gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Only multimers of a synthetic peptide of human apolipoprotein E are biologically active (1991)

Plasma apolipoprotein E (apoE) is a ligand for the cellular uptake of cholesterol-rich plasma lipoproteins. ApoE also inhibits mitogen-stimulated lymphocyte proliferation and gonadotropin-stimulated ovarian theca/interstitial cell androgen production. To address the mechanism(s) by which apoE is active and to understand its interaction with the target cells, we prepared and examined the inhibitory activity of a series of apoE synthetic peptides. ApoE peptides representing amino acid residues 93-112, 141-155, 161-171, 172-182, and 174-193 were not active in either bioassay. However, specific inhibition of both lymphocyte proliferation and ovarian androgen production was observed with a self-conjugate of peptide-(141-155). Furthermore, a synthesized dimeric peptide representing two repeats of sequence-(141-155) (i.e. (141-155)-(141-155] was active as well. In both bioassays, the inhibition observed was not a result of direct cell killing. Furthermore, these apoE peptides exhibited activities with characteristics that were shared with those of native apoE. The results indicate that amino acid residues 141-155 of apoE are responsible for the biological activity of apoE. Furthermore, the results suggest that dimers or multimers of native apoE may be a biologically important species.
MicroRNA involvement in hepatocellular carcinoma (2008)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Curative options for HCC are limited and exclusively available for patients carrying an early stage HCC. In advanced stages, traditional chemotherapy proved to be only marginally effective or even toxic. Thus, the identification of new treatment options is needed. New targets for non-conventional treatment will necessarily take advantage of progresses on the molecular pathogenesis of HCC. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of tiny RNAs with a fundamental role in the regulation of gene expression. Aberrant expression of several miRNAs was found to be involved in human hepatocarcinogenesis. miRNA expression signatures were correlated with bio-pathological and clinical features of HCC. In some cases, aberrantly expressed miRNAs could be linked to cancer-associated pathways, indicating a direct role in liver tumourigenesis. For example, up-regulation of mir-221 and mir-21 could promote cell cycle progression, reduce cell death and favour angiogenesis and invasion. These findings suggest that miRNAs could become novel molecular targets for HCC treatment. The demonstration of in vivo efficacy and safety of anti-miRNA compounds has opened the way to their use in clinical trials.
Dense perovskite membrane reactors for partial oxidation of methane to syngas (1997)

The partial oxidation of methane to synthesis gas (syngas, CO + H2) was performed in a mixed-conducting perovskite dense membrane reactor at 850°C, in which oxygen was separated from air and simultaneously fed into the methane stream. Steady-state oxygen permeation rates for La1-xA′xFe0.8 Co0.2O3-δ perovskite membranes in nonreacting air/helium experiments were in the order of A′x = Ba0.8 > Ba0.6 > Ca0.6 > Sr0.6. Deep oxidation products were obtained from a La0.2 Ba0.8 Fe0.8 Co0.2 O3–δ disk-shaped membrane reactor without catalyst, with a 4.6% CH4 inlet stream. These products were further reformed to syngas when a downstream catalytic bed was added. Packing the 5% Ni/Al2O3 catalyst directly on the membrane reaction-side surface resulted in a slow fivefold increase in O2 permeation, and a fourfold increase in CH4 conversion. XRD, EDS, and SEM analyses revealed structure and composition changes on the membrane surfaces. Oxygen continuously transported from the air side appeared to stabilize the membrane interior, and the reactor was operated for up to 850 h.
Nanowire Array Composites (1994)

Long, nanometer-size metallic wires can be synthesized by injection of the conducting melt into nanochannel insulating plates. Large-area arrays of parallel wires 200 nanometers in diameter and 50 micrometers long with a packing density of 5 x 10(8) per square centimeter have been fabricated in this way. When charged, the ends of the wires generate strong, short-range electric fields. The nanowire electric fields have been imaged at high spatial resolution with a scanning force microscope.
Optimization of ultrasound-mediated gene transfer: comparison of contrast agents and ultrasound modalities (2003)

US-enhanced plasmid gene transfer is capable of transducing skeletal muscle in vivo either directly or via an intravascular route. This enhanced nonviral method is an alternative to plasmid DNA alone or viral vectors.
Design and Control of Five-Fingered Haptic Interface Opposite to Human Hand (2007)

This paper presents the design and control of a newly developed five-fingered haptic interface robot named HIRO II. The developed haptic interface can present force and tactile feeling to the five fingertips of the human hand. Its mechanism consists of a 6 degree of freedom (DOF) arm and a 15 DOF hand. The interface is placed opposite the human hand, which ensures safety and freedom of movement, but this arrangement leads to difficulty in designing and controlling the haptic interface, which should accurately track the fingertip positions of the operator. A design concept and optimum haptic finger layout, which maximizes the design performance index is presented. The design performance index consists of the product space between the operator's finger and the hapic finger, and the opposability of the thumb and fingers. Moreover, in order to reduce the feeling of uneasiness in the operator, a mixed control method consisting of a finger-force control and an arm position control intended to maximize the control performance index, which consists of the hand manipulability measure and the norm of the arm-joint angle vector is proposed. The experimental results demonstrate the high potential of the multifingered haptic interface robot HIRO II <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> utilizing the mixed control method.
Metabolic effects of cachectin/tumor necrosis factor are modified by site of production. Cachectin/tumor necrosis factor-secreting tumor in skeletal muscle induces chronic cachexia, while implantation in brain induces predominantly acute anorexia. (1990)

We have developed a murine model of wasting by injecting intracerebrally cells which continuously secrete h-cachectin/TNF (CHO-TNF) to: (a) determine the effects of cachectin/TNF produced continuously in the central nervous system (CNS), and (b) compare the metabolic effects of cachectin/TNF-secreting tumor in the brain to the cachexia caused by CHO-TNF tumor in peripheral tissue (IM). Intracerebral CHO-TNF tumors produced increased serum h-cachectin/TNF levels with lethal hypophagia and weight loss (mean survival time of 11 d); these changes were not observed in association with nonsecretory control brain tumors. The metabolic consequences of intracerebral cachectin/TNF production were indistinguishable from acute, lethal starvation: whole-body lipid content was decreased significantly but protein was conserved. Although intramuscular cachectin/TNF-secreting tumors caused similar increases of serum h-cachectin/TNF levels, profound anorexia did not develop; wasting developed after a longer period of tumor burden (50 d) with classical signs of cachexia (i.e., anemia and depletion of both protein and lipid). These studies provide a reproducible animal model of site-specific cytokine production and suggest that, regardless of serum levels, cachectin/TNF produced locally in brain influences both the rate of development of wasting and its net metabolic effects.
Effect of NGF on the survival of rat retinal ganglion cells following optic nerve section (1989)

The ability of NGF (2.5S subunit) to support the survival of adult rat retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and optic nerve fibers after intracranial section of the optic nerve was investigated. NGF was injected intraocularly at a dose of 3 micrograms/injection every 2.3 d from the day of axotomy to analysis. Control animals received cytochrome c injections. The survival of RGCs was analyzed in whole-mounted retinas after either cresyl violet staining or labeling with HRP applied to the proximal stump of the optic nerve. Survival times were 5 and 7 weeks. Diameter distribution and number of myelinated optic nerve fibers were assessed in ultrathin cross sections of the optic nerve. We found that RGCs surviving axotomy were much more numerous following NGF treatment compared with controls. Large-size cells were, in particular, preserved by NGF treatment. The quantitative ultrastructural studies indicated that the number of myelinated optic nerve fibers at 5 and 7 weeks postaxotomy was significantly greater in the NGF group with respect to the cytochrome c group. In agreement with the results obtained at the level of the RGCs, large-diameter axons were, in particular, preserved. We conclude that NGF injected intraocularly is effective in promoting the survival of RGCs and optic nerve fibers at least for a period as long as 7 weeks after intracranial section of the optic nerve.
The polyglutamine neurodegenerative protein ataxin 3 regulates aggresome formation (2005)

The polyglutamine-containing neurodegenerative protein ataxin 3 (AT3) has deubiquitylating activity and binds ubiquitin chains with a preference for chains of four or more ubiquitins. Here we characterize the deubiquitylating activity of AT3 in vitro and show it trims/edits K48-linked ubiquitin chains. AT3 also edits polyubiquitylated (125)I-lysozyme and decreases its degradation by proteasomes. Cellular studies show that endogenous AT3 colocalizes with aggresomes and preaggresome particles of the misfolded cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR) mutant CFTRDeltaF508 and associates with histone deacetylase 6 and dynein, proteins required for aggresome formation and transport of misfolded protein. Small interfering RNA knockdown of AT3 greatly reduces aggresomes formed by CFTRDeltaF508, demonstrating a critical role of AT3 in this process. Wild-type AT3 restores aggresome formation; however, AT3 with mutations in the active site or ubiquitin interacting motifs cannot restore aggresome formation in AT3 knockdown cells. These same mutations decrease the association of AT3 and dynein. These data indicate that the deubiquitylating activity of AT3 and its ubiquitin interacting motifs as well play essential roles in CFTRDeltaF508 aggresome formation.
Effects of hyperglycemia and insulin therapy on high mobility group box 1 in endotoxin-induced acute lung injury in a rat model* (2008)

Hyperglycemia is associated with higher HMGB1 levels and lung damage in sepsis. Insulin therapy significantly reduced lung damage, suggesting that management of hyperglycemia with insulin might decrease HMGB1 levels in the serum and lung tissue. One of the mechanisms that could contribute to the inhibition of HMGB1 secretion might be related to the inhibition of NF-kappaB.
Acceptor Conductivity In Bulk ZnO (0001) Crystals (2005)

ZnO is a promising wide bandgap semiconductor. Its renowned and prominent properties as its bandgap of 3.37eV at 4.2K; its very high excitonic binding energy, 60meV; its high melting temperature, 2248K constitute the basis for the recently renewed and sustained scientific interests in the material. In addition to the foregoing, the availability of bulk substrates of industrially relevant sizes provides important opportunities such as homoepitaxial deposition of the material which is a technological asset in the production of efficient optoelectronic and electronic devices.\n\nThe nemesis of wide bandgap materials cannot be more exemplified than in ZnO. The notorious limitation of asymmetric doping and the haunting plague of electrically active point defects dim the bright future of the material. In this case, the search for reliable and consistent acceptor conductivity in bulk substrates has been hitherto, unsuccessful. \n\nIn the dissertation that now follows, our efforts have been concerted in the search for a reliable acceptor. We have carefully investigated the science of point defects in the material, especially those responsible for the high donor conductivity. We also investigated and herein report variety of techniques of introducing acceptors into the material. We employ the most relevant and informative characterization techniques in verifying both the intended conductivity and the response of intrinsic crystals to variation in temperature and strain. And finally we explain deviations, where they exist, from ideal acceptor characteristics. \n\nOur work on reliable acceptor has been articulated in four papers. The first establishing capacitance based methods of monitoring electrically active donor defects. The second investigates the nature of anion acceptors on the oxygen sublattice. A study similar to the preceding study was conducted for cation acceptors on the zinc sublattice and reported in the third paper. Finally, an analysis of the response of the crystal to hydrostatic strain and its recovery when such strain enforces a collapse of its crystallinity is reported in the fourth paper. For the sake of brevity and the need to be concise, our supplementary investigations on extrinsic donor conductivity is deferred to other journal publications.
Ranking user's relevance to a topic through link analysis on web logs (2002)

Computing the web-user's relevance to a give topic is an important task for any personalization service on the Web. Since the interest and preference of a web-user are revealed in his Web browsing history, in this paper we develop a novel approach that utilizes Web logs to compute the relevance of a web-user to a given query. In contrast to traditional methods that are purely based on textual analysis, our approach calculates the web-user's relevance through link analysis under a unified framework where the importance of web-pages and web-users mutually reinforce each other in an iterative way. The experimental results show that our approach has achieved 53 of accuracy when ranking the web-user's relevance to a search topic.
Frequency multiplexing light source with monolithically integrated distributed-feedback diode lasers (1976)

A frequency multiplexing light source is realized by monolithically integrating GaAs-GaAlAs distributed-feedback diode lasers with different grating periods and passive waveguides on a GaAs substrate. The lasers with wavelength separation of ∼20 Å are modulated independently, and the output beams are obtained from a common launching waveguide.
Targeting Stat3 in cancer therapy (2005)

Stat3 is constitutively activated in many human cancers where it functions as a critical mediator of oncogenic signaling through transcriptional activation of genes encoding apoptosis inhibitors (e.g. Bcl-x(L), Mcl-1 and survivin), cell-cycle regulators (e.g. cyclin D1 and c-Myc) and inducers of angiogenesis (e.g. vascular endothelial growth factor). This article reviews several approaches that have been pursued for targeting Stat3 in cancer therapy including antisense strategies, tyrosine kinase inhibition, decoy phosphopeptides, decoy duplex oligonucleotides and G-quartet oligodeoxynucleotides (GQ-ODN). The GQ-ODN strategy is reviewed in somewhat greater detail than the others because it includes a novel system that effectively delivers drug into cells and tissues, addresses successfully the issue of specificity of targeting Stat3 versus Stat1, and has demonstrated efficacy in vivo.
Effect of basic and nonbasic amino acid substitutions on transport induced by simian virus 40 T-antigen synthetic peptide nuclear transport signals. (1988)

A previous study demonstrated the ability of a synthetic peptide homologous to the simian virus 40 T-antigen nuclear transport signal to induce the nuclear transport of carrier proteins and the dependence of peptide-induced transport on a positive charge at the lysine corresponding to amino acid 128 of T antigen. In this investigation synthetic peptides were utilized to examine the effect on transport of amino acid substitutions within the T-antigen nuclear transport signal. Nuclear transport was evaluated by immunofluorescence after microinjection of protein-peptide conjugates into the cytoplasm of mammalian cells. Substitution of other basic amino acids at position 128 revealed a hierarchy for nuclear transport. The rate of nuclear transport was most rapid when a lysine was at position 128 followed in descending order by arginine, D-lysine, ornithine, and p-aminophenylalanine. Peptide-induced nuclear transport was dependent upon a positively charged amino acid at positions 128 and 129, since substitutions of neutral asparagines at these positions abolished transport. However, partial transport was observed with the peptide having an asparagine at position 128 when a high number of peptides were conjugated to the carrier protein.
Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characterization of OROS<sup>®</sup> and immediate‐release amitriptyline (1999)

Aims To characterize the pharmacokinetics of amitriptyline and its metabolite nortriptyline following OROS ® and IR treatments, and to correlate them with anticholinergic side‐effects. Methods The pharmacokinetics and safety of amitriptyline following administration of an osmotic controlled release tablet (OROS ® and an immediate release (IR) tablet were evaluated in 14 healthy subjects. In this randomized, open label, three‐way crossover feasibility study, the subjects received a single 75 mg OROS ® tablet, three 25 mg IR tablets administered every 8 h, or 3×25 mg IR tablets administered at nighttime. In each treatment arm serial blood samples were collected for a period of 84 h after dosing. The plasma samples were analysed by gas chromatography for amitriptyline and its metabolite nortriptyline. Anticholinergic effects such as saliva output, visual acuity, and subject‐rated drowsiness and dry mouth were measured on a continuous scale during each treatment period. Results Following dosing with OROS ® (amitriptyline hydrochloride), the mean maximal plasma amitriptyline concentration C max (15.3 ng ml −1 ) was lower and the mean t max (25.7 h) was longer than that associated with the equivalent IR dose administered at nighttime (26.8 ng ml −1 and 6.3 h, respectively). The bioavailability of amitriptyline following OROS ® dosing was 95% relative to IR every 8 h dosing, and 89% relative to IR nighttime dosing. The metabolite‐to‐drug ratios after the three treatment periods were similar, suggesting no change in metabolism between treatments. The relationships between plasma amitriptyline concentration and anticholinergic effects (e.g. reduced saliva weight, dry mouth, and drowsiness) were similar with all three treatments. Of the anticholinergic effects, only decreased saliva weight and dry mouth correlated well with plasma amitriptyline concentrations; drowsiness did not. There was no apparent correlation between anticholinergic effects and the plasma nortriptyline concentration. Conclusions The bioavailability of OROS ® (amitriptyline hydrochloride) was similar to that of the IR treatments and the pharmacokinetics of amitriptyline after OROS ® dosing may decrease the incidence of anticholinergic effects compared with that seen with nighttime dosing of the IR formulation. Therefore, this controlled‐release formulation of amitriptyline may be appropriate for single daily administration.
Usable gestures for mobile interfaces (2010)

Gesture-based mobile interfaces require users to change the way they use technology in public settings. Since mobile phones are part of our public appearance, designers must integrate gestures that users perceive as acceptable for public use. This topic has received little attention in the literature so far. The studies described in this paper begin to look at the social acceptability of a set of gestures with respect to location and audience in order to investigate possible ways of measuring social acceptability. The results of the initial survey showed that location and audience had a significant impact on a user's willingness to perform gestures. These results were further examined through a user study where participants were asked to perform gestures in different settings (including a busy street) over repeated trials. The results of this work provide gesture design recommendations as well as social acceptability evaluation guidelines.
A case-based approach to knowledge navigation (1994)

28&amp;gt; The problem The Find-Me systems are designed to allow a user to navigate through a set of possible solutions or products that #t their needs. The class of problems addressed by the Find-Me systems is best explained through an example: You want to rent a video. In particular, you&amp;apos;d like something like Back to the Future whichyou&amp;apos;ve seen and liked. Howdoyou go about #nding something? Do you wanttoseeBack to the FutureII?Doyou want to see another Michael J. Fox movie? Do you want to see Crocodile Dundee, another movie about a person dropped 1 into an unfamiliar setting? Time After Time, another time travel #lm? Who Framed Roger Rabbit?, another movie by the same director? The goal of the Find-Me project is to develop systems that deal with this sort of search problem. These problems relate to domains with the following features:
Total Synthesis of Bouvardin, O-Methylbouvardin, and O-Methyl-N9-desmethylbouvardin (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTotal Synthesis of Bouvardin, O-Methylbouvardin, and O-Methyl-N9-desmethylbouvardinDale L. Boger, Michael A. Patane, and Jiacheng ZhouCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 19, 8544–8556Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1994https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00098a015RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views2007Altmetric-Citations109LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts