gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Generative Models for Pose Transfer (2018)

We investigate nearest neighbor and generative models for transferring pose between persons. We take in a video of one person performing a sequence of actions and attempt to generate a video of another person performing the same actions. Our generative model (pix2pix) outperforms k-NN at both generating corresponding frames and generalizing outside the demonstrated action set. Our most salient contribution is determining a pipeline (pose detection, face detection, k-NN based pairing) that is effective at perform-ing the desired task. We also detail several iterative improvements and failure modes.
<title>Learning target masks in infrared linescan imagery</title> (1997)

In this paper we propose a neural network based method for the automatic detection of ground targets in airborne infrared linescan imagery. Instead of using a dedicated feature extraction stage followed by a classification procedure, we propose the following three step scheme: In the first step of the recognition process, the input image is decomposed into its pyramid representation, thus obtaining a multiresolution signal representation. At the lowest three levels of the Laplacian pyramid a neural network filter of moderate size is trained to indicate the target location. The last step consists of a fusion process of the several neural network filters to obtain the final result. To perform this fusion we use a belief network to combine the various filter outputs in a statistical meaningful way. In addition, the belief network allows the integration of further knowledge about the image domain. By applying this multiresolution recognition scheme, we obtain a nearly scale- and rotational invariant target recognition with a significantly decreased false alarm rate compared with a single resolution target recognition scheme.
FTIR Study of CO Oxidation on Au/TiO2 at 90 K and Room Temperature. An Insight into the Nature of the Reaction Centers (2000)

An FTIR study of CO adsorption and oxidation on Au/TiO2 is reported. At 90 K different CO−18O2 interactions have been performed, with preadsorbed carbon monoxide or preadsorbed isotopically labeled oxygen, with dry or wet carbon monoxide. From the experimental results it can be inferred that (i) at 90 K carbon monoxide and oxygen are molecularly adsorbed on gold particles, (ii) the reaction occurs if carbon monoxide is preadsorbed (it is almost completely inhibited if oxygen is preadsorbed), and (iii) the reaction occurs more easily in the presence of water. It is proposed that dissociation of oxygen is needed in order to observe the oxidation reaction.
Histomorphometric description of allograft bone remodeling and union in a canine segmental femoral defect model: A comparison of rhBMP‐2, cancellous bone graft, and absorbable collagen sponge (2001)

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein type 2 (rhBMP-2) on the histomorphometry of femoral allograft-host bone union and allograft remodeling. A 6 cm mid-diaphyseal femoral defect was created and filled with an allograft stabilized with an interlocking nail in 21 dogs. Dogs were randomly divided into three equal groups and the allograft-host bone junctions and the mid-diaphyses of the allografts were treated with either an absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) loaded with rhBMP-2 (BMP group), an autogenous cancellous bone graft (CBG group), or ACS loaded with buffer solution (ACS group). All dogs received daily tetracycline until sacrifice at 24 weeks to label new bone formation. Histomorphometric analyses on sections of proximal and distal allograft-host bone junctions and the mid-diaphyseal portion of allografts were performed using fluorescent and regular light microscopy. Analyses of the host bone and junctions between allograft and host bone revealed significantly greater new bone formation and larger osteon radii in the BMP group compared to CBG and ACS groups and contralateral intact bone. Porosity in CBG and ACS groups was significantly higher than in the BMP group, which had similar values to intact bone. In transverse sections of allografts, the largest pore diameters were present in the CBG group. Based on all parameters measured, significantly higher bone turnover occurred in the outer cortical area of the allograft in all groups as compared to the inner cortical and mid-cortical areas. New bone formation and osteon radius/osteon width in allografts were similar for all three groups. Higher porosity and larger pore diameters in the CBG and ACS groups suggested higher bone resorption versus formation in these groups compared to the BMP group. The results of this study reveal more balanced allograft bone resorption and bone formation in the BMP group, with greater resorptive activity in the CBG and ACS groups. However, neither rhBMP-2 nor autogenous bone graft increased allograft incorporation when compared to the negative control (ACS group).
Short-Time Fractional Fourier Transform and Its Applications (2009)

The fractional Fourier transform (FRFT) is a potent tool to analyze the chirp signal. However, it fails in locating the fractional Fourier domain (FRFD)-frequency contents which is required in some applications. The short-time fractional Fourier transform (STFRFT) is proposed to solve this problem. It displays the time and FRFD-frequency information jointly in the short-time fractional Fourier domain (STFRFD). Two aspects of its performance are considered: the 2-D resolution and the STFRFD support. The time-FRFD-bandwidth product (TFBP) is defined to measure the resolvable area and the STFRFD support. The optimal STFRFT is obtained with the criteria that maximize the 2-D resolution and minimize the STFRFD support. Its inverse transform, properties and computational complexity are presented. Two applications are discussed: the estimations of the time-of-arrival (TOA) and pulsewidth (PW) of chirp signals, and the STFRFD filtering. Simulations verify the validity of the proposed algorithms.
Facilitation of skilled finger movements by repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation (RPMS) – a new approach in central paresis (2003)

A new therapeutic method for the rehabilitation of central paresis of the upper extremity, especially of fine skilled finger movements, is presented. The therapeutic concept is the activation of reorganization processes in the CNS. These processes are elicited by the induction of proprioceptive input to the CNS which corresponds physiologically to the lost input during active movements. The input is generated by repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation (RPMS) at the innervation zone of the paretic muscles. The stimulation leads to a motion of the activated muscles. The proprioceptive input is generated by two mechanisms: adequately by activation of mechanoreceptors of the stimulated muscles during the induced contractions and relaxations and inadequately by direct activation of the involved sensorimotor afferents. The method has been applied to 52 patients suffering from spastic paresis of the upper extremity. A simple clinical quantification using the Ashworth scale revealed that spasticity could be remarkably (1-2 points) reduced already by one session of RPMS lasting 15 minutes. In order to get an objective insight into the improvement of active motor performances, a neurophysiological investigation of active finger extensions was performed in eight patients suffering from a central hemiparesis. Following RPMS of the paretic finger extensors, the patients could perform rapid finger extensions with larger displacement and velocity at diminished amounts of EMG activity.
How to design casing strings for horizontal wells (1989)

Casing loads in an extended reach well or a horizontal well are no different than those developed in a conventional oil or gas well. There is, however, a distinct difference in the magnitude of those loads. Because of this difference, casing string design for these applications frequently requires structural considerations such as bending and torque. These factors may overshadow more traditional design parameters of internal yield, collapse, and tension. This article presents points to consider when developing a casing design for a horizontal well. These include: the axial and torque loads can be estimated for extended reach and horizontal wells by analyzing the separate intervals; relationships can be developed for the various parameters which facilitate casing string design and understanding; and the pick up, set down, and neutral states produce sufficiently different load magnitudes to warrant analysis of each separately. As with casing string design and analysis for the conventional well, relationships can be developed among the various parameters for horizontal and extended reach strings. Understanding these relationships may simplify the design process as well as allow the engineer to better tailor the design to the application.
Availability and Use of Internet-based Library Services among Lecturers in Selected Polytechnics in Ogun State Nigeria (2018)

The Internet has become a vital tool in teaching, research and learning process in Nigeria higher institutions and across the whole world. Research has indicated that most users tend to begin their information searches via the internet, using various search engine such as Google, Wikipedia etc. rather than using WebPAC or Card catalogue in the library. For such users, a visit to their library is unnecessary and a waste of precious time. This has led to a great challenge in the academic libraries. This study investigate the Availability and Use of Internet Base Library Services among Lecturers in Selected Polytechnic in Ogun State Nigeria. Descriptive research design was used in this study, with the use of a structured questionnaires. The population of the study comprises all lecturers from Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro, Moshood Abiola Polytechnic and Gateway Polytechnic in Ogun State. The population to be studied is 548, due to the large number of the sample size, stratified random sampling techniques will be used to select 155. The researcher employs the use of table, frequency distribution (bar and percentages) and simple percentage for data interpretation. The study revealed that Internet-based library services are available in the polytechnics and the most frequently highly used Internet-based library resources by the lecturers are for access to OPAC/WEBPAC, e-journals, e-mails and for access to online current awareness services in the library. Also the table revealed that polytechnic lecturer’s in Ogun State do not use the internet-based resources provided to them in the library for instructional purposes and for online lectures with students.
Silk Polymers (1993)

Silks are produced by the more than 30,000 known species of spider [1], and by most of the 113,000 species in the insect order Lepidoptera [2]. In addition, silks are produced by members of several other insect orders [3]. For every silk that has been characterized in any detail, over 1000 uncharacterized silks are known to exist
Early Onset Neonatal Sepsis: The Burden of Group B Streptococcal and E. coli Disease Continues (2011)

In the era of intrapartum chemoprophylaxis to reduce GBS, rates of EO infection have declined but reflect a continued burden of disease. GBS remains the most frequent pathogen in term infants, and E coli the most significant pathogen in preterm infants. Missed opportunities for GBS prevention continue. Prevention of E coli sepsis, especially among preterm infants, remains a challenge.
Translational Control of Glial Glutamate Transporter EAAT2 Expression (2006)

Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. Its activity is carefully modulated in the synaptic cleft by glutamate transporters. The glial glutamate transporter EAAT2 is the main mediator of glutamate clearance. Reduced EAAT2 function could lead to accumulation of extracellular glutamate, resulting in a form of cell death known as excitotoxicity. In amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Alzheimer disease, EAAT2 protein levels are significantly decreased in affected areas. EAAT2 mRNA levels, however, remain constant, indicating that alterations in EAAT2 expression are due to disturbances at the post-transcriptional level. In the present study, we found that some EAAT2 transcripts contained 5'-untranslated regions (5'-UTRs) greater than 300 nucleotides. The mRNAs that bear long 5'-UTRs are often regulated at the translational level. We tested this possibility initially in a primary astrocyte line that constantly expressed an EAAT2 transcript containing the 565-nt 5'-UTR and found that translation of this transcript was regulated by many extracellular factors, including corticosterone and retinol. Moreover, many disease-associated insults affected the efficiency of translation of this transcript. Importantly, this translational regulation of EAAT2 occurred in vivo (i.e. both in primary cortical neurons-astrocytes mixed cultures and in mice). These results indicate that expression of EAAT2 protein is highly regulated at the translational level and also suggest that translational regulation may play an important role in the differential EAAT2 protein expression under normal and disease conditions.
Open Pelvic Fractures (1982)

Open pelvic fracture is a devastating injury with a reported 50% mortality rate from massive bleeding and pelvic sepsis. Utilizing a graded approach to management of hemorrhage that included wound packing, anti-shock trousers, angiographic embolization, and hemipelvectomy, we controlled bleeding in all but one of the 35 patients in this series. Patients lost an average of 15 units of blood. The overall survival rate was 94.5% in this series, with one death each from hemorrhage and head injury. Prevention of invasive infection by a diverting colostomy in patients with buttock wounds or perineal wounds was stressed, while anterior soft-tissue wound were managed selectively. Debridement and frequent dressing changes under anesthesia were necessary to prevent and/or treat soft-tissue infection. Associated injuries occur commonly with genitourinary and peripheral nerve trauma and account for the majority of the long-term morbidity.
Vaginal suppositories containingLactobacillus acidophilus: development and characterization (2014)

Hollow-type suppositories showed to be promising delivery vehicles for vaginal delivery of probiotics.
Framework for the Statistical Shape Analysis of Brain Structures using SPHARM-PDM. (2006)

Shape analysis has become of increasing interest to the neuroimaging community due to its potential to precisely locate morphological changes between healthy and pathological structures. This manuscript presents a comprehensive set of tools for the computation of 3D structural statistical shape analysis. It has been applied in several studies on brain morphometry, but can potentially be employed in other 3D shape problems. Its main limitations is the necessity of spherical topology.The input of the proposed shape analysis is a set of binary segmentation of a single brain structure, such as the hippocampus or caudate. These segmentations are converted into a corresponding spherical harmonic description (SPHARM), which is then sampled into a triangulated surfaces (SPHARM-PDM). After alignment, differences between groups of surfaces are computed using the Hotelling T(2) two sample metric. Statistical p-values, both raw and corrected for multiple comparisons, result in significance maps. Additional visualization of the group tests are provided via mean difference magnitude and vector maps, as well as maps of the group covariance information.The correction for multiple comparisons is performed via two separate methods that each have a distinct view of the problem. The first one aims to control the family-wise error rate (FWER) or false-positives via the extrema histogram of non-parametric permutations. The second method controls the false discovery rate and results in a less conservative estimate of the false-negatives.
Expression of cell adhesion molecules in the salivary and lacrimal glands of Sjogren's syndrome (1993)

We attempted to determine whether cell adhesion molecules, including vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and E-selectin (endothelial-leukocyte adhesion molecule-1; ELAM-1), are involved in the lymphoid cell infiltration of the salivary and lacrimal glands in Sjogren's syndrome (SS) patients. Both immunohistochemical analysis and the reverse-transcripts polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to analyze the expression of VCAM-1, ICAM-1, ELAM-1, very late antigen 4 (VLA-4 [alpha 4,beta 1]), lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta). Immunohistochemical analysis of salivary gland biopsies from SS patients showed a marked expression of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 in the venules surrounded by infiltrated CD4+ CD45RO+ T cells. E-selectin was expressed on vascular endothelium with weak intensity. Increased levels of VCAM-1, ICAM-1, IFN-gamma, and IL-1 beta mRNA were demonstrated by RT-PCR, whereas E-selectin mRNA were weakly expressed in SS lacrimal and salivary gland tissues. This is in contrast with strong expression of ELAM-1 in IL-1 beta-stimulated human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVEC) in vitro. Cytokine-mediated up-regulation of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 that facilitates the recruitment of VLA-4 and LFA-1 expressing T cells might contribute to lymphoid cell infiltration in the salivary and lacrimal glands in SS.
The role of CYP2D6 in primary and secondary oxidative metabolism of dextromethorphan: in vitro studies using human liver microsomes. (1994)

1. The enzyme kinetics of dextromethorphan O-demethylation in liver microsomes from three extensive metabolisers (EM) with respect to CYP2D6 indicated high (Km1 2.2-9.4 microM) and low (Km2 55.5-307.3 microM) affinity sites whereas microsomes from two poor metabolisers (PM) indicated a single site (Km 560 and 157 microM). Similar differences were shown for 3-methoxymorphinan O-demethylation to 3-hydroxymorphinan (Km 6.9-9.6 microM in EM subjects; Km 307 and 213 microM in PM subjects). 2. Dextromethorphan O-demethylation was inhibited competitively by quinidine (Ki 0.1 microM), rac-perhexiline (Ki 0.4 microM), dextropropoxyphene (Ki 6 microM), rac-methadone (Ki 8 microM), and 3-methoxymorphinan (Ki 15 microM). These compounds were also potent inhibitors of 3-methoxymorphinan O-demethylation with IC50 values ranging from 0.02-12 microM. Anti-LKM1 serum inhibited both dextromethorphan and 3-methoxymorphinan O-demethylations in a titre-dependent manner. 3. The Michaelis-Menten constant for dextromethorphan N-demethylation to 3-methoxymorphinan (Km 632-977 microM) and dextrorphan N-demethylation to 3-hydroxymorphinan (Km 1571-4286 microM) did not differ between EM and PM microsomes. These N-demethylation reactions were not inhibited by quinidine and rac-methadone or LKM1 antibodies. 4. Dextromethorphan and 3-methoxymorphinan are metabolised by the same P450 isoform, CYP2D6, whereas the N-demethylation reactions are not carried out by CYP2D6.
Prevention of LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Mice by Mesenchymal Stem Cells Overexpressing Angiopoietin 1 (2007)

Treatment with MSCs alone significantly reduced LPS-induced acute pulmonary inflammation in mice, while administration of pANGPT1-transfected MSCs resulted in a further improvement in both alveolar inflammation and permeability. These results suggest a potential role for cell-based ANGPT1 gene therapy to treat clinical ALI/ARDS.
Interleukins in chronic liver disease: lessons learned from experimental mouse models (2014)

Interleukins represent a class of immunomodulatory cytokines, small intercellular signaling proteins, that are critically involved in the regulation of immune responses. They are produced in large amounts by various cell types during inflammatory reactions, and the balance of cytokines determines the outcome of an immune response. Therefore, cytokines are regarded as interesting therapeutic targets for the treatment of patients with liver diseases. Mouse models provide a good tool for in vivo studies on cytokine function, as human and mouse cytokines share many homologies. Sophisticated mouse models either mimicking distinct pathological conditions or targeting cytokines and cytokine-signaling pathways in the liver or even in distinct cellular compartments have provided enormous insight into the different functions of interleukins during hepatic inflammation. Interleukins may have pro- as well as anti-inflammatory functions in chronic liver diseases, some interleukins even both, dependent on the inflammatory stimulus, the producing and the responding cell type. IL-17, for example, promotes hepatic fibrogenesis through activation of hepatic stellate cells and facilitates development of liver cancer through recruitment of myeloid-derived suppressor cells. IL-22, on the other hand, protects from development of fibrosis or steatohepatitis. IL-12 balances T-helper (Th)-1 and Th2 cell responses in infectious disease models. IL-13 and IL-33, two cytokines related to Th2 cells and innate lymphoid cells, promote fibrotic responses in the liver. IL-10 is the prototypic anti-inflammatory interleukin with tissue-protective functions during chronic liver injury and fibrogenesis. Despite its critical role for inducing the acute-phase response in the liver, IL-6 signaling is protective during fibrosis progression, but promotes hepatocellular carcinoma. Experimental studies in mice help to define the exact influence of a specific cytokine on the outcome of chronic liver diseases and to identify useful therapeutic targets.
A nuclear RNA‐binding cyclophilin in human T cells (1996)

Cyclophilins (CyPs) are binding proteins for the immunosuppressive drug cyclosporin A (CsA). CyPs are evolutionarily highly conserved proteins present in both pro- and eukaryotes as well as in different subcellular locations. CyPs possess enzymatic activity, namely peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (PPIase) activity; CyPs are involved in cellular protein folding and protein interactions. To date, only cyclosporins and proteins are known to interact with CyPs. Here we describe a novel nuclear cyclophilin (hCyP33) from human T cells with an additional RNA-binding domain. This combines for the first time RNA binding and protein folding in one protein.
REVIEW ARTICLE: Chlamydia trachomatis, a Hidden Epidemic: Effects on Female Reproduction and Options for Treatment (2010)

The number of genital tract Chlamydia trachomatis infections is steadily increasing worldwide, with approximately 50-70% of infections asymptomatic. There is currently no uniform screening practice, current antibiotic treatment has failed to prevent the increased incidence, and there is no vaccine available. We examined studies on the epidemiology of C. trachomatis infections, the effects infections have on the female reproductive tract and subsequent reproductive health and what measures are being taken to reduce these problems. Undetected or multiple infections in women can lead to the development of severe reproductive sequelae, including pelvic inflammatory disease and tubal infertility. There are two possible paradigms of chlamydial pathogenesis, the cellular and immunological paradigms. While many vaccine candidates are being extensively tested in animal models, they are still years from clinical trials. With no vaccine available and antibiotic treatment unable to halt the increased incidence, infection rates will continue to increase and cause a significant burden on health care systems.
Conjugated Equine Estrogens and Incidence of Probable Dementia and Mild Cognitive Impairment in Postmenopausal Women<SUBTITLE>Women's Health Initiative Memory Study</SUBTITLE> (2004)

Estrogen therapy alone did not reduce dementia or MCI incidence and increased the risk for both end points combined. Pooling data for estrogen alone and estrogen plus progestin resulted in increased risks for both end points. Use of hormone therapy to prevent dementia or cognitive decline in women 65 years of age or older is not recommended.