gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A built-in technique for probing power supply and ground noise distribution within large-scale digital integrated circuits (2005)

Design of noise detector circuits as compact as standard logic cells is proposed. High-density large-scale digital integrated circuits that embed such built-in noise detectors enable in-depth characterization of dynamic power supply and ground noises. Dependence of power supply and ground voltage drops on the location of active cell rows within 1.8-V standard cell-based digital circuits are consistently measured by 1.8- and 2.5-V built-in detectors fabricated in a 0.18-/spl mu/m CMOS triple-well technology. Measurements also show that ground noise distribution is distinctively more localized than power supply counterparts due to the presence of a substrate.
Effect of UV radiation on the reactivity of porous methyl‐doped SiO<sub>2</sub> layers (2010)

Abstract The effect of plasma treatment on the chemical reactivity of the surface of porous layers based on methyl‐doped silicon dioxide is considered. A principal difference between the effects of plasma on materials with the pores of different sizes is demonstrated. It is shown that the VUV irradiation passivates the surface of the layers with smaller pores (1.1 nm in radius), while the films with larger pores (5.5 nm) do not get passivated (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The VideoMouse (1999)

The VideoMouse is a mouse that uses a camera as its input sensor. A real-time vision algorithm determines the six degree-of-freedom mouse posture, consisting of 2D motion, tilt in the forward/back and left/right axes, rotation of the mouse about its vertical axis, and some limited height sensing. Thus, a familiar 2D device can be extended for three-dimensional manipulation, while remaining suitable for standard 2D GUI tasks. We describe techniques for mouse functionality, 3D manipulation, navigating large 2D spaces, and using the camera for lightweight scanning tasks.
No free lunch in data privacy (2011)

Differential privacy is a powerful tool for providing privacy-preserving noisy query answers over statistical databases. It guarantees that the distribution of noisy query answers changes very little with the addition or deletion of any tuple. It is frequently accompanied by popularized claims that it provides privacy without any assumptions about the data and that it protects against attackers who know all but one record. In this paper we critically analyze the privacy protections offered by differential privacy.
Genes encoding the alpha, gamma, delta, and four F0 subunits of ATP synthase constitute an operon in the cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120 (1988)

A cluster of genes encoding subunits of ATP synthase of Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120 was cloned, and the nucleotide sequences of the genes were determined. This cluster, denoted atp1, consists of four F0 genes and three F1 genes encoding the subunits a (atpI), c (atpH), b' (atpG), b (atpF), delta (atpD), alpha (aptA), and gamma (atpC) in that order. Closely linked upstream of the ATP synthase subunit genes is an open reading frame denoted gene 1, which is equivalent to the uncI gene of Escherichia coli. The atp1 gene cluster is at least 10 kilobase pairs distant in the genome from apt2, a cluster of genes encoding the beta (atpB) and epsilon (atpE) subunits of the ATP synthase. This two-clustered ATP synthase gene arrangement is intermediate between those found in chloroplasts and E. coli. A unique feature of the Anabaena atp1 cluster is overlap between the coding regions for atpF and atpD. The atp1 cluster is transcribed as a single 7-kilobase polycistronic mRNA that initiates 140 base pairs upstream of gene 1. The deduced translation products for the Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120 subunit genes are more similar to chloroplast ATP synthase subunits than to those of E. coli.
Porous Silicon‐Based Optical Microsensors for Volatile Organic Analytes: Effect of Surface Chemistry on Stability and Specificity (2010)

Abstract Sensing of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) isopropyl alcohol (IPA) and heptane in air using sub‐millimeter porous silicon‐based sensor elements is demonstrated in the concentration range 50–800 ppm. The sensor elements are prepared as one‐dimensional photonic crystals (rugate filters) by programmed electrochemical etch of p ++ silicon, and analyte sensing is achieved by measurement of the wavelength shift of the photonic resonance. The sensors are studied as a function of surface chemistry: ozone oxidation, thermal oxidation, hydrosilylation (1‐dodecene), electrochemical methylation, reaction with dicholorodimethylsilane and thermal carbonization with acetylene. The thermally oxidized and the dichlorodimethylsilane‐modified materials show the greatest stability under atmospheric conditions. Optical microsensors are prepared by attachment of the porous Si layer to the distal end of optical fibers. The acetylated porous Si microsensor displays a greater response to heptane than to IPA, whereas the other chemical modifications display a greater response to IPA than to heptane. The thermal oxide sensor displays a strong response to water vapor, while the acetylated material shows a relatively weak response. The results suggest that a combination of optical fiber sensors with different surface chemistries can be used to classify VOC analytes. Application of the miniature sensors to the detection of VOC breakthrough in a full‐scale activated carbon respirator cartridge simulator is demonstrated.
Murine anti-swine T4 and T8 monoclonal antibodies: distribution and effects on proliferative and cytotoxic T cells. (1985)

Two murine monoclonal antibodies reactive with porcine nylon wool-nonadherent T cells were examined by flow microfluorometry analysis for cellular distribution, and by functional analysis for their effect on MLR and CTL assays. The two determinants recognized, called PT4 and PT8, were shown to be expressed on almost mutually exclusive cell populations, with only 6 to 15% of T cells expressing both antigens. Among the 15% of nylon wool-nonadherent cells that did not express either PT4 or PT8, 5% were surface Ig+. In functional assays, cells that proliferated to PHA, hen egg lysozyme, and alloantigens were blocked by PT4 and were eliminated by PT4 and complement. PT4 and complement had no effect on CTL effectors or precursors. Reciprocally, PT8 blocked and PT8 and complement eliminated CTL effectors and precursors, but had no effect on proliferative responses. These results indicate that PT4 and PT8 define the porcine helper and cytotoxic T cell subsets, respectively.
<i>N-</i> Methyl- <scp>d</scp> -aspartate antagonists and apoptotic cell death triggered by head trauma in developing rat brain (1999)

Morbidity and mortality from head trauma is highest among children. No animal model mimicking traumatic brain injury in children has yet been established, and the mechanisms of neuronal degeneration after traumatic injury to the developing brain are not understood. In infant rats subjected to percussion head trauma, two types of brain damage could be characterized. The first type or primary damage evolved within 4 hr and occurred by an excitotoxic mechanism. The second type or secondary damage evolved within 6-24 hr and occurred by an apoptotic mechanism. Primary damage remained localized to the parietal cortex at the site of impact. Secondary damage affected distant sites such as the cingulate/retrosplenial cortex, subiculum, frontal cortex, thalamus and striatum. Secondary apoptotic damage was more severe than primary excitotoxic damage. Morphometric analysis demonstrated that the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists 3-(2-carboxypiperazin-4-yl)-propyl-1-phosphonate and dizocilpine protected against primary excitotoxic damage but increased severity of secondary apoptotic damage. 2-Sulfo-alpha-phenyl-N-tert-butyl-nitrone, a free radical scavenger, did not affect primary excitotoxic damage but mitigated apoptotic damage. These observations demonstrate that apoptosis and not excitotoxicity determine neuropathologic outcome after traumatic injury to the developing brain. Whereas free radical scavengers may prove useful in therapy of head trauma in children, N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonists should be avoided because of their propensity to increase severity of apoptotic damage.
Genetic, immunologic, and immunohistochemical analysis of the programmed death 1/programmed death ligand 1 pathway in human systemic lupus erythematosus (2008)

SLE patients display aberrant expression and function of PD-1 attributed to both direct and indirect effects. The expression of PD-1/PDL-1 in renal tissue and during AMLRs suggests an important role in regulating peripheral T cell tolerance.
Generation of a high-fidelity antibody against nerve growth factor using library scanning mutagenesis and validation with structures of the initial and optimized Fab-antigen complexes (2014)

Nerve growth factor (NGF) is indispensable during normal embryonic development and critical for the amplification of pain signals in adults. Intervention in NGF signaling holds promise for the alleviation of pain resulting from human diseases such as osteoarthritis, cancer and chronic lower back disorders. We developed a fast, high-fidelity method to convert a hybridoma-derived NGF-targeted mouse antibody into a clinical candidate. This method, termed Library Scanning Mutagenesis (LSM), resulted in the ultra-high affinity antibody tanezumab, a first-in-class anti-hyperalgesic specific for an NGF epitope. Functional and structural comparisons between tanezumab and the mouse 911 precursor antibody using neurotrophin-specific cell survival assays and X-ray crystal structures of both Fab-antigen complexes illustrated high fidelity retention of the NGF epitope. These results suggest the potential for wide applicability of the LSM method for optimization of well-characterized antibodies during humanization.
Two-hybrid System Screen with the Small GTP-binding Protein Rab6. IDENTIFICATION OF A NOVEL MOUSE GDP DISSOCIATION INHIBITOR ISOFORM AND TWO OTHER POTENTIAL PARTNERS OF Rab6 (1995)

Rab6 is a small GTP-binding protein that belongs to the Ras superfamily and is involved in intra-Golgi transport. Using a two-hybrid system screen of a mouse brain cDNA library, we have isolated several clones encoding proteins that interact with Rab6. Approximately 60% of the clones identified encoded a new mouse Rab GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) isoform. This GDI isoform is distinct from mouse mGDI-1 and mGDI-2, which have been characterized previously, and most likely represents the mouse counterpart of the rat Rab GDI beta isoform. In the two-hybrid system, GDI beta interacts with wild-type Rab6 and Rab5, but not with a GTP-bound Rab6 mutant, or a Rab6 mutant that cannot be post-translationally processed. We further examined whether mouse GDI beta is functional; we show that recombinant mouse GDI beta is able to remove several Rab proteins, including Rab1, Rab2, Rab4, and Rab6, from membranes. The identification of a third GDI isoform in mouse raised the question whether GDI genes belong to a larger multigenic family. We have shown, by Southern blot analysis of genomic DNA, that at least five GDI gene copies exist in both the mouse and rat genomes. In our two-hybrid screen, we have also characterized another clone that specifically interacts with Rab6. This clone was partially sequenced but shows no homology to known sequences. Finally, a third clone, interacting with both Rab5 and Rab6, also appears to encode a novel protein.
Single-pulse ultrafast-laser machining of high aspect nano-holes at the surface of SiO_2 (2008)

Use of high numerical aperture focusing with negative longitudinal spherical aberration is shown to enable deep (> microm), high aspect ratio, nano-scale-width holes to be machined into the surface of a fused-silica (SiO(2)) substrate with single pulses from a 200 fs, 4 microJ Ti-Sapphire laser source. The depths of the nano-holes are characterized by use of a non-destructive acetate replication technique and are confirmed by imaging of sectioned samples with a dual focused ion beam/scanning electron microscope.
The MMT all-sky camera (2006)

The MMT all-sky camera is a low-cost, wide-angle camera system that takes images of the sky every 10 seconds, day and night. It is based on an Adirondack Video Astronomy StellaCam II video camera and utilizes an auto-iris fish-eye lens to allow safe operation under all lighting conditions, even direct sunlight. This combined with the anti-blooming characteristics of the StellaCam's detector allows useful images to be obtained during sunny days as well as brightly moonlit nights. Under dark skies the system can detect stars as faint as 6th magnitude as well as very thin cirrus and low surface brightness zodiacal features such as gegenschein. The total hardware cost of the system was less than $3500 including computer and framegrabber card, a fraction of the cost of comparable systems utilizing traditional CCD cameras.
Remote gate capacitance-voltage studies for noninvasive surface characterization (1987)

A measurement technique has been developed which allows noncontact capacitance-voltage measurements to be made using a gate electrode located remote from the semiconductor surface under study. With gate electrodes ∼0.5 mm in diameter and gate to semiconductor separations ∼1500 Å we have been able to generate data entirely comparable to that obtained with integrated metal-insulator-semiconductor structures but with the advantage that we have access directly to the free-semiconductor surface. We have applied this technique to bulk single-crystal Si and InP samples and have been able to determine the effects of varying chemical treatments on the surface trap densities of the free surface. H2O2, for example, has been shown to create a poor InP surface whereas NRL etchant has yielded a surface seemingly quite close to the ideal.
A Rare Case of Primary Amyloidosis, Presenting with Severe Pulmonary Hypertension and Bilateral Pleural Effusion. (2005)

Abstract Pulmonary arterial hypertension secondary to vascular deposition is a rare presentation of Primary Amyloidosis. The natural history of pulmonary hypertension and concomitant right-sided cardiac failure is not very well understood and is associated with a very short median survival. This syndrome is a marker of advanced Amyloidosis Persistent pleural effusion is another much rarer presentation of pulmonary involvement in Primary Amyloidosis and is secondary to pleural infiltration, which sometimes is difficult to distinguish from the cardiomyopathic causes. The incidence of pleural effusion in primary Amyloidosis is 1–2%. This syndrome also has a very poor prognosis, and has limited response to treatment, however, pleurodesis has been temporarily useful in some cases. Case report: A 74 year old African American female, non-smoker, with history of hypertension, who presented with shortness of breath and persistent productive cough and 18 pounds weight loss for the last six months. The initial chest x-rays showed bilateral pleural effusion and a transudate fluid on analysis. Cardiac workup for an atypical chest pain revealed moderate to severe pulmonary hypertension without myocardial infiltration on 2-D echocardiogram, and normal coronary arteries on cardiac catheterization. Extensive workup did not show any secondary cause of pulmonary hypertension, however, the patient gradually developed nephrotic range proteinuria and kidney biopsy showed infiltration of 10 nm fibrils, involving 3+ segmental mesangium, and 2+ segmental glomerular basement membranes. This was consistent with renal Primary Amyloidosis, AL Lambda type. A random urine and serum sample for immunofixation also revealed an M- spike of 23 mg/dl in gamma region. A concomitant bone marrow biopsy revealed presence of monoclonal IgG lambda plasma cell (CD38 bright) population, without any B-cell or T-cell markers. Conclusion: Pulmonary hypertension and pleural effusion are two rare and lethal presentations of pulmonary involvements in Primary Amyloidosis, and it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of any patient presenting with pulmonary symptoms. There is no definite treatment of these syndromes, although combinations of steroids and melphalan, along with colchicines, vincristine, adriamycin, and thalidomide have been used with minimum satisfactory outcomes. Autologous stem cell transplantation (SCT) provides the opportunity to give higher doses of chemotherapy and may be of benefit in some cases.
Misincorporation of the Proline Analog Azetidine-2-Carboxylic Acid in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis: A Hypothesis (2008)

The misconstruction of proteins as a result of the displacement of one of more proline residues by their congener, azetidine-2-carboxylic acid (Aze), can result in various disorders. A number of lines of evidence suggest that multiple sclerosis may be among these. This concept adheres to the current view that multiple sclerosis lesions originate in the myelin sheath and that the underlying molecular abnormality involves the myelin basic protein. The Aze hypothesis posits that myelin basic protein and possibly other closely related molecules are misassembled in sites of lesion formation because of the substitution of Aze for one or more prolines within consensual epitopes. These include a highly conserved myelin basic protein hexapeptide sequence, PRTPPP, and an alpha helix bounded by prolyls. Recent studies have focused on the immunopathogenetic effects of posttranslational modification of this region. This hypothesis proposes that the domain is structurally, functionally, and antigenically altered by the intrusion of Aze in place of proline and that such misassembly may involve other proteins and adversely affect interactions with neighboring molecules. This report reviews evidence supporting the hypothesis that ingestion of Aze in the diet, in conjunction with genetic susceptibility, may predispose or contribute to the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis.
Privacy-Preserving Machine Learning Algorithms for Big Data Systems (2015)

Machine learning has played an increasing important role in big data systems due to its capability of efficiently discovering valuable knowledge and hidden information. Often times big data such as healthcare systems or financial systems may involve with multiple organizations who may have different privacy policy, and may not explicitly share their data publicly while joint data processing may be a must. Thus, how to share big data among distributed data processing entities while mitigating privacy concerns becomes a challenging problem. Traditional methods rely on cryptographic tools and/or randomization to preserve privacy. Unfortunately, this alone may be inadequate for the emerging big data systems because they are mainly designed for traditional small-scale data sets. In this paper, we propose a novel framework to achieve privacy-preserving machine learning where the training data are distributed and each shared data portion is of large volume. Specifically, we utilize the data locality property of Apache Hadoop architecture and only a limited number of cryptographic operations at the Reduce() procedures to achieve privacy-preservation. We show that the proposed scheme is secure in the semi-honest model and use extensive simulations to demonstrate its scalability and correctness.
A monoclonal antibody-based ELISA for thiabendazole in liver (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleA monoclonal antibody-based ELISA for thiabendazole in liverDavid L. Brandon, Ronald G. Binder, Anne H. Bates, and William C. MontagueCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1992, 40, 9, 1722–1726Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1992https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00021a049Request reuse permissionsArticle Views204Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Differentiation of transiently ischemic from infarcted myocardium by serial imaging after a single dose of thallium-201. (1977)

Myocardial 201Tl uptake and regional blood flow by the microsphere technique were determined in anesthetized dogs undergoing either 20 min of coronary occlusion and 100 min of reperfusion (N = 10) or 120 min of occlusion (N = 4). In both groups, 201Tl was injected intravenously after 10 min of occlusion. In transiently occluded dogs, regional flow at the time of 201Tl administration was reduced to 8 +/- 3% of normal flow in endocardial layers of the central ischemic zone. After 100 min of reperfusion, flow values were not significantly different from normal. 201Tl activity after reperfusion rose to 56 +/- 5% of normal, demonstrating that redistribution of the radionuclide occurred during the reflow period. In animals with persistent occlusion, there was a significant relationship between 201Tl uptake and flow (r = 0.95) and no evidence of redistribution of 201Tl during the two hour occlusion period. In another five dogs receiving 201Tl, serial gamma camera images obtained during reperfusion showed increasing uptake of the tracer in apical defects which returned to normal by 4 hours of reflow. Thirteen patients with stable angina received 2 mCi of 201Tl intravenously at peak exercise, and multiple gamma camera images obtained serially. All demonstrated zones of diminished 201Tl uptake 10 min after exercise. Defects which partially or completely disappeared within 1-6 hours postexercise corresponded to areas supplied by coronary arteries with significant stenoses. Persistent defects were present in regions of old myocardial infarction. Six additional patients with acute myocardial infarction demonstrated 201Tl myocardial defects which showed no significant change over 6 hours. Thus, redistribution of 201Tl into ischemic myocardium was demonstrated during transient coronary occlusion in dogs and after exercise stress in man. Sequential imaging after a single dose of 201Tl at the time of exercise may provide a means for distinguishing between transient perfusion abnormalities or ischemia and myocardial infarction of scar.