gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Positive and Negative Regulation of NF-κB by COX-2 (2001)

The prostaglandin H synthases (PGHS) catalyze the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandin H(2), the committed step in prostanoid synthesis. Two forms of PGHS exist, PGHS-1 (COX-1) and PGHS-2 (COX-2). The gene encoding the latter form is known to be inducible by a number of stimuli including several inflammatory mediators. Recent evidence indicates that the inducible cyclooxygenase may have both pro- and anti-inflammatory properties through the generation of different prostaglandins. Previous reports indicate that the transcription factor NF-kappaB can function upstream of COX-2 to control transcription of this gene and that the cyclopentenone prostaglandins can inhibit NF-kappaB activation via the inhibition of the IkappaB kinase. Thus, it is suggested that cyclopentenones feed back to inhibit continued nuclear accumulation of NF-kappaB. In this report we demonstrate COX-2 expression inhibits nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB, and we confirm that the cyclopentenone prostaglandins inhibit NF-kappaB. In addition, we show that prostaglandin E(2) and its analogs promote the inherent transcriptional activity of the p65/RelA subunit of NF-kappaB in a manner independent of induced nuclear accumulation. Consistent with this evidence, prostaglandin E(2) strongly synergizes with the inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha to promote NF-kappaB-dependent transcription and gene expression. The data provide a molecular rationale to explain both the pro- and anti-inflammatory nature of COX-2.
The tumor-suppressor activity of PTEN is regulated by its carboxyl-terminal region (1999)

PTEN is a recently identified tumor suppressor inactivated in a variety of cancers such as glioblastoma and endometrial and prostate carcinoma. It contains an amino-terminal phosphatase domain and acts as a phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate phosphatase antagonizing the activity of the phosphatidylinositol 3-OH kinase. PTEN also contains a carboxyl-terminal domain, and we addressed the role of this region that, analogous to the amino-terminal phosphatase domain, is the target of many mutations identified in tumors. Expression of carboxyl-terminal mutants in PTEN-deficient glioblastoma cells permitted the anchorage-independent growth of the cells that otherwise was suppressed by wild-type PTEN. The stability of these mutants in cells was reduced because of rapid degradation. Although the carboxyl-terminal region contains regulatory PEST sequences and a PDZ-binding motif, these specific elements were dispensable for the tumor-suppressor function. The study of carboxyl-terminal point mutations affecting the stability of PTEN revealed that these were located in strongly predicted beta-strands. Surprisingly, the phosphatase activity of these mutants was affected in correlation with the degree of disruption of these structural elements. We conclude that the carboxyl-terminal region is essential for regulating PTEN stability and enzymatic activity and that mutations in this region are responsible for the reversion of the tumor-suppressor phenotype. We also propose that the molecular conformational changes induced by these mutations constitute the mechanism for PTEN inactivation.
Mixed-Mode Simulation and Analysis of Digital Single Event Transients in Fast CMOSICs (2007)

Single event transient (SET) pulses produced from heavy ion irradiation in digital integrated circuits (ICs) are modeled and analyzed using a mixed-mode approach, that is, three-dimensional (3-D) semiconductor device simulation coupled with a circuit solver. In this paper, we analyze the factors affecting the generation and propagation of digital SET pulses in fast CMOS ICs. Our mixed-mode simulations of various ion strike locations allowed to obtain agreement with measured data and explain the earlier published wide distribution of SET pulse widths created by heavy ion radiation in digital CMOS ICs at a given linear energy transfer (LET) value, which was observed experimentally, but not fully understood. We also indicate that the transient charge-collection current pulse (width and shape) on the struck device node is not directly related to the SET voltage pulse that will propagate through a logic circuit, and therefore current pulses alone should not be treated as a measure of DSET.
Pediatric Palliative Care (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
The proteasome inhibitor bortezomib synergizes with gemcitabine to block the growth of human 253JB-V bladder tumors in vivo (2004)

Bortezomib (PS-341, Velcade) is a dipeptidyl boronic acid inhibitor of the 20S proteasome that was developed as a therapeutic agent for cancer. Here, we investigated the effects of bortezomib on the growth of human 253JB-V bladder cancer cells. Although the drug did not stimulate significant increases in levels of apoptosis, it inhibited cell growth in a concentration-dependent fashion and augmented the growth inhibitory effects of gemcitabine in vitro. These effects were associated with accumulation of p53 and p21 and suppression of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 activity. Bortezomib also inhibited secretion of the proangiogenic factors matrix metalloproteinase-9, interleukin-8 (IL-8), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). In vivo studies with 253JB-V tumors growing in nude mice demonstrated that bortezomib (1 mg/kg) did not inhibit tumor growth when it was delivered as a single agent, although it reduced tumor microvessel density and inhibited expression of VEGF and IL-8. However, combination therapy with bortezomib plus gemcitabine produced synergistic tumor growth inhibition associated with strong suppression of tumor cell proliferation. Together, our results demonstrate that bortezomib has significant antiproliferative activity in aggressive bladder cancer cells, which is best exploited within the context of combination chemotherapy.
Immunoresponse of Tissue Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Bladder Tumors (1989)

Local immunocompetence was evaluated immunohistochemically in patients with bladder tumors before and after local injections of an immunomodulator. The subpopulations of tissue infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) were examined by staining six serial sections with Leu4, Leu7, Leu10, LeuM3, OKT4, and OKT8 antibodies. T cells predominated over B cells in 19 of 25 bladder tumors. T cell infiltration was prominent around tumor cells, and it was marked in non-invasive tumors. B cells were rare in the stroma. In patients with low-stage tumors, OKT8 cells were more prominent than OKT4 cells. NK cells accumulated within cancer nests but their infiltration was scanty in invasive bladder tumors. Before surgery, immunomodulators (OK-432, IL-2) were injected intratumorally. Their administration resulted in marked increase of T and NK cells, irrespective of the stage of disease; there was a slight increase in B cells. These findings suggest that local immunosurveillance plays a role against bladder tumors. Further studies are required to elucidate host immune responses in the microenvironment of the cancer site, as well as the systemic immune reaction.
Control of the molecular weight of hyperbranched polyglycerols (2001)

Hyperbranched polyglycerols exceeding Mn > 15,000 g/mol (DPn > 270) have been prepared, using a modified version of the synthetic protocol reported earlier. In the optimized process polydispersities recorded by SEC remained narrow, with Mw/Mn < 1.7 over a large molecular weight range. The drastic increase of viscositity in the course of the reaction, was found to be responsible for the increased fraction of cycles (MALDI-TOF MS) at high molecular weights.
Potential for mass release of insect parasitoids and predators through development of artificial culture techniques (1994)

chap. 10
Alterations in the Biosynthesis of Lignin in Transgenic Plants with Chimeric Genes for 4-Coumarate: Coenzyme A Ligase (1996)

The introduction of chimeric sense and antisense gene constructs for 4-coumarate:coenzyme A ligase into tobacco plants caused the reduction of the 4CL activity in the transgenic plants. In the transgenic plants, the cell walls of the xylem tissue in stems were brown and the molecular structure of lignin in the colored cell walls was dramatically different from that in the control plants. Analysis with different types of stain revealed that levels of cinnamyl aldehyde residues and syringyl units in lignin were depressed in the brownish cell walls. Furthermore, the lignin content in colored tissue was lower than that in the normal tissue. Our results indicate that 4CL has important roles in the determination of the composition and the amount of lignin in tobacco plants.
Dosage Effect at the Sugary-2 Locus on Maize Starch Structure and Function. (1994)

Structural characteristics and functional properties of starches isolated from kernels of a sugary-2 (su2) dosage series were examined to determine whether the normal allele (Su2) was completely dominant to the recessive allele (su2). Differential scanning calorimetry revealed intermediate values for gelatinization onset, gelatinization peak, range, total enthalpy, and retrogradation among genotypes possessing one and two mutant su2 alleles. No effect of gene dosage on amylose content was observed, but X-ray diffraction patterns revealed an intermediate degree of crystallinity relative to normal and mutant genotypes upon addition of two su2 alleles. Development of a peak at 19 degrees 2(theta) became more evident upon increasing doses of the su2 allele. Viscosity of the starch paste and gel strength resulting from the genotype possessing two doses of the su2 allele exceeded that of both mutant and normal genotypes. An intermediate retrogradation as detected by differential scanning calorimetry and from gel strengths of starches after storage for seven days suggested an increased stability of the Su2su2su2 starch relative to that of normal starch.
Field Oxide Thinning in Poly Buffer LOCOS Isolation with Active Area Spacings to 0.1 μm (1990)

Field oxide thinning in a modified LOCOS process is examined. Using electron beam lithography, thinning in active area spacings as narrow as 0.1 μm has been observed for the first time. Also, the cause of thinning is shown to be compressive stress in the field oxide, not two‐dimensional oxidant diffusion as has been previously asserted. A phenomenological model for field oxide thinning is given. Finally, a new figure of merit is defined which assesses the combined effects of encroachment and field oxide thinning in isolation processes for submicron integrated circuits.
Potential immunotherapy for Alzheimer disease and age-related dementia (2019)

Emerging results support the concept that Alzheimer disease (AD) and age-related dementia are affected by the ability of the immune system to contain the brain's pathology. Accordingly, well-controlled boosting, rather than suppression of systemic immunity, has been suggested as a new approach to modify disease pathology without directly targeting any of the brain's disease hallmarks. Here, we provide a short review of the mechanisms orchestrating the cross-talk between the brain and the immune system. We then discuss how immune checkpoint blockade directed against the PD-1/PD-L1 pathways could be developed as an immunotherapeutic approach to combat this disease using a regimen that will address the needs to combat AD.
Dissociation of actin polymerization and enzyme inactivation in the hormonal regulation of type II iodothyronine 5'-deiodinase activity in astrocytes (1992)

T4 dynamically regulates the levels of type II iodothyronine 5'-deiodinase in the brain. Using an astrocyte cell culture model, we have shown that thyroxine increases inactivation of this enzyme through a mechanism using the actin cytoskeleton. In the absence of T4, the filamentous actin (F-actin) stress fibers are absent, and deiodinase inactivation is relatively slow. T4 increases inactivation of type II 5'-deiodinase by 1) restoring the F-actin stress fibers, 2) promoting the binding of the enzyme to F-actin, and 3) stimulating enzyme internalization. To determine whether inactivation of the deiodinase is due solely to the restoration of stress fibers by T4 or also involves direct thyroxine-mediated enzyme-F-actin interactions, we examined the effects of retinoids on both actin polymerization and type II 5'-deiodinase activity in cultured astrocytes, as these hormones have been shown to alter cytoskeletal organization in other tissues. In thyroid hormone-deficient astrocytes, retinoic acid increased F-actin levels, with no change in total cell actin. The F-actin content increased approximately 40% within 30 min after the addition of retinoic acid. After a plateau of 6-8 h, the F-actin content increased further to approximately 90% of the total cell actin and was associated with the reappearance of stress fibers. Only this latter retinoid-stimulated increase in F-actin content was blocked by actinomycin-D. Restoration of the F-actin stress fibers by retinoids did not increase the turnover of the type II 5'-deiodinase (t1/2, 1.99 h-1) or promote binding of the enzyme to F-actin in the absence of T4. Similarly, retinoids did not affect the rapid T4-mediated turnover (t1/2, 0.18 h-1) of type II 5'-deiodinase. These data show that an intact F-actin cytoskeleton in the absence of T4 is inadequate to alter the inactivation of type II 5'-deiodinase and that specific T4-enzyme-F-actin interactions are necessary to initiate the rapid inactivation/internalization of this enzyme.
Comparison of a novel test for placental alpha microglobulin-1 with fetal fibronectin and cervical length measurement for the prediction of imminent spontaneous preterm delivery in patients with threatened preterm labor (2015)

PAMG-1 detection by PartoSure is the single best predictor of imminent spontaneous delivery within 7 days compared to fFN and CL. In settings where CL is used as an initial screen, PartoSure has the greatest clinical utility in patients with CL between 15 and 35 mm. In situations where CL is not an initial screen, PartoSure is the most accurate test compared to fFN and CL.
Mineralization of Bacteria (1962)

A variety of viable and non-viable bacteria became mineralized with hydroxyapatite when implanted in dialysis bags in the peritoneal cavities of rats. The microscopic pattern of mineral deposition appeared analogous to that in the formation of oral calculus. Since nonviable organisms were mineralized at an accelerated rate, bacterial metabolic processes may not be essential for mineralization.
Single cell optical transfection (2010)

The plasma membrane of a eukaryotic cell is impermeable to most hydrophilic substances, yet the insertion of these materials into cells is an extremely important and universal requirement for the cell biologist. To address this need, many transfection techniques have been developed including viral, lipoplex, polyplex, capillary microinjection, gene gun and electroporation. The current discussion explores a procedure called optical injection, where a laser field transiently increases the membrane permeability to allow species to be internalized. If the internalized substance is a nucleic acid, such as DNA, RNA or small interfering RNA (siRNA), then the process is called optical transfection. This contactless, aseptic, single cell transfection method provides a key nanosurgical tool to the microscopist-the intracellular delivery of reagents and single nanoscopic objects. The experimental possibilities enabled by this technology are only beginning to be realized. A review of optical transfection is presented, along with a forecast of future applications of this rapidly developing and exciting technology.
Zeolite Thin Films with Tunable Molecular Sieve Function (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTZeolite Thin Films with Tunable Molecular Sieve FunctionYongan Yan and Thomas BeinCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 40, 9990–9994Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00145a008https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00145a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views653Altmetric-Citations89LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Complete amino acid sequence of a basic 21-kDa protein from bovine brain cytosol (1987)

The complete amino acid sequence (186 amino acid residues) of a basic cytosolic protein from bovine brain has been determined. It was previously described as a phosphatidylethanolamine binding protein. Computer analyses have been used to calculate its hydropathy profile and to predict its secondary structure. Comparison with other proteins did not detect any significant sequence similarity, except for a short region which presents 53% sequence homology with bovine phosphatidylcholine transfer protein.
Interaction of Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 4G with the Nuclear Cap-Binding Complex Provides a Link between Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Functions of the m7Guanosine Cap (2001)

In eukaryotes the majority of mRNAs have an m(7)G cap that is added cotranscriptionally and that plays an important role in many aspects of mRNA metabolism. The nuclear cap-binding complex (CBC; consisting of CBP20 and CBP80) mediates the stimulatory functions of the cap in pre-mRNA splicing, 3' end formation, and U snRNA export. As little is known about how nuclear CBC mediates the effects of the cap in higher eukaryotes, we have characterized proteins that interact with CBC in HeLa cell nuclear extracts as potential mediators of its function. Using cross-linking and coimmunoprecipitation, we show that eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4G (eIF4G), in addition to its function in the cytoplasm, is a nuclear CBC-interacting protein. We demonstrate that eIF4G interacts with CBC in vitro and that, in addition to its cytoplasmic localization, there is a significant nuclear pool of eIF4G in mammalian cells in vivo. Immunoprecipitation experiments suggest that, in contrast to the cytoplasmic pool, much of the nuclear eIF4G is not associated with eIF4E (translation cap binding protein of eIF4F) but is associated with CBC. While eIF4G stably associates with spliceosomes in vitro and shows close association with spliceosomal snRNPs and splicing factors in vivo, depletion studies show that it does not participate directly in the splicing reaction. Taken together the data indicate that nuclear eIF4G may be recruited to pre-mRNAs via its interaction with CBC and accompanies the mRNA to the cytoplasm, facilitating the switching of CBC for eIF4F. This may provide a mechanism to couple nuclear and cytoplasmic functions of the mRNA cap structure.
Digitizing the Middle Ages (2004)

The digitization of the Middle Ages has been going on for well over a decade. In the past ten years or so, numerous projects have been started with an eye to recording and preserving medieval artifacts – manuscripts and other material objects – in the potentially more readily accessible and more easily manipulable digital form. Students and teachers of the literature, history and culture of the Middle Ages stand to benefit from these projects in exciting ways. But how easy is it to find, say, high-quality images of medieval manuscripts, and what can one do with them? This article provides an initial taxonomy and overview of how to locate what is currently available and ongoing in the ‘field’ of medieval digitization, and focuses primarily on resources for teaching and study in the areas of literature and manuscript studies – although the resources listed here can obviously be consulted for the full range of sub-disciplines of Medieval Studies. It concludes with a suggestion for an inexpensive and very practical digitization technique that takes advantage of readily available manuscript materials – especially for those who find themselves thousands of miles from the nearest repository of medieval manuscripts.
The effect of isoflavones extracted from red clover (Rimostil) on lipid and bone metabolism (2001)

These results show that the administration of an isoflavone combination extracted from red clover was associated with a significant increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, a significant fall in apolipoprotein B, and a significant increase in the predominantly cortical bone of the proximal radius and ulna after 6 months of treatment. Interpretation of the results is undertaken cautiously because of the absence of a simultaneously studied control group.