gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Linkage analysis of geographic and clinical clusters in Pseudomonas cepacia infections by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis and ribotyping (1994)

Multilocus enzyme electrophoresis and ribotyping were used to characterize 83 strains of Pseudomonas cepacia, mostly isolated from cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, although a number of isolates from non-CF nosocomial infections and reference environmental strains were represented. Twenty enzyme electrophoretic types (ETs) were determined; of these, one clone (ET12) was associated with six of nine ribotypes (RTs) said to be geographically representative of the United Kingdom and all of the Ontario (Canada) isolates from CF patients. This clone was not associated with nosocomial infections or environmental strains and was never found in CF isolates from British Columbia or Nova Scotia, Canada, or a center in the eastern United States. Individual isolate EcoRI RT signatures did not cluster geographically as did the ET signatures by clonal analysis. Frequently RTs occurred in more than a single ET. Known point source focal nosocomial outbreaks were typified by single ETs and stable RTs. Dendrographic analysis of the strains grouped those strains from CF patients, nosocomial outbreaks, and environmental sources into separate ET families, and diversity analysis indicated that, with the exception of ET17, CF isolates clustered in unique and closely related ETs different from those from nosocomial and environmental sources. This study has also shown the potential of multilocus enzyme electrophoresis to monitor the intercontinental spread of P. cepacia strains in CF patients, and this may have a significant impact on plans for CF patient summer camps and design of infection control practices. Whether the intercontinental ET12 clone, which predominates in the United Kingdom and the province of Ontario, linked by summer camp acquisition, has increased virulence for CF patients remains to be established.
A Convenient Synthetic Method for Alpha-Alkylation of Steroidal 17-Ketone: Preparation of 16β(THPO-Heptyl)-Estradiol (1995)

Abstract A sequence of three key-steps (activation of steroidal 17-ketone, alkylation and decarboxyalkoxylation) provided an interesting synthetic device to obtain, after reduction, 16β-(THPO-heptyl)-estradiol.
A Method for Tissue Engineering of Cartilage by Cell Seeding on Bioresorbable Scaffolds (1999)

This chapter describes a method for the in vitro generation of a 3-dimensional cartilage matrix from articular chondrocytes seeded onto a bioresorbable polymeric scaffold. This particular growth system was chosen for the subject of this chapter owing to the relative simplicity of the methods required and the ease with which the necessary materials can be obtained. The tissue produced using this protocol is a cellular, metabolically active hyaline-like matrix, containing the major cartilage constituents: sulfated proteoglycan, collagen type II, and water. It serves as a useful in vitro tool for studying the influence of various mechanical and chemical factors on cartilage metabolism, as well as providing an implantable material for in vivo cartilage repair studies.
Trypanosoma brucei Cytochromec1 Is Imported into Mitochondria Along an Unusual Pathway (2003)

In most eukaryotic organisms, cytochrome c(1) is encoded in the nucleus, translated on cytosolic ribosomes, and directed to its final destination in the mitochondrial inner membrane by a bipartite, cleaved, amino-terminal presequence. However, in the kinetoplastids and euglenoids, the cytochrome c(1) protein has been shown to lack a cleaved presequence; a single methionine is removed from the amino terminus upon maturation, and the sequence upstream of the heme-binding site is generally shorter than that of the other eukaryotic homologs. We have used a newly developed mitochondrial protein import assay system from Trypanosoma brucei to demonstrate that the T. brucei cytochrome c(1) protein is imported along a non-conservative pathway similar to that described for the inner membrane carrier proteins of other organisms. This pathway requires external ATP and an external protein receptor but is not absolutely dependent on a membrane potential or on ATP hydrolysis in the mitochondrial matrix. We propose the cytochrome c(1) import in T. brucei is a two-step process first involving a membrane potential independent translocation across the outer mitochondrial membrane followed by heme attachment and a membrane potential-dependent insertion into the inner membrane.
Chemical catalysis of electrochemical reactions. Homogeneous catalysis of the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide by iron("0") porphyrins. Role of the addition of magnesium cations (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemical catalysis of electrochemical reactions. Homogeneous catalysis of the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide by iron("0") porphyrins. Role of the addition of magnesium cationsMohamed Hammouche, Doris Lexa, Michel Momenteau, and Jean Michel SaveantCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 22, 8455–8466Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00022a038https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00022a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3660Altmetric-Citations290LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Genetically Driven Assembly of Nanorings Based on the M13 Virus (2003)

One-dimensional ring structures from M13 viruses were constructed by two genetic modifications encoding binding peptides and synthesis of a heterobifunctional linker molecule. The bifunctional viruses displayed an anti-streptavidin peptide and hexahistidine peptide at opposite ends of the virus as pIII and pIX fusions. Stoichiometric addition of the streptavidin-NiNTA linker molecule led to the reversible formation of virus-based nanorings with circumferences corresponding to lengths of the packagable DNAs. These virus-based ring structures will be further engineered to nucleate inorganic materials and form metallic, magnetic, or semiconductor nanorings using trifunctionalized viruses.
FRUIT, a Scar-Free System for Targeted Chromosomal Mutagenesis, Epitope Tagging, and Promoter Replacement in Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica (2012)

Recombineering is a widely-used approach to delete genes, introduce insertions and point mutations, and introduce epitope tags into bacterial chromosomes. Many recombineering methods have been described, for a wide range of bacterial species. These methods are often limited by (i) low efficiency, and/or (ii) introduction of "scar" DNA into the chromosome. Here, we describe a rapid, efficient, PCR-based recombineering method, FRUIT, that can be used to introduce scar-free point mutations, deletions, epitope tags, and promoters into the genomes of enteric bacteria. The efficiency of FRUIT is far higher than that of the most widely-used recombineering method for Escherichia coli. We have used FRUIT to introduce point mutations and epitope tags into the chromosomes of E. coli K-12, Enterotoxigenic E. coli, and Salmonella enterica. We have also used FRUIT to introduce constitutive and inducible promoters into the chromosome of E. coli K-12. Thus, FRUIT is a versatile, efficient recombineering approach that can be applied in multiple species of enteric bacteria.
Iodothyronine 5′-Deiodinase from Rat Kidney: Substrate Specificity and the 5′-Deiodination of Reverse Triiodothyr onine * (1980)

Renal membranes (crude microsomal fraction) which catalyze the thiol-dependent outer ring deiodination of LT4 with the formation of L-T3 are also capable of the 5′-deiodination of rT3 with the production of equivalent amounts of I and 3,3′-T2. rT3 deiodination was followed by measuring the amount of 125I released from 125I-labeled (3′ or 5′-) L-rT3; iodide and iodothyronines were separated by a rapid method using Dowex 50W cation exchange columns. Iodide release was proportional to tissue concentration, was heat labile, and was unaffected by methylmercaptoimidazole. The reaction had a rapid phase (∼ 10–15 sec) which was unaffected by thiols and a slower thiol-dependent phase which was linear with time. Double reciprocal plots of product formation vs. rT3 concentration at fixed thiol concentrations yielded a family of parallel lines. Parallel lines were also obtained when the thiol concentration was variable and the rT3 concentration was fixed. These patterns of initial velocity kinetics resemble those obtained with L-T4 as a substrate. Limiting Michaelis constants Ka for rT3 and Kb, for dithiothreitol were 0.46 μM and 8.1 mM, respectively, and the V1 was 0.99 nmol I released protein-min; the Kb and V1 were at least 15 times greater than comparable values for T4 5′ deiodination whereas the Ka values for the iodothyronine substrates were nearly equivalent. Pretreatment of the renal microsomal fraction with 10 μ 6-propy1-2-thiouracil and increasing concentrations of rT3 resulted in increasing degrees of persistent 6-propyl-2-thiouracil inhibition of both T4 and rT3 5′-deiodination reactions. The substrates, T4 and rT3, were found to protect iodothyronine 5′-deiodinase from inactivation by iodoacetate. These findings are consistent with the idea that the same enzymecatalyzes the 5′-deiodination of both T4 and rT3, that measuring I release from rT3 is an effective method for assay of the enzymatic activity, and that thiol availability may determine the relative rates of T4 and rT3 metabolism via this enzyme.
Pattern on the antinuclear antibody–HEp‐2 test is a critical parameter for discriminating antinuclear antibody–positive healthy individuals and patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases (2010)

Our findings suggest that the titer, and especially the pattern, on the ANA-HEp-2 test strongly enhances our ability to discriminate ANA-positive healthy individuals and patients with ARDs.
Physical Properties of Hydrogels Synthesized from Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Templates (2003)

Recently, a considerable amount of research has centered on the synthesis of nanostructured hydrogels via the polymerization of monomers in lyotropic liquid crystal (LLC) phases. Because of the potential for controllable nanostructures, these materials have exhibited tremendous potential for a variety of applications. This work describes the impact of photopolymerization kinetics and polymer nanostructure on the physical properties of hydrogels synthesized from LLC templates. Both acrylamide and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) photopolymerize more rapidly in the highly ordered LLC phases, resulting in higher molecular weight polymers. The photopolymerization of these monomers in organized surfactant/water assemblies allow formation of highly ordered polymeric hydrogels. The ultimate physical properties appear to be a function of the different polymerization kinetics and polymer nanostructure. Nanostructured polyacrylamide hydrogels swell faster and to a greater extent than isotropic hydrogels. Compressive moduli are also higher for nanostructured polyacrylamide hydrogels when compared to isotropic analogues. The photopolymerization of HEMA results in nanostructured hydrogels, although some structural changes are evident. As a result of the different nanostructures, vastly different physical properties are observed. The isotropic polyHEMA hydrogels swell to a greater extent and considerably faster than any of the organized hydrogels. Additionally, the isotropic polyHEMA hydrogels exhibit higher compressive modulus than the hydrogels synthesized in the organized LLC phases. For both polyHEMA and polyacrylamide gels, different nanostructures produce different physical properties, implying that characteristics such as swelling and mechanical strength can be optimized simply by changing the parent LLC phase.
Connective tissue growth factor is an indicator of bone involvement in multiple myeloma, but matrix metalloproteinase‐9 is not (2007)

Bone disease (BD) in multiple myeloma (MM) is because of the activation of osteoclasts and impairment of osteoblast differentiation. Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is known to participate in the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells to committed osteoprogenitor cells. We analysed the concentration of circulating CTGF in 35 MM patients and 22 malignant lymphoma (ML) patients and 14 normal individuals. CTGF is protease-sensitive and thus is found as both an N-terminal half fragment (N-half CTGF) and whole (W-CTGF). Serum levels of W-CTGF and N-half CTGF + W-CTGF were determined by separate sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The level of W-CTGF was significantly lower (P < 0.005) in MM patients compared with ML patients and normal individuals, while N-half + W-CTGF was similar in all groups. Furthermore, W-CTGF was significantly lower in MM patients with BD compared with those without BD (P < 0.005) and this was independent of previous treatment. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 is produced by myeloma cells and is thought to be related to BD in MM. However, MMP-9 does not cleave CTGF and serum MMP-9 level was not related to BD in MM. Thus, CTGF is an indicator of BD in MM; its metabolism and function in MM should be clarified.
An International, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase 3 Trial of Intramuscular Alefacept in Patients With Chronic Plaque Psoriasis (2003)

Intramuscular administration of alefacept was a well-tolerated and effective therapy for chronic plaque psoriasis and thus represents a convenient alternative to intravenous dosing.
Acute physical dependence in humans: Repeated naloxone-precipitated withdrawal after a single dose of methadone (1991)

This paper reports the intensity and duration of acute physical dependence precipitated by naloxone administration following a single pre-treatment with the opioid against methadone (30 mg/70 kg, i.m.) in six non-dependent human volunteers with histories of prior opioid abuse. In a within-subject cross-over design, challenges of the antagonist naloxone (0.5-1.0 mg, i.m.) were administered at 6, 30 and 54 h, or at only 54 h after methadone pre-treatment. Acute physical dependence, as indicated by physiologic, subjective, and observer rated withdrawal, was seen in all subjects following active naloxone administration, was of nearly uniform intensity for a period of 6-54 h after acute methadone administration, and was not attenuated by prior naloxone administration.
A Cell-Based Systems Biology Assessment of Human Blood to Monitor Immune Responses after Influenza Vaccination (2015)

Systems biology is an approach to comprehensively study complex interactions within a biological system. Most published systems vaccinology studies have utilized whole blood or peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to monitor the immune response after vaccination. Because human blood is comprised of multiple hematopoietic cell types, the potential for masking responses of under-represented cell populations is increased when analyzing whole blood or PBMC. To investigate the contribution of individual cell types to the immune response after vaccination, we established a rapid and efficient method to purify human T and B cells, natural killer (NK) cells, myeloid dendritic cells (mDC), monocytes, and neutrophils from fresh venous blood. Purified cells were fractionated and processed in a single day. RNA-Seq and quantitative shotgun proteomics were performed to determine expression profiles for each cell type prior to and after inactivated seasonal influenza vaccination. Our results show that transcriptomic and proteomic profiles generated from purified immune cells differ significantly from PBMC. Differential expression analysis for each immune cell type also shows unique transcriptomic and proteomic expression profiles as well as changing biological networks at early time points after vaccination. This cell type-specific information provides a more comprehensive approach to monitor vaccine responses.
Anti-inflammatory effects of a topical preparation containing nicotinamide, retinol, and 7-dehydrocholesterol in patients with acne: a gene expression study (2012)

The combination of nicotinamide, retinol, and 7-dehydrocholesterol appears to be effective for acne treatment from both clinical and molecular standpoints.
A Bipolar-Input Thermoelectric Energy-Harvesting Interface With Boost/Flyback Hybrid Converter and On-Chip Cold Starter (2019)

This paper presents a bipolar-input thermoelectric energy-harvesting interface based on boost/flyback hybrid converter (BFHC). Two-type ring oscillators are combined to form as a complementary group with bipolar-input voltage operating range for self-start. With the technique of combining the boost converter and flyback converter together, the system is able to convert the energy with bipolar-input voltages. The open-circuit voltage maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method is adopted in this harvester to extract as much energy as possible from the thermoelectric generator. By dynamically adjusting the switching frequency according to the input power, the system achieves a high conversion efficiency with a wide input range. Implemented in 180-nm CMOS process, the harvester achieves a peak conversion efficiency of 84% at <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V_{{\text {TEG}}}=260$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mV and 79% at <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V_{{\text {TEG}}}=-300$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mV. In addition, the harvester can self-startup with minimum voltages of 129 mV with a positive input voltage and −140 mV with a negative input voltage.
α-Melanocyte-stimulating Hormone Signaling Regulates Expression of microphthalmia, a Gene Deficient in Waardenburg Syndrome (1998)

The pituitary peptide alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) stimulates melanocytes to up-regulate cAMP, but the downstream targets of cAMP are not well understood mechanistically. One consequence of alpha-MSH stimulation is increased melanization attributable to induction of pigmentation enzymes, including tyrosinase, which catalyzes a rate-limiting step in melanin synthesis. The tyrosinase promoter is a principle target of the melanocyte transcription factor Microphthalmia (Mi), a factor for which deficiency in humans causes Waardenburg syndrome II. We show here that both alpha-MSH and forskolin, a drug that increases cAMP, stimulate a rapid increase in Mi mRNA and protein levels in both melanoma cell lines and primary melanocytes. This up-regulation requires a cAMP-responsive element within the Mi promoter, and the pathway leading to Mi stimulation is subject to tight homeostatic regulation. Although cAMP signaling is ubiquitous, the Mi promoter was seen to be cAMP-responsive in melanocytes but not in nonmelanocytes. Moreover, dominant negative interference with Mi impeded successful alpha-MSH stimulation of tyrosinase. The regulation of Mi expression via alpha-MSH thus provides a direct mechanistic link to pigmentation. In addition, because the human melanocyte and deafness condition Waardenburg syndrome is sometimes caused by haploinsufficiency of Mi, its modulation by alpha-MSH suggests therapeutic strategies targeted at up-regulating the remaining wild type Mi allele.
Fluorescence of substituted 7-hydroxycoumarins (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFluorescence of substituted 7-hydroxycoumarinsWilliam R. Sherman and Eli. RobinsCite this: Anal. Chem. 1968, 40, 4, 803–805Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60260a045https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60260a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1363Altmetric-Citations69LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Porous, Conductive Metal‐Triazolates and Their Structural Elucidation by the Charge‐Flipping Method (2012)

A new family of porous crystals was prepared by combining 1H-1,2,3-triazole and divalent metal ions (Mg, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, and Zn) to give six isostructural metal-triazolates (termed MET-1 to 6). These materials are prepared as microcrystalline powders, which give intense X-ray diffraction lines. Without previous knowledge of the expected structure, it was possible to apply the newly developed charge-flipping method to solve the complex crystal structure of METs: all the metal ions are octahedrally coordinated to the nitrogen atoms of triazolate such that five metal centers are joined through bridging triazolate ions to form super-tetrahedral units that lie at the vertexes of a diamond-type structure. The variation in the size of metal ions across the series provides for precise control of pore apertures to a fraction of an Angstrom in the range 4.5 to 6.1 Å. MET frameworks have permanent porosity and display surface areas as high as some of the most porous zeolites, with one member of this family, MET-3, exhibiting significant electrical conductivity.
Structural Evidence for the Authenticity of the Human Retinoblastoma Gene (1987)

The retinoblastoma (Rb) gene is the prototype for a class of recessive human cancer genes in which loss of activity of both normal alleles is thought to be associated with tumorigenesis. Sixteen of 40 retinoblastomas examined with a complementary DNA probe shown to be the Rb gene had identifiable structural changes of the Rb gene including in some cases homozygous internal deletions with corresponding truncated transcripts. An osteosarcoma also had a homozygous internal deletion with a truncated transcript. In addition, possible hot spots for deletion were identified within the Rb genomic locus. Among those tumors with no identifiable structural changes there was either absence of an Rb transcript or abnormal expression of the Rb transcript. Comparison of the structural changes in the tumor cells and fibroblasts of certain patients provided support for Knudson's two-hit hypothesis for the development of retinoblastoma at the molecular level. The ability to detect germline structural deletions in fibroblasts from some patients with bilateral retinoblastoma also indicates that the isolated gene is useful for diagnostic purposes.