gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization and reactivity of α-Al2O3-supported Pt-Co bimetallic catalysts (1999)

Bimetallic Pt–Co and monometallic Pt and Co catalysts in as-prepared and reduced states were characterized by X-ray diffraction, temperature-programmed reduction, XPS and Farier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Temperature-programmed reduction and XPS results showed that the addition of platinum lowered the reduction temperature of cobalt oxides and simultaneously increased the amount of cobalt surface phase. The metallic Pt and Co in bimetallic Pt–Co catalysts was found to be highly dispersed in supports. In situ FTIR study of CO adsorption on catalysts confirmed that there was either strong interaction between metallic Pt and Co, or a Pt–Co bimetallic interphase was formed. The CO2 reforming of methane to synthesis gas was also investigated. Both Pt and Co in Pt–Co bimetallic catalysts exerted catalytic activity on CO2 reforming of methane. The coking was effectively inhibited over Pt–Co bimetallic catalysts, which was attributed to the formation of a Pt–Co bimetallic interphase and the increase of cobalt surface phase. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Human Cerebral Activation during Steady-State Visual-Evoked Responses (2003)

Flicker stimuli of variable frequency (2-90 Hz) elicit a steady-state visual-evoked response (SSVER) in the electroencephalogram (EEG) with the same frequency as the stimulus. In humans, the amplitude of this response peaks at approximately 15 Hz, decreasing at higher stimulation frequencies. It was not known whether this peak response corresponds to increased synaptic activity in the visual cortex or to other mechanisms [for instance, the temporal coherence (phase summation) of evoked responses]. We studied the SSVER in 16 normal volunteers by means of visual stimulation at 14 different frequencies (from 5 to 60 Hz) while recording the EEG. In nine subjects of the group, we measured regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) with positron emission tomography (PET)-H2(15)O at rest and during visual stimulation at five different frequencies: 5, 10, 15, 25, and 40 Hz. We confirmed that the amplitude of the SSVER in occipital regions peaks at 15 Hz stimulation. Applying to the PET rCBF data a contrast weighted by the amplitude of the SSVER, we determined that the primary visual cortex rCBF follows an activation pattern similar to the SSVER. This finding suggests that the amplitude of the SSVER corresponds to increased synaptic activity, specifically in Brodmann's area 17. Additionally, this study showed that visual stimulation at 40 Hz causes selective activation of the macular region of the visual cortex, and that a region in the dorsal aspect of the Crus I lobule of the left cerebellar hemisphere is activated during repetitive visual stimulation.
A track-before-detect algorithm using joint probabilistic data association filter and interacting multiple models (2014)

Detection of dim moving point targets in cluttered background can have a great impact on the tracking performances. This may become a crucial problem, especially in low-SNR environments, where target characteristics are highly susceptible to corruption. In this paper, an extended target model, namely Interacting Multiple Model (IMM), applied to Track-Before-Detect (TBD) based detection algorithm, for far objects, in infrared (IR) sequences is presented. The approach can automatically adapts the kinematic parameter estimations, such as position and velocity, in accordance with the predictions as dimensions of the target change. A sub-par sensor can cause tracking problems. In particular, for a single object, noisy observations (i.e. fragmented measures) could be associated to different tracks. In order to avoid this problem, presented framework introduces a cooperative mechanism between Joint Probabilistic Data Association Filter (JPDAF) and IMM. The experimental results on real and simulated sequences demonstrate effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Friction and wear of particulate and ME magnetic tapes sliding against a Mn-Zn ferrite head in a linear mode (1994)

The objective of this study is to identify differences in the friction and wear characteristics of various particulate and metal evaporated (ME) magnetic tapes. Co-/spl gamma/Fe/sub 2/O/sub 3/, CrO/sub 2/, metal particle (MP), barium ferrite (BaFe) and ME tapes were run against Mn-Zn ferrite head samples in a linear mode under accelerated conditions. Coefficient of friction was recorded and depth of wear on the contact surface of the ferrite samples was measured by an atomic force microscope using a newly developed "nano-scratch" technique. The Co-/spl gamma/Fe/sub 2/O/sub 3/, MP and BaFe tapes resulted in a much lower wear rate of the mating ferrite sample than the CrO/sub 2/ tape. MP and BaFe tapes resulted in a finely polished ferrite surface with original roughness eventually worn smooth. Some scratches were produced with all particulate tapes with heavier scratches in contact with Co/spl gamma/Fe/sub 2/O/sub 3/ and CrO/sub 2/ tapes. ME tape caused very little wear on ferrite with some mild abrasive action due to wear debris. Transfer of topical lubricant caused some agglomeration of this debris. ME tape showed a lower coefficient of friction against ferrite than the particulate tapes.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Preparation, Characterization, and Field-effect Transistor Performance of Benzo[1,2-<i>d</i>:4,5-<i>d</i>′]bisthiazole Derivatives (2008)

Abstract Benzo[1,2-d:4,5-d′]bisthiazole (BBT) derivatives were newly synthesized, and the crystal structure, optical and electrochemical properties were investigated. They were applied for organic field-effect transistors (OFET) as n-channel semiconductors. Although their thin films have relatively rough surface, the devices showed high-performance OFET characteristics. The thin film of 2 exhibited the electron mobility of 0.24 cm2 V−1 s−1.
Genome Organization and Reverse Genetic Analysis of a Type I Feline Coronavirus (2007)

In this study we report the complete sequence and genome organization of the serotype I feline coronavirus (FCoV) strain Black. Furthermore, a reverse genetic system was established for this FCoV strain by cloning a full-length cDNA copy into vaccinia virus. This clone served as basis for the generation of recombinant FCoV (recFCoV) that was shown to bear the same features in vitro as the parental FCoV. Using this system, accessory 3abc genes in the FCoV genome were replaced by green fluorescent protein (recFCoV-GFP) and Renilla luciferase genes (recFCoV-RL). In addition, we showed that feline CD14(+) blood monocytes and dendritic cells can be easily detected after infection with recFCoV-GFP. Thus, our established reverse genetic system provides a suitable tool to study the molecular biology of serotype I FCoV.
Suppression of Ethylene Responses Through Application of 1-Methylcyclopropene: A Powerful Tool for Elucidating Ripening and Senescence Mechanisms in Climacteric and Nonclimacteric Fruits and Vegetables (2008)

The discovery of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) as an inhibitor of ethylene action has provided yet another effective tool for understanding the role of this hormone in the development of higher plants. In the nearly 12 years since the description of the effects of this growth regulator on ethylene action, the subsequent introduction of stable formulations has resulted in an explosive increase in 1-MCP-targeted research, particularly, although not exclusively, in the discipline of postharvest science. The vicinal relationship between 1-MCP and postharvest biology is understandable in view of the established roles of ethylene, both beneficial and detrimental, in the handling and storage behaviors of a vast majority of harvested fruit and vegetative organs. The use of 1-MCP is proving to be supplemental to molecular approaches for identifying and understanding the spectrum of senescence and ripening processes under the direct control of ethylene perception. Climacteric fruits have served as the predominant target for investigations of 1-MCP, and the responses of these fruits have confirmed that the antagonist operates in opposition to ethylene. Studies of nonclimacteric fruits challenged with 1-MCP and other ethylene action inhibitors have identified both ethylene-dependent and ethylene-independent ripening processes and have posed interesting questions regarding the canonical distinctions between climacteric and nonclimacteric fruits.
Hypergraph Neural Networks (2019)

In this paper, we present a hypergraph neural networks (HGNN) framework for data representation learning, which can encode high-order data correlation in a hypergraph structure. Confronting the challenges of learning representation for complex data in real practice, we propose to incorporate such data structure in a hypergraph, which is more flexible on data modeling, especially when dealing with complex data. In this method, a hyperedge convolution operation is designed to handle the data correlation during representation learning. In this way, traditional hypergraph learning procedure can be conducted using hyperedge convolution operations efficiently. HGNN is able to learn the hidden layer representation considering the high-order data structure, which is a general framework considering the complex data correlations. We have conducted experiments on citation network classification and visual object recognition tasks and compared HGNN with graph convolutional networks and other traditional methods. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed HGNN method outperforms recent state-of-theart methods. We can also reveal from the results that the proposed HGNN is superior when dealing with multi-modal data compared with existing methods.
Low standby power state storage for sub-130-nm technologies (2005)

Handheld and other battery-powered ICs require process scaling to increase functional integration and reduce active power consumption. Scaling also increases leakage current components to the point where standby power is frequently a limiting design factor. A scheme combining low-leakage thick-gate shadow latches and high-performance transistors is presented that decouples performance from standby power in sub-130-nm technologies. Circuit design and operation, including pulse-clocked latches, use of dynamic circuits, and inclusion of scan is presented. The approach is validated by experimental results on a 90-nm process.
Diagnosis of Cell Internal Defects with Multi-cycle Test Patterns (2012)

In this paper we present a methodology to accurately diagnose cell internal defects when test patterns with multiple capture cycles are used. The multi-cycle test patterns can lead to more possible excitation conditions such that the existing extraction methods become less accurate. In addition, the realistic cell internal defects may produce different faulty values at different capture cycles, or only produce faulty values on some particular capture cycles. Thus the traditional logic diagnosis techniques may not accurately find the defective cells since most of them use stuck-at fault model to identify defect locations [1]. In the proposed methodology, we enhanced an excitation condition extraction procedure by back tracing from the observation points with fault effects during fault simulation to find the most possible input conditions that cause the fault effects. Additionally, a new method is proposed to locate defective cell locations without using stuck-at fault model. Experimental results on industrial designs proved the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.
Primate Tourism (2017)

Primate tourism is the use of nonhuman primates as the focus of tourism, with the aim of generating revenue and making conservation of primates and habitat worthwhile to local human populations. In practice, this oft‐touted conservation tool has been riddled with problems, calling into question whether it is helping or hurting conservation. Safari‐like primate tourism excursions, mainly focused on great apes, have shown the greatest efforts to manage tourism to limit negative impacts on primates, and are characterized here on the “high responsibility” end of an ecotourism spectrum. Nevertheless, there are still considerable problems, including compliance with adopted guidelines, and disease transmission. Monkey forests fall toward the “low responsibility” end of the spectrum, and show the most issues with habitat destruction and escalating aggression. Remarkably few efforts have focused on public education. If this neglect continues, there may be little hope for primate tourism to ever succeed as a conservation tool.
Animal Waste Utilization: Effective Use of Manure as a Soil Resource (1997)

Farmers and Manure Management: A Critical Analysis, P. Nowak, R. Shepard, and F. Madison Economic Issues in Animal Waste Management, D.L. Foster Sources of Manure: Swine, M.C. Brumm Managing Nutrients in Manure: General Principles and Applications to Dairy Manure in New York, D.R. Bouldin and S.D. Klausner Best Management Practices for Poultry Manure Utilization That Enhance Agricultural Productivity and Reduce Pollution, P.A. Moore, Jr. Cattle Feedout Manure and Wastewater Management Practices, John M. Sweeten Use of Manure on Grazing Lands, W.A. Phillips Impacts of Animal Manure Management on Ground and Surface Water Quality, A. Sharpley, J.J. Meisinger, A. Breeuwsma, J.T. Sims, T.C. Daniel, and J.S. Schepers Processing Manure: Physical, Chemical, and Biological Treatment, D.L. Day and T.L. Funk A Systems Engineering Approach for Utilizing Animal Manure, D.L. Karlen, J.R. Russell, and A.P. Mallarino Index
Treatment of Chronic Liver Injuries in Mice by Oral Administration of Ethanolic Extract of the Fruit of<i>Hovenia dulcis</i> (2007)

The present study examined the effects of an ethanolic extract of the fruit of Hovenia dulcis (EHD) on chronic hepatitis induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)) in mice. CCl(4) (5%; 0.1 ml/10 g body weight) was given twice a week for 9 weeks, and mice received EHD throughout the entire experimental period. Plasma activities of GPT and GOT, and hepatic levels of malondialdehyde were significantly lowered in mice treated with EHD as compared to mice treated with CCl(4) only. Histological evaluation showed that EHD could attenuate the liver fibrosis and necrosis caused by CCl(4). RT-qPCR analysis also showed that EHD treatment decreased hepatic collagen (alpha1)(I) and collagen (alpha1)(III) mRNA expressions. Chronic CCl(4) treatment caused liver injuries in mice, characterized by an increase in hepatic methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT) 2A gene expression, and decreased MAT1A gene expression. EHD significantly reduced the changes in MAT gene expression due to the chronic CCl(4) treatment. These results clearly demonstrate that the EHD can reduce hepatic injuries in mice induced by CCl(4).
Random Zero Vector Distribution PWM Algorithm for Direct Torque Control of Induction Motor Drive for Noise Reduction (2011)

The basic direct torque control algorithm gives large ripples in torque, flux and current in steady state, which results in acoustical noise and incorrect speed estimations. The conventional SVPWM algorithm gives good performance for control of induction motor drive, but it produces more acoustical noise resulting in increased total harmonics distortion. The random pulse width modulation (RPWM) techniques have become an established means for mitigation of undesirable side effects in adjustable speed ac drives in particular. Hence, to minimize these anomalies of the drive, this paper presents a random zero vector distribution (RZVDPWM) algorithm for direct torque controlled induction motor drive. The proposed random zero vector distribution PWM (RZVDPWM) algorithm distributes the zero state time between the two zero voltage vectors. To validate the proposed PWM algorithm, simulation studies have been carried out and results are presented and compared. From the results, it can be observed that the proposed RZVDPWM algorithm gives reduced acoustical noise when compared with space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) algorithm.
Generalized beam parameters and transformation laws for partially coherent light (1988)

The Wigner distribution function (WDF) is used to study the propagation of partially coherent beams through optical systems. The width and divergence of multimode beams are defined in terms of moments of the WDF. It is shown that these and other parameters of partially coherent beams of arbitrary form may be calculated using geometrical ray traces. Generalized transformation laws of these beam parameters by an ABCD optical system are obtained. These laws are tested experimentally for multimode beams and thin lenses. The applications of the ray tracing method can be extended to a non-ABCD system with mild aberrations.
Chimeric peptide beacons: a direct polypeptide analog of DNA molecular beacons (2007)

We have developed a new biosensor architecture, which is comprised of a polypeptide-peptide nucleic acid tri-block copolymer and which we have termed chimeric peptide beacons (CPB), that generates an optical output via a mechanism analogous to that employed in DNA-based molecular beacons.
Anthraquinone-2-sulfonic acid (AQ2S) is A Novel Neurotherapeutic Agent (2013)

Anthraquinone derivatives such as emodin have recently been shown to protect in models of beta amyloid β (Aβ) and tau aggregation-induced cell death. The mechanisms of action possibly involve preconditioning effects, anti-aggregation properties, and/or enhancing the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT survival mechanism. We studied several natural (emodin, rhein, and aloin) and synthetic (AQ2S) anthraquinones, to screen for post-treatment therapeutic benefit in two models of neuronal death, namely hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and staurosporine (STS)-induced injury. Treatment with emodin, rhein, or aloin failed to reduce H(2)O(2) injury. Moreover, consistent with emodin behaving like a mild toxin, it exacerbated oxidative injury at the highest concentration used (50 μM) in our post-treatment paradigm, and potently inhibited AKT. In contrast, AQ2S was neuroprotective. It reduced H(2)O(2) injury at 50 and 75 μM. In addition, AQ2S potently inhibited staurosporine (STS)-induced injury. The mechanisms of action involve caspase inhibition and AKT activation. However, blockade of AKT signaling with LY294002 failed to abolish AQ2S-mediated protection on the STS assay. This is the first study to report that AQ2S is a new neuroprotective compound and a novel caspase inhibitor.
Basic and Clinical Pharmacology (1982)

Basic and clinical pharmacology , Basic and clinical pharmacology , کتابخانه دیجیتال جندی شاپور اهواز
Dertnatologic Electrosurgery in Patients with Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators and Pacemakers (1998)

Knowledge of the potential electrosurgical interference with ICDs and pacemakers is required to perform these procedures safely. A perioperative management plan is suggested.
A comparison of wide bandwidth quadrature demodulators using computer modelling (1997)

In radar systems that need to measure target range and velocity accurately the transmitter and receiver chains use the same local oscillators. This ensures that the phase of the target return only contains the targets range information. The radar receiver demodulates the signal into inphase (I) and quadrature (Q) signals, using a quadrature demodulator. A conventional analogue quadrature demodulator is shown. The nature of demodulating one signal into two signal paths means that any imbalance in the characteristics of the paths causes an error (called the image) in the IQ samples. The image can appear as a target which does not exist and is therefore undesirable. Traditionally the demodulation has been performed using analogue components, then converting to digital once the signals are at baseband. With advances in ADC and DSP technology, digital methods are becoming possible at radar bandwidths. These techniques have been widely documented over the last few years. What has not been documented to our knowledge is a comparison of wide bandwidth quadrature demodulator techniques. That was the objective of a study by Racal Radar Defence Systems.
Seismic data analysis using local time‐frequency decomposition (2012)

ABSTRACT Many natural phenomena, including geologic events and geophysical data, are fundamentally nonstationary ‐ exhibiting statistical variation that changes in space and time. Time‐frequency characterization is useful for analysing such data, seismic traces in particular. We present a novel time‐frequency decomposition, which aims at depicting the nonstationary character of seismic data. The proposed decomposition uses a Fourier basis to match the target signal using regularized least‐squares inversion. The decomposition is invertible, which makes it suitable for analysing nonstationary data. The proposed method can provide more flexible time‐frequency representation than the classical S transform. Results of applying the method to both synthetic and field data examples demonstrate that the local time‐frequency decomposition can characterize nonstationary variation of seismic data and be used in practical applications, such as seismic ground‐roll noise attenuation and multicomponent data registration.
1T Capacitor-Less DRAM Cell Based on Asymmetric Tunnel FET Design (2014)

In this work we propose and demonstrate the use of a Tunnel FET (TFET) as capacitorless DRAM cell based on TCAD simulations and experiments. We report more experimental results on Tunnel FETs implemented as a double-gate (DG) fully-depleted Silicon-On-Insulator (FD-SOI) devices. The Tunnel FET based DRAM cell has an asymmetric body and a partial overlap of the top gate (L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">G1</sub> ) with a total overlap of the back gate over the channel region (L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">G2</sub> ). A potential well is created by biasing the back gate (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">G2</sub> ) in accumulation while the front gate (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">G1</sub> ) is in inversion. Holes from the p+ source are injected by the forward-biased source/channel junction and stored in the electrically induced potential well. Programming conditions and related transients are reported and the role of temperature is investigated.
Lubrication of Rough Surfaces by a Boundary Film-Forming Viscosity Modifier Additive (2005)

In previous work it was shown that some functionalized polymers used as viscosity index improvers are able to form thick boundary lubricating films. This behavior results from adsorption of the polymer on metal surfaces to form a layer of enhanced viscosity adjacent to the surface. In the current work the behavior of one such polymer in rough surface contact conditions is studied, using both model and real rough surfaces. It is found that the polymer is able to form a thick boundary film in rough surface contact, just as it does with smooth surfaces. It is also shown that the effect of this boundary film is to significantly reduce friction in rolling-sliding, rough surface, lubricated contact.