gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Correction: Human MicroRNA Targets (2005)

We incorrectly named the products of two genes, gamma actin and betaAPP, as FMRP ligands because of a misreading of Table BetaAPP is incorrectly referred to as an FMRP ligand in Tables This does not change the use of FMRP binding as a way to support the target predictions, as the statistics remain virtually the same; the enrichment of FMRP targets within the predicted microRNA target set changes from 5.31 to 5.26 as a result of our misclassifi cation. In addition, it does not change the fact that betaAPP is a predicted microRNA target. Our Web site at http://www.microrna.org/ contains the updated information with changes fl agged.
Identification, cloning and sequence analysis of the poly(3-hydroxyalkanoic acid) synthase gene of the Gram-positive bacterium Rhodococcus ruber (1992)

The first polyhydroxyalkanoic acid (PHA) synthase gene (phbCRr) of a Gram-positive bacterium was cloned from a genomic library of Rhodococcus ruber in the broad-host-range plasmid vector pRK404. The hybrid plasmid harboring phbCRr allowed the expression of polyhydroxybutyric acid (PHB) synthase activity and restored the ability of PHB synthesis in a PHB-negative mutant of Alcaligenes eutrophus. Nucleotide sequence analysis of phbCRr revealed an open reading frame of 1686 bp starting with the rare codon TTG and encoding a protein of relative molecular mass 61,371. The deduced amino acid sequence of phbCRr exhibited homologies to the primary structures of the PHA synthases of A. eutrophus and Pseudomonas oleovorans. Preparation of PHA granules by discontinuous density gradient centrifugation of crude cellular extracts revealed four major bands in an SDS polyacrylamide gel. A Mr 61,000 protein was identified as the PHA synthase of R. ruber by N-terminal amino acid sequence determination.
Multiple Transcription Factors Are Required for Activation of Human Interleukin 9 Gene in T Cells (1996)

The genetic elements and regulatory mechanisms responsible for human interleukin 9 (IL-9) gene expression in a human T cell leukemia virus type I-transformed human T cell line, C5MJ2, were investigated. We demonstrated that IL-9 gene expression is controlled, at least in part, by transcriptional activation. Transient expression of the luciferase reporter gene linked to serially deleted sequences of the 5'-flanking region of the IL-9 gene has revealed several positive and negative regulatory elements involved in the basal and inducible expression of the IL-9 gene in C5MJ2 cells. An AP-1 site at -146 to -140 was shown to be involved in the expression of the IL-9 gene. A proximal region between -46 and -80 was identified as the minimum sequence for the basal and inducible expression of the IL-9 gene in C5MJ2 cells. Within this region, an NF-kappaB site at -59 to -50 and its adjacent 20-base pair upstream sequence were demonstrated to play a critical role for the IL-9 promoter activity. DNA-protein binding studies indicated that NF-kappaB, c-Jun, and potentially novel proteins (around 35 kDa) can bind to this important sequence. Mutations at different sites within this proximal promoter region abolished the promoter activity as well as the DNA binding. Taken together, these results suggest that the cooperation of different transcription factors is essential for IL-9 gene expression in T cells.
Parkinson's Disease (1998)

At no time in the past have the basic and clinical sciences applied to Parkinson's disease been so active. Experimental therapies under study at present promise to improve on the limitations of existing treatments. Future progress in understanding the causation and pathogenesis of the disorder will permit the development of new treatments that will slow, halt, or even reverse the currently inexorable progressive course of Parkinson's disease.
Alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin (α-SMA) (2008)

Alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) is the actin isoform that predominates within vascular smooth-muscle cells and plays an important role in fibrogenesis. Myofibroblasts are metabolically and morphologically distinctive fibroblasts expressing alpha-SMA, and their activation plays a key role in development of the fibrotic response. In an activated state, myofibroblasts cease to proliferate and start to synthesize large amounts of extracellular component proteins. The expression of alpha-SMA correlates with the activation of myofibroblasts. In contrast, the expression of alpha-SMA in cells made quiescent by cell-cell contact was lower than that in cells made quiescent by serum starvation. (The Journal of American Science. 2008;4(4):7-9). (ISSN: 1545-1003).
Evolving wavelet neural networks (2002)

A wavelet neural network with evolutionary programming is proposed in this paper. Unlike the conventional backpropagation training algorithm, the evolutionary programming does not require gradient information and can provide a stochastic optimal search. The proposed method is used to approximate nonlinear functions and solve classification problems. Some experimental results are proposed to show the potential of the evolving wavelet neural networks.
Stereoselective synthesis of moenocinol and assignment of its carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStereoselective synthesis of moenocinol and assignment of its carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrumRobert M. Coates and Mark W. JohnsonCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1980, 45, 13, 2685–2697Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01301a028https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01301a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views320Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Laboratory and preliminary clinical characterization of Vi capsular polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccines (1994)

To improve its immunogenicity for children and adults and to make it suitable for routine immunization of infants against typhoid fever, the capsular polysaccharide of Salmonella typhi (Vi) was bound to the B subunit of the heat-labile toxin (LT-B) of Escherichia coli or the recombinant exoprotein A (rEPA) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The conjugates elicited higher levels of antibodies (micrograms per milliliter of serum) in mice and in guinea pigs than did Vi and, unlike Vi alone, elicited booster antibody responses in both species. In adult volunteers, Vi-LT-B and Vi-rEPA, respectively, elicited higher levels of antibodies than Vi alone after the first injection (4.74 versus 1.77 and 4.91 versus 1.77; P < 0.005) and 26 weeks later (2.32 and 2.69 versus 0.54; P < 0.04); a second injection of the conjugates did not elicit a booster response of Vi antibodies. None of the 51 vaccinees had fever or significant local reactions. Vi-rEPA elicited slightly higher levels of Vi antibodies than did Vi-LT-B at all intervals after injection, but these differences were not significant. Each conjugate elicited antibodies to its carrier protein. The antibody responses elicited in adults by Vi bound to LT-B and rEPA are similar to those of other polysaccharide-protein conjugates. These conjugates promise to be an improved Vi vaccine. Studies of Vi conjugates with adults and infants in areas where typhoid is endemic are planned.
Characterization of proteins encoded by the short unique region of herpesvirus of turkeys byin vitroexpression (1994)

Nine open reading frames mapping in the short unique (US) region of the genome of herpesvirus of turkeys (HVT) were expressed by in vitro transcription and translation. The observed M(r)s of US10, SORF3 and US2 were as predicted from the sequence but there were discrepancies between the observed and predicted M(r)s of US1, protein kinase, gI, gD and gE. These could be accounted for in most cases by post-translational and co-translational processing. Analysis of the synthesized products at different time points provided evidence for post-translational modification of HVT protein kinase. Translation in the presence of microsomal membranes resulted in co-translational processing of HVT gD, gI and gE by glycosylation and signal peptide cleavage.
Reduction in Vascular Lesion Formation by Hirudin Secreted From Retrovirus-Transduced Confluent Endothelial Cells on Vascular Grafts in Baboons (1999)

Viral vector-directed secretion of hirudin from ECs lining implanted AVGs significantly reduces the formation of thrombus and neointimal vascular lesions.
CHEMICAL, CLINICAL, AND IMMUNOLOGICAL STUDIES ON THE PRODUCTS OF HUMAN PLASMA FRACTIONATION. IV. A STUDY OF THE THERMAL STABILITY OF HUMAN SERUM ALBUMIN 123 (1944)

Normal human serum albumin, though prepared as a white dry powder, is distributed to the armed forces as a 25 per cent aqueous solu- tion. This is advantageous, since the solution is ready without reconstitution for immediate emergency use, and is possible, because the albumin solution is very stable, and, for a pro- tein, very resistant to heat.
ACSM Position Stand: The Recommended Quantity and Quality of Exercise for Developing and Maintaining Cardiorespiratory and Muscular Fitness, and Flexibility in Healthy Adults (1998)

ACSM Position Stand on The Recommended Quantity and Quality of Exercise for Developing and Maintaining Cardiorespiratory and Muscular Fitness, and Flexibility in Adults. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 30, No. 6, pp. 975-991, 1998. The combination of frequency, intensity, and duration of chronic exercise has been found to be effective for producing a training effect. The interaction of these factors provide the overload stimulus. In general, the lower the stimulus the lower the training effect, and the greater the stimulus the greater the effect. As a result of specificity of training and the need for maintaining muscular strength and endurance, and flexibility of the major muscle groups, a well-rounded training program including aerobic and resistance training, and flexibility exercises is recommended. Although age in itself is not a limiting factor to exercise training, a more gradual approach in applying the prescription at older ages seems prudent. It has also been shown that aerobic endurance training of fewer than 2 d.wk-1, at less than 40-50% of VO2R, and for less than 10 min-1 is generally not a sufficient stimulus for developing and maintaining fitness in healthy adults. Even so, many health benefits from physical activity can be achieved at lower intensities of exercise if frequency and duration of training are increased appropriately. In this regard, physical activity can be accumulated through the day in shorter bouts of 10-min durations. In the interpretation of this position stand, it must be recognized that the recommendations should be used in the context of participant's needs, goals, and initial abilities. In this regard, a sliding scale as to the amount of time allotted and intensity of effort should be carefully gauged for the cardiorespiratory, muscular strength and endurance, and flexibility components of the program. An appropriate warm-up and cool-down period, which would include flexibility exercises, is also recommended. The important factor is to design a program for the individual to provide the proper amount of physical activity to attain maximal benefit at the lowest risk. Emphasis should be placed on factors that result in permanent lifestyle change and encourage a lifetime of physical activity.
Genetic Relationships Between the G Protein βγ Complex, Ste5p, Ste20p and Cdc42p: Investigation of Effector Roles in the Yeast Pheromone Response Pathway (1996)

The Saccharomyces cerevisiae G protein beta gamma dimer, Ste4p/Ste18p, acts downstream of the alpha subunit, Gpa1p, to activate the pheromone response pathway and therefore must interact with a downstream effector. Synthetic sterile mutants that exacerbate the phenotype of ste4-ts mutations were isolated to identify proteins that functionally interact with Ste4p. The identification of a ste18 mutant indicated that this screen could identify proteins that interact directly with Ste4p. The other mutations were in STE5 and the STE20 kinase gene, which act near Ste4p in the pathway, and a new gene called STE21. ste20 null mutants showed residual mating, suggesting that another kinase may provide some function. Overexpression of Ste5p under galactose control activated the pheromone response pathway. This activation was dependent on Ste4p and Ste18p and partially dependent on Ste20p. These results cannot be explained by the linear pathway of Ste4p-->Ste20p-->Ste5p. Overexpression of Cdc42p resulted in a slight increase in pheromone induction of a reporter gene, and overexpression of activated forms of Cdc42p resulted in a further twofold increase. Mutations in pheromone response pathway components did not suppress the lethality associated with the activated CDC42 mutations, suggesting that this effect is independent of the pheromone response pathway.
Field design and operation of a novel deepwater, wide-azimuth node seismic survey (2007)

Many new deepwater, subsalt Gulf of Mexico developments are afflicted by poor imaging caused by the complex nature of their salt overburdens. The Atlantis Field is an example; a poor image of its northern flank hindered development. The ocean-bottom seismic (OBS) autonomous node method was applied with the goal of substantially improving the subsalt reservoir image.
VisemeNet: Audio-Driven Animator-Centric Speech Animation (2018)

We present a novel deep-learning based approach to producing animator-centric speech motion curves that drive a JALI or standard FACS-based production face-rig, directly from input audio. Our three-stage Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network architecture is motivated by psycho-linguistic insights: segmenting speech audio into a stream of phonetic-groups is sufficient for viseme construction; speech styles like mumbling or shouting are strongly co-related to the motion of facial landmarks; and animator style is encoded in viseme motion curve profiles. Our contribution is an automatic real-time lip-synchronization from audio solution that integrates seamlessly into existing animation pipelines. We evaluate our results by: cross-validation to ground-truth data; animator critique and edits; visual comparison to recent deep-learning lip-synchronization solutions; and showing our approach to be resilient to diversity in speaker and language.
Mesoporous Hydrous Manganese Dioxide Nanowall Arrays with Large Lithium Ion Energy Storage Capacities (2009)

Abstract Novel nanowall arrays of hydrous manganese dioxide MnO 2 · 0.5H 2 O are deposited onto cathodic substrates by the potentiostatic method from a mixed aqueous solution of manganese acetate and sodium sulfate. The deposition is induced by a change of local pH resulting from electrolysis of H 2 O, and hierarchical mesoporous nanowall arrays are formed as a result of simultaneous precipitation of manganese hydroxide and release of hydrogen gas bubbles from the cathode. The morphology and lithium ion intercalation properties are found to change appreciably with the concentration of the precursor electrolyte, with a significant reduction in specific surface area with an increased precursor concentration. For example, mesoporous nanowall arrays deposited from 0.1 M solution possess a surface area of ∼96 m 2 g −1 and exhibit a stable high intercalation capacity of 256 mA hg −1 with a film of 0.5 µm in thickness, far exceeding the theoretical limit of 150 mA hg −1 for manganese dioxide bulk film. Such mesoporous nanowall arrays offer much greater energy storage capacity (e.g., ∼230 mA hg −1 for films of ∼2.5 µm) than that of anodic deposited films of the same thickness (∼80 mA hg −1 ). Such high lithium ion intercalation capacity and excellent cyclic stability of the mesoporous nanowall arrays, especially for thicker films, are ascribed to the hierarchically structured macro‐ and mesoporosity of the MnO 2 · 0.5H 2 O nanowall arrays, which offer large surface to volume ratio favoring interface Faradaic reactions, short solid‐state diffusion paths, and freedom to permit volume change during lithium ion intercalation and de‐intercalation.
Characterization and Leaching of Neodymium Magnet Waste and Solvent Extraction of the Rare-Earth Elements Using TODGA (2017)

The rare-earth elements (REEs) are considered as some of the most critical elements in the EU and the USA today. E-scrap, such as end-of-life neodymium magnets, could be a viable secondary source for the recovery of these elements. Neodymium magnets (NdFeB) consist of considerable amounts of Nd, Dy, Pr, and some other REEs, depending on the specific application. Apart from REEs, neodymium magnets are made up of around 60% iron, which can pose a challenge in their recycling. For example, iron can be dissolved along with other elements during leaching or co-extracted during solvent extraction. In this work, extraction of REEs with TODGA (tetraoctyl-diglycolamide) from a real leachate, obtained by neodymium magnet powder dissolution in nitric acid, was studied. The goal was to selectively extract the REEs from other elements in the solution. TODGA was used as the extracting agent due to its selective extraction properties for REEs and other f-block elements. The influence of the diluent on the overall extraction and the selectivity of the extraction was studied in order to determine application feasibility of future processes. To this end, experiments using Solvent 70 (hydrocarbons C11–C14, ≤0.5 wt% aromatics), hexane, toluene, cyclohexanone and 1-octanol as the diluents were performed. TODGA has shown good selectivity between REEs and other elements in solution under almost all conditions, reaching the highest distribution ratios of REEs in the aliphatic diluents, while the distribution ratios of other non-REEs reach a mere value of 0.1. An exception was cyclohexanone, which has the ability to extract small amounts of ions itself. The highest separation factors between Dy and the light REEs (Nd and Pr) were observed with a 0.01 M solution of TODGA in Solvent 70. REEs, as group, were extracted with 0.1 M solutions of TODGA in all diluents except for cyclohexanone, which led to extraction of Al and B at amounts greater than 10%. Stripping with over 98% efficiency was achieved using MQ water in one step.
Improved quantitative real-time RT-PCR for expression profiling of individual cells (2002)

The real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (rtqPCR) has overcome the limitations of conventional, time-consuming quantitative PCR strategies and is maturing into a routine tool to quantify gene expression levels, following reverse transcription (RT) of mRNA into complementary DNA (cDNA). Expression profiling with single-cell resolution is highly desirable, in particular for complex tissues like the brain that contain a large variety of different cell types in close proximity. The patch-clamp technique allows selective harvesting of single-cell cytoplasm after recording of cellular activity. However, components of the cDNA reaction, in particular the reverse transcriptase itself, significantly inhibit subsequent rtqPCR amplification. Using undiluted single-cell cDNA reaction mix directly as template for rtqPCR, I observed that the amplification kinetics of rtqPCRs were dramatically altered in a non-systematic fashion. Here, I describe a simple and robust precipitation protocol suitable for purification of single-cell cDNA that completely removes inhibitory RT components without detectable loss of cDNA. This improved single-cell real-time RT-PCR protocol provides a powerful tool to quantify differential gene expression of individual cells and thus could complement global microarray-based expression profiling strategies.
PROLONGATION OF ALLOGRAFT AND XENOGRAFT SURVIVAL IN MICE BY ANTI-CD2 MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES (1992)

Anti-CD2 monoclonal antibodies (mAb) were used to influence graft survival in two transplantation models. Xenogeneic rat islets were transplanted intraportally into mice. Anti-CD2 mAb prolonged xenograft survival and was synergistic with UVB irradiation in prolonging survival. Anti-CD2 mAb was also more potent than an anti-CD4 mAb in this model. Allogeneic cardiac grafts were transplanted across an entire H-2 difference and anti-CD2 mAb prolonged allograft survival in a dose-dependent fashion. Kinetic experiments revealed that anti-CD2 mAb was most potent when administered at the time of allografting. A delay in administration of mAb markedly reduced its immunosuppressive effects. Furthermore, additional doses of mAb given after the initial doses provided no increased immunosuppression and anti-CD2 mAbs did not delay rejection of second-set allografts. These findings support the notion that anti-CD2 mAbs interfere with afferent immunity and that CD2 is most important during the initial steps of an immune response. Investigation of the effect of anti-CD2 mAb on cellular immune functions demonstrated, in agreement with previous results, that it caused antigenic down-modulation of CD2 with relative sparing of CD3, CD4, and CD8 cell surface expression. Concomitantly the MLR, CTL, and NK responses were suppressed.
Effect of Nucleotides on Diarrhea and Immune Responses in Healthy Term Infants in Taiwan (2003)

Healthy term infants from 8 to 28 weeks of life are less likely to experience diarrhea and have higher serum immunoglobulin A concentrations with NF compared with formula without added nucleotides.
Achieving Open Vocabulary Neural Machine Translation with Hybrid Word-Character Models (2016)

Nearly all previous work on neural machine translation (NMT) has used quite restricted vocabularies, perhaps with a subsequent method to patch in unknown words. This paper presents a novel wordcharacter solution to achieving open vocabulary NMT. We build hybrid systems that translate mostly at the word level and consult the character components for rare words. Our character-level recurrent neural networks compute source word representations and recover unknown target words when needed. The twofold advantage of such a hybrid approach is that it is much faster and easier to train than character-based ones; at the same time, it never produces unknown words as in the case of word-based models. On the WMT'15 English to Czech translation task, this hybrid approach offers an addition boost of +2.1-11.4 BLEU points over models that already handle unknown words. Our best system achieves a new state-of-the-art result with 20.7 BLEU score. We demonstrate that our character models can successfully learn to not only generate well-formed words for Czech, a highly-inflected language with a very complex vocabulary, but also build correct representations for English source words.