gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[High-resolution analysis of chromosome 5 and identification of candidate genes in gastric cancer]. (2006)

The molecular events in 5p 15.33 may be related with the morphological differentiation and development of gastric cancer. Gastric cancer with LOH of 5p15.33 locus tends to develop in to intestinal type. The cluster of candidate genes in 5p15.33 may be closely implicated in carcinogenesis of intestinal type gastric carcinoma.
Autonomous robot navigation for precision horticulture (2002)

Certain experimental horticultural operations require an autonomous vehicle capable of navigating through a field of crop plants. Since the vehicle must be able to operate in many fields to be economic, artificial navigation beacons and detailed prior maps are disadvantageous. A novel navigation scheme has been devised, which allows the crop rows themselves to be used as a navigation aid. The commanded path of the vehicle through the field is expressed by path curvature as a function of forward distance; parts of the path are marked as being aligned with crop rows. Data from image analysis is combined with that from a solid state compass and dead reckoning using an extended Kalman filter (EKF). Rather than position in an arbitrary Cartesian coordinate frame, the EKF estimates position and orientation error from the commanded path, which may be used directly for feedback control of vehicle motion. The method has been implemented on a small horticultural vehicle, allowing it to follow crop rows and turn at the end of the rows fully autonomously. The system has been tested in the field, and results showing the accuracy of guidance along crop rows are presented.
Immunobead filtration: a novel approach for the isolation and propagation of tumor cells. (1997)

We have developed a method to facilitate the isolation and expansion of tumor cells from body fluids and tissue biopsies. Antibody-conjugated magnetic beads (immunobeads) were used to isolate tumor cells from blood, bone marrow, ascitic/pleural fluids, and enzyme-digested tissue biopsies. Filtration of the resulting cell suspension through a 20-micron nylon monofilament filter secured to the base of polystyrene 96-well strips purged the bead-rosetting cell fraction of contaminating normal cells and unbound beads. Tumor cells that bound the magnetic beads were retained on the membrane due to their increased size and concentrated into a small area (0.332 cm2), thus maintaining a high cell density. The filters provided a stable and uniform three-dimensional matrix for cell growth, with a total surface area of 1.42 cm2 available for cell attachment. The filters could be easily removed from the base of the 96-well strips to facilitate handling and transfer between culture vessels. Tumor cells grown on the filters could subsequently be harvested using trypsin/EDTA or left in situ for immunostaining with conventional immunohistochemical procedures. Filter-grown cells have shown extended passage in conventional cell culture in six cases. In two of five cases, the orthotopic implantation of confluent filters that contained approximately 10(4) cells/8 x 8 mm filter successfully produced tumors in nude mice after only 4 weeks. Our new approach may be of value in improving the success rate of generating long-term cultures from previously unproductive sources of tumor cells and thus may yield a greater variety of cell lines/strains for the study of malignant disease.
Human Herpesvirus 8 K14 Protein Mimics CD200 in Down-Regulating Macrophage Activation through CD200 Receptor (2004)

Many viral proteins limit host immune defenses, and their genes often originate from their hosts. CD200 (OX2) is a broadly distributed cell surface glycoprotein that interacts with a receptor on myeloid cells (CD200R) that is implicated in locally preventing macrophage activation. Distant, but recognizable, homologues of CD200 have been identified in many herpesviruses and poxviruses. Here, we show that the product of the K14 open reading frame from human herpesvirus 8 (Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus) interacts with human CD200R and is expressed at the surfaces of infected cells solely during the lytic cycle. Despite sharing only 40% primary sequence identity, K14 and CD200 interacted with CD200R with an almost identical and low affinity (K(D) = 0.5 microM), in contrast to other characterized viral homologue interactions. Cells expressing CD200 or K14 on the cell surface were able to inhibit secretion by activated macrophages of proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha, an effect that could be specifically relieved by addition of monoclonal antibodies and soluble monomeric CD200 protein. We conclude that CD200 delivers local down-modulatory signals to myeloid cells through direct cell-cell contact and that the K14 viral homologue closely mimics this.
The data model of the configuration management assistant (CMA) (1989)

In an environment in which systems are configured by reusing existing subsystems, the determination of complete and consistent configurations is a non-trivial and error-prone task, although considerable information about the subsystems may already be available from previous configurations. The Configuration Management Assistant is a tool that supports tracking and exploiting such information in the difficult process of re-configuration on a large scale. Its data model was designed to be as independent as possible of configuration management policies and procedures and yet provide substantive assistance in this process. The most important elements of this data model are described in this paper.1
Effect of Carrier Preimmunization on the Anti‐Hapten Response in the Chicken (1974)

We found that chickens responded to an injection of 1 mg of alum‐precipitated conjugates of (4‐hydroxy‐3‐iodo‐5‐nitrophenyl)acetyl and bovine serum albumin (NIP‐BSA) or human gammaglobulin (NIP‐HGG) with an anti‐NIP response. This response was enhanced to fivefold titers if the birds were given a small dose (2 or 0.2 μg) of the carrier protein in complete Freund's adjuvant a week before injection. If the dose of the carrier was large (200–2,000 μg), it decreased the subsequent anti‐NIP response to the conjugate. The effect of the preimmunization correlated with the formation of anti‐carrier antibodies: a good anti‐carrier response was connected with inhibition and a poor anti‐carrier response with enhancement of the anti‐NIP response. Large preimmunization doses of the carrier caused enhanced anti‐hapten responses if the carrier was methylated or dodecanoylated; in this case the anti‐carrier humoral responses were weak. Large doses of the native carrier increased the subsequent anti‐hapten response if spleen cells of the preimmunized donors were injected into cyclophosphamide‐treated donors, who were then immunized with the hapten conjugate. The results confirm earlier studies indicating that collaboration of carrier‐specific cells and hapten‐specific cells is required in the chicken for an optimal anti‐hapten response. They further indicate that carrier‐primed cells do not reside in the thymus and that, also in birds, immunization by methylated or dodecanoylated protein causes good priming for helper function but bad priming for the antibody formation against the protein.
Fluorescence Techniques in the Microdetermination of Metals in Biological Materials. Utility of 2, 4-Bis-[N,N´-di-(carboxymethyl)aminomethyl] Fluorescein in the Fluorometric Estimation of Al+3, Alkaline Earths, Co+2, Cu+2, Ni+2, and Zn+2 in Micromolar Concentrations. (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFluorescence Techniques in the Microdetermination of Metals in Biological Materials. Utility of 2, 4-Bis-[N,N´-di-(carboxymethyl)aminomethyl] Fluorescein in the Fluorometric Estimation of Al+3, Alkaline Earths, Co+2, Cu+2, Ni+2, and Zn+2 in Micromolar Concentrations.D. F. Hoelzl. Wallach and T. L. SteckCite this: Anal. Chem. 1963, 35, 8, 1035–1044Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60201a035https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60201a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views382Altmetric-Citations99LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Ethanol assisted synthesis of pure and stable amorphous calcium carbonate nanoparticles (2013)

Stable monodispersed amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) nanoparticles can be synthesized in ethanol media by a facile method, and crystallization of ACC is kinetically controlled, resulting in the formation of three polymorphs in a mixed solvent of ethanol-water at different pH values.
Adjuvant Treatment With a Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Inhibitor, Sirolimus, and Steroids Improves Outcomes in Patients With Severe H1N1 Pneumonia and Acute Respiratory Failure* (2013)

In patients with severe H1N1 pneumonia, early adjuvant treatment with corticosteroids and an mTOR inhibitor was associated with improvement in outcomes, such as hypoxia, multiple organ dysfunction, virus clearance, and shortened liberation of ventilator and ventilator days.
GENERATION, AMPLIFICATION, AND DETECTION OF INFRARED AND OPTICAL RADIATION BY QUANTUM-MECHANICAL SYSTEMS (1961)

CONTENTS Introduction 702 I. Methods of Obtaining Negative Temperature States 703 1. Negative Temperature 703 2. Selection of Molecules in Molecular Beams by Means of Inhomogeneous Electric or Magnetic Fields 705 3. Excitation of Gas Molecules by Means of a Gas Discharge 705 4. Pulse Method of Obtaining Negative Temperatures in Semiconductors 708 5. Obtaining Negative Temperatures in Semiconductors between Levels in a Single Band (Negative Mass Amplifiers) 713 6. Obtaining Negative Temperatures by Double-Resonance Techniques 715 II. Generation and Amplification of Electromagnetic Waves by Negative Temperature Systems 718 7. Interaction of Radiation with Negative Temperature Systems 718 8. Oscillation Conditions 719 9. Resonators 721 10. Amplifiers 723 11. Quantum-Mechanical Radiation Detectors 725 Conclusion 726 Cited Literature 726
Development and Analysis of Recombinant Adenoviruses for Gene Therapy of Cystic Fibrosis (1993)

A new adenovirus-based vector (Ad2/CFTR-1) has been constructed in which the cDNA encoding the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), the cystic fibrosis (CF) gene product, replaces the early region 1 coding sequences, E1a and E1b. The virus retains the E3 region. Ad2/CFTR-1 and a related construct encoding beta-galactosidase replicate in human 293 cells which provide E1 gene functions in trans. Replication of these recombinant viruses was not detected in a variety of other cells, although very limited viral DNA synthesis and transcription from the E4 and L5 regions could be measured. These E1-deletion vectors were also deficient in cellular transformation, shut-off of host cell protein synthesis, and production of cytopathic effects, even at high multiplicities of infection. Ad2/CFTR-1 produced CFTR protein in a variety of cells including airway epithelia from CF patients. Expression of functional CFTR protein in a CF airway epithelial monolayer was detected by correction of the Cl- transport defect characteristic of CF. Surprisingly low multiplicities of infection (0.1 moi) were sufficient to generate CFTR Cl- current across a CF epithelial monolayer in vitro. These data, together with the lack of obvious toxicity, suggest that Ad2/CFTR-1 should be suitable for CF gene therapy.
NADPH Oxidase-Derived Reactive Oxygen Species Mediate the Cerebrovascular Dysfunction Induced by the Amyloid β Peptide (2005)

Overproduction of the amyloid beta (Abeta) peptide is a key factor in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the mechanisms of its pathogenic effects have not been defined. Patients with AD have cerebrovascular alterations attributable to the deleterious effects of Abeta on cerebral blood vessels. We report here that NADPH oxidase, the major source of free radicals in blood vessels, is responsible for the cerebrovascular dysregulation induced by Abeta. Thus, the free-radical production and the associated alterations in vasoregulation induced by Abeta are abrogated by the NADPH oxidase peptide inhibitor gp91ds-tat and are not observed in mice lacking the catalytic subunit of NADPH oxidase (gp91phox). Furthermore, oxidative stress and cerebrovascular dysfunction do not occur in transgenic mice overexpressing the amyloid precursor protein but lacking gp91phox. The mechanisms by which NADPH oxidase-derived radicals mediate the cerebrovascular dysfunction involve reduced bioavailability of nitric oxide. Thus, a gp91phox-containing NADPH oxidase is the critical link between Abeta and cerebrovascular dysfunction, which may underlie the alteration in cerebral blood flow regulation observed in AD patients.
Classification of Spectra of Cata-Condensed Hydrocarbons (1949)

The classification of π-orbitals in a cata-condensed aromatic system is like that of the orbitals of a free electron traveling in a one-dimensional loop of constant potential around the perimeter. To take into account electron interaction, certain quantities corresponding to angular momenta may be added or subtracted. Introduction of the cross-links in the molecule removes the degeneracy. The first excited configuration in such systems gives two low frequency singlet weak absorption bands and two higher singlet strong dipole absorption bands. Selection and polarization rules are given. The levels are identified from the spectra and some of their properties are determined. An explanation is given of the regularities found by Klevens and Platt. A systematic nomenclature is given. The results agree qualitatively with LCAO theory, can be applied easily to unsymmetrical molecules, and can possibly be extended to other types of ring systems.
Fast Wavelet Based Volume Rendering by Accumulation of Transparent Texture Maps (1995)

Abstract In the following paper, a new method for fast and accurate volume intensity and color integration is elaborated, which employs wavelet decompositions and texture mapping. At this point, it comprises and unifies the advantages of recently introduced Fourier domain volume rendering techniques and wavelet based volume rendering. Specifically, the method computes analytic solutions of the ray intensity integral through a single wavelet by slicing its Fourier transform and by backprojecting it into the spatial domain. The resulting slices can be considered as RGB textures where R, G and B account for the decomposed volume color function. Due to the similarity of the basis functions, the computation of the texture map has to be figured out only once for each 3D mother wavelet. Hence, the final volume rendering procedure turns out to be a superposition of self–similar, transparent and colored textures, which is supported by modern hardware accumulation buffers. Linear shading and attenuation can be introduced by modifications of the wavelet's Fourier transform. The main advantages of this method are the provision of accurate solutions and quantification of error bounds, the absence of any expensive prefiltering and the independence of the computational costs from the image resolution. Furthermore, any required discretization, such as the resolution of the basis textures is defined within the computational framework of the wavelet transform. The method is not restricted to a specific type of wavelet unless is provides an analytic Fourier description, such as any B–spline wavelets do.
Extending Half Life of H-Ferritin Nanoparticle by Fusing Albumin Binding Domain for Doxorubicin Encapsulation (2018)

Nanoparticles based on the heavy chain of the human ferritin (HFn) are arousing growing interest in the field of drug delivery due to their exceptional characteristics. However, the unsatisfied plasma half life of HFn substantially limits its application as a delivery platform for antitumor agents. Herein we fused an albumin binding domain (ABD) variant that basically derives from the streptococcal protein G and possesses a long-acting characteristic in serum albumin to the N-terminus of the HFn for the aim of half-life extension. This ABD-HFn construct was highly expressed and fully self-assembled into symmetrical and spherical structure in E. coli bacteria. The purified ABD-HFn showed a similar particle size with wild-type HFn and also exhibited an extremely high binding affinity with human serum albumin. To evaluate the therapeutic potential of this ABD-HFn construct in terms of half-life extension, we encapsulated a model antitumor agent doxorubicin (DOX) into the ABD-HFn. Significantly outstanding loading efficacy of above 60 molecules doxorubicin for each ABD-HFn cage was achieved. The doxorubicin-loaded ABD-HFn nanoparticle was characterized and further compared with the recombinant HFn counterpart. The ABD-HFn/DOX nanoparticle showed dramatically improved stability and comparable cell uptake rate when compared with HFn/DOX counterpart. Pharmacokinetics study in Sprague-Dawley rats showed that ABD-HFn/DOX nanoparticle possessed significantly prolonged plasma half life of ∼17.2 h, exhibiting nearly 19 times longer than that of free doxorubicin and 12 times for HFn/DOX. These optimal results indicated that fusion with ABD will be a promising strategy to extend the half life for protein-based nanoparticles.
Melatonin stimulates proliferation and type I collagen synthesis in human bone cells in vitro (1999)

The pineal secretory product melatonin reportedly regulates release of growth hormone in humans and prevents phototherapy-induced hypocalcemia in newborn rats, suggesting that melatonin affects bone metabolism. Little is known about the effects of melatonin on bone in vitro or in vivo. The present study was undertaken to examine whether melatonin acts directly on normal human bone cells (HOB-M cells) and human osteoblastic cell line (SV-HFO cells) to affect osteogenic action in vitro. The effect of melatonin on bone cell proliferation was determined using the 2,3-bis[2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl]-2H-tetrazolium-5-carbo xanilide (XTT) assay after a 24 hr incubation with melatonin. Melatonin significantly and dose-dependently increased the proliferation in HOB-M cells and SV-HFO cells by 215 +/- 22.1%, and 193 +/- 6.4%), respectively, with a maximal effect at a concentration of 50 microM. To evaluate the effect of melatonin on bone cell differentiation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, osteocalcin secretion and procollagen type I c-peptide (PICP) production (a measure of type I collagen synthesis) were measured after a 48 hr treatment. While melatonin at micromolar concentrations did not significantly affect either the ALP activity or the osteocalcin secretion, it significantly and dose-dependently increased the PICP production in HOB-M cells and SV-HFO cells by 983 +/- 42.2%, and 139 +/- 4.2%, respectively, with the maximal stimulatory doses between 50 and 100 microM. These results provide new evidence that melatonin stimulates the proliferation and type I collagen synthesis in human bone cells in vitro, suggesting that melatonin may act to stimulate bone formation.
Early Endoscopy of Oesophagus, Stomach, and Duodenal Bulb in Patients with Haematemesis and Melaena (1973)

Oesophago-gastro-duodenoscopy was successfully performed in 196 of 208 patients admitted with haematemesis or melaena, or both. A precise visual diagnosis was made in 80% of all patients and in 96% of those where the final diagnosis lay within the oesophagus, stomach, and first two parts of the duodenum. Bleeding oesophagitis was more common and bleeding duodenal ulcer less common than in other series using mainly radiology. Altogether, 26% of all patients with endoscopically-proved duodenal ulcers were bleeding from another site, and 15.4% of all patients had more than one lesion. This fact, and inability to detect surface lesions limits the value of acute barium radiology, which was performed in only 81 patients. Accurate diagnosis should lead to better understanding of individual lesions and more rational management of individual patients. Where a good service is available oesophago-gastro-duodenoscopy should be performed on all bleeding patients within 24 hours of admission.
The transmission/disequilibrium test: history, subdivision, and admixture. (1995)

Disease association with a genetic marker is often taken as a preliminary indication of linkage with disease susceptibility. However, population subdivision and admixture may lead to disease association even in the absence of linkage. In a previous paper, we described a test for linkage (and linkage disequilibrium) between a genetic marker and disease susceptibility; linkage is detected by this test only if association is also present. This transmission/disequilibrium test (TDT) is carried out with data on transmission of marker alleles from parents heterozygous for the marker to affected offspring. The TDT is a valid test for linkage and association, even when the association is caused by population subdivision and admixture. In the previous paper, we did not explicitly consider the effect of recent history on population structure. Here we extend the previous results by examining in detail the effects of subdivision and admixture, viewed as processes in population history. We describe two models for these processes. For both models, we analyze the properties of (a) the TDT as a test for linkage (and association) between marker and disease and (b) the conventional contingency statistic used with family data to test for population association. We show that the contingency test statistic does not have a chi 2 distribution if subdivision or admixture is present. In contrast, the TDT remains a valid chi 2 statistic for the linkage hypothesis, regardless of population history.
Hydration equilibria of some aldehydes and ketones (1960)

R. P. Bell and A. O. McDougall, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1960, 56, 1281 DOI: 10.1039/TF9605601281