gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ATP-Sensitive Potassium (K<sub>ATP</sub>) Channel Activation Decreases Intraocular Pressure in the Anterior Chamber of the Eye (2011)

PURPOSE. ATP-sensitive potassium channel (K(ATP)) openers target key cellular events, many of which have been implicated in glaucoma. The authors sought to determine whether K(ATP) channel openers influence outflow facility in human anterior segment culture and intraocular pressure (IOP) in vivo. METHODS. Anterior segments from human eyes were placed in perfusion organ culture and treated with the K(ATP) channel openers diazoxide, nicorandil, and P1075 or the K(ATP) channel closer glyburide (glibenclamide). The presence, functionality, and specificity of K(ATP) channels were determined by RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, and inside-out patch clamp in human trabecular meshwork (TM) tissue or primary cultures of normal human trabecular meshwork (NTM) cells. The effect of diazoxide on IOP in anesthetized Brown Norway rats was measured with a rebound tonometer. RESULTS. K(ATP) channel openers increased outflow facility in human anterior segments (0.14 ± 0.02 to 0.26 ± 0.09 μL/min/mm Hg; P < 0.001) compared with fellow control eyes (0.22 ± 0.11 to 0.21 ± 0.11 μL/min/mm Hg; P > 0.5). The effect was reversible, with outflow facility returning to baseline after drug removal. The addition of glyburide inhibited diazoxide from increasing outflow facility. Electrophysiology confirmed the presence and specificity of functional K(ATP) channels. K(ATP) channel subunits K(ir)6.1, K(ir)6.2, SUR2A, and SUR2B were expressed in TM and NTM cells. In vivo, diazoxide significantly lowered IOP in Brown Norway rats. CONCLUSIONS. Functional K(ATP) channels are present in the trabecular meshwork. When activated by K(ATP) channel openers, these channels increase outflow facility through the trabecular outflow pathway in human anterior segment organ culture and decrease IOP in Brown Norway rat eyes.
Engineering of a Recombinant Vitamin K-dependent γ-Carboxylation System with Enhanced γ-Carboxyglutamic Acid Forming Capacity (2005)

The vitamin K-dependent gamma-carboxylation system in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane responsible for gamma-carboxyglutamic acid modification of vitamin K-dependent proteins includes gamma-carboxylase and vitamin K 2,3-epoxide reductase (VKOR). An understanding of the mechanism by which this system works at the molecular level has been hampered by the difficulty of identifying VKOR involved in warfarin sensitive reduction of vitamin K 2,3-epoxide to reduced vitamin K(1)H(2), the gamma-carboxylase cofactor. Identification and cloning of VKORC1, a proposed subunit of a larger VKOR enzyme complex, have provided opportunities for new experimental approaches aimed at understanding the vitamin K-dependent gamma-carboxylation system. In this work we have engineered stably transfected baby hamster kidney cells containing gamma-carboxylase and VKORC1 cDNA constructs, respectively, and stably double transfected cells with the gamma-carboxylase and the VKORC1 cDNA constructs in a bicistronic vector. All engineered cells showed increased activities of the enzymes encoded by the cDNAs. However increased activity of the gamma-carboxylation system, where VKOR provides the reduced vitamin K(1)H(2) cofactor, was measured only in cells transfected with VKORC1 and the double transfected cells. The results show that VKOR is the rate-limiting step in the gamma-carboxylation system and demonstrate successful engineering of cells containing a recombinant vitamin K-dependent gamma-carboxylation system with enhanced capacity for gamma-carboxyglutamic acid modification. The proposed thioredoxin-like (132)CXXC(135) redox center in VKORC1 was tested by expressing the VKORC1 mutants Cys(132)/Ser and Cys(135)/Ser in BHK cells. Both of the expressed mutant proteins were inactive supporting the existence of a CXXC redox center in VKOR.
Cyclosporine Improves Psoriasis in a Double-blind Study (1986)

In a double-blind trial, 21 patients with severe plaque psoriasis were randomly assigned to receive oral cyclosporine, 14 mg/kg/d, or its vehicle. After four weeks of therapy the 11 cyclosporine recipients had the following response to treatment: two had total clearing and six improved markedly, two moderately, and one minimally; whereas ten vehicle-treated patients showed no change or minimal improvement. Vehicle-treated patients, after a switch to cyclosporine for four weeks, demonstrated impressive improvement similar to that seen in patients who initially received only cyclosporine. Moderate or marked improvement or total clearing was noted in 17 (81%) of 21 and 20 (95%) of 21 after one and four weeks of therapy, respectively. Mitotic figures and leukotriene B4 levels in lesions decreased 86% and 64%, respectively, after seven days of cyclosporine therapy. Mononuclear (including activated T cells) and polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltrates were markedly reduced in lesions of all patients after seven days of cyclosporine therapy. These results suggest that psoriasis may have an immunologic basis mediated by activated T cells and/or other immune cells; if a long-term regimen with a favorable efficacy-side effect ratio can be determined, cyclosporine would be a significant advance in the treatment of psoriasis.
A new radiolucent system for vertebral body replacement: Its stability in comparison to other systems (1999)

Anterior intervention of metastatic lesions of the spine can accomplish relief of pain, spinal decompression, and restoration of spinal stability. Ventral vertebral body replacements have been developed to provide these conditions but there have been problems with loosening at the implant-bone interface, mechanical failure, and X-ray artifacts from the metal. Intraoperative stability of the vertebral body replacement is especially critical to avoid loosening of the implant and to achieve long-term bony incorporation. This study compared the biomechanical performance in vitro of a new radiolucent system for vertebral body replacement to three currently marketed systems. The new system features a composite bioglass-polyurethane body and a new configuration of polymeric fastening hardware. Range of motion, neutral zone, and several interfacial motion parameters were measured under pure moments of 3.75 Nm in the three anatomical directions. The new system provided the significantly highest restraint of motion for all parameters. Mechanically, the new system is preferable at least initially to a sampling of systems representative of those currently used.
Precision CMOS receivers for VLSI testing applications (2001)

Testing CMOS parts is becoming more difficult due to the proliferation of high-speed I/O circuits that operate at frequencies exceeding the performance capabilities of modern testers. The performance gap between high-speed chip I/O frequencies and tester frequencies is further extended by the rapid performance scaling of CMOS, compared to bipolar and GaAs technologies which are commonly used in tester electronics.
Time-lapse multicomponent geophone and DAS VSP processing and analysis (2019)

Various geophone and distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) vertical seismic profile (VSP) datasets acquired in south central Texas are processed for P-wave and PS-wave imaging.The surveys acquired and analyzed in this project were time-lapse zero-offset and walkaway recorded on both geophones and DAS, and a 3D survey recorded only by DAS.This project focuses on reprocessing and analyzing the various datasets to evaluate the differences between the geophone and DAS VSP surveys and to analyze the time-lapse changes from hydraulic fracturing.The DAS performs comparably to the geophones and records PS-waves well enough to be processed and interpreted.DAS fiber has significant advantages over geophones in large VSP surveys due to the larger receiver depth aperture.DAS receiver spacing is also denser than geophone arrays, but DAS records only the particle motion parallel to the fiber whereas geophones can record three-components.A P-wave velocity model is developed from the first-break picks of the zero-offset geophone VSP and used in the processing of various other datasets.Using the Vp/Vs ratio from sonic logs, the corresponding shear wave velocity model is developed.The velocity models
MACROPHAGE RECEPTORS AND IMMUNE RECOGNITION (2005)

Macrophages express a broad range of plasma membrane receptors that mediate their interactions with natural and altered-self components of the host as well as a range of microorganisms. Recognition is followed by surface changes, uptake, signaling, and altered gene expression, contributing to homeostasis, host defense, innate effector mechanisms, and the induction of acquired immunity. This review covers recent studies of selected families of structurally defined molecules, studies that have improved understanding of ligand discrimination in the absence of opsonins and differential responses by macrophages and related myeloid cells.
Growth factor delivery-based tissue engineering: general approaches and a review of recent developments (2010)

The identification and production of recombinant morphogens and growth factors that play key roles in tissue regeneration have generated much enthusiasm and numerous clinical trials, but the results of many of these trials have been largely disappointing. Interestingly, the trials that have shown benefit all contain a common denominator, the presence of a material carrier, suggesting strongly that spatio-temporal control over the location and bioactivity of factors after introduction into the body is crucial to achieve tangible therapeutic effect. Sophisticated materials systems that regulate the biological presentation of growth factors represent an attractive new generation of therapeutic agents for the treatment of a wide variety of diseases. This review provides an overview of growth factor delivery in tissue engineering. Certain fundamental issues and design strategies relevant to the material carriers that are being actively pursued to address specific technical objectives are discussed. Recent progress highlights the importance of materials science and engineering in growth factor delivery approaches to regenerative medicine.
Analysis of the Complete Nucleotide Sequence of Chp1, a Phage which Infects Avian Chlamydia psittaci (1989)

We report the complete nucleotide sequence of bacteriophage Chp1. The genome was found to be 4877 bases long and it potentially codes for 11 proteins. Open reading frames (ORFs) 6 and 7 lie within ORFs 2 and 1 respectively but are in a second reading frame. No significant DNA homology was found when Chp1 was compared to the EMBL database. The N-terminal amino acid sequences of the three structural proteins VP1, VP2 and VP3 were determined and it was found that they were encoded by ORFs 1, 2 and 3 respectively. Amino acid homology studies revealed that VP1 has homology with the major structural protein of bacteriophages phi X174 and S13, and that the protein inferred from ORF 4 shows homology to the A proteins of phi X174, S13 and G4. The genome of Chp1 has an organization similar to that of phi X174 although it is 509 bases smaller. We propose that Chp1 is a member of the Microviridae but that it is sufficiently different to warrant its own subfamily which we have called the Chlamydiavirinae.
Serum and Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins and the Blood-Brain Barrier in Alzheimer’s Disease and Multi-Infarct Dementia (1987)

Serum concentrations of IgG, IgA, IgM, haptoglobin, transferrin, prealbumin and albumin quantitated nephelometrically in 22 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), 29 patients with multi-infarct dementia (MID) and their age-matched controls were normal. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) albumin and CSF/serum ratio for albumin were higher in AD and MID patients compared to controls, but no significant differences were found between AD and MID. Patients with MID had elevated CSF IgG, IgA, IgM and prealbumin levels compared to controls and to AD. An increased CSF IgG index was found in 5 MID patients but none of the AD patients. Thus, the blood-brain barrier permeability is often increased in MID as well as in AD. There is no increased intrathecal IgG synthesis in AD but it may occur in MID.
Controlled Association of Amphiphilic Polymers in Water:  Thermosensitive Nanoparticles Formed by Self-Assembly of Hydrophobically Modified Pullulans and Poly(<i>N</i>-isopropylacrylamides) (2000)

Thermoresponsive hydrogel nanoparticles were prepared by self-assembly of two different hydrophobically modified polymers, namely a cholesterol-bearing pullulan (CHP) and a copolymer of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) and N-[4-(1-pyrenyl)butyl]-N-n-octadecylacrylamide] (PNIPAM-C18Py). The interactions between CHP and PNIPAM-C18Py were investigated by fluorescence spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, and size exclusion chromatography. After ultrasonication of a mixture of CHP and PNIPAM-C18Py (5:1 by weight) at 25 °C, monodisperse nanoparticles (Dh = 45 nm) were obtained, consisting of self-assembly of the two polymers associated via their hydrophobic moieties. Evidence from fluorescence and dynamic light scattering demonstrated that, above 32 °C, the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of PNIPAM-C18Py, the colloidal mixed nanoparticles increase in diameter (from 47 to 160 nm), but no macroscopic aggregation could be detected. This phenomenon was thermoreversible: upon cooling the particles recovered their original diameter.
A System for 3D Video Acquisition and Spatio-Temporally Coherent 3D Animation Reconstruction using Multiple RGB-D Cameras (2013)

We present a system for acquiring synchronized multi-view color and depth (RGB-D) data using multiple off-the-shelf Microsoft Kinect and a new method for reconstructing spatio-temporally coherent 3D animation from time-varying dynamic RGB-D data. Our acquisition system is independent of any specific hardware component for the synchronization of the camera system. We show that the data acquired by our framework can be synchronously registered in a global coordinate system and then can be used to reconstruct the 3D animation of a dynamic scene. The main benefit of our work is that instead of relying on expensive multi-view video capture setups, multiple low cost Microsoft Kinect sensors can capture both the image and the depth data to do a 360 o reconstruction of a dynamic scene. We also present a new algorithm for tracking dynamic three-dimensional point cloud data that can be used to reconstruct a time-coherent representation of a 3D animation without using any template model or a-prior assumption about the underlying surface. We show that despite some limitations imposed by the hardware for the synchronous acquisition of the data we can get reasonably good reconstruction of the animated 3D geometry, which can be used in a number of applications.
Introducing collaboration in single-user applications through the Centralized Control architecture (2010)

In this paper we describe a novel Model-View-Controller based architecture, Centralized Control, that introduces collaboration in single-users applications. The architecture is able to add collaboration with no need to modify the source code of the original single-user application, and providing als
Automatically extracting structure from a logical design (2003)

An algorithm for extracting structure from a logical design is presented. It uses a data structure which explicitly represents not only connectivity, but also a variety of information that is generated during logical design. The algorithm is applied to a small design and used to determine the layout. Work is in progress to increase the number of functional cluster types that can be extracted and to develop additional heuristics for automatically mapping the structure onto the chip.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Stable Liquid Crystals with Large Negative Dielectric Anisotropy-I (1982)

Abstract The introduction of one lateral cyano group in the 4-n-alkyl phenyl esters of different aromatic and alicyclic acids strongly depresses their clearing points and does not lead to large negative Δϵ. The 2,3-dicyano hydroquinone derivatives possess the required Δϵ but are photochemically unstable. The effect of the 2,3-dicyano substituents on the N-I transition is almost the same as that of the 2-cyano group.
High-Frequency Genetic Recombination and Reactivation of Orthopoxviruses from DNA Fragments Transfected into Leporipoxvirus-Infected Cells (2003)

Poxvirus DNA is not infectious because establishing an infection requires the activities of enzymes packaged in the virion. This barrier can be overcome by transfecting virus DNA into cells previously infected with another poxvirus, since the resident virus can provide the trans-acting systems needed to reactivate transfected DNA. In this study we show that cells infected with a leporipoxvirus, Shope fibroma virus (SFV), can reactivate vaccinia virus DNA. Similar heterologous packaging systems which used fowlpox-infected cells to reactivate vaccinia virus have been described, but SFV-infected cells promoted a far more efficient reaction that can produce virus titers exceeding 10(6) PFU/ micro g of transfected DNA. SFV-promoted reactions also exploit the hyperrecombinogenic systems previously characterized in SFV-infected cells, and these coupled recombination and reactivation reactions could be used to delete nonessential regions of the vaccinia virus genome and to reconstruct vaccinia virus from overlapping DNA fragments. SFV-catalyzed recombination reactions need only two 18- to 20-bp homologies to target PCR amplicons to restriction enzyme-cut vaccinia virus vectors, and this reaction feature was used to rapidly clone and express a gene encoding fluorescent green protein without the need for plaque purification or selectable markers. The ability of SFV-infected cells to reactivate fragments of vaccinia virus was ultimately limited by the number of recombinational exchanges required and one cannot reconstruct vaccinia virus from multiple PCR fragments spanning essential portions of the genome. These observations suggest that recombination is an integral part of poxvirus reactivation reactions and provide a useful new technique for altering the structure of poxvirus genomes.
The coordination polymerization of silanes to polysilanes by a ".sigma.-bond metathesis" mechanism. Implications for linear chain growth (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleThe coordination polymerization of silanes to polysilanes by a ".sigma.-bond metathesis" mechanism. Implications for linear chain growthT. Don TilleyCite this: Acc. Chem. Res. 1993, 26, 1, 22–29Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1993https://doi.org/10.1021/ar00025a004RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views1963Altmetric-Citations366LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (802 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Cerebral ischemia induces micro vascular pro-inflammatory cytokine expression via the MEK/ERK pathway (2010)

The present study shows elevated microvascular expression of TNF-alpha, IL-1ss, IL-6 and iNOS following focal ischemia, and shows that this expression is transcriptionally regulated via the MEK/ERK pathway.
Synthesis, Calpain Inhibitory Activity, and Cytotoxicity of P<sub>2</sub>-Substituted Proline and Thiaproline Peptidyl Aldehydes and Peptidyl α-Ketoamides (2006)

Calpain is a cytosolic cysteine endopeptidase that has been implicated in a number of disorders including cancer. We have synthesized and studied the mu-calpain inhibitory activity and cytotoxicity of peptidyl aldehydes and peptidyl alpha-ketoamides with N-substituted D-proline or L-thiaproline residues at the P2-postion. The most potent and most selective members of the series were (R)-1-(4-nitrophenylsulfonyl)-N-((R,S)-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl)pyrrolidine-2-carboxamide (1j) and (R)-1-(4-iodophenylsulfonyl)-N-((R,S)-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl)pyrrolidine-2-carboxamide (1n). The compounds inhibited mu-calpain with Ki values of 0.02 microM and 0.03 microM, respectively, and displayed over 180-fold (1j) and 130-fold (1n) greater affinity for mu-calpain compared to cathepsin B. The cytotoxic effect of the compounds was evaluated in two leukemia cell lines (Daudi and Jurkat) and three solid tumor cell lines (DU-145, PC-3, and HeLa). Generally the compounds were modestly cytotoxic and displayed no correlation between the cytotoxic activity and mu-calpain inhibition.
Heat Shock Factor 1 Represses Transcription of the IL-1β Gene through Physical Interaction with the Nuclear Factor of Interleukin 6 (2002)

Heat shock factor (HSF) 1 is the major heat shock transcription factor that regulates stress-inducible synthesis of heat shock proteins and is also essential in protection against endotoxic shock. Following our previous study, which demonstrated the transcriptional repression of the IL-1beta gene by HSF1 (Cahill, C. M., Waterman, W. R., Xie, Y., Auron, P. E., and Calderwood, S. K. (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271, 24874-24879), we have examined the mechanisms of transcriptional repression. Our studies show that HSF1 represses the lipopolyliposaccharide-induced transcription of the IL-1beta promoter through direct interaction with the nuclear factor of interleukin 6 (NF-IL6, also known as CCAAT enhancer binding protein (C/EBPbeta), an essential regulator in IL-1beta transcription. We show for the first time that HSF1 binds directly to NF-IL6 in vivo and antagonizes its activity. The HSF1/NF-IL6 interaction involves a sequence of HSF1 containing the trimerization and regulatory domains and the bZip region of NF-IL6. HSF1 has little effect on IL-1beta promoter activity stimulated by the essential monocytic transcription factor Spi.1 but is strongly inhibitory to transcriptional activation by NF-IL6 and to the synergistic activation by NF-IL6 and Spi.1. Because of its ability to bind to specific C/EBP elements in the promoters of multiple genes and its ability to interact with other transcription factors, NF-IL6 is involved in transcriptional regulation of a wide range of genes. Interaction between HSF1 and NF-IL6 could thus be an important mechanism in HSF1 regulation of general gene transcription during endotoxin stress.