gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bmp signaling is required for development of primary lens fiber cells (2002)

We have investigated the role of Bmp signaling in development of the mouse lens using three experimental strategies. First, we have shown that the Bmp ligand inhibitor noggin can suppress the differentiation of primary lens fiber cells in explant culture. Second, we have expressed a dominant-negative form of the type 1 Bmp family receptor Alk6 (Bmpr1b -- Mouse Genome Informatics) in the lens in transgenic mice and shown that an inhibition of primary fiber cell differentiation can be detected at E13.5. Interestingly, the observed inhibition of primary fiber cell development was asymmetrical and appeared only on the nasal side of the lens in the ventral half. Expression of the inhibitory form of Alk6 was driven either by the alpha A-cystallin promoter or the ectoderm enhancer from the Pax6 gene in two different transgenes. These expression units drive transgene expression in distinct patterns that overlap in the equatorial cells of the lens vesicle at E12.5. Despite the distinctions between the transgenes, they caused primary fiber cell differentiation defects that were essentially identical, which implied that the equatorial lens vesicle cells were responding to Bmp signals in permitting primary fiber cells to develop. Importantly, E12.5 equatorial lens vesicle cells showed cell-surface immunoreactivity for bone-morphogenetic protein receptor type 2 and nuclear immunoreactivity for the active, phosphorylated form of the Bmp responsive Smads. This indicated that these cells had the machinery for Bmp signaling and were responding to Bmp signals. We conclude that Bmp signaling is required for primary lens fiber cell differentiation and, given the asymmetry of the differentiation inhibition, that distinct differentiation stimuli may be active in different quadrants of the eye.
Inverted-space storage organization for persistent data of very high dimensionality (2002)

Contemporary database technology is severely limited in managing the high-dimensional data of many advanced applications, such as multimedia systems and data mining. The main concern of this paper is the well-known performance degradation of multi-dimensional access methods in spaces with many dimensions. The paper proposes an elaborate storage organization, called the inverted space, which can support efficient processing of data in spaces with very high dimensionality. The organization allows system administrators to control the size of spatial indexes and thereby to avoid the negative impact of extremely high data dimensionality on the retrieval performance. In addition, this paper introduces a new point access method designed to address numerous other problems that contemporary retrieval schemes experience in high-dimensional situations. This mechanism is envisioned to serve as the core indexing structure of inverted-space storage organizations.
Ospemifene, a novel selective estrogen receptor modulator for treating dyspareunia associated with postmenopausal vulvar and vaginal atrophy (2013)

In this study, once-daily oral ospemifene 60 mg was effective for the treatment of vulvar and vaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women with dyspareunia.
THE USE OF BETA-PROPIOLACTONE FOR THE PREPARATION OF VIRUS VACCINES: II. ANTIGENICITY (1957)

An investigation has been made of the antigenicity of influenza virus suspensions rendered noninfective with beta-propiolactone (BPL). By treatment with BPL under various conditions, influenza vaccines could be prepared which were antigenic as indicated by production of specific antibody response in mice and guinea pigs. These vaccines were also immunizing as evidenced by their capacity to protect mice against challenge with live virus.
Stimulation of Adenosine 3′:5′-Cyclic Monophosphate Accumulation in Anterior Pituitary Gland <i>In Vitro</i> by Synthetic Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone (1972)

A near-maximal dose (20 ng/ml) of synthetic luteinizing hormone(LH)-releasing hormone/follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)-releasing hormone added to incubated anterior pituitary tissue of male rats leads to concomitant increases of intracellular concentrations of adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate and of release of both LH and FSH. The stimulatory effect of LH-releasing hormone/FSH-releasing hormone is observed after a lag period of about 90 min and is progressive at later time intervals; a 3-fold stimulation of cAMP accumulation over control is seen after 210 min of incubation. Half-maximal stimulation of cAMP accumulation is observed between 0.1 and 1.0 ng/ml (0.1-1 nM) of LH-releasing hormone/FSH-releasing hormone. In the presence of 10 mM theophylline, the stimulatory effect of LH-releasing hormone/FSH-releasing hormone on cAMP accumulation is similar to that observed in the absence of the inhibitor of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase, indicating that the releasing hormone exerts its effect by specific activation of adenylate cyclase in LH- and FSH-secreting cells rather than by inhibition of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase. Since the release of growth hormone, thyrotropin, prolactin, and adrenocorticotropic hormone is not affected by LH-releasing hormone/FSH-releasing hormone, and since cAMP stimulates the release of all six adenohypophyseal hormones. the observed changes of cAMP concentrations indicate specific stimulation of adenylate cyclase activity in LH-and FSH-secreting cells of the adenohypophysis.
Exaggerated nociceptive responses on morphine withdrawal: roles of protein kinase C ε and γ (2004)

On withdrawal from opioids many patients experience a heightened sensitivity to stimuli and an exaggerated pain response. The phenomenon has been little studied in infants. We present evidence that in postnatal day 7 rats an exaggerated nociceptive ventral root response of spinal cords in vitro and withdrawal-associated thermal hyperalgesia in vivo are dependent on protein kinase C (PKC), and we document the roles of PKC and gamma isozymes. In vitro, the slow ventral root potential (sVRP) is a nociceptive-related response in spinal cord that is depressed by morphine and recovers to levels significantly above control on administration of naloxone. A broad-spectrum PKC antagonist, GF109213X, blocked withdrawal hyperresponsiveness of the sVRP whereas an antagonist specific to Ca(++)-dependent isozymes, Go69076, did not. Consistent with this finding, a specific peptide inhibitor of calcium-independent PKC, but not an inhibitor of calcium-dependent PKC gamma, blocked withdrawal hyperresponsiveness of the sVRP. Similarly, in vivo in 7-day-old rat pups, inhibition of PKC, but not PKC gamma, prevented thermal hyperalgesia precipitated by naloxone at 30 min post-morphine. In contrast, thermal hyperalgesia during spontaneous withdrawal was inhibited by both PKC and gamma inhibitors. The consistency between the in vivo and in vitro findings with respect to naloxone-precipitated withdrawal provides further evidence that the sVRP reflects nociceptive neurotransmission. In addition the difference between naloxone-precipitated and spontaneous withdrawal in vivo suggests that in postnatal day 7 rats, morphine exposure produces an early phase of primary afferent sensitization dependent upon PKC translocation, followed by a later phase involving spinal sensitization mediated by PKC gamma.
Tunable electroluminescence and photoluminescence in phenylenevinylene‐naphthylenevinylene copolymers** (1995)

Color tuning of the electro‐ and photoluminescence from naphthalenevinylene–PPV–based light‐emitting diodes between yellow‐green and red is reported. Band structure considerations are employed to explain that chemical selectivity and selective band‐gap tuning are observed in some of the copolymers studied but not in others. It is also found that light emission can be tuned by changing the thickness of the copolymer film in the LED.
Design of a Biomimetic Directional Microphone Diaphragm (2000)

Abstract A miniature silicon condenser microphone diaphragm has been designed that exhibits good predicted directionality, sensitivity, and reliability. The design was based on the structure of a fly’s ear (Ormia ochracea) that has highly directional hearing through mechanical coupling of the eardrums. The diaphragm that is 1mm × 2mm × 20 microns is intended to be fabricated out of polysilicon through microelectromechanical micromachining. It was designed through the finite-element method in ANSYS in order to build the necessary mode shapes and frequencies into the mechanical behavior of the design. Through postprocessing of the ANSYS data, the diaphragm’s response to an arbitrary sound source, sensitivity, robustness, and Articulation Index - Directivity Index (AI-DI) were predicted. The design should yield a sensitivity as high as 100 mV/Pa, an AI-DI of 4.764 with Directivity Index as high as 6 between 1.5 and 5 kHz. The diaphragm structure was predicted be able to withstand a sound pressure level of 151.74 dB. The sound level that would result in collapse of the capacitive sensor is 129.9 dB.. The equivalent sound level due to the self-noise of the microphone is predicted to be 30.8 dBA.
Modeling somatic computation with non-neural bioelectric networks (2019)

The field of basal cognition seeks to understand how adaptive, context-specific behavior occurs in non-neural biological systems. Embryogenesis and regeneration require plasticity in many tissue types to achieve structural and functional goals in diverse circumstances. Thus, advances in both evolutionary cell biology and regenerative medicine require an understanding of how non-neural tissues could process information. Neurons evolved from ancient cell types that used bioelectric signaling to perform computation. However, it has not been shown whether or how non-neural bioelectric cell networks can support computation. We generalize connectionist methods to non-neural tissue architectures, showing that a minimal non-neural Bio-Electric Network (BEN) model that utilizes the general principles of bioelectricity (electrodiffusion and gating) can compute. We characterize BEN behaviors ranging from elementary logic gates to pattern detectors, using both fixed and transient inputs to recapitulate various biological scenarios. We characterize the mechanisms of such networks using dynamical-systems and information-theory tools, demonstrating that logic can manifest in bidirectional, continuous, and relatively slow bioelectrical systems, complementing conventional neural-centric architectures. Our results reveal a variety of non-neural decision-making processes as manifestations of general cellular biophysical mechanisms and suggest novel bioengineering approaches to construct functional tissues for regenerative medicine and synthetic biology as well as new machine learning architectures.
Kinetics of the reaction between carbon dioxide and tertiary amines (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTKinetics of the reaction between carbon dioxide and tertiary aminesJohn E. Crooks and J. Paul DonnellanCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 4, 1372–1374Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00291a056https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00291a056research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views782Altmetric-Citations58LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Multiple Molecular Subtypes of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Critically Rely on Androgen Receptor and Respond to Enzalutamide <i>In Vivo</i> (2015)

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has the lowest 5-year survival rate of invasive breast carcinomas, and currently there are no approved targeted therapies for this aggressive form of the disease. The androgen receptor (AR) is expressed in up to one third of TNBC and we find that all AR(+) TNBC primary tumors tested display nuclear localization of AR, indicative of transcriptionally active receptors. While AR is most abundant in the "luminal AR (LAR)" molecular subtype of TNBC, here, for the first time, we use both the new-generation anti-androgen enzalutamide and AR knockdown to demonstrate that the other non-LAR molecular subtypes of TNBC are critically dependent on AR protein. Indeed, AR inhibition significantly reduces baseline proliferation, anchorage-independent growth, migration, and invasion and increases apoptosis in four TNBC lines (SUM159PT, HCC1806, BT549, and MDA-MB-231), representing three non-LAR TNBC molecular subtypes (mesenchymal-like, mesenchymal stem-like, and basal-like 2). In vivo, enzalutamide significantly decreases viability of SUM159PT and HCC1806 xenografts. Furthermore, mechanistic analysis reveals that AR activation upregulates secretion of the EGFR ligand amphiregulin (AREG), an effect abrogated by enzalutamide in vitro and in vivo. Exogenous AREG partially rescues the effects of AR knockdown on proliferation, migration, and invasion, demonstrating that upregulation of AREG is one mechanism by which AR influences tumorigenicity. Together, our findings indicate that non-LAR subtypes of TNBC are AR dependent and, moreover, that enzalutamide is a promising targeted therapy for multiple molecular subtypes of AR(+) TNBC.
AAA<sup>+</sup> superfamily ATPases: common structure–diverse function (2001)

The AAA+ superfamily of ATPases, which contain a homologous ATPase module, are found in all kingdoms of living organisms where they participate in diverse cellular processes including membrane fusion, proteolysis and DNA replication. Recent structural studies have revealed that they usually form ring-shaped oligomers, which are crucial for their ATPase activities and mechanisms of action. These ring-shaped oligomeric complexes are versatile in their mode of action, which collectively seem to involve some form of disruption of molecular or macromolecular structure; unfolding of proteins, disassembly of protein complexes, unwinding of DNA, or alteration of the state of DNA-protein complexes. Thus, the AAA+ proteins represent a novel type of molecular chaperone. Comparative analyses have also revealed significant similarities and differences in structure and molecular mechanism between AAA+ ATPases and other ring-shaped ATPases.
SMILES. 3. DEPICT. Graphical depiction of chemical structures (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSMILES. 3. DEPICT. Graphical depiction of chemical structuresDavid WeiningerCite this: J. Chem. Inf. Comput. Sci. 1990, 30, 3, 237–243Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ci00067a005https://doi.org/10.1021/ci00067a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1293Altmetric-Citations235LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Living in a Man-Made World: Gender Assumptions in Modern Housing Design (1992)

I: Women as Homemakers II: Women Workers and the Domestic Ideal: A Woman's Home is her Factory: We Saw It as a Dream: A Respectable Life: From There to Here.
Label‐Free Quantitative Imaging of Cholesterol in Intact Tissues by Hyperspectral Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy (2013)

A finger on the pulse: Current molecular analysis of cells and tissues routinely relies on separation, enrichment, and subsequent measurements by various assays. Now, a platform of hyperspectral stimulated Raman scattering microscopy has been developed for the fast, quantitative, and label-free imaging of biomolecules in intact tissues using spectroscopic fingerprints as the contrast mechanism.
Parallel precoder IC module for 40 Gbit/s opticalduobinary transmission systems (2000)

A two-channel parallel processing precoder IC module for 40 Gbit/s optical duobinary transmission systems is described. The IC is fabricated with 0.1 µm InAlAs/InGaAs/InP HEMTs in order to achieve 20 Gbit/s processing speed per channel with low power consumption. Error-free operation of the IC packaged as a module is confirmed at 21.5 Gbit/s.
Human RPA (hSSB) interacts with EBNA1, the latent origin binding protein of Epstein-Barr virus (1998)

RPA is the replicative single-strand DNA (ssDNA) binding protein of eukaryotic chromosomes. This report shows that human RPA interacts with EBNA1, the latent origin binding protein of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). RPA binds to EBNA1 both in solution, and when EBNA1 is bound to the EBV origin. RPA is a heterotrimer, and the main contact with EBNA1 is formed through the 70 kDa subunit of RPA, the subunit which binds to ssDNA. We propose that this interaction between RPA and EBNA1 is an early step in activation of the latent origin of EBV.
The Resurrection of T Cell-Mediated Suppression (2011)

A basic tenet of most religious faiths is the belief that those who have died will again be brought to life or resurrected. The past 15 years have seen a resurrection of T suppressor cells, although their soul is now in the body of a T regulatory cell. The studies presented by S. Sakaguchi et al. ([
A highly abrasive-resistant, long-lasting anti-reflective coating for PV module glass (2014)

More than 4% of incident light is reflected from the front cover glass of photovoltaic (PV) modules. The industry-wide trend to cost-effectively increase the efficiency of PV modules has driven the widespread adoption of anti-reflective coated (ARC) glass. The most common deposition methods for these anti-reflective (AR) coatings are wet sol-gel processes, with a small minority of glass manufacturers using vacuum-based sputtering. Most commercial sol-gel coatings consist of single layer porous silica and are highly transmissive across a broad range of the solar spectrum. The mechanical strength of these coatings is generally derived from high temperature treatment during the tempering of the glass. However, as the PV industry increasingly focuses on project levelized cost of electricity (LCOE), PV module manufactures and system owners are seeking ARC glass with increased durability and long-term performance, particularly for systems operating in medium to high soiling environments, where PV modules are subjected to airborne particle abrasion and repeated washing. In this work, we report durability test results for a new, low temperature curable sol-gel AR coating from Enki Technology, showing significantly improved abrasion-resistance compared to more traditional AR coatings. The new coating is denser than the traditional coatings and chemically derives its abrasion-resistance at relatively low process temperatures without sacrificing the optical performance. The samples under test in this work were subjected to extensive testing following the industry-standard abrasion test method in EN1096.2 and accelerated environmental test procedures in IEC61215. Our results show increased coating longevity for the new coating, up to four times greater than existing coatings with comparable optical performance. This increased mechanical strength directly translates to reduced risk of handling during manufacturing and installation, lower O&M costs, increased energy yield and reduced warranty costs.
Capture and display of antibodies secreted by hybridoma cells enables fluorescent on-cell screening (2019)

Hybridoma methods for monoclonal antibody (mAb) cloning are a mainstay of biomedical research, but they are hindered by the need to maintain hybridomas in oligoclonal pools during antibody screening. Here, we describe a system in which hybridomas specifically capture and display the mAbs they secrete: On-Cell mAb Screening (OCMS™). In OCMS™, mAbs displayed on the cell surface can be rapidly assayed for expression level and binding specificity using fluorescent antigens with high-content (image-based) methods or flow cytometry. OCMS™ demonstrated specific mAb binding to poliovirus and rabies virus by forming a cell surface IgG "cap", as a universal assay for anti-viral mAbs. We produced and characterized OCMS™-enabled hybridomas secreting mAbs that neutralize poliovirus and used fluorescence microscopy to identify and clone a human mAb specific for the human N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor. Lastly, we used OCMS™ to assess expression and antigen binding of a recombinant mAb produced in 293T cells. As a novel method to physically associate mAbs with the hybridomas that secrete them, OCMS™ overcomes a central challenge to hybridoma mAb screening and offers new paradigms for mAb discovery and production.
The OSI management architecture: an overview (1988)

A description is given of the OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) management environment, which consists of tools and services needed to control and supervise interconnection activities and any associated managed objects. It is intended to allow a user, once he or she has been provided with the capability of communicating across several subnetworks, to manage this collection of subnetworks and systems as a single communications network. The OSI management structure is examined, and an outline of OSI management services is provided. The common management information protocol (CMIP), a general-purpose management protocol that is suitable for the management of both OSI resources and the real resources used to provide communications services, is presented. Future extensions of OSI management research are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>