gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electrogenerated chemiluminescence. II. The rotating ring-disk electrode and the pyrene-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine system (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleElectrogenerated chemiluminescence. II. The rotating ring-disk electrode and the pyrene-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine systemJ. T. Maloy, Keith B. Prater, and Allen J. BardCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1968, 72, 12, 4348–4350Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100858a084https://doi.org/10.1021/j100858a084research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views148Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
BER of multi-carrier CDMA in an indoor Rician fading channel (2002)

The paper analyzes a novel digital modulation technique called multi-carrier code division multiple access (MC-CDMA) in which data symbols are transmitted at multiple subcarriers where each subcarrier is modulated by a 1 or -1 based on a spreading code. Analytical results are presented on the performance of this modulation scheme in the downlink of an indoor wireless Rician fading channel. In addition, the performance of a controlled equalization technique that attempts to restore the orthogonality between users is evaluated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
NMR Characterization and Rietveld Refinement of the Structure of Rehydrated AlPO<sub>4</sub>-34 (2000)

The triclinic form of AlPO4-34, a microporous aluminophosphate with the chabazite (CHA) topology, adopts a rhombohedral symmetry upon calcination. The framework structure of this phase remains intact under ambient conditions, but it distorts dramatically, though reversibly, in the presence of water. Following these structural changes in situ by X-ray diffraction revealed that there are actually two stable rehydrated phases, which differ from each other by one water molecule in the channel. Both of these phases have triclinic unit cells that are closely related to that of the calcined rhombohedral phase. The structure of the low-temperature (10 °C), fully rehydrated phase (phase B) was elucidated by combining high-resolution synchrotron powder diffraction with solid-state NMR techniques. Coordination of three of the six Al atoms to water molecules causes the deformation of the framework and the reduction of the symmetry. Rietveld refinement of the structure of phase B in the triclinic space group P1 (a = 9.026, b = 9.338, c = 9.508 Å, α = 95.1°, β = 104.1°, and γ = 96.6°) converged with RF = 0.079 and RWP = 0.176 (Rexp = 0.087). Framework connectivities derived from the structure were used to assign 31P NMR lines as well as part of the 27Al NMR signal.
Cell-based traffic estimation from multiple GPS-equipped cars (2009)

We propose a cell-based algorithm used to estimate road traffic condition from multiple Global Positioning System (GPS)-equipped taxis. The GPS data is received intermittently at a central server from approximately 4,000 taxis running within Bangkok metropolitan area. The algorithm divides the Bangkok area into 6,400 square cells. Traffic condition considered here is travel time between two cells. The A* algorithm is used to predict the travel path between any pair of origin-destination. The incremental weighted update algorithm is used to update and estimate travel time between cells. The algorithm can estimate traffic condition of all areas anytime, even if there is no GPS data sent from that area. The result shows that the cell-based algorithm can achieve a good traffic estimation covers all areas and times, compared to the traditional average space-speed method, which can only give traffic condition when there are at least two data points in that area.
Enhancement of MHC Class II-Restricted Responses by Receptor-Mediated Uptake of Peptide Antigens (2002)

Peptides, either as altered peptide ligands, competitors, or vaccines, offer an outstanding potential for regulating immune responses because of their exquisite specificity. However, a major problem associated with peptide therapies is that they are poorly taken up by APCs. Because of poor bioavailability, high concentrations and repeated treatments are required for peptide therapies in vivo. To circumvent this problem, we tested whether covalently coupling a peptide T cell determinant, OVA(323-339), to transferrin (Tf) enhances APC uptake and presentation as monitored by Th cell activation. Functional analysis of the Tf-peptide conjugates revealed that the conjugates were presented 10,000- and 100-fold more effectively by B cells than intact Ag and free peptide, respectively. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the Tf-peptide conjugates are taken up by B cells through a receptor-mediated process and subsequently delivered to the lysosomal compartment. Using an adoptive transfer assay, we show that that the Tf-peptide complexes are 100-fold more effective in vivo than the free peptide in activating CD4(+) T cells by following an early activation marker, CD69. Our results demonstrate that coupling peptides to Tf enhances peptide presentation, thereby making it possible to take full advantage of peptide-specific therapies in modulating T cell responses.
Sex differences in pain perception and anxiety. A psychophysical study with topical capsaicin (2004)

Much evidence indicates that women experience painful stimuli as more intense than men do. Nevertheless, some data suggest that sustained low-level pain may be more disturbing to men than to women. The current experiment evaluated the hypothesis that pain is more disturbing for men than for women by comparing across genders sensory and emotional aspects of pain evoked by capsaicin. Ten men and 10 women (aged 20-46 years) received topical capsaicin for 30 min on the face in one session and on the ankle in another. The subjects rated on visual analog scales pain intensity, unpleasantness and anxiety each minute during capsaicin application and for 30 min after its removal. During capsaicin application, females rated both pain intensity (P = 0.04) and unpleasantness (P = 0.05) higher than did males. Further, subjects rated pain intensity and unpleasantness higher on the face than on the ankle, although the physical stimulus was the same. Despite their lower pain ratings, men reported more pain-related anxiety than women (P = 0.02) Moreover, men showed a significant positive correlation between anxiety and pain intensity and unpleasantness, whereas women did not. After removing the capsaicin, there was no overall effect of sex on either intensity (P = 0.18) or unpleasantness (P = 0.37) of the residual sensation. However, men still showed a positive correlation between anxiety and the intensity and unpleasantness of the sensation. Our data confirm with the topical capsaicin model that women rate pain higher than men, but despite their lower pain ratings, males have more anxiety related to pain.
Demonstration of seamless multimedia session transfer to support pervasive mobile computing (2010)

In today's media environment, multimedia content is accessed by mobile users in a silo fashion, with content locked to individual point devices and networks. Content, available on one device or one network, may not be accessed from other devices, or over other networks. Users cannot easily share multimedia sessions across devices, such as smartphones and laptops. Media content does not adapt with user mobility. Specifically, users cannot take advantage of the multitude of media devices that they encounter as they move, in order to achieve a "best" possible multimedia experience. In the future, media will transition seamlessly between devices, networks, and access technologies with the user, as the user moves. Session continuity technologies, driven by global standards bodies, will make seamless media mobility possible. Media content will be optimized based on the real-time conditions of the user, including: available networks and bandwidth, available device configurations and rendering capabilities, battery consumption, memory and processing power, location, cost, etc. Our demonstration allows a user to transfer a streaming video session across a collection of laptop and smartphone devices. Specifically, the demonstration includes: a MAC Pro laptop, a MacBook Air laptop, Android Gl / G2 smartphones, and a Blackberry Bold 9000 smartphone. Each terminal device runs a small media application, which presents the user with a set of video clips for viewing. When the user selects a clip, the application server commands the media server to stream the requested video. Each video may be viewed to completion; or, the user may transfer the video session to any of the other terminal devices in the demonstration. With a click or touch of the screen, the media application presents the user with a list of available devices to engage in media transfer sessions. With another click or touch, the user may trigger a media session transfer: • The application server dynamically configures the media server and triggers the target device to get engaged in the streaming session. • The target device initializes its media player, which begins to buffer the video stream. During buffering time, which lasts a few seconds, an advertisement image is displayed (pre-roll canvas). • The originating device continues to play the video, until the video session begins playing on the target device. • The target device notifies the originating device as soon as its initialization is complete and it starts playing the video. Upon receiving the notification, the originating device tears down the video session and returns to the media application home screen.
The polyoxaesters (2007)

Abstract This paper provides a review of a new class of synthetic absorbable polyesters, the ‘polyoxaesters’. We describe what they are and provide routes of preparation to the homopolymers, as well as their copolymers with lactones. Structure–property relationships are outlined and applications with commercial potential are discussed. Finally, two potential surgical applications, suture coatings and adhesion prevention barriers, are presented in more detail. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
Application of spectral decomposition to gas basins in Mexico (2003)

Recent reservoir studies involving spectral decomposition on various data sets from the Burgos and Macuspana basins of Mexico document the usefulness of this method as another way to uncover the effects of hydrocarbon accumulations on seismic data. Three such effects are illustrated in this article; attenuation of seismic waves passing through the reservoir, preferential reservoir illumination, and differential reservoir reflectivity.
Design and Rolling Locomotion of a Magnetically Actuated Soft Capsule Endoscope (2011)

This paper proposes a magnetically actuated soft capsule endoscope (MASCE) as a tetherless miniature mobile robot platform for diagnostic and therapeutic medical applications inside the stomach. Two embedded internal permanent magnets and a large external magnet are used to actuate the robot remotely. The proposed MASCE has three novel features. First, its outside body is made of soft elastomer-based compliant structures. Such compliant structures can deform passively during the robot-tissue contact interactions, which makes the device safer and less invasive. Next, it can be actively deformed in the axial direction by using external magnetic actuation, which provides an extra degree of freedom that enables various advanced functions such as axial position control, drug releasing, drug injection, or biopsy. Finally, it navigates in three dimensions by rolling on the stomach surface as a new surface locomotion method inside the stomach. Here, the external attractive magnetic force is used to anchor the robot on a desired location, and the external magnetic torque is used to roll it to another location, which provides a stable, continuous, and controllable motion. The paper presents design and fabrication methods for the compliant structures of the robot with its axial deformation and position control capability. Rolling-based surface locomotion of the robot using external magnetic torques is modeled, and its feasibility is tested and verified on a synthetic stomach surface by using a magnetically actuated capsule endoscope prototype.
Diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The Framingham study (1979)

Based on 20 years of surveillance of the Framingham cohort relating subsequent cardiovascular events to prior evidence of diabetes, a twofold to threefold increased risk of clinical atherosclerotic disease was reported. The relative impact was greatest for intermittent claudication (IC) and congestive heart failure (CHF) and least for coronary heart disease (CHD), which was, nevertheless, on an absolute scale the chief sequela. The relative impact was substantially greater for women than for men. For each of the cardiovascular diseases (CVD), morbidity and mortality were higher for diabetic women than for nondiabetic men. After adjustment for other associated risk factors, the relative impact of diabetes on CHD, IC, or stroke incidence was the same for women as for men; for CVD death and CHF, it was greater for women. Cardiovascular mortality was actually about as great for diabetic women as for diabetic men.
Record efficiencies for dry processed cadmium free CIGS solar cells with indium sulfide buffer layers prepared by atomic layer deposition (ALD) (2003)

CIGS based solar cells are presently excellent candidates for a new generation of large scale and low-cost photovoltaic thin film modules. To allow exclusively vacuum processing, a dry alternative for the buffer layer deposition is desirable. For environmental reasons, it is also desirable to get Cd-free devices. Atomic layer chemical vapor deposition (ALCVD or ALD) is a technique ensuring conformal growth of thin films from the vapor phase in a scalable manner. This paper presents optimization studies on the formation of In/sub 2/S/sub 3/ buffer layers by ALD for high efficiency CIGS thin film solar cells. The main parameters investigated are the deposition temperature (between 150 and 260/spl deg/C) and the effect of the thickness of the buffer (15 nm and 30 nm), on growth rates, properties of the films and solar cells parameters. The highest efficiency of 16.4% has been obtained at 220/spl deg/C for a layer thickness of 30 nm. Diffusion of copper and sodium has been evidenced by XPS measurements which may have a positive role in the junction formation processes. The importance of interface chemistry for dry buffer is underlined.
Measuring angles on digitalized radiographic images using Microsoft PowerPoint. (2008)

Clinicians using this technique can reliably assume that repeated measurements of scoliosis curvatures will vary in the range of less than 3 degrees. The 95% CI range for intra-observer variability, an index of the technique's repeatability, was > or = 2.4 degrees. A high correlation of measurements can also be expected between different observers with the goniometer. This new technique allows practitioners to utilize an easily accessible computer programme to evaluate angular deformities on digitalized radiographic images accurately and hence reliably make clinical decisions based on these measurements.
In Search of a Novel Anti-HIV Drug:  Multidisciplinary Coordination in the Discovery of 4-[[4-[[4-[(1<i>E</i>)-2-Cyanoethenyl]-2,6-dimethylphenyl]amino]-2- pyrimidinyl]amino]benzonitrile (R278474, Rilpivirine) (2004)

Ideally, an anti-HIV drug should (1) be highly active against wild-type and mutant HIV without allowing breakthrough; (2) have high oral bioavailability and long elimination half-life, allowing once-daily oral treatment at low doses; (3) have minimal adverse effects; and (4) be easy to synthesize and formulate. R278474, a new diarylpyrimidine (DAPY) non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI), appears to meet these criteria and to be suitable for high compliance oral treatment of HIV-1 infection. The discovery of R278474 was the result of a coordinated multidisciplinary effort involving medicinal chemists, virologists, crystallographers, molecular modelers, toxicologists, analytical chemists, pharmacists, and many others.
In-vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of <i>Rhodococcus equi</i> (1992)

Rhodococcus equi is an intracellular facultative, Gram-positive cocco-bacillary organism of increasing importance as a pulmonary pathogen in HIV-positive patients. This study was carried out to evaluate the optimal antibiotic combinations for treating such infections. Four human R. equi isolates and one reference strain were tested for their susceptibilities to 36 antibiotics. In-vitro the most active antibiotics were amikacin, gentamicin, netilmicin, erythromycin, clarithromycin, roxithromycin, ciprofloxacin, sparfloxacin, rifampicin, vancomycin, teicoplanin, doxycycline, minocycline, imipenem, meropenem and trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole. The only bactericidal antibiotics were the aminoglycosides, ciprofloxacin, sparfloxacin and vancomycin. As determined by FIC indices, four combinations were synergistic: rifampicin-erythromycin, rifampicin-minocycline, erythromycin-minocycline and imipenem-amikacin. However, no antibiotic combinations were synergistic with the time-kill kinetic method at achievable serum concentrations or at ten-fold and half-fold the MICs. Frequencies of selection of antibiotic-resistant mutants determined at concentrations of five- and ten-fold the MICs ranged from less than 1 x 10(-8) for erythromycin and trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole to 5 x 10(-4) for amikacin. These results may be of help in selecting the antibiotics for treating infected HIV-positive patients.
A Model Driven Transformation Development Process for Model to Model Transformation (2016)

In the MDD approach a transformation chain is responsible for the automation or semi-automation of the MDD development process by encapsulating the strategies to convert models into other models until code generation. The design of transformation chains can be complex and demand software engineering facilities such as processes, languages and techniques in order to ensure reuse and portability. The MDD itself provides these facilities and can be used to improve transformations development. In this paper we present a framework to support the development of model transformation chains using MDD. This framework is comprised of a Development Process (MDTDproc), to guide on transformation development tasks; a Model Transformation Profile (MTP) as the transformation modeling language; a transformation chain, which helps the automation of the proposed transformation process; and an environment to support it. We particularly focus on the presentation of MDTDproc and its validation. Initial results have shown that the process is feasible and guides developers to achieve an executable model transformation code.
Concise Review: No Breakthroughs for Human Mesenchymal and Embryonic Stem Cell Culture: Conditioned Medium, Feeder Layer, or Feeder‐Free; Medium with Fetal Calf Serum, Human Serum, or Enriched Plasma; Serum‐Free, Serum Replacement Nonconditioned Medium, or Ad Hoc Formula? All That Glitters Is Not Gold! (2007)

The choice of an optimal strategy of stem cell culture is at the moment an impossible task, and the elaboration of a culture medium adapted to the production of embryonic and adult mesenchymal stem cells for the clinical application of cell therapy remains a crucial matter. To make an informed choice, it is crucial to not underestimate the theoretical health risk of using xenogenic compounds, to limit the immunological reactions once stem cells are transplanted, to not overestimate the controversial results obtained with human serum, plasma, and blood derivatives, as well as to carefully examine the pros and cons of serum-free and ad hoc formulation strategies; besides that, to also maintain multipotentiality, self-renewal, and transplantability. The extent to which we are able to achieve effective cell therapies will depend on assimilating a rapidly developing base of scientific knowledge with the practical considerations of design, delivery, and host response. Although clinical studies have already started, many questions remain unsolved, and concomitantly even more evidence on suitable and safe off-the-shelf products (mainly xeno-free) for embryonic and mesenchymal stem cells is cropping up, even though there should be no rush to enter the clinical stage while the underlying basic research is still not so solid; this solely will lead to high-quality translational research, without making blunders stemming from the assumption that all that glitters is not gold. Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
Proposed Mode of Binding and Action of Positive Allosteric Modulators at Opioid Receptors (2016)

Available crystal structures of opioid receptors provide a high-resolution picture of ligand binding at the primary ("orthosteric") site, that is, the site targeted by endogenous ligands. Recently, positive allosteric modulators of opioid receptors have also been discovered, but their modes of binding and action remain unknown. Here, we use a metadynamics-based strategy to efficiently sample the binding process of a recently discovered positive allosteric modulator of the δ-opioid receptor, BMS-986187, in the presence of the orthosteric agonist SNC-80, and with the receptor embedded in an explicit lipid-water environment. The dynamics of BMS-986187 were enhanced by biasing the potential acting on the ligand-receptor distance and ligand-receptor interaction contacts. Representative lowest-energy structures from the reconstructed free-energy landscape revealed two alternative ligand binding poses at an allosteric site delineated by transmembrane (TM) helices TM1, TM2, and TM7, with some participation of TM6. Mutations of amino acid residues at these proposed allosteric sites were found to either affect the binding of BMS-986187 or its ability to modulate the affinity and/or efficacy of SNC-80. Taken together, these combined experimental and computational studies provide the first atomic-level insight into the modulation of opioid receptor binding and signaling by allosteric modulators.
RNA-Guided Genome Editing of Mammalian Cells (2014)

The microbial CRISPR-Cas adaptive immune system can be harnessed to facilitate genome editing in eukaryotic cells (Cong L et al., Science 339, 819-823, 2013; Mali P et al., Science 339, 823-826, 2013). Here we describe a protocol for the use of the RNA-guided Cas9 nuclease from the Streptococcus pyogenes type II CRISPR system to achieve specific, scalable, and cost-efficient genome editing in mammalian cells.