gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lab to Large Scale Transition for Non-Vacuum Thin Film CIGS Solar Cells: Phase II--Annual Technical Report, August 2003-July 2004 (2005)

The purpose of this subcontract, as part of the R&D Partners category is to: (i) identify the challenges that International Solar Electric Technology, Inc. (ISET) may face in the process of making a ''Lab to Large Scale'' transition for its ink-based non-vacuum process in production of thin-film CIGS solar cells and modules, and (ii) develop workable solutions for these challenges such that they can readily be implemented in a large-scale processing line for CIGS modules. The primary objective of this research is to streamline ISET's ink-based non-vacuum process for fabricating efficient CIGS modules to lower the cost of module production << $1.0/watt. To achieve this objective, ISET has focused R&D efforts on investigating topics that directly impact the ultimate cost of processing CIGS modules. These topics of concern include (i) module output, and therefore, the solar cell and the module efficiency, (ii) overall process yield which requires developing a process that offers a very high degree of repeatability for every manufacturing step, and (iii) a process approach that maximizes the utilization of the materials used. In accordance with the above, this report will cover activity during Phase II in the investigation of methods for low-cost manufacturing and process development. Specific tasks cover four broad areas: (1) solar cell efficiency, (2) process control, (3) module integration, and (4) enhanced material utilization by reduction of waste stream.
Cryocrystallography of biological macromolecules: a generally applicable method (1988)

Methods have been developed that allow facile X-ray data collection for biological macromolecules at cryogenic (near liquid N2) temperatures. The crystals are first transferred from their mother liquor to a hydrocarbon environment, then mounted with a standard glass fiber (no capillary), and flash cooled in situ with a cold nitrogen stream on the diffraction apparatus. This approach prevents freezing of the solvent in the crystals, so that they maintain their crystallographic integrity. Significant improvement of resolution can result from the cryogenic data collection, and radiation damage in the cooled crystals is greatly reduced, or eliminated, for the duration of data collection.
Excitation of surface polaritons by end-fire coupling (1983)

We calculate the efficiency with which a surface polariton at a metal-dielectric interface is excited when a p-polarized volume electromagnetic wave is incident upon the end face of the metal-dielectric system that is normal to the interface. We find generation efficiencies of approximately 90%
Total Synthesis and Initial Biological Evaluation of New B-Ring-Modified Bryostatin Analogs (2006)

[Structure: see text] The total synthesis and preliminary biological evaluation of the first bryostatin analogs (bryologs) to incorporate B-ring substitution are reported. Asymmetric syntheses of two new polyketide "spacer" domains are described, one exploiting the pseudosymmetry of the C1-C13 region. These fragments are convergently joined to the "recognition" domain through a remarkably versatile macrotransacetalization process. The resulting new analogs exhibit potent nanomolar or picomolar affinity to protein kinase C (PKC), comparable to or better than that found for bryostatin.
Comparison of Argon and Oxygen Plasma Treatments for Ambient Room-Temperature Wafer-Scale Au–Au Bonding Using Ultrathin Au Films (2019)

Au⁻Au surface activated bonding is promising for room-temperature bonding. The use of Ar plasma vs. O₂ plasma for pretreatment was investigated for room-temperature wafer-scale Au⁻Au bonding using ultrathin Au films (<50 nm) in ambient air. The main difference between Ar plasma and O₂ plasma is their surface activation mechanism: physical etching and chemical reaction, respectively. Destructive razor blade testing revealed that the bonding strength of samples obtained using Ar plasma treatment was higher than the strength of bulk Si (surface energy of bulk Si: 2.5 J/m²), while that of samples obtained using O₂ plasma treatment was low (surface energy: 0.1⁻0.2 J/m²). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis revealed that a gold oxide (Au₂O₃) layer readily formed with O₂ plasma treatment, and this layer impeded Au⁻Au bonding. Thermal desorption spectroscopy analysis revealed that Au₂O₃ thermally desorbed around 110 °C. Annealing of O₂ plasma-treated samples up to 150 °C before bonding increased the bonding strength from 0.1 to 2.5 J/m² due to Au₂O₃ decomposition.
The synthesis of core–shell iron@gold nanoparticles and their characterization (2005)

Au-coated magnetic Fe nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized by partial replacement reaction in a polar aprotic solvent with about 11 nm core of Fe and about 2.5 nm shell of Au. In this work, a combination of TEM (transmission electron microscopy), XRD (X-ray powder diffractometry), EDS (energy disperse X-ray spectroscopy), SQUID (superconducting quantum interference device), TGA (thermograviometric analysis) and UV–visible absorption spectroscopy were employed to characterize the morphology, structure, composition and magnetic properties of the products. HRTEM images show clear core–shell structure with different crystal lattices from Fe and Au. SQUID magnetometry reveals that particle magnetic properties are not significantly affected by the overlayer of a moderately thick Au shell. The Au-coated particles exhibit a surface plasmon resonance peak that red-shifts from 520 to 680 nm. And all the above characterizations show that in this sample there are no iron oxides inside the particle.
Seismic trace interpolation in the F-X domain (1991)

Abstract Interpolation of seismic traces is an effective means of improving migration when the data set exhibits spatial aliasing. A major difficulty of standard interpolation methods is that they depend on the degree of reliability with which the various geological events can be separated. In this respect, a multichannel interpolation method is described which requires neither a priori knowledge of the directions of lateral coherence of the events, nor estimation of these directions.The method is based on the fact that linear events present in a section made of equally spaced traces may be interpolated exactly, regardless of the original spatial interval, without any attempt to determine their true dips. The predictability of linear events in the f-x domain allows the missing traces to be expressed as the output of a linear system, the input of which consists of the recorded traces. The interpolation operator is obtained by solving a set of linear equations whose coefficients depend only on the spectrum of the spatial prediction filter defined by the recorded traces.Synthetic examples show that this method is insensitive to random noise and that it correctly handles curvatures and lateral amplitude variations. Assessment of the method with a real data set shows that the interpolation yields an improved migrated section.
SIOP Components: Application and assessment, through PBL in a content-language college Ccassroom (2013)

This article describes the circumstances and outcomes of an on-going research which explores the effectiveness of explicitly exercising a relationship between two of the eight components from the constructivist model SIOP (Sheltered Instruction Observation Protocol): Application and Assessment, through PBL (Project-Based Learning) in a content-language context at university level. It begins by compiling thoughts from various theorists who emphasize the importance of opening real application avenues to assess students learning. The research took place in a bilingual college in Bogotá, Colombia, during the second semester of 2011 and the first semester of 2012. The data analysis was taken from a group enrolled in a sixth semester class. Results make clear that through accompanying students through the proper use of PBL ladder, as an application tool, they will be able to value their own process of learning.
Augmented media for traditional magazines (2012)

Reading traditional newspapers or magazines is a common way to get latest information about events or new products. However these printed materials only provide readers with static information. Readers may want to know more detail information about some product in an article or to watch video clips related to an event mentioned in a news right at the moment when they read that article or news. The authors propose a system with mobile devices that can provide extra information and multimedia for readers by applying augmented reality to traditional magazines. A user can enjoy extra rich multimedia information on a product or news on his/her mobile device just by looking at an article in a traditional magazine through his/her mobile device. The system detects which article in which page of a magazine that is being displayed in a mobile device and provides a reader with related information and multimedia objects. The important feature of our proposed system is using lightweight filter to efficiently filter out candidate covers or articles that do not visually match an image captured by a mobile device. The experiment shows that our proposed system achieves the average accuracy of more than 90% and can process in the real-time manner.
Self-Assembled Monolayers of Monofunctionalized Cyclodextrins onto Gold:  A Mass Spectrometric Characterization and Impedance Analysis of Host−Guest Interaction (1996)

A novel β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized by a mercaptopropionic acid that was attached to a single 6-deoxyaminoglucose unit has been synthesized in the disulfide form. The flexible single-thiol spacer allows the formation of a monomolecular film by self-assembly onto gold, yielding a high packing density with a surface coverage of 99.6% and a capacitance of 9 μF/cm2, determined by impedance spectroscopy. MALDI-MS and XPS analysis clearly showed that the modified cyclodextrin is chemisorbed on the gold surface by Au−S bonds. Addition of 3-mercaptopropionic acid to the preformed β-CD monolayer considerably improved the intensity of the MALDI mass spectra signals. The incorporation of anilinonaphthalenesulfonates into the β-CD cavity was observable by impedance spectroscopy using the electroactive markers [Fe(CN)6]3-/[Fe(CN)6]4-.
<b>Molecular mechanism of T‐cell control of <i>Chlamydia </i>in mice: role of nitric oxide <i>in vivo</i></b> (1996)

T‐cell‐mediated immunity is crucial for the control of Chlamydia in mice. Recent evidence from studies in an in vitro model of the mucosal epithelium, the polarized epithelial–lymphocyte co‐culture (PELC) system, indicated that protective murine T cells mediated intracellular inhibition of the Chlamydia trachomatis agent of mouse pneumonitis (MoPn) at least partly by activating the interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ)‐inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) pathway. To investigate whether nitric oxide played a role in controlling chlamydial infection in vivo , the protective capacity of a chlamydial‐specific T‐cell clone (clone 2.14‐0) was analysed in mice in the presence of a specific inhibitor of iNOS. The results revealed that the ability of this clone to clear Chlamydia in vivo is in part mediated by induction of nitric oxide (NO) production. The L‐arginine analogue and iNOS inhibitor, N G ‐monomethyl‐L‐arginine monoacetate (MLA), increased the chlamydial burden in infected mice and inhibited the ability of clone 2.14‐0 to clear genital MoPn infection in vivo . The results are consistent with the working hypothesis that the IFN‐γ‐inducible iNOS pathway is involved in the control of Chlamydia by T lymphocytes in mice.
Immersive multiplayer tennis with microsoft kinect and body sensor networks (2012)

We present an immersive gaming demonstration using the minimum amount of wearable sensors. The game demonstrated is two-player tennis. We combine a virtual environment with real 3D representations of physical objects like the players and the tennis racquet (if available). The main objective of the game is to provide as real an experience of tennis as possible, while also being as less intrusive as possible. The game is played across a network, and this opens the possibility of two remote players playing a game together on a single virtual tennis pitch. The Microsoft Kinect sensors are used to obtain a 3D point cloud and a skeletal map representation of the player. This 3D point cloud is mapped on to the virtual tennis pitch. We also use a wireless wearable Attitude and Heading Reference System (AHRS) mote, which is strapped onto the wrist of the players. This mote gives us precise information about the movement (swing, rotation etc.) of the playing arm. This information along with the skeletal map is used to implement the physics of the game. Using this game we demonstrate our solutions for simultaneous data acquisition, 3D point-cloud mapping in a virtual space, use of the Kinect and AHRS sensors to calibrate real and virtual objects and for interaction of virtual objects with a 3D point cloud.
Cross-linked hyaluronan versus collagen for injection treatment of glottal insufficiency: 2-year follow-up (2004)

No long-term side-effects were found for either the hylan B gel or collagen groups after injection treatment. Both treatments resulted in significantly improved voice as rated by the patients and significantly improved glottal closure. Some resorption was noted for both substances, and approximately 25%, of the patients chose re-treatment 2 years after the initial treatment.
Improving Speaker Diarization (2004)

This paper describes the LIMSI speaker diarization system used in the RT-04F evaluation. The RT-04F system builds upon the LIMSI baseline data partitioner, which is used in the broadcast news transcription system. This partitioner provides a high cluster purity but has a tendency to split the data from a speaker into several clusters when there is a large quantity of data for the speaker. In the RT-03S evaluation the baseline partitioner had a 24.5% diarization error rate. Several improvements to the baseline diarization system have been made. A standard Bayesian information criterion (BIC) agglomerative clustering has been integrated replacing the iterative Gaussian mixture model (GMM) clustering; a local BIC criterion is used for comparing single Gaussians with full covariance matrices. A second clustering stage has been added, making use of a speaker identification method: maximum a posteriori adaptation of a reference GMM with 128 Gaussians. A final post-processing stage refines the segment boundaries using the output of the transcription system. Compared to the best configuration baseline system for this task, the improved system reduces the speaker error time by over 75% on the development data. On evaluation data, a 8.5% overall diarization error rate was obtained, a 60% reduction in error compared to the baseline.
Hyperspectral imager characterization and calibration (2009)

Current radiometric calibration standards, specifically blackbody and lamp-based optical radiation sources, produce spatially, spectrally, and temporally simple scenes. Hyperspectral imaging instruments, which in-practice view spatially, spectrally, and temporally complex scenes, would benefit from advanced radiometric artifacts that more closely resemble scenes the sensor will ultimately view. Techniques and artifacts that advance sensor characterization and algorithms that reduce the impact of scattered light on sensor performance are presented in this work. Example applications of the new technologies and algorithms on remote sensing hyperspectral imaging instruments are presented.
Platelet-derived growth factor stimulates tyrosine-specific protein kinase activity in Swiss mouse 3T3 cell membranes. (1982)

Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) stimulates the incorporation of 32P from [gamma-32P]ATP into a Mr approximately 170,000 protein by an endogenous tyrosine-specific protein kinase in membrane preparations of Swiss mouse 3T3 cells. Epidermal growth factor (EGF), but not fibroblast growth factor (FGF) or insulin, stimulates limited incorporation of 32P into a protein of similar molecular weight. The ligand concentration required for half-maximal activity (S0.5) for PDGF stimulation of phosphorylation is 50 ng/ml; saturation is achieved at 300 ng/ml. The S0.5 for ATP is 15 microM. Mg2+ or Mn2+ is required for protein kinase activity. Stimulation of PDGF results in the preferential phosphorylation of tyrosine residues in this Mr approximately 170,000 membrane protein. The Mr approximately 170,000 protein can be resolved into Mr approximately 180,000 and 160,000 components in 4% NaDodSO4 gels. PDGF stimulates 32P incorporation preferentially into the Mr approximately 180,000 and less extensively into the Mr approximately 160,000 protein. EGF stimulates 32P incorporation predominantly into a protein of Mr approximately 160,000. The similarity of PDGF and EGF in stimulating phosphotyrosine-specific protein kinase activity and the stimulation of a similar activity by viral transformation (src) genes suggest that a common mechanism may exist for the phenotypic expression of increased DNA synthesis and cell growth stimulated by these separate factors.
Augmented versus Virtual Reality Laparoscopic Simulation: What Is the Difference? (2007)

In comparison with the VR simulator, the AR laparoscopic simulator was regarded by all participants as a better simulator for laparoscopic skills training on all tested features.
Polarization-Diversified DWDM Receiver on Silicon Free of Polarization-dependent Wavelength Shift (2012)

We demonstrate a monolithically integrated, polarization-diversified silicon receiver chip with 10 wavelength channels at 100-GHz spacing. It has &lt;1.8 dB polarization- dependent loss and zero polarization-dependent wavelength shift. 10 Gbps operation is demonstrated for all channels.
A Self‐Powered Triboelectric Nanosensor for Mercury Ion Detection (2013)

Moving to mercury: The first triboelectric effect-based sensor for the detection of Hg2+ ions by using Au nanoparticles (see picture; red) as electrical performance enhancer and recognition element has been successfully demonstrated. This self-powered and stand-alone triboelectric nanosensor has the advantages of simplicity, low cost, high selectivity, and sensitivity. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Metalloporphyrins as Initiators for Living and Immortal Polymerizations (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleMetalloporphyrins as Initiators for Living and Immortal PolymerizationsTakuzo AidaTakuzo AidaDepartment of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, JapanMore by Takuzo Aida and Shohei Inoue*Shohei InoueDepartment of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan In papers with more than one author, the asterisk indicates the name of the author to whom inquiries about the paper should be addressed.More by Shohei InoueCite this: Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29, 1, 39–48Publication Date (Web):January 10, 1996Publication History Received2 May 1995Published online10 January 1996Published inissue 10 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ar950029lhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ar950029lresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2759Altmetric-Citations344LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Aluminum,Living polymerization,Polymerization,Polymers,Pyrroles Get e-Alerts
Design a Neural Network for Features Selection in Non-intrusive Monitoring of Industrial Electrical Loads (2007)

This paper proposes to compare the performance of neural network classifiers between back propagation (BP) and learning vector quantization (LVQ) for pattern analyses of features selection in a non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM) system. Load recognition for identifying loads being connected and disconnected is applied to a NILM by using a neural network, especially for industrial electrical loads, even though some loads are activated at the nearly same time. In order to accurately decompose the aggregate load into its components, a feature-based model for describing the signatures of individual appliances and load combinations is used. The model will suggest the certain signatures which can be detected for all loads in order to indicate the activities of the separate components. To verify the performance of the model for the features selection, the data sets of the electrical loads and the load recognition techniques apply an electromagnetic transient program (EMTP) and a neural network, respectively. The effectiveness and computation equipment of load recognition are analyzed and compared by using the back propagation classifier and the learning vector quantization classifier. To obtain a maximum recognition accuracy rate, the calculation of the turn-on transient energy signature employs a window of samples, Δt, to adaptively segment a transient representative of a class of loads. Experiments performed with a variety of model data sets which reveal the back propagation classifier is superior to the learning quantization classifier in the effectiveness and computation equipment of load recognition.