gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tropomodulin is associated with the free (pointed) ends of the thin filaments in rat skeletal muscle. (1993)

The length and spatial organization of thin filaments in skeletal muscle sarcomeres are precisely maintained and are essential for efficient muscle contraction. While the major structural components of skeletal muscle sarcomeres have been well characterized, the mechanisms that regulate thin filament length and spatial organization are not well understood. Tropomodulin is a new, 40.6-kD tropomyosin-binding protein from the human erythrocyte membrane skeleton that binds to one end of erythrocyte tropomyosin and blocks head-to-tail association of tropomyosin molecules along actin filaments. Here we show that rat psoas skeletal muscle contains tropomodulin based on immunoreactivity, identical apparent mobility on SDS gels, and ability to bind muscle tropomyosin. Results from immunofluorescence labeling of isolated myofibrils at resting and stretched lengths using anti-erythrocyte tropomodulin antibodies indicate that tropomodulin is localized at or near the free (pointed) ends of the thin filaments; this localization is not dependent on the presence of myosin thick filaments. Immunoblotting of supernatants and pellets obtained after extraction of myosin from myofibrils also indicates that tropomodulin remains associated with the thin filaments. 1.2-1.6 copies of muscle tropomodulin are present per thin filament in myofibrils, supporting the possibility that one or two tropomodulin molecules may be associated with the two terminal tropomyosin molecules at the pointed end of each thin filament. Although a number of proteins are associated with the barbed ends of the thin filaments at the Z disc, tropomodulin is the first protein to be specifically located at or near the pointed ends of the thin filaments. We propose that tropomodulin may cap the tropomyosin polymers at the pointed end of the thin filament and play a role in regulating thin filament length.
Electric Field Alignment of Symmetric Diblock Copolymer Thin Films (2004)

The alignment of thin films of symmetric diblock copolymer of polystyrene and poly(methyl methacrylate), PS-b-PMMA, in an electric field was studied as a function of film thickness and interfacial energy using small-angle neutron scattering and transmission electron microscopy. There is a competition between the applied electric field, aligning the microdomains normal to the surface, and surface fields that tend to align the microdomains parallel to the surface. For films with thickness t < 10L0, where L0 is the equilibrium period of the copolymer in the bulk, interfacial interactions are dominant, and the lamellar microdomains orient parallel to the substrate surface regardless of the applied electric field. If t > 10L0, interfacial interactions become less important, and lamellar microdomains in the center of the films could be oriented in the direction of the applied field, i.e., normal to the surface. Transmission electron microscopy shows that the dominant mechanism of orientation is one where the lamellae are locally disrupted and re-form with an orientation in the direction of the applied field.
THE DIFFUSION OF GASES THROUGH POROUS MEDIA (1959)

Summary The effect of the obstruction of solid on the permeability of porous media is examined. From this it is concluded that, in Penman's equation for diffusion of gases through porous media, the constant 0.66 should be replaced by at where a is the porosity.
A pharmacogene database enhanced by the 1000 Genomes Project (2009)

Human genetic variation is likely to be responsible for a substantial fraction of the variability in complex traits including drug response. Single nucleotide polymorphisms have been implicated in drug response using genome-wide association studies as well as candidate-gene approaches. A more comprehensive catalogue of human genetic variation should complement the current large-scale genotypic dataset from the International HapMap Project, which focuses on common genetic variants. The 1000 Genomes Project is an international research effort that aims to provide the most comprehensive map of human genetic variation using next-generation sequencing platforms. Owing to the lack of convenient tools, however, it is a challenge for the pharmacogenetic research community to take advantage of these data. Here, we present a new database of some pharmacogenes of particular interest to pharmacogenetic researchers. Our database provides a convenient portal for immediate utilization of the newly released 1000 Genomes Project data in pharmacogenetic studies.
A Usability Study on Hand Gesture Controlled Operation of In-Car Devices (2001)

The aim of this study is to find out if hand gestures can reasonably be used to control in-car devices. Therefore, a set of consistent gestures which allow intuitive human machine interaction is searched. The results show a consistent gesture vocabulary for a variety of devices. Since this study is extremely dependent on its environment, in this paper mainly the methodology is described whereas about the results only a short overview is given. 1.
Neurologic effects of exogenous saccharides: A review of controlled human, animal, andin vitrostudies (2012)

Although the mechanisms by which exogenous saccharides can influence brain function are not well understood at this time, the literature suggests that certain naturally occurring compounds and polysaccharide-rich extracts show promise, when taken orally, in supporting neurologic health and function. Additional well-controlled clinical studies on larger populations are necessary, however, before specific recommendations can be made.
Structure and expression of the human immunoglobulin lambda genes. (1990)

We determined the DNA sequence of two large regions of chromosome 22: 33.7 kb containing the C lambda complex; and 5.2 kb 5' of the functionally rearranged lambda gene from the human myeloma, U266. Analysis of these sequences reveals the complete structure of the human C lambda complex and a previously undescribed seventh C lambda region that may encode the Ke+Oz- lambda protein. The seven constant regions are organized in a tandem array, and each is preceded by a single J lambda region. lambda 1, lambda 2, lambda 3, and lambda 7 are apparently active genes, while lambda 4, lambda 5, and lambda 6 are pseudogenes. There are no other J lambda or C lambda regions within a 60-kb region surrounding the C lambda complex; however, there are at least four other lambda-like genes and lambda pseudogenes in the human genome. The lambda genes appear to have evolved via a series of gene duplication events resulting from unequal crossing over or gene conversion between the highly conserved C lambda regions on mispaired chromosomes. The lack of Alu sequences in this large segment of DNA suggests that the C lambda complex resulted from a recent amplification of a smaller Alu-free segment of DNA. Illegitimate recombination between repeated sequences containing lambda 2 and lambda 3 may be responsible for variable amplification of the lambda genes. We also found a 1,377-bp open reading frame (ORF) located on the opposite strand in the region containing lambda 7. While this ORF is flanked by potential RNA splicing signals, we have no evidence that it is part of a functional gene. We also discovered a V lambda pseudogene, called psi V lambda 1, 3 kb upstream of the U266 lambda gene. Using primer extension analysis to map the transcription start in the human lambda gene, we have identified its initiation point 41 bp upstream of the initiation codon. Analysis of the lambda promoter reveals that it contains a TATAA box at position -29 relative to the transcription initiation site and an octamer sequence at -67. Computer analysis of 40 kb of DNA sequences surrounding the human lambda locus has revealed no sequences resembling the kappa or IgH transcriptional enhancers, nor have in vitro analyses for function revealed enhancer activity. A comparison of these results with those obtained in separate studies with transgenic mice point to a complex, developmentally linked mechanism of transcriptional activation.
AAV-Mediated Delivery of Zinc Finger Nucleases Targeting Hepatitis B Virus Inhibits Active Replication (2014)

Despite an existing effective vaccine, hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains a major public health concern. There are effective suppressive therapies for HBV, but they remain expensive and inaccessible to many, and not all patients respond well. Furthermore, HBV can persist as genomic covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) that remains in hepatocytes even during otherwise effective therapy and facilitates rebound in patients after treatment has stopped. Therefore, the need for an effective treatment that targets active and persistent HBV infections remains. As a novel approach to treat HBV, we have targeted the HBV genome for disruption to prevent viral reactivation and replication. We generated 3 zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs) that target sequences within the HBV polymerase, core and X genes. Upon the formation of ZFN-induced DNA double strand breaks (DSB), imprecise repair by non-homologous end joining leads to mutations that inactivate HBV genes. We delivered HBV-specific ZFNs using self-complementary adeno-associated virus (scAAV) vectors and tested their anti-HBV activity in HepAD38 cells. HBV-ZFNs efficiently disrupted HBV target sites by inducing site-specific mutations. Cytotoxicity was seen with one of the ZFNs. scAAV-mediated delivery of a ZFN targeting HBV polymerase resulted in complete inhibition of HBV DNA replication and production of infectious HBV virions in HepAD38 cells. This effect was sustained for at least 2 weeks following only a single treatment. Furthermore, high specificity was observed for all ZFNs, as negligible off-target cleavage was seen via high-throughput sequencing of 7 closely matched potential off-target sites. These results show that HBV-targeted ZFNs can efficiently inhibit active HBV replication and suppress the cellular template for HBV persistence, making them promising candidates for eradication therapy.
Efficacy and safety of the oral Janus kinase inhibitor peficitinib (ASP015K) monotherapy in patients with moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis in Japan: a 12-week, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase IIb study (2015)

NCT01649999; Results.
ETFs, Swaps, and Futures: Trade at Index Close (TIC) and the Coevolution of Financial Markets (2009)

Trade at Index Close (TIC) is a new futures order type that allows futures contracts to be traded at a price relative to the close of an underlying cash (e.g., equity or fixed income) index. TIC allows a significant reduction in the tracking error risk associated with using futures to obtain market exposures. This risk reduction could allow some ETF sponsors using derivatives-based architectures to shift from using swaps to using futures when futures contracts that deliver the proper exposures are available. This could facilitate the introduction and growth of new futures contracts as well. ETFs obtaining market exposures through futures contracts will have lower costs, increased transparency, and lower levels of counterparty risk. The expansion of the breadth of futures markets will reduce the cost of swaps and allow swap providers to more economically deliver targeted exposures.
Mesencephalic Astrocyte-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Is Neurorestorative in Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease (2009)

Neurotrophic factors are promising candidates for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD). Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) belongs to a novel evolutionarily conserved family of neurotrophic factors. We examined whether MANF has neuroprotective and neurorestorative effect in an experimental model of PD in rats. We also studied the distribution and transportation of intrastriatally injected MANF in the brain and compared it with glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF). Unilateral lesion of nigrostriatal dopaminergic system was induced by intrastriatal injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). Amphetamine-induced turning behavior was monitored up to 12 weeks after the unilateral lesion. The local diffusion at the injection site and transportation profiles of intrastriatally injected MANF and GDNF were studied by immunohistochemical detection of the unlabeled growth factors as well as by autoradiographic and gamma counting detection of (125)I-labeled trophic factors. Intrastriatally injected MANF protected nigrostriatal dopaminergic nerves from 6-OHDA-induced degeneration as evaluated by counting tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive cell bodies in the substantia nigra (SN) and TH-positive fibers in the striatum. More importantly, MANF also restored the function of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system when administered either 6 h before or 4 weeks after 6-OHDA administration in the striatum. MANF was distributed throughout the striatum more readily than GDNF. The mechanism of MANF action differs from that of GDNF because intrastriatally injected (125)I-MANF was transported to the frontal cortex, whereas (125)I-GDNF was transported to the SN. Our results suggest that MANF is readily distributed throughout the striatum and has significant therapeutic potential for the treatment of PD.
Promoter region of interleukin-2 gene undergoes chromatin structure changes and confers inducibility on chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene during activation of T cells. (1986)

The chromatin structure of the interleukin-2 (IL-2) gene was probed by DNase I treatment of isolated nuclei. The 5' region of the IL-2 gene contains three regions of hypersensitivity to DNase I. When peripheral blood T cells or Jurkat T cells are stimulated with mitogens, IL-2 message is induced, and the promoter region of the IL-2 gene develops an additional hypersensitive site. This suggests that a DNA sequence close to the transcriptional start site is involved in the transduction of the extracellular signal. Such a conclusion is further supported by DNA transfection experiments. A short segment of DNA, which includes the region of induced hypersensitivity, confers inducibility on the linked chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene in transiently transfected Jurkat cells. In addition, cells of nonhematopoietic origins exhibit a strikingly different chromatin pattern of IL-2, suggesting a role during differentiation for some of the hypersensitive sites.
Caenorhabditis elegans is a useful model for anthelmintic discovery (2015)

Parasitic nematodes infect one quarter of the world's population and impact all humans through widespread infection of crops and livestock. Resistance to current anthelmintics has prompted the search for new drugs. Traditional screens that rely on parasitic worms are costly and labour intensive and target-based approaches have failed to yield novel anthelmintics. Here, we present our screen of 67,012 compounds to identify those that kill the non-parasitic nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. We then rescreen our hits in two parasitic nematode species and two vertebrate models (HEK293 cells and zebrafish), and identify 30 structurally distinct anthelmintic lead molecules. Genetic screens of 19 million C. elegans mutants reveal those nematicides for which the generation of resistance is and is not likely. We identify the target of one lead with nematode specificity and nanomolar potency as complex II of the electron transport chain. This work establishes C. elegans as an effective and cost-efficient model system for anthelmintic discovery.
Russian SMS compliments (2007)

This study focuses on compliments in Russian language used in electronic communication. 187 examples of compliments sent from mobile phones by means of short message service (SMS) to the participants of a beauty contest that took place in a big west-Russian city were analysed. The language used in the short messages (SM) was similar to the spoken Russian language of young generation and contained incomplete sentences, slang words, etc. However, the compliments made by SMS were more expressive, more ingenious, and longer than the spoken Russian compliments. The cultural specifics of Russian SM and the specific features of SM as a discourse genre, which affect the compliment realization, are accented in the study.
Predicting response to therapy in acute asthma (2008)

Failure of initial therapy to improve expiratory flow predicts a more severe course and need for hospitalization. Although several score systems have been developed, different factors limit their applicability in the ED setting. Thus, peak expiratory flow rate measures at 15-60 min of treatment, joined with continuous monitoring of oxygen saturation may be the best ways to assess patients with acute asthma.
RGD sequence of foot-and-mouth disease virus isessential for infecting cells via the natural receptor but can be bypassed by anantibody-dependent enhancement pathway. (1994)

Foot-and-mouth disease virus appears to initiate infection by binding to cells at an Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) sequence found in the flexible beta G-beta H loop of the viral capsid protein VP1. The role of the RGD sequence in attachment of virus to cells was tested by using synthetic full-length viral RNAs mutated within or near the RGD sequence. Baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells transfected with three different RNAs carrying mutations bordering the RGD sequence produced infectious viruses with wild-type plaque morphology; however, one of these mutant viruses bound to cells less efficiently than wild type. BHK cells transfected with RNAs containing changes within the RGD sequence produced noninfectious particles indistinguishable from wild-type virus in terms of sedimentation coefficient, binding to monoclonal antibodies, and protein composition. These virus-like particles are defined as ads- viruses, since they were unable to adsorb to and infect BHK cells. These mutants were defective only in cell binding, since antibody-complexed ads- viruses were able to infect Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing an immunoglobulin Fc receptor. These results confirm the essential role of the RGD sequence in binding of foot-and-mouth disease virus to susceptible cells and demonstrate that the natural cellular receptor for the virus serves only to bind virus to the cell.
Working hard to know your neighbor's margins: Local descriptor learning loss (2017)

We introduce a novel loss for learning local feature descriptors which is inspired by the Lowe's matching criterion for SIFT. We show that the proposed loss that maximizes the distance between the closest positive and closest negative patch in the batch is better than complex regularization methods; it works well for both shallow and deep convolution network architectures. Applying the novel loss to the L2Net CNN architecture results in a compact descriptor -- it has the same dimensionality as SIFT (128) that shows state-of-art performance in wide baseline stereo, patch verification and instance retrieval benchmarks. It is fast, computing a descriptor takes about 1 millisecond on a low-end GPU.
Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Detection with Different Panels for Automated Susceptibility Testing and with a Chromogenic Medium (2008)

Infections caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)- and ampC beta-lactamase-producing gram-negative bacteria complicate therapy and limit treatment options. Several different panels for ESBL detection with automated systems exist. In addition, a chromogenic agar medium is available for ESBL screening. We compared two automated identification and susceptibility testing systems with regard to their effectiveness in detecting ESBL production in Enterobacteriaceae: the BD Phoenix system (BD Diagnostic Systems, Sparks, MD) and the Vitek 2 system (bioMerieux, Marcy l'Etoile, France). We tested 114 strains using the Etest as the standard, various available panels for both automated systems (for BD Phoenix, the NMIC/ID-50 and NMIC/ID-70 GN Combo panels for combined identification and susceptibility testing of gram-negative bacilli, and for Vitek 2, the ID-GNB panel for identification of gram-negative bacilli and the AST-N020, AST-N041, and AST-N062 panels for susceptibility testing), and a chromogenic agar medium (bioMérieux, Marcy l'Etoile, France). PCR for common ESBL gene families (encoding TEM, SHV, OXA, and CTX-M) and for chromosomal or plasmid-mediated ampC beta-lactamase genes was conducted to complete the study design. For the tested specimens overall, the chromID ESBL agar showed the highest sensitivity (95.8%) but the lowest specificity (10.5%) compared to the sensitivity and specificity of the Etest (chosen as reference by the authors) for the detection of ESBL-producing strains. The BD Phoenix system showed sensitivities of 77.1% and 84.2% and specificities of 61.5% and 75.0%, respectively, for the NMIC/ID-50 andNMIC/ID-70 panels. The sensitivity of the Vitek 2 system ranged from 78.8% (AST-N020) to 80.6% (AST-N062) and up to 84.2% (AST-N041). The specificities of the respective panels were 50.0% (AST-N041 and AST-N062) and 55.6% (AST-N020). In conclusion, the sensitivities and specificities of ESBL detection by the different methods differ depending on the microorganisms under study.
Inhibition of fatty acid synthesis induces programmed cell death in human breast cancer cells. (1996)

One of the key limiting factors in the treatment of advanced stage human epithelial malignancies is the lack of new, selective molecular targets for antineoplastic therapy. A substantial subset of human breast, ovarian, endometrial, colorectal, and prostatic cancers express elevated levels of fatty acid synthase, the major enzyme required for endogenous fatty acid biosynthesis, and carcinoma lines are growth inhibited by cerulenin, a noncompetitive inhibitor of fatty acid synthase. We have shown previously that the difference in fatty acid biosynthesis between cancer and normal cells is an exploitable target for metabolic inhibitors in the in vitro setting and in vivo in a human ovarian carcinoma xenograft in nude mice. Here, we report that cerulenin treatment of human breast cancer cells inhibits fatty acid synthesis within 6 h after exposure, that loss of clonogenic capacity occurs within the same interval, and that DNA fragmentation and morphological changes characteristic of apoptosis ensue.
Self-Seeded RSOAs WDM PON Field Trial for Business and Mobile Fronthaul Applications (2015)

GEth, CPRI and 10 Gbit/s transmissions are experimented using amplified and standard self-seeded RSOA WDM PON systems. A field trial setup was exploited to test the system performance in terms of reach and optical budget.
Managing Electronic Waste: Issues with Exporting E-Waste (2010)

Electronic waste (e-waste) is a term that is used loosely to refer to obsolete, broken, or irreparable electronic devices like televisions, computer central processing units (CPUs), and computer monitors. There are various issues of concern with regard to e-waste disposal and recycling. This report looks at issues specifically related to its export for recycling. Particularly, it discusses documented impacts to human health and the environment that have been tied to unsafe recycling practices in developing countries, as well as issues that have motivated certain stakeholders to divert e-waste from landfill disposal and, hence, increase recycling. It also provides an overview of various factors necessary to understand why e-waste disposal has become a concern in the United States, and it also discusses waste management requirements in the United States.
The Analgesic Domain of Interferon-α2b Contains an Essential Proline<sup>39</sup> Residue (2002)

Combining the sequence of the endomorphin, it is suggested that the Pro(39) residue is one of the constituents of the analgesic domain of IFN-alpha and contributes to IFN-alpha binding to the mu opioid receptor.
Multimodality imaging of percutaneous closure of the left atrial appendage (2005)

Lien vers le texte intégral http://eurheartj.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/reprint/27/6/640