gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of the Gene Encoding Human TAFI (Thrombin-Activable Fibrinolysis Inhibitor; Plasma Procarboxypeptidase B) (1999)

Thrombin-activable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) is a recently described human plasma zymogen that is related to pancreatic carboxypeptidase B. The active form of TAFI (TAFIa), which is formed by thrombin cleavage of the zymogen, likely inhibits fibrinolysis by removal from partially degraded fibrin of the carboxyl-terminal lysine residues which act to stimulate plasminogen activation. We have isolated and characterized genomic clones which encompass the entire human TAFI gene from lambda phage and bacterial artificial chromosome genomic libraries. The complete TAFI gene contains 11 exons and spans approximately 48 kb of genomic DNA. The positions of intron/exon boundaries are conserved between the TAFI gene and the rat pancreatic carboxypeptidase A1, A2, and B and the human mast cell carboxypeptidase A genes, indicating that these carboxypeptidases arose from a common ancestral gene. However, the intron lengths diverge significantly among all of these genes. The TAFI promoter lacks a consensus TATA sequence, and transcription is initiated from multiple sites. Transient transfection of reporter plasmids containing portions of the TAFI 5'-flanking region into mammalian cells allowed localization of the promoter and identified a approximately 70 bp region crucial for liver-specific transcription. Sequence analysis of cDNA clones obtained from human liver RNA indicated that the TAFI transcript is polyadenylated at three different sites. Our findings will facilitate the assessment of the regulation of TAFI expression by transcriptional and/or posttranscriptional mechanisms. Furthermore, knowledge of the genomic structure of the TAFI gene will aid in the identification of mutations that may be associated with the tendency to either bleed or thrombose.
Enhanced Humoral Immunity in Common Variable Immunodeficiency after Long-Term Treatment with Polyethylene Glycol-Conjugated Interleukin-2 (1994)

Common variable immunodeficiency is a primary immunodeficiency disease characterized by low serum concentrations of IgG, IgA, and usually IgM1,2. Although some patients appear to have only intrinsic B-cell defects, more than half also have abnormalities of T-cell activation and deficient secretion of interferon-γ and interleukin-2, -4, and -53–7. Most patients also have deficient production of a B-cell differentiation factor, a 34-kd protein that has been purified and lacks interleukin-2, -4, -6, and -10 activity8. We and others hypothesized that the B cells in this disease may be defective because of a lack of essential cytokines . . .
A survey on Mesh Segmentation Techniques (2008)

Abstract We present a review of the state of the art of segmentation and partitioning techniques of boundary meshes. Recently, these have become a part of many mesh and object manipulation algorithms in computer graphics, geometric modelling and computer aided design. We formulate the segmentation problem as an optimization problem and identify two primarily distinct types of mesh segmentation, namely part segmentation and surface‐patch segmentation. We classify previous segmentation solutions according to the different segmentation goals, the optimization criteria and features used, and the various algorithmic techniques employed. We also present some generic algorithms for the major segmentation techniques.
Cellular Uptake of Clostridium difficile Toxin B (2003)

Clostridium difficile toxin B (269 kDa) is one of the causative agents of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis. Toxin B acts in the cytosol of eukaryotic target cells where it inactivates Rho GTPases by monoglucosylation. The catalytic domain of toxin B is located at the N terminus (amino acid residues 1-546). The C-terminal and the middle region of the toxin seem to be involved in receptor binding and translocation. Here we studied whether the full-length toxin or only a part of the holotoxin is translocated into the cytosol. Vero cells were treated with recombinant glutathione S-transferase-toxin B, and thereafter, toxin B fragments were isolated by affinity precipitation of the glutathione S-transferase-tagged protein from the cytosolic fraction of intoxicated cells. The toxin fragment (approximately 65 kDa) was recognized by an antibody against the N terminus of toxin B and was identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis as the catalytic domain of toxin B. The toxin fragment located in the cytosol possessed glucosyltransferase activity that could modify RhoA in vitro, but it was not able to intoxicate intact cells. After treatment of Vero cells with a radiolabeled fragment of toxin B (amino acid residues 547-2366), radioactivity was identified in the membrane fraction of Vero cells but not in the cytosolic fraction of Vero cells. Furthermore, analysis of cells by fluorescence microscopy revealed that the C terminus of toxin B was located in endosomes, whereas the N terminus was detected in the cytosol. Protease inhibitors, which were added to the cell medium, delayed intoxication of cells by toxin B and pH-dependent translocation of the toxin from the cell surface across the cell membrane. The data indicate that toxin B is proteolytically processed during its cellular uptake process.
Temperature compensation technique for fibre Bragggratings using liquid crystalline polymer tubes (1997)

A new packaging technique for compensating temperature dependence of fibre Bragg gratings (FBGs) based on the use of liquid crystalline polymer tubes is proposed, and the temperature dependence of the Bragg wavelength as little as 0.13 nm/100°C is demonstrated. The technique is simple and potentially applicable to long FBGs.
Combining biomarkers to detect disease with application to prostate cancer (2003)

In early detection of disease, combinations of biomarkers promise improved discrimination over diagnostic tests based on single markers. An example of this is in prostate cancer screening, where additional markers have been sought to improve the specificity of the conventional Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) test. A marker of particular interest is the percent free PSA. Studies evaluating the benefits of percent free PSA reflect the need for a methodological approach that is statistically valid and useful in the clinical setting. This article presents methods that address this need. We focus on and-or combinations of biomarker results that we call logic rules and present novel definitions for the ROC curve and the area under the curve (AUC) that are applicable to this class of combination tests. Our estimates of the ROC and AUC are amenable to statistical inference including comparisons of tests and regression analysis. The methods are applied to data on free and total PSA levels among prostate cancer cases and matched controls enrolled in the Physicians' Health Study.
Reactive oxygen species from NADPH oxidase contribute to altered pulmonary vascular responses in piglets with chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (2008)

Our main objective was to determine whether reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide (O(2)(-)) and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), contribute to altered pulmonary vascular responses in piglets with chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. Piglets were raised in either room air (control) or hypoxia for 3 days. The effect of the cell-permeable superoxide dismutase mimetic (SOD; M40403) and/or PEG-catalase (PEG-CAT) on responses to acetylcholine (ACh) was measured in endothelium-intact and denuded pulmonary resistance arteries (PRAs; 90-to-300-microm diameter). To determine whether NADPH oxidase is an enzymatic source of ROS, PRA responses to ACh were measured in the presence and absence of a NADPH oxidase inhibitor, apocynin (APO). A Western blot technique was used to assess expression of the NADPH oxidase subunit, p67phox. A lucigenin-derived chemiluminescence technique was used to measure ROS production stimulated by the NADPH oxidase substrate, NADPH. ACh responses, which were dilation in intact control arteries but constriction in both intact and denuded hypoxic arteries, were diminished by M40403, PEG-CAT, the combination of M40403 plus PEG-CAT, as well as by APO. Although total amounts were not different, membrane-associated p67phox was greater in PRAs from hypoxic compared with control piglets. NADPH-stimulated lucigenin luminescence was nearly doubled in PRAs from hypoxic vs. control piglets. We conclude that ROS generated by NADPH oxidase contribute to the aberrant pulmonary arterial responses in piglets exposed to 3 days of hypoxia.
Deficiency of tetralinoleoyl‐cardiolipin in Barth syndrome (2002)

Barth syndrome is an X-linked cardiac and skeletal mitochondrial myopathy. Barth syndrome may be due to lipid alterations because the product of the mutated gene is homologous to phospholipid acyltransferases. Here we document that a single mitochondrial phospholipid species, tetralinoleoyl-cardiolipin, was lacking in the skeletal muscle (n = 2), right ventricle (n = 2), left ventricle (n = 2), and platelets (n = 6) of 8 children with Barth syndrome. Tetralinoleoyl-cardiolipin is specifically enriched in normal skeletal muscle and the normal heart. These findings support the notion that Barth syndrome is caused by alterations of mitochondrial lipids.
Modulation of NMDA Receptor Function by Ketamine and Magnesium. Part II: Interactions with Volatile Anesthetics (2001)

Clinically relevant concentrations of volatile anesthetics inhibit functioning of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors expressed recombinantly in Xenopus oocytes. This inhibition is reversible, concentration-dependent and voltage-insensitive, and results from noncompetitive antagonism of glutamate/glycine signaling. In addition, these effects can be potentiated significantly by co-application of either Mg2+, S(+)-ketamine, or--most profoundly--both.
Structure and reactivity of alkylsiloxane monolayers formed by reaction of alkyltrichlorosilanes on silicon substrates (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructure and reactivity of alkylsiloxane monolayers formed by reaction of alkyltrichlorosilanes on silicon substratesStephen R. Wasserman, Yu Tai Tao, and George M. WhitesidesCite this: Langmuir 1989, 5, 4, 1074–1087Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00088a035https://doi.org/10.1021/la00088a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views6234Altmetric-Citations1074LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
PANCREOX: A Randomized Phase III Study of Fluorouracil/Leucovorin With or Without Oxaliplatin for Second-Line Advanced Pancreatic Cancer in Patients Who Have Received Gemcitabine-Based Chemotherapy (2016)

Purpose The standard of care for second-line therapy in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer after gemcitabine-based therapy is not clearly defined. The CONKO-003 phase III study reported a survival benefit with second-line fluorouracil (FU) and oxaliplatin using the oxaliplatin, folinic acid, and FU (OFF) regimen. <sup>1</sup> PANCREOX was a phase III multicenter trial to evaluate the benefit of FU and oxaliplatin administered as modified FOLFOX6 (mFOLFOX6; infusional fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin) versus infusional FU/leucovorin (LV) in this setting. Patients and Methods Patients with confirmed advanced pancreatic cancer who were previously treated with gemcitabine therapy and with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0-2 were eligible. A total of 108 patients were randomly assigned to receive biweekly mFOLFOX6 or infusional FU/LV until progression. Progression-free survival (PFS) was the primary end point. Results Baseline patient characteristics were similar in both arms. No difference was observed in PFS (median, 3.1 months v 2.9 months; P = .99). Overall survival (OS) was inferior in patients assigned to mFOLFOX6 (median, 6.1 months v 9.9 months; P = .02). Increased toxicity was observed with the addition of oxaliplatin, with grade 3/4 adverse events occurring in 63% of patients who received mFOLFOX6 and 11% of those who received FU/LV. More patients in the mFOLFOX6 arm withdrew from study due to adverse events than in the FU/LV arm (20% v 2%), whereas the use of postprogression therapy was significantly higher in the FU/LV arm (25% v 7%; P = .015). No significant differences were observed in time to deterioration on the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 global health scale. Conclusion No benefit was observed with the addition of oxaliplatin, administered as mFOLFOX6, versus infusional FU/LV in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer previously treated with first-line gemcitabine.
Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Modified with Pd Nanoparticles:  Unique Building Blocks for High-Performance, Flexible Hydrogen Sensors (2008)

High-performance hydrogen sensors with excellent mechanical flexibility and durability have been fabricated on thin plastic sheets with the use of high-quality semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes decorated with discrete Pd nanoparticles. These sensors exhibit sensing performance much higher than that of the traditional ones built with precious pure palladium structures on rigid substrates. For example, the sensitivity of the typical flexible sensors is in the range of 100−150% (based on resistance change of the sensors) for 0.1% hydrogen in dry air at room temperature. The response times are typically less than 15 s for 1% hydrogen, and the sensors can be completely recovered within 5 min in the air without hydrogen. The flexible sensors can detect hydrogen with concentrations as low as 100 ppm (0.01%). Experimental results indicate that the as-fabricated devices operate well even when they are bent to a curved geometry with bending radii down to 2 mm and after they are treated with 1000 times of bending/relaxing cycles. The sensing mechanism is also discussed semiquantitatively on the basis of the theory of solid-state physics and Langmuir adsorption isotherm theory. The conclusion is consistent with the characteristic results of the as-fabricated sensors. These flexible hydrogen sensors could find immediate applications for detecting hydrogen leakage in various systems with demanding light weight, mechanical flexibility, and high sensitivity.
Agonistic Anti-CD40 Antibody Therapy is Effective Against Postoperative Cancer Recurrence and Metastasis in a Murine Tumor Model (2013)

Postresection recurrences of cancer arising from occult tumor deposits, either local or metastatic, represent major causes of death in patients with operable solid tumors. Thus, new therapies are required that complement existing treatments to eradicate these occult deposits. Agonistic anti-CD40 antibody is one of the most powerful new cancer immunotherapies, enhancing immune priming of effector CD8 T cells by dendritic cells, leading to increased antitumor activity. We investigated the use of anti-CD40 antibody for the treatment of postoperative recurrence and metastasis, with regional lymphadenectomy, in a murine model of cancer. Subcutaneous AB1-HA mesothelioma tumors were induced in BALB/c mice. Established tumors were surgically excised on day 16, with or without sentinel lymph node removal. On the day of surgery, animals were rechallenged with AB1-HA tumor cells at the surgical site (local recurrence) or the opposite flank (metastasis). Postoperative tumors were treated with anti-CD40 (FGK45) on emergence, delivered either intratumorally, peritumorally, or systemically. Local or systemic anti-CD40 treatment slowed postsurgical metastatic growth relative to untreated controls (P = 0.020) and improved survival from metastasis. Anti-CD40 also retarded the growth of local recurrences (P = 0.004) and improved survival from recurrence. Sentinel lymph node dissection did not impair efficacy (P > 0.05). This study demonstrates that anti-CD40 therapy, given either locally or systemically, may be a powerful and readily translatable adjuvant to cancer surgery, including in cases where regional lymphadenectomy is indicated.
Very broad reflection bandwidth (44 nm) chirpedfibre gratings andnarrow bandpass filters produced by the use of an amplitude mask (1994)

Chirped gratings with very broad reflection bandwidths up to 44 nm and high reflectivity have been produced holographically in boron-codoped and standard telecommunications fibres which have been hydrogen-soaked. A 2 nm wide transmission band has been produced within the broad reflection band by use of an amplitude mask during grating exposure.
Coherent Single Charge Transport in Molecular-Scale Silicon Nanowires (2005)

We report low-temperature electrical transport studies of chemically synthesized, molecular-scale silicon nanowires. Individual nanowires exhibit Coulomb blockade oscillations characteristic of charge addition to a single nanostructure on length scales up to at least 400 nm. Studies also demonstrate coherent charge transport through discrete single particle quantum levels extending across whole devices, and show that the ground-state spin configuration is consistent with the constant interaction model. In addition, depletion of nanowires suggests that phase coherent single-dot characteristics are accessible in the few-charge regime. These results differ from those for nanofabricated planar silicon devices, which show localization on much shorter length scales, and thus suggest potential for molecular-scale silicon nanowires as building blocks for quantum and conventional electronics.
National Differences in Patient–Clinician Communication Regarding Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder (2009)

More carefully constructed definitions, based on understanding the common language between clinicians and patients, would improve doctor-patient communications and set common expectations for treatment of HSDD. Defining HSDD in simpler, non-psychiatric terms such as "decreased sexual desire" illustrates how HSDD can be translated into more patient-friendly language.
A new method for complete-to-overcomplete discrete wavelet transforms (2003)

Overcomplete discrete wavelet transforms (ODWT) are used in a number of applications because they provide shift invariance, a property extremely useful in wavelet-based image processing and video coding. In this paper, we propose a new construction of the ODWT starting from the subbands of the critically sampled (complete) DWT. The most straightforward application of our theory is scalable video coding with in-band prediction, for which it has been shown that the proposed method achieves lower complexity.
Domain Adaptive Faster R-CNN for Object Detection in the Wild (2018)

Object detection typically assumes that training and test data are drawn from an identical distribution, which, however, does not always hold in practice. Such a distribution mismatch will lead to a significant performance drop. In this work, we aim to improve the cross-domain robustness of object detection. We tackle the domain shift on two levels: 1) the image-level shift, such as image style, illumination, etc, and 2) the instance-level shift, such as object appearance, size, etc. We build our approach based on the recent state-of-the-art Faster R-CNN model, and design two domain adaptation components, on image level and instance level, to reduce the domain discrepancy. The two domain adaptation components are based on H-divergence theory, and are implemented by learning a domain classifier in adversarial training manner. The domain classifiers on different levels are further reinforced with a consistency regularization to learn a domain-invariant region proposal network (RPN) in the Faster R-CNN model. We evaluate our newly proposed approach using multiple datasets including Cityscapes, KITTI, SIM10K, etc. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed approach for robust object detection in various domain shift scenarios.
Keratinocyte growth factor accelerates corneal epithelial wound healing in vivo. (1995)

Topical application of KGF accelerated corneal epithelial wound healing in vivo and increased cell proliferation in the limbal epithelium of the regenerating cornea.
Role of alternative splicing of the rat erythropoietin receptor gene in normal and erythroleukemia cells. (1997)

An alternatively splicing of the rat erythropoietin receptor (EpoR) gene was identified in normal and erythroleukemia cells by the reverse transcription PCR method. Insertion of a 105 bp fragment at the region corresponding to the extracellular domain of rat EpoR was found. The insert sequence, which encodes additional 21 amino acids, is similar to that previously found in the mouse EpoR gene, however, has an additional 27 bp direct repeat. Due to the presence of a stop codon in the insert, the alternative transcript is translated to a truncated and soluble form of EpoR which is preferentially expressed in liver, spleen, kidney, heart, and bone marrow cells as well as cultured erythroleukemia cells. These findings suggest that alternative splicing of the EpoR gene may play an important role in proliferation and differentiation of rat erythroid cells.
Definitive cure of recurrent prosthetic endocarditis using silver-coated St. Jude Medical heart valves: a preliminary case report. (1998)

Despite progress in the area of antimicrobial treatment and the surgical use of homografts, prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) remains one of the most dangerous complications following heart valve replacement. We present the case of a patient treated for acute endocarditis which affected the mitral valve and who developed recurrent PVE and native aortic valve endocarditis. After multiple valve surgery, the infection was controlled following aortic and mitral valve replacement using silver-coated prostheses. The St. Jude Medical (SJM) mechanical heart valve Masters Series with Silzone coating is intended to protect heart valve patients against microbial infection. The Silzone coating is formed by an ion beam-assisted deposition process that incorporates silver into the sewing cuff of the SJM heart valve. It has also been suggested that silver treatment may improve the healing characteristics of the heart valve sewing cuff. This technology may be a valuable option to prevent or cure PVE, in addition to homografts. Although the present patient is an isolated case, it was encouraging to find not only a well-healed mitral valve silver-coated prosthesis but also no persistent or recurrent infection during a nine-month follow up.