Livsstil är praktiker, värden och livsinnehåll genom vilka den personliga identiteten får ett socialt sammanhang. Till en hälsosam livsstil kan höra tron på brain fitness, att med fysiska och mentala aktiviteter och kost förbättra den mentala kapaciteten.
English: Activities good for mental health and cognition improvement. 1. Physical activity Voss, Michelle W., et al. "Exercise, brain, and cognition across the life span." Journal of Applied Physiology 111.5 (2011): 1505-1513. Roig, Marc, et al. "The effects of cardiovascular exercise on human memory: a review with meta-analysis." Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews 37.8 (2013): 1645-1666. Smith, Patrick J., et al. "Aerobic exercise and neurocognitive performance: a meta-analytic review of randomized controlled trials." Psychosomatic medicine 72.3 (2010): 239. Liu-Ambrose, Teresa, and Meghan G. Donaldson. "Exercise and cognition in older adults: is there a role for resistance training programmes?" British journal of sports medicine 43.1 (2009): 25-27. Longstreth, Heather. The effects of yoga on stress response and memory: A literature review. Diss. ROOSEVELT UNIVERSITY, 2014. Jansen, Petra, Jan Kellner, and Cornelia Rieder. "The Improvement of Mental Rotation Performance in Second Graders after Creative Dance Training." Creative Education 4.06 (2013): 418. Samitz, Guenther, Matthias Egger, and Marcel Zwahlen. "Domains of physical activity and all-cause mortality: systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of cohort studies." International journal of epidemiology 40.5 (2011): 1382-1400. Law, Lawla LF, et al. "Effects of combined cognitive and exercise interventions on cognition in older adults with and without cognitive impairment: a systematic review." Ageing research reviews 15 (2014): 61-75. 2. Reading Stanovich, K. E., and A. E. Cunningham. "What reading does for the mind." Journal of Direct Instructions 1.2 (2001): 137-149. Stanovich, Keith E., and Anne E. Cunningham. "Where does knowledge come from? Specific associations between print exposure and information acquisition." Journal of Educational Psychology 85.2 (1993): 211. 3. Language learning Adesope, Olusola O., et al. "A systematic review and meta-analysis of the cognitive correlates of bilingualism." Review of Educational Research 80.2 (2010): 207-245. Bialystok, Ellen, Fergus IM Craik, and Gigi Luk. "Bilingualism: consequences for mind and brain." Trends in cognitive sciences 16.4 (2012): 240-250. Freedman, Morris, et al. "Delaying onset of dementia: are two languages enough?" Behavioural neurology 2014 (2014). 4. Meditation Sedlmeier, Peter, et al. "The psychological effects of meditation: a meta-analysis." Psychological bulletin 138.6 (2012): 1139. Goyal, Madhav, et al. "Meditation programs for psychological stress and well-being: a systematic review and meta-analysis." JAMA internal medicine 174.3 (2014): 357-368. 5. Music learning & computerized cognitive training Schellenberg, E. Glenn. "Long-term positive associations between music lessons and IQ." Journal of Educational Psychology 98.2 (2006): 457. Schellenberg, E. Glenn. "Music lessons enhance IQ." Psychological Science 15.8 (2004): 511-514. Granic, Isabela, Adam Lobel, and Rutger CME Engels. "The benefits of playing video games." (2013). Au, Jacky, et al. "Improving fluid intelligence with training on working memory: a meta-analysis." Psychonomic bulletin & review (2014): 1-12. Melby-Lervåg, Monica, and Charles Hulme. "Is working memory training effective? A meta-analytic review." Developmental Psychology 49.2 (2013): 270. Nouchi, Rui, and Ryuta Kawashima. "Improving Cognitive Function from Children to Old Age: A Systematic Review of Recent Smart Ageing Intervention Studies." Advances in Neuroscience 2014 (2014). 6. Boosters Heishman, Stephen J., Bethea A. Kleykamp, and Edward G. Singleton. "Meta-analysis of the acute effects of nicotine and smoking on human performance." Psychopharmacology 210.4 (2010): 453-469. Hernán, Miguel A., et al. "A meta‐analysis of coffee drinking, cigarette smoking, and the risk of Parkinson's disease." Annals of neurology 52.3 (2002): 276-284. Lamport, Daniel J., et al. "The effects of flavonoid and other polyphenol consumption on cognitive performance: A systematic research review of human experimental and epidemiological studies." Nutrition and Aging 1.1 (2012): 5-25. Peters, Ruth, et al. "Alcohol, dementia and cognitive decline in the elderly: a systematic review." Age and ageing 37.5 (2008): 505-512. Santos, Catarina, et al. "Caffeine intake and dementia: systematic review and meta-analysis." Journal of Alzheimer's Disease 20 (2010): 187-204. Other Blazer, Dan G., Kristine Yaffe, and Jason Karlawish. "Cognitive Aging: A Report From the Institute of Medicine." JAMA (2015). Bor, Daniel, et al. "Adults Can Be Trained to Acquire Synesthetic Experiences." Scientific reports 4 (2014). Buschkuehl, Martin, and Susanne M. Jaeggi. "Improving intelligence: A literature review." Swiss medical weekly 140.19-20 (2010): 266-272. Dresler, Martin, et al. "Non-pharmacological cognitive enhancement." Neuropharmacology 64 (2013): 529-543. Witte, A. V., et al. "Caloric restriction improves memory in elderly humans." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 106.4 (2009): 1255-1260.