gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Polydentate Amine and Ether Solvates of Lithium Hexamethyldisilazide (LiHMDS):  Relationship of Ligand Structure, Relative Solvation Energy, and Aggregation State (1996)

6Li, 15N, and 13C NMR spectroscopic investigations of [6Li,15N]lithium hexamethyldisilazide ([6Li,15N]LiHMDS) coordinated by 29 polyamines, polyethers, and aminoethers reveal a range of structural types including η1-coordinated mono- and disolvated dimers, η2-coordinated (3-coordinate) monomers, η1,η2-coordinated (4-coordinate) monomers, η2,η2-coordinated (5-coordinate) monomers, polymers (linked dimers), triple ions, and solvent-separated ion pairs. Ligand binding constants on the LiHMDS monomers shed light on chelate ring size and steric effects, aza- and oxaphilicity, mechanisms and rates of ligand substitution, and the "macrocyclic effect."
Energy efficiency of laser greenhouse target for a small number of irradiating beams (2003)

Targets of the "Laser Greenhouse" (GH) type are very promising ones for direct laser compression. The key feature of this type of targets is the presence of a layer of low-density volume structured medium, which surrounds a thermonuclear cell and acts as the laser radiation absorber. Some methods to achieve highly symmetrical compression of these targets by small (e.g. two) number of laser beams (or beam clusters) have been presented earlier. Simulations of compression of targets for total laser pulse energy of 100 kJ and 2.1 MJ have proved, that this type of targets allows one to achieve combustion and effective burn. In the paper we introduce the results of 2D simulations of some processes, which are specific to this design of targets. The attention is paid to the problem of symmetry of compression. We also have performed calculations of neutron yield of the target designed for compression by two beams with full energy of 2.6 kJ, and series of 2D simulations to model some microscopic processes in the absorber. The experiments on compression of the targets at energy level of 2.6 kJ can be performed on a number of present laser installations.
Monoclonal antibodies to Pgp-1/CD44 block lympho-hemopoiesis in long-term bone marrow cultures. (1990)

A new panel of mAbs was prepared to a stromal cell line known to support lymphocytes in Whitlock-Witte type long-term bone marrow cultures. These antibodies were then screened with a cell adhesion assay and four were selected that inhibited the binding of B lineage cells to stromal cell monolayers. Immunofluorescent and biochemical analyses revealed that these new antibodies detected epitopes of the previously described Pgp-1/CD44 antigen complex. Addition of Pgp-1/CD44 antibodies to Dexter-type long-term bone marrow cultures completely prevented emergence of myeloid cells and they also blocked lymphocyte growth in Whitlock-Witte type cultures. mAbs MEL-14, LFA-1, and CD45R did not inhibit under the same conditions and there was no apparent relationship to Ig isotype. Adherent layers in treated cultures were not unusual in terms of morphology and the antibodies did not affect factor-dependent replication of lymphoid or myeloid progenitor cells. Therefore, the mechanism of inhibition may not involve direct toxicity to precursors or microenvironmental elements. Previous studies in humans and mice have implicated Pgp-1/CD44-related glycoproteins in the migration of peripheral lymphoid cells, as well as interactions of cells with the extracellular matrix. These findings suggest that they may also be critical for formation of lymphoid and myeloid cells within bone marrow.
Detection and quantitation of cellularly derived amyloid β peptides by immunoprecipitation‐HPLC‐MS (1998)

A quantitative method for detection of amyloid beta peptides using immunoprecipitation-HPLC-mass spectrometry (IP-LC-MS) is described. Comparison of IP-LC-MS with sandwich ELISA revealed comparable results in the analysis of A beta 1-40 and A beta 1-42 derived from fetal guinea pig cell media and cell lysates. The use of IP-LC-MS not only allows a quantitative method for A beta 1-40 and A beta 1-42 peptides present in Alzheimer's disease (AD), but allows detection of other A beta peptide species that may also play a role in the onset of AD in humans.
Cloning of the complete coding region for human protein phosphatase inhibitor 2 using the two hybrid system and expression of inhibitor 2 in E. coli (1994)

The yeast two hybrid system has been employed to identify cDNAs encoding proteins which interact with the gamma 1 isoform of human protein phosphatase 1. Here we report the isolation of cDNA encoding human protein phosphatase inhibitor. The deduced human sequence of 205 amino acids shows 92% identity to inhibitor 2 from rabbit. Human inhibitor 2 was expressed in E. coli and purified to homogeneity. The expressed human protein inhibited both native and bacterially expressed PP1, with the same Ki (1 nM) as inhibitor 2 purified from skeletal muscle. A gene or pseudogene for inhibitor 2 may be present near the major histocompatibility complex on chromosome 6.
[Preliminary use of recombinant glycoprotein 52kd as an antigen in the diagnosis of human cytomegalovirus infection]. (1992)

Interest in the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) mainly derives from its associations with congenital malformations, mental retardation, and severe or fatal infections in immunosuppressed individuals such as transplant patients, tumor and AIDS patients. It is evidenced that there has been a need for a rapid and sensitive methods to detect an ongoing acute infection. The recent studies showed that high titers of antibody to the glycoprotein 52kd are present in sera of patients undergoing acute HCMV infection. However, purification of individual glycoprotein from HCMV-infected cells is a daunting prospect. HCMV glycoprotein 52 kd expressed via recombinant DNA techniques are a promising approach to solve this problem. In order to evaluate the diagnostic value of the recombinant glycoprotein 52 kd antigenic code region for HCMV infection, we have used the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and recombinant DNA techniques to construct successfully the high-level expression plasmid pHCMV containing the HCMV GP-52 kd antigenic code region, with the predicted protein at levels up to 20% in total bacterial protein. The expressed protein was purified from SDS-PAGE, used as an antigen in Western-blot, and reacted with 12 cases of the positive sera, 4 cases of the negative sera, following by reaction with HRP-labelled horse IgG antibody against human. The results indicated that the approach we are using to detect antibody to HCMV acute infection are as sensitive as general serological methods such as ELISA, with the advantages of easy preparation of antigen with high quantity, and clinical practicability.
“ Mycobacterium canettii ” Isolated from a Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Positive Patient: First Case Recognized in the United States (2008)

We report the first case of tuberculosis caused by "Mycobacterium canettii" recognized in the United States. The pathogen was isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid of a 30-year-old Sudanese refugee.
Electron Transport in the Nanostructured TiO2−Electrolyte System Studied with Time-Resolved Photocurrents (1997)

Laser flash induced photocurrent transient measurements have been used to investigate the electron transport in nanostructured TiO2 (anatase) thin film electrodes in contact with an electrolyte. The shape and the time domain for the current transients were found to be dependent on film thickness and electrolyte conductivity. The experimental results are discussed using a diffusion model. If the experimental results are interpreted as diffusion, a chemical diffusion coefficient for the electrons in the nanostructured system is determined to 1.5 × 10-5 cm2/s using 700 mM LiClO4 in ethanol as electrolyte.
Chimerism of the tomato plant after seed irradiation with fast neutrons. (1971)

Sideshoots below the second truss of M1 plants of irradiated Moneymaker were rooted as cuttings and their progeny and those of the first 2 trusses of the mother plants were examined for the distribution of morphological and colour mutation. Seeds collected from the lowest parts of the plant produced most mutant seedlings; physiological reasons for this are discussed. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)
Molecular imaging of endothelial progenitor cell engraftment using contrast-enhanced ultrasound and targeted microbubbles (2009)

Microbubbles targeted to a genetically engineered cell-surface marker on EPCs exhibit specific binding to EPCs in vitro. These targeted microbubbles bind to engrafted EPCs in vivo within Matrigel plugs and can be detected by their enhancement on CEU imaging.
A new self-aligned field oxide cell for multimegabit EPROMs (2003)

A novel EPROM (electrically programmable ROM) cell, suitable for production of very-high-density multimegabit memories, is described. The structure is a contactless crosspoint cell whose floating gate is self-aligned to word lines and bit lines. Strong reduction of cell area and contact number is achieved with respect to the conventional cell. Electrical characteristics and reliability behavior of this structure have been studied and are reported together with the fabrication process. It is noted that performances and scalability make this cell interesting for future multimegabit EPROM developments.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Polymers and supercritical fluids: opportunities for vibrational spectroscopy (2002)

Supercritical fluids are used for enhanced processing of polymeric materials. Therefore, there is a need to understand how supercritical fluids interact with polymeric materials and how they may modify many facets of process operations. In situ spectroscopy provides a route for understanding and optimising polymer processing with supercritical fluids. In situ spectroscopy probes interactions between supercritical CO2 and polymers at a molecular level and provides a fundamental understanding of the origin of the plasticising effect of supercritical carbon dioxide on glassy polymers. The changes in polymers subjected to supercritical fluids have been elucidated via in situ ATR(Attenuated Total Reflectance)-IR spectroscopy. The key feature of our new approach is the use of a modified diamond ATR accessory to measure spectra of polymers subjected to high-pressure gas, supercritical fluids or near-critical water. A variety of novel applications for the use of in situ ATR-IR spectroscopy to polymers are described.
High interleukin-10 production is associated with low antibody response to influenza vaccination in the elderly (2006)

The present study was designed to determine the correlation among dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), cortisol plasma levels, and immune functionality at the time of vaccination with antibody response to influenza vaccination in young and old, healthy volunteers. Fifty-two elderly subjects, ages 63-85 years, and 14 young subjects, ages 26-41 years, entered the study. Plasma levels of DHEA and cortisol and in vitro cytokine production in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) by peripheral blood leukocytes were assessed at the time of vaccination, and antibody titer was measured before and 18 days after influenza virus vaccination. Elderly subjects were characterized by an increase in the cortisol:DHEA ratio, mainly as a result of a decrease in DHEA. A decrease in LPS-induced tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), increased PHA-induced interleukin-10 (IL-10) release, and similar PHA-induced interferon-gamma production were observed in elderly subjects compared with young volunteers. Lower antibody titer to influenza A virus was observed in elderly individuals, and the seroconversion factor was found to be correlated inversely with IL-10 production and correlated directly with TNF-alpha production and to a lesser extent, with the plasma level of DHEA. These results suggest that altered cytokine production in elderly subjects at the moment of vaccination can be predictive of a low response to influenza vaccination and warrant the study of strategies to improve protection afforded by the use of vaccines.
Reduced susceptibility to ischemic brain injury and N -methyl- d -aspartate-mediated neurotoxicity in cyclooxygenase-2-deficient mice (2001)

Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), a prostanoid-synthesizing enzyme that contributes to the toxicity associated with inflammation, has recently emerged as a promising therapeutic target for several illnesses, ranging from osteoarthritis to Alzheimer's disease. Although COX-2 has also been linked to ischemic stroke, its role in the mechanisms of ischemic brain injury remains controversial. We demonstrate that COX-2-deficient mice have a significant reduction in the brain injury produced by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. The protection can be attributed to attenuation of glutamate neurotoxicity, a critical factor in the initiation of ischemic brain injury, and to abrogation of the deleterious effects of postischemic inflammation, a process contributing to the secondary progression of the damage. Thus, COX-2 is involved in pathogenic events occurring in both the early and late stages of cerebral ischemia and may be a valuable therapeutic target for treatment of human stroke.
Kinetik und Mechanismus der ringöffnenden Polymerisation von L(—)‐Lactid (1971)

Abstract Für die Polymerisation von Lactid geeignete Initiatoren sind: Diäthylzink, Triäthylaluminium oder Zinntetrachlorid; folgende Verbindungen waren unwirksam: Triäthyloxoniumtetrafluobrat, Tropyliumtetrafluoborat, Tritylumhexachloroantimonat. Phenyldiazoniumhexafluophosphat oder Aluminiumtrichlorid. Die Polymerisation besteht in einer Reaktion 1. Ordnung in bezug auf die Monomer‐Konzentration; es findet kein Abbruch statt und die Konzentration der aktiven Zentren bleibt konstant. Infolge Umesterungs‐Reaktionen ergeben sich jedoch starke Abweichungen von einem idealen lebenden Polymerisations‐System. Es wird ein koordinativer Polymerisations‐Mechanismus diskutiert. Die Brutto‐Aktivierungsenergie beträgt. 18,9 (kcal/Mol).
Methylmalonyl‐CoA Decarboxylase from Propionigenium Modestum (1997)

Methylmalonyl-CoA decarboxylase catalyses the only energy-conserving step during succinate fermentation by Propionigenium modestum: the decarboxylation of (S)-methylmalonyl-CoA to propionyl-CoA is coupled to the vectorial transport of Na+ across the cytoplasmic membrane, thereby creating a sodium ion motive force that is used for ATP synthesis. By taking advantage of the sequence similarity between the beta-subunits of other Na+-transport decarboxylases, a portion of the P. modestum beta-subunit gene was amplified by PCR with degenerated primers. The cloned PCR product then served as homologous probe for cloning suitable fragments from genomic DNA. Sequence analysis of a 3.7-kb region identified four genes which probably form a transcriptional unit, mmdADCB. Remarkably, a mmdE gene which is present in the homologous mmdADECB cluster from Veillonella parvula and encodes the 6-kDa epsilon-subunit, is missing in P. modestum. By sequence comparisons, the following functions could be assigned to the P. modestum proteins: MmdA (56.1 kDa; alpha-subunit), carboxyltransferase; MmdB (41.2 kDa; beta-subunit), carboxybiotin-carrier-protein decarboxylase; MmdC (13.1 kDa; gamma-subunit), biotin carrier protein. MmdD (14.2 kDa; delta-subunit) presumably is essential for the assembly of the complex, as shown for the corresponding V. parvula protein. Methylmalonyl-CoA decarboxylase was solubilized from membranes of P. modestum with n-dodecylmaltoside and enriched 15-fold by affinity chromatography on monomeric avidin resin. The purified protein was composed of four subunits, three of which were identified by N-terminal sequence analysis as MmdA, MmdD, and MmdC. The purified enzyme exhibited a specific activity of up to 25 U/mg protein and an apparent Km value for (S)-methylmalonyl-CoA of approximately 12 microM. Compared to the five-subunit complex of V. parvula, the four-subunit enzyme of P. modestum appeared to be more labile, presumably a consequence of the lack of the epsilon-subunit.
Obesity among outpatients with Major Depressive Disorder (2005)

Studies focusing on the prevalence of obesity in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), or the impact of excess body fat on the treatment of MDD are lacking. The aim of the present work is to systematically study obesity in MDD outpatients. A total of 369 MDD outpatients enrolled in an 8-wk trial of 20 mg fluoxetine had height and weight measured at baseline. We then examined: (1) the prevalence of being overweight or obese, (2) the relationship between obesity and a number of demographic and clinical variables, and, (3) the relationship between relative body weight and obesity with clinical response. We found that more than 50% of patients were overweight [body mass index (BMI) > or =2 5 kg/m2], while 20% were obese (BMI > or = 30 kg/m2). Obese patients presented with worse somatic well-being scores than non-obese MDD patients, but they did not differ with respect to depression severity, anxiety, somatic complaints, hopelessness or hostility. Greater relative body weight, but not obesity, predicted non-response. In conclusion, greater relative body weight was found to place MDD outpatients at risk for fluoxetine resistance.
Antimicrobial effects of anacardic acids (1969)

Anacardic acids (6-alkylsalicylic acids) inhibited metabolism of Streptococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Gyrodinium cohnii, Euglena gracilis and a white mutant of it, Neurospora crassa, Penicillium griseofulvum, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Candida utilis. The Gram-positive B. subtilis and S. faecalis were the most sensitive. The sensitivity of Gram-negative bacteria and of the protozoon G. cohnii increased with increasing unsaturation of the alkyl chain in anacardic acids. The latter organism was more sensitive when cultured in medium containing arginine instead of histidine.
Exploratory Analysis of Collaborative Web Accessibility Improvement (2010)

The Web is becoming a platform for daily activities and is expanding the opportunities for collaboration among people all over the world. The effects of these innovations are seen not only in major Web services such as wikis and social networking services but also in accessibility services. Collaborative accessibility improvement has great potential to make the Web more adaptive. Screen reader users, developers, site owners, and any Web volunteers who want to help the users are invited into the activities to improve accessibility in a timely manner. The Social Accessibility Project is an experimental service for a new needs-driven improvement model based on collaborative metadata authoring technologies. In 20 months, about 19,000 pieces of metadata were created for more than 3,000 Web pages through collaboration based on 355 requests submitted from users. We encountered many challenges as we sought to create a new mainstream approach and created distinctive features in new user interfaces to address some of these challenges. Although the new features increased user participation, serious issues remain. The productivity of the volunteers exceeded our expectations, but we found large and important problems in the users’ lack of awareness of their own accessibility problems. This is a critical problem for sustaining the active use of the service, because about 70% of the improvement starts with a request from a user. Helping users with visual impairments understand the actual issues is a crucial and challenging topic, and will lead to improved accessibility. We first introduce examples of collaboration, analyze several kinds of statistics on the activities of the users and volunteers of the pilot service, and then discuss our findings and challenges. Five future foci are considered: site-wide metadata authoring, encouraging active participation by users, quality management for the created metadata, metadata for dynamic HTML applications, and collaborations with site owners.
Irreversible Electroporation: A Novel Image-Guided Cancer Therapy (2010)

Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel tumor ablation technique using a non-thermal energy to create innumerable permanent nanopores in the cell membrane to disrupt cellular homeostasis. This disruption of cellular homeostasis initiates apoptosis which leads to permanent cell death. In our translational research, we have demonstrated that IRE can be a safe, fast and powerful method of tumor treatment. In this review, we present an overview of IRE ablation including a brief history of IRE, advantages and disadvantages of IRE and clinical and research implications of IRE.
Impact of Pre-Transplant Opiate Use On Outcomes in Liver Transplant Recipients. (2014)

Opioid use and abuse is becoming increasingly prevalent. However, there are no studies examining whether opioid use prior to LTx has any deleterious effect on outcomes. METHODS: Retrospective, longitudinal cohort study of LTx recipients from Oct 2010 to June 2013. Exclusions were pediatrics, prisoners, or pregnancy. The risk cohort was defined as those who used scheduled opiates prior to txp, which was propensity score matched (1:6) to a control cohort for baseline characteristics, including demographics, underlying disease, and opioid use. RESULTS: 91 patients were analyzed, with 13 patients taking scheduled opiates prior to LTX. Patients taking scheduled opiates had a numerically higher number of complications leading to a new hospitalization or outpatient intervention and a significantly greater number of complications leading to extended hospitalization (p=0.011, Table 1). This cohort was also 2.2 times more likely to experience greater than 5 total complications (69% vs. 37%, p=0.037), more likely to experience uncontrolled pain post-transplant (46% vs 13%, p=0.10) and had significantly higher mean McCaffery pain scores during their initial transplant visit (5.5 vs. 2.5, p<0.001).Table: No Caption available.CONCLUSIONS: Scheduled opiate use pre-LTx is associated with more complications and higher resource utilization post-transplant.
On the development of NAD(P)H-sensitive fluorescent probes (2000)

In contrast to current, multi-reagent assay systems, the development of a single reagent that can be used to assay NAD(P)H is described. The reagent eliminates the fluorophore 4-methylumbelliferone from a quinoxalinium adduct upon reduction and the chemistry of this process is described.
Eosinophil infiltration and degranulation in normal human tissue (1998)

Localization of eosinophil granule major basic protein by immunofluorescence permits recognition of both eosinophil infiltration and degranulation. Over the past decade and a half, our laboratory has shown that eosinophil infiltration and degranulation occur in many diseased tissues in humans; among normal tissues studied as controls, only the gut showed striking eosinophil infiltration and degranulation. Using an indirect immunofluorescence procedure for the detection of major basic protein, we extended our analyses of normal human tissues to include tissues from essentially all body organs; a total of 117 biopsy/autopsy specimens were analyzed. To determine whether the method of tissue procurement affected the level of eosinophil degranulation in the normal gastrointestinal tract, normal proximal jejunum from six patients was biopsied using either an endoscopic forceps or a scalpel at the time of elective surgery and examined by immunofluorescence. Spleen, lymph node, and thymus tissues showed eosinophil infiltration with scant evidence of degranulation, but the only organ showing both eosinophil infiltration and remarkable degranulation was the gastrointestinal tract. Eosinophil degranulation was significantly increased in specimens obtained by endoscopic forceps compared to those obtained by scalpel (P = 0.021). These results indicate that tissue procurement methods affect the degree of eosinophil degranulation in the gut. Thus, among normal human body organs, both eosinophil infiltration and appreciable degranulation consistently occur only in the gut.