gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Immunohistochemical analysis of p53 and MIB-1 in tissue specimens obtained from endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy for the diagnosis of solid pancreatic masses. (2005)

Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy (EUS-FNAB) has been shown to be a highly accurate technique for distinguishing benign from malignant pancreatic masses. In this study, we examined p53 immunohistochemical analysis in FNAB specimens obtained from solid pancreatic diseases, and prospectively evaluated clinical applications for the diagnosis of malignancy in combination routine histological examination. Tissue specimens obtained from 62 pancreatic masses (51 pancreatic cancers and 11 chronic pancreatitis) by EUS-FNAB were evaluated by routine histological examination and p53 immunostaining. The conventional EUS-FNA diagnostic test statistics for the pancreatic masses were as follows: 76% sensitivity, 91% specificity and 79% accuracy. p53 protein overexpression was observed in 67% patients with pancreatic cancer, but not in patients with chronic pancreatitis. If the diagnosis of malignancy was made using the combination of p53 protein overexpression and conventional histological examination, the diagnostic test statistics changed as follows: 90% sensitivity, 91% specificity and 92% accuracy. p53 immunostaining in combination with routine histological examination of EUS-FNAB may improve the diagnostic accuracy for pancreatic cancer.
Elimination of clonogenic tumor cells from human bone marrow using a combination of monoclonal antibody:ricin A chain conjugates. (1986)

Effective autologous bone marrow transplantation for leukemia and lymphoma is likely to depend upon the selective removal in vitro of malignant cells from normal human bone marrow precursors. Highly specific cytotoxic conjugates formed by coupling ricin A chain to monoclonal antibodies might prove useful for the selective elimination of malignant cells. Consequently, ricin A chain conjugates have been prepared with several different murine monoclonal antibodies and tested for their ability to eliminate clonogenic Burkitt's lymphoma cells from an excess of human bone marrow. The most active reagents included an antibody:A chain conjugate which bound to the nonpolymorphic chain of the la molecule and another which reacted with the mu heavy chain of cell surface immunoglobulin. Conjugates formed with anti-common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen, anti-Mr 26,000 glycoprotein, and anti-B1 were much less active on these Burkitt's cells, contrasting with results of complement-dependent tumor cell lysis. Tumor cell kill was partially inhibited by the addition of greater than 2 X 10(6) human bone marrow cells/ml but could be potentiated by increasing the concentration of conjugate or by the addition of 10 mM ammonium chloride. In the presence of ammonium chloride, at least 4 logs of clonogenic tumor cells could be eliminated within 24 h from a 20-fold excess of bone marrow using 10(-7) M ricin A chain linked to one or two different antibodies. Similar treatment of normal human bone marrow temporarily inhibited granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming units (cell) formation but did not compromise establishment of continuous bone marrow cultures. The degree of selective elimination of tumor cells with A chain antibody conjugates was comparable to that achieved with 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide or with multiple monoclonal antibodies and complement.
Fluticasone propionate aqueous nasal spray: a well‐tolerated and effective treatment for children with perennial rhinitis (1996)

A total of 535 children aged 4-11 years with perennial rhinitis were recruited to two double-blind studies performed at 56 centres in eight European countries, Israel, and South Africa. One study compared the efficacy and tolerability of fluticasone propionate aqueous nasal spray (FPANS), at either 100 micrograms once daily (od) or 100 micrograms twice daily (bd), with beclomethasone dipropionate (BDPANS) 200 micrograms bd for 12 weeks in 120 children aged 6-11 years. The second study compared FPANS 100 micrograms od with FPANS 200 micrograms od and placebo for 4 weeks in 415 children aged 4-11 years. Efficacy was determined by means of patient assessments of nasal symptoms of perennial rhinitis and by investigator assessments of symptoms and nasal condition. The symptoms of nasal blockage, on waking and during the day, sneezing, rhinorrhoea, and nasal itching were assessed by the investigator at clinic visits and by the completion of a patient daily diary card. Safety was assessed by collection of adverse event information, routine haematology and biochemistry testing, and monitoring plasma cortisol levels. FPANS demonstrated good control of symptoms at each dose regimen, which was equivalent or superior to BDPANS and superior to placebo. There was no difference between the dose regimens of FPANS. FPANS was as well tolerated as placebo and BDPANS. It is concluded that FPANS 100 micrograms od is an effective and well-tolerated treatment for perennial rhinitis in children aged 4-11 years.
Increased CCR5 Affinity and Reduced CCR5/CD4 Dependence of a Neurovirulent Primary Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Isolate (2002)

Most human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) viruses in the brain use CCR5 as the principal coreceptor for entry into a cell. However, additional phenotypic characteristics are necessary for HIV-1 neurotropism. Furthermore, neurotropic strains are not necessarily neurovirulent. To better understand the determinants of HIV-1 neurovirulence, we isolated viruses from brain tissue samples from three AIDS patients with dementia and HIV-1 encephalitis and analyzed their ability to induce syncytia in monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) and neuronal apoptosis in primary brain cultures. Two R5X4 viruses (MACS1-br and MACS1-spln) were highly fusogenic in MDM and induced neuronal apoptosis. The R5 viruses UK1-br and MACS2-br are both neurotropic. However, only UK1-br induced high levels of fusion in MDM and neuronal apoptosis. Full-length Env clones from UK1-br required lower CCR5 and CD4 levels than Env clones from MACS2-br to function efficiently in cell-to-cell fusion and single-round infection assays. UK1-br Envs also had a greater affinity for CCR5 than MACS2-br Envs in binding assays. Relatively high levels of UK1-br and MACS2-br Envs bound to CCR5 in the absence of soluble CD4. However, these Envs could not mediate CD4-independent infection, and MACS2-br Envs were unable to mediate fusion or infection in cells expressing low levels of CD4. The UK1-br virus was more resistant than MACS2-br to inhibition by the CCR5-targeted inhibitors TAK-779 and Sch-C. UK1-br was more sensitive than MACS2-br to neutralization by monoclonal antibodies (2F5 and immunoglobulin G1b12 [IgG1b12]) and CD4-IgG2. These results predict the presence of HIV-1 variants with increased CCR5 affinity and reduced dependence on CCR5 and CD4 in the brains of some AIDS patients with central nervous system disease and suggest that R5 variants with increased CCR5 affinity may represent a pathogenic viral phenotype contributing to the neurodegenerative manifestations of AIDS.
Is Circulating Endotoxin the Trigger for the Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome Seen After Injury? (1997)

These findings call into question the idea that circulating LPS is the trigger for increased proinflammatory cytokine production, systemic inflammatory response syndrome, and septic complications in injured patients.
Receiver architectures for HomePNA 2.0 (2002)

The performance of the Home-PNA 2.0 physical layer is investigated using an appropriate channel model to characterize the home phone line network at around 7 MHz. This reveals considerable dispersion which causes intersymbol interference, so a number of equalizer structures are considered to improve the performance for each of the two possible system symbol rates. The two basic equalization techniques which are analyzed are symbol spaced and fractionally spaced decision feedback equalizers (DFEs) trained with a recursive least square (RLS) adaptation algorithm. Computer simulations show that the performance of the system can be greatly improved at the lower rate, but at the higher rate, which is not mandatory, performance can still be significantly degraded, even with a sizeable equalizer.
Silicon‐On‐Insulator by Wafer Bonding: A Review (1991)

Various approaches to wafer bonding technology are reviewed. Bonding kinetics are discussed as well as different mechanical and chemical thinning techniques. The structural and electrical qualities of state‐of‐the‐art bonded SOI silicon films and devices built in them are detailed. Problems faced by this technology are evaluated.
Chemistry of singlet oxygen. IX. Stable dioxetane from photooxygenation of tetramethoxyethylene (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemistry of singlet oxygen. IX. Stable dioxetane from photooxygenation of tetramethoxyethyleneStephen Mazur and Christopher S. FooteCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1970, 92, 10, 3225–3226Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00713a073https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00713a073research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views426Altmetric-Citations108LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
VAMP/synaptobrevin cleavage by tetanus and botulinum neurotoxins is strongly enhanced by acidic liposomes (2003)

Tetanus and botulinum neurotoxins (TeNT and BoNTs) block neuroexocytosis via specific cleavage and inactivation of SNARE proteins. Such activity is exerted by the N-terminal 50 kDa light chain (L) domain, which is a zinc-dependent endopeptidase. TeNT, BoNT/B, /D, /F and /G cleave vesicle associated membrane protein (VAMP), a protein of the neurotransmitter-containing small synaptic vesicles, at different single peptide bonds. Since the proteolytic activity of these metalloproteases is higher on native VAMP inserted in synaptic vesicles than on recombinant VAMP, we have investigated the influence of liposomes of different lipid composition on this activity. We found that the rate of VAMP cleavage with all neurotoxins tested here is strongly enhanced by negatively charged lipid mixtures. This effect is at least partially due to the binding of the metalloprotease to the lipid membranes, with electrostatic interactions playing an important role.
Hepatopancreatic multi‐transcript expression patterns in the crayfish <i>Cherax quadricarinatus</i> during the moult cycle (2007)

Alterations of hepatopancreatic multi-transcript expression patterns, related to induced moult cycle, were identified in male Cherax quadricarinatus through cDNA microarray hybridizations of hepatopancreatic transcript populations. Moult was induced by X-organ sinus gland extirpation or by repeated injections of 20-hydroxyecdysone. Manipulated males were sacrificed at premoult or early postmoult, and a reference population was sacrificed at intermoult. Differentially expressed genes among the four combinations of two induction methods and two moult stages were identified. Biologically interesting clusters revealing concurrently changing transcript expressions across treatments were selected, characterized by a general shift of expression throughout premoult and early postmoult vs. intermoult, or by different premoult vs. postmoult expressions. A number of genes were differentially expressed in 20-hydroxyecdysone-injected crayfish vs. X-organ sinus gland extirpated males.
Huntington disease (chorea) in the middle East. (2009)

Huntington disease (HD) has been reported in Arab families in several Middle East countries including Saudi Arabia, Oman, Syria, Lebanon, and Egypt and in non-Arab populations in other countries in the region. It is probably under-reported, and until now, has not been recorded in Yemen, the United Arab Emirates, Jordan or in Iraq. The Middle East has always been on the crossroads of trade and travel, and HD was probably introduced to some of these countries in previous times. The prevalence rate in Middle Eastern Arabs is estimated to vary from 3 to 4 per 100,000. Although the HD gene which codes for the protein huntingtin has been identified, the function of this protein is not known. At present, no treatment has been found to delay the onset of HD or to treat it effectively. Although relatively rare, HD has increasingly become a focus of international gene research, with the support and collaboration of the International Huntington Association (IHA). The IHA has been represented in Saudi Arabia and Oman.
Surface plasmon cross coupling in molecular fluorescence near a corrugated thin metal film (1986)

Surface plasmons on opposite sides of a thin metal film can cross couple in the presence of a surface corrugation, or grating. We report the observation of this cross-coupling phenomenon as a radiative-decay mechanism for molecules near a corrugated thin metal film.
Observation of diminished specular reflectivity from phase-conjugate mirrors (1989)

We observe that the specular reflectivity from the input face of a ${\mathrm{BaTiO}}_{3}$ phase-conjugate mirror decreases by over 600% relative to the standard Fresnel reflectivity value upon the onset of phase conjugation, or wave-front reversal. Reasonable agreement is obtained using a model involving the destructive interference of the Fresnel-reflected beam with a series of phase-conjugate wave generated internal to the crystal. The basic diminishing effect should be universal and hence observable in other classes of self-pumped and externally pumped phase conjugators.
Pd-Catalyzed Coupling of Tetrafluoroethylene with Arylzinc Compounds (2011)

The first example of a palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling of perfluoroethylene with arylzinc compounds in the presence of lithium ­iodide is reported. The resulting α,β,β-trifluoro­styrene derivatives are obtained in moderate to good yields.
Localpiecewise linear regression (1999)

In this paper, we propose a new nonparametric estimator called the local piecewise linear regression estimator. The proposed estimator has the advantages of the regression spline and the local linear regression estimator but overcomes the drawbacks of both. Here we study the asymptotic behavior of the proposed estimator. Under suitable conditions, we derive the leading bias and variance terms of the local piecewise linear regression estimator at the interior and boundary points for both the fixed design and the random design. As a result, we are able to see clearly many optimal properties of the local piecewise linear regression estimator. For example, the proposed estimator is efficient, designadaptive and computationally inexpensive, and it suffers no boundary effects.
Amplification of a chromosomal region in Bacillus subtilis (1985)

We report on the amplification in Bacillus subtilis of a defined DNA sequence after exposure of the bacteria to increasing levels of antibiotic. The experimental system consisted of transformation of competent cells with a plasmid (pRHA39) unable to replicate in the host and carrying the alpha-amylase gene derived from B. subtilis. Selection of transformants resistant to 5 micrograms of chloramphenicol per ml resulted in the isolation of strains with the plasmid integrated into the chromosome at the site of homology, by a Campbell type mechanism. Starting from such a nontandem duplication, amplification was achieved by growing the bacteria in increasing concentrations of chloramphenicol. By dilution, Southern blotting, and hybridization to a radioactive probe, we estimated a copy number of about 10 for the amplified sequence of samples grown in the presence of 50 micrograms of chloramphenicol per ml. No free plasmid could be detected in the amplified strains. The extent of the amplified region was the same for all transformants, and the endpoints appeared to be the same in all isolates. As a consequence of the amplification, there was a noticeable increase in amylase production, and the amount of enzyme produced correlated with gene dosage. The amplification did not occur in a recE genetic background.
In-vitro infection of pupae with Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus suggests variation for susceptibility and disturbance of transcriptional homeostasis in honey bees (Apis mellifera) (2013)

The ongoing decline of honey bee health worldwide is a serious economic and ecological concern. One major contributor to the decline are pathogens, including several honey bee viruses. However, information is limited on the biology of bee viruses and molecular interactions with their hosts. An experimental protocol to test these systems was developed, using injections of Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus (IAPV) into honey bee pupae reared ex-situ under laboratory conditions. The infected pupae developed pronounced but variable patterns of disease. Symptoms varied from complete cessation of development with no visual evidence of disease to rapid darkening of a part or the entire body. Considerable differences in IAPV titer dynamics were observed, suggesting significant variation in resistance to IAPV among and possibly within honey bee colonies. Thus, selective breeding for virus resistance should be possible. Gene expression analyses of three separate experiments suggest IAPV disruption of transcriptional homeostasis of several fundamental cellular functions, including an up-regulation of the ribosomal biogenesis pathway. These results provide first insights into the mechanisms of IAPV pathogenicity. They mirror a transcriptional survey of honey bees afflicted with Colony Collapse Disorder and thus support the hypothesis that viruses play a critical role in declining honey bee health.
Protective Immune Response to Hepatitis C Virus in Chimpanzees Rechallenged Following Clearance of Primary Infection (2001)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections were evaluated in chimpanzees that had previously cleared HCV and were rechallenged. Animals that had previously cleared HCV infection rapidly cleared homologous and heterologous virus upon rechallenge, indicative of a strong protective immunity. In one animal, sterilizing immunity was observed with regard to viremia, although viral RNA was transiently detected in the liver. Accelerated viral clearance following rechallenge with HCV was observed in animals that had not been exposed to HCV for over 16 years, suggesting that long-lasting protective immunity may be possible. The ability of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to recognize HCV proteins was evaluated during the course of the rechallenge experiments. A very early and strong in vitro recall response to HCV nonstructural proteins appeared to be associated with viral clearance. In contrast, proliferative responses to HCV proteins were not observed in 4 persistently infected chimpanzees, and a weak proliferative response was observed in 1 of 2 animals during acute resolving infection. The results suggest that a strong T-cell proliferative response is induced upon rechallenge of chimpanzees with HCV and that this response is associated with rapid viral clearance. The antibody response to HCV proteins increased by over 1,000-fold in all animals following rechallenge as well. A more complete understanding of the role of the cellular immune response in the clearance of HCV and the nature of the protective immune response following viral clearance may aid in the generation of therapies and vaccines.
A New Rounding Method Based on Parallel Remainder Estimation for Goldschmidt and Newton-Raphson Algorithms (2014)

Newton-Raphson and Goldschmidt algorithms can be sped up by using variable latency hardware architectures for rounding division, square root and their reciprocals. A new approach based on a rounding method with remainder estimate calculated concurrently with the algorithm was proposed in [5]. This paper presents an study of the hardware implementation of this approach and shows that does not suppose additional latency and avoids conventional remainder calculation most of the times. By using a CMOS 90 nm technology library different hardware architectures are presented. The results show that the expected performance improvements are obtained with reasonable increments in area (up to 5.6%), critical path (up to 6.7%) and better power performance (up to -24%).
Hepatic Nuclear Factor 3- and Hormone-Regulated Expression of the Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase and Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Binding Protein 1 Genes (1995)

The rate of transcription of the hepatic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1 (IGFBP-1) genes is stimulated by glucocorticoids and inhibited by insulin. In both cases, the effect of insulin is dominant, since it suppresses both basal and glucocorticoid-stimulated PEPCK or IGFBP-1 gene transcription. Analyses of both promoters by transfection of PEPCK or IGFBP-1-chloramphenicol acetyltransferase fusion genes into rat hepatoma cells has led to the identification of insulin response sequences (IRSs) in both genes. The core IRS, T(G/A)TTTTG, is the same in both genes, but the PEPCK promoter has a single copy of this element whereas the IGFBP-1 promoter has two copies arranged as an inverted palindrome. The IGFBP-1 IRS and PEPCK IRS both bind the alpha and beta forms of hepatic nuclear factor 3 (HNF-3), although the latter does so with a sixfold-lower relative affinity. Both the PEPCK and the IGFBP-1 IRSs also function as accessory factor binding sites required for the full induction of gene transcription by glucocorticoids. A combination of transient transfection and DNA binding studies suggests that HNF-3 is the accessory factor that supports glucocorticoid-induced gene transcription. In both genes, the HNF-3 binding site overlaps the IRS core motif(s). A model in which insulin is postulated to mediate its negative effect on glucocorticoid-induced PEPCK and IGFBP-1 gene transcription indirectly by inhibiting HNF-3 action is proposed.
Designing high performance DSM systems using infiniband features (2004)

Software DSM systems do not perform well because of the combined effects of increase in communication, slow networks and the large overhead associated with processing the coherence protocol. Modern interconnects like Myrinet, Quadrics and InfiniBand offer reliable, low latency (around 5.0 /spl mu/s point-to-point), and high-bandwidth (10.0 Gbps in 4X InfiniBand). These networks also support efficient memory- based communication primitives like RDMA-Read and RDMA-Write, which allow remote reading and writing of data respectively without receiver intervention. These supports can be leveraged to reduce overhead in a software DSM system. In this paper, we propose a new scheme NGDSM with two components ARDMAR and DRAW for page fetching and diffing, respectively. These components employ RDMA and atomic operations to efficiently implement the coherency scheme. The scheme NGDSM evaluated on an 8-node InfiniBand cluster using SPLASH-2 and TreadMarks applications shows better parallel speedup and scalability.