gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
c-Myc Proteolysis by the Ubiquitin-Proteasome Pathway: Stabilization of c-Myc in Burkitt's Lymphoma Cells (2000)

The c-Myc oncoprotein is a transcription factor which is a critical regulator of cellular proliferation. Deregulated expression of c-Myc is associated with many human cancers, including Burkitt's lymphoma. The c-Myc protein is normally degraded very rapidly with a half-life of 20 to 30 min. Here we demonstrate that proteolysis of c-Myc in vivo is mediated by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Inhibition of proteasome activity blocks c-Myc degradation, and c-Myc is a substrate for ubiquitination in vivo. Furthermore, an increase in c-Myc stability occurs in mitotic cells and is associated with inhibited c-Myc ubiquitination. Deletion analysis was used to identify regions of the c-Myc protein which are required for rapid proteolysis. We found that a centrally located PEST sequence, amino acids 226 to 270, is necessary for rapid c-Myc degradation, but not for ubiquitination. Also, N-terminal sequences, located within the first 158 amino acids of c-Myc, are necessary for both efficient c-Myc ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. We found that c-Myc is significantly stabilized (two- to sixfold) in many Burkitt's lymphoma-derived cell lines, suggesting that aberrant c-Myc proteolysis may play a role in the pathogenesis of Burkitt's lymphoma. Finally, mutation of Thr-58, a major phosphorylation site in c-Myc and a mutational hot spot in Burkitt's lymphoma, increases c-Myc stability; however, mutation of c-Myc is not essential for stabilization in Burkitt's lymphoma cells.
Genital Responsiveness in Healthy Women With and Without Sexual Arousal Disorder (2008)

Women with sexual arousal disorder diagnosed according to DSM-IV criteria were not less genitally responsive to visual sexual stimuli than women without such problems. These findings are in line with previous studies. The sexual problems these women report are clearly not related to their potential to become genitally aroused. We argue that the DSM-IV criteria for sexual arousal disorder are in need of revision. In medically healthy women, impaired genital responsiveness is not a valid diagnostic criterion.
Modifications of Two Methods for the Assay of Amylase (1960)

Journal Article Modifications of Two Methods for the Assay of Amylase Get access Michael Somogyi Michael Somogyi Laboratory of the Jewish Hospital of St. Louis, Mo Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Clinical Chemistry, Volume 6, Issue 1, 1 February 1960, Pages 23–35, https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/6.1.23 Published: 01 February 1960
Multilocus Restriction Typing: A Novel Tool for Studying Global Epidemiology ofBurkholderia cepaciaComplex Infection in Cystic Fibrosis (2002)

Burkholderia cepacia complex infections contribute significantly to mortality and morbidity in persons with cystic fibrosis (CF). The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of a novel typing method, multilocus restriction typing (MLRT), for investigation of the global epidemiology of B. cepacia complex genomovar III, the species most commonly encountered in CF. In the MLRT method, variation at several loci is indexed by restriction analysis of polymerase chain reaction-amplified genes. Data obtained by MLRT and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis of a large number of B. cepacia genomovar III isolates (including isolates belonging to epidemic lineages and environmental isolates) show a strong correlation. MLRT extends the utility of isolate genotyping by allowing comparisons of isolates collected in studies of larger scale (both temporal and spatial). The portability of MLRT data will facilitate comparison of data obtained in different laboratories. In addition, data obtained with MLRT can be used in studies of bacterial population structure.
Comparison of expression of a humanized monoclonal antibody in mouse NSO myeloma cells and Chinese Hamster Ovary cells (1994)

We report a detailed comparison of two commonly used stable, amplifiable mammalian expression systems (Chinese Hamster Ovary cells/dihydrofolate reductase and Mouse NSO myeloma/glutamine synthetase) used to express a humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody. We compare copy number and steady state mRNA levels of both the selectable marker and heavy chain of the antibody throughout the selection and amplification process. In both cell lines, copy number and steady state levels of heavy chain and selectable marker increased during selection and were further increased during amplification. As expected, an increase in steady state mRNA levels of heavy chain correlated with an increase in expression of antibody whilst an increase in the steady state levels of mRNA of the selectable marker correlated with increased resistance to the selective agent. In NSO and CHO cells producing equivalent amounts of antibody, the copy number of the antibody genes and selectable marker was significantly higher in the CHO cells than in the NSO cells. However, the steady state mRNA levels of the heavy chain of the antibody were virtually identical. Rates of protein secretion in the two cell lines were also compared and found to be very similar. When the antibody purified from both systems was compared in a number of functional assays they behaved identically.
The electric field induced during magnetic stimulation. (1991)

The electric field induced in tissue during magnetic stimulation is calculated. There are two sources of the electric field: charge and a time-dependent magnetic field: both sources are important in magnetic stimulation. Charge accumulation on the tissue surface tends to shield the nerve from the stimulus. The induced electric field is generally parallel to the tissue surface. Simulations of both peripheral and central nervous system stimulation are presented.
A Prospective Pilot Study of 89 Zr-J591/Prostate Specific Membrane Antigen Positron Emission Tomography in Men with Localized Prostate Cancer Undergoing Radical Prostatectomy (2013)

To our knowledge this is the first report of (89)Zr-J591/prostate specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography in localized prostate cancer cases. In this setting (89)Zr-J591 bound to tumor foci in situ and positron emission tomography identified primarily Gleason score 7 or greater and larger tumors, likely corresponding to clinically significant disease warranting definitive therapy. A future, larger clinical validation trial is planned to better define the usefulness of (89)Zr-J591 positron emission tomography for localized prostate cancer.
Synergistic antitumor effects of combination immunotherapy with recombinant interleukin-2 and a recombinant hybrid alpha-interferon in the treatment of established murine hepatic metastases. (1988)

We investigated the antitumor effects of combined immunotherapy with recombinant human interleukin-2 (rhIL-2) and the recombinant human interferon-alpha (rhIFN-alpha) A/D hybrid in the treatment of established single or multiple murine hepatic metastases. Mice bearing either weakly immunogenic MCA-106 or nonimmunogenic MCA-102 were treated with rhIL-2 alone, rhIFN-alpha alone, or the combination of lymphokines. Therapy was initiated on Day 3 or 10 and continued for 3-4 consecutive days. In the treatment of 3- and 10-day multiple MCA-106 liver metastases, significant reductions in the number of metastases, often more than 90%, were observed with the combination of rhIL-2 and rhIFN-alpha at doses of each lymphokine which had no effect when given alone. This decrease in the number of metastases resulted in a survival benefit that was seen in the combination therapy groups in a dose-dependent manner. Similarly, substantial reductions in tumor weight were seen when the combination of rhIL-2 and rhIFN-alpha was administered to mice with single large hepatic metastases. The decreases in both single and multiple metastatic tumor deposits by the combination of lymphokines were more than that predicted by the additive effect of each treatment alone. With the nonimmunogenic tumor, MCA-102, however, no benefit was derived from the addition of rhIFN-alpha to rhIL-2 therapy. Immunotherapy with recombinant murine interferon-gamma and rhIL-2 was directly compared to therapy with rhIL-2 and rhIFN-alpha. The combination of rhIL-2 and rhIFN-alpha again was found to be effective while recombinant murine interferon-gamma added toxicity but no therapeutic benefit to immunotherapy with rhIL-2 alone. The synergy between rhIL-2 and rhIFN-alpha was shown to be dependent on the host's intact immune system since mice immunosuppressed by sublethal irradiation prior to inoculation of tumor did not respond to the combined treatment. Possible mechanisms of the in vivo synergy between rhIL-2 and rhIFN-alpha are discussed.
Ten-dimensional anthropomorphic arm control in a human brain−machine interface: difficulties, solutions, and limitations (2014)

Our results show that individual motor cortical neurons encode many parameters of movement, that object interaction is an important factor when extracting these signals, and that high-dimensional operation of prosthetic devices can be achieved with simple decoding algorithms. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01364480.
Unique features of optical scanning, single fiber endoscopy*** (2002)

This fiber scanning scope has the potential for pixel-accurate delivery of high quality laser radiation, allowing the future integration of imaging with diagnosis and therapy.
rAAV Human Trial Experience (2011)

Recombinant AAV vectors have been used in clinical trials since the mid-1990s, with over 300 subjects enrolled in studies. Although there are not yet licensed AAV products, there are several clear examples of clinical efficacy, and recombinant AAV vectors have a strong safety record after administration both locally and systemically. This chapter provides a review of two types of studies that have shown efficacy, including studies for Leber's congenital amaurosis, a hereditary retinal degenerative disorder in which subretinal administration of AAV has shown efficacy in terms of improvement in multiple measures of visual/retinal function; and of Parkinson's disease which has also shown improvement in clinical and imaging studies after gene transfer to the CNS. The chapter also provides a detailed review of the results of studies of gene therapy for hemophilia, in which short-term efficacy was achieved, but expression of the donated gene failed to persist, likely due to an immune response to the vector. Safety issues relating to AAV-mediated gene transfer are discussed, including a detailed review of the single death to have occurred in an AAV gene therapy trial (likely unrelated to the AAV vector), and of issues related to integration and insertional mutagenesis, risk of germline transmission, and risks related to immune responses to either vector or transgene product. Finally, protocols for determining the presence of vector DNA in body fluids using real-time quantitative PCR, and for isolating, cryopreserving, and testing peripheral blood mononuclear cells for interferon-γ (IFN-γ) responses to capsid are described in detail.
Green house gas emissions from termite ecosystem (2011)

Methanogenic archaea (methanogens) that inhabit the gut of termites generate enormous amount of methane that adds to the global atmospheric methane (CH4). Methane is an important trace gas in the atmosphere, contributing significantly to long wave absorption and bringing in variations into the chemistries of both the troposphere and the stratosphere. In the troposphere, methane acts as a sink for hydroxide (OH) and as a source for carbon monoxide (CO). While in the stratosphere, methane is a sink for chlorine (Cl) molecules and a source of water vapor, which is a dominant greenhouse gas. Analysis has shown that atmospheric concentrations of methane have increased by about 30% over the last 40 years. Such an increase may greatly affect future levels of stratospheric ozone and hence, the climate of the earth. Recent estimates of the total annual source strength of CH4 vary from 400 to 1200 Tg. Activities such as rice cultivation, cattle production, mining, use of fossil fuels and biomass burning is believed to be the cause of increasing methane levels in the atmosphere. To add to this list is the source from termites, which contributes measurable quantities of CH4 ranging from 2 to 150 Tg per year. However, data indicate that while there are large variations in the amount of CH4 produced by different species, the total methane addition due to termites is probably less than 15 Tg per year, thus making a contribution of less than 5% to global CH4 emissions. Furthermore, the review addresses questions related to the biological aspects of termite harboring groups of bacteria that participate in methanogenesis and various other biotechnological potential of unique microbiota as well as possible strategies to mitigate methanogenesis by termite. 

	 

	Key words: Macrotermes, methane, carbondioxide, GHG, methanobacteria, methanosarcina.
Generation of immunoliposomes using recombinant single-chain Fv fragments bound to Ni-NTA-liposomes (2005)

Recombinant single-chain Fv antibody fragments (scFv) can be combined with liposomes to generate immunoliposomes for targeted drug delivery. Recent studies have shown that scFv molecules modified to express a C-terminal cysteine residue can be used for site-directed chemical conjugation. Here, we present a new method by immobilizing scFv fragments via their C-terminal hexahistidyl-tag on liposomes containing Ni-NTA-lipids (Ni-NTA-DOGS) in their lipid bilayer without the need to introduce additional reactive groups in the protein. Using an anti-endoglin scFv as a model antibody, we could show that scFv molecules are efficiently immobilized on the liposome surface and that these immunoliposomes bind specifically and strongly to endoglin-expressing endothelial cells. This approach allows for a rapid and flexible generation of target cell-specific immunoliposomes.
T Cell Priming in Situ by Intratracheally Instilled Antigen-pulsed Dendritic Cells (1993)

In the present study, splenic dendritic cells (DC) and alveolar macrophages (AM) were pulsed with antigen in vitro and subsequently intratracheally instilled to test whether these cells have the capacity to sensitize T cells in the draining lymph nodes of the lung. The data demonstrate that antigen-pulsed DC, instilled in the bronchoalveolar lumen, induce antigen-specific T cell priming in vivo in the draining lymph nodes. T cell priming is only seen with viable but not with killed antigen-pulsed DC. Amounts as low as 5 x 10(3) to 10 x 10(3) cells can still induce some responsiveness. In addition, it was found that instillation of viable as well as killed pulsed Ia-negative AM also leads to T cell priming, although about 10 times higher numbers of cells had to be used in comparison with DC. The results suggest that DC instilled in the bronchoalveolar lumen present antigen directly to naive T cells, whereas for AM other mechanisms are involved.
Expression and Secretion of Defined Cutinase Variants by Aspergillus awamori (1998)

Several cutinase variants derived by molecular modelling and site-directed mutagenesis of a cutinase gene from Fusarium solani pisi are poorly secreted by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The majority of these variants are successfully produced by the filamentous fungus Aspergillus awamori. However, the L51S and T179Y mutations caused reductions in the levels of extracellular production of two cutinase variants by A. awamori. Metabolic labelling studies were performed to analyze the bottleneck in enzyme production by the fungus in detail. These studies showed that because of the single L51S substitution, rapid extracellular degradation of cutinase occurred. The T179Y substitution did not result in enhanced sensitivity towards extracellular proteases. Presumably, the delay in the extracellular accumulation of this cutinase variant is caused by the enhanced hydrophobicity of the molecule. Overexpression of the A. awamori gene encoding the chaperone BiP in the cutinase-producing A. awamori strains had no significant effect on the secretion efficiency of the cutinases. A cutinase variant with the amino acid changes G28A, A85F, V184I, A185L, and L189F that was known to aggregate in the endoplasmic reticulum of S. cerevisiae, resulting in low extracellular protein levels, was successfully produced by A. awamori. An initial bottleneck in secretion occurred before or during translocation into the endoplasmic reticulum but was rapidly overcome by the fungus.
Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide catalyzed by [Pd(triphosphine)(solvent)](BF4)2 complexes: synthetic and mechanistic studies (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide catalyzed by [Pd(triphosphine)(solvent)](BF4)2 complexes: synthetic and mechanistic studiesDaniel L. DuBois, Alex Miedaner, and R. Curtis HaltiwangerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 23, 8753–8764Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00023a023https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00023a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2152Altmetric-Citations163LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Salivary HOTAIR and PVT1 as novel biomarkers for early pancreatic cancer (2016)

Sensitive and non-invasive biomarkers for pancreatic cancer (PC) are lacking. We aimed to identify salivary long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as biomarkers in diagnosis of resectable PC. Five well-documented lncRNAs: H19, HOTAIR, HOTTIP, MALAT1, PVT1, which are most closely associated with pancreatic cancer from previous studies were selected as putative lncRNA biomarkers. Their expression in pancreatic tissues and saliva of cancer patients and healthy controls was measured by quantification polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Compared with benign pancreatic tumour (BPT) and normal pancreatic tissues (NPT), HOTAIR, HOTTIP and PVT1 were significantly up-regulated in pancreatic cancer tissues (PCT). As compared to BPT or healthy groups, the salivary levels of HOTAIR and PVT1 were significantly higher in PC group. They were significantly reduced after the curative pancreatectomy. Both salivary lncRNAs distinguished PC patients from healthy controls and BPT patients with sensitivities and specificities ranging from 60-97%. The expression of salivary HOTAIR and PVT1 did not differ significantly between healthy controls and any one of eight leading cancers worldwide. Collectively, our findings indicate that salivary HOTAIR and PVT1 show potential as novel non-invasive biomarkers for detecting PC.
Structure-function relationships for polysaccharide-induced intra-abdominal abscesses (1994)

We have previously shown that in an animal model of sepsis positively and negatively charged groups on polysaccharide A of Bacteroides fragilis are essential for the induction of intra-abdominal abscess formation (A. O. Tzianabos, A. B. Onderdonk, B. Rosner, R. L. Cisneros, and D. L. Kasper, Science 262:416-419, 1993). By introducing chemical modifications into the structures of B. fragilis polysaccharide B as well as other abscess-inducing bacterial polysaccharides, we observed the following. (i) The presence of a nonacetylated free amino group on these polysaccharides appears to be required for abscess induction. (ii) No specific type of negatively charged group is essential to abscess induction by these polysaccharides. (iii) The density of free amino groups on these polysaccharides influences this pathobiologic host response.
Assembly and aggregation properties of synthetic Alzheimer's A4/beta amyloid peptide analogs. (1992)

The amyloid A4 or beta peptide is a major component of extracellular amyloid deposits that are a characteristic feature of Alzheimer's disease. We synthesized a series of peptide analogs of the A4/beta peptide which are progressively longer at their carboxyl termini, including 42- and 39-residue peptides which represent the major forms of the A4/beta peptide in senile plaque and the hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis form, respectively. All peptides tested, beta 1-28 through beta 1-42, formed amyloid-like fibrils and previously unreported thin sheet-like structures which stained with thioflavin T and Congo Red. The solubility of beta 1-42 and shorter peptides was pH and concentration dependent, with a broad insolubility profile in the pH range of 3.5-6.5 and at concentrations above 0.75 mg/ml. Only peptides of 42 residues or longer were significantly insoluble at pH 7.4. beta 1-47 and beta 1-52 peptides are highly insoluble in aqueous media but are soluble at 40 mg/ml in the alpha helix-promoting solvent, 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that the beta 1-42 peptide migrates as a series of higher molecular mass aggregates whereas shorter peptides migrate as monomers. Aggregation is also dependent on pH, peptide concentration, and time of incubation in aqueous medium. These results indicate that the length of the hydrophobic carboxyl terminus of the A4/beta peptide is important in determining the solubility and aggregation properties of the A4/beta peptide and that acid pH environment, high peptide concentration, and long incubation time would be predicted to be important factors in promoting amyloid deposition.
Risk Factors for Cutaneous Melanoma (1987)

Cutaneous melanoma is rapidly becoming a potentially curable cancer if it is detected and properly treated in an early phase of development. Unlike other cancers, which are usually hidden from detection until they are relatively large or metastatic disease has occurred, cutaneous melanoma is readily detectable simply by examining the skin. Information is now available that will be useful in selecting individuals at greatest risk. The most important melanoma risk factors (in decreasing order of importance) for a given individual are as follows: a persistently changed or changing mole, adulthood, irregular varieties of pigmented lesions (including dysplastic moles and lentigo maligna), a congenital mole, Caucasian race, a previous cutaneous melanoma, a family history of cutaneous melanoma, immunosuppression, sun sensitivity, and excessive sun exposure. Selective screening and appropriate treatment of individuals who have these risk factors may reduce the morbidity and mortality of cutaneous melanoma.
Road Safety Awareness Programmes (1995)

Some of the performance measures that may be used for the evaluation of road safety awareness programs and the desirability of strategies such as enforcement to achieve shifts in behavior and attitudes in the community are discussed. Key recommendations for improving the outcomes if road safety awareness programs are highlighted.