gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In Vitro Inhibition of HIV-1 by Met-Sdf-1β Alone or in Combination with Antiretroviral Drugs (2000)

Compounds that can block the CXCR4 chemokine receptor are a promising new class of antiretroviral agents. In these experiments we studied the effect of a modified form of the native stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1), Met-SDF-1β. The in vitro susceptibility of two different CXCR4-tropic HIV-1 strains was determined. Antiviral effect was assessed by the reduction of p24 antigen production in PHA-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells with exposure to the modified SDF-1 molecule. The 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC 50 ) were derived from six separate experiments. The IC 50 against the two HIV-1 isolates was in 1.0–2.8 μg/ml range for Met-SDF-1β. Met-SDF-1β showed synergy to additivity with either zidovudine or nelfinavir at IC 75 , IC 90 and IC 95 . Additivity was seen when Met-SDF-1β was combined with efavirenz. No cellular toxicity was observed at the highest concentrations when these agents were used either singly or in combination. This compound is a promising new candidate in a receptor-based approach to HIV-1 infection in conjunction with currently available combination antiretroviral drug therapies.
Increased mobility from regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) field-effect transistors (2003)

Relatively high mobilities, μ=0.2 cm2 V−1 s−1 in the accumulation mode and μ=0.17 cm2 V−1 s−1 in the depletion mode, are reported for regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) (RR-P3HT) in field-effect transistors (FETs). Significantly higher mobility is obtained from FETs in which the RR-P3HT film is applied by dip-coating to a thickness of only 20−40 Å. These observations suggest that structural order of the semiconducting polymer at the interface between the semiconducting polymer and the SiO2 gate insulator is of paramount importance for achieving high carrier mobility. Heat treatment under nitrogen at 160 °C for 3 min increases the on/off ratio of the FET.
Integrative Bioinformatics Analysis Reveals New Prognostic Biomarkers of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (2014)

Using an integrative system biology approach, we identified 3 novel factors as potential biomarkers (AHR, GRHL2 and KIAA0101) involved in ccRCC pathogenesis and not linked to kidney cancer before.
Squamous cell carcinoma of the middle ear: report of three cases. (2015)

Squamous cell carcinoma of the middle ear (SCCME) accounts for 1.5% of malignant tumors in the ear. Because of the low incidence and infrequent reports of SCCME, the extent of concordance between CT and MRI results, surgical findings, and pathology reports are not well-characterized. In the present study, we reported CT and MRI images in three SCCME cases, and assessed the relationship between these results and those of surgery and the pathological report. Middle ear carcinoma is frequently misdiagnosed before surgery. In three cases of middle ear carcinoma, CT revealed the following: 1) soft tissue density lesions centered around the middle tympanum, exhibiting increased density, with external auditory canal involvement; 2) damage and absorption in the mastoid area, ossicles, and facial nerve canal, characterized by an irregular, worm-eaten appearance, without sclerotic margins; and 3) lesion infiltration of the surrounding bony substance of the middle ear, temporal squama, temporomandibular joint, anterior wall of the sigmoid sinus, and horizontal segment of the canalis caroticus (in one case lesion invasion into the intracranial cavity occurred through sigmoid sinus walls; no signs of intracranial invasion were seen in the other two cases). Enhanced lesion imaging revealed partial heterogeneous enhancement. In one patient MRI revealed a defined mass in the mastoid area of the middle ear. Signals in the lesion were partially heterogeneous and similar to brain tissue in T1- and T2-weighted images. The lesion was significantly enhanced following application of a contrast agent, while the adjacent meninges also exhibited linear enhancement. No abnormal signals were detected in the brain parenchyma. The destruction of adjacent bone plates was poorly defined. The CT and MRI results were consistent with the invasive features of middle ear cancer documented in the post-surgery pathology report.
Isolation and characterization of the cyanogen bromide peptides from the α1 and α2 chains of human skin collagen (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIsolation and characterization of the cyanogen bromide peptides from the α1 and α2 chains of human skin collagenPaul Bornstein and Eva M. ClickCite this: Biochemistry 1970, 9, 24, 4699–4706Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00826a012https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00826a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views99Altmetric-Citations52LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Hydralazine may induce autoimmunity by inhibiting extracellular signal–regulated kinase pathway signaling (2003)

Hydralazine reproduces the lupus ERK pathway signaling abnormality and its effects on DNMT expression, and inhibiting this pathway induces autoimmunity. Hydralazine-induced lupus could be caused in part by inducing the same ERK pathway signaling defect that occurs in idiopathic lupus.
Overexpression of folate binding protein in ovarian cancers (1997)

The high affinity folate binding protein (FBP) is overexpressed in ovarian cancers. However, its role in the pathogenesis and biological behaviour of these neoplasms is not clearly understood. Using the monoclonal antibody (MAb) MOv 18 and cytofluorimetric analysis, we investigated FBP expression in frozen neoplastic tissues from 136 patients diagnosed with epithelial ovarian cancer. FBP values were compared with clinico-pathological characteristics (age, stage, histologic grade, histologic type, DNA ploidy, percentage of S-phase cells, and previous chemotherapeutic treatment). Some amount of FBP overexpression was observed in 122 of the 136 tumours examined. The overall mean value of FBP fluorescence index (FBP FI) was 5.6 (median 2.7; min 0.8--max, 78.9). By univariate analysis, FBP FI was overexpressed to a higher degree in ovarian neoplasms with high histologic grade, advanced stage, serous histology, aneuploid status, and high percentage of cells in S-phase. Of the total number (136) of cases, 106 had all the parameters assessed and were thus selected for stepwise selection procedure. The only significant independent variable was the percentage of S-phase cells, which accounted for about 31% of variance of FBP FI. Our results indicate that FBP is associated with parameters of biological aggressiveness in ovarian cancers.
Running Microsoft Outlook 97 (1997)

From the Publisher:
It's packed with everything from quick, clear instructions for new users to comprehensive answers for power users. And it's complete in one volume. In short, Running Microsoft Outlook 97 is the authoritative handbook you'll keep by your computer and use every day. Chapters at a Glance for quick reference, master table of contents, extensive cross-referenced index, Quick Reference tear-out card, step-by-step instructions, hundreds of screen illustrations, real-world examples, tips and advice from the experts, and CD Loaded with Must-Have Extras: Find information fast with a searchable version of the book on disc, includes Microsoft Internet Explorer, extend your knowledge of Outlook with articles from Microsoft's Knowledge Base, and use Outlook add-ons to extend Outlook's capabilities.
Discovery of Carboxyethylpyrroles (CEPs): Critical Insights into AMD, Autism, Cancer, and Wound Healing from Basic Research on the Chemistry of Oxidized Phospholipids (2011)

Basic research, exploring the hypothesis that 2-(ω-carboxyethyl)pyrrole (CEP) modifications of proteins are generated nonenzymatically in vivo is delivering a bonanza of molecular mechanistic insights into age-related macular degeneration, autism, cancer, and wound healing. CEPs are produced through covalent modification of protein lysyl ε-amino groups by γ-hydroxyalkenal phospholipids that are formed by oxidative cleavage of docosahexaenate-containing phospholipids. Chemical synthesis of CEP-modified proteins and the production of highly specific antibodies that recognize them preceded and facilitated their detection in vivo and enabled exploration of their biological occurrence and activities. This investigational approach, from the chemistry of biomolecules to disease phenotype, is proving to be remarkably productive.
Photodynamic therapy: status and potential. (1989)

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) uses drugs which, while pharmacologically inactive, can be activated in vivo by visible or near infrared light to produce a local toxic reaction (photosensitizers). Photofrin II (PII) is a mixture of oligomeric porphyrins which accumulate and are retained over several days in all malignant tissue at levels generally higher than surrounding epithelial tissues. Following activation by red light, generally obtained from a laser and delivered by simple quartz fiber optics, PII produces a photochemical generation of cytotoxic singlet oxygen that destroys the tissue in which it resides. Several thousand cancer patients with both early and advanced tumors have been treated to date with encouraging results. Phase III comparative, controlled clinical trials are underway for photodynamic treatment of tumors of the bladder, esophagus, and bronchus.
Pulse, a PC-based graphics pulse sequence editor for NMR and MRI. (1989)

A flexible, personal computer (PC) based, screen-graphics oriented pulse sequence editor called PULSE has been developed for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). PULSE is used to set such NMR spectroscopic parameters as the delay and duration of rf transmit and receive gates, rf phase, sampling times, and such imaging parameters as rf pulse shape and gradient waveforms. The output of PULSE is a set of programs that can be loaded into a hardware pulse programmer. With PULSE, any desired NMR or MRI pulse sequence can be programmed quickly and easily.
Diode laser absorption sensors for gas-dynamic and combustion flows (1998)

Recent advances in room-temperature, near-IR and visible diode laser sources for tele-communication, high-speed computer networks, and optical data storage applications are enabling a new generation of gas-dynamic and combustion-flow sensors based on laser absorption spectroscopy. In addition to conventional species concentration and density measurements, spectroscopic techniques for temperature, velocity, pressure and mass flux have been demonstrated in laboratory, industrial and technical flows. Combined with fibreoptic distribution networks and ultrasensitive detection strategies, compact and portable sensors are now appearing for a variety of applications. In many cases, the superior spectroscopic quality of the new laser sources compared with earlier cryogenic, mid-IR devices is allowing increased sensitivity of trace species measurements, high-precision spectroscopy of major gas constituents, and stable, autonomous measurement systems. The purpose of this article is to review recent progress in this field and suggest likely directions for future research and development. The various laser-source technologies are briefly reviewed as they relate to sensor applications. Basic theory for laser absorption measurements of gas-dynamic properties is reviewed and special detection strategies for the weak near-IR and visible absorption spectra are described. Typical sensor configurations are described and compared for various application scenarios, ranging from laboratory research to automated field and airborne packages. Recent applications of gas-dynamic sensors for air flows and fluxes of trace atmospheric species are presented. Applications of gas-dynamic and combustion sensors to research and development of high-speed flows aeropropulsion engines, and combustion emissions monitoring are presented in detail, along with emerging flow control systems based on these new sensors. Finally, technology in nonlinear frequency conversion, UV laser materials, room-temperature mid-IR materials and broadly tunable multisection devices is reviewed to suggest new sensor possibilities.
Mining genome sequencing data to identify the genomic features linked to breast cancer histopathology (2014)

Data mining of the TCGA genome sequencing data is an innovative and reliable method to help characterize the genomic abnormalities associated with histopathologic features of invasive breast cancer.
Skeleton-based Generalized Cylinder Deformation under the Relative Curvature Condition (2018)

Deformation of a generalized cylinder with a parameterized shape change of its centerline is a non-trivial task when the surface is represented as a high-resolution triangle mesh, particularly when self-intersection and local distortion are to be avoided. We introduce a deformation approach that satisfies these properties based on the skeleton (densely sampled centerline and cross sections) of a generalized cylinder. Our approach uses the relative curvature condition to extract a reasonable centerline for a generalized cylinder whose orthogonal cross sections will not intersect. Given the desired centerline shape as a parametric curve, the displacements on the cross sections are determined while controlling for twisting effects, and under this constraint a vertex-wise displacement field is calculated by minimizing a quadratic surface bending energy. The method is tested on complicated generalized cylindrical objects. In particular, we discuss one application of the method for human colon (large intestine) visualization.
Intrinsically Stretchable Polymer Light‐Emitting Devices Using Carbon Nanotube‐Polymer Composite Electrodes (2011)

Polymer light-emitting devices are fabricated using single-walled carbon nanotube-polymer composite electrodes as both the electron and hole injection electrodes. The devices are metal-free and can be linearly stretched up to 45% strain. This represents a proof-of-concept, highly stretchable semiconductor device wherein every part of the device is intrinsically stretchable. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Calcitonin (1999)

The peptide calcitonin (CT) was initially discovered in 1962 as a novel hypocalcemic hormone. This hypocalcemic response was principally due to a potent inhibitory action of CT on osteoclast mediated bone resorption and it is this action which underlies its widespread clinical use for the treatment of bone disorders, including Paget's disease, osteoporosis and hypercalcemia of malignancy. In this article we review the basic physiology of CT action, structure-function studies on CT peptides, cloning of CT receptors and the identification of isoforms of the receptor derived from alterative splicing of the receptor mRNA. We also review the state of understanding on CT receptor mediated signaling and receptor regulation, along with developing concepts of how CT peptides interact with the receptor, including how the receptors may interact with receptor activity modifying proteins to produce novel phenotypes. Finally, current therapeutic use is reviewed, and the potential for expanded use that may come with advances in delivery of peptides or CT mimetics.
Prevention of Doxorubicin-Induced Hair Loss with Scalp Hypothermia (1979)

THE psychological impact of chemotherapy-induced alopecia represents one of the more devastating side effects of cancer chemotherapy and, in some instances, leads patients to refuse potentially curative chemotherapy. The problem of alopecia is severe when patients are treated with the anthracycline antibiotic, doxorubicin (adriamycin), which is beneficial in many types of cancer (e.g., breast, lung, ovary, sarcomas, lymphomas, and leukemias).1 2 3 4 5 6 In 1973, Luce and his co-workers achieved good protection against doxorubicin-induced alopecia in 12 of 15 patients by means of regional direction of chilled air to the scalp.7 More recently, Edelstyn's group used cryogel packs held on the scalp with . . .
Human Fibroblast Interferon: Amino Acid Analysis and Amino Terminal Amino Acid Sequence (1980)

The purification of human fibroblast interferon has been simplified to a two-step procedure consisting of affinity chromatography on Blue Sepharose and sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrlamide gel electrophoresis. A preliminary amino acid composition and the sequence of the 13 amino-terminal residues of homogeneous interferon prepared by this method is reported.
GRSF-1: a poly(A)+mRNA binding protein which interacts with a conserved G-rich element (1994)

Computer predictions identified similarities to a 14-base G-rich element in numerous mRNAs at a variety of locations. A Northwestern screening strategy was used to obtain a cDNA clone from a HeLa cell library using the G-rich RNA element as a probe. A cellular protein (called GRSF-1), which was encoded by this cDNA, binds RNAs containing the G-rich element. GRSF-1 was distinct from DSEF-1, a nuclear protein we have previously identified that interacts with the G-rich element, based on differences in molecular weight and partial peptide maps, as well as the lack of cross-reactivity with GRSF-1 specific monoclonal antibodies. Using indirect immunofluorescence microscopy, we localized GRSF-1 to the cytoplasm. In vivo UV cross-linking further demonstrated that GRSF-1 was bound to poly(A)+ mRNA in living human cells. Western blot analysis revealed four cytoplasmic proteins which expressed GRSF-1 specific epitopes. GRSF-1 contains three potential RNA recognition motifs and two auxiliary domains. Curiously, the domain organization of GRSF-1 is similar to the RNA binding proteins PUB1, ELAV, HuD, Hel-N1, mcs94-1 and RBP9.
PHYTOCHROME: A Light-activated Molecular Switch that Regulates Plant Gene Expression (1991)

Orthologs and paralogs are two fundamentally different types of homologous genes that evolved, respectively, by vertical descent from a single ancestral gene and by duplication. Orthology and paralogy are key concepts of evolutionary genomics. A ...Read More
Interleukin-13 receptor-targeted cancer therapy in an immunodeficient animal model of human head and neck cancer. (2001)

Although interleukin-13 receptors (IL-13R) are overexpressed on several head and neck cancer cell lines, a majority of cell lines express only low levels of IL-13R. We have found that the primary interleukin-13-binding protein IL-13Ralpha2 chain plays an important role in ligand binding and internalization. We showed that the gene transfer of IL-13Ralpha2 chain into various solid tumor cell lines that express few IL-13Rs can dramatically sensitize cells to the cytotoxic effect of a recombinant chimeric protein composed of interleukin-13 and a mutated form of Pseudomonas exotoxin A, IL13-PE38QQR. Based on the expression of IL-13R, we have classified five head and neck cancer cell lines into two groups: (a) IL-13Ralpha2 chain-positive cell lines (SCC-25 and KCCT873); and (b) IL-13Ralpha2 chain-negative cell lines (A253, YCUT891, and KCCT871). By plasmid-mediated stable gene transfer, we demonstrate that not only IL-13Ralpha2 chain-positive head and neck cancer cell lines but also IL-13Ralpha2 chain-negative cell lines can dramatically increase sensitivity to IL-13 toxin by 520-1000-fold compared with mock-transfected control cells after genetic alteration to express high levels of the IL-13Ralpha2 chain. In animal studies, i.p. or intratumoral administration of IL13-PE38QQR given daily or on alternate days for 3-5 days showed dramatic tumor response with complete remission in intratumorally injected tumors in both IL-13Ralpha2 chain-positive and -negative but transfected with IL-13Ralpha2 chain head and neck tumor implanted s.c. in nude mice. These results demonstrate that by using a combination approach of gene transfer and systemic or locoregional cytotoxin therapy, the IL-13R represents a new potent target for head and neck cancer therapy.
New anti‐HIV agents and targets (2002)

Virtually all the compounds that are currently used or are subject of advanced clinical trials for the treatment of HIV infections, belong to one of the following classes: (i) nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs): i.e., zidovudine, didanosine, zalcitabine, stavudine, lamivudine, abacavir, emtricitabine and nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NtRTIs) (i.e., tenofovir disoproxil fumarate); (ii) non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs): i.e., nevirapine, delavirdine, efavirenz, emivirine; and (iii) protease inhibitors (PIs): i.e., saquinavir, ritonavir, indinavir, nelfinavir, amprenavir, and lopinavir. In addition to the reverse transcriptase and protease reaction, various other events in the HIV replicative cycle can be considered as potential targets for chemotherapeutic intervention: (i) viral adsorption, through binding to the viral envelope glycoprotein gp120 (polysulfates, polysulfonates, polycarboxylates, polyoxometalates, polynucleotides, and negatively charged albumins); (ii) viral entry, through blockade of the viral coreceptors CXCR4 (i.e., bicyclam (AMD3100) derivatives) and CCR5 (i.e., TAK-779 derivatives); (iii) virus-cell fusion, through binding to the viral envelope glycoprotein gp41 (T-20, T-1249); (iv) viral assembly and disassembly, through NCp7 zinc finger-targeted agents [2,2'-dithiobisbenzamides (DIBAs), azadicarbonamide (ADA)]; (v) proviral DNA integration, through integrase inhibitors such as 4-aryl-2,4-dioxobutanoic acid derivatives; (vi) viral mRNA transcription, through inhibitors of the transcription (transactivation) process (flavopiridol, fluoroquinolones). Also, various new NRTIs, NNRTIs, and PIs have been developed that possess, respectively: (i) improved metabolic characteristics (i.e., phosphoramidate and cyclosaligenyl pronucleotides by-passing the first phosphorylation step of the NRTIs), (ii) increased activity ["second" or "third" generation NNRTIs ( i.e., TMC-125, DPC-083)] against those HIV strains that are resistant to the "first" generation NNRTIs, or (iii), as in the case of PIs, a different, modified peptidic (i.e., azapeptidic (atazanavir)) or non-peptidic scaffold (i.e., cyclic urea (mozenavir), 4-hydroxy-2-pyrone (tipranavir)). Non-peptidic PIs may be expected to inhibit HIV mutant strains that have become resistant to peptidomimetic PIs.