gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Absolute photoabsorption measurements of molybdenum in the range 60–930 eV for optical constant determination (1998)

Transmission measurements for the optical constants delta, beta of thecomplex refractive index n = 1 - delta + ibeta of molybdenum are performed in the energy range 60-930eV. Free-standing C/Mo/C foils of five different thicknesses are used, and the results are normalized for the presence of the carbon layers in the samples. These absorption results are combined with previous experimental data in the lower energy range and values fromthe atomic tables to obtain the imaginary (absorptive) part of the refractive index for molybdenum in the range 1-30,000 eV. The real(dispersive) part of n was calculated from Kramers-Kronig analysis with the above absorption data. An evaluation with the partial sum rules demonstrates that this new compilation provides an improved set of values for n covering a wider energy range compared with the current tabulated values. The new results are applied so as to calculate thenormal-incidence reflectivities of Mo/Si and Mo/Be multilayer mirrors.
Proton magnetic resonance characterization of phoratoxins and homologous proteins related to crambin (1987)

The mistletoe protein toxins ligatoxin, phoratoxins A and B, and viscotoxins A3 and B have been investigated by 1H NMR spectroscopy at 300 and 600 MHz. The five polypeptides define a set of closely related homologues, containing 46 amino acid residues each, in a structure constrained by three cystine bridges. Their methyl and aromatic spectra were analyzed and a number of signals identified and assigned via comparative criteria, two-dimensional chemical-shift correlated spectroscopy, acid-base titration, and proton Overhauser experiments in 1H2O. The spectra indicate a compact globular conformation and a common folding pattern for the toxins. In particular, use was made of well-resolved aliphatic and aromatic resonances in order to compare the mistletoe proteins with the thionins, a set of homologous toxins from gramineae, and with crambin, a closely related polypeptide from a crucifer, which we have previously studied by NMR. We observe that while all the investigated proteins have very similar secondary and tertiary structures, they differ widely in their dynamic characteristics as probed by the amide NH 1H-2H exchange kinetics in deuteriated solvents; thus, while crambin and the thionins exhibit very fast isotope exchange, the kinetics for the mistletoe toxins are slow, with some NH groups showing exchange half-lives that extend up to several days at pH* 5.8 or that are too long to be measurable at ambient temperature. The temperature dependence of the 1H NMR spectrum also indicates that the toxins are endowed with a thermally very stable native (ground-state) structure, with little evidence of large amplitude structural breathings up to approximately 370 K, although irreversible chemical degradation (denaturation) becomes evident at temperatures greater than or equal to 350 K. It is concluded that the mistletoe toxins afford valuable rigid structures for NMR conformational studies.
A Component Model for Integrating Remote Applications and Services via Web Portals. (2007)

Application integration via web portals is the most widely used and least expensive means for integrating enterprise applications and services.Component-based portals enable the composition of web pages from reusable portal components, where each component represents an independent application or service.This integration is often limited to components displayed on the same web page, to local deployed components, and to homogeneous environments.We describe a component model for enhanced integration of portal components in web portals.Our model supports not only the aggregation of components within one web page but also the composition of component navigation into a central navigation area, the communication between local and remote components, and the integration of heterogeneous environments.The approach is based on existing standards and uses XML for describing component navigation and communication capabilities.It is mostly declarative and may also be used for improving integration capabilities of already existing portal components.
90Y-ANTI-CD20 MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY THERAPY (IDEC-Y2B8) FOR RECURRENT B CELL LYMPHOMA (1994)

s: Fifth Conference on Radioimmunodetection and Radioimmunotherapy of Cancer: Session IX: Clinical Radioimmunotherapy, II: PDF Only
Mouse Model for Human Arginase Deficiency (2002)

Deficiency of liver arginase (AI) causes hyperargininemia (OMIM 207800), a disorder characterized by progressive mental impairment, growth retardation, and spasticity and punctuated by sometimes fatal episodes of hyperammonemia. We constructed a knockout mouse strain carrying a nonfunctional AI gene by homologous recombination. Arginase AI knockout mice completely lacked liver arginase (AI) activity, exhibited severe symptoms of hyperammonemia, and died between postnatal days 10 and 14. During hyperammonemic crisis, plasma ammonia levels of these mice increased >10-fold compared to those for normal animals. Livers of AI-deficient animals showed hepatocyte abnormalities, including cell swelling and inclusions. Plasma amino acid analysis showed the mean arginine level in knockouts to be approximately fourfold greater than that for the wild type and threefold greater than that for heterozygotes; the mean proline level was approximately one-third and the ornithine level was one-half of the proline and ornithine levels, respectively, for wild-type or heterozygote mice--understandable biochemical consequences of arginase deficiency. Glutamic acid, citrulline, and histidine levels were about 1.5-fold higher than those seen in the phenotypically normal animals. Concentrations of the branched-chain amino acids valine, isoleucine, and leucine were 0.4 to 0.5 times the concentrations seen in phenotypically normal animals. In summary, the AI-deficient mouse duplicates several pathobiological aspects of the human condition and should prove to be a useful model for further study of the disease mechanism(s) and to explore treatment options, such as pharmaceutical administration of sodium phenylbutyrate and/or ornithine and development of gene therapy protocols.
Software Agents Situated in Primary Distribution Networks: A Cooperative System for Fault and Power Restoration Management (2007)

In this paper, extended research upon the potentials of implementing distributed artificial intelligence technology to achieve high degrees of independency in distribution network protection and restoration processes is presented. The work that has already been done in the area of agent-based and/or knowledge-based applications and expert systems is briefly reviewed. The authors justify the need to distribute activities in contradiction to the centralized methodologies. A proper model of the real environment is introduced in order to define the designing parameters of a prototype agent entity, which is the part of a cooperative network-management system. The system's goal is to autonomously perform effective fault management upon medium-voltage power distribution lines. The structure of the agent entity is then described by means of the agent behaviors being implemented. The cooperative operations of the proposed system and its computer simulation are presented. Simulation results are being evaluated. Finally, general conclusive remarks are made.
[Targeting delivery of therapeutic genes using monoclonal antibody; immunogene approach]. (1998)

We are developing the "immunogene" system for the targeted delivery of therapeutic genes. The immunogene system utilizes the EGF receptor-mediated endocytosis. The Fab fragment of monoclonal antibody B4G7 against human EGF receptor was conjugated with polylysine to form an "Fab immunoporter", which forms an affinity complex with DNA. The transfection efficiency of Fab immunogene was approximately 10-fold higher than the Lipofectin. Gene transfer of HSV-tk gene into A431 tumor cells with Fab immunoporter was successful and the subsequent treatment with ganciclovir induced remarkable suicide effects conferring 1000-fold higher drug sensitivity. Thus, the immunogene system could be useful as a gene transfer vehicle targeting the EGF receptor-hyperproducing tumor cells.
New prospects on the NKG2D/NKG2DL system for oncology (2013)

The activating immunoreceptor NKG2D endows cytotoxic lymphocytes with the capacity to recognize and eliminate infected or malignant cells. The recognition of such harmful cells is enabled by binding of NKG2D to various MHC class I-related glycoproteins, which are upregulated in the course of viral infection or malignant transformation. The past years have witnessed substantial progress in our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the regulation of NKG2D ligands (NKG2DLs) by malignant cells, of tumor-associated countermeasures promoting escape from NKG2D-dependent immunosurveillance, and of therapeutic measures that may bolster the NKG2D/NKG2DL system against malignancies. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on the NKG2D/NKG2DL system and outline opportunities to exploit the tumoricidal function of NKG2D for anticancer immunotherapy.
Coexpression of Gas6/Axl in Human Ovarian Cancers (2004)

Gas6/Axl pathway could play a role in the complex events taking place during the early changes of ovarian cancer progression.
Mast cells express a peripheral cannabinoid receptor with differential sensitivity to anandamide and palmitoylethanolamide. (1995)

Mast cells are multifunctional bone marrow-derived cells found in mucosal and connective tissues and in the nervous system, where they play important roles in tissue inflammation and in neuroimmune interactions. Very little is known about endogenous molecules and mechanisms capable of modulating mast cell activation. Palmitoylethanolamide, found in peripheral tissues, has been proposed to behave as a local autacoid capable of downregulating mast cell activation and inflammation. A cognate N-acylamide, anandamide, the ethanolamide of arachidonic acid, occurs in brain and is a candidate endogenous agonist for the central cannabinoid receptor (CB1). As a second cannabinoid receptor (CB2) has been found in peripheral tissues, the possible presence of CB2 receptors on mast cells and their interaction with N-acylamides was investigated. Here we report that mast cells express both the gene and a functional CB2 receptor protein with negative regulatory effects on mast cell activation. Although both palmitoylethanolamide and anandamide bind to the CB2 receptor, only the former downmodulates mast cell activation in vitro. Further, the functional effect of palmitoylethanolamide, as well as that of the active cannabinoids, was efficiently antagonized by anandamide. The results suggest that (i) peripheral cannabinoid CB2 receptors control, upon agonist binding, mast cell activation and therefore inflammation; (ii) palmitoylethanolamide, unlike anandamide, behaves as an endogenous agonist for the CB2 receptor on mast cells; (iii) modulatory activities on mast cells exerted by the naturally occurring molecule strengthen a proposed autacoid local inflammation antagonism (ALIA) mechanism; and (iv) palmitoylethanolamide and its derivatives may provide antiinflammatory therapeutic strategies specifically targeted to mast cells ("ALIAmides").
Asymmetric Lee distance codes for DNA-based storage (2015)

We consider a new family of asymmetric Lee codes that arise in the design and implementation of DNA-based storage systems and systems with parallel string transmission protocols. The codewords are defined over a quaternary alphabet, although the results carry over to other alphabet sizes, and have symbol distances dictated by their underlying binary representation. Our contributions are two-fold. First, we derive upper bounds on the size of the codes under the asymmetric Lee distance measure based on linear programming techniques. Second, we propose code constructions which imply lower bounds.
Functional approach to a hybrid wireless network for mobile stations (2005)

The limited range of wireless mediums is often compensated for by a cellular topology controlled by base stations interconnected by means of a wired infrastructure. The size of the area covered by such networks varies a lot according to the wireless medium used. They do, however, share certain functionalities which are presented here in the form of a functional model. To simulate this type of hybrid network, it is necessary to identify all parameters involved which may have an influence. This preoccupation led to an Entity model which is detailed in this paper for the case of an infrared wireless LAN for in-house communications. The principal parameters are classified and assigned to entities. The interactions between these entities and the characteristics of the network are identified for a future simulation.
Induction of Instability in Water-in-Oil-in-Water Double Emulsions by Freeze−Thaw Cycling (2007)

Individual water-in-oil-in-water (W1/O/W2) double-emulsion globules loaded with fluorescently labeled bovine serum albumin (FITC-BSA) were optically monitored within cylindrical capillaries during freeze-thaw cycling. Coalescence of internal aqueous droplets (W1) and external aqueous phase (W2), termed external coalescence, was not observed before or during freezing of the oil phase (O). On the other hand, this instability mechanism was readily promoted during thawing. This realization confirms the previously suggested potential of W1/O/W2 double emulsions to trigger release upon oil thawing and demonstrates that it is a direct result of globule breakage through external coalescence. The presented results also identified a threshold in the relative W1 droplet size above which instability occurred, while smaller droplets remained unperturbed and therefore indicate that optimization of the delivery can be achieved by tuning the size of W1 droplets. In addition, we propose a possible explanation for the occurrence of instability during oil thawing and its dependence on the size of W1 droplets. Because this alternative globule-breakage mechanism simply uses temperature increase (solid-to-liquid-phase transition) as external stimulus, W1/O/W2 double-emulsion delivery systems can be easily tailored by choosing an oil phase with the appropriate phase-transition temperature.
High-Efficiency Transduction of Primary Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Erythroid Lineage-Restricted Expression by Optimized AAV6 Serotype Vectors In Vitro and in a Murine Xenograft Model In Vivo (2013)

We have observed that of the 10 AAV serotypes, AAV6 is the most efficient in transducing primary human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), and that the transduction efficiency can be further increased by specifically mutating single surface-exposed tyrosine (Y) residues on AAV6 capsids. In the present studies, we combined the two mutations to generate a tyrosine double-mutant (Y705+731F) AAV6 vector, with which >70% of CD34(+) cells could be transduced. With the long-term objective of developing recombinant AAV vectors for the potential gene therapy of human hemoglobinopathies, we generated the wild-type (WT) and tyrosine-mutant AAV6 vectors containing the following erythroid cell-specific promoters: β-globin promoter (βp) with the upstream hyper-sensitive site 2 (HS2) enhancer from the β-globin locus control region (HS2-βbp), and the human parvovirus B19 promoter at map unit 6 (B19p6). Transgene expression from the B19p6 was significantly higher than that from the HS2-βp, and increased up to 30-fold and up to 20-fold, respectively, following erythropoietin (Epo)-induced differentiation of CD34(+) cells in vitro. Transgene expression from the B19p6 or the HS2-βp was also evaluated in an immuno-deficient xenograft mouse model in vivo. Whereas low levels of expression were detected from the B19p6 in the WT AAV6 capsid, and that from the HS2-βp in the Y705+731F AAV6 capsid, transgene expression from the B19p6 promoter in the Y705+731F AAV6 capsid was significantly higher than that from the HS2-βp, and was detectable up to 12 weeks post-transplantation in primary recipients, and up to 6 additional weeks in secondary transplanted animals. These data demonstrate the feasibility of the use of the novel Y705+731F AAV6-B19p6 vectors for high-efficiency transduction of HSCs as well as expression of the b-globin gene in erythroid progenitor cells for the potential gene therapy of human hemoglobinopathies such as β-thalassemia and sickle cell disease.
Near Term Recycling Option Using Fusion Grade Plasmas (1991)

A fusion grade plasma (FGP) offers a unique technological option for the recycling of elements that are bound to difficult to separate chemicals. A concept for a general recycling system based on FGP's is described. The system has a wide potential range of applications and can handle highly intractable recycling problems in an environmentally acceptable manner. This paper focuses upon two near term applications: 1) the separation/transmutation of radioactive fission wastes, and 2) the safe destruction of chemical/biological weapons. The technological state of development and energy utilization efficiency of each subsystem is discussed.
Experiments of HMM adaptation for hands-free connected digit recognition (2002)

A scenario concerning hands-free connected digit recognition in a noisy office environment is investigated. An array of six omnidirectional microphones and a corresponding time delay compensation module are used to provide a beamformed signal as input to a hidden Markov model (HMM) based recognizer. Two different techniques of phone HMM adaptation have been considered, to reduce the mismatch between training and test conditions. Adaptation material and test material were collected in two different sessions. Results show that a digit accuracy close to 98% can be achieved when the talker is at 1.5 m distance from the array. This result has to be compared with 99.5% accuracy obtained by using a close-talk microphone.
Immunophenotypic Analysis of Peripheral T-Cell Neoplasms (2001)

We retrospectively reviewed multiparameter flow cytometric analyses in 50 peripheral T-cell neoplasms (PTCNs). Results were interpreted within the context of a large cohort of nonneoplastic T-cell populations. All PTCN diagnoses were confirmed with morphologic and/or molecular analysis. Aberrant populations were defined as discrete immunophenotypic clusters exhibiting loss of or increased or diminished expression of T-cell antigens relative to internal immunophenotypically normal T-cell populations. An antigenic pattern was considered abnormal if it exceeded ranges for T-cell subsets in specific anatomic sites or was not normally encountered. Forty-six of 50 and 41 of 50 demonstrated 1 or more and 2 or more aberrations, respectively. The most common abnormally expressed antigen was CD3, followed by CD7, CD5, and CD2. Except for CD7, abnormally dim or bright antigen expression was more common than deletion. Only 3 cases were abnormal solely based on expansion of an otherwise immunophenotypically normal population; the remainder had patterns of antigen expression not seen in nonneoplastic populations. These data indicate that most PTCNs are aberrant by multiparameter flow analysis. However, results must be interpreted within the context of thorough knowledge of the immunophenotypic spectrum of nonneoplastic T cells.
A REVIEW OF HIGH RESOLUTION LIQUID13CARBON NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE CHARACTERIZATIONS OF ETHYLENE-BASED POLYMERS (1989)

Abstract The use of 13 carbon nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in the molecular characterization of macromolecules has advanced our knowledge into structural areas that have been nearly impossible to measure by other spectroscopic techniques. Innovative applications have led to determinations of polymer configurational distributions, comonomer sequence distributions, average sequence lengths, structure and distribution of short chain branches, and analyses of nonreactive end groups. As a result, the importance of 13C NMR to the field of polymer science cannot be overemphasized. The key to the success of 13C-NMR studies in defining polymer molecular structure has been a structural sensitivity which encompasses more than just a few functional groups or carbon atoms. A sensitivity to polymer repeat unit sequences of lengths from two to as many as five, seven, and even nine contiguous repeat units [1,2] has been observed. Of course, any structural technique that senses a unique response from as few as two successive repeat units will lead to a measurement of average sequence lengths [1,3] and run numbers [4]. In addition to this excellent structural sensitivity, there has been an enormous improvement in the quantitative sensitivity of 13C NMR in recent years. Detection of long-chain branching in polyethylene can now be made at a level of one per ten thousand carbon atoms [5], and newer generation of high field, higher sensitivity NMR spectrometers promise to extend this detection limit another order of magnitude.
Differences in domain structure between human fibronectins isolated from plasma and from culture supernatants of normal and transformed fibroblasts. Studies with domain-specific antibodies. (1985)

The domain structure of human fibronectins isolated from plasma and from the conditioned medium of normal and transformed fibroblasts was analyzed by limited proteolysis and S-cyanylation followed by immunostaining of released fragments with five kinds of antibodies, each specific for one functional domain. The results indicate that all three human fibronectins are composed of the same set of functional domains aligned in the same topological order. However, the following clear differences were found in specific fragments released from plasma fibronectin (pFN) and those released from fibronectin of normal (N-cFN) and transformed fibroblasts (T-cFN). Two fragments (Mr = 70,000 and 60,000) were released from the COOH-terminal region of pFN by cathepsin D. These fragments represent the COOH-terminal heparin-binding (Hep-2) and fibrin-binding (Fib-2) domains. The corresponding fragments released from both N-cFN and T-cFN by cathepsin D had much larger molecular weights (Mr = 100,000 and 83,000-74,000) than those from pFN. The fragments from the Fib-2 domain alone, however, did not show any difference among all three FNs. The internal region, from the gelatin-binding (Gel) domain through the Hep-2 domain, of N-cFN and T-cFN was released as a Mr = 210,000 fragment upon mild trypsin digestion. The corresponding fragment from pFN was released as a Mr = 185,000 fragment. The COOH-terminal half, including the Hep-2 domain, of both N-cFN and T-cFN was released by S-cyanylation as Mr = 160,000-145,000 fragments, which are 25,000-20,000 larger than the corresponding fragments of pFN. These results clearly indicate that the Hep-2 domain of N-cFN and T-cFN is 30,000-20,000 daltons larger than the same domain of pFN. Although various fragments released from N-cFN and T-cFN showed a similar pattern, there were minor differences. Thermolysin fragments derived from the Hep-2 domain of N-cFN were clearly distinguishable from those from T-cFN. Three groups of fragments with Mr = 40,000, 35,000-32,000, and 30,000 were released from N-cFN, while only the 35,000-32,000 fragment was released from T-cFN. The Mr = 44,000/60,000 thermolysin fragments representing the Gel domain and the Mr = 210,000/165,000 tryptic fragments representing the internal domains of T-cFN were slightly, but consistently, larger than those of N-cFN.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)