gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Blood group antigens in differentiated thyroid neoplasms. (1998)

Alteration of cell-surface blood group antigens during malignant transformation is a well-known phenomenon that has not yet been sufficiently investigated in thyroid gland neoplasms. We evaluated 50 normal thyroid glands and 141 differentiated thyroid neoplasms (29 follicular adenomas, 30 follicular carcinomas, 56 papillary carcinomas, and 26 medullary carcinomas) both by the immunoperoxidase technique, using monoclonal antibodies against blood group antigens (A, B, H, Le(a), Le(b), Le(x), and Le(y)) and precursor substances (T, Tn, and sTn), and by affinity to the lectin from Arachis hypogea, to determine the usefulness of these antigens as tumor markers and prognostic factors. Neoplastic tissues showed immunostaining with concordant and nonconcordant expression of ABH antigens. There were statistically significant differences between normal and neoplastic tissues but not among the different neoplasms. Statistically significant differences in Lewis antigen expression were noted between normal and neoplastic tissues and between benign and malignant tumors. Tn and sTn antigen expression showed statistically significant differences between normal and neoplastic tissues. In conclusion, blood group antigens are tumor markers that are expressed more frequently in malignant than in benign neoplasms. The presence of metastases was correlated with enhanced peanut lectin receptors and a loss of A or B antigens.
The Thyroid Hormone Degrading Type 3 Deiodinase Is the Primary Deiodinase Active in Murine Epidermis (2011)

We hypothesize that keratinocytes express Dio3 in vivo to maintain cutaneous health and prevent the skin from becoming hyperproliferative. Our data support the developing recognition that the primary role of thyroid hormone deiodinases in some tissues may be the degradation of thyroid hormone to protect the tissue against thyrotoxicosis.
Reflex activation of gluteal muscles in walking. An approach to restoration of muscle function for patients with low-back pain. (1993)

Gluteal activation and pelvic stability often are decreased in chronic low-back pain sufferers, but the importance of motor control and programming in treatment has not been fully evaluated. This study investigated whether gluteal muscles could be activated more effectively by stimulating the proprioceptive mechanism during walking. Labile support, through wearing "balance shoes," offered facilitation of cerebellovestibular circuits. Electromyographic recordings of gluteus maximus and medius in 15 healthy subjects were made during barefoot and balance shoes walking before and after 1 week of facilitation. Significant increases (P < 0.0002) in gluteal activity and significant decreases (P < 0.01) in time to 75% maximum contraction, demonstrated the value of sensorimotor elicitation of subconscious and automatic responses in muscles often weakened in back pain sufferers.
Neisseria meningitidisLipopolysaccharide Modulates the Specific Humoral Immune Response to Neisserial Porins but Has No Effect on Porin-Induced Upregulation of Costimulatory Ligand B7-2 (2001)

The role of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the specific humoral response to meningococcal porins was investigated by measuring anti-PorA or -PorB antibody levels in mice immunized with wild-type meningococcal strain H44/76 or with its recently described LPS-negative mutant. Two murine strains were used for these immunizations: C3H/HeJ, which is LPS hyporesponsive, or C3H/HeOuJ, which is LPS responsive. A high level of anti-PorB immunoglobulin G (IgG) response was induced in both strains of mice immunized with either organism. The response induced by the wild-type strain was greater in C3H/HeOuJ mice than in C3H/HeJ mice, while the response induced by the LPS-negative mutant was similar in the two murine strains. Additionally, the anti-PorB response was similar in C3H/HeJ mice immunized with either bacterial strain. In general, the anti-PorA IgG response was lower than the anti-PorB response. These findings indicate that the presence of LPS is not essential for the induction of an antineisserial porin humoral response but can augment such a response. To determine whether LPS has any effect on the B-cell-stimulatory effect of neisserial porins (essential for the adjuvant activity of neisserial porins), B cells from both murine strains were incubated with outer membrane complexes (OMCs) prepared from strain H44/76 and its LPS-negative mutant. OMCs from either meningococcal strain were able to increase the surface expression of the costimulatory ligand B7-2 on B cells from either murine strain. Consistent with previously reported findings, LPS does not significantly affect the ability of neisserial porins to induce the costimulatory ligand B7-2.
Apoptotic cell thrombospondin-1 and heparin-binding domain lead to dendritic-cell phagocytic and tolerizing states (2006)

Apoptotic cells were shown to induce dendritic cell immune tolerance. We applied a proteomic approach to identify molecules that are secreted from apoptotic monocytes, and thus may mediate engulfment and immune suppression. Supernatants of monocytes undergoing apoptosis were collected and compared using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), and differentially expressed proteins were identified using tandem mass spectrometry. Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) and its cleaved 26-kDa heparin-binding domain (HBD) were identified. We show that TSP-1 is expressed upon induction of monocyte apoptosis in a caspase-dependent pattern and the HBD is cleaved by chymotrypsin-like serine protease. We further show that CD29, CD36, CD47, CD51, and CD91 simultaneously participate in engulfment induction and generation of an immature dendritic cell (iDC) tolerogenic and phagocytic state. We conclude that apoptotic cell TSP-1, and notably its HBD, creates a signalosome in iDCs to improve engulfment and to tolerate engulfed material prior to the interaction with apoptotic cells.
Performance of the Ocean Broadband Downhole Seismometer at Site 794 (1992)

The ocean broadband downhole seismometer (OBDS) was successfully emplaced in Hole 794D in the Japan Sea during ODP Leg 128, and OBDS data were obtained continuously aboard JOIDES Resolution during a 60-hr period of real-time observation. During the real-time observation, air-gun profiling was done around Hole 794D using nine ocean-bottom seismometers (OBSs). The OBDS successfully observed air-gun signals from the seismic profiles, five local earthquakes, and an earthquake in Burma (mb 5.4). Signal-to-noise ratios of air-gun signals and local earthquakes observed by the OBDS are higher by over 20 dB than those observed by OBS. The epicentral distance of Burma earthquake was 38.99° to the OBDS. The OBDS could record P, S, and some surface waves from this teleseismic event with good signal-to-noise ratio for both the vertical and horizontal components. Broadband seismic noise spectra (5 m-30 Hz) in the ocean region were revealed for the first time by the OBDS observation. The noise level falls between the two levels of noisy and quiet conditions on land above 10 s. The noise level increases toward longer period. Signals from earthquakes larger than ms = 6 at 30° distance would rise above noise at an 100-s period. Following the real-time observation, an OBDS seafloor recorder was installed and operated for 30 days in event detection mode and time window mode. There was no triggered event. Very long-period data of 1-hr sampling showed only gradual variations without abrupt steplike changes. This indicates that the clamping we used for the OBDS sensors in the hole was sufficiently stable for such a long-term broadband observation. The results obtained in this paper strongly suggest that a broadband downhole seismometer performs well and is dispensable for constructing broadband digital seismograph networks on the ocean floor.
Single-Nucleotide-Specific PNA−Peptide Ligation on Synthetic and PCR DNA Templates (2004)

DNA-directed chemical synthesis has matured into a useful tool with applications such as fabrication of defined (nano)molecular architectures, evolution of amplifiable small-molecule libraries, and nucleic acid detection. Most commonly, chemical methods were used to join oligonucleotides under the control of a DNA or RNA template. The full potential of chemical ligation reactions can be uncovered when nonnatural oligonucleotide analogues that can provide new opportunities such as increased stability, DNA affinity, hybridization selectivity, and/or ease and accuracy of detection are employed. It is shown that peptide nucleic acid (PNA) conjugates, nonionic biostable DNA analogues, allowed the fashioning of highly chemoselective and sequence-selective peptide ligation methods. In particular, PNA-mediated native chemical ligations proceed with sequence selectivities and ligation rates that reach those of ligase-catalyzed oligodeoxynucleotide reactions. Usually, sequence-specific ligations can only be achieved by employing short-length probes, which show DNA affinities that are too low to allow stable binding to target segments in large, double-stranded DNA. It is demonstrated that the PNA-based ligation chemistry allowed the development of a homogeneous system in which rapid single-base mutation analyses can be performed even on double-stranded PCR DNA templates.
Learning to Translate in Real-time with Neural Machine Translation (2017)

Translating in real-time, a.k.a. simultaneous translation, outputs translation words before the input sentence ends, which is a challenging problem for conventional machine translation methods. We propose a neural machine translation (NMT) framework for simultaneous translation in which an agent learns to make decisions on when to translate from the interaction with a pre-trained NMT environment. To trade off quality and delay, we extensively explore various targets for delay and design a method for beam-search applicable in the simultaneous MT setting. Experiments against state-of-the-art baselines on two language pairs demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed framework both quantitatively and qualitatively. 1
In situ PCR for visualization of microscale distribution of specific genes and gene products in prokaryotic communities (1995)

Obtaining information on the genetic capabilities and phylogenetic affinities of individual prokaryotic cells within natural communities is a high priority in the fields of microbial ecology, microbial biogeochemistry, and applied microbiology, among others. A method for prokaryotic in situ PCR (PI-PCR), a technique which will allow single cells within complex mixtures to be identified and characterized genetically, is presented here. The method involves amplification of specific nuclei acid sequences inside intact prokaryotic cells followed by color or fluorescence detection of the localized PCR product via bright-field or epifluorescence microscopy. Prokaryotic DNA and mRNA were both used successfully as targets for PI-PCR. We demonstrate the use of PI-PCR to identify nahA-positive cells in mixtures of bacterial isolates and in model marine bacterial communities.
Novel efficient total synthesis of antiviral antibiotic distamycin A (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNovel efficient total synthesis of antiviral antibiotic distamycin ALeif Grehn and Ulf RagnarssonCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1981, 46, 17, 3492–3497Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00330a022https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00330a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views445Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Abnormal cerebral metabolism in polydrug abusers during early withdrawal: A 31P MR spectroscopy study (1996)

Phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P MRS) at 1.5 T was performed on nine polysubstance abusing men. All nine patients met DSM-III-R criteria for concurrent cocaine and heroin dependence, were neurologically normal, were negative for the human immunodeficiency virus, and had normal clinical brain MRI scans. Patients were scanned 2-7 days after admission to a drug treatment unit. Eleven age-matched control subjects also were studied. The ISIS localized phosphorus spectra were obtained from a 5-cm thick axial brain slice and a 100-cc white matter volume. In the brain slice, the phosphorus metabolite signal expressed as a percentage of total phosphorus signal was 15% higher for phosphomonoesters, 10% lower for nucleotide triphosphates (beta-NTP), and 7% lower for total nucleotide phosphates in polydrug abusers compared with those in controls. Phosphodiesters, inorganic phosphate, phosphocreatine, total phosphorus, pH, and free magnesium concentration were unchanged. None of these parameters correlated with the methadone dose or the number of days abstinence. Single photon emission computed tomographic imaging of a subgroup of the patients revealed abnormal cerebral perfusion in 80% of the patients scanned. These data suggest that cerebral high energy phosphate and phospholipid metabolite changes result from long term drug abuse and/or withdrawal and that these changes can be detected and studied by 31P MRS.
Increased CD8+ Cytotoxic T Cell Responses to Myelin Basic Protein in Multiple Sclerosis (2004)

Autoreactive T cells of CD4 and CD8 subsets recognizing myelin basic protein (MBP), a candidate myelin autoantigen, are thought to contribute to and play distinct roles in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). In this study we identified four MBP-derived peptides that had high binding affinity to HLA-A2 and HLA-A24 and characterized the CD8(+) T cell responses and their functional properties in patients with MS. There were significantly increased CD8(+) T cell responses to 9-mer MBP peptides, in particular MBP(111-119) and MBP(87-95) peptides that had high binding affinity to HLA-A2, in patients with MS compared with healthy individuals. The resulting CD8(+) T cell lines were of the Th1 phenotype, producing TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma and belonged to a CD45RA(-)/CD45RO(+) memory T cell subset. Further characterization indicated that the CD8(+) T cell lines obtained were stained with MHC class I tetramer (HLA-A2/MBP(111-119)) and exhibited specific cytotoxicity toward autologous target cells pulsed with MBP-derived peptides in the context of MHC class I molecules. These cytotoxic CD8(+) T cell lines derived from MS patients recognized endogenously processed MBP and lysed COS cells transfected with genes encoding MBP and HLA-A2. These findings support the potential role of CD8(+) CTLs recognizing MBP in the injury of oligodendrocytes expressing both MHC class I molecules and MBP.
Synthesis of Novel Octahydro-1,5-imino-3-benzazocin-4,7,10-trione Derivatives Having a Methyl Group at the C-2 Position as ABC Ring Models of Saframycins. (1997)

(Z)-3-(2, 4, 5-Trimethoxy-3-methylbenzylidene)-1, 6-dimethylpiperazine-2, 5-dione (7a) was prepared by a simple regioselective C-monomethylation of (Z)-4-(4-methoxybenzyl)-3-(2, 4, 5-trimethoxy-3-methylbenzylidene)-1-methyl-piperazine-2, 5-dione (3) followed by deprotection. Compound 7a was also prepared from (S)-1, 4-diacetyl-3-methylpiperazine-2, 5-dione (8) and the benzaldehyde derivative (9) in five steps as an optically active form. It was shown to be a useful intermediate for the preparation of novel octahydro-1, 5-imino-3-benzazocin-4, 7, 10-trione derivatives having a methyl group at the C-2 position, as ABC ring models of saframycins.
The Functional Neuroanatomy of the Placebo Effect (2002)

The common pattern of cortical glucose metabolism increases and limbic-paralimbic metabolism decreases in placebo and fluoxetine responders suggests that facilitation of these changes may be necessary for depression remission, regardless of treatment modality. Clinical improvement in the group receiving placebo as part of an inpatient study is consistent with the well-recognized effect that altering the therapeutic environment may significantly contribute to reducing clinical symptoms. The additional subcortical and limbic metabolism decreases seen uniquely in fluoxetine responders may convey additional advantage in maintaining long-term clinical response and in relapse prevention.
Phosphatidylserine exposure on the platelet plasma membrane during A23187-induced activation is independent of cytoskeleton reorganization. (1995)

Modifications in cytoskeleton organization (monitored by scanning electron microscopy study of platelet shape) and cytoskeleton proteolysis were investigated for their role in phosphatidylserine exposure (measured with spin-labeled analogues of phospholipids) during A23187-induced activation of human platelets. Resting platelets treated with combinations of calpeptin and cytoskeleton-disrupting agents (nocodazole or cytochalasin D) remained discoid, and there was no dense granule release, cytoskeleton proteolysis or vesicle shedding. Spin-labeled phosphatidylserine was fully and rapidly redistributed (t1/2 approximately 5 min) from the outer to the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane through ATP-dependent aminophospholipid translocase activity. In contrast, spin-labeled phosphatidylcholine was only partially and slowly redistributed (less than 20% within 60 min) to the inner leaflet. Filopod formation, vesicle shedding, and calpain-mediated proteolysis were inhibited during activation of platelets treated with calpeptin and cytoskeleton-disrupting agents. Moreover, regardless of whether platelets were treated or not, spin-labeled phosphatidylserine was rapidly (t1/2 < 1 min) and massively (50%) exposed on the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane, while the slow and slight spin-labeled phosphatidylcholine influx did not counterbalance spin-labeled phosphatidylserine outflux. These results demonstrated that phosphatidylserine exposure was not connected to the following activation-related processes: cytoskeleton modifications (actin and tubulin polymerization, submembrane skeleton proteolysis), inhibition of aminophospholipid translocase, and filopod formation. Moreover, the redistribution kinetics of spin-labeled phospholipids during activation strongly suggested the involvement of an aminophospholipid exposure mechanism that differs from a scrambling phenomenon.
Elevated plasma levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (92-kd type IV collagenase/gelatinase B) in hepatocellular carcinoma (1996)

The present data suggest that plasma MMP-9 levels can be a candidate for a novel marker for HCC. The levels appear to reflect its potential and ongoing activity of vascular invasion. A long-term follow-up of the patients will be necessary to determine whether increased plasma MMP-9 levels are predictive of more invasive and metastatic HCC.
Coumarin Derivatives for Medicinal Purposes. XVII (1963)

General pharmacological activities were examined with coumarin (A-1) and five kinds of coumarin derivatives, 4-methylcoumarin (A-3), 2-thiocoumarin (B-1), 6-aminocoumarin hydrochloride (E-2), 6-aminocoumarin coumarin-3-carboxylic acid salt (G-22), and 6-chlorocoumarin (J-2).Acute toxicity (LD50) by oral administration decreased in the order of G-22, A-1, J-2, E-2, B-1, and A-3, and the order of A-1 and J-2 was reveresed by subcutaneous injection.Of various central effects, antipyretic action was the strongest and some of them, notably A-3, B-1, E-2, and J-2, also showed hypnotic action but none of them showed any significant analgesic or antipmetic action.Majority of these compounds showed inhibitive action on the cardiovascularr system, as well as hypotensive and adrenolytic actions. G-22 had a comparatively strong hemolytic, anticoagulant, and erythrocytopenic actions.These compounds did not have any local anesthetic, mydriatic, spasmolytic, or antihistamine actions.
Improved histograms for selectivity estimation of range predicates (1996)

Many commercial database systems maintain histograms to summarize the contents of relations and permit efficient estimation of query result sizes and access plan costs. Although several types of histograms have been proposed in the past, there has never been a systematic study of all histogram aspects, the available choices for each aspect, and the impact of such choices on histogram effectiveness. In this paper, we provide a taxonomy of histograms that captures all previously proposed histogram types and indicates many new possibilities. We introduce novel choices for several of the taxonomy dimensions, and derive new histogram types by combining choices in effective ways. We also show how sampling techniques can be used to reduce the cost of histogram construction. Finally, we present results from an empirical study of the proposed histogram types used in selectivity estimation of range predicates and identify the histogram types that have the best overall performance.
Wireless meets multimedia - New products and services (2003)

Mobile person to person speech communication has turned out to be extremely popular with more than one billion users today. Currently, mobile networks are evolving to support multimedia communications. In coming years, access to various sources of multimedia will further enrich mobile communication. New mobile phones, with graphical color displays and integrated cameras, will provide a natural platform for a large set of multimedia applications. Open software architectures in these terminals are giving new possibilities to the developer community. Evolution of the mobile multimedia will create new challenges and opportunities for related research and development activities.
Effect of modification of plasma membrane fatty acid composition on fluidity and methotrexate transport in L1210 murine leukemia cells. (1979)

The Secretary of Theodore Roosevelt writes to Edward MacDougall and is sorry to say that Roosevelt is no longer involved with securing official positions. He notes that Roosevelt would feel obligated to do the same for the hundreds of other requests he receives.
An instrumentation system for post-mortem visualization of distributed applications (2002)

We describe our experience in implementing an instrumentation system for post-mortem ParaGraph visualization of PVM programs. The instrumentation system can be enabled without adding explicit startup code to the original program. Furthermore, processes can enroll into the instrumentation system at any point during the execution of the application, allowing for algorithms with arbitrary parallelism. We also provide additional facilities like user task labeling and an intelligent process graph layout interface to help the programmer relate performance data to the profiled distributed application.