gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Replacement Arteries Made to Order (1999)

The formation of fatty plaques (atherosclerosis) that clog arteries is one of the most common forms of cardiovas-cular disease. The only permanent solu-tion is surgical replacement of diseased arteries with healthy autologous veins (that is, veins from the same patient). However, this type of surgery is only possible for patients with healthy veins. Thus, there has been increasing interest in using biological components to con-struct artificial blood vessels in the laboratory that faithfully mimic the properties of normal healthy arteries. In a lively TechView article, Laura Niklason discusses several new approaches to growing arteries in the laboratory and how each type of vessel withstands the rigors of arterial blood pressure when grafted into different animal models.
Utility of perioperative B-type natriuretic peptide in off-pump bypass surgery (2014)

Background and Aims: This study was performed to determine clinical relevance of perioperative B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting. Methods: 145 consecutive patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting during 8-month period were enrolled in this study. The relationship between the plasma BNP and various clinical parameters was examined. Postoperatively their main clinical endpoints including requirement of mechanical ventilator support, length of intensive care unit stay and hospital stay was closely monitored. Results: Mean preoperative BNP levels were significantly higher in patients whose left ventricular ejection fraction was less than 0.50 (P&lt;0.00083), and New York Heart Association class (III, IV) (P&lt;0.02). The determinants of preoperative higher level of BNP can be related to the advanced age of the patients, r=0.387 (P&lt;0.01) and left ventricular end diastolic diameter, r=0.200 (P&lt;0.05). Postoperative 12-hour BNP correlated significantly with the duration of mechanical ventilation, rho=0.84 (P&lt;0.05), and postoperative hospital stay for 10 days or more, rho=0.202 (P&lt;0.05). Logistic regression analyses showed a significant association between 12-hour BNP and the requirement of mechanical ventilation, Wald=3.956 (P&lt;0.049, 95% CI_1.023- 20.476). Conclusion: Plasma BNP concentration is a valuable biochemical marker, is easy to measure and can effectively predict postoperative outcome in off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting. Baseline BNP had strong correlation with the age and ventricular function of the patient. Postoperatively, elevated 12-hour BNP indicated prolonged ventilation and longer duration of hospital stay. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njh.v11i1.10977 Nepalese Heart Journal 2014;11(1): 19-25
Screening for Fibrin Specific Monoclonal Antibodies: The Development of a New Procedure (1992)

The acquisition of monoclonal antibodies specific for human fibrin has been impaired by the similarity in chemical composition between fibrinogen and fibrin and the conformational difference between immobilised and soluble fibrinogen. Five monoclonal antibodies (mabs) with a known affinity for fibrin have been subjected to screening procedures which involved the presentation of different forms of both fibrinogen and fibrin to the test mabs. It was observed by scanning electron microscopy that dried fibrin (denoted fibrin D), immobilised on the wells of PVC plates was morphologically similar to the fibrin found in human clots whereas PVC-immobilised fibrin monolayers (fibrin M) and a homogenised form of fibrin (fibrin FF) presented two very different morphological appearances. It was shown that lack of cross reactivity of a mab with an antigen (e.g. fibrinogen) was validly demonstrated only when both mab and antigen were present in the soluble state. These findings have allowed the generation of a screening procedure which involves the use of fibrin D on PVC plates in conjunction with whole human plasma incubated with the test antibody. This screening procedure has been validated using two mabs, one of which has an exclusive fibrin affinity while the other has a broad spectrum crossreactivity with both fibrinogen and fibrin. This procedure would ensure the acquisition of all the five fibrin-specific mabs used in this study while other less reliable screening procedures might not.
Enhancement of Vascular Permeability with Low-Frequency Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound in the Chorioallantoic Membrane Model (2007)

Low-frequency contrast-enhanced ultrasound can increase vascular permeability and result in convective extravasation of an 8.5-nm-diameter model drug.
Irradiated donor buffy coat following T cell-depleted bone marrow transplants. (1988)

Twenty patients aged 27-47 years (median, 35 years) with hematological malignancies, treated with T cell-depleted bone marrow transplantation received in a pilot study five donations of 15 Gy irradiated donor buffy coat cells at days +1, +3, +5, +7, +14 in order to prevent rejection and leukemic relapse. Patients were conditioned with etoposide, cyclophosphamide and 12 Gy fractionated total body irradiation and given cyclosporine postgrafting. Donor bone marrow was T cell-depleted (median 3% remaining T cells) by counterflow elutriation. All patients engrafted. Fourteen (70%) are alive. Two are living with relapse, 12 (60%) are alive and well without any signs of disease, 2-27 months (median, 9 months) post-transplant. Three patients died of interstitial pneumonitis and/or graft-versus-host-disease; three died of relapse. This pilot study supports previous animal data. Repeated infusions of 15 Gy irradiated donor buffy coat are feasible and do not appear to increase transplant related mortality. Whether this approach ultimately will reduce the rate of rejection and relapse following T cell depletion needs to be confirmed in a larger, prospective study.
Targeting of Nonkaryophilic Cell-Permeable Peptides into the Nuclei of Intact Cells by Covalently Attached Nuclear Localization Signals (2002)

Dermaseptins are a family of antimicrobial peptides that lyse target bacterial cells by destabilization of their membranes. Here we present a novel application of a peptide derived from the dermaseptin S4, S4(13). At nontoxic concentrations, fluorescently labeled S4(13) was able to penetrate intact cultured HeLa cells but essentially failed to enter their nuclei despite its low molecular weight. Covalent attachment of nuclear localization signal (NLS) motifs of the SV40-T-antigen and of the HIV-1 Rev protein (ARM) conferred karyophilic properties upon the S4(13). The resulting peptides, which were designated as PV-S4(13) and RR-S4(13) penetrated into intact HeLa cells and were able to accumulate within the cells' nuclei. In studies with digitonin-permeabilized cells, nuclear uptake of the PV-S4(13) and the RR-S4(13) peptides showed the same features that characterize active nuclear import. Nuclear import was observed at 37 degrees C, was ATP-dependent, and was inhibited by the free peptides bearing the SV40 NLS and the Rev and Tat ARMs. Microinjected S4(13) remained in the cytoplasm while microinjected RR-S4(13) was translocated into the cells' nuclei. The new type of cell-permeable "karyophilic" peptides described here may be of potential application as a lead compound for therapeutic purposes, as a tool to study nucleocytoplasmic shuttling in intact cells, and for the delivery of peptides to the nucleus.
Label-Free Quantitation of a Cancer Biomarker in Complex Media Using Silicon Photonic Microring Resonators (2009)

Recent advances in label-free biosensing techniques have shown the potential to simplify clinical analyses. With this motivation in mind, this paper demonstrates for the first time the use of silicon-on-insulator microring optical resonator arrays for the robust and label-free detection of a clinically important protein biomarker in undiluted serum, using carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) as the test case. We utilize an initial-slope-based quantitation method to sensitively detect CEA at clinically relevant levels and to determine the CEA concentrations of unknown samples in both buffer and undiluted fetal bovine serum. Comparison with a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit reveals that the label-free microring sensor platform has a comparable limit of detection (2 ng/mL) and superior accuracy in the measurement of CEA concentration across a 3 order of magnitude dynamic range. Notably, we report the lowest limit of detection to date for a microring resonator sensor applied to a clinically relevant cancer biomarker. Although this report describes the robust biosensing capabilities of silicon photonic microring resonator arrays for a single parameter assay, future work will focus on utilizing the platform for highly multiplexed, label-free bioanalysis.
Isolation of the Rb-related p130 through its interaction with CDK2 and cyclins. (1993)

A two-hybrid protein interaction screen was used to isolate cDNAs encoding human proteins that can interact with human CDK2 in yeast. A new member of the retinoblastoma susceptibility gene family, Rbr-2 (Rb-related), was obtained. The sequence of the Rbr-2 protein shares approximately 50% identify with p107 and homology to Rb within the pocket domain. Several lines of evidence indicate that Rbr-2 is the adenovirus E1A-associated p130. Like Rb and p107, p130Rbr-2 can bind to viral oncoproteins, SV40 large T antigen, and adenovirus E1A through its pocket domain. Although p130Rbr-2 does not bind to CDK2 in vitro, it can interact with cyclins, with a clear preference for D-type cyclins. Because both CDK2 and p130Rbr-2 show affinity for cyclins, we suggest that p130Rbr-2 and CDK2 interacted through a yeast-derived cyclin bridge in the two-hybrid screen. The gene encoding p130Rbr-2 mapped to 16q13, a region of frequent genomic alteration in human tumors.
Solid phase microextraction coupled to capillary electrophoresis (1998)

An on-column interface, coupling the solid phase microextraction (SPME) sampling technique with capillary electrophoresis (CE), has been constructed. This interface facilitates the direct insertion of a thin silica fiber into the inlet end of a separation capillary and, therefore, the zero-dead volume connection requirement for hyphenation between SPME and CE is fully realized. The performance of the interface was evaluated by SPME–CE analysis of the priority pollutant phenols using a laboratory-made 40 µm od poly(acrylate) (PA)-coated silica fiber connected to a 75 µm id separation capillary. The results clearly demonstrate that the interface is effective for on-line coupling SPME with CE.
Setting the Record Straight on Data Supporting Postnatal Oogenesis in Female Mammals (2005)

Of all the 'certainties' in mammalian female reproductive biology, the concept that a non-renewing oocyte reserve is set forth in the ovaries at birth may be the most longstanding and widely held. However, when data from our studies of oocyte apoptosis unintentionally began to contradict this theory in the latter part of 2002, we embarked on an investigation, unbiased by any pre-conceived dogmas, to determine if oocyte production persists in adult female mice. In 2004, we presented our first experimental findings in the journal Nature, which indicated that oogenesis indeed continues in adulthood. Amidst widespread skepticism, we moved forward with our studies and this year published our follow-up experiments in the journal Cell. Results from this latter body of work not only reinforced our earlier conclusions but also identified bone marrow as a surprising source of oocyte-producing germ cells in adults. Although this study has also been met with skepticism, doubts raised in commentaries on our work are largely based on inaccurate or incomplete assessments of our experimental models and results. Here we have attempted to clarify published misperceptions and misinterpretations of our data, and offer additional insights that challenge the idea of fixed endowment of oocytes at birth.
Ion-exchange characteristics of sodium-calcium-silicate glass: Calculation from mode spectra (2010)

The characteristics of silver-sodium ion exchange in standard commercial sodium-calcium-silicate glass are investigated using mode spectroscopy. The activation energy of the process, the silver-sodium interdiffusion coefficient, and the dependence of the maximal modulation of the refractive index on the silver nitrate concentration in the experimental salt bath are determined. The data set presented here makes it possible to specify the conditions for the formation of ion-exchange optical structures with preset parameters based on the glasses studied here.
Bewertung von Ionen‐Austauschern unter bes. Berücksichtigung ihrer Austauschgeschwindigkeiten (1951)

Abstract Es wird über konstitutionschemische und reaktionskinetische Untersuchungen an Kationenaustauschern berichtet, deren Ergebnisse sich sinngemäß auf Anionenaustauscher übertragen lassen. In der „relativen Austauschkapazität”︁ und der „Halbwertzeit”︁ werden zwei neue kennzeichnende Größen eingeführt, die für die technische Bewertung von Austauschern geeignet erscheinen. Es ergeben sich neue Gesichtspunkte für die Synthese von Ionenaustauschern mit gesteigerter Austauschkapazität, erhöhter Alkalifestigkeit und Filterleistung.
Tandem Ring Opening−Ring Closing Metathesis of Cyclic Olefins (1996)

Ruthenium alkylidene 1 has been utilized in the tandem ring opening−ring closing metathesis of cyclic olefins. This reaction produces a bicyclic molecule from a cyclic olefin. Reactivity is dependent upon strain, and thus ring size, in the substrate molecules. Competing oligomerization is observed in substrates having low ring strain; this process is inhibited by increasing dilution of the reaction or by adding alkyl substitution to the acyclic olefins.
Optical dielectric function of gold (2012)

In metal optics gold assumes a special status because of its practical importance in optoelectronic and nano-optical devices, and its role as a model system for the study of the elementary electronic excitations that underlie the interaction of electromagnetic fields with metals. However, largely inconsistent values for the frequency dependence of the dielectric function describing the optical response of gold are found in the literature. We performed precise spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements on evaporated gold, template-stripped gold, and single-crystal gold to determine the optical dielectric function across a broad spectral range from 300 nm to 25 $\ensuremath{\mu}$m (0.05--4.14 eV) with high spectral resolution. We fit the data to the Drude free-electron model, with an electron relaxation time ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{D}=14\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}3$ fs and plasma energy $\ensuremath{\hbar}{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{p}=8.45$ eV. We find that the variation in dielectric functions for the different types of samples is small compared to the range of values reported in the literature. Our values, however, are comparable to the aggregate mean of the collection of previous measurements from over the past six decades. This suggests that although some variation can be attributed to surface morphology, the past measurements using different approaches seem to have been plagued more by systematic errors than previously assumed.
Analytical model for extracting intrinsic fluorescence in turbid media (1993)

In this paper we describe a photon migration approach for modeling fluorescence in an optically thick, turbid medium such as human tissue. In such a medium the intrinsic fluorescence spectrum of the fluorophores Φ can be distorted by the interplay of many factors, including scattering and absorption, excitation and collection geometries, and boundary conditions. The model provides an analytical relationship between the bulk fluorescence spectrum F and the diffuse reflectance spectrum R for arbitrary geometries and boundary conditions. We demonstrate that the distortion can be simply and accurately removed by measuring R from the optically thick medium over the same wavelength range and in the same manner as F. Over a wide range of tissue parameters this relationship may be written as Φα F/R(eff), with R(eff) a corrected form of the measured diffuse reflectance. The validity of this approach is demonstrated in both laboratory experiments on human aortic media and by comparison with Monte Carlo simulations and dif usion theory. Connection with a previous algorithm for extracting intrinsic fluorescence is also discussed.
Human Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells Produce Brain Natriuretic Peptide (1999)

The tumoral production of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) was studied using 9 small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell lines which were established from patients with small cell lung cancer. BNP cDNA fragment was generated from 20 microg total RNA which was prepared from the human right cardiac atrium by reverse transcription-based polymerase chain reaction. Expression of BNP mRNA was detected in 30 microg total cellular RNA from these cell lines by RNase protection assays in 5 of 9 SCLC cell lines. Radioimmunoassays using 125I-radiolabeled human BNP(1-32) and antihuman BNP(1-32) antibody detected immunoreactivity in cell pellets from SCLC cell lines which had detectable BNP mRNA. BNP immunoreactivity in the cell pellets corresponds with the data from BNP mRNA analyses. We conclude that SCLC cells have detectable BNP mRNA by RNase protection assay and BNP immunoreactivity in the cells.
Structural Analysis of the C-Terminal Region (Modules 18–20) of Complement Regulator Factor H (FH) (2012)

Factor H (FH) is a soluble regulator of the human complement system affording protection to host tissues. It selectively inhibits amplification of C3b, the activation-specific fragment of the abundant complement component C3, in fluid phase and on self-surfaces and accelerates the decay of the alternative pathway C3 convertase, C3bBb. We have determined the crystal structure of the three carboxyl-terminal complement control protein (CCP) modules of FH (FH18-20) that bind to C3b, and which additionally recognize polyanionic markers specific to self-surfaces. These CCPs harbour nearly 30 disease-linked missense mutations. We have also deployed small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) to investigate FH18-20 flexibility in solution using FH18-20 and FH19-20 constructs. In the crystal lattice FH18-20 adopts a "J"-shape: A ~122-degree tilt between the structurally highly similar modules 18 and 19 precedes an extended, linear arrangement of modules 19 and 20 as observed in previously determined structures of these two modules alone. However, under solution conditions FH18-20 adopts multiple conformations mediated by flexibility between CCPs 18 and 19. We also pinpoint the locations of disease-associated missense mutations on the module 18 surface and discuss our data in the context of the C3b:FH interaction.
Design and Implementation of Fixed Assets Management System in an Enterprise (2012)

The thesis is based on the enterprise's information strategy.It proposes a set of relatively advanced fixed asset management solution..it makes a thorough introduction of the process of business management,and makes a certain of the functional demands.Select the budgeting system and device management functional modules for analysis.The thesis discussed the overall functional structural.
Inducible expression of keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) in mice inhibits lung epithelial cell death induced by hyperoxia (2003)

Oxidant-induced injury to the lung is associated with extensive damage to the lung epithelium. Instillation of keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) in the lungs of animals protects animals from oxidant-induced injury but the mechanism of protection is not well understood. An inherent problem in studying KGF function in vivo has been that constitutive overexpression of KGF in the lung causes embryonic lethality with extensive pulmonary malformation. Here we report the development of a stringently regulated, tetracycline-inducible, lung-specific transgenic system that allows regulated expression of KGF in the lung without causing developmental abnormalities from leaky KGF expression. By using this system, we show that exposure of KGF-expressing mice to hyperoxia protects the lung epithelium but not the endothelium from cell death in accordance with the selective expression of KGF receptor on epithelial and not on endothelial cells. Investigations of KGF-induced cell survival pathways revealed KGF-induced activation of the multifunctional pro-survival Akt signaling axis both in vitro and in vivo. Inhibition of KGF-induced Akt activation by a dominant-negative mutant of Akt blocked the KGF-mediated protection of epithelial cells exposed to hyperoxia. KGF-induced Akt activation may play an important role in inhibiting lung alveolar cell death thereby preserving the lung architecture and function during oxidative stress.
The Identity and Regulation of the Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore (2008)

The mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) pore complex is a key participant in the machinery that controls mitochondrial fate and, consequently, cell fate. The quest for the pore identity has been ongoing for several decades and yet the main structure remains unknown. Established "dogma" proposes that the core of the MPT pore is composed of an association of voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) and adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT). Recent genetic knockout experiments contradict this commonly accepted interpretation and provide a basis for substantial revision of the MPT pore identity. There is now sufficient evidence to exclude VDAC and ANT as the main pore structural components. Regarding MPT pore regulation, the role of cyclophilin D is confirmed and ANT may still serve some regulatory function, although the involvement of hexokinase II and creatine kinase remains unresolved. When cell protection signaling pathways are activated, we have found that the Bcl-2 family members relay the signal from glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta onto a target at or in close proximity to the pore. Our experimental findings in intact cardiac myocytes and neurons indicate that the current "dogma" related to the role of Ca2+ in MPT induction requires reevaluation. Emerging evidence suggests that after injury-producing stresses, reactive oxygen species (but not Ca2+) are largely responsible for the pore induction. In this article we discuss the current state of knowledge and provide new data related to the MPT pore structure and regulation.
An Efficient Two-Photon-Generated Photoacid Applied to Positive-Tone 3D Microfabrication (2002)

A two-photon-activatable photoacid generator, based on a bis[(diarylamino) styryl]benzene core with covalently attached sulfonium moieties, has been synthesized. The photoacid generator has both a large two-photon absorption cross section (delta = 690 x 10(-50) centimeter(4) second per photon) and a high quantum yield for the photochemical generation of acid (phiH+ = 0.5). Under near-infrared laser irradiation, the molecule produces acid after two-photon excitation and initiates the polymerization of epoxides at an incident intensity that is one to two orders of magnitude lower than that needed for conventional ultraviolet-sensitive initiators. This photoacid generator was used in conjunction with a positive-tone chemically amplified resist for the fabrication of a three-dimensional (3D) microchannel structure.