gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The thermogenic mechanism of brown adipose tissue (1983)

Review Article| May 01 1983 The thermogenic mechanism of brown adipose tissue: Review David G. Nicholls David G. Nicholls 1Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, University of Dundee, Ninewells Medical School, Dundee DD1 9SY, Scotland, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biosci Rep (1983) 3 (5): 431–441. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01121954 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation David G. Nicholls; The thermogenic mechanism of brown adipose tissue: Review. Biosci Rep 1 May 1983; 3 (5): 431–441. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01121954 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBioscience Reports Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1983 The Biochemical Society1983 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Are You with Me?” – using accelerometers to determine if two devices are carried by the same person (2004)

Abstract. As the proliferation of pervasive and ubiquitous computing devices continues, users will carry more devices. Without the ability for these devices to unobtrusively interact with one another, the user’s attention will be spent on coordinating, rather than using, these devices. We present a method based on a coherence function, a measure of linear correlation in the frequency domain, to reliably analyze walking data recorded by low-cost MEMS accelerometers to determine if two devices are carried by the same person. We use inexpensive accelerometers and show that these sensors perform similarly to more expensive accelerometers for the frequency range of human motion, 0 to 10Hz. We also present results from a large test group illustrating the algorithm’s robustness and its ability to withstand real world time delays, crucial for wireless technologies like Bluetooth and 802.11. We present results that show that our technique is 100 % accurate using a sliding window of 8 seconds of data and the devices are carried in the same location on the body (we also present results for when devices are carried on different parts of the body), is tolerant to
The Performance of Random and Optimal Scheduling in a Time-Multiplex Switch (1987)

In a time-multiplex switching system, the incoming traffic must be scheduled to avoid conflict at the switch output (two or more users converging simultaneously upon a single output). Two scheduling algorithms, random scheduling and optimal scheduling, are explored in this paper. Random scheduling is computationally simple, whereas optimal scheduling is currently very difficult. We have found, using a traffic model appropriate for circuit switched traffic that increases of typically 10 to 15 percent in offered load can be obtained through optimal scheduling (as compared to the much simpler random scheduling algorithm). The improvement is a function of the number of time slots (or circuits) per time-multiplexed frame, and falls to zero for both very small and very large frame sizes. Thus, in many circuit switching applications, providing a computationally expensive optimal schedule may not be warranted. This conclusion has important ramifications for both electronic and emerging photonic switching systems since it reduces the importance of the costly design feature of optimal scheduling.
X Vision: A Portable Substrate for Real-Time Vision Applications (1998)

In the past several years, the speed of standard processors has reached the point where interesting problems requiring visual tracking can be carried out on standard workstations. However, relatively little attention has been devoted to developing visual tracking technology in its own right. In this article, we describe X Vision, a modular, portable framework for visual tracking. X Vision is designed to be a programming environment for real-time vision which provides high performance on standard workstations outfitted with a simple digitizer. X Vision consists of a small set of image-level tracking primitives, and a framework for combining tracking primitives to form complex tracking systems. Efficiency and robustness are achieved by propagating geometric and temporal constraints to the feature detection level, where image warping and specialized image processing are combined to perform feature detection quickly and robustly. Over the past several years, we have used X Vision to construct several vision-based systems. We present some of these applications as an illustration of how useful, robust tracking systems can be constructed by simple combinations of a few basic primitives combined with the appropriate task-specific constraints.
New symmetric and unsymmetric polyfunctionalized 2,2′‐bipyridines (1994)

Abstract Recently, a large number of biheterocycles have been synthesized in order to build macrobicyclic cryp‐tates. To pursue investigations in this field, we prepared new symmetric and unsymmetric functionalized bi‐pyridines and we describe here two synthetic strategies leading to new tetrasubstituted 3 to 15 and trisubsti‐tuted 17 to 29 bipyridines. Modification at the α,α'‐methyl groups and introduction of functionalities in the 4,4′‐positions have been performed after N‐O activation of the starting 6,6′‐dimethyl‐2,2′‐bipyridine unit. In the case of cyano and hydroxymethyl groups, alkylation of the N‐O function followed by a nucleophilic attack with the CN anion or an hydroxymethyl radical allowed us to obtain the dissymmetric species. To understand observed differencies between cyanation and hydroxymethylation processes, the unstable and hygroscopic N ‐methoxybipyridinium salt 30 has been isolated and characterized by nmr. Dibromomethyl compounds 8, 15, 29 were finally obtained in good to moderate yields by the Boekelheide rearrangement followed by a pseudohalogen exchange.
Antivirally Active Ribavirin Analogues – 4,5-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole Nucleosides: Biological Evaluation against Certain Respiratory Viruses and Computational Modelling (2013)

Three compounds related to ribavirin inhibited IMPDH and had weak to moderate antiviral activity. Cytotoxicity adversely affected the antiviral selectivity of ETCAR. As with ribavirin, reduction in intracellular GTP may play a role in virus inhibition.
Add-On Anti–TGF-β Antibody to ACE Inhibitor Arrests Progressive Diabetic Nephropathy in the Rat (2003)

Renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors are effective in reducing renal disease progression in early diabetic nephropathy, but they provide imperfect protection at a later stage. Due to the pivotal role of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) in the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease, this study tested the effect of simultaneously interrupting TGF-beta and angiotensin II on disease progression in diabetic rats with overt nephropathy. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin injection in uninephrectomized rats. Diabetic rats received murine (1D11) or human (CAT-192) anti-TGF-beta monoclonal antibodies alone or in combination with lisinopril, 13C4 irrelevant murine antibody, saline or lisinopril from month 4 (when animals had proteinuria) to month 8. Normal animals served as controls. Systolic BP increase was controlled by single treatments and even more by the combined therapies. 1D11 and lisinopril kept proteinuria at levels numerically lower than irrelevant antibody and saline, while CAT-192 was ineffective. The addition of either TGF-beta antibody to lisinopril normalized proteinuria. Consistent results were obtained for glomerulosclerosis and tubular damage, which were abrogated by the combined therapy. Interstitial volume expansion and infiltration of lymphocytes/macrophages were limited by 1D11 and lisinopril and further reduced by their combination. The increase of type III collagen in the renal interstitium was partially attenuated by 1D11 and lisinopril while normalized by their combination. It is concluded that anti-TGF-beta antibody when added to a background of chronic angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition fully arrests proteinuria and renal injury of overt diabetic nephropathy, providing a novel route to therapy and remission of disease for diabetic patients who do not respond to RAS inhibition.
Novel methods for the synthesis of functionalized indoles from arylhydroxylamines and activated acetylenes (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNovel methods for the synthesis of functionalized indoles from arylhydroxylamines and activated acetylenesJih Ru Hwu, Himatkumar V. Patel, Ren Jye Lin, and Marissa O. GrayCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1994, 59, 6, 1577–1582Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00085a053https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00085a053research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views633Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Aurora Kinase Inhibition As an Anticancer Strategy (2013)

Article Tools UNDERSTANDING THE PATHWAY Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2013.50.7988 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 16, 2013 PMID: 24043748 Aurora Kinase Inhibition As an Anticancer Strategy John F. HiltonxJohn F. HiltonSearch for articles by this author , Geoffrey I. ShapiroxGeoffrey I. ShapiroSearch for articles by this author Show More Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2013.50.7988 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2013 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
The yellow fever 17D vaccine virus as a vector for the expression of foreign proteins: development of new live flavivirus vaccines (2000)

The Flaviviridae is a family of about 70 mostly arthropod-borne viruses many of which are major public health problems with members being present in most continents. Among the most important are yellow fever (YF), dengue with its four serotypes and Japanese encephalitis virus. A live attenuated virus is used as a cost effective, safe and efficacious vaccine against YF but no other live flavivirus vaccines have been licensed. The rise of recombinant DNA technology and its application to study flavivirus genome structure and expression has opened new possibilities for flavivirus vaccine development. One new approach is the use of cDNAs encopassing the whole viral genome to generate infectious RNA after in vitro transcription. This methodology allows the genetic mapping of specific viral functions and the design of viral mutants with considerable potential as new live attenuated viruses. The use of infectious cDNA as a carrier for heterologous antigens is gaining importance as chimeric viruses are shown to be viable, immunogenic and less virulent as compared to the parental viruses. The use of DNA to overcome mutation rates intrinsic of RNA virus populations in conjunction with vaccine production in cell culture should improve the reliability and lower the cost for production of live attenuated vaccines. The YF virus despite a long period ignored by researchers probably due to the effectiveness of the vaccine has made a come back, both in nature as human populations grow and reach endemic areas as well as in the laboratory being a suitable model to understand the biology of flaviviruses in general and providing new alternatives for vaccine development through the use of the 17D vaccine strain.
Chagas disease research and development: Is there light at the end of the tunnel? (2016)

Chagas disease, or American trypanosomiasis, is the result of infection by the parasite <i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i>. It is endemic in Latin America, and spreading around the globe due to human migration. Although it was first identified more than a century ago, only two old drugs are available for treatment and a lot of questions related to the disease progression, its pathologies, and not to mention the assessment of treatment efficacy, are subject to debate and remain to be answered. Indeed, the current status of evidence and data available does not allow any absolute statement related to treatment needs and outcome for Chagas patients to be made. Although there has been some new impetus in Research and Development for Chagas disease following recent new clinical trials, there is a scientific requirement to review and challenge the current status of evidence and define basic and clinical research priorities and next steps in the field. This should ensure that the best drugs for Chagas disease are developed, but will require a focused and collaborative effort of the entire Chagas disease research community.
1,5,7‐Triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec‐5‐ene Immobilized in MCM‐41: A Strongly Basic Porous Catalyst (1997)

Michael additions, Knoevenagel condensations, and epoxidation of enones with H2O2 can be catalyzed under mild conditions with a new mesoporous base. Equation (a) shows the principle for a Michael addition (X = CN, Y = CO2Et); the catalyst is obtained by immobilization of a guanidine base in MCM-41.
A Top-Down Pricing Algorithm for IT Service Contracts Using Lower Level Service Data (2016)

Information technology (IT) service providers competing for high valued contracts need to produce a compelling proposal with competitive price. The traditional approach to pricing IT service deals, which builds up the bottom-up costs from the hierarchy of services, is often time consuming, resource intensive, and only available late as it requires granular information of a solution. Recent work on top-down pricing approach enables efficient and early estimates of cost and prices using high level services to overcome and complement these problems. In this paper, we describe an extended pricing method for top-down pricing using the secondary service level. The method makes use of data lower level services to calculate improved estimates, yet still requires minimal input. We compare the previous and new approaches based on industrial data on historical and market deals, and demonstrate that the new approach can generate more accurate estimates. In addition, we also show that mining historical data would yield more accurate estimation than using market data for services, experimental results are in consistent with our findings in previous work.
Semantic retrieval of video - review of research on video retrieval in meetings, movies and broadcast news, and sports (2006)

This paper reviews the different research works on three types of video, i.e., video of meetings, movies and broadcast news, and sports video. The paper puts them into a general framework of video summarization, browsing, and retrieval. It also reviews different video representation techniques for these three types of video content within this general framework. Finally, the challenges facing the video retrieval research community are presented.
Production of IFN-γ and IL-10 to <i>Shigella</i> Invasins by Mononuclear Cells from Volunteers Orally Inoculated with a Shiga Toxin-Deleted <i>Shigella dysenteriae</i> Type 1 Strain (2000)

Volunteers were orally administered invasive, non-Shiga toxin-producing Shigella dysenteriae 1 to establish a challenge model to assess vaccine efficacy. In stepwise fashion, four separate groups were given 3 x 10(2), 7 x 10(3), 5 x 10(4), or 7 x 10(5) CFU. Using PBMC, proliferative responses and cytokine production were measured to S. dysenteriae whole-cell preparations and to purified recombinant invasion plasmid Ags (Ipa) C and IpaD. Anti-LPS and anti-Ipa Abs and Ab-secreting cells were also evaluated. Preinoculation PBMC produced considerable quantities of IL-10 and IFN-gamma, probably secreted by monocytes and NK cells, respectively, of the innate immune system. Following inoculation, PBMC from 95 and 87% of volunteers exhibited an increased production of IFN-gamma and IL-10, respectively, in response to Shigella Ags. These increases included responses to IpaC and IpaD among those volunteers receiving the lowest inoculum. No IL-4 or IL-5 responses were detected. Whereas there were no Ab or Ab-secreting cell responses in volunteers receiving the lowest inoculum, other dose groups had moderate to strong anti-LPS and anti-Ipa responses. These results suggest that in humans, type 1 responses play an important role in mucosal and systemic immunity to S. dysentariae 1.
Dual Angiogenic and Neurotrophic Effects of Bone Marrow–Derived Endothelial Progenitor Cells on Diabetic Neuropathy (2009)

We demonstrate for the first time that bone marrow-derived EPCs could reverse various manifestations of diabetic neuropathy. These therapeutic effects were mediated by direct augmentation of neovascularization in peripheral nerves through long-term and preferential engraftment of EPCs in nerves and particularly vasa nervorum and their paracrine effects. These findings suggest that EPC transplantation could represent an innovative therapeutic option for treating diabetic neuropathy.
Neuropilin-1 is a receptor for transforming growth factor β-1, activates its latent form, and promotes regulatory T cell activity (2008)

Neuropilin-1 (Nrp1) is a multifunctional protein, identified principally as a receptor for the class 3 semaphorins and members of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family, but it is capable of other interactions. It is a marker of regulatory T cells (Tr), which often carry Nrp1 and latency-associated peptide (LAP)-TGF-beta1 (the latent form). The signaling TGF-beta1 receptors bind only active TGF-beta1, and we hypothesized that Nrp1 binds the latent form. Indeed, we found that Nrp1 is a high-affinity receptor for latent and active TGF-beta1. Free LAP, LAP-TGF-beta1, and active TGF-beta1 all competed with VEGF165 for binding to Nrp1. LAP has a basic, arginine-rich C-terminal motif similar to VEGF and peptides that bind to the b1 domain of Nrp1. A C-terminal LAP peptide (QSSRHRR) bound to Nrp1 and inhibited the binding of VEGF and LAP-TGF-beta1. We also analyzed the effects of Nrp1/LAP-TGF-beta1 coexpression on T cell function. Compared with Nrp1(-) cells, sorted Nrp1+ T cells had a much greater capacity to capture LAP-TGF-beta1. Sorted Nrp1(-) T cells captured soluble Nrp1-Fc, and this increased their ability to capture LAP-TGF-beta1. Conventional CD4+CD25(-)Nrp1(-) T cells coated with Nrp1-Fc/LAP-TGF-beta1 acquired strong Tr activity. Moreover, LAP-TGF-beta was activated by Nrp1-Fc and also by a peptide of the b2 domain of Nrp1 (RKFK; similar to a thrombospondin-1 peptide). Breast cancer cells, which express Nrp1, also captured and activated LAP-TGF-beta1 in a Nrp1-dependent manner. Thus, Nrp1 is a receptor for TGF-beta1, activates its latent form, and is relevant to Tr activity and tumor biology.
Regulation of Elastin Gene Expression<sup>a</sup> (1991)

Recent isolation and characterization of cDNAs encompassing the full length of chicken, cow, and human elastin mRNA have led to the elucidation of the primary structure of the respective tropoelastins. Comparison of the tropoelastin from the different species has revealed that large segments of the sequence are conserved, but considerable variation also exists, ranging in extent from relatively small alterations, such as conservative amino acid substitutions, to large-scale deletions and insertions. Several distinct approaches have yielded compelling evidence of a single elastin gene per haploid genome. Analysis of the bovine and human elastin genes revealed that functionally distinct hydrophobic and cross-link domains of the protein are encoded in separate exons which alternate in the genes. The human gene contains 34 exons, the intron/exon ratio is unusually large (20:1), and the introns contain large amounts of repetitive sequences that may predispose to genetic instability. Comparison of the cDNA and genomic sequences has demonstrated that the primary transcript of both species is subject to considerable alternative splicing, which can account for the presence of multiple tropoelastin isoforms. It is likely that the conformation of elastin is, at least in part, that of a random coil, and therefore it might be expected that the stringency for conservation of the amino acid sequence would be less than that for other proteins with unique conformations. This suggests that functional elastin molecules that vary in their sequence and fitness may exist in the human population and be compatible with a normal life. Potentially though, these variations could have profound consequences on the properties of vital tissues found in the cardiovascular and pulmonary systems over the lifetime of the individual. Consequently, analysis of the structure of the elastin gene and its variation in what is regarded as the normal human population, rather than in those individuals with clearly heritable diseases, assumes greater importance. The 5'-flanking region of the gene is G + C rich and contains several SP-1 and AP2 binding sites, as well as putative glucocorticoid, cAMP, and TPA responsive elements, but no consensus TATA box or functional CAAT box. Primer extension and S1 mapping of the elastin mRNA indicated that transcription was initiated at multiple sites. Transfection experiments using promoter elements/reporter gene constructs demonstrated that the basic promoter element was found within region -128 to -1. In addition, three distinct up-regulatory and two down-regulatory regions were delineated. Taken together, these findings suggest that the regulation of elastin gene expression is complex and takes place at several levels.