gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Regulation of the Chemokine Receptor CXCR4 by Hypoxia (2003)

Cell adaptation to hypoxia (Hyp) requires activation of transcriptional programs that coordinate expression of genes involved in oxygen delivery (via angiogenesis) and metabolic adaptation (via glycolysis). Here, we describe that oxygen availability is a determinant parameter in the setting of chemotactic responsiveness to stromal-derived factor 1 (CXCL12). Low oxygen concentration induces high expression of the CXCL12 receptor, CXC receptor 4 (CXCR4), in different cell types (monocytes, monocyte-derived macrophages, tumor-associated macrophages, endothelial cells, and cancer cells), which is paralleled by increased chemotactic responsiveness to its specific ligand. CXCR4 induction by Hyp is dependent on both activation of the Hyp-inducible factor 1 alpha and transcript stabilization. In a relay multistep navigation process, the Hyp-Hyp-inducible factor 1 alpha-CXCR4 pathway may regulate trafficking in and out of hypoxic tissue microenvironments.
Blockade of HLA Antibody-Triggered Classical Complement Activation in Sera From Subjects Dosed With the Anti-C1s Monoclonal Antibody TNT009—Results from a Randomized First-in-Human Phase 1 Trial (2017)

Treatment with TNT009 was safe and potently inhibited CP activity. Future studies in patients are required to assess the potential of TNT009 for preventing or treating antibody-mediated rejection.
Image enhancement using pattern-selective color image fusion (2003)

This paper introduces a method for extending the effective dynamic range and depth of focus of a sensor through pattern-selective color image fusion. Pattern-selective fusion methods provide a mechanism for combining multiple monochromatic source images through identifying salient features in the source images at multiple scales and orientations, and combining those features into a single fused image result. In this paper the pattern-selective fusion method is generalized into a framework that is equally applicable to monochrome, color and multi-spectral imagery. This proposed fusion framework is then used to combine a set of color source images, taken from a sensor with varying aperture and focus settings, into a single fused image result that has improved dynamic range and depth-of-field over any of the other frames in the input sequence. Experimental results show the performance of the dynamic range and depth-of-field extension on imagery taken from consumer-grade video camera equipment.
A microfluidic array with cellular valving for single cell co-culture (2010)

We present a highly parallel microfluidic approach for contacting single cell pairs. The approach combines a differential fluidic resistance trapping method with a novel cellular valving principle for homotypic and heterotypic single cell co-culturing. Differential fluidic resistance was used for sequential single cell arraying, with the adhesion and flattening of viable cells within the microstructured environment acting to produce valves in the open state. Reversal of the flow was used for the sequential single cell arraying of the second cell type. Plasma stencilling, along the linear path of least resistance, was required to confine the cells within the trap regions. Prime flow conditions with minimal shear stress were identified for highly efficient cell arraying (∼99%) and long term cell culture. Larger trap dimensions enabled the highest levels of cell pairing (∼70%). The single cell co-cultures were in close proximity for the formation of connexon structures and the study of contact modes of communication. The research further highlights the possibility of using the natural behaviour of cells as the working principle behind responsive microfluidic elements.
Genus-Specific Protein Binding to the Large Clusters of DNA Repeats (Short Regularly Spaced Repeats) Present in <i>Sulfolobus</i> Genomes (2003)

Short regularly spaced repeats (SRSRs) occur in multiple large clusters in archaeal chromosomes and as smaller clusters in some archaeal conjugative plasmids and bacterial chromosomes. The sequence, size, and spacing of the repeats are generally constant within a cluster but vary between clusters. For the crenarchaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus P2, the repeats in the genome fall mainly into two closely related sequence families that are arranged in seven clusters containing a total of 441 repeats which constitute ca. 1% of the genome. The Sulfolobus conjugative plasmid pNOB8 contains a small cluster of six repeats that are identical in sequence to one of the repeat variants in the S. solfataricus chromosome. Repeats from the pNOB8 cluster were amplified and tested for protein binding with cell extracts from S. solfataricus. A 17.5-kDa SRSR-binding protein was purified from the cell extracts and sequenced. The protein is N terminally modified and corresponds to SSO454, an open reading frame of previously unassigned function. It binds specifically to DNA fragments carrying double and single repeat sequences, binding on one side of the repeat structure, and producing an opening of the opposite side of the DNA structure. It also recognizes both main families of repeat sequences in S. solfataricus. The recombinant protein, expressed in Escherichia coli, showed the same binding properties to the SRSR repeat as the native one. The SSO454 protein exhibits a tripartite internal repeat structure which yields a good sequence match with a helix-turn-helix DNA-binding motif. Although this putative motif is shared by other archaeal proteins, orthologs of SSO454 were only detected in species within the Sulfolobus genus and in the closely related Acidianus genus. We infer that the genus-specific protein induces an opening of the structure at the center of each DNA repeat and thereby produces a binding site for another protein, possibly a more conserved one, in a process that may be essential for higher-order stucturing of the SRSR clusters.
<i>Seppuku</i> and Autoimmunity (1992)

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Development of a next-generation e-beam lithography system (1998)

One of the keys for ULSI lithography at a feature size ranging from 180 nm to 150 nm is a stable supply of ultra high precision reticle masks. To meet this demand, we have developed a new electron beam lithography system for reticle masks which offers an exposure accuracy of 20 to 30 nm. The system features a variable shaped beam, 50 kV accelerating voltage, a step-and-repeat stage, nd incorporates new technologies. These include a high resolution-high current density electron optical system, a per-shot focus and shot time correction unit, a high precision beam measurement system utilizing the fitting function method, a single-stage 20 bit electrostatic beam deflection unit and beam-shot smoothing technology. The system achieves a minimum line width of 100 nm or less, a pattern size uniformity of 16 nm (3 sigma) within a field, a field stitching accuracy of plus or minus 19 nm or smaller, and a pattern placement accuracy of plus or minus 29 nm or smaller, resulting in an exposure speed of 3 to 5 times faster than the existing model.
Initial treatment patterns and outcome of contemporary prostate cancer patients with bone metastases at initial presentation (2007)

Patients with M+ prostate cancer have a protracted natural history and a median survival that exceeds 5 years. Hormonal therapy is the mainstay for such patients. Comorbid illness, young age at diagnosis, and cancer grade appear to negatively affect the disease-specific survival.
High Performance LiCoO[sub 2] Cathode Materials at 60°C for Lithium Secondary Batteries Prepared by the Facile Nanoscale Dry-Coating Method (2010)

A mass scalable dry-coating method was used on a LiCoO2 cathode to improve cycling stability at 60 degrees C and, in contrast to the conventional wet-coating method, this one did not require a solvent. Electrochemical results of the MgF2, Al2O3, and TiO2 coatings on LiCoO2 cathodes showed a fast capacity fade, resulting in &amp;lt; 10% capacity retention at 60 degrees C under 1C rate cycling, whereas an uncoated cathode showed 64% retention. This difference was believed to be because the residual coating layers which did not react with the bulk layer accelerated the side reactions with the electrolytes at 60 degrees C, leading to increased formation of the surface films. However, when MgCO3 and AlPO4 were used for dry coating, the coating layers completely disappeared, but a higher concentration of coating elements was found near the surfaces. Overall, the cathodes coated with MgCO3 and AlPO4 exhibited 79 and 88% capacity retention, respectively, at 60 degrees C under 1C rate cycling.
Fuente Ovejuna, tragicomédie sur le tyrannicide (1987)

Etude de la signification de la legitimite du tyrannicide dans cette oeuvre de Lope de Vega. Par une etude des sources l'A. montre que cette defense du tyrannicide se situe dans une tradition et qu'elle s'accorde avec la morale politique du XVII siecle espagnol.
Estrogen Use and Verbal Memory in Healthy Postmenopausal Women (1994)

Estrogen appears to have a specific effect on verbal memory skills in healthy postmenopausal women. The clinical relevance of these findings for healthy older women remains to be determined.
Bystander killing of melanoma cells using the human tyrosinase promoter to express the Escherichia coli purine nucleoside phosphorylase gene. (1995)

We used a gene transfer-based system to generate highly toxic purine bases in tumor cells transfected with the Escherichia coli purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) gene. Because these toxic purines are membrane permeant, they mediate effective killing of neighboring cells that do not express E. coli PNP ("bystander" toxicity). In mixed cultures containing increasing percentages of cells with gene expression, 100% cancer cell growth arrest and total population killing was demonstrated when as few as 1-2% of cells expressed E. coli PNP. We used E. coli PNP to test bystander killing of human melanoma cells. A 529-bp region upstream of the human tyrosinase gene start site was shown to direct melanoma-specific expression in human cell lines. When this human tyrosinase regulatory region was used to control E. coli PNP expression, profound toxicity was observed in melanoma cells after treatment with the relatively nontoxic substrate 6-methylpurine-deoxyriboside, which is converted by E. coli PNP into the highly toxic purine base 6-methylpurine. Bystander toxicity was estimated as at least 100 cells killed for each cell expressing E. coli PNP, a level substantially higher than that of other tumor sensitization genes currently being used in clinical trails. These results suggest that the high bystander activity of the system could lead to significant antimelanoma responses in vivo.
Fixed‐bed multisolute adsorption characteristics of nonwet adsorbents (1989)

Abstract Certain nonfunctional macroreticular polymeric adsorbents are nonwet by suffciently dilute aqueous solutions and enable separations not achievable with adsorbents in the prewet state. Fixed‐bed adsorption data were obtained for a multisolute aqueous solution containing acetic acid, 1,3‐butanediol, and succinic acid, with Porapak Q and Amberlite XAD‐4 as adsorbents in both the prewet and nonwet states. The prewet breakthrough data agree with a model allowing for axial dispersion and a linear rate law, using independently estimated parameters. Break‐through curves for the nonwet case depend strongly upon solute volatility since mass transport within the particles appears to occur by Knudsen diffusion, and is rate limiting. Data for Porapak Q reflect an effective particle diffusivity about ten times lower than for Amberlite XAD‐4.
A Small-Molecule Probe of the Histone Methyltransferase G9a Induces Cellular Senescence in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma (2012)

Post-translational modifications of histones alter chromatin structure and play key roles in gene expression and specification of cell states. Small molecules that target chromatin-modifying enzymes selectively are useful as probes and have promise as therapeutics, although very few are currently available. G9a (also named euchromatin histone methyltransferase 2 (EHMT2)) catalyzes methylation of lysine 9 on histone H3 (H3K9), a modification linked to aberrant silencing of tumor-suppressor genes, among others. Here, we report the discovery of a novel histone methyltransferase inhibitor, BRD4770. This compound reduced cellular levels of di- and trimethylated H3K9 without inducing apoptosis, induced senescence, and inhibited both anchorage-dependent and -independent proliferation in the pancreatic cancer cell line PANC-1. ATM-pathway activation, caused by either genetic or small-molecule inhibition of G9a, may mediate BRD4770-induced cell senescence. BRD4770 may be a useful tool to study G9a and its role in senescence and cancer cell biology.
Quantification of dechelation of gadopentetate dimeglumine in rats. (1992)

An animal model was developed in order to estimate a potential in vivo dechelation of gadopentetate dimeglumine (Gd-DTPA; CAS 86050-77-3) and to provide information concerning the chemical form of long-term gadolinium not excreted. Excretion kinetics and biodistribution of 153Gd-DTPA and Gd-[14C]DTPA were studied in 2 groups of rats following the intravenous injection of 0.5 mmol/kg Gd-DTPA. Differences in the elimination and biodistribution profiles between the quantities of 153Gd and 14C radioactivity were taken as evidence for dechelation of Gd-DTPA within the body leading to a release of Gd ions. Statistically significant differences were observed in excretion and whole-body retention indicating an in vivo dechelation of less than 1% of the injected dose. 30% of the released Gd ions were excreted via urine and feces during the 21-day time interval. 21 days p.i., 70% of the released Gd ions remained in the body producing a significant 153Gd excess in liver, spleen, and the bones representing the principal target organs of released Gd ions after intravenous injection of Gd-DTPA. More than 96% of the released Gd ions found in the body 21 days p.i. were deposited in the bones. Liver and spleen showed minor contributions. In any case, the chemical form of the gadolinium present in liver, spleen, and the bones could predominantly be assigned to translocated Gd ions resulting from dechelation of Gd-DTPA.
Chemical specificities and intestinal distributions of nutrient-driven satiety (1998)

We measured intakes of sham- and naturally feeding rats during gut perfusions of nutrients. Our objectives were to determine 1) which nutrient products in gut lumen suppressed intakes; 2) how suppression by various nutrients is distributed along gut; and 3) whether time courses of suppression were similar among different nutrients. We found that satiating nutrients consisted of fatty acids only longer than 10 carbons, of monomeric carbohydrates only with affinity for the glucose transporter, and, among several amino acids, of only phenylalanine and tryptophan. Dimeric maltose had about the same potency as an isocaloric mixture of longer glucose polymers; since responses to either were blocked by a glucosidase inhibitor, each probably acted after hydrolysis to free glucose. Effective nutrients suppressed intakes about equally on infusion into duodenum vs. midgut, and the same nutrients also suppressed intakes when infused into colon. Food intakes were suppressed only while maltose was infused, not after it was stopped, but suppression persisted for 2 h after stopping perfusions with fatty or amino acids.
Tolerance of Soybean (<i>Glycine max</i>) and Sunflower (<i>Helianthus annuus</i>) to Fall-Applied Dicamba (1987)

The influence of fall (late September or late October)-applied dicamba (3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid) on spring-planted soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] and sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.) was studied at five sites in Minnesota during 1983 and 1984. At the two southern Minnesota locations, only late-October applications of dicamba at the highest rate (4.5 kg ae/ha) reduced yields of spring-planted soybean and sunflower. At the central and the two northern Minnesota locations, both late-September and late-October applications of dicamba at 1.1 kg/ha and higher caused injury and yield reductions to soybean and sunflower planted the following year. The two southern Minnesota locations had generally higher levels of precipitation, higher temperatures, higher organic matter soils, and lower pH levels compared to the central and northern Minnesota locations. These climatic and soil characteristics reduced dicamba persistence at the two southern Minnesota locations.
Addition of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) for poor-responder patients before and during IVF treatment improves the pregnancy rate: A randomized prospective study (2010)

Dehydroepiandrosterone supplementation can have a beneficial effect on ovarian reserves for poor-responder patients on IVF treatment. Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01145144.
[Impact of atrial fibrillation on clinical outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke undergoing thrombolytic therapy]. (2014)

The presence of AF has no independent impact on neurological outcome in thrombolytic patients with acute ischemic stroke. It is associated with increased reperfusion rate of more severe hypoperfusion area and higher frequency of PH.
Equivalence and efficiency of image alignment algorithms (2005)

There are two major formulations of image alignment using gradient descent. The first estimates an additive increment to the parameters (the additive approach), the second an incremental warp (the compositional approach). We first prove that these two formulations are equivalent. A very efficient algorithm was proposed by Hager and Belhumeur (1998) using the additive approach that unfortunately can only be applied to a very restricted class of warps. We show that using the compositional approach an equally efficient algorithm (the inverse compositional algorithm) can be derived that can be applied to any set of warps which form a group. While most warps used in computer vision form groups, there are a certain warps that do not. Perhaps most notable is the set of piecewise affine warps used in flexible appearance models (FAMs). We end this paper by extending the inverse compositional algorithm to apply to FAMs.
Switching the Conformation of a DNA Molecule with a Chemical Oscillator (2005)

pH oscillations generated by a nonequilibrium chemical reaction are used to switch a pH-sensitive DNA structure between two distinct conformations. The utilization of a chemical oscillator represents a novel method for achieving autonomous motion in molecular devices. The oscillatory reaction is a variant of the Landolt reaction and produces pH variations in the range between pH 5 and 7. In this range, a cytosine-rich DNA strand can be switched between a random coil conformation and the folded i-motif structure. The conformational changes are monitored simultaneously with the pH value in fluorescence-resonance energy-transfer experiments.
nvm malloc: Memory Allocation for NVRAM. (2015)

Non-volatile main memory (NVRAM) has the potential to fundamentally change the persistency of software. Applications can make their state persistent by directly placing data structures on NVRAM instead of volatile DRAM. However, the persistent nature of NVRAM requires significant changes for memory allocators that are now faced with the additional tasks of data recovery and failure-atomicity. In this paper, we present nvm malloc, a general-purpose memory allocator concept for the NVRAM era as a basic building block for persistent applications. We introduce concepts for managing named allocations for simplified recovery and using volatile and non-volatile memory in combination to provide both high performance and failure-atomic allocations.
Stability of Aqueous Silica Sols (1994)

The control of silica sol coagulation by pH and by addition of simple electrolytes is said to be "anomalous" in that it is not simply predicted by conventional Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeck (DLVO) theory. This chapter describes a model based on the control of coagulation by surface steric barriers of polysilicate and bound cations. The model suggests new experimental directions.
A 4MB on-chip L2 cache for a 90nm 1.6GHz 64b SPARC microprocessor (2004)

A next-generation 1.6GHz 4-issue CPU supports high-end servers and has a 4MB L2 cache. The chip uses 315M transistors in a 90nm 8M CMOS process with an area of 234mm/sup 2/.
Modification of insulin resistance by diazoxide in obese Zucker rats (1993)

Hyperinsulinism, insulin resistance, and decreased number of insulin receptors are characteristic of obesity in both humans and experimental animals. To assess the role of insulin in developing obesity, diazoxide (DZ), an inhibitor of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, was administered for 8 weeks to 7-week-old female Zucker rats in two concentrations, 50 mg/kg.day (LD-DZ), and 100 mg/kg.day (HD-DZ). The obese and lean rats were divided into three subgroups: diazoxide (DZ), pair-fed (PF), and control (C) groups (n = 6 rats/subgroup-genotype). Diazoxide-treated obese and lean animals showed significantly lower postabsorptive plasma insulin concentrations (P < 0.005) than their respective obese and lean PF and C subgroups. HD-DZ obese rats consumed more calories (P < 0.001), yet gained less weight (P < 0.05) than PF and C rats. The plasma glucose concentrations in the postabsorptive state and during glucose tolerance tests in HD-DZ obese rats were significantly lower than those in PF and C rats (P < 0.01) despite a decrease in their plasma insulin concentrations (P < 0.01), whereas HD-DZ lean rats displayed a diabetic response (P < 0.01). The adipocyte-specific insulin receptor binding was dose-dependently increased in both lean and obese DZ animals (P < 0.01). DZ had a dual effect on insulin metabolism; it decreased insulin secretion and increased insulin receptor binding. This dual effect was associated with improved glucose tolerance and a decrease in weight gain in obese rats.
Traumatic Brain Injury: An Overview of Pathobiology with Emphasis on Military Populations (2009)

This review considers the pathobiology of non-impact blast-induced neurotrauma (BINT). The pathobiology of traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been historically studied in experimental models mimicking features seen in the civilian population. These brain injuries are characterized by primary damage to both gray and white matter and subsequent evolution of secondary pathogenic events at the cellular, biochemical, and molecular levels, which collectively mediate widespread neurodegeneration. An emerging field of research addresses brain injuries related to the military, in particular blast-induced brain injuries. What is clear from the effort to date is that the pathobiology of military TBIs, particularly BINT, has characteristics not seen in other types of brain injury, despite similar secondary injury cascades. The pathobiology of primary BINT is extremely complex. It comprises systemic, local, and cerebral responses interacting and often occurring in parallel. Activation of the autonomous nervous system, sudden pressure-increase in vital organs such as lungs and liver, and activation of neuroendocrine-immune system are among the most important mechanisms significantly contributing to molecular changes and cascading injury mechanisms in the brain.
Optodynamers: expression of color and fluorescence at the interface between two films of different dynamic polymers (2007)

Color and fluorescence changes were expressed at the interface between two different polyhydrazone polymer films, induced by hydrazone bond exchange and component recombination through the interface, resulting in an extension of conjugation.