gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Wound treatment and dressing choice (1995)

Wound treatment and dressing choice can be a complicated decision making process. Studies appear to indicate that many nurses are still not getting it right (1,2). Most primary intention wounds, that is, those closed by, for example, sutures or Steristrips are straightforward to manage once the decision has been made that the wound is suitable for primary closure. When closed, small wounds will heal sufficiently for sutures or Steristrips to be removed in five to seven days. Large, deep wounds, such as those associated with various surgical procedures, will be strong enough after primary closure to have sutures removed at around 10 to 14 days.
Expression of human β‐secretase in the mouse brain increases the steady‐state level of β‐amyloid (2002)

beta-Site APP-cleaving enzyme (BACE) initiates the processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) leading to the generation of beta-amyloid, the main component of Alzheimer's disease senile plaques. BACE (Asp2, memapsin 2) is a type I transmembrane aspartyl protease and is responsible for the beta-secretase cleavage of APP producing different endoproteolytic fragments referred to as the carboxy-terminal C99, C89 and the soluble ectodomain sAPPbeta. Here we describe two transgenic mouse lines expressing human BACE in the brain. Overexpression of BACE augments the amyloidogenic processing of APP as demonstrated by decreased levels of full-length APP and increased levels of C99 and C89 in vivo. In mice expressing huBACE in addition to human APP wild-type or carrying the Swedish mutation, the induction of APP processing characterized by elevated C99, C89 and sAPPbeta, results in increased brain levels of beta-amyloid peptides Abeta40 and Abeta42 at steady-state.
GEANT: Detector Description and Simulation Tool (2008)

As the scale and complexity of High Energy Physics experiments increase, simulation studies require more and more care and become essential to design and optimise the detectors, develop and test the reconstruction and analysis programs, and interpret the experimental data. GEANT is a system of detector description and simulation tools that help physicists in such studies.
Portable and efficient parallel computing using the BSP model (1999)

The Bulk-Synchronous Parallel (BSP) model was proposed by Valiant as a standard interface between parallel software and hardware. In theory, the BSP model has been shown to allow the asymptotically optimal execution of architecture independent software on a variety of architectures. Our goal in this work is to experimentally examine the practical use of the BSP model on current parallel architectures. We describe the design and implementation of the Green BSP Library, a small library of functions that implement the BSP model, and of several applications that were written for this library. We then discuss the performance of the library and application programs on several parallel architectures. Our results are positive in that we demonstrate efficiency and portability over a range of parallel architectures and show that the BSP cost model is useful for predicting performance trends and estimating execution times.
Cholesterol Depletion of Enterocytes (2000)

Intestinal brush border enzymes, including aminopeptidase N and sucrase-isomaltase, are associated with "rafts" (membrane microdomains rich in cholesterol and sphingoglycolipids). To assess the functional role of rafts in the present work, we studied the effect of cholesterol depletion on apical membrane trafficking in enterocytes. Cultured mucosal explants of pig small intestine were treated for 2 h with the cholesterol sequestering agent methyl-beta-cyclodextrin and lovastatin, an inhibitor of hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase. The treatment reduced the cholesterol content >50%. Morphologically, the Golgi complex/trans-Golgi network was partially transformed into numerous 100-200 nm vesicles. By immunogold electron microscopy, aminopeptidase N was localized in these Golgi-derived vesicles as well as at the basolateral cell surface, indicating a partial missorting. Biochemically, the rates of the Golgi-associated complex glycosylation and association with rafts of newly synthesized aminopeptidase N were reduced, and less of the enzyme had reached the brush border membrane after 2 h of labeling. In contrast, the basolateral Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase was neither missorted nor raft-associated. Our results implicate the Golgi complex/trans-Golgi network in raft formation and suggest a close relationship between this event and apical membrane trafficking.
Crystalline Oxides on Silicon (2010)

This review outlines developments in the growth of crystalline oxides on the ubiquitous silicon semiconductor platform. The overall goal of this endeavor is the integration of multifunctional complex oxides with advanced semiconductor technology. Oxide epitaxy in materials systems achieved through conventional deposition techniques is described first, followed by a description of the science and technology of using atomic layer-by-layer deposition with molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) to systematically construct the oxide-silicon interface. An interdisciplinary approach involving MBE, advanced real-space structural characterization, and first-principles theory has led to a detailed understanding of the process by which the interface between crystalline oxides and silicon forms, the resulting structure of the interface, and the link between structure and functionality. Potential applications in electronics and photonics are also discussed.
Building Integrated Opinion Delivery Environment (2011)

We introduce a search engine and information retrieval system for providing access to opinion data. Natural language technology of generalization of syntactic parse trees is introduced as a similarity measure between subjects of textual opinions to link them on the fly. Information extraction algorithm for automatic summarization of web pages in the format of Google sponsored links is presented. We outline the usability of the implemented system, integrated opinion delivery environment (IODE).
The Production of Carbon Monoxide from Hemoglobin In Vivo* (1967)

Dogs anesthetized with pentobarbital were shown to produce carbon monoxide at an average rate of 0.21 +/- (SD) 0.05 ml per hour. After intravenous injection of erythrocytes damaged by incubation with N-ethylmaleimide, CO was produced in excess of base-line production for 3 to 4 hours with an average yield of 0.89 +/- (SE) 0.046 mumole of carbon monoxide to 1 mumole of heme degraded. After intravenous injection of N-ethylmaleimide (NEM)-treated erythrocytes containing hemoglobin labeled with (14)carbon, (14)CO was produced. Its specific activity was approximately one-eighth that of the injected heme. It was also produced after intravenous injection of solutions of hemoglobin-(14)C and of reconstituted methemoglobin containing hemin-(14)C, but not after injections of methemoglobin containing globin-(14)C. The average yields of (14)CO from metabolized heme in the experiments with damaged erythrocytes and hemoglobin solutions were 89 +/- (SE) 4.6 and 97 +/- (SE) 17.0%, respectively. These results demonstrate that the CO produced during hemoglobin degradation arises from the heme moiety. The yield of (14)CO after injection of hemoglobin-(14)C solutions decreased significantly to values of 35 and 42% in two experiments when exogenous CO was added to the body stores, resulting in blood carboxyhemoglobin levels of 11.3 and 13.2% saturation. This finding suggests that oxidative metabolism is required during catabolism of hemoglobin to CO and that carboxy-hemoglobin levels in this range are sufficient to cause inhibition. After intravenous injection of either hemin-(14)C or protoporphyrin-(14)C, (14)CO was also produced. After injection of protoporphyrin-(14)C labeled bilirubin was isolated from gall bladder bile, and labeled hemin was isolated from the liver. It is thus very likely that protoporphyrin is converted to heme before the formation of CO. There was a large difference between the maximal rates of catabolism of hemoglobin to CO observed after injection of damaged erythrocytes and hemoglobin solutions. The limiting parameters in these processes are not yet clear.
Promoter specificity of the two transcriptional activation functions of the human oestrogen receptor in yeast (1992)

We have previously demonstrated that the human oestrogen receptor (hER) contains two transcriptional activation functions located in the N-terminal region (TAF-1) and in the hormone binding domain (TAF-2), which can act both independently and synergistically in a promoter- and cell-specific manner in animal cells. We have also demonstrated that hER can activate transcription from chimaeric oestrogen-responsive GAL1 promoters in yeast, and shown that transcriptional activation was due to TAF-1, whereas TAF-2 showed little, if any, transcriptional activity on these promoters. By using a more complex promoter derived from the URA3 gene, we now show that TAF-2 is also active in yeast, and that the activities of TAF-1 and TAF-2 are promoter-context-specific in yeast. We also confirm that the agonistic activity of 4-hydroxytamoxifen (OHT) can be ascribed to the activity of TAF-1.
Improved reachability analysis of large finite state machines (1996)

BDD-based symbolic traversals are the state-of-the-art technique for reachability analysis of Finite State Machines. They are currently limited to medium-small circuits for two reasons: peak BDD size during image computation and BDD explosion for representing state sets. Starting from these limits, this paper presents an optimized traversal technique particularly oriented to the exact exploration of the state space of large machines. This is possible thanks to: 1) temporary simplification of a Finite State Machine by removing some of its state elements, 2) a divide-and-conquer approach based on state set decomposition. An effective use of secondary memory allows us to store relevant portions of BDDs and to regularize access to memory, resulting in less page faults. Experimental results show that this approach is particularly effective on the larger ISCAS'89 and ISCAS'89-addendum'93 circuits.
Regulation of cell death and autophagy by IKK and NF‐κB: critical mechanisms in immune function and cancer (2012)

The cellular response to survive or to undergo death is fundamental to the benefit of the organism, and errors in this process can lead to autoimmunity and cancer. The transcription factor nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) functions to block cell death through transcriptional induction of genes encoding anti-apoptotic and antioxidant proteins. This is essential for survival of activated cells of the immune system and for cells undergoing a DNA damage response. In Ras-transformed cells and tumors as well as other cancers, NF-κB functions to suppress apoptosis--a hallmark of cancer. Critical prosurvival roles for inhibitor of NF-κB kinase (IKK) family members, including IKKε and TBK1, have been reported, which are both NF-κB-dependent and -independent. While the roles of NF-κB in promoting cell survival in lymphocytes and in cancers is relatively clear, evidence has been presented that NF-κB can promote cell death in particular contexts. Recently, IKK was shown to play a critical role in the induction of autophagy, a metabolic response typically associated with cell survival but which can lead to cell death. This review provides an historical perspective, along with new findings, regarding the roles of the IKK and NF-κB pathways in regulating cell survival.
An Analysis of the Wave Propagation of the flow-induced Elastic Stress Waves in the Layered Structure and it's 1 D.O.F. Modelling (1995)

Turbulent boundary layer pressure fluctuation exerted on the surface of a structure can give rise to a elastic stress wave on the surface of the structure. The stress wave so called surface wave, will not only propagate along the surface of structure but also penerate into the structure. To reduce the transmission of stress wave into the structure the elastomer layer is usually attactched on the surface of structure. The transfer function, which is defined herein as the ratio of stress waves at the surface and bottom of the elastomer layer, is derved by use of the cylindrical coordinates system. The elastodynamics of the elastomer layer subjected to the turbulent boundary layer pressure fluctuation is represented by the simplified one degree-of-freedom model for easy prediction of the stress wave transmission as well as efficient design of the elastomer layer.
Selective Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors: Novel 1,2-Diarylcyclopentenes Are Potent and Orally Active COX-2 Inhibitors (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSelective Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors: Novel 1,2-Diarylcyclopentenes Are Potent and Orally Active COX-2 InhibitorsDavid B. Reitz, James J. Li, Monica B. Norton, Emily J. Reinhard, Joe T. Collins, Gary D. Anderson, Susan A. Gregory, Carol M. Koboldt, William E. Perkins, and Cite this: J. Med. Chem. 1994, 37, 23, 3878–3881Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00049a005https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00049a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views524Altmetric-Citations111LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Anti-IL-8 autoantibodies in alveolar fluid from patients with the adult respiratory distress syndrome (1996)

IL-8 is a potent neutrophil attractant and activator. IL-8 has been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of several diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, sepsis, psoriasis, and the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Our previous studies demonstrated that high concentrations of IL-8 were present in alveolar fluids from patients with ARDS and were associated with increased mortality. In this study we report that a major portion of IL-8 in bronchoalveolar fluids from patients with ARDS is associated with anti-IL-8 autoantibody (anti-IL-8:IL-8 complexes). Free autoantibodies that recognize IL-8 were also detected in these fluids. Next, we examined the properties of anti-IL-8 autoantibodies present in lung fluids from ARDS patients and compared them with autoantibodies from normal plasma and arthritic synovial fluids. The anti-IL-8 autoantibody was polyclonal, and IgG3 and IgG4 were the primary IgG subclasses. Anti-IL-8:IL-8 complexes consisted of one IgG and one IL-8 molecule. In addition, anti-IL-8 autoantibody bound IL-8 with a high affinity (approximately 10(-12) M) and inhibited IL-8 interaction with its specific receptors on neutrophils. The results suggest that anti-IL-8 autoantibodies may regulate IL-8 activity.
Is Type 2 Diabetes an Operable Intestinal Disease? (2008)

Type 2 diabetes, which accounts for 90-95% of all cases of diabetes, is a growing epidemic that places a severe burden on health care systems, especially in developing countries. Because of both the scale of the problem and the current epidemic growth of diabetes, it is a priority to find new approaches to better understand and treat this disease. Gastrointestinal surgery may provide new opportunities in the fight against diabetes. Conventional gastrointestinal operations for morbid obesity have been shown to dramatically improve type 2 diabetes, resulting in normal blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels, with discontinuation of all diabetes-related medications. Return to euglycemia and normal insulin levels are observed within days after surgery, suggesting that weight loss alone cannot entirely explain why surgery improves diabetes. Recent experimental studies point toward the rearrangement of gastrointestinal anatomy as a primary mediator of the surgical control of diabetes, suggesting a role of the small bowel in the pathophysiology of the disease. This article presents available evidence in support of the hypothesis that type 2 diabetes may be an operable disease characterized by a component of intestinal dysfunction.
Mammalian Optic Nerve Regeneration Following the Application of Electric Fields (1988)

Previous studies have shown that the application of electric fields to the damaged mammalian nervous system is efficacious in promoting regeneration of peripheral nervous system axons. The present experiments were undertaken to determine whether exogenously applied electric fields can induce regenerative responses in the damaged mammalian central nervous system (CNS). In these studies, chronically delivered direct current was applied to the optic nerve, orienting the cathode distal to the lesion site. Histologic analyses at 3 weeks revealed that the damaged optic nerve did exhibit a regenerative response following treatment. We believe that this represents the first report of regenerative effects on the mammalian visual system using chronic DC electric fields, and we suggest that such galvanic treatment may be used alone or as an adjunct to promoting regeneration of the injured mammalian central nervous system.
Crystal structure of signal regulatory protein gamma (SIRPγ) in complex with an antibody Fab fragment (2013)

The three-domain extracellular regions of SIRPs are structurally conserved but show conformational flexibility in the disposition of the amino terminal ligand-binding Ig domain relative to the two membrane proximal Ig domains. Binding of a cross-reactive anti-SIRP Fab fragment to SIRPγ stabilises a conformation that favours SIRP dimer formation in the crystal structure, though this interaction does not appear sufficiently stable to be observed in solution.
Clinical and tumor significance of tropomyosin-1 expression levels in renal cell carcinoma (2015)

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common type of kidney cancer in adults and has been described as one of the deadliest of cancers affecting the genitourinary tract. Tropomyosin is a two-stranded α-helical coiled coil protein found in cell cytoskeletons. One of its isoforms, tropomyosin-1 (TPM1) has been reported as a novel tumor-suppressor gene and is downregulated in many solid tumors. However the expression level and function of TPM1 in RCC have not yet been determined. In the present study, we evaluated the TPM1-4 mRNA and TPM1 protein levels in RCC tissue samples. TPM1-overexpressing OSRC-2 and 786-O cell lines were also used to investigate the impact of TPM1 on RCC cells. We found that TPM1 was significantly and specifically downregulated in the RCC tissues. TPM1 expression was associated with tumor size, smoking status, Fuhrman grade and the prognosis of RCC patients. After TPM1 transfection, the migratory and invasive abilities of the OSRC-2 and 786-O cell lines were both reduced when compared to the control groups. Meanwhile, apoptosis was also enhanced in these two RCC cell lines following TPM1 transfection. Taken together, TPM1 exhibits characteristics of a tumor-suppressor gene while being overexpressed in RCC cell lines.
Serological responses of melanoma patients to vaccines derived from allogeneic cultured melanoma cells (1983)

Twenty melanoma patients were immunized with a whole-cell vaccine prepared from irradiated cells of the melanoma cell line SK-MEL-13. This line, derived from the melanoma of patient AH, expresses a differentiation antigen (initially defined by autologous antibody) which is restricted to melanomas and other cells of neural crest origin. The patients' sera were tested in rosetting assays before and after vaccination for antibodies against cell surface antigens of autologous cultured melanoma cells and SK-MEL-13, and the specificity of observed reactions was defined by absorption tests. Nine patients developed antibodies against autologous cultured melanoma cells. In only one case, patient DM, were these antibodies directed against the AH antigen. In the remaining patients, the antibodies were related to fetal bovine serum in the vaccine growth medium. All patients developed antibodies against cell surface HLA alloantigens of the immunizing cell, SK-MEL-13, as demonstrated by absorption analysis with B cells from the donor of SK-MEL-13 and by serological typing with a panel of HLA typed peripheral blood T cells and B-cell CLL cells. No specificity other than the AH antibody found in patient DM was detected after removal of alloantigens with B cells. We conclude that vaccines prepared from irradiated allogeneic melanoma cells expressing AH antigen, a demonstrably immunogenic differentiation antigen of the melanocyte lineage, are not effective in inducing AH antibody.
Dramatic Improvements of Well-Defined Silica Supported Mo-Based Olefin Metathesis Catalysts by Tuning the N-Containing Ligands (2007)

Grafting [Mo(⋮NAr)(CHCMe2R1)(NR2)2] on SiO2-(700) gives [(⋮SiO)Mo(⋮NAr)(CHCMe2R1)(NR2)] as a major surface species along with [(⋮SiO)Mo(NAr)(CH2CMe2R1)(NR2)2] according to mass balance analysis, IR and NMR spectroscopies. The replacement of one amido group by a siloxy group from the surface of silica dramatically increased the activity of the Mo complex in olefin metathesis, and tuning the imido ligands allows the reactivity to be increased by at least one order of magnitude so that an overall turnover of 231 000 can be achieved in the metathesis of propene. Additionally, ethyl oleate can also be converted into a thermodynamic equilibrated mixture in 8 h with only 0.02% of catalyst.
Reciprocal actions of REST and a microRNA promote neuronal identity (2006)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are implicated in both tissue differentiation and maintenance of tissue identity. In most cases, however, the mechanisms underlying their regulation are not known. One brain-specific miRNA, miR-124a, decreases the levels of hundreds of nonneuronal transcripts, such that its introduction into HeLa cells promotes a neuronal-like mRNA profile. The transcriptional repressor, RE1 silencing transcription factor (REST), has a reciprocal activity, inhibiting the expression of neuronal genes in nonneuronal cells. Here, we show that REST regulates the expression of a family of miRNAs, including brain-specific miR-124a. In nonneuronal cells and neural progenitors, REST inhibits miR-124a expression, allowing the persistence of nonneuronal transcripts. As progenitors differentiate into mature neurons, REST leaves miR-124a gene loci, and nonneuronal transcripts are degraded selectively. Thus, the combined transcriptional and posttranscriptional consequences of REST action maximize the contrast between neuronal and nonneuronal cell phenotypes.