gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tempeh: A Mold-Modified Indigenous Fermented Food Made from Soybeans and/or Cereal Grains (1993)

A variety of indigenous fermented foods exist today; however, tempeh has been one of the most widely accepted and researched mold-modified fermented products. Tempeh is a traditional fermented food made from soaked and cooked soybeans inoculated with a mold, usually of the genus Rhizopus. After fermentation has occurred, the soybeans are bound together into a compact cake by dense cottony mycelium. An important function of the mold in the fermentation process is the synthesis of enzymes, which hydrolyze soybean constituents and contribute to the development of a desirable texture, flavor, and aroma of the product. Enzymatic hydrolysis also may decrease or eliminate antinutritional constituents; consequently, the nutritional quality of the fermented product may be improved. Current technology and new scientific advancements have enabled researchers to examine specific strains of Rhizopus and new substrates such as cereal grains. Because Kansas produces numerous cereal grains, production of a fermented tempeh-like product using wheat, sorghum (milo), oats, rye, barley, corn, and triticale is a definite possibility for generating a Kansas Value-Added Product. In this study, several different tempeh-like products were produced using various cereal grains inoculated with Rhizopus oligosporus NRRL 2549 or R. oligosporus NRRL 2710. Grains used included hard red winter wheat, triticale, yellow sorghum (milo), and red sorghum (milo). The grain source as well as the strain of R. oligosporus used influenced the product's appearance, flavor, and patty integrity. Results showed that R. oligosporus NRRL 2549 produced more mycelium at a more rapid rate than did the R. oligosporus NRRL 2710 strain. The combination of red sorghum and R. oligosporus NRRL 2549 yielded a product with good patty texture, aroma, and appearance. Furthermore, the red sorghum fermented product was well suited for slicing. On the other hand, yellow sorghum inoculated with either R. oligosporus NRRL 2549 or R. oligosporus NRRL 2710 failed to produce an organoleptically suitable product. Triticale also was found to be an unacceptable substrate for the production of a tempeh-like product. Although the fermented wheat product had a desirable aroma and flavor, it lacked patty integrity and crumbled when sliced. Further research is needed to evaluate the economic significance and industrial applications of these tempeh-like products.
Conformal Printing of Electrically Small Antennas on Three‐Dimensional Surfaces (2011)

Conformal printing of electrically small antennas onto the convex and concave surfaces of hemispherical glass substrates is demonstrated. Their bandwidth approaches the fundamental limit for their size, offering nearly an order of magnitude improvement over rudimentary monopole designs. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Generic thermal analysis for phone and tablet systems (2012)

Thermal management of handheld systems such as smart phones and tablet systems is becoming increasingly challenging due to increasing power dissipation. These mobile systems pose a significant challenge for implementation of traditional cooling schemes such as heat sinks and fans due to form factor limitations. Instead, new advanced cooling schemes have been developed. This article presents thermal model development from an analysis of today's smart phone thermal management schemes and application of these techniques to a tablet system. Application processor temperature rise and tablet skin temperature are reported for thermal enhancement simulations using this tablet system. Some guiding principles are provided for efficient thermal design of handheld systems.
Top-emitting organic light-emitting devices using surface-modified Ag anode (2003)

A high-reflectivity bottom anode is essential for high-performance top-emitting organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs). Ag has the highest reflectivity for visible light among all metals, yet its electronic properties are not ideal for anodes of OLEDs. In this letter, we report that by inducing a thin silver oxide at the surface of Ag, hole injection from Ag anodes into OLEDs is largely enhanced yet with rather high reflectivity retained. Top-emitting devices using such surface-modified Ag anode show device characteristics competitive with those of a bottom-emitting device using the indium tin oxide anode.
Enhancement of antinociception by coadministration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors (2006)

Combination therapies have long been used to treat inflammation while reducing side effects. The present study was designed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of combination treatment with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and previously undescribed soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors (sEHIs) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged mice. NSAIDs inhibit cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes and thereby decrease production of metabolites that lead to pain and inflammation. The sEHIs, such as 12-(3-adamantan-1-yl-ureido)-dodecanoic acid butyl ester (AUDA-BE), stabilize anti-inflammatory epoxy-eicosatrienoic acids, which indirectly reduce the expression of COX-2 protein. Here we demonstrate that the combination therapy of NSAIDs and sEHIs produces significantly beneficial effects that are additive for alleviating pain and enhanced effects in reducing COX-2 protein expression and shifting oxylipin metabolomic profiles. When administered alone, AUDA-BE decreased protein expression of COX-2 to 73 +/- 6% of control mice treated with LPS only without altering COX-1 expression and decreased PGE(2) levels to 52 +/- 8% compared with LPS-treated mice not receiving any therapeutic intervention. When AUDA-BE was used in combination with low doses of indomethacin, celecoxib, or rofecoxib, PGE(2) concentrations dropped to 51 +/- 7, 84 +/- 9, and 91 +/- 8%, respectively, versus LPS control, without disrupting prostacyclin and thromboxane levels. These data suggest that these drug combinations (NSAIDs and sEHIs) produce a valuable beneficial analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect while prospectively decreasing side effects such as cardiovascular toxicity.
Efficient spatiotemporal segmentation and video object generation for highway surveillance video (2003)

The new MPEG-4 video coding standard enables content-based functionality by introducing the video object. It is based on segmentation and tracking of moving objects. A new procedure is described for spatiotemporal segmentation and video object generation of highway surveillance video. First, the representation model is proposed to describe the relationship between the background and the moving objects. Based on this model, we analyze the spatiotemporal information of some successive frames statistically to recover the background image. Then, the moving objects are detected and the video object planes are extracted by the difference between the video sequence and the recovered background image. Finally, the spatiotemporal regional similarity operator is used for object tracking. Based on the correspondence relationship between the video object planes, the video objects are generated successfully. At the same time, highway monitoring is implemented. The experimental results on an actual highway surveillance video show that our method is quite practical and efficient.
Randomized Space-Time Coding for Distributed Cooperative Communication (2006)

In this paper, we study the problem of designing distributed space-time codes for cooperative communication. We introduce randomized strategies that decentralize the transmission of a space time code from a set of distributed relays and analyze their performance. In our methods, as in other cooperative transmission strategies, the relay signals are encoded so as to provide diversity and coding gains. However, our methods enable the relays to act independently and to achieve such gains in a decentralized fashion. The simple idea we propose is to let each node transmit a random linear combination of the codewords that would be transmitted by all the antennas in a centralized space time coding scheme. Different decentralized strategies correspond to different choices for the statistics of the random coefficients. We provide sufficient conditions on the distributions of the random coefficients and on the number of nodes that guarantee to achieve the maximum diversity gain. We show that the proposed scheme achieves full diversity (N) if N < L, where N is the number of transmitters and L is the number of antennas in the underlying space-time code. The diversity order L is achieved for N > L.
Reaction of some molybdenum and tungsten halides with .beta.-diketones (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReaction of some molybdenum and tungsten halides with .beta.-diketonesGerald DoyleCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1971, 10, 10, 2348–2350Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50104a059https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50104a059research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views176Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Augmented reality based preoperative planning for robot assisted tele-neurosurgery (2005)

Robot assisted telesurgery allow the surgeon to deliver the neurosurgical expertise to remote sites by remotely controlling medical robot to do minimally invasive surgery. An augmented reality based preoperative planning method is proposed to improve the safety of tele-neurosurgery. The position of four marks, which are attached on the head of patient and are used for surgeon to do preliminary preoperative planning with the support of sophisticated navigation software, is obtained by stereovision. Besides of the establishment of bilateral audio, video and data communications, the virtual simulation environment is calibrated and overlapped with the real live images. Using the augmented reality, the surgeon at remote site can conduct virtual surgery to find and verify the most appropriate and safest planning and then deliver his planning to surgery site. This method has been successfully applied in clinical cases of tele-neurosurgery.
DNA oligomers and duplexes containing a covalently attached derivative of tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(II): synthesis and characterization by thermodynamic and optical spectroscopic measurements (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDNA oligomers and duplexes containing a covalently attached derivative of tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(II): synthesis and characterization by thermodynamic and optical spectroscopic measurementsJoshua Telser, Kenneth A. Cruickshank, Kirk S. Schanze, and Thomas L. NetzelCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 18, 7221–7226Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00200a049https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00200a049research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views949Altmetric-Citations53LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Disruption of regulatory gene GAL80 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: effects on carbon-controlled regulation of the galactose/melibiose pathway genes. (1984)

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the transcriptional expression of the galactose-melibiose catabolic pathway genes is under the control of at least three regulatory genes, GAL4, GAL80, and GAL3. We have isolated the GAL80 gene and have studied the effect of a null mutation on the carbon-controlled regulation of the MEL1 and GAL cluster genes. The null mutation was achieved in vivo by replacing the chromosomal wild-type GAL80 allele with an in vitro-created GAL80 deletion-disruption mutation. Enzyme activities and RNA levels for the GAL cluster and MEL1 genes were constitutively expressed in the null mutant strain grown on glycerol-lactate and were higher than in the isogenic wild-type yeast strain when compared after growth on galactose. Carbon catabolite repression of the GAL cluster and MEL1 genes, which occurs at the level of transcription, is retained in the null mutant. Deletion of the GAL80 gene in a gal4 cell does not restore GAL cluster and MEL1 gene expression. The data demonstrate that (i) the GAL80 protein is a purely negative regulator, (ii) the GAL80 protein does not mediate carbon catabolite repression, and (iii) the GAL4 protein is not simply an antagonizer of GAL80-mediated repression.
The evolution of DNA vaccines. (2000)

Vaccination has eradicated smallpox and greatly decreased mortality and morbidity associated with a variety of viral and bacterial infectious diseases. However, conventional methodologies have failed to provide vaccines against many widespread deadly human diseases, among them HIV, malaria and cancer. Recombinant DNA vaccines have shown great promise in animal models in inducing protective immunity. In this review we will discuss their potential safe use in humans following recent advances in their use in animals, including non-human primates.
Separation of Amphipathic Proteins Based on Adsorption to Hexadecane:Water Interfaces (1986)

A method is proposed for the relatively simple and rapid separation of amphipathic biopolymers, based on adsorption onto and desorption from the surface of hexadecane droplets. Adsorption to the hexadecane:water interface was carried out by mixing hexadecane with aqueous protein solutions at room temperature. Desorption was performed by consecutive solidification and melting of the liquid hydrocarbon (m.p. 18 degrees C), resulting in coalescence of the droplets and reappearance of the desorbed moiety in the bulk aqueous phase. Of interest was the observation that lysozyme remains enzymatically active following this procedure.
Combining MFCC and Pitch to Enhance the Performance of the Gender Recognition (2006)

This paper describes a novel approach which combines the acoustic analysis using MFCC and the speaker's mean pitch to improve the performance of the gender recognition. In acoustic analysis, two sets of Gaussian mixture model (GMM), male and female, are trained from the speech, and the most likely sequence of models with corresponding likelihood scores are produced. In pitch estimation approach, a threshold is specified to differentiate the two sets. The information provided by the acoustic analysis using MFCC and pitch estimation are combined by using a linear normalization fusion method. The system was tested on the SRMC databases giving at most 3.3% recognition error rate
PCNA-dependent regulation of p21 ubiquitylation and degradation via the CRL4<sup>Cdt2</sup> ubiquitin ligase complex (2008)

The DNA polymerase delta processivity factor Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) promotes the DNA damage-induced degradation of the replication initiation factor Cdt1 via the CRL4(Cdt2) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. Here we demonstrate that PCNA promotes the ubiquitylation and degradation of the CDK inhibitor p21 in cells irradiated with low dose of ultraviolet (UV) by a similar mechanism. Human cells that are depleted of Cul4, DDB1 (damage-specific DNA-binding protein-1), or the DCAF Cdt2, are deficient in the UV-induced ubiquitylation and degradation of p21. Depletion of mammalian cells of PCNA by siRNA, or mutations in p21 that abrogate PCNA binding, prevent UV-induced p21 ubiquitylation and degradation, indicating that physical binding with PCNA is necessary for the efficient ubiquitylation of p21 via the CRL4(Cdt2) ubiquitin ligase. Cdt2 functions as the substrate recruiting factor for p21 to the rest of the CRL4 ubiquitin ligase complex. The CRL4(Cdt2) E3 ubiquitin ligase ubiquitylates p21 both in vivo and in vitro, and its activity is dependent on the interaction of p21 with PCNA. Finally, we show that the CRL4(Cdt2) and the SCF(Skp2) ubiquitin ligases are redundant with each other in promoting the degradation of p21 during an unperturbed S phase of the cell cycle.
Regulation of the Pancreatic Islet-Specific Gene <i>BETA2</i> ( <i>neuroD</i> ) by Neurogenin 3 (2000)

The BETA2 (neuroD) gene is expressed in endocrine cells during pancreas development and is essential for proper islet morphogenesis. The objective of this study is to identify potential upstream regulators of the BETA2 gene during pancreas development. We demonstrated that the expression of neurogenin 3 (ngn3), an islet- and neuron-specific basic-helix-loop-helix transcription factor, partially overlaps that of BETA2 during early mouse development. More importantly, overexpression of ngn3 can induce the ectopic expression of BETA2 in Xenopus embryos and stimulate the endogenous RNA of BETA2 in endocrine cell lines. Furthermore, overexpression of ngn3 could cause a dose-dependent activation on the 1.0-kb BETA2 promoter in islet-derived cell lines. Deletion and mutation analyses revealed that two proximal E box sequences, E1 and E3, could bind to ngn3-E47 heterodimer and mediate ngn3 activation. Based on these results, we hypothesize that ngn3 is involved in activating the expression of BETA2 at an early stage of islet cell differentiation through the E boxes in the BETA2 promoter.
Drought and Oxidative Load in the Leaves of C3 Plants: a Predominant Role for Photorespiration? (2002)

Although active oxygen species are produced at high rates in both the chloroplasts and peroxisomes of the leaves of C3 plants, most attention has focused on the potentially damaging consequences of enhanced chloroplastic production in stress conditions such as drought. This article attempts to provide quantitative estimates of the relative contributions of the chloroplast electron transport chain and the glycolate oxidase reaction to the oxidative load placed on the photosynthetic leaf cell. Rates of photorespiratory H2O2 production were obtained from photosynthetic and photorespiratory flux rates, derived from steady-state leaf gas exchange measurements at varying irradiance and ambient CO2. Assuming a 10% allocation of photosynthetic electron flow to the Mehler reaction, photorespiratory H2O2 production would account for about 70% of total H2O2 formed at all irradiances measured. When chloroplastic CO2 concentration rates are decreased, photorespiration becomes even more predominant in H2O2 generation. At the increased flux through photorespiration observed at lower ambient CO2, the Mehler reaction would have to account for more than 35% of the total photosynthetic electron flow in order to match the rate of peroxisomal H2O2 production. The potential signalling role of H2O2 produced in the peroxisomes is emphasized, and it is demonstrated that photorespiratory H2O2 can perturb the redox states of leaf antioxidant pools. We discuss the interactions between oxidants, antioxidants and redox changes leading to modified gene expression, particularly in relation to drought, and call attention to the potential significance of photorespiratory H2O2 in signalling and acclimation.
Crystal Structure of β1,3-Glucuronyltransferase I in Complex with Active Donor Substrate UDP-GlcUA (2002)

Beta1,3-glucuronyltransferase (GlcAT-I) is an essential enzyme involved in heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate biosynthesis. GlcAT-I is an inverting glycosyltransferase that catalyzes the transfer of glucuronic acid (GlcUA) to the common growing linker region Galbeta1-3Galbeta1-4Xyl that is attached to a serine side chain of a core protein. Previously the structure of GlcAT-I has been solved in the presence of the donor product UDP and an acceptor analog Galbeta1-3Galbeta1-4Xyl (Pedersen, L. C., Tsuchida, K., Kitagawa, H., Sugahara, K., Darden, T. A. & Negishi, M. (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275, 34580-34585). Here we report the x-ray crystal structure of GlcAT-I in complex with the complete donor UDP-GlcUA, thereby providing structures of an inverting glycosyltransferase in which both the complete donor and acceptor substrates are present in the active site. This structure supports the in-line displacement reaction mechanism previously proposed. It also provides information on the essential amino acid residues that determine donor substrate specificity.
Optimized halo structure for 80 nm physical gate CMOS technology with indium and antimony highly angled ion implantation (2003)

Application of heavy ions of antimony and indium to the halo structure of 80 nm physical gate CMOS is optimized theoretically and experimentally. For pMOSFETs, highly angled antimony ion implantation is found to be effective in controlling the short channel effect (SCE) with high drive current and low junction leakage current. In contrast, for nMOSFETs, the highly angled indium halo is not necessarily effective in controlling SCE.