gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tobramycin and FDA-Approved Iron Chelators Eliminate Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms on Cystic Fibrosis Cells (2009)

The ability of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to form antibiotic-resistant biofilms is thought to account for the inability of current therapies to resolve bacterial infections in the lungs of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). We recently described a system in which highly antibiotic-resistant P. aeruginosa biofilms grow on human CF airway epithelial cells, and using this system we showed that enhanced iron release from CF cells facilitates the development of such highly antibiotic-resistant biofilms. Given the positive role for iron in biofilm development, we investigated whether the FDA-approved iron chelators deferoxamine and deferasirox would enhance the ability of tobramycin, the primary antibiotic used to treat CF lung infections, to eliminate P. aeruginosa biofilms. The combination of tobramycin with deferoxamine or deferasirox reduced established biofilm biomass by approximately 90% and reduced viable bacteria by 7-log units. Neither tobramycin nor deferoxamine nor deferasirox alone had such a marked effect. The combination of tobramycin and FDA-approved iron chelators also prevented the formation of biofilms on CF airway cells. These data suggest that the combined use of tobramycin and FDA-approved iron chelators may be an effective therapy to treat patients with CF and other lung disease characterized by antibiotic-resistant P. aeruginosa biofilms.
The NMDA Antagonist Model for Schizophrenia: Promise and Pitfalls (1998)

Drug models have been extensively used to study the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. While they provide good insight into the neurobiology of this disorder, they have several shortcomings, which if known, help in the interpretation of results. In this paper we will discuss these shortcomings in general, and in relation to the N-methyl D-aspartate antagonist model for schizophrenia. This model has recently received a great deal of attention since both phencyclidine and the structurally related drug ketamine, produce symptoms that extend beyond psychosis per se to include other symptoms associated with schizophrenia. In fact, subanesthetic doses of ketamine in healthy individuals produce not only paranoia and perceptual alterations but also thought disorder, negative symptoms, cognitive deficits, as well as impairment on a number of electrophysiologic tests known to be abnormal in schizophrenia. These effects of ketamine will be discussed with a particular emphasis on implications for the pathophysiology and therapeutics of this disorder.
WNT5A Expression Increases during Melanoma Progression and Correlates with Outcome (2008)

Cytoplasmic WNT5A increases with melanoma progression and strong expression is associated with poor outcome.
A novel system design for implantable stimulator application (2005)

In this paper, we present a novel and implantable micro-stimulator design. Instead of generating the stimulating pulses by using the conventional computerized controller such as FPGA or MCU, the pulse width modulation (PWM) has been used to control the stimulation. The proposed system need not program the computerized controller, so it simplifies the circuit complexity and achieves the low-cost issue. The proposed micro-stimulator chip has a 5-bits programmable current selectivity and uses pulse width modulation skill to adjust the pulse width. Besides, the system has four different stimulation frequencies to be chosen and provides normal, random, and burst stimulation pulses for the practical situation.
Smoldering multiple myeloma (2015)

Smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) is an asymptomatic clonal plasma cell disorder. SMM is distinguished from monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance by a much higher risk of progression to multiple myeloma (MM). There have been major advances in the diagnosis, prognosis, and management of SMM in the last few years. These include a revised disease definition, identification of several new prognostic factors, a classification based on underlying cytogenetic changes, and new treatment options. Importantly, a subset of patients previously considered SMM is now reclassified as MM on the basis of biomarkers identifying patients with an ≥80% risk of progression within 2 years. SMM has assumed greater significance on the basis of recent trials showing that early therapy can be potentially beneficial to patients. As a result, there is a need to accurately diagnose and risk-stratify patients with SMM, including routine incorporation of modern imaging and laboratory techniques. In this review, we outline current concepts in diagnosis and risk stratification of SMM, and provide specific recommendations on the management of SMM.
Development of a New Strategy for Production of Medium-Chain-Length Polyhydroxyalkanoates by Recombinant Escherichia coli via Inexpensive Non-Fatty Acid Feedstocks (2011)

Pseudomonas putida KT2440 is capable of producing medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoates (MCL-PHAs) when grown on unrelated carbon sources during nutrient limitation. Transcription levels of genes putatively involved in PHA biosynthesis were assessed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) in P. putida grown on glycerol as a sole carbon source. The results showed that two genes, phaG and the PP0763 gene, were highly upregulated among genes potentially involved in the biosynthesis of MCL-PHAs from unrelated carbon sources. Previous studies have described phaG as a 3-hydroxyacyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP)-coenzyme A (CoA) transferase, and based on homology, the PP0763 gene was predicted to encode a medium-chain-fatty-acid CoA ligase. High expression levels of these genes during PHA production in P. putida led to the hypothesis that these two genes are involved in PHA biosynthesis from non-fatty acid carbon sources, such as glucose and glycerol. The phaG(pp) and PP0763 genes from P. putida were cloned and coexpressed with the engineered Pseudomonas sp. 61-3 PHA synthase gene phaCl (STQK)(ps) in recombinant Escherichia coli. Up to 400 mg liter(-1) MCL-PHAs was successfully produced from glucose. This study has produced the largest amount of MCL-PHAs reported from non-fatty acid carbon sources in recombinant E. coli to date and opens up the possibility of using inexpensive feedstocks to produce MCL-PHA polymers.
An Application of Wavefront Reconstruction to Interferometry (1965)

The method of wavefront reconstruction can be used in three ways to extend the usefulness of interferometry. First, a multiple fringe interferogram with a different fringe spacing, and/or a zero-order interferogram can be produced from a multiple fringe interferogram. Second, a multiple fringe interferogram can be used to produce a new interferogram which is focused on a particular plane of the object field. Third, a schlieren photograph and/or shadowgraph can be produced from an interferogram. The technique will be particularly useful for investigating transient phenomena, such as are encountered in wind-tunnel or shock-tube testing. The limitations of the technique are reviewed.
Supervised Learning of Semantic Classes for Image Annotation and Retrieval (2007)

A probabilistic formulation for semantic image annotation and retrieval is proposed. Annotation and retrieval are posed as classification problems where each class is defined as the group of database images labeled with a common semantic label. It is shown that, by establishing this one-to-one correspondence between semantic labels and semantic classes, a minimum probability of error annotation and retrieval are feasible with algorithms that are 1) conceptually simple, 2) computationally efficient, and 3) do not require prior semantic segmentation of training images. In particular, images are represented as bags of localized feature vectors, a mixture density estimated for each image, and the mixtures associated with all images annotated with a common semantic label pooled into a density estimate for the corresponding semantic class. This pooling is justified by a multiple instance learning argument and performed efficiently with a hierarchical extension of expectation-maximization. The benefits of the supervised formulation over the more complex, and currently popular, joint modeling of semantic label and visual feature distributions are illustrated through theoretical arguments and extensive experiments. The supervised formulation is shown to achieve higher accuracy than various previously published methods at a fraction of their computational cost. Finally, the proposed method is shown to be fairly robust to parameter tuning.
Malignant astrocytoma cell attachment and migration to various matrix proteins is differentially sensitive to phosphoinositide 3-OH kinase inhibitors (1999)

Phosphoinositide 3-OH kinase (PI3-K) has been shown to play an important role in the signaling pathway necessary for cytoskeletal reorganization in non-astrocytic cells. We investigated the role of PI3-K in U-251 MG human malignant astrocytoma cell adhesion and migration. Attachment of U-251 MG cells to vitronectin, fibronectin, laminin, and collagen was inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner by two specific inhibitors of PI3-K (Wortmannin and LY294002). Attachment to vitronectin, fibronectin, and laminin was more sensitive to inhibition of PI3-K (45% inhibition at 10 nM Wortmannin) than attachment to collagen (25% inhibition at 100 nM Wortmannin). Similarly, migration toward these substrates showed differential sensitivity to inhibition. Attachment of the cells to these matrix proteins resulted in an increase in PI3-K activity, as compared to that of cells in suspension, with attachment to vitronectin resulting in the greatest increase in PI3-K activity. p125 focal adhesion kinase (p125FAK) was found to co-immunoprecipitate with PI3-K from the NP40-soluble cell fraction of a 1% NP40 detergent lysate of cells in the early stages of adhesion to vitronectin and fibronectin, but not during adhesion to collagen. The expression of p125FAK protein and level of phosphorylation were similar on adherence to all three substrates. These data indicate that the sensitivity of U-251MG cell attachment and migration to PI3-K inhibitors is substrate-dependent, and that complex formation of PI3-K and p125FAK correlates with this sensitivity to PI3-K inhibitors. Our data suggest a role for PI3-K and p125FAK complex formation in PI3-K activation.
Individualization of head-related transfer functions with tournament-style listening test: Listening with other's ears (2006)

A virtual auditory display (VAD) is a system for generating spatialized sound to a listener. Commonly, VAD techniques are based on convolving head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) to a sound source. When HRTFs in a VAD are not fitted to a specific listener, the accuracy of localization is often low and produces large localization errors, typically appearing as frequent front-back confusion. However, the measurement of HRTFs for each listener for all sound-source directions requires a special measuring apparatus and a long measurement time with a listener’s physical load. The author has therefore proposed an individualization method of HRTFs called the Determination method of OptimuM Impulse-response by Sound Orientation (DOMISO). In this paper, DOMISO and its effects are introduced.
Attributes of adult stem cells (2008)

While cultured embryonic stem (ES) cells can be harvested in abundance and appear to be the most versatile of cells for regenerative medicine, adult stem cells also hold promise, but the identity and subsequent isolation of these comparatively rare cells remains problematic in most tissues, perhaps with the notable exception of the bone marrow. The ability to continuously self-renew and produce the differentiated progeny of the tissue of their location are their defining properties. Identifying surface molecules (markers) that would aid in stem cell isolation is a major goal. Considerable overlap exists between different putative organ-specific stem cells in their repertoire of gene expression, often related to self-renewal, cell survival and cell adhesion. More robust tests of 'stemness' are now being employed, using lineage-specific genetic marking and tracking to show production of long-lived clones and multipotentiality in vivo. Moreover, the characterization of normal stem cells in specific tissues may provide a dividend for the treatment of cancer. The successful treatment of neoplastic disease may well require the specific targeting of neoplastic stem cells, cells that may well have many of the characteristics of their normal counterparts.
Combinatorial Chemistry:  Libraries from Libraries, the Art of the Diversity-Oriented Transformation of Resin-Bound Peptides and Chiral Polyamides to Low Molecular Weight Acyclic and Heterocyclic Compounds. (2004)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionCombinatorial Chemistry: Libraries from Libraries, the Art of the Diversity-Oriented Transformation of Resin-Bound Peptides and Chiral Polyamides to Low Molecular Weight Acyclic and Heterocyclic Compounds.Adel Nefzi, John M. Ostresh, Yongping Yu, and Richard A. HoughtenCite this: J. Org. Chem. 2004, 69, 16, 5517Publication Date (Web):July 10, 2004Publication History Published online10 July 2004Published inissue 1 August 2004https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo040002shttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo040002scorrectionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2004 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views354Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (21 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Behavioral Synthesis Estimation Interface for Configurable Computing (2001)

The dramatic increase of the number of available transistors on a die have enabled the use of Field-Programmable-GateArrays (FPGAs) as custom computing elements. The mapping of ever larger computations to larger FPGAs, however, has exacerbated the problems of current design flows. Mapping steps such as place-and-routing can now last in the order of hours to accomplish; as the substantial increase in configurable elements and routing possibilities has undoubtedly stressed the algorithmic limitations of current synthesis tools.
In vivo tracking of platelets: circulating degranulated platelets rapidly lose surface P-selectin but continue to circulate and function. (1996)

To examine the hypothesis that surface P-selectin-positive (degranulated) platelets are rapidly cleared from the circulation, we developed novel methods for tracking of platelets and measurement of platelet function in vivo. Washed platelets prepared from nonhuman primates (baboons) were labeled with PKH2 (a lipophilic fluorescent dye), thrombin-activated, washed, and reinfused into the same baboons. Three-color whole blood flow cytometry was used to simultaneously (i) identify platelets with a mAb directed against glycoprotein (GP)IIb-IIIa (integrin alpha 11b beta 3), (ii) distinguish infused platelets by their PKH2 fluorescence, and (iii) analyze platelet function with mAbs. Two hours after infusion of autologous thrombin-activated platelets (P-selectin-positive, PKH2-labeled), 95 +/- 1% (mean +/- SEM, n = 5) of the circulating PKH2-labeled platelets had become P-selectin-negative. Compared with platelets not activated with thrombin preinfusion, the recovery of these circulating PKH2-labeled, P-selectin-negative platelets was similar 24 h after infusion and only slightly less 48 h after infusion. The loss of platelet surface P-selectin was fully accounted for by a 67.1 +/- 16.7 ng/ml increase in the plasma concentration of soluble P-selectin. The circulating PKH2-labeled, P-selectin-negative platelets were still able to function in vivo, as determined by their (i) participation in platelet aggregates emerging from a bleeding time wound, (ii) binding to Dacron in an arteriovenous shunt, (iii) binding of mAb PAC1 (directed against the fibrinogen binding site on GPIIb-IIIa), and (iv) generation of procoagulant platelet-derived microparticles. In summary, (i) circulating degranulated platelets rapidly lose surface P-selectin to the plasma pool, but continue to circulate and function; and (ii) we have developed novel three-color whole blood flow cytometric methods for tracking of platelets and measurement of platelet function in vivo.
Daratumumab plus Bortezomib, Melphalan, and Prednisone for Untreated Myeloma (2017)

Among patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma who were ineligible for stem-cell transplantation, daratumumab combined with bortezomib, melphalan, and prednisone resulted in a lower risk of disease progression or death than the same regimen without daratumumab. The daratumumab-containing regimen was associated with more grade 3 or 4 infections. (Funded by Janssen Research and Development; ALCYONE ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02195479 .).
Multiscale Directed Assembly of Polymer Blends Using Chemically Functionalized Nanoscale‐Patterned Templates (2009)

This study focuses on the rapid directed nanoscale assembly of polystyrene/polymethyl methacrylate blends into complex patterns of non-uniform geometries at multiple length scales on a single template. The patterns were created using alkanethiols on gold templates (see image) patterned by dip-pen nanolithography. These chemically functionalized nanotemplates direct the nanoscale assembly of polymer blends into non-uniform patterns in short times. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Characterization ofavrEfromPseudomonas syringaepv.tomato:A hrp-Linked Avirulence Locus Consisting of at Least Two Transcriptional Units (1995)

Cosmid clone pPT10E9 from Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato caused P. s pv. glycinea to elicit the HR on leaves of all tested soybean cultivars. The avirulence function of pPT10E9, called avrE, occurred on an 11.3-kb DNA fragment located immediately adjacent to the P. s. pv. tomato hrp gene cluster. Tn3-gus saturation mutagenesis of the avrE locus and adjacent DNA revealed at least four transcriptional units occurring immediately adjacent to the hrpRS locus that were all regulated in a manner similar to hrp genes (induced only in minimal induction media or in planta and required the hrpL and hrpRS loci for expression). Transcriptional units III and IV, but not II or V, were required for avrE function. P. s. pv. tomato DC3000 carrying mutations in each of the four transcripts retained full virulence on tomato leaves and elicited the HR on tobacco and soybean plants. This was unlike strain PT23, where mutation of avrE greatly decreased virulence on tomato leaves. The promoter regions for three of the investigated transcriptional units contained a consensus sequence occurring in the promoter regions of several other P. syringae avirulence and hrp genes. The promoter region of transcriptional unit IV, required for avrE function, did not contain such a sequence, but included an element which may function as a sigma-54 promoter. Introduction of the cloned P. s. pv. tomato avrE locus into five other P. syringae pathovars did not cause them to elicit the HR on their normal host plants.
P‐38: Unique Electrical Measurement Technology for Compensation, Inspection, and Process Diagnostics of AMOLED HDTV (2010)

Abstract A unique measurement and compensation technology for AMOLED high definition television is presented. The technique electrically measures every TFT and OLED in the backplane, useful for inspection and diagnostics in the factory, and subsequent compensation of mura, TFT‐ and OLED‐degradation.
Microvascular and tissue oxygen distribution (1996)

Understanding of oxygen delivery by the microcirculation has been dominated by the unitary component analysis of Krogh and Erlangen focussed on oxygen transport mediated by single capillaries, oxygenation of tissue as a whole being extrapolated from findings on oxygen exchange in these vessels. This analysis is under revision since capillaries are not sole sources of oxygen. It is increasingly apparent that arterioles are a significant equivalent source, while venules may serve as sinks for capillary and arteriolar oxygen. As a consequence detailed descriptions of the architecture of the microcirculation based on the tissue cylinder conceptualization does not yield new information given the non-exclusive role of capillaries as purveyors of oxygen to tissue. In the present study we investigate how tissue is oxygenated directly from the arteriolar supply on the basis of current results with newly developed optical techniques for the measurement of local intra- and extravascular pO2 by phosphorescence decay. This methodology shows that tissue regions between arterioles and venules have essentially uniform tissue pO2. The only experimentally detectable gradients in pO2 are those present in the immediate vicinity of arterioles. Findings on vascular longitudinal gradients are used to devise a model that links convective and diffusive processes, showing how blood viscosity, blood oxygen-carrying capacity and the slope of the oxygen dissociation curve are linked in determining intravascular and tissue pO2. The integrated approach provides a numerical basis for interpreting consequences of alterations in transport properties of blood applicable to the field of blood substitutes.
SICS: a sensor interaction compensation scheme for microwave imaging (2002)

A new formulation is proposed to take into account the sensors used to measure the scattered field in microwave tomography setups. This formulation provides a way to fully compensate the perturbations resulting from the presence of an array of sensors around the target under test. A simple example is given to illustrate how this compensation can be implemented on an iterative Newton-Kantorovich reconstruction algorithm and to demonstrate its efficiency.