gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electrophoretic transport of spheroidal colloids in nonhomogeneous electric fields (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectrophoretic transport of spheroidal colloids in nonhomogeneous electric fieldsYuri Solomentsev and John L. AndersonCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1995, 34, 10, 3231–3238Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00037a008https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00037a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views150Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A review and comparison of rule languages and rule-based inference engines for the Semantic Web (2013)

With the Semantic Web data standards defined, more applications demand inference engines in providing support for intelligent processing of the Semantic Web data. Rule-based inference engines or rule-based reasoners are used in many domains such as supporting clinical decision support system, e-commerce recommender system, access control mechanism. In order to allow rule reuse and interoperation, several rule languages have been designed for the Web. In this paper, we review and compare some rule languages designed for the Web including FOL-RuleML, SWRL, Notation3, Jena rules and RIF. Some of the comparison criteria include rule expressiveness, syntax, production operations, and built-in functions. In addition, we review and compare some free and public domain rule-based reasoners including Jena inference engine, EYE, OWLIM-lite, BaseVISor and FuXi. Some of the comparison criteria include inference algorithms, supported programming languages, RDFS/OWL reasoning, rule languages and functions. The review and comparison results will provide some guideline for researchers and developers in choosing the rule languages and systems that match the application requirements.
Detection and Analysis of Chimeric Tertiary Structures by Backbone Thioester Exchange: Packing of an α Helix against an α/β‐Peptide Helix (2009)

Backbone thioester exchange is used to explore a fundamental type of protein–foldamer packing motif, the association of an α helix and an α/β-peptide foldameric helix, which is analogous to an antiparallel coiled-coil tertiary structure in a pure α-residue backbone. Side-chain packing preferences at this chimeric tertiary interface are comparable to those that determine pairing propensities among antiparallel α helices. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Evidence that cathelicidin peptide LL‐37 may act as a functional ligand for CXCR2 on human neutrophils (2009)

LL-37, derived from human cathelicidin, stimulates immune responses in neutrophils. Although FPR2 and P2X7 were proposed as LL-37 receptors, we have shown that among 21 neutrophil receptors only CXCR2 was down-regulated by LL-37. LL-37 functions similarly to CXCR2-specific chemokines CXCL1 and CXCL7 in terms of receptor down-regulation and intracellular calcium mobilization on freshly isolated neutrophils. Neutrophils pretreated with CXCL8, a chemokine that binds both CXCR1/2, completely blocked the calcium mobilization in response to LL-37, while LL-37 also partially inhibited (125)I-CXCL8 binding to neutrophils. SB225002, a selective CXCR2 antagonist, blocked LL-37-induced calcium mobilization and migration of neutrophils. LL-37 stimulates calcium mobilization in CXCR2-transfected HEK293 cells, CXCR2(+) THP-1 cells and monocytes, but not in CXCR1-transfected HEK293 cells. WKYMVm peptide (ligand for FPR2) does not block LL-37-stimulated calcium flux in either THP-1 (FPR2(-)) or monocytes (FPR2(high)), further confirming the specificity of LL-37 for CXCR2 and not FPR2. Among all ligands tested (ATP, BzATP, WKYMVm, CXCL1, and LL-37), only LL-37 stimulated migration of monocytes (CXCR2(+) and FPR2(+)) and migration was inhibited by the CXCR2 inhibitor SB225002. Moreover, CXCR2 but not CXCR1 was internalized in LL-37-treated neutrophils. Thus, our data provide evidence that LL-37 may act as a functional ligand for CXCR2 on human neutrophils.
Primary tumor cells of myeloma patients induce interleukin-6 secretion in long-term bone marrow cultures (1994)

Long-term bone marrow cultures (LTBMC) from patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and normal donors were analyzed for immunophenotype and cytokine production. Both LTBMC adherent cells from myeloma and normal donor origin expressed CD10, CD13, the adhesion molecules CD44, CD54, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, very late antigen 2 (VLA-2), and VLA- 5, and were positive for extracellular matrix components fibronectin, laminin, and collagen types 3 and 4. LTBMC from myeloma patients and normal donors spontaneously secreted interleukin-6 (IL-6). However, levels of IL-6 correlated with the stage of disease; highest levels of IL-6 were found in LTBMC from patients with active myeloma. To identify the origin of IL-6 production, LTBMC from MM patients and normal donors were cocultured with BM-derived myeloma cells and cells from myeloma cell lines. IL-6 was induced by plasma cell lines that adhered to LTBMC such as ARH-77 and RPMI-8226, but not by nonadhering cell lines U266 and FRAVEL. Myeloma cells strongly stimulated IL-6 secretion in cocultures with LTBMC adherent cells from normal donors and myeloma patients. When direct cellular contact between LTBMC and plasma cells was prevented by tissue-culture inserts, no IL-6 production was induced. This implies that intimate cell-cell contact is a prerequisite for IL-6 induction. Binding of purified myeloma cells to LTBMC adherent cells was partly inhibited by monoclonal antibodies against adhesion molecules VLA-4, CD44, and lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1) present on the plasma cell. Antibodies against VLA-4, CD29, and LFA-1 also inhibited the induced IL-6 secretion in plasma cell-LTBMC cocultures. In situ hybridization studies performed before and after coculture with plasma cells indicated that LTBMC adherent cells produce the IL-6. These results suggest that the high levels of IL-6 found in LTBMC of MM patients with active disease are a reflection of their previous contact with tumor cells in vivo. These results provide a new perspective on tumor growth in MM and emphasize the importance of plasma cell-LTBMC interaction in the pathophysiology of MM.
Heterocyclic amplifiers of phleomycin. I. Some pyrimidinylpurines, pyrimidinylpteridines and phenylpyrimidines (1984)

Synthetic routes are described to 5,6-diamino-2,4'-bipyrimidin-4-ones and thence to 2-(pyrimidin-4'-yl)purines and 2-(pyrimidin-4'-yl)pteridines, some of which bear a sulfur- or nitrogen-linked basic side chain; also reported are routes to a series of phenyl- and diphenyl-pyrimidines, to each of which is attached a similar sulfur-, nitrogen-, or oxygen-linked side chain. Members of all the above systems show activity as amplifiers of phleomycin in a bacterial screen but the phenylpyrimidines with a sulfur-linked side chain are especially active.
Non-Linear Point Distribution Modelling using a Multi-Layer Perceptron. (1995)

Objects of the same class sometimes exhibit variation in shape. This shape variation has previously been modelled by means of point distribution models (PDMs) in which there is a linear relationship between a set of shape parameters and the positions of points on the shape. A polynomial regression generalization of PDMs, which succeeds in capturing certain forms of non-linear shape variability, has also been described. Here we present a new form of PDM, which uses a multi-layer perceptron to carry out non-linear principal component analysis. We compare the performance of the new model with that of the existing models on two classes of variable shape: one exhibits bending, and the other exhibits complete rotation. The linear PDM fails on both classes of shape; the polynomial regression model succeeds for the first class of shapes but fails for the second; the new multi-layer perceptron model performs well for both classes of shape. The new model is the most general formulation for PDMs which has been proposed to date.
When is multi-version checkpointing needed? (2013)

The scaling of semiconductor technology and increasing power concerns combined with system scale make fault management a growing concern in high performance computing systems. Greater variety of errors, higher error rates, longer detection intervals, and "silent" errors are all expected. Traditional checkpointing models and systems assume that error detection is nearly immediate and thus preserving a single checkpoint is sufficient for resilience. We define a richer model for future systems that captures the reality of latent errors, i.e. errors that go undetected for some time, and use it to derive optimal checkpoint intervals for systems with latent errors. With that model, we explore the importance of multi-version checkpoint systems. Our results highlight the limits of single checkpoint systems, showing that two to more than a dozen checkpoints may be needed to achieve acceptable error coverage. Further, to achieve reasonable system efficiency, multiple versions (two to seventeen) may be needed. We study several specific exascale machine scenarios, and the results show that two checkpoints are always beneficial, but when checkpoint overheads are reduced, as many as three checkpoints are beneficial.
Immortalization of human lymphocytes by Epstein-Barr virus. (1983)

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) confers upon normal lymphocytes derived from bone marrow the ability to proliferate indefinitely in a test tube. This process, called immortalization, is crucial to the pathogenesis of EBV infections. Inside the immortalized lymphocyte the EBV genome exists as a complete multicopy circular plasmid which is probably not integrated into the cell chromosome. Most of the viral genetic information is not expressed. However, at least six to eight separate regions of the EBV genome encode viral products which are made in the immortalized cell. The identification of the function of these few genes holds some interesting answers to questions concerning the biochemical mechanisms of control of lymphocyte growth and differentiation.
Recent progress in developing highly efficient nonlinear optical chromophores and side-chain dendronized polymers for electro-optics (2003)

Recent progress in developing high-performance nonlinear optical chromophores and polymers for electro-optics is reviewed. Using the single-mode focused microwave irradiation, a diversified family of 2,5-dihydrofuran derivatives has been synthesized as a new class of tunable electron acceptors. Very large r33 values (128 and 116 pm/V at 1.3 &mu;m) have been demonstrated by doping one of the 2-dicyanomethylen-3-cyano-4,5,-dimethyl-5-trifluoromethyl-2,5-dihydrofuran (CF3-TCF)-based chromophores in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and a high T<sub>g</sub> polyquinoline (PQ-100), respectively. An excellent long-term temporal stability at 85&deg;C has also been maintained in the PQ system. Two side-chain dendronized NLO polymers have been synthesized. Using a mild, simple, and generally applicable post-functionalization method, highly polarizable chromophores with dendritic modification has been covalently attached to side chains of poly(4-hydroxystryene). This approach provides the combined advantages of achieving better poling efficiency through the dendritic effect and shortening the development time required for E-O dendrimer synthesis. Systematic property comparison between these polymers and other conventional NLO polymers, such as guest-host and simple side-chain polymers, has been performed. Exceptionally high poling efficiency (a very large E-O coefficient of 97 pm/V at 1.3 &mu;m) and good temporal stability at room temperature were dmeonstrated in this dendronized side-chain polymer system.
Phosphorylation of synthetic peptides by a tyrosine protein kinase from the particulate fraction of a lymphoma cell line. (1982)

The particulate fraction from a lymphoma cell line, LSTRA, was found to contain an apparent high level of tyrosine protein kinase activity. When this fraction was incubated with [gamma-32P]ATP in the presence of 10 mM MnCl2, hydrolyzed, and assayed, 70--80% of the radioactivity recovered in phosphoamino acids was in phosphotyrosine. Gel electrophoresis of the proteins showed that a large portion of the 32P was in a single protein with a molecular weight of approximately 58,000. The phosphorylated residue in this protein was identified as phosphotyrosine. Detergent extracts of the particulate fraction from LSTRA cells contained both the Mr 58,000 protein and the enzyme responsible for its phosphorylation. These extracts were found to catalyze the phosphorylation of the tyrosine residue in the synthetic peptide, Ile-Glu-Asp-Asn-Glu-Tyr-Thr-Ala-Arg-Gln-Gly, corresponding to the sequence around the tyrosine that is phosphorylated in pp60src; the Km for the peptide in this reaction was 5 mM. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to assay for this phosphorylation. A second peptide was synthesized that contained two additional arginine residues whose presence permitted the phosphorylation of the peptide to be measured by a simple assay using phosphocellulose paper. The Km for this peptide was 3--4 mM, indicating that the presence of the additional arginine residues did not alter the apparent affinity of the kinase for the peptide.
The Price of Sight — Ranibizumab, Bevacizumab, and the Treatment of Macular Degeneration (2006)

Interview with Frederick L. Ferris III on ranibizumab (Lucentis) and bevacizumab (Avastin) for age-related macular degeneration. (06:33)Download On June 30, 2006, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved ranibizumab — which is manufactured by Genentech and marketed as Lucentis — for the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Ranibizumab is a fragment of a recombinant monoclonal antibody (see Figure 1) that binds to and inhibits all the biologically active forms of vascular endothelial growth factor A. Administered by injection into the vitreous cavity (see Figure 2), ranibizumab prevents vision loss and improves visual acuity, with few serious adverse effects (as indicated in the reports by Rosenfeld et al. and Brown et al. in this issue of the Journal, pages . . .
Emergence of a Highly Fit SARS-CoV-2 Variant (2020)

Vaccinating against SARS-CoV-2 Early in the spread of SARS-CoV-2, the virus mutated, and the mutant form is now the most prevalent genotype worldwide. The vaccines currently being tested in clinica...
Management of inflammatory bowel disease. (1998)

Patients with an inflammatory bowel disease, such as ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease, have recurrent symptoms with considerable morbidity. Patient involvement and education are necessary components of effective management. Mild disease requires only symptomatic relief and dietary manipulation. Mild to moderate disease can be managed with 5-aminosalicylic acid compounds, including olsalazine and mesalamine. Mesalamine enemas and suppositories are useful in treating proctosigmoiditis. Antibiotics such as metronidazole may be required in patients with Crohn's disease. Corticosteroids are beneficial in patients with more severe symptoms, but side effects limit their use, particularly for chronic therapy. Immunosuppressant therapy may be considered in patients with refractory disease that is not amenable to surgery. Inflammatory bowel disease in pregnant women can be managed with 5-aminosalicylic acid compounds and corticosteroids. Since longstanding inflammatory bowel disease (especially ulcerative colitis) is associated with an increased risk of colon cancer, periodic colonoscopy is warranted.
Past and future of wearable augmented reality displays and their applications (2014)

A wearable augmented reality (AR) display enables the ability to overlay computer-generated imagery on a person’s real-world view and it has long been portrayed as a transformative technology to redefine the way we perceive and interact with digital information. In this paper, I will provide an overview on my research group’s past development efforts in augmented reality display technologies and applications and discuss key technical challenges and opportunities for future developments.
The strategic significance of the process model (1994)

Abstract The paper sets business‐process re‐engineering in the total business context by means of a simple model The model enables managers to identify and modify processes where tangible benefits can be obtained and it promotes effective corporate control The model is a powerful tool for formulating strategy and can easily be applied to alternative business boundaries The approach supports the specification of information systems and the design of management reports .
Aquaporins: Phylogeny, Structure, and Physiology of Water Channels (1999)

How water permeates cellular membranes and what this means for cell functioning and several diseases are now emerging from the study of the aquaporins (AQPs), the water channel family. A combination of sequence analysis, three-dimensional structure determination, and physiology of the AQP family proteins provides a glimpse into the workings of water channels.
The RIM/NIM Family of Neuronal C2 Domain Proteins (2000)

RIM1 is a putative effector protein for Rab3s, synaptic GTP-binding proteins. RIM1 is localized close to the active zone at the synapse, where it interacts in a GTP-dependent manner with Rab3 located on synaptic vesicles. We now describe a second RIM protein, called RIM2, that is highly homologous to RIM1 and also expressed primarily in brain. Like RIM1, RIM2 contains an N-terminal zinc finger domain that binds to Rab3 as a function of GTP, a central PDZ domain, and two C-terminal C(2) domains that are separated by long alternatively spliced sequences. Unexpectedly, the 3'-end of the RIM2 gene produces an independent mRNA that encodes a smaller protein referred as NIM2. NIM2 is composed of a unique N-terminal sequence followed by the C-terminal part of RIM2. Data bank searches identified a third RIM/NIM-related gene, which encodes a NIM isoform referred to as NIM3; no RIM transcript from this gene was detected. To test if NIMs, like RIMs, may function in secretion, we investigated the effect of NIM3 on calcium-triggered exocytosis in PC12 cells. NIM3 induced a dramatic increase in calcium-evoked exocytosis (50%), with no significant effect on base-line release, suggesting that NIMs, like RIMs, regulate exocytosis The combination of conserved and variable sequences in RIMs and NIMs indicates that the individual domains of these proteins provide binding sites for interacting molecules during exocytosis, as shown for the zinc finger domain of RIM, which binds to GTP-bound Rab3s. To search for additional interacting proteins for RIMs, we employed yeast two-hybrid screens with the C-terminal half of RIM1. Two members of a new family of homologous brain proteins, referred to as RIM-binding proteins (RIM-BPs), were identified. RIM-BPs bind to RIM in yeast two-hybrid and GST pull-down assays, suggesting a specific interaction. In RIMs, the binding site for RIM-BPs consists of a conserved proline-rich sequence between the two C(2) domains, N-terminal to the beginning of NIMs. RIM-BPs are composed of multiple domains, including three fibronectin type III-domains and three Src homology 3 domains, of which the second Src homology 3 domain binds to RIMs. With the RIM-BPs, we have identified a partner for RIMs that may bind to RIMs at the synapse in addition to Rab3.
The Chemical Composition of Wood (1984)

This chapter includes overall chemical composition of wood, methods of analysis, structure of hemicellulose components and degree of polymerization of carbohydrates. Tables of data are compiled for woods of several countries. Components include: cellulose (Cross and Bevan, holo-, and alpha-), lignin, pentosans, and ash. Solubilities in 1% sodium hydroxide, hot water, ethanol/benzene, and ether are reported. The data were collected at Forest Products Laboratory (Madison, Wisconsin) from 1927-68 and were previously unpublished. These data include both United States and foreign woods. Previously published data include compositions of woods from Borneo, Brazil, Cambodia, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ghana, Japan, Mexico, Mozambique, Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, Puerto Rico, Taiwan, and the USSR. Data from more detailed analyses are presented for common temperate-zone woods and include the individual sugar composition (as glucan, xylan, galactan, arabinan, and mannan), uronic anhydride, acetyl, lignin, and ash.
Recent Advances in Cyclopropene Chemistry (2006)

In this review, a brief outline of synthetic methods toward cyclopropenes is provided. Main emphasis is placed on transformations of cyclopropenes proceeding with preservation of the ring, with a spotlight on recent developments in this area.
Native-oxide masked impurity-induced layer disordering of AlxGa1−xAs quantum well heterostructures (1991)

Data are presented showing that the native oxide that can be formed on high Al composition AlxGa1−xAs (x≳0.7) confining layers on AlyGa1−yAs-AlzGa1−zAs (y≳z) superlattices or quantum well heterostructures serves as an effective mask against impurity diffusion (Zn or Si), and thus against impurity-induced layer disordering. The high quality native oxide is produced by the conversion of high Al composition AlxGa1−xAs (x≳0.7) confining layers, which can be grown on a variety of heterostructures, via H2O vapor oxidation (≳400 °C) in an N2 carrier gas.