gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abnormal lymphatic vessel development in neuropilin 2 mutant mice (2002)

Neuropilin 2 is a receptor for class III semaphorins and for certain members of the vascular endothelial growth factor family. Targeted inactivation of the neuropilin 2 gene (Nrp2) has previously shown its role in neural development. We report that neuropilin 2 expression in the vascular system is restricted to veins and lymphatic vessels. Homozygous Nrp2 mutants show absence or severe reduction of small lymphatic vessels and capillaries during development. This correlated with a reduction of DNA synthesis in the lymphatic endothelial cells of the mutants. Arteries, veins and larger, collecting lymphatic vessels developed normally, suggesting that neuropilin 2 is selectively required for the formation of small lymphatic vessels and capillaries.
Imaging Nervous System Activity (1997)

Optical imaging methods rely upon visualization of three types of signals: (1) intrinsic optical signals, including light scattering and reflectance, birefringence, and spectroscopic changes of intrinsic molecules, such as NADH or oxyhemoglobin; (2) changes in fluorescence or absorbance of voltage-sensitive membrane dyes; and (3) changes in fluorescence or absorbance of calcium-sensitive indicator dyes. Of these, the most widely used approach is fluorescent microscopy of calcium-sensitive dyes. This unit describes protocols for the use of calcium-sensitive dyes and voltage-dependent dyes for studies of neuronal activity in culture, tissue slices, and en-bloc preparations of the central nervous system.
Native-oxide coupled-cavity AlxGa1−xAs-GaAs quantum well heterostructure laser diodes (1991)

Data are presented demonstrating AlxGa1−xAs-GaAs quantum well heterostructure laser diodes consisting of an array of coupled cavities (19 μm long on 22 μm centers, ∼250 μm total length) arranged lengthwise in single 10-μm-wide laser stripes. The cavities are defined by a native oxide formed from a significant portion of the high-gap AlxGa1−xAs upper confining layer. The native oxide (grown at 425 °C in H2O vapor+N2 carrier gas) confines the injected carriers and optical field within the cavities, resulting in reflection and optical feedback distributed periodically along the laser stripe. These diodes exhibit single-longitudinal-mode operation over an extended range (relative to similar diodes fabricated without multiple cavities). At high current injection levels, longitudinal-mode spectra demonstrate unambiguously oscillation from the internal coupled cavities.
A Clinical Trial of Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion Versus Multiple Daily Injections in Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes (2005)

In older subjects with insulin-treated type 2 diabetes, both CSII and MDI achieved excellent glycemic control with good safety and patient satisfaction.
Gallium arsenide nanocrystals prepared in quinoline (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGallium arsenide nanocrystals prepared in quinolineHiroyuki Uchida, Calvin J. Curtis, and Arthur J. NozikCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1991, 95, 14, 5382–5384Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100167a006https://doi.org/10.1021/j100167a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views354Altmetric-Citations69LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
S-phase-specific transcription regulatory elements are present in a replication-independent testis-specific H2B histone gene. (2020)

The testis-specific H2B histone (TH2B) gene is expressed in pachytene spermatocytes during meiotic prophase I in the absence of any significant DNA synthesis. Unlike somatic histones, synthesis of testis-specific histones is not affected by inhibitors of DNA synthesis. A genomic rat TH2B gene was cloned by using a DNA fragment derived from TH2B cDNA as a probe. Expression of the cloned TH2B was investigated by gene transfer experiments. From these studies, we found that the 5' upstream region of the cloned TH2B gene contained S-phase-specific transcription elements which regulated expression of a reporter gene in an S-phase-specific manner. The S-phase-regulatory element was found to be located in two regions containing CCAAT elements between -153 and -110 base pairs (bp) and an octamer element (ATTTGCAT) between -109 and -84 bp. The two regions were required for a maximal stimulation of transcription of the cloned TH2B gene in S phase. On the other hand, only the octamer element was reported be important for the S-phase-specific transcription of human H2B gene. Since the synthesis of the TH2B histone is independent of DNA synthesis and specific for pachytene spermatocytes in vivo, the presence of the S-phase-specific transcription regulatory elements in the TH2B gene is surprising.
Natriuretic peptide metabolism, clearance and degradation (2011)

Atrial natriuretic peptide, B-type natriuretic peptide and C-type natriuretic peptide constitute a family of three structurally related, but genetically distinct, signaling molecules that regulate the cardiovascular, skeletal, nervous, reproductive and other systems by activating transmembrane guanylyl cyclases and elevating intracellular cGMP concentrations. This review broadly discusses the general characteristics of natriuretic peptides and their cognate signaling receptors, and then specifically discusses the tissue-specific metabolism of natriuretic peptides and their degradation by neprilysin, insulin-degrading enzyme, and natriuretic peptide receptor-C.
Therapeutic Effects of Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation in Experimental Lupus Nephritis (2010)

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been shown to possess immunomodulatory properties. Systemic lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune disease that results in nephritis and subsequent destruction of renal microstructure. We investigated whether transplantation of human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs (uMSCs) is useful in alleviating lupus nephritis in a murine model. It was found that uMSCs transplantation significantly delayed the development of proteinuria, decreased anti-dsDNA, alleviated renal injury, and prolonged the life span. There was a trend of decreasing T-helper (Th) 1 cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-2) and proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-12) and increasing Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-10). The in vitro coculture experiments showed that uMSCs only inhibited lymphocytes and splenocytes proliferation but not mesangial cells. Long-term engraftment of uMSCs in the kidney was not observed either. Together, these findings indicated that uMSCs were effective in decreasing renal inflammation and alleviating experimental lupus nephritis by inhibiting lymphocytes, inducing polarization of Th2 cytokines, and inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines production rather than direct engraftment and differentiating into renal tissue. Therapeutic effects demonstrated in this preclinical study support further exploration of the possibility to use uMSCs from mismatched donors in lupus nephritis treatment.
Peptide-based Vaccines in the Treatment of Specific Allergy (2002)

The efficacy of conventional allergen-specific immunotherapy (SIT) for allergic conditions and venom hypersensitivity is well documented. However it's use is limited due allergic side effects including anaphylaxis and the difficulty of standardising proteins in complex allergenic mixtures. The aim of new therapeutic strategies is to circumvent these limitations and approaches include allergen non-specific therapy, such as anti-IgE and anti-cytokine therapy and other allergen specific techniques including the peptide based vaccines (PBV), modified allergens (allergoids) and DNA vaccines. PBV are small linear peptide fragments containing T cell epitopes which are designed to reduce the ability to cross link antigen-specific IgE. Studies in animal models have confirmed proof of principle demonstrating the induction of hyporesponsiveness using high doses of peptides. However, the principle limitation to clinical use of PBV is the polymorphism of HLA class II molecules. There are ongoing clinical studies using peptide-based vaccines for cat, bee and grass allergies--looking at both immunological mechanisms and clinical outcome measures. The mechanisms underlying the efficacy of PBV appear to be similar to those described for classical immunological tolerance. Thus, the peptides may induce anergy due to absence of co-stimulation, activation-induced cell death, a switch from a Th2 to a Th1 cytokine profile, the induction of regulatory T cells or combinations of these mechanisms. Successful immunotherapy, in bee sensitive individuals, is associated with the elaboration of IL-10. Clonal deletion is unlikely as an overall mechanism as there is evidence that the subsequent in vitro response to associated, non-injected, peptides can be suppressed. Mechanistic studies continue to provide insight into the mode of action of whole allergen and peptide-based immunotherapy. Clinical studies designed on the basis of these observations hold the promise of safer vaccines with improved efficacy. Whether this strategy can be used for allergy to complex allergen mixtures such as dust mites will need further evaluation.
Prediction of protein conformation (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPrediction of protein conformationPeter Y. Chou and Gerald D. FasmanCite this: Biochemistry 1974, 13, 2, 222–245Publication Date (Print):January 15, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 January 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00699a002https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00699a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views5241Altmetric-Citations2510LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal function in human immunodeficiency virus-infected men. (1996)

We prospectively studied adrenal function in 51 human immunodeficiency virus-positive male patients, including heterosexuals, homosexuals, and iv drug users, classified according to 1987 CDC criteria as belonging to stages II/III or IVC. Basal serum concentrations of cortisol (F), progesterone (P4) and 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone (17 alpha-OHP4) were determined during the two stages. In stage IVC patients, the circadian rhythms of ACTH and F were assessed, and ovine CRH (oCRH) and immediate cosyntropin-stimulating tests were evaluated. Serum concentrations of hormones were analyzed in relationship to the absolute CD4 cell count in all subjects. The mean serum F concentration in stage IVC patients, the mean P4 concentration in stage II/III and IVC patients, and the mean 17 alpha-OHP4 level in stage II/III patients were significantly increased compared to control values (P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001, and P < 0.002, respectively). The mean serum F concentration in stage IVC patients was significantly increased compared to that in stage II/III patients (P < 0.004), and the mean serum 17 alpha-OHP4 concentration in stage II/III patients was significantly increased compared to that in stage IVC patients (P < 0.02). In the 22 stage IVC patients, the circadian rhythms of ACTH and F were normal in all but 7 for ACTH and 5 for F, whereas oCRH test results indicated that 14 of them had reduced or blunted responses. By contrast, cosyntropin stimulation results were normal. CD4 cell counts were significantly negatively correlated with the serum F concentration (P < 0.02). In conclusion, during human immunodeficiency virus infection, the serum F concentration was negatively correlated with CD4 cell counts. Cosyntropin test results were normal, but 63% of the stage IVC men had abnormal responses to oCRH.
Biological Markers in Noninvasive Brain Stimulation Trials in Major Depressive Disorder (2013)

Functional magnetic resonance imaging, single-photon emission computed tomography, positron emission tomography, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, cortical excitability, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor consistently showed positive results. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor was the best predictor of patients' likeliness to respond. These initial results are promising; however, all studies investigating BMs are small, used heterogeneous samples, and did not take into account confounders such as age, sex, or family history. Based on our findings, we recommend further studies to validate BMs in noninvasive brain stimulation trials in MDD.
Automatic algorithm for skin profile detection in photoacoustic microscopy (2009)

We have developed an automatic algorithm to detect the skin profiles in the volumetric data acquired by photoacoustic microscopy for subcutaneous vasculature imaging. This algorithm analyzes the relationship between amplitudes of photoacoustic signals generated from the skin surface and underlying blood vessels to achieve a rough estimation of the skin profile. A better approximation of the skin profile is then acquired after nonparametric smoothing and Gaussian low-pass spatial filtering. An auto-fit scan mechanism is further developed based on the detected skin profile to achieve good ultrasonic focusing on the subcutaneous vessel layer when the skin contour variation is much larger than the ultrasonic focal zone. The importance of skin profile detection in calculating the maximum-amplitude-projection images and significantly improving the image quality by employing the auto-fit scan are demonstrated by in vivo experimental results.
On The Congruence Of Noisy Images To Line Segment Models (2005)

An algorithm is described for matching two-dimensional images that does not depend on the extraction of features, a step which is often difficult or impractical. It combines computational efficiency with robustness against noisy data. It has been tested with two kinds of data. The algorithm matches a two-dimensional image, in the form of a set of points, to a line segment model. It estimates a positive congruence (i.e., a translation plus a rotation) that moves the image onto the model. The algorithm is most appropriate for matching when the required congruence is small, and it seems very well suited to motion-tracking. Experimental results have been obtained for two kinds of images: (1) points obtained from an optical range finder, and (2) edge points extracted from an intensity image. Only the former results are presented.
Taking Electroporation-Based Delivery of DNA Vaccination into Humans: A Generic Clinical Protocol (2008)

We are presently aware of two early-phase DNA vaccine clinical trials in humans using electroporation-enhanced vaccine delivery. Moreover, two phase I immunogenetherapy studies are in progress and several tolerability studies have been performed on healthy volunteers. We have used knowledge from these studies to compose a template for clinical protocols involving electroporation-mediated gene delivery. In this template the emphasis will be on aspects related to electroporation. In addition, we will discuss general topics concerning electroporation-augmented DNA vaccination in human subjects.
Adaptive hydrostatic blood pressure calibration: Development of a wearable, autonomous pulse wave velocity blood pressure monitor (2007)

A technique for calibrating non-invasive peripheral arterial sensor signals to peripheral arterial blood pressure (BP) is proposed. The adaptive system identification method utilizes a measurable intra-arterial hydrostatic pressure change in the sensor outfitted appendage to identify the transduction dynamics relating the peripheral arterial blood pressure and the measured arterial sensor signal. The proposed algorithm allows identification of the calibration dynamics despite unknown physiologic fluctuations in arterial pressure during the calibration period under certain prescribed conditions. By employing unique wearable sensor architecture to estimate pulse wave velocity (PWV), this technique is used to calibrate peripheral pulse transit time measurements to arterial blood pressure. This sensor architecture is comprised of two inline photoplethysmograph sensors one in the form of a wristwatch measuring the pulse waveform in the ulnar artery and one in the form of a ring measuring the pulse waveform from the digital artery along the base of the little finger. Experimental results using the proposed algorithm to calibrate PTT to BP on human subjects will be presented.
Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis: A Case Series from a Medical Center in New York State (1996)

The illness associated with HGE in these patients from the northeastern United States was more mild than that originally described in reports of HGE in the midwestern United States.
Response of Danaus plexippus to pollen of two new Bt corn events via laboratory bioassay (2005)

Abstract Laboratory bioassays were conducted to evaluate the response of first instar larvae of the monarch butterfly, Danaus plexippus L. (Lepidoptera: Danaidae), a non‐target species, to pollen from corn, Zea mays L. (Commelinales: Poaceae), from two new corn hybrids genetically modified to express different types of insecticidal proteins derived from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bacillales: Bacillaceae) (Bt). One hybrid expresses both Cry1Ab and Cry2Ab2 proteins (MON 810 × MON 84006), active against lepidopteran pests, and the other expresses Cry3Bb1 protein (MON 863), targeted against coleopteran pests. First instar larvae were placed on milkweed leaves ( Asclepias syriaca L.) (Gentianales: Asclepiadaceae) dusted with doses of either Bt pollen or its nonexpressing (isoline) pollen counterpart ranging from 50 to 3200 grains cm −2 of milkweed leaves, or no pollen at all. Larvae were exposed to pollen for 4 days, then moved to pollen‐free leaves and observed for another 6 days. Survival was observed after 2, 4, and 10 days. Weight gain was estimated after 4 and 10 days, leaf consumption after 2 and 4 days, and larval development after 10 days. Exposure to pollen of the Cry1Ab/Cry2Ab2‐Bt expressing hybrid reduced larval survival approximately 7.5–23.5% at the dose ranges tested relative to a no pollen control. Larval weight gain and consumption were reduced for larvae exposed to pollen of this hybrid and a small minority of larvae (3.1%) never developed past the third instar after 10 days of observation. Exposure to pollen of the Cry3Bb1‐Bt expressing hybrid had no negative effects on larval mortality, weight gain, consumption, or development relative to the consumption of Bt‐free corn pollen. The relevance of these findings to the risk that these Bt corn hybrids pose to monarch populations is discussed.
Highly thermostable fungal cellobiohydrolase I (Cel7A) engineered using predictive methods (2012)

Building on our previous efforts to generate thermostable chimeric fungal cellobiohydrolase I (CBH I, also known as Cel7A) cellulases by structure-guided recombination, we used FoldX and a 'consensus' sequence approach to identify individual mutations present in the five homologous parent CBH I enzymes which further stabilize the chimeras. Using the FoldX force field, we calculated the effect on ΔG(Folding) of each candidate mutation in a number of CBH I structures and chose those predicted to be stabilizing in multiple structures. With an alignment of 41 CBH I sequences, we also used amino acid frequencies at each candidate position to calculate predicted effects on ΔG(Folding). A combination of mutations chosen using these methods increased the T(50) of the most thermostable chimera by an additional 4.7°C, to yield a CBH I with T(50) of 72.1°C, which is 9.2°C higher than that of the most stable native CBH I, from Talaromyces emersonii. This increased stability resulted in a 10°C increase in the optimal temperature for activity, to 65°C, and a 50% increase in total sugar production from crystalline cellulose at the optimal temperature, compared with native T.emersonii CBH I.
Resolution of Holliday junctions by eukaryotic DNA topoisomerase I. (1996)

The Holliday junction, a key intermediate in both homologous and site-specific recombination, is generated by the reciprocal exchange of single strands between two DNA duplexes. Resolution of the junctions can occur in two directions with respect to flanking markers, either restoring the parental DNA configuration or generating a genetic crossover. Recombination can be regulated, in principle, by factors that influence the directionality of the resolution step. We demonstrate that the vaccinia virus DNA topoisomerase, a eukaryotic type I enzyme, catalyzes resolution of synthetic Holliday junctions in vitro. The mechanism entails concerted transesterifications at two recognition sites, 5'-CCCTT decreases, that are opposed within a partially mobile four-way junction. Cruciforms are resolved unidirectionally and with high efficiency into two linear duplexes. These findings suggest a model whereby type I topoisomerases may either promote or suppress genetic recombination in vivo.
Conversational Heuristic as a Reflexive Method for Feminist Research (2002)

(2002). Conversational Heuristic as a Reflexive Method for Feminist Research. International Review of Sociology: Vol. 12, No. 2, pp. 249-255.
Geografía de lo fantástico en la escritura femenina latinoamericana (1995)

En alguna conversación que sostuvimos durante un congreso reciente, Rafael Gutiérrez Girardot me dijo que en Latinoamérica no había realmente literaturas nacionales, ya que los inventores de formas narrativas y poéticas evolucionaban en circunstancias históricas y sociales comunes a todos los países. Se me ocurrió entonces que, con respecto a novelistas y escritoras, se podría intentar una topografía, o mejor, una geografía de géneros, tomando en cuenta los procesos de transculturación e intertextualidad y abarcando el romanticismo, el regionalismo, el realismo y, ¿por qué no?, el género fantástico.