gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Processing sites in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Gag-Pro-Pol precursor are cleaved by the viral protease at different rates (2005)

We have examined the kinetics of processing of the HIV-1 Gag-Pro-Pol precursor in an in vitro assay with mature protease added in trans. The processing sites were cleaved at different rates to produce distinct intermediates. The initial cleavage occurred at the p2/NC site. Intermediate cleavages occurred at similar rates at the MA/CA and RT/IN sites, and to a lesser extent at sites upstream of RT. Late cleavages occurred at the sites flanking the protease (PR) domain, suggesting sequestering of these sites. We observed paired intermediates indicative of half- cleavage of RT/RH site, suggesting that the RT domain in Gag-Pro-Pol was in a dimeric form under these assay conditions. These results clarify our understanding of the processing kinetics of the Gag-Pro-Pol precursor and suggest regulated cleavage. Our results further suggest that early dimerization of the PR and RT domains may serve as a regulatory element to influence the kinetics of processing within the Pol domain.
Active and Passive Vaccination against Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome with Andes Virus M Genome Segment-Based DNA Vaccine (2003)

Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a rapidly progressing human disease with one of the highest case fatality rates (30 to 50%) of any acute viral disease known. There are no vaccines, effective antiviral drugs, or immunologics to prevent or treat HPS. In an attempt to develop HPS medical countermeasures, we constructed an expression plasmid, pWRG/AND-M, that contains the full-length M genome segment of Andes virus (ANDV), a South American hantavirus. Transfection experiments in cell culture indicated that both the G1 and G2 glycoproteins are expressed from pWRG/AND-M. Rhesus macaques vaccinated by gene gun with pWRG/AND-M developed remarkably high levels of neutralizing antibodies that not only neutralized ANDV but also cross-neutralized other HPS-associated hantaviruses, including Sin Nombre virus. To determine if the antibodies elicited in the monkeys could confer protection, we performed a series of passive-transfer experiments using a recently described lethal HPS animal model (i.e., adult Syrian hamsters develop HPS and die within 10 to 15 days after challenge with ANDV). When injected into hamsters 1 day before challenge, sera from the vaccinated monkeys either provided sterile protection or delayed the onset of HPS and death. When injected on day 4 or 5 after challenge, the monkey sera protected 100% of the hamsters from lethal disease. These data provide a proof of concept for a gene-based HPS vaccine and also demonstrate the potential value of a postexposure immunoprophylactic to treat individuals after exposure, or potential exposure, to these highly lethal hantaviruses.
Vibration energy harvesting by magnetostrictive material (2008)

A new class of vibration energy harvester based on magnetostrictive material (MsM), Metglas 2605SC, is designed, developed and tested. It contains two submodules: an MsM harvesting device and an energy harvesting circuit. Compared to piezoelectric materials, the Metglas 2605SC offers advantages including higher energy conversion efficiency, longer life cycles, lack of depolarization and higher flexibility to survive in strong ambient vibrations. To enhance the energy conversion efficiency and alleviate the need of a bias magnetic field, Metglas ribbons are transversely annealed by a strong magnetic field along their width direction. To analyze the MsM harvesting device a generalized electromechanical circuit model is derived from Hamilton's principle in conjunction with the normal mode superposition method based on Euler–Bernoulli beam theory. The MsM harvesting device is equivalent to an electromechanical gyrator in series with an inductor. In addition, the proposed model can be readily extended to a more practical case of a cantilever beam element with a tip mass. The energy harvesting circuit, which interfaces with a wireless sensor and accumulates the harvested energy into an ultracapacitor, is designed on a printed circuit board (PCB) with plane dimension 25 mm × 35 mm. It mainly consists of a voltage quadrupler, a 3 F ultracapacitor and a smart regulator. The output DC voltage from the PCB can be adjusted within 2.0–5.5 V. In experiments, the maximum output power and power density on the resistor can reach 200 µW and 900 µW cm−3, respectively, at a low frequency of 58 Hz. For a working prototype under a vibration with resonance frequency of 1.1 kHz and peak acceleration of 8.06 m s−2 (0.82 g), the average power and power density during charging the ultracapacitor can achieve 576 µW and 606 µW cm−3, respectively, which compete favorably with piezoelectric vibration energy harvesters.
A new page table for 64-bit address spaces (1995)

article Free Access Share on A new page table for 64-bit address spaces Authors: M. Talluri Computer Sciences Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI and Sun Microsystems Laboratories, 2550 Garcia Ave., MTV-29, Mountain View, CA Computer Sciences Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI and Sun Microsystems Laboratories, 2550 Garcia Ave., MTV-29, Mountain View, CAView Profile , M. D. Hill Computer Sciences Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI Computer Sciences Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WIView Profile , Y. A. Khalidi Sun Microsystems Laboratories, 2550 Garcia Ave., MTV-29, Mountain View, CA Sun Microsystems Laboratories, 2550 Garcia Ave., MTV-29, Mountain View, CAView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems ReviewVolume 29Issue 5Dec. 3, 1995 pp 184–200https://doi.org/10.1145/224057.224071Published:03 December 1995Publication History 53citation1,685DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations53Total Downloads1,685Last 12 Months96Last 6 weeks15 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Dendrimer-like Star Polymers (1998)

Dendrimer-like star polymers, a novel type of molecular architecture, have been synthesized. The architecture of the new polymers resembles that of three-dimensional spherical dendrimers as well as classical star polymers. The controlled structures, based on aliphatic polyesters, are synthesized by a divergent growth approach. A hexa hydroxy-functional 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid (bis-MPA) derivative was used as the “initiator” for the stannous-2-ethylhexanoate (Sn(Oct)2) catalyzed living ring opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone. The polymerization generated a six-arm polymer with a molecular weight of 14 300 (Mn) and a Mw/Mn of 1.06. The new polymer was functionalized with a protected bis-MPA, deprotected, and used as the “macroinitiator” for the polymerization of a second generation 12 armed poly(ε-caprolactone) (Mn = 42 300, Mw/Mn = 1.16). Another iteration of the same procedure generated a third generation 24 arm dendrimer-like star polymer with a Mn of 96 000 and Mw/Mn of 1.14. The complete initiation and functionalization was carefully investigated by 1H and 13C NMR. These novel polymers are different from traditional dendritic materials in that this synthetic strategy allows these well defined highly branched polymers to reach a high molecular weight in only a few steps. In addition these materials are semicrystalline.
Treatment of canine atopic dermatitis with a commercial homeopathic remedy: a single-blinded, placebo-controlled study. (2002)

A commercial homeopathic remedy and a placebo were administered orally as individual agents to 18 dogs with atopic dermatitis. The pruritus was reduced by less than 50% in only 2/18 dogs; 1 of these dogs was receiving the homeopathic remedy, the other was receiving the placebo. One dog vomited after administration of the homeopathic remedy.
Inhibition of Neutral Endopeptidase 24.11 does not Potentiate the Improvement in Glycemic Control Obtained with Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibition in Diabetic Goto–Kakizaki Rats (2009)

Udgivelsesdato: 2009-Nov
Optical interconnects to silicon CMOS (2002)

There are even greater problems for off-chip interconnects than on-chip ones. It is possible to break long on-chip interconnects up using on-chip repeater amplifiers, but that approach is very inconvenient off of the chip. Consequently, off-chip interconnects are a particularly attractive first implementation of optical interconnects to silicon chips. Optical interconnects are interesting for many reasons other than this scaling argument. They are immune to electromagnetic interference and crosstalk, they provide voltage isolation, they can have very low loss, and. they allow use of free-space optics, imaging many light beams from one chip to another. Historically a great impediment to integrating optical interconnects with CMOS was the absence of suitable optical output devices. Fortunately there are now two devices that may be able to fill this role - quantum-well modulator diodes, and vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs).
DENDRAL and Meta-DENDRAL: roots of knowledge systems and expert system applications (1994)

During AI's first decade (1956-1966), the task environments in which AI scientists investigated their basic science issues were generally idealized clean task environments, such as propositional calculus theorem proving and puzzle solving. After the mid-1960s, a bolder and more applied inclination to choose complex real-world problems as task environments became evident. These efforts were both successful and exciting, in two ways. First, the AI programs were achieving high levels of competence at solving certain problems that human specialists found challenging (the excitement was that our AI techniques were indeed powerful and that we were taking the first steps toward the dream of the very smart machine). Second, these complex real-world task environments were proving to be excellent at stimulating basic science questions for the AI science, in knowledge representation, problem solving, and machine learning. To recognize and illuminate this trend, the Artificial Intelligence Journal in 1978 sponsored a special issue on applications of artificial intelligence.
Development of a large static VAr generator using self-commutated inverters for improving power system stability (1993)

A static VAr generator (SVG) using self-commutated inverters of 80 MVA capacity was developed and successfully applied to an annual 154 KV power system to stabilize the power system. The SVG consists of 48 pulse multiple inverters whereby gate turn-off (GTO) thyristors are applied. After installing it at a power system site, a field test was conducted to confirm the system stabilizing effect. The test results displayed the expected performance, and the SVG was proven to be effective power system stabilizer. The outline of the 80 MVA SVG, technical features, and the test results are described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Retrieval of wave aberration of human eyes from actual point-spread-function data (1988)

The wave aberration of human eyes is retrieved from actual point-spread-function (PSF) data and the modulus of the pupil function. The PSF had been obtained previously by application of a hybrid optical-digital method developed recently. The retrieval is done by using a bidimensional Gerchberg-Saxton phase-retrieval algorithm joined to an iterative phase-unwrapping algorithm. To obtain an adequate convergence, the initial wave aberration for starting the retrieval-unwrapping algorithm is estimated with a nonlinear least-squares algorithm. The resulting wave aberrations for several subjects show irregular aberrations superimposed upon the regular wave-aberration components, with astigmatism being the most important asymmetric aberration.
Mesoporous silicananoparticles for the design of smart delivery nanodevices (2012)

Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNPs) are receiving growing attention by the scientific community for their groundbreaking potential in nanomedicine. It is possible to load huge amounts of cargo into the mesopore voids and capping the pore entrances with different nanogates. Different internal or external stimuli can provoke the nanocap removal and trigger the departure of the cargo, which permits the design of stimuli-responsive drug delivery nanodevices. It is also feasible to combine the multifunctionality of MSNPs with the wide range of applications of magnetic nanoparticles (mNPs), giving rise to advanced smart nanosystems whose features and functionality can be tailored attending to specific clinical needs. This review describes the possible combinations of MSNPs, stimuli-responsive nanocaps and mNPs and the current scientific challenges aimed at accelerating the progression from bench to bedside.
Hybrid millimeter-wave push-push oscillators using silicon-germanium HBTs (2003)

Push-push design has proven to be an efficient way to extend the usable frequency range of active devices for oscillator applications. In this paper, the basic principles of push-push oscillator design are explained and various possibilities to realize this concept are shown. Several examples of hybrid millimeter-wave push-push oscillators using SiGe HBTs as active devices are discussed. Details on large-signal modeling of the SiGe HBTs using both a vertical bipolar integrated-circuit model, as well as a customized large-signal model are given. Measured key performance data of microstrip resonator oscillators at 57 and 58 GHz are output power levels of +1 dBm and single-sideband phase-noise figures (1-MHz offset from carrier) of -106 and -108 dBm/Hz, respectively. For the dielectric-resonator oscillators, a maximum output power of -8 dBm and an optimum phase noise of -112 dBc/Hz (-14-dBm output power), as well as a mechanical tuning range of 500 MHz were measured.
A novel EVI1 gene family, MEL1, lacking a PR domain (MEL1S) is expressed mainly in t(1;3)(p36;q21)-positive AML and blocks G-CSF–induced myeloid differentiation (2003)

We have identified a novel gene MEL1 (MDS1/EVI1-like gene 1) encoding a zinc finger protein near the breakpoint of t(1; 3)(p36;q21)-positive human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. Here, we studied the structure, expression pattern, and function of MEL1 in leukemia cells. In this study, we have identified 3 transcription start sites, 1 in exon 1 and 2 in exon 2, and 2 kinds of translation products, 170 kDa (MEL1) and 150 kDa (MEL1S). Notably, the 150-kDa band of MEL1S was detected mainly in the t(1;3)(p36;q21)-positive AML cells. By immunoblot analysis and proteolytic mapping, it is suggested that the 150-kDa band of MEL1S in the leukemia cells is translated from the internal initiation codon ATG597 in exon 4 and is mostly lacking the amino-terminal PR domain of MEL1. By the cyclic amplification and selection of targets (CASTing) method for identifying consensus sequences, it was shown that the consensus sequences of MEL1 were included in 2 different consensus sequences for DNA-binding domain 1 and 2 (D1-CONS and D2-CONS) of EVI1. In reporter gene assays, MEL1S activated transcription via binding to D2-CONS; however, the fusion of MEL1 or MEL1S to GAL4 DNA-binding domain (DBD) made them GAL4 binding site-dependent transcriptional repressors. Moreover, overexpression of MEL1S blocked granulocytic differentiation induced by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in interleukin-3 (IL-3)-dependent murine myeloid L-G3 cells, while MEL1 could not block the differentiation. Thus, it is likely that overexpression of the zinc finger protein lacking the PR domain (EVI1 and MEL1S) in the leukemia cells is one of the causative factors in the pathogenesis of myeloid leukemia.
In situ quantitative analysis of etching process of human teeth by atomic force microscopy (2005)

Etching is one of the most fundamental steps in the restoration of teeth by adhesion of composite resin in dental clinics. Atomic force microscope (AFM) was used for the in situ observation of the etching process of human enamel, dentin and synthetic hydroxyapatite in the three different acid agents, 2% phosphoric acid, 10% citric acid and 10% polyacrylic acid. To measure the absolute depth from the initial level before etching and to correlate the surface height between the changing AFM images obtained, the depth profiles were recorded with etching time by carrying out the line scan consecutively at the representative place of the observed area. These chronological series of depth profiles enabled us to perform quantitative analysis of etched amount in addition to the surface roughness obtained from relative depth profile within one image. The course of etching process from the dissolution of smear layer, appearance of enamel prizms or dentinal tubules to progress of demineralization could clearly be observed. The depth profile, surface roughness, etching amount, etching rate and smear layer thickness could then be evaluated. The different etching characteristics of three acid agents and the effect of surface roughness produced by different mechanical prepolish were compared and discussed.
Effect of 5-Aza-2’-deoxycytidine on immune-associated proteins in exosomes from hepatoma (2010)

5-Aza-CdR, an inhibitor of DNA methyltransferase, can increase exosomes produced by hepatoma cells and immune-associated protein component of exosomes, which may be mediated by p53 gene up-regulation and 5-aza-CdR demethylation.
Cytokinin-like Activity of Benomyl as a Senescence Inhibitor of Broccoli Heads1 (1973)

Abstract Postharvest dip of methyl 1 -(bu tyl carbamoyl)2-benzimidazolecarbamate (benomyl) prolonged the storage life of broccoli ( Brassica oleracea L. Italica group), similar to the effect of 6-benzylamino purine (BA). Both compounds were effective in maintaining the green color of broccoli heads stored under high temperature conditions.
Iron(II) EDTA Used to Measure the Helical Twist Along Any DNA Molecule (1985)

A new method has been devised to measure the number of base pairs per helical turn along any DNA molecule in solution. A DNA restriction fragment is adsorbed onto crystalline calcium phosphate, fragmented by reaction with iron(II) EDTA, and subjected to electrophoresis on a denaturing polyacrylamide gel. A modulated cutting pattern results, which gives directly the helical periodicity of the DNA molecule. A 150-base pair sequence directly upstream of the thymidine kinase gene of the type 1 herpes simplex virus was found to have an overall helical twist of 10.5 base pairs per turn, which is characteristic of the B conformation of DNA. In addition, purines 3' to pyrimidines showed lower than expected reactivity toward the iron cutting reagent, which is evidence for sequence-dependent variability in DNA conformation.
VINS-Mono: A Robust and Versatile Monocular Visual-Inertial State Estimator (2018)

One camera and one low-cost inertial measurement unit (IMU) form a monocular visual-inertial system (VINS), which is the minimum sensor suite (in size, weight, and power) for the metric six degrees-of-freedom (DOF) state estimation. In this paper, we present VINS-Mono: a robust and versatile monocular visual-inertial state estimator. Our approach starts with a robust procedure for estimator initialization. A tightly coupled, nonlinear optimization-based method is used to obtain highly accurate visual-inertial odometry by fusing preintegrated IMU measurements and feature observations. A loop detection module, in combination with our tightly coupled formulation, enables relocalization with minimum computation. We additionally perform 4-DOF pose graph optimization to enforce the global consistency. Furthermore, the proposed system can reuse a map by saving and loading it in an efficient way. The current and previous maps can be merged together by the global pose graph optimization. We validate the performance of our system on public datasets and real-world experiments and compare against other state-of-the-art algorithms. We also perform an onboard closed-loop autonomous flight on the microaerial-vehicle platform and port the algorithm to an iOS-based demonstration. We highlight that the proposed work is a reliable, complete, and versatile system that is applicable for different applications that require high accuracy in localization. We open source our implementations for both PCs ( <uri xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">https://github.com/HKUST-Aerial-Robotics/VINS-Mono</uri> ) and iOS mobile devices ( <uri xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> https://github.com/HKUST-Aerial-Robotics/VINS-Mobile</uri> ).
Using relevance feedback in content-based image metasearch (1998)

MetaSeek is an image metasearch engine developed to explore the querying of large, distributed, online visual information systems. The current implementation integrates user feedback into a performance-ranking mechanism. MetaSeek selects and queries the target image search engines according to their success under similar query conditions in previous searches. The current implementation keeps track of each target engine's performance by integrating user feedback for each visual query into a performance database. We begin with a review of the issues in content-based visual query, then describe the current MetaSeek implementation. We present the results of experiments that evaluated the implementation in comparison to a previous version of the system and a baseline engine that randomly selects the individual search engines to query. We conclude by summarizing open issues for future research.
The Immunologic and Genetic Basis of Psoriasis (1999)

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Interactions of apolipoprotein E genotype, total cholesterol level, age, and sex in prediction of Alzheimer's disease (1995)

A pathologic role of higher TC or cholesterol-based differential survival of epsilon 4-carrying individuals may be involved in the relationship of the epsilon 4 allele with AD. The observed association of the APOE genotype and AD is expected to depend on the age, sex, and TC distributions of a given sample.