gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Preparation of New α-Hydroxy Acids Derived from Amino Acids and Their Corresponding Polyesters (2008)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUECommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTPreparation of New α-Hydroxy Acids Derived from Amino Acids and Their Corresponding PolyestersNaomi Cohen-Arazi*, Jeoshua Katzhendler, Michal Kolitz, and Abraham J. DombView Author Information Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91120 Jerusalem, Israel* To whom correspondence should be addressed.Cite this: Macromolecules 2008, 41, 20, 7259–7263Publication Date (Web):September 27, 2008Publication History Received4 June 2008Revised9 September 2008Published online27 September 2008Published inissue 28 October 2008https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma8012477https://doi.org/10.1021/ma8012477rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2008 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3273Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Hydrophobicity,Monomers,Organic polymers,Peptides and proteins,Polymers Get e-Alerts
Hydroxamic Acid-Based Bisubstrate Analog Inhibitors of Ras Farnesyl Protein Transferase (1996)

The rational design, synthesis, and activity of novel, hydroxamic acid-based, collective bisubstrate analog inhibitors of farnesyl protein transferase (FPT) is described. This class of compounds differ structurally from the conventional FPT inhibitors by being non-sulfhydryl and by being bisubstrate based rather than peptide or FPP derived inhibitors. Whereas replacement of the sulfhydryl group of tetrapeptide CVLS (I50 = 1 microM) by an N-methylhydroxamic acid had a deleterious effect (10, I50 > 360 microM), moderate inhibition was realized with 16 (I50 = 42.5 microM), a bisubstrate analog involving anchorage of farnesyl and tripeptide groups by a hydroxamic acid-embedded linker. Starting from 16, a 1 order of magnitude improvement in in vitro potency was obtained by optimization of the linker (20, I50 = 4.35 microM). An additional 13-fold enhancement was achieved by substituting the tripeptide moiety VLS in 20 by VVM (23, I50 = 0.33 microM). The dependence of these inhibitors on their peptide and farnesyl subunits is suggestive of their bisubstrate nature. Compound 23 (I50 = 0.33 microM) is 2 orders of magnitude better in activity compared to the initial lead 16 [I50 = 42.5 microM) and is effective in blocking prenylation of protein in whole cells including p21ras.
Membrane Traffic in Endocytosis: Insights from Cell-Free Assays (1989)

Cells organize many of their biochemical reactions in non-membrane compartments. Recent evidence has shown that many of these compartments are liquids that form by phase separation from the cytoplasm. Here we discuss the basic physical concepts necessary ...Read More
Acid-Catalyzed Ring Opening of 2-Substituted Aziridines with Alcohols (1992)

Study of nucleophilic ring opening of various functionalized aziridines (2-alkoxycarbonyl, 2-hydroxymethyl, 2-cyano- and 2-aminomethyl) by alcohols in presence of diethyl ether-boron trifluoride complex.
3. Preliminary design (2002)

3.1. Getting started 3.2. Continuum analogies 3.3. Continuum analogy for a double-layer space frame supported at the edges with square over square offset topology 3.4. Plate analogy for a double-layer flat space frame with square over square diagonally offset topology 3.5. Double-layer space frame with diagonal over square topology 3.6. Triangular three-way grids 3.7. References
Specialized ribosome system: preferential translation of a single mRNA species by a subpopulation of mutated ribosomes in Escherichia coli. (1987)

In Escherichia coli, all mRNAs are translated by one pool of functionally identical ribosomes. Here, we describe a system in which a subpopulation of modified ribosomes are directed to a single mutated mRNA species. This was accomplished by changing the Shine-Dalgarno sequence that precedes the heterologous human growth hormone gene from 5' GGAGG to 5' CCTCC or 5' GTGTG. Translation of these modified mRNAs by wild-type ribosomes is very inefficient. When the anti-Shine-Dalgarno region (i.e., the region complementary to the Shine-Dalgarno sequence) at the 3' end of the gene encoding 16S rRNA (rrnB) was altered from 5' CCTCC to 5' GGAGG or 5' CACAC, thus restoring its potential to base-pair with the mutated human growth hormone mRNA, significant expression of this mRNA occurred. Growth hormone synthesis was dependent on induction of the mutated rrnB operon. Subsequently, these specialized ribosomes were made spectinomycin-resistant by the introduction of a C----U substitution at position 1192 of the 16S rRNA. Thus, host protein synthesis could be shut off by the addition of spectinomycin and the specificity and efficiency of the specialized ribosomes could be assessed. Since the specialized ribosomes represent a nonessential subpopulation in the cell, this system offers an approach to the study of mutations elsewhere in the 16S-rRNA gene that otherwise would be lethal to the cell.
A Novel Video Summarization Framework for Document Preparation and Archival Applications (2005)

With the rapid growth of network bandwidth and high-capacity storage devices, videos have become an important way of communication in the aerospace industry and many other entities. However, browsing and managing huge video databases are quite tedious. To solve the problem, in this paper, we propose a novel video summarization framework, and discuss its potential usage in the document preparation and archival applications. The proposed framework generates video skimmings that guarantee both the balanced content coverage and the visual coherence. First, we segment the raw video into video shots, analyze the structure of the video, find the boundaries of semantic scenes, then calculate each scene's skimming length by its structure and content entropy. Second, we define a spatial-temporal dissimilarity function between video shots, model each video scene as a graph, and find each scene's optimal skimming shots in the graph with dynamic programming. Shot arrangement patterns are analyzed to improve the coherence of the video skimming. Finally, the whole video's skimming is obtained by concatenating the skimmings of the scenes. Our proposed framework generates video skimmings that guarantee both the balanced content coverage and the visual coherence. Experiments are conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of our proposed approach
Interaction between the CD8 Coreceptor and Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Stabilizes T Cell Receptor-Antigen Complexes at the Cell Surface (2005)

The off-rate (k(off)) of the T cell receptor (TCR)/peptide-major histocompatibility complex class I (pMHCI) interaction, and hence its half-life, is the principal kinetic feature that determines the biological outcome of TCR ligation. However, it is unclear whether the CD8 coreceptor, which binds pMHCI at a distinct site, influences this parameter. Although biophysical studies with soluble proteins show that TCR and CD8 do not bind cooperatively to pMHCI, accumulating evidence suggests that TCR associates with CD8 on the T cell surface. Here, we titrated and quantified the contribution of CD8 to TCR/pMHCI dissociation in membrane-constrained interactions using a panel of engineered pMHCI mutants that retain faithful TCR interactions but exhibit a spectrum of affinities for CD8 of >1,000-fold. Data modeling generates a "stabilization factor" that preferentially increases the predicted TCR triggering rate for low affinity pMHCI ligands, thereby suggesting an important role for CD8 in the phenomenon of T cell cross-reactivity.
Myeloperoxidase Propagates Damage and is a Potential Therapeutic Target for Subacute Stroke (2014)

Few effective treatment options exist for stroke beyond the hyperacute period. Radical generation and myeloperoxidase (MPO) have been implicated in stroke. We investigated whether pharmacologic reduction or gene deletion of this highly oxidative enzyme reduces infarct propagation and improves outcome in the transient middle cerebral artery occlusion mouse model (MCAO). Mice were treated with 4-aminobenzoic acid hydrazide (ABAH), a specific irreversible MPO inhibitor. Three treatment regimens were used: (1) daily throughout the 21-day observational period, (2) during the acute stage (first 24 hours), or (3) during the subacute stage (daily starting on day 2). We found elevated MPO activity in ipsilateral brain 3 to 21 days after ischemia. 4-Aminobenzoic acid hydrazide reduced enzyme activity by 30% to 40% and final lesion volume by 60% (P<0.01). The MPO-knockout (KO) mice subjected to MCAO also showed a similar reduction in the final lesion volume (P<0.01). The ABAH treatment or MPO-KO mice also improved neurobehavioral outcome (P<0.001) and survival (P=0.01), but ABAH had no additional beneficial effects in MPO-KO mice, confirming specificity of ABAH. Interestingly, inhibiting MPO activity during the subacute stage recapitulated most of the therapeutic benefit of continuous MPO inhibition, suggesting that MPO-targeted therapies could be useful when given after 24 hours of stroke onset.
The long-term effects of wide laminectomy for lumbar disc excision. A review of 130 patients. (1971)

1. The results of wide laminectomy of the fifth lumbar vertebra and disc excision in 132 patients are reviewed and compared with some published results of the interlaminar operation. 2. There was no significant difference in either the immediate or the long-term results of the two operations suggesting that post-operative morbidity was not related to operative technique. 3. The incidence of post-operative back pain was found to increase with age at operation, duration of pre-operative symptoms and length of follow-up, and supported the impression that backache is predominantly a feature of the underlying degenerative process rather than the incidental operation. 4. The significance of recurrent disc lesions is discussed. Recurrence usually occurred at the previously cleared disc space and was thought to indicate incomplete degeneration of the disc at the time of the original operation. 5. The place of fusion combined with disc excision is discussed. No reliable indications for coincident fusion were found in this series. 6. The value of radiography is discussed. Plain radiographs were essential before operation to exclude other causes of backache and sciatica; otherwise they were of little value. Motion radiographs were no more helpful and myelography was used only when the level of the lesion was in doubt. 7. The risk of an acute cauda equina lesion following manipulation of a prolapsed lumbar disc is noted and the danger of manipulation, unless facilities for emergency surgery are available, is stressed.
Formulation of Ibuprofen Beads by Ionotropic Gelation (2008)

Microencapsulation has become a common technique in the production of controlled release dosage forms. Many results have been reported, concerning the use of alginate beads as controlled release drug formulations. Alginate has a unique gel-forming property in the presence of multivalent cations, in an aqueous medium. Ibuprofen is an excellent analgesic and antipyretic, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent with a high therapeutic index. Formulation of ibuprofen in beads could reduce its gastric ulcerogenicity. Hence, in this study the formation of Ca-alginate ibuprofen beads, through ionotropic gelation has been investigated. For this purpose, different cross- linking agents including: Ca 2+ , Ba 2+ , Mn 2+ , Co 2+ , Sn 2+ and Pb 2+ , were used for bead preparation. Next, characterization of the beads, size distribution, encapsulation efficiency of ibuprofen within the beads, the bead swelling and the drug release kinetic were investigated. Results showed that only Ca ion is suitable for the formation of ibuprofen beads. A good swelling profile for beads in phosphate buffer (pH=7.4) and the lack of swelling in hydrochloric acid (pH= 1.2), show the suitable nature of the beads. In addition, formulation of Na-alginate (2%) and Ca-chloride (2%) beads,resulted in an encapsulation efficacy of around 90%. The drug release studies showed a rapid and complete ibuprofen release from the beads, specially those prepared from Na-alginate (2%) and Ca-chloride (2%), in phosphate buffer medium. However, no detectable drug release was observed within the acidic medium. In conclusion, ibuprofen is capable of being n be microencapsulated as a bead formulation, with suitable properties and release profile.
Scavenger receptor Bl - a cell surface receptor for high density lipoprotein (1997)

The receptor-mediated transfer of lipids between cells and lipoproteins plays an important role in lipoprotein metabolism and cardiovascular disease. Although there have been many valuable studies of HDL binding to tissues, cells and membranes, and of the potential role of such binding in the transport of lipids between HDL and cells, much less is known about HDL receptors than about receptors for other lipoproteins (e.g. LDL, chylomicrons, vitellogenin). Here we review recent studies of the class B, type I scavenger receptor, which appears to be a physiologically relevant, cell surface HDL receptor that mediates the selective uptake of lipids by cells.
Cells that express all five proteins of vesicular stomatitis virus from cloned cDNAs support replication, assembly, and budding of defective interfering particles. (1991)

An alternative approach to structure-function analysis of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) gene products and their interactions with one another during each phase of the viral life cycle is described. We showed previously by using the vaccinia virus-T7 RNA polymerase expression system that when cells expressing the nucleocapsid protein (N), the phosphoprotein (NS), and the large polymerase protein (L) of VSV were superinfected with defective interfering (DI) particles, rapid and efficient replication and amplification of (DI) particle RNA occurred. Here, we demonstrate that all five VSV proteins can be expressed simultaneously when cells are contransfected with plasmids containing the matrix protein (M) gene and the glycoprotein (G) gene of VSV in addition to plasmids containing the genes for the N, NS, and L proteins. When cells coexpressing all five VSV proteins were superinfected with DI particles, which because of their defectiveness are unable to express any viral proteins or to replicate, DI particle replication, assembly, and budding were observed and infectious DI particles were released into the culture fluids. Omission of either the M or G protein expression resulted in no DI particle budding. The vector-supported DI particles were similar in size and morphology to the authentic DI particles generated from cells coinfected with DI particles and helper VSV and their infectivity could be blocked by anti-VSV or anti-G antiserum. The successful replication, assembly, and budding of DI particles from cells expressing all five VSV proteins from cloned cDNAs provide a powerful approach for detailed structure-function analysis of the VSV gene products in each step of the replicative cycle of the virus.
KLK6‐regulated miRNA networks activate oncogenic pathways in breast cancer subtypes (2016)

KLK6 is expressed in normal mammary tissues and is aberrantly regulated in breast cancer. At physiological levels of expression, i.e. those found in normal mammary tissues, KLK6 acts as a tumor suppressor in human breast cancer. However, aberrant overexpression of KLK6 (i.e. 50-100-fold higher than normal), a characteristic of a subset of human breast cancers is associated with increased tumorigenicity (Pampalakis et al. Cancer Res 69:3779-3787, 2009). Here, we stably transfected KLK6-non-expressing MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells with the full-length KLK6 cDNA to overexpress KLK6 at levels comparable to those observed in patients, and investigated potential oncogenic miRNA networks regulated by these abnormally high KLK6 expression levels and increased activity of this serine protease. A number of miRNAs that are upregulated (e.g. miR-146a) or downregulated (e.g. miR-34a) via KLK6-induced alterations in the miRNA biogenesis machinery were identified. Integrated experimental and bioinformatics analyses identified convergent miRNA networks targeting the cell cycle, MYC, MAPK, and other signaling pathways. In large clinical datasets, significant correlations between KLK6 and downstream MAPK and MYC targets at both the RNA and protein levels was confirmed, as well as negative correlation with GATA3. It was also demonstrated that KLK6 overexpression and likely its proteolytic activity is associated with alterations in downstream miRNAs and their targets, and these differ with the molecular subtypes of breast cancer. The data partly explains the different characteristics of breast cancer subtypes. Importantly, we introduce a combined KLK6-CDKN1B+MYC+CDKN1C score for prediction of long-term patient survival outcomes, with higher scores indicating poor survival.
Formation of Stable Ag-Nanoparticle Aggregates Induced by Dithiol Cross-Linking (2006)

Aggregation of thiol-stabilized silver nanoparticles induced by 1,6-hexane dithiol was studied in situ by dynamic light scattering. The aggregates were observed to reach a finite size in the 100-200 nm range depending on the applied conditions. Growth kinetics were shown to be linked to the dynamics of the thiol-exchange reaction. A model for the aggregation process was developed on the basis of a simple diffusion-kinetic approach assuming an elementary kinetic reaction at the surfaces and a spherical diffusion field surrounding the aggregates. The rate constant for the thiol exchange reaction was found to vary between 0.6 and 4.0 x 10(-4) s(-1), and the activation energy was 46 +/- 10 kJ mol(-1).
Rectangular capillaries for capillary zone electrophoresis (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRectangular capillaries for capillary zone electrophoresisTakao. Tsuda, Jonathan V. Sweedler, and Richard N. ZareCite this: Anal. Chem. 1990, 62, 19, 2149–2152Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00218a020https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00218a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views316Altmetric-Citations117LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein (MCP)-4 Expression in the Airways of Patients with Asthma (2000)

Chemokines are chemotactic cytokines that play an important role in recruiting leukocytes in allergic inflammation. Monocyte chemoacctractant protein (MCP)-4 is a CC chemokine with potent chemotactic activities for eosinophils, monocytes, T lymphocytes, and basophils and therefore represents a good candidate to participate in allergic reactions. To determine if MCP-4 plays a role in asthma, we have investigated the expression of MCP-4 messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein in the airways of patients with asthma and normal control subjects by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. We found that MCP-4 mRNA and protein was significantly upregulated in the epithelium and submucosa of bronchial biopsies and in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells of patients with asthma compared with normal control subjects (p < 0. 01). In addition, MCP-4 protein was significantly elevated in the BAL fluid of patients with atopic asthma when compared with normal control subjects (p < 0.01) and there was a significant correlation between MCP-4, eotaxin, and eosinophils. In support of our in situ findings demonstrating MCP-4 expression in epithelial cells and mononuclear cells in vivo, we have found that MCP-4 expression can be induced in these cells in vitro by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta). Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) acted synergistically with TNF-alpha and IL-1beta in the induction of mRNA MCP-4 mRNA expression in A549 cells, whereas the glucocorticoid dexamethasone diminished the cytokine-induced expression of MCP-4. Our findings demonstrate that MCP-4 is upregulated in the airways of patients with asthma and suggest that MCP-4 plays a role in the recruitment of eosinophils into the airways of patients with asthma.
Early Biochemical Events in T Lymphocytes Activated by Anti T3 (1985)

The use of cloned T cells and monoclonal antibody technology has resulted in a greater understanding of the structure and function of surface molecules on human T cells. Some of these structures have been identified as receptors for ligands which mediate T cell growth, thus the receptors for I1–2, antigen/MHC and an unknown ligand have been defined by anti TAC, anti clonotypes and anti Tl1 respectively (1–3). Our interest has focussed on the antigen/MHC receptor which consists of a 90 kD disulphide linked heterodimer in association with at least 3 polypeptides of 20,20 and 25 kD comprising the T3 antigen system (4). The close association of T3 with the receptor would suggest that the former is a signal transducing mechanism which connects the initial binding of antigen/MHC to the resulting cellular response, i.e. proliferation. We have used the monoclonal anti T3 UCHT1 and the influenza virus specific T cell clone HA1.7 as a system to investigate whether T3 crosslinking is required for activation. In addition we investigated two biochemical phenomena which occur within minutes of stimulation, namely calcium mobilization and phosphatidylinositol metabolism.