gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of nanoparticle-doped homeotropic liquid crystal devices (2008)

We have found that nanoparticles of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) can induce vertical alignment in nematic liquid crystal (LC) cells as long as the doped weight percentage of POSS in the LC cells is higher than ∼1%. Such nanoparticle-induced vertical alignment (NIVA) is a very suitable technique for application in the low-temperature fabrication of plastic LC displays. The dynamic process of LC orientation from randomly parallel alignment to vertical alignment was recorded, and it is posited that the POSS NIVA is due to the adsorption of POSS on the inner surfaces of the LC cells. The influence of the POSS concentration on the electro-optical properties and dielectric constant of LC cells was also investigated and the results indicate that LC cells doped with ∼1 wt% POSS provide the best electro-optical performance.
Rice protein concentrate meal as potential dietary ingredient in practical diets for blackspot seabream (<i>Pagellus bogaraveo</i>) (2007)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the performances and the flesh quality of Pagellus bogaraveo fed with diets containing rice protein concentrate [RPC, 70% crude protein (CP) and 10% ether extract]. Three isoproteic and isoenergetic (CP 47%, 22 MJ/kg DM) diets were formulated with an increasing level of RPC: 0%, 20% and 35%. The fish (mean weight 75 g) from the Messina Straits were randomly distributed in 12 tanks (3 diets x 4 replications, 10 fish/tank). The daily ratio (1.5% of the fish biomass) was updated every 15 days. Biomass gain showed an opposite trend to the RPC diet inclusion. No differences appeared in the somatic indexes. Differences appeared between fatty acid profiles of the dorsal muscle. Fatty acid of series n-6 increased and fatty acid of series n-3 decreased in fillets of fish fed with increasing levels of RPC. The inclusion of RPC in the diets, as a partial replacement of fish meal (20%), is possible without affecting the growth performance and fillet quality.
A Random Graph Model for Power Law Graphs (2001)

We propose a random graph model which is a special case of sparserandom graphs with given degree sequences which satisfy a power law. This model involves only a small number of paramo eters, called logsize and log-log growth rate. These parameters capture some universal characteristics of massive graphs. From these parameters, various properties of the graph can be derived. For example, for certai n ranges of the parameters, we wi II compute the expected distribution of the sizes of the connected components which almost surely occur with high probability. We illustrate the consistency of our model with the behavior of some massive graphs derived from data in telecommunications. We also discuss the threshold function, the giant component, and the evolution of random graphs in this model.
Defect consideratons for robust sparse coding using memristor arrays (2015)

The performance of a memristor network with defects is investigated on a sparse coding task. It was found that moderate levels SA0 faults do not significantly impact algorithm performance, while SA1 faults effectively reduce dictionary size.
A measurement error evaluation method of videometrics (2011)

Videometrics can measure the displacement, distortion of the objects, and get the movement parameters by several views. As an optical measurement method, there are several advantages such as the high accurate results, no need contact with the objects, wide measurement range and so on. In general, the definition criteria of videometrics is evaluated by the following two ways: the first one is to get the image reprojection error which can be calculated by comparing the image coordinates of the cooperation targets with the reprojection image coordinates of the calculated 3D positions of the cooperation targets after camera calibration, the second one is to get the 3D reprojection error which calculate the space distances of the calculated 3D positions of the cooperation targets and the projection lines which pass the optical center and the image point of the corresponding targets after camera calibration. The two methods actually obtain some kinds of calibration errors, the real measurement errors are not the same. A measurement error evalution method is proposed by using the classical adjustment method. Firstly, the calibration process of the videometric is deduced from the differential form of the collinear function which regards the 3D positions of the cooperation targets and its coordinates in the image plane as the known values and supposes that the mean-squared deviations of them are known. Secondly, according to the classical adjustment method, the normal function and its weight matrix are known; the parameters and the mean-squared errors of the camera such as focus length, principle point, and etc. can be calculated. Thirdly, According to the values from the second step, and transform the differential function in the first step, the errors of the measurement can be calculated. The evaluation of the videometrics measurement errors is deduced from the three steps above and can be calculated when the cameras are ready to measure the objects and the cooperative targets are known. The simulation and experiment shows the proposed method is reasonable and efficient.
Bridging Music and Image via Cross-Modal Ranking Analysis (2016)

Human perceptions of music and image are closely related to each other, since both can inspire similar human sensations, such as emotion, motion, and power. This paper aims to explore whether and how music and image can be automatically matched by machines. The main contributions are three aspects. First, we construct a benchmark dataset composed of more than 45 000 music-image pairs. Human labelers are recruited to annotate whether these pairs are well-matched or not. The results show that they generally agree with each other on the matching degree of music-image pairs. Secondly, we investigate suitable semantic representations of music and image for this cross-modal matching task. In particular, we adopt lyrics as a middle-media to connect music and image, and design a set of lyric-based attributes for image representation. Thirdly, we propose cross-modal ranking analysis (CMRA) to learn the semantic similarity between music and image with ranking labeling information. CMRA aims to find the optimal embedding spaces for both music and image in the sense of maximizing the ordinal margin between music-image pairs. The proposed method is able to learn the non-linear relationship between music and image, and to integrate heterogeneous ranking data from different modalities into a unified space. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art cross-modal methods in the music-image matching task, and achieves a consistency rate of 91.5% with human labelers.
AIDS-ASSOCIATED MYCOPLASMAS (1994)

Previously, we hypothesized that mycoplasmas could act as cofactors accelerating the progression of HIV disease. In the present paper, we review the current knowledge on three mycoplasmas (Mycoplasma fermentans, M. penetrans, and M. pirum) that have been implicated as these putative cofactors. All three mycoplasmas have been isolated from patients with HIV infection, and serological studies have suggested that the presence of M. penetrans could be associated with HIV infection. These mycoplasmas share the capacity to hydrolyze arginine and ferment glucose as well as to attach to and invade eukaryotic cells. The possible mechanisms that could allow mycoplasmas to influence HIV pathogenesis, specifically through the activation of the immune system or the production of superantigen or by contributing to the oxidative stress observed in HIV-infected subjects, are discussed. These studies have offered and will continue to offer major contributions to a better understanding of mycoplasmal flora in humans and have begun to unveil some of the mechanisms of virulence of these organisms.
Supporting research collaboration through bi-level file synchronization (2012)

In this paper, we describe the design and use of Cimetric, a file synchronization application that supports scholarly collaboration. The system design incorporates results of earlier studies that suggest replicating content on a user's personal devices may have different characteristics than replicating content to share it with collaborators. To realize this distinction, Cimetric performs bi-level synchronization: it synchronizes local copies of a versioned repository among collaborators' computers, while it separately synchronizes private working files between each user's personal devices. Through a year's worth of in-house use of Cimetric in a variety of configurations, we were able to investigate key file synchronization issues, including the role of cloud storage given the ability to sync between peers; the strengths and weaknesses of a bi-level design; and which aspects of the synchronization process to reveal to users.
TRaX: A Multicore Hardware Architecture for Real-Time Ray Tracing (2009)

Threaded Ray eXecution (TRaX) is a highly parallel multithreaded multicore processor architecture designed for real-time ray tracing. The TRaX architecture consists of a set of thread processors that include commonly used functional units (FUs) for each thread and that share larger FUs through a programmable interconnect. The memory system takes advantage of the application's read-only access to the scene database and write-only access to the frame buffer output to provide efficient data delivery with a relatively simple memory system. One specific motivation behind TRaX is to accelerate single-ray performance instead of relying on ray packets in single-instruction-multiple-data mode to boost throughput, which can fail as packets become incoherent with respect to the objects in the scene database. In this paper, we describe the TRaX architecture and our performance results compared to other architectures used for ray tracing. Simulated results indicate that a multicore version of the TRaX architecture running at a modest speed of 500 MHz provides real-time ray-traced images for scenes of a complexity found in video games. We also measure performance as secondary rays become less coherent and find that TRaX exhibits only minor slowdown in this case while packet-based ray tracers show more significant slowdown.
Deterioration mechanism of lemon flavor. 2. Formation mechanism of off-odor substances arising from citral (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDeterioration mechanism of lemon flavor. 2. Formation mechanism of off-odor substances arising from citralKeiko Kimura, Hiroyuki Nishimura, Ihei Iwata, and Junya MizutaniCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1983, 31, 4, 801–804Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00118a030https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00118a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views664Altmetric-Citations86LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
marA, a regulated locus which controls expression of chromosomal multiple antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli (1991)

Stable chromosomal multiple-antibiotic-resistant (Mar) mutants of Escherichia coli, derived by exposing susceptible cells to low concentrations of tetracycline or chloramphenicol, express cross-resistance to structurally unrelated antibiotics. The entire resistance phenotype is reversed to susceptibility by insertion of transposon Tn5 into a locus, designated marA, near 34 min on the chromosome (A. M. George and S. B. Levy, J. Bacteriol. 155:541-548, 1983). Strains in which 39 kbp of chromosomal DNA, including marA, had been deleted were unable to produce Mar mutants. The deletion strain could be complemented in trans by introduction of intact marA+ on plasmid F'506. Junction fragments from a strain containing marA::Tn5 were cloned, exploiting kanamycin resistance on Tn5 for selection. They were used as probes to search a phasmid library of E. coli K-12 for recombinants containing the marA+ region. Two phasmids which contained regions hybridizing to this probe were identified and shown to complement delta marA in a deletion strain. From one phasmid, several marA-containing fragments were cloned: those of greater than or equal to 7.8 kbp restored the ability to form Mar mutants in a deletion strain. These Mar mutants were shown to be dependent on the cloned marA fragment. Chromosomal as well as recombinant Mar mutants showed increased expression of a marA-specific mRNA species of about 1.4 kb, which was barely or not detectable in wild-type strains. Exposure of mutants and, to a lesser extent, parental strains to tetracycline or chloramphenicol resulted in elevated levels of mRNA which hybridized to the marA probe. These results indicate that the marA locus is needed for production of Mar mutants and is regulated, responding to at least two antibiotics to which it controls resistance.
Stromal Expression of Jagged 1 Promotes Colony Formation by Fetal Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells (1998)

The Notch signaling system regulates proliferation and differentiation in many tissues. Notch is a transmembrane receptor activated by ligands expressed on adjacent cells. Hematopoietic stem cells and early progenitors express Notch, making the stromal cells which form cell-cell contacts with progenitor cells candidate ligand-presenting cells in the hematopoietic microenvironment. Therefore, we examined primary stromal cell cultures for expression of Notch ligands. Using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry, and Western blotting, we demonstrate expression of Jagged 1 in primary stromal cultures. To investigate if the stromal expression of Jagged 1 has functional effects on hematopoietic progenitors, we cultured CD34(+), c-kit+ hematopoietic progenitor cells derived from the aorto gonadal mesonephros region of day 11 mouse embryos on the Jagged 1(-) stromal cell line S17 and on S17 cells engineered to express Jagged 1. The presence of Jagged 1 increased the number of colonies formed in subsequent methylcellulose culture fourfold. Larger increases in colony numbers were observed under the same culture conditions with CD34(+), c-kit+ hematopoietic progenitor cells derived from d11 fetal liver. These results obtained in vitro table Jagged 1 as a candidate regulator of stem cell fate in the context of stromal microenvironments in vivo.
Piglet: an operating system for network appliances (2001)

Advances in the performance of commodity hardware and acceptance of open-source software have recently led to the increased use of systems based upon a combination thereof as network appliances. The principal thesis of this dissertation is that such appliances can operate more efficiently if their operating system is designed specifically for that task. I present Piglet as a novel design for such an operating system, and describe its implementation and evaluation in such a context. The core of the Piglet architecture is the Active Kernel. A dedicated kernel processor provides concurrency between kernel and applications and enables asynchronous shared-memory communication. The use of shared objects for all communication between applications and the kernel permits Piglet to offer much more efficient mechanisms for the invocation of system services than a conventional kernel. The experimental results presented herein demonstrate how these fundamental kernel features make Piglet a more efficient operating system for network appliances: reduced latency for individual operations and increased aggregate data throughput. In addition to detailing microbenchmark results to support those claims, I show how an existing web server application can readily make use of those enhancements to achieve a performance boost over standard operating systems. Finally, this dissertation examines, both quantitatively and qualitatively, some of the challenges and problems presented by the implementation of the Piglet architecture, and proposes solutions and/or architectural changes to address those concerns.
2016 Paid Leave Analysis Grant Program: Frequently Asked Questions (2016)

FAQs.pdf: 12 downloads, before Oct. 1, 2020.
Local area navigation using sonar feature extraction and model based predictive control (2002)

This paper demonstrates a method to navigate an autonomous underwater vehicle in a local area using an acoustic sensor for position information derived from feature detection. A dynamic model of the vehicle response is used for control between location updates. Favorable results have been found using this approach, and precision positioning of the vehicle to centimeters has been accomplished. Another part of the problem is the need to provide a high frequency update of vehicle position in order to close the positioning servo loops. Using sonar image feature extraction is necessarily time consuming and therefore is performed in a tactical level process providing asynchronous data to the tactical navigator. It follows that some form of fast dead reckoning must be performed in the execution level either by INS/Doppler or by water speed and heading data or by a model based predictor. This paper deals with the use of a model based predictor technique where knowledge of the dynamic model of the vehicle provides state information to the vehicle positioning control function. The model uncertainty provides errors of course, but these are corrected through asynchronous updates from the feature extracted positions in the tactical level sonar manager. This concept has been verified by both simulation studies and by experimental validation with the NPS Phoenix vehicle.
‘Self-Protection’ of Individual CD4+ T Cells against R5 HIV-1 Infection by the Synthesis of Anti-Viral CCR5 Ligands (2008)

It is well established that paracrine secretion of anti-viral CCR5 ligands by CD8+ and CD4+ T cells can block the infection of activated CD4+ T cells by R5 and dual-tropic isolates of HIV-1. By contrast, because CD4+ T cells can be infected by HIV-1 and at least some subsets secrete anti-viral CCR5 ligands, it is possible that these ligands protect against HIV-1 via autocrine as well as paracrine pathways. Here we use a model primary CD4+ T cell response in vitro to show that individual CD4+ T cells that secrete anti-viral CCR5 ligands are 'self-protected' against infection with R5 but not X4 strains of HIV-1. This protection is selective for CD4+ T cells that secrete anti-viral CCR5 ligands in that activated CD4+ T cells in the same cultures remain infectable with R5 HIV-1. These data are most consistent with an autocrine pathway of protection in this system and indicate a previously unappreciated selective pressure on the emergence of viral variants and CD4+ T cell phenotypes during HIV-1 infection.
Submillisecond Optical Reporting of Membrane Potential <i>In Situ</i> Using a Neuronal Tracer Dye (2009)

A major goal in neuroscience is the development of optical reporters of membrane potential that are easy to use, have limited phototoxicity, and achieve the speed and sensitivity necessary for detection of individual action potentials in single neurons. Here we present a novel, two-component optical approach that attains these goals. By combining DiO, a fluorescent neuronal tracer dye, with dipicrylamine (DPA), a molecule whose membrane partitioning is voltage-sensitive, optical signals related to changes in membrane potential based on FRET (Förster resonance energy transfer) are reported. Using DiO/DPA in HEK-293 cells with diffraction-limited laser spot illumination, depolarization-induced fluorescence changes of 56% per 100 mV (tau approximately 0.1 ms) were obtained, while in neuronal cultures and brain slices, action potentials (APs) generated a Delta F/F per 100 mV of >25%. The high sensitivity provided by DiO/DPA enabled the detection of subthreshold activity and high-frequency APs in single trials from somatic, axonal, or dendritic membrane compartments. Recognizing that DPA can depress excitability, we assayed the amplitude and duration of single APs, burst properties, and spontaneous firing in neurons of primary cultures and brain slices and found that they are undetectably altered by up to 2 microm DPA and only slightly perturbed by 5 microm DPA. These findings substantiate a simple, noninvasive method that relies on a neuronal tracer dye for monitoring electrical signal flow, and offers unique flexibility for the study of signaling within intact neuronal circuits.
Resonant-structure micromotors (2003)

Resonant-structure micromotors operate on the principle of mechanical resonance, so that the armature is driven for maximum displacement and power. The application of resonance in motors is placed in historical perspective and the scaling issues for such resonant systems are identified and quantified. Along with a conventional, tensile-element resonant-structure, an novel, crab-leg flexure system is described, and the stress and flexural spring constant formulas are derived.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Transmit beamforming for a large reconfigurable antenna array (2005)

Many space-time transmission schemes have been proposed recently to exploit the high channel capacity from the MIMO communication systems. However, algorithms for a large antenna array (LAA) remain an open research problem. The standard channel estimation and space-time modulation schemes are not practical for LAAs due to high implementation complexity. In this paper, we propose a novel transmit beamforming scheme based on a reconfigurable LAA. Compared to the traditional schemes, our new scheme requires a much smaller number of radio frequency (RF) chains, yet it still enjoys the high performance offered from the LAA. Based on a reconfigurable LAA, we present a pilot assisted round robin channel estimation algorithm. With this estimation algorithm, the tracking of the fading channel is significantly simplified at the mobile station. We then introduce an adaptive transmit beamforming algorithm based on relative channel phase feedback at the transmitter. For a time varying Rayleigh fading channel, we investigate the system SNR as a function of the latency of the round robin channel estimation and derive the optimal training duration for given mobile speed. Finally, numerical simulations show that the proposed scheme accomplishes superior performance for various kinds of time varying Rayleigh fading channels. Overall, the proposed system enjoys good performance, high flexibility, low cost as well as low power consumption at both the base station and mobile station.