gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the lowest-order transverse-electric (TE_1) and transverse-magnetic (TEM) modes of the parallel-plate waveguide for terahertz pulse applications (2009)

We present a comprehensive experimental study comparing the propagation characteristics of the virtually unknown TE(1) mode to the well-known TEM mode of the parallel-plate waveguide (PPWG), for THz pulse applications. We demonstrate that it is possible to overcome the undesirable effects caused by the TE(1) mode's inherent low-frequency cutoff, making it a viable THz wave-guiding option, and that for certain applications, the TE(1) mode may even be more desirable than the TEM mode. This study presents a whole new dimension to the THz technological capabilities offered by the PPWG, via the possible use of the TE(1) mode.
Study on the Calcination of Titanium Silicalite Zeolite (<i>TS-1</i>) (2011)

The calcination process of titanium silicalite zeolite TS-1, which was prepared by hydrothermal method, was investigated using TG-DTA, XRD, FT-IR and SEM. With TG-DTA analysis, it has been observed that the crystal form was not changed after calcination under 1073K and the amount of template removal from zeolite channels was not affected by heating rate. The photographs of SEM showed that calcined TS-1 crystal morphology was integrated under 823K, but ruptured at 923K. Analyzing FT-IR with XRD results, the calcination process changed the cell parameter and unit cell volume, and increased the crystallinity of zeolite TS-1.
Defining In Vivo Dendritic Cell Functions Using CD11c-DTR Transgenic Mice (2009)

The study of dendritic cell involvement in complex phenomena that rely on multi-cellular interactions, such as immune homeostasis, stimulation, and tolerization, called for the investigation of dendritic cell functions within physiological context. To this end we have developed a conditional cell ablation strategy that is based on dendritic cell-restricted expression of a Diphtheria Toxin receptor (DTR) using the CD11c/Itgax promoter. Here, we provide basic protocols that describe the use of this prototypic dendritic cell ablation model and highlight pitfalls and strengths of the approach.
All-Fiber Add/Drop Device Based on a Silica Micro Sphere Whispering-Gallery-Mode System (2000)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text M. Cai and K. Vahala, "All-Fiber Add/Drop Device Based on a Silica Micro Sphere Whispering-Gallery-Mode System," in Photonics in Switching, P. Prucnal and D. Blumenthal, eds., Vol. 32 of OSA Trends in Optics and Photonics (Optica Publishing Group, 1999), paper 155. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Arabidopsis DNA Encoding Two Desiccation-Responsive rd29 Genes (1993)

During drought or water-deficit conditions, plants undergo a number of physiological and developmental responses. Recently, many genes have been shown to be responsive to water deficiency at the transcriptional level. Most of the genes that have been studied to date are also induced by the plant hormone ABA (Skriver and Mundy, 1990; Bray, 1991). To analyze signal transduction pathways between drought stress and gene expression, we have cloned and characterized nine independent cDNAs (named RD) whose corresponding genes are responsive to desiccation stress in Arabidopsis thaliana (Yamaguchi-Shinozaki et al., 1992). One of the RD clones, RD29, is induced by drought stress very quickly and strongly, and this induction is a two-phase process (Yamaguchi-Shinozaki et al., 1992; Yamaguchi-Shinozaki and Shinozaki, 1992). The first, quick induction, occurred within 20 min and the second, slow induction, was observed within 3 h. Exogenous ABA induced RD29 mRNA, but the quick induction of the RD29 gene, found during the desiccation treatment, was not observed after ABA treatment (Yamaguchi-Shinozaki and Shinozaki, 1992). These observations suggest that the RD29 gene is induced by ABA, but its quick induction within 20 min by desiccation is not mediated by ABA. There seem to be ABA-independent as well as ABAmediated signal transduction pathways between water stress and the induction of the RD29 gene. Genomic Southem analysis revealed that there are severa1 genes for the RD29 cDNA on the Arabidopsis genome (Yamaguchi-Shinozaki and Shinozaki, 1992). We isolated two genes corresponding to the RD29 clone, and these two genes are tandemly located in an 8-kb region of the Arabidopsis genomeWe designated these two genes rd29A and rd29B. The characteristics of the two genes and their flanking regions are summarized in Table I. The coding region of rd29A was determined on the basis of the sequence of RD29 cDNA. The coding region of rd29B was determined by comparing the nucleotide sequence of rd29B with that of rd29A. Both rd29A and rd29B genes contain three introns at the same positions.
Immunogenicity of BHK-rabies vaccine in human volunteers. (1998)

The production of rabies vaccine on baby hamster kidney (BHK-21) cells for human use is discussed. Long term experience in application of this vaccine in animals, without any noticeable complications and findings of inactivation of contaminated DNA from the cell substrate by beta-propiolactone have justified its recommendation for human use. Preliminary results of applying this simple, adjuvant vaccine in volunteers, confirmed its good tolerability and immunogenicity.
Investigation and Field Evaluation of a Foamed Viscoelastic Surfactant Diversion Fluid Applied During Coiled-Tubing Matrix-Acid Treatment (2006)

Abstract When designing an acid treatment, the engineer often faces the question of what diversion method will be the most effective yet least damaging to the formation. Previous work has been published about evaluation methods, and conceptually diversion theory seems straightforward, but detailed post-job analysis and treatment optimization is often forgotten, especially when post-job production results meet or exceed expectation. Once a particular diverter is selected, the next question often is how much is required? If too small of volume is used, then treatment diversion will not be achieved. If too large of volume is used, then cleanup times and the risk of permanent damage increases. Viscoelastic surfactants have recently become a popular additive for diversion pills, based on their polymer-free chemistry. Various formulations, including foam, have been successfully applied in acid stimulation treatments, but little post-job analysis has been published. Viscoelastic fluid properties vary over a pH range during acid spending on the formation and when foamed, determination of bottomhole properties is further complicated. A tube viscometer and parallel core flow cells were utilized to determine the rheological properties and diversion effectiveness of various formulations of foamed viscoelastic surfactant at bottomhole conditions. An optimum formulation was determined, and this fluid was then applied and evaluated in a field application. A down-hole memory gauge was run during a coiled tubing acid treatment, and delta pressure changes were evaluated to determine the diversion effect.
Efficient and Robust Color Consistency for Community Photo Collections (2016)

We present an efficient technique to optimize color consistency of a collection of images depicting a common scene. Our method first recovers sparse pixel correspondences in the input images and stacks them into a matrix with many missing entries. We show that this matrix satisfies a rank two constraint under a simple color correction model. These parameters can be viewed as pseudo white balance and gamma correction parameters for each input image. We present a robust low-rank matrix factorization method to estimate the unknown parameters of this model. Using them, we improve color consistency of the input images or perform color transfer with any input image as the source. Our approach is insensitive to outliers in the pixel correspondences thereby precluding the need for complex pre-processing steps. We demonstrate high quality color consistency results on large photo collections of popular tourist landmarks and personal photo collections containing images of people.
The minimum amount of homology required for homologous recombination in mammalian cells. (1984)

Although DNA sequence homology is believed to be a prerequisite for homologous recombination events in procaryotes and eucaryotes, no systematic study has been done on the minimum amount of homology required for homologous recombination in mammalian cells. We have used simian virus 40-pBR322 hybrid plasmids constructed in vitro as substrates to quantitate intramolecular homologous recombination in cultured monkey cells. Excision of wild-type simian virus 40 DNA by homologous recombination was scored by the viral plaque assay. Using a series of plasmids containing 0 to 243 base pairs of homology, we have shown that the recombination frequency decreases as the homology is reduced, with the sharpest drop in recombination frequency occurring when the homology was reduced from 214 to 163 base pairs. However, low recombination frequencies were also observed with as little as 14 base pairs of homology.
A completely biological tissue-engineered human blood vessel (1998)

Mechanically challenged tissue-engineered organs, such as blood vessels, traditionally relied on synthetic or modified biological materials for structural support. In this report, we present a novel approach to tissue-engineered blood vessel (TEBV) production that is based exclusively on the use of cultured human cells, i.e., without any synthetic or exogenous biomaterials. Human vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC) cultured with ascorbic acid produced a cohesive cellular sheet. This sheet was placed around a tubular support to produce the media of the vessel. A similar sheet of human fibroblasts was wrapped around the media to provide the adventitia. After maturation, the tubular support was removed and endothelial cells were seeded in the lumen. This TEBV featured a well-defined, three-layered organization and numerous extracellular matrix proteins, including elastin. In this environment, SMC reexpressed desmin, a differentiation marker known to be lost under standard culture conditions. The endothelium expressed von Willebrand factor, incorporated acetylated LDL, produced PGI2, and strongly inhibited platelet adhesion in vitro. The complete vessel had a burst strength over 2000 mmHg. This is the first completely biological TEBV to display a burst strength comparable to that of human vessels. Short-term grafting experiment in a canine model demonstrated good handling and suturability characteristics. Taken together, these results suggest that this novel technique can produce completely biological vessels fulfilling the fundamental requirements for grafting: high burst strength, positive surgical handling, and a functional endothelium.
Pneumatic and Thermal State Estimators for Production Engine Control and Diagnostics (1998)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Pneumatic and Thermal State Estimator (PSE and TSE) algorithms were implemented in a production speed-density Engine Management System (EMS) to provide engine mass flow, pressure, and temperature estimates for general use by other control, diagnostic, and estimator algorithms.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;A fluid-network architecture (see, for example, [&lt;span class="xref"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;],[&lt;span class="xref"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;]) was used to significantly reduce development cycle time associated with iterative calibration work, to increase flexibility to engine hardware changes, and to enable the application of Modern Control Theory.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The algorithms and associated development process were applied to a 2.4L DOHC engine. The PSE and TSE met internally-defined performance requirements and, in application, LEV emissions.&lt;/div&gt;
A New Approach to Preventing Lost Circulation While Drilling (1992)

ABSTRACT This paper presents a new concept, theoretical formulations, and field test results of the loss prevention material (LPM*) developed for use in many possible applications such as high-angle and horizontal well drilling, drilling through severely depleted formations (to optimize casing requirements), drilling through highly tectonically active areas (i.e., regions of over-thrust faults and salt dome structures) where the in situ rock stresses are high and directionally unequal. Both open-hole microfractures and 5000-ft open-hole leak off tests using LPM were successfully conducted in our wells in Newkirk, Oklahoma, and Ventura, California. LPM is a specially selected (material strength and specific gravity) and narrowly sized granular material which, after being fully mixed in oil or water based mud at an optimum concentration, can provide good protection to formations against lost circulation while drilling. Higher formation fracture resistance resulting from the use of LPM in drilling fluids can reduce or prevent the occurrence of lost circulation while drilling. This paper will show that a remarkable increase of 8.0 ppg in borehole breakdown pressure was achieved in one of our tests in the Newkirk well. An increase of fracture propagation pressure in the range of 3.0 to 6.0 ppg was recorded in the field tests. These results are in general agreement with our laboratory findings also discussed in this paper.
Pharmacological pleiotropism of the human recombinant α1A‐adrenoceptor: implications for α1‐adrenoceptor classification (1997)

1. Three fully-defined alpha1-adrenoceptors (alpha1A, alpha1B and alpha1D) have been established in pharmacological and molecular studies. A fourth alpha1-adrenoceptor, the putative alpha1L-adrenoceptor, has been defined in functional but not molecular studies, and has been proposed to mediate contraction of human lower urinary tract tissues; its relationship to the three fully characterized alpha1-adrenoceptors is not known. 2. In the present study, binding affinities were estimated by displacement of [3H]-prazosin in membrane homogenates of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cells stably expressing the human alpha1A-, alpha1B- and alpha1D-adrenoceptors and were compared with affinity estimates obtained functionally in identical cells by measuring inhibition of noradrenaline (NA)-stimulated accumulation of [3H]-inositol phosphates. 3. For the alpha1A-adrenoceptor, binding studies revealed a pharmacological profile typical for the classically defined alpha1A-adrenoceptor, such that prazosin, RS-17053, WB 4101, 5-methylurapidil, Rec 15/2739 and S-niguldipine all displayed subnanomolar affinity. A different profile of affinity estimates was obtained in inositol phosphates accumulation studies: prazosin, WB 4101, 5-methylurapidil, RS-17053 and S-niguldipine showed 10 to 40 fold lower affinity than in membrane binding. However, affinity estimates were not 'frameshifted', as tamsulosin, indoramin and Rec 15/2739 yielded similar, high affinity estimates in binding and functional assays. 4. In contrast, results from human alpha1B- and alpha1D-adrenoceptors expressed in CHO-K1 cells gave antagonist affinity profiles in binding and functional assays that were essentially identical. 5. A concordance of affinity estimates from the functional (inositol phosphates accumulation) studies of the alpha1A-adrenoceptor in CHO-K1 cells was found with estimates published recently from contractile studies in human lower urinary tract tissues (putative alpha1L-adrenoceptor). These data show that upon functional pharmacological analysis, the cloned alpha1A-adrenoceptor displays pharmacological recognition properties consistent with those of the putative alpha1L-adrenoceptor. Why this profile differs from that obtained in membrane binding, and whether it explains the alpha1L-adrenoceptor pharmacology observed in many native tissues, requires further investigation.
Extension of bacteriophage lambda host range: selection, cloning, and characterization of a constitutive lambda receptor gene. (1984)

A set of plasmids has been constructed that carry a constitutive lamB gene (LamBc phenotype) from Escherichia coli and that confer functional phage lambda receptors to bacteria other than E. coli. This E. coli LamBc strain has been selected to escape both maltose-inducible and glucose-repressible control. Constitutivity results from an IS-3 insertion, carrying a mobile promoter, proximal to lamB. The LamBc DNA has been cloned into both broad and narrow host-range plasmids, and the resulting pTROY plasmids have been transferred to diverse bacteria. Both Salmonella typhimurium/pTROY and Klebsiella pneumoniae/pTROY strains efficiently adsorb phage lambda; Pseudomonas aeruginosa/pTROY strains do not. Introduction of a functional E. coli LamB protein into foreign bacterial will allow these bacteria carrying pTROY plasmids to be infected by phage lambda recombinant DNA libraries, phage lambda::Tn insertion mutagenesis vectors, and in vivo lambda-packaged cosmids.
DNA Damage as the Primary Cause of Aging (1981)

DNA damage appears to be ubiquitous in the biological world, as judged by the variety of organisms which have evolved DNA-repair systems. Previously, it was proposed that germ-line DNA of multicellular organisms may be protected from damage, and consequently from aging, by efficient recombinational repair during meiosis. The somatic line, however, may be vulnerable to the accumulation of DNA damage, and hence undergo aging, owing to relatively less repair. Although the DNA lesions most important in aging are not known yet, there is evidence for serveral types of endogenous damage. DNA lesions have been shown to interfere with transcription and replication, and so lead to loss of cell function and death. In mammals, there is a progressive decline of function in many different tissues with increasing age. Deterioration of central nervous system functions appears to be a critical part of the aging process. This may be due to the low DNA repair capacity which is found in postmitotic brain tissue, and which could result in the accumulation of DNA lesions in this tissue. Also reviewed is evidence that species longevity is directly related to tissue DNA-repair capacity and that aging may be accelerated by treatment with DNA-damaging agents, or in individuals with genetically defective repair. Although it has been frequently postulated that somatic mutation may be cause of aging, current evidence suggests that it is probably less important than DNA damage. A prominent theory on the evolution of aging, which attributes special importance to genes that are advantagous in youth but are deleterious later on, is discussed in terms of regulatory genes that reduce DNA repair as cells differentiate to the postmitotic state. Finally, we hypothesize that the factors which determine maximum longevity of individuals in a population are the rate of occurrence of DNA damage, the rate of DNA repair, the degree of cellular redundancy, and the extent of exposure to stress.
Efficacy of live attenuated influenza vaccine in children 6 months to 17 years of age (2010)

The available data from prospective, randomized studies in children does not support the concept that prior repeated exposure to influenza, either through wild-type infection or vaccination with live, attenuated or inactivated vaccines, reduces the efficacy of LAIV compared with placebo or TIV. The decreased immunologic responses to LAIV reported in older individuals or those with pre-existing immunity do not appear to translate into reduced protection from influenza in children.
Interleukin 2 (1984)

Exhausted CD8 T (Tex) cells are a distinct cell lineage that arise during chronic infections and cancers in animal models and humans. Tex cells are characterized by progressive loss of effector functions, high and sustained inhibitory receptor expression, ...Read More
Mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida utilis with increased susceptibility to digestive enzymes (1981)

Mutants of Candida utilis and a haploid strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were isolated, after ultraviolet light mutagenesis, which had increased sensitivities to snail gut enzymes (ses). Three of the five S. cerevisiae mutants tested had increased sensitivities to porcine pepsin, all were more susceptible to a sequential treatment with pepsin, lipase, peptidase, and trypsin, four were sensitive to osmotic shock, and two had increased glucan/mannan ratios in their cell walls. All combinations of mutants showed positive complementation in heterozygous diploids, although complementation between one pair, which had the same phenotype, was incomplete, indicating that four to five different cistrons were involved. All mutations were found to be recessive. Haploid strains bearing pairs of ses mutations were not markedly more sensitive to mammalian digestive enzymes than strains with single mutations. Rat-feeding experiments with three mutants and the parental strains indicated that the protein was efficiently utilized in all cases. Net protein ratios for the two mutants of S. cerevisiae tested were slightly higher than that for their parent, but the differences were of marginal significance.
The H1c haplotype at the MAPT locus is associated with Alzheimer's disease (2005)

Although it is clear that microtubule associated protein tau (MAPT) is involved in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology, it has not been clear whether it is involved genetically. We have recently examined the MAPT locus in progressive supranuclear palsy and found that a haplotype (H1c) on the background of the well-described H1 clade is associated with PSP. Here we report that the same haplotype is associated with the risk of AD in two autopsy confirmed series of cases with ages at death >65 years.
Reactivity of 3‐amino‐3H‐quinazolin‐4‐one derivatives towards some electrophilic and nucleophilic reagents and using of the products in the building of some interesting heterocycles as anticancer agent (2006)

Abstract magnified image The chemical reactivity of N ‐[1‐(3‐amino‐6,8‐dibromo‐4‐oxo‐3,4‐dihydro‐quinazolin‐2‐yl)‐2‐(2‐chlorophenyl)‐vinyl]benzamide ( 3 ) towards electrophilic and nucleophilic reagents have been reported. Structures of the products 3‐24 have been confirmed by elemental analysis and spectral data (IR, 1 H‐NMR, 13 C and MS). The bioassay indicates that some of the prepared compounds have a good selective anticancer activity.