gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Coronary calcification and its relation to extracoronary atherosclerosis in asymptomatic hypercholesterolemic men. The PCV METRA Group. (1992)

The close relation between coronary calcium and extracoronary plaques suggests that echography of extracoronary vessels could aid in the screening of coronary atherosclerosis in high-risk, asymptomatic individuals.
Computer-Assisted Diagnosis of Alcoholism (1989)

The use of computer-assisted interviews in the diagnosis of psychiatric conditions has increased since researchhas shown such interviews to have adequate psychometric properties and to be acceptable to patients. This study uses a computer-assisted format to assess drinking behaviors and alcohol-related symptoms in 50 veterans hospitalized for alcohol dependence. A computerized version of the Michigan Alcohol Screening Test (C-MAST) is compared to the standardized MAST, substantiating the earlier finding that individuals are more willing to reveal negatively-sanctioned behaviors to a computer than to an individual or on a questionnaire. The usefulness of such an assessment tool in general practice is discussed.
Novel Sources of Fetal Stem Cells: Where do they Fit on the Developmental Continuum? (2009)

The recent isolation of fetal stem cells from several sources either at the early stages of development or during the later trimesters of gestation, sharing similar growth kinetics and expressing pluripotency markers, provides strong support to the notion that these cells may be biologically closer to embryonic stem cells, actually representing intermediates between embryonic stem cells and adult mesenchymal stem cells, regarding proliferation rates and plasticity features, and thus able to confer an advantage over postnatal mesenchymal stem cells derived from conventional adult sources such as bone marrow. This conclusion has been strengthened by the different pattern of growth potential between the two stage-specific types of sources, as assessed by transcriptomic and proteomic analysis. A series of recent studies regarding the numerous novel features of fetal stem cells has reignited our interest in the field of stem-cell biology and in the possibilities for the eventual repair of damaged organs and the generation of in vitro tissues on biomimetic scaffolds for transplantation. These studies, employing elegant approaches and novel technologies, have provided new insights regarding the nature and the potential of fetal stem cells derived from placenta, amniotic fluid, amnion or umbilical cord. In this update, we highlight the major progression that has occurred in fetal stem-cell biology and discuss the most important areas for future investigation in the field of regenerative medicine.
Identification and cloning of the porcine ROSA26 promoter and its role in transgenesis (2014)

Introduction The current goal of xenotransplantation is to genetically modify pigs to overcome the acute humoral response and thrombocytopenia that limits long term transplantation of pig organs [1]. The success of xenotransplantation relies on the application of molecular biology tools to insert a transgene or silence a xenoantigen gene to prevent
Direct binding of collagen to the I domain of integrin alpha 2 beta 1 (VLA-2, CD49b/CD29) in a divalent cation-independent manner (1994)

Integrin alpha 2 beta 1 is a major divalent cation-dependent receptor for collagen. Here, we show that the recombinant inserted/interactive domain (I domain) of alpha 2 specifically interacts with collagen, indicating the I domain contains all the components necessary for collagen binding. Evidence was obtained that divalent cations are not required for collagen binding to the I domain fragment, indicating that divalent cations are not involved in the actual binding to collagen but probably in the regulation of the binding. We identified Thr-221 within the previously identified putative ligand binding region as a residue critical for collagen binding to both alpha 2 beta 1 and the I domain fragment. Thr-221 may be involved in the actual collagen binding and recognition.
EHRA/HRS Expert Consensus on Catheter Ablation of Ventricular Arrhythmias: Developed in a partnership with the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA), a Registered Branch of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC), and the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS); in collaboration with the American College of Cardiology (ACC) and the American Heart Association (AHA) (2009)

The purpose of this Consensus Statement is to provide a state-of-the-art review of the field of catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia (VT), and to report the findings of a Task Force, convened by the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) and the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS) that was charged with defining the indications, techniques, and outcomes of this procedure. This statement summarizes the opinion of the Task Force members based on their own experience in treating patients, as well as a review of the literature. It is directed to all healthcare professionals who treat patients who are considered for catheter ablation of VT. This statement is not intended to recommend or promote catheter ablation of VT. Rather, the ultimate judgement regarding care of a particular patient must be made by the healthcare provider and the patient with consideration of the individual patient characteristics that impact on risks and benefits of the therapy. In writing a ‘consensus’ document, it is recognized that consensus does not mean that there was complete agreement among all Task Force members. We identified those aspects of VT ablation for which a true ‘consensus’ could be identified. Surveys of the entire Task Force were used to identify these areas of consensus. For the purposes of this Consensus Document, we defined a consensus as 70% or greater agreement by the members of this task force. One objective of this document is to improve patient care by summarizing the foundation of knowledge for those involved with catheter ablation of VT. All members of the Task Force, as well as peer reviewers of the document, were asked to provide disclosure statements of all relationships that might be perceived as real or potential conflicts of interest. Disclosures for the members of the task force are given in the Appendix section.

Catheter ablation …
Poly-β amino ester-containing microparticles enhance the activity of nonviral genetic vaccines (2004)

Current nonviral genetic vaccine systems are less effective than viral vaccines, particularly in cancer systems where epitopes can be weakly immunogenic and antigen-presenting cell processing and presentation to T cells is down-regulated. A promising nonviral delivery method for genetic vaccines involves microencapsulation of antigen-encoding DNA, because such particles protect plasmid payloads and target them to phagocytic antigen-presenting cells. However, conventional microparticle formulations composed of poly lactic-co-glycolic acid take too long to release encapsulated payload and fail to induce high levels of target gene expression. Here, we describe a microparticle-based DNA delivery system composed of a degradable, pH-sensitive poly-beta amino ester and poly lactic-co-glycolic acid. These formulations generate an increase of 3-5 orders of magnitude in transfection efficiency and are potent activators of dendritic cells in vitro. When used as vaccines in vivo, these microparticle formulations, unlike conventional formulations, induce antigen-specific rejection of transplanted syngenic tumor cells.
1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 Prevents Insulitis in NOD Mice (1992)

The active form of vitamin D, 1,25(OH)2D3, can prevent various forms of experimentally induced autoimmune disorders. The aim of this study was to confirm these findings in NOD mice that spontaneously develop an autoimmune type of diabetes mellitus. Therefore, the effect of a long-term 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment on the incidence of insulitis, the histological lesion preceding diabetes, was studied. Forty-three NOD mice were treated with 1,25(OH)2D3 (5 micrograms/kg) i.p. every other day from age 21 days on, when no insulitis was present yet. At day 100, 16 control mice receiving the treatment vehicle (arachis oil) had an incidence of insulitis of 75%, whereas only 41% of the 1,25(OH)2D3-treated animals developed insulitis (P < 0.025). Calcemia, determined 24 h after the last 1,25(OH)2D3 injection was 2.5 +/- 0.1 mM, which was higher than in control animals (2.3 +/- 0.1 mM), but was well tolerated. Cellular immunity, as assessed with the mixed lymphocyte reaction performed at day 100, was not impaired significantly. This study demonstrates that long-term treatment with high doses of 1,25(OH)2D3 is able to decrease the incidence of insulitis in spontaneous autoimmune diabetes without major side effects.
Induction of p130 cas Signaling Complex Formation upon Integrin-Mediated Cell Adhesion: a Role for Src Family Kinases (1996)

Integrin-mediated cell adhesion triggers intracellular signaling cascades, including tyrosine phosphorylation of intracellular proteins. Among these are the focal adhesion proteins p130cas (Cas) and focal adhesion kinase (FAK). Here we identify the kinase(s) mediating integrin-induced Cas phosphorylation and characterize protein-protein interactions mediated by phosphorylated Cas. We found that expression of a constitutively active FAK in fibroblasts results in a consecutive tyrosine phosphorylation of Cas. This effect required the autophosphorylation site of FAK, which is a binding site for Src family kinases. Integrin-mediated phosphorylation of Cas was not, however, compromised in fibroblasts lacking FAK. In contrast, adhesion-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of Cas was reduced in cells lacking Src, whereas enhanced phosphorylation of Cas was observed Csk- cells, in which Src kinases are activated. These results suggest that Src kinases are responsible for the integrin-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation of Cas. FAK seems not to be necessary for phosphorylation of Cas, but when autophosphorylated, FAK may recruit Src family kinases to phosphorylate Cas. Cas was found to form complexes with Src homology 2 (SH2) domain-containing signaling molecules, such as the SH2/SH3 adapter protein Crk, following integrin-induced tyrosine phosphorylation. Guanine nucleotide exchange factors C3G and Sos were found in the Cas-Crk complex upon integrin ligand binding. These observations suggest that Cas serves as a docking protein and may transduce signals to downstream signaling pathways following integrin-mediated cell adhesion.
The Cytoskeleton and Cell Signaling: Component Localization and Mechanical Coupling (1998)

The three-dimensional intracellular network formed by the filamentous polymers comprising the cytoskeletal affects the way cells sense their extracellular environment and respond to stimuli. Because the cytoskeleton is viscoelastic, it provides a continuous mechanical coupling throughout the cell that changes as the cytoskeleton remodels. Such mechanical effects, based on network formation, can influence ion channel activity at the plasma membrane of cells and may conduct mechanical stresses from the cell membrane to internal organelles. As a result, both rapid responses such as changes in intracellular Ca2+ and slower responses such as gene transcription or the onset of apoptosis can be elicited or modulated by mechanical perturbations. In addition to mechanical features, the cytoskeleton also provides a large negatively charged surface on which many signaling molecules including protein and lipid kinases, phospholipases, and GTPases localize in response to activation of specific transmembrane receptors. The resulting spatial localization and concomitant change in enzymatic activity can alter the magnitude and limit the range of intracellular signaling events.
Evidence for Multiple Mechanisms in Human Ventricular Fibrillation (2006)

Our data support both the mother rotor and multiple wavelet mechanisms of VF, which do not appear to be mutually exclusive in the human heart.
Identification and Characterization of AberrantGAAPre-mRNA Splicing in Pompe Disease Using a Generic Approach (2014)

Identification of pathogenic variants in monogenic diseases is an important aspect of diagnosis, genetic counseling, and prediction of disease severity. Pathogenic mechanisms involved include changes in gene expression, RNA processing, and protein translation. Variants affecting pre-mRNA splicing are difficult to predict due to the complex mechanism of splicing regulation. A generic approach to systematically detect and characterize effects of sequence variants on splicing would improve current diagnostic practice. Here, it is shown that such approach is feasible by combining flanking exon RT-PCR, sequence analysis of PCR products, and exon-internal quantitative RT-PCR for all coding exons. Application of this approach to one novel and six previously published variants in the acid-alpha glucosidase (GAA) gene causing Pompe disease enabled detection of a total of 11 novel splicing events. Aberrant splicing included cryptic splice-site usage, intron retention, and exon skipping. Importantly, the extent of leaky wild-type splicing correlated with disease onset and severity. These results indicate that this approach enables sensitive detection and in-depth characterization of variants affecting splicing, many of which are still unrecognized or poorly understood. The approach is generic and should be adaptable for application to other monogenic diseases to aid in improved diagnostics.
Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Profile of Supratherapeutic Oral Doses of Δ9‐THC in Cannabis Users (2013)

Oral Δ(9) -tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ(9) -THC) has been evaluated as a medication for cannabis dependence, but repeated administration of acute oral doses up to 40 mg has not been effective at reducing drug-taking behavior. Larger doses might be necessary to affect cannabis use. The purpose of the present study was therefore to determine the physiological and behavioural effects of oral Δ(9) -THC at acute doses higher than those tested previously. The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile of oral Δ(9) -THC, administered in ascending order in 15 mg increments across separate sessions, up to a maximum of 90 mg, was determined in seven cannabis users. Five subjects received all doses and two experienced untoward side effects at lower doses. Δ(9) -THC produced a constellation of effects consistent with previous clinical studies. Low cannabinoid concentrations were associated with significant effects on drug-sensitive measures, although progressively greater levels did not lead to proportionately larger drug effects. Considerable variability in Cmax and tmax was observed. Doses of oral Δ(9) -THC larger than those tested previously can be administered to individuals with a history of cannabis use, although given the pharmacokinetic variability of oral Δ(9) -THC and individual differences in sensitivity, individualized dose adjustment is needed to avoid side effects and maximize therapeutic response.
Cloning and characterization of a second member of the mouse mdr gene family. (1988)

The mammalian mdr gene family comprises a small number of closely related genes. Previously, we have shown that one member, mdr1, has the capacity to convey multidrug resistance to drug-sensitive recipient cells in a gene transfer protocol. However, the functional characteristics of other members of this gene family have not been examined. In this report, we characterize a second member of the mdr gene family which we designated mdr2. We determined the nucleotide sequence corresponding to the complete coding region of this mdr2 transcript. The predicted amino acid sequence of this protein (1,276 amino acids) showed that it is a membrane glycoprotein highly homologous to mdr1 (85%), strongly suggesting that both genes originate from a common ancestor. Regions of divergence between mdr1 and mdr2 proteins are concentrated in two discrete segments of the predicted polypeptides, each approximately 100 residues in length. The mdr2 protein appears to be formed by the duplication of a structural unit which encodes three putative transmembrane loops and a predicted nucleotide-binding fold and is highly homologous to bacterial transport proteins such as hlyB. This strong homology suggests that mdr2 also participates in an energy-dependent membrane transport process. However, the direct relationship, if any, of this new member of the mdr family to multidrug resistance remains to be established. Knowledge of the complete nucleotide sequence and predicted amino acid sequence of the mdr2 gene product will enable the preparation of gene-specific probes and antibodies necessary to study the functional role of this gene in multidrug resistance and normal physiological processes.
Listeria monocytogenes infection of P388D 1 macrophages results in a biphasic NF-κB (RelA/p50) activation induced by lipoteichoic acid and bacterial phospholipases and mediated by IκBα and IκBβ degradation (1997)

As previously reported, Listeria monocytogenes infection of P388D1 macrophages results in a rapid induction of NF-kappaB DNA-binding activity. Here we show that this induction of NF-kappaB activity occurs in a biphasic mode: first, a transient, IkappaBalpha degradation-dependent phase of activity, also induced by the nonvirulent species Listeria innocua, which is mediated by binding of the bacteria to the macrophage, or by adding Listeria-derived lipoteichoic acid to the macrophage; the second persistent phase of activation is only markedly induced when the bacteria enter the cytoplasm of the host cell and express the virulence genes plcA and plcB, encoding two phospholipases. We suggest that products of the enzymatic activity of phospholipases directly interfere with host cell signal transduction pathways, thus leading to persistent NF-kappaB activation via persistent IkappaBbeta degradation.
Biological properties of N4-spermidine derivatives and their potential in anticancer chemotherapy. (1982)

Abstract Various spermidine (SPD) derivatives and the anticancer agent methylglyoxal-bis/guanylhydrazone) were studied for their ability to affect the growth of cultured L1210 leukemia cells, to inhibit SPD uptake into L1210 cells, and to substitute for SPD in biological function(s) related to cell proliferation. The SPD derivatives included a series in which the central amine of SPD, norspermidine or homospermidine, was benzyl substituted and another series in which the terminal amines of the same triamines were butoxycarbonyl substituted. In addition, the derivatives, N 4 -benzylspermidine nitrile and N 1 , N 8 -dihydroxybenzoylspermidine were studied. Only the latter compound showed significant cytotoxicity to L1210 cells (50% growth-inhibitory dose, 10 µM), and this was probably attributable to its iron-chelating properties. SPD uptake by L1210 cells was partially characterized (K m 2.0 mm; V max 177 pmol/mg/min) and found to be dependent on cellular energy production. Inhibition of SPD uptake by compounds with derivatized central amines was of the competitive type while that by compounds with derivatized terminal amines was too weak to be accurately characterized. Specificity of uptake was found to be dependent on the availability of the primary amines and to a lesser extent on aliphatic chain length. N 4 -Benzylspermidine competed well with [}su3}/suH]SPD for uptake (K i 36 µm) and was slightly more effective than methylglyoxal-bis(guanylhydrazone) (K i 53 µm) in this regard. By contrast, N 1 ,N 8 -(butoxyl-carbonyl)spermidine competed very poorly with [ 3 H]SPD for uptake (K i µm). In the case of N 4 -benzylspermidine, cellular uptake was confirmed by high-pressure liquid chromatography of cell extracts. Pretreatment of cells for 24 hr with the inhibitor of SPD biosynthesis, α-difluoromethylornithine, enhanced uptake of N 4 -benzylspermidine by about 3-fold. None of the compounds were capable of substituting for SPD biologically as indicated by their inability to prevent cytostasis induced by α-difluoromethylornithine. The uptake data, in particular, indicate good potential for N 4 -spermidine derivatives as vector molecules for chemical moieties having biological activity. In theory, they should prove functional as anticancer agents, and their activity could be augmented by pretreatment with α-difluoromethylornithine to increase their uptake.
Hybrid bioartificial liver in hepatic failure: preliminary clinical report. (1987)

A hybrid bioartificial liver has been developed on the principle of hemodialysis against a suspension of functioning hepatocytes. The new chimeric device of synthetics and living parts was used successfully to treat a patient in hepatic failure due to an inoperable bile duct carcinoma that involved the bifurcation of the common duct.
Topological regulation of cell division in Escherichia coli involves rapid pole to pole oscillation of the division inhibitor MinC under the control of MinD and MinE (1999)

Placement of the Z ring at midcell in Escherichia coli is assured by the action of the min system, which blocks usage of potential division sites that exist at the cell poles. This activity of min is achieved through the action of an inhibitor of division, MinC, that is activated by MinD and topologically regulated by MinE. In this study, we have used a functional GFP-MinC fusion to monitor the location of MinC. We find that GFP-MinC is a cytoplasmic protein in the absence of the other Min proteins. The addition of MinD, a peripheral membrane protein that interacts with MinC, results in GFP-MinC appearing on the membrane. In the presence of both MinD and MinE, GFP-MinC oscillates rapidly between the halves of the cell. Thus, MinC is positioned by the other Min products, but in a dynamic manner so that it is in position to inhibit Z ring assembly away from midcell.
Organic Reactions at Well-Defined Oxide Surfaces (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOrganic Reactions at Well-Defined Oxide SurfacesMark A. BarteauView Author Information Center for Catalytic Science and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716 Cite this: Chem. Rev. 1996, 96, 4, 1413–1430Publication Date (Web):June 20, 1996Publication History Received1 November 1995Revised26 January 1996Published online20 June 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr950222thttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr950222tresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3369Altmetric-Citations295LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Aldehydes,Cations,Oxidation state,Oxides,Oxygen Get e-Alerts
Inkjet fabrication of polymer microarrays and grids—solving the evaporation problem (2008)

Polymer microarrays, consisting of either discrete features or a matrix of inter-crossed lines were directly fabricated in situ by inkjet printing individual monomers and initiator solutions in organic solvents through a film of oil, thereby allowing the rapid generation of a broad range of co-polymers, while solving the problem of selective monomer evaporation.
Life After Norgrove (2012)

1.I would like to make some preliminary observations.The first is that I am very honoured to be asked to give this lecture.I am very conscious of the distinction