gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Protein 2 Acidic Domain Forms a Complex with a Novel Cellular Coactivator That Can Interact with TFIIE (1995)

Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 2 (EBNA 2) activates transcription of specific genes and is essential for B-lymphocyte transformation. EBNA 2 has an acidic activation domain which interacts with general transcription factors TFIIB, TFIIH, and TAF40. We now show that EBNA 2 is specifically bound to a novel nuclear protein, p100, and that p100 can coactivate gene expression mediated by the EBNA 2 acidic domain. The EBNA 2 acidic domain was used to affinity purify p100. cDNA clones encoding the p100 open reading frame were identified on the basis of peptide sequences of the purified protein. Antibody against p100 coimmunoprecipitated p100 and EBNA 2 from Epstein-Barr virus-transformed lymphocyte extracts, indicating that EBNA 2 and p100 are complexed in vivo. p100 overexpression in cells specifically augmented EBNA 2 acidic domain-mediated activation. The coactivating effect is probably mediated by p100 interaction with TFIIE. Bacterially expressed p100 specifically adsorbs TFIIE from nuclear extracts, and in vitro-translated p56 or p34 TFIIE subunit can independently bind to p100. p100 also appears to be essential for normal cell growth, since cell viability was reduced by antisense p100 RNA and restored by sense p100 RNA expression.
PET of Somatostatin Receptor–Positive Tumors Using <sup>64</sup>Cu- and <sup>68</sup>Ga-Somatostatin Antagonists: The Chelate Makes the Difference (2011)

This article demonstrates the strong dependence of the affinity and pharmacokinetics of the somatostatin-based radioantagonists on the chelator and radiometal. (64)Cu- and (68)Ga-NODAGA-LM3 and (64)Cu-CB-TE2A-LM3 are promising candidates for clinical translation because of their favorable pharmacokinetics and the high image contrast on PET scans.
Open reading frames UL44, IRS1/TRS1, and UL36-38 are required for transient complementation of human cytomegalovirus oriLyt-dependent DNA synthesis (1993)

Previous results showed that plasmids containing human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) oriLyt are replicated after transfection into permissive cells if essential trans-acting factors are supplied by HCMV infection (D. G. Anders, M. A. Kacica, G. S. Pari, and S. M. Punturieri, J. Virol. 66:3373-3384, 1992). We have now used oriLyt as a reporter of HCMV DNA replication in a transient complementation assay in which cotransfected cosmid clones, instead of HCMV infection, provided essential trans-acting factors. Complemented replication was oriLyt dependent and phosphonoformic acid sensitive and produced tandem arrays typical of HCMV lytic-phase DNA synthesis. Thus, this assay provides a valid genetic test to find previously unidentified genes that are essential for DNA synthesis and to corroborate functional predictions made by nucleotide sequence comparisons and biochemical analyses. Five cosmids were necessary and sufficient to produce origin-dependent DNA synthesis; all but one of these required cosmids contain at least one candidate homolog of herpes simplex virus type 1 replication genes. We further used the assay to define essential regions in two of the required cosmids, pCM1017 and pCM1052. Results presented show that UL44, proposed on the basis of biochemical evidence to be the HCMV DNA polymerase accessory protein, was required for complementation. In addition, three genomic regions encoding regulatory proteins also were needed to produce origin-dependent DNA synthesis in this assay: (i) IRS1/TRS1, which cooperates with the major immediate-early proteins to activate UL44 expression; (ii) UL36-38; and (iii) the major immediate-early region comprising IE1 and IE2. Combined, these results unequivocally establish the utility of this approach for mapping HCMV replication genes. Thus, it will now be possible to define the set of HCMV genes necessary and sufficient for initiating and performing lytic-phase DNA synthesis as well as to identify those virus genes needed for their expression in human fibroblasts.
Affective Computing and Sentiment Analysis (2016)

Understanding emotions is an important aspect of personal development and growth, and as such it is a key tile for the emulation of human intelligence. Besides being important for the advancement of AI, emotion processing is also important for the closely related task of polarity detection. The opportunity to automatically capture the general public's sentiments about social events, political movements, marketing campaigns, and product preferences has raised interest in both the scientific community, for the exciting open challenges, and the business world, for the remarkable fallouts in marketing and financial market prediction. This has led to the emerging fields of affective computing and sentiment analysis, which leverage human-computer interaction, information retrieval, and multimodal signal processing for distilling people's sentiments from the ever-growing amount of online social data.
MicroRNA Regulation of Cancer Stem Cells (2011)

Cancer stem cells (CSC), or cancer cells with stem cell properties, have been reported in many human tumors and are thought to be responsible for tumor initiation, therapy resistance, progression, relapse, and metastasis. Despite their potential clinical importance, how CSCs are regulated at the molecular level is not well understood. MicroRNAs (miRNA), small noncoding RNAs that play critical roles in normal stem cell functions during development, have emerged as important regulators of CSCs as well. In this review, we summarize the current major findings of miRNA regulation of various CSCs and discuss our recent findings that miR-34a suppresses prostate CSCs and metastasis by directly repressing CD44. This recent progress has important implications for understanding how CSCs are intricately regulated by networks of miRNAs and for developing novel mechanism-based miRNA therapeutics that specifically target CSCs.
Surface modification of poly(ethylene-co-acrylic acid) with amino-functionalized silica nanoparticles (2011)

In this work we studied the possibility to achieve a hybrid-surface through the modification, via a facile wet chemical process, of the surface of films of poly(ethylene-co-acrylic acid) (EAA) with amino-modified silica nanoparticles. Films of EAA were preliminarily activated by the introduction of –COCl groups on their surface. Silica nanoparticles were thereafter covalently bound on the polymeric surface as confirmed by FTIR, ATR-FTIR, XPS, NMR and SEM determinations. The nanoparticles formed a multilayer on the film surface and covered almost uniformly the whole film surface. Direct measurements of superficial amino groups by titration allowed us to detect a concentration of about 18 nmol cm−2. The presence of this uniform layer of nanoparticles bearing polar groups strongly changed the wettability of the material as confirmed by static contact angle measurements that passed from 87° of the neat EAA to about 30° of the amino-functionalized silica nanoparticles modified material.
Heritability of Test Day Somatic Cell Counts and Its Relationship with Milk Yield and Protein Percentage in Dairy Ewes (1998)

A total of 6620 monthly test day records of SCC, milk yield, and protein percentage from single lactations of 2374 Spanish Churra ewes from 10 flocks was used to estimate genetic and environmental parameters. A subset of 4278 records containing data from healthy udders (SCC < or = 250,000 cells/ml) was also analyzed. Genetic parameters were estimated by REML using an animal model. Herd test date, parity, and lactation stage contributed significantly to variation of most variables, and birth type significantly affected milk yield only. The SCC increased markedly as parity number and stage of lactation increased. Heritabilities (+/- SE) for test day milk yield, log SCC, protein percentage, and log SCC (< or = 250,000 cells/ml) were 0.18 (0.03), 0.09 (0.02), 0.16 (0.03), and 0.03 (0.02), respectively. The corresponding repeatabilities were 0.54, 0.38, 0.38, and 0.10. Genetic correlations of log SCC with milk yield and protein percentage were -0.23 and 0.18, respectively. Phenotypic correlations were -0.15 and 0.16. Genetic and environmental reduction of SCC for dairy ewes could be achieved using practices similar to those for dairy cows. The negative genetic correlation between milk yield and SCC suggested that selection for increased milk yield alone is expected to result in a decrease in SCC.
Parole supervision and reoffending (2014)

Although more than 12,000 offenders are on parole at any given time, little is known about the effectiveness of parole supervision in reducing reoffending. The few studies that have been conducted involve samples of parolees released from prison in other countries. The present study is the first to evaluate the effectiveness of parole supervision in Australia. It compares several groups of offenders, matched in terms of the factors likely to affect reoffending, but differing in terms of whether they are supervised and if supervised, in terms of the intensity of supervision. The results suggest that parole supervision does reduce the risk of reoffending.
Box—Behnken design applied to study the strengthening of aluminate concrete modified by a superabsorbent polymer/clay composite (1997)

A statistical model derived from a Box—Behnken design with three variables was used to evaluate the effect on the mechanical properties of concrete of the amount of a superabsorbent polymer/clay composite (SAPC) added, the grain size of the SAPC, and the cement/water ratio. The SAPC used as an additive in the preparation of aluminate cement paste and concrete promoted an increase in the compressive strength, the modulus of elasticity as well as the split tensile strength.
An Airline Overbooking Model (1971)

A model for determining airline overbooking policies is presented. The problem is formulated as a nonhomogeneous Markovian sequential decision process. Solutions that are optimal in several different senses are obtained with the aid of dynamic programming. An example based upon airline data illustrates the character of the policies and the sensitivity of the model with respect to certain parameters.
Ketocoumarins as photosensitizers and photoinitiators (1983)

Abstract Several 3‐ketocoumarins with alkoxy or dialkylamino substituents in the 7 position, which are efficient sensitizers for crosslinkable polymers, were evaluated as photoinitiators. Proper combinations of certain derivatives of these ketocoumarins with activators such as amines, acetic acid derivatives, and alkoxypyridinium salts gave quantum yields for initiated radical polymerization much higher than that obtained from the Michler's ketone/benzophenone combinations. For each class of activators the dependence of the efficiency of polymerization on the redox properties of the ketocoumarins is explained in terms of charge transfer or electron transfer from the activator to the excited ketocoumarin (acetic acid and amine activators, respectively) or electron transfer in the opposite direction (pyridinium salt activators).
Predicting the priority of a reported bug using machine learning techniques and cross project validation (2012)

In bug repositories, we receive a large number of bug reports on daily basis. Managing such a large repository is a challenging job. Priority of a bug tells that how important and urgent it is for us to fix. Priority of a bug can be classified into 5 levels from PI to P5 where PI is the highest and P5 is the lowest priority. Correct prioritization of bugs helps in bug fix scheduling/assignment and resource allocation. Failure of this will result in delay of resolving important bugs. This requires a bug prediction system which can predict the priority of a newly reported bug. Cross project validation is also an important concern in empirical software engineering where we train classifier on one project and test it for prediction on other projects. In the available literature, we found very few papers for bug priority prediction and none of them dealt with cross project validation. In this paper, we have evaluated the performance of different machine learning techniques namely Support Vector Machine (SVM), Naive Bayes (NB), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) and Neural Network (NNet) in predicting the priority of the newly coming reports on the basis of different performance measures. We performed cross project validation for 76 cases of five data sets of open office and eclipse projects. The accuracy of different machine learning techniques in predicting the priority of a reported bug within and across project is found above 70% except Naive Bayes technique.
Surface-functionalized silica microsphere lasers (2003)

Er-doped sol gel films are applied to the surface of silica microspheres to create low threshold microcavity lasers. By varying the thickness of the applied sol-gel layer, both continuous wave and pulsating modes of operation are possible.
Sol-Gel Optics (1993)

In the past decade, sol-gel processing has been actively employed for the preparation of new ceramics and for the fabrication of ceramics into many complex geometries. Sol-gel processig is particularly suitable for optical materials. The application of sol-gel technology to the synthesis and fabrication of optical materials is termed “Sol-gel optics.” A review is presented on the basic principles of the sol-gel process and examples are given for some important materials in sol-gel optics. These include many configurations of silica glass, organic-impregnated glasses, organically modified ceramics (ORMOCERS), ferroelectric thin films, amorphous ferroelectrics, nonlinear optical nanocomposites and gradient index lenses. Some future developments in sol-gel optics are discussed.
On the synthesis of fiber Bragg gratings by layer peeling (2001)

Two methods for grating synthesis which have appeared in the literature recently are compared directly. In particular, we point out the similarity between the two; both algorithms are based on propagation of the fields through the structure with simultaneous evaluation of the coupling coefficient according to simple causality arguments (layer-peeling algorithms). The first published method (the discrete layer-peeling algorithm) is reformulated in a simpler, more efficient way, and it is shown that its implementation can be made exact. For mathematical comparison, a derivation of the second method (the continuous layer-peeling algorithm) is presented. The methods are compared both mathematically and numerically. We find that the discrete layer-peeling algorithm is significantly faster and can be more stable than its continuous counterpart, whereas the continuous algorithm offers some advantages in flexibility.
X-Ray Mask Technology (1985)

The technology for manufacturing boron nitride x-ray masks used with a palladium anode x-ray source is described. There are important relationships between LPCVD boron nitride process parameters and critical membrane properties. The LPCVD process variables affect the alignment wavelength transmittance, membrane tension, and tension uniformity, the latter properties having significant influence on mask flatness. Subtractive patterning of the gold x-ray absorber layer is easily accomplished using tantalum layers as etch stops. Additive patterning by electroplating is a promising technique for producing x-ray masks for submicron imaging.
MicroRNA15a modulates expression of the cell-cycle regulator Cdc25A and affects hepatic cystogenesis in a rat model of polycystic kidney disease (2008)

Hyperproliferation of bile duct epithelial cells due to cell-cycle dysregulation is a key feature of cystogenesis in polycystic liver diseases (PCLDs). Recent evidence suggests a regulatory role for microRNAs (miRNAs) in a variety of biological processes, including cell proliferation. We therefore hypothesized that miRNAs may be involved in the regulation of selected components of the cell cycle and might contribute to hepatic cystogenesis. We found that the cholangiocyte cell line PCK-CCL, which is derived from the PCK rat, a model of autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD), displayed global changes in miRNA expression compared with normal rat cholangiocytes (NRCs). More specific analysis revealed decreased levels of 1 miRNA, miR15a, both in PCK-CCL cells and in liver tissue from PCK rats and patients with a PCLD. The decrease in miR15a expression was associated with upregulation of its target, the cell-cycle regulator cell division cycle 25A (Cdc25A). Overexpression of miR15a in PCK-CCL cells decreased Cdc25A levels, inhibited cell proliferation, and reduced cyst growth. In contrast, suppression of miR15a in NRCs accelerated cell proliferation, increased Cdc25A expression, and promoted cyst growth. Taken together, these results suggest that suppression of miR15a contributes to hepatic cystogenesis through dysregulation of Cdc25A.
Development synthesizer of stable high-frequency signal (2016)

Variants of the frequency synthesizer capable multiply and divide the input frequency were analyzed. To multiply the frequency of synthesizer a phase locked loop (PLL) was used. Variants of voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) for the PLL, and low-pass filter (LPF) were considered, justifying the choice of used schemes. Synchronization block was added to developed synthesizer for redundancy possibility. Developed synthesizer circuit was simulated at different temperatures and voltages. Simulations have shown that the PLL loop working in the multiplication mode converges to a required frequency and covers the predetermined frequency under all specified operating conditions. In frequency division mode the synchronization also runs successfully.
A 900-MHz T/R switch with a 0.8-dB insertion loss implemented in a 0.5-μm CMOS process (2002)

A single-pole, double-throw transmit/receive switch for 3.0-V applications has been fabricated in a 0.5-/spl mu/m CMOS process. The switch exhibits a 0.8-dB insertion loss and a 17-dBm P/sub 1dB/. The low insertion loss is achieved by optimizing the transistor widths and bias voltages, and by minimizing the substrate resistances, while the high 1 dB compression point is achieved by DC biasing the input and output nodes.
Diffusion-Convolutional Neural Networks (2015)

We present diffusion-convolutional neural networks (DCNNs), a new model for graph-structured data. Through the introduction of a diffusion-convolution operation, we show how diffusion-based representations can be learned from graph-structured data and used as an effective basis for node classification. DCNNs have several attractive qualities, including a latent representation for graphical data that is invariant under isomorphism, as well as polynomial-time prediction and learning that can be represented as tensor operations and efficiently implemented on the GPU. Through several experiments with real structured datasets, we demonstrate that DCNNs are able to outperform probabilistic relational models and kernel-on-graph methods at relational node classification tasks.
Fluorescence characteristics of six 4,7-disubstituted benzofurazan compounds: an experimental and semi-empirical MO study (1999)

To elucidate the factors which determine the fluorescence characteristics (fluorescence quantum yield (Φ), maximum excitation/absorption and emission wavelengths) of 4,7-disubstituted benzofurazan compounds, we have studied the excitation and emission (or relaxation) processes of six typical 4,7-disubstituted benzofurazan compounds. The absorption and fluorescence spectra of these compounds were measured in twenty different solvents and the molecular orbitals relating to excitation and emission (or relaxation) were calculated with semi-empirical methods. The absorption/excitation and emission were ascribed to the electronic transition between HOMO and LUMO. The order of energy gaps between HOMO and LUMO of the 4,7-substituted benzofurazan compounds at the optimized geometry of the ground state agreed with the order of the maximum absorption/excitation energy in vapor phase obtained with the Taft–Kamlet treatment. The order of energy gaps at the optimized geometry of the excited state also agreed with the order of the maximum emission energy in the vapor phase obtained with the Taft–Kamlet treatment. The energy levels of the S1 state of the 4,7-disubstituted benzofurazan compounds were just under the energy level of the T2 state. The order of the energy gaps between the S1 state and the T2 state of the 4,7-disubstituted benzofurazan compounds agreed with the order of the fluorescence quantum yield (Φ) in cyclohexane. These results show that the maximum absorption/excitation, emission wavelengths and the fluorescence quantum yields (Φ) of the 4,7-disubstituted benzofurazan compounds are determined by the energy gaps between the HOMO and LUMO energy at the geometry of the ground state, of the excited state and the energy gap between the S1 and T2 states, respectively.
Compact scintillating-fiber/450-nm-laser transceiver for full-duplex underwater wireless optical communication system under turbulence (2021)

The growing need for ocean monitoring and exploration has boosted underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) technology. To solve the challenges of pointing, acquisition, and tracking (PAT) in UWOC technology, herein, we propose a 450-nm-laser/scintillating-fiber-based full-duplex (FD)-UWOC system for omnidirectional signal detection in real scenarios. The FD-UWOC system has a -3 dB bandwidth of 67 MHz with a low self-interference level of -44.59 dB. It can achieve a 250-Mbit/s data rate with on-off keying modulation scheme. The system's robustness was validated by operating over 1.5-m underwater channel with air-bubble-, temperature-, salinity-, turbidity-, and mobility-induced turbulence with a low outage probability. Under air-bubble-induced turbulence, the highest outage probability was 28%. With temperature-, salinity-, and turbidity-induced turbulence, the system performed adequately, showing a highest outage probability of 0%, 3%, and 4%, respectively. In mobile cases, the highest outage probability of the FD-UWOC system was 14%, compared to an outage probability of 100% without utilizing the fluorescent optical antenna. To further validate its robustness, a deployment test was conducted in an outdoor diving pool. The system achieved a 250-Mbit/s data rate over a 7.5-m working distance in the stationary case and a 1-m working range in the mobile case with a 0% outage probability. The scintillating-fiber-based detector can be employed in UWOC systems and would help relieve PAT issues.
Summary of RTCA SC-159 GPS Integrity Working Group Activities (1996)

Working Group 5 of RTCA Special Committee (SC)-159 has spent the past several years working on the problem of GPS fault detection and exclusion (FDE) for a primary-means navigation system that can support oceanic en route through nonprecision approach modes of flight. The results of this working group's activities have been incorporated into RTCA/DO-229, Minimum Operational Performance Standards (MOPS) for GPS/WAAS Airborne Equipment, and will also serve as a baseline for the GPS/GLONASS and GPS/INS MOPS. The purpose of this paper is to provide a history of the development of the FDE requirements, algorithms, and test procedures, as well as a summary of the main issues addressed by the GPS Integrity (FDE) Working Group.
ViSQOLAudio: An objective audio quality metric for low bitrate codecs (2015)

Streaming services seek to optimise their use of bandwidth across audio and visual channels to maximise the quality of experience for users. This letter evaluates whether objective quality metrics can predict the audio quality for music encoded at low bitrates by comparing objective predictions with results from listener tests. Three objective metrics were benchmarked: PEAQ, POLQA, and VISQOLAudio. The results demonstrate objective metrics designed for speech quality assessment have a strong potential for quality assessment of low bitrate audio codecs.