gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phosphaniminato‐Komplexe des Titans. Synthese und Kristallstrukturen von CpTiCl<sub>2</sub>(NPMe<sub>3</sub>), [TiCl<sub>3</sub>(NPMe<sub>3</sub>)]<sub>2</sub>, [Ti<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>5</sub>(NPMe<sub>2</sub>Ph)<sub>3</sub>] und [Ti<sub>3</sub>Cl<sub>6</sub>(NPMe<sub>3</sub>)<sub>5</sub>][BPh<sub>4</sub>] (1994)

Abstract Die Titelverbindungen entstehen aus Cp 2 TiCl 2 bzw. Titantetrachlorid und den entsprechenden silylierten Phosphaniminen Me 3 SiNPMe 3 bzw. Me 3 SiNPMe 2 Ph. Das Tetraphenyloborat‐Derivat erhielten wir durch Umsetzung von [Ti 3 Cl 6 (NPMe 3 ) 5 ]Cl mit NaBPh 4 . Alle Verbindungen bilden gelbe, feuchtigkeitsempfindliche Kristalle, die durch IR‐Spektroskopie und durch Kristallstrukturanalysen charakterisiert wurden. CpTiCl 2 (NPMe 3 ) ( 1 ): Raumgruppe Pbca, Z = 8, Strukturlösung mit 1632 beobachteten unabhängigen Reflexen, R = 0,037. Gitterabmessungen bei 19°C: a = 1202,6; b = 1224,2; c = 1766,7 pm. Die Verbindung bildet monomere Moleküle mit dem (NPMe 3 ) − ‐Liganden in nahezu gestreckter Anordnung TiNP (Bindungswinkel 170,7°). [TiCl 3 (NPMe 3 )] 2 ( 2 ): Raumgruppe Pbca, Z = 8, Strukturlösung mit 698 beobachteten unabhängigen Reflexen, R = 0,030. Gitterabmessungen bei −60°C: a = 1140,5; b = 1112,2; c = 1589,4 pm. In 2 sind die trigonal‐bipyramidal koordinierten Titanatome über die N‐Atome der (NPMe 3 ) − ‐ Gruppen zu einem zentrosymmetrischen Dimer mit TiN‐Abständen von 184,3 und 208,2 pm verknüpft. [Ti 2 Cl 5 (NPMe 2 Ph) 3 ] · CH 2 Cl 2 ( 3 ): Raumgruppe Pca2 1 , Z = 4, Strukturlösung mit 8477 beobachteten unabhängigen Reflexen, R = 0,051. Gitterabmessungen bei 20°C: a = 1221,0; b = 1407,5; c = 2139,3 pm. 3 läßt sich als Dimerisierungsprodukt aus TiCl 2 (NPMe 2 Ph) 2 und TiCl 3 (NPMe 2 Ph) auffassen, wobei ein stark verzerrter ebener Ti 2 N 2 ‐Vierring mit TiN‐Abständen von 180,4, 194,4, 199,2, und 234,6 pm entsteht. Die längste TiN‐Bindung befindet sich in trans‐Stellung zu dem N‐Atom des terminal gebundenen (NPMe 2 Ph) − ‐Liganden, der eine TiN‐Bindungslänge von 175,6 pm aufweist. [Ti 3 Cl 6 (NPMe 3 ) 5 ][BPh 4 ] ( 4 ): Raumgruppe P2 1 /n, Z = 4, Strukturlösung mit 2846 beobachteten unabhängigen Reflexen, R = 0,062. Gitterabmessungen bei 20°C: a = 1495,2; b = 2335,4; c = 1555,8 pm, β = 93,28°. In dem Kation von 4 bilden die drei Titanatome zusammen mit drei (NPMe 3 ) − ‐Gruppen mit μ 2 ‐N‐Funktion und zwei (NPMe 3 ) − ‐Gruppen mit μ 3 ‐N‐Funktion eine trigonale Bipyramide. Zusammen mit den terminal gebundenen Chloratomen erreichen die Titanatome die Koordinationszahl sechs.
Quantitative Video-Oculography to Help Diagnose Stroke in Acute Vertigo and Dizziness (2013)

Device-based physiological diagnosis of vertebrobasilar stroke in acute vestibular syndrome should soon be possible. If confirmed in a larger sample, this bedside eye ECG approach could eventually help fulfill a critical need for timely, accurate, efficient diagnosis in emergency department patients with vertigo or dizziness who are at high risk for stroke.
OWL 2 Web Ontology Language (2009)

The OWL 2 Web Ontology Language, informally OWL 2, is an ontology language for the Semantic Web with formally defined meaning. OWL 2 ontologies provide classes, properties, individuals, and data values and are stored as Semantic Web documents. OWL 2 ontologies can be used along with information written in RDF, and OWL 2 ontologies themselves are primarily exchanged as RDF documents. The OWL 2 Document Overview describes the overall state of OWL 2, and should be read before other OWL 2 documents. The Manchester syntax is a user-friendly compact syntax for OWL 2 ontologies; it is frame-based, as opposed to the axiom-based other syntaxes for OWL 2. The Manchester Syntax is used in the OWL 2 Primer, and this document provides the language used there. It is expected that tools will extend the Manchester Syntax for their own purposes, and tool builders may collaboratively extend the common language.
Formal Foundations for Networking (Dagstuhl Seminar 15071) (2015)

This report documents the program and outcomes of Dagstuhl Seminar 15071 "Formal Foundations for Networking." Networking is in the midst of a revolution being driven by rapidly expanding infrastructures and emerging software-defined networking architectures. There is a growing need for tools and methodologies that provide rigorous guarantees about performance, reliability, and security. This seminar brought together leading researchers and practitioners from the fields of formal methods, networking, programming languages, and security, to investigate the task of developing formal foundations for networks.
Patterns of intracellular compartmentalization, trafficking and acidification of 5×-fluorescein labeled phosphodiester and phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides in HL60 cells (1994)

We have examined the intracellular compartmentalization and trafficking of fluorescein labeled (F) phosphodiester (PO) and phosphorothioate (PS) oligodeoxynucleotides (oligos) in HL60 cells. A series of F-oligos (PO and PS) were incubated for 6 hrs. with HL60 cells and the mean intracellular fluorescence determined by flow cytometry. The F signal was normalized by the addition of the ionophore monensin. An increase in signal intensity following addition of monensin indicated that the oligo was resident in an acidic intracellular environment. F-PS, but not F-PO oligos were found to reside in an acidic environment. An exception was a PO homopolymer of 15 cytidine bases (FOdC15) which was acidified. Using two different methods, the average resident intracellular pH of F-PS oligos and F-OdC15 was shown to be approximately 1 pH unit lower than that of F-PO oligos. Acidification of F-PS oligos could be blocked by the antibiotic bafilomycin, indicating that acidification was occurring in endosomes or vacuoles. F-PO and F-PS oligos were effluxed from HL60 cells from two intracellular compartments. However, approximately 60% of internalized F-PO oligo resided in a 'shallow' compartment that was turned over rapidly (t1/2 = 5-10 min.) whereas only 20% of F-PS oligo resided in this compartment. Conversely, approximately 80% of the internalized F-PS oligo but only 40% of F-PO oligo resided in a 'deep' compartment that turned over with t1/2 = 2-5 hrs. This report is the first quantitative demonstration that PO and PS oligos, and PO oligos of different sequences are trafficked differently by HL60 cells.
Citrate-process pilot-plant operation at the Bunker Hill Company (1979)

A goal of the Federal Bureau of Mines is to minimize the undesirable environmental conflicts and impacts associated with mineral processing operations. To help reach this goal the Bureau operated a citrate-process pilot plant for the removal of sulfur dioxide from lead smelter sintering machine waste gases to test the process. The process uses a carboxylate solution such as citric acid to absorb sulfur dioxide from waste gases. The absorbed sulfur dioxide is subsequently reacted with hydrogen sulfide to precipitate sulfur and regenerate the solution for recycle. Nominal capacity of the pilot plant was 1,000 scfm of 0.5 vol-% sulfur dioxide gas. The pilot plant was operated for over 5400 hr and produced about 55 net tons of sulfur. The operation demonstrated that: (1) 99 % of the sulfur dioxide could be removed from lead smelter sintering machining waste gases containing from 0.1 to 0.6 vol-% sulfur dioxide; (2) sulfur precipitation and solution regeneration with hydrogen sulfide in conventional stirred vessels was readily controlled; (3) precipitated sulfur could be continuously recovered as a 99.5-%-pure product by flotation and melting; and (4) 78 dry-vol-% hydrogen sulfide gas could be produced from pilot-plant product sulfur, natural gas, and steam.
Scheduling and allocation of time-triggered and event-triggered services for multi-core processors with networks-on-a-chip (2015)

Multi-core processors are gaining increasing importance in safety-relevant embedded real-time systems, where temporal guarantees must be ensured despite the sharing of on-chip resources such as processor cores and networks-on-a-chip. At the same time, many applications comprise workloads with different timing models including time-triggered and even-triggered communication. This paper introduces a scheduling model based on Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) supporting the allocation of computational jobs to processing cores as well as the scheduling of messages and the selection of paths on networks-on-a-chip. The model supports dependencies between computational jobs and it combines both time-triggered and event-triggered messages. Phase-alignment of time-triggered messages is performed, while avoiding collisions between time-triggered messages and satisfying bandwidth constraints for event-triggered messages. Example scenarios are solved optimally using the IBM CPLEX optimizer yielding minimal computational and communication latencies.
Immunology of term and preterm labor (2003)

During pregnancy there is an alteration in maternal immunity within the uterus where innate, proinflammatory immune responses are tightly regulated to prevent immunological rejection of the fetal allograft. Disruption of the delicate balance of cytokines by bacteria or other factors increases the production of proinflammatory cytokines at the maternal-fetal interface and activates the parturition mechanism prematurely. Despite years of searching, there is still no broadly effective strategy for preventing preterm labor and most therapies are directed at inhibiting myometrial contractions and improving neonatal outcome. Recent studies with progestins and interleukin-10 (IL-10), however, are showing promise in randomized clinical trials and animal studies. Furthermore, the identification of the Toll-like receptors as upstream mediators of inflammation may offer alternative therapeutic targets for preventing this common pregnancy complication.
Proof of principle: detection of genotoxicity by a fluorescence-based recombination test in mammalian cells. (2003)

Genotoxicity tests available today have several shortcomings. The widely applied Ames assay measures mutations in bacteria, thereby disregarding the physiological particularities of the human cell and organism.We provide first evidence for a new concept of genotoxicity detection in living human cell cultures. The data were obtained by use of a newly developed assay, which is based on the quantification of fluorescent signals, i.e. counting of the relative number of fluorescent cells in the sample. It is characterised by a short reaction time and fulfills the requirements for automated performance. The new system monitors chromosomal rearrangements and, therefore, is predicted to detect a broad spectrum of genotoxic substances. Indeed, we demonstrate the genotoxic effect of ionising radiation, of an Ames assay positive compound, and of two compounds which are poorly mutagenic in the Ames assay. The new assay will be optimised further and adapted to the requirements for routine analysis in order to help to further reduce animal experimentation in genotoxicity testing.
Sensitive and Selective Colorimetric Visualization of Cerebral Dopamine Based on Double Molecular Recognition (2011)

Seeing is believing: A direct, selective, and sensitive strategy for colorimetric visualization of cerebral dopamine has been developed for the first time using gold nanoparticles through the design of double molecular recognition (see picture). The simplicity of this method establishes a facile and reliable approach for monitoring cerebral species in brain chemistry, which may be related to physiological and pathological events.
Molecular characterization of an <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> cDNA encoding a novel putative adenylate translocator of higher plants (1995)

We have isolated an Arabidopsis thaliana cDNA encoding a highly hydrophobic membrane protein of 589 amino acids which contains 12 potential transmembrane helices and shows a high degree of similarity (43.5% identity, 66.2% similarity) to the ATP/ADP translocase of the Gram-negative bacterium Rickettsia prowazekii, an obligate intracellular parasite responsible for the epidemic typhus. This rickettsial translocator resides in the cytoplasmic membrane and allows the bacterium to exploit the host cytoplasmic ATP pool. We hypothesize that the A. thaliana homolog of the R. prowazekii ATP/ADP translocase is the functional eukaryotic equivalent and resides in the plastid inner envelope membrane where it functions as an ATP importer.
&lt;title&gt;Advanced systems for automotive applications digital camera systems: the big picture&lt;/title&gt; (1997)

The electronic content of the automobile is growing every year. American business analysts estimate that the electrical/electronic content of the average vehicle will be $2000Nehicle by the year 2000. This represents an electrical component industry of $68 Billion/year (using 1995 total world vehicle sales figure). As the demand for increased functionality grows, the complexity of vehicle design increases. At the same time, the need to reduce vehicle costs and the need to maintain high standards ofquality and reliability are forever present. Automobile manufactures have the need to minimise the time taken between the decision to build a particular model and the arrival ofthe first production vehicle (or Job #1). Jaguar's XK8 took 30 months from Project Approval to Job #1. The XK8 included many systems which had been deployed by Jaguar for the first time. Such as the all new V8 powerplant, drive by wire, serial communications and active ride control. Maintaining high levels of quality and reliability within short cycle times requires effective partnerships between Automobile Manufactures and System, or Sub-System, Suppliers. Future vehicle designs will be more dependent on these relationships than ever before with new requirements being generated by pending legislation and by new functionality which will be offered in the next few years.
Fast and Efficient Modeling and Conditioning of Naturally Fractured Reservoir Models Using Static and Dynamic Data (2007)

Abstract A large proportion of petroleum reservoirs is known to be naturally fractured with consequences on their flow behavior hence on reservoir performance. Though the modeling of such reservoirs has been the purpose of many research works, it remains a challenging task. Too simplistic reservoir models do not allow capturing essential features like large-scale fracturing trends, or non-linear multivariate relationships between the equivalent (generally anisotropic) permeability of the fracture system, and fracture densities and properties to be characterized on a directional fracture-set basis. Conversely, too complex reservoir models, intended to be more realistic, require computationally intensive and memory consuming algorithms. They also involve numerous parameters, a large part of which cannot be estimated from available data. In-between, there is a need for reasonably complex models and methods to generate them in a consistent way with various fracturing and dynamic data in order to produce conditional models. This paper presents such an approach, which has been developed as a workflow. The approach is based on an original conceptual model of fracture systems and a notion of scale-dependent effective properties. It is also a two-step modeling approach in which the fracture system is first characterized, then converted into equivalent flow properties for reservoir simulation purposes. Key aspects of the approach include the geostatistical modeling of fracture densities, scale-dependent calculation of equivalent within-layer horizontal permeability tensors based on spatially periodic discrete fracture networks, analytical calculations of vertical inter-layer permeabilities, and conditioning to well-test permeabilities by using steady-state flow-based evaluation of reservoir model responses. All these aspects rely on innovative and CPU-time efficient methods. They are introduced and illustrated by case-study results.
Regulation of Hepatic Stellate Cells and Fibrogenesis by Fibroblast Growth Factors (2016)

Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are a family of growth factors critically involved in developmental, physiological, and pathological processes, including embryogenesis, angiogenesis, wound healing, and endocrine functions. In the liver, several FGFs are produced basally by hepatocytes and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Upon insult to the liver, expression of FGFs in HSCs is greatly upregulated, stimulating hepatocyte regeneration and growth. Various FGF isoforms have also been shown to directly induce HSC proliferation and activation thereby enabling autocrine and paracrine regulation of HSC function. Regulation of HSCs by the endocrine FGFs, namely, FGF15/19 and FGF21, has also recently been identified. With the ability to modulate HSC proliferation and transdifferentiation, targeting FGF signaling pathways constitutes a promising new therapeutic strategy to treat hepatic fibrosis.
Presence technology: More than just instant messaging (2003)

Presence technology has long been an integral part of instant messaging. The technology lets users determine if their contacts are online, signed onto their IM applications, and ready to receive messages. This makes IM different from traditional forms of communication, in which users send out messages or calls without knowing whether the recipient is present to receive them. Now, presence technology is starting to appear in numerous programs other than IM. For example, Microsoft is adding presence to Word, Excel, and other applications. In addition, IBM is adding presence capabilities to Lotus Notes 6.5. Thus, for example, when the scheduled starting time for a user's meeting arrives, the system could show people that the user is unavailable.
Some Derivatives of Aza-aromatic Heterocycles as Liquid Scintillator Solutes (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSome Derivatives of Aza-aromatic Heterocycles as Liquid Scintillator SolutesHENRY GILMAN, EUGENE A. WEIPERT, THEODORE SODDY, and F. NEWTON HAYESCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1957, 22, 10, 1169–1171Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01361a008https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01361a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views126Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Low Frequency Finite Element Modeling of Passive Noise Attenuation in Ear Defenders (2005)

Noise levels in areas adjacent to high performance jets have increased monotonically in the past few years. When personnel are exposed to such high noise fields, the need for better hearing protection is inevitable. Adequate hearing protection may be achieved through the use of circumaural ear defenders, earplugs or both. This thesis focuses on identifying the dominant physical phenomena, responsible for the low frequency (0 – 300 Hz) acoustic response inside the earmuffs. A large volume earcup is used with the undercut seal for the study. The significance of this research is the use of finite element methods in the area of hearing protection design. The objectives of this research are to identify the dominant physical phenomena responsible for the loss of hearing protection in the lower frequency range, and develop FE models to analyze the effects of structural and acoustic modes on the acoustic pressure response inside the earcup. It is found that there are two phenomena, which are primarily responsible for the lower frequency acoustic response inside the earmuffs. These modes are recognized in this thesis as the piston mode and the Helmholtz mode. The piston mode occurs due to the dynamics of the earcup and seal at 150 Hz, which results in loss of hearing protection. The Helmholtz mode occurs due to the presence of leaks. The resonant frequency of the Helmholtz mode and the pressure response depends on the leak size.
High-Performance Cooperative Demodulation With Decode-and-Forward Relays (2007)

Cooperative communication systems using various relay strategies can achieve spatial diversity gains, enhance coverage, and potentially increase capacity. For the practically attractive decode-and-forward (DF) relay strategy, we derive a high-performance low-complexity coherent demodulator at the destination in the form of a weighted combiner. The weights are selected adaptively to account for the quality of both source-relay-destination and source-destination links. Analysis proves that the novel coherent demodulator can achieve the maximum possible diversity, regardless of the underlying constellation. Its error performance tightly bounds that of maximum-likelihood (ML) demodulation, which provably quantifies the diversity gain of ML detection with DF relaying. Simulations corroborate the analysis and compare the performance of the novel decoder with existing diversity-achieving strategies including analog amplify-and-forward and selective-relaying.
Future trends of heavy-duty diesel engine lubrication (1996)

Heavy-duty diesel engines have earned a loft status within the framework of commercial industry. Diesel engines have developed a solid reputation for excellent durability, low operating cost, and good fuel economy. It is becoming evident that as technology develops to meet future demands for mobile equipment, the compressions-ignition engine will continue to provide significant advantages over other power source options. The image of a diesel as a dirty, noisy, foul-smelling power plant will change as new ways of reducing exhaust emissions, suppressing sounds, and generating clean power from an expanding portfolio of fuels are identified. To be sure, the advancements to come will have a major impact on various diesel engine lubrication issues. The future implementation of a number of these technologies will depend upon the ability of researchers to find satisfactory solutions for these issues.
Towards automatic analysis of DNA microarrays (2003)

In this paper we present a computational framework that provides the automatic analysis of spotted DNA microarray image data. The challenges are in providing an accurate representation of microarray hybridization observations while minimizing user interaction. To obtain this, we need to segment the observation data and subsequent correction for true hybridization level measurements must be accomplished against the backdrop of signal noise, background signal variation, and spatial non-uniformity in the array layout. With the requirements of automation and accuracy, an approach based on data-driven denoising, array addressing, background estimation, and spot segmentation was developed We proceeded to validate our approach on synthetic data as well as the publicly available raw and analyzed microarray data from the published Stanford yeast cell cycle analysis project. Spot mean and total intensities were examined as well as spot background estimates. By minimizing the user role, a main bottleneck in microarray data analysis is removed, allowing for more immediate analysis of large observation data sets. Our implementation has proven to be relatively fast, and the results of our approach have been encouraging.