gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Quantitative trait loci associated with lettuce seed germination under different temperature and light environments (2008)

Temperature and light are primary environmental cues affecting seed germination. To elucidate the genetic architecture underlying lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) seed germination under different environmental conditions, an F8 recombinant inbred line population consisting of 131 families was phenotyped for final germination and germination rate. Seeds were imbibed in water at 20 degrees C under continuous red light (20-Rc), 20 degrees C continuous dark (20-Dc), 31.5 degrees C continuous red light (31.5-Rc), 31.5 degrees C continuous dark (31.5-Dc), or 20 degrees C far-red light for 24 h followed by continuous dark (20-FRc-Dc). Thirty-eight quantitative trait loci (QTL) were identified from two seed maturation environments: 10 for final germination and 28 for germination rate. The amount of variation attributed to an individual QTL ranged from 9.3% to 17.2% and from 5.6% to 26.2% for final germination and germination rate, respectively. Path analysis indicated that factors affecting germination under 31.5-Rc or 31.5-Dc are largely the same, and these appear to differ from those employed under 20-FRc-Dc. QTL and path analysis support the notion of common and unique factors for germination under diverse temperature and light regimes. A highly significant effect of the seed maturation environment on subsequent germination capacity under environmental stress was observed.
Impact of workload and system parameters on next generation cluster scheduling mechanisms (2001)

Scheduling of processes onto processors of a parallel machine has always been an important and challenging area of research. The issue becomes even more crucial and difficult as we gradually progress to the use of off-the-shelf workstations, operating systems, and high bandwidth networks to build cost-effective clusters for demanding applications. Clusters are gaining acceptance not just in scientific applications that need supercomputing power, but also in domains such as databases, web service, and multimedia which place diverse Quality-of-Service (QoS) demands on the underlying system. Further, these applications have diverse characteristics in terms of their computation, communication, and I/O requirements, making conventional parallel scheduling solutions, such as space sharing or gang scheduling, unattractive. At the same time, leaving it to the native operating system of each node to make decisions independently can lead to ineffective use of system resources whenever there is communication. Instead, an emerging class of dynamic coscheduling mechanisms that attempt to take remedial actions to guide the system toward coscheduled execution without requiring explicit synchronization offers a lot of promise for cluster scheduling. Using a detailed simulator, this paper evaluates the pros and cons of different dynamic coscheduling alternatives while comparing their advantages over traditional gang scheduling (and not performing any coordinated scheduling at all). The impact of dynamic job arrivals, job characteristics, and different system parameters on these alternatives is evaluated in terms of several performance criteria. In addition, heuristics to enhance one of the alternatives even further are identified, classified, and evaluated. It is shown that these heuristics can significantly outperform the other alternatives over a spectrum of workload and system parameters and is thus a much better option for clusters than conventional gang scheduling.
Identification of a New Class of Low Molecular Weight Antagonists against the Chemokine Receptor CXCR4 Having the Dipicolylamine−Zinc(II) Complex Structure (2006)

Several low molecular weight nonpeptide compounds having the dipicolylamine-zinc(II) complex structure were identified as potent and selective antagonists of the chemokine receptor CXCR4. These compounds showed strong inhibitory activity against CXCL12 binding to CXCR4, and the top compound exhibited significant anti-HIV activity. Zinc(II)-dipicolylamine unit-containing compounds proved to be useful and attractive lead compounds for chemotherapy of these diseases as nonpeptide CXCR4 antagonists possessing the novel scaffold structure.
Prognostic Value of Coronary Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction (2002)

Epicardial and microvascular coronary endothelial dysfunction independently predict acute cardiovascular events in patients with and without CAD, providing both functional and prognostic information that complements angiographic and risk factor assessment.
Use of an inspiratory impedance threshold device on a facemask and endotracheal tube to reduce intrathoracic pressures during the decompression phase of active compression–decompression cardiopulmonary resuscitation (2005)

Use of an active ITD attached to a facemask or an ETT resulted in a significantly lower negative intratracheal pressure during the decompression phase of active compression-decompression cardiopulmonary resuscitation when compared with controls. Airway pressures with an ITD on either a facemask or ETT were similar. The ITD-facemask combination was practical and enables rapid deployment of this life-saving technology.
Hospital Nurse Staffing and Patient Mortality, Nurse Burnout, and Job Dissatisfaction (2002)

In hospitals with high patient-to-nurse ratios, surgical patients experience higher risk-adjusted 30-day mortality and failure-to-rescue rates, and nurses are more likely to experience burnout and job dissatisfaction.
Expression of interleukin-8 by human melanoma cells up-regulates MMP-2 activity and increases tumor growth and metastasis. (1997)

Expression of interleukin-8 (IL-8) by human melanoma cells correlates with their metastatic potential. Moreover, UV-B irradiation of primary cutaneous melanoma cells induces IL-8 mRNA and protein production and increases both tumor growth and metastasis in nude mice. Although IL-8 has been shown to be an angiogenic factor, the biological consequences of increased IL-8 production by melanoma cells and the role of IL-8 in the metastatic process remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of IL-8 in tumor growth and metastasis of human melanoma cells. Nonmetastatic SB-2 melanoma cells with negligible levels of IL-8 were transfected with IL-8 cDNA and subsequently analyzed for changes in their tumorigenic and metastatic potential. Enforced expression of IL-8 rendered the melanoma cells highly tumorigenic and increased their metastatic potential as compared with parental and control transfected cells. The IL-8-transfected cells displayed up-regulation in M(r) 72,000 collagenase type IV (MMP-2) mRNA and collagenase activity and increased invasiveness through Matrigel-coated filters. Moreover, when the MMP-2 promoter was linked upstream of the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) reporter gene, CAT activity was up-regulated in IL-8 but not in control transfected cells, suggesting that IL-8 is involved in MMP-2 gene transcription. Activation of type IV collagenase by IL-8 can enhance the invasion of host stroma by the tumor cells and increase angiogenesis and, hence, metastasis.
Detection of Antibody-Dependent Complement-Mediated Inactivation of both Autologous and Heterologous Virus in Primary Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection (2005)

Specific CD8 T-cell responses to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) are induced in primary infection and make an important contribution to the control of early viral replication. The importance of neutralizing antibodies in containing primary viremia is questioned because they usually arise much later. Nevertheless antienvelope antibodies develop simultaneously with, or even before, peak viremia. We determined whether such antibodies might control viremia by complement-mediated inactivation (CMI). In each of seven patients studied, antibodies capable of CMI appeared at or shortly after the peak in viremia, concomitantly with detection of virus-specific T-cell responses. The CMI was effective on both autologous and heterologous HIV-1 isolates. Activation of the classical pathway and direct viral lysis were at least partly responsible. Since immunoglobulin G (IgG)-antibodies triggered the CMI, specific memory B cells could also be induced by vaccination. Thus, consideration should be given to vaccination strategies that induce IgG antibodies capable of CMI.
A novel method of creating a surface micromachined 3D optical assembly for MEMS-based miniaturized FTIR spectrometers (2008)

This paper describes design, fabrication, and characterization of a miniaturized, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer for the detection and identification of toxic or flammable gases. By measuring the absorption by the target material of IR radiation, unambiguous detection and identification can be achieved. The key component of the device is a micromachined Michelson interferometer capable of modulating light in the 2 - 14 &mu;m spectral region. Two major technical achievements associated with developing a MEMS interferometer module are discussed: development of a micromirror assembly having an order of magnitude larger modulation stroke to approach laboratory instrument-grade spectral resolutions; and assembly of monolithic, millimeter-scale optical components using multi-layer surface micromachining techniques to produce an extremely low cost MEMS interferometer, which has an unprecedented optical throughput. We have manufactured and tested the device. Reported optical characterization results include a precisely aligned, static interferogram acquired from an assembled Michelson interferometer using visible light wavelengths, which promises a high sensitivity FTIR spectrometer for its size.
Video conferencing as a technology to support group work: a review of its failures (1988)

Teleconferencing systems and services, are the main set of technologies developed thus far to support group work. Within this set of technologies, videoconferencing is often thought of as a new, futuristic communication mode that lies between the telephone call and the face-to-face meeting. In fact, videoconferencing has been commercially available for over two decades, and, despite consistently brilliant market forecasts, to date it has failed to succeed except in limited niche markets. This paper reviews existing teleconferencing literature and provides an analysis of the reasons behind the failure of videoconferencing.
Selection for efficient translation initiation biases codon usage at second amino acid position in secretory proteins (2007)

The definition of a typical sec-dependent bacterial signal peptide contains a positive charge at the N-terminus, thought to be required for membrane association. In this study the amino acid distribution of all Escherichia coli secretory proteins were analysed. This revealed that there was a statistically significant bias for lysine at the second codon position (P2), consistent with a role for the positive charge in secretion. Removal of the positively charged residue P2 in two different model systems revealed that a positive charge is not required for protein export. A well-characterized feature of large amino acids like lysine at P2 is inhibition of N-terminal methionine removal by methionyl amino-peptidase (MAP). Substitution of lysine at P2 for other large or small amino acids did not affect protein export. Analysis of codon usage revealed that there was a bias for the AAA lysine codon at P2, suggesting that a non-coding function for the AAA codon may be responsible for the strong bias for lysine at P2 of secretory signal sequences. We conclude that the selection for high translation initiation efficiency maybe the selective pressure that has led to codon and consequent amino acid usage at P2 of secretory proteins.
Measurement of Rayleigh backscattering in single-mode fibers based on coherent OFDR employing a DFB laser diode (1991)

Rayleigh backscattering in a single-mode optical fiber was measured by coherent optical frequency-domain reflectometry (C-OFDR) employing a frequency-variable distributed-feedback laser diode (DFB-LD). Backscattered power from the neighborhood of the far end of a 0.5-km-long fiber was measured with a spatial resolution of 50 cm. The insertion of a delay line fiber in the reference optical path and an acoustooptic frequency shifter in the signal optical path made it possible to measure backscattering in a long optical fiber in spite of the short coherence length of the DFB-LD.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
A Sensitive Assay for the Enzyme Activity in Hair Follicles and Epidermis that Catalyses the Peptidyl-Arginine-Citrulline Post-translational Modification (2015)

In 1977, Rogers, Harding, and Llewellyn-Smith described an enzymic activity in hair follicles which has the property of converting arginine to citrulline in situ in proteins. The protein precursor substrate in the hair follicle was identified as trichohyalin in the inner root sheath and medulla. Epidermal activity of the same kind has been described, although the natural protein substrates have not been identified. Attempts to enrich the enzyme are made difficult by the colorimetric enzyme assay which was originally devised by Rogers and Taylor but which lacks sensitivity and reproducibility. With protein substrates the formation of a citrulline product was not reliably detected below 25 nmoles. Using radioactively-labelled synthetic substrates such as N-benzoyl-L-[guanido-14C] arginine (Bz-14C-arg), the formation of only 1 nmole N-benzoyl-L-[ureido14C] citrulline (Bz-14C-cit) could be detected. In this assay, the enzyme is incubated with 1.8 mumoles Bz-14C-arg (approximately 50 microCi/mmole) for 3 hr at 37 degrees C. The protein is removed and the reaction mixture paper electrophoresed at pH 4.7. The Bz-14C-cit product separates optimally from unreacted substrate and the conversion is quantitated by radioactive counting of the appropriate regions of paper. The possibility of further improvement of the procedure is being investigated, including using other, related substrates. Using the assay, the enrichment and properties of the enzyme are under study in the richly medullated follicles of the guinea pig. The enzyme has an apparent Km of 18 mM for Bz-14C-arg and an absolute requirement for Ca2+ with a broad maximum around 10 mM. It is stable at +4 degrees C and -80 degrees C for at least four weeks and can be freeze-dried with some activity loss.
Comparison of rainfall rate duration distributions for ILE-IFE and barcelona (1992)

A comparative statistical study of durations D of rainfall rates R is presented for the temperate region of Barcelona and the tropical region of Ile-Ife (Nigeria). It is shown that the conditional distribution P(D | R) is log normal for the two regions but the mean duration is smaller for the tropical region than for the temperate one. Consideration is given to the value of D̅ for both regions, to the variability σD and to the database required for the statistical study.
Joint signaling strategies for approaching the capacity of twisted-pair channels (1998)

A technique is presented for jointly optimizing the signaling in the two directions of transmission on a twisted-pair communications channel. It is then applied to twisted-pair channel models with monotonic channel response and crosstalk transfer functions. While the signaling strategy presented in this paper can achieve only a lower bound on the true channel capacity, it is a significant improvement over existing signaling schemes. In particular, in contrast with existing schemes, the maximum information rate for the joint signaling strategy increases without bound as the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) approaches infinity. It is also shown through numerical results that the proposed signaling strategy generalizes naturally to more practical nonmonotonic twisted-pair channel models incorporating bridge taps and other nonidealities. Finally, the form of the optimal signaling strategy suggests a relatively straightforward implementation using multicarrier modulation.
30/20 GHz Band SCPC Satellite Communication Using Small Earth Stations (1983)

This paper presents a domestic satellite communication system accommodating numerous 30/20 GHz band small earth stations emphasizing the system outline, the use of multiple-access (MA) techniques. It also describes associated earth station configurations, equipment performance, and experimental results using the Japanese CS (medium capacity communications satellite for experimental purposes). Two kinds of earth stations are employed in this system, a small earth terminal (SET) and a master earth station (MES). The SET, which has an antenna about 2 m in diameter, is placed near a subscriber. The MES, which has an 11.5 m diameter antenna, is connected to the terrestrial telephone network through a satellite telephone switching center (STC). There are about 50 two-way channels with bit rates of 32 kbits/s which are achieved through the use of a 30/20 GHz band transponder whose EIRP is about 71.5 dBm, a <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">G/T</tex> of about 2.7 dB/K and an SET's antenna diameter of 1.8 m. This results in a system availability of 99.5 percent under typical Japanese statistical rain attenuation data. To enable a demand-assigned MA technique to be employed in this system, a single channel per carrier (SCPC) is selected, taking into consideration power efficiency of the SET, flexibility of system configurations, and the adaptability of the adaptive power control during rainy periods.
Molecular cloning in Escherichia coli of Erwinia chrysanthemi genes encoding multiple forms of pectate lyase (1985)

The phytopathogenic enterobacterium Erwinia chrysanthemi excretes multiple isozymes of the plant tissue-disintegrating enzyme, pectate lyase (PL). Genes encoding PL were cloned from E. chrysanthemi CUCPB 1237 into Escherichia coli HB101 by inserting Sau3A-generated DNA fragments into the BamHI site of pBR322 and then screening recombinant transformants for the ability to sink into pectate semisolid agar. Restriction mapping of the cloned DNA in eight pectolytic transformants revealed overlapping portions of a 9.8-kilobase region of the E. chrysanthemi genome. Deletion derivatives of these plasmids were used to localize the pectolytic genotype to a 2.5-kilobase region of the cloned DNA. PL gene expression in E. coli was independent of vector promoters, repressed by glucose, and not induced by galacturonan. PL accumulated largely in the periplasmic space of E. coli. An activity stain used in conjunction with ultrathin-layer isoelectric focusing resolved the PL in E. chrysanthemi culture supernatants and shock fluids of E. coli clones into multiple forms. One isozyme with an apparent pI of 7.8 was produced at a far higher level in E. coli and was common to all of the pectolytic clones. Activity staining of renatured PL in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels revealed that this isozyme comigrated with the corresponding isozyme produced by E. chrysanthemi. The PL isozyme profiles produced by different clones and deletion derivative subclones suggest that the cloned region contains at least two PL isozyme structural genes. Pectolytic E. coli clones possessed a limited ability to macerate potato tuber tissues.
A Synthesis and an X-Ray Analysis of 2'-C-, 3'-C- and 5'-C-Methylsangivamycins (1992)

3'-C, S ( @ G and S(S)-C-Methylsangivamycins (3-5) were synthesized by me bimethylsilyl bitate mediated coupling reaction of the methyl substituted ribose derivatives (7), ( 9) and (1 0) with me base moiety (1 1 ) and the successive functional group manipulation.2'-C-Methylsangivamycin (2) was synthesized by the condensation of the sodium salt of 23 with the chlorosugar (28) as me key step.The crystalline Sbucbres of C-methyisangivamycins (2-4) were determined by X-ray studies.
Helical filaments (2014)

The shaping of laser-induced filamenting plasma channels into helical structures by guiding the process with a non-diffracting beam is demonstrated. This was achieved using a Bessel beam superposition to control the phase of an ultrafast laser beam possessing intensities sufficient to induce Kerr effect driven non-linear self-focusing. Several experimental methods were used to characterize the resulting beams and confirm the observed structures are laser air filaments.
CFTR Channel Pharmacology (2004)

Investigators of anion channels are frequently heard bemoaning the absence of potent, specific inhibitors of their favorite channel. The lack of such blockers has been particularly frustrating for researchers investigating the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) Cl− channel
A New Type of Spontaneous Vinyl Monomer Polymerization in Langmuir Films (2002)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTA New Type of Spontaneous Vinyl Monomer Polymerization in Langmuir FilmsOdile Fichet and Dominique TeyssiéView Author Information Université de Cergy-Pontoise, LPME, 5, mail Gay-Lussac, Neuville-sur-Oise, 95031 Cergy-Pontoise, Cedex, France Cite this: Macromolecules 2002, 35, 14, 5352–5354Publication Date (Web):June 7, 2002Publication History Received5 February 2002Revised24 April 2002Published online7 June 2002Published inissue 1 July 2002https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma020190thttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma020190trapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2002 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views211Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Monolayers,Monomers,Polymer films,Polymerization,Thin films Get e-Alerts
Imaging system with range to each pixel (1986)

The concept has been demonstrated of using multiple sources to construct an imaging system to give range to each pixel in a wide field of view without a mechanical scanner. The receiver has a single detector that sees the entire field of view. With a diffuse reflector as a target, the system gave a range of 3 m with a range accuracy of 7.5 cm indoors when light-emitting diodes having an output of 5 mW were used as the sources. When laser diodes having an output of 15 mW were used, the maximum range outdoors in bright sunlight was 13 m with a range accuracy of 15 cm. When operation was outside but the target was shaded, the range accuracy was 7.5 cm.