gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effective Mucosal Immunity to Anthrax: Neutralizing Antibodies and Th Cell Responses Following Nasal Immunization with Protective Antigen (2003)

Mucosal, but not parenteral, immunization induces immune responses in both systemic and secretory immune compartments. Thus, despite the reports that Abs to the protective Ag of anthrax (PA) have both anti-toxin and anti-spore activities, a vaccine administered parenterally, such as the aluminum-adsorbed anthrax vaccine, will most likely not induce the needed mucosal immunity to efficiently protect the initial site of infection with inhaled anthrax spores. We therefore took a nasal anthrax vaccine approach to attempt to induce protective immunity both at mucosal surfaces and in the peripheral immune compartment. Mice nasally immunized with recombinant PA (rPA) and cholera toxin (CT) as mucosal adjuvant developed high plasma PA-specific IgG Ab responses. Plasma IgA Abs as well as secretory IgA anti-PA Abs in saliva, nasal washes, and fecal extracts were also induced when a higher dose of rPA was used. The anti-PA IgG subclass responses to nasal rPA plus CT consisted of IgG1 and IgG2b Abs. A more balanced profile of IgG subclasses with IgG1, IgG2a, and IgG2b Abs was seen when rPA was given with a CpG oligodeoxynucleotide as adjuvant, suggesting a role for the adjuvants in the nasal rPA-induced immunity. The PA-specific CD4(+) T cells from mice nasally immunized with rPA and CT as adjuvant secreted low levels of CD4(+) Th1-type cytokines in vitro, but exhibited elevated IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, and IL-10 responses. The functional significance of the anti-PA Ab responses was established in an in vitro macrophage toxicity assay in which both plasma and mucosal secretions neutralized the lethal effects of Bacillus anthracis toxin.
Development of a New s-Tetrazine-Based Copolymer for Efficient Solar Cells (2010)

A new s-tetrazine-based low-bandgap semiconducting polymer, PCPDTTTz, was designed and synthesized. This is the first solution-processable conjugated polymer with tetrazine in the main chain. This polymer shows good thermal stability and broad absorption covering 450-700 nm. The HOMO and LUMO energy levels were estimated to be -5.34 and -3.48 eV, with an electrochemical bandgap of 1.86 eV. Simple polymer solar cells based on PCPDTTTz and PC(71)BM exhibit a calibrated power conversion efficiency of 5.4%.
An Introduction to Machine Translation (1992)

General introduction and brief history linguistic background computational aspects basic strategies analysis problems of transfer and interlingua generation the practical use of MT systems evaluation Systran SUSY Meteo (TAUM) Ariane (GETA) Eurotra METAL Rosetta DLT some other systems and directions of research.
Foetal H‐2Kb‐tsA58 Transgenic Mouse Tissue Develops Normally When Grafted to Adult Mouse Brain (1992)

This article has no abstract.
Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma after Treatment for Hodgkin’s Disease (1982)

A patient is described who developed a diffuse histiocytic lymphoma (DHL) 9 years after radiation therapy for Hodgkin's disease. This occurrence is of particular interest because the treatment for Hodgkin's disease included no chemotherapy and the second tumor appeared to originate remote from the irradiated site. Thus, the role of Hodgkin's disease treatment in the etiology of this patient's second lymphoma appears doubtful. The development of DHL in this patient could represent an unrelated event or conceivably an event facilitated by Hodgkin's disease itself.
Development of a Purified, Inactivated, Dengue-2 Virus Vaccine Prototype in Vero Cells: Immunogenicity and Protection in Mice and Rhesus Monkeys (1996)

The feasibility of a purified, inactivated dengue (DEN) vaccine made in Vero cells was explored. A DEN-2 virus candidate was chosen for production of a monotypic, purified, inactivated vaccine (PIV). Virus was harvested from roller bottle culture supernatants, concentrated, and purified on sucrose gradients. The purified virus was inactivated with 0.05% formalin at 22 degrees C. After inactivation, the virus retained its antigenicity and was immunogenic in mice and rhesus monkeys, in which it elicited high titers of DEN-2 virus-neutralizing antibody. Mice were completely protected against challenge with live, virulent virus after receiving two 0.15-microg doses of PIV. Monkeys vaccinated with three doses ranging as low as 0.25 microg demonstrated complete absence or a significant reduction in the number of days of viremia after challenge with homologous virus. These results warrant further testing and development of PIVs for other DEN virus serotypes.
The chemistry and biology of cyclotides. (2007)

Cyclotides are mini-proteins with a macrocyclic peptide backbone and cystine-knot arrangement of disulfide bonds that makes them exceptionally stable to chemical, thermal or enzymatic degradation. They have a diverse range of bioactivities and are amenable to chemical synthesis, making them accessible as molecular templates for protein engineering and drug design applications. In the last two years, methods have been developed for the production of cyclotides using inteins in bacterial expression systems and using plant cell cultures, adding to established methods based on solid-phase peptide synthesis. The availability of an enhanced armory of synthetic methods promises to expand the potential range of cyclotide-based applications.
Rare-earth-doped waveguide lasers in glass and LiNbO 3 : a review (1998)

This paper presents an overview of rare earth-doped waveguide lasers in both glass and lithium niobate (LiNbO<SUB>3</SUB>). The historical development of these devices together with the most recent advances in the field are described.
Primary Rat Embryo Cells Transformed by One or Two Oncogenes Show Different Metastatic Potentials (1986)

Second-passage rat embryo cells were transfected with a neomycin resistance gene and the activated form of the c-Ha-ras I gene, or with these two genes plus the adenovirus type 2 E1a gene. Foci of morphologically transformed cells were observed in both cases; however, the frequency of transformation was at least ten times higher with two oncogenes than with the ras gene alone. All the transformed cell lines gave rise to rapidly growing tumors when injected subcutaneously into nude mice. All but one of the cell lines transformed by the ras oncogene alone formed metastatic nodules in the lungs of animals that had been injected subcutaneously with transformed cells. When transformed cells were injected intravenously, all the ras single-gene transformants gave rise to many metastatic lung nodules. In contrast, cell lines transformed with ras and E1a did not generate metastases after subcutaneous injection and gave rise to very few metastatic lung nodules after intravenous injection. These data demonstrate that a fully malignant cell with metastatic potential, as measured in an immunodeficient animal, can be obtained from early passage embryo cells by the transfection of the ras oncogene alone.
A pivotal role for CC chemokine receptor 5 in T-cell migration to tumor sites induced by interleukin 12 treatment in tumor-bearing mice. (2002)

Interleukin (IL) 12 treatment in the CSA1M and OV-HM, but not in Meth A tumor models,induces tumor regression that is associated with T-cell migration to tumor sites.Here, we investigated the role of the CC chemokine receptor (CCR)5 in T-cell migration induced after IL-12 treatment. In the two IL-12-responsive tumor models (CSA1M and OV-HM), IL-12 treatment up-regulated the mRNA expression of CCR5 in splenic T cells as well as ligands for CCR5, such as macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP) 1alpha and MIP-1beta in tumor masses. In contrast, the expression of CCR5 in spleens and MIP-1alpha/MIP-1beta in tumor masses was marginally induced before and even after IL-12 treatment in the Meth A model in which T-cell migration is not observed. T cells infiltrating tumor masses in the former two IL-12-responsive models expressed CCR5. Administration of a synthetic CCR5 antagonist TAK-779 to tumor-bearing mice during IL-12 immunotherapy prevented T-cell migration and tumor regression. Furthermore, anti-CCR5 antibody was found to inhibit T-cell migration in the lymphoid cell migration assay. Namely, although splenic T cells prepared from IL-12-treated CSA1M or OV-HM-bearing mice migrated into the corresponding tumor masses in recipient mice, the migration was inhibited when donor T cells were treated with anti-CCR5 antibody before the injection. These results indicate a critical role for CCR5 in the induction of T-cell migration to tumor sites after IL-12 treatment.
Automated 3D Registration of Truncated MR and CT Images of the Head. (1995)

This paper presents a fully automated technique for the rigid body registration of clinically acquired MR and CT images of the head. We describe our multiresolution approach to the optimisation of voxel similarity measures and evaluate the performance of a number of measures when presented with clinical images with a small overlapping volume. Results are compared with those derived from manual registration by identification of corresponding point landmarks. We show that by limiting the measures to intra-cranial regions of the images, not containing deformable skin surface features, a greater accuracy may be provided for certain types of truncated image.
Enzyme Therapy for Lysosomal Storage Disease: Principles, Practice, and Prospects (2003)

Over the past three decades, enzyme therapy for lysosomal storage diseases has moved from an academic pursuit to direct delivery of effective clinical care for affected patients and families. This success is based on understanding the complexities of lysosomal biogenesis, lysosomal hydrolase sorting and hydrolytic requirements, and the target sites of pathology of these diseases. This article reviews these concepts and their application to the treatment of affected patients with Gaucher disease, Fabry disease, and mucopolysaccharidosis I. The principles, progress, and practice in these diseases provide prototypes for expansion of enzyme therapy to a growing set of these diseases.
Band-gap shifts in heavily dopedn-type GaAs (1986)

We present theoretical results for the band-gap shifts in heavily doped n-type GaAs. We find that the bands are far from being shifted rigidly. The states at the band edges are shifted more than the states with Fermi momentum. Consequently, the band-gap narrowing deduced from absorption experiments is strongly underestimated. Our results are compared to those from experiments on photoluminescence, cathodoluminescence, and diode-injection luminescence and from absorption measurements. Agreement is found with all the experimental results and we give a new explanation for the position of the luminescence peak in the diode-injection experiments and its shift with varying forward bias voltage.
Synthesis of Polymer Network Scaffolds from l-Lactide and Poly(ethylene glycol) and Their Interaction with Cells (1997)

New lactide-based poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) polymer networks (GL−PEGs) have been prepared by UV photopolymerization using two nontoxic macromers, triacrylated lactic acid oligomer emanating from a glycerol center (GL) and monoacrylated PEG. These materials have been developed for use as polymer scaffolds in tissue engineering, which have cell-adhesion resistant, ligand-immobilizable, and biodegradable characteristics. The GL−PEG cross-linked polymer networks obtained were glassy and transparent, and the gel content was approximately 90%, irrespective of the degree of polymerization of lactide on the glycerol center and the amount and molecular weight of the PEG acrylate incorporated. All networks showed relatively low swelling in water, due to their highly cross-linked nature. They had no melting endotherms, but they displayed glass transition temperatures indicative of phase-mixing of the PEG. Analysis by ESCA, contact angle measurement, and cell culture indicated the presence of PEG at the network surfaces and showed that higher molecular weight PEG was incorporated into the network surfaces to a higher extent, rendered the surfaces more hydrophilic, and repelled cell adhesion more effectively than did PEG of lower molecular weights. All GL networks showed much less adhesion and spreading of human foreskin fibroblasts than glass used as a control. In particular, GL−PEG networks were highly resistant to cell adhesion due to the mobile PEG chains. Given that the terminal hydroxyl function on the incorporated PEG can be readily derivatized with a bioactive peptide, these degradable networks should be useful as polymer scaffolds for tissue engineering.
Analysis of Mutational Lineage Trees from Sites of Primary and Secondary Ig Gene Diversification in Rabbits and Chickens (2004)

Lineage trees of mutated rearranged Ig V region sequences in B lymphocyte clones often serve to qualitatively illustrate claims concerning the dynamics of affinity maturation. In this study, we use a novel method for analyzing lineage tree shapes, using terms from graph theory to quantify the differences between primary and secondary diversification in rabbits and chickens. In these species, Ig gene diversification starts with rearrangement of a single (in chicken) or a few (in rabbit) V(H) genes. Somatic hypermutation and gene conversion contribute to primary diversification in appendix of young rabbits or in bursa of Fabricius of embryonic and young chickens and to secondary diversification during immune responses in germinal centers (GCs). We find that, at least in rabbits, primary diversification appears to occur at a constant rate in the appendix, and the type of Ag-specific selection seen in splenic GCs is absent. This supports the view that a primary repertoire is being generated within the expanding clonally related B cells in appendix of young rabbits and emphasizes the important role that gut-associated lymphoid tissues may play in early development of mammalian immune repertoires. Additionally, the data indicate a higher rate of hypermutation in rabbit and chicken GCs, such that the balance between hypermutation and selection tends more toward mutation and less toward selection in rabbit and chicken compared with murine GCs.
Serologic correlates of protection for evaluating the response to meningococcal vaccines (2004)

Meningococci cause serious disease worldwide and the organism remains the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in children and young adults. The only effective means of controlling disease is through vaccination. Although polysaccharide vaccines have been available for serogroup A, C, Y and W135 for many years, serogroup C polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccines have only recently been licensed in many countries. Conjugate vaccines for combinations of serogroup A, C, Y and W135 are progressing through clinical trials and major efforts are being made to develop a safe and efficacious vaccine against serogroup B. To assess the quality of the immune response after vaccination, laboratory correlates of protection are needed. For serogroups A and C, serum bactericidal antibody is a well established predictor for protection but for serogroup B, other mechanisms besides serum bactericidal antibody may also be involved in conferring protection against disease. The serologic correlates of protection for evaluating the response to meningococcal vaccines are described in this review.
[Partial parietal cystectomy and cystoplasty using a lyophilized human dura mater patch as an alternative in palliative surgery for bladder cancer]. (1990)

Fifteen patients with infiltrating bladder carcinoma underwent partial cystectomy and cystoplasty with lyophilized human dura at our hospital from 1983 to 1988. The 5-year survival rate was 75% for stage B1, 60% for B2, 40% for C and 0% for D1. There were no intra- or post-operative deaths and the post-operative complications were few. This procedure may be useful in selected patients with bladder tumors who cannot be submitted to more radical procedures due to a coexisting pathological condition representing a high surgical risk or in elderly patients.
Regulatory and molecular aspects of mammalian amino acid transport (1994)

Research Article| April 15 1994 Regulatory and molecular aspects of mammalian amino acid transport J D McGivan; J D McGivan *Department of Biochemistry, School of Medical Sciences, University Walk, Bristol BS8 lTD, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar M Pastor-Anglada M Pastor-Anglada 2†Departament de Bioquimica Fisologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1994) 299 (2): 321–334. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj2990321 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation J D McGivan, M Pastor-Anglada; Regulatory and molecular aspects of mammalian amino acid transport. Biochem J 15 April 1994; 299 (2): 321–334. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj2990321 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1994 The Biochemical Society, London1994 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Potential Technetium Small Molecule Radiopharmaceuticals (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPotential Technetium Small Molecule RadiopharmaceuticalsSilvia S. Jurisson and John D. LydonView Author Information Chemistry Department, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211 Cite this: Chem. Rev. 1999, 99, 9, 2205–2218Publication Date (Web):July 27, 1999Publication History Received22 February 1999Revised4 June 1999Published online27 July 1999Published inissue 8 September 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr980435thttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr980435tresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2668Altmetric-Citations516LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Coordination compounds,Ligands,Molecules,Receptors,Targeting Get e-Alerts
Photosensitizers of the porphyrin and phthalocyanine series for photodynamic therapy (1995)

The first page of this article is displayed as the abstract.
A flexible graphical user interface for performance modeling (1995)

Abstract We identify three goals for the graphical user interface (GUI) of a network simulation environment: user friendliness, model re‐usability, and application extensibility. We address the user‐friendliness issue by proposing a simple yet efficient approach to setup parameters for the simulation models. We address the application extensibility issue with a two‐layer GUI architecture. The two layers are loosely coupled, and the first layer can be easily replaced without affecting the other components of the simulation environment. The concept of subnetwork is used to address the model reusability issue. Unlike most existing simulation packages, where a subnetwork is simply a method to group the nodes, the subnetwork construct in our approach is a first‐class citizen in the simulation environment (i.e., all operations for a basic node also apply to a subnetwork). The port concept is used to define the I/O relationship between a subnetwork and the outside world. Parameter dialog boxes are used to set up the parameters for a subnetwork conveniently. Finally, a simple stack mechanism is used to measure subnetwork‐wide output statistics.
Rapid induction of tumor necrosis factor alpha in the cerebrospinal fluid after intracerebroventricular injection of lipopolysaccharide revealed by a sensitive capture immuno-PCR assay. (1995)

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) is an important mediator in many pathophysiologic processes, both in the central nervous system (CNS) and in the periphery. For this study, we have designed a very sensitive immuno-PCR detection system to investigate the time course of TNF-alpha induction in the rat cerebrospinal fluid after intracerebroventricular administration of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Immuno-PCR combines antibody specificity with PCR signal amplification and provides a sensitivity in the picomolar range. The enhanced sensitivity of this assay allowed the detection of TNF-alpha in the cerebrospinal fluid as early as 15 min after intracerebroventricular administration of LPS. The present results suggest that the ventricular compartment of the CNS, although confined within the blood-brain barrier, is highly responsive to proinflammatory stimuli such as LPS administration. Insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying this compartmentalization could be key to the pathology and treatment of many CNS diseases, especially the meningitides.
Comparison of Three Measures of Injury Severity in Children with Traumatic Brain Injury (1995)

Eighty-six traumatically brain-injured children aged 6 to 15 years who were consecutively admitted to a pediatric Level I trauma center were recruited for participation in the study. A comprehensive battery of behavioral, cognitive, communicative, social, motoric, and neurological tests was administered to the children from 12 to 36 months postinjury. The performance of three severity indices, the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), the ASCOT probability of survival, and the head injury component of the Anatomic Profile, was compared with respect to their association with long-term outcomes in five neurological domains, as assessed by linear regression models. The ASCOT probability of survival was correlated to test scores in all five domains. The GCS and the head injury component of the Anatomic Profile were each correlated to outcome in only one domain. The ASCOT probability of survival, which includes coded variables for the GCS, systolic blood pressure, and respiratory rates on admission, as well as a measure of multisystem anatomic injury, was the most sensitive indicator of head injury severity and was associated with outcomes beyond survival and death in this population. Probability of survival is a promising brain injury severity index that may be useful in efforts to assess new medical and rehabilitative therapies for children with traumatic brain injury.
The effect of cochliodinol, a metabolite of Chaetomium cochliodes, on the respiration of microspores of Fusarium oxysporum (1971)

Cochliodinol at 15 μg/ml reduced the respiration rate of microspores of Fusarium oxysporum, with glucose or succinate as substrate, by about 70%, and also inhibited their germination. The inhibitory effect was partially reversed by the addition of magnesium ions to the medium.