gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Super-resolution through Error Energy Reduction (1974)

A new view of the problem of continuing a given segment of the spectrum of a finite object is presented. Based on this, the problem is restated in terms of reducing a defined ‘error energy’ which is implicit in the truncated spectrum. A computational procedure, which is readily implemented on general purpose computers, is devised which must reduce this error. It is demonstrated that by so doing, resolution well beyond the diffraction limit is attained. The procedure is shown to be very effective against noisy data.
Vision enhancement system for detection of oral cavity neoplasia based on autofluorescence (2004)

Oral cavity autofluorescence can be easily viewed by the human eye in real time. Visual examination of autofluorescence enhances perceived contrast between normal and neoplastic oral mucosa in fresh tissue resections.
Treatment of Migraine Attacks with Subcutaneous Sumatriptan: First Placebo-Controlled Study (1992)

The results of the very first large-scale placebo-controlled dose-response trial with the novel selective 5-hydroxytryptamine1-like (5HT1-like) receptor agonist sumatriptan are presented. We studied the efficacy and tolerability of subcutaneous injections of 1 mg, 2 mg and 3 mg of sumatriptan in alleviating migraine attacks in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multicentre clinical trial. Six-hundred and ninety patients were randomized and 685 received study medication. At 30 min, reduction of headache severity to mild or none (primary efficacy endpoint) was achieved in 22% (95% CI: 15-28%) of placebo-treated patients and in 39% (CI: 31-46%) of patients treated with 1 mg sumatriptan, 44% (CI: 36-51%) treated with 2 mg sumatriptan and 55% (CI: 48-63%) treated with 3 mg sumatriptan. Differences from placebo were 17% (CI: 8-27%) for 1 mg sumatriptan, 22% (CI: 13-32%) for 2 mg sumatriptan and 34% (CI: 24-44%) for 3 mg sumatriptan (p < 0.001 for all three comparisons). Other migraine symptoms were also more effectively treated by sumatriptan than by placebo. Subsequently, an open-label 3 mg dose subcutaneous sumatriptan was given to partial or non-responders. Thirty minutes after this open dose the response rate to sumatriptan had improved to between 70 and 80%. Adverse events after sumatriptan were minor and short-lived. We conclude that subcutaneous sumatriptan is well tolerated in doses up to 3 + 3 mg and may rapidly abort migraine attacks.
Chlorambucil vs. combined chlorambucil-corticosteroid therapy in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (1973)

Eleven patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia were treated with chlorambucil alone and 15 patients received combined chlorambucil-prednisone therapy in a double-blind study. Mean age, duration of disease, physical findings, and hematologic data in the two groups were essentially comparable. Complete remission was observed in 3 and partial remission in 10 of the patients in the chlorambucil-prednisone treated group; but only one of the patients obtained complete and four showed partial remission with chlorambucil alone. This difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Hematologic toxicity was less frequent in the combination group. Two-year survival was 93% for combination group and 54% for chlorambucil-treated group. The difference, however, was not statistically significant. Our data indicate that chlorambucil-prednisone therapy is superior to chlorambucil in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
Expressive Body Capture: 3D Hands, Face, and Body From a Single Image (2019)

To facilitate the analysis of human actions, interactions and emotions, we compute a 3D model of human body pose, hand pose, and facial expression from a single monocular image. To achieve this, we use thousands of 3D scans to train a new, unified, 3D model of the human body, SMPL-X, that extends SMPL with fully articulated hands and an expressive face. Learning to regress the parameters of SMPL-X directly from images is challenging without paired images and 3D ground truth. Consequently, we follow the approach of SMPLify, which estimates 2D features and then optimizes model parameters to fit the features. We improve on SMPLify in several significant ways: (1) we detect 2D features corresponding to the face, hands, and feet and fit the full SMPL-X model to these; (2) we train a new neural network pose prior using a large MoCap dataset; (3) we define a new interpenetration penalty that is both fast and accurate; (4) we automatically detect gender and the appropriate body models (male, female, or neutral); (5) our PyTorch implementation achieves a speedup of more than 8x over Chumpy. We use the new method, SMPLify-X, to fit SMPL-X to both controlled images and images in the wild. We evaluate 3D accuracy on a new curated dataset comprising 100 images with pseudo ground-truth. This is a step towards automatic expressive human capture from monocular RGB data. The models, code, and data are available for research purposes at https://smpl-x.is.tue.mpg.de.
A novel wide dynamic range silicon photodetector and linear imaging array (1984)

A silicon photodetector structure utilizing the MOSFET subthreshold effect is discussed. This photodetector, which can be integrated on the same chip with MOSFET circuits or CCDs, provides an analog voltage signal over a wide dynamic range. Photodetector and arrays showed, in the visible spectrum an incoming radiation-detection light-intensity dynamic range of greater than 10/SUP 7/. In addition, the photodetector device was used to realize CCD and self-scanned MOSFET linear arrays. The theory of the new photodetector device and its use in forming linear imaging arrays are discussed. Experimental results are presented.
A 112 Gb/s -8.2 dBm Sensitivity 4-PAM Linear TIA in 16nm CMOS with Co-Packaged Photodiodes (2022)

Low-cost optical receivers (RX) operating at 100+ Gb/s 4-PAM with low power are in high demand to support 400GBASE-DR4/FR4 links in data centers. Existing pluggable solutions generally realize the RX front-end in BiCMOS. However, a more integrated solution, with the RX front-ends integrated onto a CMOS host IC and co-packaged alongside the photodiodes (PDs), offers the potential for smaller size, lower cost, and lower power [1], [2]. This work demonstrates a 112 Gb/s 4-PAM linear TIA in CMOS flip-chip co-packaged with commercial PDs and different PD-to-RX interconnect lengths (Fig. 1a).
P‐49: A Programmable Gamma Reference Buffer with Integrated Backlight Control (2006)

Abstract Backlight modulation, when coupled with gamma remapping, can significantly increase the performance of a TFT LCD panel in terms of contrast ratio, black level and power consumption. A programmable gamma reference buffer with integrated backlight control has been developed to support dynamic gamma control in conjunction with backlight control to enable performance enhancements in notebook computers and LCD televisions.
Methane from coal deposits technical evaluation and database. Final report, October 1991-March 1994 (1994)

Continued efficient extraction of natural gas from coal seams in the United States will require improved extraction technologies and innovative field practices beyond those in use today. The route selected for timely technology transfer is (1) the publication of the `Quarterly Review of Methane from Coal Seams Technology`; (2) the operation of Natural Gas Supply Information Centers at four geographically dispersed locations; (3) the organization and operation of forums, workshops, short courses, and symposia. To compliment the technologic developments undertaken by other facets of the GRI R&D program, the assessment of new and emerging technologies and their potential impact on cost-effective production of methane from coal seams is also required. An important aspect of this is the use of GRI-development reservoir simulators to provide low-cost insight on reservoir characteristics and the impact of varying technological developments on well and field performance.
HgCdTe dual-band infrared photodiodes grown by molecular beam epitaxy (1991)

We report the demonstration of an all molecular beam epitaxy HgCdTe bias-selectable dual-band infrared photodetector. The mesa device, an n-p-n three layer HgCdTe heterostructure, was in situ doped with arsenic and indium for p- and n-type doping. The device design is similar to a heterostructure floating base transistor. The feasibility of the two-color bias-switchable detector was demonstrated by obtaining backside illuminated spectrally pure dual-band detection at 77 K. Wavelength cutoff (λco) selection to 5.2 μm with 60% quantum efficiency (QE) was obtained by applying a negative bias of −250 meV, and to λco=7.9 μm with 36% QE by applying a positive bias of 250 meV. The current-voltage characteristics of this device can be described in terms of a simple back-to-back diode model.
Certain Inhibitors of Synthetic Amyloid β-Peptide (Aβ) Fibrillogenesis Block Oligomerization of Natural Aβ and Thereby Rescue Long-Term Potentiation (2005)

Recent studies support the hypothesis that soluble oligomers of amyloid beta-peptide (Abeta) rather than mature amyloid fibrils are the earliest effectors of synaptic compromise in Alzheimer's disease. We took advantage of an amyloid precursor protein-overexpressing cell line that secretes SDS-stable Abeta oligomers to search for inhibitors of the pathobiological effects of natural human Abeta oligomers. Here, we identify small molecules that inhibit formation of soluble Abeta oligomers and thus abrogate their block of long-term potentiation (LTP). Furthermore, we show that cell-derived Abeta oligomers can be separated from monomers by size exclusion chromatography under nondenaturing conditions and that the isolated, soluble oligomers, but not monomers, block LTP. The identification of small molecules that inhibit early Abeta oligomer formation and rescue LTP inhibition offers a rational approach for therapeutic intervention in Alzheimer's disease and highlights the utility of our cell-culture paradigm as a useful secondary screen for compounds designed to inhibit early steps in Abeta oligomerization under biologically relevant conditions.
Phosphorylation of Akt/PKB is required for suppression of cancer cell apoptosis and tumor progression in human colorectal carcinoma (2002)

The phosphorylated Akt level can monitor cell growth and resistance to apoptosis, indicating that activation of Akt plays an important role during the progression of colorectal carcinomas by helping promote cell growth and rescue cells from apoptosis. These findings also suggest the possibility of using LY294002 for treatment of colorectal carcinoma.
A Novel QR ZCS Switched-Capacitor Bidirectional Converter (2007)

The proposed quasi-resonant (QR) zero current switching (ZCS) switched-capacitor (SC) converter is a new type of bi-directional power flow control conversion scheme. They are able to provide the voltage conversion ratios from 2 versus 1/2 (double-mode/half-mode) to n versus 1/n (n-mode/1/n-mode) by adding a different number of switched-capacitors and power MOSFET switches with a small series connected resonant inductor for forward and reverse schemes. The low current stress and balance resonance current are the advantage of the proposed quasi resonant switched-capacitor converter. The principle of operation, theoretical analysis of the proposed bi-directional power conversion scheme is described in detail with circuit model analysis. Simulation and experimental results are carried out to verify the performance of the new type ZCS SC bi-directional QR converters.
Přehled nežádoucích účinků cytostatik (2006)

Cytostatika se lisi zasadnim způsobem od ostatnich leciv velmi uzkou terapeutickou siři, neboli rozdilem davky, kdy jsou neucinne a davky, kdy mohou clověka zabit. Lekař, ktere tyto leky podava, musi být velmi dobře seznam s jejich nežadoucimi ucinky a musi umět pomoci pacientovi se s nastalou komplikaci vypořadat. Vsechna cytostatika tlumi různou měrou krvetvorbu, přiznaky nedostatku bilých krvinek (infekce) a krevnich desticek (krvaceni) jsou nejcastějsi. Tento nežadouci ucinek je spolecný vsem cytostatikům. Jednotliva cytostatika pak maji dalsi, nežadouci ucinky, ktera se obvykle projevuji poskozenim urcitých organů ci tkani. Nasledujici přehled tyto situace strucně charakterizuje.
Quantum fluctuations and the single-junction Coulomb blockade (1990)

We investigate the effect of quantum fluctuations on the Coulomb blockade in a single tunnel junction coupled to its environment by a transmission line of arbitrary impedance Z(\ensuremath{\omega}). The quantized oscillation modes of the transmission line are suddenly displaced when an electron tunnels through the junction. For small Z (relative to the quantum of resitance), a weak power-law zero-bias anomaly occurs associated with the infrared-divergent shakeup of low-frequency transmission-line modes. For large Z, the full blockade is recovered. Comparison with recent experiments is made.
Intravenous Administration of Human Umbilical Cord Blood Reduces Behavioral Deficits After Stroke in Rats (2001)

Intravenously administered HUCBC enter brain, survive, migrate, and improve functional recovery after stroke. HUCBC transplantation may provide a cell source to treat stroke.
Dynamic recurrent neural networks (2018)

Abstract: "We survey learning algorithms for recurrent neural networks with hidden units and attempt to put the various techniques into a common framework. We discuss fixpoint learning algorithms, namely recurrent backpropagation and deterministic Boltzmann Machines, and non-fixpoint algorithms, namely backpropagation through time, Elman's history cutoff nets, and Jordan's output feedback architecture. Forward propagation, an online technique that uses adjoint equations, is also discussed. In many cases, the unified presentation leads to generalizations of various sorts. Some simulations are presented, and at the end, issues of computational complexity are addressed."
Sixty-Device Remote-Control System for NBC's Television Central Project (1976)

A large remote-control system, interfacing 24 studios to 60 machines (videotape and film), was recently installed at the NBC New York Studios as part of the Television Central Project. A time-sharing scheme was selected to avoid the high cost and complexity of a hard-wired approach. Individual buses for each studio eliminate common-mode failures. Any machine can be assigned to any studio without conflict, and machine status can be monitored continuously.
Analysis of Binding Sites for the New Small-Molecule CCR5 Antagonist TAK-220 on Human CCR5 (2005)

G protein-coupled receptor CCR5 is the main coreceptor for macrophage-tropic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), and various small-molecule CCR5 antagonists are being developed to treat HIV-1 infection. It has been reported that such CCR5 antagonists, including TAK-779, bind to a putative binding pocket formed by transmembrane domains (TMs) 1, 2, 3 and 7 of CCR5, indicating the importance of the conformational changes of the TMs during virus entry. In this report, using a single-round infection assay with human CCR5 and its substitution mutants, we demonstrated that a new CCR5 antagonist, TAK-220, shares the putative interacting amino acid residues Asn252 and Leu255 in TM6 with TAK-779 but also requires the distinct residues Gly163 and Ile198 in TMs 4 and 5, respectively, for its inhibitory effect. We suggested that, together with molecular models of the interactions between the drugs and CCR5, the inhibitory activity of TAK-220 could involve direct interactions with amino acid residues in TMs 4, 5, and 6 in addition to those in the previously postulated binding pocket. The possible interaction of drugs with additional regions of the CCR5 molecule would help to develop a new small-molecule CCR5 antagonist.
Biochemical and Physiological Characterization of the Pyruvate Formate-Lyase Pfl1 of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii , a Typically Bacterial Enzyme in a Eukaryotic Alga (2008)

The unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii has a special type of anaerobic metabolism that is quite unusual for eukaryotes. It has two oxygen-sensitive [Fe-Fe] hydrogenases (EC 1.12.7.2) that are coupled to photosynthesis and, in addition, a formate- and ethanol-producing fermentative metabolism, which was proposed to be initiated by pyruvate formate-lyase (Pfl; EC 2.3.1.54). Pfl enzymes are commonly found in prokaryotes but only rarely in eukaryotes. Both the hydrogen- and the formate/ethanol-producing pathways are involved in a sustained anaerobic metabolism of the alga, which can be induced by sulfur depletion in illuminated cultures. Before now, the presence of a Pfl protein in C. reinhardtii was predicted from formate secretion and the homology of the deduced protein of the PFL1 gene model to known Pfl enzymes. In this study, we proved the formate-producing activity of the putative Pfl1 enzyme by heterologous expression of the C. reinhardtii PFL1 cDNA in Escherichia coli and subsequent in vitro activity tests of the purified protein. Furthermore, a Pfl-deficient E. coli strain secretes formate when expressing the PFL1 cDNA of C. reinhardtii. We also examined the Pfl1 fermentation pathway of C. reinhardtii under the physiological condition of sulfur depletion. Genetic and biochemical analyses show that sulfur-depleted algae express genes encoding enzymes acting downstream of Pfl1 and also potentially ethanol-producing enzymes, such as pyruvate decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.1) or pyruvate ferredoxin oxidoreductase (EC 1.2.7.1). The latter enzymes might substitute for Pfl1 activity when Pfl1 is specifically inhibited by hypophosphite.
Structure of the human gene encoding granule membrane protein-140, a member of the selectin family of adhesion receptors for leukocytes. (1990)

GMP-140, an inducible granule membrane protein of platelets and endothelial cells, is a member of the selectin family of cell surface receptors that mediate interactions of leukocytes with the blood vessel wall. These molecules all contain an N-terminal lectin-like domain, followed by an epidermal growth factor-like domain, a variable number of consensus repeats related to those in complement-binding proteins, a transmembrane domain, and a cytoplasmic tail. Two variant cDNAs for GMP-140 have been identified, one predicting a soluble form of the molecule lacking the transmembrane domain and the other predicting a molecule containing eight instead of nine consensus repeats. Here we describe the organization of the human gene encoding GMP-140, which spans over 50 kilobase pairs and contains 17 exons. Almost all exons encode distinct structural domains, including the lectin-like domain, the epidermal growth factor-like domain, each of the nine consensus repeats, and the transmembrane region. Each of the two deletions found in the variant cDNAs is precisely encoded by an exon, suggesting that these forms of GMP-140 are derived from alternative splicing of mRNA. By using the polymerase chain reaction, transcripts encoding the putative soluble form of GMP-140 can be amplified from both platelet and endothelial cell RNA. The structure of the GMP-140 gene supports the concept that the selectins evolved as a result of exon duplication and rearrangement.
Capacity-approaching protograph codes (2009)

This paper discusses construction of protograph-based low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes. Emphasis is placed on protograph ensembles whose typical minimum distance grows linearly with block size. Asymptotic performance analysis for both weight enumeration and iterative decoding threshold determination is provided and applied to a series of code constructions. Construction techniques that yield both low thresholds and linear minimum distance growth are introduced by way of example throughout. The paper also examines implementation strategies for high throughput decoding derived from first principles of belief propagation on bipartite graphs.
Tumor Infiltrating T Lymphocytes in Colorectal Cancer (2006)

Tumor-selective activation and cytotoxic activity of CD8 TIL and tumor-selective migration of CD4 T helper cells were demonstrated in colorectal cancer for the first time. Our data support the immunogenicity of colorectal cancer and suggest clinical significance of tumor-specific immune responses.
CRTH2 is a prominent effector in contact hypersensitivity-induced neutrophil inflammation (2004)

Chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed on Th2 lymphocytes, CRTH2, is a cognate receptor for prostaglandin (PG) D(2) and, in humans, is suggested to play a functional role in Th2-dependent allergic inflammation. While peripheral blood leukocytes expressing high levels of surface CRTH2 have been detected in disease, little is known of the functional significance of CRTH2 in disease etiology. We have utilized a Th2-dependent murine model of FITC-induced contact hypersensitivity to assess the role, if any, CRTH2-PGD(2) may play in the elicitation or maintenance of such pathobiology. Expression of both PGD(2) and CRTH2 in lesional skin was paralleled by the release of the chemoattractants LTB(4) and the chemokine KC, as well as a profuse dermal neutrophilic and eosinophilic infiltrate, closely paralleling the acute inflammatory pathology observed in human atopic dermatitis. A small molecule CRTH2 antagonist, but not a selective PGD(2)R (DP) receptor antagonist, was able to completely abrogate these responses. Inflammatory cascades mediated by CRTH2 ligation may therefore represent an important early step in the elicitation and maintenance of Th2-dependent skin inflammation.
Defibrillation of the heart : ICDs, AEDs, and manual (1994)

The subject of defibrillation is addressed comprehensively in this reference book. Included is information on the criteria for defibrillation and the design/use of conventional and new defibrillators. All types of defibrillation are covered and each type is discussed in the context of patient selection, treatment options, implantation (as appropriate), problems and complications, follow-up, and overall results. Mechanisms of defibrillations, waveforms for defibrillation and fibrillation causes are also discussed.
Identification of an Epitope Common to Genogroup 1 “Norwalk-Like Viruses” (2000)

A panel of 10 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to recombinant Norwalk virus (NV) capsid protein were tested in competition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Patterns of competition indicated that these MAbs recognize six to eight epitopes covering five nonoverlapping regions of the capsid protein. A single epitope, recognized by NV MAbs NV3901, NV3912, and NV2461 was found to occur in the majority of genogroup 1 (G1) but not genogroup 2 (G2) "Norwalk-like viruses" (NLVs). This observation supports the subdivision of human NLVs into two genogroups and provides an assay for the rapid identification of G1 NLVs in fecal specimens.