gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multicenter Evaluation of the Mycobacteria Growth Indicator Tube for Testing Susceptibility of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> to First-Line Drugs (1999)

In a multicenter study involving three reference centers for mycobacteria, the reliability of the Mycobacteria Growth Indicator Tube (MGIT) for rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was evaluated and compared to the radiometric method (BACTEC 460TB). Test cultures for which the results of the MGIT and BACTEC 460TB tests were discordant were checked by the conventional proportion method on solid medium. Four hundred forty-one isolates have been tested for susceptibility to isoniazid (INH), rifampin (RMP), ethambutol (EMB), and streptomycin (SM). Discrepant results were obtained for three isolates (0.7%) with INH (susceptible by MGIT, resistant by BACTEC 460TB), for four isolates (0.9%) with RMP (susceptible by MGIT, resistant by BACTEC 460TB), for six isolates (1.9%) with EMB (four susceptible by MGIT, resistant by BACTEC 460TB; two resistant by MGIT, susceptible by BACTEC 460TB), and for four isolates (0.9%) with SM (two susceptible by MGIT, resistant by BACTEC 460TB; two resistant by MGIT, susceptible by BACTEC 460TB). When cultures with discordant results were tested by the conventional proportion method, about half of the cultures yielded results similar to the BACTEC 460TB results, while the other half yielded results similar to the MGIT results. Turnaround times were 3 to 14 days (median, 8.8 days) for MGIT and 3 to 15 days (median, 7.8 days) for BACTEC 460TB. There was no statistically significant difference between the susceptibility testing results of the two methods (P > 0.05). These data demonstrate that the MGIT system is an accurate, nonradiometric alternative to the BACTEC 460TB method for rapid susceptibility testing of M. tuberculosis.
Characterization of human placental beta-hexosaminidase I2. Proteolytic processing intermediates of hexosaminidase A. (1990)

The lysosomal hydrolase beta-hexosaminidase (beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase, EC 3.2.1.52) exists as two major isozymes in normal human tissue: an acidic A-form and a basic B-form. There are also minor forms of intermediate pI known as I-forms. Increases in one or more of these intermediates have been associated with various disease states. Although the two major isozymes have been extensively studied, the structure and biosynthetic origins of the I-forms are unknown. Characterization of a placental hexosaminidase I-form, presented in this report, demonstrates that it is composed of two forms of partially processed hexosaminidase A. The major form contains an intact pro-alpha chain and a pro-beta chain lacking 2 residues from its amino terminus (Ala and Arg). The minor form also contains an alpha and a beta subunit, but each has undergone further proteolytic processing. The amino terminus of each of these partially processed polypeptide chains matches one of those previously found on stable processing intermediates in a single normal human fibroblast cell line. These data confirm that similar processing intermediates exist in human placenta, suggesting that this I-form lacks a unique enzymatic function in vivo. A sequence of normal proteolytic processing events is postulated.
Elastic and Photoelastic Properties of TeO2 Single Crystal (1969)

Elastic stiffness, acoustic absorption, and photoelastic constants of the crystal have been determined at room temperature using ultrasonic light diffraction and pulse-echo methods. Two acoustic modes have been found to be particularly useful to acousto-optical applications: One is the shear mode propagated in the [110] direction with displacement along [1̄10], which is characterized by a remarkably high acousto-optical figure of merit, M (n6p2/ρv3) = 793×10−18 sec3/g; and the other is the longitudinal mode along [001] with high figure of merit defined taking account of frequency bandwidth, M′ (n7p2/ρv) = 142×10−7 cm2·sec/g, and low acoustic loss.
Motion capture and visualization of the hip joint with dynamic MRI and optical systems (2004)

Abstract We present a methodology for motion tracking and visualization of the hip joint by combining MR images and optical motion capture systems. MRI is typically used to capture the subject's anatomy while optical systems are used to capture and analyse the relative movement between adjacent bones of the joint. Reflective markers are attached to the subject's skin and their trajectories are tracked and processed. However, the skin surface deforms while in motion due to muscle contraction leading to significant errors in the estimation of trajectories. In order to reduce these errors, we use MR images to capture both the anatomy and the trajectories of the bone. Prior to the scanning, we attach skin markers to the subject in order to analyse the markers displacements relative to the bone. We reconstruct the anatomical models of the subject and we compute the markers trajectories from the images. Using these calculated trajectories, we select the best markers configuration based on the criteria of markers displacements. The optimized configuration is used for recording external movements with the optical motion capture system. The resulting animation is mapped onto the virtual body of the subject including internal bones and the joint motion is visualized. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Ternary CuIn<sub>7</sub>Se<sub>11</sub>: Towards Ultra‐Thin Layered Photodetectors and Photovoltaic Devices (2014)

A few-layered ternary Cu-In-Se compound is synthesized, the photoconductivity is measured, and 2D photovoltaic devices are fabricated. Few-layered CuIn7 Se11 has a strong photoresponse and the potential to serve as the active medium in ultra-thin photovoltaic devices.
Thin film magnetic recording (1991)

Magnetic recording now dominates the data, video, and audio storage for both professional and consumer applications. The technology has improved immensely as understanding of the physics of recording and reproducing processes is gained. Advances in recording materials and processes for fabricating components, especially with the thin film media and heads, have contributed in a major way to extending the performance of magnetic recording technology into different industries. Some examples of magnetic thin films applicating for recording media and heads studied in Information Storage Research Centre of Shanghai Jiao Tong University are described.
Methods of addressing the interactions of intelligent network services with embedded switch services (1988)

A key factor in the transition of the existing network to an intelligent network (IN) environment is the need to partition the network intelligence and to ensure the coexistence of the embedded switch services with the externally controlled services. If the network intelligence can be defined by entities (e.g. access control and routing, connection control, basic call control, feature control, etc.), then the issue is how to manage their distribution over the evolving network elements (NEs). The authors focus on the early phases of the IN, during a 1991-2 time frame, when these features must interwork with the existing features (e.g. those within the Centrex service). They provide an overview of the features interactions and arbitration policies prevailing in today's network. They then describe the framework for both single- and multinode networked features models. The issues of call control distributed over the NEs of the IN are treated as extensions to the concepts and interfaces needed to provide networked services like areawide Centrex and private virtual networks. A model for offering IN/1+ services is described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
10,11,12,13-Tetrahydro Derivatives of Tylosin. II. Synthesis, Antibacterial Activity and Tissue Distribution of 4'-Deoxy-10,11,12,13-tetrahydrodesmycosin. (1995)

4'-Deoxy-10,11,12,13-tetrahydrodesmycosin was prepared in six-step reactions. Antibacterial screening shows retained antibacterial spectrum of tylosin with some improvement against tylosin-sensitive Staphylococci and Haemophilus influenze. However, the pharmacokinetic data demonstrated rapid distribution from blood in tissues and prolonged maintenance in all tissues, especially in the lungs, in comparison with tylosin.
The predictive power of online chatter (2005)

An increasing fraction of the global discourse is migrating online in the form of blogs, bulletin boards, web pages, wikis, editorials, and a dizzying array of new collaborative technologies. The migration has now proceeded to the point that topics reflecting certain individual products are sufficiently popular to allow targeted online tracking of the ebb and flow of chatter around these topics. Based on an analysis of around half a million sales rank values for 2,340 books over a period of four months, and correlating postings in blogs, media, and web pages, we are able to draw several interesting conclusions.First, carefully hand-crafted queries produce matching postings whose volume predicts sales ranks. Second, these queries can be automatically generated in many cases. And third, even though sales rank motion might be difficult to predict in general, algorithmic predictors can use online postings to successfully predict spikes in sales rank.
Plan of Action of eBay (2020)

As the development of Internet and the increase in Internet users, online shopping becomes popular among the world. This essay will investigate one of the famous e-commerce companies in the world: eBay. We will identify its business model, marketing mix and some problems it faces. Thus, we could give suggestions to its further development.
Two-way powered microcontroller-based plastic bottles ‘drop-and-tap’ reverse vending machine with stored value system using radio frequency identification (RFID) scanner technology (2017)

To help address Metro Manila's garbage problem, the researchers constructed a Reverse Vending Machine to help promote proper waste management system inside Colegio de San Juan de Letran. At the heart of the system is a microcontroller which directs the operation of the various input (sensors and keypad) and output (display and motors) devices attached to it. The machine accepts plastic bottles and credits these as points, which in turn, can be used to buy products. Operation of the machine exhibited accuracy in recognizing RFID accounts, distinguishing between plastic and non-plastic bottles, storage or updating of points of each account, and dispensing products. The machine was able to run on either commercial power or solar power. The addition of the solar panel and battery not only provides a renewable source of energy but also serves as back-up power in the event of commercial power outage. Survey results showed that the Colegio accepts the idea of having a Reverse-Vending Machine and believes that the adoption of the machine will improve the current waste segregation scheme of the Colegio.
Ultrasonic Evaluation of Thin, Fiber-Reinforced Laminates (1994)

This paper reports on the characterization of one-or two-ply, unidirectional and [0,90,0] t , cross-ply graphite/epoxy laminates whose thicknesses were approximately 145 μm, 275 μm and 400 μm, respectively. The measurements are based on the application of the ultrasonic point-source/pointreceiver technique (PS/PR) using either a focused laser beam operating as a dipole source or a small aperture, piezoceramic shear transducer serving as a monopole source. Detection of the signals is with a piezoceramic sensor that directly responds to the lateral or shear motions of the specimen surface. The detected time signals represent the detailed spatial and temporal characteristics of the elastic wave field. The experimental group velocity data is analyzed using a simple plane-wave, plane-stress model that describes the propagation of quasi-longitudinal and quasi-transverse membrane waves in the plane of the plate. We demonstrate in this paper the strength of the PS/PR measurement technique when coupled with appropriate signal processing to recover the stiffness tensor of thin, fiberreinforced laminates. Additionally, preliminary experimental results on the detection of flaws in thin specimens from in-situ measurements are included.
2. Grundlagen und Begriffe (2015)

Innerhalb der EU wird die Fusionskontrolle auf zwei vertikal nachgelagerten Ebenen durchgeführt, der europäischen und der nationalen Instanz. Da beide Ebenen nicht unverbunden sind, ergibt sich ein mehrdimensionales Kompetenzproblem. Die Fusionskontrollkompetenzen sind vertikal (europäische versus mitgliedstaatliche Ebene) und horizontal (mitgliedstaatliche Ebene) abgegrenzt. Während auf vertikaler Ebene konkurrierende Zuständigkeiten ausgeschlossen sind, sind horizontal Überlappungen möglich.
Venous needle dislodgement during hemodialysis: An unresolved risk of catastrophic hemorrhage (2005)

Venous line disconnection or needle dislodgement during hemodialysis with resultant hemorrhage is a potentially lethal event. The risk is compounded by the frequent failure of standard dialysis machines to detect the event, as blood flow through the venous needle typically creates enough back pressure to prevent venous pressure alarms even if the needle is completely out of the patient's AV access. Manufacturers are well aware of the risk and device literature contains specific warnings about it. The FDA publishes reports on its website about these events; so far this year there have been seven reported events with five deaths. Informal sources indicate that the actual (unreported) occurrence is much more frequent; we are aware of four additional events within our region alone. Efforts to reduce the risk include protocols requiring the access needles to always be visible, and use of enuresis detection devices. Anecdotal experience with these efforts suggests they are not highly effective. Protocols requiring documentation of more frequent needle site checks or alternate methods of securing the needles have not been formally evaluated. However, such efforts do not address the primary problem: there is a need for an engineered solution to this problem. Requirements for such a solution include: reliable detection of needle position and blood flow discrepancies, a useful alarm, and feedback to stop the blood pump. Persistence of this problem raises issues of regulatory oversight.
The Polish Resistance Movement in Second World War (1986)

The European Resistance Movement provides us with one of the more engaging and captivating stories of the Second World War, and the Polish Resistance Movement has a central place in that story. Yet, the history and the struggles of the Polish Resistance are not well known. Few people are aware, therefore, of the Polish Underground’s reports about the German extermination of Jews and about German preparations for the invasion of the Soviet Union; the penetration of the German rocket center at Peenemunde by Polish agents, or the fact that Poles delivered into Allied hands the plans and actual parts of German V-2 rocket engines.
Estimating the Predictive Value Of a Diagnostic Test (1993)

The diagnostic process consists of a series of steps in which the estimated probability of particular disease is increased or decreased until either treatment can be instituted or the diagnosis excluded. The history and physical exam play an important role. If a therapeutic decision cannot confidently be made on clinical grounds alone, a diagnostic test may confirm or exclude a diagnosis or clearly indicate the need for further testing. An inappropriately chosen test or misinterpreted test result, however, may mislead the clinician and possibly harm the patient or simply be wasteful. Estimating the predictive values of a diagnostic test will help to avoid these pitfalls. This article shows the clinician a simplified way to do this.
Review: <i>Principles of Modern Biology</i>, by Douglas Marsland (1961)

Book Review| October 01 1961 Review: Principles of Modern Biology, by Douglas Marsland Principles of Modern BiologyDouglas Marsland P. K. P. K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar The American Biology Teacher (1961) 23 (6): 366–367. https://doi.org/10.2307/4439625 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation P. K.; Review: Principles of Modern Biology, by Douglas Marsland. The American Biology Teacher 1 October 1961; 23 (6): 366–367. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/4439625 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentThe American Biology Teacher Search This content is only available via PDF. Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
HIV-associated nephropathy: virologic issues related to renal sclerosis (2003)

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) associated nephropathy (HIVAN) is the most common disease delineated in biopsy series of patients with HIV infection and renal disease. Although the renal histologic lesions in patients with HIV infection present a spectrum of findings, several groups have emphasized characteristic clinical and pathologic features of HIVAN. Consensus has since been reached that HIVAN has a distinctive pathology, consistent with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, but involving all subunits of the kidney. Several studies have linked the pathogenesis of focal glomerulosclerosis to abnormalities of the glomerular epithelial cell. Recent advances in molecular histologic studies and treatment link the pathogenesis of HIVAN to factors associated with the viral lifecycle. Cytopathic effects of HIV gene products, apoptosis mediated by HIV infection, the elaboration of chemokines and cytokines as a result of viral or host protein synthesis in patients with genetic susceptibility to nephropathy, and the subversion of the host metabolic and synthetic machinery by the virus might be sufficient to create a rapidly progressive disease. If HIV infects and has cytopathic effects on glomerular epithelial cells, and dysfunction of these cells is intimately related to the pathogenesis and progression of renal disease, a reasonable pathogenic mechanism for the development of HIVAN may be inferred. The similarities of HIVAN and the collapsing variant of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis pose the intriguing possibility that the latter is a viral illness as well. The disease is marked by glomerular sclerosis with varying degrees of collapse, tubular epithelial cell degeneration, simplification, microcystic dilatation, interstitial fibrosis and immune cell infiltration. At the level of electron microscopy, tubular reticular inclusions in renal endothelial cells are a typical, but not pathognomonic feature of HIVAN.
Asymmetric Internet access over satellite-terrestrial networks (1996)

DirecPC's Turbo Internet is a low-cost hybrid high-speed digital transmission system which uses receive-only satellite links for downstream data delivery and public telephone networks at modern speeds to provide the upstream communications path. One of the services provided is high-speed Internet access based on an asymmetric TCP/IP protocol. Our principle objective is to lower cost and efficiently provide high bandwidth access to Internet services such as file transfer, the World Wide Web, and the MBONE. In the initial protocol implementation, we achieved four times higher throughput than that of today's high-speed modems alone. This throughput can be further enhanced. This paper presents two techniques, TCP spoofing and selective acknowledgment dropping, which significantly increase the overall throughput of the hybrid network. Our approach does not require any modification to the TCP/IP protocol stacks on the end hosts. The solutions proposed in this paper could be used to improve TCP/IP performance of other hybrid networks which have the disadvantage of high bandwidth-delay products and/or low bandwidth-return paths. (Author)
Full Flow: Optical Flow Estimation By Global Optimization over Regular Grids (2016)

We present a global optimization approach to optical flow estimation. The approach optimizes a classical optical flow objective over the full space of mappings between discrete grids. No descriptor matching is used. The highly regular structure of the space of mappings enables optimizations that reduce the computational complexity of the algorithm's inner loop from quadratic to linear and support efficient matching of tens of thousands of nodes to tens of thousands of displacements. We show that one-shot global optimization of a classical Horn-Schunck-type objective over regular grids at a single resolution is sufficient to initialize continuous interpolation and achieve state-of-the-art performance on challenging modern benchmarks.
The year 2005 – An environmental status report of the Baltic Sea (2006)

BANSAI - The BAltic and North Sea marine environmental modelling Assessment Initiative Two numerical ecosystem models are used to analyse the ecosystem health of the Baltic Sea in the year 2005 in relation to the target and reference levels in the planned Baltic Sea Action Plan of HELCOM. The results of models run at Finnish Institute of Marine Research (FIMR) and Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI) show that in all Baltic Sea regions there are locations which can be considered as eutrophication problem areas based on HELCOM (2006) classification. The same conclusion can be drawn also according to a comparison with Alg@line results from sea areas as Arkona Basin, Bornholm Basin, Eastern Gotland Basin, Northern Gotland Basin and Gulf of Finland. The winter concentrations of dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) were high in all Baltic Sea regions except Bothnian Bay (and Bothnian Sea according to the SMHI model). In the Arkona Basin and the Bornholm Basin the DIP concentrations were exceptionally high according to Alg@line measurements. According to the models, the algae blooming was remarkable approximately on 30 % of summer days in the Arkona Basin, eastern regions of Eastern Gotland Basin (including Lithuanian open waters and Gdansk Deep), Gulf of Finland and northern Bothnian Bay. The chlorophyll a concentration of 2 mg m-3 (exceeding the HELCOM acceptable deviation levels) the concentration of 3 mg m-(indicating remarkable algal bloom) was exceeded for more than 60% and 30% of summer days, respectively, in the Arkona Basin, eastern regions of Eastern Gotland Basin (including Lithuanian open waters and Gdansk Deep), Gulf of Finland and northern Bothnian Bay according to both models. Alg@line 2005 chlorophyll a concentrations were lower than the Alg@line-references in the Arkona and Bornholm Basin, but higher than on Alg@line-references in other regions. The oxygen concentration in the bottom layers was under the critical limit (of 2 mg/l) for living organisms most of the year in northern parts of the Eastern and Western Gotland Basins and in the Northern Gotland basin.
Depth map enhancement based on Z-displacement of objects (2013)

A depth map enhancement algorithm based on Z-displacement of objects is presented in this paper. Most depth map enhancement algorithms utilize either the spatial or temporal information only. In this paper, information in another dimension, Z-displacement, is utilized to enhance the depth map of videos by estimating the scale change of objects. Our experimental results show that the proposed scale changing detection method has higher accuracy and lower complexity compared with the conventional scale changing detection approaches such as normalized gradient correlation. Based on the estimated scale change, the proposed depth map enhancement corrects the depth map by estimating the Z-displacement of objects in the 3D space. Experimental results demonstrate that better depth maps and visual quality of view synthesis are achieved by the proposed method as compared to the state-of-arts.