gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Platelet-activating factor (PAF) and PAF antagonists in asthma. (1990)

PAF is produced by and activates inflammatory cells, such as monocytes/macrophages, mast cells, platelets, neutrophils, eosinophils and endothelial cells. Its ability to imitate anaphylaxis, inducing for instance bronchoconstriction (BC) in guinea-pigs, and its identification (and/or that of lyso-PAF) in exudates from shocked lungs, led to the hypothesis that PAF is involved in immediate hypersensitivity. Recent results of Bachelet et al. show that PAF reduces the increased cyclic AMP content of guinea-pig alveolar cell population exposed to PGE2, salbutamol or isoprenaline, which agrees with its hypothesized stimulating role in conditions where increased cyclic AMP may reduce mediator release. PAF antagonists are usually selected with in vitro platelet tests and their in vivo activity is characterized in normal animals. Recent data of Pretolani et al. demonstrate nevertheless that the antagonists may lose part of their ability to inhibit PAF itself if tested on lungs from actively sensitized guinea-pigs. These lungs differ from those of passively sensitized or of naive animals in that they become hyper-responsive to mediators (PAF, leukotriene D4 [LTD4], histamine, arachidonate [AA]): BC and formation of thromboxane A2 are enhanced, and histamine is released dose-dependently under conditions where it is absent from perfusates from LTD4, AA or PAF-stimulated naive lungs. Peripheral inflammatory cells (basophils, eosinophils, monocytes) are possibly recruited into the lungs of the actively sensitized animals sometime during the second and/or third week of sensitization, and provide a new target which may account for the enhanced lung responsiveness. Ultra-structural studies of Lellouch-Tubiana et al. (abstract in this meeting) support this concept. Neither the primary target nor the chemotactic substance responsible for the reported modifications are identified, but recent data of Bachelet et al, showing that alveolar populations from actively sensitized guinea-pigs are less responsive to the cyclic AMP stimulating effects of PGE2, salbutamol or isoprenaline suggest the existence of a cell defect which may be important for the triggering of allergen-induced BC and cell recruitment. Our present concept involves a "pre-inflamed" lung in actively sensitized guinea-pigs and in human asthmatics, a stand-by process following sensitization and which is revealed following the activation of a target cell. This may be the alveolar macrophage which releases substances (PAF, TXA2, IL1) likely to start BC and protracted cell recruitment and activation.
A Short Tour (1999)

This section introduces the most important features of Mathematica, using simple examples.
Geometric diffusions as a tool for harmonic analysis and structure definition of data: Multiscale methods (2005)

In the companion article, a framework for structural multiscale geometric organization of subsets of R(n) and of graphs was introduced. Here, diffusion semigroups are used to generate multiscale analyses in order to organize and represent complex structures. We emphasize the multiscale nature of these problems and build scaling functions of Markov matrices (describing local transitions) that lead to macroscopic descriptions at different scales. The process of iterating or diffusing the Markov matrix is seen as a generalization of some aspects of the Newtonian paradigm, in which local infinitesimal transitions of a system lead to global macroscopic descriptions by integration. This article deals with the construction of fast-order N algorithms for data representation and for homogenization of heterogeneous structures.
Computational design of a Zn 2+ receptor that controls bacterial gene expression (2003)

The control of cellular physiology and gene expression in response to extracellular signals is a basic property of living systems. We have constructed a synthetic bacterial signal transduction pathway in which gene expression is controlled by extracellular Zn2+. In this system a computationally designed Zn2+-binding periplasmic receptor senses the extracellular solute and triggers a two-component signal transduction pathway via a chimeric transmembrane protein, resulting in transcriptional up-regulation of a beta-galactosidase reporter gene. The Zn2+-binding site in the designed receptor is based on a four-coordinate, tetrahedral primary coordination sphere consisting of histidines and glutamates. In addition, mutations were introduced in a secondary coordination sphere to satisfy the residual hydrogen-bonding potential of the histidines coordinated to the metal. The importance of the secondary shell interactions is demonstrated by their effect on metal affinity and selectivity, as well as protein stability. Three designed protein sequences, comprising two distinct metal-binding positions, were all shown to bind Zn2+ and to function in the cell-based assay, indicating the generality of the design methodology. These experiments demonstrate that biological systems can be manipulated with computationally designed proteins that have drastically altered ligand-binding specificities, thereby extending the repertoire of genetic control by extracellular signals.
Broadband backhaul communication for stratospheric platforms: the stratospheric optical payload experiment (STROPEX) (2006)

A high bitrate optical downlink was performed by the stratospheric optical payload experiment (STROPEX), a part of the EU CAPANINA project. The STROPEX objectives were to design and build the necessary hardware to demonstrate an optical backhaul downlink from a stratospheric platform to the ground and to carry out channel measurements on the link. A successful measurement campaign at ESRANGE near Kiruna, Sweden achieved all of these objectives. The transportable optical ground station received an almost error free 1.25 Gbit/s data signal from the payload over a distance of 64.3 km with a bit error rate of better than 10<sup>-9</sup>. This paper gives an overview of the stratospheric optical payload experiment, focusing on the airborne free-space experimental laser terminal (FELT). Additionally, the successful measurement campaign is described and the operation of the experiment is outlined.
Synthesis and properties of pinanediol .alpha.-amido boronic esters (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and properties of pinanediol .alpha.-amido boronic estersDonald S. Matteson, Pradipta K. Jesthi, and Kizhakethil M. SadhuCite this: Organometallics 1984, 3, 8, 1284–1288Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00086a024https://doi.org/10.1021/om00086a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1583Altmetric-Citations76LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The FhuA protein is involved in microcin 25 uptake (1993)

A chromosomal Tn5 insertion resulting in complete resistance to the peptide antibiotic microcin 25 was mapped to the min 4 region of the Escherichia coli genetic map. Additional experiments showed that the insertion disrupted the fhuA gene, which encodes the multifunctional outer membrane receptor for ferrichrome, the antibiotic albomycin, colicin M, and bacteriophages T5, T1, and phi 80. Thus, microcin 25 and all of these agents share the same receptor.
Single-molecule nanopore enzymology (2017)

Biological nanopores are a class of membrane proteins that open nanoscale water conduits in biological membranes. When they are reconstituted in artificial membranes and a bias voltage is applied across the membrane, the ionic current passing through individual nanopores can be used to monitor chemical reactions, to recognize individual molecules and, of most interest, to sequence DNA. In addition, a more recent nanopore application is the analysis of single proteins and enzymes. Monitoring enzymatic reactions with nanopores, i.e. nanopore enzymology, has the unique advantage that it allows long-timescale observations of native proteins at the single-molecule level. Here, we describe the approaches and challenges in nanopore enzymology.This article is part of the themed issue 'Membrane pores: from structure and assembly, to medicine and technology'.
Novel Triamcinolone Acetonide-Loaded Liposomes Topical Formulation for the Treatment of Cystoid Macular Edema After Cataract Surgery: A Pilot Study (2019)

TA-LF was well tolerated and improved BCVA and CFT on patients with refractory PCME.
MECHANISMS OF 1,2‐DIOXETANE DECOMPOSITION: THE ROLE OF ELECTRON TRANSFER (1979)

Abstract— The chemiluminescence from the cleavage of a number of 1,6‐diaryl‐2,5,7,8‐tetraoxabicyclo[4.2.0]octanes 1 has been examined. The ease of oxidation of (object) the aryl moiety strongly influences both the stability and chemiluminescence efficiency of these 1,2‐dioxetanes. When Ar is difficult to oxidize, 1 is comparable in stability to simple. alkyl‐substituted 1,2‐dioxe‐tanes and affords triplet excited states in moderate yield. Both biradical and concerted cleavage mechanisms have been suggested to explain this behavior. However, when Ar is a readily oxidized group, 1 is substantially destahilized and gives excited singlet states in high yield. In this instance 1 is analogous to a number of bioluminescent systems. Cleavage mechanisms involving intramolecular electron transfer are proposed to account for this observation. In certain cases thermolysis of 1 occurs by both types of mechanism in competition, and the electron transfer mechanism may be selectively catalyzed by polar, protic media.
A New Hope for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (2014)

I suspect that many of my patients have picked up on more than a hint of frustration in my voice when I tell them that the cause of their shortness of breath is idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. This frustration stems from the fact that beyond providing information about prognosis or referral for lung transplantation or palliation, there has been little to offer in the way of treatment. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic, progressive disorder of lung scarring that predominantly affects older patients and has a death rate worse than that of many cancers (3-year survival, 50%).1 However, in contrast to . . .
The adaptation of the blood‐brain barrier to vascular endothelial growth factor and placental growth factor during pregnancy (2011)

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and placental growth factor (PLGF) are increased in the maternal circulation during pregnancy. These factors may increase blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, yet brain edema does not normally occur during pregnancy. We therefore hypothesized that in pregnancy, the BBB adapts to high levels of these permeability factors. We investigated the influence of pregnancy-related circulating factors on VEGF-induced BBB permeability by perfusing cerebral veins with plasma from nonpregnant (NP) or late-pregnant (LP) rats (n=6/group) and measuring permeability in response to VEGF. The effect of VEGF, PLGF, and VEGF-receptor (VEGFR) activation on BBB permeability was also determined. Results showed that VEGF significantly increased permeability (×10(7) μm(3)/min) from 9.7 ± 3.5 to 21.0 ± 1.5 (P<0.05) in NP veins exposed to NP plasma, that was prevented when LP veins were exposed to LP plasma; (9.7±3.8; P>0.05). Both LP plasma and soluble FMS-like tyrosine-kinase 1 (sFlt1) in NP plasma abolished VEGF-induced BBB permeability in NP veins (9.5±2.9 and 12±2.6; P>0.05). PLGF significantly increased BBB permeability in NP plasma (18±1.4; P<0.05), and required only VEGFR1 activation, whereas VEGF-induced BBB permeability required both VEGFR1 and VEGFR2. Our findings suggest that VEGF and PLGF enhance BBB permeability through different VEGFR pathways and that circulating sFlt1 prevents VEGF- and PLGF-induced BBB permeability during pregnancy.
Development of WT1 Peptide Cancer Vaccine Against Hematopoietic Malignancies and Solid Cancers (2006)

Wild-type Wilms tumor gene WT1 is highly expressed not only in hematopoietic malignancies, including leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), but also in various kinds of solid tumors. Human cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) which could specifically lyse WT1-expressing tumor cells with HLA class I restriction were generated in vitro. We have also demonstrated that mice immunized with the WT1 peptide or WT1 cDNA rejected challenges by WT1-expressing tumor cells and survived with no signs of auto-aggression to normal organs which physiologically expressed WT1 in prophylactic and therapeutic models. Furthermore, we and others detected IgM and IgG WT1 antibodies in the patients with hematopoietic malignancies, indicating that WT1 protein was highly immunogenic, and that immunoglobulin class-switch-inducing WT1- specific cellular immune responses were elicited in the patients. CD8+ WT1-specific CTLs were also detected in peripheral blood or tumor-draining lymph nodes of cancer patients. These results provided us with the rationale for elicitation of CTL responses targeting the WT1 product for cancer immunotherapy. On the basis of the findings mentioned above, we performed a phase I clinical trial of WT1 peptide cancer vaccine for the patients with malignant neoplasms. These results strongly suggested that WT1 peptide cancer vaccine had efficacy in the clinical setting, because clinical responses, including reduction of leukemic blast cells or regression of tumor masses, were observed after the WT1 vaccination in patients with hematopoietic malignancies or solid cancers. The power of TAA-derived cancer vaccine may be enhanced by combination with stronger adjuvants, helper peptide, or conventional treatments such as molecular-target-based drugs. Keywords: vaccine, immunotherapy, leukemia, cancer, WT1
Amylin secretion from the rat pancreas and its selective loss after streptozotocin treatment. (1990)

Amylin, a peptide copackaged with insulin in beta-cell granules, was measured in the effluent of the perfused rat pancreases by means of a newly developed specific radioimmunoassay. Its secretion parallels that of insulin in response to 20 mM glucose, 10 mM arginine, or the combination thereof. The relative molar amount of secreted amylin was estimated to be 25-37% that of insulin. Treatment with a borderline diabetogenic dose of streptozotocin reduced amylin response without significantly changing the insulin response. A severely diabetogenic dose of streptozotocin totally abolished amylin release and markedly reduced insulin release. The selective impairment of amylin secretion in streptozotocin-treated rats could represent an early manifestation of beta-cell depletion or injury.
Optimum conditions for labeling of DTPA-coupled antibodies with technetium-99m. (1985)

The covalent attachment of strong chelating groups such as DTPA to IgG antibodies may simplify the labeling of these proteins with 99mTc and may improve the stability of the label. Accordingly, we have investigated the labeling of DTPA-coupled antibodies by determining the effect of DTPA:tin molar ratio, pH, and DTPA concentration. We have determined that the optimum conditions are a molar ratio of 1:1.5, a pH of 4, a DTPA concentration as high as possible, and an antibody concentration as low as possible. Using these conditions, a DTPA-coupled antibody was labeled with 99mTc and its stability in 37 degrees C serum compared with that of the uncoupled antibody labeled in the identical fashion. High performance liquid chromatographic analysis of the incubates showed that the coupled antibody lost its label slowly compared to the uncoupled antibody. Both labeled antibodies were also administered to normal mice along with 111In-labeled coupled antibody as a further control. Biodistribution results obtained at 1 hr and 20 hr confirm the increased stability of the label in the case of the coupled antibody and provide evidence for redistribution of the 99mTc following catabolism at sites of localization. To obtain the above results, however, it was necessary to attach an average of two to five DTPA groups per antibody molecule. Furthermore, it was not possible to reduce to negligible levels nonspecific binding of 99mTc to the antibody.
Characterization of microstrip patch antennas suspended by a dielectric superstrate with high permittivity (2002)

The impedance and radiation characteristics of a coaxially-fed microstrip patch antenna suspended by a dielectric superstrate with high permittivity are extensively studied based on the spectral-domain moment method. As for the case of a dielectric superstrate (/spl epsiv//sub r/=10.5) with 7 types of thicknesses, the complicated variation of its characteristic such as the resonant frequency, the excitation efficiency of radiation fields and surface-wave fields, the input impedance and the radiation pattern, with intervals of the air-layer, are theoretically demonstrated, while some fundamental experiments on the resonant frequency and the return loss are performed to confirm the predicted results.
A vital role for glycosphingolipid synthesis during development and differentiation (1999)

Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) are believed to be integral for the dynamics of many cell membrane events, including cellular interactions, signaling, and trafficking. We have investigated their roles in development and differentiation by eliminating the major synthesis pathway of GSLs through targeted disruption of the Ugcg gene encoding glucosylceramide synthase. In the absence of GSL synthesis, embryogenesis proceeded well into gastrulation with differentiation into primitive germ layers and patterning of the embryo but was abruptly halted by a major apoptotic process. In vivo, embryonic stem cells deficient in GSL synthesis were again able to differentiate into endodermal, mesodermal, and ectodermal derivatives but were strikingly deficient in their ability to form well differentiated tissues. In vitro, however, hematopoietic and neuronal differentiation could be induced. The results demonstrate that the synthesis of GSL structures is essential for embryonic development and for the differentiation of some tissues and support the concept that GSLs are involved in crucial cell interactions mediating these processes.
n-Type Transparent Conducting Films of Small Molecule and Polymer Amine Doped Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (2011)

In this report, we investigate the electrical and optical properties of thin conducting films of SWNTs after treatment with small molecule and polymeric amines. Among those tested, we find hydrazine to be the most effective n-type dopant. We use absorbance, Raman, X-ray photoelectron, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies on thin conducting films and opaque buckypapers treated with hydrazine to study fundamental properties and spectroscopic signatures of n-type SWNTs and compare them to SWNTs treated with nitric acid, a well-characterized p-type dopant. We find that hydrazine physisorbs to the surface of semiconducting and metallic SWNTs and injects large electron concentrations, raising the Fermi level as much as 0.7 eV above that of intrinsic SWNTs. Hydrazine-treated transparent SWNT films display sheet resistances nearly as low as p-type nitric-acid-treated films at similar optical transmittances, demonstrating their potential for use in photovoltaic devices as low work function transparent electron-collecting electrodes.
Meige's Syndrome during Long‐Term Neuroleptic Treatment (1989)

Two patients developed difficulties in eyelid opening following long-term neuroleptic treatment of more than 6-8 years. Tardive dyskinesia and dystonia apart from the face were not found in either case. The symptoms fluctuated in their severities on a daily basis and were easily aggravated by various stimuli, e.g., stress, walking, reading and watching television. Electromyographic studies of their faces clearly indicated that the symptoms resulted from spontaneous blepharospasm and were analogous to idiopathic Meige's syndrome. Therefore, the patients' difficulties in opening their eyes were considered to be the so-called drug-induced Meige's syndrome and/or facial tardive dystonia. It must be stressed that this syndrome is extremely distressing to patients and is a severe complication accompanying a long-term neuroleptic treatment.
Non‐Cartesian balanced steady‐state free precession pulse sequences for real‐time cardiac MRI (2015)

In this study, a new spiral-in/out bSSFP sequence was developed and tested. The superiority of spiral bSSFP sequences over the radial bSSFP sequence in terms of SNR and reduced artifacts was demonstrated in real-time MRI of cardiac function without image acceleration.
Intramolecularly Dinuclear Magnesium Complex Catalyzed Copolymerization of Cyclohexene Oxide with CO2 under Ambient CO2 Pressure:  Kinetics and Mechanism (2005)

The intramolecularly dinuclear magnesium complexes generated in situ from the reaction of multidentate semi-azacrown ether ligands with n-Bu2Mg followed by treatment with alcohol additive were found to be efficient catalysts for the copolymerization of CO2 and cyclohexene oxide (CHO), affording the completely alternating poly(cyclohexene carbonate) (PCHC) under extremely mild conditions (1 atm pressure of CO2, temperatures ranging from 20 to 60 °C). Ligand substituent effects were observed to dramatically influence both the activity and the chemoselectivity of the catalysis, exemplifying the fine-tunability of this type of ligands. With regard to the mechanistic studies, end-group analysis of the copolymer by MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopy revealed the predominance of the butoxy-initiated CO2/CHO copolymerization process. The butoxy-containing catalytically active species in the present system was proposed to possess a dinuclear structure similar to an isolated model Mg complex which was characterized by X-ray crystal structural analysis. Rate studies performed on the copolymerization using the in situ prepared catalyst (molar ratio of 5a:n-Bu2Mg:n-BuOH = 1:2:0.4) at 60 °C demonstrate a zero-order dependence on CO2 pressure and approximately first-order dependence on CHO and the catalyst concentration. Furthermore, the relative propensity of polycarbonate vs cyclic carbonate formation in the present system was evaluated by a comparative kinetic study of the temperature effect using the in situ IR technique. On the basis of these findings, a plausible bimetallic mechanism was tentatively proposed for the present reaction system.