gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On the mechanism by which vascular endothelial cells regulate their oxygen consumption (1999)

Two enzymes, soluble guanylyl cyclase and cytochrome c oxidase, have been shown to be exquisitely sensitive to nitric oxide (NO) at low physiological concentrations. Activation of the soluble guanylyl cyclase by endogenous NO and the consequent increase in the second messenger cyclic GMP are now known to control a variety of biological functions. Cytochrome c oxidase, the terminal enzyme of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, is inhibited by NO. However, it is not clear whether NO produced by the constitutive NO synthase interacts with cytochrome c oxidase, nor is it known what the biological consequences of such an interaction might be. We now show that NO generated by vascular endothelial cells under basal and stimulated conditions modulates the respiration of these cells in response to acute changes in oxygen concentration. This action occurs at the cytochrome c oxidase and depends on influx of calcium. Thus, NO plays a physiological role in adjusting the capacity of this enzyme to use oxygen, allowing endothelial cells to adapt to acute changes in their environment.
Immunologic studies of membrane mutants of a highly metastatic murine tumor. (1979)

MDAY-D2 is a highly tumorigenic and anaplastic DBA/2 strain murine transplantable tumor capable of rapid and widespread spontaneous metastatic growth. It was therefore chosen as an ideal murine tumor model for the study of factors affecting metastatic growth. Two approaches were taken in an effort to obtain stable qualitative and quantitative low-metastatic variants of MDAY-D2, namely, cloning of multiple sublines and derivation of lectin-resistant (LecR) mutants. In the first method, 20 clones were isolated, and of these, three initially showed a marked reducstion in ability to metastasize from a subcutaneous site. However, these clones proved to be unstable both in vivo and in vitro. In the LecR selection experiments, 18 independent variants were obtained using chemical mutagenesis followed by treatment with wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), phytohemagglutinin (PHA), or concanavalin A (Con A). All of the variants proved to be highly metastatic except two WGAR variants, designated MDWI and MDW3. They proved to be nontumorigenic in normal DBA/2 hosts even when as many as 5 X 10(6) cells were injected, and this was found to be a stable change. Despite this fact, the nontumorigens an unchanged expression of H-2d and Ly-6.2 alloantigens and Fc receptors. The variants were, however, tumorigenic and metastatic in severely immunosuppressed (nude) mice, but not in moderately immunosuppressed 250-R-irradiated DBA/2 hosts. The results demonstrate that 1) stable membrane mutant sublines possessing radically altered growth properties in vivo can occasionally be obtained by selection of LecR variants, and 2) their growth and metastatic properties can be greatly affected by the immunologic status of the host. The possibility that the chemical mutagen treatment itself induced, or was responsible for, MDW1 and MDW3 variant formation is also discussed.
Confined Geometry Interactions of Downstream RF-Excited Atmospheric Plasma Wires (2008)

We report on the generation and propagation of plasma by-products via the electrical excitation of argon gas flowing in an insulating millimeter-sized tube at excitation frequencies of 13.56-25 MHz. An electrode on the outer surface of the tube acted to capacitively couple excitation RF energy (<1 W to tens of watts) into the plasma, resulting in a plume that extends into open air for millimeter distances that are far beyond the main plasma excitation volume (ldquoplasma wiresrdquo). By using identical tubes with flowing argon but with the external electrode grounded, we demonstrate the plasma plume propagation between multiple tubes. Contrary to prior work, the open-air plasma wires propagate opposite the gas flow direction.
Low Serum Testosterone Concentration in Middle-aged Men with Type 2 Diabetes (2007)

Low concentrations of endogenous androgens have been linked with insulin resistance and atherosclerosis. Men with diabetes have been reported to have lower serum testosterone concentration than non-diabetic men; however, there has never been a large study. The aim of this study was to investigate if endogenous androgen concentration is certainly lower in a relatively large number of Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes compared with healthy men, and to identify what factors may be associated with low serum testosterone concentrations in men with type 2 diabetes. Serum free testosterone concentrations were measured in 524 healthy men and in 331 consecutive Japanese men with type 2 diabetes between 40 and 69 years old. In addition, we investigated the relationships between serum free testosterone concentration and luteinizing hormone (LH) concentration as well as major cardiovascular risk factors including age, blood pressure, plasma lipid concentration, glycemic control (HbA(1c)), and BMI. Serum free testosterone concentrations were lower in men with type 2 diabetes than in healthy men in the 40-49 years group (10.9 +/- 3.3 vs. 14.0 +/- 3.6 pg/ml, P<0.0001), in the 50-59 years group (10.4 +/- 3.2 vs. 12.1 +/- 2.9 pg/ml, P<0.0001), and in the 60-69 years group (9.5 +/- 2.6 vs. 10.5 +/- 2.9 pg/ml, P = 0.0104). A negative correlation was found between serum free testosterone and LH concentrations (r = -0.326, P<0.0001). In conclusion, serum free testosterone concentration is certainly lower in a relatively large number of Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes compared with healthy men with each decade of life between 40 and 69 years old.
A digital fountain approach to reliable distribution of bulk data (1998)

The proliferation of applications that must reliably distribute bulk data to a large number of autonomous clients motivates the design of new multicast and broadcast protocols. We describe an ideal, fully scalable protocol for these applications that we call a digital fountain. A digital fountain allows any number of heterogeneous clients to acquire bulk data with optimal efficiency at times of their choosing. Moreover, no feedback channels are needed to ensure reliable delivery, even in the face of high loss rates.We develop a protocol that closely approximates a digital fountain using a new class of erasure codes that for large block sizes are orders of magnitude faster than standard erasure codes. We provide performance measurements that demonstrate the feasibility of our approach and discuss the design, implementation and performance of an experimental system.
Reasons that prevent the inclusion of Alzheimer's disease patients in clinical trials (2012)

A high proportion of AD patients presented with vascular abnormalities on MRI. This was not unexpected, since the patients were selected from the database and, as shown in epidemiologic studies, cerebrovascular diseases are frequently associated with AD. The presence of a study partner is essential for enabling a patient to participate in clinical trials because of the need to record reliably primary and secondary outcomes.
Clopidogrel and Aspirin in Cardiovascular Medicine: Responders or Not -- Current Best Available Evidence (2008)

Dual antiplatelet therapy represents an important advance for patients with established coronary artery disease. It is an important strategy for patients with acute coronary syndromes and those undergoing percutaneous transcatheter coronary interventions. Clopidogrel effectively inhibits ADP-induced platelet activation and aggregation by selectively and irreversibly blocking the P2Y(12) receptor on the platelet membrane. Aspirin works by irreversibly acetylating the cyclooxygenase (COX-1) enzyme, thus suppressing the production of thromboxane A(2) (TxA(2)) and inhibiting platelet activation and aggregation. Variable platelet response and potential resistance to therapy has emerged with aspirin and clopidogrel. The definitions of antiplatelet agents variability in responsiveness and nonresponsiveness are discussed. Clopidogrel and aspirin responsiveness as they are measured in the laboratory by various techniques (platelet aggregometry and point-of-care assays such as platelet function analyzer [PFA-100] and rapid platelet function assay [RPFA]) are evaluated. The mechanisms responsible for variations in responsiveness to antiplatelet agents such as clinical, cellular and genetic factors are defined. Aspirin and clopidogrel resistance are emerging clinical entities with potentially severe consequences such as myocardial infarction, stroke or death. The therapeutic interventions to deal with nonresponsiveness are reported, although specific recommendations are not clearly established. In the future, routine measurement of platelet function in patients with cardiovascular disease may become the standard of care. Personalized antithrombotic treatment strategies may be determined by ex-vivo measurements that identify critical pathways influencing thrombotic risk in the individual patient.
Data Visualization of Web Service with Parallel Coordinates and NodeTrix (2014)

As a mega-trend in IT, services computing provides different types of services for widely distributed data sharing and aggregation that span heterogeneous networks and domains. With these services, the need to visualize massive data is growing since there are a large number of traditional applications and it is quite common for those applications to invoke the services. Unfortunately, the visualizations in existing systems do not satisfactorily resolve the basic dilemma of being readable both for the global structure of a large service repository and also for detailed data analysis of local service interaction. To address this problem, we analyze the characteristics of data from Web service and present a hybrid data representation that combines the advantages of two representations: Parallel Coordinates are used to show the global structure of a whole repository, while arbitrary portions of the repository can be shown by NodeTrix to better support the analysis of data. A software prototype is described, which we can use to visualize for service browsing and interacting, such as side-by-side overview and detail views, visualization of fast data searching, and smooth transitions between Parallel Coordinates and NodeTrix.
Direct genotypic detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis rifampin resistance in clinical specimens by using single-tube heminested PCR (1995)

Recent analysis of the gene encoding the beta subunit of Mycobacterium tuberculosis RNA polymerase (rpoB) has demonstrated a small region that harbors the mutations most frequently associated with rifampin resistance. Earlier reports have described a high degree of sequence conservation of rpoB among mycobacteria other than M. tuberculosis and other GC-rich bacteria that can lead to false-positive amplification when applied directly to clinical specimens. We developed reagents for PCR amplification that are based on signature nucleotides discovered by comparative sequence analysis of the rpoB genes of organisms phylogenetically related to M. tuberculosis. The specificities of the reagents were challenged with 20 isolates of multiple-drug-resistant M. tuberculosis and more than 20 species of mycobacteria other than M. tuberculosis and other GC-rich organisms. A single-tube heminested PCR protocol was devised to obtain sensitivity equal to those of an IS6110-based PCR assay and culture in spiked sputum experiments. The assay correctly identified 21 of 24 (87.5%) culture-positive specimens, 13 of which were acid-fast smear-negative, in a panel of 51 clinical specimens. Three specimens that were false-positive initially were negative upon repeat testing when the assay was modified to eliminate the potential for aerosol carryover of the first-round amplification product during the open-tube addition of the second set of reaction reagents. This assay is the most sensitive and specific test to date for the direct detection of M. tuberculosis rpoB in clinical specimens. This rapid PCR-based assay can be used for the simultaneous identification of M. tuberculosis and its rifampin susceptibility genotype.
Biosynthesis of Monomers for Plastics from Renewable Oils (2010)

Omega-hydroxyfatty acids are excellent monomers for synthesizing a unique family of polyethylene-like biobased plastics. However, ω-hydroxyfatty acids are difficult and expensive to prepare by traditional organic synthesis, precluding their use in commodity materials. Here we report the engineering of a strain of the diploid yeast Candida tropicalis to produce commercially viable yields of ω-hydroxyfatty acids. To develop the strain we identified and eliminated 16 genes encoding 6 cytochrome P450s, 4 fatty alcohol oxidases, and 6 alcohol dehydrogenases from the C. tropicalis genome. We also show that fatty acids with different chain lengths and degrees of unsaturation can be more efficiently oxidized by expressing different P450s within this strain background. Biocatalysis using engineered C. tropicalis is thus a potentially attractive biocatalytic platform for producing commodity chemicals from renewable resources.
ON THE SPECIFICATION OF TERM VALUES IN AUTOMATIC INDEXING (1973)

The existing practice in automatic indexing is reviewed, and it is shown that the standard theories for the specification of term values (or weights) are not adequate. New techniques are introduced for the assignment of weights to index terms, based on the characteristics of individual document collections. The effectiveness of some of the proposed methods is evaluated.
CodonO: codon usage bias analysis within and across genomes (2007)

wanhenry@yahoo.com.
Expression, purification, and physicochemical characterization of a recombinant Yersinia protein tyrosine phosphatase. (1992)

The Yersinia protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTPase) Yop51, a C235R point mutation (Yop51*), and a protein lacking the first 162 amino acids at the NH2 terminus (Yop51*delta 162) have been overexpressed in Escherichia coli and purified to homogeneity through the use of CM Sephadex C25 cation exchange chromatography followed by Sephadex G-100 gel filtration. Greater than 50 mg of homogeneous Yop51* and Yop51*delta 162 can be obtained from a single liter of bacterial culture, whereas the same procedure yields only 5 mg of pure Yop51. Large, diffraction-quality crystals have been obtained for Yop51*delta 162. Size exclusion chromatography, sedimentation equilibrium, and enzyme concentration dependence experiments have established that the Yersinia PTPases exist and function as monomers in solution. Yop51 and Yop51* display identical UV, CD, and fluorescence spectra and have identical kinetic and structural stability properties. These full-length Yersinia PTPases have 31% alpha-helix, an emission maximum of 342 nm, a turn-over number of 1200 s-1 at pH 5.0, 30 degrees C, and an unfolding delta G value of 6 kcal/mol at 25 degrees C. Yop51*delta 162 has very similar kinetic and fluorescence characteristics to the full-length molecules, whereas its CD and UV spectra show noticeable differences due to the elimination of 162 NH2-terminal residues. The Yersinia PTPases are by far the most active PTPases known, and their kinetic parameters are extremely sensitive to the ionic strength of reaction medium.
Heterobifunctional Poly(ethylene oxide): Synthesis of .alpha.-Methoxy-.omega.-amino and .alpha.-Hydroxy-.omega.-amino PEOs with the Same Molecular Weights (1995)

Well-defined alpha-methoxy-omega-amino and a alpha-hydroxy-omega-amino poly(ethylene oxide)s (PEOs) were obtained after chemical modifications of alpha-hydroxy-omega-allyl PEO which was synthesized by anionic polymerization of ethylene oxide (EO) with allyl alcoholate as initiator; molecular weights of the prepolymer were controlled by the monomer/initiator ratio. Addition of methyl iodide on the hydroxy function of this prepolymer led to an alpha-methoxy-omega-allyl PEO; completion of the reaction and purity of the resulting polymer were demonstrated by 1H, 13C NMR and GPC studies. Addition reactions of 2-amino-ethanethiol hydrochloride on alpha-hydroxy-omega-allyl PEO and alpha-methoxy-omega-allyl PEO in the presence of azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) led to the expected homopolymers without any side reactions as shown by 1H and 13C NMR spectra.
From Condensed Lanthanide Coordination Solids to Microporous Frameworks Having Accessible Metal Sites (1999)

The combination of terbium nitrate and 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid (H2BDC) in the presence of triethylamine yields the compound Tb2(BDC)3·(H2O)4, which has an extended nonporous structure constructed from copolymerized BDC and Tb(III) units. The multidentate functionality of BDC and the tendency of Tb to have a high coordination number has allowed water to act as a terminal ligand to Tb in the structure. Upon thermally liberating the water ligands, a microporous material, Tb2(BDC)3, is achieved, which has extended 1-D channels and the same framework structure as that of the as-synthesized solid as evidenced by XRPD. Water sorption isotherm data proves that Tb2(BDC)3 has permanent microporosity, and points to the presence of accessible metal sites within the pores, which also allows the sorption of ammonia to give Tb2(BDC)3·(NH3)4. Luminescence lifetime measurements confirm that resorbed water and sorbed ammonia are bound to Tb and that they give distinctly different decay constants.
Properties of collagen and hyaluronic acid composite materials and their modification by chemical crosslinking (1996)

This article describes properties of composites of collagen-hyaluronic acid shaped to layered materials. According to the results, interactions of these two polymers are very strong. The properties can be influenced by chemical crosslinking using glyoxal and starch dialdehyde. The different behavior during enzymatic degradation by collagenase and in swelling experiments is discussed in relation to material composition. The valuable properties of the composites observed in this study show the possibility of their use as biomaterials.
Therapeutic human papillomavirus vaccines: current clinical trials and future directions (2008)

Though their development has been challenging, many therapeutic HPV vaccines have been shown to induce HPV-specific antitumor immune responses in preclinical animal models and several promising strategies have been applied in clinical trials. With continued progress in the field of vaccine development, HPV therapeutic vaccines may provide a potentially promising approach for the control of lethal HPV-associated malignancies.
Effects of parturition and lactation on blood and milk cell concentrations, corticosteroids, and neutrophil phagocytosis in the cow. (1976)

Blood differential leukocytes, erythrocytes, milk somatic cells, and neutrophil phagocytosis in 14 Holstein-Friesian cows were measured at 2-day intervals for 2 weeks before parturition, on the day of parturition, on postpartum days 1,2,5,10,15, and 30, and at monthly intervals throughout lactation. Circulating corticosteroids were measured in 6 cows on days -6, -4, -2, on the day of parturition, and on days +1, +2, +5, +10, +15, +30, and +60. Circulating neutrophils on day -2 on the day of parturition, on days 2, 10, and 15 averaged 3,363, 5,889, 3,085, 4,116, and 3,558/mm, respectively. The increase in neutrophils at parturition was accompanined by an increase in corticosteroids (2.7, 9.0, 11.1, 6.1, and 5.4 ng/ml of blood plasma on days -4 and -2, on the day of parturition, and on days +1 and +2, respectively). The phagocytic ability of circulating neutrophils was determined by incubating yeast cells with whole blood (30 minutes, 37 C) and microscopically counting yeast cells per neutrophil. Mean yeast cells per neutrophil decreased (P less than 0.01) during the 2nd week after parturition (7.4, 6.5, 6.6, and 7.2 on days +2, +10, +15, and +30, respectively). But this decrease was compensated for by an increase in circulating neutrophils during the same period.
Genomic and Biological Analysis of Phage Xfas53 and Related Prophages of Xylella fastidiosa (2009)

We report the plaque propagation and genomic analysis of Xfas53, a temperate phage of Xylella fastidiosa. Xfas53 was isolated from supernatants of X. fastidiosa strain 53 and forms plaques on the sequenced strain Temecula. Xfas53 forms short-tailed virions, morphologically similar to podophage P22. The 36.7-kb genome is predicted to encode 45 proteins. The Xfas53 terminase and structural genes are related at a protein and gene order level to P22. The left arm of the Xfas53 genome has over 90% nucleotide identity to multiple prophage elements of the sequenced X. fastidiosa strains. This arm encodes proteins involved in DNA metabolism, integration, and lysogenic control. In contrast to Xfas53, each of these prophages encodes head and DNA packaging proteins related to the siphophage lambda and tail morphogenesis proteins related to those of myophage P2. Therefore, it appears that Xfas53 was formed by recombination between a widespread family of X. fastidiosa P2-related prophage elements and a podophage distantly related to phage P22. The lysis cassette of Xfas53 is predicted to encode a pinholin, a signal anchor and release (SAR) endolysin, and Rz and Rz1 equivalents. The holin gene encodes a pinholin and appears to be subject to an unprecedented degree of negative regulation at both the level of expression, with rho-independent transcriptional termination and RNA structure-dependent translational repression, and the level of holin function, with two upstream translational starts predicted to encode antiholin products. A notable feature of Xfas53 and related prophages is the presence of 220- to 390-nucleotide degenerate tandem direct repeats encoding putative DNA binding proteins. Additionally, each phage encodes at least two BroN domain-containing proteins possibly involved in lysogenic control. Xfas53 exhibits unusually slow adsorption kinetics, possibly an adaptation to the confined niche of its slow-growing host.
Spatial resolution of imaging noncollinear acousto-optic tunable filters (1992)

The spatial resolution limit of noncollinear acousto-optic tunable filters used for imaging with incoherent light is derived based on phase-matching requirements. It is shown that the noncollinear filter can achieve near diffraction limited imaging. This conclusion was verified experimentally.
NMR imaging of diffusion of small organic molecules in silk fibroin gel (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNMR imaging of diffusion of small organic molecules in silk fibroin gelTetsuo Asakura, Makoto Demura, Hidejiro Ogawa, Kazuhiro Matsushita, and Mamoru ImanariCite this: Macromolecules 1991, 24, 2, 620–622Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00002a045https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00002a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views108Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts