gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interpretation of sets of pyrolysis mass spectra by discriminant analysis and graphical rotation (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInterpretation of sets of pyrolysis mass spectra by discriminant analysis and graphical rotationWillem. Windig, Johan. Haverkamp, and Piet G. KistemakerCite this: Anal. Chem. 1983, 55, 1, 81–88Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00252a023https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00252a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views206Altmetric-Citations146LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Optimization and Characterization of a pH-Independent Extended-Release Hydrophuic Matrix Tablet (1997)

A simple systematic optimization approach was applied to tailor the drug release profile from a hydrophilic matrix extended-release tablet. When the ratio of anionic and nonionic polymers was optimized, pH-independent in vitro release of the model drug verapamil hydrochloride was obtained. The mechanisms of drug release at the pH extremes were evaluated by graphical analysis of the dissolution data and direct examination of the tablets during dissolution. Graphical evaluation did not completely clarify the release control mechanisms involved. Direct examination of tablets during dissolution, with estimation of amounts of drug and excipients dissolved at different times, gave further insight into relative contribution of mechanisms at different pH values. The change from predominantly diffusional to predominantly erosional mechanisms as pH is increased provides for the pH-independent release observed. This understanding should help model the application of this approach to other drugs.
Morpho-Functional Machine: Robotics Approach of Amoeba Model based on Vibrating Potential Method (1998)

Soft-mechatronics is a new research area for a developmental robotics approach. This paper reports on the methodology and results of our approach to soft-mechatronics via the imitating of mollusc-like characteristics in through both hardware and software fusion technology. The proposed approach for softmechatronics here is developing a Morpho-Functional Machine by imitating amoeba motion and structure. This paper describes the Vibrating Potential Method to control the Morpho-Functional Machine, that consists of a new field technique called the Vibrating Potential Field plus a new parameter tuning method inspired from thermodynamics. The field model creates self-organising, gathering behaviour, through physical interaction with potential fields. The computer simulation shows typical characteristics of swarm intelligence, such as, energy gathering, thermotaxis, and obstacle avoidance. Three types of robots are built with these three characteristics. This paper shows the possibility of various behaviours produced by Morpho-Functional Machine.
Enteral nutrition in hypermetabolic surgical patients (1989)

Enteral nutrition is usually administered with premixed formulas and in a volume determined by the estimated total caloric need of the patient. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the nutritional outcome when isocaloric amounts of three commercial products were given as enteral nutrition in hypermetabolic surgical ICU patients. To qualify for the study, the patients had to be hypermetabolic and must have received and retained the volume of enteral formula estimated to meet energy and nutritional requirements for at least eight consecutive days. Caloric needs were defined as 30 to 35 total cal/kg.day. All data were prospectively collected; all patients had moderate to high-level metabolic stress after surgical intervention. Thirty-five patients participated in the study: 18 received a formula that was 23% amino acids, 20% fat, and had a nonprotein calorie/nitrogen (NPC/N) ratio of 97:1; ten patients received a formula with NPC/N 125:1 that was 17.5% protein and 35% fat; and seven patients received a formula with an NPC/N of 149:1 that was 15.3% amino acids and 2.5% fat. All formulas were given via nasoduodenal tube by continuous pump technique. Patients who received the low NPC/N had significantly greater N retention (p less than .05), increased plasma transferrin levels (p less than .05), and a lower RQ (p less than .05). There was a strong correlation between NPC/N and N retention and the increase in plasma transferrin levels. Thus, dosing enteral nutrition by total estimated caloric need does not presume optimal nutritional outcome. Formula composition is an important determinant of nutritional effect; formulas that have a lower NPC/N with more N and reduced calories as glucose demonstrate better nutritional results.
[Establishment of an animal model of human hyperplastic scar in nude mice]. (2004)

Obvious and continuous scar hyperplasia could be found in this model, and the whole process beginning from wound healing to the formation of HS could be easily observed. The model was therefore suitable and ideal for the study of HS.
High-Efficiency Differential-Drive CMOS Rectifier for UHF RFIDs (2009)

A high-efficiency CMOS rectifier circuit for UHF RFIDs was developed. The rectifier has a cross-coupled bridge configuration and is driven by a differential RF input. A differential-drive active gate bias mechanism simultaneously enables both low ON-resistance and small reverse leakage of diode-connected MOS transistors, resulting in large power conversion efficiency (PCE), especially under small RF input power conditions. A test circuit of the proposed differential-drive rectifier was fabricated with 0.18 mu m CMOS technology, and the measured performance was compared with those of other types of rectifiers. Dependence of the PCE on the input RF signal frequency, output loading conditions and transistor sizing was also evaluated. At the single-stage configuration, 67.5% of PCE was achieved under conditions of 953 MHz, - 12.5 dBm RF input and 10 KOmega output load. This is twice as large as that of the state-of-the-art rectifier circuit. The peak PCE increases with a decrease in operation frequency and with an increase in output load resistance. In addition, experimental results show the existence of an optimum transistor size in accordance with the output loading conditions. The multi-stage configuration for larger output DC voltage is also presented.
Cell Adhesion to a Motif Shared by the Malaria Circumsporozoite Protein and Thrombospondin Is Mediated by Its Glycosaminoglycan-binding Region and Not by CSVTCG (1997)

The malaria circumsporozoite protein (CS), thrombospondin (TSP), and several other proteins including the terminal complement proteins and the neural adhesion molecules F-spondin and Unc-5, share a cell adhesive sequence. In CS this sequence is designated as region II-plus (EWSPCSVTCGNGIQVRIK) and in TSP it is found in the type I repeats. Previous studies aimed at fine mapping the amino acid residues required for cell adhesion have yielded discrepant results. Here we show in three different cell lines that the downstream basic residues are required for cell adhesion whereas the CSVTCG sequence is not. Using mutant Chinese hamster ovary cells selected for deficiencies in proteoglycan synthesis, we show that in wild type cells, heparan sulfate proteoglycans are the binding sites for this motif. This finding is supported by additional experiments with two other cell lines demonstrating that treatment with heparitinase but not chondroitinase abolishes cell adhesion to peptides representing this motif. Using Chinese hamster ovary cell mutants deficient in heparan sulfate proteoglycans but possessing chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans, we show that cell surface chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans can also mediate binding to this motif although higher concentrations of peptides are required for adhesion. Chondroitinase, but not heparitinase, treatment of these cells destroys cell surface-binding sites. Taken together, these results indicate that cell adhesion to this motif involves an interaction between the downstream positively-charged residues and the negatively charged glycosaminoglycan chains of heparan sulfate, or in some cases chondroitin sulfate, proteoglycans on the cell surface.
Fabrication of Porous Extracellular Matrix Scaffolds from Human Adipose Tissue (2009)

Adipose tissue is found over the whole body and easily obtained in large quantities with minimal risk by a common surgical operation, liposuction. Although liposuction was originally intended for the removal of undesired adipose tissue, it may provide an ideal material for tissue engineering scaffolds. Here we present novel, porous scaffolds prepared from human adipose tissues. The scaffolds were fabricated in a variety of macroscopic shapes such as round dishes, squares, hollow tubes, and beads. The microscopic inner porous structure was controlled by the freezing temperature, with a decrease in pore size as the freezing temperature decreased. The scaffold prepared from human adipose tissue contains extracellular matrix components including collagen. Preliminary in vitro studies showed that human adipose-derived stem cells attached to a human extracellular matrix scaffold and proliferated. This scaffold based on human adipose tissue holds great promise for many clinical applications in regenerative medicine, particularly in patients requiring soft-tissue regeneration.
Generation and Transformation of Partially Coherent Laser Beams (2004)

The recent progresses in the generation and transformation of partially coherent beams are reviewed. The analytical propagation formulae for the cross-spectral density of the partially coherent anisotropic Gaussian-Schell model (GSM) beams through ABCD optical systems are provided. These formulae provide a powerful tool for analyzing and calculating the transformation of partially coherent GSM beams, such as focusing, spectral shift, and fractional Fourier transform etc. A new kind of resonator with spatial-temporal phase modulation is proposed and analyzed. This kind of resonator can produce partially coherent flattop-alike beams under properly chosen parameters. The changes of the coherence of light in optical resonator are investigated. The generation of partially coherent laser beam directly from spatial-temporal phase modulated optical resonator is investigated experimentally. The results show that intra-cavity phase modulation is an effective way to generate partially coherent beams. The two-slit interference experiment confirms that the output beam is partially coherent.
Glucose promotes cell growth by suppressing branched-chain amino acid degradation (2018)

Glucose and branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) are essential nutrients and key determinants of cell growth and stress responses. High BCAA level inhibits glucose metabolism but reciprocal regulation of BCAA metabolism by glucose has not been demonstrated. Here we show that glucose suppresses BCAA catabolism in cardiomyocytes to promote hypertrophic response. High glucose inhibits CREB stimulated KLF15 transcription resulting in downregulation of enzymes in the BCAA catabolism pathway. Accumulation of BCAA through the glucose-KLF15-BCAA degradation axis is required for the activation of mTOR signaling during the hypertrophic growth of cardiomyocytes. Restoration of KLF15 prevents cardiac hypertrophy in response to pressure overload in wildtype mice but not in mutant mice deficient of BCAA degradation gene. Thus, regulation of KLF15 transcription by glucose is critical for the glucose-BCAA circuit which controls a cascade of obligatory metabolic responses previously unrecognized for cell growth.
Genome-wide computational identification and manual annotation of human long noncoding RNA genes (2010)

Experimental evidence suggests that half or more of the mammalian transcriptome consists of noncoding RNA. Noncoding RNAs are divided into short noncoding RNAs (including microRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). We defined complementary DNAs (cDNAs) lacking any positive-strand open reading frames (ORFs) longer than 30 amino acids, as well as cDNAs lacking any evidence of interspecies conservation of their longer-than-30-amino acid ORFs, as noncoding. We have identified 5446 lncRNA genes in the human genome from approximately 24,000 full-length cDNAs, using our new ORF-prediction pipeline. We combined them nonredundantly with lncRNAs from four published sources to derive 6736 lncRNA genes. In an effort to distinguish standalone and antisense lncRNA genes from database artifacts, we stratified our catalog of lncRNAs according to the distance between each lncRNA gene candidate and its nearest known protein-coding gene. We concurrently examined the protein-coding capacity of known genes overlapping with lncRNAs. Remarkably, 62% of known genes with "hypothetical protein" names actually lacked protein-coding capacity. This study has greatly expanded the known human lncRNA catalog, increased its accuracy through manual annotation of cDNA-to-genome alignments, and revealed that a large set of hypothetical-protein genes in GenBank lacks protein-coding capacity. In addition, we have developed, independently of existing NCBI tools, command-line programs with high-throughput ORF-finding and BLASTP-parsing functionality, suitable for future automated assessments of protein-coding capacity of novel transcripts.
47-km 125-Gbps transmission using a self-seeded transmitter with a modulation averaging reflector (2012)

We demonstrate an extended-cavity (1-km round trip) transmitter employing a reflective-semiconductor optical amplifier (RSOA) self-seeded by spectrally-sliced passive modulation-averaging reflector. We show that using modulation averaging reflectors in self-seeded transmitters improves link margin, allows a wider range of bias conditions for the RSOA by removing the modulation in the seeding light and consequently allows operation with higher extinction ratios. We furthermore demonstrate 47 km transmission at 1.25 Gbps with a 16-channel fully passive remote node. This type of transmitter is suitable for application in colorless WDM-PON systems.
A subset of naturally isolated Bacillus strains show extreme virulence to the free‐living nematodes Caenorhabditis elegans and Pristionchus pacificus (2010)

The main food source of free-living nematodes in the soil environment is bacteria, which can affect nematode development, fecundity and survival. In order to occupy a reliable source of bacterial food, some nematodes have formed specific relationships with an array of invertebrate hosts (where bacteria proliferate once the hosts dies), thus forming a tritrophic system of nematode, bacteria and insect or other invertebrates. We isolated 768 Bacillus strains from soil (from Germany and the UK), horse dung and dung beetles and fed them to the genetically tractable free-living nematodes Caenorhabditis elegans and Pristionchus pacificus to isolate nematocidal strains. While C. elegans is a bacteriovorous soil nematode, P. pacificus is an omnivorous worm that is often found in association with scarab beetles. We found 20 Bacillus strains (consisting of B. cereus, B. weihenstephanensis, B. mycoides and Bacillus sp.) that were pathogenic to C. elegans and P. pacificus causing 70% to 100% mortality over 5 days and significantly affect development and brood size. The most pathogenic strains are three B. cereus-like strains isolated from dung beetles, which exhibit extreme virulence to C. elegans in less than 24 h, but P. pacificus remains resistant. C. elegans Bre mutants were also highly susceptible to the B. cereus-like strains indicating that their toxins use a different virulence mechanism than B. thuringiensis Cry 5B toxin. Also, mutations in the daf-2/daf-16 insulin signaling pathway do not rescue survival. We profiled the toxin genes (bcet, nhe complex, hbl complex, pcpl, sph, cytK, piplc, hly2, hly3, entFM and entS) of these three B. cereus-like strains and showed presence of most toxin genes but absence of the hbl complex. Taken together, this study shows that the majority of naturally isolated Bacillus from soil, horse dung and Geotrupes beetles are benign to both C. elegans and P. pacificus. Among 20 pathogenic strains with distinct virulence patterns against the two nematodes, we selected three B. cereus-like strains to investigate resistance and susceptibility immune responses in nematodes.
Immunoscintigraphy in patients with colorectal, ovarian, and prostate cancer. Results with site‐specific immunoconjugates (1993)

Application of monoclonal antibody (MoAb) technology to cancer management is discussed by reviewing the development and clinical evaluation of two MoAb-based immunoscintigraphic agents (111In-satumomab pendetide [OncoScint CR/OV-In] and 111In-CYT-356; Cytogen Corporation, Princeton, NJ). Both agents were prepared using a site-specific MoAb modification method that preserves the immunoreactivity of the radiolabeled immunoconjugate. 111In-satumomab pendetide is an 111In-labeled conjugate of the murine MoAb B72.3, which is directed to TAG-72, an antigen expressed by the majority of adenocarcinomas. By providing information that complements the results of standard radiographic diagnostic modalities, this imaging agent can aid in the treatment of patients with colorectal or ovarian cancer. Immunoscintigraphy with 111In-satumomab pendetide has been shown to assist in medical-surgical management by detecting occult extrahepatic lesions, clarifying equivocal results of other diagnostic imaging tests, and evaluating the extent and resectability of known tumor lesions. 111In-CYT-356 is an 111In-labeled conjugate of the murine MoAb 7E11-C5.3, which is reactive with prostatic carcinoma, benign prostatic hypertrophy, and, to a lesser extent, normal prostatic tissue. Results of preliminary clinical investigations suggest that 111In-CYT-356 immunoscintigraphy can be useful for the presurgical staging of prostatic carcinoma and for the detection of occult distant disease in patients with negative or equivocal results on standard imaging tests. Results with these site-specifically radiolabeled immunconjugates demonstrate the clinical utility of MoAb-based imaging agents in the treatment of patients with solid tumors.
Immunobiology and Pathogenesis of Hepatocellular Injury in Hepatitis B Virus Transgenic Mice (1990)

The role of the immune response to hepatitis B virus (HBV)-encoded antigens in the pathogenesis of liver cell injury has not been defined because of the absence of appropriate experimental models. HBV envelope transgenic mice were used to show that HBV-encoded antigens are expressed at the hepatocyte surface in a form recognizable by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-restricted, CD8 + cytotoxic T lymphocytes specific for a dominant T cell epitope within the major envelope polypeptide and by envelope-specific antibodies. Both interactions led to the death of the hepatocyte in vivo, providing direct evidence that hepatocellular injury in human HBV infection may also be immunologically mediated.
Composition of extracellular matrix and distribution of cell adhesion molecules in renal cell tumors. (1994)

These results suggest that each type of renal cell tumor produces particular extracellular matrix components and expresses a characteristic repertoire of cell adhesion molecules, which could provide better understanding of the origin of these tumors. The expression of the alpha nu beta 3 integrin subunit was demonstrated in all types of renal cell tumors and was not found to be related to high grade tumors. Stromal vascular endothelial cells expressed activation molecules VCAM-1 and ELAM-1 in a significant number of cases in both benign and malignant tumors.
Complex interactions among MHC haplotypes in multiple sclerosis: susceptibility and resistance (2005)

Mechanisms for observed associations within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and autoimmune diseases including multiple sclerosis (MS) remain uncertain. Genotyping of the HLA Class II DRB1 locus in 4347 individuals from 873 multiplex families with MS highlights the genetic complexity of this locus. Excess allele sharing in sibling pair families lacking DRB1*15 and DRB1*17 (58.5% sharing; P=0.012) was comparable to that seen where parents were DRB1*15 positive (62%, P=0.0006). DRB1*17 (P=0.00027) was clearly established as an MS susceptibility allele in addition to DRB1*15 (P<10(-14)). DRB1*14 showed striking under-transmission (P=0.000032) to affected offspring newly establishing this allele as a broadly acting resistance factor. Trans interactions were seen in both DRB1*15 and non-DRB1*15 bearing genotype combinations. DRB1*08 was transmitted preferentially with DRB1*15 (P=0.0114) and, in the presence of DRB1*08, the transmission of DRB1*15 was almost invariable (37 transmissions to one non-transmission). DRB1*01 was under-transmitted to offspring in the presence of DRB1*15 (P=0.019). Both DRB1*01 and DRB1*14 haplotypes carry DQA1*01-DQB1*05 alleles, suggesting a common DQ-related mechanism for the protection mediated by these haplotypes. These studies demonstrate that it is the Class II genotype that determines susceptibility and resistance to MS. By analogy with celiac disease and type I diabetes, the pattern of susceptibility strongly supports an autoimmune aetiology.
Evaluating Communicative Teaching Method With Consideration of Psycholinguistics (2001)

Communicative language teaching has been in vogue in the past ten years. Being a language teaching method, it is closely related to linguistics, sociology, educeational theories and so on, psycholinguistics, a branch of linguistics focusing on the mental processes involved in human being's language acquisition and production, play a most important role in the study of language teaching, including communicative language teaching (CLT) of course. In this paper the writer will evaluate the CLT with the consideration of psycholinguistics to what extent CLT is helpful for second language teaching and learning.……
Beiträge zur Chemie der Pyrrolo[3,2‐c]azepine und der Pyrrolo [3,2‐b]azepine (1968)

Abstract Some chemical transformations in the series of the pyrrolo [3,2‐b]azepines and the pyrrolo[3,2‐c]azepines are reported: alkylation at the pyrrolo nitrogen and/or the azepino nitrogen, reduction of the lactam group by means of LiAlH 4 , preparation of lactim ethers and amidines, substitution in position 2 by M ANNICH reaction, bromination and condensation with oxalyl chloride or chloral hydrate, and the cyclocondensation with dimethylmalonyl chloride. The structures of the 2‐substitution products have been evaluated by NMR.‐spectroscopy.
Cyclosporine is Safe and Effective in Patients With Severe Ulcerative Colitis (2010)

CSA is an effective therapy for severe ulcerative colitis. Long-term efficacy is improved with transition to 6MP. Adverse events with CSA are frequent, but most are mild.