gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
E-Selectin Gene Expression in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells (1997)

E-Selectin is an inducible, endothelium-specific, cell surface adhesion molecule that mediates inflammatory responses in the vasculature. Nonendothelial cell types such as cultured human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs) lack the ability to express E-selectin. We tested the hypothesis that HASMCs express a negative regulatory factor that inhibits E-selectin gene expression. E-Selectin mRNA and gene transcription were not detected in HASMCs after treatment with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) by Northern and nuclear runoff analyses, respectively. However, both E-selectin mRNA and gene transcription were dramatically induced by TNF-alpha in the same cells pretreated with the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide. Lipopolysaccharide demonstrated similar effects. Furthermore, E-selectin was detected on the cell surface of HASMCs after washing out of cycloheximide. Cycloheximide pretreatment enabled immortalized human dermal microvascular endothelial cells that have lost the ability to express E-selectin to induce both E-selectin mRNA and gene transcription in response to TNF-alpha. Induction of E-selectin mRNA by lipopolysaccharide or TNF-alpha in cycloheximide-treated HASMCs was inhibited by the antioxidant pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate and the serine protease inhibitor N alpha-L-tosyl-L-phenylalanine chloromethyl ketone, suggesting that a nuclear factor-kappa B-like mechanism may play an important role in E-selectin gene expression in HASMCs. These data strongly suggest that a labile repressor protein(s) plays an important role in inhibiting E-selectin gene expression in HASMCs likely at the level of gene transcription. Except for this repressor, HASMCs and endothelial cells may share similar regulatory mechanisms for controlling E-selectin expression.
High Dynamic Range Multispectral System for Wide Color Gamut Measurements (2006)

The aim of the present work is to analyze the performance for color measurements of systems based on optoelectronic imaging sensors, training the imaging system by measuring color patches belonging to widely different color gamuts, and optimizing the capture conditions with a luminance adaptation model so that all the digital signals were located within the linear range of the system response. The application of this luminance adaptation model allows to measure all the colors in a common scene which could contain colors very different in luminance, and as a result, the dynamic range of the system to be increased.The employed imaging system was composed of a 12 bitdepth CCD monochrome camera attached to an objective lens. Two different configurations were used: a colorimetric one, with three acquisition channels obtained by means of an RGB tunable filter, and a multispectral one, with seven acquisition channels obtained by placing a motorized wheel with seven interference filters.The quality of the color measurements provided by each configuration was analyzed in terms of the mean, maximum and minimum CIELab color differences between the predicted XYZ tristimulus values, and the measured XYZ ones. The distribution of the color difference values of the patches for each color chart was also considered by means of histograms of color differences.The results obtained showed that it is possible to increase the color gamut without a loss of performance. Similar results were obtained using the CCDC chart, the selected Munsell colors, and these both joined as training and test sets, which indicated that either the selected Munsell colors or the CCDC allowed to train the system properly. A slight improvement in the results was observed using the multispectral configuration with respect to the colorimetric one when the same set of colors was used as training and test set.
Development of a Linker with an Enhanced Stability for the Preparation of Peptide Thioesters and Its Application to the Synthesis of a Stable-Isotope-Labelled HU-Type DNA-Binding Protein (1993)

Abstract An S-alkyl-thioester-moiety-containing linker with an enhanced stability on a resin has been developed. A linker containing S-alkyl thioester with a spacer group, –CO–SC(CH3)2CH2CO–Nle–, was stable during the peptide chain elongation cycle. This thioester was stable under HF treatment conditions, and was rapidly activated by silver ions in the presence of N-hydroxysuccinimde (HONSu) to form a peptide bond. Using this linker, peptide segments covering the HU-type DNA-binding protein of Bacillus stearothermophilus (HBs), which was site-specifically labelled with 2H, 13C, and 15N, were prepared. Using these peptide segments, multi-labelled HBs was synthesized. Distinct signals of 2H, 13C, and 15N in HBs were detected by NMR spectrometry.
Physical Properties and Biodegradability of Microbial Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhysical Properties and Biodegradability of Microbial Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate)Eihaku Shimamura, Kenichi Kasuya, Genta Kobayashi, Takeshi Shiotani, Yu Shima, and Yoshiharu DoiCite this: Macromolecules 1994, 27, 3, 878–880Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00081a041https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00081a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views835Altmetric-Citations174LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Staffing Algorithm for Call Centers with Skill-Based Routing (2005)

Call centers usually handle several types of calls, but it is usually not possible or cost effective to have every agent be able to handle every type of call. Thus, the agents tend to have different skills, in different combinations. In such an environment, it is challenging to route calls effectively and determine the staff requirements. This paper addresses both of these routing and staffing problems by exploiting limited cross-training. Consistent with the literature on flexible manufacturing, we find that minimal flexibility can provide great benefits: Simulation experiments show that when (1) the service-time distribution does not depend on the call type or the agent and (2) each agent has only two skills, in appropriate combinations, the performance is almost as good as when each agent has all skills. We apply this flexibility property to develop an algorithm for both routing and staffing, aiming to minimize the total staff subject to per-class performance constraints. With appropriate flexibility, it suffices to use a suboptimal routing algorithm. Simulation experiments show that the overall procedure can be remarkably effective: The required staff with limited cross-training can be nearly the same as if all agents had all skills. Hence, the overall algorithm is nearly optimal for that scenario.
EnLoc: Energy-Efficient Localization for Mobile Phones (2009)

A growing number of mobile phone applications utilize physical location to express the context of information. Most of these location-based applications assume GPS capabilities. Unfortunately, GPS incurs an unacceptable energy cost that can reduce the phone's battery life to less than nine hours. Alternate localization technologies, based on WiFi or GSM, improve battery life at the expense of localization accuracy. This paper quantifies this important tradeoff that underlies a range of emerging services. Driven by measurements from Nokia N95 phones, we develop an energy-efficient localization framework called EnLoc. The framework characterizes the optimal localization accuracy for a given energy budget, and develops prediction- based heuristics for real-time use. Evaluation on traces from real users demonstrates the possibility of achieving good localization accuracy for a realistic energy budget.
Tapping-mode atomic force microscopy and phase-imaging in higher eigenmodes (1999)

Tapping-mode atomic force microscopy (TM-AFM) is a powerful tool to study soft biological samples. Higher eigenmodes of the vibrating cantilever offer enhanced signal and smaller time constants increasing the sensitivity of the tapping probe as compared to conventional TM-AFM. The first five eigenmodes of a v-shaped silicon cantilever were investigated with respect to their suitability for imaging. Stable imaging was possible in the first and third modes. Phase imaging in the third mode was extremely sensitive to surface inhomogeneities and surface contamination particles not visible in standard TM-AFM.
A CMOS double-heterodyne FM receiver (1986)

Experimental results for a narrow-band, adjustment-free double-heterodyne CMOS FM receiver with a high-Q switched-capacitor IF filter centered at 3 MHz are presented. The integration covers all the filtering and demodulation circuits from radio-frequency circuits (50-100 MHz) to the audio output. An experimental prototype FM receiver exhibiting a 5-mV input sensitivity and a -30-dB quieting level is implemented using 1.75-/spl mu/m double-poly CMOS technology. The chip occupies 7.7 mm and dissipates 80 mW with a 5-V supply.
Treatment of Schizophrenia With Long-Acting Injectable Risperidone (2003)

In terms of both safety and efficacy, symptomatically stable patients with schizophrenia benefit from being switched to long-acting injectable risperidone.
Pharmaceutical intervention for myopia control (2010)

Myopia is the result of a mismatch between the optical power and the length of the eye, with the latter being too long. Driving the research in this field is the need to develop myopia treatments that can limit axial elongation. When axial elongation is excessive, as in high myopia, there is an increased risk of visual impairment and blindness due to ensuing pathologies such as retinal detachments. This article covers both clinical studies involving myopic children, and studies involving animal models for myopia. Atropine, a nonselective muscarinic antagonist, has been studied most extensively in both contexts. Because it remains the only drug used in a clinical setting, it is a major focus of the first part of this article, which also covers the many shortcomings of topical ophthalmic atropine. The second part of this article focuses on in vitro and animal-based drug studies, which encompass a range of drug targets including the retina, retinal pigment epithelium and sclera. While the latter studies have contributed to a better understanding of how eye growth is regulated, no new antimyopia drug treatments have reached the clinical setting. Less conservative approaches in research, and in particular, the exploration of new bioengineering approaches for drug delivery, are needed to advance this field.
Limitations in Ring Rearrangement of Fused γ-Lactams Imposed by a Quaternary Carbon Atom. Cyclization of Acid Lactams to Spiro Keto Lactams (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLimitations in Ring Rearrangement of Fused γ-Lactams Imposed by a Quaternary Carbon Atom. Cyclization of Acid Lactams to Spiro Keto LactamsGordon N. Walker, David Alkalay, and Ronald T. SmithCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1965, 30, 9, 2973–2983Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01020a020https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01020a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views266Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Olfactory Function and Associated Clinical Correlates in Former National Football League Players (2016)

Professional American football players incur thousands of repetitive head impacts (RHIs) throughout their lifetime. The long-term consequences of RHI are not well characterized, but may include olfactory dysfunction. RHI has been associated with changes to brain regions involved in olfaction, and olfactory impairment is common after traumatic brain injury. Olfactory dysfunction is a frequent early sequelae of neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Alzheimer's disease), and RHI is associated with the neurodegenerative disease, chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). We examined olfaction, and its association with clinical measures, in former National Football League (NFL) players. Ninety-five former NFL players (ages 40-69) and 28 same-age controls completed a neuropsychological and neuropsychiatric evaluation as part of a National Institutes of Health-funded study. The Brief Smell Identification Test (B-SIT) assessed olfaction. Principal component analysis generated a four-factor structure of the clinical measures: behavioral/mood, psychomotor speed/executive function, and verbal and visual memory. Former NFL players had worse B-SIT scores relative to controls (p = 0.0096). A B-SIT cutoff of 11 had the greatest accuracy (c-statistic = 0.61) and specificity (79%) for discriminating former NFL players from controls. In the former NFL players, lower B-SIT scores correlated with greater behavioral/mood impairment (p = 0.0254) and worse psychomotor speed/executive functioning (p = 0.0464) after controlling for age and education. Former NFL players exhibited lower olfactory test scores relative to controls, and poorer olfactory test performance was associated with worse neuropsychological and neuropsychiatric functioning. Future work that uses more-comprehensive tests of olfaction and structural and functioning neuroimaging may improve understanding on the association between RHI and olfaction.
Identification of an epitope on the P and V proteins of simian virus 5 that distinguishes between two isolates with different biological characteristics (1991)

Two canine isolates of simian virus 5 (SV5), termed CPI+ and CPI-, were examined for their ability to react with a bank of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) that had been previously raised against a human isolate of SV5. CPI- virus was originally isolated from the brain of a gnotobiotic dog infected with CPI+ virus and establishes persistent infections more readily than CPI+ in vitro. Of more than 50 MAbs tested, only one (P-k) reacted with CPI+ but not CPI-, enabling distinction between the two canine isolates. It had been shown previously that MAb P-k reacts with an epitope common to both the P and V proteins. In order to characterize further the epitope binding site of this MAb the P/V genes of CPI+ and CPI- were sequenced. There were four nucleotide differences between CPI+ and CPI-, three of which resulted in predicted amino acid substitutions. Synthetic peptides corresponding to regions encompassing these changes were made and radioimmune competition assays were used to identify the epitope binding site of MAb P-k. Sequence comparison of the P/V gene of CPI+ with the published sequence of a monkey isolate of SV5 (W3) revealed 14 nucleotide differences with five amino acid substitutions. The only amino acid substitution observed between CPI+, CPI- and W3 which altered the predicted secondary structures of the P and V proteins was a leucine to proline change that induced a predicted beta-turn and resulted in the loss of binding of MAb P-k.
Uncertainty decoding with SPLICE for noise robust speech recognition (2002)

Speech recognition front end noise removal algorithms have. in the past, estimated clean speech features from corrupted speech features. The accuracy of the noise removal process varies from frame to frame, and from dimension to dimension in the feature stream, due in part to the instantaneous SR of the input. In this paper, we show that localized knowledge of the accuracy of the noise removal process can be directly incorporated into the Gaussian evaluation within the decoder, to produce higher recognition accuracies. To prove this concept, we modify the SPLICE algorithm to output uncertainty information, and show that the combination of SPLICE with uncertainty decoding can remove 74.2% of the errors in a subset of the Aurora2 task.
Dynamically Configuring Communication Services with the Service Configurator Pattern (1998)

A rapidly growing collection of communication services are now available on the Internet. A communication service is a component in a server that provides capabilities to clients. Services available on the Internet include: WWW browsing and content retrieval services (e.g., Alta Vista, Apache, Netscape’s HTTP server); software distribution services (e.g., Castinet), electronic mail and network news transfer agents (e.g., sendmail and nntpd), file access on remote machines (e.g., ftpd), remote terminal access (e.g., rlogind and telnetd), routing table management (e.g., gated and routed), host and user activity reporting (e.g., fingerd and rwhod), network time protocols (e.g., ntpd), and request brokerage services (e.g., orbixd and RPC portmapper).
Antiviral Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Infections (2010)

While 25 compounds have been formally licensed for the treatment of HIV infection (AIDS), only seven licensed products are currently available for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection: interferon-α, pegylated interferon-α, lamivudine, adefovir (dipivoxil), entecavir, telbivudine and tenofovir (disoproxil fumarate). In contrast to the treatment of HIV infections where the individual drugs are routinely used in combination, for the treatment of chronic HBV infection the individual drugs are generally used in monotherapy. In principle, combination drug therapy should allow reducing the likelihood of drug-resistant development.
Biological rationale for the use of DNA methyltransferase inhibitors as new strategy for modulation of tumor response to chemotherapy and radiation (2010)

Epigenetic modifications play a key role in the patho-physiology of many tumors and the current use of agents targeting epigenetic changes has become a topic of intense interest in cancer research. DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitors represent a promising class of epigenetic modulators. Research performed yielded promising anti-tumorigenic activity for these agents in vitro and in vivo against a variety of hematologic and solid tumors. These epigenetic modulators cause cell cycle and growth arrest, differentiation and apoptosis. Rationale for combining these agents with cytotoxic therapy or radiation is straightforward since the use of DNMT inhibitor offers greatly improved access for cytotoxic agents or radiation for targeting DNA-protein complex. The positive results obtained with these combined approaches in preclinical cancer models demonstrate the potential impact DNMT inhibitors may have in treatments of different cancer types. Therefore, as the emerging interest in use of DNMT inhibitors as a potential chemo- or radiation sensitizers is constantly increasing, further clinical investigations are inevitable in order to finalize and confirm the consistency of current observations.The present article will provide a brief review of the biological significance and rationale for the clinical potential of DNMT inhibitors in combination with other chemotherapeutics or ionizing radiation. The molecular basis and mechanisms of action for these combined treatments will be discussed herein.
Melting of Rodlike Molecules on Pt(111). Infrared Spectroscopic Studies of Isotopically Labeled <i>n</i>-Alkanes (1998)

The melting of monolayers of isotopically labeled n-alkanes on Pt(111) surfaces has been followed by reflection−absorption infrared (RAIR) spectroscopy, and the results are compared with those of an earlier study of the unlabeled molecules (J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 15629−15278). Temperature-dependent studies show that monolayers of the n-octane isotopolog, CD3(CH2)6CD3, melt on Pt(111) from a two-dimensionally ordered phase to one having one-dimensional order (“hexatic”) near 220 K, a temperature essentially identical to that seen for unlabeled n-octane. The RAIR spectra of the labeled molecules generally confirm (but in one case clarify an overly simplistic interpretation of) the assignments of the bands made in the earlier study. Specifically, the assignment of a low-frequency “softened” mode near 2760 cm-1 to a νCH stretch for proximal (i.e., surface-contacting) methylene C−H bonds has been verified. A feature near 2900 cm-1 had previously been assigned to a distal methylene C−H stretch, and the line width of this band was thought to increase as a result of the 2D → 1D melting transition. The present study shows that this latter proposal is not entirely correct: the 2900 cm-1 feature actually consists of two bands separated by 5−15 cm-1 (for adsorbed n-octane) due to a Fermi resonance between a distal methylene C−H stretch and the first overtone of a methyl C−H bending mode. Owing to the small frequency difference between the split components of the Fermi resonance, these two bands partially overlap, and thus the appearance of the combined feature is largely determined by small changes in the relative frequencies of the methyl δCH overtone and the methylene νCH fundamental. The studies of the labeled n-alkanes confirm, however, that melting to the 1D phase is accompanied by distinct changes in the frequency of the low-frequency (softened) νCH band near 2760 cm-1. More generally, these results establish unambiguously that the normal modes of an adsorbed n-alkane are very different from the normal modes of the free molecule because the low frequencies of the proximal C−H oscillators cause them to be decoupled from the distal C−H oscillators. An analysis of the temperature dependence of the softened νCH mode using a critical temperature scaling model shows a correlation which can be rationalized in the context of the amplitude of the frustrated translational mode (the true low-frequency soft mode) that drives the (2D → 1D) order−order transition in this system.
Balun design for uniplanar broad band double balancedmixer (1995)

A novel balun based on an asymmetric coplanar waveguide with finite ground plane (ASYCPWFGP) to coplanar strip (CPS) transition is presented. A return loss better than 16 dB is obtained up to 50 GHz. The baluns are combined with four silicon Schottky barrier crossover diodes to yield a planar double-balanced mixer (DBM) which demonstrates an ultra-broadband performance up to 40 GHz.