gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ATM Network Resource Management (1997)

From the Publisher:
Many companies are turning to ATM to speed the transfer of information over networks: However,ATM is especially complex and costly to manage. This book covers ATM network management in both technical and dollars and cents terms. It presents a coherent detailed framework to help network managers optimize their resources in implementing and maintaining ATM. Readers will also find guidance on managing non-ATM high-performance broadband networks.
Cerebral Glucose Metabolism in Obsessive-Compulsive Hoarding (2004)

OCD patients with the compulsive hoarding syndrome had a different pattern of cerebral glucose metabolism than nonhoarding OCD patients and comparison subjects. Obsessive-compulsive hoarding may be a neurobiologically distinct subgroup or variant of OCD whose symptoms and poor response to anti-obsessional treatment are mediated by lower activity in the cingulate cortex.
Nitric oxide modulates vascular permeability in the rat coronary circulation (1993)

1. The objective of the present study was to assess whether inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production could modulate vascular permeability in the coronary circulation in conscious rats. 2. Intravenous injection of NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 2 mg kg-1) resulted in a slowly developing hypertension and evoked twofold increases in vascular permeability in the left ventricle and right atrium as measured by the extravasation of Evans blue dye. Maintenance of mean arterial blood pressure at the level observed following L-NAME injection by infusion of noradrenaline (620-820 ng kg-1 min-1) did not induce significant protein extravasation in the coronary circulation. 3. L-NAME treatment markedly enhanced (up to 490%) protein extravasation both in the left ventricle and right atrium in response to platelet-activating factor (PAF, 1.9 nmol kg-1, i.v.) and endothelin-1 (1 nmol kg-1, i.v.). Noradrenaline infusion potentiated (up to 69%) endothelin-1-induced protein extravasation. The permeability effect of PAF was only slightly enhanced by noradrenaline. 4. The present findings indicate that inhibition of endogenous NO synthesis leads to an increase in protein extravasation and to potentiation of the permeability effects of PAF and endothelin-1 in the coronary circulation. These results also suggest that NO may be an important regulator of vascular permeability under physiological and pathological conditions.
Heart Valve Development (2004)

During the past decade, single gene disruption in mice and large-scale mutagenesis screens in zebrafish have elucidated many fundamental genetic pathways that govern early heart patterning and differentiation. Specifically, a number of genes have been revealed serendipitously to play important and selective roles in cardiac valve development. These initially surprising results have now converged on a finite number of signaling pathways that regulate endothelial proliferation and differentiation in developing and postnatal heart valves. This review highlights the roles of the most well-established ligands and signaling pathways, including VEGF, NFATc1, Notch, Wnt/beta-catenin, BMP/TGF-beta, ErbB, and NF1/Ras. Based on the interactions among and relative timing of these pathways, a signaling network model for heart valve development is proposed.
Nitazoxanide in the Treatment of Taenia Saginata and Hymenolepis nana Infections (1984)

Nitazoxanide , a nitrothiazole derivative, was tested in 22 patients infected with Taenia saginata and 18 infected with Hymenolepis nana. A single 25 mg/kg body weight dose was effective against T. saginata, while twice this dose level (50 mg/kg), also as a single dose, was required for treating H. nana infection. Tolerance of the drug was good at both dose levels used.
Delayed Latency of the Event-Related Brain Potential P3A Component in HIV Disease (1995)

This finding suggests that delayed P3A latency is sensitive to the relatively early central nervous system effects of HIV and progresses with worsening of the central nervous system effects of HIV.
Review: Could neurotransmitters influence neurogenesis and neurorepair after stroke? (2013)

Brain ischaemia and reperfusion produce alterations in the microenvironment of the parenchyma, including ATP depletion, ionic homeostasis alterations, inflammation, release of multiple cytokines and abnormal release of neurotransmitters. As a consequence, the induction of proliferation and migration of neural stem cells is redirected towards the peri-infarct region. The success of new neurorestorative treatments for damaged brain implies the need to describe with greater accuracy the mechanisms in charge of regulating adult neurogenesis, under both physiological and pathological conditions. Recent evidence demonstrates that many neurotransmitters, glutamate in particular, control the subventricular zone (SVZ), thus being part of the complex signal network that exerts a remarkable influence on the production of new neurones. Neurotransmitters provide a link between brain activity and SVZ neurogenesis. Therefore, a deeper knowledge of the role of neurotransmitters systems, such as glutamate and its transporters, in adult neurogenesis, may prove a valuable tool to be utilized as a neurorestorative therapy in this pathology.
Resolving interparticle position and optical forces along the axial direction using optical coherence gating (2010)

In this paper, we demonstrate the use of coherence gating to resolve particle positions and forces in the axial direction. Through coherence gating, particle displacements and interparticle separations can be resolved with a high signal-to-noise ratio. We achieved both high depth resolvability (10−6m) and weak optical force (10−15 N) measurements in an optical trapping system using a low coherence interferometry system. Trap stiffness as low as 1.46 fN μm−1 was measured. This technique is well-suited for the direct visualization of interparticle optical-mechanical interactions.
Development of a Liver-Targeted Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase (SCD) Inhibitor (MK-8245) to Establish a Therapeutic Window for the Treatment of Diabetes and Dyslipidemia (2011)

The potential use of SCD inhibitors for the chronic treatment of diabetes and dyslipidemia has been limited by preclinical adverse events associated with inhibition of SCD in skin and eye tissues. To establish a therapeutic window, we embarked on designing liver-targeted SCD inhibitors by utilizing molecular recognition by liver-specific organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs). In doing so, we set out to target the SCD inhibitor to the organ believed to be responsible for the therapeutic efficacy (liver) while minimizing its exposure in the tissues associated with mechanism-based SCD depletion of essential lubricating lipids (skin and eye). These efforts led to the discovery of MK-8245 (7), a potent, liver-targeted SCD inhibitor with preclinical antidiabetic and antidyslipidemic efficacy with a significantly improved therapeutic window.
Extended Analysis of Motion-Compensated Frame Difference for Block-Based Motion Prediction Error (2007)

In the past, most design and optimization work on hybrid video codecs relied mainly on experimental evidence. A proper theoretical model is always desirable, since this allows us to explain the phenomena of existing codecs and to design better ones. In this paper, we make use of the first-order Markov model to derive an approximated separable autocorrelation model for the block-based motion compensation frame difference (MCFD) signal. A major assumption of our derivation is that the net deformation of pixels is directional, in general, rather than a uniform error distribution in a block. We have also shown that the imperfect block-based motion compensation is significant to the theoretical study and the behavior of motion-compensated codecs. Results of our experimental work show that the derived model can describe the statistical characteristics of the MCFD signals accurately. The model also shows that the imperfectly formulated block-based motion compensation can result in an incorrect MCFD autocorrelation function while, conversely, it can form a better block-based motion compensation scheme.
Trigeminal Ganglion Infection by Thymidine Kinase-Negative Mutants of Herpes Simplex Virus (1979)

The incidence of trigeminal ganglion infection after corneal inoculation of guinea pigs with thymidine kinase-negative mutants of herpes simplex virus was markedly reduced compared to infection after inoculation of thymidine kinase-positive virus. Thymidine kinase-negative herpes simplex virus replicated well in ocular tissues in which dividing or potentially dividing cells were present, but not in trigeminal ganglion infection of nondividing neurons. Thymidine kinase-positive virus, however, replicated well in ocular tissues as well as in trigeminal ganglion. These results suggest that thymidine kinase expression of herpes simplex virus may be important in infections of sensory ganglia.
Penicillinase from Bacillus licheniformis: nucleotide sequence of the gene and implications for the biosynthesis of a secretory protein in a Gram-positive bacterium (1981)

The gene for the penicillinase from B. licheniformis has been cloned in a functional stat on a 1.5 kb DNA fragment and its nucleotide sequence has been determined. A sequence of 307 amino acid residues is infered for the penicillinase precursor. Of these 34 amino acids precede the sequence of the secreted form of the enzyme. This peptide extension shows the features of a signal for secretion and also provides the hydrophobic anchor for the membrane-bound form of the enzyme.
Synthesis of Novel Derivatives of 1,4,7-Triazacyclononane (2001)

[structure: see text]. The coordination environment of 1,4,7-triazacyclononane can be adapted, through sequential functionalization of two secondary amines, to generate ligands applicable in biomimetic studies. Two "amino acids" and an amino derivative have been prepared from 1,4,7-triazatricyclo[5.2.1.0(4,10)]decane. This synthon allows efficient attachment of one functional group to the macrocyclic ring, forming a monoamidinium salt. Hydrolysis generates a formyl derivative, which was further functionalized at the secondary amine and hydrolyzed in strong acid to generate ligands 1-3.
FrameD: a flexible program for quality check and gene prediction in prokaryotic genomes and noisy matured eukaryotic sequences (2003)

We describe FrameD, a program that predicts coding regions in prokaryotic and matured eukaryotic sequences. Initially targeted at gene prediction in bacterial GC rich genomes, the gene model used in FrameD also allows to predict genes in the presence of frameshifts and partially undetermined sequences which makes it also very suitable for gene prediction and frameshift correction in unfinished sequences such as EST and EST cluster sequences. Like recent eukaryotic gene prediction programs, FrameD also includes the ability to take into account protein similarity information both in its prediction and its graphical output. Its performances are evaluated on different bacterial genomes. The web site (http://genopole.toulouse.inra.fr/bioinfo/FrameD/FD) allows direct prediction, sequence correction and translation and the ability to learn new models for new organisms.
Heavy Oil Characterization: Lessons Learned During Placement of a Horizontal Injector at a Tar/Oil Interface (2015)

Abstract A case history is presented for a horizontal injector drilled at the base of a moveable oil column on top of a tar mat in a carbonate oil reservoir in the Middle East. The well was placed utilizing real-time Logging-While-Drilling (LWD) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) oil viscosity correlations and formation tester mobility data. As a pilot water injector, placed at an oil/tar interface with restricted historic oil viscosity versus depth data, obtaining calibration oil samples was considered critical. Both LWD and pipe-conveyed (TLC) formation tester data sets were acquired, which made direct comparisons of LWD and TLC acquired formation pressures and formation mobilities possible. The comparison proves the reliability of the LWD formation mobilities. The LWD measured formation pressures were supercharged while the TLC formation tester formation pressures were largely in line with expected formation pressures. The oil viscosity results from the TLC formation tester in-situ viscosity fluid analyzer and the NMR viscosity correlation compared favorably with the laboratory results from the acquired TLC formation tester fluid samples. This indicates that accurate real-time in-situ fluid property determination is possible with modern formation tester and NMR tools. In this reservoir, at an early phase of acquiring oil/tar transition zone oil viscosity versus depth data, the main lesson learned was that the deeper section of the case study well contained higher asphaltene content than expected, which caused wellbore plugging that prevented reservoir access after suspending the well for tie-in. A clean-out operation was unsuccessful as plugging reoccurred. The well is now planned to be re-sidetracked in 3-20 centiPoise (cP) oil at the top portion of the oil/tar transition zone.
A review of the biostability and carcinogenicity of polyurethanes in medicine and the new generation of 'biostable' polyurethanes (1995)

Polyurethanes are very versatile materials which have been used in the body for over 20 years. In fact, there are probably more scientific papers describing these materials and modifications of these materials for medical use than any other material to date. Unfortunately, some formulations of these polymers are subject to biodegradation and have limited their application in the body. Extensive investigation of the biodegradation mechanisms of these polymers by many researchers in the field has led to the development of a new generation of what are now called 'biostable' polyurethanes. This article reviews the history of polyurethane in medicine, polyurethane nomenclature, the biodegradation of these materials, the proposed mechanisms of its degradation as well as the carcinogenicity associated with these materials. Included in the discussion are the polyurethanes used as pacemaker lead insulators as well as those used to coat breast implants. The article concludes with a review of the new generation of 'biostable' polyurethanes and their proposed formulations.
Sensitivity to 1-(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl-3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosourea hydrochloride (ACNU) of glioma cells in vivo and in vitro (1982)

A new water-soluble nitrosourea (ACNU) was tested for its antitumor activity against four glioma cell lines. Four factors were studied to determine its antitumor activity: inhibition of cell growth, morphologic observation, analysis of DNA histogram with flow microfluorometry, and sensitivity testing with microtest plate. Growth inhibition in response to ACNU was seen in two cell lines (EA285, U251-MG), whereas two cell lines (YE2-02, T98) were resistant to ACNU. The results of the present sensitivity test concur with those of other examinations that this test is useful in selecting a drug and determining the effective dose.
Ionic electroactive hybrid transducers (2005)

Ionic electroactive actuators have received considerable attention in the past ten years. Ionic electroactive polymers, sometimes referred to as artificial muscles, have the ability to generate large bending strain and moderate stress at low applied voltages. Typical types of ionic electroactive polymer transducers include ionic polymers, conducting polymers, and carbon nanotubes. Preliminary research combining multiple types of materials proved to enhance certain transduction properties such as speed of response, maximum strain, or quasi-static actuation. Recently it was demonstrated that ionomer-ionic liquid transducers can operate in air for long periods of time (>250,000 cycles) and showed potential to reduce or eliminate the back-relaxation issue associated with ionomeric polymers. In addition, ionic liquids have higher electrical stability window than those operated with water as the solvent thereby increasing the maximum strain that the actuator can produce. In this work, a new technique developed for plating metal particulates on the surface of ionomeric materials is applied to the development of hybrid transducers that incorporate carbon nanotubes and conducting polymers as electrode materials. The new plating technique, named the direct assembly process, consists of mixing a conducting powder with an ionomer solution. This technique has demonstrated improved response time and strain output as compared to previous methods. Furthermore, the direct assembly process is less costly to implement than traditional impregnation-reduction methods due to less dependence on reducing agents, it requires less time, and is easier to implement than other processes. Electrodes applied using this new technique of mixing RuO<sub>2</sub> (surface area 45~65m<sup>2</sup>/g) particles and Nafion dispersion provided 5x the displacement and 10x the force compared to a transducer made with conventional methods. Furthermore, the study illustrated that the response speed of the transducer is optimized by varying the vol% of metal in the electrode. For RuO<sub>2</sub>, the optimal loading was approximately 45%. This study shows that carbon nanotubes electrodes have an optimal performance at loadings around 30 vol%, while PANI electrodes are optimized at 95 vol%. Due to low percolation threshold, carbon nanotubes actuators perform better at lower loading than other conducting powders. The addition of nanotubes to the electrode tends to increase both the strain rate and the maximum strain of the hybrid actuator. SWNT/RuO<sub>2</sub> hybrid transducer has a strain rate of 2.5%/sec, and a maximum attainable peak-to-peak strain of 9.38% (+/- 2V). SWNT/PANI hybrid also increased both strain and strain rate but not as significant as with RuO<sub>2</sub>. PANI/RuO<sub>2</sub> actuator had an overwhelming back relaxation.
Stepwise Bay Annulation of Indigo for the Synthesis of Desymmetrized Electron Acceptors and Donor–Acceptor Constructs (2016)

A selective stepwise annulation of indigo has been demonstrated as a means of providing both monoannulated and differentially double-annulated indigo derivatives. Disparate substitution of the electron accepting bay-annulated indigo system allows for fine control over both the electronic properties as well as donor-acceptor structural architectures. Optical and electronic properties were characterized computationally as well as through UV-vis absorption spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. This straightforward method provides a modular approach for the design of indigo-based materials with tailored optoelectronic properties.
A Novel Vasodilatory Peptide from the Salivary Glands of the Sand Fly Lutzomyia longipalpis (1989)

Salivary gland lysates of the sand fly Lutzomyia longipalpis contain a potent vasodilator that aids the fly to feed on the blood of its vertebrate hosts. Chromatographic analysis, antibody reactivity, and data obtained from bioassays of the salivary erythema-inducing factor indicate striking similarity with human calcitonin gene-related peptide. The erythema-inducing factor is, however, at least one order of magnitude more potent than calcitonin gene-related peptide.
A Randomized Trial of Focused Ultrasound Thalamotomy for Essential Tremor (2016)

MRI-guided focused ultrasound thalamotomy reduced hand tremor in patients with essential tremor. Side effects included sensory and gait disturbances. (Funded by InSightec and others; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01827904.).
Apoptosis-Inducing Activity of Galloylglucoses from Juglans mandshurica in Human Promyeloid Leukemic HL-60 Cells (2004)

Two galloyl monosaccharides, 1,2,6-trigalloylglucose (1, TRgG) and 1,2,3,6-tetragalloylglucose (2, TEgG), were isolated from the stem-bark of Juglans mandshurica. Two galloylglucoses showed cytotoxic effects on human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells. In order to elucidate their mechanism of action, we have investigated the flow cytometric analysis after Annexin V-FITC and PI staining, caspase-3 activity, and internucleosomal DNA fragmentation in HL-60 cells. HL-60 cells treated with both compounds 1 and 2 at 150 and 100 μM, respectively, led to a morphological features of apoptosis, such as plasma membrane blebbing and cell shrinkage. TRgG (1) and TEgG (2) increased the percentage of FITC+ and FITC+PI+ cells in flow cytometry after Annexin V-FITC and PI staining. The increase of apoptotic cells was preceded by the activation of caspase-3 reported to play a central role in apoptotic process and inducing internucleosomal DNA fragmentation. TEgG (2) showed to have stronger apoptosis inducing activity in HL-60 cell lines as compared with TRgG (1).
The interaction between sleep and epilepsy (2007)

Sleep and epilepsy are interrelated. Understanding the relationship between epilepsy and sleep is important for optimizing management of the epilepsy patient in several ways. First, sleep modulates the expression of epileptic seizures and interictal epileptiform discharges. Second, epilepsy and its treatment influence sleep organization and daytime alertness, and may contribute to, or ameliorate, sleep disorders. Finally, treatment of a coexisting sleep disorder may improve seizure control, daytime alertness, and health-related quality of life. In this article, aspects related to the interrelationship of sleep and epilepsy will be discussed and the model of how sleep can interact with a neurological disorder will be illustrated.
Switched-mode transistor amplifiers (1963)

Switched-mode transistor operation is known to provide greater efficiency than circuits using linear amplifiers. This paper describes some switched-mode circuits and shows how they are used in a high-density carrier system; the improved circuit efficiency which results permits the carrier system to be considerably simplified and heat dissipation to be reduced greatly.
Altered Immune Responses in Interleukin 10 Transgenic Mice (1997)

Interleukin (IL)-10 is a pleiotropic cytokine which inhibits a broad array of immune parameters including T helper cell type 1 (Th1) cytokine production, antigen presentation, and antigen-specific T cell proliferation. To understand the consequences of altered expression of IL-10 in immune models of autoimmune disease, the response to infectious agents, and the response to tumors, we developed transgenic mice expressing IL-10 under the control of the IL-2 promoter. Upon in vitro stimulation, spleen cells from unimmunized transgenic mice secrete higher levels of IL-10 and lower amounts of IFN-gamma than do controls, although no gross abnormalities were detected in lymphocyte populations or serum Ig levels. Transfer of normally pathogenic CD4(+) CD45RBhigh splenic T cells from IL-10 transgenic mice did not cause colitis in recipient severe combined immunodeficiency mice. Furthermore, co-transfer of these transgenic cells with CD4(+) CD45RBhigh T cells from control mice prevented disease. Transgenic mice retained their resistance to Leishmania major infection, indicating that their cell-mediated immune responses were not globally suppressed. Lastly, in comparison to controls, IL-10 transgenic mice were unable to limit the growth of immunogenic tumors. Administration of blocking IL-10 mAbs restored in vivo antitumor responses in the transgenic mice. These results demonstrate that a single alteration in the T cell cytokine profile can lead to dramatic changes in immune responses in a manner that is stimulus dependent. These mice will be useful in defining differences in inflammatory conditions and cellular immunity mediated by IL-10.