gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cylinder pressure and combustion heat release estimation for SI engine diagnostics using nonlinear sliding observers (1995)

Cylinder pressure is an important parameter in engine combustion analysis or engine diagnosis. An approach is introduced to estimate cylinder pressure and combustion heat release in multicylinder SI engines based solely on engine speed measurements. Because of the nonlinear nature of engines, this estimation employs a nonlinear observer: the sliding observer. In many applications, cylinder pressure is critical for control or engine monitoring systems. Researchers have pursued various approaches to obtain the desired cylinder pressure directly or indirectly. However, these approaches vary in cost, reliability, robustness, accuracy and convenience. The use of nonlinear sliding observers in pressure and combustion heat release estimation based on measurements of engine speed provides an accurate, low-cost, and reliable way to acquire these desired states. In this paper the estimation of cylinder pressures and combustion heat releases of a multicylinder SI engine is presented. Since a problem of system observability arises in pressure estimation when the cylinder piston moves to its TDC, means of reducing estimation errors in this condition are described. Finally, the applications of this approach in engine diagnostics are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
An Experimental Comparison of Dispatching Rules for Field Service Support* (1992)

ABSTRACT Field service repair management is increasing in importance as “high tech” machines such as computers, communication systems, and copy machines are becoming more popular and more widely disbursed geographically. Complicating the management of these systems are response time performance guarantees (e.g., 8‐hour response time), which are a popular marketing tool for many field service businesses [21]. These response time), guarantees especially complicate the field service dispatching problem. With response time guarantees, dispatchers must consider travel times and other issues to determine which call should be assigned to an available technician. This research proposes several dispatching rules that might be applied for dispatching sequential‐trip technicians in this environment and compares these rules in a simulation experiment to determine which rule is best in terms of average tardiness. The proposed composite travel time‐expiration time rule was found to be the best on average tardiness performance and on all other tardiness‐related measures. Given the increased importance of tardiness performance in field service organizations, the proposed composite rule appears to have promise.
Elevated numbers of peripheral T cells in inflammatory bowel diseases displaying T9 antigen and Fc alpha receptors. (1985)

Elevated numbers of peripheral T cells expressing the activation associated antigen T9 are found in patients with active Crohn's disease. Expression of T9 is found to be correlated to the activity of the disease. However the presence of activated peripheral T cells is not restricted to Crohn's disease, but could also be found in other maladies with a supposed involvement of the immune system, e.g. ulcerative colitis, sarcoidosis, connective tissue disease and after organ transplantation. Significant elevation of the number of activated T cells could not be detected in cases of viral or bacterial enteritis and coeliac disease. Analysing the subset of T9 positive T cells with regard to the expression of Fc alpha receptors, a significantly increased number of Fc alpha receptor positive cells, within the subset of T9 positive cells in the peripheral blood of patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis was found, which could not be demonstrated in the case of other diseases analysed in this study. Thus the T9+ Fc alpha receptor +T cell subset may be considered to be pathognomonic for inflammatory bowel diseases. Analysis of the regulatory properties of T9 positive cells, with regard to the immunoglobulin isotype secretion in a pokeweed mitogen stimulated autologeous B cell assay, suggests that peripheral T9 positive T cells are involved in the suppression of IgA synthesis or secretion.
Holdfast heroics: comparing the molecular and mechanical properties of<i>Mytilus californianus</i>byssal threads (2007)

The marine mussel Mytilus californianus Conrad inhabits the most wave-exposed regions of the rocky intertidal by dint of its extraordinary tenacity. Tenacity is mediated in large part by the byssus, a fibrous holdfast structure. M. californianus byssal threads, which are mechanically superior to the byssal threads of other mytilids, are composed almost entirely of a consortium of three modular proteins known as the preCols. In this study, the complete primary sequence of preCols from M. californianus was deduced and compared to that of two related species with mechanically inferior byssal threads, M. edulis Linnaeus and M. galloprovincialis Lamarck in order to explore structure-function relationships. The preCols from M. californianus are more divergent from the other two species than they are from one another. However, the degree of divergence is not uniform among the various domains of the preCols, allowing us to speculate on their mechanical role. For instance, the extra spider silk-like runs of alanine-rich sequence in the flanking domains of M. californianus may increase crystalline order, enhancing strength and stiffness. Histidine-rich domains at the termini, in contrast, are highly conserved between species, suggesting a mechanical role common to all three. Mechanical testing of pH-treated and chemically derivatized distal threads strongly suggests that histidine side chains are ligands in reversible, metal-mediated cross-links in situ. By combining the mechanical and sequence data, yield and self-healing in the distal region of threads have been modeled to emphasize the intricate interplay of enthalpic and entropic effects during tensile load and recovery.
Pharmacokinetics and tolerability of different doses of fentanyl following sublingual administration of a rapidly dissolving tablet to cancer patients: a new approach to treatment of incident pain (2005)

With this rapidly dissolving fentanyl formulation, the first detectable plasma concentration of fentanyl was observed at 8-11 min after administration. The pharmacokinetics of the drug showed dose proportionately. This formulation of fentanyl seemed to be well tolerated by the patients.
From Bluetooth naming to crowd interaction (2009)

In this paper, we describe how Bluetooth presence and naming can be used as the basis for crowd interaction. We also propose a number of exercises for the workshop where we hope to explore in-loco the emergence of multiple types of crowd behaviour.
Novel complement inhibitor limits severity of experimentally myasthenia gravis (2009)

Inhibition of complement significantly reduced weakness in two models of EAMG. C5 inhibition could prove to be of significant therapeutic value in human myasthenia gravis.
erbB2 is required for G protein-coupled receptor signaling in the heart (2006)

erbB2/Her2, a ligandless receptor kinase, has pleiotropic effects on mammalian development and human disease. The absence of erbB2 signaling in cardiac myocytes results in dilated cardiomyopathy in mice, resembling the cardiotoxic effects observed in a subset of breast cancer patients treated with the anti-Her2 antibody herceptin. Emerging evidence suggests that erbB2 is pivotal for integrating signaling networks involving multiple classes of extracellular signals. However, its role in G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling remains undefined. Because the activation of the MAPK pathway through GPCR signaling is important for cardiac homeostasis, we investigated whether erbB2 is required for GPCR-mediated MAPK signaling in wild-type and heart-specific erbB2 mutant mice. Here we demonstrate that erbB2, but not EGF receptor, is essential for MAPK activation induced by multiple GPCR agonists in cardiac myocytes. erbB2 is immunocomplexed with a GPCR in vivo and is transactivated after ligand treatment in vitro. Coexpression of erbB2 with GPCRs in heterologous cells results in ligand-dependent complex formation and MAPK activation. Furthermore, MAPK activation and cardiac contractility are markedly impaired in heart-specific erbB2 mutants infused with a GPCR agonist. These results reveal an essential mechanism requiring erbB2 as a coreceptor for GPCR signaling in the heart. The obligatory role of erbB2 in GPCR-dependent signaling may also be important in other cellular systems.
Hair cell damage recruited Lgr5-expressing cells are hair cell progenitors in neonatal mouse utricle (2015)

Damage-activated stem/progenitor cells play important roles in regenerating lost cells and in tissue repair. Previous studies reported that the mouse utricle has limited hair cell regeneration ability after hair cell ablation. However, the potential progenitor cell population regenerating new hair cells remains undiscovered. In this study, we first found that Lgr5, a Wnt target gene that is not usually expressed in the neonatal mouse utricle, can be activated by 24 h neomycin treatment in a sub-population of supporting cells in the striolar region of the neonatal mouse utricle. Lineage tracing demonstrated that these Lgr5-positive supporting cells could regenerate new hair cells in explant culture. We isolated the damage-activated Lgr5-positive cells with flow cytometry and found that these Lgr5-positive supporting cells could regenerate hair cells in vitro, and self-renew to form spheres, which maintained the capacity to differentiate into hair cells over seven generations of passages. Our results suggest that damage-activated Lgr5-positive supporting cells act as hair cell progenitors in the neonatal mouse utricle, which may help to uncover a potential route to regenerate hair cell in mammals.
T-cell leukemias with rearrangement of the gamma but not beta T-cell receptor genes (1988)

Abstract beta and gamma T cell receptor (TCR) gene configuration was studied in 12 patients with large granular lymphocyte T cell leukemia (LGL- leukemia). Both genes were found rearranged in ten cases. In the remaining two patients TCR beta was found in germline configuration. In one of them rearrangement of T cell-rearranging gene gamma (TRG gamma) and a gamma mRNA were demonstrated. We suggest that in this patient the leukemic T cells arose from one of the rare T cells bearing a gamma- delta rather than an alpha-beta TCR heterodimeric molecule. In the other patient several discrete TRG gamma rearrangements were detected. Because her leukemic cells were shown to be monoclonal on the grounds of their karyotype, we suggest that her leukemia originated before any rearrangement had taken place. The combined use of TCR beta and TRG gamma probes provides new information on the origin and clonal expansion of lymphoid cells in LGL-leukemia.
Synergistic Effects from Graphene and Carbon Nanotubes Enable Flexible and Robust Electrodes for High-Performance Supercapacitors (2012)

Flexible and lightweight energy storage systems have received tremendous interest recently due to their potential applications in wearable electronics, roll-up displays, and other devices. To manufacture such systems, flexible electrodes with desired mechanical and electrochemical properties are critical. Herein we present a novel method to fabricate conductive, highly flexible, and robust film supercapacitor electrodes based on graphene/MnO(2)/CNTs nanocomposites. The synergistic effects from graphene, CNTs, and MnO(2) deliver outstanding mechanical properties (tensile strength of 48 MPa) and superior electrochemical activity that were not achieved by any of these components alone. These flexible electrodes allow highly active material loading (71 wt % MnO(2)), areal density (8.80 mg/cm(2)), and high specific capacitance (372 F/g) with excellent rate capability for supercapacitors without the need of current collectors and binders. The film can also be wound around 0.5 mm diameter rods for fabricating full cells with high performance, showing significant potential in flexible energy storage devices.
Implementation of sensor selection and fusion using fuzzy logic (2002)

Different sensors may contain degrees of uncertainty and may be only reliable in particular situations, therefore sensor fusion and validation can be critical in complex redundant systems. This paper proposed a generic fuzzy logic algorithm for validation and fusion of uncertain sensor data. The system degrades marginal sensor data elegantly, while still removing obviously questionable data. Sensor data is represented as Gaussian curves. The sensor fusion problem is presented as determining a fused mean and standard deviation for the Gaussian of the output abstract sensor. Four variants of the fuzzy sensor fusion and validation system are presented and examined.
A flow technical scheme of urban fuel gas produced from biogas (2011)

For lack of advanced technologies,biogas can not be yet efficiently utilized as an alternative energy source in China.A simple and practical process is necessary to be developed to achieve the purpose of turning the low-value biogas into a high-value fuel gas.Hereby in this paper,according to the basic characteristics of biogas and the actual requirement of pipe gas,a process technical scheme for biogas production is thus developed adaptable for different working conditions.With this process,methane gas can be completely or partly extracted from biogas.In the light of the situation of a biogas generation site,through technological and economic analysis,the technical process is optimized.Then after the corresponding cleaning process,the methane biogas will be obtained to enter the gas pipe network directly or after being mixed with other fuel gases;on the other hand,it will be also produced as the compressed natural gas to be sold out or even the compressed biogas will be produced to be transported outward.As a result,the biogas can be utilized to the highest degree but at the lowest cost.
Photochemical strategy patterns nanoparticles (1997)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTPhotochemical strategy patterns nanoparticlesMICHAEL FREEMANTLECite this: Chem. Eng. News 1997, 75, 21, 9Publication Date (Print):May 26, 1997Publication History Published online12 November 2010Published inissue 26 May 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v075n021.p009ahttps://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v075n021.p009anewsACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyArticle Views6Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Nanoparticles Get e-Alerts
Disruption management for resource-constrained project scheduling (2004)

In this paper, we study the problem of how to react when an ongoing project is disrupted. The focus is on the resource-constrained project scheduling problem with finish–start precedence constraints. We begin by proposing a classification scheme for the different types of disruptions and then define the constraints and objectives that comprise what we call the recovery problem. The goal is to get back on track as soon as possible at minimum cost, where cost is now a function of the deviation from the original schedule. The problem is formulated as an integer linear program and solved with a hybrid mixed-inter programming/constraint programming procedure that exploits a number of special features in the constraints. The new model is significantly different from the original one due to the fact that a different set of feasibility conditions and performance requirements must be considered during the recovery process. The complexity of several special cases is analysed. To test the hybrid procedure, 554 20-activity instances were solved and the results compared with those obtained with CPLEX. Computational experiments were also conducted to determine the effects of different factors related to the recovery process.
A Discrete Hard EM Approach for Weakly Supervised Question Answering (2019)

Sewon Min, Danqi Chen, Hannaneh Hajishirzi, Luke Zettlemoyer. Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing and the 9th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (EMNLP-IJCNLP). 2019.
Regulation of Urokinase Receptor Expression by p53: Novel Role in Stabilization of uPAR mRNA (2007)

We found that p53-deficient (p53(-/-)) lung carcinoma (H1299) cells express robust levels of cell surface uPAR and uPAR mRNA. Expression of p53 protein in p53(-/-) cells suppressed basal and urokinase (uPA)-induced cell surface uPAR protein and increased uPAR mRNA degradation. Inhibition of p53 by RNA silencing in Beas2B human airway epithelial cells conversely increased basal as well as uPA-mediated uPAR expression and stabilized uPAR mRNA. Purified p53 protein specifically binds to the uPAR mRNA 3' untranslated region (3'UTR), and endogenous uPAR mRNA associates with p53. The p53 binding region involves a 37-nucleotide uPAR 3'UTR sequence, and insertion of the p53 binding sequence into beta-globin mRNA destabilized beta-globin mRNA. Inhibition of p53 expression in these cells reverses decay of chimeric beta-globin-uPAR mRNA. These observations demonstrate a novel regulatory role for p53 as a uPAR mRNA binding protein that down-regulates uPAR expression, destabilizes uPAR mRNA, and thereby contributes to the viability of human airway epithelial or lung carcinoma cells.
Virtual Credit Cards on Mobile for M-Commerce Payment (2009)

The number of credit companies has been increasing due to the directed and undirected extra incomes from credit card holders. It effects to rapid growing rate of the number of credit card holders. Each individual is holding many credit cards that are harder to manage than before. At the same time, the usage of gadget devices such as mobiles is rising to the top where everyone carries at least one mobile, especially, every credit card holder. To manage the usage of several credit cards, we proposed the prototype of Virtual Credit Cards (VCC) on mobile phone running on Android platform in our system called Mobile Credit-card with Analytical Transaction (MCAT), an alternative of the existing Point-of-Sale (POS).
Human cortical sensorimotor network underlying feedback control of vocal pitch (2013)

The control of vocalization is critically dependent on auditory feedback. Here, we determined the human peri-Sylvian speech network that mediates feedback control of pitch using direct cortical recordings. Subjects phonated while a real-time signal processor briefly perturbed their output pitch (speak condition). Subjects later heard the same recordings of their auditory feedback (listen condition). In posterior superior temporal gyrus, a proportion of sites had suppressed responses to normal feedback, whereas other spatially independent sites had enhanced responses to altered feedback. Behaviorally, speakers compensated for perturbations by changing their pitch. Single-trial analyses revealed that compensatory vocal changes were predicted by the magnitude of both auditory and subsequent ventral premotor responses to perturbations. Furthermore, sites whose responses to perturbation were enhanced in the speaking condition exhibited stronger correlations with behavior. This sensorimotor cortical network appears to underlie auditory feedback-based control of vocal pitch in humans.
Suppression of transforming growth factor-β effects in rabbit subconjunctival fibroblasts by activin receptor-like kinase 5 inhibitor. (2010)

The ALK-5 inhibitor SB-505124 was efficacious both in vitro and in vivo in suppressing the TGF-β action. The inhibitor may provide a novel therapy for preventing ocular inflammation and scarring.
Silencing of the retinoid response gene <i>TIG1</i> by promoter hypermethylation in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (2004)

Tazarotene-induced gene 1 (TIG1) and Tazarotene-induced gene 3 (TIG3) are retinoid acid (RA) target genes as well as candidate tumor suppressor genes in human cancers. In our study, we have investigated the expression of TIG1 and TIG3 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Loss of TIG1 expression was found in 80% of NPC cell lines and 33% of xenografts, whereas TIG3 was expressed in all NPC samples and immortalized nasopharyngeal epithelial cells. In order to elucidate the epigenetic silencing of TIG1 in NPC, the methylation status of TIG1 promoter was examined by genomic bisulfite sequencing and methylation-specific PCR (MSP). We have detected dense methylation of TIG1 5'CpG island in the 5 TIG1-negative NPC cell lines and xenograft (C666-1, CNE1, CNE2, HONE1 and X666). Partial methylation was observed in 1 NPC cell line HK1 showing dramatic decreased in TIG1 expression. Promoter methylation was absent in 2 TIG1-expressed NPC xenografts and the normal epithelial cells. Restoration of TIG1 expression and unmethylated alleles were observed in NPC cell lines after 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine treatment. Moreover, the methylated TIG1 sequence was detected in 39 of 43 (90.7%) primary NPC tumors by MSP. In conclusion, our results showed that TIG1 expression is lost in the majority of NPC cell lines and xenografts, while promoter hypermethylation is the major mechanism for TIG1 silencing. Furthermore, the frequent epigenetic inactivation of TIG1 in primary NPC tumors implied that it may play an important role in NPC tumorigenesis.
Synaptic connections made by axons regenerating in the central nervous system of adult mammals (1990)

The restoration of connections in the injured central nervous system (CNS) of adult mammals is hindered by the failure of axons to grow back to their natural fields of innervation. Following transection of the optic nerve of adult rodents, the guided regeneration of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons along a transplanted segment of peripheral nerve (PN) has shown that these neurones retain their capacities to form well-differentiated synapses in both normal and abnormal targets. The main aim of this review is to describe the anatomical and functional characteristics of some of these connections and to suggest that their terminal distribution and morphology may be the result of a persistence in these targets of molecular determinants that influence normal connectivity in the intact animal.
An evolutionary based discriminative system for keyword spotting (2011)

Keyword spotting refers to detection of all occurrences of any given word in a speech utterance. In this paper, we define the keyword spotting problem as a binary classification problem and propose a discriminative approach for solving it. Our approach exploits evolutionary algorithm to determine the separating hyper plane between two classes: class of sentences containing the target keywords and class of sentences which don't include the target keywords. The results on TIMIT indicate that the proposed method has good performance equal to 95.7 FOM value (average true detection rate for different false alarm per keyword per hour) and acceptable speed equal to 3.3 RTF (Real Time Factor) value.