gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The role of promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger and promyelocytic leukemia in leukemogenesis and development (2001)

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) was originally distinguished by an extremely poor clinical outcome. In the past few years, however, important progress has been made in defining the molecular basis of APL pathogenesis and in optimizing its treatment to an extent that this leukemia is now considered curable. Two features are unique to this leukemia: its remission after retinoic acid (RA) treatment through induction of blast differentiation, and the presence in the leukemic blast of fusion proteins in which the retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARalpha) fuses to distinct partners. Here we review how a detailed analysis of the functions of two of these RARalpha partners, the promyelocytic leukemia (PML) and promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger (PLZF) proteins, has allowed a greater understanding of the molecular mechanisms implicated in APL pathogenesis.
Regrowth of Grafted Human Scalp Hair after Removal of the Bulb (1995)

The middle portion of the outer root sheath and dermal sheath may also contain epithelial, mesenchymal, and melanocyte reservoirs.
Inside-Outside Net: Detecting Objects in Context with Skip Pooling and Recurrent Neural Networks (2015)

It is well known that contextual and multi-scale representations are important for accurate visual recognition. In this paper we present the Inside-Outside Net (ION), an object detector that exploits information both inside and outside the region of interest. Contextual information outside the region of interest is integrated using spatial recurrent neural networks. Inside, we use skip pooling to extract information at multiple scales and levels of abstraction. Through extensive experiments we evaluate the design space and provide readers with an overview of what tricks of the trade are important. ION improves state-of-the-art on PASCAL VOC 2012 object detection from 73.9% to 76.4% mAP. On the new and more challenging MS COCO dataset, we improve state-of-art-the from 19.7% to 33.1% mAP. In the 2015 MS COCO Detection Challenge, our ION model won the Best Student Entry and finished 3rd place overall. As intuition suggests, our detection results provide strong evidence that context and multi-scale representations improve small object detection.
Interleukin-6 and Interleukin-10 in Cerebrospinal Fluid after Severe Traumatic Brain Injury in Children (1997)

Cytokines may play an important role in the pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in children. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a proinflammatory cyotkine that plays a role in regenerative processes within the central nervous system (CNS), whereas interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an antiinflammatory cytokine. Both have been measured in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) as an index of the degree of inflammation in diseases, including sepsis and meningitis. We hypothesized that both IL-6 and IL-10 would be increased in the CSF of children after severe TBI. Fifteen children who sustained severe TBI (Glascow Coma Score [GCS] < or = 7) were studied. Standard neurointensive care was provided. Ventricular CSF collected the first 3 days after TBI was analyzed for IL-6 and IL-10 concentrations by ELISA. Controls were 20 children who were evaluated for meningitis with diagnostic lumbar puncture subsequently found to have no CSF pleocytosis and negative cultures. IL-6 was increased in children after TBI versus controls on all days studied (day 1, 3158.2 +/- 621.8 pg/ml; day 2, 1111.6 +/- 337.0 pg/ml; day 3, 826.7 +/- 193.5 pg/ml vs. 20.6 +/- 5.8 pg/ml, p < 0.0001, Mann-Whitney Rank Sum). IL-10 was increased in children after TBI vs controls on all days studied (day 1, 47.2 +/- 12.9 pg/ml; day 2, 21.0 +/- 6.7 pg/ml; day 3, 15.5 +/- 5.9 pg/ml vs. 8.9 +/- 7.5 pg/ml, p < 0.01). Increased IL-10 concentrations were independently associated with age < 4 years and mortality (p = 0.004 and 0.04, respectively, multivariate linear model). This study demonstrates that IL-6 is increased after TBI in children to levels similar to those reported in adults and is the first to show that IL-10 is increased in CSF of humans after TBI. These data suggest that there may be an age-dependent production of IL-10 after TBI in children.
Stabilization of Copper Dioxygen Compounds: Design, Synthesis, and Characterization (1999)

The design of a new type of binucleating ligand, which stabilizes end-on (μ-peroxo)dicopper(II) compounds (see picture) at ambient temperature, was achieved through molecular modeling.
A proposal for a national curriculum policy for the Grenada education system (2003)

This paper is organized as follows: Section 1 provides background on the country - the first step usually taken in policy making. Section 2 provides a definition of policy and the factors which make inputs into its development are examined. In Section 3, features of a general policy to guide curriculum development efforts are presented. Section 4 deals in detail specifically with policy requirements for the core curriculum. Section 5 provides a formula for the scheduling of the core curriculum. Section 6 focuses on policy for literacy and numeracy. In Section 7, policy for the diffusion and implementation of curriculum innovations from the reform is examined and proposals made. Section 8 contains conclusions on the ways in which the implementation of the proposed policy will transform the education system in Grenada. It makes suggestions on the way further forward.
A high-efficiency CMOS image sensor with air gap in situ MicroLens (AGML) fabricated by 0.18-/spl mu/m CMOS technology (2005)

The air gap in situ microlens (AGML) above-pixel sensor with 0.18-μm CMOS image sensor technology has been successfully developed to dramatically improve the optical crosstalk and pixel sensitivity. We demonstrated excellent crosstalk diminution with the structure on small pixels. Compared with conventional 2.8 μm square pixel, adopting the AGML can reduce the optical crosstalk up to 64%, and provide 21% in enhancement of photosensitivity at 0/spl deg/ incident angle. Furthermore, under 20/spl deg/ incident angle the optical crosstalk reduction and sensitivity enhancement are increased to 89% and 122%, respectively. Therefore, the AGML structure makes pixel size be further scaled down to less than 2.8 μm square and maintain good performance.
Multi-font Arabic word recognition using spectral features (2002)

We present a new technique for recognising Arabic cursive words from scanned images of text. The approach is segmentation-free, and is applied to four different Arabic typeface, where ligatures and overlaps pose challenges to segmentation-based methods. We first transform each word into a normalised polar image, then we apply a two dimensional Fourier transform to the polar image. The resultant spectrum tolerates variations in size and rotation of displacement. Each word is represented by a template that includes a set of Fourier coefficients. The recognition is based on a normalised Euclidean distance from those templates.
Precision Packet Delay Measurements Using IEEE 1588v2 (2007)

Aspects of IEEE 1588 Version 2, in particular the provisions for unicast and for faster sync rates, when combined with hardware timestamping and a precision timing reference such as GPS, provide a powerful tool for studying packet latency and packet delay variation, both in the laboratory and in live production networks. Many devices found in telecom networks such as routers, multilayer switches, and DSL access multiplexers, as well as complex networks, do not lend themselves to study using exclusively the multicast of the original IEEE 1588 definition. Further, investigation of the temporal characteristics of packet delay variation benefits from the increased sync rates available in IEEE 1588v2. This paper presents results and analysis of measurements taken in laboratory networks and production networks in various locations throughout the world. Networks of various types ranging from Local Area Networks (LANs) to Wide Area Networks (WANs) are studied.
Principles for Electronic Equalization of Polarization-Mode Dispersion (2004)

System performance of optical fiber transmission in the presence of polarization-mode dispersion (PMD) can be improved by various types of electronic equalizers, which will be discussed in this paper. After a brief review of equalization and detection theory, equalizer concepts are adapted to the nonlinear optical channel and the architecture is optimized for high bit rate applications. Simulation results accounting for implementation losses in state-of-the-art technologies and realistic transmission conditions indicate that these concepts provide adequate solutions for equalization in lightwave transmission systems.
Embedding hypermedia into information systems (2002)

This paper discusses the integration of hypermedia as a value-added support functionality into computer-based information systems. These include a large base of scientific and business applications, which people use primarily for their underlying analytic functionality. Hypermedia features supplement these applications, providing access to the application's primary activities, and support for the understanding of information and communication between team members. This paper presents a topography for the emerging hypermedia functionality research in general. It also illustrates one branch of this research with an example: an information system level functionality within a software system with the emphasis on hand-made hyperlinks and annotations.
Simulation of a claims call center (1999)

This paper addresses the call center management process and the role of simulation in this process. Strengths and weaknesses of workforce management systems and the Erlang-C model are reviewed and the role of discrete event simulation is highlighted. An application in an insurance claims call center is utilized to show the effectiveness of simulation in evaluating call center designs and also the difficulties in selling selected results to management. The paper concludes with some lessons learned about the call center process, discrete event simulation, workforce management systems, and the specific claims application.
Freer Expression or Greater Repression - UNESCO and the Licensing of Journalists (1984)

Political unrest in many regions of the world presents dangers to journalists, and thereby threatens the free flow of information. UNESCO's proposal to license international correspondents in order to help insure their safe conduct has met with strong criticism from the American press. This commentary examines several human rights instruments and their limited enforceability and suggests that there may be other viable options, including treaties and internal codes of ethics, that would stem the trend of violence against reporters.
O Cluster de Turismo (2012)

O turismo e um dos instrumentos de grande importância para o crescimento economico e social de diversas regioes, possibilitando a expansao do mercado de trabalho, gerando empregos e consequentemente, renda. No Brasil, o turismo impacta cinquenta e dois (52) segmentos diferentes da economia, empregando em sua cadeia, desde a mao-de-obra mais qualificadas ate aquelas que nao exigem maior qualificacao. O presente artigo parte desta caracteristica peculiar ao turismo para analisar a aplicacao do termo cluster no setor do turismo. Aborda o conceito de cluster e sua capacidade de prover vantagens competitivas ao conjunto do sistema. Analisa a aglomeracao de empresas em regioes turisticas.
Ligand-Modulated Palladium-Catalyzed Aerobic Alcohol Oxidations (2006)

The discovery and investigation of ligand-modulated Pd-catalyzed aerobic alcohol oxidations is documented. The project has evolved from a simple empirical discovery that (-)-sparteine, in combination with Pd(II) salts, facilitates the aerobic oxidative kinetic resolution of secondary alcohols to an in-depth physical organic investigation that has provided key insights into how new, more effective catalysts can be designed. Mechanistic investigations, the substrate scope for the catalysts developed, and implications to oxidation catalysis are discussed.
Visual Acuity as a Function of Zernike Mode and Level of Root Mean Square Error (2003)

Increasing the RMS error within any single mode of the normalized Zernike expansion decreases visual acuity in a linear fashion. The slope of the best fitting linear equation varies with Zernike mode. Slopes near the center of the Zernike pyramid are steeper than those near the edge. Although the normalized Zernike expansion parcels RMS error orthogonally, the resulting effects on visual performance as measured by visual acuity are not orthogonal. New metrics of the combined effects of the optical and the neural transfer functions that are predictive of visual performance need to be developed.
Ubiquitin ligase-associated protein SGT1 is required for host and nonhost disease resistance in plants (2002)

Homologues of the yeast ubiquitin ligase-associated protein SGT1 are required for disease resistance in plants mediated by nucleotide-binding site/leucine-rich repeat (NBS-LRR) proteins. Here, by silencing SGT1 in Nicotiana benthamiana, we extend these findings and demonstrate that SGT1 has an unexpectedly general role in disease resistance. It is required for resistance responses mediated by NBS-LRR and other R proteins in which pathogen-derived elicitors are recognized either inside or outside the host plant cell. A requirement also exists for SGT1 in nonhost resistance in which all known members of a host species are resistant against every characterized isolate of a pathogen. Our findings show that silencing SGT1 affects diverse types of disease resistance in plants and support the idea that R protein-mediated and nonhost resistance may involve similar mechanisms.
PYTHIA-II: A Knowledge Discovery in Databases System for Managing Performance Data and Recommending Scientific Software (1999)

Very often scientists are faced with the task of locating appropriate solution soft.ware for their problems and then selecting from among many alternatives.We have previously proposed an approach for dealing with this task by processing performance data of the targeted software.This approach has been tested using a customized implementation referred to as PYTHIA.This experience made us realize the high level of complexity involved in the algorithmic discovery of knowledge from performance data and the management of these data together with the discovered knowledge.To address this issue, we present in this paper PYTHIA-IIa modular framework and system which combines a general J..71owledge discovery in databa.ses(KDD) methodology and recommender system technologies to provide
Metal-Enhanced Fluorescence from Nanoparticulate Zinc Films (2008)

A detailed study of metal-enhanced fluorescence (MEF) from fluorophores in the blue-to- red spectral region placed in close proximity to thermally evaporated zinc nanostructured films is reported. The zinc nanostructured films were deposited onto glass microscope slides as individual particles and were 1-10 nm in height and 20-100 nm in width, as characterized by Atomic Force Microscopy. The surface plasmon resonance peak of the zinc nanostructured films was approximately 400 nm. Finite-difference time-domain calculations for single and multiple nanostructures organized in a staggered fashion on a solid support predict, as expected, that the electric fields are concentrated both around and between the nanostructures. Additionally, Mie scattering calculations show that the absorption and scattering components of the extinction spectrum are dominant in the UV and visible spectral ranges, respectively. Enhanced fluorescence emission accompanied by no significant changes in excited state lifetimes of fluorophores with emission wavelengths in the visible blue-to-red spectral range near-to zinc nanostructured films were observed, implying that MEF from zinc nanostructured films is mostly due to an electric field enhancement effect.
826 The ventricular evoked response for monitoring the cardiac state (2005)

pacing impedance show acceptable ranges. In some patients the lead has to be place closer to the ventricle myocardium to receive acceptable values. Permanent parahisian pacing seems to be an optional or even an optimal pacing site for patients with AV-block.
Effect of the Duration of Electrical Stimulation on the Analgesic Response in Patients with Low Back Pain  (1999)

The recommended duration of electrical stimulation with percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation therapy is 30 min.
On-line maintenance with on-the-fly software replacement (2002)

At Philips Research Laboratories Aachen we have found a way to reconfigure software in embedded systems like, for example, switches or set top boxes. The goal of the reconfiguration is to repair software faults and to update software functionality. This should be done on-the-fly without decreasing the system's availability which means during the on-going operation of the system. The developed approach is based on available distributed operating system technology (Chorus) and on a widely used family of programming languages (C/C++). It does not require changes in the operating system nor in the development system. All needed adaptations are done in the application. However, it was our goal to keep the development of the application functionality separated from the creation of the replaceability. An application is made replaceable through some systematic changes which can be done automatically. Some additional effort is still needed. This paper describes the mechanisms developed for that purpose. As a reconfiguration unit we have chosen a Chorus actor which is a kind of a multi-threaded process. We describe how to make such a process replaceable. Finally, we give some performance figures to show the efficiency of the implemented algorithms.
Effect of lactobacilli and carbon dioxide on the growth of <i>Microbacterium thermosphactum</i> on fresh beef (1975)

Studies with articifially inoculated fresh beef showed that lactobacilli markedlyrestrict the growth of Microbacterium thermosphactum when the beef is vacuum-packaged. High concentrations of carbon dioxide (up to 75%) had little effect on the growthof M. thermosphactum under either aerobic or anaerobic conditions. Tests were madewith samples of lean beef inoculated with pure cultures of lactobacilli and (or) M. thermosphactum and stored unpackaged in air, in air enriched with carbon dioxide, in nitrogen-carbon dioxide mixtures, or vacuum-packaged as in commercial practice. On vacuum-packaged meat, growth of M. thermosphactum was extensive in the absence of lactorbacilli, but was restricted in the presence of lactobacilli. On unpackaged meat (i.e.stored in air) this inhibition did not occur, showing that anaerobic conditions are necessary for it to take place. These results show the import ance of lactobacilli on the storage life of vacuum-packaged fresh beef.
Application of 3 techniques for diagnosing birnavirus infection in turbot. (1995)

Three procedures for avoiding viral amplification by cell culture were evaluated for the diagnosis of birnavirus infections of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) tissues. Immunodot assay using monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies was not satisfactory as a detection system because of false positive reactions. Although immunofluorescent assay of liver and kidney smears was an adequate method for a rapid diagnosis of the infection, blood smears from infected fish did not show higher levels of fluorescence than those from uninfected fish. However, the detection of birnavirus by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification directly in fish tissues was successful and seems to be a promising system for the diagnosis of fish birnavirus.
Regulation of inflammatory responses by natural anticoagulants (2001)

Proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) are critically involved in activation of the coagulation system in sepsis, leading to disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Natural anticoagulants such as antithrombin (AT) and activated protein C (APC) regulate the coagulation system by inhibiting thrombin generation. In addition to these anticoagulant effects, both AT and APC have been shown to attenuate inflammatory responses induced by various noxious stimuli in rats such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. AT promotes the endothelial release of prostacyclin, a potent anti-inflammatory prostaglandin that inhibits the monocytic production of TNF-alpha, by interacting with cell-surface heparin-like substances. APC directly inhibits the production of TNF-alpha by inhibiting the activation of both nudear factor kappaB (NFkappaB) and activator protein-1 in monocytes stimulated with LPS. Thrombomodulin, an endothelial membranous integral protein that binds thrombin, exerts anti-inflammatory effects by generating APC. Furthermore, tissue factor pathway inhibitor, a natural anticoagulant for the extrinsic pathway of the coagulation system, also attenuates LPS-induced inflammatory responses in rats by inhibiting TNF-alpha production by monocytes. These findings strongly suggest that natural anticoagulants could regulate inflammatory responses as well as the coagulation system in rats by inhibiting the monocytic production of TNF-alpha. Such anti-inflammatory properties of natural anticoagulants are potentially important for their replacement in patients with sepsis who frequently develop DIC and organ failure as inflammatory responses.
Composition dependence of solid-phase epitaxy in silicon-germanium alloys: Experiment and theory (1995)

The rates of solid-phase epitaxy (SPE) in unstrained ${\mathrm{Si}}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathit{x}}$${\mathrm{Ge}}_{\mathit{x}}$ alloys have been measured by time-resolved reflectivity for eight different alloy compositions, including both Si-rich and Ge-rich layers. Amorphous layers 300--400 nm thick were first formed in 8-\ensuremath{\mu}m-thick, relaxed, epitaxial ${\mathrm{Si}}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathit{x}}$${\mathrm{Ge}}_{\mathit{x}}$ layers (0.02\ensuremath{\le}x\ensuremath{\le}0.87) by ion implantation of ${\mathrm{Si}}^{+}$. For each composition, the measured SPE rates spanned approximately two orders of magnitude. The alloy SPE rates are shown to be related to the regrowth rates of the two pure elements by a simple equation expressed in terms of the composition parameter x and having no adjustable parameters. The form of this equation implies that crystallization occurs by a serial attachment process at the amorphous-crystal interface and that the rate of attachment of each individual atom is determined by the identities of its four nearest neighbors. Such a process is consistent with the dangling-bond model proposed by Spaepen and Turnbull [in Laser-Solid Interactions and Laser Processing, edited by S. D. Ferris, H. J. Leamy, and J. M. Poate, AIP Conf. Proc. No. 50 (AIP, New York, 1979)] if the SPE rate is limited by the migration rate of dangling bonds rather than by their formation rate. Based on this analysis, an interpretation is proposed for the anomalously large activation energies that have been measured for SPE in some Si-rich compositions.