gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mapping of functional and antigenic domains of the alpha 4 protein of herpes simplex virus 1 (1988)

Monoclonal antibodies to alpha 4, the major regulatory protein of herpes simplex virus 1, have been shown to differ in their effects on the binding of the protein to its DNA-binding site in the promoter-regulatory domain of an alpha gene. To map the epitopes, we expressed truncated genes in transient expression systems. All 10 monoclonal antibodies tested reacted with the N-terminal 288-amino-acid polypeptide. To map the epitopes more precisely, 29 15-mer oligopeptides, overlapping by five amino acids at each end, were synthesized and reacted with the monoclonal antibodies. The nine reactive monoclonal antibodies were mapped to seven sites. Of the two monoclonal antibodies which blocked the binding of alpha 4 to DNA, one (H950) reacted with oligopeptide no. 3 near the N terminal of the protein, whereas the second (H942) reacted with oligopeptide no. 23 near the C terminus of the 288-amino-acid polypeptide. In further tests, oligopeptide no. 19 was found to compete with two host proteins, designated as alpha H1 and alpha H2-alpha H3, for binding to DNA as well as to retard DNA in a band shift assay, whereas oligopeptides no. 26, 27, and 28 enhanced the binding of alpha 4 to DNA. Moreover, oligopeptide no. 27 was also found to retard DNA in a band shift assay. Polypeptide no. 19 competed with alpha 4 for binding to DNA, whereas no. 27 neither enhanced nor competed with the binding of the host polypeptide alpha H1 to its binding site in the promoter-regulatory domain of an alpha gene, but did enhance the binding of the alpha H2-alpha H3 protein to its binding site. In contrast to these results, the truncated alpha 4 polypeptide, 825 amino acids long, bound to the viral DNA, whereas a shorter, 519-amino-acid-long, truncated polypeptide did not. The 825-amino-acid polypeptide was previously shown to induce in transient expression of a late (gamma 2) viral gene.
Sequence identity between the alpha 2-macroglobulin receptor and low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein suggests that this molecule is a multifunctional receptor. (1990)

Ten peptides, derived from human alpha 2-macroglobulin (alpha 2M) receptor by chemical or proteolytic digestion, were sequenced. Comparative analysis revealed that all of the resulting sequences were present within the cDNA-deduced structure of low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP) (Herz, J., Hamann, U., Rogne, S., Myklebost, O., Gausepohl, H., and Stanley, K. K. (1988) EMBO J. 7, 4119-4127). The findings provide evidence that the alpha 2M receptor and LRP are the same molecule. Further evidence comes from immunoprecipitation experiments using a monoclonal antibody specific for the alpha 2M receptor that show this molecule, like LRP, to contain two polypeptides of approximately 420 and 85 kDa that are noncovalently associated. An additional component of this receptor system is a 39-kDa polypeptide that co-purifies with the alpha 2M receptor during affinity chromatography. Solid phase binding studies reveal that the 39-kDa polypeptide binds with high affinity (Kd = 18 nM) to the 420-kDa component of the alpha 2M receptor. The apparent identity of LRP and the alpha 2M receptor suggests that this molecule is a multifunctional receptor with the capacity to bind diverse biological ligands and highlights a possible relationship between two previously unrelated biological processes, lipid metabolism and proteinase regulation.
Reversal of anticancer multidrug resistance by the ardeemins (1998)

Two “reverse prenyl” hexahydropyrroloindole alkaloids, 5- N -acetylardeemin and 5- N -acetyl-8-demethylardeemin, were evaluated as reversal agents in cells exhibiting a multidrug resistant (MDR) phenotype. These ardeemins ( i ) reversed drug resistance to vinblastine (VBL) or to taxol as much as 700-fold at relatively noncytotoxic concentrations in vitro ; ( ii ) as a single agent at high concentrations killed MDR cells more efficaciously than the respective parent wild-type cells; and ( iii ) exhibited strong synergistic effects with doxorubicin (DX) and VBL against the growth of MDR neoplastic cells, and to a lesser extent, of the parent wild-type cells. Mechanistic studies showed that photoaffinity labeling of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) with [ 3 H] azidopine was competitively inhibited by the ardeemins. Resistance to DX in MDR-[Pgp + and MDR-associated protein (MRP) + ], MDR-Pgp + , lung resistance protein (LRP) + -expressing, and wild-type lung cancer cells were reversed 110- to 200-fold, 50- to 66-fold, 7- to 15-fold, and 0.9- to 3-fold, respectively, by 20 μM of the ardeemins. Moreover, these compounds increased the intracellular accumulation of VBL and markedly decreased its efflux. Finally, in vivo combination studies demonstrated that nontoxic doses of the ardeemins with DX significantly improved the chemotherapeutic effects in B6D2F 1 mice bearing DX-resistant P388 leukemia, and nude mice bearing human MX-1 mammary carcinoma xenografts. The above features indicate that the ardeemins may have utility in the therapy of cancer.
[Comparative study of single strand conformation polymorphism of 4.5S RNA gene in enterobacteria]. (1994)

A recently developed technique, non-isotopic single strand conformation polymorphism analysis (PCR-SSCP), was applied to study the conserved feature of 4.5S RNA gene in enterobacteria. The 4.5S RNA gene was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction, using the template DNA extracted respectively from five strains of Escherichia coli and three strains of different genera in Enterobacteriaceae, i.e. Proteus vulgaris, Serratia marcescens and Enterobacter aerogenes. The PCR products were then carried out SSCP analysis. The experimental results showed that there seemed to be no detectable differences in the size and single strand conformation of 4.5S RNA genes from above strains, except the negative strand conformation of Enterobacter aerogenes. Thus it can be seen that the secondary structures of 4.5S RNA gene in enterobacteria are quite conservative.
Sphingosine 1-Phosphate (S1P) Regulates Glucose-stimulated Insulin Secretion in Pancreatic Beta Cells (2012)

Recent studies suggest that sphingolipid metabolism is altered during type 2 diabetes. Increased levels of the sphingolipid ceramide are associated with insulin resistance. However, a role for sphingolipids in pancreatic beta cell function, or insulin production, and release remains to be established. Our studies in MIN6 cells and mouse pancreatic islets demonstrate that glucose stimulates an intracellular rise in the sphingolipid, sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), whereas the levels of ceramide and sphingomyelin remain unchanged. The increase in S1P levels by glucose is due to activation of sphingosine kinase 2 (SphK2). Interestingly, rises in S1P correlate with increased glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). Decreasing S1P levels by treatment of MIN6 cells or primary islets with the sphingosine kinase inhibitor reduces GSIS. Moreover, knockdown of SphK2 alone results in decreased GSIS, whereas knockdown of the S1P phosphatase, Sgpp1, leads to a rise in GSIS. Treatment of mice with the sphingosine kinase inhibitor impairs glucose disposal due to decreased plasma insulin levels. Altogether, our data suggest that glucose activates SphK2 in pancreatic beta cells leading to a rise in S1P levels, which is important for GSIS.
Revision of some 16-alkylated steroids (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRevision of some 16-alkylated steroidsGuenter Neef, Ulrich Eder, and Rudolf WiechertCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1978, 43, 24, 4679–4680Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1978https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00418a041Request reuse permissionsArticle Views75Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (303 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
<title>Water content and water profiles in skin measured by FTIR and Raman spectroscopy</title> (2000)

We present non-invasive measurements of water content in stratum corneum (SC) by FTIR spectroscopy and water content profiles across the epidermis by Raman microspectroscopy. We apply band fitting to the FTIR spectra to assess changes in SC water content following hydration. While the penetration depth of ATR-FTIR is only a few micrometers, the confocal Raman microspectrometer enables successive collection of Raman spectra at a range of depths below skin surface, with an axial resolution of ca. 5micrometers . Depth resolved water concentration measurements of the epidermis obtained by Raman spectroscopy show clear changes in the water concentration profile as a result of hydration.
Surgical maneuvers for the management of bronchial complications in lung transplantation☆☆☆ (2008)

Surgical management of bronchial complications after lung transplantation may be the last resort in complex, recalcitrant cases, nevertheless it is a feasible procedure and can provide good results not only on short- but also long-term follow-up.
The Amber biomolecular simulation programs (2005)

We describe the development, current features, and some directions for future development of the Amber package of computer programs. This package evolved from a program that was constructed in the late 1970s to do Assisted Model Building with Energy Refinement, and now contains a group of programs embodying a number of powerful tools of modern computational chemistry, focused on molecular dynamics and free energy calculations of proteins, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates.
A Review on the Computational Methods for Emotional State Estimation from the Human EEG (2013)

A growing number of affective computing researches recently developed a computer system that can recognize an emotional state of the human user to establish affective human-computer interactions. Various measures have been used to estimate emotional states, including self-report, startle response, behavioral response, autonomic measurement, and neurophysiologic measurement. Among them, inferring emotional states from electroencephalography (EEG) has received considerable attention as EEG could directly reflect emotional states with relatively low costs and simplicity. Yet, EEG-based emotional state estimation requires well-designed computational methods to extract information from complex and noisy multichannel EEG data. In this paper, we review the computational methods that have been developed to deduct EEG indices of emotion, to extract emotion-related features, or to classify EEG signals into one of many emotional states. We also propose using sequential Bayesian inference to estimate the continuous emotional state in real time. We present current challenges for building an EEG-based emotion recognition system and suggest some future directions.
Suppression of Antitumor Immunity by IL-10 and TGF-β-Producing T Cells Infiltrating the Growing Tumor: Influence of Tumor Environment on the Induction of CD4+ and CD8+ Regulatory T Cells (2006)

We examined the hypothesis that a failure of the immune system to eradicate tumors is due to the immunosuppressive environment created by the growing tumor, which is influenced by the site of tumor growth. We demonstrated that T cell responses to a bystander Ag in mice were suppressed by a growing CT26 tumor. T cells purified from the growing tumor expressed mRNA for IL-10, TGF-beta, and Foxp3. Intracellular cytokine staining revealed a high frequency of IL-10-secreting macrophages, dendritic cells, and CD4+ and CD8+ T cells infiltrating the tumor. In contrast, T cell IFN-gamma production was weak and CD8+ CTL responses were undetectable in mice with CT26 lung metastases and weak and transient following s.c. injection of CT26 cells, but were enhanced in the presence of anti-IL-10 and anti-TGF-beta. Consistent with this, removal of CD8+ T cells abrogated CTL responses and promoted progression of the s.c. tumor. However, in the lung model, depletion of CD8+ T cells significantly reduced the tumor burden. Furthermore, depletion of CD4+ or CD25+ T cells in vivo reduced tumor burden in s.c. and lung models, and this was associated with significantly enhanced IFN-gamma production by CD8+ T cells. These findings suggest that tumor growth facilitates the induction or recruitment of CD4+ regulatory T cells that secrete IL-10 and TGF-beta and suppress effector CD8+ T cell responses. However, CD8+ T regulatory cells expressing IL-10 and TGF-beta are also recruited or activated by the immunosuppressive environment of the lung, where they may suppress the induction of antitumor immunity.
Pertussis Toxin Stimulates IL-17 Production in Response to Bordetella pertussis Infection in Mice (2009)

In a mouse model of respiratory tract infection by Bordetella pertussis, bacteria multiply in the airways over the first week and are then cleared over the next 3-4 weeks by the host immune response. Pertussis toxin (PT), a virulence factor secreted exclusively by B. pertussis, promotes bacterial growth in the airways by suppression and modulation of host immune responses. By comparison of wild type and PT-deficient strains, we examined the role of PT in modulating airway cytokine and chemokine responses affecting neutrophil recruitment during B. pertussis infection in mice. We found that, despite early inhibition of neutrophil recruitment by PT, high numbers of neutrophils were recruited to the airways by 4 days post-infection with the wild type strain, but not with the PT-deficient strain, and that this correlated with upregulation of neutrophil-attracting chemokine gene expression. In addition, there was similar upregulation of genes expressing the cytokines IL-17A (IL-17), TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma, indicating a mixed Th1/Th17 response. Expression of IL-6, a cytokine involved in Th17 induction, was upregulated earlier than the IL-17 response. We showed that PT, rather than bacterial numbers, was important for induction of these responses. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that the IL-17-producing cells were macrophages and neutrophils as well as T cells, and were present predominantly in the airways rather than the lung tissue. Antibody neutralization of IL-17 significantly reduced chemokine gene expression and neutrophil recruitment to the airways, but only modestly increased peak bacterial loads. These data indicate that PT stimulates inflammatory responses by induction of Th1- and Th17-associated cytokines, including IL-17, during B. pertussis infection in mice, but a role for IL-17 in protection against the infection remains to be established.
Time resolved dynamics of isolated molecular systems studied with phase-locked femtosecond pulse pairs (1990)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation N. F. Scherer, A. J. Ruggiero, M. Du, G. R. Fleming; Time resolved dynamics of isolated molecular systems studied with phase‐locked femtosecond pulse pairs. J. Chem. Phys. 1 July 1990; 93 (1): 856–857. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.459456 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioThe Journal of Chemical Physics Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine in Domestic and Companion Animals: A Multispecies Perspective (2014)

Since their original isolation, the majority of the work on embryonic stem cells (ESC) has been carried out in mice. While the mouse is an outstanding model for basic research, it also has considerable limitations for translational work, especially in the area of regenerative medicine. This is due to a combination of factors that include physiological and size differences when compared to humans. In contrast, domestic animal species, such as swine, and companion animal species, such as dogs, provide unique opportunities to develop regenerative medicine protocols that can then be utilized in humans. Unfortunately, at present, the state of knowledge related to, and availability of, ESC from domestic animals vary among species such as pig, horse, dog and cat, and without exception lags significantly behind the mouse and human. It is clear that much still needs to be discovered. The 'stem cell-like' cell lines being reported are still not satisfactorily used in regenerative medicine, due to reasons such as heterogeneity and chromosomal instability. As a result, investigators have searched for alternate source of cells that can be used for regenerative medicine. This approach has uncovered a range of adult stem cells and adult progenitor cells that have utility in both human and veterinary medicine. Here, we review a range of stem cells, from ESC to induced pluripotent stem cells, and discuss their potential application in the field of regenerative medicine.
Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery and Development Summit (2003)

The 5th Annual Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery and Development Summit brought together an international group of academic and industry scientists to discuss recent therapeutic developments in the field of oncology. The focus of the meeting was novel targeted approaches, i.e., those agents directed against targets that are overexpressed or overactive in tumour cells. It was acknowledged that cytotoxic agents will continue to play a key role in the treatment of cancer and new developments in this area were also discussed. With over 400 anticancer drugs in clinical development and a number of recent registrations, there is great optimism that significant therapeutic advances can be made.
(Z)- and (E)-Arylidene-1,3-dihydroindol-2-ones: configuration, conformation, and infrared carbonyl stretching frequencies (1984)

The configuration and conformation of both (Z)- and (E)-arylidene-1,3-dihydroindol-2-ones were investigated. In the solid state the Z-isomer is planar whereas the E-isomer has the aryl group significantly twisted, as shown by two X-ray structures. A linear correlation was found between (co) and the σp+ of the substituents and this allows the conformation in solution and the degree of conjugation of the Ar–CC–CO system to be inferred.
Educação popular no Brasil: possibilidades de uma história comparada (2008)

Neste texto faz-se uma exposição sucinta das vantagens de repensar a história da educaçãopopular no Brasil através do método comparativo. Apresenta alguns princípios a seremconsiderados na elaboração de um estudo comparado, permitindo a superação de umaimagem bastante preconceituosa em relação aos movimentos de educação popular e àemergência de experiências até então silenciadas.
Identification and functional characterization of a novel binding site on TNF-α promoter (2003)

Transcription of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) gene is rapidly and transiently induced by lipopolysaccharide in cells of monocytemacrophage lineage. Previous studies have suggested that in the mouse, multiple NF-kappaBRel-binding sites contribute to the TNF transcriptional response to LPS. But the role of these regulatory elements in transcriptional activation of the TNF-alpha gene in human monocytes remains unclear. Previously, a transcription factor, termed lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-alpha factor (LITAF), was found to regulate TNF-alpha gene expression. However, the specific protein domain(s) of human (h)LITAF that interact with the hTNF-alpha promoter had not been identified. In this study, we identify by footprinting a sequence motif, CTCCC (-515 to -511), within the TNF-alpha promoter that binds to hLITAF. We also identify the region of hLITAF (amino acids 165-180) that was named peptide B and specifically mediates binding to the hTNF-alpha promoter. When THP-1 cells were stimulated with this peptide B, it was sufficient to induce TNF-alpha secretion. Induction of TNF-alpha transcription by LPS or peptide B depended on the presence of the -515 to -511 promoter region, which was found to be essential for hLITAF binding. Together, these findings help to clarify the mechanism of hLITAFhTNF-alpha interaction and the manner by which hLITAF contributes to hTNF-alpha regulation in an attempt to design new pharmacological interventions to address TNF-related diseases.
Sophisticated Construction of Au Islands on Pt–Ni: An Ideal Trimetallic Nanoframe Catalyst (2014)

We have developed a priority-related chemical etching method to transfer the starting Pt-Ni polyhedron to a nanoframe. Utilizing the lower electronegativity of Ni in comparison to Au atoms, in conjunction with the galvanic replacement of catalytically active Au to Ni tops, a unique Au island on a Pt-Ni trimetallic nanoframe is achieved. The design strategy is based on the structural priority mechanism of multimetallic nanocrystals during the synthesis and thus can be generalized to other analogous metal-bimetallic nanocrystal combinations (such as Pd and Cu islands on Pt-Ni nanoframes), which is expected to pave the way for the future development of efficient catalysts.
A Taxonomy of North American radial distribution feeders (2009)

This paper presents a set of radial distribution test feeders that are representative of those found in the various regions of the Continental United States. The purpose of publishing these distribution feeder models is to facilitate the analysis of new smart grid technologies.
Facile Synthesis of Thiophene Derivatives Using a Cyclopropenyl Cation (1996)

A novel convenient method for the synthesis of thiophene derivatives was developed using a tris(isopropylthio)cyclopropenyl cation, carbon disulfide, and the anions of secondary amines, 2-propanethiol, and ethanol.
Somatostatin (1983)

DURING the course of efforts to determine the distribution of growth hormone–releasing factor (GHRF) in rat hypothalamus, a substance that inhibited growth hormone release was unexpectedly detected by Krulich et al.1 Their findings, reported in 1968, led them to hypothesize that the secretion of growth hormone from the pituitary was regulated by two different, interacting neurohumoral factors — one stimulatory, the other inhibitory — each under the control of the nervous system. Their hypothesis has since been substantiated by more specific methods. At about the same time, Hellman and Lernmark found a factor in extracts of pigeon pancreatic islets that . . .