gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Study of in vitro conditions modulating expression of MN/CA IX protein in human cell lines derived from cervical carcinoma. (1999)

In an effort to better understand the biological significance of MN/CA IX human tumor-associated protein, we have investigated its expression in human cervical carcinoma cell lines in vitro. SiHa cells that naturally express MN/CA IX were used as a model for expression study at the protein level. In addition, we have transfected MN/CA9 gene-negative but transcription-competent C33A cells with a plasmid carrying CAT reporter gene under a control of MN/CA9 promoter. By this way, we have generated a stable cell line C33A/MNP-CAT that was employed in analysis of MN/CA9 regulation at the level of promoter activity as estimated by CAT protein abundance. For the purpose of our study, we have chosen experimental conditions relevant to growth characteristics and phenotypic features of malignantly transformed cells. Both the level of MN/CA IX protein and the gene promoter activity were found to be substantially elevated either in culture of high density or when the adherent carcinoma cells grew in suspension, but were not markedly affected by diminished serum concentration and in the cell cycle progression. These observations support the involvement of MN/CA IX protein in aberrant cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions that facilitate loss of contact inhibition and anchorage independence of cancer cells.
A Novel Cell-permeable Antioxidant Peptide, SS31, Attenuates Ischemic Brain Injury by Down-regulating CD36 (2006)

Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of ischemia/reperfusion injury. Recently, we demonstrated that activation of CD36, a class B scavenger receptor, mediates free radical production and tissue injury in cerebral ischemia (1). Oxidized low density lipoproteins (oxLDL) are among the ligands that bind to CD36 and are elevated in acute cerebral infarction. SS31 is a cell-permeable antioxidant peptide that reduces intracellular free radicals and inhibits LDL oxidation/lipid peroxidation (2). The current study was designed to investigate whether treatment with SS31 normalizes ischemia-induced redox changes and attenuates CD36-mediated tissue injury. C57BL/6 mice were subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Redox status and infarct volume were measured in animals treated with either saline or SS31. Oxidative stress induced by ischemia/reperfusion profoundly depleted glutathione (GSH) concentrations in the ipsilateral cortex and striatum. Treating mice with SS31 immediately after reperfusion significantly attenuated ischemia-induced GSH depletion in the cortex and reduced infarct size. By contrast, the protective effect of SS31 was absent in CD36 knock-out mice, indicating that SS31 is acting through inhibition of CD36. Treating C57BL/6 mice with SS31 reduced CD36 expression in postischemic brain and mouse peritoneal macrophages (MPM). Further in vitro studies revealed that SS31 attenuated oxLDL-induced CD36 expression and foam cell formation in MPM. These in vivo and in vitro studies indicate that the down-regulation of CD36 by novel class antioxidant peptides may be a useful strategy to treat ischemic stroke victims.
Membrane‐Localised Oestrogen Receptor α and β Influence Neuronal Activity Through Activation of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors (2009)

Until recently, the idea that oestradiol could affect cellular processes independent of nuclear oestrogen receptors (ERs) was controversial. This was despite the large number of carefully controlled studies performed both within and outside the nervous system demonstrating that oestrogens regulate various intracellular signalling pathways by acting at the membrane surface of cells and/or at biological rates incompatible with the time course of genomic-initiated events. At present, it is far less controversial that oestradiol acts at surface membrane receptors to regulate nervous system function. Recent studies have demonstrated that the classical intracellular ERs, ERalpha and ERbeta, are major players in mediating the actions of oestradiol on the membrane surface. This review focuses on one potential mechanism by which surface-localised ERalpha and ERbeta stimulate intracellular signalling events in cells of the nervous system. After oestradiol treatment, both ERalpha and ERbeta are capable of activating different classes of metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs). Oestradiol activation of mGluRs is independent of glutamate, but requires expression of several different caveolin proteins to compartmentalise the different ERs with mGluRs into functional signalling microdomains. ER/mGluR signalling is a potential means by which oestrogens can both rapidly and for extended periods, influence a variety of intracellular signalling processes and behaviours.
Evidence for IL-6 production by and effects on the pancreatic <i>beta</i>-cell. (1989)

IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha injure the pancreatic beta-cell and may be involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune type 1 diabetes. Because the induction of IL-6 appears to be an important host cell response to injury, we have examined whether IL-6 is produced by murine pancreatic islets or rat insulinoma (RIN-m5F) cells after their exposure to IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha. Islet culture supernatants contained detectable IL-6 activity which was increased 6-fold when islets were exposed to IFN-gamma and 40- and 115-fold when islets were exposed to TNF-alpha and TNF-alpha + IFN-gamma, respectively. A mAb against murine IL-6 abolished (control and IFN-gamma) or significantly reduced (TNF-alpha and TNF-alpha + IFN-gamma) the IL-6 activity in islet supernatants. The magnitude for the effects of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha on the production of IL-6 from mouse islets was found to be both time and dose dependent. Northern blot hybridization analysis of islet total cytoplasmic RNA with a cDNA probe to murine IL-6 revealed a band at 1.3 kb, the intensity of which increased in islets exposed to IFN-gamma + TNF-alpha. IL-6 activity was also detected in culture supernatants from RIN-m5F cells exposed to TNF-alpha + IFN-gamma. Islets cultured with rIL-6 secreted higher levels of insulin compared with control islets. Pancreatic islet cells, in all probability beta-cells, produce IL-6, the expression of which is up-regulated by IFN-gamma and/or TNF-alpha. In addition to a possible role in regulating pancreatic beta-cell function we propose that IL-6 produced by the pancreatic beta-cell may act as a costimulator for autoreactive B and T lymphocytes in autoimmune diabetes.
Improved synthesis of symmetrical and unsymmetrical 5,11-methanodibenzo[b,f][1,5]diazocines. Readily available nanoscale structural units (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTImproved synthesis of symmetrical and unsymmetrical 5,11-methanodibenzo[b,f][1,5]diazocines. Readily available nanoscale structural unitsThomas H. Webb and Craig S. WilcoxCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 1, 363–365Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00288a067https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00288a067research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views795Altmetric-Citations68LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Adenovirus Serotype 5-Specific Neutralizing Antibodies Target Multiple Hexon Hypervariable Regions (2011)

The immunogenicity of adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) vectors has been shown to be suppressed by neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) directed primarily against the hexon hypervariable regions (HVRs). We previously reported that replacing all seven HVRs with those from the rare serotype virus Ad48 resulted in a chimeric Ad5HVR48(1-7) vector that largely evaded preexisting Ad5 immunity in mice and rhesus monkeys. In this study, we evaluated the extent to which Ad5-specific NAbs are directed against various HVRs. We constructed partial HVR-chimeric Ad5 vectors with only a subset of HVRs exchanged, and we utilized these vectors in both NAb assays and murine immunogenicity studies with and without baseline Ad5 immunity. Our results demonstrate that Ad5-specific NAbs target multiple HVRs, suggesting that replacing all HVRs is required to optimize evasion of anti-Ad5 immunity. These data have important implications for the development of novel vectors for both vaccines and gene therapy.
Evaluating Relationships among Immature Measures of Size, Shape and Performance of Beef Bulls. II. The Relationships between Immature Measures of Size, Shape and Feedlot Traits in Young Beef Bulls (1973)

The correlations of overall size, shape and ten body measurements at 4 and 8 months to feedlot performance were obtained for 550 Hereford (H) and Angus (A) bulls. Size and shape description were obtained from principal components analyses of the ten body measures for each breed at each age. The correlations indicated that, generally, an increase in any one body dimension was associated to some degree with increased gain, weight and feed consumption in both breed groups. Increases in body dimensions had different effects on feed conversion of the two breed groups. Increasing the dimensions of H bulls improved feed conversion but increasing any one dimension of A bulls had an adverse effect on feed conversion. The first principal component which combined all body measures including weight into a single linear index contrasted large framed bulls with small framed bulls. The conclusions from the correlations between overall size and feedlot performance were similar to those drawn from single measurements. Three concepts emerged from the correlation analyses of shape and performance. Immature body shapes were associated with subsequent performance on test and more than one shape showed positive relationships to efficiency and rate of gain on test. Bulls which months subsequently grew well on test. Tall were larger in all measurements at 4 and 8 and narrow bulls of both breed groups at 4 and 8 months were observed to eat more feed, weigh more at the end of test and gain more but less efficiently than short, wide bulls. The correlations between shape and performance indicate that correlations between single measures and performance traits should be qualified. Logically, the effect of one body dimension on performance of a bull depends upon its relationship to other body dimensions. The data support the hypothesis that shape may be the result of developmental homeostatic mechanisms attempting to compensate for extremes in any one dimension. Several immature shapes were identified which had acceptable performance on test. With a variety of body shapes showing acceptable feedlot performance, the problem concerning the breeder becomes one of identifying those body types which are consistent with efficiency in other phases of beef production.
A new method for the measurement of protein turnover (1975)

A new technique for the determination of rate constants of protein degradation is described. By using the method, half-lives of total soluble protein of Lemna minor during growth on full culture medium and distilled water were measured. The method involves incubating Lemna on a growth medium containing 3H2O. After a short exposure (20 min) to 3H-labelled culture medium, 3H was found in soluble amino acids, especially aspartate, glutamate, glutamine and alanine. After transfer to a 3H-free medium for 30 min, 80% of the 3H originally present in soluble amino acids was lost. These results suggest that 3H enters and leaves amino acids at the alpha-carbon atom, a conclusion supported by the observed labelling of glutamates. The exchange of H and 3H on the alpha-carbon atom is catalysed by transaminases and the speed of this exchange ensures that when the 3H2O is removed, the 3H in free amino acids is rapidly lost, thereby eliminating problems connected with metabolic pools and recycling. After an exposure of 20 min to 3H-labelled medium all protein amino acids, except for arginine, were found to be radioactive. The loss of radioactivity from protein amino acids was used to measure protein degradation.
Low-Temperature Supercapacitors (2008)

An effort to extend the low-temperature operational limit of supercapacitors is currently underway. At present, commercially available non-aqueous supercapacitors are rated for a minimum operating temperature of -40 C. A capability to operate at lower temperatures would be desirable for delivering power to systems that must operate in outer space or in the Polar Regions on Earth. Supercapacitors (also known as double-layer or electrochemical capacitors) offer a high power density (>1,000 W/kg) and moderate energy density (about 5 to 10 Wh/kg) technology for storing energy and delivering power. This combination of properties enables delivery of large currents for pulsed applications, or alternatively, smaller currents for low duty cycle applications. The mechanism of storage of electric charge in a supercapacitor -- at the electrical double-layer formed at a solid-electrode/liquid-electrolyte interface -- differs from that of a primary or secondary electrochemical cell (i.e., a battery) in such a manner as to impart a long cycle life (typically >10(exp 6) charge/discharge cycles).
Characteristics of fiber-optic magnetic-field sensors employing metallic glasses (1982)

A variety of extremely high-sensitivity, room-temperature magnetic-field sensors have been fabricated and tested using single-mode fibers in conjunction with highly magnetostrictive metallic glasses. Minimum detectable fields of 5 x 10(-9) Oe/m fiber are reported. The typical characteristics of the fiber magnetometers are summarized.
Exploring the limits of stress-enhanced hole mobility (2005)

Hole mobility is found to more than double in fabricated p-MOSFETs with SiGe source/drain due to longitudinal compressive stress in the channel exceeding 1 GPa. The maximum observed low-field mobility enhancement is 140% at a simulated stress level of 1.45 GPa. The mobility enhancement is approximately linear with stress at moderate levels but becomes super-linear above 1 GPa. An important consequence of this behavior is that for moderate stress levels, an average channel stress can be used to estimate the performance of transistors with a nonuniform stress distribution across the channel width. Two alternative approaches to model stress-enhanced hole mobility are suggested. Analysis of the physical effects behind the experimental observations reveals the relative roles of band repopulation and mass modulation. In addition, previously published wafer bending experiments with compressive stress levels below 400 MPa are used to implicitly verify the accuracy of the stress simulations.
Clinical Experience with Fibrin Glue for Local Bleeding Control and Sealing of Vascular Prostheses (1982)

This report concerns our clinical experience with fibrin glue for local bleeding control and for sealing of vascular prostheses. Hemostasis could be achieved in 90% of 124 applications of the glue under different indications. Local application of fibrin adhesive is recommended in all types of bleeding difficult either to approach or control by conventional surgical technique. Complete sealing of low pore vascular grafts could be obtained in all operations under extracorporeal circulation and full heparinization. Highly porous grafts sealed with fibrin glue also were explored under conditions thus far requiring tightly woven grafts.
Topochemical design of bioactive peptides and peptidomimetics. (1993)

For the studies of bioactive peptides, our laboratories have been employed an integrated approach including synthesis, bioassays, and conformational analysis. To obtain highly potent, selective and metabolically stable analogs, peptidomimetics such as peptide backbone modifications (retro-inverso structures), constrained amino acids, and cyclic structures have been incorporated into many bioactive peptide sequences. The conformational studies of the resulting analogs have led to topochemical models for the bioactivities of those peptides. This lecture will be focused on the results of such studies on opioids and somatostatin. We have synthesized numerous opioid analogs with various peptidomimetics based on three classes: enkephalins, dermorphin-deltorphins, and morphiceptins. Many of these analogs exhibit high potency, selectivity, and metabolic stability. Conformational studies of these analogs have enabled us to define the structural characteristics necessary for bioactivities of morphiceptins, dermorphins, enkephalins, and deltorphins. From these results, we can propose conformational models responsible for bioactivities at the mu- and delta-receptors. Our studies of cyclic somatostatin analogs are based on the highly active Merck analog c(-Pro6-Phe7-D-Trp8-Lys9-Thr10-Phe11-) (where the superscripts denote position in native somatostatin). To investigate the topochemical preference of backbone and side chains, unusual amino acids, including beta-methylphenylalanine7 or 11, beta-methyltryptophan8, as well as backbone modifications such as retro-inverso structures have been incorporated. The bioactivity profiles of these peptidomimetic molecules provide much information on the effects of backbone and side chain constraints on bioactivity.
Fungi from Geothermal Soils in Yellowstone National Park (1999)

Geothermal soils near Amphitheater Springs in Yellowstone National Park were characterized by high temperatures (up to 70 degrees C), high heavy metal content, low pH values (down to pH 2.7), sparse vegetation, and limited organic carbon. From these soils we cultured 16 fungal species. Two of these species were thermophilic, and six were thermotolerant. We cultured only three of these species from nearby cool (0 to 22 degrees C) soils. Transect studies revealed that higher numbers of CFUs occurred in and below the root zone of the perennial plant Dichanthelium lanuginosum (hot springs panic grass). The dynamics of fungal CFUs in geothermal soil and nearby nongeothermal soil were investigated for 12 months by examining soil cores and in situ mesocosms. For all of the fungal species studied, the temperature of the soil from which the organisms were cultured corresponded with their optimum axenic growth temperature.
Abrupt Desynchronization and Extensive Multistability in Globally Coupled Oscillator Simplexes (2019)

Collective behavior in large ensembles of dynamical units with nonpairwise interactions may play an important role in several systems ranging from brain function to social networks. Despite recent work pointing to simplicial structure, i.e., higher-order interactions between three or more units at a time, their dynamical characteristics remain poorly understood. Here we present an analysis of the collective dynamics of such a simplicial system, namely coupled phase oscillators with three-way interactions. The simplicial structure gives rise to a number of novel phenomena, most notably a continuum of abrupt desynchronization transitions with no abrupt synchronization transition counterpart, as well as extensive multistability whereby infinitely many stable partially synchronized states exist. Our analysis sheds light on the complexity that can arise in physical systems with simplicial interactions like the human brain and the role that simplicial interactions play in storing information.
Warfarin treatment of chronic idiopathic urticaria and angio‐oedema (2000)

This is the first double-blind placebo-controlled study to show a response of chronic idiopathic urticaria to warfarin. The mechanisms of action are unclear and require further study.
Camphorsulfonamide‐Shielded, Asymmetric 1,4‐Additions and Enolate Alkylations; Synthesis of a Southern Corn Rootworm Pheromone. Preliminary Communication (1985)

Abstract Using readily accessible 10‐sulfonamido‐isoborneols as regenerable, chiral auxiliaries, highly face‐selective C–C‐bond formations at C α and C β of carboxylates could be conveniently achieved. Thus, conjugated additions of RCu to enoates ( 1 → 2 ) furnished, after saponification, β‐substituted carboxylic acids 3 in 94–98% e.e. Similarly, propionates 12 yielded after deprotonation, enolate alkylation, and reductive ester cleavage the ( R )‐alcohols 15 in 78–98% e.e. The acid (+)‐ 3e was converted to the pheromone (–)‐ 11 .
Plasma-Based Circulating MicroRNA Biomarkers for Parkinson's Disease (2012)

This proof-of-concept study demonstrates the feasibility of using plasma-based circulating miRNAs as biomarkers for neurodegenerative disorders such as PD and shows the challenges of molecular biomarker research using samples from multiple clinical sites.
SUMO-2/3 regulates topoisomerase II in mitosis (2003)

We have analyzed the abundance of SUMO-conjugated species during the cell cycle in Xenopus egg extracts. The predominant SUMO conjugation products associated with mitotic chromosomes arose from SUMO conjugation of topoisomerase II. Topoisomerase II was modified exclusively by SUMO-2/3 during mitosis under normal circumstances, although we observed conjugation of topoisomerase II to SUMO-1 in extracts with exogenous SUMO-1 protein. Inhibition of SUMO modification by a dominant-negative mutant of the SUMO-conjugating enzyme Ubc9 (dnUbc9) did not detectably alter topoisomerase II activity, but it did increase the amount of unmodified topoisomerase II retained on mitotic chromosomes after high salt washing. dnUbc9 did not disrupt the assembly of condensed mitotic chromosomes or block progression of extracts through mitosis, but it did block the dissociation of sister chromatids at the metaphase-anaphase transition. Together, our results suggest that SUMO conjugation is important for chromosome segregation in metazoan systems, and that mobilization of topoisomerase II from mitotic chromatin may be a key target of this modification.