gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Explosive Flashbomb Luminosity Factors (1962)

A brief and exploratory experimental study of explosive flashbombs used framing cameras at 240,000 and 1,020,000 frames/sec. All experiments used atmospheric pressure gas and 8 by 8-in. pads 2-in. thick of composition B 3 explosive. No important differences in the luminosity of xenon and argon were noted when the two gases were enclosed in separate aluminized plastic bags with acrylic resin windows, shocked by separate explosive pads. Sodium salicylate did not fluoresce sufficiently to augment an argon flashbomb's visible light output. As windows on argon flashbombs, vinylidene chloride and cellophane strips and tape became absorptive while glass and acrylic resin sometimes became frosted, depending on undetermined conditions. A faint precursor luminosity was observed ahead of the main luminous front in an argon flashbomb. It had an initial velocity of 13 mm/μsec, decreasing in 10 μ;sec to 7 mm/μ;sec. The main luminous front was studied using color film of ASA speed 25 in high-speed cameras at 240,000 frames/sec with aperture f/21, exposure time 0.8 μ;sec, and a filter of neutral density 1.5. Diffusely illuminated white paper was recorded with the same framing rate, exposure time, f-number and no filter, using color film of ASA speed 160.
High-Level Expression of Proteins in Mammalian Cells Using Transcription Regulatory Sequences from the Chinese Hamster EF-1α Gene (2004)

High-level expression of a recombinant protein in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells typically requires the laborious and time-consuming procedure of stepwise gene amplification. We hypothesized that use of transcription control regions from a highly expressed gene in CHO cells to drive expression of a gene of interest might reduce the requirement for gene amplification. To this end, we cloned a 19 kb DNA fragment containing the Chinese hamster elongation factor-1alpha (EF-1alpha) gene, as well as 12 kb of 5' flanking sequence and 4 kb of 3' flanking sequence. Expression vectors containing 5' and 3' flanking sequences from the Chinese hamster EF-1alpha (CHEF1) gene were constructed and, after insertion of six different reporter genes, transfected into CHO cells. For comparison, CHO cells were also transfected with the same six reporter genes inserted into commercial vectors utilizing either the immediate early promoter from cytomegalovirus (CMV) or the human EF-1alpha promoter. The striking result from these studies was that average expression levels from pooled, stable transfectants of CHEF1 vectors were 6- to 35-fold higher than expression levels from commercial vectors that utilize the CMV or the human EF-1alpha promoters. We also used a CHEF1 vector to express a secreted and a membrane-bound protein in stably transfected non-CHO cell lines. CHEF1-driven expression of secreted alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) in three of four cell lines tested (HEK 293, K562, L1.2, and HCT 116) was 13- to 280-fold greater than that from a commercial vector employing the CMV promoter. After transfection of four different cell lines of hematopoietic origin (K562, L1.2, JY, and Jurkat), the CHEF1 vector was found to express the chemokine receptor CCR4 at >10-fold higher levels than that driven from a commercial vector utilizing the CMV promoter. Results from these experiments suggest that the CHEF1 vectors will be useful for high-level protein expression not only in CHO cells, but also in a variety of other mammalian cell lines.
Evidence for Shear Stress–Mediated Dilation of the Internal Carotid Artery in Humans (2016)

Increases in arterial carbon dioxide tension (hypercapnia) elicit potent vasodilation of cerebral arterioles. Recent studies have also reported vasodilation of the internal carotid artery during hypercapnia, but the mechanism(s) mediating this extracranial vasoreactivity are unknown. Hypercapnia increases carotid shear stress, a known stimulus to vasodilation in other conduit arteries. To explore the hypothesis that shear stress contributes to hypercapnic internal carotid dilation in humans, temporal changes in internal and common carotid shear rate and diameter, along with changes in middle cerebral artery velocity, were simultaneously assessed in 18 subjects at rest and during hypercapnia (6% carbon dioxide). Middle cerebral artery velocity increased significantly (69±10-103±17 cm/s; P<0.01) along with shear in both the internal (316±52-518±105 1/s; P<0.01) and common (188±40-275±61 1/s; P<0.01) carotids. Diameter also increased (P<0.01) in both carotid arteries (internal: +6.3±2.9%; common: +5.8±3.0%). Following hypercapnia onset, there was a significant delay between the onset of internal carotid shear (22±12 seconds) and diameter change (85±51 seconds). This time course is associated with shear-mediated dilation of larger conduit arteries in humans. There was a strong association between change in shear and diameter of the internal carotid (r=0.68; P<0.01). These data indicate, for the first time in humans, that shear stress is an important stimulus for hypercapnic vasodilation of the internal carotid artery. The combination of a hypercapnic stimulus and continuous noninvasive, high-resolution assessment of internal carotid shear and dilation may provide novel insights into the function and health of the clinically important extracranial arteries in humans.
The Hardware Simulator: A Tool for Evaluating Computer Systems (1977)

Software simulation is often used when evaluating computer systems. It may, however, be time consuming and expensive, especially when many runs with slightly differing parameters have to be done or when small changes in the model have to be performed frequently. In such situations, and when not too much detail and only small amounts of output data are required, the hardware simulator described in this paper may be an effective tool. The hardware simulator is an apparatus on which physical models of computer systems can be built. The main frame consists of a console, power supply, and many connectors in which standard modules can be plugged. Each standard module represents a special function, essential in a computer system. The model is constructed by connecting the modules in a specific way. In this paper the special functions and the standard modules which represent them are described. A description is given of a number of central modules with which input parameters can be represented and results of the simulation run can be displayed. As an illustration the implementation on the hardware simulator of a simple model is presented. Finally, the possible fields of application of the apparatus are indicated. A prototype of the hardware simulator has been built in the Department of Computer Engineering, Technological University of Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
ClpB is the Escherichia coli heat shock protein F84.1 (1991)

ClpB is thought to be involved in proteolysis because of its sequence similarity to the ClpA subunit of the ClpA-ClpP protease. It has recently been shown that ClpP is a heat shock protein. Here we show that ClpB is the Escherichia coli heat shock protein F84.1. The F84.1 protein was overproduced in strains containing the clpB gene on a plasmid and was absent from two-dimensional gels from a clpB null mutation. Besides possessing a slower growth rate at 44 degrees C, the null mutant strain had a higher rate of death at 50 degrees C. We used reverse transcription of in vivo mRNA to show that the clpB gene was expressed from a sigma 32-specific promoter consensus sequence at both 37 and 42 degrees C. We noted that the clpB+ gene also caused the appearance of a second protein spot, F68.5, on two-dimensional gels. This spot was approximately 147 amino acids smaller than F84.1 and most probably is the result of a second translational start on the clpB mRNA. F68.5 can be observed on many published two-dimensional gels of heat-induced E. coli proteins, but the original catalog of 17 heat shock proteins did not include this spot.
Topical Treatment of Vaccinia Virus Infection with an Interferon Inducer in Rabbits (1978)

Ointment containing 1.7 mg/g of the interferon inducer poly (ICLC) (a complex of polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid and with poly-L-lysine and carboxymethylcellulose) was effective both prophylactically and therapeutically against vaccinia virus infection in rabbit skin. Poly (ICLC)-treated animals developed higher titers of local interferon and of circulating virus-neutralizing antibodies than placebo-treated animals. Serum levels of greater than 100 units of interferon/ml were found 24 hr after application of the poly (ICLC) ointment to the skin of uninfected rabbits.
Inflammatory cell recruitment, distribution, and chemiluminescence response at IgG precoated- and thiol functionalized gold surfaces (1999)

The role of complement activation by artificial surfaces relative to inflammatory response is not well understood. This study was performed to evaluate the inflammatory cell recruitment, distribution, and ex vivo metabolic activation of surfaces with different plasma protein adsorption and complement activation properties in vitro. The implants were (1) pure gold (reference), (2) albumin-precoated (3) IgG-precoated gold, and (4) 3-mercapto-1, 2-propanediol [mercaptoglycerol (MG)] and (5) glutathione (GSH) immobilized to gold. The implant disks were inserted subcutaneously in rats for 24 h, and the number of inflammatory cells that were recruited to the implant adjacent to the surrounding fluid phase (exudate) and the surfaces were quantified by DNA measurements. The oxidative burst was analyzed ex vivo using spontaneous and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-stimulated, luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence (CL). The in vitro surface-induced anti-rat C3 binding was evaluated by ellipsometry and antibody techniques after plasma incubations for 1 and 30 min. The ellipsometric results showed that immobilized mercaptoglycerol and IgG-coated, but not the immobilized glutathione or the reference Au, bound anti-C3. The in vivo results revealed that the largest amount of cells was associated with the IgG-coated surfaces, followed by immobilized GSH and MG, albumin-coated, and gold surfaces, respectively. No spontaneous ex vivo luminol-enhanced CL was recorded from the cells irrespective of surface functionality or localization. A down-regulation of surface-associated and exudate leukocyte CL was observed ex vivo, irrespective of surface functionality. The results do not indicate a clear relationship between the degree of complement activation in vitro and leukocyte recruitment and adhesion in vivo for differently functionalized surfaces.
Environmental impact assessment - rehabilitation of specific Umeme - UEDCL electric distribution system components (2004)

Since most of the construction activities of the Fourth Power Project, a project to strengthen the Owen Falls dam and hydroelectric plant, are embedded in the concrete works of the generating units, there will be no negative environmental impacts such as mosquito breeding. The water hyacinth is currently under control and three trash booms have been installed. The environmental monitoring plan proposes to monitor the potential resurgence of the water hyacinth and will use mechanical harvesting when needed and monitors the quantity of surface water at points downstream, water content and quality, vegetation samples, the biology and ecology of the fish population, the stability of the shoreline, and silt removal from storm drains. Since this project will take over the temporary infrastructure used for construction under the Third Power Project (Report no. 9153), any negative environmental impacts due to demobilizing and re-mobilizing construction contractors to the site will be eliminated and the risks associated with construction and rehabilitation minimized. A de-commissioning plan will ensure safe removal of the temporary infrastructure and a return of the project area to its original state after construction activities end. An environmental audit will assess the extent of environmental liabilities and identify potential social impacts, propose appropriate costed remediation measures as well as effective arrangements for implementing the remediation plan.
Strategies for Mutational Analysis of the Large Multiexon ATM Gene Using High-Density Oligonucleotide Arrays (1998)

Mutational analysis of large genes with complex genomic structures plays an important role in medical genetics. Technical limitations associated with current mutation screening protocols have placed increased emphasis on the development of new technologies to simplify these procedures. High-density arrays of >90,000-oligonucleotide probes, 25 nucleotides in length, were designed to screen for all possible heterozygous germ-line mutations in the 9.17-kb coding region of the ATM gene. A strategy for rapidly developing multiexon PCR amplification protocols in DNA chip-based hybridization analysis was devised and implemented in preparing target for the 62 ATM coding exons. Improved algorithms for interpreting data from two-color experiments, where reference and test samples are cohybridized to the arrays, were developed. In a blinded study, 17 of 18 distinct heterozygous and 8 of 8 distinct homozygous sequence variants in the assayed region were detected accurately along with five false-positive calls while scanning >200 kb in 22 genomic DNA samples. Of eight heterozygous sequence changes found in more than one sample, six were detected in all cases. Five previously unreported sequence changes, not found by other mutational scanning methodologies on these same samples, were detected that led to either amino acid changes or premature truncation of the ATM protein. DNA chip-based assays should play a valuable role in high throughput sequence analysis of complex genes.
Antigenic Structure of Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Fusion Glycoprotein (1998)

New series of escape mutants of human respiratory syncytial virus were prepared with monoclonal antibodies specific for the fusion (F) protein. Sequence changes selected in the escape mutants identified two new antigenic sites (V and VI) recognized by neutralizing antibodies and a group-specific site (I) in the F1 chain of the F molecule. The new epitopes, and previously identified antigenic sites, were incorporated into a refined prediction of secondary-structure motifs to generate a detailed antigenic map of the F glycoprotein.
Interlaboratory Transfer of a Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay for Quantitative Detection of Genetically Modified Maize Event TC-1507 (2006)

A real-time polymerase chain reaction (QPCR) assay was developed for quantitative detection of a genetically modified (GM) maize event TC-1507 and modification to conventional PCR for qualitative purposes. Sequences 5'-flanking TC-1507 full-length insert were characterized and showed multiple rearrangements involving insert and maize chloroplast fragments. The event specificity of the TC-1507 assays was based on the detection of transgene and plant rearranged sequences found to 5' flank the insertion site. They were fully specific and exhibited a limit of detection below 10 target copies, allowing consistent detection of 0.1% GM levels. The QPCR was highly linear and efficient and proved adequate for quantification of GM contents, aiming at the fulfillment of legal requirements established in the European Union (i.e., compulsory labeling of TC-1507 levels >0.9%). It satisfactorily determined TC-1507 contents on different matrixes and was successfully transferred a different laboratory.
Small cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix: cytologic findings in 13 cases. (1998)

The routine cervical smear is a relatively insensitive and nonspecific method of detecting SMCC. The specific diagnosis of SMCC on cervical smears is difficult. SMCC can mimic inflammatory cells, follicular cervicitis, endometrial cells, endocervical adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma of small cell type, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and other unusual malignant neoplasms. The suspicion of SMCC on a cervical smear should prompt an urgent biopsy to establish the diagnosis and initiate prompt treatment.
Novel polymer electrolytes containing chemically crosslinked gelators for dye‐sensitized solar cells (2006)

Abstract Novel polymer electrolytes based on ionic liquid with no volatile solvents containing chemically crosslinked gelators were prepared for quasi‐solid dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSCs). The polymer electrolytes can keep over 90% of the ionic liquid electrolyte performance. The two constituents of the chemically crosslinked gelators, polypyridyl‐pendant dendritic derivatives and multifunctional halogen derivatives, respectively, are suitable for solidification of ionic liquid electrolytes in DSCs by in situ polymerization. The ionic conductivity and photoelectrochemical performances of different polymer electrolytes were evaluated and discussed. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Nucleosides. V. The Monomesylates of 1-(2'-Deoxy-β-D-lyxofuranosyl)thymine1,2 (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNucleosides. V. The Monomesylates of 1-(2'-Deoxy-β-D-lyxofuranosyl)thymine1,2Jerome P. Horwitz, Jonathan Chua, and Michael NoelCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1964, 29, 7, 2076–2078Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01030a546https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01030a546research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1438Altmetric-Citations300LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Herpes simplex virus glycoprotein D mediates interference with herpes simplex virus infection (1989)

We showed that the expression of a single protein, glycoprotein D (gD-1), specified by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) renders cells resistant to infection by HSV but not to infection by other viruses. Mouse (LMtk-) and human (HEp-2) cell lines containing the gene for gD-1 under control of the human metallothionein promoter II expressed various levels of gD-1 constitutively and could be induced to express higher levels with heavy metal ions. Radiolabeled viruses bound equally well to gD-1-expressing and control cell lines. Adsorbed viruses were unable to penetrate cells expressing sufficient levels of gD-1, based on lack of any cytopathic effects of the challenge virus and on failure to detect either the induction of viral protein synthesis or the shutoff of host protein synthesis normally mediated by a virion-associated factor. The resistance to HSV infection conferred by gD-1 expression was not absolute and depended on several variables, including the amount of gD-1 expressed, the dosage of the challenge virus, the serotype of the challenge virus, and the properties of the cells themselves. The interference activity of gD-1 is discussed in relation to the role of gD-1 in virion infectivity and its possible role in permitting escape of progeny HSV from infected cells.
Causes, consequences, and reversal of immune system aging (2013)

The effects of aging on the immune system are manifest at multiple levels that include reduced production of B and T cells in bone marrow and thymus and diminished function of mature lymphocytes in secondary lymphoid tissues. As a result, elderly individuals do not respond to immune challenge as robustly as the young. An important goal of aging research is to define the cellular changes that occur in the immune system and the molecular events that underlie them. Considerable progress has been made in this regard, and this information has provided the rationale for clinical trials to rejuvenate the aging immune system.
Insulin selectively increases SREBP-1c mRNA in the livers of rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes (1999)

Sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs) enhance transcription of genes encoding enzymes of cholesterol and fatty acid biosynthesis and uptake. In the current experiments, we observed a decline in the mRNA encoding one SREBP isoform, SREBP-1c, in the livers of rats that were rendered diabetic by treatment with streptozotocin. There was no change in the mRNA encoding SREBP-1a, which is derived from the same gene as SREBP-1c but uses a different promoter. The ratio of SREBP-1c:1a transcripts fell 25-fold from 5:1 in control rats to 0.2:1 in the diabetic animals. The SREBP-1c mRNA rose nearly to normal, and the 1c:1a ratio increased 17-fold when the diabetic rats were treated for 6 h with insulin. These treatments produced no change in the mRNA for SREBP-2, which is encoded by a separate gene. The SREBP-1c mRNA also fell selectively in freshly isolated rat hepatocytes and rose when the cells were treated with insulin. Considered together with recent data on hepatocytes [Foretz, M., Pacot, C., Dugal, I., et al. (1999) Mol. Cell. Biol. 19, 3760-3768], the current in vivo studies suggest that insulin may stimulate lipid synthesis in the liver by selectively inducing transcription of the SREBP-1c gene.
Pancreatic tumors: evaluation with endoscopic US, CT, and MR imaging. (1994)

Endoscopic US is more accurate than dynamic CT and MR imaging in the diagnosis of pancreatic tumor, particularly for tumors less than 3 cm in diameter.
Improved compaction of multilayer MMIC/MCM baluns using lumped element compensation (2002)

A novel lumped impedance matched type of Marchand balun in MMIC/MCM technology is described which is compact enough even for the low-GHz frequency range. Broadband performance and balance of this component are sufficient for the use in many wireless applications.
Configurator and CAD modeler : gathering the best of two worlds (2001)

International audience
Enantioselective Total Syntheses of the Cyclotryptamine Alkaloids Hodgkinsine and Hodgkinsine B (2003)

A late-stage resolution of the meso-3a,3a′-bispyrrolidinoindoline unit of rac-7 in a catalytic asymmetric transformation earmarks the remarkably short, ten-step, total syntheses of hodgkinsine and hodgkinsine B. The enantioselective total synthesis of hodgkinsine B establishes the relative and absolute configuration of this trispyrrolidinoindoline alkaloid.
1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-f]quinolines. II. Preparation and antimicrobial evaluation of 6-ethyl-6,9-dihydro-1(2)(3)-R-1(2) (3)H-triazolo [4,5-f]quinolin-9-one-8-carboxylic acids as anti-infectives of the urinary tract (1). (1989)

Some 4-ethyl-1(2)-R-1(2)H-4,7-dihydro-triazolo[4,5-h]-quinolin-7-one-6- carboxylic acids were prepared as novel analogues of oxolinic acid, in order to discover the influence of the annelation position of the triazole ring on the antimicrobial activity that, in some isomers triazolo[4,5-f]quinoline carboxylic acids, is selective against Escherichia coli. Some interesting side reactions in the cyclization of 1(2)-R-1(2)H-benzotriazol-4-yl-aminomethylenemalonate are also described. The biological results indicate that this type of annelation is not profitable for antimicrobial activity.