gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structures of the asparagine-289-linked oligosaccharides assembled on recombinant human plasminogen expressed in a Mamestra brassicae cell line (IZD-MBO503) (1991)

In this report, we have fortified and extended a previous investigation [Davidson, D. J., Fraser, M. J., & Castellino, F. J. (1990) Biochemistry 29, 5584-5590] in which we demonstrated for the first time that lepidopteran insect (Spodoptera frugiperda) cells (IPLB-SF-21AE) were capable of assembling N-linked complex oligosaccharide on a human protein (plasminogen), the cDNA of which had been inserted into these cells via recombinant DNA technology with a baculovirus vector. In order to investigate whether a more general capability of lepidopteran insect cells to produce complex oligosaccharide existed, and to identify the chemical nature of the types of oligosaccharides that such insect cells were able to assemble, we have infected Mamestra brassicae (IZD-MBO503) cells for 48 h with a recombinant (r) baculovirus containing the [R561E]human plasminogen (HPg) cDNA and characterized the nature of the glycopeptidase F (GF) released N-linked oligosaccharides contained on Asn289 of the r-HPg expressed by these cells. We found that approximately 63% of the total N-linked oligosaccharides were of the complex type, with bisialo-biantennary (28%), asialo-biantennary (7%), fucosylated bisialo-biantennary (25%), and fucosylated asialo-biantennary (3%) oligosaccharides representing the major complex-type carbohydrate species. The remainder of the oligosaccharides were of the high-mannose type, with (mannose)9(N-acetylglucosamine)2 (22%), (mannose)5(N-acetylglucosamine)2 (13%), and (mannose)3(N-acetylglucosamine)2 (2%) representing the major oligosaccharides observed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A phase I study of nab-paclitaxel (nab-P) with carboplatin (C) and thoracic radiation (RT) in patients with locally advanced NSCLC. (2010)

e17504 Background: One third of patients (pts) with NSCLC present with localized, unresectable disease. Concurrent chemoradiotherapy (e.g. weekly paclitaxel + C) is well established with median survival ≈14 mo. Nanoparticle albumin-bound (nab) paclitaxel is a cremophor-free formulation of paclitaxel designed to improve solubility and intratumor delivery of active drug. This phase I trial evaluates weekly nab-P + C + concurrent TRT in pts with unresectable stage III NSCLC. Methods: Pts entered escalating dose cohorts in a 3+3 design of nab- P weekly, beginning at 40 mg/m2 and increasing by 20 mg/m2, in combination with C (AUC 2) weekly for 7 weeks and concurrent RT 66Gy/33 fractions. Pts received 2 cycles of consolidation therapy with full dose nab-P (100 mg/m2 weekly for 3 weeks) and C (AUC 6 on day one of each cycle) every 21d. The DLT period is defined as the concurrent chemoradiation period. Results: Eight pts have been treated at 2 dose levels of nab-P, 40mg/m2 and 60mg/m2. One pt signed consent and then withdrew. Seven pts have completed all cycles of therapy. Three pts were treated at 40 mg/m2 with no DLT. Four pts were treated at 60 mg/m2 with 2 DLT of G3 radiation dermatitis and G3 esophagitis. The 40 mg/m2 cohort is expanded and 1 pt remains on concurrent treatment. Grade 2-3 toxicities during concurrent treatment include: neutropenia, neutropenic fever, anemia, thrombocytopenia, fatigue, esophagitis, nausea, dermatitis, hypoxia, and dehydration. No grade 4 toxicities have been seen during concurrent treatment. Seven pts are evaluable for response with 7 partial responses. Three patients have progressed 5, 7, and 8 mo after enrollment, and 4 patients remain stable 5, 7, 13, and 18 mo. Conclusions: Weekly nab-P at 60 mg/m2 exceeds the maximally tolerated dose, but appears to be safe and well tolerated at 40 mg/m2 when used in combination with weekly C and RT and enrollment in this cohort continues. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Abraxis BioScience Abraxis BioScience Abraxis BioScience
교통사고 발생에 영향을 미치는 계획요소 실증 연구: 서울시 읍면동별 교통사고 발생건수와 사상자수를 중심으로 (2015)

The purpose of this research is to identify land-use factors as well as socioeconomic and transportation variables affecting traffic accidents in Seoul. For this, the empirical analyses were conducted using a negative binomial regression model based on the number of traffic accidents and casualties by administrative district and a multiple linear regression model based on a natural log transformed the number of traffic accidents and casualties. The statistical analyses results showed the similar coefficients for all explanatory variables. The main results were as follows. First, the land-use variables were relatively more important in the analyzing result on the number of traffic accidents, and the transportation factors were comparatively more substantial in the analysis result on the number of casualties. Second, the significant variables were the traffic volume, the number of transportation vulnerabilities, the building coverage density, the zoning system, and the road network design elements (road density, narrow road ratio, and arrangements of intersection and crosswalk). This study suggests improvement of traffic safety for aged person, development of optimum density in ground level, land-use planning linked with transportation plan, and emergence from automobile oriented planning for a reduction of traffic accidents.
Hyperosmolar Sexual Lubricant Causes Epithelial Damage in the Distal Colon: Potential Implication for HIV Transmission (2007)

Rectally applied hyperosmolar gels induce greater epithelial denudation and luminal secretion than iso-osmolar gels. Because denudation plausibly increases the risk of HIV transmission, hyperosmolar gels make poor rectal microbicide formulations, and hyperosmolar sexual lubricants may increase susceptibility to HIV infection.
One-Pot Copper(I)-Catalyzed Synthesis of 3,5-Disubstituted Isoxazoles (2005)

[reaction: see text] 3,5-Disubstituted isoxazoles are obtained in good yields by a convenient one-pot, three-step procedure utilizing a regioselective copper(I)-catalyzed cycloaddition reaction between in situ generated nitrile oxides and terminal acetylenes. Most functional groups do not interfere with the reaction, which can be performed in aqueous solvents without protection from oxygen. Since all reagents are used in stoichiometric amounts, formation of byproducts is minimized.
Surface Areas of Heated Alumina Hydrates (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSurface Areas of Heated Alumina HydratesAllen S. Russell and C. Norman CochranCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1950, 42, 7, 1336–1340Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1950https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50487a025https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50487a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views82Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Neurodegeneration in a Transgenic Mouse Model of Multiple System Atrophy Is Associated with Altered Expression of Oligodendroglial-Derived Neurotrophic Factors (2010)

Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by striatonigral degeneration and olivo-pontocerebellar atrophy. Neuronal degeneration is accompanied by primarily oligodendrocytic accumulation of alpha-synuclein (alphasyn) as opposed to the neuronal inclusions more commonly found in other alpha-synucleinopathies such as Parkinson's disease. It is unclear how alphasyn accumulation in oligodendrocytes may lead to the extensive neurodegeneration observed in MSA; we hypothesize that the altered expression of oligodendrocyte-derived neurotrophic factors by alphasyn may be involved. In this context, the expression of a number neurotrophic factors reportedly expressed by oligodendrocytes [glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), as well as basic fibroblast growth factor 2 (bFGF2), reportedly astrocyte derived] were examined in transgenic mouse models expressing human alphasyn (halphasyn) under the control of either neuronal (PDGFbeta or mThy1) or oligodendrocytic (MBP) promoters. Although protein levels of BDNF and IGF-1 were altered in all the alphasyn transgenic mice regardless of promoter type, a specific decrease in GDNF protein expression was observed in the MBP-halphasyn transgenic mice. Intracerebroventricular infusion of GDNF improved behavioral deficits and ameliorated neurodegenerative pathology in the MBP-halphasyn transgenic mice. Consistent with the studies in the MBP-halphasyn transgenic mice, analysis of GDNF expression levels in human MSA samples demonstrated a decrease in the white frontal cortex and to a lesser degree in the cerebellum compared with controls. These results suggest a mechanism in which alphasyn expression in oligodendrocytes impacts on the trophic support provided by these cells for neurons, perhaps contributing to neurodegeneration.
Acetone sensing using graphene quantum capacitance varactors (2016)

Sensing of acetone using the quantum capacitance in graphene is demonstrated. The sensor was constructed by using graphene as the top electrode in a metal-oxide-graphene variable capacitor (varactor) structure. The relative capacitance change was found to vary with acetone concentration with a relative capacitance sensitivity, ΔC/C of 1.29 ± 0.04 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">−4</sup> % / ppmv. The sensor was also found to have 3∗ enhanced sensitivity in dry air compared to N <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> and showed excellent reversibility. The results represent the first step toward the realization of passive, wireless acetone sensors using graphene varactors.
The treatment of hyponatraemia using vasopressin antagonists (2000)

Hyponatraemia is a frequent electrolyte disorder. It is primarily attributable to vasopressin excess plus sustained fluid intake. Hyponatraemia causes CNS symptoms, especially during the first 2-4 days; these symptoms are related to brain swelling. Hyponatraemia occurs in the setting of liver cirrhosis and congestive cardiac failure, in which it is related to stimulation by low arterial blood pressure acting through baroreceptors. Hyponatraemia also occurs in the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion, usually from neoplasms releasing vasopressin. The conventional treatment of hyponatraemia used to be fluid restriction and treatment of the underlying disorder. This kind of treatment has been unreliable, cumbersome and difficult to comply with for the patient. In the future, effective vasopressin V2 antagonists will become available for clinical use in the treatment of hyponatraemia, and are expected to improve the management of hyponatraemia. Pharmacological characteristics and observations of biological effects of three antagonists are reported in the present article.
On label dependence and loss minimization in multi-label classification (2012)

Most of the multi-label classification (MLC) methods proposed in recent years intended to exploit, in one way or the other, dependencies between the class labels. Comparing to simple binary relevance learning as a baseline, any gain in performance is normally explained by the fact that this method is ignoring such dependencies. Without questioning the correctness of such studies, one has to admit that a blanket explanation of that kind is hiding many subtle details, and indeed, the underlying mechanisms and true reasons for the improvements reported in experimental studies are rarely laid bare. Rather than proposing yet another MLC algorithm, the aim of this paper is to elaborate more closely on the idea of exploiting label dependence, thereby contributing to a better understanding of MLC. Adopting a statistical perspective, we claim that two types of label dependence should be distinguished, namely conditional and marginal dependence. Subsequently, we present three scenarios in which the exploitation of one of these types of dependence may boost the predictive performance of a classifier. In this regard, a close connection with loss minimization is established, showing that the benefit of exploiting label dependence does also depend on the type of loss to be minimized. Concrete theoretical results are presented for two representative loss functions, namely the Hamming loss and the subset 0/1 loss. In addition, we give an overview of state-of-the-art decomposition algorithms for MLC and we try to reveal the reasons for their effectiveness. Our conclusions are supported by carefully designed experiments on synthetic and benchmark data.
Circular-dichroism studies on two murine serum amyloid A proteins (1988)

C.d. studies have shown that mouse SAA2 (serum amyloid A2) protein has about one-half of the alpha-helix content of the SAA1 (serum amyloid A1) analogue (15 as against 32%), although secondary-structure prediction analyses based on sequence data do not suggest such a large difference between the forms. The decreased helical content may be a reflection or indication of a stronger propensity to aggregation of the SAA2 form compared with SAA1. The main elements of secondary structure in both proteins are beta-sheets/turns. Interactions with Ca2+ are accompanied by small losses in alpha-helix content, whereas binding to chondroitin-6-sulphate in the presence of millimolar Ca2+ also decreases the amount of secondary structure. However, SAA2 binding to heparan sulphate increases its beta-sheet structure, whereas with SAA1 secondary structure is not apparently altered by its interaction with heparan sulphate. Computer-generated surface profiles show slight differences in accessibility, hydrophilicity and flexibility between the proteins. Understanding these differences may help to explain why SAA2 is found in amyloid fibrils whereas SAA1 is not. In particular, a stronger tendency to aggregation might be the reason why SAA2 is deposited exclusively in these fibrils.
Integrity Design for Networked Control Systems with Actuator Failures and Data Packet Dropouts (2013)

The integrity design problem of fault tolerant control for networked control system (NCS) with actuator failures and data packet dropouts is investigated. The data packet dropouts in both sensor-controller (S-C) and controller-actuator (C-A) links are described by two switches, which can be modeled as a discrete event system with known rate. After introducing the matrix of actuator failure, the closed-loop NCS is developed, which can be viewed as asynchronous dynamical systems (ADSs). Then, the sufficiency of exponential stability for the NCS is obtained based on the theory of ADSs. The output feedback controllers that can guarantee system stability are also proposed. Finally, two numerical examples are given to demonstrate the validity of our proposed approach.
Impact of Electrostatic Interactions on Formation and Stability of Emulsions Containing Oil Droplets Coated by β-Lactoglobulin−Pectin Complexes (2006)

Interfacial protein-polysaccharide complexes can be used to improve the physical stability of oil-in-water emulsions. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of ionic strength on the formation and stability of oil-in-water emulsions containing polysaccharide-protein-coated droplets. Emulsions were prepared that contained 0.1 wt % corn oil, 0.05 wt % beta-lactoglobulin, and 0.02 wt % pectin at pH 7. The emulsions were then adjusted to pH 4 to promote electrostatic deposition of the pectin molecules onto the surfaces of the protein-coated droplets. The salt concentration of the aqueous phase (0 or 50 mM NaCl) was adjusted either before or after deposition of the pectin molecules onto the droplet surfaces. We found that stable emulsions containing polysaccharide-protein-coated droplets could be formed when the salt was added after pectin adsorption but not when it was added before pectin adsorption. This phenomenon was attributed to the ability of NaCl to promote droplet flocculation in the protein-coated droplets so that the pectin molecules adsorbed onto the surfaces of flocs rather than individual droplets when salt was added before pectin adsorption. We also found that polysaccharide-protein-coated droplets had a much improved stability to salt-induced flocculation than protein-coated droplets with the same droplet charge (zeta-potential). Theoretical predictions indicated that this was due to the ability of the adsorbed polysaccharide layer to strongly diminish the van der Waals attraction between the droplets.
The Cost of Adaptivity and Virtual Lanes in aWormhole Router (1995)

We examine the cost in router complexity of adaptivity and virtual lanes in wormhole routers, using f‐flat adaptive routers (based on a generalization of planar-adaptive routing ) which include routers with a range of routing freedom. Our studies show that adaptivity is expensive because it requires additional virtual channels and much larger crossbar switches for both adaptivity and deadlock prevention. Increases of 50 to 100% in channel utilization are required to justify additional degrees of routing freedom. Three internal router architectures for virtual lanes are examined and the fully expanded crossbar is found to be most effective because it gives simplest control and minimal internal blocking. Examining router designs with from 1–16 virtual lanes indicates that 30% improvements in channel utilization are required to justify each additional virtual lane. These studies combined with published simulation results indicate that only modest numbers of virtual lanes are likely to be cost effective.
Reactive Power Control Design in Doubly Fed Induction Generators for Wind Turbines (2009)

The high penetration level of wind power generation in an interconnected electrical network carries new technical challenges regarding system stability. Despite the stochastic nature of the wind, grid reliability has to be guaranteed. In compliance with power companies' new requirements on wind turbines as regards contribution to voltage regulation, this paper proposes a reactive power controller design for doubly fed induction generator drives. This drive topology enables the control of reactive power independently of the active power flow using both rotor and mains-side inverters. This degree of freedom is used in order to share the reactive powers circulating in the drive system and resulting from the reactive power required in the network. The controllers are designed using well-known linear control techniques in order to present the same dynamics. Furthermore, the proper reactive power share can be used to enhance the drive efficiency. Experimental results show the performance of the proposed reactive power control.
Pentoxifylline added to freezing or post-thaw extenders does not improve the survival or in vitro fertilising capacity of boar spermatozoa (2009)

This study evaluated whether pentoxifylline added to freezing and thawing extenders influenced the function of boar spermatozoa. In Experiment 1, pooled ejaculated sperm-rich fractions were frozen in 0.5 ml straws after dilution in extender supplemented with pentoxifylline to a final concentration of 0, 2, 4, 8, 16 or 32 mM. The addition of 4, 8, 16 and 32 mM pentoxifylline to the freezing extender significantly decreased the progressive and total motility of spermatozoa. The percentage of viable spermatozoa with intact acrosomes as well as the penetration rate and the efficiency of fertilisation were significantly lower in pentoxifylline-treated groups compared with the untreated control. In Experiment 2, a pool of three straws with 'good' post-thaw sperm quality parameters and another three straws with 'poor' sperm quality were diluted in extender with 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 or 32 mM pentoxifylline. Post-thaw samples with both 'good' and 'poor' sperm quality with 0, 2, 4, 8 and 16 mM were used to assess IVF parameters. The addition of pentoxifylline to post-thaw extender did not improve the post-thaw motility or viability of spermatozoa compared with the control. The in vitro penetration was higher (P<0.05) than the control for oocytes fertilised with spermatozoa that were thawed and incubated in extender with 4, 8 and 16 mM pentoxifylline. However, no differences were observed in the efficiency of fertilisation. We conclude that pentoxifylline, as a supplement added to the freezing extender, has a deleterious effect and that it does not improve the survival or in vitro fertilising efficiency of frozen-thawed boar spermatozoa when added after thawing.
Aspirin increases CD36, SR-BI, and ABCA1 expression in human THP-1 macrophages (2005)

Aspirin produces an increase of CD36 expression in THP-1 macrophages by a PGE(2)-dependent mechanism. The PGE(2) receptors implicated in CD36 modulation by ASA are the EP2/EP4 subtypes. Further, we provide evidence of SR-BI and ABCA1 induction by aspirin treatment.
Detection and classification of mutagens: a set of base-specific Salmonella tester strains. (1994)

A detection and classification system for mutagens has been developed that identifies the six possible base-pair substitution mutations. A set of six Salmonella typhimurium (TA7001 to TA7006) strains has been constructed, each of which carries a unique missense mutation in the histidine biosynthetic operon. In addition to the his mutation, these strains carry different auxiliary features that enhance the mutability of the target his mutation. These include the R factor pKM101, which has the SOS-inducible mucAB system; a deletion of the uvrB component of excision repair; and rfa mutations to increase the accessibility of bulky chemicals to the bacteria. Another set of strains (TA7041 to TA7046) contain a wild-type rfa gene. Reversion via the base substitution unique to each strain was verified by sequence analyses of > 800 revertants obtained from different types of mutagens. The strains have considerably lower spontaneous reversion frequencies and detect a variety of mutagens at a sensitivity comparable to the Salmonella tester strains TA100, TA102, and TA104. The low spontaneous frequency of reversion of a mixture of the six tester strains (approximately 10 revertants per plate) enables a single mutation assay with the mixture that is followed by classification of the type of mutation with the individual strains.