gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Blood Glucose Measurement Using Bioimpedance Technique (2014)

Bioimpedance measurement is gaining importance in wide field of bioresearch and biomedical systems due to its noninvasive nature. Noninvasive measurement method is very important to decrease infection and physical injuries which result due to invasive measurement. This paper presents basic principle of bioimpedance along with its application for blood glucose analysis and effect of frequency on impedance measurement. Input from bioimpedance sensor is given to amplifier and signal conditioner AD5933. AD5933 is then interfaced with microcontroller LPC1768 using I2C bus for displaying reading on LCD. Results can also be stored in database using UART interface of LPC1768.
The High-Mobility Group A1a/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription-3 Axis: An Achilles Heel for Hematopoietic Malignancies? (2008)

Although HMGA1 (high-mobility group A1; formerly HMG-I/Y) is an oncogene that is widely overexpressed in aggressive cancers, the molecular mechanisms underlying transformation by HMGA1 are only beginning to emerge. HMGA1 encodes the HMGA1a and HMGA1b protein isoforms, which function in regulating gene expression. To determine how HMGA1 leads to neoplastic transformation, we looked for genes regulated by HMGA1 using gene expression profile analysis. Here, we show that the STAT3 gene, which encodes the signaling molecule signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), is a critical downstream target of HMGA1a. STAT3 mRNA and protein are up-regulated in fibroblasts overexpressing HMGA1a and activated STAT3 recapitulates the transforming activity of HMGA1a in fibroblasts. HMGA1a also binds directly to a conserved region of the STAT3 promoter in vivo in human leukemia cells by chromatin immunoprecipitation and activates transcription of the STAT3 promoter in transfection experiments. To determine if this pathway contributes to HMGA1-mediated transformation, we investigated STAT3 expression in our HMGA1a transgenic mice, all of which developed aggressive lymphoid malignancy. STAT3 expression was increased in the leukemia cells from our transgenics but not in control cells. Blocking STAT3 function induced apoptosis in the transgenic leukemia cells but not in controls. In primary human leukemia samples, there was a positive correlation between HMGA1a and STAT3 mRNA. Moreover, blocking STAT3 function in human leukemia or lymphoma cells led to decreased cellular motility and foci formation. Our results show that the HMGA1a-STAT3 axis is a potential Achilles heel that could be exploited therapeutically in hematopoietic and other malignancies overexpressing HMGA1a.
Research approaches to describe the mechanisms of injuries in sport: limitations and possibilities (2005)

A number of different methodological approaches have been used to describe the inciting event for sports injuries. These include interviews of injured athletes, analysis of video recordings of actual injuries, clinical studies (clinical findings of joint damage are studied to understand the injury mechanism, mainly through plain radiography, magnetic resonance imaging, arthroscopy, and computed tomography scans), in vivo studies (ligament strain or forces are measured to understand ligament loading patterns), cadaver studies, mathematical modelling and simulation of injury situations, and measurement/estimation from "close to injury" situations. In rare cases, injuries have even occurred during biomechanical experiments. This review describes each research approach and assesses its strengths and weaknesses in contributing to the understanding and prevention of sports injuries.
Infusible platelet membrane microvesicles: a potential transfusion substitute for platelets (1996)

IPM may have clinical potential as a substitute for platelets in the treatment of bleeding due to thrombocytopenia.
Cryiptography and Network Security : Principles and Practices, 3rd ed (2003)

NOTATION PREFACE CHAPTER 0 READER'S GUIDE CHAPTER 1 OVERVIEW PART ONE SYMMETRIC CIPHERS CHAPTER 2 CLASSICAL ENCRYPTION TECHNIQUES CHAPTER 3 BLOCK CIPHERS AND THE DATA ENCRYPTION STANDARD CHAPTER 4 INTRODUCTION TO FINITE FIELDS CHAPTER 5 ADVANCED ENCRYPTION STANDARD CHAPTER 6 MORE ON SYMMETRIC CIPHERS CHAPTER 7 CONFIDENTIALITY USING SYMMETRIC ENCRYPTION PART TWO PUBLIC-KEY ENCRYPTION AND HASH FUNCTIONS CHAPTER 8 INTRODUCTION TO NUMBER THEORY CHAPTER 9 PUBLIC-KEY CRYPTOGRAPHY AND RSA CHAPTER 10 KEY MANAGEMENT OTHER PUBLIC-KEY CRYPTOSYSTEMS CHAPTER 11 MESSAGE AUTHENTICATION AND HASH FUNCTIONS 1 CHAPTER 12 HASH AND MAC ALGORITHMS CHAPTER 13 DIGITAL SIGNATURES AND AUTHENTICATION PROTOCOLS PART THREE NETWORK SECURITY PRACTICE CHAPTER 14 AUTHENTICATION APPLICATIONS CHAPTER 15 ELECTRONIC MAIL SECURITY CHAPTER 16 IP SECURITY CHAPTER 17 WEB SECURITY PART FOUR SYSTEM SECURITY CHAPTER 18 INTRUDERS CHAPTER 19 MALICIOUS SOFTWARE CHAPTER 20 FIREWALLS APPENDICES APPENDIX A STANDARDS AND STANDARD-SETTING ORGANIZATIONS APPENDIX B PROJECTS FOR TEACHING CRYPTOGRAPHY AND NETWORK SECURITY ONLINE APPENDICES APPENDIX C SIMPLIFIED DES APPENDIX D THE MEANING OF mod APPENDIX E MORE ON SIMPLIFIED AES APPENDIX F KNAPSACK PUBLIC-KEY ALGORITHM APPENDIX G PROOF OF THE DIGITAL SIGNATURE ALGORITHM GLOSSARY REFERENCES INDEX LIST OF ACRONYMS
Vasodilation in black Americans: Attenuated nitric oxide-mediated responses* (1997)

Our finding of attenuated nitric oxide-mediated vasodilation in response to methacholine and sodium nitroprusside in healthy black American men suggests that attenuated vasodilation in black subjects is a relatively generalized phenomenon, resulting in attenuated responses to multiple vasodilators that act through different receptor- and nonreceptor-mediated mechanisms.
QuagFlow (2010)

Computing history has shown that open, multi-layer hardware and software stacks encourage innovation and bring costs down. Only recently this trend is meeting the networking world with the availability of entire open source networking stacks being closer than ever. Towards this goal, we are working on QuagFlow, a transparent interplay between the popular Quagga open source routing suite and the low level vendor-independent OpenFlow interface. QuagFlow is a distributed system implemented as a NOX controller application and a series of slave daemons running along the virtual machines hosting the Quagga routing instances.
Parasite-induced IL-12 stimulates early IFN- gamma synthesis and resistance during acute infection with Toxoplasma gondii . (1994)

In vitro and in vivo studies were performed to assess the involvement of IL-12 in resistance to acute and chronic infection with an avirulent strain of Toxoplasma gondii. Our previous findings implicated macrophages as a major source of parasite-induced IL-12. This finding was confirmed by showing that peritoneal macrophages exposed to either live parasites or soluble tachyzoite Ags produce IL-12 protein. In mice, increased expression of IL-12 (p40) mRNA in both spleen and peritoneal cells was detected as early as 2 days postinfection. Treatment with neutralizing mAbs against IL-12 increased the susceptibility of C57BL/6, BALB/c, and severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice to acute infection, which resulted in 100% mortality within the first 15 days after parasite inoculation. In contrast, neutralization of endogenously produced IL-12 had no effect when given during chronic infection. In agreement with the survival data, treatment with anti-IL-12 resulted in decreased IFN-gamma and enhanced Th2 (IL-4 and IL-10) cytokine synthesis by splenocytes when given during acute, but not chronic, toxoplasmosis. Sorting experiments on spleen cells from acutely infected mice indicated that both CD4+ lymphocytes and NK1.1+/CD3- cells contribute to the early IFN-gamma response. In contrast, CD4+ cells were found to be the major source of the cytokine during chronic disease. Together, these results suggest that the stimulation of macrophage-derived IL-12 plays a major role in both the induction of resistance and Th1 cell subset selection in acute T. gondii infection, but may not be required to maintain established immunity.
Tumour dormancy in breast cancer: an update (2007)

Delayed recurrences, common in breast cancer, are well explained by the concept of tumour dormancy. Numerous publications describe clinical times to disease recurrence or death, using mathematical approaches to infer mechanisms responsible for delayed recurrences. However, most of the clinical literature discussing tumour dormancy uses data from over a half century ago and much has since changed. This review explores how current breast cancer treatment could change our understanding of the biology of breast cancer tumour dormancy, and summarizes relevant experimental models to date. Current knowledge gaps are highlighted and potential areas of future research are identified.
Paclitaxel and carboplatin: a phase I study in advanced non-small cell lung cancer. (1996)

In the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer paclitaxel (Taxol; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ) has significant activity and carboplatin has single-agent activity comparable with that of cisplatin, with less pronounced nonhematologic toxicity. The optimal doses of paclitaxel and carboplatin in combination have not been determined. We designed a phase I study combining a fixed paclitaxel dose of 175 mg/m2, administered either by 3- or 1-hour infusion, with escalating doses of carboplatin given every 4 weeks. The starting carboplatin dose was 175 mg/m2, with planned dose increases in increments of 25 mg/m2. The primary study objective was to find the maximum tolerated dose of the combination. Secondary objectives were to determine the toxicity profile, response rate, and feasibility of a 1-hour paclitaxel infusion with steroid premedication delivered only 1 hour before the paclitaxel infusion. Eligibility criteria included age 18 to 75 years, no prior chemotherapy, stage IIIB to IV disease, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0 to 2, no second tumors, measurable or evaluable disease, and informed consent. We achieved a carboplatin dose level of 300 mg/m2 without reaching the maximum tolerated dose. The dose-limiting toxicity was granulocytopenia. However, only one patient had a neutrophil count less than 500/microL during the first cycle. Other toxicities during the first and remaining 73 delivered cycles were mild to moderate. Only one patient had treatment delayed, and no dose reductions were necessary. Of 22 patients entered, 19 were evaluable for response (two were not evaluable and one was too early to evaluate). Six partial responses (31%; 95% confidence interval, 13% to 57%), five (26%) stable diseases, and eight (42%) disease progressions were observed. No additional side effects were observed with the 1-hour paclitaxel infusion and single-dose steroid premedication 1 hour before chemotherapy. The study will continue until the paclitaxel/carboplatin maximum tolerated dose is reached.
Selection of Transfected Mammalian Cells (2009)

Abstract To determine the function of a gene in vitro, expression in heterologous cells is often employed. This can be done by transient expression, but often requires a more permanent expression of the gene and the creation of a cell line. This process can involve decisions as to the nature of construct used for expression, and invariably uses some strategy to select the transfected cells. Typically, these strategies use one of a number of genes that confer resistance to an added drug that will kill untransfected cells but not the transfected cells (positive selection). Alternatively, sometimes the strategy uses a gene that will confer sensitivity to a compound and kills the transfected cells (negative selection). This chapter discusses some of the strategies and genes used in creating cell line for in vitro study of gene function. Curr. Protoc. Mol. Biol . 86:9.5.1‐9.5.13. © 2009 by John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.
Hedgehog pathway responsiveness correlates with the presence of primary cilia on prostate stromal cells (2009)

We conclude that paracrine Hedgehog signaling activity in the prostate is associated with the presence of primary cilia on stromal cells but that a role in autocrine Hh signaling remains speculative.
Targeting the JNK Signaling Pathway for Stroke and Parkinsons Diseases Therapy (2005)

The c-Jun NH2-terminal Kinase (JNK) signaling pathway is frequently induced by cellular stress and correlated with neuronal death. This unique property makes JNK signaling a promising target for developing pharmacological intervention. Among several neurological disorders, JNK signaling is particularly implicated in ischemic stroke and Parkinson's disease. The inhibitors of the JNK signaling pathway include upstream kinase inhibitors (for example, CEP-1347), small chemical inhibitors of JNK (SP600125 and AS601245), and peptide inhibitors of the interaction between JNK and its substrates (D-JNKI and I-JIP). The mechanisms by which JNK signaling induces apoptosis and evidence of cytoprotective effects of these JNK inhibitors are summarized in the present review.
A Novel Mesh Electrode Catheter for Mapping and Radiofrequency Delivery at the Left Atrium‐Pulmonary Vein Junction: A Single‐Catheter Approach to Pulmonary Vein Antrum Isolation (2007)

Based on this canine model, a new expandable MESH catheter may safely be used for mapping and for PV antrum isolation. This approach may decrease procedure time without compromising success rate in patients undergoing AF ablation.
Complex formation of platelet thrombospondin with histidine-rich glycoprotein. (1984)

Thrombospondin and histidine-rich glycoprotein are two proteins with diverse biological activities which have been associated with human platelets and other cell systems. Using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, we have demonstrated that purified human platelet thrombospondin formed a complex with purified human plasma histidine-rich glycoprotein. The formation of the thrombospondin-histidine-rich glycoprotein complex was specific, concentration dependent, and saturable. Significant binding was detected when histidine-rich glycoprotein was incubated with thrombospondin immobilized on anti-thrombospondin IgG-coated plates, indicating that the observed complex formation was not due to a thrombospondin interaction with the plastic surface. Sucrose-density-gradient ultracentrifugation of a mixture of thrombospondin and histidine-rich glycoprotein also revealed the formation of fluid-phase complexes, with an estimated stoichiometry of 1 thrombospondin: 3.5 histidine-rich glycoprotein. Fibrinogen, which has been previously shown to bind to absorbed thrombospondin, did not inhibit the formation of the thrombospondin-histidine-rich glycoprotein complex. Histidine-rich glycoprotein complexed with thrombospondin was capable of binding heparin and neutralizing the anticoagulant activity of heparin in plasma. Specific complex formation between thrombospondin and histidine-rich glycoprotein may play a significant role in influencing platelet blood vessel wall interactions as well as modulating the association of various cells with the extracellular matrix.
Nucleotide structure of equine platelet-derived growth factor-A and -B and expression in horses with induced acute tendinitis (2006)

Injured tendon mounts a minimal constitutive PDGF-A or -B mRNA response. Serial exogenous treatment with either PDGF isoform within the first 2 to 4 weeks after tendon injury may bolster the meager PDGF paracrine-autocrine intrinsic response to injury.
The significance of autoantibodies against β2-glycoprotein I (2012)

The antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is defined by the persistent presence of antiphospholipid antibodies in patients with a history of thrombosis and/or pregnancy morbidity, including fetal loss. APS is an autoimmune disease with a confusing name because the pathologic auto-antibodies are shown to be directed against the plasma protein β(2)-glycoprotein I and not against phospholipids. In fact, auto-antibodies that recognize phospholipids themselves are not associated with thrombosis but with infectious diseases. One of the intriguing questions is why autoantibodies against β(2)-glycoprotein I are so commonly found in both patients and the healthy. Several potential mechanisms have been suggested to explain the increased thrombotic risk in patients with these autoantibodies. In this overview, we will summarize our knowledge on the etiology of the autoantibodies, and we will discuss the evidence that identify autoantibodies against β(2)-glycoprotein I as the culprit of APS.
Direct sequencing of double-stranded PCR products incorporating a chemiluminescent detection procedure. (1993)

A simple and reliable method is described for direct sequencing of material generated by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Sequencing reactions can be performed directly on PCR products without the need for purification of the template by removal of residual deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates or primers. The coupling of a chemiluminescent detection system with the use of the same primers in the initial and sequencing PCR's allows for sequencing of a number of PCR products on the one gel.
The Toxicology of Ligands for Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (PPAR) (2005)

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand activated transcription factors that modulate target gene expression in response to endogenous and exogenous ligands. Ligands for the PPARs have been widely developed for the treatment of various diseases including dyslipidemias and diabetes. While targeting selective receptor activation is an established therapeutic approach for the treatment of various diseases, a variety of toxicities are known to occur in response to ligand administration. Whether PPAR ligands produce toxicity via a receptor-dependent and/or off-target-mediated mechanism(s) is not always known. Extrapolation of data derived from animal models and/or in vitro models, to humans, is also questionable. The different toxicities and mechanisms associated with administration of ligands for the three PPARs will be discussed, and important data gaps that could increase our current understanding of how PPAR ligands lead to toxicity will be highlighted.
Growth Hormone Neurosecretory Dysfunction (1984)

Pulsatile growth hormone (GH) secretion was assessed in a subgroup of short children to determine whether they had GH secretory abnormalities, and these results were compared with those of normal and GH-deficient children. This subgroup of children was defined as having GH neurosecretory dysfunction and met the following criteria: height, less than first percentile; growth velocity, 4 cm/yr or less; bone age, two or more years behind chronological age, normal findings from provocative GH tests (peak, ≥10 ng/mL), low somatomedin-C level, and abnormal 24-hour GH secretory patterns. When compared with controls, both children with GH neurosecretory dysfunction and GH-deficient patients had a significant decrease in parameters relating to the total GH secretion during the 24-hour period. As with GH-deficient children, the group with GH neurosecretory dysfunction more than doubled their growth velocity after replacement therapy with exogenous human GH during the first year of treatment. As a result of these detailed studies on pulsatile GH secretion, we suggest that there is a spectrum of GH secretory abnormalities from absolute deficiency to an intermittent irregularity in GH secretion. (<i>JAMA</i>1984;251:2223-2230)
Factor analysis as a complement to band resolution techniques. I. The method and its application to self-association of acetic acid (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFactor analysis as a complement to band resolution techniques. I. The method and its application to self-association of acetic acidJ. T. Bulmer and H. F. ShurvellCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1973, 77, 2, 256–262Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100621a024https://doi.org/10.1021/j100621a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views159Altmetric-Citations69LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Fluorescent paints and pigments (1996)

Summarizes the definitions of colour, fluorescence, daylight fluorescence and daylight fluorescent pigments. Provides the starting formulation for the most common applications of daylight fluorescent paint along with advice, recommendations and sources of supply.
Several Commercially Available Anti-CCR5 Monoclonal Antibodies Lack Specificity and Should Be Used with Caution (2012)

CCR5 (CD195) is a receptor for the chemokines RANTES, MIP-1α, and MIP-1β and is used by HIV-1 as a co-receptor for entry into macrophages and CD4+ T cells. CCR5 exists in multiple conformations in the membrane and is present at low levels on human macrophages, making it difficult to detect. Nine commercially available anti-CCR5 monoclonal antibodies were evaluated for their specificity and their recognition of CCR5 expressed by macrophages. Unexpectedly, we found that three of the nine clones tested displayed substantial background binding to CCR5 negative cells, suggesting that these antibodies may give unreliable results. We recommend the use of clones CTC8, 45531 (PE conjugated), and 45523 and advise that data obtained using CTC5, 45531 (unconjugated), and 45549 anti-CCR5 antibody clones should be interpreted with care.
A total system approach to sustainable pest management (1997)

A fundamental shift to a total system approach for crop protection is urgently needed to resolve escalating economic and environmental consequences of combating agricultural pests. Pest management strategies have long been dominated by quests for "silver bullet" products to control pest outbreaks. However, managing undesired variables in ecosystems is similar to that for other systems, including the human body and social orders. Experience in these fields substantiates the fact that therapeutic interventions into any system are effective only for short term relief because these externalities are soon "neutralized" by countermoves within the system. Long term resolutions can be achieved only by restructuring and managing these systems in ways that maximize the array of "built-in" preventive strengths, with therapeutic tactics serving strictly as backups to these natural regulators. To date, we have failed to incorporate this basic principle into the mainstream of pest management science and continue to regress into a foot race with nature. In this report, we establish why a total system approach is essential as the guiding premise of pest management and provide arguments as to how earlier attempts for change and current mainstream initiatives generally fail to follow this principle. We then draw on emerging knowledge about multitrophic level interactions and other specific findings about management of ecosystems to propose a pivotal redirection of pest management strategies that would honor this principle and, thus, be sustainable. Finally, we discuss the potential immense benefits of such a central shift in pest management philosophy.