gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Theoretical analysis of excipient concentrations during the final ultrafiltration/diafiltration step of therapeutic antibody (2009)

Diafiltration of a protein solution into a new buffer is a common final step in biopharmaceutical manufacturing. However, the excipient concentrations in the retentate are not always equal to their corresponding concentrations in the new buffer (diafiltration buffer). This phenomenon was observed repeatedly during diafiltration of different therapeutic monoclonal antibodies in which the concentrations of histidine and either sorbitol or sucrose (depending on which was chosen for the diafiltration buffer) in the retentate were lower than in the diafiltration buffer. Experimental studies and theoretical analyses of the ultrafiltration/diafiltration (UF/DF) step were carried out to determine the primary causes of the phenomenon and to develop a mathematical model capable of predicting retentate excipient concentrations. The analyses showed that retentate histidine concentration was low primarily because of repulsive charge interactions between positively-charged histidine molecules and positively-charged protein molecules, and that volume exclusion effects were secondary for like-charged molecules. The positively-charged protein molecules generate an electrical potential that cause an uneven distribution of charged histidine molecules. This interaction was used to construct a mathematical model based on the Poisson-Boltzmann equation. The model successfully predicted the final histidine concentration in the diafiltered product (retentate) from the UF/DF development and production runs, with good agreement across a wide range of protein and histidine concentrations for four therapeutic monoclonal antibodies. The concentrations of uncharged excipients (sorbitol or sucrose) were also successfully predicted using previously established models, with volume exclusion identified as the primary cause of differences in uncharged excipient concentrations in the retentate and diafiltration buffer.
Combined Heart -Liver Transplantation: Standard of Care. (1999)

391 Survival rates for single-organ heart and liver transplants have improved dramatically. Expected one-year graft and patient survival exceed 80% in most centers. A significant contraindication to heart transplant is end-stage liver disease and similarly a contraindication to liver transplant is end-stage heart disease. Frequently, the end-stage diseases in the heart and the liver have a shared etiology. Furthermore, a cohort of end-stage liver failure patients suffers from severe, non-correctable, occlusive, cardiovascular disease. In these clinical situations, combined organ transplant will treat both pathologies and provide a good quality of life for the patient. Methods: Three patients were selected to undergo combined heart-liver transplant. Each patient fulfilled criteria for indications for transplantation in each organ separately. Patients were listed with UNOS for liver transplantation. When an acceptable donor became available for liver transplantation, the heart was evaluated for transplant quality. Donors who met acceptable criteria for cardiac (VO2 < 12ml/kg/min) and hepatic transplantation were used. Transplantation occurred in a sequential fashion under the same anesthetic period. Cardio-pulmonary and veno-venous bypass was used in all cases. Standard transplant surgical techniques were used for implantation. Tricuspid valvuloplasty was performed in the second and third cases. Cardiac rejection was monitored by clinical performance and protocol biopsy. All patients received standard tacrolimus based immunosuppression used for liver-only transplants. Results: Three patients fulfilled selection criteria for combined heart-liver transplant. All patients experience a reversible component of renal dysfunction during the post-operative period. In a total of nine patient-years there has been one episodes of early acute cellular rejection in the hepatic allograft and no episodes of acute cellular rejection in the cardiac allografts. One-year patient and graft survival was 100%. Conclusions: Combined heart-liver transplant is an acceptable option in properly selected patients with end-stage disease affecting both organs. Careful inclusion criteria and a well-organized intra-operative and post-operative team approach results in excellent patient and graft survival. Our data support an immuno-protective effect imparted by the liver graft. Addition of anti-IL-2 receptor antibody therapy might permit lower tacrolimus levels and a lower incidence of renal dysfunction.
The Mechanism of Release of P-TEFb and HEXIM1 from the 7SK snRNP by Viral and Cellular Activators Includes a Conformational Change in 7SK (2010)

Given that promoter proximally paused polymerases are present on most human genes, understanding how activators recruit P-TEFb to those genes is critical. Our findings reveal that the two tested activators can extract P-TEFb from the 7SK snRNP. Importantly, we found that after P-TEFb is extracted a dramatic conformational change occurred in 7SK concomitant with the ejection of HEXIM1. Based on our findings, we hypothesize that reincorporation of HEXIM1 into the 7SK snRNP is likely the regulated step of reassembly of the 7SK snRNP containing P-TEFb.
Secretion of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor by Primary Human Fibroblasts at Senescence (2006)

Cellular senescence prevents the proliferation of cells at risk for neoplastic transformation. Nonetheless, the senescence response is thought to be antagonistically pleiotropic and thus contribute to aging phenotypes, including, ironically, late life cancers. The cancer-promoting activity of senescent cells is likely due to secreted molecules, the identity of which remains largely unknown. Here, we have shown that senescent fibroblasts, much more than presenescent fibroblasts, stimulate tumor vascularization in mice. Weakly malignant epithelial cells co-injected with senescent fibroblasts had larger and greater numbers of blood vessels compared with controls. Accordingly, increased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression was a frequent characteristic of senescent human and mouse fibroblasts in culture. Importantly, conditioned medium from senescent fibroblasts, more than medium from presenescent cells, stimulates cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells to invade a basement membrane, a hallmark of angiogenesis. Increased VEGF expression was specific to the senescent phenotype and increased whether senescence was induced by replicative exhaustion, overexpression of p16(Ink4a), or overexpression of oncogenic RAS. The senescence-dependent increase in VEGF production was accompanied by very little increase in hypoxic-inducible (transcription) factor 1 alpha protein levels, and hypoxia further induced VEGF in senescent cells. This result suggests the rise in VEGF expression at senescence is not a hypoxic response. Our findings may in part explain why senescent cells stimulate tumorigenesis in vivo and support the idea that senescent cells may facilitate age-associated cancer development by secreting factors that promote malignant progression.
Pure brain-derived acidic fibroblast growth factor is a potent angiogenic vascular endothelial cell mitogen with sequence homology to interleukin 1. (1985)

Pure bovine brain-derived acidic fibroblast growth factor is a very potent mitogen for vascular endothelial cells in culture and, in the presence of heparin, induces blood vessel growth in vivo. Partial amino acid sequence determinations confirm that this mitogen is a unique protein having amino acid sequence homology with human interleukin 1.
IMPROVED GLUCOSE COUNTERREGULATION AND AUTONOMIC SYMPTOMS AFTER INTRAPORTAL ISLET TRANSPLANTS ALONE IN PATIENTS WITH LONG-STANDING TYPE I DIABETES MELLITUS1 (1998)

We conclude that intraportal islet transplantation does not restore hypoglycemia-induced glucagon secretion, but it improves the responses of most counterregulatory hormones and hypoglycemic warning symptoms even in long-standing type I diabetes.
Design and evaluation of a high-performance ATM firewall switch and its applications (1999)

We present the design of a value-added ATM switch that is capable of performing packet-level (IP) filtering at the maximum throughput of 2.88 Gbit/s per port. This firewall switch nicely integrates the IP level security mechanisms into the hardware components of an ATM switch so that most of the filtering operations are performed in parallel with the normal cell processing, and most of its cost is absorbed into the base cost of the switch. The firewall switch employs the concept of "last cell hostage" (LCH) to avoid or reduce the latency caused by filtering. We analyze in detail the performance of the firewall switch in terms of the throughput and the latency and address related design issues. Applications of our firewall switch as Internet and intranet security solutions are also discussed.
Towards intelligent recognition of multimedia episodes in real-time applications (1994)

The ability to automatically capture and index multimedia information for later perusal and review is critical to the success of future multimedia services. In this paper, we describe how to automatically generate indexes of real-time streams without requiring deep content analysis. Our techniques involve segmenting continuous audio and video into natural units, and relating these to discrete events from the multimedia application, such as user interactions, control events, and data content. In addition, we describe how to search within multimedia streams using query-based retrieval and visual and auditory retrieval modes. This multimodal retrieval allows for quick browsing and visual comprehension of multimedia streams. Finally we show how our techniques apply to the area of multimedia conference recording.
Antiphosphatidylserine antibodies in human immunodeficiency virus-1 patients with evidence of T-cell apoptosis and mediate antibody- dependent cellular cytotoxicity [see comments] (1996)

Serum reactivities to a panel of phospholipid antigens, including cardiolipin (CL), phosphatidylserine (PS), sphingomyelin, phosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidylethanolamine, were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 196 human immunodeficiency virus-l+ (HIV-1+) patients with CDC II to IVC clinical disease. Significant levels of IgG to CL, PS, or both were observed in 23 patients lacking evidence of thrombophilic events or any peculiar clinical feature of HIV-1 infection. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting analyses showed that in vitro apoptosis of T cells was increased in patients with high serum anti-PS IgG, whereas the overexpression of Fas/Apo-1 marker was detected in all patients regardless of their antiphospholipid reactivities. Macrophages from patients with significant titers of anti-PS IgG antibodies were not activated by the presence of apoptotic CEM lymphoblasts or by purified anti-PS IgG from the same patients. By contrast, these antibodies greatly improved the effector functions of autologous macrophages in antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) assays using 51Cr-labeled CEM cells, whereas polyspecific IgG were unable to induce an equivalent cytotoxicity in all instances. An increasing effect on ADCC was also observed in tests using macrophages from healthy controls to CEM coated with anti-PS IgG. These results support a potential correlation of anti-PS specificity with T-cell apoptosis in HIV-1 infection. Because PS is exteriorized by apoptotic lymphocytes, its persistence may stimulate antibodies which cooperate with macrophages in the clearance of dead cells by an enhanced ADCC mechanism. This interpretation could explain the absence of thrombophilia in HIV-1+ patients with serum elevations of antiphospholipid reactivities.
Inductive learning algorithms and representations for text categorization (1998)

Article Inductive learning algorithms and representations for text categorization Share on Authors: Susan Dumais Microsoft Research, One Microsoft way, Redmond, WA Microsoft Research, One Microsoft way, Redmond, WAView Profile , John Platt Microsoft Research, One Microsoft way, Redmond, WA Microsoft Research, One Microsoft way, Redmond, WAView Profile , David Heckerman Microsoft Research, One Microsoft way, Redmond, WA Microsoft Research, One Microsoft way, Redmond, WAView Profile , Mehran Sahami Computer Science Department, Standford University, Standford, CA Computer Science Department, Standford University, Standford, CAView Profile Authors Info & Claims CIKM '98: Proceedings of the seventh international conference on Information and knowledge managementNovember 1998 Pages 148–155https://doi.org/10.1145/288627.288651Published:01 November 1998 797citation4,668DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations797Total Downloads4,668Last 12 Months142Last 6 weeks21 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
LACTOFERRIN, AN IRON-BINBING PROTEIN NI NEUTROPHILIC LEUKOCYTES (1969)

Lactoferrin, an iron-binding protein previously shown to occur in many external secretions, is identified as one of the major proteins present in human and guinea pig neutrophilic polymorphonuclear leukocytes. The identification of this protein in leukocyte extracts was based upon a comparison of its electrophoretic, antigenic, and iron-combining properties with the corresponding properties of the same protein isolated from human and guinea pig milk. Immunochemical quantitations showed that lactoferrin occurs in human neutrophilic leukocytes at the concentration of 3 microg per 10(6) cells. Tissue cultures from guinea pig bone marrow and spleen actively synthesized the protein, as shown both by net production of lactoferrin and incorporation of labeled amino acids into the protein. Immunohistochemical data indicate that lactoferrin first appears in myeloid cells at the stage of the promyelocyte.
A phase 1 study of safety and immunogenicity following intradermal administration of a tetravalent dengue vaccine candidate (2018)

Simultaneous injection of two LD-TDV doses was shown to have the potential to improve seroconversion rates to serotypes 1 and 2, and to increase serotype 2 antibody titers. A primary dose of LD-TDV administered by PharmaJet was shown to induce more rapid seroconversion to serotypes 1, 2, and 3 compared with administration by needle-syringe (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01765426).
Disruption of cytoskeletal structures results in the induction of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator gene expression. (1990)

Urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) is expressed at higher levels in many transformed cells as compared with their non-transformed counterparts. The transformed phenotype is associated with changes in the cytoskeleton. Therefore, we have investigated whether alterations in the cytoskeleton can trigger changes in the expression of the uPA gene. To this end we analyzed the expression of the uPA gene following exposure of porcine kidney cells, LLC-PK1, to agents that modify the organization of specific components of the cytoskeleton. These cells exhibited increased uPA mRNA and protein after disruption of microtubules by colchicine or nocodazole treatment or after disruption of microfilaments by cytochalasin B treatment. Colchicine, nocodazole, and cytochalasin B did not cause alterations in the level of cAMP-dependent protein kinase in LLC-PK1 cells. In contrast, down-regulation of protein kinase C by phorbol myristate acetate, reduced, but did not fully prevent the induction of uPA mRNA when LLC-PK1 cells were subsequently exposed to colchicine, nocodazole, or cytochalasin B. Apparently, a signal transduction pathway in part involving protein kinase C but not cAMP-protein kinase mediates the regulatory changes at the transcriptional level of the uPA gene. Inhibition of protein synthesis by cycloheximide prior to the exposure of LLC-PK1 cells to colchicine, nocodazole, or cytochalasin B, largely prevented the induction of uPA mRNA.
Effects of 50 Hz electromagnetic field exposure on apoptosis and differentiation in a neuroblastoma cell line (2003)

Experiments were carried out to assess whether a magnetic field of 50 Hz and 1 mT can influence apoptosis and proliferation in the human neuroblastoma cell line LAN-5. TUNEL assays and poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) expression analysis were performed to test apoptosis induction, and the WST-1 assay was used to calculate the proliferation index in a long term exposure. No alterations were found in cellular ability to undergo programmed cell death, but a small increase in the proliferation index was evidenced after 7 days of continuous exposure. Also, a slight and transient increase of B-myb oncogene expression was detected after 5 days of exposure. Combined exposures of cells to EMF and to chemical agents which interfere with proliferation, such as the differentiative agent retinoic acid and the apoptotic inducer camptothecin, showed an antagonistic effect of magnetic fields against the differentiation of the LAN-5 cells and a protective effect towards apoptosis.
Prediction of human tumor cell chemosensitivity using the sister chromatid exchange assay. (1986)

The sister chromatid exchange (SCE) assay has been used to predict the chemosensitivity to 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea of various neoplastic cell subpopulations in eight cell lines derived from human brain tumors. Because the SCE assay is based on analysis of individual cells, data obtained can be plotted as frequency histograms of SCEs per chromosome, and the range of chemosensitivities of cell subpopulations can be identified easily. Results suggest that the SCE assay has predictive value as a clinical assay for drugs for which a strong correlation between cell kill and induction of SCEs has been established.
The Synthesis of 4-Hydroxyquinolines.1 I. Through Ethoxymethylenemalonic Ester (1946)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Synthesis of 4-Hydroxyquinolines.1 I. Through Ethoxymethylenemalonic EsterCharles C. Price and Royston M. RobertsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1946, 68, 7, 1204–1208Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1946Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1946https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01211a020https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01211a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1079Altmetric-Citations103LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Guidelines for resuscitation and transfer of patients with serious head injury. (1993)

a , 60 160 Cerebral perfusion pressure (mm Hg) FIG 2-Cerebral autoregulation-(top) normal: constant cerebral bloodflow within wide limits ofcerebral perfusion pressure; (bottom) impaired autoregulation after serious head injury: "pressure passive" cerebral bloodflow supervision of experienced doctors. If not immediately available, they should be summoned promptly to the resuscitation room.
Diatom autofocusing in brightfield microscopy: a comparative study (2002)

We present a number of autofocusing methods in light microscopy for use in diatom identification. Among these, the Tenengrad method has been considered one of the best. The basic requirements for a practical autofocusing system are speed, sharpness and robustness to noise. Recently other focus measures based on a modified Laplacian method are said to perform better than Tenengrad. We investigate two sound methods based on a modified Tenengrad and a modified Laplacian. Measurements show that they provide a reliable and suitable focus measure that outperform similar methods. We investigate the window size analysis dependency and perform an univariate analysis on the focus measures. The focusing techniques are implemented in an automatic slide scanning system for diatom detection and identification for its use in the ADIAC project.
A runtime system for software lock elision (2009)

The advent of multi-core processors means that exploiting parallelism is key to increasing the performance of programs. Many researchers have studied the use of atomic blocks as a way to simplify the construction of scalable parallel programs. However, there is a large body of existing lock-based code, and typically it is incorrect to simply replace lock-based critical sections with atomic blocks. Some problems include the need to do IO within critical sections; the use of primitives such as condition variables; and the sometime reliance on underlying lock properties such as fairness or priority inheritance.
H.265 video delivery using dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP (DASH) on LAN network (2014)

Currently it appears the latest video coding H.265 or known as High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC). In the application of video streaming services using MPEG Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (MPEG-DASH), the video quality level representations contained in the Media Presentation Description (MPD) composed by several video segments. The problems that arise when setting the length of the video segment is the influence of the received video quality at the client at the time of the video segments are transmitted using MPEG-DASH. This study uses H.265 video to MPEG-DASH delivered using blended with the background traffic from the FTP server on the LAN network. The results of this research indicate H.265 video can be used for adaptive delivery using MPEG-DASH. The length of the smaller video segments that will generate greater PSNR value. Parameter values generated buffering time is almost close to the value of long video segments that are used so that it would be better to use the smaller video segments. But the video segments greater positive impact on processor usage because it produces the smaller value.
Variability of Floral Characteristics Influences Honey Bee Visitation to Soybean Blossoms1 (1975)

Group O‐III cultivars of soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr., screened for floral variability (e.g. flower size, color, abundance, cleistogamy, aroma, ncctar production, and blossom sequence) demonstrated a continuum between extreme limits for most of these factors. Cultivars potentially attractive to honey bees ( Apis mellifera L.) were ranked from high to low, based on their rate of nectar secretion. The responses of late flowering under fluorescent light and temperature insensitivity at flowering (noncleistogamic) were found to be associated with higher production of nectar, which suggests possible methods of screening for potential bee attractiveness. The effect of weather in Wisconsin on the flowering and bee visitation for one soybean cultivar was studied in detail. Here, flowers failed to open and nectar secretion ceased at daily mean ambient temperatures below 21 C.