gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modification of tumor cells by a low dose of Newcastle Disease Virus. (1988)

The present study elucidates the mechanism whereby viral xenogenization of highly metastatic ESb lymphoid tumor cells increases tumor immunogenicity and syngeneic tumor-specific T cell responses in comparison to nonmodified tumor cells. It was found that the frequency of cytotoxic T lymphocytes specific for the Esb tumor-associated transplantation antigen (TATA) and the cytotoxic anti-tumor activity in bulk cultures of immune spleen cells were significantly increased (by factor 3 and 25, respectively) when using virus-modified tumor cells. An amplified response was observed both in vivo and in vitro which might explain the demonstrated effectiveness of this approach for postoperative immunotherapy of ESb metastases. For the stimulation of tumor-specific cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL) the ESb tumor cells which are highly metastatic were infected with an avirulent strain of the paramyxovirus Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV). Infection of ESb cells with low amounts of NDV was sufficient to lead to an increase in cytolytic activity of tumor-specific CTL after sensitization in vivo and restimulation in vitro. In a sensitive limiting dilution mixed leukocyte-tumor cell microculture system the direct effect of viral modification on the frequency and specificity of CTL was investigated. The number of ESb-specific CTL per spleen could be raised from about 3300 (without modification) to 9100 by both in vivo and in vitro application of ESb-NDV. One application of ESb-NDV (in vivo or in vitro) increased the number of CTL to 4900 and 4600, respectively. In split-type experiments it could be shown at the clonal level that viral modification did not alter the specificity of ESb-specific CTL.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The validity of the static charge sensitive bed in detecting obstructive sleep apnoeas (1988)

The demand for polysomnographic recordings associated with respiratory control exceeds the capacity of the few existing sleep disorder centres and therefore a simple and inexpensive method is needed for screening and diagnosing sleep-related breathing disorders. The static charge sensitive bed (SCSB) permits long-term recordings of body movements, respiratory movements and the ballistocardiogram (BCG) without electrodes or cables being attached to the subject. The aim of the present study was to test the validity of this particular method in detecting obstructive sleep apnoeas without airflow measurements. Simultaneous SCSB and spirometer recordings were compared in fourteen sleep apnoea patients and six controls. The mean sensitivity of the SCSB method to detect the obstructive apnoeas was 0.92-0.98. The specificity to detect 2 min apnoea epochs was 0.61-0.68 in the apnoea group, while in the control group it was 0.99-1.00. According to this study, the SCSB detects the obstructive events without always distinguishing between severe periodic hypopnoeas and obstructive apnoeas. The sensitivity of the SCSB makes it valuable for screening subjects suspected of having obstructive sleep apnoeas. Further studies will concentrate on a more detailed analysis of the various respiratory, BCG and body movement patterns, which may lead to additional information on the severity of the upper airway obstruction.
Metallocorroles as cytoprotective agents against oxidative and nitrative stress in cellular models of neurodegeneration (2010)

Water-soluble iron, and manganese(III) complexes of corroles and porphyrins were examined with regard to their neuroprotective/neurorescue activities by using various neuronal cytotoxic models of oxidative and nitrative stress. The present study demonstrates that the metallocorroles significantly protect human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y and mouse motor neuron-neuroblastoma fusion NSC-34 cell lines against neurotoxicity induced by either the peroxynitrite donor 3-morpholinosydnonimine or the parkinsonism-related neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine. The neuronal survival effect is further reflected by the prevention of 3-morpholinosydnonimine-induced protein nitration, inhibition of caspase 3 activation, as well as attenuation of 6-hydroxydopamine-mediated decrease in growth associated protein-43 levels. The iron(III) corrole, but not manganese (III) corrole, also significantly promotes neuronal survival of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2))-impaired SH-SY5Y and NSC-34 cells. A substantial superiority of the metallocorroles relative to the corresponding porphyrin complexes is revealed in all examined aspects. These results highlight the large potential of corrole complexes as novel agents for therapeutic approaches in degenerative disorders of the central and peripheral nervous systems, where oxidative and nitrative stresses are involved.
Improvement of pattern collapse issue by additive-added D.I. water rinse process (2003)

Reduction of critical dimension in lithography technology is aggressively promoted. At the same time, further resist thickness reduction is being pursued to increase the resolution capabilities of resist. However, thin film has its limitation because of etch requirements etc. As that result, the promotion of reduction results in increasing the aspect ratio, which leads to pattern collapse. It is well known that at drying step in developing process the capillary effect operates the photoresist pattern. If the force of the capillary effect is greater than the aggregation force of the resist pattern, the pattern collapse is generated. And the key parameters of the capillary effect are the space width between patterns, the aspect ratio, the contact angle of the D.I water rinse and the surface tension of rinse solution. Among these parameters the surface tension of rinse solution can be controlled by us. On the other hand, we've already reported that the penetration of TMAH and D.I water into the resist plays an important role on the lithographic latitude. For example, when we use the resist which TMA ion can be easily diffuse into, D.I water and TMA ion which are penetrated in the resist decreases the aggregation force of resist pattern and causes the pattern collapse even by the weak force against resist pattern. These results indicate that the swelling of photoresist by TMA ion and water is very important factor for controlling the pattern collapse. Currently, two methods are mainly tried to reduce the surface tension of rinse solution: SCF (Super Critical Fluid) and addition of additive to D.I water rinse. We used the latter method this time, because this technique has retrofittability and not special tool. And in this evaluation, we found that the degree of suppressing pattern collapse depends on the additive chemistry or formulation. With consideration given to process factors such as above, we investigated what factors contribute to suppressing pattern collapse for each resist platform when using additive-added rinse solutions. This report describes the results of our examinations and discussions of the pattern collapse mechanism.
Formamide modified polyacrylamide gels for DNA sequencing by capillary gel electrophoresis (1992)

Compressions are occasionally found during the separation of DNA sequencing fragments, particularly in G/C-rich regions and in gels operated at room temperature. Addition of at least 10% formamide to urea/polyacrylamide sequencing gels improves the denaturing capacity of the gel, minimizing compressions. Addition of 20% or more formamide decreases the separation rate, theoretical plate count, and resolution for normally migrating fragments. An optimum concentration of 10% formamide improves resolution of compressed regions without degrading the other characteristics of the gel. Operation of gels at room temperature simplifies the engineering associated with automated sequencers based on capillary gel electrophoresis.
Identification of New Diterpenoids from <i>Euphorbia calyptrata</i> Cell Cultures (1996)

Four new diterpenoids, helioscopinolides F (2), H (4), I (5), and L (6), were isolated from three different cultured cell lines of Euphorbia calyptrata var. involucrata. Helioscopinolide B (1) and jolkinolide E (3), previously found in Euphorbia helioscopia and Euphorbia jolkini, respectively, were also isolated from the same cultures. Structures were identified by spectroscopic methods.
Role of antibiotics in the management of inflammatory bowel disease: a review. (2005)

The current model of pathogenesis for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a dysregulated immune system that is triggered by an environmental factor in a genetically susceptible individual. Although much about this model remains unproven, it is believed that bacteria are often the environmental factor driving the inflammatory response. This is supported by indirect evidence that antibiotics are of benefit in the treatment of Crohn's disease (CD) and pouchitis, and observations that enteric infections may result in activation of ulcerative colitis disease activity. In CD, limited studies have demonstrated that metronidazole, ciprofloxacin, and rifaximin improve clinical disease activity, and this is more pronounced in the treatment of colonic disease and for perianal fistulas (with metronidazole and ciprofloxacin). In addition, limited evidence supports the use of metronidazole in the prevention of recurrence after resection in CD. Antibiotics have not shown substantial benefit in the treatment of ulcerative colitis, but a variety of antimicrobial agents have a definite role in the treatment of acute and recurrent or chronic pouchitis. The absence of specifically identified organisms that are primarily responsible for the observed clinical picture remains the challenge to confirming the relationship between bacteria and IBD. A proposal for future therapies is provided that might include a combination therapy aimed at both a reduction in pathogenetic bacteria and immune modulation to achieve the most durable remission of disease.
Swormlure: Development and Use in Detection and Suppression Systems for Adult Screwworm (Diptera: Calliphoridae) (1982)

Journal Article Swormlure: Development and Use in Detection and Suppression Systems for Adult Screwworm (Diptera: Calliphoridae) Get access J. Wendell Snow, J. Wendell Snow Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar James R. Coppedge, James R. Coppedge Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Alberto B. Broce, Alberto B. Broce Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar John L. Goodenough, John L. Goodenough Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Harold E. Brown Harold E. Brown Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Bulletin of the Entomological Society of America, Volume 28, Issue 3, 15 September 1982, Pages 277–285, https://doi.org/10.1093/besa/28.3.277 Published: 15 September 1982
Proliferation of B cell malignancies in all stages of differentiation upon stimulation in the 'CD40 system'. (1996)

Stimulation of the CD40 antigen on normal B cells by crosslinking of anti-CD40 mAbs via their Fc receptor using a Fc gamma RII(CD32)-transfected mouse fibroblast cell line ('CD40 system') results in activation and proliferation. Not only normal B cells, but also malignant B cells fitting in the low-grade malignancy category such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), hairy cell leukemia and follicular lymphoma could be induced to proliferation upon CD40 stimulation. Here, the 'CD40 system' has also been used to culture intermediate and high grade malignancies. Proliferation was measured by 3H-thymidine incorporation and cell counting after culture. Time curves showed that at day 7 most cultures were optimal. By flow cytometry, morphology and assessment of light chain restriction the monoclonal nature of the cultured B cells was proven. We confirmed that B cell malignancies with a more slowly evolving course, such as CLL (n=11), PLL (n=5), and low-grade NHL (immunocytoma and follicular cb/cc n=9), could successfully be cultured in the 'CD40 system'. In contrast, four out of seven cases of mantle cell lymphoma did not proliferate. Cases of precursor B lineage ALL (n=7), high grade NHL (n=3) and multiple myeloma (n=10) showed a heterogenous growth pattern. We conclude that the 'CD40 system', although not always successful, is a useful tool to culture a whole variety of B cell malignancies.
Secure Embedded Processing through Hardware-Assisted Run-Time Monitoring (2005)

Security is emerging as an important concern in embedded system design. The security of embedded systems is often compromised due to vulnerabilities in "trusted" software that they execute. Security attacks exploit these vulnerabilities to trigger unintended program behavior, such as the leakage of sensitive data or the execution of malicious code. In this work, we present a hardware-assisted paradigm to enhance embedded system security by detecting and preventing unintended program behavior. Specifically, we extract properties of an embedded program through static program analysis, and use them as the bases for enforcing permissible program behavior in real-time as the program executes. We present an architecture for hardware-assisted run-time monitoring, wherein the embedded processor is augmented with a hardware monitor that observes the processor's dynamic execution trace, checks whether the execution trace falls within the allowed program behavior, and flags any deviations from the expected behavior to trigger appropriate response mechanisms. We present properties that can be used to capture permissible program behavior at different levels of granularity within a program, namely inter-procedural control flow, intra-procedural control flow, and instruction stream integrity. We also present a systematic methodology to design application-specific hardware monitors for any given embedded program. We have evaluated the hardware requirements and performance of the proposed architecture for several embedded software benchmarks. Hardware implementations using a commercial design flow, and architectural simulations using the SimpleScalar framework, indicate that the proposed technique can thwart several common software and physical attacks, facilitating secure program execution with minimal overheads.
Synergy of photoacoustic and fluorescence flow cytometry of circulating cells with negative and positive contrasts (2012)

In vivo photoacoustic (PA) and fluorescence flow cytometry were previously applied separately using pulsed and continuous wave lasers respectively, and positive contrast detection mode only. This paper introduces a real-time integration of both techniques with positive and negative contrast modes using only pulsed lasers. Various applications of this new tool are summarized, including detection of liposomes loaded with Alexa-660 dye, red blood cells labeled with Indocyanine Green, B16F10 melanoma cells co-expressing melanin and green fluorescent protein (GFP), C8161-GFP melanoma cells targeted by magnetic nanoparticles, MTLn3 adenocarcinoma cells expressing novel near-infrared iRFP protein, and quantum dot-carbon nanotube conjugates. Negative contrast flow cytometry provided label-free detection of low absorbing or weakly fluorescent cells in blood absorption and autofluorescence background, respectively. The use of pulsed laser for time-resolved discrimination of objects with long fluorescence lifetime (e.g., quantum dots) from shorter autofluorescence background (e.g., blood plasma) is also highlighted in this paper. The supplementary nature of PA and fluorescence detection increased the versatility of the integrated method for simultaneous detection of probes and cells having various absorbing and fluorescent properties, and provided verification of PA data using a more established fluorescence based technique.
Genetic analysis of the human cytochrome P450 CYP2C9 locus (1996)

Cytochrome P450 CYP2C9 metabolizes a wide variety of clinically important drugs, including phenytoin, tolbutamide, warfarin and a large number of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Previous studies have shown that even relatively conservative changes in the amino acid composition of this enzyme can affect both its activity and substrate specificity. To date six different human CYP2C9 cDNA sequences, as well as the highly homologous CYP2C10 sequence have been reported suggesting that the CYP2C9 gene is polymorphic. Only nine single base substitutions in the coding region of CYP2C9 account for the differences seen between the CYP2C9 proteins. In this report we have developed polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assays to distinguish all seven sequences, and have determined their allele frequencies in the Caucasian population. Of the seven sequences studied in one hundred individuals only three appeared to be CYP2C9 alleles. These alleles termed CYP2C9*1, CYP2C9*2 and CYP2C9*3 had allele frequencies of 0.79, 0.125 and 0.085 respectively. The CYP2C10 gene could not be found in any of the samples studied. The assays developed here will allow the prediction of CYP2C9 phenotype, thus identifying those individuals who may exhibit different drug pharmacokinetics for CYP2C9 substrates.
Current and future systemic treatment options in metastatic pancreatic cancer. (2014)

Although pancreatic adenocarcinoma is the fourth leading cause of cancer death, only modest improvement has been observed in the past two decades, single agent gemcitabine has been the only standard treatment in patients with advanced disease. Recently newer agents such as nab-paclitaxel, nimotuzumab and regimens such as FOLFIRINOX have been shown to have promising activity being superior to gemcitabine as a single agent. With better understanding of tumour biology coupled with the improvements in targeted and immunotherapies, there is increasing expectation for better response rates and extended survival in pancreatic cancer.
Sequence analysis of the Streptococcus mutans fructosyltransferase gene and flanking regions (1988)

The nucleotide sequence of the ftf gene from Streptococcus mutants GS-5 was determined. The deduced amino acid sequence indicates that the unprocessed fructosyltransferase gene product has a molecular weight of 87,600. A typical streptococcal signal sequence is present at the amino terminus of the protein. The processed enzyme is relatively hydrophilic and has a pI of 5.66. An inverted repeat structure was detected upstream from the ftf gene and may function in the regulation of fructosyltransferase expression. Sequencing of the regions flanking the gene revealed the presence of four other putative open reading frames (ORFs). Two of these, ORFs 2 and 3, appear to code for low-molecular-weight proteins containing amino acid sequences sharing homology with several gram-positive bacterial DNA-binding proteins. In addition, ORF 3 is transcribed from the ftf DNA coding strand. Partial sequencing of ORF 4 suggests that its gene product may be an extracellular protein.
Identification of a Universal Group B <i>Streptococcus</i> Vaccine by Multiple Genome Screen (2005)

Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a multiserotype bacterial pathogen representing a major cause of life-threatening infections in newborns. To develop a broadly protective vaccine, we analyzed the genome sequences of eight GBS isolates and cloned and tested 312 surface proteins as vaccines. Four proteins elicited protection in mice, and their combination proved highly protective against a large panel of strains, including all circulating serotypes. Protection also correlated with antigen accessibility on the bacterial surface and with the induction of opsonophagocytic antibodies. Multigenome analysis and screening described here represent a powerful strategy for identifying potential vaccine candidates against highly variable pathogens.
p27 and Leukemia: Cell Cycle and Beyond (2014)

Cell division is the foundation to development and the regulation of cell cycle progression is therefore of paramount importance to the living organisms. Primary control of cell cycle is achieved by an array of cyclins and cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs). The functions of these cyclin-CDK complexes are again regulated by a host of cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKI). Till date CDKIs are broadly classified into two groups-INK4 family (p15, p16, p18, and p19) and the cip/kip family (p21, p27, and p57). Collectively these CDKIs regulate the progression from G1 to S phase of cell cycle. This review summarizes the functions of p27 while highlighting its emerging roles in leukemia.
Alcohol-Assisted Phosphine Catalysis:  One-Step Syntheses of Dihydropyrones from Aldehydes and Allenoates (2008)

This paper describes the phosphine-catalyzed annulation of methyl allenoate with various aromatic aldehydes to form 6-aryl-4-methoxy-5,6-dihydro-2-pyrones. In this reaction, the addition of an alcohol was necessary to induce dihydropyrone formation, with the optimal agent being methanol. Moreover, the addition of n-butyllithium suppressed the formation of the noncyclized product, leading to the exclusive isolation of the dihydropyrone. This method provides an efficient, one-step route toward disubstituted dihydropyrones from simple, stable starting materials.
The healing of autologous bone grafts after varying degrees of surgical trauma. A microscopic and histochemical study in the rabbit (1980)

Tibial grafts in rabbits were studied using a microscopic technique in vivo that made it possible to photograph the "graft to be" at the donor site and then subsequently to observe the same graft repeatedly at the host site. With this method the effects on the graft tissues of varying degrees of surgical trauma have been tested. The period of follow-up ranged between 14 and 300 days. The grafts removed with minimal trauma showed a more rapid rapid of revascularisation. In this group the first vessels appeared on average seven days after grafting, whereas they took 15 days in the grafts which were more severely traumatised. Bone remodelling started when the vascular density resembled the more pattern and this occurred earlier and much more rapidly in the minimally injured grafts. It correlated with the presence of surviving cells, as shown by histochemical tests, and a causal relationship is suggested. It is concluded that control of trauma is important not only in the preparation of the host bed but also in procurement of the graft. Suggestions are given on techniques to minimise the surgical trauma.
Total Synthesis of (-)-Thiangazole and Structurally Related Polyazoles (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTotal Synthesis of (-)-Thiangazole and Structurally Related PolyazolesPeter Wipf and Srikanth VenkatramanCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 22, 7224–7229Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00127a030https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00127a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views533Altmetric-Citations64LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts