gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Diversity of Calcium Signaling by Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors (1998)

During prolonged application of glutamate (20 min), patterns of increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) were studied in HEK-293 cells expressing metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR1alpha or mGluR5a. Stimulation of mGluR1alpha induced an increase in [Ca2+]i that consisted of an initial transient peak with a subsequent steady plateau or an oscillatory increase in [Ca2+]i. The transient phase was largely attributed to Ca2+ mobilization from the intracellular Ca2+ stores, but the sustained phase was solely due to Ca2+ influx through the mGluR1alpha receptor-operated Ca2+ channel. Prolonged stimulation of mGluR5a continuously induced [Ca2+]i oscillations through mobilization of Ca2+ from the intracellular Ca2+ stores. Studies on mutant receptors of mGluR1alpha and mGluR5a revealed that the coupling mechanism in the sustained phase of Ca2+ response is determined by oscillatory/non-oscillatory patterns of the initial Ca2+ response but not by the receptor identity. In mGluR1alpha-expressing cells, activation of protein kinase C selectively desensitized the pathway for intracellular Ca2+ mobilization, but the mGluR1alpha-operated Ca2+ channel remained active. In mGluR5a-expressing cells, phosphorylation of mGluR5a by protein kinase C, which accounts for the mechanism of mGluR5a-controlled [Ca2+]i oscillations, might prevent desensitization and result in constant oscillatory mobilization of Ca2+ from intracellular Ca2+ stores. Our results provide a novel concept in which oscillatory/non-oscillatory mobilizations of Ca2+ induce different coupling mechanisms during prolonged stimulation of mGluRs.
Antigen Der f I from the dust mite Dermatophagoides farinae: structural comparison with Der p I from Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and epitope specificity of murine IgG and human IgE antibodies. (1986)

The physicochemical and antigenic properties of an allergen purified from Dermatophagoides farinae, Der f I, were compared with Der p I from Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus. On SDS-PAGE, Der f I migrated as a single polypeptide chain with the same m.w. as Der p I (24,000). Two isoallergenic peaks of Der f I were identified on preparative isoelectric focusing (pI 5.7 to 6.3 and pI 6.6 to 6.95). Fractions from each peak were shown to have an identical amino acid composition (which was similar but not identical to Der p I) and the same N-terminal amino acid sequence. There was a good correlation between quantitative intradermal skin tests to both purified allergens and to D. farinae extract in mite-allergic patients, with positive results when using as little as 10(-5) micrograms/ml of Der f I. The majority of sera with detectable IgE antibody to D. farinae also had IgE antibody to Der f I both among children (29/42 = 69%) and adults (55/63 = 87%). By RAST, there was an excellent correlation between IgE antibody to Der f I and Der p I in sera from 42 mite-allergic children (n = 0.94, p less than 0.001). Polyclonal IgG antibodies from six mice immunized with Der f I showed preferential binding to that allergen, and most monoclonal antibodies (16 of 18) raised against Der f I did not bind Der p I. However, two monoclonal antibodies from this fusion showed cross-reactive binding to both allergens. Immunoabsorption experiments, using D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae extracts coupled to Sepharose, showed that a large proportion of murine antibodies (74% to Der p I and 60 to 93% to Der f I) could not be absorbed by the heterologous extract on the immunosorbent. In contrast, in sera from seven mite-allergic patients, most of the specific IgE and IgG antibody (i.e., greater than or equal to 82%) was removed by either immunosorbent. Thus, Der f I and Der p I represent a homologous pair of major allergens which possess both cross-reacting and species-specific epitopes. The antibody response in mice immunized with either allergen in complete Freund's adjuvant was largely directed against species-specific epitopes, whereas in allergic humans, IgE- and IgG-specific antibodies bound predominately to cross-reacting epitopes.
Antiviral Action of Oligodeoxyguanylic Acids against Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (1995)

Deoxyguanylic acids, but not other deoxynucleotides, as short as 3- to 4-mer, were effective in preventing HIV-1-induced cytopathicity. In addition, they prevented giant cell formation of infected Sup-T1 cells, and p24 production in HIV-1 infected H9 cells. Phosphorylation at either the 5'- or 3'-end enhanced these activities. Furthermore, 5'-phosphorylated phosphorothioate tetradeoxyguanylic acid was effective in reducing HIV production in chronically infected cells (H9/IIIB). The search for the target steps of this compound revealed that it inhibits at least 3 steps in the life cycle of HIV: interaction with CD4 (measured by inhibitory effect on the syncytia formation between Sup-T1 and H9/IIIB cells), reverse transcriptase, and step(s) after integration. These results suggest that phosphorylated phosphorothioate tetradeoxyguanylic acid may be a novel candidate for a therapeutic agent of AIDS.
Notes: Listeria welshimeri sp. nov. and Listeria seeligeri sp. nov. (1983)

The names Listeria welshimeri sp. nov. and Listeria seeligeri sp. nov. are proposed for two groups of gram-positive, asporogenous, motile, aerobic bacilli that were previously classified as nonpathogenic Listeria monocytogenes. The separation of both of these new species from L. monocytogenes is supported by the results of deoxyribonucleic acid relatedness studies, determinations of biochemical characteristics, and studies of pathogenicity for adult mice. The new species differ from each other and from the recently proposed species Listeria innocua by deoxyribonucleic acid relatedness and biochemical features. The type strain of L. welshimeri is strain CIP 8149, and the type strain of L. seeligeri is strain CIP 100100.
The PCR typing of MHC‐DRB genes in the sheep using primers for an intronic microsatellite: Application to nematode parasite resistance (1996)

The strong association between polymorphisms in an intronic microsatellite and the coding sequences for (BoLA)-DRB3 genes, previously described for demonstrating alleles of class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in the cow, was examined in sheep to see if similar polymorphisms could be demonstrated in the DRB region of the MHC. The bovine primes LA53 and LA54, previously used to amplify the bovine DRB3 microsatellites, were used with DNA from Australian sheep, eight DRB alleles were identified by length polymorphisms of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products amplified from the DRB microsatellite region. Incomplete amplification of both alleles was sometimes found for sheep DNA samples using bovine primers, so a modified primer (LA53b) was used, and found to amplify the microsatellite next to intron 2 of the MHC more reliably than the LA53 primer. Two additional primers (LA31 and LA32), used in amplification of the exon 2 region of bovine DRB3, were used in the sheep, and the PCR products were analysed by single-stranded conformation polymorphism (SSCP). These primers successfully amplified the variable region of the ovine DRB region coded by exon 2, and the SSCP technique demonstrated polymorphisms with sheep DNA. Family studies demonstrated the segregation of alleles, by amplification both of intronic microsatellites and of the exon 2 variable region. Close correspondence was found between the two regions for several alleles, suggesting that the intronic microsatellites were closely linked to DRB-variable region alleles. Three families of Merino sheep with different antibody responses to intestinal nematode parasites were examined. The sire group with the highest antibody levels possessed two microsatellite alleles of closely similar length (alleles 3 and 4) inherited from the sire and present in high frequency in the lambs. In contrast, the other two sires did not possess these two alleles and the alleles were in low frequency in their progeny. Further studies are required in unrelated sheep to confirm whether these two alleles are associated with resistance to nematode parasites.
Quantitative MRI of the hippocampus and amygdala in severe depression (2000)

This quantitative MRI study provides support for a possible association between structural and biochemical substrates and severe drug-resistant major depression.
Nonvolatile Charge-Trap Memory Transistors With Top-Gate Structure Using In–Ga–Zn-O Active Channel and ZnO Charge-Trap Layer (2014)

We proposed a charge-trap-type memory transistor with a top-gate structure composed of Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> blocking/ZnO charge-trap/IGZO active/ Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> tunneling layer. The memory ON/OFF ratio higher than six-orders-of magnitude was obtained after the programming when the width and amplitude of program pulses were 100 ms and ±20 V, respectively. Excellent endurance was successfully confirmed under the repetitive programming with 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sup> cycles. The memory ON/OFF ratio higher than 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> was guaranteed even after the lapse of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sup> s. Interestingly, the retention properties were affected by the bias conditions for read-out operations.
Darstellung, Struktur und Komplexierung von 2,2′,5,5′‐Tetrahydro‐1,1′‐bi(1H‐1,2,5‐phosphadiborol)‐Derivaten (1991)

Synthesis, Structure, and Complexation of 2,2′,5,5′‐Tetrahydro‐1,1′‐Bi(1 H ‐1,2,5‐phosphadiborole) Derivatives Reactions of ( Z )‐1,2‐diborylethenes [HC — B(Cl)R] 2 with LiPH 2 and LiP(SiMe 3 ) 2 lead to the 2,5‐dihydro‐1 H ‐1,2,5‐phosphadiboroles 1a — d in good yields. 1a , b react with (Me 3 C) 2 Hg to give yellow 2a (56%) and 2b (90%), which are also obtained from 1c , d and TlCl or C 2 Cl 6 , respectively. The constitution of 2b is established by an X‐ray structure analysis. 2a reacts with Cr(CO) 3 (CH 3 CN) 3 to yield the bis(pentacarbonyl)chromium complex 4a , whereas 2b and Fe(CO) 3 (C 8 H 14 ) 2 form the bis(tricarbonyliron) compex 5b . Spectroscopic studies and X‐ray structure analyses of 4a and 5b show that in 4a the chromium atom is η 1 ‐bound to phosphorus, whereas in 5b the iron interacts with all atoms of the folded C 2 B 2 P ring.
Carbon Nanotube−Inorganic Hybrids (2010)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTCarbon Nanotube−Inorganic HybridsDominik Eder*View Author Information Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, New Museums Site, Pembroke Street, Cambridge CB2 3QZ, United Kingdom* E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2010, 110, 3, 1348–1385Publication Date (Web):January 28, 2010Publication History Received15 July 2008Published online28 January 2010Published inissue 10 March 2010https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr800433khttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr800433kreview-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2010 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views20572Altmetric-Citations726LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Carbon nanotubes,Coating materials,Deposition,Nanoparticles,Oxides Get e-Alerts
Linearization of high-efficiency power amplifiers using digital baseband predistortion with iterative injection (2010)

This paper presents the linearization of a high-efficiency compressed power amplifier (PA) by iterative digital predistortion with suppression of memory effects. Iterative injection of the odd-order in-band distortion components is used to enhance the nonlinearity compensation and achieve the optimal ratio of linearization degree to computational complexity by adjusting the number of injections. Baseband equalization of the input signal minimizes memory effects. The proposed linearizer is designed within the baseband block, and does not require additional radio-frequency components. The experimental investigation is carried out with EDGE signals for an up-link PA. Up to 18 dB improvement in spectral re-growth and 10 dB reduction in a 500-kHz offset adjacent channel power ratio (ACPR) are achieved for 200-kHz EDGE signal at 880 MHz.
Step and flash imprint lithography: Defect analysis (2001)

Step and flash imprint lithography (SFIL) is a promising, low cost alternative to projection printing. This technique has demonstrated very high resolution and overlay alignment capabilities, but it is a contact printing technique so there is concern about defect generation and propagation. A series of experiments has been carried out with the goal of quantifying the effect of defect propagation. To that end, each unit process in SFIL was studied independently. The number of particles added during handling and transportation and due to SFIL machinery was deemed acceptable, and the added particles should not complicate the inspection of process defects. The concept of a “self-cleaning” process in which the imprint template becomes cleaner by imprinting was revisited. Inspection of an imprint template before and after imprinting revealed that the template actually becomes cleaner with imprinting. Visual inspection of multiple imprints did not reveal any systematic generation or propagation of defects. The inspection area used in this study was limited, however, since the inspection was both manual and visual. Imprinting for this defect study was performed at the University of Texas in a Class 10 cleanroom, and inspection was performed at International SEMATECH.
Three human interferon‐α2 subvariants disclose structural and functional differences (1990)

The human interferon-alpha 2 subvariants 2a, 2b and 2c differ by only one or two amino acids at positions 23 and/or 34 of the mature protein. In this study, the coding regions of the three interferon-alpha 2 subvariants were derived from the cDNA of interferon-alpha 2c by site-directed in vitro mutagenesis. The interferon-alpha subvariants were synthesized using the same Escherichia coli strain for production and were subsequently purified. Comparative studies revealed that they differ significantly in their biological and antigenic properties. Therefore, amino acid positions 23 and 34 seem to be crucial for structure/function of human interferon-alpha. Furthermore, the study points to the importance of defining, whether such minor structural variants of naturally occurring polypeptides represent functional variants.
Differential regulation of spo0A transcription in Bacillus subtilis: glucose represses promoter switching at the initiation of sporulation (1991)

We have shown by S1 nuclease mapping with in vivo transcripts that the differential expression of a sporulation-regulatory gene, spo0A, is regulated by switching of two discrete promoters during the initiation of sporulation in Bacillus subtilis; vegetative mRNA was transcribed from an upstream promoter (Pv, vegetative promoter), and sporulation-specific mRNA was transcribed from the other promoter (Ps, sporulation-specific promoter) about 150 bp downstream of the Pv promoter. Transcription from the Pv promoter was at a low level and shut off at T0.5. On the other hand, transcription from the Ps promoter was strongly induced at T0.5 and increased until T2.5. In the presence of 2% glucose, Pv-directed transcription was not shut off and was observed even at T1.5, whereas the induction of Ps-directed transcription was completely repressed. A mutant in which the spo0A gene was transcribed only from the Ps promoter could sporulate normally in the presence of 0.1% glucose but could not sporulate at all in the presence of 2% glucose. In a catabolite-resistant sporulation mutant carrying crsA47 (sigA47), a mutation within the gene encoding sigma A, normal promoter switching from Pv to Ps was observed in the presence of 2% glucose.
Feature subset selection using a genetic algorithm (1998)

Practical pattern-classification and knowledge-discovery problems require the selection of a subset of attributes or features to represent the patterns to be classified. The authors' approach uses a genetic algorithm to select such subsets, achieving multicriteria optimization in terms of generalization accuracy and costs associated with the features.
Intrauterine and deep cervical insemination with frozen semen in sheep (1973)

Inhalt (Intrauterine und tiefcervicale Insemination mit Gefriersperma beim Schaf). In diesem Versuch wurden 241 Schafe unter Feldbedingungen mit tiefgefrorenem Widdersperma besamt. Nach der Samenentnahme mit Hilfe einer künstlichen Scheide wurde das Sperma ca. 1:6 verdünnt und zwar mit einem Tris-Fruktose-Citronensäure Verdünner, der 8 vol. % Glyzerin and 20 vol. % Eidotter enthielt. Während der ungefähr 2stündigen Equilibrierungszeit wurde der Samen auf 5°C heruntergekühlt, anschlieβend wurde der Samen in P. V. C. Röhrchen abgefüllt, in Stickstoffdampf eingefroren und während ca. 3 Wochen in flüssigen N2 gelagert. Die Inseminationsdosis betrug 0,3 ml und enthielt etwa 150 × 106 Spermien. Aufgetaut wurde in Wasser von + 75°C während 8,5 Sekunden unmittelbar vor der Sameneinführung. In einer Gruppe von 77 Tieren, die mit Gestagen imprägnierten Vaginaltampons synchronisiert worden waren, wurde nur einmal besamt und zwar 12–20 Stunden nach Brunstbeginn. Bei 53 Schafen dieser Gruppe wurde der Samen mittels eines durch den Cervicalkanal eingeführten Metallkatheters intrauterin deponiert. Bei den verbleibenden 24 Tieren wurde der Samen 2,5–4 cm tief in den Cervicalkanal hinein verbracht. Von den intrauterin besamten Tieren konzipierten 54%, von denjenigen mit intracervicaler Deponierung nur 29%. Von 164 nicht synchronisierten Schafen wurden 83 intrauterin und 60 tiefcervical, auch einmal und im gleichen Zeitpunkt der Brunst wie die synchronisierten Tiere, besamt. Es konzipierten 89% bzw. 45%. Die restlichen 21 Tiere wurden wie üblich mittels der Röhrchenmethode im orificium externum, normalerweise zwei mal mit etwa 12stündigen Intervallen, besamt. Von diesen konzipierten 57%. Contents Artificial insemination with frozen ram semen was performed in a field trial including 241 ewes. The semen was diluted about 1:6 with Tris-fructose-citric acid extender containing 8% (v/v) glycerol 20% (v/v) eggyolk, frozen in P.V.C. straws by use of liquid N2 after an equilibration time of 2 hrs at 5°C and thawed at 75°C for 8,5 sec. The insemination doses contained approximatly 150 × 106 spermatozoa. In one group the semen was deposited via the cervical canal into the uterus in 53 ewes and deep cervically in the remaining 24 ewes once, in the first oestrus after heat synchronization with progestagen impregnated vaginal sponges. The conception rate was 54% and 29% respectively. In another group consisting of 164 normal oestrous ewes, 83 animals were inseminated according to the intrauterine procedure of semen deposition and 60 animals deep cervically once in the heat, resulting in a conception rate of 89% and 45% respectively. In the remaining 21 ewes the semen was deposited just inside the cervical os usually twice in the heat, giving a conception rate of 57%.
An IPv6-to-IPv4 Transport Relay Translator (2001)

The document describes an IPv6-to-IPv4 transport relay translator (TRT). It enables IPv6-only hosts to exchange {TCP,UDP} traffic with IPv4-only hosts. A TRT system, which locates in the middle, translates {TCP,UDP}/IPv6 to {TCP,UDP}/IPv4, or vice versa.
Bombesin receptor subtypes in human cancers: detection with the universal radioligand (125)I-[D-TYR(6), beta-ALA(11), PHE(13), NLE(14)] bombesin(6-14). (2002)

This is the first study detecting the proteins of BB3, NMB, and GRP receptors in a group of human tumors using differential binding techniques. Particularly relevant is the BB3 expression in lung carcinoids and other neuroendocrine lung tumors, whereas gastrointestinal carcinoids preferably express NMB receptors. These tumors may be targets for diagnostic and radiotherapeutic applications of subtype-selective bombesin analogues.
Inhibition of Src kinases by a selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor causes mitotic arrest. (1999)

src kinase activity is elevated in some human tumors, including breast and colon cancers. The precise cellular function of the src family kinases is not clearly understood, but they appear to be involved in numerous signaling pathways. We studied the effects of PD173955, a novel src family-selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor, on cancer cell lines and found that it has significant antiproliferative activity due to a potent arrest of mitotic progression. The mitotic block occurs after chromosome condensation in prophase, before spindle assembly and without loss of cyclin A and B kinase activities. This effect is seen in cancer cell lines of all types with low or high activities of src kinases as well as in untransformed cell lines. In MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cells, this drug produces a rapid inhibition of cellular src and yes kinase activities as well as suppression of the mitotic hyperactivity of these kinases. This compound defines a novel class of antimitotic drugs that work through inhibition of src kinases and possibly other protein kinases that are required for progression through the initial phases of mitosis.
R??sum??s for Health/Fitness Students and Professionals (2006)

In Brief Learning Objective The purpose of this article is to provide strategies for writing an effective résumé and examples of four common types of Résumés for health/fitness students and professionals. This article provides strategies for writing an effective résumé.