gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hierarchical rank-based veiling light estimation for underwater dehazing (2015)

Current dehazing approaches are often hindered when scenes contain bright objects which can cause veiling light and transmission estimation methods to fail. This paper introduces a single image dehazing approach for underwater images with novel veiling light and transmission estimation steps which deal with issues arising from bright objects. We use features to hierarchically rank regions of an image and to select the most likely veiling light candidate. A region-based approach is used to find optimal transmission values for areas that suffer from oversaturation. We also locate background regions through superpixel segmentation and clustering, and adapt the transmission values in these regions so to avoid artefacts. We validate the performance of our approach in comparison to the state of the art in underwater dehazing through subjective evaluation and with commonly used quantitative measures.
Characterization of swine leucocyte antigen alleles in a crossbred pig to be used in xenotransplant studies (2014)

We have characterized swine leucocyte antigen (SLA) classes I and II molecules of a domestic pig as a model for use in our xenotransplant program. Molecular characterization of the SLA classes I and II genes is critical to understanding the adaptive immune responses between swine and humans in the event of xenotransplantation. Seven swine leucocyte antigen genes (SLA-1, SLA-2, SLA-3, DQB1, DRB1, DQA and DRA) were analyzed and 15 alleles were identified. A novel DRA*w04re01 is reported for this limited polymorphic class II gene. The heterozygous haplotypes, Hp-32.0/35.0 and Hp-0.13/0.23 were deduced for our IU-pig model, for SLA classes I and II regions, respectively.
Gastric Infarction Associated with Septic Shock and High-dose Vasopressor Use (2003)

Gastric infarction is rare, owing to the extensive collateral circulation of the stomach. A case of gastric infarction occurring in a patient with septic shock secondary to pneumonia is presented. The aetiology, diagnosis and therapy of gastric infarction are discussed, with consideration of the role of sepsis and vasopressors in pathogenesis and the concept of splanchnic resuscitation in prevention of the condition.
Area-Efficient Near-Associative Memories on FPGAs (2015)

Associative memories can map sparsely used keys to values with low latency but can incur heavy area overheads. The lack of customized hardware for associative memories in today’s mainstream FPGAs exacerbates the overhead cost of building these memories using the fixed address match BRAMs. In this article, we develop a new, FPGA-friendly, memory system architecture based on a multiple hash scheme that is able to achieve near-associative performance without the area-delay overheads of a fully associative memory on FPGAs. At the same time, we develop a novel memory management algorithm that allows us to statistically mimic an associative memory. Using the proposed architecture as a 64KB L1 data cache, we show that it is able to achieve near-associative miss rates while consuming 3--13 × fewer FPGA memory resources for a set of benchmark programs from the SPEC CPU2006 suite than fully associative memories generated by the Xilinx Coregen tool. Benefits for our architecture increase with key width, allowing area reduction up to 100 ×. Mapping delay is also reduced to 3.7ns for a 1,024-entry flat version or 6.1ns for an area-efficient version compared to 17.6ns for a fully associative memory for a 64-bit key on a Xilinx Virtex 6 device.
Ion mobility spectrometry of aliphatic and aromatic amines (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIon mobility spectrometry of aliphatic and aromatic aminesZeev. KarpasCite this: Anal. Chem. 1989, 61, 7, 684–689Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00182a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00182a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views623Altmetric-Citations101LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Mechanism of Vascular Smooth Muscle Relaxation by Estrogen in Depolarized Rat and Mouse Aorta (1997)

17 beta-Estradiol induces vasodilation in vitro and in vivo, which has been suggested to contribute to the cardiovascular protection by this ovarian steroid hormone. However, the exact mechanism of vasorelaxation by estrogens remains to be elucidated. In this study, we analyzed the potential role of genomic mechanisms involving the nuclear estrogen receptor and inhibition of entry of extracellular Ca2+ in 17 beta-estradiol-induced vasorelaxation in depolarized aortic rings, isolated from male and female rats and male mice. In both male and female rat aortic rings without endothelium and in intact male mouse aortic rings treated with NG-nitro-L-arginine, 17 beta-estradiol caused dose-dependent (0.3 to 30 mumol/L) relaxation of contraction evoked by high-K+ depolarization (30 and 45 mmol/L KCl, respectively). The estrogen receptor antagonist ICI 164384 had no effect on 17 beta-estradiol-induced relaxations. 125I-17 beta-estradiol binding studies showed the presence of high-affinity cytosolic-nuclear estrogen receptors in control male mouse aortas. Comparable relaxations of aortic rings isolated from control and estrogen receptor-deficient transgenic mice provided direct evidence that the nuclear estrogen receptor is not involved in this response. 17 beta-Estradiol-induced relaxation of rat aortic rings could not be prevented by cycloheximide or actinomycin D, suggesting that the response was not mediated by de novo protein synthesis or gene transcription. In rat aortic rings, 17 beta-estradiol inhibited the increase of 45Ca uptake by 30 mmol/L KCl at concentrations (10 and 30 mumol/L) that caused vasorelaxation in the same tissue, suggesting that inhibition of Ca2+ entry contributes to the response. 17 alpha-Estradiol was less effective, and estrone was devoid of vasorelaxing activity. Vasorelaxation by estrogens in female and male rat aortas was similar, indicating no gender difference in vascular responses under these conditions.
Characterization of a human fetal spinal cord stem cell line, NSI-566RSC, and its induction to functional motoneurons (2009)

Specific neuronal subtypes, especially motoneurons (MNs), derived from human stem cells provide a significant therapeutic potential for spinal cord diseases, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and spinal cord injury. So far, in vitro, MNs have only been successfully induced from embryonic stem cells (hESC) and human fetal cortical progenitors. Although neural progenitors from spinal cord would be a likely source for generating MNs, there has been no study reporting successful in vitro differentiation of MNs from spinal cord progenitors. This study first characterized a polyclonal spinal cord stem cell line isolated from an 8 week-old fetus. Then a paradigm was introduced to successfully induce MNs from this cell line, which was demonstrated by immunostaining using the MN markers HB9, Islet1 and choline acetyl transferase (ChAT). The combination of HB9 and ChAT immunostainings indicated that approximately 20% of the cells were MNs after this induction protocol. The presence of other cell types in the differentiated culture was also analysed. Finally, the electrophysiological properties of these differentiated MNs were characterized to confirm their functional integrity. The majority of these MNs fired repetitive action potentials (APs), which is an indicator of functional maturation. The recordings of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) confirmed the formation of synapses onto these MNs. This study reports the first successful differentiation of MNs from human spinal cord stem cells in vitro, providing a novel approach for obtaining functional MNs when designing the therapeutic strategy for spinal cord diseases or injuries.
MicroRNA expression profile in endometriosis: its relation to angiogenesis and fibrinolytic factors (2014)

This work was supported by research grants from ISCIII-FEDER (PI11/0091, Red RIC RD12/0042/0029), Consellería de Educación-Generalitat Valenciana (PROMETEO/2011/027), Beca de Investigación Fundación Dexeus para la Salud de la Mujer (2011/0469), and by Fundación Investigación Hospital La Fe (2011/211). A.B-B. has a Contrato Posdoctoral de Perfeccionamiento Sara Borrell-ISCIII (CD13/00005). J.M-A. has a predoctoral grant PFIS-ISCIII (FI12/00012). The authors have no conﬂicts of interest to declare.
Effects of an Anti-TSLP Antibody on Allergen-Induced Asthmatic Responses (2014)

Treatment with AMG 157 reduced allergen-induced bronchoconstriction and indexes of airway inflammation before and after allergen challenge. These findings are consistent with a key role for TSLP in allergen-induced airway responses and persistent airway inflammation in patients with allergic asthma. Whether anti-TSLP therapeutics will have clinical value cannot be determined from these data. (Funded by Amgen; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01405963.).
Mechanically Linked Polyrotaxanes:  A Stepwise Approach (2003)

A new synthetic approach for the preparation of mechanically linked polyrotaxanes was developed. Two variations of rotaxane monomers were synthesized, based on diphenylmethane and tetraphenylmethane blocking groups. Both rotaxanes bear a protected phenol functionality in the dumbbell-shaped part and a protected carboxylic acid functionality in the cyclic component. Via a “stepwise” polymerization, a rotaxane dimer and a rotaxane tetramer have been obtained. The procedure involves selective deprotection of the two functional groups in separate batches and a subsequent coupling reaction of the produced monofunctional/monoprotected monomers so that a dimer is formed. Longer and monodisperse oligomers can easily be obtained by repetition of this procedure. In addition, deprotection of both functionalities in the dimer and subsequent esterification resulted in the formation of a polymer with a molecular weight of ca. 400 000. The molecules obtained were isolated and characterized by 1H NMR and mass spectrometry.
Role of endocrine, autocrine, and paracrine interactions in the development of mammary hyperplasia in Wnt-1 transgenic mice. (1992)

The Wnt-1 proto-oncogene is transcriptionally activated by mouse mammary tumor virus in mouse mammary tumor virus-induced tumors. Previous studies using transgenic mice showed that Wnt-1 expression in mammary gland causes alveolar hyperplasias which resemble mammary glands of pregnant mice. To understand the role of mammogenic hormones in the genesis of these hyperplasias, we examined the development of these glands before puberty in young transgenic mice and the effects of ovariectomy and adrenalectomy on the growth and morphology of Wnt-1 mammary hyperplasia. Mammary glands of Wnt-1 transgenic females showed hyperplastic morphology as early as 1 week after birth. The normal structure of the uterus of the adult Wnt-1 virgin mouse indicated that the circulating levels of ovarian hormones were not elevated. Ovariectomy and adrenalectomy had no obvious effect on the morphology of these mammary hyperplasias. To assess possible paracrine stimulation of mammary epithelial cells (MEC) by stromal cells, we transplanted MEC from normal BALB/c mice into gland-free fat pads of Wnt-1 transgenic mice and found that normal MEC maintained their normal ductal structure in Wnt-1 fat pads without alveolar development. Further, we did not detect Wnt-1 mRNA expression in the gland-free fat pads of these transgenic mice. When Wnt-1 MEC were transplanted into the fat pads of nude mice and allowed to grow towards existing normal MEC, the morphology of the existing normal MEC remained normal. We concluded that the development of mammary hyperplasia in Wnt-1 transgenic mice is solely dependent on Wnt-1 expression in MEC. We speculate that Wnt-1 may be a growth factor for mammary gland that only acts locally on the cells that produce it.
Nonmetric Lens Distortion Calibration: Closed-form Solutions, Robust Estimation and Model Selection (2003)

This paper addresses the problem of calibrating camera lens distortion, which can be signi£cant in medium to wide angle lenses. While almost all existing nonmetric distortion calibration methods need user involvement in one form or another, we present an automatic approach based on the robust the-least-median-of-squares (LMedS) estimator. Our approach is thus less sensitive to erroneous input data such as image curves that are mistakenly considered as projections of 3D linear segments. Our approach uniquely uses fast, closed-form solutions to the distortion coef£cients, which serve as an initial point for a non-linear optimization algorithm to straighten imaged lines. Moreover we propose a method for distortion model selection based on geometrical inference. Successful experiments to evaluate the performance of this approach on synthetic and real data are reported. 1.
Silylene- and disilyleneacetylene polymers from trichloroethylene (2023)

Organosilane polymers having recurring silyleneacetylene and/or disilyleneacetylene units are prepared in a one-pot synthesis from trichloroethylene. Depending on the organic substituents (R and R'), these polymers have useful film-forming properties, and are converted to the ceramic, silicon carbide upon heating in very uniform high yields. They can also be pulled into fibers.
Integrated Tyramide and Polymerization-Assisted Signal Amplification for a Highly-Sensitive Immunoassay (2012)

A novel strategy for ultrasensitive detection of model protein based on the integration of tyramide signal amplification (TSA) and polymerization-assisted signal amplification was proposed. The surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) was triggered by the initiator-coupled protein immobilized on the electrode surface through sandwiched immunoreactions. Growth of long chain polymeric materials provided numerous epoxy groups for subsequent coupling of horseradish peroxidase (HRP), which in turn significantly increased the loading of quantum dots (QDs) labeled tyramide in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. As a result, electrochemiluminescence (ECL) and square-wave voltammetric (SWV) measurements showed 9.4- and 10.5-fold increase in detection signal in comparison with the unamplified method, respectively. To demonstrate the feasibility of this approach, human immunoglobulin G antigen (IgG) as a model target protein was employed and the detection limits were 0.73 and 0.09 pg mL(-1) for ECL and SWV, respectively. The results showed that sensitivity of the presented immunoassay significantly increased by one-order of magnitude and offered great application promises in providing a sensitive, specific, and potent method for biological detection.
The origins of two-state spontaneous membrane potential fluctuations of neostriatal spiny neurons (1996)

In vivo intracellular recordings of spontaneous activity of neostriatal spiny cells revealed two-state behavior, i.e., characteristic shifts of membrane potential between two preferred levels. The more polarized level, called the Down state, varied among neurons from -61 to -94 mV. The more depolarized level, called the Up state, varied among neurons form -71 to -40 mV. For any one neuron, the membrane potential in the Up and Down states was constant over the period of observation (from 15 min to 4 hr), and the cells spent little time in transition between states. The level of membrane potential noise was higher in the Up state than in the Down state. Spontaneous membrane potential fluctuations were not abolished by experimental alteration of the membrane potential, but the time spent in each state was altered when intracellular current was used to vary the baseline membrane potential. Neither the sodium nor the calcium action potential that could be evoked by depolarization of spiny neurons was required for the occurrence of spontaneous shifts of membrane potential. Blockade of these action potentials using intracellular injection of QX314 and D890, respectively, altered neither the incidence of the membrane potential shifts nor the preferred membrane potential in either state. In contrast, antagonism of voltage-dependent potassium channels with intracellular cesium altered membrane potential shifts. In the presence of QX314 and D890, intracellular injection of cesium caused little or no change in the Down state and a large depolarizing shift in the Up state (to about -20 mV). Under these circumstances, the neuron responded to current in a nearly linear manner, and membrane conductance was found to be increased in the Up state, attributable to a membrane conductance with the same reversal potential as that of the synaptic potential evoked by cortical stimulation. These results indicate that the event underlying the Up state is a maintained barrage of synaptic excitation, but that the membrane potential achieved during the Up state in neostriatal spiny neurons is determined by dendritic potassium channels that clamp the membrane potential at a level determined by their voltage sensitivity. Neostriatal spiny neurons ordinarily receive enormously powerful excitation, which would drive the cells to saturation, and probably destroy them, if it were not for these potassium currents.
Shape Evolution of Monolayer MoS2 Crystals Grown by Chemical Vapor Deposition (2014)

Atmospheric-pressure chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is used to grow monolayer MoS2 two-dimensional crystals at elevated temperatures on silicon substrates with a 300 nm oxide layer. Our CVD reaction is hydrogen free, with the sulfur precursor placed in a furnace separate from the MoO3 precursor to individually control their heating profiles and provide greater flexibility in the growth recipe. We intentionally establish a sharp gradient of MoO3 precursor concentration on the growth substrate to explore its sensitivity to the resultant MoS2 domain growth within a relatively uniform temperature range. We find that the shape of MoS2 domains is highly dependent upon the spatial location on the silicon substrate, with variation from triangular to hexagonal geometries. The shape change of domains is attributed to local changes in the Mo:S ratio of precursors (1:>2, 1:2, and 1:<2) and its influence on the kinetic growth dynamics of edges. These results improve our understanding of the factors that influence the growth of MoS2 domains and their shape evolution.
Safety and efficacy of docetaxel, estramustine phosphate and hydrocortisone in hormone‐refractory prostate cancer patients (2010)

Combination chemotherapy with DTX, EMP and hydrocortisone provides survival benefits for patients with HRPC with an acceptable toxicity profile. We need to further evaluate who might benefit most from this regimen.
Prevention of perioperative hypothermia with forced-air warming systems and upper-body blankets. (2006)

Forced-air warming is known as an effective procedure in prevention and treatment of perioperative hypothermia. Hypothermia is associated with disturbances of coagulation, raises postoperative oxygen consumption by shivering, increases cardiac morbidity, leads to a higher incidence of wound infection, and prolongs hospital stay. Additionally, preoperative local warming reduces the incidence of wound infection after clean surgery. In an animal experiment it has been demonstrated that even during large abdominal operations the major source of heat loss was the skin. Although evaporation accounted for the largest heat loss from the abdominal cavity, it was a minor source due to the smaller heat losing area. As a consequence, reduction of heat loss from the skin is the most promising approach to avoid hypothermia. During abdominal surgery and lower-limb surgery, the use of upper blankets is favourable. The use of upper-body blankets implies a reduction of heat loss in a relevant area and, furthermore, a heat gain. The covered area is approximately 0.35 m2, or approximately 15%-20% of body surface. The heat balance in this area can be changed by 46.1W to 55.0W by forced-air warming systems with upper body blankets. Depending on the surgical procedure and resulting fluid demand, forced-air warming with upper-body blankets-in combination with insulation and fluid warming-is an effective method to prevent perioperative hypothermia.
Role for the Phosphoprotein P Subunit of the Paramyxovirus Polymerase in Limiting Induction of Host Cell Antiviral Responses (2007)

Six amino acid substitutions in the shared N-terminal region of the P subunit of the viral polymerase and the accessory V protein convert the noncytopathic paramyxovirus simian virus 5 (SV5), which is a poor inducer of host cell responses, into a P/V mutant (P/V-CPI-) that induces high levels of apoptosis, interferon-beta (IFN-beta), and proinflammatory cytokines. In this study, we addressed the question of whether these new mutant phenotypes are due to the presence of an altered P protein or of an altered V protein or of both proteins. By the use of the P/V-CPI- mutant as a backbone, new mutant viruses were engineered to express the wild-type (WT) V protein (+V-wt) or WT P protein (+P-wt) from an additional gene inserted between the HN and L genes. In human epithelial cell lines, the +V-wt virus showed reduced activation of apoptosis and lower secretion of IFN-beta and proinflammatory cytokines compared to the parental P/V-CPI- virus. The presence of a V protein lacking the C-terminal cysteine-rich domain (corresponding to the SV5 I protein) did not reduce these host cell responses to P/V-CPI- infection. Unexpectedly, the +P-wt virus, which expressed a WT P subunit of the viral polymerase, also induced much lower levels of host cell responses than the parental P/V-CPI- mutant. For both +V-wt and +P-wt viruses, reduced levels of IFN-beta synthesis correlated with reduced IRF-3 dimerization and nuclear localization of IRF-3 and NF-kappaB, suggesting that the WT P and V proteins acted at an early stage in antiviral pathways. Host cell responses induced by the various P/V mutants directly correlated with levels of viral mRNA accumulation but not with steady-state levels of genomic RNA. Our results support the hypothesis that WT P and V proteins limit induction of antiviral responses by controlling the production of key viral inducers. A model is presented for the mechanism by which both the P subunit of the viral polymerase and the V accessory protein contribute to the ability of a paramyxovirus to limit activation of antiviral responses.
ChemInform Abstract: Torp—Ziegler Cyclization in the Synthesis of 3‐Amino‐4‐cyanopyrrole Derivatives. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.