gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
TTP - A time-triggered protocol for fault-tolerant real-time systems (2002)

The Time-Triggered Protocol (TTP), which is intended for use in distributed real-time control applications that require a high dependability and guaranteed timeliness, is discussed. It integrates all services that are required in the design of a fault-tolerant real-time system, such as predictable message transmission, message acknowledgment in group communication, clock synchronization, membership, rapid mode changes, redundancy management, and temporary blackout handling. It supports fault-tolerant configurations with replicated nodes and replicated communication channels. TTP provides these services with a small overhead so it can be used efficiently on twisted pair channels as well as on fiber optic networks.
Construction of a stable shuttle vector for high-frequency transformation in Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae (1990)

A cryptic 80.3-kilobase plasmid, pOSU900, in Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae strain J900 could be cured by treatment with mitomycin without affecting the pathogenicity of J900 on the host, Phaseolus vulgaris L. The replication region of pOSU900 was identified, subcloned, and modified for construction of a high-copy cloning vector. This vector could be transformed into Pseudomonas strains with high efficiency (ca. 10(6) transformants per microgram of DNA) and was very stable during growth of the host bacteria in planta.
The N-terminal Extracellular Segments of the Chemokine Receptors CCR1 and CCR3 Are Determinants for MIP-1α and Eotaxin Binding, Respectively, but a Second Domain Is Essential for Efficient Receptor Activation (1998)

CCR1 and CCR3 are seven-transmembrane domain G protein-coupled receptors specific for members of the CC chemokine subgroup of leukocyte chemoattractants. Both have been implicated in the inflammatory response, and CCR3, through its expression on eosinophils, basophils, and Th2 lymphocytes, may be especially important in allergic inflammation. CCR1 and CCR3 are 54% identical in amino acid sequence and share some ligands but not others. In particular, macrophage inflammatory protein 1alpha (MIP-1alpha) is a ligand for CCR1 but not CCR3, and eotaxin is a ligand for CCR3 but not CCR1. To map ligand selectivity determinants and to guide rational antagonist design, we analyzed CCR1:CCR3 chimeric receptors. When expressed in mouse pre-B cells, chimeras in which the N-terminal extracellular segments were switched were both able to bind both MIP-1alpha and eotaxin, but in each case, binding occurred via separate sites. Nevertheless, neither MIP-1alpha nor eotaxin were effective agonists at either chimeric receptor in either calcium flux or chemotaxis assays. These data are consistent with a multi-site model for chemokine-chemokine receptor interaction in which one or more subsites determine chemokine selectivity, but others are needed for receptor activation. Agents that bind to the N-terminal segments of CCR1 and CCR3 may be useful in blocking receptor function.
Functional Connectivity of the Subcallosal Cingulate Cortex And Differential Outcomes to Treatment With Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy or Antidepressant Medication for Major Depressive Disorder (2017)

Imaging-based depression subtypes defined using resting-state functional connectivity differentially identified an individual's probability of remission or treatment failure with first-line treatment options for major depression. This biomarker should be explored in future research through prospective testing and as a component of multivariate treatment prediction models.
Prevalence of Factor H–Binding Protein Variants and NadA among Meningococcal Group B Isolates from the United States: Implications for the Development of a Multicomponent Group B Vaccine (2007)

Susceptibility to bactericidal activity can be predicted, in part, on the basis of fHBP phenotypes. Both vaccines have the potential to prevent most group B disease in the United States.
Tolerogenic Treatment of Lupus Mice with Consensus Peptide Induces Foxp3-Expressing, Apoptosis-Resistant, TGFβ-Secreting CD8+ T Cell Suppressors (2005)

Lupus-prone (NZB x NZW)F1 mice spontaneously develop elevated titers of anti-DNA Abs that contain T cell determinants in their V(H) regions. We have previously shown that tolerization with an artificial peptide based on these T cell determinants (pConsensus (pCons)) can block production of anti-DNA Abs and prolong survival of the mice. In this study, we show that this protection depends in part on the generation of peripheral TGFbeta- and Foxp3-expressing inhibitory CD8+ (Ti) cells. These CD8+ Ti cells suppress anti-DNA IgG production both in vitro and in vivo and require up-regulated expression of both Foxp3 and TGFbeta to exert their suppressive function, as indicated by microarray analyses, small interfering RNA inhibition studies, and blocking experiments. Additionally, CD8+ Ti cells from pCons-tolerized mice were longer-lived suppressors that up-regulated expression of Bcl-2 and were more resistant to apoptosis than similar cells from naive mice. These data indicate that clinical suppression of autoimmunity after administration of pCons depends in part on the generation of CD8+ Ti cells that suppress secretion of anti-DNA Ig using mechanisms that include Foxp3, TGFbeta, and resistance to apoptosis.
Dietary fibre, complex carbohydrate and coronary artery disease. (1995)

Animal studies indicate that viscous, soluble fibres such as psyllium, oat gum, guar gum and pectin have substantial hypocholesterolemic effects. Epidemiologic data suggest that the intake of complex carbohydrate and dietary fibre is associated in an inverse manner to risk for coronary artery disease (CAD). Two long term clinical trials indicate that increasing soluble fibre intake as part of a low fat, low cholesterol diet reduces serum cholesterol concentration from 3 to 5% below that for the low fat, low cholesterol diet. Short term, controlled clinical trials indicate that oat bran or beans, in a metabolic ward setting, decrease serum cholesterol concentrations of hypercholesterolemic individuals by 10 to 12%. Studies of free-living hypercholesterolemic individuals document that incorporation of oat products, psyllium or guar gum into the diet decreases serum cholesterol by 6 to 8%. Other studies suggest that increased fibre intake may decrease blood pressure slightly, assist in weight management, alter blood clotting factors, and increase insulin sensitivity. Intake of dietary fibre and complex carbohydrate appear to have a protective role for CAD. Further controlled clinical trials are required to examine the role of fibre and complex carbohydrate in prevention or regression of CAD.
Spin Hall effect versus Rashba torque: a Diffusive Approach (2012)

Current-driven magnetization dynamics of single ferromagnets in heavy metal/ferromagnet bilayers has been recently realized. In this work, spin torque induced by so-called Rashba spin-orbit coupling and spin Hall effect are considered within a diffusive model. The dependence of the resulting torque as a function of the thicknesses of the ferromagnet and heavy metal is analyzed. We show that (i) both torques are on the form ${\bf T}=T_{||}{\bf m}\times{\bf y}+T_\bot{\bf m}\times({\bf y}\times{\bf m})$, (ii) the ratio $T_{||}/T_\bot$ strongly depends on the thickness of the layers and (iii) the thickness dependence of the spin torque provides an indication of the origin of the (Rashba- or spin Hall effect-induced) spin torque .
Radio Propagation Over Spherical Earth* (1935)

The paper shows how Watson's solution for the propagation of electromagnetic waves over perfectly conducting spherical earth merges into the Abraham solution for propagation over a perfectly conducting plane for shorter distances. The effects of refraction by the lower atmosphere and of the imperfect conductivity of the earth are taken into consideration. The magnitude of the former, which is appreciable, is obtained. The latter is relatively unimportant for ocean water and frequencies of the order of a megacycle and less. The theoretical solution for radio propagation over perfectly conducting spherical earth with atmospheric refraction is in agreement with available experimental data for propagation over ocean water for frequencies below a few megacycles. Eckersley's extension of Watson's solution to take into account the effect of the imperfect conductivity of the earth by the phase integral method is found to contain approximations which render its results questionable.
Exact reconstruction techniques for tree-structured subband coders (1986)

In recent years, tree-structured analysis/reconstruction systems have been extensively studied for use in subband coders for speech. In such systems, it is imperative that the individual channel signals be decimated in such a way that the number of samples coded and transmitted do not exceed the number of samples in the original speech signal. Under this constraint, the systems presented in the past have sought to remove the aliasing distortion while minimizing the overall analysis/reconstruction distortion. In this paper, it is shown that it is possible to design tree-structured analysis/reconstruction systems which meet the sampling rate condition and which result in exact reconstruction of the input signal. The conditions for exact reconstruction are developed and presented. Furthermore, it is shown that these conditions are not overly restrictive and high-quality frequency division may be performed in the analysis section. A filter design procedure is presented which allows high-quality filters to be easily designed.
Characterization of promoters and stable transfection by homologous and nonhomologous recombination in Plasmodium falciparum. (1996)

Genetic studies of the protozoan parasite Plasmodium falciparum have been severely limited by the inability to introduce or modify genes. In this paper we describe a system of stable transfection of P. falciparum using a Toxoplasma gondii dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase gene, modified to confer resistance to pyrimethamine, as a selectable marker. This gene was placed under the transcriptional control of the P. falciparum calmodulin gene flanking sequences. Transfected parasites generally maintained plasmids episomally while under selection; however, parasite clones containing integrated forms of the plasmid were obtained. Integration occurred by both homologous and nonhomologous recombination. In addition to the flanking sequence of the P. falciparum calmodulin gene, the 5' sequences of the P. falciparum and P. chabaudi dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase genes were also shown to be transcriptionally active in P. falciparum. The minimal 5' sequence that possessed significant transcriptional activity was determined for each gene and short sequences containing important transcriptional control elements were identified. These sequences will provide considerable flexibility in the future construction of plasmid vectors to be used for the expression of foreign genes or for the deletion or modification of P. falciparum genes of interest.
MonoSLAM: Real-Time Single Camera SLAM (2007)

We present a real-time algorithm which can recover the 3D trajectory of a monocular camera, moving rapidly through a previously unknown scene. Our system, which we dub MonoSLAM, is the first successful application of the SLAM methodology from mobile robotics to the "pure vision" domain of a single uncontrolled camera, achieving real time but drift-free performance inaccessible to Structure from Motion approaches. The core of the approach is the online creation of a sparse but persistent map of natural landmarks within a probabilistic framework. Our key novel contributions include an active approach to mapping and measurement, the use of a general motion model for smooth camera movement, and solutions for monocular feature initialization and feature orientation estimation. Together, these add up to an extremely efficient and robust algorithm which runs at 30 Hz with standard PC and camera hardware. This work extends the range of robotic systems in which SLAM can be usefully applied, but also opens up new areas. We present applications of MonoSLAM to real-time 3D localization and mapping for a high-performance full-size humanoid robot and live augmented reality with a hand-held camera.
Vessel dilator and kaliuretic peptide inhibit ERK 1/2 activation in human prostate cancer cells. (2006)

Vessel dilator and kaliuretic peptide both inhibit ERK 1/2 kinase mediated via cyclic GMP as part of their anticancer mechanism(s) of action.
EdU labeling of Trypanosome Cells and Their Kinetoplast DNA (kDNA) (2013)

Trypanosome mitochondrial genome, known as Kinetoplast DNA (kDNA), is a massive network of interlocked DNA rings. The studies of kDNA replication and architecture are of major significance since kDNA is a valid drug target. However, DNA in procyclic trypanosomes can not be labeled with tracer concentrations of 3[H]-thymidine, possibly because they lack a high-affinity transporter for thymidine. Therefore, BrdU, a thymidine analog, has been used at high concentrations to study kDNA replication. However, the detection of BrdU with anti-BrdU antibody requires harsh conditions such as the acid or heat treatment to seperate double DNA strand, which affects the ability for other antibodies to bind as well as the morphology and ability for dyes that require dsDNA to bind efficiently. Instead, EdU (5-Ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine), a novel thymidine analog, can be used to study kDNA replication and cell proliferation with a simplified protocol. Detection of EdU is based on a click reaction, which is a copper (I) catalyzed reaction between an azide and an alkyne. This click reaction does not require DNA denaturation and it is multiplex compatible, such as other antibodies and dyes for cell cycle analyses. To visualize trypanosome replicating nuclear DNA and kDNA, EdU is added into the medium of cell culture and incubated for 0.5 h to 3 h and then detected by the following procedures.
Automatic Cross-Language Retrieval Using Latent Semantic Indexing (1997)

We describe a method for fully automated cross-language document retrieval in which no query translation is required. Queries in one language can retrieve documents in other languages (as well as the original language). This is accomplished by a method that automatically constructs a multilingual semantic space using Latent Semantic Indexing (LSI). Strong test results for the cross-language LSI (CLLSI) method are presented for a new French-English collection. We also provide evidence that this automatic method performs comparably to a retrieval method based on machine translation (MT-LSI), and explore several practical training methods. By all available measures, CL-LSI performs quite well and is widely applicable. Introduction Cross-language LSI (CL-LSI) is a fully automatic method for cross-language document retrieval in which no query translation is required. Queries in one language can retrieve documents in other languages (as well as the original language). This is accomplished b...
Indium-111-labeled anti-egfr-425 scintigraphy in the detection of malignant gliomas (1994)

Immunoscintigraphy with 111-In labeled anti-EGFr-425 can be useful in the management of malignant gliomas, especially before radioimmunotherapy with 125I-labeled anti-EGFr-425.
Proliferative effects of 'fibre' on the intestinal epithelium: relationship to gastrin, enteroglucagon and PYY. (1987)

Refeeding starved rats with a fibre free 'elemental' diet increased crypt cell production rate (CCPR) in the proximal small intestine but not in the distal regions of the gut. Little effect on CCPR was seen when inert bulk (kaolin) was added to the 'elemental' diet. Addition of a poorly fermentable dietary 'fibre' (purified wood cellulose) had little effect on intestinal epithelial cell proliferation except in the distal colon where it significantly increased CCPR. A more readily fermentable 'fibre' (purified wheat bran) caused a large proliferative response in the proximal, mid and distal colon and in the distal small intestine. A gel forming 'fibre' also stimulated proliferation in the distal colon. There was no significant correlation between CCPR and plasma gastrin concentrations, but plasma enteroglucagon concentrations were significantly correlated with CCPR in almost all the sites studied. Plasma PYY concentrations also showed some correlation with CCPR, especially in the colon. Thus, whilst inert bulk cannot stimulate colonic epithelial cell proliferation, fermentable 'fibre' is capable of stimulating proliferation in the colon, and especially in the distal colon: it can also stimulate proliferation in the distal small intestine and it is likely that plasma enteroglucagon may have a role to play in this process.
Oxidation of Carbon−Silicon Bonds:  The Dramatic Advantage of Strained Siletanes (2003)

[reaction: see text] Herein we report on the use of siletanes as substrates for the oxidation of carbon-silicon bonds. These tetraalkylsilanes are easy to handle yet susceptible to rapid ring opening and oxidation upon exposure to aqueous fluoride and peroxide. This combination of stability and reactivity presents many practical benefits, including compatibility with silicon protecting groups and electron-rich aromatic rings.
Clinical Features in Patients Requiring Reoperation after Failed Endoscopic Procedures for Hydrocephalus (2000)

The aim of this study was to clarify the clinical features of patients at risk of secondary obstruction following endoscopic fenestration. Clinical notes and endoscopic findings for 15 patients treated with endoscopic procedures were retrospectively reviewed. Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) was performed as initial treatment in 4 patients with non-communicating hydrocephalus, including a neonate with myelomeningocele, and as an alternative to shunt revision in 4 patients. Two patients with non-communicating hydrocephalus caused by tumor or arachnoid cyst were also managed with third ventriculostomy. Four patients with loculated hydrocephalus underwent endoscopic septostomy. A child with an isolated fourth ventricle was treated with endoscopic aqueductoplasty. Of the 15 patients undergoing endoscopic procedure, 4 required reoperation. Of the 10 patients treated with ETV, only the neonate with myelomeningocele required a ventriculoperitoneal shunt because of failure of the initial procedure. Of the 4 patients treated with endoscopic septostomy, 2 children with loculated hydrocephalus following intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) underwent a second septostomy. In a patient with an isolated fourth ventricle following posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus, recurrence was noted 8 months after the initial procedure. He underwent a second procedure using a stent implanted into the aqueduct to maintain CSF circulation. Sufficient stomal size or implantation of a stent may be required in the under-2-year age group with hydrocephalus accompanied by IVH and associated with myelomeningocele, in whom the risk of secondary obstruction may be high.
The data embedding method (1996)

Data embedding is a new steganographic method for combining digital information sets. This paper describes the data embedding method and gives examples of its application using software written in the C-programming language. Sandford and Handel produced a computer program (BMPEMBED, Ver. 1.51 written for IBM PC/AT or compatible, MS/DOS Ver. 3.3 or later) that implements data embedding in an application for digital imagery. Information is embedded into, and extracted from, Truecolor or color-pallet images in Microsoft{reg_sign} bitmap (.BMP) format. Hiding data in the noise component of a host, by means of an algorithm that modifies or replaces the noise bits, is termed {open_quote}steganography.{close_quote} Data embedding differs markedly from conventional steganography, because it uses the noise component of the host to insert information with few or no modifications to the host data values or their statistical properties. Consequently, the entropy of the host data is affected little by using data embedding to add information. The data embedding method applies to host data compressed with transform, or {open_quote}lossy{close_quote} compression algorithms, as for example ones based on discrete cosine transform and wavelet functions. Analysis of the host noise generates a key required for embedding and extracting the auxiliary data from the combined data. The key is stored easily in the combined data. Images without the key cannot be processed to extract the embedded information. To provide security for the embedded data, one can remove the key from the combined data and manage it separately. The image key can be encrypted and stored in the combined data or transmitted separately as a ciphertext much smaller in size than the embedded data. The key size is typically ten to one-hundred bytes, and it is in data an analysis algorithm.
Vacuum-Assisted Wound Closure (2000)

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