gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Error modeling and calibration of exteroceptive sensors for accurate mapping applications (2009)

Abstract Reliable robotic perception and planning are critical to performing autonomous actions in uncertain, unstructured environments. In field robotic systems, automation is achieved by interpreting exteroceptive sensor information to infer something about the world. This is then mapped to provide a consistent spatial context, so that actions can be planned around the predicted future interaction of the robot and the world. The whole system is as reliable as the weakest link in this chain. In this paper, the term mapping is used broadly to describe the transformation of range‐based exteroceptive sensor data (such as LIDAR or stereo vision) to a fixed navigation frame, so that it can be used to form an internal representation of the environment. The coordinate transformation from the sensor frame to the navigation frame is analyzed to produce a spatial error model that captures the dominant geometric and temporal sources of mapping error. This allows the mapping accuracy to be calculated at run time. A generic extrinsic calibration method for exteroceptive range‐based sensors is then presented to determine the sensor location and orientation. This allows systematic errors in individual sensors to be minimized, and when multiple sensors are used, it minimizes the systematic contradiction between them to enable reliable multisensor data fusion. The mathematical derivations at the core of this model are not particularly novel or complicated, but the rigorous analysis and application to field robotics seems to be largely absent from the literature to date. The techniques in this paper are simple to implement, and they offer a significant improvement to the accuracy, precision, and integrity of mapped information. Consequently, they should be employed whenever maps are formed from range‐based exteroceptive sensor data. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Markers of small cell lung cancer (2004)

Lung cancer is the number one cause of cancer death; however, no specific serum biomarker is available till date for detection of early lung cancer. Despite good initial response to chemotherapy, small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) has a poor prognosis. Therefore, it is important to identify molecular markers that might influence survival and may serve as potential therapeutic targets. The review aims to summarize the current knowledge of serum biomarkers in SCLC to improve diagnostic efficiency in the detection of tumor progression in lung cancer. The current knowledge on the known serum cytokines and tumor biomarkers of SCLC is emphasized. Recent findings in the search for novel diagnostic and therapeutic molecular markers using the emerging genomic technology for detecting lung cancer are also described. It is believed that implementing these new research techniques will facilitate and improve early detection, prognostication and better treatment of SCLC.
Printed inorganic transistors (2003)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2003.
Ectopic bone formation induced by biodegradable hydrogels incorporating bone morphogenetic protein (1998)

Biodegradable hydrogels were prepared from gelatin by glutaraldehyde cross-linking for release matrix of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2). BMP-2 solution was impregnated into the dried hydrogels to prepare BMP-2-incorporating gelatin hydrogels. In the in vitro study, enhanced retention of BMP-2 was observed from the BMP-2-incorporating gelatin hydrogels after an initial burst of BMP-2 incorporated initially in the hydrogel. Following subcutaneous implantation of (125)I-labeled BMP-2-incorporating gelatin hydrogels in the back of mice, the radioactivity remaining in the hydrogels was measured to estimate the in vivo release profile of BMP-2. It was found that BMP-2 was retained in the hydrogels for longer than 30 days, whereas 99% of BMP-2 injected in the solution form was cleared from the injected site within one day, completely disappearing within 3 days. Ectopic bone formation studies demonstrated that BMP-2-incorporating gelatin hydrogels exhibited a more potent ability for bone induction than solution injection of BMP-2. This finding indicates that enhanced retention of BMP-2 is promotes its ability to induce ectopic bone formation.
Eosinophil cationic protein and interleukin‐8 levels in bronchial lavage fluid from children with asthma and infantile wheeze (2001)

It has been shown previously that airway eosinophils characterize childhood asthma and neutrophils contribute to the pathophysiology of both infantile wheezing and asthma. Therefore, eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from asthmatics (n = 16) and infantile wheezers (n = 30) were analyzed as markers of eosinophil- and neutrophil-mediated inflammation. To aid the interpretation, a control group of children (n = 10) with no lower airway pathology were included. Disease severity was assessed by using a symptom score. Surprisingly, no significant difference was found in IL-8 or ECP levels among asthma, infantile wheeze, and control groups. Asthma was characterized by: a correlation between ECP levels and eosinophil counts (r = 0.618, p = 0.014); a correlation between neutrophil number and IL-8 levels (r = 0.747, p = 0.002); and increasing IL-8 levels with symptom score (p = 0.03). In infantile wheezers, IL-8 levels were poorly related to neutrophil number but were significantly increased when neutrophils were > 10%. Although detectable levels were found in all but one symptomatic infant, IL-8 concentrations did not reflect the symptom score in infantile wheeze. ECP was unexpectedly correlated to neutrophil percentages (Rho = 0.832, p = 0.001), and a threshold of ECP>20 ng/ml was associated with persistent symptoms in these infantile wheezers. Hence, in accordance with BALF cellularity, activation of eosinophils was suggested by raised levels of ECP in childhood asthma, but not in infantile wheeze. Neutrophil-mediated inflammation appeared to better reflect the severity of asthma than that of infantile wheeze. Although its meaning remains to be elucidated, ECP was suggested to be a helpful indicator of persistent infantile wheeze. However, its utility as a marker predicting ongoing asthma remains to be established.
Deep HVS-IQA Net: Human Visual System Inspired Deep Image Quality Assessment Networks. (2019)

In image quality enhancement processing, it is the most important to predict how humans perceive processed images since human observers are the ultimate receivers of the images. Thus, objective image quality assessment (IQA) methods based on human visual sensitivity from psychophysical experiments have been extensively studied. Thanks to the powerfulness of deep convolutional neural networks (CNN), many CNN based IQA models have been studied. However, previous CNN-based IQA models have not fully utilized the characteristics of human visual systems (HVS) for IQA problems by simply entrusting everything to CNN where the CNN-based models are often trained as a regressor to predict the scores of subjective quality assessment obtained from IQA datasets. In this paper, we propose a novel HVS-inspired deep IQA network, called Deep HVS-IQA Net, where the human psychophysical characteristics such as visual saliency and just noticeable difference (JND) are incorporated at the front-end of the Deep HVS-IQA Net. To our best knowledge, our work is the first HVS-inspired trainable IQA network that considers both the visual saliency and JND characteristics of HVS. Furthermore, we propose a rank loss to train our Deep HVS-IQA Net effectively so that perceptually important features can be extracted for image quality prediction. The rank loss can penalize the Deep HVS-IQA Net when the order of its predicted quality scores is different from that of the ground truth scores. We evaluate the proposed Deep HVS-IQA Net on large IQA datasets where it outperforms all the recent state-of-the-art IQA methods.
Density Gradient Centrifugation Compromises Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cell Yield (2012)

Bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMNCs) are widely used in regenerative medicine, but recent data suggests that the isolation of BMNCs by commonly used Ficoll-Paque density gradient centrifugation (DGC) causes significant cell loss and influences graft function. The objective of this study was to determine in an animal study whether and how Ficoll-Paque DGC affects the yield and composition of BMNCs compared to alternative isolation methods such as adjusted Percoll DGC or immunomagnetic separation of polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs). Each isolation procedure was confounded by a significant loss of BMNCs that was maximal after Ficoll-Paque DGC, moderate after adjusted Percoll DGC and least after immunomagnetic PMN depletion (25.6±5.8%, 51.5±2.3 and 72.3±6.7% recovery of total BMNCs in lysed bone marrow). Interestingly, proportions of BMNC subpopulations resembled those of lysed bone marrow indicating symmetric BMNC loss independent from the isolation protocol. Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) content, determined by colony-forming units for granulocytes-macrophages (CFU-GM), was significantly reduced after Ficoll-Paque DGC compared to Percoll DGC and immunomagnetic PMN depletion. Finally, in a proof-of-concept study, we successfully applied the protocol for BMNC isolation by immunodepletion to fresh human bone marrow aspirates. Our findings indicate that the common method to isolate BMNCs in both preclinical and clinical research can be considerably improved by replacing Ficoll-Paque DGC with adapted Percoll DGC, or particularly by immunodepletion of PMNs.
High Efficient Electrochemical Carbonylation of Methanol to Dimethyl Carbonate by Br[sub 2]∕Br[sup −] Mediator System over Pd∕C Anode (2006)

Electrochemical carbonylation of methanol to dimethyl carbonate (DMC) was studied over anode with XBr electrolyte (, , ). The formation rate, the current efficiency, and the selectivity of DMC with LiBr electrolyte were considerably higher than that with other supporting electrolyte, , , LiCl, , LiI, and . A turnover number of Pd electrocatalyst for DMC formation was over . Current efficiency of 80% and selectivity based on and CO of 95% were observed. Data of kinetic experiments and stoichiometric experiments strongly suggested that electrochemically produced works as an oxidant for the oxidative carbonylation of methanol to DMC catalyzed by on carbon. A very active and selective carbonylation of methanol to DMC was performed by indirect electrolysis with redox mediator.
Regression of ocular neovascularization in response to increased expression of pigment epithelium-derived factor. (2002)

These data indicate that increased expression of PEDF causes regression of ocular neovascularization by promoting apoptosis of cells within neovascular lesions and possibly represents a new treatment paradigm for patients with established ocular neovascularization.
Mechanism of action of cholera toxin on intact cells. Generation of A1 peptide and activation of adenylate cyclase. (1982)

When intact mouse neuroblastoma NB cells were incubated with choleragen at 4 degrees C, washed, and incubated at 37 degrees C, activation of adenylate cyclase occurred rapidly after a delay of 15 min. The cells were incubated under the same conditions with 125I-labeled toxin, lysed, and solubilized with sodium dodecyl sulfate under mild conditions. Soluble proteins were subjected to sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the absence of dithiol reductants to separate labeled toxin products. Initially, only 0.1 to 0.2% of the cell-associated radioactivity migrated on the gels as the A1 peptide of choleragen. After a 15-min delay, the amount of A1 peptide increased rapidly with time and paralleled the activation of adenylate cyclase. Similar results were observed with human skin fibroblasts, Friend erythroleukemic cells, and II3-alpha-N-acetylneuraminosyl-gangliotetraosylceramide-treated rat glioma C6 cells. When toxin-treated NB cells were incubated at increasing temperatures, generation of A1 peptide and activation of adenylate cyclase increased in parallel. Both processes were prevented by incubation of cells at 4 or at 37 degrees C in the presence of anticholeragen antibodies. These results indicate that there is delay both in the formation of A1 peptide and in the activation of adenylase cyclase in intact cells. As A1 is believed to be the catalytically active component of choleragen, it is suggested that the lag period may be related in part to the time required to generate A1 peptide from choleragen.
Amplified RNA synthesized from limited quantities of heterogeneous cDNA. (1990)

The heterogeneity of neural gene expression and the spatially limited expression of many low-abundance messenger RNAs in the brain has made cloning and analysis of such messages difficult. To generate amounts of nucleic acids sufficient for use in standard cloning strategies, we have devised a method for producing amplified heterogeneous populations of RNA from limited quantities of cDNA. Whole cerebellar RNA was primed with a synthetic oligonucleotide containing the T7 RNA polymerase promoter sequence 5' to a polythymidylate region. After second-strand cDNA synthesis, T7 RNA polymerase was used to generate amplified antisense RNA (aRNA). Up to 80-fold molar amplification has been achieved from nanogram quantities of cDNA. The amplified material is similar in size distribution to the parent cDNA and shows sequence heterogeneity as assessed by Southern and Northern blot analysis. Specific messages for moderate-abundance mRNAs for actin and guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G-protein) alpha subunits have been detected in the amplified material. By using in situ transcription to generate cDNA, sequences for cyclophilin have been detected in aRNA derived from single cerebellar tissue sections. cDNA derived from a single cerebellar Purkinje cell also has been amplified and yields material that hybridizes to cognate whole RNA and mRNA but not to Escherichia coli RNA.
Gremlin-1 augments the oestrogen-related receptor α signalling through EGFR activation: implications for the progression of breast cancer (2020)

Our study suggests that the GREM1-ERRα axis can serve as a potential therapeutic target in the management of cancer, especially ER-negative tumour.
Nucleation and Growth on a Superhydrophobic Grooved Surface (2004)

The growth dynamics of water drops condensed on a superhydrophobic geometrically patterned surface were studied. Drop size evolution at early and intermediate times is self-similar. Drop growth laws do not differ for a flat surface because of a reduction of both drop and substrate dimensionality. A striking observation is the instantaneous drying of the top surface of grooves at a point in time due to coalescence of the drops with a completely filled channel. At late times, only a few large drops grow connected to the channels, in a mixed Wenzel-penetration regime.
Human Hybridomas and Monoclonal Antibodies (1986)

Book Review| June 01 1986 Human Hybridomas and Monoclonal Antibodies Human Hybridomas and Monoclonal Antibodies. EDGAR G. ENGLEMAN, STEVEN K. H. FOUNG, LARRICK JAMES, RAUBITSCHEK ANDREW. PlenumNew York 1985 pp. 526, $69.50 PAULINE JOHNSON PAULINE JOHNSON Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1986) 14 (3): 664–665. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0140664a Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation PAULINE JOHNSON; Human Hybridomas and Monoclonal Antibodies. Biochem Soc Trans 1 June 1986; 14 (3): 664–665. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0140664a Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1986 Biochemical Society1986 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
DNA origami: Fold, stick, and beyond (2009)

DNA origami is the process in which long single-stranded DNA molecules are folded into arbitrary planar nanostructures with the aid of many short staple strands. Since its initial introduction in 2006, DNA origami has dramatically widened the scope of applications of DNA nanotechnology based on the programmed assembly of branched DNA junctions. DNA origami can be used to construct not only arbitrary two-dimensional nanostructures but also nano-sized breadboards for the arraying of nanomaterials or even complicated three-dimensional nano-objects. In this review, we briefly look through the basic designs and applications of DNA origami and discuss the future of this technique.
Embryonic expression of the tumor-associated PAX3-FKHR fusion protein interferes with the developmental functions of Pax3 (2001)

A unique chromosomal translocation involving the genes PAX3 and FKHR is characteristic of most human alveolar rhabdomyosarcomas. The resultant chimeric protein fuses the PAX3 DNA-binding domains to the transactivation domain of FKHR, suggesting that PAX3-FKHR exerts its role in alveolar rhabdomyosarcomas through dysregulation of PAX3-specific target genes. Here, we have produced transgenic mice in which PAX3-FKHR expression was driven by mouse Pax3 promoter/enhancer sequences. Five independent lines expressed PAX3-FKHR in the dorsal neural tube and lateral dermomyotome. Each line exhibited phenotypes that correlated with PAX3-FKHR expression levels and predominantly involved pigmentary disturbances of the abdomen, hindpaws, and tail, with additional neurological related alterations. Phenotypic severity could be increased by reducing Pax3 levels through matings with Pax3-defective Splotch mice, and interference between PAX3 and PAX3-FKHR was apparent in transcription reporter assays. These data suggest that the tumor-associated PAX3-FKHR fusion protein interferes with normal Pax3 developmental functions as a prelude to transformation.
Autologous bone marrow rescue in the treatment of advanced tumors of childhood (1982)

High-dose multiagent chemotherapy followed by autologous marrow rescue was used in the treatment of 13 patients with Stage III or IV childhood tumors. Encouraging results are being obtained in abdominal lymphoma (1/3 complete remissions (CR); rhabdomyosarcoma (2/4 CR); and retinoblastoma (1/2 CR). In neuroblastoma, the results are disappointing, with only one of four patients in CR; this patient developed a lymphoma associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection. Marrow reconstitution was obtained in 11 patients, with recovery of neutrophils to greater than 0.5 x 10(9)/liter between six and 30 days and platelet recovery to greater than 50 x 10(9)/liter between seven and 38 days. Investigations on the numbers of cells or committed granulocyte precursors ()CFU-c's) infused and parameters of hematologic recovery show poor correlation and suggest that a more accurate and reliable assay for the predictability of cryopreserved marrow to reconstitute marrow function within a reasonable time is necessary. Nonhematologic toxicities of high-dose multiagent chemotherapy are the principal dose-limiting factors.
Aspects of biopsy procedures prior to preimplantation genetic diagnosis (2001)

Today, preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) is offered in over 40 centres worldwide for an expanded range of genetic defects causing disease. This very early form of prenatal diagnosis involves the detection of affected embryos by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) (sex determination or chromosomal defects) or by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (monogenic diseases) prior to implantation. Genetic analysis of the embryos involves the removal of some cellular mass from the embryos (one or two blastomeres at cleavage-stage or some extra-embryonic trophectoderm cells at the blastocyst stage) by means of an embryo biopsy procedure. Genetic analysis can also be performed preconceptionally by removal of the first polar body. However, additional information is then often gained by removal of the second polar body and/or a blastomere from the embryo. Removal of polar bodies or cellular material from embryos requires an opening in the zona pellucida, which can be created in a mechanical way (partial zona dissection) or chemical way (acidic Tyrode's solution). However, the more recent introduction of laser technology has facilitated this step enormously. Different biopsy procedures at different preimplantation stages are reviewed here, including their pros and cons and their clinical applications. The following aspects will also be discussed: safety of zona drilling by laser, use of Ca2+/Mg2+-free medium for decompaction, and removal of one or two cells from cleavage-stage embryos.
Fluorescence suppression in resonance Raman spectroscopy using a high‐performance picosecond Kerr gate (2001)

Abstract A high‐performance Kerr gate designed for the suppression of fluorescence in both time‐resolved and steady‐state resonance Raman spectroscopy is described and its performance illustrated. This is an improved version of a system described recently, with superior extinction ratio, higher throughput and wider usable spectral range. Specially designed polarizers are an essential feature of the system. The gate opens for ∼4 ps at 1 kHz repetition rate, throughput in the open state is up to ∼40% (excluding Fresnel losses on optical elements), the extinction ratio in the closed state is 10 −5 and the usable spectral range is 300–700 nm with a single set of polarizers. The Kerr gate is driven by ∼500 µJ, 1 kHz, 1 ps laser pulses at 800 nm and we believe that it is currently the most powerful device in operation for the temporal rejection of fluorescence from Raman spectra. It increases the general applicability of Raman spectroscopy as illustrated by picosecond time‐resolved resonance Raman spectra of the intramolecular charge transfer state of 4‐dimethylaminobenzonitrile and by the ground‐state Raman spectrum of unleaded petrol at 400 nm probe wavelength. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Efficient Large-Scale Synthesis of CAT811, a Potent Calpain Inhibitor of Interest in the Treatment of Cataracts (2009)

A high-yielding, short, and scalable synthesis of a potent calpain 2 inhibitor (CAT811) is reported. The key step in the sequence involves an intramolecular macrocyclization of a 6-iodonorleucine residue to the side chain of tyrosine.