gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
KEKB Power Supply Interface Controller Module (1997)

There are more than 2,500 magnet power supplies for KEKB storage rings. It was a very important problem to solve the problem how to control such a large number of power supplies distributed around the ring. Almost all the magnets are powered by independent power supplies. The cost of interfaces is also a large problem. After discussions, we decided to develop an interface controller module that will be mounted in the power supply controller or power supply itself. It has a 16-bit microprocessor, ARCnet interface, trigger pulse input interface, and general-purpose parallel interface to the power supply. The microprocessor receives commands from the control system via ARCnet, analyzes them and sends signals to the power supply. It does not have DAC or ADC for simplicity. DAC is located in the power supply controller or power supply itself. And the output current is monitored by analog scanning sub-system. We have also developed an ARCnet driver module on VME-bus with four channels of ARCnet interface. On each ARCnet segment, up to twenty power supply interface modules are connected. Modules are now being tested in the QCS magnet power supply system. 1
GazeEverywhere (2017)

Eye tracking is becoming more and more affordable, and thus gaze has the potential to become a viable input modality for human-computer interaction. We present the GazeEverywhere solution that can replace the mouse with gaze control by adding a transparent layer on top of the system GUI. It comprises three parts: i) the SPOCK interaction method that is based on smooth pursuit eye movements and does not suffer from the Midas touch problem; ii) an online recalibration algorithm that continuously improves gaze-tracking accuracy using the SPOCK target projections as reference points; and iii) an optional hardware setup utilizing head-up display technology to project superimposed dynamic stimuli onto the PC screen where a software modification of the system is not feasible. In validation experiments, we show that GazeEverywhere's throughput according to ISO 9241-9 was improved over dwell time based interaction methods and nearly reached trackpad level. Online recalibration reduced interaction target ('button') size by about 25%. Finally, a case study showed that users were able to browse the internet and successfully run Wikirace using gaze only, without any plug-ins or other modifications.
Ig-binding Receptors on Human NK Cells as Effector and Regulatory Surface Molecules (2001)

The receptors on human natural killer 9NK cells which can specifically bind the Fc portion of immunoglobulin molecules (Fc receptors) have been extensively studied. The best known and studied Fc receptor on human NK cells is FcgammaRIIIa. Interactions of NK cells with IgG antibodies via this receptor are well known to induce a signal transduction cascade and lead to antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) as well as release of various cytokines. In addition, interactions with monomeric IgG and FcgammaRIIIa have been demonstrated, which result in negative regulation of NK activity and other immunomodulatory effects. Over the past several years, it has also become increasingly appreciated that human NK cells express a variety of other Fc receptors, including FcmuR, which also can mediate effector and immunoregulatory functions. Also, a novel form of FcgammaR has been demonstrated on human NK cells, termed FcgammaRIIc. Recent molecular studies have shown considerable polymorphism in the genes for FcgammaIIc and the functional consequences are being dissected. This appears to include cross-talk between FcgammaRIIIa and at least some forms of FcgammaRIIc, which may have important functional consequences.
Isolation of Mitochondrial DNA-less Mouse Cell Lines and Their Application for Trapping Mouse Synaptosomal Mitochondrial DNA with Deletion Mutations (1997)

For isolation of mouse mtDNA-less (rho0) cell lines, we searched for various antimitochondrial drugs that were expected to decrease the mtDNA content and found that treatment with ditercalinium, an antitumor bis-intercalating agent, was extremely effective for completely excluding mtDNA in all the mouse cell lines we tested. The resulting rho0 mouse cells were successfully used for trapping the mtDNA of living nerve cells into dividing cultured cells by fusion of the rho0 cells with mouse brain synaptosomes, which represent synaptic endings isolated from nerve cells. With neuronal mtDNA obtained, all of the cybrid clones restored mitochondrial translation activity similarly regardless of whether the mtDNA was derived from young or aged mice, thus at least suggesting that defects in mitochondrial genomes are not involved in the age-associated mitochondrial dysfunction observed in the brain of aged mice. Furthermore, we could trap a very small amount of a common 5823-base pair deletion mutant mtDNA (DeltamtDNA5823) that was detectable by polymerase chain reaction in the cybrid clones. As the amount of mutant mtDNA with large scale deletions was expected to increase during prolonged cultivation of the cybrids, these cells should be available for establishment of mice containing the deletion mutant mtDNA.
Competition and consumer law: Dual distribution targeted by ACCC (2014)

Judges in two Federal Court cases brought by the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission have reached differing conclusions about dual distribution models and their legality under Australian competition law.
Nuclear Matrix: A Cell‐Cycle‐Dependent Site of Increased Intranuclear Protein Phosphorylation (1983)

Evidence is presented that the nuclear matrix is a cell-cycle-dependent site of increased intranuclear protein phosphorylation. The incorporation of radioactive phosphate (32P) is highest during the premitotic (G2) phase and 40-50% less in the postmitotic phase (G1). This is observed for both total matrix protein and for several individual polypeptides ranging in molecular mass from greater than 200 kDa to 19 kDa. The phenomenon can be demonstrated when the matrix is isolated from orthophosphate-labeled intact cells, as well as when the matrix is isolated and then incubated in vitro in a protein kinase reaction mixture. The ability of the isolated matrix to mimic the events in vivo indicates the presence of endogenous protein phosphokinase activity and physiological substrates in this isolated nuclear fraction. Further evidence for such mimicry was obtained when amino acid phosphorylation sites were determined. Phosphoserine is the most abundant phosphoamino acid in the matrix labelled both in vitro and in vivo, although phosphothreonine and phosphotyrosine are also present. On the basis of several pieces of data, the endogenous matrix activity appears to be due to multiple protein phosphokinases. Since the maximum phosphorylation coincides with premitosis, the phosphoproteins may play a role in mitotic events. These observations extend and expand the application of this fraction to the study of nuclear structure/function relationships, particularly at the time of mitosis.
Controlled source tensor magnetotellurics (1991)

Abstract Impedance tensor and tipper vectors, known to connect the electromagnetic surface components for plane-wave excitation, are shown to be uniquely defined for horizontal electric or horizontal magnetic dipole sources. Two independent source polarizations are needed for their estimation in practice. Analysis of impedance tensors and tipper vectors for a layered half-space shows that the impedance tensor can be antidiagonalized by rotating the measurement system so that one of the measurement directions coincides with the direction to the transmitter dipole. The tipper vector points towards the transmitter dipole. In the static limit, all transfer functions are real, and simple analytic results for a homogeneous half-space show that impedance elements are proportional to the inverse of the product of conductivity and distance between source and receiver, while the tipper vector is a unit vector pointing towards the transmitter dipole.
Performance analysis of median filtering on Meiko-a distributed multiprocessor system (2002)

This paper presents the performance analysis of realizing median filtering on a distributed multiprocessor system. The results of the performance analysis give a good indication of the performance gain in using multi-processor for median filtering over uni-processor. Such performance gain is proportional to the problem size as shown by varying the size of the image. Furthermore, through the analysis, it is clear that the computation time and inter-processor communications scale well with the number of processors in the system. However, the overall system performance does not have such behavior because of the initialization overhead dominating the computation time as the number of processors increases beyond a certain point. It is because of this relationship that an optimal performance is achievable with a certain number of processors. It is also found that this number varies with the problem size. In addition, the subimage model is found to be an acceptable approach far this type of processing as only the necessary parts of the image are sent to the other processors. The master and slave scheme proves to be easy for programming, control and data manipulation. As a whole, this type of non-linear processing seems to fit well into the MIMD architecture.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
.alpha.-Halo boronic esters: intermediates for stereodirected synthesis (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT.alpha.-Halo boronic esters: intermediates for stereodirected synthesisDonald S. MattesonCite this: Chem. Rev. 1989, 89, 7, 1535–1551Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr00097a009https://doi.org/10.1021/cr00097a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3861Altmetric-Citations370LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
On the possible anti-rheumatic effects (immuno-effector?)of imidazole derivatives (levamisole, clotrimazole, niridazole). (1977)

Some imidazole derivatives (levamisole, clotrimazole) have no significant effect on the rat adjuvant arthritis at dosages used in human therapy. If the effectiveness of these drugs in rheumatoid arthritis is confirmed by double blind studies, it would be necessary to find an explanation other than an immuno-effective action does not occur in some patients.
Enfurvitide prevents vertical transmission of multidrug-resistant HIV-1 in pregnancy but does not cross the placenta (2006)

The use of previously successful antiretroviral regimens in mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) prevention will be increasingly challenged by the rising prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) HIV. We used enfurvitide together with an optimized antiretroviral backbone to prevent the MTCT prevention of MDR HIV in two pregnant women. The measurement of maternal and foetal peripheral blood levels of enfurvitide showed no evidence of transplacental transfer.
DNA cleavage in rat liver nuclei activated by Mg2+ or Ca2+ + Mg2+ is inhibited by a variety of structurally unrelated inhibitors (1994)

Internucleosomal DNA fragmentation is often regarded as the biochemical hallmark of apoptosis and can be reproduced in vitro in rat liver nuclei. In this study we demonstrate that DNA is initially cleaved into > or = 700, 200-250, and 30-50 kilobase pair (kbp) fragments via a Mg(2+)-dependent, multistep process which can be potentiated by Ca2+. The subsequent internucleosomal cleavage requires both Ca2+ and Mg2+. Furthermore, we show that the heavy metals Cd2+ and Hg2+, dichloroisocoumarin (a general serine protease inhibitor), and N-ethyl maleimide (NEM, a specific thiol reagent) are potent inhibitors of both the Mg(2+)- and Ca2+/Mg(2+)-stimulated DNA fragmentation. In contrast, two other serine protease inhibitors, N-alpha-tosyl-L-lysine chloromethylketone and N-tosyl-L-phenylalanine chloromethylketone are weak and ineffective, respectively, as inhibitors of DNA cleavage. Increasing inhibition of DNA cleavage is accompanied by a shift in the size of the cleaved DNA fragments, which increases from mono- + oligo-nucleosomes-->30-50 kbp-->200-300 kbp--> > or = 700 kbp-->intact DNA. Dithiothreitol, a dithiol, blocks NEM and dichloroisocoumarin inhibition, and since Cd2+ and Hg2+ are also potent--SH blocking agents it is proposed that a critical thiol is involved in the cleavage of DNA into both large kbp fragments and oligonucleosomal-sized fragments.
Hippocampal lesions impair contextual fear conditioning in two strains of mice. (1996)

Two different strains of mice, C57BL/6J and BALB/c, with hippocampal, cortical, or sham lesions, underwent contextual fear conditioning. In both strains, contextual fear, as measured by the freezing response, was significantly impaired in hippocampus-lesioned animals compared with sham control animals. Fear conditioning was not affected in the cortical-lesioned group. Moreover, there was a strain difference in fear conditioning: The C57BL/6J mice exhibited freezing more frequently than the BALB/c mice. Consistent with previous hippocampal lesion studies in rats, these results indicate that contextual fear conditioning in mice also requires the intact hippocampus. This study provides a basis for evaluating hippocampal synaptic mechanisms in relation to contextual fear conditioning in widely available gene knockout or transgenic mice.
EGFR-Mediated Reactivation of MAPK Signaling Contributes to Insensitivity of BRAF -Mutant Colorectal Cancers to RAF Inhibition with Vemurafenib (2012)

BRAF valine 600 (V600) mutations occur in 10% to 15% of colorectal cancers, yet these tumors show a surprisingly low clinical response rate (~5%) to selective RAF inhibitors such as vemurafenib, which have produced dramatic response rates (60%–80%) in melanomas harboring the identical BRAF V600 mutation. We found that EGFR-mediated MAPK pathway reactivation leads to resistance to vemurafenib in BRAF-mutant colorectal cancers and that combined RAF and EGFR inhibition can lead to sustained MAPK pathway suppression and improved efficacy in vitro and in tumor xenografts.
Preparation and characterization of poly(propylene fumarate-co-ethylene glycol) hydrogels (1998)

We describe the preparation and bulk characterization of a cross-linked poly(propylene fumarate-co-ethylene glycol), p(PF-co-EG), hydrogel. Eight block copolymer formulations were made varying four different design parameters including: poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) molecular weight, poly(propylene fumarate) (PPF) molecular weight, copolymer molecular weight, and ratio of PEG to PPF. Two different cross-linking formulations were also tested, one with a cross-linking monomer and one without. The extent of the cross-linking reaction and the degree of swelling in aqueous solution were determined on copolymer formulations made without a cross-linking monomer. The values of molecular weight between cross-links, Mc ranged from 300 +/- 120 to 1190 +/- 320 as determined from swelling data (n = 3). The equilibrium volume swelling ratios, Q, varied from 1.5 +/- 0.1 to 3.0 +/- 0.1. This ratio was found to increase with increasing PEG content in the copolymer and decrease with increasing PPF molecular weight. The values for complex dynamic elastic moduli magnitudes of E*, ranged from 0.9 +/- 0.2 to 13.1 +/- 1.1 MPa for the formulations with the cross-linking monomer, N-vinyl pyrrolidinone (VP) (n = 3). The ultimate tensile stresses on the formulations made with VP ranged from 0.15 +/- 0.03 to 1.44 +/- 1.06 MPa, and tensile moduli ranged from 1.11 +/- 0.20 to 20.66 +/- 2.42 MPa (n = 5). All of the mechanical properties increased with increasing PPF molecular weight and decreased with increasing PEG content in the copolymer. These data show that the physical properties of p(PF-co-EG) hydrogels can be tailored for specific applications by altering the material composition.
Differential methylation and altered conformation of cytoplasmic and nuclear forms of protein phosphatase 2A during cell cycle progression. (1995)

Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) appears to be involved in the regulation of many cellular processes. Control mechanisms that lead to the activation (and deactivation) of the various holoenzymes to initiate appropriate dephosphorylation events remain obscure. The core components of all PP2A holoenzymes are the catalytic (PP2Ac) and 63-65-kD regulatory (PR65) subunits. Monospecific and affinity-purified antibodies against both PP2Ac and PR65 show that these proteins are ubiquitously localized in the cytoplasm and the nucleus in nontransformed fibroblasts. As determined by quantitative immunofluorescence the core subunits of PP2A are twofold more concentrated in the nucleus than in the cytoplasm. Detailed analysis of synchronized cells reveals striking changes in the nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio of PP2Ac-specific immunoreactivity albeit the total amounts of neither PP2Ac nor PR65 in each compartment alters significantly during the cell cycle. Our results imply that differential methylation of PP2Ac occurs at the G0/G1 and G1/S boundaries. Specifically a demethylated form of PP2Ac is found in the cytoplasm of G1 cells, and in the nucleus of S and G2 cells. In addition nuclear PP2A holoenzymes appear to undergo conformational changes at the G0/G1 and G1/S boundaries. During mitosis PP2A is lost from the nuclear compartment, and unlike protein phosphatase 1 shows no specific association with the condensed chromatin.
Syntheses of Peptides Related to the N-Terminal Structure of Corticotropin. III. The Synthesis of l-Histidyl-l-phenylalanyl-l-arginyl-l-tryptophan, the Smallest Peptide Exhibiting the Melanocyte-stimulating and the Lipolytic Activities (1964)

Abstract 1) A tetrapeptide, l-histidyl-l-phenylalanyl-l-arginyl-l-tryptophan, corresponding to the amino-acid sequence of positions 6 to 9 in the corticotropin and α-MSH molecules has been synthesized. 2) This synthetic tetrapeptide has been found to exhibit an MSH potency of 3.6×104 units per gram in the in vitro frog skin assay, and it is also active on lipolysis in rabbit perirenal adipose tissue. These results may confirm that the glycine at position 10 in the molecules of corticotropin and α-MSH is not essential for these biological activities. 3) It has been shown that the azide-couling procedure can be employed successfully for the synthesis of arginyl peptides provided it is used in combination with the NG-tosyl-arginine. 4) The preparation of NG-tosyl-l-arginine and some of the relevant compounds has been described.
Comparison of Astigmatism Correction Using Shorter Arc Length 90°/120° Asymmetric Intacs Severe Keratoconus Versus 150° Single-Segment Intacs Severe Keratoconus in Asymmetric Keratoconus (2011)

Implantation of asymmetric shorter arc length 90°/120° Intacs SK segments achieved 33% higher correction of astigmatism compared with 150° single-segment Intacs SK implantation. Improvement in UDVA, CDVA, and SE was comparable.
Test Structure and e-Beam Inspection Methodology for In-line Detection of (Non-visual) Missing Spacer Defects (2007)

A test structure specifically designed to allow in-line detection of missing spacer is introduced. Missing spacer is too small to be physically detected with any current inspection tool and therefore its existence must be flagged using voltage contrast for detection with an e-beam inspection system. How this structure and methodology were used to address this defect during the ramp of a recent technology is described. Key benefits include dramatically faster learning cycles and a much better ratio of signal to noise for split experiment evaluation. Missing spacer is one example of a growing class of non- visual defects which will greatly impact future semiconductor technologies. General principles for designing test structures to detect these defect types are discussed.
Severe Adverse Cutaneous Reactions to Drugs (1994)

Although the rate of acute severe adverse cutaneous reactions to medications is low, these reactions can affect anyone who takes medications and can result in death or disability1. Even a small number of cases associated with a particular drug may alter the recommendations for its use24. Prompt differentiation of severe adverse cutaneous reactions from less serious skin disorders may be difficult. Rapid recognition of severe reactions is essential. Prompt withdrawal of the offending drug is often the most important action to minimize morbidity.Adverse cutaneous reactions to drugs are frequent, affecting 2 to 3 percent of hospitalized . . .
Extraction of Erythropoietin from Kidneys of Hypoxic and Phenylhydrazine-Treated Rats (1965)

Abstract 1. Significant amounts of ESF have been extracted from kidneys of anemic and hypoxic rats by the use of hypotonic phosphate buffer at pH 6.8. 2. A minimum of 50 per cent of the ESF extracted from the kidneys was not due to activity contained in the trapped residual plasma. 3. Bioassay of sheep and rat plasma ESF and the kidney extracts by the radioiron-polycythemic mouse method indicated that the above preparations were parallel in their log-dose regressions, suggesting that these substances are similar in physiologic behavior.
The three‐dimensional structure of thymidine kinase from Herpes simplex virus type 1 (1995)

Recombinant thymidine kinase from Herpes simplex virus type 1 (ATP:thymidine 5'-phosphotransferase; EC 2.7.1.21), an enzyme of therapeutic importance, was purified and crystallized in an N-terminally truncated but still fully active form. The three-dimensional structure was solved by X-ray diffraction analysis at 3.0 A resolution using isomorphous replacement. The chain fold is presented together with the bound substrates thymidine and ATP. Three chain segments at the surface could not be located. The chain fold, the location of the substrates and presumbly also the catalytic mechanism resemble the well-known adenylate kinases.
Supporting Colocated Interactions Using RFID and Social Network Displays (2006)

DeaiExplorer uses RFID technology to dynamically derive interconnected social clusters from a publication database. It reveals these social networks on a display, letting colocated conference participants discover interpersonal connections. DeaiExplorer communicates with RFID tags attached to participants' conference badges and visualizes their mutual connections derived from the DBLP. The system scans RFID tags and uses participants' names to retrieve records in the DBLP database. Participants can either passively view the displayed networks or actively explore the networks through interactive zooming and scrolling