gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The CD4+ T-Cell Response of Melanoma Patients to a MAGE-A3 Peptide Vaccine Involves Potential Regulatory T Cells (2009)

Melanoma patients were injected with various vaccines containing a MAGE-A3 peptide presented by HLA-DP4. Anti-MAGE-A3.DP4 T cells were not detectable in the blood before vaccination, but their frequencies after vaccination ranged from 2 x 10(-6) to 2 x 10(-3) among the CD4(+) blood T lymphocytes of the patients. The CD4(+) blood T lymphocytes that stained ex vivo with HLA-DP4 tetramers folded with the MAGE-A3 peptide were selected by flow cytometry and amplified under clonal conditions. About 5% of the CD4(+) T-cell clones that recognized the MAGE-A3.DP4 antigen had a CD25(+) phenotype in the resting state. These CD25(+) clones had a high capacity to suppress the proliferation of another T-cell clone after peptide stimulation in vitro. Most of them had high FOXP3 expression in the resting state and an unmethylated FOXP3 intron 1. They produced active transforming growth factor-beta but none of cytokines IFN-gamma, interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10. About 20% of CD25(-) clones had a significant but lower suppressive activity. Most of the CD25(-) clonal populations contained cells that expressed FOXP3 in the resting state, but FOXP3 demethylation was not observed. We conclude that MAGE-A3.DP4 vaccination can produce CD4(+) T cells that may exert regulatory T-cell function in vivo.
Chemical modification of the glucosidase inhibitor 1-deoxynojirimycin. Structure-activity relationships (1991)

The ability of the glucosidase inhibitor 1-deoxynojirimycin (dNM) and a series of N-alkylated dNM derivatives to interfere with biosynthesis, transport, and maturation of the glycoprotein alpha 1-antitrypsin in HepG2 cells was investigated. Inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum glucosidase I and II by dNM and its derivatives resulted in an intracellular accumulation of alpha 1-antitrypsin with glucose-containing high mannose type oligosaccharides (precursor). N-alkylation of dNM increased its potency in inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum glucosidases, as determined from the concentration required for half maximal inhibition. N-Alkylated derivatives of dNM were better able to inhibit glucosidase I than glucosidase II (deduced from the number of glucose residues retained in Endo H-releasable oligosaccharides). The inhibition of glucosidase activity imposed by alkylated dNM derivatives was less easily reversed than that by dNM, an effect most pronounced for N-methyl-dNM. Branching of the alkyl group of dNM derivatives decreased the inhibitory potency. Although dNM and its derivatives interfered strongly with intracellular oligosaccharide processing, they did not completely block N-glycan maturation of alpha 1-antitrypsin even at the highest concentrations tested.
Active multimodal control of a floppy telescope structure (2002)

Telescope structures are typically required to attain a certain degree of mechanical rigidity in order to achieve the desired optical performance goals, yet there are many applications where weight is either at a premium or local conditions exist that pre-empt optimal mechanical stability requirements. What is needed is a system which can sense and compensate for the opto-mechanical instabilities and correct them in real-time, preferably without "stealing" light from the optical system. We propose using tiny MEMS-based inertial reference sensors to measure the structural dynamics, and, using an appropriate model and coordinate transformations, correct in real-time the tip/tilt, focus, and possibly higher order errors of the optical system aberrations using MEMS-based deformable mirrors and/or our own tip/tilt + piston mirrors.
Non‐A, non‐b hepatitis in chimpanzees: Interference with acute hepatitis A virus and chronic hepatitis B virus infections (1983)

Two chimpanzees with persistent non-A, non-B (NANB) hepatitis were superinfected with marmoset-passaged MS-1 HAV. Two control chimpanzees were also infected with marmoset-passaged HAV. Neither animal with persistent NANB hepatitis developed elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity, whereas both control chimpanzees exhibited ALT elevations within 3 weeks after inoculation. In addition, both NANB-infected chimpanzees demonstrated a delayed anti-HAV antibody response in which one animal failed to produce detectable IgM anti-HAV. With the exception of one stool, all serial liver biopsy specimens and daily stool suspensions from the superinfected chimpanzees were negative for HAV antigen. One chimpanzee with a chronic HBV infection was superinfected with non-A, non-B hepatitis and was shown to develop elevated ALT activity and hepatocyte ultrastructural alterations accompanied by a marked reduction in the titer of serum HBsAg. Our combined findings indicate that acute and persistent non-A, non-B hepatitis infections are capable of interferring with two distinctly different hepatotropic viruses. These results also suggest that in vitro detection of non-A, non-B hepatitis infection or virus(es) may be achieved by antibody-independent methodologies that employ the basic principle of viral interference.
Intelligent modification for the daltonization process of digitized paintings (2019)

Daltonization is a procedure for adapting colors in an image or a sequence of images for improving the color perception by a color-deficient viewer. In this paper an intelligent/enhanced daltonization method for individuals suffering from protanopia is proposed. The algorithm implements logical image masking in order to modify the colors that are confused and to preserve those colors that are perceived correctly. The proposed method modifies iteratively the parameters for image daltonization after the provision of the initial conditions. The distinctive characteristic of the proposed approach is that when it is combined with a color-checking module, optimum daltonization parameters are effectively identified. Examples are provided in details, as well as screenshots from the algorithm when it is applied in digitized paintings/artworks.
Chilling Units Used to Determine Rooting of Stem Cuttings of Junipers (1990)

Abstract Stem cuttings from 10 juniper cultivars, representing 5 taxa of juniper ( Juniperus chinensis L. ‘Pfitzer Aurea’; J. horizontalis Moench ‘Bar Harbor’, ‘Prince of Wales’, ‘Wiltoni’, ‘Youngstown’; J. procumbens Endl. ‘Green Mound’; J. sabina L. ‘Broadmoor’, ‘Buffalo’, ‘Tamariscifolia’ and; J. scopulorium Sarg. ‘Wichita Blue’) were inserted into rooting beds twice monthly from October 15, 1986 to February 28, 1987. During this time period, air temperature was monitored continuously 1 m (39 in) above the stock plants and seasonal chilling units (i.e., hours at ≤55°C (41°F)) were determined. Chilling units of the donor stock plants affected the percent rooting of most juniper cultivars. Data suggest that the optimum rooting period of most cultivars of juniper can be determined by their chilling units.
Electrochemical Characterization of Vanadium Oxide Nanostructured Electrode (2008)

Films consisting of a vanadium pentoxide (i.e., ) phase formed within a rubbery block copolymer were developed for their potential use as nanocomposite cathodes in lithium rechargeable batteries. Films were prepared by sol-gel synthesis from vanadyl triisopropoxide precursor in poly(oligooxyethylene methacrylate)-block-poly(butyl methacrylate), incorporating and carbon black as conductivity additives. The morphology of the films was examined using electron microscopy, and their electrochemical performance was assessed by galvanostatic cycling. An all-solid-state battery comprising a polymer-based cathode and a block copolymer electrolyte was cycled repeatedly. The capacity was measured to be and found to be limited by the conductivity of the polymer electrolyte. A comparison between a nanocomposite cathode and a control cathode with the same carbon:vanadium oxide ratio demonstrated higher rate capability for the nanocomposite sample when paired with a liquid electrolyte. This study demonstrates the potential utility of block copolymers in the fabrication of high-surface-area cathodes for lithium batteries.
Intranuclear delivery of an antiviral peptide mediated by the B subunit of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (1999)

We report an intracellular peptide delivery system capable of targeting specific cellular compartments. In the model system we constructed a chimeric protein consisting of the nontoxic B subunit of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (EtxB) fused to a 27-mer peptide derived from the DNA polymerase of herpes simplex virus 1. Viral DNA synthesis takes places in the nucleus and requires the interaction with an accessory factor, UL42, encoded by the virus. The peptide, designated Pol, is able to dissociate this interaction. The chimeric protein, EtxB-Pol, retained the functional properties of both EtxB and peptide components and was shown to inhibit viral DNA polymerase activity in vitro via disruption of the polymerase-UL42 complex. When added to virally infected cells, EtxB-Pol had no effect on adenovirus replication but specifically interfered with herpes simplex virus 1 replication. Further studies showed that the antiviral peptide localized in the nucleus, whereas the EtxB component remained associated with vesicular compartments. The results indicate that the chimeric protein entered through endosomal acidic compartments and that the Pol peptide was cleaved from the chimeric protein before being translocated into the nucleus. The system we describe is suitable for delivery of peptides that specifically disrupt protein-protein interactions and may be developed to target specific cellular compartments.
BAHAMA: a broadband ad-hoc wireless ATM local-area network (2002)

We describe the theory, design and ongoing prototyping of a wireless ATM LAN/PBX capable of supporting mobile users with multi-Mb/s access rates and multi-Gb/s aggregate capacities. Our proposed LAN consists of network nodes called portable base stations (PBS) providing microcell coverage. The PBSs are designed to be low-cost, compact and high-speed and can be relocated conveniently. We employ a concept of ad-hoc networking in the layout of the PBS-to-PBS interconnection. That is, the PBSs can be distributed in an arbitrary topology to form a backbone network and can be reconfigured with relative ease. The PBS-to-PBS backbone links are high-speed (Gb/s) for supporting high system capacity. Although they can either be wired or wireless, our emphasis is on wireless implementations. The user-to-PBS links, on the other hand, are primarily for mobile access (e.g., 2-20 Mb/s) and therefore are wireless. Wired connections from stationary users to PBSs are also possible. Typical mobile users are assumed to be laptops or notebook computers. Services supported include conventional data applications (e.g., over TCP/IP or SPX/IPX) as well as multimedia (video, voice and data) applications with QoS (quality-of-service) guarantees. A "aireless ATM" concept is proposed so as to provide seamless internetworking with other wired ATM local and wide-area networks. Algorithms and control in our network are highly distributed for simple implementations and ease of mobility management. A new wireless VP/VC concept and a homing algorithm are described to provide ATM cell routing and connections in the network. PBS hardware and software architectures are discussed. Call management, network management and signaling are designed for simplicity, high performance and modular implementations. A fast network restoration scheme is proposed to cope with the potential link or node failures in the ad-hoc network. Error control is addressed taking the unreliable wireless links into consideration. Finally, a prototyping project called BAHAMA (broadband ad hoc ATM anywhere) for demonstrating this network concept is briefly outlined.
Alternative Live-Attenuated Influenza Vaccines Based on Modifications in the Polymerase Genes Protect against Epidemic and Pandemic Flu (2010)

Human influenza is a seasonal disease associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Influenza vaccination is the most effective means for disease prevention. We have previously shown that mutations in the PB1 and PB2 genes of the live-attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) from the cold-adapted (ca) influenza virus A/Ann Arbor/6/60 (H2N2) could be transferred to avian influenza viruses and produce partially attenuated viruses. We also demonstrated that avian influenza viruses carrying the PB1 and PB2 mutations could be further attenuated by stably introducing a hemagglutinin (HA) epitope tag in the PB1 gene. In this work, we wanted to determine whether these modifications would also result in attenuation of a so-called triple reassortant (TR) swine influenza virus (SIV). Thus, the TR influenza A/swine/Wisconsin/14094/99 (H3N2) virus was generated by reverse genetics and subsequently mutated in the PB1 and PB2 genes. Here we show that a combination of mutations in this TR backbone results in an attenuated virus in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we show the potential of our TR backbone as a vaccine that provides protection against the 2009 swine-origin pandemic influenza H1N1 virus (S-OIV) when carrying the surface of a classical swine strain. We propose that the availability of alternative backbones to the conventional ca A/Ann Arbor/6/60 LAIV strain could also be useful in epidemic and pandemic influenza and should be considered for influenza vaccine development. In addition, our data provide evidence that the use of these alternative backbones could potentially circumvent the effects of original antigenic sin (OAS) in certain circumstances.
Wound assessment (2006)

Most wounds, of whatever aetiology, heal without difficulty. Some wounds, however, are subject to factors that impede healing, although these do not prevent healing if the wounds are managed appropriately. A minority of wounds will become chronic and non-healing. In these cases the ultimate goal is to control the symptoms and prevent complications, rather than healing the wound.
Phenotypically distinct B cell development pathways map to the three B cell lineages in the mouse (2006)

A recent article by Montecino-Rodriguez et al. [Montecino-Rodriguez, E., Leathers, H. &amp; Dorshkind, K. (2006) Nat. Immunol. 7, 293–301] has distinguished the early progenitors for B-1 cells, which principally develop in neonates, from early progenitors for B-2 cells, which principally develop in adult bone marrow. Here we introduce syndecan-1 (CD138) and MHC class II (I-A) as markers of early B cell development [Hardy, R. R., Carmack, C. E., Shinton, S. A., Kemp, J. D. &amp; Hayakawa, K. (1991) J. Exp. Med. 173, 1213–1225; Hardy fractions B – D ] and show that the expression of these markers distinguishes the predominant B cell development pathway in neonates from the corresponding predominant pathway in adults (both progenitors are present but differently represented in each case). We show that pre-B cells (Hardy fraction D ) in the predominant adult pathway express high levels of CD138 and intermediate levels of I-A, whereas the corresponding pre-B cells in the pathway that predominates in neonates do not express either of these markers. As expected, because most of the pre-B cells in adults express CD138, we find that sorted CD138 + adult pre-B cells differentiate to IgM + B cells in vitro . Sorted CD138 − pre-B cells from neonates, the majority subset at this age, also mature to IgM + cells (without passing through a CD138 + stage). Importantly, our studies here confirm the differential representation of adult and neonatal progenitor populations and further demonstrate that CD138 expression subdivides the adult CD19 + , B220–6B2 −/low population shown to contain B-1 progenitors in a way consistent with the predominance of B-1b progenitors in adults. Thus, CD138 expression provides a key route to distinguishing early B cell development pathway for what now are clearly three B cell lineages.
Sequential catalytic condensation-hydrogenation of ketones (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSequential catalytic condensation-hydrogenation of ketonesCharles U. Pittman Jr. and Yeon F. LiangCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1980, 45, 25, 5048–5052Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01313a007https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01313a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1094Altmetric-Citations40LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Isolation and characterization of human factor VII. Activation of factor VII by factor Xa. (1981)

A procedure has been developed for the isolation of human Factor VII to apparent homogeneity as judged by the analytical disc electrophoretic system of Davis (pH 8.9) and by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The isolated procedure involves adsorption of Factor VII onto barium citrate, ammonium sulfate fractionation, DEAE-Sephadex chromatography, and preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The overall yield of Factor VII is 15 to 20% of starting plasma and the purified protein has a specific activity of 1800 to 2200 units/mg in a clotting assay. Factor VII protein obtained by this method has only 1.3 to 1.5 times more activity in a one-stage clotting assay than in a coupled amidolytic assay (Seligsohn, U., Osterud, B., and Rapaport, S. I. (1978) Blood 52, 978-988), which is taken to mean than it contains less than 5% of activated Factor VII. Human Factor VII is a single chain glycoprotein with an apparent molecular weight of 50,000 +/- 2,000 as determined by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. It has alanine as an NH2-terminal amino acid residue and contains 8.8 gama-carboxyglutamic acid residues/mol of protein. Incubation of purified Factor VII with Factor Xa in the presence of Ca(II) and phospholipid results in a rapid up to 25-fold increase in its clotting activity. Factor VII activity in the coupled amidolytic assay remains unchanged throughout the incubation. Activation of Factor VII by Factor Xa is associated with cleavage of the Mr = 50,000 native protein to a protein consisting of two chains of Mr = about 26,000 and 22,000 as determined by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of 2-mercaptoethanol. Other properties of human Factor VII, including its amino acid composition and its reactions with an anti-Factor VII antibody, are described.
Alvimopan (entereg?), a novel opioid antagonist, achieves active systemic concentrations (2005)

Background Alvimopan is a potent (Ki 0.4 nM), selective, peripherally-acting mu-opioid antagonist under investigation for the management of opioid-induced side effects such as post-operative ileus and opioid-induced bowel dysfunction. It has a low bioavailability of 6%. The aim was to establish the plasma concentrations of alvimopan and their relation to potential active levels. Methods With IRB approval, subjects of both genders >18 yoa (8/group; double blind) were given placebo, 6, 12, 18, or 24 mg of alvimopan po on day 1 and then BID for 9 doses starting on Day 2. Plasma was analyzed (HPLC/MS/MS) after the first dose, at daily trough, and for 120 hrs after the last dose. Non-compartmental methods were used to calculate Cmax, Tmax, t1/2, AUC, at Single Dose (SD) and Steady State (SS), accumulation index (AI), Cavg, Cmin, and fluctuation (SS only) and urinary excretion (Ae, CLR, and % excreted) for alvimopan and its metabolite (SS only). Results 40 subjects completed the study. Mean PK for alvimopan were linear from 6–18 mg. SD Cmax was 5.07–15.88 ng/ml, AUC was 17.7–54.6 hr*ng/mL, and t1/2 was 2.4–5.5 hrs. Values were similar at SS. No accumulation was evident. Plasma concentrations of the metabolite were generally higher, more variable and had not achieved SS. Conclusions Single and multiple po doses of alvimopan up to 18 mg produce linear PK with Cmax values exceeding the Ki for opioid receptor binding. This supports a potential for systemically mediated activity of alvimopan on the side effects of opioids. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2005) 77, P74–P74; doi: 10.1016/j.clpt.2004.12.175
Menage á trois: Double strand break repair, V(D)J recombination and DNA‐PK (1995)

All organisms possess mechanisms to repair double strand breaks (dsbs) generated in their DNA by damaging agents. Site-specific dsbs are also introduced during V(D)J recombination. Four complementation groups of radiosensitive rodent mutants are defective in the repair of dsbs, and are unable to carry out V(D)J recombination effectively. The immune defect in Severe Combined Immunodeficient (scid) mice also results from an inability to undergo effective V(D)J recombination, and scid cell lines display a repair defect and belong to one of these complementation groups. These findings indicate a mechanistic overlap between the processes of DNA repair and V(D)J recombination. Recently, two of the genes defined by these complementation groups have been identified and shown to encode components of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK). We review here the three fields which have become linked by these findings, and discuss the involvement of DNA-PK in dsb rejoining and in V(D)J recombination.
Bcl11a is required for neuronal morphogenesis and sensory circuit formation in dorsal spinal cord development (2012)

Dorsal spinal cord neurons receive and integrate somatosensory information provided by neurons located in dorsal root ganglia. Here we demonstrate that dorsal spinal neurons require the Krüppel-C(2)H(2) zinc-finger transcription factor Bcl11a for terminal differentiation and morphogenesis. The disrupted differentiation of dorsal spinal neurons observed in Bcl11a mutant mice interferes with their correct innervation by cutaneous sensory neurons. To understand the mechanism underlying the innervation deficit, we characterized changes in gene expression in the dorsal horn of Bcl11a mutants and identified dysregulated expression of the gene encoding secreted frizzled-related protein 3 (sFRP3, or Frzb). Frzb mutant mice show a deficit in the innervation of the spinal cord, suggesting that the dysregulated expression of Frzb can account in part for the phenotype of Bcl11a mutants. Thus, our genetic analysis of Bcl11a reveals essential functions of this transcription factor in neuronal morphogenesis and sensory wiring of the dorsal spinal cord and identifies Frzb, a component of the Wnt pathway, as a downstream acting molecule involved in this process.
Tapered active layer laser device performance and its impact on low cost optoelectronics (2002)

75% coupling to cleaved single mode fibre has been obtained for a 1.55 /spl mu/m tapered active strained MQW layer device. A fully packaged component using precision laser die cleaving and a silicon micro machined substrate has produced a record 55% passive coupling.