gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
E-cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesion prevents invasiveness of human carcinoma cells. (1991)

The ability of carcinomas to invade and to metastasize largely depends on the degree of epithelial differentiation within the tumors, i.e., poorly differentiated being more invasive than well-differentiated carcinomas. Here we confirmed this correlation by examining various human cell lines derived from bladder, breast, lung, and pancreas carcinomas. We found that carcinoma cell lines with an epithelioid phenotype were noninvasive and expressed the epithelium-specific cell-cell adhesion molecule E-cadherin (also known as Arc-1, uvomorulin, and cell-CAM 120/80), as visualized by immunofluorescence microscopy and by Western and Northern blotting, whereas carcinoma cell lines with a fibroblastoid phenotype were invasive and had lost E-cadherin expression. Invasiveness of these latter cells could be prevented by transfection with E-cadherin cDNA and was again induced by treatment of the transfected cells with anti-E-cadherin mAbs. These findings indicate that the selective loss of E-cadherin expression can generate dedifferentiation and invasiveness of human carcinoma cells, and they suggest further that E-cadherin acts as an invasion suppressor.
Visceral fat accumulation as an important risk factor for obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome in obese subjects (1997)

These results suggest that visceral fat accumulation is an important risk indicator for OSA in obese subjects.
High-peak-power asymmetric double-heterostructure (GaAl)As-GaAs injection laser (1983)

An asymmetric double-heterostructure pulsed-power laser is described. This laser exhibits low-temperature sensitivity of optical power in the operating temperature range of −40 to +90°C. The threshold current is below 10 A at 90°C. The power loss at 40 A and 90°C operation is at least a factor of two less severe for this structure compared to that of the single heterostructure.
Operational Criteria for Root Name Servers (1996)

This document specifies the operational requirements of root name servers, including host hardware capacities, name server software revisions, network connectivity, and physical environment.
Genomic Organization of Alpha Satellite DNA on Human Chromosome 7: Evidence for Two Distinct Alphoid Domains on a Single Chromosome (1987)

A complete understanding of chromosomal disjunction during mitosis and meiosis in complex genomes such as the human genome awaits detailed characterization of both the molecular structure and genetic behavior of the centromeric regions of chromosomes. Such analyses in turn require knowledge of the organization and nature of DNA sequences associated with centromeres. The most prominent class of centromeric DNA sequences in the human genome is the alpha satellite family of tandemly repeated DNA, which is organized as distinct chromosomal subsets. Each subset is characterized by a particular multimeric higher-order repeat unit consisting of tandemly reiterated, diverged alpha satellite monomers of approximately 171 base pairs. The higher-order repeat units are themselves tandemly reiterated and represent the most recently amplified or fixed alphoid sequences. We present evidence that there are at least two independent domains of alpha satellite DNA on chromosome 7, each characterized by their own distinct higher-order repeat structure. We determined the complete nucleotide sequences of a 6-monomer higher-order repeat unit, which is present in approximately 500 copies per chromosome 7, as well as those of a less-abundant (approximately 10 copies) 16-monomer higher-order repeat unit. Sequence analysis indicated that these repeats are evolutionarily distinct. Genomic hybridization experiments established that each is maintained in relatively homogeneous tandem arrays with no detectable interspersion. We propose mechanisms by which multiple unrelated higher-order repeat domains may be formed and maintained within a single chromosomal subset.
Monoclonal antibodies to individual tyrosine-phosphorylated protein substrates of oncogene-encoded tyrosine kinases. (1990)

Cellular transformation by oncogenic retroviruses encoding protein tyrosine kinases coincides with the tyrosine-specific phosphorylation of multiple protein substrates. Previous studies have shown that tyrosine phosphorylation of a protein of 120 kDa, p120, correlated with src transformation in chicken embryo fibroblasts. Additionally, we previously identified two phosphotyrosine-containing cellular proteins, p130 and p110, that formed stable complexes with activated variants of pp60src, the src-encoded tyrosine kinase. To study transformation-relevant tyrosine kinase substrates, we have generated monoclonal antibodies to individual tyrosine phosphoproteins, including p130, p120, p110, and five additional phosphoproteins (p210, p125, p118, p85, and p185/p64). These antibodies detected several of the same tyrosine phosphoproteins in chicken embryo fibroblasts transformed by avian retroviruses Y73 and CT10, encoding the yes and crk oncogenes, respectively. Protein substrates in mouse, rat, hamster, and human cells overexpressing activated variants of chicken pp60src were also detected by several of the monoclonal antibodies.
Depression and Hormone Therapy (2004)

Department of Clinical Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, The New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York Correspondence: Margaret G. Spinelli, MD, Department of Clinical Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, The New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032. E-mail: [email protected]
A genetic approach to the cable harness routing problem (2002)

This paper describes a system for automatically routing cable harnesses in three-dimensional environments using a pair of genetic algorithms. The cable harness routing problem (CHRP) can be formulated as a graph search problem with a large, convex search space. A genetic approach is used to intelligently and adaptively search for routings which are close to the global optimum. The CHRP is decomposed into two problems: generating a harness configuration (topology) and routing the harness in the environment. This paper defines the various genetic operators used and suggest parameter settings which quickly find routings which match the geometry of the environment.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Radiosensitivity of Fancd2-/- mouse Bone Marrow Stromal Cells Is Altered By Abrogation of TGF-β Signaling (2015)

Abstract Both marrow-transplanted and non-transplanted Fanconi Anemia (FA) patients are often radiosensitive. Due to an increased risk of developing secondary malignancies, these patients require dose and volume modification during radiotherapy. To determine whether abrogation of TGF-β signaling alters the radiation sensitivity of Fancd2-/- mice, cell lines derived from double knockout (DKO) (SMAD3-/- Fancd2-/-) mice were compared with those from Fancd2-/-, SMAD3-/-, and wild-type mice for ionizing irradiation sensitivity. Bone marrow stromal cell lines were derived from long-term bone marrow cultures of DKO, Fancd2-/-, SMAD3-/-, and wild-type SMAD3+/+ (129/Sv) X Fancd2+/+ (B6) F1 mice. Radiation sensitivity was determined using clonogenic irradiation survival curves. There was no significant difference in radiosensitivity comparing DKO cells (Do = 1.95 ± 0.06 Gy, ň = 4.3 ± 0.7) to the wild type SMAD3+/+ (129/Sv) X Fancd2+/+ (B6) F1 cell line (Do = 2.00 ± 0.11 Gy, and ň = 5.1 ± 0.7, p = 0.7003 and 0.4820, respectively). The Fancd2-/- cell line was more radiosensitive with a Do of 1.37 ± 0.09 Gy compared to 1.95 ± 0.07 and 2.00 ± 0.11 for DKO and wild type cells (p = 0.0063 and 0.0360, respectively. In contrast, the SMAD3-/- cell line was more radioresistant with an increased shoulder on the irradiation survival curve (ň = 12.1 ± 2.9) compared to the DKO or wild type SMAD3+/+ (129/Sv) X Fancd2+/+ (B6) F1 cell lines (ň = 4.335 ± 0.7 or 5.1 ± 0.7, p = 0.00277 or 0.0426, respectively). This confirms and extends results with SMAD3-/- mouse derived cell lines on another background strain (C57BL/6J) (Epperly, et al., Radiation Research, 165:671-677, 2006). TGF-β signaling was abrogated in both DKO and SMAD3-/- mouse cell lines (measured by TGF-β inhibition of fresh marrow CFU-GEMM in vitro), confirming the phenotype of altered TGF-β signaling. Therefore, radiosensitivity associated with the Fancd2-/- genotype was abrogated by interruption of the TGF-β signaling pathway in the same cells. Supported by research grant NIAID/NIH, U19A168021. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
A Role for Giantin in Docking COPI Vesicles to Golgi Membranes (1998)

We have previously shown that p115, a vesicle docking protein, binds to two proteins (p130 and p400) in detergent extracts of Golgi membranes. p130 was identified as GM130, a Golgi matrix protein, and was shown to act as a membrane receptor for p115. p400 has now been identified as giantin, a Golgi membrane protein with most of its mass projecting into the cytoplasm. Giantin is found on COPI vesicles and pretreatment with antibodies inhibits both the binding of p115 and the docking of these vesicles with Golgi membranes. In contrast, GM130 is depleted from COPI vesicles and inhibition of the GM130 on Golgi membranes, using either antibodies or an NH2-terminal GM130 peptide, inhibits p115 binding and vesicle docking. Together these results suggest that COPI vesicles are docked by giantin on the COPI vesicles and GM130 on Golgi membranes with p115 providing a bridge.
Fat fibrosis: friend or foe? (2018)

At the simplest level, obesity is the manifestation of an imbalance between caloric intake and expenditure; however, the pathophysiological mechanisms that govern the development of obesity and associated complications are enormously complex. Fibrosis within the adipose tissue compartment is one such factor that may influence the development of obesity and/or obesity-related comorbidities. Furthermore, the functional consequences of adipose tissue fibrosis are a matter of considerable debate, with evidence that fibrosis serves both adaptive and maladaptive roles. Tissue fibrosis itself is incompletely understood, and multiple cellular and molecular pathways are involved in the development, maintenance, and resolution of the fibrotic state. Within the context of obesity, fibrosis influences molecular and cellular events that relate to adipocytes, inflammatory cells, inflammatory mediators, and supporting adipose stromal tissue. In this Review, we explore what is known about the interplay between the development of adipose tissue fibrosis and obesity, with a view toward future investigative and therapeutic avenues.
Conformationally defined analogs of prolylamides. trans-Prolyl peptidomimetics (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConformationally defined analogs of prolylamides. trans-Prolyl peptidomimeticsCharles J. Andres, Timothy L. Macdonald, Timothy D. Ocain, and Daniel LonghiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 24, 6609–6613Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00076a018https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00076a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views247Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
A synthetic lipopolysaccharide-binding peptide based on the neutrophil-derived protein CAP37 prevents endotoxin-induced responses in conscious rats (1997)

The lipid A component of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) derived from Escherichia coli has been implicated as a significant mediator in the development of circulatory and metabolic dysfunction and lethality associated with sepsis. A synthetic peptide corresponding to amino acid residues 20 through 44 of the neutrophil-derived 37-kDa cationic antimicrobial protein (CAP37 P(20-44)) possesses lipid A binding characteristics which may be useful in attenuating in vivo responses induced during circumstances of endotoxemia, including sepsis. The E. coli LPS to be used in the in vivo study was shown to be attenuated by CAP37 P(20-44) in a dose-dependent manner in the in vitro reaction with Limulus amoebocyte lysate. Intravenous infusion of CAP37 P(20-44) (1.5 or 3.0 mg/kg of body weight) with E. coli LPS (250 microg/kg over 30 min) into conscious, unrestrained rats prevented LPS-induced hyperdynamic and hypodynamic circulatory shock, hyperlactacidemia, and leukopenia in a dose-related fashion. CAP37 P(20-44) (0.2, 1.0, and 5.0 mg/kg) administered intravenously to conscious, actinomycin D-sensitized rats following a lethal dose of LPS neutralized LPS toxicity, resulting in dose-dependent 7-day survival rates of 30, 50, and 80%, respectively. CAP37 P(20-44) (5.0 mg/kg) significantly inhibited the endotoxin-induced increase in circulating tumor necrosis factor alpha in sensitized rats. These data demonstrate that CAP37 P(20-44) has the capacity to abolish in vivo biological responses to LPS that are relevant to human sepsis and to significantly neutralize the toxicity of circulating E. coli LPS.
Pregnenolone binds to microtubule-associated protein 2 and stimulates microtubule assembly (2000)

Fetal or adult rat-brain cytosol and fetal rat-brain microtubules contain a high-affinity, low-capacity pregnenolone-binding protein. The equilibrium dissociation constant is in the 30-50 nM range. The best competitors (in decreasing order) are pregnenolone sulfate, progesterone, Delta5-pregnene-3beta,20alpha-diol, and 3beta-hydroxy-5alpha-pregnan-20-one. It was hypothesized that the pregnenolone-binding protein pertained to microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs). Indeed, partial purification of fetal brain cytosol by fast pressure liquid chromatography with sequential ion-exchange and gel-filtration columns yielded two fractions, one of very high molecular mass, >200 kDa, and the other of 40-60 kDa, enriched in [(3)H]pregnenolone-binding activity and in proteins immunolabeled with monoclonal anti-tubulin and anti-MAP2 antibodies. Because many proteins are associated with microtubules, binding assays were repeated with purified calf-brain tubulin, MAP2, and Tau protein. Only the MAP2 fraction showed saturable [(3)H]pregnenolone binding with an affinity very close to that of rat-brain microtubules, but with a much larger concentration of binding sites (16 pmol/mg MAP2), which was increased more than 8-fold after copolymerization of MAP2 with tubulin. Finally, steroid effects on microtubule-assembly kinetics were assayed. Pregnenolone induced a large, dose-related increase of both the rate and extent of MAP2-induced tubulin assembly, whereas progesterone, inactive per se, counteracted the stimulatory effect of pregnenolone. Electron microscopic analysis confirmed that pregnenolone-increased assembly of microtubules produced a completely normal structure. The stimulatory effect on MAP2-tubulin interaction was also observed in fetal rat-brain neuron cultures. Therefore, we propose a mechanism of neurosteroid action, the control of microtubule or, more generally, of neural cytoskeleton dynamics, with potential roles in brain development, plasticity, and aging.
Emerging Technologies for the Commercialization of AMOLED TVs (2009)

Advances in AMOLED materials, device structures, and manufacturing are paving the way for a new generation of TVs that will be interactive, ultra‐light and slim, eco‐friendly, and more.
Mutagenesis by third-strand-directed psoralen adducts in repair-deficient human cells: high frequency and altered spectrum in a xeroderma pigmentosum variant. (1996)

Psoralen-conjugated triple-helix-forming oligonucleotides have been used to generate site-specific mutations within mammalian cells. To investigate factors influencing the efficiency of oligonucleotide-mediated gene targeting, the processing of third-strand-directed psoralen adducts was compared in normal and repair-deficient human cells. An unusually high mutation frequency and an altered mutation pattern were seen in xeroderma pigmentosum variant (XPV) cells compared with normal, xeroderma pigmentosum group A (XPA), and Fanconi anemia cells. In XPV, targeted mutations were produced in the supF reporter gene carried in a simian virus 40 vector at a frequency of 30%, 3-fold above that in normal or Fanconi anemia cells and 6-fold above that in XPA. The mutations generated by targeted psoralen crosslinks and monoadducts in the XPV cells formed a pattern distinct from that in the other three cell lines, with mutations occurring not just at the damaged site but also at adjacent base pairs. Hence, the XPV cells may have an abnormality in trans-lesion bypass synthesis during repair and/or replication, implicating a DNA polymerase or an accessory factor as a basis of the defect in XPV. These results may help to elucidate the repair deficiency in XPV, and they raise the possibility that genetic manipulation via triplex-targeted mutagenesis may be enhanced by modulation of the XPV-associated activity in normal cells.
Late Stage Benzylic C–H Fluorination with [18F]Fluoride for PET Imaging (2014)

We describe the first late-stage (18)F labeling chemistry for aliphatic C-H bonds with no-carrier-added [(18)F]fluoride. The method uses Mn(salen)OTs as an F-transfer catalyst and enables the facile labeling of a variety of bioactive molecules and building blocks with radiochemical yields (RCY) ranging from 20% to 72% within 10 min without the need for preactivation of the labeling precursor. Notably, the catalyst itself can directly elute [(18)F]fluoride from an ion exchange cartridge with over 90% efficiency. Using this feature, the conventional and laborious dry-down step prior to reaction is circumvented, greatly simplifying the mechanics of this protocol and shortening the time for automated synthesis. Eight drug molecules, including COX, ACE, MAO, and PDE inhibitors, have been successfully [(18)F]-labeled in this way.
Effect of efficiency optimization on linearity of LINC amplifiers with CDMA signal (2002)

The linear and efficient power amplification can be achieved with LINC (linear amplification with nonlinear components) amplifiers because RF power amplifiers deal with constant envelope signals in LINC systems. To increase the average efficiency in some modulation schemes with high peak to average ratio, reactance termination in combining circuit is used. However, the shunt reactance termination degrades the linearity performance of LINC. This work shows the effect of efficiency optimization with reactance termination on ACLR (Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio) of LINC amplifiers with WCDMA modulation systems using envelope simulation.
Deconvolution Analysis of Cardiac Natriuretic Peptides During Acute Volume Overload (2000)

Cardiac natriuretic peptides, especially amino terminal pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide (NT-proBNP), are emerging as powerful circulating markers of cardiac function. However, the in vivo secretion and elimination (t1/2) of these peptides during acute volume overload have not been studied. We present the first report of the secretion and elimination of cardiac natriuretic peptides, based on deconvolution analysis of endogenous ovine plasma levels measured by specific radioimmunoassay. Four normal, conscious sheep underwent rapid right ventricular pacing (225 bpm) for 1 hour to stimulate acute cardiac natriuretic peptide release. Plasma samples and right atrial pressure measurements were taken at regular intervals 30 minutes before, during, and 4 hours after pacing. Baseline right atrial pressure significantly increased (P:=0.02) during the 1 hour of pacing in association with a prompt increase in plasma BNP (P:=0.03), atrial natriuretic peptide (P:=0.01), and NT-proBNP (P:=0.02). Deconvolution analysis showed that the t1/2 of NT-proBNP (69.6+/-10.8 minutes) was 15-fold longer than BNP (4.8+/-1. 0 minutes). Despite sustained increases in atrial pressure, cardiac secretion of natriuretic peptides (particularly atrial natriuretic peptide) fell during the pacing period, suggesting a finite source of peptide for secretion. Size-exclusion high-performance liquid chromatography revealed NT-proBNP to be a single immunoreactive peak, whereas BNP comprised at least 2 immunoreactive forms. These findings, especially the prompt secretion of BNP and the prolonged t1/2 of NT-proBNP, clarify the metabolism of BNP forms and help to explain the diagnostic value of NT-proBNP measurement as a sensitive marker of ventricular function.
Biomimetic Synthesis of an Octavinylogous Porphyrin with an Aromatic [34]Annulene System (1988)

The validity of the Hückel rule extends considerably further than hitherto assumed the limit is in no way already reached with the diatropic, aromatic [22]annulene. The deep-blue title compound was isolated as the octaethyl-N,N′,N″,N‴-tetramethyl dibromide. Its diamagnetic ring-current effect is unusually large; the shift difference between inner and outer protons is 31.5 ppm!
Coronavirus subgenomic minus-strand RNAs and the potential for mRNA replicons. (1989)

The genome of the porcine transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus is a plus-strand, polyadenylylated, infectious RNA molecule of approximately 20 kilobases. During virus replication, seven subgenomic mRNAs are generated by what is thought to be a leader-priming mechanism to form a 3'-coterminal nested set. By using radiolabeled, strand-specific, synthetic oligodeoxynucleotide probes in RNA blot hybridization analyses, we have found a minus-strand counterpart for the genome and for each subgenomic mRNA species in the cytoplasm of infected cells. Subgenomic minus strands were found to be components of double-stranded replicative forms and in numbers that surpass full-length antigenome. We propose that subgenomic mRNA replication, in addition to leader-primed transcription, is a significant mechanism of mRNA synthesis and that it functions to amplify mRNAs. It is a mechanism of amplification that has not been described for any other group of RNA viruses. Subgenomic replicons may also function in a manner similar to genomes of defective interfering viruses to lead to the establishment of persistent infections, a universal property of coronaviruses.