gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adhesion of N-Methacryloyl-ω-Amino Acid Primers to Collagen Analyzed by 13C NMR (2001)

Previously, we reported that the strength of the interaction between N-methacryloyl-omega-amino acid (NMomegaA) primers and dentinal collagen exhibited a strong correlation with the bond strength of the resin to etched dentin. To determine the pertinent functional groups of the amino acid residues in the dentinal collagen, to which the amide and/or the carboxylic acid groups of the NMomegaAs are adsorbed, we used 13C NMR techniques--primarily through the observation of spin-lattice relaxation times, Ti--to investigate the adsorption characteristics resulting from the interaction of NMomegaAs with a model oligopeptide for collagen, (PPG)5. The addition of NMomegaAs to a collagenous solution resulted in a decrease in the T1 values of the carbonyl carbons attributed to the carboxylic acid of the C-terminal Gly and to the third amide of the N-terminal Pro residues in the (PPG)5 molecule, thus reflecting the formation of hydrogen-bonded interactions.
Rat cytomegalovirus-induced pneumonitis after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation: effective treatment with (S)-1-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonyl-methoxypropyl)cytosine (1993)

Two antiviral compounds, (S)-1-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)cytosine (HPMPC) and 9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)guanine (DHPG), were evaluated for their effects on rat cytomegalovirus (RCMV)-induced interstitial pneumonitis after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMTx). Eight-week-old Brown Norway rats immunosuppressed by a lethal dose of total body irradiation were inoculated with RCMV and received allogeneic bone marrow cells from Lewis rats. Animals were treated with either HPMPC (20 mg/kg of body weight as a single dose) or DHPG (20 mg/kg as two daily doses for 5 days). The effect of antiviral therapy was monitored by measuring RCMV titers in different organs and the histopathologic changes in lungs at 8 to 10 days postinfection. In RCMV-infected allogeneic BMTx recipients, severe diffuse thickening of alveolar septa (6.02 microns) with a diffuse infiltration of mononuclear cells occurred, whereas in the noninfected allogeneic BMTx recipients, the septal width was on the order of 2 microns (P < 0.01). Treatment with DHPG (20 mg/kg in two daily doses for 5 days) resulted in a decrease in virus titers (log10 PFU per gram of tissue) in lungs and spleens from 3.81 +/- 0.34 and 4.29 +/- 1.07 (untreated animals) to 1.26 +/- 0.53 and 3.22 +/- 0.27 (treated animals), respectively. Treatment with HPMPC (20 mg/kg as a single dose) resulted in a complete reduction of virus titers in all organs to below the detection level (P < 0.01). Furthermore, antiviral treatment resulted in a reduction of the alveolar septal width from 6.02 +/- 1.59 microns (untreated animals) to 4.67 +/- 1.70 and 3.32 +/- 0.63 microns after DHPG and HPMPC treatment, respectively. Treatment with HPMPC (20 mg/kg as a single dose) resulted in a complete reduction of virus titers in all organs to below the detection level (P <0.01). Furthermore, antiviral treatment resulted in a reduction of the alveolar septal width from 6.02 +/- 1.59 micrometre (untreated animals) to 4.67 +/- 0.63 micrometre after DHPG and HPMPC treatment, respectively. Furthermore, the influx of mononuclear cells in the alveolar septa was significantly impaired after treatment with HPMPC (P <0.01). We conclude that in the described rat model, HPMPC is highly effective in suppressing RCMV-induced interstitial pneumonitis after allogeneic BMTx.
Lung Cancer in the Era of Precision Medicine (2015)

The past decade has been transformative for lung cancer patients, physicians, and scientists. The discovery of EGFR mutations that confer sensitivity to tyrosine kinase inhibitors in lung adenocarcinomas in 2004 heralded the beginning of the era of precision medicine for lung cancer. Indeed, it precipitated concerted efforts by many investigators to define molecular subgroups of lung cancer, characterize the genomic landscape of lung cancer subtypes, identify novel therapeutic targets, and define mechanisms of sensitivity and resistance to targeted therapies. The fruits of these efforts are visible every day now in lung cancer clinics: Patients receive molecular testing to determine whether their tumor harbors an actionable mutation, new and improved targeted therapies that can overcome resistance to first-generation drugs are in clinical trials, and drugs targeting the immune system are showing activity in patients. This extraordinary promise is tempered by the sobering fact that even the newest treatments for metastatic disease are rarely curative and are effective only in a small fraction of all patients. Ongoing and future efforts to find new vulnerabilities of lung cancers, unravel the complexity of drug resistance, increase the efficacy of immunotherapies, and perform biomarker-driven clinical trials are necessary to improve outcomes for patients with lung cancer.
Carotenoids and Related Compounds. Part 36.. Further syntheses of zeaxanthin and rhodoxanthin (1981)

Abstract A modification of a previously reported synthesis of zeaxanthin ( 1 ), and routes to both zeaxanthin and rhodoxanthin ( 2 ) from α‐ionone, are described.
Cobalt-Catalyzed C–H Borylation (2014)

A family of pincer-ligated cobalt complexes has been synthesized and are active for the catalytic C-H borylation of heterocycles and arenes. The cobalt catalysts operate with high activity and under mild conditions and do not require excess borane reagents. Up to 5000 turnovers for methyl furan-2-carboxylate have been observed at ambient temperature with 0.02 mol % catalyst loadings. A catalytic cycle that relies on a cobalt(I)-(III) redox couple is proposed.
ChemInform Abstract: O2 and CO Binding to “Jellyfish” Type Iron(II) Porphyrins. (1989)

Abstract The O 2 and CO affinities of the title complexes (I) in the presence of excess axial base (1,2‐dimethylimidazole) in toluene is investigated and compared to the O 2 affinities for the corresponding Co(II) porphyrins.
A 21nV/&#x221A;Hz chopper-stabilized multipath current-feedback instrumentation amplifier with 2&#x00B5;V offset (2010)

This paper describes a chopper-stabilized current-feedback instrumentation amplifier (CFIA) with a ripple-reduction loop (RRL). A smooth 1 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">st</sup> -order response is obtained by embedding the RRL in a multipath structure to bury the notch caused by the RRL. The CFIA achieves 2 μV offset, 21 nV/√(VHz) with NEF of 9.6. The CFIA can also be configured as an opamp which achieves 2× reduction in NEF.
Vapor–liquid equilibria of mixtures containing alkanes, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen (2001)

Abstract New force fields for carbon dioxide and nitrogen are introduced that quantitatively reproduce the vapor–liquid equilibria (VLE) of the neat systems and their mixtures with alkanes. In addition to the usual VLE calculations for pure CO 2 and N 2 , calculations of the binary mixtures with propane were used in the force‐field development to achieve a good balance between dispersive and electrostatic (quadrupole–quadrupole) interactions. The transferability of the force fields was then assessed from calculations of the VLE for the binary mixtures with n‐hexane, the binary mixture of CO 2 /N 2 , and the ternary mixture of CO 2 /N 2 /propane. The VLE calculations were carried out using configurational‐bias Monte Carlo simulations in either the grand canonical ensemble with histogram–reweighting or in the Gibbs ensemble.
Evidence for the role of oxygen radicals in acute nephrotoxic nephritis. (1984)

Acute glomerular injury in the rat has been induced by the intrarenal, intraarterial infusion of sheep antibody to glomerular basement membrane (antiglomerular basement membrane). The antiglomerular basement membrane antibody has been verified to be of the variety that is complement and neutrophil dependent for the induction of acute proteinuria, which peaks during the first 24 hours. Following injection of the antibody, acute, intense, glomerular injury resulted, with the denuding of glomerular vascular basement membrane associated with extensive damage or destruction of glomerular endothelial cells and fusion of epithelial cell foot processes. Treatment of animals with catalase produced, in a dose-dependent manner, as much as 75% protection against glomerular injury, as assessed by reduction in the proteinuria. Treatment of animals with superoxide dismutase caused a small reduction in the degree of glomerular injury, again assessed by a reduction in proteinuria. However, this protective effect of superoxide dismutase was not found to be statistically significant. The hydroxyl radical scavenger, dimethyl sulfoxide, which has been shown to protect against endothelial cell injury following systemic activation of complement, was not protective in the anti-GBM model. Morphologically, glomeruli from catalase-protected rats showed numerous neutrophils but little or no evidence of injury of either glomerular endothelial or epithelial cells. These data suggest that acute glomerular injury produced by antiglomerular basement membrane is related to H2O2 production from activated neutrophils.
AMINO- AND GUANIDINO-PHENYLGLUCOSIDES (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAMINO- AND GUANIDINO-PHENYLGLUCOSIDESH. GEORGE LATHAM JR., EVERETTE L. MAY, and ERICH MOSETTIGCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1950, 15, 4, 884–889Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1950https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01150a028https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01150a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views198Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Positron emission tomography using 18F‐labelled endothelin‐1 reveals prevention of binding to cardiac receptors owing to tissue‐specific clearance by ETB receptors in vivo (2004)

Our aim was to synthesise an (18)F analogue of endothelin-1 (ET-1), to dynamically image ET receptors in vivo by positron emission tomography (PET) and to elucidate the function of the ET(B) subtype as a clearing receptor in organs expressing high densities including kidney and lung.[(18)F]-ET-1 was characterised in vitro and bound with a single subnanomolar affinity (K(D)=0.43+/-0.05 nM, B(max)=27.8+/-2.1 fmol mg(-1) protein) to human left ventricle (n=4). The in vivo distribution of [(18)F]-ET-1 in anaesthetised rats was measured using a dedicated small animal PET scanner (microPET) and ex vivo analysis. Dynamic PET data demonstrated that high levels of radioligand accumulated rapidly in the lung, kidney and liver, consistent with receptor binding. The in vivo distribution correlated with the anatomical localisation of receptors detected in vitro using [(125)I]-ET-1. However, the receptor density visualised in the heart was unexpectedly low compared with that predicted from the in vitro measurements.[(18)F]-ET-1 binding in lungs could not be displaced by the ET(B) selective antagonist BQ788, in agreement with the proposed internalisation of ET-1 by ET(B) receptors. In contrast, infusion of BQ788 prior to injecting [(18)F]-ET-1 significantly reduce the amount of radioligand visualised in the ET(B) rich lung and kidney by 85% (P< 0.05, n=3) and 55% (P<0.05, n=3), respectively. Under conditions of ET(B) receptor blockade, the heart could be visualised by microPET imaging.These results suggest that clearance by ET(B) receptors in the lung and kidney prevents binding of ET-1 to receptors in the heart.
Role of Oligosaccharide Residues of IgG1-Fc in FcγRIIb Binding (2001)

Engagement of Fc gamma receptors (Fc gamma Rs) with the Fc region of IgG elicits immune responses by leukocytes. The recent crystal structure of Fc gamma RIII in complex with IgG-Fc has provided details of molecular interactions between these components (Sondermann, P., Huber, R., Oosthuizen, V., and Jacob, U. (2000) Nature 406, 267-273). One of the most intriguing issues is that glycosylation of IgG-Fc is essential for the recognition by Fc gamma Rs although the carbohydrate moieties are on the periphery of the Fc gamma RIII-Fc interface. To better understand the role of Fc glycosylation in Fc gamma R binding we prepared homogeneous glycoforms of IgG-Fc (Cri) and investigated the interactions with a soluble form of Fc gamma RIIb (sFc gamma RIIb). A 1:1 complex stoichiometry was observed in solution at 30 degrees C (K(d), 0.94 microm; Delta G, -8.4 kcal mol(-1); Delta H, -6.5 kcal mol(-1); T Delta S, 1.9 kcal mol(-1); Delta C(p), -160 cal mol(-1) K(-1)). Removal of terminal galactose residues did not alter the thermodynamic parameters significantly. Outer-arm GlcNAc residues contributed significantly to thermal stability of the C(H)2 domains but only slightly to sFc gamma RIIb binding. Truncation of 1,3- and 1,6-arm mannose residues generates a linear trisaccharide core structure and resulted in a significantly decreased affinity, a less exothermic Delta H, and a more negative Delta C(p) for sFc gamma RIIb binding, which may result from a conformational change coupled to complex formation. Deglycosylation of the C(H)2 domains abrogated sFc gamma RIIb binding and resulted in the lowest thermal stability accompanied with noncooperative unfolding. These results suggest that truncation of the oligosaccharides of IgG-Fc causes disorder and a closed disposition of the two C(H)2 domains, impairing sFc gamma RIIb binding.
Photoreceptor Protection by Cardiotrophin-1 in Transgenic Rats with the Rhodopsin Mutation S334ter (2003)

These results indicate that CT-1 promotes photoreceptor survival and that Müller cells probably mediate this effect. They also suggest that sustained delivery of the protein is essential for long-term rescue of photoreceptors.
Adhesion Molecule P-Selectin and Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule–1 in Enhanced Heart Allograft Arteriosclerosis in the Rat (1997)

The early expression of P-selectin on microvascular EC during acute rejection may be the basis of cell adhesion and infiltration into the site of inflammation. During chronic rejection, the intensity of arterial intimal thickening was significantly correlated with the intensity of P-selectin expression on EC, in addition to that of previously reported VCAM-1 expression. Thus, P-selectin may have a crucial role in the pathogenesis of chronic rejection in the vascular wall, augmenting the immune-mediated injury against the allograft.
Studies on Nucleosides and Nucleotides, VII. Preparation of Pyrimidine Nucleoside 5′-Phosphates and N3,5′-Purine Cyclonucleosides by Selective Activation of the 5′-Hydroxyl Group (1979)

Abstract The reaction of thymidine or uridine with 1.5 molar equivalents each of dibenzyl hydrogenphosphate, diethyl azodicarboxylate, and triphenylphosphine in HMPT at room temperature for 1 day, followed by debenzylation, afforded dpT and pU in 73 and 78% yields, respectively. Neither nucleoside 3′-phosphate nor 3′,5′-diphosphate was formed. 5′-O-Benzoyl thymidine 3′-(2-cyanoethyl)phosphate also reacted smoothly with thymidine at room temperature giving d-bzT3′p(CNEt)5′T in a 54% yield. Adenosine and Guanosine gave the corresponding N3,5′-cyclonucleosides as main products, less than 1% pA and pG being formed.
Germicidal Efficacy and Mammalian Skin Safety of 222-nm UV Light (2017)

We have previously shown that 207-nm ultraviolet (UV) light has similar antimicrobial properties as typical germicidal UV light (254 nm), but without inducing mammalian skin damage. The biophysical rationale is based on the limited penetration distance of 207-nm light in biological samples (e.g. stratum corneum) compared with that of 254-nm light. Here we extended our previous studies to 222-nm light and tested the hypothesis that there exists a narrow wavelength window in the far-UVC region, from around 200-222 nm, which is significantly harmful to bacteria, but without damaging cells in tissues. We used a krypton-chlorine (Kr-Cl) excimer lamp that produces 222-nm UV light with a bandpass filter to remove the lower- and higher-wavelength components. Relative to respective controls, we measured: 1. in vitro killing of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) as a function of UV fluence; 2. yields of the main UV-associated premutagenic DNA lesions (cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers and 6-4 photoproducts) in a 3D human skin tissue model in vitro; 3. eight cellular and molecular skin damage endpoints in exposed hairless mice in vivo. Comparisons were made with results from a conventional 254-nm UV germicidal lamp used as positive control. We found that 222-nm light kills MRSA efficiently but, unlike conventional germicidal UV lamps (254 nm), it produces almost no premutagenic UV-associated DNA lesions in a 3D human skin model and it is not cytotoxic to exposed mammalian skin. As predicted by biophysical considerations and in agreement with our previous findings, far-UVC light in the range of 200-222 nm kills bacteria efficiently regardless of their drug-resistant proficiency, but without the skin damaging effects associated with conventional germicidal UV exposure.
Quetiapine and rivastigmine and cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease: randomised double blind placebo controlled trial (2005)

Neither quetiapine nor rivastigmine are effective in the treatment of agitation in people with dementia in institutional care. Compared with placebo, quetiapine is associated with significantly greater cognitive decline.
Valence subband structures of wurtzite GaN/AlGaN quantum wells (1995)

Valence subband structures of wurtzite GaN/AlGaN quantum wells have been studied, using the k⋅p method in which the parameters are derived by first-principles calculations. Since wurtzite GaN and AlN have the small spin-orbit splitting energies (≤20 meV), the mixing among the six bands including the spin-orbit split band should be considered to obtain the subband states correctly. According to our parameters for the GaN/AlGaN quantum well, the hole carrier confinement in the two-dimensional systems does not lead to a significant reduction of hole masses, and so the threshold current density of wurtzite GaN/AlGaN quantum well laser diodes is not decreased.
A Humanized Immunoenzyme with Enhanced Activity for Glucuronide Prodrug Activation in the Tumor Microenvironment (2011)

Antibody-directed enzyme prodrug therapy (ADEPT) utilizing β-glucuronidase is a promising method to enhance the therapeutic index of cancer chemotherapy. In this approach, an immunoenzyme (antibody-β-glucuronidase fusion protein) is employed to selectively activate anticancer glucuronide prodrugs in the tumor microenvironment. A major roadblock to the clinical translation of this therapeutic strategy, however, is the low enzymatic activity and strong immunogenicity of the current generation of immunoenzymes. To overcome this problem, we fused a humanized single-chain antibody (scFv) of mAb CC49 to S2, a human β-glucuronidase (hβG) variant that displays enhanced catalytic activity for prodrug hydrolysis. Here, we show that hcc49-S2 displayed 100-fold greater binding avidity than hcc49 scFv, possessed greater enzymatic activity than wild-type hβG, and more effectively killed antigen-positive cancer cells exposed to an anticancer glucuronide prodrug as compared to an analogous hβG immunoenzyme. Treatment of tumor-bearing mice with hcc49-S2 followed by prodrug significantly delayed tumor growth as compared to hcc49-hβG. Our study shows that hcc49-S2 is a promising targeted enzyme for cancer treatment and demonstrates that enhancement of human enzyme catalytic activity is a powerful approach to improve immunoenzyme efficacy.
Hematopoietic Progenitor Cell Rolling in Bone Marrow Microvessels: Parallel Contributions by Endothelial Selectins and Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 (1998)

We have used intravital microscopy to study physiologically perfused microvessels in murine bone marrow (BM). BM sinusoids and venules, but not adjacent bone vessels, supported rolling interactions of hematopoietic progenitor cells. Rolling did not involve L-selectin, but was partially reduced in wild-type mice treated with antibodies to P- or E-selectin and in mice that were deficient in these two selectins. Selectin-independent rolling was mediated by alpha4 integrins, which interacted with endothelial vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1. Parallel contribution of the endothelial selectins and VCAM-1 is not known to direct blood cell trafficking to other noninflamed tissues. This combination of constitutively expressed adhesion molecules may thus constitute a BM-specific recruitment pathway for progenitor cells analogous to the vascular addressins that direct selective lymphocyte homing to lymphoid organs.
Induction of tumoricidal function in CD4+ T cells is associated with concomitant memory and terminally differentiated phenotype (2012)

Harnessing the adaptive immune response to treat malignancy is now a clinical reality. Several strategies are used to treat melanoma; however, very few result in a complete response. CD4(+) T cells are important and potent mediators of anti-tumor immunity and adoptive transfer of specific CD4(+) T cells can promote tumor regression in mice and patients. OX40, a costimulatory molecule expressed primarily on activated CD4(+) T cells, promotes and enhances anti-tumor immunity with limited success on large tumors in mice. We show that OX40 engagement, in the context of chemotherapy-induced lymphopenia, induces a novel CD4(+) T cell population characterized by the expression of the master regulator eomesodermin that leads to both terminal differentiation and central memory phenotype, with concomitant secretion of Th1 and Th2 cytokines. This subpopulation of CD4(+) T cells eradicates very advanced melanomas in mice, and an analogous population of human tumor-specific CD4(+) T cells can kill melanoma in an in vitro system. The potency of the therapy extends to support a bystander killing effect of antigen loss variants. Our results show that these uniquely programmed effector CD4(+) T cells have a distinctive phenotype with increased tumoricidal capability and support the use of immune modulation in reprogramming the phenotype of CD4(+) T cells.
The Pen Is Mightier: Understanding Stylus Behaviour While Inking on Tablets (2020)

Although pens and paper are pervasive in the analog world, their digital counterparts, styli and Tablets, have yet to achieve the same adoption and frequency of use. To date, little research has identified why inking experiences differ so greatly between analog and digital media or quantified the varied experiences that exist with stylus-enabled Tablets. By observing quantitative and behavioural data in addition to querying preferential opinions, the experimentation reaffirmed the significance of accuracy, latency, and unintended touch, whilst uncovering the importance of friction, aesthetics, and stroke beautification to users. The observed participant behaviour and recommended tangible goals should enhance the development and evaluation of future systems.
Transdermal delivery of drugs (1987)

Transdermal delivery of drugs , Transdermal delivery of drugs , کتابخانه مرکزی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران