gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Minocycline Treatment Inhibits Microglial Activation and Alters Spinal Levels of Endocannabinoids in a Rat Model of Neuropathic Pain (2009)

Activation of spinal microglia contributes to aberrant pain responses associated with neuropathic pain states. Endocannabinoids (ECs) are present in the spinal cord, and inhibit nociceptive processing; levels of ECs may be altered by microglia which modulate the turnover of endocannabinoids in vitro. Here, we investigate the effect of minocycline, an inhibitor of activated microglia, on levels of the endocannabinoids anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), and the related compound N-palmitoylethanolamine (PEA), in neuropathic spinal cord. Selective spinal nerve ligation (SNL) in rats resulted in mechanical allodynia and the presence of activated microglia in the ipsilateral spinal cord. Chronic daily treatment with minocycline (30 mg/kg, ip for 14 days) significantly reduced the development of mechanical allodynia at days 5, 10 and 14 post-SNL surgery, compared to vehicle-treated SNL rats (P < 0.001). Minocycline treatment also significantly attenuated OX-42 immunoreactivity, a marker of activated microglia, in the ipsilateral (P < 0.001) and contralateral (P < 0.01) spinal cord of SNL rats, compared to vehicle controls. Minocycline treatment significantly (P < 0.01) decreased levels of 2-AG and significantly (P < 0.01) increased levels of PEA in the ipsilateral spinal cord of SNL rats, compared to the contralateral spinal cord. Thus, activation of microglia affects spinal levels of endocannabinoids and related compounds in neuropathic pain states.
Multiple Members of a Third Subfamily of P-Type ATPases Identified by Genomic Sequences and ESTs (1998)

The Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome contains five P-type ATPases divergent from both of the well-known subfamilies of these membrane ion transporters. This newly recognized third subfamily can be further divided into four classes of genes with nearly equal relatedness to each other. Genes of this new subfamily are also present and expressed in multicellular organisms such as Caenorhabditis elegans and mammals; some, but not all, can be assigned to the classes identified in yeast. Different classes of genes and different genes within a class are expressed differentially in tissues of the mouse. The recently cloned gene for the mammalian aminophospholipid translocase belongs to this new subfamily, suggesting that other subfamily members may transport other lipids or lipid-like molecules from one leaflet of the membrane bilayer to the other.
Structural and Functional Consequences of the Mutation of a Conserved Arginine Residue in αA and αB Crystallins (1999)

A point mutation of a highly conserved arginine residue in alphaA and alphaB crystallins was shown to cause autosomal dominant congenital cataract and desmin-related myopathy, respectively, in humans. To study the structural and functional consequences of this mutation, human alphaA and alphaB crystallin genes were cloned and the conserved arginine residue (Arg-116 in alphaA crystallin and Arg-120 in alphaB crystallin) mutated to Cys and Gly, respectively, by site-directed mutagenesis. The recombinant wild-type and mutant proteins were expressed in Escherichia coli and purified. The mutant and wild-type proteins were characterized by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, Western immunoblotting, gel permeation chromatography, fluorescence, and circular dichroism spectroscopy. Biophysical studies reveal significant differences between the wild-type and mutant proteins. The chaperone-like activity was studied by analyzing the ability of the recombinant proteins to prevent dithiothreitol-induced aggregation of insulin. The mutations R116C in alphaA crystallin and R120G in alphaB crystallin reduce the chaperone-like activity of these proteins significantly. Near UV circular dichroism and intrinsic fluorescence spectra indicate a change in tertiary structure of the mutants. Far UV circular dichroism spectra suggest altered packing of the secondary structural elements. Gel permeation chromatography reveals polydispersity for both of the mutant proteins. An appreciable increase in the molecular mass of the mutant alphaA crystallin is also observed. However, the change in oligomer size of the alphaB mutant is less significant. These results suggest that the conserved arginine of the alpha-crystallin domain of the small heat shock proteins is essential for their structural integrity and subsequent in vivo function.
Environmental study of a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus epidemic in a burn unit (1983)

During an outbreak of infections caused by methicillin-resistant (MR) Staphylococcus aureus in our burn unit, we conducted an extensive 10-week study to define the environmental epidemiology of the organism. The inanimate environment in patient rooms and adjacent areas was examined by using volumetric air samplers and Rodac plates. Airborne and surface level contamination with MR S. aureus was quantitated, and overall, MR S. aureus comprised 16, 31, and 40% of all bacterial growth from air, elevated surfaces, and floor surfaces, respectively. Mean air, elevated surface, and floor surface MR S. aureus contamination in rooms of MR S. aureus-infected burn patients were 1.9 MR S. aureus per ft3 (ca. 0.028 m3), 20 MR S. aureus per Rodac plate and 48 MR S. aureus per Rodac plate, respectively. Peak patient room environmental contamination levels were 6.9 MR S. aureus per ft3 of air, 70 MR S. aureus per Rodac plate per elevated surface and 138 MR S. aureus per Rodac plate per floor surface. Environmental contamination levels in the adjacent work areas were considerably lower than in infected patient rooms. There was ample opportunity for contamination of personnel through the inanimate environment in this unit.
Sacroiliac Joint Syndrome (2001)

The sacroiliac joint has long been considered to be a potential source of low back and/or buttock pain with or without lower extremity symptoms. Until recently, supportive evidence for this disorder has been empirical as it was solely derived from information garnered from patients who obtained successful treatment for a constellation of signs, symptoms and examination findings believed to be indicative of sacroiliac joint syndrome. Due to this fallacious reasoning, successful treatment denotes a correct diagnosis; many of the concepts espoused during the past few decades have been predicated upon spurious data. With the advent of and systematic utilization of fluoroscopically guided diagnostic sacroiliac joint blockade specific epidemiologic, symptomatic, examination, diagnostic, and outcome data have been derived. This review describes current concepts and provides information that expounds and, in some instances, supplants prior held notions about this disorder.
Industrial Uses for Cane Sugar II. Properties of Alkyl Esters of Levulinic Acid (1933)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIndustrial Uses for Cane Sugar II. Properties of Alkyl Esters of Levulinic AcidGerald J. Cox and Mary L. DoddsCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1933, 25, 9, 967–968Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1933Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1933https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50285a005https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50285a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views132Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
&lt;title&gt;Cooperation for analysis of maps and aerial images for urban scene description&lt;/title&gt; (1997)

In this paper we present a method to generate 3D cartographic databases in dense urban areas using simultaneously scanned maps and aerial images. The generation of digital terrain models (DTM) and the 3D description of buildings using aerial imagery are both supported by the previous analysis of scanned maps. Our approach relies on various information extracted form the maps on different features like the road network, the urban blocks and the buildings. These features are used to guide the analysis of a disparity image calculated with a stereo pair of aerial images. For the generation of a DTM, the road network allows to focus the algorithms on regions where the information on the ground elevation is available: the crossroads and the road sections. For the detection and the description of buildings, each urban block provided by the road network of the map is analyzed separately, taking into account the different features detected in the map. The effectiveness of this approach is demonstrated using complex imagery over large and dense urban areas presenting a large variety of landscapes.
Microarrays with Varying Carbohydrate Density Reveal Distinct Subpopulations of Serum Antibodies (2009)

Antigen arrays have become important tools for profiling complex mixtures of proteins such as serum antibodies. These arrays can be used to better understand immune responses, discover new biomarkers, and guide the development of vaccines. Nevertheless, they are not perfect and improved array designs would enhance the information derived from this technology. In this study, we describe and evaluate a strategy for varying antigen density on an array and then use the array to study binding of lectins, monoclonal antibodies, and serum antibodies. To vary density, neoglycoproteins containing differing amounts of carbohydrate were synthesized and used to make a carbohydrate microarray with variations in both structure and density. We demonstrate that this method provides variations in density on the array surface within a range that is relevant for biological recognition events. The array was used to evaluate density dependent binding properties of three lectins (Vicia villosa lectin B4, Helix pomatia agglutinin, and soybean agglutinin) and three monoclonal antibodies (HBTn-1, B1.1, and Bric111) that bind the tumor-associated Tn antigen. In addition, serum antibodies were profiled from 30 healthy donors. The results show that variations in antigen density are required to detect the full spectrum of antibodies that bind a particular antigen and can be used to reveal differences in antibody populations between individuals that are not detectable using a single antigen density.
Fast pose estimation for visual navigation using homographies (2009)

In this paper we propose a new algorithm for relative pose estimation between two images based on a new decomposition for an homography matrix faster than the classical solutions. We introduce in our method approximate information about the planes in the reference images but this additional information allows the decomposition to avoid the multiplicity of solutions. An exhaustive analysis of the error propagation through the method is provided. The new decomposition can be used for visual navigation of robots moving on a planar surface. The approach is based in the well known teaching-by-doing scheme with the route defined by a set of images. The parameters of the planes can be computed automatically from the reference images before the navigation. The contributions are the easy method to extract the parameters of all the planes and the use of this information in navigation tasks using a fast homography decomposition. The experimental results show the performance of the proposal.
Identification of a fungal cutinase promoter that is inducible by a plant signal via a phosphorylated trans-acting factor. (1991)

Plant cutin monomers trigger, and glucose suppresses, the expression of the cutinase gene of pathogenic fungi. To identify the cutinase promoter region responsible for induction by the unique plant components, a promoter analysis was done with transformants. Plasmids were constructed that contained (i) the 5' flanking region of the cutinase gene or its deletion mutants from Fusarium solani pisi fused with a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) reporter gene and (ii) a constitutive promoter fused with a hygromycin phosphotransferase gene. Hygromycin-resistant transformants of F. solani pisi generated by electroporation were assayed for CAT activity inducible by cutin hydrolysate and for glucose repression of this induction. CAT was induced in a glucose-repressible manner when fused with a 360-base-pair (bp), or longer, segment of the 5' flanking region of the cutinase gene, and deletion of the next 135 bp abolished this induction. Gel retardation assays showed that a protein(s) in nuclear extract from the fungus bound to the 5' flanking region of cutinase gene, and this binding was also abolished when the same 135-bp segment was deleted. These results show that the -225 to -360 segment of the cutinase gene contains a cis-acting regulatory element that binds trans-acting factor(s) in the nuclei. Treatment of the nuclear extract with immobilized phosphatase abolished binding to the promoter, suggesting that binding required a phosphorylated form of the protein. With isolated nuclei, phosphorylation of a protein occurred only in the presence of both cutin monomer and the fungal protein factor. The presence of protein kinase inhibitor H7 during the preincubation of nuclei with the monomer and protein factor inhibited cutinase gene transcription. These results suggest that cutin monomer causes phosphorylation of a transcription factor that binds to the -225 to -360 segment of the cutinase gene and enhances transcription of this gene.
UPLC and LC-MS Studies on Degradation Behavior of Irinotecan Hydrochloride and Development of a Validated Stability-Indicating Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatographic Method for Determination of Irinotecan Hydrochloride and its Impurities in Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms (2012)

The objective of the current investigation was to study the degradation behavior of irinotecan hydrochloride under different International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) recommended stress conditions using ultra-performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and to establish a validated stability-indicating reverse-phase ultra-performance liquid chromatographic method for the quantitative determination of irinotecan hydrochloride and its seven impurities and degradation products in pharmaceutical dosage forms. Irinotecan hydrochloride was subjected to the stress conditions of oxidative, acid, base, hydrolytic, thermal and photolytic degradation. Irinotecan hydrochloride was found to degrade significantly in oxidative and base hydrolysis and photolytic degradation conditions. The degradation products were well resolved from the main peak and its impurities, thus proving the stability-indicating power of the method. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a Waters Acquity BEH C8 (100 × 2.1 mm) 1.7-µm column with a mobile phase containing a gradient mixture of solvent A (0.02M KH(2)PO(4) buffer, pH 3.4) and solvent B (a mixture of acetonitrile and methanol in the ratio of 62:38 v/v). The mobile phase was delivered at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min with ultraviolet detection at 220 nm. The run time was 8 min, within which irinotecan and its seven impurities and degradation products were satisfactorily separated. The developed method was validated as per ICH guidelines with respect to specificity, linearity, limit of detection, limit of quantification, accuracy, precision and robustness. This method was also suitable for the assay determination of irinotecan hydrochloride in pharmaceutical dosage forms.
Mutation of the Gene for <i>I</i> sK Associated With Both Jervell and Lange-Nielsen and Romano-Ward Forms of Long-QT Syndrome (1998)

These data provide strong evidence that KCNE1 mutations represent a fifth LQTS locus (LQT5). Further functional analysis, as well as the identification of more LQTS patients with KCNE1 mutations, will be important to confirm the role of IsK in LQTS.
&lt;title&gt;Hyperspectral compression using spectral signature matching with error encoding&lt;/title&gt; (1996)

Hyperspectral image data present increasing challenges to current transmission bandwidth and storage capabilities. The large amounts of spectrally redundant information present in these data make hyperspectral compression techniques extremely attractive. This paper presents a hyperspectral compression algorithm which was designed to maintain the spectral accuracy needed for standard hyperspectral analytical techniques. Spectral accuracy is maintained through an approach that extracts and separately codes the hyperspectral signatures present in each pixel.
Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy: Do neurotrophins play a role? (2009)

Although the molecular defect of facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is well established and involves the contraction of the polymorphic 3.3 kb D4Z4 repeat on the subtelomeric region of chromosome 4q35, the pathologic effects of this deletion remain largely unknown. As a consequence, no specific treatment for FSHD is at present available. Thus, there is the need to explore new areas in an attempt to better characterize pathophysiological alterations in FSHD that might be useful for managing the disease. Neurotrophins (nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, neurotrophin-3, and neurotrophin-4/5) are a class of proteins involved in the development, maintenance, and function of neurons of the peripheral and central nervous systems. In addition, neurotrophins and their RNAs are expressed in muscle, where they have a role in development and regeneration. In this article we put together the experimental evidence that indicates neurotrophins might be involved in the pathophysiology of FSHD and discuss the possible implications of this assumption.
Data analytics using cloud computing (2017)

Ours is a data centric world. Organizations around the globe are looking for ways to exploit the propulsive growth of data to find ways of exploring previously hidden insights so as to publish new revenue streams, gaining operational efficiencies and understanding customer needs better. Analytics comes to the rescue and with the aid of Cloud Computing it aids to explore this paradigm to a previously unimaginable extent. In this paper we discuss presently available and practiced methods to perform Cloud Analytics.
Lymphoproliferative disorders in an IL-7 transgenic mouse line. (1993)

A high incidence of severe lymphoproliferative disease was observed in a newly generated strain of mice carrying murine IL-7 as a transgene under the control of the E alpha (MHC class II) promoter. An analysis of the cells from lesions in these mice shows the selective expansion of cells at an early stage of B cell development and, more interestingly, expansion of cells phenotypically identical to the recently reported bipotent (B/macrophage) stem cell populations described in midgestation embryonic liver. Such cells can be propagated (and remain dependent upon) bone marrow feeder cell lines obtained from IL-7 transgenic mice. A molecular analysis of fresh and cultured cells reveals that the lesions are oligoclonal, or in rare cases monoclonal, and include clones of cells with unrearranged Ig heavy chain loci. These data suggest that IL-7 acts at multiple stages of B cell development. Furthermore cell lines derived from IL-7 transgenic mice may provide a novel source of rare factor-dependent bipotent stem cells.
Morphology and Bond Strength of Copper Wafer Bonding (2003)

The morphology and bond strength of copper-bonded wafer pairs prepared under different bonding/annealing temperatures and durations are presented. The interfacial morphology was examined by transmission electron microscopy while the bond strength was examined from a diesaw test. Physical mechanisms explaining the different roles of postbonding anneals at temperatures above and below 300°C are discussed. A map summarizing these results provides a useful reference on process conditions suitable for actual microelectronics fabrication and three-dimensional integrated circuits based on Cu wafer bonding. © 2003 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Carbohydrate-recognition domains of galectin-9 are involved in intermolecular interaction with galectin-9 itself and other members of the galectin family (2007)

Galectin-9 (Gal-9) is a tandem-repeat-type member of the galectin family associated with diverse biological processes, such as apoptosis, cell aggregation, and eosinophil chemoattraction. Although the detailed sugar-binding specificity of Gal-9 has been elucidated, molecular mechanisms that underlie these functions remain to be investigated. During the course of our binding study by affinity chromatography and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis, we found that human Gal-9 interacts with immobilized Gal-9 in the protein-protein interaction mode. Interestingly, this intermolecular interaction strongly depended on the activity of the carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD), because the addition of potent saccharide inhibitors abolished the binding. The presence of multimers was also confirmed by Ferguson plot analysis of result of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser-desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS). Moreover, this intermolecular interaction was observed between Gal-9 and other galectin members, such as Gal-3 and Gal-8, but not Gal-1. Because such properties have not been reported yet, they may explain an unidentified mechanism underlying the diverse functions of Gal-9.
Enhanced Wi-Fi Fingerprinting with Building Structure and User Orientation (2012)

Wi-Fi fingerprinting has been accepted as a common solution to indoor positioning. However, due to signal fluctuation and external interference, Wi-Fi fingerprinting suffers from aliasing, which may result in degradation of accuracy and being undistinguishable of different floors in a multi-floor environment. This paper proposes two algorithms trying to eliminate or minimize the problems and improve the accuracy and stability of positioning results. The first algorithm models the interior building structure as a connected graph and applies it to the Bayesian positioning algorithm. Experiments in a multi-floor building show that the enhanced algorithm is able to improve the accuracy and stability obviously and reduce wrong estimations of floors effectively. The second algorithm integrates user orientation into the Bayesian positioning algorithm and the experimental results are quite promising. As a conclusion, this paper summarizes the common issues that should be considered when deploying a Wi-Fi fingerprinting system.