gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An efficient surface intersection algorithm based on lower-dimensional formulation (1997)

We present an efficient algorithm to compute the intersection of algebraic and NURBS surfaces. Our approach is based on combining the marching methods with the algbraic formulation. In particular, we propose and matrix computations. We present algorithms to compute a start point on each component of the intersection curve (both open and closed components), detect the presence of singularities, and find all the curve branches near the singularity. We also suggest methods to compute the step size during tracing to prevent component jumping. The algorithm runs an order of magnitude faster than previously published robust algorithms. The complexity of the algorithm is output sensitive.
Hormonal Replacement Therapy at the Time of Expected Puberty in Patients With Gonadal Failure (2003)

Conference Proceedings: Genetic and Hormonal Basis of Sexual Differentiation Disorders: CLINICAL NOTE
An auto-scoring billiards system (2009)

Since the opening climate of Taiwanese society, the billiards becomes more and more popular. Besides, the sport association and interested persons also encouraged not only the activity but also setup the club among many colleges that further push billiards fast developing. Meanwhile, because many males and females billiards won the expecting good prizes at international races, the billiards has achieved unheard-of climate. In tradition, billiards has the artificial scoring which not only lack of automatic method to record the each ball which been hit into pocket when player win the game but also without the backend analysis system. Therefore, our system combined the RFID, TCP/IP and IR with Internet sense capability to make use of UML object-based analysis technology. We implemented the client/server model using C++ programming language to design the 9.Ball@RFID system having the characteristics of instant record (tag sensor), analysis (database), broadcast (Webcam) which should be used to train athletic for recording the analysis of batting steps but also for the billiards race to setup the live scoring. After the system testing, the reliability has an acceptable level at 96.47% for identification the billiards' balls. It shall be a good model of billiards table manufacturers for future commercialization because that the prototype developing cost is low.
High‐Performance Nanostructured Membrane Electrode Assemblies for Fuel Cells Made by Layer‐By‐Layer Assembly of Carbon Nanocolloids (2007)

Layer-by-layer (LBL) assembly is used to produce high-performance nanostructured membrane electrode assemblies for H2/O2 fuel cells (see figure) for which porosity, platinum loading, electronic conductivity, and proton conductivity can be finely tuned. Free-standing membranes are made from negatively charged Nafion-wrapped carbon fibers (CFs) and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) with Pt nanoparticles deposited by a selective heterogeneous nucleation reaction.
Iterative Receiver for Joint Detection and Channel Estimation in OFDM Systems Under Mobile Radio Channels (2004)

In this paper, an iterative receiver for a joint data-detection and channel-estimation scheme is presented for orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing systems, which incorporates iterative decoding in the receiver. In the proposed scheme, a maximum a posteriori-based decoder and a channel estimator provide more reliable information on the coded bits for each other in an iterative manner. We first consider a practical implementation issue for the optimal minimum mean squared error two-dimensional (2-D) channel estimator as an essential element in the iterative receiver. To reduce the complexity of the 2-D estimator as suited to the iterative receiver, we focus on rigorously investigating how a separable estimator must be designed so that its structure may become asymptotically equivalent to that of the optimal 2-D estimator. Furthermore, we derive an analytical expression of the iterative process to evaluate a convergence performance as a function of the number of iterations and discuss its convergence property. Our simulation results demonstrate that the proposed iterative receiver achieves a near-ideal performance with only a few iterations under time-variant multipath fading channels.
Einleitung (2010)

Der Reformdruck im deutschen Gesundheitswesen ist ungebrochen. Fast täglich unterstreichen dies Medienberichte über die Kostenexplosion in der Leistungserbringung, ein bevorstehendes Krankenhaussterben1, Beitragssatzerhöhungen für Kranken- und Pflegeversicherung sowie Medikamentenzuzahlung oder Praxisgebühren. Die Ursachen für die finanzielle Schieflage des deutschen Gesundheitswesens liegen in zwei grundlegenden Trends: 2
Urinary Stress Incontinence Due to Intrinsic Sphincteric Deficiency: Experience With Fat and Collagen Periurethral Injections (1997)

Based on results of a prospective comparison of fat and collagen injection, collagen is more effective than fat for treatment of intrinsic sphincter deficiency.
alpha-Dystroglycan functions in acetylcholine receptor aggregation but is not a coreceptor for agrin-MuSK signaling. (1998)

alpha-dystroglycan (alpha-DG) is an agrin-binding protein that has been implicated in acetylcholine receptor (AChR) clustering, but it is unclear whether it acts as a coreceptor involved in initial agrin signaling or as a component involved in later events. To investigate its role, we have generated antisense derivatives of the C2 mouse muscle cell line, which have reduced alpha-DG expression. When compared with wild-type cells, the alpha-DG-deficient myotubes have a dramatic reduction in the number of spontaneous and agrin-induced AChR clusters. Several findings suggest that this decrease in AChR clustering is likely not because of a defect in agrin signaling through the MuSK receptor tyrosine kinase. Compared with wild-type cells, the alpha-DG-deficient cell lines showed only a transient reduction in the level of agrin-induced MuSK tyrosine phosphorylation and no reduction in AChR beta-subunit tyrosine phosphorylation. Additionally, agrin-induced phosphorylation of MuSK in wild-type myotubes was not decreased using agrin fragments that lack the domain primarily responsible for binding to alpha-DG. Finally, neural agrin-induced phosphorylation of MuSK was unaffected by treatments such as excess muscle agrin or anti-alpha-DG antibodies, both of which block agrin-alpha-DG binding. Together, these results suggest that alpha-DG is not required for agrin-MuSK signaling but rather that it may play a role elsewhere in the clustering pathway, such as in the downstream consolidation or maintenance of AChR clusters.
Color correction using rotation matrix for HDR rendering in iCAM06 (2011)

Recently, a new image appearance model called iCAM06 was designed for high dynamic range (HDR) image rendering. Most of the HDR rendering algorithms include many color space transformations from RGB of input image to RGB of output devices for HDR rendering. The iCAM06, the representative HDR rendering algorithm, also contains several color space conversion steps during the processes of chromatic adaptation, tone compression, and etc. However, frequent color space changes of the iCAM06 cause hue shift and color distortion of the output image. To solve these problems, we propose the hue shift correction step using the rotation matrix and reduce the hue change of the output images in the iCAM06. In this paper, the rotation matrix for the hue shift correction is calculated on relationship between the input and output tristimulus value. And experimental results show that the proposed method has high hue accuracy compared to the default iCAM06.
Monitoring Thermal Dynamic Behaviours of a 6.6 kV Distribution Transformer to Prepare for EV Loading Scenarios (2013)

It is established that large-scale implementation of Electric Vehicle (EV) usage would affect load levels of low voltage network especially the peak load. Charging EVs, may overload distribution transformers, causing overheating which leads to the increment of thermal ageing/failure rate and force early retirement of distribution transformer assets. Thus the thermal performance of a distribution transformer under EV scenarios is of prime concern for distribution utilities and monitoring the thermal dynamic behaviour of a transformer is the first step towards devising a solution. Thermal performance of a transformer can be monitored by measuring its internal temperatures with optic fibre sensors, but it is restricted to existing loadings if no significant EV charging is implemented yet. In such a case, IEC 60076-7 thermal model is used to identify the transformer’s thermal parameters whichdescribe its thermal dynamic behaviour to be used under EV scenarios. In this paper, the measurement results of optic fibre temperature sensors, both under the heat run test and current loading of a 6.6kV distribution transformer are presented. Based on that, IEC thermal model parameters are refined for this transformer. With the refined parameters, the hot-spot temperature and the corresponding loss-of- life are calculated under artificial EV loadings. The thermal performance of the 6.6kV distribution transformer under EV scenarios is thereby investigated and assessed by analyzing the results.
Action Spectrum Conversion Factors that Change Erythemally Weighted to Previtamin D<sub>3</sub>‐weighted UV Doses<sup>†</sup> (2008)

Many solar UV measurements, either terrestrial or personal, weight the raw data by the erythemal action spectrum. However, a problem arises when one tries to estimate the benefit of vitamin D(3) production based on erythemally weighted outdoor doses, like those measured by calibrated R-B meters or polysulphone badges, because the differences between action spectra give dissimilar values. While both action spectra peak in the UVB region, the erythemal action spectrum continues throughout the UVA region while the previtamin D(3) action spectrum stops near that boundary. When one uses the previtamin D(3) action spectrum to weight the solar spectra (D(eff)), one gets a different contribution in W m(-2) than what the erythemally weighted data predicts (E(eff)). Thus, to do proper benefit assessments, one must incorporate action spectrum conversion factors (ASCF) into the calculations to change erythemally weighted to previtamin D(3)-weighted doses. To date, all benefit assessments for vitamin D(3) production in human skin from outdoor exposures are overestimates because they did not account for the different contributions of each action spectrum with changing solar zenith angle and ozone and they did not account for body geometry. Here we describe how to normalize the ratios of the effective irradiances (D(eff)/E(eff)) to get ASCF that change erythemally weighted to previtamin D(3)-weighted doses. We also give the ASCF for each season of the year in the northern hemisphere every 5 degrees from 30 degrees N to 60 degrees N, based on ozone values. These ASCF, along with geometry conversion factors and other information, can give better vitamin D(3) estimates from erythemally weighted outdoor doses.
Down-Regulation of <i>TM29</i> , a Tomato <i>SEPALLATA</i> Homolog, Causes Parthenocarpic Fruit Development and Floral Reversion (2002)

We have characterized the tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) MADS box gene TM29 that shared a high amino acid sequence homology to the Arabidopsis SEP1, 2, and 3 (SEPALLATA1, 2, and 3) genes. TM29 showed similar expression profiles to SEP1, with accumulation of mRNA in the primordia of all four whorls of floral organs. In addition, TM29 mRNA was detected in inflorescence and vegetative meristems. To understand TM29 function, we produced transgenic tomato plants in which TM29 expression was down-regulated by either cosuppression or antisense techniques. These transgenic plants produced aberrant flowers with morphogenetic alterations in the organs of the inner three whorls. Petals and stamens were green rather than yellow, suggesting a partial conversion to a sepalloid identity. Stamens and ovaries were infertile, with the later developing into parthenocarpic fruit. Ectopic shoots with partially developed leaves and secondary flowers emerged from the fruit. These shoots resembled the primary transgenic flowers and continued to produce parthenocarpic fruit and additional ectopic shoots. Based on the temporal and spatial expression pattern and transgenic phenotypes, we propose that TM29 functions in floral organ development, fruit development, and maintenance of floral meristem identity in tomato.
SoundDroid: A New System for Electronic Post-Production of Sound (1986)

Sound Droid is a system with sophisticated sound editing capabilities, which provides eight channels of mixing in its minimal configuration. Sounds are stored on magnetic disk, and can be played back at any time and in any sequence. The fluidity of “soft” cuts encourages creative experimentation, and all sound manipulations are automatically memorized. Being all-digital, Sound Droid eliminates distortion and generation loss in audio processing while providing a significant increase in productivity. Sound Droid incorporates a large variety of special processing – including reverberation, pitch-changing, and Doppler shift. In addition, custom signal-processing software modules can be provided to suit the particular needs of the user. A sophisticated data-base management system facilitates tracking the flow of sound through a production. Sound Droid is based on the audio signal processor, a programmable digital signal processor. A modular architecture makes it possible to adjust the system configuration to suit the needs of the user. Later developments will be based on the same signal-processing hardware, changing only the software and user interface. For example, systems could be provided with additional sliders in a mixing system, multiple operator consoles for a large-scale post-production, and even a keyboard for sound synthesis.
SAMS teach yourself Java 2 platform in 21 days (1998)

Sams Teach Yourself Java in 21 Days continues to be the most popular, best-selling Java tutorial on the market. It has been acclaimed for its clear and personable writing, for its extensive use of examples, and for its logical and complete organization. The Professional Reference Edition of the book includes an extra seven chapters covering advanced topics like object serialization, remote method invocation, accessibility, security, JavaBeans, JDBC and advanced data structures - as well as a 200-page reference section detailing the most commonly used aspects of the Java language.
4.7 Gbyte re-writable disc system based on DVD-R system (1999)

The authors have developed a 4.7 Gbyte rewritable disc system having the following features: (1) a re-writable function added to a DVD-R incremental-write system, (2) a re-writable disc physically compatible with DVD-ROM.
Regulation of macrophage accessory cell activity by mycobacteria. II. In vitro inhibition of Ia expression by Mycobacterium microti. (1986)

In our preceding study, we showed that infection of mice with Mycobacterium microti leads to a dramatic increase in Ia expression on local inflammatory macrophage populations. However, the majority of these cells did not contain intracellular organisms. To evaluate the effect of parasitism of macrophages by M. microti, Ia-induction experiments were performed in vitro. We show here that Ia expression is increased on peritoneal macrophages treated with either crude lymphokine preparations or recombinant gamma-interferon (gamma-IFN) and that this expression is suppressed by M. microti in a dose dependent fashion. The degree of suppression varied between macrophage populations and could be achieved to a lesser extent with killed organisms. It was partially reversed with indomethacin but only poorly so at high infection levels. Inhibition of Ia expression may be of importance in the generation and maintenance of chronic infection.
The effect of Mg2+, nucleotides and ATPase inhibitors on the uptake of [3H]-cGMP to inside-out vesicles from human erythrocytes (1999)

An ATP-dependent transport system is responsible for the cellular extrusion of cGMP. The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of Mg2+, ATP and other nucleotides (2'-dATP, GTP and ADP), exogenous ATPase modulators (such as metavanadate, ouabain, EGTA, NEM, bafilomycin A1 and oligomycin A) on the cGMP transport. The uptake of [3H]-cGMP (1 microM) at 37 degrees C was studied in inside-out vesicles from human erythrocytes. Magnesium caused a maximal activation between 5 and 10 mM and the optimal ATP concentration was 1.25 mM with K50-values of 0.3-0.5 mM. Among other nucleotides tested, 2'-dATP (K50 of 0.7 mM) was nearly as effective as ATP, whereas cGMP accumulated slowly in the presence of GTP. ADP and metavanadate (P-type ATPase inhibitor) showed to be competitive inhibitors with Ki values of 0.15 mM and 10 microns, respectively. NEM (a sulphydryl agent) reduced the ATP-dependent uptake in a concentration-dependent manner with a Ki value of 10 microM. Ouabain (Na+/K(+)-ATPase inhibitor) had no effect. Bafilomycin A1 (V-type ATPase inhibitor) and oligomycin (F-type ATPase inhibitor) were the most potent inhibitors with Ki values of 0.7 and 1.8 microM, respectively. The present study suggests that the cellular cGMP extrusion is energized by an ATPase with a unique inhibitor profile, which clearly differentiates it from the other major classes of membrane-bound ATPases.
c-Cbl Is Transiently Tyrosine-phosphorylated, Ubiquitinated, and Membrane-targeted following CSF-1 Stimulation of Macrophages (1996)

Early colony stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1)-induced changes in the behavior of p120c-cbl in mouse BAC1.2F5 macrophages were investigated. p120c-cbl is associated with Grb2 in the cytoplasm of unstimulated cells. Following a 1-min stimulation with CSF-1, p120c-cbl becomes tyrosine-phosphorylated and associates with tyrosine-phosphorylated Shc and an unknown phosphotyrosyl protein (pp80). Simultaneously, it is ubiquitinated and translocated to the membrane. By 10 min of stimulation, this c-Cbl exhibits substantially decreased tyrosine phosphorylation and is de-ubiquitinated and relocated in the cytosol. However, the association of p120c-cbl with Shc persists for at least 60 min. These data indicate that signaling via the CSF-1R involves the transient modification of p120c-cbl and its recruitment as a complex to membrane.
Improvement of Springback prediction in sheet metal forming (2008)

Finite element simulation of sheet metal forming is a well-established tool which is used in industrial practice to evaluate geometrical defects caused by elastic springback. Springback can be defined as an elastically-driven change of shape of the deformed part upon removal of external loads. This phenomenon results in a deviation of the real product geometry from that defined in the design phase and can cause significant problems during assembly. To keep the product development time and manufacturing costs low, finite element analysis aims to provide reliable information necessary for the modification of tool and product geometry. Therefore, the accuracy of information obtained in a numerical simulation of springback is essential for the product designers and die makers. This thesis deals with the improvement of numerical prediction of the springback phenomenon in sheet metal forming. Modelling guidelines and advanced numerical algorithms are presented that better satisfy industrial requirements for an accurate simulation of springback.
Antidepressants as analgesics: a review of randomized controlled trials. (2001)

This review provides an overview of 59 randomized placebo-controlled trials that examined the analgesic effect of antidepressants. To summarize, there is significant evidence that the tricyclic group of antidepressants is analgesic and that trazodone is not; the data regarding selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are conflicting. To date, there are no randomized controlled trials examining the potential analgesic action of nefazodone or venlafaxine, but on the basis of initial clinical reports and its structural similarity to other analgesics, venlafaxine shows promise as an analgesic.
Radiation crosslinking of poly(vinyl chloride) with trimethylolpropanetrimethacrylate. II. Dependence on radiation dose and blend composition (1983)

Abstract The radiation crosslinking of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) blended with trimethylolpropanetrimethacrylate (TMPTMA) has been examined. The polyfunctional TMPTMA undergoes polymerization incorporating the PVC into a 3‐dimensional network. The kinetics and mechanisms of these crosslinking reactions were studied with particular reference to dependence on radiation dose and blend composition. The crosslinking rate was found to be proportional to the TMPTMA concentration. As the TMPTMA concentration decreased, soluble graft copolymers were produced in addition to insoluble networks. A gel permeation chromatography technique provided compositional information on the gel and sol fractions. The competition between polymerization, grafting, and degradation reactions was examined.
Computerized Image-Based Detection and Grading of Lymphocytic Infiltration in HER2+ Breast Cancer Histopathology (2009)

The identification of phenotypic changes in breast cancer (BC) histopathology on account of corresponding molecular changes is of significant clinical importance in predicting disease outcome. One such example is the presence of lymphocytic infiltration (LI) in histopathology, which has been correlated with nodal metastasis and distant recurrence in HER2+ BC patients. In this paper, we present a computer-aided diagnosis (CADx) scheme to automatically detect and grade the extent of LI in digitized HER2+ BC histopathology. Lymphocytes are first automatically detected by a combination of region growing and Markov random field algorithms. Using the centers of individual detected lymphocytes as vertices, three graphs (Voronoi diagram, Delaunay triangulation, and minimum spanning tree) are constructed and a total of 50 image-derived features describing the arrangement of the lymphocytes are extracted from each sample. A nonlinear dimensionality reduction scheme, graph embedding (GE), is then used to project the high-dimensional feature vector into a reduced 3-D embedding space. A support vector machine classifier is used to discriminate samples with high and low LI in the reduced dimensional embedding space. A total of 41 HER2+ hematoxylin-and-eosin-stained images obtained from 12 patients were considered in this study. For more than 100 three-fold cross-validation trials, the architectural feature set successfully distinguished samples of high and low LI levels with a classification accuracy greater than 90%. The popular unsupervised Varma-Zisserman texton-based classification scheme was used for comparison and yielded a classification accuracy of only 60%. Additionally, the projection of the 50 image-derived features for all 41 tissue samples into a reduced dimensional space via GE allowed for the visualization of a smooth manifold that revealed a continuum between low, intermediate, and high levels of LI. Since it is known that extent of LI in BC biopsy specimens is a prognostic indicator, our CADx scheme will potentially help clinicians determine disease outcome and allow them to make better therapy recommendations for patients with HER2+ BC.
&lt;title&gt;Content-based video retrieval by example video clip&lt;/title&gt; (1997)

This paper presents a novel approach for video retrieval from a large archive of MPEG or Motion JPEG compressed video clips. We introduce a retrieval algorithm that takes a video clip as a query and searches the database for clips with similar contents. Video clips are characterized by a sequence of representative frame signatures, which are constructed from DC coefficients and motion information (`DC+M' signatures). The similarity between two video clips is determined by using their respective signatures. This method facilitates retrieval of clips for the purpose of video editing, broadcast news retrieval, or copyright violation detection.