gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sialyl Lewis-Xi antigen in patients with gynecologic tumors. (1989)

Sialyl Lewis-Xi antigen was measured by sandwich radioimmunoassay in sera from patients with various gynecologic tumors: 27 uterine myomas, 117 cervical cancers, 46 endometrial cancers, 54 benign ovarian cysts, and 47 ovarian cancers. Among the patients with uterine malignancies, only a few cases showed serum sialyl Lewis-Xi antigen values in excess of the cutoff limit. On the other hand, among the patients with ovarian cancers, serum sialyl Lewis-Xi antigen was elevated significantly in the following order: clinical stage I (44%), stage II (50%), and stage III (62%). The antigen level also correlated with the effect of treatment. However, serum sialyl Lewis-Xi antigen was elevated in 9% of patients with benign ovarian cysts and in 1.4% of normal volunteers. The lack of tumor specificity of sialyl Lewis-Xi antigen limits its diagnostic value for gynecologic malignancies, but serial measurement of this antigen may be useful in evaluating therapy and monitoring patients.
Dynamics of ripple formation on silicon surfaces by ultrashort laser pulses in subablation conditions (2012)

An investigation of ultrashort pulsed laser--induced surface modification due to conditions that result in a superheated melted liquid layer and material evaporation are considered. To describe the surface modification occurring after cooling and resolidification of the melted layer and understand the underlying physical fundamental mechanisms, a unified model is presented to account for crater and subwavelength ripple formation based on a synergy of electron excitation and capillary wave solidification. The proposed theoretical framework aims to address the laser--material interaction in subablation conditions and thus the minimal mass removal in combination with a hydrodynamics-based scenario of the crater creation and ripple formation following surface irradiation with single and multiple pulses, respectively. The development of the periodic structures is attributed to the interference of the incident wave with a surface plasmon wave. Details of the surface morphology attained are elaborated as a function of the imposed conditions, and results are tested against experimental data.
The protective effects of cerium oxide nanoparticles against hepatic oxidative damage induced by monocrotaline (2011)

These results indicate that CeO(2) acts as a putative novel and effective hepatoprotective agent against MCT-induced hepatotoxicity.
Self-adaptation in real-parameter genetic algorithms with simulated binary crossover (1999)

In the context of function optimization, self-adaptation features of evolutionary search algorithms have been explored only with evolution strategy (ES) and evolutionary programming (EP). In this paper, we demonstrate the self-adaptive feature of real-parameter genetic algorithms (GAs) using the simulated binary crossover (SBX) operator. The connection between the working of selfadaptive ESs and real-parameter GAs with SBX operator is also discussed. The self-adaptive behavior of realparameter GAs is demonstrated on a number of test problems commonly-used in the ES literature. The remarkable similarity in the working of real-parameter GAs and self-adaptive ESs shown in this study suggests the need of emphasizing further studies on self-adaptive GAs. 1 Introduction Self-adaptation is a phenomenon which makes evolutionary search algorithms flexible and closer to natural evolution. Among the evolutionary methods, self-adaptation properties are explored with evolution strate...
Introduction and Overview (1992)

An overview of the organization and contents of the papers in this collection is provided. This collection of fourteen papers on the econometrics of panel data aims to provide the readers with a select group of contemporary theoretical and applied research topics in panel data analysis.
Pentamethylcyclopentadienyl organoactinides. Trivalent uranium organometallic chemistry and the unusual structure of bis(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)uranium monochloride (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPentamethylcyclopentadienyl organoactinides. Trivalent uranium organometallic chemistry and the unusual structure of bis(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)uranium monochlorideJuan M. Manriquez, Paul J. Fagan, Tobin J. Marks, Sara H. Vollmer, Cynthia Secaur Day, and Victor W. DayCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1979, 101, 17, 5075–5078Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00511a054https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00511a054research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views545Altmetric-Citations113LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Biallelic loss-of-function mutation in NIK causes a primary immunodeficiency with multifaceted aberrant lymphoid immunity (2014)

Primary immunodeficiency disorders enable identification of genes with crucial roles in the human immune system. Here we study patients suffering from recurrent bacterial, viral and Cryptosporidium infections, and identify a biallelic mutation in the MAP3K14 gene encoding NIK (NF-κB-inducing kinase). Loss of kinase activity of mutant NIK, predicted by in silico analysis and confirmed by functional assays, leads to defective activation of both canonical and non-canonical NF-κB signalling. Patients with mutated NIK exhibit B-cell lymphopenia, decreased frequencies of class-switched memory B cells and hypogammaglobulinemia due to impaired B-cell survival, and impaired ICOSL expression. Although overall T-cell numbers are normal, both follicular helper and memory T cells are perturbed. Natural killer (NK) cells are decreased and exhibit defective activation, leading to impaired formation of NK-cell immunological synapses. Collectively, our data illustrate the non-redundant role for NIK in human immune responses, demonstrating that loss-of-function mutations in NIK can cause multiple aberrations of lymphoid immunity.
Crystal structure and enzymatic properties of a bacterial family 19 chitinase reveal differences from plant enzymes (2006)

We describe the cloning, overexpression, purification, characterization and crystal structure of chitinase G, a single-domain family 19 chitinase from the Gram-positive bacterium Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2). Although chitinase G was not capable of releasing 4-methylumbelliferyl from artificial chitooligosaccharide substrates, it was capable of degrading longer chitooligosaccharides at rates similar to those observed for other chitinases. The enzyme was also capable of degrading a colored colloidal chitin substrate (carboxymethyl-chitin-remazol-brilliant violet) and a small, presumably amorphous, subfraction of alpha-chitin and beta-chitin, but was not capable of degrading crystalline chitin completely. The crystal structures of chitinase G and a related Streptomyces chitinase, chitinase C [Kezuka Y, Ohishi M, Itoh Y, Watanabe J, Mitsutomi M, Watanabe T & Nonaka T (2006) J Mol Biol358, 472-484], showed that these bacterial family 19 chitinases lack several loops that extend the substrate-binding grooves in family 19 chitinases from plants. In accordance with these structural features, detailed analysis of the degradation of chitooligosaccharides by chitinase G showed that the enzyme has only four subsites (- 2 to + 2), as opposed to six (- 3 to + 3) for plant enzymes. The most prominent structural difference leading to reduced size of the substrate-binding groove is the deletion of a 13-residue loop between the two putatively catalytic glutamates. The importance of these two residues for catalysis was confirmed by a site-directed mutagenesis study.
Adenovirus-mediated gene transfer to human bronchial submucosal glands using xenografts (1995)

The cystic fibrosis (CF) transmembrane conductance regulator has been localized to both submucosal glands and surface epithelium, suggesting that both glandular and surface epithelium may be important targets for gene therapy. To determine the distribution and efficiency of recombinant adenovirus-mediated gene transfer to human airway submucosal glands, an in vivo model was developed by heterotopically transplanting human bronchial segments from both normal and CF lung tissue into severe combined immunodeficient mice. A serotype 5 E1-deleted recombinant adenovirus containing a lacZ reporter gene driven by the cytomegalovirus promoter (H5.010CMVlacZ) was used to infect the xenografts. Transgene expression was correlated with three factors: 1) viral titer, 2) penetration of microspheres, and 3) dwell time of the viral instillate. At viral titers ranging from 10(8) to 10(11) plaque forming units/ml, expression of the lacZ gene was observed in a subpopulation of epithelial cells within approximately 40% of submucosal glands, with more efficient gene transfer to the ducts than the secretory tubules. Within individual glands, gene transfer varied from < 1% to approximately 20% of submucosal cells, including duct, mucous, and serous cells. Adenovirus-sized fluorescent microspheres were found to penetrate only some of the submucosal glands, suggesting that the gene transfer efficiency to submucosal tubules is due to limited viral particle penetration rather than tropism. Gene transfer to surface epithelial cells was inefficient. However, the percentage of transduced surface epithelial cells increased from < 1% to 5-10% as the dwell time of viral solution was increased from 5 min to 1 h, indicating that the time allowed for virus binding and entry is important for gene transfer efficiency.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Inhibin Is an Antagonist of Bone Morphogenetic Protein Signaling (2003)

Inhibins are endogenous antagonists of activin signaling, long recognized as important regulators of gonadal function and pituitary FSH release. Inhibin, in concert with its co-receptor, betaglycan, can compete with activin for binding to type II activin receptors and, thus, prevent activin signaling. Because bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) also utilize type II activin receptors, we hypothesized that BMP signaling might also be sensitive to inhibin blockade. Here we show that inhibin blocks cellular responses to diverse BMP family members in a variety of BMP-responsive cell types. Inhibin abrogates BMP-induced Smad signaling and transcription responses. Inhibin competes with BMPs for type II activin receptors, and this competition is facilitated by betaglycan. Betaglycan also enables inhibin to bind to and compete with BMPs for binding to the BMP-specific type II receptor BMPRII, which does not bind inhibin in the absence of betaglycan. Betaglycan can confer inhibin responsiveness on cells that are otherwise insensitive to inhibin. These findings demonstrate that inhibin, acting through betaglycan, can function as an antagonist of BMP responses, suggesting a broader role for inhibin and betaglycan in restricting and refining a wide spectrum of transforming growth factor beta superfamily signals.
Protein tyrosine phosphorylation in streptomycetes (1994)

Using phosphotyrosine-specific antibodies, we demonstrate that in several Streptomyces spp. a variety of proteins are phosphorylated on tyrosine residues. Tyrosine phosphorylation was found in a number of Streptomyces species including Streptomyces lividans, Streptomyces hygroscopicus and Streptomyces lavendulae. Each species exhibited a unique pattern of protein tyrosine phosphorylation. Moreover, the patterns of tyrosine phosphorylation varied during the growth phase and were also influenced by culture conditions. We suggest that metabolic shifts during the complex growth cycle of these filamentous bacteria, and possibly secondary metabolic pathways, may be controlled by the action of protein tyrosine kinases and phosphatases, as has been demonstrated in signal transduction pathways in eukaryotic organisms.
Pixel scaling in infrared focal plane arrays (2013)

We discuss effects that arise in pixels of IR focal plane arrays (FPAs) when pixel size scales down to approach the wavelength of the incident radiation. To study these effects, we perform first-principles electromagnetic simulations of pixel structures based on a mercury-cadmium-telluride photoconductor for use in FPAs. Specifically, we calculate the pixel quantum efficiency and crosstalk as pixel size scales from 16 μm, which is in the range of current detectors, down to 0.75 μm, corresponding to subwavelength detectors. Our numerical results indicate the possibility of wavelength-size (~4 μm) and even subwavelength-size (~1 μm) pixels for IR FPAs. In addition, we explore opportunities that emerge for controlling light with subwavelength structures inside FPA pixels. As an illustration, we find that the low-pass filtering effect of a metal film aperture can exemplify the impact and the possible role that wavelength-scale optics plays in very small pixels.
Note on Buzz-Hiss Detection (1964)

Speech sounds can be approximately divided into two categories: buzz or periodic sounds and hiss or aperiodic sounds. The usual vocoder buzz-hiss detector, which discriminates on the basis of spectral-energy distribution, is not adequate when close-talking microphones (which often produce large amounts of noiselike low-frequency energy) are used. This paper describes the rules of operation of a periodicity meter that can discriminate between voiced and unvoiced sounds regardless of the spectral-energy distribution. These rules are derived from a previously developed pitch extractor. Since this pitch extractor makes use of the simultaneous operation of six individual pitch detectors, a buzz-hiss decision can be based on the degree of agreement among these six detectors. Preliminary tests show that accuracy of buzz-hiss detection is noticeably improved for both carbon-button microphones and moving-coil microphones when used in ordinary telephone handsets.
Nonlinear magnetic storage channel equalization using minimal resource allocation network (MRAN) (2001)

This letter presents the application of the recently developed minimal radial basis function neural network called minimal resource allocation network (MRAN) for equalization in highly nonlinear magnetic data storage channels. Using a realistic magnetic channel model, MRAN equalizer's performance is compared with the nonlinear neural equalizer of Nair and Moon (1997), referred to as maximum signal-to-distortion ratio (MSDR) equalizer. MSDR equalizer uses a specially designed neural architecture where all the parameters are determined theoretically. Simulation results indicate that MRAN equalizer has better performance than that of MSDR equalizer in terms of higher signal-to-distortion ratios.
Peptide fragments as models to study the structure of a G-protein coupled receptor: The α-factor receptor of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2001)

The alpha-factor tridecapeptide initiates mating in Saccharomyces cerevisiae upon interaction with Ste2p, its cognate G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR). This interaction is being used as a paradigm for understanding the structure and mechanism of activation of GPCRs by medium-sized peptides. In this article, the use of fragments of Ste2p to study its structure is reviewed. Methods of synthesis of peptides corresponding to both extramembranous and transmembrane domains of Ste2p are evaluated and problems that are encountered during synthesis and purification are described. The results from conformational analyses of the peptide fragments using fluorescence spectroscopy, CD, infrared spectroscopy, and NMR spectroscopy in organic-aqueous mixtures and in the presence of detergent micelles and lipid bilayers are critically reviewed. The data obtained to date provide biophysical evidence for the structure of different domains of Ste2p and indicate that peptides corresponding to these domains have unique biophysical tendencies. The studies carried out on Ste2p fragments indicate that valuable information concerning the structure of the intact receptor can be obtained by studying peptide fragments corresponding to domains of these polytopic integral membrane proteins.
Electrochemical Properties of Imidazolium Salt Electrolytes for Electrochemical Capacitor Applications (1999)

The specific ionic conductivity, dynamic viscosity, and electrochemical stability of several imidazolium salts are reported as neationic liquids and their solutions in several organic solvents. The temperature dependence of conductivity and viscosity are analyzed for 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium and 1,2‐dimethyl‐3‐n‐propylimidazolium salts, and the influence of theanions bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide , bis(perfluoroethylsulfonyl)imide , hexafluoroarsenate , hexafluorophosphate , and tetrafluoroborate on these properties are discussed. These imidazolium salts make possible electrolytes with high concentration (>3 M), high room temperature conductivity (up to 60 mS/cm), and a wide window of stability . Differential scanning calorimetric results confirm a large glass phase for the ionic liquids, with substantial (>80°C) supercooling. Thermal gravimetric results indicate the imidazolium salts with and anions to be thermally more stable than the lithium salt analogs. The Vogel‐Tammann‐Fulcher interpretation accurately describes the conductivity temperature dependence. © 1999 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Design of Electrical Composites: Determining the Role of the Morphology on the Electrical Properties of Carbon Black Filled Polymer Blends (1995)

peer reviewed
Differential neutralization efficiency of hemagglutinin epitopes, antibody interference, and the design of influenza vaccines (2009)

It is generally assumed that amino acid mutations in the surface protein, hemagglutinin (HA), of influenza viruses allow these viruses to circumvent neutralization by antibodies induced during infection. However, empirical data on circulating influenza viruses show that certain amino acid changes to HA actually increase the efficiency of neutralization of the mutated virus by antibodies raised against the parent virus. Here, we suggest that this surprising increase in neutralization efficiency after HA mutation could reflect steric interference between antibodies. Specifically, if there is a steric competition for binding to HA by antibodies with different neutralization efficiencies, then a mutation that reduces the binding of antibodies with low neutralization efficiencies could increase overall viral neutralization. We use a mathematical model of virus-antibody interaction to elucidate the conditions under which amino acid mutations to HA could lead to an increase in viral neutralization. Using insights gained from the model, together with genetic and structural data, we predict that amino acid mutations to epitopes C and E of the HA of influenza A/H3N2 viruses could lead on average to an increase in the neutralization of the mutated viruses. We present data supporting this prediction and discuss the implications for the design of more effective vaccines against influenza viruses and other pathogens.
Nanoscale Hydrophobic Interaction and Nanobubble Nucleation (2004)

We report large-scale atomistic simulation of midrange nanoscale hydrophobic interaction, manifested by the nucleation of nanobubble between nanometer-sized hydrophobes at constrained equilibrium. When the length scale of the hydrophobes is greater than 2 nm, the nanobubble formation shows hysteresis behavior resembling the first-order transition. Calculation of the potential of mean force versus interhydrophobe distance provides a quantitative measure of the strength of the nanoscale hydrophobic interaction.
Evaluation of arterial endothelial function using transit times of artificially induced pulses (2005)

Arterial endothelial dysfunction is an early event in atherosclerosis and correlates with cardiovascular disease risk factors. The most widely used noninvasive measure of endothelial function involves brachial artery (BA) diameter measurement using ultrasound imaging. The change in arterial diameter after reactive hyperemia is a measure of endothelium-mediated vasorelaxation (EMVR). High technical complexity and cost render this technique unsuitable for routine clinical use. To assess EMVR we induce artificial pulses at the superficial radial artery using a linear actuator. An ultrasonic flowmeter detects these pulses 10-30 cm proximal to the point of induction. The delay between pulse application and detection provides the pulse transit time (PTT). By measuring PTT before and after BA occlusion and ensuing reactive hyperemia, EMVR can be quantified since smooth muscle relaxation increases PTT. This method is shown to provide 37% greater sensitivity (p<0.05) to EMVR than BA diameter measurement in the eleven human subjects examined.
Astaxanthin is neuroprotective in an aged mouse model of Parkinson’s disease (2017)

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder and prevalence increases with age. Normal physiological changes that occur during the aging process reflect the pathological characteristics of Parkinson's disease. It is also recognized that age related changes significantly interact with the pathological mechanisms that underlie the neurodegeneration in PD and perpetuate the disease process. Despite the fact that aging is considered to be a primary risk factor for developing PD, the use of aged animal models are still under-utilized in pre-clinical research, thus reducing the translatability of experimental findings. Here, we use a natural compound astaxanthin (AXT) with multiple biological activities to attenuate neurotoxicity in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease in both young and aged mice. We observed that AXT preserved neurons in the substantia nigra of both young and aged mice that were exposed to the MPTP neurotoxin. However, AXT was less efficacious in the aged animals, as AXT was not able to protect against the MPTP induced loss of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) throughout the aged nigro-striatal circuit. This disparity in the neuroprotective effect of AXT suggests that aging is a critical factor to consider during the development of novel therapeutics for neurodegenerative diseases and should be more rigorously evaluated in preclinical models.
Carbyne as a possible constituent of the interstellar dust (1980)

The notion that the interstellar dust may contain carbyne receives support from the recent discovery of that substance in carbonaceous chondrites. A second discovery, that carbyne can be synthesized at low temperatures and in environments which are not particularly rich in carbon, substantially increases the number of possible astronomical sources of carbyne dust. Although no spectroscopic data have been published for carbyne, its structure suggests that it could be the carrier of certain unidentified spectral features associated with the interstellar dust.