gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of fibrocytes in postburn hypertrophic scar (2005)

Fibrocytes are a unique leukocyte subpopulation implicated in wound healing. They are derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells, display fibroblast-like properties, and synthesize extracellular matrix macromolecules. This study investigated whether fibrocytes are present in healing burn wounds and whether the number of fibrocytes in tissue correlates with the degree of burn injury and the development of hypertrophic scar. Proteins extracted from cultured fibrocytes and nonadherent lymphocytes were found to be similar using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and quite distinct from those obtained from fibroblasts. However, one protein, identified as leukocyte-specific protein 1 using mass spectrometric peptide mapping, was found in significantly larger amounts in fibrocytes than in lymphocytes but was undetectable in fibroblasts. Double immunostaining with antibodies to leukocyte-specific protein-1 and to the N-terminal propeptide of type I collagen was performed on cryosections of hypertrophic scar, mature scar, and normal skin. Fibrocytes were seen in scar tissue as dual-labeled spindle-shaped cells but were absent from normal skin. Moreover, the number of fibrocytes was higher in hypertrophic than in mature scar tissue. We conclude that fibrocytes, which have been reported to be antigen-presenting cells, are recruited to wounds following extensive burn injury and could potentially upregulate the inflammatory response and synthesize collagen and other matrix macromolecules, thus contributing to the development of hypertrophic scarring.
Cell attachment to thrombospondin: the role of ARG-GLY-ASP, calcium, and integrin receptors. (1988)

Thrombospondin is a 420,000-D glycoprotein that has recently been shown to have several properties in common with the members of a class of adhesive proteins. To characterize further the adhesive properties of thrombospondin, we have studied its ability to support cell attachment. Thrombospondin adsorbed to plastic dishes supports the attachment of human endothelial and smooth muscle cells and the monocyte-like cell line (U937) as well as normal rat kidney cells. The majority of attached cells do not spread on the solid-phase thrombospondin. The attachment of all four cell types to thrombospondin is abolished if the assay is performed in the presence of EGTA, although the cells still attach to fibronectin. If thrombospondin is adsorbed to the dishes in the presence of EGTA and then washed with buffer containing calcium before addition of the cells, attachment is still markedly inhibited, indicating that calcium affects the conformation and function of thrombospondin. Attachment of all four cell types is also markedly inhibited by the synthetic peptides gly-arg-gly-asp-ser-pro (GRG-DSP) and gly-arg-gly-asp-ala-cys (GRGDAC) but not by the control peptide gly-arg-gly-glu-ser-pro (GRG-ESP). Affinity chromatography of n-octylglucoside extracts of surface-labeled endothelial cells or smooth muscle cells on thrombospondin-Sepharose and GRG-DSP-Affigel columns was used to identify an integrin complex related to glycoprotein IIb-IIIa as an RGD-dependent receptor for thrombospondin. In addition, a monoclonal antibody (LM609) that blocks attachment of endothelial cells to vitronectin, fibrinogen, and von Willebrand factor also inhibits attachment of endothelial cells to thrombospondin. These data indicate that the attachment of cells to thrombospondin is mediated by RGD and calcium-dependent mechanisms and is consistent with the hypothesis that the GRGDAC sequence in thrombospondin is a site for interaction with an integrin receptor of the beta 3 subclass.
Surface migration of ‘‘hot’’ adatoms in the course of dissociative chemisorption of oxygen on Al(111) (1992)

Scanning-tunneling-microscopy observations on an Al(111) surface reveal that O adatoms at 300 K are practically immobile. Low-coverage overlayers formed by dissociative chemisorption of ${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ consist essentially only of single isolated atoms rather than of pairs of adjacent atoms. Hence, upon dissociation, at least part of the chemisorption energy must be transformed into translational energy parallel to the surface which causes the two O atoms formed to separate from each other by at least 80 \AA{} before the excess energy is dissipated. The lifetime of these ``hot'' adatoms is estimated to be on the order of \ensuremath{\ge}1 ps.
Group II and Group III Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors in the Rat Retina: Distributions and Developmental Expression Patterns (1996)

We have studied the distributions of group II metabotropic glutamate receptors, mGluR2 and mGluR3, and a group III metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR4, in the adult rat retina and during postnatal development using receptor specific anti-peptide antisera. Of the three receptors examined, mGluR3 was not expressed in the retina. MGluR2 showed a distinct stratification pattern in the inner plexiform layer (IPL). Double-labelling immunocytochemistry revealed that mGluR2 was localized in the processes of cholinergic amacrine cells. MGluR4 was found throughout the entire IPL. At the subcellular level, both mGluR2 and mGluR4 were found to be localized exclusively in processes postsynaptic to bipolar cell synapses in the IPL. During postnatal development, labelling for mGluR2 was detected at around postnatal day five. MGluR4 was already present at postnatal day one, prior to the establishment of synaptic connections in the IPL. The differential expression patterns of individual metabotropic glutamate receptors in the adult and developing rat retina suggest distinct roles for these receptors in retinal synaptic circuitry.
GPS Attitude Determination of Spin Stabilized Satellites (1992)

A GPS Integrated Navigation and Attitude Determi-
nation System (GINAS) for spin stabilised satellites is
presented in this paper. The sensor consists of an ar-
ray of two antennas connected to a GPS receiver unit
which performs code and carrier phase measurements.
The basic observable used for attitude computation is
the integrated doppler count, although pseudoranges
are also needed. Thus, either a C/A or a P code GPS
receiver can be utilised in this sensor, being the all-
in-view type GPS receivers the most suitable for this
application.
The paper describes the connection between the inte-
grated doppler counts and several parameters which
characterise the dynamic motion of a spin stabilised
satellite. Axial symmetry of the satellite is assumed in
the dynamic model for simplicity but the same method
could be extended to a more general case. The GPS
attitude sensor outputs, for this simple case, the rates
of rotation around the principal body axis and around
the inertial direction defined by the angular momen-
tum vector of the satellite, the angle of nutation, the
components of the angular momentum vector and the
phase of the rotations at an initial epoch, Prom these
parameters, the instantaneous orientation of the satel-
lite is derived based on adaptive deterministic meth-
ods.
The use of integrated doppler count as alternative
to carrier phase minimises errors coming from unbal-
anced antenna electrical paths, cycle slips and multi-
path, while makes the sensor performance very robust.
Results are presented, at simulation level, and also us-
ing real GPS hardware and a GPS signal simulator,
which confirm the expected behaviour of the GINAS
system.
MOLREP: an Automated Program for Molecular Replacement (1997)

MOLREP is an automated program for molecular replacement which utilizes effective new approaches in data processing and rotational and translational searching. These include an automatic choice of all parameters, scaling by Patterson origin peaks and soft resolution cut-off. One of the cornerstones of the program is an original full-symmetry translation function combined with a packing function. Information from the model already placed in the cell is incorporated in both translation and packing functions. A number of tests using experimental data proved the ability of the program to find the correct solution in difficult cases.
A fast, fully automated cell segmentation algorithm for high‐throughput and high‐content screening (2008)

High-throughput, high-content screening (HT-HCS) of large compound libraries for drug discovery imposes new constraints on image analysis algorithms. Time and robustness are paramount while accuracy is intrinsically statistical. In this article, a fast and fully automated algorithm for cell segmentation is proposed. The algorithm is based on a strong attachment to the data that provide robustness and have been validated on the HT-HCS of large compound libraries and different biological assays. We present the algorithm and its performance, a description of its advantages and limitations, and a discussion of its range of application.
Migration of human intestinal lamina propria lymphocytes, macrophages and eosinophils following the loss of surface epithelial cells (1997)

Lymphocytes and macrophages are present in the normal intestinal lamina propria, separated from the epithelial monolayer by the basement membrane. There is evidence for movement of mononuclear cells through the lamina propria, entering from the systemic circulation and exiting via lymphatic channels. The goal of our studies was to investigate the capacity of cells to migrate out from the lamina propria into the lumen following the loss of surface epithelial cells. An in vitro model was therefore established in which normal human intestinal mucosal samples, denuded of the surface epithelium, were maintained in culture. Electron microscopy showed that during culture, large numbers (>2 x 10(6)/g tissue per 24 h) of cells migrated out of the lamina propria via discrete 'tunnels' which were in continuity with pores (diameter <4 microm) in the basement membrane. The emigrating cells were T cells (68.5 +/- 5.1%), macrophages (10.5 +/- 1.3%) and eosinophils (7.1 +/- 1.3%). Our studies have therefore demonstrated, for the first time, the capacity for large numbers of lymphocytes, macrophages and eosinophils to migrate out of the lamina propria, via basement membrane pores. We postulate that such emigration of cells occurs in vivo following the loss of surface epithelial cells due to injury, and could represent an important form of host defence against luminal microorganisms and also facilitate wound repair by enhancing restitution by neighbouring epithelial cells, via peptide factors.
High-Performance, Solution-Processed Organic Thin Film Transistors from a Novel Pentacene Precursor (2002)

The Lewis acid-catalyzed Diels-Alder reaction of the organic semiconductor pentacene with N-sulfinylacetamide yields a soluble adduct. Spin-coated thin films of this adduct undergo solid-phase conversion to form thin films of pentacene at moderate temperatures. Organic thin film transistors fabricated by spin-coating this adduct, followed by thermal conversion to pentacene, exhibit the highest mobility reported to date for a solution-processed organic semiconductor.
Tracking objects using recognition (2003)

Tracking is frequently considered a frame-to-frame operation. As such, object recognition techniques are generally too slow to be used for tracking. There are domains, however where the objects of interest do not move most of the time. In these domains, it is possible to watch for activity in the scene and then apply object recognition techniques to find the object's new location. This makes tracking a discrete process of watching for object disappearances and reappearances. We have developed a memory assistance tool that uses this approach to help people with slight to moderate memory loss keep track of important objects around the house. The system is currently deployed in a prototype smart home.
The Primary Structure of Fragment TM2 of Allergen M from Cod (1974)

The amino acid sequence of the COOH‐terminal fragment TM2 of CIK! allergen M has been determined by the dansyl‐Edman procedure The fragment consists of 58 residues (mol.wt. 3,854). and the sequence shows great homology with the sequence of the corresponding fragment of white muscle albumin from carp. hake, and pike. Unique tor the TM2 (and allergen If) from cod is the presence of a tryptophyl residue at position 5 from the COOH‐terminal end.
An Innovative Cascade System for Simultaneous Separation of Multiple Cell Types (2013)

Isolation of different cell types from one sample by fluorescence activated cell sorting is standard but expensive and time consuming. Magnetic separation is more cost effective and faster by but requires substantial effort. An innovative pluriBead-cascade cell isolation system (pluriSelect GmbH, Leipzig, Germany) simultaneously separates two or more different cell types. It is based on antibody-mediated binding of cells to beads of different size and their isolation with sieves of different mesh-size. For the first time, we validated the pluriSelect system for simultaneous separation of CD4+- and CD8+-cells from human EDTA-blood samples. Results were compared with those obtained by magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS; two steps -first isolation of CD4+, then restaining of the residual cell suspension with anti-human CD8+ MACS antibody followed by the second isolation). pluriSelect separation was done in whole blood, MACS separation on density gradient isolated mononuclear cells. Isolated and residual cells were immunophenotyped by 7-color 9-marker panel (CD3; CD16/56; CD4; CD8; CD14; CD19; CD45; HLA-DR) using flow cytometry. Cell count, purity, yield and viability (7-AAD exclusion) were determined. There were no significant differences between both systems regarding purity (MACS (median[range]: 92.4% [91.5-94.9] vs. pluriSelect 95% [94.9-96.8])) of CD4+ cells, however CD8+ isolation showed lower purity by MACS (74.8% [67.6-77.9], pluriSelect 89.9% [89.0-95.7]). Yield was not significantly different for CD4 (MACS 58.5% [54.1-67.5], pluriSelect 67.9% [56.8-69.8]) and for CD8 (MACS 57.2% [41.3-72.0], pluriSelect 67.2% [60.0-78.5]). Viability was slightly higher with MACS for CD4+ (98.4% [97.8-99.0], pluriSelect 94.1% [92.1-95.2]) and for CD8+-cells (98.8% [98.3-99.1], pluriSelect 86.7% [84.2-89.9]). pluriSelect separation was substantially faster than MACS (1h vs. 2.5h) and no pre-enrichment steps were necessary. In conclusion, pluriSelect is a fast, simple and gentle system for efficient simultaneous separation of two and more cell subpopulation directly from whole blood and provides a simple alternative to magnetic separation.
Blind signal separation: statistical principles (1998)

Blind signal separation (BSS) and independent component analysis (ICA) are emerging techniques of array processing and data analysis that aim to recover unobserved signals or "sources" from observed mixtures (typically, the output of an array of sensors), exploiting only the assumption of mutual independence between the signals. The weakness of the assumptions makes it a powerful approach, but it requires us to venture beyond familiar second order statistics, The objectives of this paper are to review some of the approaches that have been developed to address this problem, to illustrate how they stem from basic principles, and to show how they relate to each other.
Retinal prosthesis (2004)

A prosthesis device is designed to replace the functionality of defective photoreceptors in patients suffering from Retinitis Pigmentosa and age-related Macula Degeneration. The circuit designs include a telemetry link used for power transmission and a bidirectional data communication bus. The 28.9mm/sup 2/ IC dissipates 50mW and is fabricated in 1.2/spl mu/m technology. Experimental results on human subjects are included.
CST3 genotype associated with exudative age related macular degeneration (2002)

Genotyping data, the absence of a significant difference in allele frequencies between patients and controls, and survival analyses suggest an increased susceptibility for ARMD in CST3 B/B homozygotes. Therefore, CST3 B may be a recessive risk allele, significantly contributing to disease risk in up to 6.6% of German ARMD patients. Functional correlates of the allelic CST3 variants A and B remain to be investigated.
Identification of Patients at Risk for Postoperative Respiratory Complications Using a Preoperative Obstructive Sleep Apnea Screening Tool and Postanesthesia Care Assessment (2009)

Combination of an obstructive sleep apnea screening tool preoperatively (SACS) and recurrent PACU respiratory events was associated with a higher oxygen desaturation index and postoperative respiratory complications. A two-phase process to identify patients at higher risk for perioperative respiratory desaturations and complications may be useful to stratify and manage surgical patients postoperatively.
Therapeutic Synergy of Oral Taxane BMS-275183 and Cetuximab versus Human Tumor Xenografts (2004)

The combination of oral taxane BMS-275183 plus cetuximab provided therapeutically synergistic antitumor activity in two different human tumor xenograft models. Clinical evaluation of this combination is recommended.
A Novel Model for Metabolic Syndrome Risk Quantification Based on Areal Similarity Degree (2013)

Metabolic syndrome (MS) refers to a clustering of specific cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors whose underlying pathology is thought to be related to insulin resistance. The risk factors include insulin resistance, obesity, dyslipidemia, and hypertension and it is known to increase the risk for CVD and type II diabetes. Since MS helps to identify individuals at high risk for both CVD and type II diabetes, it has become a major public healthcare issue in many countries. There has been much effort to establish diagnostic criteria for MS, but the current diagnostic criteria of MS have weaknesses, such as binary decision based on diagnostic criteria, equal weight among risk factors, and difficulty in estimating the temporal progress of the risk factors. To resolve these problems, this paper proposes a risk quantification model for MS, which is based on areal similarity degree analysis between weighted radar charts comprising MS diagnostic criteria and examination results of risk factors. The clinical effectiveness of the proposed model is extensively evaluated by using data of a large number of subjects obtained from the third Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The evaluation results show that the proposed model can quantify the risk of MS and effectively identify a group of subjects who might be classified into a potential risk group for having MS in the future.
Gastroparesis: Current diagnostic challenges and management considerations (2008)

Gastroparesis refers to abnormal gastric motility characterized by delayed gastric emptying in the absence of mechanical obstruction. The most common etiologies include diabetes, post-surgical and idiopathic. The most common symptoms are nausea, vomiting and epigastric pain. Gastroparesis is estimated to affect 4% of the population and symptomatology may range from little effect on daily activity to severe disability and frequent hospitalizations. The gold standard of diagnosis is solid meal gastric scintigraphy. Treatment is multimodal and includes dietary modification, prokinetic and anti-emetic medications, and surgical interventions. New advances in drug therapy, and gastric electrical stimulation techniques have been introduced and might provide new hope to patients with refractory gastroparesis. In this comprehensive review, we discuss gastroparesis with emphasis on the latest developments; from the perspective of the practicing clinician.
Bone histomorphometry in vitamin D-deficient rats infused with calcium and phosphorus (1984)

Defective mineralization of bone and cartilage is the classical histological finding in vitamin D deficiency. Whether this represents a direct effect on mineral deposition or is a consequence of the decreased calcium and phosphorus levels that result from impaired intestinal absorption is not clear. A method has been developed in which vitamin D-deficient rats have plasma calcium and phosphorus levels maintained in the normal range by continuous infusion. Histomorphometric analysis of undecalcified tibiae from these animals was compared with that of rats given vitamin D. Epiphyseal growth plate thickness, trabecular osteoid volume, and mean osteoid seam width were not increased. Moreover, the administration of two time-spaced courses of tetracycline revealed that the mineralization rate and the time interval between apposition and subsequent mineralization of osteoid (mineralization lag time) were identical to those in rats treated with vitamin D. Trabecular bone volume was increased (osteosclerosis) in the vitamin D-deficient rats. In vitamin D-deficient controls without infusions, the osteosclerosis was mostly osteoid, whereas the excess bone was well mineralized in the vitamin D-deficient rats infused with calcium and phosphorus. Osteosclerosis in vitamin D-deficient animals may result from both decreased bone resorption and increased osteoid apposition. This study provides firm evidence that vitamin D is not essential for mineralization in young growing rats. Decreased availability of calcium and phosphorus thus may be the sole basis of the mineralization defect seen in vitamin D deficiency.
Prognostic Factors in Prolactin Pituitary Tumors: Clinical, Histological, and Molecular Data from a Series of 94 Patients with a Long Postoperative Follow-Up (2010)

This study identifies both the clinical and histological factors that relate to prolactin tumor recurrence or progression. Molecular markers give additional information for prognosis of such tumors. Altogether, our results could influence the management of patients with pituitary tumors.
Rhabdomyolysis and Acute Renal Failure Associated with Gemfibrozil Therapy (1996)

Background: Gemfibrozil is a fibric acid derivative widely used for the treatment of hyperlipidaemia. Severe muscle toxicity and rhabdomyolysis have been previously reported almost exclusively in association with its concomitant use with HMG CoA reductase inhibitors. Acute renal failure related to gemfibrozil monotherapy has rarely been documented. Methods: We report a detailed clinical case of a patient who developed rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure shortly after initiation of gemfibrozil as the sole lipid lowering agent. Clinical presentation, biochemical findings, imaging studies and histological evaluation were analysed in order to identify the mechanism of muscle and renal injury and to exclude alternative causes. Results: A 70 year old woman with long standing diabetes mellitus, hypertension and mild chronic kidney impairment was treated with gemfibrozil 600 mg twice daily for hyperlipidaemia. Four days after treatment initiation, she developed severe myalgia, muscle weakness and dark coloured urine, followed by oliguric acute renal failure. Laboratory evaluation revealed markedly elevated creatine kinase levels, myoglobinaemia and myoglobinuria. Renal imaging was unremarkable. A deltoid muscle biopsy demonstrated histological changes consistent with rhabdomyolysis, without evidence of inflammatory myopathy or vasculitis. Supportive therapy with volume expansion and bicarbonate infusion resulted in progressive recovery of renal function, without the need for dialysis. Conclusions: This report represents the first description of rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure associated with gemfibrozil administered as monotherapy, without statins. The integration of clinical, biochemical and histological findings supports an indirect mechanism of renal injury secondary to severe muscle breakdown. These observations highlight the need for caution when prescribing fibrates, particularly in patients with pre existing renal impairment or exposure to other potentially nephrotoxic agents.