gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Origin of the Cultivated Cucurbita (1956)

The five cultivated species of Cucurbita (C. pepo, C. mixta, C. moscbata, C. ficifolia and C. maxima) are very much alike in their morphological characteristics, but they are for the most part cross-incompatible. They have apparently developed a sequence of sterility barriers that effectively prevent gene flow between them. In a series of interspecific matings, the five cultivated species are shown to be cross-compatible with a wild species, C. lundelliana, from southern Mexico and neighboring Central America. Matings between C. lundelliana and C. moschata, C. maxima and C. ficifolia produced self-fertile F1 plants that were cross-fertile with either parent. The other two matings (C. lundelliana × C. mixta and C. lundelliana × C. pepo) produced fruit, but the seeds had small embryos. The data from interspecific hybridization and those of geographical distribution suggest that C. lundelliana may have had an important role in the origin of the cultivated group.
Root-locus technique for predicting the stability of laser diodes with optical feedback (2002)

Summary form only. The work presented in this paper gives a novel procedure for calculating the allowable range of external feedback regardless of the external cavity length. The method is an extension of the root locus technique used in control system design. A simple calculation yields the locus of the positions of the dominant s-plane poles of the laser transfer function as the feedback strength and cavity length are varied. The feedback strength which forces the locus into the unstable right half-plane is thus the maximum allowable feedback strength before the system dynamics become unstable and chaotic.
14th International HLA and Immunogenetics Workshop: Report from the reproductive immunology component (2007)

The aim of the study was to investigate whether human leukocyte antigen (HLA) allele sharing between partners or the maternal killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) repertoire is associated with recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) and repeated implantation failure after in vitro fertilization (IVF)/embryo transfer. From a total population of 158 RSA couples, 40 couples with repeated implantation failures (IVF) and 81 control couples, reported by five different laboratories, analysis was performed for (a) HLA sharing in 50 RSA, 31 IVF and 31 control couples, (b) DQA1*0505 sharing/homozygosity among partners in 108 RSA, 40 IVF and 36 control couples, and (c) the women's KIR repertoire in 46 RSA, 26 IVF and 36 control wives. RSA couples were divided into alloimmune aborter (RSAallo) and autoimmune aborter (RSAauto). The results oppose to the suggestion that increased HLA sharing per se or a limited maternal KIR repertoire predisposes to RSA or IVF failure. However, the observation of a slightly higher percentage of DQA1*0505 sharing in the RSAauto and the IVF group needs further investigation. The ratio of inhibitory to activating KIR (actKIR) was slightly lower in RSAallo and IVF women (1.9 vs 2.6 in controls), while in a high percentage of these women, the standard receptors of the KIR A haplotype were combined with actKIR/s of the haplotype B (66.6% and 45.4% vs 20% and 15.3% in RSAauto and control groups). This may suggest a possible involvement of actKIRs in embryo implantation and the maintenance of pregnancy and also requires further investigation.
Administration of human recombinant IL-7 to normal and irradiated mice increases the numbers of lymphocytes and some immature cells of the myeloid lineage (1992)

In vitro experiments performed by several investigators have demonstrated that IL-7 is a growth factor for immature B lymphocytes, thymocytes, and mature T lymphocytes. To evaluate the potential therapeutic use for human rIL-7 (rhuIL-7) as a hematopoietin, we have studied the in vivo hematopoietic effects of rhuIL-7 in mice. In these experiments, sublethally irradiated and normal mice were treated with or without rhuIL-7 for up to 26 days. Administration of rhuIL-7 significantly increased the white blood cell count in the peripheral blood and spleen in both normal and irradiated mice. Treatment with rhuIL-7 also accelerated lymphocytic recovery in irradiated mice. Precursor and mature B lymphocytes showed the greatest expansion in response to rhuIL-7 administration, with smaller increases in T lymphocytes being observed. In mice recovering from high dose irradiation, rhuIL-7 treatment resulted in preferential expansion of CD8+ T lymphocytes and more rapid normalization of the CD4/CD8 ratios. Differential analysis of peripheral blood smears demonstrated that rhuIL-7 also increased the numbers of immature granulocytes in both normal and irradiated mice. Moreover, administration of rhuIL-7 to normal, irradiated, cyclophosphamide-pretreated, or 5-fluorouracil-pretreated mice increased the number of acetylcholinesterase-positive megakaryocytes in the spleen, but not the bone marrow. Therefore, although the major in vivo effects of rhuIL-7 were on cells of the lymphocytic lineage, rhuIL-7 also increased the numbers of some immature cells of the myeloid lineage.
Total body irradiation and pneumonitis risk: a review of outcomes (2004)

A review was undertaken of all patients treated at Royal Adelaide Hospital, South Australia with total body irradiation (TBI) for the purpose of assessing the incidence of interstitial pneumonitis (IP) and possible prognostic factors for its development. The aim was also to assess the impact of IP and other prognostic factors on long-term survival outcome following bone marrow transplantation. A total of 84 patients received TBI, with 12 Gy in six fractions delivered using two different instantaneous dose rates of 7.5 and 15 cGy min(-1). This series included 26 cases of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, 26 of multiple myeloma and 15 of acute myelogenous leukaemia. On multivariate analysis, a higher dose rate was independently significant for an increased risk of IP.
Using a rhabdomyosarcoma patient-derived xenograft to examine precision medicine approaches and model acquired resistance (2014)

This study illustrates that PDX models are suitable surrogates for testing potential therapeutic strategies based on gene expression analysis, modeling clinical drug resistance and hold the potential to assist in guiding prospective patient care.
Determination of total chromium in coatings by atomic absorption spectrometry (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermination of total chromium in coatings by atomic absorption spectrometryR. J. NogaCite this: Anal. Chem. 1975, 47, 2, 332–333Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1975https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60352a013RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views81Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (233 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
PATHOGENESIS OF COXSACKIE VIRUS INFECTION (1951)

The quantitative distribution of the Conn.-5 strain of Coxsackie virus in different tissues was determined by serial titration at intervals after inoculation of 4 to 5 day old mice. High titers were reached by the 2nd day in blood, heart, liver, muscle, intestine, and its contents, and these were maintained through the 8th day, except for the blood, in which the virus level fell earlier. In paralyzed mice, muscle and brain attained the highest titers and it was in these tissues alone that virus persisted through the 9th day of illness. The pathology of the infection has been briefly described. In particular, the evolution of morbid changes in striated muscle was correlated with the concentrations of virus in muscle. Acute muscle necrosis first occurred when there was a peak viral concentration (4th day), and reached maximal intensity on the 8th day. Scattered acute lesions continued to appear while the virus titer remained above 10(-4), from the 9th to 12th day. With the decrease in the myositis, there was a concomitant decrease in the incidence of perceptible disease. Inflammation was found to follow upon the development of necrosis, and subsided slowly. Regeneration began very early, became exuberant, and led finally to restitution of the muscle.
Comparison of the separation ofCandida albicanschromosome-sized DNA by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis techniques (1989)

Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis techniques were used to study chromosome-sized DNA molecules of C. albicans. Chromosome-sized DNA of two strains of Candida albicans has been resolved into 8 bands by orthogonal-field-alternation gel electrophoresis (OFAGE). Six bands were observed in chromosomal preparations of C. albicans using field-inversion gel electrophoresis (FIGE). Differences in the electrophoretic mobilities of bands of the strains of C. albicans examined suggests that chromosome-length polymorphisms exist and make it difficult to correlate the banding patterns among strains. These correlations were facilitated, however, by assignment of C. albicans chromosomes by hybridization using a collection of cloned DNA probes specific for each of the 8 observed bands. Southern blotting showed that the 6 FIGE bands consisted of 4 singlets and 2 comigrating doublets, accounting for the 8 bands observed by OFAGE analysis. The agreement between OFAGE and FIGE analysis suggests that the C. albicans haploid genome contains a minimum of 8 chromosomes.
Strategies of plant breeding for improved rumen function (2003)

Summary In general, breeding programmes directed at the improvement of forage have concentrated on easily measurable phenotypes such as yield, digestibility, resistance to lodging, etc. Selection programmes have improved forage production but historically have addressed relatively few quality considerations. In addition, selection for quality has been limited by availability of suitable analytical techniques. With the current emphasis on quality rather than quantity and the desire by the public for greater understanding about where their food comes from, quality considerations should be a greater target in future breeding programmes. This review briefly covers previous improvements in quality of grazed and silage forages and considers how new technologies might be employed to realise targets for future improvements. In particular we address the concept that interactions between rumen micro‐organisms and ingested plant material in the rumen are not static but are in fact dynamic. This has implications for post‐ingestion biology and feed utilisation.
Novel glucocorticoid effects on acute inflammation in the CNS (2003)

The CNS can mount an inflammatory reaction to excitotoxic insults that contributes to the emerging brain damage. Therefore, anti-inflammatory drugs should be beneficial in neurological insults. In contrast, glucocorticoids (GCs), while known for their anti-inflammatory effects, can exacerbate neurotoxicity in the hippocampus after excitotoxic insults. We investigated the effect of GCs on the inflammatory response after a neurological insult. Intact control (INT; intact stress response GC profile), adrenalectomized/GC-supplemented (ADX; low basal GC profile) and GC-treated (COR; chronically high GC profile) rats were injected with kainic acid into the hippocampal CA3 region. Lesion size was determined 8-72 h later. The inflammatory response was characterized using immunohistochemistry, RNAse protection assay and ELISA. The INT and COR rats developed larger CA3 lesions than ADX rats. We found that GCs surprisingly caused an increase in relative numbers of inflammatory cells (granulocytes, monocytes/macrophages and microglia). Additionally, mRNA and protein (IL-1beta and TNF-alpha) levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1alpha, IL-1beta and TNF-alpha were elevated in COR rats compared with INT and ADX rats. These data strongly question the traditional view of GCs being uniformly anti-inflammatory and could further explain how GCs worsen the outcome of neurological insults.
Role of mesenchymal nidogen for epithelial morphogenesis in vitro (1994)

Recent biochemical studies suggested that the extracellular matrix protein nidogen is a binding molecule linking together basement membrane components. We studied its expression and role during development. By immunofluorescence and northern blotting, nidogen was found early during epithelial cell development of kidney and lung. Yet, in situ hybridization revealed that nidogen was not produced by epithelium but by the adjacent mesenchyme in both organs. Binding of mesenchymal nidogen to epithelial laminin may thus be a key event during epithelial development. This is supported by antibody perturbation experiments. Antibodies against the nidogen binding site on laminin B2 chain perturbed epithelial development in vitro in embryonic kidney and lung. Mesenchymal nidogen could be important for early stages of epithelial morphogenesis.
Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase Activating Polypeptide Anti-Mitogenic Signaling in Cerebral Cortical Progenitors Is Regulated by p57Kip2-Dependent CDK2 Activity (2002)

Generation of distinct cell types and numbers in developing cerebral cortex is subject to regulation by extracellular factors that positively or negatively control precursor proliferation. Although signals stimulating proliferation are well described, factors halting cell cycle progression are less well defined. At the molecular level, production and association of cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), and CDK inhibitors (CKIs) regulate cycle progression. We now report that the endogenous peptide, pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP), negatively regulates the cell cycle by inhibiting p57Kip2-dependent CDK2 activity in embryonic cortex. Protein levels of CDK2 and members of the CIP/KIP family of CKIs (p27Kip1, p57Kip2) were detected in developing rat cortex from embryonic day 13.5 through postnatal day 2. With advancing development, CDK2 protein levels decreased, whereas CKI expression increased, suggesting that stimulatory and inhibitory cycle proteins control cell cycle exit. Using a well defined, nonsynchronized, 8 hr precursor culture, PACAP decreased the fraction of cells crossing the G1/S boundary, inhibiting DNA synthesis by 35%. CDK2 kinase activity was inhibited 75% by PACAP, whereas kinase protein and its regulatory cyclin E subunit were unaffected. Moreover, decreased kinase activity was accompanied by a twofold increase in levels of p57Kip2 protein, but not p21Cip1 or p27Kip1, suggesting that p57Kip2 mediates PACAP anti-mitogenic effects. Indeed, immunoprecipitation of CDK2 complex revealed increased p57Kip2 association with the kinase and concomitant reduction in free inhibitor after PACAP exposure, suggesting that p57Kip2 interactions directly regulate CDK2 activity. These observations establish a mechanism whereby anti-mitogenic signals actively induce cell cycle withdrawal in developing cortex.
3.5-watt AlGaN/GaN HEMTs and amplifiers at 35 GHz (2004)

Sub-0.2-/spl mu/m AlGaN/GaN HEMTs were successfully scaled to 1.05 mm gate-width with minor gain reduction. On-chip single-stage amplifiers exhibited gains of 8 dB and 7.5 dB, as well as output powers of 3.6 W and 3.5 W, at 30 GHz and 35 GHz, respectively. This multi-watt output power at millimeter-wave frequencies well exceeded previous state-of-the-art for a GaN HEMT and is comparable to that from 6-7 times larger GaAs-based devices.
Erosion-corrosion and corrosion wear evaluation of materials in potash brine (2003)

Potash plants handle very corrosive raw materials and several corrosive intermediates
and by-products. Several corrosion problems are encountered during potash production
due to the prevalent conditions of high pressures and temperatures, high fluid velocities,
abrasion, erosion, and the presence of very corrosive chemicals and by-products. The
corrosion wear of materials results in severe corrosion damage and other forms of
degradation.
Corrosion wear is defined as the degradation of materials in which corrosion and wear
mechanisms persist together and often interact. The wear action may remove the
corroded surface layers to leave fresh metal surfaces exposed to corrosive environments
so that total materials losses are much greater than that of each process taken alone.
Erosion-corrosion is a conjoint action involving corrosion and erosion in the presence of
a moving corrosive fluid, leading to the accelerated loss of material.
In the present study, the corrosion wear and erosion-corrosion resistance of select
commercially available metallic alloys, ceramics, polymers, and glass fiber reinforced
polymer composites (GFRP) in hot potash brine environments were determined using a
modified slurry tester and a reciprocating test apparatus, respectively. Experiments were
conducted at room temperature and 85Â°C. The evaluation methods employed included
weight loss analysis, optical microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Although all the polymer-based materials gained weight by absorbing potash brine
during the early stages of the experiment, the overall results show that GFRP (A-series
and P-series), high density polyethylene (HDPE), and Ferralium 255 have excellent
erosion-corrosion and corrosion wear resistance in potash brine.
Note:Missing: Page 93
Mutation Frequencies at Defined Single Codon Sites in Vesicular Stomatitis Virus and Poliovirus Can Be Increased Only Slightly by Chemical Mutagenesis (1990)

Mutagenesis by a variety of chemical mutagens conferred only 1.1- to 2.8-fold increases in mutation frequencies at defined single base sites in vesicular stomatitis virus and poliovirus.
Position and Velocity Coupling of Postural Sway to Somatosensory Drive (1998)

Light touch contact of a fingertip to a stationary surface provides orientation information that enhances control of upright stance. Slight changes in contact force at the fingertip lead to sensory cues about the direction of body sway, allowing attenuation of sway. In the present study, the coupling of postural sway to a moving contact surface was investigated in detail. Head, center of mass, and center of pressure displacement were measured as the contact surface moved rhythmically at 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8 Hz. Stimulus amplitude decreased with frequency to maintain peak velocity constant across frequency. Head and body sway were highly coherent with contact surface motion at all frequencies except 0.8 Hz, where a drop-off in coherence was observed. Mean frequency of head and body sway matched the driving frequency </=0.4 Hz. At higher frequencies, non-1:1 coupling was evident. The phase of body sway relative to the touch plate averaged 20-30 degrees at 0.1-Hz drive and decreased approximately linearly to -130 degrees at 0.8-Hz drive. System gain was approximately 1 across frequency. The large phase lags observed cannot be accounted for with velocity coupling alone but indicate that body sway also was coupled to the position of the touch plate. Fitting of a linear second-order model to the data suggests that postural control parameters are not fixed but adapt to the moving frame of reference. Moreover, coupling to both position and velocity suggest that a spatial reference frame is defined by the somatosensory system.
Similarity comparison and analysis of sequential data (2002)

This paper discusses approaches to problems associated with the processing of experimental data for complex domains in such areas as the behavioural and social sciences. It explores computational techniques which are to be implemented to build tools bringing higher levels of computational intelligence to the analysis of coded event sequences. Approaches in which inherent redundancy, recurrency, or dependency in sequences may be exploited include pattern recognition, information theory based methods, and Petri nets. Experimental examples which illustrate the matching, alignment and identification of patterns in sequences are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection in spouses of seropositive individuals. (1993)

It is possible to detect HIV-1 infection by PCR using DNA extracted from plasma even when the individuals are negative by ELISA and WB. It can help in the early counselling of HIV infected persons and their spouses.
Prolonged release melatonin in the treatment of primary insomnia: evaluation of the age cut-off for short- and long-term response (2010)

The results demonstrate short- and long-term efficacy of PRM in insomnia patients aged 18-80 years, particularly those aged 55 and over. PRM was well-tolerated over the entire 6-month period with no rebound or withdrawal symptoms following discontinuation. Study Registry No: ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT00397189.
Direct evidence for the commitment of hematopoietic stem cells to T, B and myeloid lineages in murine fetal liver (1997)

We established an experimental system in vitro to examine the developmental capacity of individual hematopoietic progenitors to generate T, B and myeloid (M) cells. By using this system we analyzed the process of lineage commitment of hematopoietic progenitors in murine fetal liver (FL). It is known that small numbers of B and M cells, in addition to T cells, are generated in a co-culture of hematopoietic progenitors and a deoxyguanosine-treated fetal thymus (FT) lobe. We tried to enhance the growth of B and M cells by the addition of IL-7, IL-3 and stem cell factor into the co-culture. This cytokine-supplemented FT organ culture was used to examine the developmental capacity of individual hematopoietic progenitors in FL. Single cells of lineage marker (Lin)-c-kit+Sca-1+ (Sca-1+) and Lin-c-kit+Sca-1-(Sca-1-) populations from the FL harvested at day 12 of gestation were cultured for 10 days, and the phenotypes of cells generated in each lobe were analyzed with a flow cytometer. All progenitors in the Sca-1- population were shown to be committed to generate only T, B or M cells. On the other hand, multipotent progenitors, which are capable of generating T, B and M cells, as well as unipotent progenitors committed to the T, B or M lineage were found in the Sca-1+ population. Bipotent progenitors generating M and T cells and those generating M and B cells were also found in the Sca-1+ population, which probably represent progenitors in the process of commitment. However, no bipotent progenitors generating T and B cells were detected.