gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A cooperative approach to vision-based vehicle detection (2002)

In this paper two different vision based systems for vehicle detection are described and their integration discussed. The first approach is based on the use of a specific model for vehicles and mostly relies on monocular vision. Conversely, the second system is based on the use of stereo vision and allows to refine the coarse results obtained by the former. A preliminary integration of the two systems has been tested on the ARGO experimental vehicle and some remarks about reliability and robustness are also included.
Induction of protective immunity in a syrian hamster model against a cytopathogenic strain of andes virus (2011)

Andes virus (ANDV) is responsible for the Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome cases in Argentina and neighboring countries, with moderate to high case-fatality rates. ANDV has some particular features, which make it unique among other members of the Hantavirus genus such as person-to-person transmission and causing a disease similar to Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome in the hamster as an animal model. The kinetics of replication in Vero E6 cells of an ANDV strain isolated in Argentina, called Andes/ARG, was studied. Cytopathic effect and the formation of clear plaques were observed and therefore Andes/ARG could be quantified by classic plaque assay. The Andes/ARG strain was found to be highly lethal in Syrian hamsters allowing experiments to demonstrate the protective potential of vaccines. A recombinant nucleocapsid protein of ANDV induced a long lasting antibody response and protective immunity against a homologous challenge, but to a lower extent against heterologous challenge by the Seoul virus.
Domain administrators guide (1987)

Domains are adminstrative entities that provide decentralized management of host naming and addressing. The domain-naming system is distributed and hierarchical.
The Sendai Virus Matrix Protein Appears to be Recruited in the Cytoplasm by the Viral Nucleocapsid to function in Viral Assembly and Budding (1994)

The matrix (M) protein is viewed as the regulator of paramyxovirus particle assembly and budding. Accordingly it was observed to be mutated, and/or decreased in amount, in cases where virus particle production was significantly reduced. Here, a non-productive [non-defective and defective interfering (DI)] Sendai virus infection of COS cells is presented where virus particle production is abolished in the presence of a normal amount of intracellular M protein. In this infection the haemagglutinin-neuraminidase envelope glycoprotein is shown to be dispensable for virion production, and the fusion (F0) envelope glycoprotein behaves as in a productive infection. The M protein is shown to accumulate in perinuclear patches within the cytoplasm. In contrast, localization in the plasma membrane is observed in productive infections. However in both productive and non-productive infections a significant fraction of M protein is found in association with cellular membranes. The M protein-membrane association is shown to take place in the absence of any other viral component, and the M protein-membrane complex exhibits properties similar to those observed for the integral membrane protein F0. However these properties are distinct from those of the phosphoprotein, which is thought to associate with membranes in a non-specific manner. Concomitant with the cytoplasmic accumulation of M protein and the reduction of virus particle production in this non-productive infection, DI nucleocapsids are shown not to associate with cellular membrane fractions. This is a property which coincides with their poor envelopment in virus particles. Taken together, these data indicate the need for M protein to be recruited at the perinuclear membranes by the nucleocapsids to participate in viral assembly and budding. This view is consistent with a process of viral assembly taking place on internal cytoplasmic membranes rather than at the plasma membrane.
High level HPV‐16 E7 oncoprotein expression correlates with reduced pRb‐levels in cervical biopsies (2004)

High-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are major etiological agents of cervical cancer. Despite excellent epidemiological evidence for a direct role of HPV-16 in cervical carcinogenesis, molecular pathways underlying carcinogenesis in vivo remain obscure. The E7 gene is required for immortalization and maintenance of the transformed phenotype in vitro; however, little is known about its role for tumorigenesis in vivo. The E7 gene codes for an unstable protein the abundance of which in cervical biopsies is unknown. We show here that E7 protein levels strongly increase during cervical carcinogenesis, underlining its fundamental role in cervical cancer. The E7 protein was found predominantly in the nucleus and to a minor extent in the cytoplasm in the cervical cancer cell line Ca Ski in vitro and in invasive cervical carcinoma in situ, suggesting that nuclear resident E7 plays a major role in cervical carcinogenesis in humans. The retinoblastoma protein (pRb) is a major E7-target in vitro. We show here that pRb expression is initially upregulated in LSIL and disappears in later stages concomitant with increased E7 levels, suggesting that E7-driven degradation of pRb is involved in cervical tumorigenesis in humans.
A new class of amperometric biosensor incorporating a polymeric electron-transfer mediator (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA new class of amperometric biosensor incorporating a polymeric electron-transfer mediatorPaul D. Hale, Toru Inagaki, Hiroko I. Karan, Yoshi Okamoto, and Terje A. SkotheimCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 9, 3482–3484Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1989https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00191a084RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views640Altmetric-Citations203LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (384 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Nucleophilic Displacement Reactions at Benzyl Halide Self-Assembled Monolayer Film Surfaces (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNucleophilic Displacement Reactions at Benzyl Halide Self-Assembled Monolayer Film SurfacesTimothy S. Koloski, Charles S. Dulcey, Quillian J. Haralson, and Jeffrey M. CalvertCite this: Langmuir 1994, 10, 9, 3122–3133Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00021a041https://doi.org/10.1021/la00021a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views299Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Retrovirus-mediated gene transfer of rat glutathione S-transferase Yc confers alkylating drug resistance in NIH 3T3 mouse fibroblasts. (1994)

A major limitation to successful cancer treatment is the existence of drug resistance. While several mechanisms of drug resistance have now been well characterized, mechanisms of resistance to alkylating drugs have remained less well defined. Several experimental models of alkylator resistance have implicated isoforms of glutathione S-transferase (GST) but transfection experiments using cloned isoforms of GST have yielded conflicting results. While there are several plausible explanations for these apparently contradictory findings, the issue that clonal variability might potentially confound the results of conventional transfection experiments has been raised. To address this issue properly, we have studied rat GST-Yc expression and drug sensitivity to alkylating drugs in populations of mouse NIH 3T3 fibroblasts following either transfection or transduction with an N2-based retrovirus vector. In comparison with cells treated with an antisense vector, Yc-transfected and Yc-transduced populations of NIH 3T3 cells expressed increased levels of GST-Yc mRNA (Northern blot), increased levels of immunodetectable GST-Yc (Western blot), and, respectively, 1.4- and 1.9-fold increases in total GST activity and 6.1- and 8.3-fold increases in glutathione peroxidase activity (associated with the Yc subunit). Yc-transfected and Yc-transduced cell populations were, respectively, 5.8- (P < 0.001) and 2.4-fold (P < 0.05) resistant to chlorambucil and 10.8- (P < 0.01) and 5.4-fold (P < 0.001) resistant to mechlorethamine. The range of resistance of clonal isolates from either population was 1.8-6.0-fold for chlorambucil and 4.6-6.1-fold for mechlorethamine (P < 0.05). In contrast, these cells showed unaltered sensitivity to the antimetabolite methotrexate, a nonalkylating drug. These results clearly demonstrate that the rat GTS-Yc is able to confer alkylating drug resistance in mouse fibroblasts. The ability to confer alkylating drug resistance following retrovirus-mediated gene transfer also raises the possibility of using GST-Yc somatic gene transfer to confer protection to the hematopoietic system in a gene therapy strategy applicable to cancer.
Progress of antibody-based inhibitors of the HGF–cMET axis in cancer therapy (2017)

Dysregulated receptor tyrosine kinase signaling in human cancer cells leads to tumor progression, invasion and metastasis. The receptor tyrosine kinase cMET is frequently overexpressed in cancer tissue, and activation of cMET signaling is related to drug resistance and the processes of carcinogenesis, invasion and metastasis. For that reason, cMET and its ligand, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), are considered prime targets for the development of anticancer drugs. At least eight anti-cMET and four anti-HGF antibodies have been tested or are being tested in clinical trials. However, to date none of these HGF/cMET inhibitors have shown significant efficacy in clinical trials. Furthermore, no receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors primarily targeting cMET have been approved. Given that neutralization of HGF or cMET does not cause significant adverse effects, inhibition of the HGF/cMET signaling pathway appears to be safe. In this review, we summarized the completed and ongoing clinical trials testing antibody- or protein-based anticancer drugs targeting cMET and HGF.
Rim phase-shift mask combined with off-axis illumination: a path to 0.5(lambda)/numerical aperture geometries (1993)

Phase-shift mask (PSM) approaches can be classified as either strong or weak. Weak PSM approaches, which are attractive because of their universal applicability to any pattern, are addressed. A simple design algorithm for rim PSM, called biased rim design (BiRD), is described. When used with normal stepper illumination (σ=0.5), the modest benefits of rim PSMs are of questionable value in many cases. However, theoretical considerations show a synergy of weak PSM cornbined with off-axis illumination. One specific combination, termed BiRD/QUEST, is explored through a series of simulations. These results suggest that a properly biased weak PSM with appropriate illumination will allow robust manufacturing of 0.5λ/NA lithographic patterns.
The THISL SDR system at TREC-8 (1999)

This paper describes the participation of the THISL group at the TREC-8 Spoken Document Retrieval (SDR) track. The THISL SDR system consists of the realtime version of the ABBOT large vocabulary speech recognition system and the THISLIR text retrieval system. The TREC-8 evaluation assessed SDR performance on a corpus of 500 hours of broadcast news material collected over a five month period. The main test condition involved retrieval of stories defined by manual segmentation of the corpus in which non-news material, such as commercials, were excluded. An optional test condition required required retrieval of the same stories from the unsegmented audio stream. The THISL SDR system participated at both test conditions. The results show that a system such as THISL can produce respectable information retrieval performance on a realistically-sized corpus of unsegmented audio material.
Learning to Transfer Initializations for Bayesian Hyperparameter Optimization. (2017)

Hyperparameter optimization undergoes extensive evaluations of validation errors in order to find the best configuration of hyperparameters. Bayesian optimization is now popular for hyperparameter optimization, since it reduces the number of validation error evaluations required. Suppose that we are given a collection of datasets on which hyperparameters are already tuned by either humans with domain expertise or extensive trials of cross-validation. When a model is applied to a new dataset, it is desirable to let Bayesian hyperparameter optimzation start from configurations that were successful on similar datasets. To this end, we construct a Siamese network with convolutional layers followed by bi-directional LSTM layers, to learn {\em meta-features} over datasets. Learned meta-features are used to select a few datasets that are similar to the new dataset, so that a set of configurations in similar datasets is adopted as initializations for Bayesian hyperparameter optimization. Experiments on image datasets demonstrate that our learned meta-features are useful in optimizing several hyperparameters in deep residual networks for image classification.
Structures of novel sialylated O-linked oligosaccharides isolated from human erythrocyte glycophorins. (1987)

The O-linked oligosaccharides attached to human erythrocyte glycophorins were extensively characterized. In addition to the previously described disialylated tetrasaccharide, NeuNAc alpha 2----3Gal beta 1----3 (Neu-NAc alpha 2----6)GalNAcOH and monosialylated trisaccharide, NeuNAc alpha 2----3Gal beta 1----3GalNAcOH, novel trisialylated oligosaccharides were isolated. Methylation analysis, fast atom bombardment-mass spectrometry, and enzymatic degradation were used to elucidate the following novel structures: formula; see text: These results suggest that O-linked oligosaccharides with a disialosyl group, NeuNAc alpha 2----8NeuNAc alpha 2----, may be present in various tissues.
Treatment Options for Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma (2011)

Treatment options for patients with relapsed myeloma have benefited from the development of new targeted agents. The use of bortezomib, thalidomide, and lenalidomide have dramatically changed outcomes for patients with relapsed myeloma. New agents are also in development, on the basis of preclinical rationale, as well as combinations of conventional and novel agents. Together each of these treatment approaches are being tested in phase I, II, and III clinical trials, with the goal of prolonged duration of remission and, ultimately, improved overall survival.
Fibrinogen Milano II: A Congenital Dysfibrinogenaemia Associated with Juvenile Arterial and Venous Thrombosis (1986)

A congenitally abnormal fibrinogen was isolated from blood of a young man with deep-vein thrombosis. Two other affected members of his family had three episodes of severe arterial thrombosis. The fibrinogen showed a delayed clotting by thrombin, but a normal clotting by Arvin, Reptilase, and prothrombin-staphylocoagulase complex. Analysis of the fibrinopeptides A and B by High Performance Liquid Chromatography did not reveal an abnormal peptide structure. The rate of release of A and B peptides by thrombin was strongly delayed, whereas the rate of release of fibrinopeptide A by Arvin appeared to be normal. The fibrin polymerization rate was normal. Interactions between the abnormal fibrinogen, platelets and the fibrinolytic system were also normal. Evidence is presented that the defective interaction between fibrinogen Milano II and thrombin is associated with a defective binding of thrombin to the fibrin moiety of the abnormal fibrinogen.
Genetic assembly and selective toxicity of diphtheria-toxin-related polypeptide hormone fusion proteins. (1987)

The reports of Miyanohara et al. (1986) and Murphy et al. (1986) were the first to describe the genetic construction, expression, and receptor-specific selective toxicity of a chimaeric toxin. In the present report, we have extended these earlier observations and have shown that the fusion of a modified gene encoding IL-2 to a truncated diphtheria toxin gene also results in the expression of a biologically active chimaeric IL-2 toxin. In both instances we have used receptor-binding-domain substitution and have genetically coupled those portions of the diphtheria toxin structural gene that encode the ADP-ribosyl transferase activity of fragment A and lipid-associating domains of fragment B to modified genes which encode either the polypeptide hormone alpha-MSH or the T-cell growth factor IL-2. The chimaeric toxins expressed from these gene fusions have been shown to be selectively targeted to those eukaryotic cells that carry specific surface receptors for the ligand compounds of the hybrid. For example, in the case of the IL-2 toxin, it is clear that the selective action of this hybrid protein is based upon both its diphtheria-toxin and IL-2-related components. Following binding to the IL-2R on activated and/or malignant T-cell, IL-2 toxin is internalized by receptor-mediated endocytosis. Upon acidification of the endosome, diphtheria toxin fragment B portions of the chimaeric toxin facilitate the delivery of fragment A to the cytosol where it catalyses the ADP ribosylation of EF-2. The assembly of chimaeric toxins at the level of the gene offers several advantages over chemical linkage. Since chemical linkage of the toxophore and ligand components of the conjugate toxins requires activation of the epsilon-amino moiety of lysine residues with reagents that will allow for subsequent disulphide linkage, the precise site of coupling is generally not known. In addition, there has been considerable concern over the lability of the disulphide bond between the toxophore and ligand components in vivo due to the action of disulphide reductases. The assembly of chimaeric toxins at the level of the gene allows for precise linkage of the toxophore and ligand components. Since the linkage between the toxophore and ligand is a peptide bond, the chimaeric toxin should be stable in vivo. In addition, the genetic construction of chimaeric toxins also allows for further protein engineering through site-directed mutagenesis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Biochemical characterization of murine glycosylation-inhibiting factor. (1991)

The glycosylation-inhibiting factor (GIF) was isolated from serum-free culture supernatants of the murine T-cell hybridoma, 231F1 cells, by using an immunosorbent coupled with the monoclonal anti-lipomodulin antibody. The isolated lymphokine is a 14-kDa protein with a pI of 5.5, as determined by SDS/PAGE and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Fractionation of a mixture of radiolabeled GIF with culture supernatant of the 231F1 cells on ion-exchange and reverse-phase columns and by gel filtration demonstrated homogeneity of the 14-kDa GIF and confirmed that the bioactivity of GIF and the antigenic determinant recognized by the monoclonal anti-GIF antibody are associated with the 14-kDa protein. The 125I-labeled 14-kDa protein binds to the murine T-cell hybridoma 12H5 cells, which have been used for bioassay of GIF, and the murine B-cell line A20.3 cells, but the binding of the protein to resting murine splenic lymphocytes was barely detectable. Under the same experimental conditions, binding of the 125I-labeled recombinant human lipocortin I to the 12H5 cells was not detectable. In contrast, the 125I-labeled lipocortin, but not the 14-kDa GIF, bound to phosphatidylserine vesicles. The results indicate that GIF does not belong to the anexin family.
Small Intestinal Submucosa (SIS): A Biomaterial Conducive to Smart Tissue Remodeling (1993)

Tissue Engineering has been defined as “the application of the principles and methods of engineering and life sciences toward the fundamental understanding of structure-function relationships in normal and pathological mammalian tissues, and the development of biological substitutes to restore tissues” (Skalak and Fox, 1988). This discipline involves structure-function relationships at the molecular, intracellular, intercellular, tissue and whole organ levels and attempts to bridge the gap between studies at the cell level and those at the tissue-organ level (Heineken and Skalak, 1991). The studies described below were targeted at the whole tissue response and somewhat less at the individual cell level. This manuscript describes the findings from a series of in-vivo studies in which a novel biomaterial derived from the small intestinal submucosa contributed to the remodeling of a variety of tissues. A definitive explanation for the results of these studies is not possible with our current understanding of the regulation of tis sue remodeling; however, speculation for some of the structure-function observations is presented. This material was presented at the Tissue Engineering Symposium in Keystone, Colorado in April, 1992.