gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
L-lysine-.alpha.-ketoglutarate aminotransferase. II. Purification, crystallization, and properties (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTL-lysine-.alpha.-ketoglutarate aminotransferase. II. Purification, crystallization, and propertiesKenji. Soda and Haruo. MisonoCite this: Biochemistry 1968, 7, 11, 4110–4119Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00851a046https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00851a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views198Altmetric-Citations46LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Small-molecule synergist of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway (2007)

The Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway regulates cell fate and behavior during embryogenesis, adult tissue homeostasis, and regeneration. When inappropriately activated, the pathway has been linked to colorectal cancer and melanoma, and when attenuated it may contribute to Alzheimer's disease and osteoporosis. Small molecules that modulate Wnt signaling will likely provide new insights into the regulation of this key developmental pathway and ultimately provide pharmacological agents to control Wnt signaling in vivo. To this end, we screened a library of 100,000 small molecules for activity in a cell-based assay of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling and discovered a purine derivative, QS11, that synergizes with Wnt-3a ligand in the activation of Wnt/beta-catenin signal transduction. Through affinity chromatography and subsequent functional assays, we showed that QS11 binds and inhibits the GTPase activating protein of ADP-ribosylation factor 1 (ARFGAP1), suggesting that QS11 modulates Wnt/beta-catenin signaling through an effect on protein trafficking. Consistent with its function as an ARFGAP inhibitor, QS11 inhibits migration of ARFGAP overexpressing breast cancer cells.
Chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells strike back (2016)

Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) are engineered molecules designed to endow a polyclonal T-cell population with the ability to recognize tumor-associated surface antigens. In their simplest form, CARs comprise a targeting moiety in the form of a single-chain variable fragment from an antibody connected to various intracellular signaling domains allowing for T-cell activation. This powerful approach combines the specificity of an antibody with the cytotoxic ability of a T cell. There has been much excitement since early phase trials of CAR-T cells targeting CD19 expressed on B-cell malignancies demonstrated remarkable efficacy in inducing long-term, stable remissions in otherwise relapsed/refractory disease. Despite these successes, we have just begun to understand the intricacies of CAR biology with efforts underway to utilize this platform in the treatment of other, previously refractory malignancies. Challenges currently include identification of viable cancer targets, management strategies for potentially severe and irreversible toxicities and overcoming the immunosuppressive nature of the tumor microenvironment. This review will focus on basic CAR structure and function, previous success and new approaches aimed at the broader application of CAR-T-cell therapy.
Development of Parthenogenetic and Cloned Ovine Embryos: Effect of Activation Protocols1 (1998)

Preliminary experiments carried out on ovine oocytes were designed to establish correlations between activation protocols and subsequent rates of embryonic development. The best activation protocols were thereafter used in studies on ovine parthenogenesis and cloning. The first study established that chemical activators induce pronuclear development at a slightly higher rate than physical activation (ionomycin, 96%; ethanol, 95%; electro activation, 80%). Inhibition of second polar body extrusion and one single pronucleus were observed in the majority of the oocytes (approximately 90%) treated for 3 h with 6-dimethylaminopurine (6-DMAP) following either ionomycin or ethanol activation. While over 80% of these oocytes cleaved after transfer to the oviducts of recipients, progression to the blastocyst stage was higher after ionomycin as compared with ethanol activation (58% vs. 19%). The ionomycin plus 6-DMAP activation protocol was used to produce parthenogenetic blastocysts whose subsequent development was monitored both by ultrasonography and by direct fetal examination. Over 70% of parthenogenotes were viable on Day 21 of pregnancy but dead by Day 25. The effects of 6-DMAP on nuclear remodeling and fetal development of cloned embryos was then investigated. Control cloned embryos underwent nuclear envelope breakdown (NEBD), premature chromatin condensation (PCC), and inhibition of DNA synthesis. By contrast, reconstructed embryos treated with 6-DMAP exhibited intact nuclear membranes, interphase chromatin, and no interference on DNA synthesis. Moreover, cloned embryos developed to blastocyst stage in higher percentage after 6-DMAP treatment (83% vs. 25%). We conclude that ionomycin followed by 6-DMAP incubation yields high percentages of diploid parthenogenetic embryos that develop to Day 25 before dying. Cloned embryos activated by the ionomycin-6-DMAP protocol develop readily to term.
Male osteoporosis (1997)

Log in or Register Get new issue alertsGet alerts Enter your Email address: Wolters Kluwer Health may email you for journal alerts and information, but is committed to maintaining your privacy and will not share your personal information without your express consent. For more information, please refer to our Privacy Policy. Subscribe to eTOC Secondary Logo Journal Logo All Articles Images Videos Podcasts Blogs Advanced Search Toggle navigation Register Login HomeCurrent IssuePrevious Issues Current Orthopaedic PracticeCurrent Opinion in Orthopaedics (1999-2007)Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research (1976-2007) Published Ahead-of-PrintCOP eNewsMy CollectionsJournal Info About the JournalEditorial BoardInformation for AuthorsAdvertisingOpen AccessSubscription ServicesReprintsRights and Permissions All Articles Images Videos Podcasts Blogs Advanced Search
Adaptive motion compensation for in vivo ultrasound temperature estimation (2013)

Recent works have shown promising results in in vivo temperature estimation using diagnostic ultrasound. By applying speckle tracking algorithm on the M2D images taken by a diagnostic probe positioned in the fenestration of a Dual Mode Ultrasound Array (DMUA), localized temperature changes during sub-therapeutic High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) operation can be detected. However, interference from natural motion and deformation of the tissue could result in severe errors in the estimated temperature profiles. Two-dimensional filtering inspired by the bio-heat equation was shown to partially mitigate these effects, but it is ineffective when the spatial frequencies of the deformations are within the same bandwidth of the temperature-induced strains. We present results of a new adaptive technique which is capable of largely suppressing the interference without sacrificing the dynamics of the temperature change. The method is based on finding points with strong deformation induced strains outside the targeted region before the therapy starts and training an adaptive filter with the signals from these points as it inputs. During the therapy, the strain data from selected points and trained coefficients are used to suppress the effect of natural motions using a spatial interference cancellation filter.
Characterization of a secreted form of measles virus haemagglutinin expressed from a vaccinia virus recombinant (1994)

The measles virus (MV) haemagglutinin (HA) is a class 2 glycoprotein by means of which the virus particle attaches to the host cell receptor. We have previously expressed this glycoprotein as a vaccinia recombinant virus and have shown that the HA glycoprotein synthesized is indistinguishable from that coded by MV. In the present study, we report that in RK13 cells a soluble form (sHA) of the HA is secreted into the medium. We show by SDS-PAGE and sucrose density gradient centrifugation that the sHA is a dimer and is smaller than the cell-associated form. Using a variety of inhibitors the production of sHA was shown to be a late event, probably occurring at the membrane; only fully glycosylated molecules were found in sHA. Finally, we demonstrate that sHA retains its antigenicity with conformation-dependent MAbs and its receptor recognition function. We conclude that sHA is a valuable tool for use in studies of the structure and function of the MV HA glycoprotein.
Predicting reflectance functions from complex surfaces (1992)

article Free Access Share on Predicting reflectance functions from complex surfaces Authors: Stephen H. Westin Program of Computer Graphics, Cornell University, Ithaca,NewYork Program of Computer Graphics, Cornell University, Ithaca,NewYorkView Profile , James R. Arvo Program of Computer Graphics, Cornell University, Ithaca,NewYork Program of Computer Graphics, Cornell University, Ithaca,NewYorkView Profile , Kenneth E. Torrance Program of Computer Graphics, Cornell University, Ithaca,NewYork Program of Computer Graphics, Cornell University, Ithaca,NewYorkView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGGRAPH Computer GraphicsVolume 26Issue 2July 1992 pp 255–264https://doi.org/10.1145/142920.134075Published:01 July 1992Publication History 264citation1,857DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations264Total Downloads1,857Last 12 Months94Last 6 weeks17 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Buried optical fibre pressure sensor for intrusion detection (2005)

Optical fibre pressure sensors offer a number of interesting properties for intrusion detection : active sensor, unsensitive to E.-M.I., analog response, potential low cost. We have tested several detection principles bending loss, speckle pattern variation, polarization changes in monomode fibres. For buried sensors, the latter, with ideal fibres, offer a good compromise between the advantages and drawbacks of the two other methods. Actual fibres however are subject to random polarization perturbations which can lead to important signal fading. The effects of these perturbations are analyzed. Extensive investigations have led to a new fibre conditioning and a new relatively simple (electro) optical configuration which should take care of most of the perturbations and, in the same time, appreciably improve the sensitivity (by a factor 10 to 100).
Thirteen-Week Oral Toxicity Study of l-Glutamine in Rats (2004)

L-Glutamine (Gln) is a semiessential amino acid used in enteral feeding in critically ill patients, and is contained in numerous dietary supplements available to the general public. This study evaluated toxicological effects of Gln in male and female Sprague-Dawley rats. Gln produced by Ajinomoto Co. (Tokyo, Japan) was incorporated into a standard diet at doses equal to 1.25%, 2.5%, and 5.0% (w/w), respectively. A control group of rats received only a standard diet. All diets were administered ad libitum for 13 consecutive weeks. To examine recoverability of any potential effects, the administration period was followed by a 5-week recovery period, during which only the standard diet was provided to all animals. Throughout the administration and recovery periods, no deaths were observed, and no changes in diet consumption, ophthalmologic findings, gross pathology, and histopathology were detected. Several changes in urine parameters (total protein, urine pH, and a positive incidence (+/-) of ketone bodies) were observed in the 2.5% and 5.0% groups at the end of the administration period. Minor increases were found in hematology parameters for the 5.0% group (platelet count, gamma-globulin, lactate dehydrogenase [LDH]), but all changes were within physiological range. No effects of administration were observed in the 1.25% group. The no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) for Gln was estimated at 1.25% for both genders (males 0.83 +/- 0.01 g/kg/day; females, 0.96 +/- 0.06 g/kg/day).
Molecular π pulses: Population inversion with positively chirped short pulses (2000)

Detailed theoretical analysis and numerical simulation indicate that nearly complete electronic population inversion of molecular systems can be achieved with intense positively chirped broadband laser pulses. To provide a simple physical picture, a two-level model is used to examine the condition for the so-called π pulses and a four-level model is designed to demonstrate for molecular systems the correlation between the sign of the chirp and the excited state population. The proposed molecular π pulse is the combined result of vibrational coherence in the femtosecond regime and adiabatic inversion in the picosecond regime. Numerical results for a displaced oscillator, for LiH and for I2, show that the proposed molecular π pulse scheme is robust with respect to changes in field parameters such as the linear positive chirp rate, field intensity, bandwidth, and carrier frequency, and is stable with respect to thermal and condensed phase conditions including molecular rotation, rovibronic coupling, and electronic dephasing.
Anomalous interaction of spectral modes in a semiconductor laser (1975)

Anomalous asymmetric interaction of the closely spaced spectral modes of a semiconductor laser is found experimentally in lasers with selective external cavities. The stimulated scattering of the laser radiation by dynamic inhomogeneities of the electron density is considered to be responsible for the anomalous mode interaction.
Attempts to convert chymotrypsin to trypsin (1996)

Trypsin and chymotrypsin have specificity pockets of essentially the same geometry, yet trypsin is specific for basic while chymotrypsin for bulky hydrophobic residues at the P1 site of the substrate. A model by Steitz, Henderson and Blow suggested the presence of a negative charge at site 189 as the major specificity determinant: Asp189 results in tryptic, while the lack of it chymotryptic specificity. However, recent mutagenesis studies have shown that a successful conversion of the specificity of trypsin to that of chymotrypsin requires the substitution of amino acids at sites 138, 172 and at thirteen other positions in two surface loops, that do not directly contact the substrate. For further testing the significance of these sites in substrate discrimination in trypsin and chymotrypsin, we tried to change the chymotrypsin specificity to trypsin-like specificity by introducing reverse substitutions in rat chymotrypsin. We report here that the specificity conversion is poor: the Ser189Asp mutation reduced the activity but the specificity remained chymotrypsin-like; on further substitutions the activity decreased further on both tryptic and chymotryptic substrates and the specificity was lost or became slightly trypsin-like. Our results indicate that in addition to structural elements already studied, further (chymotrypsin) specific sites have to be mutated to accomplish a chymotrypsin --> trypsin specificity conversion.
Atomic and electronic structure of the CoFeB∕MgO interface from first principles (2006)

First-principles calculations of the atomic and electronic structure of crystalline CoFeB∕MgO∕CoFeB magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) are performed to understand the effect of B on spin-dependent transport in these junctions. The authors find that it is energetically favorable for B atoms to reside at the crystalline CoFeB∕MgO interface rather than remain in the bulk of the crystalline CoFeB electrode. The presence of B at the interfaces is detrimental to tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) because it significantly suppresses the majority-channel conductance through states of Δ1 symmetry. Preventing B segregation to the interfaces during annealing should result in an enhanced TMR in CoFeB∕MgO∕CoFeB MTJs.
Measurement of Gene Expression by Multiplex Competitive Polymerase Chain Reaction (1993)

We have developed a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based method to measure glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) mRNA levels. Expression was measured by multiplex competitive PCR amplification of (a) cDNA from GSH-Px and the "housekeeping" gene glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and (b) two internal standards consisting of single-base mutants of GSH-Px and GAPDH cDNA that cause either a loss (GSH-Px) or a gain (GAPDH) of an EcoRI restriction endonuclease recognition site. RNA extracted from a human papillomavirus-immortalized human bronchial epithelial cell line (BEP2D) was reverse transcribed. Serial dilutions of cDNA were PCR amplified in the presence of GSH-Px and GAPDH primers and quantified amounts of mutated internal standards. The amplified DNA was restriction digested with EcoRI and electrophoresed on an agarose gel stained with ethidium bromide, separating native from mutated products. Densitometry was performed to quantitate the bands. Our studies demonstrate that this technique measures the relative expression of GSH-Px to GAPDH precisely and reproducibly for studies done with the same master mixture and dilution of internal standards. Ratios of relative gene expression varied less than 25% from the mean. This technique will be useful to measure changes in gene expression, particularly when the amount of study sample is limited or the level of gene expression is low.
Glutamine-based PET imaging facilitates enhanced metabolic evaluation of gliomas in vivo (2015)

Glucose and glutamine are the two principal nutrients that cancer cells use to proliferate and survive. Many cancers show altered glucose metabolism, which constitutes the basis for in vivo positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)F-FDG). However, (18)F-FDG is ineffective in evaluating gliomas because of high background uptake in the brain. Glutamine metabolism is also altered in many cancers, and we demonstrate that PET imaging in vivo with the glutamine analog 4-(18)F-(2S,4R)-fluoroglutamine ((18)F-FGln) shows high uptake in gliomas but low background brain uptake, facilitating clear tumor delineation. Chemo/radiation therapy reduced (18)F-FGln tumor avidity, corresponding with decreased tumor burden. (18)F-FGln uptake was not observed in animals with a permeable blood-brain barrier or neuroinflammation. We translated these findings to human subjects, where (18)F-FGln showed high tumor/background ratios with minimal uptake in the surrounding brain in human glioma patients with progressive disease. These data suggest that (18)F-FGln is avidly taken up by gliomas, can be used to assess metabolic nutrient uptake in gliomas in vivo, and may serve as a valuable tool in the clinical management of gliomas.
Proliferation of Esophageal Epithelial Cells Among Residents of Linxian, People's Republic of China (1987)

Histopathologic and tritiated thymidine labeling subjects were carried out on esophageal biopsy specimens of 44 human subjects with cytologic evidence of dysplasia from Linxian, People's Republic of China, a high-risk area for esophageal cancer. With the use of histopathologic criteria, 10 cases showed evidence of dysplasia, 20 hyperplasia, and 14 a near-normal morphology when compared with 21 normal cases studied previously from Jiaoxian, a low-risk area for esophageal cancer in the People's Republic of China. Significantly increased labeling indices were found in the esophageal mucosa of the dysplasia and hyperplasia subjects. There was a gradient of increased expansion in the basal layer of proliferating cells progressing from normal to hyperplasia to dysplasia, with the expansion twice as high in the epithelial cell lining in dysplasia when compared with the findings in the normal and near-normal groups. The correlation of proliferative abnormalities with the severity of precancerous lesions of the esophagus indicates that labeling studies may provide a sensitive adjunct to evaluate risk status and any modifications that might result from nutritional intervention.
Plasma Lipoprotein Induction and Suppression of the Generation of Cellular Procoagulant Activity In Vitro (1981)

In the process of analyzing the effects of lipoproteins on functions of lymphoid cells, it was observed that physiological concentrations of isolated human plasma lipoproteins possess varying capacities to rapidly enhance the expression of procoagulant activity of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro. In a strict dose-dependent fashion, very low density lipoprotein, intermediate density lipoprotein, and high density lipoprotein enhanced both the surface expression by viable cells and the total cellular content of procoagulant activity during a 6-h incubation. Very low density lipoprotein induced a maximal 6.7-fold increase in the expression of a thromboplastin activity, which was consistent with tissue factor, in that it was dependent on Factors VII, X, and II. Both intermediate density lipoprotein and high density lipoprotein induced approximately a 12-fold increase of a different procoagulant activity which appears to be a direct prothrombin activator. This prothrombinase was calcium dependent and was inhibited by 2.5 mM diisopropylfluorophosphate, but was not neutralized by anti-Factor X antibodies or by inhibitors of Factor Xa. In contrast to the other lipoprotein density classes, low density lipoprotein did not stimulate procoagulant activity, but instead actively suppressed the generation of the two procoagulant activities induced by the stimulatory lipoproteins. Suppression by low density lipoprotein was clearly evident at molar ratios of low density lipoprotein to stimulatory lipoproteins of 1:3 or less. Reconstitution of all lipoproteins to physiological concentrations was not stimulatory as a consequence of the suppressive effects of low density lipoprotein. These data indicate that isolated plasma lipoproteins are capable of regulating the expression of two different procoagulant activities of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro. The possibility that these interactions may be implicated in the association between certain types of hyperlipoproteinemias and thromboembolic disease merits study.
Merging Multiple Data Streams on Common Keys over High Performance Networks (2002)

The model for data mining on streaming data assumes that there is a buffer of fixed length and a data stream of infinite length and the challenge is to extract patterns, changes, anomalies, and statistically significant structures by examining the data one time and storing records and derived attributes of length less than N. As data grids, data webs, and semantic webs become more common, mining distributed streaming data will become more and more important. The first step when presented with two or more distributed streams is to merge them using a common key. In this paper, we present two algorithms for merging streaming data using a common key. We also present experimental studies showing these algorithms scale in practice to OC-12 networks.