The Pharyngeal Critical Pressure (1996)

apnea/hypopnea index continuous positive airway pressure nonrapid eye movement critical pressure pressure downstream to the collapsible segment esophageal pressure pressure within the segment nasal mask pressure pressure outside collapsible segment pressure upstream to the collapsible segment resistance of portion of tube upstream to site of collapse upper airway resistance syndrome uvulopalatopharyngoplasty maximal inspiratory flow maximal flow Obstructive sleep apnea collapse of the of sleep of sleep apnea collapse sleep sleep of airway sleep of sleep upper airway sleep sleep of upper airway sleep the of the of of sleep sleep to sleep sleep of the collapse sleep to collapse sleep sleep nasal continuous positive airway pressure to the of sleep continuous positive pressure the of sleep continuous positive pressure of nasal the sleep of the nasal to of nasal of continuous positive airway pressure sleep of of nasal sleep of sleep apnea to nasal to the of sleep the of sleep sleep the sleep sleep of sleep of upper airway sleep apnea sleep apnea sleep apnea of sleep the to the sleep apnea of sleep of sleep sleep of of the of sleep upper airway sleep sleep apnea of of the of nasal to the of the of sleep apnea of the of the of sleep apnea the the to nasal the sleep the sleep apnea to of to to to to sleep apnea the to the the of of airway sleep the the of sleep apnea to sleep apnea the to to sleep nasal of sleep apnea of collapsible collapse of the collapse the of the flow of collapsible collapse of of maximal flow the of the collapse of the nasal inspiratory nasal inspiratory flow nasal collapse of of flow to collapse of of of flow of the of of flow collapsible to the the sleep sleep the to the the of sleep of the of the to nasal of flow collapsible of the to the of the airway collapsible of tube tube collapsible segment within the pressure the outside the collapsible segment the segment within the collapsible the pressure within the segment the segment the the the segment the the of collapse to the the critical pressure of the the collapsible segment of tube the of flow the collapsible the pressure within the pressure of upstream to the collapsible segment the segment flow the flow the to the of to of the of of flow to the of to the the collapsible segment flow the pressure downstream to the collapsible segment the downstream of the collapsible segment to pressure the pressure the site of collapse to the site the pressure the site to of the pressure the segment pressure the site to to collapse the flow to of the flow the pressure the site to the site the the downstream of the collapsible segment collapse of the collapsible segment flow the of the segment the pressure downstream the pressure flow the tube of the downstream pressure flow the pressure flow flow maximal of the collapsible segment the the resistance of the portion of the tube upstream to the site of collapse of the collapsible segment flow the tube the site collapse of the flow the tube to to of the of of flow to the of the of flow the of the collapsible the flow the of the the of the pressure upstream to the collapsible segment maximal flow the tube the the tube of the pressure downstream the collapsible segment the of flow the the pressure downstream the collapsible segment to the pressure the collapsible segment the the collapsible segment flow the flow the tube the the resistance of the tube the upstream downstream to to of the of of flow to of the airway collapsible tube the to the the to the of the the airway the of the airway to to airway of the the upper airway tube to of the the the to the flow the airway sleep the of flow collapsible the airway of sleep of the of the of collapsible sleep apnea airway of the airway apnea of the airway of sleep airway the collapse of airway of the airway the of the collapsible segment of the airway of the the of inspiratory of sleep to the airway sleep airway collapsible tube sleep the of collapsible the of the airway of sleep apnea the airway the of the to the airway the collapsible segment of the the of the airway the of the to of the the airway apnea of the collapsible tube the airway the of the airway apnea the of the of the to the the to the the pressure the collapsible segment of the to the of the airway collapsible of the airway of the the airway the the pressure the the the airway pressure to the pressure the airway the to the to collapse the index of airway the the collapsible the the airway the of the airway airway collapsible to the to Obstructive the of nasal pressure to the the pressure to pressure the the airway the the pressure downstream the collapsible segment of the the collapse of the to flow the downstream pressure the collapse flow the the of the sleep apnea sleep nasal inspiratory to the the of the esophageal pressure sleep apnea the the of inspiratory the the the inspiratory to maximal of the of downstream pressure of inspiratory pressure the of inspiratory flow downstream pressure of the pressure inspiratory flow sleep sleep the upper airway the of collapsible the nasal esophageal pressure nasal mask pressure of sleep apnea sleep the airway apnea inspiratory flow to of maximal inspiratory flow to airway maximal inspiratory flow of the of inspiratory to nasal to of to the sleep apnea to the of to the airway sleep the of to sleep the the of sleep apnea the of the airway to of collapsible tube to apnea the of the of collapsible the of the airway to sleep apnea inspiratory flow the airway of collapsible the of airway of upper airway nasal the nasal pressure of nasal mask to nonrapid eye movement sleep inspiratory of flow of of the to the the of the airway inspiratory the sleep apnea the of the to the airway sleep the of the airway of flow collapsible the of sleep apnea pressure collapsible collapsible the of maximal inspiratory flow to nasal mask pressure of nasal mask of of to the the of to to of upper airway nasal apnea the sleep of pressure nasal mask the of inspiratory inspiratory mask of upper airway nasal the of the of of upper airway nasal of inspiratory airway collapse flow of flow the to apnea the of of upper airway nasal of sleep sleep apnea sleep airway sleep of sleep apnea of pressure to of sleep of the of maximal flow the the of the the the of airway of the upper of the of of to the syndrome of airway the of sleep airway sleep sleep apnea syndrome to upper airway resistance of the upper airway resistance syndrome of sleep inspiratory flow sleep sleep sleep nasal inspiratory the of of to the of to of of the sleep the to of the of to Obstructive the of the airway collapsible of the inspiratory flow of inspiratory to sleep pressure of of sleep apnea to the site of collapse of the pressure of to of nasal nasal of airway of continuous positive airway pressure of sleep of sleep of sleep the the to the sleep of sleep apnea to to to of the of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty the the of sleep apnea of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty upper airway sleep of upper airway sleep of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty upper airway sleep the the to to sleep the of the of the of upper airway sleep apnea sleep apnea sleep apnea the of to the of the to the of sleep apnea the to of to of of to to to the apnea the to the the the to of sleep of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty upper airway sleep the of to the of sleep to the sleep apnea of sleep sleep the sleep to sleep sleep the sleep to to the sleep the airway the of of upper airway sleep the of the of to sleep the the of the of of sleep apnea the of the airway to the of the the the sleep the of the of upper airway sleep the of the the of the to the the of of the the of the to sleep the of sleep to of of upper airway sleep the of of upper airway sleep the to the of of index of to index of of to of of to of the of the the of to to the the the the sleep the of the sleep to sleep apnea nasal to the to to sleep apnea to the the of the of to the the of to to to to to the sleep the to the of sleep the of of the nasal of sleep the the of inspiratory the of the sleep sleep the of to apnea the nasal the the of the the airway of mask pressure the mask pressure the to the of the airway the mask pressure the the of of to sleep the maximal inspiratory flow nasal mask pressure the the critical pressure of of to to the of to the of of upper airway the the to the the the of sleep the of the of sleep to the of the of the to to the of sleep the to the of the of the the of sleep to the to to of the of of of the of the the sleep apnea of flow collapsible to the airway of the of sleep apnea to the to to to the to the of the of sleep Obstructive sleep apnea collapse of the of sleep of sleep apnea collapse sleep sleep of airway sleep of sleep upper airway sleep sleep of upper airway sleep the of the of of sleep sleep to sleep sleep of the collapse sleep to collapse sleep sleep nasal continuous positive airway pressure to the of sleep continuous positive pressure the of sleep continuous positive pressure of nasal the sleep of the nasal to of nasal of continuous positive airway pressure sleep of of nasal sleep of sleep apnea to nasal to the of sleep the of sleep sleep the sleep sleep of sleep of upper airway sleep apnea sleep apnea sleep apnea of sleep the to the sleep apnea of sleep of sleep sleep of of the of sleep upper airway sleep sleep apnea of of the of nasal to the of the of sleep apnea of the of the of sleep apnea the the to nasal the sleep the sleep apnea to of to to to to sleep apnea the to the the of of airway sleep the the of sleep apnea to sleep apnea the to to sleep nasal of sleep apnea of collapsible collapse of the collapse the of the flow of collapsible collapse of of maximal flow the of the collapse of the nasal inspiratory nasal inspiratory flow nasal collapse of of flow to collapse of of of flow of the of of flow collapsible to the the sleep sleep the to the the of sleep of the of the to nasal of flow collapsible of the to the of the airway collapsible of tube tube collapsible segment within the pressure the outside the collapsible segment the segment within the collapsible the pressure within the segment the segment the the the segment the the of collapse to the the critical pressure of the the collapsible segment of tube the of flow the collapsible the pressure within the pressure of upstream to the collapsible segment the segment flow the flow the to the of to of the of of flow to the of to the the collapsible segment flow the pressure downstream to the collapsible segment the downstream of the collapsible segment to pressure the pressure the site of collapse to the site the pressure the site to of the pressure the segment pressure the site to to collapse the flow to of the flow the pressure the site to the site the the downstream of the collapsible segment collapse of the collapsible segment flow the of the segment the pressure downstream the pressure flow the tube of the downstream pressure flow the pressure flow flow maximal of the collapsible segment the the resistance of the portion of the tube upstream to the site of collapse of the collapsible segment flow the tube the site collapse of the flow the tube to to of the of of flow to the of the of flow the of the collapsible the flow the of the the of flow the the pressure downstream the collapsible segment to the pressure the collapsible segment the the collapsible segment flow the flow the tube the the resistance of the tube the upstream downstream to to of the of of flow to of sleep apnea of collapsible collapse of the collapse the of the flow of collapsible collapse of of maximal flow the of the collapse of the nasal inspiratory nasal inspiratory flow nasal collapse of of flow to collapse of of of flow of the of of flow collapsible to the the sleep sleep the to the the of sleep of the of the to nasal of flow collapsible of the to the of the airway collapsible of tube tube collapsible segment within the pressure the outside the collapsible segment the segment within the collapsible the pressure within the segment the segment the the the segment the the of collapse to the the critical pressure of the the collapsible segment of tube the of flow the collapsible the pressure within the pressure of upstream to the collapsible segment the segment flow the flow the to the of to of the of of flow to the of to the the collapsible segment flow the pressure downstream to the collapsible segment the downstream of the collapsible segment to pressure the pressure the site of collapse to the site the pressure the site to of the pressure the segment pressure the site to to collapse the flow to of the flow the pressure the site to the site the the downstream of the collapsible segment collapse of the collapsible segment flow the of the segment the pressure downstream the pressure flow the tube of the downstream pressure flow the pressure flow flow maximal of the collapsible segment the the resistance of the portion of the tube upstream to the site of collapse of the collapsible segment flow the tube the site collapse of the flow the tube to to of the of of flow to the of the of flow the of the collapsible the flow the of the the of flow the the pressure downstream the collapsible segment to the pressure the collapsible segment the the collapsible segment flow the flow the tube the the resistance of the tube the upstream downstream to to of the of of flow to of the airway collapsible tube the to the the to the of the the airway the of the airway to to airway of the the upper airway tube to of the the the to the flow the airway sleep the of flow collapsible the airway of sleep of the of the of collapsible sleep apnea airway of the airway apnea of the airway of sleep airway the collapse of airway of the airway the of the collapsible segment of the airway of the the of inspiratory of sleep to the airway sleep airway collapsible tube sleep the of collapsible the of the airway the of the to of the the airway apnea of the collapsible tube the airway the of the airway apnea the of the of the to the the to the the pressure the collapsible segment of the to the of the airway collapsible of the airway of the the airway the the pressure the the the airway pressure to the pressure the airway the to the to collapse the index of airway the the collapsible the the airway the of the airway airway collapsible to the to Obstructive the of nasal pressure to the the pressure to pressure the the airway the the pressure downstream the collapsible segment of the the collapse of the to flow the downstream pressure the collapse flow the the of the sleep apnea sleep nasal inspiratory to the the of the esophageal pressure sleep apnea the the of inspiratory the the the inspiratory to maximal of the of downstream pressure of inspiratory pressure the of inspiratory flow downstream pressure of the pressure inspiratory flow sleep sleep the upper airway the of collapsible the nasal esophageal pressure nasal mask pressure of sleep apnea sleep the airway apnea inspiratory flow to of maximal inspiratory flow to airway maximal inspiratory flow of the of inspiratory to nasal to of to the sleep apnea to the of to the airway sleep the of to sleep the the of sleep apnea the of the airway to of collapsible tube to apnea the of the of collapsible the of the airway to sleep apnea inspiratory flow the airway of collapsible the of airway of upper airway nasal the nasal pressure of nasal mask to nonrapid eye movement sleep inspiratory of flow of of the to the the of the airway inspiratory the sleep apnea the of the to the airway sleep the of the airway of flow collapsible the of sleep apnea pressure collapsible collapsible the of maximal inspiratory flow to nasal mask pressure of nasal mask of of to the the of to to of upper airway nasal apnea the sleep of pressure nasal mask the of inspiratory inspiratory mask of upper airway nasal the of the of of upper airway nasal of inspiratory airway collapse flow of flow the to apnea the of of upper airway nasal of sleep sleep apnea sleep airway sleep of sleep apnea of pressure to of sleep of the of maximal flow the the of the the the of airway of the upper of the of of to the syndrome of airway the of sleep airway sleep sleep apnea syndrome to upper airway resistance of the upper airway resistance syndrome of sleep inspiratory flow sleep sleep sleep nasal inspiratory the of of to the of to of of the sleep the to of the of to of the airway collapsible tube the to the the to the of the the airway the of the airway to to airway of the the upper airway tube to of the the the to the flow the airway sleep the of flow collapsible the airway of sleep of the of the of collapsible sleep apnea airway of the airway apnea of the airway of sleep airway the collapse of airway of the airway the of the collapsible segment of the airway of the the of inspiratory of sleep to the airway sleep airway collapsible tube sleep the of collapsible the of the airway the of the to of the the airway apnea of the collapsible tube the airway the of the airway apnea the of the of the to the the to the the pressure the collapsible segment of the to the of the airway collapsible of the airway of the the airway the the pressure the the the airway pressure to the pressure the airway the to the to collapse the index of airway the the collapsible the the airway the of the airway airway collapsible to airway of sleep of the of the of collapsible sleep apnea airway of the airway apnea of the airway of sleep airway the collapse of airway of the airway the of the collapsible segment of the airway of the the of inspiratory of sleep to the airway sleep airway collapsible tube sleep the of collapsible the of the airway the of the to of the the airway apnea of the collapsible tube the airway the of the airway apnea the of the of the to the the to the the pressure the collapsible segment of the to the of the airway collapsible of the airway of the the airway the the pressure the the the airway pressure to the pressure the airway the to the to collapse the index of airway the the collapsible the the airway the of the airway airway collapsible to the to Obstructive the of nasal pressure to the the pressure to pressure the the airway the the pressure downstream the collapsible segment of the the collapse of the to flow the downstream pressure the collapse flow the the of the sleep apnea sleep nasal inspiratory to the the of the esophageal pressure sleep apnea the the of inspiratory the the the inspiratory to maximal of the of downstream pressure of inspiratory pressure the of inspiratory flow downstream pressure of the pressure inspiratory flow sleep sleep the upper airway the of collapsible of inspiratory to nasal to of to the sleep apnea to the of to the airway sleep the of to sleep the the of sleep apnea the of the airway to of collapsible tube to apnea the of nasal pressure to the the pressure to pressure the the airway the the pressure downstream the collapsible segment of the the collapse of the to flow the downstream pressure the collapse flow the the of the sleep apnea sleep nasal inspiratory to the the of the esophageal pressure sleep apnea the the of inspiratory the the the inspiratory to maximal of the of downstream pressure of inspiratory pressure the of inspiratory flow downstream pressure of the pressure inspiratory flow sleep sleep the upper airway the of collapsible of inspiratory to nasal to of to the sleep apnea to the of to the airway sleep the of to sleep the the of sleep apnea the of the airway to of collapsible tube to apnea the of the of collapsible the of the airway to sleep apnea inspiratory flow the airway of collapsible the of airway of upper airway nasal the nasal pressure of nasal mask to nonrapid eye movement sleep inspiratory of flow of of the to the the of the airway inspiratory the sleep apnea the of the to the airway sleep the of the airway of flow collapsible the of sleep apnea pressure collapsible collapsible apnea the sleep of pressure nasal mask the of inspiratory inspiratory mask of upper airway nasal the of the of of upper airway nasal of inspiratory airway collapse flow of flow the to apnea the of of upper airway nasal of sleep sleep apnea sleep airway sleep of sleep apnea of pressure to of sleep of the of maximal flow the the of the the the of airway of the upper of the of of to the syndrome of airway the of sleep airway sleep sleep apnea syndrome to upper airway resistance of the upper airway resistance syndrome of sleep inspiratory flow sleep sleep sleep nasal inspiratory the of of to the of to of of the sleep the to of the of to the of collapsible the of the airway to sleep apnea inspiratory flow the airway of collapsible the of airway of upper airway nasal the nasal pressure of nasal mask to nonrapid eye movement sleep inspiratory of flow of of the to the the of the airway inspiratory the sleep apnea the of the to the airway sleep the of the airway of flow collapsible the of sleep apnea pressure collapsible collapsible the of the of of upper airway nasal of inspiratory airway collapse flow of flow the to apnea the of of upper airway nasal of sleep sleep apnea sleep airway sleep of sleep apnea of pressure to of sleep of the of maximal flow the the of of to the syndrome of airway the of sleep airway sleep sleep apnea syndrome to upper airway resistance of the upper airway resistance syndrome of sleep inspiratory flow sleep sleep sleep nasal inspiratory the of of to the of to of of the sleep the to of the of to Obstructive the of the airway collapsible of the inspiratory flow of inspiratory to sleep pressure of of sleep apnea to the site of collapse of the pressure of to of nasal nasal of airway of continuous positive airway pressure of sleep of sleep of sleep the the to the sleep of sleep apnea to to to of the of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty the the of sleep apnea of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty upper airway sleep of upper airway sleep of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty upper airway sleep the the to to sleep the of the of the of upper airway sleep apnea sleep apnea sleep apnea the of to the of the to the of sleep apnea the to of to of of to to to the apnea the to the the of to the of sleep to the sleep apnea of sleep sleep the sleep to sleep sleep the sleep to to the sleep the airway the of of upper airway sleep the of the of to sleep the the of the of of sleep apnea the of the airway to the of the the the sleep the of the of upper airway sleep the of the the of the to the the of of the the of the to sleep the of sleep to of of upper airway sleep the of of upper airway sleep the to the of of index of to index of of to of of to of the of the the of to to the the the the sleep the of the sleep to sleep apnea nasal to the to to sleep apnea to the the of the of to the the of to to to to to the sleep the of the airway collapsible of the inspiratory flow of inspiratory to sleep pressure of of sleep apnea to the site of collapse of the pressure of to of nasal nasal of airway of continuous positive airway pressure of sleep of sleep of sleep the the to the sleep of sleep apnea to to to of the of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty the the of sleep apnea of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty upper airway sleep of upper airway sleep of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty upper airway sleep the the to to sleep the of the of the of upper airway sleep apnea sleep apnea sleep apnea the of to the of the to the of sleep apnea the to of to of of to to to the apnea the to the the of to the of sleep to the sleep apnea of sleep sleep the sleep to sleep sleep the sleep to to the sleep the airway the of of upper airway sleep the of the of to sleep the the of the of of sleep apnea the of the airway to the of the of the the of the to the the of of the the of the to sleep the of of upper airway sleep the to the of of index of to index of of to of of to of the of the the of to to the the the the sleep the of the sleep to sleep apnea nasal to the to to sleep apnea to the the of the of to the the of to to to to to the sleep the to the of sleep the of of the nasal of sleep the the of inspiratory the of the sleep sleep the of to apnea the nasal the the of the the airway of mask pressure the mask pressure the to the of the airway the mask pressure the the of of to sleep the of of upper airway the the to the the the of sleep the of the of sleep to the of the of the to to the of sleep the to the of the of the the of sleep to the to to of the of of of the of the the sleep apnea of flow collapsible to the airway of the of sleep apnea to the to to to the to the of the of sleep to the of sleep the of of the nasal of sleep the the of inspiratory the of the sleep sleep the of to apnea the nasal the the of the the airway of mask pressure the mask pressure the to the of the airway the mask pressure the the of of to sleep the of of upper airway the the to the the the of sleep the of the of sleep to the of the of the to to the of sleep the to the of the of the the of sleep to the to to of the of of of the of the the sleep apnea of flow collapsible to the airway of the of sleep apnea to the to to to the to the of the of sleep