gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Block of N-methyl-D-aspartate-activated current by the anticonvulsant MK-801: selective binding to open channels. (1988)

Whole-cell and single-channel recording techniques were used to study the action of the anticonvulsant drug MK-801 [(+)-5-methyl-10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d]- cyclohepten-5,10-imine maleate) on responses to excitatory amino acids in rat neocortical neurons in cell culture. MK-801 caused a progressive, long-lasting blockade of current induced by N-methyl-D-aspartate (N-Me-D-Asp). However, during the time that N-Me-D-Asp responses were inhibited, there was no effect on responses to quisqualate or kainate, suggesting that N-Me-D-Asp receptors and kainate/quisqualate receptors open separate populations of ion channels. Binding and unbinding of MK-801 seems to be possible only if the N-Me-D-Asp-operated channel is in the transmitter-activated state: MK-801 was effective only when applied simultaneously with N-Me-D-Asp, and recovery from MK-801 blockade was speeded by continuous exposure to N-Me-D-Asp [time constant (tau) approximately equal to 90 min at -70 to -80 mV]. Recovery from block during continuous application of N-Me-D-Asp was strongly voltage dependent, being faster at positive potentials (tau approximately equal to 2 min at +30 mV). Mg2+, which is thought to block the N-Me-D-Asp-activated ion channel, inhibited blockade by MK-801 at negative membrane potentials. In single-channel recordings from outside-out patches. MK-801 greatly reduced the channel activity elicited by application of N-Me-D-Asp but did not significantly alter the predominant unitary conductance. Consistent with an open-channel blocking mechanism, the mean channel open time was reduced by MK-801 in a dose-dependent manner.
CoReL: Policy-Based and Model-Driven Regulatory Compliance Management (2011)

Regulatory compliance management is now widely recognized as one of the main challenges still to be efficiently dealt with in information systems. In the discipline of business process management in particular, compliance is considered as an important driver of the efficiency, reliability and market value of companies. It consists of ensuring that enterprise systems behave according to some guidance provided in the form of regulations. This paper gives a definition of the research problem of regulatory compliance. We show why we expect a formal policy-based and model-driven approach to provide significant advantages in allowing enterprises to flexibly manage decision-making related to regulatory compliance. For this purpose, we contribute CoReL, a domain-specific modeling language for representing compliance requirements that has a graphical concrete syntax. Informal semantics of CoReL are introduced and its use is illustrated on an example. CoReL allows to leverage business process compliance modeling and checking, enhancing it with regard to, among other dimensions, user-friendliness, genericity, and traceability.
Bleeding complications associated with cardiopulmonary bypass (1990)

Bleeding after CPB has been difficult to characterize and its treatment equally difficult to standardize. The complexity of this problem is related to the hemostatic process, the technical variations in the operative procedures, and the many uncontrolled variables associated with CPB, including the effects of anesthetic or pharmacologic agents, the nature of the priming solution, hemodilution, hypothermia, the type of oxygenator, and the use of transfused blood products. Although there are multiple and generally predictable complex changes in the hemostatic mechanism during CPB, the temporary loss of platelet function is the most common and clinically relevant. This transient platelet dysfunction occurs in all patients undergoing CPB; however, it only causes excessive bleeding in a small percentage of patients. Unfortunately, it has not yet been possible to predict which patients will develop hemorrhagic complications, although prolonged pump times are a contributing risk factor. Over the past decade there has been extensive investigation into the management of bleeding associated with CPB, provoked primarily by the increased awareness of transfusion-transmitted viral diseases and the inappropriately excessive use of homologous blood products. Several approaches to autotransfusion of shed blood and autologus blood donation have been developed to minimize perioperative homologous blood transfusion. Pharmacologic agents such as desmopressin, aprotinin, and topical fibrin glues have also been introduced to improve hemostasis during CPB. The protease inhibitor aprotinin is particularly promising in the reduction of bleeding associated with CPB when given prophylactically. Aprotinin may provide new insights into the mechanism of CPB-induced platelet dysfunction. Desmopressin is indicated only for the treatment of bleeding after CPB. The management of bleeding associated with CPB will undoubtedly
Copolymerization of Polar Monomers with Olefins Using Transition-Metal Complexes (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCopolymerization of Polar Monomers with Olefins Using Transition-Metal ComplexesLisa S. Boffa and Bruce M. NovakView Author Information ExxonMobil Research & Engineering Company, Corporate Strategic Research, Clinton Township, Route 22 East, Annandale, New Jersey 08801 Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695 Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2000, 100, 4, 1479–1494Publication Date (Web):March 24, 2000Publication History Received17 September 1999Published online24 March 2000Published inissue 1 April 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr990251uhttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr990251uresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views7814Altmetric-Citations867LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Alkyls,Catalysts,Copolymerization,Hydrocarbons,Monomers Get e-Alerts
Sequences of the VH and VL regions of murine monoclonal antibodies against 3-fucosyllactosamine. (1988)

Many mAb that bind the carbohydrate antigenic determinant 3-fucosyl-lactosamine (3-FL), Gal beta 1-4[Fuc alpha-3]GlcNAc-R have been raised in BALB/c mice, and we are studying the structure and regulation of these antibodies. In this report, we present the first information about their amino acid sequences and the Ig gene segments used to encode them. V regions of the H and L chains of three anti-3-FL antibodies, PMN6, PMN29, and PM81, were sequenced by a combination of mRNA and amino acid sequencing. The L chain sequences of PMN6 and PM81 antibodies indicate that their VK and JK regions are encoded by VK24B and JK1 germ-line genes, respectively. The nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the H chains suggest that the three anti-3-FL antibodies are encoded by the VH441 gene segment of the X24 VH family, and this conclusion was supported by Southern filter hybridization with VH441 and JH3-JH4 probes. PMN29 has at least 11 amino acid substitutions, which is an unusually large amount of somatic mutation for an IgM antibody. Previous analyses of BALB/c genomic libraries with VHX24 and VH441 probes make it unlikely that this VH family contains additional germ-line genes, but this possibility cannot be excluded. All three antibodies use the DQ52 and JH4 gene segments. The single VH and VL gene segments used to encode the anti-3-FL antibodies is in contrast to the multiple VH and VL segments used by antibodies against other carbohydrate Ag such as alpha 1-6 dextran and group A streptococcal carbohydrate. VH441 also encodes the VH regions of antibodies against galactan and levan (beta 2-6 fructosan). The similarities among VH segments of antibodies against 3-FL, levan, and galactan, and the striking differences in their CDR3 sequences, suggest that CDR3 plays an important role in the formation of the Ag binding site. The use of a single VH segment from the smallest VH gene family by antibodies against at least three different carbohydrate determinants is noteworthy. It raises the possibility that the amino acid sequence encoded by VH441 has some general structural features that make it particularly well adapted for binding to carbohydrate sequences.
Block-based segmentation and adaptive coding for visually lossless compression of scanned documents (2002)

This paper presents a novel block-based segmentation and adaptive coding (BSAC) algorithm for visually lossless compression of scanned documents that contain not only photographic images but also text and graphic images. For such a compound image source, we structure the image into nonoverlapping blocks and classify each block into four different classes based on the empirical statistics within the block. Different coding strategies are applied to different classes in order to achieve the very best compression performance. Our new block-based image coder is able to provide visually lossless compression of scanned documents at the bit rate of around 1/spl sim/1.5 bpp with modest computational complexity and very low memory requirement.
Pannorin, a new 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme a reductase inhibitor produced by Chrysosporium pannorum. (1991)

Pannorin, a naphthopyrone that inhibits 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol synthesis, was isolated from a culture broth of Chrysosporium pannorum M10539 by solvent extraction, Bio-Gel P-6 column chromatography and reverse phase HPLC (Silica ODS). Spectroscopic analyses of the compound yielded 4,8,10-trihydroxy-5-methyl-2H-naphtho[1,2-b]pyran-2-one as the proposed structure. Pannorin inhibited HMG-CoA reductase and in vitro sterol synthesis 50% at a concentration of 160 microM.
A Study of the Performance Potential for Dynamic Instruction Hints Selection (2009)

Abstract. Instruction hints have become an important way to communicate compile-time information to the hardware. They can be generated by the compiler and the post-link optimizer to reduce cache misses, improve branch prediction and minimize other performance bottlenecks. This paper discusses different instruction hints available on modern processor architectures and shows the potential performance impact on many benchmark programs. Some hints can be effectively selected at compile time with profile feedback. However, since the same program executable can behave differently on various inputs and performance bottlenecks may change on different micro-architectures, significant performance opportunities can be exploited by selecting instruction hints dynamically. 1
Early Complications of High-Dose Methylprednisolone Sodium Succinate Treatment in the Follow-Up of Acute Cervical Spinal Cord Injury (2001)

Aged patients with cervical spinal injury may be more likely to have pulmonary side effects (P = 0.029) after high-dose therapy with MPSS and thus deserve special care.
Supramolecular Stacking of Doxorubicin on Carbon Nanotubes for In Vivo Cancer Therapy (2009)

The evidence is stacking up: Many therapeutic advantages such as prolonged circulation in the blood, increased tumor drug uptake, enhanced therapeutic efficacy, and markedly reduced toxic side effects are provided by a carbon nanotube based chemotherapeutic formulation (see picture). In this system, doxorubicin (DOX) is loaded onto the sidewalls of functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes by supramolecular π–π stacking.
NRF2 and p53: Januses in cancer? (2012)

The transcription factor nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2, also known as NFE2L2 or NRF2, is a master regulator of the anti-oxidative stress response and positively controls the expression of a battery of anti-oxidative stress response proteins and enzymes implicated in detoxification and glutathione generation. Although its detoxifying activity is important in cancer prevention, it has recently been shown that cancer cells also exploit its protective functions to thrive and resist chemotherapy. NRF2 was also shown to the pentose phosphate pathway and glutaminolysis, which promotes purine synthesis for supporting rapid proliferation and glutathione for providing anti-oxidative stress protection. Evidence obtained from cancer patients and cell lines suggest that NRF2 is highly active in a variety of human cancers and is associated with aggressiveness. p53 is a tumor suppressor that also promotes an anti-oxidative stress metabolic program and glutaminolysis. Here we will discuss the similarities between NRF2 and p53 and review evidence that p53 might be exploited by cancer cells to gain protection against oxidative stress, as is the case for NRF2. We discuss findings of co-regulation between these transcription factors and propose possible therapeutic strategies that can be used for treatment of cancers that harbor WT p53 and express high levels of NRF2.
Computer Graphics Research Laboratory (1994)

Abstract : This final report includes descriptions of research projects underway in the Computer Graphics Research Lab at the University of Pennsylvania from 9/1/90 through 8/31/91 involving human body modeling and simulation.
High reflectivity electrofluidic pixels with zero-power grayscale operation (2010)

Electrofluidic display pixels are demonstrated with zero-power grayscale operation for 3 months and with &amp;gt;70% reflectance. The color of the pixel is changed as electrowetting moves the pigment dispersion between a top and bottom channel. When voltage is removed, a near zero Laplace pressure and a hysteresis pressure of 0.11 kN/m2 stabilizes the position. For 450 μm pixels, an electromechanical pressure of 1.4 kN/m2 moves the pigment dispersion at a speed of ∼2650 μm/s. The predicted switching speed for ∼150 μm pixels is consistent with video rate operation (20 ms). The geometrically sophisticated pixel structure is fabricated with only simple photolithography and wet chemical processing.
Hypersecretion of Mucin in Response to Inflammatory Mediators by Guinea Pig Tracheal Epithelial Cells In Vitro is Blocked by Inhibition of Nitric Oxide Synthase (1995)

Primary cultures of guinea pig tracheal epithelial cells in air/liquid interface were exposed to one of four agents associated with airway inflammation: the peptide histamine (100 microM), the lipid mediator platelet-activating factor (1 microM), the cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (15 ng/ml; specific activity 2.86 x 10(7) U/mg), or enzymatically generated reactive oxygen species (purine [500 microM]+xanthine oxidase [20 mU/ml]). Effects of each of these substances on release of mucin by guinea pig tracheal epithelial (GPTE) cells were measured using a monoclonal antibody-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Each secretagogue significantly enhanced release of mucin, but the stimulatory effect of each was inhibited by pre-(+)co-incubation of the cells with the competitive inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMA), but not by NG-monomethyl-D-arginine (D-NMA), the inactive stereoisomer that does not inhibit nitric oxide synthase. Neither L-NMA nor D-NMA affected mucin secretion by themselves. The results suggest that each of these inflammation-associated mediators provokes airway epithelial mucin secretion via a mechanism involving intracellular production of nitric oxide (NO) as a critical signaling molecule.
Implementation and evaluation of an approach for extracting feature models from documented UML use case diagrams (2015)

Software product lines (SPL) aim at facing the increasing costs of software products by reusing core assets of existing products in a given domain. They are often described using feature models which, as we proposed in a previous work, can be built from possibly incomplete, documented UML use case diagrams assets using the Formal Concept Analysis method, semantic model and trigger model. In order to evaluate this approach, we present in this paper the UC2FM-tool which automates all its steps. In addition, we report on a comparison of the values of quality metrics of feature models produced by our approach with those of existing feature models built by experts for five different domains.
Patterning hydrogels in three dimensions towards controlling cellular interactions (2010)

The 3-dimensional (3D) interaction between cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) constitutes a dynamic regulatory system for directing tissue formation and homeostasis, as well as regeneration in response to injury. As such, significant progress has been made in the field of tissue engineering to develop 3D hydrogels capable of promoting cell viability and many of these important ECM interactions. However, the spatial patterning of hydrogels in 3D, motivated by the microscale heterogeneity of native tissue architectures, has only recently been a focus. Here, we review efforts to date to engineer structurally and/or biochemically patterned 3D hydrogels to control cellular behavior for regenerative medicine applications. Such techniques can be separated into two categories: stereolithographic “bottom-up” methods that pattern structures during layer-by-layer fabrication and post-gelation techniques involving modification of a uniform, pre-formed hydrogel. Many techniques in each group are further compatible with cell encapsulation, providing a valuable set of models for studying cell-cell signaling or for the engineering of new tissues.
Sensor Saturation Compensated Smoothing Algorithm for Inertial Sensor Based Motion Tracking (2014)

In this paper, a smoothing algorithm for compensating inertial sensor saturation is proposed. The sensor saturation happens when a sensor measures a value that is larger than its dynamic range. This can lead to a considerable accumulated error. To compensate the lost information in saturated sensor data, we propose a smoothing algorithm in which the saturation compensation is formulated as an optimization problem. Based on a standard smoothing algorithm with zero velocity intervals, two saturation estimation methods were proposed. Simulation and experiments prove that the proposed methods are effective in compensating the sensor saturation.
Pseudo-orthogonal multibeam-time transmit diversity for OFDM-CDMA (2003)

This paper proposes using a quasi-orthogonal (QO) full-rate space-time block code (STBC) and a fixed multibeam transmit array with low sidelobes for orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing code-division multiple access (OFDM-CDMA) downlink transmission. The proposed beam-time transmit diversity orthogonalizes signals between adjoining beams with a QO-STBC and suppresses unorthogonalized signals between separated beams with beam forming. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme retains orthogonality in narrow angular spread environments and provides two-beam diversity combining when a user is located between beams. In addition, the proposed scheme can alleviate multiuser interference (MUI) by allocating several users into different symbols in a QO-STBC matrix while assigning them all to the same spreading code.
Microtubule-associated Protein 1B (MAP1B) Is Required for Dendritic Spine Development and Synaptic Maturation (2011)

Microtubule-associated protein 1B (MAP1B) is prominently expressed during early stages of neuronal development, and it has been implicated in axonal growth and guidance. MAP1B expression is also found in the adult brain in areas of significant synaptic plasticity. Here, we demonstrate that MAP1B is present in dendritic spines, and we describe a decrease in the density of mature dendritic spines in neurons of MAP1B-deficient mice that was accompanied by an increase in the number of immature filopodia-like protrusions. Although these neurons exhibited normal passive membrane properties and action potential firing, AMPA receptor-mediated synaptic currents were significantly diminished. Moreover, we observed a significant decrease in Rac1 activity and an increase in RhoA activity in the post-synaptic densities of adult MAP1B(+/-) mice when compared with wild type controls. MAP1B(+/-) fractions also exhibited a decrease in phosphorylated cofilin. Taken together, these results indicate a new and important role for MAP1B in the formation and maturation of dendritic spines, possibly through the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton. This activity of MAP1B could contribute to the regulation of synaptic activity and plasticity in the adult brain.
Observation of an even-denominator quantum number in the fractional quantum Hall effect (1987)

An even-denominator rational quantum number has been observed in the Hall resistance of a two-dimensional electron system. At partial filling of the second Landau level \ensuremath{\nu}=2+(1/2= 5) / 2 and at temperatures below 100 mK, a fractional Hall plateau develops at ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\rho}}}_{\mathrm{xy}}$=(h/${\mathrm{e}}^{2}$)/(5/2 defined to better than 0.5%. Equivalent even-denominator quantization is absent in the lowest Landau level under comparable conditions.
Transfer of the MSH2·MSH6 Complex from Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen to Mispaired Bases in DNA (2002)

Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is thought to play a role in DNA mismatch repair at the DNA synthesis step as well as in an earlier step. Studies showing that PCNA interacts with mispair-binding protein complexes, MSH2.MSH3 and MSH2.MSH6, and that PCNA enhances MSH2.MSH6 mispair binding specificity suggest PCNA may be involved in mispair recognition. Here we show that PCNA and MSH2.MSH6 form a stable ternary complex with a homoduplex (G/C) DNA, but MSH2.MSH6 binding to a heteroduplex (G/T) DNA disrupts MSH2.MSH6 binding to PCNA. We also found that the addition of ATP or adenosine 5'-O-(thiotriphosphate) restores MSH2.MSH6 binding to PCNA, presumably by disrupting MSH2.MSH6 binding to the heteroduplex (G/T) DNA. These results support a model in which MSH2.MSH6 binds to PCNA loaded on newly replicated DNA and is transferred from PCNA to mispaired bases in DNA.
An Unwanted Past: contemporary tourism and the heritage of communism in Romania (2000)

This paper considers how the legacy of communism and revolution has become the focus of interest among Western tourists in post-communist Bucharest. It argues that 'communist heritage' tourism - the consumption of key sights and sites associated with the Ceausescu regime and its overthrow - has emerged as a particular form of cultural or heritage tourism for special interest tourists. However, this is a heritage which is defined and constructed entirely outside Romania. Within Romania itself there is understandably little desire to remember the period of communist rule, and the legacy of this period is powerfully dissonant with the country's post-communist aspirations. Consequently, as a consideration of two case studies illustrates, there is no concern to interpret the legacy of communism for tourists; instead there is an attempt to deny or airbrush out this period of the country's history.