gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Drug eluting coronary stents (2002)

Percutaneous coronary revascularisation has revolutionised the treatment of ischaemic heart disease during the past two decades. Despite technical refinements, however, long term results after using standard techniques remain limited by the phenomenon of restenosis—a process whereby elastic recoil and neointimal hyperplasia occur at the site of endothelial injury, often resulting in recurrent symptoms within six months of the procedure. Although the use of coronary stents is associated with lower rates of restenosis than balloon angioplasty alone,1 rates of up to 40% have been reported in some series, and treatment options are often unsatisfactory, with high recurrence rates after further intervention.2

Neointimal hyperplasia begins soon after coronary intervention as a result of platelet activation, inflammation, and proliferation of smooth muscle cells. Pharmacological inhibition of these processes by using drugs administered systemically has had little success in preventing restenosis. A platelet IIb/IIIa receptor antagonist, abciximab, has shown a modest benefit for patients with diabetes mellitus undergoing stent implantation,3 but trials of other drugs have often failed spectacularly despite promising preliminary work in animal models. Intravascular radiation (brachytherapy) using sources emitting γ rays or β rays is an effective way of treating established restenosis, 4 5 although its use for the prevention …
The cGAS–STING pathway drives type I IFN immunopathology in COVID-19 (2022)

COVID-19, which is caused by infection with SARS-CoV-2, is characterized by lung pathology and extrapulmonary complications<sup>1,2</sup>. Type I interferons (IFNs) have an essential role in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 (refs <sup>3-5</sup>). Although rapid induction of type I IFNs limits virus propagation, a sustained increase in the levels of type I IFNs in the late phase of the infection is associated with aberrant inflammation and poor clinical outcome<sup>5-17</sup>. Here we show that the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway, which controls immunity to cytosolic DNA, is a critical driver of aberrant type I IFN responses in COVID-19 (ref. <sup>18</sup>). Profiling COVID-19 skin manifestations, we uncover a STING-dependent type I IFN signature that is primarily mediated by macrophages adjacent to areas of endothelial cell damage. Moreover, cGAS-STING activity was detected in lung samples from patients with COVID-19 with prominent tissue destruction, and was associated with type I IFN responses. A lung-on-chip model revealed that, in addition to macrophages, infection with SARS-CoV-2 activates cGAS-STING signalling in endothelial cells through mitochondrial DNA release, which leads to cell death and type I IFN production. In mice, pharmacological inhibition of STING reduces severe lung inflammation induced by SARS-CoV-2 and improves disease outcome. Collectively, our study establishes a mechanistic basis of pathological type I IFN responses in COVID-19 and reveals a principle for the development of host-directed therapeutics.
Performance aspects of error correcting line codes (1989)

A set of error correcting line codes (ECCLs) that are derived from known linear error control codes (ECCs) are presented and their performance aspects analysed. Special consideration has been given to the line coding characteristics, in particular spectral considerations, disparity and runlength bounds since the error control characteristics are inherited directly from the ECC. Results are given for various different codes and presented in tabular form.
Sputum-Based Molecular Biomarkers for the Early Detection of Lung Cancer: Limitations and Promise (2011)

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths, with an overall survival of 15% at five years. Biomarkers that can sensitively and specifically detect lung cancer at early stage are crucial for improving this poor survival rate. Sputum has been the target for the discovery of non-invasive biomarkers for lung cancer because it contains airway epithelial cells, and molecular alterations identified in sputum are most likely to reflect tumor-associated changes or field cancerization caused by smoking in the lung. Sputum-based molecular biomarkers include morphology, allelic imbalance, promoter hypermethylation, gene mutations and, recently, differential miRNA expression. To improve the sensitivity and reproducibility of sputum-based biomarkers, we recommend standardization of processing protocols, bronchial epithelial cell enrichment, and identification of field cancerization biomarkers.
An in-vehicle approach for improving traffic safety through GIS utilization (2003)

This paper focuses on the utilization and integration of geographic information systems (GIS) oriented to tragic safety in vehicles. We have primarily analyzed the benefits of introducing GIS systems that support the driver and provide processed data to collision warning and collision avoidance systems located in vehicles. Further on, we have defined a set of information that is relevant for traffic safety and appropriate to be used within an in-vehicle GIS system. Based on these data, we propose in this paper a specific design for the GIS system. This system integrates the relevant data for traffic safety and takes into consideration the specific requirements of the vehicular domain. The integration of the GIS system within vehicles introduces a series of problems that are discussed in the paper.
Competition between splicing and polyadenylation reactions determines which adenovirus region E3 mRNAs are synthesized. (1988)

Complex transcription units encode multiple mRNAs which arise by alternative processing of a common pre-mRNA precursor. It is not known how the pre-mRNA processing pathways are determined or controlled. We are investigating this problem by using the E3 complex transcription unit of adenovirus as a model. Our approach is to construct virus mutants with lesions in E3 and then determine how the mutation affects the accumulation of E3 mRNAs in vivo. We report results which indicate that competition between splicing reactions and polyadenylation reactions occurs in vivo and that this plays an important role in alternative pre-mRNA processing.
A review of ectoparasites and their effect on cattle production (1992)

Losses in livestock production due to ectoparasite infestations exceed $2.26 billion annually. Over 50 species of ectoparasites infest cattle throughout the United States. The horn fly, Haematobia irritans (L.), is the most important and widespread of the five to six major pest species of pastured cattle in the southern region. Results from the examination of production traits from cattle under ectoparasite burdens have been variable, ranging from no effect to significant reductions in weight gains. Because of this inconsistency, specific physiological and nutritional responses in cattle infested or not infested with horn flies have been examined. Data have shown significant differences in nitrogen retention, blood cortisol concentrations, vital signs, water consumption, and urine production. Implications are that total energy balance is altered when an animal is exposed to ectoparasite infestations, thereby resulting in decreased productivity.
Large Scale 3D Environmental Modelling for Stereoscopic Walk-Through Visualisation (2007)

The availability of high resolution and long range laser range finder with colour image registration facilities opens up the possibility of large scale, accurate and dense 3D environment modelling. This paper addresses the problem of integration and analysis of multiple scans collected over extended regions for stereoscopic walk-through visualisation. Video clip examples will be shown at the time of paper presentation.
Learning a visuomotor controller for real world robotic grasping using simulated depth images (2017)

We want to build robots that are useful in unstructured real world applications, such as doing work in the household. Grasping in particular is an important skill in this domain, yet it remains a challenge. One of the key hurdles is handling unexpected changes or motion in the objects being grasped and kinematic noise or other errors in the robot. This paper proposes an approach to learning a closed-loop controller for robotic grasping that dynamically guides the gripper to the object. We use a wrist-mounted sensor to acquire depth images in front of the gripper and train a convolutional neural network to learn a distance function to true grasps for grasp configurations over an image. The training sensor data is generated in simulation, a major advantage over previous work that uses real robot experience, which is costly to obtain. Despite being trained in simulation, our approach works well on real noisy sensor images. We compare our controller in simulated and real robot experiments to a strong baseline for grasp pose detection, and find that our approach significantly outperforms the baseline in the presence of kinematic noise, perceptual errors and disturbances of the object during grasping.
Eukaryotic NAD+ Synthetase Qns1 Contains an Essential, Obligate Intramolecular Thiol Glutamine Amidotransferase Domain Related to Nitrilase (2003)

NAD+ is an essential co-enzyme for redox reactions and is consumed in lysine deacetylation and poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation. NAD+ synthetase catalyzes the final step in NAD+ synthesis in the well characterized de novo, salvage, and import pathways. It has been long known that eukaryotic NAD+ synthetases use glutamine to amidate nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide while many purified prokaryotic NAD+ synthetases are ammonia-dependent. Earlier, we discovered that glutamine-dependent NAD+ synthetases contain N-terminal domains that are members of the nitrilase superfamily and hypothesized that these domains function as glutamine amidotransferases for the associated synthetases. Here we show yeast glutamine-dependent NAD+ synthetase Qns1 requires both the nitrilase-related active-site residues and the NAD+ synthetase active-site residues for function in vivo. Despite failure to complement the lethal phenotype of qns1 disruption, the former mutants retain ammonia-dependent NAD+ synthetase activity in vitro, whereas the latter mutants retain basal glutaminase activity. Moreover, the two classes of mutants fail to trans-complement despite forming a stable heteromultimer in vivo. These data indicate that the nitrilase-related domain in Qns1 is the fourth independently evolved glutamine amidotransferase domain to have been identified in nature and that glutamine-dependence is an obligate phenomenon involving intramolecular transfer of ammonia over a predicted distance of 46 A from one active site to another within Qns1 monomers.
Human CD34(+) cells express CXCR4 and its ligand stromal cell-derived factor-1. Implications for infection by T-cell tropic human immunodeficiency virus. (1999)

Human CD34(+) hematopoietic progenitor cells obtained from bone marrow (BM), umbilical cord blood (UCB), and mobilized peripheral blood (MPB) were purified and investigated for the expression of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 and its ligand, stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1). CXCR4 was found present on the cell surface of all CD34(+) cells, although it was expressed at lower density on MPB with respect to BM CD34(+) cells. Freshly isolated and in vitro-cultured CD34(+) cells also coexpressed SDF-1 mRNA, as determined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Of interest, CD34(+)/CD38(+) committed progenitor cells, unlike primitive CD34(+)/CD38(-) cells, expressed SDF-1 mRNA. Supernatants from in vitro-cultured CD34(+) cells contained substantial (3 to 8 ng/mL) amounts of SDF-1 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and induced migration of CD34(+) cells. Because CD34(+) cells express low levels of CD4, the primary receptor of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and CXCR4 is a coreceptor for T-cell tropic (X4) HIV strains, we investigated the susceptibility of CD34(+) cells to infection by this subset of viruses. Lack of productive infection was almost invariably observed as determined by a conventional RT activity in culture supernatants and by real-time PCR for HIV DNA in CD34(+) cells exposed to both laboratory adapted (LAI) and primary (BON) X4 T-cell tropic HIV-1 strain. Soluble gp120 Env (sgp120) from X4 HIV-1 efficiently blocked binding of the anti-CD4 Leu3a monoclonal antibody (MoAb) to either human CD4(+) T cells or CD34(+) cells. In contrast, sgp120 interfered with an anti-CXCR4 MoAb binding to human T lymphocytes, but not to CD34(+) cells. However, CXCR4 on CD34(+) cells was downregulated by SDF-1. These results suggest that CXCR4 and its ligand SDF-1 expressed in CD34(+) progenitors may play an important role in regulating the local and systemic trafficking of these cells. Moreover, these findings suggest multiple and potentially synergistic mechanisms at the basis of the resistance of CD34(+) cells to X4 HIV infection, including their ability to produce SDF-1, and the lack of CXCR4 internalization following gp120 binding to CD4.
[Thickness of the media of pulmonary trunk in children with mountain sickness]. (1992)

Thickness of the media of pulmonary trunks from 58 children with mountain sickness were measured with micrometer. The results showed that the thickness of the media were increased coincidently with the increase of age, and PT/AT ratio. The pattern of the elastic laminae was in accordance with that of the aorta in the same group. The authors consider that these changes in mountain sickness are due to pulmonary hypertension development.
JORGE ORNELAS TABARES, DE LA FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA, PREMIO NACIONAL DE METALURGIA (2005)

JORGE ORNELAS TABARES, PROFESOR DE LA FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA, OBTUVO EL PREMIO NACIONAL DE METALURGIA POR SU BRILLANTE TRAYECTORIA Y GRANDES APORTACIONES A LA INDUSTRIA MINERA NACIONAL. LA ENTREGA SE REALIZO DURANTE LA 26 CONVENCION INTERNACIONAL DE MINERIA QUE ORGANIZO LA ASOCIACION DE INGENIEROS DE MINAS, METALURGISTAS Y GEOLOGOS DE MEXICO, AC, EN BOCA DEL RIO, VERACRUZ. JORGE ORNELAS ESTUDIO, DE 1967 A 1971, LA CARRERA DE INGENIERO QUIMICO METALURGISTA EN LA FACULTAD DE QUIMICA DE LA UNAM Y REALIZO ESTUDIOS DE POSGRADO EN LA TECHNISCHE UNIVERSIT„T CLAUSTHAL EN LA REPUBLICA FEDERAL ALEMANA, DONDE EN 1980 OBTUVO EL TITULO DE INGENIEUR IN METALLHTTENWESEN. EN 1991 SE HIZO MERECEDOR DEL PRIMER PREMIO EN EL CERTAMEN NACIONAL DE CIENCIA Y TECNOLOGIA EMILIO ROSENBLUETH, POR SU INNOVACION TECNOLOGICA. PRESENTO UN EQUIPO PARA CONCENTRAR MINERALES O MATERIALES RESIDUALES POR FLOTACION EN COLUMNA. ADEMAS DE SUS CLASES EN LA FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA, HA IMPARTIDO CURSOS EN LA FACULTAD DE QUIMICA DE LA UNAM, EN EL INSTITUTO POLITECNICO NACIONAL Y EN LAS UNIVERSIDADES DE SONORA, COLIMA Y ZACATECAS. ES MIEMBRO FUNDADOR DE LA SOCIEDAD MEXICANA DE CRISTALOGRAFIA, PRESIDENTE DE LA SOCIEDAD MEXICANA DE MINERALOGIA (1997 A 2000); DESDE 1977 ES MIEMBRO TITULAR DE LA SOCIEDAD ALEMANA DE METALURGISTAS Y MINEROS Y DESDE 2004 DE THE CANADIAN INSTITUTE OF MINING, METTALLURGY AND PETROLEUM. EN ENTREVISTA, EL DISTINGUIDO ACADEMICO HABLA SOBRE LA IMPORTANCIA DE LA METALURGIA PARA EL PAIS, DE LA NECESIDAD DEL FOMENTO A LA INVESTIGACION EN ESTA AREA Y DE LA FORMACION DE RECURSOS HUMANOS. CABE RESALTAR QUE EL PREMIADO HA SIDO RESPONSABLE DE 13 ASESORIAS TECNICAS A LA INDUSTRIA, DESTACANDO EL ESTUDIO PARA LA RECUPERACION DE PLATA Y ORO A PARTIR DE COLAS DE FLOTACION PARA SERVICIOS INDUSTRIALES PENOLES. TAMBIEN FUE RESPONSABLE DEL PROYECTO CINETICA DE LIXIVIACION-CEMENTACION SIMULTANEA DE ORO CON CIANURO Y GRANALLA DE ZINC EN REACTOR OSCILATORIO A PARTIR DE ORO ELECTROLITICO Y DE UN MINERAL AURIFERO NO REFRACTARIO, APOYADO POR EL CONSEJO NACIONAL DE CIENCIA Y TECNOLOGIA.
An inhibitor of collagen-stimulated platelet activation from the salivary glands of the Haementeria officinalis leech. I. Identification, isolation, and characterization. (1992)

A protein that blocks collagen-stimulated platelet aggregation has been identified and isolated from the soluble fraction of salivary glands from Haementeria officinalis leeches. We have named this protein leech antiplatelet protein (LAPP). LAPP was isolated from soluble crude salivary gland extract by heparin-agarose, size exclusion, and C18 reverse phase high-performance chromatography. Its molecular weight is approximately 16,000 on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under both reduced and nonreduced conditions. The sequences of peptides generated by V8 digestion of LAPP as well as its amino acid composition suggested no homology to other known proteins. The IC50 for LAPP to inhibit platelet aggregation was approximately 60 nM. This inhibitory activity is specific for collagen-induced aggregation. Platelet aggregation in response to ADP, arachidonic acid, U46619, thrombin, and ionophore A23187 was not inhibited by LAPP at a concentration that blocked platelet aggregation to collagen by 100%. In contrast, crude salivary gland-soluble extract contained activity(ies) which inhibited aggregation to all these agonists except thrombin at 1 unit/ml and 2 microM A23187. Thus, the H. officinalis leech has evolved multiple mechanisms to prevent hemostasis, including an inhibitor of collagen-stimulated platelet aggregation. The identification and isolation of LAPP demonstrates the existence of a new type of platelet inhibitor that should be useful to better understand the mechanism of collagen stimulation of platelets.
Maximum-likelihood synchronization, equalization, and sequence estimation for unknown time-varying frequency-selective Rician channels (1998)

This paper develops a receiver structure to perform jointly maximum-likelihood (ML) synchronization, equalization, and detection of a linearly modulated signal transmitted over a time-varying frequency-selective Rician-faded channel, corrupted by additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN). The receiver is particularly suited to a fast-fading channel, where other receivers that rely on estimating the channel cannot track it quickly enough. The signal mean and autocovariance are needed, and a scheme is proposed for estimating these quantities adaptively. The receiver processes the specular and diffuse components (corresponding to the signal mean and autocovariance) separately. Processing the known specular component is the classical detection problem. The unknown diffuse component is processed by predictors. We show that the predictors can achieve synchronization in a novel manner, if synchronization is required. A union bound on the receiver's bit-error rate (BER) is derived, and it tightly bounds simulated BERs in fast-fading at high signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs).
A 1.1e- temporal noise 1/3.2-inch 8Mpixel CMOS image sensor using pseudo-multiple sampling (2010)

A pseudo-multiple sampling technique for a low-noise CIS is implemented using a conventional column-parallel single-slope ADC structure with no additional circuitry. It is applied to a 1/3.2-inch 8Mpixel CIS. Measurement results show the technique effectively reduces dark temporal noise from 1.6e- to 1.2e- in 10 b ADC mode, and from 1.8e- to 1.1e- in 12b ADC mode.
Orbitrap Mass Analyzer – Overview and Applications in Proteomics (2006)

The orbitrap mass analyzer is proving itself as a useful addition to a proteomics tool box. The key attributes of this analyzer are accurate mass and high resolution similar to those achievable with FT ICR instrumentation. The basic principles underlying these capabilities, and how they translate into benefits in real-life proteomics experiments are discussed. The focus is on reviewing examples of protein identification with bottom-up and top-down approaches, and detection of post-translational modifications.
Preclinical Evaluation of a Potent Novel DNA-Dependent Protein Kinase Inhibitor NU7441 (2006)

DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) are the most cytotoxic lesions induced by ionizing radiation and topoisomerase II poisons, such as etoposide and doxorubicin. A major pathway for the repair of DSB is nonhomologous end joining, which requires DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) activity. We investigated the therapeutic use of a potent, specific DNA-PK inhibitor (NU7441) in models of human cancer. We measured chemosensitization by NU7441 of topoisomerase II poisons and radiosensitization in cells deficient and proficient in DNA-PK(CS) (V3 and V3-YAC) and p53 wild type (LoVo) and p53 mutant (SW620) human colon cancer cell lines by clonogenic survival assay. Effects of NU7441 on DSB repair and cell cycle arrest were measured by gammaH2AX foci and flow cytometry. Tissue distribution of NU7441 and potentiation of etoposide activity were determined in mice bearing SW620 tumors. NU7441 increased the cytotoxicity of ionizing radiation and etoposide in SW620, LoVo, and V3-YAC cells but not in V3 cells, confirming that potentiation was due to DNA-PK inhibition. NU7441 substantially retarded the repair of ionizing radiation-induced and etoposide-induced DSB. NU7441 appreciably increased G(2)-M accumulation induced by ionizing radiation, etoposide, and doxorubicin in both SW620 and LoVo cells. In mice bearing SW620 xenografts, NU7441 concentrations in the tumor necessary for chemopotentiation in vitro were maintained for at least 4 hours at nontoxic doses. NU7441 increased etoposide-induced tumor growth delay 2-fold without exacerbating etoposide toxicity to unacceptable levels. In conclusion, NU7441 shows sufficient proof of principle through in vitro and in vivo chemosensitization and radiosensitization to justify further development of DNA-PK inhibitors for clinical use.
Chiroptical sensing of citronellal: systematic development of a stereodynamic probe using the concept of isostericity (2012)

A rationally designed stereodynamic ICD probe carrying two terminal amino functions for chemo- and enantioselective sensing of citronellal is introduced. The sensor shows strong Cotton effects upon diimine formation which can be used for accurate ee determination.