gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A new device for highly accurate gas flow control with extremely fast response times (2011)

This paper presents a new type of control scheme and device for controlling gas flow into semiconductor process chambers. The key component of the Gas Flow Controller (GFC) is a high-precision valve with an integrated position sensor, which is used to maintain a constant flow rate. A map lookup scheme is employed to adjust the valve position to accommodate the upstream pressure, including any changes or disturbances. The layout of the flow controller also allows for the incorporation of a pressure-volume-time-temperature-based flow measurement, which is a primary standard flow measurement, to confirm and maintain flow accuracy throughout the device's lifetime. The fast response time of the sensors and the high sampling rate in the control loop enables the control of the gas flow within the order of tens of milliseconds.
Straight-line detection on a gated-connection VLSI network (2002)

An efficient parallel processing algorithm for detecting straight lines on a mesh-connected computer enhanced with a gate-connection network (GCN) is presented. The algorithm is composed of a modified Hough transform that projects compressed pixels in parallel in a given direction and a parallel procedure that extracts the beginning and end points of detected lines. Both parts require the flexible communication capabilities of the enhance mesh. The GCN can be used to dynamically reconfigure the interconnections between hundreds of processors. It is shown how the GCN can electrically connect all of the edge pixels on a straight line. For an n*n pixel array, the algorithm can detect all lines in O(log n) time. Initial experimental results obtained using a simulator of the GCN implemented on a very-large-scale integration (VLSI) chip are presented. Though the accuracy of the algorithm depends largely on the assigned threshold values, the authors believe its speed is superior to that of any other Hough-based technique by a factor of at least two orders of magnitude.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Wild-type p53 mediates positive regulation of gene expression through a specific DNA sequence element. (1992)

It has been reported recently that the wild-type p53 gene product can positively regulate the expression of a test gene adjacent to the enhancer-promoter elements of the murine muscle-specific creatine kinase (MCK) gene. This discussion reports the identification of a wild-type p53 protein-specific DNA-binding element located within the p53-responsive region of the MCK enhancer-promoter element. This p53 protein/DNA-binding element has been defined by DNase I footprint analysis, which identified a 50-bp region. This 50-bp sequence was sufficient to confer wild-type p53 responsiveness on a heterologous minimal promoter. The mutant forms of p53 protein are much less capable of stimulating this DNA element. This study has identified the first example of a naturally occurring wild-type p53-specific DNA-binding element that is able to mediate positive regulation of a test gene. The results suggest a biological function in gene regulation for the wild-type p53 protein that is lost or altered in the mutant p53 proteins.
Structural characterization of alkyne and vinylidene isomers of [Ru(C2H2)(PMe2Ph)2(Cp)][BF4] (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructural characterization of alkyne and vinylidene isomers of [Ru(C2H2)(PMe2Ph)2(Cp)][BF4]Jeffrey R. Lomprey and John P. SelegueCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 14, 5518–5523Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1992https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00040a005RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views273Altmetric-Citations86LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (765 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Antigen acquisition by dendritic cells: intestinal dendritic cells acquire antigen administered orally and can prime naive T cells in vivo. (1993)

In the rat, mesenteric lymphadenectomy allows collection of dendritic cells (DC) derived from the small intestine after cannulation of the thoracic duct. We prepared rats this way and administered antigens by oral feeding or intraintestinal injection. DC enriched from the thoracic duct lymph collected over the first 24 h from these animals are able to stimulate sensitized T cells in vitro and to prime popliteal lymph node CD4+ T cells after footpad injection, while B and T cells from the same thoracic duct lymph are inert in priming. 500 or less DC pulsed in vitro with antigen can prime T cells in vivo, whereas 100 times more B cells or macrophages pulsed in vitro are quite inert. 1 mg of ovalbumin administered orally is sufficient to load DC for in vivo priming of T cells. Antigen could not be detected directly in DC but was present in macrophages in the lamina propria. Direct presentation of antigen by DC to T cells was demonstrated by injecting F1 recipients with parental DC and showing restriction of T cell sensitization to the major histocompatibility complex of the injected DC. Antigen-bearing DC do not induce a detectable primary antibody response but a small secondary antibody response can be detected after a boosting injection. These results show that acquisition of antigens by DC in the intestine is very similar to what occurs in vitro or in other tissues, suggesting that there may be no special difference in antigen handling at mucosal surfaces. One implication of these results is that hypotheses designed to explain oral tolerance must take into account the presence of immunostimulatory, antigen-bearing DC in animals that have received oral antigens.
Strategies for successful recombinant expression of disulfide bond-dependent proteins in Escherichia coli (2009)

Bacteria are simple and cost effective hosts for producing recombinant proteins. However, their physiological features may limit their use for obtaining in native form proteins of some specific structural classes, such as for instance polypeptides that undergo extensive post-translational modifications. To some extent, also the production of proteins that depending on disulfide bridges for their stability has been considered difficult in E. coli.Both eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms keep their cytoplasm reduced and, consequently, disulfide bond formation is impaired in this subcellular compartment. Disulfide bridges can stabilize protein structure and are often present in high abundance in secreted proteins. In eukaryotic cells such bonds are formed in the oxidizing environment of endoplasmic reticulum during the export process. Bacteria do not possess a similar specialized subcellular compartment, but they have both export systems and enzymatic activities aimed at the formation and at the quality control of disulfide bonds in the oxidizing periplasm.This article reviews the available strategies for exploiting the physiological mechanisms of bactera to produce properly folded disulfide-bonded proteins.
High resolution dopant profiling using a tunable AC scanning tunneling microscope (2001)

Nonlinear tunable high frequency AC scanning tunneling microscopy (ACSTM) and spectroscopy have been applied to profiling dopants at ultrahigh resolution in patterned semiconductors. With difference frequency measurements on uniformly doped Si, we have shown that ACSTM is sensitive to both dopant type and density. The difference frequency signal vs. applied bias voltage gives a spectral signature characteristic of dopant type and density. We are then able to use a spectroscopic imaging mode to map the dopant density at ultrahigh resolution. The difference frequency signal is advantageous in that while two (or more) frequencies are applied to the ACSTM probe tip, a much lower mixed frequency is recorded. The background at this lower frequency is greatly reduced and detection is simplified.
Dendritic Cells and Macrophages in Lung Allografts: A Role in Chronic Rejection? (2000)

Antigen presentation by lung macrophages/dendritic cells (DC) is thought to be important in obliterative bronchiolitis/bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (OB/BOS), which severely limits survival post-lung transplantation. However, a recent study found minimal numbers of DC in lung allografts. We looked at numbers and phenotype of macrophages/DC in lung allografts using endobronchial biopsy (EBB) and transbronchial biopsy (TBB) from 22 lung transplant patients. Biopsies were stained with monoclonal markers of DC (CD1a, RFD1, and major histocompatibility complex [MHC] Class II), and "suppressor macrophages" (RFD1 and RFD7). Dendritic cells were also stained for the costimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86. Significantly greater numbers of DC/high-power field (HPF) were seen in biopsies when we defined DC using dendritic morphology and Class II MHC expression instead of CD1a expression. Dendritic cell numbers were significantly higher in eight patients with OB/BOS compared with 14 stable patients. Fifty percent of DC expressed CD86 and 20% expressed CD80. There was no difference in CD80 or CD86 expression between OB/BOS patients and stable patients. There was no correlation between DC numbers and presence or absence of acute rejection (AR), and/or cytomegalovirus (CMV) pneumonitis on current or prior biopsies. There were significantly more MHC Class II DC in EBB compared with TBB. We found minimal staining for lung macrophages capable of suppressing T-cell inflammation. We conclude that studies of lung allografts may underestimate DC numbers if relying on CD1a as the sole marker of DC. DC are increased in patients with OB/BOS compared with stable patients. EBB may be more important than TBB in looking for inflammatory changes of OB. DC expressing costimulatory molecules are present in lung allografts, and costimulatory pathway blockade may be useful in human lung allografts. Also, the absence of "suppressor" macrophages may increase susceptibility of human lung allografts to the rejection process.
Low concentrations of tetramethylammonium chloride increase yield and specificity of PCR (1995)

Journal Article Low concentrations of tetramethylammonium chloride increase yield and specificity of PCR Get access Eric Chevet, Eric Chevet Laboratoire de Recherche sur la Croissance Cellulaire, la Reparation et la Regeneration TissulairesURA No. 1813 CNRS, Universite Paris XII - Val de Marne, 61, Avenue du General de Gaulle, 94010 Creteil Cedex, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Gilles Lema^e, Gilles Lema^e Laboratoire de Recherche sur la Croissance Cellulaire, la Reparation et la Regeneration TissulairesURA No. 1813 CNRS, Universite Paris XII - Val de Marne, 61, Avenue du General de Gaulle, 94010 Creteil Cedex, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Michaël Doron Katinka Michaël Doron Katinka * Laboratoire de Recherche sur la Croissance Cellulaire, la Reparation et la Regeneration TissulairesURA No. 1813 CNRS, Universite Paris XII - Val de Marne, 61, Avenue du General de Gaulle, 94010 Creteil Cedex, France * To whom correspondence should be addressed Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 23, Issue 16, 25 August 1995, Pages 3343–3344, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/23.16.3343 Published: 25 August 1995 Article history Received: 30 June 1995 Accepted: 19 July 1995 Published: 25 August 1995
Effects of Hydrogen Sulfide on the Performance of a PEMFC (2003)

An exploratory study of poisoning of membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) consisting of Pt and Pt-Ru alloy electrodes is presented. Steady-state polarization curves are reported for each electrode after exposure to 50 ppm at 70°C. Significant findings include partial recovery of the MEA after 3.8 h of exposure to the degree of the recovery is influenced by the electrochemical oxidation of two surface species observed during cyclic voltammetry experiments; in contrast to CO poisoning, Ru has no effect on increasing MEA tolerance toward poisoning; and increasing the Pt loading by 60% appears to quadruple the partially recovered current density at 0.6 V (i.e., for Pt-Ru alloy and for Pt electrodes) after exposure to neat for 24 h. © 2003 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
The perceptual analysis measurement system for robust end-to-end speech quality assessment (2002)

The perceptual analysis measurement system (PAMS) is an objective model designed to evaluate the perceived speech quality of telephone networks. Two key network properties, linear filtering and variable bulk delay, made previous models unsuitable for end-to-end measurement. This paper outlines the innovations that allow PAMS to take these properties into account. Variable delay occurs in packet-based transmission such as voice over IP. It is addressed by a time alignment algorithm that identifies delay changes in silent periods and during speech. Linear filtering, typically caused by analogue interfaces, is dealt with using a transfer function estimation and equalisation technique designed for robustness to non-linear distortions. A further development is the use of a constrained non-linear regression method to map error parameters to predicted subjective quality. Applications are discussed including the selection, optimisation and monitoring of telephone systems. Results are presented performance of PAMS across 28 telephony subjective tests.
A Complex Image Rejection Circuit With Sign Detection Only (2006)

In direct-conversion receivers, radio frequency (RF) signals are down-converted to low or zero intermediate frequency (IF) using complex in-phase and quadrature (I/Q) mixers with no prior image filtering. Due to I/Q path gain and phase errors, image leaks into the signal band during the down-conversion process. A generic image rejection algorithm is proposed to reject image in the baseband using a zero-forcing sign-sign adaptive feedback concept. The orthonormal property of complex I/Q channels is exploited to update their gain and phase errors by detecting only four signs, and image is corrected with four multiplications and two additions. The proposed image rejection algorithm can be implemented in a digital, analog, or hybrid form. A complex baseband sample and hold (S/H) with a digital error detector, which is a hybrid example, achieves an image rejection of 65 dB while sampling at 40 MS/s. The prototype chip fabricated in 0.18-mum CMOS occupies 800times450 mum <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , and consumes 23 mW at 1.8 V
3D printable multilayer phased array design (2015)

To achieve high gain and electronic beam steering, phased array systems are commonly used. The phased array technique plays an important role in sensing and communication systems. Practical phased array system usually consists of many components including RF power feeding networks, antennas, and active parts such as phase shifters and amplifiers. Single-layer implementation of phased arrays usually leads to large system size and limited applicability as the functionality becomes more complex. Multilayer structure is useful to make the system compact. In addition, it increases the flexibility to add more functions by increasing the total structure thickness without increasing the footprint size. However, it is more challenging to design and fabricate multilayer phased array. The vertical transitions between layers require careful design to have low loss and conventional fabrication technique may not be cost effective. Additive manufacturing (AM), which enables 3D objects of arbitrary shape to be printed automatically layer by layer, is a potentially promising technique to manufacture multilayer phased array that has reduced size and cost but still possesses good electromagnetic performance.
Protein Recognition by an Ensemble of Fluorescent DNA G‐Quadruplexes (2009)

Sniffing out proteins: Fluorescent DNA G-quadruplexes have been used for building versatile signaling receptors for proteins in a single solution. Introducing a protein sample to the ensemble results in a unique emission signature for unambiguous identification (see scheme, R = fluorophore). The self-assembled, pattern-based protein detection systems are easily fabricated, have the potential for high-throughput operations, and have the ability to handle small protein samples.
Viruses and cancer (1985)

This book contains 14 selections. Some of the titles are: Immortalising gene(s) encoded by Epstein-Barr Virus; Adenovirus genes involved in transformation. What determines the oncogenic phenotype.; Oncogenesis by mouse mammary tumour virus; and Transforming ras genes.
A Study of Ablation by Short Wavelength Pulse Laser. A Photothermal Modeling for Etching Mechanism of Polymer. (1993)

紫外, 可視, 赤外各波長の短パルスレーザを用いてポリイミドの除去加工を行い, これらの現象が光熱作用に基づくものと仮定し, この熱により温度上昇が起こり除去が達成されるというモデルから数値解析を行ない, 照射実験との比較を行った.その結果各波長のレーザによる除去加工のしきい値エネルギー密度はいずれも材料の気化開始温度と密接な関係があることや, 繰返し周波数を変えた場合の加工現象の違いは蓄熱作用を考慮した数値計算結果とよく一致することがわかった.これより短波長レーザにおいても, 波長毎に決まる材料の光吸収係数や比熱などの熱特性はレーザ加工特性を決定する重要な因子であることが推察される.また短波長レーザ加工の低熱損傷性, パルスごとの制御における優位性は, 深さ方向の温度分布やパルス休止時間中の冷却から理解でき, 蓄熱作用が起こりにくいためパルスごとの除去量が一定で, 繰返し周波数の影響を受けにくいことがわかった.本理論より除去における繰返し周波数の影響はレーザ波長や材料により異なることがわかるが, 数値計算よりYAG第4高調波によるポリイミドの加工では, 1000pps程度の高繰り返し照射でも蓄熱の影響がなく, 低熱損傷加工が可能であることが予測できる.
Growth Hormone Treatment of Abdominally Obese Men Reduces Abdominal Fat Mass, Improves Glucose and Lipoprotein Metabolism, and Reduces Diastolic Blood Pressure<sup>1</sup> (1997)

The most central findings in both GH deficiency in adults and the metabolic syndrome are abdominal/visceral obesity and insulin resistance. Abdominal obesity is associated with blunted GH secretion and low serum insulin-like growth factor-I concentrations. GH treatment in GH-deficient adults has demonstrated favorable effects on most of the features of GH deficiency in adults, but it is not known whether GH can improve some of the metabolic aberrations observed in abdominal/visceral obesity. Thirty men, 48-66 yr old, with abdominal/visceral obesity were treated with recombinant human GH (rhGH) in a 9-month randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. The daily dose of rhGH was 9.5 micrograms/kg. Body fat was assessed from total body potassium, and abdominal sc and visceral adipose tissue was measured using computed tomography. The glucose disposal rate (GDR) was measured during an euglycemic, hyperinsulinemic glucose clamp. In response to the rhGH treatment, total body fat and abdominal sc and visceral adipose tissue decreased by 9.2 +/- 2.4%, 6.1 +/- 3.2%, and 18.1 +/- 7.6%, respectively. After an initial decrease in the GDR at 6 weeks, the GDR increased in the rhGH-treated group as compared with the placebo-treated one (P < 0.05). The mean serum concentrations of total cholesterol (P < 0.01) and triglyceride (P < 0.05) decreased, whereas blood glucose and serum insulin concentrations were unaffected by the rhGH treatment. Furthermore, diastolic blood pressure decreased and systolic blood pressure was unchanged in response to rhGH treatment. This trial has demonstrated that GH can favorably affect some of the multiple perturbations associated with abdominal/visceral obesity. This includes a reduction in abdominal/visceral obesity, an improved insulin sensitivity, and favorable effects on lipoprotein metabolism and diastolic blood pressure.
Scaffolds for bone tissue engineering: role of surface patterning on osteoblast response (2013)

The fabrication of tissue engineering scaffolds necessitates amalgamation of a multitude of attributes including a desirable porosity to encourage vascular invasion, desired surface chemistry for controlled deposition of calcium phosphate-based mineral as well as ability to support attachment, proliferation, and differentiation of lineage specific progenitor cells. Scaffold fabrication often includes additional surface treatments to bring about desired changes in the surface chemistry. In this perspective, this review documents the important natural and synthetic scaffolds fabricated for bone tissue engineering applications in tandem with the surface treatment techniques to maneuver the biocompatibility of engineered scaffolds. This review begins with a discussion on the fundamental concepts related to biocompatibility as well as the characteristics of the biological micro-environment. The primary focus is to discuss the effects of surface micro/nano patterning on the modulation of bone cell response. Apart from reviewing a host of experimental studies reporting the functionality of osteoblast-like bone cells and stem cells on surface modified or textured bioceramic/biopolymer scaffolds, theoretical insights to predict cell behavior on a scaffold with different topographical features are also briefly analyzed.
Wireless in-building network architecture and protocols (1991)

The topology, protocols and architecture for an 18-GHz wireless in-building network (WIN) aimed at office environments are described. The problems of controlling an array of directional antennas, using half-duplex radios and compensating for channel errors are addressed. The protocols provide robustness in the face of changing radio environment that requires no user intervention and provides low user delay and high system throughput.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
The Time-Series Link Prediction Problem with Applications in Communication Surveillance (2008)

The ability to predict linkages among data objects is central to many data mining tasks, such as product recommendation and social network analysis. Substantial literature has been devoted to the link prediction problem either as an implicitly embedded problem in specific applications or as a generic data mining task. This literature has mostly adopted a static graph representation where a snapshot of the network is analyzed to predict hidden or future links. However, this representation is only appropriate to investigate whether a certain link will ever occur and does not apply to many applications for which the prediction of the repeated link occurrences are of primary interest (e.g., communication network surveillance). In this paper, we introduce the time-series link prediction problem, taking into consideration temporal evolutions of link occurrences to predict link occurrence probabilities at a particular time. Using Enron e-mail data and high-energy particle physics literature coauthorship data, we have demonstrated that time-series models of single-link occurrences achieve comparable link prediction performance with commonly used static graph link prediction algorithms. Furthermore, a combination of static graph link prediction algorithms and time-series models produced significantly better predictions over static graph link prediction methods, demonstrating the great potential of integrated methods that exploit both interlink structural dependencies and intralink temporal dependencies.