gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Low‐dose intermittent factor replacement for post‐operative haemostasis in haemophilia (1998)

Recommendations for factor replacement therapy for postoperative haemostasis in haemophilia are often empirical and based on the physiological understanding of haemostatic requirements. This report describes the haemostatic management of patients with severe haemophilia undergoing major surgery using lower than usually recommended levels of factor replacement therapy. Eighteen adults (11 with FVIII and seven with FIX deficiency) with an average weight of 52 kg (range: 27-69) underwent 20 major surgical procedures. Factor concentrates were administered by intermittent bolus infusions. The dose of FVIII infused before surgery was 76 mu kg-1 (range: 51-113) and that of FIX was 77 mu kg-1 (range: 50-104). The preoperative levels achieved were 107% (range: 80-180) and 73% (range: 60-90), respectively. Between days 1 and 3 after surgery, an average of 29 mu kg-1 day-1 (range: 20-46) of FVIII and 23 mu kg-1 day-1 (range: 12-42) of FIX was used resulting in mean trough levels of 36% (range: 12-62) and 34% (range: 11-52), respectively. After day 4, an average of 19 mu kg-1 day-1 (range: 15-25) of FVIII and 18 mu kg-1 day-1 (range: 10-37) of FIX was administered until wound healing. The average duration of factor replacement was 11 days (range: 8-16). The mean dose of factor concentrate per patient was 260 mu kg-1 (range: 179-338) of FVIII and 300 mu kg-1 (range: 183-524) of FIX. The total amount of factor used per patient ranged from 12,380 to 19,980 units of FVIII and 8000 to 23,600 units of FIX. Only one patient had post-operative bleeding which was due to a surgical cause. It is concluded that it may be possible to use much lower than recommended levels of factor replacement therapy for postoperative haemostasis in severe haemophilia.
Mutation at tyrosine residue 1337 abrogates ligand-dependent transforming capacity of the FLT4 receptor. (1995)

In humans, the FLT4 gene encodes two isoforms of a tyrosine kinase receptor, which differ in their carboxy terminal regions. As compared to the short form, the long form has an additional stretch of 65 amino acids containing three tyrosine residues (Y1333, Y1337 and Y1363). Once expressed in fibroblast cells, only the long form is able to elicit both anchorage-independent growth in a soft agar assay and tumors in nude mice, and thus appears endowed with a potential ligand-dependent transforming capacity. Replacement of tyrosine 1337 by phenylalanine abrogates the transforming capacity of the long form. This residue was identified as a potential autophosphorylation site, and a docking site for a substrate important in the signal transduction specific of the long FLT4 isoform. We demonstrate that the GRB2 and SHC cytoplasmic substrates are involved in FLT4 signal transduction. SHC interaction could be crucial to FLT4-mediated transforming activity associated with the long isoform. Finally, trancripts for the two forms are detected in tissues positive for FLT4 gene expression.
Molecular and functional interactions among monocytes, platelets, and endothelial cells and their relevance for cardiovascular diseases (2008)

Platelets, monocytes, and endothelial cells are instrumental in the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases. Inflammation, a key process underlying cardiovascular disorders, is accompanied and amplified by activation of platelets and consequent binding of such platelets to the endothelium. There, platelet-derived chemokines, in conjunction with increased expression of adhesion molecules, promote the recruitment of circulating monocytes that will eventually migrate across the endothelial lining of the vessel into the tissues. Additionally, platelets may already become activated in the circulation and may form platelet-monocyte complexes, which show increased adhesive and migratory capacities themselves but also facilitate recruitment of noncomplexed leukocytes. They should therefore be considered as important mediators of inflammation. In molecular terms, these events are additionally governed by chemokines released and presented by the endothelium as well as the different classes of endothelial adhesion molecules that regulate the interactions among the various cell types. Most important in this respect are the selectins and their ligands, such as P-selectin glycoprotein (GP) ligand 1, and the integrins binding to Ig-like cell adhesion molecules as well as to GP, such as von Willebrand factor, present in the extracellular matrix or on activated endothelium. This review aims to provide an overview of these complex interactions and of their functional implications for inflammation and development of cardiovascular disease.
RNASeqGUI: a GUI for analysing RNA-Seq data (2014)

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Investigating Radio Frequency Plasmas Used for the Modification of Polymer Surfaces (1999)

By use of Langmuir probes and energy-resolved mass spectrometry, the properties of a cold plasma suitable for the surface treatment of polymers are investigated. The 13.56 MHz radio frequency (rf) excitation is provided by an external coil, and we demonstrate that a plasma of Ar gas is capacitively coupled to the source coil. The spatial distributions of plasma and floating (self-bias) potentials, electron temperature Te, and plasma density ne have been investigated for a range of input powers (1−50 W) and gas pressures (10-3−10-1 Torr) using compensated Langmuir probes. Estimates of the rf potential amplitudes are also given. The energy distribution of plasma ions at plasma boundaries has also been measured, and the effect of the perturbation to the plasma parameters due to the presence of the polymer sample and the spectrometer has been quantified. A feature of these plasmas is the presence of large rf potentials (up to about 25Te) and high self-bias potentials (up to 80 V). We show that the presence of a mass spectrometer changes the plasma potential and alters the level of rf fluctuation in the plasma and thereby affects the ion energy distribution function at the sample surface. Estimates of ion and photon energy fluxes are made, and the relative importance of these two fluxes in terms of polymer modification at a pressure of 10-2 Torr is discussed.
Li-Ion Battery Performance with FSI-Based Ionic Liquid Electrolyte and Fluorinated Solvent-Based Electrolyte (2011)

We evaluated the electrochemical behavior of a LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 (NMC) electrode in a neat ionic liquid, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (EMImFSI), electrolyte. According to charge/discharge measurements, the discharge capacity of the NMC cathode in EMImFSI at 1 C in a voltage range of 3.0-4.5 (vs. Li/Li+) shows 165 mAh g-1, which is higher than that in a conventional electrolyte, EC+DMC. The rate capability of a cell with EMImFSI exceeds that with EC+DMC, especially at high rates, probably due to a low resistance at the electrode/electrolyte interface. These results suggest that EMImFSI is a suitable electrolyte for Li-ion batteries utilizing a NMC cathode. Also, we applied fluorine-containing solvents (FCSs) to an electrolyte for Li-ion batteries with a cobalt oxide (LiCoO2) cathode to enhance the upper voltage limit and investigated its electrochemical properties in a proposed FCS-based electrolyte. A test cell containing a FCS-based electrolyte exhibits high and stable discharge capacity for 30 cycles even with a high upper cutoff voltage of 4.5 V when compared with a cell containing a conventional electrolyte.
Sweat‐Patch Test for Alcohol Consumption: Rapid Assay with an Electrochemical Detector (1982)

The sweat‐patch test monitors the amount of alcohol consumed over a number of days. A new method is described for rapid assay of ethanol in the sweat‐patch, using a hand‐held electrochemical detector (Alco‐Sen‐sor III). The head‐space assay technique is sensitive and highly linear, and may be used in an office setting with no additional laboratory equipment. Using this method, it is possible to obtain clinically useful information at the time of an office visit concerning the patient's alcohol consumption during the preceding week.
Studies of Peptide Antibiotics. XXVI. Syntheses of Cyclodipeptides containing N<SUP>δ</SUP>-p-Aminobenzenesulfonyl Ornithine Residue (1972)

A cyclo-Nδ-p-aminobenzenesulfonyl-L-ornithyl-L-leucyl (LL-X) was prepared through the cyclization reaction of Nδ-p-aminobenzenesulfonyl-L-ornithyl-L-leucine ethyl ester with methanolic ammonia. Other three diastereomeric cyclodipeptides (DD-X, LD-X, and DL-X) and cyclo-Nδ-p-aminobenzenesulfonyl-ornithyl-glycyls (L and D form) were synthesized in the same manner. All p-aminobenzenesulfonyl cyclodipeptides showed no antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis even at the concentration of 1000 μg/ml.
Method for Determining the Affinity of Monoclonal Antibody Using Non-Competitive Elisa: A Computer Program (1994)

A simple and reliable method based upon law of mass action for calculating affinity of a monoclonal antibody using non-competitive ELISA, is described. In this method, the binding of an antibody (Ab) with an antigen (Ag) is measured by ELISA using serial dilutions of both antigen (coated on the plate) as well as antibody. When the OD measured after the antigen antibody interaction was plotted against the concentration of Ab, added to the wells, a hyperbolic curve was obtained. The OD, at any point of the curve, was considered as a direct reflection of the amount of antibody bound to the antigen. The OD-100 denotes the occupancy of maximum no. of epitopes available on the antigen molecules, accessible to the antigen. The concentration of antibody (Ab, Ab') at corresponding levels of antigen concentration (Ag, Ag'), presents the value obtained at OD-50. The [Ag] and [Ag'] are not the true antigen concentrations but are the measurement of antigen density on the plate. The affinity constant K(aff) was calculated by using the formula K(aff) = (n - 1)/2(n[Ab'] - [Ab]), derived from law of mass action, where n = [Ag]/[Ag']. A computer program to calculate the affinity of antibody to the antigen using method described in this manuscript has been developed and discussed.
Origin of the West Nile Virus Responsible for an Outbreak of Encephalitis in the Northeastern United States (1999)

In late summer 1999, an outbreak of human encephalitis occurred in the northeastern United States that was concurrent with extensive mortality in crows (Corvus species) as well as the deaths of several exotic birds at a zoological park in the same area. Complete genome sequencing of a flavivirus isolated from the brain of a dead Chilean flamingo (Phoenicopterus chilensis), together with partial sequence analysis of envelope glycoprotein (E-glycoprotein) genes amplified from several other species including mosquitoes and two fatal human cases, revealed that West Nile (WN) virus circulated in natural transmission cycles and was responsible for the human disease. Antigenic mapping with E-glycoprotein-specific monoclonal antibodies and E-glycoprotein phylogenetic analysis confirmed these viruses as WN. This North American WN virus was most closely related to a WN virus isolated from a dead goose in Israel in 1998.
Characterization of DNA Demethylation Effects Induced by 5-Aza-2′-Deoxycytidine in Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndrome (2005)

Azanucleoside drugs such as 5-azacytidine (Vidaza) and 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (decitabine, Dacogen) function as DNA methyltransferase inhibitors in vitro and represent promising new drugs for the treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia. In this study, we aimed to determine the effect of decitabine on the genomic methylation level in MDS patients. Comparison of different assays established micellar electrokinetic chromatography as a reliable method for the analysis of genomic methylation levels. When used for the determination of DNA methylation levels in bone marrow DNA from MDS patients during various time points of decitabine treatment, the results revealed a significant (up to 70%) demethylation in five of seven patients. Interestingly, genome-wide demethylation appeared after karyotype normalization, which suggests demethylation of nonclonal cells. Drug-induced demethylation dynamics were also confirmed by bisulfite sequencing of pericentromeric satellite elements. Our results are the first to show a genome-wide demethylating activity of decitabine in tumor material. In addition, our data uncovers novel targets of decitabine-mediated demethylation that are important for the refinement of treatment schedules with demethylating drugs.
Evolution of the clinical review station for enterprise-wide multimedia radiology reporting (2000)

Efforts to develop Picture Archiving and Communications Systems (PACS) for the last ten years have concentrated mainly on developing systems for primary interpretation of digital radiological images. Much less attention has been paid to the clinical aspects of the radiology process. Clinical radiology services are an important component of the overall care delivery process, providing information and consultation services to referring physicians, the customers of radiology, in a timely fashion to aid in care decisions. Information management systems (IMS) are playing an increasingly central role in the care delivery process. No suitable commercial PACS or IMS products were available that could effectively provide for the requirements of the clinicians. We endeavored to fill this void at our institution by developing a system to deliver images and text reports electronically on-demand to the referring physicians. This system has evolved substantially since initial deployment eight years ago. As new technologies become available they are evaluated and integrated as appropriate to improve system performance and manageability. Not surprisingly, the internet and World Wide Web (WWW) technology has had the greatest impact on system design in recent years. Additional features have been added over time to provide services for teleradiology, teaching, and research needs. We also discovered that these value-added services give us a competitive edge in attracting new business to our department. Commercial web-based products are now becoming available which do a satisfactory job of providing many of these clinical services. These products are evaluated for integration into our system as they mature. The result is a system that impacts positively on patient care.
Two Light-Induced Processes in the Photoreceptor Cells of Limulus Ventral Eye (1971)

The dark-adapted current-voltage (I-V) curve of a ventral photoreceptor cell of Limulus, measured by a voltage-clamp technique, has a high slope-resistance region more negative than resting voltage, a lower slope-resistance region between resting voltage and zero, and a negative slope-resistance region more positive than 0 v. With illumination, we find no unique voltage at which there is no light-induced current. At the termination of illumination, the I-V curve changes quickly, then recovers very slowly to a dark-adapted configuration. The voltage-clamp currents during and after illumination can be interpreted to arise from two separate processes. One process (fast) changes quickly with change in illumination, has a reversal potential at +20 mv, and has an I-V curve with positive slope resistance at all voltages. These properties are consistent with a light-induced change in membrane conductance to sodium ions. The other process (slow) changes slowly with changes in illumination, generates light-activated current at +20 mv, and has an I-V curve with a large region of negative slope resistance. The mechanism of this process cannot as yet be identified.
Evaluation of nutritional status and pathophysiology of growth retardation in patients with phenylketonuria (2003)

Recent European studies have shown that growth retardation is com-mon in people with phenylketonuria (PKU) during the first years of life while they receive a low-phenylalanine (Phe) diet. The aims of the present study were to assess the growth of our PKU patients and to search for nutritional and hormonal explanations for the growth delay. Twenty PKU patients aged 8 months to 7 years entered the study. The design was cross-sectional, a longitudinal study having already been performed in our centre. The following data were recorded: weight/height (W/H), height/age (H/A), and weight/age (W/A) Z-scores; fat-free mass (measured from bioelectrical impedometry (FFM1), and skinfold thickness (FFMA). Thyroid hormones, insulin-like growth factor I (IGF1), insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP3), selenium, zinc, and Phe blood levels were measured. Dietary intake was also recorded over 4 days. PKU patients were moderately but significantly shorter (H/A Z-score varied from -2.12 to 1.61; mean -0.49) and lighter (W/A Z-score varied from -2.58 to 1.49; mean -0.71) than the French reference population. Body composition was not different from that of controls matched for age and sex. IGF1, IGFBP3, and thyroid hormone levels were within normal range. All children received more than two-thirds of the recommended daily allowances for energy (91% +/- 18%) and for proteins (146% +/- 26%). The mean daily intake of our patients was sufficient in selenium, but markedly deficient in zinc (2.4 +/- 2.2 mg/day). No correlation was found between zinc daily intake or zinc plasma levels and growth retardation. Moreover, no relation was found between the plasma Phe concentrations, protein or caloric intake and the presence of growth retardation. Our results show that growth retardation in PKU patients is not related to hormonal or caloric deficiencies. Further studies are needed to investigate the effect of various nutrient supplementation regimens (especially zinc) on the growth of PKU patients.
Biosynthesis of N-Acetylneuraminic Acid in Cells Lacking UDP-N-Acetylglucosamine 2-Epimerase/ N-Acetylmannosamine Kinase (2001)

The first two steps in mammalian biosynthesis of N-acetylneuraminic acid, an important carbohydrate moiety in biological recognition systems, are performed by the bifunctional enzyme UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase. A subclone of the human B lymphoma cell line BJA-B K20, lacking UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase mRNA as well as epimerase activity, displayed hyposialylated, functionally impaired cell surface glycoconjugates. Here we show that this cell line surprisingly still retains N-acetylmannosamine kinase activity. A gel filtration analysis of BJA-B K88 control cells, which express UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase, revealed two N-acetylmannosamine kinase activity peaks, one co-eluting with UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase activity and one co-eluting with N-acetylglucosamine kinase. For this enzyme previous studies already showed a ManNAc kinase activity in vitro. In contrast, the hyposialylated BJA-B K20 subclone displayed only the N-acetylmannosamine kinase peak, co-migrating with N-acetylglucosamine kinase. The CMP-N-acetylneuraminic acid content of both K88 and K20 cells and the sialylation of cell surface glycoconjugates of K20 cells could be significantly increased by supplementing the medium with N-acetylmannosamine. This N-acetylmannosamine-induced increase was drastically reduced by co-supplementation with N-acetylglucosamine only in K20 cells. We therefore propose the phosphorylation of N-acetylmannosamine as a hitherto unrecognized role of N-acetylglucosamine kinase in living cells.
Styryl‐Based Compounds as Potential in vivo Imaging Agents for β‐Amyloid Plaques (2007)

A group of styryl-based neutral compounds has been synthesized in this study for potential use as in vivo imaging agents for beta-amyloid plaques. Of 56 candidates, 14 compounds were found to label beta-amyloid plaques well on Alzheimer's disease (AD) human brain sections in vitro. The binding affinity to beta-amyloid fibrils was then determined by measuring the change in fluorescence intensity. Interestingly, we found that a class of quinaldine-styryl scaffold compounds displays specific binding to beta-amyloid fibrils. A representative compound, STB-8, was used in ex vivo and in vivo imaging experiments on an AD transgenic mouse model and demonstrated excellent blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and specific staining of the AD beta-amyloid plaques.
HCMV Spread and Cell Tropism are Determined by Distinct Virus Populations (2011)

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) can infect many different cell types in vivo. Two gH/gL complexes are used for entry into cells. gH/gL/pUL(128,130,131A) shows no selectivity for its host cell, whereas formation of a gH/gL/gO complex only restricts the tropism mainly to fibroblasts. Here, we describe that depending on the cell type in which virus replication takes place, virus carrying the gH/gL/pUL(128,130,131A) complex is either released or retained cell-associated. We observed that virus spread in fibroblast cultures was predominantly supernatant-driven, whereas spread in endothelial cell (EC) cultures was predominantly focal. This was due to properties of virus released from fibroblasts and EC. Fibroblasts released virus which could infect both fibroblasts and EC. In contrast, EC released virus which readily infected fibroblasts, but was barely able to infect EC. The EC infection capacities of virus released from fibroblasts or EC correlated with respectively high or low amounts of gH/gL/pUL(128,130,131A) in virus particles. Moreover, we found that focal spread in EC cultures could be attributed to EC-tropic virus tightly associated with EC and not released into the supernatant. Preincubation of fibroblast-derived virus progeny with EC or beads coated with pUL131A-specific antibodies depleted the fraction that could infect EC, and left a fraction that could predominantly infect fibroblasts. These data strongly suggest that HCMV progeny is composed of distinct virus populations. EC specifically retain the EC-tropic population, whereas fibroblasts release EC-tropic and non EC-tropic virus. Our findings offer completely new views on how HCMV spread may be controlled by its host cells.
Screening of Antibacterial Activities of Twenty-One Oxygenated Monoterpenes (2007)

Plant essential oils are widely used as fragrances and flavours in the cosmetic, perfume, drug and food industries. Oxygenated monoterpenes are widespread components of the essential oils, usually occurring in high amount. In this paper, the antibacterial activities of twenty-one oxygenated monoterpenes (borneol, borneol acetate, camphor, carvone, 1,8-cineole, citronellal, beta-citronellol, dihydrocarvone, fenchol, fenchone, geraniol acetate, isomenthol, limonene oxide, linalool, linalool acetate, nerol, nerol acetate, terpinen-4-ol, alpha-terpineol, menthol and menthone) and penicillin (standard antibiotic) were determined using a disc diffusion method (in vitro) against 63 bacterial strains, belonging to 37 different genera and 54 species (plant, food and clinic origins). The results showed that the oxygenated monoterpenes exhibited a variable degree of antibacterial activities. These compounds also inhibited the growth of bacterial strains by producing a weak zone of inhibition from 7 to 11 mm in diameter, depending on the susceptibility of the tested bacteria. Among the tested compounds, nerol, linalool alpha-terpineol, fenchol and terpinen-4-ol showed antibacterial activity at a broad spectrum. However, their antibacterial activities were lower than those of penicillin. In contrast to these compounds, camphor and 1,8-cineole exhibited no inhibition effects on the growth of all tested bacteria.