gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cartilage Tissue Engineering Application of Injectable Gelatin Hydrogel with <i>In Situ</i> Visible-Light-Activated Gelation Capability in Both Air and Aqueous Solution (2014)

Chondroprogenitor cells encapsulated in a chondrogenically supportive, three-dimensional hydrogel scaffold represents a promising, regenerative approach to articular cartilage repair. In this study, we have developed an injectable, biodegradable methacrylated gelatin (mGL)-based hydrogel capable of rapid gelation via visible light (VL)-activated crosslinking in air or aqueous solution. The mild photocrosslinking conditions permitted the incorporation of cells during the gelation process. Encapsulated human-bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) showed high, long-term viability (up to 90 days) throughout the scaffold. To assess the applicability of the mGL hydrogel for cartilage tissue engineering, we have evaluated the efficacy of chondrogenesis of the encapsulated hBMSCs, using hBMSCs seeded in agarose as control. The ability of hBMSC-laden mGL constructs to integrate with host tissues after implantation was further investigated utilizing an in vitro cartilage repair model. The results showed that the mGL hydrogel, which could be photopolymerized in air and aqueous solution, supports hBMSC growth and TGF-β3-induced chondrogenesis. Compared with agarose, mGL constructs laden with hBMSCs are mechanically stronger with time, and integrate well with native cartilage tissue upon implantation based on push-out mechanical testing. VL-photocrosslinked mGL scaffold thus represents a promising scaffold for cell-based repair and resurfacing of articular cartilage defects.
Proposal for stimulated Brillouin scattering suppression by fibre cabling (1991)

A new optical unit structure which can suppress stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) is developed. The Brillouin gain bandwidth is expanded by distributing the fibre strain in the optical unit. The expansion depends on a unique strainholding double-stranded optical unit structure. This is the first proposal for suppressing SBS by cabling. A 3.7 km long cable was laid in the sea and its Brillouin gain bandwidth was measured. The bandwidth was expanded 2.9 times with a cyclic strain amplitude of 0.08%.
Microstereolithography: concepts and applications (2002)

Microstereolithography is a new microfabrication process that evolved from the rapid prototyping industry. The first developments in this technology started in 1993 and different research teams around the world have developed microstereolithography machines since. All are based on the manufacturing of parts by a light-induced layer-stacking technique, but different approaches have been followed. This paper reviews the major microstereolithography processes developed until now, and presents the components they produced. Microstereolithography is able to create complex microobjects having real 3D shapes, which can be useful in the fields of microrobotics, microfluidics or microsystems. Although most research teams involved in the microstereolithography field have investigated its use as a microfabrication technique, the most promising application field of this technology is nevertheless the rapid prototyping domain that faces an increasing demand of small-size high-resolution prototype parts.
Ultrasonic evaluation of semi-solid metals during processing (2000)

Ultrasonic velocity and attenuation measurements for three different semi-solid (SS) aluminum (Al) alloy billets (A356, A357 and 86S) and one dendritic sample (A356) were performed in the temperature range between room temperature and ~575 °C using a non-contact laser-ultrasonic technique. It was found that there are measurable differences in ultrasonic velocity and attenuation between SS and dendritic samples and these differences are larger as the temperature becomes closer to the complete melt state. In a laboratory setup simulating the barrel section of a thixomoulding or a rheomoulding machine, a clad buffer rod (high temperature probe) was used to perform real time ultrasonic monitoring. We have observed 10 MHz ultrasonic signals of 30 dB signal-to-noise ratio reflected from a rotating screw with a distance of 5.5 mm between the probe end and the root of the screw in a viscous liquid Al alloy (A356) at 610 °C. This information should enable us to determine whether the processed part has the desired thixotropic structure or not, and then to properly adjust heating and other process parameters.
100 Gbit/s, 50 km, and nonrepeated optical transmission employing all-optical multi/demultiplexing and PLL timing extraction (1993)

A 16 × 6.3 Gbit/s, time-and-polarisation division multiplexed optical signal is successfully transmitted through a 50 km dispersion shifted singlemode fibre employing all-optical multi/demultiplexing. A 6.3 GHz timing clock is directly extracted from the multiplexed 100 Gbit/s optical signal by a phase locked loop using a travelling-wave laser diode amplifier. A wavelength-tunable modelocked Er3+-fibre ring laser and a planar-lightwave-circuit time division multiplexer are newly developed for this experiment.
High-Titer Immune Responses Elicited by Recombinant Vaccinia Virus Priming and Particle Boosting Are Ineffective in Preventing Virulent SIV Infection (1994)

Eighteen rhesus monkeys were vaccinated with recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing SIVmac antigens in 3 separate rounds of experiments. Twelve of the monkeys were primed with a trivalent vaccinia virus recombinant expressing Gag, Pol, and Env polypeptides that can assemble into SIV pseudovirion particles and boosted with SIV particles in adjuvant. Four of the monkeys were primed with different vaccinia virus recombinants expressing env or gag+env followed by SIV particle boosts; two received vaccinia virus recombinants alone (env or env+gag). Despite the induction of vigorous immune responses, 17 of 18 rhesus monkeys became infected on challenge with a low dose of virulent SIVmac. The single protected animal was one of three challenged with homologous cloned SIV exactly matched to the clone used for construction of trivalent vaccinia virus recombinant and particles. Vaccination may have diminished SIV burdens and rates of CD4+ cell declines in some of the animals, but vaccinated/challenge/infected animals eventually developed fatal disease similar to control animals. These results highlight the extreme difficulty in achieving vaccine protection against virulent SIVmac infection even under idealized laboratory conditions.
On Detecting Hidden Wireless Cameras: A Traffic Pattern-based Approach (2019)

Wireless cameras are widely deployed in surveillance systems for security guarding. However, the privacy concerns associated with unauthorized videotaping, are drawing increasing attention recently. Existing detection methods for unauthorized wireless cameras are either limited by their detection accuracy or requiring dedicated devices. In this paper, we propose DeWiCam, a lightweight and effective detection mechanism using smartphones. The basic idea of DeWiCam is to utilize the intrinsic traffic patterns of flows from wireless cameras. Compared with traditional traffic pattern analysis, DeWiCam is more challenging because it cannot access the encrypted information in the data packets. Yet, DeWiCam overcomes the difficulty and can detect nearby wireless cameras reliably. To further identify whether a camera is in an interested room, we propose a human-assisted identification model. Extension functions of DeWiCam further enable the video resolution and audio channel inference to provide extra protection. We implemented DeWiCam on the Android platform and evaluated it with extensive experiments on 20 cameras. The evaluation results show that DeWiCam can detect cameras with an accuracy of 99 percent within 2:7 s.
Redundancy on Demand-Extending the Coverage Area of Terrestrial Broadcast via Broadband Networks (2014)

Nowadays more and more TV terminal devices for digital terrestrial broadcast are also equipped with broadband network interfaces. In view of this fact we developed a novel Redundancy on Demand (RoD) system to improve the reception of terrestrial broadcast signals with the help of additional redundancy data transmitted via broadband networks. We propose various forms of redundancy, which can be provided on request by the receiving terminal in case of reception errors. RoD does not require any changes of the current broadcast network structure and is compatible with conventional receivers. Simulation results show that a small portion of additional redundancy data provided by the broadband network leads to significant performance improvements of the reception, making high data rate broadcasting feasible in a realistic environment. RoD introduces a new degree of freedom for network planning helping to reduce transmission cost and network energy consumption.
Exploiting Feature Confidence for Forward Motion Estimation (2017)

Visual-Inertial Odometry (VIO) utilizes an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) to overcome the limitations of Visual Odometry (VO). However, the VIO for vehicles in large-scale outdoor environments still has some difficulties in estimating forward motion with distant features. To solve these difficulties, we propose a robust VIO method based on the analysis of feature confidence in forward motion estimation using an IMU. We first formulate the VIO problem by using effective trifocal tensor geometry. Then, we infer the feature confidence by using the motion information obtained from an IMU and incorporate the confidence into the Bayesian estimation framework. Experimental results on the public KITTI dataset show that the proposed VIO outperforms the baseline VIO, and it also demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed feature confidence analysis and confidence-incorporated egomotion estimation framework.
&lt;title&gt;Materials Requirements For Optical Processing And Computing Devices&lt;/title&gt; (1984)

Devices for optical processing and computing systems are discussed with emphasis on the materials requirements imposed by functional constraints. Generalized optical processing and computing systems are described in order to identify principal categories of requisite components for complete system implementation. Three principal device categories are selected for analysis in some detail: spatial light modulators, volume holographic optical elements, and bistable optical devices. The implications for optical processing and computing systems of the identified materials requirements for these device categories are described, and directions for future research are proposed.
Clinical trials with MTDQ /6,6'-methylene-bis (2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline)/ an antioxidant with radiation sensitizing effect. (1980)

Daily doses of 1320 mg MTDQ have been administered orally to 7 patients for 100 subsequent days. Biological half-life and serum concentration measurements were performed. Function of vital organs, as well as routine laboratory findings revealed that MTDQ did not induce any toxic changes. The effect of MTDQ on the radiosensitivity of hypoxic tumor cells was studied in a combined treatment modality including 12 patients. The action on tumor regression was found encouraging. It has been found remarkable, too, that due to the effect of MTDQ and radiotherapy some of the nonspecific and general symptoms (e. g. pruritus) also disappeared.
Extraction of protein from hoki and barracouta fish heads for utilisation as functional ingredients : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Food Technology at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand (2014)

Fish heads contain a good amount of protein which can be extracted and used as a functional ingredient in fish products. Like other muscle proteins, fish head protein is composed of the myofibrillar proteins of myosin, actin, tropomyosin and others. Under favourable conditions these proteins, mostly myosin, form a gel network, which is important for a product texture. Hoki and barracouta are abundant in New Zealand. Hoki has great commercial value, but barracouta has a limited use as a fish product due its undesirable dark muscle and bony structure. Both fish muscles are consumed fresh or processed, but the heads are converted to fertiliser. There is no technology currently available which can extract the protein from fish heads for use in a consumer product.&#13;\nIt was not possible to make surimi from the fish heads as surimi is mainly produced from fresh white fish muscle. An alternative was to extract the protein from fish heads by a pH shifting process.&#13;\nAfter a review of literature in order to study the protein extraction process by the pH shifting method, a series of initial trials were carried out with hoki head mince. On the basis of the initial trials, further improvements were made in the process in order to increase the protein yield. It was found that the usual pH shifting process extracted only a small proportion of the protein from the fish heads. To increase the yield the process was modified by introducing a high temperature extraction at 80° C for one hour step. Once a desirable amount of protein was recovered the same processes were used to extract protein from barracouta.&#13;\nThe extracted protein was dried and stored for further experiments. Gels were prepared from the dried protein powder and the properties of the gels were evaluated by texture profile analysis and cooking loss. It was found that the alkali process resulted in a significantly higher yield and the extracted protein gave stronger gels with a decreased cooking loss compared to the acid process and control hoki fillet protein powders.&#13;\nThe extracted protein can be added to other fish mince in order to make consumer products and a complete sensory study needs to be done in order to investigate the consumer acceptability. However the extracted protein itself cannot make a complete fish product.&#13;\nThis modified extraction process can potentially be used with other fish or animal byproducts.
A 50-nm gate length InP pseudomorphic HET implemented in an MMIC broadband feedback amplifier (2005)

We report a 50-nm InP pseudomorphic InAlAs/InGaAs/InP HEMT, demonstrated in a one-stage MMIC broadband amplifier exhibiting over 8-dB gain between 0 and 42 GHz. The extrinsic transit frequency (f/sub T/) and the maximum frequency of oscillation (f/sub max/) of the 50 nm InP HEMT were 180 GHz and 260 GHz respectively. The two-finger, 100 /spl mu/m gate-width HEMT showed an extrinsic DC peak transconductance of 910 mS/mm.
SYNAPTOSOMAL TRANSPORT: A CHLORIDE DEPENDENCE FOR CHOLINE, GABA, GLYCINE AND SEVERAL OTHER COMPOUNDS (1978)

Abstract— The synaptosomal transport of fourteen different neurotransmitters, neurotransmitter precursors and other amino acids was tested for a chloride dependence. Those compounds having sodium‐dependent‘high‐affinity’transport systems exhibited a chloride dependence which was maintained over time and which was concentration dependent. Low chloride concentrations altered the transport kinetics of the compounds examined. The reduced accumulation of these compounds in chloride deficient media was not due to increased efflux or alterations in metabolism. The significance of these results for models of transport, methods in transport studies and for other factors are discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Reactions of (S)‐N,N‐Dialkyl‐2‐(hydroxydiarylmethyl) pyrrolidinium Halides as Chiral Phase‐Transfer Catalysts. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Induction of Hypersensitive Cell Death by Hydrogen Peroxide Produced through Polyamine Degradation in Tobacco Plants (2003)

Screening immediate-early responding genes during the hypersensitive response (HR) against tobacco mosaic virus infection in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants, we identified a gene encoding ornithine decarboxylase. Subsequent analyses showed that other genes involved in polyamine biosynthesis were also up-regulated, resulting in the accumulation of polyamines in apoplasts of tobacco mosaic virus-infected leaves. Inhibitors of polyamine biosynthesis, alpha-difluoromethyl-ornithine, however, suppressed accumulation of polyamines, and the rate of HR was reduced. In contrast, polyamine infiltration into a healthy leaf induced the generation of hydrogen peroxide and simultaneously caused HR-like cell death. Polyamine oxidase activity in the apoplast increased up to 3-fold that of the basal level during the HR, and its suppression with a specific inhibitor, guazatine, resulted in reduced HR. Because it is established that hydrogen peroxide is one of the degradation products of polyamines, these results indicate that one of the biochemical events in the HR is production of polyamines, whose degradation induces hydrogen peroxide, eventually resulting in hypersensitive cell death.
Absence of Yps7p, a putative glycosylphosphatidylinositol-linked aspartyl protease in<i>Pichia pastoris</i>, results in aberrant cell wall composition and increased osmotic stress resistance (2012)

Recently, studies performed on Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida albicans have confirmed the importance of fungal glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored aspartyl proteases (yapsins) for cell-wall integrity. Genome sequence annotation of Pichia pastoris also revealed seven putative GPI-anchored aspartyl protease genes. The five yapsin genes assigned as YPS1, YPS2, YPS3, YPS7 and MKC7 in P. pastoris were disrupted. Among these putative GPI-linked aspartyl proteases, disruption of PpYPS7 gene confers the Ppyps7Δ mutant cell increased resistance to cell wall perturbing reagents congo red, calcofluor white (CW) and sodium dodecyl sulfate. Quantitative analysis of cell wall components shows lower content of chitin and increased amounts of β-1,3-glucan. Further staining of the cell with CW demonstrates that disruption of PpYPS7 gene causes a reduction of the chitin content in lateral cell wall. Consistently, transmission electron micrographs show that the inner layer of mutant cell wall, mainly composed of chitin and β-1, 3-glucan, is much thicker than that in parental strain GS115. Additionally, Ppyps7Δ mutant also exhibits increased osmotic resistance compared with parental strain GS115. This could be due to the dramatically elevated intracellular glycerol level in Ppyps7Δ mutant. These results suggest that PpYPS7 is involved in cell wall integrity and response to osmotic stress.
Evaluation of the Distributed Case-Based Reasoning System on a Distributed Computing Platform (2011)

DisCaRia is a distributed case-based reasoning system used for fault resolution. This system features peer-to-peer and case-based reasoning approaches that provide the capability of exploring various fault data sources and exploiting fault solving knowledge from these distributed sources. This paper focuses on the prototype implementation and the performance evaluation of DisCaRia. The prototype system has been deployed on a distributed computing and storage testbed called EmanicsLab. This paper describes the results obtained from experiments performed on various software bug datasets.
“Controlled” High-Speed Anionic Polymerization of Propylene Oxide Initiated by Alkali Metal Alkoxide/Trialkylaluminum Systems (2004)

The anionic polymerization of propylene oxide initiated by alkali metal alkoxide suffers from several drawbacks such as a slow polymerization rate in nonpolar solvents and an important chain transfer reaction to monomer. We found that the addition of trialkylaluminum to the alkali metal alkoxide/propylene oxide system in hydrocarbon media strongly enhances the polymerization rate and strongly reduces the transfer reactions, thus allowing the controlled synthesis of poly(propylene oxide) with relatively high molar masses (up to 20 000 g/mol). At constant monomer and alkali metal alkoxide concentrations the polymerization rate increases with increasing trialkylaluminum concentration. Kinetic data and 1H NMR studies indicate that the trialkylaluminum derivative is involved in the formation of two distinct complexes, one with the alkali metal alkoxide and another with the PO monomer. The strong electron-withdrawing on PO α-carbons associated with AlR3 complexation makes the monomer much more susceptible to ring opening. Moreover, since the withdrawing effect is much less pronounced on the PO methyl group, the complexation also results in a higher selectivity of the nucleophilic species toward the ring-opening reaction to the detriment of the proton abstraction process yielding transfer to monomer.
Anti-programmed cell death protein-1/ligand-1 therapy in different cancers (2015)

Immunologic checkpoint blockade with antibodies against the programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) or its ligand (PD-L1) is an effective method for reversing cancer immunosuppression and thereby promoting immune responses against several cancer types. Anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 antibodies have resulted in long-term responses with minimal side effects in significant numbers of patients with melanoma, lung, kidney, bladder and triple-negative breast cancer, as well as in chemotherapy-refractory Hodgkin disease. There is already evidence from at least one randomised trial that anti-PD-1 therapy is superior to chemotherapy in the treatment of patients with metastatic melanoma, and two anti-PD-1 antibodies, pembrolizumab and nivolumab, have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of patients previously treated for metastatic melanoma. It is anticipated that approvals by drug regulatory bodies will be forthcoming in several cancers in the next months.
Inactivation of the mouse Brca1 gene leads to failure in the morphogenesis of the egg cylinder in early postimplantation development. (1996)

BRCA1 is proposed to be a tumor suppressor gene. To explore the biological function of BRCA1, a partial deletion (amino acids 300-361) of mouse Brca1 exon 11 was introduced into the genome of embryonic stem (ES) cells by homologous recombination. Mice carrying one mutated allele of Brca1 appear normal and are fertile up to 10 months of age without any sign of illness. However, no viable progeny homozygous for the Brca1 mutant allele were obtained. Detailed analysis of large numbers of embryos at different stages of development indicated that the homozygous mutant concepti are severely retarded in growth as early as embryonic day 4.5 (E4.5) and are resorbed completely by E8.5. Although the homozygotes at E5.5-E6.5 are able to synthesize DNA and display distinguishable embryonic and extraembryonic structures, they fail to differentiate and form egg cylinders. Consequently, they were unable to form primitive streaks and undergo gastrulation. Consistent with these in vivo results, blastocysts homozygous for mutated Brca1 alleles are at a considerable disadvantage when grown in vitro. These observations suggest that Brca1 has an important role in the early development of mouse embryos.