gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development and Turbine Engine Performance of Three Advanced Rhenium Containing Superalloys for Single Crystal and Directionally Solidified Blades and Vanes (1998)

Turbine inlet temperatures over the next few years will approach 1650°C (3000°F) at maximum power for the latest large commercial turbofan engines, resulting in high fuel efficiency and thrust levels approaching 445 KN (100,000 lbs.). High reliability and durability must be intrinsically designed into these turbine engines to meet operating economic targets and ETOPS certification requirements. This level of performance has been brought about by a combination of advances in air cooling for turbine blades and vanes, design technology for stresses and airflow, single crystal and directionally solidified casting process improvements, and the development and use of rhenium (Re) containing high γ′ volume fraction nickel-base superalloys with advanced coatings, including full-airfoil ceramic thermal barrier coatings. Re additions to cast airfoil superalloys not only improves creep and thermo-mechanical fatigue strength, but also environmental properties including coating performance. Re dramatically slows down diffusion in these alloys at high operating temperatures. A team approach has been used to develop a family of two nickel-base single crystal alloys (CMSX-4® containing 3 percent Re and CMSX®-10 containing 6 percent Re) and a directionally solidified, columnar grain nickel-base alloy (CM 186 LC® containing 3 percent Re) for a variety of turbine engine applications. A range of critical properties of these alloys is reviewed in relation to turbine component engineering performance through engine certification testing and service experience. Industrial turbines are now commencing to use this aero developed turbine technology in both small and large frame units in addition to aero-derivative industrial engines. These applications are demanding, with high reliability required for turbine airfoils out to 25,000 hours, with perhaps greater than 50 percent of the time spent at maximum power. Combined cycle efficiencies of large frame industrial engines are scheduled to reach 60 percent in the U. S. ATS programme. Application experience to a total 1.3 million engine hours and 28,000 hours individual blade set service for CMSX-4 first stage turbine blades is reviewed for a small frame industrial engine.
BAF and FI-BAF (2012)

Audit logs are an integral part of modern computer systems due to their forensic value. Protecting audit logs on a physically unprotected machine in hostile environments is a challenging task, especially in the presence of active adversaries. It is critical for such a system to have forward security and append-only properties such that when an adversary compromises a logging machine, she cannot forge or selectively delete the log entries accumulated before the compromise. Existing public-key-based secure logging schemes are computationally costly. Existing symmetric secure logging schemes are not publicly verifiable and open to certain attacks. In this article, we develop a new forward-secure and aggregate signature scheme called Blind-Aggregate-Forward (BAF) , which is suitable for secure logging in resource-constrained systems. BAF is the only cryptographic secure logging scheme that can produce publicly verifiable, forward-secure and aggregate signatures with low computation, key/signature storage, and signature communication overheads for the loggers, without requiring any online trusted third party support . A simple variant of BAF also allows a fine-grained verification of log entries without compromising the security or computational efficiency of BAF. We prove that our schemes are secure in Random Oracle Model (ROM). We also show that they are significantly more efficient than all the previous publicly verifiable cryptographic secure logging schemes.
Pyogenic Granuloma: A Retrospective Analysis of Cases Treated Over a 10-Year (2017)

We concluded that most common site of PG was the face, the age of female with PG is higher than previous studies, and finger is associated with trauma more than other sites. The most recent epidemiological information on PG of this study will support the treatment and diagnosis of PG and future research objectives.
Food-leading the way (AIFST) and dairy products in human health and nutrition (2003)

Professor Bruce German, from the University of California and Nestle Research Centre Switzerland, presented two keynote addresses. Professor German explained how milk delivers a myriad of food ingredients that provide health benefits. He argued that milk was designed through selective Darwinian evolutionary pressure to provide benefits to health and improve the competitive success of the offspring. This is now being recognised through the development of strategies to promote health using milk, such as stimulating beneficial microflora, enhancing the absorption of nutrients, and educating the immune system to the presence of potential pathogens. It is interesting to note that in Europe, dairy products account for approximately 60% of all functional food products on the market. In fact, the endeavour to uncover functional food ingredients was taken up by Professor German in his second address on the implications of genomics for food and nutrition.
Functionalizable Polycyclic Aromatics through Oxidative Cyclization of Pendant Thiophenes (2002)

We present a general strategy for obtaining large sulfur-containing polycyclic aromatics from thienyl precursors through iron(III) chloride mediated oxidative cyclizations. By placing thienyl moieties in close proximity to adjacent arenes, we have directed the oxidized intermediates into controlled cyclization pathways, effectively suppressing polymer formation. Utilizing these cyclized compounds and their thienyl precursors, we have studied cyclization/polymerization pathways of polymers such as poly(2). The unsubstituted positions alpha to the sulfur atoms within these aromatic cores allowed for efficient halogenation and further functionalization. As a demonstration, we prepared a series of arylene-ethynylene polymers with varying degrees of chromophore aromatization and used them to probe the effects of synthetically imposed rigidity on polymer photophysical behavior. The symmetries and effective conjugation pathways within the monomers play a key role in determining photophysical properties. We observed that rigid, aromatized chromophores generally led to increased excited-state lifetimes by decreasing radiative rates of fluorescence decay.
Flyboost power factor correction cell and its applications in single-stage AC-DC converters (2003)

A novel power factor correction (PFC) cell with direct-power-transfer (DPT) concept, called flyboost, is presented. This PFC cell combines power transfer characteristics of conventional flyback and boost topologies. Based on the proposed flyboost PFC cell, a new family of single-stage (S/sup 2/) topologies is derived, and an example converter is experimentally verified with a 150 W/28 V prototype. While still achieving high power factor (above 0.97) and tight output regulation. The flyboost PFC cell helps improve the converter's efficiency by 3-5% over conventional converters.
Queue pair IP (2002)

We propose a SAN architecture called Queue Pair IP (QPIP) that combines the interface from industry proposals for low overhead, high bandwidth networks, e.g. Infiniband, with the well established inter-network protocol suite. We evaluate how effectively the queue pair abstraction enables inter-network protocol offload. We develop a prototype QPIP system that implements basic queue pair operations over a subset of TCP, UDP and IPv6 protocols using a programmable network adapter. We assess this prototype, in terms of basic application performance, underlying processing costs, and a network storage application. With modest hardware support, QPIP can perform as well as traditional inter-network protocol implementations at a fraction of the host CPU overhead. With hardware support equivalent to Infiniband, QPIP would achieve similar performance targets.
An AMC-based 802.11a/b antenna for laptop computers (2004)

A dual band 802.11a/b antenna system fabricated on two separate artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) substrates is described. This low profile antenna, which is 3.4 mm in thickness and 12 mm in width, is mounted onto the metal housing above a laptop screen. In each band, the antenna system has a peak gain at the horizon of at least 2 dBi and has -5 dBi or greater gain over 80% of the horizon azimuth angles.
Repulsive Guidance Molecule a (RGMa) Induces Neuropathological and Behavioral Changes That Closely Resemble Parkinson's Disease (2017)

Repulsive guidance molecule member a (RGMa) is a membrane-associated or released guidance molecule that is involved in axon guidance, cell patterning, and cell survival. In our previous work, we showed that RGMa is significantly upregulated in the substantia nigra of patients with Parkinson's disease. Here we demonstrate the expression of RGMa in midbrain human dopaminergic (DA) neurons. To investigate whether RGMa might model aspects of the neuropathology of Parkinson's disease in mouse, we targeted RGMa to adult midbrain dopaminergic neurons using adeno-associated viral vectors. Overexpression of RGMa resulted in a progressive movement disorder, including motor coordination and imbalance, which is typical for a loss of DA release in the striatum. In line with this, RGMa induced selective degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) and affected the integrity of the nigrostriatal system. The degeneration of dopaminergic neurons was accompanied by a strong microglia and astrocyte activation. The behavioral, molecular, and anatomical changes induced by RGMa in mice are remarkably similar to the clinical and neuropathological hallmarks of Parkinson's disease. Our data indicate that dysregulation of RGMa plays an important role in the pathology of Parkinson's disease, and antibody-mediated functional interference with RGMa may be a disease modifying treatment option.<b>SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT</b> Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by severe motor dysfunction due to progressive degeneration of mesencephalic dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra. To date, there is no regenerative treatment available. We previously showed that repulsive guidance molecule member a (RGMa) is upregulated in the substantia nigra of PD patients. Adeno-associated virus-mediated targeting of RGMa to mouse DA neurons showed that overexpression of this repulsive axon guidance and cell patterning cue models the behavioral and neuropathological characteristics of PD in a remarkable way. These findings have implications for therapy development as interfering with the function of this specific axon guidance cue may be beneficial to the survival of DA neurons.
Nasal Provocation with Bradykinin Induces Symptoms of Rhinitis and a Sore Throat (1988)

Kinins are generated in nasal secretions during allergic reactions and during induced rhinovirus colds. To determine if kinins may contribute to the symptomatology of these inflammatory reactions, 8 subjects were challenged with increasing doses of bradykinin or with placebo. Levels of albumin, histamine, and N-alpha-tosyl-L-arginine methyl ester (TAME)-esterase were measured in nasal lavages, and symptom scores were noted. No symptoms or increases in mediators or protein were observed after placebo challenge. Symptom scores increased in a dose-dependent manner, however, in response to bradykinin challenge. Increased symptoms were associated with significant increases in albumin and TAME-esterase activity, but no increases in histamine were observed. Nasal conductance measurements confirmed that bradykinin induces dose-dependent unilateral obstruction in the challenged nostril. Other common symptoms were rhinorrhea and, of particular relevance to rhinovirus infections, a persistent sore throat. We conclude that bradykinin causes increased vascular permeability and rhinitis, which are independent of mast cell mediator release. Kinins may, therefore, contribute to the symptomatology of inflammatory reactions of the upper airways, including the common cold.
Patterned Co‐Culture of Primary Hepatocytes and Fibroblasts Using Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Templates (2007)

This paper describes the formation of patterned cell co-cultures using the layer-by-layer deposition of synthetic ionic polymers and without the aid of adhesive proteins/ligands such as collagen or fibronectin. In this study, we used synthetic polymers, namely poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDAC) and sulfonated polystyrene (SPS) as the polycation and polyanion, respectively, to build the multilayer films. We formed SPS patterns on polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) surfaces either by microcontact printing PDAC onto SPS surfaces or vice-versa. To create patterned co-cultures on PEMs, we capitalize on the preferential attachment and spreading of primary hepatocytes on SPS as opposed to PDAC surfaces. In contrast, fibroblasts readily attached to both PDAC and SPS surfaces, and as a result, we were able to obtain patterned co-cultures of fibroblast and primary hepatocytes on synthetic PEM surfaces. We characterized the morphology and hepatic-specific functions of the patterned cell co-cultures with microscopy and biochemical assays. Our results suggest an alternative approach to fabricating controlled co-cultures with specified cell-cell and cell-surface interactions; this approach provides flexibility in designing cell-specific surfaces for tissue engineering applications.
MicroRNA-21 Targets Sprouty2 and Promotes Cellular Outgrowths (2008)

The posttranscriptional regulator, microRNA-21 (miR-21), is up-regulated in many forms of cancer, as well as during cardiac hypertrophic growth. To understand its role, we overexpressed it in cardiocytes where it revealed a unique type of cell-to-cell "linker" in the form of long slender outgrowths and branches. We subsequently confirmed that miR-21 directly targets and down-regulates the expression of Sprouty2 (SPRY2), an inhibitor of branching morphogenesis and neurite outgrowths. We found that beta-adrenergic receptor (betaAR) stimulation induces up-regulation of miR-21 and down-regulation of SPRY2 and is, likewise, associated with connecting cell branches. Knockdown of SPRY2 reproduced the branching morphology in cardiocytes, and vice versa, knockdown of miR-21 using a specific 'miRNA eraser' or overexpression of SPRY2 inhibited betaAR-induced cellular outgrowths. These structures enclose sarcomeres and connect adjacent cardiocytes through functional gap junctions. To determine how this aspect of miR-21 function translates in cancer cells, we knocked it down in colon cancer SW480 cells. This resulted in disappearance of their microvillus-like protrusions accompanied by SPRY2-dependent inhibition of cell migration. Thus, we propose that an increase in miR-21 enhances the formation of various types of cellular protrusions through directly targeting and down-regulating SPRY2.
Look Closer to See Better: Recurrent Attention Convolutional Neural Network for Fine-Grained Image Recognition (2017)

Recognizing fine-grained categories (e.g., bird species) is difficult due to the challenges of discriminative region localization and fine-grained feature learning. Existing approaches predominantly solve these challenges independently, while neglecting the fact that region detection and fine-grained feature learning are mutually correlated and thus can reinforce each other. In this paper, we propose a novel recurrent attention convolutional neural network (RA-CNN) which recursively learns discriminative region attention and region-based feature representation at multiple scales in a mutual reinforced way. The learning at each scale consists of a classification sub-network and an attention proposal sub-network (APN). The APN starts from full images, and iteratively generates region attention from coarse to fine by taking previous prediction as a reference, while the finer scale network takes as input an amplified attended region from previous scale in a recurrent way. The proposed RA-CNN is optimized by an intra-scale classification loss and an inter-scale ranking loss, to mutually learn accurate region attention and fine-grained representation. RA-CNN does not need bounding box/part annotations and can be trained end-to-end. We conduct comprehensive experiments and show that RA-CNN achieves the best performance in three fine-grained tasks, with relative accuracy gains of 3.3%, 3.7%, 3.8%, on CUB Birds, Stanford Dogs and Stanford Cars, respectively.
Optimum design of yokeless permanent magnets (1990)

This paper discusses the selection of the design parameters and the optimum geometry of yokeless permanent magnets that generate a uniform field H0 within an arbitrary closed cavity. The optimum design minimizes the volume of magnetic material and it is determined by the geometry of the cavity, the magnitude of intensity H0, and a characteristic point F that controls the configuration of the magnetostatic potential as well as the flux of the magnetic induction. The optimization procedure is applied to a two-dimensional magnet with a quadrilateral cross section.
Wood density and vessel traits as distinct correlates of ecological strategy in 51 California coast range angiosperms (2006)

Wood density and vessel characteristics are functionally interrelated, yet they may have distinct ecological associations. In a comparative study of 51 angiosperm species ranging from chaparral shrubs to riparian trees, we examined relationships among wood density and vessel traits and their ecological correlates. Mean vessel lumen area and vessel density (number mm(-2)) varied widely (7- to 10-fold). In multivariate analyses, both vessel traits were negatively correlated with wood density, which varied more narrowly (< 2-fold). Vessel density and lumen area were inversely related across species, allowing a broad range of vessel traits within a narrow range of wood density. Phylogenetic independent contrasts indicated correlated inverse evolutionary change in vessel traits. Each trait had a distinct pattern of ecological correlation -- wood density was most strongly associated with soil water, and vessel traits showed contrasting relationships with plant height. Within a narrow range of wood density, there was significant variation in vessel traits. Given their particular ecological associations, the results suggest that wood density and vessel traits describe two distinct ecological axes.
Low temperature diffusivity for aluminum and silver in amorphous silicon (1988)

The authors present experimental results which determine the diffusivities for aluminum and silver in amorphous silicon using segments cut from test coupons and a fabricated module. The data extend those found in the literature to a temperature range of 50 degrees C-300 degrees C. This study has been motivated in part by the rapid degradation of a-Si module performance. This degradation is known to be attributable to the generation of light-induced effects, but it has also been noted that aluminum diffuses into the n/sup +/-i barrier and thereby decreases its contribution to the generated potential. The results agree with the relative order of magnitude of previously published work on aluminum over the temperature range of these data. The activation energy differs significantly. For the temperature range cited above, the aluminum diffusivity varies from 10/sup -19/ to 10/sup -14/ cm/sup 2//s and that for silver varies from 10/sup -18/ to 10/sup -16/ cm/sup 2//s. The activation energies are calculated to be E/sub a/(Al)=0.73 eV and E/sub a/(Ag)=0.33 eV. These values affect module life significantly.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Memory switching in amorphous silicon-rich siliconcarbide (1999)

Memory switching has been observed in simple metal-semiconductor-metal structures containing lightly doped amorphous silicon carbide. In common with switching in other disordered materials, a forming process was used to initiate the switching process. A range of switching effects were found but a particularly interesting transition could be explained by a change in the number of charged defect states in a defect band and the current flowing through them via the Poole-Frenkel effect.
The 2011 Nucleic Acids Research Database Issue and the online Molecular Biology Database Collection (2010)

The current 18th Database Issue of Nucleic Acids Research features descriptions of 96 new and 83 updated online databases covering various areas of molecular biology. It includes two editorials, one that discusses COMBREX, a new exciting project aimed at figuring out the functions of the 'conserved hypothetical' proteins, and one concerning BioDBcore, a proposed description of the 'minimal information about a biological database'. Papers from the members of the International Nucleotide Sequence Database collaboration (INSDC) describe each of the participating databases, DDBJ, ENA and GenBank, principles of data exchange within the collaboration, and the recently established Sequence Read Archive. A testament to the longevity of databases, this issue includes updates on the RNA modification database, Definition of Secondary Structure of Proteins (DSSP) and Homology-derived Secondary Structure of Proteins (HSSP) databases, which have not been featured here in >12 years. There is also a block of papers describing recent progress in protein structure databases, such as Protein DataBank (PDB), PDB in Europe (PDBe), CATH, SUPERFAMILY and others, as well as databases on protein structure modeling, protein-protein interactions and the organization of inter-protein contact sites. Other highlights include updates of the popular gene expression databases, GEO and ArrayExpress, several cancer gene databases and a detailed description of the UK PubMed Central project. The Nucleic Acids Research online Database Collection, available at: http://www.oxfordjournals.org/nar/database/a/, now lists 1330 carefully selected molecular biology databases. The full content of the Database Issue is freely available online at the Nucleic Acids Research web site (http://nar.oxfordjournals.org/).
COMBINATORIAL CHEMISTRY (2002)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTCOMBINATORIAL CHEMISTRYAdvances in synthesis, purification, and analysis further refine the combinatorial approach, now a mainstream tool in drug discoverySTU BORMANView Author Information C&EN WASHINGTONCite this: Chem. Eng. News 2002, 80, 45, 43–57Publication Date (Print):November 11, 2002Publication History Published online13 November 2010Published inissue 11 November 2002https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v080n045.p043https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v080n045.p043newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 2002 American Chemical SocietyArticle Views19Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Combinatorial chemistry Get e-Alerts