gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evidence that the methylation state of the monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) gene predicts brain activity of MAO A enzyme in healthy men (2012)

Human brain function is mediated by biochemical processes, many of which can be visualized and quantified by positron emission tomography (PET). PET brain imaging of monoamine oxidase A (MAO A)-an enzyme metabolizing neurotransmitters-revealed that MAO A levels vary widely between healthy men and this variability was not explained by the common MAOA genotype (VNTR genotype), suggesting that environmental factors, through epigenetic modifications, may mediate it. Here, we analyzed MAOA methylation in white blood cells (by bisulphite conversion of genomic DNA and subsequent sequencing of cloned DNA products) and measured brain MAO A levels (using PET and [(11)C]clorgyline, a radiotracer with specificity for MAO A) in 34 healthy non-smoking male volunteers. We found significant interindividual differences in methylation status and methylation patterns of the core MAOA promoter. The VNTR genotype did not influence the methylation status of the gene or brain MAO A activity. In contrast, we found a robust association of the regional and CpG site-specific methylation of the core MAOA promoter with brain MAO A levels. These results suggest that the methylation status of the MAOA promoter (detected in white blood cells) can reliably predict the brain endophenotype. Therefore, the status of MAOA methylation observed in healthy males merits consideration as a variable contributing to interindividual differences in behavior.
The Motorola DSP56000 Digital Signal Processor (1986)

The DSP56000 brings 10.25-MIPS performance to digital signal processing and retains enough similarities to other Motorola microprocessors to make it easy to learn and program.
Maximum likelihood estimation for continuous-time stochastic processes (1976)

This paper is mainly concerned with the asymptotic theory of maximum likelihood estimation for continuous-time stochastic processes. The role of martingale limit theory in this theory is developed. Some analogues of classical statistical concepts and quantities are also suggested. Various examples that illustrate parts of the theory are worked through, producing new results in some cases. The role of diffusion approximations in estimation is also explored.
Immobilization of Recombinant Vault Nanoparticles on Solid Substrates (2010)

Native vaults are nanoscale particles found abundantly in the cytoplasm of most eukaryotic cells. They have a capsule-like structure with a thin shell surrounding a "hollow" interior compartment. Recombinant vault particles were found to self-assemble following expression of the major vault protein (MVP) in a baculovirus expression system, and these particles are virtually identical to native vaults. Such particles have been recently studied as potential delivery vehicles. In this study, we focus on immobilization of vault particles on a solid substrate, such as glass, as a first step to study their interactions with cells. To this end, we first engineered the recombinant vaults by fusing two different tags to the C-terminus of MVP, a 3 amino acid RGD peptide and a 12 amino acid RGD-strep-tag peptide. We have demonstrated two strategies for immobilizing vaults on solid substrates. The barrel-and-cap structure of vault particles was observed for the first time, by atomic force microscopy (AFM), in a dry condition. This work proved the feasibility of immobilizing vault nanoparticles on a material surface, and the possibility of using vault nanoparticles as localized and sustainable drug carriers as well as a biocompatible surface moiety.
On the Complexity of Maintaining Partial Sums (1985)

Let $F = \{ ({\bf r}_i ,s_i )|0 \leqq i < n\} $ be a file of n records, where ${\bf r}_i $ are d-dimensional vectors and $s_i $ are elements of a commutative semigroup S. We are interested in the partial sum problem, in which queries of the form “$\sum_{r_i \leqq {\bf a}} {s_i = ?} $” are to be answered. A space-time tradeoff $t = \Omega (\log n/\log (m\log n/ n)$ is established for storing a static two-dimensional file. It will also be shown that, for the one-dimensional problem, any dynamic algorithm must have a worst-case time $\Omega (n\log n/\log \log n)$ in processing a sequence $O(n)$ INSERT and QUERY instructions.
Effects of immunologically induced growth hormone deficiency on myelinogenesis in developing rat cerebrum (1977)

Chronic deficiency of growth hormone was produced in rats by injecting highly specific antibodies against rat somatotropin during the first week of postnatal life. Antisera were prepared by immunizing adult rhesus monkeys with purified rat growth hormone. The rate of body and brain growth was significantly decreased when compared with controls injected with nonimmune serum, and 50-day-old animals showed a profound and apparently specific endocrine deficiency of pituitary growth hormone as measured by bioassay. Defective cerebral maturation was evidenced by a 70 to 80 percent decrease of myelin lipids, a 65 percent reduction of deoxyribonucleic acid, and a small but significant decline in ribonucleic acid. An abnormal accumulation of undifferentiated glia was seen in the subependymal zone in association with decreased amounts of stainable myelin in subcortical white matter. The data suggest that pituitary growth hormone and/or its secondarily induced trophic factor, somatomedin B, influences the maturation of neural cells by regulating the replication of glia and the subsequent differentiation of oligodendrocytes to form myelin.
Light-Driven Molecular Rotor:  Unidirectional Rotation Controlled by a Single Stereogenic Center (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTLight-Driven Molecular Rotor: Unidirectional Rotation Controlled by a Single Stereogenic CenterNagatoshi Koumura, Edzard M. Geertsema, Auke Meetsma, and Ben L. FeringaView Author Information Department of Organic and Molecular Inorganic Chemistry Stratingh Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 48, 12005–12006Publication Date (Web):November 11, 2000Publication History Received26 July 2000Published online11 November 2000Published inissue 1 December 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja002755bhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja002755brapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3592Altmetric-Citations178LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Alkyls,Irradiation,Isomerization,Molecular structure,Molecules Get e-Alerts
Converging evidence for brain stem injury in autism (2002)

The hypothesis that brain stem injury plays a role in the autism spectrum disorders was suggested by evidence that exposure to thalidomide during the earliest stages of brain development increases the risk of autism spectrum disorders. The implications for the embryological origin of autism first led to studies of neuroanatomy in a human case and an animal model and then to examinations of minor craniofacial features in autism. But the general hypothesis had much broader implications. It has now generated studies of the behavioral and neurological symptoms of human patients, of human molecular genetics and population genetics, and of animal behavioral teratology and molecular pharmacology. The collection of this range of data was made possible by adding experts from many fields to the research team. They worked both independently and collaboratively to try to unravel the etiology of autism.
Pore size effects on diffusion of polystyrene in dilute solution (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPore size effects on diffusion of polystyrene in dilute solutionImtiaz A. Kathawalla and John L. AndersonCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1988, 27, 5, 866–871Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00077a025https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00077a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views606Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Signal validation in nuclear power plants: Progress report No. 4 (1987)

This report summarizes the progress of the Signal Validation Project during the first quarter of 1988. A database, containing process variables from the Northeast Utilities Services Company's four-loop PWR, has been established. This database is available for evaluating signal validation modules developed under this research project. We have established further contacts at EBR-II for acquiring test data which will be used at the University of Tennessee. A major effort is underway in developing the system executive.
Effects of mercury contamination on the culturable heterotrophic, functional and genetic diversity of the bacterial community in soil (2001)

This study investigates the effect of mercury contamination on the culturable heterotrophic, functional and genetic diversity of the bacterial community in soil. The changes in diversity were monitored in soil microcosms, enriched with 25 &mgr;g Hg(II) g(-1) soil, over a period of 3 months. The culturable heterotrophic diversity was investigated by colony morphology and colony appearance on solid LB medium. Functional diversity was analysed as sole carbon utilisation patterns in ECOplates. Genetic diversity was measured as bands on denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) gels obtained by purification of total soil DNA and amplification of bacterial 16S rDNA fragments by polymerase chain reaction. Concentrations of bioavailable and total mercury were measured throughout the experiment. The effect on the culturable heterotrophic and genetic diversity was very similar, showing an immediate decrease after mercury addition but then slowly increasing throughout the entire experimental period. Pre-exposure levels were not reached within the time span of this investigation. The DGGE band pattern indicated that a shift in the community structure was responsible for recovered diversity. When analysed by Shannon-Weaver indices, functional diversity was found to increase almost immediately after mercury addition and to remain at a level higher than the control soil for the rest of the experiment. The fraction of culturable heterotrophic bacteria increased from 1% to 10% of the total bacterial number as a result of mercury addition, and the mercury-resistant population increased to represent the entire heterotrophic population.
Compromised Host Defense on Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms: Characterization of Neutrophil and Biofilm Interactions (2003)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that forms biofilms on tissues and other surfaces. We characterized the interaction of purified human neutrophils with P. aeruginosa, growing in biofilms, with regard to morphology, oxygen consumption, phagocytosis, and degranulation. Scanning electron and confocal laser microscopy indicated that the neutrophils retained a round, unpolarized, unstimulated morphology when exposed to P. aeruginosa PAO1 biofilms. However, transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that neutrophils, although rounded on their dorsal side, were phagocytically active with moderate membrane rearrangement on their bacteria-adjacent surfaces. The settled neutrophils lacked pseudopodia, were impaired in motility, and were enveloped by a cloud of planktonic bacteria released from the biofilms. The oxygen consumption of the biofilm/neutrophil system increased 6- and 8-fold over that of the biofilm alone or unstimulated neutrophils in suspension, respectively. H(2)O(2) accumulation was transient, reaching a maximal measured value of 1 micro M. Following contact, stimulated degranulation was 20-40% (myeloperoxidase, beta-glucuronidase) and 40-80% (lactoferrin) of maximal when compared with formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine plus cytochalasin B stimulation. In summary, after neutrophils settle on P. aeruginosa biofilms, they become phagocytically engorged, partially degranulated, immobilized, and rounded. The settling also causes an increase in oxygen consumption of the system, apparently resulting from a combination of a bacterial respiration and escape response and the neutrophil respiratory burst but with little increase in the soluble concentration of H(2)O(2). Thus, host defense becomes compromised as biofilm bacteria escape while neutrophils remain immobilized with a diminished oxidative potential.
Elastic windows: design, implementation, and evaluation of multi-window operations (1998)

Most windowing systems follow the independent overlapping windows approach, which emerged as an answer to the needs of early computer users. Due to advances in computers, display technology, and increased information needs, modern users demand more functionality from window management systems. We propose Elastic Windows with improved spatial layout and rapid multi-window operations as an alternative to current window management strategies. In this approach, multi-window operations are achieved by issuing operations on window groups hierarchically organized in a space-filling tiled layout similar to TreeMaps.1 Sophisticated multi-window operations have been developed to handle fast task-switching and to structure the work environment of users to their rapidly changing needs. We claim that these multi-window operations and the tiled spatial layout dynamics decrease the cognitive load on users by decreasing the number of window operations. This paper describes the Elastic Windows interface in detail and then presents a user study conducted to compare the performance of 12 users with Elastic Windows and traditional Independent Overlapping Windows. User performance was measured in terms of task environment setup, switching, and task execution for 2, 6, and 12 window situations. Elastic Windows users had statistically significantly faster performance for all tasks in 6 and 12 window situations. These results suggest promising possibilities for multiple window operations and hierarchical nesting, which can be applied to the next generation of tiled as well as overlapped window managers. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Implantable venous access devices (1987)

Articles| January 01 1987 Implantable venous access devices LS Knox LS Knox Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Crit Care Nurse (1987) 7 (1): 70–73. https://doi.org/10.4037/ccn1987.7.1.70 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation LS Knox; Implantable venous access devices. Crit Care Nurse 1 January 1987; 7 (1): 70–73. doi: https://doi.org/10.4037/ccn1987.7.1.70 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentCritical Care Nurse Search Advanced Search You do not currently have access to this content.
The long pentraxin PTX3 binds to apoptotic cells and regulates their clearance by antigen-presenting dendritic cells (2000)

Pentraxins are acute-phase proteins produced in vivo during inflammatory reactions. Classical short pentraxins, C-reactive protein, and serum amyloid P component are generated in the liver in response to interleukin (IL)-6. The long pentraxin PTX3 is produced in tissues under the control of primary proinflammatory signals, such as lipopolysaccharide, IL-1 beta, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, which also promote maturation of dendritic cells (DCs). Cell death commonly occurs during inflammatory reactions. In this study, it is shown that PTX3 specifically binds to dying cells. The binding was dose dependent and saturable. Recognition was restricted to extranuclear membrane domains and to a chronological window after UV irradiation or after CD95 cross-linking-induced or spontaneous cell death in vitro. PTX3 bound to necrotic cells to a lesser extent. Human DCs failed to internalize dying cells in the presence of PTX3, while they took up normally soluble or inert particulate substrates. These results suggest that PTX3 sequesters cell remnants from antigen-presenting cells, possibly contributing to preventing the onset of autoimmune reactions in inflamed tissues. (Blood. 2000;96:4300-4306)
Making Inodes Behave (2001)

Claiborne describes the difficulties he encountered while building Linux systems for General Dynamics.
Aberrant Expression of Neuropilin-1 and -2 in Human Pancreatic Cancer Cells (2004)

The aberrant localization of Np-1 and Np-2 in the cancer cells in PDAC suggests that in addition to exerting proangiogenic effects, these coreceptors may contribute to novel autocrine-paracrine interactions in this malignancy.
Shortened telomere length in white blood cells of patients with IDDM. (1998)

IDDM is a polygenic and autoimmune disorder in which subsets of white blood cells (WBCs) are engaged in the destruction of beta-cells of the pancreas. The mechanisms that account for the abnormal behavior of these cells in IDDM are not fully understood. By measuring the mean length of telomeres of WBCs from patients with IDDM, we tested the concept that telomeres might play a role in IDDM. We examined the lengths of the terminal restriction fragments (TRFs) of DNA of WBCs from 234 white men comprising 54 patients with IDDM, 74 patients with NIDDM, and 106 control subjects. When adjusted for age, the TRF length from WBCs of patients with IDDM was significantly shorter than that of nondiabetic control subjects (mean +/- SE: 8.6 +/- 0.1 vs. 9.2 +/- 0.1, P = 0.002). No significant difference was observed between the TRF length from WBCs of patients with NIDDM versus nondiabetic subjects. Neither the duration nor the complications of IDDM (i.e., nephropathy and hypertension) had an effect on the TRF length of WBCs from patients with IDDM. The shortened TRF length of WBCs of patients with IDDM likely reflects a marked reduction in the TRF length of subsets of WBCs that play a role in the pathogenesis of IDDM.
Interplay among nucleosomal DNA, histone tails, and corepressor CoREST underlies LSD1-mediated H3 demethylation (2015)

With its noncatalytic domains, DNA-binding regions, and a catalytic core targeting the histone tails, LSD1-CoREST (lysine-specific demethylase 1; REST corepressor) is an ideal model system to study the interplay between DNA binding and histone modification in nucleosome recognition. To this end, we covalently associated LSD1-CoREST to semisynthetic nucleosomal particles. This enabled biochemical and biophysical characterizations of nucleosome binding and structural elucidation by small-angle X-ray scattering, which was extensively validated through binding assays and site-directed mutagenesis of functional interfaces. Our results suggest that LSD1-CoREST functions as an ergonomic clamp that induces the detachment of the H3 histone tail from the nucleosomal DNA to make it available for capture by the enzyme active site. The key notion emerging from these studies is the inherently competitive nature of the binding interactions because nucleosome tails, chromatin modifiers, transcription factors, and DNA represent sites for multiple and often mutually exclusive interactions.
Gene Expression Profiling of Tumor–Stromal Interactions between Pancreatic Cancer Cells and Stromal Fibroblasts (2004)

The interactions between cancer cells and surrounding stroma play a critical role in tumor progression, but their molecular basis is largely unknown. Global gene expression profiling was performed using oligonucleotide microarrays to determine changes in the gene expression of pancreatic cancer cells (CFPAC1) and stromal fibroblasts induced by coculture. This analysis identified multiple genes as differentially expressed in pancreatic cancer cells and in fibroblasts as a consequence of their mutual interactions, including those that encode for proteins associated with tumor invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis. Among the genes identified, the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)/PTGS2 gene was of particular interest because COX-2 expression was markedly augmented in both cell types (cancer cells and fibroblasts) in response to coculture. Coculture with fibroblasts also induced COX-2 expression in additional pancreatic cancer cells with an unmethylated COX-2 promoter, but not in those with a methylated COX-2 promoter. Using an in vitro invasion assay, we found an increase in the invasive potential of CFPAC1 cells when they were cocultured with fibroblasts, an effect blocked partially by the addition of a selective COX-2 inhibitor, NS-398, or by COX-2 knockdown with small interfering RNA. Thus, COX-2 inhibitors can decrease the invasive properties of pancreatic cancer cells acquired through tumor-stromal interactions.
Adenovirus core protein V interacts with p32--a protein which is associated with both the mitochondria and the nucleus. (1998)

Adenovirus protein V is associated with the DNA-containing virus core and functions as a bridge between the capsid and the core. A yeast two-hybrid analysis performed with a human cDNA library using protein V as 'bait' selected a cellular protein, p32 --described previously as associated with the splicing factor ASF/SF2. By expression and purification of p32 and preparation of an antibody we confirmed the binding of p32 to V by a variety of methods including immune precipitation. We demonstrated that p32 was primarily located in the cytoplasm in association with mitochondria but could also be detected in the nucleus as distinct granules and tubules. By examining infected cells using confocal microscopy and immunofluorescence we were able to follow the intracellular locations of protein V and p32 and it is postulated that p32 is part of a system which imports proteins to the nucleus and that adenovirus hijacks this process to deliver its genome to the nucleus.