gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
LIV-1 breast cancer protein belongs to a new family of histidine-rich membrane proteins with potential to control intracellular zinc (2000)

Conference Abstract| October 01 2000 LIV-1 breast cancer protein belongs to a new family of histidine-rich membrane proteins with potential to control intracellular zinc K. M. Taylor; K. M. Taylor 1Tenovus Cancer Research Centre, Welsh School of Pharmacy, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3XF, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar H. E. Morgan; H. E. Morgan 1Tenovus Cancer Research Centre, Welsh School of Pharmacy, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3XF, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar R. I. Nicholson R. I. Nicholson 1Tenovus Cancer Research Centre, Welsh School of Pharmacy, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3XF, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (2000) 28 (5): A394. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst028a394c Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation K. M. Taylor, H. E. Morgan, R. I. Nicholson; LIV-1 breast cancer protein belongs to a new family of histidine-rich membrane proteins with potential to control intracellular zinc. Biochem Soc Trans 1 October 2000; 28 (5): A394. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst028a394c Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 2000 Biochemical Society2000 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Conformation of Cylindrical Brushes in Solution:  Effect of Side Chain Length (2006)

The conformation of cylindrical brush polymers with a polymethacrylate main and polystyrene side chains (6 ≤ ≤ 33, with the number-average degree of polymerization of the side chains) were studied by combined light and small-angle neutron scattering experiments. The results reveal that the main chain stiffness expressed in terms of the Kuhn statistical segment length, lk, increases with side chain length but does not follow scaling predictions which most probably is due to the limited length of the side chains investigated experimentally. In this respect the present work addresses the transition regime from flexible coils to stiff cylindrical brushes as a function of side chain length. In detail, the increase of lk is stronger in toluene, a very good solvent for the side chains, than in the poor solvent cyclohexane and does not level off for the longest side chains investigated ( = 33). In contrast to earlier work, the cylinder length per main chain monomer is found to be independent of side chain length but to depend slightly on the solvent quality, i.e., lm = 0.241 nm in toluene and lm = 0.207 nm in cyclohexane. The value determined in toluene is close to the maximum value of lm = 0.25 nm expected for a fully stretched vinylic main chain, whereas the smaller value for lm in cyclohexane suggests a local coiling of the main chain, most probably caused by less repulsive interactions between the side chains. The discrepancy to some earlier scattering experiments could be resolved, but the origin of frequently reported much smaller cylinder lengths derived by atomic force microscopy remains unclear.
Hyperuricaemia--where nephrology meets rheumatology (2008)

Rheumatologists care for patients with gouty arthritis, a condition caused by chronic and uncontrolled hyperuricaemia. Hyperuricaemia, gout and renal dysfunction are often bedfellows, raising the possibility of the former causing the latter. We sought the answer to the question 'Among patients with normal measures of glomerular filtration, does hyperuricaemia predict future renal disease'? We identified prospective cohort studies evaluating the relationship between serum uric acid and chronic kidney function from the past 20 yrs, through MEDLINE, Cochrane Library and EMBASE searches and bibliography cross-referencing. Nine cohort studies that met the selection criteria were found. Because of the extreme heterogeneity, a statistical meta-analysis was not performed. Most (eight out of nine) studies found an independent risk factor for deterioration of kidney function. Nearly all published prospective studies support the role of hyperuricaemia as an independent risk factor for renal dysfunction. In the absence of large randomized controlled trials of uric acid reduction, it remains uncertain if this relation is causal or merely an epiphenomenon. Regardless, our review suggests that hyperuricaemia is a useful, inexpensively measured, widely available and useful early marker for chronic kidney disease.
Maintained changes in motoneuronal excitability by short‐lasting synaptic inputs in the decerebrate cat. (1988)

1. During investigation of the tonic stretch reflex in the unanaesthetized decerebrate cat we observed that a short train of impulses in Ia afferents from the soleus muscle (or its synergists) may cause a prolonged activity in the soleus muscle as judged by EMG and tension recordings. This excitability increase, which outlasted the stimulus train, could stay virtually constant during long periods (even minutes), but could be terminated at any time by a train of impulses in, for example, the peroneal nerve. 2. Gradation of the strength of stimulation and the duration of the train of impulses show that the amount of maintained excitability increase depends-within some limits-on the total amount of Ia impulses. 3. In paralysed preparations a short train of impulses in Ia afferents from any part of the triceps surae, caused a maintained increase of the efferent activity in the nerves to triceps surae and a maintained increase of the triceps surae monosynaptic test reflex. These experiments demonstrate the existence of a central mechanism (in the spinal cord and/or the brain stem), which is responsible for the maintained excitability increase seen in motoneurones to the homonymous and synergic muscles. 4. In acute spinal preparations it was not possible to demonstrate any long-lasting excitability increase by a train of Ia impulses. Following intravenous administration of the serotonin precursor 5-hydroxytryptophan, mimicking the tonic activity of these pathways in the decerebrate state, it was again possible to elicit the long-lasting excitability increase by a train of impulses in Ia afferents. A subsequent I.V. injection of methysergide (a serotonin receptor blocker) abolished the long-lasting excitability increase. This set of experiments demonstrates that the basic mechanism responsible for the maintained excitability increase is located at segmental level, and involves serotonergic systems. 5. It was demonstrated that activation of several ipsilateral and crossed reflex pathways by trains of impulses in cutaneous or high-threshold muscle afferents could trigger a maintained excitability increase of those motoneurone pools which were activated by the stimulation. Trains of stimuli to facilitatory regions in the brain stem could also cause a long-lasting excitability increase of motoneurones. Furthermore, activation of all reflex pathways which mediate postsynaptic inhibition to a motor nucleus (including recurrent inhibition via Renshaw cells) could terminate the prolonged excitability increase of that particular motor nucleus.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
The organization of the human cerebral cortex estimated by intrinsic functional connectivity (2011)

Information processing in the cerebral cortex involves interactions among distributed areas. Anatomical connectivity suggests that certain areas form local hierarchical relations such as within the visual system. Other connectivity patterns, particularly among association areas, suggest the presence of large-scale circuits without clear hierarchical relations. In this study the organization of networks in the human cerebrum was explored using resting-state functional connectivity MRI. Data from 1,000 subjects were registered using surface-based alignment. A clustering approach was employed to identify and replicate networks of functionally coupled regions across the cerebral cortex. The results revealed local networks confined to sensory and motor cortices as well as distributed networks of association regions. Within the sensory and motor cortices, functional connectivity followed topographic representations across adjacent areas. In association cortex, the connectivity patterns often showed abrupt transitions between network boundaries. Focused analyses were performed to better understand properties of network connectivity. A canonical sensory-motor pathway involving primary visual area, putative middle temporal area complex (MT+), lateral intraparietal area, and frontal eye field was analyzed to explore how interactions might arise within and between networks. Results showed that adjacent regions of the MT+ complex demonstrate differential connectivity consistent with a hierarchical pathway that spans networks. The functional connectivity of parietal and prefrontal association cortices was next explored. Distinct connectivity profiles of neighboring regions suggest they participate in distributed networks that, while showing evidence for interactions, are embedded within largely parallel, interdigitated circuits. We conclude by discussing the organization of these large-scale cerebral networks in relation to monkey anatomy and their potential evolutionary expansion in humans to support cognition.
Gene Delivery Using Herpes Simplex Virus Vectors (2002)

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a neurotropic DNA virus with many favorable properties as a gene delivery vector. HSV is highly infectious, so HSV vectors are efficient vehicles for the delivery of exogenous genetic material to cells. Viral replication is readily disrupted by null mutations in immediate early genes that in vitro can be complemented in trans, enabling straightforward production of high-titre pure preparations of non-pathogenic vector. The genome is large (152 Kb) and many of the viral genes are dispensable for replication in vitro, allowing their replacement with large or multiple transgenes. Latent infection with wild-type virus results in episomal viral persistence in sensory neuronal nuclei for the duration of the host lifetime. Transduction with replication-defective vectors causes a latent-like infection in both neural and non-neural tissue; the vectors are non-pathogenic, unable to reactivate and persist long-term. The latency active promoter complex can be exploited in vector design to achieve long-term stable transgene expression in the nervous system. HSV vectors transduce a broad range of tissues because of the wide expression pattern of the cellular receptors recognized by the virus. Increasing understanding of the processes involved in cellular entry has allowed preliminary steps to be taken towards targeting the tropism of HSV vectors. Using replication-defective HSV vectors, highly encouraging results have emerged from recent pre-clinical studies on models of neurological disease, including glioma, peripheral neuropathy, chronic pain and neurodegeneration. Consequently, HSV vectors encoding appropriate transgenes to tackle these pathogenic processes are poised to enter clinical trials.
5,7-Dimethoxy-3-(4-Pyridinyl)Quinoline Is a Potent and Selective Inhibitor of Human Vascular .beta.-Type Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT5,7-Dimethoxy-3-(4-Pyridinyl)Quinoline Is a Potent and Selective Inhibitor of Human Vascular .beta.-Type Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine KinaseRoland E. Dolle, Joseph A. Dunn, Mark Bobko, Baldev Singh, Joan E. Kuster, Eugene Baizman, Alex L. Harris, David G. Sawutz, Deborah Miller, Su Wang, Connie R. Faltynek, Wen Xie, Jay Sarup, D. Christopher Bode, Edward D. Pagani, and Paul J. SilverCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1994, 37, 17, 2627–2629Publication Date (Print):August 19, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 19 August 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00043a002https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00043a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views306Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Exocytosis of IgG as mediated by the receptor, FcRn: An analysis at the single-molecule level (2004)

IgG transport within and across cells is essential for effective humoral immunity. Through a combination of biochemical and in vivo analyses, the MHC class I-related neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) is known to play a central role in delivering IgGs within and across cells. However, little is known about the molecular and cellular mechanisms that are involved in the exocytosis of IgG from cells that express FcRn. Here, we use single-molecule fluorescence microscopy to analyze exocytic processes in FcRn-GFP-transfected human endothelial cells. We show that exocytosis can occur by means of multiple modes that range from complete fusion of the exocytic vesicle with the plasma membrane to a slower-release mode ("prolonged release") that only involves partial mixing of membrane contents. Even for prolonged release, diffusion of FcRn into the plasma membrane can occur, indicating that FcRn is directly involved in IgG exocytosis. The slower-release mode is characterized by periodic, stepwise release of IgG, rather than the rapid burst that is observed for complete-fusion events. Analyses of single-molecule tracks suggest that IgG may be bound to FcRn for several seconds after exocytosis. Unexpectedly, after diffusion out of the exocytic site, IgG and FcRn molecules can also migrate back into the epicenter of the release site. Such retrograde movement may represent a mechanism for FcRn retrieval. Our studies provide insight into the events that lead to IgG exocytosis.
Closure of Palatal Fistula with Tongue Flap (1990)

Summary Forty-five patients having large palatal fistulae (1.5-2cm) which could not be closed with local tissues were selected for this study. Forty-two patients out of this group were treated by anteriorly based tongue flap alone and in three patients a supplementary Burian flap was used. Complete closure of the fistula could be achieved in forty-three cases.
Hirudin interruption of heparin-resistant arterial thrombus formation in baboons (1991)

To determine the role of thrombin in high blood flow, platelet- dependent thrombotic and hemostatic processes we measured the relative antithrombotic and antihemostatic effects in baboons of hirudin, a highly potent and specific antithrombin, and compared the effects of heparin, an antithrombin III-dependent inhibitor of thrombin. Thrombus formation was determined in vivo using three relevant models (homologous endarterectomized aorta, collagen-coated tubing, and Dacron vascular graft) by measuring: (1) platelet deposition, using gamma camera imaging of 111In-platelets; (2) fibrin deposition, as assessed by the incorporation of circulating 125I-fibrinogen; and (3) occlusion. The continuous intravenous infusion of 1, 5, and 20 nmol/kg per minute of recombinant hirudin (desulfatohirudin) maintained constant plasma levels of 0.16 +/- 0.03, 0.79 +/- 0.44, and 3.3 +/- 0.77 mumol/mL, respectively. Hirudin interrupted platelet and fibrin deposition in a dose-dependent manner that was profound at the highest dose for all three thrombogenic surfaces and significant at the lowest dose for thrombus formation on endarterectomized aorta. Thrombotic occlusion was prevented by all doses studied. In contrast, heparin did not inhibit either platelet or fibrin deposition when administered at a dose that maximally prolonged clotting times (100 U/kg) (P greater than .1), and only intermediate effects were produced at 10-fold that dose (1,000 U/kg). Moreover, heparin did not prevent occlusion of the test segments. Hirudin inhibited platelet hemostatic function in concert with its antithrombotic effects (bleeding times were prolonged by the intermediate and higher doses). By comparison, intravenous heparin failed to affect the bleeding time at the 100 U/kg dose (P greater than .5), and only minimally prolonged the bleeding time at the 1,000 U/kg dose (P less than .05). We conclude that platelet-dependent thrombotic and hemostatic processes are thrombin-mediated and that the biologic antithrombin hirudin produces a potent, dose-dependent inhibition of arterial thrombus formation that greatly exceeds the minimal antithrombotic effects produced by heparin.
Implementation of bit-serial adders using robust differential logic (1997)

In this paper two bit-serial carry save adders are implemented using a recently proposed differential logic style. The clocking scheme uses a single clock phase with non-precharged stages of logic that may be merged with the latches or the flip-flops. A novel flip-flop structure is used in one of the adders, which significantly lowers the number of clocked transistors. The logic style used in the adder realizations suits high speed and low power operation in both bitserial and bit-parallel implementations, since all logic nets are purely in NMOS. The logic style is also robust for clock slope and yields a data noise margin equal to Vdd/2. The adders reached a maximal clock frequency of 300 MHz in a 0.8 mm process with a 3.0 V power supply voltage. 1.
SUBIM: a program for analysing the Kabat database and determining the variability subgroup of a new immunoglobulin sequence (1995)

Although various programs are available to extract all the information included in protein sequence databases, none is dedicated to immunoglobulins. For this purpose, we designed a program, SUBIM, which is adapted to the Kabat database specialized in immunoglobulin sequences. Besides all the possibilities of any database searching program, SUBIM analyses new sequences of variable regions and determines the variability subgroup they belong to. It also numbers the new sequence according to the system established by Kabat and co-workers for an easier comparison with the other immunoglobulins, thus realizing an automatic alignment with other members of a given type of immunoglobulin chain. This program is largely machine independent and requires very little memory, and should help biochemists concerned with new immunoglobulin sequences.
Methods and uncertainties in bioclimatic envelope modelling under climate change (2006)

Potential impacts of projected climate change on biodiversity are often assessed using single-species bioclimatic ‘envelope’models. Such models are a special case of species distribution models in which the current geographical distribution of species is related to climatic variables so to enable projections of distributions under future climate change scenarios. This work reviews a number of critical methodological issues that may lead to uncertainty in predictions from bioclimatic modelling. Particular attention is paid to recent developments of bioclimatic modelling that address some of these issues as well as to the topics where more progress needs to be made. Developing and applying bioclimatic models in a informative way requires good understanding of a wide range of methodologies, including the choice of modelling technique, model validation, collinearity, autocorrelation, biased sampling of explanatory variables, scaling and impacts of non-climatic factors. A key challenge for future research is integrating factors such as land cover, direct CO 2 effects, biotic interactions and dispersal mechanisms into species-climate models. We conclude that, although bioclimatic envelope models have a number of important advantages, they need to be applied only when users of models have a thorough understanding of their limitations and uncertainties.
Effects on blood compatibilityin vitroby combining a direct P2Y12receptor inhibitor and heparin coating of stents (2006)

The effect of the direct platelet P2Y12 receptor inhibitor, AR-C69931MX, on activation of blood induced by stents with and without heparin coating was investigated using a whole blood Chandler loop model in vitro. Stents were deployed in Chandler loops. Fresh human blood with heparin and AR-C69931MX was rotated for 1 h at 37 degrees C and used for measurements of platelets, microparticles, thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT), fibrinogen binding to platelets, P-selectin expression by platelets, CD11b, Prothrombin Fragment F1+2, FXIa-AT, FXIIa-AT, C3a, sC5b-9 and stent score. In the first experiment there were four study groups with unmodified stents: 1a, no AR-C69931MX; 1b, 250 nmol/L; 1c, 750 nmol/L; 1d, 2250 nmol/L of AR-C69931MX. In the second experiment the concentration of AR-C69931MX was 500 nmol/L: 2a; tubings without stent; 2b; tubings with heparin-coated stent; 2c; tubings with unmodified stents. Heparin-coated stents were used in the third experiment: 3a; no AR-C69931MX; 3b; 500 nmol/L of AR-C69931MX. In the first experiment there were significant differences in all parameters analysed except for C3a, and stent score when the group with no AR-C69931MX was compared to all the groups with AR-C69931MX. In the second experiment there were significant differences in platelet count, TAT, FXIa-AT, FXIIa-AT and stent score when unmodified stents were compared to loops with no stents and partly to loops with heparin-coated stents. In the third experiment there was a significant reduction in generation of TAT, stent score and better preservation of platelet number by combining the platelet inhibitor and heparin-coated stents as compared to heparin-coated stents alone. The conclusion is that the direct P2Y12 receptor inhibitor AR-C69931MX reduced the different aspects of activation of blood induced by both unmodified and heparin-coated stents.