gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Excel 2002 Bible (2001)

From the Publisher:
If Excel 2002 can do it, you can do it too You, too, can excel! All you need is the expert advice of leading Excel authority John Walkenbach, a.k.a. Mr. Spreadsheet and Brian Underdahl. Whenever you get stuck or want to use a new Excel tool or feature  whether it's using the new Smart Tags feature, setting up a simple function, or doing advanced stuff like ToolPak data analysis, putting XML data on the Web, or VBA programming  just open this comprehensive reference and discover everything you need to master Excel 2002. Inside, you'll find complete coverage of Excel 2002
*Illustrate data with charts, drawings, maps, and other graphics
*Simplify repetitive tasks using new tools that make formulas and functions a snap
*Consolidate and juggle multiple worksheets in a single workbook
*Analyze data with PivotTables, what-if scenarios, Goal Seeking and Solver, or the Analysis ToolPak
*Import data from databases, other Microsoft Office XP applications, and the Web
*Automate Excel using templates, VBA macros, and custom worksheet functions
*Share documents across a corporate intranet or the Internet
*Save worksheets as HTML or XML documents and publish them on your Web page
Zero-Voltage-Switching Multiresonant Three-Level Converters (2007)

This paper proposes a family of zero-voltage-switching multiresonant three-level converters (ZVS-MR-TLCs), which are derived by adding a ZVS-MR multiresonant network to the TLCs. The arrangement of a multiresonant network results in the absorption of all the major parasitic components in the resonant circuit, including the switch output capacitor, diode junction capacitor, and transformer leakage inductor. Compared with the two-level multiresonant converters (MRCs), the proposed converters achieve ZVS in a wider load range and reduce the voltage stress on the switches and diodes, and the filter can be reduced significantly. The Buck ZVS-MR-TLC is taken as the example to illustrate the operation principle, characteristics, and advantages over the two-level Buck ZVS-MRC. An interleaved control strategy and a voltage control of the flying capacitor for the new converters are presented in detail. A 1-kW high-voltage-input railway charger prototype converter is built in our lab to verify the theoretical analysis and the effectiveness of the interleaved control strategy and flying capacitor voltage control method
Impact of the reduction of the gate to drain capacitance on low voltage operated CMOS devices (2002)

The effect of the gate to drain capacitance on low voltage operated CMOS devices is investigated. It is found that the Miller and feed-forward effects are enhanced with the reduction of the supply voltage. The reduction of the gate overlap capacitance as well as the threshold voltage and junction capacitance is a key issue to achieve high speed circuit operation at low supply voltage. We propose a low power, high speed T-gate CMOS device with dual gate structure using an amorphous-Si/poly-Si layer. A new process scheme is proposed to prevent boron penetration and to fabricate the T-gate structure effectively. It is found that the new T-gate CMOS with dual gate structure reduces the gate to drain overlap capacitance maintaining high current drivability at low power-supply voltage.
Changes in Tibiofemoral Joint Space Following Total Knee Arthroplasty During Weight-Bearing Knee Motion (2009)

Increasing the range of knee flexion following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) remains an important objective for design of new implants and advancement of surgical techniques. With the excellent long term (10–15 year) outcome of TKA, surgeons are more confident about performing the procedure on younger, more active patients demanding increased range of knee flexion [1–3]. Numerous factors have been linked to limited flexion (&lt;120°) following TKA, including patient factors such as preoperative range of motion, intraoperative factors such as component malposition, and implant design [1–3]. Extensor mechanism overstretching due to overstuffing of the knee joint is hypothesized to be a contributing factor limiting knee flexion [1–4]. However, no study to date has investigated the changes in tibiofemoral joint space following TKA. The aim of this study was to examine pre- and post-operative tibiofemoral joint space in a group of TKA patients during weight-bearing knee flexion and to compare it to that in the normal/healthy knee. This could help determine if changes in the proximal-distal distance between the femur and the tibia (tibiofemoral joint space) could lead to extensor mechanism overstretching and consequently limited range of flexion.
Estudio epidemiológico de Toxocara sp. y Ancylostoma sp. en canes y paseos Públicos de los distritos I al V de Santa Cruz de la Sierra (2006)

Different helmintos that affect dogs are transmitted the man and are potential source of infection when contaminating the public areas, the objectives of the...
Combining Topology and Sequence Design for the Discovery of Potent Antimicrobial Peptide Dendrimers against Multidrug‐Resistant <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (2014)

Multidrug-resistant opportunistic bacteria, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, represent a major public health threat. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and related peptidomimetic systems offer an attractive opportunity to control these pathogens. AMP dendrimers (AMPDs) with high activity against multidrug-resistant clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii were now identified by a systematic survey of the peptide sequences within the branches of a distinct type of third-generation peptide dendrimers. Combined topology and peptide sequence design as illustrated here represents a new and general strategy to discover new antimicrobial agents to fight multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens.
Parametric analysis of interfacial stress concentrations in porous coated implants (1990)

Abstract Porous coated Ti‐6Al‐4V has a high‐cycle fatigue strength that is approximately one‐third the strength of the uncoated material. Stress concentrations at the interface between the porous coating and the substrate contribute to this fatigue strength reduction. Modification of the interfacial geometry may reduce the severity of the stress concentrations. The interface between the porous coating and substrate was modeled using two‐dimensional finite element analysis. This analysis identified geometric parameters that affect the value of the stress concentration factor, K t . The effect of five geometric parameters on K t was determined: contact area between porous coating and substrate ( CA ), sinterneck radius ( r ), porous coating particle radius ( R ), interparticle distance ( d ), and interparticle sintering. Increased contact areas, decreased sinterneck radii, and decreased interparticle distances increased K t , while porous coating particle size had a small effect on K t . Sintering between neighboring porous coating particles increased K t at the outermost sinternecks, but decreased K t at inner sinternecks. The results can help predict how varying these coating parameters can reduce stress concentrations in a porous coated material.
Changes in Controlled-release Functions of Pulverized Low-substituted Hydroxypropylcellulose by Wet Granulation. (1992)

Pulverized L-HPC (low-substituted hydroxypropylcellulose, LH41) is used as a controlled-release matrix filler, depending on the amount of loading in its formulation. The flowability and packability of the L-HPC particles in drugs were facilitated by wet granulation to improve their availabilities for practical uses. Controlled-release functions of the L-HPC were reserved through granulation with ethanol, whereas they were lost during granulation with water. The differences in the controlled release functions of agglomerated L-HPC were explained in terms of their swelling properties, depending on the type of slovent used for the granulation.
Scavenger-Receptor Targeted Photodynamic Therapy¶ (2000)

Covalent conjugation of a photosensitizer to a ligand that specifically recognized and internalized by a cell-surface receptor may be a way of improving the selectivity of photodynamic therapy (PDT). The class A Type-I scavenger receptor of macrophages, which among other ligands recognizes maleylated serum albumin and has a high capacity is a good candidate for testing this approach. Chlorin(e6) was covalently attached to bovine serum albumin to give conjugates with molar substitution ratios of 1:1 and 3:1 (dye to protein), and these conjugates could then be further modified by maleylation. A novel way of purifying the conjugates by acetone precipitation was developed in order to remove traces of unbound dye that could not be accomplished by size-exclusion chromatography. Conjugates were characterized by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and thin-layer chromatography. Photosensitizer uptake was measured by target J774 murine macrophage-like cells and nontarget OVCAR-5 human ovarian cancer cells, and phototoxicity was examined after illumination by a 660 nm diode laser by a tetrazolium assay. All of the purified conjugates were taken up by and after illumination killed J774 cells while there was only small uptake and no phototoxicity toward OVCAR-5 cells. The higher dye:protein ratio and maleylation of the conjugates both produced higher uptakes and lower survival ratios in J774 cells. The uptake and phototoxicity by J774 cells were decreased after incubation at 4 degrees C demonstrating internalization, and confocal microscopy with organelle-specific green fluorescent probes showed largely lysosomal localization. Uptake and phototoxicity by J774 cells could both be competed by addition of the scavenger receptor ligand maleylated albumin. These data show that scavenger receptor-targeted PDT gives a high degree of specificity toward macrophages and may have applications in the treatment of tumors and atherosclerosis.
Spreading sequences for zero-forcing DS-CDMA multiuser detectors (2002)

In the past, different multiuser detectors for asynchronous code-division multiple-access communications have been proposed, many of them may be characterized as zero-forcing detectors, e.g., the decorrelation detector. We show that linear interference cancellation schemes are asymptotically zero-forcing which means that they are equivalent to the decorrelating detector if the number of stages approaches infinity. These detectors have been found to be superior to the conventional matched filter detector. However, the design of spreading sequences optimized especially for these receivers has not been considered up to now. Usually, spreading sequences are designed to have a low peak correlation parameter. Pursley (1977) has shown that the average interference parameter (AIP) is an important design parameter since it is related to the average signal-to-interference ratio of the conventional receiver. In this paper, we consider the construction of spreading sequences for zero-forcing multiuser detectors that are optimal in the sense of performance and near-far resistance. It is shown that sequences with a low AIP are near-optimal. This, again, stresses the importance of the AIP for the design of spreading sequences for CDMA systems employing any kind of receiver. Numerical examples indicate that by using optimized sequences the average signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) can be improved by about 1-2 dB for lengths of interest in applications.
<scp>S</scp> ingh, <scp>M</scp> akhan (1913–1973) (2009)

Makhan Singh was the founder of the trade union movement in Kenya as well as a South Asian patriot who participated in the anticolonial struggle both in India and in Kenya. He was born and grew up in the Punjab during revolutionary times. His father, a modest carpenter, was a very religious Sikh. The combination of radical politics and humanitarian ideals shaped Makhan Singh's thinking. In 1927 he migrated to Nairobi, Kenya. A brilliant student but lacking financial resources, he joined his father's printing press. There he learned more about the exploitation of workers and colonial injustices and met with members of the Ghadr Party, an ally of India's Communist Party.
Littrow-type external-cavity blue laser for holographic data storage (2007)

An external-cavity laser with a wavelength of 405 nm and an output of 80 mW has been developed for holographic data storage. The laser has three states: the first is a perfect single mode, whose coherent length is 14 m; the second is a three-mode state with a coherent length of 3 mm; and the third is a six-mode state with a coherent length of 0.3 mm. The first and second states are available for angular-multiplexing recording; all states are available for coaxial multiplexing recording. Due to its short wavelength, the recording density is higher than that of a 532 nm laser.
Implementing a Serial ATA Controller Base on FPGA (2009)

In order to store massive image data in real-time system, a high performance Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA) controller is proposed in this paper. RocketIO GTX transceiver realizes physical layer of SATA protocol. Link layer and transport layers are implemented in VHDL with programmable logic resources. Application layer is developed on POWERPC440 embedded in Xilinx Virtex-5 FPGA. The whole SATA protocol implement in a platform FPGA has better features in expansibility, scalability, improvability and in-system programmability comparing with realizing it using Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC). The experiment results shown that the controller works accurately and stably and the maximal sustained orderly data transfer rate up to 110 MB/s when connect to SATA hard disk. The high performance of the host SATA controller makes it possible that cheap SATA hard disk instead expensive Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) hard disk in some application. The controller is very suited for high speed mass data storage in embedded system.
Understanding school violence: comments on Szabo and Potterton. (2009)

In two recent editorials published - in the African Journal of Psychiatry - on the high school samurai sword slaying in Krugersdorp last year, Szabo and Potterton made some clear-headed comments about the events that do (or don't) drive a teenager to commit a school rampage shooting, spree slashing, or other sort of violent, dramatic crime in a public venue. Both highlight the fact that South African society is not new to violence; we are after all, considered one of the most violent societies in the world. Violent crimes, including homicides and family murders, are part of our daily lives. However this incident, possibly because of its bizarre execution, has captured the country's attention.
Minimally Invasive Detection of <i>Piscirickettsia salmonis</i> in Cultivated Salmonids via the PCR (1998)

The attributes of the PCR allowed implementation of an assay for specific detection of Piscirickettsia salmonis from a few microliters of fish serum. This opens the way to less invasive modes of sampling for this microbial pathogen in salmonids.
An Evaluation Environment and Methodology for Automotive Media Streaming Applications (2014)

Media streaming in automotive environments is becoming more important with the proliferation of 3G/4G technologies and the general demand for consuming Internet content in cars. Especially the rising popularity of Music on Demand and Media Cloud Storage services pushes automotive manufactures efforts to provide decent music streaming capabilities in vehicles. Two major issues have to be tackled to achieve this goal. (1) Weak or even uncovered areas in tunnels, underpasses or urban canyons. (2) Exhausted mobile network capabilities at crowded spots. Buffering can help to overcome the first issue. However, it consequently worsens the second issue due to its additional bandwidth demand. For this reason, the implementation of reasonable music streaming solutions in the car needs novel prefetching algorithms which reduce caching to the minimum and optimize bandwidth sharing between users. In this paper, we present a comprehensive simulation environment and evaluation methodology to develop and assess such prefetching algorithms.
Inhibition of human choriotropin binding to receptor by human choriotropin alpha peptides. A comprehensive synthetic approach. (1987)

Synthetic overlapping peptides of the alpha-subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) were made by solid-phase peptide synthesis employing a comprehensive synthetic approach. The entire primary structure of the alpha-subunit was synthesized as a series of nine consecutive peptides, each 15 residues in length, and overlapping with its two adjacent neighbors by 5 residues on each side. Receptor binding activity of each synthetic peptide was measured by the inhibition of binding of 125I-labeled hCG to rat ovarian receptor. Peptides alpha 21-35, alpha 31-45, alpha 71-85, and alpha 81-92 were shown to compete for binding with native hCG, thus demonstrating that at least two regions on the alpha-subunit may be part of the binding site(s) of the hormone. The low affinity of the peptides (10(-5)-10(-6) M) compared to native hormone (10(-10) M) for receptor is not unexpected due to the probability of discontinuous and multiple sites involved in receptor binding. An ultrapure preparation of hCG alpha-subunit also had low affinity (10(-5), suggesting that conformational changes upon combination with beta-subunit to form dimer or changes in conformation after binding are necessary for high affinity interaction. These results correlate with previous predictions of binding sites based on studies employing chemical and enzymatic modifications of intact hormone and show that synthetic peptide strategies are helpful in the elucidation of protein structure and function.
Low-Energy Positron Diffraction from a Cu(111) Surface (1980)

The first observation of low-energy positron diffraction from a solid surface is reported. Slow (20-400-eV) monochromatic positron beams were focused onto a Cu(111) surface and their elastically scattered distributions detected with a channel electron multiplier. Measurements of the scattered intensity versus angle as a function of incident energy show peaks at the predicted ($0\overline{1}$) and ($0\overline{2}$) diffraction angles. Profiles of intensity versus energy at fixed angles exhibit maxima corresponding to the primary Bragg peaks.
Expression of c-erbB proto-oncogene during dimethylbenzanthracene-induced tumorigenesis in hamster cheek pouch. (1987)

Repeated local applications of dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA) induce epidermoid carcinomas in 14 weeks in the cheek pouch of Syrian hamsters. Characteristic histopathological changes similar to the ones observed in human oral cancers can be detected during the development of these tumors in the hamster cheek pouch. Results presented in this report demonstrate that the cellular proto-oncogene c-erbB is amplified and expressed in an epidermoid carcinoma cell line (HCPC-1), derived from one such cheek pouch tumor. The expression of the gene cannot be detected in the untreated cheek pouch tissue whereas the level of expression of the gene is significantly high in the tumor cell line. The expression of c-erbB gene can also be detected in cheek pouch tissue at an early stage (8-9 weeks) of tumor development and in all tumor-bearing tissue of subsequent stages. The stage of expression of c-erbB gene does not coincide with the stage in which extensive hyperplasia of the epithelial cells (5 weeks) is observed. Rather, this coincides with the onset of the early invasion of the connective tissue by the dysplastic epithelium. The expression of c-erbB gene increases in parallel with the increased tumor burden. These results implicate the possible role of c-erbB gene in the genesis of DMBA-induced oral epithelial carcinomas.
Octreotide-modification enhances the delivery and targeting of doxorubicin-loaded liposomes to somatostatin receptors expressing tumor<i>in vitro</i>and<i>in vivo</i> (2010)

Octreotide is believed to be the ligand of somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) which are widely used in tumor diagnosis and clinical therapy. In the present work, a new targeting conjugate, octreotide-polyethylene glycol-phosphatidylethanolamine (Oct-PEG-PE), was developed for the assembling of liposome, and the effect of octreotide-modification on the enhancement of the delivery and targeting of doxorubicin-loaded liposomes was investigated in vitro and in vivo. Oct-PEG-PE was synthesized by a three-step reaction involving two derivative intermediate formations of bis (p-nitrophenyl carbonate)-PEG ((pNP)(2)-PEG) and pNP-PEG-PE. The Oct-modified and unmodified liposomes (DOX-OL and DOX-CL) were prepared by the ammonium sulfate gradient method. Both drug uptake assay and cell apoptosis assay suggested that DOX-OL noticeably increased the uptake of DOX in SMMC-7721 cells and showed a more significant cytotoxicity, compared with DOX-CL. The effect of DOX-OL was remarkably inhibited by free octreotide. In contrast, no significant difference in drug cytotoxicity was found between DOX-OL and DOX-CL in CHO cells without obvious expression of SSTRs. The study of ex vivo fluorescence tissues imaging of BALB/c mice and in vivo tissue distribution of B16 tumor-bearing mice indicated that DOX-OL caused remarkable accumulation of DOX in melanoma tumors and the pancreas, in which the SSTRs are highly expressed.
A Wide-Tuning Dual-Band Transformer-Based Complementary VCO (2010)

A dual-band wide-tuning range complementary LC-VCO is reported that utilizes additive and subtractive coupling of transformer inductances. Complementary circuitry in the VCO enables the frequency tuning range to be extended with boosted positive loop gains. Implemented in 65 nm CMOS, the measured results show frequency tuning range of 56% and 33% at 7.5 and 18.25 GHz center frequency, respectively, and phase noise of -98 ~ -112 dBc/Hz (FoM <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</sub> of 187 ~ 202) at 1 MHz offset while dissipating 1.7 ~ 9.9 mW.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of 2,3,4,5‐Tetrahydro‐1H‐3‐benzazepines by Intramolecular Heck Reaction. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Volatility and Attractiveness to the Mediterranean Fruit Fly of Trimedlure and Its Isomers, and a Comparison of Its Volatility with That of Seven Other Insect Attractants1 (1966)

A simple laboratory method, devised to determine the relative rates of evaporation of chemical insect attractants, was used to determine the relative rates of volatilization of trimedlure, its 4 isomers, and 7 other attractants. The volatilization of these materials correlated well with their persistence as attractants in the field. The volatility of the individual trimedlure isomers and their attractiveness were not necessarily related. Thus, 1 of the 4 isomers did not attract the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Weidemann). These results indicated that the stereochemistry of the molecule is the important factor in attractiveness. The isomer composition of liquid commercial trimedlure during its evaporation was determined by gas chromatography. Although the composition changed, all 4 isomers persisted even after 95% of the lure had evaporated. Two of the isomers may solidify, especially during cold weather; in this form their volatilities are much less than when they are liquefied, i.e., dissolved in the liquid isomers. To overcome this tendency to solidify, materials were added to trimedlure to inhibit crystallization. Of 18 compounds tested diethyl butylmalonate was the best inhibitor, but in the field it depressed the attractiveness of the lure. Pentadecanolide, a fixative and odor enhancer used in the perfume trade, extended the period of attraction of trimedlure appreciably hut not that of cuelure or siglure.