gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Naturally occurring antibodies against nine common antigens in human sera. I. Detection, isolation and characterization. (1982)

Abstract A serum pool from 800 healthy donors and individual samples from three healthy donors were passed through tubulin, actin, thyroglobulin, myoglobin, fetuin, transferrin, albumin, cytochrome c, and collagen immunoadsorbent columns. Proteins were eluted from all the immunoadsorbents and were found to be essentially composed of the three major Ig classes and albumin. Isolated Ig fractions were studied by competitive and noncompetitive enzyme immunoassays and were shown to bind specifically to the antigens via their Fab fragment. When the isolated antibodies were tested by a noncompetitive assay, anti-tubulin antibodies were found to bind exclusively to tubulin, whereas the others bound mainly to their respective homologous antigens and to a lesser extent to one or more other antigens. When the isolated antibodies were examined by a competitive assay, they fell into three groups: The first group, consisting of anti-tubulin and anti-thyroglobulin, was only inhibited by their respective antigens. The second group was comprised of anti-actin, anti-myoglobin, and anti-fetuin; antibodies mainly inhibited by their respective antigens, but also to a significant degree by two or three additional antigens; thus, the reaction between anti-actin antibodies and immobilized actin was chiefly inhibited by actin, but tubulin and thyroglobulin also inhibited to some extent. The third antibody group consisted of anti-albumin, anti-transferrin, anti-collagen, and anti-cytochrome c, which bound specifically to the antigens but were only inhibited slightly or not at all by their respective antigens. Finally, immunocytologic staining showed antibody binding to constituents present in normal human cells. These results strongly suggest that natural antibodies against the nine antigens examined are present in normal human serum, and indicate that natural antibodies directed against a great variety of antigens—often self antigens—might be present in normal serum.
Mutans Streptococci in Plaque from Margins of Amalgam, Composite, and Glass-ionomer Restorations (1990)

Levels of mutans streptococci in plaque samples from margins of Class II amalgam (Dispersalloy), composite (P-10), and glass-ionomer (Ketac Silver) restorations were compared. Fifty-one children, each having one of the restorations in a permanent first molar, were part of an inter-individual comparison, giving 17 restorations of each material. The age of the children, the age of the restorations, and the salivary levels of mutans streptococci were comparable in the three groups. Another seven children--each having both a composite and a glass-ionomer restoration of the same age placed on contralateral premolar or molar teeth--were part of an intra-individual comparison. The percentage mutans streptococci of total CFU count in plaque was higher on composite (mean 13.7) and amalgam (mean 4.3) than on glass-ionomer (mean 1.1) restorations in the inter-individual comparison, and higher on composite (mean 4.2) than on glass-ionomer (mean 0.4) restorations in the intra-individual comparison. In both comparisons, the differences in values between samples from glass-ionomer restorations and samples from composite or amalgam restorations were statistically significant (p less than 0.05).
Applied Laser Medicine (2004)

The <i>Journal of Biomedical Optics</i> (JBO) is an open access journal that publishes peer-reviewed papers on the use of novel optical systems and techniques for improved health care and biomedical research.
Synthesis and radical ring-opening polymerization of a vinylcyclopropane bearing a cyclic carbonate moiety, 1-vinyl-5,7-dioxaspiro[2.5]octan-6-one (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and radical ring-opening polymerization of a vinylcyclopropane bearing a cyclic carbonate moiety, 1-vinyl-5,7-dioxaspiro[2.5]octan-6-oneFumio Sanda, Toshikazu Takata, and Takeshi EndoCite this: Macromolecules 1994, 27, 14, 3986–3991Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00092a045https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00092a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views332Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Impact of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on the Gut Microbiota (2017)

Long-term dietary habits play a crucial role in creating a host-specific gut microbiota community in humans. Despite the many publications about the effects of carbohydrates (prebiotic fibers), the impact of dietary fats, such as omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), on the gut microbiota is less well defined. The few studies completed in adults showed some common changes in the gut microbiota after omega-3 PUFA supplementation. In particular, a decrease in <i>Faecalibacterium</i>, often associated with an increase in the <i>Bacteroidetes</i> and butyrate-producing bacteria belonging to the <i>Lachnospiraceae</i> family, has been observed. Coincidentally, a dysbiosis of these taxa is found in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Omega-3 PUFAs can exert a positive action by reverting the microbiota composition in these diseases, and increase the production of anti-inflammatory compounds, like short-chain fatty acids. In addition, accumulating evidence in animal model studies indicates that the interplay between gut microbiota, omega-3 fatty acids, and immunity helps to maintain the intestinal wall integrity and interacts with host immune cells. Finally, human and animal studies have highlighted the ability of omega-3 PUFAs to influence the gut-brain axis, acting through gut microbiota composition. From these findings, the importance of the omega-3 connection to the microbiota emerges, encouraging further studies.
Engineering mRNA stability in E. coli by the addition of synthetic hairpins using a 5′ cassette system (1997)

An expression system has been developed for the introduction of DNA cassettes into the region between the transcription and translation start sites of a gene of interest. This cassette system was used to engineer mRNA stability through the introduction of hairpins at the 5′ end. A synthetic DNA cassette was designed so that the resulting mRNA hairpin would be positioned one nucleotide from the 5′ mRNA end. The hairpin-containing mRNA exhibited a half-life 3 times that of the mRNA with no hairpin, resulting in increases in both mRNA and protein levels. These results indicate that it is possible to engineer mRNA stability as an additional means of controlling gene expression. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 55: 557–580, 1997
Ribitol Teichoic Acid Synthesis in Bacteriophage-resistant Mutants of Staphylococcus aureus H (1970)

Abstract Teichoic acid synthesis was examined in two types of phage-resistant mutants of Staphylococcus aureus H that have altered cell wall composition. In type I mutants (52A2, 52A4, 52B2) which lack N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) on the cell wall ribitol teichoic acid, the CDP-ribitol:acceptor phosphoribitoltransferase was normal but no UDP-GlcNAc:poly(ribitol phosphate) GlcNAc-transferase activity was detected. Revertants of type I mutants recovered the normal levels of GlcNAc in the teichoic acid as well as GlcNAc-transferase activity. Type II mutants (52A5, 52A7, M3, M9) lacked ribitol teichoic acid in the cell wall and no ribitol phosphate polymer was detected in any other cell fraction or in the spent medium. Despite the lack of ribitol teichoic acid, normal activities in vitro of phosphoribitoltransferase and GlcNAc-transferase were found in these mutants. Compared to the parent strain, trichloracetic acid extracts of type II mutants contained high levels of CDP-ribitol. The lack of ribitol teichoic acid in the cell wall is caused presumably by some defect in the membrane or in some unknown factor required in the polymerization or attachment step of the teichoic acid to murein.
Control of variable-speed variable-pitch wind turbine with doubly-fed induction generator under highly turbulent conditions (2012)

Highly turbulent wind condition such as wind gusts with speed change can lead to large loads on the turbine and unnecessary turbine shut-downs by the supervisory system due to rotor overspeeds. Wind turbine control during such winds is a very difficult task that often can't be efficiently accomplished by classical wind turbine control system. This paper presents a novel approach of torque control intended for a variable-speed variable-pitch wind turbine with doubly-fed induction generator operation during strong and gusty winds. The approach relies on a combined use of generator electromagnetic torque and pitch control. Additionally, a ripple torque technique was adopted to increase the drive train damper to avoid gearbox vibration. From the GH-Bladed simulation results on different control schemes, the proposed approach is capable of preventing rotor overspeed and can also reduce the loads of drive train.
Safety evaluation of a natural eggshell membrane-derived product (2012)

Natural Eggshell Membrane (NEM®) is a novel dietary ingredient that contains naturally occurring glycosaminoglycans and proteins essential for maintaining healthy joint and connective tissues. NEM® was evaluated for safety via in vitro and in vivo toxicological studies. This included testing for cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, acute oral toxicity, and 90-day repeated-dose oral toxicity. NEM® did not exhibit any cytotoxic effects at a dose of 100 μg in an in vitro human cell viability assay after incubation for up to 20 h. NEM® did not exhibit any genotoxic effects in an in vitro assay of four strains of histidine-dependent Salmonella typhimurium and one strain of tryptophan-dependent Escherichia coli at a dose of up to 5000 μg/plate. NEM® did not exhibit any signs of acute toxicity in rats at a single oral dose of up to 2000 mg/kg body weight, nor signs of toxicity (via urinalysis, hematology, clinical chemistry, or histopathological evaluation) in rats at a repeated oral dose of up to 2000 mg/kg body weight per day for 90 days. The results of these studies suggest that NEM® may be safe for human consumption.
CpG Drives Human Transitional B Cells to Terminal Differentiation and Production of Natural Antibodies (2008)

The receptor TLR9, recognizing unmethylated bacterial DNA (CpG), is expressed by B cells and plays a role in the maintenance of serological memory. Little is known about the response of B cells stimulated with CpG alone, without additional cytokines. In this study, we show for the first time the phenotypic modification, changes in gene expression, and functional events downstream to TLR9 stimulation in human B cell subsets. In addition, we demonstrate that upon CpG stimulation, IgM memory B cells differentiate into plasma cells producing IgM Abs directed against the capsular polysaccharides of Streptococcus pneumoniae. This novel finding proves that IgM memory is the B cell compartment responsible for the defense against encapsulated bacteria. We also show that cord blood transitional B cells, corresponding to new bone marrow emigrants, respond to CpG. Upon TLR9 engagement, they de novo express AID and Blimp-1, genes necessary for hypersomatic mutation, class-switch recombination, and plasma cell differentiation and produce Abs with anti-pneumococcal specificity. Transitional B cells, isolated from cord blood, have not been exposed to pneumococcus in vivo. In addition, it is known that Ag binding through the BCR causes apoptotic cell death at this stage of development. Therefore, the ability of transitional B cells to sense bacterial DNA through TLR9 represents a tool to rapidly build up the repertoire of natural Abs necessary for our first-line defense at birth.
Identification of potent human anti‐IL‐1RI antagonist antibodies (2004)

Interleukin-1 (IL-1) blockade by IL-1 receptor antagonist benefits some arthritis patients by reducing joint damage. This fact inspired us to develop antagonist human therapeutic antibodies against IL-1R(I) using phage libraries that display single-chain variable fragment (scFv) antibody fragments. Panning libraries against human IL-1R(I) generated 39 unique scFv-phage whose binding to IL-1R(I) was competed by IL-1 ligands. Fifteen of these scFv-phage, identified using IL-1R(I)-binding assays and dissociation rate ranking, were reformatted as scFv-Fc and IgG(4) molecules. The ease of producing antibodies in the scFv-Fc format permitted rapid identification of four lead clones (C10, C13, C14, C15) that inhibit NF-kappaB nuclear translocation induced by IL-1. Reformatting these clones as IgG(4) molecules increased their inhibition potency by </=24-fold. C10 IgG(4) is the most potent antagonist of IL-1alpha (26 nM IC(50)) and IL-1beta (18 nM IC(50)) in the NF-kappaB bioassay, although less potent than IL-1ra ( approximately 0.4 nM IC(50)). C10 is the highest affinity clone for human IL-1R(I) (K(D) approximately 60 nM). Flow cytometry indicates that several lead clones bind cell-surface cynomolgus or murine IL-1R(I), characteristics advantageous for preclinical toxicology and efficacy studies. This study demonstrates the utility of scFv-Fc fusion proteins for rapid screening of clones derived from phage libraries to identify antibody leads with therapeutic potential.
A case for online mixed workload processing (2010)

Database systems in the context of business data processing are segmented into two categories: those intended for online transaction processing (OLTP) and those for online analytical processing (OLAP). Over the last 15 years, database management system (DBMS) proposals directly addressing one of those categories were most represented in terms of academic publications and variety of commercial products in the domain of enterprise computing.
Efficient Estimation in Nonlinear Autoregressive Time-Series Models (1997)

This paper discusses ef®cient estimation for a class of nonlinear time-series models with unknown error densities.It establishes local asymptotic normality in this semi-parametric setting.This is then used to describe ef®cient estimates and to discuss the question of adaptation.Stein's necessary condition for adaptive estimation is satis®ed if the error densities are symmetric, but is also satis®ed in some models with asymmetric error densities.The paper gives several methods of constructing ef®cient estimates.These results are then applied to construct ef®cient estimators in SETAR(2; 1, 1), EXPAR(1) and ARMA(1, 1) models.We observe that adaptation is not possible in the SETAR(2; 1, 1) model with asymmetric errors while the ef®cient estimators in the ARMA(1, 1) model are adaptive even for asymmetric error densities.Section 8 contains a result that is useful in verifying the continuity of the stationary density with respect to the underlying parameters.
High-Sensitivity Detection of Fiber Bends: 1-μm-Band Mode-Detection OTDR (2015)

We propose a measurement system based on optical time-domain reflectometry (OTDR) that offers high-sensitivity detection of bend location in a standard single-mode (SM) fiber. This technique, which employs 1-μm-band probe pulse, i.e., below the cut-off wavelength of SM fiber, enables us to individually observe the fundamental (LP <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">01</sub> ) and the second-order (LP <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</sub> ) modes of the backscattered light generated in the two-mode region of the SM fiber, using a key technical advance is a mode-selective coupler designed for optimal 1-μm-band operation. Analyzing the loss distribution of the backscattered LP <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</sub> mode realizes the high-sensitivity detection of the fiber bend location without suffering degradations from the modal dispersion. We perform experiments for the four kinds of widely-used SM fibers, and demonstrate the proof-of-concept; a comparison is made with the conventional OTDR operating at the wavelength of 1650 nm.
Investigation of cell lineage and differentiation in the extraembryonic endoderm of the mouse embryo. (1982)

The technique of injecting genetically labelled cells into blastocysts was used in an attempt to determine whether the parietal and visceral endoderm originate from the same or different cell populations in the early embryo. When the developmental potential of 5th day primitive ectoderm and primitive endoderm cells was compared thus, only the latter were found to colonize the extraembryonic endoderm. Furthermore, single primitive endoderm cells yielded unequivocal colonization of both the parietal and the visceral endoderm in a proportion of chimaeras. However, in the majority of primitive endodermal chimaeras, donor cells were detected in the parietal endoderm only, cases of exclusively visceral colonization being rare. Visceral endoderm cells from 6th and 7th day post-implantation embryos also exhibited a striking tendency to contribute exclusively to the parietal endoderm following blastocyst injection. The above findings lend no support to a recent proposal that parietal and visceral endoderm are derived from different populations of inner cell mass cells. Rather, they suggest that the two extraembryonic endoderm layers originate from a common pool of primitive endoderm cells whose direction of differentiation depends on their interactions with non-endodermal cells.
The retinoid-inducible gene I: effect on apoptosis and mitogen-activated kinase signal pathways. (2002)

The RIG1 fusion proteins exhibited growth suppressive and apoptosis-inducing activity. The protein negatively-regulated signal pathways of extracellular signal-regulated kinase, c-Jun N-terminal kinase and p38 mitogen-activated kinase.
Cysteamine, the Molecule Used To Treat Cystinosis, Potentiates the Antimalarial Efficacy of Artemisinin (2010)

Malaria continues to be a major threat to global health. Artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) is the recommended treatment for clinical malaria; however, recent reports of parasite resistance to artemisinin in certain areas where malaria is endemic have stressed the need for developing more efficacious ACT. We report that cysteamine (Cys), the aminothiol used to treat nephropathic cystinosis in humans, strongly potentiates the efficacy of artemisinin against the Plasmodium parasite in vivo. Using a mouse model of infection with Plasmodium chabaudi AS, we observe that Cys dosing used to treat cystinosis in humans can strongly potentiate (by 3- to 4-fold) the antimalarial properties of the artemisinin derivatives artesunate and dihydroartemisinin. Addition of Cys to suboptimal doses of artemisinin delays the appearance of blood parasitemia, strongly reduces the extent of parasite replication, and significantly improves survival in a model of lethal P. chabaudi infection. Cys, the natural product of the enzyme pantetheinase, has a history of safe use for the clinical management of cystinosis. Our findings suggest that Cys could be included in novel ACTs to improve efficacy against Plasmodium parasite replication, including artemisinin-resistant isolates. Future work will include clinical evaluation of novel Cys-containing ACTs and elucidation of the mechanism underlying the potentiation effect of Cys.
GW-501516 GlaxoSmithKline/Ligand. (2006)

GlaxoSmithKline and Ligand are developing GW-501516, a peroxisome proliferator-activator receptor-delta agonist for the potential treatment of dyslipidemia. Phase II clinical trials of this compound are ongoing.
A research of data stratification algorithm based on semi-supervised clustering (2015)

A novel data stratification algorithm based on semi-supervised clustering algorithm was proposed. This proposed algorithm can automatically cluster undiagnosed people to no risk, low risk, medium risk and high risk level. Compared with traditional unsupervised clustering named K-Means algorithm and semi-supervised clustering methods that named Seeded Kmeans, COP-Kmeans and PC-Kmeans, the sensitivity of proposed method in this research, called MKKZ-PCKmeans, increased by about 11% as the results shown. This method can simply and quickly get the risk stratification of type II diabetes mellitus for the crowd who are unable to carry out the blood test. Meanwhile, this method can be used in other applications on data processing, especially in space information network.
Activation of Protein Kinase A Inhibits Interferon Induction of the Jak/Stat Pathway in U266 Cells (1996)

Activation of early response genes by interferons (IFNs) requires tyrosine phosphorylation of the Stat transcription factors and is mediated by the Jak family of tyrosine kinases. Recent evidence suggests that ERK2 serine/threonine kinase modulates the IFN-stimulated Jak/Stat pathway. In this report we show that in the myeloma cell line U266 protein kinase A specifically interacts with the cytoplasmic domain of the IFNalpha/beta receptor. Treatment of cells with the adenylate cyclase activator forskolin inhibits IFNbeta-, IFNgamma-, and hydrogen peroxide/vanadate-induced formation of complexes that bind to enhancers known to stimulate the expression of IFN-regulated genes. Immunoprecipitations followed by anti-phosphotyrosine immunoblots indicate that tyrosine phosphorylation of the alpha chain of the IFNalpha/beta receptor, Jak1, Tyk2, as well as Stat1 and Stat2 is reduced as a consequence of incubation of cells with forskolin. In contrast, dideoxyforskolin, which fails to activate adenylate cyclase, has no effect on IFN induction of the Jak/Stat pathway. These results indicate a novel regulatory mechanism by which protein kinase A can modulate the Jak/Stat signaling cascade.
Fecal Microbial Transplant Effect on Clinical Outcomes and Fecal Microbiome in Active Crohnʼs Disease (2015)

This is the first study to demonstrate that FMT for CD may be a possible therapeutic option for CD. Further prospective studies are required to fully assess the safety and efficacy of the FMT in patients with CD.
A physical gel made from hyperbranched polymer gelator (2007)

A novel hyperbranched polymer gelator has been synthesized, which can self-assemble into the thermoreversible physical gel in DMF, DMAC, pyridine, DMSO or NMP with the driving force of hydrogen bonds among amide and amine groups of the highly branched macromolecules.