gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A bispecific antibody enhances the fibrinolytic potency of single-chain urokinase (1990)

A monoclonal antibody specific for an epitope at the amino terminus of the beta chain of fibrin and a monoclonal antibody that binds both one- and two-chain high molecular weight urokinase were chemically cross-linked [using N-succinimidyl 3-(2-pyridyldithio)propionate and 2-iminothiolane]. The chemically modified material was heterogeneous, ranging in molecular size from tetramers to monomers and containing the two antibodies in various ratios. Nevertheless, fractions of a molecular size larger than a monomer were capable of binding fibrin and urokinase simultaneously in a radioimmunoassay. These fractions also enhanced fibrinolysis by high molecular weight single-chain urokinase (scuPA) by 50-fold and plasma clot lysis by 5-fold. Whereas scuPA significantly decreased the concentration of fibrinogen in plasma clot assay supernatants, scuPA in association with the bispecific antibody did not.
Evolution scenarios for optical telecommunication networks using multiwavelength transmission (1993)

The authors discuss how the transition in telecommunication networks taking place with increasing use of fiber in all segments of the networks, together with the increasing demand for broadband services, will lead to new network architectures. The customer access portion of these networks may have a large geographical range and high functionality, and may encompass switching functions. The increased use of optical routing based on wavelength multiplexing is likely to be employed in both the core and access portions of the new architectures. Among others, these developments will mean that fewer conventional crosspoint switches are required to support future broadband networks.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Flat Panel Display Technology (1994)

Flat panel displays (FPDs) have simulated a tremendous amount of research interest in the past two decades as replacements for cathode ray tube (CRT) displays in applications where weight, volume, and power consumption are important.
Expressive richness (1991)

Both theory and data suggest that that richer, more informal, and more interactive media should be better suited for handling the more complex, equivocal, and emotional aspects of collaborative tasks. To test this hypothesis, we constructed an experiment in which participants were required to make either written or spoken annotations to a document to help a fictional co-author revise it. We seeded relatively error-free texts with errors of different scope . The results provide strong evidence that a richer --in the sense of a more expressive -medium is especially valuable for the more complex, controversial, and social aspects of a collaborative task.
Fixing the Complexity of the Sphere Decoder for MIMO Detection (2008)

A new detection algorithm for uncoded multiple input-multiple output (MIMO) systems based on the complex version of the sphere decoder (SD) is presented in this paper. It performs a fixed number of operations during the detection process, overcoming the two main problems of the SD from an implementation point of view: its variable complexity and its sequential nature. The algorithm combines a novel channel matrix ordering with a search through a very small subset of the complete transmit constellation. A geometrically-based method is used to study the effect the proposed ordering has on the statistics of the MIMO channel. Using those results, a generalization is given for the structure this subset needs to follow in order to achieve quasi-maximum likelihood (ML) performance. Simulation results show that it has only a very small bit error rate (BER) degradation compared to the original SD while being suited for a fully-pipelined hardware implementation due to its low and fixed complexity.
A survey of cache coherence schemes for multiprocessors (1990)

Schemes for cache coherence that exhibit various degrees of hardware complexity, ranging from protocols that maintain coherence in hardware, to software policies that prevent the existence of copies of shared, writable data, are surveyed. Some examples of the use of shared data are examined. These examples help point out a number of performance issues. Hardware protocols are considered. It is seen that consistency can be maintained efficiently, although in some cases with considerable hardware complexity, especially for multiprocessors with many processors. Software schemes are investigated as an alternative capable of reducing the hardware cost.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Pregnancy and delivery in women with von Willebrand's disease and different von Willebrand factor mutations (2009)

Close follow-up and detailed guidelines for the management of parturition have produced a very low rate of immediate and late bleeding complications in this setting. Desmopressin was effective and safe in preventing significant bleeding at delivery in most of these patients.
Streak artifact reduction in low dose computed tomography (2011)

Accurate noise model is essential for dose reduction in iterative reconstruction (IR) in computed tomography, and has been studied extensively in literature. It is also important to understand how the noise model can be used for noise reduction at low counts without sacrificing spatial resolution and image quality. In this work we present a method to reduce data noise caused by a low photon count and include statistical information into reconstruction algorithm. Our approach is based on computing noise model tables for each system. Our extensive evaluation with experimental data shows that analytic noise model very closely describes real data noise, provided we have accurately measured noise model tables. Noise model tables are used (1) for before-log data pre-processing, and (2) to compute statistical weight for weighted OS-SART algorithm. Evaluation results show effectiveness of our approach and potential for substantial dose reduction.
DNA Transposition of Bacteriophage Mu (2002)

The Mu transpositional DNA recombination machinery selects target sites by assembling a protein-DNA complex that interacts with the target DNA and reacts whenever it locates a favorable sequence composition. Splicing of a transposon into the target generates a 5-bp duplication that reflects the original target site. Preferential usage of different target pentamers was examined with a minimal Mu in vitro system and quantitatively compiled consensus sequences for the most preferred and the least preferred sites were generated. When analyzed as base steps, preferences toward certain steps along the 5-bp target site were detected. We further show that insertion sites can be predicted on the basis of additively calculated base step values. Also surrounding sequences influence the preference of a given pentamer; a symmetrical structural component was revealed, suggesting potential hinges at and around the target site.
PREVENTION OF ACUTE RADIATION ENTERITIS IN PATIENTS RECEIVING RADIOTHERAPY FOR PROSTATE CANCER (2004)

Purpose: Patients receiving radiotherapy (RT) for pelvic cancers frequently experience acute radiation enteritis (ARE). Diarrhea, tenesmus, abdominopelvic pain, and/or perirectal discomfort result from irritation of the distal colon and rectum by radiation. 5-amino-salicylates (5-ASA) have been traditionally used to treat inflammatory bowel disease, however all but one prior attempt at using them for ARE prevention have failed. A newer generation 5-ASA agent, balsalazide (BSZ) has a unique delivery system, similar to sulfasalazine, the only other effective agent in ARE. Methods: We selected patients receiving RT for carcinoma of the prostate as a sample representative of pelvic RT patients. Informed consent was obtained for this IRB-approved study. Eligible patients included those with AJCC stage T1-3 M0 disease, or biochemical failure after prostatectomy. Minimal acceptable RT dose was 64 Gy. Patients receiving external beam radiotherapy followed by a boost with brachytherapy were also considered. Patients were administered 2250 mg BSZ or an identical-appearing placebo twice daily beginning 5 days prior to RT, and continuing for 2 weeks after completion. Toxicity was graded by NCI Common Toxicity Criteria for proctitis, diarrhea, dysuria, weight loss, and fatigue. A symptom index was formulated for each toxicity, consisting of the toxicity's numeric grade multiplied by the number of days it was experienced, and summed for all grades of each toxicity. A higher index is indicitive of worse toxicity. Results are presented from the first 24 patients enrolled. Results: For each area examined, BSZ patients had more favorable outcomes. Three patients elected to discontinue study participation, and are not included in the analysis. Proctitis was prevented most effectively with a symptom index of 40.78 in BSZ patients and 74.08 in placebo patients. Similarly, the diarrhea index was 40.67 in placebo patients and 32.89 in BSZ patients. Weight loss averaged 2.7 pounds in the placebo group, while BSZ patients on average gained weight. BSZ patients had an average fatigue index of 27.11 vs. 41.75 for placebo. Unexpectedly, dysuria was also less problematic in BSZ patients. Conclusions: BSZ has the potential to limit major toxicities caused by radiotherapy of the pelvis. As such, it may positively affect the quality of life of numerous cancer patients.
Words Mark the Nerds: Computational Models of Personality Recognition through Language (2006)

User models in human-computer interfaces have focused on various user characteristics, but there is little user modeling of the most fundamental dimension of variation between humans: personality traits.We explore here the possibility of automatically acquiring such models by simply observing the user's language.We automatically learn models for personality recognition from different corpora and sources of personality evaluation.The models are completely transparent, i.e. they can run in the background evaluating the user at every conversational turn, and provide input for the system to adapt to the user.Results show that recognition models based on observed personality perform significantly better than a baseline of the average personality score, as well as better than models using self-reports.An analysis of decision trees confirms previous findings linking language and personality, while revealing many new linguistic markers.
Prediction of Radiation Sensitivity Using a Gene Expression Classifier (2005)

The development of a successful radiation sensitivity predictive assay has been a major goal of radiation biology for several decades. We have developed a radiation classifier that predicts the inherent radiosensitivity of tumor cell lines as measured by survival fraction at 2 Gy (SF2), based on gene expression profiles obtained from the literature. Our classifier correctly predicts the SF2 value in 22 of 35 cell lines from the National Cancer Institute panel of 60, a result significantly different from chance (P = 0.0002). In our approach, we treat radiation sensitivity as a continuous variable, significance analysis of microarrays is used for gene selection, and a multivariate linear regression model is used for radiosensitivity prediction. The gene selection step identified three novel genes (RbAp48, RGS19, and R5PIA) of which expression values are correlated with radiation sensitivity. Gene expression was confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR. To biologically validate our classifier, we transfected RbAp48 into three cancer cell lines (HS-578T, MALME-3M, and MDA-MB-231). RbAp48 overexpression induced radiosensitization (1.5- to 2-fold) when compared with mock-transfected cell lines. Furthermore, we show that HS-578T-RbAp48 overexpressors have a higher proportion of cells in G2-M (27% versus 5%), the radiosensitive phase of the cell cycle. Finally, RbAp48 overexpression is correlated with dephosphorylation of Akt, suggesting that RbAp48 may be exerting its effect by antagonizing the Ras pathway. The implications of our findings are significant. We establish that radiation sensitivity can be predicted based on gene expression profiles and we introduce a genomic approach to the identification of novel molecular markers of radiation sensitivity.
Formation of 1,3-diynes, 1,3-dienes, and biphenyls via the copper(II) nitrate mediated coupling of organotin compounds (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFormation of 1,3-diynes, 1,3-dienes, and biphenyls via the copper(II) nitrate mediated coupling of organotin compoundsSaswati Ghosal, George P. Luke, and Keith S. KylerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1987, 52, 19, 4296–4298Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00228a026https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00228a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views625Altmetric-Citations89LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Isolation and characterization of antistasin. An inhibitor of metastasis and coagulation. (1987)

The purpose of this study was to purify and characterize the agent responsible for the antimetastatic activity of an extract of the salivary glands (SGE) of the Mexican leech Haementeria officinalis. When administered intravenously in mice on the same day as the intravenous inoculation of T241 sarcoma cells, SGE markedly reduces the number and size of lung tumor colonies. In designing a purification protocol for the antimetastatic agent, we postulated that the antimetastatic agent would also display anticoagulant activity. Thus, we discovered that heparin affinity chromatography followed by anion-exchange chromatography results in a fraction highly enriched in both potent anticoagulant activity and potent antimetastatic activity. Approximately, 200-300 micrograms of purified protein is isolated from 150 mg of SGE. As little as 15 micrograms of this material inhibits tumor cell metastasis to the same extent as 1.0 mg of the unfractionated SGE. When analyzed on sodium dodecyl sulfate gels the active fraction consists mainly of one polypeptide band having an apparent molecular weight of approximately 17,000 under either reducing or nonreducing conditions. The protein has a pI of approximately 9.5 and a molecular weight of approximately 17,000 under nondenaturing conditions. A specific antiserum prepared against the 17,000-dalton protein indicated that this protein is the major anticoagulant and antimetastatic agent of leech salivary gland extract. We have termed this anticoagulant, antimetastatic agent "antistasin." We hypothesize that antistatin inhibits coagulation via factor Xa, and not thrombin, since factor Xa, but not thrombin, is rapidly inactivated upon addition of antistasin. The mechanism of antistasin's antimetastatic activity is currently under investigation.
Classification and evolution of alpha-amylase genes in plants. (1992)

The DNA sequences for 17 plant genes for alpha-amylase (EC 3.2.1.1) were analyzed to determine their phylogenetic relationship. A phylogeny for these genes was obtained using two separate approaches, one based on molecular clock assumptions and the other based on a comparison of sequence polymorphisms (i.e., small and localized insertions) in the alpha-amylase genes. These polymorphisms are called "alpha-amylase signatures" because they are diagnostic of the gene subfamily to which a particular alpha-amylase gene belongs. Results indicate that the cereal alpha-amylase genes fall into two major classes: AmyA and AmyB. The AmyA class is subdivided into the Amy1 and Amy2 subfamilies previously used to classify alpha-amylase genes in barley and wheat. The AmyB class includes the Amy3 subfamily to which most of the alpha-amylase genes of rice belong. Using polymerase chain reaction and oligonucleotide primers that flank one of the two signature regions, we show that the AmyA and AmyB gene classes are present in approximately equal amounts in all grass species examined except barley. The AmyB (Amy3 subfamily) genes in the latter case are comparatively underrepresented. Additional evidence suggests that the AmyA genes appeared recently and may be confined to the grass family.
Tobacco-specific nitrosamines in commercial cigarettes: possibilities for reducing exposure. (1991)

Tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNA) are powerful carcinogens found in tobacco and tobacco smoke in relatively high concentrations. Tar delivery, which is generally accepted as an index for the carcinogenic potential of cigarette smoke, must be declared in most European countries. In this investigation of more than 170 types of commercial cigarettes from several European countries and the USA, no correlation was observed between tar delivery and mainstream smoke concentration of N'-nitrosonornicotine (NNN) and 4-(N-nitrosomethylamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK). Therefore, although crucial, tar delivery alone is not a sufficient index for the carcinogenic potential of cigarette smoke. It is proposed that TSNA concentrations be determined for characterization of the carcinogenic potential of cigarettes with low and ultra-low tar yields and that these be declared by an additional and adequate parameter. The mainstream smoke concentrations of NNN and NNK are given by the amounts of preformed compounds in tobacco, which is dependent on the nitrate content of the tobacco and the tobacco type. A further important determinant of the exposure of smokers to TSNA is the total volume drawn through a cigarette while smoking, which is dependent on puff volume and puff frequency and which directly influences TSNA transfer. Smokers inhale higher volumes when smoking low-nicotine cigarettes, so that low NNN:nicotine and NNK:nicotine ratios result in decreased exposure to TSNA. Reduction of exposure to TSNA can be achieved by selecting tobaccos with low levels of preformed TSNA (low nitrate content, small amounts of burley tobaccos and stems) and by manufacturing cigarettes with low NNN:nicotine and NNK:nicotine ratios.
AN EXTREME NON-AGOUTI MUTANT IN THE MOUSE (1956)

Journal Article AN EXTREME NON-AGOUTI MUTANT IN THE MOUSE Get access W. F. HOLLANDER, W. F. HOLLANDER Genetics Department, Iowa State CollegeAmes, Iowa Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JOHN W. GOWEN JOHN W. GOWEN Genetics Department, Iowa State CollegeAmes, Iowa Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Heredity, Volume 47, Issue 5, September 1956, Pages 221–224, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a106643 Published: 01 September 1956
Simultaneous cross‐linking of CD6 and CD28 induces cell proliferation in resting T cells (1998)

In the present study, we showed that simultaneous ligation of the monoclonal antibodies (mAb) against CD6 and CD28 induces T-cell proliferation in purified resting T lymphocytes in the absence of T-cell receptor (TCR) occupancy. No cell proliferation was observed when the mAb were cross-linked alone or used simultaneously in the soluble form. T-cell proliferation mediated through CD6/CD28 is accompanied by the up-regulation of interleukin-2 (IL-2) mRNA and expression of IL-2 receptors on the cell surface. In the presence of IL-2-neutralizing mAb the proliferative response of the T cell induced through CD6/CD28 was inhibited dose dependently. Cross-linking mAb to CD6 and CD28 alone or together did not down-regulate the CD3/TCR complex. T-cell proliferation mediated through CD6/CD28 was only partially blocked by the immunosuppressive drug, cyclosporin A (CsA), whereas anti-CD28-induced T-cell proliferation in the presence of the phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), was unaffected. In sharp contrast T-cell proliferation mediated by anti-CD6 in the presence of TPA was efficiently blocked by CsA. In addition, two protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors, GF 109203X and H-7 dose-dependently inhibited T-cell proliferation mediated through CD6/CD28, suggesting that PKC activation may be involved. Furthermore, there was a marked differential dose-dependent inhibitory effect of the PKC inhibitors on T-cell proliferation mediated by the co-ligation of anti-CD6 or anti-CD28 in the presence of anti-CD3, with the former being more sensitive to PKC inhibition. Taken collectively, our results suggest that T-cell activation can occur through an antigen-independent pathway by cross-linking the accessory molecules, CD6 and CD28, and that these two cell surface antigens may have distinct signalling pathways.
A Simplified Successive-Cancellation Decoder for Polar Codes (2011)

A modification is introduced of the successive-cancellation decoder for polar codes, in which local decoders for rate-one constituent codes are simplified. This modification reduces the decoding latency and algorithmic complexity of the conventional decoder, while preserving the bit and block error rate. Significant latency and complexity reductions are achieved over a wide range of code rates.
Structural and Electrochemical Properties of ω-Li[sub x]V[sub 2]O[sub 5] (0.4≤x≤3) as Rechargeable Cathodic Material for Lithium Batteries (2004)

The phase has been investigated as rechargeable cathodic material for lithium batteries. The interest in using the ω phase as rechargeable electrode consists in the stability of its tetragonal structure as the Li insertion-extraction proceeds. Lithium ions are found to be responsible for the ordering of the structure. AC impedance measurements have shown important kinetic limitations appear in the Li composition range hindering the use of high current densities. However, at C/20 rate a remarkable and stable specific capacity of 310 mAh g−1 is obtained over 30 cycles. Its cycling behavior in the 3.8/1.5 V voltage window has been shown to strongly depend on the C rate and temperature. At a higher rate (C/5), the capacity decline observed as galvanostatic cycling proceeds has been found to originate from a significant dissolution process of the vanadium oxide, leading to the presence of and species in electrolyte. © 2004 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.