gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Toward understanding the effects of visual- and force-feedback on robotic hand grasping performance for space teleoperation (2010)

This paper introduces a study aimed to help quantify the benefits of limited-performance force-feedback user input devices for space telemanipulation with a dexterous robotic arm. A teleoperated robotic hand has been developed for the European Space Agency by the German Aerospace Center (DLR) for a lunar rover prototype. Studies carried out on this telerobotic system investigated several criteria critical to telemanipulation in space: (1) grasping task completion time, (2) grasping task difficulty, (3) grasp quality, and (4) difficulty level for the operator to assess the grasp quality. Several test subjects were allocated to remotely grasp regular and irregular shaped objects, under different combinations of visual- and force-feedback conditions. This work categorized the benefits of visual- and force-feedback in teleoperated grasping through several performance metrics. Furthermore, it has been shown that, with local joint-level impedance control, good grasping performance with rigid hard objects can be achieved, even with limited force-feedback information and low communication bandwidth. On the other hand, a performance ceiling was also found when grasping deformable objects, where the limited force-feedback setup cannot sufficiently reflect the object boundary to the teleoperator.
β-Carotene autoxidation: oxygen copolymerization, non-vitamin A products, and immunological activity (2014)

Carotenoids are reported to have immunological effects independent of vitamin A activity. Although antioxidant activity has been suggested as a basis of action, the ability of carotenoids to autoxidize to numerous non-vitamin A products with immunological activity is an alternative yet to be fully explored. We have undertaken a systematic study of β-carotene autoxidation and tested the product mixture for immunological activity. Autoxidation proceeds predominantly by oxygen copolymerization, leading to a defined, reproducible product corresponding to net uptake of almost 8 molar equivalents of oxygen. The product, termed OxC-beta, empirical formula C 40 H 60 O 15 versus C 40 H 56 for β-carotene, contains more than 30% oxygen (w/w) and 85% β-carotene oxygen copolymers (w/w) as well as minor amounts of many C8−C18 norisoprenoid compounds. No vitamin A or higher molecular weight norisoprenoids are present. The predominance of polymeric products has not been reported previously. The polymer appears to be a less polymerized form of sporopollenin, a biopolymer found in exines of spores and pollen. Autoxidations of lycopene and canthaxanthin show a similar predominance of polymeric products. OxC-beta exhibits immunological activity in a PCR gene expression array, indicating that carotenoid oxidation produces non-vitamin A products with immunomodulatory potential.
Tetraalkylphosphonium-Based Ionic Liquids for a Single-Step Dye Extraction/MALDI MS Analysis Platform (2011)

Room temperature ionic liquids, or RTILs, based on tetraalkylphosphonium (PR4+) cations were used as the basis of a platform that enables separation of dyes from textiles, extraction of dyes from aqueous solution, and identification of the dyes by MALDI-MS in a single experimental step for forensic purposes. Ionic liquids were formed with PR4+ cations and ferulate (FA), α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamate (CHCA), and 2,5-dihydroxybenzoate (DHB) anions. The use of tetraalkylphosphonium-based ionic liquids in MALDI-MS allowed detection of small molecule dyes without addition of a traditional solid MALDI matrix.
Blind Deconvolution Using Convex Programming (2014)

We consider the problem of recovering two unknown vectors, w and x, of length L from their circular convolution. We make the structural assumption that the two vectors are members of known subspaces, one with dimension N and the other with dimension K. Although the observed convolution is nonlinear in both w and x, it is linear in the rank-1 matrix formed by their outer product wx*. This observation allows us to recast the deconvolution problem as low-rank matrix recovery problem from linear measurements, whose natural convex relaxation is a nuclear norm minimization program. We prove the effectiveness of this relaxation by showing that, for “generic” signals, the program can deconvolve w and x exactly when the maximum of N and K is almost on the order of L. That is, we show that if x is drawn from a random subspace of dimension N, and w is a vector in a subspace of dimension K whose basis vectors are spread out in the frequency domain, then nuclear norm minimization recovers wx* without error. We discuss this result in the context of blind channel estimation in communications. If we have a message of length N, which we code using a random L x N coding matrix, and the encoded message travels through an unknown linear time-invariant channel of maximum length K, then the receiver can recover both the channel response and the message when L ≳ N + K, to within constant and log factors.
Structure-Function Analysis of DNA Binding Domain of the Yeast ABF1 Protein (1994)

Autonomously replicating sequence Binding Factor 1(ABF1) is a DNA-binding protein that specifically recognizes the at many sites in the yeast genome including the promoter element, mating-type silencer and ARS. To express the intact full-length ABF1 gene in E. coli, the ABF1 gene has been cloned into pMAL-c2 and His-61, Leu-353 and Leu-360 were substituted with other amino acid. ABF1 fusion proteins of wild type ABF1 and H61A, L353R and L360R nutants were purified by amylose resin affinity chromatography. Fusion protein of MBP and ABF1 was digested by Factor Xa and Characterized by gel retardation assay and complementation test. As aresult, we suggested that other DNA binding motif except atypical inc-finger motif is in the middle region of ABF1.
Structure of the C1r–C1s interaction of the C1 complex of complement activation (2018)

The multiprotein complex C1 initiates the classical pathway of complement activation on binding to antibody-antigen complexes, pathogen surfaces, apoptotic cells, and polyanionic structures. It is formed from the recognition subcomponent C1q and a tetramer of proteases C1r<sub>2</sub>C1s<sub>2</sub> as a Ca<sup>2+</sup>-dependent complex. Here we have determined the structure of a complex between the CUB1-EGF-CUB2 fragments of C1r and C1s to reveal the C1r-C1s interaction that forms the core of C1. Both fragments are L-shaped and interlock to form a compact antiparallel heterodimer with a Ca<sup>2+</sup> from each subcomponent at the interface. Contacts, involving all three domains of each protease, are more extensive than those of C1r or C1s homodimers, explaining why heterocomplexes form preferentially. The available structural and biophysical data support a model of C1r<sub>2</sub>C1s<sub>2</sub> in which two C1r-C1s dimers are linked via the catalytic domains of C1r. They are incompatible with a recent model in which the N-terminal domains of C1r and C1s form a fixed tetramer. On binding to C1q, the proteases become more compact, with the C1r-C1s dimers at the center and the six collagenous stems of C1q arranged around the perimeter. Activation is likely driven by separation of the C1r-C1s dimer pairs when C1q binds to a surface. Considerable flexibility in C1s likely facilitates C1 complex formation, activation of C1s by C1r, and binding and activation of downstream substrates C4 and C4b-bound C2 to initiate the reaction cascade.
Review of chemical indicators of degradation of cellulosic electrical paper insulation in oil-filled transformers (1994)

Chemical and thermal degradation of electrical insulation in oil-filled transformers, mechanisms of failure and methods of condition monitoring and of life prediction are reviewed. An insulation life prediction model is developed and estimates of insulation life are presented under a variety of oil/paper conditions. Systematic measurements of the concentration of chemical indicators in transformer oil are used to demonstrate that furaldehyde and related products can be used to detect high rates of paper degradation. Similarly, phenol and related products indicate electrical degradation in phenol-formaldehyde resins.
A versatile probe for chemoselective capture and analysis of carbonyl compounds in exhaled breath (2015)

We describe an aminooxy reagent for the capture of trace aldehyde and ketone volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath.
Top-down knowledge acquisition (2002)

This paper presents an approach to support the top-down development of knowledge based systems. We propose to use predefined knowledge elements for eliciting, structuring, and formalizing the knowledge. The predefined elements are arranged in a library. We differentiate between three types of reusable knowledge elements: generic problem solving methods (PSMs), generic concept taxonomies and template forms from which rule templates are generated in accordance to the concrete application. The generic PSMs as well as the generic concept taxonomies of our library is described informally and formally so that they can be used at the one hand as guidelines for elicitation and on the other hand as basis for the formalization which has to be modified according to the application. For integrating the principle of reuse we propose different tools that support the usage of the predefined methods. concepts and template forms from the library. The paper gives an overview of our library components as well as of our reuse principles. Moreover, the tools supporting the top-down knowledge acquisition are introduced.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
The SH3 domain of p56lck is involved in binding to phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase from T lymphocytes. (1993)

Many of the Src-like tyrosine kinases are thought to participate in multiprotein complexes that modulate transmembrane signalling through tyrosine phosphorylation. We have used in vitro binding studies employing bacterially expressed glutathione S-transferase-p56lck fusion proteins and cell extracts to map regions on p56lck that are involved in binding to phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase (PI3K). Deletions within the SH3 domain of p56lck abolished binding of PI3K activity from T-cell lysates, whereas deletion of the SH2 domain caused only a slight reduction in the level of PI3K activity bound to p56lck sequences. The binding of PI3K from T-cell extracts to p56lck was not blocked by antiphosphotyrosine antibodies, but p56lck-bound PI3K activity was sensitive to phosphatase treatment. The SH3 domain of p56lck also bound the majority of PI3K activity from uninfected chicken embryo fibroblasts. However, a drastically different binding specificity was observed with use of extracts of Rous sarcoma virus v-src-transformed cells, in which the majority of PI3K activity bound to the SH2 domain of p56lck in a phosphotyrosine-dependent manner. These results suggest that are two modes of PI3K binding to p56lck, and presumably to other Src-like tyrosine kinases. In one mode, PI3K from T cells or uninfected chicken embryo fibroblasts binds predominantly to the SH3 domain of p56lck. In the other mode, involving PI3K from Rous sarcoma virus-transformed cells, binding is largely phosphotyrosine dependent and requires the SH2 domain of p56lck.
Electrophysiological characterization of SCN5A mutations causing long QT (E1784K) and Brugada (R1512W and R1432G) syndromes (2000)

The different clinical manifestations of these three mutations most probably originate from the distinct electrophysiological abnormalities of the mutant cardiac sodium channels reported in this study.
Reflections on Libraries and Archives I (2007)

I am very pleased to be asked to say a few words to this meeting of archivists and librarians. I am myself a historian, and therefore I love archives. I actually find it a sensual experience to see and feel old documents. Terry Barringer, who invited me to talk to you this morning, encouraged me to say something about my personal experiences of archival research, so allow me to begin with some personal remarks and anecdotes. I started my PhD, on the history of nineteenth-century Madagascar, in 1976. Before then, I don't believe I had ever been in an archive. In the course of doing research for my PhD, I made quite extensive use of government, missionary and private archives in the United Kingdom, France and Madagascar. An exciting moment was locating the archives of the first French Resident of Madagascar after its conquest by French troops in 1895, Hippolyte Laroche.
OCLC and special collections cataloguing in an urban public library (1992)

Reports from the Phoenix, Arizona Public Library on the process of physically linking online catalogues with the community college district, a DRA site, for resource sharing and other co‐operative projects. Addresses the issue of foreign language collections in a culturally and linguistically diverse area,focusing on the implications for acquisitions and cataloguing methods.
Akt, a Pleckstrin Homology Domain Containing Kinase, Is Activated Primarily by Phosphorylation (1996)

Akt is a serine/threonine kinase that is stimulated by receptor tyrosine kinases and contains a pleckstrin homology domain. One model proposed to explain this activation suggests that receptor tyrosine kinases stimulate a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase whose lipid products directly activate Akt kinase by interacting with its pleckstrin homology domain. In the present study, we show, in three cell types, that Akt does not require its pleckstrin homology domain to respond to either insulin or platelet-derived growth factor. Moreover, attachment of the src myristoylation signal to target Akt, without its pleckstrin homology domain, to the membrane constitutively activates Akt by causing an increase in its basal level of phosphorylation. This constitutively active form of Akt can also activate p70(S6K), indicating that the pleckstrin homology domain is not necessary for downstream interactions. Fusion of the inter src homology 2 domain from the p85 regulatory subunit of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase to Akt also constitutively activated Akt and induced an association with the lipid kinase. Phosphorylation of this fusion protein still critically contributes toward its increased activity. The sum of these results indicates that the primary mechanism of Akt activation is via protein phosphorylation.
Interstitial expression of heat‐shock protein 47 correlates with capillary deposition of complement split product C4d in chronic allograft nephropathy (2005)

The increased expression of HSP47 positively correlated with the expression of C4d in PTC, and might contribute to the progression of interstitial ci in CAN.
Oxidative and Osmotic Stress Signaling in Tumor Cells Is Mediated by ADAM Proteases and Heparin-Binding Epidermal Growth Factor (2004)

Mammalian cells respond to environmental stress by activating a variety of protein kinases critical for cellular signal transmission, such as the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase and different members of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family. EGFR activation by stress stimuli was previously thought to occur independently of stimulation by extracellular ligands. Here, we provide evidence that osmotic and oxidative stresses induce a metalloprotease activity leading to cell surface cleavage of pro-heparin-binding EGF (pro-HB-EGF) and subsequent EGFR activation. This ligand-dependent EGFR signal resulted from stress-induced activation of the MAPK p38 in human carcinoma cells and was mediated by the metalloproteases ADAM9, -10, and -17. Furthermore, stress-induced EGFR activation induced downstream signaling through the MAPKs extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 and JNK. Interestingly, apoptosis induced by treatment of tumor cells with doxorubicin was strongly enhanced by blocking HB-EGF function. Together, our data provide novel insights into the mammalian stress response, suggesting a broad mechanistic relevance of a p38-ADAM-HB-EGF-EGFR-dependent pathway and its potential significance for tumor cells in evasion of chemotherapeutic agent-induced apoptosis.
Long-Term Efficacy of Myoblast Transplantation on Regional Structure and Function After Myocardial Infarction (2002)

For up to 1 year, Tx of SM limits postinfarction EF deterioration and improves systolic scar function through colonization of fibrosis by skeletal muscle cells with expression of both MHC isoforms, which may confer to the graft the ability to withstand a cardiac-type workload.
THE REV. GEORGE WILLIAM TAYLOR, F.R.S.C., F.E.S., F.Z.S (1904)

I'he readels of the Canadian Entornologist rvill be pleased, rve feel sure, to see the good portrait given her-ervith of the Rev. G
Treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with radiolabeled murine, chimeric, or humanized LL2, an anti-CD22 monoclonal antibody. (1995)

LL2 is a murine IgG2a anti-CD22 monoclonal antibody found to react with virtually all non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs). Twenty-one patients with chemotherapy-resistant NHL received nonmyeloablative doses of 131I-labeled LL2 IgG and F(ab')2 ranging from 15 to 343 mCi given in cycles of 15-50 mCi, for up to seven treatment cycles. The cumulative protein dose ranged from 1.1 mg IgG to 157 mg F(ab')2. Seventeen patients were assessable for treatment response, and antitumor effects were seen in five (one complete remission, two partial remissions, and two minor or mixed responses). In addition, one complete response was seen in a patient who received only "diagnostic" doses of 131I-LL2 IgG. Thus, a total of six patients had responses according to the defined response criteria. Three additional patients have been treated with potentially myeloablative doses of 131I-LL2 IgG at a starting dose level of 90 mCi/m2 (100 mg). Two patients were evaluable, and both had partial remissions lasting 8 and 3 months, respectively. Chimeric and complementarity-determining region-grafted LL2 have been developed. Initial clinical studies have shown that these agents have targeting properties similar to the murine LL2 and, therefore, may be suitable alternatives to murine LL2 in the treatment of NHL. LL2 is a promising agent for the treatment of lymphoma, particularly when the maximum tolerated dose is given either with or without autologous bone marrow transplantation.
Cytokine-induced killer cells for cell therapy of acute myeloid leukemia: improvement of their immune activity by expression of CD33-specific chimeric receptors (2010)

Our results indicate that anti-CD33 chimeric receptors strongly enhance anti-leukemic cytokine-induced killer cell functions, suggesting that cytokine-induced killer cells transduced with these molecules might represent a promising optimized tool for acute myeloid leukemia immunotherapy.
A radical-partitioned neural network system using a modified sigmoid function and a weight-dotted radical selector for large-volume Chinese character recognition VLSI (2002)

This paper presents a radical-partitioned neural network system using a modified sigmoid function and a weight-dotted radical selector for large-volume Chinese characters recognition VLSI. With a modified sigmoid function and the weight-dotted radical selector, the recognition rate of 1000 radical-partitioned Chinese characters can be enhanced to 90% from 70% for the input samples with 15% random errors as compared to the system without it.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Jun N-terminal kinase 2 modulates thymocyte apoptosis and T cell activation through c-Jun and nuclear factor of activated T cell (NF-AT) (2001)

The Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) recently have been shown to be required for thymocyte apoptosis and T cell differentiation and/or proliferation. To investigate the molecular targets of JNK signaling in lymphoid cells, we used mice in which the serines phosphorylated by JNK in c-Jun were replaced by homologous recombination with alanines (junAA mice). Lymphocytes from these mice showed no phosphorylation of c-Jun in response to activation stimuli, whereas c-Jun was rapidly phosphorylated in wild-type cells. Despite the fact that c-jun is essential for early development, junAA mice develop normally; however, c-Jun N-terminal phosphorylation was required for efficient T cell receptor-induced and tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced thymocyte apoptosis. In contrast, c-Jun phosphorylation by JNK is not required for T cell proliferation or differentiation. Because jnk2-/- T cells display a proliferation defect, we concluded that JNK2 must have other substrates required for lymphocyte function. Surprisingly, jnk2-/- T cells showed reduced NF-AT DNA-binding activity after activation. Furthermore, overexpression of JNK2 in Jurkat T cells strongly enhanced NF-AT-dependent transcription. These results demonstrate that JNK signaling differentially uses c-Jun and NF-AT as molecular effectors during thymocyte apoptosis and T cell proliferation.
HIGH THROUGHPUT SEPARATIONS USING A MICROFAB~CATE~ SERIAL ELECTRIC SPLITT SYSTEM (2003)

This paper describes a serial SPLITT (split-flow lateral transport thin separation) system and its advantages as a sample preparation system. The serial SPLITT system is based on FFF (field flow fractionation) and has the ability to separate nanoparticles with high precision in a continuous manner [l], [2].
Structural Conservation in Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Potassium Channels (1998)

Toxins from scorpion venom interact with potassium channels. Resin-attached, mutant K+ channels from Streptomyces lividans were used to screen venom from Leiurus quinquestriatus hebraeus, and the toxins that interacted with the channel were rapidly identified by mass spectrometry. One of the toxins, agitoxin2, was further studied by mutagenesis and radioligand binding. The results show that a prokaryotic K+ channel has the same pore structure as eukaryotic K+ channels. This structural conservation, through application of techniques presented here, offers a new approach for K+ channel pharmacology.
Secreted MD-2 is a large polymeric protein that efficiently confers lipopolysaccharide sensitivity to Toll-like receptor 4 (2001)

Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), the principal signaling receptor for lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mammals, requires the binding of MD-2 to its extracellular domain for maximal responsiveness. MD-2 contains a leader sequence but lacks a transmembrane domain, and we asked whether it is secreted into the medium as an active protein. As a source of secreted MD-2 (sMD-2), we used culture supernatants from cells stably transduced with epitope-tagged human MD-2. We show that sMD-2 exists as a heterogeneous collection of large disulfide-linked oligomers formed from stable dimeric subunits and that concentrations of sMD-2 as low as 50 pM enhance the responsiveness of TLR4 reporter cells to LPS. An MD-2-like activity is also released by monocyte-derived dendritic cells from normal donors. When coexpressed, TLR4 indiscriminately associates in the endoplasmic reticulum/cis Golgi with different-sized oligomers of MD-2, and excess MD-2 is secreted into the medium. We conclude that normal and transfected cells secrete a soluble form of MD-2 that binds with high affinity to TLR4 and that could play a role in regulating responses to LPS and other pathogen-derived substances in vivo.