gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Friendly Virtual Machines (2005)

With the increased use of “Virtual Machines” (VMs) as vehicles that isolate applications running on the same host, it is necessary to devise techniques that enable multiple VMs to share underlying resources both fairly and efficiently. To that end, one common approach is to deploy complex resource management techniques in the hosting infrastructure. Alternately, in this paper, we advocate the use of selfadaptation in the VMs themselves based on feedback about resource usage and availability. Consequently, we define a “Friendly” VM (FVM) to be a virtual machine that adjusts its demand for system resources, so that they are both efficiently and fairly allocated to competing FVMs. Such properties are ensured using one of many provably convergent control rules, such as Additive-Increase/MultiplicativeDecrease (AIMD). By adopting this distributed applicationbased approach to resource management, it is not necessary to make assumptions about the underlying resources nor about the requirements of FVMs competing for these resources. To demonstrate the elegance and simplicity of our approach, we present a prototype implementation of our FVM framework in User-Mode Linux (UML)—an implementation that consists of less than 500 lines of code changes to UML. We present an analytic, control-theoretic model of FVM adaptation, which establishes convergence and fairness properties. These properties are also backed up with experimental results using our prototype FVM implementation. ∗This work was supported in part by NSF grants ANI0095988, ANI-9986397, EIA-0202067 and ITR ANI-0205294. Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. To copy otherwise, to republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. VEE’05, June 11-12, 2005, Chicago, Illinois, USA. Copyright 2005 ACM 1-59593-047-7/05/0006 ...$5.00.
DeepHand: Robust Hand Pose Estimation by Completing a Matrix Imputed with Deep Features (2016)

We propose DeepHand to estimate the 3D pose of a hand using depth data from commercial 3D sensors. We discriminatively train convolutional neural networks to output a low dimensional activation feature given a depth map. This activation feature vector is representative of the global or local joint angle parameters of a hand pose. We efficiently identify 'spatial' nearest neighbors to the activation feature, from a database of features corresponding to synthetic depth maps, and store some 'temporal' neighbors from previous frames. Our matrix completion algorithm uses these 'spatio-temporal' activation features and the corresponding known pose parameter values to estimate the unknown pose parameters of the input feature vector. Our database of activation features supplements large viewpoint coverage and our hierarchical estimation of pose parameters is robust to occlusions. We show that our approach compares favorably to state-of-the-art methods while achieving real time performance (≈ 32 FPS) on a standard computer.
Quantum Computation over Continuous Variables (1999)

This paper provides necessary and sufficient conditions for constructing a universal quantum computer over continuous variables. As an example, it is shown how a universal quantum computer for the amplitudes of the electromagnetic field might be constructed using simple linear devices such as beam splitters and phase shifters, together with squeezers and nonlinear devices such as Kerr-effect fibers and atoms in optical cavities. Such a device could in principle perform ``quantum floating point'' computations. Problems involving noise, finite precision, and error correction are discussed.
High Levels of Human Apolipoprotein A-I in Transgenic Mice Result in Increased Plasma Levels of Small High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Particles Comparable to Human HDL3 (1989)

Five lines of transgenic mice, which had integrated the human apolipoprotein (apo) A-I gene and various amounts of flanking sequences, were established. Normally, apoA-I is expressed mainly in liver and intestine, but all of the transgenic lines only expressed apoA-I mRNA in liver, strongly suggesting that 256 base pairs of 5'-flanking sequence was sufficient for liver apoA-I gene expression but that 5.5 kilobase pairs was not sufficient for intestinal expression. Mean plasma levels of human apoA-I varied in different lines from approximately 0.1 to 200% of normal mouse levels. This was not dependent on the amount of flanking sequence. Lipoprotein levels were studied in detail in one of the lines with a significantly increased apoA-I pool size. In one study, the total plasma apoA-I level (mouse plus human) was 381 +/- 43 mg/dl in six animals from this line, compared to 153 +/- 17 mg/dl in matched controls. Total and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were increased 60% in transgenic animals, compared to controls (total cholesterol: 125 +/- 12 versus 78 +/- 13 mg/dl, p = 0.0001; HDL-C 90 +/- 7 versus 55 +/- 11 mg/dl, p = 0.0001). The molar ratio of HDL-C/apoA-I was significantly lower in transgenic animals, 17 +/- 1 versus 25 +/- 2 (p = 0.0001), suggesting the increase was in smaller HDL particles. This was confirmed by native gradient gel electrophoresis. This was not due to aberrant metabolism of human apoA-I in the mouse, since human apoA-I was distributed throughout the HDL particle size range and was catabolized at the same rate as mouse apoA-I. In another study of 23 transgenic mice, HDL-C and human apoA-I levels were highly correlated (r = 0.87, p less than 0.001). The slope of the correlation line also indicated the additional HDL particles were in the smaller size range. We conclude that human apoA-I can be incorporated into mouse HDL, and excessive amounts increase HDL-C levels primarily by increasing smaller HDL particles, comparable to human HDL3 (HDL-C/apoA-I molar ratio = 18).
In vivo genome editing improves muscle function in a mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (2015)

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a devastating disease affecting about 1 out of 5000 male births and caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene. Genome editing has the potential to restore expression of a modified dystrophin gene from the native locus to modulate disease progression. In this study, adeno-associated virus was used to deliver the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 system to the mdx mouse model of DMD to remove the mutated exon 23 from the dystrophin gene. This includes local and systemic delivery to adult mice and systemic delivery to neonatal mice. Exon 23 deletion by CRISPR-Cas9 resulted in expression of the modified dystrophin gene, partial recovery of functional dystrophin protein in skeletal myofibers and cardiac muscle, improvement of muscle biochemistry, and significant enhancement of muscle force. This work establishes CRISPR-Cas9-based genome editing as a potential therapy to treat DMD.
Design of Coordination Polymer Gels as Stable Catalytic Systems (2002)

Here we report the first example of catalytic metallogels, which are formed irreversibly in dimethylsulfoxide via the creation of cross-linked, three-dimensional coordination polymer networks by using transition-metal ions with multiple sites available for coordination and multidentate ligands. Conformational flexibility of the ligands and slow formation of the coordination polymers apparently favor the gelation. These metallogels are stable in water and most organic solvents and can catalyze the oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde by using their PdII moieties as the catalytic centers. The best catalytic turnover of the metallogel is twice that of [Pd(OAc)2] under similar reaction conditions.
Relationship of structure to properties in surfactants. 10. Surface and thermodynamic properties of 2-dodecyloxypoly(ethenoxyethanol)s, C12H25(OC2H4)xOH, in aqueous solution (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRelationship of structure to properties in surfactants. 10. Surface and thermodynamic properties of 2-dodecyloxypoly(ethenoxyethanol)s, C12H25(OC2H4)xOH, in aqueous solutionMilton J. Rosen, Anna W. Cohen, Mahilal Dahanayake, and Xi Yuan HuaCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1982, 86, 4, 541–545Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100393a025https://doi.org/10.1021/j100393a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1366Altmetric-Citations399LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Fault recovery based on checkpointing for hard real-time embedded systems (2004)

Safety-critical embedded systems often operate in harsh environmental conditions that necessitate fault-tolerant computing techniques. Many safety-critical systems also execute real-time applications. The correctness of these systems depends not only on the logical result of computation, but also on the time at which the results are produced. The missing of task deadlines can therefore be viewed as a temporal fault. In this paper, we examine fault-recovery based on checkpointing for real-time systems. We present schedulability tests for check-pointing in real-time systems. These feasibility-of-scheduling tests provide the criteria under which checkpointing can provide fault tolerance and real-time guarantees for hard real-time embedded systems under two different fault arrival models.
Traveling-Wave Resonators (1958)

In the first part of the paper, the principles are given which have led to the conception of the traveling-wave resonator, and the calculations enabling its operation to be understood are presented. The second part describes the apparatus in detail and examines it, bearing in mind its use as high-power testing equipment.
Enhancement of Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Degradation of Misfolded Null Hong Kong α1-Antitrypsin by Human ER Mannosidase I (2003)

Misfolded glycoproteins synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are degraded by cytoplasmic proteasomes, a mechanism known as ERAD (ER-associated degradation). In the present study, we demonstrate that ERAD of the misfolded genetic variant-null Hong Kong alpha1-antitrypsin is enhanced by overexpression of the ER processing alpha1,2-mannosidase (ER ManI) in HEK 293 cells, indicating the importance of ER ManI in glycoprotein quality control. We showed previously that EDEM, an enzymatically inactive mannosidase homolog, interacts with misfolded alpha1-antitrypsin and accelerates its degradation (Hosokawa, N., Wada, I., Hasegawa, K., Yorihuzi, T., Tremblay, L. O., Herscovics, A., and Nagata, K. (2001) EMBO Rep. 2, 415-422). Herein we demonstrate a combined effect of ER ManI and EDEM on ERAD of misfolded alpha1-antitrypsin. We also show that misfolded alpha1-antitrypsin NHK contains labeled Glc1Man9GlcNAc and Man5-9GlcNAc released by endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase H in pulse-chase experiments with [2-3H]mannose. Overexpression of ER ManI greatly increases the formation of Man8GlcNAc, induces the formation of Glc1Man8GlcNAc and increases trimming to Man5-7GlcNAc. We propose a model whereby the misfolded glycoprotein interacts with ER ManI and with EDEM, before being recognized by downstream ERAD components. This detailed characterization of oligosaccharides associated with a misfolded glycoprotein raises the possibility that the carbohydrate recognition determinant triggering ERAD may not be restricted to Man8GlcNAc2 isomer B as previous studies have suggested.
Real-time gas-correlation imaging employing thermal background radiation (2000)

Real-time imaging of gas leaks was demonstrated using an IR camera employing outdoor thermal background radiation. Ammonia, ethylene and methane detection was demonstrated in the spectral region 7-13 microm. Imaging was accomplished using an optical filter and a gas-correlation cell matching the absorption band of the gas. When two gases, such as ammonia and ethylene, are absorbing in the same wavelength region it is possible to isolate one for display by using gas-correlation multispectral imaging. Results from a field test on a leaking gas tanker are presented as QuickTime movies. A detection limit of 200 ppm x meter for ammonia was accomplished in this setup when the temperature difference between the background and the gas was 18 K and the frame rate was 15 Hz.
Airway Progenitor Clone Formation Is Enhanced by Y-27632–Dependent Changes in the Transcriptome (2016)

The application of conditional reprogramming culture (CRC) methods to nasal airway epithelial cells would allow more wide-spread incorporation of primary airway epithelial culture models into complex lung disease research. In this study, we adapted the CRC method to nasal airway epithelial cells, investigated the growth advantages afforded by this technique over standard culture methods, and determined the cellular and molecular basis of CRC cell culture effects. We found that the CRC method allowed the production of 7.1 × 10(10) cells after 4 passages, approximately 379 times more cells than were generated by the standard bronchial epithelial growth media (BEGM) method. These nasal airway epithelial cells expressed normal basal cell markers and could be induced to form a mucociliary epithelium. Progenitor cell frequency was significantly higher using the CRC method in comparison to the standard culture method, and progenitor cell maintenance was dependent on addition of the Rho-kinase inhibitor Y-27632. Whole-transcriptome sequencing analysis demonstrated widespread gene expression changes in Y-27632-treated basal cells. We found that Y-27632 treatment altered expression of genes fundamental to the formation of the basal cell cytoskeleton, cell-cell junctions, and cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions. Importantly, we found that Y-27632 treatment up-regulated expression of unique basal cell intermediate filament and desmosomal genes. Conversely, Y-27632 down-regulated multiple families of protease/antiprotease genes involved in ECM remodeling. We conclude that Y-27632 fundamentally alters cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions, which preserves basal progenitor cells and allows greater cell amplification.
Macrophage infiltration-associated thymidine phosphorylase expression correlates with increased microvessel density and poor prognosis in astrocytic tumors. (2001)

These findings suggest that TP might play a crucial role in angiogenesis during glioma development, and immunodetection of TP is useful for clinical prediction. Further studies are necessary to better elucidate the role of TP in glioma, which may provide insights into adequate TP-targeted therapy.
Chicken Antibodies to Group a Streptococcal Carbohydrate (1973)

Abstract Adult chickens were hyperimmunized with group A streptococcal vaccine in an attempt to elicit the formation of high levels of antibody of restricted heterogeneity. All birds produced precipitating antibody after 3 weeks of immunization. The highest concentration was ∼8.6 mg/ml. After 6 weeks of immunization the highest level was ∼13 mg/ml and even after 6 weeks most birds had both IgM and IgY. Approximately 10% of specifically purified antibody preparations contained some IgA. In each case this was associated with the macroglobulin fraction of Sephadex G-200. Of the 37 different antibody preparations examined only ∼5% (two IgM preparations) showed a clear restriction in L chain heterogeneity. These data indicate that like rabbits and sharks, chickens can produce high levels of antibody to a group A streptococcal carbohydrate with some antibody preparations showing restricted heterogeneity.
Technologies for multimedia communications (1994)

A number of technologies/spl minus/based upon the sensory modalities of sight, sound, and touch/spl minus/are becoming well enough established that their coordinated application can expand capabilities for human/machine interaction. This paper examines evolving advances in natural language communication with machines, video, and audio compression, spatially realistic conferencing, tactile interaction, and high-speed data communication. It considers the integration of these technologies into networked information systems to achieve synergistic benefits for the human user.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Non-Peptide Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Antagonists:  Syntheses and Structure−Activity Relationships of 2-Anilinopyrimidines and -triazines (1999)

Screening of our chemical library using a rat corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) receptor assay led to the discovery that 2-anilinopyrimidine 15-1 weakly displaced [125I]-0-Tyr-oCRH from rat frontal cortex homogenates when compared to the known peptide antagonist alpha-helical CRH(9-41) (Ki = 5700 nM vs 1 nM). Furthermore, 15-1 weakly inhibited CRH-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity in the same tissue, but it was less potent than alpha-helical CRH(9-41) (IC50 = 20 000 nM vs 250 nM). Systematic structure-activity relationship studies, using the cloned human CRH1 receptor assay, defined the pharmacophore for optimal binding to hCRH1 receptors. Several high-affinity 2-anilinopyrimidines and -triazines were discovered, some of which had superior pharmacokinetic profiles in the rat. This paper describes the structure-activity studies which improved hCRH1 receptor binding affinity and pharmacokinetic parameters in the rat. Compound 28-17 (mean hCRH1 Ki = 32 nM) had a significantly improved pharmacokinetic profile in the rat (19% oral bioavailability at 30 mg/kg) as well as in the dog (20% oral bioavailability at 5 mg/kg) relative to the early lead structures.
The Targeted Immunocytokine L19-IL2 Efficiently Inhibits the Growth of Orthotopic Pancreatic Cancer (2008)

These preclinical results strongly encourage the initiation of clinical studies using L19-IL-2 in pancreatic cancer.
Interleukin‐12 Antagonist Activity of Mouse Interleukin‐12 p40 Homodimer <i>in Vitro</i> and <i>in Vivo</i> (1996)

Mo(p40)2 is a potent IL-12 antagonist that interacts strongly with the beta 1 subunit of the IL-12R to block binding of moIL-12 to the high-affinity mouse IL-12R. Mo(p40)2, alone or in synergy with the 2B5 mAb specific for the moIL-12 heterodimer, blocked IL-12-induced responses in vitro, Mo(p40)2 was thus used alone or with 2B5 mAb to examine the role of IL-12 in vivo, Mo(p40)2 caused a dose-dependent inhibition of both the rise in serum IFN-gamma levels in mice injected with endotoxin and the Th1-like response to immunization with KLH. Treatment with mo(p40)2 plus 2B5 anti-moIL-12 mAb also suppressed DTH responses to methylated bovine serum albumin but not specific allogeneic CTL responses in vivo. In each of these models, responses seen in mice treated with mo(p40)2 +/- 2B5 anti-moIL-12 mAb were similar to those observed in IL-12 knockout mice. Thus, mo(p40)2 can act as a potent IL-12 antagonist in vivo, as well as in vitro, and is currently being used to investigate the role of IL-12 in the pathogenesis of some Th1-associated autoimmune disorders in mice.
Immuno-Analysis and FACS Sorting of Adult Muscle Fiber-Associated Stem/Precursor Cells (2010)

We describe the immunostaining methods we commonly use to detect the more robust cell markers identifying the various cell populations obtained by the enzymatic and or mechanical dissociation of muscle satellite cells: CD34, m-Cadherin, and Pax7, self-renewing muscle stem cells expressing CXCR4 and beta1-integrin, populations of proliferative myogenic progenitor cells expressing, Pax3, Pax7, Myf5, MyoD1, and desmin, differentiating myoblasts expressing myogenin and eMHC, and the CD45 expressing leukocyte lineage cells that infiltrate injured and regenerating skeletal muscle.
Sol-gel preparation of scratch-resistant Al2O3 coatings on float glass (1999)

Glass surfaces including those of automotive glazing show insufficient scratch resistance. In order to improve this, a sol-gel process has been developed by means of which scratch-resistant and transparent corundum coatings (α-Al 2 O 3 ) may be deposited on glass surfaces. Coatings which were produced by using commercial boehmite(AlOOH) dispersions could also be completely transformed into α-Al 2 O 3 , but they were not dense enough at about 500 nm thickness. Coatings produced by an alkoxide-gel process from aluminium butoxide were dense at a thickness of maximal 100 nm and adhered very well to the glass surface which had been slightly roughened by HF etching. A scratch test with a quartz grain showed that the damage of the glass surfaces coated in this way was less than 2% compared to that of uncoated surfaces. Transmission of these coated glasses was about 90% in the visible wavelength range.
Aromatics Production via Catalytic Pyrolysis of Pyrolytic Lignins from Bio-Oil (2010)

Herein we reported a promising method for the production of aromatics from pyrolytic lignin (PL). Compared to the lignins derived from pulping process, the PLs obtained from bio-oil give more aromatics (40% in carbon yield) and do not generate effluvial gas containing sulfur. More importantly, phenols are the main products with selectivity over 90% at 600 °C without catalyst. In the presence of ZSM-5, the coke deposition was not obvious and the selectivity for aromatic hydrocarbons is more than 87%, indicating robustness of ZSM-5 for deoxygenating and high tolerance to PLs. Therefore we have demonstrated the catalytic pyrolysis of PLs is an alternative way to produce fuel additives and useful chemicals.