gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Priority-driven, preemptive I/O controllers for real-time systems (1988)

Current I/O controller architectures inhibit the use of priority-driven preemptive scheduling algorithms that can guarantee hard deadlines in real-time systems. This paper examines the effect of three I/O controller architectures upon schedulable utilization, which is the highest attainable resource utilization at or below which all deadlines can be guaranteed. FIFO request queueing, priority queueing, and priority queueing with preemptable service are simulated for a range of CPU computation to I/O traffic ratios. The results show that, for I/O bound tasks sets and zero preemption costs, priority queueing with preemptable service can provide a level of schedulable utilization 35% higher than that attainable with FIFO queueing and 20% higher than priority queueing and nonpreemptable service. Although the potential gain for priority queueing with preemptable service is large, further simulations that incorporate a time penalty for each preemption show that the gain is very sensitive to preemption cost. With preemption cost represented as a ratio of preemption time to the minimum task period, the level of schedulable utilization for priority queueing with preemptable service degrades to that of priority queueing with nonpreemptable service, for a preemption cost ratio of 0.04. A high level design of a preemptable I/O controller is described and the issues determining preemption cost are detailed along with techniques for its minimization. *
Anti-Inflammatory Activity ofSchizonepeta tenuifoliathrough the Inhibition of MAPK Phosphorylation in Mouse Peritoneal Macrophages (2008)

Schizonepeta tenuifolia (ST) is a well-known herb to treat the cold and its associated headache. However, the anti-inflammatory mechanism of ST in mouse peritoneal macrophages is not clear. In this study, we demonstrated that ST inhibited lipopolysaccaride (LPS)-induced tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and interleukin (IL)-6 production. The maximal inhibition rate of TNF-alpha and IL-6 production by ST (2 mg/ml) was 48.01 +/- 2.8% and 56.45 +/- 2.8%, respectively. During the inflammatory process, cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were increased in mouse peritoneal macrophages. However, treated with ST decreased the protein level of COX-2 and iNOS, as well as the production of PGE(2) and NO in LPS-stimulated mouse peritoneal macrophages. In addition, ST inhibited the phosphorylation of MAPK. Taken together, the results of this study suggest an important molecular mechanism by which ST reduces inflammation, which may explain its beneficial effect in the regulation of inflammatory reactions.
Inhibition of tumorigenicity of the teratoma PC cell line by transfection with antisense cDNA for PC cell-derived growth factor (PCDGF, epithelin/granulin precursor) (1998)

The PC cell line is a highly tumorigenic, insulin-independent, teratoma-derived cell line isolated from the nontumorigenic, insulin-dependent 1246 cell line. Studies of the PC cell growth properties have led to the purification of an 88-kDa secreted glycoprotein called PC cell-derived growth factor (PCDGF), which has been shown to stimulate the growth of PC cells as well as 3T3 fibroblasts. Sequencing of PCDGF cDNA demonstrated its identity to the precursor of a family of 6-kDa double-cysteine-rich polypeptides called epithelins or granulins (epithelin/granulin precursor). Since PCDGF was isolated from highly tumorigenic cells, its level of expression was examined in PC cells as well as in nontumorigenic and moderately tumorigenic cells from which PC cells were derived. Northern blot and Western blot analyses indicate that the levels of PCDGF mRNA and protein were very low in the nontumorigenic cells and increased in tumorigenic cell lines in a positive correlation with their tumorigenic properties. Experiments were performed to determine whether the autocrine production of PCDGF was involved in the tumorigenicity of PC cells. For this purpose, we examined the in vivo growth properties in syngeneic C3H mice of PC cells where PCDGF expression had been inhibited by transfection of antisense PCDGF cDNA. The results show that inhibition of PCDGF expression resulted in a dramatic inhibition of tumorigenicity of the transfected cells when compared with empty-vector control cells. These data demonstrate the importance in tumor formation of overexpression of the novel growth factor PCDGF.
Stereochemical course of nucleotidyl transfer catalyzed by bacteriophage T7 induced DNA polymerase (1982)

The bacteriophage T7 induced DNA polymerase, consisting of the phage specified gene 5 protein associated with Escherichia coli thioredoxin, catalyzes the copolymerization of SP-dATP alpha S with dTTP, producing the alternating of polymer poly[dTs-A)] by a mechanism involving inversion of configuration at P alpha. Degradation of poly[d(5s-A)] by the nucleolytic action of E. coli DNA polymerase produced the dinucleotide pdTps-dA, whose configuration at the phosphorothioate diester was assigned as R by comparison of the phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance chemical shift (55.0 ppm downfield from H3PO4) with that of an authentic sample. Further degradation by alkaline phosphatase to Rp-dTps-dA (55.6 ppm downfield from H3PO4) confirmed the configuration. The stereochemistry provides no evidence of a double displacement mechanism.
Subtotal Cystectomy and Prosthetic Bladder Replacement (1972)

No AccessJournal of Urology1 May 1972Subtotal Cystectomy and Prosthetic Bladder Replacement Theodore H. Stanley, John G. Feminella, Joseph B. Priestley, and John K. Lattimer Theodore H. StanleyTheodore H. Stanley , John G. FeminellaJohn G. Feminella , Joseph B. PriestleyJoseph B. Priestley , and John K. LattimerJohn K. Lattimer View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)61139-XAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail © 1972 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited ByPORTIS A, ELBAHNASY A, SHALHAV A, BREWER A, HUMPHREY P, MCDOUGALL E and CLAYMAN R (2018) LAPAROSCOPIC AUGMENTATION CYSTOPLASTY WITH DIFFERENT BIODEGRADABLE GRAFTS IN AN ANIMAL MODELJournal of Urology, VOL. 164, NO. 4, (1405-1411), Online publication date: 1-Oct-2000.ELBAHNASY A, SHALHAV A, HOENIG D, FIGENSHAU R and CLAYMAN R (2018) BLADDER WALL SUBSTITUTION WITH SYNTHETIC AND NON-INTESTINAL ORGANIC MATERIALSJournal of Urology, VOL. 159, NO. 3, (628-637), Online publication date: 1-Mar-1998.PIECHOTA H, DAHMS S, NUNES L, DAHIYA R, LUE T and TANAGHO E (2018) IN VITRO FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF THE RAT BLADDER REGENERATED BY THE BLADDER ACELLULAR MATRIX GRAFTJournal of Urology, VOL. 159, NO. 5, (1717-1724), Online publication date: 1-May-1998.Wolf J and Turzan C (2018) Augmentation UreterocystoplastyJournal of Urology, VOL. 149, NO. 5 Part 1, (1095-1098), Online publication date: 1-May-1993.Gleeson M and Griffith D (2018) The Use of Alloplastic Biomaterials in Bladder SubstitutionJournal of Urology, VOL. 148, NO. 5 Part 1, (1377-1382), Online publication date: 1-Nov-1992. Volume 107Issue 5May 1972Page: 783-787 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1972 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Theodore H. Stanley Current address: Anesthesiology Service, Wilford Hall USAF Medical Center (AFSC), Lackland Air Force Base, San Antonio, Texas 78236. More articles by this author John G. Feminella More articles by this author Joseph B. Priestley More articles by this author John K. Lattimer More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Loading ...
Analysis of Genetic Heterogeneity, Antigenicity, and Biological Characteristics of HIV-1 in a Maternal Transmitter and Nontransmitter Patient Pair (1996)

To obtain insight into the factors involved in vertical transmission, we compared the sequence diversity, seroreactivity, and biological characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) derived from a transmitter and nontransmitter mother pair. Forty-two clones from the transmitter and 20 from the nontransmitter, spanning the principal neutralization determinant (PND) of the env gene, were sequenced and analyzed. The intrapatient sequence variation in transmitter and nontransmitter viruses was 12% and 36%, respectively, and the interpatient variation was 38%. In an effort to correlate immune responses to viral genetics, we analyzed the sera from these patients against a number of V3 peptides from known HIV-1 isolates. We observed that (i) both the transmitter and nontransmitter sera demonstrated higher binding to V3 peptides based on SF-2 and MN sequences than to IIIB and Z6 isolates; (ii) the vertical transmission of HIV-1 is correlated with the absence of high maternal antibody responses to the PND; and (iii) the high-affinity binding of the sera to SF-2 and MN V3 peptides correlated with the sequence analysis, indicating that the V3 sequences from both patients are more closely related to ADA, SF-162, and MN than to IIIB or Z6. Biological analysis of the viruses from these patients demonstrate that the transmitters' viruses infect a number of T-cell lines in vitro, whereas the nontransmitter viruses do not infect cell lines or the primary lymphocytes.
Arene synthesis by extrusion reaction. Part 14. Synthesis of benzo-fused tetraphenylenes and crystal structure of a 4:1 clathrate inclusion compound of dibenzo[b,h]tetraphenylene with p-xylene (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTArene synthesis by extrusion reaction. Part 14. Synthesis of benzo-fused tetraphenylenes and crystal structure of a 4:1 clathrate inclusion compound of dibenzo[b,h]tetraphenylene with p-xyleneYuet Ming Man, Thomas C. W. Mak, and Henry N. C. WongCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 10, 3214–3221Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00297a043https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00297a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1532Altmetric-Citations68LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Sterilising action of pyrazinamide in models of dormant and rifampicin-tolerant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. (2006)

PZA differs from other anti-tuberculosis drugs in showing greater bactericidal activity the slower the bacillary metabolic activity, hence its great value as a sterilising drug, likely to remain as an effective companion drug with newer sterilising drugs.
Increased survival and reduced renal injury in MRL/lpr mice treated with a human Fcγ receptor II (CD32) peptide (2012)

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem chronic inflammatory disease affecting many organs. The deposition in kidney tissue of immune complexes and their interaction with macrophages is thought to trigger the inflammatory response leading to glomerulonephritis. It has been demonstrated that inhibition of this interaction in murine models can alleviate the disease. Six synthetic peptides were derived from the membrane-proximal extracellular domain (EC2) of human Fcγ receptor II (huFcγRII). Of these, one peptide, huRII6, was shown to be a potent competitive inhibitor of IgG binding to recombinant FcγRII in vitro. To examine the possible therapeutic impact of huRII6 in vivo, this peptide, or a control, was given by subcutaneous injection to female MRL/lpr mice from weeks 7 to 36, resulting in an enhanced survival rate compared with control-treated animals and a reduction of proteinuria. Histopathological examination of the kidneys showed a reduction in deposition of immune complexes and preservation of structure. Such a functional peptide should prove useful for examining the role of IgG-FcγR interactions in experimental models of disease and may provide for the development of FcR-targeting drugs to treat autoimmune disorders.
Achieving Data Truthfulness and Privacy Preservation in Data Markets (2018)

As a significant business paradigm, many online information platforms have emerged to satisfy society's needs for person-specific data, where a service provider collects raw data from data contributors, and then offers value-added data services to data consumers. However, in the data trading layer, the data consumers face a pressing problem, i.e., how to verify whether the service provider has truthfully collected and processed data? Furthermore, the data contributors are usually unwilling to reveal their sensitive personal data and real identities to the data consumers. In this paper, we propose TPDM, which efficiently integrates Truthfulness and Privacy preservation in Data Markets. TPDM is structured internally in an Encrypt-then-Sign fashion, using partially homomorphic encryption and identity-based signature. It simultaneously facilitates batch verification, data processing, and outcome verification, while maintaining identity preservation and data confidentiality. We also instantiate TPDM with a profile matching service and a data distribution service, and extensively evaluate their performances on Yahoo! Music ratings dataset and 2009 RECS dataset, respectively. Our analysis and evaluation results reveal that TPDM achieves several desirable properties, while incurring low computation and communication overheads when supporting large-scale data markets.
Haloaurate and halopalladate imidazolium salts: structures, properties, and use as precursors for catalytic metal nanoparticles (2012)

The synthesis and characterisation of a series of new gold- and palladium-containing symmetrical imidazolium salts are described which display significant cation-dependent effects determined by the structure of the alkyl chains of the imidazolium motifs. Whereas direct reduction of the Pd salts can produce stable nanoparticles (NPs) coated by imidazolium salts, the addition of strong base to the Pd or Au salts before reduction gives stable NPs, potentially pacified by N-heterocyclic carbene units. The possibility of NP surface protection by metal-carbon bonds in these systems is investigated by spectroscopic, synthetic, and catalytic investigations, providing support for the hypothesis. Significantly, the catalytic activity of the NPs is not inhibited by the continued presence of the ligands.
Risk scoring systems for adults admitted to the emergency department: a systematic review (2010)

None of the 10 scoring systems presented in this article are perfect and all have their weaknesses. More research is needed before the use of scoring systems can be fully implemented to the risk assessment of acutely admitted medical patients.
The Stereochemistry of Indigo. (1908)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Stereochemistry of Indigo.K. George Falk and J. M. NelsonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1908, 30, 1, 143Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1908Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1908https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01943a017https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01943a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views78Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
High-temperature cuprate superconductors (2014)

Abstract This chapter discusses the basic features of high-Tc cuprate superconductors (HTS cuprates) in terms of their structure and properties. Structure-wise, all are layered perovskite or related compounds with long orthorhombic or tetragonal unit cell containing superconducting layers, spacer or blocking layers, and charge-reservoir layers, each having an important role in superconductivity. This structural arrangement makes the materials quasi-two-dimensional and their superconductivity markedly anisotropic. HTS cuprates are antiferromagnetic Mott insulators with low carrier concentrations and TN ≈ 300–400 K, the latter rapidly decreasing with hole doping. They exhibit many unusual features such as a pseudogap, stripe phase, and coexistence of short-range magnetic fluctuations with superconductivity, manifested in a generic T–p phase diagram discussed in this chapter. HTS cuprates possess huge critical fields, but their characteristic features such as anisotropy, grain-boundary weak links, and hard and brittle nature pose hurdles for their practical use.
Thermodynamics of ribonuclease T1 denaturation (1992)

Differential scanning calorimetry has been used to investigate the thermodynamics of denaturation of ribonuclease T1 as a function of pH over the pH range 2-10, and as a function of NaCl and MgCl2 concentration. At pH 7 in 30 mM PIPES buffer, the thermodynamic parameters are as follows: melting temperature, T1/2 = 48.9 +/- 0.1 degrees C; enthalpy change, delta H = 95.5 +/- 0.9 kcal mol-1; heat capacity change, delta Cp = 1.59 kcal mol-1 K-1; free energy change at 25 degrees C, delta G degrees (25 degrees C) = 5.6 kcal mol-1. Both T1/2 = 56.5 degrees C and delta H = 106.1 kcal mol-1 are maximal near pH 5. The conformational stability of ribonuclease T1 is increased by 3.0 kcal/mol in the presence of 0.6 M NaCl or 0.3 M MgCl2. This stabilization results mainly from the preferential binding of cations to the folded conformation of the protein. The estimates of the conformational stability of ribonuclease T1 from differential scanning calorimetry are shown to be in remarkably good agreement with estimates derived from an analysis of urea denaturation curves.
Efficient Microwave Access to Polysubstituted Amidines from Imidoylbenzotriazoles (2006)

Microwave reactions of primary and secondary amines with imidoylbenzotriazoles 6a-w gave diversely substituted amidines 7a-Aa in 76-94% yields. Convenient preparations of a variety of amides 5a-Ab (87-96%) and imidoylbenzotriazoles 6a-w (56-95%) have also been developed using microwave irradiation under mild conditions and short reaction times. These results demonstrate further the advantages of microwave synthesis and introduce a new application of imidoylbenzotriazoles in the preparation of polysubstituted amidines.
The Solitary Pulmonary Nodule (2003)

A 60-year-old man undergoes chest radiography during an evaluation for pneumonia, and a 1.5-cm nodule is discovered. He is a heavy smoker but has no history of lung disease. The results of a physical examination are unremarkable. How should he be evaluated?
Inverse Vulcanization of Elemental Sulfur to Prepare Polymeric Electrode Materials for Li–S Batteries (2014)

Sulfur-rich copolymers based on poly(sulfur-<i>random-</i>1,3-diisopropenylbenzene) (poly(S-<i>r</i>-DIB)) were synthesized via inverse vulcanization to create cathode materials for lithium-sulfur battery applications. These materials exhibit enhanced capacity retention (1005 mAh/g at 100 cycles) and battery lifetimes over 500 cycles at a C/10 rate. These poly(S-<i>r</i>-DIB) copolymers represent a new class of polymeric electrode materials that exhibit one of the highest charge capacities reported, particularly after extended charge-discharge cycling in Li-S batteries.
Structural insights from random mutagenesis of Campylobacter jejunioligosaccharyltransferase PglB (2012)

This study provides novel structure-function relationships for the periplasmic domain of the Campylobacter jejuni N-oligosaccharyltransferase PglB and describes procedures for generating and screening oligosaccharyltransferase mutant libraries in an engineered E. coli system.
Establishment of NewTrichoplusia niCell Lines in Serum-Free Medium for Baculovirus and Recombinant Protein Production (1998)

Thirty one new cell lines fromTrichoplusia nieggs have been established in Ex-Cell 400, a commercially available serum-free medium. These cell lines were evaluated for support of baculovirus replication with the 1A strain ofAutographa californicaMNPV (AcMNPV-1A) and withT. niSNPV (TnSNPV). All cell lines were found to be susceptible to both viruses. Those cell lines demonstrating superior qualities were chosen for further study. Of the new cell lines tested, the BTI-Tn-4B31 (Tn-4B31) cell line produced more AcMNPV and TnSNPV budded virus (8.8 × 107PFU/ml and 5.7 × 106PFU/ml, respectively). This cell line also produced the greatest number of AcMNPV occlusion bodies (OBs) per cell (104), when compared to the other new cell lines. The BTI-Tn-4A14 (Tn-4A14) cell line produced the greatest number of TnSNPV OBs per cell (968) when compared to the other new cell lines. However, the highest producer of OBs/cell for both AcMNPV and TnSNPV was the BTI-Tn-5B1-4 (Tn-5B1-4 or High Five) cell line (127 and 1,152, respectively). Bioassay results with AcMNPV-1A showed that OBs derivedin vitrofrom all new cell lines were infectious toT. nineonate larvae when compared to larval-derived OBs. Expression levels of two recombinant AcMNPV viruses, E2-β-Gal and AcSEAP, were compared to IPLB-Sf-21 (Sf-21) cells and to Tn-5B1-4 cells, which are known to express recombinant proteins at high levels. Under identical conditions, β-galactosidase and alkaline phosphatase production in at least two cell lines, BTI-Tn-4B (Tn-4B) and Tn-4B31, were similar to Tn-5B1-4 cells and higher than Sf-21 cells. Preliminary characterization of different cell lines through random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis revealed unique DNA banding profiles for Tn-5B1-4 and Sf-21 cell lines, which distinguished them from each other and the Tn-4A14, Tn-4B, and Tn-4B31 cell lines. Similar DNA banding profiles were obtained for the Tn-4A14, Tn-4B, and Tn-4B31 cell lines, using multiple 10-mer primers.