gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analysis of genetic mosaics in developing and adult Drosophila tissues (1993)

We have constructed a series of strains to facilitate the generation and analysis of clones of genetically distinct cells in developing and adult tissues of Drosophila. Each of these strains carries an FRT element, the target for the yeast FLP recombinase, near the base of a major chromosome arm, as well as a gratuitous cell-autonomous marker. Novel markers that carry epitope tags and that are localized to either the cell nucleus or cell membrane have been generated. As a demonstration of how these strains can be used to study a particular gene, we have analyzed the developmental role of the Drosophila EGF receptor homolog. Moreover, we have shown that these strains can be utilized to identify new mutations in mosaic animals in an efficient and unbiased way, thereby providing an unprecedented opportunity to perform systematic genetic screens for mutations affecting many biological processes.
Cancer immunotherapy with interleukin 12 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-encapsulated microspheres: coinduction of innate and adaptive antitumor immunity and cure of disseminated disease. (2002)

Tumor cells, injected s.c., were maintained until spontaneous metastases to the lungs were established in all of the mice. Mice were then treated with a single dose of cytokine-encapsulated biodegradable microspheres injected directly into primary s.c. tumors to achieve a local and sustained release of interleukin 12 (IL-12), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), or a combination of these cytokines to the tumor microenvironment. The s.c. tumors were surgically excised 6 days after microsphere injections, and the mice were monitored for recurrence of the primary tumor, survival, and progression of metastatic disease. Combined neoadjuvant treatment with IL-12 and GM-CSF microspheres was superior to all other treatments in reducing the recurrence of primary tumors, enhancing postoperative survival, and suppressing established metastatic disease. Long-term survival analysis demonstrated that intratumoral injection of IL-12 + GM-CSF-loaded microspheres resulted in the complete cure of disseminated disease in the majority of the animals. The addition of systemic low-dose IL-2 therapy to the treatment protocol resulted in the loss of the antitumor activity induced by IL-12 + GM-CSF treatment. In vivo lymphocyte subset depletions established that both T- and natural killer-cell subsets were required for the suppression of primary and metastatic tumors. Long-term, tumor-specific T-cell activity was demonstrated by immunohistochemical analysis of metastatic lesions, IFN-gamma enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISPOT) assays and tumor challenge studies. These results establish that neoadjuvant in situ tumor immunotherapy with IL-12 + GM-CSF microspheres induces both innate and adaptive antitumor immune responses resulting in the eradication of disseminated disease.
Copper(I)-activated addition of Grignard reagents to nitriles. Synthesis of ketimines, ketones, and amines (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCopper(I)-activated addition of Grignard reagents to nitriles. Synthesis of ketimines, ketones, and aminesFranz J. Weiberth and Stan S. HallCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1987, 52, 17, 3901–3904Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00226a033https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00226a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views4023Altmetric-Citations100LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Synthesis, Structure, and Modeling of a Cyclic Rhodium(III) Porphyrin Dimer with an Encapsulated 4,4‘-Bipyridine Ligand (1999)

The synthesis and characterization of a butadiyne linked Rh(III) porphyrin dimer containing a 4,4‘-bipyridine ligand are presented. The crystal structure is compared to the crystal structures of complexes of a monomeric Rh porphyrin with 4,4‘-bipyridine and pyridine, and with the results of molecular modeling.
Development of automated paper-based devices for sequential multistep sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays using inkjet printing (2012)

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on paper-based devices for automating the sequential multistep procedures of a sandwich-type enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) that require only a single-step application of the sample solution. The device was based on a piece of nitrocellulose (NC) membrane with specially designed channels, where all the reagents are applied at different locations in order to control the fluid travel to the detection region. The inkjet printing method, a simple and low-cost process, was used to create the flow channel and device barrier patterns. The fabricated barrier was found to be an efficient boundary for the liquid along the printed design in the NC membrane, enabling direct control of the reagent flow time. ELISA results were obtained with a single-step sample application. The developed devices (so-called automated paper-based devices) provided a simple procedure for the sandwich ELISA, while reducing assay time and reagent consumption. Colorimetric results were measured using digital camera imaging with software processing. The capability of the method developed herein was successfully used to determine the levels of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) by ELISA.
Discovery and Verification of Head-and-neck Cancer Biomarkers by Differential Protein Expression Analysis Using iTRAQ Labeling, Multidimensional Liquid Chromatography, and Tandem Mass Spectrometry (2008)

Multidimensional LC-MS/MS has been used for the analysis of biological samples labeled with isobaric mass tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) to identify proteins that are differentially expressed in human head-and-neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) in relation to non-cancerous head-and-neck tissues (controls) for cancer biomarker discovery. Fifteen individual samples (cancer and non-cancerous tissues) were compared against a pooled non-cancerous control (prepared by pooling equal amounts of proteins from six non-cancerous tissues) in five sets by on-line and off-line separation. We identified 811 non-redundant proteins in HNSCCs, including structural proteins, signaling components, enzymes, receptors, transcription factors, and chaperones. A panel of proteins showing consistent differential expression in HNSCC relative to the non-cancerous controls was discovered. Some of the proteins include stratifin (14-3-3sigma); YWHAZ (14-3-3zeta); three calcium-binding proteins of the S100 family, S100-A2, S100-A7 (psoriasin), and S100-A11 (calgizarrin); prothymosin alpha (PTHA); L-lactate dehydrogenase A chain; glutathione S-transferase Pi; APC-binding protein EB1; and fascin. Peroxiredoxin2, carbonic anhydrase I, flavin reductase, histone H3, and polybromo-1D (BAF180) were underexpressed in HNSCCs. A panel of the three best performing biomarkers, YWHAZ, stratifin, and S100-A7, achieved a sensitivity of 0.92 and a specificity of 0.91 in discriminating cancerous from non-cancerous head-and-neck tissues. Verification of differential expression of YWHAZ, stratifin, and S100-A7 proteins in clinical samples of HNSCCs and paired and non-paired non-cancerous tissues by immunohistochemistry, immunoblotting, and RT-PCR confirmed their overexpression in head-and-neck cancer. Verification of YWHAZ, stratifin, and S100-A7 in an independent set of HNSCCs achieved a sensitivity of 0.92 and a specificity of 0.87 in discriminating cancerous from non-cancerous head-and-neck tissues, thereby confirming their overexpressions and utility as credible cancer biomarkers.
Distributed Prioritized Experience Replay (2018)

We propose a distributed architecture for deep reinforcement learning at scale, that enables agents to learn effectively from orders of magnitude more data than previously possible. The algorithm decouples acting from learning: the actors interact with their own instances of the environment by selecting actions according to a shared neural network, and accumulate the resulting experience in a shared experience replay memory; the learner replays samples of experience and updates the neural network. The architecture relies on prioritized experience replay to focus only on the most significant data generated by the actors. Our architecture substantially improves the state of the art on the Arcade Learning Environment, achieving better final performance in a fraction of the wall-clock training time.
Evidence Based Psychosocial Practices and Recovery from Schizophrenia (2008)

Pessimistic views about the course and outcome of schizophrenia have been replaced by a more optimistic approach that places emphasis on providing services in the community that foster functional recovery. The concept of recovery implies emphasis on the importance of providing access to treatments and community services that assist individuals to lead maximally productive and personally meaningful lives. Research conducted by the World Health Organization on the course and outcome of schizophrenia contributed to growing recognition of the importance of community based psychosocial therapy and rehabilitation programs in improving prospects for recovery. The Schizophrenia Patient Outcomes Research Team (PORT) recently published an updated consensus list of twenty evidence-based practices (EBPs) that includes six psychosocial treatments. The PORT psychosocial EBPs are summarized in this paper, and factors that impact program effectiveness are discussed. These factors include stigma, and variations in the quality and integrity of implementation of programs. The PORT recommendations are an excellent foundation on which to build future innovation and research on psychosocial approaches to improve opportunities for recovery of individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia.
Akt-induced promotion of cell-cycle progression at G2/M phase involves upregulation of NF-Y binding activity in PC12 cells (2005)

Akt is a key downstream effector of the PI3K signaling pathway and plays a role in cell growth and survival. Expression of a myristoylated constitutively active form of Akt (myr-Akt) in PC12 cells could override cell-growth arrest at G2/M phase and apoptosis that were induced by etoposide treatment. On the other hand, inactivation of Akt by expression of its dominant negative mutant form (km-Akt) inhibited cell proliferation by arresting the cells at G2/M phase. Expression of myr-Akt also led to an increase in the protein and mRNA levels of CDK1 and cyclin B1. Furthermore, EMSA data revealed that expression of myr-Akt promoted the binding of NF-Y to the consensus CCAAT promoter sequence, whereas expression of km-Akt almost completely abolished it. Moreover, the Akt activity was minimal in the cells that were arrested at G2/M phase by nocodazole treatment, but reached to a maximal level as the cells progressed to mitosis and G1 phase upon removal of the drug. Treatment with Akt inhibitors, but not with those of MEK or p70S6K, blocked the release of the cells from the nocodazole-induced G2/M arrest, further revealing that the Akt activity is required for G2/M phase transition. These results suggest that Akt facilitate cell-cycle progression at G2/M phase in PC12 cells and this Akt activity is correlated with upregulation of NF-Y DNA-binding activity and cyclin B1/CDK1 gene expression.
Development of drowsy driving accident prediction by heart rate variability analysis (2014)

Drowsy driving accidents can be prevented if it can be predicted in advance. The present work aims to develop a new method for predicting a drowsy driving accident based on the fact that the autonomie nervous function affects heart rate variability (HRV), which is the fluctuation of the RR interval (RRI) obtained from an electrocardiogram (ECG). The proposed method uses HRV features derived through HRV analysis as input variables of multivariate statistical process control (MSPC), which is a well-known anomaly detection method in process control. Driving simulator experiments demonstrated that driver drowsiness was successfully predicted seven out of eight cases before drowsy driving accidents occur.
Current understanding of neuroinflammation after traumatic brain injury and cell-based therapeutic opportunities (2018)

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a major cause of death and disability worldwide. Increasing evidence indicates that TBI is an important risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Despite improved supportive and rehabilitative care of TBI patients, unfortunately, all late phase clinical trials in TBI have yet to yield a safe and effective neuroprotective treatment. The disappointing clinical trials may be attributed to variability in treatment approaches and heterogeneity of the population of TBI patients as well as a race against time to prevent or reduce inexorable cell death. TBI is not just an acute event but a chronic disease. Among many mechanisms involved in secondary injury after TBI, emerging preclinical studies indicate that posttraumatic prolonged and progressive neuroinflammation is associated with neurodegeneration which may be treatable long after the initiating brain injury. This review provides an overview of recent understanding of neuroinflammation in TBI and preclinical cell-based therapies that target neuroinflammation and promote functional recovery after TBI.
PP.07.32 (2015)

Objective: Hypertension control rate was only less than 30% in Taiwan on early 2000. Two-third of them are prescribed with two or more antihypertensive agents. Improvement of compliance of the medication is expected to raise the hypertension control rate. Amolodipine and valsartan are mostly prescribed blood pressure (BP) lowering agents in Taiwan. Thus we conducted an observational study to evaluate the effectiveness of amlodipine 5 mg/valsartan 80 mg (Aml/Val) combination in Taiwanese hypertensive patients. Design and method: The patients with essential hypertension (diastolic BP (DBP) between 90mmHg and 110 mmHg and/or systolic BP (SBP) between 140 mmHg and 180 mmHg) whose BP is not adequately controlled with antihypertensive monotherapy were enrolled for the treatment of Aml/Val for 6 weeks. Results: A significant mean reduction in SBP/DBP from baseline was achieved after 6 weeks of Aml/Val treatment (−23.2/−12.2 mmHg; P < 0.001).Ninety-three percent of patients had their SBP or DBP controlled (less than140 or 90 mmHg, respectively) at the end of study. For strict BP control (SBP less than140mmHg and DBP less than 90 mmHg), the achievement rate was 75%. Average SBP and DBP reduction among diabetes patients were −20.3 ± 11.8 mmHg and −8.1 ± 7.8 mmHg, respectively. For those patients with prior antihypertensive treatment for at least 4 weeks, the reduction in SBP and DBP were 19.0mmHg and 11.6 mmHg, respectively. SBP/DBP was greatly reduced by 31.9/15.5 mmHg in those patients without regularly prior treatment. Among them, mean SBP reduction of 34.8mmHg was presented in subjects who achieved BP goal. Single-pill combination of Aml/Val was well tolerated in the study patients. The adverse events(AEs) were reported in 13.9 % of participants. The majority of AEs were reported as mild or moderate in severity. Conclusions: This study showed that single-pill combination of Aml/Val resulted in clinically and statistically significant additional BP reduction in Taiwanese hypertensive patients inadequately controlled with antihypertensive monotherapy. The safety profile and patient's tolerability is also documented. Moreover, use of Aml/Val has been shown to significantly lower total health care costs compared with free Aml/Val combination therapy.
Characterization of the complementary deoxyribonucleic acid and gene coding for human prothrombin (1983)

The DNA sequences of a complementary deoxyribonucleic acid (cDNA) and a portion of the gene coding for human prothrombin have been determined. The cDNA was 2005 base pairs in length and was found to code for part of a leader sequence of 36 amino acids, 579 amino acids present in the mature protein, a stop codon, a noncoding region of 97 base pairs, and a poly(A) tail of 27 base pairs. It is proposed that the leader sequence consists of a signal sequence and a pro sequence for the mature protein that circulates in plasma. The 10 glutamic acid residues that are present in the amino-terminal region of prothrombin and are converted to gamma-carboxyglutamic acid in the mature protein are coded by only the GAG codon. The cDNA for prothrombin was also employed as a probe for screening a human fetal liver genomic DNA library. One of the strongly positive phage containing a human DNA insert of 5 kilobases was mapped with restriction endonucleases and sequenced. This DNA contained approximately half of the gene for human prothrombin and included six introns and five exons coding for amino acid residues 144-448. The two largest intervening sequences in the genomic DNA contained two copies each of AluI repetitive DNA.
Growth and Health of Holstein Calves Fed Milk Replacers Supplemented with Antibiotics or Enteroguard (2002)

Forty-five Holstein calves were fed milk replacers containing either antibiotics [MRA (oxytetracycline at 138 mg/kg and neomycin at 276 mg/kg), n = 22)] or Enteroguard [MRE, a blend of fructooligosaccharides, allicin, and gut-active microbes at (129 mg/kg, n = 23)] from birth to 5 wk of age to compare effects on average daily gain and on incidence of scours. Performance was evaluated by measuring weight gain, feed efficiency, and fecal scores. The overall body weight gains and severity of scours were not different between treatments, nor were there differences in starter intake or mean body weight gain. During wk 2, the average gain of calves fed MRA was less than that of calves fed MRE (0.07 vs. 0.09 kg/d, P = 0.09), and greater during wk 5 (0.62 vs. 0.51 kg/d, P < 0.01); however, total gain for calves fed MRE was not different from calves fed MRA. Likewise, average feed efficiencies (gain/dry matter intake) were not different. Severity of scours, as measured by fecal scores, and concentrations of serum proteins, an indirect measure of immunoglobulins, were similar for calves fed MRA and MRE. The results suggest that antibiotics in milk replacers can be replaced with compounds such as fructooligosaccharides, probiotics, and allicin to obtain similar calf performance.
Experimental Stroke Induces Massive, Rapid Activation of the Peripheral Immune System (2005)

Clinical experimental stroke induces injurious local brain inflammation. However, effects on the peripheral immune system have not been well characterized. We quantified mRNA and protein levels for cytokines, chemokines, and chemokine receptors (CCR) in brain, spinal cord, peripheral lymphoid organs (spleen, lymph node, blood, and cultured mononuclear cells from these sources), and blood plasma after reversible middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) or sham treatment in male C57BL/6 mice. Middle cerebral artery occlusion induced a complex, but organ specific, pattern of inflammatory factors in the periphery. At both 6 and 22 h after MCAO, activated spleen cells from stroke-injured mice secreted significantly enhanced levels of TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, IL-6, MCP-1, and IL-2. Unstimulated splenocytes expressed increased chemokines and CCR, including MIP-2 and CCR2, CCR7 and CCR8 at 6 h; and MIP-2, IP-10, and CCR1 and CCR2 at 22 h. Also at 22 h, T cells from blood and lymph nodes secreted increased levels of inflammatory cytokines after activation. As expected, there were striking proinflammatory changes in postischemic brain. In contrast, spinal cord displayed suppression of all mediators, suggesting a compensatory response to intracranial events. These data show for the first time that focal cerebral ischemia results in dynamic and widespread activation of inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and CCR in the peripheral immune system.
Cancer incidence of hispanics and non-hispanic whites in Cook County, Illinois (1995)

These results are consistent with previous studies and suggest that Hispanics residing in the United States may retain some of the risk profile of those living in their home country.
Visualization of protein transport along the secretory pathway using green fluorescent protein (1995)

We have expressed green fluorescent protein (GFP) from A. victoria in the secretory pathway of HeLa cells by fusing it to the C-terminus of a secretory protein, chromogranin B. Under normal culture conditions at 37 degrees C maturation of GFP to the fluorescent form was not detectable. However, fluorescent GFP was observed when biosynthetic protein transport was arrested at the intermediate compartment or the trans-Golgi network by temperature blocks (15 degrees C and 20 degrees C, respectively). Reversal of the temperature blocks allowed the visualization of secretion of fluorescent GFP and offers the possibility to analyse transport in the secretory pathway in living cells.
Usefulness of C-reactive protein in monitoring the severe community-acquired pneumonia clinical course (2007)

Daily C-reactive protein measurement after antibiotic prescription is useful in identification, as early as day 3, of severe community-acquired pneumonia patients with poor outcome. The identification of the C-reactive protein pattern of response to antibiotic therapy was useful in the recognition of the individual clinical course, either improving or worsening, as well as the rate of improvement, in patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia.
Neuromodulation reduces urinary frequency in rats with hydrochloric acid‐induced cystitis (2000)

In rats with HCl-induced cystitis, electrical stimulation reduced the micturition frequency, but not by inhibiting afferent c-fibre activity.