gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A quick and simple FISH protocol with hybridization-sensitive fluorescent linear oligodeoxynucleotide probes (2011)

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is a powerful tool used in karyotyping, cytogenotyping, cancer diagnosis, species specification, and gene-expression analysis. Although widely used, conventional FISH protocols are cumbersome and time consuming. We have now developed a FISH method using exciton-controlled hybridization-sensitive fluorescent oligodeoxynucleotide (ECHO) probes. ECHO-FISH uses a 25-min protocol from fixation to mounting that includes no stringency washing steps. We use ECHO-FISH to detect both specific DNA and RNA sequences with multicolor probes. ECHO-FISH is highly reproducible, stringent, and compatible with other fluorescent cellular labeling techniques. The resolution allows detection of intranuclear speckles of poly(A) RNA in HeLa cells and dissociated hippocampal primary cultures, and mRNAs in the distal dendrites of hippocampal neurons. We also demonstrate detection of telomeric and centromeric DNA on metaphase mouse chromosomes. The simplicity of the ECHO-FISH method will likely accelerate cytogenetic and gene-expression analysis with high resolution.
Dapagliflozin treatment in patients with different stages of type 2 diabetes mellitus: effects on glycaemic control and body weight (2010)

Dapagliflozin treatment at 10 and 20 mg QD for 12 weeks resulted in significant improvement in glycaemic control and body weight reduction in both early-stage and late-stage patients with T2DM. The findings suggest that dapagliflozin could be a promising treatment option for a wide range of patients with T2DM.
Potential use of 52FE porphyrins as tumor scanning agents (2010)

Radioiron labelled prophyrins were tested for tumor uptake using tissue culture and animal models. The following porphyrins were tested: hematohemin; protohemin; photo-protohemin; 2-formyl-4-vinyl, 2-vinyl-4 formyl, and 2,4-diformyl deuterohemin derivatives; meso-tetra (4 carbo-xyphenyl) hemin (TCP); tetra-Na-meso-tetra (4-sulfonato-phenyl) hemin (TPPS); and meso-tetra-(4-N-methylpyridyl) hemin tetraiodide (TMPI). ⁵²Fe was produced at TRIUMF by high energy proton spallation of a nickel target. The ⁵²Fe was separated from the other spallation products by solvent extraction with methyl isobutyl acetone and ion exchange chromatography when required. Tissue culture studies using P815 mouse tumor cells showed good uptake with protohemin, TCP, or TMPI. Mouse distribution and excretion studies indicated that the target organ for TMPI was the liver (and spleen) and its biological half-life was 270 days. Animal scans using rats with breast carcenomas with ⁵²Fe labelled protohemin, TCP and TMPI showed no tumor uptake at all. The radiation dose to a human was also calculated.
A Case-Control Study of Acute Respiratory Tract Infection in General Practice Patients in The Netherlands (2005)

This study confirms that most ARTIs are viral and supports the reserved policy of prescribing antibiotics. In both case and control subjects, rhinovirus was the most common pathogen. Of bacterial infections, only group A beta-hemolytic streptococci were more common in case patients than in control subjects. Furthermore, we demonstrated that asymptomatic persons might be a neglected source of transmission.
A fast feature-based block matching algorithm using integral projections (1992)

Block-by-block motion compensation algorithms are studied for video-conference/video-telephone television signals. A fast feature-based block matching algorithm using integral projections for the motion vector estimation is proposed. The proposed algorithm reduces the motion estimation computations by a factor of two by calculating the one-dimensional cost functions rather than the two-dimensional ones. Also, the low sensitivity of the proposed algorithm to the presence of additive noise is shown experimentally. Simulation results based on the original and noisy image sequences are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Epidermal Expression of the Translation Inhibitor Programmed Cell Death 4 Suppresses Tumorigenesis (2005)

Programmed cell death 4 (Pdcd4) is a novel repressor of in vitro transformation. Pdcd4 directly inhibits the helicase activity of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A, a component of the translation initiation complex. To ascertain whether Pdcd4 suppresses tumor development in vivo, we have generated transgenic mice that overexpress Pdcd4 in the epidermis (K14-Pdcd4). K14-regulated Pdcd4 expression caused a neonatal short-hair phenotype due to early catagen entry compared with matched wild-type siblings. In response to the 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)/12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) mouse skin carcinogenesis protocol, K14-Pdcd4 mice showed significant reductions in papilloma formation, carcinoma incidence, and papilloma-to-carcinoma conversion frequency compared with wild-type mice. The translational efficiency of an mRNA engineered to form a structured 5' untranslated region (UTR) was attenuated in primary keratinocytes when Pdcd4 was overexpressed. Pdcd4 inhibited by 46% TPA-induced activator protein-1 (AP-1)-dependent transcription, an event required for tumorigenesis. CDK4 and ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) are candidates for Pdcd4-regulated translation as their mRNAs contain 5'structured UTRs. In K14-Pdcd4 primary keratinocytes expressing activated Ha-Ras to mimic DMBA-initiated epidermis, ODC and CDK4 protein levels were decreased by 40% and 46%, respectively. Expression of a protein encoded by 5' unstructured mRNA showed no change. These results extend to an in vivo model the observations that Pdcd4 inhibits both translation initiation and AP-1 activation while decreasing benign tumor development and malignant progression. The K14-Pdcd4 mice seem to validate translation initiation as a novel target for cancer prevention.
The response to bone allografts. (1992)

Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106.
Oligonucleotides Containing 2-Aminoadenine and 2-Thiothymine Act as Selectively Binding Complementary Agents (1996)

A pair of complementary oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) uniformly substituted with 2-amino-adenine (A') in place of adenine and 2-thiothymine (T') in place of thymine did not hybridize to each other but did form very stable hybrids with unmodified complementary ODNs. These unusual properties were a consequence of the hydrogen-bonding properties of the two base analogs. Thermal denaturation studies of short duplexes which contained these bases demonstrated that the A'-T and A-T' doublets formed stable base pairs whereas the A'-T' doublet acted like a mismatch. Complementary ODNs substituted with these base analogs are referred to as SBC or selectively binding complementary ODNs. When used as a pair, these single-stranded ODNs invaded the ends of homologous duplexes and formed stable three-arm junctions under conditions where unmodified ODNs failed to give a product. SBC ODNs have a fundamental thermodynamic advantage in hybridizing to short segments of double-stranded nucleic acid and represent a new approach for the design of oligomeric probes and antisense agents. Many secondary structure features present in long single-stranded nucleic acids should be accessible to these reagents.
Use of a collagen-platelet rich plasma scaffold to stimulate healing of a central defect in the canine ACL (2006)

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) of the knee fails to heal after primary repair. Here we hypothesize that a beneficial biologic repair response can be induced by placing a collagen-platelet rich plasma (collagen-PRP) material into a central ACL defect. A collagen-PRP scaffold was used to treat a central ACL defect in vivo. In the first experiment, the histologic response in treated and untreated defects was evaluated at 3 (n = 5) and 6 weeks (n = 5). In the second experiment, biomechanical testing of the treated ligaments (n = 8) was performed at 6 weeks and compared with the results of biomechanical testing of untreated defects at the same time-point (n = 6). The percentage filling of the defects in the treated ACLs was significantly higher at both the 3- and 6-week time-points when compared with the untreated contralateral control defects (50 +/- 21% vs. 2 +/- 2% at 3 weeks, and 43 +/- 11% vs. 23 +/- 11 at 6 weeks; all values mean +/- SEM. Biomechanically, the treated ACL defects had a 40% increase in strength at 6 weeks, which was significantly higher than the 14% increase in strength previously reported for untreated defects (p < 0.02). Placement of a collagen-PRP bridging scaffold in a central ACL defect can stimulate healing of the ACL histologically and biomechanically.
Structure and chromosomal localization of the human lymphotoxin gene (1985)

We have isolated, sequenced, and determined the chromosomal localization of the gene encoding human lymphotoxin (LT). The single copy gene was isolated from a human genomic library using a 32P-labeled 116 bp synthetic DNA fragment whose sequence was based on the NH2-terminal amino acid sequence of LT. The gene spans 3 kb of DNA and is interrupted by three intervening sequences. The LT gene is located on human chromosome 6, as determined by Southern blot analysis of human-murine hybrid DNA. Putative transcriptional control regions and areas of homology with the promoters of interferon and other genes are identified.
The usefulness of phage typing Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates. (1984)

Mycobacteriophage typing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates was used as an epidemiologic aid in investigating the transmission of tuberculosis in community, industrial, and institutional outbreaks. The technique was also useful in other situations, e.g., documenting congenital transmission of infection and distinguishing exogenous reinfection from endogenous reactivation. Additional studies are indicated to further explore the value of phage typing for tracking the transmission of tuberculosis in the community.
A Review of Attenuation of Influenza Viruses by Genetic Manipulation (1995)

"A Review of Attenuation of Influenza Viruses by Genetic Manipulation." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 152(4_pt_2), pp. S72–S75
A tetracycline controlled activation/repression system with increased potential for gene transfer into mammalian cells (1999)

The new system appears particularly suited for the transfer of toxic genes into appropriate chromosomal sites as well as for tight regulation of genes carried by viral or episomal vectors.
Follistatin Gene Expression in the Ovary and Extragonadal Tissues (1989)

Follistatin is a glycosylated single-chain protein originally isolated from porcine follicular fluid. It specifically inhibits the secretion of FSH from the pituitary. We have now isolated and characterized a cDNA for rat follistatin from the PMSG-stimulated ovarian library. The deduced amino acid sequence of the rat follistatin precursor is highly homologous (greater than 98%) to porcine and human follistatins including potential Asn-glycosylation sites. The genomic clone encoding rat follistatin was also isolated and revealed that the exon and intron organization of the follistatin gene structure is conserved among rat, porcine, and human. Northern analyses in rat tissues demonstrated that the follistatin gene is expressed not only in the ovary but also in the kidney and brain. In the immature rat ovary, the follistatin mRNA level is stimulated by PMSG injection (20 IU/rat), but is not affected by human CG (10 IU/rat) after PMSG administration. In situ hybridization studies revealed that the mRNA level in the ovary was low in primordial follicles, but dramatically increased in the granulosa cells of the growing secondary and tertiary follicles and then decreased in the mature preovulatory follicles. A strong follistatin mRNA signal was observed over the collecting tubules of the outer medulla of the kidney, and a weak to moderate signal was detected in brain. The broad tissue distribution of follistatin mRNA strongly suggests other physiological roles for follistatin besides the inhibition of pituitary FSH release.
Efficient DMF‐Catalyzed Coupling of Epoxides with CO2 under Solvent‐Free Conditions to Afford Cyclic Carbonates. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
The Past, Present, and Future of Pancreatic Cancer Clinical Trials (2016)

Upper gastrointestinal malignancies comprise half of the deadliest cancers as defined by those with a 5-year survival rate less than 50%. Using pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAC) as an example, we retrospectively evaluated the success of phase III clinical trials, examined the current landscape of clinical trials, and identified emerging areas that foretell the future for this disease. Pancreatic and liver cancers are on the rise and will be the second and third leading causes of cancer deaths in 2030. A total of 35 different agents or combinations have been tested in randomized phase III clinical trials for patients with advanced PAC over the past 25 years, but only 11% have been incorporated into clinical practice. There has been a 37% increase in the number of PAC trials open in the United States between 2011 to 2012 and 2014 to 2015. Enrollment has also increased slightly, from 3.85% of the newly diagnosed cases in 2011 to 4.15% in 2014. However, the demand for patients far exceeds the number of patients available for these trials. On the horizon is the realization that stratification of patients with PAC using biomarkers that predict a high probability of a response could reallocate patients to faster, smaller trials with a greater chance of a survival benefit. The current landscape of PAC clinical trials and the launch of the Pancreatic Cancer Action Network's Know Your Tumor initiative indicate this shift is starting to occur, with particular emphasis on targeted therapies, immunotherapies, and agents that disrupt the stroma.
Detection of human papilloma virus in paraffin-embedded tissue using the polymerase chain reaction. (1988)

Human papilloma virus (HPV) DNA sequences have been detected in paraffin-embedded tissue using an enzymatic in vitro amplification technique known as the polymerase chain reaction. Amplification of a HPV DNA sequence before its detection with a cDNA probe significantly increases the rapidity as well as the sensitivity of detection such that a single 5-10-micron thick paraffin-embedded tissue section can be analyzed within 24 h. The assay specifically detected HPV 16 or 18 without crossreactivity with HPV 6 or 11. As few as 20 viral copies could be detected. The rapid and sensitive analysis of HPV in normal and pathological tissues using this technique may contribute significantly to identifying the role of HPV as a risk factor in carcinoma.
Cutting Edge: A Novel Viral TNF Receptor Superfamily Member in Virulent Strains of Human Cytomegalovirus (1999)

The UL144 open reading frame found in clinical isolates of human CMV (HCMV) encodes a structural homologue of the herpesvirus entry mediator, a member of the TNFR superfamily. UL144 is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein that is expressed early after infection of fibroblasts; however, it is retained intracellularly. A YXXZ motif in the highly conserved cytoplasmic tail contributes to UL144 subcellular distribution. The finding that no known ligand of the TNF family binds UL144 suggests that its mechanism of action is distinct from other known viral immune evasion genes. Specific Abs to UL144 can be detected in the serum of a subset of HCMV seropositive individuals infected with HIV. This work establishes a novel molecular link between the TNF superfamily and herpesvirus that may contribute to the ability of HCMV to escape immune clearance.
Heart wall motion: improved method of spatial modulation of magnetization for MR imaging. (1989)

A previously reported method of using magnetic resonance (MR) imaging to study heart wall motion involves a pair of nonselective radio-frequency (RF) pulses, separated by a magnetic field gradient pulse, prior to imaging; this produces images with a regular pattern of stripes that move with the heart wall and that have a sinusoidal intensity profile. It is demonstrated in this study that the substitution of more RF pulses, with their relative amplitudes distributed according to the binomial sequence, results in sharper stripes. This permits the use of a two-dimensional grid of stripes for more detailed studies of heart wall motion and provides a unique method of analyzing regional ventricular myocardial strain.
Porphyrin-Sensitized Solar Cells with Cobalt (II/III)–Based Redox Electrolyte Exceed 12 Percent Efficiency (2011)

The iodide/triiodide redox shuttle has limited the efficiencies accessible in dye-sensitized solar cells. Here, we report mesoscopic solar cells that incorporate a Co((II/III))tris(bipyridyl)-based redox electrolyte in conjunction with a custom synthesized donor-π-bridge-acceptor zinc porphyrin dye as sensitizer (designated YD2-o-C8). The specific molecular design of YD2-o-C8 greatly retards the rate of interfacial back electron transfer from the conduction band of the nanocrystalline titanium dioxide film to the oxidized cobalt mediator, which enables attainment of strikingly high photovoltages approaching 1 volt. Because the YD2-o-C8 porphyrin harvests sunlight across the visible spectrum, large photocurrents are generated. Cosensitization of YD2-o-C8 with another organic dye further enhances the performance of the device, leading to a measured power conversion efficiency of 12.3% under simulated air mass 1.5 global sunlight.
Induction of APOBEC3 In Vivo Causes Increased Restriction of Retrovirus Infection (2009)

APOBEC3 proteins are important cellular factors that restrict infection by a number of viruses, including human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Previously, we found that the mouse APOBEC3 (mA3) restricts infection by mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) in its natural host. Dendritic cells (DCs) are the first in vivo targets of MMTV infection. In this study, we demonstrate that mA3 expressed in target cells restricts MMTV infection in DCs ex vivo and in vivo. By comparing infection of DCs from mA3(+/+) and mA3(-/-) mice with one-hit viruses, we show that mA3 expression in target cells blocked MMTV infection at a postentry step and acted together with virion-packaged mA3 to inhibit infection. Similar results were obtained upon infection of mouse DCs with HIV-1 cores pseudotyped with vesicular stomatitis virus G protein. In addition, treatment of cells or mice with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) caused increased levels of mA3 expression and rendered them resistant to MMTV infection. Alpha interferon treatment had a similar effect. This LPS-induced resistance to infection was seen only in mA3(+/+) mice and not in mA3(-/-) mice, arguing that mA3 is the major anti-MMTV restriction factor that is induced upon DC maturation. Thus, increasing the levels of this intrinsic antiretroviral factor in vivo can lead to increased levels of restriction because of higher levels of both cell-intrinsic as well as virion-packaged APOBEC3.
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of staphylococcal enterotoxins in incriminated foods and clinical specimens from outbreaks of food poisoning. (1990)

[in Japanese]
Molecular Biology of the Angiotensinogen and Kininogen Genes (1987)

In order to investigate the structures and expressions of the angiotensinogen and kininogen genes, we have isolated cDNA and genomic clones and characterized their structures. The following results were obtained. (a) The primary structures of rat and human angiotensinogens and bovine, human, and rat kininogens were determined, and they exhibit characteristic features. (b) Angiotensinogen and alpha 1-antitrypsin are related in not only protein structures but also gene organizations. (c) Angiotensinogen mRNA is synthesized not only in the liver but also in the brain, kidney, lung, adrenal gland, and ovary. (d) Angiotensinogen mRNA markedly increased in the liver but not in the brain after induction of acute inflammation. (e) Low molecular weight (LMW) and high molecular weight (HMW) kininogen mRNAs are generated from a single gene by alternative RNA processing events. (f) At least four types of kininogen mRNAs exist in rat liver. Two of them are LMW and HMW kininogen mRNAs, while the other two encode additional forms of kininogens (T-kininogens). (g) Two T-kininogen mRNAs but not LMW and HMW kininogen mRNAs dramatically increased after induction of acute inflammation, and T-kininogen turned out to be identical to alpha 1-major acute phase protein. (h) Kininogens have multifunctional domains; an amino-terminal domain for cystein proteinase inhibitor, a bradykinin moiety, and in the case of HMW kininogen a carboxyl-terminal domain for a cofactor of blood coagulation.
BRAF V600E and TERT Promoter Mutations Cooperatively Identify the Most Aggressive Papillary Thyroid Cancer With Highest Recurrence (2014)

Coexisting BRAF V600E and TERT C228T mutations form a novel genetic background that defines PTC with the worst clinicopathologic outcomes, providing unique prognostic and therapeutic implications.
Pathogenesis of the Atherosclerotic Lesion: Implications for diabetes mellitus (1992)

In this review, we have highlighted pivotal cellular and molecular events in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. Key components of lesion initiation are an enhanced focal intimal influx and accumulation of lipoproteins, including LDL in hemodynamically determined lesion-prone areas, focal monocyte-macrophage recruitment, intimal generation of ROS, and oxidative modification of lipoproteins (including LDL [Ox-LDL]). Modified lipoproteins are taken up by the non-downregulating macrophage scavenger receptor, with foam cell formation and the development of the so-called fatty streak. One transitional event in lesion progression is foam cell necrosis, likely attributable to the cytotoxicity of both intimal free radicals and Ox-LDL, with development of an extracellular metabolically inert lipid core. Another is the migration to and proliferation within the intima of medial SMCs, leading to the synthesis of plaque collagens, elastin, and proteoglycans. Mural thrombosis plays a significant role in the late-stage progression of lesions. Regression of lesions is considered a function of the dynamic balance among components of initiation, progression, plaque stabilization, and removal of plaque constituents--the so-called regression quartet. Here, we critically examine how components of diabetes mellitus might impact not only lesion development, but also lesion regression. It is concluded that some components of diabetes mellitus augment key mechanisms in lesion initiation and progression and will likely retard the processes of plaque regression. Specifically, we focus on the various influences of diabetes mellitus on lipoprotein influx and accumulation, free radical generation and Ox-LDL, monocyte-macrophage recruitment, thrombosis and impaired fibrinolysis, and the reverse cholesterol transport system. The importance of nonenzymatic protein glycosylation in modifying a number of these processes is emphasized.
Volume-CAD: An Integrated Environment for Virtual Manufacturing and Structural Analysis (2007)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.