gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Treatment of recurrent malignant gliomas with chronic oral high-dose tamoxifen. (1996)

The present clinical trial was undertaken to assess the clinical safety and possible efficacy of administering tamoxifen to patients with recurrent malignant glial tumors at dosages calculated to achieve levels sufficient to inhibit protein kinase C within the tumor cells. Chronic p.o. tamoxifen was administered in very high dosages to 32 patients (20 males and 12 females; age range, 26-75 years; mean, 49 years) with histologically verified malignant glioma [anaplastic astrocytoma (12 patients) or glioblastoma multiforme (20 patients)] who had demonstrated clinical and radiographical progression or recurrence following external beam radiation therapy (and additional chemotherapy in 11; immunotherapy in 2). The dosage of tamoxifen administered was 200 mg/day to males and 160 mg/day to females given in a twice daily schedule. Clinical and radiographical (defined as a greater than 50% decrease in volume of the enhancing lesion volume on magnetic resonance imaging and a decrease in metabolic activity on serial positron emission tomographic scans) response was noted in 8 patients (25%; 4/12 with anaplastic astrocytoma and 4/20 glioblastoma multiforme), with an additional 6 patients (19%) exhibiting stabilization of disease with minimal side effects. Median survival from the time of diagnosis for the entire cohort was 24 months (104 weeks), for the anaplastic astrocytoma group 42.5 months (185 weeks), and for the glioblastoma group 17.4 months (75.5 weeks). From the initiation of tamoxifen, median survival for the entire cohort was 10.1 months (44 weeks), for the anaplastic astrocytoma group 16 months (69 weeks), and for the glioblastoma group 7.2 months (31 weeks). The mean length of follow-up of all patients after initiating tamoxifen was 16 months (69 weeks), while the mean length of follow-up of alive patients is 22.6 months (98 weeks) (range up to 51 months). These data suggest that a subgroup of patients with malignant gliomas respond or stabilize with chronic high-dose tamoxifen therapy. This therapy may represent an alternative or adjuvant to existing chemotherapies for these tumors; further clinical trials are warranted.
Repeated Immunization: Possible Adverse Effects (1974)

A group of intensively immunized men, who had been subjected to detailed medical evaluations in 1956 and in 1962, was reexamined in 1971 and compared with a carefully matched control group. Clinical and laboratory studies were done to detect adverse effects induced by repeated parenteral inoculation with a variety of vaccines and toxoids. No clinical sequels attributable to long-term immunization were identified. Only one laboratory abnormality described in previous studies, elevated serum hexosamine, was observed. Few other abnormalities were detected in the immunized group; mean values were depressed for serum
The Sounds of Japanese Noise: First Generation of Japanese Noise-Artists (2006)

This article presents pan of my research on a type of electronic music known as Japanese noise carried out for my Honors Thesis in Music, Creating Silence through Noise: an Aesthetic Approach to the Sounds of "Japanese noise". It introduces Japanese noise, its origins in the 1970s and 1980s, its musical influences, and the early distribution of its pieces. The first generation of Japanese noise artists and their perceptions of Tokyo are then discussed. Finally, the possibility is advanced of a correlation between such perceptions of the city and the sounds of Japanese noise.
Transfer of Facility Clients to Inpatient Psychiatry: Eight Criteria to Consider (2002)

The transfer of residential clients with mental retardation to inpatient psychiatric care units (IPUs) presents several areas in which clinical and administrative incidents can occur. Incident review management can be applied as an effective administrative tool to improve the transfer of such clients by considering the needs of clients in the context of their caregivers and the goals of the IPU. This article introduces eight criteria to facilitate and evaluate the transfer of such clients and help reduce the rate of incidents.
Synthesis and Structure-Activity Relationships of 6-Heterocyclic-Substituted Purines as Inactivation Modifiers of Cardiac Sodium Channels (1995)

Purine-based analogs of SDZ 211-500 (5) were prepared and evaluated as inactivation modifiers of guinea pig or human cardiac sodium (Na) channels expressed in Xenopus oocytes. Substances which remove or slow the Na channel inactivation process in cardiac tissue are anticipated to prolong the effective refractory period and increase inotropy and thus have potential utility as antiarrhythmic agents. Heterocyclic substitution at the 6-position of the purine ring resulted in compounds with increased Na activity and potency, with 5-membered heterocycles being optimal. Only minor modifications to the benzhydrylpiperazine side chain were tolerated. Selected compounds which delayed the inactivation of Na channels were found to increase refractoriness and contractility in a rabbit Langendorff heart model, consistent with the cellular mechanism. Activity in both the oocyte and rabbit heart assays was specific to the S enantiomers. Preliminary in vivo activity has been demonstrated following intravenous infusion. The most promising compound on the basis of in vitro data is the formylpyrrole (S)-74, which is 25-fold more potent than DPI 201-106 (1) in the human heart Na channel assay.
Reduction in salivary cortisol level by music therapy during colonoscopic examination. (2004)

Music therapy during colonoscopy markedly reduces fear-related stress, as indicated by changes in salivary cortisol levels.
Engagement of CD99 Induces Up-Regulation of TCR and MHC Class I and II Molecules on the Surface of Human Thymocytes (1998)

CD99 is a cell surface molecule involved in the aggregation of lymphocytes and apoptosis of immature cortical thymocytes. Despite its high level expression on immature cortical thymocytes, the functional roles of this molecule during thymic selection are only now being elucidated. Examination of the effects of CD99 engagement on the expression kinetics of the TCR and MHC class I and II molecules, which are involved primarily in thymic positive selection, revealed a marked up-regulation of these proteins on the surface of immature thymocytes. This increase was the result of accelerated mobilization of molecules stored in cytosolic compartments to the plasma membrane, rather than increased RNA and protein synthesis. Confocal microscopic analysis revealed the changes in subcellular distribution of these molecules. When CD99 was engaged, TCR and MHC class I and II molecules were concentrated at the plasma membrane, particularly at cell-cell contact sites. The TCRlow subpopulation of immature double positive thymocytes was much more responsive to CD99-mediated up-regulation than was the TCRhigh population. These findings suggest that CD99-dependent up-regulation may have possible implication in positive selection during thymocyte ontogeny.
A Novel and Practical Synthesis of 3-Unsubstituted Indolizines (2000)

A novel and practical procedure for the preparation of 3-unsubstituted indolizines by 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition was developed. The requisite pyridinium N-methylides were generated simply from the corresponding N-(carboxymethyl)pyridinium halides. In the presence of MnO2, electron-deficient alkenes, instead of alkynes or vinyl bromides, were used successfully as dipolarophiles. This general method features cheap reagents, simple workup procedure and gives the products in moderate to high yields (57-92%).
A Molecular View of Microbial Diversity and the Biosphere (1997)

Over three decades of molecular-phylogenetic studies, researchers have compiled an increasingly robust map of evolutionary diversification showing that the main diversity of life is microbial, distributed among three primary relatedness groups or domains: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eucarya. The general properties of representatives of the three domains indicate that the earliest life was based on inorganic nutrition and that photosynthesis and use of organic compounds for carbon and energy metabolism came comparatively later. The application of molecular-phylogenetic methods to study natural microbial ecosystems without the traditional requirement for cultivation has resulted in the discovery of many unexpected evolutionary lineages; members of some of these lineages are only distantly related to known organisms but are sufficiently abundant that they are likely to have impact on the chemistry of the biosphere.
3D graphics hardware (1998)

What can we expect to see in 3D graphics hardware in the coming years? What markets will drive next generation designs? Where will PC graphics be in the year 2000? These questions are frequently debated by users, application vendors and manufacturers of 3D graphics hardware. In this article, I will offer some views and opinions on these and related questions. First, I will briefly review a bit of the history of hardware accelerated graphics. Next, I will give an overview of the current state of graphics hardware. Finally, I will discuss what directions graphics hardware will be going in the future.
Identifying siRNA-Induced Off-Targets by Microarray Analysis (2008)

RNA interference (RNAi) is an endogenous gene regulatory pathway that the research community has adopted to facilitate the creation of a functional map of the human genome. To achieve this, small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), short synthetic duplexes having complete homology to the intended target, are introduced into cells to silence gene expression via a posttranscriptional cleavage mechanism. While siRNAs can be designed to effectively knock down any target gene, recent studies have shown that these small molecules frequently trigger off-target effects. These unintended events can have a significant impact on experimental outcomes and subsequent data interpretation. As RNAi is envisioned to play a central role in developing a functional map of the human genome, the development of reliable protocols for identifying off-targeted genes is essential. This chapter focuses on the underlying features of siRNA-mediated off-targeting and the state-of-the-art methodology used to identify off-targeted genes via microarray-based gene expression analysis. Future adoption of standards in this field will allow a clean distinction between sequence-specific off-target gene regulation and other forms of gene modulation resulting from delivery effects and other events unrelated to the RNAi pathway.
A potent antiplatelet peptide, triflavin, from Trimeresurus flavoviridis snake venom (1991)

The interaction of fibrinogen with its receptors on platelet surfaces leads to platelet aggregation. A snake-venom peptide, trigramin, has previously been demonstrated to inhibit platelet aggregation by acting as a fibrinogen-receptor antagonist. By means of gel filtration, ionic-exchange chromatography and reverse-phase h.p.l.c., a potent platelet-aggregation inhibitor, triflavin, has now been purified from the venom of Trimeresurus flavoviridis. The purified triflavin is a single-chain polypeptide, consisting of about 71 amino acid residues with a molecular mass of 7600 Da, and its N-terminal sequence is Gly-Glu-Glu-Cys-Asp. Triflavin dose-dependently inhibited human platelet aggregation stimulated by ADP, adrenaline, collagen, thrombin or prostaglandin endoperoxide analogue U46619 in preparations of platelet-rich plasma, platelet suspension and whole blood. Its IC50 ranged from 38 to 84 nM, depending on the aggregation inducer used and the platelet preparation. However, triflavin apparently did not affect the platelet shape change and ATP-release reactions caused by these agonists. Triflavin inhibited fibrinogen-induced aggregation of human elastase-treated platelets in a dose-dependent manner, indicating that it directly interferes with the binding of fibrinogen to its receptors on platelet membranes exposed by elastase treatment. Additionally, triflavin dose-dependently blocked 125I-labelled fibrinogen binding to ADP-activated platelets. In conclusion, triflavin inhibits platelet aggregation through the blockade of fibrinogen binding to fibrinogen receptors on platelet membranes.
Silicon on insulator-an emerging high-leverage technology (1995)

Silicon on insulator (SOI) has emerged as a high-leverage technology for a wide range of commercial and military applications. While the use of SOI is presently limited to special niche applications, such as radiation-hard space and defense electronics, thin-film SOI has become strategic for low-power, battery-operated portable systems and large-scale integrated logic and memory circuits with sub-half micron features. Substantial process simplification and cost reduction result from the dielectrically isolated structures. Other important SOI applications are the merger of several functions on the same die that performs reliably in adverse high-temperature environments. These include analog and logic functions, smart micromechanical sensors for automotive and distributed jet engine control with logic functions, or smart high-voltage CMOS logic/control elements. Manufacturable solutions to several material and device problems, however, must be demonstrated before SOI CMOS or BiCMOS designs enter the high-volume commercial manufacturing stage. Among these are the availability, cost, and quality of SOI material, gettering, electrostatic discharge protection, the floating-body problem in thin-film structures, and self-heating effects caused by the low thermal conductivity of the buried-oxide layer. The status of SOI material is discussed, including the different methods used to prepare large SOI wafers, wafer availability, cost reduction strategies, material characterization, and material quality. Applications and leverage areas are also described, with emphasis on problems and challenges that lie ahead for the large-scale manufacture of SOI products. The potential economic impact of SOI technology on the profitability of semiconductor manufacturing is described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Activation of protein kinase C-?? attenuates kainate-induced cell death of cortical neurons (2005)

We investigated the role of individual protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms during kainate toxicity in cortical neurons. Treatment with 50 microM kainate induced isoform-specific activation of PKC-delta according to the translocation from the soluble to the particulate fraction, while it caused remarkable decreases in PKC alpha, beta, epsilon and zeta in both fractions. Kainate-induced neuronal death was significantly increased by pharmacological inhibition of PKC-delta with rottlerin, suggesting a protective role of PKC-delta against kainate toxicity. A PKC activator phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate remarkably attenuated the kainate-induced neuronal death. Although phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate activates PKC-epsilon and PKC-delta, the protective effect of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate was almost completely abolished by rottlerin, but not by epsilonV1-2. These results suggest that activation of PKC-delta attenuates the kainate-induced cell death of cortical neurons.
Building an effective and efficient continuous web application security program (2016)

Most of organizations today either have some kind of web application security program or trying to build/enhance. However most of these programs are not getting expected results to organization, neither long lasting nor able to deliver value in continuous and efficient manner and also unable to enhance mind set of developers to build/design secure web applications. A strong application security program involves built in security into Application Development Lifecycle (S-SDLC), developing security guidelines and standards, creating awareness and security trainings, execute effective web application security assessment, establishing meaniningful security dashboards for each stake holder from executives, directors, program managers to developers.
FISHing for chick genes: Triple‐label whole‐mount fluorescence in situ hybridization detects simultaneous and overlapping gene expression in avian embryos (2004)

Multi-color whole-mount in situ hybridization is a powerful technique for comparing the spatial expression patterns of two or more genes in developing embryos. We have developed an amplified triple-label whole-mount fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) protocol that permits detection of three different mRNAs in a single embryo. Our protocol uses simultaneous in situ hybridization to haptenylated riboprobes, followed by sequential antibody detection using anti-hapten antibodies conjugated to horseradish peroxidase, and the tyramide signal amplification (TSA) fluorescence detection system. Conventional fluorescence microscopy identifies areas of overlapping gene expression at the tissue level, whereas confocal fluorescence microscopy permits single-cell resolution and differentiates specialized cell types within a given tissue. This protocol will provide researchers engaged in the use of FISH with a solid starting point for adapting their own in situ hybridization protocols, either alone or in combination with immunohistochemistry or green fluorescence protein colocalization.
Characterization of DNA duplex unzipping through a sub-2 nm solid-state nanopore (2017)

Herein, the unzipping and translocation of DNA duplexes through a sub-2 nm silicon nitride (SiN<sub>x</sub>) solid-state nanopore have been demonstrated by well-resolved three-level blockades. In order to examine our observations, we applied a simple model which is applicable to the unzipping and translocation processes of DNA duplexes through solid-state nanopores. The generation of these highly recognizable signatures is an important step towards the real applications of solid-state nanopores in complex samples.
Apoptosis After Traumatic Brain Injury (2000)

Apoptosis of neurons and glia contribute to the overall pathology of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in both humans and animals. In both head-injured humans and following experimental brain injury, apoptotic cells have been observed alongside degenerating cells exhibiting classic necrotic morphology. Neurons undergoing apoptosis have been identified within contusions in the acute port-traumatic period, and in regions remote from the site of impact in the days and weeks after trauma. Apoptotic oligodendrocytes and astrocytes have been observed within injured white matter tracts. We review the regional and temporal patterns of apoptosis following TBI and the possible mechanisms underlying trauma-induced apoptosis. While excitatory amino acids, increases in intracellular calcium, and free radicals can all cause cells to undergo apoptosis, in vitro studies have determined that neural cells can undergo apoptosis via many other pathways. It is generally accepted that a shift in the balance between pro- and anti-apoptotic protein factors towards the expression of proteins that promote death may be one mechanism underlying apoptotic cell death. The effect of TBI on regional cellular patterns of expression of survival promoting-proteins such as Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and extracellular signal regulated kinases, and death-inducing proteins such as Bax, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, tumor-suppressor gene, p53, and the caspase family of proteases are reviewed. Finally, in light of pharmacologic strategies that have been devised to reduce the extent of apoptotic cell death in animal models of TBI, our review also considers whether apoptosis may serve a protective role in the injured brain.
5-Aryl-1,2-dihydro-5H-chromeno[3,4-f]quinolines as Potent, Orally Active, Nonsteroidal Progesterone Receptor Agonists:  The Effect of D-Ring Substituents (1998)

Several 5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,2-dihydro-5H-chromeno[3,4-f]quinolines were prepared to determine the effects of substitution at C(8) and C(9) on the progestational activity of this pharmacophore. In combination with a halogen (F or Cl) at C(9), replacement of the C(5) aryl group with variously substituted aryl groups resulted in optimization of the progestational activity, affording compounds with in vitro activity greater than that of progesterone as measured by a cotransfection assay using human progesterone receptor subtype-B (hPR-B). Binding affinities (Ki) to hPR-A were subnanomolar in many cases. These in vitro effects were verified in vivo using a rodent model. Compound 10 (LG120794, 9-chloro-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,2-dihydro-2,2,4-trimethyl-5H-chromeno++ +[3,4-f] quinoline) was more potent than medroxyprogesterone acetate at counterpoising the effects of estradiol benzoate in the uterine wet weight assay using immature rats.
Wearable Electronics and Smart Textiles: A Critical Review (2014)

Electronic Textiles (e-textiles) are fabrics that feature electronics and interconnections woven into them, presenting physical flexibility and typical size that cannot be achieved with other existing electronic manufacturing techniques. Components and interconnections are intrinsic to the fabric and thus are less visible and not susceptible of becoming tangled or snagged by surrounding objects. E-textiles can also more easily adapt to fast changes in the computational and sensing requirements of any specific application, this one representing a useful feature for power management and context awareness. The vision behind wearable computing foresees future electronic systems to be an integral part of our everyday outfits. Such electronic devices have to meet special requirements concerning wearability. Wearable systems will be characterized by their ability to automatically recognize the activity and the behavioral status of their own user as well as of the situation around her/him, and to use this information to adjust the systems' configuration and functionality. This review focuses on recent advances in the field of Smart Textiles and pays particular attention to the materials and their manufacturing process. Each technique shows advantages and disadvantages and our aim is to highlight a possible trade-off between flexibility, ergonomics, low power consumption, integration and eventually autonomy.
Opportunities and Challenges in Very High Frequency Power Conversion (2009)

THIS paper explores opportunities and challenges in power conversion in the VHF frequency range of 30-300 MHz. The scaling of magnetic component size with frequency is investigated, and it is shown that substantial miniaturization is possible with increased frequencies even considering material and heat transfer limitations. Likewise, dramatic frequency increases are possible with existing and emerging semiconductor devices, but necessitate circuit designs that either compensate for or utilize device parasitics. We outline the characteristics of topologies and control methods that can meet the requirements of VHF power conversion, and present supporting examples from power converters operating at frequencies of up to 110 MHz.
Double resonance 1-D photonic crystal cavities for single-molecule mid-infrared photothermal spectroscopy (2012)

We propose a mid-infrared spectroscopic technique capable of detecting a single small molecule without using cryogenically cooled detectors. Such record sensitivity is attained by leveraging dramatically amplified photothermal effects in a pump-probe doubly resonant cavity.
Quantitative Estimation of Insulin Sensitivity in Type 1 Diabetic Subjects Wearing a Sensor-Augmented Insulin Pump (2013)

A novel method for estimating insulin sensitivity in subjects with type 1 diabetes on sensor-augmented insulin pump therapy has been presented. This new index correlates well with the reference oral minimal model estimate of insulin sensitivity. The knowledge of patient-specific insulin sensitivity and its diurnal variation can help in optimizing insulin therapy in type 1 diabetes and could also inform next-generation closed-loop control systems.