gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Solid-State 13C NMR of Nephila clavipes Dragline Silk Establishes Structure and Identity of Crystalline Regions (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSolid-State 13C NMR of Nephila clavipes Dragline Silk Establishes Structure and Identity of Crystalline RegionsAlexandra Simmons, Ed Ray, and Lynn W. JelinskiCite this: Macromolecules 1994, 27, 18, 5235–5237Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00096a060https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00096a060research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views857Altmetric-Citations221LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Blood monocyte concentration is critical for enhancement of collateral artery growth (2002)

Arteriogenesis has been associated with the presence of monocytes/macrophages within the collateral vessel wall. We tested the hypothesis that arteriogenesis is functionally linked to the concentration of circulating blood monocytes. Monocyte concentrations in peripheral blood were manipulated by single injections of the antimetabolite 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), resulting in a marked rebound effect in New Zealand White rabbits. Collateral artery growth was assessed by the use of a model of acute femoral artery ligation. Seven days after ligation, collateral conductance and the number of visible collateral arteries were increased in the rebound group. This increase was accompanied by an increased monocyte accumulation as demonstrated by immunohistology in the thigh 3 days after surgery. In a second animal model (129S2/SvHsd mice), 5-FU treatment caused a remarkable decrease in blood monocyte numbers at day 4, followed by a rebound effect at day 12. Foot blood flow, assessed by laser-Doppler imaging before and at various time points after surgery, increased from day 7 through day 21 in mice from the rebound group. In contrast, ligation during the phase of monocyte depletion resulted in a reduction of blood flow reconstitution. This inhibition could be reversed by an injection of isolated monocytes. In conclusion, we have demonstrated a functional link between the monocyte concentration in the peripheral blood and the enhancement of arteriogenesis.
Cereals in Breadmaking: A Molecular Colloidal Approach (1993)

Basic concepts of surface and colloid chemistry physicochemical behaviour of the components of wheat flour interactions between components components in other cereals flour dough bread.
Evaluating intermediate coronary lesions in the cardiac catheterization laboratory. (2003)

Angiography is notoriously poor at distinguishing ischemia-producing from non-ischemia-producing intermediate coronary lesions. Here, three invasive modalities for evaluating the physiologic significance of moderate coronary stenoses are reviewed: Doppler wire-derived measurement of coronary flow reserve (CFR), coronary pressure wire-derived fractional flow reserve (FFR), and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) imaging. Studies investigating the correlation between each of these modalities and various noninvasive tests (eg, nuclear perfusion imaging or stress echocardiography) are discussed. Each of these invasive modalities has its limitations: CFR is limited by its dependence on heart rate and blood pressure, calling into question its reproducibility; both FFR and CFR are limited by their reliance upon achieving maximal hyperemia; and IVUS is limited by the fact that it provides anatomic information only. Ultimately, FFR appears to be the ideal method for interrogating intermediate coronary lesions.
A Rapid and Highly Efficient One-Pot Methodology for Preparation of Alkyl Oxindolideneacetates (2005)

A one-pot solvent free Wittig procedure was suggested for fast and high efficient preparation of alkyl oxindolideneacetates a-h by reaction of isatin derivatives, triphenylphosphine, alkyl bromoacetate and morpholine. Keywords: Isatin, Triphenylphosphine, Alkyl bromoacetate, Wittig reaction, Solvent free conditions, Alkyl oxindolideneacetates
Pancreatic exocrine function in patients with diabetes (2012)

Factors associated with pancreatic exocrine failure differ in patients with Type 1 diabetes compared with patients with type 2 diabetes. In patients with Type 2 diabetes, association of decreased pancreatic exocrine function with BMI and vascular disease suggests a role of pancreatic arteriopathy.
Structure and recombination in InGaAs/GaAs heterostructures (1988)

The defect structure of lattice-mismatched 1-μm InxGa1−xAs (x≊0.12, misfit Δa/a≊8.5×10−3) epilayers on GaAs was studied with scanning cathodoluminescence (CL), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-voltage electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. CL shows that nonradiative recombination lines exist in the GaAs buffer layer as far as 4000 Å from the interface. The density of these defects is independent of substrate dislocation density. Plan-view TEM analysis indicates that the majority of these dislocations in the buffer layer are sessile edge half-loops. Cross-sectional TEM shows that loops also extend into the InGaAs epilayer, but the majority of the loops are located on the buffer layer (substrate) side of the interface. A model is proposed to explain sessile edge dislocation formation in the buffer layer. A comparison of CL and high-voltage electron microscopy images from the same interface area reveals that the dark nonradiative recombination lines seen in scanning luminescence images in this high misfit system do not correspond to the normal, isolated misfit dislocation. The nonradiative recombination line spacing is 3 μm, whereas the interface dislocation spacing is 400–1000 Å. It is shown that the nonradiative recombination lines observed in CL of the interface correspond to specific groups of dislocations with different TEM contrast behavior. The dark nonradiative recombination lines also correlate with asymmetric surface ridges, suggesting that they introduce preferred nucleation sites, and that these effects are different for the two 〈110〉 directions.
Amino acid sequence of the signal peptide of ompA protein, a major outer membrane protein of Escherichia coli. (1980)

The structural gene for ompA protein, a major outer membrane protein of Escherichia coli, was cloned using the plasmid cloning vehicle, pMF21. The DNA sequence corresponding to the signal peptide of pro-ompA protein, a secretory precursor of ompA protein, was determined. The amino acid sequence of the signal peptide was deduced from the DNA sequence as follows: Met-Lys-Lys-Thr-Ala-Ile-Ala-Ile-Ala-Val-Ala-Leu-Ala-Gly-Phe-Ala-Thr-Val-Ala-Gin-Ala-. The amino acid sequence complies with all the features of the loop model proposed for the mechanism of protein secretion across the cytoplasmic membrane.
Molecular, cellular, and pharmacological therapies for Duchenne/Becker muscular dystrophies (2005)

Although the molecular defect causing Duchenne/Becker muscular dystrophy (DMD/BMD) was identified nearly 20 years ago, the development of effective therapeutic strategies has nonetheless remained a daunting challenge. Over the years, a variety of different approaches have been explored in an effort to compensate for the lack of the DMD gene product called dystrophin. This review not only presents some of the most promising molecular, cellular, and pharmacological strategies but also highlights some issues that need to be addressed before considering their implementation. Specifically, we describe current strategies being developed to exogenously deliver healthy copies of the dystrophin gene to dystrophic muscles. We present the findings of several studies that have focused on repairing the mutant dystrophin gene using various approaches. We include a discussion of cell-based therapies that capitalize on the use of myoblast or stem cell transfer. Finally, we summarize the results of several studies that may eventually lead to the development of appropriate drug-based therapies. In this context, we review our current knowledge of the mechanisms regulating expression of utrophin, the autosomal homologue of dystrophin. Given the complexity associated with the dystrophic phenotype, it appears likely that a combinatorial approach involving different therapeutic strategies will be necessary for the appropriate management and eventual treatment of this devastating neuromuscular disease.
Aberrant chromatin at genes encoding stem cell regulators in human mixed-lineage leukemia (2008)

Mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL) fusion proteins are potent inducers of leukemia, but how these proteins generate aberrant gene expression programs is poorly understood. Here we show that the MLL-AF4 fusion protein occupies developmental regulatory genes important for hematopoietic stem cell identity and self-renewal in human leukemia cells. These MLL-AF4-bound regions have grossly altered chromatin structure, with histone modifications catalyzed by trithorax group proteins and DOT1 extending across large domains. Our results define direct targets of the MLL fusion protein, reveal the global role of epigenetic misregulation in leukemia, and identify new targets for therapeutic intervention in cancer.
Enhanced expression of SOS1 is detected in prostate cancer epithelial cells from African-American men (2009)

African-American (AA) men experience an increased risk of developing prostate cancers as well as increased mortality following treatment as compared to European-American (EA) men. The aim of our study was to identify biological factors with the potential to predispose AA men to prostate tumor progression and metastasis. To identify cancer-specific gene expression patterns in AA men, we established primary prostate cancer epithelial cells from 14 AA and 13 EA men. High-throughput microarrays were used to investigate differences in global gene expression comparing the two groups. Quantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry validated mRNA and protein expression levels. RNAi knockdowns provided support for biological significance for the identified genes in prostate cancer cells. Son of sevenless homolog 1 (SOS1) was overexpressed in AA male-derived primary prostate cancer epithelial cells. Depletion of SOS1 in PC3 and DU145 prostate cancer cells resulted in decreased capacities for cell proliferation, migration and invasion, at least partially through inhibition of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2. Tissue microarray analyses of SOS1 expression in prostate carcinomas correlated with Gleason's grades of tumors, consistent with a possible role in prostate cancer progression. Investigation of prostate cancer-derived epithelial cells has led to identification of SOS1 as a potential candidate biomarker and molecular therapeutic target in prostate cancer in AA men, consistent with the hypothesis that a biological basis exists for prostate cancer aggressiveness in AA men.
Going deeper with convolutions (2015)

We propose a deep convolutional neural network architecture codenamed Inception that achieves the new state of the art for classification and detection in the ImageNet Large-Scale Visual Recognition Challenge 2014 (ILSVRC14). The main hallmark of this architecture is the improved utilization of the computing resources inside the network. By a carefully crafted design, we increased the depth and width of the network while keeping the computational budget constant. To optimize quality, the architectural decisions were based on the Hebbian principle and the intuition of multi-scale processing. One particular incarnation used in our submission for ILSVRC14 is called GoogLeNet, a 22 layers deep network, the quality of which is assessed in the context of classification and detection.
Conformational analogs of antihypertensive agents related to guanethidine (1977)

In an effort to clarify the conformational requirements, if any, of agents producing adrenergic neuronal blockade through mechanisms similar to guanethidine, the synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of 15 analogues of cinnamylguanidine are described. These analogues represent derivatives in which the distance between the center of the ring system and the guanidinium nitrogen atom varies from 3.9 to 6.2 A. While conformational relationships could not be defined in this study, three analogues (3, 4, and 5) were apparently more potent than guanethidine in the in vitro assay employed.
Ovarian 3,β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Δ5‐4‐isomerase of rainbow trout: Its cDNA cloning and properties of the enzyme expressed in a mammalian cell (1994)

A cDNA clone encoding 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase delta 5-4-isomerase (3 beta-HSD) was isolated from a cDNA library of rainbow trout ovarian thecal cells. Southern hybridization analysis of trout genomic DNA with the cDNA suggested the presence of a single gene encoding 3 beta-HSD in the rainbow trout showing a total genomic size of less than 4 kilobases (kb). The cDNA hybridized to a species of mRNA isolated from rainbow trout ovaries; the 1.4 kb transcripts were most abundant in trout ovaries during the later stages of oogenesis. The trout 3 beta-HSD expressed in non-steroidogenic monkey kidney tumor (COS-1) cells showed a unique enzymatic 3 beta-HSD activity. Dehydroepiandrosterone was a more favoral substrate of the trout 3 beta-HSD than 1- alpha-hydroxypregnenolone. Interestingly, the trout 3 beta-HSD expressed in COS-1 cells exhibited minimal ability to convert pregnenolone to progesterone.
American Time Use Survey: Sleep Time and Its Relationship to Waking Activities (2007)

Work time, travel time, and time for socializing, relaxing, and leisure are the primary activities reciprocally related to sleep time among Americans. These activities may be confounding the frequently observed association between short and long sleep on one hand and morbidity and mortality on the other hand and should be controlled for in future studies.
Deletion Polymorphism Of Angiotensin‐Converting Enzyme Gene Is Associated With Postprandial Hyperglycaemia In Individuals Undergoing General Check‐Up (2000)

1. Deletion polymorphism, DD, of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene is reported to be related to cardiovascular disease, which is frequently based on insulin resistance. 2. To clarify the relationship between the ACE genotype DD and plasma glucose increases after an oral glucose load, we performed 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in 301 nondiabetic men (age range 30-60 years) undergoing general check-up. 3. Insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of the ACE gene was explored using a polymerase chain reaction. The frequency of the II, ID and DD genotypes was 0.43, 0.43 and 0.14, respectively. 4. There were no differences in baseline clinical characteristics between subjects with each ACE genotype. 5. The mean (+/- SEM) plasma glucose level at 60 min of the OGTT was significantly higher in subjects with the DD genotype (170.8 +/- 6.9 mg/dL) than in subjects with either the II or ID genotype (mean value for two groups 156.6 +/- 2.7 mg/dL; P < 0.05). Moreover, the mean percentage change of plasma glucose after 60 min of the OGTT, a marker of plasma glucose increase, was significantly higher in individuals with the DD genotype than in individuals with either the II or ID genotypes. 6. In contrast, the mean fasting plasma glucose level, the plasma glucose level at 120 min, the glucose response area and the fasting insulin level were not different between individuals with the DD genotype and individuals with other genotypes. 7. In conclusion, subjects with the DD genotype showed transiently higher levels of plasma glucose after an oral glucose load than subjects with other genotypes. Further studies are required to determine whether the association between ACE genotype and postprandial hyperglycaemia influences the incidence of cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus.
Anaemia and iron status among blood donors in a blood transfusion unit in Malaysia. (2002)

Iron deficiency is a major complication of regular blood donation as a result of regular iron loss from each donated blood unit. Ninety-two regular blood donors and 95 first time blood donors attending a hospital-based blood transfusion centre were assessed as to their haematological and iron status by blood counts and serum ferritin levels as an indicator of iron stores. All donors had passed the haemoglobin-screening test using a copper sulphate method prior to blood donation. Ferritin levels were found to be significantly lower among regular blood donors (47.8 mmol/L) as compared to first time blood donors (94.2 mmol/L). Iron deficiency as observed by low ferritin levels was seen in 7.4% of all first time donors as compared to 17.4% in regular donors. Male first time donors showed a low prevalence of iron deficiency but the prevalence significantly increased with regular blood donation. Female first time and regular blood donors however did not show any significant differences in prevalence of iron deficiency, with both groups exhibiting prevalence rates similar to male regular donors. The association between haemoglobin levels and iron deficiency was poor and the copper sulphate-screening test was found insensitive to anaemia with many donors passing the test and donating blood despite being anaemic. It is concluded that a high prevalence of iron deficiency is present among regular male blood donors and all female donors. Besides, the use of the copper sulphate screening test as a sole criterion for anaemia screening should be reviewed. Ferritin measurements should be included in the routine assessment of blood donors especially among regular blood donors.
Robust adaptive control of time-varying systems with unknown backlash nonlinearity (1997)

This paper presents a robust adaptive controller for time-varying systems with an unknown backlash nonlinearity at the plant input. The controller is designed based on the pole assignment strategy, and it is applicable even to systems in the presence of unmodeled dynamics, bounded external disturbances, and time-varying parameters. No minimum phase assumption and no persistence of excitation requirement are needed. The global stability is ensured by the proposed controller.
Applications of parametric maxflow in computer vision (2007)

The maximum flow algorithm for minimizing energy functions of binary variables has become a standard tool in computer vision. In many cases, unary costs of the energy depend linearly on parameter λ. In this paper we study vision applications for which it is important to solve the maxflow problem for different λ's. An example is a weighting between data and regularization terms in image segmentation or stereo: it is desirable to vary it both during training (to learn λ from ground truth data) and testing (to select best λ using high-knowledge constraints, e.g. user input). We review algorithmic aspects of this parametric maximum flow problem previously unknown in vision, such as the ability to compute all breakpoints of λ and corresponding optimal configurations infinite time. These results allow, in particular, to minimize the ratio of some geometric functional, such as flux of a vector field over length (or area). Previously, such functional were tackled with shortest path techniques applicable only in 2D. We give theoretical improvements for "PDE cuts" [5]. We present experimental results for image segmentation, 3D reconstruction, and the cosegmentation problem.
Footprinting of individual tumors and their variants by constitutive cytokine expression patterns. (1993)

We have examined the cytokine mRNA expression profile of six different human cell lines derived from Ewing sarcomas using polymerase chain reaction and found each to constitutively express a characteristic pattern. Furthermore, each cell line differed in the levels of secreted cytokines. We also analyzed the expression of several cytokines in murine UV-induced sarcomas and their heritably stable progressive variants. Each murine tumor also constitutively expressed a large number of cytokines, and in some cases, the more malignant variants differed from their parental tumors. These results demonstrate that tumors of the same type, and even in the same lineage, can have distinct cytokine expression and/or secretion profiles. Some cytokines may stimulate tumor growth while others may have antitumor effects. Cytokine therapy may be tailored depending upon the cytokine profile of the individual malignancy.
Indium-111 Capromab Pendetide (ProstaScint) Uptake in a Meningioma (2001)

From the Nuclear Medicine Service, Department of Radiology, Brooke Army Medical Center, San Antonio, Texas Received for publication October 4, 2000. Accepted November 6, 2000. The opinions contained herein are those of the authors and do not reflect the views of the Army, the Department of Defense, or the United States Government. Reprint requests: Yong C. Bradley, M.D., Department of Nuclear Medicine, Brooke Army Medical Center, 3851 Roger Brooke Drive, San Antonio, Texas 78234-6200
Eye Diseases - Treatment and Prevention with Antioxidants (2012)

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/medtoday.v23i2.13110 Medicine TODAY Vol.23(2) 2011 pp.103-105
High Recovery FASP Applied to the Proteomic Analysis of Microdissected Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded Cancer Tissues Retrieves Known Colon Cancer Markers (2011)

Proteomic analysis of samples isolated by laser capture microdissection from clinical specimens requires sample preparation and fractionation methods suitable for small amounts of protein. Here we describe a streamlined filter-aided sample preparation (FASP) workflow that allows efficient analysis of lysates from low numbers of cells. Addition of carrier substances such as polyethylene glycol or dextran to the processed samples improves the peptide yields in the low to submicrogram range. In a single LC-MS/MS run, analyses of 500, 1000, and 3000 cells allowed identification of 905, 1536, and 2055 proteins, respectively. Incorporation of an additional SAX fractionation step at somewhat higher amounts enabled the analysis of formalin fixed and paraffin embedded human tissues prepared by LCM to a depth of 3600-4400 proteins per single experiment. We applied this workflow to compare archival neoplastic and matched normal colonic mucosa cancer specimens for three patients. Label-free quantification of more than 6000 proteins verified this technology through the differential expression of 30 known colon cancer markers. These included Carcino-Embryonic Antigen (CEA), the most widely used colon cancer marker, complement decay accelerating factor (DAF, CD55) and Metastasis-associated in colon cancer protein 1 (MACC1). Concordant with literature knowledge, mucin 1 was overexpressed and mucin 2 underexpressed in all three patients. These results show that FASP is suitable for the low level analysis of microdissected tissue and that it has the potential for exploration of clinical samples for biomarker and drug target discovery.