gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Replication-competent retroviral vectors encoding alkaline phosphatase reveal spatial restriction of viral gene expression/transduction in the chick embryo. (1993)

Replication-competent avian retroviruses, capable of transducing and expressing up to 2 kb of nonviral sequences, are now available to effect widespread gene transfer in chicken (chick) embryos (S. H. Hughes, J. J. Greenhouse, C. J. Petropoulos, and P. Sutrave, J. Virol. 61:3004-3012, 1987). We have constructed novel avian retroviral vectors that encode human placental alkaline phosphatase as a marker whose expression can be histochemically monitored. These vectors have been tested for expression by introducing them into the embryonic chick nervous system. They have revealed that the expression of retrovirally transduced genes can be spatially and temporally limited without the need for tissue-specific promoters. By varying the site and time of infection, targeted gene transfer can be confined to selected populations of neural cells over the course of several days, a time window that is sufficient for many key developmental processes. The capability of differentially infecting specific target populations may avoid confounding variables such as detrimental effects of a transduced gene on processes unrelated to the cells or tissue of interest. These vectors and methods thus should be useful in studies of the effect of transduced genes on the development of various organs and tissues during avian embryogenesis. In addition, the vectors will facilitate studies aimed at an understanding of viral infection and expression patterns.
Tumor necrosis factor α is a key component in the obesity-linked elevation of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (1999)

Obesity is associated with a cluster of abnormalities, including hypertension, insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, and elevated levels of both plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta). Although these changes may increase the risk for accelerated atherosclerosis and fatal myocardial infarction, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain to be defined. Although tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) has been implicated in the insulin resistance associated with obesity, its role in other disorders of obesity is largely unknown. In this report, we show that in obese (ob/ob) mice, neutralization of TNF-alpha or deletion of both TNF receptors (TNFRs) results in significantly reduced levels of plasma PAI-1 antigen, plasma insulin, and adipose tissue PAI-1 and TGF-beta mRNAs. Studies in which exogenous TNF-alpha was infused into lean mice lacking individual TNFRs indicate that TNF-alpha signaling of PAI-1 in adipose tissue can be mediated by either the p55 or the p75 TNFR. However, TNF-alpha signaling of TGF-beta mRNA expression in adipose tissue is mediated exclusively via the p55 TNFR. Our results suggest that TNF-alpha is a common link between the insulin resistance and elevated PAI-1 and TGF-beta in obesity. The chronic elevation of TNF-alpha in obesity thus may directly promote the development of the complex cardiovascular risk profile associated with this condition.
Peptides: Strategies for Antibody Production and Radioimmunoassays (2003)

The explosion of our knowledge in the neuropeptide field, particularly during the last decade, was partly the result of the development of new probes essential to the localization and quantitation of peptidergic substances. Antibodies, monoclonal or polyclonal, remain our best markers for peptidergic systems in the brain. Labeled c-DNA probes used for in situ hybridization studies are becoming a complement to antibodies in the identification of peptidergic neurons (Gee et al., 1983; Bloch et al., 1984a). Recent techniques such as enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) and ultrasensitive enzyme radioimmunoassays (USERIAs) may eventually replace RIAs (Trivers et al., 1983). New fluoroimmunoassays such as dissociation-enhanced lanthanide fluoroimmunoassays (DELFIA, from Wallac OY) appear very promising. At present, however, the simplest and most economical approach to measure peptides in the high attomole to low femtomole range is still by RIA.
First thin film realization of a helicoidal bianisotropic medium (1995)

First Page
Similarity of Human Mitochondrial Transcription Factor 1 to High Mobility Group Proteins (1991)

Human mitochondrial transcription factor 1 (mtTF1) has been sequenced and is a nucleus-encoded DNA binding protein of 204 amino acids (24,400 daltons). Expression of human mtTF1 in bacteria yields a protein with correct physical properties and the ability to activate mitochondrial DNA promoters. Analysis of the protein's sequence reveals no similarities to any other DNA binding proteins except for the existence of two domains that are characteristic of high mobility group (HMG) proteins. Human mtTF1 is most closely related to a DNA binding HMG-box region in hUBF, a human protein known to be important for transcription by RNA polymerase I.
Traumatic Axonal Injury Induces Proteolytic Cleavage of the Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels Modulated by Tetrodotoxin and Protease Inhibitors (2004)

We demonstrated previously that dynamic stretch injury of cultured axons induces structural changes and Ca2+ influx modulated by tetrodotoxin (TTX)-sensitive voltage-gated sodium channels (NaChs). In the present study, we evaluated potential damage to the NaCh alpha-subunit, which can cause noninactivation of NaChs. In addition, we explored the effects of pre-injury and post-injury treatment with TTX and protease inhibition on proteolysis of the NaCh alpha-subunit and intra-axonal calcium levels ([Ca2+]i) over 60 min after trauma. After stretch injury, we found that [Ca2+]i continued to increase in untreated axons for at least 60 min. We also observed that the III-IV intra-axonal loop of the NaCh alpha-subunit was proteolyzed between 5 and 20 min after trauma. Pre-injury treatment of the axons with TTX completely abolished the posttraumatic increase in [Ca2+]i and proteolysis of the NaCh alpha-subunit. In addition, both pre-injury and post-injury inhibition of protease activity attenuated long-term increases in [Ca2+]i as well as mitigating degradation of the NaCh alpha-subunit. These results suggest a unique "feed-forward" deleterious process initiated by mechanical trauma of axons. Na+ influx through NaChs resulting from axonal deformation triggers initial increases in [Ca2+]i and subsequent proteolysis of the NaCh-subunit. In turn, degradation of the alpha-subunit promotes persistent elevations in [Ca2+]i, fueling additional pathologic changes. These observations may have important implications for developing therapeutic strategies for axonal trauma.
The chemical potential of light in fluorescent solar collectors (2009)

The energetic aspect, discussed by the means of the chemical potential, involved into the absorption and radiation processes occurring in the operation of fluorescent solar collectors is of interest in this publication. The chemical potential of the fluorescent light incident on the solar cell is characterized by studying the fluorescence spectrum emitted by a special type of fluorescent collector, where absorption and fluorescence take place in a liquid medium, in effect a liquid fluorescent collector. It is shown that photon reabsorption (known also as photon recycling) gradually brings the emitted photon flux into thermal equilibrium with the collector. The fluorescence photon distribution is then characterized by a specific temperature, obtained from the Kennard–Stepanov law, and a chemical potential given by the generalized Planck’s law. We find that the chemical potential of the fluorescent light incident on the solar cell is nearly equal to the thermodynamical limits imposed by a detailed balance argument. This equality indicates that nonradiative losses do not affect the chemical potential of the light escaping from the collector, a major benefit in comparison to simple semiconductor based solar cells where nonradiative losses significantly affect the open circuit voltage.
NMDA antagonists potentiate antiparkinsonian actions of L‐dopa in monoamine‐depleted rats (1990)

Systemically administered N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonists, MK-801 ((+)5-methyl-10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo(a,d)cyclohepten-5,10-imine maleate) and CPP (3-[(+-)-2-carboxypiperazin-4-yl]-propyl-1-phosphonate), potentiate the ability of L-dopa (L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine) to reverse akinesia and to alleviate muscular rigidity in monoamine-depleted rats. On the basis of these findings, it is proposed that NMDA antagonists may be beneficial as adjunctive treatment in the therapy of Parkinson's disease. CPP locally injected into the subthalamic nucleus, entopeduncular nucleus--the rat homologue of the internal pallidal segment--or substantia nigra pars reticulata of monoamine-depleted rats stimulates locomotor activity and alleviates rigidity, whereas local microinjection of CPP into the neostriatum is ineffective. These results make it unlikely that the neostriatum is the site of the antiparkinsonian action of NMDA antagonists in monoamine-depleted rats, whereas the subthalamic nucleus, internal pallidal segment, and substantia nigra pars reticulata appear to be important for the effects of NMDA antagonists.
Functional identification of the promoter for the gene encoding the alpha subunit of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II. (1995)

To examine the expression of the alpha subunit of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II, various 5' flanking genomic sequences were inserted into a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) reporter plasmid and CAT enzyme activities were analyzed in transfected NB2a neuroblastoma cells and mRNA transcription was analyzed by nuclease protection assays. A core promoter was identified which contained an essential TATA element located 162 nt 5' to the transcription start site. Sequences 3' to the transcription start site, as well as 5' to the TATA element, increased levels of CAT activity in transfected cells. The alpha-subunit gene promoter displayed higher CAT activities, relative to a simian virus 40 promoter, in transfected neuronal cell lines than in nonneuronal cell lines. Results also suggested that sequence surrounding the natural alpha-gene transcription initiation site may be important for targeting transcription initiation 162 nt downstream of its TATA element.
Time-dynamic oxidation stability studies of mineral insulating oils (2011)

IEC 61125C, a traditional oxygen-rich material test for determination of oxidation stability of insulating oils, was modified to give continuous data over the entire testing time by application of a logging pH-meter. A complementary oxygen-poor testing method, which may be more relevant to certain power transformer designs, was also developed further. The methods give insight into the chemistry and dynamics of oil oxidation, and may serve as a future means to investigate insulating oil behavior and support development of high performance insulating oils.
Diversity methods for fading control (1988)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Joseph Shamir, H. John Caulfield, Monte Ross, and Brian M. Hendrickson, "Diversity methods for fading control," Appl. Opt. 27, 1389-1391 (1988) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Analysis and compensation of nonlinear power amplifier effects in multi-antenna OFDM systems (2007)

The high peak to average power ratio (PAPR) levels associated with multicarrier systems require the use of linear power amplifiers (PA) with large dynamic range. Unfortunately, linearity and power efficiency are two conflicting specifications for practical PAs. However, systems with high power efficiency are required, for example, in case of battery operated mobile terminals. Thus, the PA needs to operate in a high power efficiency region which compromises the linearity constraints. The evaluation of the effect of nonlinear amplification on the system performance is an important issue that must be considered in a realistic system design.\n\nThis thesis first addresses the performance analysis of multiuser OFDM systems (space division multiple access (SDMA)-OFDM) employing nonlinear PAs. Bit error probability (BEP) and capacity expressions are derived for an OFDM system with diversity, assuming a memoryless PA. Moreover, BEP expressions are derived for an orthogonal space-time coded (OSTBC)-OFDM system that include the effect of a broadband nonlinear PA and imperfect memory compensation. Thereafter, techniques to reduce the effects of power amplifier distortion are proposed. We consider techniques that can be implemented either in the receiver, the transmitter, or as a combination of both, all with the same goal of relieving the linearity constaints and improving the power efficiency.\n\nA low PAPR OFDM implementation is addressed where subcarriers are allocated to different users in such a way that the generated intermodulation distortion is kept at minimum. Then, we propose the combination of multiuser detection and nonlinear distortion mitigation techniques. Initially, knowledge of the PA model (modelled as memoryless) is required for the implementation. The extension to broadband PAs and to PA model estimation in the receiver are also made. Efficient channel estimation strategies are developed that work in the presence of nonlinear distortion. Finally, a split predistorter structure to remove nonlinear distortion caused by a broadband PA is proposed. The idea is to reduce the transmitter complexity by distributing the predistorter tasks such that the transmitter compensates for the static nonlinearity, and the receiver equalizes the PA memory.
Principles of Cultivar Development: Theory and Technique (1987)

In this book, successful plant breeders share their experiences and that of their colleagues. They provide a step-by-step description of the process of cultivar development for a crop species, discuss the alternative strategies that are available at each step of the process, and describe those strategies that have been used most successfully. Crop species were chosen fro this book to represent the major types of cultivars that are grown commercially. The development of asexually propagated cultivars, pure-line cultivars, synthetics, multilines, and hybrids are described in one or more of the chapters. Collectively, the chapters describe the application of all breeding method that are currently used by plant breeders for cultivar development.
Reversible change in alignment mode of nematic liquid crystals regulated photochemically by command surfaces modified with an azobenzene monolayer (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReversible change in alignment mode of nematic liquid crystals regulated photochemically by command surfaces modified with an azobenzene monolayerKunihiro Ichimura, Yasuzo Suzuki, Takahiro Seki, Akira Hosoki, and Koso AokiCite this: Langmuir 1988, 4, 5, 1214–1216Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00083a030https://doi.org/10.1021/la00083a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2600Altmetric-Citations632LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
LSD1 is essential for oocyte meiotic progression by regulating CDC25B expression in mice (2015)

Mammalian oocytes are arrested at prophase I until puberty when hormonal signals induce the resumption of meiosis I and progression to meiosis II. Meiotic progression is controlled by CDK1 activity and is accompanied by dynamic epigenetic changes. Although the signalling pathways regulating CDK1 activity are well defined, the functional significance of epigenetic changes remains largely unknown. Here we show that LSD1, a lysine demethylase, regulates histone H3 lysine 4 di-methylation (H3K4me2) in mouse oocytes and is essential for meiotic progression. Conditional deletion of Lsd1 in growing oocytes results in precocious resumption of meiosis and spindle and chromosomal abnormalities. Consequently, most Lsd1-null oocytes fail to complete meiosis I and undergo apoptosis. Mechanistically, upregulation of CDC25B, a phosphatase that activates CDK1, is responsible for precocious meiotic resumption and also contributes to subsequent spindle and chromosomal defects. Our findings uncover a functional link between LSD1 and the major signalling pathway governing meiotic progression.
Size-Selective Synthesis of Gold and Platinum Nanoparticles Using Novel Thiol-Functionalized Ionic Liquids (2003)

One-phase synthesis of gold and platinum nanoparticles using new thiol-functionalized ionic liquids (TFILs) is described for the first time. TFILs as stabilizing agents for gold and platinum nanoparticles were designed to have thiol groups on either the cation or anion and symmetrical or unsymmetrical positions only in the cation. Transmission electron microscopy, electron diffraction, and NMR were used for the characterization of nanoparticles. The metal nanoparticles formed using TFILs are crystalline structures with face-centered cubic packing arrangements and have small sizes (the average diameters are 3.5, 3.1, and 2.0 nm for Au and 3.2, 2.2, and 2.0 nm for Pt, respectively) and uniform distributions (the standard deviations are 0.7, 0.5, and 0.1 nm for Au and 1.1, 0.2, and 0.1 for Pt, respectively). It is believed that the nanoparticle size and distribution depend on the number and position of thiol groups in the IL.
Proposed operation of GSM packet radio networks (2002)

The standardization of the GSM General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) is progressing in European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI). This paper describes the proposed architecture, signaling and protocols for the GPRS network. Also, the network layer interworking, mobility management, service establishment/management, as well as link layer issues are discussed here.
Genetic susceptibility to lupus nephritis (1998)

Although cumulative evidence suggests that a genetic predisposition plays a major role in development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and/or lupus nephritis (LN), the susceptibility genes are mostly unknown. The difficulty in identifying susceptibility genes is due in part to multiple genes with variable genetic effects and the diverse genetic backgrounds of human populations. In human SLE, genes of early components of complements as well as many polymorphic genes (including the MHC class II and class III, FcgammaR, mannose-binding protein, IL-6, Bcl-2, and IL-10 genes) have been associated with SLE or LN by population-based case-control or within-case studies. The contribution of some of these disease-associated genes to the presence or absence of clinical manifestations has been further tested in mice with targeted disruption of the specific candidate gene. In addition to SLE susceptibility genes, there may be a separate set of nephropathy susceptibility genes predisposing to LN as suggested by the familial clustering of end-stage renal disease in African-Americans with LN. The availability of densely mapped genetic markers spanning the entire genome has enabled the identification of chromosomal regions linked to disease susceptibility genes without prior knowledge of the gene function. Our group has used known murine lupus susceptibility loci as a guide, and conducted linkage analysis of genetic markers located within a specific, possibly syntenic human chromosomal region. Evidence for linkage of a chromosome 1q41-42 region was observed in SLE-affected sib pairs from multiple ethnic groups. More recently, several groups have reported results of genome scans of SLE-affected sib pairs or pedigrees. These exciting recent developments in delineating the genetic basis of SLE or LN are summarized in this review.
Electrical Rectification by a Monolayer of Hexadecylquinolinium Tricyanoquinodimethanide Measured between Macroscopic Gold Electrodes (2001)

Unimolecular rectification was detected between oxide-free Au electrodes for a Langmuir−Blodgett (LB) monolayer of the zwitterionic D+-π-A- molecule hexadecylquinolinium tricyanoquinodimethanide, C16H33Q−3CNQ. The top gold pad was deposited by a process that cools the metal vapor before deposition. The maximum rectification ratio is 27.5 at 2.2 V (the average rectification ratio is 7.55). The currents are as large as 9.04 × 104 electrons molecule-1 s-1. The result reinforces previous work with oxide-bearing Al electrodes, but the currents with Au electrodes are larger by 3−5 orders of magnitude. Rectification was also seen for a nine-monolayer Z-type LB film between similar Au electrodes but not for a monolayer of arachidic acid. The direction of enhanced electron current is from the negatively charged dicyanomethylene end of C16H33Q−3CNQ to the quinolinium ring, as predicted by the Aviram−Ratner analysis. However, there is a good fit to the behavior expected for quantum conduction dominated by a single molecular level. The best-fit energy for this level is 1.31 ± 0.25 eV above the Fermi level of the Au electrode.
Differential Effects of Apolipoprotein A-I–Mimetic Peptide on Evolving and Established Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E-Null Mice (2004)

Oral and intraperitoneal administration of the apoA-I-mimetic peptide D4F significantly reduced rapidly evolving atherosclerotic lesions in vein grafts but not established atherosclerotic lesions in aortic sinus. These observations suggest that the type of atherosclerotic lesions and the time of initiation during the course of lesion evolution modulate the beneficial effects of apoA-I-mimetic peptides on atherosclerosis.
Markerless tracking using planar structures in the scene (2002)

We describe a markerless camera tracking system for augmented reality that operates in environments which contain one or more planes. This is a common special case, which we show significantly simplifies tracking. The result is a practical, reliable, vision-based tracker. Furthermore, the tracked plane imposes a natural reference frame, so that the alignment of the real and virtual coordinate systems is rather simpler than would be the case with a general structure-and-motion system. Multiple planes can be tracked, and additional data such as 2D point tracks are easily incorporated.