gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Survey of Self-Interference Management Techniques for Single Frequency Full Duplex Systems (2017)

This paper presents a comprehensive survey of the literature on self-interference management schemes required to achieve a single frequency full duplex (FD) communication in wireless communication networks. A single frequency FD system often referred to as in-band FD system has emerged as an interesting solution for the next generation mobile networks, where the scarcity of available radio spectrum is an important issue. Although studies on the mitigation of self-interference have been documented in the literature, this is the first holistic attempt at presenting not just the various techniques available for handling self-interference that arises when an FD device is enabled, as a survey, but it also discusses other system impairments that significantly affect the self-interference management of the system, and not only in terrestrial systems, but also on satellite communication systems. The survey provides a taxonomy of selfinterference management schemes and shows by means of comparisons the strengths and limitations of various self-interference management schemes. It also quantifies the amount of self-interference cancellation required for different access schemes from the first generation to the candidate fifth generation of mobile cellular systems. Importantly, the survey summarizes the lessons learnt, identifies and presents open research questions and key research areas for the future. This paper is intended to be a guide and take off point for further work on self-interference management in order to achieve FD transmission in mobile networks, including heterogeneous cellular networks, which is undeniably the network of the future wireless systems.
Icosapent Ethyl, a Pure Ethyl Ester of Eicosapentaenoic Acid: Effects on Circulating Markers of Inflammation from the MARINE and ANCHOR Studies (2013)

Compared to placebo, in hypertriglyceridemic patients, IPE 4 g/day significantly decreased Ox-LDL, Lp-PLA(2), and hsCRP levels.
SmoothMix: a Simple Yet Effective Data Augmentation to Train Robust Classifiers (2020)

Data augmentation has been proven effective which, by preventing overfitting, not only enhances the performance of a deep neural network but also leads to a better generalization even with limited dataset. Recently introduced regional dropout based data augmentation strategies remove (or replace) some parts of an input image with a desideratum to make the network focus on less discriminative portions of an image, which results in an improved performance. However, such approaches usually possess' strong-edge' problem caused by an obvious change in the pixels at the positions where the image is manipulated. It may not only impact on the local convolution operation but can also provide clues for the network to latch on to, which do not align well with the fundamental philosophy of augmentation. In order to minimize such peculiarities, we introduce Smoothmix in which blending of images is done based on soft edges and the training labels are computed accordingly. Extensive analysis performed on CIFAR-10, CIFAR- 100 and ImageNet for image classification demonstrates state-of-the-art results. Furthermore, Smoothmix significantly increases the robustness of a network against image corruption which is validated by the experiments carried out on CIFAR-100-C & ImageNet-C corruption datasets.
Immunomodulatory properties of recombinant murine and human tumor necrosis factor. (1988)

Tumor necrosis factor has traditionally been thought to have direct cytostatic and cytotoxic properties with little or no direct immunomodulatory activity. We report here that tumor necrosis factor is able to activate macrophages both in vitro and in vivo and can increase a mixed lymphocyte response and act as an adjuvant for both T- and B-cells in vivo. Adjuvant activity in T-cells occurred in conjunction with the administration of a suboptimal syngeneic tumor cell vaccine. In addition, tumor necrosis factor demonstrated a potent dose-dependent effect on bone marrow stem cell number, dramatically depressing cellularity and thus total stem cell number. An appreciable interval is required for recovery from such stem cell depletion. Therefore, the study of the therapeutic activity of tumor necrosis factor must include a consideration of its immunomodulatory properties.
Recognition of prostate tumor cells by cytotoxic T lymphocytes specific for prostate-specific membrane antigen. (2002)

The development of immunotherapy for cancer, such as synthetic peptide-based vaccines, relies heavily on the identification of appropriate epitopes capable of eliciting antitumor T-cell responses. We have used a combination of computer-based algorithms to predict peptide sequences from prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) capable of stimulating in vitro CTLs restricted by the HLA-A2 MHC molecule. Four of the five peptides that were predicted by these algorithms were capable of inducing antigen-specific CTLs that killed target cells that were pulsed exogenously with the corresponding peptides. However, only one of the four peptides, PSMA(27), induced CTLs that were effective at recognizing prostate tumor cells expressing the HLA-A2 and PSMA molecules. These results underline the importance of demonstrating antitumor reactivity of peptide-induced CTLs for the selection of epitopes destined to become immunotherapeutic for prostate cancer.
The concept of coupling blood flow to brain function: Revision required? (1987)

A tight coupling exists between brain function and cerebral perfusion in most situations. The Roy and Sherrington hypothesis has been widely accepted to account for the phenomenon: increased neuronal metabolic activity will give rise to the accumulation of vasoactive catabolites, which decrease vascular resistance and thereby increase blood flow until normal homeostasis is reestablished. However, the hypothesis does not account for the disproportionate increase in flow that occurs in a number of circumstances. There are additional difficulties in reconciling more recent experimental data with the Roy and Sherrington hypothesis. In this review we direct attention toward the rich perivascular nerve supply to all parts of the cerebral circulation as possibly being an alternative control system allowing for rapid parallel changes in flow and neuronal activity.
Novel determinant (<i>comA</i>) essential for natural transformation competence in <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i> and the effect of a <i>comA</i> defect on pilin variation (1993)

A novel genetic determinant (comA) has been identified and found to be required for the transformation of piliated Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Mutants in comA of strain MS11 grow normally and are DNA-uptake proficient but blocked in the translocation of DNA into the cytoplasm. Here we show by site-specific mutagenesis and genetic complementation that only one of two open reading frames identified in comA is essential for competence: it encodes a protein (ComA) with a predicted size of 74 kDa. The comA gene maps upstream of the iga locus and is transcribed in the opposite orientation, probably under the control of a putative sigma 54-type promoter. While DNA probes specific for the N. gonorrhoeae iga locus reveal only a little cross-reactivity with commensal Neisseria species, the neighbouring comA gene appears to be present in most of them. ComA fusion proteins were obtained by in vitro translation. The synthesized gene products migrated atypically in SDS gels indicating its strong hydrophobicity. Several transmembrane alpha-helices were predicted from the amino acid sequence of ComA which, in the context of an observed sequence similarity with other inner membrane proteins, suggests a location for the protein in the inner membrane. Using piliated and non-piliated comA mutants the consequences of transformation deficiency on pilin phase variation were assessed. We show that the comA defect affects some but not all types of DNA rearrangements associated with pilE variation. The results are in agreement with previous observations supporting the notion that multiple recombination pathways contribute to the variability of pilE.
A Replication-Incompetent Adenovirus Vector with the Preterminal Protein Gene Deleted Efficiently Transduces Mouse Ears (1999)

Adenoviruses offer great potential as gene therapy agents but are limited by the strong inflammatory response that occurs in response to the recombinant virus. Since the degree of inflammation correlates in part with the potential of the viral vector for replication, we constructed a preterminal protein (pTP) deletion mutant adenovirus type 5 vector, Ad5dl308DeltapTPbeta-gal, that is replication incompetent due to deletion of the pTP gene and that has the E1 genes replaced by the Escherichia coli lacZ reporter gene under the control of the cytomegalovirus major immediate-early promoter. This virus was compared with a first-generation, replication-defective adenovirus vector, Ad5dl308beta-gal, that is isogenic except that it contains a wild-type pTP gene. To examine transduction efficiency and induction of inflammation, we developed a novel system involving intradermal injection of BALB/c mouse ears. Mouse ears can be accurately measured to determine the degree of edema as an indirect measurement of inflammation. Edema and inflammation were induced in a dose- and time-dependent manner by both viruses and correlated well. LacZ activity correlated inversely with edema and inflammation. The pTP-defective vector Ad5dl308DeltapTPbeta-gal transduced mouse ears much more efficiently and induced edema and inflammatory cell infiltration approximately 10-fold less efficiently than the first-generation vector Ad5dl308beta-gal. The diminished inflammatory response and increased efficiency of transduction observed with Ad5dl308DeltapTPbeta-gal indicate its promise as a gene therapy agent for other tissues. The results also demonstrate that the mouse ear model offers potential for the study of adenovirus-induced inflammation because of the ready access of the ears, the relative ease of continuous measurement, and the sensitivity to adenovirus transducing vectors.
Intermediate and normal sized CGG repeat on the FMR1 gene does not negatively affect donor ovarian response (2011)

No negative effect was observed for intermediate-sized CGG repeats on ovarian stimulation and clinical outcome using a non-confounding model of oocyte donation. These results disagree with previous studies performed on infertility patients. Owing to the present study, fragile X genetic screening should not be considered for prediction of response to ovarian stimulation.
Transforming growth factor beta, fibrogenesis and hyperglycemia in patients with chronic pancreatitis. (1998)

serum biochemical markers of liver fibrosis can be considered of limited value in assessing pancreatic fibrosis; in liver cirrhosis there may be a negative feed-back regulation between TGFb production and the fibrogenetic process; and in chronic pancreatitis TGFb appears to favor fibrosis on the one hand and the development of hyperglycemia on the other.
Development of GaInNAsSb alloys: Growth, band structure, optical properties and applications (2007)

Abstract In the past few years, GaInNAsSb has been found to be a potentially superior material to both GaInNAs and InGaAsP for communications wavelength laser applications. It has been observed that due to the surfactant role of antimony during epitaxy, higher quality material can be grown over the entire 1.2–1.6 µm range on GaAs substrates. In addition, it has been discovered that antimony in GaInNAsSb also works as a constituent that significantly modifies the valence band. These findings motivated a systematic study of GaInNAsSb alloys with widely varying compositions. Our recent progress in growth and materials development of GaInNAsSb alloys and our fabrication of 1.5–1.6 µm lasers are discussed in this paper. We review our recent studies of the conduction band offset in (Ga,In) (N,As,Sb)/GaAs quantum wells and discuss the growth challenges of GaInNAsSb alloys. Finally, we report record setting long wavelength edge emitting lasers and the first monolithic VCSELs operating at 1.5 μm based on GaInNAsSb QWs grown on GaAs. Successful development of GaInNAsSb alloys for lasers has led to a much broader range of potential applications for this material including: solar cells, electroabsorption modulators, saturable absorbers and far infrared optoelectronic devices and these are also briefly discussed in this paper. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Beating intraocular hearts: Light‐controlled rate by autonomic innervation from host iris (1976)

The sympathetic adrenergic ground plexus of the rat iris is able to innervate whole embryonic hearts transplanted to the anterior eye chamber. The transplants beat continuously from the time of transplantation and for at least five months, initially at 150-200 beats/min, and later approximately 250 beats/min. From seven days postoperatively onwards increased light to the eye produced deceleration while decreased light produced acceleration of the transplants. The rate changes coincided with changes in pupil diameter. Topical atropine reduced the light dependent rate variations of the transplants, especically the dramatic decrease in rate at white light. Waking stress caused a large rate increase. The "waking-effect" was strongly reduced by sympathetic decentralization and completely abolished by propranolol. The high rate seen in red light was decreased to the low rate of white light by decentralization. Isoprenaline restored red light rate levels in the decentralized transplant. The intraocular heart thus receives a dual functional autonomic input from the host iris and becomes a sensitive monitor of an autonomic nervous activity that can easily be varied at will in a physiological way by changing the light influx to the eye.
Enabling High-Capacity Long-Reach Direct Detection Transmission With QAM-PAM Stokes Vector Modulation (2017)

We introduce a three-dimensional modulation format using a Stokes-vector direct-detection system, where a pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) signal is polarization multiplexed with a quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) signal. The phase reference of the PAM signal enables the retrieval of the phase information of the QAM signal using a Stokes vector receiver (SVR). A dual-polarization in-phase-quadrature modulator is employed to generate QAM-PAM optical signals with chromatic dispersion precompensation. We show direct detection of dual-polarization 16QAM-PAM2 and 16QAM-PAM4 signals delivering 280 and 336 Gb/s (net bit rate 233 and 280 Gb/s) below the soft-decision forward error correction threshold of 2 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-2</sup> at 320 and 80 km, respectively. In addition, we study system performance at different modulation formats and symbol rates. Our findings indicate that increasing the order of modulation formats of the QAM signal is better than increasing that of the PAM signal to achieve the same bit rate. Finally, the performance of a 56 Gbaud 16QAM signal with PAM2 modulation on one polarization and a 56 Gbaud 16QAM signal with a pilot carrier on the orthogonal polarization detected with an SVR is experimentally investigated.
“Pills and Pulses”: Hybrid Therapy for Atrial Fibrillation (2002)

Nonpharmacologic techniques are being increasingly applied to the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF). None of these techniques (other than maze surgery) begins to approach 100% efficacy for long-term elimination of arrhythmia. This review examines the evidence for "hybrid" therapy, using combinations of drug and nonpharmacologic treatments. The immediate success rate of electrical cardioversion can be increased with amiodarone or ibutilide, and a number of drugs reduce the risk of AF recurrence. Preventing or reversing electrical atrial remodeling is an attractive strategy for maintenance of sinus rhythm. However, the available evidence (relating to the use of verapamil) is limited and conflicting. Ablation of the cavotricuspid isthmus is effective when antiarrhythmic drugs given for AF give rise to typical flutter. Isthmus and other right atrial linear lesions are poor as a sole therapy for AF, but better when drugs are added. Better still is the combination of left atrial linear lesions with drugs. In patients with AF recurrence following focal ablation/pulmonary vein isolation procedures, drugs are an alternative to extensive linear ablation. Some studies indicate that pacing to prevent AF may be effective, but rarely without continued antiarrhythmic drug therapy. This may represent a specific effect or simply improved drug tolerance. Drugs also might assist pacemaker therapy by increasing the proportion of atrial arrhythmias that are highly organized and thus amenable to antitachycardia pacing. This and other forms of hybrid therapy will remain the subject of conjecture in the absence of controlled clinical trials, which are urgently needed.
Investigation of hydrological time series using copulas for detectingcatchment characteristics and anthropogenic impacts (2016)

Abstract. Global climate change can have impacts on characteristics of rainfall–runoff events and subsequently on the hydrological regime. Meanwhile, the catchment itself changes due to anthropogenic influences. However, it is not easy to prove the link between the hydrology and the forcings. In this context, it might be meaningful to detect the temporal changes of catchments independent from climate change by investigating existing long-term discharge records. For this purpose, a new stochastic system based on copulas for time series analysis is introduced in this study.A statistical tool like copula has the advantage to scrutinize the dependence structure of the data and, thus, can be used to attribute the catchment behavior by focusing on the following aspects of the statistics defined in the copula domain: (1) copula asymmetry, which can capture the nonsymmetric property of discharge data, differs from one catchment to another due to the intrinsic nature of both runoff and catchment; and (2) copula distances can assist in identifying catchment change by revealing the variability and interdependency of dependence structures.These measures were calculated for 100 years of daily discharges for the Rhine River and these analyses detected epochs of change in the flow sequences. In a follow-up study, we compared the results of copula asymmetry and copula distance applied to two flow models: (i) antecedent precipitation index (API) and (ii) simulated discharge time series generated by a hydrological model. The results of copula-based analysis of hydrological time series seem to support the assumption that the Neckar catchment had started to change around 1976 and stayed unusual until 1990.
iPhoto 5 for Mac OS X: Visual QuickStart Guide (Visual Quickstart Guides) (2005)

Owning a digital camera makes it easy to snap tons of photos. But once you import them from your camera to your computer, it's organizing, editing, and printing those digital photos that can cause you headaches. What to do with the piles of digital photos you're suddenly amassing? Enter iPhoto 5. Included on all new Macs, iPhoto 5 is a significant update to Apple's photo-editing component of its revolutionary iLife '05 suite.Aside from organizing, sharing, and editing digital photos, iPhoto lets you create stunning slideshows, assemble photo albums, and burn your images to DVD, to name a few features. Written by longtime Macintosh authority and best-selling author Adam Engst, this smart, thoughtful guide ensures you make the most of it. Using simple, step-by-step instructions accompanied by copious screenshots, this book tackles all that's old and new in iPhoto 5. With the help of Adam's sharp advice and insightful instruction, you'll learn the ins and outs of using iPhoto both separately and in tandem with the other iLife apps--adding GarageBand-created tracks to your slideshows, using iPhoto slide shows in iDVD and iMovie projects, and more. Best of all, you'll discover all of iPhoto's newest (and coolest) features: creating softcover photo books in multiple sizes, using iPhoto's advanced editing tools to sharpen and clean up your photos, searching for images with iPhoto's spiffy new search tools, importing photos shot in RAW format, creating cinematic slideshows, and much more. With this book, you'll soon be shooting, organizing, and sharing your digital photos with ease.
Human milk metagenome: a functional capacity analysis (2013)

Our results further expand the complexity of the human milk metagenome and enforce the benefits of human milk ingestion on the microbial colonization of the infant gut and immunity. Discovery of immune-modulatory motifs in the metagenome of human milk indicates more exhaustive analyses of the functionality of the human milk metagenome are warranted.
Phosphorylation of Alzheimer disease amyloid precursor peptide by protein kinase C and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II. (1988)

The amino acid sequence of the Alzheimer disease amyloid precursor (ADAP) has been deduced from the corresponding cDNA, and hydropathy analysis of the sequence suggests a receptor-like structure with a single transmembrane domain. The putative cytoplasmic domain of ADAP contains potential sites for serine and threonine phosphorylation. In the present study, synthetic peptides derived from this domain were used as model substrates for various purified protein kinases. Protein kinase C rapidly catalyzed the phosphorylation of a peptide corresponding to amino acid residues 645-661 of ADAP [ADAP peptide(645-661)] on Ser-655. Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II phosphorylated ADAP peptide (645-661) on Thr-654 and Ser-655. This peptide was virtually ineffective as a substrate for cAMP-dependent protein kinase, cGMP-dependent protein kinase, casein kinase II, or insulin receptor protein-tyrosine kinase. When a homogenate of rat cerebral cortex was used as the source of protein kinase, phosphorylation of ADAP peptide(645-661) was stimulated by calcium/phosphatidylserine/diolein to a level 4.6-fold above the basal level of phosphorylation, consistent with a prominent stimulation by protein kinase C. Using rat cerebral cortex synaptosomes prelabeled with 32Pi, a 32P-labeled phosphoprotein of approximately equal to 135 kDa was immunoprecipitated by using antisera prepared against ADAP peptide(597-624), consistent with the possibility that the holoform of ADAP in rat brain is a phosphoprotein. Based on analogy with the effect of phosphorylation by protein kinase C of juxtamembrane residues in the cytoplasmic domain of the epidermal growth factor receptor and the interleukin 2 receptor, phosphorylation of ADAP may target it for internalization.