gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pathogenic Species of the Genus Haemophilus and Streptococcus pneumoniae Produce Immunoglobulin A1 Protease (1979)

Thirty-seven strains of the genus Haemophilus and five strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae were examined for their ability to produce extracellular enzyme that cleaves immunoglobulin molecules. All strains of H. influenzae, H. aegyptius , and S. pneumoniae elaborated enzyme that selectively cleaved human immunoglobulin A1 (IgA1) myeloma proteins but was inactive against a variety of other proteins including human IgA2, IgG, and IgM, porcine and bovine secretory IgA, human and bovine serum albumins, and ovalbumin. Although susceptible, human secretory IgA remained largely undigested. Two strains of H. pleuropneumoniae isolated from fatally infected pigs cleaved porcine secretory IgA, but had no effect on human IgA proteins. None of 16 strains that belonged to nonpathogenic Haemophilus species produced IgA protease. Analyses of the cleavage products of human IgA1 and secretory IgA proteins by immunochemical methods, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and analytical ultracentrifugation revealed that Fab and Fc fragments were produced. Since the production of IgA1 protease by Neisseria meningitidis has been reported previously, our finding that H. influenzae and S. pneumoniae produce an IgA1 protease indicates that this is a property of all three major etiological agents of bacterial meningitis. This suggests that IgA1 protease production may be an important factor in the pathogenesis of this disease.
A universal nanoparticle cell secretion capture assay (2012)

Secreted proteins play an important role in intercellular interactions, especially between cells of the immune system. Currently, there is no universal assay that allows a simple noninvasive identification and isolation of cells based on their secretion of various products. We have developed such a method. Our method is based on the targeting, to the cell surface, of heterofunctional nanoparticles coupled to a cell surface-specific antibody and to a secreted protein-specific antibody, which captures the secreted protein on the surface of the producing cell. Importantly, this method does not compromise cellviability and is compatible with further culture and expansion of the secreting cells.
Chemical synthesis of 2',5'-oligoadenylate analogues. (1994)

The interferons (IFN) are a family of proteins secreted by mammalian cells in response to various inducers (Baglioni 1979; Revel 1979; Stewart 1979; Friedman 1981; Pestka 1981; Torrence 1982; Sehgal et al. 1983). The interferons are divided into three different types α, β, γ, whereby each class can be summarized from different species for which a separate IFN gene is coded. The interferons are pleotropic modifiers of cell functions as seen from their antiviral properties (Sehgal et al. 1983), the inhibition of cell growth, the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, their augmentation of natural killer (NK) activity, the modulation of immune response, the interaction of nuclear formation and the delay of cells entering into S-phase of the cell cycle (Suhadolnik et al. 1983).
Identification of Mycobacteria in Solid-Culture Media by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization–Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (2011)

Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) has recently been introduced into the clinical microbiology laboratory as a rapid and accurate method to identify bacteria and yeasts. In this paper we describe our work on the use of MALDI-TOF MS for the identification of mycobacterial isolates. We developed a protocol for protein extraction from mycobacteria and utilized it to construct a database containing 42 clinically relevant type and reference strains of mycobacteria. The database was used to identify 104 clinical isolates of mycobacteria. All members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex were identified accurately at the complex level but could not be separated at the species level. All other organisms were identified at the species level, with the exception of one strain of M. kansasii (accurately identified but with a low spectral score) and three pairs of closely related strains: M. abscessus and M. massiliense, M. mucogenicum and M. phocaicum, and M. chimaera and M. intracellulare. These pairs of organisms can currently be identified only by multilocus gene sequence analysis. We conclude that MALDI-TOF MS analysis can be incorporated into the work flow of the microbiology laboratory for rapid and accurate identification of most strains of mycobacteria isolated from solid growth media.
Molecular cloning of the human Goodpasture antigen demonstrates it to be the alpha 3 chain of type IV collagen. (1992)

To characterize the autoantigen of Goodpasture's (anti-glomerular basement membrane) disease, a molecule of 26-kD reactive with autoantibodies from patients' sera was purified from collagenase digests of sheep glomerular basement membrane. Short internal amino acid sequences were obtained after tryptic or cyanogen bromide cleavage, and used to deduce redundant oligonucleotides for use in the polymerase chain reaction on cDNA derived from sheep renal cortex. Molecules of 175 bp were amplified and found to come from two cDNA sequences. One was identical to that of a type IV collagen chain (alpha 5) cloned from human placenta and shown to be expressed in human kidney. The other was from a type IV collagen chain with close similarities to alpha 1 and alpha 5 chains, and was used to obtain human cDNA sequences by cDNA library screening and by further polymerase chain reaction amplifications. The correspondence of the derived amino acid sequence of the new chain with published protein and cDNA sequences shows it to be the alpha 3 chain of type IV collagen. Its gene, COL4A3, maps to 2q36-2q37. The primary sequence and other characteristics of this chain confirm that it carries the Goodpasture antigen.
A generalised module for the selective extracellular accumulation of recombinant proteins (2012)

The advantage of this module is that it relies on a relatively simple and easily manipulated secretion system, exhibits no apparent limitation to the size of the secreted protein and can deliver proteins to the extracellular environment at levels of purity and yields sufficient for many biotechnological applications.
Genetic basis of resistance to rimantadine emerging during treatment of influenza virus infection (1988)

The emergence of influenza A viruses which had acquired resistance to rimantadine during a clinical trial (C. B. Hall, R. Dolin, C. L. Gala, D. M. Markovitz, Y. Q. Zhang, P. H. Madore, F. A. Disney, W. B. Talpey, J. L. Green, A. B. Francis, and M. E. Pichichero, Pediatrics 80:275-282, 1987) provided the opportunity to determine the genetic basis of this phenomenon. Analysis of reassortant viruses generated with a resistant clinical isolate (H3N2) and the susceptible influenza A/Singapore/57 (H2N2) virus indicated that RNA segment 7 coding for matrix and M2 proteins conferred the resistant phenotype. Resistant viruses isolated from seven patients each contained a single change in the nucleotide sequence coding for the M2 protein which resulted in substitutions in amino acid 30 (two viruses) or 31 (five viruses) in the transmembrane domain of the molecule. These changes occurred in locations identified in influenza viruses selected for resistance to amantadine in tissue culture and indicate a common mechanism of action of the two compounds in cell culture and during chemotherapeutic use.
Anti-HIV effect of gramicidin in vitro: Potential for spermicide use (1994)

Gramicidin, cation channel forming ionophore with antibacterial properties, was studied in vitro for inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection of MT-4 lymphocytes. Effective antiviral concentrations required for complete HIV inactivation were three orders of magnitude lower than 10 micrograms/ml cytotoxic dose. Gramicidin, routinely used as a contraceptive agent, should be considered for clinical application as a spermicide with antiviral activity.
Role of Left Ventricular Stiffness in Heart Failure With Normal Ejection Fraction (2008)

Increased left ventricular stiffness contributed to increased end-diastolic pressure during handgrip exercise and decreased stroke volume during atrial pacing in patients with HFNEF. These data suggest that left ventricular stiffness modulates cardiac function in HFNEF patients and suggests that diastolic dysfunction with increased stiffness is a target for treating HFNEF.
Effects of Inhaled Prostacyclin Analogue on Chronic Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension (2001)

Inhaled PGI2 has been reported to elicit pulmonary vasodilation, but whether it is also effective in treating chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension is still uncertain. We designed this study to address the in vivo effectiveness of inhaled Beraprost, a stable PGI2 analogue, on pulmonary vascular tone during hypoxic exposure in normoxic (N) and chronically hypoxic (CH) rats. Pulmonary vasodilation was observed by low-dose inhaled Beraprost in N rats, but not in CH rats. It was not until higher doses of Beraprost were given that pulmonary vasodilation was obtained in CH rats. When the agent was continuously administered by an intravascular route at the inhaled dose, it elicited no vasodilation in N rats. On the contrary, it elicited profound vasodilation in CH rats, although a concomitant systemic hypotension was observed. The PGI2 receptor mRNA expression was unchanged in the lungs of CH rats compared with that of N rats. We conclude that low doses of aerosolized Beraprost may reduce pulmonary vascular tone in rats without preexisting lung diseases. In contrast, when hypoxic pulmonary hypertension is present, the threshold of Beraprost inhalation was elevated to provoke pulmonary vasodilation.
Vascular cell-adhesion molecule-1 plays a central role in the proangiogenic effects of oxidative stress (2011)

Oxidative stress exacerbates neovascularization (NV) in many disease processes. In this study we investigated the mechanism of that effect. Mice deficient in superoxide dismutase 1 (Sod1(-/-) mice) have increased oxidative stress and show severe ocular NV that is reduced to baseline by antioxidants. Compared with wild-type mice with ischemic retinopathy, Sod1(-/-) mice with ischemic retinopathy had increased expression of several NF-κB-responsive genes, but expression of vascular cell-adhesion molecule-1 (Vcam1) was particularly high. Intraocular injection of anti-VCAM-1 antibody eliminated the excessive ischemia-induced retinal NV. Elements that contributed to oxidative stress-induced worsening of retinal NV that were abrogated by blockade of VCAM-1 included increases in leukostasis, influx of bone marrow-derived cells, and capillary closure. Compared with ischemia alone, ischemia plus oxidative stress resulted in increased expression of several HIF-1-responsive genes caused in part by VCAM-1-induced worsening of nonperfusion and, hence, ischemia, because anti-VCAM-1 significantly reduced the increased expression of all but one of the genes. These data explain why oxidative stress worsens ischemia-induced retinal NV and may be relevant to other neovascular diseases in which oxidative stress has been implicated. The data also suggest that antagonism of VCAM-1 provides a potential therapy to combat worsening of neovascular diseases by oxidative stress.
An error-control scheme for a multicast protocol based on round-trip time calculations (2002)

In contrast to traditional one-to-one applications, distributed multimedia applications are based on communication scenarios that involve huge but often limited groups of participants. In general, tele-teaching and virtual reality scenarios require multicasting capabilities that have to deal with reliable data, e.g., simulation data, in addition to isochronous data, e.g., audio or video, that allow for losses depending an the compression technique or color tables. In particular, reliable control messages are needed for multicast signalling purposes. Existing networks have to be enhanced by integrating reliable multicast data transmission protocols to overcome this deficiency. The presented approach provides a network independent error-control scheme for a multicast protocol, offering a high stability in the local area, and an adaptable solution for metropolitan and wide area networks.
Highly Efficient OLEDs with Phosphorescent Materials (2007)

1 Triplet Emitters for Organic Light-Emitting Diodes: Basic Properties (Hartmut Yersin and Walter J. Finkenzeller) 2 Spin Correlations in Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (Manfred J. Walter and John M. Lupton) 3 Cyclometallated Organoiridium Complexes as Emitters in Electrophosphorescent Devices (Peter I. Djurovich and Mark E. Thompson) 4 Highly Effi cient Red-Phosphorescent Iridium Complexes (Akira Tsuboyama, Shinjiro Okada, and Kazunori Ueno) 5 Pyridyl Azolate Based Luminescent Complexes: Strategic Design, Photophysics, and Applications (Yun Chi and Pi-Tai Chou) 6 Physical Processes in Polymer-Based Electrophosphorescent Devices (Xiao-Hui Yang, Frank Jaiser, and Dieter Neher) 7 Phosphorescent Platinum(II) Materials for OLED Applications (Hai-Feng Xiang, Siu-Wai Lai, P. T. Lai, and Chi-Ming Che) 8 Energy-Transfer Processes between Phosphorescent Guest and Fluorescent Host Molecules in Phosphorescent OLEDs (Isao Tanaka and Shizuo Tokito) 9 High-Effi ciency Phosphorescent Polymer LEDs (Addy van Dijken, Klemens Brunner, Herbert Borner, and Bea M.W. Langeveld) 10 Electroluminescence from Metal-Containing Polymers and Metal Complexes with Functional Ligands (Chris Shuk Kwan Mak, and Wai Kin Chan) 11 Molecular Engineering of Iridium Complexes and their Application in Organic Light Emitting Devices (Mohammad K. Nazeeruddin, Cedric Klein, Michael Gratzel, Libero Zuppiroli, and Detlef Berner) 12 Progress in Electroluminescence Based on Lanthanide Complexes (Zu-Qiang Bian and Chun-Hui Huang)
Changes in Cytokinin Content and Cytokinin Oxidase Activity in Response to Derepression of ipt Gene Transcription in Transgenic Tobacco Calli and Plants (1996)

Metabolic control of cytokinin oxidase by its substrate was investigated in planta using wild-type (WT) and conditionally ipt gene-expressing transgenic (IPT) tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) callus cultures and plants. The derepression of the tetracycline (Tc)-dependent ipt gene transcription was followed by a progressive, more than 100-fold increase in total cytokinin content in IPT calli. The activity of cytokinin oxidase extracted from these calli began to increase 16 to 20 h after gene derepression, and after 13 d it was 10-fold higher than from Tc-treated WT calli. An increase in cytokinin oxidase activity, as a consequence of elevated cytokinin levels, was found in detached leaves (8-fold after 4 d) and in roots of intact plants (4-fold after 3 d). The partially purified cytokinin oxidase from WT, repressed IPT, and Tc-derepressed IPT tobacco calli exhibited similar characteristics. It had the same broad pH optimum (pH 6.5-8.5), its activity in vitro was enhanced 4-fold in the presence of copper-imidazole, and the apparent Km(N6-[[delta]2iso-pentenyl]adenine) values were in the range of 3.1 to 4.9 [mu]M. The increase in cytokinin oxidase activity in cytokinin-overproducing tissue was associated with the accumulation of a glycosylated form of the enzyme. The present data indicate the substrate induction of cytokinin oxidase activity in different tobacco tissues, which may contribute to hormone homeostasis.
Inequalities at Work: The Gender Division of Labour in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe (1990)

(1990). Inequalities at Work: The Gender Division of Labour in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe. Studies in Political Economy: Vol. 33, No. 1, pp. 39-61.
Increased Dendrite Branching in AβPP/PS1 Mice and Elongation of Dendrite Arbors by Fasudil Administration (2010)

Amyloid-beta (Abeta) overproduction and dendrite arbor atrophy are hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease. The RhoA GTPase (Rho) signals through Rho kinase (ROCK) to control cytoskeletal dynamics and regulate neuron structure. Hyperactive Rho signaling destabilizes neurons leading to dendritic regression that can be rescued by genetic or pharmacological reduction of ROCK signaling. To understand what effect reduced ROCK signaling has on the dendrite arbors of mice that overproduce Abeta, we administered the ROCK inhibitor fasudil to AbetaPP/PS1 transgenic mice. We report that increased dendrite branching occurs in AbetaPP/PS1 mice and that fasudil promotes lengthening of the dendrite arbors of CA1 pyramidal neurons.
<title>Mapping of hyperelastic deformable templates using the finite element method</title> (1995)

In the current work we integrate well established techniques from finite deformation continuum mechanics with concepts from pattern recognition and image processing to develop a new finite element (FE) tool that combines image-based data with mechanics. Results track the deformation of material continua in the presence of unknown forces and/or material properties by using image-based data to provide the additional required information. The deformation field is determined from a variational problem that combines both the mechanics and models of the imaging sensors. A nonlinear FE approach is used to approximate the solution of the coupled problem. Results can be applied to (1) track the motion of deforming material and/or, (2) morphological warping of template images or patterns. 2D example results are provided for problems of the second type. One of the present examples was motivated primarily by a problem in medical imaging--mapping intersubject geometrical differences in human anatomical structures--with specific results given for the mapping 2D slices of the human distal femur based on X-ray computed tomographic images.
Application of hidden Markov models for recognition of a limited set of words in unconstrained speech (2003)

The authors present an algorithm based on hidden Markov models which can recognize a predefined set of vocabulary items spoken in the context of fluent speech. They show that for a vocabulary of five words, it is possible to correctly recognize 87.1% of keywords when they occur in fluent speech and are spoken over a long-distance telephone network. While this task is significantly easier than what is normally associated with keyword spotting in continuous speech, it does address an important problem that must be solved for successful deployment of speech-recognition technology.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Depth-Fused 3D Imagery on an Immaterial Display (2008)

We present an immaterial display that uses a generalized form of depth-fused 3D (DFD) rendering to create unencumbered 3D visuals. To accomplish this result, we demonstrate a DFD display simulator that extends the established depth-fused 3D principle by using screens in arbitrary configurations and from arbitrary viewpoints. The feasibility of the generalized DFD effect is established with a user study using the simulator. Based on these results, we developed a prototype display using one or two immaterial screens to create an unencumbered 3D visual that users can penetrate, examining the potential for direct walk-through and reach-through manipulation of the 3D scene. We evaluate the prototype system in formative and summative user studies and report the tolerance thresholds discovered for both tracking and projector errors.
Regulation of Intracellular Accumulation of Mutant Huntingtin by Beclin 1 (2006)

Intracellular accumulation of mutant Huntingtin with expanded polyglutamine provides a context-dependent cytotoxicity critical for the pathogenesis of Huntington disease (Everett, C. M., and Wood, N. W. (2004) Brain 127, 2385-2405). Here we demonstrate that the accumulation of mutant Huntingtin is highly sensitive to the expression of beclin 1, a gene essential for autophagy. Moreover, we show that the accumulated mutant Huntingtin recruits Beclin 1 and impairs the Beclin 1-mediated long lived protein turnover. Thus, sequestration of Beclin 1 in the vulnerable neuronal population of Huntington disease patients might further reduce Beclin 1 function and autophagic degradation of mutant Huntingtin. Finally, we demonstrate that the expression of beclin 1 decreases in an age-dependent fashion in human brains. Because beclin 1 gene is haploid insufficient in regulating autophagosome function (Qu, X., Yu, J., Bhagat, G., Furuya, N., Hibshoosh, H., Troxel, A., Rosen, J., Eskelinen, E. L., Mizushima, N., Ohsumi, Y., Cattoretti, G., and Levine, B. (2003) J. Clin. Invest. 112, 1809-1820; Yue, Z., Jin, S., Yang, C., Levine, A. J., and Heintz, N. (2003) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 100, 15077-15082), we propose that the age-dependent decrease of beclin 1 expression may lead to a reduction of autophagic activity during aging, which in turn promotes the accumulation of mutant Htt and the progression of the disease.
The Chemical Synthesis and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of Adenosylcobalamin Selectivity Enriched with Carbon-13 (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Chemical Synthesis and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of Adenosylcobalamin Selectivity Enriched with Carbon-13Thomas Walker, Harry Hogenkamp, Terry Needham, and Nick MatwiyoffCite this: Biochemistry 1974, 13, 12, 2650–2655Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1974Publication History Published online15 July 2003Published inissue 1 June 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00709a601https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00709a601research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views83Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Inborn Errors of Lipid Metabolism (1973)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Analytical Studies Enzyme Deficiencies Characterization of the Relevant Enzymes Enzyme Therapy Genetic Engineering Conclusions