gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Short-term Preservation of Human Autografts (1983)

Short-term storage of a patient's harvested skin is clinically desirable for numerous reasons. Previous experience in our center using a skin storage solution of saline with a high concentration of antibiotics resulted in poor graft viability and an unsatisfactory clinical outcome. This report defines an improved method of storage which allows longer storage time, yielding viable skin and results in subsequent graft acceptance on the patient. Split-thickness autografts from patients were stored in: 1) saline + 10(4) units/ml penicillin and 0.005 gm/ml streptomycin, or 2) RPMI-1640 + 25 units/ml penicillin and 25 mcg/ml streptomycin, at 4 degrees C. The pH range of the saline solution was 5.90-6.20, compared to 7.20-7.32 for the RPMI-1640 solution. The medium was changed every 3 to 4 days during the storage period. Before graft reapplication the autografts were rinsed with sterile saline. Previous clinical results using the saline-antibiotic storage solution resulted in poor graft viability and no graft survival was noted on patients after 5 days of skin storage. In contrast 11/16 autografts which had been stored in the RPMI-1640 solution for 5 to 22 days (median, 11 days) were successful takes when regrafted to patients. Graft loss was observed in five cases due to the following reasons: inability to immobilize graft (one); poor vascular bed (two); and bacterial infections (two). These data are in agreement with results reported in a separate paper, demonstrating the effectiveness of RPMI-1640 as a storage medium for maintaining viable human skin grafts which were subsequently transplanted to athymic nude mice.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Hierarchical data structures and algorithms for computer graphics. I. Fundamentals (1988)

The fundamentals of hierarchical data structures are reviewed and it is shown how they are used in the implementation of some basic operations in computer graphics. The properties of hierarchical structures are discussed, focusing on quadtrees and octrees. The latter are defined, some of the more common ways in which they are implemented are examined, and an explanation of the quadtree/octree complexity theorem is provided. Vector quadtrees and vector octrees are discussed. The performance of basic operations using quadtrees is considered.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Injectable Prostaglandin Inhibitors Prior to Cataract Surgery (1987)

Journal of Cataract & Refractive Surgery 13(4):p 459-460, July 1987. | DOI: 10.1016/S0886-3350(87)80060-3
Fiber-Reinforced Composites: Materials, Manufacturing, and Design, Third Edition (2007)

The newly expanded and revised edition of Fiber-Reinforced Composites: Materials, Manufacturing, and Design presents the most up-to-date resource available on state-of-the-art composite materials. This book is unique in that it not only offers a current analysis of mechanics and properties, but also examines the latest advances in test metho
Integration processes of (Ba,Sr)TiO/sub 3/ capacitor for 1 Gb and beyond [DRAMs] (2002)

A new two-step post-annealing process to prevent degradation of integrated BST capacitors was developed. By this process, the increment of capacitance and the reduction of leakage current were obtained without barrier oxidation. A concave-type capacitor structure with buried barrier using Pt electrodes and MOCVD BST films was demonstrated in order to solve the integration problems such as Pt etching and the contact between the BST and the barrier. The electrical properties of MOCVD BST capacitor in 3-dimensional structure were investigated.
Natural Plant Chemicals: Sources of Industrial and Medicinal Materials (1985)

Many higher plants produce economically important organic compounds such as oils, resins, tannins, natural rubber, gums, waxes, dyes, flavors and fragrances, pharmaceuticals, and pesticides. However, most species of higher plants have never been described, much less surveyed for chemical or biologically active constituents, and new sources of commercially valuable materials remain to be discovered. Advances in biotechnology, particularly methods for culturing plant cells and tissues, should provide new means for the commercial processing of even rare plants and the chemicals they produce. These new technologies will extend and enhance the usefulness of plants as renewable resources of valuable chemicals. In the future, biologically active plant-derived chemicals can be expected to play an increasingly significant role in the commercial development of new products for regulating plant growth and for insect and weed control.
CYTOKINE AND CHEMOKINE EXPRESSION KINETICS AFTER CORNEAL TRANSPLANTATION1 (2000)

There is an early cytokine and chemokine response to the transplantation process, evident in syngeneic and allogeneic grafts, that probably drives angiogenesis, leukocyte recruitment, and affects leukocyte functions. After an immune response has been generated, allogeneic rejection results in the expression of Th1 cytokines (IL-2, IL-12 p40, IFN-gamma), Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-13), and antiinflammatory/Th3 cytokines (TGF-beta1/2 and IL-1RA).
Acute treatment of headache (2006)

Effective acute treatment of headache begins with making an accurate diagnosis and ruling out secondary causes of headache. Once a primary headache is diagnosed, it is important to choose the right combination of behavioural therapy and acute care (abortive and symptomatic) therapy for each patient. Some patients may need preventive medication on a daily basis. If patients overuse acute medications and develop medication overuse headache (previously called analgesic rebound headache), they often seek medical attention due to the chronicity and/or intensity of their pain and resultant disability. For acute care of migraine, physicians should choose a triptan they know and expect to work. They should prescribe the dose and route of administration that will provide the most rapid and complete response to all the associated symptoms of migraine, in addition to the pain. The effectiveness of the 7 available triptans in early, double-blind, controlled trials is more similar than different. How and when to give them will be discussed. Treatment of cluster headache will be presented briefly.
Regular review: Bovine spongiform encephalopathy and variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (2001)

It is sometimes forgotten that in the story of bovine spongiform encephalopathy and variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease there is but one incontestable fact, that bovine spongiform encephalopathy is the cause of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. First suggested by their temporospatial association and the distinctive features of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, the link has since been proved by their equally distinctive and shared biological and molecular features.1–3 All the rest is speculation, more or less plausible according to the arguments advanced and the absence of any satisfactory alternative explanations.

From an epidemiological point of view bovine spongiform encephalopathy has been a classic epidemic and will undoubtedly become a textbook example for students (fig 1). From economic, political, and medical points of view it has been an unmitigated disaster. Why did it begin when it did, and how did it happen?

#### Summary points

The infectious agent that causes scrapie in sheep crossed the species barrier to bovines to cause bovine spongiform encephalopathy

Changes in the rendering of livestock carcases allowed infectivity to survive and contaminate meat and bone meal in livestock feed, amplifying infection to epidemic proportions

Export of contaminated meat and bone meal and live cattle incubating the disease caused the spread of bovine spongiform encephalopathy to other countries

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy caused variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, most probably through adulteration of cooked meat products with mechanically recovered meat contaminated by compressed spinal cord and paraspinal ganglia

International regulatory measures are limiting the further spread of bovine spongiform encephalopathy, its entry into the human food chain, and potential secondary human to human spread of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, so that both diseases should gradually disappear



FIG 1 
Chronology of epidemic of bovine spongiform encephalopathy in United Kingdom, 1986-2000



The first case of a cow with bovine spongiform encephalopathy was diagnosed in 1986, and because of the long …
Reproducible technique for fabrication of thin films of high transition temperature superconductors (1987)

We report on a new process to make films of Y1Ba2Cu3O7 using coevaporation of Y, Cu, and BaF2 on SrTiO3 substrates. The films have high transition temperatures (up to 91 K for a full resistive transition), high critical current densities (106 A/cm2 at 81 K), and a reduced sensitivity to fabrication and environmental conditions. Because of the lower reactivity of the films, we have been able to pattern them in both the pre-annealed and post-annealed states using conventional positive photoresist technology.
Tenascin-C Enhances Pancreatic Cancer Cell Growth and Motility and Affects Cell Adhesion through Activation of the Integrin Pathway (2011)

TNC affects proliferation, migration and adhesion of poorly differentiated pancreatic cancer cell lines and might therefore play a role in PDAC spreading and metastasis in vivo.
Meso tetrakis ortho-, meta-, and para-<font>N</font>-alkylpyridiniopor-phyrins: kinetics of copper(II) and zinc(II) incorporation and zinc porphyrin demetalation (2003)

The relative reactivities of the tetrakis( N -alkylpyridinium- X - yl )-porphyrins where X = 4 (alkyl = methyl, ethyl, n -propyl) , X = 3 (methyl) , and X = 2 (methyl, ethyl, n -propyl, n -butyl, n -hexyl, n -octyl) were studied in aqueous solution. From the ionic strength dependence of the metalation rate constants, the effective charge of a particular cationic porphyrin was usually larger when copper(II) rather than zinc(II) was the reactant. The kinetics of ZnOH + incorporation and the acid catalyzed removal of zinc from the porphyrins in 1.0 M HCl were also studied. In general, the more basic 4- (para-) and 3- (meta-) isomers were the most reactive, followed by the less basic 2- (ortho-) methyl to n -butyl derivatives, with the lipophilic ortho n -hexyl and n -octyl porphyrins the least reactive.
Pueblos indigenas, pobreza y desarrollo humano en America Latina (2004)

We investigated the growth and nutrient uptake of the Lycopersicon esculentum symbiosis mycorrhiza-defective plant mutant rmc, challenged with arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) fungal propagules, in the presence or absence of roots of the commercial wild-type tomato cv. Golden Queen (GQ). Two plants shared the middle (combi) compartment of a horizontal three-compartment split-root pot with one part of their root system; the other part was grown separately in an outer (solo) pot. Combinations of rmc and GQ plants were grown together in soil that was either mycorrhiza-free (-M) or prepared with AM fungal inoculum (+M). Surface colonization of rmc roots was strongly increased in the presence of (+M) GQ roots. AM fungal inoculation increased phosphorus uptake of GQ plants, but decreased growth and P uptake of rmc plants. Growth and P uptake of (+M) GQ plants were reduced when plants were grown in combination with rmc rather than another GQ plant. AM fungi in the (combi) compartment may have preferentially formed hyphae spreading infection rather than functioning in P uptake in (+M) GQ plants grown in combination with rmc. Surface colonization of (+M) rmc roots, in the presence of GQ roots, was probably established at the expense of carbohydrates from associated GQ plants. Possible reasons for a decreased P uptake of rmc plants in response to AM fungal inoculation are proposed.
In Vitro Fungicidal Activity of Acidic Electrolyzed Oxidizing Water (2002)

Acidic electrolyzed oxidizing (EO) water, generated by electrolysis of a dilute salt solution, recently gained attention in the food industry as a nonthermal method for microbial inactivation. Our objective was to determine if EO water has potential to control foliar diseases in greenhouses. Test fungi suspended in distilled water were combined with EO water (1:9 water:EO water) for various time periods, the EO water was neutralized, and germination was assessed after 24 h. Germination of all 22 fungal species tested was significantly reduced or prevented by EO water. All relatively thin-walled species (e.g., Botrytis, Monilinia) were killed by incubation times of 30 s or less. Thicker-walled, pigmented fungi (e.g., Curvularia, Helminthosporium) required 2 min or longer for germination to be reduced significantly. Dilution of EO water with tap water at ratios of 1:4 and 1:9 (EO:tap water) decreased efficacy against Botrytis cinerea. The presence of Triton X-100 (all concentrations) and Tween 20 (1 and 10%) eliminated the activity of EO water against B. cinerea. EO water did not damage geranium leaf tissue and inhibited lesion development by B. cinerea when applied up to 24 h postinoculation. EO water has a wide fungicidal activity which could facilitate its use as a contact fungicide on aerial plant surfaces and for general sanitation in the greenhouse.
Modeling the modification depth of carbon dioxide laser-treated dental enamel (1999)

The depth of modification is consistent with the presented model that incorporates the absorption depth and thermal relaxation time/pulse duration. However, repeated irradiation is required for complete removal of carbonate, depending on absorption depth and pulse duration.
Complementary And Alternative Medicine Use among American Women: Findings from The National Health Interview Survey, 2002 (2007)

This study provides a comprehensive profile of recent CAM use among a national sample of American women, including user characteristics and reasons and conditions for use. Widespread CAM use reflects a social phenomenon of healthcare-seeking practices that can potentially inform public health strategies for health promotion and disease prevention.
DeepEye: Towards Automatic Data Visualization (2018)

Data visualization is invaluable for explaining the significance of data to people who are visually oriented. The central task of automatic data visualization is, given a dataset, to visualize its compelling stories by transforming the data (e.g., selecting attributes, grouping and binning values) and deciding the right type of visualization (e.g., bar or line charts). We present DEEPEYE, a novel system for automatic data visualization that tackles three problems: (1) Visualization recognition: given a visualization, is it "good or "bad"? (2) Visualization ranking: given two visualizations, which one is "better"? And (3) Visualization selection: given a dataset, how to find top-k visualizations? DEEPEYE addresses (1) by training a binary classifier to decide whether a particular visualization is good or bad. It solves (2) from two perspectives: (i) Machine learning: it uses a supervised learning-to-rank model to rank visualizations; and (ii) Expert rules: it relies on experts' knowledge to specify partial orders as rules. Moreover, a "boring" dataset may become interesting after data transformations (e.g., binning and grouping), which forms a large search space. We also discuss optimizations to efficiently compute top-k visualizations, for approaching (3). Extensive experiments verify the effectiveness of DEEPEYE".
Improved algorithm for the deinterleaving of radar pulses (1992)

The paper presents an improved method for the deinterleaving of radar signals, based on a time of arrival analysis and the use of the sequential difference histogram (SDIF) for determining the pulse repetition interval (PRI). The optimal detection threshold in the SDIF histogram is derived, which greatly contributes to the efficiency of the algorithm. The algorithm is applied to classic, frequency-agile and staggered PRI radar signals. It is shown that the new method is very successful in high-pulse-density radar environments and for complex signal types. Special attention is given to an application of this method to the multiple-parameter deinterleaving algorithm.
Migration of electronegative substituents. I. Relative migratory aptitude and migration tendency of the carbethoxy group in the dienone-phenol rearrangement (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMigration of electronegative substituents. I. Relative migratory aptitude and migration tendency of the carbethoxy group in the dienone-phenol rearrangementJohn N. Marx, J. Craig Argyle, and Lewis R. NormanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1974, 96, 7, 2121–2129Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00814a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00814a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1301Altmetric-Citations56LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Mast cell‐mediated apoptosis of endothelial cells in vitro: A paracrine mechanism involving TNF‐α‐mediated down‐regulation of bcl‐2 expression (2003)

Degranulated mast cells are present in the subendothelial space of eroded (de-endothelialized) coronary atheromas. Upon degranulation, mast cells secrete into the surrounding tissue an array of preformed and newly synthesized mediators, including proapoptotic molecules, such as chymase and TNF-alpha. In a co-culture system involving rat serosal mast cells and rat cardiac (microvascular) endothelial cells, we could show, by means of competitive RT-PCR, immunoblotting, immunocytochemistry, annexin staining, flow cytometry, and DNA-laddering, that stimulation of mast cells with ensuing degranulation rapidly (within 30 min) down-regulated the expression of both bcl-2 mRNA and protein, with subsequent induction of apoptosis in the endothelial cells. The major effect of bcl-2 down-regulation resided in the exocytosed granule remnants, a minor effect also being present in the granule remnant-free supernatant. No significant changes were observed in the expression levels of the pro-apoptotic protein, bax. The mast cell-mediated apoptotic effect was partially (70%) dependent on the presence of TNF-alpha and involved the translocation of cytochrome C from mitochondria into cytoplasm. These results are the first to show that one of the cell types present in the atherosclerotic plaques, namely the mast cell, by releasing both granule-remnant-bound and soluble TNF-alpha, may contribute to the erosion of atherosclerotic plaques by inducing apoptosis in adjacent endothelial cells. Published 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Effect of Methanol Concentration on CTAB Micellization and on the Formation of Surfactant-Templated Silica (STS) (1998)

We use light-scattering techniques to study the effects of methanol concentration on alkaline, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) water:methanol micellar solutions. We use X-ray diffraction, SEM, TEM, 29Si NMR, and gas sorption measurements to study the structure, microstructure, and porosity of surfactant-templated silica (STS), synthesized by adding tetramethoxysilane (TMOS) to the above micellar solutions. The measured critical micelle concentration (cmc) for CTAB at 25 °C in a 0.22 M NaOH (pH 13.2) solvent increases from ∼1.3 × 10-3 M for r = 0% to ∼5.5 × 10-2 M for r = 60% (where r is the wt % methanol in the mixture) as the concentration of methanol increases. In turn, the long-range order of STS decreases as the methanol concentration increases. Ordered STS forms for 0 ≤ r < 60%, where the concentration of CTAB, c, is greater than cmc in the precursor solution; disordered STS (resembling wormlike micelles) forms for 60 ≤ r ≤ 90%, where c < cmc. For r > 90% transparent, amorphous chemical gels form. The presence of methanol leads to a uniform submicron microstructure as compared to faceted 1−10-μm particles with pure water. After template removal, apparent BET surface areas for STS can exceed 950 m2/g, and the void volume can exceed 0.6 cm3/g. Initially, there is a high fraction of uncondensed silica in the as-made product (Q3/Q4 ≈ 2.1), but after calcination a strong, bonded siloxane framework forms (Q3/Q4 ≈ 0.40).
Activation of platelet phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase requires the small GTP-binding protein Rho. (1993)

The small GTP-binding protein Rho regulates the assembly of actin stress fibers and focal adhesions in cells responding to growth factors. ADP-ribosylation of Rho by C3 transferase blocks this function; however, an enzymatic target for Rho has not yet been defined. We now report that Rho activates phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase in soluble preparations of platelets. Activation of phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase by GTP gamma S is blocked by ADP-ribosylation of endogenous Rho, and Rho shifts to the cytoskeleton in platelets exposed to thrombin. The inhibitory effects of ADP-ribosylation are overcome by exogenous recombinant Rho but not by recombinant Rac, another member of the Ras superfamily. Exposure of platelets to thrombin has been reported to lead to activation of phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase, a shift of this enzyme to the platelet membrane skeleton, and rapid cytoskeletal reorganization. In other studies, ADP-ribosylation of Rho has been found to inhibit thrombin-induced platelet aggregation, a cytoskeletally linked event. We suggest that Rho may exert its effects on cytoskeletal reorganization via phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase.
APNEIC OXYGENATION IN MAN (1959)

The authors are in the Departments of Anesthesiology and Biochemistry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, and the Anesthesiology Service, The Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York.