gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nitric oxide-induced genotoxicity, mitochondrial damage, and apoptosis in human lymphoblastoid cells expressing wild-type and mutant p53 (2002)

Nitric oxide (NO(*)) is mutagenic and, under appropriate conditions of exposure, also induces apoptosis in many in vitro and in vivo experimental models. Biochemical and cellular mechanisms through which NO(*) induces apoptosis are incompletely understood, but involve p53/mitochondria-dependent signaling pathways. In this study, we exposed human lymphoblastoid cells harboring either wild-type (TK6 cells) or mutant p53 (WTK-1 cells) to NO(*), delivered by diffusion through Silastic tubing. Cells were exposed for 2 h at constant rates of 100-533 nM/s, similar to levels estimated to occur in vivo in inflamed tissues. DNA double-strand breaks and fragmentation detected 8-48 h after NO(*) treatment were more extensive in TK6 cells than in WTK-1 cells, whereas NO(*)-induced mutant fractions in both HPRT and TK1 genes were significantly lower in TK6 cells than in WTK-1 cells (P < 0.01-0.05). Treatment of TK6 cells with NO(*) caused extensive apoptosis, but this response was delayed and greatly reduced in magnitude in WTK-1 cells. Mitochondrial membrane depolarization and cytochrome c release were induced in both cell types. However, elevation of apoptotic protease-activating factor-1 (Apaf-1) protein and reduction of X-chromosome-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) protein were observed only in TK6 cells. These results indicate that p53 status is an important modulator of NO(*)-induced mutagenesis and apoptosis, and suggest that levels of the Apaf-1 and XIAP proteins, but not mitochondrial depolarization and cytochrome c release, are regulated by p53 in these human lymphoblastoid cells. Thus, Apaf-1 and XIAP may play important roles in the regulation of p53-mediated apoptotic responses.
Cobra polypeptide cytotoxin I and marine worm polypeptide cytotoxin A‐IV are potent and selective inhibitors of phospholipid‐sensitive Ca2+‐dependent protein kinase (1983)

The effects of a number of polypeptide cytotoxins and neurotoxins on various protein kinases were examined. It was found that cobra cytotoxin I and marine worm cytotoxin A-IV effectively and specifically inhibited phospholipid-sensitive Ca2+-dependent protein kinase (PL-Ca-PK) relative to myosin light chain kinase and cyclic nucleotide-dependent protein kinases. Inhibition of PL-Ca-PK by these cytotoxins could be overcome by phosphatidylserine. Neurotoxins, in comparison, were much less effective inhibitors. The present findings indicated that these polypeptide cytotoxins, unlike other agents reported to date, were selective inhibitors of PL-Ca-PK and could be used to differentiate Ca2+-dependent events regulated by phospholipid or calmodulin.
The nucleotide sequence of pACYC177 (1988)

Journal Article The nucleotide sequence of pACYC177 Get access Ronald E. Rose Ronald E. Rose Calgene Inc.1920 Fifth Street, Davis, CA 95616, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 16, Issue 1, 11 January 1988, Page 356, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/16.1.356 Published: 11 January 1988 Article history Accepted: 18 November 1987 Published: 11 January 1988
Experimental demonstration of aperiodic patterns of directed self-assembly by block copolymer lithography for random logic circuit layout (2010)

We have experimentally demonstrated block copolymer lithography in conjunction with optical lithography features on dimensional scales close to the natural pitch of the self-assembling block copolymer. Within this context, the inherent self-assembled shape, size and arrangement will self-adjust to accommodate the external confinement. This added flexibility of directed self-assembly of aperiodic patterns can potentially be used for patterning contact holes for random logic circuit layout.
An Orally Bioavailable Oxime Ether Capsid Binder with Potent Activity against Human Rhinovirus (2003)

A series of capsid-binding compounds was screened against human rhinovirus (HRV) using a CPE based assay. The ethyl oxime ether 14 was found to have outstanding anti-HRV activity (median IC(50) 4.75 ng/mL), and unlike the equivalent ethyl ester compound 3 (Pirodavir), it has good oral bioavailability, making it a promising development candidate. Compound 14 illustrates that an oxime ether group can act as a metabolically stable bioisostere for an ester functionality.
OVARIAN AND ADRENAL STEROIDS DURING PREGNANCY AND THE OESTROUS CYCLE IN THE RAT (1977)

Changes in adrenocortical function of the rat during the 4-day oestrous cycle and pregnancy were studied in vivo and in vitro . Regulation of adrenal production of progesterone and corticosterone was of particular interest. Morning (09.00 h) plasma concentrations of corticosterone were similar at each phase of the cycle, but a higher concentration was found in the afternoon (15.00 h pro-oestrus). However, the rate of progesterone utilization for corticosterone production by adrenal homogenates was essentially unchanged at all periods of the cycle. Therefore, the activities of the 21- and 11β-hydroxylating systems appeared not to be important determinants of plasma corticosterone levels (coefficient of determination ( r 2 ) = 0·06). These results indicate that adrenal secretion of progesterone is not specifically regulated during the cycle. On the other hand, resting plasma levels of corticosterone declined by 80–85% from the value on the morning of pro-oestrus between days 5 and 12 of pregnancy and then increased on day 22 and after parturition. These fluctuations did not result from alterations in the rate of metabolic clearance but rather, were closely coupled to the capacity of adrenal tissue to convert progesterone to corticosterone ( r 2 = 0·87). These findings suggest that progesterone utilization may be specifically curtailed at the expense of corticosterone production at days 5 and 12 of pregnancy. Concurrent measurements of adrenal venous progesterone and ovarian venous progesterone (under stressful conditions) showed that the adrenal gland secretes 2–10 times more progesterone than the ovary at all stages of the oestrous cycle, on day 22 of pregnancy, and on the first day of lactation. Thus, the adrenal gland is capable of secreting large amounts of progesterone which, if present at the appropriate time, may inhibit, delay or facilitate ovulation and onset of mating behaviour as described by other workers. Under such circumstances, however, progesterone secretion appears not to be specifically regulated but seems instead to be due to precursor spillover, since the proportionate secretion of corticosterone does not change.
Ultrathin oriented zeolite LTA films (1997)

J. Hedlund, B. Schoeman and J. Sterte, Chem. Commun., 1997, 1193 DOI: 10.1039/A702616A
Laboratory Immunology & Serology (1992)

Extensively revised to reflect new advances to previously held concepts, this method-oriented book is a practical presentation of clinical immunology and serological procedures. Designed with the student in mind, the text uses simple language, illustrations and tables to allow for easier understanding of the more complex subjects. This edition is more user-friendly, featuring a soft cover, a second colour highlighting key material and a summary section called Just the Facts.
Increased aquaporin-4 expression in ammonia-treated cultured astrocytes (2003)

Brain edema is a serious complication of hepatic encephalopathy associated with fulminant hepatic failure (FHF). Factors responsible for such swelling are not clear, but ammonia, a toxin strongly implicated in FHF, is known to induce astrocyte swelling. The mechanism(s) responsible for ammonia-induced swelling, however, are not known. Aquaporins are plasma membrane proteins that mediate transmembrane water movement. To investigate the potential role of aquaporins in astrocyte swelling, we measured aquaporin-4 (AQP-4) protein expression in cultured astrocytes exposed to 5 mM NH4Cl. AQP-4 levels significantly increased 10 h after treatment with ammonia, and displayed a progressive rise up to 48 h, which appeared to precede the onset of astrocyte swelling. AQP-4 may be involved in the astrocyte swelling associated with hyperammonemic states.
Fiber optic pH probe for physiological use (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFiber optic pH probe for physiological useJohn I. Peterson, Seth R. Goldstein, Raphael V. Fitzgerald, and Delwin K. BuckholdCite this: Anal. Chem. 1980, 52, 6, 864–869Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50056a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50056a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1456Altmetric-Citations358LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
(Hg, Cd)Te Photodiodes for Communication Systems (1974)

(Hg,Cd)Te material and photodiode fabrication processes have been developed to provide high performance detectors for a wide range of system applications. Major emphasis has been placed on detectors for 10.6-micrometer laser detection, although detectors have been designed and fabricated to cover the infrared spectrum between 1.5 and 14 micrometers. Since the principal laser source being considered for optical communications is the CO2 laser at 10.6 micrometers, factors affecting detector performance for this wavelength are the subject of this paper. This paper discusses basic material considerations, doping concentrations and carrier transport which affect photodiode performance. Additionally, tradeoffs in photodiode design for specific applications are presented together with predicted performance based upon expected refinement in material and process technology.
An example-based mapping method for text categorization and retrieval (1994)

A unified model for text categorization and text retrieval is introduced. We use a training set of manually categorized documents to learn word-category associations, and use these associations to predict the categories of arbitrary documents. Similarly, we use a training set of queries and their related documents to obtain empirical associations between query words and indexing terms of documents, and use these associations to predict the related documents of arbitrary queries. A Linear Least Squares Fit (LLSF) technique is employed to estimate the likelihood of these associations. Document collections from the MEDLINE database and Mayo patient records are used for studies on the effectiveness of our approach, and on how much the effectiveness depends on the choices of training data, indexing language, word-weighting scheme, and morphological canonicalization. Alternative methods are also tested on these data collections for comparison. It is evident that the LLSF approach uses the relevance information effectively within human decisions of categorization and retrieval, and achieves a semantic mapping of free texts to their representations in an indexing language. Such a semantic mapping lead to a significant improvement in categorization and retrieval, compared to alternative approaches.
Detection of apnea using a short-window FFT technique and an artificial neural network (1998)

Sleep apnea is characterized by frequent prolonged interruptions of breathing during sleep. This syndrome causes severe sleep disorders and is often responsible for development of other diseases such as heart problems, high blood pressure and daytime fatigue, etc. After diagnosis, sleep apnea is often successfully treated by applying positive air pressure (CPAP) to the mouth and nose. Although effective, the (CPAP) equipment takes up a lot of space and the connected mask causes a lot of inconvenience for the patients. This raised interest in developing new techniques for treatment of sleep apnea syndrome. Several studies have indicated that electrical stimulation of the hypoglossal nerve and muscle in the tongue may be a useful method for treating patients with severe sleep apnea. In order to be able to successfully prevent the occurrence of apnea it is necessary to have some technique for early and fast on-line detection or prediction of the apnea events. This paper suggests using measurements of respiratory airflow (mouth temperature). The signal processing for this task includes the use of a short window FFT technique and uses an artificial back propagation neural net to model or predict the occurrence of apneas. The results show that early detection of respiratory interruption is possible and that the delay time for this is small.
Gold over Branched Palladium Nanostructures for Photothermal Cancer Therapy (2015)

Bimetallic nanostructures show exciting potential as materials for effective photothermal hyperthermia therapy. We report the seed-mediated synthesis of palladium-gold (Pd-Au) nanostructures containing multiple gold nanocrystals on highly branched palladium seeds. The nanostructures were synthesized via the addition of a gold precursor to a palladium seed solution in the presence of oleylamine, which acts as both a reducing and a stabilizing agent. The interaction and the electronic coupling between gold nanocrystals and between palladium and gold broadened and red-shifted the localized surface plasmon resonance absorption maximum of the gold nanocrystals into the near-infrared region, to give enhanced suitability for photothermal hyperthermia therapy. Pd-Au heterostructures irradiated with an 808 nm laser light caused destruction of HeLa cancer cells in vitro, as well as complete destruction of tumor xenographs in mouse models in vivo for effective photothermal hyperthermia.
All-silica single-mode optical fiber with photonic crystal cladding (1996)

We report the fabrication of a new type of optical waveguide: the photonic crystal fiber. It consists of a pure silica core surrounded by a silica-air photonic crystal material with a hexagonal symmetry. The fiber supports a single robust low-loss guided mode over a very broad spectral range of at least 458-1550 nm.
Merasa: Multicore Execution of Hard Real-Time Applications Supporting Analyzability (2010)

The Merasa project aims to achieve a breakthrough in hardware design, hard real-time support in system software, and worst-case execution time analysis tools for embedded multicore processors. The project focuses on developing multicore processor designs for hard real-time embedded systems and techniques to guarantee the analyzability and timing predictability of every feature provided by the processor.
PERMEATION AND SELECTIVITY OF TRP CHANNELS (2005)

Ion channels are pore-forming transmembrane proteins that allow ions to permeate biological membranes. Pore structure plays a crucial role in determining the ion permeation and selectivity properties of particular channels. In the past few decades, efforts have been undertaken to identify key elements of the pore regions of different classes of ion channels. In this review, we summarize current knowledge about permeation and selectivity of channel proteins from the transient receptor potential (TRP) superfamily. Whereas all TRP channels are permeable for cations, only two TRP channels are impermeable for Ca2+ (TRPM4, TRPM5), and two others are highly Ca2+ permeable (TRPV5, TRPV6). Despite the great advances in the TRP channel field during the past decade, only a limited number of reports have dealt with functional characterization of pore properties, biophysical aspects of cation permeation, or description of pore structures of TRP channels. This review gives an overview of available experimental and theoretical data and discusses the functional impact of pore-structure modifications on TRP channel properties.
Pet, an Autotransporter Enterotoxin from Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (1998)

Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) is an emerging cause of diarrheal illness. Clinical data suggest that diarrhea caused by EAEC is predominantly secretory in nature, but the responsible enterotoxin has not been described. Work from our laboratories has implicated a ca. 108-kDa protein as a heat-labile enterotoxin and cytotoxin, as evidenced by rises in short-circuit current and falls in tissue resistance in rat jejunal tissue mounted in an Ussing chamber. Here we report the genetic cloning, sequencing, and characterization of this high-molecular-weight heat-labile toxin. The toxin (designated the plasmid-encoded toxin [Pet]) is encoded on the 65-MDa adherence-related plasmid of EAEC strain 042. Nucleotide sequence analysis suggests that the toxin is a member of the autotransporter class of proteins, characterized by the presence of a conserved C-terminal domain which forms a beta-barrel pore in the bacterial outer membrane and through which the mature protein is transported. The Pet toxin is highly homologous to the EspP protease of enterohemorrhagic E. coli and to EspC of enteropathogenic E. coli, an as yet cryptic protein. In addition to its potential role in EAEC infection, Pet represents the first enterotoxin within the autotransporter class of secreted proteins. We hypothesize that other closely related members of this class may also produce enterotoxic effects.
Survival analysis of clinical, pathologic, and genetic features in neuroblastoma presenting as locoregional disease (2001)

Locoregional neuroblastoma tumors with diploid DNA index, regardless of other biologic features, have increased risk of local recurrence and Stage 4 progression.
HMG Box A in HMG2 Protein Functions as a Mediator of DNA Structural Alteration Together with Box B (2001)

Nonhistone protein HMG2, like HMG1, binds with B-DNA in a sequence-nonspecific manner and causes structural alterations in DNA such as bending, kinking and unwinding. Here, we studied the functions of HMG2 domains in the DNA structural alteration and modulation by using various HMG2 peptides, and we demonstrated several new findings. The HMG box itself as a DNA-binding motif may have the basic function of inducing curvature, resulting in the apparent DNA bending in the DNA cyclization assay, but not of abruptly kinking DNA. The DNA-binding activity of HMG box B, which is enhanced by the presence of box A, together with the flanking regions of box B, causes DNA bending accompanying the kinking of the DNA main chain. The DNA unwinding accompanied by DNA kinking diminishes cruciform structures in supercoiled DNA. Analysis using mutant peptides for box A confirmed that box A in HMG2 functions as a mediator of DNA structural alteration together with box B. The present studies on the functional properties of the respective regions of HMG2 may help to elucidate the protein function.
Rapid, one‐step, high yielding 18F‐labeling of an aryltrifluoroborate bioconjugate by isotope exchange at very high specific activity (2012)

A rapid, single step, aqueous 18 F‐labeling method that proceeds under mild conditions to provide radiotracers in high radiochemical yield and at high specific activity represents a long‐standing challenge. Arylboronates capture aqueous 18 F‐fluoride ion in buffered pH 2–3 at moderate temperature to provide a highly polar 18 F‐ArBF 3 − anion. Similarly, 19 F‐ 18 F isotope exchange on a 19 F‐ArBF 3 − should create an 18 F‐ArBF 3 − . We hypothesized that this reaction would proceed in volumes that would be amenable to the high levels of 18 F‐activity used in clinical hospitals. In order to measure both radiochemical and chemical yields, along with specific activity, we linked an alkyne‐ 19 F‐ArBF 3 − to rhodamine azide by standard click chemistry to afford a precursor Rh‐ 19 F‐ArBF 3 − . This precursor was aliquoted in portions of 50 nmol and lyophilized for on‐demand use. Using robotic manipulators in a hot cell, we combined &gt;29.6 GBq (800 mCi) and 50 nmol of the Rh‐ 19 F‐ArBF 3 − in aqueous dimethylformamide at buffered pH 2–3. Following mild heating (40 °C) for 10‐15 min, the reaction was quenched and analyzed. We observed radiochemical yields of 50% and specific activities of nearly 555 GBq/µmol (15 Ci/µmol). Similar radiochemical yields and slightly lower specific activities were also obtained with ~400 mCi ( n = 2). With radiochemical yields in the hundreds of millicuries and specific activities that are 3–10‐fold higher than most radiotracers, this method is very attractive method for preparing clinically useful radiotracers. Moreover, the ability to produce tracers at extraordinarily high specific activities expands the distribution time window from production labs to distant positron emission tomography scanners. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Alu -Containing Exons are Alternatively Spliced (2002)

Alu repetitive elements are found in approximately 1.4 million copies in the human genome, comprising more than one-tenth of it. Numerous studies describe exonizations of Alu elements, that is, splicing-mediated insertions of parts of Alu sequences into mature mRNAs. To study the connection between the exonization of Alu elements and alternative splicing, we used a database of ESTs and cDNAs aligned to the human genome. We compiled two exon sets, one of 1176 alternatively spliced internal exons, and another of 4151 constitutively spliced internal exons. Sixty one alternatively spliced internal exons (5.2%) had a significant BLAST hit to an Alu sequence, but none of the constitutively spliced internal exons had such a hit. The vast majority (84%) of the Alu-containing exons that appeared within the coding region of mRNAs caused a frame-shift or a premature termination codon. Alu-containing exons were included in transcripts at lower frequencies than alternatively spliced exons that do not contain an Alu sequence. These results indicate that internal exons that contain an Alu sequence are predominantly, if not exclusively, alternatively spliced. Presumably, evolutionary events that cause a constitutive insertion of an Alu sequence into an mRNA are deleterious and selected against.
Position estimation of mobile robots with internal and external sensors using uncertainty evolution technique (2002)

A wheeled mobile robot on a flat plane can estimate its current location and orientation from the cumulative wheel rotation (dead reckoning). The method, however, has the drawback that estimation errors are accumulated as the robot moves, and the accuracy of estimation decreases. To address this problem, a positioning technique using an external sensor is needed. The authors propose a more general positioning method whereby the robot can act autonomously and move along a path unlimited by positioning. The robot can modify the position estimated by dead reckoning by repeating low-level sensing asynchronously and intermittently. This method uses not only the estimated position data but also the accuracy of the dead reckoning and the external sensor effectively.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>