gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Protection of Geoprivacy and Accuracy of Spatial Information: How Effective Are Geographical Masks? (2004)

Spatial analysis and mapping of georeferenced, individual-level data can help identify important geographical patterns or lead to knowledge significant for dealing with specific social issues in a particular area. However, given the need to protect personal privacy when using geospatial data, the possibility for undertaking geographical analysis on certain types of individual-level data is becoming increasingly circumscribed. This article addresses the need to protect geoprivacy while making georeferenced, individual-level data available in such a way that analytical results are not significantly affected. The effectiveness of three geographical masks with different perturbation radii (r) is examined using a data set for lung-cancer deaths in Franklin County, Ohio, in 1999. The findings reveal a rather consistent trade-off between data confidentiality and accuracy of analytical results. There seems to be a threshold r-value at which the results of analyses on masked data become substantially different from the original results. An r that produces an area about the average size of the study-area census-block groups achieves a desirable optimum trade-off between privacy protection and accuracy of results. The study shows that implementing appropriate geographical masks may help data managers or researchers establish the desirable trade-off, in a particular context, between privacy protection and accuracy of geographic information.
Hydrogen Storage in the Giant‐Pore Metal–Organic Frameworks MIL‐100 and MIL‐101 (2006)

Large hydrogen-storage capacity at liquid-nitrogen temperature is exhibited by the metal–organic framework MIL-101. In the zeotype architecture of this porous solid (see picture) each intersection of the cages is occupied by a supertetrahedron formed by trimers of chromium octahedra assembled with benzene-1,4-dicarboxylate ligands. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2006/z600105_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Vaccination-induced distemper in kinkajous. (1981)

Following vaccination for distemper, using a modified live-virus vaccine developed for dogs, 2 young kinkajous (Potos flavus) developed diarrhea, then central nervous system disease. Clinical signs included myoclonus, head trembling, loss of muscular coordination, and convulsions. One kinkajou gradually recovered; the other seemed to recover, then relapsed and was euthanatized. Microscopic lesions included those of interstitial pneumonia and enteritis and multifocal lymphocytic inflammation, gliosis, spongiosis, and swollen and degenerating axons in the cerebral, cerebellar, and brain stem white matter. Similar lesions were found at all caudally, as exemplified by complete destruction of the dorsal funiculi and dorsal horns of the gray matter of the upper sacral cord segments. Eosinophilic intranuclear inclusions were seen histologically in the glia in the spinal cord, midbrain, and cerebellum, and were confirmed as canine distemper viral inclusions by the fluorescent antibody method. It was concluded that modified live canine distemper virus vaccines should be used with caution or not at all in kinkajous.
Engineered stromal layers and continuous flow culture enhance multidrug resistance gene transfer in hematopoietic progenitors. (1996)

We recently reported that in stroma-free cultures 11-33% of clonogenic cells derived from a bulk long-term culture [long-term culture-clonogenic cells (LTC-CC)] could be transduced by supernatant exposure or coculture of human CD34+ progenitors with MDR retroviral producer line A12M1. We reasoned that a stromal cell layer may generate niches in which LTC-CC could enter in the S-phase, thus becoming a more accessible target for gene delivery. In static culture studies in flasks, human engineered stromal cell line L87/4 or stromal murine M2-10B4 cells were used as feeder after irradiation, and CD34+ cells from either cord blood or peripheral blood of mobilized cancer patients were exposed to MDR supernatant for 7 consecutive days before 5-week culture for LTC-CC evaluation. In continuous flow perfusion culture studies, CD34+ cells were seeded over irradiated stromal murine M2-1OB4 cells and exposed to MDR supernatant for 7 days before LTC-CC evaluation. In mock-transduced controls, <5% of LTC-CC were found to he viable after exposure to 10 ng/ml Taxol. In cells exposed to MDR supernatant in static stroma cultures, 68 +/- 4% of seeded LTC-CC were found to be drug resistant and express MDR mRNA as evaluated by reverse transcription-PCR analysis of single colonies. The addition of cytokines did not further enhance transfer efficiency. After MDR retroviral exposure in continuous flow cultures, 88 +/- 5% of LTC-CC were found to be drug resistant (P < 0.01 versus static stroma culture). P-glycoprotein expression in CD34+ cells was evaluated using flow cytometry and found to he higher after continuous flow versus static cultures. Finally, very high levels of P-glycoprotein expression after MDR supernatant exposure in the presence of stroma were confirmed by APAAP staining of cultured cells. We conclude that engineered stromal cell layers and continuous flow culture conditions can significantly enhance retroviral-mediated gene transfer into human hematopoietic progenitor cells.
Synthesizing Obama (2017)

Given audio of President Barack Obama, we synthesize a high quality video of him speaking with accurate lip sync, composited into a target video clip. Trained on many hours of his weekly address footage, a recurrent neural network learns the mapping from raw audio features to mouth shapes. Given the mouth shape at each time instant, we synthesize high quality mouth texture, and composite it with proper 3D pose matching to change what he appears to be saying in a target video to match the input audio track. Our approach produces photorealistic results.
Leonardo da Vinci's flights of the mind must continue: cardiac architecture and the fundamental relation of form and function revisited (2006)

This overview addresses the remarkable efficiency of the mammalian heart as a pump of unique capacity to quickly vary output and ejection velocity and its relation to ventricular geometry, fiber architecture, integrity of collagen scaffold and microvasculature and appropriate electrical activation. The unique functional capacity of the ventricle depends critically on the organization of cardiac muscle fibers in layers of counter-wound helices encircling the ventricular cavity in a pattern that allows a special twisting motion during systole and early diastole, essential to the mechanical efficiency of the normal ventricle to eject and suction venous return. The important contribution of advances in imaging techniques is reviewed, especially magnetic resonance with tagging and tensor analysis to define fiber orientation; these measurements are made without the use of implanted devices that can distort structure and even impair function. The impact of loss of optimal fiber orientation and geometry of the ventricle as a result of diseases that cause heart failure is analyzed, along with the possibility of improvement by carefully planned surgical restoration of ventricular geometry. The very encouraging results yielded by these therapeutic strategies are critically dependent on a clear understanding of the relation of structure and function that our analysis attempts to promote. Simultaneously, there is full acknowledgment of the unanswered questions that are inevitable but equally essential to the continuing search that scientific progress depends on.
Rendering with coherent layers (1997)

For decades, animated cartoons and movie special effects have factored the rendering of a scene into layers that are updated independently and composed in the final display. We apply layer factorization to real-time computer graphics. The layers allow targeting of resources, whether the ink and paint artists of cartoons or the graphics pipeline as described here, to those parts of the scene that are most important.
Distance between substrate sites on the Na-glucose cotransporter by fluorescence energy transfer. (1986)

Covalent fluorescent probes were used to label the rabbit intestinal brush border Na+-glucose cotransporter at the putative glucose and Na+ binding sites, and a steady-state fluorescence energy transfer technique was used to measure the distance between the two binding sites. In both intact brush border membrane vesicles and partially purified soluble protein, the distance (R2/3) between the Na+ and glucose sites was approximately equal to 35 A. This distance was the same with four different donor/acceptor pairs with different transfer efficiencies, by donor quantum yield measurements, or sensitized acceptor fluorescence. The fact that the Na+ site and glucose site probes bind to a 75-kDa polypeptide, copurify with the same isoelectric point (pI 5.3) and retain function, and exhibit energy transfer indicates that the sites are on the same 75-kDa polypeptide. The large distance between the Na+ and glucose site probes raises questions about simple models of frictional interactions between the two substrates during the transport cycle.
Strengths and weaknesses of weak-strong cluster problems: A detailed overview of state-of-the-art classical heuristics versus quantum approaches (2016)

To date, a conclusive detection of quantum speedup remains elusive. Recently, a team by Google Inc. [V. S. Denchev et al., Phys. Rev. X 6, 031015 (2016)] proposed a weak-strong cluster model tailored to have tall and narrow energy barriers separating local minima, with the aim to highlight the value of finite-range tunneling. More precisely, results from quantum Monte Carlo simulations as well as the D-Wave 2X quantum annealer scale considerably better than state-of-the-art simulated annealing simulations. Moreover, the D-Wave 2X quantum annealer is $\ensuremath{\sim}{10}^{8}$ times faster than simulated annealing on conventional computer hardware for problems with approximately ${10}^{3}$ variables. Here, an overview of different sequential, nontailored, as well as specialized tailored algorithms on the Google instances is given. We show that the quantum speedup is limited to sequential approaches and study the typical complexity of the benchmark problems using insights from the study of spin glasses.
Internal genome deletions in two distinct classes of defective interfering particles of vesicular stomatitis virus. (1979)

We have characterized the genome sequences represented in two defective interfering particles derived from the heat-resistant strain of vesicular stomatitis virus by means of end-labeling and hybridization techniques. Both defective particle RNAs, which differ slightly in size, contain 5'-end sequences identical to each other and to that of the standard infectious virus genome, for at least the first approximately 55 bases. In contrast, the 3'-end sequences of these two RNAs are different. The 3'-end sequence of the smaller RNA is identical to that of the standard genome for at least the first 48 bases. The 3'-end sequence of the larger RNA is an inverted complement of its 5' end for approximately 65 bases. The bulk of the sequences in both RNAs is derived from the 3' half of the standard genome. We also show that the two defective particles differ in vitro transcription and in vivo replication properties. These results provide direct evidence for the presence of internal genome deletions in defective interfering particles of negative-stranded RNA animal viruses and demonstrate the existence of at least two distinct classes of these particles.
Sources of variability in estimating ornithine decarboxylase activity and polyamine contents in human colorectal mucosa. (1994)

The activity of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), the first enzyme in polyamine synthesis, is elevated during epithelial carcinogenesis. Since this enzyme is a target for colon and other cancer chemoprevention strategies, we sought to identify sources of variability affecting the measurement of tissue ODC activities and polyamine contents. Multiple colorectal biopsies were obtained from 39 patients undergoing colonoscopy. Biopsy size affected polyamine but not ODC values. Spermidine (spd):spermine (spm) ratios varied less than the contents of the individual amines. Bowel preparation methods did not affect any of the measurements. ODC activities and spd:spm ratios did not vary with bowel location. Lab assay methods contributed to sources of error. Variability was greatest for polyamine content measurements but was reduced when polyamine contents were analyzed as spd:spm ratios. Intrapatient variability of these parameters was as great or greater than interpatient variability. When measured in apparently unaffected colorectal mucosa, none of these parameters were significantly correlated with prior polyp history, number of prevalent polyps found at current colonoscopy, or polyp size. Thus, neither ODC activity nor polyamine contents of normal mucosa appear to be discriminatory markers of colorectal carcinogenesis. However, spd:spm ratios, which show the least variability among measures of polyamine contents, should be a good marker of the consequence of polyamine synthesis inhibition in chemoprevention trials.
PREMIA IN EMERGING MARKET ADR PRICES: EVIDENCE FROM CHILE (1999)

The impact of issuing American Depository Receipts on the wealth of Latin American shareholders has been rarely discussed in the specialized literature. The Event Study methodology is used to analyze the reaction to Public Announcement of ADRs. Using several model specifications the results robustly indicate that prices incorporate such announcement in a positive statistically and economically significant way with a cumulative average-abnormal return of 5% in three days and a 9% for a window of twenty one days.
Analysis of the Parameters of Magnetocardiography Depending on the Age and Gender (2007)

Magnetocardiography (MCG) is a device to measure the magnetic field from the heart. It is a noninvasive device and takes only few minutes to record magnetocardiogram from a subject. In this study, we compared the difference of MCG data recorded from 56 normal subjects in early twenties (28 males and 28 females, mean years) and 36 elderly subjects (20 males and 16 females, mean years) for the analysis of the age and gender difference. A total of 24 parameters used in the analysis were derived from QRS complex, R-wave, T-wave, and ST-T period. As a result, seven parameters including maximum current angle and map angle showed the significant difference (p
Cisco TCP/IP routing professional reference (1997)

The basic of TCP?IP TCP/IP communications overview routing protocols used in TCP/IP networks the basic of Cisco Routers - product overview Routers Basics configuring Cisco Routers getting started with a network - when things go wrong Troubleshooting Router hardware Troubleshooting TCP/IP connectivity Troubleshooting LAN, WAN, and serial line problems Troubleshooting performance problems network security.
A Simple Sequence Repeat-Based Linkage Map of Barley (2000)

A total of 568 new simple sequence repeat (SSR)-based markers for barley have been developed from a combination of database sequences and small insert genomic libraries enriched for a range of short simple sequence repeats. Analysis of the SSRs on 16 barley cultivars revealed variable levels of informativeness but no obvious correlation was found with SSR repeat length, motif type, or map position. Of the 568 SSRs developed, 242 were genetically mapped, 216 with 37 previously published SSRs in a single doubled-haploid population derived from the F(1) of an interspecific cross between the cultivar Lina and Hordeum spontaneum Canada Park and 26 SSRs in two other mapping populations. A total of 27 SSRs amplified multiple loci. Centromeric clustering of markers was observed in the main mapping population; however, the clustering severity was reduced in intraspecific crosses, supporting the notion that the observed marker distribution was largely a genetical effect. The mapped SSRs provide a framework for rapidly assigning chromosomal designations and polarity in future mapping programs in barley and a convenient alternative to RFLP for aligning information derived from different populations. A list of the 242 primer pairs that amplify mapped SSRs from total barley genomic DNA is presented.
Recent Developments in Fast Neutron Detection and Multiplicity Counting with Liquid Scintillator (2011)

For many years, LLNL researchers have been developing time‐correlated neutron detection techniques and algorithms for applications such as Arms Control, Threat Detection and Nuclear Material Assay. Many of the techniques have been developed specifically for the relatively low efficiency (a few percent) attainable by detector systems limited to man‐portability. Historically, thermal neutron detectors (mainly 3He) were used, taking advantage of the high thermal neutron interaction cross sections. More recently, we have been investigating the use of fast neutron detection with liquid scintillators, inorganic crystals, and in the near future, pulse‐shape discriminating plastics that respond over 1000 times faster (ns versus tens of μs) than thermal neutron detectors. Fast neutron detection offers considerable advantages since the inherent ns production timescales of spontaneous fission and neutron‐induced fission are preserved and measured instead of being lost by thermalization required for thermal neutron detectors. We are now applying fast neutron technology to the safeguards regime in the form of fast portable digital electronics as well as faster and less hazardous scintillator formulations. Faster detector response times and sensitivity to neutron momentum show promise for measuring, differentiating, and assaying samples that have modest to very high count rates, as well as mixed fission sources like Cm and Pu. We report on measured results with our existing liquid scintillator array and progress on the design of a nuclear material assay system that incorporates fast neutron detection, including the surprising result that fast liquid scintillator detectors become competitive and even surpass the precision of 3He‐based counters measuring correlated pairs in modest (kg) samples of plutonium.
A human Y-chromosome specific repeated DNA family (DYZ1) consists of a tandem array of pentanucleotides (1986)

We have determined the complete nucleotide sequence of a 3564 bp EcoRI fragment which represents a major component of the human Y-chromosome specific repeated DNA family (DYZ1). Sequencing result showed a tandem array of pentanucleotides after five nucleotides were inserted or deleted at four positions. 229 out of the 713 pentanucleotides were TTCCA, and 297 were its single-base substituents. Southern hybridization analyses of male genomic DNAs showed that several endonuclease cleavage sites were located at intervals of 3.56kb in the DYZ1 locus. This indicates that the DYZ1 repeated DNA family evolved and expanded by unequal crossovers which occurred at distances of 3.56kb. As there is a uniformly distributed array of pentanucleotides on this locus, it is not a sequence homology that determines the distance of unequal crossovers. A higher order of chromatin structure may be involved in the determination of distance in unequal crossovers.
Immortalized human corneal epithelial cells for ocular toxicity and inflammation studies. (1999)

The CEPI-17-CL4 cells are truly immortal and express an extensive array of cytokines, growth factors, and metabolic enzymes that resemble the original tissue. These characteristics, which remain stable up to high passage, will allow reproducible, mechanistic studies on toxicity, inflammation, and wound healing.
The putative monocarboxylate permeases of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae do not transport monocarboxylic acids across the plasma membrane (2001)

We have characterized the monocarboxylate permease family of Saccharomyces cerevisiae comprising five proteins. We could not find any evidence that the monocarboxylate transporter-homologous (Mch) proteins of S. cerevisiae are involved in the uptake or secretion of monocarboxylates such as lactate, pyruvate or acetate across the plasma membrane. A yeast mutant strain deleted for all five MCH genes exhibited no growth defects on monocarboxylic acids as the sole carbon and energy sources. Moreover, the uptake and secretion rates of monocarboxylic acids were indistinguishable from the wild-type strain. Additional deletion of the JEN1 lactate transporter gene completely blocked uptake of lactate and pyruvate. However, uptake of acetate was not even affected after the additional deletion of the gene YHL008c, which had been proposed to code for an acetate transporter. The mch1-5 mutant strain showed strongly reduced biomass yields in aerobic glucose-limited chemostat cultures, pointing to the involvement of Mch transporters in mitochondrial metabolism. Indeed, intracellular localization studies indicated that at least some of the Mch proteins reside in intracellular membranes. However, pyruvate uptake into isolated mitochondria was not affected in the mch1-5 mutant strain. It is concluded that the yeast monocarboxylate transporter-homologous proteins perform other functions than do their mammalian counterparts.
Human cells contain a DNA-activated protein kinase that phosphorylates simian virus 40 T antigen, mouse p53, and the human Ku autoantigen. (1990)

HeLa cells contain a serine/threonine protein kinase (DNA-PK) that is strongly activated in vitro by low concentrations of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA). Activation was specific for dsDNA; both natural DNAs and synthetic oligonucleotides functioned as kinase activators. The fact that DNA-PK activity was rapidly inhibited by incubation with dsDNA and ATP suggests that DNA-PK activity also may be regulated by autophosphorylation. During gel filtration, DNA-PK activity behaved as a 350-kDa protein, and highly purified DNA-PK contained a dsDNA-binding, 350-kDa polypeptide that was phosphorylated in a dsDNA-dependent manner. We conclude that this 350-kDa polypeptide is likely to be DNA-PK. Previously we showed that the dsDNA-activated kinase phosphorylates two threonines at the N terminus of hsp90 alpha (S. P. Lees-Miller and C. W. Anderson, J. Biol. Chem. 264:17275-17280, 1989). Here we show that DNA-PK also phosphorylates the simian virus 40 large tumor antigen, the mouse tumor-suppressor protein p53, the human Ku autoantigen, and two unidentified HeLa DNA-associated polypeptides of 52 and 110 kDa. Identification of these and other newly identified DNA-binding substrates suggest that the dsDNA-activated kinase may regulate transcription, DNA replication, or cell growth.
Effects of monthly intramuscular neridronate in rheumatic patients in chronic treatment with low-dose glucocorticoids. (2009)

A twelve-month intramuscular NE treatment in rheumatic patients under GCs therapy improves lumbar and femoral BMD and mainly reduces the markers of bone resorption.