gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structure of the 116-kDa polypeptide of the clathrin-coated vesicle/synaptic vesicle proton pump (1991)

A 116-kDa polypeptide has recently been found to be a common component of vacuolar proton pumps isolated from a variety of sources. The 116-kDa subunit of the proton pump was purified from clathrin-coated vesicles of bovine brain, and internal sequences were obtained from proteolytic peptides. Oligonucleotide probes designed from these peptide sequences were utilized in polymerase chain reactions to isolate partial bovine cDNA clones for the protein. Sequences from these were then utilized to isolate rat brain cDNA clones containing the full-length coding region. RNA blots indicate the presence of an abundant 3.9-kilobase message for the 116-kDa subunit in brain, and primer extension analysis demonstrates that the cloned sequence is full-length. The rat cDNA sequences predict synthesis of a protein of 96,267 Da. Analysis of the deduced amino acid sequence of the 116-kDa subunit suggests that it consists of two fundamental domains: a hydrophilic amino-terminal half that is composed of greater than 30% charged residues, and a hydrophobic carboxyl-terminal half that contains at least six transmembrane regions. The structural properties of the 116-kDa proton pump polypeptide agree well with its proposed function in coupling ATP hydrolysis by the cytoplasmic subunits to proton translocation by the intramembranous components of the pump.
The Use of U-500 in Patients With Extreme Insulin Resistance (2005)

The Diabetes Control and Complication Trial (1) and the U.K. Prospective Diabetes Study (2,3), as well as other smaller trials (4), have established the benefit of treating type 1 and type 2 diabetes to levels of glycemia as close to normal as possible. These studies have formed the basis for the therapeutic targets set forth in the most recent American Diabetes Association (ADA) guidelines (5).

There is a subset of patients classified by the ADA as having “other specific types of diabetes”; this group represents a major therapeutic challenge in terms of achieving glycemic goals (6). These patients have more extreme forms of insulin resistance than typical type 2 diabetic patients, and many manifest various syndromic classifications (Fig. 1). Furthermore, for the purpose of this discussion, we are including patients with extreme endogenous hyperinsulinemia or hyperglycemic patients who require doses of exogenous insulin of >200 units/day or in pediatric patients doses >3 units · kg−1 · day−1. This includes a subset of obese type 2 diabetic patients. Extreme forms of insulin resistance may also occur as a temporary state with pregnancy, with endocrinopathies and under various other stress conditions such as an infection, or with exogenous steroid use (Fig. 2). The practical issue of insulin management is essentially the same for all of these various patient categories.

While we have defined the more extreme forms of insulin resistance whose requirements are >200 units insulin/day, this is clearly an arbitrary definition. Currently glycemic goals for both type 2 diabetes and “the other specific types of diabetes” are generally not being met. Part of the reason for this is that patients clearly are on insufficient doses of insulin. For instance, the median dose of insulin in a group of Pima Indians under treatment is 70 units/day …
TEAD/TEF transcription factors utilize the activation domain of YAP65, a Src/Yes-associated protein localized in the cytoplasm (2001)

Mammals express four highly conserved TEAD/TEF transcription factors that bind the same DNA sequence, but serve different functions during development. TEAD-2/TEF-4 protein purified from mouse cells was associated predominantly with a novel TEAD-binding domain at the amino terminus of YAP65, a powerful transcriptional coactivator. YAP65 interacted specifically with the carboxyl terminus of all four TEAD proteins. Both this interaction and sequence-specific DNA binding by TEAD were required for transcriptional activation in mouse cells. Expression of YAP in lymphocytic cells that normally do not support TEAD-dependent transcription (e.g., MPC11) resulted in up to 300-fold induction of TEAD activity. Conversely, TEAD overexpression squelched YAP activity. Therefore, the carboxy-terminal acidic activation domain in YAP is the transcriptional activation domain for TEAD transcription factors. However, whereas TEAD was concentrated in the nucleus, excess YAP65 accumulated in the cytoplasm as a complex with the cytoplasmic localization protein, 14-3-3. Because TEAD-dependent transcription was limited by YAP65, and YAP65 also binds Src/Yes protein tyrosine kinases, we propose that YAP65 regulates TEAD-dependent transcription in response to mitogenic signals.
Directing Otherwise Incompatible Reactions in a Single Solution by Using DNA-Templated Organic Synthesis (2002)

Diversification without spatial separation can be achieved using DNA-templated synthesis. Twelve reactants with functional groups of similar reactivity linked to different DNA sequences (R, R′) were subjected to several different reaction types within the same solution and only six sequence-programmed products out of the more than 28 possibilities were formed (see scheme).
A selective SAW-based organophosphonate chemical sensor employing a self-assembled, composite monolayer: a new paradigm for sensor design (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA selective SAW-based organophosphonate chemical sensor employing a self-assembled, composite monolayer: a new paradigm for sensor designLarry J. Kepley, Richard M. Crooks, and Antonio J. RiccoCite this: Anal. Chem. 1992, 64, 24, 3191–3193Publication Date (Print):December 15, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 December 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00048a018https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00048a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views454Altmetric-Citations145LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Advances in atherosclerosis. (1995)

In the past few years major advances have changed the way we think about atherosclerosis. Treatments for hyperlipidaemia not only regress angiographic stenosis and reduce coronary mortality; in meta-analysis, and in large trials of secondary prevention, they appear to reduce overall mortality. Reduction in events precedes regression of stenosis, partly through stabilization of plaque, and partly by reversal of the endothelial dysfunction caused by oxidized LDL. The study of lipid disorders has been advanced by new understanding of the role of apolipoproteins and lipoprotein (a). Significant advances have also been made in the understanding of effects of angiotensin, fibrinogen, homocysteinaemia, platelets, genetics of atherosclerosis, autoimmunity, flow disturbances and wall stress. Most importantly, because of a revolution in our understanding of the endothelium, we can now begin to make sense of some of the effects of risk factors such as lipids, menopause, flow disturbances, and pressure, to begin to understand atherosclerosis, arterial remodelling and the protective effect of oestrogen in a new light. These changes will profoundly affect the way we practise vascular medicine and neurology, and will give us powerful new ways to help our patients.
Retinoid X Receptor Regulates Nur77/Thyroid Hormone Receptor 3-Dependent Apoptosis by Modulating Its Nuclear Export and Mitochondrial Targeting (2004)

Retinoid X receptor (RXR) plays a central role in the regulation of intracellular receptor signaling pathways by acting as a ubiquitous heterodimerization partner of many nuclear receptors, including the orphan receptor Nur77 (also known as TR3 [corrected] or NGFI-B), which translocates from the nucleus to mitochondria, where it interacts with Bcl-2 to induce apoptosis. Here, we report that RXRalpha is required for nuclear export and mitochondrial targeting of Nur77 through their unique heterodimerization that is mediated by dimerization interfaces located in their DNA-binding domain. The effects of RXRalpha are attributed to a putative nuclear export sequence (NES) present in its carboxyl-terminal region. RXRalpha ligands suppress NES activity by inducing RXRalpha homodimerization or altering RXRalpha/Nur77 heterodimerization. The RXRalpha NES is also silenced by RXRalpha heterodimerization with retinoic acid receptor or vitamin D receptor. Consistently, we were able to show that the mitochondrial targeting of the RXRalpha/Nur77 heterodimer and its induction of apoptosis are potently inhibited by RXR ligands. Together, our results reveal a novel nongenotropic function of RXRalpha and its involvement in the regulation of the Nur77-dependent apoptotic pathway [corrected]
[Restenosis after coronary angioplasty: its pathogenesis and prevention]. (1991)

Restenosis after coronary angioplasty is due to a proliferation of smooth muscle cells growing in the vascular lumen, beneath the residual fragments of the atherosclerotic plaque, as seen in necropsy studies and examination of the specimens removed by atherectomy. At the histological analysis thrombi or their fibrocellular organization are not usually detectable. Smooth muscle cell proliferation leading to restenosis is very similar to the one observed in the experimental models of response-to-injury, so that these models are used to investigate into the pathogenetic mechanisms of restenosis. The main stimulus to the loss of the contractile phenotype and to the start of the smooth muscle cell proliferation is represented by the growth factors delivered by platelets adhered to the disendothelialized wall and by the smooth muscle cells themselves, stretched during the dilatation. Other stimuli can be growth factors delivered by monocytes and fibroblasts, by thrombin, endothelin, angiotensin and interleukin 1. The elastic recoil of the vessel wall, the plaque debris and the regional wall shear stress can also contribute to restenosis. The restenosis tissue is different from the atheromatous plaque in that it is almost only constituted by smooth muscle cells and intercellular matrix, while atheroma is much more complex due to the presence of various kinds of cells, of necrotic debris and lipid substances. The smooth muscle cells proliferation also contributes to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, but the stimuli starting this process have not been clarified yet; moreover this process is much slower than restenosis, interacting with several factors. Encouraging results have been achieved in the prevention of restenosis after angioplasty in experimental models, but not in man. In order to reduce the incidence of restenosis one should improve the results of angioplasty, even by the use of atherectomy and intracoronary stents. Among pharmacologic approaches anticoagulants, heparin, antiplatelet agents, calcium-channel blockers, corticosteroids all proved ineffective. Studies are in progress evaluating the effect of inhibitors of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), antitumor agents and radiation therapy, hirudin, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors.
Currently Practised Sterilization Methods-Some Inadvertent Consequences (1995)

Currently used sterilization techniques such as ethylene oxide, gamma irradiation, and steam sterilization could introduce inadvertent consequences, especially in polymeric materials. These could have far-reaching effects on the biocompatibility of the materials. Some of these consequences are reviewed and a typical example of the effect of steam sterilization on the properties and biocompatibility of polyethylene terephthalate is discussed.
Isolation of Lymphocytopathic Retroviruses from San Francisco Patients with AIDS (1984)

Infectious retroviruses have been detected in 22 of 45 randomly selected patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and in other individuals from San Francisco. The AIDS-associated retroviruses (ARV) studied in detail had a type D morphology, Mg2+-dependent reverse transcriptase, and cytopathic effects on lymphocytes. The viruses can be propagated in an established adult human T cell line, HUT-78. They cross-react with antiserum to the lymphadenopathy-associated retrovirus isolated from AIDS patients in France. Antibodies to ARV were found in all 86 AIDS patients and in a high percentage of 88 other homosexual men in San Francisco. This observation indicates the widespread presence of these lymphocytopathic retroviruses and their close association with AIDS.
The structure of bacteriophage T7 lysozyme, a zinc amidase and an inhibitor of T7 RNA polymerase. (1994)

The lysozyme of bacteriophage T7 is a bifunctional protein that cuts amide bonds in the bacterial cell wall and binds to and inhibits transcription by T7 RNA polymerase. The structure of a mutant T7 lysozyme has been determined by x-ray crystallography and refined at 2.2-A resolution. The protein folds into an alpha/beta-sheet structure that has a prominent cleft. A zinc atom is located in the cleft, bound directly to three amino acids and, through a water molecule, to a fourth. Zinc is required for amidase activity but not for inhibition of T7 RNA polymerase. Alignment of the zinc ligands of T7 lysozyme with those of carboxypeptidase A and thermolysin suggests structural similarity among the catalytic sites for the amidase and these zinc proteases. Mutational analysis identified presumed catalytic residues for amidase activity within the cleft and a surface that appears to be the site of binding to T7 RNA polymerase. Binding of T7 RNA polymerase inhibits amidase activity.
Selectivity in Electrophoretically Mediated Microanalysis by Control of Product Detection Time (1994)

Differential electrophoretic mobility between an analyte and its product offers electrophoretically mediated microanalysis (EMMA) a unique capability to selectively control the detection time of the product of a reaction-based chemical analysis. If an analyte and its product differ in migration velocity under the influence of an applied electric field, the apparent velocity and, consequently, the detection time of the product are dependent upon the relative amounts of time the product effectively traverses the capillary with the respective mobilities of the analyte and the product. Consequently, by controlling when the analytical reaction is allowed to occur, the detection time of the reaction product can be selectively maneuvered within a time window defined by the mobilities of the analyte and the product. This paper describes the use of this technique to manipulate the detection time of product profiles independently of nonreacting matrix interferants for the determination of both enzymes and substrates by EMMA. Furthermore, the ability to manipulate product detection times allows for simultaneous EMMA determinations of multiple enzymes or substrates.
MindFinder (2010)

In this technical demonstration, we showcase the MindFinder system $-$ a novel image search engine. Different from existing interactive image search engines, most of which only provide image-level relevance feedback, MindFinder enables users to sketch and tag query images at object level. By considering the image database as a huge repository, MindFinder is able to help users present and refine their initial thoughts in their mind, and finally turn thoughts to a beautiful image(s). Multiple actions are enabled for users to flexibly design their queries in a bilateral interactive manner by leveraging the whole image database, including tagging, refining query by dragging and dropping objects from search results, as well as editing objects. After each action, the search results will be updated in real time to provide users up-to-date materials to further formulate the query. By the deliberate but easy design of the query, MindFinder not only tries to enable users to present on the query panel whatever they are imagining, but also returns to users the most similar images to the picture in users' mind. By scaling up the image database to 10 million, MindFinder has the potential to reveal whatever in users' mind, that is where the name MindFinder comes from.
The Molecular Defect in a COOH-terminal-modified and shOrtened Mutant of Human Serum Albumin (1989)

Albumin Venezia is a fast migrating genetic variant of human serum albumin which, in heterozygous subjects, represents about 30% of the circulating protein. The molecular defect in this variant was studied in a subject possessing an atypical level of the mutant (80% of the total protein) and in other members of his family. Albumins, isolated from the sera of the propositus and his heterozygous relatives, were treated with CNBr and the resulting fragments analyzed by isoelectric focusing. The peptides were then isolated in a homogeneous form by reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography and submitted to sequence analysis. The results show that albumin Venezia possesses a shortened polypeptide chain, 578 residues instead of 585, completely variant from residue 572 to the COOH-terminal end: sequence: (see text). This extensive modification may be accounted for by the deletion of exon 14 and translation to the first terminator codon of exon 15, which normally does not code for protein. The absence of a basic COOH-terminal dipeptide in the mature molecule can be explained by the probable action of serum carboxypeptidase N. Additional support for such action comes from examination of the remaining 20% of the total albumin of the propositus, which is found to contain an extra Arg at its COOH terminus, probably due to partial digestion by carboxypeptidase N. The low serum level of the variant in heterozygous subjects suggests that the COOH-terminal end of the molecule is critical for albumin stability.
Complex CORDIC-like algorithms for linearly constrained MVDR beamforming (2002)

In this paper we investigate the use of CORDIC-like approximate rotations for complex valued signal processing applications. In particular we design a processor array for minimum variance distortionless response (MVDR) beamforming with multiple constraints entirely based on linear and circular complex transformations. The required transformations are expressed as factorized transformations such that they can be represented as sets of real CORDIC-like modules.
DNA Amplification: Current Technologies and Applications (2005)

This generation has had the opportunity to witness remarkable changes in nucleic acid (DNA/RNA) amplification technologies over the past 20 years. These technologies have made significant contribut...
Sulfur-rich copolymers of sulfur with 5-vinylbicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene and tricyclo[5.2.1.0 2.6]deca-3,8-diene as prospective cathode materials for lithium cells (2002)

Catalytic copolymerization of sulfur with 5-vinylbicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene or tricyclo[5.2.1.0 2.6 ]deca-3,8-diene (sulfur:diene ratio=20:1) at 170 v °C in bulk or decalin in the presence of 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane or N,N,N,N-tetramethylethylenediamine in combination with CoCl 2 - 6H 2 O or Cu(acac) 2 occurs at two dienic double bonds to form partially cross-linked copolymers stable up to 200 v °C (DSC/TGA). Preliminary evaluation of the specific discharge capacity of cathodes made using the above copolymers in model lithium button cells gives 670-970 and 300-330 v mA - h - g m 1 in the 1st and 50th cycles, respectively.
Effect of Mechanical and Electrical Stresses on the Performance of an a-Si:H TFT on Plastic Substrate (2004)

We studied the effect of mechanical and electrical stresses on the performance of an hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) thin-film transistor (TFT) adopting an organic layer as the first gate insulator on plastic. The TFT with the maximum deposition temperature of 150°C exhibited a field-effect mobility of 0.4 cm2/Vs and a threshold voltage of 1.5 V and the leakage current of less than The individual transistors were strained by inward (compression) or outward (tension) cylindrical bending with parallel to the source-drain current path. The TFT performance was approximately unchanged until the strain was ±1%. The mobility had a linear relationship with strain near the flat region, which appeared to be due to the change in the disorder by bending. The bias-stress effect on the TFT performance depended on the strain induced on the a-Si:H by mechanical bending. © 2004 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Porous polymer fibers for low-loss Terahertz guiding (2008)

We propose two designs of effectively single mode porous polymer fibers for low-loss guiding of terahertz radiation. First, we present a fiber of several wavelengths in diameter containing an array of sub-wavelength holes separated by sub-wavelength material veins. Second, we detail a large diameter hollow core photonic bandgap Bragg fiber made of solid film layers suspended in air by a network of circular bridges. Numerical simulations of radiation, absorption and bending losses are presented; strategies for the experimental realization of both fibers are suggested. Emphasis is put on the optimization of the fiber geometries to increase the fraction of power guided in the air inside of the fiber, thereby alleviating the effects of material absorption and interaction with the environment. Total fiber loss of less than 10 dB/m, bending radii as tight as 3 cm, and fiber bandwidth of approximately 1 THz is predicted for the porous fibers with sub-wavelength holes. Performance of this fiber type is also compared to that of the equivalent sub-wavelength rod-in-the-air fiber with a conclusion that suggested porous fibers outperform considerably the rod-in-the-air fiber designs. For the porous Bragg fibers total loss of less than 5 dB/m, bending radii as tight as 12 cm, and fiber bandwidth of approximately 0.1 THz are predicted. oupling to the surface states of a multilayer reflector facilitated by the material bridges is determined as primary mechanism responsible for the reduction of the bandwidth of a porous Bragg fiber. In all the simulations, polymer fiber material is assumed to be Teflon with bulk absorption loss of 130 dB/m.
Estrogen Resistance Caused by a Mutation in the Estrogen-Receptor Gene in a Man (1994)

Disruption of the estrogen receptor in humans need not be lethal. Estrogen is important for bone maturation and mineralization in men as well as women.