gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Supercritical fluid processing (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSupercritical fluid processingCharles A. Eckert, John G. Van Alsten, and Thomas. StoicosCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1986, 20, 4, 319–325Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es00146a002https://doi.org/10.1021/es00146a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views361Altmetric-Citations40LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An In Vitro Study of Changing Profile Heights in Mitral Bioprostheses and Their Influence on Flow (2006)

In vitro assessment of different profiles for prosthetic mitral valves can result in better understanding of the physics of transmitral flow for each design. It has been postulated that decreasing the profile height of the mitral bioprosthetic valve has potential clinical benefit. In the present study, we compared the atrial and ventricular flow characteristics in different conditions using Carpentier-Edwards Perimount mitral valves with various profile heights. Each valve was placed at the intersection of the left ventricle, made of transparent silicone rubber, and the left atrium in Caltech's left heart pulsed flow simulator system. Digital particle image velocimetry has been used as the quantitative flow visualization technique. With the intention of studying the blood wash out around each valve, circulation and particle residence time were computed based on the vorticity and velocity fields around each valve, respectively. Results show that by increasing the profile's height at the atrial side of the valve, the magnitude of circulation near the atrial side of the valve decreases while particle residence time increases. However, extreme reduction of profile height in the ventricular side may increase the magnitude of circulation around the valve and decrease the particle residence time.
El despido tácito y la caducidad de la acción para impugnarlo (2006)

La sentencia objeto de análisis aborda, siguiendo la doctrina de otras, cuatro importantes cuestiones. La primera, la determinación de un despido tácito por el hecho del empleador de haber cerrado el centro de trabajo y no haber pagado al trabajador el subsidio de Incapacidad Temporal (IT). La segunda, la conjunción de la acción resolutoria del contrato de trabajo instada por el trabajador (art. 50 del ET) con la de despido. La tercera, la caducidad de la acción para impugnar el despido (art. 59.3). Y la cuarta que no tiene relación directa con el despido tácito, pero merece la pena hacer mención sobre la responsabilidad de las personas físicas accionistas mayoritarias de las sociedades codemandadas.
How Computers Work with CDROM, Millennium Edition (1999)

From the Book:
Sorcerers have their magic wands--powerful, potentially dangerous tools with a life of their own. Witches have their familiars--creatures disguised as household beasts that could, if they choose, wreak the witches' havoc. Mystics have their golems--beings built of wood and tin brought to life to do their masters' bidding. 
We have our personal computers. 
PCs, too, are powerful creations that often seem to have a life of their own. Usually they respond to a seemingly magical incantation typed at a C:> prompt or to a wave of a mouse by performing tasks we couldn't imagine doing ourselves without some sort of preternatural help. But even as computers successfully carry out our commands, it's often difficult to quell the feeling that there's some wizardry at work here. 
And then there are the times when our PCs, like malevolent spirits, rebel and open the gates of chaos onto our neatly ordered columns of numbers, our carefully wrought sentences, and our beautifully crafted graphics. When that happens, we're often convinced that we are, indeed, playing with power not entirely under our control. We become sorcerers' apprentices, whose every attempt to right things leads to deeper trouble. 
Whether our personal computers are faithful servants or imps, most of us soon realize there's much more going on inside those silent boxes than we really understand. PCs are secretive. Open their tightly sealed cases and you're confronted with poker-faced components. Few give any clues as to what they're about. Most of them consist of sphinx-like microchips that offer no more information about themselves than some obscure code printed on their impenetrable surfaces. The maze ofcircuit tracings etched on the boards is fascinating, but meaningless, hieroglyphics. Some crucial parts, such as the hard drive and power supply, are sealed with printed omens about the dangers of peeking inside, omens that put to shame the warnings on a pharaoh's tomb. 
This book is based on two ideas. One is that the magic we understand is safer and more powerful than the magic we don't. This is not a hands-on how-to book. Don't look for any instructions for taking a screwdriver to this part or the other. But perhaps your knowing more about what's going on inside all those stoic components makes them all a little less formidable when something does go awry. The second idea behind this book is that knowledge, in itself, is a worthwhile and enjoyable goal. This book is written to respond to your random musings about the goings--on inside that box that you sit in front of several hours a day. If this book puts your questions to rest-or raises new ones--it will have done its job. 
At the same time, however, I'm trusting that knowing the secrets behind the magician's legerdemain won't spoil the show. This is a real danger. Mystery is often as compelling as knowledge. I'd hate to think that anything you read in this book takes away that sense of wonder you have when you manage to make your PC do some grand, new trick. I hope that, instead, this book makes you a more confident sorcerer.
Reduced Satellite Cell Numbers and Myogenic Capacity in Aging Can Be Alleviated by Endurance Exercise (2010)

Gastrocnemius muscles were assessed for the effect of age, gender and exercise on satellite-cell numbers and myogenic capacity. Satellite cells were identified in freshly isolated myofibers based on Pax7 immunostaining (i.e., ex-vivo). The capacity of individual myofiber-associated cells to produce myogenic progeny was determined in clonal assays (in-vitro). We show an age-associated decrease in satellite-cell numbers and in the percent of myogenic clones in old sedentary rats. Upon exercise, there was an increase in myofibers that contain higher numbers of satellite cells in both young and old rats, and an increase in the percent of myogenic clones derived from old rats. Changes at the satellite cell level in old rats were accompanied with positive effects on the lean-to-fat Gast muscle composition and on spontaneous locomotion levels. The significance of these data is that they suggest that the endurance exercise-mediated boost in both satellite numbers and myogenic properties may improve myofiber maintenance in aging.
<title>Microsphere integration in active and passive photonics devices</title> (2000)

As an important step towards integration of microspheres in compact functional photonics devices, we demonstrate direct efficient coupling of light in and out of high-Q whispering- gallery (WG) modes in silica microspheres using angle- polished single mode fibers. Based on this principle, we present a 1-inch fiber-pigtailed microsphere module that can be used for fiber-optic applications, and a fiber-coupled erbium-doped microsphere laser at 1.55 micrometers . In addition, we report preliminary data on the intensity modulation based on high-Q WG modes in a lithium niobate sphere. We also demonstrate a novel geometry WG-mode optical microcavity that combines Q approximately 10<SUP>7</SUP>, typical for microspheres, with few-nanometer mode spacing either available in lower quality factor Q approximately 10<SUP>4</SUP> microfabricated planar rings.
Dislocation effect on light emission efficiency in gallium nitride (2002)

We modify the model of nonradiative carrier recombination on threading dislocation cores [Z. Z. Bandić, P. M. Bridger, E. C. Piquette, and T. C. McGill, Solid-State Electron. 44, 221 (2000)] to estimate quantitatively the light emission efficiency in GaN as a function of the dislocation density and nonequilibrium carrier concentration. The model predictions are in good agreement with available data on the minority carrier diffusion length in GaN. The dislocation density must be reduced, at least, down to ∼107 cm−2 in order to provide a light emission efficiency close to unity. The n-type background doping is found to be favorable for the further efficiency improvement.
Monitoring of Ligand-independent Dimerization and Ligand-induced Conformational Changes of Melatonin Receptors in Living Cells by Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer (2002)

Several G protein-coupled receptors have been shown to exist as homo-and hetero-oligomeric complexes in living cells. However, the link between ligand-induced receptor activation and its oligomerization state as well as the proportion of the total receptor population that can engage in oligomeric complexes remain open questions. Here, the closely related human MT1 and MT2 melatonin receptors (MT1R, MT2R) were used to address these issues. Bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) experiments in living HEK 293 cells revealed that these receptors form homo- and hetero-oligomers. Constitutive energy transfer was observed for all receptor combinations at physiological expression levels and could be detected in single cell BRET experiments. Inhibition of the energy transfer by dilution of the BRET partners identified MT1R and MT2R dimers as the predominant receptor species, and this oligomerization state did not change upon agonist and antagonist binding. Agonists, neutral antagonists, and inverse agonists all promoted increases in BRET values for MT2R but not for MT1R homodimers in living cells and isolated plasma membranes. This indicates that no correlation could be inferred between the receptor activation state and the dimerization state of the receptor. This also suggests that ligand-promoted BRET increases represent specific ligand-induced conformational changes of pre-existing dimers rather then increased dimerization. The observation that ligands favored the energy transfer within the hetero-oligomer from MT1R to MT2R but not in the reverse orientation, from MT2R to MT1R, supports this view.
Camptothecin antitumor agents. (1999)

The discovery of the natural product 20(S)-Camptothecin as a highly promising anticancer lead compound in the early 1960s; the identification of topoisomerase I as the molecular target of camptothecin compounds almost 20 years later; the approval and clinical success of irinotecan and topotecan as the first representatives of this novel class of chemotherapeutics another decade later; and the recent efforts to improve drug potency, stability, bioavailability and tumor selectivity: this is the story of camptothecin antitumor agents which will be reviewed.
Endothelial Cell Migration and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression Are the Result of Loss of Breast Tissue Polarity (2009)

Recruiting a new blood supply is a rate-limiting step in tumor progression. In a three-dimensional model of breast carcinogenesis, disorganized, proliferative transformed breast epithelial cells express significantly higher expression of angiogenic genes compared with their polarized, growth-arrested nonmalignant counterparts. Elevated vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion by malignant cells enhanced recruitment of endothelial cells (EC) in heterotypic cocultures. Significantly, phenotypic reversion of malignant cells via reexpression of HoxD10, which is lost in malignant progression, significantly attenuated VEGF expression in a hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha-independent fashion and reduced EC migration. This was due primarily to restoring polarity: forced proliferation of polarized, nonmalignant cells did not induce VEGF expression and EC recruitment, whereas disrupting the architecture of growth-arrested, reverted cells did. These data show that disrupting cytostructure activates the angiogenic switch even in the absence of proliferation and/or hypoxia and restoring organization of malignant clusters reduces VEGF expression and EC activation to levels found in quiescent nonmalignant epithelium. These data confirm the importance of tissue architecture and polarity in malignant progression.
Dietary phosphate restriction ameliorates endothelial dysfunction in adenine-induced kidney disease rats (2012)

Hyperphosphatemia causes endothelial dysfunction as well as vascular calcification. Management of serum phosphate level by dietary phosphate restriction or phosphate binders is considered to be beneficial to prevent chronic kidney disease patients from cardiovascular disease, but it has been unclear whether keeping lower serum phosphate level can ameliorate endothelial dysfunction. In this study we investigated whether low-phosphate diet can ameliorate endothelial dysfunction in adenine-induced kidney disease rats, one of useful animal model of chronic kidney disease. Administration of 0.75% adenine-containing diet for 21 days induced renal failure with hyperphosphatemia, and impaired acetylcholine-dependent vasodilation of thoracic aortic ring in rats. Then adenine-induced kidney disease rats were treated with either control diet (1% phosphate) or low-phosphate diet (0.2% phosphate) for 16 days. Low-phosphate diet ameliorated not only hyperphosphatemia but also the impaired vasodilation of aorta. In addition, the activatory phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase at serine 1177 and Akt at serine 473 in the aorta were inhibited by in adenine-induced kidney disease rats. The inhibited phosphorylations were improved by the low-phosphate diet treatment. Thus, dietary phosphate restriction can improve aortic endothelial dysfunction in chronic kidney disease with hyperphosphatemia by increase in the activatory phosphorylations of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and Akt.
Cytoadherence of Malaria-Infected Red Blood Cells Involves Exposure of Phosphatidylserine (2002)

Phosphatidylserine (PS) is a membrane phospholipid which in intact cells is exclusively localized in the inner leaflet of the lipid bilayer. However, once cells undergo apoptosis or oxidative stress, PS molecules are exposed on the external surface of the cells and this contributes to their adherence to macrophages or endothelial cells. PS exposure on Plasmodium falciparum-infected red cells was determined by flow cytometry using fluorescein-labeled annexin V, which specifically binds to PS. Involvement of exposed PS in the adherence of malaria-infected red cells to endothelial cells was examined by in vitro cytoadherence assays. Infected cells exposed PS on their surface as the intracellular parasites matured to trophozoite and schizont stages. Adherence of malaria-infected cells to CD36, CD36-expressing Chinese hamster ovary cells, thrombospondin, and C32 amelanotic melanoma cells was inhibited by annexin V, whereas ICAM-1- and chondroitin sulfate A-mediated binding was not. Further, PS liposomes and glycerophosphorylserine, but not phosphatidylcholine liposomes and glycerophosphorylcholine, inhibited the binding of infected cells to CD36 and thrombospondin. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that PS exposed on the surface of malaria-infected red cells contributes, in part, to the adherence of P. falciparum-parasitized red cells to CD36 and thrombospondin.
β-thalassemia: a model for elucidating the dynamic regulation of ineffective erythropoiesis and iron metabolism (2011)

β-thalassemia is a disease characterized by anemia and is associated with ineffective erythropoiesis and iron dysregulation resulting in iron overload. The peptide hormone hepcidin regulates iron metabolism, and insufficient hepcidin synthesis is responsible for iron overload in minimally transfused patients with this disease. Understanding the crosstalk between erythropoiesis and iron metabolism is an area of active investigation in which patients with and models of β-thalassemia have provided significant insight. The dependence of erythropoiesis on iron presupposes that iron demand for hemoglobin synthesis is involved in the regulation of iron metabolism. Major advances have been made in understanding iron availability for erythropoiesis and its dysregulation in β-thalassemia. In this review, we describe the clinical characteristics and current therapeutic standard in β-thalassemia, explore the definition of ineffective erythropoiesis, and discuss its role in hepcidin regulation. In preclinical experiments using interventions such as transferrin, hepcidin agonists, and JAK2 inhibitors, we provide evidence of potential new treatment alternatives that elucidate mechanisms by which expanded or ineffective erythropoiesis may regulate iron supply, distribution, and utilization in diseases such as β-thalassemia.
Building reconstruction from LIDAR data and aerial imagery (2005)

This paper presents a scheme for building detection and reconstruction by merging LIDAR data and aerial imagery. In the building detection part, a region-based segmentation and object-based classification are integrated. In the building reconstruction, we analyze the coplanarity of the LIDAR point clouds to shape roofs. The accurate positions of the building walls are then determined by integrating the edges extracted from aerial imagery and the plane derived from LIDAR point clouds. The three dimensional building edges are thus used to reconstruct the building models. In the reconstruction, a patented method SMS (Split-Merge-Shape) is incorporated. Having the advantages of high reliability and flexibility, the SMS method provides stable solution even when those 3D building lines are broken. LIDAR data acquired by Leica ALS 40 and aerial images were used in the validation. Experimental results indicate that the successful rate for building detecition is higher that 81%. The positioning for buildings may reach sub-meter accuracy.
Complete nucleotide sequence of the gene for human interleukin 1 alpha (1986)

The chromosomal gene for human interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1 alpha) was isolated from a human genomic DNA library by using as a probe cloned human IL-1 alpha cDNA. Complete nucleotide sequence of about 12 kilobase pairs (kbp) long was determined and the structure and organization of this gene were elucidated. This gene contains seven exons and six introns. The first exon encodes the 5'-untranslated region. Most of the prepeptide portion of the precursor polypeptide is encoded by the next three exons, and the mature form of IL-1 alpha is encoded by the remaining three exons. The last exon also encodes the intronless 3'-untranslated region. The fourth intron as well as both 5'- and 3'-flanking regions contains the sequence of an Alu family member. In the middle part of the last intron, a 46-bp sequence with a unique structure is repeated five times in a head to tail manner. These repeats are flanked by the regions containing alternative purine and pyrimidine tracts. In the 5'-flanking region, immediately upstream of the putative TATA box, the 16-bp sequence highly homologous to the binding site of the adenovirus 2 major late promoter transcription factor is identified. The nucleotide sequence reported here showed only one nucleotide substitution in the 3'-untranslated exon in comparison with the nucleotide sequence of the cDNA from HL-60, a promyelocytic leukemia cell line, previously cloned and sequenced in our laboratories.
Leptin and Androgens in Male Obesity: Evidence for Leptin Contribution to Reduced Androgen Levels* (1999)

Leptin circulates in plasma at concentrations that parallel the amount of fat reserves. In obese males, androgen levels decline in proportion to the degree of obesity. Recently, we have shown that in rodent Leydig cells leptin inhibits hCG-stimulated testosterone (T) production via a functional leptin receptor isoform; others have found that leptin inhibits basal and hCG-induced T secretion by testis from adult rats. In this study, we further investigated the relationship linking leptin and androgens in men. Basal and hCG-stimulated leptin and sex hormone levels were studied in a large group of men ranging from normal weight to very obese (body mass index, 21.8-55.7). Initial cross-sectional studies showed that circulating leptin and fat mass (FM) were inversely related with total and free T (r = -0.51 and r = -0.38, P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively). Multiple regression analysis indicated that the correlation between leptin or FM and T was not lost after controlling for SHBG and/or LH and/or estradiol (E2) levels and that leptin was the best hormonal predictor of the lower androgen levels in obesity. Dynamic studies showed that in obese men the area under the curve of T and free T to LH/hCG stimulation (5000 IU i.m.) was 30-40% lower than in controls and inversely correlated with leptin levels (r = -0.45 and r = -0.40, P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively). Also, LH/hCG-stimulation caused higher increases in 17-OH-progesterone to T ratio in obese men than in controls, whereas no differences were observed between groups either in stimulated E2 levels or in the E2/T ratio. In all subjects, the percentage increases from baseline in the 17-OH-progesterone to T ratio were directly correlated with leptin levels or FM (r = 0.40 and r = 0.45, P < 0.01), but not with E2 or other hormonal variables. In conclusion, our studies, together with previous in vitro findings, indicate that excess of circulating leptin may be an important contributor to the development of reduced androgens in male obesity.