gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modified <i>Escherichia coli</i> B (BL21), a superior producer of plasmid DNA compared with <i>Escherichia coli</i> K (DH5α) (2008)

Plasmid DNA (pDNA) is an emerging experimental vaccine, produced in E. coli, initially targeted for viral diseases. Unlike traditional protein vaccines whose average dose is micrograms, the average dose of pDNA is on the scale of milligrams. Production yields are, therefore, important for the future development of this vaccine. The E. coli strains currently used for pDNA production, JM109 and DH5alpha, are both suitable for production of stable pDNA due to the deletion of recA and endA, however, these two E. coli K strains are sensitive to growth conditions such as high glucose concentration. On the other hand E. coli BL21 is less sensitive to growth conditions than E. coli JM109 or DH5alpha, this strain grows to higher densities and due to its active glyoxylate shunt and anaplerotic pathways is not sensitive to high glucose concentration. This strain is used for recombinant protein production but not for pDNA production because of its inability to produce stable pDNA. To adapt E. coli BL21 for stable pDNA production, the strain was mutated by deleting both recA and endA, and a proper growth and production strategy was developed. Production values, reaching 2 g/L were obtained using glucose as a carbon source. The produced plasmid, which was constructed for HIV clinical study, was found to have identical properties to the plasmid currently produced by E. coli DH5alpha.
Novel Bioreactors for the ex vivo Cultivation of Hematopoietic Cells (2002)

One major requirement for a hematopoietic cell culture system is that cell cultivation be controlled. The control and regulation of the pO2 and the pH value which greatly influence the differentiation of hematopoietic cells are of special importance. Two novel bioreactors are presented: a stirred system for the stroma-free suspension culture and a fixed-bed reactor for the immobilized coculture of stromal and hematopoietic cells on porous microcarriers. Both production systems have a process control. For comparative studies on a small scale miniaturized systems were developed.
Autoradiographic localization of beta-adrenergic receptors in rabbit eye. (1987)

Using an in vitro autoradiography, beta-adrenergic receptors were localized in the rabbit eye. Autoradiograms were generated by apposition of isotope-sensitive film to slide-mounted eye sections, labelled with [125I](-)Iodocyanopindolol. A high density of silver grains was obtained in conjunctival, corneal and ciliary process epithelium. Binding sites were also present in corneal endothelium, iris epithelium, lens epithelium, choroid and extraocular muscles. In some areas, retina was also labelled. Studies with beta-adrenergic compounds showed that the majority of beta-adrenergic receptors, detectable by autoradiography, were of the beta2 type in the rabbit eye.
Observation of Proximity Resonances in a Parallel-Plate Waveguide (1998)

Experiments with dielectric scatterers in a parallel-plate waveguide have verified for the first time the existence of proximity resonances in two dimensions. A numerical solution to the scattering problem supports the analysis of the experimental data.
Mask-Guided Contrastive Attention Model for Person Re-identification (2018)

Person Re-identification (ReID) is an important yet challenging task in computer vision. Due to the diverse background clutters, variations on viewpoints and body poses, it is far from solved. How to extract discriminative and robust features invariant to background clutters is the core problem. In this paper, we first introduce the binary segmentation masks to construct synthetic RGB-Mask pairs as inputs, then we design a mask-guided contrastive attention model (MGCAM) to learn features separately from the body and background regions. Moreover, we propose a novel region-level triplet loss to restrain the features learnt from different regions, i.e., pulling the features from the full image and body region close, whereas pushing the features from backgrounds away. We may be the first one to successfully introduce the binary mask into person ReID task and the first one to propose region-level contrastive learning. We evaluate the proposed method on three public datasets, including MARS, Market-1501 and CUHK03. Extensive experimental results show that the proposed method is effective and achieves the state-of-the-art results. Mask and code will be released upon request.
Correction for etch proximity: new models and applications (2001)

Short-range etch proximity effects increase intra-die CD variability and degrade the IC performance and yield. Tight control of the etch bias is an increasingly critical factor in realizing the ITRS technology nodes. The 2000 technology nodes revision added a new category, the post-etch 'physical' gate length metric, that is 9 - 17% smaller than 'in-resist' gate length. We present new etch proximity correction methods and models designed to reduce negative impact of etch-induced CD variability and increase uniformity of the controlled over- etching. Resolution Enhancement Technologies (RET) design correction methods typically employ 'lumped' process models. We found that an alternative methodology based upon separation of the process factors and the related models may yield better accuracy, performance, and better suit the design and process optimization flows. The contributions from the reticle, the optics, the wafer, and etch are individually determined and then used either separately or in aggregation for the most flexible and optimum correction of their respective contributions. The etch corrections are based on the Variable Etch Bias model (VEB model). This semi-empirical model requires experimental CD information to be collected from the test patterns under fixed process conditions (point-process model). It demonstrates excellent fit to the early experimental CD-SEM data gathered to date, which spans a variety of layout features and process conditions. The VEB model works in conjunction with Calibre<SUP>R</SUP> software system's Variable Threshold Resist-Extended (VTR-E) model, however the etching is modeled separately from the optics and the resist processing. This yields better understanding and more accurate explanation of the experiments than those that are produced by the 'lumped' process modeling. The VEB model explains etch- induced bias in terms of the following three proximity characteristics or variables: effective trench width (or pattern separation), pattern density, and effective line width (or pattern granularity). We synthesized and studied their integral representations. Performance fitness of the various weighting, smoothing, and anisotropic integral kernels and their parameters were studied to correctly reflect the etch bias behavior on silicon. We found that depending on the resist composition and layer types (poly or metal), the etch bias can sometimes be explained only by one or two (out of three) proximity variables. The aperture and microloading etch effects are studied and shown to be correctly reflected in the model. We demonstrate how model-based corrections improve CD uniformity of the poly and metal layers by compensating for the iso/dense and inverse-iso/dense biases. More complicated 2-D proximity effects are also captured, which is confirmed by the comparison of the SEM images to the simulations.
Effects of molecular weight of polysulfone on phase separation behavior for cyanate ester/polysulfone blends (2000)

The effects of molecular weight of polysulfone (PSF) on the morphology of bisphenol-A dicyanate (BADCy)/PSF blends were studied. Because the viscosity of the blend increased and the miscibility between BADCy and PSF decreased with the increase of PSF molecular weight, these two competing effects on the phase-separation were investigated. It was observed that the effect of viscosity was predominant: the viscosity of the blends at the onset point of phase separation increased with the increase of PSF molecular weight. The phase separation mechanism depends on the viscosity of the blends at the onset point of phase separation and determines the morphology of the blends. Because the increasing viscosity with increasing the molecular weight of PSF suppressed the nucleation and growth even with 10 phr of PSF content, phase separation occurred through spinodal decomposition to form the combined morphology having both PSF particle structure and BADCy particle structure. The combined morphology and the BADCy particle structure were obtained with a smaller amount of high molecular weight PSF content. This indicates that the viscosity of the blends at the onset point of phase separation is the critical parameter that determines the morphology of the blends. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 77: 921–927, 2000
Forest Change Detection in Incomplete Satellite Images With Deep Neural Networks (2017)

Land cover change monitoring is an important task from the perspective of regional resource monitoring, disaster management, land development, and environmental planning. In this paper, we analyze imagery data from remote sensing satellites to detect forest cover changes over a period of 29 years (1987-2015). Since the original data are severely incomplete and contaminated with artifacts, we first devise a spatiotemporal inpainting mechanism to recover the missing surface reflectance information. The spatial filling process makes use of the available data of the nearby temporal instances followed by a sparse encoding-based reconstruction. We formulate the change detection task as a region classification problem. We build a multiresolution profile (MRP) of the target area and generate a candidate set of bounding-box proposals that enclose potential change regions. In contrast to existing methods that use handcrafted features, we automatically learn region representations using a deep neural network in a data-driven fashion. Based on these highly discriminative representations, we determine forest changes and predict their onset and offset timings by labeling the candidate set of proposals. Our approach achieves the state-of-the-art average patch classification rate of 91.6% (an improvement of ~16%) and the mean onset/offset prediction error of 4.9 months (an error reduction of five months) compared with a strong baseline. We also qualitatively analyze the detected changes in the unlabeled image regions, which demonstrate that the proposed forest change detection approach is scalable to new regions.
Tc-99m DEXTRAN (1981)

Henze, Eberhard; Schelbert, Heinrich R.; Bennett, Leslie R.; Collins, James D.; Najafi, Ahmad; Kuhl, David E. Author Information
Quality Management Methods for Real-Time Traffic Information (2012)

Quality of real-time traffic messaging is mostly defined in terms of quantitative or technical characteristics that relate almost exclusively to the technical broadcasting and availability of the information. This pays insufficient attention to the traffic messages’ content and conformity with the real situation experienced by drivers. Accuracy of content however is a decisive factor in customer satisfaction and acceptance. In this paper, four different methods for quality management of real-time traffic information are explained and compared in detail: QKZ-Method, QFCD-Method, QBENCH-Method and ASDA/FOTO Travel Time Method.
Pressure Regulation of the Electrical Properties of Growing Arabidopsis thaliana L. Root Hairs (1996)

Actively growing Arabidopsis thaliana L. (Columbia wild type) root hairs were used to examine the interplay between cell turgor pressure and electrical properties of the cell: membrane potential, conductance, cell-to-cell coupling, and input resistance. Pressure was directly modulated using a pressure probe or indirectly by changing the extracellular osmolarity. Direct modulation of pressure in the range of 0 to about 15 x 10(5) Pa (normal turgor pressure was 6.8 +/- 2.0 x 10(5) Pa, n = 29) did not affect the membrane potential, conductance, coupling, or input resistance. Indirect modulation of turgor pressure by adding (hyperosmotic) or removing (hypo-osmotic) 200 mM mannitol/sorbitol affected the potential and conductance but not cell-to-cell coupling. Hypo-osmotic treatment depolarized the potential about 40 mV from an initial potential of about -190 mV and increased membrane conductance, consistent with an increase in anion efflux from the cell. Hyperosmotic treatment hyperpolarized the cell about 25 mV from the same initial potential and decreased conductance, consistent with a decline in cation influx. The results are likely due to the presence of an "osmo-sensor," rather than a "turgor-sensor," regulating the cell's response to osmotic stress.
Lime and limestone: chemistry and technology, production and uses (1999)

PRODUCTION OF LIMESTONE. Formation, Classification and Occurrence of Limestone. Physical and Chemical Properties of Limestone. Prospecting and Quarrying. Processing and Dispatch of Limestone. Sampling and Testing of Limestone. USES AND SPECIFICATIONS OF LIMESTONE. Overview and Economic Aspects of the Limestone Market. Construction and Building. Use of Limestone in Cement Production. The Use of Limestone in Agriculture. Use of Limestone in Refining Metals. Others Uses of Limestone. PRODUCTION OF QUICKLIME. Physical and Chemical Properties OF Quicklime. Raw Materials for Lime Burning (Limestone, Fuel and Refractories). Calcination of Limestone. Production of Quicklime. Processing Storage and Transport of Quicklime. Sampling and Testing of Quicklime. PRODUCTION OF SLAKED LIME. Physical and Chemical Properties of Slaked Lime. Production of Hydrated Lime. Handling and Storage of Hydrated Lime. Production of Milk of Lime and Lime Putty. Handling and Storage of Milk of Lime and Lime Putty. Sampling and Testing of Slaked Lime. USES AND SPECIFICATIONS OF LIME PRODUCTS. Overview and Economic Aspects of the Lime Market. Construction and Building. The Use of Lime in Iron and Steelmaking. Water and Sewage Treatment. Gaseous Effluents. Agriculture, Food and Food By-products. Use of Quick and Slaked Lime in the Production of Chemicals. Other Uses of Quick and Slaked Lime. SAFETY, HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENT. Control of the Environmental Effects of Lime and Limestone Production. Toxicology and Occupational Health. Annexes. Index.
Alteration by liquid protein diet of TRH and cyclo(His-Pro) in the young rat brain. (1985)

Effects of liquid protein diet (LPD), known to be poor in protein quality, on brain thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and histidylproline diketopiperazine (cyclo(His-Pro] were examined in young male rats. At day 23 of weaning, the animals were fed either a 20% casein diet ad libitum or a 20% LPD, or were pair-fed with a 20% casein diet. They were decapitated at day 48. The body weight of those in the LPD and pair-fed groups decreased significantly, and the loss was sustained in comparison with that in the ad libitum group. Cyclo(His-Pro) concentrations in the whole brain were significantly greater in the LPD group than in the pair-fed and ad libitum groups, whereas its concentrations were similar in the pair-fed and ad libitum groups. No significant differences were observed in concentrations of brain TRH in the three groups. These findings indicate that quality of the protein component in the diet contributes to alterations in the neuropeptide, cyclo(His-Pro), in the young rat brain.
Generalized Prioritized Sweeping (1997)

Prioritized sweeping is a model-based reinforcement learning method that attempt to focus the agent&amp;apos;s limited computational resources to achieve a good estimate of the value of environment states. The classic account of prioritized sweeping uses an explicit, state-based representation of the value, reward, and model parameters. Such a representation is unwieldy for dealing with complex environments and there is growing interest in learning with more compact representations. We claim that classic prioritized sweeping is ill-suited for learning with such representations. To overcome this deficiency, we introduce generalized prioritized sweeping, a principled method for generating representation-specific algorithms for model-based reinforcement learning. We then apply this method for several representations, including state-based models and generalized model approximators (such as Bayesian networks). We describe preliminary experiments that compare our approach with classical prioritized ...
In vivo Flow Cytometry (2004)

A two-beam, two-channel, two-photon flow cytometer is developed for both ex vivo measurement of cellular parameters and in vivo detection of fluorophores-labeled cells in live animals. Real-time detection of fluorescent microbeads in the vasculature of mouse ear demonstrates the ability to do flow cytometry in vivo.
The application of HALT and HASS principles in a high‐volume manufacturing environment (1998)

At 3Com Salt Lake City, HALT (highly accelerated life test) and HASS (highly accelerated stress screen) are invaluable tools used by the Reliability group to ensure that the product shipped meets the Customers' expectations for high quality and reliability. The subject of this paper is how and why these tools are used within the context of a reliability programme in a high-volume manufacturing environment, and to provide examples of their success. Copyright © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Production of Titanium Powder by the Calciothermic Reduction of Titanium Concentrates or Ore Using the Preform Reduction Process (2007)

With a view to developing a new process for the production of metallic titanium (Ti) powder, the preform reduction process (PRP) based on the calciothermic reduction of Ti concentrates or ore (TiO2) was investigated in this study. A Ti feed preform was fabricated at room temperature by casting and drying a prepared slurry that constituted a mixture of Ti concentrates (upgraded ilmenite (UGI), 97.1% TiO2) or Ti ore (rutile, 96.4% TiO2 with iron (Fe) as the major impurity), flux (CaCl2), and binder. In some experiments, carbon (C) powder was added into the slurry for an efficient Fe removal. The fabricated feed preform was calcined at 1273 K for removing the water and binder present in the preform. During the calcination of the feed preform, some metal impurities such as Fe were removed by selective chlorination. Multiple pieces of the sintered preform were then reacted with metallic calcium (Ca) vapor at 1273 K in a stainless steel reaction vessel, and Ti oxide (TiO2) in the preform was reduced to metal. After reduction, the reduced preform was subjected to a leaching process using an acetic acid solution and a hydrochloric acid solution in order to remove the by-product calcium oxide (CaO), excess reductant Ca, and other impurities in the sample. After leaching, the obtained powder was then rinsed and dried; this powder was shown to be metallic Ti with a purity of 99% up. It was experimentally demonstrated that PRP is a feasible technique to produce metallic Ti powder directly from Ti concentrates or ore.
Triangulation With Expanded Range Of Depth (1986)

We present a scanning triangulation system for large objects with high lateral and longitudinal resolution. The system is based on axicons in the illumination device and on the use of the Scheimpflug-condition in the observation path. We describe a scanning-by-deflection geometry that minimizes the number of necessary detector pixels.
Continuous Disaster Tolerance in the IaaS clouds (2012)

The advances of virtualization technology in Data Centres lead to the development of features such as High Availability, Disaster Recovery and Fault Tolerance. However, Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) computing clouds that span across distributed areas require even a more advanced mechanism. In this paper we present a Disaster Tolerance (DT) enablement solution that covers all layers of IaaS clouds. Technical aspects of implementation are highlighted, detailing the Seven-stage DT algorithm and the enhancements of Qemu-kvm hypervisor, Libvirt virtualization toolkit, Eucalyptus cloud and the Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) public API and tools.
test (2020)

Wydawnictwo SIGMA-NOT wydaje czasopisma fachowe informujące swoich czytelników o najnowszych osiągnięciach naukowych i nowoczesnych rozwiązaniach technicznych w Polsce i na świecie, popularyzuje problemy techniczne oraz poszerza wiedzę i kulturę techniczną.
Voice Activity Detection in Presence of Transient Noise Using Spectral Clustering (2013)

Voice activity detection has attracted significant research efforts in the last two decades. Despite much progress in designing voice activity detectors, voice activity detection (VAD) in presence of transient noise is a challenging problem. In this paper, we develop a novel VAD algorithm based on spectral clustering methods. We propose a VAD technique which is a supervised learning algorithm. This algorithm divides the input signal into two separate clusters (i.e., speech presence and speech absence frames). We use labeled data in order to adjust the parameters of the kernel used in spectral clustering methods for computing the similarity matrix. The parameters obtained in the training stage together with the eigenvectors of the normalized Laplacian of the similarity matrix and Gaussian mixture model (GMM) are utilized to compute the likelihood ratio needed for voice activity detection. Simulation results demonstrate the advantage of the proposed method compared to conventional statistical model-based VAD algorithms in presence of transient noise.
Suppression of cellular proliferation by the papillomavirus E2 protein (1995)

Carcinogenic progression of a human papillomavirus (HPV)-infected cell is often associated with integration of the viral genome in a manner which results in the loss of expression of the viral regulatory protein E2. One function of E2 is the regulation of expression of the viral oncogenes, E6 and E7. Introduction of the bovine papillomavirus type 1 (BPV-1) E2 transactivator (E2-TA) in HeLa cells, an HPV type 18 (HPV-18)-positive cervical carcinoma cell line results in growth arrest. In this study, we have found that the HPV-16 and HPV-18 E2 proteins share with BPV-1 E2-TA the ability to suppress HeLa cell growth. This property was not observed for the BPV-1 E2 transcriptional repressor (E2-TR). Analysis of various mutant E2 proteins for growth suppression revealed a requirement for the intact transactivation and DNA binding domains. A HeLa cell line (HeLa-tsE2) which expressed a conditional mutant E2 protein that was functional only at the permissive temperature (32 degrees C) was established, permitting an analysis of the molecular and cellular consequences of E2 expression. Our data indicate that one mechanism by which E2 suppresses cellular growth is through repression of E6 and E7 expression, thereby enabling the cellular targets of E6 and E7 to resume regulation of the cell cycle.
Surgical infections : diagnosis and treatment (1994)

Recognition, prevention, and treatment of surgical infections requires prompt and decisive action. This book provides information to aid making and action. 30 renowned experts show the reader how to quickly and efficiently manage infections commonly seen in surgical practice. Written for practising surgeons, this book provides must-know information about the treatment of infections in three important ways: fast-reading decision trees give you a logical decision-making sequence for diagnosis and management; keyed explanations spell out the reasoning behind management recommendations; and comprehensive discussions explain the underlying physiologic principles and clinical issues. A special feature is a Clinical Correlates chapter that examines three real cases of complex surgical infections. In his commentary on these cases, the author shows how the book can help the reader solve difficult clinical problems.