gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development and Testing of the Cholesterol-Lowering Diet Self-Efficacy Scale (2003)

A cornerstone of treatment for hypercholesterolemia is dietary therapy. However, maintaining adherence to the therapeutic diet has been difficult for patients. There is evidence that self-efficacy is a predictor of positive behavior change like that involved in or necessary for initiating or maintaining recommended diet therapy for cholesterol reduction. This paper reports on two studies guided by Bandura's self-efficacy theory. The first study focuses on development and initial psychometric evaluation of an instrument measuring self-efficacy for adhering to a cholesterol-lowering diet in a sample of 44 cardiac rehabilitation patients; the second establishes psychometric properties of the instrument in a sample of 228 subjects treated for hypercholesterolemia. In both studies, subgroups completed the instrument a second time to provide data on the instrument's temporal stability. The Cholesterol-Lowering Diet Self-Efficacy Scale consists of 33 statements, some with branches for a total of 56 items. The scale measures several components of the eating habits domain related to adhering to a cholesterol-lowering eating plan, and shows good reliability and validity. Reported self-efficacy is related to prior persistence and past success in modifying and maintaining dietary changes, and also to concurrent measures of dietary adherence behaviors. The scale is psychometrically sound thus far and seems adequate in identifying success in achieving and maintaining a cholesterol-lowering eating plan.
Bone Morphogenetic Proteins in Vascular Calcification (2005)

Vascular calcification is a common problem among the elderly and those with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and diabetes. The process of tunica media vascular calcification in CKD appears to involve a phenotypic change in the vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) resulting in cell-mediated mineralization of the extracellular matrix. The bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are important regulators in orthotopic bone formation, and their localization at sites of vascular calcification raises the question of their role. In this review, we will discuss the actions of the BMPs in vascular calcification. Although the role of BMP-2 in vascular calcification is not proven, it has been the most studied member of the BMP family in this disease process. The role of BMP-2 may be through inducing osteoblastic differentiation of VSMCs through induction of MSX-2, or by inducing apoptosis of VSMCs, a process thought critical in the initiation of vascular calcification. Additionally, BMP-2 may be related to loss of regulation of the matrix Gla protein. A second BMP, BMP-7, less studied than BMP-2 may have opposing actions in vascular calcification. In postnatal life, BMP-7 is expressed primarily in the kidney, and expression is diminished by renal injury. BMP-7 is an important regulator of skeletal remodeling and the VSMC phenotype. BMP-7 restores skeletal anabolic balance in animal models of CKD with disordered skeletal modeling, also reducing serum phosphate in the process. BMP-7 also reverses vascular calcification in CKD, and reduction in vascular calcification is due, in part, to reduced serum phosphate, an important inducer of VSMC-mediated vascular mineralization and in part to direct actions on the VSMC.
Flip-N-Write (2009)

The phase-change random access memory (PRAM) technology is fast maturing to production levels. Main advantages of PRAM are non-volatility, byte addressability, in-place programmability, low-power operation, and higher write endurance than that of current flash memories. However, the relatively low write bandwidth and the less-than-desirable write endurance of PRAM remain room for improvement. This paper proposes and evaluates Flip-N-Write, a simple microarchitectural technique to replace a PRAM write operation with a more efficient read-modify-write operation. On a write, after quick bit-by-bit inspection of the original data word and the new data word, Flip-N-Write writes either the new data word or the "flipped" value of it. Flip-N-Write introduces a single bit associated with each PRAM word to indicate whether the PRAM word has been flipped or not. We analytically and experimentally show that the proposed technique reduces the PRAM write time by half, more than doubles the write endurance, and achieves commensurate savings in write energy under the same instantaneous write power constraint. Due to its simplicity, Flip-N-Write is straightforward to implement within a PRAM device.
Generation of HER-2/neu-specific cytotoxic neutrophils in vivo: efficient arming of neutrophils by combined administration of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and Fcgamma receptor I bispecific antibodies (1997)

Abs are able to induce inflammatory antitumor responses by recruiting IgG Fc receptor (FcgammaR)-bearing cytotoxic effector cells. We recently described the capacity of the high affinity FcgammaRI (CD64) to trigger cytotoxic activity of neutrophils (PMN) during granulocyte CSF (G-CSF) treatment. To take advantage of FcgammaRI as a cytotoxic trigger molecule on PMN, two Ab constructs were prepared. We show that a chimeric human IgG1 Ab (Ch520C9) and an anti-FcgammaRI bispecific Ab (BsAb; 22x520C9), both directed to the proto-oncogene product HER-2/neu, interact with FcgammaRI. In addition, both Ab constructs mediate enhanced lysis of HER-2/neu-expressing tumor cells by G-CSF-primed PMN. However, engagement of FcgammaRI by Ch520C9 was inhibited by human serum IgG, thereby abrogating the enhanced Ch520C9-mediated cytotoxicity. BsAb 22x520C9, which binds FcgammaRI outside the ligand binding domain, effectively recruits the cytotoxic potential of FcgammaRI on G-CSF-primed PMN regardless of the presence of human serum. These results indicate that under physiologic conditions, serum IgG impairs activation of FcgammaRI-mediated cytotoxicity by conventional antitumor Abs. The IgG blockade can be circumvented with anti-FcgammaRI BsAbs. Using human FcgammaRI transgenic mice we demonstrate that BsAb 22x520C9 is able to engage FcgammaRI in vivo. BsAb 22x520C9 injected i.v. was readily detected on circulating PMN of G-CSF-treated transgenic animals. In addition, we showed that PMN remain "armed" with BsAb 22x520C9 during migration to inflammatory sites, and that after isolation such PMN specifically lyse HER-2/neu-expressing tumor cells. These results point to the possibility of targeting anti-FcgammaRI BsAbs to G-CSF-primed PMN in vivo, endowing them with specific anti-tumor activity.
A patchless dissolving microneedle delivery system enabling rapid and efficient transdermal drug delivery (2015)

Dissolving microneedles (DMNs) are polymeric, microscopic needles that deliver encapsulated drugs in a minimally invasive manner. Currently, DMN arrays are superimposed onto patches that facilitate their insertion into skin. However, due to wide variations in skin elasticity and the amount of hair on the skin, the arrays fabricated on the patch are often not completely inserted and large amount of loaded materials are not delivered. Here, we report "Microlancer", a novel micropillar based system by which patients can self-administer DMNs and which would also be capable of achieving 97 ± 2% delivery efficiency of the loaded drugs regardless of skin type or the amount of hair on the skin in less than a second.
Attenuation of HLA-DR Expression by Mononuclear Phagocytes Infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis Is Related to Intracellular Sequestration of Immature Class II Heterodimers (1998)

MHC class II expression was examined in macrophages infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. IFN-gamma increased the surface expression of class II molecules in THP-1 cells and this was markedly reduced in cells infected with M. tuberculosis. Despite this effect, steady state levels of HLA-DRalpha, HLA-DRbeta, and invariant (Ii) chains were equivalent in control and infected cells. Metabolic labeling combined with pulse-chase experiments and biochemical analysis showed that the majority of class II molecules in infected cells became resistant to endoglycosidase H, consistent with normal Golgi processing. However, results of intracellular staining and dual color confocal microscopy revealed a significant defect in transport of newly synthesized class II molecules through the endocytic compartment. Thus, compared with findings in control cells, class II molecules in infected cells colocalized to a minimal extent with a lysosomal-associated membrane protein-1+ endosomal compartment. In addition, in contrast to control cells, class II molecules in infected cells failed to colocalize with endocytosed BSA under conditions where this marker is known to label late endosomes, lysosomes, and the MHC class II compartment. Consistent with defective transport along the endocytic pathway, the maturation of SDS-stable class II alphabeta dimers--dependent upon removal of Ii chain and peptide loading of class II dimers in the MHC class II compartment--was markedly impaired in M. tuberculosis-infected cells. These findings indicate that defective transport and processing of class II molecules through the endosomal/lysosomal system is responsible for diminished cell surface expression of MHC class II molecules in cells infected with M. tuberculosis.
Impurity enhancement of the 1.54-μm Er3+ luminescence in silicon (1991)

The effect of impurity coimplantation in MeV erbium-implanted silicon is studied. A significant increase in the intensity of the 1.54-μm Er3+ emission was observed for different coimplants. This study shows that the Er3+ emission is observed if erbium can form an impurity complex in silicon. The influence of these impurities on the Er3+ photoluminescence spectrum is demonstrated. Furthermore we show the first room-temperature photoluminescence spectrum of erbium in crystalline silicon.
Two Genetically Separable Steps in the Differentiation of Thymic Epithelium (1996)

The development of the thymus depends initially on epithelial-mesenchymal and subsequently on reciprocal lympho-stromal interactions. The genetic steps governing development and differentiation of the thymic microenvironment are unknown. With the use of a targeted disruption of the whn gene, which recapitulates the phenotype of the athymic nude mouse, the WHN transcription factor was shown to be the product of the nude locus. Formation of the thymic epithelial primordium before the entry of lymphocyte progenitors did not require the activity of WHN. However, subsequent differentiation of primitive precursor cells into subcapsular, cortical, and medullary epithelial cells of the postnatal thymus did depend on activity of the whn gene. These results define the first genetically separable steps during thymic epithelial differentiation.
AnEimeriavaccine candidate appears to be lactate dehydrogenase; characterization and comparative analysis (2004)

An Eimeria acervulina protein fraction was identified which conferred partial protection against an E. acervulina challenge infection. From this fraction a 37 kDa protein was purified and its corresponding cDNA was cloned and shown to encode a lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Full length cDNAs encoding LDH from two related species, E. tenella and E. maxima, were also cloned. The homology between the primary amino acid sequences of these three Eimeria LDH enzymes was rather low (66-80%), demonstrating an evolutionary divergence. The Plasmodium LDH crystal structure was used to generate a 3D-model structure of E. tenella LDH, which demonstrated that the many variations in the primary amino acid sequences (P. falciparum LDH and E. tenella LDH show only 47% identity) had not resulted in altered 3D-structures. Only a single LDH gene was identified in Eimeria, which was active as a homotetramer. The protein was present at similar levels throughout different parasitic stages (oocysts, sporozoites, schizonts and merozoites), but its corresponding RNA was only observed in the schizont stage, suggesting that its synthesis is restricted to the intracellular stage.
Disparate CD4+ lamina propria (LP) lymphokine secretion profiles in inflammatory bowel disease. Crohn’s disease LP cells manifest increased secretion of IFN-γ, whereas ulcerative colitis LP cells manifest increased secretion of IL-5 (1996)

In this study, we investigate whether human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) (ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease) is associated with altered lymphokine secretion profiles, as recently found in various animal models of chronic intestinal inflammation. In initial studies, we determined the proliferative responses of purified lamina propria (LP) CD4+ T cells from patients with IBD under defined conditions of T cell stimulation. We found that IBD LP CD4+ T cells in comparison with control LP CD4+ T cells have diminished TCR/CD3 pathway proliferative responses, whereas CD2/CD28 accessory pathway proliferative responses are relatively preserved. In further studies centering on lymphokine production, we showed that LP T cells from inflamed Crohn's disease mucosa manifest increased IFN-gamma secretion compared with control LP T cells, particularly when stimulated via the CD2/CD28 pathway. Subsequent ELISPOT analysis indicated that this was due to an increased number of IFN-gamma-secreting CD4+ T cells. In contrast, IL-4 and IL-5 production by Crohn's disease LP T cells was decreased compared with that of control LP T cells. Of interest, IL-2 production by Crohn's disease LP T cells was also reduced, as was IL-2 production by peripheral blood T cells. In parallel studies, LP T cells from inflamed ulcerative colitis mucosa stimulated via either the TCR/CD3/CD28 or CD2/CD28 produced increased amounts of IL-5, again when measured either as secreted IL-5 or by ELISPOT analysis. Such increased IL-5 production was not associated with increased IL-4 secretion and, in contrast to Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis LP T cell production of IL-2 and IFN-gamma was normal. Taken together, these studies provide strong evidence that the immunopathologic process characteristic of the two major forms of IBD is associated with very different cytokine secretion patterns. These different patterns may determine the type of inflammatory process present.
A model-based approach to the implementation of automotive embedded control systems (2005)

Absmcr- This paper will present the use of a model-based approach for the development of real time embedded software in the implementation of engine controls. The model-based approach Is applled to the implementation of a controller for both the position of an electronic throttle valve and the engine air-fuel ratio. The approad uffllzes the simulation model throughout the implementation process and emphasizes the use of analysis tools prior testing. The simulation model and experimental setup are discussed. lnda Terms-Automotive Software Development, Automotive Electronics, Air-Fuel Ratio, Eleclrooic Throttle, Real Time Embedded Software
T‐cell intrinsic effects of GITR and 4‐1BB during viral infection and cancer immunotherapy (2011)

GITR [glucocorticoid inducible tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)-related protein] and 4-1BB are costimulatory TNFR family members that are expressed on regulatory and effector T cells as well as on other cells of the immune system. Here we discuss the role of GITR and 4-1BB on T cells during viral infections and in cancer immunotherapy. Systemic treatment with agonistic anti-4-1BB antibody leads to a number of immune system abnormalities, and clinical trials of anti-4-1BB have been terminated. However, other modes of 4-1BB ligation may be less toxic. To date, similar toxicities have not been reported for anti-GITR treatment of mice, although anti-GITR antibodies can exacerbate mouse autoimmune models. Intrinsic effects of GITR and 4-1BB on effector T cells appear to predominate over their effects on other cell types in some models. Despite their similarities in enhancing T-cell survival, 4-1BB and GITR are clearly not redundant, and both pathways are required for maximal CD8(+) T-cell responses and mouse survival following severe respiratory influenza infection. GITR uses TNFR-associated factor (TRAF) 2 and TRAF5, whereas 4-1BB recruits TRAF1 and TRAF2 to mediate survival signaling in T cells. The differential use of signaling adapters combined with their differential expression may explain the non-redundant roles of GITR and 4-1BB in the immune system.
Localization of the mei-1 gene product of Caenorhaditis elegans, a meiotic-specific spindle component. (1994)

Genetic evidence suggests that the product of the mei-1 gene of Caenorhabditis elegans is specifically required for meiosis in the female germline. Loss-of-function mei-1 mutations block meiotic spindle formation while a gain-of-function allele instead results in spindle defects during the early mitotic cleavages. In this report, we use immunocytochemistry to examine the localization of the mei-1 product in wild-type and mutant embryos. During metaphase of meiosis I in wild-type embryos, mei-1 protein was found throughout the spindle but was more concentrated toward the poles. At telophase I, mei-1 product colocalized with the chromatin at the spindle poles. The pattern was repeated during meiosis II but no mei-1 product was visible during the subsequent mitotic cleavages. The mei-1 gain-of-function allele resulted in ectopic mei-1 staining in the centers of the microtubule-organizing centers during interphase and in the spindles during the early cleavages. This aberrant localization is probably responsible for the poorly formed and misoriented cleavage spindles characteristic of the mutation. We also examined the localization of mei-1(+) product in the presence of mutations of genes that genetically interact with mei-1 alleles. mei-2 is apparently required to localize mei-1 product to the spindle during meiosis while mel-26 acts as a postmeiotic inhibitor. We conclude that mei-1 encodes a novel spindle component, one that is specialized for the acentriolar meiotic spindles unique to female meiosis. The genes mei-2 and mel-26 are part of a regulatory network that confines mei-1 activity to meiosis.
Production of an anti-idiotypic antibody single chain variable fragment vaccine against &lt;italic&gt;Edwardsiella tarda&lt;/italic&gt; (2010)

Edwardsiella tarda is the pathogen responsible for edwardsiellosis, a serious infectious disease of freshwater and marine fish species, and currently recognized to be the species pathogenic for human. An anti-idiotypic monoclonal antibody (mAb), 1E11, has been developed. It mimics the protective epitope of E. tarda and can prevent fish from infection of E. tarda. In this study, the correct variable heavy (VH) and variable light (VL) genes were obtained from 1E11 by using bioinformatics methods, and a 15 amino acid (Gly4Ser)3 linker was used to hold the two V domains together for the construction of VL-linker-VH form of single chain variable fragment (scFv) gene. Then, the scFv was subcloned into the vector pET-28a, expressed in the Escherichia coli BL21 cells, and identified by SDS-PAGE and western blotting. Red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus L.) weighing about 50 g was subjected to challenge with different E. tarda strains after 4 weeks followed by vaccination, the mortality rates and relative percentage survival were recorded and calculated, and the survival rate of fish in the scFv subgroups was obviously higher than that of control subgroups (P<0.01). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results show that after 4 weeks of post-vaccination, the level of specific antibody in fish sera of scFv groups was significantly higher than control groups. This study indicates that the recombinant antibody scFv was successfully developed, and it may serve as an effective vaccine candidate against E. tarda.
The Discovery of New 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 Inhibitors by Common Feature Pharmacophore Modeling and Virtual Screening (2006)

11beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11beta-HSD) enzymes catalyze the conversion of biologically inactive 11-ketosteroids into their active 11beta-hydroxy derivatives and vice versa. Inhibition of 11beta-HSD1 has considerable therapeutic potential for glucocorticoid-associated diseases including obesity, diabetes, wound healing, and muscle atrophy. Because inhibition of related enzymes such as 11beta-HSD2 and 17beta-HSDs causes sodium retention and hypertension or interferes with sex steroid hormone metabolism, respectively, highly selective 11beta-HSD1 inhibitors are required for successful therapy. Here, we employed the software package Catalyst to develop ligand-based multifeature pharmacophore models for 11beta-HSD1 inhibitors. Virtual screening experiments and subsequent in vitro evaluation of promising hits revealed several selective inhibitors. Efficient inhibition of recombinant human 11beta-HSD1 in intact transfected cells as well as endogenous enzyme in mouse 3T3-L1 adipocytes and C2C12 myotubes was demonstrated for compound 27, which was able to block subsequent cortisol-dependent activation of glucocorticoid receptors with only minor direct effects on the receptor itself. Our results suggest that inhibitor-based pharmacophore models for 11beta-HSD1 in combination with suitable cell-based activity assays, including such for related enzymes, can be used for the identification of selective and potent inhibitors.
Fiber resonator gyroscope: sensitivity and thermal nonreciprocity (1981)

The rotational sensitivity of the fiber resonator gyro is derived and shown to be approximately equal to that of the fiber interferometer gyro for typical fiber and source parameters. The fiber resonator, like the fiber interferometer, is susceptible to errors due to thermally induced nonreciprocity; however, by reducing splice and coupler losses, it should be possible to reduce these errors well below those in the fiber interferometer.
Fuzzy inclusion in database and information retrieval query interpretation (1996)

Article Fuzzy inclusion in database and information retrieval query interpretation Share on Authors: G. Bordogna CNR/ITIM (Italy) and IRISA/ENSSAT (France) CNR/ITIM (Italy) and IRISA/ENSSAT (France)View Profile , P. Bosc CNR/ITIM (Italy) and IRISA/ENSSAT (France) CNR/ITIM (Italy) and IRISA/ENSSAT (France)View Profile , G. Pasi CNR/ITIM (Italy) and IRISA/ENSSAT (France) CNR/ITIM (Italy) and IRISA/ENSSAT (France)View Profile Authors Info & Claims SAC '96: Proceedings of the 1996 ACM symposium on Applied ComputingFebruary 1996 Pages 547–551https://doi.org/10.1145/331119.331451Online:18 February 1996Publication History 9citation506DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations9Total Downloads506Last 12 Months1Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access