gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lexicon-Based Methods for Sentiment Analysis (2011)

We present a lexicon-based approach to extracting sentiment from text. The Semantic Orientation CALculator (SO-CAL) uses dictionaries of words annotated with their semantic orientation (polarity and strength), and incorporates intensification and negation. SO-CAL is applied to the polarity classification task, the process of assigning a positive or negative label to a text that captures the text's opinion towards its main subject matter. We show that SO-CAL's performance is consistent across domains and in completely unseen data. Additionally, we describe the process of dictionary creation, and our use of Mechanical Turk to check dictionaries for consistency and reliability.
Targeted Gene Transfer for Adenocarcinoma Using a Combination of Tumor‐specific Antibody and Tissue‐specific Promoter (1998)

We have developed a highly specific gene transfer method for adenocarcinoma using a monoclonal antibody against tumor-specific antigen coupled with a plasmid containing the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-specific promoter. The chimeric CEA promoter (CC promoter), which contained an enhancer from the immediate early gene of cytomegalovirus and the CEA promoter, achieved 4- to 5-fold higher transgene expression in CEA-producing cells than the original CEA promoter while maintaining CEA specificity. Furthermore, a complex of a monoclonal antibody against Lewis Y antigen (LYA), the CC promoter-containing plasmid and cationic liposomes (DOTAP) achieved specific gene expression in CEA-producing and LYA-positive adenocarcinoma cell lines that was 200-fold more efficient than in CEA-non-producing and LYA-negative cell lines during a short in vitro incubation. This strategy may be applicable for clinical gene therapy.
Intramolecular amination of olefins. Synthesis of 2-substituted-4-quinolones from 2-nitrochalcones catalysed by ruthenium (1994)

2-Substituted-4-quinolones 2 and the corresponding 2,3-dihydro-2-substituted-4-quinolones 3 have been obtained by reduction with CO at 170 °C and 30 atm of 2-nitrochalcones 1, catalysed by Ru3(CO)12 with DIAN-Me as co-catalyst in ethanol–water.
Conduction Defects and Arrhythmias in Chagas' Disease: (1994)

The protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi causes Chagas' disease, a major cause of cardiac dysfunction in Latin Americans. Chagas' disease exhibits both acute and chronic phases, and each may be characterized by cardiac conduction disturbances. In acutely infected cultures of rodent heart cells, synchronized spontaneous beating becomes less regular, and coupling between cells is reduced. The basis of this decreased conduction is apparently in localization of the gap junction protein (Cx43) inside infected cells. Although total Cx43 is normal in infected cells, little is recognizable at appositional membranes. Electrophysiological properties are also altered by this infection. Action potentials are shortened, resting Ca2+ levels are elevated, and response to alpha-adrenergic agonists was altered, compared to controls. Humoral factors may contribute to the conduction defects in chronic Chagas' disease. Sera from chronically infected rabbits produced ECG abnormalities in Langendorff-perfused rabbit hearts. These findings indicate that chagasic infection may modify ion channel function in the heart, and we suggest that these changes may be manifested in the conduction disturbances that characterize this disease.
The effect of GIP and glucagon-like peptides on intestinal basolateral membrane hexose transport (1996)

The effect of gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) and the related glucagon-like peptides-1 and -2 (GLP-1 and GLP-2) on jejunal basolateral membrane glucose transport was investigated to determine if the upregulation produced by luminal hexoses could be explained by the release of one or more of these peptides. Luminal perfusion of the rat jejunum for 4 h, under pentobarbital sodium anesthesia, with 100 mM D-glucose produced a significant increase in plasma GIP levels. Vascular infusion of saline containing 100-800 pM GIP also increased the maximal transport rate for carrier-mediated glucose uptake in jejunal basolateral membrane vesicles. The effect of vascular 400 pM GIP was maximal after 1 h and maintained out to 4 h. The effect of luminal glucose could be blocked by preinjection with anti-GIP antibodies, whereas an antineurotensin antibody had no effect. Vascular infusion with 800 pM GLP-1-(7-36) amide had no effect, but GLP-2 (400 and 800 pM) increased the D-glucose maximal transport rate. An anti-GLP antibody was able to block the response to luminal glucose.
Identification of a Brazil-Nut Allergen in Transgenic Soybeans (1996)

The 2S albumin is probably a major Brazil-nut allergen, and the transgenic soybeans analyzed in this study contain this protein. Our study show that an allergen from a food known to be allergenic can be transferred into another food by genetic engineering.
Understanding and using COFF (1988)

COFF, Common Object File Format, is the formal definition for the structure of machine code files in the UNIX System V.3 environment. All machine-code files--fully linked executables, compiled applications, or system libraries--are COFF files. There is hardly a system-related task that does not require some knowledge of COFF, from understanding assembly source to implementing a proprietary system enhancement. This handbook explains the COFF data structure and its manipulation.Contents include: Basics of COFF.Assembly code relocation process.COFF file headers.Relocation structures.Linking.The COFF system in UNIX.Magic numbers.The COFF symbolic debug system.
Giant Piezoelectric Size Effects in Zinc Oxide and Gallium Nitride Nanowires. A First Principles Investigation (2011)

Nanowires made of materials with noncentrosymmetric crystal structure are under investigation for their piezoelectric properties and suitability as building blocks for next-generation self-powered nanodevices. In this work, we investigate the size dependence of piezoelectric coefficients in nanowires of two such materials - zinc oxide and gallium nitride. Nanowires, oriented along their polar axis, ranging from 0.6 to 2.4 nm in diameter were modeled quantum mechanically. A giant piezoelectric size effect is identified for both GaN and ZnO nanowires. However, GaN exhibits a larger and more extended size dependence than ZnO. The observed size effect is discussed in the context of charge redistribution near the free surfaces leading to changes in local polarization. The study reveals that local changes in polarization and reduction of unit cell volume with respect to bulk values lead to the observed size effect. These results have strong implication in the field of energy harvesting, as piezoelectric voltage output scales with the piezoelectric coefficient.
Antitumor and antimetastatic activity of ribozymes targeting the messenger RNA of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors. (2000)

Chemically stabilized hammerhead ribozymes are nuclease-resistant, RNA-based oligonucleotides that selectively bind and cleave specific target RNAs. Due to their potential for specifically inhibiting gene expression, ribozymes are being investigated for therapeutic applications as well as for the elucidation of gene function. In particular, we have investigated ribozymes that target the mRNA of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptors because VEGF signaling is an important mediator of tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. Here we report pharmacodynamic studies testing anti-Flt-1 (VEGFR-1) and anti-KDR (VEGFR-2) ribozymes in animal models of solid tumor growth and metastasis. Ribozymes targeting either Flt-1 or KDR significantly inhibited primary tumor growth in a highly metastatic variant of Lewis lung carcinoma. However, only treatment with the anti-Flt-1 ribozyme resulted in a statistically significant and dose-dependent inhibition of lung metastasis in this model. The anti-Flt-1 ribozyme was then tested in a xenograft model of human metastatic colorectal cancer in which significant inhibition of liver metastasis was observed. Taken together, these data represent the first demonstration that synthetic ribozymes targeting VEGF receptor mRNA reduced the growth and metastasis of solid tumors in vivo.
Clinical diagnostic criteria for dementia associated with Parkinson's disease (2007)

Dementia has been increasingly more recognized to be a common feature in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), especially in old age. Specific criteria for the clinical diagnosis of dementia associated with PD (PD-D), however, have been lacking. A Task Force, organized by the Movement Disorder Study, was charged with the development of clinical diagnostic criteria for PD-D. The Task Force members were assigned to sub-committees and performed a systematic review of the literature, based on pre-defined selection criteria, in order to identify the epidemiological, clinical, auxillary, and pathological features of PD-D. Clinical diagnostic criteria were then developed based on these findings and group consensus. The incidence of dementia in PD is increased up to six times, point-prevelance is close to 30%, older age and akinetic-rigid form are associated with higher risk. PD-D is characterized by impairment in attention, memory, executive and visuo-spatial functions, behavioral symptoms such as affective changes, hallucinations, and apathy are frequent. There are no specific ancillary investigations for the diagnosis; the main pathological correlate is Lewy body-type degeneration in cerebral cortex and limbic structures. Based on the characteristic features associated with this condition, clinical diagnostic criteria for probable and possible PD-D are proposed.
Advanced IPS technology for mobile applications (2007)

Abstract— In‐plane‐switching LCD (IPS‐LCD) technologies originally developed for LCD monitors and TV applications are applied to mobile applications. Advantages of the IPS mode over other optical modes for mobile applications are quantitatively clarified. The panel achieves stable color reproduction and chromaticity in the viewing‐angle range for mobile displays. Superiority of the IPS mode over other optical modes is discussed also from the viewpoints of stability in chromaticity during the brightness change and the driving power consumption. A transflective IPS mode with good performance is accomplished by the use of a proper optical design. A new structure, IPS‐Pro, which enables sunlight readability by increasing the transmittance, i.e. , the brightness of the panel, without additional cost and power consumption in contrast to additional fabrication processes required to fabricate the transflective mode is realized. Furthermore, to improve the users' convenience, an automatic luminance control system and a controllable viewing‐angle device are developed. The panels developed fulfill the market requirements of increasing the function and performance variations and will be the most appropriate ones to be applied to mobile appliances, such as cellular phones, digital still cameras, music players, GPS, mobile TV sets, etc.
May the Best Analyst Win (2011)

Exploiting crowdsourcing, a company called Kaggle runs public competitions to analyze the data of scientists, companies, and organizations.
SEPT9 gene sequencing analysis reveals recurrent mutations in hereditary neuralgic amyotrophy (2009)

We provide further evidence that mutation of the SEPT9 gene is the molecular basis of some cases of hereditary neuralgic amyotrophy (HNA). DNA sequencing of SEPT9 demonstrates a restricted set of mutations in this cohort of HNA pedigrees. Nonetheless, sequence analysis will have an important role in mutation detection in HNA. Additional techniques will be required to find SEPT9 mutations in an HNA founder haplotype and other pedigrees.
Phylogeny and PCR–based classification of Wolbachia strains using wsp gene sequences (1998)

Wolbachia are a group of intracellular inherited bacteria that infect a wide range of arthropods. They are associated with a number of different reproductive phenotypes in their hosts, such as cytoplasmic incompatibility, parthenogenesis and feminization. While it is known that the bacterial strains responsible for these different host phenotypes form a single clade within the alpha-Proteobacteria, until now it has not been possible to resolve the evolutionary relationships between different Wolbachia strains. To address this issue we have cloned and sequenced a gene encoding a surface protein of Wolbachia (wsp) from a representative sample of 28 Wolbachia strains. The sequences from this gene were highly variable and could be used to resolve the phylogenetic relationships of different Wolbachia strains. Based on the sequence of the wsp gene from different Wolbachia isolates we propose that the Wolbachia pipientis clade be initially divided into 12 groups. As more sequence information becomes available we expect the number of such groups to increase. In addition, we present a method of Wolbachia classification based on the use of group-specific wsp polymerase chain reaction (PGR) primers which will allow Wolbachia isolates to be typed without the need to clone and sequence individual Wolbachia genes. This system should facilitate future studies investigating the distribution and biology of Wolbachia strains from large samples of different host species.
Heme regulates expression of phycobiliprotein photogenes in the unicellular rhodophyte, Cyanidium caldarium (1989)

Allophycocyanin and phycocyanin in the red alga (Cyanidium caldarium) are chloroplast-encoded, light-harvesting accessory pigments composed of alpha and beta subunit polypeptides (17-19 kDa) to which 1 or more residues of the heme-derived bile pigment chromophore phycocyanobilin are attached by cysteinyl thioether linkages (Offner, G.D., and Troxler, R.F. (1983) J. Biol. Chem. 258, 9931-9940). Western blot experiments utilizing phycobiliprotein antisera revealed that immunoreactive allophycocyanin and phycocyanin apoproteins were absent in cells grown in the dark and present in cells exposed to light. Northern blot experiments using genomic DNA hybridization probes indicated that phycobiliprotein mRNAs were absent in the dark, whereas cells exposed to light contained two allophycocyanin mRNA transcripts, 1.4 and 1.6 kilobases in length, and one phycocyanin mRNA transcript, 3.0 kilobases in length, providing evidence that phycobiliproteins are encoded in photogenes which are only transcriptionally active in the light. Northern and Western analyses demonstrated that cells incubated in the dark with the heme precursor delta-aminolevulinate contained allophycocyanin and phycocyanin mRNAs and apoproteins, indistinguishable in size, number, and quantity from those made in the light. Cells incubated in the dark with delta-aminolevulinate, protoporphyrin IX, or heme, but not biliverdin or phycocyanobilin, synthesized allophycocyanin and phycocyanin alpha and beta apoproteins, suggesting a role for heme in the control phycobiliprotein gene expression. Cells incubated with heme in the dark produced allophycocyanin and phycocyanin mRNA transcripts, but did not produce mRNAs for four other photogenes coding for a P-700 reaction center protein, a 32-kDa herbicide-binding protein, and the large and small subunits of ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase. These results show, for the first time, that heme is a regulatory factor specifically involved in transcriptional regulation of chloroplast genes for phycobiliproteins.
The carbohydrate-binding specificity of pea and lentil lectins. Fucose is an important determinant. (1981)

The carbohydrate-binding specificities of pea lectin and lentil lectin have been determined by testing the ability of radioactively labeled glycopeptides to bind to columns of pea lectin-Sepharose and lentil lectin-Sepharose. The presence of a fucose residue attached to the asparagine-linked N-acetylglucosamine residue of the test glycopeptide was essential for high affinity binding to both pea and lentil lectin-Sepharose but not to concanavalin A-Sepharose. In addition to fucose, 2 alpha-mannosyl residues were required for glycopeptide binding to the pea and lentil lectin-Sepharose columns. Substitution of the alpha-mannosyl residues at C-2 did not prevent their interaction. Substitution of 1 alpha-mannosyl residue at both C-2 and C-4 did prevent glycopeptide binding, but substitution of 1 alpha-mannosyl residue at C-2 and C-6 did not impair binding. Glycopeptide binding to lentil lectin-Sepharose was enhanced by the exposure of terminal N-acetylglucosamine residues on the glycopeptide, whereas binding to pea lectin-Sepharose was enhanced by the exposure of terminal mannose residues. The differences in carbohydrate binding specificity of pea lectin-Sepharose and Con A-Sepharose were exploited to fractionate a mixture of [2-3H]mannose-labeled glycopeptides derived from mouse lymphoma cell glycoproteins.
Copolymerization of single-cell nucleic acids into balls of acrylamide gel (2019)

We show the use of 5'-Acrydite oligonucleotides to copolymerize single-cell DNA or RNA into balls of acrylamide <u>g</u>el (BAGs). Combining this step with split-and-pool techniques for creating barcodes yields a method with advantages in cost and scalability, depth of coverage, ease of operation, minimal cross-contamination, and efficient use of samples. We perform DNA copy number profiling on mixtures of cell lines, nuclei from frozen prostate tumors, and biopsy washes. As applied to RNA, the method has high capture efficiency of transcripts and sufficient consistency to clearly distinguish the expression patterns of cell lines and individual nuclei from neurons dissected from the mouse brain. By using varietal tags (UMIs) to achieve sequence error correction, we show extremely low levels of cross-contamination by tracking source-specific SNVs. The method is readily modifiable, and we will discuss its adaptability and diverse applications.
Nephropathy subsequent to hyperlipidemia. (2000)

The relationship between lipid abnormalities and the pathogenesis of renal disease is still unclear. Although most patients with primary hyperlipidemia do not develop renal function impairment, experimental and clinical data indicate a possible damaging effect of a disturbed lipid metabolism on the kidney. We report the case history of a patient with hyperlipidemia and mild nephropathy in which an accidentally removed kidney showed intrarenal arteriosclerosis which occured before the development of other cardiovascular risk factors, indicating that primary dyslipidemia induced nephroangiosclerosis.
Using fuzzy neural network to solve short-term load forecasting problems (1996)

http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/3652/5/ban5832.0001.001.pdf
Services for tomorrow's PCS (2002)

Personal Communications Services (PCS) provides terminal, personal, and service mobility - the ability of an end user to access his/her telecommunications services in any location and the ability of the network to locate this end user as he/she moves. Today's telephone customers have come to expect a menu of "bell and whistle" services that provide offerings like custom calling features, voice mail, and operator services; that may be generally referred to as supplementary services. In order for PCS to become widely accepted by the public more than basic wireline or wireless services may be required. In addition to the bells and whistles of today, supplementary services that provide manageability and security of a PCS offering should be made available to the end user. This paper provides a view of an end-to-end PCS network as a reference for the reader. The paper then shifts the focus to the two areas of supplementary services that may be implemented in a PCS offering and provide additional revenue and/or preserve current revenue: personalized call management and fraud detection. Personalized call management includes services such as message delivery and call screening; features that may provide opportunities for additional revenue. Fraud detection addresses the need to preserve revenue via improved billing and fraud detection capabilities.
Roles of the GLABROUS1 and TRANSPARENT TESTA GLABRA Genes in Arabidopsis Trichome Development (1994)

John C. Larkin, David G. Oppenheimer, Alan M. Lloyd, Ellen T. Paparozzi, M. David Marks, Roles of the GLABROUS1 and TRANSPARENT TESTA GLABRA Genes in Arabidopsis Trichome Development, The Plant Cell, Vol. 6, No. 8 (Aug., 1994), pp. 1065-1076
Carbon−Fluorine Reductive Elimination from a High-Valent Palladium Fluoride (2008)

We have observed two high-valent arylpalladiumfluoride complexes that afford carbon-fluorine bond formation upon thermolysis.
III. Yeast sequencing reports. Determination of the sequence of the yeast YCL313 gene localized on chromosome III. Homology with the protein disulfide isomerase (PDI gene product) of other organisms (1991)

We have determined the nucleotide sequence of the YCL313 gene as part of the YIp5 A1G clone localized on the left arm of chromosome III. This YCL313 gene encodes a protein of 522 amino acids (MW 58.3 kDa) which has large homologies with the human, mouse, chicken, bovine and rat PDI gene products. In these organisms the PDI gene encodes the protein disulfide isomerase (EC 5.3.4.1) also called S-S rearrangase, an enzyme that catalyses the rearrangements of S-S bonds in proteins. This enzyme is probably involved in protein folding within the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum. These sequence homologies suggest that YCL313 is the yeast equivalent of the PDI gene. Gene disruption of YCL313 leads to a lethal phenotype indicating that this gene is essential for cell survival.
Update in acute respiratory distress syndrome (2014)

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by permeability pulmonary edema and refractory hypoxemia. Recently, the new definition of ARDS has been published, and this definition suggested severity-oriented respiratory treatment by introducing three levels of severity according to PaO2/FiO2 and positive end-expiratory pressure. Lung-protective ventilation is still the key of better outcome in ARDS. Through randomized trials, short-term use of neuromuscular blockade at initial stage of mechanical ventilation, prone ventilation in severe ARDS, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in ARDS with influenza pneumonia showed beneficial efficacy. However, ARDS mortality still remains high. Therefore, early recognition of ARDS modified risk factors and the avoidance of aggravating factors during the patient's hospital stay can help decrease its development. In addition, efficient antifibrotic strategies in late-stage ARDS should be developed to improve the outcome.
Fabrication of self-written polymeric waveguides using near-infrared light from single-mode devices (2011)

We show the feasibility of optical interconnection waveguides formed by self-trapping effect with 0.85µm light irradiation into photopolymer. Self-written waveguides as extensions of both a single-mode fiber and a VCSEL chip were demonstrated.