gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hepatitis B Virus X Protein Is both a Substrate and a Potential Inhibitor of the Proteasome Complex (1999)

The hepatitis B virus X protein (HBX) is essential for the establishment of HBV infection in vivo and exerts a pleiotropic effect on diverse cellular functions. The yeast two-hybrid system had indicated that HBX could interact with two subunits of the 26S proteasome. Here we demonstrate an association in vivo of HBX with the 26S proteasome complex by coimmunoprecipitation and colocalization upon sucrose gradient centrifugation. Expression of HBX in HepG2 cells caused a modest decrease in the proteasome's chymotrypsin- and trypsin-like activities and in hydrolysis of ubiquitinated lysozyme, suggesting that HBX functions as an inhibitor of proteasome. In these cells, HBX is degraded with a half-life of 30 min. Proteasome inhibitors retarded this rapid degradation and caused a marked increase in the level of HBX and an accumulation of HBX in polyubiquitinated form. Thus, the low intracellular level of HBX is due to rapid proteolysis by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Surprisingly, the proteasome inhibitors blocked the transactivation by HBX, and this effect was not a result of a squelching phenomenon due to HBX accumulation. Therefore, proteasome function is possibly required for the transactivation function of HBX. The inhibition of protein breakdown by proteasomes may account for the multiple actions of HBX and may be an important feature of HBV infection, possibly in helping stabilize viral gene products and suppressing antigen presentation.
Continuous Measurement of Gut pH with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy during Hemorrhagic Shock (1999)

NIRS determination of small-bowel pH may be a good tool to monitor the adequacy of resuscitation.
Adenovirus-Mediated Overexpression of c-Jun and c-Fos Induces Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 and Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 in Human Endothelial Cells (1999)

As distal targets and mediators of signal transduction pathways, activator protein-1 (AP-1), c-Jun, and c-Fos are among the primary regulators of genes involved in cell function, proliferation, and differentiation. By using adenovirus-mediated gene transfer, we show that overexpression of AP-1 proteins directly causes coinduction of gene expression of an adhesion molecule, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and a chemokine, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), in human vascular endothelial cells (ECs). The AP-1-induced gene expression occurs through a mechanism independent of nuclear factor-kappaB. Because the induced expression of ICAM-1 and MCP-1 in ECs has been implicated in endothelial activation and a number of important vascular disorders, it is suggested that AP-1 activation may play an important role in the pathogeneses of inflammation, angiogenesis, and atherogenesis.
Mass Spectrometry after Capture and Small-Volume Elution of Analyte from a Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensor (2002)

The identification of binding partners of proteins by mass spectrometry following specific capture on a biosensor surface is a promising tool for proteomics research and the identification and characterization of protein-protein interactions. Previous approaches include the direct ionization of analyte from the biosensor chip on a matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer (MALDI-TOFMS) apparatus and the on-chip digestion followed by elution, chromatographic concentration of the fragments, and electrospray mass spectrometry. In the present paper, using the small-volume microfluidic sample manipulation technique with oscillatory flow reported recently (Abrantes et al. Anal. Chem. 2001, 73, 2828-2835), analyte is shown to be eluted from the sensor surface into a small volume of buffer that promotes dissociation from the capture surface and delivery to the mass spectrometer. Both the incubation of the sensor surface with the sample and the recovery of analyte can be achieved with a few microliters and conducted until steady-state is attained. Because the procedure is non-destructive for the sensor surface, multiple cycles of capture and elution allow the transfer and concentration of analyte into the elution buffer. The eluted analyte can be studied directly by MALDI-TOFMS, or subjected to proteolytic digestion for protein identification. Transfer into the elution buffer and MALDI-TOFMS detection was achieved from 5 microL of starting samples containing <50 fmol of analyte. Examples are presented for the specific detection and recovery of a protein from a complex mixture of cytosolic proteins.
Fast acquisition frequency synthesizer with the multiple phase detectors (2002)

The authors propose a frequency synthesizer which is implemented by deploying a multiple phase detector scheme, and by adding a bias voltage corresponding to desired frequency to the input of a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) and resetting each divider. One can obtain a fast acquisition time within one cycle of the reference frequency. The acquisition time which is generated by the variation of bias voltage in the VCO due to temperature characteristics can also be minimized by using the proposed multiple phase detectors. The authors have compared the acquisition time of the new frequency synthesizer with a conventional frequency synthesizer and a significant improvement was obtained. The performance was verified by experiments.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Photoprotection in Cyanobacteria: Regulation of Light Harvesting† (2008)

To cope with a rapidly fluctuating light environment, vascular plants and algae have evolved a photoprotective mechanism that serves to downregulate the transfer of excitation energy in the light-harvesting complexes to the photosynthetic reaction centers. This process dissipates excess excitation energy in the chlorophyll pigment bed by a nonradiative pathway. Since this pathway competes with and therefore quenches chlorophyll fluoresence in a nonphotochemical manner, it has been termed Non-photochemical Quenching (NPQ). For many years, cyanobacteria were not considered capable of performing NPQ as a photoprotective mechanism. Instead, the redistribution of the phycobilisome (PBS) light-harvesting antenna between reaction centers by a process called state transitions was considered the major means of regulating the utilization of harvested light energy. Recently, it was demonstrated that cyanobacteria are able to use NPQ as one component of their photoprotective strategies. Cyanobacteria exhibit significant NPQ during nutrient-replete growth, but it becomes a more prominent means of managing absorbed excitation energy when the cells experience iron starvation. Rapid progress in understanding the molecular mechanism of cyanobacterial NPQ has revealed a process that is very distinct from the functionally analogous process in plants and algae. Cyanobacterial NPQ involves the absorption of blue light by a carotenoid binding protein, termed the Orange Carotenoid Protein, and most likely involves quenching in the PBS core. In this study, we summarize work leading to the discovery of NPQ in cyanobacteria and the elucidation of molecular mechanisms associated with this important photoprotective process.
Improving monocular plane-based SLAM with inertial measures (2010)

This article presents a solution to the problem of fusing measurements acquired from a monocular camera with inertial data to achieve simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) tasks. This paper describes the models used to correctly integrate inertial and vision data in an EKF-SLAM based application, and ways to perform the fusion on low cost hardware. Both synthetic and real sequences show that our method work and greatly enhance classical SLAM estimation.
Biosynthesis of prodigiosin. Incorporation patterns of carbon-13-labeled alanine, proline, glycine, and serine elucidated by Fourier transform nuclear magnetic resonance (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBiosynthesis of prodigiosin. Incorporation patterns of carbon-13-labeled alanine, proline, glycine, and serine elucidated by Fourier transform nuclear magnetic resonanceH. H. Wasserman, R. J. Sykes, P. Peverada, C. K. Shaw, R. J. Cushley, and S. R. LipskyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1973, 95, 20, 6874–6875Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00801a080https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00801a080research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views218Altmetric-Citations55LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Analysis of Efficient High-Power Fiber Lasers for Well Perforation (2004)

Abstract According to many in the laser industry, fiber lasers are now a serious alternative to solid-state and carbon dioxide lasers for industrial material-processing applications. Over the past two years, commercially available fiber lasers have increased in power from several watts to kilowatts. They are now capable of efficiently delivering requisite power via fiber optics to targets downhole, and have rapidly evolved into the leading candidate for on-site applications in well construction and completion. When compared to conventional industrial lasers, fiber lasers offer an order of magnitude greater wall plug efficiency, better beam quality, increased mobility due to their considerably smaller footprint, and essentially maintenance-free operations over their lifetime. Their use as an alternative method to conventional explosive charges could reduce or eliminate perforation damage and significantly boost production rates, cumulative production and overall economic returns. Since 1997, GTI and its research partners have investigated the application of high-power laser energy for well construction and completion. Early qualitative investigations were performed utilizing weapons-grade military "Star Wars" lasers to demonstrate well construction feasibility. A more quantitative approach followed applying early 1990's laser technology to determine the energy required to break various rock lithologies. Beginning in 2003, GTI advanced its downhole perforation application research using the most recent evolution of high-power lasers: a 5.34 kW Ytterbium-doped multiclad fiber laser. This paper will provide a description of the fiber laser system, experimental procedures and data analysis used for perforation applications on rock samples. Experiments focus on improvements to rock properties and rock removal efficiency targeting a one foot cube of Berea sandstone. Results from this test will also determine that megawatt-class "Star Wars" military lasers are not required to achieve improvements in near- tunnel permeability. High-power fiber lasers represent a recent technological breakthrough upon which a rugged, deployable system for non-explosive wellbore perforations can be based.
Bone Morphogenetic Proteins Induce Gremlin, a Protein That Limits Their Activity in Osteoblasts1 (2000)

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) induce the differentiation of cells of the osteoblastic lineage and enhance the function of the osteoblast. Growth factor activity is regulated by binding proteins, and we previously showed that BMPs induce noggin, a glycoprotein that binds and blocks BMP action. Recently, additional BMP antagonists, such as gremlin, have been described, but there is no information about their expression or function in osteoblasts. We tested for the expression of gremlin and studied its induction by BMPs in cultures of osteoblast-enriched cells from 22-day-old fetal rat calvariae (Ob cells). BMP-2 caused a time- and dose-dependent increase in gremlin messenger RNA and polypeptide levels, as determined by Northern and Western blot analyses. The effects of BMP-2 on gremlin transcripts were independent of new protein synthesis. BMP-2 increased the rate of gremlin transcription as determined by nuclear run-on assays. Fibroblast growth factor-2 and platelet-derived growth factor BB also induced gremlin, but other hormones and growth factors had no effect. Gremlin prevented the stimulatory effects of BMP-2 on DNA, collagen, noncollagen protein synthesis, and alkaline phosphatase activity in Ob cells. In conclusion, BMPs induce gremlin transcription in Ob cells, a mechanism that probably limits BMP action in osteoblasts.
Digitally switchable multi-focal lens using freeform optics (2018)

Optical technologies offering electrically tunable optical power have found a broad range of applications, from head-mounted displays for virtual and augmented reality applications to microscopy. In this paper, we present a novel design and prototype of a digitally switchable multi-focal lens (MFL) that offers the capability of rapidly switching the optical power of the system among multiple foci. It consists of a freeform singlet and a customized programmable optical shutter array (POSA). Time-multiplexed multiple foci can be obtained by electrically controlling the POSA to switch the light path through different segments of the freeform singlet rapidly. While this method can be applied to a broad range of imaging and display systems, we experimentally demonstrate a proof-of-concept prototype for a multi-foci imaging system.
T-cell recognition of the 18-kilodalton antigen of Mycobacterium leprae (1989)

The 18-kilodalton (kDa) antigen of Mycobacterium leprae was expressed as a fusion protein with a 2-kDa leader peptide and used in proliferation assays with peripheral blood cells. Fifty percent of untreated tuberculoid leprosy patients and 93% of long-term leprosy contacts responded to the recombinant protein in lymphocyte transformation tests. Comparison of the stimulation indices in the two groups showed that the contacts responded more strongly than the tuberculoid leprosy patients. Seventy percent of Mycobacterium bovis BCG-vaccinated European donors responded, although with low stimulation indices. The isolation of 18-kDa antigen-responsive T-cell lines from a BCG-vaccinated British donor confirmed that the 18-kDa antigen contains at least one cross-reactive epitope. These results indicate that the 18-kDa protein is an important antigen in the immune response to leprosy.
A User-Centric Approach for Social Data Integration and Recommendation (2010)

It is difficult for online users to keep track of their social friendships and friends' social activities scattered across different social networking sites. We propose a user-centric approach for integrating social data from different social networking sites and allowing users to create personalized social and semantic contexts for their social data. Users can blend and group friends on different social networking sites. They can also rate friends and their activities as favourite, neutral or disliked. Our approach then provides personalized recommendations of friends' activities that may be interesting to each user. A prototype of a dashboard application called SocConnect (Social Connect) is also implemented to demonstrate the feasibility of our approach, along with evaluation on real users that confirms the appropriateness and effectiveness of our approach.
Alterations in bovine neutrophil function during the periparturient period (1989)

Neutrophils from 8 Holstein heifers were evaluated for function during the periparturient period. Random migration, ingestion of bacteria, superoxide anion production, native (nonenhanced) chemiluminescence, iodination, and antibody-dependent, cell-mediated cytotoxicity by neutrophils were determined. Foremilk samples were evaluated for bacteria. Significant (P less than 0.05) increases in random migration of neutrophils, iodination, and chemiluminescence were evident 2 weeks before parturition and then decreased dramatically by the first week after parturition. These impairments of neutrophil function after parturition may be manifested as a severe cumulative deficit in the native defenses afforded by the neutrophil.
Cellular differentiation determines the expression of the hypoxia-inducible protein NDRG1 in pancreatic cancer (2006)

N-myc downstream-regulated gene-1 (NDRG1) is a recently described hypoxia-inducible protein that is upregulated in various human cancers. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, called pancreatic cancer, is a highly aggressive cancer that is characterised by its avascular structure, which results in a severe hypoxic environment. In this study, we investigated whether NDRG1 is upregulated in these tumours, thus providing a novel marker for malignant cells in the pancreas. By immunohistochemistry, we observed that NDRG1 was highly expressed in well-differentiated cells of pancreatic cancer, whereas the poorly differentiated tumour cells were negative. In addition, hyperplastic islets and ducts of nonquiescent pancreatic tissue were positive. To further explore its selective expression in tumours, two well-established pancreatic cancer cell lines of unequal differentiation status were exposed to 2% oxygen. NDRG1 mRNA and protein were upregulated by hypoxia in the moderately differentiated Capan-1 cells; however, its levels remained unchanged in the poorly differentiated Panc-1 cell line. Taken together, our data suggest that NDRG1 will not serve as a reliable marker of tumour cells in the pancreas, but may serve as a marker of differentiation. Furthermore, we present the novel finding that cellular differentiation may be an important factor that determines the hypoxia-induced regulation of NDRG1.
Thermal cycling layer by layer dip coating method for oxazine formation on clad modified optical fiber core (2014)

The paper shows plastic optical fiber of 960/1000 μm Core/Cladding as an optical waveguide by removing a portion of the cladding section of the fiber via chemical etching and then applying dip coating method to fabricate 0.0005 M Oxazine 170 per Chlorate on the bare core. It is then followed by a Poly Di-Methyl Siloxane (PDMS) layer to design an opto-chemical sensor, to be used in detection of pH-based contaminants in air and water. The thickness of PDMS layer varies between 130-145 μm and that of Oxazine layer varies between 20 - 25 μm. This paper also shows a novel moisture trapping technique, necessary to trap moisture within PDMS and Oxazine which results in proper detection of contaminants.
Physiological Role of β-Phosphoglucomutase in Lactococcus lactis (2001)

A beta-phosphoglucomutase (beta-PGM) mutant of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis ATCC 19435 was constructed using a minimal integration vector and double-crossover recombination. The mutant and the wild-type strain were grown under controlled conditions with different sugars to elucidate the role of beta-PGM in carbohydrate catabolism and anabolism. The mutation did not significantly affect growth, product formation, or cell composition when glucose or lactose was used as the carbon source. With maltose or trehalose as the carbon source the wild-type strain had a maximum specific growth rate of 0.5 h(-1), while the deletion of beta-PGM resulted in a maximum specific growth rate of 0.05 h(-1) on maltose and no growth at all on trehalose. Growth of the mutant strain on maltose resulted in smaller amounts of lactate but more formate, acetate, and ethanol, and approximately 1/10 of the maltose was found as beta-glucose 1-phosphate in the medium. Furthermore, the beta-PGM mutant cells grown on maltose were considerably larger and accumulated polysaccharides which consisted of alpha-1,4-bound glucose units. When the cells were grown at a low dilution rate in a glucose and maltose mixture, the wild-type strain exhibited a higher carbohydrate content than when grown at higher growth rates, but still this content was lower than that in the beta-PGM mutant. In addition, significant differences in the initial metabolism of maltose and trehalose were found, and cell extracts did not digest free trehalose but only trehalose 6-phosphate, which yielded beta-glucose 1-phosphate and glucose 6-phosphate. This demonstrates the presence of a novel enzymatic pathway for trehalose different from that of maltose metabolism in L. lactis.
Potentiation by interleukin 2 of Burkitt's lymphoma therapy with anti-pan B (anti-CD19) monoclonal antibodies in a mouse xenotransplantation model. (1989)

To study the immunotherapeutic potential of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) directed against the human pan-B-cell antigen CD19, a xenotransplantation model was developed in which the human Burkitt's cell line Daudi is s.c. transplanted into nude mice. IgG1, IgG2b, and IgG2a isotype variants of the anti-CD19 mAb (CLB-CD19) were tested for their capacity to inhibit the growth of 10 x 10(6) Daudi cells injected s.c. into nude mice. When mAb treatment was started 30 min after the injection of tumor cells, only the IgG2a isotype of CLB-CD19 had a marked antitumor effect in vivo. If treatment with IgG2a anti-CD19 mAb alone was delayed until Day 10 after tumor injection, no therapeutic effect was observed. However, the combination of this delayed mAb treatment with recombinant interleukin 2 (rIL-2) inhibited the growth of the Daudi cells in the nude mice, while treatment with rIL-2 alone was ineffective. The results of in vitro experiments showed that peritoneal exudate cells were able to inhibit the proliferation of Daudi cells in the presence of the IgG2a isotype variant of CLB-CD19 mAb but not in the presence of the other CLB-CD19 mAb isotype variants. Fresh nude mouse spleen cells did not mediate antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity against CLB-CD19 mAb-sensitized Daudi cells, irrespective of the isotype used for sensitization. However, preculture of these spleen cells with rIL-2 induced antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity against CD19+ target cells sensitized with CLB-CD19 mAb of all isotypes. These results indicate that it is possible to enhance mAb-dependent effector systems in vivo with the lymphokine rIL-2.