gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Role of Cell-Cell Interactions on the Regeneration of Soft Tissue-to-Bone Interface (2006)

Soft tissues such as the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) connect to bone tissue through a characteristic fibrocartilagenous interface. This interface is essential for load transfer between soft and hard tissues, and its absence is the primary cause of graft failure post ACL reconstruction surgeries. Currently, the mechanism of interface regeneration is not known. Based on in vivo observations that a fibrocartilage-like tissue forms when the graft is in direct contact with bone, we propose here the original hypothesis that fibroblast-osteoblast interactions may lead to the recruitment and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells or progenitor cells for interface regeneration. To test this hypothesis, a tri-culture model of fibroblasts-osteoblasts and interface-relevant cells was designed. This model mimics the graft-to-bone interface, supports direct cell-to-cell contact, as well as controlled homotypic and heterotypic cell-to-cell interactions. We used this model to determine the effects of fibroblast-osteoblast interaction on the response of interface-relevant cells such as bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs), chondrocytes and fibroblasts. The response of osteoblasts and fibroblasts in triculture were also assessed. It was found that tri-culture with chondrocytes led to significant changes in cell proliferation and reduced osteoblast-mediated mineralization, accompanied by increased fibroblast mineralization. Interestingly, BMSCs in tri-culture measured higher ALP activity compared to controls. Positive glycosaminoglycan (GAG) production was detected in the chondrocyte tri-culture group. Moreover, expressions of interface-relevant markers such as type II collagen and GAG were detected in tri-culture with BMSCs and fibroblasts. Our results collectively demonstrate that osteoblast-fibroblast interactions modulate cell phenotypes, promote chondrocyte matrix elaboration and may initiate the differentiation of BMSCs into interface relevant phenotype. The findings of this study provide new insight into the mechanisms governing the regeneration of soft tissue-to-bone interfaces
Metabolism of Urea by Chlorella vulgaris (1969)

Urea metabolism was studied with nitrogen-starved cells of Chlorella vulgaris Beijerinck var. viridis (Chodat), a green alga which apparently lacks urease. Incorporation of radioactivity from urea-(14)C into the alcohol-soluble fraction was virtually eliminated in cell suspensions flushed with 10% CO(2) in air. This same result was obtained when expected acceptors of urea carbon were replenished by adding ornithine and glucose with the urea. Several carbamyl compounds, which might be early products of urea metabolism and a source of the (14)CO(2), were not appreciably labeled. If cells were treated with cyanide at a concentration which inhibited ammonia uptake completely and urea uptake only slightly, more than half of the urea nitrogen taken up was found in the medium as ammonia. Cells under nitrogen gas in the dark were unable to take up urea or ammonia, but the normal rate of uptake was resumed in light. Since 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea did not selectively inhibit this uptake, an active respiration supported by light-dependent oxygen evolution in these cells was ruled out. A tentative scheme for urea metabolism is proposed to consist of an initial energy-dependent splitting of urea into carbon dioxide and ammonia. This reaction in Chlorella is thought to differ from a typical urease-catalyzed reaction by the apparent requirement of a high energy compound, possibly adenosine triphosphate.
Growth suppression of glioma cells by PTEN requires a functional phosphatase catalytic domain (1997)

Deletions of all or part of chromosome 10 are the most common genetic alterations in high-grade gliomas. The PTEN gene (also called MMAC1 and TEP1) maps to chromosome region 10q23 and has been implicated as a target of alteration in gliomas and also in other cancers such as those of the breast, prostate, and kidney. Here we sought to provide a functional test of its candidacy as a growth suppressor in glioma cells. We used a combination of Northern blot analysis, protein truncation assays, and sequence analysis to determine the types and frequency of PTEN mutations in glioma cell lines so that we could define appropriate recipients to assess the growth suppressive function of PTEN by gene transfer. Introduction of wild-type PTEN into glioma cells containing endogenous mutant alleles caused growth suppression, but was without effect in cells containing endogenous wild-type PTEN. The ectopic expression of PTEN alleles, which carried mutations found in primary tumors and have been shown or are expected to inactivate its phosphatase activity, caused little growth suppression. These data strongly suggest that PTEN is a protein phosphatase that exhibits functional and specific growth-suppressing activity.
Learning Data-Driven Reflectance Priors for Intrinsic Image Decomposition (2015)

We propose a data-driven approach for intrinsic image decomposition, which is the process of inferring the confounding factors of reflectance and shading in an image. We pose this as a two-stage learning problem. First, we train a model to predict relative reflectance ordering between image patches ('brighter', 'darker', 'same') from large-scale human annotations, producing a data-driven reflectance prior. Second, we show how to naturally integrate this learned prior into existing energy minimization frame-works for intrinsic image decomposition. We compare our method to the state-of-the-art approach of Bell et al. [7] on both decomposition and image relighting tasks, demonstrating the benefits of the simple relative reflectance prior, especially for scenes under challenging lighting conditions.
Glutamine deficiency in the prefrontal cortex increases depressive-like behaviours in male mice (2013)

Neuronal Gln deficiency in the prefrontal cortex may cause depressive behaviours.
HPGCD Outperforms HPBCD as a Potential Treatment for Niemann-Pick Disease Type C During Disease Modeling with iPS Cells (2014)

Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC) is a lysosomal storage disease characterized by abnormal accumulation of free cholesterol and glycolipids. Here, we established induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines from NPC patients. Hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs) and neural progenitors derived from the iPSC lines accumulated cholesterol and displayed impaired autophagy and ATP production. A molecular signature related to lipid metabolism was also impaired in the NPC-iPSC-derived HLCs. These findings indicate that iPSC-derived cells can phenocopy human NPC. We also newly found that 2-hydroxypropyl-γ-cyclodextrin (HPGCD) could reduce the cholesterol accumulation and restore the functional and molecular abnormalities in the NPC patient-derived cells, and do so more effectively than 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin treatment. In addition, NPC model mice showed an improved liver status and prolonged survival with HPGCDs. Thus, iPSC lines derived from patient cells are powerful tools to study cellular models of NPC, and HPGCD is a potential new drug candidate for future treatment of this disease.
The Arabidopsis TDS4 gene encodes leucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase (LDOX) and is essential for proanthocyanidin synthesis and vacuole development (2003)

The anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin (PA) biosynthetic pathways share common intermediates until leucocyanidin, which may be used by leucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase (LDOX) to produce anthocyanin, or the enzyme leucoanthocyanidin reductase (LAR) to produce catechin, a precursor of PA. The Arabidopsis mutant tannin deficient seed 4 (tds4-1) has a reduced PA level and altered pattern PA accumulation. We identified the TDS4 gene as LDOX by complementation of the tds4-1 mutation either with a cosmid encoding LDOX or a 35S:LDOX construct. Independent Arabidopsis lines with a T-DNA insertion in the LDOX gene had a similar phenotype, and one was allelic to tds4-1. The seed phenotype of ban tds4 double mutants showed that LDOX precedes BANYULS (BAN) in the PA pathway, confirming recent biochemical characterisation of BAN as an anthocyanidin reductase. Double mutant analysis was also used to order the other TDS genes. Analysis of the PA intermediates in tds4-1 revealed three dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde (DMACA) reacting compounds that accumulated in extracts from developing seeds. Analysis of Arabidopsis PA and its precursors indicates that Arabidopsis, unlike many other plants, exclusively uses the epicatechin and not the catechin pathway to PA. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that the pattern observed when seeds of tds4 were stained with DMACA was a result of the accumulation of PA intermediates in the cytoplasm of endothelial cells. Fluorescent marker dyes were used to show that tds4 endothelial cells had multiple small vacuoles, instead of a large central vacuole as observed in the wild types (WT). These results show that in addition to its established role in the formation of anthocyanin, LDOX is also part of the PA biosynthesis pathway.
Gold nanoparticles as novel label for DNA diagnostics (2002)

The growing interest in DNA diagnostics, especially in combination with the need for highly-paralleled and miniaturized hybridization assays, is today addressed by fluorescence DNA chips. Fluorescence detection is approved and highly developed, however, it has also problematic aspects, e.g., the low stability of the dyes, the influence of the physicochemical environment onto the signal intensity and the expensive set-up for detection. A novel detection scheme based on metal nanoparticles was proposed to overcome these problems and is discussed in this review.
Use of a conditional MyoD transcription factor in studies of MyoD trans-activation and muscle determination. (1993)

DNA sequences encoding the hormone-binding domains of several steroid hormone receptors were fused in frame to the MyoD gene. When the gene for this chimeric protein was expressed in NIH 3T3 or 10T1/2 fibroblasts, these cells displayed hormone-dependent induction of myogenesis. Our experiments focused on cell lines expressing estrogen receptor-MyoD chimeras. Induction of these lines in the presence of estradiol and an inhibitor of protein synthesis, cycloheximide, resulted in the activation of the endogenous myogenin gene but did not activate the muscle-specific creatine kinase or cardiac alpha-actin gene. This result suggests that MyoD is not a "direct" activator of these downstream myogenic genes but must first activate myogenin as an intermediary. Once muscle is induced by estrogen receptor-MyoD the muscle phenotype is very stable and does not need the continued presence of estradiol for its maintenance.
PD-L1 Expression as a Predictive Biomarker in Cancer Immunotherapy (2015)

The resurgence of cancer immunotherapy stems from an improved understanding of the tumor microenvironment. The PD-1/PD-L1 axis is of particular interest, in light of promising data demonstrating a restoration of host immunity against tumors, with the prospect of durable remissions. Indeed, remarkable clinical responses have been seen in several different malignancies including, but not limited to, melanoma, lung, kidney, and bladder cancers. Even so, determining which patients derive benefit from PD-1/PD-L1-directed immunotherapy remains an important clinical question, particularly in light of the autoimmune toxicity of these agents. The use of PD-L1 (B7-H1) immunohistochemistry (IHC) as a predictive biomarker is confounded by multiple unresolved issues: variable detection antibodies, differing IHC cutoffs, tissue preparation, processing variability, primary versus metastatic biopsies, oncogenic versus induced PD-L1 expression, and staining of tumor versus immune cells. Emerging data suggest that patients whose tumors overexpress PD-L1 by IHC have improved clinical outcomes with anti-PD-1-directed therapy, but the presence of robust responses in some patients with low levels of expression of these markers complicates the issue of PD-L1 as an exclusionary predictive biomarker. An improved understanding of the host immune system and tumor microenvironment will better elucidate which patients derive benefit from these promising agents.
Electron-Induced Inversion of Helical Chirality in Copper Complexes of N , N -Dialkylmethionines (2000)

Stereodynamic complexes of copper were found to undergo inversion of a helical chiral element upon oxidation or reduction. The amino acid methionine was derivatized by the attachment of two chromophores to the nitrogen atom. The resultant ligands formed stable complexes with Cu(I) and Cu(II) salts. For a derivative of a given absolute chirality, the complexes afford nearly mirror image circular dichroism spectra. The spectral changes originate from reorientation of the nitrogen-attached chromophores due to a conformation interconversion driven by the exchange of a carboxylate for a sulfide ligand. The electrically induced chirality inversion coupled with strong interactions with polarized light is unique and may lead to novel chiral molecular devices.
Dependence of subthalamic nucleus oscillations on movement and dopamine in Parkinson’s disease (2002)

Local field potentials and pairs of neurones in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) of patients with Parkinson's disease show high-frequency oscillations (HFOs) at 15-30 Hz. This study explores how these HFOs are modulated by voluntary movements and by dopaminergic medication. We examined 15 patients undergoing implantation of bilateral deep brain stimulating electrodes using microelectrode recordings of pairs of STN neurones (eight patients) and macroelectrode recordings of local field potentials from the STN (14 patients). Synchronized HFOs between STN neurones were observed in 28 out of 37 pairs in five patients who had tremor in the operating room and none of 45 pairs in three patients who did not. In two of the three non-tremulous patients, HFOs in the frequency spectra of local field potentials were detected but were weaker than in those patients with tremor. Active movement suppressed synchronized HFOs in three out of five pairs of neurones, independent of changes in firing rate. HFOs observed in the local field potentials in nine out of 14 patients were reduced with voluntary movement in six of the eight patients tested. Dopaminergic medication decreased the incidence of synchronized HFOs in STN neurone pairs, reduced HFO synchrony in a pair of tremor cells concurrent with a reduction in firing rate and limb tremor, and decreased HFOs of local field potentials in the STN. These results demonstrate that HFO synchronization in the STN is reduced by voluntary movements and by exogenous dopaminergic medication. A mechanism for neuronal oscillatory synchronization in basal ganglia is proposed. It is suggested that the firing of STN neurones can be synchronized by 15-30 Hz cortical beta oscillatory activity, particularly when dopamine deficiency results in a higher background firing rate of STN neurones, and that this synchronization contributes to parkinsonian pathophysiology.
Endotoxin-mediated dendritic cell release from the intestine. Characterization of released dendritic cells and TNF dependence. (1995)

Dendritic cells (DC) acquire Ag in peripheral tissues and transport it to lymph nodes where they efficiently activate resting T cells. We have shown that i.v. endotoxin causes increased release of intestinal DC into lymph. In this paper we further characterize the release of DC and the properties of the released cells. A total of 50 micrograms of endotoxin injected i.v. causes an increase in DC output within 6 h that peaks between 12 and 24 h, with a maximum output of 8 to 15 times normal. At the same time lymphocyte output is markedly decreased. The increased output of DC is followed by a decrease to subnormal levels. The stimulated release of DC is almost totally blocked by a monoclonal anti-TNF-alpha Ab. A second injection of TNF-alpha does not result in further DC release. DC are not released from lymph nodes into efferent lymph by endotoxin. DC collected from lymph after endotoxin treatment show increased expression of the p55 IL-2 receptor and the OX48 Ag but otherwise resemble normal lymph DC. In functional assays they show no significant differences from normal in their ability to stimulate a MLR or to present Ags to sensitized T cells. Immunocytochemistry with the use of MRC OX62 suggests that the DC are released into lymph from the lamina propria of the small intestine. The stimulated release of DC mediated by TNF-alpha may be important in regulating Ag presentation in lymph nodes draining inflammatory sites.
Esport per a immigrants: instrument d’integració? (2002)

Ja des de final dels setanta es planteja, a Alemanya, l’esport com una possibilitat gairebe ideal per afavorir la integracio dels immigrants, motiu pel qual diverses associacions i clubs esportius van planificar, amb aquest objectiu, un seguit de projectes esportius per als diferents grups d’immigrants. Malgrat tot, ara com ara ens manquen estudis empirics valids i combinables entre si que mostrin el resultat practic d’aquests projectes. L’article comenca per respondre dues preguntes. La primera es planteja si es comparable la situacio d’Alemanya amb la d’Espanya. La segona pregunta es refereix a les possibilitats especifiques dels valors atribuits a l’esport. Es questiona, despres, el mateix concepte d’integracio. Hi podem distingir cinc dimensions, a saber: una integracio referida a les questions legals, una integracio estructural funcional, la familiaritzacio amb les tecniques culturals, la integracio cultural i una integracio identificativa. S’ha demostrat que l’esport unicament pot aportar quelcom a la integracio cultural i a la identificativa. Finalment, es presenten algunes propostes sobre la forma d’organitzar i popularitzar l’esport, perque els immigrants se sentin motivats per aquest.
Hydride transfer in the oxidation of alcohols by [(bpy)2(py)Ru(Q)]2+. A kH/kD kinetic isotope effect of 50 (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHydride transfer in the oxidation of alcohols by [(bpy)2(py)Ru(Q)]2+. A kH/kD kinetic isotope effect of 50Lee Roecker and Thomas J. MeyerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1987, 109, 3, 746–754Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00237a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00237a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views999Altmetric-Citations180LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Incorporation of different polyunsaturated fatty acids into eggs (2000)

An experiment was carried out to examine thoroughly the relationships among different n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the diet, their deposition into the eggs' fat, and their effect on hens' laying performance. A diet enriched with 4% fish oil (FO) was fed to the birds throughout the 14-wk laying period (Treatment 1; T1); this was the same oil source that was replaced in proportions of 25, 50, 75, or 100% with four different fat sources, resulting in 17 isocaloric dietary treatments: linseed oil (LO; T2 to T5), rapeseed oil (RO; T6 to T9), sunflower oil (SO; T10 to T13), and tallow (T; T14 to T17). Performance parameters were recorded weekly and analyzed on the basis of the replacing fat source. At the end of the 14-wk experimental period, eggs were collected, and their fatty acid (FA) profile was determined. Performance parameters were not significantly different among grouped treatments. Smaller proportions of FO in diets resulted in lower values of saturated and higher values of n-6 FA contents, regardless of the fat source used when replacing FO. The n-6 content increased mostly because of the rise in linoleic acid (LA), although the level of arachidonic acid (AA) was always higher when FO was completely suppressed. The amount of the different n-3 long-chain PUFA was lower (P < 0.001) when FO was present in lesser proportions in the diet. However, the slope of the decline of these FA changed according to the included fat. Replacing FO with LO resulted in the lowest decline of its derivatives by elongation and desaturation and an increase in the total n-3 FA in the form of linolenic acid (LNA).
Modulation of Th1 and Th2 Cytokine Profiles and Their Association with Advanced Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (2004)

D-5.
The Crystal Structure of Me3SiNPPh2CH2PPh2 and NMR Investigations on its Proposed Thermal Isomerization (1990)

The crystal structure of Me 3 SiNPPh 2 CH 2 PPh 2 (1) has been determined in order to obtain information about the ground state conformation in the solid, and about unusual steric effects which could give rise to conformational isomers. It was recently proposed that such isomers exist due to restricted rotation about the P=N bond, and are generated by heating the compound to 160 C. The evidence for them was based on the observation of multiple NMR signals in CDCl 3 solutions of samples which had been so treated. The crystal structure yields a P–N–Si bond angle of 150.2(2), a P–N bond length of 1.529(3) Å and a Si–N bond lengths of 1.668(3) A. It is clear that, as a result of the relatively large P–N–Si angle in 1, there is no steric hindrance to rotation about the P–N bond in this molecule. Attempts to study the energetics of the proposed isomerization by recording the NMR spectra of heated samples showed that the previously reported multiple NMR signals are not generated in this way. However, such signals are generated at ambient temperature under various circumstances, for example in the course of the reaction of a CDCl 3 solution of 1 with methanol to produce HNPPh 2 CH 2 PPh 2 (2). The observation that it is not necessary to heat 1 in order to generate these signals makes their assignment to rotational isomers rather less likely. In the absence of a reproducible method of producing these signals in a pure sample, the existence of such isomers should be regarded as not yet proven.
LIGPLOT: a program to generate schematic diagrams of protein-ligand interactions (1995)

The LIGPLOT program automatically generates schematic 2-D representations of protein-ligand complexes from standard Protein Data Bank file input. The output is a colour, or black-and-white, PostScript file giving a simple and informative representation of the intermolecular interactions and their strengths, including hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic interactions and atom accessibilities. The program is completely general for any ligand and can also be used to show other types of interaction in proteins and nucleic acids. It was designed to facilitate the rapid inspection of many enzyme complexes, but has found many other applications.
DNA Melting Analysis for Detection of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (2001)

The efficiency and sensitivity of DMA make it highly suitable for the large-scale detection of sequence variants.