gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Plasma etch of AZ5206/Cr and ZEP7000/Cr for 0.18- to 0.25-μm-generation advanced mask fabrication (1998)

Fabrication of 0.18 micrometers generation clearfield logic device photomask with plasma etch was compared with wet etch method in current 0.25 micrometers mask technology. Spatial consistency between the resist develop and plasma etch modules was critical to achieve < 25 nm CD rng manufacturable process. CD linearity for 0.6 to 3.0 micrometers lines and isolated-nested CD bias for 1.0 micrometers lines were both improved with the plasma etch process. Resist loading and proximity effect is critical for plasma etched clearfield mask and can account for up to 20 nm range of overall CD budget.
Patients with polycythemia vera have worst impairment of quality of life among patients with newly diagnosed myeloproliferative neoplasms (2013)

The quality of life (QoL) at the time of diagnosis of myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) has, to date, not been studied. One hundred and seventy-nine patients with MPN: 80 with essential thrombocythemia (ET), 73 with polycythemia vera (PV), 22 with primary myelofibrosis (PMF) and four with MPN undifferentiated, were included in this study. European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (EORTC-QLQC30) and the MPN-Symptom Assessment Form (MPN-SAF) were used to evaluate QoL. Fatigue was the most reported symptom in these patients. Patients with PV reported significantly higher mean scores for inactivity, dizziness, cough, itching, depression and lower total QoL compared to patients with ET. Patients with PV had significantly more headache and itching compared to patients with PMF. When the newly diagnosed patients with MPN were compared with a cohort of patients with MPN with mean disease duration of 7.8 years, the differences were most striking for patients with PMF, with significantly more fatigue, abdominal discomfort, concentration problems, insomnia, fever, weight loss and lower overall QoL developed over time.
Pain management by a new series of dual inhibitors of enkephalin degrading enzymes: long lasting antinociceptive properties and potentiation by CCK2 antagonist or methadone (2003)

The discovery that the endogenous morphine-like peptides named enkephalins are inactivated by two metallopeptidases, neutral endopeptidase and aminopeptidase N, which can be blocked by dual inhibitors, represents a promising way to develop 'physiological' analgesics devoid of the side effects of morphine. A new series of dual aminophosphinic inhibitors of the two enkephalin-catabolizing enzymes has been recently designed. In this study, one of these inhibitors, RB3007, was tested in various assays commonly used to select analgesics (mouse hot-plate test, rat tail-flick test, writhing and formalin tests in mice, and paw pressure test in rats), and the extracellular levels of the endogenous enkephalins in the ventrolateral periaqueductal grey have been measured by microdialysis after systemic administration of RB3007. In the mouse hot-plate test, the dual inhibitor induced long-lasting (2 h) antinociceptive effects with a maximum of 35% analgesia 60 min after i.v. or i.p. administration. These antinociceptive responses were antagonized by prior injection of naloxone (0.1 mg/kg, s.c.). Similar long lasting effects were observed in the other animal models used. Very interestingly, injection of RB3007 (50 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly increased (82%) the extracellular levels of Met-enkephalin with a peak 60 min after i.p. injection. This increase parallels the antinociceptive responses observed. In addition, strong facilitatory effects of subanalgesic doses of the CCK(2) receptor antagonist, PD-134,308 or the synthetic opioid agonist, methadone on RB3007-induced antinociceptive responses were observed. These findings may constitute promising data for future development of a new class of analgesics that could be of major interest in a number of severe and persistent pain syndromes.
Targeted Therapy With the T-Cell–Engaging Antibody Blinatumomab of Chemotherapy-Refractory Minimal Residual Disease in B-Lineage Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Patients Results in High Response Rate and Prolonged Leukemia-Free Survival (2011)

Blinatumomab is an efficacious and well-tolerated treatment in patients with MRD-positive B-lineage ALL after intensive chemotherapy. T cells engaged by blinatumomab seem capable of eradicating chemotherapy-resistant tumor cells that otherwise cause clinical relapse.
Mammalian TOR: A Homeostatic ATP Sensor (2001)

The bacterial macrolide rapamycin is an efficacious anticancer agent against solid tumors. In a hypoxic environment, the increase in mass of solid tumors is dependent on the recruitment of mitogens and nutrients. When nutrient concentrations change, particularly those of essential amino acids, the mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) functions in regulatory pathways that control ribosome biogenesis and cell growth. In bacteria, ribosome biogenesis is independently regulated by amino acids and adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Here we demonstrate that the mTOR pathway is influenced by the intracellular concentration of ATP, independent of the abundance of amino acids, and that mTOR itself is an ATP sensor.
Spectral unmixing (2002)

Spectral unmixing using hyperspectral data represents a significant step in the evolution of remote decompositional analysis that began with multispectral sensing. It is a consequence of collecting data in greater and greater quantities and the desire to extract more detailed information about the material composition of surfaces. Linear mixing is the key assumption that has permitted well-known algorithms to be adapted to the unmixing problem. In fact, the resemblance of the linear mixing model to system models in other areas has permitted a significant legacy of algorithms from a wide range of applications to be adapted to unmixing. However, it is still unclear whether the assumption of linearity is sufficient to model the mixing process in every application of interest. It is clear, however, that the applicability of models and techniques is highly dependent on the variety of circumstances and factors that give rise to mixed pixels. The outputs of spectral unmixing, endmember, and abundance estimates are important for identifying the material composition of mixtures.
Product data integration in B2B e-commerce (2001)

To overcome current bottlenecks in business-to-business (B2B) electronic commerce, we need intelligent solutions for mechanizing the process of structuring, standardizing, aligning and personalizing data. This article surveys the overall content management process and discusses requirements for its scalable support.
Fluorescence Identification of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma and High-Risk Oral Dysplasia With BLZ-100, a Chlorotoxin-Indocyanine Green Conjugate (2016)

BLZ-100 is a sensitive and specific marker of HNSCC and can distinguish high-risk from low-risk dysplasia. BLZ-100 has the potential to serve as an intraoperative guide for tumor margin excision and identification of premalignant lesions.
Herpesvirus DNA Detection in Cerebral Spinal Fluid: Differences in Clinical Presentation between Alpha-, Beta-, and Gamma-Herpesviruses (2000)

To evaluate the role of 6 human herpesviruses (cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6), herpes simplex virus (HSV) types 1 and 2 and varicella zoster virus (VZV)) in infections of the nervous system, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from 662 patients with suspected viral aetiology to neurological symptoms were investigated for presence of herpesviral DNA in a PCR-based study. Of the 69 patients (2 patients had 2 herpesvirus DNA detected in CSF) who had herpesvirus DNA detected in the CSF, 60 (87%) were non-immunocompromised (CMV 7; HHV-6 6; EBV 16; HSV-1 18; HSV-2 9 and VZV 6) and 9 (13%) were immunocompromised (CMV 3; HHV-6 0; EBV 5; HSV-1 0; HSV-2 1 and VZV 0). The study was performed in a retrospective/prospective manner. The HSV-1, HSV-2, VZV and CMV DNA-positive patients usually had typical clinical syndromes, such as encephalitis/myelitis and meningitis, but also other neurological conditions were associated with findings of these viruses. HHV-6 and EBV DNA were detected in patients presenting with a variety of neurological symptoms, and in some of the cases, concurrent with diagnosis of other infections of the central nervous system. Despite the overall variability of clinical conditions seen, a pattern associated with each investigated herpesvirus was discernable as regards clinical presentation.
An automated system for LSI fine pattern inspection based on comparison of SEM images and CAD data (2002)

This paper describes a new visual inspection system that can reliably detect fine defects as small as 0.1 /spl mu/m in mask/wafer patterns on the basis of comparison between scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images and design data. The chip-to-CAD comparison makes it possible to reliably detect significant defects that commonly occur in all chips on a mask/wafer. To cope with the difficult problems that arise when comparing heavily deteriorated SEM images with CAD patterns, new visual inspection algorithms are proposed for the thresholding for extracting pattern portions, correction of image positional displacements, and extraction and classification of significant defects. An automated system featuring parallel/pipeline processing and a simple and flexible structure has been constructed taking the complicated processing of deteriorating SEM images into account. When the input image resolution is set to 0.05 /spl mu/m/pixel, experiments confirm 0.1 /spl mu/m defects are unfailingly detected with the throughput of 1/spl sim/2 sec/frame. The proposed system is expected to make a substantial contribution to forthcoming developments in the visual inspection of very fine mask/wafer patterns.
Glucocorticoids inhibit mitochondrial matrix acyl-CoA dehydrogenases and fatty acid beta-oxidation (1997)

Glucocorticoid administration may produce fatty liver in humans. We investigated the effects of dexamethasone on hepatic mitochondria and lipid metabolism in mice. Dexamethasone 21-phosphate (20 microM) did not inhibit the mitochondrial inner membrane-bound very-long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase but inhibited the matrixlocated long-, medium-, and short-chain dehydrogenases. Dexamethasone 21-phosphate (20 microM) inhibited the first beta-oxidation cycle of [1-(14C)]butyric acid and [1-(14C)]octanoic acid but not that of [1-(14C)]palmitic acid. Administration of dexamethasone 21-phosphate (100 mg/kg) decreased the in vivo oxidation of [1-(14C)]butyric acid and [1-(14C)]octanoic acid into [14C]CO2 but not that of [1-(14C)]palmitic acid and decreased the hepatic secretion of triglycerides. After 5 days of treatment (100 mg/kg daily), hepatic triglycerides were increased and both microvesicular steatosis and ultrastructural mitochondrial lesions were present. In conclusion, glucocorticoids inhibit medium- and short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenation and hepatic lipid secretion in mice. These effects may account for their steatogenic effects in humans.
A freeze-dried injectable form of ibuprofen: development and optimisation using response surface methodology. (1997)

In this study a complex of Ibuprofen and b-Hydroxypropylcyclodextrin was prepared employing a freeze drying method. The production parameters and the final specifications of this product were optimized by using response surface methodology. The results show that the freeze dried complex meets the requirements for solubility to be considered as a possible injectable form.
Human chromosome 11 contains two different growth suppressor genes for embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. (1992)

The identification of acquired homozygosity in human cancers implies locations of tumor suppressor genes without providing functional evidence. The localization of a defect in embryonal rhabdomyosarcomas to chromosomal region 11p15 provides one such example. In this report, we show that transfer of a normal human chromosome 11 into an embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma cell line elicited a dramatic loss of the proliferative capacity of the transferrants. Indeed, the majority of the viable microcell hybrids had either eliminated genetic information on the short arm of the transferred chromosome 11 or increased the copy number of the rhabdomyosarcoma-derived chromosomes 11. Cells that possessed only the long arm of chromosome 11 also demonstrated a decreased growth rate. In contrast, all microcell hybrids retained the ability to form tumors upon inoculation into animals. These functional data support molecular studies indicating loss of genetic information on chromosome 11p15 during the development of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. In addition, our studies demonstrate the existence of a second gene on the long arm, previously unrecognized by molecular analyses, which negatively regulates the growth of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines.
ℓ 1 -Based Construction of Polycube Maps from Complex Shapes (2014)

Polycube maps of triangle meshes have proved useful in a wide range of applications, including texture mapping and hexahedral mesh generation. However, constructing either fully automatically or with limited user control a low-distortion polycube from a detailed surface remains challenging in practice. We propose a variational method for deforming an input triangle mesh into a polycube shape through minimization of the ℓ 1 -norm of the mesh normals, regularized via an as-rigid-as-possible volumetric distortion energy. Unlike previous work, our approach makes no assumption on the orientation, or on the presence of features in the input model. User-guided control over the resulting polycube map is also offered to increase design flexibility. We demonstrate the robustness, efficiency, and controllability of our method on a variety of examples, and explore applications in hexahedral remeshing and quadrangulation.
Local Anesthetics. I. β-Monoalkylaminoethyl Esters of Alkoxybenzoic Acids1 (1942)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLocal Anesthetics. I. β-Monoalkylaminoethyl Esters of Alkoxybenzoic Acids1J. Stanton Pierce, J. M. Salsbury, and J. M. FredericksenCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1942, 64, 7, 1691–1694Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1942Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1942https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01259a062https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01259a062research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views481Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Tyrosine phosphorylated proteins in different tissues during chick embryo development. (1988)

A high affinity polyclonal antibody specific for phosphotyrosyl residues has been used in immunoblotting experiments to survey developing embryonic chicken tissues for the presence and characteristics of tyrosine phosphorylated proteins. Proteins phosphorylated on tyrosine were found to be present in all the embryonic tissues examined, including heart, thigh, gizzard, intestine, lung, liver, kidney, brain, and lens, from 7 to 21 d of development in ovo, but were greatly reduced or absent in the same tissues taken from adult chickens. A limited number of major tyrosine phosphorylated proteins were seen in all the tissues examined and they ranged in molecular mass from 35 to 220 kD. Most of the tissues contained proteins phosphorylated on tyrosine with apparent molecular masses of 120, 70, 60, and 35 kD, suggesting that the substrates of tyrosine protein kinases in different tissues may be related proteins. One-dimensional peptide mapping of the 120- and 70-kD protein bands indicated a close structural relationship among the phosphotyrosine-containing proteins of 120 kD, and similarly among those of 70 kD, from the different tissues.
Hardware systems for text information retrieval (1983)

As databases become very large, conventional digital computers cannot provide satisfactory response time. This is particularly true for text databases, which must often be several orders of magnitude larger than formatted databases to store a useful amount of information. Even the standard techniques for improving system performance (such as inverted files) may not be sufficient to give the desired performance, and the use of an unconventional hardware organization may become necessary.A variety of different organizations has been proposed to enhance processing of text retrieval operations. Most of these have concentrated on the design of fast, efficient search engines. These can be divided into three classes: associative memories, cellular pattern matchers, and finite state automata. The advantages and disadvantages inherent in each of these approaches are discussed, along with a number of proposed implementations. Finally, the text retrieval system under development at the University of Utah is discussed in more detail.
Efficacy of Biofeedback in the Treatment ofMigraine and Tension Type Headaches (2009)

Biofeedback is an extremely costly and time-consuming treatment modality that, in our study, provided no additional benefit when compared to simple relaxation techniques alone, in the treatment of migraine and tension type headaches in adults.
TGF- and metalloproteinases differentially suppress NKG2D ligand surface expression on malignant glioma cells (2006)

NKG2D ligands (NKG2DL) are expressed by infected and transformed cells. They transmit danger signals to NKG2D-expressing immune cells, leading to lysis of NKG2DL-expressing cells. We here report that the NKG2DL MHC class I-chain-related molecules A and B (MICA/B) and UL16-binding proteins (ULBP) 1-3 are expressed in human brain tumours in vivo, while expression levels are low or undetectable in normal brain. MICA and ULBP2 expression decrease with increasing WHO grade of malignancy, while MICB and ULBP1 are expressed independently of tumour grade. We further delineate two independent mechanisms that can explain these expression patterns: (i) transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) is upregulated during malignant progression and selectively downregulates MICA, ULBP2 and ULBP4 expression, while MICB, ULBP1 and ULBP3 are unaffected. (ii) Cleavage of MICA and ULBP2 is reduced by inhibition of metalloproteinases (MP), whereas no changes in the expression levels of other NKG2DL were detected. Consequently, NKG2DL-dependent NK cell-mediated lysis is enhanced by depletion of TGF-beta or inhibition of MP. Thus, escape from NKG2D-mediated immune surveillance of malignant gliomas in vivo may be promoted by the inhibition of MICA and ULBP2 expression via an autocrine TGF-beta loop and by MP-dependent shedding from the cell surface. Loss of MICA and ULBP2, in contrast to other NKG2DL, may be particularly important in glioma immune escape, and differential regulation of human NKG2DL expression is part of the immunosuppressive properties of human malignant glioma cells.
Inducible gene expression system by 3-hydroxypropionic acid (2015)

3-Hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) is an important platform chemical that boasts a variety of industrial applications. Gene expression systems inducible by 3-HP, if available, are of great utility for optimization of the pathways of 3-HP production and excretion. Here we report the presence of unique inducible gene expression systems in Pseudomonas denitrificans and other microorganisms. In P. denitrificans, transcription of three genes (hpdH, mmsA and hbdH-4) involved in 3-HP degradation was upregulated by 3-HP by the action of a transcriptional regulator protein, LysR, and a cis-acting regulatory site for LysR binding. Similar inducible systems having an LysR transcriptional regulator were identified in other microorganisms that also could degrade 3-HP. A docking study showed that the 3-HP binding pocket is located between the N-terminal helix-turn-helix motif and the C-terminal cofactor-binding domain. This LysR-regulated 3-HP-inducible system should prove useful for control of the level of gene expression in response to 3-HP.
Unified Approach for Molecular Dynamics and Density-Functional Theory (1985)

We present a unified scheme that, by combining molecular dynamics and density-functional theory, profoundly extends the range of both concepts. Our approach extends molecular dynamics beyond the usual pair-potential approximation, thereby making possible the simulation of both covalently bonded and metallic systems. In addition it permits the application of density-functional theory to much larger systems than previously feasible. The new technique is demonstrated by the calculation of some static and dynamic properties of crystalline silicon within a self-consistent pseudopotential framework.
Reversal of sexual dimorphism in splenic T lymphocyte responses after trauma-hemorrhage with aging (2000)

Previous studies have demonstrated that hemorrhagic shock produces immunodepression in young male mice, whereas the immunoresponsiveness in young proestrus female mice is enhanced under such conditions. This sexually dimorphic immune response to hemorrhage appears to be related to high estrogen and testosterone levels in females and males, respectively. Nonetheless, it is unknown what impact the age-related decline in the sex steroid levels has on the immune response after hemorrhage. To study this, young (2-3 mo) and aged (18-19 mo) male and female CBA/J NIA mice were subjected to laparotomy (i.e., soft tissue trauma) and hemorrhage (35 +/- 5 mmHg for 90 min and fluid resuscitation) or sham operation. Twenty-four hours later, splenocyte responses were assessed in vitro. Splenic T lymphocyte responses [i.e., proliferation, interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) release] were depressed in young males and enhanced in young females after trauma-hemorrhage. In contrast, in the aged male and female groups these parameters of splenocyte function were reversed after trauma-hemorrhage (i.e., increased proliferation and IL-2 release in aged males compared with suppressed proliferation and IFN-gamma release in aged females). Furthermore, the release of the immunosuppressive cytokine IL-10 inversely correlated with the age- and gender-related changes in splenocyte responses after trauma-hemorrhage. Thus the sexually dimorphic immune response in young males and females to trauma-hemorrhage appears to reverse as sex hormone levels decline with age.