gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The voice user interface (2003)

Although speech is often the most efficient form of interpersonal communication, its use is more limited in the context of human-computer communication due to the current limitations in computer speech technology. Despite these shortcomings, carefully designed applications can enhance the user voice interface. Such applications are especially vital in areas requiring remote or "hands free" access. This paper describes the technologies needed for human-computer communication, discuss the limitations of the technologies and present possible applications that are feasible with existing technology.
The biosynthesis of penicillin. 6. A study of the mechanism of the formation of the thiazolidine–β-lactam rings, using tritium-labelled cystine (1957)

Previous work has established that part of the penicillin molecule (I), consisting of the side-chain nitrogen atom, N(8), the ,B-lactam carbon atoms, C(H7) , and the sulphur atom, is specifically derived from L-cysteine (Arnstein & Grant, 1954 b), whereas the carbon chain of the penicillamine moiety is derived from valine (Stevens, Vohra & DeLong, 1954; Arnstein & Grant, 1954a). It is not yet certain, however, whether L-or D-valine is specifically used for penicillin biosynthesis (Arnstein & Clubb, 1957).
Fractal surface finish (1988)

Surface finish measurements are usually fitted to models of the finish correlation function which are parametrized in terms of root-mean-square roughnesses, delta, and correlation lengths, l. Highly finished optical surfaces, however, are frequently better described by fractal models, which involve inverse power-law spectra and are parametrized by spectral strengths, K(n), and spectral indices, n. Analyzing measurements of fractal surfaces in terms of sigma and l gives results which are not intrinsic surface parameters but which depend on the bandwidth parameters of the measurement process used. This paper derives expressions for these pseudoparameters and discusses the errors involved in using them for the characterization and specification of surface finish.
The Organic Chemistry of Sugars (2005)

Intrigued as much by its complex nature as by its outsider status in traditional organic chemistry, the editors of The Organic Chemistry of Sugars compile a groundbreaking resource in carbohydrate chemistry that illustrates the ease at which sugars can be manipulated in a variety of organic reactions. Each chapter contains numerous examples demonst
Named Entity Disambiguation in Streaming Data (2012)

The named entity disambiguation task is to resolve the many-to-many correspondence between ambiguous names and the unique real-world entity. This task can be modeled as a classification problem, provided that positive and negative examples are available for learning binary classifiers. High-quality sense-annotated data, however, are hard to be obtained in streaming environments, since the training corpus would have to be constantly updated in order to accomodate the fresh data coming on the stream. On the other hand, few positive examples plus large amounts of unlabeled data may be easily acquired. Producing binary classifiers directly from this data, however, leads to poor disambiguation performance. Thus, we propose to enhance the quality of the classifiers using finer-grained variations of the well-known Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm. We conducted a systematic evaluation using Twitter streaming data and the results show that our classifiers are extremely effective, providing improvements ranging from 1% to 20%, when compared to the current state-of-the-art biased SVMs, being more than 120 times faster.
Adaptive time mismatches identification and correction in polar transmitter architecture (2007)

This paper deals with synchronization in EER type of transmitter architecture, illustrated in the context of 3GPP standard. Firstly, we point out the sensitivity of such architecture to delay mismatch between the two signals path. This sensitivity can be observed on EVM and output spectrum performances. To correct this default, two algorithms are studied. Both are based on the comparison between the emitted signal and the digitally generated one but with the difference that the first algorithm needs I/Q demodulation whereas the second one only needs the in-phase component of the transmitted signal. We demonstrate that the quality of the interpolator used is crucial. Implementation details are given. We present simulation results realised with HPADS and draw attention to the enhancement of the transmitter performances using such algorithm.
Simultaneous structure and texture image inpainting (2003)

An algorithm for the simultaneous filling-in of texture and structure in regions of missing image information is presented. The basic idea is to first decompose the image into the sum of two functions with different basic characteristics, and then reconstruct each one of these functions separately with structure and texture filling-in algorithms. The first function used in the decomposition is of bounded variation, representing the underlying image structure, while the second function captures the texture and possible noise. The region of missing information in the bounded variation image is reconstructed using image inpainting algorithms, while the same region in the texture image is filled-in with texture synthesis techniques. The original image is then reconstructed adding back these two sub-images. The novel contribution of the paper is then in the combination of these three previously developed components: image decomposition with inpainting and texture synthesis, which permits the simultaneous use of filling-in algorithms that are suited for different image characteristics. Examples on real images show the advantages of this proposed approach.
Introduction (2012)

A lively defence of the ethics of exemplary narrative, and a detailed account of its forms and functioning in the works of Geoffrey Chaucer and John Gower. Why do medieval writers routinely make use of exemplary rhetoric? How does it work, and what are its ethical and poetical values? And if Chaucer and Gower must be seen as vigorously subverting it, then why do they persist in using it? Borrowing from recent developments in ethical criticism and theory, this book addresses such questions by reconstructing a late medieval rationale for the ethics of exemplary narrative. The author argues that Chaucer's 'Canterbury Tales' and Gower's 'Confessio Amantis' attest to the vitality of a narrative - rather than strictly normative - ethics that has roots in premodern traditions of practical reason and rhetoric. Chaucer and Gower are shown to be inheritors and respecters of an early and unexpected form of ethical pragmatism - which has profound implications for the orthodox history of ethics in the West. Recipient of the 2008 John H. Fisher Award for significant contribution to the field of Gower Studies. Dr J ALLAN MITCHELL is Lecturer in Medieval Literature, University of Kent, Canterbury.
시효에 관한 2011년 민법개정안 연구 (2011)

Der 2011-Reformsantrag(zitiert 2011-RA) des Koreanische BGB(zitiert K-BEB) uber die Verjahrung und Ersitzung wurde in der Kabinettsizung am 14. Juni, 2011 beschloben. Nach dem 2011-RA ist die Verjahrungsfrist der Forderung 5 Jahre. Und Regelungen der verkurzte Verjahrungsfristen wurden gestichen. Femer der Beginn der Verjahrungsfrist wurde vom objektiven System geandert. 211-RA spricht statt von der Unterbrechung der Verjahrung von dem Neubeginn. Und die Vollendungsgemmung wurde neben der Unterbrechung und Hemmung der Verjahrung oder Ersitzung eingefugt. 2011-RA regelt die Hemmungstatbestande in 163, die Neubeginnstatbestande in 177, 178, die Vollendungshemmungstatbestande in 173-176. Daneben regelt 170-172 2011-RA die Vollendungshemmungstatbestande in Verbindung mit der Hemmungstatbestande. Im Hinblick auf die Wirkung der Verjahrung verlangt 2011-RA von Schuldnern die Gcltendmachung der Einrede der Verjahrung. 2011-RA hat die Vermutung des Eigenbesitzes in 197 gestrichen. Und er hat den guten Glauben und Unfahrlabigkeit als die Tatbestande der Ersizug des Grundstucksigentums eingefugt. 2011-RA verlangert die Verjahrungsfrust des Schadensersatzanspruch bei der unerlaubte Handlung vor 3 Jahre zur 5 jahre Und nach dem 2011-RA wird die Verjahrungsfrust des schadensersatzanspruch bei der unerlaubte Handlung fur der beschrankte Fahigkeite gehemmt, wahrend sie die beschrankte Fahigkeite ist. 2011-RA hat einerseits dem K-BEB die neuen europaischen Gesetze, wie beispielsweise das deitsche BGB, der franzosische code cibil anpabt. Aber er hat andererseits die eigentumlichen Punkte. 2011-RA ist grobartig.
Message from the Program Chair of the 2007 Annual Scientific Meeting (2007)

1. Sharon A. Keene, MD 1. Tucson, Arizona </br>![][1]</img> Dear Colleagues, Each year members of the ISHRS Annual Scientific Committee work to develop a program for the Annual Meeting that will not only fulfill the stated needs of our membership but stimulate innovation and thought in
Using SVM to construct a Chinese dependency parser (2006)

In Chinese, dependency analysis has been shown to be a powerful syntactic parser because the order of phrases in a sentence is relatively free compared with English. Conventional dependency parsers require a number of sophisticated rules that have to be handcrafted by linguists, and are too cumbersome to maintain. To solve the problem, a parser using SVM (Support Vector Machine) is introduced. First, a new strategy of dependency analysis is proposed. Then some chosen feature types are used for learning and for creating the modification matrix using SVM. Finally, the dependency of phrases in the sentence is generated. Experiments conducted to analyze how each type of feature affects parsing accuracy, showed that the model can increase accuracy of the dependency parser by 9.2%.
The new PTB angle comparator (1998)

A new highly precise angle measuring table has been developed for the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, which is to be used as a comparator to calibrate angle standards. First results of the determination of the comparator's errors of measurement obtained by two calibration methods are reported. Considering the results obtained, it is to be expected that the desired uncertainty of measurement of can be achieved.
Neurosurgical Management of Spasticity Part I (1995)

Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Place, Houston, Texas 77030, and Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi, Jackson, Mississippi
[Selected cytokine gene polymorphisms and the risk of preterm delivery in the population of Polish women]. (2009)

Maternal carriage of the IL1RN*2 allele appears to be associated with an elevated risk of preterm delivery in the population of Polish women. Coincidence of IL1RN*2 with at least one copy of IL-6 allele G might increase the risk of preterm delivery even further.
Prevention of Hospital-Acquired Hyponatremia: A Case for Using Isotonic Saline (2003)

The administration of isotonic saline in maintenance parenteral fluids is the most important prophylactic measure that can be taken to prevent the development of hyponatremia in children who receive parenteral fluids.
Protection against fatal Pseudomonas aeruginosa burn wound sepsis by immunization with lipopolysaccharide and high-molecular-weight polysaccharide (1984)

A murine burn wound model was employed to evaluate the relative efficacy of purified Pseudomonas aeruginosa lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and high-molecular-weight polysaccharide as protective immunogens. LPS was found to be both highly immunogenic and protective. As little as three 0.001-microgram doses elicited good immunoglobulin M and G titers and increased the mean lethal dose more than 1,000-fold. The level of protection against a live challenge correlated with antibody titers and was found to be serotype specific. An immunizing regimen which evoked only an immunoglobulin M response was still found to offer substantial protection. Immunization with a high-molecular-weight polysaccharide was also found to be protective. However, approximately 1,000-fold more high-molecular-weight polysaccharide, as compared with LPS, was needed to protect mice to an equivalent degree. Immunization with LPS was found to promote bacterial clearance and prevent establishment of bacteremia. A multivalent LPS vaccine conferred high levels of protection (110- to 53,000-fold) against eight different challenge strains of various serotypes.
Using Only Link-Local Addressing inside an IPv6 Network (2014)

In an IPv6 network, it is possible to use only link-local addresses on infrastructure links between routers.This document discusses the advantages and disadvantages of this approach to facilitate the decision process for a given network.
Collaborative annotation of real time streams on android-enabled devices (2012)

Mobile based collaboration such as image tagging and video annotation has become a research hotspot for both academic groups and the industry. Mobile devices running with Google Android or Apples iOS have almost the same computing and multimedia capabilities as modern computers, which enables conducting regular collaborative activities on them. Moreover their embedded geographic sensors can provide useful auxiliary metadata to help improve the accuracy of several collaboration features such as location annotation and tagging recommendation. In this paper, we firstly analyze recent research on mobile based collaboration and annotation projects, and then we introduce our efforts in expanding a collaborative annotation framework to the mobile platforms, especially the android-enabled devices. A prototype of the mobile extension that supports collaborative annotation on real time data streams especially audiovisual streams is introduced as well as several preliminary performance experiments.
Anatomy-specific classification of medical images using deep convolutional nets (2015)

Automated classification of human anatomy is an important prerequisite for many computer-aided diagnosis systems. The spatial complexity and variability of anatomy throughout the human body makes classification difficult. “Deep learning” methods such as convolutional networks (ConvNets) outperform other state-of-the-art methods in image classification tasks. In this work, we present a method for organ- or body-part-specific anatomical classification of medical images acquired using computed tomography (CT) with ConvNets. We train a ConvNet, using 4,298 separate axial 2D key-images to learn 5 anatomical classes. Key-images were mined from a hospital PACS archive, using a set of 1,675 patients. We show that a data augmentation approach can help to enrich the data set and improve classification performance. Using ConvNets and data augmentation, we achieve anatomy-specific classification error of 5.9 % and area-under-the-curve (AUC) values of an average of 0.998 in testing. We demonstrate that deep learning can be used to train very reliable and accurate classifiers that could initialize further computer-aided diagnosis.
Dreamweaver 2 for Windows and Macintosh (1999)

Macromedia's Dreamweaver 2 is the upgrade to its cross-platform visual tool for creating sophisticated Web sites. Building on the phenomenal success of the previous version, Dreamweaver 2, a WYSIWYG authoring tool which supports stylesheets, DHTML, JavaScript, table-making, and other high-end visual features, is about to take the web-authoring world by storm - again.Surfing the same wave of success is Dreamweaver 2 for Windows and Macintosh: Visual QuickStart Guide, the essential, visually rich guide to Dreamweaver 2. Whether readers are just starting to learn the basics of Web page design or looking to build on their Web design expertise, this book will give them a thorough grounding in Dreamweaver's capabilities. Nearly every chapter goes beyond Dreamweaver's WYSIWYG visual editing and delves into working with the code to enhance Web pages.
A methodology for evaluating runtime support in network processors (2006)

Modern network processor systems require the ability to adapt their processing capabilities at runtime to changes in network traffic. Traditionally, network processor applications have been optimized for a single static workload scenario, but recently several approaches for run-time adaptation have been proposed. Comparing these approaches and developing novel run-time support algorithms is difficult due to the multicore system-on-a-chip nature of network processors. In this paper, we present a model for network processors that can aid in evaluating different run-time support systems. The model considers workload characteristics of applications and network traffic. We use a queuing network abstraction to model different runtime systems. We illustrate the effectiveness of this model by comparing the performance of two existing workload adaptation algorithms.
Magnesium basics (2012)

As a cofactor in numerous enzymatic reactions, magnesium fulfils various intracellular physiological functions. Thus, imbalance in magnesium status-primarily hypomagnesaemia as it is seen more often than hypermagnesaemia-might result in unwanted neuromuscular, cardiac or nervous disorders. Measuring total serum magnesium is a feasible and affordable way to monitor changes in magnesium status, although it does not necessarily reflect total body magnesium content. The following review focuses on the natural occurrence of magnesium and its physiological function. The absorption and excretion of magnesium as well as hypo- and hypermagnesaemia will be addressed.
Reactive sputtering of titanium diboride and titanium disilicide (1997)

Nanocomposite films of titanium nitride in either boron nitride or silicon nitride matrices were prepared by reactive sputtering of titanium diboride or titanium disilicide targets in a nitrogen plasma. These films were expected to have high dielectric constants and in the case of the silicon nitride matrix high hardness. The films were characterized by a variety of physicochemical techniques including photoelectron spectroscopy, Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy, RBS, and transmission electron microscopy. The films derived from titanium diboride incorporated oxygen as an inadvertent impurity in the form of titanium monoxide and dioxide. A silicon oxynitride underlayer is suggested by the RBS analysis of the silicon nitride based film, apparently arising from exposure of the native oxide on silicon to the nitrogen plasma. Capacitance measurements of the films showed moderately high dielectric constants of about 30–60 and a hardness of 11 GPa for the silicon nitride nanocomposite.
The implementation of a full-bridge phase-shifted zero-voltage-switching power converter (2009)

A zero-voltage switching DC/DC converter with the high circuit efficiency is presented in this paper. The structure of a full-bridge converter with the phase-shift PWM is used to achieve the zero-voltage switching in the transformer primary side for the purpose of the switching lose reduction. In order to increase the converter efficiency in the transformer secondary side, a current doublers rectifier, low current ripple, and synchronized rectifier circuits are also adopted. The detail circuit operation and mathematical analysis are presented in this paper. The measured efficiency on the prototype, a DC/DC converter 200 V/24 V with 6 A output current, is higher than 88%.
Überstellungsbefehl (1982)

Erhalten ist etwa das linke Drittel der Urkunde mit linkem, oberem und unterem Rand. Der linke Freiraum ist neben der ersten und dritten Zeile etwa 1 cm breit, dazwischen ist er weggebrochen, aber ohne daß dies einen Textverlust zur Folge gehabt hätte. Auch am oberen Rande ist ein Spatium von 1–1,5 cm Breite gelassen, das aber von den Oberlängen besonders der beiden Etas in Z. 1 durchquert wird. Unten gibt es praktisch keinen freien Rand, allerdings besteht die letzte Zeile vermutlich nur aus einem Wort (s. die Anm. zu Z. 4). Das Papyrusblatt ist von sehr schlechter Qualität. Es ist auf der Rektoseite quer zu den Fasern beschrieben, wie es bei Urkunden dieses Typs häufig zu beobachten ist. Auch das Format ist typisch. Daß es sich um einen Überstellungsbefehl handelt, läßt sich außer aus diesen äußeren Merkmalen auch aus der Adresse, den Worten αἰτιαθέντα in Z. 2 und ἐπὶ τὴν πόλιν in Z. 3 schließen.
Tolerability of NGX-4010, a capsaicin 8% dermal patch, following pretreatment with lidocaine 2.5%/prilocaine 2.5% cream in patients with post-herpetic neuralgia (2011)

NGX-4010 was well tolerated following pretreatment with lidocaine 2.5%/prilocaine 2.5% cream in patients with PHN. The tolerability of the patch application appeared comparable with that seen in other studies that used 4% lidocaine cream as the pretreatment anesthetic. This study is registered at http://www.clinicaltrials.gov as number NCT00916942.
Privacy on the Open Road (2004)

The discussion begins by describing some of the surveillance techniques and technologies that can affect the privacy of travelers along public roadways. Then the article turns to examine some of the privacy interests of people on the open road. The next part considers some of the many types of legal rights that protect the privacy of people on public roads or highways. The article concludes by addressing the principle that people on the open road have important rights to freedom from intrusions and interferences with their on-the-road activities.
[Physiological responses of Enteromorpha linza and Enteromorpha prolifera to seawater salinity stress]. (2012)

To investigate the physiological responses and adaptation mechanisms of Enteromorpha to seawater salinity stress, a laboratory experiment with Enteromorpha linza and E. prolifera was conducted to study their fresh mass (FM), relative growth rate (RGR), relative electrical conductivity (REC), chlorophyll (Chl) and carotenoid (Car) contents, Chl a/Chl b, Chl/Car, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, and osmotic adjustment ability (OAA) under the stress of different salinity levels of diluted and concentrated seawater for 10 days. Compared with the control, 10%-200% salinity seawater increased the FM and RGR of the two Enteromorpha species obviously, 100% and 50% salinity seawater made the FM and RGR of E. linza and E. prolifera peaked, respectively, while 300% salinity seawater decreased the FM and RGR of E. linza and E. prolifera significantly, with the decrement being larger for E. linza. The biomass of E. linza and E. prolifer only had an increase in 50% and 100% sanity seawater and in 10%, 50%, 100%, and 200% salinity seawater, respectively. The Chl and Car contents and Chl a/Chl b of E. linza and E. prolifera had a significant increase in 10% salinity seawater, but decreased after an initial increase with the increasing salinity level of seawater. The Chl and Car contents and Chl a/Chl b of E. linza and E. prolifera peaked in 100% and 50% salinity seawater, respectively. With increasing salinity of seawater, the light use efficiency (alpha), maximal photochemical efficiency of PS II (F(v)/F(m)), actual photochemical efficiency of PS II in the light (Yield), maximal relative electron transport rate (rETR(max)), and half-saturation light intensity (I(k)) of E. linza and E. prolifera all showed the same variation trend as Chl. 10% -300% salinity seawater enabled E. linza and E. prolifera to express certain osmotic adjustment ability (OAA), and the OAA of E. linza and E. prolifer peaked in 100% and 50% salinity seawater, respectively. The growth of Enteromorpha had no correlation with Chl/Car, but was significantly negatively correlated with REC and positively correlated with Chl, Car, Chl a/ Chl b, F(v)/F(m), Yield, rETR(max), alpha, I(k), and OAA. To sum up, 100% salinity was the optimal salt concentration for the growth of E. linza, and 50% salinity was optimal for E. prolifera. E. prolifera could adapt to a wider range of salinity than E. linza. The parameters REC, Chl, Car, Chl a/Chl b, F(v)/F(m), Yield, rETR(max), alpha, I(k), and OAA could be used to evaluate the salt adaptation of Enteromorpha.