gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pomalidomide Therapy in Anemic Patients with Myelofibrosis: Results from a Phase-2 Randomized Multicenter Study (2008)

Abstract BACKGROUND: Both thalidomide (Br J Haematol2002;117:288) and lenalidomide (Blood2006;108:1158) are effective for alleviating anemia in approximately 20% of patients with myelofibrosis (MF). However, the value of these drugs is undermined by their respective potential for peripheral neuropathy and severe myelosuppression. In the current study, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of the new immunomodulatory drug, pomalidomide (POM) in MF. METHODS: This is a phase-2 randomized, multicenter, double-blind, active-control, parallel-group study to determine safety and select a “Best” dose of POM alone or combined with prednisone (PRED). Patients were equally randomized to 4 treatment groups: POM (2 mg/day) + placebo, PRED (30 mg/day) + placebo, POM (2 mg/day) + PRED (30 mg/day), and POM (0.5 mg/day) + PRED (30 mg/day). POM therapy was given for up to twelve 28-day treatment cycles. PRED therapy was given in a tapering dose schedule during the first three of these 12 treatment cycles. Protocol eligibility criteria included absolute neutrophil count of ≥ 1 × 109/L, platelet count of ≥ 50 × 109/L and hemoglobin level of &lt; 10 g/dL including red blood cell (RBC) transfusion requirement. Patients with prior thalidomide or lenalidomide therapy and/or venous thrombosis were excluded from study participation. Response was assessed by the International Working Group for Myelofibrosis Research and Treatment (IWG-MRT) criteria (Blood.2006;108:1497) and by independent analysis of the component variables. RESULTS: A total of 104 patients with MF were assessed for eligibility; 85 were randomized and 84 received the assigned therapy. Blinded data for the first 82 patients are presented here; median age was 67 years and MF subtype was PMF in 70% of the patients and post-PV/ET MF in 30%. All patients belonged to either intermediate or high risk disease category (Blood1996;88:1013); 42 (51%) were RBC transfusion-dependent. Median duration of disease before randomization was 3 years (range 2–14). The number of patients assigned to each arm was relatively balanced: 21, 20, 19 and 22, respectively. After a median treatment duration of 3 months, 42 (51%) patients have discontinued protocol therapy because of lack of therapeutic effect (n=19), withdrawal of consent (n=11), adverse event (n=11) or death (n=2). Grade 3/4 adverse events (regardless of attribution) included anemia (10%), thrombocytopenia (9%), leukopenia (9%), fatigue (7%), dyspnea (5%), thrombosis (4%), diarrhea (4%) and hyperglycemia (4%). Combined response rate using IWG-MRT criteria was 25% (95% CI, 16–34%) and ranged between 11% and 42% among the four treatment arms. CONCLUSION: Pomalidomide, with or without concomitant prednisone therapy, is well tolerated in patients with MF, especially from the standpoint of myelosuppression. Response rates are high. Additional, unblinded, information regarding response details, remission duration and laboratory correlative studies will be presented at the meeting.
Biochemical Characterization of Mammalian Translation Initiation Factor 3 (eIF3) (1997)

Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF3), which plays an essential role in initiation of protein synthesis, was purified from rabbit reticulocyte lysates using an assay that specifically measures its ability to stimulate the binding of Met-tRNAf (as a Met-tRNAf.eIF2.GTP ternary complex) to 40 S ribosomal subunits. Purified eIF3 consisted of six major polypeptides of molecular masses 110, 67, 42, 40, 36, and 35 kDa but lacked the 170-kDa polypeptide reported to be a constituent of other eIF3 preparations. Characterization of purified eIF3 lacking the 170-kDa polypeptide showed that the eIF3-mediated 40 S initiation complex formed in the presence of AUG codon efficiently joined 60 S ribosomal subunits in an eIF5-dependent reaction to form a functional 80 S initiation complex. eIF3, which was originally bound to the 40 S initiation complex, was released from the 40 S subunit during the subunit joining reaction. Additionally, chicken antibodies raised against rabbit reticulocyte eIF3 were used to immunochemically characterize eIF3 subunits and to isolate a 3.1-kilobase pair human cDNA that encodes the p110 subunit of mammalian eIF3. The derived amino acid sequence (calculated Mr 95,214) shows that the p110 subunit is the mammalian homologue of Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein Prt1p, a subunit of yeast eIF3.
Risk factors for cutaneous melanoma. A practical method of recognizing predisposed individuals (1987)

Cutaneous melanoma is rapidly becoming a potentially curable cancer if it is detected and properly treated in an early phase of development. Unlike other cancers, which are usually hidden from detection until they are relatively large or metastatic disease has occurred, cutaneous melanoma is readily detectable simply by examining the skin. Information is now available that will be useful in selecting individuals at greatest risk. The most important melanoma risk factors (in decreasing order of importance) for a given individual are as follows: a persistently changed or changing mole, adulthood, irregular varieties of pigmented lesions (including dysplastic moles and lentigo maligna), a congenital mole, Caucasian race, a previous cutaneous melanoma, a family history of cutaneous melanoma, immunosuppression, sun sensitivity, and excessive sun exposure. Selective screening and appropriate treatment of individuals who have these risk factors may reduce the morbidity and mortality of cutaneous melanoma. (<i>JAMA</i>1987 258:3146-3154)
Are all troponin assays equivalent in the emergency department? (2005)

In the ED, bedside assays of troponins are invaluable tools for the clinician, and their use is cost-effective. However, in the recommended cutoffs levels, only troponin I but not troponin T allowed the safe discharge of patients not requiring acute hospital care.
Skeletal muscle cell activation by low-energy laser irradiation: A role for the MAPK/ERK pathway (2001)

Low-energy laser irradiation (LELI) has been shown to promote skeletal muscle regeneration in vivo and to activate skeletal muscle satellite cells, enhance their proliferation and inhibit differentiation in vitro. In the present study, LELI, as well as the addition of serum to serum-starved myoblasts, restored their proliferation, whereas myogenic differentiation remained low. LELI induced mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (MAPK/ERK) phosphorylation with no effect on its expression in serum-starved myoblasts. Moreover, a specific MAPK kinase inhibitor (PD098059) inhibited the LELI- and 10% serummediated ERK1/2 activation. However, LELI did not affect Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) or p38 MAPK phosphorylation or protein expression. Whereas a 3-sec irradiation induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation, a 12-sec irradiation reduced it, again with no effect on JNK or p38. Moreover, LELI had distinct effects on receptor phosphorylation: it caused phosphorylation of the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) receptor, previously shown to activate the MAPK/ERK pathway, whereas no effect was observed on tumor suppressor necrosis alpha (TNF-alpha) receptor which activates the p38 and JNK pathways. Therefore, by specifically activating MAPK/ERK, but not JNK and p38 MAPK enzymes, probably by specific receptor phosphorylation, LELI induces the activation and proliferation of quiescent satellite cells and delays their differentiation.
Pegademase bovine (PEG-ADA) for the treatment of infants and children with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID (2009)

Adenosine deaminase deficiency (ADA) is a rare, inherited disorder of purine metabolism characterized by immunodeficiency, failure to thrive and metabolic abnormalities. A lack of the enzyme ADA allows accumulation of toxic metabolites causing defects of both cell mediated and humoral immunity leading to ADA severe combined immune deficiency (SCID), a condition that can be fatal in early infancy if left untreated. Hematopoietic stem cell transplant is curative but is dependent on a good donor match. Other therapeutic options include enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) with pegademase bovine (PEG-ADA) and more recently gene therapy. PEG-ADA has been used in over 150 patients worldwide and has allowed stabilization of patients awaiting more definitive treatment with hematopoietic stem cell transplant. It affords both metabolic detoxification and protective immune function with patients remaining clinically well, but immune reconstitution is often suboptimal and may not be long lived. We discuss the pharmacokinetics, immune reconstitution, effects on systemic disease and side effects of treatment with PEG-ADA. We also review the long-term outcome of patients receiving ERT and discuss the role of PEG-ADA in the management of infants and children with ADA-SCID, alongside other therapeutic options.
Scalable Information-Driven Sensor Querying and Routing for Ad Hoc Heterogeneous Sensor Networks (2002)

This paper describes two novel techniques, information-driven sensor querying (IDSQ) and constrained anisotropic diffusion routing (CADR), for energy-efficient data querying and routing in ad hoc sensor networks for a range of collaborative signal processing tasks. The key idea is to introduce an information utility measure to select which sensors to query and to dynamically guide data routing. This allows us to maximize information gain while minimizing detection latency and bandwidth consumption for tasks such as localization and tracking. Our simulation results have demonstrated that the information-driven querying and routing techniques are more energy efficient, have lower detection latency, and provide anytime algorithms to mitigate risks of link/node failures.
Modelling space appropriation in public parks (2007)

Sustainable park management encompasses the requirement to provide equal opportunities for access and usage of the park, regardless of age, gender or nationality of the visitors. It thereby presents opportunities as well as problems for today’s heterogeneous global cities. The research presented here is part of the project “Sustainable design, management and appropriation of urban public parks” (www.geo.unizh.ch/nfp54/)1. We assume that the specific park infrastructure in the form of design elements, behaviour settings (in the sense of Schoggen, 1989) and management (Kaplan et al., 1998) affords specific activities while discouraging others. By applying this knowledge to a specific spatial management, conflicts of usage can be minimized and thus social sustainability is ensured. Our goal therefore is to model the social interaction and resulting space usage in urban public parks at the micro level of individuals, because an understanding of the processes of space appropriation is important for the design and management of sustainable urban environments.
Mammalian Genes Are Transcribed with Widely Different Bursting Kinetics (2011)

In prokaryotes and eukaryotes, most genes appear to be transcribed during short periods called transcriptional bursts, interspersed by silent intervals. We describe how such bursts generate gene-specific temporal patterns of messenger RNA (mRNA) synthesis in mammalian cells. To monitor transcription at high temporal resolution, we established various gene trap cell lines and transgenic cell lines expressing a short-lived luciferase protein from an unstable mRNA, and recorded bioluminescence in real time in single cells. Mathematical modeling identified gene-specific on- and off-switching rates in transcriptional activity and mean numbers of mRNAs produced during the bursts. Transcriptional kinetics were markedly altered by cis-regulatory DNA elements. Our analysis demonstrated that bursting kinetics are highly gene-specific, reflecting refractory periods during which genes stay inactive for a certain time before switching on again.
Multi-Antenna Techniques for Evolved 3G Wireless Communication Networks: An Overview (2009)

Multi-antenna techniques offers significant capacity benefits. But realizing these gains in practical wireless systems remains a very challenging problem. MIMO-OFDM has been used in wireless LAN systems with great success. However, due to the largely varying spatial profiles and velocity patterns of the access terminals, integrating MIMO techniques in a wireless WAN system has been a difficult design problem. This paper overviews the multi-antenna techniques used in evolved 3G wireless communications systems, such as 3GPP2 Ultra-Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE Mobile Broadband Wireless Access (MBWA) and 3GPP LTE, which are poised to become the successor of 3G systems, e.g., 3GPP2 1xEVDO and WCDMA, as the next generation of high speed wireless system. This paper uses MIMO in various forms to suit the deployment scenario. Although we use UMB as a design paradigm in this paper, most of the results apply to OFDM systems in general.
p75NTR and Sortilin Increase After Facial Nerve Injury (2008)

FN axotomy increases p75 and sortilin expression in SCs, which correlates with increased apoptosis. These findings suggest roles for p75 and sortilin in SC loss after FN injury. Sortilin is a novel target in promoting FN healing after injury.
118GHz fundamental VCO with 7.8% tuning range in 65nm CMOS (2011)

This paper presents a 118 GHz fundamental voltage controlled oscillator in a 65 nm low power CMOS technology. Using accumulation mode varactors, the oscillator covers a frequency range from 113.4 GHz to 122.6 GHz, which corresponds to a 7.8% tuning range. This is the widest tuning range in a D-band VCO reported to date. Combined with a variable supply voltage, the tuning range is extended to 11 GHz (9.3%). The VCO draws 5.6 mA from a 1 V supply and the output is higher than -28.5 dBm. The measured phase noise at 118.3 GHz is -83.9 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset. The FOMT is -175.7 dB, which is the highest reported for a D-band VCO.
Localization of the Antimitotic Peptide and Depsipeptide Binding Site on β-Tubulin (2004)

Several naturally occurring peptides and depsipeptides which include the cryptophycins, dolastatin 10, hemiasterlin, and phomopsin A have been found to be potent antimitotic agents, causing cell death at picomolar or low nanomolar concentrations. These compounds inhibit microtubule growth, modulate the dynamics of microtubules, and induce the self-association of tubulin dimers into single-walled rings and spirals. These peptides exhibit mutual competitive inhibition in binding to beta-tubulin, while noncompetitively inhibiting the binding of vinblastine and vincristine to beta-tubulin. Despite the abundance of biochemical information, the details of their molecular interactions with tubulin are not known. In this study, using a combination of molecular dynamics simulations and molecular docking studies, a common binding site for cryptophycin 1, cryptophycin 52, dolastatin 10, hemiasterlin, and phomopsin A on beta-tubulin has been identified. Application of these same methods to alpha-tubulin indicated no interaction between alpha-tubulin and any of the peptides. On the basis of the docking results, a model for the mechanism of microtubule disruption and formation of aberrant nonmicrotubule structures is proposed. Both the active site and mechanism of microtubule depolymerization predictions are in good agreement with experimental findings.
The UDP-<i>N</i>-acetylglucosamine:Dolichol Phosphate-<i>N</i>-acetylglucosamine-phosphotransferase Gene as a New Selection Marker for Potato Transformation (2013)

Here we describe the generation of potato plants that constitutively overexpressed, UDP-N-acetylglucosamine:dolichol phosphate-N-acetylglucosamine-phosphotransferase (GPT). Such transgenic plants can be formed in a medium with tunicamycin at 9.8 ± 0.28% efficiency, similar to the 9.4 ± 1.10 for the bialaphos resistance gene (Bar) gene. This study indicated that GPT transformation was very stable with high reproducibility, and that growth and tuber production in the GPT-transformed plants were stronger than in the wild-type plants.
Inducible xylitol dehydrogenases in enteric bacteria (1985)

Morganella morganii ATCC 25829, Providencia stuartii ATCC 25827, Serratia marcescens ATCC 13880, and Erwinia sp. strain 4D2P were found to induce a xylitol dehydrogenase when grown on a xylitol-containing medium. The xylitol dehydrogenases were partially purified from the four strains, and those from M. morganii ATCC 25829, P. stuartii ATCC 25827, and S. marcescens ATCC 13880 were all found to oxidize xylitol to D-xylulose. These three enzymes had KmS for xylitol of 7.1 to 16.4 mM and molecular weights ranging from 130,000 to 155,000. In contrast, the xylitol dehydrogenase from Erwinia sp. strain 4D2P oxidized xylitol at the C-4 position to produce L-xylulose, had a Km for xylitol of 72 mM, and had a molecular weight of 102,000.
Cocaine detection using surface acoustic wave immunoassay sensors (2003)

Vapor sensors, a.k.a. electronic noses, are becoming an increasingly popular analytical tool for detection and identification of small molecules in the gas phase. In this paper we present the results of a series of experiments demonstrating real-time vapor phase detection of cocaine molecules. A distinctive response or signature was observed under laboratory conditions, where the cocaine vapors were presented using an INEL vapor generator and under "field" conditions facilitated by the Georgia Bureau of Investigation (GBI) Crime Lab. For these experiments the sensor component was an ST-quartz resonator with a center frequency of approximately 250 MHz. Anti-benzoylegonine (anti-BZE) antibodies are attached to the electrodes on the device surface via a protein-A cross linker. We observed a large transient frequency shift accompanied by baseline shift with the anti-BZE coated sensor. After repeated experiments and the use of numerous controls we believe that we have achieved real time molecular recognition of cocaine molecules.
Income (1987)

Like ‘supply’, ‘demand’, ‘rent’, ‘welfare’ and ‘utility’, the word ‘income’ is a part of common speech that has entered economics as a technical term. The Concise Oxford Dictionary defines income as ‘receipts from one’s lands, work, investment etc’. That meaning carries over into economic theory, where, for instance, a consumer may be said to maximize utility subject to an income constraint or a firm may be said to maximize income accruing to its stockholders. The meaning of income is somewhat modified in the construction of income statistics. These are employed in two quite distinct contexts: as the basis for income taxation and as generalized to national income.
Energy Transfer Luminescence of Europium(<scp>III</scp>) and Terbium(<scp>III</scp>) Cryptates of Macrobicyclic Polypyridine Ligands (1987)

The Eu3⊕- and Tb3⊕-cryptates of the ligands 1–3 can function as molecular light converters. The complexes give characteristic 1H-NMR spectra, and the Eu3⊕-cryptate can be electrochemically reversibly reduced (−535 mV vs SCE).
Modelling users, context and devices for adaptive user interface systems (2014)

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to review the state-of-the-art in adaptive user interface systems by studying their historical development over the past 20 years. Moreover, this paper contributes with a specific model combining three main entities (users, context and devices) that have been demonstrated to be always represented in these environments. Novel concepts that should be taken into account in these systems are also presented.
Stability of CD4/CD8 ratios in man: new correlation between CD4/CD8 profiles and iron overload in idiopathic haemochromatosis patients. (1991)

The proportions of CD4+, CD8+ cells were determined in peripheral blood samples obtained from 27 patients with idiopathic haemochromatosis and 67 healthy controls. Samples from the patients were obtained at the start of therapy and at intervals during intensive phlebotomy treatment in which 400 ml of blood are removed each week for 6 months to 2 years. Patients varied in their CD4/CD8 ratios from 0.8 to 4.2. An individual's CD4/CD8 ratio, however, remained unaffected by the repeated removal of large volumes of blood by phlebotomy confirming the existence of a homeostatic regulation of the relative numbers of the two major peripheral T cell pools in man. Follow-up of iron reentry into the transferrin pool at the end of the intensive phlebotomy treatment indicates that the relative proportion of circulating CD4/CD8 cells is critically related to the regulation of iron absorption.
Drop‐in security for distributed and portable computing elements (2003)

Proposes the use of a special purpose drop‐in firewall/VPN gateway called Sieve, that can be inserted between the mobile workstation and the network to provide individualized security services for that particular station. Sieve is meant to be used like an external modem: the user only needs to plug it in. Its existence is transparent to the user, requiring no modification to the workstation configuration. To function in this role, Sieve has been designed to be compact, low‐cost, requiring little administration or maintenance. Discusses the features and advantages of the system and demonstrates how Sieve was used in various application areas (home, university environment, etc.).
Text-Sprache-Umsetzung für Anwendungen bei automatischen Informations- und Transaktionssystemen / Text-to-Speech Conversion for Automatic Information Services and Order Systems (1989)

Article Text-Sprache-Umsetzung für Anwendungen bei automatischen Informations- und Transaktionssystemen / Text-to-Speech Conversion for Automatic Information Services and Order Systems was published on May 1, 1989 in the journal it - Information Technology (volume 31, issue 5).
Outward Transcutaneous Chemical Migration: Implications for Diagnostics and Dosimetry (1988)

Chemical substances migrate outwards from within the body to the skin surface by diffusion from cutaneous capillaries across the epidermis. Heretofore, study of transepidermal chemical emissions have been restricted to substances which are in the vapor phase at skin surface temperature. We have investigated outward transcutaneous chemical migration of nongaseous chemicals by devising an occlusive transcutaneous chemical collection system, consisting of a tape-encased plug of gelled saline in which activated carbon is dispersed. Investigations of nine chemicals in 'fuzzy' rats, rhesus monkeys, and man provide data which are consistent with a general theory of outward transcutaneous chemical migration. This noninvasive continuous transcutaneous sampling technique provides a new method for investigating skin permeability in vivo and may provide a basis for convenient diagnosis and monitoring of chemical exposure.
Numerical suppression of zero-order image in digital holography (2007)

This work describes a novel approach that adopts numerical operation to suppress the zero-order images of reconstruction in digital holography. The entire process needs only one digital hologram and keeps under control the intensity ratio of the object wave to reference wave in recording procedure. Also the performance of numerical suppression is simple and effective by subtracting the numerical generated intensity of the object and reference waves from the digital hologram. The experimental results demonstrate that the zero-order images of reconstruction can be suppressed completely and represents the satisfactory reconstructed image even if the distribution of the object wave is not uniform. Therefore this approach can simplify the procedure of phase-shifting digital holographic-based scheme involving multiple exposures. Moreover, the investigation of performance using the novel suppression approach is presented for proving the practical feasibility.