gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
IL-1 Receptor Deficiency Slows Progression to Diabetes in the NOD Mouse (2004)

Proinflammatory cytokines are believed to be important in pancreatic beta-cell destruction in the development of type 1 diabetes. They act by upregulation of genes including Fas and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which have both been shown to lead to beta-cell death in vitro. We used mice deficient in the interleukin (IL)-1 receptor (IL-1R) to assess the contribution of IL-1 to different models of diabetes. IL-1R-deficient islets were protected from the damaging effects of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interferon (IFN)-gamma in vitro, and beta-cell expression of iNOS was reduced, suggesting that IL-1 mediates the induction of iNOS by TNF and IFN-gamma. IL-1 action was not required for induction of class I major histocompatibility complex or Fas by TNF and IFN-gamma. IL-1R-deficient nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice developed diabetes significantly slower than wild-type mice. IL-1R deficiency did not affect diabetes in 8.3 TCR transgenic NOD mice but prolonged the time to diabetes in BDC2.5 TCR transgenic NOD mice. We conclude that IL-1R deficiency slows progression to diabetes in NOD mice but on its own does not prevent diabetes.
Solid-phase synthesis of protected peptides on a polymer-bound oxime: preparation of segments comprising the sequence of a cytotoxic 26-peptide analog (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSolid-phase synthesis of protected peptides on a polymer-bound oxime: preparation of segments comprising the sequence of a cytotoxic 26-peptide analogW. F. DeGrado and E. T. KaiserCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1982, 47, 17, 3258–3261Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00138a011https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00138a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views546Altmetric-Citations134LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Multiple Target Localization Using Compressive Sensing (2009)

In this paper, a novel multiple target localization approach is proposed by exploiting the compressive sensing theory, which indicates that sparse or compressible signals can be recovered from far fewer samples than that needed by the Nyquist sampling theorem. We formulate the multiple target locations as a sparse matrix in the discrete spatial domain. The proposed algorithm uses the received signal strengths (RSSs) to find the location of targets. Instead of recording all RSSs over the spatial grid to construct a radio map from targets, far fewer numbers of RSS measurements are collected, and a data pre-processing procedure is introduced. Then, the target locations can be recovered from these noisy measurements, only through an ¿ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> -minimization program. The proposed approach reduces the number of measurements in a logarithmic sense, while achieves a high level of localization accuracy. Analytical studies and simulations are provided to show the performance of the proposed approach on localization accuracy.
Layer-by-layer electrostatic self-assembly of nanoscale Fe3O4 particles and polyimide precursor on silicon and silica surfaces (1997)

Monolayer and multilayer ultrathin films comprised of nanosized iron oxide (Fe3O4) particles and polyimide molecules have been fabricated on single crystal silicon and quartz substrates by a novel layer-by-layer electrostatic self-assembly process. This process involves the alternate dipping of a substrate into an aqueous solution of anionic polyimide precursor (polyamic acid salt, PAATEA), followed by dipping into an aqueous solution of polycation polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDDA) which coats on nanoscale Fe3O4 particles as a stabilizer. The growth process and the structure have been characterized using UV-vis spectroscopy, contact angle, and ellipsometry measurements. The results suggest that well-ordered uniform monolayer and multilayer magnetic films have been formed on silicon and silica surfaces. A recently developed highly sensitive fiber optic magnetic field sensor was used to probe the small magnetic field intensity produced by the multilayer films.
Comparison of the SRK/T formula and other theoretical and regression formulas (1990)

We compared the predictive accuracy of the SRK/T formula to the SRK II, Binkhorst II, Hoffer, and Holladay formulas in seven series of cases totaling 1,050 eyes. In the combined group, the SRK/T and Holladay formulas performed only slightly better than the other formulas. In short eyes (less than 22 mm), all formulas performed well, with the SRK/T, SRK II, and Holladay formulas performing marginally better. In moderately long eyes (greater than 24.5 mm, less than or equal to 27 mm), the Hoffer and Binkhorst II formulas had a greater proportion of cases with greater than 2 diopters (D) of error and the SRK/T and Holladay were again marginally better. In the very long eyes (greater than 27 mm and less than or equal to 28.4 mm), there were only 11 cases and all formulas performed well since none had greater than 2 D of prediction error. In an extremely long eye data set (greater than 28.4 mm), the SRK II formula clearly gave the poorest result. Eyes of this length occurred in only 0.1% of cases in our unselected series. Results support the contention that the present second and third generation IOL power formulas give fairly equivalent accuracy. Other factors, such as availability, ease of use, and ability to tailor or individualize, become major considerations.
The Drying and Preservation of Bacterial Cultures (1949)

SUMMARY: Working details are given for keeping as desiccates a collection of some 1500 strains of bacteria. The efficacy of drying, the various methods of freezing, and the effect of storage were tested by viable counts, using a spinning bottle modification of the roll-tube method. The survival rate of bacteria suspended in broth or other protective colloids, and subjected to freezing at − 78°, varied with the species from about 100 % with the resistant Staphylococcus aureus to about 10 % with the sensitive Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and from about 100 to 1·5 % or less, respectively, when the organisms were suspended in saline. The percentage of organisms which survive the freeze-drying process was found to vary with the species, from 100 % to less than 1·0 % when the organisms were suspended in broth and from 100 to no survivors when the organisms were suspended in saline. The storage loss of dried cultures was found to be a function of the storage temperature; however, suitably dried cultures could be kept at room temperature for very long periods. By far the most important factor influencing loss on storage was the presence of traces of moisture, and to ensure optimal survival the cultures must be as dry as possible. It appears that even with adequately dried cultures the presence of oxygen is deleterious. The survival rate of bacteria in a sample of dried culture after heating to 80° for 1 hr., determined by plating a suspension of the heated sample in broth, provides a simple measure of the capacity of the particular batch of the dried culture to remain viable on storage at ordinary temperatures.
Functional and Structural Benefits Induced by Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids During Aging (2016)

This review shows that n-3 PUFA are essential for a successful aging and appear as ideal cognitive enhancers to be implemented in nutritional interventions for the promotion of healthy aging.
Chapter 4. The effect of a magnetic field on chemical reactions (1975)

P. W. Atkins and T. P. Lambert, Annu. Rep. Prog. Chem., Sect. A. Inorg. and Phys. Chem, 1975, 72, 67 DOI: 10.1039/PR9757200067
Darstellung von D‐Tagatose (1969)

Abstract Ausgehend von D ‐Galaktose (1) erhält man über die Zwischenstufen 1‐Desoxy‐1‐dibenzylamino‐ D ‐tagatose (2) und 1‐Desoxy‐1‐amino‐ D ‐tagatose (3) mit einer Gesamtausbeute von 16% d.Th. kristallisierte analysenreine D ‐Tagatose (4) .
Mitogens for adult rat aortic vascular smooth muscle cells in serum-free primary culture (1994)

Freshly dispersed vascular smooth muscle cells plated onto fibronectin in the absence of serum proliferate in response to PDGF-BB, basic fibroblast growth factor, and epidermal growth factor by stimulating DNA synthesis. The range of mitogens and the time course of entry into DNA synthesis under these culture conditions suggest that serum-free culture provides a good model for the responses of medial vascular smooth muscle cells in vivo.
Chronic stress prior to pregnancy potentiated long-lasting postpartum depressive-like behavior, regulated by Akt-mTOR signaling in the hippocampus (2016)

Postpartum depression (PPD) affects over 10% of new mothers and adversely impacts the health of offspring. One of the greatest risk factors for PPD is prepregnancy stress but the underlying biological mechanism is unknown. Here we constructed an animal model which recapitulated prepregnancy stress induced PPD and tested the role of Akt-mTOR signaling in the hippocampus. Female virgin Balb/c mice received chronic restraint stress, followed by co-housing with a normal male mouse. We found that the chronic stress led to a transient depressive-like condition that disappeared within two weeks. However, prepregnantly stressed females developed long-term postpartum depressive-like (PPD-like) symptoms as indicated by deficient performance in tests of sucrose preference, forced swim, and novelty-suppressed feeding. Chronic stress induced transient decrease in Akt-mTOR signaling and altered expressions of glutamate receptor subunits NR1 and GluR1, in contrast to long-term deficits in Akt-mTOR signaling, GluR1/NR1 ratio, and hippocampal neurogenesis in PPD-like mice. Acute ketamine improved the molecular signaling abnormality, and reversed the behavioral deficits in PPD-like mice in a rapid and persistent manner, in contrast to ineffectiveness by chronic fluoxetine treatment. Taken together, we find that chronic prepregnancy stress potentiates a long-term PPD, in which Akt-mTOR signaling may play a crucial role.
Fumaric acid esters in severe psoriasis, including experience of use in combination with other systemic modalities (2004)

FAE appear effective and less toxic than other systemic treatments for psoriasis. FAE were used successfully in combination with other systemic agents and generally enabled the doses of the more hazardous drugs to be reduced. Extremely careful monitoring is required when using FAE in such combined regimens as experience is currently very limited.
Molecular Grading of Urothelial Cell Carcinoma With Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 3 and MIB-1 is Superior to Pathologic Grade for the Prediction of Clinical Outcome (2003)

The FGFR3 mutation represents the favorable molecular pathway of UCC. Molecular grading provides a new, simple, and highly reproducible tool for clinical decision making in UCC patients.
Autoantibodies and their significance (1993)

In systemic lupus erythematosus, autoantibodies have structural features that indicate in vivo selection by a T cell-dependent, antigen-driven process. The B-cell component of these responses resembles a conventional antibody response, whereas the T-cell component may involve diverse stimulatory mechanisms and levels of regulatory control. Characterizing T-cell epitopes of autoantigens has been difficult because these molecules are ubiquitous and exist inside the cells as multicomponent, macromolecular complexes. Autoantibodies can mediate disease manifestations by various mechanisms, with variable region structures determining the pattern and severity of tissue injury.
Total Synthesis and Stereochemical Assignment of the Quinquecyclopropane-Containing Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein Inhibitor U-106305 (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTTotal Synthesis and Stereochemical Assignment of the Quinquecyclopropane-Containing Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein Inhibitor U-106305Anthony G. M. Barrett, Dieter Hamprecht, Andrew J. P. White, and David J. WilliamsView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine, London, SW7 2AY, U.K. Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 33, 7863–7864Publication Date (Web):August 21, 1996Publication History Received29 April 1996Published online21 August 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja961399nhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja961399nrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views559Altmetric-Citations50LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Cyclopropanation,Hydrocarbons,Molecular structure,Redox reactions,Stereochemistry Get e-Alerts
Mass Spectrometry Provides Accurate Characterization of two Genetic Marker Types in Bacillus Anthracis (2004)

Epidemiological and forensic analyses of bioterrorism events involving Bacillus anthracis could be improved if both variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) could be combined on a single analysis platform. Here we present the use of electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (ESI-FTICR-MS) to characterize 24 alleles from 6 VNTR loci and 11 alleles from 7 SNP loci in B. anthracis. The results obtained with ESI-FTICR-MS were consistent with independent results obtained from traditional approaches using electrophoretic detection of fluorescent products. However, ESI-FTICR-MS improves on the traditional approaches because it does not require fluorescent labeling of PCR products, minimizes post-PCR processing, obviates electrophoresis, and provides unambiguous base composition of both SNP and VNTR PCR products. In addition, ESI-FTICR-MS allows both marker types to be examined simultaneously and at a rate of approximately 1 sample per min. This technology represents a significant advance in our ability to rapidly characterize B. anthracis isolates using VNTR and SNP loci.
A perceptual model for disparity (2011)

Binocular disparity is an important cue for the human visual system to recognize spatial layout, both in reality and simulated virtual worlds. This paper introduces a perceptual model of disparity for computer graphics that is used to define a metric to compare a stereo image to an alternative stereo image and to estimate the magnitude of the perceived disparity change. Our model can be used to assess the effect of disparity to control the level of undesirable distortions or enhancements (introduced on purpose). A number of psycho-visual experiments are conducted to quantify the mutual effect of disparity magnitude and frequency to derive the model. Besides difference prediction, other applications include compression, and re-targeting. We also present novel applications in form of hybrid stereo images and backward-compatible stereo. The latter minimizes disparity in order to convey a stereo impression if special equipment is used but produces images that appear almost ordinary to the naked eye. The validity of our model and difference metric is again confirmed in a study.
Production of Recombinant Antigens of Ureaplasma parvum Serotypes 3 and 6 for Development of a Serological Assay (2007)

Recombinant antigens of Ureaplasma parvum serotypes 3 and 6 were produced in order to develop a serological assay for Ureaplasma antibody detection. The genes of the multiple banded antigen (MBA) were amplified by PCR and cloned in a pTrcHis TOPO plasmid. Purified recombinant proteins were evaluated in Western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with monoclonal antibodies and human sera. Our approach was successful in the production of the recombinant MBAs (rMBAs) for serotypes 3 and 6. The antigens tested positive with serotype-specific monoclonal antibodies in Western blotting and in ELISA. Prominent reactions were detected with the rMBAs and their homologous monoclonal antibodies. Strong cross-reactions were visible in ELISA between rMBA 3 and the monoclonal antibodies from the other U. parvum serotypes. A weak cross-reaction was seen with rMBA 3 and the monoclonal antibody from serotype 4. rMBA 6 showed cross-reaction only with the monoclonal antibody from U. parvum serotype 1. Fifty-one percent of the sera obtained from culture-positive women reacted with one or both rMBAs. Only three (15%) of the sera from culture-negative women reacted with the rMBA. The positive reactions were observed only with rMBA 6. These preliminary tests showed the potential usefulness of the rMBAs produced for detecting an antibody response against Ureaplasma antigens.
Design and Pharmacology of N-[(3R)-1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinolinium- 3-ylcarbonyl]-(1R)-1-(4-chlorobenzyl)- 2-[4-cyclohexyl-4-(1H-1,2,4-triazol- 1-ylmethyl)piperidin-1-yl]-2-oxoethylamine (1), a Potent, Selective, Melanocortin Subtype-4 Receptor Agonist (2002)

Synthetic and natural peptides that act as nonselective melanocortin receptor agonists have been found to be anorexigenic and to stimulate erectile activity. We report the design and development of 1, a potent, selective (1184-fold vs MC3R, 350-fold vs MC5R), small-molecule agonist of the MC4 receptor. Pharmacological testing confirms the food intake lowering effects of MC4R agonism and suggests another role for the receptor in the stimulation of erectile activity.
Novel Modulator of NaV1.1 and NaV1.2 Na+Channels in Rat Neuronal Cells (2010)

A novel modulator of sodium ion currents was synthesized in 6 steps from a protected dihydroxypyrrolidine nitrone, via 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction with acrylamide. Sodium ion currents in B50 cells were evaluated in comparison to saxitoxin and tetrodotoxin, and revealed an IC(50) of 15.7 muM. The new compound shows no evidence of binding to the C-lobe of the saxitoxin-binding protein saxiphilin.
Isoforms of human HGF and their biological activities. (1993)

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a plasminogen-like protein thought to be a humoral mediator of liver regeneration. It is produced by stromal fibroblasts and acts as a mitogen for a variety of target cells. Scatter factor, a stimulant of epithelial and vascular endothelial cell motility, is the same as HGF. HGF mediates its effects by activation of a membrane-spanning tyrosine kinase, recently identified as the met proto-oncogene product. We purified a naturally occurring hepatocyte growth factor variant, whose predicted sequence extends only through the second kringle domain of this plasminogen-related molecule. This smaller molecule, derived from an alternative HGF transcript, lacked mitogenic activity but specifically inhibited HGF-induced mitogenesis. Cross-linking studies demonstrated that the truncated molecule competes with HGF for binding to the c-met proto-oncogene product. Thus, the same gene encodes both a growth factor and its direct antagonist.
Randomized phase II study of cetuximab in combination with cisplatin (C) and vinorelbine (V) vs. CV alone in the first-line treatment of patients (pts) with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-expressing advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (2004)

7012 Background: NSCLC is a tumor with high EGFR-expression in the majority of cases. Since there is still a need for improvement in the outcome of patients with NSCLC, we evaluated the addition of cetuximab (Erbitux), an IgG1 monoclonal antibody targeting the EGFR, to CV, a standard chemotherapy in NSCLC, in first-line treatment of patients with NSCLC. Combinations of cetuximab and chemotherapy have shown to be effective and safe in several EGFR-expressing tumors such as colorectal cancer and head and neck cancer. Methods: Neither of the patients had received prior chemotherapy. All patients were treated with C 80 mg/m2 d1 and V 25 mg/m2 d1 and 8, q3 and were randomized to either receive additional cetuximab 400 mg/m2 week 1 and 250 mg/m2 weekly thereafter (arm A) or no additional treatment (arm B). Results: 101/112 (90%) of pts screened had EGFR-expressing tumors. Enrollment was completed with a total of 86 pts: 43 (10 f, 33 m) in arm A and 43 (12 f, 31 m) in arm B. The following patient/tumor characteristics were similar in both treatment arms: median age of 58 y (34–75), median KPS of 90, 92% of patients had stage IV NSCLC, 42% had adenocarcinoma and 42% had squamous cell carcinoma. Relevant grade 3/4 adverse events in arm A (B) were: leucopenia 64.3% (51.2), nausea/vomiting 16.7% (14.0), asthenia/fatigue 16.7% (2.3), infection 11.9% (4.7), fever/chills 9.5% (7.0), thrombocytopenia 7.1% (4.7), acne-like rash 4.8% (0), diarrhea 2.4% (0). Confirmed response rates based on preliminary assesment of 41 pts in arm A were 31.7% (C.I.: 17.5 - 46.0) [13 PR, 18 SD, 3 PD], and of 40 pts in arm B: 20.0% (C.I.: 7.6 –32.4) [8 PR, 17 SD, 13 PD], TTP based on 79% of events is 4.7 months in arm A and 4.2 months in arm B. Conclusions: Cetuximab can safely be added to the regimen of cisplatin and vinorelbine, with evidence suggesting enhancement of activity. No significant financial relationships to disclose.