gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Porcine proparathyroid hormone. Identification, biosynthesis, and partial amino acid sequence (1975)

Porcine parathyroid gland slices were incubated with 3H-labeled amino acids in order to label tissue proteins. After incubation a crude hormonal extract was prepared and analyzed by chromatography on carboxymethylcellulose. Among the three radioactive peaks which were detected in the eluate, two were identified as parathyroid hormone and proparathyroid hormone. Based on thin layer gel filtration in the presence of 6 M guanidine-HCl, the proparathyroid hormone had a molecular weight of 11,500 compared to about 9600 for parathyroid hormone. Radioisotope sequence analysis of the proparathyroid hormone revealed a partial sequence of: Lys1-Pro2-Ile3-Lys4-Lys5-Arg6-Ser7-Val8-Ser9--Ile11--Met14--Gly18--Ser22--Ser23---. Thus, from position 7 onward the relative position of each amino acid tested in this molecule corresponded exactly to that in the porcine parathyroid hormone sequence. The conservation of a similar, though not identical, basic hexapeptide grouping Lys-X-Y-Lys-Lys-Arg- at the amino terminal region of the prohormone in all species examined thus far (porcine, human, and bovine) suggests that this segment of the molecule may play an important role in the conversion of the prohormone to the hormone.
Transparent conductive oxides: Plasmonic materials for telecom wavelengths (2011)

We show that despite of low loss, silver and gold are not suitable for a variety of nanoplasmonic applications in the infrared range, which require compact modes in single-interface plasmonic waveguides. At the same time, degenerate wide-band-gap semiconductors can serve as high-quality plasmonic materials at telecom wavelengths, combining fairly high compactness and relatively low loss. Their plasmonic properties in the near-infrared can be compared to those of gold in the visible range. The same materials can be used in a variety of non-plasmonic metamaterials applications, including transformation optics and invisibility cloaking.
Inhibited skeletal muscle healing in cyclooxygenase-2 gene-deficient mice: the role of PGE2and PGF2α (2006)

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used to treat skeletal muscle injury. However, studies have shown that NSAIDs may be detrimental to the healing process. Mediated by prostaglandin F(2alpha) (PGF(2alpha)) and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)), the cycloxygenase-2 (COX-2) pathway plays an important role in muscle healing. We hypothesize that the COX-2 pathway is important for the fusion of muscle cells and the regeneration of injured muscle. For the in vitro experiments, we isolated myogenic precursor cells from wild-type (Wt) and COX-2 gene-deficient (COX-2(-/-)) mice and examined the effect of PGE(2) and PGF(2alpha) on cell fusion. For the in vivo experiments, we created laceration injury on the tibialis anterior (TA) muscles of Wt and COX-2(-/-) mice. Five and 14 days after injury, we examined the TA muscles histologically and functionally. We found that the secondary fusion between nascent myotubes and myogenic precursor cells isolated from COX-2(-/-) mice was severely compromised compared with that of Wt controls but was restored by the addition of PGF(2alpha) or, to a lesser extent, PGE(2) to the culture. Histological and functional assessments of the TA muscles in COX-2(-/-) mice revealed decreased regeneration relative to that observed in the Wt mice. The findings reported here demonstrate that the COX-2 pathway plays an important role in muscle healing and that prostaglandins are key mediators of the COX-2 pathway. It suggests that the decision to use NSAIDs to treat muscle injuries warrants critical evaluation because NSAIDs might impair muscle healing by inhibiting the fusion of myogenic precursor cells.
Moderate Hypothermia to Treat Perinatal Asphyxial Encephalopathy (2009)

Induction of moderate hypothermia for 72 hours in infants who had perinatal asphyxia did not significantly reduce the combined rate of death or severe disability but resulted in improved neurologic outcomes in survivors. (Current Controlled Trials number, ISRCTN89547571.)
Wideband mm-wave log-periodic antennas (2009)

Wideband mm-wave end-fire and planar log-periodic antennas compatible with a recently developed surface micromachined process known as PolyStrata™ are discussed in this paper. Two embodiments of each log-periodic type are developed. Specifically, an instantaneous 2–110GHz and a dual-band 18–50GHz and 75–110GHz planar log-periodic antennas with integrated rectangular micro-coaxial feeds/impedance transformers and VSWR ≪ 2.5:1 are designed. An instantaneous 18–110GHz and a dual-band 18–50GHz and 75–110GHz end-fire log-periodic dipole antennas with VSWR ≪ 1.5:1 are also demonstrated. The antennas and integrated feeds are modelled using a finite element code HFSS and are verified with a method of moments code FEKO or a finite integration code CST.
Estrogen Regulates the Synthesis of Epidermal Growth Factor in Mouse Uterine Epithelial Cells (1990)

Immunocytochemical analyses, using several mouse epidermal growth factor (EGF) polyclonal antibodies, detected immunoreactivity only in uterine luminal and glandular epithelia on late proestrus, estrus, and early on day 1 of pregnancy, but not late on day 1. This immunoreactivity was not detected in the ovariectomized uterus, but after estrogen stimulation it was detected first in the luminal epithelium between 12-24 h and then also in the glandular epithelium by 48 h. After 72 h of estrogen withdrawal, EGF immunoreactivity was no longer detected. This response was specific for estrogen and did not occur after progesterone injection (2 mg/day for 4 days). Using antipeptide antibodies specific for prepro-EGF, no immunoreactivity was detected in the ovariectomized uterus, weak reactivity was detected in the estrogenized uterus and submandibular gland, and strong reactivity was detected in the kidney. Northern blot analysis of uterine RNA failed to detect the expected 4.8-kilobase prepro-EGF mRNA, but, instead, a rare transcript of 2.4 kilobases was detected, which suggests that EGF mRNA is alternately processed in the uterus. The presence of an EGF-coding uterine transcript was further documented by hybridization of an EGF-coding region-specific oligodeoxyribonucleotide (oligo) to polymerase chain reaction-amplified uterine cDNA. In situ hybridization, using a prepro-EGF cRNA probe as well as an EGF-coding region-specific oligo, showed hybridization that colocalized with the EGF immunostaining (epithelia) and was absent from non-EGF-immunoreactive cells. Pulse labeling experiments coupled with immunoaffinity chromatography showed that estrogen induced an increase in the relative rate of synthesis of an acid-soluble immunoreactive protein which was the same size as authentic EGF. Furthermore, analysis of acid-soluble uterine proteins fractionated by DEAE-cellulose chromatography demonstrated a single coincident peak of antigenic activity and receptor-binding activity which coeluted from the column with authentic EGF. Electron microscopy localized EGF immunoreactivity to the Golgi of luminal epithelial cells. Taken together these results suggest that estrogen regulates expression of the EGF gene specifically in uterine epithelial cells. Increased expression of this gene results in an increase in the relative rate of synthesis of this protein and the accumulation of mature EGF.
A multifunctional gene (tetR) controls Tn10-encoded tetracycline resistance (1982)

The tetracycline resistance regulatory gene (tetR) of transposon Tn10 was analyzed by a combination of methods involving gene fusion and cloning. This gene is located on a 695-base pair HincII DNA fragment near the center of Tn10. The direction of transcription is opposite to that of neighboring gene tetA, which encodes the TetA protein. The gene product of the tetR gene (the TetR protein) has a molecular weight of 23,000. tet-R-lacZ gene fusions encode fusion beta-galactosidases that are membrane bound, indicating that the TetR protein itself is membrane associated. Mutants defective in tetR result in constitutive tetracycline resistance, but the level of resistance is reduced. Expression of the tetR gene is induced by tetracycline; in the absence of tetracycline, the TetR protein turns off its own synthesis.
Non-binary unitary error bases and quantum codes (1996)

Error operator bases for systems of any dimension are defined and natural generalizations of the bit-flip/ sign-change error basis for qubits are given. These bases allow generalizing the construction of quantum codes based on eigenspaces of Abelian groups. As a consequence, quantum codes can be constructed form linear codes over {ital Z}{sub {ital n}} for any {ital n}. The generalization of the punctured code construction leads to many codes which permit transversal (i.e. fault tolerant) implementations of certain operations compatible with the error basis.
Below the Mesophotic (2018)

Mesophotic coral ecosystems, which occur at depths of ~40 to 150 m, have received recent scientific attention as potential refugia for organisms inhabiting deteriorating shallow reefs. These ecosystems merit research in their own right, as they harbor both depth-generalist species and a distinctive reef-fish fauna. Reef ecosystems just below the mesophotic are globally underexplored, and the scant recent literature that mentions them often suggests that mesophotic ecosystems transition directly into those of the deep sea. Through submersible-based surveys in the Caribbean Sea, we amassed the most extensive database to date on reef-fish diversity between ~40 and 309 m at any single tropical location. Our data reveal a unique reef-fish assemblage living between ~130 and 309 m that, while taxonomically distinct from shallower faunas, shares strong evolutionary affinities with them. Lacking an existing name for this reef-faunal zone immediately below the mesophotic but above the deep aphotic, we propose "rariphotic." Together with the "altiphotic," proposed here for the shallowest reef-faunal zone, and the mesophotic, the rariphotic is part of a depth continuum of discrete faunal zones of tropical reef fishes, and perhaps of reef ecosystems in general, all of which warrant further study in light of global declines of shallow reefs.
Thiophosphate analogs of nucleoside di- and triphosphates (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThiophosphate analogs of nucleoside di- and triphosphatesR. S. Goody and F. EcksteinCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1971, 93, 23, 6252–6257Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00752a042https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00752a042research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views958Altmetric-Citations139LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Vasopressin System (2006)

Vasopressin, synthesized in the hypothalamus, is released by increased plasma osmolality, decreased arterial pressure, and reductions in cardiac volume. Three subtypes of vasopressin receptors, V1, V2, and V3, have been identified, mediating vasoconstriction, water reabsorption, and central nervous system effects, respectively. Vasopressin and its analogs have been studied intensively for the treatment of states of "relative vasopressin deficiency," such as sepsis, vasodilatory shock, intraoperative hypotension, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Infusion of vasopressin (0.01-0.04 U/min) decreases catecholamine requirements in patients with sepsis and other types of vasodilatory shock. Bolus application of 1 mg terlipressin, the V1 agonist, reverses refractory hypotension in anesthetized patients and has been studied in patients with septic shock and chronic liver failure. During cardiopulmonary resuscitation, a 40-U bolus dose of vasopressin may be considered to replace the first or second bolus of epinephrine regardless of the initial rhythm. The side effects of vasopressin and its analogs must be further characterized.
Content-preserving warps for 3D video stabilization (2009)

We describe a technique that transforms a video from a hand-held video camera so that it appears as if it were taken with a directed camera motion. Our method adjusts the video to appear as if it were taken from nearby viewpoints, allowing 3D camera movements to be simulated. By aiming only for perceptual plausibility, rather than accurate reconstruction, we are able to develop algorithms that can effectively recreate dynamic scenes from a single source video. Our technique first recovers the original 3D camera motion and a sparse set of 3D, static scene points using an off-the-shelf structure-from-motion system. Then, a desired camera path is computed either automatically (e.g., by fitting a linear or quadratic path) or interactively. Finally, our technique performs a least-squares optimization that computes a spatially-varying warp from each input video frame into an output frame. The warp is computed to both follow the sparse displacements suggested by the recovered 3D structure, and avoid deforming the content in the video frame. Our experiments on stabilizing challenging videos of dynamic scenes demonstrate the effectiveness of our technique.
Melanoma Therapy via Peptide-Targeted α-Radiation (2005)

Treatment of B16/F1 murine melanoma-bearing mice with (212)Pb[DOTA]-Re(Arg(11))CCMSH significantly decreased tumor growth rates resulting in extended mean survival times, and in many cases, complete remission of disease. (212)Pb-DOTA-Re(Arg(11))CCMSH seems to be a very promising radiopharmaceutical for targeted radionuclide therapy of melanoma.
Mode of DNA Binding of Bis-Benzimidazoles and Related Structures Studied by Electric Linear Dichroism (1994)

The binding mode of a series of bis-benzimidazole analogues of Hoechst 33258 to a variety of DNAs and polynucleotides has been investigated by electric linear dichroism. Two groups of compounds were examined: (i) benzoxazole and pyridoimidazole derivatives and (ii) pyridoimidazole analogs substituted with an N-alkoxyalkyl group either directed towards the minor groove or directed away from the minor groove. The ELD data indicate that the mode of binding of these drugs varies significantly with the sequence of the target DNA sequence. The DNA binding properties of these drugs are related to their topoisomerase inhibitory properties.
Absolute bioavailability and regional absorption of ticagrelor in healthy volunteers (2014)

The mean absolute bioavailability of ticagrelor was 36% and the proportion of ticagrelor absorbed decreased the further down the GI tract it was released: the mean AUC for ticagrelor was 89% (proximal small bowel), 73% (distal small bowel), and 32% (ascending colon) that of the mean AUC for the orally administered suspension.
Blueberry Supplementation Improves Memory in Older Adults (2010)

The prevalence of dementia is increasing with expansion of the older adult population. In the absence of effective therapy, preventive approaches are essential to address this public health problem. Blueberries contain polyphenolic compounds, most prominently anthocyanins, which have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. In addition, anthocyanins have been associated with increased neuronal signaling in brain centers, mediating memory function as well as improved glucose disposal, benefits that would be expected to mitigate neurodegeneration. This study investigated the effects of daily consumption of wild blueberry juice in a sample of nine older adults with early memory changes. At 12 weeks, improved paired associate learning (p = 0.009) and word list recall (p = 0.04) were observed. In addition, there were trends suggesting reduced depressive symptoms (p = 0.08) and lower glucose levels (p = 0.10). We also compared the memory performances of the blueberry subjects with a demographically matched sample who consumed a berry placebo beverage in a companion trial of identical design and observed comparable results for paired associate learning. The findings of this preliminary study suggest that moderate-term blueberry supplementation can confer neurocognitive benefit and establish a basis for more comprehensive human trials to study preventive potential and neuronal mechanisms.
Improved therapeutic benefits of doxorubicin by entrapment in anionic liposomes. (1983)

When used as drug carriers, anionic liposomes can reduce the chronic cardiac toxicity and increase the antileukemic activity of doxorubicin (DXN; Adriamycin). Continuing investigations, reported here, have now established the therapeutic benefits of this mode of drug delivery. Liposome encapsulation caused a prolonged elevation in DXN plasma levels and a 2-fold reduction in the exposure of cardiac tissue to the drug. This reduction, however, was not proportional to the substantial decrease in chronic heart toxicity observed in the earlier study. In vivo studies have demonstrated that the entrapped drug retains its full activity against Sarcoma 180 and significantly increases its action against Lewis lung carcinoma, as measured by reduced tumor volume. The increased antineoplastic activity was again not proportional to the increased association of drug with tumor tissue. The effect of liposome entrapment on the immune-suppressive activity of DXN was also examined to determine if factors other than the direct delivery of drug to tumor tissue might improve the therapeutic response. The suppression of the humoral immune response and peripheral leukocyte counts by free DXN was nearly abolished when the drug was administered in the liposome form. These experiments suggest that the improved therapeutic effect of encapsulation may be the outcome of three different mechanisms: (a) altered disposition into subcellular compartments, which reduces cardiotoxicity; (b) increased plasma drug exposure to tumor cells; and (c) significant reduction in the immune suppressive activity of DXN.
Improved boosting algorithms using confidence-rated predictions (1998)

We describe several improvements to Freund and Schapire‘s AdaBoost boosting algorithm, particularly in a setting in which hypotheses may assign confidences to each of their predictions. We give a simplified analysis of AdaBoost in this setting, and we show how this analysis can be used to find improved parameter settings as well as a refined criterion for training weak hypotheses. We give a specific method for assigning confidences to the predictions of decision trees, a method closely related to one used by Quinlan. This method also suggests a technique for growing decision trees which turns out to be identical to one proposed by Kearns and Mansour. We focus next on how to apply the new boosting algorithms to multiclass classification problems, particularly to the multi-label case in which each example may belong to more than one class. We give two boosting methods for this problem, plus a third method based on output coding. One of these leads to a new method for handling the single-label case which is simpler but as effective as techniques suggested by Freund and Schapire. Finally, we give some experimental results comparing a few of the algorithms discussed in this paper.
Plasmid-Located Pathogenicity Determinants of Serratia entomophila , the Causal Agent of Amber Disease of Grass Grub, Show Similarity to the Insecticidal Toxins of Photorhabdus luminescens (2000)

Serratia entomophila and Serratia proteamaculans cause amber disease in the grass grub Costelytra zealandica (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), an important pasture pest in New Zealand. Larval disease symptoms include cessation of feeding, clearance of the gut, amber coloration, and eventual death. A 115-kb plasmid, pADAP, identified in S. entomophila is required for disease causation and, when introduced into Escherichia coli, enables that organism to cause amber disease. A 23-kb fragment of pADAP that conferred disease-causing ability on E. coli and a pADAP-cured strain of S. entomophila was isolated. Using insertion mutagenesis, the pathogenicity determinants were mapped to a 17-kb region of the clone. Sequence analysis of the 17-kb region showed that the predicted products of three of the open reading frames (sepA, sepB, and sepC) showed significant sequence similarity to components of the insecticidal toxin produced by the bacterium Photorhabdus luminescens. Transposon insertions in sepA, sepB, or sepC completely abolished both gut clearance and cessation of feeding on the 23-kb clone; when recombined back into pADAP, they abolished gut clearance but not cessation of feeding. These results suggest that SepA, SepB, and SepC together are sufficient for amber disease causation by S. entomophila and that another locus also able to exert a cessation-of-feeding effect is encoded elsewhere on pADAP.
CD58; leucocyte function adhesion-3 (LFA-3) could be used as a differentiating marker between immune and non-immune thyroid disorders (2018)

The link between Graves' disease (GD) and Hashimoto<sup>'</sup>s thyroiditis (HT) has been debated for decades due to the shared pathological and immunological components. Immune intolerance and inappropriate immune reaction against self-thyroid cells are distinctive features of both diseases, but definitive data for the clinical presentation of autoimmune thyroid disease remains unclear. To analyse the expression of T-regulatory cells, CD58, the CD4/CD8 ratio and the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and to determine if these parameters could be used as differentiating markers between auto- and non-immune thyroid diseases, 75 patients were enrolled in this study-40 with autoimmune thyroid disease (HT and GD ), 15 with non-immune thyroid disease, and 20 healthy controls. Multicolour flow cytometry was used to analyse CD58, T-regulatory cells (Treg) expressing CD4, CD25, HLA-DR and CD8 using different stained fluorescent labelled monoclonal antibodies. The neutrophils and lymphocyte ratio was also measured. Lower expression of Treg with higher expression of CD58 (LFA-3) was found in the autoimmune diseases when compared with the non-immune and control groups. ROC analysis showed that CD58 with sensitivity 88% and specificity 100% with cut-off value more than or equal to 29.9 indicates Hashimoto's disease, while lower value indicates colloid goitre, and higher or equal to 29.84 indicates Graves' disease and lower indicates colloid goitre with 100% sensitivity and specificity. CD58 could be used as differentiating marker between immune and non-immune thyroid disorders.