gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Applications to space operations of free-flying, controlled streams of liquids (1985)

Potential uses for free-flying, recoverable streams of liquids in space are identified. One application, where droplets are the radiating component of a lightweight thermal heat rejection system, has been studied previously by Mattick and Hertzberg. Other applications (i.e., systems for the disposal of surplus liquids) have already been used in space. New possibilities are also considered: a droplet aerobrake system, an orbital planetary gas accumulation system, a space material transport system, a method for remotely accomplishing space construction tasks using droplet streams, and a low-contamination attitude control or stationkeeping thruster. The proposed applications require that the streams have varied but generally high directional and speed stability. Charts summarizing liquid stream performance are presented. New experimental results extending the performance characteristics by an order of magnitude compared to previous observations are reported.
Uptake and retention kinetics of para-fluorine-18-fluorobenzylguanidine in isolated rat heart. (1996)

Fluorine-18-PFBG is specifically accumulated by sympathetic nerve terminals. However, further work is recommended in humans to evaluate the potential implications of specific extraneuronal uptake of [18F]PFBG through the uptake-2 mechanism.
2014년 지방선거 여론조사 전화조사방법에 따른 예측오차 및 편향 (2014)

선거여론조사가 얼마나 정확한지 그리고 어떤 조사가 다른 조사에 비해 왜 더 정확한지 등에 대해서 여론조사 전문가들은 많은 관심을 갖고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 질문에 대한 해답을 찾기 위해 2014년 제6회 전국동시지방선거에 대한 전화여론조사자료를 토대로 전화조사방법에 따른 편향과 예측오차를 분석하였다. 이를 위해 중앙선거여론조사공정심의위원회 홈페이지에 등록된 선거여론조사자료를 활용하였으며, Martin et al. (2005)이 제안한 정확성 척도 를 예측오차 및 편향의 판단 기준으로 사용하였다. 2014년 지방선거 선거여론조사 중 광역단체장 선거에 관한 150건의 전화조사를 분석해 본 결과, ARS전화조사는 전화면접조사에 비해 새누리당을 과대 추정하는 편향을 발생시키는 경향이 있다는 것을 확인할 수 있었고, 조사방법과 함께 가중치 변동 폭, 조사기간, 그리고 응답률 등도 전화여론조사에서 편향이나 오차 발생에 영향을 주는 요인이라는 결론을 내릴 수 있었다.
Conformational Flexibility of a Synthetic Glycosylaminoglycan Bound to a Fibroblast Growth Factor. FGF-1 Recognizes Both the 1C4 and 2SO Conformations of a Bioactive Heparin-like Hexasaccharide (2005)

The first direct NMR determination of the conformation of a conformationally flexible heparin-like hexasaccharide bound to a key receptor, FGF-1, is described. The determination has been based on the use of a 13C-labeled protein and a regular 12C sugar. FGF-1 recognizes several conformations of the iduronic moieties of the hexasaccharide. Therefore, this case is different than that described for the controversial recognition of heparin-like saccharides by AT-III, which seems to recognize just one conformation of the iduronic acid residues.
Studies on CCD On-Line Detection in Curve Grinding (2006)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Annexin A3 Expression Increases in Hepatocytes and is Regulated by Hepatocyte Growth Factor in Rat Liver Regeneration (2007)

Annexin (Anx) A3 increases and plays important roles in the signalling cascade in hepatocyte growth in cultured hepatocytes. However, no information is available on its expression and role in rat liver regeneration. In the present study, AnxA3 expression was investigated to determine whether it also plays a role in the signalling cascade in rat liver regeneration. AnxA3 protein and mRNA level both increase in liver after administration of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) or 70% partial hepatectomy. AnxA3 protein level increases in isolated parenchymal hepatocytes, but not in non-parenchymal liver cells, in these rat liver regeneration models. AnxA3 mRNA increases in hepatocytes after CCl4 administration. Anti-hepatocyte growth factor antibody suppresses this increase in AnxA3 mRNA level. These results demonstrate that AnxA3 expression increases in hepatocytes through a hepatocyte growth factor-mediated pathway in rat liver regeneration models, suggesting that AnxA3 plays an important role in the signalling cascade in rat liver regeneration.
Proposals of Sphingomonas paucimobilis gen. nov. and comb. nov., Sphingomonas parapaucimobilis sp. nov., Sphingomonas yanoikuyae sp. nov., Sphingomonas adhaesiva sp. nov., Sphingomonas capsulata comb, nov., and Two Genospecies of the Genus Sphingomonas (1990)

Based on the partial nucleotide sequence analysis of 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA), presence of unique sphingoglycolipids in cellular lipid, and the major type of ubiquinone (Q10), we propose Sphingomonas gen. nov. with the type species Sphingomonas paucimobilis (Holmes et al, 1977) comb. nov. From the homology values of deoxyribonucleic acid-deoxyribonucleic acid hybridization and the phenotypic characteristics, three new species, Sphingomonas parapaucimobilis, Sphingomonas yanoikuyae, Sphingomonas adhaesiva, and one new combination, Sphingomonas capsulata, are described. S. parapaucimobilis JCM 7510 (= GIFU 11387), S. yanoikuyae JCM 7371 (= GIFU 9882), and S. adhaesiva JCM 7370 (= GIFU 11458) are designated as the type strains of the three new species. Emended description of the type strain of S. capsulata is presented.
Highly Improved Metabolic Stability and Pharmacokinetics of Indium-111-DOTA-Gastrin Conjugates for Targeting of the Gastrin Receptor (2011)

The development of metabolically stable radiolabeled gastrin analogues with suitable pharmacokinetics is a topic of recent research activity. These imaging vectors are of interest because the gastrin/CCK2 receptor is highly overexpressed in different tumors such as medullary thyroid cancer, neuroendocrine tumors, and SCLC. The drawback of current targeting agents is either their metabolic instability or their high kidney uptake. We present the synthesis and in vitro and in vivo evaluation of 11 (111)In-labeled DOTA-conjugated peptides that differ by their spacer between the peptide and the chelate. We introduced uncharged but hydrophilic spacers such as oligoethyleneglycol, serine, and glutamine. The affinity of all radiopeptides was high with IC(50) values between 0.5 and 4.8 nM. The improvement of human serum stability is 500-fold within this series of compounds. In addition the kidney uptake could be lowered distinctly and the tumor-to-kidney ratio improved almost 60-fold if compared with radiotracers having charged spacers such as glutamic acid.
GaN-Based RF Power Devices and Amplifiers (2008)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> The rapid development of the RF power electronics requires the introduction of wide bandgap material due to its potential in high output power density, high operation voltage and high input impedance. GaN-based RF power devices have made substantial progresses in the last decade. This paper attempts to review the latest developments of the GaN HEMT technologies, including material growth, processing technologies, device epitaxial structures and MMIC designs, to achieve the state-of-the-art microwave and millimeter-wave performance. The reliability and manufacturing challenges are also discussed. </para>
Annexin V for flow cytometric detection of phosphatidylserine expression on B cells undergoing apoptosis (1994)

Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is a general mechanism for removal of unwanted cells from the immune system. It is characterized by chromatin condensation, a reduction in cell volume, and endonuclease cleavage of DNA into oligonucleosomal length fragments. Apoptosis is also accompanied by a loss of membrane phospholipid asymmetry, resulting in the exposure of phosphatidylserine at the surface of the cell. Expression of phosphatidylserine at the cell surface plays an important role in the recognition and removal of apoptotic cells by macrophages. Here we describe a new method for the detection of apoptotic cells by flow cytometry, using the binding of fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled annexin V to phosphatidylserine. When Burkitt lymphoma cell lines and freshly isolated germinal center B cells are cultured under apoptosis inducing conditions, all cells showing chromatin condensation strongly stain with annexin V, whereas normal cells are annexin V negative. Moreover, DNA fragmentation is only found in the annexin V-positive cells. The nonvital dye ethidium bromide was found to stain a subpopulation of the annexin V-positive apoptotic cells, increasing with time. Our results indicate that the phase in apoptosis that is characterized by chromatin condensation coincides with phosphatidylserine exposure. Importantly, it precedes membrane damage that might lead to release from the cells of enzymes that are harmful to the surrounding tissues. Annexin V may prove important in further unravelling the regulation of apoptosis.
Human hepatoma cells secrete single chain factor X, prothrombin, and antithrombin III (1984)

The human hepatoma cell line, Hep G2, was analyzed for the ability to synthesize and secrete several coagulation proteins. Using specific radioimmunoassays, factor X, prothrombin, and antithrombin III were present in 8-day culture supernatants at 62, 405, and 1,220 ng/mL, respectively. Factor IX was not detected, either in supernatants or in cell extracts. Intrinsically labeled factor X was secreted as a single-chain polypeptide of 66,000 daltons, as measured by sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gels under nonreduced and reduced conditions. Immunoblots of Hep G2 supernatants and normal human plasma also indicate the presence of single-chain factor X. These findings support the hypothesis of a postsecretion proteolytic cleavage of factor X into the two-chain form. Prothrombin and antithrombin represented their plasma protein counterparts structurally, with molecular weights of 73,000 and 61,000, respectively. Secreted factor X, prothrombin, and antithrombin III were biologically active, as determined in coagulation or chromogenic assays, and all three activities were neutralized by monospecific antibodies. Vitamin K increased the quantity of prothrombin secreted by twofold, without affecting the rate of secretion over a five-day culture period, and had an apparent transient inhibitory effect on secretion of antithrombin III. Warfarin caused a three to fourfold decrease in the rate and quantity of secreted prothrombin, but did not affect intracellular concentrations. The intracellular and extracellular concentrations and rate of secretion of antithrombin III were not modulated by warfarin. These data suggest that the Hep G2 cell line may provide a useful model for assessing the regulation of biosynthesis and secretion of human coagulation proteins.
Reengineering chimeric antigen receptor T cells for targeted therapy of autoimmune disease (2016)

Ideally, therapy for autoimmune diseases should eliminate pathogenic autoimmune cells while sparing protective immunity, but feasible strategies for such an approach have been elusive. Here, we show that in the antibody-mediated autoimmune disease pemphigus vulgaris (PV), autoantigen-based chimeric immunoreceptors can direct T cells to kill autoreactive B lymphocytes through the specificity of the B cell receptor (BCR). We engineered human T cells to express a chimeric autoantibody receptor (CAAR), consisting of the PV autoantigen, desmoglein (Dsg) 3, fused to CD137-CD3ζ signaling domains. Dsg3 CAAR-T cells exhibit specific cytotoxicity against cells expressing anti-Dsg3 BCRs in vitro and expand, persist, and specifically eliminate Dsg3-specific B cells in vivo. CAAR-T cells may provide an effective and universal strategy for specific targeting of autoreactive B cells in antibody-mediated autoimmune disease.
Computational Evaluation of the Steady and Pulsed Jet Effects on the Performance of a Circulation Control Wing Section (2004)

Circulation Control Wing (CCW) technology is a very effective way of achieving very high lift coefficients needed by aircraft during take-off and landing. This technology can also be used to directly control the flow field over the wing. Compared to a conventional high-lift system, a Circulation Control Wing (CCW) can generate the required values of lift coefficient C(sub L,max) during take-off/landing with fewer or no moving parts and much less complexity. Earlier designs of CCW configurations used airfoils with a large radius rounded trailing edge to maximize the lift benefit. However, these designs also produced very high drag. These high drag levels associated with the blunt, large radius trailing edge can be prohibitive under cruise conditions when Circulation Control is no longer necessary. To overcome this difficulty, an advanced CCW section, i.e., a circulation hinged flap was developed to replace the original rounded trailing edge CC airfoil. This concept developed by Englar is shown. The upper surface of the CCW flap is a large-radius arc surface, but the lower surface of the flap is flat. The flap could be deflected from 0 degrees to 90 degrees. When an aircraft takes-off or lands, the flap is deflected as in a conventional high lift system. Then this large radius on the upper surface produces a large jet turning angle, leading to high lift. When the aircraft is in cruise, the flap is retracted and a conventional sharp trailing edge shape results, greatly reducing the drag. This kind of flap does have some moving elements that increase the weight and complexity over an earlier CCW design. But overall, the hinged flap design still maintains most of the Circulation Control high lift advantages, while greatly reducing the drag in cruising condition associated with the rounded trailing edge CCW design. In the present work, an unsteady three-dimensional Navier-Stokes analysis procedure has been developed and applied to this advanced CCW configuration. The solver can be used in both a 2-D and a 3-D mode, and can thus model airfoils as well as finite wings. The jet slot location, slot height, and the flap angle can all be varied easily and individually in the grid generator and the flow solver. Steady jets, pulsed jets, the leading edge and trailing edge blowing can all be studied with this solver.
Megakaryocyte and Platelet Structure in Thrombocytopoiesis: The Effect of Cytokines (1996)

This paper presents an overview of selected data which the author considers crucial to an understanding of structure/function relationships of megakaryocytes (MK) and platelets. The observation that platelet territories form within the MK cytoplasm and that, therefore, MK and platelet plasma membranes need not be structurally or antigenically identical is substantiated on the basis of results obtained with a variety of experiments. While the predominant site of MK fragmentation is still debated, it is generally accepted that such terms as "proplatelets," "giant platelets" or "megathrombocytes" refer to MK fragments consisting of more than one platelet territory. It is suggested that such fragments be called "compound" platelets to convey a unifying concept. The terms "young" or "immature" could be reserved for platelets which still contain ribosomes, rough endoplasmic reticulum or other organelles not usually seen in circulating platelets. Finally, the structure changes induced by cytokines, such as interleukin 3 (IL-3), IL-6, IL-11 and thrombopoietin have been illustrated.
Drug-Resistant Salmonella from Animals Fed Antimicrobials (1984)

It has been difficult to document the postulated sequence of events that begins with the selection of drug-resistant organisms in animals fed subtherapeutic amounts of antimicrobials and ends with clinically important infections in human beings. In early 1983 we identified 18 persons in four Midwestern states who were infected with Salmonella newport that was resistant to ampicillin, carbenicillin, and tetracycline and characterized by a 38-kilobase R plasmid. Twelve of these patients had been taking penicillin derivatives for medical problems other than diarrhea in the 24 to 48 hours before the onset of salmonellosis. Eleven patients were hospitalized for salmonellosis for an average of eight days, and one had a fatal nosocomial infection. We compared plasmid profiles of all human (six-state area) and animal (United States) S. newport isolates over an 18-month period and examined selected records of meat distribution. The results indicated that the patients had been infected before they took antimicrobials, by eating hamburger originating from South Dakota beef cattle fed subtherapeutic chlortetracycline for growth promotion. This study demonstrates that antimicrobial-resistant organisms of animal origin cause serious human illness, and emphasizes the need for more prudent use of antimicrobials in both human beings and animals.
Immediate consequences of spinal cord injury: possible role of potassium in axonal conduction block. (1975)

Compression injury of the spinal cord of cats produced increased outflux of potassium from the damaged site. Conduction by large axons in sensory pathways of the spinal cord was blocked partially by bathing the cord in solutions containing potassium concentrations of the order of 50-100 mEq/liter. It is suggested that block by increased K+ concentration in the extracellular space could interfere with long tract function immediately after cord injury before the onset of gross structural changes, and that increased extracellular potassium may be a link in the mechanisms producing thses later changes.
Immunization of rabbits with recombinant Treponema pallidum surface antigen 4D alters the course of experimental syphilis. (1988)

Rabbits immunized with the protease resistant recombinant Treponema pallidum surface-associated Ag 4D showed an altered course of experimental syphilis after intradermal challenge with virulent T. pallidum. Vaccination trials using three different protocols were examined. In one experiment, a combined i.m.-i.v. immunization protocol was compared with an i.m. injection schedule. Four of five rabbits immunized by the i.m.-i.v. protocol developed morphologically atypical lesions at each of 16 sites, whereas the i.m. injected animals showed no evidence of attenuated disease. Moreover, immunization by both protocols elicited equally high ELISA titers of 4D-specific IgG antibody suggesting that cellular immune mechanisms may have been involved. In an effort to augment cell-mediated responses to 4D, seven rabbits received i.v. immunizations with an emulsion of 4D, purified BCG cell wall skeletons, and trehalose dimycolate in an oil-microdroplet form (4D-cell wall skeleton-trehalose dimycolate). Splenic lymphocytes from three representative immunized animals had a strong in vitro proliferative response to 4D as compared to controls. Further, all animals developed high anti-4D titers in response to immunization. After challenge with virulent T. pallidum, six of the seven rabbits developed an early cutaneous response (3-8 days) at the sites of inoculation consistent with a hypersensitivity reaction followed by morphologically atypical lesions. Aspirates from each of three representative atypical lesions were devoid of treponemes by darkfield examination at day 14, whereas motile T. pallidum were observed in aspirates from four of five control sites. Between days 20 and 24, lesions in the 4D-cell wall skeleton-trehalose dimycolate immunized rabbits began to enlarge and become more typical in appearance; aspirates from six of seven representative lesions were darkfield positive. We conclude that 1) immunization with the r4D Ag alters the course of experimental syphilis in a manner consistent with previously defined parameters of partial protection and 2) immunizations protocols containing an i.v. component are more effective than protocols using the i.m. route alone.
Recoilless Resonance Absorption of Gamma Rays inFe57 (1959)

Received 23 November 1959DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.3.556©1959 American Physical Society
Polycystic Kidney Disease (2004)

Polycystic kidney diseases are inherited renal disorders due mainly to mutations in genes that regulate the development and function of cells that line renal tubules. This review outlines the clinical importance of polycystic kidney diseases and discusses the cell biology and molecular mechanisms that cause the formation of hundreds of cystic lesions in the renal parenchyma.
Confinement of triplet energy on phosphorescent molecules for highly-efficient organic blue-light-emitting devices (2003)

We have significantly improved the emission efficiency in an organic light-emitting device (OLED) based on iridium (III)bis[(4,6-di-fluoropheny)-pyridinato-N,C2′]picolinate (FIrpic). To improve the efficiency, 4,4′-bis(9-carbazolyl)-2,2′-dimethyl-biphenyl, which has a high triplet energy, was used as the carrier-transporting host for the emissive layer. The FIrpic-based OLED exhibited a maximum external quantum efficiency of 10.4%, corresponding to a current efficiency of 20.4 cd/A, and a maximum power efficiency of 10.5 lm/W. The efficiency was drastically improved compared to that of a previously reported FIrpic-based OLED. This result indicates that triplet energy is efficiently confined on FIrpic molecules, resulting in the high efficiency.
Control of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Diameter by Selective Growth on the Exposed Edge of a Thin Film Multilayer Structure (2002)

Selective area growth of carbon nanotubes (CNT) has been used to control the diameter of CNTs. Narrow lines of SiO2 (12−60 nm) are formed at the cleaved face of a Si/SiO2/Si multilayer structure. CNTs are then grown by a chemical vapor deposition process with a ferrocene/xylene/H2/Ar mixture at 700 °C. CNTs are observed to grow only on the exposed SiO2 surface at the edge of the “mesa” structure with a diameter equal to the thickness of the SiO2 layer.
An open-source HyperTransport core (2008)

This article presents the design of a generic HyperTransport (HT) core. HyperTransport is a packet-based interconnect technology for low-latency, high-bandwidth point-to-point connections. It is specially optimized to achieve a very low latency. The core has been verified in system using an FPGA. This exhaustive verification and the generic design allow the mapping to both ASICs and FPGAs. The implementation described in this work supports a 16-bit link width, as used by Opteron processors. On a Xilinx Virtex-4 FX60, the core supports a link frequency of 400 MHz DDR and offers a maximum bidirectional bandwidth of 3.2GB/s. The in-system verification has been performed using a custom FPGA board that has been plugged into a HyperTransport extension connector (HTX) of a standard Opteron-based motherboard. HTX slots in Opteron-based motherboards allow very high-bandwidth, low-latency communication, since the HTX device is directly connected to one of the HyperTransport links of the processor. Performance analysis shows a unidirectional payload bandwidth of 1.4GB/s and a read latency of 180 ns. The HT core in combination with the HTX board is an ideal base for prototyping systems and implementing FPGA coprocessors. The HT core is available as open source.