gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dynamic access ordering for streamed computations (2000)

Memory bandwidth is rapidly becoming the limiting performance factor for many applications, particularly for streaming computations such as scientific vector processing or multimedia (de)compression. Although these computations lack the temporal locality of reference that makes traditional caching schemes effective, they have predictable access patterns. Since most modern DRAM components support modes that make it possible to perform some access sequences faster than others, the predictability of the stream accesses makes it possible to reorder them to get better memory performance. We describe a Stream Memory Controller (SMC) system that combines compile-time detection of streams with execution-time selection of the access order and issue. The SMC effectively prefetches read-streams, buffers write-streams, and reorders the accesses to exploit the existing memory bandwidth as much as possible. Unlike most other hardware prefetching or stream buffer designs, this system does not increase bandwidth requirements. The SMC is practical to implement, using existing compiler technology and requiring only a modest amount of special purpose hardware. We present simulation results for fast-page mode and Rambus DRAM memory systems and we describe a prototype system with which we have observed performance improvements for inner loops by factors of 13 over traditional access methods.
Software Management Metrics (1988)

Abstract : The metrics presented in this document are used to monitor the progress of a software development offer. They provide visibility into developing trends and thereby can be used to forecast potential problems. These metrics are based on Government and industry experiences with a previous set of their use. The term 'reporting' has been changed to 'management' to more precisely describe the metrics' application. This new report includes: a total of 10 metrics instead of 8; 4 new metrics (design progress, design complexity, schedule progress, and requirements volatility); reporting and analysis recommendations; structured descriptions for each metric that include tailoring, interpretation, and behavior discussions; sample Data Item Description (DID) backup sheets for requiring metrics; notes on applications to Ada; and charting and presentation recommendations. Keywords: Management indicators, Metrics, Process metrics, Project management, Reporting metrics, Software acquisition, Software metrics, Status monitoring, Systems management, Systems engineering.
Baldness and coronary artery disease: the dermatologic point of view of a controversial issue. (2001)

Baldness did not coincide with androgenetic alopecia in some of the articles examined, which makes it difficult to settle the issue. Subjects who develop baldness before their 30s may have a higher risk for coronary artery disease than other men, and they may be individuals with early-onset androgenetic alopecia who also present with particularly elevated dihydrotestosterone-testosterone ratios. The baldness theory should be included as a secondary hypothesis in large epidemiological studies of coronary artery disease. Such studies should include dermatologic expertise for accurate, cost-effective evaluation of baldness.
Optical and electrical properties of fluorene-based 𝛑-conjugated polymers (1998)

Electroactive and photoactive copolymers derived from fluorenes have been prepared from palladium-catalyzed Suzuki couplings. For instance, poly((4,4prime-biphenylene)-2,7-(9,9-dioctylfluorene)) and poly((2,5-thienylene)-2,7-(9,9-dioctylfluorene)) exhibit strong emission in the blue region (406 nm, phi fl = 0.72) and in the green region (496 nm, phi fl = 0.49), respectively. These fluorene-based pi-conjugated polymers also show reversible electroactivity upon reduction and oxidation. The good electrical transport of both p-type and n-type charge carriers combined with excellent luminescent properties should lead to the development of efficient light-emitting devices.Key words: polyfluorenes, Suzuki couplings, luminescence, electrochromism, n and p doping.
In-line Sagnac interferometer current sensor (1996)

The authors demonstrate for the first time a near shot noise limited in-line Sagnac interferometer current sensor. It is shown to have a number of advantages over the optical current sensors based on polarimetric Faraday and Faraday/Sagnac loop interferometer topologies, including lower sensitivity to environmental disturbances, less demanding optical components, and easy installation. Its application to power system measurements is also detailed.
Enhanced Compressed RTP (CRTP) for Links with High Delay, Packet Loss and Reordering (2003)

This document describes a header compression scheme for point to point links with packet loss and long delays.It is based on Compressed Real-time Transport Protocol (CRTP), the IP/UDP/RTP header compression described in RFC 2508.CRTP does not perform well on such links: packet loss results in context corruption and due to the long delay, many more packets are discarded before the context is repaired.To correct the behavior of CRTP over such links, a few extensions to the protocol are specified here.The extensions aim to reduce context corruption by changing the way the compressor updates the context at the decompressor: updates are repeated and include updates to full and differential context parameters.With these extensions, CRTP performs well over links with packet loss, packet reordering and long delays.
Abstract LB-307: Hyaluronan deposition correlates with poor survival in pancreatic cancer (2011)

Abstract Hyaluronan (HA) is an extracellular matrix component that plays an important role in a diverse range of cellular processes including proliferation, tissue hydration, cell motility, inflammation, angiogenesis, and malignancy. Increased HA deposition is a characteristic of many desmoplastic tumors. High HA levels have been correlated with poor prognosis in some cancer types, including gastric, colorectal, breast, ovarian, and bladder cancers. Considering the high desmoplastic stromal content of pancreatic tumors, we hypothesized that high HA levels may contribute to poor prognosis or survival in pancreatic cancer. Utilizing a biotinylated HA binding protein-based staining method in a tissue microarray constructed from resected pancreatic tumor tissues, we assessed HA-specific staining in 43 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma samples for which patient survival had been followed for more than eight years. We observed HA staining primarily in the peritumoral, or stromal, compartment of the tumor tissue samples. 100% of the patient tumors stained positive in at least some fraction of the tissue area (stroma) for HA. The staining was scored according to the percentage area of HA-positivity, relative to total tissue area. We observed low (&amp;lt;40%) and high (≥40%) levels of stromal HA in 11 and 32 patient samples, respectively. We tested our hypothesis with the log-rank test and found that the survival rate was significantly lower among patients with high HA (P&amp;lt;0.05). The median survival among those patients with high HA was 299 days, and 738 days for those with low HA (the difference in median survival between the two patient groups is 439 days). These results suggest that HA levels in pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients may be predictive of survival. Because HA functions in maintaining high tumoral interstitial fluid pressure, resulting in vascular compression and limited tumor-drug access, our results also suggest that HA may serve as a potential therapeutic target in pancreatic cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-307. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-LB-307
Chiral Cyclic Amidines (1994)

Abstract Cyclic amidines are prepared in 3 steps from an aromatic aldehyde, isobutyraldehyde, and urea. The amidines 1 and 2 are readily resolved using chiral cyclic phosphoric acids.
Object segmentation using graph cuts based active contours (2005)

In this paper we present a graph cuts based active contours (GCBAC) approach to object segmentation problems. Our method is a combination of active contours and the optimization tool of graph cuts and differs fundamentally from traditional active contours in that it uses graph cuts to iteratively deform the contour. Consequently, it has the following advantages. (1) It has the ability to jump over local minima and provide a more global result. (2) Graph cuts guarantee continuity and lead to smooth contours free of self-crossing and uneven spacing problems. Therefore, the internal force, which is commonly used in traditional energy functions to control the smoothness, is no longer needed, and hence the number of parameters is greatly reduced. (3). Our approach easily extends to the segmentation of three and higher dimensional objects. In addition, the algorithm is suitable for interactive correction and is shown to always converge. Experimental results and analyses are provided.
Flexible diodes for radio frequency (RF) electronics: a materials perspective (2017)

Abstract Over the last decade, there has been increasing interest in transferring the research advances in radiofrequency (RF) rectifiers, the quintessential element of the chip in the RF identification (RFID) tags, obtained on rigid substrates onto plastic (flexible) substrates. The growing demand for flexible RFID tags, wireless communications applications and wireless energy harvesting systems that can be produced at a low-cost is a key driver for this technology push. In this topical review, we summarise recent progress and status of flexible RF diodes and rectifying circuits, with specific focus on materials and device processing aspects. To this end, different families of materials (e.g. flexible silicon, metal oxides, organic and carbon nanomaterials), manufacturing processes (e.g. vacuum and solution processing) and device architectures (diodes and transistors) are compared. Although emphasis is placed on performance, functionality, mechanical flexibility and operating stability, the various bottlenecks associated with each technology are also addressed. Finally, we present our outlook on the commercialisation potential and on the positioning of each material class in the RF electronics landscape based on the findings summarised herein. It is beyond doubt that the field of flexible high and ultra-high frequency rectifiers and electronics as a whole will continue to be an active area of research over the coming years.
Co-7% Ir Soft Magnetic Intermediate Layer for Perpendicular Media (2010)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> The current perpendicular magnetic recording (PMR) media uses a non-magnetic dual Ru intermediate layer. Replacing the bottom Ru layer with a Co-7at% Ir soft magnetic crystalline interlayer is expected to enhance both the magnetic field strength and gradient. Fabrication processing parameters were varied to develop the CoIr layer with desired properties (soft magnetic properties, texture, and dome morphology) to be utilized in practical PMR media design. First, the oxide was added to create a magnetically grain-to-grain isolated structure and the well segregated microstructure was obtained. Secondly, CoIr without the oxide was deposited on amorphous Ta and confirmed to have the hcp (00.2) texture and 5 nm Ru on top develops the hcp (00.2) texture epitaxially. The recording layer properties were not deteriorated with the replacement of Ru bottom layer with CoIr. The feasibility of CoIr application in the current PMR media will be discussed based on the experimental results. </para>
Position effects of variable region carbohydrate on the affinity and in vivo behavior of an anti-(1-->6) dextran antibody. (1999)

IgG is a glycoprotein with an N-linked carbohydrate structure attached to the CH2 domain of each of its heavy chains. In addition, the variable regions of IgG often contain potential N-linked carbohydrate addition sequences that frequently result in the attachment of V region carbohydrate. Nonetheless, the precise role of this V region glycan remains unclear. Studies from our laboratory have shown that a naturally occurring somatic mutant of an anti-dextran Ab that results in a carbohydrate addition site at Asn58 of the VH has carbohydrate in the complementarity-determining region 2 (CDR2) of the VH, and the presence of carbohydrate leads to an increase in affinity. However, carbohydrate attached to nearby positions within CDR2 had variable affects on affinity. In the present work we have extended these studies by adding carbohydrate addition sites close to or within all the CDRs of the same anti-dextran Ab. We find that carbohydrate is attached to all the novel addition sites, but the extent of glycosylation varies with the position of the site. In addition, we find that the position of the variable region carbohydrate influences some functional properties of the Ab, including those usually associated with the V region such as affinity for Ag as well as other characteristics typically attributed to the Fc such as half-life and organ targeting. These studies suggest that modification of variable region glycosylation provides an alternate strategy for manipulating the functional attributes of the Ab molecule and may shed light on how changes in carbohydrate structure affect protein conformation.
New halogenated monomers and polymers for low loss plastic optical fiber (1994)

Abstract In this paper, theoretical studies about refractive index and attenuation of halogenated and deuterated monomers and polymers are described. Concerning refractive index study, a mathematical model is elaborated to calculate the refractive index of acrylic monomers accurately. Concerning the attenuation in a near infrared (NIR) and visible region, we have shown and quantified that the most important factor of intrinsic absorption in Plastic Optical Fibers (POF) is the presence of C-H bonds. So to reduce attenuation of POF, halogenated and deuterated acrylates and vinyl carbonates are synthesized. Thermal and optical properties of the corresponding homo and copolymers are discussed.
Role of renal microcirculation in experimental renovascular disease (2009)

This study underscores the importance of the renal microcirculation in renovascular disease. Intra-renal administration of VEGF preserved renal MV architecture and function of the stenotic kidney, which in turn preserved renal haemodynamics and function and decreased renal fibrosis. These observations suggest that preventing renal MV loss may be a potential target for therapeutic approaches for patients with chronic renovascular disease.
Macrophage-derived foam cells freshly isolated from rabbit atherosclerotic lesions degrade modified lipoproteins, promote oxidation of low-density lipoproteins, and contain oxidation-specific lipid-protein adducts. (1991)

Pure macrophage-derived foam cells (MFC) were isolated from the aortas of rabbits made atherosclerotic by balloon deendothelialization followed by diet-induced hypercholesterolemia. The MFC were isolated under sterile conditions using an enzymatic digestion procedure and discontinuous density gradient centrifugation. The purity of the MFC preparations was verified immunocytochemically with the macrophage specific monoclonal antibody RAM-11. MFC plated in medium containing 0.5% FCS for 24 h contained approximately 600 micrograms cholesterol per mg cell protein, 80% of which was esterified cholesterol. The MFC specifically degraded low density lipoprotein (LDL), acetyl-LDL, copper oxidized LDL, and beta-very low density lipoprotein (beta-VLDL) at rates comparable to mouse peritoneal macrophages (MPM) in 5-h assays. MFC within sections of the atherosclerotic lesions from the ballooned rabbits as well as the MFC isolated from the same lesions in the presence of antioxidants, exhibited positive immunoreactivity with polyclonal guinea pig antisera and mouse monoclonal antibodies directed against malondialdehyde-LDL, and 4-hydroxynonal-LDL. The MFC also exhibited the capacity to induce the oxidation of LDL at rates comparable to those exhibited by MPM and rabbit aortic endothelial cells. These data provide direct evidence that arterial wall macrophages express modified LDL receptors in vivo, contain epitopes found in oxidized-LDL and are capable of oxidizing LDL even when maximally loaded with cholesterol.
Effects of Bacterially Synthesized Recombinant Human Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor in Patients with Advanced Malignancy (1989)

Bacterially synthesized rhGM-CSF induces a leukocytosis in the dose range of 3 to 15 micrograms/kg.d. These doses are appropriate for phase II studies.
Effect of Friction on Rolling Tire – Pavement Interaction (2010)

Accurate modeling of tire‐pavement contact behavior (i.e., distribution of contact tractions at the interface) plays an important role in the analysis of pavement performance and vehicle driving safety. The tire‐pavement contact is essentially a rolling contact problem. Many aspects, such as the transient contact with nonlinear frictional properties at the tire‐pavement interface, make the rolling contact problem more difficult than it may appear at first glance. The nonlinear frictional contact could introduce numerical difficulties into the finite element method (FEM) solution because the contact area and distribution of the contact tractions are not known beforehand. Therefore, it is appealing to formulate and implement high‐fidelity FE models capable of accurately simulating the tire‐pavement contact behavior. However, obtaining an accurate frictional relationship is difficult for tire‐pavement interaction. The friction between the tire and pavement is a complex phenomenon depending on many factors, such as viscoelastic properties of rubber, pavement texture, temperature, vehicle speed, slip ratio, and normal pressure. Field measurements have clearly shown that the friction between the tire and pavement is dependent of vehicle speed and the slip ratio at the vehicle maneuvering processes. In this research, a three‐dimensional (3‐D) tire‐pavement interaction model is developed using FEM to analyze the tire‐pavement contact stress distributions at various rolling conditions (free rolling, braking/accelerating, and cornering). In addition, existing friction models for tire‐pavement contact are reviewed and the effect of interfacial friction on the tire‐pavement contact stress distributions is investigated.
Surface Active Behaviour of Performance Surfactants (2000)

Surfactant applications in the context of structure-performance relationships Surfactants in inverse (water-in-oil) emulsion polymers of acrylamide Inter-actions between polymers and surfactants Use of surfactants in plastic flotation Surface-active agents in the construction industry The role of surfactants in dynamic wetting Interfacial properties of natural surfactants and their application in drug delivery systems References Index .
Construction of hydraulic cuff occluders for blood vessels (1977)

This report describes the construction technique for a simple and inexpensive cuff occluder for various size blood vessels. The occluder is made from polyvinyl chloride tubing and consist of two main parts, the balloon and catheter section, and the reinforcing back section. The occluders have functioned reliably in chronic dog preparations for up to 3 mo.
DAG—a program that draws directed graphs (1988)

Abstract DAG is a program that draws directed graphs by reading a list of noeds and edges, computing a layout and then writing a PIC or PostScript description of a picture. Optional drawing instructions specify the way nodes are drawn, attach labels and control spacing. DAG works best on directed acyclic graphs, which are often used to represent hierarchical relationships. For example, here is a drawing of a graph from J. W. Forrester's book, World Dynamics (Wright‐Allen, Cambridge, MA, 1971), which took 1.63 CPU seconds to draw using a VAX‐8650.
Projections from the lowest lumbar and sacral-caudal segments to the cerebellar nuclei in the rat, studied by anterograde axonal tracing (1999)

Spinocerebellar fibers originate from neurons in the medial part of lamina VII, including Stilling's sacral nucleus, the lateral part of lamina V, and the ventrolateral part of the ventral horn in the lowest lumbar (L6) and sacral-caudal segments. By using the anterograde transport of biotinylated dextran in the rat, this study examined whether these spinocerebellar fibers project to the cerebellar nuclei. Anterogradely labeled axons that originated from the L6-caudal segments ascended contralaterally through the superficial layer of the lateral cord and entered the cerebellum through the superior cerebellar peduncle and the restiform body. Labeled terminals were bilaterally seen in the medial nucleus and the anterior and posterior interpositus nucleus. They were most numerous contralaterally in the anterior interpositus nucleus. In the anterior interpositus nucleus, they were distributed mainly in the most ventral part at rostral levels and in small numbers in the medial part. In the medial nucleus, labeled terminals were seen in limited rostromedial parts of the middle and the caudomedial subdivision. Only a small number of labeled terminals were seen in the caudomedial part of the posterior interpositus nucleus. The present study shows that the spinocerebellar fibers originating from the lowest lumbar and sacral-caudal segments project to specific areas of the anterior interpositus and the medial nucleus. This finding suggests that the neurons of origin convey information from muscles, joints, and integument to the cerebellar cortex and nuclei, in relation to movement of the hindlimbs.
Substrate Specificity of the Human Protein Phosphatase 2Cδ, Wip1 (2005)

Wip1, the wild-type p53-induced phosphatase, selectively dephosphorylates a threonine residue on p38 MAPK and mediates a negative feedback loop of the p38 MAPK-p53 signaling pathway. To identify the substrate specificity of Wip1, we prepared a recombinant human Wip1 catalytic domain (rWip1) and measured kinetic parameters for phosphopeptides containing the dephosphorylation sites in p38alpha and in a new substrate, UNG2. rWip1 showed properties that were comparable to those of PP2Calpha or full-length Wip1 in terms of affinity for Mg(2+), insensitivity to okadaic acid, and threonine dephosphorylation. The substrate specificity constant k(cat)/K(m) for a diphosphorylated peptide with a pTXpY sequence was 6-8-fold higher than that of a monophosphorylated peptide with a pTXY sequence, while PP2Calpha showed a preference for monophosphorylated peptides. Although individual side chains before and after the pTXpY sequence of the substrate did not have a significant effect on rWip1 activity, a chain length of at least five residues, including the pTXpY sequence, was important for substrate recognition by rWip1. Moreover, the X residue in the pTXpY sequence affected affinity for rWip1 and correlated with selectivity for MAPKs. These findings suggest that substrate recognition by Wip1 is centered toward a very narrow region around the pTXpY sequence. Three-dimension homology models of Wip1 with bound substrate peptides were constructed, and site-directed mutagenesis was performed to confirm the importance of specific residues for substrate recognition. The results of our study should be useful for predicting new physiological substrates and for designing specific Wip1 inhibitors.
CD68 and CD163 as prognostic factors for Korean patients with Hodgkin lymphoma (2011)

High index of either CD68 or CD163 (>20%) is significantly correlated with poor prognosis in Korean patients with HL. CD163, a specific marker of macrophages, seems to be another prognostic factor for classical HL.