gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vapor-liquid equilibriums of water-hydrogen chloride solutions below 0.degree.C (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTVapor-liquid equilibriums of water-hydrogen chloride solutions below 0.degree.CEugene MillerCite this: J. Chem. Eng. Data 1983, 28, 4, 363–367Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/je00034a005https://doi.org/10.1021/je00034a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views138Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Hepatocyte‐Specific Delivery of siRNAs Conjugated to Novel Non‐nucleosidic Trivalent N‐Acetylgalactosamine Elicits Robust Gene Silencing in Vivo (2015)

We recently demonstrated that siRNAs conjugated to triantennary N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) induce robust RNAi-mediated gene silencing in the liver, owing to uptake mediated by the asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR). Novel monovalent GalNAc units, based on a non-nucleosidic linker, were developed to yield simplified trivalent GalNAc-conjugated oligonucleotides under solid-phase synthesis conditions. Synthesis of oligonucleotide conjugates using monovalent GalNAc building blocks required fewer synthetic steps compared to the previously optimized triantennary GalNAc construct. The redesigned trivalent GalNAc ligand maintained optimal valency, spatial orientation, and distance between the sugar moieties for proper recognition by ASGPR. siRNA conjugates were synthesized by sequential covalent attachment of the trivalent GalNAc to the 3'-end of the sense strand and resulted in a conjugate with in vitro and in vivo potency similar to that of the parent trivalent GalNAc conjugate design.
Computer-controlled, multilevel, morphometric analysis of blastomere size as biomarker of fragmentation and multinuclearity in human embryos (2004)

The results of this study show that the average blastomere size is significantly affected by degree of fragmentation and multinuclearity, and that computer-assisted, multilevel analysis of blastomere size may function as a biomarker for embryo quality.
Anisotropic Mechanical Properties of Tissue Components in Human Atherosclerotic Plaques (2004)

Knowledge of the biomechanical properties of human atherosclerotic plaques is of essential importance for developing more insights in the pathophysiology of the cardiovascular system and for better predicting the outcome of interventional treatments such as balloon angioplasty. Available data are mainly based on uniaxial tests, and most of the studies investigate the mechanical response of fibrous plaque caps only. However, stress distributions during, for example, balloon angioplasty are strongly influenced by all components of atherosclerotic lesions. A total number of 107 samples from nine human high-grade stenotic iliac arteries were tested; associated anamnesis of donors reported. Magnetic resonance imaging was employed to test the usability of the harvested arteries. Histological analyses has served to characterize the different tissue types. Prepared strips of 7 different tissue types underwent cyclic quasistatic uniaxial tension tests in axial and circumferential directions; ultimate tensile stresses and stretches were documented. Experimental data of individual samples indicated anisotropic and highly nonlinear tissue properties as well as considerable interspecimen differences. The calcification showed, however a linear property, with about the same stiffness as observed for the adventitia in high stress regions. The stress and stretch values at calcification fracture are smaller (179 +/- 56 kPa and 1.02 +/- 0.005) than for each of the other tissue components. Of all intimal tissues investigated, the lowest fracture stress occurred in the circumferential direction of the fibrous cap (254.8 +/- 79.8 kPa at stretch 1.182 +/- 0.1). The adventitia demonstrated the highest and the nondiseased media the lowest mechanical strength on average.
Combined multilevel coding and multiresolution modulation (2002)

The performance of a combined multilevel coding and a multiresolution modulation is analyzed. The performance of the system, which depends strongly on the two parameters /spl alpha//sub 1/, /spl alpha//sub 2/ and on the codes is optimized. The optimization is done by considering a hierarchical HDTV transmission where the PV and the TV signals are embedded in the HDTV signal. It is shown that for different receiver conditions one can assume a graceful degradation by using such a combination and obtaining a coding gain at least of about 7.5 dB. This may used for enlarging the broadcasting area or to reduce the transmitter power. For compatible systems one can obtain different receiver complexities, depending on the desired signal quality.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Rethinking TB Drugs (2012)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTRethinking TB DrugsView Author Information C&EN Northeast News BureauCite this: Chem. Eng. News 2012, 90, 36, 15–24Publication Date (Print):September 3, 2012Publication History Published online29 March 2013Published inissue 3 September 2012https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-09036-cover1https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09036-cover1newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 2012 Chemical & Engineering NewsArticle Views19Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Bacteria,Genomics,Infectious diseases,Microbiology Get e-Alerts
Size-Controlled Synthesis of Pd Nanowires Using a Mesoporous Silica Template via Chemical Vapor Infiltration (2001)

Free-standing Pd nanowires of controlled size are synthesized by these authors via chemical vapor infiltration of an organometallic precursor into mesoporous silicate. The thus generated Pd nanowires can be isolated by addition of HF to remove the silicate matrix. Wires ranging from 3.7–8.8 nm in diameter and up to several hundred nanometers in length can be obtained (see Figure), depending on the silica template used.
Longevity mutation in SCH9 prevents recombination errors and premature genomic instability in a Werner/Bloom model system (2008)

Werner and Bloom syndromes are human diseases characterized by premature age-related defects including elevated cancer incidence. Using a novel Saccharomyces cerevisiae model system for aging and cancer, we show that cells lacking the RecQ helicase SGS1 (WRN and BLM homologue) undergo premature age-related changes, including reduced life span under stress and calorie restriction (CR), G1 arrest defects, dedifferentiation, elevated recombination errors, and age-dependent increase in DNA mutations. Lack of SGS1 results in a 110-fold increase in gross chromosomal rearrangement frequency during aging of nondividing cells compared with that generated during the initial population expansion. This underscores the central role of aging in genomic instability. The deletion of SCH9 (homologous to AKT and S6K), but not CR, protects against the age-dependent defects in sgs1Delta by inhibiting error-prone recombination and preventing DNA damage and dedifferentiation. The conserved function of Akt/S6k homologues in lifespan regulation raises the possibility that modulation of the IGF-I-Akt-56K pathway can protect against premature aging syndromes in mammals.
Las empresas grandes y las pymes como emprendedoras sociales (2009)

La idea de combatir la pobreza mediante mecanismos de mercado �como el emprendimiento de negocios con sectores de bajos ingresos (SBI)� despierta un gran interes. Pero no todas las empresas estan en condiciones de asumir ese reto. Segun C.K. Prahalad, las grandes empresas cuentan con las fortalezas requeridas: los recursos que manejan y movilizan, la gran escala de sus operaciones y la posibilidad de transferir conocimientos globalmente. Sin embargo, un estudio sobre negocios inclusivos realizado en America Latina por la red de escuelas de negocios SEKN descubrio que tales fortalezas no garantizan el exito. A la hora de iniciar negocios con sectores de bajos ingresos, la pequena y mediana empresa cuenta con sus propias fortalezas.
Si bien es cierto que las grandes empresas cuentan con recursos financieros, escala global, conocimiento de gestion, acceso a la tecnologia y control de la cadena de valor, todos estos activos no las vuelven infalibles a la hora de hacer negocios inclusivos. Hay fortalezas que no tienen, y que las Pymes si poseen: focalizacion en los sectores mas pobres, bajo costo de oportunidad, proximidad con el mercado objetivo, flexibilidad, creatividad no convencional y pasion por el negocio. De hecho, las fortalezas diversas de empresas grandes y Pymes explican por que las primeras son mas rentables cuando tienen a los SBI como proveedores y no como productores, mientras que en las segundas se da lo contrario.
?Hay formas en que se puedan combinar las fortalezas de una y de otra? Si. Y los casos estudiados (Colceramica, Activo Humano, Cruzsalud, entre otros) indican que hay mas de una forma de hacerlo. A veces es una Pyme que busca apalancamiento; en otras, es una empresa grande que quiere apoyarse en una Pyme. Finalmente hay casos de emprendedores que se llevaron el conocimiento adquirido en empresas grandes hacia sus emprendimientos individuales.
Intraperitoneal pressure in PD patients: relationship to intraperitoneal volume, body size and PD-related complications (2007)

This study shows a strong linear correlation between IPP and IPV, a significant impact of BMI on IPP and a higher incidence of EP in patients with higher IPP. We recommend to measure IPP in PD patients to guide the prescription of intraperitoneal volumes.
Serum and Tissue Lycopene and Biomarkers of Oxidation in Prostate Cancer Patients: A Case-Control Study (1999)

Dietary intake of tomatoes and tomato products containing lycopene, an antioxidant carotenoid, has been shown in recent studies to reduce the risk of cancer. This study was conducted to investigate the serum and prostate tissue lycopene and other major carotenoid concentrations in cancer patients and their controls. Serum lipid and protein oxidation was also measured. Twelve prostate cancer patients and 12 age-matched subjects were used in the study. Significantly lower serum and tissue lycopene levels (44%, p = 0.04; 78%, p = 0.050, respectively) were observed in the cancer patients than in their controls. Serum and tissue beta-carotene and other major carotenoids did not differ between the two groups (p = 0.395 and p = 0.280, respectively). Although there was no difference (p = 0.760) in serum lipid peroxidation between cancer patients and their controls (7.09 +/- 0.74 and 6.81 +/- 0.56 mumol/l, respectively), serum protein thiol levels were significantly lower among the cancer patients (p = 0.026). This study demonstrates that the status of lycopene but not other carotenoids in prostate cancer patients is different from controls. The role of dietary lycopene in preventing oxidative damage of biomolecules and thereby reducing the risk of prostate cancer needs to be evaluated in future studies.
Automated Maskless Photolithography System for Peptide Microarray Synthesis on a Chip (2010)

Maskless photolithographic peptide synthesis was performed on a glass chip using an automated peptide array synthesizer system. The peptide array synthesizer was built in a closed box, which contained optical and fluidic systems. The conditions for peptide synthesis were fully controlled by a computer program. For the peptide synthesis on a glass chip, 20 NVOC-protected amino acids were synthesized. The coupling efficiencies of two model peptide sequences were examined on ACA/APTS and PEG/CHI/GPTS chips. PEG/CHI/GPTS chip gave higher average stepwise yields of GIYWHHY (94%) and YIYGSFK (98%) than those of ACA/APTS chip. To quantify peptide-protein binding affinity, HPQ- or HPM-containing pentapeptides were synthesized on a PEG/CHI/GPTS chip and the binding event of Cy3 labeled-streptavidin was quantified. The peptide sequence of IQHPQ showed highest binding affinity with Cy3 labeled-streptavidin. The results demonstrated that the photolithographic peptide array synthesis method efficiently quantified the binding activities of protein-peptide interactions and it can be used for additional biological assay applications.
Non-invasive prenatal screening of fetal Down syndrome by maternal plasma DNA sequencing in twin pregnancies (2012)

Non-invasive prenatal screening for fetal Down syndrome (NIFTY) by maternal plasma sequencing was performed in 12 subjects with twin pregnancies, including 11 with normal fetuses and 1 with discordant fetal Trisomy 21. For every sample, it was processed, sequenced and reported as soon as it was collected as other clinical samples for singleton pregnancies. The NIFTY test was negative in the 11 pregnancies carried normal fetuses, and was positive (high risk) in the case with discordant fetal Trisomy 21. The sensitivity and specificity were both 100%. This small case series suggested the NIFTY as a screening test for fetal Trisomy 21 is feasible in twin pregnancies.
Superconductivity up to 114 K in the Bi-Al-Ca-Sr-Cu-O compound system without rare-earth elements (1988)

Stable superconductivity up to 114 K has been reproducibly detected in Bi-Al-Ca-Sr-Cu-O multiphase systems without any rare-earth elements. Pressure has only a slight positive effect on ${\mathrm{T}}_{\mathrm{c}}$. These observations provide an extra material base for the study of the mechanism of high-temperature superconductivity and also the prospect of reduced material cost for future applications of superconductivity.
Highly conducting iodine derivatives of polyacetylene: Raman, XPS and x-ray diffraction studies (1978)

Polyacetylene film and bulk samples were prepared by polymerization of acetylene in the presence of a μ- (η1:η5-cyclopentadienyl) -tris (η-cyclopentadienyl) dititanium (Ti–Ti) catalyst in hexane. Conducting films (σR.T.∼25 Ω−1⋅cm−1), or bulk polymer samples (σR.T.∼1 Ω−1⋅ cm−1) were prepared by treatment of the nascent polymer with solutions of iodine in hexane. Raman, x-ray photoelectron, and x-ray diffraction techniques were used to characterize these polyacetylene-iodine derivatives. The measurements are consistent with the presence of iodine in two different forms, I3− and possibly I5−. Although the concentration of the iodine varied in different samples (40%–70% by weight), in all cases the amount of the second species decreases irreversibly upon thermal annealing or the application of high mechanical stresses. X-ray diffraction measurements suggest that iodine species intercalate in sheets parallel to a close packed plane of the polyacetylene. Valence band x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements on an iodinated cis-rich polymer film, show a finite density of states at the Fermi level. This observation suggests metallike conductivity in the sample.
Stimulation-dependent I kappa B alpha phosphorylation marks the NF-kappa B inhibitor for degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. (1995)

The nuclear translocation of NF-kappa B follows the degradation of its inhibitor, I kappa B alpha, an event coupled with stimulation-dependent inhibitor phosphorylation. Prevention of the stimulation-dependent phosphorylation of I kappa B alpha, either by treating cells with various reagents or by mutagenesis of certain putative I kappa B alpha phosphorylation sites, abolishes the inducible degradation of I kappa B alpha. Yet, the mechanism coupling the stimulation-induced phosphorylation with the degradation has not been resolved. Recent reports suggest a role for the proteasome in I kappa B alpha degradation, but the mode of substrate recognition and the involvement of ubiquitin conjugation as a targeting signal have not been addressed. We show that of the two forms of I kappa B alpha recovered from stimulated cells in a complex with RelA and p50, only the newly phosphorylated form, pI kappa B alpha, is a substrate for an in vitro reconstituted ubiquitin-proteasome system. Proteolysis requires ATP, ubiquitin, a specific ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, and other ubiquitin-proteasome components. In vivo, inducible I kappa B alpha degradation requires a functional ubiquitin-activating enzyme and is associated with the appearance of high molecular weight adducts of I kappa B alpha. Ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation may, therefore, constitute an integral step of a signal transduction process.
Self-introduction of an Unusual Foreign Body into the Urethra - Report of a Case and Review of the Literature (1994)

A 22-year-old male developed acute urinary retention for one day. The KUB film showed an electric wire with twisted knots in bulbous urethre. The foreign body was removed by external urethrotomy. Suprapubic cystostomy was done for urinary diversion. There was no psychiatric problem in this patient.
Photoswitchable enediynes: use of cyclopropenone as photocleavable masking group for the enediyne triple bond (2004)

Cyclopropenone , 2,3-benzobicyclo[8.1.0]undec-1(10)-en-4-yn-11-one, is a thermally stable compound showing no signs of decomposition after heating at 84 degrees C for 7 d, UV irradiation of which results in an efficient (Phi(300)= 0.45) and quantitative formation of benzannelated enediyne , which undergoes Bergman cyclization at the above temperature.
Risk Factors for Erosive Esophagitis: A Multivariate Analysis Based on the ProGERD Study Initiative (2004)

Some patient-associated factors increase the risk of erosive esophagitis as opposed to nonerosive reflux disease. However, no single factor or combination of factors is capable of predicting mucosal damage with clinically sufficient certainty. Thus, endoscopy is still required in all GERD patients if valid information on the state of the esophageal mucosa is needed.
Crystal Structure of Human Butyrylcholinesterase and of Its Complexes with Substrate and Products (2003)

Cholinesterases are among the most efficient enzymes known. They are divided into two groups: acetylcholinesterase, involved in the hydrolysis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, and butyrylcholinesterase of unknown function. Several crystal structures of the former have shown that the active site is located at the bottom of a deep and narrow gorge, raising the question of how substrate and products enter and leave. Human butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) has attracted attention because it can hydrolyze toxic esters such as cocaine or scavenge organophosphorus pesticides and nerve agents. Here we report the crystal structures of several recombinant truncated human BChE complexes and conjugates and provide a description for mechanistically relevant non-productive substrate and product binding. As expected, the structure of BChE is similar to a previously published theoretical model of this enzyme and to the structure of Torpedo acetylcholinesterase. The main difference between the experimentally determined BChE structure and its model is found at the acyl binding pocket that is significantly bigger than expected. An electron density peak close to the catalytic Ser(198) has been modeled as bound butyrate.
Analysis of house dust mite-specific IgE, IgG4, and IgG antibodies during immunotherapy in asthmatic children. (1991)

House dust mite (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, DP) specific IgE, IgG4, and IgG antibodies were analyzed by Western blotting in 18 asthmatic children during the course of 2-years' allergen-specific immunotherapy. Although more than 50 protein bands could be identified in the crude mite extracts by SDS-PAGE, only eight of them elicited both IgE and IgG4 antibodies in most patients. The molecular weights were 110, 60, 55, 43, 33, 27, 16, and 14 kD, respectively. No antibodies against new antigens were induced after immunotherapy. There was a significant correlation between the intensity of reactive bands of Western blotting and RAST. IgG4 antibody was increased in 72% (13/18) of patients, but the simultaneous change in IgE varied. Analysis of allergen-specific IgE and IgG4 antibodies by Western blotting may provide a useful tool for evaluation of clinical response to immunotherapy.
High throughput screening as a discovery tool in the pharmaceutical industry (1996)

The popularity of high throughput screening (HTS) in discovery programs has continued to rise in recent years. The application of rigorous process controls to biological assays in conjunction with advances in automation and data handling have increased the testing rates and accuracies to the point where major pharmaceutical companies cannot afford to be without HTS programs. Although the internal structure of these programs may differ radically, they generally share many common features in terms of equipment and techniques. The HTS program at Sphinx Pharmaceuticals and Eli Lilly and Company is presented in detail as a model. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Frequency Warping in Low Delay Audio Coding (2006)

The goal of the presented schemes is to obtain an ultra low delay audio coder with a good performance even at low bit rates (around 64 kb/s). The problem to be solved is to gain sufficient frequency resolution at low frequencies for precise low frequency psycho-acoustics and quantization noise shaping, because the ear has a higher frequency resolution at lower frequencies. Our approach is to use warped linear noise shaping pre- and post-filters, and a short DFT for the psycho-acoustic model (length 256), but with frequency warping. We compare four different psychoacoustic versions: DFT with no warping; DFF without warping using warped pre- and post-filters; warping with the so-called NDFT (WDFT); DFT with all-pass delay chain pre-processing. Listening tests show that the best performance is obtained using WDFT.