gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Giant Moments in Palladium (1986)

Electronic structure calculations based on density-functional theory and the Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker Green's-function method yield a consistent picture of the behavior of local moments of $3d$ impurities in Pd. The calculated local impurity moments are in good agreement with experiments. The giant moments arise from rather extended polarization clouds consisting of very small induced host moments.
Elevated Serum Ubiquitin Carboxy-Terminal Hydrolase L1 Is Associated with Abnormal Blood–Brain Barrier Function after Traumatic Brain Injury (2011)

Serum S100B elevations accurately reflect blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage. Because S100B is also present in peripheral tissues, release of this protein may not be specific to central nervous system (CNS) injury. Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase 1 (UCHL1), and phosphorylated neurofilament heavy chain (pNF-H) are found exclusively in neurons, but their relationship to BBB dysfunction has not been determined. The objective of this study was to determine the accuracy of serum UCHL1 and pNF-H as measures of BBB integrity after traumatic brain injury (TBI), to and compare them to S100B. We performed a prospective study of 16 patients with moderate to severe TBI (Glasgow Coma Scale [GCS] score ≤12) and 6 patients with non-traumatic headache who had cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) collected by ventriculostomy or lumbar puncture (LP). Serum and CSF were collected at the time of LP for headache patients and at 12, 24, and 48 h after injury for TBI patients. BBB function was determined by calculating albumin quotients (Q(A)), where Q(A)=[albumin(CSF)]/[albumin(serum)]. S100B, UCHL1, and pNF-H were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Pearson's correlation coefficient and area under the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve were used to determine relationships between serum markers and Q(A). At 12 hours after TBI, a significant relationship was found between Q(A) and serum UCHL1 concentrations (AUC=0.76; 95% CI 0.55,1.00), and between Q(A) and serum S100B concentrations (AUC=0.794; 95% CI 0.57,1.02). There was no significant relationship found between these markers and Q(A) at other time points, or between pNF-H and Q(A) at any time point. We conclude that serum concentrations of UCHL1 are associated with abnormal BBB status 12 h after moderate to severe TBI. This relationship is similar to that observed between serum S100B and Q(A,) despite the fact that S100B may be released from peripheral tissues after multi-trauma. We conclude that peripheral release of S100B after multi-trauma is probably negligible and that UCHL1 may have some utility to monitor BBB disruption following TBI.
Back Injuries in Industry: A Retrospective Study (1986)

To evaluate the impact off back injury on industry, the authors conducted a retrospective analysis of injuries among hourly employees of a large industrial manufacturer in western Washington. The Boeing Company provided injury information on 31,200 employees for a 15-month period from July 1, 1979 to September 30, 1980. Of the 4,645 injuries reported, 900 were back injuries. Claims related to back injuries constituted 19% of all workers' compensation claims but were responsible for 41% of the total injury costs, or approximately $1,800,000. The 90 most expensive back injury claims (10% of all back injury claims) were responsible for 79% of the total back injury costs. The percentage of back injury claimants with claims having a total incurred cost exceeding $10,000 (6.5%) was significantly higher than the corresponding percentage of claimants (1.5%) with claims for other than back injuries (P = 0.000). A similar significant difference was found concerning the tendency of back injury claimants to have multiple claims compared with the non-back injury claimants. This retrospective study reaffirms the significant economic impact of back injuries on industry, and specifically high-cost back injuries. In addition, it provides insight into factors associated with back injury and points to positive measures that may be taken to reduce back pain and economic loss. Characteristics of the back injury and employee-related factors associated with back injury are presented in two subsequent articles.
CD4 and CD8 enumeration for HIV monitoring in resource‐constrained settings (2008)

The SP ICM is a good candidate for HIV monitoring in point-of-care settings of resource-constrained countries.
A Stretchable Form of Single-Crystal Silicon for High-Performance Electronics on Rubber Substrates (2005)

We have produced a stretchable form of silicon that consists of submicrometer single-crystal elements structured into shapes with microscale, periodic, wavelike geometries. When supported by an elastomeric substrate, this "wavy" silicon can be reversibly stretched and compressed to large levels of strain without damaging the silicon. The amplitudes and periods of the waves change to accommodate these deformations, thereby avoiding substantial strains in the silicon itself. Dielectrics, patterns of dopants, electrodes, and other elements directly integrated with the silicon yield fully formed, high-performance "wavy" metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors, p-n diodes, and other devices for electronic circuits that can be stretched or compressed to similarly large levels of strain.
Control of Silicon Dimensionality of Polysilanes and their Optical Properties (1998)

Abstract The effects of the silicon skeleton on the optical properties were studied for various kinds of polysilanes such as polysilylene, polysilyne, and soluble organosilicon nanocluster, which have one, two, and three dimensional silicon skeletons, respectively. The absorption and emission spectra of the polysilanes show the decrease of the optical band gap Eg,opt with increasing the Si-dimensionality. The quantum size effects in the optical properties of the organosilicon nanoclusters with various Si-core sizes were discussed in comparison with those of inorganic silicons. Eg,opt of the organosilicon nanocluster film heat-treated at 500°C is similar to that of a-Si, and it suggests the possibility of a-Si coating. Key Words: polysilanenanoclusterquantum size effectsa-Si coating
Palladium-catalyzed amidation of aryl, heterocyclic, and vinylic halides (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPalladium-catalyzed amidation of aryl, heterocyclic, and vinylic halidesA. Schoenberg and R. F. HeckCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1974, 39, 23, 3327–3331Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00937a004https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00937a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3050Altmetric-Citations627LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Three-Dimensional Stokes Flow Solution Using Combined Boundary Element and Finite Element Methods (1999)

Abstract This paper describes a model using boundary element and finite element methods for the solution of three-dimensional incompressible viscous flows in slow motion, using velocity-vorticity variables. The method involves the solution of diffusion-advection type vorticity equations for vorticity whose solenoidal vorticity components are obtained by solving a Poisson equation involving the velocity and vorticity components. The Poisson equations are solved using boundary elements and the vorticity diffusion type equations are solved using finite elements and both are combined. Here the results of Stokes flow with very low Reynolds number, in a typical cavity flow are presented and compared with other model results. The combined BEM-FEM model has been found to be efficient and satisfactory.
Deficient inactivation of cortisol by 11β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in essential hypertension (1993)

11 beta-Dehydrogenase is defective in a proportion of patients with essential hypertension. The normal ratios of cortisol to cortisone in plasma and of their metabolites in urine, also seen after carbenoxolone administration, suggest that 11 beta-reductase conversion of cortisone to cortisol is also defective. Unlike other syndromes of 11 beta-dehydrogenase deficiency, the defect was not associated with mineralocorticoid excess. We suggest that it may cause hypertension by increasing exposure of vascular steroid receptors to cortisol.
CD3-mediated activation of tumor-reactive lymphocytes from patients with advanced cancer (2001)

Lymphocytes from blood or tumors of patients with advanced cancer did not proliferate and produced very low levels of tumor necrosis factor and IFN-gamma when cultured with autologous tumor cells. Proliferation and lymphokine production dramatically increased in the presence of beads conjugated with mAbs to CD3 plus mAbs to CD28 and/or CD40, and the lymphocytes destroyed the tumor cells. Expression density of CD3 concomitantly increased from low to normal levels. Furthermore, beads providing a CD3 signal (in combination with CD28 or CD28 plus CD40) gave partial protection against the inhibitory effect of transforming growth factor type beta1 on lymphocyte proliferation and production of tumor necrosis factor and IFN-gamma. MHC class I-restricted cytolytic T cells lysing autologous tumor cells in a 4-h Cr(51) release assay were generated when peripheral blood leukocytes were activated in the presence of autologous tumor cells and anti-CD3/CD28 or anti-CD3/CD28/CD40 beads. Experiments performed in a model system using anti-V-beta1 or anti-V-beta2 mAbs to activate subsets of T cells expressing restricted T cell receptor showed that lymphocytes previously activated by anti-V-beta can respond to CD3 stimulation with vigorous proliferation and lymphokine production while retaining their specificity, also in the presence of transforming growth factor type beta1. Our results suggest that T lymphocytes from cancer patients can proliferate and form Th1 type lymphokines in the presence of autologous tumor cell when properly activated, and that antigen released from killed tumor cells and presented by antigen-presenting cells in the cultures facilitates the selective expansion of tumor-directed, CD8(+) cytolytic T cells.
A dynamic-threshold SOI device with a J-FET embedded source structure and a merged body-bias-control transistor. I. A J-FET embedded source structure properties (2000)

The floating-body effects in SOI CMOSFETs are fully suppressed by embedding a J-FET source structure immediately beneath the source/drain junction. The drain of the J-FET consists of a Schottky barrier diode; the holes generated in the body can easily be ejected into the source through the forward-biasing of this diode. The source-drain breakdown voltage and drain-induced barrier-lowering characteristics of this device are the same as those of a bulk device. With this structure, the body potential syncrhronously couples to the gate bias in the dynamic mode without potential hysteresis when the body-to-source resistance is properly designed. The inverter-chain delay time should be 45% of that of a bulk device operating at 1 V without an excess load.
Microbial Transformation of (−)-Guaiol and Antibacterial Activity of Its Transformed Products (2007)

Microbial transformation of the sesquiterpene (−)-guaiol (1) [1(5)-guaien-11-ol] was investigated using three fungi, Rhizopus stolonifer, Cunninghamella elegans, and Macrophomina phaseolina. Fungal transformation of 1 with Rhizopus stolonifer yielded a hydroxylated product, 1-guaiene-9β,11-diol (2). In turn, Cunninghamella elegans afforded two mono- and dihydroxylated products, 1-guaiene-3β,11-diol (3) and 1(5)-guaiene-3β,9α,11-triol (4), while Macrophomina phaseolina produced two additional oxidative products, 1(5)-guaien-11-ol-6-one (5) and 1-guaien-11-ol-3-one (6). All metabolites were found to be new compounds as deduced on the basis of spectroscopic techniques. Compounds 1−6 were evaluated for their activity against several bacterial strains.
Self-assembling Peptide Scaffolds Promote Enamel Remineralization (2007)

Rationally designed beta-sheet-forming peptides that spontaneously form three-dimensional fibrillar scaffolds in response to specific environmental triggers may potentially be used in skeletal tissue engineering, including the treatment/prevention of dental caries, via bioactive surface groups. We hypothesized that infiltration of caries lesions with monomeric low-viscosity peptide solutions would be followed by in situ polymerization triggered by conditions of pH and ionic strength, providing a biomimetic scaffold capable of hydroxyapatite nucleation, promoting repair. Our aim was to determine the effect of an anionic peptide applied to caries-like lesions in human dental enamel under simulated intra-oral conditions of pH cycling. Peptide treatment significantly increased net mineral gain by the lesions, due to both increased remineralization and inhibition of demineralization over a five-day period. The assembled peptide was also capable of inducing hydroxyapatite nucleation de novo. The results suggest that self-assembling peptides may be useful in the modulation of mineral behavior during in situ dental tissue engineering.
Effects of intravenous methylnaltrexone on opioid-induced gut motility and transit time changes in subjects receiving chronic methadone therapy: a pilot study ☆ (1999)

In this preliminary study, we evaluated the effects of methylnaltrexone, a peripheral opioid-receptor antagonist, on chronic opioid-induced gut motility and transit changes in four subjects with chronic methadone-induced constipation. Subjects participated in this single blind, placebo controlled study for up to 8 days. We gave placebo the first day; for the remainder of the study, we gave intravenous methylnaltrexone (0.05-0.45 mg/kg) twice daily. During the study period, we recorded oral-cecal transit time and opioid withdrawal symptoms, as well as laxation response based on the frequency and consistency of the stools. Subjects 1 and 2 who were administered methylnaltrexone 0.45 mg/kg, a dose previously administered in normal volunteers, showed immediate positive laxation. Subject 2, after positive laxation response, had severe abdominal cramping, but showed no opioid systemic signs of withdrawal. The subject was discontinued due to the cramping. In Subjects 3 and 4, we reduced the methylnaltrexone dose to 0.05-0.15 mg/kg. The latter two subjects also had an immediate laxation response during and after intravenous medication without significant side effects. The stool frequency of these four subjects increased from 1-2 times per week before the study to approximately 1.5 stool per day during the treatment period. Oral-cecal transit times of Subjects 1, 3, and 4 were reduced from 150, 150 and 150 min (after placebo) to 90, 60 and 60 min (with methylnaltrexone), respectively. Our preliminary results demonstrate that low dose intravenous methylnaltrexone effectively reversed chronic methadone-induced constipation and delay in gut transit time. Thus, we anticipate that cancer patients receiving chronic opioids may also have increased sensitivity to methylnaltrexone, and that low dose methylnaltrexone may have clinical utility in managing opioid-induced constipation in chronic-pain patients.
Monoclonal Antibodies against the Fusion Peptide of Hemagglutinin Protect Mice from Lethal Influenza A Virus H5N1 Infection (2008)

The HA2 glycopolypeptide (gp) is highly conserved in all influenza A virus strains, and it is known to play a major role in the fusion of the virus with the endosomal membrane in host cells during the course of viral infection. Vaccines and therapeutics targeting this HA2 gp could induce efficient broad-spectrum immunity against influenza A virus infections. So far, there have been no studies on the possible therapeutic effects of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), specifically against the fusion peptide of hemagglutinin (HA), upon lethal infections with highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus. We have identified MAb 1C9, which binds to GLFGAIAGF, a part of the fusion peptide of the HA2 gp. We evaluated the efficacy of MAb 1C9 as a therapy for influenza A virus infections. This MAb, which inhibited cell fusion in vitro when administered passively, protected 100% of mice from challenge with five 50% mouse lethal doses of HPAI H5N1 influenza A viruses from two different clades. Furthermore, it caused earlier clearance of the virus from the lung. The influenza virus load was assessed in lung samples from mice challenged after pretreatment with MAb 1C9 (24 h prior to challenge) and from mice receiving early treatment (24 h after challenge). The study shows that MAb 1C9, which is specific to the antigenically conserved fusion peptide of HA2, can contribute to the cross-clade protection of mice infected with H5N1 virus and mediate more effective recovery from infection.
Therapeutic potential of anti–interleukin‐17A aptamer: Suppression of interleukin‐17A signaling and attenuation of autoimmunity in two mouse models (2010)

Our findings indicate that the chemically processed anti-IL-17A aptamer PEG21-2idT inhibits the actions of IL-17A as well as the development of autoimmunity in 2 mouse models of inflammation. These results offer for the first time an aptamer-based therapeutic approach to the treatment of Th17 cell-mediated autoimmune disorders.
Convenient Synthesis of Novel Bis(hydrazone) and Bis(indole) Derivatives (2009)

The synthetic potency of (Z,Z)-3,3'-(ethane-1,2-diyldiimino)dibut-2-enoate (1) as a versatile precursors for the synthesis of novel bis(hydrazone) and bis(indole) derivatives via its reaction with some electrophiles and nitrogen nuclephiles was investigated.The term enaminones was introduced by Greenhill to define the enamine of a 1,3-diketone, β-ketoester or similar 1,3-difunctional reagents, and is used to indicate any compound containing the conjugated system N-C=C-C=O.2][3] In addition, enaminones are versatile intermediates that combine the ambident nucleophlicity of enamine with the ambident electrophlicity of enones.The chemistry of diethyl (Z,Z)-3,3'-(ethane-1,2-diyldiimino)dibut-2-enoate (1) 4 is potentially very interesting when one considers that there are six nucleophilic sites (a, a', c, c', e and e') and four electrophilic sites (b, b', d and d') present in this moiety (Figure 1).H N N H Me O EtO Me O OEt ' a
Structural remodelling of cardiomyocytes in the border zone of infarcted rabbit heart (2007)

Cardiomyocyte dedifferentiation, as detected in hibernating myocardium of chronic ischemic patients, is one of the characteristics seen at the border of myocardial infarcts in small and large animals. Our objectives were to study in detail the morphological changes occurring at the border zone of a rabbit myocardial infarction and its use as model for hibernating myocardium. Ligation of the left coronary artery (LAD) was performed on rabbit hearts and animals were sacrificed at 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks post-infarction. These hearts together with a non-infarcted control heart were perfusion-fixed and tissue samples were embedded in epoxy resin. Hibernating cardiomyocytes were mainly distributed in the non-infarcted region adjacent to the border zone of infarcted myocardium but only in a limited number. In the border zone itself vacuolated cardiomyocytes surrounded by fibrotic tissue were frequently observed. Ultrastructural analysis of these vacuolated cells revealed the presence of a basal lamina inside the vacuoles adjacent to the surrounding membrane, the presence of pinocytotic vesicles and an association with cisternae of the sarcoplasmatic reticulum. Myocyte quantitative analyses revealed a gradual increase in vacuolar area/total cell area ratio and in collagen fibril deposition inside the vacuoles from 2 to 12 weeks post-infarction. Related to the remote zone, the increase in cell width of myocytes located in and adjacent to the border zone demonstrated cellular hypertrophy. These results indicate the occurrence of cardiomyocyte remodelling mechanisms in the border zone and adjacent regions of infarcted myocardium. It is suggested that the vacuoles represent plasma membrane invaginations and/or dilatations of T-tubular structures.
Importance of the Debye Screening Length on Nanowire Field Effect Transistor Sensors (2007)

Nanowire field effect transistors (NW-FETs) can serve as ultrasensitive detectors for label-free reagents. The NW-FET sensing mechanism assumes a controlled modification in the local channel electric field created by the binding of charged molecules to the nanowire surface. Careful control of the solution Debye length is critical for unambiguous selective detection of macromolecules. Here we show the appropriate conditions under which the selective binding of macromolecules is accurately sensed with NW-FET sensors.
Metabolic engineering strategies for the improvement of cellulase production by Hypocrea jecorina (2009)

Hypocrea jecorina (= Trichoderma reesei) is the main industrial source of cellulases and hemicellulases used to depolymerise plant biomass to simple sugars that are converted to chemical intermediates and biofuels, such as ethanol. Cellulases are formed adaptively, and several positive (XYR1, ACE2, HAP2/3/5) and negative (ACE1, CRE1) components involved in this regulation are now known. In addition, its complete genome sequence has been recently published, thus making the organism susceptible to targeted improvement by metabolic engineering. In this review, we summarise current knowledge about how cellulase biosynthesis is regulated, and outline recent approaches and suitable strategies for facilitating the targeted improvement of cellulase production by genetic engineering.
Multimedia Support and Authoring in Microcosm: an extended model (1994)

This paper discusses the issues involved in putting the media into a hypermedia system. The main argument of the paper is that to-date media representation and underlying link strategies have been too closely tied together in the move from hypertext to hypermedia. We argue that it is necessary to separate the issues of media from link structure, and we present a model which solves some of the problems of genuine media integration in a hypermedia system. At the same time the model provides support for the creation of links between data of different media types in a conceptually meaningful way. The paper describes the design of Microcosm++, an object oriented extensible service-based architecture for building consistent integrated hypermedia systems. It is based on the Microcosm hypermedia system which was developed at Southampton. The current implementation of Microcosm++ demonstrates the flexibility of object-based services for making hypermedia more viable in a working environment. The approach described reduces authoring effort significantly while at the same time increasing the integrity of the link structures and providing a unified model for media integration.
Partial Isometries and an Invariant of C＊-algebras (2011)

在这份报纸，我们将讨论与某些无限的 C 的分类相关的 biprojection 可交换的元素的一些性质 *-algebras, 并且定义 C 的重要不变的 s (A)* 代数学 A 象一样关于 s (A) 给一些基本性质。而且我们证明不变的 s (A) 有连续性。