gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nuclear Import/Export of hRPF1/Nedd4 Regulates the Ubiquitin- dependent Degradation of Its Nuclear Substrates (2001)

The ubiquitin-protein ligase (E3), hRPF1/Nedd4, is a component of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway responsible for substrate recognition and specificity. Although previously characterized as a regulator of the stability of cytoplasmic proteins, hRPF1/Nedd4 has also been suggested to have a role in the nucleus. However, in light of the cytoplasmic localization of hRPF1/Nedd4, it is unclear whether bona fide nuclear substrates of hRPF1/Nedd4 exist, and if so, what mechanism may allow a cytoplasmic ubiquitin ligase to manifest nuclear activity. Our search for nuclear substrates led to the identification of the human proline-rich transcript, brain-expressed (hPRTB) protein, the ubiquitination and degradation of which is regulated by hRPF1/Nedd4. Interestingly, hPRTB colocalizes with the splicing factor SC35 in nuclear speckles. Finally, we demonstrate that hRPF1/Nedd4 is indeed capable of entering the nucleus; however, the presence of a functional Rev-like nuclear export sequence in hRPF1/Nedd4 ensures a predominant cytoplasmic localization. Cumulatively, these findings highlight a nuclear role for the ubiquitin ligase hRPF1/Nedd4 and underscore cytoplasmic/nuclear localization as an important regulatory component of hRPF1/Nedd4-substrate recognition.
Immunohistochemical study of the expression of MUC5AC and MUC6 in breast carcinomas and adjacent breast tissues (2001)

This study documents the expression of two different mucins (MUCSAC and MUC6) not described as being expressed by normal breast tissues in a minority of breast carcinomas, as well as in normal and hyperplastic epithelium. Although the role of mucins in malignant transformation and the progression of breast cancer is not well understood, in some cases, there is probably an upregulation of several genes that encode distinct mucin proteins.
Cutaneus trunci muscle reflex of the guinea pig (1990)

The cutaneus trunci muscle reflex in guinea pigs was studied with a combination of video analysis, electromyography, lesioning, and light microscopy. The muscle forms a bilateral, subdermal sheet over much of the trunk. Local contractions of the dorsal part of the muscle are produced in response to brief tactile or electrical stimulation of the skin and consist of a twitch centered 1-2 cm rostral of the stimulus site. The reflex receptive field covers most of the thoracic and lumbar dorsal surface. The sensory information is carried via segmental dorsal cutaneous nerves. Receptive fields of adjacent nerves overlap and form rectangular areas perpendicular to the midline, at thoracic levels. Motor innervation projects through the lateral thoracic nerves of the brachial plexus. The motoneurons are located near the cervical thoracic junction (C7-T1). Lesions of the lower thoracic cord indicate that ascending sensory information is carried to the motor nuclei via the ventral half of the lateral funiculus. This pathway conveys information primarily from ipsilateral skin. There is a weaker input from contralateral skin, crossing at segmental levels. Electromyographic responses to brief electrical stimulation of lower thoracic skin occur usually as 10-12 msec bursts at latencies of 10-20 msec, and do not readily habituate or fatigue at stimulus frequencies below 10 Hz. The reflex persists under light pentobarbital anesthesia. This combination of characteristics makes the reflex useful for a variety of physiological and pathophysiological studies.
Selectivity of site of action and systemic effects of topical alpha agonists (1998)

Clonidine hydrochloride, apraclonidine hydrochloride, and brimonidine tartrate constitute the three topical alpha agonists that are used in the treatment of elevated intraocular pressure. All the alpha agonists have prejunctional (alpha 2) as well as postjunctional (alpha 1) effects. Within the past year, questions have arisen about their local and systemic effects, and their effects upon the optic nerve. We will, therefore, attempt to clarify these points, to provide a greater understanding of the role of alpha agonists in glaucoma therapy.
Facile Synthesis of an Azido-Labeled Thalidomide Analogue (2003)

[reaction: see text] A five-step synthesis of an azido-thalidomide analogue is presented. The sequence requires cheap and readily available starting materials and reagents, and only two steps require purification. Additionally, the azido-labeled analogue possesses activity comparable to that of thalidomide in inhibiting the proliferation of human microvascular endothelial cells, thus providing impetus for its use as a potential photoaffinity label of thalidomide.
Unbalanced collagenases/TIMP-1 expression and epithelial apoptosis in experimental lung fibrosis (2003)

In this study, we examined the sequential expression of several matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), and growth factors as well as the presence of apoptosis in a model of pulmonary fibrosis induced in rats with paraquat and hyperoxia. Animals showing neither clinical nor morphological changes with this double aggression were classified as “resistant”. Rats were killed at 1, 2, 3, and 6 wk, and lungs were used for collagen content, gene expression by real-time PCR, gelatinolytic activity by zymography, apoptosis by in situ DNA fragmentation, and protein localization by immunohistochemistry. Our results showed a significant decrease of collagenases MMP-8 and MMP-13, with an increase of TIMP-1 and transforming growth factor-β. Immunoreactive TIMP-1 was increased in experimental rats and primarily localized in alveolar macrophages. Expression of gelatinases MMP-2 and MMP-9 mRNAs was not affected, but lung zymography revealed an increase in progelatinase B, progelatinase A, and its active form. Epithelial apoptosis was evident from the first week, whereas at later periods, interstitial cell apoptosis was also noticed. Resistant animals behave as controls. These findings suggest that an imbalance between collagenases and TIMPs, excessive gelatinolytic activity, and epithelial apoptosis participate in the fibrotic response in this experimental model.
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A in <i>Lactobacillus Casei </i>Cell Wall Extract-Induced Coronary Arteritis of a Murine Model (2013)

Local VEGF-A and its signaling pathway are associated with the development of LCWE-induced CALs. Therefore, the clinical correlation between VEGF and human KD and the role of the VEGF-A regulation and signaling pathway in murine CALs warrant further investigation.
Jmjd2/Kdm4 demethylases are required for expression ofIl3raand survival of acute myeloid leukemia cells (2016)

Acute myeloid leukemias (AMLs) with a rearrangement of the mixed-linage leukemia (MLL) gene are aggressive hematopoietic malignancies. Here, we explored the feasibility of using the H3K9- and H3K36-specific demethylases Jmjd2/Kdm4 as putative drug targets in MLL-AF9 translocated leukemia. Using Jmjd2a, Jmjd2b, and Jmjd2c conditional triple-knockout mice, we show that Jmjd2/Kdm4 activities are required for MLL-AF9 translocated AML in vivo and in vitro. We demonstrate that expression of the interleukin 3 receptor α (Il3ra also known as Cd123) subunit is dependent on Jmjd2/Kdm4 through a mechanism involving removal of H3K9me3 from the promoter of the Il3ra gene. Importantly, ectopic expression of Il3ra in Jmjd2/Kdm4 knockout cells alleviates the requirement of Jmjd2/Kdm4 for the survival of AML cells, showing that Il3ra is a critical downstream target of Jmjd2/Kdm4 in leukemia. These results suggest that the JMJD2/KDM4 proteins are promising drug targets for the treatment of AML.
Stochastic models for the Web graph (2002)

The Web may be viewed as a directed graph each of whose vertices is a static HTML Web page, and each of whose edges corresponds to a hyperlink from one Web page to another. We propose and analyze random graph models inspired by a series of empirical observations on the Web. Our graph models differ from the traditional G/sub n,p/ models in two ways: 1. Independently chosen edges do not result in the statistics (degree distributions, clique multitudes) observed on the Web. Thus, edges in our model are statistically dependent on each other. 2. Our model introduces new vertices in the graph as time evolves. This captures the fact that the Web is changing with time. Our results are two fold: we show that graphs generated using our model exhibit the statistics observed on the Web graph, and additionally, that natural graph models proposed earlier do not exhibit them. This remains true even when these earlier models are generalized to account for the arrival of vertices over time. In particular, the sparse random graphs in our models exhibit properties that do not arise in far denser random graphs generated by Erdos-Renyi models.
Diabetes Medication Satisfaction Tool (2008)

The Diabetes Medication Satisfaction Tool offers a comprehensive assessment of patient acceptability, with diabetes therapy useful for individualizing therapeutic decision making.
Expression of theneuproto‐oncogene by schwann cells during peripheral nerve development and wallerian degeneration (1992)

The neu gene, which encodes a putative tyrosine kinase growth factor receptor termed p185neu, was originally identified as a dominant transforming gene in neurogliomas and schwannomas induced by transplacental treatment of rat embryos with ethylnitrosourea. The present studies were undertaken to determine the expression pattern of the neu gene in peripheral nerve. Northern blot analysis of total RNA isolated from rat sciatic nerves demonstrated prominent neu mRNA expression on postnatal days 1 and 7, with substantially lower expression up to adulthood. Immunohistochemical studies confirmed expression of p185neu by Schwann cells (SC) in developing sciatic nerve and minimal p185neu immunoreactivity in adult nerves. However, neu mRNA and p185neu protein progressively increased following sciatic nerve transection in adult animals. In addition, neu mRNA and p185neu were found in neonatal rat sciatic nerve SC and several SC-derived cell lines. In resting SC, neu mRNA was expressed at a low level, but was greatly increased by treatment with forskolin and glial growth factor. These studies demonstrate that the neu gene and its protein product, p185neu, are expressed by SC both in vivo and in vitro and suggest that p185neu plays a role in the regulation of SC proliferation or differentiation.
Metal-semiconductor transition in nonstoichiometric vanadium dioxide films (2007)

Undoped and tungsten-doped nonstoichiometric vanadium dioxide films have been prepared by a modified sol-gel process, and the effect of synthesis conditions on the parameters of the metal-semiconductor transition in the films has been studied. In particular, it is shown that the temperature of the metal-semiconductor transition in vanadium dioxide decreases with increasing W content and that no phase transition occurs at doping levels above 6 at %. The composition of the films has been evaluated by x-ray diffraction, and their surface morphology has been examined by atomic force microscopy. The parameters of electrical switching in the films can be stabilized by reducing the transition temperature.
Application of Silane Technology to Prevent Corrosion of Metals and Improve Paint Adhesion (1999)

SUMMARYEnvironmental, safety and cost issues surrounding the continued use of chromates have led to increased R&D activities to find alternative materials. Recent developments in the application of silane coupling agents to metals involves their use as corrosion-inhibiting pretreatments. It was initially observed and reported that silane treatments of metals can increase their corrosion performance after painting. However, very recently it has been demonstrated that, especially if non-organofunctional silanes are used, protection can be obtained even without paint coatings. In this presentation an overview is given of the results obtained in our laboratories in recent years. The chemistry is described and representative results are given of applications where silane treatments have the potential to replace currently used pretreatments by Chromate and or phosphate systems. The metals to be discussed are cold-rolled steel, galvanized steel, aluminum and its alloys, and Galvalume®.
Recovery Of Heavy Oils Using Vaporized Hydrocarbon Solvents: Further Development Of The Vapex Process (1991)

Abstract There are extensive deposits of heavy oil in Saskatchewan and Alberta which can only be recovered with low efficiency by conventional methods. Primary recovery in the best of these heavy oil reservoirs can yield about 6 percent of the OOIP. Waterflooding can improve the recovery, but only to an extent of f-2 percent because of the adverse mobility ratio. Thermal recovery processes using steam can be effective, but these are uneconomic in many Lloydminster type reservoirs because the deposits are relatively thin and heat losses to the overburden and underburden are excessive. One potential means for overcoming the problem of heat loss is to make use of vapourized hydrocarbon solvents at their dew point. This paper discusses the results of experiments with Tangleflags heavy oil and propane carried out in a large, scaled, physical model. It focuses on the area of potential problems encountered with the use of saturated hydrocarbon vapours as a solvent. In particular, it addresses the issue of precipitation of asphaltenes which may lead to reduced permeability and lower production rates. Rates, recoveries, gas to oil ratios and other important parameters will be presented and field performance of the process will be predicted from the data obtained in the scaled laboratory model. Introduction Production of heavy oils and bitumens from the extensive deposits in Alberta and Saskatchewan is hampered by the high viscosity of these materials caused by the high content of asphaltenes. After these heavy crudes have been produced, often by thermal methods, dilution with light hydrocarbons is required to facilitate transport through pipelines to upgrading plants and refineries. The cost of steam injection to mobilize the heavy crude is large, mostly because there are inherent heat losses associated with heating surrounding rock formations that do not bear oil. This situation is further exacerbated in thinner reservoirs. A new idea is to recover heavy oils using saturated hydrocarbon vapours under carefully controlled conditions which lead to separation of asphaltenes from the heavy crude. The asphaltenes are thus left behind deposited on the reservoir matrix while the much lighter oil is recovered. The handling, processing and transport of such in situ upgraded oil is easier and more economical. In our previous paper[l] we described a new process for recovering heavy oil with the aid of a saturated hydrocarbon vapour. In this paper we present further experimental data to support the feasibility of the process and explore the benefits of in situ upgrading by asphaltene removal and deposition on the rock matrix.
Host Resistance to Cancer (1965)

Brunschwig, Alexander M.D.; Southam, Chester M. M.D.; Levin, Arthur G. M.D. Author Information
Corrosion of Biomedical Implant Materials (2008)

ABSTRACT Corrosion behavior of the most important metallic materials – mainly used in orthopaedic implants – is summarized. A focus of this review is on the comparison of the susceptibility of the different alloys (especially Ti base alloys and Co-Cr alloys) to corrosion. A short discussion on influence of surface modification on the corrosion performance of biomaterials is included. Critical factors to be considered in the experimental investigation of the corrosion behavior in view of the biomedical applications are summarized. Recent investigations on the possible exploitation of materials with a low corrosion resistance for biodegradable implants are summarized.
Role of the transcription factor Sox-2 in the expression of the FGF-4 gene in embryonal carcinoma cells (1998)

It has been shown previously that the FGF-4 gene is regulated by a powerful downstream enhancer in embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells. This enhancer contains an essential HMG motif; however, the transcription factor that binds to the HMG motif in EC cells has not been determined definitively. In earlier studies, this HMG motif was shown to bind a heat-stable, redox-insensitive factor expressed by F9 EC cells. Others have proposed that the transcription factor Sox-2 binds to the FGF-4 enhancer HMG motif. In this study, we demonstrate that the N-terminal half of Sox-2, which contains the DNA binding domain, binds to the FGF-4 enhancer HMG motif and we show that this binding is unaffected by heat and oxidation. In addition, we employed two experimental approaches to demonstrate that Sox-2 regulates the transcription of the FGF-4 gene in EC cells. As part of these studies, an expression plasmid that codes for a dominant-negative form of Sox-2 was used in transient expression assays. In other experiments, a Sox-2 antisense expression plasmid was used. When co-transfected into F9 EC cells along with an FGF-4 promoter/reporter gene construct, each expression plasmid caused a significant reduction in reporter activity. Our studies also demonstrate that Sox-2 affects the expression of the FGF-4 gene in the multipotent EC cell line, P19. Taken together, these studies argue strongly that Sox-2 plays an important role in the expression of the FGF-4 gene in vivo.
Experiments in structural DNA nanotechnology: arrays and devices (2005)

In recent years, the chemistry of DNA has expanded from biological systems to nanotechnology. The generalization of the biological processes of reciprocal exchange leads to stable branched motifs that can be used for the construction of DNA-based geometrical and topological objects, arrays and nanomechanical devices. The information in DNA is the basis of life, but it can also be used to control the physical states of a variety of systems, leading ultimately to nanorobotics; these devices include shape-changing, walking and translating machines. We expect ultimately to be able to use the dynamic information-based architectural properties of nucleic acids to be the basis for advanced materials with applications from nanoelectronics to biomedical devices on the nanometer scale.
Gram-positive organisms and sepsis (1994)

In recent years, the importance of gram-negative organisms in the genesis of sepsis has been emphasized. However, this emphasis may no longer be correct; recent studies show an increasing incidence of gram-positive sources of sepsis, and it is possible that these cases may predominate in the coming years. This increase results from more than just a greater prevalence of infection—it appears that gram-positive organisms may also be more virulent in fomenting the disease, as can be evidenced by the emergence of streptococcal toxic shock syndrome and the resurgence of acute rheumatic fever. This may result from the ability of gram-positive organisms to produce more inflammation-causing cell wall constituents, as well as unbound exotoxins. Despite the recent emphasis on gram-negative causes, sepsis resulting from gram-positive sources is increasingly common. Research on these causes of sepsis should be encouraged. (Arch Intern Med. 1994;154:26-34)
The Anticancer Agent Adriamycin Can Be Actively Cytotoxic Without Entering Cells (1982)

The antineoplastic agent adriamycin was coupled to an insoluble agarose support. This material was actively cytotoxic to L1210 cells in culture under conditions in which no free adriamycin could enter the cell. It is concluded that an agent whose principal target was previously thought to be DNA can exert its cytotoxic action solely by interaction at the cell surface.
Distinct homeostatic requirements of CD4+ and CD4- subsets of Vα24-invariant natural killer T cells in humans (2004)

CD1d-restricted Valpha24-invariant natural killer T cells (iNKTs) are important in immunoregulation. CD4(+) and CD4(-) iNKTs develop with similar frequencies in murine thymus and depend on interleukin-15 (IL-15) in periphery. However, homeostatic requirements of iNKTs have not been analyzed in humans. We evaluated thymic production, peripheral dynamics, and functional maturation of human iNKTs. CD4(+) subset comprises 90% of iNKTs in mature thymocytes and cord blood (CB) but only 40% in adult blood. Using T-cell receptor excision circle (TREC) analysis, we directly measured in vivo replicative history of CD4(+) and CD4(-) iNKT cells. Compared to CD4(+), CD4(-) iNKTs contain fewer TRECs, express higher levels of IL-2Rbeta, and proliferate with higher rate in response to IL-15. In contrast, CD4(+) cells express higher levels of IL-7Ralpha and better respond to IL-7. Neither thymic nor CB iNKTs are able to produce cytokines unless they are induced to proliferate. Therefore, unlike in the mouse, human CD4(+) iNKTs are mainly supported by thymic output and limited peripheral expansion, whereas CD4(-) cells undergo extensive peripheral expansion, and both subsets develop their functions in periphery. These findings reveal important differences in homeostatic requirements and functional maturation between murine and human iNKTs that are to be considered for clinical purposes.
Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome Associated with Persistently Normal Fasting Serum Gastrin Concentrations (1985)

A 63-year-old man with a 2-year history of upper gastrointestinal ulcers was found to have the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Despite histologic verification of gastrinoma, several fasting serum gastrin concentrations were normal. However, in response to intravenous secretin infusion, a paradoxical increase in serum gastrin levels indicative of gastrinoma was seen. Although serum gastrin concentrations in patients with suspected gastrinoma may be persistently normal, provocative testing may be necessary to establish the diagnosis of the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.
Standardization of the components of niprisan: A phytomedicine for treating sickle cell disease (2009)

Niprisan is a dry extract preparation of five components: the seeds of Piper guineense; flower buds of Eugenia caryophyllata; stem parts of Pterocarpus osun; leaf stalk of Sorghum bicolor and trona. The product was developed in our Institute from a traditional recipe used in Nigeria for treating sickle cell crises. This study aims to provide for the components, the following specifications: foreign matter; loss on drying; total ash; and water extractable matter, using the methods prescribed by the WHO (1998) for quality control of medicinal plant materials. The trona was analyzed with methods adapted from BP (2004). The results suggest the existence of one variety of E. caryophyllata; but two varieties of S. bicolor and trona, differing in loss on drying; and two varieties of P. guineense and P. osun, differing in both total ash and water extractable matter. The implications of the results for good manufacturing practice are discussed.

	 

	Key words: Standardization, specifications, components, niprisan, phytomedicine, sickle cell disease.