gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High-throughput screening for industrial enzyme production hosts by droplet microfluidics (2013)

A high-throughput method for single cell screening by microfluidic droplet sorting is applied to a whole-genome mutated yeast cell library yielding improved production hosts of secreted industrial enzymes. The sorting method is validated by enriching a yeast strain 14 times based on its α-amylase production, close to the theoretical maximum enrichment. Furthermore, a 10(5) member yeast cell library is screened yielding a clone with a more than 2-fold increase in α-amylase production. The increase in enzyme production results from an improvement of the cellular functions of the production host in contrast to previous droplet-based directed evolution that has focused on improving enzyme protein structure. In the workflow presented, enzyme producing single cells are encapsulated in 20 pL droplets with a fluorogenic reporter substrate. The coupling of a desired phenotype (secreted enzyme concentration) with the genotype (contained in the cell) inside a droplet enables selection of single cells with improved enzyme production capacity by droplet sorting. The platform has a throughput over 300 times higher than that of the current industry standard, an automated microtiter plate screening system. At the same time, reagent consumption for a screening experiment is decreased a million fold, greatly reducing the costs of evolutionary engineering of production strains.
Two-dimensional surface-emitting leaky-wave coupled laser arrays (1993)

Leaky-wave coupling has been used for the first time to phase-lock surface-emitting antiguided arrays in a two-dimensional (2-D) configuration. Small differences between the length of separate array sections can be compensated for by phase shifts induced by carrier injection between the sections. Both four- and nine-array-section devices, arranged in diamond-shaped patterns, were phase-locked. Four-array-section devices provide far-field patterns with 35% fringe visibility to 0.2-W pulsed output power. Higher spatial coherence (45% fringe visibility) to 3.9-W pulsed output power is obtained from nine-array-section devices. The large improvement in coherent power of the nine-array-section devices appears to be because they are parallel coupled. The inherent single-spatial-mode stability of resonant optical waveguide (ROW) arrays to high drive levels above threshold allows the application of a coupled-mode formalism to 2-D arrays of ROW devices. The modeling indicates that resonant 16-array-section devices produce 10 W of spatially coherent power.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Novel Brønsted Acidic Ionic Liquids and Their Use as Dual Solvent−Catalysts (2002)

The reaction of triphenylphosphine or N-butylimidazole with cyclic sultones gives zwitterions that are subsequently converted into ionic liquids by reaction with trifluoromethane sulfonic acid or p-toluenesulfonic acid. The resulting ionic liquids have cations to which are tethered alkane sulfonic acid groups. These Brønsted acidic ionic liquids are useful solvent/catalysts for several organic reactions, including Fischer esterification, alcohol dehydrodimerization and the pinacol rearrangement. The new ionic liquids combine the low volatility and ease of separation from product normally associated with solid acid catalysts, with the higher activity and yields normally found using conventional liquid acids.
Trellis-coded multidimensional phase modulation (1990)

A 2L-dimensional multiple phase-shift keyed (L*MPSK) signal set is obtained by forming the Cartesian product of L two-dimensional MPSK signal sets. A systematic approach to partitioning L*MPSK signal sets that is based on block coding is used. An encoder system approach is developed. It incorporates the design of a differential precoder, a systematic convolutional encoder, and a signal set mapper. Trellis-coded L*4PSK, L*8PSK, and L*16PSK modulation schemes are found for 1<or=L<or=4 and a variety of code rates and decoder complexities, many of which are fully transparent to discrete phase rotations of the signal set. The new codes achieve asymptotic coding gains up to 5.85 dB.<<ETX>>
An Outbreak of Pneumocystis carinii Pneumonia in Homosexual Men (1982)

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia has rarely been reported in previously healthy persons over the age of 6 months. Five cases of P. carinii pneumonia in adult homosexual men, confirmed by biopsy results, are reported. All five patients were seropositive when tested for antibodies to cytomegalovirus and four had evidence of active concurrent cytomegalovirus infections. Kaposi's sarcoma was shown in two of the patients and one had possible Pneumocystis infection of the central nervous system as well as P. carinii pneumonia. Three patients had second episodes of Pneumocystis pneumonia. Four of the five patients have died. Past or concurrent cytomegalovirus infection and homosexuality were the only common epidemiologic features in all five patients.
為「民粹主義邏輯」定位 : 回應許寶強與小西 (2007)

雖然許寶強與小西就著民粹主義的討論，提出了不少有意思的話題，最初我本無意參與，主要的原因是香港報紙評論版的空間及「預期」讀者，令我擔心許多問題不能一時弄清，以我拙劣的寫作評論技巧，恐怕會弄巧反拙。不過，既然「文化研究@嶺南」提供另一個空間，另一群讀者，我相信，這片園地要比報紙空間要好得多，自由得多，所以，才膽敢說幾句話，而我相信，這裡的讀者也該較有耐性閱讀筆者沉悶的意見，以及回應提出的問題。\n要深化討論許寶強提出的「民粹主義邏輯」與香港的問題，我以為，有兩項工作需要開展，第一，是經驗研究，即研究不同個案中，民粹主義邏輯的建構過程；第二是理論性，要疏理清楚「民粹主義邏輯」這個概念的理論基礎。前者，我自己也在做著相關的研究，整理後再跟大家分享，這篇文章，主要想稍為處理一下後者，即從理論方面提出少許意見。
Isolation and proteomic characterization of the major proteins of the nucleolin-binding ribonucleoprotein complexes (2001)

Nucleolin (NCL) is one of the most abundant nucleolar proteins of exponentially growing eukaryotic cells. It is known to interact only transiently with rRNA and preribosomal particles and not to be detectable in mature cytoplasmic ribosomes, and is believed to function as multi-protein complexes during ribosome biogenesis and maturation. However, those multiprotein complexes remain only partially characterized due to the difficulty of conventional protein analysis methods. Here we report isolation of NCL-binding protein complex and its proteomic characterization with the use of an analytical method based on matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight analysis coupled with searching peptide mass databases. The NCL-binding protein complex was isolated by immunoprecipitation with anti-Flag antibody from human kidney 293 cells that were transfected with the Flag-tagged NCL gene, and showed RNA integrity for holding their protein constituents. Interaction between NCL and its binding complex was disrupted by an RNA oligonucleotide with a NCL recognition element, indicating that NCL binds to the ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex mainly through the sequence specific protein-RNA interaction. We confirmed that an RNA-binding domain of NCL alone was sufficient to hold the entire NCL-binding RNP complex, indicating the strict binding specificity of NCL to the isolated RNP complex in 293 cells. We identified forty ribosomal proteins from both the large and small subunits, and twenty nonribosomal proteins. These results together suggest that the isolated NCL-binding RNP complex is a preribosomal particle present in the nucleolus of 293 cells.
Efficient Templated Synthesis of Donor−Acceptor Rotaxanes Using Click Chemistry (2006)

The mild reaction conditions, remarkable functional group compatibility, and complete regioselectivity of the Cu-catalyzed Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition ("click chemistry") between organic azides and terminal alkynes have led to a threading-followed-by-stoppering approach to the synthesis of donor-acceptor rotaxanes incorporating cyclobis(paraquat-p-phenylene) (CBPQT4+) as the pi-accepting ring component. Rotaxane formation is initiated by reacting azide-functionalized pseudorotaxanes containing pi-donating 1,5-dioxynaphthalene (DNP) recognition units with appropriate alkyne-functionalized stoppers. The high yields obtained in this efficient, kinetically controlled post-assembly covalent modification, as well as the excellent convergence of the synthetic protocol, are demonstrated by the preparation of [2]-, [3]-, and [4]rotaxanes containing multiple DNP/CBPQT4+ donor-acceptor recognition motifs.
Imatinib mesylate reduces production of extracellular matrix and prevents development of experimental dermal fibrosis (2006)

These data show that imatinib mesylate at biologically relevant concentrations has potent antifibrotic effects in vitro and in vivo, without toxic side effects. Considering its favorable pharmacokinetics and clinical experience with its use in other diseases, imatinib mesylate is a promising candidate for the treatment of fibrotic diseases such as SSc.
Corneal transplantation (1992)

Corneal transplantation is the most widely practiced form of clinical transplantation. This was made possible by the development of donor handling and preservation techniques, such as cooled culture media and organ-culture systems, that guarantee a sufficient supply of donor tissue. Corneal grafting is performed to improve visual function, to preserve the integrity of the eye, or to reduce pain. Patients with visual disability who present with keratoconus or dystrophy have a good prognosis for retaining a thin, transparent graft on a long-term basis. In this patient group the limiting factor for a gratifying visual outcome is high residual postkeratoplasty astigmatism, a still-too-frequent occurrence. Refinement in trephination techniques should help overcome this pitfall. Patients with vascularization or regrafting who are in the high-risk category may benefit from HLA matching or the use of cyclosporine and other immunosuppressive agents that are currently being tested in experimental models for reducing the impact of allograft rejection. Current Opinion in Ophthalmology 1992, 3:473-481
Tuning Sensitivity of CAR to EGFR Density Limits Recognition of Normal Tissue While Maintaining Potent Antitumor Activity (2015)

Many tumors overexpress tumor-associated antigens relative to normal tissue, such as EGFR. This limits targeting by human T cells modified to express chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) due to potential for deleterious recognition of normal cells. We sought to generate CAR(+) T cells capable of distinguishing malignant from normal cells based on the disparate density of EGFR expression by generating two CARs from monoclonal antibodies that differ in affinity. T cells with low-affinity nimotuzumab-CAR selectively targeted cells overexpressing EGFR, but exhibited diminished effector function as the density of EGFR decreased. In contrast, the activation of T cells bearing high-affinity cetuximab-CAR was not affected by the density of EGFR. In summary, we describe the generation of CARs able to tune T-cell activity to the level of EGFR expression in which a CAR with reduced affinity enabled T cells to distinguish malignant from nonmalignant cells.
Highly multiplexed DNA sequencing by capillary electrophoresis (1994)

It is obvious that irrespective of whichever basic technology is eventually selected to sequence the entire human genome there are substantial gains to be made if a high degree of multiplexing of parallel runs can be implemented. Such multiplexing should not involve expensive instrumentation and should not require additional personnel, or else the main objective of cost reduction will not be satisfied even though the total time for sequencing is reduced. In the last two years, several research groups have shown that capillary electrophoresis (CE) is an attractive alternative for DNA sequencing. Part of the improvement in sequencing speed in CE is counteracted by the inherent ability of slab gels for accommodating multiple lanes in a single run. Recently, the authors have developed several excitation schemes for highly multiplexed capillary electrophoresis. Detection at the pM level was demonstrated. The authors report here the use of a novel excitation geometry to simultaneously monitor 100 capillary tubes during electrophoresis. This represents a truly parallel multiplexing scheme for high-speed DNA sequencing.
Programming Bots, Spiders, and Intelligent Agents in Microsoft Visual C++ (1999)

Written by a prolific innovator in the agent arena, this guide offers specific instruction for leveraging Visual C++ skills to build robots, spiders crawlers, and intelligent agents. The CD-ROM houses recyclable agents, in addition to reusable C++ classes and AlphaCONNECT agent software.
MASC: Multi-scale Affinity with Sparse Convolution for 3D Instance Segmentation (2019)

We propose a new approach for 3D instance segmentation based on sparse convolution and point affinity prediction, which indicates the likelihood of two points belonging to the same instance. The proposed network, built upon submanifold sparse convolution [3], processes a voxelized point cloud and predicts semantic scores for each occupied voxel as well as the affinity between neighboring voxels at different scales. A simple yet effective clustering algorithm segments points into instances based on the predicted affinity and the mesh topology. The semantic for each instance is determined by the semantic prediction. Experiments show that our method outperforms the state-of-the-art instance segmentation methods by a large margin on the widely used ScanNet benchmark [2]. We share our code publicly at https://github.com/art-programmer/MASC.
A Review of U.S. Patents in the Field of Organic Process Development Published during March and April 2005 (2005)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVHighlights From Pate...Highlights From PatentsNEXTA Review of U.S. Patents in the Field of Organic Process Development Published during March and April 2005Keith TurnerView Author Information Kappa Tau Consulting, 12 The Avenue, Fairfield, Stockton-on-Tees, TS19 7EY, Telephone/fax: +44 (0)1642 653484.E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: Org. Process Res. Dev. 2005, 9, 4, 386–396Publication Date (Web):June 17, 2005Publication History Published online17 June 2005Published inissue 1 July 2005https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/op050092ihttps://doi.org/10.1021/op050092iproduct-reviewACS PublicationsCopyright © 2005 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views636Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Catalysts,Mixtures,Organic compounds,Separation science Get e-Alerts
Asymptotic Behavior of the Response Function of Optical Systems (1958)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Iwao Ogura, "Asymptotic Behavior of the Response Function of Optical Systems," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 48, 579_1-580 (1958) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
ChemInform Abstract: THE SYNTHESIS OF (10‐LEUCINE‐B) HUMAN INSULIN, A BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE ANALOG (1977)

Abstract Human‐Insu lin, in dem der B‐10‐Baustein Histidin durch Leucin ersetzt ist, wird durch Kondensation d Fragmente (I) und (II) (die ihrerseits schrittweise nach üblichen Methoden aufgebaut werden) [→(IIIa)], Schutzgruppenabspaltung und oxidative Sulfitolyse [ ‐+ (IIIb)] und Kombination von (IIIb) mit der Thiol‐Form der A‐Kette von Human‐Insulin synthetisiert.
The theory of bandpass sampling (1991)

The sampling of bandpass signals is discussed with respect to band position, noise considerations, and parameter sensitivity. For first-order sampling, the acceptable and unacceptable sample rates are presented, with specific discussion of the practical rates which are nonminimum. It is shown that the minimum sampling rate is pathological in that any imperfection in the implementation will cause aliasing. In applying bandpass sampling to relocate signals to a base-band position, the signal-to-noise ratio is not preserved owing to the out-of-band noise being aliased. The degradation in signal-to-noise ratio is quantified in terms of the position of the bandpass signal. For the construction of a bandpass signal from second-order samples, the cost of implementing the interpolant (dynamic range and length) depends on Kohlenberg's sampling factor (1953) k, the relative delay between the uniform sampling streams. An elaboration on the disallowed discrete values of k shows that some allowed values are better than others for implementation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
5 Ghz lithium niobate MEMS resonators with high FoM of 153 (2017)

This paper reports on the demonstration of a new class of super-high frequency (SHF) microelectromechanical system (MEMS) resonators operating in the 5 GHz range. SHF resonances have been achieved using the first order antisymmetric (A1) mode, which features a phase velocity exceeding 10000 m/s in ion-sliced and suspended Z-cut Lithium Nio-bate (LiNbO3) thin films. The fabricated device has demonstrated a high electromechanical coupling (k <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) of 29% and a high quality factor (Q) of 527 simultaneously. Consequently, this work marks the first time that MEMS resonators at SHF were demonstrated with an extremely high figure of merit (FoM= kt <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> Q) of 153. The SHF operation and high FoM of these A1 mode devices have showcased their potential as the key building blocks for future SHF front-end filters and multiplexers.
In vivo hepatic gene therapy: complete albeit transient correction of factor IX deficiency in hemophilia B dogs. (1994)

Hemophilia B is a bleeding disorder caused by mutations in the factor IX gene. The disorder is X-linked recessive with a prevalence of about 1 in 30,000 Caucasian males. Factor IX is naturally synthesized in the liver and secreted into blood. Here we report the construction of recombinant adenoviral vectors containing the canine factor IX cDNA that are capable of transducing hepatocytes in mice at high efficiencies in vivo without partial hepatectomy. The recombinant viral vector was used to treat hemophilia B dogs by direct vector infusion into the portal vasculature of deficient animals. Plasma factor IX concentrations in the treated hemophilia B dogs increased from 0 to 300% of the level present in normal dogs, resulting in complete amelioration of the disease as demonstrated by normal blood coagulation and hemostatic measurements. Although plasma factor IX concentration started to decline after a few days, therapeutic levels of factor IX persisted for 1-2 months in the treated animals. The results validate the principle of in vivo hepatic gene delivery to reconstitute the genetic deficiency in a large animal model and suggest that gene therapy is achievable when long-acting vectors are developed.
The Determination of Small Surface Areas by Krypton Adsorption at Low Temperatures (1945)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Determination of Small Surface Areas by Krypton Adsorption at Low TemperaturesRalph A. Beebe, John B. Beckwith, and Jurgen M. HonigCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1945, 67, 9, 1554–1558Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1945Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1945https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01225a048https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01225a048research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views367Altmetric-Citations96LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts