gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Antithrombotic Effect of Aurin Tricarboxylic Acid in the Guinea Pig Is not Solely due to Its Interaction with the von Willebrand Factor-GPIb Axis (1996)

Commercial aurin tricarboxylic acid (ATA) has been reported to interfere specifically with von Willebrand factor-glycoprotein Ib (vWF-GPIb) axis. This study was designed to explore the antithrombotic effects of ATA by examining its effects on guinea pig platelet function in vitro, in vivo and ex vivo. In vitro, addition of various concentrations of ATA to platelet-rich guinea pig plasma totally inhibited ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation, as expected. Unexpectedly, however, ATA similarly inhibited the aggregation induced by ADP, PAF, collagen, I-BOP (a thromboxane A2/prostaglandin H2 analogue) and arachidonic acid. In vivo, the antithrombotic action of ATA was assessed in a model of acute platelet-dependent guinea pig mesenteric artery thrombosis triggered by laser-induced intimal injury. As the thrombotic response of arteries to such injury is a spontaneous cyclic recurrent process, 5 arteries in each animal were consecutively studied for 15 min each after i.v. bolus injection of 5, 7.5 or 10 mg/kg of ATA, which reduced the number of recurrent thrombi per artery in a dose-dependent manner. The highest dose of 10 mg/kg induced maximal inhibition of thrombus formation (72%, p < 0.001) 5 min after injection. Ex vivo, platelet aggregation was assessed in blood samples taken before and after i.v. bolus injection of 10 or 15 mg/kg ATA. Ten mg/kg significantly inhibited collagen-induced aggregation, and 15 mg/kg, the aggregation induced by ristocetin, ADP, PAF, collagen, I-BOP and arachidonic acid. The results of the in vivo studies confirmed that ATA is an effective antithrombotic agent. In the in vitro and ex vivo studies, ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation confirmed that ATA interacts with the vWF-GPIb axis, and suggests that the final common pathway of the aggregation induced by other agents tested consists of fibrinogen binding to the platelet GPIIb/IIIa receptor. We conclude that ATA interferes with vWF binding to GPIb, that it may interact with fibrinogen binding to GPIIb/IIIa, and that it might possess potent antithrombotic properties in platelet-mediated thrombosis.
Gastric acidity and acid breakthrough with twice‐daily omeprazole or lansoprazole (2000)

In healthy volunteers, twice-daily dosing of omeprazole 20 mg b.d. appears to be significantly more effective than lansoprazole 30 mg b.d. in controlling gastric acidity. The clinical importance of such a difference remains to be defined in GERD patients.
Identity Uncertainty and Citation Matching (2002)

Identity uncertainty is a pervasive problem in real-world data analysis. It arises whenever objects are not labeled with unique identifiers or when those identifiers may not be perceived perfectly. In such cases, two observations may or may not correspond to the same object. In this paper, we consider the problem in the context of citation matching -- the problem of deciding which citations correspond to the same publication. Our approach is based on the use of a relational probability model to define a generative model for the domain, including models of author and title corruption and a probabilistic citation grammar. Identity uncertainty is handled by extending standard models to incorporate probabilities over the possible mappings between terms in the language and objects in the domain. Inference is based on Markov chain Monte Carlo, augmented with specific methods for generating efficient proposals when the domain contains many objects. Results on several citation data sets show that the method outperforms current algorithms for citation matching. The declarative, relational nature of the model also means that our algorithm can determine object characteristics such as author names by combining multiple citations of multiple papers.
The hematologic toxicity of interleukin-2 in patients with metastatic melanoma and renal cell carcinoma (1995)

During IL-2 therapy, adverse sequelae of anemia, thrombocytopenia, coagulopathy, and leukopenia were usually mild, transient and rarely limited therapy. A profound decrease in lymphocytes in the peripheral circulation occurred within 24 hours after initiating therapy, with a rebound occurring after stopping IL-2. No specific hematologic parameter was associated significantly with a patient's increased probability of responding to therapy.
Blood pressure in Nigerian college males. (1990)

Hypertension is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in US black populations. There are however limited data available on college educated blacks in either the United States or Africa. The purpose of the present study was to examine blood pressure and its correlates in a Nigerian college population in comparison with US data. The study population comprised 211 Nigerian male college students (mean age, 20.9 years). The means and standard deviations for systolic and diastolic blood pressures among the Nigerians were 119.9 (12.6) and 73.3 (10.0) mm Hg, respectively. Weight, height, and body mass index means for the Nigerians were 133.6 pounds, 68.5 inches, and 20.1 kg/m2, respectively. Compared with US college-educated blacks, the Nigerians had higher systolic blood pressures but were leaner than their US counterparts. There was however a significant positive correlation between weight and systolic blood pressure for the Nigerians, which was similar to that observed among US college students. These data suggest that in a lean population, the Nigerian males' weight is still an important correlate of blood pressure as is seen in the US.
Brimonidine in the treatment of glaucoma and ocular hypertension (2006)

Treatment in glaucoma aims to lower intraocular pressure (IOP) to reduce the risk of progression and vision loss. The alpha2-adrenergic receptor agonist brimonidine effectively lowers IOP and is useful as monotherapy, adjunctive therapy, and replacement therapy in open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. A fixed combination of brimonidine and timolol, available in some countries, reduces IOP as effectively as concomitant therapy with brimonidine and timolol and offers the convenience of 2 drugs in a single eyedrop. Brimonidine is safe and well tolerated. Its most common side-effects are conjunctival hyperemia, allergic conjunctivitis, and ocular pruritus. The newest formulation of brimonidine, brimonidine-Purite 0.1%, has a higher pH to improve the ocular bioavailability of brimonidine. This formulation contains the lowest effective concentration of brimonidine and is preserved with Purite(R) to enhance ocular tolerability. Brimonidine-Purite 0.1% is as effective in reducing IOP as the original brimonidine 0.2% solution preserved with benzalkonium chloride. Recent results from preclinical and clinical studies suggest that brimonidine may protect retinal ganglion cells and their projections from damage and death independently of its effects on IOP. The potential for neuroprotection with brimonidine is an added benefit of its use in glaucoma and ocular hypertension.
Small structural changes of the imidazopyridine diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2) inhibitors produce an improved safety profile (2016)

Small molecule DGAT2 inhibitors have shown promise for the treatment of metabolic diseases in preclinical models. Herein, we report the first toxicological evaluation of imidazopyridine-based DGAT2 inhibitors and show that the arteriopathy associated with imidazopyridine <b>1</b> can be mitigated with small structural modifications, and is thus not mechanism related.
Ovarian Steroid-Regulated Synthesis and Secretion of Complement C3 and Factor B in Mouse Endometrium During the Natural Estrous Cycle and Pregnancy Period1 (2002)

We demonstrate the presence of complement factor B (Bf) and complement C3 in uterine luminal fluid collected from estrogen-stimulated immature and adult female mice. We examined the synthesis and secretion of these two proteins in mouse endometrium at various stages of the natural estrous cycle and during the pregnancy period. The mRNA levels of these two proteins increased markedly in proestrus and estrus and declined sharply in metestrus to an undetectable level. The Bf mRNA remained undetectable, whereas a readily detectable C3 mRNA level reappeared, in diestrus. Meanwhile, these two proteins were immunolocalized to the apical cytoplasm of glandular and luminal epithelial cells of the endometrium during the estrous cycle. Administration of an estrogenic steroid to immature or ovariectomized adult mice markedly stimulated the expression of Bf, C3, and their RNA messages in the endometrium, whereas injection of progesterone alone to ovariectomized animals did not stimulate their expression. Expression of C3 was remarkably enhanced, whereas that of Bf changed only slightly, after injection of combined estrogen and progesterone to ovariectomized animals. In pregnant mice (Day [D] 1 = day of vaginal plug), Bf mRNA was at a high level on D1 and D2, dropped to an almost undetectable level from D3 to D8, and then increased to a low level thereafter until delivery. The C3 mRNA was at a high level on D1, dropped on D2 to an almost undetectable level from D3 to D9, increased to a very high level from D10 to D18, and then declined sharply before delivery. Immunohistochemical patterns of both proteins in the endometrium during preimplantation were positively correlated with changes in their mRNA levels.
CE Credit: What You Need to Know about: Radiofrequency Ablation (1993)

Rosemary S. Bubien, Susan M. Knotts, Sylvia McLaughlin, Pam George, CE Credit: What You Need to Know about: Radiofrequency Ablation, The American Journal of Nursing, Vol. 93, No. 7 (Jul., 1993), pp. 30-37
PDA: a tool for automated problem determination (2007)

Problem determination remains one of the most expensive and time-consuming functions in system management due to the difficulty in automating what is essentially a highly experience-dependent task. In this paper we study the characteristics of problem tickets in an enterprise IT infrastructure and observe that most of the tickets come from very few products and modules, and OS problems present higher resolving duration. We propose PDA, a problem management tool that provides automated problem diagnosis capabilities to assist system administrators in solving realworld problems more efficiently. PDA uses a two-level approach of proactive, high-level system health checks, coupled with rule-based ‘‘drill-down’ ’ probing to automatically collect detailed information related to the problem. Our tool allows system administrators to author and customize probes and rules accordingly and share across the organization. We illustrate the usage and benefits of PDA with a number of UNIX problem scenarios that show PDA is able to quickly collect key information through its rules to aid in problem determination.
Synthesis of 3,4-dihydro-1H-1,3,4-benzotriazepine-2,5-diones (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of 3,4-dihydro-1H-1,3,4-benzotriazepine-2,5-dionesNorton P. Peet and Shyam SunderCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1975, 40, 13, 1909–1914Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00901a008https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00901a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views284Altmetric-Citations46LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Classification, Filtering, and Identification of Electrical Customer Load Patterns Through the Use of Self-Organizing Maps (2006)

Different methodologies are available for clustering purposes. The objective of this paper is to review the capacity of some of them and specifically to test the ability of self-organizing maps (SOMs) to filter, classify, and extract patterns from distributor, commercializer, or customer electrical demand databases. These market participants can achieve an interesting benefit through the knowledge of these patterns, for example, to evaluate the potential for distributed generation, energy efficiency, and demand-side response policies (market analysis). For simplicity, customer classification techniques usually used the historic load curves of each user. The first step in the methodology presented in this paper is anomalous data filtering: holidays, maintenance, and wrong measurements must be removed from the database. Subsequently, two different treatments (frequency and time domain) of demand data were tested to feed SOM maps and evaluate the advantages of each approach. Finally, the ability of SOM to classify new customers in different clusters is also examined. Both steps have been performed through a well-known technique: SOM maps. The results clearly show the suitability of this approach to improve data management and to easily find coherent clusters between electrical users, accounting for relevant information about weekend demand patterns
Formulation of radiographically detectable gastrointestinal contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging: Effects of a barium sulfate additive on MR contrast agent effectiveness (1992)

Complete and homogeneous distribution of gastrointestinal (GI) contrast media are important factors for their effective use in computed tomography as well as in magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. A radiographic method (using fluoroscopy or spot films) could be effective for monitoring intestinal filling with GI contrast agents for MR imaging (GICMR), but it would require the addition of a radiopaque agent to most GICMR. This study was conducted to determine the minimum amount of barium additive necessary to be radiographically visible and to evaluate whether this additive influences the signal characteristics of the GICMR. A variety of barium sulfate preparations (3-12% wt/vol) were tested in dogs to determine the minimum quantity needed to make the administered agent visible during fluoroscopy and on abdominal radiographs. Solutions of 10 different potential GI contrast agents (Gd-DTPA, ferric ammonium citrate, Mn-DPDP, chromium-EDTA, gadolinium-oxalate, ferrite particles, water, mineral oil, lipid emulsion, and methylcellulose) were prepared without ("nondoped") and with ("doped") the barium sulfate additive. MR images of the solutions in tubes were obtained at 0.38 T using 10 different spin-echo pulse sequences. Region of interest (ROI) measurements of contrast agent signal intensity (SI) were made. In addition, for the paramagnetic contrast media, the longitudinal and transverse relaxivity (R1 and R2) were measured. A 6% wt/vol suspension of barium was the smallest concentration yielding adequate radiopacity in the GI tract. Except for gadolinium-oxalate, there was no statistically significant difference in SI for doped and non-doped solutions with most pulse sequences used. In addition, the doped and nondoped solutions yielded R1 and R2 values which were comparable. We conclude that barium sulfate 6% wt/vol added to MR contrast agents produces a suspension with sufficient radiodensity to be viewed radiographically, and it does not cause significant alteration in the MR signal appearance of most GICMR. These formulations can be useful for achieving optimal filling of the gastrointestinal tract prior to MRI.
Microwave‐Assisted Click Chemistry for the Preparation of 3‐ and 4‐Triazolyl‐2(1<i>H</i>)‐quinolones as Potential Fluorescent Probes (2007)

Abstract Synthetic pathways toward the preparation of selected 3‐ and 4‐triazolyl‐2(1 H )‐quinolones with expected fluorescent properties were investigated. Crucial steps for the synthesis were the Cu(I)‐catalyzed 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of an organic azide to a terminal acetylene (click chemistry) as well as the photochemical rearrangement of quinoline N ‐oxides into quinoline‐2(1 H )‐ones. The click procedure was facilitated by controlled microwave irradiation.
Some Structural Antigens of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (1975)

Several of the major structural polypeptides of herpes simplex virus were obtained in purified form by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of purified virus particle polypeptides. Antisera made by footpad inoculation of these polypeptides into rabbits were used to study the antigenic properties of two envelope glycoproteins and of the major capsid protein.
Combination Therapy With Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 and Gastrin Restores Normoglycemia in Diabetic NOD Mice (2008)

Combination therapy with GLP-1 and gastrin restores normoglycemia in diabetic NOD mice by increasing the pancreatic beta-cell mass and downregulating the autoimmune response.
Connexins and Cardiac Arrhythmias (2006)

During cardiac remodeling, impulse conduction in the heart is altered by changes in excitability, electrical coupling, and tissue architecture. The impairment of normal impulse conduction is one of the factors that increases the propensity for arrhythmias. This chapter focuses on the relationship between electrical coupling between ventricular myocytes and arrhythmogenesis. Mouse models of decreased electrical coupling in the heart have shown that a clinically relevant 50% reduction in gap junctions in the heart has no effect on impulse conduction or arrhythmogenesis. To impair conduction and arrhythmias, coupling has to be reduced to very low levels. Apparently, there is a large conduction reserve, which can preserve normal impulse conduction even when electrical coupling is moderately reduced. However, cardiac remodeling is also associated with reduced excitability and increased levels of collagen deposition (fibrosis). It is therefore presumably the combination of, in itself ineffective, reduction of electrical coupling with other impairments like fibrosis or reduced excitability that causes the limits of conduction reserve to be exceeded, thereby resulting in abnormal impulse conduction and enhanced arrhythmogenesis.
C-Reactive Protein and Interleukin-6 Levels Are Related to Renal Function in Predialytic Chronic Renal Failure (2002)

IL-6 and CRP were increased and were inversely related to creatinine clearance in our population of 103 chronic predialytic patients. The possibility of a decreased renal clearance of CRP and/or cytokines as a cause of an activated acute-phase response is discussed. A negative correlation between CRP and S-albumin was found confirming the link between chronic inflammation and malnutrition in chronic renal patients.
Dissolution of Spinel Oxides and Capacity Losses in 4 V Li / Li x Mn2 O 4 Cells (1996)

Dissolution of spinel manganese oxides and the concomitant cathodic capacity losses were examined in 4 V Li/PC +&#13;\nDME + LiClO4/LiMn2O4 cells where PC is propylene carbonate and DME is dimethoxyethane. Dissolved Mn2 contents&#13;\nin the electrolytes were analyzed as a function of cathode potential and carbon contents in the composite cathodes.&#13;\nCharacteristically, manganese dissolution was notably high at the charged state (at &gt;4.1 V vs. Li/Lit), in which potential&#13;\nrange an electrochemical oxidation of the solvent molecules was also prominent. From this and another observation&#13;\nwhereby the Mn dissolution increased with increasing carbon content in the composite cathodes, it was proposed that, at&#13;\nthe charged state of the cathode the solvent molecules are electrochemically oxidized on carbon surfaces and an as-generated&#13;\nspecies promotes the manganese dissolution. Results of an ac impedance study revealed that Mn dissolution brings&#13;\nabout an increase in contact resistances at the Mn-depleted spinel/carbon interface, and also in the electrode reaction&#13;\nresistances for Li intercalation/deintercalation. Thus, the Mn dissolution causes capacity losses in two different pathways;&#13;\nmaterial loss of the loaded spinel and polarization loss due to a cell resistance increment. The former prevailed&#13;\nwhen cathodes contained excess amounts of carbon, while the latter became more of a problem as the carbon contents&#13;\ndecreased.
High-contrast gratings for integrated optoelectronics (2012)

Integrated optoelectronics has seen its rapid development in the past decade. From its original primary application in long-haul optical communications and access network, integrated optoelectronics has expanded itself to data center, consumer electronics, energy harness, environmental sensing, biological and medical imaging, industry manufacture control etc. This revolutionary progress benefits from the advancement in light generation, manipulation, detection and its interaction with other systems. Device innovation is the key in this advancement. Together they build up the component library for integrated optoelectronics, which facilities the system integration. High contrast grating (HCG) is an emerging element in integrated optoelectronics. Compared to the other elements, HCG has very rich properties and design flexibility. Some of them are fascinating and extraordinary, such as broadband high reflectivity, and high quality factor resonance - all it needs is a single thin-layer of HCG. Furthermore, it can be a microelectromechanical structure. These rich properties are readily to be harnessed and turned into novel devices.This dissertation is devoted to investigate the physical origins of the extraordinary features of HCG, and explore its applications in novel devices for integrated optoelectronics. An intuitive picture will be presented to explain the HCG physics. The essence of HCG lies in its superb manipulation of light, which can be coupled to applications in light generation and detection. Various device innovations, such as low-loss hollow-core waveguide, fast optical phased array, tunable VCSEL and detector are demonstrated with the HCG as a key element. This breadth of functionality of HCG suggests that HCG has reached beyond a single element in integrated optoelectronics; it has enabled a new platform for integrated optoelectronics.