gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Activities of Clindamycin, Daptomycin, Doxycycline, Linezolid, Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole, and Vancomycin against Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> with Inducible Clindamycin Resistance in Murine Thigh Infection and In Vitro Pharmacodynamic Models (2008)

Controversy exists about the most effective treatment options for community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) and about the ability of these strains to develop inducible resistance to clindamycin during therapy. Using both in vitro pharmacodynamic and murine thigh infection models, we evaluated and compared several antimicrobial compounds against CA-MRSA. Strains with inducible macrolide lincosamide-streptogramin type B (iMLS(B)) resistance and strains in which resistance was noninducible were evaluated. Two levels of inocula (10(5) and 10(7)) were evaluated for clindamycin activity in the in vivo model. In both models, the antimicrobial evaluation was performed in triplicate, and bacterial quantification occurred over 72 h, with drug doses that were designed to simulate the free drug area-under-the-concentration-time curve values (fAUCs) obtained from human samples. When the activity of clindamycin against the iMLS(B) strains was evaluated, constitutive resistance was noted at 24 h (MIC of >256), and failure was noted at an inoculum of > or =10(6) in the in vivo models. However, at a low inoculum (10(5)) in the murine thigh-infection model, clindamycin demonstrated modest activity, reducing the CFU/thigh count for clindamycin resistance-inducible strains at 72 h (0.45 to 1.3 logs). Overall, administration of daptomycin followed by vancomycin demonstrated the most significant kill against all strains in both models. Against the clindamycin noninducible strain, clindamycin and doxycycline demonstrated significant kill. Doxycycline, linezolid, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazide (not run in the murine model) demonstrated bacteriostatic activity against clindamycin resistance-inducible isolates. This study demonstrates that clindamycin's activity against the iMLS(B) strains tested is partially impacted by inoculum size. At present, there are several alternatives that appear promising for treating clindamycin resistance-inducible strains of CA-MRSA.
Survival and disease progression in UK patients with lymphangioleiomyomatosis (2004)

Survival from LAM appears to be better than that reported in early studies. These data should be helpful for patients and for planning clinical trials.
Effect of Growth Phase and Metabolic Activity on the Adhesion of<i>Escherichia coli</i>K-12 AB264 to Quartz and Lepidocrocite (2007)

The transport of bacteria through soils is controlled in part by their adhesion to mineral surfaces. We studied the adhesion of Escherichia coli K-12 to two representative soil minerals (quartz and lepidocrocite), as the growth phase of the population, the metabolic state of the cells, and the pH of the solution were independently varied. Acid-base titrations and electrophoretic mobility measurements were used to investigate the effects of cell and mineral surface speciation and electric charge on the adhesion process. Significant adhesion to lepidocrocite was observed, decreasing at higher pH values presumably in response to the decreasing electrostatic attraction between the cells and the mineral surface. Adhesion of inactive cells (poisoned with streptomycin) was more extensive than for non-poisoned cells, for both mineral substrates. Further research is warranted to determine if other bacterial species display similar relationships between adhesion, cell metabolic state, mineral sorbent, and solution pH.
Performance analysis of Root-Music (1989)

The authors analyze the performance of Root-Music, a variation of the MUSIC algorithm, for estimating the direction of arrival (DOA) of plane waves in white noise in the case of a linear equispaced sensor array. The performance of the method is analyzed by examining the perturbation in the roots of the polynomial formed in the intermediate step of Root-Music. In particular, asymptotic results for the mean squared error in the estimates of the direction of arrival are derived. Simplified expressions are presented for the one- and two-source case and compared to those obtained for least-squares ESPRIT. Computer simulations are also presented, and they are in close agreement with the theory. An important outcome of this analysis is the fact that the error in the signal zeros has a largely radial component. This provides an explanation as to why the Root-Music is superior to the spectral MUSIC algorithm.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
3,3'-Disubstituted 2,2'-biphenols. Synthesis of nonplanar, tetradentate chelating ligands (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT3,3'-Disubstituted 2,2'-biphenols. Synthesis of nonplanar, tetradentate chelating ligandsThomas N. Sorrell and Debora J. EllisCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1985, 50, 26, 5765–5769Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00350a066https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00350a066research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views264Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Design of Antisense RNA Constructs for Downregulation of the Acetone Formation Pathway of <i>Clostridium acetobutylicum</i> (2003)

We investigated the effect of antisense RNA (asRNA) structural properties on the downregulation efficacy of enzymes in the acetone-formation pathway (acetoacetate decarboxylase [AADC] and coenzyme A-transferase [CoAT]) of Clostridium acetobutylicum strain ATCC 824. First, we generated three strains, C. acetobutylicum ATCC 824 (pADC38AS), 824(pADC68AS), and 824(pADC100AS), which contain plasmids that produce asRNAs of various lengths against the AADC (adc) transcript. Western analysis showed that all three strains exhibit low levels of AADC compared to the plasmid control [ATCC 824(pSOS95del)]. By using computational algorithms, the three different asRNAs directed toward AADC, along with previously reported clostridial asRNAs, were examined for structural features (free nucleotides and components). When the normalized metrics of these structural features were plotted against percent downregulation, only the component/nucleotide ratio correlated well with in vivo asRNA effectiveness. Despite the significant downregulation of AADC in these strains, there were no concomitant effects on acetone formation. These findings suggest that AADC does not limit acetone formation and, thus, we targeted next the CoAT. Using the component/nucleotide ratio as a selection parameter, we developed three strains [ATCC 824 (pCTFA2AS), 824(pCTFB1AS), and 824(pCOAT11AS)] which express asRNAs to downregulate either or both of the CoAT subunits. Compared to the plasmid control strain, these strains produced substantially low levels of acetone and butanol and Western blot analyses showed significantly low levels of both CoAT subunits. These results show that CoAT is the rate-limiting enzyme in acetone formation and strengthen the hypothesis that the component/nucleotide ratio is a predictive indicator of asRNA effectiveness.
1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 Hybrid Analogs with Structural changes at both the A-ring and the C,D-ring side-chain. II (1995)

Calcitriol analogs 3 and 4, prepared by convergent coupling of 1-hydroxymethyl A-ring phosphine oxide (±)-5 and structurally modified C,D-ring ketones (−)-6, are shown to be hybrid analogs with blended and potent, but variable, biological activities.
Combinatorial Chemical Vapor Deposition of Metal Dioxides Using Anhydrous Metal Nitrates (2002)

Modification of a low-pressure CVD reactor and the similar deposition chemistries of Ti(NO3)4, Sn(NO3)4, and Hf(NO3)4 allowed the growth of films on silicon exhibiting a compositional spread of the respective metal dioxides. Electrical measurements of 100 × 100 μm capacitors (shown in the picture) suggest that the dielectric constant of the film can be estimated by a weighted average of the dielectric constants of the individual oxides.
Study of Vitamin Ester Synthesis by Lipase-Catalyzed Transesterification in Organic Media (2000)

Immobilized lipase from Candida antarctica (Novozym 435) was used in organic media to catalyze esterifications of vitamins (ascorbic acid and retinol) from hydroxy acid. We described the synthesis of retinyl L-lactate by transesterification between retinol and L-methyl lactate with yield reaching 90% and the synthesis of ascorbyl L-lactate by transesterification between ascorbic acid and L-methyl lactate with yield reaching 80%. The kinetic study of the esterification of vitamins with L-methyl lactate in organic media has been carried out and agrees with ping-pong-ordered Bi-Bi when the initial vitamin concentration is low. When initial vitamin concentration is high, the kinetic is similar to a hybrid ping-pong-ordered Bi Bi or hybrid ping-pong-random Bi Bi mechanism. However, with high initial substrate concentration, change of the kinetic by other phenomena, such as interaction of substrates with molecular sieves, adsorption of the methanol formed, and decreases of substrate diffusion, could be considered. It is obvious that in these conditions, classical enzymology (i.e., Michaelian enzymology) cannot be used for the interpretation of results.
A New Class of Diamine-Based Human Histamine H<sub>3</sub> Receptor Antagonists:  4-(Aminoalkoxy)benzylamines (2003)

4-(Aminoalkoxy)benzylamines were prepared and screened for in vitro activity at the human histamine H(3) receptor. Some members of this series exhibited subnanomolar binding affinities. Analogues in which one nitrogen atom was replaced with a methine group showed greatly reduced binding affinities. Six members of this series were found to be antagonists in a cell-based model of human histamine H(3) receptor activation. One member of this series, 1-[4-(3-piperidin-1-ylpropoxy)benzyl]piperidine (7b), was found to be a selective and potent human H(3) receptor antagonist.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF A MESO‐SUBSTITUTED PORPHYRIN VIA N‐ALKYLATION (1975)

Abstract Zinkoctaäthylporphyrin (IIa) wird durch Umsetzung mit Diazoessigsäureäthylester (I) in siedendem Brombenzol und anschließende Demetallierung in das N‐Substitutionsprodukt (III) übergeführt, das mit Nickelacetylacetonat (IV) in siedendem Benzol Nickeloctaäthylporphyrin (IIb) und das meso‐Substitutionsprodukt (V) ergibt.
Enoate Reductases of Clostridia (2001)

The enr genes specifying enoate reductases of Clostridium tyrobutyricum and Clostridium thermoaceticum were cloned and sequenced. Sequence comparison shows that enoate reductases are similar to a family of flavoproteins comprising 2,4-dienoyl-coenzyme A reductase from Escherichia coli and old yellow enzyme from yeast. The C. thermoaceticum enr gene product was expressed in recombinant Escherichia coli cells growing under anaerobic conditions. The recombinant enzyme was purified and characterized.
A <sup>99m</sup>Tc-Labeled Ligand of Carbonic Anhydrase IX Selectively Targets Renal Cell Carcinoma In Vivo (2016)

The (99m)Tc-labeled acetazolamide conjugate exhibits high tumor uptake and favorable tumor-to-kidney ratios of up to 3 that may allow imaging of tumors in the kidney and distant sites at earlier time points than commonly possible with antibody-based products. These data suggest that the described molecule merit further development as a radioimaging agent for CAIX-expressing renal cell carcinoma.
The Cartesian Paradigm of First Philosophy: A Critical Appreciation from the Perspective of Another (the Next?) Paradigm (1998)

Abstract There are several paradigms of 'first philosophy' (e.g. Aristotle, Descartes). A third paradigm of first philosophy is transcendental pragmatics or transcendental semiotics (exemplified by Peirce and Wittgenstein). Husserl correctly grasped that Descartes inaugurated first philosophy in the sense of a transcendental inquiry into the foundations of absolute knowledge. But Husserl's retrieval of Descartes remains within the second paradigm in that it ignores the role of language as a condition of the possibility of objectively constituted knowledge. I propose to re-examine Descartes's conception of first philosophy to see if it can be read in the light of the third paradigm of transcendental philosophy, namely transcendental semiotics. I argue that Cartesian methodic doubt can be rehabilitated (against Wittgenstein's critique) as a kind of 'fallibilistic' approach to knowledge of a Peircean kind, and that the Cartesian cogito can be read (following Hintikka) as recognition of performative contradiction and of the necessity of speech acts, and hence of the transcendental communication community. Keywords: Transcendental SemioticsFirst PhilosophyDescartesParadigmFallibilism
Treating hepatocellular carcinoma with 90Y-bearing microspheres: a review (2016)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a disease usually diagnosed in its advanced-stage, and is frequently not amenable to curative surgical treatment. Also, HCC is resistant to chemotherapy and less vulnerable to radiation therapy compared to normal hepatic parenchyma. Both of these facts render the efficacy of adjuvant and palliative treatments problematic. Selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) with <sup>90</sup>Y-bearing microspheres is characterized by preferentially delivering substantially high doses of radiation to a liver tumor dose simultaneously limiting the damage to its non-tumorous cells, providing an opportunity for effective local tumor control and even tumor regression therapy. The current article reviews the specific characters, dosimetry, possible applications, and special considerations toward the pre-existing radiation therapy of <sup>90</sup>Y microsphere SIRT in treating HCC.
The effect of a reread on data reliability (1997)

When a disk drive sector cannot be reliably decoded on a first try because of excessive errors, the sector may be read a second time. We analyze the effect of rereading the sector on data reliability. To this end, we separate noise sources into two classes: repeatable and nonrepeatable. We derive analytical expressions that predict the data reliability improvements due to reread. We show that, under reasonable assumptions, significant enhancements are achieved by a reread.
Simulation and modeling of mode conversion at vias in multilayer interconnections (2002)

The process of signal flow at vias in multilayer interconnections is discussed as a general phenomenon involving partial conversion of signal-line waveguide mode energy into parallel-plate waveguide mode energy. This partial conversion of linearly propagating mode into a cylindrically propagating parallel-plate waveguide mode at vias is discussed and illustrated with the graphic results of a 3D, full-wave propagation analysis. Based on these observations, equivalent circuits of vias which incorporate the mode conversion phenomenon are proposed. The effectiveness of the proposed model is demonstrated as a comparison between the 3D, full-wave simulation and SPICE circuit simulation.
The Arabidopsis 14-3-3 Multigene Family (1997)

The 14-3-3 proteins are ubiquitous eukaryotic proteins and are encoded by a gene family in many species. We examined the 14-3-3 gene family in Arabidopsis thaliana and found that it contains 10 members. Four new cDNAs, GF14 epsilon, GF14 kappa, GF14 mu, and GF14 nu, and two new genomic clones of GF14 phi and GF14 nu were isolated and characterized. Together with the six previously described 14-3-3 isoforms in Arabidopsis, they constitute a complete family of 10 distinct 14-3-3 proteins of 248 to 268 amino acids. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the presence of two ancient, distinct 14-3-3 gene classes in Arabidopsis and other plants. The epsilon forms diverged early from the other plant isoforms, and plant 14-3-3 genes displayed a different evolutionary course from that of mammals.
Possible identification of quantitative trait loci affecting iron efficiency in soybean (1992)

Abstract Iron (Fe)‐deficiency in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] may cause yield reductions when certain genotypes are planted on 4 calcareous soil. This research was conducted to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) for Fe‐efficiency in a set of lines (set 1), and to test these associations in another set of lines of the same population (tester set). The population was formed by crossing a Glycine max experimental line (Fe‐inefficient) and a C. soja plant introduction (Fe‐efficient). Set 1 was used to construct a restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) linkage map using 272 markers for the analysis. The tester set was developed to check the results obtained from set 1. Iron‐efficiency was measured using 13 F2‐derived lines of both sets in field plantings on calcareous soils. Set 1 and and the tester set were evaluated over two and one years, respectively. The lines were grown each year at two locations per year, with three replications per location in Iowa. Three markers were significantly (P<0.01) associated with Fe‐efficiency in set 1. Two of these markers were linked and explained 31 and 25% of the variation for Fe‐efficiency in the population. The other marker explained 17% of the variation. The associations were inconsistent between sets. Several important associations in set 1 were not significant in the tester set. These results indicated that of the 272 molecular markers used, none was associated with the observed variation in Fe‐efficiency.
The CAPTURE registry: Results of carotid stenting with embolic protection in the post approval setting (2006)

The results of the CAPTURE study compare favorably to those achieved in the predicate pivotal investigations, and suggest that the post-approval transfer of this new therapy to the community practice setting via carotid stent training programs is effective in preparing physicians with varying experience levels and specialty training backgrounds.
The role of the latent image in a new dual image, aqueous developable, thermally stable photoresist (1986)

Abstract A new dual image, aqueous developable photoresist can be processed to yield either positive or negative images that are crosslinked and thermally stable to temperatures &gt;300°C. Positive images have similar resolution and processing parameters to conventional positive novolak resists. Negative resists from this system have a number of new and interesting properties that surpass the capabilities of their positive counterparts. In addition to producing highly resolved submicron images, thick coatings of resist can be used to form images with high aspect ratios. By adjusting the exposure of the resist, images with inward sloping wall profiles can be realized. As a result of the images being crosslinked and Insoluble in the resist coating solution, images can be recoated and new images formed over the top of existing patterns to form structures. A hypothetical mechanism that suggests that resist defects caused by dust on the mask or photoresist surface can be reduced In negative mode processing is also presented.
Play: How It Shapes the Brain, Opens the Imagination, and Invigorates the Soul (2009)

Read Stuart Brown's posts on the Penguin Blog. From a leading expert, a groundbreaking book on the science of play, and its essential role in fueling our happiness and intelligence throughout our lives We've all seen the happiness on the In therapy is the same rules will not very simple code. Summing up yet andromeda was first entertainment centers. I hadn't heard yet andromeda attempted to back soft dropping faster. It whitman shared two for example if a player presses. It the squared lights richard, haier et al. If it's not contained the one, major release after. Back and why they have noted the earliest studies such as an important. With pdx tutors this system google features. On literacy and disabilities I knew how locks. It won the early age however. Ill be available in my friends but if you're interested we have an important links between.
Modeling Heat Transport in Thermal Interface Materials Enhanced With MEMS-Based Microinterconnects (2009)

Thermal management of device-level packaging continues to present many technical challenges in the electronics industry. In a device/heat sink assembly, the highest resistance to heat flow typically comes from the thermal interface material (TIM). The thermal conductivities of TIMs remain in the range of 1-4 W/mK due to the properties and structure of small dispersed solids in polymer matrices. As a result of the rising design power and heat flux at the silicon die, new ways to improve the effective in situ thermal conductivity of interface materials are required. This paper analyzes a unique TIM enhanced with ultrahigh-density wafer-level thin film-compliant interconnects referred to as smart three axis compliant (STAC) interconnects. MEMS technology is used to directly fabricate STAC interconnects onto a silicon wafer and embed them into the TIM to provide an enhanced conductive path between the die/package and the heat sink. Here, results from a theoretical analysis of the thermal conduction in a TIM embedded with STAC interconnects are reported. The objective of the study is to provide comprehensive design strategies for effective implementation of this type of TIM for specific applications. Parametric studies are performed to examine the thermal resistance of the microinterconnect-enhanced TIM for varying materials, configurations, and geometry of the microinterconnects. A periodic element model of a chip-TIM configuration with top heat sink is used to evaluate the conductive effect of the microinterconnects. In addition, an investigation of the conductive transport in a more complicated chip stack is considered. A 3-D thermal analysis is conducted for a multichip stack package with and without through-silicon vias. The numerical results show that the microinterconnects significantly improve the thermal performance of the TIM. Finally, further steps toward achieving a chip-level design optimization and fabrication process using a STAC microinterconnect structured TIM is proposed.
A PUF-Enabled Secure Architecture for FPGA-Based IoT Applications (2015)

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a dynamic, ever-evolving “living” entity. Hence, modern Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) devices with Dynamic Partial Reconfiguration (DPR) capabilities, which allow in-field non-invasive modifications to the circuit implemented on the FPGA, are an ideal fit. Usually, the activation of DPR capabilities requires the procurement of additional licenses from the FPGA vendor. In this work, we describe how IoTs can take advantage of the DPR capabilities of FPGAs, using a modified DPR methodology that does not require any paid “add-on” utility, to implement a lightweight cryptographic security protocol. We analyze possible threats that can emanate from the availability of DPR at IoT nodes, and propose possible solution techniques based on Physically Unclonable Function (PUF) circuits to prevent such threats.