gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Towards dynamic coating of glass microchip chambers for amplifying DNAvia the polymerase chain reaction (2001)

As microchip technology evolves to allow for the integration of more complex processes, particularly the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), it will become necessary to define simple approaches for minimizing the effects of surfaces on the chemistry/processes to be performed. We have explored alternatives to silanization of the glass surface with the use of additives that either dynamically coat or adsorb to the glass surface. Polyethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC) have been explored as potential dynamic coatings and epoxy (poly)dimethylacrylamide (EPDMA) evaluated as an adsorbed coating. By carrying out analysis of the PCR products generated under different conditions via microchip electrophoresis, we demonstrate that these coating agents adequately passivate the glass surface in a manner that prevents interference with the subsequent PCR process. While several of the agents tested allowed for PCR amplification of DNA in glass, the EPDMA was clearly superior with respect to ease of preparation. However, more efficient PCR (larger mass of amplified product) could be obtained by silanizing the glass surface.
Vascular endothelium is critically involved in the hypotensive and hypovolemic actions of atrial natriuretic peptide (2005)

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), via its vasodilating and diuretic effects, has an important physiological role in the maintenance of arterial blood pressure and volume. Its guanylyl cyclase-A (GC-A) receptor is highly expressed in vascular endothelium, but the functional relevance of this is controversial. To dissect the endothelium-mediated actions of ANP in vivo, we inactivated the GC-A gene selectively in endothelial cells by homologous loxP/Tie2-Cre-mediated recombination. Notably, despite full preservation of the direct vasodilating effects of ANP, mice with endothelium-restricted deletion of the GC-A gene (EC GC-A KO) exhibited significant arterial hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy. Echocardiographic and Doppler flow evaluations together with the Evan's blue dilution technique showed that the total plasma volume of EC GC-A KO mice was increased by 11-13%, even under conditions of normal dietary salt intake. Infusion of ANP caused immediate increases in hematocrit in control but not in EC GC-A KO mice, which indicated that ablation of endothelial GC-A completely prevented the acute contraction of intravascular volume produced by ANP. Furthermore, intravenous ANP acutely enhanced the rate of clearance of radio-iodinated albumin from the circulatory system in control but not in EC GC-A KO mice. We conclude that GC-A-mediated increases in endothelial permeability are critically involved in the hypovolemic, hypotensive actions of ANP.
Taking the Plasticizer out of Methacrylic-Acrylic Membranes for K-Selective Electrodes (2000)

Methacrylic-acrylic copolymers that can be externally or internally plasticized were used to fabricate potassium ion-selective electrodes (ISE) with crown ethers as the potassium selective ionophores. Copolymers which required external plasticizer have higher methacrylate content and glass transition temperatures (Tg) of approximately +30 °C whereas the internally plasticized (self-plasticized) copolymer is high in acrylate with Tg≈–27°C. Nonlipophilic crown ethers such as benzo-15-crown-5 and benzo-18-crown-6 could be included in the plasticized copolymers and yielded functional ISEs, but as with the plasticized PVC membranes these crown ethers tend to show some leaching which reduced the ISE lifetime; they were also incompatible with the ‘self-plasticized copolymer’, forming opaque membranes and electrodes of no potassium selectivity. In contrast, lipophilic crown ethers such as bis- or mono-nitrobenzo-15-crown-5 were found to be compatible with the self-plasticized copolymers yielding ISEs with good potassium ion selectivity, closely resembling plasticized PVC membrane based electrodes even though these new membranes contained no added plasticizer. This work has shown that it is possible to prepare ISEs based on nonplasticized methacrylic-acrylic polymers using lipophilized crown ethers to ensure compatibility with the polymer and deter leaching.
Gene for topoisomerase III maps within the Smith-Magenis syndrome critical region: Analysis of cell-cycle distribution and radiation sensitivity (1998)

Smith-Magenis syndrome (SMS) is caused by an interstitial deletion of chromosome band 17p11.2 averaging 4-5 Mb. This deletion is likely to contain a large number of genes, each of which could potentially contribute toward the clinical phenotype. We report that the gene for topoisomerase III (hTOP3) is commonly deleted in SMS patients and maps between D17S447 and D17S258 on the short arm of chromosome 17. Cellular studies of SMS patient lymphoblasts and their respective parental cell lines were undertaken to determine the consequences of haploinsufficiency of hTOP3. Our studies indicate that hemizygosity for hTOP3 does not appreciably affect cell-cycle kinetics or activation of ionizing radiation-sensitive cell-cycle checkpoints. Furthermore, the induction of apoptosis in response to ionizing radiation in SMS and parental cells was similar. Our studies suggest that haploinsufficiency of hTOP3 does not have a major impact on the behavior of cells from SMS patients and may not play a significant role in the SMS phenotype.
Thumbs Up or Thumbs Down? Semantic Orientation Applied to Unsupervised Classification of Reviews (2002)

This paper presents a simple unsupervised learning algorithm for classifying reviews as recommended (thumbs up) or not recommended (thumbs down). The classification of a review is predicted by the average semantic orientation of the phrases in the review that contain adjectives or adverbs. A phrase has a positive semantic orientation when it has good associations (e.g., “subtle nuances”) and a negative semantic orientation when it has bad associations (e.g., “very cavalier”). In this paper, the semantic orientation of a phrase is calculated as the mutual information between the given phrase and the word “excellent” minus the mutual information between the given phrase and the word “poor”. A review is classified as recommended if the average semantic orientation of its phrases is positive. The algorithm achieves an average accuracy of 74% when evaluated on 410 reviews from Epinions, sampled from four different domains (reviews of automobiles, banks, movies, and travel destinations). The accuracy ranges from 84% for automobile reviews to 66% for movie reviews.
Multifacet's general execution-driven multiprocessor simulator (GEMS) toolset (2005)

The Wisconsin Multifacet Project has created a simulation toolset to characterize and evaluate the performance of multiprocessor hardware systems commonly used as database and web servers. We leverage an existing full-system functional simulation infrastructure (Simics [14]) as the basis around which to build a set of timing simulator modules for modeling the timing of the memory system and microprocessors. This simulator infrastructure enables us to run architectural experiments using a suite of scaled-down commercial workloads [3]. To enable other researchers to more easily perform such research, we have released these timing simulator modules as the Multifacet General Execution-driven Multiprocessor Simulator (GEMS) Toolset, release 1.0, under GNU GPL [9].
A Framework for Adaptive RDF Graph Replication for Mobile SemanticWeb Applications (2009)

An increasing number of applications are based on Semantic Web technologies and the amount of information available on the Web in the form of RDF is continuously growing. The adaption of the Semantic Web for Personal Information Management and the increasing desire for mobility is often accompanied by situations where no network connectivity is available and hence access to remote data is limited. Such situations could be obviated when mobile devices are able to operate on offline data replicas and synchronize changes when connectivity is re-established. In this paper we present our ongoing work in developing a framework allowing for adaptive RDF graph replication and synchronization on mobile devices. We propose to interpose components that analyze various information sources of semantic applications (including ontologies, queries, and expressed user interest) and use them for selecting parts of RDF data bases, which are then made available offline using a proxy SPARQL endpoint on a mobile device. Thus, we provide access to Semantic Web data without the need for permanent network connectivity.
A double-blind placebo-controlled trial of antioxidant therapy in limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis. (2000)

No clinical benefit could be demonstrated from active treatment. There are several possible explanations for this negative result, including the short duration of therapy. It is possible that antioxidant therapy, to be effective, needs to be given early in the SSc disease process, before the onset of irreversible tissue damage.
New class of potent guanine antimetabolites. Synthesis of 3-deazaguanine, 3-deazaguanosine, and 3-deazaguanylic acid by a novel ring closure of imidazole precursors (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNew class of potent guanine antimetabolites. Synthesis of 3-deazaguanine, 3-deazaguanosine, and 3-deazaguanylic acid by a novel ring closure of imidazole precursorsP. Dan Cook, Robert J. Rousseau, A. Mohsin Mian, Rich B. Meyer Jr., Phoebe Dea, George Ivanovics, David G. Streeter, Joseph T. Witkowski, Mason G. Stout, and Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1975, 97, 10, 2916–2917Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00843a059https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00843a059research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views123Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Cocrystal Formation through Mechanochemistry: from Neat and Liquid‐Assisted Grinding to Polymer‐Assisted Grinding (2015)

Mechanochemistry is an effective method for the preparation of multicomponent crystal systems. In the present work, we propose an alternative to the established liquid-assisted grinding (LAG) approach. Polymer-assisted grinding (POLAG) is demonstrated to provide a new class of catalysts for improving reaction rate and increasing product diversity during mechanochemical cocrystallization reactions. We demonstrate that POLAG provides advantages comparable to the conventional liquid-assisted process, whilst eliminating the risk of unwanted solvate formation as well as enabling control of resulting particle size. It represents a new approach for the development of functional materials through mechanochemistry, and possibly opens new routes toward the understanding of the mechanisms and pathways of mechanochemical cocrystal formation.
Synthesis and Surface Acid/Base Properties of Magnesium-Aluminum Mixed Oxides Obtained from Hydrotalcites (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and Surface Acid/Base Properties of Magnesium-Aluminum Mixed Oxides Obtained from HydrotalcitesJianyi Shen, J. M. Kobe, Yi Chen, and J. A. DumesicCite this: Langmuir 1994, 10, 10, 3902–3908Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00022a082https://doi.org/10.1021/la00022a082research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1296Altmetric-Citations100LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Software-Defined Optical Networks Technology and Infrastructure: Enabling Software-Defined Optical Network Operations [Invited] (2013)

Software-defined networking (SDN) enables programmable SDN control and management functions at a number of layers, allowing applications to control network resources or information across different technology domains, e.g., Ethernet, wireless, and optical. Current cloud-based services are pushing networks to new boundaries by deploying cutting edge optical technologies to provide scalable and flexible services. SDN combined with the latest optical transport technologies, such as elastic optical networks, enables network operators and cloud service providers to customize their infrastructure dynamically to user/application requirements and therefore minimize the extra capital and operational costs required for hosting new services. In this paper a unified control plane architecture based on OpenFlow for optical SDN tailored to cloud services is introduced. Requirements for its implementation are discussed considering emerging optical transport technologies. Implementations of the architecture are proposed and demonstrated across heterogeneous state-of-the-art optical, packet, and IT resource integrated cloud infrastructure. Finally, its performance is evaluated using cloud use cases and its results are discussed.
Antiproliferative effect on human cancer cell lines after treatment with nimbolide extracted from an edible part of the neem tree (<i>Azadirachta indica</i>) (2006)

Nimbolide, a triterpenoid extracted from the flowers of the neem tree (Azadirachta indica), was found to have antiproliferative activity against some cancer cell lines. Treatment of cells with 0.5-5.0 microm concentrations of nimbolide resulted in moderate to very strong growth inhibition in U937, HL-60, THP1 and B16 cell lines. Flow cytometric analysis of U937 cells showed that nimbolide treatment (1-2.5 microm) resulted in cell cycle disruption by decreasing the number of cells in G0/G1 phase, with initial increases in S and G2/M phases. Cells exposed to a higher dose of nimbolide for a longer period displayed a severely damaged DNA profile, resulting in a remarkable increase in the number of cells in the sub-G1 fraction, with a reciprocal decrease of cells in all phases. Quantification of the expression of phosphatidylserine in the outer cell membrane showed that doses of nimbolide higher than 0.4 microm exerted remarkable lethality, with over 60% of cells exhibiting apoptotic features after exposure to 1.2 microm nimbolide. The antiproliferative effect of nimbolide and its apoptosis-inducing property raise hope for its use in anticancer therapy by enhancing the effectiveness of cell cycle disruption.
Recent experiments in large vocabulary conversational speech recognition (1999)

This paper describes the improvements that resulted in the 1998 Byblos large vocabulary conversational speech recognition (LVCSR) system. Salient among these improvements are: improved signal processing, improved hidden Markov model (HMM) topology, use of quinphone context, introduction of diagonal speaker adapted training (DSAT), incorporation of variance adaptation in the MLLR framework, improvements in language modeling, increase in lexicon size and combination of multiple systems. These changes resulted in about a 7% absolute reduction in word error rates on a balanced Switchboard/Callhome English test set.
New Description of the Substituent Effect on Electronic Spectra by Means of Substituent Constants. III. Charge Transfer Spectra of Eda Complexes (1985)

Abstract General equations in order to describe the electronic spectra by means of substituent constants were derived on the basis of molecular orbital theory. The most suitable substituent constants are theoretically Swain's F and R constants, but Yukawa-Tsuno's parameter is also useful for π-electron system. In this paper these equations were applied to explain the charge transfer spectra of π-π type EDA complexes composed of TCNE and various kinds of aromatic donors. The results have been quite reasonable and discussed in detail.
Immune Interaction between Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection and Allergen Sensitization Critically Depends on Timing of Challenges (2001)

Severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection has been hypothesized to be a risk factor for the development of allergy and asthma, but epidemiologic studies in humans have been inconclusive. By use of a well-characterized murine model of RSV infection and allergic sensitization with ovalbumin, the effect of a preceding severe RSV infection on the development of the pulmonary allergic inflammatory response and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) was tested. The impact of prior allergic sensitization on RSV-induced illness, as measured by weight loss, also was evaluated. RSV infection before allergic sensitization decreased allergen-induced AHR, production of interleukin-13 in lung tissue, and lung eosinophilia. In contrast, allergic sensitization before RSV infection increased AHR and decreased RSV-related weight loss and lung levels of interferon-gamma but did not alter viral clearance. These data provide evidence that RSV-associated AHR occurs in hosts with allergic responses and that allergic inflammation is diminished when preceded by RSV infection.
Managing weight gain as a side effect of antidepressant therapy. (2003)

Weight gain caused by antidepressant drugs is a major reason for patient noncompliance with treatment and poor treatment outcome. Knowing which drugs are more likely to cause weight gain in the short term and the long term is essential to any discussion with the patient about the risks vs the benefits of antidepressant therapy. Informing the patient up front about the chances of weight gain and what can be done if it occurs helps build a strong physician-patient relationship and promotes good treatment outcomes.
Observation of Gravitationally Induced Quantum Interference (1975)

We have used a neutron interferometer to observe the quantum-mechanical phase shift of neutrons caused by their interaction with Earth's gravitational field.Received 14 April 1975DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.34.1472©1975 American Physical Society
P2Y6 Receptor Contributes to Airway Inflammation and Remodeling in Experimental Allergic Airway Inflammation (2011)

Abstract Rationale: Extracellular nucleotides have recently been identified as pro-inflammatory mediators involved in asthma pathogenesis by signaling via purinergic receptors, but the role of the P2Y6R has not been previously investigated. Objectives: To investigate the role of P2Y6R in asthma pathogenesis. Measurements and Main Results: We observed that the intratracheal application of a P2Y6R-antagonist (MRS2578) and P2Y6R deficiency inhibited cardinal features of asthma such as BAL eosinophilia, airway remodeling, Th2 cytokine production, and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in the OVA-alum model. MRS2578 was also effective in reducing airway inflammation in a model using house dust mite extracts to induce allergic lung inflammation. Experiments with bone marrow chimeras revealed the importance of the P2Y6R expression on lung structural cells in airway inflammation. In accordance with this finding, we found a strong up-regulation of P2Y6 expression on airway epithelial cells of animals with experimental asthma. Concerning the underlying mechanism, we observed that MRS2578 inhibited the release of IL-6 and IL-8/KC by lung epithelial cells in vivo, while intrapulmonary application of the P2Y6R agonist UDP increased the BAL levels of IL-6 and KC. In addition, selective activation of P2Y6 receptors induced the release of IL-6 and KC/IL-8 by murine and human lung epithelial cells in vitro. Conclusion: P2Y6R expression on airway epithelial cells is up-regulated during acute and chronic allergic airway inflammation, and selective blocking of P2Y6R or P2Y6R deficiency on the structural cells reduces cardinal features of experimental asthma. Thus, blocking pulmonary P2Y6R might be a target for the treatment of allergic airway inflammation.
ChemInform Abstract: Heterocycles with a Benzothiadiazepine Moiety. Part 1. Synthesis of Pyrrolo(1,2‐b)‐s‐triazolo(3,4‐d)(1,2,5)benzothiadiazepine 5,5‐Dioxide. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Use of integrational plasmid excision to identify cellular localization of gene expression during sporulation in Bacillus subtilis (1990)

Sporulation in Bacillus subtilis is a simple developmental system involving the differentiation of two sister cells, the prespore and the mother cell. Many of the genes that regulate sporulation (spo genes) are thought to be expressed differentially. However, direct demonstration of differential gene expression, by fractionation of prespore and mother cell proteins, is possible only at a relatively late stage of development. H. De Lencastre and P. J. Piggot (J. Gen. Microbiol. 114:377-389, 1979) have described a genetic method for determining the cellular location of the requirement for spo gene expression. Here we describe a similar method based on the use of integrational plasmids that can insertionally inactivate any given spo gene. Loss of the integrated plasmid by homologous recombination leads to the restoration of spo gene function. If this occurs just before sporulation begins, the phenotypes of the progeny of heat-resistant spores should depend on whether the gene is required in the prespore or the mother cell. Thus, we show that for known prespore-specific genes, such as spoIIIG and spoVA, only phenotypically Spo+ progeny that have lost the integrated plasmid are produced. In contrast, for mother-cell-specific genes, such as spoIIIC and spoVJ, a substantial proportion of the progeny are asporogenous, having retained the integrated plasmid. On the basis of our results, the spoIID and spoIIIA genes, which are expressed soon after division, appear to be required only in the mother cell compartment.