gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lack of circulating autoantibodies to bone morphogenetic protein receptor-II or activin receptor-like kinase 1 in mixed connective tissue disease patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (2004)

Our finding does not support the hypothesis that autoantibody-mediated dysregulation of signals through BMPR-II or ALK-1 contributes to the development of PAH in patients with connective tissue diseases.
Model-based 3D tracking of an articulated hand (2005)

This paper presents a practical technique for model-based 3D hand tracking. An anatomically accurate hand model is built from truncated quadrics. This allows for the generation of 2D profiles of the model using elegant tools from projective geometry, and for an efficient method to handle self-occlusion. The pose of the hand model is estimated with an Unscented Kalman filter (UKF), which minimizes the geometric error between the profiles and edges extracted from the images. The use of the UKF permits higher frame rates than more sophisticated estimation methods such as particle filtering, whilst providing higher accuracy than the extended Kalman filter The system is easily scalable from single to multiple views, and from rigid to articulated models. First experiments on real data using one and two cameras demonstrate the quality of the proposed method for tracking a 7 DOF hand model.
Invariant chain prevents the HLA-DR-restricted presentation of a cytosolic peptide. (1994)

Three properties of the HLA-DR-associated invariant chain (Ii) may contribute to the distinction between the class I and class II Ag presentation pathways. First, Ii prevents peptide binding to alpha beta 1 Ii complexes. Second, Ii promotes assembly of class II alpha beta heterodimers and their transport out of the endoplasmic reticulum. Third, Ii provides a targeting signal for the transport of class II molecules to endocytic compartments. However, it is not known whether Ii can prevent class II-restricted T cell recognition of endogenous peptides transported into the endoplasmic reticulum. In addition, recent evidence has indicated that, in the absence of Ii, newly synthesized class II molecules cannot form stable complexes with peptides. In this study, transfected human fibroblast cells expressing HLA-DR1 alone or with an excess of Ii were tested for their ability to present a DR1-restricted epitope of the influenza virus matrix protein produced as a short cytosolic peptide by use of an episomal expression vector. Presentation to a DR1-restricted T cell clone was very efficient in cells expressing class II molecules without Ii, but not in cells expressing class II and Ii. The inhibition by Ii was specific for the endogenous cytosolic peptide, because the same epitope processed from exogenous influenza virus particles was presented only by cells expressing class II with Ii. Ii did not inhibit the HLA-A2-restricted presentation of another cytosolic peptide. Thus, T cells can detect a cytosolic peptide loaded onto class II alpha beta heterodimers, and Ii prevents such endogenous peptide presentation.
Modelling acoustic feature dependencies with artificial neural networks: Trajectory-RNADE (2015)

Given a transcription, sampling from a good model of acoustic feature trajectories should result in plausible realizations of an utterance. However, samples from current probabilistic speech synthesis systems result in low quality synthetic speech. Henter et al. have demonstrated the need to capture the dependencies between acoustic features conditioned on the phonetic labels in order to obtain high quality synthetic speech. These dependencies are often ignored in neural network based acoustic models. We tackle this deficiency by introducing a probabilistic neural network model of acoustic trajectories, trajectory RNADE, able to capture these dependencies.
Prospects for Human Gene Therapy (1984)

Procedures have now been developed for inserting functional genes into the bone marrow of mice. The most effective delivery system at present uses retroviral-based vectors to transfer a gene into murine bone marrow cells in culture. The genetically altered bone marrow is then implanted into recipient animals. These somatic cell gene therapy techniques are becoming increasingly efficient. Their future application in humans should result in at least partial correction of a number of genetic disorders. However, the safety of the procedures must still be established by further animal studies before human clinical trials would be ethical.
Microcrystalline Silicon Prepared by Hot-Wire Chemical Vapour Deposition for Thin Film Solar Cell Applications (2002)

The hot-wire deposition of µc-Si:H at low substrate and filament temperatures improves the material quality substantially. At a substrate temperature of 285°C and a filament temperature of 1530°C we prepared microcrystalline films with a spin density of NS=1×1016 cm-3 measured by electron spin resonance (ESR) and an oxygen and carbon concentration of 2×1018 cm-3 at a deposition rate of 2.5 Å·s-1. From infrared spectroscopy we calculated a hydrogen content of 5% in the best films. The spectra did not show absorption from SiO modes, which is typical for nonporous material. By incorporating this material into microcrystalline solar cells, we achieved an initial efficiency of 7%. By reducing the substrate temperature, an even higher efficiency of 7.5% was obtained.
Development of a Three-Dimensional Bioprinter: Construction of Cell Supporting Structures Using Hydrogel and State-Of-The-Art Inkjet Technology (2008)

We have developed a new technology for producing three-dimensional (3D) biological structures composed of living cells and hydrogel in vitro, via the direct and accurate printing of cells with an inkjet printing system. Various hydrogel structures were constructed with our custom-made inkjet printer, which we termed 3D bioprinter. In the present study, we used an alginate hydrogel that was obtained through the reaction of a sodium alginate solution with a calcium chloride solution. For the construction of the gel structure, sodium alginate solution was ejected from the inkjet nozzle (SEA-Jet™, Seiko Epson Corp., Suwa, Japan) and was mixed with a substrate composed of a calcium chloride solution. In our 3D bioprinter, the nozzle head can be moved in three dimensions. Owing to the development of the 3D bioprinter, an innovative fabrication method that enables the gentle and precise fixation of 3D gel structures was established using living cells as a material. To date, several 3D structures that include living cells have been fabricated, including lines, planes, laminated structures, and tubes, and now, experiments to construct various hydrogel structures are being carried out in our laboratory.
Hardware read-write lock elision (2016)

Hardware Lock Elision (HLE) represents a promising technique to enhance parallelism of concurrent applications relying on conventional, lock-based synchronization. The idea at the basis of current HLE approaches is to wrap critical sections into hardware transactions: this allows critical sections to be executed in parallel using a speculative approach, while leveraging on conflict detection capabilities provided by hardware transactions to ensure equivalent semantics to pessimistic lock-based synchronization.
Study of the Reactivity of 2-Cinnamoylbenzimidazole towards Thiourea, Urea, Hydrazines and Hydroxylamine Hydrochloride (1977)

The reactivity of heterocyclic α,β-unsaturated ketones towards the title compounds has been studied. A pyrimidine, pyrazoline, isoxazoline and a fused pyrrolidine rings have been built up. Mannich reaction was tried with the pyrazoline derivative (4 d). Bromination of the 2-cinnamoyl compounds (1 a-c), and cyclization of the products were also undertaken.
A general model for clustering binary data (2005)

Clustering is the problem of identifying the distribution of patterns and intrinsic correlations in large data sets by partitioning the data points into similarity classes. This paper studies the problem of clustering binary data. This is the case for market basket datasets where the transactions contain items and for document datasets where the documents contain "bag of words". The contribution of the paper is three-fold. First a general binary data clustering model is presented. The model treats the data and features equally, based on their symmetric association relations, and explicitly describes the data assignments as well as feature assignments. We characterize several variations with different optimization procedures for the general model. Second, we also establish the connections between our clustering model with other existing clustering methods. Third, we also discuss the problem for determining the number of clusters for binary clustering. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed clustering model.
Effects of insulin, insulin-like growth factor I, and gonadotropins on bovine granulosa cell proliferation, progesterone production, estradiol production, and(or) insulin-like growth factor I production in vitro1 (1993)

The objectives of the present studies were to determine the effect of insulin, insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), testosterone, and FSH on proliferation, progesterone production, and(or) estradiol production of bovine granulosa cells. In addition, existence of IGF-I mRNA in granulosa cells and in vitro IGF-I production by granulosa cells were assessed. Cells from small (1 to 5 mm) and large (> or = 8 mm) follicles were collected from cattle and cultured for either 3 or 4 d. When cells from small follicles were cultured, insulin (.1 to 10 micrograms/mL) and IGF-I (100 to 400 ng/mL) increased (P < .05) cell numbers compared with controls. Insulin alone or IGF-I alone increased (P < .05) progesterone production per cell by severalfold on d 4. In cells from both sizes of follicles, insulin (1 microgram/mL), in the presence of FSH, increased estradiol production per cell. In contrast, IGF-I (100 ng/mL) inhibited estradiol production by cells from small follicles and stimulated estradiol production by cells from large follicles. Insulin-like growth factor II (100 ng/mL) and insulin at higher doses (> or = 5 micrograms/mL) had no effect on estradiol production by cells from small and large follicles. Granulosa cells contained four IGF-I mRNA transcripts and produced IGF-I in vitro. These results support the hypothesis that insulin and IGF-I may have direct local effects on bovine ovarian function, and that these effects are influenced by dose and size of follicle.
Islet Autotransplant Outcomes After Total Pancreatectomy: A Contrast to Islet Allograft Outcomes (2008)

Islet function is more resilient in autografts than allografts. Indeed, the 5-year insulin-independence persistence rate for IATs is similar to the 2-year rate for allografts. Several factors unique to allocases are likely responsible for the differences, including donor brain death, longer cold ischemia time, diabetogenic immunosuppression, and auto- and alloimmunity. IAT outcomes provide a minimum theoretical standard to work toward in allotransplantation.
Straightforward, One-Step Fabrication of Ultrathin Thermoresponsive Films from Commercially Available pNIPAm for Cell Culture and Recovery (2011)

The use of thermoresponsive surfaces as platforms for cell culture and cell regeneration has been explored over the last couple of decades. Poly-N-isopropylacrylamide (pNIPAm) is a well characterized thermoresponsive polymer which has an aqueous lower critical solution temperature (LCST) in a physiologically useful range, which allows it to reversibly attract (T < 32 °C) and repel water (T > 32 °C). It is this phenomenon that is exploited in temperature-controlled cell harvesting. pNIPAm coatings are generally poorly cell compatible and a number of complex or expensive techniques have been developed in order to overcome this issue. This study seeks to design a simple one-step system whereby commercially sourced pNIPAm is used to achieve similar results. Films were deposited using the operationally simple but rheologically complex spin coating technique. Reversible temperature modulated cell adhesion was achieved using a variety of different cell lines. This system offers a simplistic and cheaper alternative to methods used elsewhere.
Implantation of genetically manipulated fibroblasts into mice as antitumor alpha-interferon therapy. (1990)

Long-term parenteral administration of human alpha-interferon (HuIFN-alpha) is effective in the treatment of several malignancies, including chronic myelocytic leukemia. In the present study, a model for fibroblast-mediated HuIFN-alpha gene therapy for the treatment of chronic myelocytic leukemia is described. Human IFN-alpha 5 complementary DNA was inserted into a bovine papilloma virus plasmid vector (BMGNeo) containing a neomycin resistance gene. The recombinant plasmid (BMGNeo-IFN) was transfected into NIH/3T3 fibroblasts by the calcium phosphate coprecipitation method, and stably transformed cells were isolated by G418 selection. A fibroblast clone secreting a large amount of HuIFN into the culture supernatant was selected by radioimmunoassay using anti-HuIFN-alpha monoclonal antibodies. Southern blot analysis revealed that the transformed cells contained approximately ten copies of the BMGNeo-IFN plasmid per cell, and Northern blot analysis demonstrated high expression of HuIFN-alpha mRNA in the cells. This fibroblast clone strongly suppressed proliferation of a HuIFN-alpha-sensitive chronic myelocytic leukemia cell line (KU812) during cocultivation in vitro. When the HuIFN-alpha-producing fibroblasts were implanted into nude mice bearing KU812 tumors by the subcutaneous diffusion chamber method, tumor growth in vivo was also significantly suppressed. This study suggests the clinical potential of fibroblast-mediated gene therapy in the future.
Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid, an inhibitor of histone deacetylase, suppresses the growth of prostate cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. (2000)

Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) is the prototype of a family of hybrid polar compounds that induce growth arrest in transformed cells and show promise for the treatment of cancer. SAHA induces differentiation and/or apoptosis in certain transformed cells in culture and is a potent inhibitor of histone deacetylases. In this study, we examined the effects of SAHA on the growth of human prostate cancer cells in culture and on the growth of the CWR22 human prostate xenograft in nude mice. SAHA suppressed the growth of the LNCaP, PC-3, and TSU-Pr1 cell lines at micromolar concentrations (2.5-7.5 microM). SAHA induced dose-dependent cell death in the LNCaP cells. In mice with transplanted CWR222 human prostate tumors, SAHA (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg/day) caused significant suppression of tumor growth compared with mice receiving vehicle alone; treatment with 50 mg/kg/day resulted in a 97% reduction in the mean final tumor volume compared with controls. At this dose, there was no detectable toxicity as evaluated by weight gain and necropsy examination. Increased accumulation of acetylated core histones was detected in the CWR22 tumors within 6 h of SAHA administration. SAHA induced prostate-specific antigen mRNA expression in CWR22 prostate cancer cells, resulting in higher levels of serum prostate-specific antigen than predicted from tumor volume alone. The results suggest that hydroxamic acid-based hybrid polar compounds inhibit prostate cancer cell growth and may be useful, relatively nontoxic agents for the treatment of prostate carcinoma.
Purification and properties of the Escherichia coli host factor required for inversion of the G segment in bacteriophage Mu. (1986)

G inversion in bacteriophage Mu requires the product of the DNA invertase gene gin and an Escherichia coli host factor termed FIS (factor for inversion stimulation). A recombination substrate must contain two recombination sites, arranged as inverted repeats, and a recombinational enhancer sequence termed sis. FIS has been purified to homogeneity. The purified protein has a relative molecular weight of 12,000 when analyzed under denaturing conditions. The intact protein behaves as a dimer of relative molecular weight 25,000 in gel filtration analysis. The purified protein does not possess any recombinogenic activity when assayed in the absence of the DNA-invertase Gin. In the presence of purified Gin FIS is the only additional protein required for efficient inversion. By performing gel retention assays, we show that FIS is a DNA-binding protein, which specifically binds to DNA fragments containing the recombinational enhancer sis.
Distinct signals for antibody-dependent and nonspecific killing of tumor targets mediated by macrophages. (1982)

Abstract Conditions influencing the generation of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and several types of nonspecific tumor cell killing by macrophages were compared. Resident mouse peritoneal macrophages and several macrophage cell lines spontaneously display very low levels of ADCC to lymphoma targets. However, ADCC could be greatly stimulated in these macrophage populations by several days of culture with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), tumor promoter phorbol myristic acetate (PMA), and lymphokine (LK) preparations. Fibroblast L cell-conditioned medium (L-CM), a source of activities required for in vitro macrophage colony formation, also augmented ADCC. Two days of preincubation was optimal for stimulation of this cytotoxic activity. In contrast to these results, pretreatment of macrophages with any of the agents inhibitor tumor toxicity induced by nonspecific activating drugs present during the assay. This inverse relation between ADCC and nonspecific killing after pretreatment was obtained with peritoneal cells and two cloned macrophage cell lines. Thus, although the same cell or cell type can mediate both types of killing, the two mechanisms seem to be mediated by distinct states of a macrophage. The ADCC-stimulating agents, LPS, LK, and L-CM, probably have a common pathway of activation, because dexamethasone at 10−6 M inhibited their effect. The factors in the LK and L-CM that stimulate ADCC are distinct from LPS, because the endogenous activities were inactivated by boiling. The activities are also separate from interleukin 2 and myeloid colony-stimulating activities (CSA). A macrophage-type colony-stimulating factor purified from L-CM, CSF-1, had no effect on macrophage tumoricidal activity. ADCC-stimulating activity was not the same as macrophage-activating factor for nonspecific killing of fibrosarcoma targets, because the latter is not found in L-CM. It is concluded that macrophage ADCC and nonspecific cytotoxicity may be regulated by different endogenous signals and may represent different states of stimulated macrophages.
Improving liner cementing in high-angle/horizontal wells (1988)

From September 1985 to January 1987, Standard Alaska Production Co. (SAPC) drilled eight nonconventional (horizontal or high-angle) wells at Prudhoe Bay. Typical well profiles are shown. Drilling techniques used in the first three wells are described elsewhere. Liners were cemented for zonal isolation in seven of the eight non-conventional wells. Cementing techniques included off-bottom cementing of 7-in. liners for gas cap isolation; simultaneous rotation/reciprocation of liners while cementing, and strategic placement of a cement-filled formation packer between the gas/oil contact and the oil producing interval. The liner cementing techniques used on the seven wells are detailed herein. Results are evaluated by reviewing cement evaluation logs and production data. Since January 1987, seven additional horizontal or high-angle wells have been drilled and completed with cemented liners. These last seven wells are not included in this article, other than to reference the longer liner lengths that recently have been cemented and perforated.
Phase separation in polystyrene latex interpenetrating polymer networks (1990)

Abstract Polystyrene/polystyrene latex interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) were prepared by seeded emulsion polymerzation of styrene–divinylbenzene mixtures in crosslinked monodisperse polystyrene seed latexes. The resulting latexes comprised uniform nonspherical particles, which were formed by separation of the second‐stage monomer from the crosslinked seed network during swelling and polymerization. The kinetics of phase separation were investigated by examining the changes in particle morphology using optical microscopy, which revealed that the phase separation was induced by the relaxation of the polymer chains before polymerization began and was enhanced by increased conversion. The thermodynamics of phase separation were investigated by analysis of the free‐energy changes during swelling and polymerization, and the phase separation was described by a nucleation‐and‐growth mechanism. The results of this study have been applied to the design and synthesis of a series of uniform nonspherical particles of different morphology.
Person Search with Natural Language Description (2017)

Searching persons in large-scale image databases with the query of natural language description has important applications in video surveillance. Existing methods mainly focused on searching persons with image-based or attribute-based queries, which have major limitations for a practical usage. In this paper, we study the problem of person search with natural language description. Given the textual description of a person, the algorithm of the person search is required to rank all the samples in the person database then retrieve the most relevant sample corresponding to the queried description. Since there is no person dataset or benchmark with textual description available, we collect a large-scale person description dataset with detailed natural language annotations and person samples from various sources, termed as CUHK Person Description Dataset (CUHK-PEDES). A wide range of possible models and baselines have been evaluated and compared on the person search benchmark. An Recurrent Neural Network with Gated Neural Attention mechanism (GNA-RNN) is proposed to establish the state-of-the art performance on person search.
CD39 is incorporated into plasma microparticles where it maintains functional properties and impacts endothelial activation (2008)

Plasma microparticles (MPs, <1.5 mum) originate from platelet and cell membrane lipid rafts and possibly regulate inflammatory responses and thrombogenesis. These actions are mediated through their phospholipid-rich surfaces and associated cell-derived surface molecules. The ectonucleotidase CD39/ecto-nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase1 (E-NTPDase1) modulates purinergic signalling through pericellular ATP and ADP phosphohydrolysis and is localized within lipid rafts in the membranes of endothelial- and immune cells. This study aimed to determine whether CD39 associates with circulating MPs and might further impact phenotype and function. Plasma MPs were found to express CD39 and exhibited classic E-NTPDase ecto-enzymatic activity. Entpd1 (Cd39) deletion in mice produced a pro-inflammatory phenotype associated with quantitative and qualitative differences in the MP populations, as determined by two dimensional-gel electrophoresis, western blot and flow cytometry. Entpd1-null MPs were also more abundant, had significantly higher proportions of platelet- and endothelial-derived elements and decreased levels of interleukin-10, tumour necrosis factor receptor 1 and matrix metalloproteinase 2. Consequently, Cd39-null MP augment endothelial activation, as determined by inflammatory cytokine release and upregulation of adhesion molecules in vitro. In conclusion, CD39 associates with circulating MP and may directly or indirectly confer functional properties. Our data also suggest a modulatory role for CD39 within MP in the exchange of regulatory signals between leucocytes and vascular cells.