gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ribosomal Protein S19 Interacts with Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor and Attenuates Its Pro-inflammatory Function (2009)

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pleiotropic cytokine that has been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory disorders such as infection, sepsis, and autoimmune disease. MIF exists preformed in cytoplasmic pools and exhibits an intrinsic tautomerase and oxidoreductase activity. MIF levels are elevated in the serum of animals and patients with infection or different inflammatory disorders. To elucidate how MIF actions are controlled, we searched for endogenous MIF-interacting proteins with the potential to interfere with key MIF functions. Using in vivo biotin-tagging and endogenous co-immunoprecipitation, the ribosomal protein S19 (RPS19) was identified as a novel MIF binding partner. Surface plasmon resonance and pulldown experiments with wild type and mutant MIF revealed a direct physical interaction of the two proteins (K(D) = 1.3 x 10(-6) m). As RPS19 is released in inflammatory lesions by apoptotic cells, we explored whether it affects MIF function and inhibits its binding to receptors CD74 and CXCR2. Low doses of RPS19 were found to strongly inhibit MIF-CD74 interaction. Furthermore, RPS19 significantly compromised CXCR2-dependent MIF-triggered adhesion of monocytes to endothelial cells under flow conditions. We, therefore, propose that RPS19 acts as an extracellular negative regulator of MIF.
Chloramphenicol causes fusion of separated nucleoids in Escherichia coli K-12 cells and filaments (1996)

Chloramphenicol is frequently used for better visualization of the Escherichia coli nucleoid. Here, we show that chloramphenicol causes not only rounding off of the nucleoid but also fusion of as many as four separated nucleoids. Nucleoid fusion occurred in fast-growing cells and in filaments obtained by dicF antisense RNA induction or in ftsZ84(Ts) and pbpB(Ts) mutants. Thus, treatment with chloramphenicol erroneously suggests that DNA segregation is inhibited.
Rapid, Sensitive Detection of Neurotransmitters at Microelectrodes Modified with Self-assembled SWCNT Forests (2012)

Carbon nanotube (CNT) modification of microelectrodes can result in increased sensitivity without compromising time response. However, dip coating CNTs is not very reproducible and the CNTs tend to lay flat on the electrode surface which limits access to the electroactive sites on the ends. In this study, aligned CNT forests were formed using a chemical self-assembly method, which resulted in more exposed CNT ends to the analyte. Shortened, carboxylic acid functionalized single-walled CNTs were assembled from a dimethylformamide (DMF) suspension onto a carbon-fiber disk microelectrode modified with a thin iron hydroxide-decorated Nafion film. The modified electrodes were highly sensitive, with 36-fold higher oxidation currents for dopamine using fast-scan cyclic voltammetry than bare electrodes and 34-fold more current than electrodes dipped in CNTs. The limit of detection (LOD) for dopamine was 17 ± 3 nM at a 10 Hz repetition rate and 65 ± 7 nM at 90 Hz. The LOD at 90 Hz was the same as a bare electrode at 10 Hz, allowing a 9-fold increase in temporal resolution without a decrease in sensitivity. Similar increases were observed for other cationic catecholamine neurotransmitters, and the increases in current were greater than for anionic interferents such as ascorbic acid and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC). The CNT forest electrodes had high sensitivity at 90 Hz repetition rate when stimulated dopamine release was measured in Drosophila . The sensitivity, temporal resolution, and spatial resolution of these CNT forest modified disk electrodes facilitate enhanced electrochemical measurements of neurotransmitter release in vivo.
Childhood Antecedents of Adult Obesity (1976)

We investigated whether obese infants tend to become obese adults. Records of subjects born between 1945 and 1955 were reviewed to select three cohorts based on weight in the first six months of age, which exceeded the 90th percentile at least once, ranged between 25th and 75th percentiles or was below 10th percentile at least once. Three hundred and sixty-six subjects, now between 20 and 30 years of age, were located and their present height and weight determined. Thirty-six per cent of those exceeding the 90th percentile as infants were overweight adults, as compared to 14 per cent of the average age and light-weight infants. A significant increase (chi square = 17.2, p less than 0.001) in adult obesity was evident when the infant exceeded the 75th percentile that was independent of his height. Social class, educational level, and parental weight all correlated with adult weight (p less than 0.001). Sex and ordinal position of birth did not. The data suggest that infant weight correlates strongly with adult weight independently of other factors considered.
Resistance of cell membranes to different detergents (2003)

Partial resistance of cell membranes to solubilization with mild detergents and the analysis of isolated detergent-resistant membranes (DRMs) have been used operationally to define membrane domains. Given the multitude of detergents used for this purpose, we sought to investigate whether extraction with different detergents might reflect the same underlying principle of domain formation. We therefore compared the protein and lipid content of DRMs prepared with a variety of detergents from two cell lines. We found that the detergents differ considerably in their ability to selectively solubilize membrane proteins and to enrich sphingolipids and cholesterol over glycerophospholipids as well as saturated over unsaturated phosphatidylcholine. In addition, we observed cell type-dependent variations of the molecular characteristics of DRMs and the effectiveness of particular detergents. These results make it unlikely that different detergents reflect the same aspects of membrane organization and underscore both the structural complexity of cell membranes and the need for more sophisticated analytical tools to understand their architecture.
[Atrial synchronous ventricular stimulation with reduced a.v. delay time as a therapeutic principle in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy]. (1984)

For the hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy with left-ventricular pressure gradient in rest a causal therapy is nowadays not yet known. Therefore, it should be tested, in what respect from former observations over reductions of the pressure gradient by an untimely foreign excitation of the ventricles from the apex of the right ventricle a therapy principle can be derived. For this purpose out of a group of 84 patients by left-right heart catheterization, coronarography, computer cardio-tomography and scintigraphy of the myocardium 23 test persons with typical hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy and a left-ventricular gradient in rest greater than or equal to 30 mm Hg were selected for the transitory electrostimulation. After placing of one electrode in the right atrium and another one in the right ventricle one after another a VOO-, VAT- and DOO-pacing were used. For the two last mentioned forms of stimulation as electronic atrio-ventricular retardation times 100, 40, 20, 10 and 5 ms were selected. With all three kinds of stimulation in 5 of the patients (group A) reductions of gradients greater than or equal to 51% and in 12 cases of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (group B) diminishments between 30 and 50% could be obtained. Only in 6 patients (group C) reductions of less than or equal to 29% were registered. The optimum of prematurity necessary for obtaining maximum pressure reductions is individually different, but is almost in every case between 5 and 20 ms. Further seven parameters measured during the stimulation phases showed that these reductions are not caused by a decrease of the stroke volume, but by an enlargement of the effective opening of the outlet. Apparently, in a part of the patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy by the foreign excitation from the apex of the ventricle a temporary and spatial course of excitation can be induced, by means of which the degree of functional stenosing is decreased. Since for several patients the removal of the disturbance of the systolic function is to be regarded as therapeutically reasonable partial success, the transitory diagnostic pacing is recommended for all patients with typical hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy and a gradient in rest greater than or equal to 30 mm Hg. The indications and technical prerequisites for a permanent electrostimulation with suitable systems are represented.
The mercury-sensitive residue at cysteine 189 in the CHIP28 water channel. (1993)

Water channels provide the plasma membranes of red cells and renal proximal tubules with high permeability to water, thereby permitting water to move in the direction of an osmotic gradient. Molecular identification of CHIP28 protein as the membrane water channel was first accomplished by measurement of osmotic swelling of Xenopus oocytes injected with CHIP28 RNA (Preston, G.M., Carroll, T.P., Guggino, W.B., and Agre, P. (1992) Science 256, 385-387). Since water channels are pharmacologically inhibited by submillimolar concentrations of Hg2+, site-directed mutagenesis was undertaken to demonstrate which of the 4 cysteines (87, 102, 152, or 189) is the Hg(2+)-sensitive residue in the CHIP28 molecule. Each cysteine was individually replaced by serine, and oocytes expressing each of the four mutants exhibited osmotic water permeability (Pf) equivalent to wild-type CHIP28. After incubation in HgCl2, all were significantly inhibited, except C189S exists as a multisubunit complex in the native membrane; however, although oocytes injected with mixed CHIP28 and C189S RNAs exhibited Pf corresponding to the sum of their individual activities, exposure to Hg2+ only reduced the Pf to the level of the C189S mutant. Of the six substitutions at residue 189, only the serine and alanine mutants exhibited increased Pf and had glycosylation patterns resembling wild-type CHIP28 on immunoblots. These studies demonstrated: (i) CHIP28 water channel activity is retained despite substitution of individual cysteines with serine; (ii) cysteine 189 is the Hg(2+)-sensitive residue; (iii) the subunits of the CHIP28 complex are individually active water pores; (iv) residue 189 is critical to proper processing of the CHIP28 protein.
Immunotoxins containing ricin or its A chain. (1991)

In this chapter we describe the development of first generation immunotoxins containing ricin and its A chain. The roles of the ligand, linker and toxin in generating highly specific in vivo reagents are discussed. The problems associated with first generation immunotoxins in the clinic, and the subsequent development and performance of second generation reagents are described. Finally, future directions for the successful application of these reagents to the therapy of cancer, autoimmunity, transplantation, and infectious diseases are outlined.
In vivo antitumor activity of ONYX-015 is influenced by p53 status and is augmented by radiotherapy. (2000)

The E1B-deleted, replication-competent ONYX-015 (dl1520) adenovirus was originally described as being able to selectively kill p53-deficient cells due to a requirement of p53 inactivation for efficient viral replication. This hypothesis has become controversial because subsequent in vitro studies have demonstrated that the host range specificity of ONYX-015 is independent of p53 gene status. Using a pair of isogenic cell lines that differ only in their p53 status, we demonstrate here that although ONYX-015 can replicate in both p53 wild-type and mutant cells in vitro, the virus demonstrates significantly greater antitumor activity against mutant p53 tumors in vivo. Moreover, ONYX-015 viral therapy can be combined with radiation to improve tumor control beyond that of either monotherapy. The results demonstrate that ONYX-015 can discern in vivo between tumors having a different p53 status and that it may be an effective neoadjuvant to radiation therapy.
Designer Protein-Based Performance Materials (2006)

Repeat sequence protein polymer (RSPP) technology provides a platform to design and make protein-based performance polymers and represents the best nature has to offer. We report here that the RSPP platform is a novel approach to produce functional protein polymers that have both biomechanical and biofunctional blocks built into one molecule by design, using peptide motifs. We have shown that protein-based designer biopolymers can be made using recombinant DNA technology and fermentation and offer the ability to screen for desired properties utilizing the tremendous potential diversity of amino acid combinations. The technology also allows for large-scale manufacturing with a favorable fermentative cost-structure to deliver commercially viable performance polymers. Using three diverse examples with antimicrobial, textile targeting, and UV-protective agent, we have introduced functional attributes into structural protein polymers and shown, for example, that the functionalized RSPPs have possible applications in biodefense, industrial biotechnology, and personal care areas. This new class of biobased materials will simulate natural biomaterials that can be modified for desired function and have many advantages over conventional petroleum-based polymers.
Down-regulation of Insulin Signaling by Protein-tyrosine Phosphatase 1B Is Mediated by an N-terminal Binding Region (2000)

Protein-tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) play a major role in regulating insulin signaling. Among the PTPs that regulate this signaling pathway, PTP1B plays an especially prominent role. PTP1B inhibits insulin signaling and has previously been shown to bind to the activated insulin receptor (IR), but neither the mechanism nor the physiological importance of such binding have been established. Here, we show that a previously undefined region in the N-terminal, catalytic half of PTP1B contributes to IR binding. Point mutations within this region of PTP1B disrupt IR binding but do not affect the catalytic activity of this phosphatase. This binding-defective mutant of PTP1B does not efficiently dephosphorylate the IR in cells, nor does it effectively inhibit IR signaling. These results suggest that PTP1B targets the IR through a novel binding element and that binding is required for the physiological effects of PTP1B on IR signal transduction.
Involvement of a novel Arabidopsis phospholipase D, AtPLDδ, in dehydration‐inducible accumulation of phosphatidic acid in stress signalling (2001)

Phospholipid metabolism is involved in plant responses to drought and salinity stress. To investigate the role of phospholipase D (PLD) and its product phosphatidic acid (PtdOH) in stress signalling, we isolated a novel PLD cDNA, designated AtPLDdelta, by screening a cDNA library prepared from dehydrated Arabidopsis thaliana. The AtPLDdelta protein, of 868 amino acids, has a putative catalytic domain and a C2 domain that is involved in Ca2+/phospholipid binding. The AtPLDdelta mRNA accumulated in response to dehydration and high salt stress. Histochemical analysis showed that the AtPLDdelta gene is strongly expressed in the vascular tissues of cotyledons and leaves under dehydration stress conditions. Under normal growth conditions, AtPLDdelta was expressed in roots, leaves, stems and flowers but not in siliques. We showed that dehydration stimulates the accumulation of PtdOH. The accumulation of PtdOH in response to dehydration was significantly suppressed in AtPLDdelta antisense transgenic plants. These results suggest that AtPLDdelta may be involved in PtdOH accumulation in the dehydration stress response.
Plasma Level of a Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-1: Its Diagnostic Accuracy in Patients with Suspected Sepsis (2004)

In newly admitted critically ill patients, measurement of plasma levels of soluble TREM-1 could help to rapidly identify those with infection.
Manipulation of Sample Fractions on a Capillary Electrophoresis Chip (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTManipulation of Sample Fractions on a Capillary Electrophoresis ChipCarlo S. Effenhauser, Andreas. Manz, and H. Michael. WidmerCite this: Anal. Chem. 1995, 67, 13, 2284–2287Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00109a057https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00109a057research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views235Altmetric-Citations92LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Observation of an Electronic Superlattice at the Surface of Clean Gold (1998)

We have used scanning tunneling spectroscopy to spatially resolve the electronic structure of clean Au(111) at low temperature. We find that the long-range herringbone reconstruction on Au(111) acts as a superlattice for surface-state electrons, creating a new band structure and modulated electronic density. Low energy electrons respond to the superlattice by localizing in the hexagonal-close-packed (hcp) region of the reconstruction, while higher energy electrons reverse this trend, shifting density back to the adjacent face-centered-cubic (fcc) region. These observations are quantitatively explained by an extended Kronig-Penney model, from which we estimate the well-depth of the reconstruction-induced surface superlattice.
Rates of chromosome abnormalities at different maternal ages. (1981)

Estimates are made of the rates of all clinically significant cytogenetic abnormalities in live births by 1-year maternal age intervals ranging from 15 to 49. Down syndrome results from the most prevalent clinically significant cytogenetic abnormality, yet the rates of disorders associated with other cytogenetic abnormalities also increase with maternal age and significantly contribute to the overall rate at the older ages. The estimated rate of all clinically significant cytogenetic abnormalities rises from about 2 per 1000 (1 per 500) at the youngest maternal ages to about 2.6 per 1000 (1 per 270) at age 30, 5.6 per 1000 (1 per 80) at age 35, 15.8 per 1000 (1 per 60) at age 40, and 53.7 per 1000 (1 per 20) at age 45.
42.1: A Novel Four‐Mask‐Count Process Architecture for TFT‐LCDs (2000)

Abstract High production cost of the TFT‐LCDs is closely related to the complication of the fabrication process. To simplify the fabrication process, it is critical to reduce the number of mask‐count. In this paper, 4‐mask‐count TFT‐array process using slit (or gray‐tone) photolithography technology is introduced. Various kinds of the geometrical slit designs and the exposure conditions have been simulated and experimentally optimized. By adopting this novel process, TFT channel is defined without using additional photolithography.
Effect of Dual Treatment with SDF-1 and BMP-2 on Ectopic and Orthotopic Bone Formation (2015)

These findings imply that sequence-controlled application of SDF-1 and BMP-2 must be further investigated for the enhancement of robust osteogenesis in bone defects.
Effects of the Surface Roughness on Sliding Angles of Water Droplets on Superhydrophobic Surfaces (2000)

Various superhydrophobic films having different surface roughnesses were prepared, and the relationships between the sliding angle, the contact angle, and the surface structure were investigated. In the highly hydrophobic region, the sliding angles of water droplets decreased with increasing contact angles. Microstructural observation revealed that surface structures that can trap air are important for the preparation of low-sliding-angle surfaces. We have also derived an equation that describes the relationship between sliding angles and contact angles on superhydrophobic surfaces with roughness. The results calculated on the basis of this equation agreed well with the experimental ones. Moreover, we have successfully prepared a transparent superhydrophobic film whose sliding angle is ∼1° for a 7 mg water droplet. On this film, there was almost no resistance to the sliding of water droplets. The film obtained satisfies the requirements of superhydrophobicity, transparency, and a low water sliding angle.
A New Polymer-Anchored Chiral Catalyst for Asymmetric Michael Addition Reactions (2001)

[figure: see text] Monomer (R,R)-3-aza-3-(p-vinylbenzyl)-1,5-diphenyl-1,5-dihydroxypentane (2) when polymerized with styrene and divinylbenzene affords polymers, onto which lithium and aluminum are incorporated via reaction with lithium aluminum hydride. The resulting insoluble polymers containing chiral lithium and aluminum active centers are quite effective for asymmetric Michael addition of nitro compounds, thiols, and amines. The optimized reaction conditions yield Michael adducts in good yield with high enantiomeric excesses.
Different patterns of regulation of the genes encoding the closely related 56 kDa selenium- and acetaminophen-binding proteins in normal tissues and during carcinogenesis (1993)

A full-length cDNA encoding a 56 kDa liver protein recently implicated in the detoxification of acetaminophen (AP56) has been cloned by virtue of its similarity to the 56 kDa selenium-binding protein (SP56): in fact, the deduced AP56 amino acid sequence differs at only 14 residues from SP56. Isolation of genomic DNA recombinants from a Balb/c mouse cosmid genomic DNA library shows that SP56 and AP56 are encoded by two different genes. Using reverse transcription/PCR with oligonucleotide primers that distinguish the AP56 and SP56 mRNAs shows that the SP56 mRNA is highly expressed in liver, kidney and, to a lesser extent, lung; whereas the AP56 mRNA is mainly expressed in liver. Both mRNAs tend to be down-regulated in liver cell lines but remain high in DEN-induced liver tumours in vivo. The relevance of these findings is evaluated in terms of the postulated functions of the two proteins in mediating the anti-carcinogenic effects of selenium and detoxification mechanisms.
Production of eicosapentaenoic acid by a recombinant marine cyanobacterium, Synechococcus sp. (2000)

The eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) synthesis gene cluster from an EPA-producing bacterium, Shewanella sp. SCRC-2738, was cloned into a broad-host range vector, pJRD215, and then introduced into a marine cyanobacterium, Synechococcus sp. NKBG15041c, by conjugation. The transconjugant cyanobacteria produced 3.7 +/- 0.2% (2.24 +/- 0.13 mg/L) EPA (n-3) and 2.5 +/- 0.2% (1.49 +/- 0.06 mg/L) eicosatetraenoic acid (n-3) of the total fatty acids when the cells were cultured at 23 degrees C at a light intensity of 1,000-1,500 Lux. The EPA and eico-satetraenoic acid contents of the cells were increased to 4.6 +/- 0.6% (3.86 +/- 1.11 mg/L) and 4.7 +/- 0.3% (3.86 +/- 0.82 mg/L), and 7.5 +/- 0.3% (1.76 +/- 0.10 mg/L) and 5.1 +/- 0.2% (1.19 +/- 0.06 mg/L) when they were cultured at low temperature (18 degrees C) and at lower light intensity (40 Lux), respectively.