gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PAI-1, fibrosis, and the elusive provisional fibrin matrix (2000)

Whether induced surgically or by hypertension, infections, extreme heat, or caustic chemicals, tissue injury invariably leads to vasodilatation, with subsequent leakage of plasma proteins into the connective tissues, rapid activation of the coagulation cascade, and deposition of fibrin. A central paradigm in the field is that the fibrin is organized into a “provisional fibrin matrix,” which acts as a road map to direct the migration of invading cells. Leukocytes and possibly fibroblasts migrate into the area and elaborate cytokines which, in turn, stimulate resident cells to synthesize and deposit collagens and other insoluble fibrillar components into the evolving extracellular matrix (ECM).

Fibrotic disease occurs when normal control of this process is compromised and excess fibrous material accumulates in the tissues. It is generally assumed that the persistence of fibrin in the matrix promotes fibrosis, and that the extent of fibrosis is limited by proteinases that remove the fibrin (i.e., the fibrinolytic system). In a recent issue of the JCI, Hattori et al. (1) affirm previous suggestions that plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) promotes pathological fibrosis but challenges the concept that fibrin is required.
Use of Real-Time PCR and Molecular Beacons To Detect Virus Replication in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Infected Individuals on Prolonged Effective Antiretroviral Therapy (1999)

We have designed a novel, precise, and sensitive assay to measure unspliced (US) human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of HIV-1-infected individuals by using real-time PCR and molecular beacons. Individuals were classified as either well suppressed (WS) or partially suppressed, based on longitudinal measurements of plasma HIV-1 RNA. The proportion of individuals with US mRNA undetectable over time was significantly higher among WS individuals; however, 30% of WS subjects still had detectable US mRNA after 24 months of effective antiviral therapy.
Calculation of critical dimensions for wurtzite and cubic zinc blende coaxial nanowire heterostructures (2006)

We employ a methodology, based on established approaches for determining the critical thickness for strain relaxation in planar films, to determine critical dimensions for coherently strained coaxial nanowire heterostructures. The model is developed and executed for various specific core-shell heterostructures in [111] zinc blende and [0001] wurtzite geometries. These calculations reveal that critical dimensions in such heterostructures can be quantified by a unique critical core radius and a critical shell thickness, which is dependent on the core radius. It is anticipated that this work will serve as a guide to determine the feasibility of specific coherently strained nanowire heterostructure designs.
Production of lentiviral vectors (2016)

Lentiviral vectors (LV) have seen considerably increase in use as gene therapy vectors for the treatment of acquired and inherited diseases. This review presents the state of the art of the production of these vectors with particular emphasis on their large-scale production for clinical purposes. In contrast to oncoretroviral vectors, which are produced using stable producer cell lines, clinical-grade LV are in most of the cases produced by transient transfection of 293 or 293T cells grown in cell factories. However, more recent developments, also, tend to use hollow fiber reactor, suspension culture processes, and the implementation of stable producer cell lines. As is customary for the biotech industry, rather sophisticated downstream processing protocols have been established to remove any undesirable process-derived contaminant, such as plasmid or host cell DNA or host cell proteins. This review compares published large-scale production and purification processes of LV and presents their process performances. Furthermore, developments in the domain of stable cell lines and their way to the use of production vehicles of clinical material will be presented.
Oxidation of azasteroid lactams and alcohols with benzeneseleninic anhydride (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxidation of azasteroid lactams and alcohols with benzeneseleninic anhydrideThomas G. BackCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1981, 46, 7, 1442–1446Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00320a040https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00320a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views445Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Carbon nanostraws: nanotubes filled with superparamagnetic nanoparticles (2009)

A two-step magnetically assisted capillary action method is demonstrated as a facile technique to produce hollow carbon nanotubes filled with uniformly dispersed Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs). Template-assisted chemical vapor deposition (CVD) grown CNTs with average diameter 200-300 nm and length 5-6 microm were effectively used as 'nanostraws' to suck in chemically synthesized Fe3O4 nanoparticles (mean size approximately 6 nm) in a ferrofluid suspension. Temperature and magnetic field-dependent DC magnetization measurements indicate that these functionalized nanotubes are superparamagnetic at room temperature with enhanced interparticle interactions due to the close packing of the nanoparticles within the tubes. Magnetic relaxation phenomena in these filled nanotubes are probed using frequency-dependent AC susceptibility. The reasonably large saturation magnetization (M(s) = 65 emu g(-1)) attained in these nanostructures makes them very promising for a diverse set of applications that utilize both the magnetic and dielectric functionalities of these composite nanotube materials.
Easily Attachable and Detachable <i>ortho</i>-Directing Agent for Arylboronic Acids in Ruthenium-Catalyzed Aromatic C−H Silylation (2009)

o-C-H silylation of arylboronic acids has been achieved using 2-pyrazol-5-ylaniline as an ortho-directing agent, which was temporarily attached to the boronyl group via Ru-catalyzed silylation with hydrosilanes. Condensation products of arylboronic acids with 2-pyrazol-5-ylaniline were prepared in situ and subjected to reaction with triorganosilanes in the presence of RuH(2)(CO)(PPh(3))(3) at 135 degrees C. Regioselective silylation at their ortho-positions proceeded in good yields for phenylboronic acids bearing para-substituents such as chloro, fluoro, methyl, methoxy, and trifluoromethyl groups. p-Methoxycarbonyl-substituted phenylboronic acid provided the corresponding silylated product in moderate yield. m-Tolyl- and 2-naphthylboronic acids underwent silylation selectively at the less sterically hindered ortho-positions. The silylated products were utilized in Suzuki-Miyaura coupling, followed either by iodination with ICl or by Tamao oxidation to furnish iodine- or hydroxy-substituted biaryls.
The rate of high ovarian response in women identified at risk by a high serum AMH level is influenced by the type of gonadotropin (2014)

The aim was to compare ovarian response and clinical outcome of potential high-responders after stimulation with highly purified menotropin (HP-hMG) or recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone (rFSH) for in vitro fertilisation/intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Retrospective analysis was performed on data collected in two randomized controlled trials, one conducted following a long GnRH agonist protocol and the other with an antagonist protocol. Potential high-responders (n = 155 and n = 188 in the agonist and antagonist protocol, respectively) were defined as having an initial anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) value >75th percentile (5.2 ng/ml). In both protocols, HP-hMG stimulation in women in the high AMH category was associated with a significantly lower occurrence of high response (≥15 oocytes retrieved) than rFSH stimulation; 33% versus 51% (p = 0.025) and 31% versus 49% (p = 0.015) in the long agonist and antagonist protocol, respectively. In the potential high-responder women, trends for improved live birth rate were observed with HP-hMG compared with rFSH (long agonist protocol: 33% versus 20%, p = 0.074; antagonist protocol: 34% versus 23%, p = 0.075; overall population: 34% versus 22%, p = 0.012). In conclusion, the type of gonadotropin used for ovarian stimulation influences high-response rates and potentially clinical outcome in women identified as potential high-responders.
Fumaric acid esters in necrobiosis lipoidica: results of a prospective noncontrolled study (2005)

The results of this study demonstrate that FAE are beneficial and safe in the treatment of patients with NL.
Effects of pH on Glucose Measurements With Handheld Glucose Meters and a Portable Glucose Analyzer for Point-of-Care Testing (2000)

Because of potential risk in diabetic patients with ketoacidosis and in other patients with acid-base disorders, we recommend that clinicians choose glucose devices carefully and interpret the measurements cautiously when point-of-care glucose testing is performed in critically ill patients with acidemia, alkalemia, or changing acid-base status.
Functional organisation of Escherichia coli transcriptional regulatory network (2008)

Taking advantage of available functional data associated with 115 transcription and 7 sigma factors, we have performed a structural analysis of the regulatory network of Escherichia coli. While the mode of regulatory interaction between transcription factors (TFs) is predominantly positive, TFs are frequently negatively autoregulated. Furthermore, feedback loops, regulatory motifs and regulatory pathways are unevenly distributed in this network. Short pathways, multiple feed-forward loops and negative autoregulatory interactions are particularly predominant in the subnetwork controlling metabolic functions such as the use of alternative carbon sources. In contrast, long hierarchical cascades and positive autoregulatory loops are overrepresented in the subnetworks controlling developmental processes for biofilm and chemotaxis. We propose that these long transcriptional cascades coupled with regulatory switches (positive loops) for external sensing enable the coexistence of multiple bacterial phenotypes. In contrast, short regulatory pathways and negative autoregulatory loops enable an efficient homeostatic control of crucial metabolites despite external variations. TFs at the core of the network coordinate the most basic endogenous processes by passing information onto multi-element circuits. Transcriptional expression data support broader and higher transcription of global TFs compared to specific ones. Global regulators are also more broadly conserved than specific regulators in bacteria, pointing to varying functional constraints.
Acylation of Pulmonary Surfactant Protein-C Is Required for Its Optimal Surface Active Interactions with Phospholipids (1996)

This study investigates the importance of thioester-linked acyl groups in lung surfactant protein C (SP-C) in facilitating interactions with phospholipids that yield functionally important surface active behaviors. Native SP-C, palmitoylated at cysteine residues at positions 5 and 6, was isolated from bovine lung surfactant by liquid chromatography. Deacylated SP-C (dSP-C), unchanged in composition and sequence from SP-C but having a decreased alpha-helical content in films with dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) of 52 versus 70%, was obtained by treatment with 0.1 M sodium carbonate buffer at pH 10. Surface activity was studied for SP-C and dSP-C combined with column-purified phospholipids (PPL) from calf lung surfactant or with synthetic phospholipids (DPPC or a synthetic phospholipid mixture (SPL) containing 50:35:15, DPPC:egg phosphatidylcholine:egg phosphatidylglycerol). Interfacial measurements included surface pressure time adsorption isotherms for dispersed surfactants with diffusion minimized, dynamic surface pressure area isotherms and respreading for films in the Wilhelmy balance, and overall surface tension lowering at physiologic cycling rate in oscillating bubble experiments. Dispersions of PPL:SP-C and SPL:SP-C rapidly adsorbed to high equilibrium surface pressures of 47-48 mN/m, significantly better than corresponding dispersions containing dSP-C. The adsorption of PPL:dSP-C was essentially unchanged from that of PPL alone, and the adsorption of SPL:dSP-C was improved only slightly over SPL alone. In Wilhelmy balance studies, dynamic respreading was significantly improved over phospholipids alone in films of SP-C plus PPL, SPL, or DPPC. Respreading was improved less markedly by dSP-C in corresponding films with SPL or DPPC and not at all in films with PPL. Maximum surface pressures were also higher in cycled films of SP-C versus dSP-C combined with PPL or SPL. In bubble experiments (37 degrees C, 20 cycles/min), dispersions of PPL:SP-C and SPL:SP-C reached low minimum surface tensions of <1 and 5 mN/m, respectively, whereas PPL:dSP-C and SPL:dSP-C only reached minima of approximately 20 mN/m as did PPL and SPL alone. Acylation in SP-C is crucial for its interactions with phospholipids over the full spectrum of adsorption and dynamic surface behaviors important for lung surfactant.
A Tissue Biomarker Panel Predicting Systemic Progression after PSA Recurrence Post-Definitive Prostate Cancer Therapy (2008)

Specific gene expression patterns are significantly associated with systemic progression after PSA recurrence. The measurement of gene expression pattern may be useful for determining which men may benefit from additional therapy after PSA recurrence.
Allelotypes and Fluorescence <i>In situ</i> Hybridization Profiles of Poorly Differentiated Endocrine Carcinomas of Different Sites (2005)

The concurrence of p53 inactivation and aneuploidies or chromosome instability are the main features of PDECs. However, the specific allelotypes observed in relation to primary site support the hypothesis that PDECs and exocrine carcinomas of all sites may share early pathogenetic mechanisms. Molecular markers of potential diagnostic and prognostic values for PDECs of different sites have been identified.
Improved Spectral Resolution in 1H NMR Spectroscopy by Homonuclear Semiselective Shaped Pulse Decoupling during Acquisition (1994)

Peer-reviewed
Transport Coefficients near the Critical Point: A Master-Equation Approach (1968)

Kawasaki has shown how to construct a nonequilibrium theory which relaxes to an equilibrium described by the standard Ising model. The main significance of Kawasaki's work is his proof that transport coefficients do not diverge near the critical point in his model. In this paper, his approach is generalized. Two master-equation models of transport are examined: one gives spin diffusion and thermal diffusion but no sound waves; the other gives thermal diffusion and sound waves. The first model involves a Hermitian transition matrix in the master equation. The Hermiticity enables one to prove a variational theorem which requires the transport coefficients to be finite. However, sound waves appear as complex eigenvalues of the relaxation time. Hence, they must come from a non-Hermitian master equation. A model is constructed which includes sound waves. In this case, the proof of the finiteness of transport coefficients fails. Aside from formal questions, the main physical point of this paper is the speculation that infinities in transport coefficients might be tied to the existence of oscillatory transport modes (like sound waves) coupled into the dynamics of the phase transition.
Beyond C60: the higher fullerenes (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBeyond C60: the higher fullerenesFrancois Diederich and Robert L. WhettenCite this: Acc. Chem. Res. 1992, 25, 3, 119–126Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ar00015a004https://doi.org/10.1021/ar00015a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1475Altmetric-Citations334LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
High-Speed, Non-Contact, Baseline-Free Imaging of Hidden Defects Using Scanning Laser Measurements of Steady-State Ultrasonic Vibration (2013)

We present an approach to visualize damage through rapid, full-field measurements of a plate-like structure’s steady-state response to a single-tone ultrasonic excitation. In our setup, a piezoelectric transducer provides the excitation while a 2D scanning laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV) makes the full-field response measurement. In taking measurements of a structure’s relatively high amplitude single-tone steady-state response, we enable significantly faster scans by avoiding many of the signal-to-noise ratio issues typically associated with LDV ultrasonic measurements. Damage is visualized by making automated estimates, on a pixel-bypixel basis, of the wavenumber of the excited response through wavenumber-domain processing. We provide sample imaging results for hidden corrosion spots in a metallic plate and delamination in two composite specimens.
Quantitative differences in the histology of the attachment zones of the meniscal horns in the knee joint of man. (1991)

The attachment zones of the meniscal horns of 7 dissecting room cadavers were examined by routine histology. All the knees were devoid of gross pathological change and no discoid menisci were included. Significant differences are reported in the thickness of the zones of uncalcified fibrocartilage and cortical calcified tissue (calcified fibrocartilage and underlying lamellar bone) and in the percentage of bone:bone marrow. There was a thicker zone of uncalcified fibrocartilage and a greater quantity of calcified tissue at the horns of the lateral than the medial meniscus. The differences in uncalcified fibrocartilage were largely attributable to the posterior horns, but the variations in calcified tissue mainly reflected differences between the anterior horns. It is suggested that the greater mobility of the lateral meniscus and the blending of its anterior horn with the anterior cruciate ligament are important factors accounting for the quantitative differences in the meniscal attachment zones.
Dynamic Ride-Sharing: Theory and Practice (1997)

Dynamic Ride-sharing (DR) is envisioned as an automated process by which individuals find ride-matches on a trip by trip basis. This paper examines the DR concept on both a theoretical basis and on the basis of actual implementation in Los Angeles. Specifically, the paper investigates the likelihood that the user of a DR system would be successful in finding a ride-match. In a theoretical sense, this paper shows that dynamic ride-sharing is a viable concept. For a congested freeway corridor, the number of trips generated per unit time and space should be sufficient to yield a reasonably large population of potential ride-matches for a DR system. Unfortunately, as demonstrated in the experiment, theory and practice are not the same. Even when individuals share common trip patterns, consummating a ride-match is no easy task for logistical reasons. At best, one might expect a one in five chance of someone offering a ride when trip patterns are similar. This probability would decline for casual trips, and when contacting individuals who have not expressed a prior willingness to carpool.
Human cytomegalovirus inhibits maturation and impairs function of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (2002)

Dendritic cells (DCs) play a pivotal role in the generation of virus-specific cytotoxic T-cell responses, but some viruses can render DCs inefficient in stimulating T cells. We studied whether infection of DCs with human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) results in a suppression of DC function which may assist HCMV in establishing persistence. The effect of HCMV infection on the phenotype and function of monocyte-derived DCs and on their ability to mature following infection with an endothelial cell-adapted clinical HCMV isolate were studied. HCMV infection induced no maturation of DCs; instead, it efficiently down-regulated the expression of surface major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I, CD40, and CD80 molecules. Slight down-regulation of MHC class II and CD86 molecules was also observed. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced maturation of infected DCs was strongly inhibited, as indicated by lower levels of surface expression of MHC class I, class II, costimulatory, and CD83 molecules. The down-regulation or inhibition of these surface markers occurred only in HCMV antigen-positive DCs. DCs produced no interleukin 12 (IL-12) and only low levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) upon HCMV infection. Furthermore, cytokine production upon stimulation with LPS or CD40L was significantly impaired. Inhibition of cytokine production did not depend on viral gene expression as UV-irradiated HCMV resulted in the same effect. Proliferation and cytotoxicity of T cells specific to a recall antigen presented by DCs were also reduced when DCs were HCMV infected. This study shows that HCMV inhibits DC function, revealing a powerful viral strategy to delay or prevent the generation of virus-specific cytotoxic T cells.