gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Angiopoietin-1, Unlike Angiopoietin-2, Is Incorporated into the Extracellular Matrix via Its Linker Peptide Region (2001)

Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) and angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) affect angiogenesis differently during embryogenesis and tumorigenesis. In an attempt to understand the molecular basis underlying the distinct roles of those two homologous molecules, we investigated the association of Ang-1 and Ang-2 with the extracellular matrix (ECM). TA3 murine mammary carcinoma (TA3) and Lewis lung carcinoma cells expressing v5 epitope-tagged Ang-1 and Ang-2 were used in our studies. The results indicated that Ang-1 is secreted and incorporated into the ECM of the tumor cells, whereas Ang-2 is not associated with the ECM. The mutagenesis study indicated the domain that is responsible for the ECM association of Ang-1 is the linker peptide region between the coiled-coil and the fibrinogen-like domains. A weak binding between the coiled-coil domain of Ang-1 and the ECM was observed. Immunocytochemistry study revealed a distinct ECM distribution pattern of Ang-1, which is quite different from that of fibronectin, laminin, and collagen types I and IV. The ECM-associated Ang-1 proteins are released, and Tie-2 receptors are phosphorylated upon the adhesion of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Implications of the difference in the ECM association of Ang-1 and Ang-2, which are related to the regulation of angiopoietin activity and their roles in local versus distant angiogenesis during tumor metastasis, are discussed.
The Utility of Hedgehog Signaling Pathway Inhibition for Cancer (2012)

The Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway has been implicated in tumor initiation and metastasis across different malignancies. Major mechanisms by which the Hh pathway is aberrantly activated can be attributed to mutations of members of Hh pathway or excessive/inappropriate expression of Hh pathway ligands. The Hh signaling pathway also affects the regulation of cancer stem cells, leading to their capabilities in tumor formation, disease progression, and metastasis. Preliminary results of early phase clinical trials of Hh inhibitors administered as monotherapy demonstrated promising results in patients with basal cell carcinoma and medulloblastoma, but clinically meaningful anticancer efficacy across other tumor types seems to be lacking. Additionally, cases of resistance have been already observed. Mutations of SMO, activation of Hh pathway components downstream to SMO, and upregulation of alternative signaling pathways are possible mechanisms of resistance development. Determination of effective Hh inhibitor-based combination regimens and development of correlative biomarkers relevant to this pathway should remain as clear priorities for future research.
Sulfonic acid functionalised ordered mesoporous materials as catalysts for condensation and esterification reactions (1998)

Mesoporous silicas were functionalised with sulfonic acid groups; the resulting materials are excellent catalysts for formation of bisfurylalkanes and polyol esters.
Lowering Inferred Cluster Magnetic Field Strengths: The Radio Galaxy Contributions (2003)

We present a detailed examination of the relationship between the magnetic field structures and the variations in Faraday Rotation across PKS1246-410, a radio source in the Centaurus cluster of galaxies, using data from Taylor, Fabian and Allen. We find a significant relationship between the intrinsic position angle of the polarization and the local amount of Faraday Rotation. The most plausible explanation is that most or all of the rotation is local to the source. We suggest that the rotations local to cluster radio galaxies may result from either thermal material mixed with the radio plasma, or from thin skins of warm, ionized gas in pressure balance with the observed galaxy or hot cluster atmospheres. We find that the contribution of any unrelated cluster Rotation Measure variations on scales of 2 - 10 arcsec are less than 25 rad/m^2; the standard, although model dependent, derivation of cluster fields would then lead to an upper limit of approximately 0.4 microGauss on these scales. Inspection of the distributions of Rotation Measure, polarisation angle and total intensity in 3C75, 3C465 and Cygnus A also shows source-related Faraday effects in some locations. Many effects can mask the signatures of locally-dominated RMs, so the detection of even isolated correlations can be important, although difficult to quantify statistically. In order to use radio sources such as shown here to derive {\it cluster-wide} magnetic fields, as is commonly done, one must first remove the local contributions; this is not possible at present.
A new version of the two-hybrid assay for detection of protein-protein interactions (1995)

Journal Article A new version of the two-hybrid assay for detection of protein-protein interactions Get access Bertrand Le Douarin, Bertrand Le Douarin Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS/INSERM/ULP, Collége de FranceBP163-67404 Illkirch Cedex, C.U. de Strasbourg, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Benoît Pierrat, Benoît Pierrat Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS/INSERM/ULP, Collége de FranceBP163-67404 Illkirch Cedex, C.U. de Strasbourg, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Elmor vom Baur, Elmor vom Baur Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS/INSERM/ULP, Collége de FranceBP163-67404 Illkirch Cedex, C.U. de Strasbourg, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Pierre Chambon, Pierre Chambon Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS/INSERM/ULP, Collége de FranceBP163-67404 Illkirch Cedex, C.U. de Strasbourg, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Régine Losson Régine Losson * Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS/INSERM/ULP, Collége de FranceBP163-67404 Illkirch Cedex, C.U. de Strasbourg, France * To whom correspondents should be addressed Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 23, Issue 5, 11 March 1995, Pages 876–878, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/23.5.876 Published: 11 March 1995 Article history Received: 07 December 1994 Revision received: 17 January 1995 Accepted: 17 January 1995 Published: 11 March 1995
Lipid signal extraction by SLIM: Application to <sup>1</sup>H MR spectroscopic imaging of human calf muscles (2006)

The measurement of intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) using in vivo (1)H MRS is important for better understanding muscle physiology. However, the accurate measurement of IMCL in muscle adjacent to subcutaneous fat (SF) and bone marrow (BM) is often hampered by contaminations from the fat. In this article a new postacquisition processing method is proposed that selectively removes unwanted lipid signals based on the spectral localization by imaging (SLIM) technique, which can localize spectra from arbitrarily shaped regions. The effectiveness of this lipid extraction method is demonstrated by both computer simulation and in vivo experiments in the human calf. The advantage of this method is that unwanted lipid signal, such as SF signal, can be selectively and completely removed. After the contaminating fat signals are removed, the quality of muscle spectra adjacent to SF improves such that it becomes comparable to that in uncontaminated muscle regions in (1)H MRSI of the calf.
Ultrahigh-Gain Photodetectors Based on Atomically Thin Graphene-MoS2 Heterostructures (2014)

Due to its high carrier mobility, broadband absorption, and fast response time, the semi-metallic graphene is attractive for optoelectronics. Another two-dimensional semiconducting material molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) is also known as light- sensitive. Here we show that a large-area and continuous MoS2 monolayer is achievable using a CVD method and graphene is transferable onto MoS2. We demonstrate that a photodetector based on the graphene/MoS2 heterostructure is able to provide a high photogain greater than 10(8). Our experiments show that the electron-hole pairs are produced in the MoS2 layer after light absorption and subsequently separated across the layers. Contradictory to the expectation based on the conventional built-in electric field model for metal-semiconductor contacts, photoelectrons are injected into the graphene layer rather than trapped in MoS2 due to the presence of a perpendicular effective electric field caused by the combination of the built-in electric field, the applied electrostatic field, and charged impurities or adsorbates, resulting in a tuneable photoresponsivity.
Modulation of B‐cell activation by the B subunit of <i>Escherichia coli</i> enterotoxin: receptor interaction up‐regulates MHC class II, B7, CD40, CD25 and ICAM‐1 (1997)

The B subunits of cholera toxin (CtxB) and Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (EtxB) are non-toxic lectins that bind and cross-link a ubiquitous cell glycolipid receptor, ganglioside GM1, and are recognized as potent mucosal and systemic immunogens. Here we examine the role of EtxB receptor occupancy in modulating the activation of B cells, in vitro, in primary lymphocyte cultures containing B and T cells. When 48-hr spleen cell cultures containing EtxB were compared with those in the presence of a non-receptor binding mutant, EtxB(G33D), a marked shift in the ratio of CD4+ T cells: B cells was noted. Evidence suggested that this was the result of either enhanced survival or proliferation of B cells associated with receptor occupancy by EtxB. Investigation revealed that EtxB induced only a minimal increase in proliferation above that of EtxB(G33D), in mixed cell cultures, and failed to induce any cell division of purified B cells or T cells. In contrast, receptor-binding by EtxB markedly up-regulated the expression of major histocompatability complex (MHC) class II, B7, intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), CD40 and CD25 on the B-cell surface. These results indicate that the polyclonal effects of EtxB on B cells are not associated with wide-scale proliferation, but more likely with maintenance of B-cell survival by activation of molecules essential for B-cell differentiation. The findings also highlight the essential role of GM1-interaction with EtxB in the regulation of lymphocyte responses.
Monoclonal Antibodies Against Human Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (1989)

Recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor (hbFGF) was used as an antigen to develop, by a somatic cell fusion technique, four monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), that recognize the complete and amino-terminal truncated form of hbFGF. Isotype identification showed that MAbs designated MAb12 and MAb98 were IgG1; and those designated MAb52 and MAb78 were IgG2b. All these MAbs bound the complete form of hbFGF produced in E.coli. Competition with synthetic polypeptides, a replication of 1-9 aa and of 141-146 aa of hbFGF, and truncated forms of hbFGF by 13 and 40 amino acid residues in its amino-terminal produced in E. coli by recombinant technique, revealed at least two epitopes recognized by the four IgG type MAbs. MAb12 and MAb78 recognized the epitope located within the first 9 amino acid residues at the amino terminal of the complete hbFGF. MAb52 and MAb98 recognized the one located between the amino acid residue no. 14 and 40. None of MAbs bound bovine acidic FGF (aFGF). Using MAb52 or MAb98 and MAb78, a two-site EIA has been developed. This EIA is sensitive enough to detect 0.5 ng/ml of hbFGF. Furthermore, MAb78 was used as a ligand for affinity chromatography to purify hbFGF mutein CS4, which binds weakly to a heparin affinity column.
Confirmation of translatability and functionality certifies the dual endothelin1/VEGFsp receptor (DEspR) protein (2016)

Data confirm translatability of DEspR, the full-length DEspR protein beyond codon#14, and elucidate DEspR-specific functionality. Along with detection of the tryptophan [TGG]-codon#14 within an error-prone compression site, cumulative data demonstrating DEspR protein existence fulfill multiple UNIPROT criteria, thus refuting its pseudogene designation.
Automated Motif Discovery from Glycan Array Data (2012)

Assessing interactions of a glycan-binding protein (GBP) or lectin with glycans on a microarray generates large datasets, making it difficult to identify a glycan structural motif or determinant associated with the highest apparent binding strength of the GBP. We have developed a computational method, termed GlycanMotifMiner, that uses the relative binding of a GBP with glycans within a glycan microarray to automatically reveal the glycan structural motifs recognized by a GBP. We implemented the software with a web-based graphical interface for users to explore and visualize the discovered motifs. The utility of GlycanMotifMiner was determined using five plant lectins, SNA, HPA, PNA, Con A, and UEA-I. Data from the analyses of the lectins at different protein concentrations were processed to rank the glycans based on their relative binding strengths. The motifs, defined as glycan substructures that exist in a large number of the bound glycans and few non-bound glycans, were then discovered by our algorithm and displayed in a web-based graphical user interface ( http://glycanmotifminer.emory.edu ). The information is used in defining the glycan-binding specificity of GBPs. The results were compared to the known glycan specificities of these lectins generated by manual methods. A more complex analysis was also carried out using glycan microarray data obtained for a recombinant form of human galectin-8. Results for all of these lectins show that GlycanMotifMiner identified the major motifs known in the literature along with some unexpected novel binding motifs.
Detection and differentiation of fungi in clinical specimens using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and restriction enzyme analysis (1993)

We have developed a method for processing and detecting fungi in clinical specimens using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methodology. This PCR amplification of a segment of a ribosomal DNA gene results in a 310 bp product. The gene sequences used as amplimers have been highly conserved throughout the fungal kingdom and positive PCR results have been obtained for all genera and species of fungi tested (n = 42). Neither human nor a variety of pathogenic bacteria (n = 24) gave an amplified product. This PCR method can detect as few as 15 cells of Candida albicans in clinical specimens following a simple processing procedure. The sensitivity of the PCR for detecting other fungi remains to be determined. Analysis of the 310 bp amplified product, following digestion with the restriction enzyme HaeIII, can be used to further characterize the identity of the fungus involved into the following five groups: (i) Candida species and closely related yeasts; (ii) Cryptococci and Trichosporon species; (iii) Aspergilli and clinically related septate molds; (iv) the Zygomycetes; and (v) the dimorphic fungi.
Regio‐ and Chemoselective 6′‐N‐Derivatization of Aminoglycosides: Bisubstrate Inhibitors as Probes To Study Aminoglycoside 6′‐<i>N</i>‐Acetyltransferases (2005)

Complex nanomolar inhibitors in one pot: Aminoglycoside–coenzyme A derivatives were prepared through an efficient regioselective 6′-N modification of aminoglycosides (see scheme). These bisubstrates show tight-binding competitive inhibition of aminoglycoside 6′-N-acetyltransferase, an enzyme involved in antibiotic resistance.
Silicon fusion bonding for pressure sensors (2003)

Two novel processes for fabricating silicon piezoresistive pressure sensors are presented. The chips described are used to demonstrate an important silicon/silicon bonding technique called silicon fusion bonding (SFB). Using this technique, single-crystal silicon wafers can be reliably bonded with near-perfect interfaces without the use of intermediate layers. Pressure transducers fabricated with SFB exhibit greatly improved performance over devices made with conventional processes. SFB is also applicable to many other microchemical structures.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Soluble RAGE but not endogenous secretory RAGE is associated with albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes (2007)

This is the first study comparing sRAGE and esRAGE as markers of vascular complications in patients with T2DM. sRAGE but not esRAGE is independently associated with albuminuria in these patients while neither sRAGE nor esRAGE are associated with markers of glucose control or macrovascular disease.
Immunotoxins--entry into cells and mechanisms of action. (1989)

Immunotoxins, that is conjugates of enzymatically active toxins with antibodies against cell surface antigens, are being used in targeted cell destruction. The directed toxin enters the cytosol of the target cells and inactivates components of the protein synthesis machinery. In this review, Sjur Olsnes, Kirsten Sandvig, Ole W. Petersen and Bo van Deurs discuss the mechanism of action of such conjugates and how they enter the cytosol. Emphasis is placed on points that should be considered in the preparation of efficient conjugates.
Chronic constipation: a survey of the patient perspective (2007)

Chronic constipation is common. Individual symptoms are often severe and bothersome, and many patients are dissatisfied with traditional treatment options, primarily because of lack of efficacy.
An adaptive nonlinear filter approach to the vehicle velocity estimation for ABS (2002)

A novel approach to the vehicle velocity estimation for the antilock brake system (ABS) is proposed. To be cost effective, the estimation is solely based on the wheel velocity measurements without any additional information on the vehicle acceleration. This is made possible by employing an adaptive nonlinear filter method, which proves to be simple and effective. Simulation results using field-testing data show that an accurate and smooth estimation for the vehicle velocity is achieved and this method is practically feasible.
Endocytic downregulation of ErbB receptors: mechanisms and relevance in cancer (2008)

ErbB receptors (EGFR (ErbB1), ErbB2, ErbB3, and ErbB4) are important regulators of normal growth and differentiation, and they are involved in the pathogenesis of cancer. Following ligand binding and receptor activation, EGFR is endocytosed and transported to lysosomes where the receptor is degraded. This downregulation of EGFR is a complex and tightly regulated process. The functions of ErbB2, ErbB3, and ErbB4 are also regulated by endocytosis to some extent, although the current knowledge of these processes is sparse. Impaired endocytic downregulation of signaling receptors is frequently associated with cancer, since it can lead to increased and uncontrolled receptor signaling. In this review we describe the current knowledge of ErbB receptor endocytic downregulation. In addition, we outline how ErbB receptors can escape endocytic downregulation in cancer, and we discuss how targeted anti-cancer therapy may induce endocytic downregulation of ErbB receptors.
New directions in multilingual information access (2006)

This workshop attempted to present the state-of-the-art in multilingual information access (MLIA) research and development, including cross-language information retrieval and question-answering and multilingual, multi-document summarization. Our goal was to delineate current research areas as well as suggest new areas for future research and development. The workshop also focused on practical issues of scalability and practical application of MLIA in digital libraries and web portals. In addition to an invited keynote, 17 research and position papers were selected for the proceedings which may be found at http://ucdata.berkeley.edu/sigir2006-mlia.htm.
Observation of isolated nanopores formed by patterned anodic oxidation of aluminum thin films (2006)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Qiyu Huang, Whye-Kei Lye, Michael L. Reed; Observation of isolated nanopores formed by patterned anodic oxidation of aluminum thin films. Appl. Phys. Lett. 5 June 2006; 88 (23): 233112. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2212535 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioApplied Physics Letters Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Toward Designed Singlet Fission: Solution Photophysics of Two Indirectly Coupled Covalent Dimers of 1,3-Diphenylisobenzofuran (2013)

In order to identify optimal conditions for singlet fission, we are examining the photophysics of 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran (1) dimers covalently coupled in various ways. In the two dimers studied presently, the coupling is weak. The subunits are linked via the para position of one of the phenyl substituents, in one case (2) through a CH2 linker and in the other (3) directly, but with methyl substituents in ortho positions forcing a nearly perpendicular twist between the two joint phenyl rings. The measurements are accompanied with density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) calculations. Although in neat solid state, 1 undergoes singlet fission with a rate constant higher than 10(11) s(-1); in nonpolar solutions of 2 and 3, the triplet formation rate constant is less than 10(6) s(-1) and fluorescence is the only significant event following electronic excitation. In polar solvents, fluorescence is weaker because the initial excited singlet state S1 equilibrates by sub-nanosecond charge transfer with a nonemissive dipolar species in which a radical cation of 1 is attached to a radical anion of 1. Most of this charge transfer species decays to S0, and some is converted into triplet T1 with a rate constant near 10(8) s(-1). Experimental uncertainties prevent an accurate determination of the number of T1 excitations that result when a single S1 excitation changes into triplet excitation. It would be one if the charge-transfer species undergoes ordinary intersystem crossing and two if it undergoes the second step of two-step singlet fission. The triplet yield maximizes below room temperature to a value of roughly 9% for 3 and 4% for 2. Above ∼360 K, some of the S1 molecules of 3 are converted into an isomeric charge-transfer species with a shorter lifetime, possibly with a twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) structure. This is not observed in 2.
New Pharmacological Vistas (1995)

Sevoflurane - An Update Desflurane - An Update Inhaled Nitric Oxide New I.V. Induction Agents Newer Mu Opioid Agonists New Agonist/Antagonist Analgesics Alpha II Adrenergic Agonists Drug Interactions in Anaesthesia Focus on Desflurane and Sevoflurane Antiemetics New Muscle Relaxants Recombinant Haemoglobin and Other Blood Substitutes Calcium Channel Antagonists.
A transparent electrode CCD image sensor for a reading aid for the blind (1974)

A detailed investigation of CCD's for application in the optacon reading aid for the blind has been completed. The results of the investigation include an analysis of the performance of the transparent electrode structure and the CCD scanning circuitry used to realize the new type of image sensor.