gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Integrated ${LCC} $ Compensation Topology for Wireless Charger in Electric and Plug-in Electric Vehicles (2014)

This paper presents an integrated <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$LCC$</tex-math></inline-formula> compensation topology for electric vehicle/plug-in hybrid electric vehicle wireless chargers. The effect of the coupling between the additional coil and the main coil on the <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$LCC$</tex-math></inline-formula> compensation topology is studied. The proposed topology will reduce the size of the additional coil and make the system more compact with extremely high efficiency. The basic characteristics of the proposed topology are analyzed based on fundamental harmonic approximation. Furthermore, based on the steady-state model, three categories of operation modes are presented and analyzed. In order to realize zero-voltage switching, the series capacitor <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$C_{2} $</tex-math></inline-formula> on the secondary side is tuned. A numerical method is used to analyze the impact of different values of <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Delta C_{2}$</tex-math></inline-formula> on the turnoff current, and the best value of <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$C_{2}$</tex-math></inline-formula> is chosen to build a prototype to verify the analysis.
Chiral ethylenebis(4,5,6,7‐tetrahydro‐1‐indenyl) complexes of zirconium and hafnium: separation and application to asymmetric polymerization (1997)

Abstract Optical resolution of ethylenebis(4,5,6,7‐tetrahydro‐1‐indenyl) complexes of zirconium and hafnium was performed by using cellulose tris(3,5‐dimethylphenylcarbamate) coated on silica‐gel (Chiralcel OD) as a chiral stationary phase for HPLC. The biphenyl‐2,2′‐diolate complexes were completely resolved with the highest separation factor. The isolated enantiomerically pure hafnocenes were applied for the asymmetric cyclopolymerization of 1,5‐hexadiene.
Photoluminescence spectra of C60 molecules embedded in porous Si (1995)

The photoluminescence (PL) spectra of C60 molecules embedded in porous Si through both physical deposition and chemical coupling were measured. In addition to the PL peak of porous Si, a peak at 730 nm caused by perfect C60 molecules and other peaks at 620 and 630 nm caused by imperfect C60 molecules were observed. The peak at 620 nm measured in the sample with physically deposited C60 is induced by C60 adsorbed on the Si atoms of the pore wall, while the peak at 630 nm measured in the sample with chemically coupled C60 molecules is caused by the coupled C60 molecules. At room temperature, the PL intensity of C60 embedded in the porous Si is obviously enhanced, and the transfer of carriers from porous Si grains into adjacent C60 is considered to be responsible for the PL enhancement.
Streaming Video Using Dynamic Rate Shaping and TCP Congestion Control (1998)

We present a new technique for streaming real time video on today's Internet, based ondynamic rate shapingandTCP congestion control. Dynamic rate shaping is a signal processing technique that adapts the rate of compressed video (MPEG-1, MPEG-2, H.26x) to dynamically varying bandwidth constraints. This provides an interface (or filter) between the source and the network, with which the encoder's output (either live or stored) can be perfectly matched to the network's available bandwidth. We couple this adaptation capability with the use of a new semi-reliable protocol that uses the TCP congestion window to pace the delivery of data into the network, but without using other TCP algorithms that are poorly suited to real time media. Use of TCP congestion control ensures that the protocol competes fairly with all other TCP data and that it optimally shares the available bandwidth. It also avoids the latency problems commonly associated with TCP. In addition, we describe a real application that uses this approach to stream MPEG video on the Internet. We present several experiments, performed in both a controlled environment and the wide area Internet, that were used to evaluate the effectiveness and fairness of the scheme. The results show that the proposed solution achieves superior video quality while at the same time providing fairness by sharing bandwidth equally with other non-real-time connections.
Comparative-high resolution melting: a novel method of simultaneous screening for small mutations and copy number variations (2013)

Efficient and cost-effective screening for DNA sequence changes, both small mutations and copy number variations (CNVs), is a crucial aspect for routine genetic diagnostics as well as for basic research. In this study we present a development and evaluation of comparative-high resolution melting (C-HRM), a new approach for the simultaneous screening of small DNA changes and gene CNVs. In contrast to other methods, relative quantification in C-HRM is based on the results obtained during the melting process and calculations of the melting peak height ratio in the multiplex reaction. Validation of the method was conducted on DNA samples from 50 individuals from Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) families, 50 probands diagnosed with familial adenomatous polyposis and a control group of 36 women and 36 men. The results of analyses conducted on fragments of the DMD and APC genes correspond completely (100 %) with the results of previous studies. C-HRM sensitivity in CNV detection was assessed through the analysis of mixed DNA samples with different proportions of a deletion carrier and wild type control. The results are presented as a linear regression with R 2 of 0.9974 and imply the capability of the method to detect mosaics. C-HRM is an attractive and powerful alternative to other methods of point mutations and CNV detection with 100 % accuracy in our studied group.
Hyperspectral Image Denoising Using a Spatial–Spectral Monte Carlo Sampling Approach (2015)

Hyperspectral image (HSI) denoising is essential for enhancing HSI quality and facilitating HSI processing tasks. However, the reduction of noise in HSI is a difficult work, primarily due to the fact that HSI consists much more spectral bands than other remote sensing images. Therefore, comparing with other image denoising jobs that rely primarily on spatial information, efficient HSI denoising requires the utilization of both spatial and spectral information. In this paper, we design an unsupervised spatial-spectral HSI denoising approach based on Monte Carlo sampling (MCS) technique. This approach allows the incorporation of both spatial and spectral information for HSI denoising. Moreover, it addresses the noise variance heterogeneity effect among different HSI bands. In the proposed HSI denoising scheme, MCS is used to estimate the posterior distribution, in order to solve a Bayesian least squares optimization problem. Based on the proposed scheme, we iterate all pixels in HIS and denoise them sequentially. A referenced pixel in hyperspectral image is denoised as follows. First, some samples are randomly drawn from image space close to the referenced pixel. Second, based on a spatial-spectral similarity likelihood, relevant samples are accepted into a sample set. Third, all samples in the accepted set will be used for calculating the estimation of posterior distribution. Finally, based on the posterior, the noise-free pixel value is estimated as the discrete conditional mean. The proposed method is tested on both simulated and real hyperspectral images, in comparison with several other popular methods. The results demonstrate that the proposed method is capable of removing the noise largely, while also preserving image details very well.
Laparoscopic Entry Techniques (2008)

On the basis of evidence investigated in this review, there appears to be no evidence of benefit in terms of safety of one technique over another. However, the included studies are small and cannot be used to confirm safety of any particular technique.
HMDS Treatment of Ordered Mesoporous Silica Film for Low Dielectric Application (2008)

In order to reduce signal delay in ULSI, an intermetal material of low dielectric constant is required. Ordered mesoporous silica film is proper to intermetal dielectric due to its low dielectric constant and superior mechanical properties. The ordered mesoporous silica film prepared by TEOS (tetraethoxysilane) / MTES (methyltriethoxysilane) mixed silica precursor and Brij-76 surfactant was surfacemodified by HMDS (hexamethyldisilazane) treatment to reduce its dielectric constant. HMDS can substitute -Si(CH₃)₃ groups for - OH groups on the surface of silica wall. In order to modify interior silica wall, HMDS was treated by two different processes except the conventional spin coating. One process is that film is dipped and stirred in HMDS/n-hexane solution, and the other process is that film is exposed to evaporated HMDS. Through the investigation with different HMDS treatment, it was concluded that surface modification in evaporated HMDS was more effective to modify interior silica wall of nano-sized pores.
[Behavioral and electroencephalographic study of 7-chloro-1-methyl-5-phenyl-1 H-1,5-benzodiazepine-2,4-(3H,5H)-dione (clobazam)]. (1983)

Behavioral and electroencephalographic effects of clobazam (CBZ), a 1, 5 benzodiazepine, were investigated in mice, rats and rabbits and compared with the effects of diazepam (DZP) and chlordiazepoxide (CDP). In EEG studies of rabbits, CBZ, DZP and CDP at doses of 2-10 mg/kg, i.v., caused a drowsy pattern, i.e., high voltage slow waves in the frontal cortex and the desynchronization of hippocampal theta wave. EEG arousal responses induced not only by auditory stimulation but also by electric stimulation of the mesencephalic reticular formation were inhibited by CBZ; CBZ was less potent than DZP, but more potent than CDP. On hypothalamic self-stimulation behavior of rats, low rate responses induced by low current brain stimulation, VI or DRL procedure were increased by oral administration of the three drugs. CBZ was less potent than DZP in the above respondings, but the same potency as CDP in VI or DRL responding and more potent in low rate responding induced by low current stimulation. The preventive effect of CBZ on MES convulsion in mice was less potent than DZP, but 2.5 times as potent as CDP. The preventive effect of CBZ was 1.3 times as potent as DZP and 2.5 times as potent as CDP. CBZ reduced the hyperemotionality of olfactory bulbectomized rats, and this effect was less than DZP in suppressing muricide. The muscle relaxant effect of CBZ in inclined screen and rotarod tests of mice was less than that of DZP. CBZ was 2.2 times as potent as CDP in potentiating thiopental sleep in mice, but less than DZP. These results indicate that CBZ is qualitatively similar to 1, 4 benzodiazepines, DZP and CDP, and is more potent than CDP, but less potent than DZP.
Chemokine and cytokine processing by matrix metalloproteinases and its effect on leukocyte migration and inflammation (2007)

The action of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) was originally believed to be restricted to degradation of the extracellular matrix; however, in recent years, it has become evident that these proteases can modify many nonmatrix substrates, such as cytokines and chemokines. The use of MMP-deficient animals has revealed that these proteases can indeed influence the progression of various inflammatory processes. This review aims to provide the reader with a concise overview of these novel MMP functions in relation to leukocyte migration.
Identifying Marketing Approaches Used In The Romanian Mandatory Car Insurance Market - A Marketing Research - (2012)

The mandatory car insurance market is becoming a significant one in value and a highly competitive one. Every individual and organization owning a vehicle must pay the yearly mandatory car insurance. In this paper we aimed to identify marketing approaches used by companies offering mandatory car insurance services in Romania.The main conclusion of this study is that the mandatory car insurance companies which are active in Romania make use of a tremendous number of marketing strategies and tactics covering a broad spectrum of aspects beginning with the environment screening and ending with the company adaptation to the peculiarities of the market.
Optimization of Source and Channel Coding for Voice Over IP (2005)

Voice over Internet protocol (VoIP) applications must typically choose a tradeoff between the bits allocated for forward error correcting (FEC) and that for the source coding to achieve the best speech quality at a given packet loss rate. In this paper, we present a new scheme to optimize the speech quality subject to the bandwidth constraints and the packet loss rate. The scheme adopts adaptive multi-rate (AMR) speech codec along with a FEC scheme based on exclusive OR (XOR) operations. Retransmission is also taken into account if the round trip time (RTT) is within a certain limit. We use a simplified E-model as objective metric. Subjective listening tests show that our scheme improves the perceptual speech quality significantly compared to the non-adaptive baseline speech transmission system.
Density Evolution Analysis of Protograph-Based Braided Block Codes on the Erasure Channel (2010)

A threshold analysis of terminated braided block codes (BBCs) is presented for the binary erasure channel. Protograph based BBCs (PG-BBCs) are considered, which can be derived by lifting the Tanner graph of a tightly braided block code. They can be interpreted as GLDPC convolutional codes that are structured in a particular way. It is shown that the terminated PG-BBCs have better thresholds than their GLDPC block code counterparts. Simulation results are presented to confirm the computed asymptotic thresholds.
Structural Engineering with NiTi. I: Basic Materials Characterization (2007)

The overarching goal of this two-part paper is to provide a more unified understanding of NiTi shape memory alloys intended for use in structural engineering applications. Here, we present results from basic materials characterization of large diameter polycrystalline NiTi bars. Deformation processed bars with diameters of 12.7, 19.1, and 31.8mm and various heat treatments were characterized at multiple length scales. Transmission electron microscopy revealed a nanometer scale precipitate structure present in the heat-treated, but not as-received bars. Spatial crystallographic texture measurements performed with electron backscatter diffraction, reveal a ⟨111⟩ texture along the longitudinal bar drawing axis in the majority of the bar, with a secondary longitudinal ⟨110⟩ component near the center of the bars. The prominence of the ⟨110⟩ texture increases with decreasing bar diameter or increasing percentage of deformation processing. Transformation temperatures and hardness were measured on samples extracted from the bars and are shown to depend strongly on bar heat treatment, but not bar diameter. The fine coherent precipitate structure induced during low temperature aging places transformation temperatures in the pseudoelastic range at room temperature and can be used to tailor material hardness.
POTASSIUM FLUORIDE ON CELITE. A VERSATILE REAGENT FOR C-, N-, O-, AND S-ALKYLATIONS (1979)

Abstract Celite coated with potassium fluoride was found to be an effective and economical reagent for hydrogen-bond-assisted reactions. C-, N-, O-, and S-alkylations were conveniently performed in high yields under mild conditions.
A scalable, Web-based architecture for hierarchical network management (2003)

We present a hierarchical, Web- and platform-based network management architecture for resolving problems of scalability, management efficiency, and manager autonomy in large, multiple domain networks. The proposed architecture consists of multiple domain managers and a manager of managers, each responsible for a different management domain, and each can run independently or cooperatively. The structure of the SuperDomain, an implemented network management system, based on this architecture is outlined. The manager-to-manager communication mechanism based on the extensible SNMP Trap feature is discussed.
Application of pressure sensitive paint to ice accreted wind tunnel models (2000)

Pressure-sensitive paint (PSP) has been successfully used to measure global surface pressures on an ice-accreted model in an icing wind tunnel at NASA Glenn Research Center. Until now, the PSP technique has been limited to use in normal wind tunnels and clear flight environments. This is the first known application of PSP directly to ice in subfreezing conditions. Several major objectives were achieved in these tests. The procedure for applying the coating in the subfreezing tunnel environment was verified. Inspection of the painted ice surface revealed that the paint did not alter the original ice shape and adhered well over the entire coated area. Several procedures were used to show that the paint responded to changes in air pressure and that a repeatable pressure-dependent calibration could be achieved on the PSP-coated surfaces. Differences in pressure measurements made simultaneously on the ice and the metal test model are not yet fully understood, and techniques to minimize or correct them are being investigated.
Increasing the reliability of structured P2P networks (2006)

Third generation P2P networks try to reduce the high signaling overhead observed in unstructured P2P networks by means of proactive routing. Therefore, a deterministically structured overlay network is established between the participating peers by making use of distributed hash tables (DHT). To ensure the correct execution of lookups it is crucial to keep up the network structure. The Chord protocol already proposes an efficient stabilize algorithm that works well in networks with low churn rates. However, as nodes join and leave the network more frequently, inconsistencies within the network structure appear, because the network is not capable of reacting fast enough to all changes in the topology. In this paper the authors proposed a modified stabilize algorithm that is based on available token techniques from ring networks. While decreasing the overhead in the network, a more stable overlay structure is established.
Classification of software behaviors for failure detection (2009)

Software is a ubiquitous component of our daily life. We often depend on the correct working of software systems. Due to the difficulty and complexity of software systems, bugs and anomalies are prevalent. Bugs have caused billions of dollars loss, in addition to privacy and security threats. In this work, we address software reliability issues by proposing a novel method to classify software behaviors based on past history or runs. With the technique, it is possible to generalize past known errors and mistakes to capture failures and anomalies. Our technique first mines a set of discriminative features capturing repetitive series of events from program execution traces. It then performs feature selection to select the best features for classification. These features are then used to train a classifier to detect failures. Experiments and case studies on traces of several benchmark software systems and a real-life concurrency bug from MySQL server show the utility of the technique in capturing failures and anomalies. On average, our pattern-based classification technique outperforms the baseline approach by 24.68% in accuracy.
History of LISP (1978)

This paper concentrates on the development of the basic ideas and distinguishes two periods - Summer 1958 through Summer 1958 when most of the key ideas were developed (some of which were implemented in the FORTRAN based FLPL), and Fall 1958 through 1962 when the programming language was implemented and applied to problems of artificial intelligence. After 1962, the development of LISP became multi-stranded, and different ideas were pursued in different places.
Functionalization of oxide-free silicon surfaces (2013)

Much of the microelectronic industry and many uses of silicon are based on the stability of silicon oxide and the electrical quality of its interface with the silicon substrate. It is natural therefore to have focused on functionalizing silicon by grafting molecules on its oxide. However, severe issues are associated with organic functionalization of silicon oxide, such as reproducibility in grafting the layers and quality and stability of these layers once grafted. These problems have stimulated recent efforts to prepare and functionalize high quality oxide-free siliconsurfaces. In this review, methods for transforming such oxide-free,hydrogen-terminated siliconsurfaces are presented, including hydrosilylation (the formation of silicon carbon bonds) and direct replacement of hydrogen by reactive leaving groups (halogens, methoxy, and hydroxyl). These efforts are based on a number of complementary characterization methods, such as infrared absorption and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, low energy ion scattering, and capacitance/current voltage measurements. In contrast to previous work on the subject, the focus of this review is on controlled defects on Si(111) surfaces with aim to better understand the surface structure of siliconnanoparticles, the smallest Si object with the highest number of defects. To that end, sections on preparation and selective functionalization of stepped siliconsurfaces are included, and the current characterization and understanding of siliconnanoparticles added. The outlook on where the field may be going is presented.
Time- and frequency-domain spreading assisted MC DS-CDMA using interference rejection spreading codes for quasi-synchronous communications (2005)

In this contribution, we considered a time-frequency (TF)-domain spreading aided MC DS-CDMA system, which employed so-called generalized orthogonal spreading codes exhibiting an interference free window (IFW). Provided that the propagation delay differences of the different users are within this IFW, no multiuser interference is inflicted, and hence a near-single-user performance may be attained without invoking a multiuser detector. As an additional benefit, the proposed MC DS-CDMA system is capable of extending the width of the IFW in comparison to a conventional DS-CDMA system. Furthermore, it is capable of achieving a significantly higher frequency diversity gain in comparison to a single-carrier DS-CDMA system while reducing the MUD complexity.