gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Desensitization of the cholinergic receptor at the sinoatrial cell of the kitten (1980)

The hyperpolarizing effects of long periods of vagal stimulation were studied in kitten sinoatrial node-vagus nerve preparations. Verapamil (2.2 x 10(-6) M) was used to arrest spontaneous pacemaker activity, thus permitting uninterrupted observation of the time course of cholinergically mediated hyperpolarizations. With progressively longer vagal trains the hyperpolarization was not maintained but decreased, rapidly at first, and then more gradually despite continuous vagal stimulation. Similar decay of the cholinergic effect was also observed during continuous iontophoretic application of acetylcholine (ACh) or carbamylcholine (CCh). The results show that, for the most part, the decay of the hyperpolarizing response cannot be due to "fatigue" of nerve terminals, to a gradual reduction in the driving force for K+, or to hydrolysis of ACh by cholinesterase. These experiments demonstrate the development of desensitization of the cholinergic receptor at the sinoatrial cell membrane. The data fit the "cyclic reaction" model proposed by Katz and Thelsleff (J. Physiol. London 138:63-80, 1957) for the neuromuscular junction.
Paired diagnostic and pharmacodynamic analysis of rare non-small cell lung cancer cells enabled by the VerIFAST platform (2013)

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States and worldwide. This has led to major research initiatives focusing on improving early diagnosis rate, as well as the development of pharmacodynamic biomarkers. However, broad clinical integration of these approaches is limited due to the invasive nature of lung biopsies, needle aspirates and resections. Recently, an advance for sampling suspicious lung nodules to collect mini-bronchoalveolar lavage (mBAL) samples was shown to be diagnostically relevant but limited by standard cytology techniques leading to low sensitivity and specificity. In addition, a second non-invasive method that holds great promise is the collection of circulating tumor cells, a rare population of tumor cells that have shed into peripheral circulation from primary or metastatic tumor sites, from blood. Here, we utilize a recently published platform, VerIFAST, for the capture and proteomic analysis of rare cells, to isolate cells of interest from lung cancer patients using both mBAL and blood samples. The VerIFAST platform leverages surface tension at the microscale to pin aqueous and oil fluids in adjacent chambers to create a virtual filter between two aqueous fluids. In this manuscript, the VerIFAST was further enhanced to include oil pinning, which allowed on-device tumbling, further eliminating a laborious and time consuming step that could result in increased sample loss. Finally, we further developed the base assays used in standard histopathologic assays for diagnostic and pharmacodynamic analysis of these rare lung cancer cells. Specifically, we examined thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) signal intensity, in which loss is associated with more aggressive disease, and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signal intensity, which is a high value therapeutic target in lung cancer.
Recent Developments in Coated Stents. (2001)

Next to optimizing of stent properties and profile, coating has been thoroughly investigated over the years to enhance hemocompatibility and tissue compatibility, not only in straight forward lesions, but also in smaller vessels and long and complex lesions. This is even more important because it is has become clear that treatment of restenosis and especially in-stent restenosis still has poor results, and the best way to diminish these refractory restenotic lesions is its prevention. Ongoing trials with new drug-eluting stents (including rapamycin) may introduce a new era of improvement.
RETRACTED: Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor-type O (PTPRO) exhibits characteristics of a candidate tumor suppressor in human lung cancer (2004)

Previous study in our laboratory demonstrated suppression of the gene for protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor-type O (PTPRO) in primary and established rat hepatomas. The present study showed methylation-mediated silencing of this gene in primary human lung tumors and in several human lung cancer cell lines, one of the characteristics of many tumor-suppressor genes. The reduced expression of PTPRO in the primary lung tumors correlated with the methylation status of its CpG island. Demethylation of the gene by deoxy-5-azacytidine treatment led to its reactivation in a lung cancer line (A549). Overexpression of PTPRO in A549 cells inhibited anchorage-independent growth, delayed reentry of the cells into the cell cycle after release from cell-cycle arrest, and increased susceptibility of the cells to apoptosis. These data have demonstrated the growth-suppressor characteristics of PTPRO that are unique to a classical tumor suppressor.
Production and Physicochemical Properties of Hydrogenated Glucose Syrups (1977)

Abstract An obvious and as yet little explored alternative to glucose syrups, for use in foods, is a series of hydrogenated derivatives of the commercial glucose syrups. Sorbitol is already widely used in the food industry and like maltitol offers certain metabolic advantages in foods for diabetics. It is relatively easy to produce a series of partially or totally hydrogenated glucose syrups based on this form of modification. This paper presents details of the production of some hydrogenated glucose syrups and a selection of their physicochemical properties.
Collision avoidance for two robots sharing a common workspace (1995)

Two second hand robots and an old PC were used to demonstrate co-operative working in the same space. The overall performance of the system, though slow, was considerably greater than could have been achieved without the synergy of all three control elements, obtained through simple serial communications. (4 pages)
On-line handwritten signature verification using hidden Markov model features (2002)

A method for the automatic verification of on-line handwritten signatures using both global and local features as described. The global and local features capture various aspects of signature shape and dynamics of signature production. The authors demonstrate that with the addition to the global features of a local feature based on the signature likelihood obtained from hidden Markov models (HMM) the performance of signature verification improves significantly. The current version of the program, has 2.5% equal error rate. At the 1% false rejection (FR) point, the addition of the local information to the algorithm with only global features reduced the false acceptance (FA) rate from 13% to 5%.
Concept, Design and Implementation of a Cardiovascular Gene-Centric 50 K SNP Array for Large-Scale Genomic Association Studies (2008)

A wealth of genetic associations for cardiovascular and metabolic phenotypes in humans has been accumulating over the last decade, in particular a large number of loci derived from recent genome wide association studies (GWAS). True complex disease-associated loci often exert modest effects, so their delineation currently requires integration of diverse phenotypic data from large studies to ensure robust meta-analyses. We have designed a gene-centric 50 K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array to assess potentially relevant loci across a range of cardiovascular, metabolic and inflammatory syndromes. The array utilizes a "cosmopolitan" tagging approach to capture the genetic diversity across approximately 2,000 loci in populations represented in the HapMap and SeattleSNPs projects. The array content is informed by GWAS of vascular and inflammatory disease, expression quantitative trait loci implicated in atherosclerosis, pathway based approaches and comprehensive literature searching. The custom flexibility of the array platform facilitated interrogation of loci at differing stringencies, according to a gene prioritization strategy that allows saturation of high priority loci with a greater density of markers than the existing GWAS tools, particularly in African HapMap samples. We also demonstrate that the IBC array can be used to complement GWAS, increasing coverage in high priority CVD-related loci across all major HapMap populations. DNA from over 200,000 extensively phenotyped individuals will be genotyped with this array with a significant portion of the generated data being released into the academic domain facilitating in silico replication attempts, analyses of rare variants and cross-cohort meta-analyses in diverse populations. These datasets will also facilitate more robust secondary analyses, such as explorations with alternative genetic models, epistasis and gene-environment interactions.
Optical Three-Dimensional Sensing For Machine Vision (1985)

A review of optical range sensing techniques for machine vision is given. Four basic categories of range sensing techniques are discussed: geometric techniques, time-of-flight techniques, interferometric techniques, and diffraction techniques. The basic principles are elucidated, and general comparisons are made between the groups. Representative examples are given of many different approaches. The challenge for optics and optical computing is to develop new range sensors that are fast and accurate and require little or no post-detection processing.
Electrochemical Reduction of Liquid  CO 2 : Drastic Enhancement of Current Density (1994)

A novel electrochemical reduction system has been developed in which liquid was reduced electrochemically at a Cu electrode producing , , , and . We have succeeded in reducing with a current density of 420 mA/cm2 and a current efficiency of 85%; the former is higher than that used in industrial electrolyses such as in the chloralkali industry. The Tafel plots indicate that the supply of is no longer limited by its mass transfer.
MHC Class I-Restricted Lysis of Human Oligodendrocytes by Myelin Basic Protein Peptide-Specific CD8 T Lymphocytes (1998)

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is considered to be an autoimmune disease that is directed either at myelin or at its cell of origin, the oligodendrocytes (OL). The inflammatory lesions in the central nervous system contain multiple myelin Ag-restricted and nonrestricted cell populations with the potential to mediate tissue injury. Previous studies indicate that it is possible to generate MHC class I-restricted myelin peptide-specific cytotoxic CD8 T cells, and that human adult OLs express MHC class I molecules in vitro. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate that myelin basic protein peptide-specific CD8 T cells could induce OL injury. We generated CD8 T cell lines from six healthy donors and five MS patients, and all cell lines were HLA-A2 positive. The obtained CD8 cell lines induced lysis of HLA-A2- but not HLA-A3-transfected HMy2.C1R cells in the presence of myelin basic protein peptide 110-118. In the absence of exogenous peptide, the CD8 T cell lines were cytotoxic to HLA-A2 but not to non-HLA-A2 OLs. Cytotoxicity was blocked with anti-MHC class I-blocking Ab. These results support the postulate that autoreactive CD8 cytotoxic T cells can contribute to the tissue injury in MS.
Distinctive traits of normal and tumor-derived human mammary epithelial cells expressed in a medium that supports long-term growth of both cell types. (1989)

A medium is described that supports long-term growth in culture of human primary mammary tumor cells, of normal epithelial cells from mammoplasty, and of mammary tumor cell lines. Tumor cells are shown to be distinguishable from normal mammary epithelial cells by morphology, by growth requirements, and by two markers: preferential expression of the HMFG-2 epitope on tumor cells and preferential retention in tumor cell mitochondria of the lipophilic fluorescent dye rhodamine 123. Differential fluorescence of HMFG-2 fluorescein-conjugated antibodies can be used as a basis for separation of normal and tumor cells in a fluorescence-activated cell sorter, as can differential retention of rhodamine 123.
Efficient transformation of rice (Oryza sativa L.) mediated by Agrobacterium and sequence analysis of the boundaries of the T‐DNA (1994)

A large number of morphologically normal, fertile, transgenic rice plants were obtained by co-cultivation of rice tissues with Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The efficiency of transformation was similar to that obtained by the methods used routinely for transformation of dicotyledons with the bacterium. Stable integration, expression and inheritance of transgenes were demonstrated by molecular and genetic analysis of transformants in the R0, R1 and R2 generations. Sequence analysis revealed that the boundaries of the T-DNA in transgenic rice plants were essentially identical to those in transgenic dicotyledons. Calli induced from scutella were very good starting materials. A strain of A. tumefaciens that carried a so-called 'super-binary' vector gave especially high frequencies of transformation of various cultivars of japonica rice that included Koshihikari, which normally shows poor responses in tissue culture.
Generalized pustular psoriasis (Zumbusch): a French epidemiological survey. (2007)

A retrospective epidemiological survey of generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) was carried out in France in 2005. 121 dermatological wards received a questionnaire concerning the patients treated in 2004. It related to demographic data, morbidity, mortality, failures and the therapeutic practices of each ward. CNAMTS, the main French health insurance, was also questioned about its registry concerning GPP.112 wards (92.5%) answered the questionnaire, totalling 99 cases (sex ratio male/female: 0.77, mean age 52.5 years +/- 18), which were handled by 46 wards. Incidence and prevalence were estimated in 2004 at a minimum of 0.64 and 1.76/million respectively. Incidence deduced from the CNAMTS data in 1998 and 2001 was similar. The treatment habits were the same in the 46 wards, which used acitretin as first line treatment (89%), followed by methotrexate (8%). High potency dermatocorticosteroids (DC) were most often used (87%). Complications and death were noted in 17% and 2% of the cases respectively, recalcitrant GPP in 42%. Immunobiologics were required in 13% of patients. Univariate analysis showed that treatment failure was related to: i) management in a university ward (OR: 2.9, p = 0.03) probably reflecting the management of the more severe cases ii) prescription of high or very high potency DC as first line local therapy (OR: 7.6, p = 0.05) iii) therapies other than retinoids as first line systemic therapy (OR: 5.5, p = 0.04). The systemic treatment is well codified but future studies will have to confirm the usefulness of DC in the management of GPP.
Identification of Virus-Encoded MicroRNAs (2004)

RNA silencing processes are guided by small RNAs that are derived from double-stranded RNA. To probe for function of RNA silencing during infection of human cells by a DNA virus, we recorded the small RNA profile of cells infected by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). We show that EBV expresses several microRNA (miRNA) genes. Given that miRNAs function in RNA silencing pathways either by targeting messenger RNAs for degradation or by repressing translation, we identified viral regulators of host and/or viral gene expression.
P-glycoprotein and its role in drug-drug interactions (2014)

P-glycoprotein and its role in
Room Temperature Tailoring of Electrical Properties of Ternary and Multinary Chalcogenide Semiconductors (1993)

Semionic behaviour is demonstrated in certain ternary and multinary semiconductors, by following the effects of application of external electric fields at ambient temperature. We find that this can lead to stable, local changes in their microchemical composition and, via resulting changes in carrier concentration, in their electronic properties. Thus, actual device structures are embedded in the material. We summarize these results and our understanding of the mechanisms involved.
Dietary links to Alzheimer’s disease (1997)

Recent findings that elderly African-Americans and Japanese living in the United States have much higher prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease (6.24 % and 4.1%, respectively) than those still living in their ethnic homelands (&amp;lt;2%) suggested that environmental rather than genetic factors are the primary agents causing Alzheimer’s disease. Recent papers linking clinical expression of Alzheimer’s disease to oxidative stress and cerebral infarct suggest that diet is a key factor in the development of Alzheimer’s disease. To test this hypothesis, regression analyses were performed on the prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease in the 65+ age population for 11 countries obtained from 18 community-wide studies versus components of the national diets. The primary findings are that fat and total caloric supply have the highest correlations with Alzheimer’s disease prevalence rates (r 2 = 0.932 and 0.880, respectively). In addition, fish consumption is found to reduce the prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease in the European and North American countries. The literature suggests that fat contributes to oxidative stress and inflammation and that fish oils combat inflammation. Recent papers finding that several dietary components and supplements have been found effective in delaying the onset of Alzheimer’s disease, including antioxidants, fish, and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs are consistent with this finding. Key words caloric intake, fat, fish oil, inflammation, nutrition, oxidative stress Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a common type of dementia or decline in intellectual function first described by A. Alzheimer [1907]. Some of the characteristics include intraneuronal fibrillary tangles, diffuse, neuritic and burned-out plaques and neuronal loss [Harman, 1995; Lippa et al., 1996]. Epidemiological studies have not identified causal factors for Alzheimer’s disease as seen in a number of reviews
2015 개정 미술과 교육과정의 ‘미술 문화 이해 능력’ 함양을 위한 지도 사례 연구 (2017)

본 연구는 2015 개정 미술과 교육과정에서 강조된 ‘미술 문화 이해 능력’의 교육적 실천을 위한 이론적 기초와 교육 방안을 탐색한 것이다. ‘미술 문화 이해 능력’의 개념과 교육과정에의 대두 배경, 필요성 등을 문헌 연구를 통해 고찰하고, ‘고양이를 부탁해’라는 주제의 실천적 사례를 통해 교육 방안과 의미를 탐구하였다. 문화의 속성에 근거할 때 미술 문화...
Synthesis and Use of Pentafluorophenyl 6-(Biotinylamido)hexanoate An Alternative Reagent for Labelling of Proteins with Biotin Moiety (1993)

The protein biotinylating agent, pentafluorophenyl 6-(biotinylam ido)hexanoate (3) was synthesized. A straightforward synthetic route, biotin, biotin pentafluorophenyl ester (1), 6-(biotinylam ido)hexanoate (2) and pentafluorophenyl 6-(biotinylam ido)hexanoate (3) was followed. This agent was used for biotin-labelling of different proteins, bovine serum album in, immunoglobulin, horseradish peroxidase and β-galactosidase. Optimal conditions for the labelling were determined, as well as the influence of biotin-tagging to the biological activity of the proteins. An optimal ratio of the biotinylating agent to protein resulted in effective biotinylation without a significant decrease in the activity of the labelled enzyme. The labelled proteins proved to be suitable for immunodetection of proteins in both microplate and Western blot immunohistochemistry, as well as in a competitive steroid ELISA of testosterone and 20-hydroxyecdysone.
Composite Events for Active Databases: Semantics, Contexts and Detection (1994)

Making a database system active entails developing an expressive event specification language with well-defined semantics, algorithms for the detection of composite events, and an architecture for an event detector along with its implementation. Thii paper presents the semantics of composite events using the notion of a global event history (or a global event-log). Parameter contexts are introduced and precisely defined to facilitate efficient management and detection of composite events. Finally, an architecture and the implementation of a composite event, detector is analyzed in the context of an object-oriented active DBMS.
Health benefits of omega‐3 fatty acids from Neptune krill oil (2008)

Abstract Over the last few decades, natural health ingredients have gained the interest and support of both science and industry. The increasing incidence of adverse events associated with synthetic drugs has created a demand for effective and safe alternative treatments. The few natural health ingredients that have been rigorously researched for their safety and efficacy and have passed both peer and regulatory scrutiny can provide a solution to this problem. Neptune krill oil® (NKO®) fulfills these criteria by supporting solid scientifically validated research proving safety and efficacy. Furthermore, the company is involved in several novel clinical trials to further expand its proprietary and innovative portfolio.
The World-Wide Web (1994)

article Free Access Share on The World-Wide Web Authors: Tim Berners-Lee CERN, Geneva, Switzerland CERN, Geneva, SwitzerlandView Profile , Robert Cailliau CERN, Geneva, Switzerland CERN, Geneva, SwitzerlandView Profile , Ari Luotonen CERN, Geneva, Switzerland CERN, Geneva, SwitzerlandView Profile , Henrik Frystyk Nielsen CERN, Geneva, Switzerland CERN, Geneva, SwitzerlandView Profile , Arthur Secret CERN, Geneva, Switzerland CERN, Geneva, SwitzerlandView Profile Authors Info & Claims Communications of the ACMVolume 37Issue 8Aug. 1994pp 76–82https://doi.org/10.1145/179606.179671Published:01 August 1994Publication History 654citation12,324DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations654Total Downloads12,324Last 12 Months3,267Last 6 weeks268 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
The cloning debates and progress in biotechnology. (1997)

The perception by humans of what is doable is itself a great determiner of future events. Thus, the successful sheep cloning experiment leading to “Dolly” by Ian Wilmut and associates at Roslin Institute, Midlothian, UK, compels us to look in the mirror and consider the issue of human cloning. Should it occur, and if not, how should that opposing mandate be managed? If human cloning should have an acceptable role, what is that role and how should it be monitored and supervised?

In the February 27, 1997, issue of Nature , Ian Wilmut et al. reported that they cloned a sheep (which they named “Dolly”) by transferring the nuclear DNA from an adult sheep udder cell into an egg whose DNA had been removed (1). Their cloning experiments have led to widespread debate on the potential application of this remarkable technique to the cloning of humans. Following the Scottish researchers’ startling report, President Clinton declared his opposition to using this technique to clone humans. He moved swiftly to order that federal funds not be used for such an experiment and asked an independent panel of experts, the National Bioethics Advisory Commission (NBAC), chaired by Princeton University President Harold Shapiro, to report to the White House with recommendations for a national policy on human cloning. According to recommendations by the NBAC, human cloning is likely to become a crime in the US in the near future. The Commission’s main recommendation is to enact federal legislation to prohibit any attempts, whether in a research or a clinical setting, to create a human through somatic cell nuclear transfer cloning.

The concept of genetic manipulation is not new and has been a general practice for more than a …
A Novel Strategy for the Synthesis of 3-(N-Heteryl)pyrrole Derivatives (2012)

A flexible approach to unknown 1-(1H-pyrrol-3-yl)pyridinium salts with selective control of the substitution patterns, by the reaction of pyridinium ylides with 2H-azirines, is disclosed. 3-(Pyridinium-1-yl)pyrrolides, a new type of stable ylide, were prepared from these salts in high yields by treatment with base. Atmospheric-pressure hydrogenation of the ylides with Adams' catalyst lead to 1-(pyrrol-3-yl)piperidines in good yields.