gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Insulin-like Growth Factor-binding Protein-3 Binds Fibrinogen and Fibrin (1999)

Following tissue injury, a fibrin network formed at the wound site serves as a scaffold supporting the early migration of stromal cells needed for wound healing. Growth factors such as insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) concentrate in wounds to stimulate stromal cell function and proliferation. The ability of IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs) such as IGFBP-3 to reduce the rate of IGF-I clearance from wounds suggests that IGFBP-3 might bind directly to fibrinogen/fibrin. Studies presented here show that IGFBP-3 does indeed bind to fibrinogen and fibrin immobilized on immunocapture plates, with K(d) values = 0.67 and 0.70 nM, respectively, and competitive binding studies suggest that the IGFBP-3 heparin binding domain may participate in this binding. IGF-I does not compete for IGFBP-3 binding; instead, IGF-I binds immobilized IGFBP-3.fibrinogen and IGFBP-3.fibrin complexes with affinity similar to that of IGF-I for the type I IGF receptor. In the presence of plasminogen, most IGFBP-3 binds directly to fibrinogen, although 35-40% of the IGFBP-3 binds to fibrinogen-bound plasminogen. IGFBP-3 also binds specifically to native fibrin clots, and addition of exogenous IGFBP-3 increases IGF-I binding. These studies suggest that IGF-I can concentrate at wound sites by binding to fibrin-immobilized IGFBP-3, and that the lower IGF affinity of fibrin-bound IGFBP-3 allows IGF-I release to type I IGF receptors of stromal cells migrating into the fibrin clot.
Lectin Effects on HIV‐1 Infectivity (1994)

Lectins with specificity for terminal mannose residues and anti-mannan antibodies are assumed to neutralize HIV-1 by binding to the viral glycoproteins. In this report we demonstrate that one such agents, the lectin from Galanthus nivalis (GNA), blocks infection also at the target cell level.
Virus interference. I. The interferon (1957)

Abstract During a study of the interference produced by heat-inactivated influenza virus with the growth of live virus in fragments of chick chorio-allantoic membrane it was found that following incubation of heated virus with membrane a new factor was released. This factor, recognized by its ability to induce interference in fresh pieces of chorio-allantoic membrane, was called interferon. Following a lag phase interferon was first detected in the membranes after 3 h incubation and thereafter it was released into the surrounding fluid.
The C-terminal RG Dipeptide Repeats of the Spliceosomal Sm Proteins D1 and D3 Contain Symmetrical Dimethylarginines, Which Form a Major B-cell Epitope for Anti-Sm Autoantibodies (2000)

The Sm proteins B/B', D1, D2, D3, E, F, and G are components of the small nuclear ribonucleoproteins U1, U2, U4/U6, and U5 that are essential for the splicing of pre-mRNAs in eukaryotes. D1 and D3 are among the most common antigens recognized by anti-Sm autoantibodies, an autoantibody population found exclusively in patients afflicted with systemic lupus erythematosus. Here we demonstrate by protein sequencing and mass spectrometry that all arginines in the C-terminal arginine-glycine (RG) dipeptide repeats of the human Sm proteins D1 and D3, isolated from HeLa small nuclear ribonucleoproteins, contain symmetrical dimethylarginines (sDMAs), a posttranslational modification thus far only identified in the myelin basic protein. The further finding that human D1 individually overexpressed in baculovirus-infected insect cells contains asymmetrical dimethylarginines suggests that the symmetrical dimethylation of the RG repeats in D1 and D3 is dependent on the assembly status of D1 and D3. In antibody binding studies, 10 of 11 anti-Sm patient sera tested, as well as the monoclonal antibody Y12, reacted with a chemically synthesized C-terminal peptide of D1 containing sDMA, but not with peptides containing asymmetrically modified or nonmodified arginines. These results thus demonstrate that the sDMA-modified C terminus of D1 forms a major linear epitope for anti-Sm autoantibodies and Y12 and further suggest that posttranslational modifications of Sm proteins play a role in the etiology of systemic lupus erythematosus.
Inhibitors of interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4): a patent review (2012-2015) (2016)

There are currently many examples of highly potent and kinase selective IRAK4 inhibitors and some have been tested in various in vivo disease models, demonstrating robust pre-clinical efficacy. Several compounds appear to have the 'drug-like' properties to advance to the clinic, with Pfizer having already initiated several phase I studies.
FcεRII/CD23: The Low Affinity Receptor for IgE (1990)

Exhausted CD8 T (Tex) cells are a distinct cell lineage that arise during chronic infections and cancers in animal models and humans. Tex cells are characterized by progressive loss of effector functions, high and sustained inhibitory receptor expression, ...Read More
In vitro comparison of standard and knotless metal suture anchors (2004)

If reattached soft tissues are subjected to postoperative loading, gap formation may result when using the Knotless anchor. For these conditions, suture fixation with knots may be used instead.
Risk of relapse in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia is related to RBC methotrexate and mercaptopurine metabolites during maintenance chemotherapy. Nordic Society for Pediatric Hematology and Oncology. (1995)

The pharmacokinetics of MTX and 6MP may have significant influence on the risk of relapse. The value of dose adjustments by E-MTX and E-6TGN remains to be determined.
Quantitative correspondence between the in vivo and in vitro activity of teratogenic agents. (1982)

We have tested 74 teratogenic and 28 nonteratogenic agents in a recently developed in vitro teratogen assay system. The assay identifies teratogens by their ability to inhibit attachment of ascites tumor cells to plastic surfaces coated with concanavalin A. There is a qualitative agreement between in vivo animal data and in vitro activity for 81 of the 102 agents (79%). Quantitative analysis shows a highly significant correlation coefficient of 0.69 between the inhibitory in vitro dose and the lowest reported teratogenic dose for 54 of the 60 inhibitory teratogens. The doses analyzed ranged over 5 orders of magnitude. We interpret these results to mean that attachment inhibition in concert with other, complementary, in vitro assay systems can become a useful method for the assessment of the teratogenic potential of environmental agents.
Echinocandin Treatment of Pneumocystis Pneumonia in Rodent Models Depletes Cysts Leaving Trophic Burdens That Cannot Transmit the Infection (2010)

Fungi in the genus Pneumocystis cause pneumonia (PCP) in hosts with debilitated immune systems and are emerging as co-morbidity factors associated with chronic diseases such as COPD. Limited therapeutic choices and poor understanding of the life cycle are a result of the inability of these fungi to grow outside the mammalian lung. Within the alveolar lumen, Pneumocystis spp., appear to have a bi-phasic life cycle consisting of an asexual phase characterized by binary fission of trophic forms and a sexual cycle resulting in formation of cysts, but the life cycle stage that transmits the infection is not known. The cysts, but not the trophic forms, express beta -1,3-D-glucan synthetase and contain abundant beta -1,3-D-glucan. Here we show that therapeutic and prophylactic treatment of PCP with echinocandins, compounds which inhibit the synthesis of beta -1,3-D-glucan, depleted cysts in rodent models of PCP, while sparing the trophic forms which remained in significant numbers. Survival was enhanced in the echincandin treated mice, likely due to the decreased beta -1,3-D-glucan content in the lungs of treated mice and rats which coincided with reductions of cyst numbers, and dramatic remodeling of organism morphology. Strong evidence for the cyst as the agent of transmission was provided by the failure of anidulafungin-treated mice to transmit the infection. We show for the first time that withdrawal of anidulafungin treatment with continued immunosuppression permitted the repopulation of cyst forms. Treatment of PCP with an echinocandin alone will not likely result in eradication of infection and cessation of echinocandin treatment while the patient remains immunosuppressed could result in relapse. Importantly, the echinocandins provide novel and powerful chemical tools to probe the still poorly understood bi-phasic life cycle of this genus of fungal pathogens.
Lumpectomy and radiation therapy for the treatment of intraductal breast cancer: findings from National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project B-17. (1998)

Through 8 years of follow-up, our findings continue to indicate that lumpectomy plus radiation is more beneficial than lumpectomy alone for women with localized, mammographically detected DCIS. When evaluated according to the mammographic characteristics of their DCIS, all groups benefited from radiation.
Near-infrared imaging of developmental defects in dental enamel (2008)

Polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) and near-infrared (NIR) imaging are promising new technologies under development for monitoring early carious lesions. Fluorosis is a growing problem in the United States, and the more prevalent mild fluorosis can be visually mistaken for early enamel demineralization. Unfortunately, there is little quantitative information available regarding the differences in optical properties of sound enamel, enamel developmental defects, and caries. Thirty extracted human teeth with various degrees of suspected fluorosis were imaged using PS-OCT and NIR. An InGaAs camera and a NIR diode laser were used to measure the optical attenuation through transverse tooth sections (approximately 200 microm). A digital microradiography system was used to quantify the enamel defect severity by measurement of the relative mineral loss for comparison with optical scattering measurements. Developmental defects were clearly visible in the polarization-resolved OCT images, demonstrating that PS-OCT can be used to nondestructively measure the depth and possible severity of the defects. Enamel defects on whole teeth that could be imaged with high contrast with visible light were transparent in the NIR. This study suggests that PS-OCT and NIR methods may potentially be used as tools to assess the severity and extent of enamel defects.
Nanotube-based sensor arrays for clinical breath analysis (2008)

Instrumentation for clinical breath analysis is being developed using a variety of sensor technologies and information processing strategies. One type of instrumentation for clinical breath analysis uses an array of sensors for detection of volatile analytes in breath and pattern recognition and categorization algorithms able to learn and store information about the constant and variable components of human breath samples. This later approach is known as electronic olfaction. We present a new sensor technology for electronic olfaction that offers the potential to develop miniature sensor chips deploying hundreds of diverse and sensitive sensors based on DNA-decorated semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes. We have made sensor devices sensitive to some components of human breath (organic acids, trimethylamine). Screening of further DNA oligomers for their ability to render DNA-coated nanotubes sensitive to additional volatile components of human breath is needed to fully exploit this new sensor technology for clinical breath analysis.
Solid phase synthesis (1985)

Research Article| May 01 1985 Solid phase synthesis: Nobel lecture, 8 December 1984 Bruce Merrifield Bruce Merrifield 1Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021, USA Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biosci Rep (1985) 5 (5): 353–376. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01116553 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share MailTo Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation Bruce Merrifield; Solid phase synthesis: Nobel lecture, 8 December 1984. Biosci Rep 1 May 1985; 5 (5): 353–376. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01116553 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBioscience Reports Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1985 The Biochemical Society1985 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Surface-plasmon enhanced transparent electrodes in organic photovoltaics (2008)

Random silver nanohole films were created through colloidal lithography techniques and metal vapor deposition. The transparent electrodes were characterized by uv-visible spectroscopy and incorporated into an organic solar cell. The test cells were evaluated for solar power-conversion efficiency and incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency. The incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency spectra displayed evidence that a nanohole film with 92nm diameter holes induces surface-plasmon-enhanced photoconversion. The nanohole silver films demonstrate a promising route to removing the indium tin oxide transparent electrode that is ubiquitous in organic optoelectronics.
Identification and expression profiling of a human C‐type lectin, structurally homologous to mouse dectin‐2 (2005)

A number of C-type lectins on antigen-presenting cells play an important role in regulating innate immunity. Previously, we identified the mouse C-type lectins (dectin-1, and dectin-2) and human DECTIN-1. To identify human DECTIN-2, we employed degenerative polymerase chain reaction-based cDNA cloning using RNA from human Langerhans cell (LC)-like dendritic cells (DCs). This process yielded a cDNA encoding a C-type lectin with 66.5% amino acid sequence homology to mouse dectin-2, the same gene reported by Kanazawa et al. (J Invest Dermatol 2004: 122: 1522-1524) using the disparate approach of analyzing coding sequences in chromosome 12. Similar to their findings, we found gene expression in lung, spleen, and lymph node. Among resting leukocytes, it was expressed at highest levels by CD14+ monocytes, at lower levels by CD19+ B cells, and not at all by CD4+ T cells. Activation of CD19+ B cells with pokeweed mitogen down-regulated gene expression, whereas expression in CD4+ T cells was induced by Con A. Among our novel findings are an alternatively spliced transcript lacking exon 2, expression in bone marrow and tonsil, expression in CD8+ T cells that is abrogated following activation with phytohemagglutinin, restricted expression to CD1a+ LC within epidermis, and preferential expression by plasmacytoid (rather than myeloid) DC. Finally, we found that treatment with interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-10, or UVB down regulated gene expression in CD14+ monocytes, whereas granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, transforming growth factor-beta1, or tumor necrosis factor-alpha treatment up-regulated it. Our findings may form the basis for understanding the function of human DECTIN-2 in innate immunity.
Cytochrome Oxidase Inhibition: A Novel Animal Model of Alzheimer's Disease (1992)

A profound decrease in activity of the mitochondrial enzyme cytochrome oxidase in blood platelets is a recently identified concomitant of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We investigated a possible pathogenic link between this finding and the symptoms of AD by mimicking this mitochondrial enzyme deficiency in rats. Rats were infused chronically with a selective inhibitor of cytochrome oxidase, sodium azide, or with saline delivered via subcutaneously implanted osmotic minipumps. The azide treatment impaired both spatial and nonspatial learning. Further, the azide treatment inhibited a low-threshold form of hippocampal long-term potentiation, primed burst potentiation. The behavioral deficits were not secondary to a sensory or motor impairment. Thus, chronic azide treatment of rats models some characteristics of AD.
Inhibition of Monoamine Oxidase Selectively in Brain Monoamine Nerves Using the Bioprecursor (E‐β‐Fluoromethylene‐m‐Tyrosine (MDL 72394), a Substrate for Aromatic L‐Amino Acid Decarboxylase (1985)

(E)-beta-Fluoromethylene-m-tyrosine (FMMT) is a dual-enzyme-activated inhibitor of monoamine oxidase (MAO). The compound is not an inhibitor per se but is decarboxylated by aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) to yield a potent enzyme-activated irreversible inhibitor of MAO, (E)-beta-fluoromethylene-m-tyramine, which shows some selectivity for inhibition of MAO type A. Decarboxylation of FMMT was demonstrated in vitro using hog kidney AADC and in vivo in rats by the ability of alpha-monofluoromethyldopa (MFMD), a potent inhibitor of AADC, to prevent MAO inhibition produced by FMMT. In isolated synaptosomes, FMMT was decarboxylated by AADC, and, furthermore, the compound was actively transported into these isolated nerve endings. An active transport into the CNS has also been demonstrated in vivo by performing competition experiments with leucine. To demonstrate that FMMT is preferentially decarboxylated within monoamine nerves of the CNS, the nigrostriatal 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine (dopamine) pathway of rats was unilaterally lesioned with 6-hydroxydopamine or infused with MFMD. Under these conditions, MAO inhibition produced by orally administered FMMT in the striatum ipsilateral to the lesion or infusion was markedly attenuated. Combination of FMMT with an inhibitor of extracerebral AADC, such as carbidopa, protected peripheral organs against the MAO inhibitory effects and concomitantly enhanced MAO inhibition in the CNS. Such combinations had a greatly reduced propensity to augment the cardiovascular effects of intraduodenally administered tyramine, when compared with FMMT given alone or with clorgyline, a selective inhibitor of MAO type A. The results obtained with FMMT suggest the possibility of achieving selective inhibition of MAO within monoamine nerves of the CNS and, further, suggest that combination of FMMT with an inhibitor of extracerebral AADC will reduce the propensity of this inhibitor to produce adverse interactions with tyramine.
Carbon dioxide: a reagent for simultaneous protection of nucleophilic centers and the activation of alternative locations to electrophilic attack. V. Activation of the 2-alkyl group of a 2-alkylindole toward proton loss and subsequent electrophilic substitution (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCarbon dioxide: a reagent for simultaneous protection of nucleophilic centers and the activation of alternative locations to electrophilic attack. V. Activation of the 2-alkyl group of a 2-alkylindole toward proton loss and subsequent electrophilic substitutionAlan R. Katritzky and Kunihiko. AkutagawaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 21, 6808–6809Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00281a061https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00281a061research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views840Altmetric-Citations51LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Sensitive and Specific DNA Probe for Detection of Plasmodium falciparum (1986)

The isolation and some characteristics of a very sensitive DNA probe for the detection of Plasmodium falciparum are described. The probe is species specific and represents a large, albeit variable, fraction of the genome in all the strains tested. In addition to its immediate practical uses for the detection and quantitation of parasites, the probe defines an interesting family of repeated sequences.
Direct Blow-Spinning of Nanofibers on a Window Screen for Highly Efficient PM2.5 Removal (2016)

Particulate matter (PM) pollution has caused many serious public health issues. Whereas indoor air protection usually relies on expensive and energy-consuming filtering devices, direct PM filtration by window screens has attracted increasing attention. Recently, electrospun polymer nanofiber networks have been developed as transparent filters for highly efficient PM<sub>2.5</sub> removal; however, it remains challenging to uniformly coat the nanofibers on window screens on a large scale and with low cost. Here, we report a blow-spinning technique that is fast, efficient, and free of high voltages for the large-scale direct coating of nanofibers onto window screens for indoor PM pollution protection. We have achieved a transparent air filter of 80% optical transparency with >99% standard removal efficiency level for PM<sub>2.5.</sub> A test on a real window (1 m × 2 m) in Beijing has proven that the nanofiber transparent air filter acquires excellent PM<sub>2.5</sub> removal efficiency of 90.6% over 12 h under extremely hazy air conditions (PM<sub>2.5</sub> mass concentration > 708 μg/m<sup>3</sup>). Moreover, we show that the nanofibers can be readily coated on the window screen for pollution protection and can be easily removed by wiping the screen after hazardous days.
Advances in Large-Margin Classifiers (2000)

The book provides an overview of recent developments in large margin classifiers, examines connections with other methods (e.g., Bayesian inference), and identifies strengths and weaknesses of the method, as well as directions for future research. The concept of large margins is a unifying principle for the analysis of many different approaches to the classification of data from examples, including boosting, mathematical programming, neural networks, and support vector machines. The fact that it is the margin, or confidence level, of a classification—that is, a scale parameter—rather than a raw training error that matters has become a key tool for dealing with classifiers. This book shows how this idea applies to both the theoretical analysis and the design of algorithms. The book provides an overview of recent developments in large margin classifiers, examines connections with other methods (e.g., Bayesian inference), and identifies strengths and weaknesses of the method, as well as directions for future research. Among the contributors are Manfred Opper, Vladimir Vapnik, and Grace Wahba. Bradford Books imprint