fschieber/wit-captions huggingface dataset:
William Crookes et son tube, ancêtre des tubes cathodiques, sont devenus notoires en Grande-Bretagne, comme en témoigne cette caricature publiée en 1902 par le journal satirique Vanity Fair.
  La légende de cette image était « ubi Crookes ibi lux », ce qui signifie littéralement « Où il y a Crookes, il y a de la lumière » en latin. C'est une allusion religieuse (« crux », la croix) et peut-être aussi un jeu de mots sur les escrocs (« crooks ») et les illuminés, car il s'est aussi intéressé au spiritisme[20].
William Crookes (1832–1919) English: Caricature of British physicist Sir William Crookes (1832-1919), inventor of the Crookes tube, an early type of experimental vacuum tube which produced colorful light displays. Caption read "ubi Crookes ibi lux", which in Latin means roughly, "Where there is Crookes, there is light".
A Philips type trichroic beam splitter prism schematic, with a different color separation order than the assembly shown in the photo.  The red and blue beams each undergo one total internal reflection at the air gap and air–glass boundary respectively, while the other reflections are dichroic.  This construction has the advantage over the above type that all 3 separated images are laterally inverted (as with a single sensor).  In the first type, the blue image is not laterally inverted but the other two are.
La rendición de Bailén, José Casado del Alisalen margolana. Honelaxe irudikatu zuen pintore horrek garaipen espainiarra: Castaños bikornioa eskuan hartuta kortesiazko agurra egiten ari zaio Dupont frantziarrari. Jeneral espainiarraren ezkerretan, bi eskuak atzean dituelarik, Teodoro Reding aurkitzen da. Castañosek garaipenaren meritu guztia bereganatu nahi izan zuen eta ez zien utzi borrokaren pisua eman zuten Reding eta Coupigny zein hauen soldaduei errendizioa eta gero egin zen desfilean parte hartzen.[71]
Español: La obra representa la rendición del general francés Pierre-Antoine Dupont de l'Étang (1765-1840) tras la derrota del ejército francés en la batalla de Bailén, que se libró el 19 de julio de 1808 y supuso la primera derrota de los ejércitos napoleónicos a manos de las tropas españolas, siendo la rendición firmada en el municipio jienense Bailén el 19 de julio de 1808. La composición está inspirada en La rendición de Breda, que es una de las obras más famosas del pintor Diego Velázquez, y a la izquierda aparece el ejército español y su comandante, el general Francisco Javier Castaños (1756-1852), y, a la derecha, el general Pierre Dupont y los derrotados soldados galos, aunque en el fondo puede verse el campo de batalla envuelto en humo. El cuadro fue realizado en París, donde Casado del Alisal pudo conocer con veracidad los uniformes franceses de la época de la batalla. Y en cuanto a la técnica empleada, la obra sobresale por la solidez del dibujo y por la calidad de los retratos de los personajes principales, ya que todos los oficiales y altos mandos pueden ser identificados inequívocamente. La reina Isabel II de España adquirió el cuadro con destino a su colección personal, y su nieto, el rey Alfonso XIII de España, lo cedió en 1921 al desaparecido Museo de Arte Moderno, desde donde pasó a las colecciones del Museo del Prado.English: "The Surrender of Bailén", by Casado del Alisal, Prado Museum, Madrid, Spain.
In einem dreidimensionalen Raum ist eine Oberfläche dann homöomorph zu einer (nicht begrenzten zweidimensionalen) Kugeloberfläche, wenn sich jede geschlossene Schleife auf dieser Fläche zu einem Punkt zusammenziehen lässt.
 Die Poincaré-Vermutung behauptet, dass dies auch im Fall eines vier­dimen­sio­nalen Raumes gilt, wenn also die Oberfläche durch eine 3-dimensionale Mannigfaltigkeit beschrieben wird, (also z. B. durch eine 3-Sphäre, eine unanschauliche „Oberfläche eines 4-dimensionalen Kugeläquivalents“).
English: Image showing a homotopy of a circle around a sphere can be reduced to a singe point.
The number of waves per group as observed in space at a certain moment (upper blue line), is different from the number of waves per group seen in time at a fixed position (lower orange line), due to frequency dispersion.      More ... For the shown case, a bichromatic group of gravity waves on the surface of deep water, the group velocity is half the phase velocity. In this example, there are 5​3⁄4 waves between two wave group nodes in space, while there are 11​1⁄2 waves between two wave group nodes in time.
Tievās zarnas sienas uzbūve. Tievā zarna sastāv no 4 galvenajiem slāņiem – gļotādas (tunica mucosa), zemgļotādas (tunica submucosa), muskuļslāņa (tunica muscularis) un serozā apvalka (tunica serosa) . Gļotādā izšķir arī gļotādas saistaudus (lamina propria) un gļotādas muskuļslāni (lamina muscularis mucosae). Zemgļotādā redzams Meisnera nervu pinums. Muskuļslāni veido cirkulārās un gareniskās šķiedras, kuras inervē Auerbaha nervu pinums. Caur serozo apvalku pie zarnu sieniņas pienāk artērijas, vēnas un nervi.
شکل ۱. میدان الکتریکی اندازه‌گیری شده توسط آشکارساز هومودین به صورت یک تابع فاز برای سه حالت همدوس منتشر شده از یک Nd: YAG. مقدار نوفه کوانتومی در میدان الکتریکی کاملاً مستقل از فاز است. وقتی که قدرت میدان، یعنی دامنه نوسان a ی حالت همدوس افزایش می‌یابد، نوفه کوانتومی یاعدم قطعیت در ۱/۲ثابت است. وهمچنین کمتر و کم‌اهمیت تر می‌شود. در محدوده میدان بزرگ حالت یک تقریب خوب از موج کلاسیکی پایای بدون نوفه وجود دارد. اعداد فوتونی میانگین سه حالت از بالا تا پایین عبارتند از: n>= ۴٫۲٬۲۵٫۲٬۹۲۴. (منبع: پیوند ۱ و مرجع 2)
measured quantum noise of three coherent states
Vasemmanpuoleinen kaavio kuvaa tankoa ja rengasta renkaan lepokoordinaatistossa hetkellä, jolloin niiden keskipisteet yhtyvät. Tanko on Lorentz-kontraktoitunut ja liikkuu yläoikealle, kun taas rengas on levossa eikä ole kontraktoitunut. Oikean­puoleinen kaavio kuvaa tilannetta samalla hetkellä tangon lepo­koordinaatistossa. Siinä rengas on Lorentz-kontraktoitunut ja tankoon nähden vinossa asennossa, kun taas tanko ei ole kontraktoitunut. Tässä koordinaatistossa rengas kulkee tangon ympäri koskettamatta sitä.
Sovyet N1 (sağda) ve Amerikan Saturn V roketlerinin karşılaştırması. N1 biraz daha kısaydı, ancak taban çapı daha geniş olduğundan daha büyüktü ve daha çok itme gücü sağlıyordu. Buna karşın, Saturn V'de kullanılan yüksek performanslı sıvı hidrojen yakıtı, N1'in kullandığı kerosene göre yörüngeye daha fazla yük taşınmasını sağlıyordu. Uçuş geçmişleri, Saturn V'nin çok daha başarılı bir roket olduğunu gösterir: 13 fırlatmada hiç kayıp yaşamamıştır. N1 ise dört deneme fırlatmasını da başarısızlıkla bitirmiştir.
El renacimiento es una época ambigua, cuando no contradictoria en materia de psiquiatría. Hereda y ahonda en la visión demoníaca del loco, identificado en muchos casos con la brujería; pero el espíritu humanista que le es propio da lugar a la proliferación de manicomios y de los primeros estudios científicos sobre la enfermedad mental. El Malleus maleficarum (Martillo de brujas) escrito en 1486 por los teólogos Heinrich Kramer y Johann Sprenger atribuye al demonio la causa de todas las enfermedades mentales.
Malleus Maleficarum (title page) by Heinrich Kramer Cover of the seventh Cologne edition of the Malleus Maleficarum, 1520 (The University of Sydney). Bibliographic record at the University of Sydney Library. Transcript: Latina: MALLEVS MALEFICA- RVM, MALEFI= cas, & earum hærism, vt phramea potentissima conterens. Translation: English: The Hammer of Witches which destroyeth Witches and their heresy like a most powerful spear[1] ↑ The English translation is from this note to Summers' 1928 introduction.
A complex of snow-covered cones (left-center) partially fills the 30 x 45 km wide Caldera del Atuel, which lies just east of the Argentina-Chile border. The headwaters of the Río del Atuel drain to the SE through a wide breach in the caldera rim (top center) in this NASA International Space Station image (with north to the bottom left). The snow-covered Volcán Overo and Sosneado complexes in the eastern part of the caldera contain numerous very youthful basaltic-to-andesitic pyroclastic cones and lava flows.
English: A complex of snow-covered cones (left-center) partially fills the 30 x 45 km wide Caldera del Atuel, which lies just east of the Argentina-Chile border. The headwaters of the Río del Atuel drain to the SE through a wide breach in the caldera rim (top center) in this NASA International Space Station image (with north to the bottom left). The snow-covered Volcán Overo and Sosneado complexes in the eastern part of the caldera contain numerous very youthful basaltic-to-andesitic pyroclastic cones and lava flows.
In Earth's atmosphere, the dominant scattering efficiency of blue light is compared to red or green wavelengths. Scattering and absorption are major causes of the attenuation of sunlight radiation by the atmosphere. During broad daylight, the sky is blue due to Rayleigh scattering, while near sunset, and especially during twilight, absorption of irradiation by ozone helps maintain blue color in the evening sky. At sunrise or sunset, tangentially incident solar rays illuminate clouds with orange-to-red hues.
English: The blue color of the sky is caused by Rayleigh scattering of sunlight by the gases in the Earth's atmosphere. The above image shows the degree to which Rayleigh scattering scatters blue light more intensely than red light. The scattering curve shown is calculated for sunlight passing vertically through the atmosphere and is based on Other details, such as scattering from dust and absorption of some light by greenhouse gases are not shown. Copyright This image was created by Robert A. Rohde and is licensed under the GFDL.
Informaticus en internetpionier Vinton Cerf had in 2001 zijn twijfels omtrent het internationale Cybercrimeverdrag. Maar ook over nationale regelgeving bleef hij sceptisch: "als elk land ervan uitgaat dat ze hun eigen wetgeving kunnen opstellen omtrent cybercrime en hun rechtbanken kunnen laten beslissen omtrent elk voorval dan zal het net stoppen te werken omdat geen enkele computergebruiker meer zal weten welke regels hij moet volgen en wanneer en hoe hij gearresteerd en veroordeeld zou kunnen worden".[1]
English: Dr. Vint Cerf
Напречен пресек на различни типови листови. Со ситни точки е претставено палисадното ткиво. Ксилемот од спроводните снопчиња е претставен со црна боја. Долната страна на листот е обележана со дебела линија. А - нормален бифацијален лист; B - обратен бифацијален лист (Allium ursinum); C и D - лист изведен од унифацијален заоблен лист (Allium sativum, Juncus effusus); Е - унифацијален мечовиден лист (Iris); F - еквифацијален плоснат лист; G - еквифацијален игличест лист; H - еквифацијален заоблен лист (Sedum)
Cross sections through various types of leaves/Querschnitte durch verschiedene Blatt-Typen. Dotted/Punktiert = palisade mesophyll/Palisadenparenchym xylem of vascular bundle is black/Holzteile der Leitbündel sind schwarz lower leaf surface = thick line/Blattunterseite dicke Linie A = Normales bifaziales Blatt; B = invers bifaziales Blatt (Allium ursinum); C,D Ableitung des unifazialen Rundblattes (Allium sativum, Juncus effusus); E = unifaziales Schwertblatt (Iris); F = Äquifaziales Flachblatt; G = äquifaziales Nadelblatt; H = Äquifaziales Rundblatt (Sedum).
Medalla honorífica als voluntaris catalans que van lluitar en la Primera Guerra mundial. A banda dels soldats nord-catalans que van formar part de les lleves de l'exèrcit francès, en la Primera Guerra mundial oficialment van lluitar un miler de voluntaris catalans del Principat, tot i que és probable que n'hi hagués més. Van anar al front per defensar les democràcies occidentals contra l'autoritarisme dels imperis centrals i, de retruc, reivindicar la identitat catalana davant la comunitat internacional[14]
Medalla no oficial als Volutnaris Catalans
Перші зреформовані василіяни та їх настоятелі. Добромиль 1885—1886:
 Сидять у першому ряді зліва-направо: Дмитро Жуковський, Фелікс Цозель, ТІ, Климентій Сарницький, Каспер Щепковський, ТІ, Адальберт Баудісс, ТІ, невідомий єзуїт, Юліян Зємба; Стоять в другому ряді зліва-направо: Платонід Філяс, Сава Ломницький, Юліян Мриць, Еміліян Козаневич, Сотер Ортинський, Венедикт Скоробогатий, Володимир Стех, Юліян Дацій; Стоять в третьому ряді зліва-направо: Діонисій Ткачук, можливо Сильвестр Кізима, Антоній Мартинюк
Українська: Перші зреформовані василіяни та їх настоятелі. Добромиль 1885-1886
Hlučín, městská památková zóna, Legenda: 1. Kostel sv. Jana Křtitele, 2. Kostel sv. Markéty, 3. Kaple Panny Marie, 4. Zámek, 5. Městské opevnění, 6. Evangelický kostel, 7. Hrobka rodiny Wetekampovy, 8. Fara, 9. Restaurace "Slezan", 10. Hasičská zbrojnice, 11. Vodárna, 12. Dům Dr. E. Beneše 587/24, 13. Kremerova vila, 14. Kaple sv. Jana Nepomuckého (zbořeno), 15. Městské muzeum, 16. Radnice, 17. Kostel sv. Maří Magdaleny (zbořeno), A. Buk lesní, památný strom č. 100199, B. Javor mléč, památný strom č. 100188
Čeština: Hlučín, městská památková zóna, Legenda: 1. Kostel sv. Jana Křtitele, 2. Kostel sv. Markéty, 3. Kaple Panny Marie, 4. Zámek, 5. Městské opevnění, 6. Evangelický kostel, 7. Hrobka rodiny Wetekampovy, 8. Fara, 9. Restaurace "Slezan", 10. Hasičská zbrojnice, 11. Vodárna, 12. Dům Dr. E. Beneše 587/24, 13. Kremerova vila, 14. Kaple sv. Jana Nepomuckého (zbořeno), 15. Městské muzeum, 16. Radnice English: Hlučín, Urban Heritage Zone This map of Hlučín, okres Opava, was created from OpenStreetMap project data, collected by the community. This map may be incomplete, and may contain errors. Don't rely solely on it for navigation.
Eduard Nápravník conducted the premiere of Boris Godunov (1874).[22] The Czech Nápravník would spend more than 40 years in the service of Russian music as chief conductor of the Imperial Mariinsky Theatre.[23] In Rimsky-Korsakov's memoirs, Chronicle of My Musical Life, the composer praises his keen ear, his ability to detect errors, and his overall technique, but faults him for his rapid tempi, his interpretational inflexibility and insensitivity, and, most of all, for his habit of making sweeping cuts.[24]
Russian conductor Eduard Napravnik
(en) Schémas simplifiés illustrant la chimiosmose chez les eucaryotes (en haut) et chez les procaryotes (en bas) dans la phosphorylation oxydative de la respiration cellulaire (partie gauche) et dans la photophosphorylation de la photosynthèse (partie droite). On observe que les eucaryotes disposent d'organites spécialisés dans les deux cas : les crêtes des mitochondries pour la phosphorylation oxydative (en haut à gauche) et les thylakoïdes des chloroplastes pour la photophosphorylation (en haut à droite).
English: Chemiosmotic proton transfer directions in mitochondrion, chloroplast and bacterial cells (respiration and photosynthesis).
Figure 2: The velocity vectors at time t and time t + dt are moved from the orbit on the left to new positions where their tails coincide, on the right. Because the velocity is fixed in magnitude at v = r ω, the velocity vectors also sweep out a circular path at angular rate ω. As dt → 0, the acceleration vector a becomes perpendicular to v, which means it points toward the center of the orbit in the circle on the left. Angle ω dt is the very small angle between the two velocities and tends to zero as dt→ 0
Velocity and acceleration in uniform circular motion
Graff BDI ar gyfer ASMR BDI: Cwrs amser hwyliau cyn, yn ystod, yn syth ar ôl, a sawl awr ar ôl cymryd rhan mewn ASMR. Y data a ddangosir yw'r sgôr hwyliau cymedrig a roddir i bob ffrâm amser gan yr holl gyfranogwyr (N = 475), gyda'r cyfranogwyr wedi'u grwpio yn ôl eu Mynegai Iselder Beck. Gallai sgoriau hwyliau amrywio o 0 i 100, 0 yn cynrychioli'r gwaethaf yr oedd yr unigolyn erioed wedi'i deimlo, 100 yn cynrychioli'r gorau y maent wedi'i deimlo erioed. Mae bariau gwall yn cynrychioli gwall safonol ± 1[11]
English: The time course of mood before, during, immediately following, and several hours after engaging in ASMR. Data shown is the mean mood score given to each time frame by all participants (N = 475), with participants grouped according to their Beck Depression Index. Mood scores could range from 0 to 100, 0 representing the worst the individual had ever felt, 100 representing the best they have ever felt. Error bars represent ±1 standard error.
Koklean dagoen Cortiren organoa eta inguruko egiturak. 1: Perilinfa; 2: Endolinfa; 3: Mintz tektoriala; 4: Corti organoa; 5: Barruko zelula ziliatua; 6: Kanpoko zelula ziliatua; 7: Barruko euskarria; 8: Kanpoko euskarria; 9:Deiters zelulak; 10: Hensen zelulak; 11: Claudius zelulak; 12: Mintz basilarra; 13: Konduktu koklearra; 14: Cortiren tunela; 15: Barruko ildo espiralaren ildoa; 16: Arrapala tinpanikoa; 17: Hezur mintz espirala; 18: Nerbio koklearraren zuntzak; 19: Zuntz eferenteak; 20: Zuntz aferenteak.
The Living End's Andy Strachan behind his kit at Metro City, September 2008. Strachan joined in April 2002 by replacing previous drummer, Travis Demsey. In 2006 Strachan won the Jack Award for Best Drummer.[34] In November 2007 he reflected on the group's ambition, "we have no qualms about going back [overseas] and living on a bus for months at a time ... I think we still have a really good shot of it over there. We just have to get to the next level. It's about having the right song at the right time".[37]
The Living End @ Metro City (12/9/2008)
Principles of particle-based modeling. In particle-based modeling, each particle is tracked individually through the simulation. At any point, a particle only "sees" the rules that apply to it. This figure follows two molecular particles (one of type A in red, one of type B in blue) through three steps in a hypothetical simulation following a simple set of rules (given on the right). At each step, the rules that potentially apply to the particle under consideration are highlighted in that particle's colour.
Om kraften varierar enligt en funktion F(x), kan arbetet beräknas med integralen 
  
    
      
        
          
            W
            =
            
              ∫
              
                a
              
              
                b
              
            
            
              F
              (
              x
              )
              
              d
              x
            
          
        
      
    
    {\displaystyle \scriptstyle {W=\int _{a}^{b}{F(x)\,dx}}}
English: Work (physics)
Franz Eugen Köhler: Medizinal-Pflantzen, 1897


A. Blommande gren, naturlig storlek
1 Blomknopp
2 Utslagen blomma
3 Dito, uppskuren på längden
4 Blomkrona, uppskuren på längden
5 Kalk med pistillens stift, uppskuren på längden
6 Pistill
7 Uppskuren ståndare
8 Pollenkorn
9 Pistill
10 Pistillens bas, jämte disk, stark förstoring
11 Dito, uppskuren på längden
12 Dito, uppskuren på tvären
13 Fruktkalk
14 Nöt, naturlig storlek
15 Förstorad nöt
16 Dito, uppskuren på längden, förstorad
17 Dito, uppskuren på tvären
Deutsch: Zitronenmelisse. A blühender Zweig in natürl. Grösse; 1 und 2 geschlossene und geöffnete Blüthe, vergrössert; 3 dieselbe im Längschnitte, desgl.; 4 Blüthenkrone, desgl.; 5 Kelch mit Griffel, desgl.; 6 Staubgefässe, desgl.; 7 geöffnetes Staubgefäss, desgl.; 8 Pollen, desgl.; 9 Stempel, desgl.; 10 unterer Theil des Stempels mit Scheibe, stärker vergrössert; 11 derselbe im Längsschnitt, desgl.; 12 derselbe in Querschnitt, desgl.; 13 Fruchtkelch, desgl.; 14 und 15 Nüsschen natürl. Grösse und vergrössert; 16 und 17 dasselbe im Längs- und Querschnitt, vergrössert. Latina: Melissa officinalis. Magyar: Citromfű. Русский: Мелисса лекарственная. A — цветущая ветвь; 1 и 2 — нераскрытый и раскрытый цветок; 3 — то же в продольном разрезе; 4 — венчик; 5 — чашечка со столбиком; 6 — тычинки; 7 — тычинка со вскрывшимся пыльником; 8 — пыльца; 9 — пестик; 10 — нижняя часть пестика с нектарным диском; 11 — то же в продольном разрезе; 12 — то же в поперечном разрезе; 13 — чашечка; 14 и 15 — орешек в нат. величину и увелич.; 16 и 17 — то же в продольном и поперечном разрезе.
Po stronie lewej (A) stan pierwotny. Miotomy (Myotome) leżą na wysokości odpowiadających im sklerotomów. Pośrodku (B) stan pośredni. Po prawej (C) części przednia (anterior portion of sclerotome) i tylna (posterion portion of sclerotome) pochodzące z tych samych somitów oddzielone, dystalne fragmenty sklerotomów dogłowowych połączone z proksymalnymi częściami sklerotomów doogonowych tworzą trzony kręgów (centrum). Pośrodkowo struna grzbietowa (notochord), ulegająca przewężeniom, by podzielić się całkowicie.
Scheme showing the manner in which each vertebral centrum is developed from portions of two adjacent segments.
Imagen TRMM con la altura de las columnas de lluvia en el huracán Irene, 15 de agosto de 2005, 5.43 UTC. Las torres más altas —la mayor alcanza los 17 km— producen la lluvia más intensa, mostradas en rojo. Cuanto más alto sube el vapor de agua antes de enfriarse, más intensa tiende a ser la tormenta, ya que estas torres son como pistones que convierten la energía del vapor de agua en un poderoso motor de producción de lluvia y viento; además, estas torres pueden ser indicativas de un fortalecimiento futuro.
This image, captured by the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite on August 15, 2005, at 1:43 a.m. EDT (05:43 UTC), shows Irene just after it became a hurricane. The image shows the height of rain columns within the hurricane. Tall rain columns provide a clue that the storm is strengthening.
Lo Zohar afferma "Israele, la Torah e il Santo Benedetto Egli Sia sono Uno"[1] Sul Monte Sinai, nel commentario rabbinico, tutto il popolo udì la rivelazione "Io-Anochi sono il Signore-Tetragramma il vostro Dio-Elokecha..." Il "Signore parlò a Mosè..." è il Nome essenziale infinito di Dio. "Il tuo Dio" è la Divinità nascosta all'interno della Creazione finita. "Io" è il narratore Atzmus della Torah, rivelata sul Sinai, che unisce gli opposti dello Spirituale e del Fisico nelle Mitzvot e nel futuro ultimo[2]
English: A scenic picture of a field with a large mountain rising in the background.
Khi nhìn từ Trái Đất, bóng của Trái Đất có thể được tưởng tượng như hai vòng tròn đồng tâm. Theo sơ đồ minh hoạ, loại nguyệt thực được xác định bởi con đường do Mặt trăng đi khi nó đi qua bóng tối của Trái Đất. Nếu mặt trăng đi qua vòng tròn bên ngoài nhưng không đến được vòng tròn bên trong, đó là nguyệt thực nửa tối; nếu chỉ có một phần của mặt trăng đi qua vòng tròn bên trong, nó là nguyệt thực một phần; và nếu toàn bộ Mặt trăng đi qua vòng tròn bên trong tại một điểm nào đó, sẽ có nguyệt thực toàn phần.
1970-es évekből való, de utóbb élvezhetetlenné sűrített zeneanyag képe. A digitális torzítás vonalánál egyenesre van levágva a hullámgörbe. A zeneanyag természetes lüktetése eltűnt, a hangos részek egyforma hangosak, a halk s hangos részek közti különbség minimális. Az ábrázolt zene hullámgörbéje ezen a hangerőszinten egészen a skála alsó s felső széléig ért, de a jelenség könnyebb megértése végett a jelszint le lett csökkentve. Az utólagos hangerőcsökkentés már nem hozza helyre a túlsűrítés okozta károkat.
Maximálisan dinamikakompresszált zeneanyag képe
Outputs of simulated cochlear filters centred at 364, 1498 and 4803 Hz (from bottom to top) in response to a segment of a speech signal, the sound “en” in “sense”. These filter outputs are similar to the waveforms that would be observed at places on the basilar membrane tuned to 364, 1498 and 4803 Hz. For each centre frequency, the signal can be considered as a slowly-varying envelope (EBM) imposed on a more rapid temporal fine structure (TFSBM). The envelope for each band signal is shown by the thick line.
English: Outputs of bandpass filters centred at 364, 1498 and 4803 Hz (from bottom to top) in response to a segment of a speech signal, the sound “en” in “sense”. The bandwidth of each filter was one ERBN. These filter outputs are similar to the waveforms that would be observed at places on the basilar membrane tuned to 364, 1498 and 4803 Hz. For each centre frequency, the signal can be considered as a slowly-varying envelope (E) imposed on a more rapid temporal fine structure (TFS). The envelope for each band signal is shown by the thick line.