gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Overexpression of nm23-H1 and nm23-H2 genes in colorectal carcinomas and loss of nm23-H1 expression in advanced tumour stages. (1995)

Although a reduced expression of nm23 has been shown to correlate with a high metastatic potential in some human cancers, in colorectal cancers, conflicting data have been reported. As there are two homologous genes, nm23-H1 and nm23-H2, which encode the A and B subunits of nucleoside diphosphate kinase, efficient and simplified techniques were designed to selectively study nm23-H1 and -H2 expression in 35 colorectal cancers at both the protein and mRNA levels by immunoblotting, immunohistochemistry, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR) using specific antibodies and primers. Nm23-H1 and Nm23-H2 proteins were overexpressed in tumours compared with adjacent mucosa. This overexpression was lost, however, in some advanced cases: 89% and 81% of TNM (tumour, node, metastases) stages 0-II showed Nm23-H1 and -H2 overexpression, respectively, which significantly differed from 47% and 38% of stage III-IV tumours. Similar results were seen with nm23-H1 mRNA. Heterogenous labelling of tumoral cells was seen by immunohistological staining. This suggests a dichotomy: an overexpression of nm23-H1 and -H2 linked to early stages of cancer and a loss of nm23-H1 overexpression seen in more advanced stages. Therefore specific nm23-H1 determination should be evaluated as a prognostic factor in human colorectal carcinoma.
Plasmodium falciparum polyoximes: highly immunogenic synthetic vaccines constructed by chemoselective ligation of repeat B-cell epitopes and a universal T-cell epitope of CS protein (1998)

Effective immunoprophylaxis directed against the pre-erythrocytic stages of the malaria parasite requires a vaccine that can elicit humoral and cell mediated immunity in individuals of diverse genetic background. In order for a synthetic peptide malaria vaccine to meet these requirements, problems associated with genetic restriction, peptide chemistry, adjuvant formulation and physiochemical characterization of the final synthetic vaccine product must first be overcome. To address these issues, five polyoxime vaccine candidates have been constructed by ligating purified peptide epitopes of the P. falciparum CS protein to a branched template via oxime bonds. All five constructs, including two based on templates containing the synthetic adjuvant tripalmitoyl-S-glyceryl cysteine (Pam3Cys), were of sufficient purity for characterization by mass spectrometry. The immunogenicity of the malaria polyoximes in different murine strains was compared to that of multiple antigen peptide (MAP) constructs synthesized by standard step-wise synthesis. A tri-epitope polyoxime-Pam3Cys construct, based on the repeats and a universal T-cell epitope that contains both helper and CTL epitopes of the CS protein, was shown to be a precisely-defined synthetic malaria vaccine candidate that was highly immunogenic in murine strains of diverse H-2 haplotypes.
Experimental Study of Fracture of Glass:I, The Fracture Process (1954)

A concept of fracture is developed from experimental data. Fractures are found to originate at flaws or cracks of finite size, most of which are at the surface. The mechanism is one of crack propagation which begins when the local stress at the crack exceeds a minimum value. The rate of propagation increases with crack growth until a critical stress is reached at the crack tip which coincides with a limiting crack velocity. This limiting condition is identified with the boundary of the mirror surface of the fracture. From calculations to be presented in Part 11, the critical stress is estimated to be several million pounds per square inch.
Effect of dipyridamole alone and in combination with aspirin on whole blood platelet aggregation, PGI2 generation, and red cell deformability ex vivo in man (1991)

The results with PAF support the view that dipyridamole inhibits platelet activation by more than one mechanism; the effect on collagen induced and spontaneous platelet aggregation suggests that the effect of the combination doses is additive and that on red cell deformability the synergy is negative.
In vivo effects of cis- and trans-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) on SV40 chromosomes: differential repair, DNA-protein crosslinking, and inhibition of replication (1985)

The mechanism of action of the antitumor drug cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II), cis-DDP, was investigated by using the approximately 5200 base pair (bp) chromosome of simian virus 40 (SV40) as an in vivo chromatin model. Comparative studies were also carried out with the clinically ineffective isomer trans-DDP. Although 14 times more trans- than cis-DDP in the culture medium is required to inhibit SV40 DNA replication in SV40-infected green monkey CV-1 cells, the two isomers are equally effective at inhibiting replication when equimolar amounts are bound to SV40 DNA in vivo. Since both isomers are transported into CV-1 cells at similar rates, differential uptake cannot account for the greater ability of cis-DDP to inhibit SV40 DNA replication. Rather, this result is explained by the finding that cis-DDP-DNA adducts accumulate continuously over the incubation period, whereas trans-DDP binding to DNA reaches a maximum at 6 h and thereafter decreases dramatically. We suggest that the different accumulation behavior of cis-DDP and trans-DDP on DNA is due to their differential repair in CV-1 cells. A variety of non-histone proteins, including SV40 capsid proteins but virtually no histones, are cross-linked to SV40 DNA in vivo by either cis- or trans-DDP. More DNA-protein cross-links are formed by trans-DDP than by cis-DDP at equivalent amounts of DNA-bound platinum.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Treatment of Yellow Fever Virus with an Adenovirus-Vectored Interferon, DEF201, in a Hamster Model (2011)

Interferon (IFN) is an innate immune response protein that is involved in the antiviral response during viral infection. Treatment of acute viral infections with exogenous interferon may be effective but is generally not feasible for clinical use due to many factors, including cost, stability, and availability. To overcome these limitations, an adenovirus type 5-vectored consensus alpha IFN, termed DEF201, was constructed as a potential way to deliver sustained therapeutic levels of systemic IFN. To demonstrate the efficacy of DEF201 against acute flaviviral disease, various concentrations of the construct were administered as a single intranasal dose prior to virus infection, which resulted in a dose-responsive, protective effect in a hamster model of yellow fever virus (YFV) disease. A DEF201 dose of 5×10(7) PFU/animal administered intranasally just prior to YFV challenge protected 100% of the animals, while a 10-fold lower DEF201 dose exhibited lower, although significant, levels of protection. Virus titers in the liver and serum and levels of serum alanine aminotransferase were all significantly reduced as a result of DEF201 administration at all doses tested. No toxicity, as indicated by weight loss or gross morbidity, was observed in non-YFV-infected animals treated with DEF201. Protection of YFV-infected animals was observed when DEF201 was delivered as early as 7 days prior to virus challenge and as late as 2 days after virus challenge, demonstrating effective prophylaxis and therapy in a hamster model of disease. Overall, it appears that DEF201 is effective in the treatment of YFV in a hamster model.
Inflammation markers and cytokines in breast milk of atopic and nonatopic women (1999)

The concentrations of proinflammatory markers and cytokines in breast milk did not differ significantly between allergic and nonatopic mothers. In some individuals, high levels of MIP-1alpha, IL-10, and sICAM-1 could be found. However, the significance of these components for the breastfed infant is still unclear.
The on-chip 3-MB subarray-based third-level cache on an Itanium microprocessor (2002)

The 3-MB on-chip level three cache in the Itanium 2 processor, built on an 0.18-/spl mu/m, six-layer Al metal process, employs a subarray design style that efficiently utilizes available area and flexibly adapts to floor plan changes. Through a distributed decoding scheme and compact circuit design and layout, 85% array efficiency was achieved for the subarrays. In addition, various test and reliability features were included. The cache allows for a store and a load every four core cycles and has been characterized to operate above 1.2 GHz at 1.5 V and 110/spl deg/C. When running at 1.0 GHz, the cache provides a total bandwidth of 64 GB/s.
Dietary L-lysine and calcium metabolism in humans. (1993)

Calcium deficiency contributes to age-related bone loss; consequently, any preventive approach to osteoporosis should include dietary Ca adjustment or supplementation. The ideal Ca supplement would yield the greatest bioavailability. Studies in animals have shown that dietary supplements with certain amino acids, particularly L-lysine, can increase Ca absorption. Therefore, we examined the potential effect of this essential amino acid on Ca metabolism in humans. In one study, the acute effects of an oral Ca load (3 g as CaCl2) administered with or without 400 mg of L-lysine were compared in 15 healthy and 15 osteoporotic women. In all cases, the oral Ca load determined a progressive increase in serum total Ca and Ca2+ and a concomitant decrease in neophrogenous cAMP. As expected, a progressive increase in urinary Ca excretion was also observed, except in the L-lysine-treated healthy subjects, who exhibited a blunted calciuric response to the Ca load. In a second study, the effects of a short-term dietary supplementation with either L-lysine, L-valine, or L-tryptophan (800 mg/day) on 47Ca fraction absorption were compared in 45 osteoporotic patients. L-Lysine but not L-valine or L-tryptophan significantly increased the intestinal absorption of the mineral. Our results suggest that L-lysine can both enhance intestinal Ca absorption and improve the renal conservation of the absorbed Ca. The combined effects may contribute to a positive Ca balance, thus suggesting a potential usefulness of L-lysine supplements for both preventive and therapeutic interventions in osteoporosis.
Françoise Joukovsky, Le feu et le fleuve, Héraclite et la Renaissance française (1992)

Weber Henri. Françoise Joukovsky, Le feu et le fleuve, Héraclite et la Renaissance française. In: Bulletin de l'Association d'étude sur l'humanisme, la réforme et la renaissance, n°34, 1992. pp. 129-131.
Electrical Measurement, Signal Processing, and Displays (2003)

The CRC Principles and Applications in Engineering series is a library of convenient, economical references sharply focused on particular engineering topics and subspecialties. Each volume in the series comprises chapters carefully selected from CRC's bestselling handbooks, logically organized for optimum convenience, and thoughtfully priced to fit
Tailor: creating custom user interfaces based on gesture (1990)

Article Tailor: creating custom user interfaces based on gesture Share on Authors: Randy Pausch University of Virginia, Thornton Hall, Charlottesville, VA University of Virginia, Thornton Hall, Charlottesville, VAView Profile , Ronald D. Williams University of Virginia, Thornton Hall, Charlottesville, VA University of Virginia, Thornton Hall, Charlottesville, VAView Profile Authors Info & Claims UIST '90: Proceedings of the 3rd annual ACM SIGGRAPH symposium on User interface software and technologyAugust 1990 Pages 123–134https://doi.org/10.1145/97924.97939Online:01 August 1990Publication History 11citation671DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations11Total Downloads671Last 12 Months41Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
A computational theory of visual surface interpolation (1982)

Computational theories of structure-from-motion and stereo vision only specify the computation of three-dimensional surface information at special points in the image. Yet the visual perception is clearly of complete surfaces. To account for this a computational theory of the interpolation of surfaces from visual information is presented. The problem is constrained by the fact that the surface must agree with the information from stereo or motion correspondence, and not vary radically between these points. Using the image irradiance equation, an explicit form of this surface consistency constraint can be derived. To determine which of two possible surfaces is more consistent with the surface consistency constraint, one must be able to compare the two surfaces. To do this, a functional from the space of possible functions to the real numbers is required. In this way, the surface most consistent with the visual information will be that which minimizes the functional. To ensure that the functional has a unique minimal surface, conditions on the form of the functional are derived. In particular, if the functional is a complete semi-norm that satisfies the parallelogram law, or the space of functions is a semi-Hilbert space and the functional is a semi-inner product, then there is a unique (to within possibly an element of the null space of the functional) surface that is most consistent with the visual information. It can be shown, based on the above conditions plus a condition of rotational symmetry, that there is a vector space of possible functionals that measure surface consistency, this vector space being spanned by the functional of quadratic variation and the functional of square Laplacian. Arguments based on the null spaces of the respective functionals are used to justify the choice of the quadratic variation as the optimal functional. Possible refinements to the theory, concerning the role of discontinuities in depth and the effects of applying the interpolation process to scenes containing more than one object, are discussed.
Synchronously pumped D_2 gas-in-glass fiber Raman laser operating at 156 μm (1984)

A synchronously pumped D(2)gas-in-glass fiber Raman laser operating at 1.56 microm has been demonstrated. The active medium is molecular D(2) diffused into a 100-m-long conventional single-mode solid silica optical fiber. Synchronous pumping with a mode-locked 1.06-microm Nd:YAG laser (120-psec pulse width with 100-MHz repetition rate) produces 15-psec pulses at 1.56microm with peak output powers of 20 W.
Enhanced Risk for Alzheimer Disease in Persons With Type 2 Diabetes and APOE ε4 (2008)

These data suggest that having both diabetes and APOE epsilon4 increases the risk of dementia, especially for AD and mixed AD.
Synthesis and miticidal and insecticidal activities of 4-(2-fluoroethyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3,4-oxadiazines (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and miticidal and insecticidal activities of 4-(2-fluoroethyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3,4-oxadiazinesMark A. Dekeyser, Paul T. McDonald, Gilbert W. Angle, and Roger G. H. DownerCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1993, 41, 8, 1329–1331Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1993https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00032a031RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views86Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (320 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Anthrax Toxin Receptor 1/Tumor Endothelium Marker 8 Mediates Cell Spreading by Coupling Extracellular Ligands to the Actin Cytoskeleton (2006)

Tumor endothelial marker 8 (TEM8) is induced in tumor-associated vasculature and acts as a receptor for Protective Antigen (PA), the cell-binding component of the anthrax toxin determinant for toxin entrance into cells. However, the normal function for TEM8 remains unknown. We show that TEM8 functions as an adhesion molecule mediating cell spreading on immobilized PA and collagen I. The mechanism for TEM8 interaction with collagen I was cell type-specific, because binding to collagen I was abrogated by beta1 integrin function blocking antibody in HEK293 cells, but not in primary synovial rabbit fibroblasts. Binding to PA remained unaffected by the addition of beta1 integrin function blocking antibody. Whereas the extracellular and transmembrane domains of TEM8 were sufficient to provide cell attachment, the intracellular domain was critical for spreading. Fusion of the cytosolic domain of TEM8 to the IL-2 receptor, conferred cell-spreading capability on IL-2 receptor antibody substrates. The cytoplasmic domain mediated linkage with the actin cytoskeleton as it co-precipitated actin and determined partitioning of TEM8 to the actin-containing detergent insoluble cellular fraction. TEM8 anchorage to actin was relevant as spreading was inhibited by the cytoskeleton-disrupting drug cytochalasin D, but persisted in the presence of the microtubule-depolymerizing drug nocodazole, and in cells lacking intermediate filaments. Thus, our results indicate that TEM8 is a new adhesion molecule linking collagen I or PA to the actin cytoskeleton.
Adenosine diphosphate sugar pyrophosphatase prevents glycogen biosynthesis in <i>Escherichia coli</i> (2001)

An adenosine diphosphate sugar pyrophosphatase (ASPPase, EC ) has been characterized by using Escherichia coli. This enzyme, whose activities in the cell are inversely correlated with the intracellular glycogen content and the glucose concentration in the culture medium, hydrolyzes ADP-glucose, the precursor molecule of glycogen biosynthesis. ASPPase was purified to apparent homogeneity (over 3,000-fold), and sequence analyses revealed that it is a member of the ubiquitously distributed group of nucleotide pyrophosphatases designated as "nudix" hydrolases. Insertional mutagenesis experiments leading to the inactivation of the ASPPase encoding gene, aspP, produced cells with marginally low enzymatic activities and higher glycogen content than wild-type bacteria. aspP was cloned into an expression vector and introduced into E. coli. Transformed cells were shown to contain a dramatically reduced amount of glycogen, as compared with the untransformed bacteria. No pleiotropic changes in the bacterial growth occurred in both the aspP-overexpressing and aspP-deficient strains. The overall results pinpoint the reaction catalyzed by ASPPase as a potential step of regulating glycogen biosynthesis in E. coli.
Polarimetric and intermodal interference sensitivity to hydrostatic pressure, temperature, and strain of highly birefringent optical fibers (1993)

The sensitivity to hydrostatic pressure, temperature, and strain of elliptical-core, D-shaped, bow-tie highly birefringent fibers is experimentally investigated. Both polarimetric and polarization sensitive LP(01)-LP(11) intermodal interferometric responses are studied. The sensitivities are expressed in terms of the experimental parameters T(x,j) describing a 2pi phase shift in the cosine response. It is found that bow-tie fibers exhibit a linear response to all the studied external perturbations except for the polarimetric response of the fundamental mode to temperature, while elliptical-core and D-shaped fibers are characterized by a nonlinear sensitivity to both temperature and hydrostatic pressure. The application to fiber-optic sensors of each type of fiber is discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: NEW HETEROCYCLIC RING SYSTEMS FROM ALPHA‐HYDROXYMETHYLENE‐KETONES PART 3, PYRAZOLO‐BENZOTHIAZOLES AND THIAZOLO‐BENZOISOXAZOLES (1974)

Abstract Das Tetrahydrobenzthiazolon (I) reagiert mit Hydrazin (II) zum Heterocyclus (III), der mit Acetanhydrid das Derivat (IV) gibt, sich jedoch als Ag‐Salz mit Acetylchlofid zu einem 3:1‐Gemisch aus (III) und dem Isomeren (V) umsetzt.
Defining E-cadherin-associated protein complexes in epithelial cells: plakoglobin β- and γ-catenin are distinct components (1993)

Ca(2+)-dependent cell adhesion is mediated by a family of proteins termed cadherins, and is modulated by cytosolic proteins that include alpha-, beta-, and gamma-catenin and other cytoskeletal proteins that bind to the cytoplasmic domain of cadherins. Recent studies have suggested that either beta- or gamma-catenin may be identical to plakoglobin, a protein associated with adherens junctions. However, the relationship between these proteins, and their interaction with cadherins, are not well understood. In this study, we have further defined the relationship between plakoglobin and the catenins in complexes with E-cadherin in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells. Specific immunoprecipitations revealed that plakoglobin (86 kDa) and beta-catenin (92 kDa) have different detergent extractabilities and apparent molecular weights in these cells; however, plakoglobin has an apparent molecular weight similar to that of gamma-catenin (86 kDa). Immunoblotting of E-cadherin immunoprecipitates demonstrated that both plakoglobin and beta-catenin co-immunoprecipitate with E-cadherin. Laser-scanning confocal microscopy demonstrated temporally and spatially co-ordinate redistribution of plakoglobin and E-cadherin following induction of cell-cell contact in MDCK cells. Although plakoglobin comigrated with gamma-catenin on SDS-PAGE, quantitative analysis of E-cadherin and plakoglobin immunoprecipitates revealed that plakoglobin accounted for < 50% of the gamma-catenin signal. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis resolved the gamma-catenin protein band into two proteins. One protein was identified as plakoglobin, based upon apparent molecular weight, immunoreactivity and isoelectric point (pI approximately 6.1). The other protein comigrated with gamma-catenin on SDS-PAGE, did not react with plakoglobin antibodies and had a pI of approximately 4.25; we refer to this protein as gamma-catenin to distinguish it from plakoglobin. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis further revealed that plakoglobin comprised multiple isoelectric variants, but that, within the newly synthesized pool of plakoglobin, only the most basic of these variants co-immunoprecipitated with E-cadherin; phosphorylation did not account for the plakoglobin isoelectric variants seen by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. These results demonstrate directly that plakoglobin associates and co-localizes with the E-cadherin in MDCK epithelial cells in a complex that contains alpha-, beta-, and gamma-catenin. Although plakoglobin shares sequence similarity with beta-catenin, and comigrates with gamma-catenin in SDS-PAGE, plakoglobin is distinct from the catenins. The association of plakoglobin with E-cadherin may be regulated by post-translational modifications of plakoglobin.
The TIM‐barrel fold: a versatile framework for efficient enzymes (2001)

Recent studies on triosephosphate isomerase (TIM)-barrel enzymes highlight the remarkable versatility of the TIM-barrel scaffold. At least 15 distinct enzyme families use this framework to generate the appropriate active site geometry, always at the C-terminal end of the eight parallel beta-strands of the barrel. Sequence and structure comparisons now suggest that many of the TIM-barrel enzymes are evolutionarily related. Common structural properties of TIM-barrel enzymes are discussed.