gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SGLT as a therapeutic target (2004)

The expression of the sodium/glucose cotransporter (SGLT), a membrane protein, is limited to renal tubules and the intestinal basolateral membrane. A classic competitive inhibitor of SGLT, phlorizin, given by injection reportedly exerts a hypoglycemic effect in diabetic rodents via induction of glycosuria. Unlike phlorizin, the recently developed phlorizin derivative T-1095 is effectively absorbed in the gut and enters the circulation after oral administration. Similar to injected phlorizin, orally administered T-1095 lowers blood glucose in diabetic animals by enhancing urinary glucose excretion via suppression of renal SGLT function. In addition to this acute hypoglycemic action, chronic T-1095 treat( ment induces other effects favoring the restoration of impaired insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells and normalization of hyperglycemia-induced insulin resistance in muscle and liver. In addition, it is possible that correcting hyperglycemia with this SGLT Inhibitor may contribute to the prevention and treatment of diabetic complications. Thus, oral SGLT inhibitors are a promising new class of antidiabetic drugs.
Hypoxia facilitates Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis by up-regulating <i>BACE1</i> gene expression (2006)

The molecular mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of the majority of cases of sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD) is unknown. A history of stroke was found to be associated with development of some AD cases, especially in the presence of vascular risk factors. Reduced cerebral perfusion is a common vascular component among AD risk factors, and hypoxia is a direct consequence of hypoperfusion. Previously we showed that expression of the beta-site beta-amyloid precursor protein (APP) cleavage enzyme 1 (BACE1) gene BACE1 is tightly controlled at both the transcriptional and translational levels and that increased BACE1 maturation contributes to the AD pathogenesis in Down's syndrome. Here we have identified a functional hypoxia-responsive element in the BACE1 gene promoter. Hypoxia up-regulated beta-secretase cleavage of APP and amyloid-beta protein (Abeta) production by increasing BACE1 gene transcription and expression both in vitro and in vivo. Hypoxia treatment markedly increased Abeta deposition and neuritic plaque formation and potentiated the memory deficit in Swedish mutant APP transgenic mice. Taken together, our results clearly demonstrate that hypoxia can facilitate AD pathogenesis, and they provide a molecular mechanism linking vascular factors to AD. Our study suggests that interventions to improve cerebral perfusion may benefit AD patients.
Capillary Electrophoresis (1993)

This section of the review will discuss the topic of capillary electrophoresis (CE) in clinical analysis, although selected topics of CE in the areas of biochemical analysis will be also included. Generally, CE is the electrophoresis performed in a capillary tube. It is an analytical technique for the separation of molecules such as inorganic and organic ions, neutral compounds, amino acids, peptides, proteins, oligonucleotides, and DNA. Due to its speed, column efficiency, and selectivity, CE has become a powerful complementary technique, sometimes a better substitute, to both conventional gel electrophoresis and high-performance liquid chromatography. The continuous development of CE will certainly have great impact on modern clinical analysis. This review covers the Chemical Abstract period from January 1991 to October 1992.
Freestanding carbon nanotube specimen fabrication (2005)

Freestanding specimens are required in experiments investigating mechanical, thermal, electrical and electromechanical properties of nanotubes. We present a lithographic technique for fabricating freestanding nanotube, nanowires and nanorod specimens with their ends embedded in polymers, metals or any other material. The technique is repeatable, flexible, and addresses the issue of firm gripping of the specimens. The flexibility offered by the lithography method will enable co-fabrication of the specimens with sensors and actuators for performing a wide variety of nano-mechanical characterization.
Er:YAG Laser Treatment of Intractable Plantar Keratosis (IPK) (2013)

Intractable Plantar Keratosis (IPK), caused by an accumulation of dead skin cells that harden and thicken over an area of the foot, is a very unpleasant and painful condition normally found on the ball-ofthe-foot, the heel, and/or the inside of the big toe. Currently available treatment options for IPK are associated with different limitations and side effects, so there is a great need for novel less invasive therapies. In this current study we wanted to elucidate the efficacy of ablative laser treatment with Er:YAG laser for intractable plantar keratosis. 43 patients with one or more plantar keratosis were treated with 2940 nm Er:YAG laser. All corn seed tissue was precisely removed by laser ablation to prevent recurrences. Follow-ups were made 5, 14, 30 and 90 days and 1 year after the treatment. During the healing time, which lasted approximately 3 weeks, most of the patients didn’t report any pain and none took any analgesics. From our study we can concluded that Er:YAG laser therapy is an efficacious and safe method for treatment of IPK. In comparison with other available therapies, laser treatment of IPK is minimally invasive and enables clearing of all callus tissue, preventing recurrences. IPK treatment with Er:YAG laser presents a great solution for patients with quick healing, no post-operative pain and no scars observed.
High-Performance FinFET with Dopant-Segregated Schottky Source/Drain (2006)

High-performance CMOS-FinFET with dopant-segregated Schottky source/drain (DS-Schottky S/D) technology has been demonstrated. Thanks to the low parasitic resistance in DS-Schottky S/D, high drive current of 960 muA/mum was achieved for nFET with L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">g</sub> = 15 nm and W <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">fin</sub> =15 nm at V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">d</sub> = 1.0 V and I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">off</sub> = 100 nA/mum. Furthermore, the propagation delay time has been successfully improved down to less than 5 ps in the ring oscillator with DS-Schottky S/D CMOS-FinFET with 15 nm gate length
FAULT DETECTION BASED ON MOTOR START TRANSIENTS AND SHAFT HARMONICS MEASURED AT THE RTU ELECTRICAL SERVICE (2004)

Non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM) is accomplished by sampling voltage and current at high rates and reducing the resulting start transients or harmonic content to concise load “signatures. ” Changes in these signatures can be used to detect, and possibly diagnose, equipment and component faults associated with roof-top cooling units. NILM-based fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) is important because 1) it complements other FDD schemes that are based on thermo-fluid sensors and analyses and 2) it is minimally intrusive (one measuring point in the relatively protected confines of the control panel) and therefore inherently reliable. This paper describes changes in the power signatures of fans and compressors that were found, experimentally and theoretically, to be useful for fault detection.
How Promptly Are Inpatients Treated for Critical Laboratory Results? (1998)

Although CLRs meeting the hospital's criteria were reported promptly by the laboratory, treatment delays were still common. Results that did not meet the hospital's critical criteria but still represented serious clinical situations were more often associated with treatment delays. Difficulty communicating critical results directly to the responsible caregiver is the likely cause of some delays in treatment. New communications methods, including computer-based technologies, should be explored and tested for their potential to reduce treatment delays and improve clinical care.
Physical Therapy Recommendations for Service Members With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (2010)

Mild traumatic brain injuries (MTBIs) are of increasing concern in both the military and civilian populations as the potential long-term effects and costs of such injuries are being further recognized. Injuries from conflicts in Afghanistan and Iraq have increased public awareness and concern for TBI. The Proponency Office for Rehabilitation and Reintegration, Office of the Surgeon General, US Army tasked a team of physical and occupational therapists to assemble evidence-informed guidelines for assessment and intervention specific to MTBI. Given the paucity of specific guidelines for physical therapy related to MTBI, we focused on literature that dealt with the specific problem area or complaint of the Service member following MTBI. Recommendations, characterized as practice standards or practice options based on strength of evidence, are provided relative to patient/client education, activity intolerance, vestibular dysfunction, high-level balance dysfunction, posttraumatic headache, temporomandibular disorder, attention and dual-task performance deficits, and participation in exercise. While highlighting the need for additional research, this work can be considered a starting point and impetus for the development of evidence-based practice in physical therapy for our deserving Service members.
Informedia at TRECVID 2003: Analyzing and Searching Broadcast News Video (2018)

We submitted a number of semantic classifiers, most of which were merely trained on keyframes. We also experimented with runs of classifiers were trained exclusively on text data and relative time within the video, while a few were trained using all available multiple modalities
High dynamic range scanning technique (2009)

Measuring objects with a high variation range of surface reflectivity is challenging for any optical method: This paper addresses a high dynamic range scanning technique that can measure this type of object. It takes advantage of one merit of a phase-shifting algorithm: pixel-by-pixel phase retrieval. For each measurement, a sequence of fringe images with different exposures are taken: the brightest ones have good fringe quality in the darkest areas while the darkest ones have good fringe quality in the brightest areas. They are arranged from brighter to darker (i.e., from higher exposure to lower exposure). The final fringe images, used for phase retrieval, are produced pixel-by-pixel by choosing the brightest but unsaturated corresponding pixel from one exposure. A phase-shifting algorithm is employed to compute the phase, which can be further converted to coordinates. Our experiments demonstrate that the proposed technique can successfully measure objects with high dynamic range of surface reflectivity variation.
Antiresonant Hollow Core Fiber with Octave Spanning Bandwidth for Short Haul Data Communications (2016)

We report an effectively singlemode tubular antiresonant hollow core fiber with &gt;1000nm bandwidth and record-low loss of 25dB/km, fully connectorizable with SMF28. We demonstrate penalty-free data transmission at wavelengths of 1065, 1565 and 1963nm.
ON GEOMETRICAL EFFECTS IN MICRO-RESONATORS (2009)

The paper analyzes the nonlinear dynamic response of microresonators. A simple physical model of a single span beam axially constrained at both end, possibly with elastic constraints, is considered as representative of different common layout of microresonators. An analytical model, based on the Hamilton's principle, accounting for large displacements is presented and validated thanks to numerical finite element analyses. In order to widen the linear operation range of the device an optimal geometry of the resonator is proposed.
Hydrophobin Fusions for High-Level Transient Protein Expression and Purification in<i>Nicotiana benthamiana</i>      (2009)

Insufficient accumulation levels of recombinant proteins in plants and the lack of efficient purification methods for recovering these valuable proteins have hindered the development of plant biotechnology applications. Hydrophobins are small and surface-active proteins derived from filamentous fungi that can be easily purified by a surfactant-based aqueous two-phase system. In this study, the hydrophobin HFBI sequence from Trichoderma reesei was fused to green fluorescent protein (GFP) and transiently expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana plants by Agrobacterium tumefaciens infiltration. The HFBI fusion significantly enhanced the accumulation of GFP, with the concentration of the fusion protein reaching 51% of total soluble protein, while also delaying necrosis of the infiltrated leaves. Furthermore, the endoplasmic reticulum-targeted GFP-HFBI fusion induced the formation of large novel protein bodies. A simple and scalable surfactant-based aqueous two-phase system was optimized to recover the HFBI fusion proteins from leaf extracts. The single-step phase separation was able to selectively recover up to 91% of the GFP-HFBI up to concentrations of 10 mg mL(-1). HFBI fusions increased the expression levels of plant-made recombinant proteins while also providing a simple means for their subsequent purification. This hydrophobin fusion technology, when combined with the speed and posttranslational modification capabilities of plants, enhances the value of transient plant-based expression systems.
Sympathetic and cardiovascular actions of orexins in conscious rats (1999)

The novel hypothalamic peptides orexin-A and orexin-B are known to induce feeding behavior when administered intracerebroventricularly, but little is known about other physiological functions. The renal sympathetic nerves play important roles in the homeostasis of body fluids and the circulatory system. We examined the effects of intracerebroventricularly administered orexins on mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA), and plasma catecholamine in conscious rats. Orexin-A (0.3, 3. 0 nmol) provoked an increase in MAP (94.3 +/- 0.7 to 101.9 +/- 0.7 mmHg and 93.1 +/- 1.1 to 108.3 +/- 0.8 mmHg, respectively) and RSNA (28.0 +/- 7.0 and 57.9 +/- 12.3%, respectively). Similarly, orexin-B (0.3, 3.0 nmol) increased MAP (93.9 +/- 0.9 to 97.9 +/- 0.9 mmHg and 94.5 +/- 1.1 to 105.3 +/- 1.7 mmHg, respectively). Orexin-A and -B at 3.0 nmol also increased HR. In other conscious rats, a high dose of orexin-A and -B increased plasma norepinephrine. Plasma epinephrine only increased with a high dose of orexin-A. These results indicate that central orexins regulate sympathetic nerve activity and affect cardiovascular functions.
Physical and Chemical Data. (2016)

Basic Concepts and Principles in Automation Technology. Primary Milk Production. Liquid Milk. Concentrated and Dried Products. High Milkfat Products. Yogurt and Other Fermented Milks. Cheddar and Related Cheese Varieties. Semi-Hard Cheeses. Pasta Filata Cheeses. Soft, Fresh Cheeses. Soft, Fresh, and Mould Ripened Cheeses. Processed Cheese. Membrane Processing. Non Product Operations, Services and Waste Handling. References. Index.
Case Study of New Slender Well Construction Technology (2006)

Abstract This paper will describe the development, prototype testing, full well system test and field trial of an evolutionary slender well construction system. The system is a method of constructing oil and gas wells from close-clearance flush-jointed cemented liners from top to bottom to form the entire well. Significant technical hurdles were overcome in the development of a system that is safe and practical to deploy whilst at the same time allowing drilling and completions engineers to plan the wells using accepted oil and gas well engineering methods. The paper will describe the technical hurdles to overcome to enable this method of well construction to become accepted. This evolutionary method of constructing oil and gas wells has the potential to compete favorably with conventional techniques and other new technology methods already being deployed and could be used in a wide variety of well types. In its full well construction format of four or more close-clearance liners, the cost of constructing the well can be reduced significantly, perhaps by more than 50%, whilst at the same time enhancing safety and reducing environmental impact. In its partial format of one to three close-clearance liners during a sidetrack or well extension, the available flow area across the zone of interest can be increased by 100% as a result of an increased tubular size deployed at total depth compared with convention. Figure 1 shows a comparison of the system to conventional techniques for full wells and Figure 2 shows the flow area increase of the system in its partial format.
Efficiently storing virtual machine backups (2013)

Physical level backups offer increased performance in terms of throughput and scalability as compared to logical backup models, while still maintaining logical consistency [2]. As the trend toward virtualization grows, virtual machine backups (a form of physical backup) are even more important, while becoming easier to perform. The downside is that physical backup generally requires more storage, because of file system meta-data and unallocated blocks. Deduplication is becoming widely accepted and many believe that it will favor logical backup, but this has not been well studied and the relative cost of physical vs. logical on deduplicating storage is not known. In this paper, we take a data-driven approach using user data to quantify the storage costs and contributing factors of physical backups over numerous generations. Based on our analysis, we show how physical backups can be as storage efficient as logical backups, while also giving good backup performance. 1
Cofactor requirement for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 entry into a CD4-expressing human cell line (1993)

Expression of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) receptor CD4 on many nonhuman and some human cell lines is not sufficient to permit HIV-1 infection. We describe a human glioblastoma cell line (U373-MG) which remains resistant to HIV-1 despite the added expression of an authentic CD4 molecule. The block to HIV-1 infection of these cells is strain independent and appears to be at viral entry. Heterokaryons of CD4-expressing U373-MG (U373-CD4) cells fused to HeLa cells allow HIV-1 entry. A U373-CD4/HeLa hybrid clone allows efficient HIV-1 replication. These results suggest that HeLa cells express a factor(s) that can complement the viral entry defect of U373-CD4 cells and is necessary for efficient CD4-mediated HIV-1 infection.
Extracting and Ranking Product Features in Opinion Documents (2010)

An important task of opinion mining is to extract people’s opinions on features of an entity. For example, the sentence, “I love the GPS function of Motorola Droid ” expresses a positive opinion on the “GPS function ” of the Motorola phone. “GPS function ” is the feature. This paper focuses on mining features. Double propagation is a state-of-the-art technique for solving the problem. It works well for medium-size corpora. However, for large and small corpora, it can result in low precision and low recall. To deal with these two problems, two improvements based on part-whole and “no ” patterns are introduced to increase the recall. Then feature ranking is applied to the extracted feature candidates to improve the precision of the top-ranked candidates. We rank feature candidates by feature importance which is determined by two factors: feature relevance and feature frequency. The problem is formulated as a bipartite graph and the well-known web page ranking algorithm HITS is used to find important features and rank them high. Experiments on diverse real-life datasets show promising results.
The Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 Is a Crucial Target for Histone Deacetylase 1 as a Regulator of Cellular Proliferation (2009)

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are chromatin-modifying enzymes that are involved in the regulation of proliferation, differentiation and development. HDAC inhibitors induce cell cycle arrest, differentiation, or apoptosis in tumor cells and are therefore promising antitumor agents. Numerous genes were found to be deregulated upon HDAC inhibitor treatment; however, the relevant target enzymes are still unidentified. HDAC1 is required for mouse development and unrestricted proliferation of embryonic stem cells. We show here that HDAC1 reversibly regulates cellular proliferation and represses the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 in embryonic stem cells. Disruption of the p21 gene rescues the proliferation phenotype of HDAC1(-/-) embryonic stem cells but not the embryonic lethality of HDAC1(-/-) mice. In the absence of HDAC1, mouse embryonic fibroblasts scarcely undergo spontaneous immortalization and display increased p21 expression. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays demonstrate a direct regulation of the p21 gene by HDAC1 in mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Transformation with simian virus 40 large T antigen or ablation of p21 restores normal immortalization of primary HDAC1(-/-) fibroblasts. Our data demonstrate that repression of the p21 gene is crucial for HDAC1-mediated control of proliferation and immortalization. HDAC1 might therefore be one of the relevant targets for HDAC inhibitors as anticancer drugs.
The concept of ‘aboutness’ in subject indexing (1978)

The common view of the ‘aboutness’ of documents is that the index entries (or classifications) assigned to documents represent or indicate in some way the total contents of documents; indexing and classifying are seen as processes involving the ‘summarization’ of the texts of documents. In this paper an alternative concept of ‘aboutness’ is proposed based on an analysis of the linguistic organization of texts, which is felt to be more appropriate in many indexing environments (particularly in non‐specialized libraries and information services) and which has implications for the evaluation of the effectiveness of indexing systems.
Reliable Real-Time Recognition of motion related human activities using MEMS inertial sensors (2010)

Knowledge about the current motion related activity of a person is information that is required or useful for a number of applications. Technical advances in the past years have reduced prices for sensors capable of providing the necessary input, in particular MEMS based inertial measurement units (IMUs). In addition to a low price, unobtrusiveness is a requirement for a activity recognition system. We achieve this by mounting one IMU to the belt of the user. In this work we present the design of our recognition system, including the features computed from the raw accelerations and turn rates as well as four different classification algorithms. These are used in Bayesian techniques trained from a semi naturalistic, labeled data set. The best classifier recognizes the activities ’Sitting’, ’Standing’, ’Walking’, ’Running’, ’Jumping’, ’Falling’ and ’Lying’ of any person with recognition recalls and precisions between 93 and 100% except for an only 80% recall rate for ’Falling’ as that suffers from its very short duration.
Cotargeting Androgen Receptor Splice Variants and mTOR Signaling Pathway for the Treatment of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (2015)

Cotargeting mTOR and AR-NTD to block transcriptional activities of FL-AR and AR-Vs provided maximum antitumor efficacy in PTEN-null, enzalutamide-resistant CRPC. Clin Cancer Res; 22(11); 2744-54. ©2015 AACR.
Preferential recognition of a fragment species of osteoarthritic synovial fluid fibronectin by antibodies to the alternatively spliced EIIIA segment (2001)

The approximately 170-kd EIIIA+ species of FN could potentially constitute a soluble "vehicle" by which chondrocyte-regulating EIIIA sequences, liberated from inhibitory flanking C-terminal sequences, could reach cells in the arthritic joint. Additionally, "FN species-specific" recognition of this segment within OA SF could constitute a marker by which to gauge the activity of the OA disease process.