gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cytomegalovirus-Specific T-Cell Immunity in Recipients of Autologous Peripheral Blood Stem Cell or Bone Marrow Transplants (1997)

The cytomegalovirus (CMV)-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) and CD4+ T-helper cell (Th) functions were characterized in 15 CMV seropositive recipients of autologous peripheral blood stem cell or bone marrow transplants. These immune functions were evaluated in peripheral blood specimens obtained before and at 1, 2, and 3 months after transplant. For study of CTL activity, blood mononuclear cells were cocultured with CMV-infected autologous fibroblasts for 2 weeks and then tested for cytotoxicity against CMV-infected or mock-infected autologous and HLA-mismatched fibroblasts. The Th response to CMV antigen was assessed by standard lymphoproliferative assay. CMV-specific CD8+ CTL and CD4+ Th responses were detectable in 12 (80%) and 14 (93%) patients, respectively, in the first 3 months after transplantation. A Th response to CMV was always present by the time of first CTL detection. During the posttransplant period, CMV infection occurred in 6 (40%) patients, and detection of CMV-specific CD8+ CTL activity was associated with protection from subsequent CMV infection (P = .002). Among CMV seropositive autograft recipients, CMV-specific CD8+ CTL and CD4+ Th responses are restored in a large proportion of patients in the first 3 months after transplantation, and the presence of a specific CD8+ CTL activity affords protection from CMV infection.
Electronic dispersion compensation by signal predistortion (2006)

We review recent work on electronic dispersion precompensation, and present the results of simulations investigating the compensation of chromatic dispersion and intra-channel fibre nonlinearity in 10 Gb/s systems using a programmable look-up table and linear finite impulse response filters
An iterative algorithm for the computation of the MVDR filter (2001)

Statistical conditional optimization criteria lead to the development of an iterative algorithm that starts from the matched filter (or constraint vector) and generates a sequence of filters that converges to the minimum-variance-distortionless-response (MVDR) solution for any positive definite input autocorrelation matrix. Computationally, the algorithm is a simple, noninvasive, recursive procedure that avoids any form of explicit autocorrelation matrix inversion, decomposition, or diagonalization. Theoretical analysis reveals basic properties of the algorithm and establishes formal convergence. When the input autocorrelation matrix is replaced by a conventional sample-average (positive definite) estimate, the algorithm effectively generates a sequence of MVDR filter estimators; the bias converges rapidly to zero and the covariance trace rises slowly and asymptotically to the covariance trace of the familiar sample-matrix-inversion (SMI) estimator. In fact, formal convergence of the estimator sequence to the SMI estimate is established. However, for short data records, it is the early, nonasymptotic elements of the generated sequence of estimators that offer favorable bias covariance balance and are seen to outperform in mean-square estimation error, constraint-LMS, RLS-type, orthogonal multistage decomposition, as well as plain and diagonally loaded SMI estimates. An illustrative interference suppression example is followed throughout this presentation.
Reactive Oxygen Nitrogen Species Decrease Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Expression and cAMP-mediated Cl− Secretion in Airway Epithelia (2002)

We investigated putative mechanisms by which nitric oxide modulates cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) expression and function in epithelial cells. Immunoprecipitation followed by Western blotting, as well as immunocytochemical and cell surface biotinylation measurements, showed that incubation of both stably transduced (HeLa) and endogenous CFTR expressing (16HBE14o-, Calu-3, and mouse tracheal epithelial) cells with 100 microm diethylenetriamine NONOate (DETA NONOate) for 24-96 h decreased both intracellular and apical CFTR levels. Calu-3 and mouse tracheal epithelial cells, incubated with DETA NONOate but not with 100 microm 8-bromo-cGMP for 96 h, exhibited reduced cAMP-activated short circuit currents when mounted in Ussing chambers. Exposure of Calu-3 cells to nitric oxide donors resulted in the nitration of a number of proteins including CFTR. Nitration was augmented by proteasome inhibition, suggesting a role for the proteasome in the degradation of nitrated proteins. Our studies demonstrate that levels of nitric oxide that are likely to be encountered in the vicinity of airway cells during inflammation may nitrate CFTR resulting in enhanced degradation and decreased function. Decreased levels and function of normal CFTR may account for some of the cystic fibrosis-like symptoms that occur in chronic inflammatory lung diseases associated with increased NO production.
Hardware accelerated rendering of antialiasing using a modified a-buffer algorithm (1997)

one pass per subpixel sample) through the hardware rendering pipeline. The resulting image is very high quality, but the performance degrades in proportion to the number of subpixel samples used by the filter function. This paper describes algorithms for accelerating antialiasing in 3D graphics through low-cost custom hardware. The rendering architecture employs a multiple-pass algorithm to perform front-to-back hidden surface removal and shading. Coverage mask evaluation is used to composite objects in 3D. The key advantage of this approach is that antialiasing requires no additional memory and decreases rendering performance by only 30-40% for typical images. The system is image partition based and is scalable to satisfy a wide range of performance and cost constraints.
Joint Syntacto-Discourse Parsing and the Syntacto-Discourse Treebank (2017)

Discourse parsing has long been treated as a stand-alone problem independent from constituency or dependency parsing. Most attempts at this problem are pipelined rather than end-to-end, sophisticated, and not self-contained: they assume gold-standard text segmentations (Elementary Discourse Units), and use external parsers for syntactic features. In this paper we propose the first end-to-end discourse parser that jointly parses in both syntax and discourse levels, as well as the first syntacto-discourse treebank by integrating the Penn Treebank with the RST Treebank. Built upon our recent span-based constituency parser, this joint syntacto-discourse parser requires no preprocessing whatsoever (such as segmentation or feature extraction), achieves the state-of-the-art end-to-end discourse parsing accuracy.
The Role of Ligand Density in the Enzymatic Glycosylation of Carbohydrates Presented on Self-Assembled Monolayers of Alkanethiolates on Gold (1999)

The biological activity of immobilized carbohydrates can show a dramatic dependence on the density of carbohydrate. This is the result of investigations with self-assembled monolayers that present N-acetylglucosamine groups as a model substrate for glycosylation by bovine β-1,4-galactosyltransferase (GalTase; see picture). Surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy and carbohydrate-binding lectins were used to characterize the reaction at the interface. UDP-Gal=uridine diphosphogalactose.
HL‐A Antigens in Sarcoidosis (1973)

The frequency of HL–A antigens was determined in 50 patients with sarcoidosis and in 100 healthy controls. A higher frequency of HL–A7 was found among the sarcoidosis patients (52%) compared to the control group (27 %), but this difference is not statistically significant.
Evidence-based Medicine Update on Testosterone Replacement Therapy (TRT) in Male Hypogonadism: Focus on New Formulations (2011)

Until the 2000s Testosterone (T) Replacement Therapy (TRT) wasn't very satisfactory for male hypogonadic patients because the available T formulations weren't able to reproduce the physiological pattern of T secretion in man. In fact, oral formulations (oral undecanoate T) showed very short half-life (<24 hours), requiring the administration of several daily doses, whereas the old injection products (T esters) were characterized by very long half-life (>7 days) because of their adipose tissue storage, requiring to be administered every 2-3 weeks but determining remarkable and quick fluctuations (in 2-3 weeks) of the testosteronemia with variations in a few days from over-physiological levels (> 2000 ng/dl) to very low levels (< 200 ng/dl). Nowadays, several compounds can attain the standards of suitability and effectiveness of TRT in hypogonadal men. Both transcutaneous (gel) T and long-acting injectable formulations are the most modern preparations that can satisfy the criteria of an ideal chronic replacement therapy. In fact, they keep the serum T levels in the physiological range imitating its circadian rhythm, leading to the development and/or the preservation of male sexual characteristics and, finally, positively influencing bone mass, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue distribution. In particular, the availability and use of long-acting injectable undecanoate T can really improve the patients' compliance as requested for a life-long treatment. However, definitive and conclusive evidence regarding the main end-points, such as the diminished recurrence of falls in elderly men, the decrease in fractures in osteoporotic subjects, the reduction in disabling conditions and the extension of life, have not been reached so far. Therefore, the aim of this review is to sum up the most important evidence that has been collected regarding TRT, highlighting in particular those concerning both transcutaneous and long-acting injectable T compounds.
Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-4 Protease Produced by Smooth Muscle Cells Increases in the Coronary Artery After Angioplasty (2001)

Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I stimulates vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) migration and proliferation, which are fundamental to neointimal hyperplasia in postangioplasty restenosis. IGF-I action is modulated by several high-affinity IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs). IGFBP-4 is the predominant IGFBP produced by VSMCs and is a potent inhibitor of IGF-I action. However, specific IGFBP-4 proteases can cleave IGFBP-4 and liberate active IGF-I. In this study, we document IGFBP-4 protease produced by human and porcine coronary artery VSMCs in culture as pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A). This was shown by a distinctive IGFBP-4 cleavage pattern, specific inhibition of IGFBP-4 protease activity with PAPP-A polyclonal antibodies, and immunorecognition of PAPP-A by monoclonal antibodies. Furthermore, we found a 2-fold increase in IGFBP-4 protease activity in injured porcine VSMC cultures in vitro (P<0.05). We also evaluated IGFBP-4 protease/PAPP-A expression in vivo after coronary artery balloon injury. Twenty-five immature female pigs underwent coronary overstretch balloon injury, and vessels were examined at defined time points after the procedure. Abundant PAPP-A expression was observed in the cytoplasm of medial and neointimal cells 7, 14, and 28 days after angioplasty (P<0.01 vs control). The highest PAPP-A labeling indices were located in the neointima (36.1+/-2.1%) and the media (31.7+/-1.2%) 28 days after injury. Western blot analysis confirmed increased PAPP-A in injured vessels. PAPP-A, a regulator of IGF-I bioavailability through proteolysis of IGFBP-4, is thus expressed by VSMCs in vitro and in restenotic lesions in vivo. These results suggest a possible role for PAPP-A in neointimal hyperplasia.
T-cell depletion and graft survival induced by anti-human CD3 immunotoxins in human CD3?? transgenic mice (2002)

Background. Anti-CD3 immunotoxins are broad-spectrum immunosuppressive agents in a wide range of organ transplantation animal models with potential use in eliciting antigen-specific tolerance. However, the anti-CD3 immunotoxins used in animal studies do not cross-react with human T cells, limiting extrapolation to humans and hindering clinical development. Methods. Three anti-human CD3-directed immunotoxins, DT389-scFv(UCHT1), scFv(UCHT1)-PE38, and UCHT1-CRM9, were compared in vitro and in transgenic mice, tgε600±, that have T cells expressing both human and murine CD3ε antigens. Results. These immunotoxins were extraordinarily potent in vitro against human or transgenic mouse T cells, with IC50 values in cellular assays ranging from pM to fM. Systemic administration of these immunotoxins dose-dependently depleted >99% of tgε600± lymph node and spleen T cells in vivo. Depletion was specific for T cells. The loss of the concanavalin A-induced, but not the lipopolysaccharide-induced, splenic proliferative response from immunotoxin-treated animals further demonstrated specific loss of T-cell function. Immunotoxin treatment prolonged fully allogeneic skin graft survival in tgε600± recipients to 25 days from 10 days in untreated animals. T-cells recovered to ∼50% of normal levels after approximately 22 days in animals with or without skin grafts; T-cell recovery correlated with skin graft rejection. All three immunotoxins elicited >100 day median survival of fully allogeneic heterotopic heart grafts. By 100 days, T cells recovered to normal numbers in these animals, but the grafts showed chronic rejection. Conclusion. These immunotoxins profoundly deplete T cells in vivo and effectively prolong allogeneic graft survival.
URANIUM-233 DISPOSITION, MEDICAL ISOTOPE PRODUCTION, AND BUILDING 3019 COMPLEX SHUTDOWN AT OAK RIDGE, TENNESSEE (2005)

More than 1.5 tons of total uranium, including 450 kg of highly enriched 233 U, a special nuclear material contained in more than 1,200 canisters is stored in a Manhattan Project vintage facility. The Department of Energy (DOE) determined that continued 233 U storage in Building 3019A at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory represents a significant liability. At a minimum the material has to be repackaged to address safety issues and ultimately downblended to reduce security concerns.
Fabrication of Topologically Complex Three-Dimensional Microfluidic Systems in PDMS by Rapid Prototyping (2000)

This paper describes a procedure for making topologically complex three-dimensional microfluidic channel systems in poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS). This procedure is called the "membrane sandwich" method to suggest the structure of the final system: a thin membrane having channel structures molded on each face (and with connections between the faces) sandwiched between two thicker, flat slabs that provide structural support. Two "masters" are fabricated by rapid prototyping using two-level photolithography and replica molding. They are aligned face to face, under pressure, with PDMS prepolymer between them. The PDMS is cured thermally. The masters have complementary alignment tracks, so registration is straightforward. The resulting, thin PDMS membrane can be transferred and sealed to another membrane or slab of PDMS by a sequence of steps in which the two masters are removed one at a time; these steps take place without distortion of the features. This method can fabricate a membrane containing a channel that crosses over and under itself, but does not intersect itself and, therefore, can be fabricated in the form of any knot. It follows that this method can generate topologically complex microfluidic systems; this capability is demonstrated by the fabrication of a "basketweave" structure. By filling the channels and removing the membrane, complex microstructures can be made. Stacking and sealing more than one membrane allows even more complicated geometries than are possible in one membrane. A square coiled channel that surrounds, but does not connect to, a straight channel illustrates this type of complexity.
Activation of Integrin-Linked Kinase Is a Critical Prosurvival Pathway Induced in Leukemic Cells by Bone Marrow–Derived Stromal Cells (2007)

Integrin-linked kinase (ILK) directly interacts with beta integrins and phosphorylates Akt in a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-dependent manner. In this study, we examined the functional role of ILK activation in leukemic and bone marrow stromal cells on their direct contact. Coculture of leukemic NB4 cells with bone marrow-derived stromal mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) resulted in robust activation of multiple signaling pathways, including ILK/Akt, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3), and Notch1/Hes. Blockade of PI3K or ILK signaling with pharmacologic inhibitors LY294002 or QLT0267 specifically inhibited stroma-induced phosphorylation of Akt and glycogen synthase kinase 3beta, suppressed STAT3 and ERK1/2 activation, and decreased Notch1 and Hes1 expression in leukemic cells. This resulted in induction of apoptosis in both leukemic cell lines and in primary acute myelogenous leukemia samples that was not abrogated by MSC coculture. In turn, leukemic cells growing in direct contact with bone marrow stromal elements induce activation of Akt, ERK1/2, and STAT3 signaling in MSC, accompanied by significant increase in Hes1 and Bcl-2 proteins, which were all suppressed by QLT0267 and LY294002. In summary, our results indicate reciprocal activation of ILK/Akt in both leukemic and bone marrow stromal cells. We propose that ILK/Akt is a proximal signaling pathway critical for survival of leukemic cells within the bone marrow microenvironment. Hence, disruption of these interactions by ILK inhibitors represents a potential novel therapeutic strategy to eradicate leukemia in the bone marrow microenvironment by simultaneous targeting of both leukemic cells and activated bone marrow stromal cells.
Effects of carrier transport on high-speed quantum well lasers (1991)

We present a model for the dynamic response of quantum well lasers which shows that the carrier transport across the separate confinement heterostructure region and the barriers can be critical in determining the modulation bandwidth. We also show that, depending on the particular quantum well laser structure, a large part of the experimentally measured reduction in modulation bandwidth is due to transport factors.
Mechanism of the reactions of dimethylsilylene with oxetanes (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMechanism of the reactions of dimethylsilylene with oxetanesTai-Yin Yang Gu and William P. WeberCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 5, 1641–1644Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00525a030https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00525a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views275Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Chemical Vapor Deposition for Microelectronics: Principles, Technology and Applications (1987)

This title presents an extensive, comprehensive study of chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Understanding CVD requires knowledge of fluid mechanics, plasma physics, chemical thermodynamics, and kinetics as well as homogenous and heterogeneous chemical reactions. This text presents these aspects of CVD in an integrated fashion, and also reviews films for use in integrated circuit technology.
The human brain is intrinsically organized into dynamic, anticorrelated functional networks (2005)

During performance of attention-demanding cognitive tasks, certain regions of the brain routinely increase activity, whereas others routinely decrease activity. In this study, we investigate the extent to which this task-related dichotomy is represented intrinsically in the resting human brain through examination of spontaneous fluctuations in the functional MRI blood oxygen level-dependent signal. We identify two diametrically opposed, widely distributed brain networks on the basis of both spontaneous correlations within each network and anticorrelations between networks. One network consists of regions routinely exhibiting task-related activations and the other of regions routinely exhibiting task-related deactivations. This intrinsic organization, featuring the presence of anticorrelated networks in the absence of overt task performance, provides a critical context in which to understand brain function. We suggest that both task-driven neuronal responses and behavior are reflections of this dynamic, ongoing, functional organization of the brain.
A Conformational Immunogen on VP-2 of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus that Induces Virus-neutralizing Antibodies that Passively Protect Chickens (1989)

VP-2b, a major structural protein of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), and its precursor protein VP-2a were separated in a soluble form from the supernatant of ultracentrifuged viruses by using a monoclonal antibody specific for VP-3, the other major structural protein, to remove soluble VP-3 and remaining virus particles. The native VP-2a/2b inhibited the majority of virus-neutralizing (VN) activity in chicken anti-IBDV sera and chickens immunized with VP-2a/2b produced VN antibodies that passively protected susceptible chickens from infection. However, the separated VP2a/2b was not as immunogenic as intact virus particles. VP-2a/2b would appear to contain a conformational epitope which is destroyed by SDS and boiling and which may prove to be of critical importance in a subunit vaccine against type 1 IBDV.
Fast entanglement of two charge-phase qubits through nonadiabatic coupling to a large Josephson junction (2004)

We propose a theoretical protocol for quantum logic gates between two Josephson junction charge-phase qubits through the control of their coupling to a large junction whose Josephson coupling energy is much larger than its Coulomb charge energy. In the low excitation limit of the large junction, it behaves effectively as a quantum data-bus mode of a harmonic oscillator. Our protocol can be fast since it does not require the data-bus to stay adiabatically in its ground state, as such it can be implemented over a wide parameter regime independent of the data-bus quantum state.