gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cerebrospinal fluid biogenic amines and biopterin in rett syndrome (1989)

We evaluated cerebrospinal fluid biogenic amine metabolites in 32 patients with Rett syndrome. Significant reductions were noted in the metabolites of norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin, as compared with controls of similar age (p less than 0.001, p less than 0.001, and p less than 0.05, respectively). Tetrahydrobiopterin is an essential cofactor and may be rate-limiting for the synthesis of catecholamines and serotonin. Accordingly, total cerebrospinal fluid biopterin was measured and found to be elevated in patients compared with controls (p less than 0.002). These findings constitute the only biochemical changes detected in Rett syndromes so far.
A charge balancing monolithic A/D converter (1977)

THIS REPORT will discuss a f 3 digit monolithic A/D converter using a charge-balancing conversion algorithm. CMOS technology produces the amplifiers, analog switches and low-power logic which, with a few external components, achieve 0.1% conversion accuracy. The algorithm is especially amenable to integration, and with the inclusion of the autozero feature to eliminate drift, the device is ideal for meter applications.
VR Video Conferencing over Named Data Networks (2017)

We propose a VR video conferencing system over named data networks (NDN). The system is designed to support real-time, multi-party streaming and playback of 360 degree video on a web player. A centralized architecture is used, with a signaling server to coordinate multiple participants. To ensure real-time requirement, a protocol featuring prefetching is used for producer-consumer communication. Along with the native support of multicast in NDN, this design is expected to better support large amount of data streaming between multiple users.
Treatment of Industrial Wastes from Paper Mills and Tannery on Neponset River (1929)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTreatment of Industrial Wastes from Paper Mills and Tannery on Neponset RiverAlmon L. FalesCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1929, 21, 3, 216–221Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1929Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1929https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50231a006https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50231a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views87Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Assembly and secretion of recombinant human fibrinogen. (1991)

Expression vectors containing full-length cDNAs for each of the human fibrinogen chains were constructed. COS-1 cells were transfected with single vectors, mixtures of two, or with all three vectors and stable cell lines selected. Cells transfected with single vectors, or with mixtures of any two vectors, expressed the appropriate fibrinogen chains but did not secrete them. COS cells transfected with three vectors expressed all of the chains and secreted fibrinogen. COS cells transfected with three vectors contained, intracellularly, a mixture of fibrinogen-related proteins. The four main intracellular products were nascent fibrinogen, an A alpha.gamma complex, free A alpha chains, and free gamma chains. This is a similar pattern to that noted in Hep G2 cells. The intracellular forms of fibrinogen were sensitive to endoglycosidase H, indicating that they reside in a pre-Golgi compartment. Secreted fibrinogen was endoglycosidase H-insensitive, suggesting that the secreted glycoprotein moieties were processed in the normal manner. When mixed with plasma fibrinogen, radiolabeled recombinant fibrinogen was incorporated into a thrombin-induced clot. These studies demonstrate that COS cells transfected with all three fibrinogen chain cDNAs are capable of assembling and secreting a functional fibrinogen molecule.
Preventing Post‐Thoracotomy Pain Syndrome (2012)

This article provides a concise overview of post-thoracotomy pain syndrome, describes anesthetic and surgical factors that have been investigated to reduce the incidence of the syndrome, and explores the effectiveness of various treatments for this condition. Although some interventions (both procedural and pharmacologic) have been investigated in both preventing and treating post-thoracotomy pain syndrome, definitive studies are lacking and firm conclusions regarding the benefit of any intervention cannot be drawn. The problem is compounded further by our lack of understanding of the pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying the development of chronic pain after surgery. Going forward, it will be important to elucidate these mechanisms and conduct well-designed trials involving novel therapeutic agents for both prevention and treatment of post-thoracotomy pain syndrome.
Ultra-high-sensitivity color imaging via a transparent diffractive-filter array and computational optics (2015)

Conventional color imaging requires absorptive color-filter arrays, which exhibit low light transmission. Here, we replace the absorptive color-filter array with a transparent diffractive-filter array (DFA) and apply computational optics techniques to enable color imaging with a sensitivity that is enhanced by a factor as high as 3.12. The DFA diffracts incident light onto a conventional monochrome sensor array to create intensity distributions that are wavelength dependent. By first calibrating these wavelength-dependent intensity distributions and then applying computational techniques, we demonstrate single-shot hyperspectral imaging and absorption-free color imaging.
Anemia Induces Accumulation of Erythropoietin mRNA in the Kidney and Liver (1986)

Regulation of the production of erythropoietin occurs in the kidney and liver largely through control of accumulation of erythropoietin mRNA. Erythropoietin mRNA was first detected in kidneys at 1.5 h postanemia and reached a plateau value at least 200-fold above the control value by 4 to 8 h. A 20-base sequence immediately upstream from the reported erythropoietin mRNA initiation site is complementary to a hypervariable sequence in 18S rRNA.
Chemotherapy of Amanita phalloides Poisoning with Intravenous Silibinin (1983)

1 A total of 18 cases of Amanita phalloides intoxication was treated by combined chemotherapy during 1980 and 1981. After attempted primary elimination of the toxin all patients received silibinin as basic therapy mainly by infusion and in two instances orally. 2 In order to evaluate the effect of silibinin therapy a retrospective study of the followed-up case records was made. The cases were arbitrarily classified into three groups according to the severity of liver damage (light, medium and severe). 3 There was found a close relationship between the severity of liver injury and the delay between mushroom ingestion and the onset of silibinin therapy. With the exception of one fatality in a particularly high dosage suicidal intoxication, all patients survived. 4 Administration of silibrinin even up to 48 h after mushroom ingestion appears to be an effective measure to prevent severe liver damage in Amanita phalloides poisoning. Contrarily, the onset of general supportive treatment together with penicillin therapy which was throughout several hours before silibinin administration did not correlate with the severity of liver damage.
Swelling pressures of proteoglycans at the concentrations found in cartilaginous tissues (1979)

The osmotic pressure of proteoglycans extracted from human hip, knee and intervertebral disc cartilage and from bovine nasal cartilage, and of chondroitin sulphate was measured by equilibrium dialysis against solutions of polyethylene glycol in 0.15M
Proteomic Analysis of Lipid Microdomains from Lipopolysaccharide-Activated Human Endothelial Cells (2005)

The endothelium plays a critical role in orchestrating the inflammatory response seen during sepsis. Many of the inflammatory effects of Gram-negative sepsis are elicited by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a glycolipid component of bacterial cell walls. Lipid-rich microdomains have been shown to concentrate components of the LPS signaling system. However, much remains to be learned about which proteins are constituents of lipid microdomains, and how these are regulated following cell activation. Progress in this area would be accelerated by employing global proteomic analyses, but the hydrophobicity of membrane proteins presents an analytical barrier to the effective application of such approaches. Herein, we describe a method to isolate detergent-resistant membranes from endothelial cells, and prepare these samples for proteomic analysis in a way that is compatible with subsequent separations and mass spectrometric (MS) analysis. In the application of these sample preparation and MS analyses, 358 proteins from the lipid-rich microdomains of LPS-activated endothelial cell membranes have been identified of which half are classified as membrane proteins by Gene Ontology. We also demonstrate that the sample preparation method used for solubilization and trypsin digestion of lipid-rich microdomains renders the membrane spanning sequences of transmembrane proteins accessible for endoproteolytic hydrolysis. This analysis sets the analytical foundation for an in-depth probing of LPS signaling in endothelial cells.
A First Lab in Circuits and Electronics (2001)

aeo Experiment 1: Measuring DC Voltages and Currents aeo Experiment 2: Simple DC Circuits Resistors and Resistive Sensors aeo Experiment 3: Generating, Observing, and Hearing Time--Varying Signals aeo Experiment 4: Basic Characteristics of Op Amps and Comparators aeo Experiment 5: Amplifier Design Using Op Amps A Sound System aeo Experiment 6: RC Circuit Transients More on Measurement Techniques aeo Experiment 7: Filters, Frequency Response and Tone Control aeo Experiment 8: LC Circuits, Resonance, and Transformers aeo Experiment 9: Diodes and their Applications aeo Experiment 10: Modulation and Radio Reception aeo Experiment 11: MOSFET Characteristics and Applications aeo Experiment 12: Principles of Amplifiers aeo Experiment 13: Bipolar Transistors and Amplifiers aeo Experiment 14: Digital Logic Circuits Gates and Latches aeo Experiment 15: D flip--flops and shift registers aeo Experiment 16: JK flip--flops and ripple counters Appendix A: Component value codes Appendix B: Oscilloscope probe calibration Appendix C: Decibels Appendix D: Supply bypassing Appendix E: Data input, clear and clock switches Appendix F: Producing a clock signal by using a function generator Appendix G: Equipment and parts list
Evaluation of clinical and prognostic significance of T cell regulatory subsets in rheumatoid arthritis. (1985)

Phenotypic analysis of circulating lymphocytes and T cell subsets using monoclonal antibodies was performed on 60 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A significant lymphopenia was observed in RA patients and correlated with the use of disease suppressant drugs (p less than 0.0001). A significant decrease in the number of suppressor/cytotoxic T cells resulted in an increase in the TH/TS ratio in 40% of RA patients. This elevated ratio did not correlate with disease activity, the presence of extraarticular features, autoantibody production or immune complex formation. We conclude that the evaluation of the TH/TS ratio has no diagnostic or prognostic value.
Preparation and Properties of Covalently Linked Insulin Dimers (1982)

The synthesis of six isomeric insulin dimers, linked through selected amino groups of the monomers by a dicarboxylic acid, is described. Symmetrical dimers were obtained by direct crosslinking of N,N-bis(methylsulfonyl-ethoxycarbonyl)insulins with the bis(p-nitrophenyl) esters of dicarboxylic acids. The synthesis of asymmetrical dimers was achieved by use of Msc-protected insulin active ester intermediates. N epsilon-B29,N epsilon B29'-Insulin dimers containing oxalyl, suberoyl and dodecanedioyl crosslinks were produced. N alpha B1,N epsilon B29'-Insulin dimers were suberoyl and dodecanedioyl crosslinks were synthesized; all other dimers were synthesized with suberoyl crosslinks. The positions of crosslinks were determined by sulfitolysis, tryptic digestion, electrophoresis and quantitative end-group determination. The dimers showed potencies between 1-60% that of insulin on a weight basis in stimulating lipogenesis in isolated fat cells. The potencies are considerably lower than the relative binding affinities determined with isolated fat cells.
Deformable Medical Image Registration: A Survey (2013)

Deformable image registration is a fundamental task in medical image processing. Among its most important applications, one may cite: 1) multi-modality fusion, where information acquired by different imaging devices or protocols is fused to facilitate diagnosis and treatment planning; 2) longitudinal studies, where temporal structural or anatomical changes are investigated; and 3) population modeling and statistical atlases used to study normal anatomical variability. In this paper, we attempt to give an overview of deformable registration methods, putting emphasis on the most recent advances in the domain. Additional emphasis has been given to techniques applied to medical images. In order to study image registration methods in depth, their main components are identified and studied independently. The most recent techniques are presented in a systematic fashion. The contribution of this paper is to provide an extensive account of registration techniques in a systematic manner.
Parametric multichannel audio coding: synthesis of coherence cues (2005)

Parametric multichannel audio coding represents an audio signal as one single audio channel plus side information. The side information contains estimates of perceptually relevant differences between the original audio channels. Usually, time difference, level difference, and coherence cues are considered. These cues determine, to a large degree, the auditory spatial image that is perceived when playing back multichannel audio signals. Level difference and time difference synthesis is simple: Different gain factors and delays are applied to the sum signal in subbands for generating the different decoder output channels. However, it is not as obvious how coherence cues can be synthesized. Several heuristic methods for coherence synthesis were proposed previously. In this paper, we are proposing a systematic approach for coherence synthesis. The coherence that is measured in the encoder between a pair of channels is reproduced in the decoder. For that purpose, de-correlation filters modeling late reverberation with impulse responses of a length of several hundred milliseconds are used, resulting in the ability of the scheme to generate naturally sounding diffuse sound. A method for reducing the computational complexity of the scheme is presented. The results of a subjective test indicate that the proposed scheme achieves good audio quality. Furthermore, the scheme was compared to a previous scheme without multichannel coherence synthesis and performs significantly better for all items tested.
Synthesis of 2,4-Dihydropyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrroles and 4,6-Dihydro-2H-dipyrrolo[3,4-b:3',4'-d]pyrroles (1990)

7he labile heterocyclic ring systems, 2,4-dihydropyrroIo[3,4blpyrroIe 1 and 4.6dihydro-2H-dipyrrolo13,4-b:3',4'-a]pyrroIe 2, were prepared readily by the phosphineiminealkylidenemalonate cyclization reaction or the reuo-malonate addition reaction.An X-ray srmcturc analysis confmned that three pyrrole rings of 2 are coplanar.2,4-Dihydropyrrolo[3,4-blpyrrole and 4,6~dihydro-21f-dipyrrolo[3,4-b:Y,4'-dlpyoe ring systems are cyclic analogues of the interesting radialenes 3 and 4 re~pectively.~According to theoretical calculations, 1 and 2 are highly unstable heteroaromatic ring systems.'To date ring system 1 is still unknown.Herein we repon the facile syntheses of 1 and 2 based on our new methods, the phosphineimine-akylidenernalonate cy~liration,~ or the reuo~nalonate addition reaction.5Starting from the known aldehyde 5,6 we synthesized 2,4-dihydropyrrolol3,4-blpyrroles 11-14 with the 4-position protected with ap-methoxyphenylsulfonyl group.Knoevenagel condensation of 5 with diethyl malonate gave 6 .Reductive cleavage of the thioester goup of 6 with Raney nickel afforded 7. Treatment of 7 with potassium hydride fallowed by pmethoxybenrenesulfonyl chloride gave the N-protected p v o l e 8. Brominarion of 8 with N~bromosuccinimide and dibenzoyl peroxide gave bromide 9. Reaction of bromide 9 with sodium aride in aqueous THF gave the azido compound 10 Treatment of 10 with uiphenylphosphine followed by hydrolysis afforded the pyrrolo[3,4-blpyrrole I I , Scheme 1. Attempted removal of thep-methoxyphenylsulfonyl protecting gmiip led to the decomposition of the product.Apparently the parent system of 2,4-dihydropyrrolol3.4-b]pyrroIe is too labile to isolate.a. CH~ (COZEII~, piperidine, benzene, reflux, 32 h, 90%.b.Raney nickel, acetone, reflux, 30 min, 77%.
Synthesis, restriction analysis, and molecular cloning of near full length DNA complementary to bovine parathyroid hormone mRNA (1980)

DNA complementary (cDNA) to a partially purified preparation of bovine parathyroid hormone mRNA was synthesized using avian myeloblastosis viral reverse transcriptase. The PTH cDNA contained about 750 bases and was greater than 95% sensitive to digestion by S1 nuclease. Analysis of the mRNA preparation by excess RNA hybridization to the PTH cDNA revealed one rapidly hybridizing component consisting of 50% of the PTH cDNA. Sequential incubation of the PTH mRNA with reverse transcriptase and E. coli DNA polymerase I produced near full length double-stranded PTH cDNA. Of the 22 restriction endonucleases tested, double-stranded PTH cDNA could be cleaved with Alu I, Mbo II, Sau 3A, Sst I, and Taq I. The restriction fragments corresponding to the 5' terminus of the sense strand were identified for the last three enzymes by comparing the size of fragments obtained from PTH cDNA before and after cleavage of the hairpin loop connecting the two strands by S1 nuclease. The restriction map of the cDNA was used to detect clones of bacteria containing recombinant plasmids with near full length PTH cDNA inserts.
Differential Recruitment of Dendritic Cells and Monocytes to Respiratory Mucosal Sites in Children with Influenza Virus or Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection (2008)

Infection with influenza virus or RSV mobilizes antigen-presenting cells to the respiratory tract. The differences in antigen-presenting cell numbers and cytokine concentrations suggest that there are distinctive, early immune responses to these 2 viruses.
SmgGDS is up‐regulated in prostate carcinoma and promotes tumour phenotypes in prostate cancer cells (2008)

SmgGDS is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor with the unique ability to activate multiple small GTPases, implicating it in cancer development and progression. Here, we investigated the role of SmgGDS in prostate cancer by studying the expression of SmgGDS in benign and malignant prostatic tissues. We also probed SmgGDS function in three prostate carcinoma cell lines using small interfering RNA (siRNA). Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that SmgGDS levels were elevated in prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN), prostate carcinoma, and metastatic prostate carcinoma. In addition, expression of SmgGDS positively correlated with that of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), a protein believed to promote the development of prostate carcinoma. Reduction of SmgGDS expression in prostate carcinoma cells inhibited proliferation and migration, irrespective of androgen receptor status. These effects were accompanied by a reduction in COX-2 expression and in activity of NF-kappaB, a known regulator of COX-2. Taken together, these findings suggest that SmgGDS promotes the development and progression of prostate cancer, possibly associated with NF-kappaB-dependent up-regulation of COX-2.
Direct interaction of v-Src with the focal adhesion kinase mediated by the Src SH2 domain. (1994)

The recently described focal adhesion kinase (FAK) has been implicated in signal transduction pathways initiated by cell adhesion receptor integrins and by neuropeptide growth factors. To examine the mechanisms by which FAK relays signals from the membrane to the cell interior, we carried out a series of experiments to detect potential FAK interactions with proteins containing Src homology 2 (SH2) domains that are important intracellular signaling molecules. Using v-Src-transformed NIH3T3 cells, we showed that FAK was present in the immune-complex precipitated by anti-Src antibody, suggesting potential interaction of FAK with v-Src in vivo. We also showed potentially direct interaction of FAK with v-Src in vivo using the yeast two-hybrid system. Using recombinant FAK expressed in insect cells and bacterial fusion proteins containing Src SH2 domains, we showed direct binding of FAK to the Src SH2 domain but not to the SH3 domain in vitro. A kinase-defective mutant of FAK, which is not autophosphorylated, did not interact with the Src SH2 domain under the same conditions, suggesting the involvement of the FAK autophosphorylation sites. Treatment of FAK with a protein-tyrosine phosphatase decreased its binding to the Src SH2 domain, whereas autophosphorylation in vitro increased its binding. These results confirm the importance of FAK autophosphorylation sites in its interaction with SH2 domain-containing proteins. Taken together, these results suggest that FAK may mediate signal transduction events initiated on the cell surface by kinase activation and autophosphorylation that result in its binding to other key intracellular signaling molecules.
How do stem cells find their way home? (2005)

Migration of hematopoietic stem cells through the blood, across the endothelial vasculature to different organs and to their bone marrow (BM) niches, requires active navigation, a process termed homing. Homing is a rapid process and is the first and essential step in clinical stem cell transplantation. Similarly, homing is required for seeding of the fetal BM by hematopoietic progenitors during development. Homing has physiological roles in adult BM homeostasis, which are amplified during stress-induced recruitment of leukocytes from the BM reservoir and during stem cell mobilization, as part of host defense and repair. Homing is thought to be a coordinated, multistep process, which involves signaling by stromal-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) and stem cell factor (SCF), activation of lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1), very late antigen 4/5 (VLA-4/5) and CD44, cytoskeleton rearrangement, membrane type 1 (MT1)-matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activation and secretion of MMP2/9. Rolling and firm adhesion of progenitors to endothelial cells in small marrow sinusoids under blood flow is followed by trans-endothelial migration across the physical endothelium/extracellular matrix (ECM) barrier. Stem cells finalize their homing uniquely, by selective access and anchorage to their specialized niches in the extravascular space of the endosteum region and in periarterial sites. This review is focused on mechanisms and key regulators of human stem cell homing to the BM in experimental animal models and clinical transplantation protocols.