gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Herbicide Safener-Inducible Gene Expression in Arabidopsis thaliana (1997)

The potential use of a new chemical-inducible gene expression system in Arabidopsis thaliana has been examined. The system is based on the maize In2-2 promoter which is activated by benzenesulfonamide herbicide safeners. Plants transformed with the beta-glucuronidase (gus) reporter gene under the control of the In2-2 promoter were grown in the presence of different safeners and the induced GUS activity pattern was studied histochemically. In the absence of safeners, the In2-2 promoter was not active. Application of different safeners induced distinct gus expression patterns, including expression in the root, hydathodes, and the shoot apical meristem. Plants maintained continuously on inducing concentrations of the safeners were retarded in growth. The growth inhibition effects of the Sa5 safener could be overcome in a sulfonylurea-resistant background. In2-2 promoter activity could also be induced by the sulfonylurea herbicide chlorsulfuron. In the sulfonylurea-resistant background, which derives from herbicide-resistant acetolactate synthase activity, induction of the In2-2 promoter by chlorsulfuron was lower. Furthermore, branched-chain amino acids, known to inhibit acetolactate synthase activity, also induced In2-2 promoter activity. Our data suggest a strong correlation between In2-2 expression and inhibition of the acetolactate synthase activity.
ReCompAc: Reconfigurable compute accelerator (2013)

This paper presents a promising technique for accelerating frequently executed (hot) code regions. Unlike most accelerators which utilize dedicated hardware structures, our architecture exploits the available execution resources of a chip multiprocessor (CMP), while dynamically specializing into a reconfigurable compute accelerator. Execution units available in one or more general purpose cores are placed close to each other on the chip. An additional reconfigurable switched network is used to couple these units and to specialize the functionality of the accelerator for the hot code regions. The available general purpose hardware in cores executes memory instructions, feeds and controls the accelerator. Moreover, the CMP supports core fusion, and while fusing cores resources it allows for more aggressive memory processing for memory intensive applications. The dynamic specialization of available execution resources increases the performance and efficiency of CMP, while requiring minimal hardware modifications. Our initial results indicate a speedup of 7× compared to a general purpose execution.
Problems in use of supported liquid‐phase catalysts in fluidized bed reactors (1992)

Abstract Since SLP catalysts can become irreversibly deactivated due to evaporation of the solvent used to prepare the contacts, a saturation technique is proposed to stabilize the catalysts' activity. Application of this technique requires isothermal reaction conditions which can be achieved directly in fluidized bed reactors. Although the fluidization properties of SLP catalysts are mainly determined by interparticle forces, it can be shown that this type of reactor is suitable for an SLP‐catalyzed gas reaction provided that a number of prerequisites are fulfilled. Taking a hydroformylation reaction catalyzed by an Rh complex dissolved in dimethyl glycol phthalate as an example, it is demonstrated that the activity of the prepared SLP catalyst can, indeed, be stabilized by saturation of the reactant gas mixture with the employed solvent.
Molecular design of a eukaryotic messenger RNA and its chemical synthesis (1992)

A designed mRNA consisting of 42 ribonucleotides having the cap structure was synthesized. The capped leader sequence of the brome mosaic virus (BMV) mRNA 4, m7G5'pppGUAUUAAUA (F-1), was synthesized by the phosphotriester method and followed by the capping reaction. A 32-mer consisting of an initiation codon (AUG), the coding region corresponding to a bacterial pheromone cAD1 and two stop codons, was constructed by the 18-mer (F-2) and 14-mer (F-3), which were synthesized by the phosphoramidite method. 2'-,3'-O-Methoxymethylene-guanosine 5'-phosphate was condensed with F-3 using P1-2',3'-O-methoxymethyleneguanosine-5'-yl P2-adenosine-5'-yl pyrophosphate (9) with T4 RNA ligase. The chemically synthesized RNA fragments were ligated successively with T4 RNa ligase to afford the whole RNA molecule.
Photovoltage Characterization of MOS Capacitors. (1977)

Surface photovoltage, capacitance and conductance measurements have been made on various metal-oxide-semi-conductor (MOS) capacitors fabricated on p-type Si wafers. Curves of photovoltage plotted against dc sample bias are found to exhibit structure arising from surface state effects which correlates well with that observed in the C-V/G-V curves. In the region near the middle of the Si bandgap the surface state density can be reduced by about an order of magnitude by annealing. An equivalent circuit approach is used to relate the photovoltage to the electrical parameters. (Author)
Endothelial preserving actions of a nitric oxide donor in carotid arterial intimal injury. (1994)

We examined the actions of a nitric oxide donor, CAS754, in a rat model of carotid artery intimal injury. Seven days following injury, the injured carotid arteries were studied for endothelial release of nitric oxide (NO) and for histological measurement of the intimal/medial (I/M) ratio. Basal release of NO was assessed by NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME)-induced vasocontraction. L-NAME contracted injured rat carotid artery rings about 27% of that obtained in control rats (p < 0.01). However, CAS754 given at 30 mcg/day i.v. resulted in a L-NAME contraction of twice that of vehicle-treated rats (p < 0.01). A control compound lacking the NO moiety (C-3934) yielded a contraction to L-NAME comparable to untreated injured rats. We also tested the ability of rat carotid artery rings to relax to the endothelium-dependent vasodilators, acetylcholine and A23187. ACh (10 mcM) relaxed carotid artery rings only about 20% of control values in vehicle-treated and in C-3934-treated rats, compared with a vasorelaxation of over 80% of control in CAS754-treated rats (p < 0.01). Relaxation to acidified NaNO2 (100 mcM) was not significantly different among any of the groups of carotid arteries, indicating normal vascular smooth muscle responses following intimal injury. Morphometric assessment of carotid arteries isolated from injured rats given either vehicle or C-3934 showed marked intimal thickening with an average intimal/medial (I/M) ratio of 0.79 +/- 0.05 and 0.73 +/- 0.06, respectively, compared with 0.10 +/- 0.02 in non-injured arteries.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Direct Catalytic Asymmetric Aldol-Tishchenko Reaction (2004)

A direct catalytic asymmetric aldol reaction of propionate equivalent was achieved via the aldol-Tishchenko reaction. Coupling an irreversible Tishchenko reaction to a reversible aldol reaction overcame the retro-aldol reaction problem and thereby afforded the products in high enantio and diastereoselectivity using 10 mol % of the asymmetric catalyst. A variety of ketones and aldehydes, including propyl and butyl ketones, were coupled efficiently, yielding the corresponding aldol-Tishchenko products in up to 96% yield and 95% ee. Diastereoselectivity was generally below the detection limit of 1H NMR (>98:2). Preliminary studies performed to clarify the mechanism revealed that the aldol products were racemic with no diastereoselectivity. On the other hand, the Tishchenko products were obtained in a highly enantiocontrolled manner.
EBV-related disease following haematopoietic stem cell transplantation with reduced intensity conditioning (2007)

The use of reduced intensity regimens has decreased early mortality following stem cell transplantation. However, the increased immunosuppression following these protocols results in profound and often prolonged lymphopenia, resulting in an increased incidence of viral reactivation. We and others have observed a high incidence of EBV viraemia and post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) following reduced-intensity conditioning regimens, reflecting the delayed recovery of EBV-specific immunity after such transplants. The clinical and histological features at presentation are similar to that seen after conventional intensity conditioning. Given the increasing use of reduced intensity conditioning (RIC) transplants, we review the risk factors for EBV related disease following transplantation with RIC, the potential for pre-emptive therapy of PTLD based on monitoring EBV viraemia and management options in such patients.
Anxiety syndromes and their relationship to depressive illness. (1983)

The DSM-III categories of anxiety disorder are reviewed, and a study of anxiety symptoms in subjects with RDC-defined major depression is described. Anxiety appears to be common in major depression; 29% of the sample studied had a history of panic attacks, and moderate psychic anxiety was reported in 62%. Analysis by depressive subtypes showed no differences for the bipolar/unipolar distinction. However, significant differences in anxiety symptoms were seen in the primary vs. secondary and, more strikingly, endogenous vs. nonendogenous categories. The presence/severity of anxiety symptoms thus appears to be an important factor in the clinical management of major depression and may eventually serve as a guide to choosing among the increasing number of available antidepressant medications.
HOXB13:IL17BR and molecular grade index and risk of breast cancer death among patients with lymph node-negative invasive disease (2013)

Abstract Introduction Studies have shown that a two-gene ratio ( HOXB13:IL17BR ) and a five-gene ( BUB1B, CENPA, NEK2, RACGAP1, RRM2 ) molecular grade index (MGI) are predictive of clinical outcomes among early-stage breast cancer patients. In an independent population of lymph node-negative breast cancer patients from a community hospital setting, we evaluated the performance of two risk classifiers that have been derived from these gene signatures combined, MGI+ HOXB13:IL17BR and the Breast Cancer Index (BCI). Methods A case-control study was conducted among 4,964 Kaiser Permanente patients diagnosed with node-negative invasive breast cancer from 1985 to 1994 who did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy. For 191 cases (breast cancer deaths) and 417 matched controls, archived tumor tissues were available and analyzed for expression levels of the seven genes of interest and four normalization genes by RT-PCR. Logistic regression methods were used to estimate the relative risk (RR) and 10-year absolute risk of breast cancer death associated with prespecified risk categories for MGI+ HOXB13:IL17BR and BCI. Results Both MGI+ HOXB13:IL17BR and BCI classified over half of all ER-positive patients as low risk. The 10-year absolute risks of breast cancer death for ER-positive, tamoxifen-treated patients classified in the low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups were 3.7% (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.9% to 5.4%), 5.9% (95% CI 3.0% to 8.6%), and 12.9% (95% CI 7.9% to 17.6%) by MGI+ HOXB13:IL17BR and 3.5% (95% CI 1.9% to 5.1%), 7.0% (95% CI 3.8% to 10.1%), and 12.9% (95% CI 7.1% to 18.3%) by BCI. Those for ER-positive, tamoxifen-untreated patients were 5.7% (95% CI 4.0% to 7.4%), 13.8% (95% CI 8.4% to 18.9%), and 15.2% (95% CI 9.4% to 20.5%) by MGI+ HOXB13:IL17BR and 5.1% (95% CI 3.6% to 6.6%), 18.6% (95% CI 10.8% to 25.7%), and 17.5% (95% CI 11.1% to 23.5%) by BCI. After adjusting for tumor size and grade, the RRs of breast cancer death comparing high- versus low-risk categories of both classifiers remained elevated but were attenuated for tamoxifen-treated and tamoxifen-untreated patients. Conclusion Among ER-positive, lymph node-negative patients not treated with adjuvant chemotherapy, MGI+ HOXB13:IL17BR and BCI were associated with risk of breast cancer death. Both risk classifiers appeared to provide risk information beyond standard prognostic factors.
Humanized antibodies as potential drugs for therapeutic use. (2000)

Antibodies have been used therapeutically to treat a variety of clinical conditions. The introduction of monoclonal antibodies (mAb) and, recently, engineered antibodies has greatly refined and expanded the therapeutic potential of this modality of treatment. Expanded use will depend on improvement in their efficacy (affinity and specificity), demonstration of their safety, and reduction of their immunogenicity depending on the size, suboptimal biodistribution and pharmacokinetics. To surmount these problems the molecules have to be redesigned and the basic issues of how monoclonal antibodies kill cells reinvestigated. The review will survey the literature for humanized antibodies in clinical trials and the perspective of the use of mAbs or engineered antibodies in clinical practice.
Influence of improved FcRn binding on the subcutaneous bioavailability of monoclonal antibodies in cynomolgus monkeys (2012)

Engineering monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with improved binding to the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) is a strategy that can extend their in vivo half-life and slow their systemic clearance. Published reports have predominantly characterized the pharmacokinetics of mAbs after intravenous administration. Recently, studies in mice suggest FcRn may also play a role in affecting the subcutaneous bioavailability of mAbs. Herein, we examined whether five mAbs engineered with the T250Q/M428L Fc mutations that improved their FcRn interactions, and subsequently their in vivo pharmacokinetics after intravenous administration, had improved subcutaneous bioavailability compared with their wild-type counterparts in cynomolgus monkeys. Similar to the intravenous administration findings, the pharmacokinetic profiles of our variant mAbs after subcutaneous injection showed improved half-life or clearance. In contrast, a clear effect was not observed on the subcutaneous bioavailability. We expect that while FcRn may play a role in determining mAb subcutaneous bioavailability, multiple biopharmaceutical and physiological factors are likely to influence the success of engineering strategies aimed at targeting this pathway for improving bioavailability.
Immunology Methods Manual: The Comprehensive Sourcebook of Techniques (1997)

Volumes 1-4: Section Headings & Editors: Volume 1: A. Traunecker, Expression of Recombinant Proteins. J. Adair, Engineered Molecules. M. Kopf, Gene Targeting. G.E. Wu, Monitoring V(D)J Rearrangement. M.V. Wiles, The Art of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). H.-J. Thiesen, Transcriptional Gene Regulation in B and T Cells. J.A. Garcia-Sanz, mRNA Expression. R. Nezlin, Antigen, Antibody and Immune Complexes. Volume 2: H-G. Rammensee, MHC Ligands and Peptide Binding. S. Weiss, Screening of T and B Cell Epitopes. C.J. Paige, Development of Cells of the B Lineage. A. Rolink, Ex vivo and in vitro Methods to Study B Lymphopoiesis in Mouse and Man. R. Benner, Modulation of the Humoral Immune Response and Its Measurement. C. Martinez-A., Signaling Pathways and Lymphocyte Cell Repertoires. Volume 3: K.-U. Hartmann, Immunohistological Tools. F. McConnell, Lymphocytes as Single Cells. J. Quintans, Lymphoid Lines as Models for Physiological Cell Death. B.A. Imhof, Leukocyte Migration and Adhesion. S.A. Berger, Mast Cells. M.H. Kosco-Vilbois, Dendritic Cells of Mice and Humans. A. Augustin and G.-K. Sim, Isolation of Lymphocytes from Non-Lymphoid Tissues. H. Tlaskalova-Hogenova and J. Sterzl, Gnotobiological Models. M.P. Hazenberg, Interaction of Peptidoglycan-polysaccharides from the Human Intestinal Flora Bacteria and the Immune System. A. Toivanen and P. Toivanen, Rheumatology in Relation to Immune Response and Microbes. H. Wekerle, Experimental Models of Organ-specific Autoimmunity (Nervous System). L. Adorini, Experimental Models of Autoimmune Diseases. Volume 4: J.J.M. van Dongen, Immunodiagnosis of B-Cell Malignancies. R. Zinkernagel and H. Hengartner, Immune Responses Against VSV, LCMV and Vaccinia Virus In Vivo and In Vitro. J.L. Hurwitz, HIV and the Immune Response. W.R. Hein, In Vivo Techniques of Experimental Immunology in Sheep. W.R. Hein and P. Griebel, In Vitro Techniques of Experimental Immunology in Sheep. O. Vainio, Experimental Immunology in Chickens. L. Du Pasquier, Cold-Blooded Vertebrates. J.J.M. van Dongen and P.J.M. Leenan, Leukocyte Markers and the CD Nomenclature. Subject Index included in each volume.
Fiber-Optic Shape Sensing and Distributed Strain Measurements on a Morphing Chevron (2006)

Boeing has recently flight tested a Variable Geometry Chevron (VGC) system which used shape memory alloy (NiTinol) actuators to drive changes in shape. At take off, the VGCs immersed into the fan stream to reduce jet noise; at cruise they were actively morphed to investigate shock cell noise and performance losses. A set of three strain gages mounted on each chevron provided estimates of its tip position (shape) and feedback to the on-board control system. During the development of the VGC flight system, Luna Innovations instrumented two VGC test articles with shape probes, a new technology in which multi-core fiber provides distributed and axially co-located differential strain measurements to generate complex shape data. This technology shows promise of providing a more direct correlation of NiTinol actuation to chevron shape and tip immersion. Additionally, Luna Innovations instrumented each VGC with high density distributed strain fiber to provide hundreds of discrete strain measurements over the surface of the chevron.
Lipopeptide Derivatives of Bacterial Lipoprotein Constitute Potent Immune Adjuvants Combined with or Covalently Coupled to Antigen or Hapten (1989)

Lipopeptide analogues of the N-terminus of bacterial lipoprotein consisting of N-palmitoyl-S-[2,3-bis(palmitoyloxy)-(2RS)-propyl]-(R)-cysteine (Pam3Cys) attached to one to five further amino acids [Pam3Cys-Ser-Ser-Asn-Ala, Pam3Cys-Ser-(Lys)4, Pam3Cys-Ala-Gly, and Pam3Cys-Ser] were investigated for biological activity. In vitro, the compounds proved to be potent activators for Balb/c splenocytes as determined by proliferation assays. When given in vivo in combination with SRBC, Pam3Cys-Ser and Pam3Cys-Ala-Gly acted as immunoadjuvants enhancing the antigen specific IgM response after 7, and the IgG response after 14 days. In combination with dinitrophenylated bovine serum albumin (BSA(Dnp)), especially the amphiphilic and water-soluble lipohexapeptide Pam3Cys-Ser-(Lys)4 constituted a potent immune adjuvant. The lipopeptide was able to fully replace Freund's complete adjuvant (FCS) enhancing both anti-Dnp IgM and IgG in Balb/c mice. The hapten Dnp was also coupled directly--or via the spacer molecule 1,6-diaminohexane (HMD)--to the synthetic lipopeptides. The chemically defined low-molecular-mass conjugates obtained were capable of inducing anti-hapten-specific IgM and IgG without further adjuvants or carriers. The anti-hapten responses induced by these chemically uniform lipopeptide-hapten conjugates were, however, less pronounced than the response to the conventional heterogeneous hapten-protein conjugate BSA(Dnp), and only a weak boost effect was observed. Our results show that defined lipopeptides are novel immunoadjuvants either combined with or covalently linked to antigens or haptens.
PREVENTIVE EFFECTS OF GREEN TEA ON RENAL STONE FORMATION AND THE ROLE OF OXIDATIVE STRESS IN NEPHROLITHIASIS (2005)

The inhibitory effect of green tea on calcium oxalate urolithiasis is most likely due to antioxidative effects.
Targeting post-transcriptional control for drug discovery (2009)

Post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms, dependent on specific RNA:RNA, RNA:protein, or protein:protein interactions that generate large numbers of different RNP constellations, can have sizeable effects on the expression of any given gene. At the mRNA-specific level, these mechanisms also provide numerous novel targets for small molecule drugs capable of enhancing or inhibiting the accumulation of specific proteins. Here, we describe two drug screening technologies that target the post-transcriptional regulation of specific mRNAs with specific small molecules. In one case the GEMS technology utilizes mRNA-specific 5'- and 3'-UTR pairs to identify compounds that reduce protein production as a consequence of the UTRs. The second example utilizes nonsense-containing mRNAs to identify compounds capable of promoting therapeutic nonsense suppression. Both programs have yielded drug candidates that are presently in clinical testing for human diseases with high unmet clinical needs, thus illustrating the therapeutic potential of targeting post-transcriptional control.
Experimental Performance of MPPT Algorithm for Photovoltaic Sources Subject to Inhomogeneous Insolation (2009)

Photovoltaic (PV) power system performance depends on local irradiance conditions. PV systems are sometimes subject to partial shading, which may produce a nonideal characteristic curve, presenting true and local power maxima in the P -I curve. Traditional maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms can converge to local maximum, which is not the true MPP. In order to solve the problem, this paper investigates the effects of nonuniform solar irradiance distribution on a PV source. An MPPT algorithm that is able to optimize the source instantaneous operating power under nonuniform irradiance is proposed. The ability of the algorithm and its increased performance with respect to traditional algorithms are evaluated by means of experimental tests performed on a real PV power system.
An Approach to Detect Malicious Behaviors by Evading Stalling Code (2012)

Since malwares contain stalling codes, malicious behaviors can’t be detected in emulated analysis environment. This paper proposes an approach to detect malicious behaviors by evade stalling codes. First, we executed a malware in the emulated analysis environment, and saved every executed instruction in a trace file; Second, we began to detect stalling codes with the trace file, and constructed stalling code evasive points; At last, we executed the malware again and evade stalling codes with the evasive points, and then the malicious behaviors detected. It has been proven by experiments that the approach can evade stalling codes to detect the later malware behaviors effectively, and improve the performance of detecting the malicious behaviors in the emulated analysis environment. DOI:  http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v10i7.1573 Full Text: PDF
Temperature, a Simple and Efficient Tool for the Control of Pore Size Distribution in Macroporous Polymers (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTemperature, a Simple and Efficient Tool for the Control of Pore Size Distribution in Macroporous PolymersFrantisek Svec and Jean M. J. FrechetCite this: Macromolecules 1995, 28, 22, 7580–7582Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00126a044https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00126a044research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1280Altmetric-Citations205LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts