gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Covalent Grafting of a Patterned, Hyperbranched Polymer onto a Plastic Substrate Using Microcontact Printing (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTCovalent Grafting of a Patterned, Hyperbranched Polymer onto a Plastic Substrate Using Microcontact PrintingPradyut Ghosh and Richard M. CrooksView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Texas A & M University P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 36, 8395–8396Publication Date (Web):August 31, 1999Publication History Received6 May 1999Published online31 August 1999Published inissue 1 September 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja991488ahttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja991488arapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views326Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Gold,Layers,Plastics,Polyethylene,Polymers Get e-Alerts
A pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model for the mobilization of CD34 hematopoietic progenitor cells by AMD3100 (2005)

This study characterizes the exposure-response relationship of AMD3100 in mobilizing CD34 + cells after subcutaneous administration. This PK-PD model will be useful in assessing relevant covariates and for optimizing the use of AMD3100 in various patient populations.
Use of Antidromic Evoked Potentials in Placement of Dorsal Cord Disc Electrodes (1986)

Intraoperative recordings of somatosensory evoked potentials were made in 16 patients undergoing implantation of a dorsal cord stimulation system. Antidromic recordings, obtained by stimulating through the dorsal cord electrode placed in the epidural space and recording over peripheral nerves in the painful region of the body, and much higher signal-to-noise ratios and could be obtained with greater reliability than standard orthodromic recordings. When the placement of the electrode was adjusted to obtain evoked responses in the painful region, paresthesias referred to that region were obtained in virtually every case. Use of this procedure allows implantation and internalization of the electrodes in a single procedure under general anesthesia, and reduces the necessity of subsequent revisions.
Learning Features by Watching Objects Move (2017)

This paper presents a novel yet intuitive approach to unsupervised feature learning. Inspired by the human visual system, we explore whether low-level motion-based grouping cues can be used to learn an effective visual representation. Specifically, we use unsupervised motion-based segmentation on videos to obtain segments, which we use as pseudo ground truth to train a convolutional network to segment objects from a single frame. Given the extensive evidence that motion plays a key role in the development of the human visual system, we hope that this straightforward approach to unsupervised learning will be more effective than cleverly designed pretext tasks studied in the literature. Indeed, our extensive experiments show that this is the case. When used for transfer learning on object detection, our representation significantly outperforms previous unsupervised approaches across multiple settings, especially when training data for the target task is scarce.
Cortical Networks for Visual Reaching: Physiological and Anatomical Organization of Frontal and Parietal Lobe Arm Regions (1996)

The functional and structural properties of the dorsolateral frontal lobe and posterior parietal proximal arm representations were studied in macaque monkeys. Physiological mapping of primary motor (MI), dorsal premotor (PMd), and posterior parietal (area 5) cortices was performed in behaving monkeys trained in an instructed-delay reaching task. The parietofrontal corticocortical connectivities of these same areas were subsequently examined anatomically by means of retrograde tracing techniques. Signal-, set-, movement-, and position-related directional neuronal activities were distributed nonuniformly within the task-related areas in both frontal and parietal cortices. Within the frontal lobe, moving caudally from PMd to the MI, the activity that signals for the visuo-spatial events leading to target localization decreased, while the activity more directly linked to movement generation increased. Physiological recordings in the superior parietal lobule revealed a gradient-like distribution of functional properties similar to that observed in the frontal lobe. Signal- and set-related activities were encountered more frequently in the intermediate and ventral part of the medial bank of the intraparietal sulcus (IPS), in area MIP. Movement-and position-related activities were distributed more uniformly within the superior parietal lobule (SPL), in both dorsal area 5 and in MIP. Frontal and parietal regions sharing similar functional properties were preferentially connected through their association pathways. As a result of this study, area MIP, and possibly areas MDP and 7m as well, emerge as the parietal nodes by which visual information may be relayed to the frontal lobe arm region. These parietal and frontal areas, along with their association connections, represent a potential cortical network for visual reaching. The architecture of this network is ideal for coding reaching as the result of a combination between visual and somatic information.
Treatment With Dimethylthiourea Prevents Left Ventricular Remodeling and Failure After Experimental Myocardial Infarction in Mice (2000)

Oxidative stress might play an important role in the progression of left ventricular (LV) remodeling and failure that occur after myocardial infarction (MI). We determined whether reactive oxygen species (ROS) are increased in the LV remodeling and failure in experimental MI with the use of electron spin resonance spectroscopy and whether the long-term administration of dimethylthiourea (DMTU), hydroxyl radical (.OH) scavenger, could attenuate these changes. We studied 3 groups of mice: sham-operated (sham), MI, and MI animals that received DMTU (MI+DMTU). Drugs were administered to the animals daily via intraperitoneal injection for 4 weeks.OH was increased in the noninfarcted myocardium from MI animals, which was abolished in MI+DMTU. Fractional shortening was depressed by 65%, LV chamber diameter was increased by 53%, and the thickness of noninfarcted myocardium was increased by 37% in MI. MI+DMTU animals had significantly better LV contractile function and smaller increases in LV chamber size and hypertrophy than MI animals. Changes in myocyte cross-sectional area determined with LV mid-free wall specimens were concordant with the wall thickness data. Collagen volume fraction of the noninfarcted myocardium showed significant increases in the MI, which were also attenuated with DMTU. Myocardial matrix metalloproteinase-2 activity, measured with gelatin zymography, was increased with MI after 7 and 28 days, which was attenuated in MI+DMTU. Thus, the attenuation of increased myocardial ROS and metalloproteinase activity with DMTU may contribute, at least in part, to its beneficial effects on LV remodeling and failure. Therapies designed to interfere with oxidative stress might be beneficial to prevent myocardial failure.
Molecular cloning and neurotrophic activities of a protein with structural similarities to nerve growth factor: developmental and topographical expression in the brain. (1990)

We have used a pool of degenerate oligonucleotides representing all possible codons in regions of homology between brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) to prime rat hippocampal cDNAs in the polymerase chain reaction. The amplified DNA included a product with significant similarity to NGF and BDNF, which was used to isolate a 1020-nucleotide-long cDNA from a rat hippocampal library. From the nucleotide sequence, a 282-amino-acid-long protein with approximately 45% amino acid similarity to both pig BDNF and rat NGF was deduced. In the adult brain, the mRNA for this protein was predominantly expressed in hippocampus, where it was confined to a subset of pyramidal and granular neurons. The developmental expression in brain showed a clear peak shortly after birth, 1 and 2 weeks earlier than maximal expression of BDNF and NGF, respectively. It was also expressed in several peripheral tissues with the highest level in kidney. The protein, transiently expressed in COS cells, was tested on chicken embryonic neurons and readily stimulated fiber outgrowth from explanted Remak's ganglion and, to a lesser extent, the nodose ganglion. A weak, but consistent, fiber outgrowth response was also seen in the ciliary ganglion and in paravertebral sympathetic ganglia. Moreover, the protein displaced binding of NGF to its receptor, suggesting that it can interact with the NGF receptor. Thus, this factor, although structurally and functionally related to NGF and BDNF, has unique biological activities and represents a member of a family of neurotrophic factors that may cooperate to support the development and maintenance of the vertebrate nervous system.
The factors affecting effectiveness of treatment in phages therapy (2014)

In recent years, the use of lytic bacteriophages as antimicrobial agents controlling pathogenic bacteria has appeared as a promising new alternative strategy in the face of growing antibiotic resistance which has caused problems in many fields including medicine, veterinary medicine, and aquaculture. The use of bacteriophages has numerous advantages over traditional antimicrobials. The effectiveness of phage applications in fighting against pathogenic bacteria depends on several factors such as the bacteriophages/target bacteria ratio, the mode and moment of treatment, environmental conditions (pH, temperature...), the neutralization of phage and accessibility to target bacteria, amongst others. This report presents these factors and the challenges involved in developing phage therapy applications.
Enhancing droplet deposition through in-situ precipitation (2016)

Retention of agricultural sprays on plant surfaces is an important challenge. Bouncing of sprayed pesticide droplets from leaves is a major source of soil and groundwater pollution and pesticide overuse. Here we report a method to increase droplet deposition through in-situ formation of hydrophilic surface defects that can arrest droplets during impact. Defects are created by simultaneously spraying oppositely charged polyelectrolytes that induce surface precipitation when two droplets come into contact. Using high-speed imaging, we study the coupled dynamics of drop impact and surface precipitate formation. We develop a physical model to estimate the energy dissipation by the defects and predict the transition from bouncing to sticking. We demonstrate macroscopic enhancements in spray retention and surface coverage for natural and synthetic non-wetting surfaces and provide insights into designing effective agricultural sprays.
Biochemical Analysis of Spontaneous fepA Mutants of Escherichia coli (1988)

The fepA gene of Escherichia coli encodes the outer-membrane receptor protein for ferrienterobactin. Previous genetic studies indicated that fepA mutations occur frequently and suggested that most of the mutations were deletions. In this work seven spontaneous fepA mutations were analyzed by enzyme assay (enterobactin synthase and enterobactin esterase) and by DNA hybridization studies. In two strains, UT500 and UT700, the mutations were confined to the fepA gene. In the remaining mutants, the mutations were large deletions; in several cases, 27 kb or more of DNA had been lost. The deletions, all of which eliminated approximately the left half of the enterobactin gene cluster, extended from the vicinity of the fepC gene counterclockwise into the chromosome. A minimum of three clockwise endpoints were identified and at least two counterclockwise endpoints were detected. The variation in endpoints among the deletions argues against the involvement of a normal transposon in their formation. Also, unexpected homology was found between enterobactin gene cluster DNA and lacPOZ and pSC101.
Cell signaling in marine diatoms (2008)

Marine photosynthetic microorganisms (phytoplankton) are the basis of marine foodwebs and are responsible for nearly 50% of the global annual carbon-based primary production.1 Phytoplankton can grow rapidly and form massive blooms that can be regulated by environmental factors such as nutrients and light availability and biotic interaction with grazers and viruses.2,3 Their crucial role in drawing down atmospheric CO(2) and their potential use for future biofuel production4 raises the critical need for better understanding of fundamental features of their biology.5 Although traditionally phytoplankton were considered passive drifters with the currents (from Greek-"Planktos"), our recent reports demonstrate how cells employ a complex mechanism to sense changes in environmental cues and activate chemical-based defense strategies.
Are the Public Health Responsibility Deal alcohol pledges likely to improve public health? An evidence synthesis (2015)

The most effective evidence-based strategies to reduce alcohol-related harm are not reflected consistently in the RD alcohol pledges. The evidence is clear that an alcohol control strategy should support effective interventions to make alcohol less available and more expensive.
Structure of the mouse IL-10 gene and chromosomal localization of the mouse and human genes (1992)

The nucleotide sequence of a 7.2-kb segment containing the mouse IL-10 (mIL-10) gene was determined. Comparison to the mIL-10 cDNA sequence (Moore, K. W., et al. 1990. Science 248:1230; 250:494) revealed the presence of five exons that span approximately 5.1 kb of genomic DNA. The noncoding regions of the mIL-10 gene contain sequences that have been associated with transcriptional regulation of several cytokine genes. The mIL-10 gene was mapped to mouse chromosome 1 and the human IL-10 gene was also mapped to human chromosome 1.
Biological activities of human recombinant interferon α/β targeted by anti‐Epstein‐Barr virus monoclonal antibodies (1985)

The requirement of high doses of interferon (IFN) during therapy severely restrict its application. Thus a model using an Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) membrane antigen (MA) specific monoclonal antibody (MAb) was developed to assess the feasibility of coupling minimal amounts of IFN to a MAb and specifically delivering the IFN to the target cells. Coupled IFN was first shown to retain fully both its anti-viral and anti-proliferative properties when tested on human tumor cell lines QIMR-WIL (EBV-MA+) and the U-266 (EBV-MA-). A series of in vitro pulsing experiments demonstrated the specific targeting of both the anti-viral and anti-proliferative properties of IFN to the EBV-MA+ QIMR-WIL cells and not EBV-MA- cell lines.
Affinity Labeling of the Myosin ATPase with Ribose-Modffied fluorescent Nucleotides and Vanadate (1984)

Ribose-modified fluorescent nucleotide analogs, 3'-O-anthraniloyl and 3'-O-(N-methylanthraniloyl) derivatives of AT(D)P, dAT(D)P, CT(D)P, UT(D)P, IT(D)P, and GT(D)P, were synthesized for use as substrates and affinity labels for the myosin ATPase [Hiratsuka, T. (1983) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 742, 496-508]. None of the fluorescent nucleoside triphosphate (NTP) analogs was significantly different from the corresponding natural NTP in its ability to support superprecipitation of actomyosin. When fluorescent and natural NTPs were used as substrates for the myosin subfragment-1(S-1) ATPase in the presence of 1mM vanadate ion (V1), a slight initial inhibition of the S-1 NTPase was followed by progressive inhibition to more than 60% over a period of 1 h. The apparent second-order rate constants were 0.14-0.44M-1 . s-1, suggesting the formation of the inactive fluorescent NDP-labeled S-1. After incubation of S-1 with the nucleoside diphosphate (NDP) analog in the presence of Vi, the resultant fluorescent NDP-labeled S-1 was isolated free of unbound Vi and the analog by gel filtration. The isolated complexes had stoichiometries of 0.6-1.1 NDP analog per S-1 active site. Native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed conveniently that the NDP analog is associated with S-1 as indicated by two intense fluorescent bands corresponding to S-1 isozymes. On dissociating gels, the analog was released from S-1, suggesting that the labeled S-1 is held together by strong secondary forces rather than covalent bonds.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Room temperature synthesis of porous SiO2 thin films by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (2004)

Silicon dioxide thin films with variable and controlled porosity have been prepared at room temperature by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition in an electron cyclotron resonance microwave reactor with a downstream configuration. The procedure consists of the deposition of successive cycles consisting of a sacrificial organic-polymeric layer and, afterward, a silicon dioxide layer. Toluene and oxygen are used as precursors of the organic layers and Si(CH3)3Cl and oxygen for the SiO2. During deposition of the latter, the organic layer is simultaneously burned off. In these conditions, the release of gases produced by oxidation of the organic-polymeric layer take place while the oxide layer is being deposited. Thus, modification of the nucleation and growing mechanism of the silicon oxide thin film take place. The porosity of the final porous SiO2 thin films increases with the thickness of the sacrificial organic layer. The porous SiO2 films prepared with the aforementioned method are free of carbon and chlorine contamination as confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy. Depending on their porosity, the SiO2 thin films are either transparent or scattered visible light. The former have refractive index lower than that of thermal silicon dioxide and the latter show membranelike behavior in gas diffusion experiments. All the samples have good adhesion to the substrates used for the deposition, either polished Si wafer, glass plates, or standard porous supports. They have columnar microstructure, as determined by scanning electron microscopy. A preliminary ultraviolet-visible characterization of the optically transparent thin films reveals that transmission of light through glass increases by 7%–8% when the porous silica is deposited on this substrate. These films prove to be very efficient as antireflective coatings and are of interest for photovoltaic and similar applications. It is possible to deposit SiO2 thin films with densities as low as 0.65 g/cm3 (corresponding to a porosity of 70%) by adjusting the thickness of the sacrificial and SiO2 layers. The films with high porosity are promising materials for the fabrication and/or modification of diffusion membranes. The gas adsorption properties and the type of porosity of the SiO2 thin films are assessed by adsorption isotherms of toluene at room temperature measured with a quartz crystal monitor device. The gas permeation properties of the films (when used as membranes) are analyzed by studying the diffusion rate of different gases through them.
Studies of acousto-electrically levitated drop and particle clusters and arrays (1999)

Research into the behavior of clusters and arrays of fluid or solid particles is made possible by acousto-electric levitation in air and charging of “seed” droplets (10–30 μm in diameter) which come together in 2-D clusters (with up to 300 droplets). Such clusters condense into larger drops (e.g., 50–300 μm) which form uniformly spaced 2-D arrays of monodispersed drops. Similar behavior has been observed for charged solid particles. This research has applications to studies of drop evaporation, combustion, nucleation, and materials synthesis.
Effect of age on hematopoiesis in man (1984)

We have shown previously that the cause of anemia in healthy elderly subjects can usually not be identified. In this study, hematopoiesis was examined in 18 healthy elderly subjects with unexplained anemia and in 15 young and 15 healthy elderly individuals without anemia. No reduction in circulating testosterone was noted, making decreased androgen levels as a cause for the anemia unlikely. The 2,3 diphospho- glycerate (2,3DPG) levels in the anemic subjects were significantly higher than their corresponding controls, suggesting that the anemia was pathologic, as no increase would be expected if the low hemoglobin was a physiologic adjustment to age. The anemia was associated with a reduction in marrow normoblast and CFU-E number, but no decrease in BFU- E levels was seen. This suggests that the mechanism of the anemia is a decrease in stem cell proliferation. This could be caused by a reduction in circulating erythropoietin or a defect in end organ response. A second possibility is that a basic cellular abnormality exists. The presence of an overall reduction in hematopoiesis in anemic elderly (decreased peripheral blood counts, reduced marrow myeloid precursors, and CFU-C levels) makes this especially likely. The abnormality may be caused by a mechanism unrelated to the aging process. The fact that nonanemic elderly also have reductions in hematopoiesis suggests that age contributes to the defect.
1333Therapeutic HSV-2 vaccine (GEN003) results in durable reduction in genital lesions at 1 year (2014)

Background. Genital HSV-2 infection causes recurrent genital lesions and frequent viral shedding; current therapies do not completely control viral replication and require daily antiviral therapy. The therapeutic vaccine GEN003 contains 2 HSV-2 proteins, gD and ICP4, and Matrix M2 adjuvant (MM) to promote both B and T cell immune responses.