gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In vitro glucocorticoid receptor binding and transcriptional activation by topically active glucocorticoids. (1998)

Mometasone furoate (MF, CAS 83919-23-7, Sch 32088), budesonide (BUD, CAS 51372-29-3), fluticasone propionate (FP, CAS 80474-14-2), and triamcinolone acetonide (TA, CAS-76-25-5) are corticosteroids that are either currently available or under development for allergic rhinitis and asthma. The relative affinity of these drugs for the glucocorticoid receptor and their ability to stimulate glucocorticoid receptor-mediated transactivation of gene expression were analyzed. All of the test compounds had a higher affinity for the recombinant glucocorticoid receptor than the reference glucocorticoid receptor ligand, dexamethasone (DEX, CAS 50-02-2). In addition, all compounds showed greater potency than dexamethasone in stimulating transcription of a synthetic target gene regulated by a glucocorticoid response element. Of the compounds tested, mometasone furoate had the highest relative binding affinity for the glucocorticoid receptor, followed by fluticasone propionate, budesonide, and triamcinolone acetonide. Similarly, mometasone furoate was the most potent stimulator of glucocorticoid receptor-mediated transactivation of gene expression, followed by fluticasone propionate, tri-amcinolone acetonide, and budesonide. These in vitro studies provide a sensitive means to compare the potency of glucocorticoids and may reliably predict the in vivo topical potency of these drugs.
Differential Modulation of Neuron Survival during Development by Nerve Growth Factor Binding to the p75 Neurotrophin Receptor (1997)

Nerve growth factor (NGF) supports the survival and differentiation of distinct populations of peripheral and central neurons. NGF binds to two classes of cell-surface receptors, the protein tyrosine kinase TrkA and the smaller p75 receptor lacking intrinsic catalytic activity. It has been suggested that both receptors are required for NGF high affinity binding, although TrkA appears to be sufficient for transducing most of the biological effects of NGF. Some evidence suggests that p75 could play a modulatory role on TrkA activation by an as yet unknown mechanism. In this study, we have investigated functional roles of p75 using a purified triple mutant NGF (triNGF) deficient in p75 binding but retaining significant TrkA binding and activation. The mutant was found to be as potent as wild type NGF at promoting survival of serum-deprived TrkA-expressing fibroblasts. On developing chick sensory neurons, survival responses to mutant and native NGF were indistinguishable when assayed at nanomolar concentrations. However, triNGF was 3- to 4-fold less potent than wild type NGF at lower concentrations (i.e. 10(-11) M). Interestingly, in PC12 cells coexpressing TrkA and p75, no high affinity binding sites for triNGF could be detected. The reduced responsiveness to triNGF in sensory neurons was increasingly evident at later developmental stages; late embryonic neurons did not respond at all to concentrations of triNGF that were saturating at earlier developmental stages. Likewise, although no difference could be seen between wild type and mutant NGF on the survival responses of embryonic rat superior cervical ganglion sympathetic neurons, the mutant was much less potent than native NGF on postnatal sympathetic neurons. In sensory neurons, the decrease in responsiveness to triNGF correlated with a developmental reduction in the expression of both p75 and TrkA. Thus, NGF binding to p75 enhances responsiveness to ligand, particularly when this is present at limiting concentrations. During development, p75 modulates responsiveness to NGF so that binding to p75 becomes increasingly important in neurons undergoing a down-regulation of NGF receptors. These results support a ligand-dependent modulatory role for p75 in NGF-mediated neuron survival consistent with p75 functioning as a TrkA regulator and/or signaling receptor.
Adalimumab (2003)

Each month, subscribers to The Formulary Monograph Service receive five to six well-documented monographs on drugs that are newly released or are in late Phase III trials. The monographs are targeted to your Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee. Subscribers also receive monthly one-page summary monographs on the agents that are useful for agendas and pharmacy/nursing in-services. A comprehensive target drug utilization evaluation (DUE) is also provided each month. The monographs are published in printed form and on diskettes that allow customization. Subscribers to the The Formulary Monograph Service also receive access to a pharmacy bulletin board, The Formulary Information Exchange (The F.I.X.). All topics pertinent to clinical and hospital pharmacy are discussed on The F.I.X. Through the cooperation of The Formulary, Hospital Pharmacy publishes selected reviews in this column. If you would like information about The Formulary Monograph Service or The F.I.X., call The Formulary at 800–322–4349. The June 2003 monograph topics are aprepitant, gemifloxacin, desirudin for injection, gatifloxacin ophthalmic solution, and pegvisomant. The DUE is on aprepitant.
Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (2017)

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a leading cause of kidney disease worldwide. The presumed etiology of primary FSGS is a plasma factor with responsiveness to immunosuppressive therapy and a risk of recurrence after kidney transplant-important disease characteristics. In contrast, adaptive FSGS is associated with excessive nephron workload due to increased body size, reduced nephron capacity, or single glomerular hyperfiltration associated with certain diseases. Additional etiologies are now recognized as drivers of FSGS: high-penetrance genetic FSGS due to mutations in one of nearly 40 genes, virus-associated FSGS, and medication-associated FSGS. Emerging data support the identification of a sixth category: APOL1 risk allele-associated FSGS in individuals with sub-Saharan ancestry. The classification of a particular patient with FSGS relies on integration of findings from clinical history, laboratory testing, kidney biopsy, and in some patients, genetic testing. The kidney biopsy can be helpful, with clues provided by features on light microscopy (<i>e.g</i>, glomerular size, histologic variant of FSGS, microcystic tubular changes, and tubular hypertrophy), immunofluorescence (<i>e.g</i>, to rule out other primary glomerulopathies), and electron microscopy (<i>e.g.</i>, extent of podocyte foot process effacement, podocyte microvillous transformation, and tubuloreticular inclusions). A complete assessment of renal histology is important for establishing the parenchymal setting of segmental glomerulosclerosis, distinguishing FSGS associated with one of many other glomerular diseases from the clinical-pathologic syndrome of FSGS. Genetic testing is beneficial in particular clinical settings. Identifying the etiology of FSGS guides selection of therapy and provides prognostic insight. Much progress has been made in our understanding of FSGS, but important outstanding issues remain, including the identity of the plasma factor believed to be responsible for primary FSGS, the value of routine implementation of genetic testing, and the identification of more effective and less toxic therapeutic interventions for FSGS.
Natural plasmid transformation in a high-frequency-of-transformation marine Vibrio strain (1990)

The estuarine bacterium Vibrio strain DI-9 has been shown to be naturally transformable with both broad host range plasmid multimers and homologous chromosomal DNA at average frequencies of 3.5 X 10(-9) and 3.4 X 10(-7) transformants per recipient, respectively. Growth of plasmid transformants in nonselective medium resulted in cured strains that transformed 6 to 42, 857 times more frequently than the parental strain, depending on the type of transforming DNA. These high-frequency-of-transformation (HfT) strains were transformed at frequencies ranging from 1.1 X 10(-8) to 1.3 X 10(-4) transformants per recipient with plasmid DNA and at an average frequency of 8.3 X 10(-5) transformants per recipient with homologous chromosomal DNA. The highest transformation frequencies were observed by using multimers of an R1162 derivative carrying the transposon Tn5 (pQSR50). Probing of total DNA preparations from one of the cured strains demonstrated that no plasmid DNA remained in the cured strains which may have provided homology to the transforming DNA. All transformants and cured strains could be differentiated from the parental strains by colony morphology. DNA binding studies indicated that late-log-phase HfT strains bound [3H]bacteriophage lambda DNA 2.1 times more rapidly than the parental strain. These results suggest that the original plasmid transformation event of strain DI-9 was the result of uptake and expression of plasmid DNA by a competent mutant (HfT strain). Additionally, it was found that a strain of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, USFS 3420, could be naturally transformed with plasmid DNA. Natural plasmid transformation by high-transforming mutants may be a means of plasmid acquisition by natural aquatic bacterial populations.
Formation and Characterization of Patterned Heterogeneous Silane Films (2004)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTFormation and Characterization of Patterned Heterogeneous Silane FilmsJanine Buseman-Williams and John C. BergView Author Information University of Washington, Department of Chemical Engineering, Box 351750, Seattle, Washington 98195-1750 Cite this: Langmuir 2004, 20, 5, 2026–2029Publication Date (Web):February 6, 2004Publication History Received16 June 2003Revised12 December 2003Published online6 February 2004Published inissue 1 March 2004https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la030246shttps://doi.org/10.1021/la030246sbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 2004 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views279Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Contact angle,Deposition,Group 14 compounds,Stiffness,Surface interactions Get e-Alerts
Investment Analysis Using the Probability Distribution of the Internal Rate of Return (1975)

The probability distribution of the internal rate of return of an investment is derived under conditions where uncertainty in costs and returns can be described by a multi-variate normal distribution. The paper sketches the derivation of the exact probability distribution for the rate of return and gives the normal approximation to this distribution when variances of period costs and returns are small. A number of typical normal probability models are discussed in order to demonstrate the flexibility of the approach. An extended application of the analysis is presented using a World Bank appraisal of a hydroelectric power investment in Argentina.
Gold‐Catalyzed Cycloisomerization Reactions of 2‐Tosylaminophenylprop‐1‐yn‐3‐ols as a Versatile Approach for Indole Synthesis (2010)

A great combination: A putative indolyl-substituted vinyl gold species generated in situ from AuCl/AgOTf catalyzed the title transformation. Under these reaction conditions, indenyl-fused and 2,3-disubstituted indole derivatives were produced in good to excellent yields of up to 94 % (see scheme).
Commentary: <i>In Vitro</i> -Cultured Meat Production (2005)

ALTHOUGH MEAT has enjoyed sustained popularity as a foodstuff, consumers have expressed growing concern over some consequences of meat consumption and production. These include nutrition-related diseases,
Wide genomic analysis of human endometrial receptivity: new times, new opportunities (2006)

Microarray technology has broadened the insight into many research fields allowing scientists to analyse the expression of many genes in quick and efficient experiments aimed at translating these findings into clinical applications. In reproductive medicine, researchers have exploited microarrays to increase understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in endometrial receptivity and how a possible therapeutic translation can be feasible. In the last 4 years, several studies have focused on the genomics of the human endometrium in different physiological and pathological conditions, and these studies have generated a large amount of information about the regulation and dysregulation of the window of implantation (WOI) genes in fertile, subfertile and refractory conditions. However, the key molecules/mechanisms in endometrial receptivity remain to be elucidated. In this comprehensive review, we have analysed the available results obtained in our own and other laboratories, defining the genomic profile of the receptive endometrium in different situations and its possible clinical application.
Processing and characterization of a novel nonporous poly(vinilidene fluoride) films in the β phase (2006)

Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) has remarkable properties leading to electro-optics, electro-mechanical and biomedical applications. In particular its piezo- and pyroelectric properties provide possibilities for many technological applications. The semicrystalline nature of PVDF, combined with the occurrence of at least four crystalline phases implies a complicated physical microstructure. The most frequently described and important phase is the β. The piezo and pyro-electric properties mainly depend on this phase, so increasing the β phase content has always been a great concern. It is possible to obtain films in the β phase by solution but this material presents a high porosity leading to an opaque appearance and a decrease of the mechanical an electrical properties. In this work, porous films in the β phase were obtained directly from the solution at 600C. After applying pressure perpendicular to the surface of the film at elevated temperature, the pores in the original sample are eliminated. The changes on the morphology and crystallinity associated to the pressure applied to the samples were also studied.
Tapered semiconductor optical power amplifiers and oscillators (2002)

Summary form only given. Tapered AlGaAs quantum well (QW) semiconductor optical amplifiers have made possible compact, efficient, all semiconductor cw optical sources with high brightness. At 980 nm wavelength, cw output power over 3 W in a nearly single-lobed, nearly diffraction-limited beam has been demonstrated in a master-oscillator/power-amplifier configuration requiring less than 100 mW of amplifier input power.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Renal Sympathetic Denervation: Hibernation or Resurrection? (2016)

The most current versions of renal sympathetic denervation have been invented as minimally invasive approaches for the management of drug-resistant hypertension. The anatomy, physiology and pathophysiology of renal sympathetic innervation provide a strong background supporting an important role of the renal nerves in the regulation of blood pressure (BP) and volume. In addition, historical data with surgical sympathectomy and experimental data with surgical renal denervation indicate a beneficial effect on BP levels. Early clinical studies with transcatheter radiofrequency ablation demonstrated impressive BP reduction, accompanied by beneficial effects in target organ damage and other disease conditions characterized by sympathetic overactivity. However, the failure of the SYMPLICITY 3 trial to meet its primary efficacy end point raised a lot of concerns and put the field of renal denervation into hibernation. This review aims to translate basic research into clinical practice by presenting the anatomical and physiological basis for renal sympathetic denervation, critically discussing the past and present knowledge in this field, where we stand now, and also speculating about the future of the intervention and potential directions for research.
Measurement of crude-cell-extract glycerol dehydratase activity in recombinant<i>Escherichia coli</i>using coupled-enzyme reactions (2017)

Glycerol dehydratase (GDHt), which converts glycerol to 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde, is essential to the production of 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PDO) or 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP). A reliable GDHt activity assay in crude-cell extract was developed. In the assay, GDHt converted 1,2-propanediol (1,2-PDO) to propionaldehyde, which was further converted to 1-propionic acid by aldehyde dehydrogenase (KGSADH) or to 1-propanol by yeast-alcohol dehydrogenase (yADH), while the NADH concentration change was monitored spectrophotometrically. Cells should be disintegrated by Bead Beater/French Press, not by chemical methods (BugBuster<sup>®</sup>/B-PER™), because the reagents significantly inactivated GDHt and coupling enzymes. Furthermore, in the assay mixture, a much higher activity of KGSADH (>200-fold) or yADH (>400-fold) than that of GDHt should have been maintained. Under optimal conditions, both KGSADH and yADH showed practically the same activity. The coupled-enzyme assay method established here should prove to be applicable to recombinant strains developed for the production of 3-HP and/or 1,3-PDO from glycerol.
Activity of the Parallel Dimer of Jl)eamino-Oxytocin (1993)

The parallel dimer ofdeamino-oxytocin has: been synthesized by a novel solid­ plJase rowe. Successive orthogonal depro­ tectian and oxidation reactions, carried RIll while tile peptide remained anchored (ga polymeric support, resulted ill the for­ mation oJ two disulfide bridges and COIl­ version, with minimal side reactions, o] tlre)lillear monomeric precursor to the di­ Iller. The purified duner showed approxi­ l/lately 0./% to 2% ofthe biological activi­ ties of the monomer, as well as prolonged gctioll. The time course of response to the ¥ eallli/lo -oxytocin dimer differed from that oJthe monomer (and of oxytocin], and is Probably due to slow [ormation of I1lOllO­ Wg lender the conditions of biological
Synthesis, Properties, and Biological Activity of Poly[di(sodium carboxylatoethylphenoxy)phosphazene] (2005)

A new water-soluble polyphosphazene polyelectrolyte containing carboxylate functionalities, poly[di(sodium carboxylatoethylphenoxy)phosphazene] (PCEP) was synthesized via reaction of macromolecular substitution. The polymer was characterized using (1)H, (31)P NMR, and gel permeation chromatography with multiangle laser light scattering detection. PCEP was shown to undergo hydrolytic degradation in aqueous solutions, as indicated by the decrease in the molecular weight and the release of side groups. A series of incompletely substituted copolymers of PCEP containing varying amounts of residual chlorine atoms was also prepared. The rate of degradation for such copolymers increased with the rise in the content of chlorine atoms. In vivo studies demonstrated high potency of PCEP as a vaccine immunoadjuvant. The new polyphosphazene was also shown to be capable of forming microspheres in aqueous solutions via reactions of ionic complexation with physiologically occurring amines, such as spermine.
Biochemical characterization of human melanoma cell surfaces: dissection with monoclonal antibodies. (1980)

This report describes the structures of three distinct human melanoma surface antigens detected by monoclonal anti-melanoma antibodies. One antigen, expressed on all melanoma cells and on certain astrocytoma cells but not on any other kind of normal or tumor cell tested, has been shown to consist of our associated polypeptide chains. A second antigen expressed on many but not all melanomas has been identified as the antigenic product of the HLA-D locus, the DR antigen. A third protein antigen is not found on any normal cell tested but occurs on some, but not all, tumors of various origins.
Genetic and sequence analysis of an 8.7-kilobase Pseudomonas denitrificans fragment carrying eight genes involved in transformation of precorrin-2 to cobyrinic acid (1990)

A 8.7-kilobase DNA fragment carrying Pseudomonas denitrificans cob genes has been sequenced. The nucleotide sequence and the genetic analysis revealed that this fragment carries eight different cob genes (cobF to cobM). Six of these genes have the characteristics of translationally coupled genes. cobI has been identified as S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM):precorrin-2 methyltransferase structural gene because the encoded protein has the same NH2 terminus and molecular weight as those of the purified enzyme. From protein homology with CobA and CobI, two SAM-dependent methyltransferases of the cobalamin pathway, it is proposed that cobF, cobJ, cobL, and cobM code for other methyltransferases involved in the cobalamin pathway. In addition, purified CobF protein has affinity for SAM, as expected for a SAM-dependent methyltransferase. Accumulation of cobalamin precursors in Agrobacterium tumefaciens mutants complemented by any of these eight genes suggest that, apart from cobI, whose function is identified, the products of all these genes are implicated in the conversion of precorrin-3 into cobyrinic acid.
Efficient matching of pictorial structures (2002)

A pictorial structure is a collection of parts arranged in a deformable configuration. Each part is represented using a simple appearance model and the deformable configuration is represented by spring-like connections between pairs of parts. While pictorial structures were introduced a number of years ago, they have not been broadly applied to matching and recognition problems. This has been due in part to the computational difficulty of matching pictorial structures to images. In this paper we present an efficient algorithm for finding the best global match of a pictorial stucture to an image. With this improved algorithm, pictorial structures provide a practical and powerful framework for quantitative descriptions of objects and scenes, and are suitable for many generic image recognition problems. We illustrate the approach using simple models of a person and a car.