gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PHYTOCHROMESCONTROLPHOTOMORPHOGENESIS BYDIFFERENTIALLYREGULATED, INTERACTINGSIGNALINGPATHWAYS INHIGHERPLANTS (2002)

In this review the kinetic properties of both phytochrome A and B measured by in vivo spectroscopy in Arabidopsis are described. Inactivation of phyA is mediated by destruction and that of phyB by fast dark reversion. Recent observations, describing a complex interaction network of various phytochromes and cryptochromes, are also discussed. The review describes recent analysis of light-dependent nuclear translocation of phytochromes and genetic and molecular dissection of phyA- and phyB-mediated signal transduction. After nuclear transport, both phyA- and phyB-mediated signal transduction probably include the formation of light-dependent transcriptional complexes. Although this hypothesis is quite attractive and probably true for some responses, it cannot account for the complex network of phyA-mediated signaling and the interaction with the circadian clock. In addition, the biological function of phytochromes localized in the cytosol remains to be elucidated.
Tubulins from different higher plant species are immunologically nonidentical and bind colchicine differentially (1984)

We have initiated immunological and drug-binding studies on the tubulins from different higher plant species. Antibodies were raised against electrophoretically separated rose (Rosa sp.) tubulin alpha- and beta-subunits and characterized by immunoblot autoradiographic assays. Each IgG preparation bound to its antigen and cross-reacted differentially with the respective tubulin subunits from an alga, sea urchin, rabbit, and cow. Antigenic determinants were shared more among the beta-subunits than among the alpha-subunits from these organisms. Tubulins were isolated from cultured cells of carrot (Daucus carota) and hibiscus (Hibiscus rosa-senensis). Immunoautoradiography and quantitation of cross-reactivity on blots showed nonidentity among homologous subunits from rose, carrot, hibiscus, and alga tubulins, with more antigenic differences among alpha-subunits than among beta-subunits. Comparative colchicine-binding assays showed that rose and hibiscus tubulins bound 33% and 65%, respectively, of the colchicine bound by carrot tubulin and that higher plant tubulins bound much less colchicine than bovine brain tubulin under identical conditions.
Human CUL-1 associates with the SKP1/SKP2 complex and regulates p21 CIP1/WAF1 and cyclin D proteins (1998)

Deregulation of cell proliferation is a hallmark of cancer. In many transformed cells, the cyclin A/CDK2 complex that contains S-phase kinase associated proteins 1 and 2 (SKP1 and SKP2) is highly induced. To determine the roles of this complex in the cell cycle regulation and transformation, we have examined the composition of this complex. We report here that this complex contained an additional protein, human CUL-1, a member of the cullin/CDC53 family. The identification of CUL-1 as a member of the complex raises the possibility that the p19(SKP1)/p45(SKP2)/CUL-1 complex may function as the yeast SKP1-CDC53-F-box (SCF) protein complex that acts as a ubiquitin E3 ligase to regulate the G1/S transition. In mammalian cells, cyclin D, p21(CIP1/WAF1), and p27(KIP1) are short-lived proteins that are controlled by ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis. To determine the potential in vivo targets of the p19(SKP1)/p45(SKP2)/CUL-1 complex, we have used the specific antisense oligodeoxynucleotides against either SKP1, SKP2, or CUL-1 RNA to inhibit their expression. Treatment of cells with these oligonucleotides caused the selective accumulation of p21 and cyclin D proteins. The protein level of p27 was not affected. These data suggest that the human p19(SKP1)/p45(SKP2)/CUL-1 complex is likely to function as an E3 ligase to selectively target cyclin D and p21 for the ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation. Aberrant expression of human p19(SKP1)/p45(SKP2)/CUL-1 complex thus may contribute to tumorigenesis by regulating the protein levels of G1 cell cycle regulators.
Modification of the binding affinity of peptide nucleic acids (PNA). PNA with extended backbones consisting of 2-aminoethyl-β-alanine or 3-aminopropylglycine units (1993)

B. Hyrup, M. Egholm, M. Rolland, P. E. Nielsen, R. H. Berg and O. Buchardt, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1993, 518 DOI: 10.1039/C39930000518
Surface Properties in Relation to Atelectasis and Hyaline Membrane Disease (1959)

Recent observations suggest that a low surface tension may be an important attribute of the lining of the air passages of the lung.<sup>1-4</sup>The purpose of this paper is to present evidence that the material responsible for such a low surface tension is absent in the lungs of infants under 1,100-1,200 gm. and in those dying with hyaline membrane disease. The role of this deficiency in the pathogenesis of the disease is considered. Surface tension operates so as to minimize the area of the surface. In the lungs, where the internal surface (the alveolar lining) is curved concave to the airway, the tendency of the surface to become smaller promotes collapse. Although the forces not only of surface tension but also of the elastic tissue tend to collapse the lungs, their behavior differs in one important respect. When the lung contains only a small volume of air, the elastic
[Role of nitric oxide in the erectile mechanism]. (1993)

Nitric oxide has been identified as an Endothelium-Derived Relaxing Factor (EDRF). Non adrenergic-non cholinergic nerves synthesise and release nitric oxide, thus modulating the arterial tone. Nitric oxide synthase exists either as a constitutive enzyme in many cell types and as an inducible form expressed under immunological stimulation. Nitric oxide is also involved in the non adrenergic-non cholinergic neurotransmission that leads to smooth muscle relaxation in the corpus cavernosum. Similarly nitric oxide induces reduction of cytosolic free Ca++ as a result of activation of the soluble form of guanylyl cyclase. VIP and nitric oxide may function as co-transmitters. Relaxation of the corpus cavernosum is blocked by methylene blue which inhibits cyclic GMP synthesis; so, high flow priapism refractory to medical and surgical treatments can be managed successfully by intracavernous methylene blue. Moreover it is suggested that enhanced alpha 1-adrenergic mediated constrictor tone and penile flaccidity in diabetic men may respond to exogenous generators of nitric oxide. We postulate that relaxation of the corpus cavernosum, started by nitric oxide in response to non adrenergic-non cholinergic neurotransmission, could be amplified and maintained by nitric oxide production as a result of platelet trapping in the corpus cavernosum during the first phase of the penile erection.
A maximum likelihood framework for determining moving edges (1989)

The determination of moving edges in an image sequence is discussed. An approach is proposed that relies on modeling principles and likely hypothesis testing techniques. A spatiotemporal edge in an image sequence is modeled as a surface patch in a 3-D spatiotemporal space. A likelihood ratio test enables its detection as well as simultaneous estimation of its related attributes. It is shown that the computation of this test leads to convolving the image sequence with a set of predetermined masks. The emphasis is on a restricted but widely relevant and useful case of surface patch, namely the planar one. In addition, an implementation of the procedure whose computation cost is merely equivalent to a spatial gradient operator is presented. This method can be of interest for motion-analysis schemes, not only for supplying spatiotemporal segmentation, but also for extracting local motion information. Moreover, it can cope with occlusion contours and important displacement magnitude. Experiments have been carried out with both synthetic and real images.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Properties of cellulolytic enzyme systems (1985)

Conference Article| April 01 1985 Properties of cellulolytic enzyme systems THOMAS M. WOOD THOMAS M. WOOD 1Department of Microbial Biochemistry, Rowett Research Institute, Bucksburn, Aberdeen AB2 9SB, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1985) 13 (2): 407–410. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0130407 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation THOMAS M. WOOD; Properties of cellulolytic enzyme systems. Biochem Soc Trans 1 April 1985; 13 (2): 407–410. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0130407 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1985 Biochemical Society1985 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Structural changes in collagen. 2. Enhanced solubility of bovine collagen: reactions with hydrogen peroxide and some properties of soluble eucollagen (1961)

Research Article| November 01 1961 Structural changes in collagen. 2. Enhanced solubility of bovine collagen: reactions with hydrogen peroxide and some properties of soluble eucollagen A COURTS A COURTS Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1961) 81 (2): 356–365. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0810356 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share MailTo Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation A COURTS; Structural changes in collagen. 2. Enhanced solubility of bovine collagen: reactions with hydrogen peroxide and some properties of soluble eucollagen. Biochem J 1 November 1961; 81 (2): 356–365. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0810356 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1961 The Biochemical Society1961 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Trajectory tracking control of a car-trailer system (1997)

This paper presents the experimental results of the tracking control of a car-trailer system. The proposed scheme involves three steps: 1) generate a path off-line using a path space iterative algorithm; 2) linearize the kinematic model about a trajectory which is constructed using the path; and 3) apply a time-varying linear quadratic regulator to track the trajectory. Experiments presented include parallel parking a car, docking a tractor-trailer vehicle, and parallel parking a double tractor-trailer vehicle.
Comprehensive genome and transcriptome analysis of the 11q13 amplicon in human oral cancer and synteny to the 7F5 amplicon in murine oral carcinoma (2006)

11q13 amplification occurs in a wide variety of tumors, including almost half of oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) where it has been correlated with a poor outcome. In this study, we compiled 3.6 Mb of DNA sequence in the 11q13 amplicon core and refined the physical map of the amplicon. In the process, we determined the genomic structure and normal tissue expression patterns of two recently identified genes, TAOS2/TMEM16A and MRGF, which reside in the amplicon core. We then quantified DNA copy number and mRNA expression of all genes in the 11q13 amplicon in cell lines and primary tumors from OSCC. With the exception of FGF3, FGF4, FGF19, and MRGF, all genes were overexpressed in most tumors with genomic amplification. Furthermore, we found that the expression of genes in the amplicon appeared to be highly coordinated, making it difficult to determine which gene or genes are driving amplification. However, in nonamplified primary tumors, three genes, TAOS2/TMEM16A, OCIM, and TPCN2, are frequently overexpressed, whereas CCND1 and EMS1 are not. These results suggest that in addition to CCND1 and EMS1, other important genes also may be target genes driving 11q13 amplification. We hypothesize that 11q13 amplification may be driven by a cassette of genes that provide growth or metastatic advantage to cancer cells. This is supported by the finding that the human 11q13 amplicon core is syntenic to mouse chromosomal band 7F5, which is frequently amplified in chemically induced murine OSCC. This article contains Supplementary Material available at http://www.interscience.wiley.com/jpages/1045-2257/suppmat
Kinetic Assessment of Alternative Complement Pathway Activity in a Hemolytic System. I. Experimental and Mathematical Analyses (1978)

Abstract In “Kinetic Assessment of Alternative Complement Pathway Activity in a Hemolytic System. I. Experimental and Mathematical Analyses” by Rutherford B. Polhill, Jr., Kenneth M. Pruitt, and Richard B. Johnston, Jr., in the July issue of the Journal of Immunology, Volume 121, Number 1, page 364, the horizontal axis in Figure 1 should be labeled “2, 4, 6, 8, …” instead of “1, 2, 3, 4, …” On page 366, equation 1 should read: On page 368, the cell concentrations given in the second paragraph of the first column should be multiplied by 2. The result of this change is to double the maximum lytic velocity for the alternative pathway. Thus, the 12th line of paragraph 2 should be changed to read “25-fold” instead of “50-fold.” The same change should be made in the 5th line from the bottom of the Abstract on page 363.
The clinical pharmacology of naltrexone: pharmacology and pharmacodynamics. (1981)

The time-action of opiate antagonist activity of naltrexone was evaluated in detoxified ex-opiate addicts, using 25 mg intravenous heroin challenges. A 100 mg naltrexone dose provided 96% blockade at 24 hr, 86.5% blockade at 48 hr and 46.6% blockade at 72 hr. Following oral administration, naltrexone was rapidly and completely absorbed. Peak levels of naltrexone and its major metabolite 6 beta-naltrexol were reached 1 hr after the dose. The high 6 beta-naltrexol plasma concentrations only 1 hr after drug administration indicate a rapid biotransformation process, converting a large fraction of the dose to less active metabolites. Over 70% of the dose was excreted in the 24 hr urine and less than 0.5% in the feces. No change was observed in the rate of naltrexone disposition during chronic dosing vs. the acute study, indicating no metabolic induction. The rapid achievement of steady state naltrexone plasma levels eliminates the need of stepwise induction at the beginning of naltrexone treatment.
Light harvesting tetrafullerene nanoarray for organic solar cells (2005)

A light absorbing pi-conjugated oligomer-tetrafullerene nanoarray has been synthesized and its photophysical study reveals the presence of an intramolecular energy transfer. A phototovoltaic device fabricated from this nanoarray and poly(3-hexylthiophene) shows an external quantum efficiency of 15% at 500 nm.
Prospects for Immunotoxin Therapy in Cancer (1986)

Immunotoxins are formed by chemically linking antibodies to "toxic" polypeptides that inactivate protein synthesis. These hybrid protein molecules are guided to tumor cells by the antibody moiety, and once bound to the tumor cells, the toxic polypeptide moiety penetrates the cell membrane and enzymatically inactivates protein synthesis. A stepwise approach to identifying the potential clinical uses of immunotoxins in cancer therapy is examined in this chapter.
Acetyl-L-Carnitine in Alzheimer Disease (1995)

Acetyl-L-carnitine (ALCAR) is a drug currently under investigation for Alzheimer disease (AD) therapy. ALCAR seems to exert a number of central nervous system (CNS)-related effects, even though a clear pharmacological action that could explain clinical results in AD has not been identified yet. The aim of this study was to determine cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma biological correlates of ALCAR effects in AD after a short-term, high-dose, intravenous, open treatment. Results show that ALCAR CSF levels achieved under treatment were significantly higher than the ones at baseline, reflecting a good penetration through the blood-brain barrier and thus a direct CNS challenge. ALCAR treatment produced no apparent change on CSF classic neurotransmitters and their metabolite levels (homovanillic acid, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, MHPG, dopamine, choline). Among CSF peptides, while corticotropin-releasing hormone and adrenocorticotropic hormone remained unchanged, beta-endorphins significantly decreased after treatment; plasma cortisol levels matched this reduction. Since both CSF beta-endorphins and plasma cortisol decreased, one possible explanation is that ALCAR reduced the AD-dependent hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis hyperactivity. At present, no clear explanation can be proposed for the specific mechanism of this action.
Personalizing blood pressure management in septic shock (2015)

This review examines the available evidence for targeting a specific mean arterial pressure (MAP) in sepsis resuscitation. The clinical data suggest that targeting an MAP of 65-70 mmHg in patients with septic shock who do not have chronic hypertension is a reasonable first approximation. Whereas in patients with chronic hypertension, targeting a higher MAP of 80-85 mmHg minimizes renal injury, but it comes with increased risk of arrhythmias. Importantly, MAP alone should not be used as a surrogate of organ perfusion pressure, especially under conditions in which intracranial, intra-abdominal or tissue pressures may be elevated. Organ-specific perfusion pressure targets include 50-70 mmHg for the brain based on trauma brain injury as a surrogate for sepsis, 65 mmHg for renal perfusion and >50 mmHg for hepato-splanchnic flow. Even at the same MAP, organs and regions within organs may have different perfusion pressure and pressure-flow relationships. Thus, once this initial MAP target is achieved, MAP should be titrated up or down based on the measures of organ function and tissue perfusion.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of Methyl 2‐Formylfuro(3,2‐b)pyrrole‐5‐carboxylates (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Opposing Roles of CD28:B7 and CTLA-4:B7 Pathways in Regulating In Vivo Alloresponses in Murine Recipients of MHC Disparate T Cells (1999)

Blockade with B7 antagonists interferes with CD28:B7 and CTLA-4:B7 interactions, which may have opposing effects. We have examined the roles of CD28:B7 and CTLA-4:B7 on in vivo alloresponses. A critical role of B7:CD28 was demonstrated by markedly compromised expansion of CD28-deficient T cells and diminished graft-versus-host disease lethality of limited numbers of purified CD4+ or CD8+ T cells. When high numbers of T cells were infused, the requirement for CD28:B7 interaction was lessened. In lethally irradiated recipients, anti-CTLA-4 mAb enhanced in vivo donor T cell expansion, but did not affect, on a per cell basis, anti-host proliferative or CTL responses of donor T cells. Graft-versus-host lethality was accelerated by anti-CTLA-4 mAb infusion given early post-bone marrow transplantation (BMT), mostly in a CD28-dependent fashion. Donor T cells obtained from anti-CTLA-4 mAb-treated recipients were skewed toward a Th2 phenotype. Enhanced T cell expansion in mAb-treated recipients was strikingly advantageous in the graft-versus-leukemia effects of delayed donor lymphocyte infusion. In two different systems, anti-CTLA-4 mAb enhanced the rejection of allogeneic T cell-depleted marrow infused into sublethally irradiated recipients. We conclude that blockade of the selective CD28-B7 interactions early post-BMT, which preserve CTLA-4:B7 interactions, would be preferable to blocking both pathways. For later post-BMT, the selective blockade of CTLA-4:B7 interactions provides a potent and previously unidentified means for augmenting the GVL effect of delayed donor lymphocyte infusion.
Experiences with an inbuilding location tracking system: Uhuru (2004)

The increasing functionality that handheld devices have come to incorporate at lower prices make them powerful candidates for various kinds of location-aware systems and services. In this work, we describe the innards of Uhuru, an RF based in-building location tracking system that we have developed and deployed on a mobile device. Our work seeks to build upon and extend previous work in this field, providing proof of concept for location information on multiple floors in a building. We outline a history monitoring algorithm that we have devised to improve the accuracy of the system and introduce a new metric of 'Survivability', which measures the ability of history-based location tracking schemes to be able to display location information consistently. We also discuss details of a heuristic that can be used for the placement of wireless base stations to improve the delivered accuracy.
Allelic variation in the mouse Tap-1 and Tap-2 transporter genes (1997)

The TAP1 and TAP2 proteins form a heterodimer that transports short peptides from the cytosol into the endoplasmic reticulum lumen. Extensive allelic polymorphism of the rat TAP transporter has been shown to affect the repertoire of peptides presented by MHC class I molecules. Structural polymorphism in the human TAP genes is much more limited and has not been observed to have functional consequences. We have examined the polymorphism in mouse TAP1 and TAP2 in inbred mice. While the number of polymorphic positions in these molecules is more similar to that in human than to that in the rat, all strains examined have a structurally unique TAP transporter, suggesting the possibility of functional polymorphism. Furthermore, allelic variations in the mouse transporter are predominantly located in or adjacent to membrane-spanning domains, although no significant bias in the ratio of nonsynonymous to synonymous substitutions is observed. We also report that mouse TAP1 begins 172 amino acids upstream of the previously published start site and report the genomic organization of mouse Tap-1 and Tap-2.
Targeted gene replacement demonstrates that myristoyl-CoA: protein N-myristoyltransferase is essential for viability of Cryptococcus neoformans. (1994)

Cryptococcus neoformans is a major cause of systemic fungal infection in immunocompromised patients. Myristoyl-CoA:protein N-myristoyltransferase (Nmt) catalyzes the transfer of myristate (C14:0) from myristoyl-CoA to the N-terminal glycine of a subset of cellular proteins produced during vegetative growth of C. neoformans. A Gly487-->Asp mutation was introduced into C. neoformans NMT by targeted gene replacement. The resulting strains are temperature-sensitive myristic acid auxotrophs. They are killed at 37 degrees C when placed in medium lacking myristate and, in an immunosuppressed animal model of cryptococcal meningitis, are completely eliminated from the subarachnoid space within 12 days of initial infection. C. neoformans and human Nmts exhibit differences in their peptide substrate specificities. These differences can be exploited to develop a new class of fungicidal drugs.