gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Maize MADS Box Gene ZmMADS3 Affects Node Number and Spikelet Development and Is Co-Expressed withZmMADS1 during Flower Development, in Egg Cells, and Early Embryogenesis (2001)

MADS box genes represent a large gene family of transcription factors with essential functions during flower development and organ differentiation processes in plants. Addressing the question of whether MADS box genes are involved in the regulation of the fertilization process and early embryo development, we have isolated two novel MADS box cDNAs, ZmMADS1 and ZmMADS3, from cDNA libraries of maize (Zea mays) pollen and egg cells, respectively. The latter gene is allelic to ZAP1. Transcripts of both genes are detectable in egg cells and in in vivo zygotes of maize. ZmMADS1 is additionally expressed in synergids and in central and antipodal cells. During early somatic embryogenesis, ZmMADS1 expression is restricted to cells with the capacity to form somatic embryos, and to globular embryos at later stages. ZmMADS3 is detectable only by more sensitive reverse transcriptase-PCR analyses, but is likewise expressed in embryogenic cultures. Both genes are not expressed in nonembryogenic suspension cultures and in isolated immature and mature zygotic embryos. During flower development, ZmMADS1 and ZmMADS3 are co-expressed in all ear spikelet organ primordia at intermediate stages. Among vegetative tissues, ZmMADS3 is expressed in stem nodes and displays a gradient with highest expression in the uppermost node. Transgenic maize plants ectopically expressing ZmMADS3 are reduced in height due to a reduced number of nodes. Reduction of seed set and male sterility were observed in the plants. The latter was due to absence of anthers. Putative functions of the genes during reproductive and vegetative developmental processes are discussed.
pH-Dependent Protein Conformational Changes in Albumin:Gold Nanoparticle Bioconjugates:  A Spectroscopic Study (2007)

The conformational changes of bovine serum albumin (BSA) in the albumin:gold nanoparticle bioconjugates were investigated in detail by various spectroscopic techniques including UV-vis absorption, fluorescence, circular dichroism, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopies. Our studies suggested that albumin in the bioconjugates that was prepared by the common adsorption method underwent substantial conformational changes at both secondary and tertiary structure levels. BSA was found to adopt a more flexible conformational state on the boundary surface of gold nanoparticles as a result of the conformational changes in the bioconjugates. The conformational changes at pH 3.8, 7.0, and 9.0, which corresponded to different isomeric forms of albumin, were investigated, respectively, to probe the pH effect on the conformational changes of BSA in the bioconjugates. The results showed that the pH of the medium influenced the changes greatly and that fluorescence and circular dichroism studies further indicated that the changes were larger at higher pH.
Separation of Hydrogen from Carbon Monoxide Using a Hollow Fiber Polyimide Membrane: Experimental and Simulation (2007)

Abstract The separation of hydrogen from carbon monoxide (syngas ratio adjustment) with polymeric membranes was investigated in this work. A polyimide hollow fiber membrane module was used for hydrogen separation. This polymer has shown large permeability and selectivity for hydrogen separation (selectivity of ca. 30). Permeation tests were carried out at different feed conditions. Feed flow rates were varied between 150–300 mL/min, temperature was varied in the range of 20–80 °C and feed pressure was varied between 5–9 bar. Mixtures containing 0–50 % carbon monoxide were used when carrying out experiments. Measured membrane permeances for hydrogen and carbon monoxide were about 70–100 GPU (gas permeation units) and 3–5.5 GPU, respectively. In addition, a mathematical model for simulation of gas separation in hollow fiber membrane modules with all flow patterns (crossflow, countercurrent and cocurrent) was presented. This model can be used for calculation of membrane performance or its required surface area for a specific separation. Experimental results have shown good correlation with simulation results. Plasticization, competitive sorption and concentration polarization effect of carbon monoxide on membrane performance is shown with experimental results. This effect reduced hydrogen permeances in mixed gas experiments.
Autoreactive B Cells in the Marginal Zone that Express Dual Receptors (2002)

Allotype and isotype exclusion is a property of most lymphocytes. The reason for this property is not known but it guarantees a high concentration of a single receptor, and threshold numbers of receptors may be required for efficient positive and negative selection. Receptor editing compromises exclusion by sustaining recombination even after a functional receptor is formed. Consequently, B cells expressing multiple receptors arise. We have studied such B cells in which one of the two receptors is anti-self, and find that these partially autoreactive B cells accumulate in the marginal zone. The restriction of these cells in this location may help to prevent them from undergoing diversification and developing into fully autoreactive B cells.
An Ion ``Velocitron'' (1948)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation A. E. Cameron, D. F. Eggers; An Ion ``Velocitron''. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 1 September 1948; 19 (9): 605–607. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1741336 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioReview of Scientific Instruments Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
The purification of eukaryotic polypeptides synthesized in Escherichia coli (1986)

Research Article| November 15 1986 The purification of eukaryotic polypeptides synthesized in Escherichia coli F A Marston F A Marston Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1986) 240 (1): 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj2400001 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation F A Marston; The purification of eukaryotic polypeptides synthesized in Escherichia coli. Biochem J 15 November 1986; 240 (1): 1–12. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj2400001 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1986 London: The Biochemical Society1986 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs and the Risk of Alzheimer's Disease (2001)

The long-term use of NSAIDs may protect against Alzheimer's disease but not against vascular dementia.
Hydrophilic Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane, POSS(OH)32, as a Complexing Nanocarrier for Doxorubicin and Daunorubicin (2020)

A novel strategy, recently developed by us, to use polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) as an anti-cancer drug carrier is presented. Anthracycline:POSS complexes were prepared by simple co-addition of doxorubicin (DOX) or daunorubicin (DAU) with hydrophilic POSS(OH)<sub>32</sub>. Co-delivery of POSS and anthracyclines led to higher anti-cancer activity towards HeLa (cervical cancer endothelial) and MCF-7 (human breast adenocarcinoma) cell lines. The obtained supramolecular hybrid complexes were characterised by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy (nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy [NOESY] and homonuclear correlation spectroscopy [COSY]), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The two-dimensional (2D) NOESY spectra of the complexes showed the cross-correlation peaks for hydroxyl groups of POSS (~4.3-4.8 ppm) with OH groups of DOX and DAU. FTIR showed that hydroxyl group of POSS can interact with amine and hydroxyl groups of DOX and DAU. The viability of HeLa and MCF-7 was analysed with the MTT assay to evaluate the cytotoxicity of free DOX and DAU and the relevant complexes with POSS at different molar ratios. At a low DOX concentration (2.5 µM), for molar ratios 1:1, 1:4, and 1:8 (POSS:DOX), the complexes showed two and three times higher cytotoxicity towards HeLa and MCF-7 cells, respectively, than DOX itself after both 24- and 48-h incubation. The 1 µM concentration for a 1:4 POSS:DOX molecular ratio and the 2.5 µM concentration for all complexes were more toxic towards MCF-7 cells than free DOX after 48-h incubation. In the case of POSS:DAU complexes, there was higher toxicity than that of free drug after 48-h incubation. It can be concluded that the formation of non-covalent complexes increases toxicity of anthracycline drugs towards Hela and MCF-7 cells. The novel complexes are inexpensive to prepare and more effective than free drugs at low systemic toxicity.
Assessment of Attribute Importances and Consumer Utility Functions: Von Neumann-Morgenstern Theory Applied to Consumer Behavior (1979)

Journal Article Assessment of Attribute Importances and Consumer Utility Functions: von Neumann-Morgenstern Theory Applied to Consumer Behavior Get access John R. Hauser, John R. Hauser Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Glen L. Urban Glen L. Urban Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Consumer Research, Volume 5, Issue 4, March 1979, Pages 251–262, https://doi.org/10.1086/208737 Published: 01 March 1979 Article history Received: 01 June 1977 Revision received: 01 September 1978 Published: 01 March 1979
Growth factor treatment promotes mobilization of young but not aged adult subventricular zone precursors in response to demyelination (2002)

Precursor cells of the adult mouse subventricular zone (SVZ) are mobilized and recruited by a lysolecithin (LPC)-induced demyelination of the corpus callosum. Because age decreases the proliferation of the SVZ neural precursors as well as the potential for myelin repair of the adult central nervous system, we have compared the ability of young and aged adult neural precursors to respond to LPC-induced demyelination. With age, the SVZ cells lost their capacity to proliferate and to be recruited by the lesion. Whereas a single injection of fibroblast growth factor-2 or transforming growth factor-alpha stimulated the proliferation of SVZ and rostral migratory stream precursors in both groups of animals after demyelination, they favored recruitment at the lesion in young mice but not in aged ones. In vitro experiments using neurospheres derived from young and aged animals indicated that both populations have the same migratory performances. Our in vivo data thus suggest that aged neural precursors may loose their intrinsic capacities to respond to demyelination-induced signals. Alternatively, their function may be altered by modification of the aged extracellular environment.
Effect of number and frequency of inseminations on fertility of mares. (1982)

Data from 257 normally cyclic mares used in trials over a 10-year period were examined to establish the relationship between the number of inseminations per cycle, duration of oestrus and pregnancy rate. Mares that became pregnant were inseminated more (P less than 0.05) frequently per cycle than mares that did not become pregnant (3.4 versus 2.8). First-cycle pregnancy rates of 22.2, 34.0, 38.6, 52.5, 58.3 and 52.2% were attained when mares were inseminated 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 or more times per cycle, respectively. The duration of oestrus in mares that became pregnancy was longer (P less than 0.01) than in those that did not conceive (7.9 versus 6.4 days). Studies of 64 mares in the transitional season showed that first-cycle pregnancy rates for mares in which oestrus lasted less than 10, greater than or equal to 10, greater than or equal to 20, greater than or equal to 30 and greater than 40 days were 56.2, 76.2, 76.5, 77.3 and 88.9%, respectively. Overall pregnancy rates (after 3 cycles) were lower (P less than 0.05) for mares that had an initial oestrus of less than 10 days. Mares were inseminated every other day of oestrus with 100 X 10(6) progressively motile spermatozoa. First-cycle pregnancy rates were 64.3, 75.0 and 75.0% for mares inseminated 1-4, 5-10 and greater than or equal to 12 times per cycle, respectively. Fewer (P less than 0.05) mares became pregnant after 3 cycles when inseminated 1-4 times per cycle than did mares inseminated greater than or equal to 12 times per cycle (51.3 versus 75.0%). Numerous inseminations per cycle of mares with extended oestrus were not detrimental to fertility.
Enzymatic Defenses of the Mouse Heart Against Reactive Oxygen Metabolites (1980)

The endogenous defenses of the mouse heart against reactive oxygen metabolites were investigated. The activities of three enzymes capable of detoxifying activated oxygen were determined in both the heart and liver; cardiac muscle contains 150 times less catalase and nearly four times less superoxide dismutase than liver. Glutathione peroxidase activities were, however, similar to the two tissues. Assay of glutathione peroxidase in the heart after 6 wk of selenium depletion with both hydrogen peroxide and cumene hydroperoxide as substrates revealed a >80% drop in enzyme activity and gave no indication that murine cardiac tissue contains nonselenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase. The selenium-deficient state, which was characterized by markedly decreased cardiac glutathione peroxidase levels, led to significantly enhanced doxorubicin toxicity at a dose of 15 mg/kg i.p. Doxorubicin administration in selenium-sufficient animals resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in cardiac glutathione peroxidase activity; the decrease in enzyme activity lasted 72 h after 15 mg/kg i.p. In contrast, cardiac superoxide dismutase and hepatic superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were unaffected by this dose of doxorubicin. These results suggest that the major pathway in cardiac tissue for detoxification of reactive oxygen metabolites is via the concerted action of superoxide dismutase and selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase. The latter enzyme may be depleted by a selenium-deficient diet or doxorubicin treatment, leaving the heart with limited mechanisms for disposing of hydrogen peroxide or lipid peroxides.
Making More from Less: Strategic Demand Reduction in the FCC Spectrum Auctions (1997)

When multiple items are sold through the use of simultaneous ascending‐bid auctions, bidders can find it in their mutual interests to reduce their aggregate demand for the items while prices are still low relative to the bidders' valuations. The FCC's first broadband PCS auction provides examples of how such mutual reductions might be arranged even when the bidders are not allowed to communicate with one another outside of the auction arena.
Affective neuroscience and psychophysiology: Toward a synthesis (2003)

This article reviews the author's program of research on the neural substrates of emotion and affective style and their behavioral and peripheral biological correlates. Two core dimensions along which affect is organized are approach and withdrawal. Some of the key circuitry underlying approach and withdrawal components of emotion is reviewed with an emphasis on the role played by different sectors of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and amygdala. Affective style refers to individual differences in valence-specific features of emotional reactivity and regulation. The different parameters of affective style can be objectively measured using specific laboratory probes. Relations between individual differences in prefrontal and amygdala function and specific components of affective style are illustrated. The final section of the article concludes with a brief discussion of plasticity in the central circuitry of emotion and the possibility that this circuitry can be shaped by training experiences that might potentially promote a more resilient, positive affective style. The implications of this body of work for a broader conception of psychophysiology and for training the next generation of psychophysiologists are considered in the conclusion.
Leptin regulates proinflammatory immune responses (1998)

Obesity is associated with an increased incidence of infection, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, which together account for most obesity-related morbidity and mortality. Decreased expression of leptin or of functional leptin receptors results in hyperphagia, decreased energy expenditure, and obesity. It is unclear, however, whether defective leptin-dependent signal transduction directly promotes any of the conditions that frequently complicate obesity. Abnormalities in tumor necrosis factor alpha expression have been noted in each of the above comorbid conditions, so leptin deficiency could promote these complications if leptin had immunoregulatory activity. Studies of rodents with genetic abnormalities in leptin or leptin receptors revealed obesity-related deficits in macrophage phagocytosis and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines both in vivo and in vitro. Exogenous leptin up-regulated both phagocytosis and the production of proinflammatory cytokines. These results identify an important and novel function for leptin: up-regulation of inflammatory immune responses, which may provide a common pathogenetic mechanism that contributes to several of the major complications of obesity.
Neocortical cell counts in normal human adult aging (1987)

Fifty-one brains from clinically and neuropathologically normal individuals ranging in age from 24 to 100 years were studied to determine what changes occur in neocortical neuroectodermal cell populations as a function of normal aging. Twenty-mu-thick sections from the midfrontal, superior temporal, and inferior parietal areas were examined with an image-analysis apparatus with combined manual and automatic editing capacity. Neuroectodermal cells were counted, measured, and assigned to one of ten categories, which were later summarized in three: large neurons (greater than 90 mu 2), small neurons (41 to 90 mu 2), and glia (5 to 40 mu 2). Determinations were also made of brain weight, cortical thickness, neuronal density, neuron-glia ratio, and percentage of cell area. The results showed statistically significant age-related decrements in the following values: brain weight, cortical thickness in the midfrontal and superior temporal areas, large neurons in all three areas, and the neuron-glia ratio in the midfrontal and inferior parietal areas. The total number of neurons, neuronal density, and percentage of cell area were all unchanged. Increasing with age were the number of small neurons in the midfrontal cortex and glia in the midfrontal and superior temporal areas. The following conclusions were drawn: Aging affects the frontal and temporal lobes more than the parietal; the salient change is shrinkage of large neurons with consequently increasing numbers of small neurons; constant neuronal density coupled with diminished cortical volume (decreased brain weight and cortical thinning) indicate that there is some neuronal loss with age, but it is of much lesser magnitude than previously supposed; and the number of glia increases with age.
Proposed 1992 Guideline Amendments (1992)

Research Article| January 01 1992 Proposed 1992 Guideline Amendments Ronald Weich Ronald Weich Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Federal Sentencing Reporter (1992) 4 (4): 239–240. https://doi.org/10.2307/20639456 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Ronald Weich; Proposed 1992 Guideline Amendments. Federal Sentencing Reporter 1 January 1992; 4 (4): 239–240. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/20639456 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentFederal Sentencing Reporter Search This content is only available via PDF. Copyright 1992 Vera Institute of Justice, Inc. Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Biologic aspects of human immunodeficiency virus-related lymphoma (1992)

A high frequency of lymphoma in human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals has been reported since the outbreak of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic in 1982. In the vast majority of cases, these lymphomas are highly aggressive B-cell, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of intermediate or high grade of malignancy. AIDS-associated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma are histologically classified as small noncleaved cell lymphoma, large cell immunoblastic plasmacytoid lymphoma, or large noncleaved cell lymphoma. Host factors predisposing to lymphoma development in AIDS patients include decreased immunosurveillance as well as human immunodeficiency virus-induced chronic perturbation of the immune system leading to cytokine overproduction and increased B-cell stimulation. These alterations are associated with the development of multiple oligoclonal B-cell expansions, which are characterized by persistent generalized lymphadenopathy. The presence of Epstein-Barr virus within a persistent generalized lymphadenopathy clone further increases the risk of its neoplastic transformation. The appearance of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is characterized by the presence of a monoclonal B-cell population displaying several genetic lesions, including monoclonal Epstein-Barr virus infection, c-myc rearrangements, Ras mutations, and p53 inactivation. The number and type of lesions varies among the different types of AIDS-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, defining multiple alternative molecular pathways in AIDS-associated lympho-magenesis.
A deep learning approach to multiple kernel fusion (2017)

Kernel fusion is a popular and effective approach for combining multiple features that characterize different aspects of data. Traditional approaches for Multiple Kernel Learning (MKL) attempt to learn the parameters for combining the kernels through sophisticated optimization procedures. In this paper, we propose an alternative approach that creates dense embeddings for data using the kernel similarities and adopts a deep neural network architecture for fusing the embeddings. In order to improve the effectiveness of this network, we introduce the kernel dropout regularization strategy coupled with the use of an expanded set of composition kernels. Experiment results on a real-world activity recognition dataset show that the proposed architecture is effective in fusing kernels and achieves state-of-the-art performance.