gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Activated protein C decreases plasminogen activator-inhibitor activity in endothelial cell-conditioned medium (1985)

Confluent cultures of endothelial cells from human umbilical cord were used to study the effect of activated human protein C (APC) on the production of plasminogen activators, plasminogen activator-inhibitor, and factor VIII-related antigen. Addition of APC to the cells in a serum-free medium did not affect the production of tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) or factor VIII-related antigen; under all measured conditions, no urokinase activity was found. However, less plasminogen activator-inhibitor activity accumulated in the conditioned medium in the presence of APC. This decrease was dose dependent and could be prevented by specific anti-protein C antibodies. No decrease was observed with the zymogen protein C or with diisopropylfluorophosphate-inactivated APC. APC also decreased the t-PA inhibitor activity in endothelial cell-conditioned medium in the absence of cells, which suggests that the effect of APC is at least partly due to a direct effect of APC on the plasminogen activator-inhibitor. High concentrations of thrombin-but not of factor Xa or IXa--had a similar effect on the t-PA inhibitor activity. The effect of APC on the plasminogen activator-inhibitor provides a new mechanism by which APC may enhance fibrinolysis. The data suggest that activation of the coagulation system may lead to a secondary increase of the fibrinolytic activity by changing the balance between plasminogen activator(s) and its (their) fast-acting inhibitor.
Preparation and performance study of a new type of Tile transducer for roadway applications (2020)

In recent years, piezoelectric technology for recovery of road vibration energy has gained widespread attention. Most research in this field thus far has examined different piezoelectric materials and evaluated their feasibility in field tests, but less attention has been devoted to different transducer structures. In this study, a new type of Tile transducer was developed for roadway applications. The Tile transducer exhibited good vibration absorption effect and energy harvesting efficiency at low-frequency vibration. This study tested the Tile transducer under the supported boundary condition, and analyzed the influence of the curvature of the Tile transducer on the energy harvesting efficiency with regard to the electromechanical conversion performance and structural strength. When the excitation frequency was 10 Hz and load was 500 N, the total power of the Plane transducer was 0.59 mW. Under the same load condition, the total power of the Tile transducer was 15.44 mW, which was 26-fold higher than that of the Plane transducer. An ultimate compressive bearing capacity test and fatigue test of the Tile transducer were then carried out, and the fatigue failure mode was analyzed. The test results prove that the Tile transducer had stable and lasting structural performance.
Precision Landing Tests with Improved Integrity Beacon Pseudolites (1995)

Stanford’s Integrity Beacon Landing System uses
ground-based pseudo-satellite transmitters known as
Integrity Beacons to resolve carrier phase ambiguities on
final approach, giving IBLS both high integrity and
centimeter-level accuracy. This paper discusses two
improved Integrity Beacon designs and the results of
flight tests with these new beacons.
The original Integrity Beacons were not synchronized to
GPS time. The IBLS reference station was required to
measure the beacon carrier phase reference information
using a direct cable connection to each Integrity Beacon,
which proved inconvenient in practice. We therefore
constructed a pair of Autonomaus Integrity Beacons,
pseudolites whose transmitted signals are synchronized
to GPS satellite signals using the Omni-Marker principle
invented at Stanford. Flight tests using these beacons
showed that IBLS performance was maintained with the
reference station in a convenient location some six
kilometers from the beacons.
The original Integrity Beacons produced a short-range
“bubble” of usable signals. While this was sufficient to
demonstrate the IBLS concept, a longer-range beacon
would have additional applications. To this end, we
constructed an Autonomous Integrity Beacon with a
range of greater than four kilometers, using a pulsing
scheme similar to that recommended by RTCM-104 to
alleviate the near/far problem. Flight tests showed that
this long-range beacon provided useful information to
IBLS everywhere within its expanded bubble, without
blocking satellite reception by IBLS or conventional
GPS receivers.
Amino acid sequence of the calcium-dependent photoprotein aequorin (1985)

The Ca(II)-dependent photoprotein aequorin produces the luminescence of the marine coelenterate Aequorea victoria. The complete amino acid sequence of aequorin has been determined. A complete set of nonoverlapping peptides was produced by cyanogen bromide cleavage. These peptides were aligned by using the amino-terminal sequence of the intact protein and the sequences of selected arginyl and lysyl cleavage products. Although the aequorin preparations employed in these studies were homogeneous by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the presence of a minimum of 3 isotypes was demonstrated by the location of 17 sites of sequence microheterogeneity. Two amino acid variants were observed at each of 16 positions while 1 position had 3 different replacements. The protein as isolated has 189 amino acids with an unblocked amino terminus. According to the sequence reported here, the molecular weight of the apoprotein is 21 459 while that of the holoprotein is 21 914. The molecule possesses three internally homologous domains which were judged to be EF-hand Ca(II) binding domains by several different criteria. Aequorin is homologous to troponin C and to calmodulin. These findings demonstrate that aequorin is a member of the Ca(II) binding protein superfamily.
Implications of various phosphoenolpyruvate-carbohydrate phosphotransferase system mutations on glycerol utilization and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) accumulation in Ralstonia eutropha H16 (2011)

The enhanced global biodiesel production is also yielding increased quantities of glycerol as main coproduct. An effective application of glycerol, for example, as low-cost substrate for microbial growth in industrial fermentation processes to specific products will reduce the production costs for biodiesel. Our study focuses on the utilization of glycerol as a cheap carbon source during cultivation of the thermoplastic producing bacterium Ralstonia eutropha H16, and on the investigation of carbohydrate transport proteins involved herein. Seven open reading frames were identified in the genome of strain H16 to encode for putative proteins of the phosphoenolpyruvate-carbohydrate phosphotransferase system (PEP-PTS). Although the core components of PEP-PTS, enzyme I (ptsI) and histidine phosphocarrier protein (ptsH), are available in strain H16, a complete PTS-mediated carbohydrate transport is lacking. Growth experiments employing several PEP-PTS mutants indicate that the putative ptsMHI operon, comprising ptsM (a fructose-specific EIIA component of PTS), ptsH, and ptsI, is responsible for limited cell growth and reduced PHB accumulation (53%, w/w, less PHB than the wild type) of this strain in media containing glycerol as a sole carbon source. Otherwise, the deletion of gene H16_A0384 (ptsN, nitrogen regulatory EIIA component of PTS) seemed to largely compensate the effect of the deleted ptsMHI operon (49%, w/w, PHB). The involvement of the PTS homologous proteins on the utilization of the non-PTS sugar alcohol glycerol and its effect on cell growth as well as PHB and carbon metabolism of R. eutropha will be discussed.
Synthesis of bioactive protein hydrogels by genetically encoded SpyTag-SpyCatcher chemistry (2014)

Protein-based hydrogels have emerged as promising alternatives to synthetic hydrogels for biomedical applications, owing to the precise control of structure and function enabled by protein engineering. Nevertheless, strategies for assembling 3D molecular networks that carry the biological information encoded in full-length proteins remain underdeveloped. Here we present a robust protein gelation strategy based on a pair of genetically encoded reactive partners, SpyTag and SpyCatcher, that spontaneously form covalent isopeptide linkages under physiological conditions. The resulting "network of Spies" may be designed to include cell-adhesion ligands, matrix metalloproteinase-1 cleavage sites, and full-length globular proteins [mCherry and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF)]. The LIF network was used to encapsulate mouse embryonic stem cells; the encapsulated cells remained pluripotent in the absence of added LIF. These results illustrate a versatile strategy for the creation of information-rich biomaterials.
The gastrointestinal ecosystem: a precarious alliance among epithelium, immunity and microbiota. Microreview (2001)

The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a complex ecosystem generated by the alliance of GI epithelium, immune cells and resident microbiota. The three components of the GI ecosystem have co-evolved such that each relies on the presence of the other two components to achieve its normal function and activity. Experimental systems such as cell culture, germ-free animal models and intestinal isografts have demonstrated that each member of the GI ecosystem can follow a predetermined developmental pathway, even if isolated from the other components of the ecosystem. However, the presence of all three components is required for full physiological function. Genetic or functional alterations of any one component of this ecosystem can result in a broken alliance and subsequent GI pathology. A more detailed understanding of the interactions among microbiota, GI epithelium and the immune system should provide insight into multiple human disease states.
Advances in the design of Jaumann absorbers (1990)

The authors consider electric screens with the material spacers assumed homogeneous, nonmagnetic, lossless, commensurate, and isotropic. Normal incidence is assumed. Such an N-layered structure may be modeled as a transmission line network. The unknowns are the N spacer characteristic impedances and the N sheet surface resistivities. All are normalized by the free-space impedance. The maximally flat solution of Fante and McCormack (1988) is extended to any number of layers, with proven solvability up to 20 layers. An equiripple solution, which, for a given number of layers and specified maximum reflection coefficient, exhibits a wider bandwidth than the corresponding maximally flat solution, is described. The sheet resistivity spread is also much narrower, thus increasing realizability.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
mosR , a Novel Transcriptional Regulator of Hypoxia and Virulence in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (2009)

Latent tuberculosis represents a high-risk burden for one-third of the world population. Previous analysis of murine tuberculosis identified a novel transcriptional regulator encoded by Rv0348 that could control the establishment of persistent tuberculosis. Disruption of the Rv0348 gene from the genome of the virulent H37Rv strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis revealed a global impact on the transcriptional profiles of 163 genes, including induction of the mammalian cell entry (mce1) operon and the repression of a significant number of genes involved in hypoxia and starvation responses. Nonetheless, gel shift assays did not reveal direct binding between Rv0348 and a set of regulated promoters, suggesting an indirect regulatory role. However, when expressed in Mycobacterium smegmatis, the Rv0348 transcripts were significantly responsive to different levels of hypoxia and the encoded protein was shown to regulate genes involved in hypoxia [e.g., Rv3130c (tgs1)] and intracellular survival (e.g., mce1), among other genes. Interestingly, the colonization level of the DeltamosR mutant strain was significantly lower than that of the wild-type strain of M. tuberculosis, suggesting its attenuation in the murine model of tuberculosis. Taken together, our analyses indicated that the Rv0348 gene encodes a novel transcriptional factor that regulates several operons involved in mycobacterial survival, especially during hypoxia; hence, we propose that Rv0348 be renamed mosR for regulator of mycobacterial operons of survival.
cIAPs Block Ripoptosome Formation, a RIP1/Caspase-8 Containing Intracellular Cell Death Complex Differentially Regulated by cFLIP Isoforms (2011)

The intracellular regulation of cell death pathways by cIAPs has been enigmatic. Here we show that loss of cIAPs promotes the spontaneous formation of an intracellular platform that activates either apoptosis or necroptosis. This 2 MDa intracellular complex that we designate "Ripoptosome" is necessary but not sufficient for cell death. It contains RIP1, FADD, caspase-8, caspase-10, and caspase inhibitor cFLIP isoforms. cFLIP(L) prevents Ripoptosome formation, whereas, intriguingly, cFLIP(S) promotes Ripoptosome assembly. When cIAPs are absent, caspase activity is the "rheostat" that is controlled by cFLIP isoforms in the Ripoptosome and decides if cell death occurs by RIP3-dependent necroptosis or caspase-dependent apoptosis. RIP1 is the core component of the complex. As exemplified by our studies for TLR3 activation, our data argue that the Ripoptosome critically influences the outcome of membrane-bound receptor triggering. The differential quality of cell death mediated by the Ripoptosome may cause important pathophysiological consequences during inflammatory responses.
PCR-Based Assay for Differentiation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from Other Pseudomonas Species Recovered from Cystic Fibrosis Patients (2004)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the major opportunistic bacterial pathogen in persons with cystic fibrosis (CF); pulmonary infection occurs in approximately 80% of adult CF patients. Much of CF patient management depends on accurate identification of P. aeruginosa from sputum culture. However, identification of this species may be problematic due to the marked phenotypic variability demonstrated by CF sputum isolates and the presence of other closely related species. To facilitate species identification, we used 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequence data to design PCR assays intended to provide genus- or species-level identification. Both assays yielded DNA fragments of the predicted size. We tested 42 culture collection strains (including 14 P. aeruginosa strains and 28 strains representing 16 other closely related Pseudomonas species) and 43 strains that had been previously identified as belonging to 28 nonpseudomonal species also recovered from CF patient sputum. Based on these 85 strains, the specificity and sensitivity of both assays were 100%. To further assess the utility of the PCR assays, we tested 66 recent CF sputum isolates. The results indicated that preliminary phenotypic testing had misidentified several isolates. The 16S rDNA sequence was determined for 38 isolates, and in all cases it confirmed the results of the PCR assays. Thus, we have designed two PCR assays: one is specific for the genus Pseudomonas, while the other is specific for P. aeruginosa. Both assays show 100% sensitivity and specificity.
Ribavirin Antagonizes the In Vitro Anti-Hepatitis C Virus Activity of 2′- C -Methylcytidine, the Active Component of Valopicitabine (2006)

Ribavirin antagonizes the in vitro anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) activity of the pyrimidine nucleoside analogue 2'-C-methylcytidine, the active component of the experimental anti-HCV drug valopicitabine. In contrast, the combination of ribavirin with either the purine nucleoside analogue 2'-C-methyladenosine or the HCV protease inhibitor VX-950 resulted in an additive antiviral activity. These findings may have implications when planning clinical studies with valopicitabine.
Family 4 Glycosidases Carry Out Efficient Hydrolysis of Thioglycosides by an α,β‐Elimination Mechanism (2006)

Thioglycoside werden weithin als kompetitive Inhibitoren von Glycosidasen eingesetzt. Nun wurde mit BglT, einer 6-Phospho-β-glucosidase aus der Glucosidase-Familie 4, die erste Glycosidase entdeckt, die nichtaktivierte Thioglycoside hydrolysiert. Die effiziente Spaltung der Thioglycosid-Bindung beruht auf dem α,β-Eliminierungsmechanismus der GH4-Enzyme, der sich von den nucleophilen Verdrängungsmechanismen „klassischer“ Glycosidasen unterscheidet.
Pseudomonas syringae Hrp type III secretion system and effector proteins (2000)

Pseudomonas syringae is a member of an important group of Gram-negative bacterial pathogens of plants and animals that depend on a type III secretion system to inject virulence effector proteins into host cells. In P. syringae, hrp/hrc genes encode the Hrp (type III secretion) system, and avirulence (avr) and Hrp-dependent outer protein (hop) genes encode effector proteins. The hrp/hrc genes of P. syringae pv syringae 61, P. syringae pv syringae B728a, and P. syringae pv tomato DC3000 are flanked by an exchangeable effector locus and a conserved effector locus in a tripartite mosaic Hrp pathogenicity island (Pai) that is linked to a tRNA(Leu) gene found also in Pseudomonas aeruginosa but without linkage to Hrp system genes. Cosmid pHIR11 carries a portion of the strain 61 Hrp pathogenicity island that is sufficient to direct Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas fluorescens to inject HopPsyA into tobacco cells, thereby eliciting a hypersensitive response normally triggered only by plant pathogens. Large deletions in strain DC3000 revealed that the conserved effector locus is essential for pathogenicity but the exchangeable effector locus has only a minor role in growth in tomato. P. syringae secretes HopPsyA and AvrPto in culture in a Hrp-dependent manner at pH and temperature conditions associated with pathogenesis. AvrPto is also secreted by Yersinia enterocolitica. The secretion of AvrPto depends on the first 15 codons, which are also sufficient to direct the secretion of an Npt reporter from Y. enterocolitica, indicating that a universal targeting signal is recognized by the type III secretion systems of both plant and animal pathogens.
Photochemistry of phosphate esters (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotochemistry of phosphate estersRichard S. Givens and L. William. KueperCite this: Chem. Rev. 1993, 93, 1, 55–66Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr00017a004https://doi.org/10.1021/cr00017a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1266Altmetric-Citations122LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Stabilized polymeric nanoparticles for controlled and efficient release of bifenthrin (2008)

Flash NanoPrecipitation using an MIVM provides a cost-effective process to produce stable pesticide nanoparticle suspensions. Nanoparticle size depends on supersaturation, pesticide loading and type of polymer. Nanoparticle pesticides potentially provide higher efficiency, better uniformity of coverage for highly active compounds and less exposure to workers, relative to compounds solubilized in organic solvents.
Presence of labeled monocytes, macrophages and microglia in a stab wound of the brain following an injection of bone marrow cells labeled with 3H‐uridine into rats (1977)

Abstract To clarify the origin of the cells appearing in a stab wound of the parietal cortex, bone marrow cells from inbred Lewis rats were labeled in vitro with 3 H‐uridine and injected intravenously into 36 rats of the same strain Just before or after the brain had been stabbed. The animals were sacrificed from 1 to 15 days after the injection of labeled cells. The cells in the wound were examined and the percentage of the various types recorded. Radioautographs were prepared of the wound and the surrounding neuropil, as well as of the corresponding region on the intact side; and they were searched for labeled cells. One day after the stabbing, the wound consisted of a central region containing fluid and red blood cells, and a marginal region of disorganized nervous tissue including granulocytes, monocytes and macrophages. Around the wound, the neuropil appeared normal, except for the perivascular areas appearing more cellular and distended than normally. During the next few days, the granulocytes and monocytes gradually disappeared from the wound. Meanwhile, the macrophages, which initially often showed monocytic features, became increasingly numerous. However, after the seventh day, the macrophages decreased in number, while many small cells appeared in the wound. These displayed a scanty basophilic cytoplasm rich in phagosomes and a nucleus with dense chromatin clumps similar to that seen in microglia A search of the radioautographs revealed no labeled cell on the intact side, but 220 labeled cells on the injured side. Most of these cells were within the wound itself, and a few in the surrounding neuropil. Within the wound, labeled granulocytes and monocytes were common one day after injection, but disappeared after the first three days. Few labeled macrophages were observed at one day but many at three days; none were labeled after the seventh day, however, possibly due to turnover and loss of the 3 H‐uridine labeled RNA. In the neuropil surrounding the wound, a few labeled cells identified as microglia were observed during the first three days after injection. They were located in perivascular areas, in satellite position to neurons and within the nearby subependymal layer It is concluded that, under the influence of a stab wound, blood cells of bone marrow origin enter the wound and the surrounding neuropil. The presence of macrophages with monocytic features within the wound indicates that the monocytes transform into macrophages. The small cells displaying phagosomes and a microglia‐like nucleus, which become numerous after the seventh day, are tentatively interpreted as intermediates in the transformation of the monocytederived macrophages into microglia. Finally, the early labeled cells identified as microglia in the surrounding neuropil are interpreted as a direct transformation of monocytes into microglia.
The case for cooperation in managing and maintaining the end of poliomyelitis: stockpile needs and coordinated OPV cessation. (2008)

This article makes the strong case for global cooperation on risk management and suggests that even though individual countries may perceive their own risks as small, risks at the global level warrant cooperative action and coordination of OPV cessation.