gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Measurement of Macromolecular Binding Using Electrospray Mass Spectrometry. Determination of Dissociation Constants for Oligonucleotide: Serum Albumin Complexes (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMeasurement of Macromolecular Binding Using Electrospray Mass Spectrometry. Determination of Dissociation Constants for Oligonucleotide: Serum Albumin ComplexesMichael J. Greig, Hans Gaus, Lendell L. Cummins, Henri Sasmor, and Richard H. GriffeyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 43, 10765–10766Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00148a028https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00148a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views657Altmetric-Citations138LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Use of the Topliss scheme for the design of more effective chelating agents for cadmium decorporation (1988)

The Topliss scheme, which designates a special series of substituents for use in sequence in the search for suitably substituted aromatic compounds with biological properties superior to the parent unsubstituted aromatic compound, has been applied to the design of new chelating agents for the decorporation of cadmium from its deposits in vivo. Substituted benzylamines have been used in the syntheses of the corresponding substituted sodium N-benzyl-D-glucamine-N-carbodithioates, i.e., RC6H4CH2N(CS2Na)CH2(CHOH)4CH2OH (or RBGDTC): CF3BGDTC, R = 3-CF3; MeBGDTC, R = 4-CH3; MeOBGDTC, R = 4-OCH3; ClBGDTC, R = 4-Cl. Examination of the behavior of these compounds as agents for the mobilization of cadmium from its deposits in vivo shows that such substitution can have an appreciable effect on the organ selectivity for cadmium removal, as well as the efficacy. Of the four compounds suggested by the Topliss scheme for pilot studies, two were much more effective than the parent compound (BGDTC), and of these the best one, sodium N-(4-methoxybenzyl)-D-glucamine-N-carbodithioate (MeOBGDTC) reduced kidney cadmium levels to 30% and liver cadmium levels to 50% of those obtained with the parent compound. Sodium N-[3-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]-D-glucamine-N-carbodithioate (CF3BGDTC) was also found to be superior to the parent compound in reducing the liver cadmium levels, though it was equivalent in reducing renal cadmium levels.
SWAN: an indoor wireless ATM network (2002)

The SWAN (seamless wireless ATM network) project investigates architectural aspects of networks containing mobile hosts. The network model includes base stations connected via a wired, ATM infrastructure and a wireless, ATM last hop to a number of mobile hosts, ranging in computational and functional abilities from personal digital assistants to notebook computers. The FAWN (flexible adaptor for wireless networking) network interface card was developed as part of the implementation of a small SWAN network. It provides wireless, ATM channels using off-the-shelf FHSS modems which operate in the 2.4 GHz industrial, scientific and medical band, and use a sequence of radio channels of 1 MHz bandwidth to provide up to 625 kb/s raw bit rate. The first phase of the implementation has been completed and provides basic wireless ATM connectivity. This paper presents an overview of the SWAN network, followed by a description of the implementation which has been built to validate our initial architectural design.
Electroreleasing Composite Membranes for Delivery of Insulin and Other Biomacromolecules (1990)

Abstract : A new electroreleasing composite membrane is described. This membrane is prepared by coating a microporous Al2O3 support membrane with a thin polymer film. This composite membrane separates a solution of the molecule to be released (i.e. the target molecule) from a receiver solution. Electrorelease is accomplished by electrochemically rupturing the polymer film; this allows the solution of the target molecule to flow through the pores of the host membrane into the receiver solution. Previous electrorelease systems have entailed entrapment of the target molecule within a polymer membrane. It would be difficult to use such systems to electrorelease large bimolecules or proteins, because of the slow rate of diffusion of such large molecules in the polymer phase. The electrorelease system described here is ideally suited for electrorelease of large biomolecules and proteins. Electrorelease of insulin and vitamin B-12 is demonstrated. (kt)
Correction: Interleukin 12B (IL12B) Genetic Variation and Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Study of Cohorts from The Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, United States and Argentina (2011)

We examined whether polymorphisms in interleukin-12B (IL12B) associate with susceptibility to pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in two West African populations (from The Gambia and Guinea-Bissau) and in two independent populations from North and South America.Nine polymorphisms (seven SNPs, one insertion/deletion, one microsatellite) were analyzed in 321 PTB cases and 346 controls from Guinea-Bissau and 280 PTB cases and 286 controls from The Gambia.For replication we studied 281 case and 179 control African-American samples and 221 cases and 144 controls of European ancestry from the US and Argentina.First-stage single locus analyses revealed signals of association at IL12B 39 UTR SNP rs3212227 (unadjusted allelic p = 0.04; additive genotypic p = 0.05, OR = 0.78, 95% CI [0.61-0.99]) in Guinea-Bissau and rs11574790 (unadjusted allelic p = 0.05; additive genotypic p = 0.05, OR = 0.76, 95% CI [0.58-1.00]) in The Gambia.Association of rs3212227 was then replicated in African-Americans (rs3212227 allelic p = 0.002; additive genotypic p = 0.05, OR = 0.78, 95% CI [0.61-1.00]);most importantly, in the African-American cohort, multiple significant signals of association (seven of the nine polymorphisms tested) were detected throughout the gene.These data suggest that genetic variation in IL12B, a highly relevant candidate gene, is a risk factor for PTB in populations of African ancestry, although further studies will be required to confirm this association and identify the precise mechanism underlying it.
Accelerated Growth and Prolonged Lifespan of Adipose Tissue-derived Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells in a Medium Using Reduced Calcium and Antioxidants (2005)

Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been isolated from bone marrow and other adult tissues and are potentially useful for tissue engineering. Adipose tissue has several clear advantages as a starting material for harvesting stem cells, as it is abundant and relatively easy to procure. However, existing methods to expand adipose-derived MSCs are less than optimal. Here we describe a new cell culture method that accelerates greatly the growth rate and prolongs the lifespan of adipose MSCs. This was accomplished by using a growth medium with low calcium and supplemented with N-acetyl-L-cysteine and L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate. Cells produced early in these cultures displayed characteristics similar to those previously reported for multipotential stem cells, including a high frequency of anchorage- independent growth in soft agar, lack of gap junctional intercellular communication in a cell type with serpiginous morphology, and the expression of Oct-4. Furthermore, these cells could readily be induced to differentiate into adipocytes, osteoblasts, and chondrocytes. Thus, modification of growth medium by reduction of calcium and addition of antioxidants greatly enhanced the growth rate and extended the lifespan of adipose-derived multipotential human MSCs.
A Droop Control Based Three Phase Bidirectional AC-DC Converter for More Electric Aircraft Applications (2017)

This paper addresses the design and implementation of a droop controlled three phase bidirectional AC-DC converter for more electric aircraft (MEA) applications. A unified control strategy using a droop characteristic is presented to achieve the bidirectional power flow between the AC and DC source while maintaining a stable DC output voltage. Based on the rigorous control design, the converter is capable of operating over a wide frequency range with a unity power factor. The key findings obtained from the theoretical analysis are confirmed by simulation studies and further validated by a scaled down laboratory prototype. The practical results show good performance of the bidirectional converter and demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategies.
Cutting Edge: Trimolecular Interaction of TCR with MHC Class II and Bacterial Superantigen Shows a Similar Affinity to MHC:Peptide Ligands (1999)

Bacterial superantigens such as Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin A (SEA) are very potent stimulators of T cells. They bind to the Vbeta region of the TCR and to MHC class II, stimulating T cells at nanomolar concentrations. Using surface plasmon resonance measurements, we find that binding between the individual components of the complex (TCR-class II, TCR-SEA, SEA-class II) is very weak, but that the stability of the trimolecular complex is considerably enhanced, reaching an affinity similar to that found for TCR interactions with MHC:peptide ligand. Thus, the potency of SEA in stimulation of T cells is not due to particularly strong affinities between the proteins, but to a cooperative effect of interactions in the TCR-SEA-MHC class II trimolecular complex that brings the kinetics into a similar range to binding of conventional Ags. This range may be the optimum for T cell activation.
Shy Young Thing (2009)

The issue of shyness and the difficulties faced by shy people in social situations are discussed. The author describes her own battle with shyness and her sometimes successful attempts to overcome it.
The adaptor protein Nck links receptor tyrosine kinases with the serine-threonine kinase Pak1 (1996)

Nck is an adaptor protein composed of a single SH2 domain and three SH3 domains. Upon growth factor stimulation, Nck is recruited to receptor tyrosine kinases via its SH2 domain, probably initiating one or more signaling cascades. In this report, we show that Nck is bound in living cells to the serine-threonine kinase Pak1. The association between Nck and Pak1 is mediated by the second SH3 domain of Nck and a proline-rich sequence in the amino terminus of Pak1. We also show that Pak1 is recruited by activated epidermal growth factor (EGF) and platelet-derived growth factor receptors. Moreover, Pak1 kinase activity is increased in response to EGF in HeLa cells transfected with human Pak1, and the kinase activity was enhanced when Nck was co-transfected. It is concluded that Nck links receptor tyrosine kinases with Pak1 and is probably involved in targeting and regulation of Pak1 activity.
Platelet‐induced expression of FcγRIII (CD16) on human monocytes (1991)

Monocytes constitutively express Fc receptor (FcR) for IgG type I (CD64) and type II (CD32), but not type III (CD16). Prior studies have indicated that in vitro culture of monocytes results in spontaneous induction of CD16, but this phenomenon has been variable and the mechanism unexplained. Here, we demonstrate that activated platelets are responsible for induction of CD16 on monocytes, as a consequence of TGF-beta release. Local release of TGF-beta by activated platelets at sites of tissue damage may induce CD16 on infiltrating or resident monocytes that in turn facilitate the function of these effector cells. The FcR on these CD16+ monocytes is functionally competent, and enables the monocytes to kill murine anti-CD16 hybridoma cells. CD16 expressed on platelet-activated monocytes is structurally similar to the transmembrane-anchored CD16-II polypeptide expressed on natural killer (NK) cells. However, whereas CD16-II on NK cells is co-associated with CD3 zeta, we were unable to detect CD3 zeta transcript or protein in monocytes. Transcripts for the gamma subunit of the high-affinity IgE FcR (Fc epsilon RI-gamma) were detected in monocytes, and presumably gamma proteins are co-associated with CD16-II in these cells. Nucleotide sequence analysis of Fc epsilon RI-gamma cDNA derived from both NK cells and cultured monocytes indicated identity with the structure previously cloned from basophils. Since CD16+ monocytes can kill anti-CD16 hybridoma cell targets in the absence of CD3 zeta, these results indicate that CD3 zeta is not essential for signal transduction in CD16-II-mediated cytotoxicity.
Vive La Différence: Paxos vs. Viewstamped Replication vs. Zab (2014)

Paxos, Viewstamped Replication, and Zab are replication protocols for high-availability in asynchronous environments with crash failures. Claims have been made about their similarities and differences. But how does one determine whether two protocols are the same, and if not, how significant are the differences? We address these questions using refinement mappings. Protocols are expressed as succinct specifications that are progressively refined to executable implementations. Doing so enables a principled understanding of the correctness of design decisions for implementing the protocols. Additionally, differences that have a significant impact on performance are surfaced by this exercise.
Formal specification and design of a message router (1994)

Formal derivation refers to a family of design techniques that entail the development of programs which are guaranteed to be correct by construction. Only limited industrial use of such techniques (e.g., UNITY-style specification refinement) has been reported in the literature, and there is a great need for methodological developments aimed at facilitating their application to complex problems. This article examines the formal specification and design of a message router in an attempt to identify those methodological elements that are likely to contribute to successful industrial uses of program derivation. Although the message router cannot be characterized as being industrial grade, it is a sophisticated problem that poses significant specification and design challenges—its apparent simplicity is rather deceiving. The main body of the article consists of a complete formal specification of the router and a series of successive refinements that eventually lead to an immediate construction of a correct UNITY program. Each refinement is accompanied by its design rationale and is explained in a manner accessible to a broad audience. We use this example to make the case that program derivation provides a good basis for introducing rigor in the design strategy, regardless of the degrees of formality one is willing to consider.
Model-based probabilistic reasoning for electronics troubleshooting (1983)

1N-ATE is an on-going project aimed at developing expert consultant systems for guiding a novice technician through each step of an electronics troubleshooting session. One goal of the project is to automatically produce, given a set of initial symptoms, a binary (pass/fail) decision tree of testpoints to be checked by the technician. This paper discusses our initial approach using a modified game tree search technique, the gamma miniaverage method. One of the parameters which guides this search technique - the cost of each test - is stored a priori The two other parameters that guide it - the conditional probability of test outcomes and the proximity to a solution - are provided by a dynamic model of an expert troubleshooter's beliefs about what in the device is good and what is bad. This model of beliefs is updated using probabilistic tp.st-resuLt plausible-consequences rules These rules are either provided by an expert technician, or approximated by a model-guided Rule Generator The model that guides the generation of rules is a simple block diagram of the Unit Under Test (UUT) augmented with component failure rates.
Handbook of Essential Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism for Industrial Scientists (2002)

This book is designed specifically for industrial scientists, laboratory assistants, and managers who are involved in PK/PD/DM-related areas. It consists of thirteen chapters, each of which deals with a particular PK/PD/DM issue and its industrial applications.
Cytoplasmic factors that affect the intensity and stability of bioluminescence from firefly luciferase in living mammalian cells (1994)

In order to improve calibration of firefly luciferase signals obtained by injecting the enzyme into single, isolated heart and liver cells we have investigated why the luminescence from cells is greatly depressed compared with in vitro (in mammalian ionic milieu) and why the decay of the intracellular signal is remarkably slow. We have shown that inorganic pyrophosphatase greatly depresses the signal in vitro and that micromolar concentrations of inorganic pyrophosphate, comparable with that in cytoplasm, reverse this inhibition and stabilize the signal, eliminating its decay. Higher concentrations of pyrophosphate depress the signal by inhibiting ATP-binding to luciferase. Luciferase-injected cells exposed to extracellular luciferin concentrations above about 100 mumol/l (corresponding to a cytoplasmic level of c. 5-10 mumol/l because of a transplasmalemmal gradient) show a gradual, irreversible loss of signal. We attribute this phenomenon (which is not seen in vitro) to the gradual accumulation of a luminescently inactive, irreversible, luciferase-oxyluciferin complex. At low luciferin levels this complex is prevented from forming by cytoplasmic pyrophosphate. Above c. 100 mumol/l extracellular luciferin, the pyrophosphate level in the cytoplasm fails to fully prevent the complex forming. In vitro this phenomenon does not occur because the luciferase concentrations and hence oxyluciferin levels are orders of magnitude lower than in cells injected with concentrated luciferase solutions, which have a cytoplasmic luciferase concentration of approximately 2-4 mumol/l.
Large Margin Methods for Structured and Interdependent Output Variables (2005)

Learning general functional dependencies between arbitrary input and output spaces is one of the key challenges in computational intelligence. While recent progress in machine learning has mainly focused on designing flexible and powerful input representations, this paper addresses the complementary issue of designing classification algorithms that can deal with more complex outputs, such as trees, sequences, or sets. More generally, we consider problems involving multiple dependent output variables, structured output spaces, and classification problems with class attributes. In order to accomplish this, we propose to appropriately generalize the well-known notion of a separation margin and derive a corresponding maximum-margin formulation. While this leads to a quadratic program with a potentially prohibitive, i.e. exponential, number of constraints, we present a cutting plane algorithm that solves the optimization problem in polynomial time for a large class of problems. The proposed method has important applications in areas such as computational biology, natural language processing, information retrieval/extraction, and optical character recognition. Experiments from various domains involving different types of output spaces emphasize the breadth and generality of our approach.
Loss of heterozygosity on chromosome 3, bands q24→qter, in a diploid meningioma (1991)

Cytogenetic analysis of a meningioma from a 46-year-old female patient exhibited as the sole cytogenetic aberration a deletion on the long arm of one chromosome 3 involving bands 3q24----qter. To verify this finding, RFLP analysis was performed with two polymorphic probes, MOX2 and D3S5. The patient was informative for both single copy probes and demonstrated loss of heterozygosity in the region above whereas chromosome 22 displayed no loss of heterozygosity as judged by a proximal and a distal probe.
Characterization of Porphyrins, Chlorins, and Bacteriochlorins Formed via Allomerization of Bacteriochlorophyll<i>a</i>. Synthesis of Highly Stable Bacteriopurpurinimides and Their Metal Complexes (2006)

Allomerization of bacteriochlorophyll a (Bchl a) was studied under various reaction conditions. Bchl a on stirring with KOH/propanol produced an "unstable bacteriochlorin", which decomposed in acidic conditions to give a complex mixture containing bacteriopurpurin a as a principal component. The yields of other compounds varied and were found to be dependent on reaction condition. The structures of the isolated porphyrins, chlorins, and bacteriochlorins, related to Bchl a, were assigned on the basis of 1D, 2D NMR (ROESY), and mass spectroscopy analyses. The presence of fused anhydride rings in porphyrin, chlorin, and bacterichlorin systems showed a significant influence on their optical properties. Compared to bacteriochlorophyll a and bacteriopheophytin, the related structurally modified analogues, e.g., the bacteriopurpurin a, 13(1)/15(1)-N-alkyl isoimide, and the imide analogues were found to be more stable with a significant difference in spectroscopic properties. Bacteriochlorins containing anhydride, imide, or isoimide cyclic rings demonstrated a significant bathochromic shift of their Q bands in their electronic absorption spectra. Under basic conditions the formation of the 12-hydroxymethyl, 12-formyl, and 12-methylene analogues as byproducts from the 12-methyl-bacteriopurpurin-N-hexylimide could be due to subsequent oxidation of the vinylogous enolate intermediates. To investigate the effect of the central metal in the electronic spectra, the stable bacteriopurpurin-18-N-hexylimide was converted to a series of metal complexes [Zn(II), Cd(II), and Pd(II)] by following the direct or transmetalation approaches. Compared to the free-base analogue, these complexes showed a remarkable shift in their electronic absorption spectra.