gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Self-Assembly of Protein Monolayers Engineered for Improved Monoclonal Immunoglobulin G Binding (2011)

Bacterial outer membrane proteins, along with a filling lipid molecule can be modified to form stable self-assembled monolayers on gold. The transmembrane domain of Escherichia coli outer membrane protein A has been engineered to create a scaffold protein to which functional motifs can be fused. In earlier work we described the assembly and structure of an antibody-binding array where the Z domain of Staphylococcus aureus protein A was fused to the scaffold protein. Whilst the binding of rabbit polyclonal immunoglobulin G (IgG) to the array is very strong, mouse monoclonal IgG dissociates from the array easily. This is a problem since many immunodiagnostic tests rely upon the use of mouse monoclonal antibodies. Here we describe a strategy to develop an antibody-binding array that will bind mouse monoclonal IgG with lowered dissociation from the array. A novel protein consisting of the scaffold protein fused to two pairs of Z domains separated by a long flexible linker was manufactured. Using surface plasmon resonance the self-assembly of the new protein on gold and the improved binding of mouse monoclonal IgG were demonstrated.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF α‐AMINO‐1‐ADAMANTYLACETIC AND α‐AMINO‐2‐ADAMANTYLACETIC ACID (1976)

Abstract Die Titelverbindung (II) wurde 1. durch Bromierung der Säure (Ia) und Umsetzung des Derivats (Ib) mit flüssigem Ammoniak, 2. durch Reaktion des Esters (IV) mit Hydrazin zu (V), dessen Umlagerung nach Curtius zu den Alkylverbindungen (VI), deren Umsetzung mit HBr und nachfolgende Hydrolyse oder 3. durch Hofmannschen Abbau des aus dem Ester (IV) durch Hydrolyse und anschließende Behandlung mit H 2 O 2 erhaltenen Säureamids (III) dargestellt.
Video-based gesture interface to interactive movies (1998)

Article Video-based gesture interface to interactive movies Share on Authors: Jakub Segen Bell Laboratories Bell LaboratoriesView Profile , Senthil Kumar Bell Laboratories Bell LaboratoriesView Profile Authors Info & Claims MULTIMEDIA '98: Proceedings of the sixth ACM international conference on Multimedia: Technologies for interactive moviesSeptember 1998 Pages 39–42https://doi.org/10.1145/306774.306786Published:01 September 1998 3citation472DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations3Total Downloads472Last 12 Months4Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
The Eventful Life of Vincente de Paul Andrade (2001)

Vincente de Paul Andrade played a major role in the controversy over the historical authenticity of the apparitions of Guadalupe. His family was responsible for bringing the Vincentians and the Daughters of Charity to Mexico. The work and problems of the Mexican province are described. Andrade was a member of the Congregation for seventeen years, but during much of that time he lived apart from the community in his own house. His conflicted career is recounted. Joaquin Garcia Icazbalceta, one of Mexico’s greatest historians, wrote a confidential “summary of the principle difficulties in the apparition tradition.” Andrade essentially stole a copy of it, translated it into Latin, and sent it to all the members of the Congregation of Rites, as well as other influential officials in Rome. He also published the Montufar-Bustamente interrogatory of 1556. All of this was to prevent a coronation of the image and the approval of a new office and mass for the feast. Even after the coronation, Andrade continued to publish antiguadalupan writings.
Polyester covers protect vegetables from whiteflies and virus disease (1985)

Spun-bonded polyester row covers kept whitefly from squash plants, protecting them from viruses.
When women hurt in mind and body: Managing depression and physical symptoms (2004)

It is estimated that depression will become the second most disabling condition worldwide by the year 2020. Overcoming some of the challenges of global epidemiology, studies worldwide have shown that women are affected by depression at twice the rate of men, with earlier age of onset and higher rates of hospitalization. Depression in young women can cause failure during critical life transitions, such as occupational advancement and child rearing, which has a cascading effect on the severity and chronic course of depression. This is compounded by the fact that speed of initial treatment contact is inversely related to age. Depression in both men and women is a treatable condition that may be ameliorated if detected and addressed at early onset. Physicians must be aware that while emotional symptoms are usually the focus of the diagnosis and treatment of depression, many depressed patients present only with physical symptoms. New evidence suggests a common neurochemical pathway for the physical symptoms in depression, which implicates both serotonin and norepinephrine dysregulation. Dual reuptake inhibitors may have advantages over selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and tricyclic antidepressants in achieving a more robust response and complete remission of depression.
A Model of Spatial Map Formation in the Hippocampus of the Rat (1996)

Using experimental facts about long-term potentiation (LTP) and hippocampal place cells, we model how a spatial map of the environment can be created in the rat hippocampus. Sequential firing of place cells during exploration induces, in the model, a pattern of LTP between place cells that shifts the location coded by their ensemble activity away from the actual location of the animal. These shifts provide a navigational map that, in a simulation of the Morris maze, can guide the animal toward its goal. The model demonstrates how behaviorally generated modifications of synaptic strengths can be read out to affect subsequent behavior. Our results also suggest a way that navigational maps can be constructed from experimental recordings of hippocampal place cells.
Characterization of human scalp hairs by optical low-coherence reflectometry (1995)

Optical low-coherence reflectometry is used to investigate the internal structure and optical properties of human scalp hair. Regardless of hair color, the refractive index of the cortical region remains within the range of 1.56-1.59. The amplitude of the backscattered infrared light coupled into different-colored hair confirms the relative melanin content. Discontinuities in the refractive index permit identification of distinct structural layers within the hair shaft.
Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of PTC124, a Nonaminoglycoside Nonsense Mutation Suppressor, Following Single‐ and Multiple‐Dose Administration to Healthy Male and Female Adult Volunteers (2007)

Nonsense (premature stop codon) mutations are causative in 5% to 15% of patients with monogenetic inherited disorders. PTC124, a 284-Dalton 1,2,4-oxadiazole, promotes ribosomal readthrough of premature stop codons in mRNA and offers therapeutic potential for multiple genetic diseases. The authors conducted 2 phase I studies of PTC124 in 62 healthy adult volunteers. The initial, single-dose study evaluated doses of 3 to 200 mg/kg and assessed fed-fasting status on pharmacokinetics following a dose of 50 mg/kg. The subsequent multiple-dose study evaluated doses from 10 to 50 mg/kg/dose twice per day (bid) for up to 14 days. PTC124 administered orally as a liquid suspension was palatable and well tolerated through single doses of 100 mg/kg. At 150 and 200 mg/kg, PTC124 induced mild headache, dizziness, and gastrointestinal events. With repeated doses through 50 mg/kg/dose bid, reversible transaminase elevations <2 times the upper limit of normal were sometimes observed. Immunoblot analyses of peripheral blood mononuclear cell extracts revealed no protein elongation due to nonspecific ribosomal readthrough of normal stop codons. PTC124 plasma concentrations exceeding the 2- to 10-microg/mL values associated with activity in preclinical genetic disease models were safely achieved. No sex-related differences in pharmacokinetics were seen. No drug accumulation with repeated dosing was apparent. Diurnal variation was observed, with greater PTC124 exposures after evening doses. PTC124 excretion in the urine was <2%. PTC124 pharmacokinetics were described by a 1-compartment model. Collectively, the data support initiation of phase II studies of PTC124 in patients with nonsense mutation-mediated cystic fibrosis and Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
Phototriggering of Cell Adhesion by Caged Cyclic RGD Peptides (2008)

Restrained potential: A caged cyclic peptide attached to a surface is able to trigger cell attachment to the surface with spatiotemporal definition upon exposure to light (λ=351 nm). The peptide shows no integrin-binding activity in its caged form, but mediates cell adhesion effectively after irradiation (see optical microscopy image of cells on a surface irradiated through a mask in bands 100 μm in width). Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2008/z704857_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Method for the determination of photostimulable defect center concentrations, production rates, and effective formation energies (1994)

A new method is proposed to determine radiation-induced defect center concentrations in solids which exhibit photostimulable luminescence. The technique relies on the determination of the number of photons released by spontaneous and photostimulated luminescence. A comparison with the x-ray-absorbed energy yields the effective formation energy of spontaneous luminescence photons and photostimulable centers. The method is applied representatively to BaFBr:Eu2+, which is utilized commercially as photostimulable x-ray storage phosphor in image plates for x-ray, γ-ray, electron, and neutron radiography. It is shown that in the utilized material on average 8 photostimulable F(Br−) centers (color centers based on bromine vacancies) and about 5 spontaneously emitted photons are generated by the absorption of 1 keV x-ray energy. Taking recent investigations into account which show that the x-ray generation of spontaneous luminescence and photostimulated luminescence centers is accompanied by the creation of approximately 36 nonphotostimulable defect centers, an average formation energy of about 20 eV per defect center can be calculated.
Amino acid sequence of the Bb fragment from complement Factor B. Sequence of the major cyanogen bromide-cleavage peptide (CB-II) and completion of the sequence of the Bb fragment (1983)

The amino acid sequence of peptide CB-II, the major product (mol.wt. 30 000) of CNBr cleavage of fragment Bb from human complement Factor B, is given. The sequence was obtained from peptides derived by trypsin cleavage of peptide CB-II and clostripain digestion of fragment Bb. Cleavage of two Asn-Gly bonds in peptide CB-II was also found useful. These results, along with those presented in the preceding paper [Gagnon & Christie (1983) Biochem. J. 209, 51-60], yield the complete sequence of the 505 amino acid residues of fragment Bb. The C-terminal half of the molecule shows strong homology of sequence with serine proteinases. Factor B has a catalytic chain (fragment Bb) with a molecular weight twice that of proteinases previously described, suggesting that it is a novel type of serine proteinase, probably with a different activation mechanism.
Clinical outcomes of patients of different races in a phase IV community-based trial of first-line trastuzumab plus a taxane in HER2+ metastatic breast cancer (MBC) (2005)

751 Background: Trastuzumab (Herceptin, H) is a humanized monoclonal antibody which showed a significant survival benefit in a randomized trial comparing chemotherapy plus H vs. chemotherapy alone in first-line treatment of HER2+ MBC. Race has been associated with differences in clinical outcome in breast cancer in numerous studies, and non-White patients (pts) are typically underrepresented in clinical trial populations. To investigate differences in outcomes for patients with HER2+ MBC, we performed an exploratory analysis to determine whether baseline characteristics or clinical outcomes differed by race in this large non-randomized, community-based, phase IV trial of first-line taxane/H therapy. Methods: Pts had previously untreated HER2+ MBC (prior hormonal therapy allowed), normal left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and measurable or evaluable disease. All pts received H weekly with either paclitaxel or docetaxel at standard doses. Results: 466 pts have been enrolled: 364 White (78%), 61 African-American (13%), 41 Other (9%) (Hispanic, Asian/Pacific Islander, Native American). The distributions of selected baseline characteristics (age, median time since primary diagnosis, stage at initial diagnosis) were similar between the groups. See table for clinical outcomes. Non-White patients had a lower response rate to taxane/H therapy than did White patients. Conclusions: These exploratory analyses suggest that in this large, non-randomized phase IV community-based study of HER2+ MBC, patients obtained clinical benefit from taxane/H therapy regardless of race. Median survival has not yet been reached for African-American subjects. Cardiac evaluations (serial LVEF measurements) were similar for all groups. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Genentech Genentech
Resistance to Soybean Aphid in Early Maturing Soybean Germplasm (2005)

Since 2000, the soybean aphid ( Aphis glycines Matsumura) has become a major pest of soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] in North America. In the USA, there are currently no commercial soybean cultivars with aphid resistance and there are no reported resistance sources in early maturing soybean germplasm. The objectives of this study were to identify sources and types of resistance to soybean aphid from early maturing soybean germplasm. Over a 2‐yr period, 2147 soybean accessions from maturity group (MG) 0 to III, originally from northern China, were evaluated for aphid resistance in a greenhouse and in field cages. The plants were hand‐inoculated and aphid populations were evaluated 10 d after inoculation. A damage index (0–100%) was calculated for each accession. After 2 yr of evaluation and confirmation in choice tests, four MG III accessions from Shandong province, PI 567543C, PI 567597C, PI 567541B, and PI 567598B, were found to be resistant to the soybean aphid. Two of these accessions, PI 567541B and PI 567598B, possessed antibiosis resistance, preventing the aphids from reproducing on the plants in a no‐choice study. PI 567543C and PI 567597C possessed antixenosis resistance. These resistant sources can be used to develop commercial cultivars with aphid resistance for the North Central states.
Mismatch shaping for a current-mode multibit delta-sigma DAC (1999)

Mismatch shaping allows the use of multibit quantization in delta-sigma analog-to-digital converters and digital-to-analog converters (DAC's) since it noise-shapes the error caused by static element mismatch in a multibit DAC. In this paper, mismatch-shaping techniques for low-pass delta-sigma (/spl Delta//spl Sigma/) modulators are reviewed, and a mismatch-shaping technique for bandpass /spl Delta//spl Sigma/ modulators is described. The dynamic error caused by frequent element switching is identified as a major source of error in a current-mode DAC with a continuous-time output. Modifying the mismatch-shaping algorithm to account for this effect yields a continuous-time /spl Delta//spl Sigma/ DAC that is insensitive to both element mismatch and element switching dynamics. Experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed techniques.
Spore dipicolinic acid contents used for estimating the number of endospores in sediments (2007)

Endospores are heat-resistant bacterial resting stages that can remain viable for long periods of time and may thus accumulate in sediments as a function of sediment age. The number of spores in sediments has only rarely been quantified, because of methodological problems, and consequently little is known about the quantitative contribution of endospores to the total number of prokaryotic cells. We here report on a protocol to determine the number of endospores in sediments and cultures. The method is based on the fluorimetric determination of dipicolinic acid (DPA), a spore core-specific compound, after reaction with terbium chloride. The concentration of DPA in natural samples is converted into endospore numbers using endospore-forming pure cultures as standards. Quenching of the fluorescence by sediment constituents and background fluorescence due to humic substances hampered direct determination of DPA in sediments. To overcome those interferences, DPA was extracted using ethyl acetate prior to fluorimetric measurements of DPA concentrations. The first results indicated that endospore numbers obtained with this method are orders of magnitude higher than numbers obtained by cultivation after pasteurization. In one of the explored sediment cores, endospores accounted for 3% of all stainable prokaryotic cells.
Implementation of a programmable artificial neuron using discrete logic (2003)

The authors present a digital neural model that permits high-density implementation of an integrated circuit with completely programmable weights. The digital model is derived from general analog neural models by analyzing their logical characteristics. After digitizing the analog neuron, the weights are expressed using logical values without losing the capabilities of the analog neurons. This permits the weights to be used as inputs; consequently, the logical values of the weights can be dynamically changed and also can be implemented with common discrete logics. To utilize the capability of dynamically variable weights, a learning algorithm was implemented in a network of digital neurons. The learning algorithm and simulation studies are briefly discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Selective migration of the human helper‐inducer memory T cell subset: confirmation by in vivo cellular kinetic studies (1991)

The vast majority of T cells present in chronic inflammatory lesions are of the helper-inducer/memory (CD45RO+CD29+) phenotype; suppressor-inducer/naive cells (CD45RA+) are virtually absent. Furthermore, CD4+ T cells are found more frequently than CD8+ cells. Previous in vitro studies have suggested that this may be, in part, due to the increased capacity of CD45RO+CD29+ T cells to bind to endothelium and, thus, enter inflammatory foci but no in vivo evidence for preferential migration exists. To investigate this, suction blisters were generated over a purified protein derivative of tuberculin-induced delayed-type hypersensitivity lesions in humans and the phenotype of the blister cells was studied. At all time points, a preponderance of CD45RO+CD29+ cells over CD45RA+ cells and of CD4 over CD8 cells was demonstrated. Because of the rapid kinetics, this appears to represent preferential migration of these cell types rather than in situ proliferation or phenotype conversion. In addition the expression of the CD45RO but not the CD45RA antigen was up-regulated on blister T cells compared to blood T cells. Analysis of blister fluid showed high concentrations of interleukin 6 but not tumor necrosis factor-alpha or lymphotoxin. This study shows for the first time directly in vivo that CD45RO+ T cells migrate preferentially into inflammatory lesions. Furthermore, it illustrates the potential usefulness of this system in the analysis of the early phases of the immune inflammatory response.
Reduction of 4‐arylidene‐1,3‐(2H,4H)isoquinolinediones (1976)

Abstract Catalytic hydrogenation of some 4‐arylidene‐1,3‐(2 H ,4 H )isoquinolinediones (1) afforded the corresponding 4‐arylmethyl‐1,3‐(2 H ,4 H )isoquinolinediones (2) , but reduction of 1 by sodium borohydride gave 4‐arylmethyl‐1(2 H )isoquinolones (isocarbostyrils, 3). Compounds of type 1 studied had aryl substituents phenyl, 3,4‐dimethoxyphenyl, 3,4‐methyleneoxyphenyl and 2‐furyl. In one example of sodium borohydride reduction of an N ‐methylisoquinolinedione derivative (1) the heterocylic ring was opened, and 2‐(1‐hydroxymethyl‐2‐phenylethenyl)‐ N ‐methylbenzamide (4) was obtained from 4‐benzylidene‐2‐methyl‐1,3‐(2 H ,4 H )isoquinolinedione.
Principles of delay-sensitive multimedia data storage retrieval (1992)

This paper establishes some fundamental principles for the retrieval and storage of delay-sensitive multimedia data. Delay-sensitive data include digital audio, animations, and video. Retrieval of these data types from secondary storage has to satisfy certain time constraints in order to be acceptable to the user. The presentation is based on digital audio in order to provide intuition to the reader, although the results are applicable to all delay-sensitive data. A theoretical framework is developed for the real-time requirements of digital audio playback. We show how to describe these requirements in terms of the consumption rate of the audio data and the nature of the data-retrieval rate from secondary storage. Making use of this framework, bounds are derived for buffer space requirements for certain common retrieval scenarios. Storage placement strategies for multichannel synchronized data are then categorized and examined. The results presented in this paper are basic to any playback of delay-sensitive data and should assist the multimedia system designer in estimating hardware requirements and in evaluating possible design choices.
A novel approach for micro‐scale characterization and modeling of geomaterials incorporating actual material heterogeneity (2011)

The mechanical response of geomaterials is highly influenced by geometrical and material heterogeneity. To date, most modeling practices consider heterogeneity qualitatively and their choice of input parameters can be subjective. In this study, a novel approach to combine a detailed micro‐scale characterization with modeling of heterogeneous geomaterials is presented. By conducting grid micro‐indentation and micro‐scratch tests, the instrumented indentation modulus and fracture toughness of the constituent phases of a crystalline rock were obtained and used as accurate input parameters for the numerical models. Additionally, X‐ray micro Computed Tomography (CT) was used to obtain the spatial distribution of minerals, and thin section analysis was performed to quantify the microcrack density. Finally, a Brazilian disc test was modeled using a Combined Finite‐Discrete element method (FEM/DEM) code. Compared with the laboratory results of a sample that was initially CT scanned, the simulation results showed that by incorporating accurate micromechanical input parameters and the intrinsic rock geometric features such as spatial phase heterogeneity and microcracks, the numerical simulation could more accurately predict the mechanical response of the specimen, including the fracture patterns and tensile strength. It is believed that the proposed micromechanical approach for evaluating the material properties and the sample geometry can be readily applied to other problems to accurately model the mechanical behavior of heterogeneous geomaterials.