gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and triplex forming properties of pyrrolidino pseudoisocytidine containing oligodeoxynucleotides (2005)

Pyrrolidino pseudo-C-nucleosides are isosteres of natural deoxynucleosides which are protonated at the pyrrolidino ring nitrogen under physiological conditions. As constituents of a triplex forming oligodeoxynucleotide (TFO), the positive charge is expected to stabilise DNA triple helices via electrostatic interactions with the phosphodiester backbone of the target DNA. We describe the synthesis of the pyrrolidino isocytidine pseudonucleoside and the corresponding phosphoramidite building block and its incorporation into TFOs. Such TFOs show substantially increased DNA affinity compared to unmodified oligodeoxynucleotides. The increase in affinity is shown to be due to the positive charge at the pyrrolidino subunit.
Early DAT is distinguished from aging by high-dimensional mapping of the hippocampus (2000)

Assessments of hippocampal volume and shape derived from HDBM may be useful in distinguishing early DAT from healthy aging.
Estrogen Plus Progestin and the Incidence of Dementia and Mild Cognitive Impairment in Postmenopausal Women (2003)

Estrogen plus progestin therapy increased the risk for probable dementia in postmenopausal women aged 65 years or older. In addition, estrogen plus progestin therapy did not prevent mild cognitive impairment in these women. These findings, coupled with previously reported WHI data, support the conclusion that the risks of estrogen plus progestin outweigh the benefits.
The Association of Allergen Skin Test Reactivity and Respiratory Disease Among Whites in the US Population (1991)

Data collected on 12- to 74-year-old whites (N = 10,854) during the second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1976 to 1980, a sample of the US population, were used to determine the association between various respiratory symptoms and the degree of allergen skin test reactivity. Prick-puncture testing using eight unstandardized allergens was performed. Allergen skin test reactivity was classified by means of the mean diameter of the erythema reaction at the 20-minute reading. Nonreactors were the comparison group. The prevalence of allergic rhinitis increased as allergen skin test reactivity increased, with the odds ratio exceeding 8 for the group with two or more positive test results. The prevalence of asthma increased with increasing allergen skin test reactivity only in nonsmokers. The odds ratio for allergic rhinitis with allergen skin test reactivity was higher with outdoor than indoor allergens. The association of allergic rhinitis with allergen skin test reactivity was higher when a physician had previously diagnosed allergic rhinitis. Chronic rhinitis was not associated with allergen skin test reactivity.
Vacuolar targeting and posttranslational processing of the precursor to the sweet potato tuberous root storage protein in heterologous plant cells. (1990)

Sporamin, the tuberous root storage protein of the sweet potato, which is localized in vacuoles, is synthesized as a prepro-precursor with an N-terminal sequence of amino acids that includes a signal peptide and an additional pro-segment of 16 amino acids. A full-length cDNA for sporamin was placed downstream of the 35 S promoter of cauliflower mosaic virus and introduced into tobacco and sunflower genomes by Ti plasmid-mediated transformation. A polypeptide of nearly the same size as mature sporamin from the sweet potato was detected in transformed calli of tobacco and sunflower, as well as in the leaves, stems, and roots of regenerated, transgenic tobacco plants. Amino acid sequence analysis of the nearly mature-sized form of sporamin from the transformed tobacco cells revealed that it is actually longer by three amino acids at its N terminus than authentic sporamin purified from the sweet potato. By pulse labeling of suspension-cultured tobacco cells with [35S]methionine, the pro-form of the precursor to sporamin, but not the prepro-precursor, was detected. The 35S-labeled proform was chased to the nearly mature-sized form via an intermediate form which is slightly larger than the nearly mature-sized form. Analysis by Edman degradation of the intermediate form that was labeled in vivo with [3H]histidine suggested that it is longer by two amino acids at its N terminus than the nearly mature-sized form of sporamin. These results suggest that at least two steps of posttranslational processing of the pro-form occurs sequentially in tobacco cells. The posttranslational processing of the pro-form of the precursor to sporamin was inhibited by monensin, suggesting that this step takes place in the acidic compartment, probably in the vacuole. All of the sporamin polypeptides synthesized in transformed tobacco cells were retained inside the cell and sporamin was localized in the vacuole, as judged from results of subcellular fractionation. These results indicate that sporamin is appropriately targeted to the vacuole in tobacco cells.
Sleep Laboratory Studies in Restless Legs Syndrome Patients as Compared with Normals and Acute Effects of Ropinirole (2000)

The restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a common sensorimotor disorder which leads to severe sleep disturbances and showed a prevalence of 7.9% in our sleep laboratory. The aim of this study was to investigate periodic leg movements (PLM), arousal and respiratory variables in 12 untreated RLS patients and to measure the acute effects of 0.5 mg ropinirole, a nonergoline dopamine agonist, as compared with placebo. In the target variable PLM/h of total sleep time (PLM/h TST), RLS patients showed an increased value of 40/h (normal 0-5/h). Further, we found an increased number of PLM (368), PLM/h of time in bed (49/h), PLM/h of REM sleep (11), PLM/h of non-REM sleep (46) and PLM/h awake (61). The arousal index was also increased (32/h; normal 0-25/h), as were arousals due to PLM. In the confirmatory part of our descriptive data analysis, ropinirole 0.5 mg significantly improved, as compared with placebo, the index PLM/h TST by 75%. In the descriptive part, all the other PLM variables were improved as well. Arousals due to PLM decreased, while spontaneous arousals increased. Respiratory variables, which had a priori been in the normal range, showed a slight but significant improvement after the dopamine agonist. Thus, 0.5 mg ropinirole significantly improved the target variable PLM/h TST, along with objective and subjective sleep quality and morning noopsychic performance, as described in the preceding paper. Our data encourage further sleep studies including all above-mentioned variables in a larger group of RLS/PLM during sleep patients as well as long-term efficacy trials.
High-efficiency solar cells on phosphorus gettered multicrystalline silicon substrates (2006)

Measurements of the dislocation density are compared with locally resolved measurements of carrier lifetime for p-type multicrystalline silicon. A correlation between dislocation density and carrier recombination was found: high carrier lifetimes (>100 µs) were only measured in areas with low dislocation density (<105 cm−2), in areas of high dislocation density (>106 cm−2) relatively low lifetimes (<20 µs) were observed. In order to remove mobile impurities from the silicon, a phosphorus diffusion gettering process was applied. An increase of the carrier lifetime by about a factor of three was observed in lowly dislocated regions whereas in highly dislocated areas no gettering efficiency was observed. To test the effectiveness of the gettering in a solar cell manufacturing process, five different multicrystalline silicon materials from four manufacturers were phosphorus gettered. Base resistivity varied between 0·5 and 5 Ω cm for the boron- and gallium-doped p-type wafers which were used in this study. The high-efficiency solar cell structure, which has led to the highest conversion efficiencies of multicrystalline silicon solar cells to date, was used to fabricate numerous solar cells with aperture areas of 1 and 4 cm2. Efficiencies in the 20% range were achieved for all materials with an average value of 18%. Best efficiencies for 1 cm2 (20·3%) and 4 cm2 (19·8%) cells were achieved on 0·6 and 1·5 Ω cm, respectively. This proves that multicrystalline silicon of very different material specification can yield very high efficiencies if an appropriate cell process is applied. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Tat protein export pathway (2000)

The Tat (twin-arginine translocation) system is a bacterial protein export pathway with the remarkable ability to transport folded proteins across the cytoplasmic membrane. Preproteins are directed to the Tat pathway by signal peptides that bear a characteristic sequence motif, which includes consecutive arginine residues. Here, we review recent progress on the characterization of the Tat system and critically discuss the structure and operation of this major new bacterial protein export pathway.
Antineoplastic Agents, 301. An Investigation of the Amaryllidaceae Genus Hymenocallis (1995)

Seven species (and one cultivated variety) of Hymenocallis (Amaryllidaceae) and the related Pancratium maritima, representing a broad geographical selection, were investigated as sources of pancratistatin [1] now undergoing preclinical development as an anticancer agent. Pancratistatin [1] was found to be a constituent of H. speciosa (Singapore), H. variegated (Singapore), H. pedalis (Seychelles), H. expansa (Bermuda), H. sonoranensis (Mexico), and P. maritimum (Israel). Only two species of Hymenocallis failed to yield one or more of the related cell-growth inhibitory isocarbostyrils such as narciclasine [3a], 7-deoxynarciclasine [3b], and 7-deoxy-trans-dihydronarciclasine [2].
CONTROVERSIAL ISSUES IN VERTEBRATE OLFACTORY TRANSDUCTION (1999)

A number of controversial issues in olfactory transduction are discussed including the matter of multiple transduction pathways, with a new experiment proposed. Evidence is reviewed concerning the fact that cyclic AMP is the only pathway mediating olfactory transduction. Two knockout mice have been produced: a knockout for a cyclic nucleotide-gated channel and a G(olf) knockout. The results obtained with both mice are consistent with cyclic AMP being the only second messenger. The evidence for gaseous second channel messengers is also reviewed. Slow gating kinetics of the cyclic nucleotide-gated channel and the detection of single-odorant molecules are reviewed. A new phenomenon in which odorants can block odorant responses is discussed.
Thin-film nonlinear optical diode (1995)

We present results of a theoretical investigation into a nonlinear thin-film multilayer device that exhibits passive anisotropic optical transmission—the analogue of the electronic diode. This optical diode is a nonlinear, asymmetric, distributed Bragg reflector. Material parameters for a nonlinear polymer (polydiacetylene 9-BCMU) and rutile are used in alternating layers to model a realistic device. The diode exhibits more than five times as much transmittance in one direction as in the opposite direction. It has a thickness of only 2 μm and is polarization insensitive.
Newly Synthesized Dyes and Their Polymer/Glass Composites for One- and Two-Photon Pumped Solid-State Cavity Lasing (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNewly Synthesized Dyes and Their Polymer/Glass Composites for One- and Two-Photon Pumped Solid-State Cavity LasingChan F. Zhao, Guang S. He, Jayant D. Bhawalkar, Chi K. Park, and Paras N. PrasadCite this: Chem. Mater. 1995, 7, 10, 1979–1983Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm00058a032https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00058a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views914Altmetric-Citations163LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An asymptotic analysis on the performance of coded cooperation systems (2005)

User-cooperation or relaying through other nodes is an efficient approach to obtain diversity in wireless networks. In this paper, we consider a coded cooperative system under quasi-static Rayleigh fading and find conditions on the inter-user and user-to-destination channel qualities for cooperation to be beneficial. We define the user cooperation gain (G/sub f/) as the gain in frame error rates due to cooperation when a particular channel code is used. We introduce the cooperation decision parameter (CDP) which is only a function of user-to-destination channel qualities and demonstrate that whether cooperation is useful or not (G/sub f/>1 or G/sub f/<1) depends only on the cooperation decision parameter, not inter-user link quality. We make use of the analytical formulation of the CDP to explore how user cooperation gain behaves in high signal to noise ratios and how relative link qualities of user-to-user and user-to-destination channels affect cooperation benefits in this asymptotic range. Furthermore, we investigate how one can choose a partner from candidate nodes such that the user cooperation gain is larger. All of our theoretical results are supported by simulations.
Impaired Prefronto-Thalamic Functional Connectivity as a Key Feature of Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Combined MEG, PET and rTMS Study (2013)

Prefrontal left-right functional imbalance and disrupted prefronto-thalamic circuitry are plausible mechanisms for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Add-on repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), effective in treating antidepressant-refractory TRD, was administered to verify the core mechanisms underlying the refractoriness to antidepressants. Thirty TRD patients received a 2-week course of 10-Hz rTMS to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Depression scores were evaluated at baseline (W0), and the ends of weeks 1, 2, and 14 (W14). Responders were defined as those who showed an objective improvement in depression scores ≥50% after rTMS. Left-right frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA) was measured by magnetoencephalography at each time point as a proxy for left-right functional imbalance. Prefronto-thalamic connections at W0 and W14 were assessed by studying couplings between prefrontal alpha waves and thalamic glucose metabolism (PWTMC, reflecting intact thalamo-prefrontal connectivity). A group of healthy control subjects received magnetoencephalography at W0 (N = 50) to study whether FAA could have a diagnostic value for TRD, or received both magnetoencephalography and positron-emission-tomography at W0 (N = 10) to confirm the existence of PWTMC in the depression-free state. We found that FAA changes cannot differentiate between TRD and healthy subjects or between responders and non-responders. No PWTMC were found in the TRD group at W0, whereas restitution of the PWTMC was demonstrated only in the sustained responders at W14 and euthymic healthy controls. In conclusion, we affirmed impaired prefronto-thalamic functional connections, but not frontal functional imbalance, as a core deficit in TRD.
Nucleotide sequence of the aliphatic amidase regulator gene (amiR) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1989)

The nucleotide sequence of a 1001 bp ClaI/XhoI DNA fragment encoding the amidase regulator gene (amiR) from Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been determined. The sequence derives from strain PAC433, a constitutive high expressing amidase mutant, and contains two overlapping open reading frames. Analysis of the sequence has identified one of the reading frames as amiR. The gene encodes a 196 amino acid polypeptide which shows a strong bias towards codons with G or C in the third position. The amiR gene shows no sequence homology with other bacterial regulator proteins.
Ionizing Radiation Does Not Alter the Antitumor Activity of Herpes Simplex Virus Vector G207 in Subcutaneous Tumor Models of Human and Murine Prostate Cancer (2001)

Viral gene therapy against malignant tumors holds great promise for tumors that are susceptible to the oncolytic activity of viruses. One advantage of oncolytic viral therapy is that it can potentially be combined with other therapies, such as radiotherapy, to obtain an enhanced tumor response. In the case of prostate cancer, herpes simplex virus-mediated therapies have been shown to be highly effective in animal models; however, studies of the efficacy of combined viral and radiation therapy have not yet been reported. In this study, we have combined G207, a multimutated HSV type 1 vector, with external beam radiation therapy of prostate tumors grown subcutaneously in mice. We examined both the human LNCaP tumor in athymic mice and the mouse transgenic TRAMP tumor in either athymic mice or its syngeneic host, C57BL/6 mice. Virus was delivered either intravenously, in the case of LNCaP, or intratumorally, in the case of TRAMP. We found that individually, either G207 or radiation was effective in delaying tumor growth in these models. However, delivering the treatments simultaneously did not produce an enhanced effect.
A technique for estimating transmission line fault locations from digital impedance relay measurements (1988)

A technique is presented that is suitable for estimating locations of shunt faults. The estimates are reasonably accurate even if the fault resistance is substantial and the transmission line is connected to energy sources at both terminals. The technique uses post fault fundamental-frequency voltages and currents measured at the two line terminals. The measurements need not be synchronized, and the source impedances are not used by the estimation procedure. The mathematical development of the technique is presented. Sample test results using simulated fault data are included.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Alkylthiolation of allylic sulfides. [2,3] Sigmatropic rearrangement of thiosulfonium ions (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAlkylthiolation of allylic sulfides. [2,3] Sigmatropic rearrangement of thiosulfonium ionsJhong K. Kim and Marjorie C. CaserioCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1979, 44, 12, 1897–1904Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1979https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01326a001RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views632Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (942 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Cutting Edge: A Critical Functional Role for IL-23 in Psoriasis (2010)

Interleukin-23 is a key cytokine involved in the generation of Th17 effector cells. Clinical efficacy of an anti-p40 mAb blocking both IL-12 and IL-23 and disease association with single nucleotide polymorphisms in the IL23R gene raise the question of a functional role of IL-23 in psoriasis. In this study, we provide a comprehensive analysis of IL-23 and its receptor in psoriasis and demonstrate its functional importance in a disease-relevant model system. The expression of IL-23 and its receptor was increased in the tissues of patients with psoriasis. Injection of a mAb specifically neutralizing human IL-23 showed IL-23-dependent inhibition of psoriasis development comparable to the use of anti-TNF blockers in a clinically relevant xenotransplant mouse model of psoriasis. Together, our results identify a critical functional role for IL-23 in psoriasis and provide the rationale for new treatment strategies in chronic epithelial inflammatory disorders.
A collection of strains containing genetically linked alternating antibiotic resistance elements for genetic mapping of Escherichia coli (1989)

We present a collection of 182 isogenic strains containing genetically linked antibiotic resistance elements located at approximately 1-min intervals around the Escherichia coli chromosome. At most positions both Tn10 (Tetr) and TN10kan (Kanr) elements are available, so that the collection contains a linked set of alternating antibiotic resistance markers. The map position of each insertion has been aligned to the E. coli genetic map as well as to the Kohara ordered clone bank. These strains are designed to be used in a rapid two-step mapping system in E. coli. In the first step, the mutation is localized to a 5- to 15-min region of the chromosome by Hfr mapping with a set of Hfr strains containing either Tn10 or Tn10kan elements located 20 min from their respective origins of transfer. In the second step, the mutation is localized to a 1-min region by P1 transduction, with a collection of isogenic insertion strains as donors. We discuss the uses of this collection of strains to map and eventually to clone a variety of mutations in E. coli.
Novel Amphiphilic Block Copolymers by Polymer Reactions and Their Use for Solubilization of Metal Salts and Metal Colloids (1996)

A variety of amphiphilic blockcopolymers (ABC's) are made by using two highly effective polymer analogous reactions, epoxidation followed by opening of the oxirane ring. The optimization of all reaction conditions results in functional polymers which are practically as narrowly distributed as their precursor polymers, and which can be used as model polymers. In case of polar modification, all amphiphilic block copolymers form well-defined micelles in toluene, the size of which can be adjusted by the type of modification. The adjustment of the amphiphilicity with diverse nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphonate derivatives results in polymeric amphiphiles with a high affinity to transition metal ions, as well as metal colloids and surfaces. This is demonstrated by solubilization of metal salts in unpolar solvents by the ABC's and subsequent formation of well-defined noble metal colloids which arein the case of a careful adaption of the polymer to the metal surfaceperfectly stabilized by the corona polymers.
Findings of the 2016 Conference on Machine Translation (2016)

Ondřej Bojar, Rajen Chatterjee, Christian Federmann, Yvette Graham, Barry Haddow, Matthias Huck, Antonio Jimeno Yepes, Philipp Koehn, Varvara Logacheva, Christof Monz, Matteo Negri, Aurélie Névéol, Mariana Neves, Martin Popel, Matt Post, Raphael Rubino, Carolina Scarton, Lucia Specia, Marco Turchi, Karin Verspoor, Marcos Zampieri. Proceedings of the First Conference on Machine Translation: Volume 2, Shared Task Papers. 2016.