gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Efficient Far-Field Radio Frequency Energy Harvesting for Passively Powered Sensor Networks (2008)

An RF-DC power conversion system is designed to efficiently convert far-field RF energy to DC voltages at very low received power and voltages. Passive rectifier circuits are designed in a 0.25 mum CMOS technology using floating gate transistors as rectifying diodes. The 36-stage rectifier can rectify input voltages as low as 50 mV with a voltage gain of 6.4 and operates with received power as low as 5.5 muW(22.6 dBm). Optimized for far field, the circuit operates at a distance of 44 m from a 4 W EIRP source. The high voltage range achieved at low load current make it ideal for use in passively powered sensor networks.
A Dysregulated Endocannabinoid-Eicosanoid Network Supports Pathogenesis in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease (2012)

Although inflammation in the brain is meant as a defense mechanism against neurotoxic stimuli, increasing evidence suggests that uncontrolled, chronic and persistent inflammation contributes to neurodegeneration. Most neurodegenerative diseases have now been associated with chronic inflammation, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Whether anti-inflammatory approaches can be used to treat AD, however, is a major unanswered question. We recently demonstrated that monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) hydrolyzes endocannabinoids to generate the primary arachidonic acid pool for neuroinflammatory prostaglandins. In this study, we show that genetic inactivation of MAGL attenuates neuroinflammation and lowers amyloid βlevels and plaques, in an AD mouse model. We also find that pharmacological blockade of MAGL recapitulates the cytokine lowering effects through reduced prostaglandin production, rather than enhanced endocannabinoid signaling. Our findings thus reveal a heretofore unrecognized role of MAGL in modulating neuroinflammation and amyloidosis in AD etiology, and put forth MAGL inhibitors as a potential next-generation strategy for combatting AD.
Endothelial nitric oxide synthase: a potential therapeutic target for cerebrovascular diseases (2016)

Endothelial nitric oxide (NO) is a significant signaling molecule that regulates cerebral blood flow (CBF), playing a pivotal role in the prevention and treatment of cerebrovascular diseases. However, achieving the expected therapeutic efficacy is difficult using direct administration of NO donors. Therefore, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) becomes a potential therapeutic target for cerebrovascular diseases. This review summarizes the current evidence supporting the importance of CBF to cerebrovascular function, and the roles of NO and eNOS in CBF regulation.
The NIMH Research Domain Criteria Initiative: Background, Issues, and Pragmatics (2016)

This article describes the National Institute of Mental Health's Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) initiative. The description includes background, rationale, goals, and the way the initiative has been developed and organized. The central RDoC concepts are summarized and the current matrix of constructs that have been vetted by workshops of extramural scientists is depicted. A number of theoretical and methodological issues that can arise in connection with the nature of RDoC constructs are highlighted: subjectivism and heterophenomenology, desynchrony and theoretical neutrality among units of analysis, theoretical reductionism, endophenotypes, biomarkers, neural circuits, construct "grain size," and analytic challenges. The importance of linking RDoC constructs to psychiatric clinical problems is discussed. Some pragmatics of incorporating RDoC concepts into applications for NIMH research funding are considered, including sampling design.
Bofutsushosan, a Japanese herbal (Kampo) medicine, attenuates progression of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in mice (2013)

BTS through induction of adiponectin signaling and Akt attenuated development of NASH. Identification of the active entity in BTS should allow development of novel treatments for NASH.
Tn5099, a xylE promoter probe transposon for Streptomyces spp (1991)

Tn5099, a promoter probe transposon for Streptomyces spp., was constructed by inserting a promoterless xylE gene and a hygromycin resistance gene into IS493. Tn5099 transposed into different sites in the Streptomyces griseofuscus genome, and the xylE reporter gene was expressed in some of the transposition mutants. Strains containing Tn5099 insertions that gave regulated expression of the xylE gene were identified.
Integrated genomic characterization of endometrial carcinoma (2013)

We performed an integrated genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic characterization of 373 endometrial carcinomas using array- and sequencing-based technologies. Uterine serous tumours and ∼25% of high-grade endometrioid tumours had extensive copy number alterations, few DNA methylation changes, low oestrogen receptor/progesterone receptor levels, and frequent TP53 mutations. Most endometrioid tumours had few copy number alterations or TP53 mutations, but frequent mutations in PTEN, CTNNB1, PIK3CA, ARID1A and KRAS and novel mutations in the SWI/SNF chromatin remodelling complex gene ARID5B. A subset of endometrioid tumours that we identified had a markedly increased transversion mutation frequency and newly identified hotspot mutations in POLE. Our results classified endometrial cancers into four categories: POLE ultramutated, microsatellite instability hypermutated, copy-number low, and copy-number high. Uterine serous carcinomas share genomic features with ovarian serous and basal-like breast carcinomas. We demonstrated that the genomic features of endometrial carcinomas permit a reclassification that may affect post-surgical adjuvant treatment for women with aggressive tumours.
Contact-dependent Stimulation and Inhibition of Dendritic Cells by Natural Killer Cells (2002)

Natural killer (NK) cells and dendritic cells (DCs) are two distinct cell types of innate immunity. It is known that the in vitro interaction of human NK cells with autologous DCs results in DC lysis. Here we show that contact-dependent interactions between activated human NK cells and immature DCs (iDCs) provides a "control switch" for the immune system. At low NK/DC ratios, this interaction dramatically amplifies DC responses, whereas at high ratios it completely turns off their responses. Specifically, culture of activated human NK cells with iDCs, at low NK/DC ratios (1:5), led to exponential increases in DC cytokine production, which were completely dependent on cell-to-cell contact. DC maturation was also driven by cognate interactions with NK cells and maturation was dependent on endogenously produced TNF-alpha in the culture. At slightly higher NK/DC ratios (5:1), inhibition of DC functions was the dominant feature due to potent killing by the autologous NK cells. Resting NK cells also stimulated autologous DC maturation in a TNF-alpha/contact-dependent manner, however, increasing the NK/DC ratio only led to an enhancement of this effect.
BCL9 promotes epithelial mesenchymal transition and invasion in cisplatin resistant NSCLC cells via β-catenin pathway (2018)

These findings indicated BCL9 induced the occurrence of EMT and enhancement of stemness, which resulted in cisplatin-resistance and promoted migration in NSCLC cells. Mechanically, Wnt/β-catenin pathway is crucial in BCL9-induced migration, invasion, and chemotherapy resistance.
Serotype 8- and serocluster-specific surface-expressed antigens of Ureaplasma urealyticum (1989)

The polypeptides of all 14 serotypes of Ureaplasma urealyticum were analyzed by one-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and silver staining. The electrophoretic patterns did not allow ready discrimination of individual serotypes or seroclusters. The analysis of the antigens of serotype 8 was reported previously (B. L. Precious, D. Thirkell, and W. C. Russell, J. Gen. Microbiol. 133:2659-2676, 1987). In this study, three of the surface-expressed membrane antigens of 16, 17, and 96 kilodaltons were further investigated, and monoclonal antibodies were raised against these three polypeptides. The major 96-kilodalton polypeptide was serotype 8 specific, and the 16-kilodalton polypeptide was present only in the larger serocluster. We describe monoclonal antibody probes that unequivocally differentiate serotype 8 from the other serotypes and that separate the two seroclusters of the organism.
Devazepide reverses the anorexic effect of simmondsin in the rat (1995)

Simmondsin, a glycoside extracted from jojoba meal (Simmondsia chinensis), causes a reduction in food intake after oral administration. To investigate the mechanism by which simmondsin reduces food intake, fasted and free-feeding rats were given simmondsin-supplemented food and simultaneously injected with devazepide, a specific antagonist of peripheral-type cholecystokinin receptors (CCKA receptors). In free-feeding rats, supplementation of food with 0.5% simmondsin caused a reduction in food intake of +/- 40% in the period of 4 h following food presentation. Intraperitoneal injection of 100 micrograms devazepide/kg body weight prevented this effect. In rats fasted for 20 h, the food intake in the 30 min after presentation of food supplemented with 0.15% or 0.50% simmondsin was reduced in a dose-related manner; this was also inhibited by simultaneous application of devazepide. It is suggested that peripheral CCKA receptors are involved in the effect of simmondsin on food intake. However, a direct effect of simmondsin on CCKA receptors has been excluded, since simmondsin was unable to cause contraction of the guinea-pig gallbladder in vitro.
Perfusion‐corrected mapping of cardiac regional blood volume in rats in vivo (1999)

Measurement of regional blood volume (RBV) in the myocardium in vivo is important for the assessment of tissue viability and function. The method in this work is based on the acquisition of a T1 map before and after intravascular contrast agent application. It is known that this method is influenced by perfusion that causes an overestimation of RBV values. In order to solve this problem, the new method is proposed which acquires T1 maps with slice selective inversion pulses. Due to blood flow nonexcited spins enter the detection slice, which leads to an acceleration of the relaxation time. A model that divides tissue into two compartments is adapted to slice selective inversion in order to derive a simple expression for perfusion-corrected RBV. The aim of the study is to demonstrate the feasibility and accuracy of this technique for quantification of RBV in rat myocardium in vivo. RBV maps were obtained for five rats, and the reproducibility was determined by repeating the experiment several times. A mean RBV value of 12.8 ± 0.7% (v/v) over all animals was obtained in the myocardium. The results were compared with RBV maps obtained with perfusion-sensitive RBV imaging in the same five rats and with first-pass RBV studies. In order to demonstrate the strength of the new method the vasodilator adenosine was administered and alterations in microcirculation were imaged. Magn Reson Med 42:500–506, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Rhizobacteria Suppressive to the Weed Downy Brome (1991)

Abstract Rhizobacteria have the potential to suppress plant growth. We evaluated the effect of native pseudomonads on downy brome ( Bromus tectorum L.), a troublesome weed in small‐grain‐producing lands. Pseudomonas spp. were isolated from winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) and downy brome roots and tested to determine their potential as biological control agents for this weed. Pseudomonads were screened in agar and soil for inhibition of downy brome root growth and lack of inhibition of winter wheat root growth. Of more than 1000 isolates tested, 81 inhibited downy brome and not winter wheat in the agar seedling bioassay. Six isolates consistently inhibited downy brome growth and not winter wheat in soil contained in pots in the growth chamber. In nursery field trials in which downy brome was planted in rows and adequately fertilized, some of the bacterial isolates reduced downy brome populations up to 30% and shoot dry weight up to 42%. Field studies were also conducted at three sites in eastern Washington in which brome‐inhibitory bacteria were applied to wheat fields infested with natural populations of downy brome. Of the three isolates studied in the field, two reduced plant populations and aboveground growth of downy brome up to 31 and 53%, respectively, compared with noninoculated controls. At two of the three locations, winter wheat yields were increased 18 to 35% because of the suppression of downy brome growth. Brome‐suppressive bacteria isolated from the rhizoplane of winter wheat and downy brome can be used as biological control agents for downy brome.
Peptide platforms for metal ion sensing (1999)

Naturally occurring motifs have been redesigned to product fluorescent peptidyl-chemosensors that sensitively and selectively recognize Cu(II) or Fe(III). The modular nature of peptide architecture allows preparation and evaluation of potential sensors on solid supports.
Superelasticity and Shape Memory in Micro‐ and Nanometer‐scale Pillars (2007)

Superelasticity and shape memory down to the nanometer scale are successfully demonstrated in micro- and nanometer-scale pillars of a Cu-Al-Ni shape memory alloy. Microcompression tests show superelastic behavior with recoverable strains above 5 % during more than 100 cycles. In addition, shape memory behavior with complete shape recovery at both the micro- and nanometer scales is also observed, opening the door to a new generation of smart micro and nano devices. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2089/2008/c1527_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Potent Ligand-Independent Estrogen Receptor Activation by 3,3′-Diindolylmethane Is Mediated by Cross Talk between the Protein Kinase A and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling Pathways (2003)

We investigated the mechanism of ligand-independent activation of the estrogen receptor (ER) by 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM), a promising anticancer agent derived from vegetables of the Brassica genus, in Ishikawa and HEC-1B human endometrial cancer cells. DIM stimulated the activity of an ER-responsive reporter by over 40-fold, equivalent to the maximum induction produced by estradiol (E2), whereas cotreatment of cells with the ER antagonist, ICI-182,780 (ICI), abolished the stimulatory effect of DIM. DIM also induced the expressions of the endogenous genes, TGF-alpha, alkaline phosphatase, and progesterone receptor similar to levels induced by E2. Induction of gene expression by DIM was inhibited by the protein synthesis inhibitor, cycloheximide. In addition, cotreatment of cells with the protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor, H89, or the MAPK inhibitor, PD98059, reduced DIM activation of the ER by 75% and 50%, respectively. Simultaneous treatment of cells with both inhibitors completely abolished the effect of DIM. DIM stimulated MAPK activity and induced phosphorylation of the endogenous PKA target, cAMP response element binding protein (CREB), in a PKA-dependent manner. Expression of MCREB, a nonphosphorylatable CREB mutant, partially abolished activation of the ER by DIM. These results demonstrate that DIM is a mechanistically novel activator of the ER that requires PKA-dependent phosphorylation of CREB.
Oxidation of Alcohols by Activated Dimethyl Sulfoxide and Related Reactions: An Update (1990)

In 1981 Mancuso and Swern published an article1 in this journal entitled "Activated Dimethyl Sulfoxide: Useful Reagents for Synthesis" that has become a classic reference in chemistry. Particularly in the area of oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes and ketones the use of activated dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) has burgeoned, with more than 200 new literature citations of the use of these methods now appearing every year. These represent not only utilization of the procedures studied and reviewed by Swern and his co-workers, but also many new developments in the methodology that greatly enhance its utility. The current review is intended to emphasize the most important developments in the use of activated DMSO for the oxidation of alcohols since 1981 through 1989, but includes sufficient coverage of the earlier literature so as to be self-contained. Only enough of the vast number of recent references are cited to highlight advances in the methodology and to provide recent examples of the application of these reactions. Professor Swern died in 1982 but left a lasting legacy to synthetic organic chemistry, and it is hoped this article will provide an update worthy of the example he provided. 1 . Introduction 2. Oxidation Procedures 2.1. DMSO/Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (Pfitzner-Moffatt Procedure) 2.2. DMSO/Oxalyl Chloride (Swern Procedure) 2.3. DMSO/Trifluoroacetic Anhydride (Swern Procedure) 2.4. DMSO/Acetic Anhydride (Albright-Goldman Procedure) 2.5. DMSO/Phosphorus Pentoxide (Onodera Procedure) 2.6. DMSO/Pyridine-Sulfur Trioxide (Parikh-Doering Procedure) 2.7. Dimethyl Sulfide/N-Chlorosuccinimide (Corey-Kim Procedure) 2.8. DMSO/Phenyl Dichlorophosphate (Liu Procedure) 2.9. Other Procedures 3. Scope of the Oxidation 3.1. Primary and Secondary Alcohols 3.2. Oxidation of Diols and Polyols 3.3. Selective Oxidation 3.4. Sequential Reactions 3.5. Oxidation of Silyl Ethers 4. Side Reactions 4.1. Methylthiomethyl Ether Formation 4.2. Displacement Reactions 4.3. Nucleophilic and Electrophilic Chlorination 4.4. Enolization 4.5. Oxidation with Elimination 4.6. Oxidation of Amine Functionalities 4.7. Reactions of Other Functional Groups 4.8. Hydration of Carbonyl Compounds 5. Conclusion
A CMOS narrow-band signaling filter with Q reduction (1984)

A circuit for extracting signaling information from its associated voice channel in frequency-division multiplexing has been integrated in metal gate CMOS technology. It uses a frequency translation technique that effectively enhances the Q of the filter to >100. It contains a programmable prefilter, a programmable modulator, and a highly selective bandpass filter. The frequency translation was accomplished through the use of a balanced modulator, which is well suited to a switched-capacitor realization. Design considerations that must be addressed in choosing an optimum architecture and a method of analyzing the ill effects of aliasing in a sampled data modulator were also presented. The technique described here is applicable to the design of a filter with an effective Q of much greater than 100.
Free oligosaccharides and glycosylation of bile salt-stimulated lipase in human milk (2001)

Bile salt-stimulated lipase (BSSL) is a glycosylated protein present in milk at a concentration of 100-200 mg/L. It is an enzyme important for fat digestion in the newborn infant. The protein backb ...
Introduction (1997)

Elder abuse is the largely unknown violence phenomenon of the 1990s. Although recognised for centuries and reported in the professional press increasingly since the mid-1970s, it is the least acknowledged of the types of human violence. The spectrum of violence has been well publicised with reports of child abuse and spouse abuse, but the entry of another area of abuse has been met by the equivalent of battle fatigue. This seems to be true for both professional and lay person. This book seeks to examine the contemporary dimensions of elder abuse. It aims to provide the reader with the accumulated knowledge base concerning this obviously complex human experience.
Involvement of bone marrow‐derived cells in healing of experimental colitis in rats (2005)

Bone marrow is reported to contain hematopoietic stem cells and other adult somatic stem cells that have phenotypes of cells composing tissues other than bone marrow. To explore the implication of bone marrow-derived cells in the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases, experimental colitis was induced in wild-type rats after transplantation of bone marrow from transgenic rats expressing green fluorescence protein (GFP). Chronic colitis was induced 21 days later using 30 mg 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS). Control rats received saline. At 28, 56, and 224 days after TNBS administration, rats were euthanized, and tissues were removed and processed for paraffin-embedded sections. Cells derived from bone marrow were identified by immunohistochemistry using anti-GFP antibody. To identify the phenotypes of the cells expressing GFP, we conducted serial-section analysis and double-staining analysis using antibodies against cytokeratin (epithelial cells) or vimentin (interstitial cells). In the present study, GFP-positive, bone marrow-derived cells occupied 37.6% and 4.25% of the colonic epithelium at 28 days and 56 days after the induction of TNBS-colitis, respectively. Also, significant amounts of mucosal and submucosal interstitial cells were derived from the bone marrow. These findings showed that a large amount of bone marrow-derived cells were involved in regeneration of the colon after experimental colitis in rats.
Isolation of intact bacteria from blood by selective cell lysis in a microfluidic porous silica monolith (2019)

Rapid and efficient isolation of bacteria from complex biological matrices is necessary for effective pathogen identification in emerging single-cell diagnostics. Here, we demonstrate the isolation of intact and viable bacteria from whole blood through the selective lysis of blood cells during flow through a porous silica monolith. Efficient mechanical hemolysis is achieved while providing passage of intact and viable bacteria through the monoliths, allowing size-based isolation of bacteria to be performed following selective lysis. A process for synthesizing large quantities of discrete capillary-bound monolith elements and millimeter-scale monolith bricks is described, together with the seamless integration of individual monoliths into microfluidic chips. The impact of monolith morphology, geometry, and flow conditions on cell lysis is explored, and flow regimes are identified wherein robust selective blood cell lysis and intact bacteria passage are achieved for multiple gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. The technique is shown to enable rapid sample preparation and bacteria analysis by single-cell Raman spectrometry. The selective lysis technique presents a unique sample preparation step supporting rapid and culture-free analysis of bacteria for the point of care.
Enhance the Performance of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells by Co-grafting Amphiphilic Sensitizer and Hexadecylmalonic Acid on TiO2 Nanocrystals (2003)

Dye-sensitized solar cells have been fabricated based on nanocrystalline TiO2 film derivatized with an amphiphilic polypyridyl ruthenium complex, cis-RuLL‘(SCN)2 (L = 4,4‘-dicarboxylic acid-2,2‘-bipyridine, L‘ = 4,4‘-dinonyl-2,2‘-bipyridine), as light-harvester and hexadecylmalonic acid (HDMA) as coadsorbent. The cells generated a short-circuit photocurrent of 15.2 mA cm-2, an open-circuit photovoltage of 764 mV, and a total power conversion efficiency of 7.8% under simulated full sunlight (air mass 1.5, 100 mW cm-2). Co-grafting enhanced the photocurrent, photovoltage, and overall conversion efficiency considerably with respect to cells containing no HDMA. Devices showed a good stability under light soaking at 55 °C.