gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molecular recognition at the electrode-solution interface. Design, self-assembly, and interfacial binding properties of a molecular sensor (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMolecular recognition at the electrode-solution interface. Design, self-assembly, and interfacial binding properties of a molecular sensorMaria T. Rojas and Angel E. KaiferCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 21, 5883–5884Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00126a041https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00126a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views373Altmetric-Citations74LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Electrophoretically Uniform Fluorescent Dyes for Automated DNA Sequencing (1996)

A class of dyes, BODIPY fluorophores, has been identified for automated DNA sequencing that has improved spectral characteristics compared with conventional fluorescein and rhodamine dyes. Single and double BODIPY dye primers were characterized in commercially available DNA sequencers and showed uniform electrophoretic mobilities and high fluorescence intensities. The improved physical properties of BODIPY dye primers were demonstrated by direct base-calling from the unprocessed fluorescent signals and improved heterozygote analyses of mixed-base populations. The high sensitivity of BODIPY dye primers requires at least 33 percent less reagent consumed per reaction than conventional dye primers, which should affect the costs of large genome-sequencing efforts.
Structural determination and immunochemical characterization of the type V group B Streptococcus capsular polysaccharide. (1991)

The type V capsular polysaccharide of group B Streptococcus has been isolated and purified, and its repeating unit structure determined.The native type v polysaccharide contains D-glUCOSe, D-galactose, 2acetamido-2-deoxy-~-glucose, and sialic acid in a molar ratio of 3:2:1:1.Methylation analysis and 'H NMR and '"C NMR analysis of the native type V polysaccharide and of its specifically degraded products permitted the determination of the repeating unit structure of the type V polysaccharide: ~4 ) -a -~-G l c p -( 1 ~4 ) -P -~-G a l p -( l ~4 ) -~-D -G l c p -( l ~ 6 3 1 1 4 1 3 2 a-D-NeupNAc t T
Tailoring Nanoparticle Surface Chemistry to Enhance Laser Desorption Ionization of Peptides and Proteins (2007)

Gold nanoparticles capped with 4-aminothiophenol have been employed for laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry of biomolecules. We demonstrate that the capped nanoparticles increase ion yields, decrease ion fragmentation, and increase the useful analyte mass range when compared to other nanoparticle systems. These results will allow for further development of nanoparticles with both targeting and enhanced ionization abilities to aid in biomarker screening.
Studies in detoxication. 67. The biosynthesis of the glucuronides of umbelliferone and 4-methylumbelliferone and their use in fluorimetric determination of β-glucuronidase (1955)

Umbelliferone (7-hydroxycoumarin) and its con- jugates appear to be metabolites of coumarin in the rabbit (Mead, Smith & Williams, 1955). It was observed that, although umbelliferone fluoresced strongly in ultraviolet light at pH 9-10, its conjugates showed little or no fluorescence. The glucu- ronide and ethereal sulphate of umbelliferone were therefore made and the former was found to be practically non-fluorescent. The possibility that these conjugates could be used as substrates for the determination of ,-glucuronidase and arylsul- phatase was therefore investigated. Since umbelliferone is highly fluorescent it appeared likely that these conjugates could be used for the deternina- tion of the enzymes in very small amounts of material. The present communication deals with the use of the glucuronides of umbelliferone and the cheaper 4-methylumbelliferone (7-hydroxy-4-
Tonsillectomy as a treatment for psoriasis: A review (2013)

Psoriasis is a chronic skin disorder that affects 1% to 3% of the general population worldwide. Streptococcal infection, especially streptococcal pharyngitis, has been shown to be a significant trigger of psoriasis in some patients, possibly by sensitizing T cells to keratin epitopes in the skin. Due to the role of the palatine tonsils as an immunological organ that may generate autoreactive T cells, tonsillectomy has been investigated as a treatment for psoriasis. Tonsillectomy originally gained acceptance in Japan as a treatment for palmoplantar pustulosis, a condition that shares features with pustular psoriasis. Subsequently, tonsillectomy has been used for the treatment of plaque psoriasis and guttate psoriasis. Recently, the first randomized, controlled clinical trial of tonsillectomy was performed. Here, we review the available evidence for the benefit of tonsillectomy as a treatment for palmoplantar pustulosis and psoriasis. We also discuss molecular studies aimed at understanding the role of tonsils in skin disease.
Specific interference with gene expression induced by long, double-stranded RNA in mouse embryonal teratocarcinoma cell lines (2001)

In eukaryotes, double-stranded (ds) RNA induces sequence-specific inhibition of gene expression, referred to as RNA interference (RNAi). In invertebrates, RNAi can be triggered effectively by either long dsRNAs or 21- to 23-nt-long short interfering (si) duplex RNAs, acting as effectors of RNAi. siRNAs recently have been shown to act as potent inducers of RNAi in cultured mammalian cells. However, studies of RNAi activated by long dsRNA are impeded by its nonspecific effects, mediated by dsRNA-dependent protein kinase PKR and RNase L. Here, we report that the RNAi response can be induced effectively by long dsRNA in nondifferentiated mouse cells grown in culture. Transfection of dsRNA into embryonal carcinoma (EC) P19 and F9 cells results in a sequence-specific decrease in the level of proteins expressed from either exogenous or endogenous genes. dsRNA-mediated inhibition of the reporter gene also occurs in mouse embryonic stem cells. The RNAi effect is mediated by siRNAs, which are generated by cleavage of dsRNA by the RNaseIII-like enzyme, Dicer. We demonstrate that extracts prepared from EC cells catalyze processing of dsRNA into approximately 23-nt fragments and that Dicer localizes to the cytoplasm of EC and HeLa cells.
Doxylamine Succinate/Pyridoxine Hydrochloride (2013)

Each month, subscribers to The Formulary Monograph Service receive 5 to 6 well-documented monographs on drugs that are newly released or are in late phase 3 trials. The monographs are targeted to Pharmacy & Therapeutics Committees. Subscribers also receive monthly 1-page summary monographs on agents that are useful for agendas and pharmacy/nursing in-services. A comprehensive target drug utilization evaluation/medication use evaluation (DUE/MUE) is also provided each month. With a subscription, the monographs are sent in print and are also available online. Monographs can be customized to meet the needs of a facility. A drug class review is now published monthly with The Formulary Monograph Service. Through the cooperation of The Formulary, Hospital Pharmacy publishes selected reviews in this column. For more information about The Formulary Monograph Service, call The Formulary at 800-322-4349. The October 2013 monograph topics are afatinib, ferric carboxymaltose, cangrelor, vedolizumab, and albiglutide. The DUE/MUE is on afatinib.
Podocytes use FcRn to clear IgG from the glomerular basement membrane (2008)

The glomerular filtration barrier prevents large serum proteins from being lost into the urine. It is not known, however, why the filter does not routinely clog with large proteins that enter the glomerular basement membrane (GBM). Here, we provide evidence that an active transport mechanism exists to remove immunoglobulins that accumulate at the filtration barrier. We found that FcRn, an IgG and albumin transport receptor, is expressed in podocytes and functions to internalize IgG from the GBM. Mice lacking FcRn accumulated IgG in the GBM as they aged, and tracer studies showed delayed clearance of IgG from the kidneys of FcRn-deficient mice. Supporting a role for this pathway in disease, saturating the clearance mechanism potentiated the pathogenicity of nephrotoxic sera. These studies support the idea that podocytes play an active role in removing proteins from the GBM and suggest that genetic or acquired impairment of the clearance machinery is likely to be a common mechanism promoting glomerular diseases.
Unresolved sources, sinks, and pathways for the recovery of enteric bacteria from nitrosative stress (2011)

Major questions concerning the sources and mechanisms of the reduction of nitric oxide by enteric bacteria remain unresolved. The membrane-associated nitrate reductase is the major source of NO generated from nitrite, but at least one other source remains to be identified. Nitrite reductases are primarily detoxification systems that decrease rather than increase the accumulation of NO in the cytoplasm. Whether they also catalyze NO formation is unresolved. The FNR protein that regulates transitions between aerobic and anaerobic growth is inactivated as a consequence of nitrosative damage, but we challenge the idea that FNR is a physiologically relevant sensor of NO, except under the most severe nitrosative stress. As none of the three enzymes that reduce NO account for the majority of the rate of NO reduction, additional mechanisms remain to be discovered. Little is known about the biochemistry of damage repair. Whatever the growth conditions and however severe the nitrosative stress, groups of proteins are synthesized to protect the bacterial cytoplasm against the side effects of nitrate and nitrite reduction. The enigmatic hybrid cluster protein is more likely to be part of a repair pathway than a hydroxylamine reductase, as annotated in many genome databases.
Protective Effect of a Tuberculosis Subunit Vaccine Based on a Fusion of Antigen 85B and ESAT-6 in the Aerosol Guinea Pig Model (2004)

ABSTRACT A fusion protein of antigen 85B (Ag85B) and ESAT-6 administered in cationic lipid vesicles conferred a highly significant level of protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the guinea pig aerosol model of infection. The protection was manifested as delayed clinical illness and prolonged survival. Neither Ag85B nor ESAT-6 (independently or as a cocktail) induced significant protection in this model.
Increased expression of N-myristoyltransferase in gallbladder carcinomas (2000)

The increased expression of NMT in these tumors could be due to transcriptional activation. Tumors with increased expression of NMT and p53 were associated with poor clinical outcomes as evidenced by their mean survival times. NMT is likely to play a pathogenic role in gallbladder carcinoma.
Rheological and Structural Properties of Egg White/Oat Globulin Co‐Gels (1990)

ABSTRACT Co‐gels of egg white (EW) and oat globulin (native and deamidated) were prepared by heating mixtures of the two proteins at different ratios. Rheological properties of the co‐gels were assessed by small amplitude oscillatory tests. Storage (G′) and loss (G″) moduli of the co‐gels increased with increases in EW content in the mixtures. At comparable EW/non‐EW ratios, EW formed much stronger co‐gels with deamidated oat globulin (DOG) than with native globulin (OG) or several other non‐EW proteins. Microscopic examination of mixed gels revealed structural differences between EW/OG and EW/DOG co‐gels. The former exhibited a two gel system with OG distributed discontinuously throughout the supporting EW matrix. DOG and EW formed a homogenous gel network, demonstrating compatibility between the two proteins.
The development of the somatosensory evoked potential in the unanaesthetized fetal sheep. (1987)

Somatosensory evoked potentials were recorded in utero from 13 chronically instrumented fetal lambs (97 to 148 days of gestation) following electrical stimulation of the upper lip or upper limb. Several clear and reproducible peaks were observed. Following upper lip stimulation, peaks were seen with mean peak latencies of 9, 13.2, 17.8, 21.3, 33.8 and 206 ms at a gestational age of 125 days. Similar peaks, but of slightly later mean latencies, were seen following limb stimulation. These peaks demonstrated significant gestational age related falls in peak latencies (P less than 0.05). Several of the mid to late latency peaks, notably those occurring at 21.3, 33.8 and 206 ms, demonstrated changes (P less than 0.05) in both latency (longer in low voltage) and amplitude (reduced in low voltage) dependent on electrocorticographic state. Rate of stimulus presentation also had a significant effect on both amplitude and latency of several peaks (P less than 0.05) with this effect lessening with advancing gestational age. Evoked potentials can thus be successfully obtained from chronically instrumented fetal lambs and provide a useful indice for studies of neural maturation.
A standard product approach to spaceborne payload processing (2002)

A scalable, reprogrammable, highly modular general-purpose payload architecture is presented for space applications. Based on COTS standards and components, the approach presented represents a highly efficient coupling between general purpose DSP elements and payload control solutions. The proposed payload architecture and functional partition provides the spacecraft systems integrator a powerful set of COTS based solutions previously not available to the space community.
The stereochemical course of the restriction endonuclease EcoRI-catalyzed reaction. (1984)

The restriction endonuclease EcoRI hydrolyzes the Rp diastereomer of d(pGGsAATTCC), an analogue of d(pGGAATTCC) containing a chiral phosphorothioate group at the cleavage site between the deoxyguanosine and the deoxyadenosine residues (Connolly, B.A., Potter, B.V.L., Eckstein, F., Pingoud, A., and Grotjahn, L. (1984) Biochemistry 23, 3343-3453). Performing the reaction in H2(18)O leads to d(pGG) and the hexanucleotide d([18O, S]pAATTCC) which has an 18O-containing phosphorothioate group at the 5' terminus. Further hydrolysis of this hexamer with nuclease P1 yields deoxyadenosine 5'-O-[18O]phosphorothioate which can be stereospecifically phosphorylated with adenylate kinase and pyruvate kinase to give Sp-[18O] deoxyadenosine 5'-O-(1-thiotriphosphate). 31P NMR spectroscopy shows the oxygen-18 in this compound to be in a bridging position between the alpha- and beta-phosphorus atoms. Thus, the hydrolysis reaction catalyzed by EcoRI proceeds with inversion of configuration at phosphorus. This result is compatible with a direct enzyme-catalyzed nucleophilic attack of H2O at phosphorus without involvement of a covalent enzyme intermediate.
Mucosal adjuvants and delivery systems for protein‐, DNA‐ and RNA‐based vaccines (2004)

Almost all vaccinations today are delivered through parenteral routes. Mucosal vaccination offers several benefits over parenteral routes of vaccination, including ease of administration, the possibility of self-administration, elimination of the chance of injection with infected needles, and induction of mucosal as well as systemic immunity. However, mucosal vaccines have to overcome several formidable barriers in the form of significant dilution and dispersion; competition with a myriad of various live replicating bacteria, viruses, inert food and dust particles; enzymatic degradation; and low pH before reaching the target immune cells. It has long been known that vaccination through mucosal membranes requires potent adjuvants to enhance immunogenicity, as well as delivery systems to decrease the rate of dilution and degradation and to target the vaccine to the site of immune function. This review is a summary of current approaches to mucosal vaccination, and it primarily focuses on adjuvants as immunopotentiators and vaccine delivery systems for mucosal vaccines based on protein, DNA or RNA. In this context, we define adjuvants as protein or oligonucleotides with immunopotentiating properties co-administered with pathogen-derived antigens, and vaccine delivery systems as chemical formulations that are more inert and have less immunomodulatory effects than adjuvants, and that protect and deliver the vaccine through the site of administration. Although vaccines can be quite diverse in their composition, including inactivated virus, virus-like particles and inactivated bacteria (which are inert), protein-like vaccines, and non-replicating viral vectors such as poxvirus and adenovirus (which can serve as DNA delivery systems), this review will focus primarily on recombinant protein antigens, plasmid DNA, and alphavirus-based replicon RNA vaccines and delivery systems. This review is not an exhaustive list of all available protein, DNA and RNA vaccines, with related adjuvants and delivery systems, but rather is an attempt to highlight many of the currently available approaches in immunopotentiation of mucosal vaccines.
Variations in response of human brain tumors to BCNU in vitro (1978)

✓ A microtiter assay was used to study the sensitivity of 24 cultured human astrocytomas to the chemotherapeutic agent 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU). The tumor cell lines tested originated from patients who were being treated with postoperative chemotherapy within the past 24 months. At a dose level comparable to the maximum in vivo therapeutic dose level, 18 of the 24 cell lines tested showed a significant response to the drug. If in vitro response can eventually be correlated with clinical response, this microtiter assay could help to form a basis for planning more specific chemotherapeutic treatment.
Large area high density quantized magnetic disks fabricated using nanoimprint lithography (1998)

A new low-cost, high throughput method was developed for fabricating large area quantized magnetic disks (QMDs) using nanoimprint lithography (NIL), electroplating, and chemical mechanical polishing. Perpendicular QMDs with a density of 18 Gbit/in.2 and good uniformity over an area of 4 cm×4 cm (total 45 Gbit) have been achieved, as well as longitudinal QMDs of 30 Gbit/in.2 The NIL molds for the perpendicular QMDs were fabricated using double NIL with a grating mold. The magnetic properties of both types of QMDs were studied by magnetic force microscopy.
High-energy pulse compression by use of negative phase shifts produced by the cascade ?^(2):?^(2) nonlinearity (1999)

We report a simple optical pulse-compression technique based on quadratic nonlinear media. Negative nonlinear phase shifts are generated by phase-mismatched second-harmonic generation, and the phase-modulated pulses are then compressed by propagation through materials with normal dispersion. Millijoule-energy pulses from a Ti:sapphire amplifier are compressed from 120 to 30 fs, and calculations indicate that compression ratios of >10 are realistically achievable by use of this approach with optimal materials. The insertion loss of the compressor can be less than 10% of the pulse energy, and scaling to higher pulse energies will be straightforward.
A status report on research in transparent informed prefetching (1993)

This paper focuses on extending the power of caching and prefetching to reduce file read latencies by exploiting application level hints about future I/O accesses. We argue that systems that disclose high-level knowledge can transfer optimization information across module boundaries in a manner consistent with sound software engineering principles. Such Transparent Informed Prefetching (TIP) systems provide a technique for converting the high throughput of new technologies such as disk arrays and log-structured file systems into low latency for applications. Our preliminary experiments show that even without a high-throughput I/O subsystem TIP yields reduced execution time of up to 30% for applications obtaining data from a remote file server and up to 13% for applications obtaining data from a single local disk. These experiments indicate that greater performance benefits will be available when TIP is integrated with low level resource management policies and highly parallel I/O subsystems such as disk arrays.
Strategic directions in electronic commerce and digital libraries (1996)

article Free AccessStrategic directions in electronic commerce and digital libraries: towards a digital agora Authors: Nabil Adam Rutgers University, Newark, NJ Rutgers University, Newark, NJView Profile , Yelena Yesha Rutgers University, Newark, NJ Rutgers University, Newark, NJView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM Computing SurveysVolume 28Issue 4pp 818–835https://doi.org/10.1145/242223.246871Published:01 December 1996Publication History 33citation2,494DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations33Total Downloads2,494Last 12 Months53Last 6 weeks2 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Visualization of molecular and cellular events with green fluorescent proteins in developing embryos: a review (2002)

During the past 5 years, green fluorescent protein (GFP) has become one of the most widely used in vivo protein markers for studying a number of different molecular processes during development, such as promoter activation, gene expression, protein trafficking and cell lineage determination. GFP fluorescence allows observation of dynamic developmental processes in real time, in both transiently and stably transformed cells, as well as in live embryos. In this review, we include the most up-to-date use of GFP during embryonic development and point out the unique contribution of GFP visualization, which resulted in novel discoveries.
Cyclic MUSIC algorithms for signal-selective direction estimation (2003)

Signal-selective direction-finding algorithms that overcome many of the limitations of existing techniques are presented. The algorithms automatically classify signals as desired or undesired on the basis of their known spectral correlation properties and estimate only the desired signals' directions of arrival. The signal-selective nature of the techniques eliminates the need for knowledge of the characteristics of the noise or interference in the environment and makes it possible to resolve a number of desired signals not exceeding the number of sensors in the presence of arbitrary noise and a virtually unlimited number of unknown interferers. For example, the interferers can exhibit an arbitrarily high degree of correlation among themselves and can arrive from directions arbitrarily close to those of the desired signals.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>