gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electron transfer reactions of catechols at ultrasmall carbon ring electrodes (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectron transfer reactions of catechols at ultrasmall carbon ring electrodesReginaldo A. Saraceno and Andrew G. EwingCite this: Anal. Chem. 1988, 60, 19, 2016–2020Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00170a006https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00170a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views148Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Selection of Small-Molecule Mediators of the RNA Regulation of PKR, the RNA-Dependent Protein Kinase (2002)

The RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR) is a component of the interferon antiviral response and a member of the class of RNA-binding proteins with a double-stranded RNA binding motif. PKR is activated when it binds to double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) or viral replicative intermediates that comprise dsRNA and this activation results in the inhibition of protein synthesis. Some viruses circumvent this activity through the synthesis of highly structured decoy RNAs that bind PKR and block activation. Small-molecule mediators of the binding of PKR to these RNA inhibitors would be useful tools to further define the importance of specific PKR-RNA complexes in vivo and may possess antiviral activity. Here we investigate the ability of a library of structurally diverse peptide-acridine conjugates (PACs) to target a complex formed between the dsRNA binding domain (dsRBD) of PKR and a viral RNA inhibitor. We used a novel screening method based on the cleavage of RNA ligands with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid.Fe modified protein. The selection revealed a PAC (9-anilinoacridine-4-Hyp-Nap-Nap, where Hyp is trans-4-hydroxyproline and Nap is 1-napthylalanine), able to inhibit the binding of the PKR dsRBD to RNA with an IC(50) value of 10 +/- 5 microM. Furthermore, the structural requirements for inhibition by the selected PAC were substantiated in an independent PKR activation assay. We found that the potency of inhibition by an intercalating ligand can be increased by the introduction of a substituent that does not increase the overall charge of the molecule. This result is important for the design of inhibitors of PKR-RNA binding that function inside living cells.
ChemInform Abstract: Semisynthetic DNA—Protein Conjugates for Biosensing and Nanofabrication (2010)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Increased Synchronization of Neuromagnetic Responses during Conscious Perception (1999)

In binocular rivalry, the observer views two incongruent images, one through each eye, but is conscious of only one image at a time. The image that is perceptually dominant alternates every few seconds. We used this phenomenon to investigate neural correlates of conscious perception. We presented a red vertical grating to one eye and a blue horizontal grating to the other eye, with each grating continuously flickering at a distinct frequency (the frequency tag for that stimulus). Steady-state magnetic fields were recorded with a 148 sensor whole-head magnetometer while the subjects reported which grating was perceived. The power of the steady-state magnetic field at the frequency associated with a grating typically increased at multiple sensors when the grating was perceived. Changes in power related to perceptual dominance, presumably reflecting local neural synchronization, reached statistical significance at several sensors, including some positioned over occipital, temporal, and frontal cortices. To identify changes in synchronization between distinct brain areas that were related to perceptual dominance, we analyzed coherence between pairs of widely separated sensors. The results showed that when the stimulus was perceived there was a marked increase in both interhemispheric and intrahemispheric coherence at the stimulus frequency. This study demonstrates a direct correlation between the conscious perception of a visual stimulus and the synchronous activity of large populations of neocortical neurons as reflected by stimulus-evoked steady-state neuromagnetic fields.
Reference-guided assembly of four diverse Arabidopsis thaliana genomes (2011)

We present whole-genome assemblies of four divergent Arabidopsis thaliana strains that complement the 125-Mb reference genome sequence released a decade ago. Using a newly developed reference-guided approach, we assembled large contigs from 9 to 42 Gb of Illumina short-read data from the Landsberg erecta (Ler-1), C24, Bur-0, and Kro-0 strains, which have been sequenced as part of the 1,001 Genomes Project for this species. Using alignments against the reference sequence, we first reduced the complexity of the de novo assembly and later integrated reads without similarity to the reference sequence. As an example, half of the noncentromeric C24 genome was covered by scaffolds that are longer than 260 kb, with a maximum of 2.2 Mb. Moreover, over 96% of the reference genome was covered by the reference-guided assembly, compared with only 87% with a complete de novo assembly. Comparisons with 2 Mb of dideoxy sequence reveal that the per-base error rate of the reference-guided assemblies was below 1 in 10,000. Our assemblies provide a detailed, genomewide picture of large-scale differences between A. thaliana individuals, most of which are difficult to access with alignment-consensus methods only. We demonstrate their practical relevance in studying the expression differences of polymorphic genes and show how the analysis of sRNA sequencing data can lead to erroneous conclusions if aligned against the reference genome alone. Genome assemblies, raw reads, and further information are accessible through http://1001genomes.org/projects/assemblies.html.
Discovery of induced point mutations in maize genes by TILLING (2004)

Our findings indicate that TILLING is a broadly applicable and efficient reverse-genetic strategy. We are establishing a public TILLING service for maize modeled on the existing Arabidopsis TILLING Project.
Layer-Based Media Integration for Mobile Mixed-Reality Applications (2009)

Rapidly evolving and widely-used smart phones provide many novel applications and services, making it possible to gather information from any location. Recent advances in technology have introduced many useful functions to assist users of outdoor mobile devices by sensing nearby conditions, such as the user's current location and even the user's slightest motions. Among these growing capabilities and their potential applications, the development of new mobile mixed-reality applications will need to consider various integration forms to be beneficial in both mobile device applications and services. In this paper, a layer-based media integration model for mobile mixed-reality applications is proposed to help developers gather diverse resources in a unified form, i.e., media, sensing, and even internal processing controls. In particular, to make it possible to identify and look for relevant information about real-world geospatial objects of interests in a very intuitive and direct manner by simply pointing towards an object, an object-identification layer is introduced. For each identified object, various types of services can be naturally integrated with the layer-based model; to take a snapshot or to jump to a related Web page, or to collaborate with the popular touch control. The authors address an integration model that will significantly simplify mixed-reality application development work to establish a relationship between a geospatial object, its graphic image on a project screen, and user interaction. The improved simplicity, advantages, and new capabilities of the proposed model are also validated with two implemented applications, ldquoautomatic tagging camerardquo and ldquotouch-based mixed-reality Web searchrdquo based on the layer model.
Synergistic Tumor Suppression by Coexpression of FUS1 and p53 Is Associated with Down-regulation of Murine Double Minute-2 and Activation of the Apoptotic Protease-Activating Factor 1–Dependent Apoptotic Pathway in Human Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells (2007)

FUS1 is a novel tumor suppressor gene identified in human chromosome 3p21.3 region. Loss of expression and deficiency of posttranslational modification of FUS1 protein have been found in a majority of human lung cancers. Restoration of wild-type FUS1 in 3p21.3-deficient human lung cancer cells exhibited a potent tumor suppression function in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we evaluated the combined effects of FUS1 and tumor suppressor p53 on antitumor activity and explored the molecular mechanisms of their mutual actions in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. We found that coexpression of FUS1 and p53 by N-[1-(2,3-dioleoyloxyl)propyl]-NNN-trimethylammoniummethyl sulfate:cholesterol nanoparticle-mediated gene transfer significantly and synergistically inhibited NSCLC cell growth and induced apoptosis in vitro. We also found that a systemic treatment with a combination of FUS1 and p53 nanoparticles synergistically suppressed the development and growth of tumors in a human H322 lung cancer orthotopic mouse model. Furthermore, we showed that the observed synergistic tumor suppression by FUS1 and p53 concurred with the FUS1-mediated down-regulation of murine double minute-2 (MDM2) expression, the accumulation and stabilization of p53 protein, as well as the activation of the apoptotic protease-activating factor 1 (Apaf-1)-dependent apoptotic pathway in human NSCLC cells. Our results therefore provide new insights into the molecular mechanism of FUS1-mediated tumor suppression activity and imply that a molecular therapy combining two or more functionally synergistic tumor suppressors may constitute a novel and effective strategy for cancer treatment.
Antigen-dependent clonal expansion of a trace population of antigen-specific CD4+ T cells in vivo is dependent on CD28 costimulation and inhibited by CTLA-4 (1995)

The importance of CD28 costimulation to a primary T cell response in vivo was assessed in an adoptive transfer system where a small population of peptide-specific CD4+ TCR transgenic T cells can be physically tracked. Ag-dependent clonal expansion of the transgenic T cells in draining lymph nodes was blocked by cyclosporin A and required a CD28 signal that was completely inhibited by CTLA-4-Ig or a combination of anti-B7-1 and anti-B7-2 mAbs, but not by either Ab alone. In vivo treatment with the combination of anti-B7-1 and anti-B7-2 mAbs also blocked conversion of the Ag-specific T cells to the activated phenotype. In contrast, anti-CTLA-4 Fab greatly enhanced the in vivo clonal expansion of the Ag-specific T cells. These results suggest that Ag-driven proliferation and phenotype conversion of naive CD4+ T cells is dependent on CD28-derived signals and is inhibited by CTLA-4.
Phase-resolved optical frequency domain imaging (2005)

Phase-resolved Doppler optical coherence tomography has been used to image blood flow dynamics in various tissues using both time-domain and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography techniques. In this manuscript, we present phase-resolved Doppler imaging with a high-speed optical frequency domain imaging system. We demonstrate that by correcting for spurious timing-induced phase errors, excellent flow sensitivity can be achieved, limited only by the imaging signal-to-noise ratio. Conventional and Doppler images showing flow in an Intralipid phantom and in human skin are presented. Additionally, we demonstrate the ability of phase-resolved OFDI to measure high flow rates without the deleterious effects of fringe washout.
Conservation Laws and Preferred Frames in Relativistic Gravity. II. Experimental Evidence to Rule Out Preferred-Frame Theories of Gravity (1972)

Some metric theories of gravity single out the mean rest-frame of the Universe as a &amp; &amp; preferred frame." They include theories devised by Page and Tupper, Yilmaz, Papapetrou, Ni, Coleman, and Rosen, as well as a vector-metric theory studied in Paper I of this series. These theories would satisfy the "three classical tests" of general relativity, if the solar system were at rest in the "preferred frame." But instead it probably moves with a speed of 200 km -1 We use the new version of the Parametrized Post-Newtonian (PPN) formalism discussed in Paper I, to show that such motion may produce (1) an anomalous 12-hour sidereal tide of the solid Earth; (2) an anomalous yearly variation in the Earth's rotation rate; (3) an anomalous perihelion shift of the planets. We use gravimeter data, length-of-day data, and perihelion-shift data to put upper limits on the sizes of such anomalous effects. These limits rule out all the &amp;&amp; preferred-frame" theories whose authors are listed above, and put an upper limit on the strength of a cosmological vector gravitational field. Other possible experimental tests of "prefen-ed-frame" theories are discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND SPECTRAL‐LUMINESCENT PROPERTIES OF HETARYLETHYLENE DERIVATIVES OF 2,5‐DIPHENYLOXAZOLE AND 2,5‐DIPHENYL‐1,3,4‐OXADIAZOLE (1982)

Abstract Aus dem w‐Brombenzyl‐phenyl‐oxazol (Ia) und dem Brombenzyl‐phenyloxadiazol (Ib) werden durch Olefinierung die Ethylen‐Derivate (V) hergestellt.
An energy and bandwidth efficient ray tracing architecture (2013)

We propose two hardware mechanisms to decrease energy consumption on massively parallel graphics processors for ray tracing while keeping performance high. First, we use a streaming data model and configure part of the L2 cache into a ray stream memory to enable efficient data processing through ray reordering. This increases the L1 hit rate and reduces off-chip memory accesses substantially. Second, we employ reconfigurable special-purpose pipelines than are constructed dynamically under program control. These pipelines use shared execution units (XUs) that can be configured to support the common compute kernels that are the foundation of the ray tracing algorithm, such as acceleration structure traversal and triangle intersection. This reduces the overhead incurred by memory and register accesses. These two synergistic features yield a ray tracing architecture that significantly reduces both power consumption and off-chip memory traffic when compared to a more traditional cache only approach.
Fast Thermal Breaking and Formation of a B–N Bond in 2‐(Aminomethyl)benzeneboronates1) (1981)

Abstract The Title compounds 1 to 6 (Table 1) are shown by 1 H, 11 B, and 15 N NMR shifts to fom an intramolecular B ‐ N bond which, according to 1 N and 13 C NMR, is frequently broken (δ G = 40 to 54 kJ/mol, Table 2) and re‐formed.
Mutations in 16S rRNA inEscherichia coliat methyl-modified sites: G966, C967, and G1207 (1991)

Mutations were constructed at three sites in 16S rRNA in E. coli by oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis, and cloned into the rrnB operon on either pKK3535 or pNO2680. The mutated bases, G966, C967, and G1207, are located in the 3' major domain of 16S rRNA and are sites post-transcriptionally modified by methylation. We constructed a deletion mutation at C967 (delta 967) and three substitution mutations at each of the following sites: G966, C967, and G1207. By maxicell analysis, we found that all of the mutations were processed normally and incorporated into 30S subunits and 70S ribosomes. We found that delta 967 was a dominant lethal mutation while the substitution mutations at G966 and C967 had no effects on cell growth rate. The mutants C1207 and U1207 were shown to have dominant lethal phenotypes while A1207 had no effect on cell growth rate. These results help to establish the importance of methyl-modified regions to ribosome function.
Structure-Function Analysis of the UDP-N-acetyl-d-galactosamine:PolypeptideN-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase (1999)

Mucin-type O-glycosylation is initiated by a family of UDP-GalNAc:polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases (ppGaNTases). Based on sequence relationships with divergent proteins, the ppGaNTases can be subdivided into three putative domains: each putative domain contains a characteristic sequence motif. The 112-amino acid glycosyltransferase 1 (GT1) motif represents the first half of the catalytic unit and contains a short aspartate-any residue-histidine (DXH) or aspartate-any residue-aspartate (DXD)-like sequence. Secondary structure predictions and structural threading suggest that the GT1 motif forms a 5-stranded parallel beta-sheet flanked by 4 alpha-helices, which resembles the first domain of the lactose repressor. Four invariant carboxylates and a histidine residue are predicted to lie at the C-terminal end of three beta-strands and line the active site cleft. Site-directed mutagenesis of murine ppGaNTase-T1 reveals that conservative mutations at these 5 positions result in products with no detectable enzyme activity (D156Q, D209N, and H211D) or <1% activity (E127Q and E213Q). The second half of the catalytic unit contains a DXXXXXWGGENXE motif (positions 310-322) which is also found in beta1,4-galactosyltransferases (termed the Gal/GalNAc-T motif). Mutants of carboxylates within this motif express either no detectable activity, 1% or 2% activity (E319Q, E322Q, and D310N, respectively). Mutagenesis of highly conserved (but not invariant) carboxylates produces only modest alterations in enzyme activity. Mutations in the C-terminal 128-amino acid ricin-like lectin motif do not alter the enzyme's catalytic properties.
Spectral-domain magnetomotive OCT imaging of magnetic nanoparticle biodistribution (2008)

Magnetomotive optical coherence tomography (MMOCT) is a method for imaging the distribution of magnetic nanoparticles in tissue by applying an external dynamic magnetic field gradient during B-mode scanning. We present a new method for spectral-domain MMOCT imaging which affords increased sensitivity and frame rates compared to previous work, with a demonstrated sensitivity to <100 ppm iron oxide nanoparticles and imaging time of 5 s. Agarose phantoms embedded with iron oxide nanoparticles (~20 nm) also provide negative T<sub>2</sub> contrast in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with sensitivity <10 ppm, which is promising for multi-modality applications where MRI and MMOCT provide whole-body and microscopic imaging, respectively. To demonstrate the biomedical potential of this technique, rats are injected with the same nanoparticles as those used in MRI, and uptake into the spleen is detected and imaged post mortem by MMOCT. This illustrates a potentially powerful multi-modal platform for molecular imaging using targeted magnetic nanoparticles.
Ultra‐rapid freezing by spraying/plunging: pre‐cooling in the cold gaseous layer (1991)

A thermophysical model is established to analyse the influence of pre-cooling of a biological specimen in the cold gas layer associated with spray-freezing techniques. The basic principles governing the process of pre-cooling are provided. It is concluded that pre-cooling is one of the major limiting steps in attaining an overall ultra-rapid cooling rate. Pre-cooling has a substantial influence on the nature of the final frozen specimens. In order completely to avoid crystallization before entry into the liquid cryogen and maximize the overall cooling rate of the specimen, precautions should be taken to control the height of the gaseous layer and the size of the specimen. The probability of the specimen being frozen in the cold gaseous layer is reduced by increasing the entry speed. The effectiveness, however, becomes less marked at speeds greater than 10 m s. In order to minimize the risk of misinterpreting the measured cooling rate, it is necessary to specify the pre-cooling conditions. The pre-cooling effect is much more evident in liquid helium than in cryogens such as propane, ethane, Freon 12, 13 and 22.
The Invasive Phenotype of Shigella flexneri Directs a Distinct Gene Expression Pattern in the Human Intestinal Epithelial Cell Line Caco-2 (2003)

Invasion of the human colonic epithelium by Shigella flexneri causes inflammation that disrupts the intestinal barrier. Invaded intestinal epithelial cells are the major source of mediators recruiting the inflammatory infiltrate. To better characterize the global response of intestinal epithelial cells to Shigella invasion, Caco-2 cells were infected by an invasive isolate of S. flexneri 5a, and their transcriptome was analyzed by Affymetrix (Santa Clara, CA) microarrays (12,000 genes) and compared with these elicited by a non-invasive Shigella mutant and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha. The invasive and non-invasive strains enhanced transcription of a common pattern of 240 genes, among which genes encoding isoforms of cytochrome P-450 were induced. These genes were not induced by TNF-alpha. Conversely, both the invasive strain and TNF-alpha induced a common set of 18 genes, mainly encoding proinflammatory molecules. They also induced specific sets of genes. The transcriptome induced by the invasive strain was characterized by the induction of early genes (i.e. expressed within the first 45 min of invasion) and late genes (i.e. after 60 min of invasion) whose pattern was strongly biased toward stimulation of granulopoiesis, chemoattraction, activation, and adherence of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. When compared with a non-invasive Shigella and TNF-alpha, invasive Shigella induced a narrow transcriptome that seems to program infected epithelial cells to recruit a mucosal polymorphonuclear leukocyte to infiltrate. Dramatic increase in IL-8 gene transcription points to this chemokine as the major molecule orchestrating mucosal inflammation in shigellosis.
International trends in dispute resolution a US perspective (2000)

Extract:My conference talk (and this article) will focus on some broad themes â trends and expectations based on my vantage point both as President of SPIDR and as director of an ADR program for the State court system of Florida . If you are from the land âdown underâ, my perspective could be thought of as âup overâ â in some ways a birdâs eye view of the field of ADR, but in particular, mediation.
Systemic treatment with CAR-engineered T cells against PSCA delays subcutaneous tumor growth and prolongs survival of mice (2014)

Our data confirms that PSCA-CAR T cells may be developed for treatment of prostate cancer.