gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The role of a mutation of the CXCR4 gene in WHIM syndrome. (2005)

We investigated the role of a mutation of the CXCR4 gene in 11-year-old twin sisters with WHIM syndrome. The mutated gene may result in production of the mutant CXCR4 protein causing abnormal apoptosis and migratory function, which are thought to be related to the cause of chronic neutropenia in WHIM syndrome.
Conserved Enzymatic Production and Biological Effect of O-Acetyl-ADP-ribose by Silent Information Regulator 2-like NAD+-dependent Deacetylases (2002)

Silent information regulator 2 (Sir2) family of enzymes has been implicated in many cellular processes that include histone deacetylation, gene silencing, chromosomal stability, and aging. Yeast Sir2 and several homologues have been shown to be NAD(+)-dependent histone/protein deacetylases. Previously, it was demonstrated that the yeast enzymes catalyze a unique reaction mechanism in which the cleavage of NAD(+) and the deacetylation of substrate are coupled with the formation of O-acetyl-ADP-ribose, a novel metabolite. We demonstrate that the production of O-acetyl-ADP-ribose is evolutionarily conserved among Sir2-like enzymes from yeast, Drosophila, and human. Also, endogenous yeast Sir2 complex from telomeres was shown to generate O-acetyl-ADP-ribose. By using a quantitative microinjection assay to examine the possible biological function(s) of this newly discovered metabolite, we demonstrate that O-acetyl-ADP-ribose causes a delay/block in oocyte maturation and results in a delay/block in embryo cell division in blastomeres. This effect was mimicked by injection of low nanomolar levels of active enzyme but not with a catalytically impaired mutant, indicating that the enzymatic activity is essential for the observed effects. In cell-free oocyte extracts, we demonstrate the existence of cellular enzymes that can efficiently utilize O-acetyl-ADP-ribose.
A new server I/O architecture for high speed networks (2011)

Traditional architectural designs are normally focused on CPUs and have been often decoupled from I/O considerations. They are inefficient for high-speed network processing with a bandwidth of 10Gbps and beyond. Long latency I/O interconnects on mainstream servers also substantially complicate the NIC designs. In this paper, we start with fine-grained driver and OS instrumentation to fully understand the network processing overhead over 10GbE on mainstream servers. We obtain several new findings: 1) besides data copy identified by previous works, the driver and buffer release are two unexpected major overheads (up to 54%); 2) the major source of the overheads is memory stalls and data relating to socket buffer (SKB) and page data structures are mainly responsible for the stalls; 3) prevailing platform optimizations like Direct Cache Access (DCA) are insufficient for addressing the network processing bottlenecks. Motivated by the studies, we propose a new server I/O architecture where DMA descriptor management is shifted from NICs to an on-chip network engine (NEngine), and descriptors are extended with information about data incurring memory stalls. NEngine relies on data lookups and preloads data to eliminate the stalls during network processing. Moreover, NEngine implements efficient packet movement inside caches to address the remaining issues in data copy. The new architecture allows DMA engine to have very fast access to descriptors and keeps packets in CPU caches instead of NIC buffers, significantly simplifying NICs. Experimental results demonstrate that the new server I/O architecture improves the network processing efficiency by 47% and web server throughput by 14%, while substantially reducing the NIC hardware complexity.
ChemInform Abstract: New Triterpenoids from Lantana camara: Isomerization of the Angeloyl Moiety of Lantadene A During Catalytic Hydrogenation. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Synthesis and Free Radical Polymerization of Fluorinated Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane (F-POSS) Macromers: Precursors for Low Surface Energy Materials and Devices (2012)

Abstract : In this presentation, structures were demonstrated to be reactive towards a variety of dichlorosilanes. Solubility of F-POSS compounds were shown to be influenced by chemical functionality. Functionality was shown to be influential on contact angle measurements. Scientists are currently working on other monomers and polymers for F-POSS. F-POSS compounds have a near limitless potential in producing a variety of new hydrophobic, oleophobic, or omniphobic polymer composites.
Casing Design in Directionally Drilled Wells (1975)

Design of casing strings for directionally drilled wells requires that consideration for bending load be included with calculations concerning tension, collapse, and burst. The nature of the bending load calculation is such that it cannot be incorporated into a nomograph but, instead, must be calculated by trial and error. THUMS Beach Company uses a combination of graphs and calculating procedures to facilitate designing casing in highly deviated holes.
Algorithm5:  A Technique for Fuzzy Similarity Clustering of Chemical Inventories (1996)

Clustering of chemical inventories on the basis of structural similarity has been shown to be useful in a number of applications related to the utilization and enhancement of those inventories. However, the widely-used Jarvis−Patrick clustering algorithm displays a number of weaknesses which make it difficult to cluster large databases in a consistent, satisfactory, and timely manner. Jarvis−Patrick clusters tend to be either too large and heterogeneous (i.e., “chained”) or too small and exclusive (i.e., under-clustered), and the algorithm requires time-consuming manual tuning. This paper describes a computer algorithm which is nondirective, in that it performs the clustering without manual tuning yet generates useful clustering results.
[Cloning and study on the replication origin of the integrated F plasmid in Escherichia coli]. (1990)

The replication origin of the integrated F' plasmid was cloned by means of marker rescue. No difference in incompatibility and acridine orange sensitivity was found between the mini-F plasmid constructed from such an origin and the autonomous F' plasmid. Subcloning and comparative restriction enzyme analysis were carried out with the replication origin from the integrated F' plasmid and that from the autonomous F plasmid. No structural difference was found between them. These results suggest that the difference for the dependence of recA gene between the F and F' plasmids dose not come from any difference in structure of their replication origin, but probably from their site of integration on the chromosome.
The First Large-Scale Synthesis of MK-4305: A Dual Orexin Receptor Antagonist for the Treatment of Sleep Disorder (2011)

A new synthetic route to drug candidate 1, a potent and selective dual orexin antagonist for the treatment of sleep disorders, has been developed. The key acyclic precursor 10 was prepared in a one-step process in 75% isolated yield from commercially available starting materials using novel chemistry to synthesize 2-substituted benzoxazoles. A reductive amination was followed by a classical resolution to afford chiral diazepane (R)-11. Finally, coupling of (R)-11 with acid 5 furnished the desired drug candidate 1.
The ubiquitous subunit of erythroid transcription factor NF-E2 is a small basic-leucine zipper protein related to the v-maf oncogene. (1993)

Erythroid transcription factor NF-E2 is a tissue-restricted heterodimeric protein which recognizes an extended AP-1 motif [(T/C)TGCTGA(C/G)TCA(T/C)] found in the upstream locus control regions of the alpha- and beta-globin gene clusters. A cDNA clone encoding a cell-type-specific subunit of NF-E2, designated p45 NF-E2, has previously been characterized and shown to encode a basic-leucine zipper DNA-binding protein. Here we describe protein purification and cloning of cDNA that encodes the second basic-leucine zipper subunit of the native NF-E2 heterodimer. This polypeptide, designated p18, is widely expressed. It displays extensive homology to the v-maf oncogene product and a human retinal-specific protein, NRL. Unusual features in the basic region shared by v-Maf, NRL, and p18 place them in a distinct subfamily of AP-1-like proteins.
Acute Effects of Whole-Body Vibration and Resistance Exercise on Cortisol Levels in Young Men (2015)

International Journal of Exercise Science 8(1) : 11-20, 2015. Few studies have focused on the acute hormone responses to whole-body vibration (WBV) combined with resistance exercise. The purpose of this study was to compare the cortisol response to a single bout of WBV combined with resistance exercise (WBV + RE) and resistance exercise only (RE) in young men (n=9). This study used a cross-over repeated measures design. 1-RM testing was performed for four lower body and two upper body isotonic resistance exercises. Subjects performed the RE condition (80% 1-RM, three sets, 10 reps) and the WBV+RE condition (20 Hz, five one-minute bouts, one- minute rest between bouts) followed by RE in random order separated by two weeks to avoid a last bout effect. Fasting morning blood samples were obtained at baseline (PRE), immediately after exercise (IP), and 30 minutes after exercise (30P) to assess cortisol and lactate concentrations. The WBV + RE condition included a blood draw immediately after the vibration exposure (POSTVIB). There were no significant time, group, or interaction effects for cortisol concentrations. Also, there were no significant differences between conditions for absolute changes in cortisol. Cortisol did not change at POSTVIB. Blood lactate significantly (p
A review of the metabolism and pharmacokinetics of paroxetine in man (1989)

Paroxetine is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, and appears to undergo first-pass metabolism which is partially saturable. Consistent with its lipophilic amine character, paroxetine is extensively distributed into tissues. Its plasma protein binding at therapeutically relevant concentrations is about 95%. Paroxetine is eliminated by metabolism involving oxidation, methylation, and conjugation. All of these factors lead to wide interindividual variation in the pharmacokinetics of paroxetine. Renal clearance of the compound is negligible. The major metabolites of paroxetine are conjugates which do not compromise its selectivity nor contribute to the clinical response. Ascending single-dose studies reveal that the pharmacokinetics of paroxetine are non-linear to a limited extent in most subjects and to a marked degree in only a few. Also, steady-state pharmacokinetic parameters are not predictable from single-dose data. In many subjects, daily administration of 20-50 mg of paroxetine leads to little or no disproportionality in plasma levels with dose, although in a few subjects this phenomenon is evident. Steady-state plasma concentrations are generally achieved within 7 to 14 days. The terminal half-life is about one day, although there is a wide intersubject variability (e.g. with 30 mg, a range of 7-65 hours was observed in a group of 28 healthy young subjects). In elderly subjects there is wide interindividual variation in steady-state pharmacokinetic parameters, with statistically significantly higher plasma concentrations and slower elimination than in younger subjects, although there is a large degree of overlap in the ranges of corresponding parameters. In severe renal impairment higher plasma levels of paroxetine are achieved than in healthy individuals after single dose. In moderate hepatic impairment the pharmacokinetics after single doses are similar to those of normal subjects. Paroxetine is not a general inducer or inhibitor of hepatic oxidation processes, and has little or no effect on the pharmacokinetics of other drugs examined. Its metabolism and pharmacokinetics are to some degree affected by the induction or inhibition of drug metabolizing enzyme(s). From a pharmacokinetic standpoint, drug interactions involving paroxetine are considered unlikely to be a frequent occurrence. Data available have failed to reveal any correlation between plasma concentrations of paroxetine and its clinical effects (either efficacy or adverse events).
Survival and Growth of Juvenile Pacific Lampreys Tagged with Passive Integrated Transponders (PIT) in Freshwater and Seawater (2012)

Abstract Tagging methods are needed for both adult and juvenile life stages of Pacific lampreys Lampetra tridentata to better understand their biology and factors contributing to their decline. We developed a safe and efficient technique for tagging juvenile Pacific lampreys with passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags. We tested the short‐term survival of PIT‐tagged juvenile lampreys in freshwater at four temperatures (9, 12, 15, and 18°C) and their long‐term growth and survival in seawater. For both experiments there was little to no tag loss, and juvenile lampreys in freshwater showed high survival at all temperatures at 7 d (95–100%) and 14 d (88–100%) posttagging. Prolonged holding (40 d) resulted in significantly lower survival (28–79%) at warmer temperatures (12–18°C). For juvenile lampreys tagged in freshwater and then transitioned to seawater, survival was 97% for tagged fish until day 94, and at the end of 6 months, survival was about 58% for both tagged and control fish. About half of the tagged and control fish that survived in seawater grew, but there was no difference in growth between the two groups. In freshwater, but not in seawater, most fish that died had an aquatic fungal infection. In both experiments, survival increased with increasing fish length at tagging. Our results indicate that tags similar in size to a 9‐mm PIT tag are a feasible option for tagging metamorphosed juvenile lampreys migrating downstream and that when fungal infections are mitigated—as in seawater—long‐term (at least 6 months) survival of tagged juvenile lampreys is high.
A Hybrid Cascaded Multilevel Converter for Battery Energy Management Applied in Electric Vehicles (2014)

In electric vehicle (EV) energy storage systems, a large number of battery cells are usually connected in series to enhance the output voltage for motor driving. The difference in electrochemical characters will cause state-of-charge (SOC) and terminal voltage imbalance between different cells. In this paper, a hybrid cascaded multilevel converter which involves both battery energy management and motor drives is proposed for EV. In the proposed topology, each battery cell can be controlled to be connected into the circuit or to be bypassed by a half-bridge converter. All half-bridges are cascaded to output a staircase shape dc voltage. Then, an H-bridge converter is used to change the direction of the dc bus voltages to make up ac voltages. The outputs of the converter are multilevel voltages with less harmonics and lower dv/dt, which is helpful to improve the performance of the motor drives. By separate control according to the SOC of each cell, the energy utilization ratio of the batteries can be improved. The imbalance of terminal voltage and SOC can also be avoided, fault-tolerant can be easily realized by modular cascaded circuit, so the life of the battery stack will be extended. Simulation and experiments are implemented to verify the performance of the proposed converter.
Adiponectin regulates albuminuria and podocyte function in mice (2008)

Increased albuminuria is associated with obesity and diabetes and is a risk factor for cardiovascular and renal disease. However, the link between early albuminuria and adiposity remains unclear. To determine whether adiponectin, an adipocyte-derived hormone, is a communication signal between adipocytes and the kidney, we performed studies in a cohort of patients at high risk for diabetes and kidney disease as well as in adiponectin-knockout (Ad(-/-)) mice. Albuminuria had a negative correlation with plasma adiponectin in obese patients, and Ad(-/-) mice exhibited increased albuminuria and fusion of podocyte foot processes. In cultured podocytes, adiponectin administration was associated with increased activity of AMPK, and both adiponectin and AMPK activation reduced podocyte permeability to albumin and podocyte dysfunction, as evidenced by zona occludens-1 translocation to the membrane. These effects seemed to be caused by reduction of oxidative stress, as adiponectin and AMPK activation both reduced protein levels of the NADPH oxidase Nox4 in podocytes. Ad(-/-) mice treated with adiponectin exhibited normalization of albuminuria, improvement of podocyte foot process effacement, increased glomerular AMPK activation, and reduced urinary and glomerular markers of oxidant stress. These results suggest that adiponectin is a key regulator of albuminuria, likely acting through the AMPK pathway to modulate oxidant stress in podocytes.
Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy: Prevention and Treatment (2011)

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a common, dose-limiting side effect of many chemotherapeutic agents. Although many therapies have been investigated for the prevention and/or treatment of CIPN, there is no well-accepted proven therapy. In addition, there is no universally accepted, well-validated measure for the assessment of CIPN. The agents for which there are the strongest preliminary data regarding their potential efficacy in preventing CIPN are intravenous calcium and magnesium (Ca/Mg) infusions and glutathione. Agents with the strongest supporting evidence for efficacy in the treatment of CIPN include topical pain relievers, such as baclofen/amitriptyline/ketamine gel, and serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, such as venlafaxine and duloxetine. Other promising therapies are also reviewed in this paper. Cutaneous electrostimulation is a nonpharmacological therapy that appears, from an early pilot trial, to be potentially effective in the treatment of CIPN. Finally, there is a lack of evidence of effective treatments for the paclitaxel acute pain syndrome (P-APS), which appears to be caused by neurologic injury.
Diabetes and Protein Glycosylation (1986)

In the years since the initial discovery that blood from diabetic patients contains increased amounts of a posttranslationally gluco sylated form of hemoglobin (hemoglobin Ale)' an impressive number o
Poly(hydroxyfettsäureester), eine fünfte Klasse von physiologisch bedeutsamen organischen Biopolymeren? (1993)

Abstract Neben den Polyisoprenoiden, Polypeptiden, Polysacchariden und Polynucleotiden kommt in der Natur eine weitere Gruppe von Biopolymeren, die Poly(hydroxyfettsäureester), vor. Obwohl der häufigste Vertreter, Poly[(R)‐3‐hydroxybuttersäure| P(3‐HB), von Lemoigne schon in den zwanziger Jahren als Speichermaterial des Mikroorganismus Bacillus megaterium identifiziert wurde (bis über 12000 3‐HB‐Einheiten), wird das allgegenwärtige Vorkommen dieser Biopolymere und ihre Bedeutung erst in allerletzter Zeit zur Kenntnis genommen. Vor allem durch die Arbeiten von Reusch wurde klar, daß niedermolekulare P(3‐HB) (100‐200 3‐HB‐Einheiten) in den Zellmembranen von prokaryotischen und eukaryotischen Organismen vorkommt, wobei ihre Funktion hier weitgehend unbekannt ist; es wurde vorgeschlagen, daß ein Komplex aus P(3‐HB) und Calciumpolyphosphat als Ionenkanal durch Membranen wirkt, ja es wurde spekuliert, daß P(3‐HB) am Transport von DNA durch Zellwände beteiligt ist. Im vorliegenden Artikel werden die folgenden Themen behandelt: Metabolisums von P(3‐HB) und analoger Polyester beim Aufbau und Abbau der Speichermaterialien; P(3‐HB) als Ausgangsmaterial für chirale Synthesebausteine; Herstellung von cyclischen Oligomeren (Oligoliden) aus bis zu zehn 3‐HB‐Einheiten und Kristallstrukturanalyse dieser Verbindungen; das hochpolymere Biocopolymer aus Hydroxybutter‐ und ‐valeriansäure (BIOPOL) als biologisch abbaubarer Kunststoff; nicht‐biologische Herstellung von Polyhydroxyfettsäureestern aus 3‐Hydroxycarbonsäuren und den zugehörigen β‐Lactonen; gezielte Synthese von linearen Oligomeren mit enger Molekulargewichtsverteilung von bis zu etwa 100 (R)‐3‐Hydroxybuttersäurebausteinen nach einem exponentiellen Fragmentkupplungsverfahren; Strukture der Polyester und Vergleich mit anderen Polymeren; Befunde, die zur Postulierung eines P(3‐HB)‐Ionenkanals durch Zellwände führten; Modellierung von Helices unterschiedlicher Durchmesser aus P(3‐HB) unter Verwendung der aus Kristallstrukturdaten von Oligoliden gewonnenen Parameter; Bildung eines Kronenesterkomplexes und Ionentransportexperimente mit dem Triolid aus 3‐HB. Der Artikel ist ein Beispiel dafür, welche Beiträge organische Synthesechemiker zu wichtigen biologischen Fragestellungen im Rahmen einer interdisziplinären Zusamenarbeit leisten können.
Are oral cannabinoids safe and effective in refractory neuropathic pain? (2003)

Although cannabinoids have anti-hyperalgesic effects in animal models of nerve injury, there are currently very few prospective trials of the efficacy of cannabinoids in neuropathic pain in humans. This open label prospective study investigated the safety, tolerability and analgesic benefit of oral Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) titrated to a maximal dosage of 25 mg/day in 8 consecutive patients with chronic refractory neuropathic pain. Spontaneous ongoing and paroxysmal pain, allodynia and paresthesias were assessed. The sensory and affective components of pain using the McGill pain questionnaire, quality of life, mood, anxiety and functionality were also evaluated. Seven patients suffered from side effects necessitating premature arrest of the drug in 5 of them. THC (mean dosage: 16.6+/-6.5 mg/day) did not induce any significant effects on ongoing and paroxysmal pain, allodynia, quality of life, anxiety/depression scores and functional impact of pain. These results do not support an overall benefit of THC in pain and quality of life in patients with refractory neuropathic pain.
Amorphous Metal Fluoride Passivation Coatings Prepared by Atomic Layer Deposition on LiCoO2 for Li-Ion Batteries (2015)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTAmorphous Metal Fluoride Passivation Coatings Prepared by Atomic Layer Deposition on LiCoO2 for Li-Ion BatteriesJoong Sun Park†, Anil U. Mane‡, Jeffrey W. Elam‡, and Jason R. Croy*†View Author Information† †Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division and ‡Energy Systems Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States*E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: Chem. Mater. 2015, 27, 6, 1917–1920Publication Date (Web):March 5, 2015Publication History Received21 November 2014Revised3 March 2015Published online11 March 2015Published inissue 24 March 2015https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b00603Copyright © 2015 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views3169Altmetric-Citations91LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (1 MB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Atomic layer deposition,Coating materials,Deposition,Electrodes,Materials Get e-Alerts