gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In vivo bidirectional color Doppler flow imaging of picoliter blood volumes using optical coherence tomography (1997)

We describe a novel optical system for bidirectional color Doppler imaging of flow in biological tissues with micrometer-scale resolution and demonstrate its use for in vivo imaging of blood flow in an animal model. Our technique, color Doppler optical coherence tomography (CDOCT), performs spatially localized optical Doppler velocimetry by use of scanning low-coherence interferometry. CDOCT is an extension of optical coherence tomography (OCT), employing coherent signal-acquisition electronics and joint time-frequency analysis algorithms to perform flow imaging simultaneous with conventional OCT imaging. Cross-sectional maps of blood flow velocity with <50-microm spatial resolution and <0.6-mm/s velocity precision were obtained through intact skin in living hamster subdermal tissue. This technology has several potential medical applications.
latheo, a new gene involved in associative learning and memory in Drosophila melanogaster, identified from P element mutagenesis. (1992)

Abstract Genetic dissection of learning and memory in Drosophila has been limited by the existence of ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)-induced mutations in only a small number of X-linked genes. To remedy this shortcoming, we have begun a P element mutagenesis to screen for autosomal mutations that disrupt associative learning and/or memory. The generation of "P-tagged" mutant alleles will expedite molecular cloning of these new genes. Here, we describe a behavior-genetic characterization of latheoP1, a recessive, hypomorphic mutation of an essential gene. latheoP1 flies perform poorly in olfactory avoidance conditioning experiments. This performance deficit could not be attributed to abnormal olfactory acuity or shock reactivity-two task-relevant "peripheral" behaviors which are used during classical conditioning. Thus, the latheoP1 mutation appears to affect learning/memory specifically. Consistent with chromosomal in situ localization of the P element insertion, deficiencies of the 49F region of the second chromosome failed to complement the behavioral effect of the latheoP1 mutation. Further complementation analyses between latheoP1 and lethal alleles, produced by excision of the latheoP1 insert or by EMS or gamma-rays, in the 49F region mapped the latheo mutation to one vital complementation group. Flies heterozygous for latheoP1 and one of two EMS lethal alleles or one lethal excision allele also show the behavioral deficits, thereby demonstrating that the behavioral and lethal phenotypes co-map to the same locus.
Isolation of a chicken gene that confers susceptibility to infection by subgroup A avian leukosis and sarcoma viruses (1993)

We used a genetic strategy to isolate the chicken gene believed to encode the receptor for subgroup A avian leukosis and sarcoma viruses (ALSV-A). Chicken genomic DNA was transfected into monkey COS-7 cells, and two independent primary transfectants susceptible to ALSV-A infection were identified by using ALSV-A vectors containing a hygromycin B resistance gene. A second round of transfection and selection in mouse BALB/3T3 fibroblasts again led to isolation of a transfectant susceptible to infection by ALSV-A. Plasmid DNA sequences linked to chicken DNA during the primary transfection segregated with chicken DNA in the secondary transfectant and served as a molecular tag to clone the gene conferring susceptibility. Expression of the cloned gene in mouse BALB/3T3 cells conferred susceptibility to infection by ALSV-A but not by ALSV-B. Therefore the cloned gene most probably represents the tv-a locus, the genetically defined receptor gene for ALSV-A.
UV∕ozone treated Au for air-stable, low hole injection barrier electrodes in organic electronics (2006)

Ultraviolet and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopies were used to study electronic properties of interfaces between Au substrates and a number of organic semiconductors (small molecules and polymers). Au surface work function (ϕ) values before organic deposition were ∼4.7eV (exposed to air), ∼5.2eV (atomically clean), and ∼5.5eV (UV∕ozone treated). The high ϕ obtained for UV∕O3 treated Au was due to Au oxide formation and surface-adsorbed carbon and oxygen species. Au surface morphology remained essentially unchanged by UV∕ozone exposure, as observed by atomic force microscopy. Hole injection barriers (HIBs) at interfaces between UV∕ozone treated Au and the organic semiconductors were systematically lower than those for untreated Au (both atomically clean and air exposed). Reductions in HIB of up to 1.4eV (for p-sexiphenyl) were achieved. In addition, good long-term stability of reduced HIBs of such interfaces was observed for air storage of up to several days.
INTERLEUKIN-12 (IL-12)-DRIVEN ALLOIMMUNE RESPONSES IN VITRO AND IN VIVO (1999)

IL-12 markedly enhances alloantigen-specific immune function; however, these exaggerated Th1-driven responses do not culminate in accelerated allograft rejection. Further, these data indicate that IL-12Rbeta1 is essential for the enhancement of both in vitro and in vivo alloimmune responses by exogenous IL-12.
Damage accumulation in systemic lupus erythematosus and its relation to disease activity and mortality. (2006)

Damage accrual in SLE occurred in 54% of patients in a linear fashion over the first decade of disease. Global disease activity was the main determinant of damage accrual. Accrued damage was not an independent risk factor for death, which was predicted by age > 40 years and WAS > 3.
청소년이 지각한 부모의 양육태도 , 공격성 , 자기통제력 및 자기존중감과 청소년 비행의 관계 (2004)

청소년이 지각하는 부모의 양육태도가 자기통제력, 자기존중감, 공격성에 어떻게 영향을 주는지, 그리고 각 변수들과 그 변수들간의 관계가 비행에 어떻게 영향을 주는지 알기 위해 종합적인 관점의 모형을 경험적으로 검증하려고 했다. 이를 위해 262명의 소년원생을 대상으로 부모양육태도 척도, 자기통제력 척도, 자기존중감 척도, 공격성 척도, 숨은 비행 척도를 실시하였다. 모형은 연구 모형, 자기존중감이 비행의 후행 요인으로 한 대안모형, 각 변수들이 동시적으로 비행에 영향을 주는 변수간 상관모형을 설정하여 비교, 평가하였다. 그 중에서 최종적으로 지지된 모형은 수정된 연구 모형으로 아버지, 어머니 양육태도와 자기통제력에서 낮은 설명력을 지닌 하위요인을 제거한 후의 모형이었다. 결과는 다음과 같다. 아버지의 양육태도는 자녀의 자기통제력에 유의하게 영향을 주었고, 공격성에는 자기통제력을 통해 간접적으로 영향을 주었다. 어머니의 양육태도는 자녀의 자기존중감에 유의하게 영향을 주었다. 자기통제력과 공격성은 비행에 유의하게 영향을 주었고, 자기통제력은 공격성에 영향을 줌으로써 간접적인 영향도 있음을 알 수 있었다.
Altered adhesions in ras-transformed breast epithelial cells (1995)

Conference Article| August 01 1995 Altered adhesions in ras-transformed breast epithelial cells M. S. Kinch; M. S. Kinch * *To whom correspondence should be addressed Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar K. Burridge K. Burridge 1Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7090, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1995) 23 (3): 446–450. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0230446 Article history Received: March 02 1995 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation M. S. Kinch, K. Burridge; Altered adhesions in ras-transformed breast epithelial cells. Biochem Soc Trans 1 August 1995; 23 (3): 446–450. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0230446 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: ECM, extracellular matrix, FAK, focal adhesion kinase This content is only available as a PDF. © 1995 Biochemical Society1995 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Glycogen storage diseases: New perspectives (2007)

Glycogen storage diseases (GSD) are inherited metabolic disorders of glycogen metabolism. Different hormones, including insulin, glucagon, and cortisol regulate the relationship of glycolysis, gluconeogenesis and glycogen synthesis. The overall GSD incidence is estimated 1 case per 20000-43000 live births. There are over 12 types and they are classified based on the enzyme deficiency and the affected tissue. Disorders of glycogen degradation may affect primarily the liver, the muscle, or both. Type Ia involves the liver, kidney and intestine (and Ib also leukocytes), and the clinical manifestations are hepatomegaly, failure to thrive, hypoglycemia, hyperlactatemia, hyperuricemia and hyperlipidemia. Type IIIa involves both the liver and muscle, and IIIb solely the liver. The liver symptoms generally improve with age. Type IV usually presents in the first year of life, with hepatomegaly and growth retardation. The disease in general is progressive to cirrhosis. Type VI and IX are a heterogeneous group of diseases caused by a deficiency of the liver phosphorylase and phosphorylase kinase system. There is no hyperuricemia or hyperlactatemia. Type XI is characterized by hepatic glycogenosis and renal Fanconi syndrome. Type II is a prototype of inborn lysosomal storage diseases and involves many organs but primarily the muscle. Types V and VII involve only the muscle.
Aminoacylation of initiator methionyl-tRNA(i) under conditions inhibitory to initiation of protein synthesis (1993)

Inhibition of protein synthesis in perfused rat liver deprived of either methionine or tryptophan results from a defect in peptide-chain initiation. Similarly, the decreased rate of protein synthesis in liver from rats deprived of food for 24 h and in skeletal muscle after 2 days of diabetes results from a defect in initiation. In the present study, the tissue content of tRNA(iMet) and its level of aminoacylation were measured in these conditions to determine whether methionyl-tRNA(iMet) formation is a mechanism involved in the regulation of initiation. The extent of aminoacylation of tRNA(iMet) in livers perfused with supplemented medium or medium deficient in either methionine or tryptophan was 64 +/- 2, 61 +/- 3, and 66 +/- 2% of the total accepting activity, respectively. The total tissue content of tRNA(iMet), expressed as a percentage of total RNA, was 1.7 +/- 0.1, 1.6 +/- 0.1, and 1.6 +/- 0.1 for the three conditions, respectively. In livers from starved rats, the extent of aminoacylation of tRNA(iMet) was 80 +/- 7% and the total tissue content of tRNA(iMet) was 1.9 +/- 0.1% compared with control values of 82 +/- 6 and 2.0 +/- 0.1%, respectively. In skeletal muscle from diabetic rats, the extent of aminoacylation of tRNA(iMet) was 79 +/- 4% and the total tissue content of tRNA(iMet) was 2.0 +/- 0.3% compared with values of 79 +/- 5 and 2.0 +/- 0.2% for control animals.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Efficacy of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Prevention Interventions Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in China (2012)

Human immunodeficiency virus prevention interventions were efficacious among MSM in China. Additional efforts are needed to control the growing HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome infection among MSM in China. Future interventions need to use more rigorous intervention methodologies (e.g., respondent-driven sampling method, and popular opinion leader intervention strategy).
The role of TRAIL signal pathway in acute pancreatitis. (2013)

TRAIL signal pathway might play a role in the process of acute pancreatitis which needs to be explored further.
Fabrication of a novel strained SiGe:C-channel planar 55 nm nMOSFET for high-performance CMOS (2003)

We present for the first time tensile-strained epitaxially grown Si:C and SiGe:C channel NMOS devices compatible with a standard 50 nm CMOS process flow. Some of the advantages of this new architecture for CMOS integration are a highly retrograde channel doping profile and a suppression of boron diffusion and Oxidation Enhanced Diffusion (OED). Those properties lead to a dramatic decrease of short channel effects. Transport in the Si:C and SiGe:C inversion layers is characterized for the first time (77 K to 300 K) and the associated scattering mechanisms are identified. Finely tuned carbon concentration have a strong impact on transport properties.
Stabilisation of DNA by Incorporation of Phosphothioate Groups (1985)

Abstract The synthesis of Rp- and Sp-d (GGsAATTCC), an octanucleotide containing the recognition sequence for the restriction endonuclease Eco R1 as well as a phosphorothioate group at the cleavage site is described. Only the Rp-diastereomer is a substrate for Eco R1. Viral DNA, containing exclusively phosphate groups in the (+)strand, and phosphorothioate groups 5′-to deoxyadenosine in the (-)strand yields nicked DNA on cleavage by Eco R1 as an isolatable intermediate. Other restriction enzymes show a similar pattern of hydrolysis. - The influence of phosphorothioate groups on the B Z conformational change is demonstrated on phosphorothioate analogues of d(C-G)4 and d(G-C)4.
Temporal Gene Regulation During HIV-1 Infection of Human CD4+T Cells (2001)

CD4(+) T-cell depletion is a characteristic of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. In this study, modulation of mRNA expression of 6800 genes was monitored simultaneously at eight time points in a CD4(+) T-cell line (CEM-GFP) during HIV infection. The responses to infection included: (1) >30% decrease at 72 h after infection in overall host-cell production of monitored mRNA synthesis, with the replacement of host-cell mRNA by viral mRNA, (2) suppression of the expression of selected mitochondrial and DNA repair gene transcripts, (3) increased expression of the proapoptotic gene and its gene p53-induced product Bax, and (4) activation of caspases 2, 3, and 9. The intense HIV-1 transcription resulted in the repression of much cellular RNA expression and was associated with the induction of apoptosis of infected cells but not bystander cells. This choreographed host gene response indicated that the subversion of the cell transcriptional machinery for the purpose of HIV-1 replication is akin to genotoxic stress and represents a major factor leading to HIV-induced apoptosis.
Presence of auto-anti-idiotypic antibody during the normal human immune response to tetanus toxoid antigen. (1982)

Auto-anti-idiotypic antibodies were searched for in the serum of two individuals who received booster immunization with tetanus toxoid (TT) antigen. IgG from serial bleeds obtained for 4 mo after immunization was studied a) for its capacity to specifically bind 125I IgG F(ab')2 anti-TT prepared from serum obtained 7 and 10 days post-booster immunization, and b) for its capacity (after its absorption with TT) to specifically inhibit the binding of 125I-radiolabeled TT to IgG obtained 7 and 10 days post-immunization and designated "peak IgG." In both individuals studied, auto-anti-Id IgG were detected in both assays as early as 2 wk post-booster immunization and remained detectable throughout the study period. Evidence for modulation of idiotypic expression on IgG F(ab')2 anti-TT after booster immunization with TT was obtained by studying a) the capacity of serial IgG samples to inhibit the binding of 125I-IgG F(ab')2 anti-TT to rabbit anti-Id antibody raised against the IgG F(ab')2 anti-TT, and b) the capacity of the rabbit anti-Id to specifically inhibit the binding of 125I-TT to serial samples of serum IgG. Both assays indicated that some idiotypic determinants present on anti-TT obtained before and shortly after booster immunization were expressed to a much lesser extent 2 wk and beyond after immunization. The decrease in the expression of these determinants coincided with the appearance of auto-anti-Id antibody and remained evident throughout the 4-mo study period. The results obtained indicate that auto-anti-Id antibodies arise in normal human subjects after a secondary challenge with antigen and suggest that these antibodies may play a role in the modulation of idiotypic expression that is observed after booster immunization with antigen.
Production of infectious hepatitis delta virus in vitro and neutralization with antibodies directed against hepatitis B virus pre-S antigens (1992)

Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) particles were produced in Huh7 human hepatoma cells by transfection with cloned hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA and HDV cDNA. The particles were characterized by their buoyant density, the presence of encapsidated viral RNA, and their ability to infect primary cultures of chimpanzee hepatocytes. Successful infection was evidenced by the appearance of increasing amounts of intracellular HDV RNA after exposure to particles. Infection was prevented when particles were incubated with antibodies directed against synthetic peptides specific for epitopes of the pre-S1 or pre-S2 domains of the HBV envelope proteins before exposure to hepatocytes. These data demonstrate that HDV particles produced in vitro are infectious and indicate (i) that infectious particles are coated with HBV envelope proteins that contain the pre-S1 and pre-S2 regions, (ii) that epitopes of the pre-S1 and pre-S2 domains of HBV envelope proteins are exposed at the surface of HDV particles, and (iii) that antibodies directed against those epitopes have neutralizing activity against HDV.
Cyclic AMP and immune responses. II. Phosphodiesterase inhibitors as potentiators of polynucleotide effects on antibody formation. (1971)

The stimulatory effects of poly A:U and poly I:C on antibody formation can be potentiated by the concurrent administration of theophylline or caffeine. This potentiation is dose-dependent and is absent, or may even lead to inhibited responses, when excessively high levels of theophylline or caffeine are employed. Potentiation is most effective by the subcutaneous route and stimulation expresses itself both in terms of rate of activation of antibody-forming cells as well as in circulating antibody titers. Theophylline, in the absence of poly A:U, stimulates antibody formation only when given subsequent to the time of immunization. These effects of theophylline and caffeine, both known stabilizers of cAMP levels, further support the conclusion that cAMP-mediated events are a critical component of the activation and regulation of immunocompetent cells.
Sortilin and SorLA Display Distinct Roles in Processing and Trafficking of Amyloid Precursor Protein (2013)

The development and progression of Alzheimer's disease is linked to excessive production of toxic amyloid-β peptide, initiated by β-secretase cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP). In contrast, soluble APPα (sAPPα) generated by the α-secretase is known to stimulate dendritic branching and enhance synaptic function. Regulation of APP processing, and the shift from neurotrophic to neurotoxic APP metabolism remains poorly understood, but the cellular localization of APP and its interaction with various receptors is considered important. We here identify sortilin as a novel APP interaction partner. Like the related APP receptor SorLA, sortilin is highly expressed in the CNS, but whereas SorLA mainly colocalizes with APP in the soma, sortilin interacts with APP in neurites. The presence of sortilin promotes α-secretase cleavage of APP, unlike SorLA, which inhibits the generation of all soluble products. Also, sortilin and SorLA both bind and mediate internalization of sAPP but to different cellular compartments. The interaction involves the 6A domain of APP, present in both neuronal and non-neuronal APP isoforms. This is important as sAPP receptors described so far only bind the non-neuronal isoforms, leaving SorLA and sortilin as the only receptors for sAPP generated by neurons. Together, our findings establish sortilin, as a novel APP interaction partner that influences both production and cellular uptake of sAPP.
The Alpha 21264 microprocessor architecture (2002)

The 21264 is the third generation Alpha microprocessor from Compaq Computer (formerly Digital Equipment) Corporation. This microprocessor achieves the industry-leading performance levels of 30+ Specint95 and 50+ Specfp95. In addition to the aggressive 600 MHz cycle time in a 0.35 /spl mu/m CMOS process, there are also many architectural features that enable the outstanding performance level of the 21264. This paper discusses many of these architectural techniques, which include an out-of-order and speculative execution pipeline coupled with a high-performance memory system.
Measurement of the Deformation and Adhesion of Rough Solids in Contact (1999)

A contact mechanics approach is used to study the impact of deformations on the adhesion between microscopically rough gold and molecularly smooth mica. The surface forces apparatus was used to directly measure deformations at the interface and in the bulk, while also controlling applied loads. Surface forces and applied loads act to deform gold asperities in an unrecoverable fashion. Concurrent bulk deformations, namely the nominal area of contact, are also nonreversible. Using Johnson−Kendall−Roberts theory to interpret these findings illustrates how adhesion between the bodies effectively increases with increasing load. Correlating this phenomenon to deformations at the interface details how adhesion varies when multiple metallic asperities contact and deform under external stress. Moreover, observed hysteresis is explained.
Cognition-Enhancing Effect of Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Patients With Alzheimer’s Disease (2002)

The results of this open-label pilot study suggest a positive effect of VNS on cognition in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Further studies are warranted.
Expansion and Fibronectin-Enhanced Retroviral Transduction of Primary Human T Lymphocytes for Adoptive Immunotherapy (1999)

Human lymphocytes remain among the most promising target cells for gene therapy. Gene-modified lymphocytes have been used successfully to treat adenosine deaminase (ADA)-deficient patients and to control GvHD after allogeneic BMT. Because activation and proliferation of T cells are necessary for efficient retrovirus-mediated gene transfer and subsequent selection of transduced cells, mononuclear cells (MNC) from steady-state and G-CSF-stimulated peripheral blood were activated by short exposure to the mitogen PHA, the anti-CD3 antibody OKT3, or both in the presence of different concentrations of recombinant IL-2. Using OKT3 (10 or 30 ng/ml) and IL-2 (100 U/ml), T cells expanded efficiently during a 14-day culture period. Cell expansion was similar under serum-free conditions. The immunophenotypic profile over time showed a marked increase in CD8+ cells, leading to a reversed CD4/CD8 ratio of 1:2 and a slight increase in CD56+ cells. Supernatant-based centrifugal transduction of primary human T lymphocytes was compared with supernatant transduction on the extracellular matrix protein fibronectin. Transduction with cell-free retrovirus-containing supernatant in tissue culture flasks coated with human plasma fibronectin led to significantly higher transduction efficiencies (20% +/- 7.5%) than centrifugal transduction in uncoated culture flasks (13.6% +/- 5.1%)(p = 0.041). To both rapidly characterize transduced cells and isolate these from residual nontransduced but biologically equivalent cells, an amphotropic Moloney murine leukemia virus (MoMuLV)-based retroviral vector containing the intracytoplasmically truncated human low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor (deltaLNGFR) cDNA as a marker gene was used. FACS sorting of T cells after transduction resulted in >90% LNGFR+ cells and was much faster than enrichment of transduced cells through growth in G418-selection medium. These results show that supernatant-based retroviral gene transfer into primary human T lymphocytes can be enhanced by fibronectin. Ectopic expression of a cell surface protein can be used to rapidly and conveniently quantitate transduction efficiency through FACS analysis and to efficiently enrich transduced cells through FACS sorting.