gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A new approach to rapid PN code acquisition using iterative message passing techniques (2005)

Iterative message passing algorithms on graphs, which are generalized from the well-known turbo decoding algorithm, have been studied intensively in recent years because they can provide near-optimal performance and significant complexity reduction. In this paper, we demonstrate that this technique can be applied to pseudorandom code acquisition problems as well. To do this, we represent good pseudonoise (PN) patterns using sparse graphical models, then apply the standard iterative message passing algorithms over these graphs to approximate maximum-likelihood synchronization. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm achieves better performance than both serial and hybrid search strategies in that it works at low signal-to-noise ratios and is much faster. Compared with full parallel search, this approach typically provides significant complexity reduction.
The interleukin-23/interleukin-17 immune axis as a promising new target in the treatment of spondyloarthritis (2014)

The first results for novel drugs blocking key cytokines in the IL-23/IL-17 axis are promising in SpA and more novel compounds are upcoming. This will teach us more on the role of the IL-23/IL-17 axis in the pathophysiology of SpA.
Use of 2-[125I]iodomelatonin to characterize melatonin binding sites in chicken retina. (1987)

2-[125I]Iodomelatonin binds with high affinity to a site possessing the pharmacological characteristics of a melatonin receptor in chicken retinal membranes. The specific binding of 2-[125I]iodomelatonin is stable, saturable, and reversible. Saturation experiments indicated that 2-[125I]iodomelatonin labeled a single class of sites with an affinity constant (Kd) of 434 +/- 56 pM and a total number of binding sites (Bmax) of 74.0 +/- 13.6 fmol/mg of protein. The affinity constant obtained from kinetic analysis was in close agreement with that obtained in saturation experiments. Competition experiments showed a monophasic reduction of 2-[125I]iodomelatonin binding with a pharmacological order of indole amine affinities characteristic of a melatonin receptor: 2-iodomelatonin greater than 6-chloromelatonin greater than or equal to melatonin greater than or equal to 6,7-dichloro-2-methylmelatonin greater than 6-hydroxymelatonin greater than or equal to 6-methoxymelatonin much greater than N-acetyltryptamine greater than N-acetyl-5-hydroxytryptamine greater than 5-methoxytryptamine greater than 5-hydroxytryptamine (inactive). The affinities of these melatonin analogs in competing for 2-[125I]iodomelatonin binding sites were correlated closely with their potencies for inhibition of the calcium-dependent release of [3H]dopamine from chicken and rabbit retinas, indicating association of the binding site with a functional response regulated by melatonin. The results indicate that 2-[125I]iodomelatonin is a selective, high-affinity radioligand for the identification and characterization of melatonin receptor sites.
Rapid and Extensive Collapse from Electrically Responsive Macroporous Hydrogels (2013)

Electrically responsive hydrogels are created with interconnected macropores, which greatly enhance their ability to rapidly undergo volumetric collapse when subjected to moderate electric fields. When optimized, these electrogels are easily integrated into arrays capable of rapid configurational and chromatic optical modulations, and when loaded with drugs, are able to coordinate the delivery profile of multiple drugs.
Factors Affecting the Level of Kanamycin Resistance in Transformed Sunflower Cells (1987)

A 230 base pair DNA segment containing the sequences 5' to the 700 to 750 nucleotide (nt) transcript 7' (ORF 3; RF Barker, KB Idler, DV Thompson, JD Kemp 1983 Plant Mol Biol 2: 335-350) of the octopine tumor inducing plasmid pTiA6 has been isolated. This region has (a) 180 base pairs of DNA upstream of the TATA box, (b) the start of RNA synthesis, and (c) the entire 5' untranslated region of the gene. We have fused this presumed promoter fragment to the neomycin phosphotransferase II (NPTII) gene from Tn5 in a plant expression cassette. After recombination into a tumor inducing plasmid delivery plasmid, this cassette confers selectable kanamycin resistance to transformed sunflower cells. Removal of the out-of-frame ATG in the 5' leader sequence of the NPTII gene by two different modifications increased both the levels of NPTII enzyme activity and the ID(50) for kanamycin in the tumor cells. The promoter region of the transcript 7 gene gives levels of kanamycin resistance equivalent to the nopaline synthase promoter and octopine synthase promoter when used in the same constructions and assayed in the same tissues.
Colloidal Au-Enhanced Surface Plasmon Resonance Immunosensing (1998)

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensing using colloidal Au enhancement is reported. Immobilization of approximately 11-nm-diameter colloidal Au to an evaporated Au film results in a large shift in plasmon angle, a broadened plasmon resonance, and an increase in minimum reflectance. The incorporation of colloidal Au into SPR biosensing results in increased SPR sensitivity to protein-protein interactions when a Au film-immobilized antibody and an antigen-colloidal Au conjugate comprise the binding pair. A highly specific particle-enhanced analogue of a sandwich immunoassay is also demonstrated by complexing the Au particle to a secondary antibody. A tremendous signal amplification is observed, as addition of the antibody-Au colloid conjugate results in a 25-fold larger signal than that due to addition of a free antibody solution that is 6 orders of magnitude more concentrated. Picomolar detection of human immunoglobulin G has been realized using particle enhancement, with the theoretical limits for the technique being much lower. Finally, a quasi-linear relationship between particle coverage and plasmon angle shift is presented, thereby providing for a direct correlation between plasmon shift and solution antigen concentration. Together, these results represent significant advances in the generality and sensitivity of SPR as it is applied to biosensing.
Proteome Analysis of Skeletal Muscle From Obese and Morbidly Obese Women (2005)

Obesity-related diseases such as the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes originate, in part, from the progressive metabolic deterioration of skeletal muscle. A preliminary proteomic survey of rectus abdominus muscle detected a statistically significant increase in adenylate kinase (AK)1, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), and aldolase A in obese/overweight and morbidly obese women relative to lean control subjects. AK1 is essential for the maintenance of cellular energy charge, and GAPDH and aldolase A are well known glycolytic enzymes. We found that muscle AK1 protein and enzymatic activity increased 2.9 and 90%, respectively, in obese women and 9.25 and 100%, respectively, in morbidly obese women. The total enzymatic activity of creatine kinase, which also regulates energy metabolism in muscle, was shown to increase 30% in obese/overweight women only. We propose that increased protein and enzymatic activity of AK1 is representative of a compensatory glycolytic drift to counteract reduced muscle mitochondrial function with the progression of obesity. This hypothesis is supported by increased abundance of the glycolytic enzymes GAPDH and aldolase A in obese and morbidly obese muscle. In summary, proteome analysis of muscle has helped us better describe the molecular etiology of obesity-related disease.
Late embryogenesis-abundant genes encoding proteins with different numbers of hydrophilic repeats are regulated differentially by abscisic acid and osmotic stress (1992)

The late embryogenesis-abundant (Lea) genes, which are suggested to act as desiccation protectants during seed desiccation and in water-stressed seedlings, can be induced by abscisic acid (ABA) and various kinds of water-related stress. Using cotton Lea cDNAs as probes it was found that several of the Lea genes are conserved at the mRNA level in dicots and monocots. By screening a barley cDNA library with a cotton Lea D19 cDNA a family of three members was isolated. The putative B19 proteins have strong similarities to the Em protein in wheat and to LEA proteins from several dicots. However, the middle part of the B19 proteins consists of a 20-amino acid motif repeated three and four times in B19.3 and B19.4, respectively, but only once in B19.1. The gene products are strongly hydrophilic, the internal 20-amino acid motif being the most hydrophilic part. This motif is found once in cotton Lea D19 but is repeated twice in cotton Lea D132, indicating that the repeats are universal among monocot and dicot B19-like genes. The B19 genes are regulated similarly during embryo development, but to very different levels. In contrast, they are differentially regulated by ABA and various types of osmotic stress. In immature embryos all three genes are responsive to ABA and mannitol. However, B19.1 is also responsive to salt. Cold stress does not induce B19 mRNAs; only a stabilization of the transcript levels is seen. These results suggest that the responses to salt stress and exogenous ABA operate through different pathways.
Retrieving shape information from multiple images of a specular surface (1994)

In many remote sensing and machine vision applications, the shape of a specular surface such as water, glass, or polished metal must be determined instantaneously and under natural lighting conditions. Most image analysis techniques, however, assume surface reflectance properties or lighting conditions that are incompatible with these situations. To retrieve the shape of smooth specular surfaces, a technique known as specular surface stereo was developed. The method analyzes multiple images of a surface and finds a surface shape that results in a set of synthetic images that match the observed ones. An image synthesis model is used to predict image irradiance values as a function of the shape and reflectance properties of the surface, camera geometry, and radiance distribution of the illumination. The specular surface stereo technique was tested by processing four numerical simulations-a water surface illuminated by a low- and high-contrast extended light source, and a mirrored surface illuminated by a low- and high-contrast extended light source. Under these controlled circumstances, the recovered surface shape showed good agreement with the known input.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
DocuBrowse (2010)

Browsing and searching for documents in large, online enterprise document repositories are common activities. While internet search produces satisfying results for most user queries, enterprise search has not been as successful because of differences in document types and user requirements. To support users in finding the information they need in their online enterprise repository, we created DocuBrowse, a faceted document browsing and search system. Search results are presented within the user-created document hierarchy, showing only directories and documents matching selected facets and containing text query terms. In addition to file properties such as date and file size, automatically detected document types, or genres, serve as one of the search facets. Highlighting draws the user's attention to the most promising directories and documents while thumbnail images and automatically identified keyphrases help select appropriate documents. DocuBrowse utilizes document similarities, browsing histories, and recommender system techniques to suggest additional promising documents for the current facet and content filters.
Primary reconstruction of mandible in head and neck cancer with silastic implant--a review of 69 cases. (1998)

Different methods of primary mandibular reconstruction carried out at the Tata Memorial Cancer Hospital range from the pectoralis major myocutaneous or osteomyocutaneous composite flap, which is the most frequently performed procedure, to a free vascularised composite tissue transfer with microvascular anastomosis, including, iliac crest free vascularised bone grafts or radial artery forearm flap free vascularised radius bone grafts, free vascularised fibular bone grafts and silastic mandibular implants. The clinical results of immediate mandibular reconstruction with a silastic mandibular implant (SMI) in 69 patients is presented. Out of the 69 cases, 2 patients died in the early post-operative period. Twenty (30%) SMI were retained for a period of 1 year to 5 years. Forty seven (70%) SMI were retained for a period of less than 1 year. These implants have been used in a variety of cases, with or without major flap reconstruction, where a skeletal support was indicated, especially after mandibular arch resection. The results of this series indicates the importance of these implants as a short term spacer, even in advanced, fungating lesions of head and neck cancer where the risk of infection, haematoma and salivary leak is very high. Bone replacements were undertaken at a later date in suitable cases. The effects of preoperative chemotherapy and radiotherapy on the retention of these implants has also been studied.
Tumor necrosis factor‐α promoter polymorphism is associated with the risk of Parkinson's disease (2006)

Inflammatory events may contribute to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). We conducted a case-control study in a cohort of 369 PD cases and another cohort of 326 ethnically matched controls to investigate the association of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) promoter single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with the risk of PD. The overall genotype distribution at T-1031C and C-857T sites showed significant difference between PD cases and controls (P = 0.0062 and 0.0035, respectively). However, only the more frequent -1031 CC genotype was evidently associated with PD (P = 0.0085, odds ratio: 2.96; 95% CI: 1.38-7.09). Pairwise SNP linkage disequilibrium showed -1031 and -863 sites are in strong linkage disequilibrium (D' = 0.93, Delta(2) = 0.80). Pairwise haplotype analysis among the four sites showed that -1031C-863A may act as a risk haplotype among PD cases (P = 0.0028, odds ratio: 2.18; 95% CI: 1.33-3.69).
Unified Texture Management for Arbitrary Meshes (2004)

Video games and simulators commonly use very detailed textures, whose cumulative size is often larger than the GPU memory. Textures may be loaded progressively, but dynamically loading and transferring this large amount of data in GPU memory results in loading delays and poor performance. Therefore, managing texture memory has become an important issue. While this problem has been (partly) addressed early for the specific case of terrain rendering, there is no generic texture management system for arbitrary meshes. We propose such a system, implemented on today’s GPUs, which unifies classical solutions aimed at reducing memory transfer: progressive loading, texture compression, and caching strategies. For this, we introduce a new algorithm – running on GPU – to solve the major difficulty of detecting which parts of the texture are required for rendering. Our system is based on three components manipulating a tile pool which stores texture data in GPU memory. First, the Texture Load Map determines at every frame the appropriate list of texture tiles (i.e. location and MIP-map level) to render from the current viewpoint. Second, the Texture Cache manages the tile pool. Finally, the Texture Producer loads and decodes required texture tiles
Tunable Nanostructured Coating for the Capture and Selective Release of Viable Circulating Tumor Cells (2015)

A layer-by-layer gelatin nanocoating is presented for use as a tunable, dual response biomaterial for the capture and release of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from cancer patient blood. The entire nanocoating can be dissolved from the surface of microfluidic devices through biologically compatible temperature shifts. Alternatively, individual CTCs can be released through locally applied mechanical stress.
Identification of a tripartite basal promoter which regulates human terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase gene expression. (1994)

In order to locate the promoter region of the human terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase gene, serially truncated segments of the 5'-flanking region of the gene were cloned into a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter vector. Transient transfection analyses of the terminal transferase-reporter gene constructs identified the basal promoter region within -34 to +40 base pairs relative to the transcription start site. Three promoter elements were defined in this region. The primary element is within 34 base pairs upstream of the transcription start site. The CAP site is 62 base pairs upstream of the translation start site. The secondary element involves sequences around the transcription start site. The third is located 25 base pairs downstream from the initiation site (+25 to +40). This tripartite basal promoter was not tissue specific; similar patterns of promoter activity were observed in terminal transferase expressing and non-expressing cells. Transfection analyses also indicated the presence of negative regulatory elements upstream of the basal promoter region, and these elements were preferentially active in cells expressing terminal transferase.
A New Transistor Structure for High Speed Bipolar LSI (1980)

A new transistor structure for high speed bipolar LSI, named PEE (Polycrystalline Electrode with Epitaxy) transistor, has been developed especially with respect to base and collector geometry. The basic features of the new structure are ; (1) polycrystalline silicon electrodes for a base and a collector and also polycrystalline silicon resistors, and (2) two-step oxide isolation which enables the bottom side isolation of an extrinsic base to the collector. The new structure can minimize parasitic capacitance, for instance, C T C can be reduced to about half of the conventional oxide isolated structure. This results in a high cutoff frequency of 6.0 GHz. Gate delay time and power-delay product measured with five-stage ECL ring oscillators ranged from 0.74 nsec, 2.8 pJ to 1.3 nsec, 1.8 pJ, and the performance was improved approximately 20% compared with the conventional devices.
Polyamine analysis of human gingival crevicular fluid (1987)

Crevicular fluid from inflamed periodontitis sites was analyzed for polyamines by high performance liquid chromatography. Putrescine and cadaverine concentrations were positively correlated with site probing depth (p&lt;0.01). Spermidine concentrations were poorly correlated with probing depth (p&lt;0.30), but were significantly higher at moderately inflamed sites (as assessed by the Gingival Index) than at mildly inflamed sites (p&lt;0.02).
Effects of a surfactant-associated protein and calcium ions on the structure and surface activity of lung surfactant lipids (1985)

Previous studies have demonstrated that lung-specific proteins are associated with surfactant lipids, particularly the highly surface active subfraction known as tubular myelin. We have isolated a surfactant-associated protein complex with molecular weight components of 36 000, 32 000, and 28 000 and reassembled it with protein-free lung surfactant lipids prepared as small unilamellar liposomes. The effects of divalent cations on the structure and surface activity of this protein-lipid mixture were investigated by following (1) the state of lipid dispersion by changes in turbidity and by electron microscopy and (2) the ability of the surfactant lipids to form a surface film from an aqueous subphase at 37 degrees C. The protein complex markedly increased the rate of Ca2+-induced surfactant-lipid aggregation. Electron microscopy demonstrated transformation of the small unilamellar liposomes (median diameter 440 A) into large aggregates. The threshold Ca2+ concentration required for rapid lipid aggregation was reduced from 13 to 0.5 mM by the protein complex. This protein-facilitated lipid aggregation did not occur if Mg2+ was the only divalent cation present. Similarly, 5 mM Ca2+ but not 5 mM Mg2+ improved the ability of the protein-lipid mixture to form a surface film at 37 degrees C. Extensive aggregation of the surfactant lipids without protein by 20 mM Ca2+ or 20 mM Mg2+ did not promote rapid surface film formation. These results add to the growing evidence that specific Ca2+-protein-lipid interactions are important in determining both the structure and function of extracellular lung surfactant fractions.
Significance of the transmural diminution in regional hydrogen ion production after repeated coronary artery occlusions. (1989)

Previous studies have revealed that the regional accumulation of ischemic metabolites including hydrogen ion (H+) and PCO2 diminish after repeated occlusions. We postulated that this diminution reflects a blunted metabolic response that is related to the severity of ischemic injury and, hence, may be most pronounced in subendocardial (ENDO) regions. To investigate this hypothesis, the left anterior descending coronary artery was serially occluded three times in 51 dogs for a period of either 3 minutes (n = 15), 5 minutes (n = 18), or 15 minutes (n = 18). Each occlusion was separated by 45 minutes of reperfusion. Myocardial [H+] was measured in the endomyocardium and in the epimyocardium of the ischemic anterior wall by use of miniature pH glass electrodes. Accumulation of H+ during occlusion (delta [H+]) in the ENDO region was significantly less during the second occlusion when compared with the first occlusion (3-minute occlusions: 28.2 +/- 3.7 nM/l vs. 39.4 +/- 5.4 nM/l, p less than 0.002; 5-minute occlusions: 49.8 +/- 5.0 nM/l vs. 72.1 +/- 6.5 nM/l, p less than 0.0002; 15-minute occlusions: 132.3 +/- 14.6 nM/l vs. 225.6 +/- 27.7 nM/l, p less than 0.0003). A similar trend was noted for delta [H+] in the subepicardial (EPI) regions. During occlusion, the rise in [H+] occurred sooner, and delta [H+] was consistently greater in the ENDO when compared with the EPI regions (p less than 0.05). Regional myocardial blood flow did not change during the three occlusions, indicating that the diminution in H+ accumulation stemmed from a decrease in H+ production and not from an increase in collateral flow. The decrement in H+ accumulation between the first and second occlusions (delta [H+]1-delta [H+]2) 1) was greater in the ENDO than in the EPI regions (p less than 0.05); 2) correlated with the duration of occlusion (ENDO: r = 0.66, p less than 0.001; EPI: r = 0.82, p less than 0.0001); and 3) was related to the impairment of anterior wall systolic shortening after the first reperfusion period. These findings suggest that the diminution in H+ production that follows serial coronary occlusions reflects a blunted metabolic response that is related to both the duration of ischemia and the degree of systolic dysfunction. Moreover, though attenuation of ischemic metabolite production occurs transmurally, it is most pronounced in the deep ENDO regions.