gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
5G New Radio: Waveform, Frame Structure, Multiple Access, and Initial Access (2017)

Different from conventional mobile networks designed to optimize the transmission efficiency of one particular service (e.g., streaming voice/ video) primarily, the industry and academia are reaching an agreement that 5G mobile networks are projected to sustain manifold wireless requirements, including higher mobility, higher data rates, and lower latency. For this purpose, 3GPP has launched the standardization activity for the first phase 5G system in Release 15 named New Radio (NR). To fully understand this crucial technology, this article offers a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art development of NR, including deployment scenarios, numerologies, frame structure, new waveform, multiple access, initial/random access procedure, and enhanced carrier aggregation (CA) for resource requests and data transmissions. The provided insights thus facilitate knowledge of design and practice for further features of NR.
An adaptive modulation scheme for bandwidth-limited meteor-burst channels (2003)

The author investigates the performance of an adaptive information rate technique that is particularly well suited to the bandwidth-limited meteor burst channel. This technique uses the quadrature amplitude signal sets common to digital radio and is called adaptive QAM. Improvements in throughput that are possible with the proposed approach are examined. The results are pertinent to the use of meteor-burst channels for military applications.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
KRAS mutation testing in metastatic colorectal cancer. (2012)

The KRAS oncogene is mutated in approximately 35%-45% of colorectal cancers, and KRAS mutational status testing has been highlighted in recent years. The most frequent mutations in this gene, point substitutions in codons 12 and 13, were validated as negative predictors of response to anti-epidermal growth factor receptor antibodies. Therefore, determining the KRAS mutational status of tumor samples has become an essential tool for managing patients with colorectal cancers. Currently, a variety of detection methods have been established to analyze the mutation status in the key regions of the KRAS gene; however, several challenges remain related to standardized and uniform testing, including the selection of tumor samples, tumor sample processing and optimal testing methods. Moreover, new testing strategies, in combination with the mutation analysis of BRAF, PIK3CA and loss of PTEN proposed by many researchers and pathologists, should be promoted. In addition, we recommend that microsatellite instability, a prognostic factor, be added to the abovementioned concomitant analysis. This review provides an overview of KRAS biology and the recent advances in KRAS mutation testing. This review also addresses other aspects of status testing for determining the appropriate treatment and offers insight into the potential drawbacks of mutational testing.
The phenotype of some late‐flowering mutants is enhanced by a locus on chromosome 5 that is not effective in the Landsberg <i>erecta</i> wild‐type (1994)

Summary Late‐flowering mutants that have been described in ecotypes other than Landsberg erecta (L er ) have been found to be dominant alleles of the FRI locus located on chromosome 4, which determines lateness in many very late ecotypes. The extreme lateness of dominant FRI alleles depends on dominant alleles at the FLC locus that maps on the top of chromosome 5. FLC alleles with this effect have been found in all ecotypes tested (Col, Ws, S96, Est and Li) except L er . Most likely the same locus confers lateness to the luminidependens (ld) mutant. Genotypes with a dominant FRI allele and the monogenic recessive ld mutant are only slightly later with recessive L er alleles at the FLC locus. Genotypes where the dominant FLC alleles are combined with FRI or with the ld mutant, are strongly responsive to vernalization, which is much less effective in the FLC‐Ler background.
Electron affinity of plasma-hydrogenated and chemically oxidized diamond (100) surfaces (2001)

The electron affinity (EA) $\ensuremath{\chi}$ of single crystal diamond (100) is determined as a function of hydrogen and oxygen coverage by a combination of work function and photoemission experiments. For the fully hydrogenated (100)-$(2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1):\mathrm{H}$ surface an EA of $\ensuremath{-}1.3 \mathrm{eV}$ and for the oxidized surface C(100)-$(1\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1):\mathrm{O}$ $\ensuremath{\chi}=+1.7 \mathrm{eV}$ are obtained. These are the lowest and the highest electron affinities, respectively, ever reported for any diamond surface. The variation in $\ensuremath{\chi}$ with O and H coverage is well described by a simple dipole model provided that the depolarization is properly taken into account for high adsorbate densities. This analysis favors the bridge position (etherlike) for oxygen on C(100). By mixing H and O adsorbates on a microscopic scale the EA of C(100) can be adjusted at will over 3 eV between the extreme values without jeopardizing the chemical passivation of the diamond surface afforded by H or O termination.
Water-Soluble Conjugated Polymers: Self-Assembly and Biosensor Applications (2005)

Crude receptor preparations of rabbit mammary gland were made by differential centrifugation and reacted with lactoperoxidase-iodinated ovine prolactin (oPRL) in order to determine their binding characteristics. Receptors prepared from the mammary glands of animals less than 4 days postpartum bound oPRL with high affinity (Ka = 3.50 X 10(9) M-1), in good agreement with previous results of other investigators. The binding capacity of these preparations was 107 +/- 16.3 fmol/mg of protein. In contrast, receptors prepared from the mammary glands of late lactating rabbits (Days 25 to 30 of lactation) showed a 2.5-fold increase in binding affinity (Ka = 8.63 X 10(9) M-1, p less than 0.001) without a significant increase in binding capacity (135 +/- 21.4 fmol/mg, p greater than 0.2). Kinetic experiments revealed that the rates of association of hormone and receptor were identical in early and late receptor preparations, and that the 2.5-fold decrease the dissociation rate observed in the late preparations was fully explanatory of the differences in equilibrium binding. The mechanism of this affinity increase is not known. Such a change in binding characteristics, which would tend to enhance tissue responsiveness, may underlie the well characterized maintenance of full lactation in women despite falling concentrations of prolactin.
President's Remarks - 2011 Fall Conference (2011)

Remarks by Jeffrey D. Armstrong, President of California Polytechnic State University, delivered at the 2011 Fall Conference General Session on Tuesday, September 13, 2011 9:00 a.m. at the Performing Arts Center’s Christopher Cohan Center Harman Hall.
Totally implanted direct current stimulator as treatment for a nonunion in the foot. (1994)

Nonunions and delayed unions are postoperative complications with which the podiatric surgeon must be concerned. Although the incidence is infrequent, their treatment methods vary, and can range from bone grafting to internal and external fixation of fragments, arthrodesis, and/or the use of indirect and direct bone stimulation. This manuscript details a case of a nonunion of the first metatarsal cuneiform joint 8 months after attempted Lisfranc's joint fusion for Charcot arthropathy of the midfoot. The nonunion was treated with bone grafting, internal fixation, and the use of an implanted direct current bone stimulator. Although implanted bone stimulators are commonly used for the treatment of failed unions of the posterior spine, tibia, and humerus, to date, the authors submit this is the first reported case of implementing a totally implanted direct current stimulator for treatment of a nonunion in the foot.
A Performance Evaluation of Ontology-Based Context Reasoning (2007)

The CARE middleware aims at supporting context-aware adaptation of Internet services in a mobile computing environment. The CARE hybrid reasoning mechanism is based on a loose interaction between ontological reasoning and efficient reasoning in a restricted logic programming language. In this paper we report recent experimental results on ontology-based context reasoning that support the hybrid approach
A hybrid sequence-selective ribonuclease S (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA hybrid sequence-selective ribonuclease SRonald N. Zuckermann and Peter G. SchultzCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 19, 6592–6594Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00227a066https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00227a066research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views144Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Selbstverschuldete Enttäuschung (1980)

Selbstverschuldete Enttäuschung kann man sehr leicht auf dem Gebiete der militärischen Sicherheit erleben. Zum Beispiel hatte Lord Cherwell während des zweiten Weltkrieges einen Paß, der ihm den Zutritt zu jeglicher Regierungseinrichtung erlauben sollte. So ein universell gültiger und wichtiger Paß konnte nur Persönlichkeiten von höchster Verantwortung ausgehändigt werden; die meisten Leute hatten Pässe, die ihnen den Zutritt zu lediglich einem besonderen Objekt ermöglichten. Da es nur wenig Menschen von vergleichbarer Verantwortung wie Lord Cherwell gab, gab es auch nur sehr wenige Pässe dieser Art. Darüberhinaus wurde das Aussehen dieses Passes vertraulich gehalten, so daß er nicht so leicht gefälscht werden konnte. Dies hatte zur Folge, daß äußerst wenige Wachmannschaften ihn jemals gesehen hatten und so hatte Lord Cherwell stets größte Mühe, sie zu überzeugen, daß der Paß echt war und er eingelassen werden durfte.
ZD1839 (Iressa), a novel epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor, potently inhibits the growth of EGFR-positive cancer cell lines with or without erbB2 overexpression (2001)

Overexpression of the growth factor receptors EGFR and erbB2 occurs frequently in several human cancers and is associated with aggressive tumour behaviour and poor patient prognosis. We have investigated the effects of ZD1839 (Iressa), a novel EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor, on the growth, in vitro and in vivo, of human cancer cell lines expressing various levels of EGFR and erbB2. Proliferation of EGFR-overexpressing A431 and MDA-MB-231 cells in vitro was potently inhibited (50%-70%) by ZD1839 with half-maximally effective doses in the low nanomolar range. In parallel, ZD1839 blocked autophosphorylation of EGFR and prevented activation of PLC-gamma 1, ERK MAP kinases and PKB/Akt by EGF. It also inhibited proliferation in EGFR(+) cancer cell lines overexpressing erbB2 (SKBr3, SKOV3, BT474) by between 20% and 80%, effects which correlated with inhibition of EGF-dependent erbB2 phosphorylation and activation of ERK MAP kinase and PKB/Akt in SKOV3 cells. Oral administration of ZD1839 inhibited the growth of MDA-MB-231 and SKOV3 tumours, established as xenografts in athymic mice, by 71% and 32%, respectively. Growth inhibition coincided with reduced proliferation but no change in apoptotic index. Collectively, these results show that ZD1839, at the doses studied, is a potent inhibitor of proliferation not only in cells overexpressing EGFR but also in EGFR(+) cells that overexpress erbB2.
Cellular Events during Induction of Immunologic Unresponsiveness in Adult Mice (1971)

Abstract A specific and completely unresponsive state in adult mice was induced at the cellular level with ultracentrifuged human γ globulin (HGG). The cellular kinetics of induction of unresponsiveness were quantitated using a cell transfer system and the hemolytic plaque assay to detect plaque-forming cells to HGG. The results demonstrated that although 100% of the cells were not unresponsive until the 4th or 5th day after injection of tolerogen, 75% of the cells were unresponsive 6 hr following tolerogen. The kinetic curve did not reflect sequential induction to determinants located on the Fc and Fab fragments of HGG. Furthermore, the process of inducing unresponsiveness to HGG did not demonstrate antibody-forming cells detectable by the hemolytic plaque assay in the spleens of tolerogen-treated mice.
System-level implications of disaggregated memory (2012)

Recent research on memory disaggregation introduces a new architectural building block — the memory blade — as a cost-effective approach for memory capacity expansion and sharing for an ensemble of blade servers. Memory blades augment blade servers' local memory capacity with a second-level (remote) memory that can be dynamically apportioned among blades in response to changing capacity demand, albeit at a higher access latency. In this paper, we build on the prior research to explore the software and systems implications of disaggregated memory. We develop a software-based prototype by extending the Xen hypervisor to emulate a disaggregated memory design wherein remote pages are swapped into local memory on-demand upon access. Our prototyping effort reveals that low-latency remote memory calls for a different regime of replacement policies than conventional disk paging, favoring minimal hypervisor overhead even at the cost of using less sophisticated replacement policies. Second, we demonstrate the synergy between disaggregated memory and content-based page sharing. By allowing content to be shared both within and across blades (in local and remote memory, respectively), we find that their combination provides greater workload consolidation opportunity and performance-per-dollar than either technique alone. Finally, we explore a realistic deployment scenario in which disaggregated memory is used to reduce the scaling cost of a memcached system. We show that disaggregated memory can provide a 50% improvement in performance-per-dollar relative to conventional scale-out.
Combined optical and neural network fingerprint matching (1997)

This paper presents results on direct optical matching of inked and real-time fingerprint images. Direct optical correlations and hybrid optical neural network correlation are used in the matching system for inked fingerprints. Prehminary results on optical matching of real-time fingerprints use optical correlation. The test samples used in the inked image experiments are the fingerprint taken from NIST database SD-9. These images, in both binary and gray level forms, are stored in a VanderLugt correlator Tests of typical cross correlations and auto correlation sensitivity for both binary and 8 bit gray images are presented. When global correlations are tested on a second inked image results are found to be strongly influenced by plastic distortion of the Anger. When the correlations are used to generate features that are localized to parts of each fingerprint and combined using a neural network classification network and separate class-by-class matching networks, 84.3% matching accuracy is obtained on a test set of 100,000 image pairs. Initial results with real-time images suggest that the difficulties resulting from finger deformation can be avoided by combining many different distorted images when the hologram is constructed in the correlator. Testing this process wiU require analysis of 10-20 second sequences of digital video.
Service-oriented information extraction (2011)

The growth of unstructured data being available in the Internet, private and enterprise file shares demands flexible and generic solutions to extract the included information. Current information extraction solutions focus on domain specific approaches manually built together and adapted for a preassigned task. Moreover they suffer from uncertainty and inaccurate results, especially when the domain slightly changes. In this paper, we propose a new service-oriented information extraction approach to overcome the present disadvantages. We outline the major topics involved in the development of such a system and point to research questions we want to address in the doctoral work.
An approach to quantitative proteome analysis by labeling tryptophan residues (2003)

This report describes a method for quantification and sequence identification of individual proteins in complex mixtures. The method is based on labeling with the chemical reagent 2-nitrobenzenesulfenyl chloride (NBSCl) in conjunction with tandem mass spectrometry. In this method, selective introduction of the 2-nitrobenzenesulfenyl (NBS) moiety onto tryptophan residues is achieved, and a 6 Da mass differential is generated using (13)C(6)-labeled NBSCl (NBSCl-(13)C(6)) and (12)C(6)-labeled NBSCl (NBSCl-(12)C(6)). The 6 Da mass differential between the NBS-(12)C(6)-labeled and the NBS-(13)C(6)-labeled peptides assigns a mass signature to all tryptophan-containing peptides in any pool of proteolytic digests for protein identification through peptide mass mapping. Using this strategy, we compared the protein expression in rat sera using a normal (control) rat (Crj:Wistar) and a hyperglycemic rat (GK/Crj). The stable isotope dilution techniques used in this method provide highly accurate relative quantification. The NBS approach offers a widely applicable means of analyzing protein mixtures derived from biological samples, and the method described here presents an effective and simplified approach to proteome analysis.
The 2012 US Model BIT and What the Changes (or Lack Thereof) Suggest About Future Investment Treaties (2012)

In April of this year the US State Department released a new version of its model bilateral investment treaty (BIT). This text, like the various models the US has used over roughly the past 3 decades, represents the US’s basic policy position when it starts negotiations on investment treaties with other countries, and is therefore an important benchmark for the outcome US investors might hope for as a result of ongoing and potential future talks with countries such as China, Russia, and India. Overall, this new model text follows the approach taken by the US in its investment treaties over at least the past decade, indicating the US’s continued satisfaction with both its undefeated record as a respondent state in investor-state arbitrations, and the protection its investment treaties have given to US investors abroad. The rather few changes that have been made appear to reflect efforts to address concerns triggered by relatively recent developments such as the growth of investment into and from China and the global financial crisis, as well as more persistent issues regarding whether and how to reconcile investment treaties with national and international policies on environmental and labor standards.
Binary-Relational Storage Structures (1982)

Any database, no matter how complex, can be represented as a set of binary-relationships. Consequently, a structure which can store such binary-relationships is logically sufficient as the storage mechanism for a general purpose database management system. For certain applications, the advantages of using such a structure would appear to outweigh the disadvantages. Surprisingly, however, very few systems have been built which use a binary-relational storage structure. The main reason would appear to be the difficulty of implementing such structures efficiently.
Characterization of the laser-based release of micropallets from arrays (2008)

The micropallet array system uses a pulsed laser to release pallets tens of microns to hundreds of micrometers in size from a larger array, enabling selective isolation of single cells adherent to the pallets. We characterize the laser-based release of pallets with respect to pallet array and laser parameters. The threshold laser energy required for pallet release increases linearly with the area of the pallet in contact with the underlying glass substrate. The spacing of the pallets within an array as well as the thickness or height of the pallet does not impact the energy required to release a pallet. Delivery of multiple laser pulses decreases the energy/pulse required for pallet release when the pallets were 100 microm or greater on a side. In addition to the square pallets, complex structures such as cantilevers and spirals could be released without damage using the pulsed laser. Identification of the pallet-array variables influencing the energy required for pallet release as well as strategies to minimize this energy will prove critical in optimizing the release of pallets with cells on the arrays.
Somatic mutation and CDR3 lengths of immunoglobulin kappa light chains expressed in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and in normal individuals. (1995)

Immunoglobulin secretion by plasma cells infiltrating synovial membranes is a prominent feature of RA. Previous analyses of a cDNA library generated from synovium of RA patient BC revealed immunoglobulin kappa light chain transcripts with extensive somatic mutation, frequent N region addition, and unexpected variation in the lengths of CDR3 regions which form the center of the antigen binding site. To determine if these characteristics are present in other individuals, we performed reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction amplification and sequenced > or = 10 V kappa-containing amplicons from nine tissue samples: synovia of three individuals with long-standing RA (including patient BC), PBLs of two of these individuals, and PBLs or splenocytes of four normal individuals. Increased levels of somatic mutation in PBLs appeared to correlate with increased age, which may reflect accumulation of circulating memory cells and/or decreased bone marrow production of naive B lymphocytes. Two of three RA synovial samples and both RA PBL samples exhibited increased proportions of clones with unusual CDR3 lengths. Enrichment for these antibody binding sites could be due to abnormal regulation of the emerging repertoire or to selection for B lymphocytes bearing antibodies of unusual specificity, and may play a role in the pathogenesis of RA.
RASL: Robust alignment by sparse and low-rank decomposition for linearly correlated images (2010)

This paper studies the problem of simultaneously aligning a batch of linearly correlated images despite gross corruption (such as occlusion). Our method seeks an optimal set of image domain transformations such that the matrix of transformed images can be decomposed as the sum of a sparse matrix of errors and a low-rank matrix of recovered aligned images. We reduce this extremely challenging optimization problem to a sequence of convex programs that minimize the sum of ℓ <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> -norm and nuclear norm of the two component matrices, which can be efficiently solved by scalable convex optimization techniques with guaranteed fast convergence. We verify the efficacy of the proposed robust alignment algorithm with extensive experiments with both controlled and uncontrolled real data, demonstrating higher accuracy and efficiency than existing methods over a wide range of realistic misalignments and corruptions.