gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Airborne EM Applied to Sulphide Nickel - Examples and Analysis (2001)

Exploration for nickel sulphides has often involved the application of airborne electromagnetic data. Some of the early successes of the technique were in Canada in the 1950s, detecting shallow massive sulphides in highly resistive host stratigraphies. As exploration for deeper deposits under cover proliferates, a comparison of different systems and an analysis of the depth of penetration of these systems is required.An examination of field data from three known nickel sulphide deposits shows that the target anomalies are all above the noise level except where shielded by a flat-lying conductor. Using the geological models for each deposit, forward modelling was applied to determine that the ore bodies chosen for this study could be buried deeper before the system used would cease to be an effective exploration tool. Forward modelling also shows that all methods examined are able to identify the target. Systems with lower base frequency and wider transmitter pulse give the best results.
Production and characterization of an analog of acidic fibroblast growth factor with enhanced stability and biological activity (1993)

We have used recombinant DNA methods to produce two forms of bovine acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF), one with alanine substituted for the cysteine at position 47 and the other with the Ala47 change plus the substitution of glycine for the naturally occurring histidine at position 93. Both forms were expressed at high levels in Escherichia coli and purified to near homogeneity by solubilization of the inclusion bodies containing the aFGF, ion exchange chromatography, refolding of the protein and hydrophobic interaction chromatography. Circular dichroic and infrared spectra suggested that the proteins are similar in secondary and tertiary structures and contain little or no alpha-helical conformations. Hydrophobic interaction chromatography showed that aFGF C47A/H93G is slightly more hydrophobic than the aFGF C47A form, suggesting that residue 93 is exposed to the solvent. Half-maximal activity in an in vitro bioassay system was reached at a 10- to 20-fold lower dose for the aFGF C47A/H93G form than for the aFGF C47A form, suggesting that alteration of this residue has an effect on the region responsible for receptor binding. Addition of 50 micrograms/ml heparin enhanced the in vitro activity of the aFGFs, reducing the half-maximal dose to approximately 100 pg/ml for both forms, comparable to that observed previously for basic FGF with or without heparin in this assay system.
The constitution of the cambium, the new wood and the mature sapwood of the common ash, the common elm and the Scotch pine (1940)

Research Article| July 01 1940 The constitution of the cambium, the new wood and the mature sapwood of the common ash, the common elm and the Scotch pine Allan Allsopp; Allan Allsopp 1The Department of Botany, The University of Leeds Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Parasuram Misra Parasuram Misra 1The Department of Botany, The University of Leeds Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1940) 34 (7): 1078–1084. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0341078 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation Allan Allsopp, Parasuram Misra; The constitution of the cambium, the new wood and the mature sapwood of the common ash, the common elm and the Scotch pine. Biochem J 1 July 1940; 34 (7): 1078–1084. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0341078 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1940 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS1940 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Cardiac Effects of Secretin; an Approach to its Mechanisms of Action as Shown by Beta-Adrenergic Blockade and Measurement of Left Ventricular Dimensions in Dogs (1989)

In previous studies, the peptide secretin has demonstrated the ability to increase cardiac output and peripheral organ flow. In this investigation the mechanisms of the myocardial effects of secretin were studied. The secretin effects on cardiac output, stroke volume and systemic resistance were unaltered after propranolol, whereas the effect on LVdP/dt was reduced and the heart rate effect negligible. Systemic pressure, myocardial blood flow and myocardial oxygen consumption were unchanged by secretin infusion both before and after beta-receptor blockade. Secretin caused reduction of all three end-systolic left ventricular diameters. Thus, an inotropic effect by secretin was confirmed. Beta-receptor blockade reduced the inotropic effect and almost abolished the chronotropic effect, whereas the vasodilating effect was unaltered. The main haemodynamic effect of secretin was caused by activation of receptors other than the beta-adrenergic receptors.
Cyborg Technology—Biomimetic Orthotic and Prosthetic Technology (2017)

A long-standing goal of engineering is to exploit the unique designs of the body, to guide the development of anthropomorphic artificial appendages that exhibit humanlike stability, strength, and speed in a variety of natural environments. Although tremendous technological progress has been made since the days of the wooden peg leg, contemporary orthotic and prosthetic (O&P) limbs cannot yet perform as well as their biological counterparts, whether in terms of stability, fatigue-life or speed [Popovic and Sinkjaer, 2000]. However, in the next several decades, continued advances in human-machine neural interfaces, musclelike actuators, and biomimetic humanoid control schemes may result in dramatic improvements in the quality of life of the physically challenged. In this chapter, we review key research areas relevant to the O&P field. By way of case studies, we describe both artificial and actin-myosin–based muscle actuators, control methodologies that exploit principles of biological movement, and device architectures that resemble the body’s own skeletal design.We limit our discussions to external devices that attach to human arms and legs and are specifically designed for human rehabilitation. Orthoses that attach in parallel to human limbs for the treatment of limb dysfunction, and prostheses that attach in series to limbs for the treatment of limb amputation are described. After completing the chapter, you will know the brief history of O&P appendages, from the crude peg leg used by the Romans to contemporary microprocessor-controlled artificial limbs. You will also learn of research areas that are actively being studied that may prove critical to the next generation of O&P technology.
Quantitative hybridization-arrant of mRNA In<i>Xenopus</i>oocytes using single-tiranded coanplementary DNA or ollgonudeotlde probes (1985)

The expression of heterologous mRNA in Xenopus oocytes was quantitatively inhibited by coinjection of single-stranded complementary DNA or synthetic complementary oligonucleotides. The lymphokines Interleukin-2 (IL-2) and Interleukin-3 (IL-3) were used as model systems to test the effectiveness of this procedure. Messenger RNA samples were hybridized to single stranded complementary DNA or oligonucleotides, injected into oocytes and the oocyte incubation medium assayed for the presence or absence of specific translation products 48 hours later. When IL-2 mRNA was hybridized to a large excess of long (490 bases) single stranded complementary DNA, the expression of IL-2 was effectively blocked (greater than 98%). Complementary oligonucleotides (18-23 bases) were almost as effective as the polynucleotide in inhibiting IL-2 activity (greater than 95%). Oligonucleotides derived from the 5' end, middle or 3' end of the coding sequence were all effective in arresting IL-2 mRNA translation. Oligonucleotide hybrid-arrest was effective even when no NaCl was present in the hybridization buffer, indicating that the annealing reaction could occur within the oocyte after injection. Definite proof that hybrid-arrest could occur in vivo was shown by the fact that oligonucleotides injected before or after mRNA injection, while not as effective as co-injection, still showed substantial inhibition of specific mRNA translation. The oligonucleotide hybrid-arrest method was equally effective in the case of IL-3, demonstrating its general applicability.
Template-directed colloidal self-assembly – the route to ‘top-down’ nanochemical engineering (2004)

This article gives an overview of recent progress in template-directed colloidal self-assembly. We first highlight colloidal crystallization and clustering guided by using lithographic patterns as templates. Secondly, we also outline current efforts on binary colloidal crystallization, paving a way to direct self-assembly of colloids by templating with colloidal assemblies. Finally, the use of colloidal spheres as templates to direct the self-assembly of colloids is also outlined.
Influence of Depth-Inhomogeneity of Lifetime in Silicon Solar Cells (2002)

It is usually assumed that the bulk lifetime is constant throughout a silicon wafer. In this paper, we show that as a result of contamination and gettering processes during solar cell fabrication, lifetime-killing impurity profiles can be nonhomogeneous throughout the wafer, producing a nonuniform lifetime profile that can have a relevant effect on the behavior of solar cells. The existence of steep nonhomogeneous impurity profiles is predicted by simulations of gettering processes in silicon. Solar cell equations are solved for nonuniform lifetime profiles, showing that their electrical performance cannot be accurately described using a constant lifetime model. © 2002 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Novel carbon-fiber microelectrode batch fabrication using a 3D-printed mold and polyimide resin (2016)

Glass insulated carbon-fiber microelectrodes (CFMEs) are standard tools for the measurement of neurotransmitters. However, electrodes are fabricated individually and the glass can shatter, limiting application in higher order mammals. Here, we developed a novel microelectrode batch fabrication method using a 3D-printed mold and polyimide resin insulating agent. The 3D-printed mold is low cost, customizable to change the electrode shape, and allows 40 electrodes to be made simultaneously. The polyimide resin is biocompatible, quick to cure, and does not adhere to the plastic mold. The electrodes were tested for the response to dopamine with fast-scan cyclic voltammetry both in vitro and in vivo and performed similarly to traditional glass-insulated electrodes, but with lower background currents. Thus, polyimide-insulated electrodes can be mass-produced using a 3D-printed mold and are an attractive alternative for making cheap, biocompatible microelectrodes.
A traffic control method for service quality assurance in an ATM network (1994)

The authors describe an ATM traffic control method to avoid both long-term and short-term congestion. Call admission control and policing based on user-specified traffic parameters have mainly been studied as ways to avoid long-term congestion. However, these control methods are not practical since it is difficult for users to specify accurate values of traffic parameters that include the effects of cell collision controllers and multiplexers in the customer premises network. In order to solve the problem, they propose an intelligent call admission control method. This method consists of a function to determine user's traffic parameters by monitoring the cell traffic flow of each service and a function to statistically predict long-term congestion by using Gaussian and Poisson distributions. They show that congestion can be predicted by deriving the peak, average, and variation. They also describe how to derive traffic parameters and determine their values. To avoid short-term congestion, we propose reactive control, which drops cells with lower cell loss priority when congestion occurs, and we show the buffer construction and buffer control algorithm used to achieve this. Computer simulations prove that their control strategy is effective for cell toss sensitive services such as VBR (variable bit rate) video service.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Ultrafast polarisation-independent all-optical switching using a polarisation diversity scheme in the nonlinear optical loop mirror (1992)

Polarisation-independent 32 to 8 Gbit/s demultiplexing in the nonlinear optical loop mirror is successfully demonstrated using a novel polarisation diversity scheme in which two independent switching operations are performed along the two principal axes of a polarisation-maintaining fibre loop. The variation of the switched signal powers is measured to be less than 1 dB as the input polarisation direction is varied over 180°.
Pharmacokinetics of lidocaine and bupivacaine and stable isotope labelled analogues: A study in healthy volunteers (1988)

The pharmacokinetics of lidocaine and bupivacaine and tri-deuteromethyl-labelled lidocaine and bupivacaine were investigated in healthy volunteers. The deuterium-labelled and the unlabelled form of the drug to be investigated were simultaneously infused in 10 min. Plasma concentrations were determined using a combination of capillary gas chromatography and mass fragmentography. Bi-exponential functions were fitted to the plasma concentration-time data. The mean distribution and elimination half-lives were 8.4 +/- 5.9 min and 96 +/- 26 min for lidocaine, 9.2 +/- 7.0 min and 98 +/- 27 min for deuterium-labelled lidocaine, 15.3 +/- 9.9 min and 111 +/- 32 min for bupivacaine, and 15.2 +/- 10.9 min and 109 +/- 31 min for deuterium-labelled bupivacaine, respectively. The mean volumes of the central compartment and mean steady state volumes of distribution were: lidocaine 37 +/- 151 and 97 +/- 201, deuterium-labelled lidocaine 39 +/- 161 and 98 +/- 181, bupivacaine 27 +/- 111 and 66 +/- 231 and deuterium-labelled bupivacaine 28 +/- 121, and 65 +/- 221, respectively. The respective mean plasma clearances were 0.88 +/- 0.181 min-1, 0.87 +/- 0.181 min-1, 0.61 +/- 0.151 min-1, and 0.62 +/- 0.171 min-1. The results of the study indicate that substitution of a deuterated methyl group does not alter the pharmacokinetics of lidocaine and bupivacaine in healthy subjects.
Web content summarization using social bookmarks (2008)

An increasing number of Web applications are allowing users to play more active roles for enriching the source content. The enriched data can be used for various applications such as text summarization, opinion mining and ontology creation. In this paper, we propose a novel Web content summarization method that creates a text summary by exploiting user feedback (comments and tags) in a social bookmarking service. We had manually analyzed user feedback in several representative social services including del.icio.us, Digg, YouTube, and Amazon.com. We found that (1) user comments in each social service have its own characteristics with respect to summarization, and (2) a tag frequency rank does not necessarily represent its usefulness for summarization. Based on these observations, we conjecture that user feedback in social bookmarking services is more suitable for summarization than other type of social services. We implemented prototype system called SSNote that analyzes tags and user comments in del.icio.us, and extracts summaries. Performance evaluations of the system were conducted by comparing its output summary with manual summaries generated by human evaluators. Experimental results show that our approach highlights the potential benefits of user feedback in social bookmarking services.
Mechanisms of Cyclosporine-Induced Renal Cell Apoptosis: A Systematic Review (2012)

The in vivo mechanisms for CCN are more complex than those found in vitro. CsA can induce renal cell apoptosis using five pathways in vivo and activated caspases might be the ultimate intersection of these pathways and the common intracellular pathway mediating apoptosis. These data provide new potential points for intervention and need to be confirmed by further studies.
Clinical and cost-effectiveness of oral sodium bicarbonate therapy for older patients with chronic kidney disease and low-grade acidosis (BiCARB): a pragmatic randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (2020)

European Clinical Trials Database (2011-005271-16) and ISRCTN09486651; registered 17 February 2012.
Biodistribution in tumour-bearing mice of two 90Y-labelled biotins using three-step tumour targeting (1997)

Tumour pretargeting techniques based on a three-step approach with the avidin/biotin system and associated with the high-energy beta-emitter yttrium-90 (90Y) have been applied with encouraging results in cancer therapy. While in-vivo stable binding of 90Y through a chelating agent like DOTA is essential for directly labelled monoclonal antibodies in the labelling of a fast clearing molecule like biotin, this may not be so important, since the time for catabolic processes to occur is drastically reduced. In this study, the biodistribution of 90Y bound to biotin through DTPA or DOTA was evaluated. Tumour-bearing mice received biotinylated antibody on day 1, avidin on day 2 and 90Y-labelled biotin on day 3. The biodistribution was determined 4 and 24 h after the injection of radiolabelled biotin. The majority of the injected dose was recovered in the urine 4 h after injection of both radiolabelled compounds. Higher bone uptake of 90Y was observed in animals administered 90Y-DTPA-biotin. In general, all organs including tumour showed higher accumulation of activity following the injection of 90Y-DAPA-biotin. Despite the lower levels of accumulation in the tumour after injection of 90Y-DOTA-biotin, the tumour-to-liver and tumour-to-bone ratios for the DOTA ligand were higher compared to DTPA. The higher tumour uptake observed after injection of 90Y-DTPA-biotin may be attributed to the presence of two biotin molecules in its dimeric structure. Our results indicate that the ideal 90Y-labelled biotin derivative for therapy studies should be formed from a DOTA core with two non-cleavable spacers, each ending with a biotin molecule.
MIRD Pamphlet No. 14: a dynamic urinary bladder model for radiation dose calculations. (1992)

The constant-volume urinary bladder model in the standard MIRD phantom has recognized limitations. Various investigators have developed detailed models incorporating more physiologically realistic features such as expanding bladder contents and residual volume, and variable urinary input rate, initial volume and first void time. We have reviewed these published models and have developed a new model incorporating these factors. The model consists of a spherical source with variable volume to simulate the bladder contents and a wall represented by a spherical shell of constant volume. The wall thickness varies as the source expands or contracts. The model provides for variable urine entry rate (three different hydration states), initial bladder contents volume, residual volume and first void time. The voiding schedule includes an extended nighttime gap during which the urine entry rate is reduced to one-half the daytime rate. Radiation dose estimates have been calculated for the bladder wall surface (including photon and electron components) and at several depths in the wall (electron component) for [18F]FDG, 99mTc-DTPA, 99mTc-HEDP, [99mTc]pertechnetate 99mTc-RBCs, 99mTc-glucoheptonate, 99mTc-MAG3, [123I]/[124I]/[131I]OIH and sodium [131I]iodide(Nal). The initial bladder volume and first void time that provide the lowest radiation dose to the bladder wall are determined separately for each compound to give guidance for establishing dose reduction protocols.
Efficient Voltage Regulation for Microprocessor Cores Stacked in Vertical Voltage Domains (2015)

Due to exponential (Moores law) scaling of advanced CMOS technologies, the challenges associated with delivering power to performance and mobile computing systems are outpacing the capabilities of conventional voltage regulator (VR) topologies. To continue to scale throughput at constant power density, the level of parallelism in microprocessor architectures is expected to increase substantially. In this paper, we present a power conversion topology to provide independent multicore regulation in the 0.8-1.4 V range from a 12-V dc bus. The topology uses a multistage ladder converter to manage power delivery to digital circuits stacked in vertical voltage domains. This approach has several advantages with regard to systems efficiency as it allows a more moderate conversion ratio of the main dc-dc converter. Moreover, the parallel converter only needs to process a fraction of the power of each core as the current can be “recycled” by adjacent cores in the stack. We develop a dynamical model for a multiple-input, multiple-output control scheme that uses a simple integral-control law, augmented with fast voltage- and current-mode feedforward. Measurement results of a discrete prototype verify the control scheme and demonstrate the potential advantages in system efficiency but also emphasize the remaining challenges in meeting stringent VR dynamic response requirements.
Quantitative Struktur‐Wirkungs‐Beziehung bei Polyhydroxyxanthonen, 2. Mitt.<sup>1)</sup>: Synthese mehrfach oxigenierter 2‐Hydroxyxanthone (1990)

Abstract Es wird die Synthese der 2‐Hydroxyxanthone 8 über die entsprechenden Polymethoxyxanthone 7 beschrieben, die in Ring C mehrfach hydroxyliert sind. Die Darstellung verläuft entweder über die 2‐Phenoxybenzosäuren 5 oder die polymethoxylierten 2‐Hydroxybenzophenone 6 .
32×32 silicon photonic switch (2016)

Lightpaths are switched in a 32×32 silicon photonic switch, with 448 thermo-optic Mach-Zehnders and 864 monolithic monitor photodiodes. It is packaged in a CBGA with 68-fiber ribbon, and every cell has an off-chip control circuit.
Characterizations Based on Conditional Expectations of Nonadjacent Order Statistics (1997)

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Innervation of Tissue-Engineered Corneal Implants in a Porcine Model: A 1-Year In Vivo Confocal Microscopy Study (2007)

The pattern of reinnervation within tissue-engineered corneal substitutes has been quantified in vivo. Innervation proceeded rapidly in the deep anterior stroma, followed by repopulation of more superficial regions. One year after surgery, nerve density within the tissue-engineered cornea increased or remained unchanged relative to controls in all corneal regions examined.