gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The binding epitopes of human CD16 (Fc γ RIII) monoclonal antibodies. Implications for ligand binding (1996)

Numerous mAbs have been generated against Fc gamma RIII (CD16), the low-affinity receptor for the Fc part of IgG. Most of the mAbs recognize both the receptor isoforms, transmembranous Fc gamma RIIIA, and glycosylphosphatidylinositol-linked Fc gamma RIIIB. Binding epitopes of some of the mAbs that differentiate between the two neutrophil Ag (NA) alleles of Fc gamma RIIIB (CLB-Gran11 against NA1; GRM1, BL-LGL/1 against NA2 allele) have been mapped on the first, membrane-distal domain of CD16. We demonstrate that mAbs 3G8, B88-9, CLB-Gran1, MEM-154, and LNK16 almost completely block the receptor's interaction with IgG. Using chimeric Fc gamma RIIIB/Fc epsilon RI receptors and molecular modeling, we localized the epitopes of 3G8 and B88-9 on the putative FG loop of the membrane-proximal Ig-like domain, which we have previously identified as the major binding site for IgG. The epitopes of CLB-Gran1 and MEM-154 are shown to reside in proximity to the FG loop (probably BC or C'E loop). The blocking mAb LNK16 was detected to be directed against the putative C' beta-sheet of the membrane-proximal domain, suggesting that additional residues may be involved in IgG binding of Fc gamma RIII.
Generation scheduling and control (1987)

Within an Energy Management System, the Generation Scheduling and Control function controls the electrical power output of generators so as to supply the continuously changing customer power demand in an economical manner. This function is largely provided by an Automatic Generation Control (AGC) program operating within the control center computer. Power system dispatchers also play an important role, interacting with the program to incorporate current operating conditions. This paper summarizes the system characteristics associated with AGC, as well as current practices of program design and operation. Topics of current interest are also discussed. Current technology in this area is fairly mature, and existing performance is good over-all. Current issues such as fuel scheduling, dispersed generation technologies, and advanced load management schemes may change the nature of the AGC problem in the future.
Development of a Topical Polymeric Mucoadhesive Ocular Delivery System for Azithromycin (2009)

Azithromycin can be developed as an eyedrop in an aqueous ocular delivery system for the treatment of ocular surface infections. The ocular delivery system, DuraSite solubilizes azithromycin at a high concentration in an aqueous solution and protects it from degradation during manufacture and storage. The development of azithromycin in this delivery system enhances the antibiotic's usefulness in ophthalmology for the topical treatment of ocular surface bacterial infections and lid margin diseases.
Quantum Cryptography on Noisy Channels: Quantum versus Classical Key-Agreement Protocols (1999)

When the 4-state or the 6-state protocol of quantum cryptography is carried out on a noisy quantum channel, then the raw key has to be processed to reduce the information of a spy down to an arbitrarily low value, providing Alice and Bob with a secret key. In principle, quantum algorithms as well as classical algorithms can be used for this processing. A natural question is: Up to which error rate on the raw key is a secret-key agreement at all possible? Under the assumption of incoherent eavesdropping, we find that the quantum and classical limits are precisely the same: As long as Alice and Bob share some entanglement, both quantum and classical protocols provide secret keys.
Transfer of IgG from Serum to Lachrymal Fluid in Chickens (1993)

Pure 125I-radiolabeled chicken IgG was inoculated intravenously into 2-week old chickens. Radioactivity in lachrymal fluid samples was first detected 10 minutes postinoculation (PI). Radioactivity levels declined up to day 20 PI, when they reached marginal levels. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) followed by autoradiography of lachrymal fluid samples, taken daily for 16 days, showed the presence of radioactive polypeptides in the same positions as their stained control counterparts at molecular weights corresponding to heavy and light chains of immunoglobulins. Radiolabeled IgG also was detected in serum samples of the inoculated chickens. SDS-PAGE followed by autoradiography of lachrymal samples taken until day 16 PI showed similar results. These results demonstrate that transfer of IgG from serum to lachrymal fluid does occur in chickens.
Antiphlogistische 2.3‐Dihydro‐1<i>H</i>‐pyrrolizine, 10. Mitt. 6.7‐Diarylsubstituierte 1‐ und 3‐Pyrrolizinone (1‐DAPON und 3‐DAPON) (1986)

Abstract Bei der SeO 2 ‐Oxidation von 6.7‐Diphenyl‐2.3‐dihydro‐1 H ‐pyrrolizin entstehen das 1‐Pyrrolizinon 2 und das zugehörige Selenid 3 . Die Struktur der 1‐Oxoverbindung 2 wird anhand von Folgereaktionen, spektralen Daten und durch Gegenüberstellung mit dem 3‐Pyrrolizinon 10 , das auf unabhängigem Wege synthetisiert wurde, gesichert.
Activity of IPI-504, a Novel Heat-Shock Protein 90 Inhibitor, in Patients With Molecularly Defined Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer (2010)

IPI-504 has clinical activity in patients with NSCLC, particularly among patients with ALK rearrangements.
Decreased activities of ubiquinol:ferricytochrome c oxidoreductase (complex III) and ferrocytochrome c:oxygen oxidoreductase (complex IV) in liver mitochondria from rats with hydroxycobalamin[c-lactam]-induced methylmalonic aciduria. (1991)

Rats treated with hydroxycobalamin[c-lactam] (HCCL), a cobalamin analogue that induces methylmalonic aciduria, have increased hepatic mitochondrial content and increased oxidative metabolism of pyruvate and palmitate per hepatocyte. The present studies were undertaken to characterize oxidative metabolism in isolated liver mitochondria from rats treated with HCCL. After 5-6 weeks, state 3 oxidation rates for diverse substrates are reduced in mitochondria from HCCL-treated rats. Similar reductions of mitochondrial oxidation rates are obtained with dinitrophenol-uncoupled mitochondria excluding defective phosphorylation as a cause for the observed decrease in mitochondrial oxidation. The activities of mitochondrial oxidases are reduced in HCCL-treated rats and demonstrate a defect in complex IV. Investigation of the complexes of the respiratory chain reveals a 32% decrease of ubiquinol:ferricytochrome c oxidoreductase (complex III) activity and a 72% decrease of ferrocytochrome c:oxygen oxidoreductase (complex IV) activity in mitochondria from 5-6-week HCCL-treated rats as compared with controls. Liver mitochondria from HCCL-treated rats also demonstrate decreased cytochrome content per mg of mitochondrial protein (25% decrease of cytochrome b and 52% decrease of cytochrome a + a3 as compared with control rats). The HCCL-treated rat represents an animal model for the study of the consequences of respiratory chain defects in liver mitochondria.
Novel polarization interference filters for wide spectral tuning of an optical null (2004)

Novel tunable polarization interference filters (PIF) employing active liquid crystal devices are presented, and the principles of operation are described. Filter designs are presented based on a requirement for tunable nulls in the visible and near infrared spectral regions, of high optical density, for protection from intense electromagnetic radiation outside of the spectral range of interest which can saturate an imaging or sensor system. Two types of PIFs are presented with their modeled results and device performances. Analog filters in a generalized Lyot-Ohmann geometry are presented which are capable of tuning an optical null through 260 nm, by employing a single active device per filter stage. Binary filters are also presented which can switch between two complimentary and non-overlapping spectral states. Both types of filter can operate in a “normally on” state with a broadband “white light” throughput.
Histone deacetylase activity is essential for the expression of <i>HoxA9</i> and for endothelial commitment of progenitor cells (2005)

The regulation of acetylation is central for the epigenetic control of lineage-specific gene expression and determines cell fate decisions. We provide evidence that the inhibition of histone deacetylases (HDACs) blocks the endothelial differentiation of adult progenitor cells. To define the mechanisms by which HDAC inhibition prevents endothelial differentiation, we determined the expression of homeobox transcription factors and demonstrated that HoxA9 expression is down-regulated by HDAC inhibitors. The causal involvement of HoxA9 in the endothelial differentiation of adult progenitor cells is supported by the finding that HoxA9 overexpression partially rescued the endothelial differentiation blockade induced by HDAC inhibitors. Knockdown and overexpression studies revealed that HoxA9 acts as a master switch to regulate the expression of prototypical endothelial-committed genes such as endothelial nitric oxide synthase, VEGF-R2, and VE-cadherin, and mediates the shear stress-induced maturation of endothelial cells. Consistently, HoxA9-deficient mice exhibited lower numbers of endothelial progenitor cells and showed an impaired postnatal neovascularization capacity after the induction of ischemia. Thus, HoxA9 is regulated by HDACs and is critical for postnatal neovascularization.
Credit Card Borrowing, Delinquency, and Personal Bankruptcy (2001)

Credit card delinquencies and personal bankruptcy rates increased during the mid 1990s, despite the strength of the U.S. economy. Even though per capita income rose during that period, household borrowing grew at an even faster pace. The rise in revolving debt-mainly credit card loans-was especially noticeable, and the increase in personal bankruptcy rates was also substantial. This article examines the relationship between consumer credit card borrowing, delinquency rates, and personal bankruptcies. The author looks at developments involving borrowers, the demand side, and lenders, the supply side. ; Credit card loans have been extended to higher-risk consumers over time. Using data collected in the 1998 Survey of Consumer Finances, the author examines the effect of credit card borrowing on consumer payments delinquency and the relationship between credit card debt and the increase in bankruptcy rates. She also tests whether credit card lenders face an adverse selection problem, whereby banks making worse credit card offers attract more risky customers and have higher delinquency and charge-off rates than others. She finds that banks that charge higher interest rates and some fees have higher delinquency rates, but not higher charge-off rates. Moreover, banks that charge higher interest rates were found to have higher net revenues from credit card lending than other issuers.
Engineering thick tissues - the vascularisation problem (2007)

The ability to create thick tissues is a major tissue engineering challenge, requiring the development of a suitable vascular supply. Current trends are seeing the utilization of cells seeded into hybrid matrix/scaffold systems to create in vitro vascular analogues. Approaches that aim to create vasculature in vitro include the use of biological extracellular matrices such as collagen hydrogels, porous biodegradable polymeric scaffolds with macro- and micro-lumens and micro-channels, co-culture of cells, incorporation of growth factors, culture in dynamic bioreactor environments, and combinations of these. Of particular interest are those approaches that aim to create bioengineered tissues in vitro that can be readily connected to the host's vasculature following implantation in order to maintain cell viability.
A New Amperometric Glucose Biosensor Based on Pectin Coating (2006)

ABSTRACT In this article we describe the preparation and characterization of a new glucose oxidase (GOD) biosensor. The GOD biosensor was immobilized onto pectin by using chromium III sulfate and electrode was coated with GOD containing pectin. Immobilization conditions were modified according to the results obtained by coated electrode. Optimum conditions were obtained when 10 U GOD and 1% pectin was reacted with 0.01 M chromium III sulfate. Developed biosensor is very accurate, fast responding, and stable. We could easily detect 1 mM glucose with a response time below 1 minute and could use our sensor up to 14 times (within 27 days) with 90% accuracy.
Elevated Renal Oxygen Extraction During Open Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair Is Related to Postoperative Renal Dysfunction (2018)

Kidney function was affected after open abdominal aortic aneurysm repair likely related to limited renal blood flow. We take the increase in renal oxygen extraction and reduction in frontal lobe oxygenation to suggest that mean arterial pressure and hemoglobin were too low to maintain renal and cerebral circulation in vascular surgical patients.
Evidence of Predictive and Incremental Validity of Personality Factors, Vocal Attractiveness and the Situational Interview (2007)

This study evaluates the impact of the situational interview, personality measures, vocal attractiveness, and interactions between personality and vocal attractiveness on job performance. In a concurrent validity study with 154 customer service employees, a structured, situational interview was conducted and three of the Big Five personality factors (agreeableness, conscientiousness, and extraversion) are measured with two different frames‐of‐reference: at‐work and typical. Among the results are the validity of the situational interview and at‐work personality measures is established; vocal attractiveness correlates with both interview ratings and job performance; and finally, agreeableness and conscientiousness are found to vary in a pattern related to levels of vocal attractiveness such that both personality factors predict performance more strongly for people with more attractive voices.
Thermal Drawing of High-Density Macroscopic Arrays of Well-Ordered Sub-5-nm-Diameter Nanowires (2011)

We investigate the lower limit of nanowire diameters stably produced by the process of thermal fiber drawing and fiber tapering. A centimeter-scale macroscopic cylindrical preform containing the nanowire material in the core encased in a polymer scaffold cladding is thermally drawn in the viscous state to a fiber. By cascading several iterations of the process, continuous reduction of the diameter of an amorphous semiconducting chalcogenide glass is demonstrated. Starting from a 10-mm-diameter rod we thermally draw hundreds of meters of continuous sub-5-nm-diameter nanowires. Using this approach, we produce macroscopic lengths of high-density, well-ordered, globally oriented nanowire arrays.
Engineered SIRPα Variants as Immunotherapeutic Adjuvants to Anticancer Antibodies (2013)

CD47 is an antiphagocytic signal that cancer cells employ to inhibit macrophage-mediated destruction. Here, we modified the binding domain of human SIRPα, the receptor for CD47, for use as a CD47 antagonist. We engineered high-affinity SIRPα variants with about a 50,000-fold increased affinity for human CD47 relative to wild-type SIRPα. As high-affinity SIRPα monomers, they potently antagonized CD47 on cancer cells but did not induce macrophage phagocytosis on their own. Instead, they exhibited remarkable synergy with all tumor-specific monoclonal antibodies tested by increasing phagocytosis in vitro and enhancing antitumor responses in vivo. This "one-two punch" directs immune responses against tumor cells while lowering the threshold for macrophage activation, thereby providing a universal method for augmenting the efficacy of therapeutic anticancer antibodies.
Proteinase Inhibitor I Accumulation in Tomato Suspension Cultures (1986)

Suspension-cultured cells of tomato accumulate proteinase Inhibitor I as the sucrose is depleted from 1% to less than 0.1% in the culture medium. Inhibitor I can be prematurely induced to accumulate in the cells by the addition to the medium of the proteinase inhibitor inducing factor, trigalacturonic acid, ethylene glycol chitin, or chitosan. In cultures grown in 0.6% initial sucrose with no inducers added, a uronic acid-rich extracellular polysaccharide appears in the medium during growth of the cells. This extracellular polysaccharide apparently contains an ;endogenous inducer' of Inhibitor I synthesis. When the partially purified polysaccharide is added to the culture medium, Inhibitor I accumulation is induced. Proteinase inhibitors also accumulate in tobacco and alfalfa suspension-cultured cells as the cell cultures age. As with the tomato cultures, a uronic acid-rich component(s) appears in the media prior to inhibitor accumulation. These data suggest that an endogenous inducer may be activating proteinase inhibitor genes through a similar mechanism in all three types of cells.
Regulation of Plasmin Activity by Annexin II Tetramer (2000)

Annexin II tetramer (AIIt) is a major Ca(2+)-binding protein of the endothelial cell surface which has been shown to stimulate the tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA)-dependent conversion of plasminogen to plasmin. In the present report, we have examined the regulation of plasmin activity by AIIt. The incubation of plasmin with AIIt resulted in a 95% loss in plasmin activity. SDS-PAGE analysis established that AIIt stimulated the autoproteolytic digestion of plasmin heavy and light chains. The kinetics of AIIt-stimulated plasmin autoproteolysis were first-order, suggesting that binding of plasmin to AIIt resulted in the spontaneous autoproteolysis of the bound plasmin. AIIt did not affect the activity of other serine proteases such as t-PA or urokinase-type plasminogen activator. Furthermore, other annexins such as annexin I, II, V, or VI did not stimulate plasmin autoproteolysis. Increasing the concentration of AIIt on the surface of human 293 epithelial cells increased cell-mediated plasmin autoproteolysis. Thus, in addition to stimulating the formation of plasmin, AIIt also promotes plasmin inactivation. These results therefore suggest that AIIt may function to provide the cell surface with a transient pulse of plasmin activity.
Development of environmentally safe flame-retarding epoxy resin compounds without halogen and phosphorous derivatives and their application to printed wiring boards : Packaging technology (2003)

We have developed self-extinguishing epoxy-resin compounds that contain no environmentally hazardous flame retardants such as halogen or phosphorous derivatives, and used them to develop glass epoxy laminates for printed wiring boards (PWBs). The new epoxy-resin compounds, which mainly consist of phenol-aralkyl-type epoxy resins and hardeners, formed stable foam layers that retarded heat transfer, and thus were self-extinguishing. A laminate consisting of one of the new epoxy-resin compounds with safe metal hydroxides, which absorb heat during combustion, showed high flame retardancy. We achieved excellent flame retardancy (UL94V-0) of the new laminate by adding far less aluminum hydroxide (less than 50% by weight) than in laminates containing conventional epoxy-resin compounds. Especially beneficial is the fact that the new laminate with the hydroxide exhibits good practicality and can withstand the higher temperature required for lead-free soldering. Furthermore, the laminate can be safely disposed of by incineration or reclamation, and it can also be thermally recycled.
Iridium-Catalyzed Allylic Fluorination of Trichloroacetimidates (2011)

A rapid allylic fluorination method utilizing trichloroacetimidates in conjunction with an iridium catalyst has been developed. The reaction is conducted at room temperature under ambient air and relies on Et(3)N·3HF reagent to provide branched allylic fluorides with complete regioselectivity. This high-yielding reaction can be conducted on a multigram scale and shows considerable functional group tolerance. The use of [(18)F]KF·Kryptofix allowed (18)F(-) incorporation in 10 min.
Anti-HER2 Radioimmunotherapy (2000)

HER2/neu is a receptor protein whose overexpression strongly correlates with poor prognosis in breast carcinomas. It is used increasingly as a therapeutic target for breast carcinomas in clinical human trials. In particular, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that target HER2/neu have been investigated for therapeutic applications. Anti-Her2 mAbs linked to radionuclides have been used in pre-clinical models and in patients for radioimmunolocalization of tumors using external scintigraphy and intraoperative handheld gamma detecting probes. Initial efforts of systemic radioimmunotherapy employed radio-iodinated mAbs. In a murine human breast cancer xenograft model, the radiolabeled mAb was 20-fold more effective than the unarmed mAb but did not yield permanent eradication of the tumor. Due to the limitations of radio-iodine ((131)I), metallic radionuclides (e.g, the beta(-)-emmiter (90)Y or the alpha-emitters (213)Bi, (212)Bi, (212)Pb) linked to mAb's are being evaluated in murine models. Complete elimination of beast cancer xenografts was possible in an adjuvant setting using (212)Pb linked to an anti-HER2/neu mAb. Finally, major efforts are underway to increase the access of the radiolabel to the tumor cell in large solid tumors. One such approach involved a pre-targeting strategy with an initial administration of streptavidin linked to mAb that, after a clearing step, was followed by biotin armed with the radionuclide. Although major challenges must be addressed, HER2/neu represents a very attractive target for systemic radioimmunotherapy of breast cancer.
Clinical and Taxonomic Status of Pathogenic Nonpigmented or Late-Pigmenting Rapidly Growing Mycobacteria (2002)

The history, taxonomy, geographic distribution, clinical disease, and therapy of the pathogenic nonpigmented or late-pigmenting rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM) are reviewed. Community-acquired disease and health care-associated disease are highlighted for each species. The latter grouping includes health care-associated outbreaks and pseudo-outbreaks as well as sporadic disease cases. Treatment recommendations for each species and type of disease are also described. Special emphasis is on the Mycobacterium fortuitum group, including M. fortuitum, M. peregrinum, and the unnamed third biovariant complex with its recent taxonomic changes and newly recognized species (including M. septicum, M. mageritense, and proposed species M. houstonense and M. bonickei). The clinical and taxonomic status of M. chelonae, M. abscessus, and M. mucogenicum is also detailed, along with that of the closely related new species, M. immunogenum. Additionally, newly recognized species, M. wolinskyi and M. goodii, as well as M. smegmatis sensu stricto, are included in a discussion of the M. smegmatis group. Laboratory diagnosis of RGM using phenotypic methods such as biochemical testing and high-performance liquid chromatography and molecular methods of diagnosis are also discussed. The latter includes PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis, hybridization, ribotyping, and sequence analysis. Susceptibility testing and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of the RGM are also annotated, along with the current recommendations from the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) for mycobacterial susceptibility testing.