gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Altering the Receptor−Effector Ratio by Transgenic Overexpression of Type V Adenylyl Cyclase:  Enhanced Basal Catalytic Activity and Function without Increased Cardiomyocyte β-Adrenergic Signalling (1999)

The limiting element in beta-adrenergic receptor (betaAR)-G(s)-adenylyl cyclase (AC) signal transduction in the cardiomyocyte is not known, but it has been proposed that the level of adenylyl cyclase expression constrains betaAR signaling. To alter the above equilibrium, type V AC was overexpressed in a myocyte-specific manner in the hearts of transgenic mice using the alpha-myosin heavy chain promoter. Expression of type V AC was approximately 75% over endogenous levels as quantitated by [(3)H]forskolin binding. Functional activity of the transgene product was evident in cardiac membrane AC studies, where basal (45 +/- 11 vs 19 +/- 5 pmol min(-)(1) mg(-)(1)) and forskolin+Mn(2+) (695 +/- 104 vs 386 +/- 34 pmol min(-)(1) mg(-)(1)) stimulated activities were increased compared to activities in nontransgenic (NTG) littermates. However, while isoproterenol stimulated activities were higher (74 +/- 12 vs 46 +/- 9.8 pmol min(-)(1) mg(-)(1)), the fold stimulation over basal was not increased in ACV overexpressors compared to NTG (line 14.3 = 2.29 +/- 0.44-fold, line 15.1 = 1.70 +/- 0.1-fold, NTG = 2.62 +/- 0.18-fold). Similarly, in whole cell patch-clamp studies, betaAR-mediated opening of L-type Ca(2+) channels was not found to be enhanced in transgenic ACV myocytes (225 +/- 15 vs 216 +/- 10% of basal currents). Basal and isoproterenol stimulated PKA activities were elevated in the ACV mice compared to NTG, but again the extent of stimulation over basal was not enhanced. Phosphorylated phospholamban was approximately 2-fold greater in myocytes from ACV hearts compared to NTG, indicating that distal elements of the contractile cascade are activated by AC overexpression. ACV mice displayed increased heart rates and fractional shortening as assessed by echocardiography. However, in vivo hemodynamic studies revealed that heart rate and contractility responses to agonist infusion were not enhanced in ACV mice compared to NTG. We conclude that at native stoichiometries, the levels of adenylyl cyclase influence basal activities and cardiac function, but do not constrain betaAR signaling in the cardiomyocyte.
Nivolumab and Ipilimumab versus Ipilimumab in Untreated Melanoma (2015)

The objective-response rate and the progression-free survival among patients with advanced melanoma who had not previously received treatment were significantly greater with nivolumab combined with ipilimumab than with ipilimumab monotherapy. Combination therapy had an acceptable safety profile. (Funded by Bristol-Myers Squibb; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01927419.).
Coexpression and functional cooperation of CTLA-4 and CD28 on activated T lymphocytes. (1992)

T cell costimulation by molecules on the antigen presenting cell (APC) is required for optimal T cell proliferation. The B7 molecule on APC binds the T lymphocyte receptor CD28, triggering increased interleukin 2 (IL-2) production and subsequent T cell proliferation. CTLA-4 is a predicted T cell membrane receptor homologous to CD28, which also binds the B7 counter receptor, but whose distribution and function are unknown. Here we have developed monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) specific for CTLA-4 and have investigated these questions. mAbs were produced that bound CTLA-4 but not CD28, and that blocked binding of CTLA-4 to B7. CTLA-4 expression as measured by these mAbs was virtually undetectable on resting T cells, but was increased several hundred-fold during T cell activation. On activated lymphocytes, CTLA-4 was expressed equally on CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets and was coexpressed with CD25, CD28, and CD45RO. CTLA-4 expression was lower than that of CD28, reaching a maximum of approximately 1/30-50 the level of CD28. Despite its lower expression, CTLA-4 was responsible for much of the B7 binding by large activated T cells. Anti-CTLA-4 mAb 11D4 and anti-CD28 mAb 9.3 acted cooperatively to inhibit T cell adhesion to B7, and to block T cell proliferation in primary mixed lymphocyte culture. When coimmobilized with anti T cell receptor (TCR) mAb, anti-CTLA-4 mAbs were less effective than anti-CD28 mAb 9.3 at costimulating proliferation of resting or activated T cells. However, coimmobilized combinations of anti-CD28 and anti-CTLA-4 were synergistic in their ability to augment anti-TCR-induced proliferation of preactivated CD4+ T cells. These results indicate that CTLA-4 is coexpressed with CD28 on activated T lymphocytes and cooperatively regulates T cell adhesion and activation by B7.
Transcutaneous immunization with cholera toxin protects mice against lethal mucosal toxin challenge. (1998)

We recently reported that application of cholera toxin (CT) to the skin results in transcutaneous immunization and induces a systemic Ab response to both CT and coadministered Ags. In this paper, we demonstrate antitoxin IgG and IgA Abs in sera, lung washes, and stool samples from immunized mice as well as a broad spectrum of IgG subclasses (IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b, and IgG3) in the sera. Mice immunized with CT by the transcutaneous route exhibited significant protection from intranasal challenge with a lethal dose of CT. Thus, clinically relevant immunity against mucosal toxin challenge can be achieved via the transcutaneous route.
ChemInform Abstract: General Method for the Asymmetric Synthesis of anti‐Diastereoisomers of β‐Substituted L‐2‐Aminobutanoic Acids via Chiral Nickel(II) Schiff′s Base Complexes of Dehydroaminobutanoic Acid. X‐Ray Crystal and Molecular Structure of the Nickel(II) Complex of the Schiff′s Base from ((Benzylprolyl)amino)benzophenone and Dehydroaminobutanoic Acid. (1990)

Abstract The chiral Ni complex (I) allows the preparation of enantiomerically pure L‐allothreonine (III) and its β‐substitution products, e.g. (X) and (XII).
A General Reliability-Aware Fusion Concept Using DST and Supervised Learning with Its Applications in Multi-Source Road Estimation (2018)

Concerning the variety of challenging situations of automated driving, a simple average fusion of all available information sources is not appropriate to obtain satisfying results. Hence, this paper presents a novel framework for the road estimation task by incorporating reliability into the multi-source fusion. First, we specify the common JDL fusion model for this task and extend it at multiple levels. Secondly, we integrate an offline-trained knowledge base for the reliability assessment represented by Bayesian Network or Random Forests. Thirdly, we propose a reliability-aware fusion of various sources at the decision level by applying Dempster-Shafer theory. As a result, our system can solve conflict situations among the sources more satisfyingly. Compared to the average fusion, experiments on real world data verify that our concept can increase the overall performance of automated driving up to 8 percentage points.
Alterations of the SDHD gene locus in midgut carcinoids, Merkel cell carcinomas, pheochromocytomas, and abdominal paragangliomas (2002)

Several types of endocrine tumors show frequent somatic deletions of the distal part of chromosome arm 11q, where the tumor-suppressor gene SDHD (succinate-ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit D), constitutionally mutated in paragangliomas of the head and neck, is located. In this study, we screened 18 midgut carcinoids, 7 Merkel cell carcinomas, 46 adrenal pheochromocytomas (37 sporadic and 9 familial), and 7 abdominal paragangliomas for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and/or mutations at the SDHD gene locus. LOH was detected in 5 out of 8 (62%) informative midgut carcinoids, in 9 out of 30 (30%) sporadic pheochromocytomas, in none of the familial pheochromocytomas (0%), and in 1 out of 6 (17%) abdominal paragangliomas. No sequence variants were detected in the pheochromocytomas or paragangliomas. However, two constitutional putative missense mutations, H50R and G12S, were detected in two midgut carcinoids, which were both associated with LOH of the other allele. The same sequence variants were also detected in two Merkel cell carcinomas. In addition, the S68S polymorphism was found to coexist with the G12S sequence variant in both cases. In conclusion, we show that alterations of the SDHD gene seem to be involved in the tumorigenesis of both midgut carcinoids and Merkel cell carcinomas.
100-GHz-resolution dynamic holographic channel management for WDM (1999)

We present results that demonstrate the active management of eight /spl sim/100-GHz-spaced wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) channels using a polarization-insensitive spatial-light-modulator-based holographic filter. The filter has a fundamental stepping resolution close to 25 GHz and 3-dB width of each individual passband equal to 42 GHz. Arbitrary permutations of dropped and passed channels are possible. Additionally, passed channels can be transmitted according to an equal-amplitude comb filter function or be transmitted with weighted-amplitude passbands to effect power equalization where necessary. The holographic technique is further extendable to passband spectral engineering, yielding near-rectangular "top hat" passbands. Suppression of the dropped channels, which is consistently >15 dB in these experiments, can be straightforwardly improved by deploying a spatial light modulator of greater resolution and higher pixel number. The technology has potential application as the key element in both an optical add-drop multiplexer and a dynamic multichannel equalizer. The passband 3-dB width can be straightforwardly reduced to allow processing of multiple channels at the 50-GHz spacing of future WDM systems.
High levels of oestrogen receptor‐α in tumorigenesis: inhibition of cell growth and angiogenic factors (2001)

Abstract. We previously found that the stable overexpression of oestrogen receptor‐α in the human endothelial cell line ECV304 * inhibits its growth in vitro , and that this inhibition is possibly mediated through a down‐regulation of the vasoactive agents endothelin‐1 and vascular endothelial growth factor. Here we show an in vivo growth‐inhibitory effect of oestrogen receptor‐α overexpression in tumours initiated in nude mice from the same clone of ECV304. In addition, we show that this growth inhibition is accompanied by an α v β 3 ‐mediated inhibition of cell migration in vitro , and a down‐regulation of the integrin α v β 3 , vascular endothelial growth factor and vascularization in vivo . The levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and integrin α v β 3 , through their effect on cell growth and migration, contribute to the process of angiogenesis and to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and cancer. The results shown here demonstrate that a higher level of oestrogen receptor‐α in the cell, through its effect on certain angiogenic factors, may play a role in the control of angiogenesis.
Review of aldosterone- and angiotensin II-induced target organ damage and prevention (2004)

Aldosterone is well recognized as a cause of sodium reabsorption, water retention, and potassium and magnesium loss; however, it also produces a variety of other actions that lead to progressive target organ damage in the heart, vasculature, and kidneys. Aldosterone interacts with mineralocorticoid receptors to promote endothelial dysfunction, facilitate thrombosis, reduce vascular compliance, impair baroreceptor function, and cause myocardial and vascular fibrosis. Although angiotensin II has been considered the major mediator of cardiovascular damage, increasing evidence suggests that aldosterone may mediate and exacerbate the damaging effects of angiotensin II. While angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers reduce plasma aldosterone levels initially, aldosterone rebound, or 'escape' may occur during long-term therapy. Therefore, aldosterone blockade is required to reduce the risk of progressive target organ damage in patients with hypertension and heart failure. This may be achieved nonselectively with spironolactone or with use of the selective aldosterone blocker eplerenone. While both agents have been demonstrated to be effective antihypertensive agents, eplerenone may produce improved target organ protection as witnessed in a variety of clinical settings, without the antiandrogenic and progestational effects commonly observed with spironolactone.
Comments on “Complex-Bilinear Recurrent Neural Network for Equalization of a Digital Satellite Channel” (2006)

The learning algorithm for complex-bilinear recurrent neural network (C-BLRNN) derived in the paper referenced in the title is incorrect. The correct derivation, which follows the method in two other literatures, is presented.
Les avatars de l'aménagement du territoire aux Pays-Bas : André Fischer, L'Industrialisation contemporaine des Pays-Bas. Recherches sur l'évolution des régions périphériques (1983)

George Pierre. Les avatars de l'aménagement du territoire aux Pays-Bas : André Fischer, L'Industrialisation contemporaine des Pays-Bas. Recherches sur l'évolution des régions périphériques. In: Annales de Géographie, t. 92, n°510, 1983. pp. 229-231.
Cell Cycle Expression of RNA Duplex Unwindase Activity in Mammalian Cells (1988)

An RNA duplex unwindase activity has been found by using an in vitro assay with various types of mammalian, somatic cells, including HeLa, mouse plasmacytoma, and Burkitt lymphoma. The unwindase activity is very low in mouse fibroblast 3T3 cells arrested into quiescence, but increases when the cells are released into renewed growth by serum. In addition, a gel retardation assay proved to be specific and sensitive for detection of RNA duplex-unwindase complexes.
Volume Bragg grating devices (2003)

In this paper a spectrum of optical device at telecommunication wavelengths such as fixed or tunable filters, beam combiners and pump stabilizers have been demonstrated based on volume Bragg grating technology. The technology has been benefited from advancement in the materials and recording techniques developed for fibre Bragg grating and holography. The integration of many filtering functions on the same chip and the compatibility with MEMS switching mirrors make VBGs very attractive for a wide range of tunable components.
Aminopeptidases of Germinated and Non-Germinated Barley (2009)

In processes of barley plant development, various endo- and exopeptidases are involved. To determine the type and number of aminopeptidases that could participate in barley seed germination and tissue growth, their activities in extracts of non-germinated and germinated barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Angora) grains and young tissues have been examined, and some of their properties determined. Aminopeptidases (AP) hydrolysing 2-naphthylamides of various amino acids were present in dry and germinated grains, roots, seedlings and leaves, showing preferences for amino acids phenylalanine (Phe), arginine (Arg), leucine (Leu) and methionine (Met), and lower activity towards alanine (Ala), proline (Pro), glycine (Gly) and histidine (His). Levels and ratios of AP activities changed during germination and tissue development, indicating that APs of different specificities are required at different stages of germination and in young tissues. Thus, the increase of all aminopeptidase activities during the first 24 hours of germination and subsequent decrease show significant involvement in seed primary metabolism restoration. The activities of Arg- and HisAP are equally important in green malt. Seedlings and leaves have pronounced substrate specificity for Phe, Leu, Ala and Pro, while roots have the lowest AP specific activities. From the activities and determined properties, the presence of at least six aminopeptidases optimally active at pH=7.4–8.2 could be discerned in dry and germinated grains, and young tissues of Angora barley. Two aminopeptidases are most probably of broad substrate specificity, three show narrow preference with dominating Leu, Phe, or Pro/His, while one is specific for Arg.
Photovoltaic system reliability (2002)

This paper discusses the reliability of photovoltaic projects including SMUD's PV Pioneer project, various projects monitored by Ascension Technology, and the Colorado Parks project. System times-to-failure range from 1 to 16 years, and maintenance costs range from 1 to 16 cents per kilowatt-hour. Factors contributing to the reliability of these systems are discussed, and practices are recommended that can be applied to future projects. This paper also discusses the methodology used to collect and analyze PV system reliability data.
Chemokine Receptor 5 Is Dispensable for Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses toListeria monocytogenesInfection (2004)

Chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) binds macrophage inflammatory protein 1alpha (MIP-1alpha), MIP-1beta, RANTES, and members of the monocyte chemotactic protein family and is also a receptor for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). CCR5 ligands can suppress HIV-1 entry into cells. In humans, homozygous mutations of the ccr5 gene confer resistance to HIV-1 infection. The role of CCR5 in defense against microbial infection is unclear. In this study we examined the innate and adaptive immune responses of CCR5-deficient mice to the intracellular bacterial pathogen Listeria monocytogenes. We found that migration of monocytic cells, formation of L. monocytogenes-containing lesions, and bacterial clearance occurred normally in the spleens and livers of CCR5-deficient animals. Activation of macrophages and dendritic cells during the first 3 days postinfection was normal in the absence of CCR5, as demonstrated by intact expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and production of the cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha, gamma interferon, and interleukin-12. Priming of L. monocytogenes-specific CD8 T cells also occured independently of CCR5 expression. Previously immunized, CCR5-deficient animals mounted normal secondary CD8 T-cell responses and cleared bacteria from infected organs similarly to wild-type controls, suggesting that CCR5 is dispensable for migration and activation of memory CD8 T cells. Our data indicate that CCR5-mediated chemotaxis is not required for defense against infection with L. monocytogenes.
Content-based video indexing of TV broadcast news using hidden Markov models (1999)

This paper presents a new approach to content-based video indexing using hidden Markov models (HMMs). In this approach one feature vector is calculated for each image of the video sequence. These feature vectors are modeled and classified using HMMs. This approach has many advantages compared to other video indexing approaches. The system has automatic learning capabilities. It is trained by presenting manually indexed video sequences. To improve the system we use a video model, that allows the classification of complex video sequences. The presented approach works three times faster than real-time. We tested our system on TV broadcast news. The rate of 97.3% correctly classified frames shows the efficiency of our system.
Genotyping the Baboon ABO Histo-Blood Group Locus by Two-Color Fluorescence SSCP (1999)

The use of baboons in experimental medicine, especially as organ and tissue donors, would be facilitated by the availability of ABO histo-blood group O animals, which are currently rare. To meet our need in breeding and identifying such animals, we have developed a single-stranded conformational polymorphism (SSCP)-based genotyping assay using fluorescence detection. Various buffers and labeling schemes were evaluated to optimize allele discrimination. Through the use of a nested PCR protocol, single-cell sensitivity was achieved, making the assay applicable to preimplantation diagnosis following in vitro fertilization. We discuss the comparative advantages of SSCP vs. alternative methodologies for genotyping.
10.1016/j.ohc.2005.10.002 (2000)

This article reviews the advantages and disadvantages of various techniques used to achieve monovision, with an emphasis placed on monovision with laser vision correction.
Hydrolysis pathways for aminophosphazenes (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHydrolysis pathways for aminophosphazenesH. R. Allcock, T. J. Fuller, and K. MatsumuraCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1982, 21, 2, 515–521Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00132a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00132a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views681Altmetric-Citations134LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A role for autophagolysosomes in dengue virus 3 production in HepG2 cells (2009)

We have recently proposed that amphisomes act as a site for translation and replication of dengue virus (DENV)-2 and that DENV-2 entry and replication are linked through an ongoing association with membranes of an endosomal-autophagosomal lineage. In this report, we present the results of an investigation into the interaction between DENV-3 and the autophagy machinery. Critically, treatment with the lysosomal fusion inhibitor l-asparagine differentiated the interaction of DENV-3 from that of DENV-2. Inhibition of fusion of autophagosomes and amphisomes with lysosomes resulted in decreased DENV-3 production, implying a role for the autophagolysosome in the DENV-3 life cycle. Evidence based upon the co-localization of LC3 and cathepsin D with double stranded RNA and NS1 protein, as assessed by confocal microscopy, support a model in which DENV-3 interacts with both amphisomes and autophagolysosomes. These results demonstrate that the interactions between DENV and the host cell autophagy machinery are complex and may be determined in part by virus-encoded factors.
THE ISOPROSTANES: THEIR QUANTIFICATION AS AN INDEX OF OXIDANT STRESS STATUS IN VIVO† (2000)

The F2 isoprostanes are a unique series of prostaglandinlike compounds formed in vivo from the free-radical-catalyzed peroxidation of arachidonic acid independent of the cyclooxygenase enzyme. The purpose of this review is to briefly summarize the status of our current knowledge regarding the isoprostanes. Novel aspects related to the biochemistry of isoprostane formation and methods by which these compounds are analyzed are discussed. The utility of measuring F2 isoprostanes as markers of lipid peroxidation in animal models of oxidant stress are then outlined. Finally, examples are provided in which quantification of isoprostanes have illuminated the role of oxidative injury in several human diseases.