gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Discriminant analysis of the relation between physical properties and the inhibition of monoamine oxidase by aminotetralins and aminoindans (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDiscriminant analysis of the relation between physical properties and the inhibition of monoamine oxidase by aminotetralins and aminoindansYvonne C. Martin, James B. Holland, Charles H. Jarboe, and Nicholas PlotnikoffCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1974, 17, 4, 409–413Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00250a008https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00250a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views88Altmetric-Citations58LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Osmotic stress, endogenous abscisic acid and the control of leaf morphology in Hippuris vulgaris L. (1989)

Previous reports indicate that heterophyllous aquatic plants can be induced to form aerial-type leaves on submerged shoots when they are grown in exogenous abscisic acid (ABA). This study reports on the relationship between osmotic stress (e.g. the situation encountered by a shoot tip when it grows above the water surface), endogenous ABA (as measured by gas chromatography-electron capture detector) and leaf morphology in the heterophyllous aquatic plant, Hippuris vulgaris. Free ABA could not be detected in submerged shoots of H. vulgaris but in aerial shoots ABA occurred at ca. 40 ng (g fr wt)-1. When submerged shoots were osmotically stressed ABA appeared at levels of 26 to 40 ng (g fr wt)-1. These and other data support two main conclusions: (1) Osmotically stressing a submerged shoot causes the appearance of detectable levels of ABA. (2) The rise of ABA in osmotically stressed submerged shoots in turn induces a change in leaf morphology from the submerged to the aerial form. This corroborates the hypothesis that, in the natural environment, ABA levels rise in response to the osmotic stress encountered when a submerged shoot grows up through the water/air interface and that the increased ABA leads to the production of aerial-type leaves.
Comparative Analysis of Energy-Saving Techniques in 3GPP and 3GPP2 Systems (2009)

Energy conservation is essential to wireless networks, particularly for third-generation (3G) and fourth-generation (4G) wireless systems, because high-speed data transmissions would rapidly exhaust the energy of a mobile station. This paper presents the details of energy-saving mechanisms for packet data services in two major standards, namely, the Third-Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) and the Third-Generation Partnership Project 2 (3GPP2). In addition to qualitative comparison, analytic models and quantitative comparison based on the energy-saving models are provided. The proposed analytic models analyze and quantify the energy consumption for bursty and streaming traffic in cdma2000 and wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA). The impacts of an inactivity timer on <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">energy</i> <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">consumption</i> <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">and</i> <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">reconnection</i> <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">cost</i> are demonstrated further by simulation and analysis. The analytic results could be used to suggest proper timer lengths that can balance the energy consumption and the reconnection cost. In addition to providing insights of the energy-conservation mechanisms of 3GPP and 3GPP2, which are often difficult to directly obtain from standards specifications, results shown in this paper are also practical for 3GPP and 3GPP2 operators to determine proper parameters for energy efficiency.
Strong and oriented immobilization of single domain antibodies from crude bacterial lysates for high-throughput compatible cost-effective antibody array generation (2010)

Antibody microarrays are among the novel class of rapidly emerging proteomic technologies that will allow us to efficiently perform specific diagnoses and proteomic analysis. Recombinant antibody fragments are especially suited for this approach but their stability is often a limiting factor. Camelids produce functional antibodies devoid of light chains (HCAbs) of which the single N-terminal domain is fully capable of antigen binding. When produced as an independent domain, these so-called single domain antibody fragments (sdAbs) have several advantages for biotechnological applications thanks to their unique properties of size (15 kDa), stability, solubility, and expression yield. These features should allow sdAbs to outperform other antibody formats in a number of applications, notably as capture molecules for antibody arrays. In this study, we have produced antibody microarrays using direct and oriented immobilization of sdAbs, produced in crude bacterial lysates, to generate a proof-of-principle of a high-throughput compatible array design. Several sdAb immobilization strategies have been explored. Immobilization of in vivo biotinylated sdAbs by direct spotting of bacterial lysate on streptavidin and sandwich detection was developed to achieve high sensitivity and specificity, whereas immobilization of "multi-tagged" sdAbs via anti-tag antibodies and a direct labeled sample detection strategy was optimized for the design of high-density antibody arrays for high-throughput proteomics and identification of potential biomarkers.
Parameters affecting in vitro oxidation/folding of maurotoxin, a four-disulphide-bridged scorpion toxin (2001)

Maurotoxin (MTX) is a 34-mer scorpion toxin cross-linked by four disulphide bridges that acts on various K+ channel subtypes. MTX adopts a disulphide bridge organization of the type C1–C5, C2–C6, C3–C4 and C7–C8, and folds according to the common α/β scaffold reported for other known scorpion toxins. Here we have investigated the process and kinetics of the in vitro oxidation/folding of reduced synthetic L-MTX (L-sMTX, where L-MTX contains only l-amino acid residues). During the oxidation/folding of reduced L-sMTX, the oxidation intermediates were blocked by iodoacetamide alkylation of free cysteine residues, and analysed by MS. The L-sMTX intermediates appeared sequentially over time from the least (intermediates with one disulphide bridge) to the most oxidized species (native-like, four-disulphide-bridged L-sMTX). The mathematical formulation of the diffusion-collision model being inadequate to accurately describe the kinetics of oxidation/folding of L-sMTX, we have formulated a derived mathematical description that better fits the experimental data. Using this mathematical description, we have compared for the first time the oxidation/folding of L-sMTX with that of D-sMTX, its stereoisomer that contains only d-amino acid residues. Several experimental parameters, likely to affect the oxidation/folding process, were studied further; these included temperature, pH, ionic strength, redox potential and concentration of reduced toxin. We also assessed the effects of some cellular enzymes, peptidylprolyl cis–trans isomerase (PPIase) and protein disulphide isomerase (PDI), on the folding pathways of reduced L-sMTX and D-sMTX. All the parameters tested affect the oxidative folding of sMTX, and the kinetics of this process were indistinguishable for L-sMTX and D-sMTX, except when stereospecific enzymes were used. The most efficient conditions were found to be: 50mM Tris/HCl/1.4mM EDTA, pH7.5, supplemented by 0.5mM PPIase and 50units/ml PDI for 0.1mM reduced compound. These data represent the first report of potent stereoselective effects of cellular enzymes on the oxidation/folding of a scorpion toxin.
Efficiency of RNA Interference in the Mouse Hematopoietic System Varies between Cell Types and Developmental Stages (2005)

RNA interference (RNAi) is a naturally occurring posttranscriptional gene-silencing mechanism that has been adapted as a genetic tool for loss-of-function studies of a variety of organisms. It is more widely applicable than classical gene targeting and allows for the simultaneous inactivation of several homologous genes with a single transgene. Recently, RNAi has been used for conditional and conventional gene inactivation in mice. Unlike gene targeting, RNAi is a dynamic process, and its efficiency may vary both between cell types and throughout development. Here we demonstrate that RNAi can be used to target three separately encoded isoforms of the bcl-2 family gene bfl-1/A1 in a conditional manner in mice. The extent of gene inactivation varies between different cell types and is least efficient in mature lymphocytes. Our data suggest that RNAi is affected by factors beyond small interfering RNA-mRNA stoichiometry.
Bladder Cancer Outcome and Subtype Classification by Gene Expression (2005)

Models of bladder tumor progression have suggested that genetic alterations may determine both phenotype and clinical course. We have applied expression microarray analysis to a divergent set of bladder tumors to further elucidate the course of disease progression and to classify tumors into more homogeneous and clinically relevant subgroups. cDNA microarrays containing 10,368 human gene elements were used to characterize the global gene expression patterns in 80 bladder tumors, 9 bladder cancer cell lines, and 3 normal bladder samples. Robust statistical approaches accounting for the multiple testing problem were used to identify differentially expressed genes. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering successfully separated the samples into two subgroups containing superficial (pT(a) and pT(1)) versus muscle-invasive (pT(2)-pT(4)) tumors. Supervised classification had a 90.5% success rate separating superficial from muscle-invasive tumors based on a limited subset of genes. Tumors could also be classified into transitional versus squamous subtypes (89% success rate) and good versus bad prognosis (78% success rate). The performance of our stage classifiers was confirmed in silico using data from an independent tumor set. Validation of differential expression was done using immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays for cathepsin E, cyclin A2, and parathyroid hormone-related protein. Genes driving the separation between tumor subsets may prove to be important biomarkers for bladder cancer development and progression and eventually candidates for therapeutic targeting.
Detection and Identification of NBI for Multichannel UWB Autocorrelation Receivers (2009)

Non-coherent UWB receivers provide robustness against multi path fading at low complexity. The analog front-end of these receivers, however, is susceptible to narrowband interference (NBI), thus requiring NBI mitigation capability. NBI identification and NBI parameter estimation is the first step towards implementing effective NBI mitigation. We propose an NBI detection and its center frequency identification method for multichannel autocorrelation receivers (AcR) as used by transmitted-reference (TR) UWB systems. We evaluate the performance of the method by computer simulations.
Expression and prognostic role of tumor suppressor gene PTEN/MMAC1/TEP1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (2003)

The current study demonstrated that reduced PTEN expression levels are involved in the pathogenesis of HCC. Moreover, decreased PTEN expression was correlated with tumor progression, high alphaFP levels, p53 overexpression, and poor prognosis in patients with HCC.
Multilayer Microstrip Transmission Lines (Short Papers) (1974)

A method used to treat covered microstrip is extended to multilayer microstrip. Detailed results are obtained for the general three-layer problem. Series expansion and term-by-term integration are used to obtain a closed form expression for the Green's function. Matrix methods are then used to obtain the characteristic impedance. Data obtained agree closely with experiment.
Transgenic complementation of the hy3 phytochrome B mutation and response to PHYB gene copy number in Arabidopsis (1994)

A recombinant PHYB minigene (mPHYB) consisting of the complete Arabidopsis PHYB cDNA sequence fused to 2.3 kb of upstream PHYB promoter sequence has been introduced into wild-type Arabidopsis and into a strain containing the Bo64 allele of the hy3 mutation. The Bo64 mutant has previously been shown to contain a nonsense mutation in the PHYB coding sequence. Transformation of this strain with the mPHYB gene results in complementation of all of the mutant phenotypic characteristics tested including hypocotyl length and hypocotyl cell size, response to end-of-day far-red light, leaf morphology, chlorophyll level, and flowering time. Presence of the mPHYB transgene in a wild-type genetic background causes exaggeration of this same set of phenotypic characteristics, indicating that these diverse photo-morphogenic responses are sensitive to the copy number of the PHYB gene. The transgene inserts in the Bo64(mPHYB) and WT(mPHYB) lines are shown to be single locus and single copy and the immunologically detectable level of phytochrome B is shown to vary linearly with PHYB gene copy number. These results demonstrate a complex role for phytochrome B in Arabidopsis photo-morphogenesis and suggest that the expression level of this phytochrome gene is an important determinant of the intensity of light-induced plant responses.
Determining the optical properties of turbid media by using the adding–doubling method (1993)

A method is described for finding the optical properties (scattering, absorption, and scattering anisotropy) of a slab of turbid material by using total reflection, unscattered transmission, and total transmission measurements. This method is applicable to homogeneous turbid slabs with any optical thickness,albedo, or phase function. The slab may have a different index of refraction from its surroundings and may or may not be bounded by glass. The optical properties are obtained by iterating an adding-doubling solution of the radiative transport equation until the calculated values of the reflection and transmission match the measured ones. Exhaustive numerical tests show that the intrinsic error in the method is < 3% when four quadrature points are used.
High-pressure pyrolysis of Colorado oil shale (1982)

Rates of oil evolution and oil yields and compositions are reported for heating rates from 1 to 100/sup 0/C/min and pressures up to 27 atm. Pyrolysis occurs in an autogenous atmosphere and generated products are allowed to escape the pyrolysis region continuously. We find that both higher pressures and lower heating rates cause a decrease in oil yield, although the effects are not additive. The lowest oil yield was approximately 72 wt% or 79 vol% of Fischer assay. Lower oil yield is generally accompanied by lower nitrogen content and density and higher H/C ratios. The high-pressure/slow-heating rate oils are a clear amber color instead of the usual opaque brown. Finally, we demonstrate the effect of pyrolysis conditions on biological markers and other diagnostic hydrocarbons. 4 figures, 5 tables.
Orally Administered IFN-α Acts Alone and in Synergistic Combination with Intraperitoneally Administered IFN-γ to Exert an Antitumor Effect Against B16 Melanoma in Mice (1998)

Administration of interferons (IFN) via the intranasal route recently has been shown to exert an antitumor activity against a variety of tumors in mice, including B16 melanoma inoculated intravenously. This study confirms the antitumor activity of orally administered IFN-alpha against B16 melanoma challenge using another route of tumor inoculation, the intraperitoneal route. It further demonstrates that orally administered IFN-alpha can synergistically interact with intraperitoneally administered IFN-gamma but not with intraperitoneally administered IFN-alpha. The results support the interpretation that the oral route may provide an effective alternative or supplement to current methods of IFN administration for the control of malignancies.
Differential effects of protein-modifying reagents on receptor binding of opiate agonists and antagonists. (1975)

Opiate receptor binding is enhanced by prior incubation, which removes an endogenous inhibitor of receptor binding. Protein-modifying reagents which affect sulfhydryl groups differentially influence the binding of agonists and antagonists to the opiate receptor. These reagents, including iodoacetamide, N-ethylmaleimide, mercuriacetate, mersalyl acid, p-aminophenylmercuric acetate, and p-chloromercuribenzoate, strongly inhibit [3H]dihydromorphine binding at concentrations which do not affect [3H]naloxone binding. Prior treatment with opiates protects the receptor binding from reagents. The reagents decrease the apparent number of dihydromorphine binding sites without altering their affinity, and also increase the sensitivity of agonist binding to the inhibitory effects of sodium.
Effect of intraventricular infusion of anti-prion protein monoclonal antibodies on disease progression in prion-infected mice (2008)

It is well known that anti-prion protein (PrP) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) inhibit abnormal isoform PrP (PrPSc) formation in cell culture. Additionally, passive immunization of anti-PrP mAbs protects the animals from prion infection via peripheral challenge when mAbs are administered simultaneously or soon after prion inoculation. Thus, anti-PrP mAbs are candidates for the treatment of prion diseases. However, the effects of mAbs on disease progression in the middle and late stages of the disease remain unclear. This study carried out intraventricular infusion of mAbs into prion-infected mice before and after clinical onset to assess their ability to delay disease progression. A 4-week infusion of anti-PrP mAbs initiated at 120 days post-inoculation (p.i.), which is just after clinical onset, reduced PrPSc levels to 70-80 % of those found in mice treated with a negative-control mAb. Spongiform changes, microglial activation and astrogliosis in the hippocampus and thalamus appeared milder in mice treated with anti-PrP mAbs than in those treated with a negative-control mAb. Treatment with anti-PrP mAb prolonged the survival of mice infected with Chandler or Obihiro strain when infusion was initiated at 60 days p.i., at which point PrPSc is detectable in the brain. In contrast, infusion initiated after clinical onset prolonged the survival time by about 8 % only in mice infected with the Chandler strain. Although the effects on survival varied for different prion strains, the anti-PrP mAb could partly prevent disease progression, even after clinical onset, suggesting immunotherapy as a candidate for treatment of prion diseases.
Antibody and B7/BB1-mediated ligation of the CD28 receptor induces tyrosine phosphorylation in human T cells. (1992)

CD28 is an adhesion receptor expressed as a 44-kD dimer on the surface of a major subset of human T cells. The CD28 receptor regulates the production of multiple lymphokines, including interleukin 2 (IL-2), by activation of a signal transduction pathway that is poorly understood. Here we show that ligation of CD28 by a monoclonal antibody (mAb) or by a natural ligand, B7/BB1, induces protein tyrosine phosphorylation that is distinct from T cell receptor (TCR)-induced tyrosine phosphorylation. CD28-induced protein tyrosine phosphorylation was greatly enhanced in cells that had been preactivated by ligation of the TCR, or by pretreatment with phorbol esters. Rapid and prolonged tyrosine phosphorylation of a single substrate, pp100, was induced in T cells after interaction with B7/BB1 presented on transfected Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. Anti-B7 mAb inhibited B7/BB1 receptor-induced tyrosine phosphorylation, indicating that B7-CD28 interaction was required. CD28-induced tyrosine phosphorylation was independent of the TCR because it occurred in a variant of the Jurkat T cell line that does not express the TCR. Herbimycin A, a protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor, could prevent CD28-induced tyrosine phosphorylation and CD28-induced IL-2 production in normal T cells. The simultaneous crosslinking of CD28 and CD45, a tyrosine phosphatase, could prevent tyrosine phosphorylation of pp100. These results suggest that specific tyrosine phosphorylation, particularly of pp100, occurs directly as a result of CD28 ligand binding and is involved in transducing the signal delivered through CD28 by accessory cells that express the B7/BB1 receptor. Thus, this particular form of signal transduction may be relevant to lymphokine production and, potentially may provide a means to study the induction of self-tolerance, given the putative role of the costimulatory signal in the induction of T cell activation or anergy.
ZnO-based transparent thin-film transistors (2003)

Highly transparent ZnO-based thin-film transistors (TFTs) are fabricated with optical transmission (including substrate) of ∼75% in the visible portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. Current–voltage measurements indicate n-channel, enhancement-mode TFT operation with excellent drain current saturation and a drain current on-to-off ratio of ∼107. Threshold voltages and channel mobilities of devices fabricated to date range from ∼10 to 20 V and ∼0.3 to 2.5 cm2/V s, respectively. Exposure to ambient light has little to no observable effect on the drain current. In contrast, exposure to intense ultraviolet radiation results in persistent photoconductivity, associated with the creation of electron-hole pairs by ultraviolet photons with energies greater than the ZnO band gap. Light sensitivity is reduced by decreasing the ZnO channel layer thickness. One attractive application for transparent TFTs involves their use as select-transistors in each pixel of an active-matrix liquid-crystal display.
Interactions Between Plant Roots and Soil Microorganisms (1965)

Human coronavirus (HCoV) infection causes respiratory diseases with mild to severe outcomes. In the last 15 years, we have witnessed the emergence of two zoonotic, highly pathogenic HCoVs: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and ...Read More