fschieber/wit-captions huggingface dataset:
Die Ausbreitung von eurasischen Kulturtechniken am Beispiel des Speichenrades. Die isochronen Linien sind grobe Annäherungen und beruhen auf historischen und archäologischen Quellen. Die Ausbreitungszonen sind weithin identisch mit den eurasiatischen Bereichen, in denen das Dreiperiodensystem angewendet werden kann, da sie eine Kulturdiffusionszone bilden mit lediglich zeitlich unterschiedlichen Ausbreitungswellen dieser speziellen Kontaktinnovation. Auf diese Weise können sich auch andere Kulturtechniken wie etwa der Bronzeguss oder vorher neolithische Techniken und Domestizierungen verbreitet haben. Zahlen + BC = v. Chr. Farbschlüssel: Rot, 2000 BC: Sintashta-Petrovka-Kultur; Orange, 1900 BC: Andronovo-Kultur; Gelb, 1800 BC: Bereich der großen Steppen und Halbwüsten Zentralasiens, ungefähr bis zum frühen indoiranischen Diasporabereich und bis nach Anatolien; Hellgrün: 1700 BC: Ausdehnung bis über die Steppengrenzen hinaus; Grün/zyan: 1600–1200 BC: Kassiten-Periode in Mesopotamien mit Ausdehnung in den antiken Nahen Osten, Einführung in China, eventuell auch in den Punjab und ins Gangestal (nach der Rigveda) sowie nach Ost- und Nordeuropa (Sonnenwagen von Trundholm); eine weitere Verbreitung in die Technologie der Spätbronzezeit wird angenommen; Blau, 1000–500 BC: Eisenzeitliche Ausbreitung in Westeuropa durch Keltenwanderung.
Historical spread of the chariot. This map combines various classes of information, historical and archaeological. The 'isochrones' as given should not be considered more than rough approximations, give or take a century. red, 2000 BC: area of the earliest known spoke-wheeled chariots (Sintashta-Petrovka culture) orange, 1900 BC: extent of the Andronovo culture, expanding from its early Sintashta-Petrovka phase; spread of technology in this area would have been unimpeded and practically instantaneous yellow, 1800 BC: extent of the great steppes and semi-deserts of Central Asia, approximate extent of the early Indo-Iranian diaspora at that time. Note that early examples of chariots appear in Anatolia as early as around this time. light green, 1700 BC: unknown, early period of spread beyond the steppes green/cyan, 1600-1200 BC: the Kassite period in Mesopotamia, rise to notability of the chariot in the Ancient Near East, introduction to China, possibly also to the Punjab and the Gangetic plain (Rigveda) and E and N Europe (Trundholm Sun Chariot), assumed spread of the chariot as part of Late Bronze Age technology blue, 1000-500 BC: Iron Age spread of the chariot to W Europe by Celtic migrations
Basic mechanism of operating a 2-dimensional plotter.  The numbered components correspond to those that move the stylus horizontally, and the lettered components with those that move it vertically.  The device has ten pulleys, six cables, two rails, and a stylus.  Pulley 1 (single-groove) connects to pulley 2 (triple-groove) via a short infinite reciprocating cable.  Pulley 2 connects to 3 (double-groove) via a longer reciprocating cable attached along its upper course to one end of the vertical rail (6), and then a third cable runs from 2 to 3, 4, and 5 (4 and 5 are single-groove) via another much longer loop of cable between 4 and 5 to the other end of the vertical rail.  Likewise, A connects to B, B connects to C and attaches to the horizontal rail (F), and finally B connects to C, D, and E, attaching to F at its other end between D and E.  Turning pulley 1 counterclockwise makes 2 rotate the same way, and this makes all pulleys connected to 2 (3, 4, and 5) do the same.  The rail these cables connect to (6, connection points marked in red) move to the left both at ends, making the stylus move in the same direction along the other rail (F).  Clockwise movement of pulley 1 has the opposite effect. Pulleys A-E operate the same as 1-5, and act on the horizontal rail (F) to slide the stylus up and down along the vertical one (6).
English: Basic mechanism of operating a 2-dimensional plotter. All of the numbered components correspond to those which move the plotter's stylus horizontally, and the lettered components with those which move it vertically. Device consists of a series of 10 pulleys, 6 cables, 2 rails, and a stylus. Pulley 1 (single-groove) is connected to pulley 2 (triple-groove) via a short infinite reciprocating cable. Two connects to 3 (double-groove) via a longer reciprocating cable which is attached along its upper course to one end of the vertical rail (6), and then a third cable runs from 2 to 3, 4 and 5 (4 and 5 are single-groove) via another much longer loop of cable which attaches between 4 and 5 to the other end of the vertical rail. Likewise, A connects to B, B connects to C and attaches to the horizontal rail (F), and finally B connects to C, D, and E, attaching to F at its other end between D and E. Turning pulley 1 counterclockwise as shown causes 2 to rotate the same way, and this causes all pulleys connected to 2 (3, 4, and 5) to do the same. The rail to which these cables is connected (6, connection points marked in red) will move to the left both at ends, causing the stylus to move in the same direction along the other rail (F). Clockwise movement of pulley 1 has the opposite effect. Pulleys A-E operate the same as 1-5, and act on the horizontal rail (F) to slide the stylus up and down along the vertical one (6).
Bultos yacentes de Pedro Portocarrero el Sordo (c.1450-1519), VIII señor de Moguer y VI de Villanueva del Fresno, del Consejo de los reyes Juana I y Carlos I, alcalde mayor de Sevilla y de Jerez de los Caballeros, comendador mayor de Castilla en la Orden de Santiago, y de Juana de Cárdenas, su mujer (c.1452-c.1520), II señora de la Puebla del Maestre, hija del maestre de Santiago Alonso de Cárdenas, fundador de dicha puebla. Casaron en Valencia del Ventoso en 1473 y fijaron su morada en Jerez de los Caballeros, donde tuvieron por criado a Vasco Núñez de Balboa, futuro descubridor del Mar del Sur.[2]​ Procrearon numerosa prole, y hacia el año 1500 cedieron el estado de la Puebla propter nuptias a Alonso de Cárdenas y Portocarrero, su segundogénito (c.1475-1541), que en 1506 fue creado conde de la Puebla del Maestre por el rey Fernando el Católico. En 1514 fundaron cuatro mayorazgos en favor de sendos hijos del matrimonio, con facultad real. Mandaron labrar este sepulcro para su enterramiento en la iglesia del Monasterio de Santa Clara, del que eran patronos en su villa de Moguer.[3]​ Cepeda Adán lo describe como «uno de esos bellos sepulcros de la época que en sus cartelas nos hablan de campañas por las tierras granadinas y en la actitud de cuyos personajes descubrimos un gesto de melancolía y orgullo en chocante contraste».[4]​
Español: Pedro Portocarrero (VIII Señor de Moguer) (1471-1519), VI Señor de Villanueva del Fresno, Alcalde Mayor de Sevilla, y su esposa, Juana de Cárdenas.
Hematopoese humana. * As características morfolóxicas das células hematopoéticas aparecen como se ven na tinguidura de Wright, a tinguidura de May-Giemsa ou a de May-Grünwald-Giemsa. Os nomes alternativos de certas celas están indicados entre parénteses. * Algunhas células poden ter máis dun aspecto característico. Nestes casos, inclúese máis dunha representación da mesma célula. * Xuntos, os monocitos e os linfocitos constitúen os agranulocitos, a diferenza dos granulocitos (basófilos, neutrófilos e eosinófilos) que se producen durante a granulopoese. * b., n. e e. Representan a un basófilo, neutrofilo e eosinofilo, respectivamente - como no promielocito basófilo. [1] O eritrocito policromático (reticulocito) á dereita mostra o seu aspecto característico cando se tinga con azul de metileno ou Azure B.
 [2] O eritrocito á dereita é unha representación máis precisa da súa aparencia real cando se mira a través dun microscopio.
 [3] Outras células que derivan do monocito: osteoclastos, microglía (sistema nervioso central), células de Langerhans (epiderme), células de Kupffer (fígado).
 [4] Para obter máis claridade, os linfocitos T e B están separados para indicar mellor que as células plasmáticas xorden da célula B. Teña en conta que non hai diferenza na aparencia das células B e T, a menos que se faga unha tinguidura específica.
Fig. 1. Tyr-Recombinases: Details of the crossover step.

Top: Traditional view including strand-exchange followed by branch-migration (proofreading). The mechanism occurs in the framework of a synaptic complex (1) including both DNA sites in parallel orientation. While branch-migration explains the specific homology requirements and the reversibility of the process in a straightforward manner, it cannot be reconciled with the motions recombinase subunits have to undergo in three dimensions.

Bottom: Current view. Two simultaneous strand-swaps, each depending on the complementarity of three successive bases at (or close to) the edges of the 8-bp spacer (dashed lines indicate base-pairing). Didactic complications arise from the fact that, in this model, the synaptic complex must accommodate both substrates in an anti-parallel orientation.

This synaptic complex (1) arises from the association of two individual recombinase subunits ("protomers"; gray ovals) with the respective target site. Its formation depends on inter-protomer contacts and DNA bending, which in turn define the subunits (green) with an active role during the first crossover reaction. Both representations illustrate only one half of the respective pathway. These parts are separated by a Holliday junction/isomerization step before the product (3) can be released.
English: Tyr-Recombinases: Details of the crossover step Top: Classical view including strand-exchange followed by branch-migration (proofreading). The mechanism takes within a synaptic complex (1) including both DNA-sites in parallel orientation. While branch-migration provides a straightforward explanation regarding the specific homology requirements an the reversibility of the process, it is difficult to reconcile with the motions the recombinase subunits have to undergo in three dimensions Bottom: Current view. Two simultaneous strand-swaps shown, each depending on the homology of three successive bases at the edge of the (6-8 bp long) spacer. Didactic complications arise from the fact that the model has to account for the fact that the synaptic complex (1) contains both substrates in anti-parallel orientation Both representations illustrate only half of the respective pathways. Both parts are separated by a Holliday-junction/isomerization step, before the product (3) is released
{{{2}}}   ↑ De foto boven bevat veel informatie over de ontwikkeling van de machine van Butler. De handgeschreven boodschappen dateren van ná 14 november 1896.  * First design shown at Inventions Exhibition, 1885, prov. 13541, 1884: Dit verwijst naar het voorlopige patent, afgegeven voor alleen het ontwerp, in 1884.  * Improved design, patent 15598, 1887, first car made, 1887-8, London: Dit verwijst naar het uiteindelijke Britse patent nr. 15598, afgegeven voor het in augustus 1887 in Londen gebouwde eerste prototype.  * Stub-axle steerage, foot brake & foot clutch control, 2 CYLrs water-cooled, electric ignition, jet-carburettor: Verwijst naar de fuseebesturing, de voetbediende rem en koppeling (beide door het achterwiel op te tillen), 2 watergekoelde cilinders, elektrische ontsteking en sproeiercarburateur. ← De tweede foto toont Edward Butler met zijn Petrol-Cycle in 1889. Links en rechts staan opnieuw verwijzingen naar het patent en wat technische gegevens, maar ook wat "frustraties" van Butler, die zijn project stillegden. 9 Years before the repeal of Red Flag Act bijvoorbeeld: 9 Jaar voor de afschaffing van de Red Flag Act. Dit was de wet die de maximumsnelheid op 6 km/u bepaalde en elk sneller voertuig nutteloos maakte. Onder de foto (van mei 1889) staat dat de ontwikkeling 6 maanden later (november 1889) werd gestaakt.
Deutsch: Butler Dreirad aus dem Jahr 1887. Diese Dreirad wurde 1885 von Edward Butler entworfen und 1887 konstruiert.
Angegeben ist die molare Wärmekapazität bei konstantem Druck 
  
    
      
        
          C
          
            p
          
        
      
    
    {\displaystyle C_{p}}
  
. Für Festkörper gilt in guter Näherung 
  
    
      
        
          C
          
            p
          
        
        =
        
          C
          
            V
          
        
      
    
    {\displaystyle C_{p}=C_{V}}
  
, für Gase 
  
    
      
        
          C
          
            p
          
        
        =
        
          C
          
            V
          
        
        +
        R
      
    
    {\displaystyle C_{p}=C_{V}+R}
  
. Die Wärmekapazitäten der meisten festen Elemente liegt bei 
  
    
      
        
          C
          
            p
          
        
        =
        3
        R
        =
        3
        
          N
          
            
              A
            
          
        
        
          k
          
            
              B
            
          
        
      
    
    {\displaystyle C_{p}=3R=3N_{\mathrm {A} }k_{\mathrm {B} }}
  
, die der Edelgase bei 
  
    
      
        
          C
          
            p
          
        
        =
        5
        
          /
        
        2
        R
      
    
    {\displaystyle C_{p}=5/2R}
  
.
English: The molar heat capacity plotted of most elements at 25°C plotted as a function of atomic number. The values of bromine and iodine are for the gaseous state. The elements boron B, carbon C and silicon Si have a small capacity; their data is shown in blue. Deutsch: Die molare Wärmekapazität (molar heat capacity) bei 25°C dargestellt für die meisten Elemente als Funktion der Ordnungszahl (atomic number). Die gezeigten Werte für Brom und Iod gelten für den Gaszustand. Die Elemente Bor B, Kohlenstoff C und Silizium Si haben eine sehr kleine Wärmekapazität und sind hellblau herausgehoben.
Components of the biological pump The biological pump is responsible for transforming dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) into organic biomass and pumping it in particulate or dissolved form into the deep ocean. Inorganic nutrients and carbon dioxide (C02) are fixed during photosynthesis by phytoplankton, which both release dissolved organic matter (DOM) and are consumed by herbivorous zooplankton. Larger zooplankton-such as copepods, egest fecal pellets - which can be reingested, and sink or collect with other organic detritus into  larger, more-rapidly-sinking aggregates. DOM is partially consumed by bacteria (black dots) and respired; the remaining refractory DOM is advected and mixed into the deep sea. DOM and aggregates exported into the deep water are consumed and respired, thus returning organic carbon into the enormous deep ocean reservoir of DIC. About 1% of the particles leaving the surface ocean reach the seabed  and are consumed, respired, or buried in the sediments. There, carbon is stored for millions of years. The net effect of these processes is to remove carbon in organic form from the surface and return it to DIC at greater depths, maintaining the surface-to-deep ocean gradient of DIC (inset graph at lower right). Thermohaline circulation returns deep-ocean DIC to the atmosphere on millennial timescales.[3]
English: Components of the biological pump The biological pump is responsible for transforming Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC) into organic biomass and pumping it in particulate or dissolved form into the deep ocean. Inorganic nutrients and Carbon Dioxide (C02) are fixed during photosynthesis by phytoplankton, which both release Dissolved Organic Matter (DOM) and are consumed by herbivorous zooplankton. Larger zooplankton-such as copepods, egest fecal pellets - which can be reingested, and sink or collect with other organic detritus into larger, more-rapidly-sinking aggregates. DOM is partially consumed by bacteria (black dots) and respired; the remaining refractory DOM is advected and mixed into the deep sea. DOM and aggregates exported into the deep water are consumed and respired, thus returning organic carbon into the enormous deep ocean reservoir of DIC. About 1% of the particles leaving the surface ocean reach the seabed and are consumed, respired, or buried in the sediments. There, carbon is stored for millions of years. The net effect of these processes is to remove carbon in organic form from the surface and return it to DIC at greater depths, maintaining the surface-to-deep ocean gradient of DIC (inset graph at lower right). Thermohaline circulation returns deep-ocean DIC to the atmosphere on millennial timescales.
Lt. Colonel Eugene M. Baker and group of army officers at Fort Ellis, Montana Territory 1871. Mr.W.H. Jackson the veteran photographer who took this photograph writes in 1928, "We, the Geological Survey, were at Fort Ellis again from September 1st to 5th on our return. On the first one of these occasions, I made several scenic views about the neighborhood at the suggestion of and in company with some of the officers, this one among them. Although the photograph bears the imprint of the Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey of the Territories, Washington, D.C., no. 197, the negative has been lost or destroyed, no record of it being now obtainable at the Geological Survey; and this old print now has special historical interest. "Left to right: Frank C. Grugan, 1st Lt. 2nd Cavalry; Lewis Thompson, Capt. 2nd Cavalry; George H. Wright, 2nd Lt., 7th Infantry; Gustavus C. Doane, 2nd Lt. 2nd Cavalry; Lewis Cass Forsyth, Capt., acting Quartermaster, A.B. Campbell, Asst. Surgeon; Dr.R.M. Whitewood Contract Physician; Sam T. Hamilton, 1st Lt. 2nd Cavalry; Col. Eugene M. Baker in command of post Dec. 1, 1869 - Oct. 15, 1872; Edward Ball, Capt. 2nd Cavalry; Lovell H. Jerome, 2nd Lt. 2nd Cavalry (rear); George L. Tyler, Capt. 2nd Cavalry; Edward J. McClerand, 2nd Lt. 2nd Cavalry; Charles B. Schofield, 2nd Lt., 2nd Cavalry.
English: Lt. Colonel Eugene M. Baker and group of army officers at Fort Ellis, Montana Territory 1871. Mr.W.H. Jackson the veteran photographer who took this photograph writes in 1928, "We, the Geological Survey, were at Fort Ellis again from September 1st to 5th on our return. On the first one of these occasions, I made several scenic views about the neighborhood at the suggestion of and in company with some of the officers, this one among them. Although the photograph bears the imprint of the Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey of the Territories, Washington, D.C., no. 197, the negative has been lost or destroyed, no record of it being now obtainable at the Geological Survey; and this old print now has special historical interest. "Left to right: Frank C. Grugan, 1st Lt. 2nd Cavalry; Lewis Thompson, Capt. 2nd Cavalry; George H. Wright, 2nd Lt., 7th Infantry; Gustavus C. Doane, 2nd Lt. 2nd Cavalry; Lewis Cass Forsyth, Capt., acting Quartermaster, A.B. Campbell, Asst. Surgeon; Dr.R.M. Whitewood Contract Physician; Sam T. Hamilton, 1st Lt. 2nd Cavalry; Col. Eugene M. Baker in command of post Dec. 1, 1869 - Oct. 15, 1872; Edward Ball, Capt. 2nd Cavalry; Lovell H. Jerome, 2nd Lt. 2nd Cavalry (rear); George L. Tyler, Capt. 2nd Cavalry; Edward J. McClerand, 2nd Lt. 2nd Cavalry; Charles B. Schofield, 2nd Lt., 2nd Cavalry.
Эфоды. Изображение из книги академика Фартусова Руководство к писанию икон святых угодников Божиих в порядке дней года. Опыт пособия для иконописцев. издание 1910 года. Подпись под изображением: Рисунок № 1. Верхняя одежда евреев — эфоды. Они имели продолговатую форму разного размера, — они были короткие, широкие, узкие и длинные, — посредине продолговатого полотна имели вырез, в который проходила голова. Когда надевали эфод на плечи, то один конец опускался на переднюю часть тела, а другой — на заднюю, по углам пришивались кисти. Какого бы цвета ни была эта одежда, в кистях всегда употреблялись синие нитки в память о грехах. Богатые люди роскошно украшали эфоды узорами, и эфоды у них были цветные, разнообразных цветов кроме красного. Бедный же народ носил эфоды короткие и узкие, но непременно с бахромой и по углам с кистями, с голубыми нитями. Рисунок № 2. Это тот же эфод, но только к нему на плечах пришивались два куска материи, как бы рукава, которые в Евангелии и Библии называются воскрилиями. По бокам этого длинного полотна пришивались пуговицы или крючки с петлями, на которые они застёгивались, или края завязывались тесьмой. Рисунок № 3. Эта одежда называлась ризой. Это тот же эфод, но с широкими воскрилиями и на передней части имеет от выреза для головы разрез донизу, и надевается не через голову, а прямо на плечи.
Русский: Эфоды. Изображение из книги академика Фартусова Руководство к писанию икон святых угодников Божиих в порядке дней года. Опыт пособия для иконописцев. издание 1910 года
படிக்குறிச் சார்பின் வகைக்கெழு படிக்குறிச் சார்பின் மதிப்பாகவே இருக்கும். வளைவரை (நீலம்) மீதுள்ள ஒரு புள்ளி 
  
    
      
        P
      
    
    {\displaystyle P}
  
 இல் வளைவரைக்கு ஒரு தொடுகோடு (சிவப்பு), 
  
    
      
        h
      
    
    {\displaystyle h}
  
 அளவு உயரம் கொண்ட ஒரு நிலைக்குத்துக் கோடு ((பச்சை), 
  
    
      
        x
      
    
    {\displaystyle x}
  
-அச்சு மூன்றும் சேர்ந்து 
  
    
      
        b
      
    
    {\displaystyle b}
  
 அளவு அடிப்பக்கம் கொண்ட ஒரு செங்கோண முக்கோணத்தை உருவாக்குகின்றன. தொடுகோட்டின் சாய்வு (
  
    
      
        
          
            h
            b
          
        
        .
      
    
    {\displaystyle {\frac {h}{b}}.}
  
) இது வளைவரையின் வகைக்கெழு ஆகும். ஆனால் படிக்குறிச் சார்பின் வகைக்கெழு அச்சார்பின் மதிப்பாகவே (
  
    
      
        h
      
    
    {\displaystyle h}
  
)இருக்கும் என்ற உண்மையின்படி 
  
    
      
        
          
            h
            b
          
        
        =
        h
        .
      
    
    {\displaystyle {\frac {h}{b}}=h.}
  
 எனவே 
  
    
      
        b
        =
        1
      
    
    {\displaystyle b=1}
  
 ஆகி விடுகிறது. அதாவது அடிப்பக்கம் 
  
    
      
        b
      
    
    {\displaystyle b}
  
 எப்பொழுதும் 
  
    
      
        1
      
    
    {\displaystyle 1}
  
 ஆகவே இருக்கும்.
Vista en altura de la Plaza de San Pedro, de Piranesi (1748), arquitecto visionario que en este grabado destaca la columnata de Bernini (1656-1667), autor también del diseño de la plaza y del baldaquino interior, todos ellos elementos barrocos. La fachada de Carlo Maderno (1626) da paso a un brazo mayor, prolongación del mismo arquitecto, que alteró la planta centralizada concebida para la Basílica de San Pedro por los anteriores maestros del Alto Renacimiento desde 1506: Bramante, Rafael, Sangallo y Miguel Ángel, cuya solución para la cúpula fijó hasta hoy el perfil del horizonte de Roma. Las Estancias Vaticanas (con los frescos de Rafael, 1508-1524) y la Capilla Sixtina (con los de los pintores del Quattrocento, 1481-1482, y los de las dos épocas de Miguel Ángel, 1508-1512 y 1535-1541) pertenecen al mismo conjunto; una concentración inigualable de historia del arte de la Edad Moderna, así como de los hechos y procesos históricos que lo hicieron surgir y evolucionar. A pesar de esta indudable centralidad, el arte de la Edad Moderna fue mucho más que arte religioso; tuvo, incluso en Italia, muchos centros además del romano (Florencia, Venecia, Nápoles); y tuvo, en otros países de Europa Occidental, muchas otras escuelas nacionales (Flandes, Alemania, Francia, Inglaterra, España), cada una con sus propias escuelas locales.