gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Polarized Grazing Angle FTIR Study of Molecular Orientation and Bonding of Thioglycolates at the Metal Interface (1996)

The mercaptoesters have been recognized as an effective coupling agent for bonding metals using acrylate and epoxy adhesives with enhanced bonding strength and improved durability. Here, we report the results of our investigation of the interaction of thioester coupling agents with a gold surface using a grazing angle FTIR (GA/FTIR) spectroscopic technique. We investigated the interaction of alkyl functional thioesters (octylthioglycolate, dodecyl-thioglycolate and stearylthioglycolate) coupling agents with the metal at the interface region. The formation of strong chemical bonding is proven to be the key feature of this application rather than wetting or hydrogen bonding for conventional adhesive applications. Based on our results we have concluded that the deposited layers exist as thioester bonded to the gold surface through the sulfur-metal bond and that the polarization results indicate that only those thioesters containing C12 and C18 hydrocarbon tail chains self-assemble readily and close pack on the surface. For dodecyl thioglycolate, the C12 alkyl chains are densely packed and oriented perpendicular to the substrate surface. For the stearyl thioglycolate, the C18 alkyl tail chains are also closely packed and oriented, but the chains appear to tilt from the normal surface. However, the carbonyl group of the C18 thioester appears to be parallel to the surface. For short-chain mercaptoesters, such as octyl thioglycolate, the alkyl chains do not self-assemble or orient on the gold surface. The molecular orientation of the coupling agent at the interface region has also been shown to play an important role in determining the interaction of the adhesive with the coupling agent layers. Results of the interfacial shear strength promotion on mild steel by the mercaptoester coupling agents are also reported.
Implications of Differential Stress Response Activation Following Non-Frozen Hepatocellular Storage (2013)

Hepatocytes are critical for numerous cell therapies and in vitro investigations. A limiting factor for their use in these applications is the ability to process and preserve them without loss of viability or functionality. Normal rat hepatocytes (NHEPs) and human hepatoma (C3A) cells were stored at either 4°C or 37°C to examine post-processing stress responses. Resveratrol and salubrinal were used during storage to determine how targeted molecular stress pathway modulation would affect cell survival. This study revealed that storage outcome is dependent upon numerous factors including: cell type, storage media, storage length, storage temperature, and chemical modulator. These data implicate a molecular-based stress response that is not universal but is specific to the set of conditions under which cells are stored. Further, these findings allude to the potential for targeted protection or destruction of particular cell types for numerous applications, from diagnostic cell selection to cell-based therapy. Ultimately, this study demonstrates the need for further in-depth molecular investigations into the cellular stress response to bioprocessing and preservation.
Nonholonomic motion planning based on newton algorithm with energy optimization (2003)

Discusses a modification of the Newton algorithm applied to nonholonomic motion planning with energy optimization. The energy optimization is performed either by optimizing motion in the null space of the Jacobian matrix derived from the nonholonomic system or coupling this motion with movement toward the goal. Resulting controls are smooth and easily generated by motors or thrusters. The two methods can be used, when kinematics are considered, to steer any driftless nonholonomic systems particular free-floating objects, underactuated manipulators, mobile robots (with trailers). Similarities and differences are also discussed in the Newton algorithm for holonomic and nonholonomic systems.
The Risk Effects of Bank Acquisitions (1997)

An examination of the risk effects of bank acquisitions that occurred between the first quarter of 1984 and the last quarter of 1993. Its findings -- that banks are not using acquisitions to increase their risk exposure and that acquisitions increase profitability over time -- cast doubt on the importance of risk diversification as a motive for bank acquisitions.
Automated Visibility & Cloud Cover Measurements with a Solid State Imaging System (1989)

Abstract : This Final Report, under Contract No. F19628-84-K-0047, summarizes the development status of two computer-controlled, video-based imaging systems, their initial deployment and the preliminary application of their output data for the objective determination of cloud free paths of sight, total cloud cover, and sector visibilities. The research supporting these tasks has been a multi- year activity conducted at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography under the sponsorship of the Air Force Geophysics Laboratory. The effort has been directed toward the development of two related systems, one for the automatic assessment of total cloud cover and its related distributional statistics, and the other for the automatic determination of local sector visibilities. Both systems involve the use of similar hardware for image acquisition and manipulation, but quite different analytics and control algorithms, thus they are discussed separately in this Final Report. The development status at the conclusion of this contract interval is such that two prototype systems, the Whole Sky Imager which is used for cloud cover assessments and the Automatic Horizon Scanner which is used for visibility determinations, are built, operational in several locations, and are producing image oriented data bases appropriate for computer analysis. Preliminary analytic algorithms for the use of these data in automated processes have been developed and are undergoing refinement. (RRH)
Use of cosmic-ray neutron sensors for soil moisture monitoring in forests (2016)

Abstract. Measuring soil moisture with cosmic-ray neutrons is a promising technique for intermediate spatial scales. To convert neutron counts to average volumetric soil water content a simple calibration function can be used (the N0-calibration of Desilets et al., 2010). The calibration is based on soil water content derived directly from soil samples taken within the footprint of the sensor. We installed a cosmic-ray neutron sensor (CRS) in a mixed forest in the lowlands of north-eastern Germany and calibrated it 10 times throughout one calendar year. Each calibration with the N0-calibration function resulted in a different CRS soil moisture time series, with deviations of up to 0.1 m3 m−3 (24 % of the total range) for individual values of soil water content. Also, many of the calibration efforts resulted in time series that could not be matched with independent in situ measurements of soil water content. We therefore suggest a modified calibration function with a different shape that can vary from one location to another. A two-point calibration was found to effectively define the shape of the modified calibration function if the calibration points were taken during both dry and wet conditions spanning at least half of the total range of soil moisture. The best results were obtained when the soil samples used for calibration were linearly weighted as a function of depth in the soil profile and nonlinearly weighted as a function of distance from the CRS, and when the depth-specific amount of soil organic matter and lattice water content was explicitly considered. The annual cycle of tree foliation was found to be a negligible factor for calibration because the variable hydrogen mass in the leaves was small compared to the hydrogen mass changes by soil moisture variations. As a final point, we provide a calibration guide for a CRS in forested environments.
Recycling the Cyclic Prefix in an OFDM System (2006)

In orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems, a cyclic prefix (CP) is often used. With traditional reception, the CP is discarded. However, if the length of the CP exceeds the delay spread of the channel, a portion of the CP can be used to improve performance. In the past, Nyquist windowing techniques have been used to recover signal energy from the CP while maintaining orthogonality between symbols. In this paper, a maximum-likelihood (ML) approach is developed, which improves performance further, particularly when the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is low. An approximate ML solution is also given which employs a non-Nyquist window.
Signal Processing Methods for the Automatic Transcription of Music (2004)

Signal processing methods for the automatic transcription of music are developed in this thesis. Music transcription is here understood as the process of analyzing a music signal so as to write down the parameters of the sounds that occur in it. The applied notation can be the traditional musical notation or any symbolic representation which gives sufficient information for performing the piece using the available musical instruments. Recovering the musical notation automatically for a given acoustic signal allows musicians to reproduce and modify the original performance. Another principal application is structured audio coding: a MIDI-like representation is extremely compact yet retains the identifiability and characteristics of a piece of music to an important degree. The scope of this thesis is in the automatic transcription of the harmonic and melodic parts of real-world music signals. Detecting or labeling the sounds of percussive instruments (drums) is not attempted, although the presence of these is allowed in the target signals. Algorithms are proposed that address two distinct subproblems of music transcription. The main part of the thesis is dedicated to multiple fundamental frequency (F0) estimation, that is, estimation of the F0s of several concurrent musical sounds. The other subproblem addressed is musical meter estimation. This has to do with rhythmic aspects of music and refers to the estimation of the regular pattern of strong and weak beats in a piece of music. For multiple-F0 estimation, two different algorithms are proposed. Both methods are based on an iterative approach, where the F0 of the most prominent sound is estimated, the sound is cancelled from the mixture, and the process is repeated for the residual. The first method is derived in a prag...
Leukotrienes and Other Lipoxygenase Products in the Pathogenesis and Therapy of Psoriasis and Other Dermatoses (1983)

In this issue of theArchives(page 548), Kragballe and Herlin describe a double-blind study that clearly demonstrates that benoxaprofen is efficacious in the therapy of psoriasis. This exciting observation may have a substantial impact on drug development for psoriasis and possibly other inflammatory proliferative skin diseases. My purpose is to present evidence that has caused me to conclude that the observations of Kragballe and Herlin are of unusual importance. This evidence will be understood best if it is presented in the context of current information on arachidonic acid (AA) transformations in the epidermis and in whole skin. <h3>AA TRANSFORMATIONS</h3> Arachidonic acid, an unsaturated fatty acid, is the precursor of prostaglandins (PGs), hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs), thromboxanes (TXs), and leukotrienes (LTs).<sup>1</sup>The backbone of lecithin is glycerol with its three carbon atoms. Arachidonic acid is esterified to the middle (the so-called 2 position) of these three atoms in epidermal lecithin
Event-Driven GHz-Range Continuous-Time Digital Signal Processor With Activity-Dependent Power Dissipation (2012)

Presented is a clockless, continuous-time (CT) GHz processor that bypasses some of the limitations of conventional digital and analog implementations. Per-edge digital signal encoding is used for parallel processing of continuous-time samples with a temporal spacing as narrow as 15 ps, generated by a 3-b CT flash ADC. Parallel digital delay chains and programmable charge pumps realize the asynchronous filtering operation, each consuming negligible power while awaiting a new sample. A six-tap CT ADC and CT digital FIR processor system occupies 0.07 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and achieves dynamic range of over 20 dB in the 0.8-3.2-GHz signal range. The system's rate of operations automatically adapts to the signal, thus causing its power dissipation to vary in the range of 1.1 to 10 mW according to input activity.
Security considerations on extending PACE to a biometric-based connection establishment (2013)

Abstract: The regulations of the European Union (EU) Council in 2004 are the basis of the deployment of electronic passports within the EU. Since then EU member states adopt the format and the access protocols to further electronic machine readable travel documents (eMRTD) like national electronic ID cards and electronic residence per-mits, respectively. The security protocols to communicate with an eMRTD are based on the paradigm of strong cohesion and loose coupling, i.e., each step is designed to ensure only a particular security goal like authorisation to access a certain data group, authenticity and integrity of the data, originality of the chip, or the linkage be-tween the eMRTD and its holder. However, recently a discussion evolved to integrate the linkage security goal within the connection establishment, which currently only aims at limiting basic access of authorised terminals to the eMRTD. For instance, the BioPACE protocol proposes to replace the knowledge-based shared ’secret ’ of PACE by a biometric-based one. The goal of the paper at hand is twofold: First, we evalu-ate the BioPACE protocol and propose improvements to enhance its features. Second, we analyse the expediency of integrating our BioPACE version 2 into the eMRTD do-main. Our initial evaluation shows that our BioPACE version 2 is expedient if the EAC protocols and the corresponding PKI are abandoned. 1
9 kV 4H-SiC IGBTs with 88 mΩ·cm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; of R &lt;sub&gt;diff, on&lt;/sub&gt; (2007)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
The Preparation of 3-Methyl-1-tetralone and β-[1-(3-Methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthyl)]-ethyl Alcohol (1940)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Preparation of 3-Methyl-1-tetralone and β-[1-(3-Methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthyl)]-ethyl AlcoholW. E. Bachmann and W. S. StruveCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1940, 62, 6, 1618–1619Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1940Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1940https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01863a501https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01863a501research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views22Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Polyoxymethylenes (2012)

Abstract The article contains sections titled: 1. Introduction 2. Physical and Chemical Properties 2.1. Morphology 2.2 Mechanical Properties 2.3. Thermal Properties 2.4. Chemical Stability 2.5. UV and Weather Resistance 2.6. Permeability 2.7. Fire Behavior 2.8. Optical Properties 2.9. Electrical Properties 3. Production 3.1. Polymerization of Formaldehyde and Trioxane 3.2. Homopolymers 3.3. Copolymers 3.3.1. Polymerization of Trioxane 3.3.1.1. Initiation 3.3.1.2. Chain Propagation 3.3.1.3. Chain Termination by Chain Transfer 3.4. Additives 3.4.1. Stabilizers 4.4.2. Nucleation Agents 3.4.3. Release Agents 3.5. Impact‐Resistant Types 3.6. Low VOC‐Grades 3.7. High Strength POM Copolymer 4. Economic Aspects 5. Quality Specifications and Analysis 6. Product Range and Processing </jat
Apparition et évolution de la résistance bactérienne aux antibiotiques (1989)

International audience
Metric convergence in social network sampling (2013)

While enabling new research questions and methodologies, the massive size of social media platforms also poses a significant issue for the analysis of these networks. In order to deal with this data volume, researchers typically turn to samples of these graph structures to conduct their analysis. This however raises the question about the representativeness of such limited crawls, and the amount of data necessary to come to stable predictions about the underlying systems. This paper analyzes the convergence of six commonly used topological metrics as a function of the crawling method and sample size used. We find that graph crawling methods drastically over- and underestimate network metrics, and that a non-trivial amount of data is needed to arrive at a stable estimate of the underlying network.
Supporting Video Streaming Services in Infrastructure Wireless Mesh Networks: Architecture and Protocols (2008)

In this paper, we present UPAC, a unified peer-to-peer (P2P) and cache framework for high quality video-on-demand services over infrastructure multi-hop wireless mesh networks. Streaming video in multi-hop wireless networks faces many challenges, e.g., the varying available path bandwidth, interference due to shared medium, the impact of multiple relay nodes, etc. To increase the capacity of streaming services and ensure high video quality, in UPAC, the video content is cached at selected wireless mesh access points (MAPs) inside the mesh network. Furthermore peers help each other on video downloading in a best effort manner to reduce the workload imposed on the servers and networks. This unified framework has the advantages of both the content distribution network approach and peer-to-peer network approach. To obtain optimal video quality, a user device can form the P2P relationship with MAP content cache servers and other user devices. Meanwhile, the client-server relationship is established between the device and the MAP content cache servers. In addition, we propose and compare several methods to select the content cache servers for serving a device and to establish the end-to-end routes between the device and the selected servers. Our preliminary simulation results show that the proposed framework increases the number of users that can be concurrently served in the infrastructure wireless mesh network and improves the received video quality.
Room temperature crystallization of indium tin oxide films on glass and polyethylene terephthalate substrates using rf plasma (2007)

The crystallization of amorphous indium tin oxide (ITO) films was achieved by rf (13.56MHz) plasma treatment. Although the films were crystallized after 2min, the sample temperature was lower than 90°C without compulsory cooling even after 10min of treatment and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates had no damage. Plasma-crystallized sputtered ITO films have a bixbite structure and the resistivity reached to 1.6×10−4Ω∙cm. ITO thin films have almost the same resistivity in both cases of PET and glass substrates used and plasma-treated PET ITO films have a bit higher resistivity than that of glass ITO films, while mass spectroscopy measurements indicated that ITO films deposited on PET substrates are expected to include no apparent gas species ejected from PET substrate. It was found that the plasma gas pressure is the key parameter for the effective crystallization and the appropriate gas pressure depends on the plasma gas species.
Postharvest Control of Botrytis cinerea Infections on Cut Roses Using Fungistatic Storage Atmospheres (1990)

The effectiveness of fungistatic atmospheres for postharvest control of Botrytis cinerea Pers. infections on cut rose flowers (Rosa hybrids L.) was investigated. Storing cut `Sonia', `Royalty', and `Gold Rush' roses at 2.5C with 10% CO 2 for 5 days, followed by 2 days of cold storage in air, reduced the number of B. cinerea lesions that developed on inoculated and noninoculated flower petals by 77% and 82%, respectively, compared to cold storage for 7 days in air. Higher CO 2 concentrations and longer CO 2 treatment times reduced disease severity further, but resulted in unacceptable leaf discoloration on some cultivars. No deleterious effects of CO 2 -enriched storage atmospheres on flower quality, weight gain, or vase life were observed. Storage at 2.5C for 7 days in 2 μl SO 2 /liter reduced B. cinerea infections on inoculated and noninoculated flowers by 53% and 43%, respectively. No deleterious effects on flower quality, weight gain, or vase life were observed. Higher SO 2 levels reduced disease severity further, but caused bleaching of the petal margins and necrosis around leaf wounds.
CD4+, HLA class I-restricted, cytolytic T-lymphocyte clone against primary malignant melanoma cells (2000)

The involvement of HLA-class I in target cell lysis by CD4+ cytolytic T cells (CTL) has been a controversial issue. A CTL clone of CD4 phenotype was derived from the peripheral blood lymphocytes of a patient with primary melanoma. The CTL clone stably lysed the autologous primary melanoma cells for approximately 9 months in culture. Both the Vα2/Vβ8 T-cell receptor and CD4 were involved in CTL cytotoxicity. Of a large panel of allogeneic primary and metastatic melanoma or colorectal carcinoma cells, autologous and allogeneic Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B cells and autologous fibroblasts, only allogeneic metastatic melanoma cells matched with the autologous tumor cells for HLA-class I (B57[17]) were lysed and induced IFN-γ secretion by the CTL clone. Lysis of the autologous tumor cells was significantly blocked by monoclonal antibody to HLA-B17. Importantly, allogeneic, HLA-class I- and class II-unmatched melanoma cells were lysed by the CTL only following transfection of the cells with B57[17] cDNA. Our results provide direct evidence for the involvement of both CD4 and HLA-class I in tumor cell lysis by CD4+ CTL. Int. J. Cancer 85:253–259, 2000. ©2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
High Titer, Phage-Neutralizing Antibodies in Bovine Colostrum that Prevent Lytic Infection of Lactococcus lactis in Fermentations of Phage-contaminated Milk (1998)

Antibodies against six phages of Lactococcus lactis were produced in six bovine colostra. Each colostrum neutralized its homologous phage. In addition, each colostrum neutralized a different phage from the same species as its homologous phage, but either did not neutralize or weakly neutralized more distantly related lactococcal phages. The neutralization of heterologous phages correlated with the phage species but not with the strain on which the phage was grown. Blood serum from the same cows also neutralized homologous phages, but the titers were lower than that of the colostrum. Addition of colostrum to phage-contaminated milk prevented lysis of starter cultures of L. lactis. The titers of some of the colostra were sufficiently high that it may be economically practical to prepare antibodies from similar, high titer colostra for commercial use in factory bulk starter vats.