gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Formation of compound semiconductors by electrochemical atomic layer epitaxy (1992)

A method for the electrochemical formation of epitaxial deposits of compound semiconductors is being developed. It is referred to as electrochemical atomic layer epitaxy (ECALE). The method is the electrochemical analog of atomic layer epitaxy (ALE), where ALE is a method used to form compounds by alternately depositing atomic layers of the constituent elements. Atomic layers are formed in ECALE by using underpotential deposition (UPD). UPD is a phenomena where an atomic layer of an element deposits at a potential prior to that needed to deposit the bulk element, due to the increased stability afforded by reaction with a second element present at the substrate surface. This paper describes the structure of the first monolayer of Te formed on an Au(100) surface and the structure of a monolayer of CdTe, subsequently formed by deposition of an atomic layer of Cd. Deposits have been formed and analyzed in an ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) surface analysis instrument directly coupled to an electrochemical cell. Low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) and Auger electron spectroscopy have been used to follow the structures and compositions of deposits after various steps in the ECALE cycle. As well, some initial studies of the atomic arrangements have been performed using scanning tunneling microscopy. Reductive UPD of Te on the Au(100) plane resulted in a series of well ordered Te structures at increasing coverages: (2×2), (2×√37), (2×4), and (√2×√5)R45°. Oxidative UPD of Te also resulted in a well-ordered structure, a (2×√10) at 1/3 coverage of Te. Subsequent reductive UPD of Cd on this surface resulted in a well ordered c(2×2)-CdTe structure.
CD19 CAR-Targeted T Cells Induce Long-Term Remission and B Cell Aplasia in an Immunocompetent Mouse Model of B Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (2013)

Although many adults with B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) are induced into remission, most will relapse, underscoring the dire need for novel therapies for this disease. We developed murine CD19-specific chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) and an immunocompetent mouse model of B-ALL that recapitulates the disease at genetic, cellular, and pathologic levels. Mouse T cells transduced with an all-murine CD3ζ/CD28-based CAR that is equivalent to the one being used in our clinical trials, eradicate B-ALL in mice and mediate long-term B cell aplasias. In this model, we find that increasing conditioning chemotherapy increases tumor eradication, B cell aplasia, and CAR-modified T cell persistence. Quantification of recipient B lineage cells allowed us to estimate an in vivo effector to endogenous target ratio for B cell aplasia maintenance. In mice exhibiting a dramatic B cell reduction we identified a small population of progenitor B cells in the bone marrow that may serve as a reservoir for long-term CAR-modified T cell stimulation. Lastly, we determine that infusion of CD8+ CAR-modified T cells alone is sufficient to maintain long-term B cell eradication. The mouse model we report here should prove valuable for investigating CAR-based and other therapies for adult B-ALL.
Mutant KRAS is a druggable target for pancreatic cancer (2013)

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) represents an unmet therapeutic challenge. PDA is addicted to the activity of the mutated KRAS oncogene which is considered so far an undruggable therapeutic target. We propose an approach to target KRAS effectively in patients using RNA interference. To meet this challenge, we have developed a local prolonged siRNA delivery system (Local Drug EluteR, LODER) shedding siRNA against the mutated KRAS (siG12D LODER). The siG12D LODER was assessed for its structural, release, and delivery properties in vitro and in vivo. The effect of the siG12D LODER on tumor growth was assessed in s.c. and orthotopic mouse models. KRAS silencing effect was further assessed on the KRAS downstream signaling pathway. The LODER-encapsulated siRNA was stable and active in vivo for 155 d. Treatment of PDA cells with siG12D LODER resulted in a significant decrease in KRAS levels, leading to inhibition of proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. In vivo, siG12D LODER impeded the growth of human pancreatic tumor cells and prolonged mouse survival. We report a reproducible and safe delivery platform based on a miniature biodegradable polymeric matrix, for the controlled and prolonged delivery of siRNA. This technology provides the following advantages: (i) siRNA is protected from degradation; (ii) the siRNA is slowly released locally within the tumor for prolonged periods; and (iii) the siG12D LODER elicits a therapeutic effect, thereby demonstrating that mutated KRAS is indeed a druggable target.
Vaccination and Protection of Pigs against Pleuropneumonia with a Vaccine Strain of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniaeProduced by Site-Specific Mutagenesis of the ApxII Operon (1999)

The production of toxin (Apx)-neutralizing antibodies during infection plays a major role in the induction of protective immunity toActinobacillus pleuropneumoniae reinfection. In the present study, the gene encoding the ApxII-activating protein,apxIIC, was insertionally inactivated on the chromosome of a serovar 7 strain, HS93. Expression of the structural toxin, ApxIIA, and of the two genes required for its secretion, apxIB andapxID, still occurs in this strain. The resulting mutant strain, HS93C− Ampr, was found to secrete the unactivated toxin. Pigs vaccinated with live HS93C−Ampr via the intranasal route were protected against a cross-serovar challenge with a virulent serovar 1 strain ofA. pleuropneumoniae. This is the first reported vaccine strain of A. pleuropneumoniae which can be delivered live to pigs and offers cross-serovar protection against porcine pleuropneumonia.
Team Practice in Treating Cancer Patients. (1996)

Since 1989 we have been employing a team practice in treating patients with head and neck cancer. The team for laryngeal cancer consists of otolaryngologists and radiologists and that for hypopharyngeal cancer consists of otolaryngologists, radiologists, plastic surgeons and gastrointestinal surgeons. The team members see patients and examine test results together, determine treatment plans together, and conduct surgeries and follow-ups together.A total of 187 patients with laryngeal cancer have been treated by our team during the past six years. Of these 187, 146 had glottic and 41 had supraglottic lesions. The 5-year survival rate was 82.7 percent for all patients, and the disease-specific 5-year survival rate was 96.7 percent. Thirty-two patients with advanced hypopharyngeal cancer were treated with laryngo-pharyngoesophagectomy, bilateral neck and paratracheal dissection and thyroidectomy followed by reconstruction with the use of a free jejunum graft. Postoperative radiotherapy was employed. The 5-year survival rate was 54.4 percent for all cases and the disease specific 5-year survival rate was 67.5 percent.
Stimulator for real time control of paralyzed muscles during functional electrical stimulation (2002)

A multichannel, flexible, versatile electrical stimulator is important in Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) systems. The stimulator introduced in this paper is designed and used in our laboratory-based functional neuromuscular stimulation system for the restoration of the upper or lower extremity movement of paralyzed patients. It can generate 16 independent channel complex, yet useful current pulse profiles. It is routinely used to produce rectangular, bi-phasic pulse shapes having pulsewidths in the range of 5 /spl mu/s to 1000 /spl mu/s with a resolution of 1 /spl mu/s. The pulse amplitudes can be modulated from -100 to +100 mA with a maximum resolution of 0.4 mA. The experimental applications prove that the stimulator has very good performance and is very easy to use.
Elevated levels and altered fatty acid composition of plasma lysophosphatidlycholine(lysoPC) in ovarian cancer patients (1997)

Lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC), a product of phosphatidylcholine (PC) hydrolysis via phospholipase A activity, has been proposed to activate cells from a number of lineages. Here, we demonstrate that lysoPC levels are significantly elevated (by 43% overall, relative to normal controls) in the plasma of ovarian cancer patients. This does not appear to be common to all cancers as 5 out of 6 leukemia patients tested had markedly lower (less than one-half of normal) plasma lysoPC. In the plasma of ovarian cancer patients, the percentages of palmitoyl- and stearoyl-lysoPC species were significantly higher, whereas oleoyl and particularly linoleoyl-lysoPC were significantly lower than in control subjects. The molar ratios of lysoPC/PC and palmitoyl-lysoPC/linoleoyl-lysoPC were also significantly elevated in the plasma of ovarian cancer patients compared with those of control subjects. Furthermore, the calculated value of plasma (lysoPC/ PC) x (palmitoyl-lysoPC/linoleoyl-lysoPC) was markedly higher in patients compared with controls.
The quality of trabecular bone evaluated with micro-computed tomography, FEA and mechanical testing. (1997)

Most standard methods to predict bone quality are merely based on apparent density measurements. However, apparent density alone does neither explain all variation of the mechanical properties nor does it account for the structural anisotropy of trabecular bone. Thus, apparent density alone might not be sufficient to accurately predict the quality of bone. This study investigates if a new approach based on microstructural computer models can provide additional and relevant information on bone quality. 58 human trabecular bone samples from the femoral head were measured with a 3-D micro-Computed Tomography (micro-CT) system providing a voxel representation of the bone microarchitecture with a resolution of 28 microns. Based on such representations, the orthotropic stiffness matrices and the principal directions were computed for 5 mm cubes with microstructural Finite Element Analysis (FEA). For a subset of six samples the moduli were then validated with tri-axial mechanical compression tests. The results show that on average 15% of the variation of the elastic properties are not explained by bone volume fraction. Differences of elastic properties between samples with the same bone volume fraction range up to 53%. The variation of the degree of anisotropy is unrelated to that of the bone volume fraction. Finally, the direction-dependent stiffness of the trabecular bone differs by a factor of four, indicating that one single (isotropic) modulus as predicted from apparent density measurements might not be adequat. It is concluded that micro-CT-based FEA provides new and additional information about anisotropy and mechanical properties in a direct and non-destructive way, and thus will be important in the future for advanced failure risk prediction. An extension to patient examinations using high-resolution CT or MRI techniques is envisaged.
Intravenous ferric carboxymaltose versus standard medical care in the treatment of iron deficiency anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease: a randomized, active-controlled, multi-center study (2012)

FCM in doses of 200 mg for HD-CKD patients and up to 1000 mg in NDD-CKD patients were well tolerated and displayed comparable efficacy to other IV iron formulations.
Efficacy and tolerability of initial combination therapy with vildagliptin and pioglitazone compared with component monotherapy in patients with type 2 diabetes (2007)

First-line treatment with vildagliptin/pioglitazone combination in patients with T2DM provides better glycaemic control than either monotherapy component yet has minimal risk of hypoglycaemia and a tolerability profile comparable with component monotherapy.
Antibody microarray-based oncoproteomics (2006)

The driving force behind oncoproteomics is the belief that certain protein signatures or patterns exist that are associated with a particular malignancy. If so, the correlation of clinical parameters with defined protein expression patterns would allow us to predict disease progression and perhaps even postulate improved therapeutic modalities. The technological challenges to achieve these goals are significant, as the human proteome is not defined. No general methodological approach exists today, and human cancer can, furthermore, be divided into several disease subgroups. One potential solution to finding cancer-associated protein signatures is the emerging technology of affinity proteomics. This approach addresses some of the shortcomings of traditional proteomics and combines it with the power of microarrays. The present review focuses on the role of antibody microarrays in oncoproteomics and its potential to provide a truly proteome-wide analytical approach.
Species-Dependent Expression of the Hyoscyamine 6[beta]-Hydroxylase Gene in the Pericycle (1994)

The tropane alkaloid scopolamine is synthesized in the pericycle of branch roots in certain species of the Solanaceae. The enzyme responsible for the synthesis of scopolamine from hyoscyamine is hyoscyamine 6 beta-hydroxylase (H6H). The gene for H6H was isolated from Hyoscyamus niger. It has an exon/intron organization very similar to those for ethylene-forming enzymes, suggesting a common evolutionary origin. The 827-bp 5' flanking region of the H6H gene was fused to the beta-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene and transferred to three solanaceous species by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation systems: H. niger and belladonna (Atropa belladonna), which have high and low levels, respectively, of H6H mRNA in the root, and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), which has no endogenous H6H gene. Histochemical analysis showed that GUS expression occurred in the pericycle and at the root meristem of transgenic H. niger hairy roots, but only at the root meristem of transgenic H. niger hairy roots, but only at the root meristem of hairy roots and plants of transgenic tobacco. In transgenic hairy roots and regenerated plants of belladonna, the root meristem was stained with GUS activity, except for a few transformants in which the vascular cylinder was also stained. These studies indicate that the cell-specific expression of the H6H gene is controlled by some genetic regulation specific to scopolamine-producing plants.
Camera calibration based on divided region LS-SVM (2008)

Camera calibration is one of fundamental issues in computer vision and required for achieving accurate visual measurements. Least Squares Support Vector Machines (LS-SVM) are used to achieve the camera calibration. It doesn't need to confirm the intrinsic and extrinsic parameter of the camera. For a little more accurate calibration, acquired image is divided into two regions according to radial distortion of lens and Least Squares Support Vector Machines is applied to each region. A simple and flexible camera calibration using divided Least Squares Support Vector Machines (DLS-SVM) is proposed in this paper. Experiment results and comparison with BP neural network and Least Squares Support Vector Machines prove the validity of the proposed camera calibration.
Analysis of the Escherichia coli gene encoding L-asparaginase II, ansB, and its regulation by cyclic AMP receptor and FNR proteins (1990)

Escherichia coli contains two L-asparaginase isozymes: L-asparaginase I, a low-affinity enzyme located in the cytoplasm, and L-asparaginase II, a high-affinity secreted enzyme. A molecular genetic analysis of the gene (ansA) encoding the former enzyme has previously been reported. We now present a molecular study of the gene, ansB, encoding L-asparaginase II. This gene was isolated by using oligonucleotide probes, whose sequences were based on the previously determined amino acid sequence. The nucleotide sequence of ansB, including 5'- and 3'-untranslated regions, was determined. The amino acid sequence of L-asparaginase II, deduced from this nucleotide sequence, contains differences at 11 positions when compared with the previously determined amino acid sequence. The deduced amino acid sequence also reveals a typical secretory signal peptide of 22 residues. A single region of sequence similarity is observed when ansA and ansB are compared. The transcriptional start site in ansB was determined, allowing the identification of the promoter region. The regulation of ansB was studied by using ansB'-'lacZ fusions, together with a deletion analysis of the 5' region upstream of the promoter. Regulation by cyclic AMP receptor protein and anaerobiosis (FNR protein) was confirmed, and the presence of nucleotide sequence motifs, with homology to cyclic AMP receptor protein and FNR protein-binding sites, investigated.
Biomechanical Changes After In Vivo Collagen Cross-Linking With Rose Bengal–Green Light and Riboflavin-UVA (2017)

These results indicate that corneal stiffness increases after CXL, and further increases as a function of time after both RGX and UVX. Also, while biomechanical properties determined after ex vivo CXL are indicative of corneal stiffening, they may not provide entirely accurate information about the responses to CXL in vivo.
Modified planar inverted F antenna (1998)

The design of a modified planar inverted F antenna (PIFA) which is more compact (antenna length &lt; λ0/8 and antenna height &lt; 0.01λ0) and has a much wider antenna bandwidth (greater than 10 times that of a simple PIFA) is demonstrated. The reduction in antenna length is achieved by meandering the radiating patch, while the enhanced bandwidth with low antenna height is obtained using a chip-resistor load in place of the shorting post. A typical design of the modified PIFA in the 800 MHz band has been implemented, and experimental results are presented and discussed.
Partial dead code elimination on predicated code regions (2006)

This paper presents the design, implementation and experimental evaluation of a practical region-based partial dead code elimination (PDE) algorithm on predicated code in the Open Research Compiler framework. Existing PDE algorithms are not applicable on predicated code due to the existence of if-converted branches in the program. The proposed algorithm processes all PDE candidates in a worklist and considers their partial deadness using predicate partition graphs. Our algorithm operates uniformly on individual hyperblocks as well as regions comprising of basic blocks and hyperblocks. The result of applying our algorithm to a single-entry multiple-exit (SEME) region is optimal: partially dead code cannot be removed without changing the branching structure of the program or potentially introducing new predicate defining instructions. We present statistical evidence about the PDE opportunities in the 17 SPEC95 and SPEC00 integer benchmarks. Our algorithm achieves performance improvements in 12 out of the 17 benchmarks on an Itanium machine at small compilation overheads. Our results indicate that our algorithm can be used as a practical pass before instruction scheduling. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
sgRNAcas9: A Software Package for Designing CRISPR sgRNA and Evaluating Potential Off-Target Cleavage Sites (2014)

Although the CRISPR/Cas9/sgRNA system efficiently cleaves intracellular DNA at desired target sites, major concerns remain on potential "off-target" cleavage that may occur throughout the whole genome. In order to improve CRISPR-Cas9 specificity for targeted genome editing and transcriptional control, we describe a bioinformatics tool "sgRNAcas9", which is a software package developed for fast design of CRISPR sgRNA with minimized off-target effects. This package consists of programs to perform a search for CRISPR target sites (protospacers) with user-defined parameters, predict genome-wide Cas9 potential off-target cleavage sites (POT), classify the POT into three categories, batch-design oligonucleotides for constructing 20-nt (nucleotides) or truncated sgRNA expression vectors, extract desired length nucleotide sequences flanking the on- or off-target cleavage sites for designing PCR primer pairs to validate the mutations by T7E1 cleavage assay. Importantly, by identifying potential off-target sites in silico, the sgRNAcas9 allows the selection of more specific target sites and aids the identification of bona fide off-target sites, significantly facilitating the design of sgRNA for genome editing applications. sgRNAcas9 software package is publicly available at BiooTools website (www.biootools.com) under the terms of the GNU General Public License.
Will the real Cowden syndrome please stand up: revised diagnostic criteria (2000)

Will the real Cowden syndrome please stand up: revised diagnostic criteria
Nucleotide chemistry. XVII. Enzymic synthesis of polydeoxyribonucleotides possessing internucleotide phosphoramidate bonds (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNucleotide chemistry. XVII. Enzymic synthesis of polydeoxyribonucleotides possessing internucleotide phosphoramidate bondsRobert L. Letsinger, John S. Wilkes, and Lawrence B. DumasCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1972, 94, 1, 292–293Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00756a060https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00756a060research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views142Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Nisin resistance distinguishes Mycoplasma spp. from Acholeplasma spp. and provides a basis for selective growth media (1996)

The sensitivity of 11 Mycoplasma and 5 Acholeplasma species to the bacteriocin nisin was determined. When applied on filter paper discs to lawns of acholeplasma cells, nisin (20 nmol per disc) gave 3.5- to 7.0-mm zones of growth inhibition. The inclusion of 0.2 mM nisin in agar medium reduced the number of Acholeplasma laidlawii colonies by a factor of more than 10(6), and in a salts solution, 75 microM nisin killed more than 99.9% of cells within 1 min. Under similar conditions, nisin had no significant effect upon the growth or survival of Mycoplasma species. At low concentrations (1 to 3 microM), nisin stimulated glucose oxidation by A. laidlawii and Acholeplasma oculi. However, in comparison with carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP), a recognized protonophore and uncoupler of respiration, the maximum extent of stimulation was low, < or = 20%, compared with up to 180% for CCCP. Also, in contrast to results obtained with CCCP, at concentrations only slightly above those causing stimulation of acholeplasma oxygen uptake, nisin strongly inhibited respiration. Inhibition of oxygen uptake was greater for A. laidlawii cells grown in the absence of cholesterol, and on agar medium, growth inhibition by nisin decreased with increasing concentrations of cholesterol. Nisin resistance may be a valuable characteristic in the selection and identification of Mycoplasma spp.