gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rapid Directed Assembly of Block Copolymer Films at Elevated Temperatures (2008)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTRapid Directed Assembly of Block Copolymer Films at Elevated TemperaturesAdam M. Welander†, Huiman Kang†, Karl O. Stuen†, Harun H. Solak‡, Marcus Müller§, Juan J. de Pablo†, and Paul F. Nealey*†View Author Information Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706; Laboratory for Micro- and Nanotechnology, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen PSI, Switzerland; and Institut für Theoretische Physik, Georg-August Universität, 37077 Göttingen, Germany* Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]†University of Wisconsin.‡Paul Scherrer Institute.§Georg-August Universität.Cite this: Macromolecules 2008, 41, 8, 2759–2761Publication Date (Web):April 1, 2008Publication History Received9 January 2008Revised14 February 2008Published online1 April 2008Published inissue 1 April 2008https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma800056shttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma800056srapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2008 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1980Altmetric-Citations139LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Annealing (metallurgy),Chemical structure,Copolymers,Defects,Thin films Get e-Alerts
Comparison of iodine-123-vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor scintigraphy and indium-111-CYT-103 immunoscintigraphy. (1996)

Intestinal adenocarcinomas co-express VIP receptors and the IAG-72 antigen. Despite significant in vitro binding of both agents, however, the VIP receptor scan is more sensitive in localizing intestinal adenocarcinomas and metastatic spread.
Determining 3D Flow Fields via Multi-camera Light Field Imaging (2013)

In the field of fluid mechanics, the resolution of computational schemes has outpaced experimental methods and widened the gap between predicted and observed phenomena in fluid flows. Thus, a need exists for an accessible method capable of resolving three-dimensional (3D) data sets for a range of problems. We present a novel technique for performing quantitative 3D imaging of many types of flow fields. The 3D technique enables investigation of complicated velocity fields and bubbly flows. Measurements of these types present a variety of challenges to the instrument. For instance, optically dense bubbly multiphase flows cannot be readily imaged by traditional, non-invasive flow measurement techniques due to the bubbles occluding optical access to the interior regions of the volume of interest. By using Light Field Imaging we are able to reparameterize images captured by an array of cameras to reconstruct a 3D volumetric map for every time instance, despite partial occlusions in the volume. The technique makes use of an algorithm known as synthetic aperture (SA) refocusing, whereby a 3D focal stack is generated by combining images from several cameras post-capture 1. Light Field Imaging allows for the capture of angular as well as spatial information about the light rays, and hence enables 3D scene reconstruction. Quantitative information can then be extracted from the 3D reconstructions using a variety of processing algorithms. In particular, we have developed measurement methods based on Light Field Imaging for performing 3D particle image velocimetry (PIV), extracting bubbles in a 3D field and tracking the boundary of a flickering flame. We present the fundamentals of the Light Field Imaging methodology in the context of our setup for performing 3DPIV of the airflow passing over a set of synthetic vocal folds, and show representative results from application of the technique to a bubble-entraining plunging jet.
Platelets Amplify Inflammation in Arthritis via Collagen-Dependent Microparticle Production (2010)

In addition to their pivotal role in thrombosis and wound repair, platelets participate in inflammatory responses. We investigated the role of platelets in the autoimmune disease rheumatoid arthritis. We identified platelet microparticles--submicrometer vesicles elaborated by activated platelets--in joint fluid from patients with rheumatoid arthritis and other forms of inflammatory arthritis, but not in joint fluid from patients with osteoarthritis. Platelet microparticles were proinflammatory, eliciting cytokine responses from synovial fibroblasts via interleukin-1. Consistent with these findings, depletion of platelets attenuated murine inflammatory arthritis. Using both pharmacologic and genetic approaches, we identified the collagen receptor glycoprotein VI as a key trigger for platelet microparticle generation in arthritis pathophysiology. Thus, these findings demonstrate a previously unappreciated role for platelets and their activation-induced microparticles in inflammatory joint diseases.
HapEdit: an accuracy assessment viewer for haplotype assembly using massively parallel DNA-sequencing technologies (2011)

The massively parallel sequencing technologies have recently flourished and dramatically cut the cost to sequence personal human genomes. Haplotype assembly from personal genomes sequenced using the massively parallel sequencing technologies is becoming a cost-effective and promising tool for human disease study. Computational assembly of haplotypes has been proved to be very accurate, but obviously contains errors. Here we present a tool, HapEdit, to assess the accuracy of assembled haplotypes and edit them manually. Using this tool, a user can break erroneous haplotype segments into smaller segments, or concatenate haplotype segments if the concatenated haplotype segments are sufficiently supported. A user can also edit bases with low-quality scores. HapEdit displays haplotype assemblies so that a user can easily navigate and pinpoint a region of interest. As inputs, HapEdit currently takes reads from the Polonator, Illumina, SOLiD, 454 and Sanger sequencing technologies.
Expression of two members of the Wnt family during mouse development--restricted temporal and spatial patterns in the developing neural tube. (1991)

The Wnt gene family encodes a group of cysteine-rich proteins implicated in intercellular signaling during several stages of vertebrate development. This family includes Wnt-1 and Wnt-3, both discovered as activated oncogenes in mouse mammary tumors. Here we describe the molecular cloning of an additional member of the Wnt family, called Wnt-3A, and the spatial and temporal expression pattern of this gene as well as that of its close relative Wnt-3. The putative amino acid sequences of both proteins are almost 90% identical, but in situ hybridization to mouse embryo sections showed highly restricted patterns of expression of Wnt-3 and Wnt-3A, largely in separate areas in the developing nervous system. In the spinal cord Wnt-3 was expressed at low levels in the alar laminae and in the ventral horns, whereas Wnt-3A expression was confined to the roof plate. In the developing brain Wnt-3 was expressed broadly across the dorsal portion of the neural tube with a rostral boundary of expression at the diencephalon. In contrast, Wnt-3A was expressed in a narrow region very close to the midline; expression extended into the bifurcating telencephalon, in a highly localized fashion. Both Wnt-3 and Wnt-3A were expressed in the ectoderm, and Wnt-3A was also expressed in the periumbilical mesenchyme. Characteristic expression patterns of these two closely related genes suggest that Wnt-3 and Wnt-3A play distinct roles in cell-cell signaling during morphogenesis of the developing neural tube.
Evaluación de lagunas de estabilización : planta extractora Monterrey (1994)

En este articulo se presenta el informe final sobre la evaluacion de las lagunas de estabilizacion en la Planta Extractora de Monterrey. Los objetivos del estudio fueron: evaluar el sistema de tratamiento de las aguas residuales en esta planta, mediante lagunas de estabilizacion, para obtener parametros de la carga organica admisible que puedan optimizar futuros disenos de estos sistemas, y determinar la evolucion del sistema despues de siete anos de operacion. Como el principal tratamiento en las lagunas de Monterrey es anaerobico, los autores presentan una descripcion de los principales procesos, incluyendo la descomposicion anaerobia de materia organica, los parametros de control utilizados y las lagunas de estabilizacion. Se presenta la metodologia para los aforos, para la caracterizacion y muestreo de los efluentes y para la evaluacion del nivel de lodos. En los resultados se hace la descripcion del sistema, se presentan los aforos de produccion de efluentes y del vaciado de la laguna de desaceitado, asi como el comportamiento del flujo entre lagunas; se discute la variabilidad del pH con el tiempo, y se presentan los resultados de caracterizacion a la entrada y salida, incluyendo el porcentaje de remocion, asi como la evaluacion de lodos. Se concluye que las lagunas de Monterrey funcionan en forma adecuada y que cumplen con las leyes vigentes en cuanto a los vertimientos, en terminos de remocion de materia organica. Los autores consideran que los buenos resultados en la laguna anaerobica 1(metanogenica) se pueden originar por los acondicionamientos previos en las lagunas de desaceitado, las cuales podrian estar cumpliendo el papel de lagunas acidogenicas. Finalmente, se hacen recomendaciones sobre el estanque de lodos, la realizacion de una caracterizacion del sistema durante los picos de produccion y la realizacion de una purga de los lodos en las lagunas 2 y 3.
Identification of a Dual Specificity Kinase That Activates the Jun Kinases and p38-Mpk2 (1995)

One Ras-dependent protein kinase cascade leading from growth factor receptors to the ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinases) subgroup of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) is dependent on the protein kinase Raf-1, which activates the MEK (MAPK or ERK kinase) dual specificity kinases. A second protein kinase cascade leading to activation of the Jun kinases (JNKs) is dependent on MEKK (MEK kinase). A dual-specificity kinase that activates JNK, named JNKK, was identified that functions between MEKK and JNK. JNKK activated the JNKs but did not activate the ERKs and was unresponsive to Raf-1 in transfected HeLa cells. JNKK also activated another MAPK, p38 (Mpk2; the mammalian homolog of HOG1 from yeast), whose activity is regulated similarly to that of the JNKs.
Counting White Blood Cells from a Blood Smear Using Fourier Ptychographic Microscopy (2015)

White blood cell (WBC) count is a valuable metric for assisting with diagnosis or prognosis of various diseases such as coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes, or infection. Counting WBCs can be done either manually or automatically. Automatic methods are capable of counting a large number of cells to give a statistically more accurate reading of the WBC count of a sample, but the specialized equipment tends to be expensive. Manual methods are inexpensive since they only involve a conventional light microscope setup. However, it is more laborious and error-prone because the small field-of-view (FOV) of the microscope necessitates mechanical scanning of a specimen for counting an adequate number of WBCs. Here, we investigate the use of Fourier ptychographic microscopy (FPM) to bypass these issues of the manual methods. With a 2x objective, FPM can provide a FOV of 120 mm2 with enhanced resolution comparable to that of a 20x objective, which is adequate for non-differentially counting WBCs in just one FOV. A specialist was able to count the WBCs in FPM images with 100% accuracy compared to the count as determined from conventional microscope images. An automatic counting algorithm was also developed to identify WBCs from FPM's captured images with 95% accuracy, paving the way for a cost-effective WBC counting setup with the advantages of both the automatic and manual counting methods.
Evaluation of a new disposable screen‐printed sensor strip for the measurement of NADH and its modification to produce a lactate biosensor employing microliter volumes (1996)

Abstract A combined sensor strip was fabricated by screen‐printing a Meldola Blue modified carbon working electrode and a Ag/AgCl combined reference/counter electrode alongside each other on a PVC substrate. This was investigated as an amperometric sensor for NADH, at an applied potential of 0 V, both in bulk solutions under hydrodynamic conditions and using 20 μL volumes without agitation. The former technique gave linear responses in the range 3–60 × 10 −6 mol dm −3 and the latter in the range 10−5 × 10 −4 mol dm −3 of NADH. Further modification of the electrodes with NAD + and lactate dehydrogenase converted the device to a biosensor for lactate both in spiked phosphate buffer and bovine serum. The sensors demonstrated good linear responses in the range 0–20 × 10 −3 mol dm −3 .
eRIPP‐FS: Enforcing privacy and security in RFID (2009)

Abstract In RFID systems addressing security issues, many authentication techniques require the tag to keep some sort of synchronization with the reader. In particular, this is true in those proposals that leverage hash chains. When the reader and the tag get de‐synchronized, possibly by an attacker, this paves the way to several denial of service (DoS) attacks, as well as threatening privacy (e.g., via the timing attack ). Even if de‐synchronization happens for non‐malicious causes, this event has a negative effect on performances (for instance, slowing down the authentication process). In this paper, we provide a solution to cope with the de‐synchronization between the tag and the reader when hash chains are employed. In particular, our solution relies on mutual reader‐tag authentication, achieved via hash traversal and Merkle tree techniques. We show that this techniques applied to an existing security protocol for RFID systems, such as RIPP‐FS, make timing attacks hard to succeed. Moreover, the proposed solutions can be transparently and independently adopted by similar security protocols as well to thwart timing attack and/or to provide reader‐tag mutual authentication. Finally, extensive simulations show that our proposal introduces a negligible overhead to recover de‐synchronization. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Biological and antitumor effects of recombinant human macrophage colony-stimulating factor in mice. (1991)

The administration of recombinant human macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) i.p. in doses of 25 or 100 micrograms twice daily for 5 consecutive days to non-tumor-bearing C57BL/6 mice resulted in a dose-dependent infiltration of mononuclear cells in the livers but not the lungs of these treated animals. Immunohistochemical examination of fixed liver tissue with the murine macrophage-specific monoclonal antibody, F4/80, revealed a greater than 5-fold increase in the number of hepatic macrophages. Quantification of F4/80-positive cells in a mononuclear single cell suspension derived from liver revealed a greater than 25-fold expansion in the number of hepatic macrophages compared to control mice. These cells were then tested in 18-h 51Cr release assays for tumoricidal activity, after an 18-h incubation with or without gamma-interferon, against cultured P815 targets. Significant tumor cell lysis by these liver-associated mononuclear cells occurred, which was enhanced by gamma-interferon preincubation. The systemic administration of M-CSF alone at high dose had no antitumor impact in vivo against 3-day pulmonary metastases from the MCA-203 sarcoma and B16 melanoma or hepatic metastases from the B16 melanoma or MCA-105, -203, or -207 sarcomas. Although the systemic administration of M-CSF in combination with tumor-specific monoclonal antibody had no effect on 3-day pulmonary metastases from the B16 melanoma, significant reductions in liver metastases were seen. These murine studies demonstrate the biological activity of recombinant human M-CSF in vivo and suggest that the administration of this cytokine in combination with specific monoclonal antibody may be useful in the treatment of patients with metastatic disease at sites of monocyte/macrophage accumulation.
Isotype Can Affect the Fine Specificity of an Antibody for a Polysaccharide Antigen (2002)

Ab specificity is determined by V region sequence. The murine Mab 18B7 (IgG1) binds to the Cryptococcus neoformans capsular polysaccharide glucuronoxylomannan and produces annular immunofluorescence (IF) on yeast cells. The heavy and light V regions of 18B7 were expressed with the human C regions micro, gamma 1, gamma 2, gamma 3, gamma 4, and alpha1, and the specificity and binding properties of these mouse-human chimeric (ch) Abs was determined. The chIgG1, chIgG2, chIgG4, and the chIgA produced annular IF, whereas the IgM and IgG3 produced punctate IF, despite identical V region sequences. Competition experiments with murine Abs that competed with mAb 18B7 and binding assays to peptide mimetics of glucuronoxylomannan provided additional evidence for altered specificity in some of the ch Abs. Expression of 18B7 heavy V region with murine micro C region produced IgM with a punctate IF, indicating that a change in fine specificity also accompanied the change from murine IgG1 to IgM. Our results show that Ab fine specificity can be a function of isotype. This phenomenon may be most apparent for Abs that bind to Ag with repeating epitopes, such as polysaccharides, where the quarternary structure of the Ag-Ab complex may be influenced by such constraints as Fab-Fab angles, Fc-Fc interactions, Ab size, and solvent accessibility to exposed surfaces. Alterations in Ab fine specificity following isotype change could have important implications for current concepts on the generation of secondary Ab responses to certain Ags and for the isotype preference observed in Abs to polysaccharides.
P4-S1.09 Development of a microwave: accelerated metal-enhanced fluorescence 40 s, <100 cfu/ml point of care assay for the detection ofChlamydia trachomatisandNeisseria gonorrhoea (2011)

Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) is the most prevalent bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STIs) reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). There were 1.2 million cases of chlamydia reported to the CDC in 2008. Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC) is also one of the most prevalent sexually transmitted infections in men and women. In 2009, there were 301 174, cases reported to the CDC, a rate of 99.1 per 100 000 populations. The CDC estimates that STIs cost the healthcare system $1.5 billion annually. Subsequently, there is an urgent need to develop a low cost sensitive and specific rapid diagnostic test to detect bacterial sexually transmitted infections. To this end, an exciting, novel and rapid technology, which integrates power lysis” and MAMEF (Microwave-Accelerated Metal-Enhanced Fluorescence), to both lyse CT and GC and detect the DNA released from CT and GC and combined CT and GC samples, within 40 s, is demonstrated. In a microwave cavity, 2.45 GHz microwave energy is highly focused into a lysing chamber, using 100 nm thick gold films with “bow-tie” structures, to lyse the bacteria within 10 s. The ultrafast detection of the released DNA from &lt;100 cfu/ml bacteria is accomplished in an additional 30 s by employing the microwave-accelerated metal-enhanced fluorescence (MAMEF) technique. This new “release and detect” platform technology is a highly attractive alternative method for the lysing of bacteria, DNA extraction and the fast quantification of bacteria and potentially many other pathogenic species and cells as well. Our approach is a significant step forward for the development of a point of care test for bacteria.
Hox Genes: From Leukemia to Hematopoietic Stem Cell Expansion (2005)

Hox genes are clearly implicated in leukemia; however, neither the specificity of the leukemogenic potential among Hox genes of different paralog groups nor the role of the homeodomain is clear. We tested the leukemogenic potential of various NUP98-Hox fusion genes alone and with MEIS1. All genes tested had a significant overlapping effect in bone marrow cells in vitro. However, not all formed strong leukemogenic NUP98 fusion genes; but together with overexpression of MEIS1, all induced myeloid leukemia. This phenomenon was also seen with NUP98 fusions containing only the homeodomain of the corresponding Hox protein. We then exploited the strong transforming potential of NUP98-HOXD13 and NUP98-HOXA10 to establish preleukemic myeloid lines composed of early myeloid progenitors with extensive in vitro self-renewal capacity, short-term myeloid repopulating activity, and low propensity for spontaneous leukemic conversion. We also showed that MEIS1 can efficiently induce their conversion to leukemic stem cells, thus providing a novel model for the study of leukemic progression. In contrast to the leukemogenic effect of most of the Hox genes tested, HOXB4 has the ability to increase the self-renewal of hematopoietic stem cells without disrupting normal differentiation. On the basis of the discovery that the leukemogenic gene HOXA9 can also expand hematopoietic stem cells, we compared the ability of NUP98-Hox fusions to that of HOXB4 to trigger HSC expansion in vitro. Our preliminary results indicate that the expanding potential of HOXB4 is retained and even augmented by fusion to NUP98. Moreover, even greater expansion may be possible using Abd-B-like Hox fusions genes.
Micro-mechanical logic for field produceable gate arrays (2005)

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2005.
17β‐estradiol downregulates β3‐integrin expression in differentiating and mature human osteoclasts (2003)

The increased bone resorption observed after estrogen withdrawal is responsible for bone loss and may lead to osteoporosis. The mechanism by which estradiol inhibits bone resorption is known to involve decreased osteoclastogenesis, however, the effect on osteoclast adhesion remains unclear. We examined the in vitro effect of estradiol and raloxifene on human osteoclast differentiation and function. Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells were cultured with M-CSF/RANK-L for 18 days, and we evaluated bone resorption, the expression of the protein and mRNA of the integrins, c-jun and c-fos in the presence or absence of estradiol. In this human model, beta3-integrin expression increased at the mRNA and protein levels during osteoclast differentiation, whereas that of beta5-integrin did not. We found that estradiol and raloxifene directly inhibited bone resorption on bone slices by 50%, and decreased the expression of beta3-integrin mRNA (60%) and protein (20%) in a time-dependent manner. Moreover, the mRNAs of c-fos and c-jun were both diminished by estradiol and raloxifene, particularly in early osteoclasts, but also to a lesser extent in mature cells. These findings suggest that the direct inhibitory action of estradiol on bone resorption may affect human osteoclast differentiation through downregulation of c-fos and c-jun and adhesion through modulation of beta3-integrin.