gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Mouse Gene for Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (1996)

We describe the genomic organization and functional characterization of the mouse gene encoding vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a polypeptide implicated in embryonic vascular development and postnatal angiogenesis. The coding region for mouse VEGF is interrupted by seven introns and encompasses approximately 14 kilobases. Organization of exons suggests that, similar to the human VEGF gene, alternative splicing generates the 120-, 164-, and 188-amino acid isoforms, but does not predict a fourth VEGF isoform corresponding to human VEGF206. Approximately 1. 2 kilobases of 5'-flanking region have been sequenced, and primer extension analysis identified a single major transcription initiation site, notably lacking TATA or CCAT consensus sequences. The 5'-flanking region is sufficient to promote a 7-fold induction of basal transcription. The genomic region encoding the 3'-untranslated region was determined by Northern and nuclease mapping analysis. Investigation of mRNA sequences responsible for the rapid turnover of VEGF mRNA (mRNA half-life, <1 h) (Shima, D. T. , Deutsch, U., and D'Amore, P. A. (1995) FEBS Lett. 370, 203-208) revealed that the 3'-untranslated region was sufficient to trigger the rapid turnover of a normally long-lived reporter mRNA in vitro. These data and reagents will allow the molecular and genetic analysis of mechanisms that control the developmental and pathological expression of VEGF.
The identification of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor alpha‐independent effects of oleoylethanolamide on intestinal transit in mice (2009)

Oleoylethanolamide (OEA) is an endogenous lipid produced in the intestine that mediates satiety by activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha). OEA inhibits gastric emptying and intestinal motility, but the mechanism of action remains to be determined. We investigated whether OEA inhibits intestinal motility by activation of PPARalpha. PPARalpha immunoreactivity was examined in whole mount preparations of mouse gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The effect of OEA on motility was assessed in wildtype, PPARalpha, cannabinoid CB(1) receptor and CB(2) receptor gene-deficient mice and in a model of accelerated GI transit. In addition, the effect of OEA on motility was assessed in mice injected with the PPARalpha antagonist GW6471, transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 antagonist SB366791 or the glucagon-like peptide 1 antagonist exendin-3(9-39) amide. PPARalpha immunoreactivity was present in neurons in the myenteric and submucosal plexuses throughout the GI tract. OEA inhibited upper GI transit in a dose-dependent manner, but was devoid of an effect on whole gut transit or colonic propulsion. OEA-induced inhibition of motility was still present in PPARalpha, CB(1) and CB(2) receptor gene-deficient mice and in the presence of GW6471, SB366791 and exendin-3(9-39) amide, suggesting neither PPARalpha nor the cannabinoids and other likely receptors are involved in mediating the effects of OEA. OEA blocked stress-induced accelerated upper GI transit at a dose that had no effect on physiological transit. We show that PPARalpha is found in the enteric nervous system, but our results suggest that PPARalpha is not involved in the suppression of motility by OEA.
Generation of radially polarized beams with an image-rotating resonator (2003)

We show how a passive image-rotating optical resonator can be used to convert a linearly polarized, lowest-order Gaussian beam into a radially polarized beam. The image and polarization rotation of the cavity removes the frequency degeneracy of the modes, making it possible to select the radially polarized mode by cavity tuning. With the addition of gain, the same cavity should operate as a radially polarized laser when injection seeded at the proper wavelength.
Primary or Delayed Closure for the Treatment of Poststernotomy Wound Infections? (2004)

Immediate primary closure is associated with a high rate of local infection recurrence. Surgical debridement and conditioning of the wound until resolution of infections with delayed primary closure or plastic reconstruction is suggested as the more appropriate treatment modality, with promising results.
A Time-Of-Flight Depth Sensor - System Description, Issues and Solutions (2005)

This paper describes a CMOS-based time-of-flight depth sensor and presents some experimental data while addressing various issues arising from its use. Our system is a single-chip solution based on a special CMOS pixel structure that can extract phase information from the received light pulses. The sensor chip integrates a 64x64 pixel array with a high-speed clock generator and ADC. A unique advantage of the chip is that it can be manufactured with an ordinary CMOS process. Compared with other types of depth sensors reported in the literature, our solution offers significant advantages, including superior accuracy, high frame rate, cost effectiveness and a drastic reduction in processing required to construct the depth maps. We explain the factors that determine the resolution of our system, discuss various problems that a time-of-flight depth sensor might face, and propose practical solutions.
Coupling texture analysis and physiological modeling for liver dynamic MRI interpretation (2007)

We coupled our physiological model of the liver, to a MRI simulator (SIMRI) in order to find image markers of the tumor growth. Some pathological modifications related to the development of Hepatocellular carcinoma are simulated (flows, permeability, vascular density). Corresponding images simulated at typical acquisition phases (arterial, portal) are compared to real images. The evolution of some textural features with arterial flow is also presented.
Protection against mortality due to Vibrio cholerae infection in infant rabbits caused by immunization of mothers with cholera protective antigen. (1996)

Vaccination of female rabbits with cholera protective antigen (CPA) protected their F1 progeny from lethal challenge with Vibrio cholerae. Protection was determined by the choleragenic score and survival rates. Serum and milk IgG, IgM, IgA titres to CPA, cholera toxin, and LPS were determined. At 8 and 20 weeks post-immunization, mothers' milk, sera, and infants' sera showed elevated CPA-specific IgG and IgA, and infants were protected. Mothers' serum and milk antibody remained elevated for 36 weeks. At 26 weeks, mothers were re-bred, but their progeny were swapped and cross-fed. Infants born to the placebo-vaccinated mothers and nursed by CPA-immune nannies were partially protected from challenge. Infants born to CPA-immune mothers and cross-fed by the placebo-vaccinated nannies were less protected. CPA stimulated both transplacental and milk antibody, but passive immunity was primarily milk-derived. A 36-week booster vaccine stimulated an anamnestic serological response that did not provide protection equivalent to the original vaccine. CPA provided partial protective immunity to the milk-fed infant rabbits that suggests that CPA may be important in the development of a cholera vaccine.
Effect of carrier selection on immunogenicity of protein conjugate vaccines against Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoites (1988)

Conjugate vaccines against the sporozoite stage of Plasmodium falciparum were synthesized by covalently coupling the recombinant protein R32 [with the one-letter amino acid code of MDP-[(NANP)15NVDP]2LR] to tetanus toxoid, cholera toxin, choleragenoid, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa toxin A. Conjugates were produced by using adipic acid dihydrazide as a spacer molecule and carbodiimide as a coupling agent. The molar ratio of R32 to carrier protein ranged from 2.5:1 to 8.4:1. These conjugates were found to be stable, nontoxic, and nonpyrogenic. When adsorbed onto Al(OH)3, all conjugates were capable of inducing anti-R32 antibody. Conjugates made with either cholera toxin or Pseudomonas aeruginosa toxin A were significantly more immunogenic than those constructed with tetanus toxoid or choleragenoid. However, the magnitude of the immune response to the R32 moiety was not governed by the antibody response to the carrier protein.
Advances in Small Bowel Transplantation (2016)

&lt;p lang="en-US" align="JUSTIFY"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #000000;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"&gt;Small bowel transplantation (SBT) is a life saver procedure in patients with intestinal failure. The biggest obstacle to intestinal transplantation is graft rejection. It is the main factor in morbidity and mortality. Rejection has a negative impact on survival of the graft. The acute rejection occurs in 50-75% and the chronic rejection occurs in 15% of the patients.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align="JUSTIFY"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #000000;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"&gt;&lt;span lang="en-US"&gt;Immune monitoring is crucial after SBT. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="color: #000000;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"&gt;&lt;span lang="en-US"&gt;Unlike other types of transplantation, the intestine lacks a reliable and minimally invasive marker to predict rejection. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="color: #000000;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"&gt;&lt;span lang="en-US"&gt;The diagnosis of acute rejection is performed by clinical, endoscopic and pathologic anatomy. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="color: #000000;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"&gt;&lt;span lang="en-US"&gt;Protocol biopsies and histological analysis remain the gold standard for allograft monitoring, but neither is free of complications, especially in smaller grafts. Up to 30% of biopsies are nondiagnostic and multiple biopsies may be required to exclude rejection. So,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="color: #000000;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"&gt;&lt;span lang="en-US"&gt; ancillary assays are increasingly used in SBT such as measurements of citrulline and calprotectine in the blood, cytofluorographic analysis of peripheral immune cell population, cytokine profiling and the quantitation of distinct gene set changes. Developments in understanding of genes provide promise that limited gene sets, taken from blood or from intestinal biopsies, will enhance pathological diagnosis. B&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="color: #000000;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"&gt;&lt;span lang="en-US"&gt;one marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation with SBT and tissue engineering are promising procedures.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p lang="en-US" align="JUSTIFY"&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align="JUSTIFY"&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align="JUSTIFY"&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p lang="en-US" align="JUSTIFY"&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p lang="en-US"&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p lang="en-US"&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p lang="en-US"&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p lang="en-US"&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p lang="en-US"&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p lang="en-US"&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p lang="en-US"&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p lang="en-US"&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p lang="en-US"&gt; &lt;/p&gt;
Investigating Deep Phylogenetic Relationships among Cyanobacteria and Plastids by Small Subunit rRNA Sequence Analysis1 (1999)

Small subunit rRNA sequence data were generated for 27 strains of cyanobacteria and incorporated into a phylogenetic analysis of 1,377 aligned sequence positions from a diverse sampling of 53 cyanobacteria and 10 photosynthetic plastids. Tree inference was carried out using a maximum likelihood method with correction for site-to-site variation in evolutionary rate. Confidence in the inferred phylogenetic relationships was determined by construction of a majority-rule consensus tree based on alternative topologies not considered to be statistically significantly different from the optimal tree. The results are in agreement with earlier studies in the assignment of individual taxa to specific sequence groups. Several relationships not previously noted among sequence groups are indicated, whereas other relationships previously supported are contradicted. All plastids cluster as a strongly supported monophyletic group arising near the root of the cyanobacterial line of descent.
Gene Transfer into the CNS Using Recombinant Adeno-associated Virus: Analysis of Vector DNA Forms Resulting in Sustained Expression (1999)

Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vectors have shown significant promise as vehicles for in vivo gene transfer, particularly for transduction of organs composed primarily of non-dividing cells (i.e., muscle, CNS, and liver). However, the mechanistic basis for this desirable property remains unclear. To investigate the fate of rAAV genomes in mouse brain, we stereotactically injected an rAAV vector carrying the E. coli lacZ gene into the caudate of BALB/c mice and demonstrate efficient transduction of mouse brain cells that possess cellular morphology consistent with post-mitotic neurons. We observed a significant increase in beta-galactosidase expression from 5 to 56 days after injection that paralleled the disappearance of single-stranded DNA input genomes. Analysis of in vivo viral DNA forms over time out to 5 months after inoculation revealed that rAAV genomes associated with high molecular weight mouse chromosomal DNA by 14 days after injection and persisted for the length of this study. The pattern of Southern hybridization was consistent with random viral integration in predominantly head-to-tail concatameric arrays. Importantly, we also documented an additional DNA species that appears to be a monomeric episomal circular form based on nuclease sensitivity assays. These data are the first to document the existence of multiple vector DNA forms present within the adult murine brain following direct rAAV inoculation and therefore, provide insight into the molecular events that ultimately result in long-term rAAV mediated transgene expression.
Controlling queue delay (2012)

A modern AQM is just one piece of the solution to bufferbloat.
Intermodulation in capacitively coupled microelectromechanical filters (2005)

A compact model for third-order intermodulation in capacitively coupled microelectromechanical filters is derived. A simple expression for the input third-order intercept point is given. This is valuable in designing micromechanical filters, for example, for communication applications. The validity of the analytic model is verified with numerical harmonic-balance simulations and experimental measurements.
Melon-Powdery Mildew Interactions Reveal Variation in Melon Cultigens and Podosphaera xanthii Races 1 and 2 (2006)

Powdery mildew is a serious disease of melon ( Cucumis melo L.) worldwide. Twenty-two melon cultigens have been used to define 22 reported races of the pathogen Podosphaera xanthii (sect. Sphaerotheca ) xanthii (Castag.) U. Braun &amp; N. Shish. Comb. nov. [syn. Sphaerotheca fuliginea (Schlecht. ex Fr.) Poll.]. Discrepancies in the reactions of eight cultigens to populations of P. xanthii races 1 and 2 in California, Japan, and Spain revealed genetic differences among them that can be used to differentiate P. xanthii race 1 and 2 populations in these countries. Implicit in these results is the existence of previously unknown virulence factors in these populations of P. xanthii races 1 and 2 that permit designation of new races of P. xanthii on melon. Synthesis of these results with previous reports resulted in the identification of 28 putative races of P. xanthii on melon that include eight variants of race 1 and six variants of race 2. Six of the cultigens exhibited resistant blisters in response to heavy infection by P. xanthii in field and greenhouse tests.
Non-coherent photonic frequency-multiplexed access networks (1989)

Noncoherent WDMA/FDMA (wavelength-division multiaccess/frequency-division multiaccess) networks that use tunable filters to select channels are considered. They have the same sensitivity as direct-detection networks, which is about 10 dB less than coherent networks. However, the noncoherent networks are much less complicated, which makes them interesting for multiaccess applications, where cost is more important than sensitivity. The direct-detection sensitivity is sufficient to allow as many as 1000 channels. Some recent research network experiments and progress on essential components for realizing noncoherent FDMA networks are reviewed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Intermolecular V(D)J Recombination (2000)

V(D)J recombination plays a prominent role in the generation of the antigen receptor repertoires of B and T lymphocytes. It is also likely to be involved in the formation of chromosomal translocations, some of which may result from interchromosomal recombination. We have investigated the potential of the V(D)J recombination machinery to perform intermolecular recombination between two plasmids, either unlinked or linked by catenation. In either case, recombination occurs in trans to yield signal and coding joints, and the results do not support the existence of a mechanistic block to the formation of coding joints in trans. Instead, we observe that linearization of the substrate, which does not alter the cis or trans status of the recombination signals, causes a specific and dramatic reduction in coding joint formation. This unexpected result leads us to propose a "release and recapture" model for V(D)J recombination in which coding ends are frequently released from the postcleavage complex and the efficiency of coding joint formation is influenced by the efficiency with which such ends are recaptured by the complex. This implies the existence of mechanisms, operative during recombination of chromosomal substrates, that act to prevent coding end release or to facilitate coding end recapture.
Substituted phenylthiophenylamines with antiinflammatory activity. (1990)

Several acid and closely related non acid derivatives of 2-phenylthio- and 4-phenylthio-N-acyl phenylamines have been synthesized and tested in vivo, on the carrageenan RFE assay, and in vitro, on prostaglandin synthesis inhibition assay. Compound (XV c), bearing a propanoic acid substituent together with a p-chlorobenzoyl group situated on nitrogen atom in the 2-position, showed a 79% edema reduction (300 mg/kg p.o.) 6 hours after carrageenan injection, but no activity in vitro. The benzyl alcohols (XIV m) and (XIV n), on the contrary, inhibited PG synthesis; their lack of activity in vivo could be interpreted as the result of their oxidation to the inactive benzoic acids (XIV g) and (XIV h).
Specifying runtime environments and functionalities of downloadable components under the sandbox model (2002)

We propose a specification of both runtime environments and software components which can be loaded not only from your local system but also from the other systems over the computer network. Because components from the other system are not always reliable or safe enough to act freely in your own system, you should limit their activities to a certain context. Such assumption is based on the sandbox security model. As such components are largely influenced by the runtime environments, users sometimes lose sight of the abilities and limitations of such components. Therefore, they fail to reuse the components in the right way. We provide a way to specify such properties, so that component users can precisely understand the abilities and limitations.
Self-assembly of molecular superstructures studied by in situ scanning tunneling microscopy: DNA bases on gold (111) (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSelf-assembly of molecular superstructures studied by in situ scanning tunneling microscopy: DNA bases on gold (111)N. J. Tao, J. A. DeRose, and S. M. LindsayCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1993, 97, 4, 910–919Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100106a017https://doi.org/10.1021/j100106a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1106Altmetric-Citations233LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Oxidative degradation of aromatic hydrocarbons by microorganisms. II. Metabolism of halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxidative degradation of aromatic hydrocarbons by microorganisms. II. Metabolism of halogenated aromatic hydrocarbonsDavid T. Gibson, J. R. Koch, Clare L. Schuld, and Reino E. KallioCite this: Biochemistry 1968, 7, 11, 3795–3802Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00851a003https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00851a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views748Altmetric-Citations180LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts