gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interlocking of molecular threads: from the statistical approach to the templated synthesis of catenands (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInterlocking of molecular threads: from the statistical approach to the templated synthesis of catenandsChristiane O. Dietrich-Buchecker and Jean Pierre. SauvageCite this: Chem. Rev. 1987, 87, 4, 795–810Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr00080a007https://doi.org/10.1021/cr00080a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2711Altmetric-Citations617LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Dysfunctional C1-inhibitor(At), isolated from a type II hereditary-angio-oedema plasma, contains a P1 ‘reactive centre’ (Arg444→His) mutation (1988)

Simple rapid procedures for identification and analysis of dysfunctional C1-inhibitor proteins mutated at the reactive-centre P1 residue have been developed and used to define structurally a C1-inhibitor protein, C1-inhibitor(At), isolated from an individual with hereditary angio-oedema. The observed mutation, Arg444----His, is compatible with a single base change in the codon used for Arg444 in the native protein.
Regulation of Salivary Proteins (1987)

Previous studies have shown that several factors--such as alloxan-induced diabetes, adrenalectomy, or removal of the thyroid-parathyroid gland complex--can influence the flow rate, protein concentration, and protein composition of rat parotid saliva. The present study was undertaken to explore further the influence of glucocorticoids and thyroxine on rat parotid saliva in hormonally intact animals. As compared with untreated animals, adult male rats treated with 10 micrograms dexamethasone per 100 g body weight for eight days demonstrated a 75% reduction in volume of parotid saliva secreted in response to a uniform stimulus. The protein concentration of the saliva was increased three-fold. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed relative decreases in acidic and basic proline-rich proteins and in a protein identified as Fraction V, while amylase was increased. The electron microscopic appearance of the granules was markedly different from that of the control, in that the granules exhibited an electron-dense periphery and core, with the remainder of the granule having an electronlucent appearance. In contrast, rats treated for eight days with 20 micrograms thyroxine per 100 g body weight exhibited a 50% increase in volume of saliva collected in response to a secretory stimulus. Although the concentration of protein was not different from that of the control, gel electrophoresis showed relative increases in acidic and basic proline-rich proteins and a decrease in Fraction V. Amylase was unchanged. The secretory granules of thyroxine-treated rats were electronlucent and amorphous. The granules appeared to coalesce within the cell.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Regulated Genes in Transgenic Plants (1989)

Transgenic plants are an effective system for the study of regulated gene expression. Developmental control of expression can be monitored by assaying different tissues or by assaying a plant at different developmental stages. Analysis of the petunia 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase gene, which is highly expressed in flowers, allowed identification of an upstream region that confers tissue-specific and developmentally regulated expression. The cell specificity of expression in floral tissues has been defined by histochemical localization. This expression is contrasted to that of the 35S promoter of cauliflower mosaic virus, a nominally constitutive promoter that shows a definite specificity of expression in floral tissues. Moreover, this expression differs in transgenic hosts of different species.
Conductive Rigid Skeleton Supported Silicon as High-Performance Li-Ion Battery Anodes (2012)

A cost-effective and scalable method is developed to prepare a core-shell structured Si/B(4)C composite with graphite coating with high efficiency, exceptional rate performance, and long-term stability. In this material, conductive B(4)C with a high Mohs hardness serves not only as micro/nano-millers in the ball-milling process to break down micron-sized Si but also as the conductive rigid skeleton to support the in situ formed sub-10 nm Si particles to alleviate the volume expansion during charge/discharge. The Si/B(4)C composite is coated with a few graphitic layers to further improve the conductivity and stability of the composite. The Si/B(4)C/graphite (SBG) composite anode shows excellent cyclability with a specific capacity of ∼822 mAh·g(-1) (based on the weight of the entire electrode, including binder and conductive carbon) and ∼94% capacity retention over 100 cycles at 0.3 C rate. This new structure has the potential to provide adequate storage capacity and stability for practical applications and a good opportunity for large-scale manufacturing using commercially available materials and technologies.
Constraint-based six degree-of-freedom haptic rendering of volume-embedded isosurfaces (2011)

A method for 6-DOF haptic rendering of isosurface geometry embedded within sampled volume data is presented. The algorithm uses a quasi-static formulation of motion constrained by multiple contacts to simulate rigid-body interaction between a haptically controlled virtual tool (proxy), represented as a point-sampled surface, and volumetric isosurfaces. Unmodified volume data, such as computed tomography or magnetic resonance images, can be rendered directly with this approach, making it particularly suitable for applications in medical or surgical simulation. The algorithm was implemented and tested on a variety of volume data sets using several virtual tools with different geometry. As the constraint-based algorithm permits simulation of a massless proxy, no artificial mass or inertia were needed nor observed. The speed and transparency of the algorithm allowed motion to be responsive to extremely stiff contacts with complex virtualized geometry. Despite rendering stiffnesses that approach the physical limits of the interfaces used, the simulation remained stable through haptic interactions that typically present a challenge to other rendering methods, including wedging, prying, and hooking.
Multiple path sensitization for hierarchical circuit testing (2002)

The HPath algorithm for multiple-path sensitization in hierarchical, multilevel descriptions, which is based on semiregular structures within many VLSI circuits, is discussed. The algorithm which has been derived, implemented, and tested is applicable to circuits which can be described as semiregular and pseudocombinational for performance of testing functions related to test pattern generation, design-for-testability, built-in self-test, and diagnosis. HPath sensitizes the target paths, which may consist of multiple bits, one by one through hierarchically described circuits. Depending on the specification of each path, HPath propagates the path block by block in either the forward or backward direction. HPath is, in fact, a control mechanism which determines which path to sensitize and which block to propagate through. The sensitization is actually done by its two major components, GPath and FPath. GPath is an implicit enumeration algorithm which utilizes symbolic manipulation to achieve multiple-path sensitization for gate-level circuits. FPath is a rule-based subsystem which sensitizes multiple paths for functional-level descriptions through a sequence of rule applications. It is shown that GPath is not as efficient as FPath.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Long‐term and high‐dose piracetam treatment of Alzheimer's disease (1993)

Preclinical research suggests that piracetam (a nootropic drug) may improve cognitive functions, but previous studies have failed to demonstrate a clear benefit for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We report a 1-year, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study with a high dose of piracetam (8 g/d per os) in 33 ambulant patients with early probable AD. Thirty subjects completed the 1-year study. No improvement occurred in either group, but our results support the hypothesis that long-term administration of high doses of piracetam might slow the progression of cognitive deterioration in patients with AD. The most significant differences concerned the recall of pictures series and recent incident and remote memory. The drug was well-tolerated.
Nucleotide sequence of the enterotoxin B gene from Staphylococcus aureus (1986)

The complete nucleotide sequence of the enterotoxin B gene from Staphylococcus aureus, as well as the 5' and 3' flanking regions, was determined. Starting from an ATG initiator codon, an open reading frame encoded the enterotoxin B precursor that consisted of 266 amino acids (Mr, 31,400). The 5' terminal portion of the gene encodes a signal peptide 27 amino acids long. The deduced amino acid sequence matched, with a few exceptions, the published amino acid sequence of enterotoxin B. The structural gene was flanked on the 5' side by a promoter-like sequence and on the 3' side by a palindromic structure followed by a thymine-rich region that resembled a transcription termination signal. Downstream from the entB gene were two overlapping open reading frames corresponding to 134 and 185 amino acids in the opposite orientation. The signal sequence of the enterotoxin B precursor resembled that of other secreted proteins found in other bacteria.
Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with imatinib mesylate: clinical improvement in three refractory cases (2003)

Imatinib mesylate may have considerable anti-rheumatic efficacy. The mechanism of action is not known, but one possible target for the action of imatinib is inhibition of the KIT receptor on mast cells.
Purification of Murine IgG Monoclonal Antibodies by Precipitation with Caprylic Acid: Comparison with Other Methods of Purification (1989)

Purification of murine IgG monoclonal antibodies from ascitic fluid by precipitation with caprylic acid was compared to that: 1) by sequential precipitation with caprylic acid and (NH4)2SO4; 2) by affinity chromatography on either antiidiotypic monoclonal antibodies or antimouse IgG xenoantibodies; and 3) by sequential (NH4)2SO4 precipitation, ion exchange chromatography and high pressure liquid chromatography (referred to as HPLC). In terms of yield of antibodies, precipitation with caprylic acid is comparable to sequential precipitation with caprylic acid and (NH4)2SO4, but superior to affinity chromatography on antibodies and to HPLC. In terms of purity of antibodies, precipitation with caprylic acid is less efficient than the other three methods. It should also be noted that precipitation with caprylic acid is associated with a reduction in the affinity of some antibodies and is not suitable to purify murine IgA and IgG3.
Novel vector control system using deadbeat controlled PWM inverter with output LC filter (2003)

This paper proposes a novel high performance vector control system of AC motor using a low switching frequency (2 kHz) PWM voltage source inverter with an output LC filter. Excellent high-speed response characteristics of the LC filter output voltage have been realized using a novel deadbeat control algorithm. As the experimental results, the torque current response that is similar to the response of the system without a LC filter has been obtained. In addition, it has been confirmed by simulation that errors of the LC filter constants within /spl plusmn/10% can be permitted.
ADAPTIVE NOISE CANCELLATION AND BLIND SOURCE SEPARATION (2003)

The use of adaptive noise cancellers (ANCs) to reduce the noise level prior to source separation is investigated in this paper. The foetal electrocardiogram (ECG) extraction problem in particular is addressed, which as well as with noise, is compounded by the non-stationary nature of the measurements. Consequently, computer simulations show that the combined Kalman filter and natural gradient algorithm [1], cascaded with a parallel ANC network, leads to a technique that can significantly improve separation performance. Moreover, it is shown that in some cases, the performance of the method is better than that of the JADE algorithm [2]. 1.
Expression and splicing of the unfolded protein response gene XBP‐1 are significantly associated with clinical outcome of endocrine‐treated breast cancer (2008)

X-box binding protein 1 (XBP-1) is stimulated by endoplasmic reticulum stress as part of the unfolded protein response (UPR), which can promote apoptosis or cell survival. Non-conventional splicing, stimulated during the UPR, converts mRNA for "unspliced" XBP-1U to "spliced" XBP-1S mRNA. XBP-1 mRNA is oestrogen-responsive, but XBP-1S confers oestrogen independence and anti-oestrogen resistance to breast cancer cell lines. We therefore evaluated XBP-1 mRNA splicing as a factor in response of breast cancer patients to endocrine treatment. XBP-1 isoforms were measured by quantitative RT-PCR in 100 primary breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant tamoxifen (including 30 ER alpha-negative cases). In ER alpha-positive cases, levels of XBP-1U mRNA correlated with ER alpha mRNA levels and were lower in grade 3 tumors. Higher levels of XBP-1U mRNA were significantly associated with breast cancer survival (Log-rank p = 0.002; Cox hazard ratio (HR) 0.2, p = 0.005), independent of grade, size, nodal status and progesterone receptor status. However, in the full cohort, higher ratios of XBP-1S/XBP-1U mRNA (indicating enhanced splicing) were associated with poor survival (Log-rank p = 0.03; Cox HR 2.3, p = 0.03) and related factors: ER alpha-negative status, progesterone receptor negative status, grade 3 tumors and greater proliferation. Significant associations with poor outcome were also seen for XBP-1 splicing in ER alpha-positive cases. Our findings, that XBP-1 isoforms are differently associated with outcome of endocrine therapy for patients, can be explained by higher levels of dominant-negative XBP-1U favouring apoptosis of tumor cells and higher levels of XBP-1S increasing tumor survival.
Active Immunization of Mice with an <i>Aβ-Hsp70</i> Vaccine (2004)

Heat-shock proteins are highly immunogenic. Complexed with an antigen, they act as adjuvants, inducing a humoral and cellular immune response against both the antigen and the chaperone. In this study, we produced an Hsp70-supported vaccine to induce the generation of antibodies against amyloid-beta (Abeta) peptides, the major constituent of beta-amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease. The vaccine consisted of synthetic human Abeta42 covalently cross-linked with DnaK, an Hsp70 homolog of Escherichia coli. Active immunization of mice with this vaccine resulted in the generation of antibodies against Abeta, that were detectable in sera after the first booster immunization. Antibody titers varied markedly with the genetic background of the mice. Prophylactic short-term immunization of transgenic mice (APP tg2576) before the onset of plaques, however, did not prevent amyloid plaque deposition. There were no differences in the plaque load and in the level of Triton X-100-soluble Abeta peptides in the brains of immunized and control-treated transgenic mice. Unexpectedly, the level of formic-acid soluble Abeta peptides tended to be higher in immunized mice. The reason for the increase may be an enhanced deposition of Abeta in the small cerebral blood vessels. These data emphasize the need for anti-Abeta antibodies that remove Abeta peptides from the central nervous system without negative side effects.
Real-time snapshot hyperspectral imaging endoscope (2011)

Hyperspectral imaging has tremendous potential to detect important molecular biomarkers of early cancer based on their unique spectral signatures. Several drawbacks have limited its use for in vivo screening applications: most notably the poor temporal and spatial resolution, high expense, and low optical throughput of existing hyperspectral imagers. We present the development of a new real-time hyperspectral endoscope (called the image mapping spectroscopy endoscope) based on an image mapping technique capable of addressing these challenges. The parallel high throughput nature of this technique enables the device to operate at frame rates of 5.2 frames per second while collecting a (x, y, λ) datacube of 350 × 350 × 48. We have successfully imaged tissue in vivo, resolving a vasculature pattern of the lower lip while simultaneously detecting oxy-hemoglobin.
Primary pulmonary hypertension. (1986)

distribution, numerous effects, and subtle interrelations with other physiological control systems, particularly in controlling oxygen balance, suggest that it may be a most important homoeostatic metabolite.
Esterification of N-(Benzyloxycarbonyl)amino Acids and Amino Acids Using BF3–Etherate as Catalyst (1978)

Abstract Methyl and ethyl esters of N-(benzyloxycarbonyl) amino acids were prepared conveniently in good yields using BF3–etherate as catalyst. Esterification of free amino acids was also examined.
Sustained‐Release Synthetic Biomarkers for Monitoring Thrombosis and Inflammation Using Point‐of‐Care Compatible Readouts (2016)

Postoperative infection and thromboembolism represent significant sources of morbidity and mortality but cannot be easily tracked after hospital discharge. Therefore, a molecular test that could be performed at home would significantly impact disease management. Our lab has previously developed intravenously delivered 'synthetic biomarkers' that respond to dysregulated proteases to produce a urinary signal. These assays, however, have been limited to chronic diseases or acute diseases initiated at the time of diagnostic administration. Here, we formulate a subcutaneously administered sustained release system by using small PEG scaffolds (<10 nm) to promote diffusion into the bloodstream over a day. We demonstrate the utility of a thrombin sensor to identify thrombosis and an MMP sensor to measure inflammation. Finally, we developed a companion paper ELISA using printed wax barriers with nanomolar sensitivity for urinary reporters for point-of-care detection. Our approach for subcutaneous delivery of nanosensors combined with urinary paper analysis may enable facile monitoring of at-risk patients.
Functional MRI Evidence of Cortical Reorganization in Upper-Limb Stroke Hemiplegia Treated with Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy (2001)

Constraint-induced movement therapy produced significant functional improvement and resulted in plasticity as demonstrated by functional MRI.
Performance of glass fiber antiscatter devices at mammographic energies (1994)

Using fiber optic manufacturing techniques, it is possible to produce a radiographic grid that discriminates against scattered radiation in two dimensions. Such grids consist of septa composed of glass with a high lead content; the interspace material is air, so that approximately 80% of the grid area is open. In this way, effective high ratio grids can be produced with relatively low Bucky factors. The performance of samples of such grid material is characterized in terms of both scatter rejection and dose efficiency for application in digital mammography in both slot-beam and area-beam geometry. For area beams, five- to tenfold improved scatter rejection relative to conventional grids was observed. In slot configurations, such grids could provide improved SNR/dose performance and more effective utilization of the heat loading capability of the x-ray source.
Micro- and Nanoscale Hydrogel Systems for Drug Delivery and Tissue Engineering (2009)

The pursuit for targeted drug delivery systems has led to the development of highly improved biomaterials with enhanced biocompatibility and biodegradability properties. Micro- and nanoscale components of hydrogels prepared from both natural and artificial components have been gaining significant importance due to their potential uses in cell based therapies, tissue engineering, liquid micro-lenses, cancer therapy, and drug delivery. In this review some of the recent methodologies used in the preparation of a number of synthetic hydrogels such as poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (pNIPAm), poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), polyvinyl alcohol methylacrylate co-polymers (PVA-MA) and polylactic acid (PLA), as well as some of the natural hydrogels and their applications have been discussed in detail.
Amplification of c‐myc and cyclin D1 genes in primary and metastatic carcinomas of the liver (2007)

The c-myc and cyclin D1 genes are included among the oncogenes the amplifications of which have been detected in cancers of various organs. However, there have been few reports on the amplification of both these genes in primary and metastatic liver carcinomas. In the present study, c-myc and cyclin D1 gene amplification was examined in 76 primary and metastatic liver carcinomas using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections and a differential polymerase chain reaction procedure. c-myc and cyclin D1 gene amplification was detected in 15 (33%) and two (4%) of 46 hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC), one (10%) and 0 (0%) of 10 intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas (ICC), one (33%) and 0 (0%) of three combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinomas (HCC + ICC), and nine (56%) and three (19%) of 16 metastatic lesions to the liver from colorectal adenocarcinoma (MCA), respectively. The incidence of c-myc amplification was significantly higher in MCA than in ICC (P = 0.023), and it tended to be higher in HCC than in ICC. These results indicate that the amplification of the c-myc proto-oncogene is not unusual in HCC and MCA, and its detection may have a useful diagnostic significance in differentiating ICC from MCA or HCC from ICC.
Controlling Bilayer Composition and Surface Wettability of Sequentially Adsorbed Multilayers of Weak Polyelectrolytes (1998)

Variations in the linear charge density of a weak polyacid brought about by controlling solution pH in a layer-by-layer sequential adsorption process were used to systematically control the layer thickness, level of layer interpenetration, and surface wettability of sequentially adsorbed layers of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and poly(allylamine) (PAH). The thickness contributed by an individual polyion layer was found to depend primarily on the pH of the polymer's dipping solution and, within the pH range examined, was not influenced by the thickness or level of interpenetration of the previously adsorbed layer. Contact angle and methylene blue adsorption measurements revealed that the deposited layers are typically highly interpenetrated and that the deposition process is a surface charge dominated adsorption process. Using this simple molecular-level blending approach, it is possible to create surfaces with advancing water contact angles that vary from essentially zero (completely wettable surfaces) to as high as 50°, all using the same simple polycation/polyanion combination.