gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Criteria for the Diagnosis of Acute Leukemia of Megakaryocyte Lineage (M7) (1985)

For the diagnosis of M7, the bone marrow aspirate shows a leukemic cell infiltrate that comprises 30% or more of all cells. These cells are identified as being of megakaryocyte lineage by the platelet peroxidase reaction on electron microscopy or by tests with monoclonal or polyclonal platelet-specific antibodies. Myelofibrosis or increased bone marrow reticulin are a prominent aspect in most patients with M7. In patients with increased reticulin, the bone marrow sample may be difficult to obtain and the counts done on the marrow films may be misleading. In these patients, the diagnosis of M7 should be based on excellent bone marrow biopsy sections that show an excess of blasts and, at times, increased numbers of maturing megakaryocytes; and on the presence of unequivocal megakaryoblasts in the peripheral blood or bone marrow (or both) as shown by immunologic techniques.
Associating Automatic Natural Language Processing to Serious Games and Virtual Worlds (2011)

We present our current research activities associating automatic natural language processing to serious games and virtual worlds. Several interesting scenarios have been developed: language learning, natural language generation, multilingual information, emotion detection, real-time translations, and non-intrusive access to linguistic information such as definitions or synonyms. Part of our work has contributed to the specification of the Multi Lingual Information Framework [ISO FDIS 24616], (MLIF,2011). Standardization will grant stability, interoperability and sustainability of an important part of our research activities, in particular, in the framework of representing and managing multilingual textual information.
Gefitinib in Combination With Gemcitabine and Cisplatin in Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Phase III Trial—INTACT 1 (2004)

Gefitinib in combination with gemcitabine and cisplatin in chemotherapy-naive patients with advanced NSCLC did not have improved efficacy over gemcitabine and cisplatin alone. The reasons for this remain obscure and require further preclinical testing.
The alpha 1C-adrenergic receptor: characterization of signal transduction pathways and mammalian tissue heterogeneity. (1991)

We recently reported the cloning of a novel alpha 1-adrenergic receptor (AR), the alpha 1CAR. By transient and stable expression of the alpha 1CAR and the previously cloned alpha 1BAR in COS-7 and HeLa cells, respectively, we have now compared their ability to interact with major signal-transduction pathways (including polyphosphoinositide hydrolysis, intracellular calcium, and cAMP metabolism), as well as their mammalian tissue localization. Both alpha 1C- and alpha 1BARs primarily couple to phospholipase C via a pertussis toxin-insensitive GTP-binding protein, leading to the release of calcium from intracellular stores. Even though alpha 1C- and alpha 1BARs activate polyphosphoinositide hydrolysis by similar biochemical mechanisms, the alpha 1CAR couples to phospholipase C more efficiently than does the alpha 1BAR; activation of the alpha 1CAR results in a 2-3-fold greater increase in inositol phosphates, compared with the alpha 1BAR. Both alpha 1AR subtypes can also increase intracellular cAMP, by a mechanism that does not involve direct activation of adenylyl cyclase. In agreement with ligand binding data, the agonist methoxamine and the antagonist WB4101 are 10-fold more potent in activating or inhibiting, respectively, the ability of the alpha 1CAR to stimulate phospholipase C, compared with the alpha 1BAR. In addition, methoxamine is almost a full agonist at the alpha 1CAR, whereas it can only weakly activate the alpha 1BAR. Tissue localization, using Northern blot analysis of total and poly(A)+-selected RNA from rabbit tissues, revealed striking mammalian species heterogeneity. As previously described, the alpha 1BAR is present in several rat tissues, including heart, liver, brain, kidney, lung, and spleen, whereas the alpha 1CAR is not present in any rat tissue studied. The alpha 1BAR is also present in rabbit aorta, heart, spleen, and kidney (and absent in rabbit liver), whereas the alpha 1CAR is present in rabbit liver. Our results indicate that the cloning and expression of different alpha 1AR subtypes represents a valuable tool to elucidate functional correlates of alpha 1AR heterogeneity.
Soft Discretization to Enhance the Continuous Decision Tree Induction (2001)

Decision tree induction has been widely used to generate classifiers from training data through a process of recursively splitting the data space. In the case of training on continuous-valued data, the associated attributes must be discretized in advance or during the learning process. The commonly used method is to partition the attribute range into two or several intervals using a single or a set of cut points. One inherent disadvantage in these methods is that the use of sharp (crisp) cut points makes the induced decision trees sensitive to noise. To overcome this problem this paper presents an alternative method, called soft discretization, based on fuzzy set theory. As opposed to a classical decision tree, which gives only one class as the end result, the soft discretization based decision tree associates a set of possibilities to several or all classes for an unknown object. As a result, even if uncertainties existed in the object, the decision tree would not give a completely wrong result, but a set of possibility values. This approach has been successfully applied to an industrial problem to monitor a typical machining process. Experimental results showed that, by using soft discretization, better classification accuracy has been obtained in both training and testing than classical decision tree, which suggest that the robustness of decision trees could be improved by means of soft discretization.
Web mining: information and pattern discovery on the World Wide Web (2002)

Application of data mining techniques to the World Wide Web, referred to as Web mining, has been the focus of several recent research projects and papers. However, there is no established vocabulary, leading to confusion when comparing research efforts. The term Web mining has been used in two distinct ways. The first, called Web content mining in this paper, is the process of information discovery from sources across the World Wide Web. The second, called Web usage mining, is the process of mining for user browsing and access patterns. We define Web mining and present an overview of the various research issues, techniques, and development efforts. We briefly describe WEBMINER, a system for Web usage mining, and conclude the paper by listing research issues.
Synthesis, Photophysical Properties, Tumor Uptake, and Preliminary in Vivo Photosensitizing Efficacy of a Homologous Series of 3-(1‘-Alkyloxy)ethyl-3-devinylpurpurin-18-N-alkylimides with Variable Lipophilicity (2001)

Starting from methylpheophorbide-a, a homologous series of purpurinimides containing alkyl substituents at two different positions [as 3-(1(1)-O-alkyl) and 13(2)-N-alkyl] were synthesized. These compounds with variable lipophilicity (log P 5.32-16.44) exhibit long wavelength absorption near lambda(max)700 nm (epsilon: 45 000 in dichloromethane) with singlet oxygen ((1)O2) production in the range of 57-60%. The shifts in in vivo absorptions and tumor/skin uptake of these compounds were determined in C3H mice bearing RIF tumors by in vivo reflectance spectroscopy. The results obtained from a set of photosensitizers with similar lipophilicity (log P 10.68-10.88) indicate that besides the overall lipophilicity, the presence and position of the alkyl groups (O-alkyl vs N-alkyl) in a molecule play an important role in tumor uptake, tumor selectivity, and in vivo PDT efficacy. At present, all purpurinimide analogues are being evaluated at various doses, and experiments are underway to establish a quantitative structure-activity relationship on a limited set of compounds. The 1D and 2D NMR and mass spectrometry analyses confirmed the structures of the desired purpurinimides and the byproducts formed during various reaction conditions. The mechanisms of the formation of the unexpected 12-formyl- and 12-(hydroxymethyl)purpurinimides under certain reaction conditions are also discussed.
Herpes Simplex Virus Epidemiology and Ocular Importance (2001)

Herpes simplex is a significant health concern at present with genital infections increasing in epidemic proportions. This is also reflected in a rise in the incidence of neonatal herpes. Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection is being acquired for the first time in an older age group. A significant and increasing proportion of genital herpes is caused by HSV-1. Serologic studies are no longer as useful in distinguishing orofacial herpes from genital herpes. More acute retinal necrosis syndrome cases are associated with HSV-2. Speculation about the future of ocular herpes is made based on this changing epidemiology.
THE MARKET SYSTEM AND AN ENTREPRENEURIAL DRIVEN ECONOMY (1991)

(1991). THE MARKET SYSTEM AND AN ENTREPRENEURIAL DRIVEN ECONOMY. Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship: Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 2-2.
Glycosylation of CHO-Derived Recombinant tPA Produced under Elevated pCO2 (1997)

Carbon dioxide is a metabolic byproduct of mammalian cell metabolism that can accumulate in poorly ventilated cultures. A buildup of CO2 at constant pH will be accompanied by an increase in medium osmolality. We have examined the glycosylation of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) produced under serum-free conditions by recombinant Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells (MT2-1-8 cell line) in response to elevated pCO2 at constant or elevated osmolality. The proportion of sialic acids comprising N-glycolylneuraminic acid decreased from 2.3-4.0% under 36 mmHg pCO2 to 1.5-2.2% under 250 mmHg pCO2. No changes were observed in the total sialic acid content, the content of other monosaccharides, the relative amounts of type I and type II tPAs, the distribution of surface charges, or the proportion of high-mannose oligosaccharides-even though these conditions have previously been shown to inhibit the specific growth rate of MT2-1-8 cells by 30-40% and the specific tPA production rate by as much as 40%. These results suggest robust glycosylation of tPA by CHO cells.
SIGMAR1 Regulates Membrane Electrical Activity in Response to Extracellular Matrix Stimulation to Drive Cancer Cell Invasiveness (2015)

The sigma 1 receptor (Sig1R) is a stress-activated chaperone that regulates ion channels and is associated with pathologic conditions, such as stroke, neurodegenerative diseases, and addiction. Aberrant expression levels of ion channels and Sig1R have been detected in tumors and cancer cells, such as myeloid leukemia and colorectal cancer, but the link between ion channel regulation and Sig1R overexpression during malignancy has not been established. In this study, we found that Sig1R dynamically controls the membrane expression of the human voltage-dependent K(+) channel human ether-à-go-go-related gene (hERG) in myeloid leukemia and colorectal cancer cell lines. Sig1R promoted the formation of hERG/β1-integrin signaling complexes upon extracellular matrix stimulation, triggering the activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway. Consequently, the presence of Sig1R in cancer cells increased motility and VEGF secretion. In vivo, Sig1R expression enhanced the aggressiveness of tumor cells by potentiating invasion and angiogenesis, leading to poor survival. Collectively, our findings highlight a novel function for Sig1R in mediating cross-talk between cancer cells and their microenvironment, thus driving oncogenesis by shaping cellular electrical activity in response to extracellular signals. Given the involvement of ion channels in promoting several hallmarks of cancer, our study also offers a potential strategy to therapeutically target ion channel function through Sig1R inhibition.
Direct biosynthesis of adipic acid from a synthetic pathway in recombinant Escherichia coli (2014)

The C6 dicarboxylic acid, adipic acid, is an important platform chemical in industry. Biobased production of adipic acid is a promising alternative to the current petrochemical route. Here, we report biosynthesis of adipic acid using an artificial pathway inspired by the reversal of beta-oxidation of dicarboxylic acids. The biosynthetic pathway comprises condensation of acetyl-CoA and succinyl-CoA to form the C6 backbone and subsequent reduction, dehydration, hydrogenation, and release of adipic acid from its thioester. The pathway was first tested in vitro with reconstituted pathway enzymes and then functionally introduced into Escherichia coli for the biosynthesis and excretion of adipic acid into the culture medium. The production titer was increased by approximately 20-fold through the combination of recruiting enzymes that were more suitable to catalyze the synthetic reactions and increasing availability of the condensation substrates. This work demonstrates direct biosynthesis of adipic acid via non-natural synthetic pathway, which may enable its renewable production.
Initial route of antigen administration alters the T-cell cytokine profile produced in response to the mouse pneumonitis biovar of Chlamydia trachomatis following genital infection (1996)

A Th1-type response develops following vaginal infection with the mouse pneumonitis biovar of Chlamydia trachomatis (MoPn). Since the type of response, i.e., Th1 versus Th2, can be influenced by factors present during T-cell activation, we examined the effects of different routes of MoPn administration on the cytokine profile and resistance against infection following a MoPn vaginal challenge. A dominant Th1-type cytokine profile developed in mice given live MoPn via the intranasal, oral, and vaginal routes with ratios of gamma interferon-secreting cells to interleukin 4-secreting cells greater than 10. In contrast, mice injected subcutaneously produced a Th2-type profile with a gamma interferon/interleukin 4 ratio of only 0.7. These mice also had significantly higher anti-MoPn immunoglobulin G1 serum titers, confirming a Th2-type cytokine profile. Exposure of mice to live MoPn, by any route prior to vaginal challenge, resulted in a shortened course of infection. However, the subcutaneous group resolved the vaginal infection more slowly, with 60% (6 of 10 mice) of the mice still isolation positive 12 days after challenge compared with only 20% of mice given live MoPn by other routes. Administration of UV-inactivated MoPn did not provide protection against a vaginal challenge. The decreased ability to clear infection was not associated with a shift in the cytokine profile, since intranasal and oral administration of UV-inactivated MoPn resulted in a predominant Th1-type response. Taken together, these data indicate that the initial route of MoPn administration can direct the type of response produced after a local MoPn infection and thus influence the ability of the immune response to protect against subsequent infection.
Intraarticular corticosteroid injection: pain relief in osteoarthritis of the hip? (2004)

This study suggests that intraarticular corticosteroids might improve pain and range of motion of the affected joint in patients with hip OA.
Suvorexant for Primary Insomnia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trials (2015)

Our analysis of published trial results suggests that suvorexant is effective in treating primary insomnia and is well-tolerated.
Acceleration feedback for control of a flexible manipulator arm (1988)

Abstract Many studies to date have dealt with control and modeling strategies for endpoint positioning of flexible manipulator arm systems, and some actual experiments have been documented in verification of developed methods. This article describes laboratory results for a single‐link flexible manipulator arm in which three separate control strategies are compared and contrasted. Namely, the control schemes compared are: compensation using classical root locus techniques with endpoint position feedback, a full state feedback, observer‐based design, and compensation using endpoint acceleration feedback. The last technique, designs using accelerometer feedback, has received very little attention to date, and results here indicate great promise for use in flexible manipulator control.
Total Chemical Synthesis of a Unique Transcription Factor-Related Protein: cMyc-Max (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTotal Chemical Synthesis of a Unique Transcription Factor-Related Protein: cMyc-MaxLynne E. Canne, Adrian R. Ferre- D'Amare, Stephen K. Burley, and Stephen B. H. KentCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 11, 2998–3007Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00116a005https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00116a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views997Altmetric-Citations184LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A robust, low power, high speed voltage level shifter with built-in short circuit current reduction (2011)

A novel topology for a high speed voltage level shifter (VLS) is presented. It features a built-in short circuit current reduction which increases the speed and reduces the power consumption. Unlike the conventional VLSs, the proposed VLS does not need complex digital timing signals. The simplicity of its operation results into robustness of operation, high speed and low power. The VLS was designed in CMOS 0.18um process. Simulation results, at the layout extraction level, are presented to validate the design concept. The speed and energy consumption of the VLS are compared with the state of the art VLSs. The proposed VLS proves to be better in both the speed and power aspects than the state of the art VLSs.
Catheter and Material Selection for Transarterial Embolization: Technical Considerations (1979)

In this first part of the report, the authors discuss the selection of catheterization techniques and delivery systems. These include various introducer sheaths, tapered and non-tapered conventional catheters, and double-lumen, single-lumen, flow-guided single-lumen, and detachable balloon catheters. The selection is discussed with regard to the specifics of the lesion, such as location of the lesion and number and size of feeding arteries. The authors' experience with experimental embolizations in dogs and the clinical material in 34 patients in whom 61 embolization procedures were performed are presented.
A unified architecture for natural language processing (2008)

We describe a single convolutional neural network architecture that, given a sentence, outputs a host of language processing predictions: part-of-speech tags, chunks, named entity tags, semantic roles, semantically similar words and the likelihood that the sentence makes sense (grammatically and semantically) using a language model. The entire network is trained jointly on all these tasks using weight-sharing, an instance of multitask learning. All the tasks use labeled data except the language model which is learnt from unlabeled text and represents a novel form of semi-supervised learning for the shared tasks. We show how both multitask learning and semi-supervised learning improve the generalization of the shared tasks, resulting in state-of-the-art-performance.
Mutations Leading to X-linked Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia Affect Three Major Functional Domains in the Tumor Necrosis Factor Family Member Ectodysplasin-A (2001)

Mutations in the epithelial morphogen ectodysplasin-A (EDA), a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family, are responsible for the human disorder X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (XLHED) characterized by impaired development of hair, eccrine sweat glands, and teeth. EDA-A1 and EDA-A2 are two splice variants of EDA, which bind distinct EDA-A1 and X-linked EDA-A2 receptors. We identified a series of novel EDA mutations in families with XLHED, allowing the identification of the following three functionally important regions in EDA: a C-terminal TNF homology domain, a collagen domain, and a furin protease recognition sequence. Mutations in the TNF homology domain impair binding of both splice variants to their receptors. Mutations in the collagen domain can inhibit multimerization of the TNF homology region, whereas those in the consensus furin recognition sequence prevent proteolytic cleavage of EDA. Finally, a mutation affecting an intron splice donor site is predicted to eliminate specifically the EDA-A1 but not the EDA-A2 splice variant. Thus a proteolytically processed, oligomeric form of EDA-A1 is required in vivo for proper morphogenesis.
Multicast group membership management in high speed wide area networks (2002)

An application for multicast service for high-speed WANs (wide area networks) which is capable of exploiting multicast hardware is described. Modularity and low cost area achieved by assigning to distinct components the separate problems of (1) naming groups, (2) finding group members in a network, (3) configuring multicast hardware, and (4) delivering multicast messages in sequence. The overall organization of the service is given, along with the methods used to solve the first two subproblems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Atomistic simulation study of Zr segregation at the Ni3Al grain boundary (2001)

The embedded atom method(EAM) is applied to calculate concentration distributions of Zr, Ni and Al at a Ni3Al-3 at. pct Zr grain boundary, and the Zr-induced distortion energies at the grain boundary, the bulk and the free surface. The calculated concentration distributions show that Zr segregation is present with Al-depletion and Ni-enrichment at the grain boundary. The reason might be that at the same zone, the Zr-induced distortion energy in the site of Al is always negative and lower than that of Ni, and that the Zr-induced distortion energy in the Al site at the grain boundary is the lowest among those at all zones.
Relationship between Oral Anaerobic Bacteria and Otitis Media with Effusion (2012)

Bacteria involved in this process most likely originate from the oropharynx since they show a close genetic relatedness with their oropharyngeal counterparts.