gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The cardiometabolic benefits of glycine: Is glycine an ‘antidote’ to dietary fructose? (2014)

Supplemental glycine, via activation of glycine-gated chloride channels that are expressed on a number of types of cells, including Kupffer cells, macrophages, lymphocytes, platelets, cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells, has been found to exert anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, cytoprotective, platelet-stabilising and antiangiogenic effects in rodent studies that may be of clinical relevance.1–17 The plasma concentration of glycine in normally nourished individuals—around 200 µM—is near the Km for activation of these channels, implying that the severalfold increases in plasma glycine achievable with practical supplementation can be expected to further activate these channels in vivo.18 ,19 The impact on membrane polarisation of such activation will hinge on the intracellular chloride content; cells which actively concentrate chloride against a gradient will be depolarised by channel activation, whereas other cells will experience hyperpolarisation. In cells that fail to concentrate chloride and that express voltage-activated calcium channels, glycine tends to suppress calcium influx; this effect is thought to mediate much of the protection afforded by glycine.1 The role of chloride channel activation in the mediation of glycine's physiological effects is commonly assessed by the concurrent application of the chloride channel inhibitor strychnine; if this abolishes glycine's effect, this effect is most likely mediated by chloride channels.

From the standpoint of vascular health, a recent report that glycine can stabilise platelets is of evident interest.7 When rats were fed diets containing 2.5–5% glycine, bleeding time approximately doubled, and the amplitude of platelet aggregation in whole blood triggered by ADP or collagen was halved. This effect was blocked by strychnine, and the investigators were able to confirm that platelets express glycine-gated chloride channels. They also demonstrated that human platelets likewise were glycine responsive and expressed such channels. Studies evaluating the interaction of glycine with aspirin or other pharmaceutical platelet-stabilising agents would clearly be appropriate, as …
Groundwater table forecast (2004)

U radu je prikazan holisticki pristup izradi prognoza razina podzemnih voda na podrucju grada Zagreba. Analizirani su silazni nizovi nivograma na 500 pijezometara za desetgodisnje razdoblje. Za svaki pijezometar izracunata je srednja godisnja i srednja desetgodisnja brzina promjene potencijala. Pokazala se dominantna linearna ovisnost promjene potencijala o vremenu ocjeđivanja sustava. Izracunati parametri testirani su na podacima mjerenja potencijala na lijevoj obali Save za razdoblje 2001-2003. godina. Cetrnaestodnevne prognoze vodostaja u silaznom nizu u najvecem dijelu sustava kretale su se u tocnosti od nekoliko cm. Veca odstupanja (do 30 cm) prisutna su na pijezometrima u kojima je brzina promjene potencijala veca od 0, 07 m/dan, a takva se brzina odnosi na pojas od približno 300 m uz Savu. U tom pojasu jednadžba koja opisuje brzinu promjene potencijala je vjerojatno eksponencijalna i za nju jos treba utvrditi parametre.
ChemInform Abstract: COMPLEXES OF PLATINUM(II) WITH THIOUREA DERIVATIVES (1977)

Abstract Es werden 3 Typen von Platin(II)‐Komplexen beschrieben.
RF MEMS for antenna applications (2013)

performance over the conventional solid-state devices. Along with other RF MEMS components, antennas have been investigated. This paper presents a unique review and survey of RF MEMS antennas. Here, antennas can be categorized into (i) generic antennas and (ii) antenna circuits. The former employs some forms of mechanical actuation for movements of the radiation elements. With the latter, individual radiation elements are physically stationary and integrated with RF MEMS switches and/or variable capacitors to alter their electrical length and diversity. In addition, (iii) antenna subsystems incorporating RF MEMS tuneable circuits and beam forming networks should not be overlooked. Examples of these antenna categories are described and conclusions drawn. Index Terms — monolithic, RF MEMS, antennas I.
Video on demand: is it feasible? (2002)

The technological feasibility of a video on demand service that is provided from a centralized location over a digital network is examined. The video on demand service is considered to be a service similar to the currently popular videotape rental services. The problem is divided into two parts: communications and database access. It is argued that the incremental communications cost is small, as long as it is assumed that there is already a network with sufficient bandwidth to the customer. A solution to the database access problem that could be implemented with technology available in no more than 10 years is presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Hydrolysis of Ginger Bagasse Starch in Subcritical Water and Carbon Dioxide (2004)

Ginger bagasse from supercritical extraction was hydrolyzed using subcritical water and CO(2) to produce reducing sugars and other low molecular mass substances. Response surface methodology was used to find the best hydrolysis conditions; the degree of hydrolysis and the yield were the two response variables selected for maximization. The kinetic studies of the hydrolysis were performed at 150 bar and temperatures of 176, 188, and 200 degrees C. The higher degree of hydrolysis (97.1% after 15 min of reaction) and higher reducing sugars yield (18.1% after 11 min of reaction) were established for the higher process temperature (200 degrees C). Different mixtures of oligosaccharides with different molecular mass distributions were obtained, depending on the temperature and on the reaction time. The ginger bagasse hydrolysis was treated as a heterogeneous reaction with a first-order global chemical kinetic, in relation to the starch concentration, which resulted in an activation energy of 180.2 kJ/mol and a preexponential factor of 5.79 x 10(17)/s.
Treatment with an Amyloid-β Antibody Ameliorates Plaque Load, Learning Deficits, and Hippocampal Long-Term Potentiation in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease (2005)

PDAPP transgenic mice overexpress a mutant form of human amyloid precursor protein under control of the platelet-derived growth factor promoter in CNS neurons that causes early onset, familial Alzheimer's disease in humans. These mice, on a mixed genetic background, have been shown to have substantial learning impairments from early ages, as well as an age-dependent decline in learning ability that has been hypothesized to be caused by amyloid-beta (Abeta) accumulation. The goals of this study were to determine: (1) whether PDAPP mice on a pure C57BL/6 background develop more severe age-dependent learning deficits than wild-type mice; (2) if so, whether Abeta accumulation accounts for the excessive decline in learning ability; and (3) whether the learning deficits are reversible, even after significant Abeta deposition. At 4-6, 10-12, or 17-19 months of age, PDAPP and littermate wild-type mice on a C57BL/6 background were tested on a 5 week water maze protocol in which the location of the escape platform changed weekly, requiring the mice to repeatedly learn new information. PDAPP mice exhibited impaired spatial learning as early as 4 months (pre-Abeta deposition), and the performance of both wild-type and PDAPP mice declined with age. However, PDAPP mice exhibited significantly greater deterioration with age. Direct evidence for the role of Abeta accumulation in the age-related worsening in PDAPP mice was provided by the observation that systemic treatment over several weeks with the anti-Abeta antibody 10D5 reduced plaque deposition, increased plasma Abeta, improved hippocampal long-term potentiation, and improved behavioral performance in aged PDAPP mice with substantial Abeta burden.
Mutant mitochondrial helicase Twinkle causes multiple mtDNA deletions and a late-onset mitochondrial disease in mice (2005)

Defects of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) maintenance have recently been associated with inherited neurodegenerative and muscle diseases and the aging process. Twinkle is a nuclear-encoded mtDNA helicase, dominant mutations of which cause adult-onset progressive external ophthalmoplegia (PEO) with multiple mtDNA deletions. We have generated transgenic mice expressing mouse Twinkle with PEO patient mutations. Multiple mtDNA deletions accumulate in the tissues of these mice, resulting in progressive respiratory dysfunction and chronic late-onset mitochondrial disease starting at 1 year of age. The muscles of the mice faithfully replicate all of the key histological, genetic, and biochemical features of PEO patients. Furthermore, the mice have progressive deficiency of cytochrome c oxidase in distinct neuronal populations. These "deletor" mice do not, however, show premature aging, indicating that subtle accumulation of mtDNA deletions and progressive respiratory chain dysfunction are not sufficient to accelerate aging. This model is a valuable tool for therapy development and testing for adult-onset mitochondrial disorders.
Removal of metal ions from wood chips during acidic leaching 1: Comparison between Scandinavian softwood, birch and eucalyptus (2006)

Article Removal of metal ions from wood chips during acidic leaching 1: Comparison between Scandinavian softwood, birch and eucalyptus was published on November 1, 2006 in the journal Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal (volume 21, issue 4).
Evidence of Limited Variability of Antigen Receptors on Intrathyroidal T Cells in Autoimmune Thyroid Disease (1991)

Intrathyroidal T-cell accumulation in autoimmune thyroid disease is highly restricted and points to the primacy of T cells in causing thyroid disorders. These results present the possibility of using antibodies to the T-cell receptor for the specific inhibition of abnormal T-cell function in autoimmune thyroid disease.
<title>Modeling of distortions in optical characteristics of semiconductor lasers due to noise in MBE growth temperature measurement</title> (1994)

Maintaining cladding-layer material composition uniformity is inherently difficult during high temperature MBE growth of GaAs/AlGaAs laser structures. These nonuniformities can lead to asymmetrical waveguiding structures with distorted optical output characteristics of the laser. Distortions in optical characteristics can greatly affect the alignment and the coupling efficiency between laser diodes and optical fiber or other electro-optical systems in integrated optoelectronic applications. A 2D dielectric waveguide simulator has been used to analyze the optical properties of GRINSCH GaAs/AlGaAs lasers with asymmetrical cladding structures. Through this analysis, we have demonstrated an optimal laser device structure which as the desired optical characteristics and is less sensitive to cladding composition asymmetries arising in typical growth conditions.
[Treatment of fibrosing interstitial lung diseases]. (1991)

In fibrosing pneumonitis, respiratory insufficiency is due to both fibrosis and inflammation induced pulmonary fibrosis. There is no treatment that can suppress fibrosis, so the current treatment of fibrosing pneumonitis--corticosteroid and/or immunosuppressive drugs--aims at reducing pulmonary inflammation and thus at slowing down the development of fibrosis which cannot regress. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the respective parts of inflammation, potentially reversible, and of fibrosis which is not. Most of the time, respiratory insufficiency cannot be prevented and requires long-term oxygen therapy. In a few patients, lung transplantation must be discussed.
The amino acid sequence of a carbohydrate-containing immunoglobulin-light-chain-type amyloid-fibril protein (1985)

The amino acid sequence of an amyloid-fibril protein Es492 of immunoglobulin-lambda-light-chain origin (AL) was elucidated. The amyloid fibrils were obtained from the spleen of a patient who died from systemic amyloidosis. The amino acid sequence was elucidated from structural studies of peptides derived from digestion of the protein with trypsin, thermolysin, chymotrypsin and Staphylococcus aureus V8 proteinase and from cleavage of the protein with CNBr and BNPS-skatole. A heterogeneity in the length of the polypeptide was seen in the C-terminal region. The protein was by sequence homology to other lambda-chains shown to be of the V lambda II subgroup. Although an extensive homology was seen, some amino acid residues in positions 26, 31, 32, 40, 44, 93, 97, 98 and 99 have not previously been reported in these positions of V lambda II proteins. The significance of these residues in the fibril formation is unclear. The protein was found to contain carbohydrate, with glycosylation sites in two of the hypervariable regions.
The HPLC solvent guide (1996)

Preface. Introduction. Abbreviations, Acronyms, and Symbols. Chapter 1: Physical and Chemical Solvent Properties. Chapter 2: Method Optimization. Chapter 3: Method Validation and Ongoing Performance Evaluation. Chapter 4: Alcohols. Chapter 5: Alkanes and Alkyl Aromatics. Chapter 6: Chlorinated Alkanes and Chlorinated Benzenes. Chapter 7: Ethers. Chapter 8: Keotones and Esters. Chapter 9: Nitriles and Nitrogenous Solvents. Chapter 10: Water, Dimethyl Sulfoxide, and Common Acidic Modifiers. References. Index.
Inhibition of head and neck metastatic and/or recurrent cancer by local administration of multi-cytokine inducer OK-432 (1996)

The multi-cytokine inducer OK-432 is a pulverized preparation of the low-virulence SU strain of Streptococcus pyogenes of human origin. A reduction of the tumour mass in the OK-432-injected areas was observed in 11 out of 13 patients with metastatic and/or recurrent head and neck cancer. Complete response (CR), partial response (PR) and minor response (MR) were noted in six, three and two cases respectively. OK-432 local administration therapy could create a new strategy for cancer therapy.
Cannabinol Derivatives:  Binding to Cannabinoid Receptors and Inhibition of Adenylylcyclase (1997)

Several derivatives of cannabinol and the 1,1-dimethylheptyl homolog (DMH) of cannabinol were prepared and assayed for binding to the brain and the peripheral cannabinoid receptors (CB1 and CB2), as well as for activation of CB1- and CB2-mediated inhibition of adenylylcyclase. The DMH derivatives were much more potent than the pentyl (i.e., cannabinol) derivatives. 11-Hydroxycannabinol (4a) was found to bind potently to both CB1 and CB2 (Ki values of 38.0 ± 7.2 and 26.6 ± 5.5 nM, respectively) and to inhibit CB1-mediated adenylylcyclase with an EC50 of 58.1 ± 6.2 nM but to cause only 20% inhibition of CB2-mediated adenylylcyclase at 10 μM. It behaves as a specific, though not potent, CB2 antagonist. 11-Hydroxycannabinol-DMH (4b) is a very potent agonist for both CB1 and CB2 (Ki values of 100 ± 50 and 200 ± 40 pM; EC50 of adenylylcyclase inhibition 56.2 ± 4.2 and 207.5 ± 27.8 pM, respectively).
401 km, 622 Mb/s and 357 km, 2.488 Gb/s IM/DD repeaterless transmission experiments using erbium-doped fiber amplifiers and error correcting code (1992)

Record repeaterless transmission distances of 401 km at 622 Mb/s and 357 km at 2.488 Gb/s on nondispersion-shifted fiber are demonstrated. The transmission format is intensity modulation/direct detection (IM/DD), and a forward error correcting code scheme is implemented. Erbium-doped fiber amplifiers are used at the transmit and receive end of the system as postamplifier, preamplifier, and remotely pumped amplifier.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Quantum Dots and Multifunctional Nanoparticles: New Contrast Agents for Tumor Imaging (2006)

Nanometer-sized particles, such as semiconductor quantum dots and iron oxide nanocrystals, have novel optical, electronic, magnetic or structural properties that are not available from either molecules or bulk solids. When linked with tumor-targeting ligands, such as monoclonal antibodies, peptide fragments of tumor-specific proteins or small molecules, these nanoparticles can be used to target tumor antigens (biomarkers) and tumor vasculatures with high affinity and specificity. In the mesoscopic size range of 5-100 nm diameter, quantum dots and related nanoparticles have large surface areas and functional groups that can be linked to multiple diagnostic (e.g., optical, radioisotopic or magnetic) and therapeutic (e.g., anticancer) agents. In this review, recent advances in the development and applications of bioconjugated quantum dots and multifunctional nanoparticles for in vivo tumor imaging and targeting are discussed.
Pgp and MRP Activities Using Calcein-AM Are Prognostic Factors in Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients (1998)

Thirteen cell lines with different levels of Pgp and MRP expression were used to assess the ability of calcein acetoxymethyl ester (calcein-AM) uptake and calcein efflux to measure Pgp and MRP functions, respectively. There was a good correlation between MRP expression and the modulatory effect of probenecid (a specific modulator of MRP) on the calcein efflux (r = .91, P= .0003) and between Pgp expression and the modulatory effect of CsA on calcein-AM uptake (r = .96, P &lt; .0001). In light of the high correlations for both proteins, we tested calcein-AM uptake and efflux in fresh myeloid leukemic cells. In 53 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients, there was also a good correlation between MRP expression (measured by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and by MRPm6 expression by flow cytometry) and the modulatory effect of probenecid on the calcein fluorescence (r = .92, P &lt; .0001) and between Pgp expression as measured by UIC2 antibody binding on flow cytometry and the modulatory effect of cyclosporin A on calcein-AM uptake (r = .83,P &lt; .0001). Pgp activity was higher in CD34+leukemia than in CD34− leukemia (2.26 ± 1.50 v1.46 ± 1.21, respectively; P = .003), and MRP activity was higher in CD34− leukemia than in CD34+leukemia (1.77 ± 0.40 v 1.4 ± 0.29, respectively; P= .004). Pgp expression and activity (P = .004 andP = .01, respectively) and MRP activity (P = .03) but not MRP expression were prognostic factors for achievement of complete remission. These results suggest that functional testing (with calcein-AM ± modulators) for the presence of both MRP and Pgp activities is of prognostic value and that MRP contributes to drug resistance in AML.
Syntheses of Derivatives of Dihydroxyacetone and of Glycerides1,2 (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSyntheses of Derivatives of Dihydroxyacetone and of Glycerides1,2Hermann Schlenk, Beverly G. Lamp, and B. Wallace DeHaasCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1952, 74, 10, 2550–2552Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01130a027https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01130a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views162Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Randomized Phase III Study of Exatecan and Gemcitabine Compared With Gemcitabine Alone in Untreated Advanced Pancreatic Cancer (2006)

Exatecan plus gemcitabine was not superior to gemcitabine alone with respect to overall survival in the first-line treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer.
Changes in the Prevalence, Treatment and Control of Hypertension in Germany? A Clinical-Epidemiological Study of 50.000 Primary Care Patients (2012)

Rates of treated and controlled hypertension according to NHANES criteria in DETECT remained low between 2001 and 2003, although there was some minor improvement.
Polymedication and medication compliance in patients with chronic non-malignant pain (1993)

Most reports of polymedication among patients with chronic non-malignant pain have relied only on the patient's statements which have been proven to be unreliable regarding actual drug consumption. This study investigates the incidence of polymedication and medication compliance in these patients by applying objective methods. One-hundred-nine consecutive patients predominantly with facial, neuropathic or back pain were interviewed about present medication at first admission to the pain clinic. Reports were verified by toxicological urine screening, mainly with thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) coupling. Follow-up investigations of 61 patients were conducted within 1 and 24 months after beginning therapy. Polymedication--here defined as daily intake of 3 or more preparations--was found in 41 patients (38%) in the initial investigation. In only 74 patients (68%) did the results of urine screening correspond with their reports: 23 patients (21%) concealed the consumption of drugs, and 2 patients (2%) did not take their medications. Ten cases were not interpretable. Fifty-four percent of the drugs concealed were psychotropic substances, mostly benzodiazepines, and 42% were analgesic combinations, partly with psychotropic additives. Drug intake was concealed significantly more often with polypharmacy which was occurring more frequently in patients with headache or facial pain, longer duration of pain, young age, psychiatric diagnosis and history of substance abuse. Patients with initial non-compliance were more likely to conceal drug consumption in follow-up investigations as well (P = 0.05). Therefore, screening for medication compliance in patients with chronic non-malignant pain is recommended, especially in those with the abovementioned risk factors.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Selection and characterization of ricin toxin A-chain mutations in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (1989)

A DNA sequence encoding the A chain of ricin toxin (RTA) from the castor bean plant, Ricinus communis, was placed under GAL1 promoter control and transformed into Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Induction of expression of RTA was lethal. This lethality was the basis for a selection of mutations in RTA which inactivated the toxin. A number of mutant alleles which encoded cross-reactive material were sequenced. Eight of the first nine mutant RTAs studied showed single-amino-acid changes involving residues located in the proposed active-site cleft.