gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Continuous acetone–butanol–ethanol production by corn stalk immobilized cells (2009)

Corn stalk was used as a support to immobilize Clostridia beijerinckii ATCC 55025 in the fermentation process of acetone, butanol, and ethanol production. The effect of the dilution rate on solvent production was examined in a steady-state 20-day continuous flow operation. The maximum total solvent concentration of 8.99 g l(-1) was obtained at a dilution rate of 0.2 h(-1). Increasing the dilution rate between 0.2 and 1.0 h(-1) resulted in an increased solvent productivity, and the highest solvent productivity was obtained at 5.06 g l(-1) h(-1) with a dilution rate of 1 h(-1). The maximum solvent yield from glucose of 0.32 g g(-1) was observed at 0.25 h(-1). The cell adsorption and morphology change during the growth on corn stalk support were examined by the SEM.
Association between postnatal catch-up growth and obesity in childhood: prospective cohort study (2000)

In this contemporary well nourished cohort, catch-up growth was predicted by factors relating to intrauterine restraint of fetal growth. Children who showed catch-up growth between zero and two years were fatter and had more central fat distribution at five years than other children. Mechanisms that signal and regulate early catch-up growth in the postnatal period may influence associations between small size at birth and risks for disease in adulthood.
Intracellular accumulation of azithromycin by cultured human fibroblasts (1990)

Azithromycin was shown to achieve high concentrations in human skin fibroblasts. Intracellular penetration occurred rapidly (10 micrograms/mg of cellular protein after 3 h) and then increased progressively over a 3-day period; azithromycin accumulated up to 21 times more than erythromycin (61.1 versus 2.9 micrograms/mg of protein). Uptake was dependent on the extracellular concentration, was inhibited at 4 degrees C, did not occur in nonviable cells, and was reduced by a low pH. Intracellular accumulation was not affected by the metabolic inhibitor 2,4-dinitrophenol or sodium fluoride or by the nucleoside transport inhibitor 2-chloradenosine. Once concentrated in cells, azithromycin remained intracellular and was released slowly in the absence of extracellular drug, compared with erythromycin (17 versus 78% released after 1 h). After 48 h of incubation in drug-free medium, 27% of the initial amount of azithromycin remained cell associated. The release of azithromycin was not affected by various monokines reported to stimulate fibroblasts (interleukin-1 or tumor necrosis factor) or by exposure to bacteria. Incubation of azithromycin-loaded fibroblasts with human polymorphonuclear leukocytes resulted in a higher intracellular accumulation of azithromycin in polymorphonuclear leukocytes than in cells incubated with free nonintracellular azithromycin for the same time (8.3 versus 2.2 micrograms/ml after 2 h), suggesting a more efficient or rapid uptake through cell-to-cell interaction. The widespread distribution of fibroblasts in tissues suggests a potential for these cells, and possibly other lysosome-containing tissue cells, to serve as a reservoir for azithromycin, slowly releasing it for activity against extracellular organisms at sites of infection and passing it to phagocytes for activity against intracellular pathogens and potential transport to sites of infection.
Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) IV: Hospital mortality assessment for today’s critically ill patients* (2006)

APACHE IV predictions of hospital mortality have good discrimination and calibration and should be useful for benchmarking performance in U.S. ICUs. The accuracy of predictive models is dynamic and should be periodically retested. When accuracy deteriorates they should be revised and updated.
[Physiologic and pathologic rebound nystagmus. Description and comparison]. (1991)

Using a binocular, infrared charged coupled device (CCD), an eye tracker coupled with an Olivetti M24 PC (resolution up to 0.1 degrees, scanning with 80 frames/s), the eye movements of 20 normal individuals with normal visual acuity and binocular function were recorded to detect physiological endpoint (EPN) and rebound nystagmus (RN). Each subject was asked to fixate a target located in the primary position (PP) and after 5 s of recording time, to look at a target either 50 degrees to the right or left of the PP for approximately 20 s and then return for the last few seconds to the PP, EPN recordings were made with the room lights on and RN recordings were made both with the lights on and in total darkness. A forehead and chin rest with bite board were used. Twelve of the 20 subjects showed EPN and RN with the lights on. The 8 subjects that did not demonstrate EPN also showed no RN with the lights on. Recordings from all 20 subjects showed RN in darkness. No differences in amplitude were found between the abducted and adducted eyes. Although clear differences in the characteristics of gaze paretic or drug-related lateral gaze nystagmus and EPN have been found, no systematic differences in RN under lighted conditions had been observed between patients and normal subjects.
Protection against cartilage proteoglycan synthesis inhibition by antiinterleukin 1 antibodies in experimental arthritis. (1992)

We have used neutralizing antibodies raised against murine recombinant interleukin 1 (IL-1) to demonstrate a role for IL-1 in the cartilage destruction and inflammation of antigen induced arthritis. Ex vivo production of IL-1 was demonstrated in tissue cultures of joint cross sections shortly after arthritis induction. Neutralizing antimurine IL-1 antibodies identified the activity to be about 80% IL-1 alpha 24 h after onset of arthritis. In animals receiving a single injection of anti-IL-1 antisera at Day -3, cartilage proteoglycan synthesis suppression during the first 2 days of arthritis was prevented. Normal proteoglycan synthesis was maintained until Day 4 when anti-IL-1 antisera was given at Days -2, 0, and 2 or arthritis. Dose response experiments showed that the reduction in inflammation was insufficient to account for the clearcut reduction in cartilage proteoglycan synthesis inhibition. Our results demonstrate that IL-1 plays a role in cartilage pathology in murine antigen induced arthritis.
SynCFr: Synchronization Collaboration Framework (2009)

We present the SynCFr framework (synchronization collaboration framework) supporting the management of composite applications and the synchronization of heterogeneous applications and services cooperating within a shared context. SynCFr supports the management of services and applications based on Web APIs, REST interfaces and WSDL/SOAP interfaces. The key element of SynCFr is the cross-application context, a shared dataspace used to collect and distribute the business data and synchronization information generated by the components to be integrated. By exploiting SynCFr, we developed an integrated collaboration environment answering different organizational life needs, both in the user's private life, and in team collaboration. The environment provides the user with a unified view of her activities in multiple collaboration spheres.
A construct with fluorescent indicators for conditional expression of miRNA (2008)

We have designed and tested a conditional miRNA-expression construct and showed that this construct expresses both the marker genes strongly and can silence the target gene efficiently upon Cre-mediated induction of the miRNA expression. This construct can be used to increase the efficiency of making cell lines or transgenic animals that stably express miRNA targeting specific genes.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rab-GDI Displacement Factor Ortholog Yip3p Forms Distinct Complexes with the Ypt1 Rab GTPase and the Reticulon Rtn1p (2005)

Rab GTPases are crucial regulators of organelle biogenesis, maintenance, and transport. Multiple Rabs are expressed in all cells, and each is localized to a distinct set of organelles, but little is known regarding the mechanisms by which Rabs are targeted to their resident organelles. Integral membrane proteins have been postulated to serve as receptors that recruit Rabs from the cytosol in a complex with the Rab chaperone, GDI, to facilitate the dissociation of Rab and GDI, hence facilitating loading of Rabs on membranes. We show here that the yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) Golgi Rab GTPase Ypt1p can be copurified with the integral membrane protein Yip3p from detergent cell extracts. In addition, a member of the highly conserved reticulon protein family, Rtn1p, is also associated with Yip3p in vivo. However, Ypt1p did not copurify with Rtn1p, indicating that Yip3p is a component of at least two different protein complexes. Yip3p and Rtn1p are only partially colocalized in cells, with Yip3p localized predominantly to the Golgi and secondarily to the endoplasmic reticulum, whereas Rtn1p is localized predominantly to the endoplasmic reticulum and secondarily to the Golgi. Surprisingly, the intracellular localization of Rabs was not perturbed in yip3Delta or rtn1Delta mutants, suggesting that these proteins do not play a role in targeting Rabs to intracellular membranes. These data indicate that Yip3p may have multiple functions and that its interaction with Rabs is not critical for their recruitment to organelle membranes.
Microbial degradation of the morphine alkaloids. Purification and characterization of morphine dehydrogenase from Pseudomonas putida M10 (1991)

The NADP(+)-dependent morphine dehydrogenase that catalyses the oxidation of morphine to morphinone was detected in glucose-grown cells of Pseudomonas putida M10. A rapid and reliable purification procedure involving two consecutive affinity chromatography steps on immobilized dyes was developed for purifying the enzyme 1216-fold to electrophoretic homogeneity from P. putida M10. Morphine dehydrogenase was found to be a monomer of Mr 32,000 and highly specific with regard to substrates, oxidizing only the C-6 hydroxy group of morphine and codeine. The pH optimum of morphine dehydrogenase was 9.5, and at pH 6.5 in the presence of NADPH the enzyme catalyses the reduction of codeinone to codeine. The Km values for morphine and codeine were 0.46 mM and 0.044 mM respectively. The enzyme was inhibited by thiol-blocking reagents and the metal-complexing reagents 1,10-phenanthroline and 2,2'-dipyridyl, suggesting that a metal centre may be necessary for activity of the enzyme.
Scheduling for Two-stage Process with Lot Production and Single-unit Conveyance under Just-in-time Environment (1995)

This paper considers a scheduling problem for hybrid two-stage process with lot production and single-unit conveyance under just-in-time production environment. Every lot is processed by each prespecified facility in the first and second stages in this order. Suppose the processing and conveyance times for one unit are sufficiently short, and one unit of a lot is conveyed to the facility in the second stage and is processed immediately, as soon as it has been processed by the facility in the first stage. An optimization algorithm for the scheduling problem based on the branch-and-bound method is developed to effectively determine the optimum solution to minimize the total earliness under a constraint of no tardy lots. In the proposed algorithm, the branching operation is performed by utilizing the concept of latest completion time, and the lower bound for hybrid two-stage process is derived by determining the total minimum overlapping time for each stage. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is also shown by some simulation results.
Influence of the vegetable oil refining process on free and esterified sterols (2002)

Abstract The influence of the refining process on the distribution of free and esterified phytosterols in corn, palm, and soybean oil was studied. Water degumming did not affect the phytosterol content or its composition. A slight increase in the content of free sterols was observed during acid degumming and bleaching due to acid‐catalyzed hydrolysis of steryl esters. A significant reduction in the content of total sterols during neutralization was observed, which was attributed to a reduction in the free sterol fraction. Free sterols probably form micelles with soaps and are transferred into the soapstock. The steryl ester content remained constant during all neutralization experiments, indicating that hydrolysis of steryl esters did not take place during neutralization. During deodorization, free sterols are distilled from the oil, resulting in a gradual reduction in the total sterol content as a function of the deodorization temperature (220–260°C). A considerable increase in the steryl ester fraction was found during physical refining, probably owing to a heat‐promoted esterification reaction between free sterols and FA.
Data warehousing and OLAP for decision support (1997)

On-Line Analytical Processing (OLAP) and Data Warehousing are decision support technologies. Their goal is to enable enterprises to gain competitive advantage by exploiting the ever-growing amount of data that is collected and stored in corporate databases and files for better and faster decision making. Over the past few years, these technologies have experienced explosive growth, both in the number of products and services offered, and in the extent of coverage in the trade press. Vendors, including all database companies, are paying increasing attention to all aspects of decision support.
MailCat: an intelligent assistant for organizing e-mail (1999)

While most mail reader applications allow users to file messages into folders, in practice this task tends to be tedious. For each message, the user must first decide which folder is most appropriate. Then, the user must inform the mail reader of that choice by selecting the appropriate icon or menu item from among what is typically a set of several dozen choices. The combined effort of choosing a folder and conveying that choice to the application often discourages users from filing their mail, resulting in unmanageable inboxes that contain hundreds or even thousands of unfiled messages. MailCat encourages users to file their mail by simplifying the task. Using an adaptive classifier, it predicts the three folders that are most likely to be appropriate for a given message, and provides shortcut buttons that permit the user to file it into a predicted folder effortlessly. For typical users, MailCat&amp;apos;s predictions are accurate over 80% to 90% of the time, resulting in a substantial reduc...
The Effect of Psilocin on Memory Acquisition, Retrieval, and Consolidation in the Rat (2014)

The involvement of the serotonin system in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia has been elucidated by experiments with hallucinogens. Application of a hallucinogen to humans leads to changes in perception, cognition, emotions, and induction of psychotic-like symptoms that resemble symptoms of schizophrenia. In rodent studies, their acute administration affects sensorimotor gating, locomotor activity, social behavior, and cognition including working memory, the phenotypes are considered as an animal model of schizophrenia. The complexity and singularity of human cognition raises questions about the validity of animal models utilizing agonists of 5-HT2A receptors. The present study thus investigated the effect of psilocin on memory acquisition, reinforced retrieval, and memory consolidation in rats. Psilocin is a main metabolite of psilocybin acting as an agonist at 5-HT2A receptors with a contribution of 5-HT2C and 5-HT1A receptors. First, we tested the effect of psilocin on the acquisition of a Carousel maze, a spatial task requiring navigation using distal cues, attention, and cognitive coordination. Psilocin significantly impaired the acquisition of the Carousel maze at both doses (1 and 4 mg/kg). The higher dose of psilocin blocked the learning processes even in an additional session when the rats received only saline. Next, we examined the effect of psilocin on reinforced retrieval and consolidation in the Morris water maze (MWM). The dose of 4 mg/kg disrupted reinforced retrieval in the MWM. However, the application of a lower dose was without any significant effect. Finally, neither the low nor high dose of psilocin injected post-training caused a deficit in memory consolidation in the MWM. Taken together, the psilocin dose dependently impaired the acquisition of the Carousel maze and reinforced retrieval in MWM; however, it had no effect on memory consolidation.
A Widely Conserved Gene Cluster Required for Lactate Utilization inBacillus subtilisand Its Involvement in Biofilm Formation (2009)

We report that catabolism of l-lactate in Bacillus subtilis depends on the previously uncharacterized yvfV-yvfW-yvbY (herein renamed lutABC) operon, which is inferred to encode three iron-sulfur-containing proteins. The operon is under the dual control of a GntR-type repressor (LutR, formerly YvfI) and the master regulator for biofilm formation SinR and is induced during growth in response to l-lactate. Operons with high similarity to lutABC are present in the genomes of a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, raising the possibility that LutABC is a widely conserved and previously unrecognized pathway for the utilization of l-lactate or related metabolites.
Conformational Changes in Cell Surface HIV-1 Envelope Glycoproteins Are Triggered by Cooperation between Cell Surface CD4 and Co-receptors (1998)

We have continuously measured CD4-induced conformational changes of cell surface-expressed human immunodeficiency virus type-1 envelope glycoprotein gp120-gp41 in situ using 4,4'-dianilino-1, 1'-binaphthyl-5,5'-disulfonic acid, a fluorescent probe that binds to hydrophobic groups. CD4-expressing human T cell lines induced significant and rapid conformational changes (<1 min delay) in gp120-gp41 from T cell-tropic strains, and little conformational changes in gp120-gp41 from macrophage-tropic strains, with equivalent levels of envelope expression. Conversely, CD4-expressing human macrophages induced significant and rapid conformational changes in gp120-gp41 from macrophage-tropic strains, and little conformational changes in gp120-gp41 from T cell-tropic strains. Thus, the conformational changes undergone by gp120-gp41, which lead to membrane fusion, are highly cooperative and require both receptor and co-receptor. We used a dye transfer assay to show that neither membrane lipid fusion or fusion pore formation can occur with host cells having different tropism from the envelope.
CpG Island Methylator Phenotype and Childhood Leukemia (2006)

In this issue, Roman-Gomez et al. ([1][1]) report on the correlation of a positive CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) status, defined by aberrant hypermethylation of four genes ( DKK3, sFRP2, PTEN , and P73 ) with outcome in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who harbor the TEL-
Group morphology with convolution algebras (2010)

Group morphology is an extension of mathematical morphology with classical Minkowski sum and difference operations generalized respectively to Minkowski product and quotient operations over arbitrary groups. We show that group morphology is a proper setting for unifying, formulating and solving a number of important problems, including translational and rotational configuration space problems, mechanism workspace computation, and symmetry detection. The proposed computational approach is based on group convolution algebras, which extend classical convolutions and the Fourier transform to non-commutative groups. In particular, we show that all Minkowski product and quotient operations may be represented implicitly as sublevel sets of the same real-valued convolution function.
Appearance of images through a multifocal intraocular lens (2001)

The appearance of images through a multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) was simulated. The optical transfer function (OTF) of a model eye containing the multifocal lens was measured and divided by the OTF of the model eye with a monofocal IOL. This ratio was used to filter digital images, generating simulations that represent the retinal images seen through a multifocal intraocular lens when viewed through an eye with a monofocal lens. A dichoptic side-by-side display was used to present the original image to one eye, implanted with the multifocal lens, while the other eye, implanted with monofocal lens, viewed the simulations and variations on the simulations to derive a point of subjective equivalence. Four subjects with such bilateral lens implants were tested for near and distance vision. The results validate the test methodology and the simulations. Referenced to the nominal theoretical filter, the prediction was within a 0.25-diopter (D) blur for distance simulation and within a 0.50-D blur for the near-vision simulation.
Cost-utility of ferric carboxymaltose (Ferinject®) for iron-deficiency anemia patients with chronic heart failure in South Korea (2014)

Iron repletion with ferric carboxymaltose for IDA in CHF patients was cost-effective compared with placebo.
Enhanced carbon dioxide capture upon incorporation of N,N′-dimethylethylenediamine in the metal–organic framework CuBTTri (2011)

High capacity, high selectivity, and low-cost regeneration conditions are the most important criteria by which new adsorbents for post-combustion carbon dioxide capture will be judged. The incorporation of N,N′-dimethylethylenediamine (mmen) into H3[(Cu4Cl)3(BTTri)8 (CuBTTri; H3BTTri = 1,3,5-tri(1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)benzene), a water-stable, triazolate-bridged framework, is shown to drastically enhance CO2 adsorption, resulting in one of the best performing metal–organic frameworks for CO2 separation reported to date. High porosity was maintained despite stoichiometric attachment of mmen to the open metal sites of the framework, resulting in a BET surface area of 870 m2 g−1. At 25 °C under a 0.15 bar CO2/0.75 bar N2 mixture, mmen-CuBTTri adsorbs 2.38 mmol CO2 g−1 (9.5 wt%) with a selectivity of 327, as determined using Ideal Adsorbed Solution Theory (IAST). The high capacity and selectivity are consequences of the exceptionally large isosteric heat of CO2 adsorption, calculated to be −96 kJ mol−1 at zero coverage. Infrared spectra support chemisorption between amines and CO2 as one of the primary mechanisms of uptake. Despite the large initial heat of adsorption, the CO2 uptake was fully reversible and the framework could be easily regenerated at 60 °C, enabling a cycling time of just 27 min with no loss of capacity over the course of 72 adsorption/desorption cycles.