gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cortactin, an 80/85-kilodalton pp60src substrate, is a filamentous actin-binding protein enriched in the cell cortex. (1993)

Two related cellular proteins, p80 and p85 (cortactin), become phosphorylated on tyrosine in pp60src-transformed cells and in cells stimulated with certain growth factors. The amino-terminal half of cortactin is comprised of multiple copies of an internal, tandem 37-amino acid repeat. The carboxyl-terminal half contains a distal SH3 domain. We report that cortactin is an F-actin-binding protein. The binding to F-actin is specific and saturable. The amino-terminal repeat region appears to be both necessary and sufficient to mediate actin binding, whereas the SH3 domain had no apparent effect on the actin-binding activity. Cortactin, present in several different cell types, is enriched in cortical structures such as membrane ruffles and lamellipodia. The properties of cortactin indicate that it may be important for microfilament-membrane interactions as well as transducing signals from the cell surface to the cytoskeleton. We suggest the name cortactin, reflecting the cortical subcellular localization and its actin-binding activity.
评《比较经济体制》——从组织和管理角度进行研究 (1988)

这是一本极为成功的书,首先该书文笔流畅优美,其次,该书的研究角度独特。作者认为,日本的情况很特别,有必要对三种体制(日本、美国和苏联)进行详细的研究。第三,作者自己承认是在进行政治经济学的研究,总是重视这一事实,即经济体制是在一定的社会和政治环境中运行的,受到社会因素和政治因素的影响。经济体制可用某些指标衡量,一定数量资源的有效分配(“合理”分配)只是其中的一个指标,尽管这一指
Support of cultured hepatocytes by a laminin-rich gel. Evidence for a functionally significant subendothelial matrix in normal rat liver. (1987)

The subendothelial space of normal rat liver contains the constituent proteins of a basal lamina, as judged by immunohistochemical study of tissue sections. However, it is unknown whether these proteins constitute a complex with effects on hepatocellular function. We have examined this question, using normal rat hepatocytes cultured on substrata of matrix proteins as a model of the interaction between cells and basal lamina in vivo. In cultures on a type I collagen substratum, albumin secretion decreased progressively after 2 d. By contrast, when cells were cultured on a laminin-rich gel matrix, albumin secretion was stable for at least 3 wk; other functions and ultrastructural morphology were similarly maintained. None of the individual matrix proteins effectively substituted for the gel matrix, suggesting that full support of hepatocellular function requires a complex of matrix proteins. We speculate that a cause of hepatocellular dysfunction in acute inflammation is disruption of this matrix and alteration of its interaction with the hepatocyte plasma membrane.
Human hepatocellular carcinoma cell growth is suppressed by all-trans-retinoicacid through down-regulating miR-18a expression (2012)

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect of all-tram-retinoicacid (ATRA) on HCC cell growth and probe the potential molecular mechanism.Methods HCC cell lines,HepG2 and SMMC-7721 were treated by ATRA and cell growth was analyzed by using MTT assay.The expression levels of miR-18a were evaluated in HepG2 and SMMC-7721,compared with the normal livers pool by using RealTime PCR analysis.Cell growth analysis by using MTT assay was performed on HepG2 and SMMC-7721 after transfection with anti-miR-18a.Rescued assay was designed to probe the mechanism of ATRA on cell growth by using ATRA with or without miR-18a mimic.Results HepG2 cell growth was suppressed about 74％ (P＜0.05,36 h),72％ (P＜0.01,48 h),and 67％ (P＜0.05,72 h) and SMMC-7721 cell growth was inhibited about 68％ (P＜0.05,48 h),and 64％ (P＜0.05,72 h) after treatment with ATRA,compared with the cells treated with Ethanol.MiR-18a expression was up-regulated in HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cell lines about 4.7- and 3.8-fold (P＜0.05),respectively.Endogenous miR-18a levels were down-regulated by ATRA about 67％ and 56％ (P＜0.05).The inhibitory effect of ATRA on HCC cell growth was reversed about 1.2-fold (P＜0.05,48 h) by overexpression of miR-18a in HepG2 cells and cell growth of SMMC-7721 was enhanced about 1.25- and 1.2-fold (P＜0.05,24 and 48 h) with ectopic expression of miR-18a.Conclusion HCC cells growth is suppressed by ATRA through miR-18a mediated network.

Key words: 
ATRA; Hepatocellular carcinoma; miR-18a; Cell growth
Preparation, Characterization, and Moessbauer Spectroscopy of Organic Anion Intercalated Pyroaurite-like Layered Double Hydroxides (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation, Characterization, and Moessbauer Spectroscopy of Organic Anion Intercalated Pyroaurite-like Layered Double HydroxidesLaiela Raki, Denis G. Rancourt, and Christian DetellierCite this: Chem. Mater. 1995, 7, 1, 221–224Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm00049a034https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00049a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views320Altmetric-Citations42LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Ion Channels as Therapeutic Targets: A Drug Discovery Perspective (2012)

Ion channels are membrane proteins expressed in almost all living cells. The sequencing of the human genome has identified more than 400 putative ion channels, but only a fraction of these have been cloned and functionally tested. The widespread tissue distribution of ion channels, coupled with the plethora of physiological consequences of their opening and closing, makes ion-channel-targeted drug discovery highly compelling. However, despite some important drugs in clinical use today, as a class, ion channels remain underexploited in drug discovery and many existing drugs are poorly selective with significant toxicities or suboptimal efficacy. This Perspective seeks to review the ion channel family, its structural and functional features, and the diseases that are known to be modulated by members of the family. In particular, we will explore the structure and properties of known ligands and consider the future prospects for drug discovery in this challenging but high potential area.
Robust location distinction using temporal link signatures (2007)

The ability of a receiver to determine when a transmitter has changed location is important for energy conservation in wireless sensor networks, for physical security of radio-tagged objects, and for wireless network security in detection of replication attacks. In this paper, we propose using a measured temporal link signature to uniquely identify the link between a transmitter and a receiver. When the transmitter changes location, or if an attacker at a different location assumes the identity of the transmitter, the proposed link distinction algorithm reliably detects the change in the physical channel. This detection can be performed at a single receiver or collaboratively by multiple receivers. We record over 9,000 link signatures at different locations and over time to demonstrate that our method significantly increases the detection rate and reduces the false alarm rate, in comparison to existing methods.
Genome-Wide Detection and Analysis of Cell Wall-Bound Proteins with LPxTG-Like Sorting Motifs (2005)

Surface proteins of gram-positive bacteria often play a role in adherence of the bacteria to host tissue and are frequently required for virulence. A specific subgroup of extracellular proteins contains the cell wall-sorting motif LPxTG, which is the target for cleavage and covalent coupling to the peptidoglycan by enzymes called sortases. A comprehensive set of putative sortase substrates was identified by in silico analysis of 199 completely sequenced prokaryote genomes. A combination of detection methods was used, including secondary structure prediction, pattern recognition, sequence homology, and genome context information. With the hframe algorithm, putative substrates were identified that could not be detected by other methods due to errors in open reading frame calling, frameshifts, or sequencing errors. In total, 732 putative sortase substrates encoded in 49 prokaryote genomes were identified. We found striking species-specific variation for the LPxTG motif. A hidden Markov model (HMM) based on putative sortase substrates was created, which was subsequently used for the automatic detection of sortase substrates in recently completed genomes. A database was constructed, LPxTG-DB (http://bamics3.cmbi.kun.nl/sortase_substrates), containing for each genome a list of putative sortase substrates, sequence information of these substrates, the organism-specific HMMs based on the consensus sequence of the sortase recognition motif, and a graphic representation of this consensus.
Isotonic Conditional Random Fields and Local Sentiment Flow (2007)

We examine the problem of predicting local sentiment flow in documents, and its application to several areas of text analysis.Formally, the problem is stated as predicting an ordinal sequence based on a sequence of word sets.In the spirit of isotonic regression, we develop a variant of conditional random fields that is wellsuited to handle this problem.Using the Möbius transform, we express the model as a simple convex optimization problem.Experiments demonstrate the model and its applications to sentiment prediction, style analysis, and text summarization.
Rebuilding Human Leukocyte Antigen Class II–Restricted Minor Histocompatibility Antigen Specificity in Recall Antigen-Specific T Cells by Adoptive T Cell Receptor Transfer: Implications for Adoptive Immunotherapy (2007)

HLA class II--restricted, mHag-specific effector functions can be successfully reconstructed in donor-derived TT-specific T cells via TCR transfer. Effective expansion of these T cells via TT-specific TCRs illustrate the suitability of this strategy for ex vivo expansion and possibly for in vivo TT-specific reboosting of HLA class II--restricted immunotherapeutic T cells.
Polyunsaturated Fatty-Acid-Like Trans-Enoyl Reductases Utilized in Polyketide Biosynthesis (2008)

Polyketide biosynthesis is typically directed by cis-acting catalytic domains. In the case of the Bacillus subtilis secondary metabolite dihydrobacillaene, the cis-acting domains are not sufficient to generate the saturated C14'-C15' bond. In this communication, we identify PksE as a trans-acting enoyl reductase utilized in the biosynthesis of this portion of dihydrobacillaene. PksE is homologous to the enzymes predicted to serve as enoyl reductases in polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) biosynthesis, and we confirmed this functional assignment in vitro. These results suggest a general enoyl reduction pathway in polyketide biosynthesis and a means by which PUFA-like biosynthetic machinery can modulate small-molecule function.
SETS OF LINKED GENETIC MARKERS FOR HUMAN CHROMOSOMES (1988)

We have made rapid progress in recent years in identifying the genetic causes of many human diseases. However, despite this recent progress, our mechanistic understanding of these diseases is often incomplete. This is a problem because it limits our ...Read More
Cell Differentiation-Inducing Diterpenes from Andrographis paniculata NEES. (1994)

The methanol extract of the aerial part of Andrographis paniculata Nees showed potent cell differentiation-inducing activity on mouse myeloid leukemia (M1) cells. From the ethyl acetate-soluble fraction of the methanol extract, six new diterpenoids of ent-labdane type, 14-epi-andrographolide (3), isoandrographolide (4), 14-deoxy-12-methoxyandrographolide (7), 12-epi-14-deoxy-12-methoxyandrographolide (8), 14-deoxy-12-hydroxyandrographolide (9) and 14-deoxy-11-hydroxyandrographolide (10) as well as two new diterpene glucosides, 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographi-side (12) and 6'-acetylneoandrographolide (14), and four new diterpene dimers, bis-andrograpolides A (15), B (16), C (17) and D (18), were isolated along with six known compounds. The structures of the diterpenoids were determined by means of spectral methods. Some of these compounds showed potent cell differentiation-inducing activity towards M1 cells.
Recommendations for the Design and Use of Standard Virus Panels To Assess Neutralizing Antibody Responses Elicited by Candidate Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Vaccines (2005)

Laboratory measures of antigen-specific immunity are an essential component of the vaccine discovery process. For human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), this process will likely require iterative evaluations of vaccine immunogens to choose the most promising vaccine candidates to advance into human trials. To optimally evaluate and compare vaccine immunogens, we will need high-throughput assays that allow accurate and reproducible measurements of immune responses. In addition, vaccine sponsors and regulatory agencies appropriately require that immune assays associated with human trials be performed in laboratories that comply with guidelines for good laboratory practices (GLP). The rigorous process of assay validation associated with GLP can improve the accuracy of immune assessment assays and contribute to vaccine development by advancing our ability to distinguish incremental improvements in immune responses elicited by novel immunogens. In this commentary, we address several of these issues with regard to the measurement of anti-HIV-1 neutralizing antibodies (NAbs). We recommend the use of DNA plasmids encoding full-length functional HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins (Env); these env clones, when transfected with an HIV-1 envdefective molecular clone, produce well-characterized HIV-1 Env pseudovirions. Additionally, we recommend the establishment of standardized panels of Env-pseudotyped viruses to assess the potencies and breadths of NAbs elicited by vaccine immunogens. These virus panels would form the basis for GLP neutralization assays used to assess sera from clinical vaccine studies, and the same virus panels could be used by investigators interested in the preclinical evaluation of vaccine immunogens.
Universal mechanisms for data-parallel architectures (2003)

Data-parallel programs are both growing in importance and increasing in diversity, resulting in specialized processors targeted at specific classes of these programs. This paper presents a classification scheme for data-parallel program attributes, and proposes micro-architectural mechanisms to support applications with diverse behavior for using a single reconfigurable architecture. We focus on the following four broad kinds of data-parallel programs - DSP/multimedia, scientific, networking, and real-time graphics workloads. While all of these programs exhibit high computational intensity, coarse-grain regular control behavior, and some regular memory access behavior, they show wide variance in the computation requirements, fine grain control behavior, and the frequency of other types of memory accesses. Based on this study of application attributes, this paper proposes a set of general micro-architectural mechanisms that enable a baseline architecture to be dynamically tailored to the demands of a particular application. These mechanisms provide efficient execution across a spectrum of data-parallel application and can be applied to diverse architectures ranging from vector cores to conventional superscalar cores. Our results using a baseline TRIPS processor show that the configurability of the architecture to the application demands provides harmonic mean performance improvement of 5%-55% over scalable yet less flexible architectures, and performs competitively against specialized architectures.
Structures of human plasma β–factor XIIa cocrystallized with potent inhibitors (2018)

Activated factor XIIa (FXIIa) is a serine protease that has received a great deal of interest in recent years as a potential target for the development of new antithrombotics. Despite the strong interest in obtaining structural information, only the structure of the FXIIa catalytic domain in its zymogen conformation is available. In this work, reproducible experimental conditions found for the crystallization of human plasma β-FXIIa and crystal growth optimization have led to determination of the first structure of the active form of the enzyme. Two crystal structures of human plasma β-FXIIa complexed with small molecule inhibitors are presented herein. The first is the noncovalent inhibitor benzamidine. The second is an aminoisoquinoline containing a boronic acid-reactive group that targets the catalytic serine. Both benzamidine and the aminoisoquinoline bind in a canonical fashion typical of synthetic serine protease inhibitors, and the protease domain adopts a typical chymotrypsin-like serine protease active conformation. This novel structural data explains the basis of the FXII activation, provides insights into the enzymatic properties of β-FXIIa, and is a great aid toward the further design of protease inhibitors for human FXIIa.
Analysis of multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP) messenger RNA in normal and malignant hematopoietic cells. (1994)

The multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP) gene is a member of the ATP-binding cassette transporter gene superfamily and may be partially responsible for clinical drug resistance. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction was used to measure MRP mRNA in normal hematopoietic cells from bone marrow and peripheral blood as well as patients with high risk acute myelocytic leukemia and multiple myeloma. All normal peripheral blood cells, regardless of cell lineage (CD4, CD8, CD14, CD15, CD19, CD56), expressed a similar basal level of MRP mRNA. Specimens from bone marrow containing mixed lineages also expressed a similar basal level of MRP expression. In patients with acute myelocytic leukemia, 10 of 12 (83%) of the specimens had detectable MRP mRNA, but the level of expression was similar to that of normal blood cells and low compared to a cell line known to overexpress MRP (H69/AR). All myeloma patients (12 of 12) had detectable MRP mRNA expression at levels comparable to normal peripheral blood and bone marrow cells. We conclude that MRP is commonly expressed in normal hematopoietic cells as well as certain hematopoietic malignancies. The therapeutic relevance of MRP expression is unknown, but these studies emphasize the importance of measuring MRP expression in normal cells as a point of reference and comparison for detection in malignant cells. We also recommend obtaining sequential specimens from patients, which may reveal an increased expression of MRP from baseline as the disease progresses and becomes resistant.
Carbamate esters: a simple, mild method of formation (1994)

Carbamate esters can be prepared in good yields from primary, secondary and aromatic amines, CO2 and a variety of electrophiles. The reactions are straightforward and are performed at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, in the presence of an inorganic base.
Changing Use of Antibiotics in Community-Based Outpatient Practice, 19911999 (2003)

Antibiotic use in ambulatory patients is decreasing in the United States. However, physicians are increasingly turning to expensive, broad-spectrum agents, even when there is little clinical rationale for their use.
Next-generation sequencing in liquid biopsy: cancer screening and early detection (2019)

In recent years, the rapid development of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies has led to a significant reduction in sequencing cost with improved accuracy. In the area of liquid biopsy, NGS has been applied to sequence circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). Since ctDNA is the DNA fragments released by tumor cells, it can provide a molecular profile of cancer. Liquid biopsy can be applied to all stages of cancer diagnosis and treatment, allowing non-invasive and real-time monitoring of disease development. The most promising aspects of liquid biopsy in cancer applications are cancer screening and early diagnosis because they can lead to better survival results and less disease burden. Although many ctDNA sequencing methods have enough sensitivity to detect extremely low levels of mutation frequency at the early stage of cancer, how to effectively implement them in population screening settings remains challenging. This paper focuses on the application of liquid biopsy in the early screening and diagnosis of cancer, introduces NGS-related methods, reviews recent progress, summarizes challenges, and discusses future research directions.
The disordered neuronal cytoskeleton in Alzheimer's disease (1992)

Evidence continues to accrue in support of the notion that normal adult human tau is converted into the protein subunits of Alzheimer's disease paired helical filaments as a result of the abnormal phosphorylation of tau at aberrant sites. Although the biological consequences of the generation of these abnormal tau derivatives in neurons remain uncertain, it is plausible that this process could destabilize microtubules and have a deleterious effect on the function and survival of neurons. Recent studies that probe the mechanisms whereby normal tau, a component of the neuronal cytoskeleton, undergoes profound alterations to become paired helical filaments in the Alzheimer's diseased brain are discussed.
Study of gap states in a–Si:H alloys by measurements of photoconductivity and spectral response of MIS solar cells (1981)

A picture of the density of gap states n (E) in glow discharge a–Si:H is constructed using four different kinds of transport measurement on a large number of samples. The minimum in n (E) lies 0.4 eV below Ec, rather than in the middle of the gap. A distribution of fast recombination centers lies at mid‐gap, and two sets of hole traps lie between mid‐gap and the valence band. Modifications in n (E) have been studied by the effects of selected impurities on the conversion efficiency and spectral response of MIS and pin solar cells.
PRISMATIC: Inducing Knowledge from a Large Scale Lexicalized Relation Resource (2010)

One of the main bottlenecks in natural language processing is the lack of a comprehensive lexicalized relation resource that contains fine grained knowledge on predicates. In this paper, we present PRISMATIC, a large scale lexicalized relation resource that is automatically created over 30 gb of text. Specifically, we describe what kind of information is collected in PRISMATIC and how it compares with existing lexical resources. Our main focus has been on building the infrastructure and gathering the data. Although we are still in the early stages of applying PRISMATIC to a wide variety of applications, we believe the resource will be of tremendous value for AI researchers, and we discuss some of potential applications in this paper. 1