gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Neopentyl 3-Triflyloxypropanesulfonate. A Reactive Sulfopropylation Reagent for the Preparation of Chemiluminescent Labels (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTNeopentyl 3-Triflyloxypropanesulfonate. A Reactive Sulfopropylation Reagent for the Preparation of Chemiluminescent LabelsMaciej Adamczyk, Yon-Yih Chen, Phillip G. Mattingly, You Pan, and Sushil RegeView Author Information Abbott Laboratories, Diagnostics Division, Division Organic Chemistry (9-NM), Building AP 20, 100 Abbott Park Road, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064 Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1998, 63, 16, 5636–5639Publication Date (Web):July 7, 1998Publication History Received9 January 1998Published online7 July 1998Published inissue 1 August 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo980047rhttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo980047rbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1464Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Alkyls,Mixtures,Organic compounds,Reagents,Salts Get e-Alerts
Cloning of the cDNAs encoding the cellular retinaldehyde-binding protein from bovine and human retina and comparison of the protein structures. (1988)

A 1173-base pair cDNA encoding bovine cellular retinaldehyde-binding protein (CRALBP) was cloned from a bovine retinal cDNA expression library using as probes both anti-CRALBP polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies. The amino acid sequence deduced from the cDNA corresponds exactly to that determined by direct analysis of NH2-terminally acetylated bovine CRALBP (Crabb, J. W., Johnson, C. M., Carr, S. A., Armes, L. G., and Saari, J. C. (1988) J. Biol. Chem. 263, 18678-18687). Nick-translated bovine CRALBP cDNA probes were then used to clone from a human retinal cDNA library a 1317-base pair cDNA encoding human CRALBP. Bovine and human CRALBP are 92% identical in amino acid sequence and not related to any other known protein sequence. Both the bovine and human proteins contain 316 residues and have calculated molecular weights of 36,378 and 36,347, respectively, exclusive of the NH2-terminal blocking groups. The CRALBP cDNA clones should prove valuable as tools for studying the physiological role of the protein in vision and visual disorders.
The role of proinflammatory and immunoregulatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis. (1995)

We investigated the production of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-alpha) and immunoregulatory cytokines (IL-2, IFN-gamma, and IL-10) in the colonic mucosa of patients with active ulcerative colitis (UC), inactive UC, and non-inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) colitis by organ culture. The production of proinflammatory cytokines was significantly increased in all the studied groups compared with controls. In active UC, levels of these cytokines, except for IL-1 beta, were markedly increased compared with non-IBD colitis, and the levels were positively correlated with the degree of inflammation. Patients with non-refractory active UC receiving steroids showed levels of IL-1 beta and TNF-beta production similar to those in controls. IL-10 production was also significantly increased in all the studied groups, the value of being the highest in active UC. In contrast, IL-2- and IFN-gamma production was significantly decreased in both active and inactive UC compared with controls, and the values in active UC were inversely correlated with the degree of inflammation. In non-IBD colitis, decreased IL-2 production was observed, but IFN-gamma production did not differ from that in controls. In an experimental study, each of the proinflammatory cytokines was injected into the colonic mucosa of rats. All of these proinflammatory cytokines, except for IL-1 beta induced colonic mucosal damage that showed some histologic features similar to those of UC. These results suggest that the increased production of proinflammatory cytokines, particularly of IL-6 and IL-8, and the decreased production of IL-2- and IFN-gamma, probably downregulated by the enhanced production of IL-10, play an important role in the pathogenesis of UC.
Prognostic Value of Purified Protein Derivative Skin Test and Granuloma Formation in Patients Treated with Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (1986)

We evaluated the prognostic value of purified protein derivative skin test reactivity and a granulomatous response in intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin therapy. We treated 62 patients with intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin once a week for 6 weeks. Purified protein derivative skin tests were performed before and after therapy. Cold cup bladder biopsies were examined in a blind retrospective manner for the presence of granulomas 6 weeks after completion of therapy. A significant correlation between status free of tumor and the presence of either granulomas or positive purified protein derivative skin tests was observed for the total patient population. Of 25 patients whose purified protein derivative test was converted from negative to positive 19 (77 per cent) remained free of tumor, while only 11 of 32 (34 per cent) whose test did not convert to purified protein derivative positive remained free of tumor (p equals 0.0006, chi-square). Similarly, 28 of 37 patients (77 per cent) who had a granulomatous response remained free of tumor, while only 8 of 25 (32 per cent) without a granulomatous response remained free of tumor (p less than 0.003, chi-square). The correlation was similar for each parameter when the total patient population was subdivided into patients treated for carcinoma in situ, residual tumor or prophylaxis. Calculation of predictive values showed that neither purified protein derivative responsiveness, granuloma formation nor a combination of both provided a highly accurate predictive index of therapeutic response in individual patients. False positive or negative rates, ranging from 23 to 24 per cent and 32 to 39 per cent, respectively, were observed. These results suggest that a link between immunological responsiveness and response to therapy exists but that neither the purified protein derivative skin test nor the granulomatous response exhibits sufficient immunological specificity to serve as accurate prognostic indicators in individual patients.
Design and analysis of a hierarchical scalable photonic architecture (2002)

This paper introduces a hierarchical optical structure for processor interconnection and evaluates its performance. The architecture is based on wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) which enables multiple multi-access channels to be realized on a single optical fiber. The objective of the hierarchical architecture is to achieve scalability yet avoid the requirement of multiple wavelength tunable devices per node as with the WDM-based hypercube interconnection scheme. Furthermore, single-hop communication is achieved: a packet remains in the optical form from source to destination and does not require cross dimensional intermediate routing. The wavelength multiplexed hierarchical structure features wavelength channel re-use at each level, allowing scalability to very large system sizes. It employs acousto-optic tunable filters in conjunction with passive couplers to partition the traffic between different levels of the hierarchy without electronic intervention. A significant advantage of the proposed structure is its ability to dynamically vary the bandwidth provided to different levels of the hierarchy. The architecture is compared to a wavelength-flat architecture in terms of physical and performance scalability.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Reduction of blocking artifacts by adaptive DCT coefficient estimation in block-based video coding (2002)

We propose an adaptive post-processing method for reducing blocking artifacts in block-based video coding. This method is based on DCT coefficient estimation by quadratic programming method for each block. For the blocks including detected edges, we define an objective function on the basis of preservation of the edges and continuity of the pixel values at the block boundaries. For the other blocks, we define an objective function on the basis of the continuity around the block boundaries. Furthermore, the DCT coefficients are estimated sequentially from lower frequency side to higher in order to obtain the stable estimates. For the blocks coded with the use of motion-compensated prediction, we estimate the DCT coefficients representing the prediction errors. The experiments show that the proposed method improves both subjective and objective image quality compared to the H.263 decoded frames and also improves the SNR of the sequences coded by the H.263+ Annex.J method at several bit rates.
Acceleration of iterative image restoration algorithms (1997)

A new technique for the acceleration of iterative image restoration algorithms is proposed. The method is based on the principles of vector extrapolation and does not require the minimization of a cost function. The algorithm is derived and its performance illustrated with Richardson-Lucy (R-L) and maximum entropy (ME) deconvolution algorithms and the Gerchberg-Saxton magnitude and phase retrieval algorithms. Considerable reduction in restoration times is achieved with little image distortion or computational overhead per iteration. The speedup achieved is shown to increase with the number of iterations performed and is easily adapted to suit different algorithms. An example R-L restoration achieves an average speedup of 40 times after 250 iterations and an ME method 20 times after only 50 iterations. An expression for estimating the acceleration factor is derived and confirmed experimentally. Comparisons with other acceleration techniques in the literature reveal significant improvements in speed and stability.
Suitability between human dentine and resin-composite′s compressive creep behaviour: an in vitro study (2017)

Objective
To evaluate the suitability between human dentine and resin-composite′s compressive creep behavior under in vitro circumstances.


Methods
Twenty human dentine specimens were fabricated using molars free from fracture and irregularities in shape, and were then divided randomly into two groups, with ten specimens in each group. Twenty resin-composite specimens were prepared in a dental laboratory and divided randomly into two groups, with ten specimens in each group. Specimens were loaded for 7200 s under a constant compressive load of 300 and 50 N, respectively. After the data acquisition of compressive creep tests, the time-strain curves were drawn and the maximum creep strain was observed. Statistical analysis was performed using independent-samples t-test at a significance level of 0.05.


Results
Under the same in vitro testing conditions, creep behaviour was observed in both human dentine and resin-composite, yet the trend of the strain-time curves was different. Under the constant load of 300 N, the maximum creep strain of human dentine was (2.953 ± 1.099) %, significantly higher than that of the resin-composite (1.370 ± 0.069) % (t= 4.54, P < 0.001) . Under the constant load of 50 N, the maximum creep strain of dentine was (1.490 ± 0.348) %, significantly higher than that of the resin-composite (0.483 ± 0.105) % (t= 8.76, P < 0.001) .


Conclusion
Under the same in vitro testing conditions, the compressive creep occurred in human dentine was significantly higher than that in resin-composite.


Key words: 
Dentine; Resin-composites; Compressive creep behavior
A factor IX-deficient mouse model for hemophilia B gene therapy (1997)

We have generated a mouse where the clotting factor IX (FIX) gene has been disrupted by homologous recombination. The FIX nullizygous (-/-) mouse was devoid of factor IX antigen in plasma. Consistent with the bleeding disorder, the factor IX coagulant activities for wild-type (+/+), heterozygous (+/-), and homozygous (-/-) mice were 92%, 53%, and <5%, respectively, in activated partial thromboplastin time assays. Plasma factor IX activity in the deficient mice (-/-) was restored by introducing wild-type murine FIX gene via adenoviral vectors. Thus, these factor IX-deficient mice provide a useful animal model for gene therapy studies of hemophilia B.
Can we contain Internet worms (2004)

Using a Call 911 protocol in this regional cardiac care system, patients with STEMI requiring interfacility transfers had a median FMC2B time of 111 minutes, with 56% meeting the 120-minute goal.
MALDI‐TOF MS profiling as the first‐tier screen for sickle cell disease in neonates: Matching throughput to objectives (2011)

Given that the overall acquisition, data reprocessing and software-assisted classification (ClinProTools™) time for processing four mass determinations (corresponding to one sample) was around 1 min, 1000 samples can be analysed per day. Rather than seeking to detect as many different haemoglobinopathies as possible, it would become possible to use MALDI-TOF-MS to screen (at a constant cost) as many samples as possible for sickle cell disease.
An Unexplored Diversity of Reverse Transcriptases in Bacteria (2015)

ABSTRACT Reverse transcriptases (RTs) are usually thought of as eukaryotic enzymes, but they are also present in bacteria and likely originated in bacteria and migrated to eukaryotes. Only three types of bacterial retroelements have been substantially characterized: group II introns, diversity-generating retroelements, and retrons. Recent work, however, has identified a myriad of uncharacterized RTs and RT-related sequences in bacterial genomes, which exhibit great sequence diversity and a range of domain structures. Apart from group II introns, none of these putative RTs show evidence of active retromobility. Instead, available information suggests that they are involved in useful processes, sometimes related to phages or phage resistance. This article reviews our knowledge of both characterized and uncharacterized RTs in bacteria. The range of their sequences and genomic contexts promises the discovery of new biochemical reactions and biological phenomena.
Symposium - Intersections: Sexuality, Cultural Tradition, and the Law - Introduction (1996)

This Symposium inhabits two intersections: the intersection linking sexual orientation with other axes of social stratification, and the intersection linking the legal future to the legal past, legal reform to legal history. Francisco Valdes examines the relationship between sex and gender in Euro-American cultural and legal history to support a reform proposal on behalf of "sexual minorities"; Robert J. Morris excavates the cultural history of same-sex relationships in Hawai'i to support a claim that Hawaiian cultural preservation, mandated by the Hawai'i State Constitution, includes recognition of same-sex marriage; and Mary Coombs and Angela Harris provide critical comments on sociological, affiliative, intellectual, and historiographical intersections that structure Morris' and Valdes' claims. Valdes and Morris offer perhaps the most richly researched and polemically targeted cultural-historical accounts of sexual orientation in the law review literature. Particularly with the addition of Coombs' and Harris' critical responses, this Symposium frames the debate for queer legal history and historiography. It should be read under the immemorial motto: Those who don't study historiography are doomed to repeat it.
THE USE OF DICED CARTILAGE BY INJECTION WITH A NEEDLE (1961)

* From the Maxillo-facial Department of the Traumatology and Orthopedics Scientific Research Institute, Leningrad. U. S. S. R.
Hierarchical classification of Web content (2000)

This paper explores the use of hierarchical structure for classifying a large, heterogeneous collection of web content. The hierarchical structure is initially used to train different second-level classifiers. In the hierarchical case, a model is learned to distinguish a second-level category from other categories within the same top level. In the flat non-hierarchical case, a model distinguishes a second-level category from all other second-level categories. Scoring rules can further take advantage of the hierarchy by considering only second-level categories that exceed a threshold at the top level.
The K-clique Densest Subgraph Problem (2015)

Numerous graph mining applications rely on detecting subgraphs which are large near-cliques. Since formulations that are geared towards finding large near-cliques are hard and frequently inapproximable due to connections with the Maximum Clique problem, the poly-time solvable densest subgraph problem which maximizes the average degree over all possible subgraphs "lies at the core of large scale data mining" [10]. However, frequently the densest subgraph problem fails in detecting large near-cliques in networks.
Computer model of tetrahedral amorphous diamond (1995)

We computer generate a model of amorphous diamond using the Wooten-Weaire method, with fourfold coordination everywhere. We investigate two models: one where four-membered rings are allowed and the other where the four-membered rings are forbidden; each model consisting of 4096 atoms. Starting from the perfect diamond crystalline structure, we first randomize the structure by introducing disorder through random bond switches at a sufficiently high temperature. Subsequently, the temperature is reduced in stages, and the topological and geometrical relaxation of the structure takes place using the Keating potential. After a long annealing process, a random network of comparatively low energy is obtained. We calculate the pair distribution function, mean bond angle, rms angular deviation, rms bond length, rms bond-length deviation, and ring statistics for the final relaxed structures. We minimize the total strain energy by adjusting the density of the sample. We compare our results with similar computer-generated models for amorphous silicon, and with experimental measurement of the structure factor for (predominantly tetrahedral) amorphous carbon.
BEST: Improved Prediction of B-Cell Epitopes from Antigen Sequences (2012)

Accurate identification of immunogenic regions in a given antigen chain is a difficult and actively pursued problem. Although accurate predictors for T-cell epitopes are already in place, the prediction of the B-cell epitopes requires further research. We overview the available approaches for the prediction of B-cell epitopes and propose a novel and accurate sequence-based solution. Our BEST (B-cell Epitope prediction using Support vector machine Tool) method predicts epitopes from antigen sequences, in contrast to some method that predict only from short sequence fragments, using a new architecture based on averaging selected scores generated from sliding 20-mers by a Support Vector Machine (SVM). The SVM predictor utilizes a comprehensive and custom designed set of inputs generated by combining information derived from the chain, sequence conservation, similarity to known (training) epitopes, and predicted secondary structure and relative solvent accessibility. Empirical evaluation on benchmark datasets demonstrates that BEST outperforms several modern sequence-based B-cell epitope predictors including ABCPred, method by Chen et al. (2007), BCPred, COBEpro, BayesB, and CBTOPE, when considering the predictions from antigen chains and from the chain fragments. Our method obtains a cross-validated area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for the fragment-based prediction at 0.81 and 0.85, depending on the dataset. The AUCs of BEST on the benchmark sets of full antigen chains equal 0.57 and 0.6, which is significantly and slightly better than the next best method we tested. We also present case studies to contrast the propensity profiles generated by BEST and several other methods.
Formation and Activation of a Cyclin E-cdk2 Complex During the G 1 Phase of the Human Cell Cycle (1992)

Human cyclin E, originally identified on the basis of its ability to function as a G1 cyclin in budding yeast, associated with a cell cycle-regulated protein kinase in human cells. The cyclin E-associated kinase activity peaked during G1, before the appearance of cyclin A, and was diminished during exit from the cell cycle after differentiation or serum withdrawal. The major cyclin E-associated kinase in human cells was Cdk2 (cyclin-dependent kinase 2). The abundance of the cyclin E protein and the cyclin E-Cdk2 complex was maximal in G1 cells. These results provide further evidence that in all eukaryotes assembly of a cyclin-Cdk complex is an important step in the biochemical pathway that controls cell proliferation during G1.
Copper Surfaces Reduce the Rate of Healthcare-Acquired Infections in the Intensive Care Unit (2013)

OBJECTIVE. Healthcare-acquired infections (HAIs) cause substantial patient morbidity and mortality. Items in the environment harbor microorganisms that may contribute to HAIs. Reduction in surface bioburden may be an effective strategy to reduce HAIs. The inherent biocidal properties of copper surfaces offer a theoretical advantage to conventional cleaning, as the effect is continuous rather than episodic. We sought to determine whether placement of copper alloy-surfaced objects in an intensive care unit (ICU) reduced the risk of HAI. DESIGN. Intention-to-treat randomized control trial between July 12, 2010, and June 14, 2011. SETTINg. The ICUs of 3 hospitals. PATIENTS. Patients presenting for admission to the ICU. METHODS. Patients were randomly placed in available rooms with or without copper alloy surfaces, and the rates of incident HAI and/or colonization with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) or vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) in each type of room were compared. RESULTS. The rate of HAI and/or MRSA or VRE colonization in ICU rooms with copper alloy surfaces was significantly lower than that in standard ICU rooms (0.071 vs 0.123; P = .020). For HAI only, the rate was reduced from 0.081 to 0.034 (P = .013). CONCLUSIONs. Patients cared for in ICU rooms with copper alloy surfaces had a significantly lower rate of incident HAI and/or colonization with MRSA or VRE than did patients treated in standard rooms. Additional studies are needed to determine the clinical effect of copper alloy surfaces in additional patient populations and settings.
An approach to role-based access control for digital content (2002)

Role-based access control is the state-of-the-art mechanism for restricting access to resources. Today, digital content is distributed via CD-ROMs and the Internet with little or no protection. Using widely available public key cryptography, we propose to extend the paradigm of role-based access control to digital content by encapsulating it into secure document containers. Certification authorities can certify that a specific user belongs to a certain group and can thus be granted access to systems (i.e. document containers) that do not know who the user actually is. Online distribution of one-time keys can be used to avoid various attacks like replays.