gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Autoradiographic localization of sigma receptor binding sites in guinea pig and rat central nervous system with (+)3H-3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-N-(1- propyl)piperidine (1986)

(+)3H-3-PPP [(+)3H-3-(3-Hydroxyphenyl)-N-(1-propyl)-piperidine] binds with high affinity to brain membranes with a pharmacological profile consistent with that of sigma receptors. The distribution of (+)3H-3-PPP binding sites in brain and spinal cord of both guinea pig and rat has been determined by in vitro autoradiography with binding densities quantitated by computer-assisted densitometry. (+)3H-3-PPP binding to slide-mounted brain sections is saturable and displays high affinity and a pharmacological specificity very similar to sites labeled in homogenates. (+)3H-3-PPP binding sites are heterogeneously distributed. Highest concentrations of binding sites occur in spinal cord, particularly the ventral horn and dorsal root ganglia; the pons-medulla, associated with the cranial nerve and pontine nuclei and throughout the brain stem reticular formation; the cerebellum, over the Purkinje cell layer; the midbrain, particularly the central gray and red nucleus; and hippocampus, over the pyramidal cell layer. Lowest levels are seen in the basal ganglia and parts of the thalamus, while all other areas, including hypothalamus and cerebral cortex, exhibit moderate grain densities. Quinolinic acid-induced lesions of the hippocampus indicate that (+)3H-3-PPP labels hippocampal pyramidal cells and granule cells in the dentate gyrus. Intrastriatal injection of ibotenic acid dramatically reduces (+)3H-3-PPP binding in this area, while injection of 6-hydroxydopamine produces a relatively slight decrease. The distribution of (+)3H-3-PPP binding sites does not correlate with the receptor distribution of any recognized neurotransmitter or neuropeptide, including dopamine. However, there is a notable similarity between the distribution of (+)3H-3-PPP sites and high-affinity binding sites for psychotomimetic opioids, such as the benzomorphan (+)SKF 10,047.
11.beta.-Substituted Estradiol Derivatives. 2. Potential Carbon-11- and Iodine-Labeled Probes for the Estrogen Receptor (1995)

Four new classes of 11 beta-substituted estradiol and estriol derivatives (cyanoalkyl, ethynyl, propynyl, and iodovinyl) have been synthesized, and their binding affinity for the estrogen receptor has been evaluated. The binding affinity values indicate that the estrogen receptor has tolerance for estradiol derivatives bearing 11 beta-groups whose size, rigidity, and polarity are limited. The estradiol derivatives have higher affinity than the estriol derivatives. The potential of these agents as imaging agent for estrogen receptor-positive breast tumors is discussed. On the basis of the results of this and a previously reported study (Napolitano, E.; Fiaschi, R.; Carlson, K. E.; Katzenellenbogen, J. A. 11 beta-Substituted Estradiol Derivatives, Potential High-Affinity Carbon-11-Labeled Probes for the Estrogen Receptor: A Structure-Affinity Relationship Study. J. Med. Chem. 1995, 38, 429-434), a general strategy for designing high-affinity probes for the estrogen receptor is proposed.
Luminescent Gold(<scp>III</scp>) Alkynyl Complexes: Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Luminescence Properties (2005)

Luminous: The AuIII alkynyl complexes [Au(C^N^C)(CCR)] [HC^N^CH=2,6-diphenylpyridine, R=C6H5 (1), C6H4-Cl-p (2), C6H4-OCH3-p (3), C6H4-NH2-p (4); HC^N^CH=2,6-bis(4-tert-butylphenyl)pyridine, R=C6H5 (5)] were prepared, and the molecular structure of 1 was characterized (see picture). Complexes 1–5 display luminescence in solution and in the solid state both at low and ambient temperature.
Spastic Quadriparesis, Dysarthria, and Dysphagia following Cervical Hyperextension: A Traumatic Pontomedullary Syndrome (1995)

A 44-year-old man developed a clinical syndrome characterized by nonprogressive spastic quadriparesis, dysarthria, and dysphagia following a severe cervical hyperextension injury. These clinical features, coupled with normal neuroimaging studies, are consistent with a stretch injury of the corticospinal and corticobulbar tracts at the pontomedullary junction.
Induction of primordial germ cells from murine epiblasts by synergistic action of BMP4 and BMP8B signaling pathways (2001)

Extraembryonic ectoderm-derived factors instruct the pluripotent epiblast cells to develop toward a restricted primordial germ cell (PGC) fate during murine gastrulation. Genes encoding Bmp4 of the Dpp class and Bmp8b of the 60A class are expressed in the extraembryonic ectoderm and targeted mutation of either results in severe defects in PGC formation. It has been shown that heterodimers of DPP and 60A classes of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are more potent than each homodimers in bone and mesoderm induction in vitro, suggesting that BMP4 and BMP8B may form heterodimers to induce PGCs. To investigate how BMP4 and BMP8B interact and signal for PGC induction, we cocultured epiblasts of embryonic day 6.0--6.25 embryos with BMP4 and BMP8B proteins produced by COS cells. Our data show that BMP4 or BMP8B homodimers alone cannot induce PGCs whereas they can in combination, providing evidence that two BMP pathways are simultaneously required for the generation of a given cell type in mammals and also providing a prototype method for PGC induction in vitro. Furthermore, the PGC defects of Bmp8b mutants can be rescued by BMP8B homodimers whereas BMP4 homodimers cannot mitigate the PGC defects of Bmp4 null mutants, suggesting that BMP4 proteins are also required for epiblast cells to gain germ-line competency before the synergistic action of BMP4 and BMP8B.
Anti-idiotype-induced, lipopolysaccharide-specific antibody response to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. II. Isotype and functional activity of the anti-idiotype-induced antibodies (1991)

We recently developed a murine anti-idiotypic mAb that functioned as a molecular mimic of the O-specific polysaccharide side chain (Ps) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa LPS in vitro, and which induced Ps-specific antibodies in syngeneic BALB/c ByJ mice. In the current studies, we demonstrate that these anti-Id-induced, Ps-specific antibodies fix complement to the bacterial cell surface, and protect neutropenic mice from fatal P. aeruginosa sepsis. The isotypic distribution of the anti-Id-induced antibodies, however, resembles the restricted pattern (IgM and IgG3) seen after administration of purified Ps to mice. The immunogenicity and number of isotypes of Ps-specific antibody produced could be enhanced by conjugating the anti-Id to keyhole limpet hemocyanin. Finally, the anti-Id administered before immunization with purified Ps, primed BALB/c ByJ mice for production of other Ps-specific antibody isotypes (IgG1). These studies show that this anti-Id induces functional anti-Ps antibodies in syngeneic mice, and when used in conjugate form or as a priming agent before Ps immunization, yields an antibody response consistent with "T cell dependence." These immunization strategies may be useful for the induction of polysaccharide-specific antibodies in man.
Distributed PHY-layer mesh networks (2004)

Mesh connectivity is traditionally dealt with at IP-layer, where packets are relayed to adjacent network nodes according to prior specified rules. Recently, the concept of data relaying at PHY-layer has gained widespread interest, where regenerative and transparent relaying are feasible M. O. Hasna, M-S. Alouini (2002). In parallel, investigations into MIMO systems have become mature. The current paper introduces a generalised concept of data relaying at PHY layer, where relaying is combined with MIMO technology. The thus created distributed PHY-layer mesh network is a natural generalisation of previously introduced virtual antenna arrays.
Adult human mesenchymal cells proliferate and migrate in response to chemokines expressed in demyelination (2010)

Systemic delivery of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) may be of benefit in the treatment of neurological diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS). Certainly, animal studies have demonstrated functional benefits following MSC transplantation, although the mechanisms by which MSCs migrate to lesions and stimulate repair remain unknown. Chemokines stimulate migration in other settings. In this study, we systematically explore the migratory and proliferative responses of human MSCs (hMSC) to chemokines expressed in MS lesions. We demonstrate that these chemokines trigger hMSC migration. In addition, we show that RANTES and IP-10 promote hMSC proliferation.
Cell and heparin binding in the distal long arm of laminin: identification of active and cryptic sites with recombinant and hybrid glycoprotein [published erratum appears in J Cell Biol 1993 Dec;123(6 Pt 1):1623] (1993)

The long arm of laminin, which binds heparin and cells, consists of three polypeptides (A, B1, and B2) joined in a coiled-coil rod attached to a terminal A chain globule (G). Previously, we found that recombinant globular domain (rG) supported heparin and myoblast binding (Yurchenco, P. D., U. Sung, M. D. Ward, Y. Yamada, and J. J. O'Rear. 1993. J. Biol. Chem. 268:8356-8365). To further analyze long arm functions, we expressed the distal moiety of the mouse laminin A chain extending from the middle of the rod to the carboxyl terminus (rAiG). This larger glycoprotein, secreted by Sf9 insect cells infected with recombinant baculovirus, was intercalated in vitro into the corresponding disulfide-linked B chain segments of laminin fragment E8 (distal long arm rod and proximal globule). The hybrid molecule (B-rAiG) possessed a structure similar to laminin long arm as judged by electron microscopy and limited proteolysis. By joining rAiG with E8-B chains, the affinity of G domain for heparin decreased from that observed with rAiG and rG to one similar to native protein. HT1080 cells adhered to E8, rAiG, and B-rAiG, less well to rG, and not to denatured E8/B-rAiG, the A and B chain moieties of E8, or to a mixture of rG and E8-B chains. Cell adhesion to E8 and B-rAiG, in contrast to rAiG, was inhibited with antibodies specific for alpha 6 and beta 1 integrin chains. Since intercalation (a) restored a conformationally dependent alpha 6 beta 1 integrin recognition site present in native protein, (b) inactivated a cryptic cell binding activity in the A chain, and (c) inhibited a heparin binding site present in proximal G domain, we conclude that biological activities of laminin are different from that of its isolated subunits.
SUPPRESSION OF GRAFT-VERSUS-HOST DISEASE BY SUCCINYL ACETONE IN A RAT ALLOGENEIC BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION MODEL (1993)

The efficacy of succinyl acetone (SA, 4,6-dioxoheptanoic acid) was explored in the allogeneic rat bone marrow transplant model of graft-vs.-host disease. Lethally irradiated Wistar Furth rats receiving Fischer 344 allogeneic bone marrow and spleen cells developed severe GVHD, resulting in mortality at 25-45 days posttransplant. Treatment for 14 days with 250 mg/kg/day of SA by Alzet osmotic pumps implanted subcutaneously 3 days before cell transfer prevented GVHD and produced long-term survivors that were allogeneic hematopoietic chimeras. SA doses below 250 mg/kg/day and treatment for less than 14 days were less efficacious. Initiation of SA therapy could be effectively delayed up to 7 days after BMT. Pharmacokinetic studies with i.v. bolus administration in normal CD rats revealed a plasma mean residence time that increased with dose and a systemic clearance that decreased with dose. Three dose-dependent half lives were apparent (ca. 7-18 min, 0.8-3 hr, and 12 hr). The s.c. bioavailability was ca. 82%. Relatively constant plasma SA levels were obtained with s.c. Alzet osmotic pumps, indicating no change in clearance with continuous exposure. Allogeneic BMT exerted no major influence upon SA clearance. These studies show that SA is a robust therapeutic agent that suppressed GVHD in the allogeneic rat BMT model under a variety of circumstances.
The Diagnosis of Prosthetic Joint Infection (2005)

It is important to diagnose prosthetic joint infection accurately because the medical and surgical treatment of prosthetic joint infection differs from that of other causes of prosthetic joint failure. Recognition of the presence or absence of infection at or before the time of surgery is important in directing the appropriate surgical approach. Recovery and susceptibility testing of the infecting organism are essential to the selection of appropriate anti-infective therapy.
Integration and Packaging of a Macrochip With Silicon Nanophotonic Links (2011)

The technologies associated with integration and packaging have a significant impact on the overall system. In this paper, we review a silicon photonic “macrochip” system and its associated packaging that will allow dense wavelength-division multiplexed optical links to be intimately integrated and co-manufactured with the switching electronics. For this to happen, we anticipate a number of integration and packaging advances.
Single layer neural networks for linear system identification using gradient descent technique (1993)

Recently, some researchers have focused on the applications of neural networks for the system identification problems. In this letter we describe how to use the gradient descent (GD) technique with single layer neural networks to identify the parameters of a linear dynamical system whose states and derivatives of state are given. It is shown that the use of the GD technique for the purpose of system identification of a linear time invariant dynamical system is simpler and less expensive in implementation because it involves less hardware than the technique using the Hopfield network as discussed by Chu. The circuit is considered to be faster and is recommended for online computation because of the parallel nature of its architecture and the possibility of the use of analog circuit components. A mathematical formulation of the technique is presented and the simulation results of the network are included.
Editor’s Note (1996)

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FGF-2: Apical Ectodermal Ridge Growth Signal for Chick Limb Development (1994)

The apical ectodermal ridge permits growth and elongation of amniote limb buds; removal causes rapid changes in mesodermal gene expression, patterned cell death, and truncation of the limb. Ectopic fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2 supplied to the chick apical bud mesoderm after ridge removal will sustain normal gene expression and cell viability, and allow relatively normal limb development. A bioassay for FGFs demonstrated that FGF-2 was the only detectable FGF in chick limb bud extracts. By distribution and bioactivity, FGF-2 is the prime candidate for the chick limb bud apical ridge growth signal.
β-Methylation of the Phe<sup>7</sup>and Trp<sup>9</sup>Melanotropin Side Chain Pharmacophores Affects Ligand−Receptor Interactions and Prolonged Biological Activity (1997)

Topographically modified melanotropin side chain pharmacophore residues Phe7 and Trp9 in a cyclic peptide template (Ac-Nle4-c[Asp-His-Xaa7-Arg-Yaa9-Lys]-NH2) and Phe7 in a linear peptide template (Ac-Ser-Tyr-Ser-Nle4-Glu-His-Xaa7-Arg-Trp-Gly-Lys-Pro-Val-NH2) result in differences in potency and prolonged biological activity in the frog and lizard skin bioassays. These topographic modifications included the four isomers of beta-methylphenylalanine (beta-MePhe)7 and beta-methyltryptophan (beta-MeTrp)9 and the two isomers of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-beta-carboline (Tca)9 Modifications in the cyclic template resulted in up to a 1000-fold difference in potency for the beta-MePhe7 stereoisomeric peptides; up to a 476-fold difference in potency resulted for the beta-MeTrp9 peptides, and about a 50-fold difference between the Tca9-containing peptides. Up to a 40-fold difference in potency resulted for the beta-MePhe7 stereoisomeric peptides using the linear template in these assays. The relative potency ranking for modifications in the cyclic template of beta-MePhe7 were 2R,3S > 2S,3S = 2S,3R > 2R,3R in the frog assay and 2S,3R > 2R,3S > 2S,3S > 2R,3R in the lizard assay. The relative potencies for modifications in the cyclic template of beta-MeTrp9 were 2R,3S > 2R,3R > 2S,3S > > 2S,3R in the frog assay and 2S,3S = 2R,3R > 2R,3S > 2S,3R in the lizard assay. The relative potencies for modifications in the cyclic template of Tca9 were DTca > LTca in both assays. Significant differences in prolonged (residual) activities were also observed for these modified peptides and were dependent upon stereochemistry of the beta-methyl amino acid, peptide template, and bioassay system. Furthermore, comparisons of beta-MeTrp9 stereoisomeric peptides on the frog, lizard, and human MC1 receptors suggest that structure-activity relationships on both the classical frog and lizard skin bioassays do not necessarily predict corresponding SAR profiles for the human melanocortin receptors, indicating a remarkable species specificity of the MC1 receptor requirements.
<i>Experimental Principles and Methods Below 1 K</i> (1975)

Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation O. V. Lounasmaa, Ronald D. Parks; Experimental Principles and Methods Below 1 K. Physics Today 1 August 1975; 28 (8): 74–75. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3069146 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentPhysics Today Search Advanced Search
Content-driven detection of cyberbullying on the instagram social network (2016)

We study detection of cyberbullying in photo-sharing networks, with an eye on developing early-warning mechanisms for the prediction of posted images vulnerable to attacks. Given the overwhelming increase in media accompanying text in online social networks, we investigate use of posted images and captions for improved detection of bullying in response to shared content. We validate our approaches on a dataset of over 3000 images along with peer-generated comments posted on the Instagram photo-sharing network, running comprehensive experiments using a variety of classifiers and feature sets. In addition to standard image and text features, we leverage several novel features including topics determined from image captions and a pretrained convolutional neural network on image pixels. We identify the importance of these advanced features in assisting detection of cyberbullying in posted comments. We also provide results on classification of images and captions themselves as potential targets for cyberbullies.
Recombinant Adenoviral Vector-LipofectAMINE Complex for Gene Transduction into Human T Lymphocytes (1999)

We have evaluated, as a vector for gene transfer into human T lymphocytes, a recombinant adenovirus (rAd-MFG-AP) carrying a modified, membrane-exposed, alkaline phosphatase (AP) as reporter gene. CD3+ cells were selected from the buffy coat of healthy donors by the immunomagnetic technique. The positive cell population, comprising 96+/-2% CD3+ cells, was cultured with clinical-grade cytokine(s) for 3-7 days prior to rAd-MFG-AP transduction and the transgene expression was evaluated 48 hr later by indirect immunofluorescence flow cytometry assay with an anti-alkaline phosphatase antibody. The best efficiency of transduction was achieved on incubation of CD3+ cells with IL-2 plus either IL-12 (AP+ cells, 12+/-3%) or IL-7 (AP+ cells, 11+/-3%). To increase further the efficiency of transduction, we have combined LipofectAMINE and rAd-MFG-AP with the aim to enhance the uptake of viral particles into the target cells. The percentage of CD3+ cells transduced by rAd-MFG-AP-LipofectAMINE complex was 24+/-4% (range, 20-35%) after incubation with IL-2 plus IL-7 and 22+/-4% (range, 18-32%) after incubation with II-2 plus IL-12. Forty-eight hours after the incubation with rAd-MFG-AP, the transduced T lymphocytes were subjected to fluorescence-activated cell sorting and fractionated into AP+ and AP- cell subpopulations. The AP+ cell fraction, comprising 96.8% of AP+ cells, was evaluated by FACScan analysis for T lymphocyte surface antigens. The immunophenotyping of the transduced T lymphocytes has shown that there was not a particular subtype of T lymphocytes more susceptible to rAd-MFG-AP transduction. In addition, the transgene expression did not modify T lymphocyte functions, as demonstrated by results obtained by cytotoxicity assay before and after rAd-MFG-AP-LipofectAMINE complex transduction. In conclusion, human T lymphocytes can be efficiently transduced, under clinically applicable conditions, by adenovirus-LipofectAMINE complex after 7 days of culture with IL-2 and IL-12 or IL-7.
Index mismatch aberration correction over long working distances using spatial light modulation (2012)

For many microscopy applications, millimeters-long free working distances (LWD) are required. However, the high resolution and contrast of LWD objectives operated in air are lost when introducing glass and/or liquid with the sample. We propose to use spatial light modulation to correct for such beam aberrations caused by refractive index mismatches. Focusing a monochromatic laser beam with a 10 mm working distance air objective (50×, 0.5 NA) through air, glass, and water, we manage to restore a sharp, intense focus (FWHM<2λ) by adaptive beam phase shaping. Our approach offers a practical and cost-effective route to high resolution and contrast microscopy using LWD air objectives, extending their usage beyond applications in air.
Efficiently Detecting Inclusion Dependencies (2007)

Data sources for data integration often come with spurious schema definitions such as undefined foreign key constraints. Such metadata are important for querying the database and for database integration. We present our algorithm SPIDER (single pass inclusion dependency recognition) for detecting inclusion dependencies, as these are the automatically testable part of a foreign key constraint. For IND detection all pairs of attributes must be tested. SPIDER solves this task very efficiently by testing all attribute pairs in parallel. It analyzes a 2 GB database in ~ 20 min and a 21 GB database in ~ 4 h.
?-melanocyte-stimulating hormone peptide analogs labeled with technetium-99m and indium-111 for malignant melanoma targeting (2002)

Peptide cyclization via rhenium coordination significantly enhanced the tumor targeting and renal clearance properties of DOTA-Re-CCMSH, making it an excellent candidate for melanoma radiodetection and radiotherapy.
Sample station modification providing on‐line reagent addition and reduced sample transit time for flow cytometers (1989)

A flow cytometer was equipped with a modified sample station to facilitate on-line addition of mediators to the sample and reduce the time of delivery of the sample to the interrogation point. The ready availability of materials and straightforward nature of this design make modifications simple and facilitate measurements of cellular activation. Parameters such as pH, membrane fluidity, and calcium mobilization are easily measured in this system, because detection can be made less than 4 s after addition of mediator with no interruption of sample flow. The sample station modification is described in detail along with methods for mixing and temperature control.