gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Early detection of lung adenocarcinoma in sputum by a panel of microRNA markers (2010)

Adenocarcinoma is the most common type of lung cancer, the leading cause of cancer deaths in the world. Early detection is the key to improve the survival of lung adenocarcinoma patients. We have previously shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) were stably present in sputum and could be applied to diagnosis of lung cancer. The aim of our study was to develop a panel of miRNAs that can be used as highly sensitive and specific sputum markers for early detection of lung adenocarcinoma. Our study contained 3 phases: (i) marker discovery using miRNA profiling on paired normal and tumor lung tissues from 20 patients with lung adenocarcinoma; (ii) marker optimization by real-time reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction on sputum of a case-control cohort consisting of 36 cancer patients and 36 health individuals and (iii) validation on an independent set of 64 lung cancer patients and 58 cancer-free subjects. From the surgical tissues, 7 miRNAs with significantly altered expression were identified, of which "4" were overexpressed and "3" were underexpressed in all 20 tumors. On the sputum samples of the case-control cohort, 4 (miR-21, miR-486, miR-375 and miR-200b) of the 7 miRNAs were selected, which in combination produced the best prediction in distinguishing lung adenocarcinoma patients from normal subjects with 80.6% sensitivity and 91.7% specificity. Validation of the marker panel in the independent populations confirmed the sensitivity and specificity that provided a significant improvement over any single one alone. The sputum markers demonstrated the potential of translation to laboratory settings for improving the early detection of lung adenocarcinoma.
Design and Implementation of Intranet in Passenger Transport Corp of Railway Administration (2002)

It was expatiated on the methods of designing and building computer information network in Huhhot Railway Administration Passenger Transport Corp. , introduced the security problems in Intranet and the application to the Intranet.
The Frame of Cognitive Pattern Recognition (2006)

Cognitive pattern recognition has two basic research problems, one is to understand principle of human pattern recognition, and the other is to develop computer recognition system which has certain learning ability and adaptive ability based on principle of human pattern recognition. Some achievement of pattern recognition in cognitive science was present , the frame of tradition machine pattern recognition was described. How to apply achievement of cognitive science to traditional machine pattern recognition by combining with characteristic of machine pattern recognition was discussed. Recognition of printed digit character was performed according to frame of cognitive pattern recognition, and the frame is supported by the result of experiment.
Inhibition of Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Kinase Induces Apoptosis of Human Chondrocytes (2001)

We previously have reported that the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway is stimulated by adhesion of human chondrocytes to anti-beta(1)-integrin antibodies or collagen type II in vitro. These mechanisms most likely prevent chondrocyte dedifferentiation to fibroblast-like cells and chondrocyte death. To investigate whether this pathway plays an essential role for the differentiation, phenotype, and survival of chondrocytes, we blocked mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk) (MEK), a kinase upstream of the kinase Erk by using U0126. Exposure of chondrocytes to U0126 caused activation of caspase-3 in a dose-dependent manner. Western blot analysis with an antibody specific for dually phosphorylated Erk shows that collagen type II induced phosphorylation of Erk1/2 was specifically blocked by U0126 in a dose-dependent manner. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that treated chondrocytes were caspase-3 positive. In treated chondrocytes, the cleavage of 116-kDa poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase resulted in the 85-kDa apoptosis-related cleavage fragment and was associated with caspase-3 activity. Analysis by electron microscopy showed typical morphological signs of apoptosis, such as crescent-shaped clumps of heterochromatin, and a degraded pericellular matrix. Thus, these results indicate that the MEK/Erk signal transduction pathway is involved in the maintenance of chondrocytes differentiation and survival. These data stimulate further investigations on the role of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways in human chondrocytes.
Autoinducer 2–Like Activity in Poultry-Associated Enteric Bacteria in Response to Subtherapeutic Antibiotic Exposure (2005)

The autoinducer-2 molecule, AI-2, is considered to be a universal signal for regulating a wide variety of physiological processes in bacteria by modulating gene expression. Studies were conducted to observe how Escherichia coli cells would respond to subtherapeutic tetracycline concentrations under continuous culture (chemostat) conditions, to observe AI-2 activity within the probiotic chicken microbial consortium (Preempt CF3; MS Bioscience, Dundee, IL) under in vitro conditions simulating a chicken cecum, and to observe the AI-2 activity in vivo within a chicken cecum as a function of exposure to subtherapeutic levels of chlortetracydine, tylosin, and vancomycin. The AI-2 activity in the E. coli continuous culture showed a 20-fold increase over baseline conditions for up to 24 hours. When the E. coli culture was subsequently exposed to pulses of chlortetracydine additions at subtherapeutic concentrations (2 microg/ml), AI-2 activity increased with increasing levels of tetracycline additions. The probiotic Preempt CF3 culture, however, did not exhibit any AI-2 activity in Viande Levure (VL) medium in the presence or absence of subtherapeutic levels of tetracycline. In vivo studies in the cecum of poultry chicks demonstrate that though AI-2 activity increased initially in the presence of vancomycin, there was no significant increase in AI-2 activity in the presence of tetracydine or tylosin. These results indicate that detectable levels of AI-2 activity are not evident within the probiotic culture (CF3) or within the chicken cecum. Understanding the relationships between AI-2 activity and microbial consortia characteristics could provide dues regarding the vulnerability of poultry chicks to enteric bacterial pathogen colonization.
Tiny resonators generate a large optical spectrum (2010)

Theoretical analysis now explains how whispering-gallery-mode resonators can be used to effectively generate broad optical frequency combs.
High speed plasmonic modulator array enabling dense optical interconnect solutions (2015)

Plasmonic modulators might pave the way for a new generation of compact low-power high-speed optoelectronic devices. We introduce an extremely compact transmitter based on plasmonic Mach-Zehnder modulators offering a capacity of 4 × 36 Gbit/s on a footprint that is only limited by the size of the high-speed contact pads. The transmitter array is contacted through a multicore fiber with a channel spacing of 50 μm.
Omega Network: An adaptive approach to social learning (2010)

We present a solution for social adaptive e-learning. In particular we want to individuate candidates acting as peer help in an e-learning academic course. Starting from a previous work in which adaptive learning functionalities were added to a traditional Learning Management System (LMS) [1], we found an interesting application of filtering techniques working together with fuzzy ontologies to individuate peer help, a fundamental step in constructing a true social environment in e-learning communities [2]. This way it is possible to use all the activities and functionalities offered by LMS improving their effectiveness with technologies based on socio-constructivism learning theory, such as: adaptive presentation, collaborative filtering, supporting peer help and peer tutoring.
An adaptive deep learning approach for PPG-based identification (2016)

Wearable biosensors have become increasingly popular in healthcare due to their capabilities for low cost and long term biosignal monitoring. This paper presents a novel two-stage technique to offer biometric identification using these biosensors through Deep Belief Networks and Restricted Boltzman Machines. Our identification approach improves robustness in current monitoring procedures within clinical, e-health and fitness environments using Photoplethysmography (PPG) signals through deep learning classification models. The approach is tested on TROIKA dataset using 10-fold cross validation and achieved an accuracy of 96.1%.
Imidazo(1,2-a)pyridines. II. Ozonolysis of Imidazo(1,2-a)pyridines and Synthesis of Cardiotonic Agents. (1992)

The metabolite of loprinone (E-1020) in dogs, 5-(2-aminopyridin-5-yl)-1, 2-dihydro-6-methyl-2-oxo-3-pyridine-carbonitrile (9), was prepared via ozonolysis of imidazo[1, 2-α]pyridinylpyridines and evaluated for positive inotropic activity. Its potency was less than that of loprinone and milrinone. Among compounds related to loprinone which were synthesized using the versatile intermediates (10a, b) obtained during the preparation of 9, only 5-(2-aminoimidazo[1, 2-α]pyridin-6-yl)-1, 2-dihydro-6-methyl-2-oxo-3-pyridinecarbonitrile (27) retained the activity of loprinone. The electron-withdrawing substituents at hte 2-position of imidazo[1, 2-α]pyridine reduced the activity of the parent compound.The ozonolysis of imidazo[1, 2-α]pyridine derivatives under neutral confitions afforded 2-acylaminopyridine derivatives in a 30-55% yield independent of the substituents at the 2-position of imidazo[1, 2-α]pyridine. It is possible to use imidazo[1, 2-α]pyridine as protected 2-aminopyridines, and 2, 3-unsubstituted imidazo[1, 2-α]pyridines are convenient for that purpose from the viewpoint of ease of preparation of the starting material.
Bandwidth renegotiation for VBR video over ATM networks (1996)

A scheme for delivery or variable bit-rate (VBR) video over asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) networks where bandwidth can be renegotiated during the duration of a call between the video source and the network is considered. Renegotiation can be initiated by either the video source or the network. The video bandwidth requirement is characterized by a usage parameter control (UPC) consisting, in general, of peak rate, burst length, and sustained rate. A baseline design is outlined where rate-control adjusts the source's rate while a new UPC is requested from the network. When granted, the new UPC allows the source to maintain its target quantization and delay requirements. Rate control epochs may be extended when the network blocks UPC requests or sets a lower UPC value to temporally deal with congestion. Simulation results are presented for VBR MPEG video. The results show that with a moderate renegotiation rate the scheme tracks the bandwidth requirements of the source. As a result, the video quality and bandwidth efficiency can be maintained.
Time travel proxy (2012)

Time Travel Proxy (TTP) enables participating in meetings that you cannot attend in real time, either because of time conflicts or global time zone differences. TTP uses lightweight video recordings to pre-record your contributions to a meeting, which are played on a tablet that serves as a proxy for you during the meeting. Reactions and responses in the meeting are also captured in video to give you feedback of what happened at the meeting. A working prototype of TTP was deployed and studied within four developer teams in their daily stand-up meetings. The study found that the affordances of video helped integrate the time traveler into the social context of the meeting, although the current prototype was better at enabling the time traveler to contribute to the meeting than it was in conveying the meeting experience back to the time traveler.
Deployment of UAV-mounted access points according to spatial user locations in two-tier cellular networks (2016)

We envision small cells mounted on unmanned aerial vehicles, to complement existing macrocell infrastructure. We demonstrate through numerical analysis that clustering algorithms can be used to position the airborne access points and select users to offload from the macrocells. We compare the performance of these deployments against equivalent simulated picocell deployments. We demonstrate that due to their ability to position themselves around exact user locations while maintaining a direct line-of-sight link the airborne access points provide a significantly improved received signal strength than the static picocell alternatives. We also find that the airborne access points provide superior service quality even in the presence of user and access point positioning errors.
Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor2(TRAF2) in TNF signaling (2003)

The tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factors(TRAFs) have emerged as the major signal transducers for the TNF receptor superfamily and the interleukin-1 receptor/Toll-like recepor (IL-1R/TLR) superfamily.In TNF signaling pathway,TRAF2 as adapter proteins and regulation factors are important to nearly all pathways,having a key role in mediating TNF-R1-induced activation of NF-κB and JNK.Recent studies suggest that TRAF2 represents an integration point for proand antiapoptatic signals.This review focuses on the molecular structure of TRAF2,the relationship between its structure and function,the molecular mechanisms and the role of TRAF2 in TNF signaling, and highlights the importance of this molecule for the integration of such antagonizing pathways as death induction and NF-κB-mediated surviving signals.
Direct digital radiography in the dental office. (1995)

With rapidly developing technology, conventional dental radiography is being overtaken by a revolution in digital radiography. In recent years the emphasis has been on indirect digital radiography involving the conversion of conventional film radiographs into digital images. This stage has been useful in helping the research and development of direct digital radiography which is now coming to the fore. Using this technique, direct images are acquired in the dental practice. These images can be manipulated, enhanced, stored and exchanged for referral and other purposes, making them of great potential use. In addition to the direct clinical and diagnostic benefits, the techniques also have distinct environmental advantages including less use of resources and reduced radiation dosages.
An explicit-implicit solution scheme to analyze fast transients by finite elements (1997)

An efficient and economic explicit-implicit finite element algorithm is presented to solve transient problems. The method consists in discretizing the region into structured and unstructured elements which lead respectively to explicit and implicit solution schemes. The proposed procedure is applied to analyze simple scattering problems in the time domain.
Potential of Low Temperature Organic Rankine Cycle with Zeotropic Mixtures as Working Fluid (2017)

Organic Rankine cycle (ORC) is one of the most technically feasible methods to convert low-grade thermal energy to electricity. Using zeotropic mixtures as working fluid can provide better temperature matches with the heat source and heat sink, so it is regarded as an efficient approach to improve ORC thermodynamic performance. This paper comparatively investigates the performance of low temperature ORC with pure fluids and zeotropic mixtures. We develop a numerical model considering the size of the heat exchangers to predict both the first law thermal efficiency and cost-effective performance. The results indicate that using mixtures does not gain beneficial effect when the prediction program is improved by taking heat transfer model into account.
Long-wavelength vertical-cavity semiconductor optical amplifiers (2002)

Vertical-cavity semiconductor optical amplifiers (VCSOAs) are interesting devices because of their small form factor, potential low manufacturing cost, high coupling efficiency to optical fiber, and polarization independent gain. In this paper, an overview of the properties and possible applications of long-wavelength VCSOAs is given. We present general design rules and analyze how the mirror reflectivity affects the properties of the VCSOA. Experimental results of reflection-mode VCSOAs operating at 1.3-&mu;m wavelength are presented. The devices were fabricated using InP-GaAs wafer bonding and were optically pumped by a 980-nm laser diode. These VCSOAs have demonstrated the highest fiber-to-fiber gain (17 dB), as well as the highest saturation output power (-3.5 dBm) of any long-wavelength VCSOA to date. We have also used these VCSOAs for optical preamplification at 10 Gb/s. Using an 11-dB gain VCSOA, the sensitivity of a regular <i>PIN</i> detector was increased by 7 dB resulting in a receiver sensitivity of -26.2 dBm.
Analysis of wireless multimedia DS/CDMA system with hybrid ARQ, diversity and power control (2002)

This paper presents a performance analysis of a multimedia DS/CDMA system based on different error control schemes and an optimal power control algorithm for wireless personal communication services. The error control schemes consist of forward error correction (FEC), diversity and automatic repeat request (ARQ). Since a multimedia system is required to support services with different rates and quality of services (QoS), different error control schemes are used to satisfy the requirements of different media. In particular, a power control algorithm which can optimize the capacity performance of the integrated system is presented. Numerical results over multipath Rayleigh fading channels show that power optimization can increase the capacity and decrease the total transmission power in a multimedia CDMA system. By incorporating diversity and hybrid ARQ along with appropriate coding rates in the optimal power controlled system, a dramatic increase in system capacity can also be achieved.
What is the optimal threshold for cerebral perfusion pressure following traumatic brain injury? (2003)

Intensive care of the patient with traumatic brain injury centers on control of intracranial pressure and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP). The optimal CPP by definition delivers an adequate supply of blood and oxygen to meet the metabolic demands of brain tissue. A great deal of controversy exists regarding the optimal CPP value, with disparate studies providing conflicting evidence for the use of supraphysiological CPP values. No study that accurately assesses the efficacy of normal CPP compared with elevated CPP has been performed, but several studies demonstrate that a CPP threshold exists on an individual basis for patients with TBI. The use of brain monitors of cerebral metabolism and oxygen supply may assist the clinician in the selection of the optimal CPP for an individual patient.
Advances in photobioreactors for intensive microalgal production: configurations, operating strategies and applications (2013)

Abstract Over the past ten years a great deal of literature has focused on the biotechnological potential of microalgal commercial applications, mainly in the field of biofuel production. However, the biofuel production is not yet competitive, mainly due to the incidence of the photobioreactor technology on the process cost. Besides, major advances in classic photobioreactor design, several novel configurations have been proposed in the last 20 years to improve their performance expressed in terms of light absorption, biomass productivity, light to biomass yield and photosynthetic efficiency. This review aims at analyzing and classifying the most recent advances and the several novel approaches to the design, development, control and modeling of photobioreactors. The diverse approaches are grouped considering irradiance strategies, multiphase hydrodynamics, mass transfer mechanisms, modeling approaches and control strategies. Some innovative applications of the photobioreactor technology are also reported. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Credit Card Fraud Detection: A Hybrid Approach Using Fuzzy Clustering &amp;amp;amp; Neural Network (2015)

Due to the rapid progress of the e-commerce and online banking, use of credit cards has increased considerably leading to a large number of fraud incidents. In this paper, we have proposed a novel approach towards credit card fraud detection in which the fraud detection is done in three phases. The first phase does the initial user authentication and verification of card details. If the check is successfully cleared, then the transaction is passed to the next phase where fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm is applied to find out the normal usage patterns of credit card users based on their past activity. A suspicion score is calculated according to the extent of deviation from the normal patterns and thereby the transaction is classified as legitimate or suspicious or fraudulent. Once a transaction is found to be suspicious, neural network based learning mechanism is applied to determine whether it was actually a fraudulent activity or an occasional deviation by a genuine user. Extensive experimentation with stochastic models shows that the combined use of clustering technique along with learning helps in detecting fraudulent activities effectively while minimizing the generation of false alarms.
Polyoxometalate Catalysis of the Aerobic Oxidation of Hydrogen Sulfide to Sulfur (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolyoxometalate Catalysis of the Aerobic Oxidation of Hydrogen Sulfide to SulfurMason K. Harrup and Craig L. HillCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1994, 33, 24, 5448–5455Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00102a017https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00102a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views779Altmetric-Citations81LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Suppressed carrier modulation with tunnel diodes (1962)

This paper discusses suppressed carrier modulation circuits employing the tunnel diode as the nonlinear active element. A side-band-to-carrier ratio of 40 db (decibels) is achieved with a single tunnel diode. It is shown that a balanced modulator using two tunnel diodes acts as a ring modulator. Linear equivalent circuits for the tunnel diode modulators are developed and the performance criteria presented.