gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cyclic GMP down-regulates atrial natriuretic peptide receptors on cultured vascular endothelial cells (1991)

Down-regulation of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) receptors was investigated using a cultured bovine pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cell line. Endothelial cells have been shown to possess two subtypes of ANP receptors, a guanylate cyclase-coupled receptor (B-receptor) and a clearance receptor (C-receptor). The treatment with APIII, rat ANP (103-126), at concentrations of 10(-8) to 10(-6) M for 24 h, resulted in a significantly (p less than 0.01) greater decrease in maximum 125I-APIII binding to CPAE cells than the identical concentration of API, rat ANP (103-123). APIII at concentrations of 10(-8) to 10(-6) M stimulated cyclic GMP (cGMP) production 3.3-17.5-fold greater than similar concentrations of API. From these findings, we hypothesized that cGMP produced following ANP binding to the B-receptor participates in ANP receptor regulation. M&B 22948, a selective inhibitor of cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase, significantly (p less than 0.01) potentiated the effect of both API and APIII on 125I-APIII binding, while M&B 22948 itself had no significant effect on 125I-APIII binding. Treatment of the cells with 1 mM 8-bromo-cGMP also significantly (p less than 0.01) decreased 125I-APIII binding to the cells, and a potentiation of this effect was observed by M&B 22948. Scatchard analysis of binding data from 8-bromo-cGMP-treated cells showed a significant decrease in Bmax (1.79 +/- 0.15 to 1.20 +/- 0.07 fmol/mg protein, p less than 0.05) without a significant change in Kd. Affinity cross-linking of 125I-APIII to 8-bromo-cGMP-treated cells showed a decrease in the labeling of 60- and 70-kDa bands corresponding to the C-receptor. In addition, the APIII-stimulated cGMP response remained unchanged in the 8-bromo-cGMP-treated cells, indicating that the B-receptor was not down-regulated. We conclude that cGMP regulates ANP-binding sites on the endothelial cell and that the evidence indicates that the C-receptor may preferentially be down-regulated by cGMP in CPAE cells.
Convenient Synthesis of 68Ga‐Labeled Gadolinium(III) Complexes: Towards Bimodal Responsive Probes for Functional Imaging with PET/MRI (2013)

A killer application? Recently, fully integrated full-body positron-emission tomography (PET) and magnetic-resonance imaging (MRI) scanners were brought to market, allowing simultaneous recording of complementary 3D data sets. By using bimodal PET/MRI probes (see figure), in vivo 3D mapping of various parameters with medical relevance could become feasible.
Optimizing the crystal environment through extended x-ray absorption fine structure to increase the luminescent lifetimes of Er3+ doped Y2O3 nanoparticles (2012)

To predict and optimize luminescence efficiency of rare-earth ion doped (RE) nanophosphors, a relationship between the RE-concentration and the luminescent parameters is often obtained by Judd-Ofelt analysis, where the quality factor (χ=Ω4/Ω6) depends on the Er interactions with other RE elements in the second nearest neighboring shell. In this work, a detailed analysis of the local bonding environment by extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) analyses is shown as effective as the Judd-Ofelt analysis to quantify the Er↔RE interaction in the second nearest neighboring shell (ρN=IREr↔RE2/IREr↔RE1). As the physical basis of ρN is consistent to that of χ, the EXAFS analysis becomes a viable alternative to replace Judd-Ofelt analysis to predict the optimum dopant concentration. This approach was corroborated based on analysis of Er3+:Y2O3 and core-shell Er3+:Y2O3|Y2O3 (5 nm shell) nanoparticles (NPs), with Er3+ concentrations up to 20 mol %. The ρN ratio from EXAFS analysis was shown to strongly correlate to the lifetimes extracted from the Judd-Ofelt analysis, both predicting the optimal dopant concentrations to be at 5 mol % and 2 mol % for the Er3+:Y2O3 and core-shell NPs, respectively. This confirms that EXAFS analysis can be used as a more time efficient method to achieve the same outcome typically obtained by Judd-Ofelt analysis, enabling the optimization of the luminescent lifetimes of RE doped nano-phosphors.
Information Extraction Techniques for Postal Address Standardization (2005)

The unique frames of reference of humans result in various definitions of the same details. They develop addresses of same places in different ways, which might result in inconsistent format of addresses ultimately leading to misapprehensions. A major motivation for standardization of the addresses is cleansing of addresses in data warehouses. Since almost every organization deals with a variety of addresses of its customers and employees therefore, a consistent format of addresses can ensure better knowledge of the organization about its customers. This paper presents various information extraction techniques which can also be used in address standardization. It focuses on a statistical model, hidden Markov model (HMM), and two rule-based methods, RAPIER and GRID that extract information from free text. The paper also discusses some personal experience for address standardization
Field Application of New Lightweight Proppant in Appalachian Tight Gas Sandstones (2004)

Abstract Stimulation treatment designs must provide a delicate balance between completion effectiveness and economical viability. Service company research and development dollars have historically been spent to find the most cost effective treatment fluid for tight, gas-bearing zones. Typically, the focus of this research has been on fracturing fluids and viscous fluid proppant transport. Thin banking fluids have been proven to be a cost effective fluid for tight gas zones in the Appalachian Basin, but significantly longer and more effective propped fractures are tough to achieve due to poor proppant transport. There are several factors that affect proppant transportation in a fracture, but one most often overlooked is proppant density. In a paradigm shift from focusing on fluid properties for proppant transport to focusing on proppant characteristics for proppant transport, recent technological advances have been applied as a solution for the Appalachian Basin's cost cutting – production enhancement dilemma. In several detailed case histories from New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio and Northern West Virginia, a novel lightweight proppant has been pumped in an effort to achieve the balance of a more effective fracture within tight economical constraints. The treatment effectiveness of the new lightweight proppant will be analyzed to determine if this new technology truly is a cost effective, production enhancing tool for one of the toughest basins to operate in based on well economics. Stoke's Law calculations indicate that a lightweight proppant with a specific gravity of 1.25 g/cc will have a terminal settling velocity four times less than white Ottawa sand of the same mesh size, 20/40. A simple single phase gas simulator was used to determine initial flow rates and cumulative production for a series of different fracture lengths. It is clear from the simulations that if greater apparent acting fracture lengths can be achieved, flow rates will be increased and reserve-to-production ratios will be decreased.
Quantum Computation (1995)

If the bits of computers are someday scaled down to the size of individual atoms, quantum mechanical effects may profoundly change the nature of computation itself. The wave function of such a quantum computer could consist of a superposition of many computations carried out simultaneously; this kind of parallelism could be exploited to make some important computational problems, like the prime factoring of large integers, tractable. However, building such a quantum computer would place undreamed of demands on the experimental realization of highly quantum-coherent systems; present-day experimental capabilities in atomic physics and other fields permit only the most rudimentary implementation of quantum computation.
Pitrakinra, a dual IL-4/IL-13 antagonist for the potential treatment of asthma and eczema. (2010)

In asthma, airway inflammation is driven by Th2-related cytokines, such as IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13. IL-4 and IL-13, in particular, have a major role in the development of airway hyperresponsiveness, allergen-specific IgE synthesis and airway remodeling because of their synergistic effects induced by binding to the IL-4Rα subunit. Pitrakinra (AER-001, BAY-16-9996), being developed by Aerovance, under license from Bayer, for the potential treatment of asthma and eczema, is an IL-4 mutein, which binds to the IL-4Rα subunit and prevents the inflammation induced by IL-4 and IL-13. Pitrakinra demonstrated a potent inhibitory activity on IL-4/IL-13-mediated proliferative effects in vitro and reduced allergen-induced inflammation in animal models of asthma and skin inflammation. In phase I and II clinical trials in patients with asthma, subcutaneous and inhaled (as dry powder or nebulized) formulations of pitrakinra reduced airway inflammation, with superior effects observed with inhaled formulations. At the time of publication, a phase II clinical trial with the dry powder formulation of pitrakinra was ongoing in patients with asthma. Subcutaneous pitrakinra demonstrated preliminary efficacy results in patients with atopic eczema in a phase II clinical trial and a PEGylated variant of subcutaneous pitrakinra is being investigated for this indication. Further studies are warranted to allow a better therapeutic positioning and a more detailed characterization of the efficacy and safety of pitrakinra in asthma and atopic eczema.
Tumor radiation response enhancement by acoustical stimulation of the vasculature (2012)

We have discovered that ultrasound-mediated microbubble vascular disruption can enhance tumor responses to radiation in vivo. We demonstrate this effect using a human PC3 prostate cancer xenograft model. Results indicate a synergistic effect in vivo with combined single treatments of ultrasound-stimulated microbubble vascular perturbation and radiation inducing an over 10-fold greater cell kill with combined treatments. We further demonstrate with experiments in vivo that induction of ceramide-related endothelial cell apoptosis, leading to vascular disruption, is a causative mechanism. In vivo experiments with ultrasound and bubbles permit radiation doses to be decreased significantly for comparable effect. We envisage this unique combined ultrasound-based vascular perturbation and radiation treatment method being used to enhance the effects of radiation in a tumor, leading to greater tumor eradication.
Orexin receptor antagonism for treatment of insomnia (2012)

This study provides Class I evidence that suvorexant improves sleep efficiency over 4 weeks in nonelderly adult patients with primary insomnia.
Cytokine expression by human marrow-derived mesenchymal progenitor cells in vitro: Effects of dexamethasone and IL-1α (1996)

We previously reported the purification, culture-expansion, and osteogenic differentiation potential of mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPCs) derived from human bone marrow. As a first step to establishing the phenotypic characteristics of MPCs, we reported on the identification of unique cell surface proteins which were detected with monoclonal antibodies. In this study, the phenotypic characterization of human marrow-derived MPCs is further established through the identification of a cytokine expression profile under standardized growth medium conditions and in the presence of regulators of the osteogenic and stromal cell lineages, dexamethasone and interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha), respectively. Constitutively expressed cytokines in this growth phase include G-CSF, SCF, LIF, M-CSF, IL-6, and IL-11, while GM-CSF, IL-3, TGF-beta 2 and OSM were not detected in the growth medium. Exposure of cells in growth medium to dexamethasone resulted in a decrease in the expression of LIF, IL-6, and IL-11. These cytokines have been reported to exert influence on the differentiation of cells derived from the bone marrow stroma through target cell receptors that utilize gp130-associated signal transduction pathways. Dexamethasone had no effect on the other cytokines expressed under growth medium conditions and was not observed to increase the expression of any of the cytokines measured in this study. In contrast, IL-1 alpha increased the expression of G-CSF, M-CSF, LIF, IL-6 and IL-11 and induced the expression of GM-CSF. IL-1 alpha had no effect on SCF expression and was not observed to decrease the production of any of the cytokines assayed. These data indicate that MPCs exhibit a distinct cytokine expression profile. We interpret this cytokine profile to suggest that MPCs serve specific supportive functions in the microenvironment of bone marrow. MPCs provide inductive and regulatory information which are consistent with the ability to support hematopoiesis, and also supply autocrine, paracrine, and juxtacrine factors that influence the cells of the marrow microenvironment itself. In addition, the cytokine profiles expressed by MPCs, in response to dexamethasone and IL-1 alpha, identify specific cytokines whose levels of expression change as MPCs differentiate or modulate their phenotype during osteogenic or stromagenic lineage entrance/progression.
On Orbit Modelling of the Middeck Active Control Experiment from 1-g Analysis and Experimentation (1994)

The Middeck Active Control Experiment (MACE) is B space shuttle flight experiment intended to to demonstrate high authority active structural control in zero gravity conditions. Since no experimental on-orbit data will be available before flight, the model used to derive these controllers must be oktained from a combination of analysis and openand closedloop ground testing. A general modcUing approach to obtain this O-g model is presented along with its application to the MACE test article.
Modafinil for fatigue in MS (2005)

There was no improvement of fatigue in patients with multiple sclerosis treated with modafinil vs placebo according to the Modified Fatigue Impact Scale.
The Laboratory Swine (1999)

With their representation in research on the rise because of refinement in animal experimentation, swine, and miniature swine in particular, are viewed as an alternative non-rodent species to commonly used non-rodent species, such as dogs and primates.Written to provide a complete source of information on the species, this handy guide addre
Synthesis and ligand binding of cocaine isomers at the cocaine receptor (1991)

The cocaine binding site at the dopamine transporter has been found to be stereoselective. Thus, the seven possible stereoisomers of (-)-cocaine have been synthesized and found to inhibit [3H]-2 beta-carbomethoxy-3 beta-(4-fluoro-phenyl)tropane [( 3H]WIN 35,428) with potencies ranging from 1/60 to 1/600 of that of (-)-cocaine. The synthesis and characterization of all new compounds is presented.
Oxytocin induces differentiation of P19 embryonic stem cells to cardiomyocytes (2002)

We recently discovered the existence of the oxytocin/oxytocin receptor (OT/OTR) system in the heart. Activation of cardiac OTR stimulates the release of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), which is involved in regulation of blood pressure and cell growth. Having observed elevated OT levels in the fetal and newborn heart at a stage of intense cardiomyocyte hyperplasia, we hypothesized a role for OT in cardiomyocyte differentiation. We used mouse P19 embryonic stem cells to substantiate this potential role. P19 cells give rise to the formation of cell derivatives of all germ layers. Treatment of P19 cell aggregates with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) induces differentiation to cardiomyocytes. In this work, P19 cells were allowed to aggregate from day 0 to day 4 in the presence of 0.5% DMSO, 10(-7) M OT and/or 10(-7) M OT antagonist (OTA), and then cultured in the absence of these factors until day 14. OT alone stimulated the production of beating cell colonies in all 24 independently growing cultures by day 8 of the differentiation protocol, whereas the same result was obtained in cells induced by DMSO only after 12 days. Cells induced with OT exhibited increased ANP mRNA, had abundant mitochondria (i.e., they strongly absorbed rhodamine 123), and expressed sarcomeric myosin heavy chain and dihydropyridine receptor-alpha 1, confirming a cardiomyocyte phenotype. In addition, OT as well as DMSO increased OTR protein and OTR mRNA, and OTA completely inhibited the formation of cardiomyocytes in OT- and DMSO-supplemented cultures. These results suggest that the OT/OTR system plays an important role in cardiogenesis by promoting cardiomyocyte differentiation.
Endonucleases (2011)

Reaction conditions for a variety of endonucleases are detailed in this unit along with discussions of potential applications. Enzymes covered include BAL 31 nuclease, S1 nuclease, mung bean nuclease, micrococcal nuclease, and DNase I. A general discussion regarding the use of endonucleases to generate nonspecific breaks in dsDNA is also provided. For a detailed discussion of the endonucleases more typically associated with DNA damage repair (e.g., Endo III, IV, V and VIII of E. coli and human APE1), see UNIT 3.9.
La 'concepción significativa de la acción' de T. S. Vives y sus correspondencias sistemáticas con las concepciones teleológico-funcionales del delito (1999)

Si partimos del hecho de que el sistema penal se ha basado siempre en la concepcion filosofica vigente en cada fase historica, Vives Anton se ha desmarcado del pensamiento del siglo XX y nos presenta una nueva sistematica penal. El autor del texto prentende confrontar esta concepcion del delito con los conceptos de dogmatica penal ya consolidados, desarrollando una nueva teoria juridica del delito. Vives parte de tres conceptos fundamentales para el Derecho Penal: accion (sentido que, conforme a un sistema de normas, puede atribuirse a determinados comportamientos humanos), norma (con una doble esencia: son decisiones del poder y son tambien determinaciones de la razon) y libertad de accion (presupuesto imprescindible para que las acciones sean regidas por las normas); y en base a esos tres conceptos, construye un nuevo sistema penal.
Role of the urokinase receptor in facilitating extracellular matrix invasion by cultured colon cancer. (1991)

There is increasing evidence that urokinase secreted by tumor cells can be bound to a cell surface receptor retaining its full potential to activate plasminogen and subsequently cleave basement membrane constituents. This study was undertaken to discriminate between soluble and cell surface bound urokinase as a potential mediator of in vitro invasion by cultured colon cancer. Extracellular matrix invasion by a colon cancer cell line GEO, characterized as being a poor secretor of urokinase and having few receptors (less than 10(4) receptors/cell) was not augmented when these cells were made to secrete up to 8 times as much urokinase, in response to an exogenous urokinase gene driven by the Rous sarcoma virus long terminal repeat promoter. The majority of the plasminogen activator (greater than 95%) appeared in the culture medium, this reflecting the low numbers of binding sites displayed by GEO cells. In contrast, the cell line HCT 116 equipped with 10 times as many binding sites, (greater than 10(5)/cell), the majority of which are occupied with endogenous ligand, was an efficient invader of the extracellular matrix. Inhibition of urokinase binding to the cell surface receptors using an antibody to the A chain of the plasminogen activator reduced invasion by 65%. The cell line RKO is equipped with 3 x 10(5) receptors/cell, 15% of which are tagged with endogenous urokinase. Pretreatment of these cells with a concentration range of urokinase known to result in the majority of these binding sites being charged with the plasminogen activator led to a dose dependent increase in extracellular matrix invasion. Together, these data suggest that for cultured colon cancer, at least, invasion is a function of the amount of cell surface receptor bound urokinase.
Targeted Photothermal Lysis of the Pathogenic Bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with Gold Nanorods (2007)

Increases in the prevalence of antibiotic resistant bacteria require new approaches for the treatment of infectious bacterial pathogens. It is now clear that a nanotechnology-driven approach using nanoparticles to selectively target and destroy pathogenic bacteria can be successfully implemented. We have explored this approach by using gold nanorods that have been covalently linked to primary antibodies to selectively destroy the pathogenic Gram-negative bacterium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We find that, following nanorod attachment to the bacterial cell surface, exposure to near-infrared radiation results in a significant reduction in bacterial cell viability.
Use of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction methodology to detect estrogen-regulated gene expression in small breast cancer specimens. (1997)

We describe the development and use of a sensitive reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) procedure to detect novel estrogen-regulated gene expression in small clinical breast cancer samples, in which such study would be extremely difficult by any other molecular or immunocytochemical means. Assay optimization for pLIV1, estrogen receptors (ERs), progesterone receptors, and pS2 gene products was carried out on 50 primary breast cancers for which comparative Northern analysis and immunocytochemical data were available. Using 27 amplification cycles and a 0.5 microM primer concentration, varying expressions of the gene products were recorded simultaneously with a constant densitometric signal for a coamplified endogenous control gene (alpha-actin). Good concordances were subsequently observed between pLIV1 status generated by RT-PCR and both Northern analysis (P = 0.002) and ER status by immunocytochemistry (P = 0.0244). Agreement was also noted between ER (P = 0.002), progesterone receptor (P = 0.0005), and pS2 (P = 0. 0023) RT-PCR and immunocytochemical methodologies. The RT-PCR assays were then applied to 10 needle core trucut biopsies in which similar relationships were obtained. Our results justify the future use of this RT-PCR methodology to examine new estrogen-regulated genes in small breast cancer samples, and it is envisaged that this technology will prove invaluable in many future breast cancer studies.
Detection of Australia Antigen and Antibody by Means of Radioimmunoassay Techniques (1970)

Journal Article Detection of Australia Antigen and Antibody by Means of Radioimmunoassay Techniques Get access John H. Walsh, John H. Walsh Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Rosalyn Yalow, Rosalyn Yalow Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Solomon A. Berson Solomon A. Berson Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 121, Issue 5, May 1970, Pages 550–554, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/121.5.550 Published: 01 May 1970 Article history Received: 04 February 1970 Published: 01 May 1970
Professional Data Warehousing with SQL Server 7.0 and OLAP Services (2000)

From the Publisher:
With the vast amounts of data flowing through the workplace on a daily basis, Data warehouses have evolved to cope with the huge volumes involved by separating the data used for reporting and decision making from the operational systems. Microsoft have entered the world of datawarehousing with the introduction of SQL Server 7 and OLAP Services.
The purpose of the data warehouse is simply to store the raw data. The combination of this with OLAP enables the data to be transformed into useful information that reflects the real factors affecting the enterprise. OLAP techniques may range from simple navigation and browsing of the data to more serious analyses, such as time-series and complex modeling.