gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
New Image Processing Tools for Structural Dynamic Monitoring (2007)

This paper presents an introduction to structural damage assessment using image processing on real data (non ideal conditions). Our contribution is much more a groundwork than a classical experimental validation. After measuring the bridge dynamic parameter on a small resolution video, we conjointly present advantages and limitations of our method. Finally we introduce several “computer vision” based rules and focus on the technical ability to detect damage using camera and video motion estimation.
Phase I/II Study of Metastatic Melanoma Patients Treated with Nivolumab Who Had Progressed after Ipilimumab (2016)

The checkpoint inhibitor nivolumab is active in patients with metastatic melanoma who have failed ipilimumab. In this phase I/II study, we assessed nivolumab's safety in 92 ipilimumab-refractory patients with unresectable stage III or IV melanoma, including those who experienced grade 3-4 drug-related toxicity to ipilimumab. We report long-term survival, response duration, and biomarkers in these patients after nivolumab treatment (3 mg/kg) every 2 weeks for 24 weeks, then every 12 weeks for up to 2 years, with or without a multipeptide vaccine. The response rate for ipilimumab-refractory patients was 30% (95% CI, 21%-41%). The median duration of response was 14.6 months, median progression-free survival was 5.3 months, and median overall survival was 20.6 months, when patients were followed up for a median of 16 months. One- and 2-year survival rates were 68.4% and 31.2%, respectively. Ipilimumab-naïve and ipilimumab-refractory patients showed no significant difference in survival. The 21 patients with prior grade 3-4 toxicity to ipilimumab that was managed with steroids tolerated nivolumab well, with 62% (95% CI, 38%-82%) having complete or partial responses or stabilized disease at 24 weeks. High numbers of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) were associated with poor survival. Thus, survival and long-term safety were excellent in ipilimumab-refractory patients treated with nivolumab. Prior grade 3-4 immune-related adverse effects from ipilimumab were not indicative of nivolumab toxicities, and patients had a high overall rate of remission or stability at 24 weeks. Prospectively evaluating MDSC numbers before treatment could help assess the expected benefit of nivolumab.
Cobalt metallization of DNA: toward magnetic nanowires (2005)

Co nanoparticles have been assembled in situ on a template of double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) to form magnetic nanowires. DNA was immobilized on freshly cleaved mica or silanized glass and oriented by molecular combing. Pd(II) ions bound to DNA were reduced to zero-valence nanoclusters, which selectively catalysed deposition of Co(0) in a dimethylamine borane (DMAB)-based reducing bath. Co nanoclusters grew only where Pd nuclei were localized on the DNA template. Material characterization by UV–vis spectroscopy (UVS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) spectroscopy revealed that the fabrication process resulted in the formation of Co nanowires microns long and 10–20 nm thick.
An Addressable Satellite Encryption System for Preventing Signal Piracy (1981)

Satellite signals which transmit television and other commercial communications can no longer be thought of as secure. The advent of lowv cost TVRO's has opened the door to the threat of signal piracy. In response to this threat, a signal security system was developed which masks both audio and video intelligibility. The system can effectively shield programming, control its delivery, and protect private sensitive information. Presently it is used at C-band and Ku-band with conventional TVRO's and all existing satellites. It is, of course, directly applicable for the use in the Direct Broadcast Systems in the near future.
Structured Training for Neural Network Transition-Based Parsing (2015)

David Weiss, Chris Alberti, Michael Collins, Slav Petrov. Proceedings of the 53rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 7th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (Volume 1: Long Papers). 2015.
SyncScan: practical fast handoff for 802.11 infrastructure networks (2005)

Wireless access networks scale by replicating base stations geographically and then allowing mobile clients to seamlessly "hand off" from one station to the next as they traverse the network. However, providing the illusion of continuous connectivity requires selecting the right moment to handoff and the right base station to transfer to. Unfortunately, 802.11-based networks only attempt a handoff when a client's service degrades to a point where connectivity is threatened. Worse, the overhead of scanning for nearby base stations is routinely over 250 ms - during which incoming packets are dropped - far longer than what can be tolerated by highly interactive applications such as voice telephony. In this paper we describe SyncScan, a low-cost technique for continuously tracking nearby base stations by synchronizing short listening periods at the client with periodic transmissions from each base station. We have implemented this SyncScan algorithm using commodity 802.11 hardware and we demonstrate that it allows better handoff decisions and over an order of magnitude improvement in handoff delay. Finally, our approach only requires trivial implementation changes, is incrementally deployable and is completely backward compatible with existing 802.11 standards.
Mutations in the N-Terminal Domains of Nectin-1 and Nectin-2 Reveal Differences in Requirements for Entry of Various Alphaherpesviruses and for Nectin-Nectin Interactions (2002)

Nectin-1 and nectin-2 are related molecules that can function with different specificities as entry receptors for mammalian alphaherpesviruses through interaction with viral glycoprotein D (gD). The normal function of members of the nectin family is to mediate cell-cell adhesion through homotypic and heterotypic nectin-nectin interactions in cadherin-based adherens junctions. We examined mutations in three equivalent regions of the N-terminal V-like domains of nectin-1 and nectin-2 to test the effects on entry of various alphaherpesviruses, nectin-nectin interactions, and interactions of the mutant nectins with gD. Mutations in region I previously shown to severely impair herpes simplex virus (HSV) entry activity, but not pseudorabies virus (PRV) or bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) entry, did not reduce homotypic trans interactions for either nectin-1 or nectin-2 or binding of nectin-3 to nectin-1. Mutations in region II, patterned after a reported single-nucleotide polymorphism in nectin-2, enhanced intracellular accumulation of both nectin-1 and nectin-2 and had a deleterious effect on all of the activities under study. Mutations in region III previously shown to reduce homotypic trans interactions of nectin-2 impaired the entry of PRV and BHV-1 when introduced into either nectin-1 or nectin-2, but only the nectin-2 mutation reduced HSV entry activity. Binding of nectin-1 to nectin-3 was not affected. Effects of the nectin-1 and nectin-2 mutations on interactions with gD did not necessarily correlate with entry activity of the mutant receptors. We can conclude that structural requirements for HSV entry, PRV and BHV-1 entry, and homotypic and heterotypic trans interactions are all different despite the previously reported ability of HSV and HSV gD to inhibit trans interactions.
Photosensitivity of polyvinylesters of substituted cinnamylideneacetic acids (1972)

Abstract Several polyvinylesters of substituted cinnamylideneacetic acids were synthesized and their photosensitivities were investigated. It was found that polyvinylesters of planar acids reacted photochemically effectively and were spectrally sensitized by usual triplet sensitizer. On the other hand, polyvinylesters of twisted acids exhibited poor photosensitive properties. Poly(vinyl α‐cyanocinnamylideneacetate) (PV‐V) was found to be an excellent photosensitive polymer with respect to both photosensitivity and thermal stability (or storage stability).
Identification of a member of mouse semaphorin family (1995)

Grasshopper semaphorin I (Sema I) and its related proteins, chick collapsin and mouse Sema III contribute to the axon guidance by their repellent actions [5,9,12]. We have identified a member of semaphorin gene family from the mouse brain and named it M-Sema F. The N-terminal encodes a semaphorin domain that is similar between Sema I-III [6] followed by a single putative immunoglobulin-like domain, a transmembrane domain, and a proline-rich intracellular domain. M-Sema F mRNA is expressed widely in the nervous tissues during development. These suggest that M-Sema F is a transmembrane member of the semaphorin family of the vertebrate which may function in the developing neuronal network.
Optimal Protection for Progressive Image Transmission over Noisy Channels: A General Approach (2001)

In this paper, we studied the problem of transmissions of embedded image bit streams over nite state Markov chain (FSMC) channels. A general approach called error sequence analysis (ESA) is proposed to evaluate and optimize the the performance of the received image quality in various channel conditions (Table1). By using ESA, a general source model for the embedded image bit stream called the av erage of the rst error-free run length (FEFRL) is obtained in close-form. Existing results on BSCs and two state memory (Gilbert-Elliott) channels are shown to bespecial cases of the model. F urthermore, there is no constraint on the structure and the number of states of the FSMC channels in the proposed approach. With this source model, the motion (Doppler) e ects on progressive image transmissions in fading channels are rev ealedfor the rst time. The relationships to other approaches are also clari ed.
Elimination of Antibodies to Recombinant Enzyme in Pompe's Disease (2009)

To the Editor: Infantile Pompe's disease is due to a deficiency of lysosomal acid alpha glucosidase (GAA). In patients in whom GAA is not produced, a status called cross-reacting immunologic material (CRIM)–negative, enzyme-replacement therapy with recombinant human GAA (rhGAA) has uniformly led to high titers of anti-rhGAA antibody, with an ultimately fatal outcome.1 Previous attempts at eliminating rhGAA antibodies in these patients have failed.1–3 We report the successful induction of immune modulation in a CRIM-negative patient with Pompe's disease who continues to be antibody-free at 24 months of age and continues to gain motor milestones. A baby boy of . . .
Recombinant human CD40 ligand stimulates B cell proliferation and immunoglobulin E secretion. (1992)

Signaling through the cell surface molecule, CD40, is known to play an important role in the proliferation and differentiation of B lymphocytes. Using the thymoma cell line EL4, we recently identified and cloned a cDNA encoding a murine ligand for the CD40 molecule (mCD40-L) and showed that it has biological activity in vitro. A cDNA encoding a human homologue of the mCD40-L was isolated using crosshybridization techniques from an activated peripheral blood T cell library. The predicted amino acid sequence indicates that this human ligand for CD40 (hCD40-L) is a 261 amino acid type II membrane protein that exhibits 78% amino acid identity with its murine counterpart. Northern blot and FACS analyses suggest that the hCD40-L is restricted in its expression to T lymphocytes, and that it is most abundant on the CD4+ T cell subpopulation. Cells transfected with hCD40-L caused the proliferation of human tonsil B cells in the absence of costimuli and, in the presence of interleukin 4, induced immunoglobulin E secretion from purified human B cells. A comparison of the efficacy of the hCD40-L and mCD40-L in these assays is presented.
Lipid digestion and absorption in early life: an update (2010)

Both fat digestion and product absorption are different in newborn infants compared to adults; other lipases are used for digestion and different physical-chemical phases may be used for product absorption. Why these differences occur is still an unsolved question of considerable importance to neonatal nutrition.
Cyclic nucleotides differentially regulate the synthesis of tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1 beta by human mononuclear cells. (1991)

Recent reports have shown that phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors suppress production of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in mouse macrophages. In the present study we show that theophylline, pentoxifylline and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine markedly suppress the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced synthesis of TNF-alpha (also) in human mononuclear cells. This effect is selective for TNF-alpha since up to several-fold higher concentrations of these PDE inhibitors do not affect production of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) in the same system. The observed effect of PDE inhibitors appears to be mediated by accumulation of cAMP since (i) addition of PDE inhibitors increases cAMP while cGMP levels are only marginally elevated; (ii) raising cAMP by another mechanism (enhanced formation induced by prostaglandin E2; PGE2) leads to a similar suppression of TNF-alpha production; and (iii) raising cGMP by activating the soluble guanylate cyclase by 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN 1) does not inhibit TNF-alpha synthesis. However, SIN 1 suppressed the synthesis of IL-1 beta. Selective suppression of TNF-alpha synthesis by PDE inhibitors may contribute to their beneficial effects in animal models of septic shock or lung injury and may thus have clinical implications.
Temperature dependences ofCr+3radiative and nonradiative transitions in ruby and emerald (1975)

The sequence of ${\mathrm{Cr}}^{+3}$ temperature effects in ruby and emerald deduced by Kisliuk and Moore is analyzed quantitatively by the quantum-mechanical single-configurational-coordinate model. The energy parabolas are positioned so that the thermal Franck-Condon weights account both for the positions and shapes of the optical bands and, through the nonradiative rates, for the thermal quenchings of emissions. Parabola phonon energies near 500 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ explain the overall optical-band shapes disregarding fine structure, and larger phonon energies near 800 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ explain the nonradiative rates. Relative to the small-offset parabolas, the large-offset $^{4}T_{2}$ and $^{4}T_{1}$ parabolas have to be downshifted by a few $kT$ units with increasing temperature to take into account effects of lattice thermal expansion. The $^{4}T_{2}$ downshift enhances $^{4}T_{2}$ thermal repopulation from $^{2}E$. In the single-ion model used, quantum losses occur only above 450\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K due to thermally activated $^{2}E\ensuremath{\rightarrow}^{4}T_{2}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}^{4}A_{2}$ processes, and the $^{4}T_{2}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}^{4}A_{2}$ transitions occur at energies closer to the $^{4}T_{2}$ parabola minimum than to the $^{4}T_{2}$, $^{4}A_{2}$ crossover. Forster's sequence of ruby temperature effects and the different quantum efficiencies reported for excitation into $^{2}E$ and $^{4}T_{2}$ are not possible in the model.
Effect of Preparation Conditions of Sol–Gel-Derived Co–N–C-Based Catalysts on ORR Activity in Acidic Solutions (2008)

Using a Co oxide ethanol-based sol as a precursor solution, nitrogen (N)- and carbon (C)-containing ligands [1,2 phenylene diamine (phen) and ethylene diamine (en)] were added to produce an oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalyst precursor. After adsorption on carbon powder, heat-treatment in an inert atmosphere at , and the addition of Nafion as a binder, the powdered mixture was coated on a glassy carbon electrode and evaluated for its ORR activity in 0.5 M . The catalyst–carbon powder ratio, heat-treatment temperature, ligand type, and ligand:Co ratio were optimized, and the effect of increased catalyst layer thickness, particle size, and C support was also determined. It was concluded that a phen-based catalyst with a metal to ligand ratio of 1:2, a heat-treatment at , and a concentration of 4 wt % Co was the most active, selective, and stable ORR catalyst material of the materials developed in the present work. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis showed the formation of both Co metal and units upon heat-treatment, with the most active catalyst having a 5.3:1 overall N–Co ratio.
Disparity/segmentation analysis: matching with an adaptive window and depth-driven segmentation (1999)

Most of the emerging content-based multimedia technologies are based on efficient methods to solve machine early vision tasks. Among other tasks, object segmentation is perhaps the most important problem in single image processing, whereas pixel-correspondence estimation is the crucial task in multiview image analysis. The solution of these two problems is the key for the development of the majority of leading-edge interactive video-communication technologies and telepresence systems. In this paper, we present a robust framework comprised of joined pixel-correspondence estimation and image segmentation in video sequences taken simultaneously from different perspectives. An improved concept for stereo-image analysis based on block matching with a local adaptive window is introduced. The size and shape of the reference window is calculated adaptively according to the degree of reliability of disparities estimated previously. Considerable improvements are obtained just within object borders or image areas that become occluded by applying the proposed block-matching model. An initial object segmentation is obtained by merging neighboring sampling positions with disparity vectors of similar size and direction. Starting from this initial segmentation, true object borders are detected using a contour-matching algorithm. In this process, the contour of the initial segmentation is taken as a reference pattern, and the edges extracted from the original images, by applying a multiscale algorithm, are the candidates for the true object contour. The performance of the introduced methods has been verified.
In vivo expansion of HLA-B35 alloreactive T cells sharing homologous T cell receptors: evidence for maintenance of an oligoclonally dominated allospecificity by persistent stimulation with an autologous MHC/peptide complex. (1995)

The nature of alloantigens seen by T lymphocytes, in particular the role of peptides in allorecognition, has been studied intensively whereas knowledge about the in vivo emergence, diversity, and the structural basis of specificity of alloreactive T cells is very limited. Here we describe human T cell clones that recognize HLA-B35 alloantigens in a peptide-dependent manner. TCR sequence analysis revealed that several of these allospecific clones utilize homologous TCR: they all express TCRAV2S3J36C1 and TCRBV4S1J2S7C2 chains with highly related CDR3 sequences. Thus peptide-specific alloreactivity is reflected in homologous CDR3 sequences in a manner similar to that described for T cells that recognize nominal peptide/self-MHC complexes. The in vivo frequency of this TCR specificity was studied in unstimulated PBL of the responding cell donor who was not sensitized against HLA-B35. The vast majority (approximately 75%) of the VA2S3J36 junctional regions obtained from two samples of PBL, isolated at a 9-yr interval, encode CDR3 identical or homologous to those of the functionally characterized HLA-B35 allospecific T cells. These data are most easily explained by a model of alloreactivity in which persistent or recurrent exposure to a foreign peptide/self-MHC complex led to the in vivo expansion and long-term maintenance of specific T cells that show fortuitous crossrecognition of an HLA-B35/peptide complex and dominate the alloresponse against HLA-B35.
The clinical value of computerized information services. A review of 98 randomized clinical trials (1996)

Randomized clinical trials confirm that four generic information interventions are active ingredients of computer systems and can make a significant difference in family medicine (physician and patient reminders, treatment planner, and patient education). To manage care and improve quality, primary care computer systems should incorporate these effective information services.
REEXPOSURE TO OKT3 IN RENAL ALLOGRAFT RECIPIENTS (1988)

Between 40% and 80% of patients treated with the monoclonal antibody OKT3 develop blocking antibody against its idiotypic region. Thus a major concern with the use of OKT3 as part of a baseline immunosuppressive regimen is that formation of blocking antibodies might preclude its subsequent use. Between 7/86 and 2/87, 32 patients received prophylactic OKT3 in addition to low-dose prednisone, azathioprine, and cyclosporine. Prophylactic OKT3 did not prevent rejection, as 21 of 32 patients studied developed rejection. Retreatment of 13 patients with OKT3 successfully reversed 12 rejections and lowered the number of T3-positive cells in spite of a low level of blocking antibody in two patients in this group. Of the patients analyzed, 38% developed blocking antibody on initial exposure to OKT3, but OKT3 reuse was denied only 4 patients due to the presence of these antibodies. Three of these had rejections reversed with steroids alone; the other patient lost the allograft. A high frequency of infectious complications occurred in the retreatment group, with viral infections predominating. Only one patient in the retreated group developed antibodies after the second use. Appearance of blocking antibodies after use of OKT3 as part of a base-line prophylactic immunosuppressive regimen did not significantly compromise access to OKT3 for treatment of subsequent rejection episodes, but multiple exposures to OKT3 did increase the frequency of infectious complications.
Intrinsic Fibrinolytic Capacity and Systemic Inflammation: Novel Risk Factors for Arterial Thrombotic Disease (1997)

Traditional risk factors, e.g. hyperlipidemia, cigarette consumption, blood pressure, family history, and diabetes, predict < 50% of all future cardiovascular events. This paper reviews the use of novel hemostatic and thrombotic markers, such as intrinsic fibrinolysis and systemic micro-inflammation, for the prediction of the risk of arterial thrombotic disease. It has been hypothesized that relative abnormalities in the hemostatic and thrombotic systems are common on a population basis, and that they predispose certain individuals to clinically pathologic thrombosis. Abnormal levels of fibrinolytic parameters have been shown to predict future cardiovascular events, and tissue-type plasminogen activator antigen appears to be the most useful of these markers. Low-grade chronic inflammation may play an important role in atherogenesis. Of the newer inflammatory parameters, C-reactive protein has been the best studied and evidence suggests that elevated levels of C-reactive protein can predict the future risk of both myocardial infarction and stroke, both in healthy individuals and in patients with known coronary artery disease. Results from clinical trials to evaluate whether modification of novel risk factors results in a net clinical benefit are limited at present. However, novel markers will probably provide new directions in both thrombosis research and disease prevention.