gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Small cell lung cancer and the influence of chemotherapy on CFUcs in bone marrow (1984)

To determine the optimal moment for the harvesting of bone marrow for autologous transplantation, the authors did serially colony forming units in culture (CFUc) counts in a group of 42 patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) before and after remission induction chemotherapy and subsequent maintenance chemotherapy. Disease stage did not influence the CFUc count except in patients with bone marrow metastases; this resulted in either abnormally low or abnormally high CFUc counts, probably dependent on the degree of invasion. After 2 courses of induction chemotherapy, the number of CFUcs was 3.1-fold higher than before therapy. After 4 courses, the CFUcs number was comparable to the pretreatment value. An inverse correlation was found between the degree of hematologic toxicity (expressed as leucocytes count) and the increase of CFUcs after induction chemotherapy. The number of CFUcs decreased during prolonged chemotherapy to low levels after 1 year. Harvesting of bone marrow is probably done best shortly after induction chemotherapy.
HLA class II transgenic mice authenticate restriction of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-specific immune response implicated in multiple sclerosis pathogenesis (2003)

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) is a potential target antigen of the central nervous system (CNS), known to induce autoreactive T cell response and demyelinating anti-MOG antibodies in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Association of HLA class II genes with MS is well established. To better understand the role of HLA class II molecules in disease pathogenesis, we generated transgenic mice that express HLA-DR2, -DR3, -DR4, -DQB1*0601, -DQB1*0604 and -DQ8 without mouse class II (Abeta(0)). We have for the first time characterized the T and B cell epitopes of human MOG restricted by different HLA class II molecules. Immunization with recombinant MOG (rMOG) generated a strong CD4(+) T cell-mediated response in an HLA class II-restricted manner. Cytokine analysis revealed an increase in pro-inflammatory (IFN-gamma, IL-12 and IL-6) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines. T cell autoreactivity to MOG was directed against peptides 1-20, 31-50, 61-80 and 91-110, of which three are also immunodominant epitopes for MOG in MS. A strong B cell response to MOG was observed in all transgenic mice, and major B cell epitopes recognized were located within amino acids 1-30, 51-80 and 101-120 of human MOG, which consists of two epitopes reported in MS. Transgenic mice used in this study recognized the immunodominant MOG epitopes similar to HLA class II-restricted human T cells, and would therefore be valuable in elucidating the roles of HLA class II genes and autoantigens in MS.
Allelic polymorphism and site‐specific recombination in the opc locus of Neisseria meningitidis (1996)

The opc gene is widespread in epidemic and endemic Neisseria meningitidis, but most strains of certain epidemic clones (ET-37 complex, Cluster A4) and a few random endemic isolates lack an opc gene. Four percent of the 1148 bp that contain opc plus the surrounding intergenic region was polymorphic (18 alleles), and many of the alleles contained a 230 bp insertion at a fixed location in the intergenic region. The presence or absence of the insertion reflects site-specific recombination. The alleles are stably inherited within clonal groupings for up to at least 50 years, with rare cases of horizontal genetic exchange. Most statistical methods indicated significant intragenic recombination events within this dataset.
Lattice Boltzmann model for simulation of magnetohydrodynamics (1991)

A numerical method, based on a discrete Boltzmann equation, is presented for solving the equations of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD). The algorithm provides advantages similar to the cellular automaton method in that it is local and easily adapted to parallel computing environments. Because of much lower noise levels and less stringent requirements on lattice size, the method appears to be more competitive with traditional solution methods. Examples show that the model accurately reproduces both linear and nonlinear MHD phenomena.
Design and fabrication of anatomical bioreactor systems containing alginate scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering. (2012)

The aim of the present study was to develop a tissue-engineering approach through alginate gel molding to mimic cartilage tissue in a three-dimensional culture system. The perfusion biomimetic bioreactor was designed to mimic natural joint. The shear stresses exerting on the bioreactor chamber were calculated by Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD). Several alginate/bovine chondrocyte constructs were prepared, and were cultured in the bioreactor. Histochemical and immunohistochemical staining methods for the presence of glycosaminoglycan(GAG), overall matrix production and type II collagen protein were performed, respectively. The dynamic mechanical device applied a linear mechanical displacement of 2 mm to 10 mm. The CFD modeling indicated peak velocity and maximum wall shear stress were 1.706×10(-3)m/s and 0.02407 dyne/cm(2), respectively. Histochemical and immunohistochemical analysis revealed evidence of cartilage-like tissue with lacunas similar to those of natural cartilage and the production of sulfated GAG of matrix by the chondrons, metachromatic territorial matrix-surrounded cells and accumulation of type II collagen around the cells. The present study indicated that when chondrocytes were seeded in alginate hydrogel and cultured in biomimetic cell culture system, cells survived well and secreted newly synthesized matrix led to improvement of chondrogenesis.
Plaque Assay for Ebola Virus (1981)

A plaque assay for Ebola virus is reported. The procedure has real potential for future research, although it is less sensitive than indirect fluorescent-antibody and mouse inoculation tests.
Expression analysis suggests novel roles for members of the Pht1 family of phosphate transporters in Arabidopsis (2002)

The completion of the Arabidopsis thaliana genome has revealed that there are nine members of the Pht1 family of phosphate transporters in this species. As a step towards identifying the role of this gene family in phosphorus nutrition, we have isolated the promoter regions from each of these genes, and fused them to the reporter genes beta-glucuronidase and/or green fluorescent protein. These chimeric genes have been introduced into A. thaliana, and reporter gene expression has been assayed in plants grown in soil containing high and low concentrations of inorganic phosphate (Pi). Four of these promoters were found to direct reporter gene expression in the root epidermis, and were induced under conditions of phosphate deprivation in a manner similar to previously characterised Pht1 genes. Other members of this family, however, showed expression in a range of shoot tissues and in pollen grains, which was confirmed by RT-PCR. We also provide evidence that the root epidermally expressed genes are expressed most strongly in trichoblasts, the primary sites for uptake of Pi. These results suggest that this gene family plays a wider role in phosphate uptake and remobilisation throughout the plant than was previously believed.
The Quaternary Lidocaine Derivative, QX-314, Produces Long-lasting Local Anesthesia in Animal Models In Vivo (2007)

In a randomized, controlled laboratory study, the quaternary lidocaine derivative, QX-314, concentration-dependently and reversibly produced long-lasting local anesthesia with a slow onset in animal models in vivo. The authors' results raise the possibility that quaternary ammonium compounds may produce clinically useful local anesthesia of long duration in humans and challenge the conventional notion that these agents are ineffective when applied extracellularly.
Organo-Silicon Polymers. The Cyclic Dimethyl Siloxanes* (1946)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOrgano-Silicon Polymers. The Cyclic Dimethyl Siloxanes*M. J. Hunter, J. F. Hyde, E. L. Warrick, and H. J. FletcherCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1946, 68, 4, 667–672Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1946Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1946https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01208a042https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01208a042research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views940Altmetric-Citations117LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
High expression of FLT3 is a risk factor in leukemia (2017)

Several studies have shown that internal tandem duplication (ITD) of FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) can result in the failure of leukemia treatment and contribute to a poor prognosis. However, the role of the overexpression of FLT3 in leukemia remains to be fully elucidated. By mining public database, the present study first identified that the expression of FLT3 in leukemia was markedly higher, compared with that in other types of tumor and cell lines, indicating that FLT3 is important in leukemia. In leukemia, FLT3 was found to be significantly upregulated in acute myeloid leukemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and a high expression of FLT3 contributed to reduced survival rates. By analyzing Gene Expression Omnibus and The Cancer Genome Atlas data, it was found that genetic alterations and modification of DNA methylation increased the expression of FLT3 in leukemia. FLT3‑ITD and FLT3 tyrosine kinase domain point mutations increased the expression of FLT3 in four independent datasets. In addition, the status of FLT3 gene methylation was negatively correlated with the expression of FLT3, and haploinsufficiency of DNA methyltransferase 1 increased the expression of Flt3 in mouse leukemia cells. By analyzing the enrichment of differentially‑expressed genes in chemical and genetic perturbation datasets, it was found that genes, which were upregulated in the FLT3 high expression group had myeloid lymphoid leukemia‑ and nucleophosmin 1‑like signatures, indicating that the overexpression of FLT3 may use the same mechanism to promote leukemia. Collectively, the results of the present study showed that the overexpression of FLT3 is a potential risk factor in leukemia.
Digital radiology using active matrix readout of amorphous selenium: Radiation hardness of cadmium selenide thin film transistors (1998)

A flat-panel x-ray imaging detector using active matrix readout of amorphous selenium (a-Se) is being investigated for digital radiography and fluoroscopy. The active matrix consists of a two-dimensional array of thin film transistors (TFTs). Radiation penetrating through the a-Se layer will interact with the TFTs and it is important to ensure that radiation induced changes will not affect the operation of the x-ray imaging detector. The methodology of the present work is to investigate the effects of radiation on the characteristic curves of the TFTs using individual TFT samples made with cadmium selenide (CdSe) semiconductor. Four characteristic parameters, i.e., threshold voltage, subthreshold swing, field effect mobility, and leakage current, were examined. This choice of parameters was based on the well established radiation damage mechanisms for crystalline silicon metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs), which have a similar principle of operation as CdSe TFTs. It was found that radiation had no measurable effect on the leakage current and the field effect mobility. However, radiation shifted the threshold voltage and increased the subthreshold swing. But even the estimated lifetime dose (50 Gy) of a diagnostic radiation detector will not affect the normal operation of an active matrix x-ray detector made with CdSe TFTs. The mechanisms of the effects of radiation will be discussed and compared with those for MOSFETs and hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) TFTs.
Efficacy and Safety of a 12-week Treatment with Twice-daily Aclidinium Bromide in COPD Patients (ACCORD COPD I) (2012)

This ACCORD I study (AClidinium in Chronic Obstructive Respiratory Disease I) was registered on clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00891462) as "Efficacy and Safety of Aclidinium Bromide for Treatment of Moderate to Severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)".
A design of next generation Gigabit MIMO wireless LAN system (2010)

This paper deals with a design of next generation Gigabit WLAN system based on IEEE802.11TGac's functional requirements. It achieves 1.1 Gbps throughput for 45 meter propagation distance with 80 MHz bandwidth on 5 GHz band. The proposed preamble ensures backward compatibility with the IEEE802.11a/n systems and has lower PAPR and comparable preamble efficiency with IEEE802.11n's preamble. It uses MIMO architecture to maintain both the high throughput and the high performance. Two options of channel encoder, binary convolutional code and low density parity check code are available to enhance the performance. Run test under in-door channel model demonstrates the excellent performance of the proposed system.
Inhibitory Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Binding Protein: Cloning, Complete Sequence, and Physiological Regulation (1990)

In this study we report the preparation of a human osteosarcoma cell cDNA library and describe the isolation and sequence determination of a clone encoding the complete sequence of a novel human insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-binding protein (hIGFBP-4). Previous work indicated that hIGFBP-4 is the predominant IGFBP expressed by human osteoblast-like cells, and that IGFBP-4 binds and inhibits the mitogenic activities of IGF-I and IGF-II. Sequence determination revealed that hIGFBP-4 is a unique gene product with significant amino- and carboxy-terminal sequence similarity to three other known IGFBPs. Identical alignment of 18 cysteines in IGFBP-4 and the three other IGFBPs is a key structural feature of this protein family. In vitro studies of human osteoblast-like cells suggest that PTH regulates the expression of hIGFBP-4 and that the PTH effect is mediated through a cAMP mechanism. hIGFBP-4 mRNA was also expressed in skin fibroblasts, and thus, this inhibitory IGFBP could be an important physiological regulator of IGF actions in bone cells and other cell types as well.
Systemic therapy for melanoma. (2010)

Advanced melanoma is a disease with a poor prognosis. Most of the currently available chemotherapy agents are ineffective. In contrast to other cancers, immune-based and novel, targeted therapies appear to have some effect in melanoma. Exciting research in the past few years holds hope for the future. We provide an overview of the current management principles of this condition with special emphasis on the emerging options in the systemic therapy of advanced disease.
Analgesia produced by normal doses of opioid antagonists alone and in combination with morphine (1989)

In a recent study [30] it was reported that naloxone, at doses normally employed for opioid antagonism, produced a dose-dependent analgesia in BALB/c mice in the formalin test. We report here that another opioid antagonists, naltrexone, also produces analgesia under these conditions. Female BALB/c mice were injected subcutaneously with naltrexone (0.01-1.0 mg/kg) or saline alone and tested for analgesia using the formalin test. Naltrexone produced a statistically significant dose-dependent analgesia, with an ED50 of 0.05 mg/kg and almost total analgesia at doses of 0.1 mg/kg or greater. To determine the relationship between naloxone analgesia and better documented forms of opioid analgesia, BALB/c mice were injected with naloxone or saline following the administration of a pre-determined ED50 for morphine and tested for analgesia using the tail-flick and formalin tests. Naloxone antagonized morphine analgesia in the tail-flick test at both doses used (0.3 and 10 mg/kg). In the formalin test, however, naloxone attenuated morphine analgesia at the lower doses (0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg) and potentiated morphine analgesia at the highest dose (10 mg/kg). The implications of this finding are discussed.
Alexandrite-laser-pumped Cr^3+:LiSrAlF_6 (1992)

Alexandrite pumping of Cr3+:LiSrAlF6 (Cr:LiSAF) is investigated by studying the most probable limiting parameters, including gain, optical damage, and heat load capacity. An alexandrite-pumped, 200-mJ, Q-switched Cr:LiSAF oscillator–amplifier has been demonstrated.
1996 Index IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems Vol. 32 (1996)

This index covers all technical items - papers, correspondence, reviews, etc. - that appeared in this periodical during the year, and items from previous years that were commented upon or corrected in this year. Departments and other items may also be covered if they have been judged to have archival value. The Author Index contains the primary entry for each item, listed under the first author's name. The primary entry includes the co-authors' names, the title of the paper or other item, and its location, specified by the publication abbreviation, year, month, and inclusive pagination. The Subject Index contains entries describing the item under all appropriate subject headings, plus the first author's name, the publication abbreviation, month, and year, and inclusive pages. Note that the item title is found only under the primary entry in the Author Index.
Transcription Factor AP-2α Is Preferentially Cleaved by Caspase 6 and Degraded by Proteasome during Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha-Induced Apoptosis in Breast Cancer Cells (2001)

Several reports have linked activating protein 2alpha (AP-2alpha) to apoptosis, leading us to hypothesize that AP-2alpha is a substrate for caspases. We tested this hypothesis by examining the effects of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) on the expression of AP-2 in breast cancer cells. Here, we provide evidence that TNF-alpha downregulates AP-2alpha and AP-2gamma expression posttranscriptionally during TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis. Both a general caspase antagonist (zVADfmk) and a caspase 6-preferred antagonist (zVEIDfmk) inhibited TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis and AP-2alpha downregulation. In vivo tests showed that AP-2alpha was cleaved by caspases ahead of the DNA fragmentation phase of apoptosis. Recombinant caspase 6 cleaved AP-2alpha preferentially, although caspases 1 and 3 also cleaved it, albeit at 50-fold or higher concentrations. Activated caspase 6 was detected in TNF-alpha-treated cells, thus confirming its involvement in AP-2alpha cleavage. All three caspases cleaved AP-2alpha at asp(19) of the sequence asp-arg-his-asp (DRHD(19)). Mutating D(19) to A(19) abrogated AP-2alpha cleavage by all three caspases. TNF-alpha-induced cleavage of AP-2alpha in vivo led to AP-2alpha degradation and loss of DNA-binding activity, both of which were prevented by pretreatment with zVEIDfmk. AP-2alpha degradation but not cleavage was inhibited in vivo by PS-431 (a proteasome antagonist), suggesting that AP-2alpha is degraded subsequent to cleavage by caspase 6 or caspase 6-like enzymes. Cells transfected with green fluorescent protein-tagged mutant AP-2alpha are resistant to TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis, further demonstrating the link between caspase-mediated cleavage of AP-2alpha and apoptosis. This is the first report to demonstrate that degradation of AP-2alpha is a critical event in TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis. Since the DRHD sequence in vertebrate AP-2 is widely conserved, its cleavage by caspases may represent an important mechanism for regulating cell survival, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis.
Binding of Hepatitis C Virus to CD81 (1998)

Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection occurs in about 3 percent of the world's population and is a major cause of liver disease. HCV infection is also associated with cryoglobulinemia, a B lymphocyte proliferative disorder. Virus tropism is controversial, and the mechanisms of cell entry remain unknown. The HCV envelope protein E2 binds human CD81, a tetraspanin expressed on various cell types including hepatocytes and B lymphocytes. Binding of E2 was mapped to the major extracellular loop of CD81. Recombinant molecules containing this loop bound HCV and antibodies that neutralize HCV infection in vivo inhibited virus binding to CD81 in vitro.
Novel A,B,E-Ring-Modified Camptothecins Displaying High Lipophilicity and Markedly Improved Human Blood Stabilities (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVLetterNEXTNovel A,B,E-Ring-Modified Camptothecins Displaying High Lipophilicity and Markedly Improved Human Blood StabilitiesDavid Bom, Dennis P. Curran, Ashok J. Chavan, Stefan Kruszewski, Stephen G. Zimmer, Kimberly A. Fraley, and Thomas G. BurkeView Author Information Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, Tigen Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Lexington, Kentucky 40506, and Division of Pharmaceutics Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, and Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506 Cite this: J. Med. Chem. 1999, 42, 16, 3018–3022Publication Date (Web):July 22, 1999Publication History Received6 May 1999Published online22 July 1999Published inissue 1 August 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm9902279https://doi.org/10.1021/jm9902279rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views524Altmetric-Citations62LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Anatomy,Lactones,Magnetic properties,Stability,Vesicles Get e-Alerts
Mesenchymal stromal cells. Biology of adult mesenchymal stem cells: regulation of niche, self-renewal and differentiation. (2007)

Recent advances in understanding the cellular and molecular signaling pathways and global transcriptional regulators of adult mesenchymal stem cells have provided new insights into their biology and potential clinical applications, particularly for tissue repair and regeneration. This review focuses on these advances, specifically in the context of self-renewal and regulation of lineage-specific differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. In addition we review recent research on the concept of stem cell niche, and its relevance to adult mesenchymal stem cells.
Capecitabine as Adjuvant Treatment for Stage III Colon Cancer (2005)

Oral capecitabine is an effective alternative to intravenous fluorouracil plus leucovorin in the adjuvant treatment of colon cancer.