gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
DTD-driven bilingual document generation (2000)

Extensively annotated bilingual parallel corpora can be exploited to feed editing tools that integrate the processes of document composition and translation. Here we discuss the architecture of an interactive editing tool that, on top of techniques common to most Translation Memory-based systems, applies the potential of SGML's DTDs to guide the process of bilingual document generation. Rather than employing just simple task-oriented mark-up, we selected a set of TEI's highly complex and versatile collection of tags to help disclose the underlying logical structure of documents in the test-corpus. DTDs were automatically induced and later integrated in the editing tool to provide the basic scheme for new documents.
Hydrogen adsorption in a nickel based coordination polymer with open metal sites in the cylindrical cavities of the desolvated framework (2006)

The solvent contained within the cylindrical one-dimensional pores of the novel three-dimensional metal organic framework Ni2(dhtp)(H2O)2.8H2O can be removed without decomposition of the network, allowing gas storage within the cavities.
Acidic sphingomyelinase-generated ceramide is needed but not sufficient for TNF-induced apoptosis and nuclear factor-kappa B activation (1996)

Previously we have shown that treatment of ML-1a cells with TNF in the presence of cycloheximide triggers apoptosis within 90 min. In the present report we used this system to investigate the role of ceramide in TNF action. We found that while maximum DNA fragmentation response was induced by 1 nM TNF, the synthetic membrane-permeable C-2, C-6, and C-8 ceramides had no effect even up to 40 microM concentration. To investigate the roles of ceramide in TNF action, we used ((2-isopropyl-1-(4-[3-N-methyl-N-(3,4-dimethoxy-phenethyl)amino] propyloxy)benzenesulfonyl))indolizine (SR33557), a potent inhibitor of acidic but not neutral sphingomyelinase (SMase). Even though ceramides by themselves did not mimic TNF, we found that SR33557 inhibited TNF-induced apoptosis and the addition of ceramide reversed this effect, indicating that ceramide generated by acidic SMase is involved in TNF action. The addition of SR33557 to cells at 0 or at 30 min after TNF treatment showed inhibition, but the addition 60 min later had no effect, indicating that an SR33557-sensitive step is located between 30 and 60 min of signal transduction. Since ceramide has been shown to play a role in TNF-mediated activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B), we examined the effect of SR33557 on this early cellular response of TNF. Surprisingly, this inhibitor of ceramide production was found to have no effect on TNF-mediated NF-kappa B activation, thus suggesting that SR33557-sensitive acidic SMase is not involved in this process. From these results, we concluded that ceramide is needed for certain TNF-mediated cellular responses, but it alone may not be sufficient.
NRC-Canada: Building the State-of-the-Art in Sentiment Analysis of Tweets (2013)

In this paper, we describe how we created two state-of-the-art SVM classifiers, one to detect the sentiment of messages such as tweets and SMS (message-level task) and one to detect the sentiment of a term within a submissions stood first in both tasks on tweets, obtaining an F-score of 69.02 in the message-level task and 88.93 in the term-level task. We implemented a variety of surface-form, semantic, and sentiment features. with sentiment-word hashtags, and one from tweets with emoticons. In the message-level task, the lexicon-based features provided a gain of 5 F-score points over all others. Both of our systems can be replicated us available resources.
Biological characterization of clones derived from the edmonston strain of measles virus in comparison with schwarz and CAM-70 vaccine strains (1996)

Four virus clones were derived from the Edmonston strain of measles virus by repeated plaque purification. These clones were compared with the vaccine strains Schwarz and CAM-70 in terms of biological activities including plaque formation, hemagglutination, hemolysis and replication in Vero cells and chick embryo fibroblasts (CEF). Two clones of intermediate plaque yielded mixed plaque populations on subcultivation whereas the other two, showing small and large plaque sizes, showed stable plaque phenotypes. The vaccine strains showed consistent homogeneous plaque populations. All the Edmonston clones showed agglutination of monkey erythrocytes in isotonic solution while both vaccine strains hemagglutinated only in the presence of high salt concentrations. Variation in the hemolytic activity was observed among the four clones but no hemolytic activity was detected for the vaccine virus strains. Vaccine strains replicated efficiently both in Vero cells and CEF. All four clones showed efficient replication in Vero cells but different replication profiles in CEF. Two of them replicated efficiently, one was of intermediate efficiency and the other showed no replication in CEF. Two of the clones showed characteristics similar to vaccine strains. One in terms of size and homogeneity of plaques, the other for a low hemolytic activity and both for the efficiency of propagation in CEF.
Tape group parity protection (2003)

We propose a new method of ensuring the redundant storage of information on tertiary storage, especially tape storage. Conventional methods for redundant data storage on tape include mirroring (storing the data twice) and Redundant Arrays of Inexpensive Tapes (RAIT). Mirroring incurs high storage costs, while RAIT is inflexible because special hardware is used and all tapes in a stripe must be loaded to read a file. Our method, Tape Group Parity Protection (TGPP), writes parity data asynchronously, The data area in each tape is divided into fixed-size regions. A collection of tape regions from different tapes are collected into a protection group. Parity data of the tape regions are computed, stored, and eventually migrated to tape. By using the disk cache to buffer the unmigrated parity data, all write operations can be performed asynchronously. Because each tape can be written independently, no special hardware is required to read the tapes, and individual tapes can be manipulated and transferred. In this paper we discuss TGPP, alternatives for managing TGPP groups, and their relative performance.
Mechanical Circulatory Devices for the Treatment of Heart Failure (1999)

The clinical experience with mechanical circulatory devices as a bridge to cardiac transplantation has saved the lives of thousands of patients. Exciting new research discoveries related to recovery of native heart function during extended circulatory support have provided new hope for many more patients. Additional research efforts currently underway are being tested at various laboratories around the world and will soon provide the next generation of systems. These new systems will offer the recipients an unparalleled quality of life with minimal limitations on daily activities. The progress in this field has reached the point where circulatory support will soon be considered a valid long-term or permanent therapy and an elective to transplantation.
Supported Chiral Mo-Based Complexes as Efficient Catalysts for Enantioselective Olefin Metathesis (2004)

Syntheses and catalytic activities of seven new polymer-supported chiral Mo-based complexes are disclosed. Four of the complexes are polystyrene-based, and three involve polynorbornene supports. Studies concerning the ability of the polymer-bound chiral complexes to promote an assortment of asymmetric ring-closing (ARCM) and ring-opening (AROM) metathesis reactions are detailed. In many instances, levels of reactivity and enantioselectivity are competitive with those of the analogous homogeneous catalysts. The positive effect of lower cross-linking within the polymer backbone on reaction efficiency and asymmetric induction is detailed. The optically enriched products obtained through the use of the supported complexes, after simple filtration and removal of the supported Mo catalysts, contain significantly lower levels of metal impurities as compared to products synthesized with the corresponding homogeneous catalysts.
Monolithic integration of VLS silicon nanowires into planar thermoelectric microgenerators (2011)

La creciente demanda de energia portatil requerida por sistemas miniaturizados esta impulsando el desarrollo de nuevas tecnologias y materiales para lograr una eficiente generacion de energia a una microescala. Los microgeneradores termoelectricos ofrecen una oportunidad para recolectar el calor residual de dispositivos electronicos y convertirlo en energia, eliminando a la vez dicho calor. La baja eficiencia de conversion termoelectrica de los materiales semiconductores utilizados actualmente en microelectronica ha limitado su aplicacion para fines de aprovechamiento energetico. Sin embargo, recientemente se ha constatado una mejora de varios ordenes de magnitud en las propiedades termoelectricas del silicio cuando se presenta en forma de nanohilos, abriendose de esta manera la oportunidad para la integracion de generadores termoelectricos en microtecnologia de silicio. En esta tesis se han integrado monoliticamente matrices densas y ordenadas de nanohilos de silicio (Si NWs) en un dispositivo micromecanizado tambien en silicio. La tecnica VLS-CVD ha sido utilizada para el crecimiento lateral controlado de los nanohilos. La microestructura ha sido apropiadamente disenada para adaptar el crecimiento tridimensional de las matrices de nanohilos de silicio en una arquitectura plana y para asegurar el acceso electrico a los nanohilos. Adicionalmente, el dispositivo permite el establecimiento de un gradiente de temperatura interno plano cuando se pone en contacto con una fuente de calor, lo que da lugar a un microgenerador termoelectrico completo en el que los nanohilos de silicio actuan como el material termoelectrico nanoestructurado. Esta tesis tiene por objeto presentar los primeros desarrollos de integracion de materiales termoelectricos, tecnicas de caracterizacion y tecnologias de fabricacion realizados en el IMB-CNM (CSIC), sentando las bases para el desarrollo de futuras generaciones de microgeneradores termoelectricos. Esta tesis se compone de cuatro capitulos. En el primer capitulo se presenta una breve introduccion al mundo de la termoelectricidad, revisando el estado del arte de materiales y dispositivos termoelectricos. El segundo capitulo esta enfocado en las tecnicas experimentales y tecnologicas empleadas a lo largo del estudio. El capitulo tres describe el proceso seguido para el diseno, simulacion y fabricacion de un microgenerador termoelectrico plano basado en una sola matriz de nanohilos de silicio. Finalmente, el capitulo cuatro estudia el aumento en el rendimiento de los microgeneradoes termoelectricos mediante matrices de nanohilos de silicio conectadas transversalmente, adaptando y explotando aun mas el crecimiento lateral 3D de nanohilos de silicio VLS.
Detection and Identification of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> Directly from Sputum Sediments by Ligase Chain Reaction (1998)

Sputum specimens received for the diagnosis of tuberculosis or other mycobacterial infections were tested by a ligase chain reaction (LCR)-based assay and acid-fast stain and culture techniques. Results from the LCR assay (Abbott LCx Mycobacterium tuberculosis [MTB] Assay) were compared to results from standard culture techniques held for 6 weeks. Four hundred ninety-three specimens from 205 patients suspected of pulmonary tuberculosis were included in the prospective study. Thirty-four (6.9%) of the specimens were culture positive for M. tuberculosis, and 13 (38%) of these were also fluorochrome stain positive. LCR sensitivities and specificities compared to culture were 74 and 98%, respectively. LCR sensitivity was 100% for fluorochrome stain-positive specimens and 57% for fluorochrome stain-negative specimens. Nine LCR-negative, culture-positive specimens were the result of low concentrations of M. tuberculosis. No inhibitors were detected in any of these specimens. Of the eight LCR-positive, culture-negative specimens, five were from patients with active tuberculosis. With these considered culture misses, final LCR sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 77, 99, 91, and 98%, respectively. The same performance values for the fluorochrome acid-fast bacillus smear were 33, 98, 62, and 94%, respectively. After normal laboratory sputum processing, the Abbott LCx MTB Assay can be completed in 6 h. Thus, it is possible to have results available within 8 h of specimen submission.
Minding metals: Tailoring multifunctional chelating agents for neurodegenerative disease (2009)

Neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease are associated with elevated levels of iron, copper, and zinc and consequentially high levels of oxidative stress. Given the multifactorial nature of these diseases, it is becoming evident that the next generation of therapies must have multiple functions to combat multiple mechanisms of disease progression. Metal-chelating agents provide one such function as an intervention for ameliorating metal-associated damage in degenerative diseases. Targeting chelators to adjust localized metal imbalances in the brain, however, presents significant challenges. In this perspective, we focus on some noteworthy advances in the area of multifunctional metal chelators as potential therapeutic agents for neurodegenerative diseases. In addition to metal chelating ability, these agents also contain features designed to improve their uptake across the blood-brain barrier, increase their selectivity for metals in damage-prone environments, increase antioxidant capabilities, lower Abeta peptide aggregation, or inhibit disease-associated enzymes such as monoamine oxidase and acetylcholinesterase.
Digital spectropolarimeter for the measurement of optical polarization (1992)

A computerized setup for optical polarization measurements is described. The heart of this setup is a photoelastic modulator (PEM) whose retardation phase can be kept constant when the wavelength of modulated light is scanned in a wide range, and a dual-channel gated photon counter which has the capability of compensating the variation of excitation intensity with time and wavelength. Unlike conventional analog setups, where the difference of two perpendicularly polarized light components (I+ − I−) and the average of these components 1/2(I+ + I−) are extracted electronically and the ratio 2(I+ − I−)/(I+ + I−) is recorded as degree of polarization, this spectropolarimeter directly records the I+ and I− components (for circular polarization) or I∥ and I⊥ components (for linear polarization) of the analyzed light signal. Once the spectra of the two components are stored as a numerical file in the computer, they can be processed to extract the degree of polarization as a function of wavelength, temperature, etc. The curvature and asymmetry of the modulator response are taken into account exactly in data processing. The spectropolarimeter has proved to be very accurate due to the capability of compensating the fluctuation in excitation source and of electronically tracking the modulation wavelength.
Optimal filter design for fixed delay tree search with decision feedback (2002)

Fixed delay tree search with decision feedback (FDTS/DF) is a hybrid detection scheme which incorporates a sequence detector into the decision feedback equalizer (DFE). It has been shown previously that the relatively simple FDTS/DF provides a near optimal detection performance for runlength-constrained data storage channels. This paper introduces a design criterion for choosing tap weights for the constrained-complexity FDTS/DF, which assumes the finite impulse response (FIR) structure for its forward and feedback filters. A method to compute optimal tap weights for the forward and feedback filters is then presented for a magnetic recording channel subject to the popular minimum runlength constraint d=1. Results show that under the d=1 constraint, FDTS/DF with one-bit decision delay achieves a large performance improvement over DFE.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Protecting xen hypercalls : intrusion detection/ prevention in a virtualization environment (2009)

During the past few years virtualization has strongly reemerged from the shadow of the mainframe generation as a promising technology for the new generation of computers. Both the research and industry communities have recently looked at virtualization as a solution for security and reliability. With the increased usage and dependence on this technology, security issues of virtualization are becoming more and more relevant. This thesis looks at the challenge of securing Xen, a popular open source virtualization technology. We analyze security properties of the Xen architecture, propose and implement different security schemes including authenticated hypercalls, hypercall access table and hypercall stack trace verification to secure Xen hypercalls (which are analogous to system calls in the OS world). The security analysis shows that hypercall attacks could be a real threat to the Xen virtualization architecture (i.e., hypercalls could be exploited to inject malicious code into the virtual machine monitor (VMM) by a compromised guest OS), and effective hypercall protection measures can prevent this threat. The initial performance analysis shows that our security measures are efficient in terms of execution time and space.
Systemic Immunological Changes Induced by Administration of Grass Pollen Allergens via the Oral Mucosa during Sublingual Immunotherapy (1999)

Twenty-four patients suffering from grass pollen allergy underwent sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) with standardized grass pollen extract for 1 year. In order to investigate immunological changes induced by the administration of allergens via the oral mucosa, the SLIT-spit method was applied. The cumulative dose of approximately 80 microg of major allergen (grass group 5 allergen), was relatively low. During the time of treatment, we could observe a significant increase in the levels of specific IgG and IgG4 antibodies. However, the titers of allergen-specific IgE antibodies showed a significant increase in the course of SLIT as well. Analyzing lymphoproliferative responses, a significant decrease in reactivity in response to stimulation with complete grass pollen extract (p = 0. 001) and to recombinant Phl p 1 (a major allergen of timothy grass, p<0.001) could be observed, indicating the induction of immunological tolerance. Proliferative responses to a control antigen (tetanus toxoid) were not influenced by the treatment. At different time points during SLIT, allergen (Phl p 1)-specific T cell clones (TCC) were established from the peripheral blood of the patients. Cytokine production by allergen-stimulated T cells did not reveal any changes consistent with immune deviation, i.e. the ratio of Th1/Th2 TCC did not change during SLIT. In conclusion, we provide evidence that sublingual treatment leads to systemic changes in immunoreactivity to the administered allergen.
Flash crowd mitigation via adaptive admission control based on application-level observations (2005)

We design an adaptive admission control mechanism, network early warning system (NEWS), to protect servers and networks from flash crowds and maintain high performance for end-users. NEWS detects flash crowds from performance degradation in responses and mitigates flash crowds by admitting incoming requests adaptively. We evaluate NEWS performance with both simulations and testbed experiments. We first investigate a network-limited scenarion in simulations. We find that NEWS detects flash crowds within 20 seconds. By discarding 32% of incoming requests, NEWS protects the target server and networks from overloading, reducing the response packet drop rate from 25% to 2%. For admitted requests, NEWS increases their response rate by two times. This performance is similar to the best static rate limiter deployed in the same scenario. We also investigate the impact of detection intervals on NEWS performance, showing it affects both detection delay and false alarm rate. We further consider a server memory-limited scenario in testbed experiments, confirming that NEWS is also effective in this case. We also examine the runtime cost of NEWS traffic monitoring in practice and find that it consumes little CPU time and relatively small memory. Finally, we show NEWS effectively protects bystander traffic from flash crowds.
Lack of TIM-3 Immunoregulation in Multiple Sclerosis (2008)

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease of the CNS white matter associated with T cell infiltrates and alterations of immune functions that can be measured in the peripheral immune system. TIM-3 has been identified as a central regulator of IFN-gamma-secreting type 1 Th (Th1) cells and immune tolerance. In this study, using a newly generated mAb against human TIM-3, we examined TIM-3 function on ex vivo CD4(+) T cells isolated from the circulation of healthy subjects and patients with MS. Blocking TIM-3 during T cell stimulation significantly enhanced IFN-gamma secretion in control subjects but had no effect in untreated patients with MS, demonstrating a defect in TIM-3 immunoregulation. Treatment with glatiramer acetate or IFN-beta reversed this functional defect. Reduced levels and altered kinetics of T cell TIM-3 expression, which was restored in treated patients, is one mechanism that can explain the loss of TIM-3 regulation of T cell function in untreated patients with MS. These data provide functional, mechanistic data for dysregulated TIM-3 immunoregulation in a human autoimmune disease and suggest that approved therapies for the treatment of MS may function in part by restoring TIM-3 immunoregulation of T cell function.
Dissolution of silicate minerals by hydrofluoric acid (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDissolution of silicate minerals by hydrofluoric acidWilliam E. Kline and H. Scott FoglerCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Fundamen. 1981, 20, 2, 155–161Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i100002a008https://doi.org/10.1021/i100002a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1470Altmetric-Citations55LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts