems (2019)

Harmful atmospheric pollutants have been attributed to causing adverse weather conditions and health problems, which are particularly prevalent in more populated global regions such as in megacities. Nongovernmental and international agencies likewise throughout the world have called for increased awareness and action in effectively countering the increased rates of air pollution of which the consequences seem ominous. Meanwhile, in several major urban landscapes such as Saudi Arabia, no modern apparatus or efficient systematic mechanisms for qualitative detection of dangerous pollutants and gases exist. The current counterparts for hazardous gas measurements are expensive, bulky and cumbersome to set up. Thus, sensor devices that are portable and prompter in ambient air measurement are desired for filling the current gap in effective air pollution monitoring. Our objective in this research was to better understand and explore relatively cost-effective, flexible and dynamic sensors in real time monitoring that can efficiently function in modern day environments and regions. The suitability of these new-age sensors were analyzed for gases such as nitrogen dioxide (NO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> ), sulfur dioxide (SO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> ), carbon monoxide (CO), particle pollution (PM <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2.5</sub> , PM <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">10</sub> ), and ozone (O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> ). The study area was urban cities.
A new approach to determining water stable aggregation (1997)

Abstract A new method is introduced to measure water stability of soil aggregates. The wrist‐action shaker is a simple, inexpensive tool that provides highly accurate data for the assessment of soil erodibility. Three soils from Hawaii (two Oxisols and one Vertisol) with different mineralogies, management histories, and potassium (K)‐factors were examined in this study. Six indices of water stable aggregation were determined after rapid immersion of air‐dry aggregates, followed by gentle wet‐sieving. Single‐sieve indices of percent water stable aggregates (WSA) < 0.063 mm, > 0.25 mm, and > 1.00 mm, were highly correlated. Additionally, these indices were highly correlated with three multiple sieve indices, namely geometric mean aggregate diameter (GMAD), arithmetic mean aggregate mass diameter (MAMD), and the coarse‐to‐fine index (CFI = % WSA > 1.00 mm / % WSA < 0.063 mm). Analysis of WSA data indicated that the relative soil erodibility ranking, from high to low, would be: Lualualei Vertisol > Molokai Oxisol > Kaneloa Oxisol. Discriminant analysis using GMAD and % WSA > 1.00 mm correctly classified 55 of 56 soil samples into their respective soil series.