gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Studies in the Quinoline Series. IV. Quinolyl Mercaptans and Sulfides (1946)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStudies in the Quinoline Series. IV. Quinolyl Mercaptans and SulfidesAlice G. RenfrewCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1946, 68, 8, 1433–1436Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1946Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1946https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01212a011https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01212a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views179Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Regulation of seizure spreading by neuroserpin and tissue-type plasminogen activator is plasminogen-independent (2002)

Tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) is a highly specific serine proteinase expressed in the CNS during events that require neuronal plasticity. In this study we demonstrate that endogenous tPA mediates the progression of kainic acid–induced (KA-induced) seizures by promoting the synchronization of neuronal activity required for seizure spreading, and that, unlike KA-induced cell death, this activity is plasminogen-independent. Specifically, seizure induction by KA injection into the amygdala induces tPA activity and cell death in both hippocampi, and unilateral treatment of rats with neuroserpin, a natural inhibitor of tPA in the brain, enhances neuronal survival in both hippocampi. Inhibition of tPA within the hippocampus by neuroserpin treatment does not prevent seizure onset but instead markedly delays the progression of seizure activity in both rats and wild-type mice. In tPA-deficient mice, seizure progression is significantly delayed, and neuroserpin treatment does not further delay seizure spreading. In contrast, plasminogen-deficient mice show a pattern of seizure spreading and a response to neuroserpin that is similar to that of wild-type animals. These findings indicate that tPA acts on a substrate other than plasminogen and that the effects of neuroserpin on seizure progression and neuronal cell survival are mediated through the inhibition of tPA.
A Bayesian framework for combining heterogeneous data sources for gene function prediction (in<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>) (2003)

Genomic sequencing is no longer a novelty, but gene function annotation remains a key challenge in modern biology. A variety of functional genomics experimental techniques are available, from classic methods such as affinity precipitation to advanced high-throughput techniques such as gene expression microarrays. In the future, more disparate methods will be developed, further increasing the need for integrated computational analysis of data generated by these studies. We address this problem with MAGIC (Multisource Association of Genes by Integration of Clusters), a general framework that uses formal Bayesian reasoning to integrate heterogeneous types of high-throughput biological data (such as large-scale two-hybrid screens and multiple microarray analyses) for accurate gene function prediction. The system formally incorporates expert knowledge about relative accuracies of data sources to combine them within a normative framework. MAGIC provides a belief level with its output that allows the user to vary the stringency of predictions. We applied MAGIC to Saccharomyces cerevisiae genetic and physical interactions, microarray, and transcription factor binding sites data and assessed the biological relevance of gene groupings using Gene Ontology annotations produced by the Saccharomyces Genome Database. We found that by creating functional groupings based on heterogeneous data types, MAGIC improved accuracy of the groupings compared with microarray analysis alone. We describe several of the biological gene groupings identified.
Circulating Prostate Specific Antigen‐positive Cells Correlate with Metastatic Prostate Cancer (1992)

Analytical flow cytometry was used to study circulating prostate specific antigen (PSA)-positive cells in 40 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed, untreated prostate cancer; 25 patients (63%) had metastatic disease confirmed by a positive bone scan. Cell suspensions were prepared for each patient from both the primary tumour and peripheral blood samples. The cells were stained with a monoclonal antibody against PSA, and analysed by flow cytometry; PSA-positive cells were sorted according to their immunofluorescence and light scatter properties. The cellular deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) content of each specimen was also analysed to establish ploidy status. PSA-positive cells were detected in the peripheral blood of 33 patients (83%). The presence of these cells in the circulation showed a higher degree of sensitivity and specificity in predicting positive bone scans than did serum PSA levels. Circulating PSA-positive cells may represent either a subpopulation of tumour cells with distinct metastatic properties or, alternatively, host immunocytes which take up PSA in an active or passive manner.
Low‐cost display assembly and interconnect using ink‐jet printing technology (2001)

Abstract— Ink‐jet printing methods may be utilized for efficient micro‐deposition of solder bumps, spacer balls, and adhesive sealant/bond lines, as well as liquid‐crystal and color‐filter droplets, in the manufacture of display panels. Advantages realized by this approach include data‐driven low‐cost high‐speed non‐contact environmentally friendly processing.
Tethered particle motion with single DNA molecules (2015)

A simple method for tethering microbeads using single molecules of DNA is explained. We describe how to use video microscopy and particle tracking to measure the trajectories of the microbeads' motion. The trajectories are analyzed and compared to different models of tethered particle motion. In addition, the data are used to measure the elasticity of the DNA (its spring constant), and the DNA persistence length.
The Earth Mover's distance is the Mallows distance: some insights from statistics (2002)

The Earth Mover's distanc1e was first introduced as a purely empirical ways to measure texture and color similarities. We show that it has a rigorous probabilistic interpretation and is conceptually equivalent to the Mallows distance on probability distributions. The two distances are exactly the same when applied to probability distributions, but behave differently when applied to unnormalized distributions with different masses, called signatures. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of both distances, and statistical issues involved in computing them from data. We also report some texture classification results for the Mallows distance applied to texture features and compare several ways of estimating feature distributions. In addition, we list some known probabilistic properties of this distance.
Heteroepitaxial growth of Y2O3 films on silicon (1989)

Yttria (Y2 O3 ) films have been grown on Si (100) and Si (111) substrates heated at 800 °C by vacuum evaporation. X-ray diffraction and reflection high-energy electron diffraction observations reveal the heteroepitaxial growth of Y2 O3 films on Si (100) and Si (111) substrates. The (111) oriented Y2 O3 films are grown directly on Si (111) substrates. The (100) oriented Y2 O3 films are grown on the thin (Y2 O3 )0.09 (ZrO2 )0.91 layer predeposited on Si (100) substrates instead of direct growth on Si (100) substrates.
Healing of Helicobacter pylori gastric ulcers: only eradication matters. (2003)

H. pylori eradication favors ulcer healing in patients with gastric ulcer, which is an argument in favor of the etiological role of the microorganism in this disease. Other factors did not influence ulcer healing.
Reversal of breast cancer resistance protein–mediated drug resistance by tryprostatin A (2003)

MDR in human cancers is one of the major causes of failure of chemotherapy. A member of the superfamily of ABC transporters, BCRP, was demonstrated to confer an atypical MDR phenotype to tumor cells. To overcome the BCRP-mediated drug resistance, the fungal secondary metabolite TPS-A, a diketopiperazine, was analyzed with regard to its potency to reverse the BCRP-mediated drug-resistant phenotype. At concentrations of 10-50 microM, TPS-A reversed a mitoxantrone-resistant phenotype and inhibited the cellular BCRP-dependent mitoxantrone accumulation in the human gastric carcinoma cell line EPG85-257RNOV, the human breast cancer cell line MCF7/AdrVp (both exhibiting acquired BCRP-mediated MDR) and the BCRP cDNA-transfected breast cancer cell line MCF-7/BCRP clone 8. No cytotoxicity was seen at effective concentrations. These data indicate that TPS-A is a novel BCRP inhibitor.
Bubble column reactors (1979)

Bubble columns and their state of development have been reviewed on numerous occasions in recent years. As an extension, this paper deals with bubble column reactors from an industrial point of view. The numerous forms of construction and modes of operation in industry can be reduced to relatively few fundamental types. Since the computerized design of bubble columns is presently restricted to a few partial processes, experience in the choise of a particular type column still plays an important role. The article deals, inter alia, with reactors (gas distribution, gas- and liquid-feeds, gas separation, heat extraction), selection criteria for construction and for operating conditions, practical experience, and some specific forms of operation. Some problems still requiring scientific investigation are outlined.
Enhancement of Periodontal Tissue Regeneration by Transplantation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (2004)

These findings suggest that auto-transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells is a novel option for periodontal tissue regeneration.
Evaluating the performance of nanostructured materials as lithium-ion battery electrodes (2013)

The performance of the lithium-ion cell is heavily dependent on the ability of the host electrodes to accommodate and release Li+ ions from the local structure. While the choice of electrode materials may define parameters such as cell potential and capacity, the process of intercalation may be physically limited by the rate of solid-state Li+ diffusion. Increased diffusion rates in lithium-ion electrodes may be achieved through a reduction in the diffusion path, accomplished by a scaling of the respective electrode dimensions. In addition, some electrodes may undergo large volume changes associated with charging and discharging, the strain of which, may be better accommodated through nanostructuring. Failure of the host to accommodate such volume changes may lead to pulverisation of the local structure and a rapid loss of capacity. In this review article, we seek to highlight a number of significant gains in the development of nanostructured lithium-ion battery architectures (both anode and cathode), as drivers of potential next-generation electrochemical energy storage devices.
Majority‐based evolution state assignment algorithm for area and power optimisation of sequential circuits (2015)

State assignment (SA) for finite state machines (FSMs) is one of the crucial synthesis steps in the design and optimisation of sequential circuits. In this study, we propose a majority‐based evolution (MBE) SA algorithm that can be considered a variant of the well known differential evolution algorithm. Each individual is evolved based on selecting three random individuals, one of which is selected to be the best individual with a 50% probability. Then, for each state in the individual a selection is made with a 50% probability between keeping the current state or replacing it with a newly computed state. The bit values of the new state are determined based on the majority values of the state of the three selected individuals under a randomly generated probability within a predetermined range. The proposed algorithm is used for FSM state encoding targeting the optimisation of both area and power. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed MBE SA algorithm in comparison with other evolutionary algorithms including genetic algorithm, binary particle swarm optimisation, Tabu search and simulated evolution.
Reactions of 1,2-benzenedisulfinic anhydride (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReactions of 1,2-benzenedisulfinic anhydrideHolger C. Hansen and John L. KiceCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1983, 48, 18, 2943–2948Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00166a001https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00166a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views269Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Inducible Phages of Bacillus subtilis<sup>*</sup> (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInducible Phages of Bacillus subtilis*Edna Seaman, Elaine Tarmy, and Julius MarmurCite this: Biochemistry 1964, 3, 5, 607–613Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00893a001https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00893a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views249Altmetric-Citations103LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A novel alpha-ketoglutarate reductase activity of the serA-encoded 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase of Escherichia coli K-12 and its possible implications for human 2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria (1996)

Escherichia coli serA-encoded 3-phosphoglycerate (3PG) dehydrogenase catalyzes the first step of the major phosphorylated pathway of L-serine (Ser) biosynthesis. The SerA enzyme is evolutionarily related to the pdxB gene product, 4-phosphoerythronate dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the second step in one branch of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate coenzyme biosynthesis. Both the Ser and pyridoxal 5'-phosphate biosynthetic pathways use the serC(pdxF)-encoded transaminase in their next steps. In an analysis of these parallel pathways, we attempted to couple the transaminase and dehydrogenase reactions in the reverse direction. Unexpectedly, we found that the SerA enzyme catalyzes a previously undetected reduction of alpha-ketoglutarate (alpha KG) to 2-hydroxyglutaric acid (HGA). Numerous criteria ruled out the possibility that this SerA alpha KG reductase activity was caused by contamination in the substrate or purified enzyme preparations. HGA was confirmed as the product of the SerA alpha KG reductase reaction by thin-layer chromatography and by enzyme assays showing that both the D- and L-isomers of HGA were substrates for the reverse (dehydrogenase) reaction. Detailed steady-state kinetic analyses showed that alpha KG reduction (apparent Michaelis-Menten constant [Km(app)] = 88 microM; apparent catalytic constant [kcat(app)] = 33.3 s-1) and 3-phosphohydroxypyruvate reduction (Km(app) = 3.2 microM; kcatapp = 27.8 s-1), which is the reverse reaction of 3PG oxidation, were the major in vitro activities of the SerA enzyme. The SerA alpha KG reductase was inhibited by Ser, D-HGA, 3PG, and glycine (Gly), whereas the D-HGA dehydrogenase was inhibited by Ser, alpha KG, 3-phosphohydroxypyruvate, and Gly. The implications of these findings for the regulation of Ser biosynthesis, the recycling of NADH, and the enzymology of 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenases are discussed. Since the same pathway of Ser biosynthesis seems to be present in all organisms, these results suggest that a mutation in the human SerA homolog may contribute to the neurometabolic diseases D- and L-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria, which lead to the accumulation of D-HGA and L-HGA, respectively.
El escritor Emilio Prados en la editorial mexicana Séneca (2001)

A comienzos de 1939, ya destrozado por la guerra, Emilio Prados llega a París y se reúne allí con José Bergamín que, desde finales de 1936, entre sus diversas tareas prorrepublicanas, trabaja en la Delegación Cultural de la Embajada de España en Francia. Les une a los dos escritores una amistad entrañable que, arraigada en su común filiación malagueña, se remonta a los tiempos de la Residencia de Estudiantes, a la fervorosa admiración que ambos sienten por la figura de Juan Ramón Jiménez, y a la aventura de la revista Litoral. Entregados incondicionalmente a la causa de la República, han compartido, además, una serie de experiencias decisivas: la Alianza de Intelectuales Antifascistas, el Romancero de la guerra civil, Hora de España, el Segundo Congreso de Escritores en Defensa de la Cultura ...
In-plane thermoelectric properties of freestanding Si/Ge superlattice structures (2002)

Freestanding, thin-film Si/Ge superlattice (SL) structures over a wide range of periods, from /spl sim/300 /spl Aring/ to /spl sim/10 /spl Aring/, have been experimentally investigated for their thermoelectric properties in the plane of the SL interfaces. We have observed a several-fold enhancement in the power factor at 300 K in these Si/Ge SL structures, compared to thin-film SiGe and bulk SiGe alloys. The thermoelectric power factor and Hall-effect measurements, with model calculations for effective conduction-band density of states, have been used to understand the mechanism behind the strong enhancement in power factor in these apparently weakly-quantum confined SL structures. We suggest that the Si/Ge SL structure is an example where bandstructure or valley engineering without appreciable quantum-confinement can enhance thermoelectric power factor. AC calorimetry measurements have also been completed to determine the in-plane thermal diffusivity of these Si/Ge SL thin-films. The variation of thermal diffusivity (D) with the SL period appears complex, with reduction in D coming apparently from both short-period and lattice-mismatch effects. We observe and suggest a mechanism for minima in D values for certain intermediate SL periods. We observe that the behavior of the measured thermal diffusivity with SL period appears characteristic of localization-like effects, similar to the well-known localization of electrons and more recently, photons. We also present the first experimental demonstration of a factorial improvement in the three-dimensional figure-of-merit (ZT/sub 3D/) of SL structures with respect to comparable bulk alloys, with all the properties measured in the same direction, suggesting a proof-of-concept validation for thin-film SL structures. The implications of the ZT enhancement with SL/Ge SL structures would be significant for a variety of applications.
Glutathione mediated lysis of HL-60 cells. (1983)

Various concentrations of glutathione (GSH), between 50-2000 micrograms/ml, were shown to retard the proliferation of HL-60 cells, with the optimum level being 200 micrograms/ml. Using electronic cell volume, GSH was shown to increase the percentage of small size cells and debris, and decrease the population cell volume and the percentage of large size cells. This data combined with chromium-51 release, trypan blue exclusion, and morphology data suggested that GSH was lysing HL-60 cells. Catalase eliminated the GSH stimulated cell lysis suggesting a H2O2 mediated mechanism was involved.
Mapping the Folding Intermediate of Human Carbonic Anhydrase II. Probing Substructure by Chemical Reactivity and Spin and Fluorescence Labeling of Engineered Cysteine Residues (1995)

Several conformation-sensitive parameters have shown that human carbonic anhydrase II exists as a stable and compact equilibrium folding intermediate of molten globule type. In this study we have continued a previously initiated mapping of the intermediate structure. Cys residues were engineered, one at a time, into various regions of the protein structure, so as to obtain chemically reactive probes and handles for spectroscopic probes. These probes were used to specifically report on conformational changes accompanying the folding process. Thus, the accessibility of the introduced Cys residues to specific chemical labeling by radioactive iodoacetate was used to monitor the stability and compactness of the substructure surrounding each Cys residue. In addition, a spin-label (nitroxide radical) and a fluorescent probe (IAEDANS) were attached to the inserted SH-groups to give complementary information. The mobility of the spin-label was used to indicate local changes in structure, and the fluorophore was used to probe local changes in polarity at various stages of unfolding. Much of the predominant beta-structure, consisting of 10 beta-strands extending throughout the entire molecule, appears to be compact and largely intact in the intermediate. Thus, beta-strands 3-7, probed at positions 68, 97, 118, 123, 206, and 245, seem to have a native-like structure in the folding intermediate. In contrast, a more flexible structure is found around positions 56, 176, and 256 in the peripheral beta-strands 1, 2, and 9, showing that the stability of the secondary structure in the intermediate state is less in the outer parts of the protein. A hydrophobic region, containing beta-strands 3-5, seems to be remarkably stable and is not ruptured until strong denaturing conditions (5 M GuHCl) are applied. The stability of this hydrophobic beta-core appears to increase toward the center. This stable region is contained in the middle of a sequentially continuous antiparallel structure that spans beta-strands 2-6, suggesting that this part might represent a site where folding is initiated.