gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A comparison of the contractile effects of 5‐hydroxytryptamine, sumatriptan and MK‐462 on human coronary artery in vitro. (1995)

1. MK-462 (N,N-dimethyl-2-[5-(1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1H- indol-3-yl]ethylamine) is a novel selective 5-HT1D-receptor agonist which in clinical trials has been shown to be an effective antimigraine agent. As angiographic studies have shown that sumatriptan (an established 5-HT1D-receptor agonist) can cause coronary artery vasoconstriction in patients, we compared the effects of MK-462 with those of 5-HT and those of sumatriptan, on isolated segments of human coronary artery in vitro. 2. Coronary arteries were obtained from explanted hearts from patients (n = 22, 2 females, 20 males, aged 21-60 years) undergoing cardiac transplantation. Endothelium-denuded ring segments of coronary artery, 2mm long were mounted in organbaths for isometric tension recording. For each arterial ring segment, a cumulative concentration-effect curve to either 5-HT, sumatriptan or MK-462 was determined. After maximal response to each agonist had been obtained, ketanserin (a 5-HT2 receptor antagonist) 0.6 microM was added to the tissue bath, followed by methiotepin (0.6 microM) and the reduction in tension produced by the addition of each antagonist was determined. 3. Out of 22 coronary arteries studied, only 10 showed any response (contraction) to 5-HT. Not all arteries which responded to 5-HT contracted in response to both sumatriptan and MK-462 (one ring from each artery being exposed to a single agonist in each case).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Biofabrication of Nanocellulose–Mycelium Hybrid Materials (2020)

Abstract Healthy material alternatives based on renewable resources and sustainable technologies have the potential to disrupt the environmentally damaging production and consumption practices established throughout the modern industrial era. In this study, a mycelium–nanocellulose biocomposite with hybrid properties is produced by the agitated liquid culture of a white‐rot fungus ( Trametes ochracea ) with nanocellulose (NC) comprised as part of the culture media. Mycelial development proceeds via the formation of pellets, where NC is enriched in the pellets and depleted from the surrounding liquid media. Micrometer‐scale NC elements become engulfed in mycelium, whereas it is hypothesized that the nanometer‐scale fraction becomes integrated within the hyphal cell wall, such that all NC in the system is essentially surface‐modified by mycelium. The NC confers mechanical strength to films processed from the biocomposite, whereas the mycelium screens typical cellulose–water interactions, giving fibrous slurries that dewater faster and films that exhibit significantly improved wet resistance in comparison to pure NC films. The mycelium–nanocellulose biocomposites are processable in the ways familiar to papermaking and are suggested for diverse applications, including packaging, filtration, and hygiene products.
The Reaction of Lithium Aluminum Hybride with Alcohols. Lithium Tri-t-butoxyaluminohydride as a New Selective Reducing Agent1,2 (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Reaction of Lithium Aluminum Hybride with Alcohols. Lithium Tri-t-butoxyaluminohydride as a New Selective Reducing Agent1,2Herbert C. Brown and Richard F. McFarlinCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1958, 80, 20, 5372–5376Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1958https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01553a013https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01553a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1775Altmetric-Citations103LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Light-induced off-diagonal thermoelectric effect via indirect optical heating of incline-oriented CaxCoO2 thin film (2012)

Light-induced off-diagonal thermoelectric (ODTE) effect has been investigated in CaxCoO2 thin film coupled with a gold black light absorption layer. Increased light absorption at the gold black layer resulted in considerable enhancement of the steady-state thermoelectric voltage from the CaxCoO2 film upon continuous light heating. However, we found that the indirect optical heating process highly deteriorates the input thermal energy pulse in time-domain, and leads to significant reduction in the transient voltage generated upon pulsed light heating. The result manifests the importance of adequate thermal design of absorption layers for fabrication of light detection devices based on the ODTE effect.
Microfabrication of metal-semiconductor heterostructures and tubules using nuclear track filters (1993)

An electrochemical technique is described that makes use of pores of nuclear track filters as templates for synthesis of metal-semiconductor (Cu-Se) heterostructures and Se microtubules. Some possible applications of the microtubules and heterostructures are also suggested.
Modulation of transforming growth factor β response and signaling during transdifferentiation of rat hepatic stellate cells to myofibroblasts (2000)

Activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is the key step in liver fibrogenesis. Increased transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) expression and extracellular matrix production in patients with hepatic fibrosis and experimental models of liver fibrogenesis support implication of TGF-beta in the pathogenesis of this disease. However, a causative role for TGF-beta during transdifferentiation of HSCs has not been delineated in molecular detail. Using a rat cell culture model of HSC transdifferentiation, we analyzed TGF-beta signal transduction and identified changes between stellate cells and their transdifferentiated phenotype. Fully transdifferentiated myofibroblasts, opposed to HSCs, were not inhibited in proliferation activity on treatment with TGF-beta1. Furthermore, stimulation of alpha2 (I) collagen and Smad7 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression by TGF-beta1 was achieved in stellate cells but not in myofibroblasts. Northern and Western blot analyses indicated significant expression of TGF-beta receptors I and II in both cell types. In contrast, [(125)I]-TGF-beta1 receptor affinity labeling displayed strongly reduced types I, II, and III receptor presentation at the cell surface of myofibroblasts. Moreover, myofibroblasts did not display DNA-binding SMAD proteins in electrophoretic mobility shift assays with a CAGA box. These data indicate that stellate cells are responsive to TGF-beta1 treatment and transduce a signal that may play an important role in liver fibrogenesis. Myofibroblasts display decreased availability of surface receptors for TGF-beta, which could be based on autocrine stimulation. However, lack of activated SMAD complexes with DNA-binding activity and absence of alpha2 (I) collagen transcription inhibition by latency-associated peptide (LAP)/anti-TGF-beta antibody raise the possibility of TGF-beta signaling independent receptor down-regulation in myofibroblasts.
X‐Ray Investigation of Boron‐ and Germanium‐Doped Silicon Epitaxial Layers (1984)

The lattice strain in highly boron‐doped, highly germanium‐doped, and simultaneously boron‐and‐germanium‐doped epitaxial layers was investigated by means of x‐ray techniques. The lattice‐contraction coefficient was determined for both impurities, and was found to be for boron and for germanium doping. A simple linear superposition of calculated or experimentally determined lattice‐contraction coefficients obtained for layers doped with boron vs. those doped with germanium does not yield satisfactory results in estimating the germanium concentration necessary for strain compensation in highly boron‐doped layers. Strain‐compensated dislocation‐free epitaxial layers were fabricated with a boron concentration of , using a germanium concentration of .
Inhibition of host extracellular matrix destructive enzyme production and activity by a high‐molecular‐weight cranberry fraction (2006)

These results suggest that cranberry compounds offer promising perspectives for the development of novel host-modulating strategies for an adjunctive treatment of periodontitis.
Human Body Composition, 2nd Edition (2005)

Human Body Composition, 2nd Edition Editors: Heymsfield, Steven B., MD; Lohman, Timothy G., PhD; Wang, ZiMian, PhD; Going, Scott B., PhD Bibliographic Data: (ISBN: 0-7360-4655-0, Human Kinetics, Inc., 2005, $89.00) 522 pages, hard cover. Subjects: Sports Medicine. DESCRIPTION: This comprehensive book on body composition addresses everything from various body composition models and measurement methodologies to variations in body composition due to biological and pathological changes. This updates the 1996 edition. PURPOSE: The goal is to pull together the various topics of body composition (assessment methodologies, biological variability, etc.) into one definitive book. This is a lofty goal, but for the most part this book accomplishes the objective. AUDIENCE: This is definitely not an introductory text, nor was it intended to be. It is written at an advanced level for graduate students and professionals who conduct body composition research. The editors are recognized as some of the worldwide leaders in this field. Additionally, each chapter is written by a specialist in the respective area of body composition research. FEATURES: The book covers various methods of body composition assessment and how biological variation and pathological states affect human body composition. The strength of this book is its comprehensiveness and the expertise of the chapter authors. It is the only book to give details about the science behind some rarely seen or used body composition technologies (e.g., CT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, neutron activation analysis, etc.). Additionally, it is well referenced, and the appendix that details the composition of “reference” bodies (fetus, boy/girl, man/woman) provides the reader with normative values for just about every variable of human body composition. The only negative is that it is a difficult read; it is written at a very high comprehension level even for its intended audience of graduate students and professionals. ASSESSMENT: This is not a "how to" manual for body composition assessment. Other books are more appropriate for undergraduate students or practitioners who are seeking a basic description of and instruction for the most commonly used body composition assessment methodologies (Heyward and Wagner, Applied Body Composition Assessment, 2nd edition (Human Kinetics, 2004). Lohman, Roche, and Martorell, Anthropometric Standardization Reference Manual (Human Kinetics, 1988). However, this advanced text picks up where these others leave off. It is the most comprehensive and definitive work on body composition available with each chapter written by the top scholars for that particular area of body composition research. Thus, it is a valuable resource for those who specialize in body composition. Much research continues to be done in the field of body composition justifying the 2005 update of the original 1996 edition. SCORE: Weighted Numerical Score: 91 Reviewed by:Dale R. Wagner, PhD (Utah State University College of Education)Figure. No caption available.
Skp2 is oncogenic and overexpressed in human cancers (2001)

Skp2 is a member of the F-box family of substrate-recognition subunits of SCF ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes that has been implicated in the ubiquitin-mediated degradation of several key regulators of mammalian G(1) progression, including the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27, a dosage-dependent tumor suppressor protein. In this study, we examined Skp2 and p27 protein expression by immunohistochemistry in normal oral epithelium and in different stages of malignant oral cancer progression, including dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma. We found that increased levels of Skp2 protein are associated with reduced p27 in a subset of oral epithelial dysplasias and carcinomas compared with normal epithelial controls. Tumors with high Skp2 (>20% positive cells) expression invariably showed reduced or absent p27 and tumors with high p27 (>20% positive cells) expression rarely showed Skp2 positivity. Increased Skp2 protein levels were not always correlated with increased cell proliferation (assayed by Ki-67 staining), suggesting that alterations of Skp2 may contribute to the malignant phenotype without affecting proliferation. Skp2 protein overexpression may lead to accelerated p27 proteolysis and contribute to malignant progression from dysplasia to oral epithelial carcinoma. Moreover, we also demonstrate that Skp2 has oncogenic potential by showing that Skp2 cooperates with H-Ras(G12V) to malignantly transform primary rodent fibroblasts as scored by colony formation in soft agar and tumor formation in nude mice. The observations that Skp2 can mediate transformation and is up-regulated during oral epithelial carcinogenesis support a role for Skp2 as a protooncogene in human tumors.
Fluorescent Analogs of Biomolecular Building Blocks: Design, Properties, and Applications (2010)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTFluorescent Analogs of Biomolecular Building Blocks: Design, Properties, and ApplicationsRenatus W. Sinkeldam, Nicholas J. Greco†, and Yitzhak Tor*View Author Information Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0358* To whom corresponence should be addressed. Fax: (+1) 858-534-0202. E-mail: [email protected]†Current address: Department of Chemistry, Western Connecticut State University, Danbury, CT 06810.Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2010, 110, 5, 2579–2619Publication Date (Web):March 5, 2010Publication History Received4 September 2009Published online5 March 2010Published inissue 12 May 2010https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr900301ehttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr900301ereview-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2010 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views16481Altmetric-Citations745LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Fluorescence,Membranes,Nucleic acids,Peptides and proteins,Probes Get e-Alerts
Cardiac glycosides decrease influenza virus replication by inhibiting cell protein translational machinery (2019)

Cardiac glycosides (CGs) are used primarily for cardiac failure and have been reported to have other effects, including inhibition of viral replication. Here we set out to study mechanisms by which CGs as inhibitors of the Na-K-ATPase decrease influenza A virus (IAV) replication in the lungs. We found that CGs inhibit influenza virus replication in alveolar epithelial cells by decreasing intracellular potassium, which in turn inhibits protein translation, independently of viral entry, mRNA transcription, and protein degradation. These effects were independent of the Src signaling pathway and intracellular calcium concentration changes. We found that short-term treatment with ouabain prevented IAV replication without cytotoxicity. Rodents express a Na-K-ATPase-α1 resistant to CGs. Thus we utilized Na-K-ATPase-α<sub>1</sub>-sensitive mice, infected them with high doses of influenza virus, and observed a modest survival benefit when treated with ouabain. In summary, we provide evidence that the inhibition of the Na-K-ATPase by CGs decreases influenza A viral replication by modulating the cell protein translational machinery and results in a modest survival benefit in mice.
Efficacy and safety of liposomal irinotecan (nal-IRI) + 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin (5-FU/LV) in patients (pts) with metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (mPDAC) who previously received gemcitabine (gem)-based therapy: Post-hoc analysis of the NAPOLI-1 trial. (2017)

303 Background: nal-IRI+5-FU/LV is approved in the United States and Taiwan for pts with mPDAC previously treated with gem-based therapy based on the NAPOLI-1 study which showed that nal-IRI+5-FU/LV improved overall survival (OS) vs 5-FU/LV (6.1 vs 4.2 mo; HR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.49-0.92; P = 0.012; Wang-Gillam et al, Lancet. 2016). This post hoc analysis evaluated the efficacy and safety of nal-IRI+5-FU/LV in subgroups of pts defined by prior gem regimen including gem monotherapy and gem combinations (combo). Methods: This analysis (data cutoff, Nov 2015) focuses on the 236 pts assigned to nal-IRI+5-FU/LV q2w (n = 117) or 5-FU/LV qw for weeks 1-4 q6w cycle (n = 119). Pts previously received gem-based therapy in a neoadjuvant, adjuvant, locally advanced, or metastatic setting. Results: Of 117 pts in the nal-IRI+5-FU/LV arm, 53 (45%) previously received gem monotherapy and 64 (55%) previously received gem combo including erlotinib (n = 9) or nab-paclitaxel (n = 20). Of the 119 pts in the 5-FU/LV arm, 55 (46%) previously received gem monotherapy and 64 (54%) previously received gem combo including erlotinib (n = 17) or nab-paclitaxel (n = 11). Nal-IRI+5-FU/LV improved median OS, median PFS, and ORR vs 5-FU/LV, regardless of prior therapy (Table). Grade ≥3 treatment-emergent adverse events were not influenced by prior treatment. Clinical trial information: NCT01494506. Conclusions: These resultsshow consistent benefit of nal-IRI+5-FU/LV treatment across subgroups of pts who previously received gem therapy and support the ASCO guidelines recommending nal-IRI+5-FU/LV for this pt population. These analyses may be limited by the small sample size of treatment arms.[Table: see text]
Monoclonal Antibody Specific for TIRC7 Induces Donor-specific Anergy and Prevents Rejection of Cardiac Allografts in Mice (2004)

T cell immune response c-DNA (TIRC7) is up-regulated during the early stages of T-cell activation in response to alloantigens. In this study, we analyzed the effects of newly developed monoclonal antibodies (mAb) against TIRC7 in acute cardiac allograft rejection. Fully vascularized heterotopic allogeneic heart transplantation was performed in mice across a full-mismatch barrier (C57Bl/10 into CBA). Recipients received seven injections (day 0-7) of a novel anti-TIRC7 mAb or remained untreated. Graft survival, histology and ex vivo lymphocyte functions were tested. Targeting of TIRC7 with an anti-TIRC7 mAb diminishes lymphocyte infiltration into grafts resulting in delay of morphological graft damage and prolongation of allograft survival. The lymphocytes from anti-TIRC7 mAb-treated animals exhibit hypo-responsiveness without evidence of lymphocyte depletion against the donor allo-antigens. Proliferation and expression of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) were down-regulated while interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-10 expression were spared. Moreover, anti-TIRC7 mAb enhanced up-regulation of CTLA-4 expression but suppressed up-regulation of CD25 on stimulated lymphocytes in vitro and in vivo. Ligation of TIRC7 has important effects on the regulation of co-stimulatory signaling pathways associated with suppressing of T-cell activation. Targeting of TIRC7 may therefore provide a novel therapeutic approach for modulating T cell immune responses during organ transplantation.
Tagging French -- comparing a statistical and a constraint-based method (1995)

In this paper we compare two competing approaches to part-of-speech tagging, statistical and constraint-based disambiguation, using French as our test language. We imposed a time limit on our experiment: the amount of time spent on the design of our constraint system was about the same as the time we used to train and test the easy-to-implement statistical model. We describe the two systems and compare the results. The accuracy of the statistical method is reasonably good, comparable to taggers for English. But the constraint-based tagger seems to be superior even with the limited time we allowed ourselves for rule development.
Efficient spot-size transformation using spatially separated tapered InP/InGaAsP twin waveguides (1996)

A tapered twin waveguide structure for low-loss chip-fiber coupling with a large spatial separation between the waveguides was fabricated, providing better optical properties than conventional taper structures together with relaxed fabrication tolerances. The mode transformation losses and coupling losses for different taper geometries were investigated theoretically and experimentally. For a double taper structure with a length of 280 /spl mu/m for a single taper, the total measured insertion loss between two single-mode fibers at a wavelength of 1550 nm using fiber matched refractive index liquid, however, without any antireflection coating, was 3.2 dB.