gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Survival and Tumor Localization of Adoptively Transferred Melan-A-Specific T Cells in Melanoma Patients (2003)

Adoptive T cell therapy has been successfully used for treatment of viral and malignant diseases. However, little is known about the fate and trafficking of transferred Ag-specific T cells. Using the tetramer (TM) technology which allows for detection and quantification of Ag-specific CTL, we assessed the frequency of circulating Melan-A-specific CTL in advanced melanoma patients during adoptive T cell therapy. Melan-A-specific CTL were generated from HLA-A2.1(+) patients by in vitro stimulation of CD8(+) T cells with dendritic cells pulsed with a mutated HLA-A2-binding Melan-A (ELAGIGILTV) peptide. Eight patients received three infusions of 0.25-11 x 10(8) Melan-A-specific CTL i.v. at 2-wk intervals along with low-dose IL-2. The transferred T cell product contained a mean of 42.1% Melan-A-TM(+) CTL. Before therapy, the frequencies of Melan-A-specific CTL in patients' circulating CD8(+) T cells ranged from 0.01 to 0.07%. Characterization of the TM frequencies before and at different time points after transfer revealed an increase of circulating Melan-A-specific CTL up to 2%, correlating well with the number of transferred CTL. An elevated frequency of TM(+) T cells was demonstrated up to 14 days after transfer, suggesting long-term survival and/or proliferation of transferred CTL. Combining TM analysis with a flow cytometry-based cytokine secretion assay, unimpaired production of IFN-gamma was demonstrated in vivo for at least 24 h after transfer. Indium-111 labeling of Melan-A-specific CTL demonstrated localization of transferred CTL to metastatic sites as early as 48 h after injection. Overall, the results suggest that in vitro-generated Melan-A-specific CTL survive intact in vivo for several weeks and localize preferentially to tumor.
Reengineering Escherichia coli for Succinate Production in Mineral Salts Medium (2009)

The fermentative metabolism of glucose was redirected to succinate as the primary product without mutating any genes encoding the native mixed-acid fermentation pathway or redox reactions. Two changes in peripheral pathways were together found to increase succinate yield fivefold: (i) increased expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and (ii) inactivation of the glucose phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system. These two changes increased net ATP production, increased the pool of phosphoenolpyruvate available for carboxylation, and increased succinate production. Modest further improvements in succinate yield were made by inactivating the pflB gene, encoding pyruvate formate lyase, resulting in an Escherichia coli pathway that is functionally similar to the native pathway in Actinobacillus succinogenes and other succinate-producing rumen bacteria.
Acute Effects and Recovery Time Following Concussion in Collegiate Football Players (2003)

Collegiate football players may require several days for recovery of symptoms, cognitive dysfunction, and postural instability after concussion. Further research is required to determine factors that predict variability in recovery time after concussion. Standardized measurement of postconcussive symptoms, cognitive functioning, and postural stability may enhance clinical management of athletes recovering from concussion.
Joint Audio-Visual Tracking Using Particle Filters (2002)

It is often advantageous to track objects in a scene using multimodal information when such information is available. We use audio as a complementary modality to video data, which, in comparison to vision, can provide faster localization over a wider field of view. We present a particle-filter based tracking framework for performing multimodal sensor fusion for tracking people in a videoconferencing environment using multiple cameras and multiple microphone arrays. One advantage of our proposed tracker is its ability to seamlessly handle temporary absence of some measurements (e.g., camera occlusion or silence). Another advantage is the possibility of self-calibration of the joint system to compensate for imprecision in the knowledge of array or camera parameters by treating them as containing an unknown statistical component that can be determined using the particle filter framework during tracking. We implement the algorithm in the context of a videoconferencing and meeting recording system. The system also performs high-level semantic analysis of the scene by keeping participant tracks, recognizing turn-taking events and recording an annotated transcript of the meeting. Experimental results are presented. Our system operates in real-time and is shown to be robust and reliable.
LSD1 knockdown reveals novel histone lysine methylation in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells (2017)

Histone lysine methylation, which plays an important role in the regulation of gene expression, genome stability, chromosome conformation and cell differentiation, is a dynamic process that is collaboratively regulated by lysine methyltransferases (KMTs) and lysine demethylases (KDMs). LSD1, the first identified KDMs, catalyzes the demethylation of mono- and di-methylated H3K4 and H3K9. Here, we systematically investigated the effects of LSD1 knockdown on histone methylations. Surprisingly, in addition to H3K4 and H3K9, the methylation level on other histone lysines, such as H3K27, H3K36 and H3K79, are also increased. The expression of SOX2, E-cadherin and FoxA2 are increased upon LSD1 knockdown, and the methylation level of H3K4, H3K27 and H3K36 in the promoter region of these genes are all changed after LSD1 knockdown. Our results show that LSD1 knockdown has a broad effect on histone lysine methylation, which indicates that LSD1 regulates histone lysine methylation in collaboration with other KMTs and KDMs.
Impact of endoscopic biopsy surveillance of Barrett’s oesophagus on pathological stage and clinical outcome of Barrett’s carcinoma (1998)

The temporal course of histological progression in our surveyed patients supports the theory that adenocarcinoma in Barrett's oesophagus develops through stages of increasing severity of dysplasia. Endoscopic biopsy surveillance of Barrett's oesophagus permits detection of malignancy at an early and curable stage, thereby potentially reducing mortality from oesophageal adenocarcinoma.
Propulsion / Aircraft Integration of Hypersonic Vehicles with Active Thrust-Vectoring and Real-Time Simulation of Dynamic Engine Behaviour (1999)

Article Propulsion / Aircraft Integration of Hypersonic Vehicles with Active Thrust-Vectoring and Real-Time Simulation of Dynamic Engine Behaviour was published on December 1, 1999 in the journal International Journal of Turbo & Jet-Engines (volume 16, issue 4).
Animal models of spinal muscular atrophy (2000)

Proximal spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is the second most common autosomal recessive inherited disorder in humans. It is the most common genetic cause of infant mortality. As yet, there is no cure for this neuromuscular disorder which affects the lower motor neurons and proximal muscles of the limbs and trunk. In the last decade, significant advances have been made in understanding this disease, from linkage analysis to isolating the defective gene and identifying its protein product. This review summarizes the most recent advance in SMA research: the development of animal models of the disease, in particular mouse models of SMA. The SMA mice that we describe here present with symptoms similar to those seen in SMA patients. They promise to further the understanding of the molecular basis of this disease and demonstrate the feasibility of using the intact SMN2 gene, found in all SMA patients, as a means of treating this disorder.
A Transgenic Model of Visceral Obesity and the Metabolic Syndrome (2001)

The adverse metabolic consequences of obesity are best predicted by the quantity of visceral fat. Excess glucocorticoids produce visceral obesity and diabetes, but circulating glucocorticoid levels are normal in typical obesity. Glucocorticoids can be produced locally from inactive 11-keto forms through the enzyme 11beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11beta HSD-1). We created transgenic mice overexpressing 11beta HSD-1 selectively in adipose tissue to an extent similar to that found in adipose tissue from obese humans. These mice had increased adipose levels of corticosterone and developed visceral obesity that was exaggerated by a high-fat diet. The mice also exhibited pronounced insulin-resistant diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and, surprisingly, hyperphagia despite hyperleptinemia. Increased adipocyte 11beta HSD-1 activity may be a common molecular etiology for visceral obesity and the metabolic syndrome.
Indium-111-labeled low-density lipoprotein binds with higher affinity to the human liver as compared to iodine-123-low-density-labeled lipoprotein. (1991)

The interaction of 111In-low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and 123I-LDL with human liver-plasma membranes was investigated and compared. LDLs were isolated by sequential ultracentrifugation and radiolabeled either with 123I (using lodogen or iodine-monochloride) each followed by purification with gel-chromatography or dialysis) or 111In (using cyclic DTPA-anhydride). LDL concentrations of 0.1 to 32 micrograms protein/ml were used for direct binding assays investigating the specific binding of labeled LDL (in the presence of a 50-fold excess of unlabeled LDL) to human liver apoB-receptors. In separate experiments, displacement of bound 111In-(123I)-LDL by unlabeled LDL was studied. Human liver plasma membranes bound 239 +/- 26 ng protein of 111In-LDL/mg protein and 148 +/- 18 ng protein of 123I-LDL/mg protein specifically (p less than 0.001). The corresponding dissociation constants were 0.6 +/- 0.2 and 1.2 +/- 0.7 micrograms protein/ml, respectively (p less than 0.001). The capacity of unlabeled LDL to displace bound 111In-LDL was four times higher than that for 123I-LDL (IC50: 1.7 +/- 0.7 versus 7.7 +/- 1.0 micrograms protein/ml). No significant differences among the different methods of iodination of LDL were found. The findings show that 111In-labeled lipoproteins might be a better ligand for lipoprotein-receptor binding studies as compared to radioiodinated lipoprotein products.
Evaluation of ultraviolet-C and spray-drying processes as two independent inactivation steps on enterotoxigenicEscherichia coliK88 and K99 strains inoculated in fresh unconcentrated porcine plasma (2018)

The safety of raw materials from animal origin such as spray-dried porcine plasma (SDPP) may be a concern for the swine industry. Ultraviolet treatment at 254 nm (UV-C) of liquid plasma has been proposed as an additional biosafety feature in the manufacturing process of SDPP. We found that UV-C exposure in the liquid plasma at 3000 J l<sup>-1</sup> reduces about 4 log10 ml<sup>-1</sup> for E. coli K88 and K99. Full inactivation of both E. coli strains was achieved in all spray-dried samples. The incorporation of UV-C treatment to liquid plasma improves the robustness of the SDPP manufacturing process.
[pGlu6, Pro9]SP6-11, a selective agonist for the substance P P-receptor subtype (1986)

Substitution of a single amino acid residue, proline for glycine-9 in [pGlu6]SP6-11, a hexapeptide analogue of substance P, confers on the peptide selective agonist activity toward the SP-P receptor subtype. [pGlu6,Pro9]SP6-11 had 20% and 75% of the activity of [pGlu6]SP6-11 in stimulating, respectively, K+ release from rat parotid slices and contraction of the isolated guinea pig ileum, via the SP-P receptor subtype. In contrast, [pGlu6,Pro9]SP6-11 had substantially reduced activity on SP-E systems such as the hamster urinary bladder and rat duodenum, being about 20-fold less potent than [pGlu6]SP6-11 and 200-670-fold less potent than neurokinin B. In the guinea pig ileum [pGlu6,Pro9]SP6-11 had very low activity on the neuronal tachykinin receptor, being 325 times less potent than [pGlu6]SP6-11 and 1000 times less potent than neurokinin B. Because of its discrimination between the muscular and neuronal receptors in the guinea pig ileum (muscular/neuronal potency ratio = 600), [pGlu6,Pro9]SP6-11 can be used to specifically desensitize the muscular receptor of this tissue. This procedure enables a selective and sensitive bioassay of the neuronal receptor.
Heparin-Binding EGF-Like Growth Factor Synthesis by Smooth Muscle Cells (1994)

Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF) has been previously demonstrated to be a potent mitogen for smooth muscle cells. Evidence is now presented that these cells synthesize HB-EGF as well. Cultured fetal human vascular smooth muscle cells express 2.5-kb HB-EGF mRNA. These cells also release an HB-EGF-like activity that (i) stimulates smooth muscle cell and BALB/c 3T3 cell but not endothelial cell proliferation; (ii) binds to TSK heparin affinity columns and is eluted with 0.9-1.2 M NaCl, and (iii) triggers phosphorylation of a protein with the same molecular weight as the 170-kD EGF receptor. In addition, 125I-HB-EGF can be cross-linked to the EGF receptor on fetal human vascular smooth muscle cells. These results suggest that smooth muscle cells can both synthesize and respond to HB-EGF, and that HB-EGF may therefore be involved in autocrine regulation of these cells.
Frequency-doubled, additive-pulse, mode-locked NaCl:OH^− laser (1989)

The output of a tunable, additive-pulse, mode-locked NaCl:OH(-) color-center laser has been frequency doubled using a LiIO(3) crystal. With 100-fsec pulses generated at 1.6 microm, stable pulses as short as 76 fsec have been obtained with more than 5 mW of average output power at 0.8 microm. The frequency-doubled pulses are tunable from 755 to 825 nm.
Hyperoxia-induced changes in antioxidant capacity and the effect of dietary antioxidants (1999)

We investigated, by measuring oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), whether hyperoxia causes alterations in antioxidant status and whether these alterations could be modulated by dietary antioxidants. Rats were fed for 8 wk a control diet or a control diet supplemented with vitamin E (500 IU/kg) or with aqueous extracts (ORAC: 1.36 mmol Trolox equivalents/kg) from blueberries or spinach and then were exposed to air or >99% O2 for 48 h. Although the constituents of the extracts were not extensively characterized, HPLC indicated that blueberry extract was particularly rich in anthocyanins, and the spinach extract did not contain any anthocyanins. The ORAC was determined in samples without proteins [serum treated with perchloric acid (PCA); ORACPCA] and with proteins (ORACtot). Hyperoxia induced a decrease in serum protein concentration, an increase in serum ORACPCA, decreases in lung ORACPCA and ORACtot, and an equilibration of proteins and ORACPCA between serum and pleural effusion. These alterations suggested a redistribution of antioxidants between tissues and an increase in capillary permeability during hyperoxia. Only the blueberry extract was effective in alleviating the hyperoxia-induced redistribution of antioxidants between tissues.
Structural Analysis of the Mechanism of Inhibition and Allosteric Activation of the Kinase Domain of HER2 Protein (2011)

Aberrant signaling of ErbB family members human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is implicated in many human cancers, and HER2 expression is predictive of human disease recurrence and prognosis. Small molecule kinase inhibitors of EGFR and of both HER2 and EGFR have received approval for the treatment of cancer. We present the first high resolution crystal structure of the kinase domain of HER2 in complex with a selective inhibitor to understand protein activation, inhibition, and function at the molecular level. HER2 kinase domain crystallizes as a dimer and suggests evidence for an allosteric mechanism of activation comparable with previously reported activation mechanisms for EGFR and HER4. A unique Gly-rich region in HER2 following the α-helix C is responsible for increased conformational flexibility within the active site and could explain the low intrinsic catalytic activity previously reported for HER2. In addition, we solved the crystal structure of the kinase domain of EGFR in complex with a HER2/EGFR dual inhibitor (TAK-285). Comparison with previously reported inactive and active EGFR kinase domain structures gave insight into the mechanism of HER2 and EGFR inhibition and may help guide the design and development of new cancer drugs with improved potency and selectivity.
RL-huffman encoding for test compression and power reduction in scan applications (2005)

This article mixes two encoding techniques to reduce test data volume, test pattern delivery time, and power dissipation in scan test applications. This is achieved by using run-length encoding followed by Huffman encoding. This combination is especially effective when the percentage of don't cares in a test set is high, which is a common case in today's large systems-on-chips (SoCs). Our analysis and experimental results confirm that achieving up to an 89% compression ratio and a 93% scan-in power reduction is possible for scan-testable circuits such as ISCAS89 benchmarks.
Temperature-dependent dielectric properties of liver tissue measured during thermal ablation: Toward an improved numerical model (2008)

The development of microwave tumor ablation devices depends largely on numerical simulations of antenna characteristics and transient electromagnetic heating. However, without an adequate tissue model simulation predictions can vary widely from experimental results. In this study, tissue dielectric properties are measured to capture changes induced by temperature, cellular makeup and water content during thermal ablation. Measurements made using this technique agree closely with previous measurements for temperatures up to 50 degrees C, but both relative permittivity and conductivity decrease by as much as 50 percent when temperatures approach 100 degrees C.
The telomerase reverse transcriptase regulates chromatin state and DNA damage responses (2005)

Constitutive expression of telomerase prevents senescence and crisis by maintaining telomere homeostasis. However, recent evidence suggests that telomerase is dynamically regulated in normal cells and also contributes to transformation independently of net telomere elongation. Here, we show that suppression of the telomerase catalytic subunit [human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT)] expression abrogates the cellular response to DNA double strand breaks. Loss of hTERT does not alter short-term telomere integrity but instead affects the overall configuration of chromatin. Cells lacking hTERT exhibit increased radiosensitivity, diminished capacity for DNA repair, and fragmented chromosomes, demonstrating that loss of hTERT impairs the DNA damage response.
Postherpetic Neuralgia: Role of Gabapentin and Other Treatment Modalities (1999)

Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is a chronic and painful condition that may occur after a herpes zoster infection. The frequency of PHN after untreated zoster varies widely. Age is the most important risk factor for development of PHN. The condition occurs in an estimated 50% of patients older than 50 years. The pain of PHN can be severe and debilitating and is frequently associated with allodynia. Although in most patients pain remits within the first year, it may persist for a lifetime. Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), topical agents, opioids, and gabapentin, a structural gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) analogue, are the only agents that have demonstrated efficacy in randomized clinical trials for treatment of both the shooting and the burning form of pain associated with PHN. TCAs are among the most commonly used classes of agents for treating PHN and are effective in a significant proportion of patients. However, various adverse events can limit treatment. These side effects tend to be more acute in the elderly, the population most likely to suffer from PHN. Topical agents have led to mild to moderate improvement in patients with PHN but are usually ineffective as monotherapy for this condition. Until recently, carbamazepine was the only antiepileptic drug evaluated for the treatment of PHN. Over the past few years, however, gabapentin has received increasing attention as a useful treatment for neuropathic pain. Gabapentin lacks significant drug-drug interactions and has a favorable safety profile, which makes it particularly useful for treatment of PHN.
Rheumatoid Factor and Immuno-Conglutinin Responses Following Various Vaccinations (1967)

Rheumatoid factor and immuno-conglutinin responses following various vaccinations were studied in a series of 381 healthy military recruits. The results suggested that both types of reaction were related to the net immune response provoked by the vaccinations. The immuno-conglutinin response took place within 2 weeks, whereas 3-4 weeks were needed for the appearance of rheumatoid factors. Immuno-conglutinin titer increases and positive rheumatoid factor reactions were not seen in the same persons.
Polycrystalline nanopore arrays with hexagonal ordering on aluminum (1999)

Nanopore arrays with 6×108–5×1010 cm−2 pore densities were fabricated by self-organized anodization on aluminum. A two-step anodization process was used to oxidize aluminum in oxalic, sulfuric, and phosphoric acid solutions. Hexagonally ordered pore arrays were obtained within domains of a few micrometers, which are separated from neighboring domains with different orientation of the pore lattice by domain boundaries, i.e., the nanopore arrays show characteristics analogous to two-dimensional polycrystalline structure. The interpore distance can be controlled by changing the electrolyte and/or the applied voltage.
Platinum(II) Complexes with Bioactive Carrier Ligands Having High Affinity for the Translocator Protein (2010)

Peripheral benzodiazepine receptors (PBRs, also named TSPO) are overexpressed in many tumor types, with the grade of TSPO overexpression correlating with the malignancy of the tumor. For this reason, TSPO-binding ligands have been widely explored as carriers for receptor-mediated drug delivery. In this paper we have selected a ligand with nanomolar affinity for TSPO, [2-(4-chlorophenyl)-8-aminoimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl]-N,N-di-n-propylacetamide (3), for preparing platinum adducts that are structural analogues to picoplatin, cis-[PtCl(2)(NH(3))(2-picoline)] (AMD0473, 6), a platinum analogue currently in advanced clinical investigation. In vitro studies assessing receptor binding and cytotoxicity against human and rat glioma cells have shown that the new compounds cis-[PtX(2)(NH(3)){[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-8-aminoimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl]-N,N-di-n-propylacetamide}] (X = I, 4; X = Cl, 5) keep high affinity and selectivity for TSPO (nanomolar concentration) and are as cytotoxic as cisplatin. Moreover, they appear to be equally active against sensitive and cisplatin-resistant A2780 cells. Similar to cisplatin, these compounds induce apoptosis but show a favorable 10- to 100-fold enhanced accumulation in the glioma cells.