gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sequence-selective hydrolysis of duplex DNA by an oligonucleotide-directed nuclease (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSequence-selective hydrolysis of duplex DNA by an oligonucleotide-directed nucleaseDavid R. Corey, Dehua Pei, and Peter G. SchultzCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 22, 8523–8525Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00204a038https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00204a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views127Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Self-excited Piezoelectric Cantilever Oscillators (2005)

We describe a micromachined self-excited piezoelectric cantilever device whose oscillating frequency is in the audio frequency range. The 2000 x2000x2.8 /spl mu/m/sup 3/ cantilever has a zinc oxide (ZnO) piezoelectric thin film between two aluminum (Al) layers on a supporting layer of low-pressure chemical-vapor-deposited (LPCVD) low stress silicon nitride. The transducer and an amplifier that drives the cantilever via driving electrode constitutes a self-excited unit. If the gain of the amplifier is sufficient to overcome the loss of the transducer and the resonant frequency is in the amplifier passband, the device oscillates and produces significant acoustic output.
Angiogenic and growth factors in human amnio‐chorion and placenta (1983)

Human amnio-chorionic membranes and placenta maintained in culture release factors with angiogenic and mitogenic capacities at concentrations corresponding to nanogram amounts of protein. Angiogenic activity of amnio-chorion and placenta-conditioned media was assessed by their ability to stimulate neovascularisation in the dorsal subcutaneous fascia in the rat and the chorio-allantoic membrane in the chick embryo. Mitogenic characteristics were assessed by their ability to initiate DNA synthesis in cells at resting state, unstimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes and serum-deprived 3T3 fibroblasts. These growth promoting factors can be isolated from amnio-chorion and placenta-conditioned media mostly as factor-protein complexes of high molecular weight (higher than 100000 daltons) by gel filtration, and dissociated by magnesium chloride in components of low molecular weight including molecules readily diffusable through dialysis membranes of 2000 molecular weight cutoff. Presence of angiogenic and mitogenic factors in amnio-chorion suggests they might play a role in wound healing when amniotic membranes are used as biological dressings, besides the role they may play, in conjunction with placental factors, in embryonic and foetal development.
A Retinal Prosthesis Technology Based on CMOS Microelectronics and Microwire Glass Electrodes (2007)

A very large format neural stimulator device, to be used in future retinal prosthesis experiments, has been designed, fabricated, and tested. The device was designed to be positioned against a human retina for short periods in an operating room environment. Demonstrating a very large format, parallel interface between a 2-D microelectronic stimulator array and neural tissue would be an important step in proving the feasibility of high resolution retinal prosthesis for the blind. The architecture of the test device combines several novel components, including microwire glass, a microelectronic multiplexer, and a microcable connector. The array format is 80 times 40 array pixels with approximately 20 microwire electrodes per pixel. The custom assembly techniques involve indium bump bonding, ribbon bonding, and encapsulation. The design, fabrication, and testing of the device has resolved several important issues regarding the feasibility of high-resolution retinal prosthesis, namely, that the combination of conventional CMOS electronics and microwire glass provides a viable approach for a high resolution retinal prosthesis device. Temperature change from power dissipation within the device and maximum electrical output current levels suggest that the device is acceptable for acute human tests.
Optimization of the specific on-resistance of the COOLMOS/sup TM/ (2001)

The optimized values for the physical and geometrical parameters of the p- and n-regions used in the voltage-sustaining layer of the COOLMOS/sup TM/ are presented. Design of the parameters is aimed to produce the lowest specific on-resistance, R/sub on/ for a given breakdown voltage, V/sub B/. A new relationship between the R/sub on/ and V/sub B/ for the COOLMOS/sup TM/ is developed as R/sub on/=C/spl middot/V/sub B//sup 1.32/, where the constant C is dependent on the cell dimension and pattern geometry. It is also found that by putting a thin layer of insulator between the p-region and its neighboring n-regions, the value of R/sub on/ can be further reduced. The possibility of incorporating the insulating layer may open up opportunities for practical implementation of the COOLMOS/sup TM/ for volume production.
Improved Imaging of Soft Materials with Modified AFM Tips (1999)

Herein, we report a simple method for making silicon nitride tips hydrophobic without significantly changing their shape. Specifically, we show that atomic force microscope (AFM) tips coated with physisorbed multilayers of 1-dodecylamine, when used in air, offer enhanced resolution for both organic and inorganic materials. The reason for this is due to a significant reduction in the capillary effect associated with water condensation between the tip and substrate.
Fire-Extinguishing Efficiency of Superfine Powders under Different Injection Pressures (2019)

Ammonium phosphate fire-extinguishing agents are one of the best substitutes for halon in many powder media. Here, 11 μ m median diameter ammonium phosphate ultrafine dry powder was used as a fire-extinguishing medium. The fire-extinguishing performance of ultrafine powder under different pressures was studied by analyzing fire-extinguishing time, amount of extinguishing agent, and temperature during the fire-extinguishing process. The results show that the fire-extinguishing performance of the ultrafine powder is improved with increasing injection pressure. Finally, we used FDS software for fire simulation to study the influence of injection pressure on the extinguishing agent. The results show that the extinguishing time is shortened with increasing injection pressure. From 0.2 MPa to 1.0 MPa, the extinguishing time decreases from 34 seconds to 4 seconds.
Measurements of heat capacity and heat of vaporization of water in the range 0 degrees to 100 degrees C (1939)

The present series of measurements of heat capacity and heat of vaporization of water in the range 0 to 100 C have been made to provide greater certainty in the values of the specific heat of water for calorimetric purposes and also to provide greater reliability in the values of enthalpy and the other derived propert ies for use in st eam tables.
Brain Activity Mapping in Mecp2 Mutant Mice Reveals Functional Deficits in Forebrain Circuits, Including Key Nodes in the Default Mode Network, that are Reversed with Ketamine Treatment (2012)

Excitatory-inhibitory imbalance has been identified within specific brain microcircuits in models of Rett syndrome (RTT) and other autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). However, macrocircuit dysfunction across the RTT brain as a whole has not been defined. To approach this issue, we mapped expression of the activity-dependent, immediate-early gene product Fos in the brains of wild-type (Wt) and methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (Mecp2)-null (Null) mice, a model of RTT, before and after the appearance of overt symptoms (3 and 6 weeks of age, respectively). At 6 weeks, Null mice exhibit significantly less Fos labeling than Wt in limbic cortices and subcortical structures, including key nodes in the default mode network. In contrast, Null mice exhibit significantly more Fos labeling than Wt in the hindbrain, most notably in cardiorespiratory regions of the nucleus tractus solitarius (nTS). Using nTS as a model, whole-cell recordings demonstrated that increased Fos expression in Nulls at 6 weeks of age is associated with synaptic hyperexcitability, including increased frequency of spontaneous and miniature EPSCs and increased amplitude of evoked EPSCs in Nulls. No such effect of genotype on Fos or synaptic function was seen at 3 weeks. In the mutant forebrain, reduced Fos expression, as well as abnormal sensorimotor function, were reversed by the NMDA receptor antagonist ketamine. In light of recent findings that the default mode network is hypoactive in autism, our data raise the possibility that hypofunction within this meta-circuit is a shared feature of RTT and other ASDs and is reversible.
Avoiding the disk bottleneck in the data domain deduplication file system (2008)

Disk-based deduplication storage has emerged as the new-generation storage system for enterprise data protection to replace tape libraries. Deduplication removes redundant data segments to compress data into a highly compact form and makes it economical to store backups on disk instead of tape. A crucial requirement for enterprise data protection is high throughput, typically over 100 MB/sec, which enables backups to complete quickly. A significant challenge is to identify and eliminate duplicate data segments at this rate on a low-cost system that cannot afford enough RAM to store an index of the stored segments and may be forced to access an on-disk index for every input segment. This paper describes three techniques employed in the production Data Domain deduplication file system to relieve the disk bottleneck. These techniques include: (1) the Summary Vector, a compact in-memory data structure for identifying new segments; (2) Stream-Informed Segment Layout, a data layout method to improve on-disk locality for sequentially accessed segments; and (3) Locality Preserved Caching, which maintains the locality of the fingerprints of duplicate segments to achieve high cache hit ratios. Together, they can remove 99 % of the disk accesses for deduplication of real world workloads. These techniques enable a modern two-socket dual-core system to run at 90 % CPU utilization with only one shelf of 15 disks and achieve 100 MB/sec for single-stream throughput and 210 MB/sec for multi-stream throughput. 1
Talking genes (2006)

The worlds of genetics and speech pathology intersect in several places: some communication disorders clearly have a genetic basis, and many genetic conditions or syndromes have an effect on speech and language. The rapid changes in the world of genetics present a challenge to health professionals in maintaining their knowledge of this field. This paper will introduce genetics terminology and concepts that are useful in understanding genetics. With particular reference to paediatric genetic conditions, three important points in relation to speech and genetics will be discussed: (i) common disorders such as specific language impairment, cleft lip/palate and dyslexia have a multifactorial basis; (ii) the study of rare single gene syndromes can further the understanding of more common multifactorial conditions, and (iii) many syndromes have a speech and language phenotype as an important feature of the condition. Speech-language pathologists play an important role in recognising these phenotypes and assisting in the process of syndrome diagnosis.
Small lymphocytic lymphoma. (1989)

The clinical course of 54 patients with small lymphocytic lymphoma (SL) was reviewed. The majority of patients had disseminated lymphoma at the time of diagnosis; 14 patients (26%) presented with Ann Arbor stage I and II disease. Five- and 10-year survival for all patients was 76% and 49%. The only clinicopathologic features identified that predicted a shortened survival were the presence or absence of systemic (B) symptoms (15% v 63% at 10 years, P = .01) and a diffuse rather than pseudofollicular nodal architecture (47% v 87% at 10 years, P = .04). Initial bone marrow involvement was not an adverse prognostic factor for patients who presented with stage III and IV disease. Ten patients developed a marked lymphocytosis consistent with progression to a leukemic phase (chronic lymphocytic leukemia [CLL]). These ten patients had a median initial lymphocyte count of 2,790, compared with 1,580 for those patients who did not progress to CLL (P = .0001). Developing CLL did not adversely affect survival (P = .48). Thirty-seven patients were treated with various combinations of radiation and chemotherapy; 17 patients received no initial therapy. Ten-year freedom from relapse (FFR) for stage I and II patients treated with irradiation was 80% and 62%; FFR for stage III and IV treated patients was 11%. Despite the marked differences in FFR, no statistically significant difference in survival could be demonstrated between the various stages. Selected patients with advanced SL received no initial therapy; these patients had a 10-year survival that was not statistically different from the immediately treated stage III and IV patients. Patients with stage I and II SL should be treated with irradiation; prolonged FFR and possibly cure of the disease can be achieved in these patients.
Study of the In Vitro Activities of Rifaximin and Comparator Agents against 536 Anaerobic Intestinal Bacteria from the Perspective of Potential Utility in Pathology Involving Bowel Flora (2008)

Rifaximin, ampicillin-sulbactam, neomycin, nitazoxanide, teicoplanin, and vancomycin were tested against 536 strains of anaerobic bacteria. The overall MIC of rifaximin at which 50% of strains were inhibited was 0.25 microg/ml. Ninety percent of the strains tested were inhibited by 256 microg/ml of rifaximin or less, an activity equivalent to those of teicoplanin and vancomycin but less than those of nitazoxanide and ampicillin-sulbactam.
Human IL-12 p40 homodimer binds to the IL-12 receptor but does not mediate biologic activity. (1995)

IL-12, a heterodimeric cytokine, consists of two disulfide-linked subunits, p40 and p35. We investigated the role of p40 in ligand binding and signal transduction by expressing this subunit alone in COS cells. Culture media of the transfected COS cells exhibited specific dose-dependent binding to KIT225/K6 cells, a human T cell line that expresses IL-12R. Analysis of the culture media by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting demonstrated the presence of 40-kDa monomers and 80-kDa disulfide-linked homodimers. The two p40 species were purified and identified by N-terminal sequencing and proteolytic peptide mapping. Characterization of the p40 proteins for binding and bioactivity showed that both the p40 monomer and dimer inhibited 125I-labeled IL-12 binding to IL-12R, but the 80-kDa species, having a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 20 to 70 ng/ml, was at least 20-fold more effective than the monomer. Although neither the monomer nor the dimer stimulated human PHA-blast proliferation, the 80-kDa dimer inhibited IL-12-induced proliferation in a dose-dependent manner with an IC50 of 65 ng/ml. The results suggest that the IL-12 p40 subunit contains the essential epitopes for receptor binding. However, a proper conformation required for high affinity binding is achieved only when p40 is associated with a p35 subunit or another p40 subunit. When p40 is associated with a p35 subunit, the heterodimer acts as an agonist mediating biologic activity. However, when p40 associates with another p40, the homodimer behaves as an antagonist in vitro.
Ytterbium-doped silica fiber lasers: versatile sources for the 1-1.2 μm region (1995)

Ytterbium-doped silica fibers exhibit very broad absorption and emission bands, from /spl sim/800 nm to /spl sim/1064 nm for absorption and /spl sim/970 nm to /spl sim/1200 nm for emission. The simplicity of the level structure provides freedom from unwanted processes such as excited state absorption, multiphonon nonradiative decay, and concentration quenching. These fiber lasers therefore offer a very efficient and convenient means of wavelength conversion from a wide variety of pump lasers, including AlGaAs and InGaAs diodes and Nd:YAG lasers. Efficient operation with narrow linewidth at any wavelength in the emission range can be conveniently achieved using fiber gratings. A wide range of application for these sources can be anticipated. In this paper, the capabilities of this versatile source are reviewed. Analytical procedures and numerical data are presented to enable design choices to be made for the wide range of operating conditions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
A Facile synthesis of 2-Methyl-1,2,3-Triazoles (2003)

Reaction of α-bromoacetophenone bearing various substituents on the benzene rings with methylhydrazine in refluxing acetic acid afforded 2-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3-triazoles. The relation between the substituents and the yields is briefly discussed.
Glycosyltransferase‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Thiooligosaccharides (2004)

An alternative to chemical synthesis: thiooligosaccharides can be prepared from appropriate carbohydrate thiols and sugar nucleotide donors by incubation with glycosyltransferases. The products of these reactions are stable towards glycosylhydrolases and may serve as antigens with extended in vivo availability. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2004/z52606_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Polyvalent Oligonucleotide Iron Oxide Nanoparticle “Click” Conjugates (2010)

We have utilized the copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne reaction to form a dense monolayer of oligonucleotides on a superparamagnetic nanoparticle core. These particles exhibit the canonical properties of materials densely functionalized with DNA, which can be controlled by modulating the density of oligonucleotides on the surface of the particles. Furthermore, like their Au analogues, these particles can easily cross HeLa (cervical cancer) cell membranes without transfection agents due to their dense DNA shell. Importantly, this approach should be generalizable to other azide-functionalized particles.
Antioxidant Protection of Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Fish Oil Oxidation by Polyphenolic-Enriched Apple Skin Extract (2009)

Two apple skin extracts (ASE) prepared from "Northern Spy" cultivar were examined for their antioxidant properties to inhibit lipid oxidation in aqueous eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) emulsions and bulk fish oil. The ASE were effective in reducing the oxidation induced by heat, UV light and peroxyl radical, when the extent of oxidation of the emulsions and bulk oil was measured by using the ferric thiocyanate test, the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances assay and Rancimat. On the basis of total phenolic concentration of extracts, removal of sugars and organic acids (ASE 2) from crude ethanol extract of apple skins (ASE 1) enhanced the antioxidant properties in both the emulsion and bulk fish oil systems. The average induction times of accelerated oxidation at 50 to 80 degrees C of fish oil incorporated with ASE 2 (400 microg/mL) was similar to that of alpha-tocopherol (400 microg/mL) and butylated hydroxytoluene (200 microg/mL).
Clonal genomic alterations in glioma malignancy stages. (1988)

Comparison of constitutional and tumor genotypes at chromosomal loci defined by restriction fragment length alleles has proven useful in determining the genomic position and tissue specificity of recessive mutations that predispose to cancer (Hansen, M.F., and Cavenee, W.K. Cancer Res., 47:5518-5527, 1987). Here we have applied this approach to 53 unrelated patients with glial tumors of varying histological malignancy grade. Loss of constitutional heterozygosity for loci on chromosome 10 was observed in 28 of 29 tumors histologically classified as glioblastoma (malignancy grade IV) whereas no similar losses were observed in any of 22 gliomas of lower malignancy grade. Examination of restriction fragment length alleles on other chromosomes revealed that loss of sequences on chromosomes 13, 17, or 22 had occurred at nonrandom frequencies and in at least one instance of each malignancy grade of adult glioma. The tumors in which loss of constitutional heterozygosity was observed were composed of one or a mixture of glial cell subtypes displaying astrocytic, oligodendrocytic, and/or ependymal differentiation. These results demonstrate a close association of the loss of chromosome 10 sequences with the most malignant histological stage of glioma and that glioblastoma arises as the clonal expansion of an earlier staged precursor. Furthermore they suggest that glioblastoma is a common phenotypic and malignancy terminus for glial tumors of various cellular subtypes which is reached through a common molecular pathway. This approach which involves the identification of malignancy stage specific somatic losses of heterozygosity provides a genotypic, rather than phenotypic, analysis of tumor progression.
B Lymphocyte Antigen D8/17 and Repetitive Behaviors in Autism (1999)

D8/17 expression is high in patients with autism and may serve as a marker for compulsion severity within autism.
FlexGrip: A soft GPGPU for FPGAs (2013)

Over the past decade, soft microprocessors and vector processors have been extensively used in FPGAs for a wide variety of applications. However, it is difficult to straightforwardly extend their functionality to support conditional and thread-based execution characteristic of general-purpose graphics processing units (GPGPUs) without recompiling FPGA hardware for each application. In this paper, we describe the implementation of FlexGrip, a soft GPGPU architecture which has been optimized for FPGA implementation. This architecture supports direct CUDA compilation to a binary which is executable on the FPGA-based GPGPU without hardware recompilation. Our architecture is customizable, thus providing the FPGA designer with a selection of GPGPU cores which display performance versus area tradeoffs. The benefits of our architecture are evaluated for a collection of five standard CUDA benchmarks which are compiled using standard GPGPU compilation tools. Speedups of up to 30× versus a MicroBlaze microprocessor are achieved for designs which take advantage of the conditional execution capabilities offered by FlexGrip.