gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optically induced coherent transport far above<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msub><mml:mi>T</mml:mi><mml:mi>c</mml:mi></mml:msub></mml:math>in underdoped<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msub><mml:mi>YBa</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mi>Cu</mml:mi><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mn>6</mml:mn><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:mi>δ</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:math> (2014)

We report on a photoinduced transient state of ${\mathrm{YBa}}_{2}{\mathrm{Cu}}_{2}$O${}_{6+\ensuremath{\delta}}$ in which transport perpendicular to the Cu-O planes becomes highly coherent. This effect is achieved by excitation with mid-infrared optical pulses, tuned to the resonant frequency of apical oxygen vibrations, which modulate both lattice and electronic properties. Below the superconducting transition temperature ${T}_{c}$, the equilibrium signatures of superconducting interlayer coupling are enhanced. Most strikingly, the optical excitation induces a new reflectivity edge at higher frequency than the equilibrium Josephson plasma resonance, with a concomitant enhancement of the low-frequency imaginary conductivity ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{2}(\ensuremath{\omega})$. Above ${T}_{c}$, the incoherent equilibrium conductivity becomes highly coherent, with the appearance of a reflectivity edge and a positive ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{2}(\ensuremath{\omega})$ that increases with decreasing frequency. These features are observed up to room temperature in ${\mathrm{YBa}}_{2}{\mathrm{Cu}}_{2}$O${}_{6.45}$ and ${\mathrm{YBa}}_{2}{\mathrm{Cu}}_{2}$O${}_{6.5.}$ The data above ${T}_{c}$ can be fitted by hypothesizing that the light establishes a transient superconducting state over only a fraction of the solid, with a lifetime of a few picoseconds. Non-superconducting transport could also explain these observations, although one would have to assume transient carrier mobilities near 10${}^{4}$ cm${}^{2}$/V sec at 100 K, with a density of charge carriers similar to the below-${T}_{c}$ superfluid density. Our results are indicative of highly unconventional nonequilibrium physics and open new prospects for optical control of complex solids.
Dual Receiver with Phase and Switched Diversity for Background Processing and Reception Improvement (2008)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;&lt;b&gt;This paper presents a cost-effective receiver system utilizing dual tuner antenna diversity. There are two modes of operation. In mode 1, the system is in phase diversity where two tuners operate harmoniously to minimize severe multipath distortion using beam pointing. In mode 2, the two tuners operate independently while still achieving reception improvement through intelligent antenna switching. This mode uses one tuner with two antenna switched diversity while the second tuner performs background processing. An advantage of this dual tuner architecture is the ability to provide concurrent multipath distortion reduction and background processing. An example of a digital FM receiver which embodies these functions is described.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Highly isospecific, immobilized zirconocene catalysts supported on chemically modified SiO<sub>2</sub> (1995)

Abstract Most of the supported metallocene catalysts reported so far have been devised to immobilize metallocenes on the solid surface utilizing the ionic interactions between metallocenes and surface active sites. Whereas, we have been challenging to prepare more rigidly immobilized catalysts by using the chemically modified SiO 2 . The SiO 2 ‐supported zirconocene catalysts thus prepared could be activated by ordinary trialkylaluminiums like Al(i‐C 4 H 9 ) 3 to give highly isotactic polypropene (PP) with high melting temperature (Tm) and number‐average molecular weight (Mn). This paper summarizes the results obtained so far.
Cloning and expression of a Streptococcus cremoris proteinase in Bacillus subtilis and Streptococcus lactis (1985)

Previously, curing experiments suggested that plasmid pWV05 (17.5 megadaltons [Md]) of Streptococcus cremoris Wg2 specifies proteolytic activity. A restriction enzyme map of pWV05 was constructed, the entire plasmid was subcloned in Escherichia coli with plasmids pBR329 and pACYC184. A 4.3-Md HindIII fragment could not be cloned in an uninterrupted way in E. coli but could be cloned in two parts. Both fragments showed homology with the 9-Md proteinase plasmid of S. cremoris HP. The 4.3-Md HindIII fragment was successfully cloned in Bacillus subtilis on plasmid pGKV2 (3.1 Md). Crossed immunoelectrophoresis of extracts of B. subtilis carrying the recombinant plasmid (pGKV500; 7.4 Md) showed that the fragment specifies two proteins of the proteolytic system of S. cremoris Wg2. PGKV500 was introduced in a proteinase-deficient Streptococcus lactis strain via protoplast transformation. Both proteins were also present in cell-free extracts of S. lactis(pGKV500). In S. lactis, pGKV500 enables the cells to grow normally in milk with rapid acid production, indicating that the 4.3-Md HindIII fragment of plasmid pWV05 specifies the proteolytic activity of S. cremoris Wg2.
Hashing and Data Fingerprinting in Digital Forensics (2009)

Hashing is a primary, yet under appreciated, tool in digital forensic investigations. Recent R&D has demonstrated that, with clever design, we can construct robust fingerprinting and similarity hashes that can significantly speed up an investigation.
Comparative actions of immunosuppressants, glucocorticoids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on various models of delayed hypersensitivity and on a non-immune inflammation in mice. (1990)

Various models of delayed hypersensitivity (DH) were used in mice: contact hypersensitivity reactions to picryl chloride and oxazolone and reactions to methylated bovine serum albumin (MBSA) and sheep red blood cells (SRBC). Drugs of different classes were tested in these models by systemic treatment around the challenge period: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (cyclooxygenase inhibitors, and inhibitors of both cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase); glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants (cyclosporin A. CsA; cyclophosphamide, Cy; methotrexate, Mtx; azathioprine, Aza). These compounds were also studied and compared for their effects on the 3-h and 24-h phase of the carrageenin mouse-paw edema (in which inflammation is maximal after 24 h). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (including double inhibitors of cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase) had little or no effect on DH models, except indometacin. Glucocorticoids inhibited all immune reactions except that to MBSA. Of the immunosuppressants, CsA reduced all the DH reactions while Aza mainly reduced the reaction to SRBC; Cy and Mtx were mainly active on SBRC and MBSA inflammations. On another hand CsA, Cy and Mtx were inactive on the 3-h phase but decreased the 24-h phase of carrageenin edema. At doses active on the DH models and on carrageenin inflammation, Cy induced a lasting blood leukopenia, but CsA and Mtx did not. This combination of tests in the mouse seems to be of interest to demonstrate any action on DH and any anti-inflammatory effect and to suggest whether these activities are related to a possible leukopenic effect.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Long-term improvement in mdx cardiomyopathy after therapy with peptide-conjugated morpholino oligomers† (2009)

These results demonstrate for the first time that PPMO-mediated exon skipping therapy early in the course of DMD may effectively prevent or slow down associated cardiac hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction with significant long-term impact.
Gene inactivation of Na<sup>+</sup>/H<sup>+</sup> exchanger isoform 1 attenuates apoptosis and mitochondrial damage following transient focal cerebral ischemia (2008)

We investigated mechanisms underlying the Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 1 (NHE1)-mediated neuronal damage in transient focal ischemia. Physiological parameters, body and tympanic temperatures, and regional cerebral blood flow during 30 min of middle cerebral artery occlusion were similar in wild-type NHE1 (NHE1+/+) and NHE1 heterozygous (NHE1+/-) mice. NHE1+/+ mice developed infarct volume of 57.3 +/- 8.8 mm(3) at 24 h reperfusion (Rp), which progressed to 86.1 +/- 10.0 mm(3) at 72 h Rp. This delayed cell death was preceded by release of mitochondrial cytochrome c (Cyt. C), nuclear translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), activation of caspase-3, and TUNEL-positive staining and chromatin condensation in the ipsilateral hemispheres of NHE1+/+ brains. In contrast, NHE1+/- mice had a significantly smaller infarct volume and improved neurological function. A similar neuroprotection was obtained with NHE1 inhibitor HOE 642. The number of apoptotic cells, release of AIF and Cyt. C or levels of active caspase-3 was significantly reduced in NHE1+/- brains. These data imply that NHE1 activity may contribute to ischemic apoptosis. Ischemic brains did not exhibit changes of NHE1 protein expression. In contrast, up-regulation of NHE1 expression was found in NHE1+/+ neurons after in vitro ischemia. These data suggest that NHE1 activation following cerebral ischemia contributes to mitochondrial damage and ischemic apoptosis.
Autocatalytic Activation of Human Cathepsin K (1997)

The in vitro activation of the recombinant purified human cathepsin K (EC 3.4.22.38) was examined by mutagenesis. Cathepsin K was expressed as a secreted proenzyme using baculovirus-infected Sf21 insect cells. Spontaneous in vitro activation of procathepsin K occurred at pH 4 and was catalyzed by exogenous mature cathepsin K. Three intermediates were identified as resulting from cleavages after Glu19, Ser98, and Glu110. The mature enzyme was composed of mixture of enzymes with N termini of Gly113, Arg114, and Ala115 with varying ratios depending on the preparation. Molecular weight determinations were consistent with the absence of carbohydrate in the mature protein, while electrospray mass spectroscopy indicated that six of the eight cysteine residues were in disulfide linkage, and that the protein had Met329 as the C-terminal residue. A mutant was constructed in which the active site Cys139 was changed to Ser. [Ser139,Ala163]Procathepsin K (containing mutation C139S,S163A) failed to spontaneously process and was only partially processed in the presence of 1% exogenous wild-type mature cathepsin K forming intermediates, which were identical to those observed in the activation of wild-type. [Ser139,Ala163]Procathepsin K could be fully processed to mature enzyme by including one equivalent of wild-type procathepsin K in the activation mixture. These results indicated that in vitro activation of the procathepsin K was an autocatalytic process.
Structure-Activity Relationships of Linear and Cyclic Peptides Containing the NGR Tumor-homing Motif (2002)

Cyclic and linear peptides containing the Asn-Gly-Arg (NGR) motif have proven useful for delivering various anti-tumor compounds and viral particles to tumor vessels. We have investigated the role of cyclic constraints on the structure and tumor-homing properties of NGR peptides using tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) derivatives containing disulfide-bridged (CNGRC-TNF) and linear (GNGRG-TNF) NGR domains. Experiments carried out in animal models showed that both GNGRG and CNGRC can target TNF to tumors. However, the anti-tumor activity of CNGRC-TNF was >10-fold higher than that of GNGRG-TNF. Molecular dynamic simulation of cyclic CNGRC showed the presence of a bend geometry involving residues Gly(3)-Arg(4). Molecular dynamic simulation of the same peptide without disulfide constraints showed that the most populated and thermodynamically favored configuration is characterized by the presence of a beta-turn involving residues Gly(3)-Arg(4) and hydrogen bonding interactions between the backbone atoms of Asn(2) and Cys(5). These results suggest that the NGR motif has a strong propensity to form beta-turn in linear peptides and may explain the finding that GNGRG peptide can target TNF to tumors, albeit to a lower extent than CNGRC. The disulfide bridge constraint is critical for stabilizing the bent conformation and for increasing the tumor targeting efficiency.
Arbitrary and Reconfigurable Optics – New Opportunities for Integrated Photonics (2017)

Recent understanding shows how to make universal linear components, beyond conventional optics. Fundamental consequences include new radiation laws. Practical integrated Mach-Zehnder meshes can be self-configured for arbitrary linear functions.
HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT AND POLICY DECISIONS ON HYPERBARIC OXYGEN TREATMENT (1999)

On the basis of the available evidence on benefits and costs to routine health care, there did not seem to be a particularly strong case for establishing a second HBOT center in the province. Following the assessment, the health authority made a decision not to provide funding for this additional service.
Der Hochstapler, der die Wahrheit sagte (2014)

Abstract Seit Anfang der 1980er Jahre ist bekannt, dass Amerikaner und Briten schon seit Mai 1943 von der deutschen “Geheimwaffe” Tabun wussten. Doch die Alliierten hielten jenen deutschen Soldaten, der das Geheimnis verriet, für unglaubwürdig. Wer dieser bislang namenlose vermeintliche Chemiker war, ist jetzt bekannt.
Cloning, structural analysis, and expression of the human slow twitch skeletal muscle/cardiac troponin C gene. (1990)

The two isoforms of troponin C that are differentially expressed in slow and fast twitch skeletal muscle are encoded by single copy genes. We are analyzing the mechanisms that control their highly restricted pattern of differential expression. The structure of the human fast twitch troponin C isoform gene has been reported (Gahlmann, R. and Kedes, L. (1990) J. Biol. Chem. 265, 12520-12528). Here we describe the isolation, nucleotide sequence, and localization of a regulating promoter element sufficient to impart expression of the human slow twitch skeletal muscle troponin C gene which is also the isoform expressed in heart. The 3.0-kilobase gene is composed of 6 exons and 5 introns. Introns and 5'-flanking sequences between the human and mouse slow troponin C genes are highly conserved. The gene is transcribed from the same start site in skeletal and cardiac muscle. A consensus TATA box is located 29 base pairs upstream of the transcriptional start site but no canonical CAAT box was observed. Cell transfection experiments provided evidence that promoter elements that are responsible for a cell type-specific pattern of gene expression are located in the 5'-flanking sequences. Constructs comprising 4.0 kilobases of 5'-flanking sequences, attached upstream of the chloramphenicol transferase gene as reporter, were expressed at high levels in differentiated cells of three myogenic cell lines (C2, L8, and H9c2(2-1)) and also at high levels in undifferentiated C2 and H9c2(2-1) cells. Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase activity was not detected in either WI38 cells or monkey kidney cells, CV-1. 5'-Deletion constructs were assayed for expression in differentiated H9c2(2-1) and C2 cells. Sequences between base pairs -67 and +24 were sufficient for high level expression in these cell lines.
Everyone Here Speaks TXT: Deaf People Using SMS in Australia and the Rest of the World (2004)

This article examines the extent to which Short Message Service (SMS) messages are breaking down communication barriers among deaf people and between deaf and hearing people. It is predicted that deaf texters will use SMS to increase the bonds between themselves in deaf communities, creating new opportunities to develop relationships, understanding, and intimacy with those not physically present. The most exciting question raised by this article is whether those kinds of relationships, understanding, and intimacy will develop to the same extent with hearing colleagues, friends, and intimates.
Nanostructured origami&amp;#x2122; folding of patternable resist for 3D lithography (2010)

A new method to fold free standing poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) resist using e-beam exposure is developed and demonstrated. The results prove controllable folding of the patterned PMMA. An explanation of the folding mechanism is proposed based on experimental characterization and theoretical analysis. 3D lithography is achieved by attaching the patterned resist on an adjacent side wall by folding. Patterns are effectively transferred by depositing metal followed by a lift-off process.
Recalculation of Some Reactivity Ratios (1980)

Abstract In attempting to improve the evaluation of Q and e values, some 900 reactivity ratios were recalculated.
A Non-Destructive Method for Determining Peanut Pod Maturity (1981)

Abstract A method of classification based on color and morphological differences of the mesocarp is described for determining the developmental stages of fresh peanut [Arachis hypogaea (L) ‘Flo-runner’] pods. Developmental stages are designated as Classes 1-7, with each subsequently numbered class representing progressively greater degrees of maturity. For illustration each class is subdivided into one-quarter increments which are represented pictorially by beginning points. Because various combinations of classes and/or subclasses can be used, the system has inherent flexibility to accomodate the degree of refinement dictated by classification needs. Maturity determination by this method requires removal of a portion of the exocarp or epidermis to expose the pod mesocarp. The exocarp can be removed by sand blasting, gentle abrasion, or lightly scraping with a knife. Because removal of the exocarp is non-destructive to the remaining pod structure and enclosed seeds, the method has inherent advantages for use in commercial culture and in biological investigations requiring intact pods and/or seed.
Multiple-fiber probe design for fluorescence spectroscopy in tissue (2002)

The fiber-optic probe is an essential component of many quantitative fluorescence spectroscopy systems, enabling delivery of excitation light and collection of remitted fluorescence in a wide variety of clinical and laboratory situations. However, there is little information available on the role of illumination--collection geometry to guide the design of these components. Therefore we used a Monte Carlo model to investigate the effect of multifiber probe design parameters--numerical aperture, fiber diameter, source--collection fiber separation distance, and fiber-tissue spacer thickness--on light propagation and the origin of detected fluorescence. An excitation wavelength of 400 nm and an emission wavelength of 630 nm were simulated. Noteworthy effects included an increase in axial selectivity with decreasing fiber size and a transition with increasing fiber-tissue spacer size from a subsurface peak in fluorophore sensitivity to a nearly monotonic decrease typical of single-fiber probes. We provide theoretical evidence that probe design strongly affects tissue interrogation. Therefore application-specific customization of probe design may lead to improvements in the efficacy of fluorescence-based diagnostic devices.
Volatile Metabolites from Actinomycetes (2002)

Twenty-six Streptomyces spp. were screened for their volatile production capacity on yeast starch agar. The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were concentrated on a porous polymer throughout an 8-day growth period. VOCs were analyzed by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection and identified or characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. A total of 120 VOCs were characterized by retention index and mass spectra. Fifty-three compounds were characterized as terpenoid compounds, among which 18 could be identified. Among the VOCs were alkanes, alkenes, alcohols, esters, ketones, sulfur compounds, and isoprenoid compounds. Among the most frequently produced compounds were isoprene, acetone, 1-butanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol, 3-methyl-3-buten-1-ol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, 2-methyl-1-butanol, cyclopentanone, dimethyl disulfide, dimethyl trisulfide, 2-phenylethanol, and geosmin. The relationship between the excretion of geosmin and the production of spores was examined for one isolate. A good correlation between headspace geosmin and the number of spores was observed, suggesting that VOCs could be used to indicate the activity of these microorganisms in heterogeneous substrates.
Parametric Appraisal of Process Parameters for Adhesion of Plasma Sprayed Nanostructured YSZ Coatings Using Taguchi Experimental Design (2013)

This paper presents the application of the Taguchi experimental design in developing nanostructured yittria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) coatings by plasma spraying process. This paper depicts dependence of adhesion strength of as-sprayed nanostructured YSZ coatings on various process parameters, and effect of those process parameters on performance output has been studied using Taguchi's L16 orthogonal array design. Particle velocities prior to impacting the substrate, stand-off-distance, and particle temperature are found to be the most significant parameter affecting the bond strength. To achieve retention of nanostructure, molten state of nanoagglomerates (temperature and velocity) has been monitored using particle diagnostics tool. Maximum adhesion strength of 40.56 MPa has been experimentally found out by selecting optimum levels of selected factors. The enhanced bond strength of nano-YSZ coating may be attributed to higher interfacial toughness due to cracks being interrupted by adherent nanozones.
&lt;title&gt;Images and test results of MOSAD all-digital 640 x 480 MWIR prototype camera&lt;/title&gt; (2000)

A large format prototype infrared camera based on the MOSAD (Multiplexed OverSample A/D converter) concept was developed and demonstrated. Each pixel readout buffer is composed of a two integrator one bit modulator that converts the accumulating photon induced charge to a digital value. This camera is designed around a 640 X 480 pixel focal plane array with an A/D converter at each pixel. The focal plane is a CMOS design readout hybridized to a MWIR (3 - 5 micron) N on P Mercury Cadmium Telluride detector array with pixels placed on 27 micron centers. Amain developed and tested the readout, camera and electronics. Rockwell Science Center provided the detectors which they hybridized to the Amain readout.
Tumor Escape Mechanism Governed by Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells (2008)

T-cell nonresponsiveness is a critical factor in immune escape and myeloid-derived suppressor cells play a major role in organizing this phenomenon. Recent findings indicate that myeloid-derived suppressor cells can induce antigen-specific CD8(+) T-cell tolerance through a posttranslation mechanism which involves modification (nitration) of CD8 and the T-cell receptor itself on the T-cell surface. Elucidation of this mechanism of T-cell tolerance offers new opportunities for therapeutic corrections of immune escape in cancer.