gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Assembly of the T-cell antigen receptor. Participation of the CD3 omega chain. (1993)

Abstract The human TCR is composed of the Ti alpha beta heterodimer in association with the CD3 chains CD3 gamma delta epsilon zeta 2. Another chain, referred to as CD3 omega, has recently been described in T cells. CD3 omega is an intracellular protein transiently associated with the CD3 complex during the assembly of the TCR in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and it is not expressed on the cell surface. The function of CD3 omega is unknown but it has been suggested that it plays an important role in the assembly of the TCR. We have studied the possible function of CD3 omega in the human leukemic T-cell line Jurkat and different variants of this cell line. Cells were metabolically labeled, subjected to lysis, immunoprecipitated, and analyzed by SDS-PAGE. The results indicate that: 1) CD3 omega associates primarily with the CD3 delta epsilon complex; 2) CD3 omega is not associated with single Ti alpha or Ti beta chains, but is present in complexes composed of both the CD3 and the Ti chains; 3) CD3 omega is part of the complete, intracellular receptor complex Ti alpha beta/CD3 gamma epsilon delta omega zeta 2; and 4) CD3 omega dissociates from the Ti/CD3 complex in the ER before maturation of the Ti alpha beta heterodimer. On the basis of these results, we propose a model for the assembly and subunit stoichiometry of the TCR complex which includes the participation of the CD3 omega chain.
883: The Anticancer Activity of Mycobacterial Cell Wall-DNA Complex (MCC) Against Human Bladder Cancer Cell Lines is Different to BCG (2007)

You have accessJournal of UrologyModerated Poster 25, Monday, May 21, 2007, 1:00 - 3:00 pm1 Apr 2007883: The Anticancer Activity of Mycobacterial Cell Wall-DNA Complex (MCC) Against Human Bladder Cancer Cell Lines is Different to BCG Nigel C. Phillips, Sonia Ménard, David S. Surprenant, Danbing Ke, and Mario C. Filion Nigel C. PhillipsNigel C. Phillips More articles by this author , Sonia MénardSonia Ménard More articles by this author , David S. SurprenantDavid S. Surprenant More articles by this author , Danbing KeDanbing Ke More articles by this author , and Mario C. FilionMario C. Filion More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)31111-XAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "883: The Anticancer Activity of Mycobacterial Cell Wall-DNA Complex (MCC) Against Human Bladder Cancer Cell Lines is Different to BCG." The Journal of Urology, 177(4S), p. 294 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 177Issue 4SApril 2007Page: 294 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Nigel C. Phillips More articles by this author Sonia Ménard More articles by this author David S. Surprenant More articles by this author Danbing Ke More articles by this author Mario C. Filion More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Periosteal and Perichondral Grafting in Reconstructive Surgery (1994)

Periosteum consists of multipotent mesodermal cells, and the influence of the environment on differentiation of cells of free periosteal grafts has been demonstrated in experimental studies. Periosteum has the capacity to form all varieties of connective tissue. The periosteum has osteogenic capacity, but it can also be used to promote cartilage formation in a chondrotrophic environment. Free periosteal grafts transplanted to the completely chondrectomized articular surfaces of patellae in experimental animals differentiated into cartilage. Joint motion appeared to be one of the chondrogenesis-promoting factors. The authors are optimistic about the potential clinical results with these types of grafts. Also, periosteal resurfacing of the metatarsal head was found to be suitable in the treatment of hallux rigidus and Freiberg's disease. Findings in growing rabbits showed that spinal fusion can be achieved with free periosteal grafts. This technique has been used to treat lumbar lytic spondylolisthesis in young patients, and the method produced clinical and radiologic results that were comparable with those obtained using bone transplants. This work indicates that some of the adverse effects of lumbar spinal fusion (e.g., postoperative spinal stenosis) can be avoided by using osteoperiosteal fusion. Also, periosteal grafting has proved useful in the treatment of thoracolumbar scoliosis. Free periosteal grafting has been used to treat congenital clefts of the maxilla and tracheal cartilage defects.
Isolation of cloned Moloney murine leukemia virus reverse transcriptase lacking ribonuclease H activity (1988)

Retroviral reverse transcriptase possesses DNA polymerase and ribonuclease H (RNase H) activity within a single polypeptide. Chemical or proteolytic treatment of reverse transcriptase has been used in the past to produce enzyme that is missing DNA polymerase activity and retains RNase H activity. It has not been possible to obtain reverse transcriptase that lacks RNase H but retains DNA polymerase activity. We have constructed a novel deletion derivative of the cloned Moloney murine leukemia virus (M-MLV) reverse transcriptase gene, expressed the gene in E. coli, and purified the protein to near homogeneity. The purified enzyme has a fully active DNA polymerase, but has no detectable RNase H activity. These results are consistent with, but do not prove, the conclusion that the DNA polymerase and RNase H activities of M-MLV reverse transcriptase reside within separate structural domains.
CD45 Isoform Profile Identifies Natural Killer (NK) Subsets with Differential Activity (2016)

The leucocyte-specific phosphatase CD45 is present in two main isoforms: the large CD45RA and the short CD45RO. We have recently shown that distinctive expression of these isoforms distinguishes natural killer (NK) populations. For example, co-expression of both isoforms identifies in vivo the anti tumor NK cells in hematological cancer patients. Here we show that low CD45 expression associates with less mature, CD56bright, NK cells. Most NK cells in healthy human donors are CD45RA+CD45RO-. The CD45RA-RO+ phenotype, CD45RO cells, is extremely uncommon in B or NK cells, in contrast to T cells. However, healthy donors possess CD45RAdimRO- (CD45RAdim cells), which show immature markers and are largely expanded in hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients. Blood borne cancer patients also have more CD45RAdim cells that carry several features of immature NK cells. However, and in opposition to their association to NK cell progenitors, they do not proliferate and show low expression of the transferrin receptor protein 1/CD71, suggesting low metabolic activity. Moreover, CD45RAdim cells properly respond to in vitro encounter with target cells by degranulating or gaining CD69 expression. In summary, they are quiescent NK cells, with low metabolic status that can, however, respond after encounter with target cells.
Comparative Efficacies of Human Simulated Exposures of Telavancin and Vancomycin against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus with a Range of Vancomycin MICs in a Murine Pneumonia Model (2010)

Telavancin displays potent in vitro and in vivo activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), including strains with reduced susceptibility to vancomycin. We compared the efficacies of telavancin and vancomycin against MRSA strains with vancomycin MICs of ≥1 μg/ml in a neutropenic murine lung infection model. Thirteen clinical MRSA isolates (7 vancomycin-susceptible, 2 vancomycin-heteroresistant [hVISA], and 4 vancomycin-intermediate [VISA] isolates) were tested after 24 h, and 7 isolates (1 hVISA and 4 VISA isolates) were tested after 48 h of exposure. Mice were administered subcutaneous doses of telavancin at 40 mg/kg of body weight every 12 h (q12h) or of vancomycin at 110 mg/kg q12h; doses were designed to simulate the area under the concentration-time curve for the free, unbound fraction of drug (fAUC) observed for humans given telavancin at 10 mg/kg q24h or vancomycin at 1 g q12h. Efficacy was expressed as the 24- or 48-h change in lung bacterial density from pretreatment counts. At dose initiation, the mean bacterial load was 6.16 ± 0.26 log(10) CFU/ml, which increased by averages of 1.26 ± 0.55 and 1.74 ± 0.68 log in untreated mice after 24 and 48 h, respectively. At both time points, similar CFU reductions were noted for telavancin and vancomycin against MRSA, with vancomycin MICs of ≤2 μg/ml. Both drugs were similarly efficacious after 24 and 48 h of treatment against the hVISA strains tested. Against VISA isolates, telavancin reduced bacterial burdens significantly more than vancomycin for 1 of 4 isolates after 24 h and for 3 of 4 isolates after 48 h. These data support the potential utility of telavancin for the treatment of MRSA pneumonia caused by pathogens with reduced susceptibility to vancomycin.
Inhibition of Sodium Urate Crystal Adherence to Bladder Surface by Polysaccharide (1985)

Bladder surface glycosaminoglycan (polysaccharide) has been shown to act in a nonspecific manner as an antiadherence factor and may potentially be important in the pathogenesis (and prevention) of renal calculi. It has been shown that when present, bladder surface GAG will reduce the adherence of both calcium and calcium oxalate crystals. This study was conducted to see if a similar effect would be found with uric acid crystals, in that the presence of the normal bladder mucus with its contained GAG and exogenously supplied polysaccharide, pentosanpolysulfate, would be inhibitory to crystal adherence. Radioactively labeled uric acid crystals were made by dissolving 14C labeled sodium urate to a point of saturation at pH 7.5 and then rapidly lowering the pH to 5.5. These crystals were placed into four groups of bladders: 1) normal bladders, 2) bladders rendered mucus deficient with hydrochloric acid, 3) mucus deficient bladders which were pre-treated with sodium pentosanpolysulfate prior to crystal addition and 4) mucus deficient bladders to which were added crystals pretreated with pentosanpolysulfate. There was a significant rise in crystal adherence after acid treatment of the bladder, a 2.3-fold increase, which was blocked with prior treatment of the crystals with pentosanpolysulfate and to a lesser degree by pretreating mucus deficient bladders with pentosanpolysulfate.
Expression of acylphosphatase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae enhances ethanol fermentation rate (1996)

Previous experiments in vitro have demonstrated the ability of acylphosphatase to increase the rate of glucose fermentation in yeast. To evaluate the possibility of increasing fermentation in vivo also, a chemically synthesized DNA sequence coding for human muscle acylphosphatase was expressed at high level in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Ethanol production was measured in these engineered strains in comparison with a control. Acylphosphatase expression strongly increased the rate of ethanol production both in aerobic and anaerobic culture. This finding may be potentially important for the development of more efficient industrial fermentation processes.
Growth Hormone in (2005)

Growth hormone (GH) secretion is pulsatile because of atonic inhibition by the hypothalamic secretion of somato-statin in conjunction with a pulsatile secretion of GHreleasing hormone (GHRH) [1•]. Serum GH levels areusually undetectable between pulses. There are approxi-mately 10 pulses of GH secretion per day, lasting approxi-mately 90 minutes, and separated by approximately 128minutes. Peak GH secretory activity occurs within an hourafter the onset of deep sleep. Exercise, physical activity,and sepsis are associated with increased GH secretion.In general, women have an increased daily integratedgrowth hormone secretions compared with men. However,men have an increased pulsatility compared with women.This is thought to be an important determinant to lineargrowth, as the tissue response to GH appears to be deter-mined by the pulsatility of GH secretion rather than theabsolute amount of GH that is secreted. Peak serum GHconcentrations are 4.3 ± 0.7 ng/mL at night and 2.7 ± 0.5ng/mL during the day. The critical actions of GHRH andsomatostatin in controlling GH and its secretion are alsoinfluenced by several other factors. For instance, serotonin,dopamine, enhanced α
Functional analysis of fungal drug efflux transporters by heterologous expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (2005)

Clinically important resistance of fungal pathogens to azole antifungal drugs is most frequently caused by the over-expression of energy-dependent drug efflux pumps. These pumps usually belong to either the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family or the Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) class of membrane transporter. Little is known about how these pumps work and there is an urgent need to develop pump antagonists that circumvent azole resistance. We have developed a protein hyper-expression system to facilitate functional analysis of efflux pumps based on a Saccharomyces cerevisiae host which has been deleted in seven major ABC transporters to reduce the background of endogenous efflux activity. Plasmid pABC3 was engineered to allow functional hyper-expression of foreign proteins in this host. The main advantages of the system include its ease of directional cloning and the use of homologous recombination to stably integrate single copy constructs into the host genome under the control of a highly active transcriptional regulator. The system has been used to clone and functionally hyper-express genes encoding drug efflux pumps from several pathogenic fungi. Furthermore, the protein hyper-expression system has been used to screen for pump inhibitors and study the structure and function of heterologous membrane proteins.
Structure, Function, and Activation of Coagulation Factor VII (2002)

Factor VII is the coagulation protease responsible for starting a cascade of proteolytic events that lead to thrombin generation, fibrin deposition, and platelet activation. As such, FVII has attracted wide interest as a target for clinical anti-coagulant applications. Commensurate with the critical importance of maintaining balance between thrombosis and hemostasis and its place at the beginning of the coagulation process, FVII is subject to a variety of biological and biochemical control mechanisms, among them allosteric influences exerted by cofactors, substrates, and inhibitors. Sites on FVIIa where allosteric influences are exerted and manifested have been identified and characterized in considerable detail. In recent years, a three-dimensional context for the interpretation of these results has become available from structural studies. New X-ray structures have augmented specific aspects of our understanding, in particular the X-ray structure of a fragment of the FVII zymogen. This review summarizes general allosteric behaviors of FVIIa and recapitulates structural findings since 1996, with particular emphasis on the recently determined zymogen structure.
Dissection of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and T cell receptor contact residues in a Kb‐restricted ovalbumin peptide and an assessment of the predictive power of MHC‐binding motifs (1992)

The effect of alanine substitution on the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) binding and T cell receptor recognition of the Kb-restricted ovalbumin 257-264 peptide was investigated. Positions 3, 5 and 8 of the octamer were important for Kb binding, as predicted from the motifs found in Kb-associated peptides, while mutations at positions 4, 6 and 7 affected cytotoxic T lymphocyte recognition. Substitutions at positions 1 and 2 had very minor effects on T cell recognition. In addition, we tested the capacity of sequence motifs to predict MHC binding by analysis of a series of peptides which all bear the minimal Kb motif. We found that possession of good motifs was not always sufficient to give strong MHC binding, indicating secondary effects of the residues flanking the "MHC anchor" positions.
Oral Mucosal Drug Delivery (2002)

This chapter considers both local and systemic delivery of drugs and discusses drug delivery systems that are applied to a variety of sites of the oral cavity including the gingiva, buccal, sublingual, and periodontal pocket.
Inferior Vena Cava Assessment: Correlation with CVP and Plethora in Tamponade (2013)

Bedside assessment of intravascular volume status plays an important role in the management of critically ill patients, guiding fluid replacement therapy and the use of vasopressor agents. Despite controversy in the existing evidence, many clinicians advocate the use of inferior vena cava ultrasound (IVC-US) in the assessment of intravascular volume status in critically ill patients. Respirophasic variation in IVC diameter may provide useful information regarding intravascular volume status, particularly in patients with high and low caval indices. However, due to conflicting results of small-scale clinical trials of divergent sample populations, there is insufficient evidence to support routine US assessment of the IVC to determine fluid responsiveness in spontaneous breathing with circulatory compromise. Additional large-scale clinical trials are required to determine the accuracy of IVC-US measurements in diverse populations and to ascertain the effects on IVC dimensions that result from cardiac dysfunction and intra-abdominal hypertension.
Comparison of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine and Oral Midazolam for Premedication in Pediatric Dental Patients under General Anesthesia: A Randomised Clinical Trial (2020)

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of preoperative intranasal dexmedetomidine and oral midazolam on preoperative sedation and postoperative agitation in pediatric dentistry. A total of 60 children (ASA grade I, aged 3-6 years) scheduled for elective pediatric dental treatment were randomly divided into the dexmedetomidine (DEX) and midazolam (MID) groups. Ramsay sedation score, parental separation anxiety scale, mask acceptance scale, pediatric anesthesia emergence delirium scale, and hemodynamic parameters were recorded. The Ramsay sedation scale and hemodynamic parameters of the children were observed and recorded immediately before administration and 10, 20, and 30 min after administration. A satisfactory mask acceptance scale rate was 93.33% in both MID and DEX groups, and there was no significant difference between the two groups (<i>p</i> > 0.05). The proportions of children that "successfully separated from their parents" were 93.33% (MID) and 96.67% (DEX). No significant difference was found between the two groups (<i>p</i> > 0.05). The incidence of agitation was 20% in the MID group and 0% in the DEX group, and the difference was statistically significant (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Intranasal dexmedetomidine and oral midazolam provided satisfactory sedation. No significant difference between the two groups was found in terms of parental separation anxiety and mask acceptance (<i>p</i> > 0.05). The incidence of postoperative pediatrics emergence delirium was significantly lower in the DEX group (<i>p</i> < 0.05).
Modest MRI Signal Intensity Changes Precede Delayed Cortical Necrosis After Transient Focal Ischemia in the Rat (2006)

These findings suggest that minor changes in ADC signal intensity early after ischemia should not be underestimated because they may be harbingers of delayed infarction.
Tissue-based microarray expression of genes predictive of metastasis in uveal melanoma and differentially expressed in metastatic uveal melanoma. (2013)

Microarray analysis of genes predicting systemic metastasis of uveal melanoma and genes differentially expressed in metastatic uveal melanoma may not be used as a biomarker for metastasis in whole blood, liver, lung, and skin. Their expression in tissues prone to metastasis may suggest that they play a role in tropism of uveal melanoma metastasis to these tissues.
The relative efficacy of high‐dose buspirone and alprazolam in the treatment of panic disorder: a double‐blind placebo‐controlled study (1993)

This 8‐week double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial investigated the relative efficacy and safety of alprazolam and buspirone in the treatment of panic disorder. Alprazolam (mean ± SD dose 5.2 ± 2.6 mg) produced a rapid and sustained improvement in panic attacks, anxiety, phobias, and disability and was superior to buspirone (mean ± SD dose 61 ± 26.5 mg) and placebo on all of these measures on completer ( n = 85) and endpoint analysis ( n = 92). Although higher doses of buspirone were used in this study than in previous trials, buspirone was not superior to placebo on any of the outcome measures. The results were disappointing in light of buspirone's benign side effect profile and low abuse potential.
Una exploración del potencial del turismo en la lucha contra la pobreza (2012)

La pobreza ha sido un fenómeno que ha rezagado y transformado a las sociedades latinoamericanas. Una de cada tres personas que viven en Latinoamérica es considerada pobre, calificativo que hace referencia a aquellas personas que no tienen suficientes recursos para satisfacer sus necesidades básicas. Por ello, el presente artículo pretende plantear la actividad turística como una alternativa para combatir la pobreza en los países en desarrollo, esto porque el turismo genera empleo, divisas, ingresos para los gobiernos y oportunidades empresariales. Así, este trabajo se enfoca en investigar la relación empírica entre el turismo internacional, el crecimiento económico, la reducción de pobreza y la calidad de vida en Costa Rica y Nicaragua; la relación turismo-crecimiento económicoreducción de pobreza, está enfocada en el periodo de 1980 a 2005 y la relación turismo y calidad de vida se enfoca en el periodo de 1990-2010.
Postischemic administration of an anti-Mac-1 antibody reduces ischemic cell damage after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats. (1994)

Our data demonstrate that administration of anti-Mac-1 antibody 1 hour after onset of reperfusion results in significant reductions of ischemic cell damage and intraparenchymal neutrophils after transient (2-hour) focal cerebral ischemia in the rat.
Progress in cytomegalovirus vaccine development. (2005)

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) causes considerable morbidity and disability in infants who acquire the infection in utero. Despite potent antiviral therapies, CMV also continues to be a major cause of disease in immunocompromised patients. Vaccines for CMV, therefore, could provide protection against CMV disease in an array of high-risk patient populations. Although the correlates of vaccine-engendered immunity that limit CMV disease are not fully understood, there has been significant progress in elucidating some of the key immunological correlates of protection. The optimal CMV vaccine strategy may depend on the patient population being targeted for protection. This review provides an update on CMV vaccines that are currently in preclinical and clinical development, and outlines important, as yet unanswered, questions about the nature of protective immune responses that will be required of potential CMV immunization strategies. Such questions must be answered before an optimal vaccine, and vaccine use strategy, can be implemented in clinical practice.
Cryptography Software System using Galois Field Arithmetic (2006)

Cryptography software system (CSS) is a set of tools to simulate and analyze a number of cryptography algorithms. It is written using Microsoft C# programming language and has a user friendly GUI. Arithmetic operations for encryption and decryption are in GF(2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">8 </sup> ) and the analysis provides the user with the basic statistics of data before and after the application of the selected cryptography algorithm. Along with the implementation of five cryptography algorithms (affine, Vigenere, linear-feedback-shift-register, one-time-pad, and weighted sum), CSS is built modularly and the ability to add more algorithms is a definite advantage