gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A model for the quaternary structure of human placental insulin receptor deduced from electron microscopy. (1991)

Electrophoretically pure and functionally intact human placental insulin receptor was studied by electron microscopy with negative-staining techniques. The quaternary structure of the detergent-solubilized receptor was determined. The receptor had the shape of a letter T approximately 24 nm in height and 18 nm in width with a thickness of the stem and the crossbar of 3-4 nm. No consistent change in ultrastructure of the receptor could be detected after the addition of insulin alone or insulin and Mn2+/Mg2+/ATP. After partial reduction of the alpha 2 beta 2 heterotetrameric receptor into alpha beta heterodimers, the electron micrographs showed a clear reduction in average size of the molecule with disappearance of the T profiles characteristic of the alpha 2 beta 2 heterotetramers. By incubation of the heterodimers in a phosphorylation medium containing insulin, a reassociation to molecules with molecular weights of the alpha 2 beta 2 heterotetramer took place judged from SDS/PAGE. Electron microscopy showed that the molecule formed larger aggregates, and only a few solitary T-shaped copies were seen.
Relationship Between Ovarian Activity and Energy Status During the Early Postpartum Period of High Producing Dairy Cows (1990)

The effect of energy status upon ovarian activity during early lactation was assessed in 54 multiparous Holstein cows. Dry matter intake and milk yield were measured daily from parturition through 9 wk of lactation. Milk composition and body weight were measured weekly during this time. Energy balance corrected for body weight loss was calculated weekly. Blood was collected via tail vein three times weekly and plasma analyzed for progesterone and nonesterified fatty acids. Fifteen cows were anestrus for the 9 wk based on their plasma progesterone (less than 1 ng/ml). These cows were compared with two cycling groups, one group of 25 cows showing corpus luteum activity within 40 d after parturition and a second group of 14 cows showing corpus luteum activity between 40 and 60 d postpartum. Anestrus cows ate less feed, produced less milk, and lost more body weight, resulting in a more negative energy status than cycling cows. Differences in energy balance among cow groups were greatest the first 3 wk postpartum. Anestrus cows and cows showing corpus luteum activity between d 40 and 60 obtained more energy from body reserves for milk production the first 2 wk of lactation, than cows cycling prior to d 40.
Characterization of High Affinity Binding Sites for Charybdotoxin in Sarcolemmal Membranes from Bovine Aortic Smooth Muscle (1989)

Charybdotoxin (ChTX), a peptidyl inhibitor of the high conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel (PK,Ca), has been radiolabeled to high specific activity with 125I, and resulting derivatives have been well separated. The monoiodotyrosine adduct blocks PK,Ca in vascular smooth muscle with slightly reduced potency compared with the native peptide under defined experimental conditions. [125I]ChTX, representing this derivative, binds specifically and reversibly to a single class of sites in sarcolemmal membrane vesicles prepared from bovine aortic smooth muscle. These sites display a Kd of 100 pM for the iodinated toxin, as determined by either equilibrium or kinetic binding analyses. Binding site density is about 500 fmol/mg of protein in isolated membranes. The addition of low digitonin concentrations to disrupt the vesicle permeability barrier increases the maximum receptor concentration to 1.5 pmol/mg of protein, correlating with the observations that ChTX binds only at the external pore of PK,Ca and that the membrane preparation is of mixed polarity. Competition studies with ChTX yield a Ki of about 20 pM for native toxin. Binding of [125I]ChTX is modulated by ionic strength as well as by metal ions that are known to interact with PK,Ca. Moreover, tetraethylammonium ion, which blocks PK,Ca with moderately high affinity when applied at the external membrane surface, inhibits [125I]ChTX binding in an apparently competitive fashion with a Ki similar to that found for channel inhibition. In marked contrast, agents that do not inhibit PK,Ca in smooth muscle (e.g. tetrabutylammonium ion, other toxins homologous with ChTX, and pharmacological agents that modulate the activity of dissimilar ion channels) have no effect on [125I]ChTX binding in this tissue. Taken together, these results suggest that the binding sites for ChTX which are present in vascular smooth muscle are directly associated with PK,Ca, thus identifying [125I]ChTX as a useful probe for elucidating the biochemical properties of these channels.
Fabrication of 5nm linewidth and 14nm pitch features by nanoimprint lithography (2004)

We report advances in nanoimprint lithography, its application in nanogap metal contacts, and related fabrication yield. We have demonstrated 5nm linewidth and 14nm linepitch in resist using nanoimprint lithography at room temperature with a pressure less than 15psi. We fabricated gold contacts (for the application of single macromolecule devices) with 5nm separation by nanoimprint in resist and lift-off of metal. Finally, the uniformity and manufacturability of nanoimprint over a 4in. wafer were demonstrated.
Primary Fibromyalgia:A Clinical and Laboratory Study of 55 Patients (1986)

The clinical symptoms of 55 patients with primary fibromyalgia (PF) were studied and compared with 30 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The PF patients expressed a more intense feeling of illness than did the RA patients. Stiffness occurred just as often in PF as in RA. Trigger points occurred less frequently in RA patients. Muscular fatigue appeared to be one of the most disabling symptoms in PF. Neurophysiological studies indicated that the fatigue was at least partly of central origin. Ischemic forearm exercise test gave no evidence of impaired glycogenolysis. Laboratory investigation revealed normal 25-hydroxyvitamin D, cobalamin, folate, estrogen, testosterone, and myoglobin in the PF patients.
Design and characterization of single and multiple beam MM-wave circularly polarized substrate lens antennas for wireless communications (2003)

We present the design of single and multiple beam circularly polarized (CP) substrate lens antennas for wireless applications at 30 GHz. Circular polarization and high directivity are desirable features as they can effectively reduce multipath effects and maintain a proper link margin. In addition, multiple beam antennas can be utilized either for space division multiple access (SDMA) or for incorporating "smart" antenna features. The approach taken is to use an aperture coupled patch antenna as the lens feed in combination with low-cost plastic materials for making the lens. For the single-beam design, an ellipsoidal lens is utilized which leads to diffraction limited patterns on-axis. For the multiple-beam design, we choose a hexagonal arrangement of printed patch elements at the back of the lens to maximize scan coverage. Also, the extension length of the ellipsoidal lens is optimized to launch beams with roughly equal power densities.
Levodopa Infusion Therapy in Parkinson Disease (2004)

Orally administered levodopa, in combination with a decarboxylase inhibitor, is the gold standard therapy for Parkinson disease (PD). The problems in management of motor fluctuations in the advanced stages of the disorder are due to the close relationship between plasma levodopa levels and availability of dopamine at striatal receptor sites. The fluctuating levodopa concentrations are mainly explained by the fact that levodopa absorption only occurs in the proximal small intestine. The patient's motor function thus depends on gastric emptying, which is erratic and may even be delayed in PD. Oral therapy with sustained-release formulations and COMT inhibitors have not solved the problems satisfactorily. Therefore, infusions of levodopa by intravenous and enteral (duodenal/jejunal) routes of administration have been studied. In this review of the literature on clinically relevant levodopa infusion studies, it is shown that improvements regarding fluctuations in both plasma levodopa levels and motor performance have been repeatedly reported. The results acquired so far suggest that levodopa infusion is a safe and efficacious therapy. Recent drug delivery development and long-term studies have shown that infusion is a clinically feasible alternative to treat advanced PD.
Chemical Amplification in High-Resolution Imaging Systems (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemical Amplification in High-Resolution Imaging SystemsScott A. MacDonald, C. Grant Willson, and Jean M. J. FrechetCite this: Acc. Chem. Res. 1994, 27, 6, 151–158Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ar00042a001https://doi.org/10.1021/ar00042a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1271Altmetric-Citations212LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Nitridation of sapphire. Effect on the optical properties of GaN epitaxial overlayers (1996)

GaN layers were grown by gas-source molecular beam epitaxy on sapphire substrates using ammonia as a nitrogen source. The nitridation of an Al2O3 surface prior to the GaN growth was followed in situ by reflection high-energy electron diffraction. A strong variation of the surface lattice parameter was observed corresponding to the formation of an AlN relaxed layer. The nucleation of GaN on such a nitridated surface is facilitated, as checked by atomic force microscopy. Optimization of the nitridation procedure is achieved by investigating the photoluminescence properties of GaN thin films grown for different nitridation times. It is found that the band-edge and the yellow-band luminescences are strongly dependent on the nitridated starting surface. Finally, the optimized nitridation process is used to grow high-quality GaN epitaxial layers.
Pathways in pulmonary arterial hypertension: the future is here (2012)

It is well established that the endothelin, nitric oxide and prostacyclin pathways play an important role in the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Indeed, the therapeutic options currently available for the management of PAH all act on one of these mechanistic pathways. However, this is an exciting time for both clinicians and scientists, as increased understanding of the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis and progression of PAH has resulted in the development of a number of novel therapeutic options. This article highlights how the introduction of new compounds such as macitentan, riociguat and selexipag, which act on the endothelin, nitric oxide and prostacyclin pathways, respectively, have the potential to further improve the prognosis for patients with PAH.
416. Immunotherapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma With T Cells Engineered To Express Glypican-3-Specific Chimeric Antigen Receptors (2015)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer and the third most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide, with no curative therapies for unresectable HCC. Glypican-3 (GPC3), a membrane bound heparan sulfate proteoglycan is selectively expressed on HCC and has recently emerged as an attractive target for immunotherapy. GPC3-specific monoclonal antibody, GC33 has been shown to be safe in recent a Phase 1 clinical study. However, objective clinical responses to GC33 treatment were modest and transient. We hypothesized that the therapeutic efficacy of GPC3-targeting immunotherapy can be enhanced by combining the specificity of GC33 mAb with the advantages of adoptive cell therapy. To that end, we generated T cells genetically engineered to express GPC3 specific chimeric antigen receptors (GPC3 CARs). The signaling parts of GPC3 CAR constructs contained CD3ζ chain only (1st generation), with CD28 or 4-1BB (2nd generation), or both (3d generation) costimulatory endodomains. We found that GPC3 CAR T cells efficiently and specifically killed GPC3-positive HCC cell lines in vitro (figure 1); released IL-2 and IFN-γ, and proliferated in response to stimulation by HCC cell lines. The 2nd and 3rd generation GPC3 CARs induced superior killing, cytokine release and T cell expansion compared to 1st generation GPC3 CAR. Importantly, 2nd and 3rd generation GPC3 CAR T cells demonstrated curative antitumor activity by eliminating established orthotopic GPC3-positive Huh-7 xenografts in NOD/SCID/IL2gnull (NSG) mice. The results provide justification for testing safety and efficacy of GPC3 CAR T cells in a Phase 1/2a clinical trial in HCC patients.
Interaction of Poly[N-(3-aminopropyl)glycine] and Its Derivatives with Lipid Membrane (1988)

Abstract Poly[N-(3-aminopropyl)glycine] (PolyNAPGly, 5) and its derivatives were synthesized as model peptides of the membrane-bound enzymes, and investigated on their interactions with lipid membrane. PolyNAPGly (5) was shown to be distributed to dipalmitoylphosphatidyl choline bilayer membrane without destruction of the vesicle structure. Dodecyl groups were introduced to the side chains of PolyNAPGly (5), and found to facilitate binding of the polymer to lipid membrane. However, the introduction of the excess amount of hydrophobic groups to PolyNAPGly (5) caused the formation of polymer micelles, and the addition of such polymers to lipid vesicles destroyed the membrane structure. The derivative of PolyNAPGly (5) (n=35) bearing one or two dodecyl groups and some Nε-benzyloxycarbonylhistidyl groups was found to be bound tightly to lipid membrane without destruction of the membrane structure. The addition of these polypeptides to vesicles decreased the membrane fluidity.
Identification of Two Genes Required in Tomato for Full Cf-9: Dependent Resistance to Cladosporium fulvum (1994)

Kim E. Hammond-Kosack, David A. Jones, Jonathan D. G. Jones, Identification of Two Genes Required in Tomato for Full Cf-9: Dependent Resistance to Cladosporium fulvum, The Plant Cell, Vol. 6, No. 3 (Mar., 1994), pp. 361-374
The Arabidopsis SKP1-LIKE1 gene is essential for male meiosis and may control homologue separation (1999)

The yeast and human SKP1 genes regulate the mitotic cell cycle but are not yet known to be required for meiosis. Nine Arabidopsis SKP1 homologues have been uncovered and are named ASK1 through ASK9. Here, we report the isolation and characterization of a male sterile Arabidopsis mutant and show that the mutant defect was caused by a Ds transposon insertion into the ASK1 gene. In the ask1-1 mutant, abnormal microspores exhibit a range of sizes. Furthermore, during mutant male meiosis, although homologous chromosome pairing appeared normal at metaphase I, chromosome segregation at anaphase I is unequal, and some chromosomes are abnormally extended. Therefore, in ask1-1, at least some homologues remain associated after metaphase I. In addition, immunofluorescence microscopy indicates that the mutant spindle morphology at both metaphase I and early anaphase I is normal; thus, the abnormal chromosome segregation is not likely caused by a spindle defect. Because the yeast Skp1p is required for targeting specific proteins for ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, we propose that ASK1 controls homologue separation by degrading or otherwise removing a protein that is required directly or indirectly for homologue association before anaphase I.
Guanidinylated Neomycin Mediates Heparan Sulfate–dependent Transport of Active Enzymes to Lysosomes (2010)

Guanidinylated neomycin (GNeo) can transport bioactive, high molecular weight cargo into the interior of cells in a process that depends on cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans. In this report, we show that GNeo-modified quantum dots bind to cell surface heparan sulfate, undergo endocytosis and eventually reach the lysosomal compartment. An N-hydroxysuccinimide activated ester of GNeo (GNeo-NHS) was prepared and conjugated to two lysosomal enzymes, beta-D-glucuronidase (GUS) and alpha-L-iduronidase. Conjugation did not interfere with enzyme activity and enabled binding of the enzymes to heparin-Sepharose and heparan sulfate on primary human fibroblasts. Cells lacking the corresponding lysosomal enzyme took up sufficient amounts of the conjugated enzymes to restore normal turnover of glycosaminoglycans. The high capacity of proteoglycan-mediated uptake suggests that this method of delivery might be used for enzyme replacement or introduction of foreign enzymes into cells.
AEROBIC SPORULATING BACTERIA I (1962)

Bach, John A. (Michigan State University, East Lansing) and H. L. Sadoff. Aerobic sporulating bacteria. I. Glucose dehydrogenase of Bacillus cereus. J. Bacteriol. 83:699-707. 1962.-A heat-resistant glucose dehydrogenase occurs in cultures of Bacillus cereus which are in the initial stages of sporulation. This enzyme is, kinetically, identical to the glucose dehydrogenase which can be extracted from mature spores, but is considerably more heat resistant than the spore-free enzyme. The two enzymes produce identity lines in two-dimensional immunodiffusion experiments, and their behavior in chromatographic and electrophoretic studies is also identical.A labile glucose dehydrogenase can be extracted from germinated spores of B. cereus. It differs from its stable counterparts in possessing a higher pH optimum for enzymatic activity.
ATP9B, a P4-ATPase (a Putative Aminophospholipid Translocase), Localizes to the trans-Golgi Network in a CDC50 Protein-independent Manner (2011)

Type IV P-type ATPases (P4-ATPases) are putative phospholipid flippases that translocate phospholipids from the exoplasmic (lumenal) to the cytoplasmic leaflet of lipid bilayers and are believed to function in complex with CDC50 proteins. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, five P4-ATPases are localized to specific cellular compartments and are required for vesicle-mediated protein transport from these compartments, suggesting a role for phospholipid translocation in vesicular transport. The human genome encodes 14 P4-ATPases and three CDC50 proteins. However, the subcellular localization of human P4-ATPases and their interactions with CDC50 proteins are poorly understood. Here, we show that class 5 (ATP10A, ATP10B, and ATP10D) and class 6 (ATP11A, ATP11B, and ATP11C) P4-ATPases require CDC50 proteins, primarily CDC50A, for their exit from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and final subcellular localization. In contrast, class 2 P4-ATPases (ATP9A and ATP9B) are able to exit the ER in the absence of exogenous CDC50 expression: ATP9B, but not ATP11B, was able to exit the ER despite depletion of CDC50 proteins by RNAi. Although ATP9A and ATP9B show a high overall sequence similarity, ATP9A localizes to endosomes and the trans-Golgi network (TGN), whereas ATP9B localizes exclusively to the TGN. A chimeric ATP9 protein in which the N-terminal cytoplasmic region of ATP9A was replaced with the corresponding region of ATP9B was localized exclusively to the Golgi. These results indicate that ATP9B is able to exit the ER and localize to the TGN independently of CDC50 proteins and that this protein contains a Golgi localization signal in its N-terminal cytoplasmic region.
Fast pre-authentication based on proactive key distribution for 802.11 infrastructure networks (2005)

Recently, user mobility in wireless data networks is increasing because of the popularity of portable devices and the desire for voice and multimedia applications. These applications, however, require fast handoffs among base stations to maintain the quality of the connections. Re-authentication during handoff procedures causes a long handoff latency which affects the flow and service quality especially for multimedia applications. Therefore minimizing re-authentication latency is crucial in order to support real-time multimedia applications on public wireless IP networks.In this paper, we proposed two fast re-authentication methods based on the predictive authentication mechanism defined by IEEE 802.11i security group. We have implemented these methods in an experimental test-bed using freeware and commodity 802.11 hardware and we demonstrate that they provide significant latency reductions compared to already proposed solutions. Conducted measurements show a very low latency not exceeding 50 ms under extreme congested network conditions.
Aperius PercLID Stand Alone Interspinous System for the Treatment of Degenerative Lumbar Stenosis (2010)

These results indicate that Aperius PercLID system offers an easy, safe, and effective treatment for patients with lumbar degenerative stenosis. Thus, this device system treatment represents a valid alternative to the traditional surgical techniques.
Pole-Placement Control of a Pilot Gantry (1989)

The paper introduces briefly the model of a pilot gantry and its instrumentation. To speed up the load transfer without strengthening the load swing presumes sophisticated control algorithms. The applicability of an adaptive type of pole-placement controller based on the polynomial time-discrete approach is studied.
Enhancement of the photovoltaic performance in PbS nanocrystal:P3HT hybrid composite devices by post-treatment-driven ligand exchange (2009)

A methodology for achieving versatile and facile ligand exchange by post-fabrication chemical treatment in PbS nanocrystal:poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) hybrid composite photovoltaic devices is demonstrated. We report a considerable improvement of the photovoltaic performance after post-fabrication chemical treatment using acetic acid to produce PbS nanocrystals surrounded by short-length ligands. Annealing induced morphological and photovoltaic performance changes in the resulting composite devices were investigated as a function of the annealing time.
Thermosetting Adhesive Based on Tannin and Poly(N-Hydroxymethyl Acrylamide) (2008)

A thermosetting adhesive consisting of tannin and poly(N-hydroxymethylacrylamide) was studied. This adhesive is an environmentally friendly one using only water as the solvent and is partly based on a natural product. It showed good bonding strength and water resistance for a wood product although those properties were lower than the level of phenol-formaldehyde resin.