gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Studies on Adsorption Characteristics of Bile Acids and Methotrexate to a New Type of Anion-Exchange Resin, Colestimide. (2000)

The adsorption characteristics of various bile acids and methotrexate to a new type of anion-exchange resin, colestimide, were studied in vitro and compared with those to cholestyramine. For bile acids, colestimide was shown to have a higher capacity than cholestyramine. For example, approximately 1.4-fold higher for cholic acid and 2.0-fold for deoxycholic acid in water. In the presence of physiological anions, the degree of adsorption of cholic acid to both resins was greatly reduced, whereas adsorption of deoxycholic acid was only slightly reduced. Furthermore, the bed-volume of colestimide swelled about 6.8-fold in water, hence the anion-exchange groups of this resin are expected to be able to function effectively in adsorption of bile acids in the gut. In addition, colestimide was found to have high adsorption capacity for methotrexate, not only in water but also in media containing various physiological anions, and thus it is suggested that colestimide is a potential oral antidote to reduce possible toxicity by methotrexate through interruption of enterohepatic circulation.
Transaction Identifiers in Nested Transactions: Implementation Schemes and Performance (1997)

Journal Article Transaction Identifiers in Nested Transactions: Implementation Schemes and Performance Get access F. de Ferreira Rezende, F. de Ferreira Rezende Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. Härder, T. Härder Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Zielinski J. Zielinski Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Computer Journal, Volume 40, Issue 5, 1997, Pages 245–258, https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/40.5.245 Published: 01 January 1997
Optimized incremental ETL jobs for maintaining data warehouses (2010)

ETL jobs are used to integrate data from distributed and heterogeneous sources into a data warehouse. A well-known challenge in this context is the development of incremental ETL jobs for efficiently maintaining warehouse data in the presence of source data updates. In this paper, we present a new transformation-based approach to automatically derive incremental ETL jobs. To this end, we consider a simplification of the underlying update propagation process based on the computation of so-called safe updates instead of true ones. Additionally, we identify the limitations of already proposed incremental solutions, which are cured by employing Magic Sets leading to dramatic performance gains.
Bypass gástrico laparoscópico versus gastrectomía vertical en manga laparoscópica. Resultados a corto plazo en una Clínica de Obesidad del Gobierno del Distrito Federal (2011)

Introduccion: Mexico mundialmente ocupa el segundo lugar en obesidad. Ante esto el Gobierno del D.F. creo la primera clinica para el manejo quirurgico e integral de esta enfermedad. El bypass gastrico en Y de Roux laparoscopico (BPGYRL) ha probado ser seguro y efectivo a largo plazo. Recientemente la gastrectomia vertical en manga laparoscopica (GVML) ha reportado tambien buenos resultados pero a corto plazo, sin embargo existen pocos estudios, ninguno en Mexico, que comparen ambos procedimientos. Objetivo: Describir y comparar retrospectivamente los resultados que obtuvimos durante el primer ano de experiencia en esta clinica. Metodos: De marzo 2009 a abril 2010, 61 pacientes fueron operados. BPGYRL (n = 40) y GVML (n = 21). Se comparo edad, sexo, IMC, comorbilidades, mejoria de las mismas, tiempo quirurgico, tiempo de estancia hospitalaria, complicaciones y porcentaje de exceso de peso perdido a un ano de seguimiento promedio. Resultados: No hubo diferencia signifi cativa en edad, sexo, comorbilidades y dias de estancia hospitalaria. El IMC preoperatorio fue mayor en los pacientes operados de GVML. La resolucion de la diabetes y de la hipertension no fue signifi cativa, sin embargo los pacientes operados de BPGYRL mostraron una resolucion signifi cativa de la dislipidemia mixta y un porcentaje de exceso de peso perdido mayor a un ano de seguimiento, siendo del 70.2 ± 19% para el grupo de BPGYRL y de 41 ± 10% para los pacientes operados de GVML (p = 0.00029383). La tasa de complicaciones no fue signifi cativa, siendo del 27.5% para el grupo de BPGYRL y de 24% para el grupo de GVML. No hubo mortalidad en ninguno de los grupos. Conclusion: A corto plazo el BPGYRL es mas efectivo para la perdida en el exceso de peso y para la resolucion de la dislipidemia mixta. Ambos procedimientos son efi caces para la resolucion de la diabetes y de la hipertension Abstract
CD8 T Cells Inhibit Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Vaccine-Enhanced Disease (2007)

Vaccination of children with a formalin-inactivated (FI) respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine led to exacerbated disease including pulmonary eosinophilia following a natural RSV infection. Immunization of BALB/c mice with FI-RSV or a recombinant vaccinia virus (vv) expressing the RSV attachment (G) protein (vvG) results in a pulmonary Th2 response and eosinophilia after RSV challenge that closely mimics the RSV vaccine-enhanced disease observed in humans. The underlying causes of RSV vaccine-enhanced disease remain poorly understood. We demonstrate here that RSV M2-specific CD8 T cells reduce the Th2-mediated pathology induced by vvG-immunization and RSV challenge in an IFN-gamma-independent manner. We also demonstrate that FI-RSV immunization does not induce a measurable RSV-specific CD8 T cell response and that priming FI-RSV-immunized mice for a potent memory RSV-specific CD8 T cell response abrogates pulmonary eosinophilia after subsequent RSV challenge. Our results suggest that the failure of the FI-RSV vaccine to induce a CD8 T cell response may have contributed to the development of pulmonary eosinophilia and augmented disease that occurred in vaccinated individuals.
Meridic Diet for Rearing Successive Generations of Lygus hesperus12 (1982)

Journal Article Meridic Diet for Rearing Successive Generations of Lygus hesperus Get access Jack W. Debolt Jack W. Debolt Biological Control of Insects Laboratory, Agricultural Research, Science and Education Administration, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Tucson, Arizona 85719 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Annals of the Entomological Society of America, Volume 75, Issue 2, 15 March 1982, Pages 119–122, https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/75.2.119 Published: 15 March 1982 Article history Received: 17 February 1981 Published: 15 March 1982
Efficiency and marginal cost pricing in dynamic competitive markets with friction (2010)

This paper examines a dynamic general equilibrium model with supply friction. With or without friction, the competitive equilibrium is efficient. Without friction, the market price is completely determined by the marginal production cost. If friction is present, no matter how small, then the market price fluctuates between zero and the “choke-up” price, without any tendency to converge to the marginal production cost, exhibiting considerable volatility. The distribution of the gains from trading in an efficient allocation may be skewed in favor of the supplier, although every player in the market is a price taker.
Knowledge based fault location in a data communication network (2003)

The architecture of an expert system developed to investigate the potential of expert-system shell technology for diagnosing faults in a computer-communications network to evaluate the fast prototyping capabilities of a shell tool, and to demonstrate the potential to decision makers in the network-maintenance field is described. The demonstration system was constructed using the knowledge engineering environment (KEE) on a Sperry Explorer workstation, and used simulations of the real-world environment in which an operational system would function. The system used many of the KEE paradigms, including object-oriented programming, and rules and methods. An evaluation of the demonstration and of the KEE/Explorer environment is also presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Microneedle-mediated delivery of donepezil: Potential for improved treatment options in Alzheimer’s disease (2016)

Transdermal drug delivery is an attractive route of drug administration; however, there are relatively few marketed transdermal products. To increase delivery across the skin, strategies to enhance skin permeability are widely investigated, with microneedles demonstrating particular promise. Hydrogel-forming microneedles are inserted into the skin, and following dissolution of a drug loaded reservoir and movement of the drug through the created channels, the microneedle array is removed intact, and can then be readily and safely discarded. This study presents the formulation and evaluation of an integrated microneedle patch containing the Alzheimer's drug, donepezil hydrochloride. The integrated patch consisted of hydrogel-forming microneedles in combination with a donepezil hydrochloride containing film. Formulation and characterisation of plasticised films, prepared from poly(vinylpyrrolidone) or poly (methyl vinyl ether co-maleic anhydride/acid) (Gantrez®) polymers, is presented. Furthermore, in vitro permeation of donepezil hydrochloride across neonatal porcine skin from the patches was investigated, with 854.71μg±122.71μg donepezil hydrochloride delivered after 24h, using the optimum patch formulation. Following administration of the patch to an animal model, plasma concentrations of 51.8±17.6ng/mL were obtained, demonstrating the success of this delivery platform for donepezil hydrochloride.
A high-level data manipulation language for hierarchical data structures (1976)

In this paper we assert that the hierarchical view of data will continue to be popular for a broad class of applications and users. In particular, some of these applications require complex data manipulation which, heretofore, has been dealt with procedurally. In this light, a nonprocedural language, CONVERT, is proposed as a high-level DBMS interface. CONVERT is meant to provide users with a tool for performing complex data manipulation and query of hierarchical data abstractions, called “Forms”. Included in the paper are a description of the Form data abstraction and the CONVERT language, as well as a complete illustrative sample application.
CarvingNet: Content-Guided Seam Carving Using Deep Convolution Neural Network (2018)

We propose an improved content-aware image resizing method that uses deep learning. The proposed method is extended from seam carving, which is another image resizing method. Seam carving uses the energy map from an image. It also removes a seam where the energy is the minimum. We propose a method for creating a deep energy map using an encoder–decoder convolution neural network. A deep energy map preserves important parts or boundaries in an image, without distortion. Furthermore, it has the characteristic that uniform intensity of edges is displayed for all images. Four well-known resizing methods and our proposed method were evaluated in terms of aspect ratio similarity. In such an objective evaluation, the proposed method demonstrated better results than the other four algorithms. Our proposed method can reduce the size of an image without damaging the overall structure or losing important information in the image.
Static Detection of Vulnerabilities in x86 Executables (2006)

Several approaches have been proposed to perform vulnerability analysis of applications written in high-level languages. However, little has been done to automatically identify security-relevant flaws in binary code. In this paper, we present a novel approach to the identification of vulnerabilities in x86 executables in ELF binary format. Our approach is based on static analysis and symbolic execution techniques. We implemented our approach in a proof-of-concept tool and used it to detect taint-style vulnerabilities in binary code. The results of our evaluation show that our approach is both practical and effective
Quantitative Bias in Illumina TruSeq and a Novel Post Amplification Barcoding Strategy for Multiplexed DNA and Small RNA Deep Sequencing (2011)

Here we demonstrate a method for unbiased multiplexed deep sequencing of RNA and DNA libraries using a novel, efficient and adaptable barcoding strategy called Post Amplification Ligation-Mediated (PALM). PALM barcoding is performed as the very last step of library preparation, eliminating a potential barcode-induced bias and allowing the flexibility to synthesize as many barcodes as needed. We sequenced PALM barcoded micro RNA (miRNA) and DNA reference samples and evaluated the quantitative barcode-induced bias in comparison to the same reference samples prepared using the Illumina TruSeq barcoding strategy. The Illumina TruSeq small RNA strategy introduces the barcode during the PCR step using differentially barcoded primers, while the TruSeq DNA strategy introduces the barcode before the PCR step by ligation of differentially barcoded adaptors. Results show virtually no bias between the differentially barcoded miRNA and DNA samples, both for the PALM and the TruSeq sample preparation methods. We also multiplexed miRNA reference samples using a pre-PCR barcode ligation. This barcoding strategy results in significant bias.
Rapid purification of recombinant baculovirus using fluorescence-activated cell sorting. (1993)

Expression of foreign proteins in the baculovirus-insect cell expression system has been limited by difficulties in rapid identification and purification of recombinant virus. Although the process of identifying recombinant virus has been greatly facilitated by the introduction of vectors that lead to insect cell co-expression of beta-galactosidase with foreign genes of interest, isolation of pure recombinant virus using plaque purification may still take several weeks to months to accomplish. Using a fluorescent beta-galactosidase substrate, we have established that insect cells harboring recombinant virus can be rapidly isolated using fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Pure recombinant virus can then be readily obtained using this cellular fraction, with a pure viral culture generally obtained within 2-3 weeks of insect cell transfection.
Thixotropic Hydrogel Derived from a Product of an Organic Solid-State Synthesis: Properties and Densities of Metal−Organic Nanoparticles (2011)

Metallogels form from Cu(II) ions and tetratopic ligand rctt-1,2-bis(3-pyridyl)-3,4-bis(4-pyridyl)cyclobutane. The tetrapyridyl cyclobutane has been synthesized in the organic solid state. The gel forms with a variety of counteranions and gels water. The hydrogel is thixotropic and is composed of nanoscale metal-organic particles (NMOPs), a high surface area of which likely accounts for the gelation of the polar aqueous medium. A shear stress profile of the thixotropic hydrogel gave a yield value of 8.33 Pa. A novel combination of atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) is used to assess the densities of individual NMOPs. A density of 1.37 g/cm(3) has been determined. A single-crystal X-ray diffraction study demonstrates the ability of the unsymmetrical cyclobutane 3,4'-tpcb to self-assemble with Cu(II) ions in [Cu(2)(hfac)(4)(3,4'-tpcb)](∞) (where hfac is hexafluoroacetylacetonate) to form a solvated 1D coordination polymer.
[Extrapleural thoracoplasty as an alternative to pulmonectomy]. (2006)

Basing on the literature data, negative tendency for the modern tuberculosis course was substantiated. The main causes of conservative treatment failures for chronic and aged forms of tuberculosis were shown. The data concerning the surgical treatment character change for pulmonary tuberculosis, from resection toward thoracoplasty, were adduced. The authors consider extrapleural thoracoplasty as an alternative to pulmonectomy.
Managing application service dependencies with XML and the resource description framework (2002)

This paper describes a novel approach for applying XML, XPath and RDF to the problem of describing, querying and computing the dependencies among services in a distributed computing system. This becomes increasingly important in today's networked environments where applications and services rely on both local and outsourced sub-services. However, service dependencies are not made explicit in today's systems, thus making the task of problem determination particularly difficult. A key contribution of the paper is a Web-based architecture for retrieving and handling dependency information from various managed resources. Its core component is a dependency query facility allowing the application of queries and filters to dependency models; its output is a consolidated dependency graph that can then be used by fault management applications to perform additional problem determination tasks or event correlation. The definition of an XML based notation for specifying dependencies facilitates information sharing between the components involved in the process.
Endocannabinoid control of gastric sensorimotor function in man (2010)

Endocannabinoids acting on the CB1 receptor are involved in the control of gastric accommodation in man.
Race-specific elicitors of Cladosporium fulvum promote translocation of cytosolic components of NADPH oxidase to the plasma membrane of tomato cells. (1997)

The effect of race-specific elicitors on NADPH oxidase was examined in vivo by treating tomato cells with elicitor-containing intercellular fluids prepared from infected tomato leaves inoculated with specific Cladosporium fulvum races. Treatment of Cf-4 or Cf-5 cells with intercellular fluids from incompatible but not from compatible races of C. fulvum increased oxidase activity and the amount of p67-phox, p47-phox, and rac2 in the plasma membrane. Comparison of these three components in the cytosol and plasma membrane indicated that elicitors promoted the translocation of cytosolic components of NADPH oxidase to the plasma membrane of tomato cells carrying the appropriate resistance gene. Protein kinase C activators and inhibitors did not affect enzyme activity or the binding of these three components to the plasma membrane. In contrast, staurosporine, calmodulin antagonists, and EGTA inhibited elicitor-induced oxidase activity and the translocation of the cytosolic components. The assembly process involves a Ca(2+)-dependent protein kinase that catalyzes the phosphorylation of p67-phox and p47-phox, facilitating their translocation to the plasma membrane. Our data suggest that although both plants and animals share common elements in eukaryotic signal transduction, the involvement of different protein kinases mediating the activation of phosphorylation of p67-phox and p47-phox may reflect the unique spatial and temporal distribution of signal transduction pathways in plants.
Potential Role of Salicylates in Type 2 Diabetes (2010)

Salicylates, especially salsalate, appear to be a promising treatment option for prevention or treatment of diabetes by lowering glucose levels. More extensive studies are needed to confirm the mechanisms involved and whether the effects are sustainable with continued administration of these agents. Further studies are warranted.
Effects of a New Plant Growth Regulator Prohexadione Calcium (BX-112) on Shoot Elongation Caused by Exogenously Applied Gibberellins in Rice (&lt;italic&gt;Oryza sativa&lt;/italic&gt; L.) Seedlings (1990)

The effects of a novel plant growth regulator (PGR) prohexadione calcium (BX-112; calcium 3,5-dioxo-4-propionylcyclohexanecarboxylate) on shoot elongation caused by exogenously applied GA1, GA3, GA4) GA19 and GA20 were investigated in rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Nihonbare and cv. Tan-ginbozu) seedling test. Depending on the dose, BX-112 reduced shoot elongation in both cultivars caused by GA19 and GA20, but not by GA1. When a high dose of BX-112 (e.g. 250 ng/plant and over) was applied with GA1, or GA4, shoot elongation was even promoted. This promotive effect, however, was not observed with GA3. These results suggest that BX-112 inhibits gibberellin (GA) biosynthesis in the rice plant at the 3β- and 2β-hydroxylation of GAs, namely steps of activation and inactivation, respectively.
Battery Availability for Near-Term (1998) Electric Vehicles (1991)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Battery Requirements were determined for a wide spectrum of electric vehicles ranging from 2-passenger sports cars and microvans to full-size vans with a payload of 500 kg. All the vehicles utilize ac, high voltage (340-360 V) powertrains and have acceleration performance (0-80 km/h in less than 15 seconds) expected to be the norm in 1998 electric vehicles. Battery packs were configured for each of the vehicles using families of sealed lead-acid and nickel-cadmium modules which are either presently available in limited quantities or are being developed by battery companies which market a similar battery technology. It was found that the battery families available encompass the Ah cell sizes required for the various vehicles and that they could be packaged in the space available in each vehicle. The acceleration performance and range of the vehicles were calculated using the SIMPLEV simulation program. The results showed that all the vehicles had the required acceleration characteristics and ranges beween 80-160 km (50-100 miles) with the ranges using nickel-cadmium batteries being 40-60% greater than those using lead-acid batteries.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Significant changes in the design of electric vehicles over the last fifteen years are noted. These changes make the design of the batteries more difficult by increasing the peak power density required from about 60 W/kg to 100-150 W/kg and by reducing the Ah cell size needed from about 150 Ah to 30-70 Ah. Both of these changes in battery specifications increase the difficulty of achieving low $/kWh cost and long cycle life. This is true for both lead-acid and nickel-cadmium batteries.&lt;/div&gt;
Janus Kinase 2: A Critical Target in Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (2006)

The Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase is the causative factor in most chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) patients. We have shown that Bcr-Abl is associated with a cluster of signaling proteins, including Janus kinase (Jak) 2, growth factor receptor binding protein 2-associated binder (Gab) 2, Akt, and glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3beta. Treatment of CML cell lines and mouse Bcr-Abl+ 32D cells with either Jak2 short interfering RNA or Jak2 kinase inhibitor AG490 inhibited pTyr Gab2 and pSer Akt formation, inhibited the activation of nuclear factor-kappaB, and caused the activation of GSK-3beta, leading to the reduction of c-Myc. Importantly, BaF3 cells expressing T315I and E255K imatinib-resistant mutants of Bcr-Abl underwent apoptosis on exposure to AG490 yet were resistant to imatinib. Similar to wild-type Bcr-Abl+ cells, inhibition of Jak2 by Ag490 treatment resulted in decrease of pSer Akt and c-Myc in imatinib-resistant cells. These results identify Jak2 as a potentially important therapeutic target for CML.