gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Halbach Magnetic Rotor Development (2008)

The NASA John H. Glenn Research Center has a wealth of experience in Halbach array technology through the Fundamental Aeronautics Program. The goals of the program include improving aircraft efficiency, reliability, and safety. The concept of a Halbach magnetically levitated electric aircraft motor will help reduce harmful emissions, reduce the Nation s dependence on fossil fuels, increase efficiency and reliability, reduce maintenance and decrease operating noise levels. Experimental hardware systems were developed in the GRC Engineering Development Division to validate the basic principles described herein and the theoretical work that was performed. A number of Halbach Magnetic rotors have been developed and tested under this program. A separate test hardware setup was developed to characterize each of the rotors. A second hardware setup was developed to test the levitation characteristics of the rotors. Each system focused around a unique Halbach array rotor. Each rotor required original design and fabrication techniques. A 4 in. diameter rotor was developed to test the radial levitation effects for use as a magnetic bearing. To show scalability from the 4 in. rotor, a 1 in. rotor was developed to also test radial levitation effects. The next rotor to be developed was 20 in. in diameter again to show scalability from the 4 in. rotor. An axial rotor was developed to determine the force that could be generated to position the rotor axially while it is rotating. With both radial and axial magnetic bearings, the rotor would be completely suspended magnetically. The purpose of this report is to document the development of a series of Halbach magnetic rotors to be used in testing. The design, fabrication and assembly of the rotors will be discussed as well as the hardware developed to test the rotors.
Identification and partial characterization of a novel membrane-associated protein (MAP17) up-regulated in human carcinomas and modulating cell replication and tumor growth. (1996)

Using the differential display technique, we have recently reported the identification of a novel gene originally designated DD96. As determined by Northern blot and in situ hybridization, DD96 was expressed at significant levels only in a single epithelial cell population, the proximal tubular epithelial cells of the kidney. However, it was diffusely expressed in various carcinomas originating from kidney, colon, lung, and breast. Using a specific polyclonal antibody, we have not determined that the DD96 protein product is a 17-kd membrane-associated protein, which we have therefore redesignated MAP17. In normal tissues, MAP17 is expressed in significant amounts only in the kidney, where it was localized to the brush border of proximal tubular epithelial cells. However, MAP17 is expressed abundantly in carcinomas arising from kidney, colon, lung, and breast, in some cases with a membrane-associated apical glandular distribution. In tissue culture, MAP17 was localized to the cell membrane in areas of cell-cell contact, ie, the distribution of cell-function-associated proteins. Transfection of a full-length wild-type DD96 cDNA clone into a colon carcinoma cell line, HT-29, markedly decreased cell proliferation in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. Although the precise function of MAP17 remains to be determined, our findings suggest that this protein may play an important role in tumor biology.
USING CELLULAR TELEPHONES FOR AUTOMATIC VEHICLE TRACKING. NAV 85 - LAND NAVIGATION AND LOCATION FOR MOBILE APPLICATIONS - PAPERS PRESENTED AT THE 1985 CONFERENCE OF THE ROYAL INSTITUTE OF NAVIGATION, YORK, 9-11 SEPTEMBER 1985 (1985)

This paper describes a loran-c-based automatic vehicle tracking system which is integrated with a vehicular cellular telephone. The vehicle subsystem consists of a loran-c receiver and an interface module which automatically dials the host computer on the vehicle's telephone, transfers the vehicle position information, and hangs up. This event is accomplished without interfering with the normal operation of the telephone. A brief background to avl technology is provided along with a description of the loran-c radionavigation system and how it's use is optimized for terrestrial application. A brief background and description of the cellular telephone system and the techniques developed to provide error-free transmission of data from moving vehicles is also provided. Finally, the system components are described and a brief synopsis is given of the unique characteristics of avl systems in which data communications are provided by the cellular telephone system. (TRRL)
A flexible representation of omic knowledge for thorough analysis of microarray data (2006)

GSCope3 can statistically analyze microarray data in the context of any OSML-represented omic knowledge. OSML is not restricted to a specific data type structure, but it can represent a wide range of omic knowledge. It allows us to convert new types of omic knowledge into datasets that can be used for microarray data analysis with GSCope3. In addition to BiKLi, by collecting various types of omic knowledge as OSML libraries, it becomes possible for us to conduct detailed thorough analysis from various biological viewpoints. GSCope3 and BiKLi are available for academic users at our web site http://omicspace.riken.jp.
Experimental control of pancreatic development and maintenance (2002)

To investigate the role of the HOX-like homeoprotein PDX1 in the formation and maintenance of the pancreas, we have genetically engineered mice so that the only source of PDX1 is a transgene that can be controlled by the application of tetracycline or its analogue doxycycline. In these mice the coding region for the tetracycline-regulated transactivator (tTA(off)) has replaced the coding region of the endogenous Pdx1 gene to ensure correct temporal and spatial expression of the regulatable transactivator. In the absence of doxycycline, tTA(off) activates the transcription of a bicistronic transgene encoding PDX1 and an enhanced green fluorescent protein reporter, which acts as a visual marker of transgene expression in living cells. Expression of the transgene-encoded PDX1 rescues the Pdx1-null phenotype; the pancreata of these mice develop and function normally. The rescue is conditional; doxycycline-mediated repression of the transgenic Pdx1 throughout gestation recapitulates the Pdx1 null phenotype. Moreover, application of doxycycline at mid-pancreogenesis blocks further development. Adult animals of the rescue genotype that were treated with doxycycline for 3 weeks shut off Pdx1 expression, decreased insulin production, and lost the ability to maintain glucose homeostasis. These results demonstrate the feasibility of controlling the formation of an organ during embryogenesis in utero and the maintenance of the mature organ through the experimental manipulation of a key developmental regulator.
Investigating the boosting framework for face recognition (2007)

The boosting framework has shown good performance in face recognition. By combining a set of features with Adaboost, a similarity function is developed which determines if a pair of face images belongs to the same person or not. Recently, many features have been used in combination with Adaboost, achieving good results on the FERET database. In this paper we compare the results of several features on the same database and discuss our solutions on some of the open issues in this method. We compare the boosting framework with some standard algorithms and test the boosting algorithm under difficult circumstances, like illumination and registration noise.
Insulin Stimulates Transepithelial Sodium Transport by Activation of a Protein Phosphatase That Increases Na-K Atpase Activity in Endometrial Epithelial Cells (1999)

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of insulin and insulin-like growth factor I on transepithelial Na(+) transport across porcine glandular endometrial epithelial cells grown in primary culture. Insulin and insulin-like growth factor I acutely stimulated Na(+) transport two- to threefold by increasing Na(+)-K(+) ATPase transport activity and basolateral membrane K(+) conductance without increasing the apical membrane amiloride-sensitive Na(+) conductance. Long-term exposure to insulin for 4 d resulted in enhanced Na(+) absorption with a further increase in Na(+)-K(+) ATPase transport activity and an increase in apical membrane amiloride-sensitive Na(+) conductance. The effect of insulin on the Na(+)-K(+) ATPase was the result of an increase in V(max) for extracellular K(+) and intracellular Na(+), and an increase in affinity of the pump for Na(+). Immunohistochemical localization along with Western blot analysis of cultured porcine endometrial epithelial cells revealed the presence of alpha-1 and alpha-2 isoforms, but not the alpha-3 isoform of Na(+)-K(+) ATPase, which did not change in the presence of insulin. Insulin-stimulated Na(+) transport was inhibited by hydroxy-2-naphthalenylmethylphosphonic acid tris-acetoxymethyl ester [HNMPA-(AM)(3)], a specific inhibitor of insulin receptor tyrosine kinase activity, suggesting that the regulation of Na(+) transport by insulin involves receptor autophosphorylation. Pretreatment with wortmannin, a specific inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase as well as okadaic acid and calyculin A, inhibitors of protein phosphatase activity, also blocked the insulin-stimulated increase in short circuit and pump currents, suggesting that activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and subsequent stimulation of a protein phosphatase mediates the action of insulin on Na(+)-K(+) ATPase activation.
Fast quantum modular exponentiation (2005)

We present a detailed analysis of the impact on quantum modular exponentiation of architectural features and possible concurrent gate execution. Various arithmetic algorithms are evaluated for execution time, potential concurrency, and space trade-offs. We find that to exponentiate an $n\text{\ensuremath{-}}\text{bit}$ number, for storage space $100n$ (20 times the minimum $5n$), we can execute modular exponentiation 200--700 times faster than optimized versions of the basic algorithms, depending on architecture, for $n=128$. Addition on a neighbor-only architecture is limited to $O(n)$ time, whereas non-neighbor architectures can reach $O(\mathrm{log}\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}n)$, demonstrating that physical characteristics of a computing device have an important impact on both real-world running time and asymptotic behavior. Our results will help guide experimental implementations of quantum algorithms and devices.
New approach to fabricate an extremely super‐amphiphobic surface based on fluorinated silica nanoparticles (2008)

Abstract Superoleophobic surfaces possessing static contact angles greater than 140° with organic liquids are extremely rare. A simple approach has been developed to fabricate an extremely superamphiphobic coating material based on fluorinated silica nanoparticles resulting contact angles of water and diiodomethane at 167.5° and 158.6°, respectively. The contact angle of diiodomethane at 158.6° is substantially higher than the highest literature reported value we know of at 110°. In addition, this developed film also possesses extremely high contact angles with other organic liquids such as soybean oil (146.6°), decahysronaphthalene (142.5°), diesel fuel (140.4°), and xylene (140.5°). This developed superamphiphobic organic–inorganic hybrid film possesses unique liquid repellency for both water and organic liquids that can be used as functional coatings on numerous substrates by a simple coating process. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 46: 1984–1990, 2008
Trans‐Regulation and differential cell specificity of human papillomavirus types 16, 18, and 11 cis‐acting elements (1989)

The noncoding region (ncr) of human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16, 18, and 11 contains promoter and/or enhancer function. We have localized the sequence containing the constitutive enhancers of HPV types 16, 18, and 11 to 315, 230, and 213 bp fragments, respectively, for comparative studies. The region of homology shared between the enhancers of the three viruses is limited to the sequence ATTTTTGGCTT, which is also present in the ncr of HPV 6b and 33. We have also examined the enhancer activity of the HPV ncrs in three human cervical carcinoma cell lines, one noncervical human carcinoma cell line, and one monkey kidney established cell line. We observed cell-specific differences in the constitutive expression of the enhancers in the various cell lines. The conditional enhancer activity of the ncr of the viruses is increased in trans by the E2 gene product of HPV 16. Transactivation by E2 is mediated through the E2 binding motif on HPV enhancer plasmids with a heterologous but not with a homologous promoter. Our preliminary studies also indicate a repressor function for the E7 gene of HPV 16.
The Interplay between the Glucocorticoid Receptor and Nuclear Factor-κB or Activator Protein-1: Molecular Mechanisms for Gene Repression (2003)

The inflammatory response is a highly regulated physiological process that is critically important for homeostasis. A precise physiological control of inflammation allows a timely reaction to invading pathogens or to other insults without causing overreaction liable to damage the host. The cellular signaling pathways identified as important regulators of inflammation are the signal transduction cascades mediated by the nuclear factor-kappaB and the activator protein-1, which can both be modulated by glucocorticoids. Their use in the clinic includes treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, allograft rejection, and allergic skin diseases. Although glucocorticoids have been widely used since the late 1940s, the molecular mechanisms responsible for their antiinflammatory activity are still under investigation. The various molecular pathways proposed so far are discussed in more detail.
Abstract 1234: Galeterone-induced degradation of the androgen receptor involves inhibition of deubiquitinating enzymes (2016)

Abstract Galeterone is a highly selective oral small molecule drug candidate that disrupts androgen receptor (AR) signaling through degradation of the AR, is a potent CYP17 lyase inhibitor, and possesses AR antagonist activity. Galeterone-induced AR degradation was observed in models having either full-length AR or known constitutively active truncated forms of the AR receptor that lack the ligand binding domain (LBD), AR-V7 and AR567es, suggesting the LBD of the AR is not required for galeterone-dependent AR degradation. Further, galeterone-induced AR degradation activity is blocked by co-administration of the proteasome inhibitor MG132. Along these lines, galeterone-induced AR degradation can be blocked by selective knock-down of the E3 ligases, Mdm2 and CHIP. We utilized a series of biochemical and cell-based in vitro methodologies to further elucidate and characterize additional signaling molecules participating in the proteasomal-dependent mechanism of galeterone-induced AR degradation. We screened a panel of 22 deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) in vitro and demonstrated that galeterone selectively inhibited enzymatic activity of two of the DUBs, USP12 and USP46. Separately, we used surface plasmon resonance to demonstrate a dose-dependent direct binding of galeterone to each of USP12 and USP46, alone or when pre-complexed with UAF1. USP12 is a co-activator of the AR, and selective knock-down of this DUB has been shown to increase AR degradation. USP12/USP46 have also been linked to regulation of phosphatases (PHLPPs) through ubiquitination. PHLPPs dephosphorylate AKT, providing an important regulatory mechanism for controlling the PI3K/AKT pathway. It is known that galeterone induces an increase in pAKT and pMdm2, the latter being a substrate of activated AKT. This suggests that inhibition of USP12/USP46 may regulate pAKT levels through enhanced degradation of PHLPPs via increased ubiquitination. These data support a differentiating mechanism of galeterone from other AR targeting agents whereby inhibition of USP12/USP46 leads to enhanced AR degradation. Citation Format: Daniel T. Dransfield, Nivedita Namdev, Douglas B. Jacoby, Karen Ferrante. Galeterone-induced degradation of the androgen receptor involves inhibition of deubiquitinating enzymes. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 1234.
Copper(I)-Catalyzed Synthesis of Azoles. DFT Study Predicts Unprecedented Reactivity and Intermediates (2004)

Huisgen's 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions become nonconcerted when copper(I) acetylides react with azides and nitrile oxides, providing ready access to 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles and 3,4-disubstituted isoxazoles, respectively. The process is highly reliable and exhibits an unusually wide scope with respect to both components. Computational studies revealed a stepwise mechanism involving unprecedented metallacycle intermediates, which appear to be common for a variety of dipoles.
Detection of HPV DNA in archival specimens of cervical cancer using in situ hybridisation and the polymerase chain reaction (1992)

An archival survey of 98 cervical cancer specimens dating from the 1920s to the 1980s was undertaken to determine whether changes had occurred in the prevalence of human papilloma-virus (HPV) DNA. HPV DNA was detected in paraffin sections of cancers fixed in 10% formalin by in situ hybridisation (ISH) using HPV 6, 11, 16, and 18 32P-labelled DNA probes under conditions of high stringency; and by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using 20-mer oligonucleotide primers to amplify 109 bases of the E6 region of HPV 16. In 30 instances results obtained from Southern blot hybridisations which had been carried out on specimens of fresh tissue from the same cancers collected during the 1980s were available for comparison. The rates of HPV DNA detection in cervical cancers ranged from 83% (by Southern or PCR) and 70% (by ISH) on specimens from the 1980s, to 50% and 63% (by ISH and PCR, respectively) on specimens from the 1920s. HPV 16 was by far the most common type, being identified by Southern or ISH in approximately 92% of HPV DNA-positive specimens. No significant change in the prevalence of HPV DNA, or of HPV types, in cervical cancers was found over the 65 year period examined.
Psychometric Properties of the Life Events Checklist (2004)

The Life Events Checklist (LEC), a measure of exposure to potentially traumatic events, was developed at the National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) concurrently with the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) to facilitate the diagnosis of PTSD. Although the CAPS is recognized as the gold standard in PTSD symptom assessment, the psychometric soundness of the LEC has never been formally evaluated. The studies reported here describe the performance of the LEC in two samples: college undergraduates and combat veterans. The LEC exhibited adequate temporal stability, good convergence with an established measure of trauma history -- the Traumatic Life Events Questionnaire (TLEQ) -- and was comparable to the TLEQ in associations with variables known to be correlated with traumatic exposure in a sample of undergraduates. In a clinical sample of combat veterans, the LEC was significantly correlated, in the predicted directions, with measures of psychological distress and was strongly associated with PTSD symptoms.
Airway Inflammation in Mild Intermittent and in Persistent Asthma (1998)

The severity of asthma can be graded from mild intermittent to severe persistent. Airway inflammation is a feature of persistent asthma. We compared several markers of inflammation in mucosal biopsies and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL fluid) from 12 healthy control subjects, 24 patients with intermittent asthma, and 18 patients with mild-to-moderate persistent asthma. Epithelial shedding, eosinophil (EG2-positive cells), and activated T-cell (UCHL1) counts in biopsies, and ECP levels in BAL fluids were significantly increased in patients with intermittent asthma by comparison with control subjects and this increase was significantly greater for patients with persistent asthma. Alveolar macrophage activation (percentage of hypodense cells) and the thickness of the basement membrane were significantly increased in asthmatic subjects as compared with controls but there was no difference between the two asthmatic groups. Hyaluronic acid levels in BAL fluids were significantly increased in patients with persistent asthma by comparison with control subjects and patients with intermittent asthma. Mast cell numbers (toluidine blue) in biopsies and histamine or levels in BAL fluids were similar in the three groups. This study shows that airways inflammation is present in patients with intermittent asthma but to a lesser extent than in patients with persistent asthma.
Dominoes and Clocks: the Union of Two Views of the Cell Cycle (1989)

We review the recent advances in understanding transitions within the cell cycle. These have come from both genetic and biochemical approaches. We discuss the phylogenetic conservation of the mechanisms that induce mitosis and their implications for other transitions in the cell cycle.
Shape-correlated deformation statistics for respiratory motion prediction in 4D lung (2010)

4D image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT) for free-breathing lungs is challenging due to the complicated respiratory dynamics. Effective modeling of respiratory motion is crucial to account for the motion affects on the dose to tumors. We propose a shape-correlated statistical model on dense image deformations for patient-specic respiratory motion estimation in 4D lung IGRT. Using the shape deformations of the high-contrast lungs as the surrogate, the statistical model trained from the planning CTs can be used to predict the image deformation during delivery verication time, with the assumption that the respiratory motion at both times are similar for the same patient. Dense image deformation fields obtained by diffeomorphic image registrations characterize the respiratory motion within one breathing cycle. A point-based particle optimization algorithm is used to obtain the shape models of lungs with group-wise surface correspondences. Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) is adopted in training to maximize the linear correlation between the shape variations of the lungs and the corresponding dense image deformations. Both intra- and inter-session CT studies are carried out on a small group of lung cancer patients and evaluated in terms of the tumor location accuracies. The results suggest potential applications using the proposed method.
Removal of volatile organic compounds from air streams and industrial flue gases by non-thermal plasma technology (2000)

Gaseous pollution control technologies for acid gases (NO/sub x/, SO/sub x/, etc.), volatile organic compounds (VOC), greenhouse gases, ozone layer depleting substance (ODS), etc., have been commercialized based on catalysis, incineration and adsorption methods. However, non-thermal plasma techniques based on electron beams and corona discharges become significant due to advantages such as lower cost, higher removal efficiency, smaller space volume, etc. In order to commercialize this new technology, the following needs faster investigation: pollution gas removal rates, energy efficiency of removal, pressure drop of reactors, usable byproduct production rates, identification of major fundamental processes, and optimization of reactor and power supply for an integrated system. In this work, recent development of gaseous pollution control technology based on discharge plasmas is reviewed critically and the principle of processes and reactor technologies are outlined.