gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Day in the Life of a Nebulizer: Surveillance for Bacterial Growth in Nebulizer Equipment of Children With Cystic Fibrosis in the Hospital Setting (2007)

We suspect that the organisms identified were caused by skin contamination of the samples rather than contamination of the nebulizer cup. We conclude that there is a low risk of microbial contamination with CF pathogens from the interior of a disposable nebulizer over a 24 hour period.
El artículo, un género entre la opinión y la actualidad (2004)

El artículo es un género periodístico de opinión que refleja la interpretación que su autor hace sobre asuntos de la actualidad informativa. Se trata de un texto en el que se interpretan las noticias más recientes, aspecto que lo diferencia de un artículo literario. Su estructura goza de absoluta libertad, por lo que algunos investigadores afirman que existen tantos tipos de artículos como autores. Sin embargo, podemos distinguir cuatro modalidades de este género periodístico.&#x0D; La columna es un modelo de artículo en el que su autor dispone de total libertad para emitir sus juicios sobre los asuntos que considere oportunos, y lo hace en un periódico donde cuenta con una ubicación, una extensión y una periodicidad fijas.&#x0D; El editorial es una modalidad del artículo por medio del que se manifiesta públicamente la empresa propietaria de un periódico sobre asuntos de trascendencia social o política.&#x0D; El artículo firmado es un artículo cuyo autor no es un periodista integrante de la plantilla laboral del periódico, quien escribe de forma esporádica y con absoluta libertad expresiva un texto sin una ubicación ni extensión fija.&#x0D; El obituario es el artículo en el que se hace una semblanza con detalles íntimos y datos profesionales de un personaje con motivo de su fallecimiento.
Theory and algorithms for image reconstruction on chords and within regions of interest (2005)

We introduce a formula for image reconstruction on a chord of a general source trajectory. We subsequently develop three algorithms for exact image reconstruction on a chord from data acquired with the general trajectory. Interestingly, two of the developed algorithms can accommodate data containing transverse truncations. The widely used helical trajectory and other trajectories discussed in literature can be interpreted as special cases of the general trajectory, and the developed theory and algorithms are thus directly applicable to reconstructing images exactly from data acquired with these trajectories. For instance, chords on a helical trajectory are equivalent to the n-PI-line segments. In this situation, the proposed algorithms become the algorithms that we proposed previously for image reconstruction on PI-line segments. We have performed preliminary numerical studies, which include the study on image reconstruction on chords of two-circle trajectory, which is nonsmooth, and on n-PI lines of a helical trajectory, which is smooth. Quantitative results of these studies verify and demonstrate the proposed theory and algorithms.
Overexpression and elevated serum levels of phosphoglycerate kinase 1 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (2006)

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a common malignancy with a very low 5-year survival rate. Currently, there are no valid markers for early detection and targets for therapy. Here, we used 2-DE to analyze the protein profiles of eight PDAC specimens and paired adjacent nontumor tissues. MS was used to identify 15 protein spots that were found to be overexpressed in PDAC tissues versus adjacent controls. One of them was identified as phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK) 1, a secretable glycolytic enzyme known to participate in angiogenesis. Immunohistochemical analysis of 63 PDAC specimens revealed moderate to strong expression of PGK1 in >70% of the tumors. Further Western blotting analysis of cells from tumor and adjacent nontumor tissues obtained by laser capture microdissection confirmed the enhanced expression of PGK1 in tumor cells. Furthermore, the serum levels of PGK1 were significantly higher in PDAC patients (n = 21) than in the control group (n = 25) (p < 0.005), as determined by ELISA. These observations indicate that protein profile analysis using a combination of 2-DE and MS provides an effective strategy for identifying biomarkers that may have diagnostic potential for PDAC, and identify PGK1 as a potential biomarker and/or therapeutic target for PDAC.
Pasireotide (SOM230) as a Potential Treatment for Endocrine and Non- Endocrine Tumors (2010)

Neuroendocrine tumors are usually characterized by the overexpression of somatostatin receptors, the presence of secretory granules and the ability to secrete amines or hormones. Somatostatin receptor expression profiles vary by tumor type and may even vary over the course of the disease. Furthermore, multiple somatostatin receptor subtypes are also expressed in a number of non-neuroendocrine tumors. Pasireotide is a multi-receptor targeted somatostatin analogue with high binding affinity for four of the five somatostatin receptor subtypes sst1,2,3 and sst5. Prolonged inhibition of hormone secretion by pasireotide in animal models and expression of multiple somatostatin receptors in neuroendocrine tumors suggest that pasireotide may have clinical advantages over the sst2-preferential somatostatin analogues, octreotide and lanreotide. Clinical trials demonstrated pasireotide to be a promising treatment for patients with acromegaly, Cushings disease and GI-NETs, and results from ongoing Phase III clinical studies will determine the role of pasireotide in these indications. Somatostatin analogues may have direct antitumor effects through receptor-mediated signal transduction pathways and indirect antitumor effects via inhibition of angiogenesis, suppression of growth factors and growth-promoting hormone synthesis/secretion or immunomodulatory effects. As such, pasireotide is under preclinical and clinical investigation as an antiproliferative therapy in several malignancies, both endocrine and non-endocrine. Keywords: Pasireotide, somatostatin, sst, somatostatin analogue, neuroendocrine tumor, solid tumor, Neuroendocrine tumors, somatostatin receptors, hormones, analogue, octreotide, lanreotide, Cushing's disease, antiproliferative, malignancies, oncological disorders, prolactin, alcitonin, adrenocorticotrophin hormone, sst5 regulates, G-protein, corticosteroids, antisecretory effect, carcinoid syndrome, pituitary adenoma, bronchoalveolar, bleomycin, endocrine islets, hypopituitarism, corticotroph tumor cells, dexamethasone treatment, Acromegaly, transsphenoidal surgery, cynomologus, prolactinomas, gonadotroph adenomas, Gastroenteropancreatic, gastrinomas, insulinomas, androgen- independent growth, tamoxifen
The ortho functionalization of aromatic amines. Benzylation, formylation, and vinylation of anilines (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe ortho functionalization of aromatic amines. Benzylation, formylation, and vinylation of anilinesPaul G. Gassman and H. Roger DrewesCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1978, 100, 24, 7600–7610Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00492a028https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00492a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views960Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Discovery of Novel and Cardioselective Diltiazem-like Calcium Channel Blockers via Virtual Screening (2008)

With the effort to discover new chemotypes blocking L-type calcium channels (LTCCs), ligand-based virtual screening was applied with a specific interest toward the diltiazem binding site. Roughly 50000 commercially available compounds served as a database for screening. The filtering through predicted pharmacokinetic properties and structural requirements reduced the initial database to a few compounds for which the similarity was calculated toward two template molecules, diltiazem and 4-chloro-Ncyclopropyl- N-(4-piperidinyl)benzene-sulfonamide, the most interesting hit of a previous screening experiment. For 18 compounds, inotropic and chronotropic activity as well as the vasorelaxant effect on guinea pig were studied "in vitro", and for the most promising, binding studies to the diltiazem site were carried out. The procedure yielded several hits, confirming in silico techniques to be useful for finding new chemotypes. In particular, N-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-3-hydroxy-2-naphthamide, N,Ndimethyl- N'-(2-pyridin-3-ylquinolin-4-yl)ethane-1,2-diamine, 2-[(4-chlorophenyl)(pyridin-2-yl)methoxy]- N,N-dimethylethanamine (carbinoxamine), and 7-[2-(diethylamino)ethoxy]-2H-chromen-2-one revealed interesting activity and binding to the benzothiazepine site.
Human prostate carcinoma cells express enzymatic activity that converts human plasminogen to the angiogenesis inhibitor, angiostatin. (1996)

Angiostatin is an inhibitor of angiogenesis and metastatic growth that is found in tumor-bearing animals and can be generated in vitro by the proteolytic cleavage of plasminogen. The mechanism by which angiostatin is produced in vivo has not been defined. We now demonstrate that human prostate carcinoma cell lines (PC-3, DU-145, and LN-CaP) express enzymatic activity that can generate bioactive angiostatin from purified human plasminogen or plasmin. Affinity purified PC-3-derived angiostatin inhibited human endothelial cell proliferation, basic fibroblast growth factor-induced migration, endothelial cell tube formation, and basic fibroblast growth factor-induced corneal angiogenesis. Studies with proteinase inhibitors demonstrated that a serine proteinase is necessary for angiostatin generation. These data indicate that bioactive angiostatin can be generated directly by human prostate cancer cells and that serine proteinase activity is necessary for angiostatin generation.
Zero and data reuse-aware fast convolution for deep neural networks on GPU (2016)

Convolution operations dominate the total execution time of deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs). In this paper, we aim at enhancing the performance of the state-of-the-art convolution algorithm (called Winograd convolution) on the GPU. Our work is based on two observations: (1) CNNs often have abundant zero weights and (2) the performance benefit of Winograd convolution is limited mainly due to extra additions incurred during data transformation. In order to exploit abundant zero weights, we propose a low-overhead and efficient hardware mechanism that skips multiplications that will always give zero results regardless of input data (called ZeroSkip). In addition, to leverage the second observation, we present data reuse optimization for addition operations in Winograd convolution (called AddOpt), which improves the utilization of local registers, thereby reducing on-chip cache accesses. Our experiments with a real-world deep CNN, VGG-16, on GPGPU-Sim and Titan X show that the proposed methods, ZeroSkip and AddOpt, achieve 51.8% higher convolution performance than the baseline Winograd convolution. Moreover, even without any hardware modification, AddOpt alone gives 35.6% higher performance on a real hardware platform, Titan X.
Using Collocation Statistics in Information Extraction (1998)

INTRODUCTION Our main objective in participating MUC-7 is to investigate and experiment with the use of collocation statistics in information extraction. A collocation is a habitual word combination, such as &amp;quot;weather a storm&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;file a lawsuit&amp;quot;, and &amp;quot;the falling yen&amp;quot;. Collocation statistics refers to the frequency counts of the collocational relations extracted from a parsed corpus. For example, out of 6577 instances of &amp;quot;addition&amp;quot; in a corpus, 5190 was used as the object of &amp;quot;in&amp;quot;. Out of 3214 instances of &amp;quot;hire&amp;quot;, 12 of them take &amp;quot;alien&amp;quot; as the object. We participated in two tasks: Named Entity and Coreference. In both tasks, the input text is processed in two passes. During the first pass we use the parse trees of input texts, combined with collocation statistics obtained from a large corpus, to automatically acquire or enrich lexical entries which are then used in the second pass. COLLOCATION DATABASE We define a collocation to be a dependency triple that cons
Role of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase in Pulmonary Microvascular Protein Leak in Murine Sepsis (2002)

The effects of nitric oxide (NO) from calcium-independent NO synthase (iNOS) on microvascular protein leak in acute lung injury (ALI) are uncertain, possibly because of disparate effects of iNOS-derived NO from different cells. We assessed the contribution of iNOS from inflammatory versus parenchymal cells to pulmonary protein leak in murine cecal ligation and perforation-induced ALI. We studied iNOS+/+, iNOS-/-, and two reciprocally bone marrow-transplanted iNOS chimeric mice groups: + to - (iNOS+/+ donor bone marrow-transplanted into iNOS-/- recipient mice) and - to +. Sepsis-induced ALI was characterized by pulmonary leukocyte infiltration, increased pulmonary iNOS activity, and increased pulmonary microvascular protein leak, as assessed by Evans blue (EB) dye. Despite equal neutrophil infiltration, sepsis-induced EB-protein leak was eliminated in iNOS-/- mice and in - to + iNOS chimeras (parenchymal cell-localized iNOS) but was preserved in + to - chimeric mice (inflammatory cell-localized iNOS). EB-protein leak was also prevented by pretreatment with allopurinol and superoxide dismutase. Microvascular protein leak in sepsis-induced ALI is uniquely dependent on iNOS in inflammatory cells with no obvious contribution of iNOS in pulmonary parenchymal cells. Pulmonary protein leak is also dependent on superoxide, suggesting an effect of peroxynitrite rather than NO itself.
cDNA cloning and immunological characterization of the rye grass allergen Lol p I. (1990)

The complete amino acid sequence of two "isoallergenic" forms of Lol p I, the major rye grass (Lolium perenne) pollen allergen, was deduced from cDNA sequence analysis. cDNA clones isolated from a Lolium perenne pollen library contained an open reading frame coding for a 240-amino acid protein. Comparison of the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence of two of these clones revealed four changes at the amino acid level and numerous nucleotide differences. Both clones contained one possible asparagine-linked glycosylation site. Northern blot analysis shows one RNA species of 1.2 kilobases. Based on the complete amino acid sequence of Lol p I, overlapping peptides covering the entire molecule were synthesized. Utilizing these peptides we have identified a determinant within the Lol p I molecule that is recognized by human leukocyte antigen class II-restricted T cells obtained from persons allergic to rye grass pollen.
Band Engineered Charge Trap Layer for highly Reliable MLC Flash Memory (2007)

A novel multi-level charge trap flash memory with band engineering concept on the trap layer is firstly demonstrated. The engineered band structure, Si <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> /Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> /Si <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> (NAN) was adopted as a trap layer in place of single Si <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> layer in TANOS structure (Y. Shin et al., 2005). Compared to the reference structure of single Si <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> trap layer, charge trap flash memory based on NAN trap layer shows larger memory window (~10 V), which is ideal for multi-level application. In addition, highly reliable operation is obtained due to lower program/erase voltages, superior endurance, and smaller room/high temperature pre-/post-cycling charge loss (DeltaVth <0.5 V).
Eicosapentaenoic Acid Supplementation Changes Fatty Acid Composition and Corrects Endothelial Dysfunction in Hyperlipidemic Patients (2012)

We investigated the effects of purified eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on vascular endothelial function and free fatty acid composition in Japanese hyperlipidemic subjects. In subjects with hyperlipidemia (total cholesterol ≥220 mg/dL and/or triglycerides ≥150 mg/dL), lipid profile and forearm blood flow (FBF) during reactive hyperemia were determined before and 3 months after supplementation with 1800 mg/day EPA. Peak FBF during reactive hyperemia was lower in the hyperlipidemic group than the normolipidemic group. EPA supplementation did not change serum levels of total, HDL, or LDL cholesterol, apolipoproteins, remnant-like particle (RLP) cholesterol, RLP triglycerides, or malondialdehyde-modified LDL cholesterol. EPA supplementation did not change total free fatty acid levels in serum, but changed the fatty acid composition, with increased EPA and decreased linoleic acid, γ-linolenic acid, and dihomo-γ-linolenic acid. EPA supplementation recovered peak FBF after 3 months. Peak FBF recovery was correlated positively with EPA and EPA/arachidonic acid levels and correlated inversely with dihomo-γ-linolenic acid. EPA supplementation restores endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in hyperlipidemic patients despite having no effect on serum cholesterol and triglyceride patterns. These results suggest that EPA supplementation may improve vascular function at least partly via changes in fatty acid composition.
Semi-fluorinated alkanes as carriers for drug targeting in acute respiratory failure (2010)

Partial liquid ventilation (PLV) with perfluorocarbons may cause pulmonary recruitment in acute lung injury (ALI). Semi-fluorinated alkanes (SFAs) provide biochemical properties similar to perfluorocarbons. Additionally, SFAs are characterized by increased lipophilicity. Therefore, SFA-PLV may be considered for deposition of certain therapeutic drugs into atelectatic lung areas. In this experimental study SFA-PLV was evaluated to demonstrate feasibility, pulmonary recruitment, and efficacy of drug deposition. Feasibility of SFA-PLV was determined in pigs with and without experimental ALI. Animals were randomized to PLV with SFAs up to a cumulative amount of 30 mL x kg⁻¹ or to conventional mechanical ventilation. Pulmonary recruitment effects were determined by analyzing ventilation-perfusion distributions. Efficacy of intrapulmonary drug deposition was evaluated in further experiments by measuring drug serum concentrations in the course of PLV with SFA-dissolved α-tocopherol and ibuprofen. Increasing SFA doses caused progressive reduction of intrapulmonary shunt in animals with ALI, indicating pulmonary recruitment. PLV with SFA-dissolved α-tocopherol had no effect on serum levels of α-tocopherol, whereas PLV with SFA-dissolved ibuprofen caused a rapid increase of serum levels of ibuprofen. The authors conclude that SFA-PLV is feasible and causes pulmonary recruitment in ALI. Effectiveness of drug deposition in the lung obviously depends on the partitioning drugs out of the SFA phase into blood.
In situ Measurement of CO, H2O and Gas Temperature in a Lignite-Fired Power-Plant (2002)

A diode laser based in situ absorption spectrometer is presented for the simultaneous detection of CO (1560nm), water (813nm) and the gas temperature within the combustion chamber of a 600MW lignite-fired power-plant. A fractional absorption resolution better than 10 −3 equivalent to a few hundred ppmVCO could be demonstrated with a 30 sec time response.
A 10.7 MHz CMOS OTA-R-C bandpass filter with 68 dB dynamic range on-chip automatic tuning (2003)

The authors report a maximally flat 10.7-MHz fourth-order bandpass filter with 68 dB dynamic range. The bandwidth and ripple of the filter are 250 kHz and 0.5 dB, respectively. The third intermodulation distortion is below -40 dB for fully differential input signals up to 3.4 V peak-to-peak. The supply voltages are +or-2.5 V. The filter architecture is based on two biquadratic sections in cascade.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Isolation of Stromal Stem Cells From Human Adipose Tissue (2006)

The stromal compartment of mesenchymal tissues is thought to harbor stem cells that display extensive proliferative capacity and multilineage potential. Stromal stem cells offer a potentially large therapeutic potential in the field of regenerative medicine. Adipose tissue contains a large number of stromal stem cells, is relatively easy to obtain in large quantities, and thus constitutes a very convenient source of stromal stem cells. Importantly, the number of stem cells obtained is compatible with extensive analyses of the cells in an uncultured, freshly isolated, form. This chapter describes procedures for isolating millions of highly purified stromal stem cells from human adipose tissue and methods of establishing polyclonal and monoclonal cultures of adipose tissue-derived stem cells.
Topology optimization of photonic crystal structures: a high-bandwidth low-loss T-junction waveguide (2005)

A T junction in a photonic crystal waveguide is designed with the topology-optimization method. The gradient-based optimization tool is used to modify the material distribution in the junction area so that the power transmission in the output ports is maximized. To obtain high transmission in a large frequency range, we use an active-set strategy by using a number of target frequencies that are updated repeatedly in the optimization procedure. We apply a continuation method based on artificial damping to avoid undesired local maxima and also introduce artificial damping in a penalization scheme to avoid nondiscrete properties in the design domain.
A phase III, randomized, placebo-controlled study of belimumab, a monoclonal antibody that inhibits B lymphocyte stimulator, in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (2011)

Belimumab plus standard therapy significantly improved SRI response rate, reduced SLE disease activity and severe flares, and was generally well tolerated in SLE.