gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Removal of lipids from human plasma low-density lipoprotein by detergents (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRemoval of lipids from human plasma low-density lipoprotein by detergentsKai Simons and Ari HeleniusCite this: Biochemistry 1971, 10, 13, 2542–2547Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1971https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00789a019RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views302Altmetric-Citations158LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Proactive public key and signature systems (1997)

Article Free Access Share on Proactive public key and signature systems Authors: Amir Herzberg IBM Research, Haifa Scientific Center IBM Research, Haifa Scientific CenterView Profile , Markus Jakobsson University of California, San Diego University of California, San DiegoView Profile , Stanislław Jarecki Massachusetts Institute of Technology Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyView Profile , Hugo Krawczyk IBM T.J. Watson Research Center IBM T.J. Watson Research CenterView Profile , Moti Yung CertCo, New York CertCo, New YorkView Profile Authors Info & Claims CCS '97: Proceedings of the 4th ACM conference on Computer and communications securityApril 1997 Pages 100–110https://doi.org/10.1145/266420.266442Published:01 April 1997Publication History 149citation1,082DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations149Total Downloads1,082Last 12 Months82Last 6 weeks12 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Applications of Gene Therapy to the Treatment of Chronic Pain (2008)

Chronic pain is a highly prevalent condition that impacts adversely on individual quality of life, imposes substantial costs on the healthcare system and a considerable burden on society. Advances in the understanding of pain mechanisms have opened the way for the development of new treatment strategies. The continuous delivery of short-lived potent bioactive molecules to sensory nerves, spinal cord or meninges--achieved by directed gene transfer--offers the possibility to selectively interrupt nociceptive neurotransmission or to interfere with the plastic changes in the nervous system underlying the development or persistence of chronic pain. In this review we describe advances in the use of non-viral and viral vector-based gene transfer for the treatment of pain, with a special focus on the use of recombinant non-replicating herpes simplex virus-based vectors and the prospects for clinical trials.
Creation of a mouse model for non-neurological (type B) Niemann-Pick disease by stable, low level expression of lysosomal sphingomyelinase in the absence of secretory sphingomyelinase: relationship between brain intra-lysosomal enzyme activity and central nervous system function (2000)

Most lysosomal storage diseases result in neurodegeneration, but deficiencies in the same enzymes can also lead to syndromes without neurologic manifestations. The hypothesis that low levels of residual, intra-lysosomal enzymatic activities in the central nervous system (CNS) are protective has been difficult to prove because of inconsistencies in assays of tissue samples. Experimental correction of lysosomal enzyme deficiencies in animal models suggests that low-level enzymatic activity may reduce CNS pathology, but these results are difficult to interpret owing to the partial and transient nature of the improvements, the presence of secretory hydrolases, and other confounding factors. Using a novel transgenic/knockout strategy to manipulate the intracellular targeting of a hydrolase, we created a mouse that stably expresses low levels of lysosomal sphingomyelinase (L-SMase) in the complete absence of secretory sphingomyelinase (S-SMase). The brains of these mice exhibited 11.5-18.2% of wild-type L-SMase activity, but the cerebellar Purkinje cell layer, which is lost by 4 months of age in mice completely lacking L- and S-SMase, was preserved for at least 8 months. The L-SMase activities in other organs were 1-14% of wild-type levels, and by 8 months of age all peripheral organs had accumulated sphingomyelin and demonstrated pathological intracellular inclusions. Most importantly, L-SMase-expressing mice showed no signs of the severe neurologic disease observed in completely deficient mice, and their life span and general health were essentially normal. These findings show that stable, continuous, low-level expression of intra-lysosomal enzyme activity in the brain can preserve CNS function in the absence of secretory enzyme or other confounding factors.
Collaborative JPEN‐Clinical Nutrition Scientific Publications Role of intestinal bacteria in nutrient metabolism (1997)

The human large intestine contains a microbiota, the components of which are generically complex and metabolically diverse. Its primary function is to salvage energy from carbohydrate not digested in the upper gut. This is achieved through fermentation and absorption of the major products, short chain fatty acids (SCFA), which represent 40-50% of the available energy of the carbohydrate. The principal SCFA, acetate, propionate and butyrate, are metabolized by the colonic epithelium (butyrate), liver (propionate) and muscle (acetate). Intestinal bacteria also have a role in the synthesis of vitamins B and K and the metabolism of bile acids, other sterols and xenobiotics. The colonic microflora are also responsive to diet. In the presence of fermentable carbohydrate substrates such as non-starch polysaccharides, resistant starch and oligosaccharides, bacteria grow and actively synthesize protein. The amount of protein synthesis and turnover within the large intestine is difficult to determine, but around 15 g biomass is excreted in faeces each day containing 1 g bacterial-N. Whether bacterially synthesized amino acids are ever absorbed from the colon remains unclear. Finally, individual colonic micro-organisms such as sulphate-reducing bacteria, bifidobacteria and clostridia, respond selectively to specific dietary components in a way that may be important to health.
Decentralized Charging Control of Large Populations of Plug-in Electric Vehicles (2011)

This paper develops a strategy to coordinate the charging of autonomous plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) using concepts from non-cooperative games. The foundation of the paper is a model that assumes PEVs are cost-minimizing and weakly coupled via a common electricity price. At a Nash equilibrium, each PEV reacts optimally with respect to a commonly observed charging trajectory that is the average of all PEV strategies. This average is given by the solution of a fixed point problem in the limit of infinite population size. The ideal solution minimizes electricity generation costs by scheduling PEV demand to fill the overnight non-PEV demand “valley”. The paper's central theoretical result is a proof of the existence of a unique Nash equilibrium that almost satisfies that ideal. This result is accompanied by a decentralized computational algorithm and a proof that the algorithm converges to the Nash equilibrium in the infinite system limit. Several numerical examples are used to illustrate the performance of the solution strategy for finite populations. The examples demonstrate that convergence to the Nash equilibrium occurs very quickly over a broad range of parameters, and suggest this method could be useful in situations where frequent communication with PEVs is not possible. The method is useful in applications where fully centralized control is not possible, but where optimal or near-optimal charging patterns are essential to system operation.
Engineering colloids with optical and geometrical anisotropies: de-coupling size monodispersity and particle properties (2005)

This paper gives an overview of our recent work on liquid crystal emulsions and their use as starting point towards making monodisperse suspensions of colloidal entities with optical and geometrical anisotropies. The procedure utilizes a monodisperse emulsion of a photopolymerizable liquid crystal that is polymerized after mechanical deformation of the drops. We have engineered solid spheres as well as oblate and prolate spheroids presenting a bipolar anisotropic character at the micrometer scale. These materials respond to optical and external electric fields by aligning their mean optic axis parallel to the field, thus constituting excellent systems for fundamental studies and applied uses.
Electron radiation damage and annealing of Hg1−<i>x</i>Cd<i>x</i>Te at low temperatures (1973)

Samples of Hg1−xCdxTe with x=0.22 and x=0.31 have been irradiated with dosages of up to 4.7×1015 electrons/cm2 of 2.5-MeV electrons. During the irradiation the sample temperature was below 25 °K. The samples were initally p type, i.e., at 77 °K the hole carrier concentrations were in the range (2.5–4.3)×1016cm−3. After irradiation all samples were found to be n type. A dose of 4.7×1015 electrons/cm2 yielded an electron carrier concentration of 1.5×1017 cm−3 at 8 °K and an electrical conductivity σ four orders of magnitude larger than the unirradiated σ at 8 °K. The electron Hall mobility for low dosages and small measured electron concentrations is very low (500–2500 cm2/V sec). As the dosage is increased, the mobility rises rapidly and then saturates. Postirradiation annealing results in almost complete restoration of the transport properties. Much of the annealing occurs between 50 and 75 °K. The luminescence and photovoltaic response (at 8 °K) of the x=0.31 samples were measured before irradiation, after irradiation, and at several stages of the annealing. The irradiation shifts the luminescence and the photovoltaic response cutoffs to lower energies. Most of this change in optical properties anneals out between 100 and 250 °K.
Fatty liver disease in diabetes mellitus. (2015)

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is highly prevalent in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), likely reflecting the frequent occurrence of obesity and insulin resistance in T2DM. NAFLD also can occur in type 1 DM (T1DM), but must be distinguished from the more common glycogen hepatopathy as a cause of hepatomegaly and liver function abnormalities in T1DM. Weight reduction achieved by diet and exercise is effective in preventing and treating NAFLD in obese diabetic subjects. Bariatric surgery also has been shown to reverse NAFLD in T2DM, and recently approved weight loss medications should be evaluated for their impact on the development and progression of NAFLD. There is limited evidence suggesting that specific drugs used for blood glucose control in T2DM [thiazolidinediones (TZDs), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogs, and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors] and also statins may have a role in preventing or treating NAFLD in patients with diabetes.
The information revolution and the future of telecommunications (1997)

This booklet contains six short articles on the information revolution and the future of telecommunications. The focus is on the role of government, especially in regulation. The first article examines the scale and scope of the drivers of the information revolution - the decline in the cost of transmitting information, the increase in the power of computing, and the shift from analog to digital information technologies, a shift that has joined the telecommunications and computing industries and merged segments of the information technology. The second article looks at the impact of these drivers on the structure, pricing, and regulation of the telecommunications industry. The third article looks more closely at the impact of the changes in the industry of telecommunication regulation. The fourth article reviews the evolution of the services and telecommunication negotiation under the umbrella of World Trade Organization (WTO). The fifth article looks at the rise of the internet as the main application in the emerging global information infrastructure. Finally, the sixth article briefly surveys potential applications of technology (in health, education, social services, and so on), the bottlenecks, and the role of government in addressing these bottlenecks.
Phase I Clinical Study of Seneca Valley Virus (SVV-001),a Replication-Competent Picornavirus, in Advanced Solid Tumors with Neuroendocrine Features (2011)

Intravenous SVV-001 administration in patients is well tolerated at doses up to 10(11) vp/kg, with predictable viral clearance kinetics, intratumoral viral replication, and evidence of antitumor activity in patients with small cell lung cancer. Phase II clinical evaluation in small cell lung cancer is warranted, and has been initiated.
Scheffersomyces stipitis: a comparative systems biology study with the Crabtree positive yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2012)

The work presented addresses the impact of high-throughput methods in describing and comparing the physiology of Crabtree positive and Crabtree negative yeasts. Based on physiological data and flux analysis we identified the presence of one metabolic condition for S. stipitis under aerobic batch and chemostat cultivations, which shows similarities to the oxidative metabolism observed for S. cerevisiae under chemostat cultivations. Through metabolome analysis and genome-wide transcriptomic analysis several differences were identified. Interestingly, in silico analysis of transciption factors was useful to address a different regulation of mRNAs of genes involved in the central carbon metabolism. To our knowledge, this is the first time that the metabolism of S. stiptis is investigated in details and is compared to S. cerevisiae. Our study provides useful results and allows for the possibility to incorporate these data into recently developed genome-scaled metabolic, thus contributing to improve future industrial applications of S. stipitis as cell factory.
Improved Production and Process Optimization Through People, Technology, and Process (2007)

Abstract A joint venture Production &amp; Process Optimization project between Statoil and Schlumberger is targeting two distinct areas: ■Improved reservoir management to optimize the reservoir performance over the life of the field.■Production optimization of the intelligent wells, production network and process facilities on a day-to-day basis. This is achieved through development of tools, methodologies and workflows. In order to support the change management process, a prototyping process has been developed for surveillance workflow development and deployment. The dynamic prototyping process allows a bottom-up development of workflows starting from data conditioning and reconciliation up to optimization and control. These different automation modes for provided workflows go along with deriving information and ultimately knowledge from production process data in order to improve decision making processes. A demonstration project will concentrate primarily on the Water Alternate Gas (WAG) cycle optimization process, which has been specified together with the asset team, and will describe how the workflow supports production optimization. The solutions are successively tested together with the Snorre B asset. Results from the demonstrator, change management issues and the concept of full integration of all decision making loops into a workflow framework will be presented in the paper. During the testing not only the application of the software solution was evaluated as well the impact on the organization and how changes in proposed work processes improved the inter domain collaboration within the team. The project has demonstrated successfully that three key areas have to be addressed simultaneous: ■Change Management procedures in order to introduce the developed workflows and software tools as early as possible■Necessary software tools for providing a workflow oriented framework for production optimization■Prototyping workflows and implementation through demonstration and pilot projects as well as permanent facilitators working with asset teams
Mild Resuscitative Hypothermia to Improve Neurological Outcome After Cardiac Arrest (2000)

Mild resuscitative hypothermia in patients is feasible and safe. A clinical multicenter trial might prove that mild hypothermia is a useful method of cerebral resuscitation after global ischemic states.
Solid-State NMR, Crystallographic, and Computational Investigation of Bisphosphonates and Farnesyl Diphosphate Synthase−Bisphosphonate Complexes (2006)

Bisphosphonates are a class of molecules in widespread use in treating bone resorption diseases and are also of interest as immunomodulators and anti-infectives. They function by inhibiting the enzyme farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FPPS), but the details of how these molecules bind are not fully understood. Here, we report the results of a solid-state (13)C, (15)N, and (31)P magic-angle sample spinning (MAS) NMR and quantum chemical investigation of several bisphosphonates, both as pure compounds and when bound to FPPS, to provide information about side-chain and phosphonate backbone protonation states when bound to the enzyme. We then used computational docking methods (with the charges assigned by NMR) to predict how several bisphosphonates bind to FPPS. Finally, we used X-ray crystallography to determine the structures of two potent bisphosphonate inhibitors, finding good agreement with the computational results, opening up the possibility of using the combination of NMR, quantum chemistry and molecular docking to facilitate the design of other, novel prenytransferase inhibitors.
Flexible Piezoelectric PMN–PT Nanowire-Based Nanocomposite and Device (2013)

Piezoelectric nanocomposites represent a unique class of materials that synergize the advantageous features of polymers and piezoelectric nanostructures and have attracted extensive attention for the applications of energy harvesting and self-powered sensing recently. Currently, most of the piezoelectric nanocomposites were synthesized using piezoelectric nanostructures with relatively low piezoelectric constants, resulting in lower output currents and lower output voltages. Here, we report a synthesis of piezoelectric (1 - x)Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-xPbTiO3 (PMN-PT) nanowire-based nanocomposite with significantly improved performances for energy harvesting and self-powered sensing. With the high piezoelectric constant (d33) and the unique hierarchical structure of the PMN-PT nanowires, the PMN-PT nanowire-based nanocomposite demonstrated an output voltage up to 7.8 V and an output current up to 2.29 μA (current density of 4.58 μA/cm(2)); this output voltage is more than double that of other reported piezoelectric nanocomposites, and the output current is at least 6 times greater. The PMN-PT nanowire-based nanocomposite also showed a linear relationship of output voltage versus strain with a high sensitivity. The enhanced performance and the flexibility of the PMN-PT nanowire-based nanocomposite make it a promising building block for energy harvesting and self-powered sensing applications.
Kinetics of Metal-Affinity Driven Self-Assembly between Proteins or Peptides and CdSe−ZnS Quantum Dots (2007)

We present a molecular characterization of metal-affinity driven self-assembly between CdSe−ZnS core−shell quantum dots (QDs) and a series of proteins and peptides appended with various length polyhistidine tags. In particular, we investigated the kinetics of self-assembly between surface-immobilized QDs and proteins/peptides under flow conditions, as well as between freely diffusing QDs and proteins/peptides (solution phase). In the first configuration, QDs were immobilized onto functionalized substrates and then exposed to dye-labeled peptides/proteins. Using evanescent wave excitation, we assessed self-assembly by monitoring the time-dependent changes in the dye fluorescence. In solution, the kinetics of self-assembly was monitored via energy transfer between QDs and dye-labeled proteins/peptides. These measurements allowed determination of the kinetic parameters, including the association and dissociation rates (kon and koff) and the apparent binding constant (Kd). We find that self-assembly is rapid with an equilibrium constant Kd-1 ≈ 1 nM for solution self-assembly, confirming that metal-affinity interactions provide QD bioconjugates that are functional and stable.
Diesel Particulate Trap Regeneration Using Ceramic Wall-Flow Traps, Fuel Additives, and Supplemental Electrical Igniters (1985)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Diesel particulate traps, when heavily loaded with soot to assure complete incineration, are susceptible to thermal stress failure when regenerated under conditions of high exhaust temperature followed by low exhaust flow. The regeneration characteristics of supplemental electrical igniters, operated by automatic regeneration controls and aided by organometallic fuel additives, have been evaluated on cordierite monoliths and several alternative ceramic trap materials. These regeneration systems were evaluated in an attempt to increase trap durability without the use of invasive engine controls, which can cause performance and fuel economy losses. The regeneration and engine exhaust emission characteristics of cerium and manganese fuel additive mixtures are presented. A discussion of a method of dispensing the additive, and its fuel-stability characteristics, are given, along with a means of predicting trap plugging due to additive ash accumulation on the trap walls.&lt;/div&gt;
Status of pilot projects using flywheels for frequency regulation (2006)

Grid frequency regulation function addresses the balance between a grid network load and power generated. The system operator generates a frequency regulation signal based on the difference between these two parameters. The goal is to keep the system near nominal 60 or 50 Hz. Traditionally, frequency regulation is managed by varying the output of fossil fuel or hydro generators connected to the electric grid. As an economical alternative, energy storage can be used to provide this service, first, absorbing energy when it is in abundance, then discharging the same for the desired frequency regulation effect. Two flywheel based pilot projects are supported by DOE, California Energy Commission and NYSERDA in NY. The California system has been delivered and connected to the grid at PG&Es DUIT development facility in San Ramon CA. The NY system is in final assembly and will be delivered to Power and Composite Technologies, an industrial user in Amsterdam NY near the end of a distribution feeder. This paper describes and summarize the data generated at these two sites. The objective is to include performance characteristics, quantify ability to deliver reactive power, show results comparison using a variety of control schemes, and estimate economic benefit