gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Tandem Cycloaddition Protocol for the Controlled Synthesis of [n]Ladderanes: New Rods and Spacers (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA Tandem Cycloaddition Protocol for the Controlled Synthesis of [n]Ladderanes: New Rods and SpacersRonald N. Warrener, Giovanni Abbenante, and Colin H. L. KennardCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 8, 3645–3646Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00087a079https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00087a079research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views388Altmetric-Citations54LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (3)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
T cell avidity and tumor recognition: implications and therapeutic strategies (2005)

In the last two decades, great advances have been made studying the immune response to human tumors. The identification of protein antigens from cancer cells and better techniques for eliciting antigen specific T cell responses in vitro and in vivo have led to improved understanding of tumor recognition by T cells. Yet, much remains to be learned about the intricate details of T cell-tumor cell interactions. Though the strength of interaction between T cell and target is thought to be a key factor influencing the T cell response, investigations of T cell avidity, T cell receptor (TCR) affinity for peptide-MHC complex, and the recognition of peptide on antigen presenting targets or tumor cells reveal complex relationships. Coincident with these investigations, therapeutic strategies have been developed to enhance tumor recognition using antigens with altered peptide structures and T cells modified by the introduction of new antigen binding receptor molecules. The profound effects of these strategies on T cell-tumor interactions and the clinical implications of these effects are of interest to both scientists and clinicians. In recent years, the focus of much of our work has been the avidity and effector characteristics of tumor reactive T cells. Here we review concepts and current results in the field, and the implications of therapeutic strategies using altered antigens and altered effector T cells.
Identification of candidate genes linking systemic inflammation to atherosclerosis; results of a human in vivoLPS infusion study (2011)

In vivo endotoxin exposure of healthy individuals resulted in the identification of several candidate genes through which systemic inflammation links to atherosclerosis.
Nonlinear ultrasound imaging of nanoscale acoustic biomolecules (2017)

Ultrasound imaging is widely used to probe the mechanical structure of tissues and visualize blood flow. However, the ability of ultrasound to observe specific molecular and cellular signals is limited. Recently, a unique class of gas-filled protein nanostructures called gas vesicles (GVs) was introduced as nanoscale (∼250 nm) contrast agents for ultrasound, accompanied by the possibilities of genetic engineering, imaging of targets outside the vasculature and monitoring of cellular signals such as gene expression. These possibilities would be aided by methods to discriminate GV-generated ultrasound signals from anatomical background. Here, we show that the nonlinear response of engineered GVs to acoustic pressure enables selective imaging of these nanostructures using a tailored amplitude modulation strategy. Finite element modeling predicted a strongly nonlinear mechanical deformation and acoustic response to ultrasound in engineered GVs. This response was confirmed with ultrasound measurements in the range of 10 to 25 MHz. An amplitude modulation pulse sequence based on this nonlinear response allows engineered GVs to be distinguished from linear scatterers and other GV types with a contrast ratio greater than 11.5 dB. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this nonlinear imaging strategy <i>in vitro</i>, <i>in cellulo</i>, and <i>in vivo</i>.
Rapid hemostasis of arterial puncture sites with collagen in patients undergoing diagnostic and interventional cardiac catheterization (1997)

Abstract Despite the continuous reduction of sheath sizes in diagnostic and interventional cardiac catheterizations and the discontinuation of coumadin use after coronary stent implantation, a challenging role remains for hemostatic devices in the sealing femoral puncture sites. Since the introduction of the vascular hemostatic device (VHD) in 1991 and the hemostatic puncture closing device (HPCD) in 1992, numerous studies investigating these devices have been published. The deployment success rates reported in 2,292 patients for VHD is 97%, ranging from 88 to 100%. For HPCD, the mean deployment success rate resulting from 622 published patients leads to an identical result of 97%, ranging between 91 and 100%. For time to hemostasis, data have been analyzed according to the four different clinical situations, depending on level of anticoagulation (none or full) and the time of sheath removal (immediate or delayed). In randomized studies, when compared with the manual control groups, both devices revealed a statistically significant reduction in time to hemostasis: 12 to 16 minutes less for diagnostic catheterization and 14 to 30 minutes less for PTCA. As for minor local complications, no clinically relevant differences seem to exist. None of these devices has been proven to reduce major local complications. Prospective trials addressing early mobilization after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty and the cost effectiveness of arterial closure devices in defined subgroups are warranted.
Bovine aortic arch variant in humans: clarification of a common misnomer. (2006)

SUMMARY: The term “bovine arch” is widely used to describe a common anatomic variant of the human aortic arch branching. This so-called bovine aortic arch has no resemblance to the bovine aortic arch. We describe the most common human aortic arch branching patterns and compare these with the bovine aortic arch.
Solubility and bioavailability of stabilized amorphous calcium carbonate (2010)

Since its role in the prevention of osteoporosis in humans was proven some 30 years ago, calcium bioavailability has been the subject of numerous scientific studies. Recent technology allowing the production of a stable amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) now enables a bioavailability analysis of this unique form of calcium. This study thus compares the solubility and fractional absorption of ACC, ACC with chitosan (ACC-C), and crystalline calcium carbonate (CCC). Solubility was evaluated by dissolving these preparations in dilute phosphoric acid. The results demonstrated that both ACC and ACC-C are more soluble than CCC. Fractional absorption was evaluated by intrinsically labeling calcium carbonate preparations with (45)Ca, orally administrated to rats using gelatin capsules. Fractional absorption was determined by evaluating the percentage of the administrated radioactive dose per milliliter that was measured in the serum, calcium absorption in the femur, and whole-body retention over a 34-hour period. Calcium serum analysis revealed that calcium absorption from ACC and ACC-C preparations was up to 40% higher than from CCC, whereas retention of ACC and ACC-C was up to 26.5% higher than CCC. Absorbed calcium in the femurs of ACC-administrated rats was 30% higher than in CCC-treated animals, whereas 15% more calcium was absorbed following ACC-C treatment than following CCC treatment. This study demonstrates the enhanced solubility and bioavailability of ACC over CCC. The use of stable ACC as a highly bioavailable dietary source for calcium is proposed based on the findings of this study.
Distribution of laminin and fibronectin isoforms in oral mucosa and oral squamous cell carcinoma (1999)

The expression of laminin and fibronectin isoforms varies with cellular maturation and differentiation and these differences may well influence cellular processes such as adhesion and motility. The basement membrane (BM) of fetal oral squamous epithelium contains the laminin chains, alpha2, alpha3, alpha5, beta1, beta2, beta3, gamma1 and gamma2. The BM of adult normal oral squamous epithelium comprises the laminin chains, alpha3, alpha5, beta1, beta3, gamma1 and gamma2. A re-expression of the laminin alpha2 and beta2 chains could be shown in adult hyperproliferative, dysplastic and carcinomatous lesions. In dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), multifocal breaks of the BM are present as indicated by laminin chain antibodies. These breaks correlate to malignancy grade in their extent. Moreover, in the invasion front the alpha3 and gamma2 chain of laminin-5 can immunohistochemically be found outside the BM within the cytoplasm of budding carcinoma cells and in the adjacent stroma. The correlation between the morphological pattern of invasive tumour clusters and a laminin-5 immunostaining in the adjacent stroma may suggest, first, that a laminin-5 deposition outside the BM is an immunohistochemical marker for invasion and second, that OSCC invasion is guided by the laminin-5 matrix. Expression of oncofetal fibronectins (IIICS de novo glycosylated fibronectin and ED-B fibronectin) could be demonstrated throughout the stromal compartment. However, the ED-B fibronectin synthesizing cells (RNA/RNA in situ hybridization) are confined to small stroma areas and to single stroma and inflammatory cells in the invasion front. A correlation of the number of ED-B fibronectin synthesizing cells to malignancy grade could not be seen. ED-B fibronectin mRNA-positive cells seem to be concentrated in areas of fibrous stroma recruitment with a linear alignment of stromal fibro-/myofibroblasts (desmoplasia). Double staining experiments (ED-B fibronectin in situ hybridization and alpha-smooth muscle actin immunohistochemistry) indicated that the stroma myofibroblasts are a preferential source of ED-B fibronectin. In conclusion, in OSCC, a fetal extracellular matrix conversion is demonstrable. Tumour cells (laminin alpha2 and beta2 chain) and recruited stromal myofibroblasts (oncofetal ED-B fibronectin) contribute to the fetal extracellular matrix milieu.
Localization of Burkholderia cepacia Complex Bacteria in Cystic Fibrosis Lungs and Interactions with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Hypoxic Mucus (2014)

The localization of Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) bacteria in cystic fibrosis (CF) lungs, alone or during coinfection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, is poorly understood. We performed immunohistochemistry for Bcc and P. aeruginosa bacteria on 21 coinfected or singly infected CF lungs obtained at transplantation or autopsy. Parallel in vitro experiments examined the growth of two Bcc species, Burkholderia cenocepacia and Burkholderia multivorans, in environments similar to those occupied by P. aeruginosa in the CF lung. Bcc bacteria were predominantly identified in the CF lung as single cells or small clusters within phagocytes and mucus but not as "biofilm-like structures." In contrast, P. aeruginosa was identified in biofilm-like masses, but densities appeared to be reduced during coinfection with Bcc bacteria. Based on chemical analyses of CF and non-CF respiratory secretions, a test medium was defined to study Bcc growth and interactions with P. aeruginosa in an environment mimicking the CF lung. When test medium was supplemented with alternative electron acceptors under anaerobic conditions, B. cenocepacia and B. multivorans used fermentation rather than anaerobic respiration to gain energy, consistent with the identification of fermentation products by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Both Bcc species also expressed mucinases that produced carbon sources from mucins for growth. In the presence of P. aeruginosa in vitro, both Bcc species grew anaerobically but not aerobically. We propose that Bcc bacteria (i) invade a P. aeruginosa-infected CF lung when the airway lumen is anaerobic, (ii) inhibit P. aeruginosa biofilm-like growth, and (iii) expand the host bacterial niche from mucus to also include macrophages.
The mouse pale ear ( ep ) mutation is the homologue of human Hermansky–Pudlak syndrome (1997)

The recessive mutation at the pale ear (ep) locus on mouse chromosome 19 was found to be the homologue of human Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS). A positional cloning strategy using yeast artificial chromosomes spanning the HPS locus was used to identify the HPS gene and its murine counterpart. These genes and their predicted proteins are highly conserved at the nucleotide and amino acid levels. Sequence analysis of the mutant ep gene revealed the insertion of an intracisternal A particle element in a protein-coding 3' exon. Here we demonstrate that mice with the ep mutation exhibit abnormalities similar to human HPS patients in melanosomes and platelet-dense granules. These results establish an animal model of HPS and will facilitate biochemical and molecular analyses of the functions of this protein in the membranes of specialized intracellular organelles.
Role of the far-upstream sites of the algD promoter and the algR and rpoN genes in environmental modulation of mucoidy in Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1990)

The role of several regulatory elements in environmental modulation of mucoidy in Pseudomonas aeruginosa was studied. Transcriptional activation of algD, necessary for the mucoid phenotype, was found to depend on FUS, the newly identified far-upstream sites of the algD promoter. The FUS were delimited to a region spanning nucleotides -432 to -332 relative to the algD mRNA start site. Insertional inactivation of algR in PAO568 abolished the algD promoter response to nitrogen availability and greatly diminished but did not completely eliminate reactivity to changes in salt concentration. Insertional inactivation of rpoN (ntrA) in PAO568 did not affect algR and algD transcription.
Heterokaryon-Based Reprogramming of Human B Lymphocytes for Pluripotency Requires Oct4 but Not Sox2 (2008)

Differentiated cells can be reprogrammed through the formation of heterokaryons and hybrid cells when fused with embryonic stem (ES) cells. Here, we provide evidence that conversion of human B-lymphocytes towards a multipotent state is initiated much more rapidly than previously thought, occurring in transient heterokaryons before nuclear fusion and cell division. Interestingly, reprogramming of human lymphocytes by mouse ES cells elicits the expression of a human ES-specific gene profile, in which markers of human ES cells are expressed (hSSEA4, hFGF receptors and ligands), but markers that are specific to mouse ES cells are not (e.g., Bmp4 and LIF receptor). Using genetically engineered mouse ES cells, we demonstrate that successful reprogramming of human lymphocytes is independent of Sox2, a factor thought to be required for induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. In contrast, there is a distinct requirement for Oct4 in the establishment but not the maintenance of the reprogrammed state. Experimental heterokaryons, therefore, offer a powerful approach to trace the contribution of individual factors to the reprogramming of human somatic cells towards a multipotent state.
Localization and Assembly of the Novel Exosporium Protein BetA of Bacillus anthracis (2011)

The exosporium of Bacillus anthracis is comprised of two distinct layers: a basal layer and a hair-like nap that covers the basal layer. The hair-like nap contains the glycoproteins BclA and, most likely, BclB. BclA and BclB are directed to assemble into the exosporium by motifs in their N-terminal domains. Here, we identify a previously uncharacterized putative gene encoding this motif, which we have named betA (Bacillus exosporium-targeted protein of B. anthracis). Like bclA, betA encodes a putative collagenlike repeat region. betA is present in several genomes of exosporium-producing Bacillus species but, so far, not in any others. Using fluorescence microscopic localization of a BetA-enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) fusion protein and immunofluorescence microscopy with anti-BetA antibodies, we showed that BetA resides in the exosporium basal layer, likely underneath BclA. BetA assembles at the spore surface at around hour 5 of sporulation and under the control of BxpB, similar to the control of deposition of BclA. We suggest a model in which BclA and BetA are incorporated into the exosporium by a mechanism that depends on their similar N termini. These data suggest that BetA is a member of a growing family of exosporium proteins that assemble under the control of targeting sequences in their N termini.
cDNA cloning and expression of a human platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor specific for B-chain-containing PDGF molecules. (1988)

The structure of the human receptor for platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) has been deduced through cDNA cloning. A 5.45-kilobase-pair cDNA clone predicts a 1,106-amino-acid polypeptide, including the cleavable signal sequence. The overall amino acid sequence similarity with the murine PDGF receptor is 85%. After transcription of the cDNA and translation in vitro, a PDGF receptor antiserum was used to immunoprecipitate a product of predicted size, which also could be phosphorylated in vitro. Stable introduction of the cDNA into Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells led to the expression of a 190-kilodalton component, which was immunoprecipitated by the PDGF receptor antiserum; this most probably represents the mature PDGF receptor. Binding assays with different 125I-labeled dimeric forms of PDGF A and B chains showed that the PDGF receptor expressed in CHO cells bound PDGF-BB and, to a lesser extent, PDGF-AB, but not PDGF-AA.
Comments on the thermoelectric properties of pressure-sintered Si0.8Ge0.2 thermoelectric alloys (1993)

The recent results of C. B. Vining, W. Laskow, J. O. Hanson, R. R. Van der Beck, and P. D. Gorsuch [J. Appl. Phys. 69, 4333 (1991)] regarding the effect of grain size on the thermoelectric figure of merit of heavily doped p-type silicon germanium alloys are compared to earlier results on similar materials. The data confirm that the room-temperature figure-of-merit is significantly increased in materials with a small grain size.
Oxygen saturation in the bone marrow of healthy volunteers (2002)

In recent years there has been a great deal of progress in understanding the homeostasis of different tissue microenvironments, and this has been particularly true of the hematopoietic system. Insights into the interaction of the microenvironmental stromal cells of the bone marrow with the blood-
Presentation tools for performance visualization: the M31 instrumentation experience (2002)

The performance analysis tools developed for M31, Digital Equipment Corporation's experimental multiprocessor, are described. The tools allow a user to instrument an application, monitor its execution, and analyze the collected event traces. The analysis and presentation tools give a view of the application's dynamic call tree as well as the flow of control within and between cooperating processes. The trajectory of a scientific application is described through the performance debugging process.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Inter- and intraclonal diversity in the antibody response to influenza hemagglutinin. (1985)

This study focuses on 10 BALB/c anti-influenza virus (A/PR/8/34) hemagglutinin antibodies that have light chains encoded by the same variable region kappa chain (V kappa) gene, V kappa 21C. A comparison of antibodies from lymphocytes of independent origin reveals the contribution of germline diversity (combinatorial joining and association) to this response. Although combinatorial joining and association contribute to sequence diversity, they appear to have little effect on the fine specificity of these antibodies. Somatic mutation, in addition to contributing to the sequence diversity of these antibodies, creates differences in their fine specificity. The extent of mutation and its effect on fine specificity can be seen by comparing antibodies of lymphocytes from the same clone. These intraclonal comparisons also indicate that somatic mutation is an ongoing process occurring at a high rate (estimated to be at least 10(-3) mutations per base pair per division) in the expressed V region heavy chain (VH) and V kappa genes. Furthermore, both the nature and distribution of these mutations suggest that amino acid replacement mutations in the light but not the heavy chain are selected for by antigen.
A new approach for disparity map determination (1970)

This article presents a new method to determine disparity map useful for three-dimensional (3D) scene reconstruction. The main task behind the computation of disparity map is stereo correspondence matching. In recent years, several stereo matching algorithms have been developed to find corresponding pairs in two images: left and right images captured by a stereo camera. But these algorithms exhibit a very high computational cost. With a view to reduce the computation time and produce a smooth and detailed disparity map, a fast and new approach based on average disparity estimation is proposed in this research, which can tackle additive noise. Experimental results confirm that the method achieves a substantial gain in accuracy with less expense of computation time. Key Words: Disparity map, Stereo correspondence, Stereo Vision, 3D Scene Reconstruction. DOI: 10.3329/diujst.v4i1.4348 Daffodil International University Journal of Science and Technology Vol.4(1) 2009 pp.9-13
Oral co-administration of a bacterial protease inhibitor in the vaccine formulation increases antigen delivery at the intestinal epithelial barrier (2018)

The study of capture and processing of antigens (Ags) by intestinal epithelial cells is very important for development of new oral administration systems. Efficient oral Ag delivery systems must resist enzymatic degradation by gastric and intestinal proteases and deliver the Ag across biological barriers. The recombinant unlipidated outer membrane protein from Brucella spp. (U-Omp19) is a protease inhibitor with immunostimulatory properties used as adjuvant in oral vaccine formulations. In the present work we further characterized its mechanism of action and studied the interaction and effect of U-Omp19 on the intestinal epithelium. We found that U-Omp19 inhibited protease activity from murine intestinal brush-border membranes and cysteine proteases from human intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) promoting co-administered Ag accumulation within lysosomal compartments of IECs. In addition, we have shown that co-administration of U-Omp19 facilitated the transcellular passage of Ag through epithelial cell monolayers in vitro and in vivo while did not affect epithelial cell barrier permeability. Finally, oral co-delivery of U-Omp19 in mice induced the production of Ag-specific IgA in feces and the increment of CD103<sup>+</sup> CD11b<sup>-</sup> CD8α<sup>+</sup> dendritic cells subset at Peyer's patches. Taken together, these data describe a new mechanism of action of a mucosal adjuvant and support the use of this rationale/strategy in new oral delivery systems for vaccines.