gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Decrypting a Class of Stream Ciphers Using Ciphertext Only (1985)

Pseudonoise sequences generated by linear feedback shift registers [1] with some nonlinear combining function have been proposed [2]–[5] for cryptographic applications as running key generators in stream ciphers. In this correspondence it will be shown that the number of trials to break these ciphers can be significantly reduced by using correlation methods. By comparison of computer simulations and theoretical results based on a statistical model, the validity of this analysis is demonstrated. Rubin [6] has shown that it is computationally feasible to solve a cipher proposed by Pless [2] in a known plaintext attack, using as few as 15 characters. Here, the number of ciphertext symbols is determined to perform a ciphertext-only attack on the Pless cipher using the correlation attack. Our conclusion from the analysis is that the pseudonoise generator's output sequence and the sequences generated by the linear feedback shift registers should be uncorrelated. This leads to constraints for the nonlinear combining function to be used.
Accurate estimation in the ODFT domain of the frequency, phase and magnitude of stationary sinusoids (2002)

This paper addresses the extraction of parametric information in an audio coder that uses the MDCT filter bank. The computation of the filter bank is reformulated as a function of the odd-DFT, in order to allow the estimation of the frequency, the phase and the magnitude of stationary sinusoids. Closed expressions delivering accurate estimates are derived and explained, and their implementation and accuracy are illustrated in a Web page that includes a demonstration Matlab M-file (see http://www.inescn.pt//spl sim/ajf/waspaa01/accurate.html).
Solid-Phase Synthesis of 2-Aminothiazoles (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTSolid-Phase Synthesis of 2-AminothiazolesPatrick C. Kearney, Monica Fernandez, and John A. FlygareView Author Information Tularik Inc., Two Corporate Drive, South San Francisco, California 94080 Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1998, 63, 1, 196–200Publication Date (Web):January 9, 1998Publication History Received19 August 1997Published online9 January 1998Published inissue 1 January 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo971542ahttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo971542abrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1335Altmetric-Citations133LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Amines,Anions,Carbene compounds,Crystal cleavage,Organic polymers Get e-Alerts
Intestinal microbiota and the efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation in gastrointestinal disease. (2014)

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) refers to the infusion of a fecal suspension from a healthy person into the gastrointestinal (GI) tract of another person to cure a specific disease. FMT is by no means a new therapeutic modality, although it was only relatively recently that stool was shown to be a biologically active, complex mixture of living organisms with great therapeutic potential for recurrent Clostridium difficile infection and perhaps other GI and non-GI disorders. The published revelations about the human microbiome are bringing the strength of science to clinical observation and enhancing the understanding of not only disease but also how much of a person's daily function and health depends on the microorganisms living in intimate relationship with each cell in the body.
A Biomimetic Material with a High Bio-responsibility for Bone Reconstruction and Tissue Engineering (2010)

A biomimetic composite was prepared using type-I collagen as the matrix, and particles of sol-gel-derived bioactive glass (58S), hyaluronic acid and phosphatidylserine as additives. The material has an interconnected 3-D porous structure with a porosity > 85%. When incubated in simulated body fluid (SBF), the composite induced the formation of microcrystals of bone-like hydroxyapatite (HA), suggesting good bioactive properties. During the in vitro cell-culture experiment, MC3T3-E1 cells adhered to, migrated and spread on the surface of the porous composite. The material was employed to repair a 10-mm defect in a rabbit's radius. The composite was gradually degraded within 8 weeks and replaced by new bone. After 12 weeks, the bone marrow cavity was restored and the Haversian canal was noted from the histological observation. The biomimetic composite is a potential scaffold material for bone reconstruction and bone tissue engineering.
A New Diterpene Lactone, Rosmadial, from Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalisL.) (1983)

Journal Article A New Diterpene Lactone, Rosmadial, from Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) Get access Nobuji Nakatani, Nobuji Nakatani Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Science of Living Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku Osaka, 558, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Reiko Inatani Reiko Inatani Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Science of Living Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku Osaka, 558, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 47, Issue 2, 1 February 1983, Pages 353–358, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1983.10865620 Published: 01 February 1983 Article history Received: 09 August 1982 Published: 01 February 1983
In vitro establishment and characterization of two acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related lymphoma cell lines (BC-1 and BC-2) containing Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-like (KSHV) DNA sequences (1995)

Two unique DNA fragments were recently identified in over 90% of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related Kaposi's sarcoma tissues. Sequence analysis suggests that these fragments belong to a previously unidentified human herpesvirus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV). These fragments have also been identified in a subset of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas in human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients; specifically, in body cavity-based lymphomas (AIDS-BCBLs). We have established two cell lines derived from AIDS-BCBLs, BC-1 and BC-2, which retain the KSHV sequences, and have used them to further characterize this putative viral genome. In this report, we demonstrate that the KSHV sequences represent a portion of a much larger DNA molecule that is located predominantly in the nucleus of the infected cells. In situ hybridization of metaphase spreads made from both of these cell lines show these sequences in episomal structures. Their presence in the cells as large nuclear episomes supports previous sequence homology data suggesting that KSHV belongs to the herpesvirus family. These cell lines provide a continuous source of KSHV sequences. Thus, they represent an important tool for future studies of this recently described human herpesvirus that may be involved in the pathogenesis of Kaposi's sarcoma and some AIDS-related non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.
A comparative study of dairy whipping cream and palm oil‐based whipping cream in terms of FA composition and foam stability (2002)

Abstract Nondairy creams are more stable than dairy creams, especially in hot climates. This paper considers the reasons for this stability and which FA is most suitable for producing this effect in palm oil and palm kernel oil‐based whipping cream. The results show that an increase in unsaturated FA, particularly oleic acid, can produce a more stable foam in whipping cream. This study also shows that an increase in iodine value has a positive impact on the stability of foam in nondairy whipping cream as well. This study points out the advantages of a palm oil‐based whipping cream over commercial dairy whipping cream, particularly when the stability of the foam is important and the product is supposed to be consumed in hot weather.
Copper Self-Sputtering by Planar Magnetron (1994)

Aiming at filling up deep holes with metal, self-sputtering of copper is performed in a wide pressure range of 10 -2 Pa to 10 -4 Pa. The high target current of 7 A to 10 A for a 4-inch planar magnetron target is essential to perform the self-sputtering process wherein a very high deposition rate of about 4 µm/min at 60 mm from the target surface is obtained. The lifetime of the planar target is from 1 h to 2 h. A new type of target which has protuberances on the erosion centers is produced by trial and error, and achieved a lifetime of 4 h. Deep holes on Si wafers, 1.17 µm in depth and 0.4 µm or 0.6 µm in diameter, are examined, and verry good bottom coverage of nearly 100% is obtained.
Discovery of an Orally Bioavailable Small Molecule Inhibitor of Prosurvival B-Cell Lymphoma 2 Proteins (2008)

Overexpression of prosurvival proteins such as Bcl-2 and Bcl-X L has been correlated with tumorigenesis and resistance to chemotherapy, and thus, the development of antagonists of these proteins may provide a novel means for the treatment of cancer. We recently described the discovery of 1 (ABT-737), which binds Bcl-2, Bcl-X L, and Bcl-w with high affinity, shows robust antitumor activity in murine tumor xenograft models, but is not orally bioavailable. Herein, we report that targeted modifications at three key positions of 1 resulted in a 20-fold improvement in the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationship (PK/PD) between oral exposure (AUC) and in vitro efficacy in human tumor cell lines (EC 50). The resulting compound, 2 (ABT-263), is orally efficacious in an established xenograft model of human small cell lung cancer, inducing complete tumor regressions in all animals. Compound 2 is currently in multiple phase 1 clinical trials in patients with small cell lung cancer and hematological malignancies.
Cenozoic Deep-Sea Temperatures and Global Ice Volumes from Mg/Ca in Benthic Foraminiferal Calcite (2000)

A deep-sea temperature record for the past 50 million years has been produced from the magnesium/calcium ratio (Mg/Ca) in benthic foraminiferal calcite. The record is strikingly similar in form to the corresponding benthic oxygen isotope (delta(18)O) record and defines an overall cooling of about 12 degrees C in the deep oceans with four main cooling periods. Used in conjunction with the benthic delta(18)O record, the magnesium temperature record indicates that the first major accumulation of Antarctic ice occurred rapidly in the earliest Oligocene (34 million years ago) and was not accompanied by a decrease in deep-sea temperatures.
Efficiency improvement in charge pump circuits (1997)

Conventional charge pump circuits use a fixed switching frequency that leads to power efficiency degradation for loading less than the rated loading. This paper proposes a level shifter design that also functions as a frequency converter to automatically vary the switching frequency of a dual charge pump circuit according to the loading. The switching frequency is designed to be 25 kHz with 12 mA loading on both inverting and noninverting outputs. The switching frequency is automatically reduced when loading is lighter to improve the power efficiency. The frequency tuning range of this circuit is designed to be from 100 Hz to 25 kHz. A start-up circuit is included to ensure proper pumping action and avoid latch-up during power-up. A slow turn-on, fast turn-off driving scheme is used in the clock buffer to reduce power dissipation. The new dual charge pump circuit was fabricated in a 3-/spl mu/m p-well double-poly single-metal CMOS technology with breakdown voltage of 18 V, the die size is 4.7/spl times/4.5 mm/sup 2/. For comparison, a charge pump circuit with conventional level shifter and clock buffer was also fabricated. The measured results show that the new charge pump has two advantages: (1) the power dissipation of the charge pump is improved by a factor of 32 at no load and by 2% at rated loading of 500 /spl Omega/ and (2) the breakdown voltage requirement is reduced from 19.2 to 17 V.
Medroxyprogesterone acetate inhibits human pancreatic carcinoma cell growth by inducing apoptosis in association with Bcl‐2 phosphorylation (2000)

BACKGROUND A previous study found that medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) delayed the in vivo growth of three (AsPC-1, Capan-2, and MiaPaCa-2) of nine human pancreatic carcinoma cell lines transplanted into nude mice (Cancer 1995;75:1263–72). The current study was undertaken to evaluate the basis for this inhibitor. METHODS The estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PgR) status in nine human pancreatic carcinoma cell lines, AsPC-1, BxPC-3, Capan-1, Capan-2, Hs-700T, Hs-766T, MiaPaCa-2, PANC-1, and SUIT-2, was assessed using an enzyme immunoassay (EIA). The authors tested the growth inhibitory activity of MPA and the morphologic changes in these nine pancreatic carcinoma cell lines. Cell cycle progression and DNA fragmentation also were evaluated in these cell lines. Immunoblot analysis was used to determine bcl-2 expression and phosphorylation. RESULTS In the EIA assay, ER was detected in three cell lines (BxPC-3, Capan-2, and MiaPaCa-2), and PgR was also detected in three (AsPC-1, Capan-2, and MiaPaCa-2). Medroxyprogesterone acetate inhibited the growth of three cell lines (AsPC-1, Capan-2, and MiaPaCa-2) with IC50 values ranging from 2.3 × 10−7 to 6.1 × 10−7 M. In these three responsive cell lines, MPA caused cell detachment and decreased cell density. The nuclei of the MPA-treated cells were condensed and often fragmented. Cell cycle analysis of these three cell lines showed that MPA induced the appearance of a sub-G1 peak, which is characteristic of early apoptotic cells. DNA degradation assay after MPA treatment showed a typical DNA ladder pattern consistent with apoptosis. Immunoblot analysis of MPA-treated cells that overexpressed bcl-2 revealed a pattern consistent with bcl-2 phosphorylation. CONCLUSIONS Clinically attainable concentrations of MPA can inhibit the growth of some human pancreatic carcinoma cells in vitro by inducing apoptosis, probably through their PgR, in association with the phosphorylation of bcl-2. This agent may be useful for treating patients with pancreatic carcinoma. Cancer 2000;88:2000–9. © 2000 American Cancer Society.
Large deformation three-dimensional image registration in image-guided radiation therapy (2005)

In this paper, we present and validate a framework, based on deformable image registration, for automatic processing of serial three-dimensional CT images used in image-guided radiation therapy. A major assumption in deformable image registration has been that, if two images are being registered, every point of one image corresponds appropriately to some point in the other. For intra-treatment images of the prostate, however, this assumption is violated by the variable presence of bowel gas. The framework presented here explicitly extends previous deformable image registration algorithms to accommodate such regions in the image for which no correspondence exists. We show how to use our registration technique as a tool for organ segmentation, and present a statistical analysis of this segmentation method, validating it by comparison with multiple human raters. We also show how the deformable registration technique can be used to determine the dosimetric effect of a given plan in the presence of non-rigid tissue motion. In addition to dose accumulation, we describe a method for estimating the biological effects of tissue motion using a linear-quadratic model. This work is described in the context of a prostate treatment protocol, but it is of general applicability.
Medical Cyclotrons (1993)

Each day in Detroit and Seattle and a score of other cities around the world, dozens of cancer patients report for neutron treatments of tumors resistant to conventional photon-based radiation therapy. Few, if any, of these patients know that the healing radiations are being produced by a cyclotron operating in accord with basic principles first promulgated some 60 years ago in a journal, the Physical Review, which they also know nothing of. And Ernest Lawrence and Stanley Livingston, as they wrote their pioneering 1932 paper, spoke of the relevance and need for such a device in the study of the atomic nucleus, but at least in their earliest papers, no thought of a future benefit in the treatment of cancer is considered.
Gene expression systems : using nature for the art of expression (1999)

"Recombinant gene expression is the fastest growing area in the study of molecular biology. By the time the Human Genome Project is completed (about 2002), several thousand sequences will be known, but the purpose of the resultant expression products will remain a mystery. Gene discovery requires efficient expression systems for determining the structure and function of gene products. Gene Expression Systems covers a variety of promoters and host organisms that researchers can tailor to their specific needs."--BOOK JACKET.
Nucleophilic cleavage of 4,5-dihydro-3H-dinaphth[2,1-c:1',2'-e]azepinium quaternary salts. A convenient approach to new axially dissymmetric and axially asymmetric ligands (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNucleophilic cleavage of 4,5-dihydro-3H-dinaphth[2,1-c:1',2'-e]azepinium quaternary salts. A convenient approach to new axially dissymmetric and axially asymmetric ligandsIrena G. Stara, Ivo Stary, and Jiri ZavadaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 25, 6966–6969Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1992https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00051a053Request reuse permissionsArticle Views222Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (581 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
OFFgel‐based multidimensional LC‐MS/MS approach to the cataloguing of the human platelet proteome for an interactomic profile (2011)

The proteome of quiescent human platelets was analyzed by a shotgun proteomics approach consisting of enzymatic digestion, peptide separation based on isoelectric point by the use of OFFgel fractionation and, finally, RP nanoscale chromatography coupled to MS/MS detection (nano-LC-MS/MS). OFFgel fractionation in the first dimension was effective in providing an additional dimension of separation, orthogonal to RP nano-LC, thus generating an off-line multidimensional separation platform that proved to be robust and easy to set up. The analysis identified 1373 proteins with high confidence (false discovery rate<0.25%). The core set of 1373 human platelet proteins was investigated by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software from which ten canonical pathways and eight networks have been validated, to suggest that platelets behave either as inflammatory or immune cells, and plasma membrane and cytoskeleton proteins play a fundamental role in their function. Moreover, toxicity pathway in agreement with network analysis, supports the concept that platelet life span is governed by an apoptotic mechanism.
Functional and Structural Analysis of a Key Region of the Cell Wall Inhibitor Moenomycin (2010)

Moenomycin A (MmA) belongs to a family of natural products that inhibit peptidoglycan biosynthesis by binding to the peptidoglycan glycosyltransferases, the enzymes that make the glycan chains of peptidoglycan. MmA is remarkably potent, but its clinical utility has been hampered by poor physicochemical properties. Moenomycin contains three structurally distinct regions: a pentasaccharide, a phosphoglycerate, and a C25 isoprenyl (moenocinyl) lipid tail that gives the molecule its name. The phosphoglycerate moiety links the pentasaccharide to the moenocinyl chain. This moiety contains two negatively charged groups, a phosphoryl group and a carboxylate. Both the phosphoryl group and the carboxylate have previously been implicated in target binding but the role of the carboxylate has not been explored in detail. Here we report the synthesis of six MmA analogues designed to probe the importance of the phosphoglycerate. These analogues were evaluated for antibacterial and enzyme inhibitory activity; the specific contacts between the phosphoglycerate and the protein target were assessed by X-ray crystallography in conjunction with molecular modeling. Both the phosphoryl group and the carboxylate of the phosphoglycerate chain play roles in target binding. The negative charge of the carboxylate, and not its specific structure, appears to be the critical feature in binding since replacing it with a negatively charged acylsulfonamide group produces a more active compound than replacing it with the isosteric amide. Analysis of the ligand-protein contacts suggests that the carboxylate makes a critical contact with an invariant lysine in the active site. The reported work provides information and validated computational methods critical for the design of analogues based on moenomycin scaffolds.
Potential use of image analysis for the evaluation of cellular predicting factors for therapeutic response in breast cancers. (1997)

Today the data on the association of patient response to chemotherapy and molecular markers are only starting to accumulate. A larger database is needed for a more precise estimation of response probability in order to help physicians decide between treatment options.
Microbes Made to Order (2004)

A new breed of bioengineers aims to create microbes from off-the-shelf parts. The parts are coming, but will researchers be able to put them together?
Serotonergic dysfunction in depression associated with Parkinson's disease (1992)

A 55-year-old man presented with a 5-year history of Parkinson's disease and a 6-month history of major depression. The patient's depressive symptoms responded to treatment with fluvoxamine, a selective and potent serotonin reuptake inhibitor. Tryptophan depletion testing, which acutely lowers central serotonin levels, caused a brief exacerbation of the depressive illness, which resolved upon tryptophan repletion. Serotonergic dysfunction may be an etiologic factor in depression that occurs in Parkinson's disease.