gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Management Strategies for Peripheral Iatrogenic Nerve Lesions (2005)

For diagnostic or therapeutic reasons, various medical procedures may cause iatrogenic injury of peripheral nerves. The authors treated 82 patients for iatrogenic nerve injury between 1990 and 2000. The main reasons for iatrogenic nerve injury were surgical failure, traction or pressure lesions, hematoma, or inadequate positioning of the patient. The authors performed neurolysis in 67 cases, which included reconstruction by nerve graft in 26 patients and direct coaptation of the nerve in 3 patients. Their postoperative results emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and adequate treatment of iatrogenic peripheral nerve damage for optimal functional recovery. The authors highlight the different causes for iatrogenic injury in this study to alert surgeons as well as other medical specialists to simple strategies for avoiding nerve injury. They also indicate the need for physicians to make themselves familiar with early diagnostic steps for detecting iatrogenic injuries, like electroneurographic studies, and to document physical examinations well, to deal with this problem most effectively.
The Fascinating World of Silicones and their Impact on Coatings (2012)

Silicones were commercialized in the 1940s in the United States and ever since their introduction; silicones have expanded remarkably not only in terms of economic growth but also by an amazingly diverse assortment of product types and applications. Silicones represent a class of compounds that are based on silicon and they exist in a variety of forms including oils, fluids, high viscosity polymers, gums, elastomers, resins and silanes. Silicones’ involvement in coatings began with the early stages of silicone product development and today they are used extensively in coatings mainly as either modifiers or additives. Typical modified coatings contain around 30 percent of the binder as silicone and these coatings exhibit improved weatherability, increased moisture vapor transport, and improved heat stability. Silicone additives are used in small amounts in coatings, usually less than one percent and even lower, to achieve various enhanced properties such as improved flow & leveling, slip & antimar, improved abrasion resistance, improved adhesion, foam control and water repellency. Although silicones are useful for eliminating or diminishing surface defects, they are also capable of producing surface defects. An understanding of phenomena surrounding surface defects can aid the coatings formulator to avoid surface defects caused by silicones. This paper will present a brief history of silicone development, a description of what silicones are and how they are used in coatings.
Crystal, ceramic, and mechanical filters in Japan (1979)

In Japan, there has been considerable activity in the research and manufacturing of quartz crystal filters, ceramic filters and mechanical filters. This paper reviews some of these contributions. An emphasis is placed on filters actually used. First multiple-mode resonators are reviewed; this concept having had profound effects on all types of filters. Quartz-crystal filters as well as other crystal filters are discussed. Then follow reviews on ceramic and mechanical filters.
Genetic engineering of improved nitrogen use efficiency in rice by the tissue‐specific expression of <i>alanine aminotransferase</i> (2008)

Summary Nitrogen is quantitatively the most essential nutrient for plants and a major factor limiting crop productivity. One of the critical steps limiting the efficient use of nitrogen is the ability of plants to acquire it from applied fertilizer. Therefore, the development of crop plants that absorb and use nitrogen more efficiently has been a long-term goal of agricultural research. In an attempt to develop nitrogen-efficient plants, rice (Oryza sativa L.) was genetically engineered by introducing a barley AlaAT (alanine aminotransferase) cDNA driven by a rice tissue-specific promoter (OsAnt1). This modification increased the biomass and grain yield significantly in comparison with control plants when plants were well supplied with nitrogen. Compared with controls, transgenic rice plants also demonstrated significant changes in key metabolites and total nitrogen content, indicating increased nitrogen uptake efficiency. The development of crop plants that take up and assimilate nitrogen more efficiently would not only improve the use of nitrogen fertilizers, resulting in lower production costs, but would also have significant environmental benefits. These results are discussed in terms of their relevance to the development of strategies to engineer enhanced nitrogen use efficiency in crop plants.
Transmission geometry laser ablation into a non‐contact liquid vortex capture probe for mass spectrometry imaging (2014)

RATIONALE Capture of material from a laser ablation plume into a continuous flow stream of solvent provides the means for uninterrupted sampling, transport and ionization of collected material for coupling with mass spectral analysis. Reported here is the use of vertically aligned transmission geometry laser ablation in combination with a new non‐contact liquid vortex capture probe coupled with electrospray ionization for spot sampling and chemical imaging with mass spectrometry. METHODS A vertically aligned continuous flow liquid vortex capture probe was positioned directly underneath a sample surface in a transmission geometry laser ablation (355 nm, 10 Hz, 7 ns pulse width) set up to capture into solution the ablated material. The outlet of the vortex probe was coupled to the Turbo V™ ion source of an AB SCIEX TripleTOF 5600+ mass spectrometer. System operation and performance metrics were tested using inked patterns and thin tissue sections. Glass slides and slides designed especially for laser capture microdissection, viz., DIRECTOR ® slides and PEN 1.0 (polyethylene naphthalate) membrane slides, were used as sample substrates. RESULTS The estimated capture efficiency of laser‐ablated material was 24%, which was enabled by the use of a probe with large liquid surface area (~2.8 mm 2 ) and with gravity to help direct ablated material vertically down towards the probe. The swirling vortex action of the liquid surface potentially enhanced capture and dissolution not only of particulates, but also of gaseous products of the laser ablation. The use of DIRECTOR ® slides and PEN 1.0 (polyethylene naphthalate) membrane slides as sample substrates enabled effective ablation of a wide range of sample types (basic blue 7, polypropylene glycol, insulin and cyctochrome c) without photodamage using a UV laser. Imaging resolution of about 6 µm was demonstrated for stamped ink on DIRECTOR ® slides based on the ability to distinguish features present both in the optical and in the chemical image. This imaging resolution was 20 times better than the previous best reported results with laser ablation/liquid sample capture mass spectrometry imaging. Using thin sections of brain tissue the chemical image of a selected lipid was obtained with an estimated imaging resolution of about 50 µm. CONCLUSIONS A vertically aligned, transmission geometry laser ablation liquid vortex capture probe, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry system provides an effective means for spatially resolved spot sampling and imaging with mass spectrometry. Published in 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Modulatory role of regulatory T cells in a murine model of severe equine asthma (2017)

In this murine model of EA, the reduced number and function of Treg induced by low doses of Cy, which directly correlates with increased airway inflammation and lung infiltration, indicates that Treg may play a major role in the regulation and resolution of EA.
Control-FREEC: a tool for assessing copy number and allelic content using next-generation sequencing data (2011)

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Characterization of the AMP-binding protein gene family in Arabidopsis thaliana: will the real acyl-CoA synthetases please stand up? (2000)

One of the most prominent and important topics in modern agricultural biotechnology is the manipulation of oilseed triacylglycerol composition. Towards this goal, we have sought to identify and characterize acyl-CoA synthetases (ACSs), which play an important role in both de novo synthesis and modification of existing lipids. We have identified and cloned 20 different genes that bear strong sequence homology to known ACSs from other organisms. Through sequence comparisons and functional characterization, we have identified several members of this group that encode ACSs, while the other genes fall into the broader category of genes for AMP-binding proteins (AMPBPs). Distinguishing ACSs from AMPBPs will simplify our efforts to understand the role of ACS in triacylglycerol metabolism.
Clinical Research and the Development of New Devices (2007)

New investigational drugs and devices are commonly used in critically ill patients. The development of new drugs and the role of the critical care nurse caring for subjects in clinical trials are crucial to the success of the research process. The purpose of this article is to discuss the Food and Drug Administration's regulatory approval process for significant risk investigational devices.
Automatic on-line failure diagnosis at the end-user site (2006)

The preparative microbial synthesis of amino acids labelled with stable isotopes, including deuterium ( 2 H), suitable for biomedical applications by methylotrophic bacteria was studied using L-phenylalanine as example. This amino acid is secreted by Gram-negative aerobic facultative methylotrophic bacteria Brevibacterium methylicum, assimilating methanol via ribulose-5-monophosphate (RMP) cycle of assimilation of carbon, The data on adaptation of L-phenylalanine secreted by methylotrophic bacterium В. methylicum to the maximal concentration of deuterium in the growth medium with 98% 2 Н 2 O and 2% [ 2 Н]methanol, and biosynthesis of deuterium labelled L-phenylalanine With different levels of enrichment are presented. The strain was adapted by means of plating initial cells on firm (2% agarose) minimal growth media with an increasing gradient of 2 Н 2 O concentration from 0; 24.5; 49.0; 73.5 up to 98% 2 Н 2 O followed by subsequent selection of separate colonies stable to the action of 2 Н 2 O. These colonies were capable to produce L-phenylalanine. L-phenylalanine was extracted from growth medium by extraction with isopropanol with the subsequent crystallization in ethanol (output 0.65 g/l). The developed method of microbial synthesis allows to obtain deuterium labelled L-phenylalanine with different levels of isotopic enrichment, depending on concentration of 2 Н 2 O in growth media, from 17% (on growth medium with 24,5% 2 Н 2 O) up to 75% (on growth medium with 98% 2 Н 2 O) of deuterium in the molecule that is confirmed with the data of the electron impact (EI) mass- spectrometry analysis of methyl ethers of N-dimethylamino(naphthalene)-5-sulfochloride (dansyl) phenylalanine in these experimental conditions.
Review essay (1993)

Abstract This latest in an impressive stream of books by Murray Kreiger is, he advises, an ‘amplification’ of a 1967 essay entitled ‘Ekphrasis and the Still Movement of Poetry; or Laokoon Revisited’. The alternative title of his essay turns out to be most descriptive of the argument, not only of the essay, but the amplified book version as well. For what Kreiger states in his earlier essay, that he intends to mount an ‘anti-Lessing claim’, (p. 265) is no less true of his book. What is this claim? And what does it have to do with ekphrasis?
Crossbow: a toolkit for integrated services over cell switched IPv6 (2002)

The project Crossbow provides a framework to investigate services and mechanisms including resource management and packet scheduling for multimedia/multicast applications. In particular the Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6, IP next generation, IPng) protocol suite on top of ATM is considered to demonstrate possible synergy between ATM and IPv6. The presented architecture includes IPv6 and RSVP running on BSD Unix using the 1.2 Gbps APIC (ATM port interconnect controller) chip, as well as support for Ethernet networks.
Defining Solution Conformations of Small Linear Peptides (1991)

Many bacterial clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)–CRISPR-associated (Cas) systems employ the dual RNA–guided DNA endonuclease Cas9 to defend against invading phages and conjugative plasmids by introducing site-specific ...Read More
A Research on the Text Reliability Based on Evidentiality (2011)

In this paper, we focus on the reliability of information encoded in a Web 2.0 community platform. Specifically, we aim to explore how linguistically encoded clues can contribute to the task. Given that evidentiality is the linguistic representation for the reliability of a statement, we propose to use evidential, the lexicalized evidentiality, to model text representation under the framework of machine learning based text classification. Based on the model, we conducted experiments to identify the best answers in Collaborative Question Answering (CQA) services. The experimental results confirm that, incorporating evidential for predicting text reliability is effective, since it shows the writer's self-judgment for information reliability. Moreover, our method can largely reduce the dimensionality of the vector space, and therefore provide an improvement in efficiency.
Isolation, purification, and full NMR assignments of cyclopamine from Veratrum californicum (2008)

This method could meet a very real need within diverse scientific communities by allowing cyclopamine to become more readily available.
The Myth of Cultured Meat: A Review (2020)

To satisfy the increasing demand for food by the growing human population, cultured meat (also called in vitro, artificial or lab-grown meat) is presented by its advocates as a good alternative for consumers who want to be more responsible but do not wish to change their diet. In terms of technical issues, research is still required to optimize cell culture, for instance in terms of culture medium. Nevertheless, whereas we can produce muscle cells, it is almost impossible to reproduce the diversity of meats derived from various species, breeds and cuts. Although these are not yet known, we speculated on the potential health benefits and drawbacks of cultured meat. It is true that the absence of adjacent digestive organs would suggest that cultured muscle cells may be safer. On the other hand, with this high level of cell multiplication, some dysregulation is likely as happens in cancer cells. Likewise, the control of its nutritional composition is still unclear, especially for micronutrients. Regarding environmental issues, the potential advantages of cultured meat for greenhouse gas emissions are a matter of controversy, although less land will be used compared to livestock. However, more criteria need to be taken into account for a comparison with current meat production. Regarding the market share, cultured meat will have to compete with other meat substitutes, especially plant-based alternatives, with many of these already commercialized, unlike artificial meat. Consumer acceptance will be strongly influenced by the name given to this new product, since consumers tend to reject “in vitro” or “cultured” meat technology. In fact, consumers seem to dislike unnatural food. Ethically, cultured meat aims to use considerably fewer animals than conventional livestock farming, making it attractive to vegetarians and vegans. However, some animals will still have to be reared to harvest cells for the production of in vitro meat. Finally, we discussed in this review the nebulous status of cultured meat from a religious point of view. Indeed, religious authorities are still debating the question of whether in vitro meat is kosher or Halal (e.g. compliant with Jewish or Islamic dietary laws).
Ultrashort optical pulse interaction with fibre gratings and device applications (1997)

The linear interaction between (coherent) ultrashort broadband optical pulses and fibre gratings, referred to as the ultrashort pulse response of fibre gratings, is theoretically and experimentally investigated.The reflected and transrnitted pulses of an ultrashort pulse incident upon a fibre grating are calculated using coupled-wave theory.The eEects of different grating characteristics, such as grating strength, phase response (dispersion), chirp, and apodization on the ultrashort pulse response are examined.A symrnetric transformlirnited 1-ps Gaussian pulse is assumed as the ultrashort broadband input to the gratings; the reflected and transrnitted pulses take on significantly different shapes and vary in duration.
Effect of Monoclonal Antibodies Anti-2H9, Anti-IRac, and Anti-HeFi-1 on the Surface Antigens of Reed-Sternberg Cells (1987)

The interaction of 3 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs)--anti-HeFi-1, anti-2H9, and anti-IRac--with Reed-Sternberg (RS) cells was examined in vitro. MAb anti-2H9 induced specific modulation of the corresponding antigen (Ag) from the cell surface. Cell-bound anti-2H9 antibody (Ab)-Ag complexes rapidly disappeared during incubation of cells at 37 degrees C for 2-4 hours. This early loss was followed by reappearance of the Ag on the cell surface within 4-12 hours. In contrast, anti-HeFi-1 and anti-IRac bound avidly to the surface of RS cells and persisted for more than 3 days. During this period, there were no significant changes in the expression of HeFi-1 or IRac Ag on the surface of tumor cells. Cell surface-bound Abs were distributed uniformly, and there was no evidence of microaggregation, as determined by electron microscopy. None of the 3 MAbs was directly cytotoxic or exhibited complement-mediated cytotoxicity. On the basis of these findings (persistence of anti-HeFi-1 and anti-IRac on the cell surface), these 2 MAbs may be suitable for immunoimaging and immunotherapy for Hodgkin's disease.
Adaptive pre-recorded multimedia streaming (2004)

Lately, multimedia-related Internet applications have become very popular, and make up an increasing percentage of network traffic. This paper presents a quality-of-transmission-orientated adaptive mechanism for streaming of pre-recorded multimedia content. It aims at maintaining the continuity of both the transmission and the remote stream play-out, at the expense of varying the stream's quality. A feedback scheme, in conjunction with a quality of transmission grading scheme, allows the server to learn the current network conditions. During transmission, the server can switch between different quality versions of the same multimedia content at certain checkpoints to modify the quality of the overall streaming process, and therefore the transferred quantity of data. Preliminary statistical and user perceptual test results from our prototype system show that by using our adaptive mechanism in increased traffic conditions, the users' satisfaction was higher than if a receiver buffering solution was used.
Outer-sphere and inner-sphere processes in organic chemistry. Reaction of trifluoromethyl bromide with electrochemically generated aromatic anion radicals and sulfur dioxide anion radicals (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOuter-sphere and inner-sphere processes in organic chemistry. Reaction of trifluoromethyl bromide with electrochemically generated aromatic anion radicals and sulfur dioxide anion radicalsClaude P. Andrieux, Laurence Gelis, and Jean Michel SaveantCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 2, 786–791Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00158a044https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00158a044research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views656Altmetric-Citations40LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
0.27-dB/km attenuation achieved by MSP preform process (optical fibers) (1991)

Mechanically shaped preforms (MSP) have been demonstrated to combine economic non-CVD (chemical vapor deposition) processing and low loss, with a published value of 0.63 dB/km and a size of 30 fkm/preform. Improved processing is proposed which results in a minimum loss of 0.27 dB/km at 1550 nm. Preforms capable of yielding 150 fkm have been produced. Reboiling during preform stretching and fiber pulling is identified as the last remaining problem of the process.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen Associates with Histone Deacetylase Activity, Integrating DNA Replication and Chromatin Modification (2002)

Faithful inheritance of the chromatin structure is essential for maintaining the gene expression integrity of a cell. Histone modification by acetylation and deacetylation is a critical control of chromatin structure. In this study, we test the hypothesis that histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) is physically associated with a basic component of the DNA replication machinery as a mechanism of coordinating histone deacetylation and DNA synthesis. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is a sliding clamp that serves as a loading platform for many proteins involved in DNA replication and DNA repair. We show that PCNA interacts with HDAC1 in human cells and in vitro and that a considerable fraction of PCNA and HDAC1 colocalize in the cell nucleus. PCNA associates with histone deacetylase activity that is completely abolished in the presence of the HDAC inhibitor trichostatin A. Trichostatin A treatment arrests cells at the G(2)-M phase of the cell cycle, which is consistent with the hypothesis that the proper formation of the chromatin after DNA replication may be important in signaling the progression through the cell cycle. Our results strengthen the role of PCNA as a factor coordinating DNA replication and epigenetic inheritance.