gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The prevalence of phantom limb pain and associated risk factors in people with amputations: a systematic review protocol (2019)

PROSPERO CRD42018094821.
Microwave Breast Imaging System Prototype with Integrated Numerical Characterization (2012)

The increasing number of experimental microwave breast imaging systems and the need to properly model them have motivated our development of an integrated numerical characterization technique. We use Ansoft HFSS and a formalism we developed previously to numerically characterize an S-parameter- based breast imaging system and link it to an inverse scattering algorithm. We show successful reconstructions of simple test objects using synthetic and experimental data. We demonstrate the sensitivity of image reconstructions to knowledge of the background dielectric properties and show the limits of the current model.
CD8+ T Cell Immunity Against a Tumor/Self-Antigen Is Augmented by CD4+ T Helper Cells and Hindered by Naturally Occurring T Regulatory Cells (2005)

CD4(+) T cells control the effector function, memory, and maintenance of CD8(+) T cells. Paradoxically, we found that absence of CD4(+) T cells enhanced adoptive immunotherapy of cancer when using CD8(+) T cells directed against a persisting tumor/self-Ag. However, adoptive transfer of CD4(+)CD25(-) Th cells (Th cells) with tumor/self-reactive CD8(+) T cells and vaccination into CD4(+) T cell-deficient hosts induced autoimmunity and regression of established melanoma. Transfer of CD4(+) T cells that contained a mixture of Th and CD4(+)CD25(+) T regulatory cells (T(reg) cells) or T(reg) cells alone prevented effective adoptive immunotherapy. Maintenance of CD8(+) T cell numbers and function was dependent on Th cells that were capable of IL-2 production because therapy failed when Th cells were derived from IL-2(-/-) mice. These findings reveal that Th cells can help break tolerance to a persisting self-Ag and treat established tumors through an IL-2-dependent mechanism, but requires simultaneous absence of naturally occurring T(reg) cells to be effective.
Adaptive playout scheduling and loss concealment for voice communication over ip networks (2003)

The quality of service limitation of today's Internet is a major challenge for real-time voice communications. Excessive delay, packet loss, and high delay jitter all impair the communication quality. A new receiver-based playout scheduling scheme is proposed to improve the tradeoff between buffering delay and late loss for real-time voice communication over IP networks. In this scheme the network delay is estimated from past statistics and the playout time of the voice packets is adaptively adjusted. In contrast to previous work, the adjustment is not only performed between talkspurts, but also within talkspurts in a highly dynamic way. Proper reconstruction of continuous playout speech is achieved by scaling individual voice packets using a time-scale modification technique based on the Waveform Similarity Overlap-Add (WSOLA) algorithm. Results of subjective listening tests show that this operation does not impair audio quality, since the adaptation process requires infrequent scaling of the voice packets and low playout jitter is perceptually tolerable. The same time-scale modification technique is also used to conceal packet loss at very low delay, i.e., one packet time. Simulation results based on Internet measurements show that the tradeoff between buffering delay and late loss can be improved significantly. The overall audio quality is investigated based on subjective listening tests, showing typical gains of 1 on a 5-point scale of the Mean Opinion Score.
Functional and molecular characterisation of mammary side population cells (2002)

These data demonstrate the existence of an undifferentiated SP in human and murine mammary epithelium. Purified SP cells are a live single-cell population that retain the ability to differentiate in vitro and in vivo. Studies of haematopoetic cells have suggested that the SP phenotype constitutes a universal stem cell marker. This work therefore has implications for mammary stem cell biology.
Catalytic, Enantioselective Addition of Substituted Allylic Trichlorosilanes Using a Rationally-Designed 2,2‘-Bispyrrolidine-Based Bisphosphoramide (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTCatalytic, Enantioselective Addition of Substituted Allylic Trichlorosilanes Using a Rationally-Designed 2,2‘-Bispyrrolidine-Based BisphosphoramideScott E. Denmark and Jiping FuView Author Information Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 38, 9488–9489Publication Date (Web):August 28, 2001Publication History Received5 July 2001Published online28 August 2001Published inissue 1 September 2001https://doi.org/10.1021/ja016552eCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3205Altmetric-Citations185LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (47 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Aldehydes,Allylation,Catalysts,Group 14 compounds,Stereoselectivity Get e-Alerts
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Generated Without Viral Integration (2008)

Pluripotent stem cells have been generated from mouse and human somatic cells by viral expression of the transcription factors Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc. A major limitation of this technology is the use of potentially harmful genome-integrating viruses. We generated mouse induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells from fibroblasts and liver cells by using nonintegrating adenoviruses transiently expressing Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc. These adenoviral iPS (adeno-iPS) cells show DNA demethylation characteristic of reprogrammed cells, express endogenous pluripotency genes, form teratomas, and contribute to multiple tissues, including the germ line, in chimeric mice. Our results provide strong evidence that insertional mutagenesis is not required for in vitro reprogramming. Adenoviral reprogramming may provide an improved method for generating and studying patient-specific stem cells and for comparing embryonic stem cells and iPS cells.
Chemistry of Boranes. XIX.1 Derivative Chemistry of B10H10-2 and B12H12-2 (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemistry of Boranes. XIX.1 Derivative Chemistry of B10H10-2 and B12H12-2W. H. Knoth, J. C. Sauer, D. C. England, W. R. Hertler, and E. L. MuettertiesCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1964, 86, 19, 3973–3983Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01073a015https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01073a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views863Altmetric-Citations91LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Histopathologic Correlation of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Signal Patterns in a Spinal Cord Injury Model (1990)

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides a noninvasive method of monitoring the pathologic response to spinal cord injury. Specific MR signal intensity patterns appear to correlate with degrees of improvement in the neurologic status in spinal cord injury patients. Histologic correlation of two types of MR signal intensity patterns are confirmed in the current study using a rat animal model. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent spinal cord trauma at the midthoracic level using a weight-dropping technique. After laminectomy, 5- and 10-gm brass weights were dropped from designated heights onto a 0.1-gm impounder placed on the exposed dura. Animals allowed to regain consciousness demonstrated variable recovery of hind limb paraplegia. Magnetic resonance images were obtained from 2 hours to 1 week after injury using a 2-tesla MRI/spectrometer. Sacrifice under anesthesia was performed by perfusive fixation; spinal columns were excised en bloc, embedded, sectioned, and observed with the compound light microscope. Magnetic resonance axial images obtained during the time sequence after injury demonstrate a distinct correlation between MR signal intensity patterns and the histologic appearance of the spinal cord. Magnetic resonance imaging delineates the pathologic processes resulting from acute spinal cord injury and can be used to differentiate the type of injury and prognosis.
Interactions between Buprenorphine and Antiretrovirals. II. The Protease Inhibitors Nelfinavir, Lopinavir/Ritonavir, and Ritonavir (2006)

We examined drug interactions between buprenorphine, an opioid partial agonist available by prescription for treatment of opioid dependence, and the protease inhibitors (PIs) nelfinavir (NFV), ritonavir (RTV), and lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/R). Opioid-dependent, buprenorphine/naloxone-maintained, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative volunteers (n=10 per PI) participated in 24-h pharmacokinetic studies, before and after administration of each PI. Symptoms of opiate withdrawal and excess were determined before and after PI administration. PI pharmacokinetics were determined and compared between opiate-dependent participants and healthy control participants (n=15 per PI). Administration of RTV, but not of NFV or LPV/R, resulted in a significant increase in the buprenorphine area under the concentration-time curve (AUC). Symptoms of opiate excess, however, were not observed. Buprenorphine had no significant effects on PI AUC. Adjustments of doses of either buprenorphine or NFV, LPV/R, or RTV are not likely to be necessary when these drugs are administered for the treatment of opioid dependence and HIV disease.
Handheld multi‐modal imaging for point‐of‐care skin diagnosis based on akinetic integrated optics optical coherence tomography (2018)

A handheld skin imaging system with joint optical coherence tomography (OCT) at 1300 nm and digital epiluminescence microscopy (EM) is presented. The 2 modalities are physically co-registered in a common-path configuration. The instrument is enabled by a dedicated planar lightwave circuit with a footprint of only 1.1 × 19.5 mm<sup>2</sup> that provides akinetic axial OCT scanning at speeds up to 24 kHz. Lateral scanning is implemented through a low-voltage Micro Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) mirror packaged with the axial scanner in a hermetic butterfly module. The OCT system, with a volume of only 80 × 27 × 14 mm<sup>3</sup> , achieves an isotropic resolution of ~11 μm in tissue, -93 dB sensitivity, 12 mm lateral field of view, and an axial scanning range of 2.8 mm in air. The complete battery-powered device has a weight of 3 kg in a tablet format, enabling point-of-care use cases. This work shows that integration of complementary imaging modalities through miniaturization technology results in clinically valuable instruments supporting a patient-centered diagnostic imaging workflow.
GM-CSF as a systemic adjuvant in a phase II prostate cancer vaccine trial (1999)

Our results suggest GM-CSF as employed in this trial did not detectably enhance clinical response to DC-peptide infusions, or significantly enhance the measured immune response.
Kit-Ligand/Stem Cell Factor Induces Primordial Follicle Development and Initiates Folliculogenesis (1999)

Initiation of folliculogenesis through the induction of primordial follicle development in the ovary has an important role in determining the fertility and reproductive fitness of most mammalian species. The factors that control this critical process are largely unknown. The hypothesis tested in the current study was that kit-ligand/stem cell factor (KL) promotes the initiation and progression of primordial follicle development in the ovary. Ovaries from 4-day-old rats were maintained in organ culture for 5 and 14 days and treated with no factor (control), recombinant kit-ligand (KL), or gonadotropins (FSH and hCG). Follicles in ovarian sections were counted and histologically classified as primordial (stage 0), early primary (stage 1), primary (stage 2), transitional (stage 3), or preantral (stage 4). Fresh ovaries from 4-day-old rats contained 68% primordial follicles (stage 0) and 32% developing follicles (stages 1–4) per section. After 5 and 14 days in culture, section from control ovaries contained approximately 41% and 55%, respectively, developing follicles (stage 1–4) per section due to spontaneous development of primordial follicles. Spontaneous primordial follicle development was completely blocked by ACK-2, a c-kit antibody that blocks KL actions. This observation suggests that endogenous KL is necessary for primordial follicle development in vitro. After 14 days of KL treatment, sections from ovaries contained 17% primordial follicles (stage 0) and 83% developing follicles (stage 1–4) per section demonstrating a dramatic induction of primordial follicle development by KL. Gonadotropins (FSH and hCG) did not induce primordial follicle development but did increase the percentage of preantral follicles (stage 4) per section. This small increase in preantral follicles in response to gonadotropins was blocked by ACK-2 suggesting that KL may in part mediate gonadotropin actions after the initiation of primordial follicle development. Ovaries contained an average of 309 ± 10 follicles per section. The total number of follicles per section did not significantly vary between treatments suggesting that the effects of KL were not due to an alteration in follicle number (i.e. survival). KL appears to be one of the first factors identified to be involved in the promotion of primordial follicle development. Results suggest that KL is necessary and sufficient to induce primordial follicle development and initiate folliculogenesis.
Calculating the fetal fraction for noninvasive prenatal testing based on genome‐wide nucleosome profiles (2016)

Our method facilitates cost-effective noninvasive prenatal testing, as the fetal DNA fraction can be estimated without the need for expensive paired-end sequencing or additional tests. The methodology is implemented as a tool, which we called SANEFALCON (Single reAds Nucleosome-basEd FetAL fraCtiON). It is available for academic and non-profit purposes under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International Public License. github.com/rstraver/sanefalcon. © 2016 The Authors. Prenatal Diagnosis published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Antidepressant pharmacogenetics (2013)

Early reports of clinical utility are published. The current evidence base for antidepressant pharmacogenetics is, however, not yet empirically robust enough to inform routine prescribing guidelines. Over the coming years, genetically guided versus unguided trials will help determine if antidepressant pharmacogenetics merits more widespread application.
RADAR: an in-building RF-based user location and tracking system (2002)

The proliferation of mobile computing devices and local-area wireless networks has fostered a growing interest in location-aware systems and services. In this paper we present RADAR, a radio-frequency (RF)-based system for locating and tracking users inside buildings. RADAR operates by recording and processing signal strength information at multiple base stations positioned to provide overlapping coverage in the area of interest. It combines empirical measurements with signal propagation modeling to determine user location and thereby enable location-aware services and applications. We present experimental results that demonstrate the ability of RADAR to estimate user location with a high degree of accuracy.
Burden of Illness of Campylobacteriosis and Sequelae (2014)

The burden of disease can be defined as the summary of morbidity and mortality associated with different acute and chronic manifestations of Campylobacter infections. Burden of disease studies include elements of epidemiology, disease modeling, risk assessment, and burden projections. This chapter discusses challenges in the measurement of burden of illness. The major limitation of seroepidemiology is that it measures the incidence of Campylobacter-related seroreactions, and some of these may be reactions to previous exposures that took place long ago. To assess the burden of disease, the most important or relevant disease outcomes need to be defined. This can be illustrated by an outcome tree, which is a qualitative representation of the progression of a disease in time. One of the challenges in the measurement of burden of illness is to identify methods to include contribution from immunity. The costs of campylobacteriosis are somewhat lower than the viruses but still significant. When evaluating an intervention or policy, decision makers need to determine its ability to positively impact public health (effectiveness) at a reasonable cost (efficiency) in a fair manner for all affected parties. In industrialized countries and countries in the transition phase, recent studies have shed light on the burden of illness.
Chemotherapy with DMXAA (5,6-dimethylxanthenone-4-acetic acid) in combination with CI-1010 (1H-imidazole-1-ethanol,alpha-[[(2-bromoethyl)amino]methyl]-2-nitro-,mon o-hydrobromide (R isomer)) against advanced stage murine colon carcinoma 26 (1997)

Because an enhanced therapeutic gain might be expected with co-administration of a hypoxic cell selective cytotoxin and a compound that induces hemorrhagic necrosis in tumors, the combination of CI-1010 (a potent bioreductive hypoxia selective cyto toxin) and 5,6-dimethylxanthenone-4-acetic acid (DMXAA) has been evaluated against advanced stage (>150 mg) murine colon carcinoma 26 (C26). CI-1010 and DMXAA were administered intraperitoneally over a range of toxic to ineffective doses as single agents and in combination to adult BALB/c x DBA/2 F1 hybrid mice bearing s.c. implants of C26. Both CI-1010 and DMXAA were ineffective as single agents, but regimens combining these two agents were highly active. The administration of DMXAA at 20 mg/kg/inj on days 9, 13, and 17 and CI-1010 at 65 mg/kg/inj on days 9-17 resulted in 60% of the animals tumor free on day 92 of the study. The remaining animals that were not tumor free survivors achieved a delay in tumor growth of 22.4 days. However, this treatment regimen was also considered toxic resulting in 2/10 treatment related deaths. Modification of the CI-1010 treatment schedule to intermittent delivery 24 h after each scheduled dose of DMXAA reduced treatment related toxicity while retaining efficacy. On this schedule the combination of CI-1010 (95 mg/kg/inj) given 24 h after DMXAA (20 mg/kg/inj) on days 9, 13, and 17 resulted in 60% of the treated animals tumor free on day 98 of the study. Treatment failures experienced a tumor growth delay of 11.6 days. Combination chemotherapy with CI-1010 and DMXAA was ineffective when DMXAA was administered 1 h prior to CI-1010, simultaneously with CI-1010, or 1 h after the administration of CI-1010. These results suggest that an enhanced therapeutic interaction between CI-1010 and DMXAA is achievable in vivo and that this interaction requires the development of substantial DMXAA induced tumor hypoxia prior to administration of CI-1010.
Blue Light Source Using Guided-Wave Frequency Doubler With A Diode Laser (1988)

A compact, blue light source using a GaAlAs laser diode and a guided-wave frequency doubler is demonstrated at room temperature. The 0.84pm wave from the laser diode is frequency doubled using the Cherenkov radiation scheme in a proton-exchanged LiNbO3 waveguide. The conversion efficiency of the frequency doubler is 1.6%. Maximum harmonic output power of 1.05mW at 0.42pm was achieved for diode laser output power of 120mW, for a total conversion efficiency of 0.9%. -
Functionalization of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Using Phage Display Technique and PEGylation Improves Its Antitumor Therapeutic Window (2004)

These results indicated that this functionalized TNF-alpha may be useful not only as an antitumor agent but also as a selective enhancer of vascular permeability in tumors for improving antitumor chemotherapy.
Reduction of central nervous system ischemic injury in rabbits using leukocyte adhesion antibody treatment. (1991)

Activated leukocytes appear to be directly involved in ischemic central nervous system injury. A surface glycoprotein (CD18) on the leukocyte is required for endothelial adherence and subsequent function and can be blocked with leukocyte adhesion antibody treatment. We used two animal models to determine the efficacy of anti-CD18 antibody treatment in preserving neurologic function after central nervous system ischemia. We gave a dose of 1 mg/kg anti-CD18 to treatment rabbits 30 minutes before inducing irreversible ischemia in the brain with intraarterial microspheres or in the spinal cord using reversible aortic occlusion. Treatment with anti-CD18 produced a significant reduction in neurologic deficits in the reversible spinal cord model, but not in the irreversible microsphere model. This protective effect supports the active role of leukocytes in central nervous system reperfusion ischemic injury and offers potential for future therapy.
Nucleolar localization of early tRNA processing (1998)

There is little information as to the location of early tRNA biosynthesis. Using fluorescent in situ hybridization in the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, examples of nuclear pre-tRNAs are shown to reside primarily in the nucleoli. We also probed the RNA subunit of RNase P. The majority of the signal from RNase P probes was nucleolar, with less intense signals in the nucleoplasm. These results demonstrate that a major portion of the tRNA processing pathway is compartmentalized in nucleoli with rRNA synthesis and ribosomal assembly. The spatial juxtaposition suggests the possibility of direct coordination between tRNA and ribosome biosynthesis.