gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Continuous monitoring of electrodermal activity during epileptic seizures using a wearable sensor (2010)

We present a novel method for monitoring sympathetic nervous system activity during epileptic seizures using a wearable sensor measuring electrodermal activity (EDA). The wearable sensor enables long-term, continuous EDA recordings from patients. Preliminary results from our pilot study suggest that epileptic seizures induce a surge in EDA. These changes are greater in generalized tonic-clonic seizures and reflect a massive sympathetic discharge. This paper offers a new approach for investigating the relationship between epileptic seizures and autonomic alterations.
Effects of the Nonpeptide Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonist DuP 753 on Blood Pressure and Renal Functions in Spontaneously Hypertensive PH Dogs (1991)

A colony of genetic hypertensive dogs with systolic blood pressure of 140 to 220 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure greater than 100 mm Hg in the trained state was used. The objective of this study was to investigate the hemodynamic and renal effects of the novel angiotensin II receptor antagonist DuP 753 given intravenously to these dogs. Renal functions and blood pressure were measured 45 to 75 min after the intravenous administration of DuP 753 at 1, 3, 10, and 30 mg/kg and were compared to control (placebo) treatment. Arterial pressure was slightly but significantly and dose-dependently reduced by DuP 753. Glomerular filtration rate increased significantly in a dose-dependent manner. Similarly, effective renal plasma flow was dose-dependently increased. Filtration fraction was unchanged. Renal vascular resistance was significantly reduced in a dose-dependent manner at 3, 10, and 30 mg/kg of DuP 753. DuP 753 increased fractional sodium excretion at all doses and increased fractional potassium excretion only at the highest doses. The vasopressor effects of angiotensin I and II were dose-dependently inhibited by DuP 753. These data show that DuP 753 has beneficial renal hemodynamic effects and lowers arterial pressure in this canine model of essential hypertension.
Hypoxic ischemia and proteasome dysfunction alter tau isoform ratio by inhibiting exon 10 splicing (2010)

Alternative splicing of tau exon 10 influences microtubule assembly and stability during development and in pathological processes of the central nervous system. However, the cellular events that underlie this pre-mRNA splicing remain to be delineated. In this study, we examined the possibility that ischemic injury, known to change the cellular distribution and expression of several RNA splicing factors, alters the splicing of tau exon 10. Transient occlusion of the middle cerebral artery reduced tau exon 10 inclusion in the ischemic cortical area within 12 h, resulting in the induction of three-repeat (3R) tau in cortical neurons. Ubiquitinated protein aggregates and reduced proteasome activity were also observed. Administration of proteasome inhibitors such as MG132, proteasome inhibitor I and lactacystin reduced tau exon 10 splicing in cortical cell cultures. Decreased levels of Tra2beta, an RNA splicing factor responsible for tau exon 10 inclusion, were detected both in cortical cell cultures exposed to MG132 and in cerebral cortex after ischemic injury. Taken together, these findings suggest that transient focal cerebral ischemia reduces tau exon 10 splicing through a mechanism involving proteasome-ubiquitin dysfunction and down-regulation of Tra2beta.
Production of soluble recombinant proteins with Kell, Duffy and Lutheran blood group antigen activity, and their use in screening human sera for Kell, Duffy and Lutheran antibodies (2007)

The aim of this study was to show that soluble recombinant (sr) proteins can mimic blood group antigens and be used to screen human sera for blood-group-specific antibodies. The blood of all pregnant women and pretransfusion patients should be screened for blood-group-specific antibodies to identify and monitor pregnancies at risk of haemolytic disease of the foetus and newborn (HDFN), and to prevent haemolytic transfusion reactions. Current antibody screening and identification methods use human red blood cell panels, which can complicate antibody identification if more than one antibody specificity is present. COS-7 cells were transfected to produce sr forms of the extracellular domains of the red blood cell membrane proteins that express Kell, Duffy or Lutheran blood group antigens. These sr proteins were used to screen for and identify anti-Kell, anti-Duffy or anti-Lutheran blood-group-specific allo-antibodies in human sera by haemagglutination inhibition and in solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). There is a positive correlation (correlation coefficient 0.605, P value 0.002) between antibody titre by standard indirect antiglobulin test (IAT) and signal intensity in the ELISA test. This work shows that sr proteins can mimic blood group antigens and react with human allogeneic antibodies, and that such proteins could be used to develop solid-phase, high-throughput blood group antibody screening and identification platforms.
Molecular phylogeny of nitrogen-fixing unicellular cyanobacteria (2001)

Molecular phylogenetic study was conducted using maximum likelihood tree inference methods with small subunit ribosomal RNA sequence data to ascertain the evolutionary relationships among sheathless, single-cell cyanobacteria capable of nitrogen fixation. Cyanobacterial strains of the genus Cyanothece (circumscribed by Waterbury and Rippka, 1989) fall into at least three independent lines of descent within a larger assemblage previously designated the SPM sequence group. No strong correlation between aerobic versus anaerobic nitrogen-fixing activity and phylogenetic relationships was observed. The results support a hypothesis of multiple gains and/or losses of nitrogen-fixation abilities among the sheathless, unicellular cyanobacteria.
Expression in non‐lymphoid cells of mouse recombinant immunoglobulindirected against the tumour marker human placental alkaline phosphatase (1988)

From a mouse hybridoma cell line secreting a monoclonal antibody directed against the tumour marker human placental alkaline phosphatase, mRNA coding for the H and L chains of this antibody was isolated and cloned as cDNA. Sequence analysis of the H and L chain cDNAs confirmed the IgG2b,kappa subtype previously established. Recloning the H and L chain cDNA information into SV40-based vectors enabled us to obtain expression of functional immunoglobulin upon cotransfection into COS or CHO dhfr- cells. This illustrates that non-lymphoid cells also have the capacity to assemble active immunoglobulins.
Adult Mouse Liver Contains Two Distinct Populations of Cholangiocytes (2017)

The biliary system plays an important role in several acquired and genetic disorders of the liver. We have previously shown that biliary duct epithelium contains cells giving rise to proliferative Lgr5<sup>+</sup> organoids in vitro. However, it remained unknown whether all biliary cells or only a specific subset had this clonogenic activity. The cell surface protease ST14 was identified as a positive marker for the clonogenic subset of cholangiocytes and was used to separate clonogenic and non-clonogenic duct cells by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Only ST14<sup>hi</sup> duct cells had the ability to generate organoids that could be serially passaged. The gene expression profiles of clonogenic and non-clonogenic duct cells were similar, but several hundred genes were differentially expressed. RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization showed that clonogenic duct cells are interspersed among regular biliary epithelium at a ∼1:3 ratio. We conclude that adult murine cholangiocytes can be subdivided into two populations differing in their proliferative capacity.
Obesity-linked regulation of the adipsin gene promoter in transgenic mice. (1989)

The mouse adipsin gene encodes a member of the serine protease family that is expressed predominantly in adipose tissue and is secreted into the bloodstream. Adipsin expression is sharply down-regulated in several models of genetic and acquired obesity, representing the first example of an adipocyte gene whose expression is greatly altered in this disorder. In this study, we have asked whether a DNA fragment from the adipsin gene can direct tissue-specific expression of a heterologous gene and mediate the suppression of this expression in genetic and chemically induced obesity. Transgenic mice have been constructed with 950 bases of DNA from the 5' flanking region of the adipsin gene linked to the bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene in a mouse strain bearing a recessive obesity gene (diabetes, db). By crossing db/+ transgenic mice with nontransgenic db/+ mice, we obtained progeny that allowed a direct comparison of CAT expression in the tissues of lean and obese littermates. The lean mice express CAT activity predominantly in adipose tissue, while the obese mice show a marked reduction in CAT expression relative to the lean controls. When similar experiments are performed with an adipsin-CAT fusion gene containing a heterologous AKV (AKR mouse leukemia virus) enhancer, the tissue specificity of CAT expression in lean mice is broadened to include the thymus, spleen, brain, and other tissues; down-regulation occurs in all of these tissues in mice homozygous for the obesity gene or in mice that have been injected with monosodium glutamate (MSG), which induces obesity. These results indicate that 950 bases of the 5' flanking region of the adipsin gene carry information that specifies both expression in adipose tissue and a response to a gene or chemical that induces obesity. These results also suggest that the trans-acting factors that are regulated aberrantly in these forms of obesity are not restricted to adipose tissue and could play a role in obesity-linked dysfunctions observed in other tissues as well.
Highly Selective and Sensitive Template-Directed Photoligation of DNA via 5-Carbamoylvinyl-2‘-deoxycytidine (2006)

We describe a highly efficient template-directed photoligation of oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) through 5-carbamoylvinyl-2'-deoxycytidine ((CV)C). When an ODN containing (CV)C at the 5' end was photoirradiated with an ODN containing a pyrimidine base at the 3' end in the presence of template DNA, efficient photoligation was observed without any byproduct formation. Single nucleotide differences can be successfully distinguished by using photoligation-based DNA chip assay. [structure: see text]
Analysis of ''Slug Test'' Or DST Flow Period Data (1975)

Abstract In recent years, there has been a great interest in the "slug test" which involves the instantaneous removal of a specific quantity of fluid from a wellbore and measurement of the resulting pressure-time response. Although a skin effect term was introduced by Jaeger, most recent studies have not considered a skin effect in analyzing slug test data. A new approach to conventional well-test analysis by Earlougher and Kersch was used to prepare type curves for the slug tech which include the skin effect. This study includes: results presented in both tabular and graphical form to aid application, a new material on the radius investigated and the time of duration of slug test, and the presentation of field example illustrating the application and important limitations of the method, as well as limitations of conventional DST analyses. The main application of the slug test method is in the analysis of pressure data for cases wherein the fluid influx into the drill pipe tends to kill the flow (sometimes even before the tester valve is closed). On the other hand, many field test have been observed wherein the phenomena of critical (acoustic velocity) flow destroys the application of the method. The slug test, as currently developed, does not consider critical flow.
Interfacial hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate by turkey erythrocyte phospholipase C (1994)

The activity of a beta-isoform of phospholipase C (PLC) partially purified from turkey erythrocyte cytosol was assayed using phospholipid monolayers formed at an air-water interface. PLC was rapidly purified at least 8000-fold by a sequence of ion-exchange, hydrophobic and heparin chromatographies. 33P-labelled substrates were prepared using partially purified PtdIns kinase and PtdIns4P 5-kinases, respectively, and purified by h.p.l.c. using an amino-cyano analytical column. Using such 33P-labelled phosphoinositides of high specific radioactivity, PLC activity was monitored directly by measuring the loss of radioactivity from monolayers as a result of the release of inositol phosphates and their subsequent dissolution and quenching in the subphase. Under these conditions, PtdIns4P hydrolysis obeyed approximately first-order kinetics whereas PtdIns(4,5)P2 hydrolysis was zero-order at least until 80% of the substrate had been degraded. PLC activity was markedly affected by the surface pressure of the monolayer, with reduced activity at extremes of initial pressure and with the most permissive pressures in the middle of the range investigated. The optimum surface pressure for hydrolysis of PtdIns4P was approx. 25 mN/m, but for PtdIns(4,5)P2 the maximum activity occurred at the markedly higher surface pressure of 30 mN/m. These data are discussed in terms of the substrate specificity and likely regulation of PLC beta isoforms engaged in degrading their substrate in biological membranes.
Synthesis by native chemical ligation and crystal structure of human CCL2 (2010)

The protein human CC chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2, also known as monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 or MCP-1) has been synthesized using a combination of solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) and native chemical ligation (NCL). The thioester-peptide segment was synthesized using the sulfonamide safety-catch linker and 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (Fmoc) SPPS, and pseudoproline dipeptides were used to facilitate the synthesis of both CCL2 fragments. After assembly of the full-length peptide chain by NCL, a glutathione redox buffer was used to fold and oxidize the CCL2 protein. Synthetic human CCL2 binds to and activates the CCR2 receptor on THP-1 cells, as expected. CCL2 was crystallized and the structure was determined by X-ray diffraction at 1.9-A resolution. The structure of the synthetic protein is very similar to that of a previously reported structure of recombinant human CCL2, although the crystal form is different. The functional CCL2 dimer for the crystal structure reported here is formed around a crystallographic twofold axis. The dimer interface involves residues Val9-Thr10-Cys11, which form an intersubunit antiparallel beta-sheet. Comparison of the CCL2 dimers in different crystal forms indicates a significant flexibility of the quaternary structure. To our knowledge, this is one of the first crystal structures of a protein prepared using the sulfonamide safety-catch linker and NCL.
The Wiley encyclopedia of packaging technology (2010)

The complete guide to modern packaging techniques and materials-updated and expanded This A-to-Z guide covers technologies used to package consumer and industrial products across all industries-from food to automobiles, soft drinks to pharmaceuticals. It features complete coverage of all the basic packaging materials and formats (boxes, shrink wrap, etc.) and supplies a wealth of information on conversion processes such as laminating and plastics manufacture. It also offers details on all packaging machinery and equipment currently in use worldwide. The Wiley Encyclopedia of Packaging Technology, Second Edition is thoroughly updated and expanded by 25 percent. Coverage includes the many changes in materials, processes, technologies, and regulations that have occurred over the past decade, as well as the latest developments in marketing, economics, recycling and the environment, computer-aided design, coatings, nutritional labels, microwave packaging, polyester bottles and jars, and more. The Wiley Encyclopedia of Packaging Technology, Second Edition brings you: More than 250 alphabetical listings, covering all stages of the packaging process-from raw materials to distribution Contributions from experts in everything from additives to microwave packaging trademarks to zero-crush packaging Complete coverage of relevant federal and state laws and regulations Large, double-column format for easy reference Extensive cross-referencing and easy-to-access information on all subjects
Computation of electric and magnetic stimulation in human head using the 3-D impedance method (2003)

A comparative, computational study of the modeling of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is presented using a human head model. The magnetic fields from a typical TMS coil of figure-eight type is modeled using the Biot-Savart law. The TMS coil is placed in a position used clinically for treatment of depression. Induced current densities and electric field distributions are calculated in the model using the impedance method. The calculations are made using driving currents and wave forms typical in the clinical setting. The obtained results are compared and contrasted with the corresponding ECT results. In the ECT case, a uniform current density is injected on one side of the head and extracted from the equal area on the opposite side of the head. The area of the injected currents corresponds to the electrode placement used in the clinic. The currents and electric fields, thus, produced within the model are computed using the same three-dimensional impedance method as used for the TMS case. The ECT calculations are made using currents and wave forms typical in the clinic. The electrical tissue properties are obtained from a 4-Cole-Cole model. The numerical results obtained are shown on a two-dimenaional cross section of the model. In this study, we find that the current densities and electric fields in the ECT case are stronger and deeper penetrating than the corresponding TMS quantities but both methods show biologically interesting current levels deep inside the brain.
Central Nervous System Entry of Peripherally Injected Umbilical Cord Blood Cells Is Not Required for Neuroprotection in Stroke (2004)

Our data show that central nervous system availability of grafted cells is not a prerequisite for acute neuroprotection provided that therapeutic molecules secreted by these cells could cross the BBB.
Production of polymethylmethacrylate particles by dispersion polymerization in aqueous media with ceric ammonium nitrate (1996)

Polymethylmethacrylate particles with narrow size distributions with different sizes in the range of 1.25–4.58 μm were produced by dispersion polymerization of methylmethacrylate (MMA) in ethanol/water media, by using 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) (as an initiator), (PVP) poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (as a stabilizer), and ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) (as a coinitiator and also as a costabilizer). Particle size was increased by increasing the initiator concentration and the ethanol: water ratio, and by decreasing the monomer: dispersion medium ratio and the PVP and CAN concentrations. The addition of CAN in the recipe of the MMA polymerization improved the monodispersity, and also increased the monomer conversion rate. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
The Ethics of Organ Transplantation: A Brief History (2012)

The pauses the transplant community has taken, at various times throughout the history of transplantation, to make sure that transplantation was truly a boon to patients represent genuine ethical engagement.
Cytokine receptor signal transduction through Jak tyrosine kinases and Stat transcription factors (1997)

Cytokines are the principal regulators of cell proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic cells and these responses are initiated through activation of hematopoietic cytokine receptors. Although the receptor intracellular domains lack any kinase domains, activation of cytokine receptors lead to rapid induction of tyrosine phosphorylation. Recently, cytokine receptors have been shown to associate with and activate members of the cytoplasmic Jak tyrosine kinase family. Activation of Jak kinases leads to phosphorylation of several signaling proteins and thereby couples ligand-mediated receptor stimulation to activation of intracellular signaling pathways. The best characterized substrates for Jaks are the Stat transcription factors, which are crucial mediators of cytokine-mediated gene responses, and, particularly, central determinants for the specificity in cytokine responses.
Automated peptide-resin deprotection/cleavage by a robotic workstation. (1992)

A robotic workstation has been constructed that automates the deprotection of peptides with trifluoroacetic acid-labile side-chain protecting groups and cleavage from acid-labile resins. The workstation was constructed around a Zymark robot arm and is integrated with a peptide synthesis workstation. Peptide resin samples are deprotected and cleaved with a trifluoroacetic acid/scavenger cocktail that accommodates all common protecting groups used with Fmoc chemistry. Aqueous-ether continuous extraction is used to remove the scavengers and reaction by-products. The apparatus cleaves a 50-500-mg sample of peptide resin every 2 hours and provides the peptides as an aqueous solution in 10% HOAc. Crude peptides obtained with this apparatus are free from residual scavengers and range in yield from 50%-80%. This method is applicable to all but the most hydrophobic peptides and minimizes human contact with the noxious cleavage reagents.
Late relapse in patients with diffuse large-cell lymphoma treated with MACOP-B. (1997)

Curative therapy should be attempted in patients who relapse late with aggressive-histology lymphoma and those who relapse with follicular histology may benefit from palliative treatment. The behavior of late-relapse lymphoma is similar to de novo lymphoma, with outcome dictated by the histologic subtype at relapse.
Ischemic Tolerance in Murine Cortical Cell Culture: Critical Role for NMDA Receptors (1999)

Murine cortical cultures containing both neurons and glia (days in vitro 13-15) were exposed to periods of oxygen-glucose deprivation (5-30 min) too brief to induce neuronal death. Cultures "preconditioned" by sublethal oxygen-glucose deprivation exhibited 30-50% less neuronal death than controls when exposed to a 45-55 min period of oxygen-glucose deprivation 24 hr later. This preconditioning-induced neuroprotection was specific in that neuronal death induced by exposure to excitotoxins or to staurosporine was not attenuated. Neuroprotection was lost if the time between the preconditioning and severe insult were decreased to 7 hr or increased to 72 hr and was blocked if the NMDA antagonist 100 microM 3-((D)-2-carboxypiperazin-4-yl)-propyl-1-phosphonic acid was applied during the preconditioning insult. This was true even if the duration of preconditioning was increased as far as possible (while still remaining sublethal). A similar preconditioning effect was also produced by sublethal exposure to high K+, glutamate, or NMDA but not to kainate or trans-1-aminocyclopentane-1, 3-dicarboxylic acid.