생활필수 (生活必須) 어휘 (語彙) 정보처리 (情報處理)에 따른 뇌성 (腦性)마비아 (兒)의 단기기억 (短期記憶) 효과 (1991)

Two experiments were conducted to explore cerebral palsied students` short-term memory(STM) for survival vocabularies. Experiment I examined how importance levels of these words influence STM, and experiment II examined how different rehearsal methods affect STM of these students. The educational implications of this study are expected to be great because its results would suggest the possibilities of improving cerebral palsied students` ability to learn survival vocabularies as well as their STM in general. The goals of the present study was to examine STM of cerebral palsied students for survival vocabularies. The specific objectives of this study were as follows: First, to determine effects of the importance level of survival vocabularies on STM of cerebral palsied students. Second, to determine which rehearsal method will result in better STM for these students. Third, to explore the relationship among intelligence, handicapped condition, and STM of cerebral palsied students. Experimental stimuli were 24 survival vocabularies sampled from the total of 60 Korean Survival Vocabularies reported by Ahn and Jun(1991). Subjects were 48 cerebral palsied students selected from the schools for physically handicapped children in Taegu. Of these, 24 were spastic and the remaining 24 were nonspastic; 38 of them were boys and 10 were girls. Both experiment I and II employed 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design. Independent variables for experiment I were importance level of the stimulus words, intelligence and physically handicapped condition of the subjects. Independent variables of experiment II were rehearsal strategy, intelligence, and physically handicapped condition. For both experiments, the dependent variables were the number of correctly recalled syllables of the stimulus words, the number of incorrectly recalled syllables, and the number of correctly recalled whole words. Data were analyzed by using 3-way analyses of variance and t-test. The result of this study were as follows: First, the importance level of survival vocabularies, intelligence, and physically handicapped condition of the subjects all had significant effects on cerebral palsied students` STM under simple recall condition. More specifically, 1) Cerebral palsied subjects recall was better for the words of which importance level is high than the words whose importance level is law. 2) High intelligent subjects recalled more survival vocabularies than did low intelligent subjects. 3) Nonspastic students recalled more words than did spastic Students. Second, it was found that, under the condition in which simple recall and subvocal rehearsal were applied, rehearsal method, intelligence, and physically handicapped condition significantly affected the subjects` STM. More specifically, 1) For survival vocabularies, subvocal self rehearsal brought about better STM than did subvocal others rehearsal. 2) Under the condition in which simple recall and subvocal rehearsals were is employed, high intelligents students showed higher STM performance than low intelligent students. 3) Under the condition in which simple recall an subvocal rehearsals were applied, nonspastic students showed better STM performance than spastic students. Finally, both spastic and nonspastic students recalled high importance words more then low importance words. However, rehearsal strategy physically handicapped condition interacted with each other. That is, while rehearsal methods did not have differential effects of STM for spastic students, for nonspastic students, subvocal self rehearsal boosted STM more than subvacal others rehearsal.