gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A multiple input-multiple output channel model for simulation of Tx- and Rx-diversity wireless systems (2002)

Space-time receivers for wireless communication systems offer the possibility to have both Tx- and Rx-antennas. For a realistic simulation of such systems, a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) spatial channel model is required which reasonably characterizes the space- and time-variant effects of the mobile radio channel. This paper describes a space-time vector channel model with realistic fading simulation for different scenarios. Mutual correlation between the fading coefficients is considered. This allows an estimation of the diversity gain, that can be achieved with space-time receivers in different scenarios.
Increasing the breakdown capability of superjunction power MOSFETs at the edge of the active region (2009)

When superjunction power MOSFETs operate near the rim of the safe operating area, avalanche breakdown can occur in the transition region between the active cell array and the edge termination. Numerical device simulations confirmed this and revealed local charge imbalances, created by irregularities in the superjunction doping pattern, as major cause. Based on the simulation results, we proposed optimized transitions of the superjunction doping pattern from the active cell array to the edge termination. Numerical device simulations as well as experiments demonstrated the enhanced breakdown capability of these transition regions.
Metabolic control of peroxisome abundance (1999)

Zellweger syndrome and related disorders represent a group of lethal, genetically heterogeneous diseases. These peroxisome biogenesis disorders (PBDs) are characterized by defective peroxisomal matrix protein import and comprise at least 10 complementation groups. The genes defective in seven of these groups and more than 90% of PBD patients are now known. Here we examine the distribution of peroxisomal membrane proteins in fibroblasts from PBD patients representing the seven complementation groups for which the mutant gene is known. Peroxisomes were detected in all PBD cells, indicating that the ability to form a minimal peroxisomal structure is not blocked in these mutants. We also observed that peroxisome abundance was reduced fivefold in PBD cells that are defective in the PEX1, PEX5, PEX12, PEX6, PEX10, and PEX2 genes. These cell lines all display a defect in the import of proteins with the type-1 peroxisomal targeting signal (PTS1). In contrast, peroxisome abundance was unaffected in cells that are mutated in PEX7 and are defective only in the import of proteins with the type-2 peroxisomal targeting signal. Interestingly, a fivefold reduction in peroxisome abundance was also observed for cells lacking either of two PTS1-targeted peroxisomal beta-oxidation enzymes, acyl-CoA oxidase and 2-enoyl-CoA hydratase/D-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase. These results indicate that reduced peroxisome abundance in PBD cells may be caused by their inability to import these PTS1-containing enzymes. Furthermore, the fact that peroxisome abundance is influenced by peroxisomal 105-oxidation activities suggests that there may be metabolic control of peroxisome abundance.
Personalized Audio Broadcasting System through the Terrestrial- DMB System (2007)

This paper describes the personalized audio broadcasting services through the terrestrial digital multimedia broadcasting (T-DMB) system. This system consists of preprocessing module, authoring module, T-DMB transmission/reception module and playing terminal. Through this system user can control the 3D audio scene freely or choose the preset 3D audio scene. This system can be applied to DMB, 3DTV and home shopping applications to provide interactivity and realistic feelings.
InGaAsP/InP horizontal cavity surface-emitting lasers radiating in two opposite directions (1992)

A 1.3 μm InGaAsP/InP surface-emitting laser of a new design is demonstrated. It consists of internal and external 45° micromirrors and emits beams from both the front and rear surfaces. The device has a buried crescent laser structure with reflection mirrors etched at vertical and 45° to the plane of the active layer. The mirror facets are fabricated using one reactive ion-beam etching process. A threshold current of 80 mA, and each output power above 0.2 mW are achieved at room temperature.
Secondary sensitivities and stability of ultrasensitive silicon pressure sensors (1990)

Experimental results on the characterization of secondary effects in boron-doped silicon membranes are presented. Capacitive pressure sensors were fabricated with and without a variety of dielectrics on the diaphragms and were tested over pressure and temperature. The temperature coefficient of sensitivity (TCS) and zero pressure temperature coefficient of offset (TCO) were found to be as much as an order of magnitude higher than previously reported values; this is due to the strong dependence of pressure sensitivity on internal stress and the large mismatches in thermal expansion coefficients between silicon and dielectrics. Creep and fatigue affected the offset by <0.2% full scale, and the change in pressure sensitivity was insignificant; hysteresis observed on all devices was also <0.2% full scale. The results indicate that it may be possible to extend the pressure range by an order of magnitude, which would increase the resolution from 10 to 16 b.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Expression of intracellular domain of epidermal growth factor receptor and generation of its monoclonal antibody. (2004)

To prepare monoclonal antibody specific to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) intracellular domain, its gene was amplified from total RNA of A431 cell by RT-PCR. Then the gene was cloned into prokaryotic vector pET30a(+). The recombinant plasmid was transformed into E. coli BL21 (DE3) strain for protein expression. Recombinant protein was induced with IPTG and purified using Ni2+-NTA agarose. Then the anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody (mAb) was prepared with classical hybridoma technique. Positive clones were selected using indirect enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA). Totally 4 hybridoma clones were obtained and these mAbs were IgG1 (3 clones) and IgG2a (1 clone), respectively. Their light chains were all kappa chains. Western blotting analysis and confocal immunofluorescence assays demonstrated that mAbs could specifically recognize EGFR expressing on A431 carcinoma cell line. The mAbs will be useful in the study of EGFR-mediated signal transduction.
Deviation from prescribed drug treatment after discharge from hospital. (1976)

A study of 130 patients discharged from four hospital wards dealing mainly with acute medical cases showed that 66 deviated from the drug regimen prescribed on discharge. Of the patients, 46 did not have a clear understanding of the regimen (non-comprehension) and 20 of the remaining 84 patients understood the prescribed regimen but did not follow the instructions (non-compliance). The prescribing of complex drug regimens, and the availability of medicines prescribed before admission to hospital appeared to be the two main factors influencing non-comprehension and non-compliance.
Effects of omega-3 fatty acids on cardiovascular disease. (2004)

Authors' objectives As the first of a 3-part report on this topic, we analyzed relevant nutrition databases to describe the intake levels of various omega-3 fatty acids in the US population. We also performed a systematic review of the literature to assess the benefits of omega-3 fatty acid supplements or fish consumption on various CVD outcomes and to assess adverse events associated with intake of omega-3 fatty acid supplements.
Identification of Cells Expressing Cx43, Cx30, Cx26, Cx32 and Cx36 in Gap Junctions of Rat Brain and Spinal Cord (2001)

We have identified cells expressing Cx26, Cx30, Cx32, Cx36 and Cx43 in gap junctions of rat central nervous system (CNS) using confocal light microscopic immunocytochemistry and freeze-fracture replica immunogold labeling (FRIL). Confocal microscopy was used to assess general distributions of connexins, whereas the 100-fold higher resolution of FRIL allowed co-localization of several different connexins within individual ultrastructurally-defined gap junction plaques in ultrastructurally and immunologically identified cell types. In >4000 labeled gap junctions found in >370 FRIL replicas of gray matter in adult rats, Cx26, Cx30 and Cx43 were found only in astrocyte gap junctions; Cx32 was only in oligodendrocytes, and Cx36 was only in neurons. Moreover, Cx26, Cx30 and Cx43 were co-localized in most astrocyte gap junctions. Oligodendrocytes shared intercellular gap junctions only with astrocytes, and these heterologous junctions had Cx32 on the oligodendrocyte side and Cx26, Cx30 and Cx43 on the astrocyte side. In 4 and 18 day postnatal rat spinal cord, neuronal gap junctions contained Cx36, whereas Cx26 was present in leptomenigeal gap junctions. Thus, in adult rat CNS, neurons and glia express different connexins, with "permissive" connexin pairing combinations apparently defining separate pathways for neuronal vs. glial gap junctional communication.
Performance and Characteristics of Heat Pump Clothes Drier (2017)

In this paper, a study of clothes drying using a heat pump drier has been carried out. The objective is to examine the performance and drying characteristics of the heat pump clothes dryer. The result of performances and drying characteristics were compared with waste heat drying system of split-type residential air conditioner (RAC). A drying chamber with volume 1 m3 integrated with heat pump component had been designed and fabricated. The heat pump operated by vapor compression cycle with power input of 800W and refrigerant R22 as a working fluid. The clothes dried made of pure cotton with initial weight varied from 3.00 kg, 5.25 kg, and 6.38 kg, respectively. The results shown that the drying time and drying rate of heat pump drier are faster than waste heat drying system. The average total performance of heat pump clothes drier is 6.56. On the other hand, SMER which is obtained 1.492 kg/kWh. These values are lower than the SMER of waste heat drying system which shown the average value of 2.492 kg/kWh. In the case of drying clothes, waste heat drying of RAC shows a better performance in comparison with heat pump drying system.
Fog Droplet Vaporization and Fragmentation by a 106-μm Laser Pulse (1973)

A pulsed CO(2) laser is used to irradiate single fog droplets. The droplets are photographed before, during, and after irradiation by a high speed back-illuminated photomicrograph system. The laser pulse has an energy of about 0.5 J, and the pulse width is about 300 nsec (full width at half-maximum); the power density in the region of the water droplet is about 10 MW/cm(2). In the larger droplets (~20-,microm radius) front surface vaporization is observed; this is accompanied by spallation of the droplet at its back surface. Presumably, a shock wave is produced within the droplet in reaction to the rapid blowoff of the vapor at the front surface, and the spallation is produced when the shock wave is reflected from the back surface of the droplet. Smaller droplets (<12-,microm radius) undergo volume heating rather than front-surface heating. The photographs are taken with a 20-nsec exposure, and the interval between photographs can be varied in steps of 10 nsec, a typical interval being ~1 microsec.
Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of Magnesocene Amine Adducts. Structural Distortions Arising from N−H···C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>5</sub><sup>-</sup> Hydrogen Bonding and Molecular Orbital Calculations Thereof (2003)

Magnesocene amine adducts were prepared and characterized. Addition of primary (3-amino-2,4-dimethylpentane, isopropylamine, tert-butylamine, benzylamine, cyclohexylamine) and secondary (diethylamine, dibenzylamine, dicyclohexylamine, and N-isopropylbenzylamine) amines to magnesocene at ambient temperature in toluene afforded the stable amine adducts Cp2Mg(NH2CH(CH(CH3)2)2) (91%), Cp2Mg(NH2iPr) (80%), Cp2Mg(NH2tBu) (67%), Cp2Mg(NH2CH2Ph) (80%), Cp2Mg(NH2(C6H11)) (93%), Cp2Mg(NHEt2) (84%), Cp2Mg(NH(CH2Ph)2) (86%), Cp2Mg(NH(C6H11)2) (84%), and Cp2Mg(NH(iPr)(CH2Ph)) (91%). Most adducts can be sublimed at under 100 °C/0.05 Torr in good yields (72−95%) without decomposition (<1% residue). However, Cp2Mg(NH2CH2Ph) decomposes to Cp2Mg (70% of theory) and Cp2Mg(NH2CH2Ph)2 (75% of theory) under reduced pressure, even at room temperature, and is thus unsuitable for sublimation. The solid-state structures of Cp2Mg(NH2(C6H11)), Cp2Mg(NH(iPr)(CH2Ph)), and Cp2Mg(NH2CH2Ph)2 were determined by X-ray diffraction methods. In the solid-state structures, Cp2Mg(NH2(C6H11)) and Cp2Mg(NH2CH2Ph)2 contain one η5- and one η2-coordinated cyclopentadienyl ring, while Cp2Mg(NH(iPr)(CH2Ph)) contains two η5-cyclopentadienyl rings. Infrared spectroscopy suggests that the adducts are stabilized by N−H···C5H5- hydrogen bonding. Molecular orbital calculations on the model complex Cp2Mg(NH2CH3) support the idea of N−H···C5H5- hydrogen bonding and provide insight into the energetics and exchange processes associated with the hydrogen bond. The N−H···C5H5- hydrogen bond strength is estimated to be 4.2 ± 1.4 kcal/mol, and molecular orbital calculations suggest that the amine hydrogen atoms undergo site exchange by a low-energy intramolecular rotational process that interconverts the η2- and η5-cyclopentadienyl ligands.
Erratum: Visible light emission from semiconducting polymer diodes [Appl. Phys. Lett. <b>58</b>, 1982 (1991)] (1991)

First Page
Semi-quantitative measurement of Plasmodium falciparum antigen PfHRP2 in blood and plasma (1997)

Plasmodium falciparum histidine rich protein 2 (PfHRP2) antigen was measured semi-quantitatively in whole blood, plasma, and supernatants and red blood cells of cultures in vitro using the dipstick ParaSight-F test and also by a quantitative antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In vitro, PfHRP2 was secreted mainly during the second half of the asexual cycle with a marked rise during schizont development and rupture. The total PfHRP2 secreted before schizogony corresponded to approximately 4% of that contained in the red blood cells. In samples from 55 patients with acute falciparum malaria, the level of detection by ELISA corresponded to parasitaemias of 100/microL for whole blood and 1600/microL for separated plasma. Whole blood PfHRP2 levels were correlated significantly with admission parasitaemia (r = 0.76, P < 0.0001) and the stage of parasite development (r = 0.43, P < 0.01). Although whole blood PfHRP2 concentrations were higher in severe malaria, plasma concentrations of PfHRP2 were considerably higher in severe malaria (median titre 1:320, range zero to 1:1280) than in uncomplicated malaria (median titre 1:5, range zero to 1:80; P < 0.0001). The ratio of whole blood to plasma PfHRP2 was lower in severe than in uncomplicated malaria (median 4, range 0.25 to 256, versus 64, range 4 to 1280; P < 0.0001). With plasma samples the intensity of colour change on the dipstick correlated well with more precise measurement of optical density in the ELISA (r = 0.88, P < 0.0001). These results suggest that measurement of PfHRP2 in plasma could provide an alternative approach to the assessment of the parasite biomass, and thus prognosis, in severe malaria, and that this could be done simply by using the currently available dipsticks.
Tile Based HEVC Video for Head Mounted Displays (2016)

360° Video services with resolutions of UHD and beyond for Virtual Reality head mounted displays are a challenging task due to limits of video decoders in constrained end devices. Adaptivity to the current user viewport is a promising approach but incurs significant encoding overhead when encoding per user or set of viewports. A more efficient way to achieve viewport adaptive streaming is to facilitate motion-constrained HEVC tiles. Original content resolution within the user viewport is preserved while content currently not presented to the user is delivered in lower resolution. A lightweight aggregation of varying resolution tiles into a single HEVC bitstream can be carried out on-the-fly and allows usage of a single decoder instance on the end device.
Synthesis of Functionally Substituted Alkylboronic Acids. Hydroboration of N-Alkenylureas and -carbamates<sup>1</sup> (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of Functionally Substituted Alkylboronic Acids. Hydroboration of N-Alkenylureas and -carbamates1D. N. Butler and A. H. SolowayCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1966, 88, 3, 484–487Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00955a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00955a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views483Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Accuracy Improvement for Line-Series-Shunt Calibration in Broadband Scattering-Parameter Measurements With Applications of On-Wafer Device Characterization (2010)

In this paper, error analysis and accuracy improvement for on-wafer line-series-shunt calibration in broadband scattering parameter ( <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">S</i> -parameter) measurements are presented with complete modeling of the resistive series/shunt standards, rather than the simple lumped assumptions that were basic requirements in previous studies. The associated parasitic effects in the models are estimated by the first-run results using lumped assumption. They are further updated iteratively, where higher order errors are analytically identified. Additionally, the de-embedded <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">S</i> -parameters are transformed for the reference impedance, based on the acquired characteristic impedance, which may differ from the measurement system in broadband operations. The proposed algorithm and calibration data are demonstrated by pseudomorphic high electron-mobility transistors with conductor-back coplanar waveguides built on GaAs substrates with verifications of the thru-reflect-line calibration results.
Ambient Pressure Inverse Ion Mobility Spectrometry Coupled to Mass Spectrometry (2017)

Although higher resolving powers are often achieved using ambient pressure drift tube ion mobility mass spectrometry (DT-IMMS) systems, lower duty cycles are often required which directly impacts sensitivity. Moreover, the mechanism of ion gating using Bradbury-Nielsen or Tyndall-Gate configurations routinely results in ion gate depletion effects which discriminate against low mobility ions. This paper reports a new method of ambient pressure ion mobility operation in which inverse ion mobility spectrometry is coupled to a time-of-flight mass spectrometer to improve sensitivity and minimize the effects of ion gate depletion. In this mode of operation, the duty cycle is improved to approximate 99% from a typical value of less than 1%, improving the signal intensity by over 2 orders of magnitude. Another advantage of inverse ion mobility mass spectrometry is a reduction of the impact of ion gate depletion on low mobility molecules that translates into higher sensitivity for this class of analytes. To demonstrate these benefits afforded by this instrumental mode of operation differences in sensitivity, resolving power, and ion discrimination are compared between the inverse and normal modes of operation using tetraalkylammonium standards. These results show that the ion throughput is significantly increased for analytes with a broad range of mobilities with little impact on resolving power. While the mobility-based discrimination is minimized using the inverse mode of operation, the noise level in the inverse mode is highly dependent upon the stability of ionization source.
Gehinderte Ligandenbewegungen in Übergangsmetallkomplexen, VIII. Untersuchungen an Übergangsmetallkomplexen mit cyclischen Carbenliganden, II. Chrom‐, Molybdän‐ und Wolframkomplexe mit 1,3‐Dimethyl‐4‐imidazolin‐2‐yliden‐Liganden (1976)

Abstract Pentacarbonyl(1,3‐dimethyl‐4‐imidazolin‐2‐yliden)chrom(0) ( 1 ), ‐molybdän(0) ( 2 ) und ‐wolfram(0) ( 3 disproportionieren thermisch zu cis ‐Tetracarbonylbis(1,3‐dimethyl‐4‐imidazolin‐2‐yliden)‐chrom(0) ( 4 ), ‐molybdän (0) ( 5 ) und ‐wolfram (0) ( 6 ) und den entsprechenden Metallhexacarbonylen. 1 reagiert in Benzol mit P(C 6 H 5 ) 3 bzw. C 6 H 11 NC zu cis ‐ Cr(CO) 4 H 8 N 2 )[P(C 6 H 5 ) 3 ] (7) bzw cis ‐Cr(CO) 4 (C 5 H 8 N 2 )(CNC 6 H 11 ) ( 8 ). Die 1 H‐NMR‐Spektren von 4 – 6 sind temperaturabhängig als Folge einer Hinderung der Rotation der cyclischen Carbenliganden um die Carbenkohlenstoff‐Metall‐Bindung. Die Hinderung ist auf sterische Wechselwirkungen zwischen den N ‐Methyl‐gruppen der C 5 H 8 N 2 ‐Liganden und den dazu cis ‐ständigen Liganden zurückzuführen. Die Rotationsbarrieren liegen um 9kcal/mol und sind vom Zentralmetall abhängig. In 7 und 8 konnte dagegen das Einfrieren der Carbenligandrotation NMR‐spektroskopisch nicht nachgewiesen werden.
Luminescence of peptide‐bound terbium ions Determination of binding constants (1991)

Luminescence of Tb3+ ions bound to a calmodulin fragment has been studied. It is shown that during their lifetime excited ions dissociate from the peptide. If concentration of free peptide is high enough they can be coordinated again. As a consequence, observed terbium luminescence lifetime and intensity depends not only on binding equilibrium, but also on concentration of free peptide molecules. In such a system terbium binding constant cannot be correctly determined by simple steady-state measurements of luminescence intensities. Instead, terbium luminescence decay curves measured at various peptide concentrations must be analysed. Such an analysis has been made for a fragment of the IIIrd calcium binding domain of rat testis calmodulin. Rate constant of terbium association and the equilibrium binding constant corresponding to the best fit of theoretical functions to experimental points have been determined.