gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vascular smooth muscle biglycan represents a highly conserved proteoglycan within the arterial wall. (1990)

Two overlapping cDNA clones containing sequences homologous to human bone biglycan were isolated from a rat vascular smooth muscle (VSM) cell cDNA library. Nucleotide sequence analysis demonstrated that these clones encoded the rat VSM biglycan complete core protein sequence. A high degree of genetic conservation was observed for biglycan since nucleotide sequence homology comparisons revealed an 88% homology occurring between rat and human biglycan cDNA coding regions. The deduced core protein for the secreted form of VSM biglycan was found to be composed of ten leucine-rich repeating units whose consensus sequence was similar to that present in human bone and bovine cartilage biglycans. Protein homology comparisons revealed that the mature rat VSM biglycan core protein was 97% homologous to both human bone and bovine cartilage biglycan core proteins. Most of the amino acid substitutions in the secreted form of rat VSM biglycan are of the conservative type thereby maintaining the hydrophobic property of this proteoglycan within the arterial wall. The highest frequency of amino acid substitutions occurring between rat, bovine and human biglycan core proteins was found to reside within a small hypervariable region located near the N-terminus of these proteoglycans. Rat VSM biglycan was found to contain dinucleotide repeat elements located in the 3' untranslated region of its mRNA which may influence the expression of this transcript. Biglycan mRNA levels were not found to vary significantly as a function of VSM cell density. However, biglycan transcript levels did vary significantly as a function of VSM cell growth state. Similar studies revealed that collagen, fibronectin, and laminin were able to influence biglycan mRNA levels in quiescent VSM cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
An IgM λ Antibody to Escherichia coli Produces False-Positive Results in Multiple Immunometric Assays (2000)

The patient produced a very restricted IgM lambda antibody response to the E. coli infection that had anti-immunoglobulin activity and caused falsely increased values in numerous immunometric assays. Microorganism-induced anti-immunoglobulin antibodies are discussed in the context of this patient.
Cross-Resistance of CD95- and Drug-Induced Apoptosis as a Consequence of Deficient Activation of Caspases (ICE/Ced-3 Proteases) (1997)

The cytotoxic effect of anticancer drugs has been shown to involve induction of apoptosis. We report here that tumor cells resistant to CD95 (APO-1/Fas) -mediated apoptosis were cross-resistant to apoptosis-induced by anticancer drugs. Apoptosis induced in tumor cells by cytarabine, doxorubicin, and methotrexate required the activation of ICE/Ced-3 proteases (caspases), similarly to the CD95 system. After drug treatment, a strong increase of caspase activity was found that preceded cell death. Drug-induced activation of caspases was also found in ex vivo-derived T-cell leukemia cells. Resistance to cell death was conferred by a peptide caspase inhibitor and CrmA, a poxvirus-derived serpin. The peptide inhibitor was effective even if added several hours after drug treatment, indicating a direct involvement of caspases in the execution and not in the trigger phase of drug action. Drug-induced apoptosis was also strongly inhibited by antisense approaches targeting caspase-1 and -3, indicating that several members of this protease family were involved. CD95-resistant cell lines that failed to activate caspases upon CD95 triggering were cross-resistant to drug-mediated apoptosis. Our data strongly support the concept that sensitivity for drug-induced cell death depends on intact apoptosis pathways leading to activation of caspases. The identification of defects in caspase activation may provide molecular targets to overcome drug resistance in tumor cells.
Mild to moderate reduction of a von Willebrand factor cleaving protease (ADAMTS-13) in pregnant women with HELLP microangiopathic syndrome. (2003)

Because none of the pregnant women diagnosed with HELLP syndrome had undetectable ADAMTS-13 levels in pregnancy-associated thrombotic microangiopathies, the finding of severe ADAMTS-13 deficiency would argue against a diagnosis of HELLP syndrome and for a diagnosis of TTP.
Time-varying periodic convolutional codes with low-density parity-check matrix (1999)

We present a class of convolutional codes defined by a low-density parity-check matrix and an iterative algorithm for decoding these codes. The performance of this decoding is close to the performance of turbo decoding. Our simulation shows that for the rate R=1/2 binary codes, the performance is substantially better than for ordinary convolutional codes with the same decoding complexity per information bit. As an example, we constructed convolutional codes with memory M=1025, 2049, and 4097 showing that we are about 1 dB from the capacity limit at a bit-error rate (BER) of 10/sup -5/ and a decoding complexity of the same magnitude as a Viterbi decoder for codes having memory M=10.
Intergenus cell fusion between L-form cells of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. (1983)

Intergenus cell fusion of prokaryotic bacteria was demonstrated for the first time; namely, fusion products doubly resistant to streptomycin and tetracycline were produced by polyethylene glycol treatment of a mixture of the streptomycin-resistant L-form of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and tetracycline-resistant L-form of Escherichia coli.
In Vitro and In Vivo Antagonism of a G Protein-Coupled Receptor (S1P3) with a Novel Blocking Monoclonal Antibody (2012)

We have developed the first-reported monoclonal antibody that selectively recognizes a lipid-activated GPCR and blocks functional activity. In addition to serving as a lead drug compound for the treatment of sepsis and breast cancer, it also provides proof of concept for the generation of novel GPCR-specific therapeutic antibodies.
Autoradiographic method for quantitation of radiolabeled proteins in tissues using indium-111. (1989)

A quantitative autoradiographic method was developed to measure 111In-labeled proteins in extravascular tissues with a spatial resolution sufficient to associate these proteins with tissue morphology. A linear relationship between measured grain density and isotope concentration was demonstrated with uniformly-labeled standard sources of epoxy-embedded gelatin containing [111In]albumin; half-distance of spatial resolution was 0.6 micron. The technique was illustrated by measuring 24-hr accumulation of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid-coupled 111In-labeled human polyclonal IgG and human serum albumin (HSA) in a thigh infection model in the rat. Gamma camera images localized the infection and showed target-to-background ratios of 2.5 +/- 0.3 for IgG and 1.4 +/- 0.02 for human serum albumin (mean +/- s.d., n = 3). Using quantitative autoradiography, significantly higher average tissue concentrations were found in the infected thighs at 4 to 4.5% of the initial plasma concentrations as compared to 0.2 to 0.3% of initial plasma concentrations in the noninfected thigh (p less than 0.05); these radiolabeled proteins were not inflammatory cell associated and localized primarily within the edematous interstitial spaces of the infection.
HeLa cells cocultured with peripheral blood lymphocytes acquire an immuno‐inhibitory phenotype through up‐regulation of indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase activity (2002)

The mechanisms by which tumour cells escape recognition by the immune system or subvert antitumour effector responses remain poorly understood. In the course of investigating the potential of costimulatory signals in anticancer immunotherapy strategies, we have observed that HeLa cells (a human cervical carcinoma cell line) cocultured with peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) acquire the capacity to inhibit PBL proliferation in response to interleukin-2 (IL-2). This immuno-inhibitory phenotype was further shown to result from induction of the tryptophan-catabolizing enzyme, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), by interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) secreted from cocultured allo-reactive PBL. This enzyme has recently been shown to be a critically important modulator of immunological responses, most notably through the capacity to protect allogeneic concepti from alloreactive maternal lymphocytes. While the cytostatic consequences of IDO activity in tumour cells has received attention, the data presented in this report support the hypothesis that IDO activity may also act to impair antitumour immune responses.
Fetal urinary tract abnormalities detected on maternal ultrasound (1984)

Twenty-one cases of fetal urinary tract abnormalities were detected on maternal ultrasound in a 5 year period. Six fetuses died and 13 of the 15 surviving cases have had corrective urological surgery, usually during the neonatal period. Maternal ultrasound provides advanced warning of major urinary tract abnormalities in the newborn. Therefore, appropriate investigations and medical management can be instituted early and potentially destructive urological lesions can be corrected as soon as possible. As yet, antenatal intervention does not seem to be warranted as the most common cause of bilateral upper tract dilatation in the surviving cases in this series was primary reflux, and in the cases that died the urinary abnormalities were not salvagable.
Turbidity Determination from Broadband Irradiance Measurements: A Detailed Multicoefficient Approach (1998)

A physically modeled method is presented to obtain accurate turbidity determinations from broadband direct irradiance measurements. The method uses parameterizations of various extinction processes affecting the transfer of shortwave radiation in a cloudless atmosphere. The integration over the shortwave solar spectrum is performed with a more realistic weighting function than is conventionally used. The calculation and properties of the broadband aerosol optical depth are discussed in detail as a function of the aerosol optical characteristics. The method is general, as it can predict any one of the four turbidity coefficients currently used in climatological studies as defined by Ångström, Linke, Unsworth-Monteith, and Schüepp. Formal interrelationships are proposed so that climatological data based on different coefficients can be consistently intercompared without recourse to empirical formulas. The new parameterizations are more detailed than those of the literature, particularly regarding the optical depth of the clean dry atmosphere that now depends explicitly on the stratospheric ozone and nitrogen dioxide amounts. This inevitably induces changes in the prediction of the broadband turbidity coefficients (Linke and Unsworth-Monteith), particularly at small zenith angles when compared to older calculations. These coefficients are also shown to depend on zenith angle and precipitable water, causing parasitic variations of turbidity during a day or the year even if the aerosol characteristics do not vary. The masking effect of tropospheric nitrogen dioxide is presented, as well as a method to correct the predicted turbidity for circumsolar radiation. A detailed error analysis is discussed, showing that the instrumental error and the estimation error on precipitable water are the main limiting factors of the method. Although smaller potential error is obtained at larger zenith angles, accurate estimates of precipitable water are necessary for valid turbidity predictions when applied to clean dry atmospheres. A limited test of the method is presented, using spectral radiative data from five different sites as the reference. The method performs well, provided that accurate precipitable water data can be obtained. In contrast, the older Louche's method is shown to produce unrealistic negative values under clean dry conditions. Monthly average turbidity over 3-4 years was also obtained from hourly irradiance at two sites with widely different aerosol regimes. Compared to the present results, Louche's method is found to overpredict the Unsworth-Monteith coefficient at both sites, while simultaneously underpredicting the Ångström coefficient at the clearest site.
Comparative genomics of metabolic pathways inMycobacteriumspecies: gene duplication, gene decay and lateral gene transfer (2006)

The genus Mycobacterium comprises significant pathogenic species that infect both humans and animals. One species within this genus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is the primary killer of humans resulting from bacterial infections. Five mycobacterial genomes belonging to four different species (M. tuberculosis, Mycobacterium bovis, Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis) have been sequenced to date and another 14 mycobacterial genomes are at various stages of completion. A comparative analysis of the gene products of key metabolic pathways revealed that the major differences among these species are in the gene products constituting the cell wall and the gene families encoding the acidic glycine-rich (PE/PPE/PGRS) proteins. Mycobacterium leprae has evolved by retaining a minimal gene set for most of the gene families, whereas M. avium ssp. paratuberculosis has acquired some of the virulence factors by lateral gene transfer.
A double blind randomised controlled clinical trial on the effect of transcutaneous spinal electroanalgesia (TSE) on low back pain (2007)

A double blind randomised controlled clinical trial on the effect of transcutaneous spinal electroanalgesia (TSE) on low back pain was carried out in 58 patients attending a Pain Management Unit. Four TSE instruments, two active and two sham, were used and each patient was assigned randomly to one of these. Low back pain was rated by each patient using a visual analogue scale (VAS) immediately before and immediately after a single 20 min treatment of TSE and also daily for the week prior to, and the week following, the treatment. No significant difference in mean pain score was detected between the active and sham treated groups immediately after treatment or during the subsequent week. The Hospital, Anxiety and Depression scale (HAD) and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) were completed by each patient and there was a positive correlation between the scores achieved on these scales and the mean pain scores in both the active and sham treated groups. A post-trial problem was the discovery that the specification of the two active TSE machines differed from the manufacturer's specification. Thus, the output frequencies were either more (+10%) or less (-17%) while the maximum output voltages were both less (-40% and -20%), respectively. However, additional statistical analysis revealed no significant differences between the results obtained with the two active machines.
Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase-10 at Invasive Front of Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Verrucous Carcinoma in the Oral Cavity (2015)

According to our study, MMP-10 protein can be important possible factor in the transformation of normal oral epithelium to OVC and OSCC, also the level of MMP-10 expression at invasion front of the lesions can be helpful in the differentiation of OVC and OSCC.
Dynamics of All-Fiber Self-Q-switched Ytterbium/Samarium Laser (2007)

We have explored self-Q-switched operation of the fiber laser comprising ytterbium and samarium fibers in the cavity. Regular pulses are attainable at any wavelength within the gain spectrum. Dynamics of pulsation involves polarization mode switching.
Enzyme I and HPr from Lactobacillus casei: their role in sugar transport, carbon catabolite repression and inducer exclusion (2000)

International audience
Variable Bioavailability of Oral Mercaptopurine (1983)

Induction therapy is now successful in producing a complete remission in more than 90 per cent of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.1 , 2 However, maintenance of remission remains a major problem, since a third of patients with a standard risk and approximately 80 per cent of patients with a high risk relapse despite periodic intensification of chemotherapy and continual maintenance chemotherapy.3 The daily administration of oral mercaptopurine forms the backbone of maintenance chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia; most treatment regimens also include weekly or biweekly administration of oral methotrexate. The rationale for giving mercaptopurine orally has been based on clinical studies . . .
Vaccinia virus recombinants expressing chimeric proteins of human immunodeficiency virus and gamma interferon are attenuated for nude mice. (1992)

We have developed a method for attenuating vaccinia virus recombinants by expressing a fusion protein of a lymphokine and an immunogen. Chimeric genes were constructed that coded for gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) and structural proteins of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). In this study, we describe the biological and immunological properties of vaccinia virus recombinants expressing chimeric genes of murine or human IFN-gamma with glycoprotein gp120, gag, and a fragment of gp41. All fusion proteins retained the antigenic characteristics of both IFN-gamma and HIV as shown by immunoblot analysis. However, the antiviral activity of IFN-gamma could be demonstrated only for the IFN-gamma-gag fusion protein. In contrast, the attenuating activity of IFN-gamma for nude mice was retained by all of the recombinants, albeit at various rates. Unlike the antiviral activity, the attenuating activity of IFN-gamma was not species specific. Implications for the development of attenuated live recombinant vaccines for AIDS are discussed.
Transvestibular retropubic bladder neck suspension. A pilot study. (1995)

A pilot study was conducted assessing the operative feasibility, complications and results of a retropubic bladder neck suspension performed through a transvestibular approach. This study extended from July 1, 1990, to June 30, 1991, and included patients who planned to undergo primary surgical correction of stress urinary incontinence. Through a transvestibular incision, a bladder neck suspension was performed by suturing the adjacent area of the vagina to the back of the pubic symphysis or the puborectalis muscle near the pubic bone. Ten women were entered into the study. There was one notable complication, a hematoma in the space of Retzius. One patient described worsening of her incontinence and underwent a Marshall-Marchetti-Krantz procedure three months postoperatively. The mean follow-up for the remaining nine patients was 27 months (range, 13-31). At this writing, 6 patients were completely continent, 1 was improved, and 2 had some degree of bladder instability with associated incontinence. Overall, the transvestibular procedure was thought to be technically difficult. Based on very limited data, the results of the study have discouraged our continued use of this procedure. The transvestibular approach may be applicable occasionally on selected patients.
Somatostatin Therapy in the Management of Resistant Diabetic Ketoacidosis (2002)

In the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes, not only insulin hormone deficiency but also inappropriate secretion of counterregulatory hormones are thought to play a part. From this point of view, inhibition of counterregulatory hormones should also be evaluated in the treatment of type 1 diabetes. The cyclic tetradecapeptide hormone somatostatin was first characterized as the major physiological inhibitor of growth hormone release from the pituitary, but it has subsequently been shown to inhibit the release of many other physiologically important compounds, including insulin, glucagon, gastrin, and secretin. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a complication of type 1 diabetes, and its management includes insulin, fluid, and electrolyte therapy. Alternative treatments have been investigated in unresponsive patients. As a inhibiting hormone of counterregulatory hormones, somatostatin may be used in the treatment of diabetic ketoacidotic coma. In this study, two diabetic ketoacidotic children who were unresponsive to standard insulin and fluid therapy are discussed; despite appropriate management of fluid and electrolytes, the patients’ blood glucose levels could not be lowered, and they had no clinical improvement. We tried somatostatin infusion therapy in both of these children.

The first patient is an 8-year-old girl who was admitted to our emergency room with a history of polyuria and polydipsia during the last week. She had deep and rapid breathing, loss of consciousness, and acidosis at the time of admission. There was no particular disease in …
Random MOSFET parameter fluctuation limits to gigascale integration (GSI) (2002)

Intrinsic fluctuations in threshold voltage, subthreshold swing and drain current of ultra-small-geometry MOSFET's due to random placement of dopant atoms in the channel are examined using novel physical models and a Monte-Carlo simulator. The characteristics of these intrinsic random device parameter fluctuations are shown to be strongly influenced, even without extrinsic channel length or oxide thickness variations, by the degree of DIBL in the target MOSFET. Limitations to level of integration in sub-0.1 /spl mu/m GSI technology are projected.
Java Virtual Machine Specification (1996)

Selenium deficiency causes increased hepatic synthesis and release of GSH into the blood. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of selenium deficiency on the disposition of plasma glutathione. Plasma glutathione concentration was 40 +/- 3.4 nmol GSH equivalents/ml in selenium-deficient rats and 17 +/- 5.4 nmol GSH equivalents/ml in control rats. The half-life and systemic clearance of plasma glutathione were found to be the same in selenium-deficient and control rats (t1/2 = 3.4 +/- 0.7 min). Because selenium-deficient plasma glutathione concentration was twice that of control, the determination that selenium deficiency did not affect glutathione plasma systemic clearance indicated that the flux of glutathione through the plasma was doubled by selenium deficiency. It has been proposed that the kidney is responsible for the removal of a major fraction of plasma glutathione. In these studies, renal clearance accounted for 24% of plasma systemic glutathione clearance in controls and 44% in selenium-deficient rats. This indicates that a significant amount of glutathione is metabolized at extrarenal sites, especially in control animals. More than half of the increased plasma glutathione produced in selenium deficiency was removed by the kidney. Thus, selenium deficiency results in a doubling of cysteine transport in the form of glutathione from the liver to the periphery as well as a doubling of plasma glutathione concentration.