gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molecular cloning and spatio-temporal expression of the prostaglandin transporter: A basis for the action of prostaglandins in the bovine reproductive system (2003)

Prostaglandins (PGs) play important roles in mammalian reproductive function through autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine actions. However, they predominate as charged anions and diffuse poorly across the plasma membrane. Recently, a PG transporter (PGT) has been found to mediate PG transport across cell membranes. In ruminants, endometrial PGs are transported by a vascular pathway to the ovary to regress or rescue the corpus luteum. There is no report on the role of PGT in the reproductive functions of any species. We have cloned and characterized the bovine PGT (bPGT) that transports different PGs in the following affinity order: PGE2 = PGF2alpha >/= PGD2 much greater than arachidonate. bPGT mRNA and protein are expressed in endometrium, myometrium, and the utero-ovarian plexus (UOP) during the estrous cycle. The level of bPGT expression is higher in endometrium and UOP on the side of corpus luteum between days 13 and 18 of the estrous cycle. bPGT protein is localized in endometrial stroma, luminal epithelial cells, myometrial smooth muscle cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells of uterine vein and artery. In UOP, bPGT is selectively expressed in vascular smooth muscle cells of uterine vein and ovarian artery. Spatio-temporal expression of bPGT in uterine tissues and UOP supports a significant role of bPGT in cellular and compartmental transport of PGs to mediate the endocrine action at the time of luteolysis or establishment of pregnancy in bovine. This study describes and proposes a role of PGT in the regulation of reproductive processes.
(+)-Saxitoxin:  A First and Second Generation Stereoselective Synthesis (2007)

A stereoselective synthesis of the bis-guanidinium toxin (+)-saxitoxin (STX), the agent infamously associated with red tides and paralytic shellfish poisoning, is described. Our approach to this unique natural product advances through an unusual nine-membered ring guanidine intermediate 39 en route to the tricyclic skeleton that defines STX. The effectiveness of this strategy is notable, as only four steps are needed to transform 39 into the target molecule, including a four-electron alkene oxidation catalyzed by OsCl3. Construction of the critical monocyclic guanidine has been achieved through two channels, the first of which makes use of Rh-catalyzed C-H amination and highlights a novel class of heterocyclic N,O-acetals as iminium ion equivalents for crafting functionalized amines. A second route to 39 relies on a stereoselective acetylide dianion addition to a serine-based nitrone, thereby facilitating the preparation of STX in just 14 linear steps from commercial material.
Practical UNIX Security (1991)

This volume tells system administrators how to make their UNIX system - either System V or BSD - as secure as it possibly can be without going to trusted system technology. The book describes UNIX concepts and how they enforce security, tells how to defend against and handle security breaches, and explains network security (including UUCP, NFS, Kerberos, and firewall machines) in detail.
phyloseq: An R Package for Reproducible Interactive Analysis and Graphics of Microbiome Census Data (2013)

The phyloseq project for R is a new open-source software package, freely available on the web from both GitHub and Bioconductor.
Disruption of <i>mRad50</i> causes embryonic stem cell lethality, abnormal embryonic development, and sensitivity to ionizing radiation (1999)

The Mre11/Rad50 protein complex functions in diverse aspects of the cellular response to double-strand breaks (DSBs), including the detection of DNA damage, the activation of cell cycle checkpoints, and DSB repair. Whereas genetic analyses in Saccharomyces cerevisiae have provided insight regarding DSB repair functions of this highly conserved complex, the implication of the human complex in Nijmegen breakage syndrome reveals its role in cell cycle checkpoint functions. We established mRad50 mutant mice to examine the role of the mammalian Mre11/Rad50 protein complex in the DNA damage response. Early embryonic cells deficient in mRad50 are hypersensitive to ionizing radiation, consistent with a role for this complex in the repair of ionizing radiation-induced DSBs. However, the null mrad50 mutation is lethal in cultured embryonic stem cells and in early developing embryos, indicating that the mammalian Mre11/Rad50 protein complex mediates functions in normally growing cells that are essential for viability.
Gibberella fujikuroi mutants obtained with UV radiation and N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (1985)

N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (nitrosoguanidine) and to a lesser extent UV radiation are very mutagenic for Gibberella microconidia. The recommended nitrosoguanidine doses lead to much higher frequencies of mutants than are found in other microorganisms. The frequency of mutants among the survivors increases linearly with the nitrosoguanidine dose (molar concentration X time); the absolute number of viable mutants in a given population reaches a maximum for a dose of ca. 0.7 M X s. The microconidia are uninucleate. The onset of germination brings about increased lethality of nitrosoguanidine, but it does not modify the action of UV radiation. Mycelia are more resistant than spores to both agents. Visible illumination effectively prevents lethality when given immediately after UV radiation. Auxotrophs and color mutants are very easily obtained. Pink adenine auxotrophs and several classes of color mutants are affected in the biosynthesis of the carotenoid pigment, neurosporaxanthin.
A Photochemical Approach to Highlight Backbone Effects in PNA (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTA Photochemical Approach to Highlight Backbone Effects in PNAPascale Clivio, Dominique Guillaume, Marie-Thérèse Adeline, and Jean-Louis FourreyView Author Information Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France Laboratoire de Chimie Thérapeutique (URA 1310) Faculté de Pharmacie, Université René Descartes 4, Avenue de l'Observatoire, 75006 Paris, France Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 22, 5255–5256Publication Date (Web):June 4, 1997Publication History Received10 December 1996Published online4 June 1997Published inissue 1 June 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja964251chttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja964251crapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views94Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Adducts,Carbene compounds,Conformation,Genetics,Phosphates Get e-Alerts
Photoacoustic 3D visualization of tumor angiogenesis (2008)

Photoacoustic imaging is used to obtain a range of three-dimensional images representing tumor neovascularization over a 10-day period after subcutaneous inoculation of pancreatic tumor cells in a rat. The images are reconstructed from data measured with a double-ring photoacoustic detector. The ultrasound data originates from the optical absorption by hemoglobin of 14 ns laser pulses at a wavelength of 1064 nm. Three-dimensional data is obtained by using two dimensional linear scanning. Scanning and motion artifacts are reduced using a correction method. The data is used to visualize the development of the individual blood vessels around the growing tumor, blood concentration changes inside the tumor and growth in depth of the neovascularized region. The three-dimensional vasculature reconstruction is created using VTK, which enables us to create a composition of the vasculature on day seven, eight and ten and to interactively measure tumor growth in the near future.
Contact Lens Problem Solving (1994)

Rigid Gas-Permeable Lens Design, Fitting, and Problem Solving. Rigid Lens Care and Compliance. Hydogel Lens Fitting, Evaluation and Problem Solving. Hydrogel Lens Care and Compliance. Disposable Lenses. Astigmatism. Prebyopia. Management of Diseased and Postsurgical Corneas. Management of Contact Lens-Induced Complications.
Joint Conditional Random Field of multiple views with online learning for image-based rendering (2008)

There are many applications, such as image-based rendering, where multiple views of a scene are considered simultaneously for improved analysis through employing strong correlation among the set of pixels corresponding to the same physical scene point. While being a useful tool for modeling pixel interactions, Markov random field (MRF) models encounter challenges in such cases since they assume strong independence of the observed data for tractability, rendering it difficult to take advantage of having multiple correlated views. In this paper we propose joint conditional random field (CRF) for multiple views in the context of virtual view synthesis in image-based rendering. The model is enabled by the adoption of steerable spatial filters for capturing not only the pixel dependence in a single image but also their correlations among multiple views. Furthermore, a novel on-line learning scheme is proposed for the CRF model, which learns the CRF parameters from the same input data for synthesizing virtual views. This effectively makes the model adaptive to the input and thus optimal results can be expected. Experiments are designed to validate the proposed approach and its effectiveness.
Genetic Dissection of Root Formation in Maize (Zea mays) Reveals Root-type Specific Developmental Programmes (2004)

This review summarizes these genetic data in the context of the maize root morphology and anatomy and gives an outlook on possible perspectives of the molecular analysis of maize root formation.
"Insights from China for the United States: Shadow Banking, Economic Development, and Financial Systems" (2015)

The growth of China’s shadow banking industry has been a recent source of serious concern for the US-China Economic and Security Review Commission. US shadow banking practices contributed to the 2008 financial crisis. The proliferation of these practices in China potentially threatens not only China but also economies that are intimately tied to China through trade, investment, and financial relationships such as the United States’ economy. An investigation of Chinese shadow banking, in the context of China’s post-1978 debt financing experience, reveals that China poses a challenge to the established theory that strong, formal financial systems are required for economic growth. 

Contrary to expectation, China’s outstanding economic growth in the last thirty-five years took place without a strong formal financial system that was easily accessible to private entrepreneurs. This article examines the remarkable story of how China, constrained by political and historical legacies, relied upon informal financing structures to fund Chinese private entrepreneurs who contributed significantly to China’s stellar economic growth. China’s story affirms the work of scholars who have emphasized the importance of sociopolitical structures and who have theorized that law does not necessarily precede economic development but is engaged in a complex relationship with other normative structures. An examination of the sociopolitical underpinnings of China’s informal finance sector also reveals how shadow banking has grown to concerning levels in China and the challenges ahead that China faces as it attempts to use policy and legislative responses. 

Interestingly, this examination also reveals commonalities between China and the United States and suggests that there is the potential for mutual enlightenment despite the vastly different political systems and histories of these two countries. Thus, China’s shadow banking story advances our understanding on two fronts: (a) China’s example challenges current theoretical understandings of law, finance and economic development and requires us to broaden our inquiry to include political history and informal societal structures and (b) a sociopolitically informed understanding of China also allows us to draw comparisons to the United States to isolate commonalities and differences that may inform future legislative responses and mutual understanding between both countries.
Immunization with cell‐free‐generated vaccine protects from <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i>‐induced alveolar bone loss (2018)

These data verify the utility of the CFPS technology to synthesize proteins that have the capacity to serve as novel vaccines.
An Evaluation of Two Foot-Specific, Health-Related Quality-of-Life Measuring Instruments (2002)

In the past decade, health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) assessment has become an important tool to measure change as a result of treatment in clinical trials. The aim of this project was to compare and contrast two foot-specific HRQoL questionnaires: the Foot Function Index (FFI) and the Foot Health Status Questionnaire (FHSQ). To assist in this process, a quasi-experimental trial was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of foot orthoses in improving HRQoL in people suffering from plantar fasciitis. The results from this study found that the FFI is generally less responsive to change, particularly in the domain of Activity Limitation. Nevertheless, significant improvements were found for two out of the three domains (Pain and Disability, but not Activity Limitation) for the FFI, as well as the overall score of FFI. In contrast, all four domains (Pain, Function, Footwear and General Foot Health) of the FHSQ showed significant improvement. Our experience with the questionnaires also revealed that certain questions in the Activity Limitation domain of the FFI can lead to inconsistent scoring, thus casting doubts over the suitability of this domain for use with patients with plantar fasciitis. Therefore, the FHSQ has several advantages when evaluating HRQoL in patients being treated with foot orthoses for plantar fasciitis, and should be viewed as the preferred questionnaire.
Gadolinium-binding helix–turn–helix peptides: DNA-dependent MRI contrast agents (2003)

A de novo designed gadolinium metallopeptide was found to be a very efficient relaxation agent, with 100% increase in relaxivity upon binding to DNA.
Stereochemical course of thiophosphoryl group transfer catalyzed by adenylate kinase (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStereochemical course of thiophosphoryl group transfer catalyzed by adenylate kinaseJohn P. Richard and Perry A. FreyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1978, 100, 24, 7757–7758Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00492a069https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00492a069research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views102Altmetric-Citations46LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Research on the Cultivation of International Talents in Applied Universities under the Concept of OBE (2020)

This paper analyzes the current problems in the cultivation of international talents in applied universities. It mainly includes: unclear teaching objectives, simple teaching ways, lack of evaluation systems. In order to solve these problems, this paper proposes to do some optimization under the guidance of OBE concept. Taking the market demand as the core to determine talent training objectives. Taking the career goals as the core to determine job qualifications. Construct curriculum system around job qualifications. Carry out classified and graded teaching. Building better teaching guarantee systems.
Low-noise metal medium for high-density longitudinal recording (1988)

A low-noise medium that shows potential for future high-density longitudinal magnetic recording applications has been prepared and studied. The disk consists of a CoCr-based ternary alloy and a few percent of a third transition metal sputter deposited on a Cr underlayer. The media noise power is low and nearly frequency independent up to 80 kfci, in sharp contrast to the noise power spectra typical of metal films. Because of the exceptionally low media noise, we have obtained signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) greater than 35 dB up to 30 kfci on media having a 70% amplitude density (D70) of 20 kfci. Other characteristics of the media include overwrite better than −35 dB, saturation magnetization of 500 emu/cm3, and coercivity of 1300 Oe. The grain diameter, coercivity, and D70 depend strongly upon the Cr underlayer thickness. The data suggest that the low-noise results from reduced intergranular exchange coupling.
A 3-dimensional Vernier ring time-to-digital converter in 0.13&amp;#x00B5;m CMOS (2010)

A 3-dimensional Vernier ring time-to-digital converter (TDC) is presented for the first time that greatly improves the measurement time and power consumption and achieves large detectable range and fine resolution simultaneously. The TDC prototype chip achieves 16.5-ps resolution and an 8-bit detectable range with 0.16 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> die area in a 0.13μm CMOS technology. The power consumption for the entire TDC is only 4.5mW with 1.5V power supply at 15MSps sample rate.
Stability of tubulin polymers formed with dideoxyguanosine nucleotides in the presence and absence of microtubule-associated proteins. (1984)

We have examined the effects of dilution, Ca2+, reduced temperature, and triphosphate depletion on microtubules formed from purified tubulin, heat-treated microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs), and either GTP, 2',3'-dideoxyguanosine 5'-diphosphate (ddGDP), or 2',3'-dideoxyguanosine 5'-triphosphate (ddGTP). The stability of the polymer formed with tubulin plus ddGTP without MAPs was also examined. In all cases dilution resulted in rapid depolymerization of polymer until a new turbidity plateau was established. These experiments yielded estimates of the critical concentration of tubulin of 0.09 mg/ml with GTP plus MAPs, 0.04 mg/ml with either ddGDP or ddGTP plus MAPs, and 0.07 mg/ml with ddGTP minus MAPs. Addition of CaCl2 to polymer resulted in depolymerization of microtubules formed with either GTP or ddGDP plus MAPs; but both with and without MAPs the polymer formed with ddGTP was stable to Ca2+. The polymer formed with ddGTP minus MAPs was the most cold-labile, major depolymerization occurring at 25 degrees C. With MAPs, microtubules were progressively less cold-labile when formed with GTP, ddGDP, or ddGTP. Depolymerization with GTP was virtually complete at 15 degrees C, with ddGDP at 5 degrees C, and with ddGTP at 0 degrees C. Rapid triphosphate depletion was achieved with phosphofructokinase. GTP-formed tubules were rapidly and completely depolymerized at all GTP concentrations after the enzyme was added to the reaction mixture. Both with and without MAPs polymer formed with ddGTP was progressively more stable upon enzyme addition the higher the initial ddGTP concentration. At specific ddGTP concentrations, however, less depolymerization was observed following enzyme addition if MAPs were present. Microtubules formed with ddGDP plus MAPs were unaffected by phosphofructokinase addition. This comparison of the properties of microtubules formed with MAPs and either ddGDP or ddGTP demonstrates that their stability is enhanced rather than reduced following nucleotide hydrolysis. The greater stability of microtubules formed with ddGTP plus MAPs than of the polymer formed with ddGTP minus MAPs similarly implies substantial enhancement of microtubule stability by the MAPs.
First Report on the Transmission of ‘<i>Candidatus</i> Liberibacter americanus’ from Citrus to <i>Nicotiana tabacum</i> cv. Xanthi (2007)

Huanglongbing (HLB), also known as greening, is one of the most important diseases of citrus worldwide. The causal agent is a gram-negative bacterium known to inhabit the phloem of infected plants. Three different candidate species infect citrus: 'Candidatus Liberibacter africanus' found in the African continent; 'Ca. L. asiaticus' found in Asia, Brazil, and the United States; and 'Ca. L. americanus' found in Brazil. (1). Tobacco is an easily transformable plant species that can be used as an experimental host system to quickly screen for candidate genes useful to control plant pathogens. However, no evidence exists on the ability of this plant species to sustain populations of 'Ca. L. americanus'. With the purpose of transmitting 'Ca. L. americanus' from citrus to tobacco, fragments of healthy stems of Cuscuta spp. (dodder) were used to connect an HLB-infected sweet orange plant to each of 10 healthy plants of Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Xanthi and allowed to remain connected for 30, 45, and 50 days. Three different HLB-infected orange plants and 30 tobacco plants were used in three independent experiments. Most HLB-exposed Xanthi plants exhibited chlorotic leaves after 50 days of exposure probably because of the parasitic effect of dodder; however, an average of 6, 1, and 3 Xanthi plants exhibited a unique blotchy mottle symptom after 30, 45, and 50 days of exposure, respectively. Symptomatic and asymptomatic leaves were collected and analyzed by PCR. The results consistently confirmed the presence of 'Ca. L. americanus' only in symptomatic leaves. Sequencing of the PCR product and comparison to the NCBI database also confirmed the identity of the pathogen as 'Ca. L. americanus'. Electron microscopy analysis of four symptomatic leaves indicated the presence of bacterium-like bodies with round to elongated bacilliform shapes and surrounded by two membranes. These bodies resembled those already described in HLB-infected citrus in Brazil (1). The evidence presented above confirms the successful transmission of 'Ca. L. americanus' from citrus to Xanthi using the parasitic plant Cuscuta spp. Reference: (1) F. A. O. Tanaka et al. Fitopatol. Bras. 31:99, 2006.