gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High performance network i/o in virtual machines over modern interconnects (2008)

With the increasing size and complexity of modern computing systems, a balance between performance and manageability is becoming critical to achieve high performance as well as high productivity computing. Virtual Machine (VM) technology provides various features that help management issues on large-scale computing systems; however, performance concerns have largely blocked the deployment of VM-based computing, especially in the High-Performance Computing (HPC) area. 
This dissertation aims at reducing the virtualization overhead and achieving the co-existence of performance and manageability through VM technologies. We focus on I/O virtualization, designing an experimental VM-based computing framework, and addressing performance issues at different levels of the system software stack. We design VMM-bypass I/O, which achieves native I/O performance in VMs by taking advantage of the OS-bypass interconnects. Also with the OS-bypass interconnects, we propose high performance VM migration with Remote Direct Memory Access (RDMA), which drastically reduces the VM management cost. To further improve the communication efficiency on multi-core systems, we design Inter-VM Communication (IVC), a VM-aware communication library to allow efficient shared memory communication among VMs on the same physical host. Finally, we design MVAPICH2-ivc, an MPI library that is aware of VM-based environments and can transparently benefit HPC applications with our proposed designs. 
The dissertation concludes that performance should no longer be a barrier to deploying VM-based computing, which enhances productivity by achieving much improved manageability with very little sacrifice in performance.
A delicate issue (2000)

article Free Access Share on A delicate issue: what to do when the state of the practice leads the state of the art Author: Robert L. Glass View Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGMIS Database: the DATABASE for Advances in Information SystemsVolume 31Issue 2Spring 2000 pp 6–7https://doi.org/10.1145/381137.381138Online:01 May 2000Publication History 1citation36DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations1Total Downloads36Last 12 Months1Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Trip based optimal power management of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles using gas-kinetic traffic flow model (2008)

The plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV), utilizing more battery power, is considered a next-generation hybrid electric vehicles with great promise of higher fuel economy. The charge-depletion mode is more appropriate for the power management of PHEV, i.e. the state of charge (SOC) is expected to drop to a low threshold when the vehicle reaches the destination of the trip. Global optimization charge-depletion power management would be desirable. However, this has so far been hampered due the a priori nature of the trip information and the almost prohibitive computational cost of global optimization techniques such as dynamic programming (DP). This situation can be changed by the current advancement of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) based on the use of on-board GPS, GIS, real-time and historical traffic flow data and advanced traffic flow modeling techniques. In this paper, gas-kinetic base trip modeling approach was used for the highway portion trip and for the local road portion the traffic light sequences throughout the trip will be synchronized with the vehicle operation. Several trip models approaches were studied for a specific case. The simulation results demonstrated significant improvement in fuel economy using DP based charge-depletion control compared to rule based control. The gas-kinetic based trip model for the highway portion can describe the dynamics of the traffic flow on highway with on/off ramps which may be missed by the model which used only the main road detectors data.
A Drive in the Country (1990)

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Insecticidal Activity of Photoactive Dyes to American and Migratory Grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acrididae) (2000)

Many photoactive dyes are relatively nontoxic to vertebrates despite their insecticidal properties. Several photoactive dyes known to be toxic to some groups of insects were evaluated at various concentrations for toxicity to American and migratory grasshoppers in laboratory and field studies. Rose bengal and phloxine B were effective at inducing mortality of grasshoppers when applied at 2 and 5% to bran bait, though erythrosin B and uranine were ineffective. Partial replacement of phloxine with uranine in dye mixtures resulted in no significant loss of efficacy. Some indication of feeding inhibition was observed at high dye concentrations, so minimum effective dosages, probably 2%, are optimal. Phloxine B and rose bengal appeared to be stable upon exposure to sunlight, and able to withstand at least 24 h of sunlight without significant degradation. Dyes such as phloxine B could be a viable grasshopper control agent for small or medium-sized grasshopper species because mortality can be induced by consumption of a single flake dusted with 5% dye, and yet pose little hazard to vertebrates. Large species such as American grasshopper must consume several flakes before mortality is induced.
Technical results of Y-12/IAEA field trial of remote monitoring system (1997)

A Remote Monitoring System (RMS) field trial has been conducted with the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) on highly enriched uranium materials in a vault at the Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant. The RMS included a variety of Sandia, Oak Ridge, and Aquila sensor technologies which provide containment seals, video monitoring, radiation asset measurements, and container identification data to the on-site DAS (Data Acquisition System) by way of radio-frequency and Echelon LonWorks networks. The accumulated safeguards information was transmitted to the IAEA via satellite (COMSAT/RSI) and international telephone lines. The technologies tested in the remote monitoring environment are the RadCouple, RadSiP, and SmartShelf sensors from the ORSENS (Oak Ridge Sensors for Enhancing Nuclear Safeguards) technologies; the AIMS (Authenticated Item Monitoring System) motion sensor (AMS), AIMS fiber-optic seal (AFOS), ICAM (Image Compression and Authentication Module) video surveillance system, DAS (Data Acquisition System), and DIRS (Data and Image Review Station) from Sandia; and the AssetLAN identification tag, VACOSS-S seal, and Gemini digital surveillance system from Aquila. The field trial was conducted from October 1996 through May 1997. Tests were conducted during the monthly IAEA Interim Inventory Verification (IIV) inspections for evaluation of the equipment. Experience gained through the field trials will allow the technologies to be applied to various monitoring scenarios.
Serum Cystatin C, a New Marker of Glomerular Filtration Rate, Is Increased during Malignant Progression (1998)

Cystatin C has recently been shown to be an accurate marker of glomerular filtration rate with advantages over serum creatinine (1 , 2) . Cystatin C, a potent inhibitor of cysteine proteases, is found mainly in extracellular fluids such as blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and seminal plasma. Its low molecular weight and stable production rate indicate that the blood concentration of cystatin C is determined mainly by glomerular filtration. The production rate of cystatin C is less altered by nonrenal factors than is the production of creatinine, and it has been reported that circulating cystatin C concentrations are not affected by inflammatory conditions or malignancy …
Low-power approximate MAC unit (2017)

Sacrificing exact calculations to improve digital circuit performance is at the foundation of approximate computing. In this paper, an approximate multiply-and-accumulate (MAC) unit is introduced. The MAC partial product terms are compressed by using simple OR gates as approximate counters; moreover, to further save energy, selected columns of the partial product terms are not formed. A compensation term is introduced in the proposed MAC, to reduce the overall approximation error. A MAC unit, specialized to perform 2D convolution, is designed following the proposed approach and implemented in TSMC 40nm technology in four different configurations. The proposed circuits achieve power savings more than 60%, compared to standard, exact MAC, with tolerable image quality degradation.
Pyrimidine-Based Tricyclic Molecules as Potent and Orally Efficacious Inhibitors of Wee1 Kinase (2014)

Aided by molecular modeling, compounds with a pyrimidine-based tricyclic scaffold were designed and confirmed to inhibit Wee1 kinase. Structure-activity studies identified key pharmacophores at the aminoaryl and halo-benzene regions responsible for binding affinity with sub-nM K i values. The potent inhibitors demonstrated sub-μM activities in both functional and mechanism-based cellular assays and also possessed desirable pharmacokinetic profiles. The lead molecule, 31, showed oral efficacy in potentiating the antiproliferative activity of irinotecan, a cytotoxic agent, in a NCI-H1299 mouse xenograft model.
Immunoenzymoassay of the hyaluronic acid-hyaluronectin interaction: Application to the detection of hyaluronic acid in serum of normal subjects and cancer patients (1985)

The binding of a hyaluronic acid-binding glycoprotein, hyaluronectin (HN), isolated from human brain, to hyaluronic acid (HA) was investigated with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique using plastic microtest plates coated with a 50 mg/liter solution of HA in 0.1 M bicarbonate. Optimum conditions for HN binding to HA were in 0.2 M NaCl buffered with 0.1 M sodium phosphate at pH 7. An assay for HA in solution was set up exploiting the fact that HN binding could be inhibited by soluble HA. HA was preincubated for 1 h in a test tube with a 30-ng/ml HN solution (v/v) in the buffer containing 0.1% bovine serum albumin. Incubation on HA-coated microtest plate lasted 4 h and maximum sensitivity was achieved when incubation was carried out at 4 degrees C. HN bound to the plate was revealed by means of alkaline phosphatase-conjugated anti-HN antibodies. The test was used to measure HA inhibitory activity after depolymerization by ferrous ions. No difference was found between inhibitory activity or smaller fragments and that of high-molecular-weight HA. The assay was applied to determination of HA in sera. Specificity was demonstrated by Streptomyces hyaluronidase digestion of reactive material in sera. Other glycosaminoglycans did not interfere with the assay. Recovery of HA was good and intra- and interassay variation coefficients were 6 +/- 2.2 and 12%. In 103 blood donor sera, HA was found at 22.4 +/- 16.7 micrograms/liter. HA was elevated in most of the cancer patient sera tested.
Axial mode helical antennas (1986)

The radiation characteristics of helical antennas operating in the axial mode are evaluated on the basis of the theoretical current distributions and are verified by experimental work. A comparison between monofilar helix and bifilar helix antennas is made, and a helical antenna with a parasitic helix (HAP) is proposed in order to enhance the power gain. It is found that the gain of the HAP in which the parasitic helix is wound from a point diametrically opposite to that of one and one-half turns of the driven helix is about 1 dB higher than that of the monofilar helix. The ratio of the frequency band in which the HAP radiates a circularly polarized wave within an axial ratio of 3 dB is calculated to be 1:1.8.
Bibliometric Analysis of the "Health and Population: Perspectives and Issues (HPPI)" Journal during Year (2000-2010) (2014)

This study aims to present a bibliometric analysis of the Health and Population: Perspectives and Issues journal, the aim being to offer a summary of research activity in Public Health and characterize its most important aspects. The paper analyzes a bibliometric study of 254 articles published during the period January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2010 in the Health and Population: Perspectives and Issues journal. The paper covers the bibliometric analyses of year-wise distribution of articles, subject-wise distribution of articles, authorship patterns, citation count and geographical distribution of contributions.
Total Porosity and Particle Density of Fluid Catalysts by Liquid Titration (1956)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTotal Porosity and Particle Density of Fluid Catalysts by Liquid TitrationW. B. InnesCite this: Anal. Chem. 1956, 28, 3, 332–334Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1956Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1956https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60111a013https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60111a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views165Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Experimental relaxation of the pubic ligament of the guinea pig. (1926)

The extraordinary separation of the pubic bones of the guinea pig in late pregnancy has been recorded by several investigators. Todd1 has made the most recent contribution to this subject and has thoroughly discussed previous research as well as described the gradual changes that take place at the symphysis during normal pregnancy and the subsequent return to the post-parturient condition typical of multiparous females. The writer has been interested in this phenomena for the last four years, chiefly from the standpoint of its physiological explanation and possible correlation with a similar condition which has been studied in the pocket gopher.2 In the pocket gopher the pubic bones are resorbed at the symphysis before pregnancy occurs, and the reaction is governed by the ovary, while in the guinea pig relaxation of the pubis occurs during pregnancy and little or no bone is resorbed, but the connective tissue at the symphysis is greatly increased, allowing a marked separation of the bones.It has been poss...
Kinetic traps in the folding/unfolding of procaspase‐1 CARD domain (2004)

We have examined the folding and unfolding of the caspase recruitment domain of procaspase-1 (CP1-CARD), a member of the alpha-helical Greek key protein family. The equilibrium folding/unfolding of CP1-CARD is described by a two-state mechanism, and the results show CP1-CARD is marginally stable with a DeltaG(H2O) of 1.1 +/- 0.2 kcal/mole and an m-value of 0.65 +/- 0.06 kcal/mole/M (10 mM Tris-HCl at pH 8.0, 1 mM DTT, 25 degrees C). Consistent with the equilibrium folding data, CP1-CARD is a monomer in solution when examined by size exclusion chromatography. Single-mixing stopped-flow refolding and unfolding studies show that CP1-CARD folds and unfolds rapidly, with no detectable slow phases, and the reactions appear to reach equilibrium within 10 msec. However, double jump kinetic experiments demonstrate the presence of an unfolded-like intermediate during unfolding. The intermediate converts to the fully unfolded conformation with a half-time of 10 sec. Interrupted refolding studies demonstrate the presence of one or more nativelike intermediates during refolding, which convert to the native conformation with a half-time of about 60 sec. Overall, the data show that both unfolding and refolding processes are slow, and the pathways contain kinetically trapped species.
Isolation and characterization of an apoA-II-containing lipoprotein (LP-A-II:B complex) from plasma very low density lipoproteins of patients with Tangier disease and type V hyperlipoproteinemia. (1991)

Previous studies have shown that very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) from patients with Tangier disease are less effective as a substrate for human milk lipoprotein lipase (LPL) than VLDL from normal controls as assessed by measuring the first order rate constant (k1) of triglyceride hydrolysis. Tangier VLDL also has a higher content of apolipoprotein (apo) A-II than normal VLDL. To explore the possible relationship between the relatively high concentration of apoA-II in VLDL and low k1 values, Tangier VLDL were fractionated on an anti-apoA-II immunosorber. The retained fraction contained a newly identified triglyceride-rich lipoprotein characterized by the presence of apolipoproteins A-II, B, C-I, C-II, C-III, D, and E (LP-A-II:B:C:D:E or LP-A-II:B complex), whereas the unretained fraction consisted of previously identified triglyceride-rich apoB-containing lipoproteins free of apoA-II. In VLDL from patients with Tangier disease or type V hyperlipoproteinemia, the LP-A-II:B complex accounted for 70-90% and 25-70% of the total apoB content, respectively. The LP-A-II:B complexes had similar lipid and apolipoprotein composition; they were poor substrates for LPL as indicated by their low k1 values (0.014-0.016 min-1). In contrast, the apoA-II-free lipoproteins present in unretained fractions were effective substrates for LPL with k1 values equal to or greater than 0.0313 min-1. These results indicate that triglyceride-rich lipoproteins consist of several apoB-containing lipoproteins, including the LP-A-II:B complex, and that lipoprotein particles of similar size and density but distinct apolipoprotein composition also possess distinct metabolic properties.
Easy quantitative assessment of genome editing by sequence trace decomposition (2014)

The efficacy and the mutation spectrum of genome editing methods can vary substantially depending on the targeted sequence. A simple, quick assay to accurately characterize and quantify the induced mutations is therefore needed. Here we present TIDE, a method for this purpose that requires only a pair of PCR reactions and two standard capillary sequencing runs. The sequence traces are then analyzed by a specially developed decomposition algorithm that identifies the major induced mutations in the projected editing site and accurately determines their frequency in a cell population. This method is cost-effective and quick, and it provides much more detailed information than current enzyme-based assays. An interactive web tool for automated decomposition of the sequence traces is available. TIDE greatly facilitates the testing and rational design of genome editing strategies.
Intramolecular cavities in globular proteins (1994)

An analysis of internal cavities in 121 protein chains has been undertaken to improve the characterization of their occurrence, morphology and role in protein tertiary structure, including an analysis of the optimal probe size for use in their detection. A number of basic cavity characteristics were elucidated. Cavities are non-artefactual and apparently independent of the method of structure determination, resolution and refinement of the data. Overall cavity volume increases with protein size and yet constitutes only a small fraction of the total protein volume but cavities are nearly always present in proteins > 100 residues in size. They are most commonly found in the protein core. 'Empty' and solvent-containing cavities have been compared and solvated cavities found to possess a more polar surface; the two classes are also seen to exhibit different amino acid type and secondary structural preferences. In general, residues that enclose cavities do not display any extra local mobility relative to their surrounding environments. Water-containing cavities do not impose volume restrictions upon their internal solvent beyond that of bulk solvent and permit good hydrogen bonding. These results should prove useful in protein modelling and design.
CC‐1065 and the Duocarmycins: Understanding their Biological Function through Mechanistic Studies (1996)

Abstract We review here studies defining the DNA alkylation properties of a class of potent antitumor antibiotics that includes CC‐1065 and the duocarmycins, as well as investigations that delineate fundamental relationships between their structure, functional reactivity, and biological properties. In conjunction with the study of the natural products themselves, the examination of synthetic agents containing deep‐seated structural changes, the unnatural enantiomers of the natural products, and related analogs has defined the structural basis for the sequence selective alkylation of duplex DNA and proved to be the key to understanding the fundamental relationships between chemical structure, functional reactivity, and biological properties. The characteristic DNA alkylation proceeds by reversible, stereoelectronically controlled adenine‐N3 addition to the least substituted carbon of the activated cyclopropane within AT‐rich minor groove sites. Both the natural and unnatural enantiomers alkylate DNA, and the sequence selectivity of both is controlled and dominated by the preferential noncovalent binding of the agents within the narrower, deeper, AT‐rich minor groove and the steric accessibility to the alkylation site on penetration of this groove. Among the fundamental relationships between structure and properties, the most striking is the direct relationship between chemical or functional stability and biological potency. Within a short time, simplified and readily accessible synthetic agents rationally based on the natural product leads have been developed, which exhibit comparable and exceptional biological potency (IC 50 = 50 to 51 p M ) and improved efficacy. The fundamental relationships that have been defined to date can be expected to provide the foundation for future developments and advances.
A Quarter Century of Disk File Innovation (1981)

This paper traces the development of disk file technology from the first disk drive to the present. A number of innovative advances are reviewed in the evolution of mechanical design, materials, and processes. These advances constitute the technological base that has permitted almost four orders of magnitude of improvement in areal density; they are discussed from four interrelated aspects: the magnetic head and its air bearing support; the head positioning actuator; the disk substrate and its magnetic coating; and the read/write signal detection and clocking electronics.