gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Isospecific Living Polymerization of 1-Hexene by a Readily Available Nonmetallocene C2-Symmetrical Zirconium Catalyst (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTADDITION / CORRECTIONThis article has been corrected. View the notice.Isospecific Living Polymerization of 1-Hexene by a Readily Available Nonmetallocene C2-Symmetrical Zirconium CatalystEdit Y. Tshuva, Israel Goldberg, and Moshe KolView Author Information School of Chemistry Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 43, 10706–10707Publication Date (Web):October 14, 2000Publication History Received7 April 2000Published online14 October 2000Published inissue 1 November 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja001219ghttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja001219grapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views4032Altmetric-Citations409LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Catalysts,Ligands,Molecular structure,Polymerization,Polymers Get e-Alerts
Expression Levels of Transcribed Ultraconserved Regions <i>uc.73</i> and <i>uc.388</i> Are Altered in Colorectal Cancer (2012)

Our preliminary results suggest that uc.73 and uc.388 could be potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in CRC patients.
Molecular mechanics calculations of the structures of polyamide nucleic acid DNA duplexes and triple helical hybrids. (1993)

Polyamide nucleic acids (PNAs) have emerged as useful agents for recognition of single- and double-stranded nucleic acids. Interresidue hydrogen bonds between the amide carbonyl nearest the nucleobase and chain NH moieties provide inherent stability to the helical conformation of PNA 1. Moving the amide carbonyl away from the nucleobase to the backbone, and replacing it with a methylene group, results in 2 lacking the stabilizing hydrogen bond. Oligomers of 2 do not interact with DNA. Modeling suggests that 2 displays a more extended conformation than 1, and nucleobase orientation is disrupted in 2 in the absence of a complementary DNA strand. This is in contrast to 1, which retains a centrosymmetric arrangement of nucleobases. Structures for 1-T10.DNA and (1-T10)2.DNA species spanned by a pyrimidine strand (D-loop) were constructed. In the triple helical (1-T10)2.DNA structure, the two PNA strands form the complementary Watson-Crick paired strand and the Hoogsteen base-paired strand in the major groove of the 1.DNA duplex. The PNA strands are proposed to bind antiparallel to one another in (1-T10)2.DNA structure. The factors suggested to account for the stability of this 2:1 complex are (i) a hydrophobic attraction between two PNA backbones and (ii) a favorable electrostatic effect resulting from replacement of a phosphodiester backbone by a neutral peptide backbone.
The two-component regulatory system ompR-envZ controls the virulence of Shigella flexneri (1990)

In Shigella flexneri, the ompB locus (containing the ompR and envZ genes) was found to modulate expression of the vir genes, which are responsible for invasion of epithelial cells. vir gene expression was markedly enhanced under conditions of high osmolarity (300 mosM), similar to that encountered in tissues both extra- and intracellularly. Two ompB mutants were constructed and tested for virulence and for osmotic regulation of vir genes. An envZ::Tn10 mutant remained invasive, although its virulence was significantly decreased as a result of its inability to survive intracellularly. By using a vir::lac operon fusion, this mutation was shown to decrease beta-galactosidase expression both in low- and high-osmolarity conditions but did not affect vir expression in response to changes in osmolarity. A delta ompB deletion mutant was also constructed via allelic exchange with an in vitro-mutagenized ompB locus of Escherichia coli. This mutation severely impaired virulence and abolished expression of the vir::lac fusion in both low- and high-osmolarity conditions. Therefore, a two-component regulatory system modulates virulence according to environmental conditions. In addition, the mutation affecting a spontaneous avirulent variant of S. flexneri serotype 5, M90T, has been mapped at the ompB locus and was complemented by the cloned E. coli ompB locus. Introduction of the vir::lac fusion into this mutant did not result in the expression of beta-galactosidase (Lac-).
MAD data collection – current trends (1999)

The multiwavelength anomalous dispersion (MAD) method of protein structure determination is becoming a routine technique in protein crystallography. The increased number of wavelength-tuneable synchrotron beamlines capable of performing challenging MAD experiments, coupled with the widespread availability of charge-coupled device (CCD) based X-ray detectors with fast read-out times have brought MAD structure determination to a new exciting level. Ultrafast MAD data collection is now possible and, with the widespread use of selenium in the form of selenomethionine for phase determination, the method is growing in popularity. Recent developments in crystallographic software are complementing the above advances, paving the way for rapid protein structure determination. An overview of a typical MAD experiment is described, with emphasis on the rates and quality of data acquisition now achievable at third-generation synchrotron sources.
Cutting Edge: Depletion of CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cells Is Necessary, But Not Sufficient, for Induction of Organ-Specific Autoimmune Disease (2002)

Thymectomy of BALB/c mice on day 3 of life results in the development of autoimmune gastritis (AIG) due to the absence of CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells. However, depletion of CD4(+)CD25(+) T cells by treatment with anti-CD25 rarely resulted in AIG. Depletion was efficient, as transfer of splenocytes from depleted mice induced AIG in nu/nu mice. One explanation for this result is that CD4(+)CD25(-) T cells upon transfer to nude recipients undergo lymphopenia-induced proliferation, providing a signal for T cell activation. Cotransfer of CD25(+) T cells did not inhibit initial proliferation but did suppress AIG. Surprisingly, immunization with the AIG target Ag, H/K ATPase, in IFA failed to induce disease in normal animals but induced severe AIG in CD25-depleted mice. These results demonstrate that second signals (nonspecific proliferation, TCR activation, or inflammation) are needed for induction of autoimmunity in the absence of CD25(+) regulatory T cells.
Novel Nonnucleoside Inhibitors That Select Nucleoside Inhibitor Resistance Mutations in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase (2006)

Mutations in and around the catalytic site of the reverse transcriptase (RT) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) are associated with resistance to nucleoside RT inhibitors (NRTIs), whereas changes in the hydrophobic pocket of the RT are attributed to nonnucleoside RT inhibitor (NNRTI) resistance. In this study, we report a novel series of nonnucleoside inhibitors of HIV-1, exemplified by VRX-329747 and VRX-413638, which inhibit both NNRTI- and NRTI-resistant HIV-1 isolates. Enzymatic studies indicated that these compounds are HIV-1 RT inhibitors. Surprisingly, however, following prolonged (6 months) tissue culture selection, this series of nonnucleoside inhibitors did not select NNRTI-resistant mutations in HIV-1 RT. Rather, four mutations (M41L, A62T/V, V118I, and M184V) known to cause resistance to NRTIs and two additional novel mutations (S68N and G112S) adjacent to the catalytic site of the enzyme were selected. Although the M184V mutation appears to be the initial mutation to establish resistance, this mutation alone confers only a two- to fourfold decrease in susceptibility to VRX-329747 and VRX-413638. At least two additional mutations must accumulate for significant resistance. Moreover, while VRX-329747-selected viruses are resistant to lamivudine and emtricitabine due to the M184V mutation, they remain susceptible to zidovudine, stavudine, dideoxyinosine, abacavir, tenofovir, and efavirenz. These results directly demonstrate that VRX-329747 and VRX-413638 are novel nonnucleoside inhibitors of HIV-1 RT with the potential to augment current therapies.
<title>Providing end-to-end QoS for multimedia applications in 3G wireless networks</title> (2003)

As the usage of wireless packet data services increases, wireless carriers today are faced with the challenge of offering multimedia applications with QoS requirements within current 3G data networks. End-to-end QoS requires support at the application, network, link and medium access control (MAC) layers. We discuss existing CDMA2000 network architecture and show its shortcomings that prevent supporting multiple classes of traffic at the Radio Access Network (RAN). We then propose changes in RAN within the standards framework that enable support for multiple traffic classes. In addition, we discuss how Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) can be augmented with QoS signaling for supporting end-to-end QoS. We also review state of the art scheduling algorithms at the base station and provide possible extensions to these algorithms to support different classes of traffic as well as different classes of users.
Towards Principled Methods for Training Generative Adversarial Networks (2017)

The goal of this paper is not to introduce a single algorithm or method, but to make theoretical steps towards fully understanding the training dynamics of generative adversarial networks. In order to substantiate our theoretical analysis, we perform targeted experiments to verify our assumptions, illustrate our claims, and quantify the phenomena. This paper is divided into three sections. The first section introduces the problem at hand. The second section is dedicated to studying and proving rigorously the problems including instability and saturation that arize when training generative adversarial networks. The third section examines a practical and theoretically grounded direction towards solving these problems, while introducing new tools to study them.
Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells to Cardiomyocytes (2003)

This is the first demonstration of induction of cardiomyocyte differentiation in hES cells that do not undergo spontaneous cardiogenesis. It provides a model for the study of human cardiomyocytes in culture and could be a step forward in the development of cardiomyocyte transplantation therapies.
Radial growth behavior and characteristics of m-plane In0.16Ga0.84N/GaN MQW nanowires by MOCVD (2013)

We demonstrate the growth of high-quality non-polar (m-plane) and semi-polar (r-plane) multiple quantum well (MQW) nanowires (NWs) for high internal quantum efficiency optoelectronic device applications. Highly aligned InGaN/GaN MQW layers were grown radially on the {1-100} sidewalls of c-axis n-GaN NWs on Si(111) substrates by pulsed flow metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) technique. The photoluminescence (PL) measurements revealed that the wavelength and intensity of the MQW structure with various pairs (5 to 20) were observed to be very stable and easily controlled with indium concentration. The cathodoluminescence (CL) spectrum of individual InGaN/GaN MQW NWs is dominated by the band-edge emission at 369 and 440 nm with a relatively homogeneous profile of parallel alignment. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) studies of radial InGaN/GaN MQW NWs measured along <0001> and <2-1-10> zone axes revealed that the grown NWs were uniform with six non-polar m-plane facets without any dislocations and stacking faults. This kind of high-quality radial NWs are viable high surface area MQW structures for the enhanced efficiency of light emitting diodes.
Feedback activation of factor XI by thrombin in plasma results in additional formation of thrombin that protects fibrin clots from fibrinolysis (1995)

Abstract Recently, an alternative pathway for factor XI activation has been described in which factor XI is activated by thrombin. Patients with a factor XI deficiency bleed mostly from tissues with high local fibrinolytic activity. Therefore, the role of thrombin-mediated factor XI activation in both fibrin formation and fibrinolysis was studied in a plasma system. Clotting was induced by the addition of tissue factor or thrombin to recalcified plasma in the presence or absence of tissue-type plasminogen activator, after which clot formation and lysis were measured using turbidimetry. Thrombin-mediated activation of factor XI was found to take place in plasma under physiologic conditions in the absence of a dextran sulfate-like cofactor. At high tissue factor concentrations, no effect of factor XI was seen on the rate of fibrin formation. Decreasing amounts of tissue factor resulted in a gradually increasing contribution of factor XI to the rate of fibrin formation. In addition, thrombin-mediated factor XI activation resulted in an inhibition of tissue-type plasminogen activator-induced lysis of the clot. This inhibition occurred even at tissue factor concentrations at which no effect of factor XI was observed on fibrin formation. Trace amounts of activated factor XI (1.25 pmol/L, representing 0.01% activation) were capable of completely inhibiting fibrinolysis in our system. The inhibitory effect was found to be mediated by thrombin that is additionally generated in a factor XI-dependent manner via the intrinsic pathway and is capable of protecting the clot against lysis. We also observed that formation of additional thrombin continued after the clot had been formed. We conclude that thrombin-mediated factor XI activation can take place in plasma. The presence of factor XI during coagulation results in the formation of additional thrombin within the clot capable of protecting this clot from fibrinolytic attack. The large amounts of thrombin that are formed by the intrinsic pathway via factor XI may play an important role in the procoagulant and thrombogenic state of clots and may therefore have important clinical and therapeutic implications.
The role of repulsive guidance molecules in the embryonic and adult vertebrate central nervous system (2006)

During the development of the nervous system, outgrowing axons often have to travel long distances to reach their target neurons. In this process, outgrowing neurites tipped with motile growth cones rely on guidance cues present in their local environment. These cues are detected by specific receptors expressed on growth cones and neurites and influence the trajectory of the growing fibres. Neurite growth, guidance, target innervation and synapse formation and maturation are the processes that occur predominantly but not exclusively during embryonic or early post-natal development in vertebrates. As a result, a functional neural network is established, which is usually remarkably stable. However, the stability of the neural network in higher vertebrates comes at an expensive price, i.e. the loss of any significant ability to regenerate injured or damaged neuronal connections in their central nervous system (CNS). Most importantly, neurite growth inhibitors prevent any regenerative growth of injured nerve fibres. Some of these inhibitors are associated with CNS myelin, others are found at the lesion site and in the scar tissue. Traumatic injuries in brain and spinal cord of mammals induce upregulation of embryonic inhibitory or repulsive guidance cues and their receptors on the neurites. An example for embryonic repulsive directional cues re-expressed at lesion sites in both the rat and human CNS is provided with repulsive guidance molecules, a new family of directional guidance cues.
<title>Apply semantic template to support content-based image retrieval</title> (1999)

Content-based multimedia information retrieval is the hot point of researchers in many domains. But traditional feature vector based retrieval method can not provide retrieval on the semantic template automatically in the process of relevance feedback, and construct a network of semantic template with the support of WordNet in the retrieval process, which helps the user to do retrieval on the semantic level. By our approach, in the keyword query of the user, relevant images will be returned to the user by the help of semantic template association even those images are not annotated by keyword. This paper introduces this approach in detail and present an experiment result at the end of this paper.
PEG-urokinase nanogels with enhanced stability and controllable bioactivity (2012)

Protein nanogels were synthesized via a one-step reaction procedure by crosslinking urokinase with benzaldehyde bifunctionalized poly(ethylene glycol). The crosslinked architecture significantly enhances the stability of urokinase against enzyme degradation in comparison with the core–shell structural PEGylated proteins. Meanwhile, bioactivity of the urokinase incorporated in the nanogels can be adjusted by varying the chain length of the corsslinking polymer. With a shorter crosslinker the bioactivity of the uPA nanogels is seriously restricted under physiological conditions. However, the restricted bioactivity can be completely launched by either enlarging the mesh size of the nanogel by using longer crosslinkers, or treating the nanogels in endosomal conditions to dissociate the nanogel structure due to the reversible conjugation chemistry.
O CAOS E OS PROCESSOS CRIATIVOS: PRÁTICAS QUE DESCOLONIZAM OS OLHARES ACERCA DO FAZER TEATRAL (2016)

A discussao aqui proposta tem como base os resultados obtidos em minha dissertacao de mestrado intitulada Memorias em quedas: os viewpoints como experiencia pedagogica na educacao A partir dos conceitos dos viewpoints, conduzi um processo de criacao com aproximadamente 20 adolescentes de uma escola de educacao basica. Eles experienciaram um processo de criacao, utilizando- se da relacao espaco/tempo/memoria, em uma tentativa de aproximar a teatralidade contemporânea da realidade escolar. A teatralidade e entendida aqui em oposicao a literalidade (interpretacao exata e rigorosa) e em consonância com o hibridismo, com o fragmentario e com a inter-relacao entre fronteiras artisticas e esteticas. O carater improvisacional dos viewpoints permitiu que tais aspectos fossem apreendidos pelos estudantes ao longo do processo criativo, cuja experiencia estruturou-se pela otica do caos. Alguns principios da teoria do caos, tais como: a sensibilidade das condicoes iniciais; o principio da incerteza; os sistemas distantes de equilibrios; o principio da complementaridade e a fisica de Lucrecio, foram observados durante o processo de criacao, e tornou o caos um elemento potente que transgrediu e descolonizou a logica da escola acerca da construcao do conhecimento.
Intranasal immunization with liposomes containing IL-2 enhances bacterial polysaccharide antigen-specific pulmonary secretory antibody response (1992)

Secretory IgA (sIgA) present at mucosal surfaces such as the lungs and intestine plays an important role in resistance to infection occurring at these anatomic sites. Because IL-2 and IL-4 can augment B cell proliferation and Ig production, we investigated possible adjuvant effects of these cytokines on bacterial polysaccharide-specific pulmonary sIgA generation. As shown in previous studies, intranasal immunization with liposomes containing bacterial polysaccharide from Aerobacter levanicum and Pseudomonas aeruginosa resulted in increased numbers of bacterial polysaccharide-specific pulmonary plasma cells and sIgA titers, compared with those found in unimmunized mice. Inclusion of IL-2, but not IL-4, into the intranasally administered liposomes further increased titers of bacterial polysaccharide specific sIgA and pulmonary plasma cells. Intranasal vaccination with liposomes containing bacterial polysaccharide and 10 micrograms/kg IL-2 increased bacterial polysaccharide-specific pulmonary plasma cell numbers by more than 80-fold compared with the response in mice immunized with liposomes containing bacterial polysaccharide, but without IL-2. The percentage of pulmonary plasma cells producing antibody to polysaccharide from A. levanicum rose from 0.14% in mice intranasally immunized with liposomes containing only polysaccharide to 4.1% in animals vaccinated with liposomes containing polysaccharide and IL-2. Intranasal immunization with liposomes containing P. aeruginosa polysaccharide and IL-2 significantly reduced mortality from P. aeruginosa pneumonia. These results demonstrate that IL-2 has potent adjuvant effects on bacterial Ag-specific sIgA production in the lungs when included in intranasally administered liposomes.
FG-3019, a human monoclonal antibody to CTGF, with gemcitabine/erlotinib in patients with locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. (2013)

213 Background: Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is overexpressed in PDAC and facilitates local desmoplasia, tumor survival and metastasis. FG-3019 is a CTGF-specific monoclonal antibody that decreases tumor growth and metastases and prolongs survival in orthotopic and KPC mouse models. This study evaluates safety and efficacy of FG-3019 with gemcitabine/erlotinib in patients with PDAC. Methods: In a nongoing open-label, dose-escalation study, FG-3019 was used in combination with gemcitabine and erlotinib in patients with previously untreated, measurable, locally advanced or metastatic PDAC. Cohorts 1−6 received FG-3019 Q2W at 3, 10, 15, 25, 35 or 45 mg/kg. Cohort 7 received 35 mg/kg on Day 1 and then 17.5 mg/kg QW. Cohort 8 received 45 mg/kg on Day 1 and then 22.5 mg/kg QW. Results: 75 patients were enrolled at 7 centers. Baseline data: Stage III= 15, Stage IV=60; ECOG=0 (n=32), ECOG=1 (N=43). No SAEs or DLTs related to FG-3019 occurred at any dose. In per protocol population (n=68) median PFS and OS were 4.3 and 9.4 months respectively. Baseline plasma CTGF levels correlated inversely with PFS and OS (p=0.0029) (ITT population). Median FG-3019 Cmax and Cmin increased linearly with dose. Because of considerable overlap between subjects across cohorts, outcomes are correlated with drug exposure. OS, but not PFS, correlated with exposure after the first FG-3019 dose (Day 1 Cmax, p=0.009; Day 15 Cmin, p=0.005; ITT population). 47% of evaluable subjects had &gt;50% decrease in CA19.9.The magnitude of reduction correlated with Day 1 Cmax (p=0.04) and inversely with baseline plasma CTGF (p=0.01). As FG-3019 accumulated over time, minimum FG-3019 exposure (Cmin) of 150 ug/mL on Day 43 appeared to be a threshold. Median OS was 7.7 and &gt;8.6 months for subjects &lt; (n=15) or ≥ (n=43) 150 ug/mL respectively on Day 43 (p=0.0034). Day 43 Cmin &lt; 150, none alive at 12 months: Day 43 Cmin &gt;150, 8 alive at 12 months, 17 alive 6.7-12 months. Conclusions: FG-3019 combined with gemcitabine/erlotonib is well tolerated. Interim results in this open-label study suggest OS improves with increasing exposure to FG-3019. Clinical trial information: NCT01181245.