gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Two-Dimensional, Two-Phase, Multicomponent, Transient Model for the Cathode of a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Using Conventional Gas Distributors (2001)

A two-dimensional, two-phase, multicomponent, transient model was developed for the cathode of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell. Gas transport was addressed by multicomponent diffusion equations while Darcy's law was adapted to account for the capillary flow of liquid water in the porous gas diffusion layer. The model was validated with experimental results and qualitative information on the effects of various operating conditions and design parameters and the transient phenomena upon imposing a cathodic overpotential were obtained. The performance of the cathode was found to be dominated by the dynamics of liquid water, especially in the high current density range. Conditions that promote faster liquid water removal such as temperature, dryness of the inlet gas stream, reduced diffusion layer thickness, and higher porosity improved the performance of the cathode. There seems to be an optimum in the diffusion layer thickness at the low current density range. The model results showed that for a fixed electrode width, a greater number of channels and shorter shoulder widths are preferred. The transient profiles clearly showed that liquid water transport is the slowest mass-transfer phenomenon in the cathode and is primarily responsible for mass-transfer restrictions especially over the shoulder. © 2001 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
cDNA from human ocular ciliary epithelium homologous to βig‐h3 is preferentially expressed as an extracellular protein in the corneal epithelium (1994)

The non-pigmented ciliary epithelium is largely responsible for the formation of aqueous humor in the mammalian eye. To provide a basis for studies at the molecular level, a directional expression cDNA library was constructed in Uni-ZAP XR vector from poly A+ RNA of the human non-pigmented ciliary epithelial derived ODM-2 cell line. Fifty-three cDNA clones were isolated from the library and characterized by partial sequence analysis. Approximately 49% of the clones exhibited homology with known genes in the GenBank/EMBL databases. The putative identification of these clones may reflect the transcriptional activity of the ODM-2 cells in culture. One of the identified clones, ODM-42-I, was found to be specific and highly expressed in the corneal epithelium. This clone had an exact match with a recently discovered human gene, beta ig-h3 (Skonier et al., 1992, DNA Cell Biol., 11:511-522), which codes a surface recognition protein, inducible by transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), and containing a putative binding site (RDG) for integrins. The ODM-42-I cDNA clone displays a distinctive pattern of expression found in the human eye, expressed almost exclusively in the cornea. Further studies, using sera from a synthetic peptide to the carboxy-terminal region of ODM-42-I, reveal that the protein is heterogeneous in charge and is preferentially expressed on the extracellular surface of corneal epithelial cells, and might share immunologic properties with integrins beta 1.
Experimental demonstration of efficient superdense coding in the presence of non-Markovian noise (2015)

Many quantum information tasks rely on entanglement, which is used as a resource, for example, to enable efficient and secure communication. Typically, noise, accompanied by loss of entanglement, reduces the efficiency of quantum protocols. We demonstrate experimentally a superdense coding scheme with noise, where the decrease of entanglement in Alice's encoding state does not reduce the efficiency of the information transmission. Having almost fully dephased classical two-photon polarization state at the time of encoding, we reach values of mutual information close to 1.52 (1.89) with 3-state (4-state) encoding. This high efficiency relies both on non-Markovian features, that Bob exploits just before his Bell-state measurement, and on very high visibility (99.6$\%$) of the Hong-Ou-Mandel interference within the experimental set-up. Our proof-of-principle results pave the way for exploiting non-Markovianity to improve the efficiency and security of quantum information processing tasks.
Power Line communication over feeder cables in an Industrial environment (2009)

In an Industrial application, the motor is powered and controlled by an inverter. Control and diagnostic information are transmitted back from the motor to the inverter through an extra cable dedicated for data transmission. This signal information can be sent through the feeder cable that powers the motor using the power line communication technology dasiaPLCpsila. The existing PLC modems developed for domestic applications may not be suitable for data transmission over feeder cables. We will propose a PLC modem with convenient characteristics that fit for the industry. It will help us to send control information such as rotor position and temperature back to the inverter through the feeder cable already polluted by the PWM signal. Therefore, some of the modem aspects will be revealed in this paper. Studies carried out on modulation's techniques and throughput in question will help us to define the frequencies to use. We will highlight the difficulties and limitations that obstruct transmission between the motor and the inverter. We will underline the real cause of non-functioning and the possible way to overcome it. Finally, we will define the coupling interface and the modem characteristics and the frequency's band that might be convenient. Simulations and experimental results will confirm the proposed analyses and will put in evidence the achievable performance of the proposed PLC modem.
Experimental Realization of Deep Subwavelength Confinement in Dielectric Optical Resonators (2017)

The ability to highly localize light with strong electric field enhancement is critical for enabling higher efficiency solar cells, light sources, and modulators. While deep subwavelength modes can be realized with plasmonic resonators, large losses in these metal structures preclude most practical applications. We developed an alternative approach to achieving subwavelength confinement that is not accompanied by inhibitive losses. We experimentally demonstrate a dielectric bowtie photonic crystal structure that supports mode volumes commensurate with plasmonic elements and quality factors that reveal ultra-low losses. Our approach opens the door to the extremely strong light-matter interaction regime with simultaneously both ultra-low mode volume and ultra-high quality factor that has remained elusive in optical resonators.
Direct Feedback Linearization of Nonlinear Loudspeaker Systems (1998)

The control law used in regular static state feedback is expressed in a novel direct form which is advantageous for the linearization of loudspeaker systems. Compared with the straightforward integrator-decoupled form, the direct form increases computational efficiency, requires fewer loudspeaker parameters, and can be easily implemented on signal processors working with a fixed-point format. The control law in the direct form can be applied to loudspeaker systems with different acoustic radiation aids (closed-box system, vented-box system) and dispenses with measurement of the internal states and full identification of the acoustic parameters. The relationship between feedback linearization and feedforward filter techniques (Volterra filter, mirror filter) is discussed.
Human CD4 lymphocytes specifically recognize a peptide representing the fusion region of the hybrid protein pml/RAR alpha present in acute promyelocytic leukemia cells (1993)

Fusion proteins present in leukemic cells frequently contain a new amino acid at the fusion point. We tested whether a peptide (BCR1/25) encompassing the fusion region of the hybrid molecule pml/RAR alpha, which is selectively expressed by acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cells, can be recognized by human T lymphocytes in vitro. CD4+ lymphocytes, at both polyclonal and clonal level, recognized peptide BCR1/25 in an HLA-DR--restricted fashion on presentation by autologous antigen-presenting cell (APC) or by APC expressing the HLA-DR11 restricting molecule. Control peptides corresponding to the normal pml and RAR alpha proteins were not recognized. One clone (DEG5) also exerted a high and specific cytotoxicity against autologous cells pulsed with BCR1/25. The autologous DE LCL containing a transduced pml/RAR alpha fusion gene and expressing a bcr1 type of the pml/RAR alpha hybrid protein induced the proliferation of DE anti-BCR1/25 T cell clones. It is concluded that the bcr1 type-pml/RAR alpha fusion protein of APL contains an antigenic site, absent from the normal parent molecules and recognized by human CD4+ lymphocytes.
XV Festival Publicitario de San Sebastián: Los coches salvan un discreto festival (2000)

Circadian clocks, which underlie the daily rhythms in virtually all organisms, are entrained by diurnal changes in light, temperature, nutrients, and even sound. Simoni et al. (2014) demonstrate that diurnal variation in mechanical vibrations can reset circadian clock phase, providing a potential mechanism for integrating diverse clock-entraining stimuli.
AIMS mask qualification for 32nm node (2009)

Moving forward to 32nm node and below optical lithography using 193nm is faced with complex requirements to be solved. Mask makers are forced to address both Double Patterning Techniques and Computational Lithography approaches such as Source Mask Optimizations and Inverse Lithography. Additionally, lithography at low k1 values increases the challenges for mask repair as well as for repair verification and review by AIMS<sup>TM</sup>. Higher CD repeatability, more flexibility in the illumination settings as well as significantly improved image performance must be added when developing the next generation mask qualification equipment. This paper reports latest measurement results verifying the appropriateness of the latest member of AIMS<sup>TM</sup> measurement tools - the AIMS<sup>TM</sup> 32-193i. We analyze CD repeatability measurements on lines and spaces pattern. The influence of the improved optical performance and newly introduced interferometer stage will be verified. This paper highlights both the new Double Patterning functionality emulating double patterning processes and the influence of its critical parameters such as overlay errors and resist impact. Beneficial advanced illumination schemes emulating scanner illumination document the AIMS<sup>TM</sup> 32-193i to meet mask maker community's requirements for the 32nm node.
Zero Clearance Solder Mask for High Density SMT (2002)

ABSTRACT A new solder mask technology of the multi-layer circuit boards has been developed for the high density surface mounting processes. According to the extreme miniaturization of the portable electronic products, higher density printed circuits have been required. The traditional solder mask processes have been the bottle neck for the high density circuit board capability because of dimensional changes of the boards during the manufacturing processes. A direct laser imaging process with the new photo-imageable solder mask materials could be the right solution to solve the technical barriers. The new process makes an exact dimensional correction for the solder mask patterns on the etched copper pads of multi-layer circuit boards. The technology is able to minimize the clearance between the solder mask opening and the copper pads smaller than 25 micron. The new photo-imageable solder mask material developed for the process has equivalent or higher electrical and thermal properties than current materials, the new circuit boards have the same capabilities as traditional boards other than solder mask. The new solder mask technology enables the circuit designers to have more lines between soldering pads, and it gives more design flexibility without significant changes of design rules for high density SMT circuit boards.
Where Should We Fix This Bug? A Two-Phase Recommendation Model (2013)

To support developers in debugging and locating bugs, we propose a two-phase prediction model that uses bug reports' contents to suggest the files likely to be fixed. In the first phase, our model checks whether the given bug report contains sufficient information for prediction. If so, the model proceeds to predict files to be fixed, based on the content of the bug report. In other words, our two-phase model "speaks up" only if it is confident of making a suggestion for the given bug report; otherwise, it remains silent. In the evaluation on the Mozilla "Firefox" and "Core" packages, the two-phase model was able to make predictions for almost half of all bug reports; on average, 70 percent of these predictions pointed to the correct files. In addition, we compared the two-phase model with three other prediction models: the Usual Suspects, the one-phase model, and BugScout. The two-phase model manifests the best prediction performance.
Bending Characteristics of Foldable Touch Display Panel with a Protection Structure Design (2015)

The study proposes and demonstrates an enhancement of a touch display panel (TDP) through a polymer-based protection structure to achieve higher bendability and reliability. The bending performance of the TDP without or with the protection structure designs is addressed using three-dimensional geometry-nonlinear finite element analysis and mechanical testing. The elastic properties of the components in the TDP structure are derived from nanoindentation and uniaxial tensile/compressive testing. The calculated results are compared with each other and also against the experimental bending fatigue test data. At last, a design guideline and optimal factor setting for enhanced bending performance are sought through parametric FE analysis and Taguchi experimental design, respectively. The optimal design is compared with the original in terms of bending stress. The simulation results show that bending would create significant tensile and compressive bending stresses on the indium tin oxide/dielectric layers, which are the main cause of several commonly observed failures, such as thin film cracking and delamination, in a thin rigid film coating on a thick compliant substrate. It also turns out that a substrate with a lower stiffness has a better mechanical stability against bending stress.
Connected Coverage in Three-Dimensional Wireless Sensor Networks Using Convex Polyhedral Space-Fillers (2017)

The coverage problem of a three-dimensional (3D) space has similarity with the tiling problem in the same space, which can be formulated as follows: How can a 3D space be tiled by replicas of tiles? This is an instance of the second part of Hilbert's eighteenth problem [14], which is stated as follows: "What convex polyhedra exist for which a complete filling of all space is possible by juxtaposition of congruent copies?" In this paper, we propose a polyhedral framework to investigate the connected coverage problem in 3D homogeneous wireless sensor networks. First, we restrict the sensors' sensing sphere to a variety of convex polyhedral space-fillers. Our study aims to find the largest enclosed convex polyhedron space-filler in the sensors' sensing sphere, with a goal to maximize their utilized sensing volume. Second, based on this analysis, we select a minimum number of sensors to cover a 3D space for deterministic and random sensor deployment strategies. Third, we compute the ratio of the communication range to the sensing range of the sensors to ensure network connectivity. Fourth, we corroborate our analysis with various simulation results.
Synthesis and Characterization of Degradable Polar Hydrophobic Ionic Polyurethane Scaffolds for Vascular Tissue Engineering Applications (2009)

In tissue engineering, the ability to manipulate scaffold design characteristics is important to achieve functional tissue regeneration. In this study, degradable polar hydrophobic ionic polyurethane (D-PHI) porous scaffolds were synthesized using a lysine-based divinyl oligomer (DVO). Optimization studies on the DVO and D-PHI scaffold synthesis were conducted to maximize isocyanate and methacrylate monomer conversion, respectively. D-PHI scaffold properties were manipulated through the introduction of a lysine-based cross-linker. Specifically, increasing D-PHI cross-linker concentration resulted in an increase of the elastic modulus (0.5-21 MPa), a decrease of the elongation-at-yield (45-5%) and a reduction of scaffold swelling (170-100%). Based on a preliminary study with A10 vascular smooth muscle cells, D-PHI scaffolds demonstrated the ability to support cell adhesion and growth during 2 weeks of culture, suggesting their potential suitability for longer term vascular tissue engineering. The versatility of the D-PHI properties may allow for the tailoring of cell-material interaction and ultimately functional tissue regeneration.
All Polymer Solution Processed Electrochromic Devices: A Future without Indium Tin Oxide? (2018)

The growing range of applications for optoelectronic and electrochromic devices (ECDs) encourages the search for materials combining high electrical conductivity with optical transparency. Next generation transparent conducting electrodes (TCEs) are required to be inexpensive, lightweight, scalable, and compatible with flexible substrates to trigger innovations towards supporting sustainable living and reducing energy consumption. Here we show that PEDOT:PSS can be solution processed using blade coating and subsequently post-treated with nitric and acetic acid to raise its conductivity above 2000 S cm<sup>-1</sup> with a film transparency of ∼95%. A combined grazing-incidence wide angle X-ray scattering, atomic force microscopy, and thickness analysis of the film indicates that the removal of excess insulating PSS<sup>-</sup> inducing reordering is the critical parameter for the claimed conductivity increase. We then investigate the impact of replacing indium tin oxide electrodes with PEDOT:PSS in ECDs. While electrochromic contrast and optical memory are comparable for devices constructed with both electrode materials, differences in switching kinetics are explored by comparing internal resistances, ion diffusion, and charging effects in the polymer films extracted by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. While all these ideas are described based on a battery-type ECD configuration, these concepts are easily transferable to other types of redox-active devices.
Tracking On-Chip Age Using Distributed, Embedded Sensors (2011)

Recent works show bias temperature instability (BTI) is a detrimental hard-aging mechanism in CMOS circuit design. Negative BTI (NBTI) alone degrades circuit speed upwards of 20% over a 10 year life-span. Having the ability to track the actual aging process provides one method to reduce large design margins that are otherwise required to offset circuit aging. This work extends previous research by contributing a sensing scheme that employs on-chip sensors capable of accurately tracking NBTI pMOS current degradations across process, temperature, and varying activity factors. Results show that a 7600 <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$\mu{\hbox {m}}^{2}$</tex></formula> sensing area achieves an overall system accuracy of 90% at a voltage threshold precision of 2 mV. We thoroughly describe the sensor design and the underlying statistics used to determine overall accuracy and precision. Furthermore, a novel sensor distribution method is presented that uses an existing scan-chain methodology to mask the overhead of adding the on-chip sensors.
The Ectodomain Shedding of E-cadherin by ADAM15 Supports ErbB Receptor Activation (2008)

The zinc-dependent disintegrin metalloproteinases (a disintegrin and metalloproteinases (ADAMs) have been implicated in several disease processes, including human cancer. Previously, we demonstrated that the expression of a catalytically active member of the ADAM family, ADAM15, is associated with the progression of prostate and breast cancer. The accumulation of the soluble ectodomain of E-cadherin in human serum has also been associated with the progression of prostate and breast cancer and is thought to be mediated by metalloproteinase shedding. Utilizing two complementary models, overexpression and stable short hairpin RNA-mediated knockdown of ADAM15 in breast cancer cells, we demonstrated that ADAM15 cleaves E-cadherin in response to growth factor deprivation. We also demonstrated that the extracellular shedding of E-cadherin was abrogated by a metalloproteinase inhibitor and through the introduction of a catalytically inactive mutation in ADAM15. We have made the novel observation that this soluble E-cadherin fragment was found in complex with the HER2 and HER3 receptors in breast cancer cells. These interactions appeared to stabilize HER2 heterodimerization with HER3 and induced receptor activation and signaling through the Erk pathway, supporting both cell migration and proliferation. In this study, we provide evidence that ADAM15 catalyzes the cleavage of E-cadherin to generate a soluble fragment that in turn binds to and stimulates ErbB receptor signaling.
Sulfoxidation of thioethers using titanium silicate molecular sieve catalysts (1992)

Titanium silicate molecular sieves having MEL (TS-2) or MFI (TS-1) topology efficiently catalyse the oxidation of various thioethers to the corresponding sulfoxides and sulfones using dilute hydrogen peroxide (26 wt%) as an oxidising agent.
Low-temperature organometallic chemical vapor deposition of platinum (1988)

Impurity-free, polycrystalline films of platinum have been grown by the decomposition of cyclopentadienyl platinum trimethyl, CpPtMe3, in hydrogen and a noble gas over silicon or glass substrates heated to 180 °C. The films contain less than 1 at. % of oxygen and carbon, and no other detectable impurities, as measured by x-ray photoelectron and Auger spectroscopies after argon ion sputtering. Sheet resistivities are 50% greater than sputter-deposited platinum.
Quanta Image Sensor (QIS): Early Research Progress (2013)

Early research progress in the realization of the Quanta Image Sensor is reported. Simulation of binary data acquisition and image formation was performed. Initial analysis and simulation of a readout signal chain has been performed and bounds on power dissipation established. Photodetector device concepts have been explored using TCAD. (Invited1)