gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enhancements to the Strongly Coupled, Fully Implicit Well Model: Wellbore Crossflow Modeling and Collective Well Control (1983)

ABSTRACT A strongly coupled well model is described for use in a fully implicit 3-phase reservoir simulator. The model uses three variables for each well, instead of the usual single variable representing the well's bottom hole pressure. The two extra variables describe the contents of the wellbore, and provide a means of modeling crossflow of fluid between reservoir layers through the wellbore. For each of the standard modes of well control, it is possible to express the well flow rates in terms of the three well variables alone. This provides a convenient means of handling fully implicitly the collective interactions between wells that occur with group and field production rate control and re-injection or voidage replacement operations. An example simulation is presented, to illustrate the capabilities of the fully implicit collective well control algorithm.
Acceleration of Wound Healing with High Voltage, Monophasic, Pulsed Current (1988)

The purpose of this study was to determine whether high voltage electrical stimulation accelerates the rate of healing of dermal ulcers. Sixteen patients with stage IV decubitis ulcers, ranging in age from 20 to 89 years, participated in the study. The patients were assigned randomly to either a Treatment Group (n = 9) or a Control Group (n = 7). Patients in the Treatment Group received daily electrical stimulation from a commercial high voltage generator. Patients in the Control Group had the electrodes applied daily but received no stimulation. The ulcers of patients in the Treatment Group healed at a mean rate of 44.8% a week and healed 100% over a mean period of 7.3 weeks. The ulcers of patients in the Control Group increased in area an average of 11.6% a week and increased 28.9% over a mean period of 7.4 weeks. The results of this study suggest that high voltage stimulation accelerates the healing rate of stage IV decubitis ulcers in human subjects.
Molecular Pathology -- Detection of Neoplasia (1994)

Modern concepts of neoplasia rely on the evidence that a tumor arises from the clonal progeny of a single transformed cell. This ancestral cell of the neoplasm has multiple sites of acquired, and sometimes inherited, DNA damage that all its progeny share. During the early steps of carcinogenesis, there may be genetic alterations that lead to an intrinsic genetic instability, allowing additional mutations to accumulate. These genetic changes confer selective advantages on the clone of tumor cells by disrupting the regulation of cell proliferation. This mechanism permits the evolution of tumor-cell subclones and favors neoplastic progression. The analysis of tumors . . .
The World Parrot Trust (1992)

Conservation organisations and environment-related charities began to emerge as a strong force in the decade of the '80s. Now we are in the '90s and the impact that they can make on conservation issues is widely felt throughout the world, but especially in the tropics where many issues are a matter of great urgency. If an area of rainforest is not saved this year, ten, twenty or thirty species could be irrevocably lost to extinction next year. Unfortunately, this is a scenario which is repeating itself in countless areas of the globe. Throughout the world, bird populations act like an environmental barometer, often giving an early warning to the fact that man is damaging the environment to an unacceptable degree, and that some action must be taken to reverse the damage, whether it is due to pollution, destruction ofhabHat or hunt ing and harvesting of wildlife. Gone are the days when protection of the environment was seen as an activity for groups with an interest in saving a certain species of bird or animal. Now it is recognised that it is the survival of the human race which is also at stake. And with this recognition also comes the awareness that every one of us has a voice which can be heard and which can influence environmental issues.
Project Management and Communication of Product Development through Electronic Document Management (2000)

While the literature on project management and product development is voluminous, in reality little of it addresses the questions of document management of new organizational procedures to increase project development productivity, and of software development tools required to support and control these procedures. This research study develops a new methodology to integrate project management (activities, milestones, and resources) and document management (responsibilities, authorizations, workflows, archives, and storage). The aim of the integration is threefold. First, it aims to plan and to control activities and documents essential for product development. Second, it aims to ensure the management of documents in terms of responsibilities, authorizations, dissemination, and storage. And third, it aims to trace and locate documents for any type of product. Further, this study shows the value of electronic document management (EDM) in terms of improving the management and communication of concepts and ideas, whether it be for project teams or organizations, for reengineering basic business processes, or for leveraging long-run organizational memory through documents.
Characterization of Metalloproteinases and Tissue Inhibitors of Metalloproteinases in Human Plasma (1992)

In this study, we have identified and characterized metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) in human plasma. Treatment of plasma with trypsin or aminophenylmercuric acetate resulted in activation of latent gelatinolytic activity. Fractionation of plasma by gelatin Sepharose chromatography resulted in the isolation of 72 kDa and 92 kDa gelatinases/type IV collagenases. The 72 kDa gelatinase was purified by gel filtration chromatography. Stromelysin-1 was isolated from plasma by Matrex green A affinity chromatography. Immunoblotting of plasma fractions with antibodies to unique peptide regions of human gelatinases differentiated the 72 kDa gelatinase from the 92 kDa gelatinase. Antibodies to the amino terminal peptides of each enzyme were used to determine that plasma gelatinases circulate as latent proenzymes. Immunoblotting with antibodies directed against human stromelysin identified a 57 kDa stromelysin. TIMP-1 (28 kDa) and TIMP-2 (21 kDa) were also identified by immunoblotting of gelatin Sepharose bound plasma proteins using non-crossreacting antibodies to each protein.
Expression of nerve growth factor receptors and their prognostic value in human pancreatic cancer. (2005)

Nerve growth factor (NGF), the prototypic member of the neurotrophin family of growth factors, exerts both stimulatory and inhibitory effects on neuronal and certain non-neuronal tumors, depending on the type of tumor. It has been reported that two types of NGF receptors, high-affinity receptor, TrkA, and low-affinity receptor, p75NGFR, play important roles in this process. Moreover, it has also been detected that high levels of TrkA expression have a more favorable overall survival prognosis in breast cancer patients, but the relationships between the two receptors according to the prognosis in pancreatic cancer patients are unknown. We investigated the expression of NGF receptors (NGFRs: TrkA and p75NGFR) mRNA in 56 human primary pancreatic cancers, using real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR. Moreover, pancreatic cancer cell lines were used to validate if the effects of NGF on pancreatic cancer cell growth are dependent on the expression levels and the balance of TrkA and P75 receptors. NGFRs were found in all of the tumor specimens and cell lines. It appears that in pancreatic cancer cells the growth effects of NGF depend on the expression levels and the ratio of TrkA and p75NGFR. TrkA and p75NGFR negatively correlated and were both associated with abdominal or back pain and perineural invasion. Regarding this, high TrkA expression levels exhibited more frequent perineural invasion and a higher degree of pain, whereas the results of p75NGFR are on the contrary. For Cox univariate analyses in the OS study, high expression of p75NGFR was associated with longer overall survival yet TrkA exhibited opposite effects and included the effect of pain. HPG, tumor size, node involvement, and perineural invasion were not prognostic factors. In Cox multivariate analyses, TrkA and p75NGFR were both prognostic para-meters. In conclusion, our study found that the expression of TrkA in pancreatic cancer is a marker of tumor aggressiveness. Conversely, we also found that elevated p75NGFR expression is associated with a favorable prognosis; we demonstrated that NGF exerts both stimulatory and inhibitory effects on pancreatic cancers with the effect based on the expression levels and the ratio of TrkA and p75NGFR.
Sound Level Exposure of High-Risk Infants in Different Environmental Conditions (2006)

Judy Beal is Chairperson and Professor of Nursing and Associate Dean, Graduate School for Health Studies, Simmons College, Boston, MA, and an Editorial board Member of MCN. She can be reached via e-mail at [email protected].
Spinal cord stimulation (1992)

Spinal cord stimulation, a reversible technique for the management of chronic, intractable pain, has evolved considerably over the past 20 years. Percutaneous methods for temporary as well as permanent epidural electrode placement have minimized its inherently low morbidity. The development of programmable, multichannel' devices has been a major technical improvement, which has enhanced clinical results. Recent advances in physiologic and psychophysical methods and modelling will facilitate further clinical development.
Tests of a piperidino mask for the protection of functionalized carbon sites in multistep syntheses (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTests of a piperidino mask for the protection of functionalized carbon sites in multistep synthesesR. A. Olofson and Duain E. AbbottCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1984, 49, 15, 2795–2799Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00189a029https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00189a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views728Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Rugate filter theory: an overview (1993)

The principal aspects of rugate filter theory are reviewed and expanded to show how the Fouriertransform technique can be used to design rugate filters that fulfill many optical coating functions.
MODIFIED ETHANOL INJECTION METHOD FOR LIPOSOMES CONTAINING β-SITOSTEROL β-D-GLUCOSIDE (2001)

A modified ethanol injection method for liposomes containing soybean phosphatidylcholine (SPC), cholesterol (Ch), beta-sitosterol beta-D-glucoside (Sit-G) and oleic acid (OA) was developed, that can produce homogeneous unilamellar liposomes without the use of sonication and dialysis. In this method, water is poured into a concentrated lipid-ethanol solution and then ethanol is removed in an evaporator. Dilution with water causes spontaneous formation of small and homogenous unilamellar vesicles from micellar aggregate. The size of liposomes can be controlled by the ratio of ethanol to water. OA and Sit-G were distributed at the surface of liposomes and were recognized by Concanavalin A, respectively. This easy and quick method for preparation of liposomes may be applicable in many areas.
CD99 is a therapeutic target on disease stem cells in myeloid malignancies (2017)

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and the myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are initiated and sustained by self-renewing malignant stem cells; thus, eradication of AML and MDS stem cells is required for cure. We identified CD99 as a cell surface protein frequently overexpressed on AML and MDS stem cells. Expression of CD99 allows for prospective separation of leukemic stem cells (LSCs) from functionally normal hematopoietic stem cells in AML, and high CD99 expression on AML blasts enriches for functional LSCs as demonstrated by limiting dilution xenotransplant studies. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting CD99 induce the death of AML and MDS cells in a SARC family kinase-dependent manner in the absence of immune effector cells or complement, and anti-CD99 mAbs exhibit antileukemic activity in AML xenografts. These data establish CD99 as a marker of AML and MDS stem cells, as well as a promising therapeutic target in these disorders.
Human Arm Movements Described by a Low-Dimensional Superposition of Principal Components (2000)

A new method for analyzing kinematic patterns during smooth movements is proposed. Subjects are asked to move the end of a two-joint manipulandum to copy a smooth initial target path. On subsequent trials the target path is the subject's actual movement from the preceding trial. Using Principal Components Analysis, it is shown that the trajectories have very low dimension and that they converge toward a linear superposition of the first few principal components. We show similar results for handwriting on an electronic pen tablet. We hypothesize that the low dimensionality and convergence are attributable to combined properties of the internal controller and the musculoskeletal system. The low dimensionality may allow for efficient descriptions of a large class of arm movements.
Regulation of fatty acid biosynthesis in Escherichia coli. (1993)

Our understanding of fatty acid biosynthesis in Escherichia coli has increased greatly in recent years. Since the discovery that the intermediates of fatty acid biosynthesis are bound to the heat-stable protein cofactor termed acyl carrier protein, the fatty acid synthesis pathway of E. coli has been studied in some detail. Interestingly, many advances in the field have aided in the discovery of analogous systems in other organisms. In fact, E. coli has provided a paradigm of predictive value for the synthesis of fatty acids in bacteria and plants and the synthesis of bacterial polyketide antibiotics. In this review, we concentrate on four major areas of research. First, the reactions in fatty acid biosynthesis and the proteins catalyzing these reactions are discussed in detail. The genes encoding many of these proteins have been cloned, and characterization of these genes has led to a better understanding of the pathway. Second, the function and role of the two essential cofactors in fatty acid synthesis, coenzyme A and acyl carrier protein, are addressed. Finally, the steps governing the spectrum of products produced in synthesis and alternative destinations, other than membrane phospholipids, for fatty acids in E. coli are described. Throughout the review, the contribution of each portion of the pathway to the global regulation of synthesis is examined. In no other organism is the bulk of knowledge regarding fatty acid metabolism so great; however, questions still remain to be answered. Pursuing such questions should reveal additional regulatory mechanisms of fatty acid synthesis and, hopefully, the role of fatty acid synthesis and other cellular processes in the global control of cellular growth.
Sun-perturbed Earth-to-moon transfers with ballistic capture (1993)

A method is described for constructing a new type of low energy transfer trajectory from the Earth to the moon leading to ballistic capture. This is accomplished by utilizing the nonlinear Earth-moon-sun perturbations on a point mass in three dimensions. The interaction of the gravitational fields of the bodies defines transition regions in the position-velocity space where the dynamic effects on the point mass tend to balance. These are termed weak stability boundaries. The transfer is obtained by the use of trajectories connecting the weak stability boundaries. It uses approximately 18 percent less Delta-V than the Hohmann transfer to insert a spacecraft into a circular orbit about the moon. The use of this transfer has recently been demonstrated by Japan's Hiten spacecraft, which arrived at the moon on October 2, 1991. Application of the transfer method is also made to the Lunar Observer Mission.
Versatility of positional scanning synthetic combinatorial libraries for the identification of individual compounds (1994)

Abstract Positional scanning synthetic combinatorial libraries (PS‐SCLs) offer a unique and rapid approach for the identification of individual active compounds from libraries made up of millions of compounds for basic research and drug discovery. As presented here, PS‐SCLs are free to interact in solution, and therefore can be screened in virtually any assay system to rapidly identify compounds. For example, a PS‐SCL made up of hexapeptides consists of six separate positional libraries, each composed of mixtures having a single position defined with an amino acid and the remaining positions as mixtures of amino acids. The screening of PS‐SCLs, in most instances, permits the identification of the most active amino acids at each position of a peptide in a single assay. To illustrate the versatility of this combinatorial library approach, three different hexapeptide PS‐SCLs are described: (1) N‐terminal acetylated, (2) N‐terminal non‐acetylated (both composed of L‐amino acids), and (3) N‐terminal acetylated composed of D‐amino acids. Each of the PS‐SCLs is composed of more than 50 million peptides; they are used here to identify: an antigenic determinant recognized by a monoclonal antibody; non‐acetylated peptide sequences that bind to δ opioid receptors; acetylated and non‐acetylated peptide inhibitors of melittin's hemolytic activity; and D‐amino acid peptide inhibitors of trypsin. © 1994 Wiley‐Less, Inc.
LASPARTOMYCIN, A NEW ANTI-STAPHYLOCOCCAL PEPTIDE (1968)

A new peptide antibiotic, laspartomycin, was isolated from a Streptomyces designated Streptomyces viridochrontogenes var. komabensis Hamada et Okami. The isolation, purification, physicochemical, and biological properties of the antibiotic were described. Laspartomycin was differentiated from related antibiotic such as aspartocin, amphomycin, glumamycin, zaomycin and crys tallomycin by amino acid composition and behavior in paper chromatographic and thin-layer chromatographic systems.
NOXO1, Regulation of Lipid Binding, Localization, and Activation of Nox1 by the Phox Homology (PX) Domain (2004)

NOXO1 (Nox organizing protein 1) and NOXA1 (Nox activating protein 1) are homologs of p47phox and p67phox. p47phox functions in phagocytes as an essential organizing protein mediating the binding of other regulatory proteins during activation of the phagocyte oxidase, and its translocation to the membrane is triggered upon cell activation by hyperphosphorylation, which relieves autoinhibition of SH3 and PX domains. NOXO1 lacks an autoinhibitory region and phosphorylation sites that are present in p47phox. Co-transfection of Nox1, NOXO1, and NOXA1 reconstitutes ROS (reactive oxygen species) generation in HEK293 cells in the absence of cell stimulation. NOXO1 binds to the phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) lipids PtdIns 3,5-P2, PtdIns 5-P, and PtdIns 4-P. Unlike p47phox, which is located in the cytosol of resting cells and translocates to the plasma membrane where gp91phox is located, NOXO1 co-localizes with Nox1 in the membranes of resting cells. This localization of NOXO1 is dictated by its PX domain, since this domain but not the remainder of the molecule localizes to membranes. A point mutation in the PX domain of holo-NOXO1 decreases lipid binding resulting in cytosolic localization and also inhibits NOXO1-activation of Nox1. Thus, in transfected HEK293 cells, NOXO1 and NOXA1 activate Nox1 without the need for agonist activation, and this is mediated in part by binding of the NOXO1 PX domain to membrane lipids.
Binding and Condensation of Plasmid DNA onto Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes:  Toward the Construction of Nanotube-Based Gene Delivery Vectors (2005)

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) constitute a class of nanomaterials that possess characteristics suitable for a variety of possible applications. Their compatibility with aqueous environments has been made possible by the chemical functionalization of their surface, allowing for exploration of their interactions with biological components including mammalian cells. Functionalized CNTs (f-CNTs) are being intensively explored in advanced biotechnological applications ranging from molecular biosensors to cellular growth substrates. We have been exploring the potential of f-CNTs as delivery vehicles of biologically active molecules in view of possible biomedical applications, including vaccination and gene delivery. Recently we reported the capability of ammonium-functionalized single-walled CNTs to penetrate human and murine cells and facilitate the delivery of plasmid DNA leading to expression of marker genes. To optimize f-CNTs as gene delivery vehicles, it is essential to characterize their interactions with DNA. In the present report, we study the interactions of three types of f-CNTs, ammonium-functionalized single-walled and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (SWNT-NH3+; MWNT-NH3+), and lysine-functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT-Lys-NH3+), with plasmid DNA. Nanotube-DNA complexes were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, surface plasmon resonance, PicoGreen dye exclusion, and agarose gel shift assay. The results indicate that all three types of cationic carbon nanotubes are able to condense DNA to varying degrees, indicating that both nanotube surface area and charge density are critical parameters that determine the interaction and electrostatic complex formation between f-CNTs with DNA. All three different f-CNT types in this study exhibited upregulation of marker gene expression over naked DNA using a mammalian (human) cell line. Differences in the levels of gene expression were correlated with the structural and biophysical data obtained for the f-CNT:DNA complexes to suggest that large surface area leading to very efficient DNA condensation is not necessary for effective gene transfer. However, it will require further investigation to determine whether the degree of binding and tight association between DNA and nanotubes is a desirable trait to increase gene expression efficiency in vitro or in vivo. This study constitutes the first thorough investigation into the physicochemical interactions between cationic functionalized carbon nanotubes and DNA toward construction of carbon nanotube-based gene transfer vector systems.