gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Opal: A Single Address Space System for 64-bit Architectures (1992)

No abstract available.
Inhibitory Effect and Possible Mechanism of Intraurethral Stimulation on Overactive Bladder in Female Rats (2015)

Activation of urethral afferent nerves can reverse OAB, which activates C-fiber afferent nerves. This animal study indicates that intraurethral stimulation may interfere with OAB through hypogastric nerve activation and pudendal nerve neuromodulation.
Novel Approach of Cyclodextrin-based Pharmaceutical Formulation (2012)

The α-, β-, and γ-CyDs are the most common natural CyDs, consisting of six, seven, and eight glucose units, respectively. Among the natural CyDs, bioadaptable γ-cyclodextrin (γ-CyD) is useful to improve the undesired properties of drug molecules through the formation of inclusion complex. Recently, various kinds of CyD derivatives such as hydrophilic, hydrophobic, amphiphatic and anionic CyDs have been developed, anticipating the design of CyD-based drug delivery system. The objective of this contribution is to outline our recent findings on the combinational use of γ-CyD and functional ingredients, focusing on the ability to increase the drug absorption, the ability to control the rate and time profiles of drug release, and the ability to deliver a drug to a targeted site. In addition, the multi-functional characteristic of hydroxyalkylated CyDs, in particular, 2-hydroxypropyl-β-CyD (HP-β-CyD) is applicable to design the novel pharmaceutical formulation, focusing on the ability to form hydrophilic nano-particles. Moreover, some amphiphatic CyDs such as 2,6-di-O-methyl-β-CyD (DM-β-CyD) and 2-hydroxybutyl-β-CyD (HB-β-CyD) are useful to control the crystallization and polymorphic transition of solid drugs and will provide an opportunity to isolate labile intermediate metastable polymorphs. On the basis of above-mentioned knowledge, this review explores the use of CyDs to better understand their pharmaceutical applications as well as their limitations in the approach of CyD-based drug delivery system.
Reciprocal cross‐talk between RANKL and interferon‐γ–inducible protein 10 is responsible for bone‐erosive experimental arthritis (2008)

Our findings suggest that IP-10 plays a critical role in the infiltration of CD4+ T cells and F4/80+ macrophages into inflamed joints and causes bone destruction. Our results provide the first evidence that IP-10 contributes to the recruitment of inflammatory cells and is involved in bone erosion in inflamed joints.
Transplantation of Human Fetal Dopamine Cells for Parkinson's Disease (1990)

In an effort to improve the clinical signs of Parkinson's disease, we have implanted mesencephalic dopamine cells from a 7-week human embryo into the caudate and putamen of a 52-year-old man with Parkinson's disease. Fetal tissue was obtained from elective abortion. The woman and the patient with Parkinson's disease were unknown to each other. The woman gave specific consent and was not paid. The patient had a 20-year history of parkinsonism treated with multiple drug therapies including levodopa/carbidopa (Sinemet) every 2 1/2 hours. His symptoms were worse on the left side. For 5 months prior to transplantation, the patient underwent clinical evaluations by both a neurologist and a computer system installed in his home for daily measurement of walking and hand movements. Preoperative positron emission tomographic scanning with 6-L[18F]fluorodopa (fluorodopa) demonstrated severe dopamine depletion bilaterally. Fetal tissue was matched to the patient for ABO blood antigens, and maternal serum was screened for hepatitis B and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 prior to surgery. Fetal tissue was implanted stereotactically throughout the caudate and putamen on the right side of the brain via 10 needle tracks. The patient was not immunosuppressed. Results 12 months after surgery showed 42% improvement in left-hand speed before the first morning dose of drug and 40% greater response to drug therapy. Right-hand speed increased 15% before drug therapy and 23% after drug therapy. Reaction time was unaffected. Walking speed increased 33% after drug administration, although walking speed before the first morning dose of drugs declined 40%. Walking speed on an all-day basis improved 17%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Septicemia in 980 Patients at a University Hospital in Berlin: Prospective Studies During 4 Selected Years Between 1979 and 1989 (1992)

A total of 980 episodes of clinically and bacteriologically proven septicemia were included in four prospective 1-year studies at a 1,300-bed university hospital in Berlin between 1979 and 1989. The incidence was 8.1 per 1,000 admissions. The percentage of patients with severe underlying diseases increased significantly from 67% to 95% over the decade. Septicemia due to gram-positive bacteria decreased from 47.3% in 1979 to 43.7% in 1986 and increased again to 51.2% in 1989. Septicemia due to gram-negative organisms decreased constantly from 45.0% in 1979 to 39.8% in 1989. The most frequently isolated species were Escherichia coli (26.4%), Staphylococcus aureus (18.9%), coagulase-negative staphylococci (10.2%), enterococci (7.7%), viridans streptococci (6.4%), Klebsiella species (5.5%), and pneumococci (5.0%). The overall mortality rate decreased significantly from 33.6% in 1979 to 20.8% in 1989. Mortality for episodes of septicemia due to gram-positive bacteria (25.5%) was higher than that for septicemia due to gram-negative bacteria (18.3%). Mortality rates associated with polymicrobic and fungal septicemia were higher than the overall mortality rate.
Electrostatic Interactions of Monoclonal Antibodies With Subcutaneous Tissue (2011)

It was found that positively charged monoclonal antibodies bind to subcutaneous tissue in a manner that is dependent on ionic strength and pH, suggesting the electrostatic nature of the interaction. As expected, saturation of both nonspecific and electrostatic subcutaneous binding sites was observed after incubation with highly concentrated monoclonal antibody solutions. Additionally, it was demonstrated using model proteins that electrostatic effects of buffer components depend on ionic strength of ions bearing opposite charge rather than total ionic strength of the solution. These results suggest that electrostatic interactions may play a role in absorption processes of positively charged therapeutic proteins after subcutaneous administration.
Vaginal Immunization with Recombinant Gram‐Positive Bacteria (1998)

The results obtained indicated that the approach of using colonizing Gram-positive bacteria as live vectors has a great potential for the development of vaccines against STDs.
MWD: Formation Evaluation Case Histories in the Gulf of Mexico (1984)

Abstract Measurement-While-Drilling (MWD) logs are being used in the Gulf of Mexico for formation evaluation as well as for drilling applications in both exploratory and development operations. This study presents six case histories involving MWD data. They have been selected to illustrate various applications and some special features of MWD logs. Excellent well-to-well correlations with offset wireline logs as well as reservoir fluid movements in producing fields have been observed. Troublesome wells that could not be logged with conventional wireline techniques have been successfully logged with MWD tools. MWD resistivity data have been used to infer formation pore pressures. The quantitative accuracy of MWD logs is demonstrated by comparison with wireline induction logs recorded in the same wells.
Direct Access to 4-Carboxy-1,8-naphthyridines and Related Compounds through Pfitzinger-Type Chemistry (2008)

The 4-carboxy-1,8-naphthyrid-2-yl moiety is a useful ligand component in that it promotes lower energy electronic absorption in its metal complexes and also provides a useful tether for anchoring the ligand to a semiconductor surface. The synthon [2-(pivaloylamino)pyrid-3-yl]oxoacetic acid ethyl ester can be easily obtained in two steps from 2-aminopyridine. The Pfitzinger-type condensation of this molecule with a 2-acetylazaaromatic species in ethanolic KOH, after acidification, directly provides bi- and tridentate ligands containing the 4-carboxy-1,8-naphthyrid-2-yl moiety.
Design of High Pixel Mobile Phone Camera Lens (2013)

The compact, slim and high pixel mobile phone camera is highly demanded with the development of mobile phone, especially the thinner and thinner request of people. To satisfy this need, a mobile phone lens system composed of 1 glass spherical lens and 3 plastic aspheric lenses was designed with Code V. The F-number was 2.85 and FOV was 61°, the effective focal length and back focal length are 5 and 0.468 mm, respectively. A 1/3.2 inch 8 mega-pixel CMOS made by APTINA was taken as the image sensor of the lens assembly, whose pixel size is 1.4 μm and the limiting resolution was 357 lp/mm. The design results shown that the M TF value was more than 0.2 within most fields of view at the Nyquist frequency and more than 0.5 at the 1/2 Nyquist frequency, the maximum distortion was 0.66%. It shows that the lens has good performance and meets practical requirements.
Heterotypic interaction of CRTAM with Necl2 induces cell adhesion on activated NK cells and CD8+ T cells (2005)

NK cells and CD8+ T cells exhibit cytotoxicity and cytokine production upon recognizing target cells through cell-cell interaction. We screened the molecules involved in the recognition and regulation of these cells using cDNA subtraction between naive and activated NK cells. We identified class I-restricted T cell-associated molecule (CRTAM), a two Ig domain-bearing surface receptor, as a molecule rapidly and transiently expressed on NK cells and CD8+ T cells upon activation. CRTAM is expressed as a dimer on the cell surface, and its expression is transcriptionally regulated. Using an expression-cloning system, we then further identified Nectin-like (Necl) molecule 2, a three Ig domain-containing receptor, as a ligand of CRTAM. While Necl2 mediates homotypic interaction, CRTAM interacts with Necl2 but not with CRTAM itself. The heterotypic CRTAM-Necl2 interaction has a higher affinity than the homotypic Necl2 interaction. Although there was no clear alteration in the cytotoxic function of the NK cells and CD8+ T cells against the Necl2-expressing target cells, T cells expressing CRTAM tightly bound to Necl2-expressing cells. CRTAM+ cells did not induce homotypic aggregation but they did exert strong heterotypic binding with Necl2+ cells, which was inhibited by the addition of the CRTAM-Ig fusion protein. These results suggest that the heterotypic interaction between CRTAM and Necl2 plays an important role in the adhesion, interaction or migration of NK cells and CD8+ T cells upon stimulation.
A proteolytic fragment from the central region of p53 has marked sequence-specific DNA-binding activity when generated from wild-type but not from oncogenic mutant p53 protein. (1993)

p53 is a sequence-specific DNA-binding oligomeric protein that can activate transcription from promoters bearing p53-binding sites. Whereas the activation region of p53 has been identified within the amino terminus, the location of the specific DNA-binding domain has not been reported. Thermolysin treatment of p53 protein generates a stable protease-resistant fragment that binds with marked specificity to p53 DNA-binding sites. Amino-terminal sequencing of the fragment located the thermolysin cleavage site to residue 91. Because the fragment does not contain the cdc2 phosphorylation site at Ser-315, we conclude that the the site-specific DNA-binding domain of p53 spans the central region of the protein. The vast majority of the mutations in oncogenically derived p53 proteins are located within this central portion of the molecule. Such mutant p53 proteins exhibit defective sequence-specific DNA-binding. Although thermolysin digestion of mutant p53 proteins generates proteolytic patterns that differ from wild-type protein, one mutant tested, His-273, generates a resistant fragment that migrates with a similar electrophoretic mobility to the wild-type protease-resistant fragment. Interestingly, although intact mutant His-273 protein binds to DNA at 20 degrees C, the thermolysin-resistant mutant fragment does not. In addition, the central protease-resistant, site-specific binding region of wild-type p53 does not demonstrate nonspecific DNA-binding. Thus, although sequences outside of the central region of p53 contribute to both nonspecific DNA-binding and oligomerization, they are not required for sequence-specific DNA-binding.
A LDPC and Turbo Codes Hybrid Coding Scheme Based on OFDM System (2010)

In this paper, we employ to provide a method which combines Turbo codes and Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) system by adaptive encoding. The technique of channel estimation is used. The code rate and encoding scheme are all adaptive selection in the light of different channel conditions, so that we can make good use of these two types of codes' respective advantages. This new method can guarantee the quality of service and pursuit of maximum useful bit rate. Through analysis and simulation, we show the better bit error rate (BER) performance compared to conventional method.
<i>Automated Repair Service Bureau</i>: Second-Generation Mechanized Loop Testing System-A Distributed Microprocessor Application (1982)

The Mechanized Loop Testing (MLT) system is that part of the Automated Repair Service Bureau that provides automatic acquisition and analysis of electrical test data for customer telephone loops. The MLT-2 system is a second-generation MLT that has as its basic architectural features communication, loop access, and loop test distributed as closely as possible to the point of testing. Architectural components include a wire center-based Loop Testing System (LTS) and a centrally located Data Communication Network (DCN). Each LTS contains communication, access, and test capabilities, and is logically connected by the DCN to each controlling minicomputer (up to 12). The LTS and DCN are each composed of multiple microprocessor-based circuits. The architecture of MLT-2 is presented. Particular attention is given to the subjects of partitioning both hardware and software, to the development of change-tolerant software, and to intrasystem communication capabilities powerful enough to support a large number of distributed processors. In addition, special measurement techniques employed by MLT-2 that take advantage of analog and digital large-scale integration technology are discussed. Operational scenarios are included for an appreciation of how the MLT-2 system works.
Biomarkers and Venous Thromboembolism (2009)

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) represents a significant health concern because of its high morbidity and mortality and is moreover characterized by high rates of recurrence. It would be useful to know biomarkers that enable early identification of patients at high or low risk of primary and recurrent VTE. Various established and novel biomarkers associated with VTE have been investigated with regard to their potential for predicting primary or recurrent VTE, for facilitating the diagnosis and for optimizing the clinical management of VTE. In this review, data on selected biomarkers (D-Dimer, soluble P-selectin, coagulation factor VIII, inflammatory markers and thrombin generation) having procoagulant properties or reflecting a prothrombotic state are summarized, and their role in clinical application is discussed.
Rapid world modeling: fitting range data to geometric primitives (2002)

World modeling is defined as the process of creating a numerical geometric model of a real world environment or workspace. This model is often used in robotics to plan robot motions which perform a task while avoiding obstacles. In many applications where the world model does not exist ahead of time, structured lighting, laser range finders, and even acoustical sensors have been used to create three dimensional maps of the environment. These maps consist of thousands of range points which are difficult to handle and interpret. This paper presents a least squares technique for fitting range data to planar and quadric surfaces, including cylinders and ellipsoids. Once fit to these primitive surfaces, the amount of data associated with a surface is greatly reduced up to three orders of magnitude, thus allowing for more rapid handling and analysis of world data.
Synthesis and characterization of chitosan-polyvinyl alcohol-bioactive glass hybrid membranes (2011)

The tissue engineering strategy is a new approach for the regeneration of cementum, which is essential for the regeneration of the periodontal tissue. This strategy involves the cell cultures present in this tissue, called cementoblasts, and located on an appropriate substrate for posterior implantation in the regeneration site. Prior studies from our research group have shown that the proliferation and viability of cementoblasts increase in the presence of the ionic dissolution products of bioactive glass particles. Therefore, one possible approach to obtaining adequate substrates for cementoblast cultures is the development of composite membranes containing bioactive glass. In the present study, composite films of chitosan-polyvinyl alcohol-bioactive glass containing different glass contents were developed. Glutaraldehyde was also added to allow for the formation of cross-links and changes in the degradation rate. The glass phase was introduced in the material by a sol-gel route, leading to an organic-inorganic hybrid. The films were characterized by Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with electron dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Bioactivity tests were also conducted by immersion of the films in simulated body fluid (SBF). Films containing up to 30% glass phase could be obtained. The formation of calcium phosphate was observed after the immersion of the films. A calcium phosphate layer formed more quickly on materials containing higher bioactive glass contents. In the hybrid containing 23% bioactive glass, a complete layer was formed after 24 h immersion, showing the high bioactivity of this material. However, despite the higher in vitro bioactivity, the film with 23% glass showed lower mechanical properties compared with films containing up to 17% glass.
CRC Handbook of Organic Photochemistry and Photobiology, Volumes 1 &amp; 2 (2003)

The second edition of this best-selling handbook is bigger, more comprehensive, and now completely current. In addition to thorough updates to the discussions featured in the first edition, this edition includes 66 new chapters that reflect recent developments, new applications, and emerging areas of interest. Within the handbook's 145 critically r
Area-efficient architectures for the Viterbi algorithm. I. Theory (1993)

In the state-parallel implementation of the Viterbi algorithm, one add-compare-select (ACS) unit is devoted to each state in the treillis. A systematic approach to partitioning, scheduling, and mapping N trellis states to P ACSs, where N>P, is presented here. The area saving of this architecture comes from the reduced number of ACSs and interconnection wires. The design of the ACS, path metric storage, and routing network is discussed in detail. The proposed architecture creates internal parallelism due to the ACS sharing, which can be exploited to increase the throughput rate by pipelining. Consequently, the architecture offers a favorable (smaller) area-time product, compared to the state-parallel implementation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Mitochondrial localization and structure-based phosphate activation mechanism of Glutaminase C with implications for cancer metabolism (2012)

Glutamine is an essential nutrient for cancer cell proliferation, especially in the context of citric acid cycle anaplerosis. In this manuscript we present results that collectively demonstrate that, of the three major mammalian glutaminases identified to date, the lesser studied splice variant of the gene gls, known as Glutaminase C (GAC), is important for tumor metabolism. We show that, although levels of both the kidney-type isoforms are elevated in tumor vs. normal tissues, GAC is distinctly mitochondrial. GAC is also most responsive to the activator inorganic phosphate, the content of which is supposedly higher in mitochondria subject to hypoxia. Analysis of X-ray crystal structures of GAC in different bound states suggests a mechanism that introduces the tetramerization-induced lifting of a "gating loop" as essential for the phosphate-dependent activation process. Surprisingly, phosphate binds inside the catalytic pocket rather than at the oligomerization interface. Phosphate also mediates substrate entry by competing with glutamate. A greater tendency to oligomerize differentiates GAC from its alternatively spliced isoform and the cycling of phosphate in and out of the active site distinguishes it from the liver-type isozyme, which is known to be less dependent on this ion.
Association of Insulin Indices and Glucose Tolerance Test During Pregnancy in South Indian Women. (2019)

Background: Gestational diabetes (GDM) is on the rise in Asia. High Insulin resistance (IR), low insulin sensitivity (IS) and pancreatic cell dysfunction are said to be responsible. This can be detected by estimating insulin indices along with oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Objective: The aim was to correlate the various Insulin indices and OGTT values in pregnant women. Material and Methods: This cross sectional study included 69 pregnant women between 24 to 28 weeks of gestation who underwent 3 hour 100-g OGTT along with insulin levels. They were stratified into: Normal glucose tolerance (NGT), gestational impaired glucose tolerance (GIGT) and GDM based on Carpenter and Coustan criteria. The insulin indices studied were Matsuda Index, quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI), homeostasis model assessment for IS (HOMA-1S, HOMA2-S), HOMA-1IR, HOMA2-IR for resistance & (HOMA1-B, HOMA2-B) for Insulin secretion. Results: The prevalence of GDM in this study was 13% and that of GIGT was 11%. Lower IS indices (Matsuda Index, QUICKI, HOMA1-S, HOMA2-S) and higher IR (HOMA1-IR, HOMA2-IR) were seen in the GDM & GIGT groups. Matsuda Index at the cut off value of =2.2 showed superior diagnostic ability (sensitivity 88.24%, specificity 80.77%), and had the maximum AUC (area under curve). No statistically significant differences in ß-cell secretion were noted in the three groups. Conclusions: Low IS and high IR rather than defective insulin secretion seemed to be responsible for altered OGTT in this study group. The Matsuda index for IS and HOMA1 IR for resistance seemed better than other insulin indices.
Serpins: structure and mechanism of action. (1990)

The Serpins are a major family of proteins, most of which are involved in the regulation of proteinase activity. Current data indicate that inhibitor function is dependent on formation of tight, but reversible binary complexes, with carbohydrate being unimportant for this function. The reaction takes place in a reactive site loop common to all Serpins, with the key residue for complex formation being in the P1 reactive site position. However, other contact residues are also involved as shown by the variation in specificity in a number of animal proteins with the same P1 residue. The role of other amino acid residues in Serpins which aid in conferring specificity has not yet been established. However, the availability of methods for obtaining site specific mutations should soon make it possible to determine other contact points required for Serpin function, thus allowing for the design of inhibitors which are singularly targeted with a high reaction rate towards a given proteinase.