gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hementin: anticoagulant protease from the salivary gland of the leech Haementeria ghilianii. (1984)

Leech Haementeria ghilianii has an anticoagulant in its salivary glands that renders ingested blood incoagulable by thrombin. The mechanism of blood incoagulation is associated with cleavage of peptide bonds in fibrinogen, and thus the active agent, called hementin, is a proteolytic enzyme. Hementin was isolated and purified 16-fold from the anterior salivary glands by anion-exchange chromatography, ammonium sulfate fractionation, and cation exchange chromatography. Pure material obtained by slab gel electrophoresis contained a single polypeptide chain with approximate Mr of 120,000. Hementin was stable for many hours at room temperature, but on incubation at 60 degrees C for 15 min all activity was lost. At 4 degrees, hementin had no activity, but this inhibition was fully reversible. Complete inactivation occurred in the presence of EDTA, cysteine, DTT, sodium phosphate and at extreme pH (greater than 11 or less than 5), whereas citrate, Tris, glycine, and EGTA caused only partial loss of activity. DFP, PMSF, iodoacetic acid, and leupeptin had no effect on hementin activity. The data indicated hementin to be a neutral metalloprotease with optimum pH of 7.5. The enzyme had high affinity for cleaving fibrinogen and calculations of kinetic data from a double-reciprocal plot gave a Km of hementin for fibrinogen of 1.0 +/- 0.1 microM. Normal human citrated plasma or fresh blood were rendered incoagulable after incubation with hementin, indicating that the enzyme activity was not affected by plasma protease inhibitors. Plasma levels of coagulation factors II, V, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII, prekallikrein, and high-molecular-weight kininogen were not altered by the enzyme. Hementin, a neutral metalloprotease resistant to plasma protease inhibitors, executes its anticoagulant effect on blood by selective cleavage of fibrinogen.
Thermal and UV Hydrosilylation of Alcohol-Based Bifunctional Alkynes on Si (111) surfaces: How surface radicals influence surface bond formation (2015)

Using two different hydrosilylation methods, low temperature thermal and UV initiation, silicon (111) hydrogenated surfaces were functionalized in presence of an OH-terminated alkyne, a CF3-terminated alkyne and a mixed equimolar ratio of the two alkynes. XPS studies revealed that in the absence of premeditated surface radical through low temperature hydrosilylation, the surface grafting proceeded to form a Si-O-C linkage via nucleophilic reaction through the OH group of the alkyne. This led to a small increase in surface roughness as well as an increase in hydrophobicity and this effect was attributed to the surficial etching of silicon to form nanosize pores (~1-3 nm) by residual water/oxygen as a result of changes to surface polarity from the grafting. Furthermore in the radical-free thermal environment, a mix in equimolar of these two short alkynes can achieve a high contact angle of ~102°, comparable to long alkyl chains grafting reported in literature although surface roughness was relatively mild (rms = ~1 nm). On the other hand, UV initiation on silicon totally reversed the chemical linkages to predominantly Si-C without further compromising the surface roughness, highlighting the importance of surface radicals determining the reactivity of the silicon surface to the selected alkynes.
Therapeutic Activation of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 by Interleukin-11 Ameliorates Cardiac Fibrosis After Myocardial Infarction (2010)

IL-11 attenuated cardiac fibrosis after MI through STAT3. Activation of the IL-11/glycoprotein 130/STAT3 axis may be a novel therapeutic strategy against cardiovascular diseases.
Partitioning strategies in Runge-Kutta type methods (1993)

Journal Article Partitioning strategies in Runge-Kutta type methods Get access R. WEINER, R. WEINER ‡Fachbereich Mathematik und Informatik, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-WittenbergPostfach, D-0-4010 Halle, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. ARNOLD, M. ARNOLD §Fachbereich Mathematik, Universität RostockUniversitätsplatz 1, D-0-2500 Rostock, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P. RENTROP, P. RENTROP †Mathematisches InstitutTU München, Arcisstr. 21, D-8000 München 2, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. STREHMEL K. STREHMEL ‡Fachbereich Mathematik und Informatik, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-WittenbergPostfach, D-0-4010 Halle, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar IMA Journal of Numerical Analysis, Volume 13, Issue 2, April 1993, Pages 303–319, https://doi.org/10.1093/imanum/13.2.303 Published: 01 April 1993 Article history Received: 04 February 1991 Revision received: 13 June 1991 Published: 01 April 1993
SK&amp;F 96365, a novel inhibitor of receptor-mediated calcium entry (1990)

A novel inhibitor of receptor-mediated calcium entry (RMCE) is described. SK&F 96365 (1-(beta-[3-(4-methoxy-phenyl)propoxy]-4-methoxyphenethyl)-1H- imidazole hydrochloride) is structurally distinct from the known 'calcium antagonists' and shows selectivity in blocking RMCE compared with receptor-mediated internal Ca2+ release. Human platelets, neutrophils and endothelial cells were loaded with the fluorescent Ca2(+)-indicator dyes quin2 or fura-2, in order to measure Ca2+ or Mn2+ entry through RMCE as well as Ca2+ release from internal stores. The IC50 (concn. producing 50% inhibition) for inhibition of RMCE by SK&F 96365 in platelets stimulated with ADP or thrombin was 8.5 microM or 11.7 microM respectively; these concentrations of SK&F 96365 did not affect internal Ca2+ release. Similar effects of SK&F 96365 were observed in suspensions of neutrophils and in single endothelial cells. SK&F 96365 also inhibited agonist-stimulated Mn2+ entry in platelets and neutrophils. The effects of SK&F 96365 were independent of cell type and of agonist, as would be expected for a compound that modulates post-receptor events. Voltage-gated Ca2+ entry in fura-2-loaded GH3 (pituitary) cells and rabbit ear-artery smooth-muscle cells held under voltage-clamp was also inhibited by SK&F 96365; however, the ATP-gated Ca2(+)-permeable channel of rabbit ear-artery smooth-muscle cells was unaffected by SK&F 96365. Thus SK&F 96365 (unlike the 'organic Ca2+ antagonists') shows no selectivity between voltage-gated Ca2+ entry and RMCE, although the lack of effect on ATP-gated channels indicates that it discriminates between different types of RMCE. The effects of SK&F 96365 on functional responses of cells thought to be dependent on Ca2+ entry via RMCE were also studied. Under conditions where platelet aggregation is dependent on stimulated Ca2+ entry via RMCE, the response was blocked by SK&F 96365 with an IC50 of 15.9 microM, which is similar to the IC50 of 8-12 microM observed for inhibition of RMCE. Adhesion and chemotaxis of neutrophils were also inhibited by SK&F 96365. SK&F 96365 is a useful tool to distinguish RMCE from internal Ca2+ release, and to probe the role of RMCE in mediating functional responses of cells. However, SK&F 96365 is not as potent (IC50 around 10 microM) or selective (also inhibits voltage-gated Ca2+ entry) as would be desirable, so caution must be exercised when using this compound.
Gene therapy of metachromatic leukodystrophy reverses neurological damage and deficits in mice (2006)

Metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) is a demyelinating lysosomal storage disorder for which new treatments are urgently needed. We previously showed that transplantation of gene-corrected hematopoietic stem progenitor cells (HSPCs) in presymptomatic myeloablated MLD mice prevented disease manifestations. Here we show that HSC gene therapy can reverse neurological deficits and neuropathological damage in affected mice, thus correcting an overt neurological disease. The efficacy of gene therapy was dependent on and proportional to arylsulfatase A (ARSA) overexpression in the microglia progeny of transplanted HSPCs. We demonstrate a widespread enzyme distribution from these cells through the CNS and a robust cross-correction of neurons and glia in vivo. Conversely, a peripheral source of enzyme, established by transplanting ARSA-overexpressing hepatocytes from transgenic donors, failed to effectively deliver the enzyme to the CNS. These results indicate that the recruitment of gene-modified, enzyme-overexpressing microglia makes the enzyme bioavailable to the brain and makes therapeutic efficacy and disease correction attainable. Overall, our data provide a strong rationale for implementing HSPC gene therapy in MLD patients.
Opsonophagocytic Killing Antibody to<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>Mucoid Exopolysaccharide in Older Noncolonized Patients with Cystic Fibrosis (1987)

The principal cause of morbidity and mortality in cystic fibrosis is persistent respiratory colonization with mucoid strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. To investigate possible mechanisms of resistance to this organism, we studied serum from 16 older (greater than or equal to 12 years) patients not colonized with mucoid P. aeruginosa, 11 older (greater than or equal to 14 years) colonized patients, 10 younger (less than or equal to 11 years) noncolonized patients, and 20 healthy adults. The samples from the older patients not colonized with mucoid P. aeruginosa contained antibody specific to the mucoid-exopolysaccharide antigen, which could mediate bacterial killing in conjunction with complement and white cells (titers of 4 to 80). These opsonophagocytic killing antibodies were not detected in samples from the 20 normal controls (P less than 0.0001 vs. noncolonized older patients) or 9 of 10 younger (less than or equal to 11 years) noncolonized patients (P = 0.0072 vs. noncolonized older patients). Although the patients with chronic colonization had higher titers of serum opsonophagocytic killing antibody than did the older noncolonized patients (P = 0.0005), these antibodies were not specific to the mucoid-exopolysaccharide antigen. We conclude that there is an association between mucoid-exopolysaccharide-specific opsonophagocytic killing antibody and a lack of detectable P. aeruginosa colonization in a subset of older, relatively healthy patients with cystic fibrosis.
Identification and Characterization of Zeolites Synthesized in the K<sub>2</sub>O-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-SiO<sub>2</sub>-H<sub>2</sub>O System (1977)

Close examination has revealed some confusion in the identification of the various zeolites synthesized in the K2O-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O system. Linde H and Linde M have been found to consist of mixtures of other species. Recent papers have erroneously identified a species as zeolite Z (K-F); in fact, the material most closely resembles Linde F zeolite, not zeolite Z. Based upon these proper identifications the relationships between the various species reported by different authors have now been clarified.
A novel protein-tyrosine kinase, tec, is preferentially expressed in liver. (1990)

To identify protein-tyrosine kinases which play an important role in the process of hepatocarcinogenesis, we have screened a murine liver cDNA library with v-fps kinase domain as a probe. Using low stringency screening, we could isolate cDNAs of a putative protein-tyrosine kinase, tec (tyrosine kinase expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma). Nucleotide sequences of the cDNAs show that the C-terminal domain of its predicted protein has significant homology with that of the members of the src family. The tec gene is expressed mainly in liver and faintly in heart, kidney and ovary. Northern analysis further shows that in 2 out of 4 cell lines of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) the tec gene is highly expressed compared to normal human liver. This is the first report showing a protein-tyrosine kinase which may be specifically involved in the cell growth of hepatocytes or in the step of hepatocarcinogenesis.
Scalable join processing on very large RDF graphs (2009)

With the proliferation of the RDF data format, engines for RDF query processing are faced with very large graphs that contain hundreds of millions of RDF triples. This paper addresses the resulting scalability problems. Recent prior work along these lines has focused on indexing and other physical-design issues. The current paper focuses on join processing, as the fine-grained and schema-relaxed use of RDF often entails star- and chain-shaped join queries with many input streams from index scans.
On the modes and loss mechanisms of a high <i>Q</i> mechanical oscillator (2001)

We have performed laser-Doppler vibrometry measurements of the vibration of a double-paddle oscillator. Seven modes with principally out-of-plane motion have been identified. Their resonance frequencies and mode shapes are in excellent agreement with three-dimensional finite element simulations. We have found that the second antisymmetric torsional mode has exceptionally good vibration isolation of its mode shape. This explains its extremely small low temperature internal friction below 10 K (2×10−8). By correlating the internal friction of each mode with features of their mode shapes, a criterion has been established to develop high Q oscillators.
High temperature degradation of Pt/Ti electrodes in micro-hotplate gas sensors (2003)

S.S119-S124
The Complete DNA Sequence of Varicella-Zoster Virus (1986)

The entire DNA sequence of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) was determined using the M13-dideoxynucleotide technology. The genome is variable in size, but the sequence which was obtained comprises 124884 bp. Analysis of the sequence indicated that the genome contains 70 genes distributed about equally between the two DNA strands. The genes are organized compactly, but regions of overlap between protein-coding regions are not extensive. Many of the genes are arranged in 3′-coterminal families, and at least one is spliced. The discerned organization of VZV genes and that deduced for herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) from published transcript mapping data indicate that these two members of the Alphaherpesvirinae are very similar in gene layout. Comparisons of the predicted amino acid sequences of VZV proteins with those available for HSV-1 proteins generally suggest evolution from an ancestral genome, and allow the functions of several VZV genes to be deduced, although limited regions where the genomes differ in functional organization were also identified.
Robust bank angle estimation for rolling stability control on electric vehicle (2010)

In this paper, vehicle state variables and bank angle estimation for rolling stability control (RSC) is proposed using one accelerometer and two gyro sensors, instead of using inertial navigation system (INS) or global positioning system (GPS). We proposed a novel robust RSC for in-wheel motor electric vehicle (IMEV) using differential torque by right and left motors which are controlled independently. On bank road, reference lateral acceleration should be corrected properly because output of accelerometer contains a gravity term by the inclination of the sprung mass. Bank angle should be estimated for the high performance RSC too. In this paper, vehicle yaw and roll motion equations are described. Influence of road bank is assumed as disturbance input to the vehicle dynamics at first. Then bank angle is redefined as a state variable and estimated by Kalman filter. Adaptive identification method with respect to cornering stiffness is applied for robust estimation and minimum-order observer is applied to reduce the amount of calculation. In this process, it is shown that vehicle roll angle can be calculated using an accelerometer and a gyro sensor. Validity of proposed methods is verified by simulation results.
The encapsulation and release of guanosine from PEGylated liposomes (2009)

The encapsulation and release kinetics of guanosine from liposomes and polyethylene glycol (PEG)-modified liposomes are reported. Specifically, the influence of PEG chain length, PEGylation level, lipid type, drug-loading level, temperature, and solution conditions (i.e., salt and pH effects) on the rate and mechanism for release have been determined. Increasing PEGylation significantly reduced the guanosine release kinetics; this is more significant for greater molecular weight PEG and is correlated with the PEG layer thickness. Further, the mechanism for guanosine release changed from diffusion to interfacial control as the PEG level increased. The interfacial structure introduced by PEG also increased the activation energy required for guanosine transport across the lipid bilayer from 14 to 22 kJ mol(-1). Findings from this study provide further insight into optimizing the formulation of Stealth liposomes.
Decreased β-Amyloid<sub>1-42</sub>and Increased Tau Levels in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients With Alzheimer Disease (2003)

Alzheimer disease is associated with a significant decrease in CSF beta-amyloid1-42 levels along with an increase in CSF tau levels. These findings suggest that the 2 measures are biological markers of AD pathophysiology. While these CSF measures may have a potential clinical utility as biomarkers of disease, the preliminary and retrospective nature of the findings, the absence of assay standardization, and the lack of comparison patient populations must be addressed in future studies testing the usefulness of these CSF measures for predictive, diagnostic, or treatment evaluation purposes.
Differential Cell Surface Expression of the STRO-1 and Alkaline Phosphatase Antigens on Discrete Developmental Stages in Primary Cultures of Human Bone Cells (1999)

Human osteoblast-like cells can be readily cultured from explants of trabecular bone, reproducibly expressing the characteristics of cells belonging to the osteoblastic lineage. Dual-color fluorescence-activated cell sorting was employed to develop a model of bone cell development in primary cultures of normal human bone cells (NHBCs) based on the cell surface expression of the stromal precursor cell marker STRO-1 and the osteoblastic marker alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Cells expressing the STRO-1 antigen exclusively (STRO-1+/ALP-), were found to exhibit qualities preosteoblastic in nature both functionally by their reduced ability to form a mineralized bone matrix over time, as measured by calcium release assay, and in the lack of their expression of various bone-related markers including bone sialoprotein, osteopontin, and parathyroid hormone receptor based on reverse trancriptase polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. The majority of the NHBCs which expressed the STRO-1-/ALP+ and STRO-1-/ALP- phenotypes appeared to represent fully differentiated osteoblasts, while the STRO-1+/ALP+ subset represented an intermediate preosteoblastic stage of development. All STRO-1/ALP NHBC subsets were also found to express the DNA-binding transcription factor CBFA-1, confirming that these cultures represent committed osteogenic cells. In addition, our primer sets yielded four distinct alternative splice variants of the expected PCR product for CBFA-1 in each of the STRO-1/ALP subsets, with the exception of the proposed preosteoblastic STRO-1+/ALP- subpopulation. Furthermore, upon re-culture of the four different STRO-1/ALP subsets only the STRO-1+/ALP- subpopulation was able to give rise to all of the four subsets yielding the same proportions of STRO-1/ALP expression as in the original primary cultures. The data presented in this study demonstrate a hierarchy of bone cell development in vitro and facilitate the study of bone cell differentiation and function.
Regulatory Sequences of Arabidopsis Drive Reporter Gene Expression in Nematode Feeding Structures (1997)

Nathalie Barthels, Frederique M. van der Lee, Joke Klap, Oscar J. M. Goddijn, Mansour Karimi, Piotr Puzio, Florian M. W. Grundler, Stephan A. Ohl, Keith Lindsey, Lee Robertson, Walter M. Robertson, Marc Van Montagu, Godelieve Gheysen, Peter C. Sijmons, Regulatory Sequences of Arabidopsis Drive Reporter Gene Expression in Nematode Feeding Structures, The Plant Cell, Vol. 9, No. 12 (Dec., 1997), pp. 2119-2134
Identification of human triple-negative breast cancer subtypes and preclinical models for selection of targeted therapies (2011)

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly diverse group of cancers, and subtyping is necessary to better identify molecular-based therapies. In this study, we analyzed gene expression (GE) profiles from 21 breast cancer data sets and identified 587 TNBC cases. Cluster analysis identified 6 TNBC subtypes displaying unique GE and ontologies, including 2 basal-like (BL1 and BL2), an immunomodulatory (IM), a mesenchymal (M), a mesenchymal stem-like (MSL), and a luminal androgen receptor (LAR) subtype. Further, GE analysis allowed us to identify TNBC cell line models representative of these subtypes. Predicted "driver" signaling pathways were pharmacologically targeted in these cell line models as proof of concept that analysis of distinct GE signatures can inform therapy selection. BL1 and BL2 subtypes had higher expression of cell cycle and DNA damage response genes, and representative cell lines preferentially responded to cisplatin. M and MSL subtypes were enriched in GE for epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and growth factor pathways and cell models responded to NVP-BEZ235 (a PI3K/mTOR inhibitor) and dasatinib (an abl/src inhibitor). The LAR subtype includes patients with decreased relapse-free survival and was characterized by androgen receptor (AR) signaling. LAR cell lines were uniquely sensitive to bicalutamide (an AR antagonist). These data may be useful in biomarker selection, drug discovery, and clinical trial design that will enable alignment of TNBC patients to appropriate targeted therapies.
Efficiently Managing Context Information for Large-Scale Scenarios (2005)

In this paper, we address the data management aspect of large-scale pervasive computing systems. We aim at building an infrastructure that simultaneously supports many kinds of context-aware applications, ranging from room level up to nation level. This all-embracing approach gives rise to synergetic benefits like data reuse and sensor sharing. We identify major classes of context data and detail on their characteristics relevant for efficiently managing large amounts of it. Based on that, we argue that for large-scale systems it is beneficial to have special-purpose servers that are optimized for managing a certain class of context data. In the Nexus project we have implemented five servers for different classes of context data and a very flexible federation middleware integrating all these servers. For each of them, we highlight in which way the requirements of the targeted class of data are tackled and discuss our experiences.
Sacral Neuromodulation in Patients with Idiopathic Overactive Bladder after Initial Botulinum Toxin Therapy (2013)

Despite the small sample size, this study indicates that patients who are dissatisfied with or in whom botulinum toxin-A treatment fails can respond successfully to sacral neuromodulation. The success rate of the test stimulation was comparable to that of patients who have never been treated with botulinum toxin-A. The 1-year satisfaction rate was comparable that of patients without a history of botulinum toxin-A treatment.