gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Second-Order Intermodulation in Current-Commutating Passive FET Mixers (2009)

Amplitude-modulation detection in the mixer plagues the performance of the zero-intermediate-frequency receiver by downconverting the envelope of amplitude modulated blockers to baseband where the desired channel is after downconversion. Simple equations based on physical mechanisms of second-order intermodulation generation have been derived which can predict the IIP2 of the current-driven passive mixer accurately. Derived equations have been verified by SPECTRE and SPECTRE-RF simulations, and mixer optimization has been explained.
MMSE-based lattice-reduction for near-ML detection of MIMO systems (2005)

Recently the use of lattice-reduction for signal detection in multiple antenna systems has been proposed. In this paper, we adopt these lattice-reduction aided schemes to the MMSE criterion. We show that an obvious way to do this is suboptimum and propose an alternative method based on an extended system model. In conjunction with simple successive interference cancellation this scheme almost reaches the performance of maximum-likelihood detection. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the application of sorted QR decomposition (SQRD) as a initialization step can significantly reduce the computational effort associated with lattice-reduction. Thus, the new algorithm clearly outperforms existing methods with comparable complexity.
Watching Together: Integrating Conversation with Video (2018)

Watching video online is becoming increasingly popular, and new video streaming technologies have the potential to transform video-watching from a passive, isolating experience into an active, socially engaging experience. However, the viability of an active social experience is unclear: both chatting and watching video require attention, and may interfere with one another and detract from the experience. In this paper, we empirically examine the activity of chatting while watching video online. We examine how groups of friends and strangers interact, and find that chat has a positive influence on social relationships, and people chat despite being distracted. We discuss the benefits and opportunities provided by mixing chat and video, uncover some of the attentional and social challenges inherent in this combination of media, and provide guidance for structuring the video-watching experience.
Synthesis and Hole-Transporting Properties of Various Bicarbazyl Derivatives (2008)

This paper reports a new HTL material that has high glass-transition temperatures (Tg) and excellent thermal properties. The synthesized material was N,N-diethyl-3,3'-bicarbazyl (DEBC), N,N-diphenyl-3,3'-bicarbazyl (DPBC) and N,N-dinaphthyl-3,3'-bicarbazyl (DNBC). The device that used DPBC as HTL showed the highest efficiency of 4.95 cd/A and 2.22 lm/W at 10 mA/cm2. This is an improvement by more than 10% from the luminance efficiency of NPB, a commercialized material.
Wide bandgap compound semiconductors for superior high-voltage power devices (2002)

A critical evaluation of the performance capabilities of various wide-bandgap compound semiconductors for superior high-power and high-frequency unipolar electronic devices is presented. A wide range of semiconductors, including the III-V and II-VI compounds, various semiconducting oxides, and some pseudobinary intermetallic compounds, have been analyzed. In order to cover all possible features of power device performance, seven different figures of merit are evaluated for the various semiconductors. Besides diamond and SiC, it is found that AlN, GaN, ZnO, and the intermetallic compounds Ga/sub x/In/sub 1-x/N, Al/sub x/In/sub 1-x/N, Al/sub x/Ga/sub 1-x/N, and (AlN)/sub x/(SiC)/sub 1-x/ offer significantly improved unipolar power device performance over Si.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
The Race to 5G Era; LTE and Wi-Fi (2018)

We are on the brink of a new era for the wireless telecommunications, an era that will change the way that business is done. The fifth generation (5G) systems will be the first realization in this new digital era where the various networks will be interconnected forming a unified system. With support for higher capacity as well as low-delay and machine-type communication services, the 5G networks will significantly improve performance over the current fourth generation (4G) systems and will also offer seamless connectivity to numerous devices by integrating different technologies, intelligence, and flexibility. In addition to ongoing 5G standardization activities and technologies under consideration in the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE)-based technologies operating on unlicensed bands, will also be an integral part of a 5G eco-system. Along with the 3GPP-based cellular technology, the IEEE standards and technologies are also evolving to keep pace with the user demands and new 5G services. In this paper, we provide an overview of the evolution of the cellular and Wi-Fi standards over the last decade with a particular focus on the Medium Access Control and Physical layers, and highlight the ongoing activities in both camps driven by the 5G requirements and use-cases.
House energy demand optimization in single and multi-user scenarios (2011)

With the Smart Grid revolution and the increasing interest in renewable distributed sources, house energy consumption will play a significant role in the energy system: the whole energy generation and distribution system performance can be improved by optimizing the house energy management. Beside the energy bill reduction for single users, another advantage can be obtained for the overall system by jointly managing the energy consumption of a set of users, thus reducing their peak absorption. In this paper we propose optimization models which allow to manage every day energy load for both single and multi-users cases, taking into account distributed energy sources and batteries. Computational results, obtained applying models on real life data, are provided and discussed.
Motile Cilia of Human Airway Epithelia Are Chemosensory (2009)

Cilia are microscopic projections that extend from eukaryotic cells. There are two general types of cilia; primary cilia serve as sensory organelles, whereas motile cilia exert mechanical force. The motile cilia emerging from human airway epithelial cells propel harmful inhaled material out of the lung. We found that these cells express sensory bitter taste receptors, which localized on motile cilia. Bitter compounds increased the intracellular calcium ion concentration and stimulated ciliary beat frequency. Thus, airway epithelia contain a cell-autonomous system in which motile cilia both sense noxious substances entering airways and initiate a defensive mechanical mechanism to eliminate the offending compound. Hence, like primary cilia, classical motile cilia also contain sensors to detect the external environment.
Applications of plasma source mass spectrometry (1991)

Glow discharge mass spectrometry - aspects of a versatile analytical tool, D. Stuewer direct analysis of semiconductor grade reagents by ICP-MS, A. Walsh et al analysis of thermal waters by ICP-MS, E. Veldeman et al semi-quantitative estimation of some elements in standards and drinking water by ICP-MS, E. Johansson and T. Liljefors ICP-MS analysis for weakly bound gold in humus samples - an aid to gold exploration in areas of glacially transported overburden, B.J. Perry and J.C. Van Loon some observations on mass bias effects in ICP-MS systems, P.J. Turner diagnostic investigations on ion formation in ICP-MS, N. Jakubowski et al the use of ICP-MS to determine the retention and distribution of platinum in animals following the administration of cisplatin, P. Tothill et al whole blood analysis by ICP-MS, T.M. Lutz et al multivariate analysis of ICP-mass spectra - determination of nickel and iron in body fluids, D.M. Templeton and M.A. Vaughan microwave dissolution and ICP-MS for the determination of trace and ultra-trace elements in plant tissue, S. Yamasaki et al determination of ultra-trace levels of rare earth elements in terrestrial water by high resolution ICP-MS with an ultrasonic nebulizer, A. Tsumura and S. Yamasaki the application of isotope dilution techniques to the accurate and precise determination of lead in reference materials by ICP-MS, M.J. Campbell et al effect of digestion methods on ICP-MS measurements of Be, V, Ga, Sb, La, and Bi in organic fertilizers, A. Kawasaki et al determination of boron in a titanium reference material by ICP-MS, F. Vanhaecke et al applications of ICP-MS with sample introduction by electrothermal vaporization and flow injection techniques, U. Voellkopf et al a continuous hydride generation system for ICP-MS using separately nebulised internal standard solutions, P.G. Ek et al analysis of powdered materials by laser sampling ICP-MS, E.R. Denoyer performance benefits of optimization of laser ablation sampling for ICP-MS, I.D. Abdell.
Generative Image Modeling using Style and Structure Adversarial Networks (2016)

Current generative frameworks use end-to-end learning and generate images by sampling from uniform noise distribution. However, these approaches ignore the most basic principle of image formation: images are product of: (a) Structure: the underlying 3D model; (b) Style: the texture mapped onto structure. In this paper, we factorize the image generation process and propose Style and Structure Generative Adversarial Network (S^2-GAN). Our S^2-GAN has two components: the Structure-GAN generates a surface normal map; the Style-GAN takes the surface normal map as input and generates the 2D image. Apart from a real vs. generated loss function, we use an additional loss with computed surface normals from generated images. The two GANs are first trained independently, and then merged together via joint learning. We show our S^2-GAN model is interpretable, generates more realistic images and can be used to learn unsupervised RGBD representations.
Run length coding based new approach to automatic image thresholding (2002)

Image thresholding (or binarization) is a basic type of image segmentation capability. To represent binary image objects, run length coding (RL) is frequently utilized. The RL-based adaptive approach is used as a binarization method to obtain the satisfied image intensity discontinuity. Having obtaining the adjustable RL, a multilayer network based on fuzzy inference mechanism is utilized to determine the optimal threshold by use of the global feature measures of the original image. The implementation results show that very visually satisfied results are obtained by the authors' approach. Comparison with other thresholding methods shows that the generalized RL method is able to determine visually satisfied threshold, to reserve the desired detail texture of original image, and is insensitive to various noises in original images.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
A novel design concept for variable delivery flow external gear pumps and motors (2014)

This paper presents an original concept for variable delivery external spur gear machines, which combines the well-known advantages of these units (such as low cost, good reliability, acceptable efficiency) – traditionally fixed displacement – in a solution capable of varying the amount of flow displaced at each shaft revolution. The proposed design concept realizes a variable timing for the connections of each tooth space volume with the inlet and outlet ports, through a movable element (“slider”) placed at the gears lateral side. The position of the slider determines the amount of flow displaced by the unit per revolution. In order to extend the range of flow variation achievable by the unit, an asymmetric involute tooth profile for the gears was proposed. A multi-objective genetic algorithm was used to optimize the design of the gears along with the design of the timing grooves in the slider. This algorithm is based on the HYGESIM (HYdraulic GEar machines Simulator) tool developed by the authors’ resea...
Mutations in the human<i>LKB1/STK11</i>gene (2005)

The human LKB gene (official HUGO symbol, STK11) encodes a serine/threonine protein kinase that is defective in patients with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS). PJS is an autosomal dominantly inherited syndrome characterized by hamartomatous polyposis of the gastrointestinal tract and mucocutaneous pigmentation. To date, 145 different germline LKB1 mutations have been reported. The majority of the mutations lead to a truncated protein product. One mutational hotspot has been observed. A 1-bp deletion and a 1-bp insertion at the mononucleotide repeat (C6 repeat, c.837-c.842) between the codons 279-281 have been found in six and seven unrelated PJS families, respectively. However, these mutations account only for approximately 7% of all mutations identified in the PJS families (13/193). A review of the literature provides a total of 40 different somatic LKB1 mutations in 41 sporadic tumors and seven cancer cell lines. Mutations occur particularly in lung and colorectal cancer. Most of the somatic LKB1 mutations result in truncation of the protein. A mutational hotspot seems to be a C6 repeat accounting for 12.5% of all somatic mutations (6/48). These results are concordant with the germline mutation spectrum. However, the proportion of the missense mutations seems to be higher among the somatic mutations (45%) than among the germline mutations (21%), and only seven of the mutations are exactly the same in both of the mutation types.
A hardware-software real-time operating system framework for SoCs (2002)

The /spl delta/ framework for RTOS-SoC codesign helps designers simultaneously build a SoC or platform-ASIC architecture and a customized hardware-software RTOS. Examples generated by this prototype tool include RTOS designs that speed up applications by 27% or more, using a small amount of hardware area.
An adaptive ferroelectric transformer&amp;#8212;A solid-state analog memory device (1970)

A new solid-state adaptive (analog memory) device is described and demonstrated. The device is a flat-band electronic transformer with adaptable voltage gain; that is, the voltage gain-frequency transfer characteristic can be "set" to different values of attenuation by the application of an adapt signal and will retain that setting after the adapt signal has been removed. Ferroelectric materials are used as the dielectric in the transformer structure composed of two capacitors bonded together so that mechanical vibrations established in one (the input capacitor) are coupled to the other (the output capacitor). Converse and direct piezoelectric effects generate the mechanical vibrations and the output voltages, respectively. Ferroelectric effects in either capacitor provide the analog memory capabilities. Experimental adaptive transformers demonstrated are suitable for audio frequency operation. The voltage and current gain-frequency transfer characteristics are flat over the entire audio frequency range. Maximum gain is typically about -20 dB. Application of a voltage pulse (100 to 300 volts) of low energy (mJ) to either side of the transformer can adapt the gains to specific lower settings (between-20 and -60 dB) within an arbitrary switching time (roughly 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+3</sup> to 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-4</sup> seconds) as determined by the pulse amplitude. Gain settings are electrically stable to within a few percent of the maximum gain for periods of at least one year, and possibly indefinitely, and can be reproduced by the same or an equivalent sequence of adapting pulses.
How .NET's custom attributes affect design (2002)

In its first release of the .NET Framework, Microsoft has provided a defined method for adding declarative information (metadata) to runtime entities in the platform. These entities include classes, methods, properties, and instance or class variables. Using .NET, you can also add declarative information to the assembly, which is a unit of deployment that is conceptually similar to a .dll or .exe file. An assembly includes attributes that describe its identity (name, version, and culture), informational attributes that provide additional product or company information, manifest attributes that describe configuration information, and strong name attributes that describe whether the assembly is signed using public key encryption. The program can retrieve this metadata at runtime to control how the program interacts with services such as serialization and security. We compare design decisions made using custom attributes in .NET with the Java platform.
Selective glucocorticoid receptor modulation: New directions with non-steroidal scaffolds (2015)

Glucocorticoids remain the frontline treatment for inflammatory disorders, yet represent a double-edged sword with beneficial therapeutic actions alongside adverse effects, mainly in metabolic regulation. Considerable efforts were made to improve this balance by attempting to amplify therapeutic beneficial anti-inflammatory actions and to minimize adverse metabolic actions. Most attention has focused on the development of novel compounds favoring the transrepressing actions of the glucocorticoid receptor, assumed to be important for anti-inflammatory actions, over the transactivating actions, assumed to underpin the undesirable actions. These compounds are classified as selective glucocorticoid receptor agonists (SEGRAs) or selective glucocorticoid receptor modulators (SEGRMs). The latter class is able to modulate the activity of a GR agonist and/or may not classically bind the glucocorticoid receptor ligand-binding pocket. SEGRAs and SEGRMs are collectively denominated SEGRAMs (selective glucocorticoid receptor agonists and modulators). Although this transrepression vs transactivation concept proved to be too simplistic, the developed SEGRAMs were helpful in elucidating various molecular actions of the glucocorticoid receptor, but have also raised many novel questions. We discuss lessons learned from recent mechanistic studies of selective glucocorticoid receptor modulators. This is approached by analyzing recent experimental insights in comparison with knowledge obtained using mutant GR research, thus clarifying the current view on the SEGRAM field. These insights also contribute to our understanding of the processes controlling glucocorticoid-mediated side effects as well as glucocorticoid resistance. Our perspective on non-steroidal SEGRAs and SEGRMs considers remaining opportunities to address research gaps in order to harness the potential for more safe and effective glucocorticoid receptor therapies.
Properties of alpha-dehydrobiotin-resistant mutants of Escherichia coli K-12 (1975)

We have isolated four classes of mutants resistant to alpha-dehydrobiotin, a biotin analogue. One mutant group, referred to as bioR shows high excretion levels of biotin vitamers, derepressed levels of the biotin biosynthetic enzymes, and resistance to repression by biotin. The mutation has been mapped between argC and bfe at min 79. A second class of mutants, with lesions in the bioA operon at min 17.5, shows derepressed levels of the dethiobiotin synthetase enzyme and has been tentatively designated as bioO mutants. The other two mutant groups show alterations in permeability: biotin uptake is markedly reduced in one, whereas in the other proline uptake is also affected. The former mutation lies near metE at min 75 and has been designated as bioP. The permeability mutants in the second group also show poor growth on minimal media, suggesting a generalized permeability effect. This mutation, designated as P, has not been mapped.
&lt;title&gt;Micropolarizer-based multiple-viewer autostereoscopic display&lt;/title&gt; (1999)

Autostereoscopic displays effectively 'steer' different image-bearing bundles of light rays to the two eyes of the observer(s). Typically, each observer has to find an imaginary point or line in space upon which to place her nose, or an active system tracks a single observer, aiming the imaginary point or line toward her nose via some sort of face tracking scheme. This paper describes a system of the second type that is specifically adapted to accommodate several arbitrarily-located viewers while maintaining good optical isolation of a stereoscopic pair of images, and while registering them so that the consonance of accommodation and convergence occurs at the front surface of the display for maximum comfort during interaction.
Performance management in SONET-based multi-service networks (2002)

A performance management scheme is introduced to satisfy end-to-end performance requirements of multiclass services, using a nested control scheme. The network-level controller periodically computes an optimal bandwidth allocation policy for the entire network, and downloads parameters to the call- and packet-level controllers to regulate network traffic accordingly. The call-level controller limits SONET (synchronous optical network) pipe fills, exercises access-control fairly across source destination pairs, and is based on profitability across call classes. The packet-level controller provides congestion-free high-speed data transmission within the SONET pipes designated and realized by the network and call controllers, respectively.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Diffusion Analysis for Optimal Design of Ocean Outfall System (2009)

Abstract − The optimal type and discharging position of ocean outfall of wastewater have been determined byhydrodynamic modeling, near-field dilution modeling, and far-field dispersion modeling. Tide and tidal currentshave been simulated by a finite element hydrodynamic model showing good agreements with field observations.Based on the hydrodynamic simulation results candidates of ocean outfall position were preliminary determined.Submerged single port and submerged multi-port diffuser were selected as discharging system alternatives andfinally designed by considering tide, tidal currents and water depth. Initial dilution of wastewater dischargedfrom the designed ports has been estimated by CORMIX system. A 2-dimensional random-walk dispersion modelhas been employed to simulate far-field dispersion of discharged wastewater. Keywords: Ocean Outfall(해양방류), Dispersion(확산), Diffuser(확산관), Dilution rate(희석률), CORMIXSystem(CORMIX 모형) 1. 서론 우리나라 연안역은 산업화와 함께 급격히 도시화가 진행되었으며, 많은 인구가 거주하고 생활하면서 도시하수가 바다로 배출되고, 임해공업단지에서는 다량의 공장폐수를 바다로 배출하여 왔다.최근에는 연안해역의 수질을 보호하기 위하여 하수처리장을 곳곳에 건설하고 있으나 아직도 상당부분이 단순히 1차 처리 후에 방류하고 있다. 따라서 오염물질의 완전히 제거되지 않은 상태인 하수가 해양으로 유입되어 연안해역의 수질은 심각하게 오염되어 있는실정으로이에 대한 관리대책 수립이 필요한 실정이다. 도시하수 및 공장폐수로 인한 해양오염을 저감시키는 방법은오염된 하수와 폐수를 완전하게 수처리하여 오염농도를 저감시킨후에 바다로 방류하는 것이다. 그러나 수처리 과정에서 완전하게오염물질을 제거하기는 어려우며, 연안해역으로 유입된 오염물질이 연안해역에서 희석되지 않고 정체되어 있을 경우에는 장기적으로 연안수질을 오염시키는 원인이 된다. 특히 우리나라 서해안및 남해안과 같이 섬으로 둘러싸여 있어 폐쇄성이 강한 연안해역에서는 유입된 오염물질이 외해로 이송-확산되지 못할 경우에는부영양화, 적조발생, 빈산소 수괴의 형성과 같은 수질 오염을 야
John H. Addy (2016)

Page 17 – John H. Addy, East Dennis, Sept. 28, 1864; photo by Black & Case, Washington St., Boston.