gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cyclobenzaprine and naproxen versus naproxen alone in the treatment of acute low back pain and muscle spasm. (1990)

Two groups of 20 patients each, with mild to moderate acute low back pain with associated muscle spasm of ten days' duration or less, were treated with a combination of cyclobenzaprine and naproxen or naproxen alone in a randomized, 14-day open-label trial. Cyclobenzaprine was added to the naproxen regimen as an adjunct to rest and physical therapy for relief of muscle spasm associated with acute, painful, musculoskeletal conditions. The clinical characteristics of each study group, including the number of worker's compensation patients, were comparable. Combination therapy was associated with less objective muscle spasm and tenderness and greater motion of the lumbosacral spine (P less than 0.05). There were trends toward faster resolution of functional deficits and pain with combined therapy. Combination therapy was associated with more side effects, due primarily to drowsiness from the cyclobenzaprine. The results of this study demonstrated that patients with muscle spasm associated with acute low back strain benefited from the use of combination therapy consisting of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent (naproxen) and a muscle relaxant (cyclobenzaprine).
DSPs, BRAMs and a Pinch of Logic: New Recipes for AES on FPGAs (2008)

We present an AES cipher implementation that is based on the BlockRAM and DSP units embedded within Xilinx's Virtex-5 FPGAs. An iterative "basic" module outputs a 32 bit column of an AES round each clock cycle, with a throughput of 1.76 Gbit/s when processing two 128 bit inputs. This construct is replicated four times for a 128 bit datapath for a full AES round with 6.21 Gbit/s throughput when processing eight inputs. Finally, the "round" module is replicated ten times for a fully unrolled design that yields over 55 Gbit/s of throughput. The combination and arrangement of the specialized embedded functions available in the FPGA allows us to implement our designs using very few traditional user logic elements such as flip-flops and lookup tables, yet still achieve these high throughputs. The complete source code for these designs is made publicly available for use in further research and for replicating our results. Our contribution ends with a discussion of comparing cipher implementations in the literature, and why these comparisons can be meaningless without a common reporting style, platform, or within the context of a specific constrained application.
Stable Isotope Methods for the Study of .beta.-Carotene-d8 Metabolism in Humans Utilizing Tandem Mass Spectrometry and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (1994)

This report presents analytical methods for the isolation and quantification of all-trans-beta-carotene-d8 in human plasma following a 73 mumol oral dose. Retinol-d4 derived from beta-carotene-d8 was also determined in the same plasma. Plasma samples drawn over a 24 day period were analyzed. beta-Carotene and retinol were isolated and purified for analysis using a solid phase extraction protocol with aminopropyl-bonded silica sorbent. Ratios of beta-carotene-d8/beta-carotene were determined using reversed-phase HPLC with spectrophotometric detection, which fully resolved the isotopomers, and by tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) with electron ionization. Results obtained from MS/MS and HPLC analysis showed close agreement and demonstrated improved selectivity relative to analysis using a single mass analyzer. Retinol-d4 was converted to its tert-butyldimethylsilyl ether and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry using selected ion monitoring. The ability to resolve the beta-carotene isotopomers by HPLC makes it feasible for investigators without mass spectrometers to investigate the dynamics of absorption and metabolism of beta-carotene-d8 in humans.
NTSC and beyond (TV) (1988)

An improved NTSC standard, super NTSC, which rivals HDTV image quality is proposed. The strengths and weaknesses of the NTSC standard are reviewed, and line-structure visibility and resolution images are examined. NTSC's deficiencies, namely, cross color, cross luminance, and limited chroma bandwidth are discussed. A new encoder, the 2H encoder, is presented, and the improvements it provides are described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Active site radioimmunoassay for human urokallikrein and demonstration by radioimmunoassay of a latent form of the enzyme. (1980)

A radioimmunoassay specific for the active site in urokallikrein has been developed with a monospecific antibody that neutralizes the enzymatic activities of urokallikrein and a radioligand purified so as to maintain the active site. In order to favor the involvement of the antibody with high affinity for the active site in the competition between urokallikrein in biological fluids and radiolabeled urokallikrein, the radioligand was separated from denatured radiolabeled urokallikrein by affinity chromatography for the active site. The concentration of specific IgG used in the assay bound approximately 80% of the radioligand, which was displaced in a dose-related fashion by 0.2 to 2.5 ng of the unlabeled urokallikrein. When random urine samples from 21 healthy volunteers were assessed for endogenous urokallikrein by both active site radioimmunoassay and kinin generation, there was a linear relationship between the results of the two assays with a correlation coefficient of 0.89. A combined correlation plot of the results of the bioassay and the active site radioimmunoassay for the 21 urine samples before and after trypsin activation gave a linear regression line with a correlation coefficient of 0.91. The finding that trypsin activation increased the urokallikrein concentration of urine to a similar extent in both the radioimmunoassay and the bioassay means that latent urokallikrein was not detected until its active site was uncovered.
Assessing selection methods in the context of multi-atlas based segmentation (2010)

In atlas-based segmentation, using one single atlas for segmenting all patients introduces a bias. Multi-atlas techniques overcome this drawback by selecting and fusing the most appropriate atlases among a database for a given patient. Globally assessing different multi-atlas strategies provides a biased evaluation of the atlas selection methods. To address this problem, we propose to evaluate atlas selection methods independently from the number of atlases selected and from the atlas fusion step. Briefly, we first cluster the selection methods on the basis of rank correlation and then assess each sub-group of methods with respect to a sub-group of reference selection methods. We apply our method to 105 images of the head and neck region.
Massive programmed cell death in intestinal epithelial cells induced by three-dimensional growth conditions: suppression by mutant c-H-ras oncogene expression. (1995)

Deregulation of molecular pathways controlling cell survival and death, including programmed cell death, are thought to be important factors in tumor formation, disease progression, and response to therapy. Studies devoted to analyzing the role of programmed cell death in cancer have been carried out primarily using conventional monolayer cell culture systems. However the majority of cancers grow as three-dimensional solid tumors. Because gene expression, and possibly function, can be significantly altered under such conditions, we decided to analyze the control and characteristics of cell death using a compatible three-dimensional tissue culture system (multicellular spheroids) and compare the results obtained to those using two-dimensional monolayer cell culture. To do so we selected for study an immortalized, but nontumorigenic line of rat intestinal epithelial cells, called IEC-18, and several tumorigenic variants of IEC-18 obtained by transfection with a mutant (activated) c-H-ras oncogene. The rationale for choosing these cell lines was based in part on the fact that intestinal epithelial cells grow in vivo in a monolayer-like manner and form solid tumors only after sustaining certain genetic mutations, including those involving the ras gene family. We found that the IEC-18 cells, which grow readily and survive in monolayer cell culture, undergo massive cell death within 48-72 h when cultured as multicellular spheroids on a nonadhesive surface. This process was accompanied by a number of features associated with programmed cell death including chromatin condensation (Hoechst 33258 staining) apoptotic morphology, DNA degradation, and a virtual complete loss of colony forming (clonogenic) ability in the absence of apparent membrane damage as well as accumulation of lipid containing vacuoles in the cytoplasm. Moreover, enforced over-expression of a transfected bcl-2 gene could prevent this cell death process from taking place. In marked contrast, three different stably transfected ras clones of IEC-18 survived when grown as multicellular spheroids. In addition, an IEC cell line (called clone 25) carrying its mutant transfected ras under a glucocorticoid inducible promoter survived in three-dimensional culture only when the cells were exposed to dexamethasone. If exposure to dexamethasone was delayed for as long as 48 h the cells nevertheless survived, whereas the cells became irreversibly committed to programmed cell death (PCD) if exposed to dexamethasone after 72 h. These results suggest that intestinal epithelial cells may be programmed to activate a PCD pathway upon detachment from a physiologic two-dimensional monolayer configuration, and that this process of adhesion regulated programmed cell death (ARPCD) can be substantially suppressed by expression of a mutant ras oncogene.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Regulation of gap junctions by protein phosphorylation (1998)

Gap junctions are constituted by intercellular channels and provide a pathway for transfer of ions and small molecules between adjacent cells of most tissues. The degree of intercellular coupling mediated by gap junctions depends on the number of gap junction channels and their activity may be a function of the state of phosphorylation of connexins, the structural subunit of gap junction channels. Protein phosphorylation has been proposed to control intercellular gap junctional communication at several steps from gene expression to protein degradation, including translational and post-translational modification of connexins (i.e., phosphorylation of the assembled channel acting as a gating mechanism) and assembly into and removal from the plasma membrane. Several connexins contain sites for phosphorylation for more than one protein kinase. These consensus sites vary between connexins and have been preferentially identified in the C-terminus. Changes in intercellular communication mediated by protein phosphorylation are believed to control various physiological tissue and cell functions as well as to be altered under pathological conditions.
THE DETECTION OF ATROPINE and ITS DEGRADATION PRODUCTS BY THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY (1977)

A thin-layer chromatographic method is described for the separation of atropine from its degradation products on silica gel HF2s4, with acetone-7.5%v/v ammonium hydroxide (9:1) as the solvent for development. Atropic acid and tropic acid are detected as magenta spots by examination under screened ultraviolet radiation at 254 nm. After the plate has been sprayed with potassium iodobismuthate solution, tropine is detected as a deep purple spot whereas atropine and apoatropine form orange spots on a very pale orange background. The method is simple, rapid and of potential value in quality-assurance laboratories of hospital pharmacies as a limit test for degradation products of atropine.
Inhibition of gelatinolytic activity in tumor tissues by synthetic matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor: application of film in situ zymography. (2000)

Inhibition of gelatinolytic activity in implanted tumor tissues by oral administration of N-biphenyl sulfonyl-phenylalanine hydroxamic acid (BPHA), a selective matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor, was demonstrated by means of film in situ zymography (FIZ). Active-MMP-2 but not pro-MMP-2 showed gelatinolytic activity in FIZ, whereas both forms of MMP-2 were found to be active in conventional zymography. A mixture of either tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-2 or BPHA with active-MMP-2 resulted in inhibition of gelatinolytic activity in FIZ but not in zymography. Thus, FIZ, but not zymography, could detect net MMP activity in tumor tissues. When a specimen from Ma44 human lung cancer xenograft was subjected to FIZ, gelatinolytic activity was markedly detected with precise localization in the tumor tissues. The gelatinolytic activity detected in Ma44 tumor tissues was found to be mainly derived from MMPs because the gelatin-degrading activity was inhibited by pretreatment of the tumor specimen with MMP inhibitors. Oral administration of BPHA but not (-)BPHA, an enantiomer of BPHA lacking MMP inhibitory activity, successfully inhibited the MMP activity localized in Ma44 tumor tissues in both a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. The data presented in this report showed for the first time that oral administration of synthetic MMP inhibitor could inhibit the net activity of MMP activity in tumor tissues, suggesting the usefulness of the FIZ technique for determining the effective dose of MMP inhibitor in clinical studies.
Hydrogen Peroxide and Iron: A Proposed System for Decomposition of Wood by Brown-rot Basidiomycetes (1974)

Low concentrations of H 2 O 2 and Fe ++ caused rapid weight loss of wood of sweetgum and loblolly pine. The degree of polymerization of cellulose in treated woods decreased rapidly at low weight loss and then diminished gradually. The alkali solubility of exposed woods increased rapidly at low weight loss and was inversely related to the degree of polymerization. The H 2 O 2 -Fe system solubilized hemicelluloses of both woods more readily than cellulose. Lignin of sweetgum, but not pine, was changed so that it was solubilized by strong acid hydrolysis. The optimal pH for weight loss was about 3.3 for sweetgum and 3.0 for pine. Wood of both species absorbed much of the available Fe from solution. The literature suggests that brown-rot is oxidative rather than being strictly hydrolytic. The H 2 O 2 -Fe ++ system oxidizes cotton cellulose, and it essentially reproduced in wood and wood cellulose, characteristics of brown-rot basidiomycetes. These fungi produce H 2 O 2 from native substrates in wood (Koenigs, 1974) and the optimal pH for degradation. Thus, it is proposed that these fungi may attack cellulose and partly decay wood via an H 2 O 2 -Fe ++ system.
Synthesis, characterization, and aqueous proton relaxation enhancement of a manganese(II) heptaaza macrocyclic complex having pendant arms (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis, characterization, and aqueous proton relaxation enhancement of a manganese(II) heptaaza macrocyclic complex having pendant armsBianke K. Wagnon and Susan C. JackelsCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1989, 28, 10, 1923–1927Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00309a030https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00309a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views490Altmetric-Citations44LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Secure & privacy-preserving eID systems with Attribute-Based Credentials (2014)

National electronic identification (eID) systems aim to provide universal, unique and reliable identification and authentication mechanisms to the citizens. As the ID documents are the carriers of a citizen's identity and personal data, the outgoing information from the cards
must be restricted in order to prevent unwanted data disclosure, subsequent data misuse and loss of the citizen's privacy. The German eID system (nPA) is by-far the most advanced and privacy-preserving eID solution that has been launched in Europe as it has taken extra measures to protect its citizen's data and privacy; however some security and privacy threats persist in nPA. 
In this thesis, we study the key concepts and security protocols used in nPA and identify its main threats. Furthermore, we explore Attribute-Based Credentials (ABC) by studying in detail about I Reveal My Attributes (IRMA), that is a recent technology built upon the principles on ABC. IRMA is a partial implementation of Idemix specification and it mainly focusses on enhancing security and privacy of identity management systems. IRMA makes use of zero-knowledge protocols to prove the validity of certain attributes of the eID cardholder while allowing the selective disclosure of attributes and supporting unlinkability features.
We elaborate on the advantages of such ABCs that could be used to address the threats identfied in nPA and propose a specfic scheme that integrates IRMA authentication
with nPA. Our proposal shows how to use IRMA in eID systems like nPA in order to overcome the its prevalent shortcomings. The IRMA authentication provides better privacy, security and flexibility for the eID infrastructure. Finally, we discuss the performance of smart-card implementation of IRMA credentials and present some use-cases that would benefit from the proposed eID scheme.
Editor's Introduction (1981)

The search for Soviet Russian literature that reflects native traditions and regional diversity within the multinational school system of the USSR is very difficult. The assumption may be made that in a country spanning one-sixth of the earth's surface and made up of fifteen federated republics and countless national and ethnic minorities there is an almost infinite variety of educational styles and cultures. Yet Soviet publications convey an overwhelming impression of uniformity, or more accurately, attempted uniformity.
ChemInform Abstract: A Note on the Use of Porous Silver Silicates as Promoter in Carbohydrate Coupling Reactions. (1988)

Abstract Different insoluble silver‐salt promoters show different activity in the title reaction of the compounds (I) and (II) but do not influence the α/β ratio of the products (III).
Phase 1b Study of Motesanib, an Oral Angiogenesis Inhibitor, in Combination with Carboplatin/Paclitaxel and/or Panitumumab for the Treatment of Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer (2009)

Treatment with motesanib was tolerable when combined with carboplatin/paclitaxel and/or panitumumab, with little effect on motesanib pharmacokinetics at the 125-mg once daily dose level. This dose is being investigated in an ongoing phase 3 study in NSCLC.
Dynamic Equilibrium of B7-1 Dimers and Monomers Differentially Affects Immunological Synapse Formation and T Cell Activation in Response to TCR/CD28 Stimulation (2010)

Under steady-state conditions, B7-1 is present as a mixed population of noncovalent dimers and monomers on the cell surface. In this study, we examined the physiological significance of this unique dimer-monomer equilibrium state of B7-1. We demonstrate that altering B7-1 to create a uniformly covalent dimeric state results in enhanced CD28-mediated formation of T cell-APC conjugates. The enhanced T cell-APC conjugate formation correlates with persistent concentration of signaling molecules PKC- and lck at the immunological synapse. In contrast, T cell acquisition of B7-1 from APCs, an event that occurs as a consequence of CD28 engagement with B7-1/B7-2 and is thought to play a role in the dissociation of T cell-APC conjugates, is highly reduced when B7-1 is present in the covalently dimeric state. The ability of covalently dimeric and wild type B7-1 to costimulate Ag-specific T cell proliferation was also assessed. In contrast to the enhanced ability of dimeric B7-1 to support conjugate formation and early parameters of T cell signaling, sensitivity to competitive inhibition by soluble CTLA-4-Ig indicated that the covalent dimeric form of B7-1 is less efficient in costimulating T cell proliferation. These findings suggest a novel model in which optimal T cell costimulatory function of B7-1 requires high-avidity CD28 engagement by dimeric B7-1, followed by dissociation of these noncovalent B7-1 dimers, facilitating downregulation of CD28 and internalization of B7-1. These events regulate signaling through TCR/CD28 to maximize T cell activation to proliferation.
Lane Detection and Classification for Forward Collision Warning System Based on Stereo Vision (2018)

This paper presents a lightweight stereo vision-based driving lane detection and classification system to achieve the ego-car's lateral positioning and forward collision warning to aid advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS). For lane detection, we design a self-adaptive traffic lanes model in Hough Space with a maximum likelihood angle and dynamic pole detection region of interests (ROIs), which is robust to road bumpiness, lane structure changing while the ego-car's driving and interferential markings on the ground. What's more, this model can be improved with geographic information system or electronic map to achieve more accurate results. Besides, the 3-D information acquired by stereo matching is used to generate an obstacle mask to reduce irrelevant objects' interfere and detect forward collision distance. For lane classification, a convolutional neural network is trained by using manually labeled ROI from KITTI data set to classify the left/right-side line of host lane so that we can provide significant information for lane changing strategy making in ADAS. Quantitative experimental evaluation shows good true positive rate on lane detection and classification with a real-time (15Hz) working speed. Experimental results also demonstrate a certain level of system robustness on variation of the environment.
Harmonic current-phase relation in Nb–Al-based superconductor/insulator/normal conductor/insulator/superconductor-type Josephson junctions between 4.2 K and the critical temperature (2000)

For a study of the supercurrent–phase relationship, we have fabricated Nb/Al/AlOx/Al/AlOx/Al/Nb-based Josephson junctions of low critical current density. At 4.2 K, junctions of a nominal area of 10×10 μm2 showed a nonhysteretic dc current–voltage characteristic with a critical current of about 10 μA. Similar junctions were part of washer-type rf superconductor quantum interference devices. These samples were inductively coupled to high-quality tank circuits for measurements at 4.2 K or at higher temperatures up to values close to the critical temperature of niobium. In this range, the current–phase relation, as deduced from impedance measurements of the phase-biased junction, did not deviate significantly from the sinusoidal shape.