gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phosphoinositide 3-kinase γ/δ inhibition limits infarct size after myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (2006)

Although phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) play beneficial pro-cell survival roles during tissue ischemia, some isoforms (gamma and delta) paradoxically contribute to the inflammation that damages these same tissues upon reperfusion. We therefore considered the possibility that selectively inhibiting proinflammatory PI3K isoforms during the reperfusion phase could ultimately limit overall tissue damage seen in ischemia/reperfusion injuries such as myocardial infarction. Panreactive and isoform-restricted PI3K inhibitors were identified by screening a novel chemical family; molecular modeling studies attributed isoform specificity based on rotational freedom of substituent groups. One compound (TG100-115) identified as a selective PI3K gamma/delta inhibitor potently inhibited edema and inflammation in response to multiple mediators known to participate in myocardial infarction, including vascular endothelial growth factor and platelet-activating factor; by contrast, endothelial cell mitogenesis, a repair process important to tissue survival after ischemic damage, was not disrupted. In rigorous animal MI models, TG100-115 provided potent cardioprotection, reducing infarct development and preserving myocardial function. Importantly, this was achieved when dosing well after myocardial reperfusion (up to 3 h after), the same time period when patients are most accessible for therapeutic intervention. In conclusion, by targeting pathologic events occurring relatively late in myocardial damage, we have identified a potential means of addressing an elusive clinical goal: meaningful cardioprotection in the postreperfusion time period.
Influence of short-range interactions on the mesoscopic organization of magnetic nanocrystals (2005)

Magnetic fluids of 10-nm maghemite, gamma- Fe2 O3 , nanocrystals, subjected or not to an applied field parallel to the substrate, produce, after evaporation, mesoscopic structures. These differ markedly with the surface coating agent used to prevent particles from coalescence. Citrate ions and carboxylic acids with different chain lengths are employed as coating agents. The change in the mesoscopic structure is studied both experimentally and theoretically. The mesoscopic structures obtained by Brownian dynamics simulations are in good agreement with the experimental observations. In particular, the appearance of chainlike organizations in spite of the particles being weakly dipolar is explained by an interplay of van der Waals and magnetic dipolar interactions.
microRNA‐599 promotes apoptosis and represses proliferation and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition of papillary thyroid carcinoma cells via downregulation of Hey2‐depentent Notch signaling pathway (2019)

Although papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) has a favorable prognosis after surgical or medical treatment, its survival rate is still very low. Therefore, finding more reliable therapy methods to limit PTC is a necessity. Compelling evidence has implicated the role of microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) in PTC. This study aims at investigating the possible effect of microRNA-599 (miR-599) on proliferation, apoptosis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of PTC cells by targeting Hey2 gene. Differentially expressed genes/miRNAs associated with PTC were screened based on microarray analysis. Then, the expression of the candidate gene, as well as, the regulatory miRNA were detected in PTC cells, the related signaling pathway was verified. Afterward, the relationship between the miR and the candidate gene was verified by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. Subsequently, the effects of overexpressed miR and silenced candidate gene on cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, EMT, migration, and invasion were detected. In PTC tissues and cells, miR-599 was downregulated while Hey2 expressed highly. Hey2 is a target gene of miR-559. In addition, the expression of Bax and E-cadherin was elevated while that of Hey2, Notch1, Delta-like1, Hes1, N1ICD, Jagged1, Snail, Slug, N-cadherin and Vimentin, and Bcl-2 was reduced in cells treated with upregulated miR-599 or downregulated Hey2. Moreover, miR-599 overexpression or Hey2 silencing inhibited cell proliferation, migration, invasion, along with EMT but promoted apoptosis. This study verified that miR-599 promotes apoptosis and represses proliferation, EMT of PTC cells through inactivating the Notch signaling pathway by downregulating Hey2, which has great clinical significance for PTC treatment.
Interleukin-4 mediates down regulation of antiviral cytokine expression and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses and exacerbates vaccinia virus infection in vivo (1996)

Interleukin-4 (IL-4) promotes the growth of Th2-type cells while down regulating the development of Th1-type cells. It has been suggested that the actions of this factor inhibit Th1-type effector activity in vivo and may underlie the development of diseases normally controlled by cell-mediated immune responses. Here, we show that clearance of recombinant vaccinia viruses (VV) engineered to express the gene for murine IL-4 is markedly delayed in mice compared with control recombinant VV. While antiviral antibody levels and NK activity in mice given control virus or IL-4-expressing virus were similar, antiviral cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses were profoundly suppressed throughout the course of infection with the latter. Limiting dilution analysis of IL-4-virus-infected spleens revealed a marked reduction in numbers of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte precursors. Furthermore, reverse transcriptase PCR analysis of splenic mRNA prepared from mice infected with the IL-4-expressing VV showed a marked down regulation of IL-12, gamma interferon, and IL-2 gene expression compared with that from mice given control virus. IL-4 also inhibited the production of nitric oxide (NO), a potent mediator of antimicrobial activity. Together, these data show that IL-4 markedly suppresses the development of antiviral cell-mediated immune responses in vivo with deleterious effects on virus clearance.
TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OF ACUTE GRAFT-VERSUSHOST DISEASE WITH THALIDOMIDE IN A RAT MODEL (1986)

We have investigated the immunosuppressive effects of thalidomide (Thal) in a bone marrow transplant (BMT) model for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Lewis rats received RT1-incompatible marrow transplants from ACI rats after total-body irradiation. Twenty-two of twenty-three rats with established severe acute GVHD were successfully treated with Thal. Thal was given for therapy by gavage at 50 mg/kg/day or 100 mg/kg/day for 40 days after GVHD was clinically and histologically present. Fourteen of twenty-two received prophylaxis successfully with Thal at a dose of 50 mg/kg/day or 100 mg/kg/day. Acute GVHD did not develop after the drug was stopped. Three animals treated for severe GVHD later developed chronic GVHD. Chimerism was shown by permanent acceptance of ACI skin grafts and rejection of third-party skin grafts. Lymphocytes from Thal-treated animals likewise did not respond to Lewis or ACI cells in mixed lymphocyte culture but responded to third-party BN lymphocytes. Thal appears to be a potent new agent for therapy and prophylaxis of GVHD.
Data flow modelling in real time multitasking graphical design (2002)

LACATRE is a graphical tool intended to help the design of applications requiring multitasking real time executives. Within the software life cycle, it covers both preliminary and detailed design. The first version of this tool gave preference to the tasking aspect of an application by the modelling of both low level objects, issued from real time kernels, and high level application objects, close to specification methods. This paper presents the data modelling introduced in the LACATRE language, in order to lead to a quasi complete code generation of an application target programme. Two other issues are brought up with data modelling: the introduction of control variables used for simulation and programme correctness verification, and the definition of a graphical formalism for data flow representation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Oral clodronate in breast cancer patients with bone metastases: a randomized study (1999)

Oral clodronate is associated with a temporary reduction of morbidity related to bone metastases in breast cancer patients.
Synchronization strategies for GSM/EDGE networks (2002)

Inter-base station synchronization offers the potential for dramatically increased capacity in cellular networks based on GSM and EDGE (the 3rd Generation evolution of GSM and TDMA). In combination with tight frequency reuse and fractional loading, synchronization allows interference in the network to be reduced through the intelligent allocation of frequency hopping parameters. This paper introduces and evaluates possible planning strategies applicable to synchronized GSM and EDGE networks. In addition, the concept of mobile allocation index offset (MAIO) hopping is introduced as a new method to significantly increase interference diversity.
Creativity, Imagination and the World-Wide Web (2001)

One way to improve access to education is to make use of the World-Wide Web, and already there is a great deal of material on the Web intended specifically for education. However, much of it is unexciting and would not encourage creativity or imagination in those studying it. This paper shows that by taking ideas from e-commerce, where effective and innovative use has been made of the Web, it is possible to create sophisticated Web-based environments that can meet the educational requirements of learners, respond to their individual needs, and encourage both creativity and imagination.
Active sodium and chloride transport across the isolated rabbit conjunctiva (1995)

The bulbar-palpebral conjunctiva from albino rabbits was dissected as a cylinder and cut longitudinally to convert it to a flat epithelium that was mounted as a partition between Using-type chambers, exposing 0.38 cm2 of cross-sectional area. The tissue was bathed with a modified Tyrode's solution at 37 degrees C, pH 7.5. The tear-facing side (apical) was 14.6 +/- 1.5 mV negative relative to the basolateral side. Transepithelial resistance was 1.23 +/- 0.01 K omega.cm2 and the short-circuit current (Isc) was 14.4 +/- 1.3, microA/cm2. Sixty percent of the Isc could be accounted for by a Na(+)-dependent, bumetanide-inhibitable Cl- transport directed towards the apical side. The remainder of the Isc reflected a Na+ absorptive process at the apical surface that was amiloride resistant. Evidence was obtained that a likely contributor to this activity is an electrogenic Na(+)-glucose co-carrier. The Cl-dependent Isc was stimulated by forskolin and epinephrine. Permeabilization of the apical membrane with amphotericin B evinced a current carried by a basolateral Na+:K+ pump. An effect by heptanol suggested that part of the Isc traverse the epithelium via gap junctions. Our results imply that transport processes at the conjunctiva could influence the composition of the tear film.
Si-Containing Positive Resist for ArF Excimer Laser Lithography. (1995)

A new chemically amplified Si-containing positive resist designed for ArF excimer laser lithography is described. TMSMMA-OCMA resist (Poly (trimethylsilyl methylmethacrylate-3-oxocyclohexylmethacrylate) with TPS SbFs) worked as a positive resist when exposed by ArF excimer laser and it resolved 0.19 pm Line and Space (LIS) pattern.
The role of EGFR inhibitors in nonsmall cell lung cancer (2004)

Antiepidermal growth factor receptor has shown promising antitumor activity in nonsmall cell lung cancer patients with a mild toxicity profile. However, a series of important clinical issues such as selection of potentially responsive patients and optimal combination with conventional anticancer treatments needs to be addressed to use these drugs better in lung cancer.
The Correlation Between Fusion Defects and Damage in Tibial Polyethylene Bearings (1994)

Recent reports of fatigue failures of polyethylene tibial and patellar components have led to investigation of the role of design and material properties in these failures. Earlier investigations, concluding that high contact stress designs suffered greater damage in service, could not account for some of the fatigue failures. The current study hypothesizes that this failure is related to variations in the material properties of the polyethylene due to incomplete consolidation of the powder during manufacture, resulting in fusion defects. Retrieved polyethylene components and samples of polyethylene stock were examined to gain insight into the relationship between fusion defects, component failure, material forming processes, and powder grade. Statistically significant correlations (p < 0.05) were observed between the extent of defects and cracking, delamination, total wear damage, and duration in vivo. These correlations indicate that components manufactured from material with fusion defects may be less resistant to fatigue than components formed of fully consolidated material.
Reference Values of Various Blood Constituents in Young Minipigs (1984)

In the Göttinger minipig, the reference values of 18 parameters in whole blood or plasma were determined. The results are expressed both as the mean value and +/- 2 SD presuming a symmetrical normal distribution and as the median value with the corresponding range. For most blood constituents, the results of the two modes of calculation were similar. Comparison of the values from young minipigs with those from children shows that these animals are well suited in this respect for experimental work related to human medicine.
Respiration losses in planktonic green algae cultivated in raceway ponds (1985)

Journal Article Respiration losses in planktonic green algae cultivated in raceway ponds Get access Johan U. Grobbelaar, Johan U. Grobbelaar 1Institute of Environmental Sciences, University of the Orange Free StateP.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein, South Africa Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Carl J. Soeder Carl J. Soeder Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Plankton Research, Volume 7, Issue 4, 1985, Pages 497–506, https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/7.4.497 Published: 01 January 1985 Article history Received: 01 June 1984 Published: 01 January 1985 Accepted: 01 April 1985
Flavonoids protect LDL from oxidation and attenuate atherosclerosis (2001)

Consumption of some plant-derived flavonoids results in their absorption and appearance in plasma and tissues. The inverse relationship between dietary flavonoids consumption and cardiovascular diseases may be associated with the ability of flavonoids to attenuate LDL oxidation, macrophage foam cell formation and atherosclerosis. The effect of flavonoids on arterial cell-mediated oxidation of LDL is determined by their accumulation in the lipoprotein and in arterial cells, such as macrophages. Flavonoids can reduce LDL lipid peroxidation by scavenging reactive oxygen/nitrogen species, chelation of transition metal ions and sparing of LDL-associated antioxidants. They can also reduce macrophage oxidative stress by inhibition of cellular oxygenases [such as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, reduced form (NADPH) oxidase] or by activating cellular antioxidants (such as the glutathione system). Thus, plant flavonoids, as potent natural antioxidants that protect against lipid peroxidation in arterial cells and lipoproteins, significantly attenuate the development of atherosclerosis.
Telesurveillance of elderly patients by use of passive infra-red sensors in a 'smart' room (2003)

We have developed an automated surveillance system based on passive infra-red sensors. Eight sensors were installed in a hospital room. A computer automatically captured data from the sensors every night from 21:00 until 06:00 the following morning. The sensors were polled twice per second and when a sensor was activated by movement, the event and time were recorded in a data file. At the end of the surveillance period the program analysed the data and generated a report showing the activities taking place in the room and their times. Four elderly patients were observed for a total of 97 nights. A total of 1637 possible sequences of movements by the patient and the hospital staff were detected. The computer was able to identify 1450 sequences (89%) correctly, in comparison with manual analysis. Only 10 movements (0.6%) were undetected by the system; all were very short sequences (five or six activations of the sensors). The system was generally capable of detecting and classifying all major movements in the room.
Dicationic and zwitterionic catalysts for the amine-initiated, immortal ring-opening polymerisation of rac-lactide: facile synthesis of amine-terminated, highly heterotactic PLA (2009)

Dicationic, zwitterionic and "conventional" yttrium compounds act as catalysts for the primary or secondary amine-initiated immortal ROP of rac-lactide; amine-terminated, highly heterotactic poly(rac-lactides) with narrow polydispersities and well-controlled molecular weights are prepared in this manner.
Properties of Rat Tracheal Epithelial Cells Separated Based on Expression of Cell Surface α -Galactosyl End Groups (1991)

We used Griffonia (bandeiraea) simplicifolia I (GS I) lectin and flow cytometry to isolate subsets of rat tracheal epithelial cells based on the presence or absence of cell surface alpha-galactosyl end groups. These fractions were designated GS I-positive and -negative, respectively. Ninety-eight percent of the cells in the GS I-positive fraction expressed cell surface alpha-galactosyl end groups; 95% had immunocytochemically detectable keratin 14-related protein (a basal cell marker) and 98% lacked alcian blue-periodic acid-Schiff (AB-PAS)-stained cytoplasmic granules. More than 90% of the GS I-positive cells had a high nuclear-to-cytoplasm ratio, had tonofilaments, and lacked organelles characteristic of other differentiated cell types; they were thus classified as basal cells. In bioassays, the GS I-positive fraction had a colony-forming efficiency greater than or equal to that of native tracheal cell suspensions, and the cells were able to repopulate denuded tracheal grafts with ciliated, secretory, and basal cells. More than 99% of the cells in the GS I-negative fraction lacked cell surface alpha-galactosyl end groups, 98% did not stain for keratin 14-related protein, 54% had significant numbers of AB-PAS-stained cytoplasmic granules, and 16% were identified as ciliated cells. The GS I-negative fraction had a lower colony-forming efficiency than the GS I-positive fraction but, it too, was able to repopulate denuded tracheal grafts with a complete mucociliary epithelium. These results show that both GS I-positive and -negative cells had the potential to proliferate and differentiate into the major tracheal cell types.
Discordance between accumulated p53 protein level and its transcriptional activity in response to u.v. radiation. (1996)

In response to DNA damage, the transcriptional activity of p53 rises. This has been thought to be due to an increase in the level of p53 protein. By comparing the p53 protein level and its ability to transactivate target genes Waf1/Cip1 and mdm2 in both T22 and NIH3T3 cells irradiated with u.v., a discordance between the p53 protein level and its transcriptional activity was observed. When the cells were irradiated with 10 J/m2 of u.v., there was a substantial increase in expression of Waf1/ Cip1 and mdm2. However, little increase in Waf1/Cip1 and mdm2 expression was observed in T22 and NIH3T3 cells 8 or 9 h after exposure to 50 J/m2 of u.v., although the p53 protein level accumulated to its highest level under these conditions. Interestingly, a significant increase in Waf1/Cip1 expression was seen 24 h after irradiation in NIH3T3 cells, indicating that the inhibition of p53 transcriptional activity is reversible. Discordance between the transcriptional activity of p53 and its protein level was further studied using a cell line expressing the p53 reporter plasmid RGC delta fosLacZ. Using double immunofluorescence staining, the coexpression of p53 and beta-galactosidase from the reporter plasmid in the same cells was investigated. The observed lack of correlation between the elevated p53 and beta-galactosidase and expression in u.v. irradiated cells strongly indicates that the ability of p53 to transactivate its target genes is not simply correlated to its protein level. The results indicate that the transcriptional activity of p53 may be negatively regulated.
A β-catenin/XTcf-3 complex binds to thesiamois promoter to regulate dorsal axis specification in Xenopus (1997)

The Wnt pathway regulates the early dorsal-ventral axis in Xenopus through a complex of beta-catenin and HMG box transcription factors of the Lef/Tcf family. We show that the promoter of the dorsalizing homeo box gene siamois is a direct target for the beta-catenin/XTcf-3 complex, establishing a link between the Wnt pathway and the activation of genes involved in specifying the dorsal axis. By injecting siamois reporter constructs into the animal pole of Xenopus embryos, we show that a 0.8-kb fragment of the siamois promoter is strongly activated by beta-catenin. The proximal 0.5 kb, which is also activated by beta-catenin, contains three Lef/Tcf-binding sites. Mutations in these sites eliminate the beta-catenin-mediated activation of siamois and show that siamois is regulated by the beta-catenin/XTcf-3 complex, in combination with additional transcriptional activators. When expressed at the equator of the embryo, the siamois promoter is activated to much higher levels on the dorsal side than the ventral side. Ectopic ventral expression of beta-catenin raises the ventral expression of the siamois promoter to the dorsal levels. Conversely, ectopic dorsal expression of dominant-negative XTcf-3 abolishes the dorsal activation of the siamois promoter. Furthermore, elimination of the Lef/Tcf sites elevates the ventral expression of siamois, revealing a repressive role for XTcf-3 in the absence of beta-catenin. Finally, we find that the endogenous siamois activator, although present throughout the dorsal side of the embryo, is most potent in the dorsal vegetal region. We propose that the dorsal activation of siamois by the beta-catenin/XTcf-3 complex combined with the ventral repression of siamois by XTcf-3 results in the restriction of endogenous siamois expression to the dorsal side of Xenopus embryos.
Site directed mutagenesis experiments suggest that Glu lll, Glu 144 and Arg 145 are essential for endonucleolytic activity of EcoRI (1986)

We have constructed a plasmid (pRIF 309+) carrying the EcoRI restriction endonuclease gene and the f1 origin of replication. Upon transformation of this plasmid into E. coli and infection with bacteriophage f1 single stranded plasmids are produced which can be used for sequencing and site directed mutagenesis. Using this single stranded DNA and synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides we have introduced point mutations at defined positions of the EcoRI gene. Since in pRIF309+ the EcoRI gene is under the control of the pL-promoter, high level expression of the mutated EcoRI gene could be obtained upon induction. Mutant EcoRI enzymes were purified to homogeneity and characterized in structural and functional terms. Our results demonstrate that the Glu 111----Gln, Glu 144----Gln and Arg 145----Lys -mutants adopt a very similar conformation as the wild type enzyme, but have by two orders of magnitude smaller specific activities than the wild type enzyme, mainly due to a reduction of the Vmax-value.