gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Immunosenescence and Inflamm-Aging As Two Sides of the Same Coin: Friends or Foes? (2018)

The immune system is the most important protective physiological system of the organism. It has many connections with other systems and is, in fact, often considered as part of the larger neuro-endocrine-immune axis. Most experimental data on immune changes with aging show a decline in many immune parameters when compared to young healthy subjects. The bulk of these changes is termed immunosenescence. Immunosenescence has been considered for some time as detrimental because it often leads to subclinical accumulation of pro-inflammatory factors and inflamm-aging. Together, immunosenescence and inflamm-aging are suggested to stand at the origin of most of the diseases of the elderly, such as infections, cancer, autoimmune disorders, and chronic inflammatory diseases. However, an increasing number of immune-gerontologists have challenged this negative interpretation of immunosenescence with respect to its significance in aging-related alterations of the immune system. If one considers these changes from an evolutionary perspective, they can be viewed preferably as adaptive or remodeling rather than solely detrimental. Whereas it is conceivable that global immune changes may lead to various diseases, it is also obvious that these changes may be needed for extended survival/longevity. Recent cumulative data suggest that, without the existence of the immunosenescence/inflamm-aging duo (representing two sides of the same phenomenon), human longevity would be greatly shortened. This review summarizes recent data on the dynamic reassessment of immune changes with aging. Accordingly, attempts to intervene on the aging immune system by targeting its rejuvenation, it may be more suitable to aim to maintain general homeostasis and function by appropriately improving immune-inflammatory-functions.
Effects of hypertension and coronary constriction on cardiac function, morphology, and contractile proteins in rats (1993)

In an attempt to elucidate the effects of two major risk factors of heart failure in humans, high blood pressure and coronary artery disease, renal hypertension and coronary artery constriction were induced singularly and in combination in rats, and the functional, structural, and biochemical alterations of the myocardium were examined 12-13 wk later. Renal hypertension (RH), coronary narrowing (CN), and their association (NH) resulted in left ventricular failure demonstrated by a significant increase in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, a decrease in +dP/dt and -dP/dt, and a reduction in stroke volume and cardiac output. Measurements of ventricular loading documented that RH was characterized by elevations in systolic and diastolic wall stress of 42 and 160%, respectively. Corresponding changes with NH were 80 and 315%. CN was accompanied by an augmentation of diastolic wall stress only (280%). The abnormalities in mural stress were coupled with reductions in systolic and diastolic wall thickness-to-chamber radius ratios of 39 and 29% after CN. These anatomic parameters were preserved with RH, whereas the systolic wall thickness-to-chamber radius ratio was reduced 31% with NH. Structurally, multiple foci of replacement fibrosis were found with each intervention. The sites of tissue injury and their volume percent in the myocardium were comparable with CN and RH but were significantly more numerous and occupied a larger fraction of the ventricular wall in the presence of NH. Biochemically, the calcium dose-response curve of myofibrillar Mg2+ adenosinetriphosphatase (ATPase) activity did not vary with CN, RH, and NH. In contrast, a marked decrease in Ca2+ myosin ATPase activity was found in NH rats in association with a shift in myosin isoenzymes from V1 to V3. In conclusion, multiple physiological, morphological, and biochemical factors may participate in the generation of the abnormalities in ventricular loading with hypertension and/or coronary artery stenosis.
Effects of anti-C5a antibodies on the adult respiratory distress syndrome in septic primates. (1986)

In vitro and in vivo studies have suggested that human complement component C5a plays a key role in neutrophil injury in the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). First, using leukocyte aggregometry, we demonstrated that the addition of a recently developed rabbit anti-human polyclonal antibody to C5a des arg to endotoxin-activated plasma prevented leukocyte aggregation in vitro. We then administered the anti-C5a des arg antibody to septic primates (Macaca fascicularis). Three groups of primates, control, septic, and anti-C5a antibody treated septic, were studied (n = 4 in each group). A 30-min infusion of Escherichia coli (1 X 10(10)/kg) resulted in severe sepsis and ARDS. Primates were killed 4 h after completion of the E. coli infusion. Septic animals not treated with anti-C5a antibody had 75% mortality (3/4), decreased oxygenation, severe pulmonary edema, and profound hypotension. Septic primates treated with anti-C5a antibodies did not die and did not develop decreased oxygenation (P less than 0.05) or increased extravascular lung water (P less than 0.05). They also had a marked recovery in their mean arterial blood pressure (P less than 0.05). This study demonstrates that treatment with rabbit anti-human C5a des arg antibodies attenuates ARDS and some of the systemic manifestations of sepsis in nonhuman primates.
Hybrid heterogeneous energy supply networks (2011)

Efficient energy supply, storage, and distribution are key technical challenges for design and operation of electronic systems. In particular, energy supply is the most scarce resource and constraint for mobile embedded systems where the supply lifetime, cost, weight, size, and portability are major concerns. With the advent of newer electrical energy supply and storage technologies, energy supplies with differing energy/power storage densities, cost, size, and recycling abilities are becoming available. Efficient system design requires an exact matching between the fluctuating load demands and the underlying energy resources. Combining the energy supplies in a hierarchical way creates a unique opportunity for efficient matching and variable load serving. Such a heterogeneous hybrid network of energy supply components could address a variety of power needs and serve a much broader range of system loads with a high efficiency. This paper presents a Hierarchial Architecture of Heterogenous Electrical Energy Supplies (HierArcHEES) that can be tuned to different load demands.
Stressed apoptotic tumor cells express heat shock proteins and elicit tumor-specific immunity (2001)

In attempting to develop effective anticancer immunotherapies, the relative ability of apoptotic cells to induce an immune response remains an important but controversial consideration. A novel gene-transfer approach was used by which rapid induction of pure apoptosis can be selectively achieved in a transfected tumor cell population following exposure to a semisynthetic dimerizing ligand, AP20187. Inoculation of BALB/c mice with apoptotic and viable 12B1-D1 leukemia cells, at a 12:1 ratio subcutaneously, led to early tumor growth. Heat stress up-regulated the expression of membrane heat shock proteins (HSP72 and HSP60) on apoptotic 12B1-D1 cells, and stressed apoptotic cells were capable of generating a T-cell-mediated specific antitumor response. Pulsing of stressed apoptotic leukemia cells onto syngeneic dendritic cells resulted largely in rejection of coinjected viable 12B1-D1 cells. Mice rejecting the primary 12B1-D1 inoculum were immune to the same but not to a different leukemia challenge. Our findings indicate that tumor immunogenicity is dependent on whether cells are stressed before apoptosis induction and suggest that the immune system is capable of distinguishing between stressed and nonstressed cells undergoing programmed cell death. (Blood. 2001;97:3505-3512)
PREPARATION OF TOSYLATES OF PHENOLS AND ACIDIC ALCOHOLS (1969)

(1969). PREPARATION OF TOSYLATES OF PHENOLS AND ACIDIC ALCOHOLS. Organic Preparations and Procedures: Vol. 1, No. 4, pp. 225-228.
A quantum Fredkin gate (2016)

Minimizing the resources required to build logic gates into useful processing circuits is key to realizing quantum computers. Although the salient features of a quantum computer have been shown in proof-of-principle experiments, difficulties in scaling quantum systems have made more complex operations intractable. This is exemplified in the classical Fredkin (controlled-SWAP) gate for which, despite theoretical proposals, no quantum analog has been realized. By adding control to the SWAP unitary, we use photonic qubit logic to demonstrate the first quantum Fredkin gate, which promises many applications in quantum information and measurement. We implement example algorithms and generate the highest-fidelity three-photon Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states to date. The technique we use allows one to add a control operation to a black-box unitary, something that is impossible in the standard circuit model. Our experiment represents the first use of this technique to control a two-qubit operation and paves the way for larger controlled circuits to be realized efficiently.
La OTAN en el año 2006 (1985)

Monoclonal antibodies to tissue type plasminogen activator (t-PA), urokinase (u-PA) and alpha-2-antiplasmin were obtained by immunizing Balb C mice with the respective purified antigens and fusion of spleen cells with mouse myeloma cells (NSO). The selected monoclonal antibodies reacted exclusively with the respective antigens used for immunization. 3 out of 7 monoclonal antibodies directed against t-PA inhibited plasminogen activation by t-PA and 6 of 7 interfered with the fibrin potentiating effect. Only one out of 5 monoclonal antibodies directed against u-PA inhibited plasminogen activation by u-PA. None of the monoclonal antibodies directed against t-PA or u-PA inhibited the cleavage of low molecular weight paranitroanilide substrates by the respective plasminogen activators. Likewise, the 3 monoclonal antibodies to alpha-2-antiplasmin did not functionally inhibit alpha-2-antiplasmin. The selected monoclonal antibodies were used to develop sensitive test systems for the respective antigens. The lower detection limit for determination of t-PA was found to be 0.5 ng/ml, for determination of u-PA 0.05 ng/ml, and for determination of alpha-2-antiplasmin 5 ng/ml.
Coherent Ising machine based on degenerate optical parametric oscillators (2013)

A degenerate optical parametric oscillator network is proposed to solve the NP-hard problem of finding a ground state of the Ising model. The underlying operating mechanism originates from the bistable output phase of each oscillator and the inherent preference of the network in selecting oscillation modes with the minimum photon decay rate. Computational experiments are performed on all instances reducible to the NP-hard MAX-CUT problems on cubic graphs of order up to 20. The numerical results reasonably suggest the effectiveness of the proposed network.
Wild-type adenovirus type 5 transforming genes function as transdominant suppressors of oncogenesis in mutant adenovirus type 5 transformed rat embryo fibroblast cells. (1993)

Transformation of cloned rat embryo fibroblast (CREF) cells with the host-range adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) mutant, H5hr1, results in transformants with a fibroblastic morphology which displays a cold-sensitive transformation phenotype and oncogenic potential in both nude mice and syngeneic rats. In contrast, wild-type (wt) Ad5 transformed CREF cells are epithelioid in morphology, temperature independent for transformation, and nontumorigenic. The present studies were conducted to analyze the contribution of the mutated E1A and E1B regions of H5hr1 in regulating the biological properties of H5hr1-transformed CREF cells. CREF cells were constructed which contain the mutated E1A and E1B transforming regions of H5hr1 and either a wt Ad5 E1A gene, a wt Ad5 E1B gene, or both a wt Ad5 E1A and a wt E1B gene. A wt Ad5 E1A gene was sufficient in reversing the cold-sensitive transformation phenotype. By using a wt Ad5 E1A gene under the transcriptional control of a dexamethasone-inducible mouse mammary tumor virus promoter, a direct suppressive effect of wt Ad5 E1A on colony formation in monolayer culture and agar growth of H5hr1-transformed cells was demonstrated. Expression of a wt Ad5 E1A, a wt Ad5 E1B, or both wt transforming genes in H5hr1-transformed CREF cells also suppressed oncogenicity. The ability or inability to form tumors in animals was found not to correlate with sensitivity to natural killer cell-mediated lysis. These results indicate that both the wt Ad5 E1A and wt Ad5 E1B genes can function as dominant suppressors of the oncogenic process when coexpressed in H5hr1-transformed CREF cells. This effect does not require large quantities of wt Ad5 E1A or E1B transforming proteins, nor is it directly related to the acquisition of a natural killer cell cytolysis-susceptible phenotype.
Photochemistry of (Benzophenonylmethyl)-tri-n-butylammonium Triphenylbutylborate: Inter- and Intra-Ion-Pair Electron Transfer Photoreduction (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotochemistry of (Benzophenonylmethyl)-tri-n-butylammonium Triphenylbutylborate: Inter- and Intra-Ion-Pair Electron Transfer PhotoreductionS. Hassoon, A. Sarker, M. A. J. Rodgers, and D. C. NeckersCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 45, 11369–11370Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00150a047https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00150a047research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views199Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Knowledge-based 3D segmentation and reconstruction of coronary arteries using CT images (2005)

An approach for the 3D segmentation and reconstruction of human left coronary arteries using angio-CT images is presented in This work. Each voxel in the 3D dataset is assumed to belong to one of the three homogeneous regions: blood, myocardium, and lung. A priori knowledge of the regions is introduced via Bayes' rule. Posterior probabilities obtained using Bayes' rule are anisotropically smoothed, and the 3D segmentation is obtained via MAP classifications of the smoothed posteriors. An active contour model is then applied to extract the coronary arteries from the rest of the volumetric data with subvoxel accuracy. The geometric model of the left coronary arteries obtained in this work may be used to provide accurate boundary conditions for hemodynamic simulations, or to provide objective measurements of clinically relevant parameters such as lumen sizes in a 3D sense.
Visualizing cytoskeleton dynamics in mammalian cells using a humanized variant of monomeric red fluorescent protein (2006)

Fluorescent proteins are versatile tools for live cell imaging studies. In particular, recent progress was achieved in the development of monomeric red fluorescent proteins (mRFPs) that show improved properties in respect to maturation and intracellular fluorescence. mRFPmars, a red fluorescent protein designed especially for the use in Dictyostelium, proved to be a brilliant label for different cytoskeletal elements. Here we report on the synthesis of a humanized version of a monomeric RFP, mRFPruby, which differs in sequence from mRFPmars in four amino acids and has a codon usage that is optimized for the application in mammalian cells. In order to demonstrate the usefulness of this new mRFP variant, mRFPruby fused to beta-actin was expressed in different mouse cell lines and used to visualize actin cytoskeleton dynamics by live cell microscopy.
Discovery of Immunostimulatory CpG-DNA and Its Application to Tuberculosis Vaccine Development (2002)

DNA containing an unmethylated CpG motif has a potent immunostimulatory effect on the vertebrate immune system. Because such CpG motifs are relatively common in bacterial DNA, but rare in mammalian animal and plant DNA, they may be an evolutionary adaptation augmenting innate immunity, most likely in response to pathogens that replicate within the host cells, such as viruses and intracellular bacteria. Microbial infection induces innate immunity by triggering pattern-recognition systems. The infected cells produce proinflammatory cytokines that directly combat microbial invaders and express costimulating surface molecules, which develop adaptive immunity by inducing distinct T cell differentiation. Bacterial DNA with unmethylated CpG-DNA stimulates vertebrate immature immune cells to induce maturation and to produce TNF-alpha as well as Th1-type cytokines, IL-12 and IFN-gamma. Therefore, CpG-DNA functions as an adjuvant for regulating the initiation of Th1 differentiation. The roles of immunostimulatory CpG motifs in DNA vaccine developments and in therapeutic applications have been discussed.
A scene adaptive and signal adaptive quantization for subband image and video compression using wavelets (1997)

The discrete wavelet transform (DWT) provides an advantageous framework of multiresolution space-frequency representation with promising applications in image processing. The challenge as well as the opportunity in wavelet-based compression is to exploit the characteristics of the subband coefficients with respect to both spectral and spatial localities. A common problem with many existing quantization methods is that the inherent image structures are severely distorted with coarse quantization. Observation shows that subband coefficients with the same magnitude generally do not have the same perceptual importance. We propose in this paper a scene adaptive and signal adaptive quantization scheme capable of exploiting the spectral and spatial localization properties resulting from the wavelet transform. The quantization is implemented as maximum a posteriori probability estimation-based clustering in which subband coefficients are quantized to their cluster means, subject to local spatial constraints. The intensity distribution of each cluster within a subband is modeled by an optimal Laplacian source to achieve signal adaptivity, while spatial constraints are enforced by appropriate Gibbs random fields (GRF) to achieve scene adaptivity. With spatially isolated coefficients removed and clustered coefficients retained at the same time, the available bits are allocated to visually important scene structures so that the information loss is least perceptible. Furthermore, the reconstruction noise in the decompressed image can be suppressed using another GRF-based enhancement algorithm.
A Robust Deep Model for Improved Classification of AD/MCI Patients (2015)

Accurate classification of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and its prodromal stage, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), plays a critical role in possibly preventing progression of memory impairment and improving quality of life for AD patients. Among many research tasks, it is of a particular interest to identify noninvasive imaging biomarkers for AD diagnosis. In this paper, we present a robust deep learning system to identify different progression stages of AD patients based on MRI and PET scans. We utilized the dropout technique to improve classical deep learning by preventing its weight coadaptation, which is a typical cause of overfitting in deep learning. In addition, we incorporated stability selection, an adaptive learning factor, and a multitask learning strategy into the deep learning framework. We applied the proposed method to the ADNI dataset, and conducted experiments for AD and MCI conversion diagnosis. Experimental results showed that the dropout technique is very effective in AD diagnosis, improving the classification accuracies by 5.9% on average as compared to the classical deep learning methods.
Identification of Potential Target Genes for Adr1p through Characterization of Essential Nucleotides in UAS1 (1994)

Adr1p is a regulatory protein in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae that binds to and activates transcription from two sites in a perfect 22-bp inverted repeat, UAS1, in the ADH2 promoter. Binding requires two C2H2 zinc fingers and a region amino terminal to the fingers. The importance for DNA binding of each position within UAS1 was deduced from two types of assays. Both methods led to an identical consensus sequence containing only four essential base pairs: GG(A/G)G. The preferred sequence, TTGG(A/G)GA, is found in both halves of the inverted repeat. The region of Adr1p amino terminal to the fingers is important for phosphate contacts in the central region of UAS1. However, no base-specific contacts in this portion of UAS1 are important for DNA binding or for ADR1-dependent transcription in vivo. When the central 6 bp were deleted, only a single monomer of Adr1p was able to bind in vitro and activation in vivo was severely reduced. On the basis of these results and previous knowledge about the DNA binding site requirements, including constraints on the spacing and orientation of sites that affect activation in vivo, a consensus binding site for Adr1p was derived. By using this consensus site, potential Adr1p binding sites were located in the promoters of genes known to show ADR1-dependent expression. In addition, this consensus allowed the identification of new potential target genes for Adr1p.
Role of the Myosin Assembly Protein UNC-45 as a Molecular Chaperone for Myosin (2002)

The organization of myosin into motile cellular structures requires precise temporal and spatial regulation. Proteins containing a UCS (UNC-45/CRO1/She4p) domain are necessary for the incorporation of myosin into the contractile ring during cytokinesis and into thick filaments during muscle development. We report that the carboxyl-terminal regions of UNC-45 bound and exerted chaperone activity on the myosin head. The amino-terminal tetratricopeptide repeat domain of UNC-45 bound the molecular chaperone Hsp90. Thus, UNC-45 functions both as a molecular chaperone and as an Hsp90 co-chaperone for myosin, which can explain previous findings of altered assembly and decreased accumulation of myosin in UNC-45 mutants of Caenorhabditis elegans.