gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sendai virus M protein binds independently to either the F or the HN glycoprotein in vivo (1994)

We have analyzed the mechanism by which M protein interacts with components of the viral envelope during Sendai virus assembly. Using recombinant vaccinia viruses to selectively express combinations of Sendai virus F, HN, and M proteins, we have successfully reconstituted M protein-glycoprotein interaction in vivo and determined the molecular interactions which are necessary and sufficient to promote M protein-membrane binding. Our results showed that M protein accumulates on cellular membranes via a direct interaction with both F and HN proteins. Specifically, our data demonstrated that a small fraction (8 to 16%) of M protein becomes membrane associated in the absence of Sendai virus glycoproteins, while > 75% becomes membrane bound in the presence of both F and HN proteins. Selective expression of M protein together with either F or HN protein showed that each viral glycoprotein is individually sufficient to promote efficient (56 to 73%) M protein-membrane binding. Finally, we observed that M protein associates with cellular membranes in a time-dependent manner, implying a need for either maturation or transport before binding to glycoproteins.
Increasing Bacteremia Due to Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci: Fiction or Reality? (1998)

The apparent trend of increasing CNS bacteremia seems to be valid. Whether there is a real difference between the United States and Europe concerning the increase of CNS bacteremia is difficult to establish due to the large number of confounding factors. Few studies take into account the number of blood cultures performed or the use of intravascular devices to adjust for the observed trends. Further on-site surveillance studies are needed to investigate the phenomenon more extensively.
Mercuric ion reduction and resistance in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants expressing a modified bacterial merA gene. (1996)

With global heavy metal contamination increasing, plants that can process heavy metals might provide efficient and ecologically sound approaches to sequestration and removal. Mercuric ion reductase, MerA, converts toxic Hg2+ to the less toxic, relatively inert metallic mercury (Hg0) The bacterial merA sequence is rich in CpG dinucleotides and has a highly skewed codon usage, both of which are particularly unfavorable to efficient expression in plants. We constructed a mutagenized merA sequence, merApe9, modifying the flanking region and 9% of the coding region and placing this sequence under control of plant regulatory elements. Transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana seeds expressing merApe9 germinated, and these seedlings grew, flowered, and set seed on medium containing HgCl2 concentrations of 25-100 microM (5-20 ppm), levels toxic to several controls. Transgenic merApe9 seedlings evolved considerable amounts of Hg0 relative to control plants. The rate of mercury evolution and the level of resistance were proportional to the steady-state mRNA level, confirming that resistance was due to expression of the MerApe9 enzyme. Plants and bacteria expressing merApe9 were also resistant to toxic levels of Au3+. These and other data suggest that there are potentially viable molecular genetic approaches to the phytoremediation of metal ion pollution.
Genetic and Functional Studies of Hirschsprung Disease (2016)

Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) is a heterogeneous, complex genetic disease involving mutations (in combination) in several genes. The differential contribution of rare and common coding and non-coding variants vary in accordance with gender and length of aganglionosis. Major mutations in genes involved in HSCR are also linked to ENS development, and defects in ENCCs migration, proliferation, differentiation and survival display HSCR like phenotype in animal models. Exome sequencing of families with unidentified mutations in known HSCR genes have led in identification of new HSCR genes. Mutations in regulatory elements encompassing the RET locus are associated with HSCR. Detailed epigenome profiling of different cell types and tissues by the Human epigenome atlas project have now provided desired datasets for interrogating the role of epigenetic marks in HSCR. Development of new transgenic models in model organisms such as, zebrafish has also facilitated the validation studies of genomic findings. All these studies identified a large number of genes and loci however they explain only part of the total genetic risk for HSCR. 
In this thesis we aim at finding novel genes, mutation within these genes and ENS specific regulatory regions that could explain part of the missing heritability.
Dynamic study of autoantibodies to glutamate receptors of NMDA-type in blood of patients with acute ischemic and hemorrhagic insult (1997)

Results of dynamic study of level of antibodies to NMDA- receptors in blood serum of patients at different moments of acute period of disturbance of cerebral circulation of ischemic and hemorrhagic tipe are generalized in the given work. A total of 48 patients of 3266 years of age with acute disturbance of cerebral circulation, 29 of which with acute cerebral ischemic and 19 with acute hemorrhage has been examined. The trends has been identified in changes of the level of antibodies to receptors at different phases of acute period of ischemic insult and acute cerebral hemorrhage. The results can be used for diagnosis and prognosis of the course of different types of acute disturbance of cerebral circulation.
Oscillation Diagnosis in Control Loops ~ Stiction and other Causes (2006)

Control loop oscillations are the most prominent indications of deteriorated controller performance. In many cases, a pre-dominant oscillation thwarts the original intention of feedback control. The feedback mechanism may increase the variability of the control error rather than keeping the actual process variable close to the desired target. Oscillations often indicate a more severe problem than irregular variability increase and hence requires more advanced maintenance than simple controller re-tuning. Nowadays, the detection of oscillations is a solved problem. Diagnosis of oscillations, however, still is an area of active research. Fortunately, during the last years, significant progress has been made in this direction, even though some questions remain unanswered. Nonlinearity analysis, as reported in this book has enabled important differential diagnoses mainly for oscillating loops and will be presented for stiction detection lateron. Still partly unsolved is the problem of diagnosing arising oscillations due to linear coupling between two - well-tuned, if seen individually - control loops
Magnetic structure variations during giant magnetoresistance training in spin valves with picoscale antiferromagnetic layers (2006)

Microscopic models of exchange bias focus on the formation of domains in the antiferromagnet or the ferromagnet, or on a small induced moment in the antiferromagnet. Previous giant magnetoresistance (GMR) measurements, however, reveal exchange bias and training effects in CoFe-based spin valves with antiferromagnetic IrMn layers as thin as 0.4 nm. Polarized neutron reflectometry studies of a related spin valve with a 1.6 nm IrMn layer were carried out for several points along the GMR hysteresis curve to probe separately the free and pinned CoFe layers. These measurements confirm that the two ferromagnetic CoFe layers are aligned in parallel in saturating fields. During the first field cyle, regions of high resistance correspond to an antiparallel alignment of the CoFe layers as expected. Significant changes in this antiparallel structure are observed during the second field sweep, and a magnetic spiral forms and persists in the pinned CoFe layer. High-field saturation seems to reduce the effectiveness of the pinning and thus gives rise to training. These results have implications for the origin of exchange bias in spin valves with thin antiferromagnetic layers.
Effect of protein A on staphylococcal opsonization (1977)

To study the effect of wall protein A on bacterial opsonization, phagocytosis of 10 strains of Staphylococcus aureus with high and low protein A contents was measured. Those strains that contained the highest concentrations of protein A were phagocytized by human neutrophils at a slower rate than strains with little or no protein A when normal human serum and purified immunoglobulin G (IgG) were used as opsonic sources. When IgG-deficient serum was used as an source, however, protein A-rich strains were phagocytized more rapidly than protein A-deficient strains. Extracellular (purified) protein A decrease the opsonic activity of all sera tested including IgG-deficient serum. It is proposed that when IgG is not present in the opsonic medium, cell wall protein A is capable of activating complement at the bacterial surface and thereby opsonization is promoted.
[Reconstructive urethroplasty using porcine acellular matrix: preliminary results]. (2002)

According to our preliminary experience "porcine acellular matrix" is a promising approach for the repair of long urethral strictures. Its safety and effectiveness encourage us to treat more cases in male and female patients.
o-Phenylene-bridged Cp/sulfonamido titanium complexes for ethylene/1-octene copolymerization (2006)

The Suzuki-coupling reaction of 2-(dihydroxyboryl)-3,4-dimethyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one and 2-(dihydroxyboryl)-3-methyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one with 2-bromoaniline derivatives affords cyclopentenone compounds from which cyclopentadiene compounds, 4,6-R'(2)-2-(2,5-Me2C5H3)C6H2NH2 and 4,6-R'(2)-2-(2,3,5-Me3C5H2)C6H2NH2 are prepared. After sulfonation of the -NH2 group with p-TsCl, metallation is carried out by successive addition of Ti(NMe2)4 and Me2SiCl2 affording o-phenylene-bridged Cp/sulfonamido titanium dichloride complexes, [4,6-R'(2)-2-(2,5-Me2C5H2)C6H2NSO2C6H4CH3)]TiCl2 (R'=H, ; R'=Me, ; R'=F, ) and [4,6-R'(2)-2-(2,3,5-Me3C5H)C6H2NSO2C6H4CH3)]TiCl2 (R'=H, ; R'=Me, ; R'=F, ). The molecular structures of and [2-(2,5-Me2C5H2)C6H4NSO2C6H4CH3)]Ti(NMe2)2 are determined by X-ray crystallography. The Cp(centroid)-Ti-N angle in is smaller (100.90 degrees) than that observed for the CGC (constrained-geometry catalyst), [Me2Si(eta5-Me4Cp)(NtBu)]TiCl2 (107.6 degrees) indicating a more "constrained feature" in than in the CGC. Complex shows the highest activity among the newly prepared complexes in ethylene/1-octene copolymerization but it is slightly inferior to the CGC in terms of activity, comonomer-incorporation ability, and molecular weight of the obtained polymers.
The morbid anatomy of the human genome: chromosomal location of mutations causing disease. (1993)

Information is given in tabular form derived from a synopsis of the human gene map which has been updated continuously since 1973 as part of Mendelian Inheritance in Man (Johns Hopkins University Press, 10th ed, 1992) and of OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, available generally since 1987). The part of the synopsis reproduced here consists of chromosome by chromosome gene lists of loci for which there are associated disorders (table 1), a pictorial representation of this information (fig 1a-d), and an index of disorders for which the causative mutations have been mapped (table 2). In table 1, information on genes that have been located to specific chromosomal positions and are also the site of disease producing mutations is arranged by chromosome, starting with chromosome 1 and with the end of the short arm of the chromosome in each case. In table 2 an alphabetized list of these disorders and the chromosomal location of the mutation in each case are provided. Both in the 'Disorder' field of table 1 and in table 2, the numbers 1, 2, or 3 in parentheses after the name of the disorder indicate that its chromosomal location was determined by mapping of the wildtype gene (1), by mapping of the clinical phenotype (2), or by both strategies (3).
Axonal Self-Destruction and Neurodegeneration (2002)

Neurons seem to have at least two self-destruct programs. Like other cell types, they have an intracellular death program for undergoing apoptosis when they are injured, infected, or not needed. In addition, they apparently have a second, molecularly distinct self-destruct program in their axon. This program is activated when the axon is severed and leads to the rapid degeneration of the isolated part of the cut axon. Do neurons also use this second program to prune their axonal tree during development and to conserve resources in response to chronic insults?
Molecular Determinants of Selectivity in 5-Hydroxytryptamine1B Receptor-G Protein Interactions (1997)

The recognition between G protein and cognate receptor plays a key role in specific cellular responses to environmental stimuli. Here we explore specificity in receptor-G protein coupling by taking advantage of the ability of the 5-hydroxytryptamine1B (5-HT1B) receptor to discriminate between G protein heterotrimers containing Galphai1 or Galphat. Gi1 can interact with the 5-HT1B receptor and stabilize a high affinity agonist binding state of this receptor, but Gt cannot. A series of Galphat/Galphai1 chimeric proteins have been generated in Escherichia coli, and their functional integrity has been reported previously (Skiba, N. P., Bae, H., and Hamm, H. E. (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271, 413-424). We have tested the functional coupling abilities of the Galphat/Galphai1 chimeras to 5-HT1B receptors using high affinity agonist binding and receptor-stimulated guanosine 5'-3-O-(thio)triphosphate (GTPgammaS) binding. In the presence of betagamma subunits, amino acid residues 299-318 of Galphai1 increase agonist binding to the 5-HT1B receptor and receptor stimulation of GTPgammaS binding. Moreover, Galphai1 containing only Galphat amino acid sequences from this region does not show any coupling ability to 5-HT1B receptors. Our studies suggest that the alpha4 helix and alpha4-beta6 loop region of Galphas are an important region for specific recognition between receptors and Gi family members.
Metallocene-based polyolefins : preparation, properties and technology (2000)

MECHANISTIC ASPECTS OF METALLOCENE CATALYSTS. Molecular Modeling Studies on Stereospecificity and Regiospecificity of Propene Polymerizations by Metallocences (P. Corradini, et al.). Chiropicity of Metallocene Catalysts and Propene Polymerization (G. Di Silvestro). Stereospecific Polymerization of Chiral alpha-Olefins (A. Zambelli). Computational Modeling of Single-site Polymerization Catalysts (T. Woo, et al.). CYCLOOLEFINS, DIENES AND FUNCTIONALIZED OLEFIN POLYMERIZATION. Homo- and Copolymerization of Cycloolefins by Metallocene Catalysts (W. Kaminsky and M. Arndt-Rosenau). Metallocene Catalysts for 1,3-Diene Polymerization (L. Porri, et al.). New Functionalized Olefin Copolymers Synthesized by Metallocenes and Novel Organometallic Catalysts (B. L?fgren and J. Sepp?l?). PLASTOMERS AND ELASTOMERS. Constrained Geometry Single-site Catalyst Technology Elastomers and Plastomers for Impact Modifications and Automotive Applications (K. Sehanobish, et al.). Structure, Properties and Applications of Polyolefin Elastomers Produced by Constrained Geometry Catalysts (T. Ho and J. Martin). Packaging Applications Using Enhanced Polyethylenes and Polyolefin Plastomers Produced by Contrained Geometry Single-site Catalysts (K. Koch, et al.). Measurement, Mathematical Modeling and Control of Distribution of Molecular Weight, Chemical Composition and Long-chain Branching of Polyolefins Made with Metallocene Catalysts (J. Soares and A. Penlidis). STYRENE POLYMERIZATION. Structure, Properties and Applications of Ethylene-Styrene Interpolymers (M. Guest, et al.). Metallocene-Based Reactive Polyolefin Copolymers Containing p-Methylstyrene (T. Chung). COMMERCIAL METALLOCENE POLYMERIZATION METHODS. Applications of Metallocene Catalysts to Large-scale Slurry Loop Reactors (D. Fahey, et al.). Multi-catalyst Reactor Granule Technololgy for the Production of Metallocene Polymers (J. Haylock, et al.). Metallocene Catalyst Technology in a Bimodal Polymerization Process (H. Knuuttila, et al.). RHEOLOGY AND PROCESSING OF METALLOCENE-BASED POLYMERS. Rheological Properties of Metallocene-catalyzed Polyolefins in the Melt and Solid States and Comparison with Conventional Polyolefins (J. Carella and L. Quinzani). Rheology and Processing of Metallocene-based Polyolefins (F. Eckstein, et al.). Melt-rheological Characteristics of Metallocene-catalyzed Polyethylenes (D. Rohlfing and J. Janzen) Extrusion Characteristics of Metallocene-based Polyolefins (C. Cheng). APPLICATIONS OF METALLOCENE-BASED POLYOLEFINS. Film Applications for Metallocene-based Propylene Polymers (A. Mehta, et al.). Medical Applications of Metallocene-catalyzed Polyolefins (R. Portnoy and J. Domine). Constrained Geometry-catalyzed Polyolefins in Durable and Wire and Cable Applications (S. Betso, et al.). Production and Use of Metallocene-based Polyethylene in Rotomolding Applications (A. Fatnes, et al.). Index.
A pilot study of the use of near-patient C-Reactive Protein testing in the treatment of adult respiratory tract infections in one Irish general practice (2011)

This pilot study confirms the potential feasibility of a full trial in Irish general practice. Further consideration of possible increased re-attendance rates in a mixed payments health system is appropriate. We intend to pursue a larger trial in a newly established regional primary care research network.
Differentiating members of the thiazolidinedione class: a focus on safety (2002)

Troglitazone, rosiglitazone and pioglitazone are members of the thiazolidinedione (TZD) class - antidiabetic agents that have proven efficacy in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes. All three agents are believed to mediate their effects via activation of the gamma isoform of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR gamma). Despite this common mechanism of action, they all have unique chemical structures and receptor-binding affinities, and consequently, in addition to the class effects (probably mediated through PPAR gamma), each TZD has a unique safety profile. Side effects have been categorized as unique to individual TZDs, or common to the class of drug. Of the unique effects, the best characterized is hepatotoxicity, which has been associated specifically with troglitazone to date. Studies with rosiglitazone and pioglitazone indicate that hepatotoxicity is not a class effect. Further differences in the safety profiles of these agents arise because the oxidative metabolism for each agent occurs by distinct cytochrome pathways: troglitazone and pioglitazone involve CYP 3A4 and CYP 2C8 whereas rosiglitazone is principally metabolized by CYP 2C8. CYP 3A4 is involved in the metabolism of over 150 drugs, hence the potential for drug interactions with troglitazone and pioglitazone is much greater than with rosiglitazone. Class effects include edema, slight reductions in hemoglobin and hematocrit (due to hemodilution), weight gain and alterations in plasma lipid profiles. This article considers safety data obtained from both clinical trials and clinical practice as a means of differentiating among troglitazone, rosiglitazone and pioglitazone.
Real-time deblocking filter for MPEG-4 systems (2003)

This paper presents a deblocking filter architecture in the MPEG-4 standard. This architecture performs as a 1D nonlinear filter across the block boundary to efficiently suppress blocking artifacts. Two shift register banks are used in the design; their use greatly reduces the control complexity of data flow. Due to efficient scheduling, the size of storage and the total clock cycles are minimized. The maximum processing rate of this architecture mapped in 0.35 /spl mu/m technology is 30 Mpixels/sec, which can support NTSC resolution at 30 frames per second. The power consumption of the design is 46.6 mW while operating frequency is 81 MHz.
Raman amplification and dispersion-managed solitons for all-optical, ultra-long-haul, dense WDM (2001)

Choice of the “all-optical” approach- transmission without the more customary electronic regeneration every 500 km or so- has recently been dictated by the logistics and economics of ultra-long-haul, Terabit-level, dense WDM. The “all-Raman” approach to optical amplification is increasingly perceived as a key enabler to such all-optical transmission. In this talk I shall outline the many advantages of that approach, as well as offer a brief description of the complementary key, viz., dispersion-managed solitons. Together, the two technologies enable the creation of truly all-optical networks spanning vast geographical regions, such as that of the North American continent.
H-ras oncogene-transformed human bronchial epithelial cells (TBE-1) secrete a single metalloprotease capable of degrading basement membrane collagen. (1988)

H-ras-transformed human bronchial epithelial cells (TBE-1) secrete a single major extracellular matrix metalloprotease which is not found in the normal parental cells. The enzyme is secreted in a latent form of 72 kDa, which can be activated to catalyze the cleavage of the basement membrane macromolecule type IV collagen. The substrates in their order of preference are: gelatin, type IV collagen, type V collagen, fibronectin, and type VII collagen; but the enzyme does not cleave the interstitial collagens or laminin. This protease is identical to gelatinase isolated from normal human skin explants, normal human skin fibroblasts, and SV40-transformed human lung fibroblasts. Based on its ability to initiate the degradation of type IV collagen in a pepsin-resistant portion of the molecule, it will be referred to as type IV collagenase. This enzyme is most likely the human analog of type IV collagenase detected in several rodent tumors, which has the same molecular mass and has been linked to their metastatic potential. Type IV collagenase consists of three domains. Two of them, the amino-terminal domain and the carboxyl-terminal domain, are homologous to interstitial collagenase and human and rat stromelysin. The middle domain, of 175 residues, is organized into three 58-residue head-to-tail repeats which are homologous to the type II motif of the collagen-binding domain of fibronectin. Type IV collagenase represents the third member of a newly recognized gene family coding for secreted extracellular matrix metalloproteases, which includes interstitial fibroblast collagenase and stromelysin.
Structural Polymorphism of 441-Residue Tau at Single Residue Resolution (2009)

Alzheimer disease is characterized by abnormal protein deposits in the brain, such as extracellular amyloid plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles. The tangles are made of a protein called tau comprising 441 residues in its longest isoform. Tau belongs to the class of natively unfolded proteins, binds to and stabilizes microtubules, and partially folds into an ordered beta-structure during aggregation to Alzheimer paired helical filaments (PHFs). Here we show that it is possible to overcome the size limitations that have traditionally hampered detailed nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy studies of such large nonglobular proteins. This is achieved using optimal NMR pulse sequences and matching of chemical shifts from smaller segments in a divide and conquer strategy. The methodology reveals that 441-residue tau is highly dynamic in solution with a distinct domain character and an intricate network of transient long-range contacts important for pathogenic aggregation. Moreover, the single-residue view provided by the NMR analysis reveals unique insights into the interaction of tau with microtubules. Our results establish that NMR spectroscopy can provide detailed insight into the structural polymorphism of very large nonglobular proteins.