gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cyclization Reactions of 2,3-Bis(2-cyanophenyl)propionitriles. III. Substituent Effect on the Carbanion Reactivies of the Propionitriles and Tautomerism of 5-Acetamido-11-cyanoindeno[1,2-c]isoquinolines (1980)

Abstract The substituent effect in the base-catalyzed cyclization reaction of 2,3-bis(2-cyanophenyl)propionitriles (1) to 5-amino-11-cyano-11H-indeno[1,2-c]isoquinolines has been studied and the result is discussed in terms of the dichotomic carbanion reactivities of 1. Preparation of 1 and the tautomerism of 5-acetamido-11-cyanoindeno[1,2-c]isoquinolines between 5H and 11H structures are described.
Pharmacologic marrow purging in murine T cell leukemia (1988)

Deoxycoformycin in combination with deoxyadenosine was used to purge 6C3HED malignant T cells from murine marrow in vitro. Adenosine deaminase activity of 6C3HED cells was ablated by incubation with 10(- 6) mol/L deoxycoformycin (dCF). During a 12-hour incubation with 10(-6) mol/L dCF and 10(-4) mol/L deoxyadenosine, tumor cells sequentially accumulated dATP, became depleted of NAD followed by ATP, then died. More than 5 logs of 6C3HED cells were killed as measured by survival of mice injected with treated tumor cells. Identical incubation of 5 x 10(6) marrow cells did not interfere with rescue of syngeneic lethally irradiated mice. Long-term survival was demonstrated in 12 of 14 mice that received marrow that had been contaminated with 5% 6C3HED cells, incubated with deoxycoformycin and deoxyadenosine, then used to rescue lethally irradiated mice. This murine model provides information not available from in vitro assays and may be useful in the development of strategies to purge malignant T cells from marrow.
Implementation of Creator-Based Virtual Simulation in News Interview (2022)

With the development of network information technology, the application of virtual simulation technology in medicine, electromechanical, military, and other fields has changed the traditional field operation mode and achieved good results, but the application of virtual simulation technology in the field of news and communication is very little. This paper takes the construction of virtual simulation news system as an example. Based on the support of 3D modeling technology of Multigen Creator, the functional requirements of virtual simulation news interview system are analyzed, the overall system objectives and architecture are set up, virtual scene database, 3D entity modeling, model optimization, and real-time rendering are established. A virtual simulation system for emergency news interviews is designed and developed, including real-time simulation environment and online operational feedback. This paper discusses the application effect of the system. By means of the questionnaire survey, SPSS23.0 is used to further analyze the feedback data of users. The data show that the expected functions of 3D modeling and real-time simulation of system modules have been realized. The research shows that virtual simulation technology can be successfully applied in the field of news and communication, and can successfully penetrate into the practical dimension of news and communication, change the existing single information interaction mode, and create a new era of real-time simulation.
Staphylococcus aureus chromosomal mutations that decrease efficiency of Rep utilization in replication of pT181 and related plasmids (1989)

Staphylococcus aureus chromosomal mutants which maintain pT181 and related plasmids at a much reduced copy number but which do not affect the replication of other plasmids have been isolated. The origin of replication and the initiator protein of the affected plasmids are the only elements required for the response to these mutations. The host mutations do not interfere with the pT181 replication control mechanism.
Influence of Inoculation Site on Development of the Lewis Lung Carcinoma and Suppressor Cell Activity in Syngeneic Mice<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1">2</xref> (1979)

The growth of the Lewis lung carcinoma (3LL) was studied in syngeneic C57BL/6 mice inoculated sc with similar numbers of tumor cells in either the flank or the hind footpad (fp). After injection of small numbers of 3LL cells, the incidence of tumors was lower in the flank than in the fp. However, after a successful 3LL transplant, tumors in the flank progressed faster than those in the fp, as evidenced by the early metastatic dissemination to the lungs and the shorter survival of the hosts. Local adoptive transfer tests demonstrated the early appearance of suppressor cell activity in spleens from mice bearing tumors in the flank. Adult thymectomy as well as treatement with antithymocyte serum after the tumor transplant inhibited the growth of a flank tumor but did not modify significantly that of an fp tumor. Thus variations in the site of a subcutaneous tumor implant resulted in differences in tumor development that appeared to depend on the characteristics of the immune response elicited by the inoculum.
Skeletal Muscle Abnormalities and Iron Deficiency in Chronic Heart Failure (2018)

HF patients display skeletal muscle myopathy that is more severe in those with iron deficiency. The presence of ID is associated with greater acidosis with exercise, which may explain early muscle fatigue. Further study is warranted to identify the strategy to restore iron content in skeletal muscle.
Petri net modeling and performance analysis of cluster tools with chamber revisiting (2002)

Timed Petri nets are convenient models of cluster tools as they represent the flow of wafers through the chambers of the tool as well as consecutive actions performed by the robotic transporter. Since the durations of all activities are also represented in such model, performance characteristics can be derived for steady-state as well as for transient behaviors. Steady-state performance of tools with chamber revisiting is investigated in this paper. A general description of cluster tools is proposed for systematic derivation of schedules, and a Petri net model is automatically derived from this description. The performance of the modeled system is derived by using place invariants, without exhaustive reachability analysis.
Physiological Migration of Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells (2001)

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) reside predominantly in bone marrow, but low numbers of HSCs are also found in peripheral blood. We examined the fate of blood-borne HSCs using genetically marked parabiotic mice, which are surgically conjoined and share a common circulation. Parabionts rapidly established stable, functional cross engraftment of partner-derived HSCs and maintained partner-derived hematopoiesis after surgical separation. Determination of the residence time of injected blood-borne progenitor cells suggests that circulating HSCs/progenitors are cleared quickly from the blood. These data demonstrate that HSCs rapidly and constitutively migrate through the blood and play a physiological role in, at least, the functional reengraftment of unconditioned bone marrow.
Reflections on the history of pre-mRNA processing and highlights of current knowledge: A unified picture (2013)

Several strong conclusions emerge concerning pre-mRNA processing from both old and newer experiments. The RNAPII complex is involved with pre-mRNA processing through binding of processing proteins to the CTD (carboxyl terminal domain) of the largest RNAPII subunit. These interactions are necessary for efficient processing, but whether factor binding to the CTD and delivery to splicing sites is obligatory or facilitatory is unsettled. Capping, addition of an m(7)Gppp residue (cap) to the initial transcribed residue of a pre-mRNA, occurs within seconds. Splicing of pre-mRNA by spliceosomes at particular sites is most likely committed during transcription by the binding of initiating processing factors and ∼50% of the time is completed in mammalian cells before completion of the primary transcript. This fact has led to an outpouring in the literature about "cotranscriptional splicing." However splicing requires several minutes for completion and can take longer. The RNAPII complex moves through very long introns and also through regions dense with alternating exons and introns at an average rate of ∼3 kb per min and is, therefore, not likely detained at each splice site for more than a few seconds, if at all. Cleavage of the primary transcript at the 3' end and polyadenylation occurs within 30 sec or less at recognized polyA sites, and the majority of newly polyadenylated pre-mRNA molecules are much larger than the average mRNA. Finally, it seems quite likely that the nascent RNA most often remains associated with the chromosomal locus being transcribed until processing is complete, possibly acquiring factors related to the transport of the new mRNA to the cytoplasm.
The pathophysiologic basis for blocking the renin-angiotensin system in hypertensive patients with renal disease (2005)

The current understanding of the interrelationships among hemodynamic, hormonal, and metabolic factors in the pathophysiology of renal disease remains incomplete. In the kidney, the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays an important role in all three of these physiologic pathways. There is no doubt that hypertension and diabetes are major risk factors for the progression of renal disease and that interruption of the RAS is renoprotective. In particular, the balance of interactions between angiotensin II and nitric oxide is a key factor in determining whether injury or protection of target organs ensues. Experimental studies suggest a novel link between hemodynamic and metabolic factors that may cooperate to induce progressive glomerular injury in conditions characterized by glomerular hypertension. Emerging data from experimental and clinical studies may lead to improvements in therapeutic efforts to prevent or slow the progression of renal disease.
Surface-Functionalizable Polymer Nanogels with Facile Hydrophobic Guest Encapsulation Capabilities (2010)

The stability of encapsulation in self-assembly systems is limited during blood circulation because of a requisite concentration for assembly formation. For deliberate molecular design for stable encapsulation, targeting, and triggered release, we have developed a facile synthetic method for highly stable, polymeric nanogels using a simple intra/interchain cross-linking reaction. We show a simple, emulsion-free method for the preparation of biocompatible nanogels that provides the ability to encapsulate hydrophobic guest molecules and surface functionalization which has potential for targeted delivery. We show that the noncovalently encapsulated guest molecules can be released in response to a biologically relevant stimulus.
Efficient filtering of XML documents with XPath expressions (2003)

We propose a novel index structure, termed XTrie, that supports the efficient filtering of XML documents based on XPath expressions. Our XTrie index structure offers several novel features that make it especially attractive for large scale publish/subscribe systems. First, XTrie is designed to support effective filtering based on complex XPath expressions (as opposed to simple, single-path specifications). Second, our XTrie structure and algorithms are designed to support both ordered and unordered matching of XML data. Third, by indexing on sequences of element names organized in a trie structure and using a sophisticated matching algorithm, XTrie is able to both reduce the number of unnecessary index probes as well as avoid redundant matchings, thereby providing extremely efficient filtering. Our experimental results over a wide range of XML document and XPath expression workloads demonstrate that our XTrie index structure outperforms earlier approaches by wide margins.
A Statistical Paradigm for Neural Spike Train Decoding Applied to Position Prediction from Ensemble Firing Patterns of Rat Hippocampal Place Cells (1998)

The problem of predicting the position of a freely foraging rat based on the ensemble firing patterns of place cells recorded from the CA1 region of its hippocampus is used to develop a two-stage statistical paradigm for neural spike train decoding. In the first, or encoding stage, place cell spiking activity is modeled as an inhomogeneous Poisson process whose instantaneous rate is a function of the animal's position in space and phase of its theta rhythm. The animal's path is modeled as a Gaussian random walk. In the second, or decoding stage, a Bayesian statistical paradigm is used to derive a nonlinear recursive causal filter algorithm for predicting the position of the animal from the place cell ensemble firing patterns. The algebra of the decoding algorithm defines an explicit map of the discrete spike trains into the position prediction. The confidence regions for the position predictions quantify spike train information in terms of the most probable locations of the animal given the ensemble firing pattern. Under our inhomogeneous Poisson model position was a three to five times stronger modulator of the place cell spiking activity than theta phase in an open circular environment. For animal 1 (2) the median decoding error based on 34 (33) place cells recorded during 10 min of foraging was 8.0 (7.7) cm. Our statistical paradigm provides a reliable approach for quantifying the spatial information in the ensemble place cell firing patterns and defines a generally applicable framework for studying information encoding in neural systems.
The Application of HPLC Chiral Stationary Phases to Pharmaceutical Analysis: The Resolution of Some Tropic Acid Derivatives (1984)

Abstract A number of amide and ester derivatives of tropic acid were chromatographed by using a commercially available covalently bonded HPLC chiral stationary phase, (R)-N-(3,5-dinitrobenzoyl)-phenylglycine. The amide derivatives, including pharmacologically important tropicamide, were resolved on this column, but the ester derivatives, including atropine, were not.
Functionalization of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes by Pyrene-Labeled Hydroxypropyl Cellulose (2008)

Pyrene-labeled hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC-Py) was synthesized through a condensation reaction between hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) and 1-pyrenebutyric acid (Py). A hybrid (HPC/MWNTs) of the HPC-Py and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) was prepared through a noncovalent method. Temperature-variable UV-vis spectra indicated that the HPC-Py had a lower critical solution temperature of about 44 degrees C in water. (1)H NMR, UV-vis, Raman, and fluorescence spectra were used to systematically investigate the pi-pi stacking interaction between the HPC-Py and MWNTs. Dispersion experiments showed the HPC/MWNTs hybrids could be well dispersed in water and many organic solvents.
Detection, Counting, and Imaging of Single Nanoparticles (2013)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTDetection, Counting, and Imaging of Single NanoparticlesWei Wang†* and Nongjian Tao†‡View Author Information† ‡ †Center for Bioelectronics and Biosensors, Biodesign Institute, ‡Department of Electrical Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States*E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: Anal. Chem. 2014, 86, 1, 2–14Publication Date (Web):December 12, 2013Publication History Published online12 December 2013Published inissue 7 January 2014https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac403890nhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ac403890nreview-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2013 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views6779Altmetric-Citations127LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Fluorescence,Metal nanoparticles,Nanoparticles,Plasmonic nanoparticles,Quantum dots Get e-Alerts
Regulation of Brain Phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate Kinase by GTP Analogues (1989)

Incorporation of 32P from [gamma-32P]ATP into phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) in membranes isolated from rat brain was enhanced in a concentration-dependent manner by the GTP analogue guanosine 5'-O-(thio)triphosphate (GTP gamma S). In contrast, neither the labeling of phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate in the same membranes nor PIP kinase activity in the soluble fraction were stimulated by GTP gamma S. Synthesis of [32P]PIP2 was not stimulated by GTP, GDP, GMP, or ATP; however, the stimulatory effects of GTP gamma S were antagonized by GTP, GDP, and guanosine 5'-O-thiodiphosphate (GDP beta S). The nucleotide-stimulated labeling of PIP2 was not due to protection of [gamma-32P] ATP from hydrolysis, activation of PIP2 hydrolysis by phospholipase C, or inhibition of PIP2 hydrolysis by its phosphomonoesterase. Therefore, phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate kinase activity in brain membranes may be regulated by a guanine nucleotide regulatory protein. This system may enhance the resynthesis of PIP2 following receptor-mediated activation of phospholipase C.
The Properties of Methylene- and Amine-Substituted Zeolites from First Principles (2004)

All-silica zeolite frameworks doped with methylene and amine groups are studied using density functional theory-based electron structure calculations. Strain energies are calculated in a novel way, by comparing zeolite energies with appropriate polymer reference systems. The modified zeolites are found to be mechanically stable structures with surprisingly little strain. Distortions due to impurities result in broadened Si-O-Si angle distributions in the lattice surrounding defects. Our results suggest that zeolites can accommodate both methylene and amine groups at high concentrations with minimal strain. The amine-doped zeolites are strong Lewis bases suggesting novel applications in base catalysis.
Adhesion and Strength of Viscoelastic Solids. Is There a Relationship between Adhesion and Bulk Properties? (1996)

Strength of adhesion depends upon the rheology of an adhesive as well as upon its interaction with a substrate. This is shown by studies using model joints prepared with different amounts of interlinking between two rubber sheets. The fracture energy G per unit of interfacial area appears to be a product of two terms: G = Go [1 + f(R,T)], where Go is the intrinsic (chemical) strength of the interface and f(R,T), usually much larger than unity, reflects energy dissipated viscoelastically within the adherends at a crack speed R and temperature T. Values of Go range from virtually zero for nonbonded sheets up to the threshold tear strength of rubber, 50−80 J/m2, in proportion to the density of interfacial bonds. Values of G are as much as 1000× greater at high speeds and low temperatures. Like adhesion, the tear strength of a soft rubbery solid is also increased by internal energy losses and shows the same marked dependence upon rate of tearing. By comparing the rate R at which tear strength increases by a certain factor with the angular frequency ω at which the elastic modulus μ increases by the same factor the length δ of the dissipative zone at the crack tip can be estimated: δ = R/ω. But values obtained in this way are only about 1 Å, too small to represent an actual dissipation zone in rubber. It seems likely instead that fracture takes place intermittently, the crack growing at high speed and then stopping. A possible mechanism of crack stopping is by splitting at the crack tip. Indeed, tip blunting can be inferred by comparing tear strength with resistance to cutting, when blunting is suppressed. Cutting resistance increases much more slowly with increasing rate and decreasing temperature. Thus, much of the observed tear strength of soft adhesives and soft solids is attributed to crack-tip blunting. Further research is needed to establish the exact nature of the blunting process and how it is related (as it clearly is) to viscoelastic and dissipative properties. Attention is drawn to other unresolved issues in adhesion science.
Concise Total Synthesis of (+)‐WIN 64821 and (−)‐Ditryptophenaline (2008)

On a fast track: The secondary metabolites (+)-WIN 64821 and (−)-ditryptophenaline have been synthesized in six and seven steps, respectively, from amino acid derivatives in a concise and enantioselective manner. The gram-scale synthesis of key intermediates and the simultaneous introduction of vicinal quaternary stereocenters are described. The synthesis and structural confirmation of (−)-1′-(2-phenylethylene)ditryptophenaline is also reported. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2008/z704960_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Synthesis and Spectroscopic and Electrochemical Properties of TTF-Derivatized Polycarbazole (2008)

Two polycarbazoles with tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) as pendant group were synthesized first by Yamamoto coupling reaction using Ni(1,5-cyclooctadiene)2 (Ni(COD)2) as the catalyst. The structures of the polymers and their intermediates were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, MS, GPC, UV−vis, and IR. The electrochemical behaviors of the polymers were characterized by cyclic voltammetry. These polymers exhibit higher conductivity up to about 0.1 S cm-1.
Circadian Locomotor Rhythms Are Normal in Ts65Dn “Down Syndrome” Mice and Unaffected by Pentylenetetrazole (2010)

Ts65Dn mice are used extensively as a model for Down syndrome. Recent studies have reported conflicting evidence as to whether these mice express circadian rhythms. The authors therefore recorded locomotor activity patterns from these animals while they were housed under a standard light-dark cycle, constant darkness (DD), and constant light (LL). Contrary to expectations, Ts65Dn mice had more robust circadian rhythms with slightly shorter periods compared with their wild-type littermates. They also exhibited increased rhythm period and marked activity suppression when moved from DD to LL (i.e., Aschoff's rule). Administration of the GABA(A) antagonist pentylenetetrazole did not influence any of these circadian parameters. Thus, locomotor activity is under strict circadian control in Ts65Dn mice, suggesting that their cognitive deficits and sleep disturbances are not due to dysfunctional circadian timing as proposed previously.