gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Drug resistance of human glioblastoma cells conferred by a tumor-specific mutant epidermal growth factor receptor through modulation of Bcl-X L and caspase-3-like proteases (1998)

Alterations of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene occur frequently in human malignant gliomas. The most common of these is deletion of exons 2-7, resulting in truncation of the extracellular domain (DeltaEGFR or EGFRvIII), which occurs in a large fraction of de novo malignant gliomas (but not in progressive tumors or those lacking p53 function) and enhances tumorigenicity, in part by decreasing apoptosis through up-regulation of Bcl-XL. Here, we demonstrate that the DeltaEGFR concomitantly confers resistance to the chemotherapeutic drug cisplatin (CDDP) by suppression of CDDP-induced apoptosis. Expression of Bcl-XL was elevated in U87MG.DeltaEGFR cells prior to and during CDDP treatment, whereas it decreased considerably in CDDP-treated parental cells. CDDP-induced activation of caspase-3-like proteases was suppressed significantly in U87MG.DeltaEGFR cells. These responses were highly specific to constitutively kinase-active DeltaEGFR, because overexpression of kinase-deficient DeltaEGFR (DK) or wild-type EGFR had no such effects. Correspondingly, DeltaEGFR specific tyrosine kinase inhibitors reduced Bcl-XL expression and potentiated CDDP-induced apoptosis in U87MG.DeltaEGFR cells. Ectopic overexpression of Bcl-XL in parental U87MG cells also resulted in suppression of both caspase activation and apoptosis induced by CDDP. These results may have important clinical implications for the use of CDDP in the treatment of those malignant gliomas expressing DeltaEGFR.
General Method for Modification of Liposomes for Encoded Assembly on Supported Bilayers (2005)

An amphiphilic oligonucleotide species ((C18)2-DNA) is presented as a generally useful reagent to display encoded tether sequences on the surface of phospholipid assemblies. (C18)2-DNA inserts into preformed vesicles and proteoliposomes of arbitrary composition, content, and origin using a simple and gentle procedure and is a significant improvement over the previously described method particularly since it allows postmodification of any phospholipid assembly without the need for special lipids carrying reactive headgroups. DNA-modified vesicles can then be tethered, via DNA hybridization, onto a supported phospholipid bilayer displaying the complementary sequence. The encoding capability of the tether can be exploited to form an array of tethered vesicles spatially defined by the DNA sequence displayed on the surface and demonstrates that (C18)2-DNA is stably associated with a membrane to allow sorting. Vesicles tethered in this way show two-dimensional mobility, reflecting the fluidity of the supporting bilayer, and promises to be a useful system with which to study vesicle-vesicle interactions.
Distribution of microRNA biomarker candidates in solid tissues and body fluids (2016)

Small non-coding RNAs, especially microRNAs, are discussed as promising biomarkers for a substantial number of human pathologies. A broad understanding in which solid tissues, cell types or body fluids a microRNA is expressed helps also to understand and to improve the suitability of miRNAs as non- or minimally-invasive disease markers. We recently reported the Human miRNA Tissue Atlas (http://www.ccb.uni-saarland.de/tissueatlas) containing 105 miRNA profiles of 31 organs from 2 corpses. We subsequently added miRNA profiles measured by others and us using the same array technology as for the first version of the Human miRNA Tissue Atlas. The latter profiles stem from 163 solid organs including lung, prostate and gastric tissue, from 253 whole blood samples and 66 fractioned blood cell isolates, from body fluids including 72 serum samples, 278 plasma samples, 29 urine samples, and 16 saliva samples and from different collection and storage conditions. While most miRNAs are ubiquitous abundant in solid tissues and whole blood, we also identified miRNAs that are rather specific for tissues. Our web-based repository now hosting 982 full miRNomes all of which are measured by the same microarray technology. The knowledge of these variant abundances of miRNAs in solid tissues, in whole blood and in other body fluids is essential to judge the value of miRNAs as biomarker.
RelB nuclear translocation regulates B cell MHC molecule, CD40 expression, and antigen-presenting cell function (2000)

Mice with targeted RelB mutations demonstrated an essential role for RelB in immune responses and in myeloid dendritic cell differentiation. Human studies suggested a more global transcriptional role in antigen presentation. Burkitt lymphoma cell lines were used as a model to examine the role of RelB in antigen presentation. After transient transfection of BJAB with RelB, strong nuclear expression of RelB-p50 heterodimers was associated with increased APC function and expression of CD40 and MHC class I. Antisense RelB in DG75 reduced antigen-presenting capacity and CD40-mediated up-regulation of MHC molecules. The data indicate that RelB transcriptional activity directly affects antigen presentation and CD40 synthesis. Stimulation of RelB transcriptional activity may provide a positive feedback loop for facilitating productive APC/T cell interactions.
Synthesis of LHRH Antagonists Suitable for Oral Administration via the Vitamin B12 Uptake System. (1995)

Conjugates have been synthesized between vitamin B12 and two lysyl derivatives of the LHRH antagonist, ANTIDE. Lys6-ANTIDE and Lys8-ANTIDE were both found to have similar activities to the native analogue in the in vitro pituitary cell assay. The in vitro bioactivity of the VB12-ANTIDE conjugates was preserved following linkage using a number of spacers; however, the in vivo bioactivity was lost. In order to produce conjugates which had similar in vivo bioactivity to the native analogue, it was necessary to link the VB12 to the ANTIDE analogues using thiol cleavable spacers. The resultant conjugates had similar activity to ANTIDE both in vitro and in vivo and were also found to be much more water soluble than ANTIDE. These VB12-ANTIDE conjugates show potential utility as water soluble ANTIDE analogues for parenteral use and are protease resistant LHRH antagonist analogues suitable for uptake from the intestine via the VB12-transport system following oral administration.
A Compressed Analog Feedback Strategy for Spatially Correlated Massive MIMO Systems (2012)

In multiuser MIMO systems, the amount of the required feedback increases with the number of transmit antennas to improve the sum rate performance. This feedback overhead is critical when it comes to massive multiple antenna wireless systems. Therefore, we propose a compressed analog feedback scheme. The proposed compressed analog feedback strategy exploits natural correlation characteristics among large-scale multiple antennas in order to reduce feedback overhead. By using the sparse approximation and low dimensional random projection at each mobile station (MS), and convex relaxation based feedback decompression at a base station (BS), the proposed scheme outperforms the uncompressed analog feedback which wastes long time duration and energy, in the consideration of the feedback delay, requiring lower feedback overhead from each MS.
T4 endonuclease VII cleaves the crossover strands of Holliday junction analogs. (1988)

We have formed four-arm branched DNA junctions that contain no more than a single base pair of branch migratory freedom. Recently, we have shown that these Holliday junction analogs have twofold symmetric protection patterns in solution when probed with hydroxyl radicals: two opposite strands of one junction show extensive protection near the branch point, while the other pair of opposite strands is virtually as susceptible as a double helix. In a different junction, the hydroxyl radical protection pattern is reversed. These patterns suggest that a crossover-isomer bias exists in these molecules and that the protected strands form the crossover between helices. Here, we examine the cleavage pattern of these structures when they are resolved by T4 endonuclease VII. Junctions are formed from a single shamrock-shaped molecule, which contains 5', 3', or internal labels. The enzyme shows a preference for resolving these modified junctions at sites near those protected from hydroxyl radicals. This result suggests that only crossover strands in a Holliday junction are cleaved, and thus an odd number of crossover isomerizations must occur when flanking markers are exchanged.
Carbocation Rearrangement in Controlled/Living Isobutylene Polymerization (1998)

Isobutylene polymerization was initiated using the cumyl chloride/TiCl4/2,4-dimethylpyridine system ([IB] = 1.0 M, [CumCl] = 2.3 × 10-2 M, [TiCl4] = 0.24 M, [DMP] = 2.4 × 10-3 M). Polymerization kinetics in 60/40 hexane/MeCl at −80 °C showed that an IB conversion of ∼98% was reached in 70 s. The active centers were monitored over time at high conversion, by 1H NMR after quenching with MeOH or allyltrimethylsilane (ATMS), and by GPC after a second addition of IB. Quenching with MeOH or ATMS at times up to 70 s yielded quantitative tert-chloride or allyl chain ends, respectively. For longer periods up to 12 h, MeOH-quenched PIB showed increasing depletion of tert-chloride chain ends of the normal structure (but no appearance of olefin) and ATMS quenching yielded a gradual reduction in allylation to 78% at 12 h. Real-time 1H NMR of an active polymerization mixture also indicated depletion of tert-chloride end groups. GPC results showed that coupling of PIB chains was not occurring and that a second charge of IB was slowly initiated. The latter process caused a fraction of the chain ends to be restored with normal tert-chloride groups. It was hypothesized that normal tert-chloride chain ends slowly undergo carbenium ion rearrangement to form a mixture of isomerized chain end structures. This process represents the dominant chain interrupting event in TiCl4-co-initiated IB polymerization under these conditions. The rearranged structures were hypothesized to result from combinations of 1,2-hydride and 1,2-methide shifts; 1H NMR analysis of a dehydrochlorinated sample was consistent with this interpretation. The rate of depletion of tert-chloride end groups was shown to follow first-order kinetics with an apparent rate constant of 8 × 10-5 s-1. The ratio of rate constants for propagation and rearrangement, kp/kr, was calculated to be 3 × 104 M-1.
First Trimester Vitamin D, Vitamin D Binding Protein, and Subsequent Preeclampsia (2010)

Previous studies report an association between vitamin D deficiency and hypertension, including the pregnancy-specific disorder preeclampsia. Circulating vitamin D is almost entirely bound to vitamin D binding protein, which increases 2-fold during pregnancy and previous studies have not examined vitamin D binding protein or free vitamin D levels. We performed a nested case-control study within the Massachusetts General Hospital Obstetric Maternal Study, measuring first trimester total 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) and vitamin D binding protein and calculating free 25(OH)D levels. We compared these levels from pregnancies complicated by subsequent preeclampsia (cases, n=39) with those from normotensive pregnancies (controls, n=131). First trimester total 25(OH)D levels were similar in cases and controls (27.4±1.9 versus 28.8±0.80 ng/mL; P=0.435). Despite an association between higher first trimester blood pressures and subsequent preeclampsia, first trimester total 25(OH)D was not associated with first trimester systolic (r=0.11; P=0.16) or diastolic blood pressures (r=0.03; P=0.72). Although there was a trend toward increased risk of preeclampsia with 25(OH)D levels <15 ng/mL (odds ratio: 2.5 [95% CI: 0.89 to 6.90]), this was attenuated after adjustment for body mass index and other covariates (odds ratio: 1.35 [95% CI: 0.40 to 4.50]). First trimester vitamin D binding protein and free 25(OH)D levels were similar in cases and controls and were not associated with first trimester blood pressures. These data suggest that first trimester total and free 25(OH)D levels are not independently associated with first trimester blood pressure or subsequent preeclampsia.
A capacitance sensor for methanol ratio measurement of blended gasoline (1991)

Methanol fueled vehicles are getting much attention for better emission quality and more power. The flexible fuel vehicle (FFV) which runs on any mixture ratios of gasoline and methanol is a promising introduction to the market because methanol refueling stations are not widely available at the moment. An alcohol sensor in the fuel line measures the mixture ratio of the fuel to determine the amount of fuel injection into the engine for the best combustion. The authors show some approaches to the concerns underlying the sensor design which overcame the myth of the capacitance sensor drawbacks.
Tissue layer and organ specificity of trichome formation are regulated by GLABRA1 and TRIPTYCHON in Arabidopsis (1998)

In animal development, cellular diversity is generated within tissues which in turn are derived from germ layers. Similar to the germ layers in animals, plants establish three distinct tissue layers early in development which each give rise to a distinct set of cell types. To investigate the role of tissue-layer-specific cues in generating plant cellular diversity we studied the spatial regulation of an epidermal cell type, trichomes (hairs), by the two genes, GLABRA1 (GL1) and TRIPTYCHON (TRY). Ubiquitous expression of the positive regulator GL1 in the absence of the negative regulator TRY leads to ectopic trichome formation not only on additional organs but also in subepidermal tissue layers. Trichomes in inner tissue layers can differentiate the same morphology and show a spacing pattern comparable to trichomes in the epidermis. This clearly shows that cell type specification takes place downstream of tissue-specific cues. We propose a model of how the tissue and organ specificity of trichome induction is regulated in normal development.
Spatially Adaptive Photographic Flash (2008)

Using photographic flash for candid shots often results in an unevenly lit scene, in which objects in the back appear dark. We describe a spatially adaptive photographic flash system, in which the intensity of illumination varies depending on the depth and reflectivity of features in the scene. We adapt to changes in depth using a single-shot method, and to changes in reflectivity using a multi-shot method. The single-shot method requires only a depth image, whereas the multi-shot method requires at least one color image in addition to the depth data. To reduce noise in our depth images, we present a novel filter that takes into account the amplitude-dependent noise distribution of observed depth values. To demonstrate our ideas, we have built a prototype consisting of a depth camera, a flash light, an LCD and a lens. By attenuating the flash using the LCD, a variety of illumination effects can be achieved.
Salmonella Bacteremia in Kenyan Children (2006)

Clinical diagnosis of invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella infection in African children is difficult without microbiology facilities because clinical features overlap with other conditions. The common risk factors for nontyphoidal Salmonella infection differ from developed countries, with high a prevalence of malnutrition, HIV, malaria and anemia. Children with nontyphoidal Salmonella infection who fulfill World Health Organization clinical criteria for severe pneumonia may receive ineffective therapy in the form of penicillin.
Theory of Periodic Dielect Waveguides (1975)

The propagation of electromagnetic waves along open periodic, dielectric waveguides is formulated here as a rigorous and exact boundary-value problem. The characteristic field solutions are shown to be of the surface-wave or leaky-wave type, depending on the ratio of periodicity to wavelength (d/lambda). The dispersion curves and the space-harmonic amplitudes of these fields are examined for both TE and TM modes. Specific numerical examples are given for the cases of holographic layers and for rectangularly corrugated gratings; these show the detailed behavior of the principal field components and the dependence of waveguiding and leakage characteristics on the physical parameters of the periodic configuration.
Pattern recognition receptors and control of adaptive immunity (2008)

The mammalian immune system effectively fights infection through the cooperation of two connected systems, innate and adaptive immunity. Germ-line encoded pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) of the innate immune system sense the presence of infection and activate innate immunity. Some PRRs also induce signals that lead to the activation of adaptive immunity. Adaptive immunity is controlled by PRR-induced signals at multiple checkpoints dictating the initiation of a response, the type of response, the magnitude and duration of the response, and the production of long-term memory. PRRs thus instruct the adaptive immune system on when and how to best respond to a particular infection. In this review, we discuss the roles of various PRRs in control of adaptive immunity.
Antigen-specific human T-cell responses and T cell–dependent production of human antibodies in a humanized mouse model (2008)

Humanized mice with a functional human immune system would be very useful for in vivo studies of human immunobiology. We have previously shown that cotransplantation of human fetal thymus/liver tissues and CD34(+) fetal liver cells into immunodeficient nonobese diabetic severe combined immunodeficiency (NOD/SCID) mice leads to the development of multiple lineages of human lymphohematopoietic cells and formation of secondary lymphoid organs with normal architecture. Here, we evaluated the ability of these humanized mice to develop antigen-specific, T cell-dependent antibody responses after in vivo immunization with T-dependent antigen, 2,4-dinitrophenyl hapten-keyhole limpet hemocyanin (DNP(23)-KLH). Human T cells from DNP(23)-KLH-immunized mice showed strong proliferation in response to KLH in vitro. Furthermore, T cell-dependent production of DNP-specific human antibodies (mainly IgG1 and IgG2) was detected in all immunized mice. These results confirm that a functional human immune system can be established in immunodeficient mice through cotransplantation of human fetal thymus/liver tissues and CD34(+) hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells.
Droxinostat, a Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor, Induces Apoptosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Lines via Activation of the Mitochondrial Pathway and Downregulation of FLIP (2016)

Droxinostat suppresses HDAC3 expression and induces histone acetylation and HCC cell death through activation of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway and downregulation of FLIP, supporting its potential application in the treatment of HCC.
Report of the Expert Panel on Population Strategies for Blood Cholesterol Reduction. A statement from the National Cholesterol Education Program, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health. (1991)

Expert Panel Population Strategies for Cholesterol Reduction for continued research and evaluation as eating patterns change, blood cholesterol levels decrease, and CHD continues to decline.
Effects of acivicin and dichloroallyl lawsone upon pyrimidine biosynthesis in mouse L1210 leukemia cells. (1986)

Acivicin (NSC 163501) and dichloroallyl lawsone (NSC 126771) are potent inhibitors of nucleotide biosynthesis with consequent anti-cancer activity against certain experimental tumors. To determine in detail the metabolic events induced by each inhibitor, we have devised a new two-dimensional chromatographic procedure for measurement of the concentrations of all pyrimidine intermediates and some purine nucleotides from 100 microliter of an extract of cells grown in the presence of [14C]bicarbonate. Addition of acivicin (25 microM) to mouse L1210 leukemia cells causes severe depletion in the cellular levels of CTP and GTP, accumulation of uridine nucleotides, and abrupt but transient increases in the concentrations of the early intermediates of both the pyrimidine and purine pathways. Addition of dichloroallyl lawsone (25 microM) results in a rapid depletion of uridine and cytidine nucleotides; carbamyl aspartate and dihydroorotate accumulate to high levels in an equilibrium ratio of 20.5:1, and orotate, orotidine, and UMP increase transiently before decreasing to levels approaching their original steady states. The predominant inhibitory effects of acivicin are upon the reactions UTP----CTP and XMP----GMP, but there is also an initial transient activation of both the pyrimidine and purine pathways by acivicin. The data obtained with dichloroallyl lawsone are consistent with inhibition of the conversion of UMP----UDP initially followed by potent inhibition of dihydroorotate----orotate.
Analysis of the contributions of herpes simplex virus type 1 membrane proteins to the induction of cell-cell fusion (1994)

The contributions of a set of herpes simplex virus type 1 membrane proteins towards the process of cell-cell fusion were examined with a series of deletion mutants into which a syncytial mutation had been introduced at codon 855 of the glycoprotein B (gB) gene. Analysis of the fusion phenotypes of these recombinant viruses in Vero cells revealed that while gC, gG, US5, and UL43 are dispensable for syncytium formation at both high and low multiplicities of infection, gD, gHgL, gE, gI, and gM were all required for the fusion of cellular membranes. These data confirm that the requirements for virion entry and cell-cell fusion are not identical. gD and gHgL, like gB, are essential for both processes. gG, gI, and gM, on the other hand, are dispensable for virus penetration, yet play a role in cell-to-cell spread by the direct contact route, at least on an SC16 gBANG background.
Erythroid phenotypes associated with KLF1 mutations (2011)

rythroid Krppel-Like Factor (KLF1; previously known as EKLF) is an essential erythroid-specific transcription factor that was first identified by Miller and Bieker in 1993. Mutations in the -globin CACC box which prevent KLF1 binding are a cause of -thalassemia. 2 KLF1 has three zinc finger domains, which mediate sequencespecific binding to DNA and are, therefore, essential for activation of KLF1 target genes (Figure
Hydrothermal Synthesis of a Metal-Organic Framework Containing Large Rectangular Channels (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHydrothermal Synthesis of a Metal-Organic Framework Containing Large Rectangular ChannelsO. M. Yaghi and Hailian LiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 41, 10401–10402Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00146a033https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00146a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views13180Altmetric-Citations1500LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts