gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dual Fluorescence Sensor for Trace Oxygen and Temperature with Unmatched Range and Sensitivity (2008)

An optical dual sensor for oxygen and temperature is presented that is highly oxygen sensitive and covers a broad temperature range. Dual sensing is based on luminescence lifetime measurements. The novel sensor contains two luminescent compounds incorporated into polymer films. The temperature-sensitive dye (ruthenium tris-1,10-phenanthroline) has a highly temperature-dependent luminescence and is incorporated in poly(acrylonitrile) to avoid cross-sensitivity to oxygen. Fullerene C70 was used as the oxygen-sensitive probe owing to its strong thermally activated delayed fluorescence at elevated temperatures that is extremely oxygen sensitive. The cross-sensitivity of C70 to temperature is accounted for by means of the temperature sensor. C70 is incorporated into a highly oxygen-permeable polymer, either ethyl cellulose or organosilica. The two luminescent probes have different emission spectra and decay times, and their emissions can be discriminated using both parameters. Spatially resolved sensing is achieved by means of fluorescence lifetime imaging. The response times of the sensor to oxygen are short. The dual sensor exhibits a temperature operation range between at least 0 and 120 degrees C, and detection limits for oxygen in the ppbv range, operating for oxygen concentrations up to at least 50 ppmv. These ranges outperform all dual oxygen and temperature sensors reported so far. The dual sensor presented in this study is especially appropriate for measurements under extreme conditions such as high temperatures and ultralow oxygen levels. This dual sensor is a key step forward in a number of scientifically or commercially important applications including food packaging, for monitoring of hyperthermophilic microorganisms, in space technology, and safety and security applications in terms of detection of oxygen leaks.
In vivo electroporation of plasmids encoding GM-CSF or interleukin-2 into existing B16 melanomas combined with electrochemotherapy induces long-term antitumour immunity (2000)

When cancer cells, including melanoma cells, are genetically altered to secrete cytokines, irradiated and injected into subjects, long-term antitumour immunity is induced. Optimally, existing melanomas induced to produce cytokines in vivo could stimulate this same immune response. Although in vivo electroporation enhances plasmid expression, electroporation of plasmids encoding granulocyte-monocyte colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-2 (IL2) into B16 mouse melanomas did not significantly alter tumour growth at the concentration tested. Electrochemotherapy, which causes short-term, complete regressions of treated tumour but no resistance to challenge, was combined with plasmid delivery. The combination treatment resulted in the induction of long-term immunity to recurrence and resistance to challenge in up to 25% of mice.
Retroviral Display of Functional Binding Domains Fused to the Amino Terminus of Influenza Hemagglutinin (1999)

We have previously shown that retroviral vector particles derived from Moloney murine leukemia virus (Mo-MuLV) can efficiently incorporate influenza hemagglutinin (HA) glycoproteins from fowl plague virus (FPV), thus conferring a broad tropism to the vectors. To modify its host range, we have engineered the FPV HA to display four different polypeptides on its N terminus: the epidermal growth factor, an anti-human MHC class I molecules scFv (single-chain antibody), an anti-melanoma antigen scFv, and an IgG Fc-binding polypeptide. All recombinant HA glycoproteins were correctly expressed and processed, and efficiently incorporated into Mo-MuLV retroviral particles, indicating that amino-terminal insertion of large polypeptides did not alter the conformation of HA chimeras. Virions carrying the different chimeras bound specifically to cells expressing the targeted cell surface molecules of each ligand. In addition, all virion types were infectious but exhibited various degrees of specificity regarding the use of the targeted cell surface molecule versus the wild-type FPV HA receptor for cell entry and infection. For some ligands tested, infectivity was significantly increased on cells that express the targeted receptor, compared with cells that express only the wild-type HA receptor. Furthermore, some polypeptides could abolish infectivity via the wild-type FPV HA receptor. Our data therefore indicate that it is possible to engineer the HA envelope glycoprotein by fusing ligands to its amino-terminal end without affecting its fusion activity.
Characterization of a unique methyl-specific restriction system in Streptomyces avermitilis (1988)

Streptomyces avermitilis contains a unique restriction system that restricts plasmid DNA containing N6-methyladenine or 5-methylcytosine. Shuttle vectors isolated from Escherichia coli RR1 or plasmids isolated from modification-proficient Streptomyces spp. cannot be directly introduced into S. avermitilis. This restriction barrier can be overcome by first transferring plasmids into Streptomyces lividans or a modification-deficient E. coli strain and then into S. avermitilis. The transformation frequency was reduced greater than 1,000-fold when plasmid DNA was modified by dam or TaqI methylases to contain N6-methyladenine or by AluI, HhaI, HphI methylases to contain 5-methylcytosine. Methyl-specific restriction appears to be common in Streptomyces spp., since either N6-methyladenine-specific or 5-methylcytosine-specific restriction was observed in seven of nine strains tested.
Synthesis of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline, the principal rice flavor component (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline, the principal rice flavor componentNorbert G. De Kimpe, Christian V. Stevens, and Marian A. KeppensCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1993, 41, 9, 1458–1461Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00033a020https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00033a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1262Altmetric-Citations47LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Cranin: a laminin-binding protein of cell membranes. (1987)

We report that a 120-kDa glycoprotein is the predominant laminin-binding protein detected within plasma membranes of rodent NG108-15 neural hybrid cells, embryonic chicken brain, and mouse 3T3 fibroblasts. This protein was detected when membrane extracts were separated by PAGE, transferred to nitrocellulose, and incubated with laminin at concentrations as low as 2.8 X 10(-11) M, under conditions of physiological ionic strength and pH and in the presence of calcium ions. It behaves as an integral membrane component, and its laminin-binding moiety is accessible to the external face of the cell surface. Moreover, it appears to bind to a site on laminin that is very sensitive to proteolysis. The properties of this protein, which we have termed "cranin," distinguish it from other known laminin receptors and make it a candidate to mediate some of the effects of laminin upon cells.
Dopamine Beta-Hydroxylase Of Adrenal Chromaffin Granules: Structure And Function (1988)

The Hippo pathway was initially discovered in Drosophila melanogaster as a key regulator of tissue growth. It is an evolutionarily conserved signaling cascade regulating numerous biological processes, including cell growth and fate decision, organ size ...Read More
Mechanical Characteristics of Rat Vibrissae: Resonant Frequencies and Damping in Isolated Whiskers and in the Awake Behaving Animal (2003)

We investigated the natural resonance properties and damping characteristics of rat macrovibrissae (whiskers). Isolated whiskers rigidly fixed at the base showed first-mode resonance peaks between 27 and 260 Hz, principally depending on whisker length. These experimentally measured resonant frequencies were matched using a theoretical model of the whisker as a conical cantilever beam, with Young's modulus as the only free parameter. The best estimate for Young's modulus was ∼3-4 GPa. Results of both vibration and impulse experiments showed that the whiskers are strongly damped, with damping ratios between 0.11 and 0.17. In the behaving animal, whiskers that deflected past an object were observed to resonate but were damped significantly more than isolated whiskers. The time course of damping varied depending on the individual whisker and the phase of the whisking cycle, which suggests that the rat may modulate biomechanical parameters that affect damping. No resonances were observed for whiskers that did not contact the object or during free whisking in air. Finally, whiskers on the same side of the face were sometimes observed to move in opposite directions over the full duration of a whisk. We discuss the potential roles of resonance during natural exploratory behavior and specifically suggest that resonant oscillations may be important in the rat's tactile detection of object boundaries.
Synthesis of spiro[2<i>H</i>‐indole‐2,1′‐1<i>H</i>‐isoindole]‐3,3′‐diones, spiro[1<i>H</i>‐isobenzofuran‐1,2′‐2<i>H</i>‐indole]‐3,3′‐diones and spiro[benzofuran‐2,1′‐isobenzofuran]‐3,3′‐diones <i>via</i> transannular reactions of eight membered ring intermediates (1998)

Abstract An auto oxidation‐rearrangement product 4 was isolated from a high dilution reaction of ninhydrin with 3,4,5‐trimethoxyaniline in water. A general synthesis of this compound and its derivatives 4–6 was devised by oxidation of tetrahydroindeno[1,2‐ b ]indol‐10‐ones 1–3 with sodium periodate to give isoindolo[2,1‐ a ]‐indole‐6,11‐diones 4–6 in good yield. Compounds 4–6 can be easily transformed into spiro[1 H ‐isobenzofuran‐1,2′‐2 H ‐indole]‐3,3′‐diones 8–10 , spiro[2 H ‐indole‐2,1′‐1 H ‐isoindole]‐3,3′‐diones 11–13 and isoindole[1,2‐ a :2′,1′‐ b ]pyrimidine‐5,15‐diones 15, 16 in high yields. Analogous reactions were performed on 3‐amino‐5a, 10a‐dihydroxybenzo[ b ]indeno[2,1‐ d ]furan‐10‐one ( 17 ) to give a dibenzoxocintrione 18 , spiro‐[benzofuran‐2,1′‐isobenzofuran]‐3,3′‐dione 19 and an isoindol‐1‐one 20 .
Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (1991)

This article critically reviews the current state of knowledge regarding the recently identified and cloned novel hormone parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP). PTHrP is produced by tumors associated with the syndrome of humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy giving rise to the parathyroid hormone (PTH)-like symptoms characteristic of the syndrome. Areas that will be reviewed include identification, purification and cloning, localization, actions, and significance of PTHrP in cancers and normal physiology. The structure and regulation of the PTHrP gene that may be ancestrally related to the PTH gene will also be discussed. Studies in vivo and in vitro with synthetic and recombinant PTHrP sequences and antibodies developed against them have established that the PTH-like actions of PTHrP are mediated via the N-terminal sequences, which show some limited sequence homology with PTH. Evidence for PTH and non-PTH-like actions of PTHrP in normal physiology, which implicate a role for PTHrP in fetal and neonatal development, is also presented.
Asymmetric alkylation reactions of chiral imide enolates. A practical approach to the enantioselective synthesis of .alpha.-substituted carboxylic acid derivatives (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAsymmetric alkylation reactions of chiral imide enolates. A practical approach to the enantioselective synthesis of .alpha.-substituted carboxylic acid derivativesD. A. Evans, M. D. Ennis, and D. J. MathreCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1982, 104, 6, 1737–1739Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00370a050https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00370a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views13432Altmetric-Citations927LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Supramolecular Catalysis of the Enantiodifferentiating [4 + 4] Photocyclodimerization of 2-Anthracenecarboxylate by γ-Cyclodextrin (2002)

2-Anthracenecarboxylic acid (AC) makes a very stable 1:2 inclusion complex with gamma-cyclodextrin (gamma-CDx) (K(1) = 161 +/- 25 M(-1), K(2) = 38 500 +/- 3300 M(-1) at 25 degrees C). The formation of the 1:2 inclusion complex accelerated the photocyclodimerization of AC. The 1:2 inclusion could be clearly verified by UV-vis, CD, and (1)H NMR spectroscopies. Although these spectroscopies provide little information about the structural isomers of the inclusion complex, there should be several structural isomers of the 1:2 inclusion complex which have a different longitudinal orientation of the guest molecules in the cavity. The isomer distribution of the photodimerization product primarily depends on the population of these orientational isomers of the 1:2 inclusion complex in the ground state before photoreaction, because, in the lifetime of the excited singlet state, exchanging the orientation is impossible. The enantioselectivity of the photodimerization originates from the difference in the stability of the diastereomeric pair of orientational isomers of the 1:2 inclusion complex in the ground state, which are the precursors of the enantiomers of a specific chiral cyclodimer. The ee of a chiral cyclodimer 2 was 32% at 25 degrees C and was enhanced by lowering the temperature to 41% at 0 degrees C. This is the highest value reported for the asymmetric photodimerization in solution.
Food Packaging: Principles and Practice, Second Edition (2005)

Food Packaging: Principles and Practice, Third Edition presents a comprehensive and accessible discussion of food packaging principles and their applications. Integrating concepts from chemistry, microbiology, and engineering, it continues in the tradition of its bestselling predecessors and has been completely revised to include new, updated, and
Liquid crystals for active matrix displays (1989)

Abstract Active matrix liquid crystal displays belong to one of the fastest growing fields in display research and development. Several pocket TVs using this technology are already available commercially. High quality displays for TV and instrumentation require an understanding and optimization of liquid crystal material parameters. We have, therefore, investigated the influence of the elastic, dielectric and optic properties on the electrical resistance of the liquid crystal as well as on the response times and the viewing angle dependence of active matrix displays. Based on correlations derived from our investigations, we have developed new liquid crystals which have suitable properties and a very high electrical resistivity.
A state traversal algorithm using a state covariance matrix (1993)

Article A state traversal algorithm using a state covariance matrix Share on Authors: Akira Motohara View Profile , Toshinori Hosokawa View Profile , Michiaki Muraoka View Profile , Hidetsugu Maekawa View Profile , Kazuhiro Kayashima View Profile , Yasuharu Shimeki View Profile , Seichi Shin View Profile Authors Info & Claims DAC '93: Proceedings of the 30th international Design Automation ConferenceJuly 1993 Pages 97–101https://doi.org/10.1145/157485.164590Online:01 July 1993Publication History 7citation198DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations7Total Downloads198Last 12 Months1Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
In vivo UV cross-linking of U snRNAs that participate in trypanosome trans-splicing. (1991)

The maturation of mRNAs in Trypanosoma brucei involves a trans-splicing reaction whereby the 5' 39 nucleotides of a small RNA, called the spliced leader (SL) RNA, are joined with a pre-mRNA transcript. The trans-splicing reaction appears mechanistically similar to cis-splicing of nuclear pre-mRNAs, and homologs of the U2, U4, and U6 snRNAs are required for the process. In the work presented here, potential RNA-RNA interactions between the SL RNA and the U snRNAs of trypanosomes were examined by UV light induction of RNA-RNA cross-links in vivo. We detected cross-linkage between U2 and U6 RNAs and, as might be expected, between the trypanosome U4 and U6 RNAs. The latter contain extensive sequence complementarity and are thought to exist predominantly in a single RNP. We also detected an SL RNA species following in vivo UV treatment, which may represent either an intramolecular cross-link in the SL RNA or a cross-link formed between the SL RNA and an as yet unidentified small RNA. Mapping of the cross-link position between U2 and U6 RNAs is consistent with base-pairing between the 5' domain of U2 and the 3' end of U6 RNA. These results reveal the existence, in vivo, of cognate RNA-RNA interactions in the RNA homologs that participate in trans-splicing in trypanosomes and cis-splicing in other eukaryotes.
Black Health's long shadow (2012)

Everyone agrees that there has been a steady improvement in child mortality, but it's too early however to see what the impact of the Closing the Gap programs has been. The 2012 Report only tells us what was happening up until 2008, but funds only started to flow in relatively small amounts in 2009/10, and have built up since then. But are we ''on track'' at least as far as child mortality is concerned? Measurement of indigenous mortality is fraught with difficulties. And whether we're on track or not is not simply a question of drawing a straight line between where we are now and where we want to be some time in the future. It takes some years to roll out a program, and then there is often a further period before the impact of the program can be seen in terms of better health outcomes. So it may not be until say 2013-14 that we could be in a position to assess the early effects of major initiatives commenced under Closing the Gap.
Release of lymphokines after infection with Epstein Barr virus in vitro. II. A monocyte-dependent inhibitor of interleukin 1 downregulates the production of interleukin 2 and interferon-<i>gamma</i> in rheumatoid arthritis. (1986)

Epstein Barr virus (EBV)-infection of normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in vitro induces IFN-alpha secretion from B cell and natural killer (NK) cell populations, and IFN-gamma secretion from T cells. IFN-gamma depends on prior elaboration of IL 2 and IL 1 that originates from monocytes and NK cells. PBMC from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients released moderately elevated levels of IFN-alpha (236 +/- 62 U/ml vs 168 +/- 34 in normals). In contrast, IFN-gamma was significantly lower in RA (88 +/- 34 U/ml vs 209 +/- 32) with an associated deficit in IL 2. A monocyte-dependent factor was shown to be responsible for this deficit, since monocyte depletion of RA cultures normalized the levels of IL 2 and IFN-gamma. Significantly lower levels of IL 1 activity were present in the supernatants of RA PBMC cultures as compared with normal cultures, and this was shown to be associated with presence of a nondialyzable IL 1 inhibitor. This inhibitor was capable of preventing the IL 1-dependent synthesis of IL 2 and IFN-gamma by normal PBMC. Exogenous IL 1 or IL 2 restored the deficient IFN-gamma secretion in RA PBMC. Thus, the deficient ability of RA lymphocytes to control EBV infection may be secondary to impairment of a monocyte-T cell interaction at the level of IL 1.
Characterization of a Proapoptotic Antiganglioside GM2 Monoclonal Antibody and Evaluation of Its Therapeutic Effect on Melanoma and Small Cell Lung Carcinoma Xenografts (2005)

Monoclonal antibodies have begun to show great clinical promise for the treatment of cancer. Antibodies that can directly affect a tumor cell's growth and/or survival are of particular interest for immunotherapy. Previously, we described monoclonal antibody DMF10.62.3 that had antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects when it bound an antigen of unknown identity on tumor cells in vitro. In this report, we determined that DMF10.62.3 and a clonally related antibody DMF10.167.4 recognize the ganglioside GM2. These antibodies react with a GM2 epitope that is expressed on a large number of tumor cell lines, including human melanoma and small cell lung carcinoma, but not on normal primary lines or most normal tissues. Interestingly, this pattern of cellular reactivity is distinct from that reported for other previously described GM2 antibodies, a difference that is presumably due to DMF10.167.4's binding to a unique GM2-associated epitope. Additional characterization of DMF10.167.4 revealed that this antibody was able to induce apoptosis and/or block cellular proliferation when cultured in vitro with the human Jurkat T lymphoma, CHL-1 melanoma, and SBC-3 small cell lung carcinoma lines. In vivo, DMF10.167.4 antibody was well tolerated in mice and did not detectably bind to or damage normal tissues. However, this antibody was able to prevent murine E710.2.3 lymphoma, human CHL-1 melanoma, and SBC-3 small cell lung carcinoma lines from establishing tumors in vivo and blocked progression of established CHL-1 and SBC-3 tumors in vivo. Therefore, monoclonal antibody DMF10.167.4 has immunotherapeutic potential.