gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Polycystic kidney disease. 1 (1995)

The identification of the primary defect in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) by biochemical methods has proved difficult because of the complexity of the cystic kidney. However, by the use of the genetic method of positional cloning, a gene accounting for approximately 85% of ADPKD, PKD1, has now been identified in the chromosome region 16p13.3. Its exact location was pinpointed because it was bisected by a chromosome translocation; members with the balanced exchange had PKD1. The PKD1 gene encodes an approximately 14-kb transcript, but full characterization was complicated, because most of the gene lies in a genomic region that is duplicated elsewhere on chromosome 16; the duplicate area encodes three genes with substantial homology to PKD1. At present, only seven mutations of PKD1 have been characterized and these are clustered in the nonduplicated, 3' end of the gene. However, a number of patients with large deletions of the PKD1 and adjacent tuberous sclerosis 2 (TSC2) genes, who have tuberous sclerosis and severe childhood-onset polycystic kidney disease, have also been described. Recently, the entire sequence of the PKD1 transcript and the genomic region containing the gene have been determined. The PKD1 gene covers approximately 52 kb of genomic DNA and is divided into 46 exons. The transcript is approximately 14.15 kb, and the predicted protein polycystin is 4302/3 amino acids with a calculated mass of approximately 460 kd. Polycystin contains several distinctive extracellular domains, including a flank-leucine rich repeat-flank domain, a C-type lectin, 16 approximately 85-amino-acid units that are similar to immunoglobulin repeats, four fibronectin Type III-related domains, and a low-density lipoprotein A domain. The C-terminal third of the protein has multiple hydrophobic regions, and modeling of this region suggests the presence of many transmembrane domains and a cytoplasmic C terminus. Hence, polycystin is probably an integral membrane protein with multiple extracellular domains that are involved in cell-cell and/or cell-matrix interactions. The ADPKD phenotype suggests that polycystin may play a role in cell-matrix communication, which is important for normal basement membrane production and for controlling cellular differentiation.
Factors Relating to Peanut Yield Increases After Seed Treatment withBacillus subtilis (1991)

Bacillus subtilis, when added as a seed treatment, consistently colonized the roots of peanut plants at rates exceeding 10 4 colony-forming units (cfu) per gram of root tissue when evaluated 120 days after planting. Yield increases from 1982 to 1985 ranged from −3.5 to 37%, with only two incidences of negative responses in 24 tests. Peanuts responded most favorably to the bacterial seed treatment when subjected to stresses, such as limited water availability, poor rotational practices, or cool soils, caused by early plantings. Treatment of peanut seed with B. subtilis was associated with improved germination and emergence, increased nodulation by Rhizobium spp., enhanced plant nutrition, reduced levels of root cankers caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG-4, and increased root growth. The means by which B. subtilis may affect yield in peanuts are multiple and are not operative at the same time, making predictions of degree of yield responsiveness difficult
Noninvasive Continuous Monitoring of Physiological Glucose Using a Monosaccharide-Sensing Contact Lens (2003)

We have tested the feasibility of tear glucose sensing using a daily, disposable contact lens embedded with boronic acid-containing fluorophores as a potential alternative to current invasive glucose-monitoring techniques. Our findings show that our approach may, indeed, be suitable for the continuous monitoring of tear glucose levels in the range 50-500 microM, which track blood glucose levels that are approximately 5-10-fold higher. We compare the response of the boronic acid probes in the contact lens to solution-based measurements and can conclude that both the pH and polarity within the contact lens need to be considered with respect to choosing/designing and optimizing glucose-sensing probes for contact lenses.
Frequent Substitution Polymorphisms in African Green Monkey CCR5 Cluster at Critical Sites for Infections by Simian Immunodeficiency Virus SIVagm, Implying Ancient Virus-Host Coevolution (2001)

In contrast to humans, several primate species are believed to have harbored simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs) since ancient times. In particular, the geographically dispersed species of African green monkeys (AGMs) are all infected with highly diversified SIVagm viruses at high prevalences (greater than 50% of sexually mature individuals) without evident diseases, implying that the progenitor monkeys were infected prior to their dispersal. If this is correct, AGMs would be expected to have accumulated frequent resistance-conferring polymorphisms in host genes that are important for SIV replication. Accordingly, we analyzed the coding sequences of the CCR5 coreceptors from 26 AGMs (52 alleles) in distinct populations of the four species. These samples contained 29 nonsynonymous coding changes and only 15 synonymous nucleotide substitutions, implying intense functional selection. Moreover, 24 of the resulting amino acid substitutions were tightly clustered in the CCR5 amino terminus (D13N in the vervets and Y14N in the tantalus species) or in the first extracellular loop (Q93R and Q93K in all species). The Y14N substitution was extremely frequent in the 12 wild-born African tantalus, with 7 monkeys being homozygous for this substitution and 4 being heterozygous. Although two of these heterozygotes and the only wild-type homozygote were naturally infected with SIVagm, none of the Y14N homozygotes were naturally infected. A focal infectivity assay for SIVagm indicated that all five tested SIVagms efficiently use CCR5 as a coreceptor and that they also use CXCR6 (STRL33/Bonzo) and GPR15 (BOB) with lower efficiencies but not CXCR4. Interestingly, the D13N, Y14N, Q93R, and Q93K substitutions in AGM CCR5 all strongly inhibited infections by the SIVagm isolates in vitro. The Y14N substitution eliminates a tyrosine sulfation site that is important for infections and results in partial N-linked glycosylation (i.e., 60% efficiency) at this position. Nevertheless, the CCR5(Y14N) component that lacks an N-linked oligosaccharide binds the chemokine MIP-lbeta with a normal affinity and is fully active in signal transduction. Similarly, D13N and Q93R substitutions did not interfere with signal transduction. Thus, the common substitution polymorphisms in AGM CCR5 strongly inhibit SIVagm infections while substantially preserving chemokine signaling. In contrast, polymorphisms of human CCR5 are relatively infrequent, and the amino acid substitutions are randomly situated and generally without effects on coreceptor function. These results support an ancient coevolution of AGMs and SIVagm viruses and establish AGMs as a highly informative model for learning about host proteins that play critical roles in immunodeficiency virus infections.
The Chemorelease of Norepinephrine from Mouse Hearts. Structure-Activity Relationships. I. Sympathomimetic and Related Amines (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Chemorelease of Norepinephrine from Mouse Hearts. Structure-Activity Relationships. I. Sympathomimetic and Related AminesJ. W. Daly, C. R. Creveling, and B. WitkopCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1966, 9, 3, 273–280Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00321a001https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00321a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views320Altmetric-Citations59LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: NEUROTROPIC AND PSYCHOTROPIC AGENTS. CXXXIV. FLUORINATED TRICYCLIC NEUROLEPTICS: SYNTHESIS AND PHARMACOLOGY OF 8‐FLUORO‐4‐(4‐METHYLPIPERAZINO)‐4,5‐DIHYDROTHIENO(2,3,‐B)‐1‐BENZOTHIEPIN (1980)

Abstract Kondensation der o‐Iodphenyl‐essigsäure (I) mit dem Mercaptothiophen (II) ergibt das Sulfid (III), dessen Cyclisierungsprodukt, das Thien benzothiepinon (IV) über den Alkohol (Va) in das Chlorid (Vb) übergeführt wird; (Vb) reagiert mit dem Piperazin (VI) zu der Titelverbindung (Vc), deren Maleat bede tende zentraldegressorische und katalytische Eigenschaften, aber kaum inhibitorische Aktivität gegen Apomorphinstereotxgen in Ratten aufweist.
Purification and characterization of Bacillus subtilis CheY (1993)

Amino acid sequence comparison suggests that numerous proteins are common to the signal transduction pathways controlling chemotaxis in Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli. However, previous work has indicated several differences between the two systems. We have undertaken a comparative study of the roles of the CheY protein in chemotaxis by B. subtilis and E. coli. Although CheY from the two species share only 36% amino acid sequence identity, purified B. subtilis CheY was phosphorylated in vitro by E. coli CheA, and dephosphorylation of CheY-P was enhanced by E. coli CheZ. Alteration of the putative site of phosphorylation in B. subtilis CheY, Asp54, eliminated chemotaxis in vivo, further confirming that phosphorylation is important for B. subtilis chemotaxis. Loss of CheY function resulted in tumbling behavior in B. subtilis. Introduction of positively charged residues in place of Asp10 of B. subtilis CheY abolished function, whereas the corresponding changes in E. coli CheY apparently result in constitutive activation. The B. subtilis CheY Asp10 mutant proteins also failed to cause tumbling in E. coli, consistent with a different interaction between CheY and the flagellar switch in the two species. Finally, B. subtilis adapted more rapidly to positive stimuli than negative stimuli, whereas the opposite is true of E. coli. We conclude that B. subtilis regulates its response to positive chemotactic stimuli by enhancing phosphorylation of chemotaxis proteins, whereas E. coli reduces phosphorylation in the same circumstance.
Charge storage on a conducting polymer in solution (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCharge storage on a conducting polymer in solutionM. J. Nowak, D. Spiegel, S. Hotta, A. J. Heeger, and P. A. PincusCite this: Macromolecules 1989, 22, 7, 2917–2926Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00197a007https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00197a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views389Altmetric-Citations61LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
New beta-glucoside (bgl) genes in Bacillus subtilis: the bglP gene product has both transport and regulatory functions similar to those of BglF, its Escherichia coli homolog (1995)

The Bacillus subtilis sacY and sacT genes encode antiterminator proteins, similar to the Escherichia coli bglG gene product and required for transcription of sucrose metabolism genes. A Tn10 insertion into bglP (formerly sytA) has been previously identified as restoring sucrose utilization to a strain with deletions of both sacY and sacT. The nucleotide sequence of bglP showed a high degree of homology with the E. coli bglF gene (BglF is a beta-glucoside permease of the phosphotransferase system and also acts as a negative regulator of the BglG antiterminator). Complementation studies of an E. coli strain with a deletion of the bgl operon showed that BglP was a functional beta-glucoside permease. In B. subtilis, bglP complemented in trans both the bglP::Tn10 original insertion and a phenotypically similar bglP deletion. Disruption of licT abolished the suppressor phenotype in a bglP mutant. LicT is a recently identified third B. subtilis antiterminator of the BglG/SacY family. These observations indicated that BglP was also a negative regulator of LicT. Both LicT and BglP seem to be involved in the induction by beta-glucosides of an operon containing at least two genes, bglP itself and bglH, encoding a phospho-beta-glucosidase. Other beta-glucoside genes homologous to bglP and bglH have been recently described in B. subtilis. Thus, B. subtilis possesses several sets of beta-glucoside genes, like E. coli, but these genes do not appear to be cryptic.
Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases: Launch Editorial (2006)

DOAJ is a unique and extensive index of diverse open access journals from around the world, driven by a growing community, committed to ensuring quality content is freely available online for everyone.
Interactions of CCCH Zinc Finger Proteins with mRNA (2000)

Macrophages derived from tristetraprolin (TTP)-deficient mice exhibited increased tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) release as a consequence of increased stability of TNFalpha mRNA. TTP was then shown to destabilize TNFalpha mRNA after binding directly to the AU-rich region (ARE) of the 3'-untranslated region of the TNFalpha mRNA. In mammals and in Xenopus, TTP is the prototype of a small family of three known zinc finger proteins containing two CCCH zinc fingers spaced 18 amino acids apart; a fourth more distantly related family member has been identified in Xenopus and fish. We show here that representatives of all four family members were able to bind to the TNFalpha ARE in a cell-free system and, in most cases, promote the breakdown of TNFalpha mRNA in intact cells. Because the primary sequences of these CCCH proteins are most closely related in their tandem zinc finger domains, we tested whether various fragments of TTP that contained both zinc fingers resembled the intact protein in these assays. We found that amino- and carboxyl-terminal truncated forms of TTP, as well as a 77 amino acid fragment that contained both zinc fingers, could bind to the TNFalpha ARE in cell-free cross-linking and gel shift assays. In addition, these truncated forms of TTP could also stimulate the apparent deadenylation and/or breakdown of TNFalpha mRNA in intact cells. Alignments of the tandem zinc finger domains from all four groups of homologous proteins have identified invariant residues as well as group-specific signature amino acids that presumably contribute to ARE binding and protein-specific activities, respectively.
Cancer gene therapy by thyroid hormone-mediated expression of toxin genes. (2000)

Many of the strategies developed in the last few years to treat cancer by gene therapy are based on putative killer-suicide genes whose products convert a prodrug into a toxic compound. When the therapy is applied to humans, a vector carrying the killer gene is first inoculated into the tumor of the patient, who 1 week later receives the corresponding prodrug that will selectively kill the cells able to process it to its toxic derivative. A strategy that obviates the need for a prodrug to destroy the cancer cells would be preferable because the patient would only need one treatment instead of two consecutive ones. In the following study, we describe the construction of retroviral vectors in which a reporter or a toxin gene (either the Pseudomonas exotoxin or the Ricinus communis toxin, ricin) is placed under the control of the thyroid hormone (T3) regulatable promoter of the rat myelin basic protein (MBPp). We demonstrate that the expression of these genes under the control of MBPp is regulated by T3 in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, the MBPp is switched off when T3 is removed from the serum of the culture medium, allowing the production of retroviruses carrying the toxic gene. In vivo, the toxin gene bearing retroviruses is capable of eradicating experimentally induced brain tumors in Wistar rats. The gene therapy strategy described here does not require the use of a prodrug to destroy the neoplastic cells.
Amplified Expression Profiling of Platelet Transcriptome Reveals Changes in Arginine Metabolic Pathways in Patients With Sickle Cell Disease (2007)

The present studies suggest a potential pathogenic role for platelet arginase and altered arginine and polyamine metabolism in sickle cell disease and provide a novel framework for the study of disease-specific platelet biology.
Risk Profiles for Ageing Macular Disease (2004)

Oration| September 01 2004 Risk Profiles for Ageing Macular Disease Subject Area: Ophthalmology Paulus T.V.M. de Jong Paulus T.V.M. de Jong aDepartment of Ophthalmogenetics, Netherlands Ophthalmic Research Institute, KNAW, bDepartment of Ophthalmology, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, and cDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Ophthalmologica (2004) 218 (Suppl. 1): 5–16. https://doi.org/10.1159/000079462 Article history Published Online: September 01 2004 Content Tools Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Paulus T.V.M. de Jong; Risk Profiles for Ageing Macular Disease. Ophthalmologica 1 August 2004; 218 (Suppl. 1): 5–16. https://doi.org/10.1159/000079462 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsOphthalmologica Search Advanced Search Article PDF first page preview Close Modal This content is only available via PDF. 2004Copyright / Drug Dosage / DisclaimerCopyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. You do not currently have access to this content.
A desaturase‐like protein from white spruce is a Δ9 desaturase (2002)

Gymnospermae seed lipids are characterized by a high degree of desaturation, most having a Delta(9) double bond. By degenerate polymerase chain reaction (PCR) we have isolated a white spruce (Picea glauca) cDNA clone that encodes an amino acid sequence sharing a high degree of homology with other putative plant acyl-coenzyme A (CoA) Des9 desaturases. Both in vivo and in vitro expression studies in a Delta(9) desaturase-deficient yeast strain demonstrated the desaturation functionality of the white spruce clone, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses confirmed the regioselectivity of the encoded enzyme. This is the first report of the functional characterization of a plant membrane-bound acyl-CoA-like protein Delta(9) desaturase by heterologous expression in yeast.
2-Hetaryl-Substituted Bis(indenyl)zirconium Complexes as Catalyst Precursors for Elastomeric Polypropylene Formation (2000)

2-Indanone was treated with 2-lithio-5-methylfuran and the addition product dehydrated to yield the 2-(5‘-methyl-2‘-furyl)-substituted indene 2. Deprotonation with n-butyllithium followed by transmetalation to zirconium gave the bis(2-furylindenyl)ZrCl2 complex 4a. Subsequent reaction with methyllithium yielded the corresponding bis(2-furylindenyl)ZrMe2 system 6a. The related bis[2-(5‘-methyl-2‘-furyl)indenyl]hafnium complexes (5a, 7a) and the bis[2-(5‘-methyl-2‘-thienyl)indenyl]zirconium and -hafnium complexes 4b−6b were synthesized analogously. In the crystal the bis(2-furylindenyl)ZrCl2 (4a) and -HfCl2 (5a) complexes exhibit meso-like metallocene conformations, as shown by X-ray diffraction. In contrast, the bis(2-furylindenyl)ZrMe2 system (6a) shows a chiral, close to C2-symmetric rac-like metallocene conformation in the solid state. Hydrolysis of 2-(5‘-methyl-2‘-furyl)indene (2a) followed by Paal−Knorr pyrrole synthesis of the resulting 1,4-diketone 8 with methylamine gave (5‘-methyl-2‘-N-methylpyrrolyl)indene (9), which was deprotonated and transmetalated to yield the substituted bis(2-pyrrolylindenyl)ZrCl2 (11), -HfCl2 (12), and -ZrMe2 (13) complexes. Treatment of the [2-(5‘-methyl-2‘-furyl)indenyl]- and [2-(5‘-methyl-2‘-thienyl)indenyl]ZrCl2 systems 4a,b with excess methylalumoxane gave active homogeneous Ziegler catalysts for the production of elastomeric polypropylene. The catalyst derived from 11 yielded only propene oligomers.
The Nonhelical Structure of Antifreeze Protein Type III (1993)

Antifreeze proteins (AFPs) are present in the blood of some marine fishes and inhibit the growth of ice crystals at subzero temperatures by adsorption to the ice lattice. The solution structure of a Type III AFP was determined by two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. These measurements indicate that this 66-residue protein has an unusual fold in which eight beta strands form two sheets of three antiparallel strands and one sheet of two antiparallel strands, and the triple-stranded sheets are packed orthogonally into a beta sandwich. This structure is completely different from the amphipathic, helical structure observed for Type I AFPs.