gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Location of the structural genes for glycoproteins gD and gE and for other polypeptides in the S component of herpes simplex virus type 1 DNA (1982)

To map the structural genes for the gD and gE polypeptides and for other viral products encoded in the S component of herpes simplex virus type 1 DNA, we selected mRNAs capable of hybridizing to cloned viral DNA fragments and translated the mRNAs in vitro to determine which polypeptides were encoded therein. The gD and gE polypeptides were identified by immunoprecipitation with appropriate monoclonal and monospecific antibodies, whereas the other polypeptides were characterized only by their electrophoretic mobilities in polyacrylamide gels. We found that gD mRNA hybridized to a single SacI subfragment of BamHI fragment J, whereas gE mRNA hybridized to an adjacent SacI subfragment of BamHI fragment J and also to BamHI fragment X. These and other results permit the conclusion that the structural gene for gD is located between map coordinates 0.911 and 0.924, and the gene for gE is between map coordinates 0.924 and 0.951. We also found that mRNAs for polypeptides of 55,000, 42,000, 33,000, and 22,000 molecular weight hybridized to DNA fragments spanning the regions from map coordinates 0.911 to 0.924, 0.897 to 0.911, 0.939 to 0.965, and 0.939 to 0.965, respectively. Finally, in accord with the results of others, we found that mRNA for a 68,000-molecular-weight polypeptide hybridized to the two noncontiguous BamHI fragments N and Z, which share a reiterated DNA sequence.
Synthesis and properties of novel nucleic acid probes. (1985)

2'-O-Methyl derivatives of common ribonucleosides were prepared from appropriately protected nucleosides via the methylation of the 2'-hydroxyl groups with methyl iodide or diazomethane. These derivatives were converted into 2'-O-methylribonucleotide units and the guanosine derivative was linked to a polymer support. Thus, oligo(2'-O-methylribonucleotides) having the sequence of AmCmUmUmAmCmCmUmGm was synthesized in a stepwise manner by using the phosphotriester method. Thermal stabilities (Tm's) of the hybrid between the 2'-O-methyl ribooligomer and the complementary ribooligomer and of the related hybrids are compared. The synthesis of ribooligomer by a new approach is also described.
Vestibular Schwannoma Surgery Outcomes: Our Multidisciplinary Experience in 400 Cases Over 17 Years (2004)

Transpetrosal approaches (translabyrinthine, widened retrolabyrinthine) are safe for vestibular schwannoma removal, and rates of postoperative complications and sequelae are decreasing.
Photoresist channel-constrained deposition of electroless metallization on ligating self-assembled films (1994)

Patterned, selective electroless deposition has been achieved using exposed and developed photoresists, produced with UV and e-beam exposure sources, to create channels for constrained metal growth on ligating self-assembled film surfaces. This process is attractive for the production of high-resolution, etching-resistant features for semiconductor integrated circuit (IC) fabrication, as well as for the fabrication of patterned metal lines for IC-level and (PWB)-level interconnects. Etched metal features with linewidths of 150 nm have been demonstrated.
Age-dependent susceptibility of neonatal rats to group B streptococcal type III infection: correlation of severity of infection and response of myeloid pools (1982)

A distinct age-dependent susceptibility to group B streptococcus type III (GBS) was demonstrated, utilizing a neonatal rat model. The most dramatic changes in susceptibility occurred within the first 7 days of postnatal life. To further investigate this susceptibility, experiments were performed utilizing two age groups of rats: (i) animals within the first 24 h of life (NB) and (ii) 7-day-old animals (7d). The infective dosage used was 10(4) GBS per g of body weight, a dose lethal to 100% of NB but only to 15% of 7d. The responses of the myeloid cells in the peripheral blood, spleen, and bone marrow were evaluated at intervals during the first 24 h post-GBS infection. The susceptibility of the NB to GBS appeared to be associated with a number of events, including smaller base-line levels of myeloid elements particularly in the bone marrow, a lag of at least 2 h in their initial response to infection, and an inability to maintain the myeloid pools. The band form of neutrophils appeared to be the predominant cell type in both total number and rapidity of response to infection. Moreover, an initial depletion of this band form was seen in both groups, which returned to base-line levels with recovery in 7d but persisted until death in NB animals. Similarly, shifts in numbers of peripheral nucleated erythrocytes appeared to reflect changes in the myeloid storage pools, with numbers of nucleated erythrocytes significantly decreasing in 7d animals with recovery in contrast to persistence in NB until death. Therefore, shifts in these cells in peripheral blood during infection appear to reflect the state of myeloid storage pools which parallel disease outcome.
ChemInform Abstract: Ethyl [2‐Deoxy‐5‐O‐(4,4′‐dimethoxytrityl)‐α‐ and β‐D‐erythro‐Pentofuranosyl]acetates as Versatile Intermediates in Nucleic Acid Chemistry (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Resistance to host antimicrobial peptides is necessary for Salmonella virulence. (1992)

The production of antibacterial peptides is a host defense strategy used by various species, including mammals, amphibians, and insects. Successful pathogens, such as the facultative intracellular bacterium Salmonella typhimurium, have evolved resistance mechanisms to this ubiquitous type of host defense. To identify the genes required for resistance to host peptides, we isolated a library of 20,000 MudJ transposon insertion mutants of a virulent peptide-resistant S. typhimurium strain and screened it for hypersensitivity to the antimicrobial peptide protamine. Eighteen mutants had heightened susceptibility to protamine and 12 of them were characterized in detail. Eleven mutants were attenuated for virulence in vivo when inoculated into BALB/c mice by the intragastric route, and 8 of them were also avirulent following intraperitoneal inoculation. The mutants fell into different phenotypic classes with respect to their susceptibility to rabbit defensin NP-1, frog magainin 2, pig cecropin P1, and the insect venom-derived peptides mastoparan and melittin. The resistance loci mapped to eight distinct locations in the genome. Characterization of the mutants showed that one had a defective lipopolysaccharide and another mutant harbored a mutation in phoP, a locus previously shown to control expression of Salmonella virulence genes. Our data indicate that the ability to resist the killing effect of host antimicrobial peptides is a virulence property and that several resistance mechanisms operate in S. typhimurium.
Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infections in Indian AIDS Patients Detected by a Novel Set of ESAT-6 Polymerase Chain Reaction Primers (2007)

Nontuberculous mycobacteria are often underdiagnosed due to lack of proper diagnostic facilities. To overcome this, we created a rapid PCR method for the species-specific diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its differentiation from other mycobacteria. A set of PCR primers targeting the gene encoding for early-secreted antigen-6 (ESAT-6) of the M. tuberculosis complex was designed and standardized on mycobacterial standard strains and on 75 recent isolates from AIDS patients and 70 isolates from HIV-negative patients seen at the hospital of the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. All 145 fresh mycobacterial isolates were identified using phenotypic methods and 16S rRNA PCR followed by sequencing of hypervariable region A. The ESAT-6 PCR detected all of the M. tuberculosis strains correctly (100% sensitivity), but none of the nontuberculous Mycobacterium spp. gave positive results (100% specific). Most nontuberculous mycobacteria were identified in patients with AIDS (24%) followed by those with tuberculous lymphadenitis (12.5%) and those with pulmonary tuberculosis whose treatment had failed (4.3%). The most common nontuberculous mycobacterial species isolated from AIDS patients was M. avium (6.6%), followed by M. fortuitum (5.7%), M. intracellulare and M. terrae (2.6% each). M. celatum, M. duvalii, M. austroafricanum, M. phlei and M. flavescence were also isolated from one patient each. The combination of genus-specific PCR primers with the novel ESAT-6 primer set could provide accurate and rapid diagnosis of mycobacteriosis.
Hemoglobinopathies in Southeast Asia (1987)

Cet article etudie successivement la frequence de la thalassemie α, de la thalassemie β, des variants genetiques de la chaine α et de la chaine β, de l'hemoglobine constant spring et de l'HbE
Fusokine Interleukin-2/Interleukin-18, a Novel Potent Innate and Adaptive Immune Stimulator with Decreased Toxicity (2005)

To redress the immune imbalances created by pathologies such as cancer, it would be beneficial to create novel cytokine molecules, which combine desired cytokine activities with reduced toxicities. Due to their divergent but complementary activities, it is of interest to combine interleukin-2 (IL-2) and IL-18 into one recombinant molecule for immunotherapy. Evaluation of a fusokine protein that combines murine IL-2/IL-18 shows that it is stable, maintains IL-2 and IL-18 bioactivities, has notably reduced IL-2 associated toxicities, and has a novel lymphocyte-stimulating activity. An adeno-viral expression system was used to explore the biology of this "fusokine". Inclusion of the IL-18 prosequence (proIL-18) increases the expression, secretion, and potency of this fusokine. In vivo gene transfer experiments show that Ad-IL-2/proIL-18 dramatically outdoes Ad-IL-2, Ad-proIL-18, or the combination of both, by inducing high rates of tumor rejection in several murine models. Both innate and adaptive effector mechanisms are required for this antitumor activity.
Selective Ablation of Porcine and Rabbit Liver Tissue Using Radiofrequency: Preclinical Study (1999)

Temperature changes and their distribution induced by 13.56-MHz radiofrequency (RF) heating of agar phantom and porcine and rabbit liver were investigated. It was possible to produce selective local heating of approximately 50 degrees C in the RF field of 2 x 2 x 2 cm(3) of the pig or rabbit liver. Coagulation necrosis after heating became pronounced and the margin between the coagulated lesion and normal tissue became clearer with time. Within 1 week after RF heating at 50 degrees C for 20 min, the coagulated area was replaced selectively and totally by necrotic tissue.
Wireless Andrew (1997)

Article Free Access Share on Wireless Andrew: experience building a high speed, campus-wide wireless data network Authors: Bernard J. Bennington Information Networking Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA Information Networking Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PAView Profile , Charles R. Bartel Computer Services, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA Computer Services, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PAView Profile Authors Info & Claims MobiCom '97: Proceedings of the 3rd annual ACM/IEEE international conference on Mobile computing and networkingSeptember 1997 Pages 55–65https://doi.org/10.1145/262116.262131Online:26 September 1997Publication History 33citation1,125DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations33Total Downloads1,125Last 12 Months29Last 6 weeks7 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Host‐Pathogen Interactions Mediating Pain of Urinary Tract Infection (2010)

These data suggest a novel mechanism of infection-associated pain that is dependent on TLR4 yet independent of inflammation. Clinically, these findings also provide the rational for probiotic therapies that would minimize the symptoms of infection without reliance on empirical therapies that contribute to antimicrobial resistance.
Modeling the effect of voltage ripple on the power output of photovoltaic modules (2008)

This paper proposes a model for the static power loss in photovoltaic (PV) panels due to switching-frequency ripple. Small-signal modeling is used to determine the amplitude of the voltage ripple that is imposed on the PV panel, and a closed-form expression is developed for the output power. The expression is shown to be more accurate than the power loss that was predicted by small-signal modeling alone, resulting in a median error of 0.8%. The model presented allows dc-dc converter designers to more precisely choose the input filter components that are critical during times of low insolation.
Bacteria within ovules and seeds (1976)

Surface-sterilized ovules and seeds of 27 species of plants were cultured in the water of syneresis of a nutrient medium low in agar content. Bacteria were obtained from 30% of the ovules, 15% of the seeds of herbaceous plants, 16% of the seeds of woody plants, 5.4% of the overwintered noncereal seeds, and 13.5% of overwintered cereal seeds. In no instance did every ovule or seed of a plant species contain bacteria. No bacteria were obtained from the hard, waxy seeds of mimosa or yellowwood. They were not obtained from ovules with unbroken coats or from seeds with coats that were not ruptured during the swelling of the seed. Only one species of bacteria was recovered in 93% of the instances in which bacteria were obtained. Bacteria were obtained from seeds that were embedded in the acidic parenchyma of the lemon or surrounded by the thickened flesh of the cucurbits. The bacteria were distributed among 19 genera and 46 species. The species isolated in greatest numbers were Bacillus megaterium, B. cereus, Erwinia herbicola, Flavobacterium devorans, and Pseudomonas fluorescens. Bacteria recovered less frequently were in the genera Achromobacter, Acinetobacter, Alcaligenes, Brevibacterium, Corynebacterium, Cytophaga, Leuconostoc, Micrococcus, Nocardia, Proteus, Streptococcus, Streptomyces, and Xanthomonas. Members of 11 genera and 15 species of bacteria were isolated once.
Direct Selection of EGF Mutants Displayed on Filamentous Phage Using Cells Overexpressing EGF Receptor (1999)

Understanding receptor-ligand interactions, and the signal transduction pathways they activate, is of great interest for the discovery of novel antagonists and agonists. In this report we describe a rapid and efficient procedure to evaluate the importance of several different epidermal growth factor (EGF) residues for the binding and activation of its receptor (EGFR). We constructed an EGF mutant library randomized at positions 13, 15 and 16 and expressed them on filamentous phages. Phage display is a powerful system, allowing rapid isolation of binding mutants. Since many of the most pharmacologically interesting receptors cannot be produced in a soluble form, we developed a technique to rapidly select receptor-binding molecules directly on cells. A luciferase assay, simple to perform, was then used to test their biological transduction activity and to rapidly detect mutants of interest. Analysis of the resulting sequences revealed that the wild-type amino acids at positions 13, 15 and 16 are optimized for binding and activity. EGF mutants with agonist properties were also isolated and tolerated substitutions were identified.
Somatomedins (1980)

Regulation of Somatomedins and Somatomedin ActivityIn view of the original definition of somatomedins as growth hormone-dependent, it is not surprising that the concept of regulation by growth hormone has received much attention. However, it now appears that other factors are also important (Fig. 1), and that their influence may sometimes override that of growth hormone. In addition, somatomedins vary with age in normal subjects (Fig. 2). Young children have values comparable to those in adults with hypopituitarism, and levels rise during childhood, perhaps because of altered end-organ sensitivity. Changes with adolescence and aging appear to be minor but have . . .
NovelN6-(Substituted-phenylcarbamoyl)adenosine-5‘-uronamides as Potent Agonists for A3Adenosine Receptors (1996)

A series of adenosine-5'-uronamide derivatives bearing N6-phenylurea groups have been synthesized and tested for their affinity at A1 and A2A adenosine receptors in rat brain membranes and at cloned rat A3 receptors from stably transfected CHO cells. Some N6-arylcarbamoyl derivatives, N6-((2-chlorophenyl)carbamoyl)-, N6-((3-chlorophenyl)carbamoyl)-, and N6-((4-methoxyphenyl)carbamoyl)adenosine-5'-ethyluronamide (4l-n), were found to have affinity at A3 receptors in the low nanomolar range (Ki values < 10 nM). In CHO cells stably transfected with the rat A3 receptor, compound 4n was found to be a full agonist in inhibiting adenylate cyclase activity. The present study represents the first example of N6-acyl-substituted adenosine analogs having high affinity at adenosine receptors and, in particular, at the A3 receptor subtype.
Structural Analysis and Complete Physical Map of Arabidopsis thaliana Chromosome 5 Including Centromeric and Telomeric Regions (1999)

Previously, we have reported a fine physical map of Arabidopsis thaliana chromosome 5, except for the centromeric and telomeric regions, by ordering clones from YAC, P1, TAC, and BAC libraries of the genome consisting of the two contigs of upper arm and lower arm, 11.6 M bases and 14.2 M bases, respectively. Here, the remaining centromeric and telomeric regions of chromosome 5 are completely characterized by the ordering of clones and PCR amplifications. Chromosome 5 of Arabidopsis thaliana ecotype Columbia is about 28.4 M bases long. The centromeric region is estimated at about 2 M bases long between two 5S-rDNA clusters. The 180-bp repeat region mainly consists of blocks of 180-bp tandem family and various type retroelements dispersed over a 500-kb region. The telomeric regions of chromosome 5 are characterized by PCR cloning, sequencing and hybridization. The telomere repeats at both ends are about 2.5-kb long and interestingly, telomere-associated repeats (approximately 700 bp) are found near both ends of chromosome 5.
Identification of CD4+ T Cell-Specific Epitopes of Islet-Specific Glucose-6-Phosphatase Catalytic Subunit-Related Protein: A Novel β Cell Autoantigen in Type 1 Diabetes (2005)

Islet-specific glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit-related protein (IGRP) has been identified as a novel CD8(+) T cell-specific autoantigen in NOD mice. This study was undertaken to identify MHC class II-specific CD4(+) T cell epitopes of IGRP. Peptides named P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, and P7 were synthesized by aligning the IGRP protein amino acid sequence with peptide-binding motifs of the NOD MHC class II (I-A(g7)) molecule. Peptides P1, P2, P3, and P7 were immunogenic and induced both spontaneous and primed responses. IGRP peptides P1-, P2-, P3-, and P7-induced responses were inhibited by the addition of anti-MHC class II (I-A(g7)) Ab, confirming that the response is indeed I-A(g7) restricted. Experiments using purified CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells from IGRP peptide-primed mice also showed a predominant CD4(+) T cell response with no significant activation of CD8(+) T cells. T cells from P1-, P3-, and P7-primed mice secreted both IFN-gamma and IL-10 cytokines, whereas P2-primed cells secreted only IFN-gamma. Peptides P3 and P7 prevented the development of spontaneous diabetes and delayed adoptive transfer of diabetes. Peptides P1 and P2 delayed the onset of diabetes in both these models. In summary, we have identified two I-A(g7)-restricted CD4(+) T cell epitopes of IGRP that can modulate and prevent the development of diabetes in NOD mice. These results provide the first evidence on the role of IGRP-specific, MHC class II-restricted CD4(+) T cells in disease protection and may help in the development of novel therapies for type 1 diabetes.
The Tie2‐agonist Vasculotide Rescues Mice From Lethal Influenza Infection Even With Delayed Administration (2015)

Severe influenza infections are characterized by the acute respiratory distress syndrome, a disorder of lung microvascular leak that manifests as pulmonary edema and severe hypoxemic respiratory failure. We reasoned that buttressing the lung endothelium with Vasculotide (VT), a Tie2-agonist tetrameric peptide, might improve survival in a murine model of severe influenza. Male C57BL6J mice were infected intranasally with a lethal dose of human influenza (X31;H3N2 subtype) and monitored for survival. Mice received daily intraperitoneal injections of VT starting at 0, 1, 2, or 3 days after infection. Infection of mice with human influenza resulted in 100% lethality by day 8. In contrast, treatment with VT alone dramatically improved survival, even if started up to 3 days after infection [83% survival, p<0.01]. Increased survival in VT-treated mice was associated with reduced lung edema and significantly improved oxygenation. We established that VT displays no intrinsic antiviral activity both in vitro and using lung homogenates of infected mice. We found that VT treatment improved endothelial barrier strength and prevented endothelial apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. To prove that the mechanism of benefit from VT requires Tie2, we repeated the infection in Tie2+/- mice. In contrast to wild-type mice, VT did not significantly improve survival from influenza in Tie2+/- animals. These results demonstrate that enhancing endothelial barrier integrity by targeting Tie2 is a novel strategy for the management of severe influenza.
PerR controls Mn‐dependent resistance to oxidative stress inNeisseria gonorrhoeae (2006)

In previous studies it has been established that resistance to superoxide by Neisseria gonorrhoeae is dependent on the accumulation of Mn(II) ions involving the ABC transporter, MntABC. A mutant strain lacking the periplasmic binding protein component (MntC) of this transport system is hypersensitive to killing by superoxide anion. In this study the mntC mutant was found to be more sensitive to H2O2 killing than the wild-type. Analysis of regulation of MntC expression revealed that it was de-repressed under low Mn(II) conditions. The N. gonorrhoeae mntABC locus lacks the mntR repressor typically found associated with this locus in other organisms. A search for a candidate regulator of mntABC expression revealed a homologue of PerR, a Mn-dependent peroxide-responsive regulator found in Gram-positive organisms. A perR mutant expressed more MntC protein than wild-type, and expression was independent of Mn(II), consistent with a role for PerR as a repressor of mntABC expression. The PerR regulon of N. gonorrhoeae was defined by microarray analysis and includes ribosomal proteins, TonB-dependent receptors and an alcohol dehydrogenase. Both the mntC and perR mutants had reduced intracellular survival in a human cervical epithelial cell model.