gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Head‐to‐head comparison of the pharmacokinetic profiles of a high‐purity factor IX concentrate (AlphaNine®) and a recombinant factor IX (BeneFIX®) in patients with severe haemophilia B (2013)

Head-on comparative studies of factor IX (FIX) concentrates performed under standardized conditions are rarely conducted regardless of being a valuable instrument guiding health care providers towards better informed and cost-effective decisions. This study is an extension of a multicentre study that assessed the efficacy, safety and pharmacokinetics (PK) of AlphaNine(®) in 25 previously treated patients with severe haemophilia B (FIX:C ≤ 2%). After a washout period ≥ 7 days following the last PK performed with AlphaNine(®) after a dose of 65-75 IU kg(-1) , an identical PK study was performed with BeneFIX(®) on 22 of the same patients. Venous blood samples for analysis were taken at baseline and at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 3, 6, 9, 24, 48, 72 and 74 h post infusion. The outcomes of the comparison of the PK parameters were as follows: Mean (± SD) in vivo recovery (IVR) was 1.3 ± 0.4 IU dL(-1) per IU kg(-1) for AlphaNine(®) and 1.0 ± 0.3 IU dL(-1) per IU kg(-1) for BeneFIX(®) (P < 0.01). Mean terminal half-life, mean residence time, area under the curve, clearance and volume of distribution of BeneFIX(®) were 36.0 ± 12.8 h, 39.3 ± 13.9 h, 1631 ± 467 IU h dL(-1) , 0.046 ± 0.01 dL kg(-1) min(-1) and 1.75 ± 0.52 mL kg(-1) respectively. These values were not significantly different to those observed in AlphaNine(®), although BeneFIX(®) displayed higher than expected IVR values and lower than expected clearance values. In conclusion, AlphaNine(®) showed a comparable half-life, but an IVR significantly higher than that of BeneFIX(®). This dissimilarity may have implications on dosing requirements for on-demand treatment regimes affecting optimal resource allocation.
RAGE and ICAM-1 differentially control leukocyte recruitment during acute inflammation in a stimulus-dependent manner (2011)

Our results demonstrate that RAGE and ICAM-1 differentially regulate leukocyte adhesion in vivo in a stimulus-dependent manner.
UMTS/IMT-2000 based on wideband CDMA (1998)

The UMTS terrestrial radio access is based on wideband 4.096 Mchip/s DS-CDMA technology. UTRA will be connected to an evolved GSM core network for both circuit and packet services. A merger between ETSI/Europe and ARIB/Japan based on W-CDMA, a GSM core network, and a common frequency allocation according to the ITU Recommendation of 2 GHz makes a global IMT-2000 standard feasible. UTRA based on W-CDMA fully supports the UMTS/IMT-2000 requirements (e.g., support of 384 kb/s for wide-area coverage and 2 Mb/s for local coverage). Furthermore, the air interface has flexible support of mixed services, variable-rate services, and an efficient packet mode. Key W-CDMA features also include improved basic capacity/coverage performance compared to second-generation systems, full support of adaptive antenna arrays, support of hierarchical cell structures with interfrequency handover, and support of asynchronous inter-base-station operation. There have been no constraints due to the strong requirements for backward compatibility with second-generation systems. This has facilitated a high degree of flexibility and a future-proof air interface. Extensive evaluations by means of simulations and field trials have been carried out by a number of companies, and full system tests are ongoing. Consequently, W-CDMA technology can now be regarded as a mature technology, ready to provide the basis for UMTS/IMT-2000.
The use of adapters to support cooperative sharing (1994)

This paper examines the importance of providing effective management of sharing in cooperative systems and argues for a specialised service to support the cooperative aspects of information sharing. The relationship between features of the cooperative shared object service and existing services is briefly examined. A number of management services of particular importance to CSCW systems are identified. The paper presents a technique of realising a shared object service by augmenting existing object facilities to provide management of their cooperative use. These facilities are realised through object adapters that provide additional cooperative facilities and greater control over the supporting infrastructure.
Prenatal Diagnosis Using Fetal Cells and Cell-Free Fetal DNA in Maternal Blood: What Is Currently Feasible? (2002)

Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Department of Research, University of Basel, Switzerland Correspondence: Sinuhe Hahn, PhD, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Department of Research, University of Basel, Schanzenstrasse 46, CH–4031 Basel, Switzerland. E-mail: [email protected]
Plane wave coupling to multiple conductor transmission lines above a lossy earth (1989)

The current induced on an infinite multiple conductor transmission line located above a lossy homogeneous medium due to a transient plane wave is discussed. An exact solution is formulated in the frequency domain using a spatial transform technique. The widely utilized quasi-TEM approximation is derived directly from the exact solution with emphasis on the physical consequences of the assumptions made. Both frequency domain and time domain numerical results are presented for typical transmission structures and documented electromagnetic pulse (EMP) excitations. Comparison of the quasi-TEM approximation to the exact solution is made in order to study the validity of its application in EMP coupling problems. The modeling of the EMP source as an incident plane wave is examined by comparing the induced current due to a dipole source with its steepest-descent contribution.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Contact Network Structure Explains the Changing Epidemiology of Pertussis (2010)

Coughing Back Resurgence of whooping cough (or pertussis) is problematic because of the risk of infant fatality, but it has been occurring despite the availability of a vaccine. Data from Sweden, where national vaccination for whooping cough was discontinued for 17 years, before resumption in 1996, was used by Rohani et al. (p. 982 ) to build a model that showed that age-specific social contacts were an important influence on the spread of infection. The model helped to explain why resumption of vaccination was so successful in curbing infant whooping cough but had no effect on pertussis in adolescents. The model thus demonstrated how potentially important it is to take account of age-stratification in a population when considering public health policy.
STEREO IMAGE MATCHING USING ROBUST ESTIMATION AND IMAGE ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES FOR DEM GENERATION (2000)

Digital Elevation Models (DEM) produced by digital photogrammetry workstations are often used as a component in complex Geographic Information Systems (GIS) modeling. Since the accuracy of GIS databases must be within a specified range for appropriate analysis of the information and subsequent decision making, an accurate DEM is needed. Conventional image matching techniques may be classified as either area-based or feature-based methods. These image matching techniques could not overcome the disparity discontinuities problem and only supply a Digital Surface Model (DSM). This means that matching may not occur on the terrain surface, but on the top of man-made objects such as houses, or on the top of the vegetation. In order to get more accurate DEM from overlapping digital aerial images and satellite images, a 3D terrain reconstruction method using compound techniques is proposed. The area-based image matching method is used to supply dense disparities. Image edge detection and texture analysis techniques are used to find houses and tree areas. Both these parts are robustified in order to avoid outlyers. The final DEM comes from the two parts of image matching and image analysis and hence overcomes errors in the DEM caused by matching on tops of trees or man-made objects.
Isolation of a cDNA clone for human antithrombin III. (1983)

Antithrombin III (ATIII) is an important plasma protease inhibitor with a central role in the coagulation system. On the basis of its protein sequence, ATIII is one member of a "super family" of protease inhibitors that includes alpha 1-antitrypsin and chicken ovalbumin. An increased risk of thromboembolism is associated with inherited ATIII deficiency. To study the structure and expression of the human ATIII gene, we have isolated complementary (cDNA) clones for ATIII from human liver mRNA. ATIII cDNA clones were identified by hybridization to a mixture of synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides encoding amino acids 251-256 of the ATIII protein sequence. The largest cDNA clone (1.4 kilobases) included the coding region of ATIII mRNA from codon 10 through a 3'-untranslated region. Comparison of ATIII cDNA clones from two different sources revealed a sequence polymorphism at an internal PstI restriction site. Analysis of both total genomic DNAs and an ATIII gene cloned in a bacteriophage Charon 4A showed that the ATIII gene is present once per haploid genome and is distributed over 10-16 kilobases of DNA. Computer-assisted comparison of the cDNA sequence with those for baboon alpha 1-antitrypsin and chicken ovalbumin revealed homologies consistent with their inclusion in the protease inhibitor superfamily.
Tunnel Field-Effect Transistors for Future Low-Power Nano-Electronics (2009)

Tunnel-FETs (TFETs) have the potential for a subthreshold swing below 60 mV/dec such that supply voltage scaling beyond the 1 V plateau of metal-oxide-semiconductor FETs (MOSFETs) is possible. The latter scaling is a necessary condition for a reduction of the power consumption per transistor. Silicon-based TFETs are the most attractive because they allow for a full re-use of the existing expertise in fabricating silicon MOSFETs. However, the large bandgap of silicon results in low on-currents. Therefore, the incorporation of heterostructures is proposed. In particular, a germanium-source silicon-channel n-TFET and, as complementary p-TFET, an indium(gallium)arsenide-source silicon-channel TFET reach on-currents comparable to MOSFETs. TFETs offer new opportunities, like the short-gate configuration, due to their different operating principle. At the same time, the latter implies that models need to be newly developed. The agreement of models with experimental data is still qualitative only.
Technical Note: An efficient daily QA procedure for proton pencil beam scanning (2018)

An efficient daily PBS QA procedure can be performed using a single, nonuniform field on a nondedicated QA device. A thorough quantitation of the device's response and careful control of measurement uncertainties allowed daily tolerances to match commissioning standards.
Isolation and Characterization of PDE9A, a Novel Human cGMP-specific Phosphodiesterase (1998)

We have cloned and characterized the first human isozyme in a new family of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases, PDE9A. By sequence homology in the catalytic domain, PDE9A is almost equidistant from all eight known mammalian PDE families but is most similar to PDE8A (34% amino acid identity) and least like PDE5A (28% amino acid identity). We report the cloning of human cDNA encoding a full-length protein of 593 amino acids, including a 261-amino acid region located near the C terminus that is homologous to the approximately 270-amino acid catalytic domain of other PDEs. PDE9A is expressed in all eight tissues examined as a approximately 2. 0-kilobase mRNA, with highest levels in spleen, small intestine, and brain. The full-length PDE9A was expressed in baculovirus fused to an N-terminal 9-amino acid FLAG tag. Kinetic analysis of the baculovirus-expressed enzyme shows it to be a very high affinity cGMP-specific PDE with a Km of 170 nM for cGMP and 230 microM for cAMP. The Km for cGMP makes PDE9A one of the highest affinity PDEs known. The Vmax for cGMP (4.9 nmol/min/microg recombinant enzyme) is about twice as fast as that of PDE4 for cAMP. The enzyme is about twice as active in vitro in 1-10 mM Mn2+ than in the same concentration of Mg2+ or Ca2+. PDE9A is insensitive (up to 100 microM) to a variety of PDE inhibitors including rolipram, vinpocetine, SKF-94120, dipyridamole, and 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine but is inhibited (IC50 = 35 microM) by zaprinast, a PDE5 inhibitor. PDE9A lacks a region homologous to the allosteric cGMP-binding regulatory regions found in the cGMP-binding PDEs: PDE2, PDE5, and PDE6.
Limitation of Complement Activation by Perfluorocarbon Emulsions:Superiority of Lecithin-Emulsified Preparations (1988)

A considerable body of evidence suggests that complement and granulocyte activation may be important in the occasional adverse reactions which occur on the administration of perfluorocarbon emulsions to patients. In an attempt to develop an emulsion which was less prone to activate complement than was the first product clinically tested, we devised an in-vitro protocol for the testing of an emulsion's ability to activate complement: emulsions were serially diluted, and were incubated with minimally-heparinized plasmas from each of several donors; the generation of C3a was assessed by commercial immunoassay. In such a system, F-Adamantane emulsions prepared with highly-purified lecithin as the emulsifier were consistently less complement-activating than comparable emulsions prepared with Pluronic F-68 as the emulsifier. Emulsification technique seemed unimportant, and HPLC fractionation of the Pluronics identified no innocuous subfraction. Application of these findings to an animal model is underway, to see if the superiority of lecithin-based emulsions is also evident in vivo.
Clostridium difficile–Associated Diarrhea (1998)

patients with C. difficile infection
Antibody-Dependent Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity Against Cells Infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (1987)

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) elicits the production of virus-specific antibodies in infected individuals. We investigated the ability of serum from HIV-infected individuals to mediate antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity in an in vitro 51Cr release assay system. Fresh peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy donors seronegative for HIV were used as cellular effectors against HIV-infected and uninfected H9 target cells in the presence of serum from HIV-infected or uninfected donors. Serum from HIV-infected, but not uninfected, donors significantly augmented cytolysis of virus-infected targets (P less than .005). There was no augmented killing of uninfected H9 cells with sera from either group. Studies using serum from mice that had been immunized with synthetic peptides from the HIV envelope region suggested that this response is directed, at least in part, at several determinants of the transmembrane portion of the HIV envelope glycoprotein.
Using audio and video features to classify the most dominant person in a group meeting (2007)

The automated extraction of semantically meaningful information from multi-modal data is becoming increasingly necessary due to the escalation of captured data for archival. A novel area of multi-modal data labelling, which has received relatively little attention, is the automatic estimation of the most dominant person in a group meeting. In this paper, we provide a framework for detecting dominance in group meetings using different audio and video cues. We show that by using a simple model for dominance estimation we can obtain promising results.
dChipSNP: significance curve and clustering of SNP-array-based loss-of-heterozygosity data (2004)

The breast cancer data are provided by Andrea L. Richardson, Zhigang C. Wang and James D. Iglehart.
On the body-source built-in potential lowering of SOI MOSFETs (2003)

This letter provides a viewpoint for the characterization of state-of-the-art thin film silicon-on-insulator (SOI) MOSFETs. Based on body-source built-in potential lowering, the degree of full depletion can be quantified. In addition to serving as a measure of the floating-body behavior of SOI devices, the concept also enables the consolidation of partial-depletion (PD) and full-depletion (FD) SOI compact models. This consolidation of compact models together with the trend of coexistence of PD/FD devices in a single chip has become one of the greatest challenges in the scaling of SOI CMOS.
Nuclear factor-kappaB/Rel blocks transforming growth factor beta1-induced apoptosis of murine hepatocyte cell lines. (1997)

Treatment of hepatocytes with transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) induces growth arrest, which is followed by extensive cell death by apoptosis. Previously, we found that TGF-beta1 down-modulates nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB/Rel activity in murine B cell lymphomas, inducing apoptosis. Furthermore, p65 (RelA)-deficient mice died during gestation due to apoptosis of liver cells. Here we have explored the effects of TGF-beta1 on hepatocytes, using two untransformed murine hepatocyte cell lines, AML-12 and NMH, which constitutively express classical NF-kappaB. TGF-beta1 treatment caused increased NF-kappaB binding that was followed by a dramatic decrease in NF-kappaB levels that preceded apoptosis. Ectopic c-Rel expression ablated apoptosis induced by TGF-beta1. The down-regulation in NF-kappaB activity correlated with elevated IkappaB-alpha expression due to hypophosphorylation and increased IkappaB-alpha protein stability. Thus, NF-kappaB factor expression acts directly to promote liver cell survival. Furthermore, these findings characterize a novel signaling pathway for TGF-beta1 in epithelial cells involving down-regulation of NF-kappaB/Rel factors activity through posttranslational modification of IkappaB-alpha protein.
An inexpensive drivable cannulated microelectrode array for simultaneous unit recording and drug infusion in the same brain nucleus of behaving rats (2011)

Neurons are functionally segregated into discrete populations that perform specific computations. These computations, mediated by neuron-neuron electrochemical signaling, form the neural basis of behavior. Thus fundamental to a brain-based understanding of behavior is the precise determination of the contribution made by specific neurotransmitters to behaviorally relevant neural activity. To facilitate this understanding, we have developed a cannulated microelectrode array for use in behaving rats that enables simultaneous neural ensemble recordings and local infusion of drugs in the same brain nucleus. The system is inexpensive, easy to use, and produces robust and quantitatively reproducible drug effects on recorded neurons.
Glutamyl-tRNA synthetases of Bacillus subtilis 168T and of Bacillus stearothermophilus. Cloning and sequencing of the gltX genes and comparison with other aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. (1990)

The glutamyl-tRNA synthetase (GluRS) of Bacillus subtilis 168T aminoacylates with glutamate its homologous tRNA(Glu) and tRNA(Gln) in vivo and Escherichia coli tRNA(1Gln) in vitro (Lapointe, J., Duplain, L., and Proulx, M. (1986) J. Bacteriol. 165, 88-93). The gltX gene encoding this enzyme was cloned and sequenced. It encodes a protein of 483 amino acids with a Mr of 55,671. Alignment of the amino acid sequences of four bacterial GluRSs (from B. subtilis, Bacillus stearothermophilus, E. coli, and Rhizobium meliloti) gives 20% identity and reveals the presence of several short highly conserved motifs in the first two thirds of these proteins. Conserved motifs are found at corresponding positions in several other aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. The only sequence similarity between the GluRSs of these Bacillus species and the E. coli glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase (GlnRS), which has no counterpart in the E. coli GluRS, is in a segment of 30 amino acids in the last third of these synthetases. In the three-dimensional structure of the E. coli tRNA(Gln).GlnRS.ATP complex, this conserved peptide is near the anticodon of tRNA(Gln) (Rould, M. A., Perona, J. J., Söll, D., and Steitz, T. A. (1989) Science 246, 1135-1142), suggesting that this region is involved in the specific interactions between these enzymes and the anticodon regions of their tRNA substrates.
History and Uses of BOTOX® (Botulinum Toxin Type A) (2004)

Part 1 In Part 1 of this 2-part series, we will relate a brief history of medical documentation, describe the 12 purposes of the medical record, and list standards, rules, and regulations that control or influence medical documentation from a case management/discharge planning point of view. Part 2 will be a list of purposes and functions of a medical record and examples of questions that can be used as a guide on what to document, or on what to look for in a medical record.
1.156-GHz self-aligned vibrating micromechanical disk resonator (2004)

A new fabrication methodology that allows self-alignment of a micromechanical structure to its anchor(s) has been used to achieve vibrating radial-contour mode polysilicon micromechanical disk resonators with resonance frequencies up to 1.156 GHz and measured Q's at this frequency >2,650 in both vacuum and air. In addition, a 734.6-MHz version has been demonstrated with Q's of 7,890 and 5,160 in vacuum and air, respectively. For these resonators, self-alignment of the stem to exactly the center of the disk it supports allows balancing of the resonator far superior to that achieved by previous versions (in which separate masks were used to define the disk and stem), allowing the present devices to retain high Q while achieving frequencies in the gigahertz range for the first time. In addition to providing details on the fabrication process, testing techniques, and experimental results, this paper formulates an equivalent electrical circuit model that accurately predicts the performance of these disk resonators.
Central and peripheral neurite outgrowth differs in preference for heparin-binding versus integrin-binding sequences (1992)

Neurons of the CNS and PNS differ in their response to fibronectin (FN) and proteolytic fragments of FN. The 33 kDa C-terminal cell and heparin-binding fragment of FN, in particular, is a strong promoter of CNS neurite outgrowth. To define further the neurite-promoting activity of the 33 kDa fragment, and to investigate further the differences between PNS and CNS responses to FN and the 33 kDa fragment, we contrasted neurite outgrowth by CNS and PNS neurons on three synthetic peptides representing sequences from this fragment of FN: two heparin-binding peptides, FN-C/H I and FN-C/H II (McCarthy et al., 1990), and an integrin-binding peptide, CS1 (Humphries et al., 1987). Spinal cord (SC) neurons, from the CNS, differed from dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, from the PNS, with respect to substratum preference for heparin-binding versus integrin-binding peptides. SC neurite outgrowth was greatest on the heparin-binding peptide FN-C/H II, while DRG neurite outgrowth was greatest on the a4 beta 1 integrin-binding peptide CS1. To test whether the difference in substratum preference was due to differences in the molecular mechanism by which SC and DRG neurons interact with the 33 kDa fragment of FN, anti-beta 1 integrin antibodies and/or soluble heparin were added to the cultures as potential inhibitors of integrin-mediated or proteoglycan-mediated interactions with FN. SC neurite outgrowth was much more sensitive to the effect of heparin than anti-beta 1 integrin, indicating SC neurite outgrowth may involve predominantly a heparin-sensitive mechanism.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)