gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Energy-efficient register caching with compiler assistance (2009)

The register file is a critical component in a modern superscalar processor. It must be large enough to accommodate the results of all in-flight instructions. It must also have enough ports to allow simultaneous issue and writeback of many values each cycle. However, this makes it one of the most energy-consuming structures within the processor with a high access latency. As technology scales, there comes a point where register accesses are the bottleneck to performance and so must be pipelined over several cycles. This increases the pipeline depth, lowering performance. To overcome these challenges, we propose a novel use of compiler analysis to aid register caching. Adding a register cache allows us to preserve single-cycle register accesses, maintaining performance and reducing energy consumption. We do this by passing information to the processor using free bits in a real ISA, allowing us to cache only the most important registers. Evaluating the register cache over a variety of sizes and associativities and varying the read ports into the cache, our best scheme achieves an energy-delay-squared (EDD) product of 0.81, with a performance increase of 11%. Another configuration saves 13% of register system energy. Using four register cache read ports brings both performance gains and energy savings, consistently outperforming two state-of-the-art hardware approaches.
A Dynamic Model for Strategically Allocating Retail Space (1983)

The allocation of shelf space is a major determinent of a retailer's sales and operating costs. All the existing models of this problem focus on static optimization. But to the retailer, anticipating and adapting to new tastes and changing product life cycles is the central strategic problem. This paper shows how the static model can be extented to incorporate such market dynamics. The new model is more plausible than earlier static models in encouraging the retailer to allocate more space to new products and divest earlier from declining ones.
Crystal structure of the as-synthesized precursor (MnAl9)P10O40.cntdot.C6H16N to molecular sieve MnAPO-11 (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCrystal structure of the as-synthesized precursor (MnAl9)P10O40.cntdot.C6H16N to molecular sieve MnAPO-11Joseph J. Pluth, Joseph V. Smith, and James W. Richardson Jr.Cite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1988, 92, 10, 2734–2738Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100321a008https://doi.org/10.1021/j100321a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views167Altmetric-Citations52LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Preparation, Characterization and Dissolution of Solid Dispersion of Diclofenac Sodium Using Eudragit E-100 (2013)

Solis dispersions (SDs) traditionally have been used as effective methods to improve the dissolution properties and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. Diclofenac Sodium, a non steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with analgesic and anti-inflammatory property was selected as the model drug. The poor aqueous solubility of the drug results in variable dissolution rate and hence poor bioavailability. The aim of the present study was to improve the solubility and dissolution rate of a poorly water-soluble drug, diclofenac sodium, by SD technique as using Eudragit E100. SD was prepared by solvent evaporation technique. The SD was characterized for particle size, particle size distribution and solubility studies. Solid state characterizations i.e., Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Scanning Electron Microscopy were also carried out for the best formulation. It was concluded that the SD prepared by solvent evaporation technique using Eudragit E100 enhanced solubility and dissolution and hence better patient compliance and effective therapy.
Continuous high-repetition-rate operation of collisional soft-x-ray lasers with solid targets (2006)

We have generated a laser average output power of 2 microW at a wavelength of 13.9 nm by operating a tabletop laser-pumped Ni-like Ag laser at a 5 Hz repetition rate, using a solid helicoidal target that is continuously rotated and advanced to renew the target surface between shots. More than 2 x 10(4) soft-x-ray laser shots were obtained by using a single target. Similar results were obtained at 13.2 nm in Ni-like Cd with a Cd-coated target. This scheme will allow uninterrupted operation of laser-pumped tabletop collisional soft-x-ray lasers at a repetition rate of 10 Hz for a period of hours, enabling the generation of continuous high average soft-x-ray powers for applications.
Data exploration across temporal contexts (2000)

The ability to quickly explore and compare multiple scenarios is an important component of exploratory data analysis. Yet today's interfaces cannot represent alternative exploration paths as a branching history, forcing the user to recognize conceptual branch points in a linear history. Further, the interface can only show information from one state at a time, forcing the user to use her memory to compare scenarios.
A Pseudo-Michaelis Quaternary Complex in the Reverse Reaction of a Ligase:  Structure of <i>Escherichia coli</i> B Glutathione Synthetase Complexed with ADP, Glutathione, and Sulfate at 2.0 Å Resolution<sup>,</sup> (1996)

The crystal structure of glutathione synthetase from Escherichia coli B complexed with ADP, glutathione, and sulfate has been determined at 2.0 A resolution. Concerning the chemical similarity of sulfate and phosphate, this quaternary complex structure represents a pseudo enzyme-substrate complex in the reverse reaction and consequently allows us to understand the active site architecture of the E. coli glutathione synthetase. Two Mg2+ ions are coordinated with oxygen atoms from the alpha- and beta-phosphate groups of ADP and from the sulfate ion. The flexible loops, invisible in the unliganded or the binary and ternary complex structures, are fixed in the quaternary complex. The larger flexible loop (Ile226-Arg241) includes one turn of a 310-helix that comprises the binding site of the glycine moiety of GSH. The small loop (Gly164-Gly167) is involved in nucleotide binding and acts as a phosphate gripper. The side chains of Arg210 and Arg225 interact with the sulfate ion and the beta-phosphate moiety of ADP. Arg 210 is likely to interact with the carboxylate of the C-terminal gamma-glutamylcysteine in the substrate-binding form of the forward reaction. Other positively charged residues in the active site (Lys125 and Lys160) are involved in nucleotide binding, directing the phosphate groups to the right position for catalysis. Functional aspects of the active site architecture in the substrate-binding form are discussed.
[Chondroitin sulfate in the treatment of gonarthrosis and coxarthrosis. 5-months result of a multicenter double-blind controlled prospective study using placebo]. (1993)

One hundred twenty patients with osteoarthritis of the knees and hips were entered into a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial designed to evaluate the effectiveness of chondroitin sulfate (Structum). The three-month treatment phase was followed by a two-month treatment-free phase to allow evaluation of carry-over effects. The main endpoint was use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (expressed as mg of diclofenac equivalent). At completion of the three-month treatment phase, patients taking chondroitin sulfate (4 capsules/day) were using significantly less NSAIDs; this decrease persisted throughout the two-month treatment-free follow-up phase. The other parameters studied including visual analog scale assessment of pain, the Lequesne pain-function index, and overall patient and physician assessments, all showed a similar significant tendency. Tolerance was outstanding and no patients required premature withdrawal. These findings indicate that chondroitin sulfate is useful for the treatment of osteoarthritis, both as an agent slowly effective against symptoms and to reduce the need for NSAIDs. The carry-over effect of the drug suggests that intermittent administration may be appropriate.
An improved method for entrapment of plasmids in liposomes. (1989)

The reverse-phase evaporation method [Szoka, F., Jr., and Papahadjopoulos, D. (1978): Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA., 75, 4194-4198] was modified to enable the preparation of liposomes entrapping plasmids without damage to DNA strands due to sonication. In our procedure, reverse-phase micelles were prepared first by sonication and then plasmids were added to form liposomes entrapping plasmids. The efficiency of the liposomes for entrapping of DNA by the present method was higher than that by the original method. By the present method, circular-pCH 110 was entrapped in liposomes without damage, while by the original method, some of the plasmids were cut during the preparation. The expression of the β-galactosidase gene encoded in plasmid pCH 110 was detected in COS-7 cells when the gene was transferred with the liposomes prepared by the present method, but not with the vesicles prepared by the original method.
High-Reflectivity Broadband Photonic Crystal Mirror MEMS Scanner With Low Dependence on Incident Angle and Polarization (2009)

In this paper, we introduce a single-axis resonant comb drive highly reflective broadband photonic crystal (PC) mirror microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) scanner with low dependence of reflectivity on incident angle and polarization. Two-dimensional PC mirrors have several advantages over metal coatings and dielectric stacks (1-D PCs) as mirrors. They can tolerate much higher processing temperatures and higher incident powers, as well as operate in more corrosive environments than metals. Compared to multilayer dielectric stacks, 2-D PC mirrors are compact and allow for simpler process integration, making them highly compatible with CMOS and MEMS processing. Our PC mirrors show broadband high reflectivity of > 90% in the wavelength range from 1345 to 1490 nm (> 95% for 1380 to 1450 nm) and very low angular and polarization dependence over this same range. The single-axis MEMS scanners are fabricated on silicon-on-insulator wafers with the PC mirrors fabricated in polysilicon films on oxide. Although the scanner presented in this paper is single axis, the low angular and polarization dependence properties of the 2-D-PC mirror also make it useful for dual-axis scanners. The scanners are actuated by in-chip plane electrostatic combdrives on resonance. Dynamic deflection measurements show that the scanners can achieve 20deg total scan angle with an input square wave of 40 V and up to 120deg total scan angle with 190 V at a resonance frequency of 2.03 kHz. Although the achievable scan ranges are very large, the useful scan angles will be limited by the angular and polarization dependence properties of the PC reflector and its application. For the 2-D PC scanner presented in this paper, applications that can tolerate 10% decrease in reflectivity will have a scan range of 20deg.
Accelerating machine learning with Non-Volatile Memory: Exploring device and circuit tradeoffs (2016)

Large arrays of the same nonvolatile memories (NVM) being developed for Storage-Class Memory (SCM) - such as Phase Change Memory (PCM) and Resistance RAM (ReRAM) - can also be used in non-Von Neumann neuromorphic computational schemes, with device conductance serving as synaptic “weight.” This allows the all-important multiply-accumulate operation within these algorithms to be performed efficiently at the weight data.
Forms/3: A first-order visual language to explore the boundaries of the spreadsheet paradigm (2001)

Although detractors of functional programming sometimes claim that functional programming is too difficult or counter-intuitive for most programmers to understand and use, evidence to the contrary can be found by looking at the popularity of spreadsheets. The spreadsheet paradigm, a first-order subset of the functional programming paradigm, has found wide acceptance among both programmers and end users. Still, there are many limitations with most spreadsheet systems. In this paper, we discuss language features that eliminate several of these limitations without deviating from the first-order, declarative evaluation model. The language used to illustrate these features is a research language called Forms/3. Using Forms/3, we show that procedural abstraction, data abstraction and graphics output can be supported in the spreadsheet paradigm. We show that, with the addition of a simple model of time, animated output and GUI I/O also become viable. To demonstrate generality, we also present an animated Turing machine simulator programmed using these features. Throughout the paper, we combine our discussion of the programming language characteristics with how the language features prototyped in Forms/3 relate to what is known about human effectiveness in programming.
Between Enamide and Azaallyl Structures:  Novel Flexible N-Chelate Ligands in the Lanthanide Chemistry (2005)

Novel types of hexa-1,5-diene-1,6-diamide neodymium complexes were prepared from the corresponding neodymium bromide NdBr3(THF)3.5 with the appropriate dilithium hexa-1,5-diene-1,6-diamide reagent. The molecular structures of the new complexes revealed that the chelating hexa-1,5-diene-1,6-diamide can be bound either as an enamide or as an azaallyl-type ligand.
Solution‐Processed Highly Efficient Blue Phosphorescent Polymer Light‐Emitting Diodes Enabled by a New Electron Transport Material (2010)

High-performance blue phosphorescent light-emitting diodes are fabricated by a new sequential solution-processing method made possible by a new wide-energy-gap electron-transport material. The PhOLEDs show a luminous efficiency of 28.3 cd A−1 with an EQE of 15.5% at 2790 cd m−2. Even at a remarkably high brightness of 10 000 cd m−2, the luminous efficiency remained higher than 20 cd A−1.
Solid-state chemistry of molecular metal oxide clusters. Bis(triphenylphosphine)rhodium(I) carbonyl derivatives (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSolid-state chemistry of molecular metal oxide clusters. Bis(triphenylphosphine)rhodium(I) carbonyl derivativesA. R. Siedle, W. B. Gleason, R. A. Newmark, R. P. Skarjune, P. A. Lyon, C. G. Markell, K. O. Hodgson, and A. L. RoeCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1990, 29, 9, 1667–1673Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00334a016https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00334a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views129Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Demonstration of 20-Gb/s DQPSK With a Single Dual-Drive Mach–Zehnder Modulator (2008)

Using a single, dual-drive Mach-Zehnder modulator and high-speed electronics, differential quadrature phase-shift keying modulation and detection are demonstrated for a bit rate of 20 Gb/s. Back-to-back system performance is measured, and the receiver sensitivity is found to be -32.25 dBm.
8 x 10 Gb/s DWDM transmission over 240 km of standard fiber using a cascade of semiconductor optical amplifiers (2000)

Eight 10-Gb/s DWDM channels spaced 200 GHz around 1565 nm are transmitted over six 40-km spans of standard SMF using five inline semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs). SOAs are also used as booster and pre-amplifier in the transmitter and receiver, so that only SOAs are used in the experiment. For all channels, bit-error-rate penalties of 0.5-1.5 dB relative to baseline have been measured, with no evidence of error-rate floors.
Fault ride through control for a delta connected induction motor with an open winding fault by controlling the zero sequence voltage (2010)

This paper presents a modified fault ride through method for use when open circuit winding faults appear on an induction motor drive. The work includes a new feedforward compensation term introduced into the zero sequence component of the dq reference voltages which considerably reduces current and torque ripple in the faulted motor drive. A method for extending the operating range under fault conditions by employing intelligent field weakening control is presented. Experimental results are presented which demonstrate the effectiveness of the complete system and show that it can be incorporated onto existing commercial drives as a simple software addition.
The Success of 6-Month Stenting in Endonasal Frontal Sinus Surgery (2000)

The ultimate success or failure of frontal sinus surgical procedures, whether they be endonasal or external, is determined essentially by the rate of restenosis of the frontal sinus outflow tract or neo-ostium postoperatively. Long-term stenting for a period of several months significantly reduces the rate of restenosis, particularly in difficult cases. We retrospectively reviewed the cases of 12 patients who received 21 frontal nasal stents, which were left in place for 6 months. Based on outcomes measures that included endoscopy or radiologic findings and patients' self-evaluations, we conclude that frontal nasal stents that are left in place for 6 months are more effective than stents that are removed earlier. We recommend that this type of management be considered in difficult revision cases and before performing an external operation.
Survey of bacterial microorganisms in the conjunctival sac of clinically normal dogs and dogs with ulcerative keratitis in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil (2005)

The results of our study are directly applicable to initiate rational, preventive and therapeutic measures with greater accuracy in dogs with corneal ulcer.
Hydrogenated amorphous silicon radiation detectors: Material parameters, radiation hardness, charge collection (1991)

For nearly two decades now hydrogenated amorphous silicon has generated considerable interest for its potential use in various device applications namely, solar cells, electrolithography, large-area electronics etc. The development of efficient and economic solar cells has been on the forefront of this research. This interest in hydrogenated amorphous silicon has been motivated by the fact that amorphous silicon can be deposited over a large area at relatively low cost compared to crystalline silicon. Hydrogenated amorphous silicon, frequently abbreviated as a-Si:H, used in solar-cell applications is a micron or less thick. The basic device structure is a p-i-n diode where the i layer is the active layer for radiation to interact. This is so because intrinsic a-Si:H has superior electrical properties in comparison to doped a-Si:H which serves the purpose of forming a potential barrier on either end of the i layer. The research presented in this dissertation was undertaken to study the properties of a-Si:H for radiation detection applications in physics and medicine.
Affordable 3D printed microwave antennas (2015)

In this paper, a variety of 3D printed microwave antennas are presented including wide band, narrow band, multiband and reconfigurable designs. In particular, single layer patch, folded E-patch, a bilateral Vivaldi, Spartan logo and Lego-like assembled antennas are demonstrated. 3D printing provides significant flexibility in the design of antennas that combine the assembly of both dielectric and metal layers to achieve desired performance characteristics such as resonant frequency and radiation pattern. Also, small Lego-like blocks can be printed that allows in the design and assembly of novel antennas structures using a combination of dielectric and metal coated blocks.
Completeness and consistency analysis of state-based requirements (1995)

This paper describes methods for automatically analyzing formal, state-based requirements specifications for completeness and consistency.
DIETARY CHOLESTYRAMINE REDUCES OCHRATOXIN A-INDUCED NEPHROTOXICITY IN THE RAT BY DECREASING PLASMA LEVELS AND ENHANCING FECAL EXCRETION OF THE TOXIN (1998)

Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin that may contaminate animal feed (oat, barley, and rye) and food (wheat, rice, coffee, beer, pig meat), leading to major health problems (e.g., nephropathy) in several animal species including humans. Several methods have been tested to reduce the toxicity of OTA in animals but with limited success. In rats, the effect of cholestyramine (CHA), a bile acid-binding resin, was investigated on OTA-induced nephrotoxicity and bioavailability. Animals were fed semisynthetic diets containing two levels of OTA: 1 or 3 ppm. At each level of OTA, the diets were enriched with 0.1, 1, and 5% of CHA. The results showed that CHA decreased the concentration of OTA in plasma. At 1 and 3 ppm of OTA in the diet, CHA is effective at a level of 0.1% and 5%, respectively. The excretion of OTA and its metabolites (ochratoxin alpha and hydroxylated ochratoxin A) in bile and urine was also decreased by addition of 5% CHA in the diet. This was associated with an increase of OTA excretion in feces. Enzymuria and renal morphology revealed that dietary CHA can decrease OTA-induced nephrotoxicity, probably by reducing renal exposure to the toxin. In conclusion, CHA can reduce OTA concentrations in plasma as well as reducing nephrotoxicity, which may be attributed to a decrease of bioavailability and/or enterohepatic circulation of the toxin.