gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Platelet Response, and Safety of Eltrombopag at Supratherapeutic Doses of up to 200 mg Once Daily in Healthy Volunteers (2010)

This was a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, parallel, dose-escalation study to assess the pharmacokinetics, platelet response, safety, and tolerability of supratherapeutic doses of eltrombopag (100 mg, 150 mg, and 200 mg once daily) administered for 5 days to 33 healthy adult volunteers. Plasma eltrombopag concentrations accumulated between days 1 and 5, with average increases of 66% to 81% for area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time zero to the end of the 24-hour dosing interval (AUC(0-τ)) and 32% to 45% for maximum observed plasma concentration (C(max)) across doses. After 5 days of dosing, AUC(0-τ) was dose-proportional and C(max) was less than dose-proportional over eltrombopag 100 to 200 mg with slope estimates (90% confidence intervals) of 0.92 (0.45-1.39) and 0.76 (0.29-1.22), respectively. Platelet counts peaked at day 14, and maximum change from baseline platelet count increased dose-dependently, with mean platelet count increases of 14, 67, 107, and 150 Gi/L for placebo and eltrombopag 100 mg, 150 mg, and 200 mg, respectively. There was no notable difference in day 14 mean platelet aggregation between eltrombopag (59 to 74%) and placebo (67%), although this was not tested statistically. There was no notable difference in adverse event frequency across eltrombopag doses. Eltrombopag pharmacokinetics and platelet response were dose-dependent, and doses up to 200 mg/d were well tolerated, with safety profiles similar to placebo.
Comparisons of self-assembled monolayers on silver and gold: mixed monolayers derived from HS(CH2)21X and HS(CH2)10Y (X, Y = CH3, CH2OH) have similar properties (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTComparisons of self-assembled monolayers on silver and gold: mixed monolayers derived from HS(CH2)21X and HS(CH2)10Y (X, Y = CH3, CH2OH) have similar propertiesPaul E. Laibinis, Marye Anne Fox, John P. Folkers, and George M. WhitesidesCite this: Langmuir 1991, 7, 12, 3167–3173Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00060a041https://doi.org/10.1021/la00060a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1573Altmetric-Citations175LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Esterification of retinol in rat liver. Possible participation by cellular retinol-binding protein and cellular retinol-binding protein II. (1988)

Retinol bound to cellular retinol-binding protein (CRBP) was available for esterification by liver microsomes in the absence of exogenous acyl donors. Moreover, exogenous acyl-CoA gave little or no stimulation of ester production over what was observed with the endogenous acyl donor. In contrast, unbound retinol was esterified in an acyl-CoA-dependent reaction. The presence of two different enzyme activities, acyl-CoA-dependent and -independent, was demonstrated by differential sensitivities to several enzyme inhibitors. The enzyme reaction with retinol-CRBP and endogenous acyl donor produced retinyl esters normally found in vivo in liver. In addition, rates of esterification with this system were sufficient to maintain liver stores. Liver also contains cellular retinol-binding protein, type II (CRBP(II] during the perinatal period. Radioimmunoassay revealed highest levels of CRBP(II) in liver 3-4 days after birth. Examination of retinol esterification by microsomes from the liver of 3-day-old rats revealed a retinyl ester synthase activity with lower Km and higher Vmax than that found in the adult. The activity could use either retinol-CRBP or retinol-CRBP(II) and an endogenous acyl donor. The microsomes from 3-day-old liver had greater esterifying ability than microsomes from adult liver, perhaps due to the presence of two retinyl ester synthase enzymes.
HIGH DOSE 90Y Mx-DTPA-BrE-3 AND AUTOLOGOUS HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL SUPPORT (AHSCS) FOR THE TREATMENT OF ADVANCED BREAST CANCER (1994)

s: Fifth Conference on Radioimmunodetection and Radioimmunotherapy of Cancer: Session IX: Clinical Radioimmunotherapy, II: PDF Only
Microflow system and transportation of DNA molecule by dielectrophoretic force utilizing the conformational transition in the higher order structure of DNA molecule (2002)

In this paper, we propose a new methodology on noncontact transportation of DNA molecules by dielectrophoretic force together with the Micro DNA Flow System. We utilize the conformational transition in the higher order structure of DNA for transportation. We designed a simple micro electrode-flow system. Experimental demonstration of DNA transportation in the globule state using dielectrophoretic force and direct observation of the DNA molecule in a non-uniform electric field were carried out with fluorescence microscopy. We discuss the experimental result on the motion of the DNA molecule. We show that transportation of DNA with the state of compacted globule is profitable in the future practical application for the separation of giant DNAs such as human gene. In future we consider the possibility of the Micro DNA Flow System as one of the biomanipulation and automation systems for DNA sequencing.
Core–Shell Hydrogel Microcapsules for Improved Islets Encapsulation (2012)

Islets microencapsulation holds great promise to treat type 1 diabetes. Currently used alginate microcapsules often have islets protruding outside capsules, leading to inadequate immuno-protection. A novel design of microcapsules with core-shell structures using a two-fluid co-axial electro-jetting is reported. Improved encapsulation and diabetes correction is achieved in a single step by simply confining the islets in the core region of the capsules.
Etch-pits of GaN films with different etching methods (2004)

system (Thomas Swan Corp.). We have studied the etch-pits and threading dislocations in GaN films by wet etching methods such as mixed acid solution (H3PO4: H2SO4 = 1: 3) and molten KOH, HCl vapor etching method, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)and Transmission Electron Microscope(TEM). SEM images of same poison of GaN films with HCl vapor etching and wet etching methods gave us notably different densities and shape of etching pits, which reveal HCl vapor etching could show most kinds of Threading Dislocations (TDs), mixed acid solution (H3PO4: H2SO4 = 1: 3) is in second place and molten KOH wet etching only could show pure screw TDs. PACS numbers: 68.55, 71.55G,68.00, 72.80E
Label‐Free Visualization of Carbapenemase Activity in Living Bacteria (2018)

Evaluating enzyme activity intracellularly on natural substrates is a significant experimental challenge in biomedical research. We report a label-free method for real-time monitoring of the catalytic behavior of class A, B, and D carbapenemases in live bacteria based on measurement of heat changes. By this means, novel biphasic kinetics for class D OXA-48 with imipenem as substrate is revealed, providing a new approach to detect OXA-48-like producers. This in-cell calorimetry approach offers major advantages in the rapid screening (10 min) of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae from 142 clinical bacterial isolates, with superior sensitivity (97 %) and excellent specificity (100 %) compared to conventional methods. As a general, label-free method for the study of living cells, this protocol has potential for application to a wider range and variety of cellular components and physiological processes.
Observability Based Path Planning in Range-only Localization (2013)

Thesis (Master's)--University of Washington, 2013
Expression of skeletal muscle‐type voltage‐gated Na+ channel in rat and human prostate cancer cell lines (1998)

Previous electrophysiological work has demonstrated expression of a voltage-gated Na+ channel (VGSC) specifically in two highly metastatic prostatic epithelial tumour cell lines: MAT-LyLu (rat) and PC-3 (human). However, the identity of the channel(s) present was uncertain. The present study used a combination of molecular biological techniques to demonstrate that full-length skeletal muscle type 1 (SkM1) VGSC mRNA is present in the mRNA pool of the MAT-LyLu cell line. mRNA for this particular channel type was also expressed in the PC-3 cells. In situ hybridisation data suggested that the level and pattern of rSkM1 mRNA expression were different in the Dunning cells of markedly different metastatic potential. Interestingly, the same type of mRNA was also detected in the weakly metastatic counterparts of the cells: AT-2 (rat) and LNCaP (human).
Verification of scheduling in the presence of loops using uninterpreted symbolic simulation (2003)

We propose a novel procedure based on uninterpreted symbolic simulation for checking the scheduling step in high-level synthesis. The primary task in scheduling is the assignment of time steps or, equivalently, states to operations. Various transformations like operation reordering and loop unrolling may be performed in the process to meet the optimization criteria. The contribution of our proposal lied in its ability to efficiently handle loops and a wide range of loop transformations performed during scheduling. Our algorithm is based on loop invariant extraction using a combination of uninterpreted symbolic simulation and induction techniques. In spite of its wide scope, our procedure is relatively complete and practical. This work is a part of our effort to provide a suite of techniques for verifying the various steps involved in the high-level synthesis process. It is being implemented in an in-house verification system for checking equivalence of designs generated from high-level specifications through successive refinements. We present case studies to demonstrate the applicability of our approach. These case studies consist of examples where equivalence cannot be established using conventional FSM-based methods. By providing a viable automated equivalence checking technique for such examples, we improve on the state of the art.
Genomic RNA profiling and the programme controlling preimplantation mammalian development (2008)

Preimplantation development shifts from a maternal to embryonic programme rapidly after fertilization. Although the majority of oogenetic products are lost during the maternal to embryonic transition (MET), several do survive this interval to contribute directly to supporting preimplantation development. Embryonic genome activation (EGA) is characterized by the transient expression of several genes that are necessary for MET, and while EGA represents the first major wave of gene expression, a second mid-preimplantation wave of transcription that supports development to the blastocyst stage has been discovered. The application of genomic approaches has greatly assisted in the discovery of stage specific gene expression patterns and the challenge now is to largely define gene function and regulation during preimplantation development. The basic mechanisms controlling compaction, lineage specification and blastocyst formation are defined. The requirement for embryo culture has revealed plasticity in the developmental programme that may exceed the adaptive capacity of the embryo and has fostered important research directions aimed at alleviating culture-induced changes in embryonic programming. New levels of regulation are emerging and greater insight into the roles played by RNA-binding proteins and miRNAs is required. All of this research is relevant due to the necessity to produce healthy preimplantation embryos for embryo transfer, to ensure that assisted reproductive technologies are applied in the most efficient and safest way possible.
Protection of mice against Salmonella typhimurium with an O-specific polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccine (1992)

Serious infections with salmonellae remain a threat in many human populations. Despite extensive study of salmonella infections in animals and clinical experience with killed cellular vaccines, there are no vaccines against serotypes other than Salmonella typhi licensed for human use. Serum antibodies to the O-specific polysaccharide (O-SP) of salmonellae protect mice against invasive infection. In order to render it immunogenic, we have conjugated the O-SP of Salmonella typhimurium to carrier proteins by various schemes. O-SP conjugated to tetanus toxoid (O-SP-TT) elicited antibodies in outbred mice after three subcutaneous injections without adjuvant. The O-SP alone elicited no detectable antibody. The antibody response to O-SP-TT was boosted by successive doses and consisted of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM. Most mice only produced antibodies specific for the abequose (O:4 factor) region of the O-SP. Occasional animals also produced antibodies to the core oligosaccharide. Immunized mice were protected against intraperitoneal challenge with S. typhimurium, demonstrating a 160-fold increase in the 50% lethal dose. Passive immunization with conjugate-induced IgM or IgG also protected against challenge. These results indicate that an O-SP-TT conjugate, when given by a route and formulation acceptable for human use, protects mice against challenge with S. typhimurium.
원저 : Becker ` s Melanosis의 임상 및 병리조직학적 관찰 (1994)

Background : Beckers melanosis is not an uncommon entity, and niany cases are probably not reported because the diagnosis is usually made clinically and the conditioii is benign with cosmetic significance only. The etiology remains obscure. Objective : Th
DEVELOPMENT OF TERMINOLOGY TO DESCRIBE THE HANDFEEL PROPERTIES OF PAPER AND FABRICS (1990)

ABSTRACT. Understanding the tactile feel of paper, nonwoven, and woven products requires a valid and reliable sensory evaluation method which discriminates and describes handfeel properties. The Handfeel Spectrum Descriptive Analysis method separates the sensory tactile properties of paper and fabrics into clearly defined characteristics that are based on sound physical properties. The benefit of using a trained descriptive sensory panel is that resulting analytical sensory data allow full documentation of a sample's sensory tactile properties that can be related to consumer responses and instrumental physical tests. This benefit derives from strict protocols for manipulation and the use of precisely defined terms to discriminate and describe the qualitative properties (characteristics) and their relative intensities (strength) in each product. This paper discusses in detail the protocols for (1) sample preparation, presentation, and handling during evaluation, (2) the definition and scale range for each sensory attribute/characteristic and (3) the application of these data to address business and technical situations with consumer products.
Bacillus subtilis spores: A novel microparticle adjuvant which can instruct a balanced Th1 and Th2 immune response to specific antigen (2007)

There is a current need for safe, cheap, and effective vaccine adjuvants, to combine with sub-unit antigens to enhance their immunogenicity. In this study we have used probiotic Bacillus subtilis spores, known to be safe and fully tolerated by ingestion in man, and explored their ability to influence the magnitude and diversity of immune responses induced against two model antigens, tetanus toxoid fragment C (TT) and ovalbumin (OVA) in mice. The results show that B. subtilis spores not only increased antibody and T cell responses to a co-administered soluble antigen, but also broadened them, to include both antigen-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses as well as complement and non-complement fixing antibody isotypes. Furthermore, following intranasal immunization, spores augmented specific IgA to co-administered antigen both in the local respiratory and distal vaginal mucosa, as well as increased antigen-specific IgG antibody in draining LN and blood. Collectively, these data demonstrate that naturally occurring, non-pathogenic, non-commensal spores of B. subtilis both instruct and augment polyvalent immune responses and highlight their clinical potential in future vaccines to generate broad-based immunity.
Comparison of the positional cloning methods used to isolate the BRCA1 gene (1995)

A critical step in positional cloning is the identification of candidate genes from a large, genetically defined region. Candidate gene isolation by hybrid selection, genomic sequencing, and direct cDNA library screening identified 45 candidate gene fragments (CGFs) from a 600 kb genomic region that contains the BRCA1 gene. These CGFs define a minimum of 15 genes, six of which are newly localized to the BRCA1 region. We present an analysis of the efficiency and the sequences generated for each of these methods. We also compare our CGF set to those reported for the BRCA1 region by three other groups, revealing a surprising lack of overlap among the sets.
Proteoglycan Expression during Transforming Growth Factor β-induced Keratocyte-Myofibroblast Transdifferentiation (2001)

Keratocytes of the corneal stroma secrete a unique population of proteoglycan molecules considered essential for corneal transparency. In healing corneal wounds, keratocytes exhibit a myofibroblastic phenotype in response to transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), characterized by expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin. This study examined proteoglycan and collagen expression by keratocytes in vitro during the TGF-beta-induced keratocyte-myofibroblast transition. TGF-beta-treated primary bovine keratocytes developed myofibroblastic features, including actin stress fibers anchored to paxillin-containing focal adhesions, cell-associated fibronectin, alpha(5) integrin, and alpha-smooth muscle actin. Collagen I and III protein and mRNA increased in response to TGF-beta. Secretion of [(35)S]sulfate-labeled keratan sulfate proteoglycans decreased markedly in response to TGF-beta. Dermatan sulfate proteoglycans, however, increased in size and abundance. Protein and mRNA transcripts for normal stromal proteoglycans (lumican, keratocan, mimecan, and decorin) all decreased in response to TGF-beta, but protein expression and mRNA for biglycan, a proteoglycan present in fibrotic tissue, was markedly up-regulated. These results show that TGF-beta in vitro induces a proteoglycan expression pattern similar to that of corneal scars in vivo. This altered proteoglycan expression occurred coordinately with transdifferentiation of keratocytes to the myofibroblastic phenotype, implicating these cells as the source of fibrotic tissue in nontransparent corneal scars.
Prevention of Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Infants: A 20-Year Experience (2006)

Our 20-year experience with 1239 very low birth weight infants suggests strongly that the late-onset, slow, continuous drip feeding protocol and avoidance of indomethacin and early dexamethasone treatment contribute to the prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis.
Localization of Drug Release Sites from an Oral Sustained‐Release Formulation of 5‐ASA (Pentasa®) in the Gastrointestinal Tract Using Gamma Scintigraphy (1993)

Release of 5-ASA from a sustained release formulation (Pentasa, Ferring A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark) was monitored with plasma sampling for up to 24 hours in nine volunteers under both fasted and fed conditions. Drug absorption was correlated with location of the sustained-release microgranules in the gastrointestinal tract by gamma scintigraphy. Disintegration of the labeled tablet preparation occurred in the stomach within 20 minutes and acetylated 5-ASA was detectable in the plasma less than 60 minutes after ingestion. No significant differences were detected in either transit times through the small intestine, peak plasma acetylated 5-ASA concentration or lag time to absorption between fasted and fed individuals. Peak plasma concentration of acetylated 5-ASA usually occurred when the microgranules were present in the small intestine or ascending colon. The pharmacoscintigraphic study confirmed that 5-ASA release from the formulation occurred throughout the gastrointestinal tract, and that food effects on the in vivo behavior of the preparation were minimal.
Cell biological steps and checkpoints in accessing NK cell cytotoxicity (2014)

Natural killer (NK) cell-mediated cytotoxicity is governed by the formation of a lytic immune synapse in discrete regulated steps, which give rise to an extensive array of cellular checkpoints in accessing NK cell-mediated cytolytic defense. Appropriate progression through these cell biological steps is critical for the directed secretion of specialized secretory lysosomes and subsequent target cell death. Here we highlight recent discoveries in the formation of the NK cell cytolytic synapse as well as the molecular steps and cell biological checkpoints required for this essential host defense process.
Down-regulation of Cx43 by Retroviral Delivery of Small Interfering RNA Promotes an Aggressive Breast Cancer Cell Phenotype (2005)

Connexins are gap junction proteins that assemble into channels that mediate direct intercellular communication. Connexins are well-documented tumor suppressors and are thought to regulate both cell growth and differentiation. As previously reported, most human breast tumors and cell lines down-regulate gap junctions or have defective gap junctional intercellular communication. Furthermore, overexpression of connexins in breast cancer cells inhibits tumor growth in vivo. In this study, we hypothesize that controlled Cx43 down-regulation would induce breast tumor cells to acquire a more aggressive phenotype. Here we report that Cx43 was down-regulated in both normal rat kidney (NRK) cells and human breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231 and Hs578T) by transfection with chemically synthesized small interfering RNA (siRNA) or short hairpin RNA generated from a retroviral infection. Furthermore, we show that retroviral delivery and expression of siRNA directed to different coding regions of Cx43 resulted in differential levels of Cx43 silencing and impaired gap junctional intercellular communication. Cx43-silenced Hs578T cells grew faster and were more migratory. Finally, Western blot analysis revealed that down-regulation of Cx43 resulted in decreased expression of thrombospondin-1, an antiangiogenesis molecule, and increased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor. Taken together, these results suggest that Cx43 is required for maintaining cell differentiation and the regulation of molecules important in angiogenesis.
An analysis of the health service efficiency and patient experience with two different intravenous iron preparations in a UK anaemia clinic (2012)

FCM was associated with fewer hospital visits and reduced transport costs for CKD-ND patients receiving IV iron and has the potential to save 19-37% in service costs. Owing to increased administration efficiency, FCM can improve the overall patient experience while reducing the total cost of the King's College Hospital IV iron service for CKD-ND patients, compared with treatment with IS.