gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Predominant deposition of amyloid-beta 42(43) in plaques in cases of Alzheimer's disease and hereditary cerebral hemorrhage associated with mutations in the amyloid precursor protein gene. (1996)

Amyloid (A beta) deposition was investigated in cases of Alzheimer's disease and hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis, Dutch type, due to mutations in the amyloid precursor protein (APP) gene using the end-specific monoclonal antibodies BA27 and BC05 that recognize A beta 40 or A beta 42(43), respectively. In cases of APP717 mutation the predominant A beta species within plaques terminate at A beta 42(43) with relatively little A beta 40 being present. The total amount of A beta deposited as A beta 42(43) is significantly greater than in sporadic Alzheimer's disease, consistent with the suggestion that this mutation might influence the processing of APP so as to produce more of the highly aggregatable form, A beta 1-42. In cases of APP670/671 mutation the major peptide in plaques is also A beta 42(43), although the proportion of plaques containing A beta 40, and the total A beta load is similar to that in sporadic Alzheimer's disease. As in sporadic Alzheimer's disease, the vascular amyloid in APP670/671 and APP717 and in cases of hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis, Dutch type is predominantly A beta 40 in this latter disorder, however, parenchymal deposits are exclusively A beta 42(43). Although the various APP mutations may influence the type, quantity, and location of A beta deposited, the predominant, and possibly the initial, species deposited in the brain parenchyma is A beta 42(43).
New treatments associated with timed artificial insemination in small ruminants (2004)

Timed artificial insemination (TAI) is a very important tool in production systems, as it has a direct impact on cost-efficiency by reducing labour resulting from oestrus detection. However, to make TAI commercially feasible, hormonal treatments need to assure acceptable pregnancy rates and be economically viable. Recent advances in the knowledge of ovarian physiology (e.g. determination of follicular waves, sensitivity of the early corpus luteum) in small ruminants allowed the development of new treatments focused on an efficient estimation and synchronisation of the time of ovulation of the females of a treated flock/herd. In this review we summarise new information and concepts in the hormonal control of the life span of the corpus luteum, as well as methods to manipulate follicular growth in small ruminants. Additionally, we elaborate on recent studies concerning the use of TAI associated with short progestogen treatment in goats and the newly developed Synchrovine™ protocol (two doses of prostaglandin F2a given seven days apart) in sheep.
Drying, Harvesting and Storage Characteristics of Perennial Grasses as Biomass Feedstocks (2006)

Reed canarygrass and switchgrass were established on 4 ha plots so that crop drying rate, baling rate, bale density, storage losses, and quality changes could be determined. In a single-cut system, switchgrass yield was 8% greater than reed canarygrass in the second year of production. Reed canarygrass yield was 14% greater in a two cutting system than a single cut system. Initial moisture at cutting was 58 to 47% (w.b.) for reed canarygrass and 66 to 46% (w.b.) for switchgrass. When crop yield was similar, switchgrass tended to dry faster than reed canarygrass. When crop was placed in a wide-swath by tedding, it was possible to achieve baling moisture (< 20% w.b.) in a single day. Bale density averaged 163 kg DM/m3 with no significant differences between crops or type of wrap (twine or net). Dry bales stored outdoors for 9 and 11 months averaged 3.4, 7.7, 8.3, and 14.9% DM loss for bales wrapped with plastic film, net wrap, plastic twine, and sisal twine, respectively. Bales stored indoors averaged 3.0% DM loss. The most uniform biomass feedstock was generated by storing indoors or ensiling in a tube of plastic film. Preservation by ensiling in a tube of plastic film produced average DM losses of 1.1%. Baling and then ensiling without field wilting was successful.
Membranes prepared from keratin–polyacrylonitrile graft copolymers (1980)

Abstract Graft copolymerization of acrylonitrile onto a soluble wool keratin derivative was studied with the reduced and carboxymethylated low‐sulfur protein fraction from wool. Copolymerization was carried out under a variety of conditions with a redox system of (NH 4 ) 2 S 2 O 8 –Na 2 SO 3 in 60% (w/w) aqueous ZnCl 2 solution at 10°C. Monomer conversions higher than 90% were obtained by the stepwise addition of initiator. The graft products were successfully separated into grafted copolymer and homopolyacrylonitrile (PAN) by fractional precipitation or solvent extraction with DMF. Grafted PAN were isolated by acid hydrolysis of the keratin backbone. Characterization of grafted and homo‐PAN was carried out by IR spectroscopy, amino acid endgroup analysis, and viscometry. On the basis of the results, effects of polymerization conditions on grafting parameters were discussed. Membranes were prepared from 60% aqueous ZnCl 2 solution by using ice‐cold water as the regenerating medium. All the membranes formed from the graft products were transparent. Observation by scanning electron microscopy showed that the surface consisted of rather spherical keratin domains regularly distributed in the PAN matrix. Selective hydrolysis of the keratin domains allowed a new type of porous PAN membrane to be obtained, with the inner walls of the pores being charged with amino acid residues attached to PAN chains as the endgroup.
Simple Fabrication of Antibody Microarrays on Nonfouling Polymer Brushes with Femtomolar Sensitivity for Protein Analytes in Serum and Blood (2009)

A multianalyte antibody array that is spotted on a poly(oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate) brush 100 nm thick, grown on glass via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization, has femtomolar limit-of-detection (LOD) of cytokines in serum and whole blood, and a dynamic range of six orders of magnitude for a range of protein analytes. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Immunosuppressive Properties of a Peptic Fragment of BSA (1977)

The immunogenic properties of a peptic fragment of BSA were investigated. BSA was subjected to limited proteolysis by pepsin and the resulting fragments were separated on DEAE cellulose. The fragment under consideration, Fraction Ia (m.w. 8000 to 10,000), did not precipitate with anti-BSA serum but did inhibi, the binding of specific antibody to labeled BSA, indicating the presence of determinants found on the native antigen. BDF1 mice immunized with Fraction Ia in A1 (OH)3 gel or in complete Freund's adjuvant produced no significant antibody response as measured by passive cutaneous anaphylited a (PCA) or by a modified Farr assay. The fragment elicited a PCA reaction in mouse skin sensitized with anti-BSA serum. Treatment of mice with single doses of Fraction Ia at various time intervals before immunization with BSA resulted in significant suppression of the formation of anti-BSA antibody. The conditions of suppresion of the IgE response by the peptic fragment were studied in greater detail. Evidence is presented that such suppression can be attributed to the presence of specific T suppressor cells in our system.
Polyvalente Wechselwirkungen in biologischen Systemen: Auswirkungen auf das Design und die Verwendung multivalenter Liganden und Inhibitoren (1998)

Überall in der Biologie kommen polyvalente Wechselwirkungen vor. Sie zeichnen sich durch die gleichzeitige Bindung mehrerer Liganden einer biologischen Einheit an mehrere Rezeptoren einer anderen biologischen Einheit aus (oberer Teil der Graphik) und haben eine Reihe von Charakteristika, die monovalenten Wechselwirkungen fehlen (unten). Besonders im Verbund können polyvalente Wechselwirkungen viel stärker sein als entsprechende monovalente Wechselwirkungen, und sie können die Basis für das Verständnis fördernder und hemmender biologischer Wechselwirkungen liefern, die sich grundsätzlich von denen in monovalenten Systemen unterscheiden.
Diverse Hepatitis C Virus Glycoproteins Mediate Viral Infection in a CD81-Dependent Manner (2004)

We recently reported that retroviral pseudotypes bearing the hepatitis C virus (HCV) strain H and Con1 glycoproteins, genotype 1a and 1b, respectively, require CD81 as a coreceptor for virus-cell entry and infection. Soluble truncated E2 cloned from a number of diverse HCV genotypes fail to interact with CD81, suggesting that viruses of diverse origin may utilize different receptors and display altered cell tropism. We have used the pseudotyping system to study the tropism of viruses bearing diverse HCV glycoproteins. Viruses bearing these glycoproteins showed a 150-fold range in infectivity for hepatoma cells and failed to infect lymphoid cells. The level of glycoprotein incorporation into particles varied considerably between strains, generally reflecting the E2 expression level within transfected cells. However, differences in glycoprotein incorporation were not associated with virus infectivity, suggesting that infectivity is not limited by the absolute level of glycoprotein. All HCV pseudotypes failed to infect HepG2 cells and yet infected the same cells after transduction to express human CD81, confirming the critical role of CD81 in HCV infection. Interestingly, these HCV pseudotypes differed in their ability to infect HepG2 cells expressing a panel of CD81 variants, suggesting subtle differences in the interaction of CD81 residues with diverse viral glycoproteins. Our current model of HCV infection suggests that CD81, together with additional unknown liver specific receptor(s), mediate the virus-cell entry process.
Activation of human factor IX (Christmas factor). (1978)

Human Factor IX (Christmas factor) is a single-chain plasma glycoprotein (mol wt 57,000) that participates in the middle phase of the intrinsic pathway of blood coagulation. It is present in plasma as a zymogen and is converted to a serine protease, Factor IXabeta, by Factor XIa (activated plasma thromboplastin antecedent) in the presence of calcium ions. In the activation reaction, two internal peptide bonds are hydrolyzed in Factor IX. These cleavages occur at a specific arginyl-alanine peptide bond and a specific arginyl-valine peptide bond. This results in the release of an activation peptide (mol wt approximately equal to 11,000) from the internal region of the precursor molecule and the generation of Factor IXabeta (mol wt approximately equal to 46,000). Factor IXabeta is composed of a light chain (mol wt approximately equal to 18,000) and a heavy chain (mol wt approximately equal to 28,000), and these chains are held together by a disulfide bond(s). The light chain originates from the amino terminal portion of the precursor molecule and has an amino terminal sequence of Tyr-Asn-Ser-Gly-Lys. The heavy chain originates from the carboxyl terminal region of the precursor molecule and contains an amino terminal sequence of Val-Val-Gly-Gly-Glu. The heavy chain of Factor IXabeta also contains the active site sequence of Phe-Cys-Ala-Gly-Phe-His-Glu-Gly-Arg-Asp-Ser-Cys-Gln-Gly-Asp-SER-Gly-Gly-Pro. The active site serine residue is shown in capital letters. Factor IX is also converted to Factor IXaalpha by a protease from Russell's viper venom. This activation reaction, however, occurs in a single step and involves only the cleavage of the internal arginyl-valine peptide bond. Human Factor IXabeta was inhibited by human antithrombin III by the formation of a one-to-one complex of enzyme and inhibitor. In this reaction, the inhibitor was tightly bound to the heavy chain of the enzyme. These data indicate that the mechanism of activation of human Factor IX and its inhibition by antithrombin III is essentially identical to that previously shown for bovine Factor IX.
Restoration of multiple images with motion blur in different directions (2002)

Images degraded by motion blur can be restored when several blurred images are given, and the direction of motion blur in each image is different. Given two motion blurred images, best restoration is obtained when the directions of motion blur in the two images are orthogonal. Motion blur at different directions is common, for example, in the case of small hand-held digital cameras due to fast hand trembling and the light weight of the camera. Restoration examples are given on simulated data as well as on images with real motion blur.
Role of chemokines and chemokine receptors in regulating specific leukocyte trafficking in the immune/inflammatory response. (2004)

Antigen recognition, lymphocyte priming and effector responses in inflamed tissues depend on a coordinated and sequential series of events that take place in different anatomical compartments. The integration of these processes is favoured by the dynamic capacity of leukocytes to recirculate between the bloodstream and specific organs and to navigate inside the tissues in a programmed fashion, regulated by a complex interaction of cell adhesion molecules and soluble chemoattractants, in particular chemokines. In this review we discuss the role of chemokines and chemokine receptors in regulating leukocyte trafficking in different anatomical sites in the context of distinct functional phases of the immune/inflammatory response.
Ebony Magazine Archive (2022)

The Ebony Magazine Archive is a very important African-American cultural resource of images, news, entertainment, and much more between the years 1945-2014. It is a primary resource database geared toward academic research in the humanities, but other disciplines may also benefit from the rich content of the archive. Most specifically researchers in art, cultural studies, history, literature, mass media, music, business, and marketing would benefit from the photographs, cartoon/comic strips, advertisements, film reviews, and news reports. In addition, it provides essential images of key African American figures, businesses, and artists. The searching and search results interface lets the user explore by content type, Boolean/phrases, and SmartText searching among other filters. All content is available through PDF for great accessibility and convenience.
Discrimination of 5‘-GGGG-3‘, 5‘-GCGC-3‘, and 5‘-GGCC-3‘ Sequences in the Minor Groove of DNA by Eight-Ring Hairpin Polyamides (1997)

Eight-ring hairpin polyamides which differ only by the linear arrangement of pyrrole (Py) and imidazole (Im) amino acids were designed for recognition of six base pair DNA sequences containing four contiguous G,C base pairs. The respective DNA binding properties of three polyamides, ImImPyPy-γ-ImImPyPy-β-Dp, ImPyImPy-γ-ImPyImPy-β-Dp, and ImImImIm-γ-PyPyPyPy-β-Dp, were analyzed by footprinting and affinity cleavage on a DNA fragment containing the respective match sites 5‘-TGGCCA-3‘, 5‘-TGCGCA-3‘, and 5‘-TGGGGA-3‘. Quantitative footprint titrations demonstrate that ImImPyPy-γ-ImImPyPy-β-Dp binds the designed match site 5‘-TGGCCA-3‘ with an equilibrium association constant of Ka = 1 × 1010 M-1 and &gt;250-fold specificity versus the mismatch sequences, 5‘-TGCGCA-3‘ and 5‘-TGGGGA-3‘. The polyamides ImPyImPy-γ-ImPyImPy-β-Dp and ImImImIm-γ-PyPyPyPy-β-Dp recognize their respective 5‘-TGCGCA-3‘ and 5‘-TGGGGA-3‘ match sites with reduced affinity relative to ImImPyPy-γ-ImImPyPy-β-Dp, but again with high specificity with regard to mismatch sites. These results expand the DNA sequence repertoire targeted by pyrrole-imidazole polyamides and identify sequence composition effects which will guide further second-generation polyamide design for DNA recognition.
O-Acylhydroxylamines. I. Synthesis of O-Benzoylhydroxylamine1 (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTO-Acylhydroxylamines. I. Synthesis of O-Benzoylhydroxylamine1Louis A. Carpino, Chester A. Giza, and Barbara A. CarpinoCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1959, 81, 4, 955–957Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1959Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1959https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01513a049https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01513a049research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1437Altmetric-Citations135LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
PI3K rescues the detrimental effects of chronic Akt activation in the heart during ischemia/reperfusion injury (2005)

Acute activation of the serine-threonine kinase Akt is cardioprotective and reduces both infarction and dysfunction after ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI). However, less is known about the chronic effects of Akt activation in the heart, and, paradoxically, Akt is activated in samples from patients with chronic heart failure. We generated Tg mice with cardiac-specific expression of either activated (myristoylated [myr]) or dominant-negative (dn) Akt and assessed their response to IRI in an ex vivo model. While dn-Akt hearts demonstrated a moderate reduction in functional recovery after IRI, no function was restored in any of the myr-Akt-Tg hearts. Moreover, infarcts were dramatically larger in myr-Akt-Tg hearts. Biochemical analyses demonstrated that chronic Akt activation induces feedback inhibition of PI3K activity through both proteasome-dependent degradation of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) and inhibition of transcription of IRS-1 as well as that of IRS-2. To test the functional significance of these signaling changes, we performed in vivo cardiac gene transfer with constitutively active PI3K in myr-Akt-Tg mice. Restoration of PI3K rescued function and reduced injury after IRI. These data demonstrate that PI3K-dependent but Akt-independent effectors are required for full cardioprotection and suggest a mechanism by which chronic Akt activation can become maladaptive.
Treatment of EnteropathogenicEscherichia coliDiarrhea in Cancer Patients: A Series of Three Cases (2018)

Enteropathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> (EPEC) is a common cause of watery diarrhea in children in the developing world and an infrequent cause of significant diarrhea in adult patients. EPEC diarrhea, while not commonly seen in cancer patients, can cause significant distress to patients, and antimicrobial choice for this condition in this patient population is not clearly delineated in the literature. We report 3 cases of EPEC diarrhea in cancer patients and discuss the use of azithromycin for successful treatment of these patients. Positive outcomes were seen while using azithromycin in our first two patients and ciprofloxacin in our third patient.
The Effect of Endogenous and Exogenous Estradiol-17β on the Release of Prostaglandin F2αfrom the Ovine Uterus (1974)

Utero-ovarian vein blood was collected via indwelling cannulae at 2-hr intervals from 6 conscious cycling ewes, either from the uterus in situ or from the autotransplanted uterus. Radioimmunoassays were used to analyze plasma samples for progesterone (P) estradiol-17β (E2-17β) luteinizing hormone (LH) and prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α-confirined by GLC/mass spec). Although peaks of E2-17β (12 to 42 pg/ml) occurred throughout the estrous cycle (including the day 3–4 peak) it was not until day 13 or 14 that peaks of PGF2α (3 to 8.5 ng/ml) were associated with E2-17β peaks (12 to 132 pg/ml). Larger peaks of PGF2 Q (9 to 23.0 ng/ml) lasting 2 hr or less, occurred on day 15 and were associated with the completion of luteal regression as evidenced by a fall in P cone. To determine whether the association of E2-17β peaks with PGF2α peaks was significant and also to determine whether the apparent effect of E2-17β on PGF2a release from the uterus was direct or indirect, a physiological amount of E2-17β (1.0 ng/min) was infused for 6 hr into the arterial supply of the autotransplanted uterus in 4 ewes during the late luteal phase of the estrous cycle. Ninety min after beginning E2-17β infusion, PGF2α release from the uterus (μg/hr) had increased from 1.4 ± 0.5 SE to 102.9 ± 10.7 SE whereas systemic infusion of the same amount of E2-17β was without effect on PGF2α release. These results suggest that E2-17β plays an important, though not exclusive, role in the synthesis and/or release of PGF2α since a prior period of progesterone influence appears to be necessary before E2-17β is effective. In addition, these results indicate that the PGF2α releasing effect of E2-17β is mediated directly on the uterus and not through some indirect mechanism such as the pituitar.y Indomethacin, a known potent inhibitor of PG synthesis, depressed the E2-17β-induced release of PGF2α suggesting that E2-17β induces de novo synthesis of PGF2α and that the observed increase in PGF2α is not solely a release phenomenon. In the early pregnant ewe, while small peaks of PGF2α were observed on days 13 and 14, the larger peaks seen in the cycling animals on days 15 and 16 were absent, suggesting that the presence of an embryo may effectively inhibit the major luteolytic release of PGF2α and thus prevents the onset of cyclic CL regression. (Endocrinology95: 1340, 1974)
Vector Fidelity Analyses of Seabed Seismic Data (2002)

E-03 VECTOR FIDELITY ANALYSES OF SEABED SEISMIC DATA GEIR WOJE EIVIND BERG JON IVAR RYKKELID ØYSTEIN SVENDSEN Abstract 1 The vector fidelity analyses are performed on the first break of three different data sets. RMS mapping modelling polarization analyses and frequency analyses all prove to differentiate the sensors with respect to vector fidelity. One cable sensor and three planted sensors (nodes) are evaluated. There are significant differences between the cable sensor and the planted nodes. The results suggest that cable sensors are not qualified for wide azimuth acquisitions. Introduction During the last years vector fidelity has become a major subject