gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Finding low-utility data structures (2010)

Many opportunities for easy, big-win, program optimizations are missed by compilers. This is especially true in highly layered Java applications. Often at the heart of these missed optimization opportunities lie computations that, with great expense, produce data values that have little impact on the program's final output. Constructing a new date formatter to format every date, or populating a large set full of expensively constructed structures only to check its size: these involve costs that are out of line with the benefits gained. This disparity between the formation costs and accrued benefits of data structures is at the heart of much runtime bloat.
A murine homolog of the yeast RNA1 gene is required for postimplantation development. (1994)

A gene has been characterized that is required for postimplantation mouse development. The gene, designated fug1, was disrupted in embryonic stem cells by the U3Neo gene trap retrovirus, and the disrupted allele was introduced into the germ line. Homozygous mutant embryos arrest at the egg cylinder stage at about embryonic day 6 and are mostly resorbed by day 8.5. The appearance of the proamniotic cavity is delayed, and epiblast cells that surround the cavity are disorganized. fug1 transcripts are undetectable at E6 but are induced throughout the embryo after E6.5. The gene is expressed at low levels in all adult tissues examined, maps to chromosome 15, and is conserved among mammals. The cDNA sequence encodes a protein of 589 amino acids, the first 400 of which are 38% identical to the Saccaromyces cerevisiae RNA1 gene. Regions of greatest similarity include a long acidic domain and 11 leucine-rich motifs, thought to mediate high affinity protein-protein interactions. These similarities suggest that Fug1 may be required for developmental changes in RNA processing or chromatin structure prior to gastrulation.
NANOTUBES COIL, STORY UNFOLDS (1999)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTNANOTUBES COIL, STORY UNFOLDSStudy unravels mechanism for carbon-nanotube ring formation and reveals details of electrical transport behaviorMITCH JACOBYView Author Information C&EN ChicagoCite this: Chem. Eng. News 1999, 77, 40, 31–32Publication Date (Print):October 4, 1999Publication History Published online12 November 2010Published inissue 4 October 1999https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v077n040.p031Copyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyArticle Views7Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (324 KB) SUBJECTS:Bubbles,Carbon nanotubes,Electrical properties,Nanospheres,Ultrasound Get e-Alerts
이러닝 1 : 온톨로지 기반 창의적 역사 학습시스템 (2009)

온톨로지 기반 이러닝(e-learning) 학습으로 학습의 연속성과 지속성, 그리고 웹에서의 창의적 탐색학습 등으로 학습의 효과성을 가질 수 있다. 웹에서의 다양한 지식구조로 표현된 학습콘텐츠를 학습자 스스로 그 역량의 이해수준에 맞는 개인화 학습, 학습자의 학습 특성과 필요성을 연결 지어 교과 지식을 좀 더 조화롭게 하여 학습의 범위를 넓히는 시너지효과를 기대할 수 있을 것이다. 또한, 학습콘텐츠에 개인적인 주석을 달아 놓았다면 이는 메타데이터의 정보가 다른 메타데이터 정보와 조합되어 학습자들의 훌륭한 학습정보로 활용할 수 있다. 이는 분산된 웹 자원을 보다 학습에 효과적으로 상호운용성 및 재사용 율을 높일 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 현재의 비연속적인 학습과 일방적인 교수자 중심의 웹기반 교수-학습을 지양하고 온톨로지 기반의 학습정보를 검색하여 학습 수행에 있어 연속성을 부여하고, 분산된 다양한 웹 자원을 학습에 활용함으로서 학습자 중심의 창의적 탐색·자기주도적·개인화 학습에 맞는 웹기반 학습 시스템이 되도록 구상하였고, 고등학교 국사 교과서·교사용 지도서 내에서 교수 학습 자료를 분석하여 일부 학습정보를 데이터베이스화 하였으며, OWL구문을 이용하여 학습정보 온톨로지(Ontology)를 구축하였다. 학습자는 학습 수행을 위해 학습 안내도 정보 제공과 함께 학습정보 검색으로 학습을 수행하며 피드백을 받는다.
Response of Gray Foxes to Modified Live-Virus Canine Distemper Vaccines (1981)

Ten gray foxes seronegative for canine distemper virus were vaccinated with 1 of 3 commercial modified live-virus canine distemper vaccines. Of 5 foxes receiving vaccine A (chicken tissue culture origin), 4 developed significant titers (greater than or equal to 1:100) of neutralizing antibody to canine distemper virus and remained clinically normal after vaccination. Two of 3 foxes vaccinated with vaccine B (canine cell line origin) and both foxes receiving vaccine C (canine cell line origin) died of vaccine-induced distemper. Five unvaccinated control foxes died of distemper after a known occasion for contact transmission of virus from a fox vaccinated with vaccine B. The results suggested that the chicken tissue culture origin modified live-virus canine distemper vaccine is probably safe for normal adult gray foxes, whereas the canine cell origin vaccines are hazardous. The results of this study tended to corroborate anecdotal experiences of veterinarians who have observed that gray foxes frequently die from distemper soon after vaccination with modified live-virus canine distemper vaccines.
Development and Clinical Application of a New Method for the Radioimmunoassay of Arginine Vasopressin in Human Plasma (1973)

A radioimmunoassay has been developed that permits reliable measurements of plasma arginine vasopressin (AVP) at concentrations as low as 0.5 pg/ml in sample volumes of 1 ml or less. Nonhormonal immunoreactivity associated with the plasma proteins is eliminated by acetone precipitation before assay, leaving unaltered a component that is immunologically and chromatographically indistinguishable from standard AVP. Storage of plasma results in a decline in AVP concentration and, thus, must be carefully regulated. The plasma AVP values obtained by our method approximate the anticipated levels and vary in accordance with physiologic expections. In recumbent normal subjects, plasma AVP ranged from (mean +/-SD) 5.4+/-3.4 pg/ml after fluid deprivation to 1.4+/-0.8 pg/ml after water loading, and correlated significantly with both plasma osmolality (r=0.52; P<0.001) and urine osmolality (r=0.77; P<0.001). After fluid restriction, plasma AVP was uniformly normal relative to plasma osmolality in patients with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus and primary polydipsia but was distinctly subnormal in all patients with pituitary diabetes insipidus. The infusion of physiologic amounts of posterior pituitary extract caused a dose-related rise in plasma vasopressin that afterwards declined at the expected rate (t(1/2)=22.5+/-4 min). We conclude that, when used appropriately, our radioimmunoassay method provides a useful way of assessing AVP function in man.
Detergent-Resistant Phospholipase A of Escherichia coli K-12. Purification and Properties (1977)

Detergent-resistant phospholipase A, which is tightly bound to the outer membranes of Escherichia coli K-12 cells, was purified approximately 2000-fold to near homogeneity by solubilization with sodium dodecylsulfate and butan-1-ol, acid precipitation, acetone fractionation and column chromatographies on Sephadex G-100 in the presence of sodium dodecylsulfate and on DEAE-cellulose in the presence of Triton X-100. The final preparation showed a single band in the sodium dodecylsulfate gel system. The enzyme hydrolyzes both the 1-acyl and 2-acyl chains of phosphatidylethanolamine or phosphatidylcholine. It also attacks 1-acyl and 2-acylglycerylphosphorylethanolamine. Thus, this enzyme shows not only phospholipase A1 and lysophospholipase L1 activities but also phospholipase A2 and lysophospholipase L2 activities. The enzyme lost its activity completely on incubation at 80 °C for 5 min at either pH 6.4 or pH 8.0. It was stable in 0.5% sodium dodecylsulfate at below 40 °C. The enzyme was inactivated on incubation for 5 min at 90 °C in 1% sodium dodecylsulfate/1% 2-mercaptoethanol/4 M urea. The native and inactivated enzymes showed different protein bands with RF values corresponding to Mr 21000 and Mr 28000 respectively, in a sodium dodecylsulfate gel system. Triton X-100 seemed to protect the enzyme from inactivation. The purified enzyme was fully active on phosphatidyl-ethanolamine in the presence of 0.0002% or 0.05% Triton X-100. The enzyme requires Ca2+. From its properties this enzyme seems to be identical with the enzyme purified from crude extracts of Escherichia coli B by Scandella and Kornberg. However, it differs from the latter in its positional specificity and susceptibility to sodium dodecylsulfate. Possible explanation of the difference of positional specificity of the two preparations is also described.
Horses for courses:China’s equestrian scene——Posh families turn to horses,golf and piano lessons (2004)

Inever expected to ride a retired race horse in Beijing on Saturdays. But in this city of unknown equestrian quantities I have found some of the best horse-riding training and facilities I’ve ever encountered, anywhere. Most of the instructors come from Inner Mongolia, home to most of China’s horse culture. The horses meanwhile have been brought here from stables in Hong Kong and Australia. Many are retired racehorses, mild-mannered, gentle beasts who take students gently around the training pens. Lessons aren’t cheap by any standards but the qual-
SIP-Specific Event Notification (2012)

This document describes an extension to the Session Initiation
Protocol (SIP) defined by RFC 3261. The purpose of this extension is
to provide an extensible framework by which SIP nodes can request
notification from remote nodes indicating that certain events have
occurred. Note that the event notification mechanisms defined herein
are NOT intended to be a general-purpose infrastructure for all
classes of event subscription and notification. This document
represents a backwards-compatible improvement on the original
mechanism described by RFC 3265, taking into account several years of
implementation experience. Accordingly, this document obsoletes RFC
3265. This document also updates RFC 4660 slightly to accommodate some
small changes to the mechanism that were discussed in that document.
[STANDARDS-TRACK]
Device Discovery in Frequency Hopping Wireless Ad Hoc Networks (2004)

This research develops a method for efficient discovery of wireless devices for a frequency hopping spread spectrum, synchronous, ad hoc network comprised of clustered sub-networks. The Bluetooth wireless protocol serves as the reference protocol. The development of a discovery, or outreach, method for scatternets requires the characterization of performance metrics of Bluetooth piconets, many of which are unavailable in literature. Precise analytical models characterizing the interference caused to Bluetooth network traffic by inquiring devices, the probability mass function of packet error rates between arbitrary pairs of Bluetooth networks, and Bluetooth discovery time distribution are developed. Based on the characterized performance metrics, three scatternet outreach methods are developed and compared. Outreach methods which actively inquire on a regular basis, as proposed in literature, are shown to produce lower goodput, have greater mean packet delay, require more power, and cause significant delays in discovery. By passively remaining available for outreach, each of these disadvantages is avoided.
wo guo chuang ye jiao yu de xian zhuang (2009)

创业教育目前在我国受到越来越多的重视.创业指导课的开展、创业基地的建立及政府对创业教育的推动,促成了创业教育在我国的发展;但由于教育体制、师资素质、经费投入及应试教育等因素的影响,创业教育还存在一定的不足.
Computer visualization of long genomic sequences (1993)

Human beings find it difficult to analyze local and global oligonucleotide patterns in the linear primary sequences of a genome. In this paper, we present a family of iterated function systems (IFS) that can be used to generate a set of visual models of a DNA sequence. A new visualization function, the W-curve, that is derived from this IFS family is introduced. Using W-curves, a user can readily compare subsequences within a long genomic sequence --- or between genomic sequences --- and can visually evaluate the effect of local variations (mutations) upon the global genomic information content.
Terahertz Metamaterial Devices Based on Graphene Nanostructures (2013)

We propose here the concept and practical design of THz metamaterial devices consisting of subwavelength graphene nanostructures placed on a dielectric substrate and backed by a metal gate. This geometry allows us to introduce the design of a THz metaferrite screen with effective permeability that can be tuned from positive to negative, as a function of graphene's Fermi energy. We then discuss its potential applications to realize tunable and switchable THz and far-infrared artificial magnetic screens, perfect absorbing films, and polarizing filters.
Timed consistency for shared distributed objects (1999)

Article Free Access Share on Timed consistency for shared distributed objects Authors: Francisco J. Torres-Rojas College of Computing, Georgia Institute of Technology College of Computing, Georgia Institute of TechnologyView Profile , Mustaque Ahamad College of Computing, Georgia Institute of Technology College of Computing, Georgia Institute of TechnologyView Profile , Michel Raynal IRISA, University of Rennes, France IRISA, University of Rennes, FranceView Profile Authors Info & Claims PODC '99: Proceedings of the eighteenth annual ACM symposium on Principles of distributed computingMay 1999 Pages 163–172https://doi.org/10.1145/301308.301350Published:01 May 1999Publication History 51citation666DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations51Total Downloads666Last 12 Months29Last 6 weeks3 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
ChemInform Abstract: β,β′‐Dihydroxylation of meso‐Tetraphenylchlorins and Metallochlorins. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Small-signal response of a semiconductor laser with inhomogeneous linewidth enhancement factor: Possibilities of a flat carrier-induced FM response (1985)

It is shown that inhomogeneities in the linewidth enhancement factor in a semiconductor laser exert great influence on the injection current modulation FM response. Several phenomena, which have not been explained so far, such as redshift frequency chirping, flat carrier induced FM response, and absence of phase reversal at the thermal cut-off frequency, are explained by the present theoretical model. A flat carrier induced FM response with either redshift or blueshift may be obtained in a semiconductor laser with an inhomogeneous linewidth enhancement factor without the accompanying spurious intensity modulation.
Self‐Assembled Free‐Standing Graphite Oxide Membrane (2009)

Flexible, semi-transparent, and free-standing graphite oxide membranes are produced by a facile self-assembly process at the liquid/air interface, and the membranes are thickness controlled and area adjustable. Such macroscopic membranes are constructed from individual graphene oxide sheets by layer-by-layer stacking and show excellent mechanical and optical performance.
Pattern Matching Algorithm for Identification of Load Mass of an Elastic Robot Arm (1988)

Fast response and energy efficiency considerations suggest a light weight robot arm. However, if heavy loads are carried, the arm must be considered elastic in designing a controller. An adaptive controller is desired if the arm carries loads of varying mass. The paper discusses a pattern matching algorithm for identifying the mass of the load.
Probe test failure analysis of bond pad over active structure by modeling and experiment (2005)

The framework of this paper is to develop a DOE study for different pad structures and probe over travel (OT) parameters for both modeling and experimental tests on a wafer with bond pads placed over active structures. In modeling, a nonlinear finite element contact model is developed for the probe tip surface and the bond pad surface. The relationship between probe tip force and probe over travel distance through the probe beam is analytically derived. Modeling gives the results with different OT, probe tip type with different diameters, probe tip probe scrub. The probe damage test is designed with different OT and different bond pad structures, damage is accessed versus the number of probe tip touchdowns. A DOE study combined with both modeling and experiment is conducted with different BPOA parameters. In addition, an equivalent comparison between probe damage and wire bonding is made to show how the probe test and wire bonding process can affect bond pad over active area structures.
Visual Analysis of Social Media Data (2012)

The application of visual analytics, which combines the advantages of computational knowledge discovery and interactive visualization, to social media data highlights the many benefits of this integrated approach. The Web extra at http://youtu.be/nhoq71gqyXE is a video demonstrating a prototype system for visual-interactive analysis of large georeferenced microblog datasets, describing the design of the system, and detailing its application to the VAST 2011 Challenge dataset. The dataset models an epidemic outbreak in a fictitious metropolitan area. The video shows how the system can detect the epidemic and analyze its development over time. The system was implemented by Juri Buchmueller, Fabian Maass, Stephan Sellien, Florian Stoffel, and Matthias Zieker at the University of Konstanz (they also produced this video). Further information on the system and the VAST challenge dataset can be found in E. Bertini et al., "Visual Analytics of Terrorist Activities Related to Epidemics," Proc. IEEE Conf. Visual Analytics Science and Technology (VAST 11), IEEE CS, pp. 329-330, 2011.
Hosting Infection: Experimental Models to Assay<i>Candida</i>Virulence (2011)

Although normally commensals in humans, Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Candida parapsilosis, Candida glabrata, and Candida krusei are capable of causing opportunistic infections in individuals with altered physiological and/or immunological responses. These fungal species are linked with a variety of infections, including oral, vaginal, gastrointestinal, and systemic infections, with C. albicans the major cause of infection. To assess the ability of different Candida species and strains to cause infection and disease requires the use of experimental infection models. This paper discusses the mucosal and systemic models of infection available to assay Candida virulence and gives examples of some of the knowledge that has been gained to date from these models.
Retracted: A Role for PPAR<b><i>γ</i></b> in the Regulation of Cytokines in Immune Cells and Cancer (2015)

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1155/2008/961753.].
Wireless LAN radios : system definition to transistor design (2008)

Preface. Acronyms. CHAPTER 1 802.11 Flavors and System Requirements. 1.1 Definition. 1.2 WLAN Market Trends. 1.3 History of 802.11. 1.4 802.11: b, a, or g? 1.5 802.11b Standard. 1.6 802.11a Channel Allocation. 1.7 802.11a and 802.11g: OFDM Mapping. 1.7.1 Multipath Fading. 1.8 802.11a/g: Data Rates. 1.9 802.11a/g OFDM Packet Construction. 1.10 802.11 System Requirements. 1.10.1 Receiver Sensitivity. 1.10.2 Transmitter Error Vector Magnitude. 1.10.3 Transmitter Spectral Mask. 1.11 Vector Signal Analysis. CHAPTER 2 Radio Receiver and Transmitter Architectures. 2.1 Architectures. 2.1.1 Superheterodyne Receiver. 2.1.1.1 Choice of Intermediate Frequency in Superheterodyne Receiver. 2.1.2 Low IF Receiver. 2.1.3 Direct-Conversion Receiver. 2.1.4 Receiver Architectures: Summary. 2.1.5 Superheterodyne Transmitter. 2.1.6 Low IF Transmitter. 2.1.7 Direct-Conversion Transmitter. 2.1.8 Polar Modulators. 2.2 Process Choices: CMOS versus SiGe BiCMOS. CHAPTER 3 Analog Impairments and Issues. 3.1 Receiver Sensitivity and Noise Figure. 3.2 Receiver DC Offsets and LO Leakage. 3.3 Receiver Flicker Noise. 3.4 Receiver Interferers and Intermodulation Distortion. 3.4.1 IP3, IP2, and P1dB. 3.4.2 Tools for Analyzing Modulated Signal Distortion. 3.5 Receiver Image Rejection. 3.5.1 Superheterodyne Receiver. 3.5.2 Low IF Architecture. 3.5.3 Direct-Conversion Receiver. 3.6 Quadrature Balance and Relation to Image Rejection. 3.7 Quadrature Balance and Relation to EVM. 3.8 Other Transmitter (Modulator) Impairments. 3.9 Peak-to-Average Ratio and Relation to Linearity and Efficiency. 3.10 Local Oscillator Pulling in PLL. 3.11 Phase Noise in PLL. 3.12 Far-Out Phase Noise. 3.13 Effect of Phase Noise on OFDM Systems. 3.14 Effect of Frequency Errors on OFDM. 3.15 Summary of Analog/RF Impairments. CHAPTER 4 Some Key Radio Building Blocks. 4.1 Low Noise Amplifier. 4.2 Mixer and its Local Oscillator Buffers. 4.3 Power Amplifier. 4.4 Fully Integrated VCO. 4.5 Multifrequency (Stacked) Mixer. 4.6 Open-Loop Transconductance Linearization Circuit. CHAPTER 5 Calibration Techniques. 5.1 VCO Calibration. 5.2 Automatic Frequency Control. 5.3 Quadrature Error and Local Oscillator Feedthrough Calibration. 5.4 Bias Current Calibrations ( R Calibration). 5.5 Filter Time-Constant Calibration ( RC Calibration). 5.6 Other Calibrations. CHAPTER 6 Case Studies. 6.1 Case Study 1: A CMOS 802.11a Transceiver. 6.1.1 Architecture and Circuit Implementation. 6.1.2 Receiver. 6.1.3 Transmitter. 6.1.4 Phase-Locked Loop. 6.2 Case Study 2: High Performance WLAN Transmitter Utilizing Quadrature and LOFT Calibration. CHAPTER 7 Brief Discussion Of 802.11n and Concluding Remarks. 7.1 Need for 802.11n. 7.2 802.11a/b/g/n MIMO Transceiver. 7.2.1 Architecture and Circuit Implementation. 7.2.1.1 Receiver. 7.2.1.2 Transmitter. 7.2.1.3 PLL and LO Generation. 7.2.1.4 Calibration Techniques. 7.2.2 Packaging Issues. 7.2.3 Measurement Results. 7.2.4 MIMO Case Study Conclusion. 7.3 Concluding Remarks. References. Annotated Bibliography. Index. About the Author.
Classification of Tumors in Human Brain MRI using Wavelet and Support Vector Machine (2012)

The task of classification in recovery systems is to differentiate between normal and abnormal brain.