fschieber/wit-captions huggingface dataset:
Anatomy of a frost heave during spring thaw. The side of a 6-inch (15-cm) heave with the soil removed to reveal (bottom to top): 
 · Needle ice, which has extruded up from the freezing front through porous soil from a water table below
 · Coalesced ice-rich soil, which has been subject to freeze-thaw
 · Thawed soil on top.
 Photograph taken 21 March 2010 in Norwich, Vermont
English: Frost heave undergoing thaw on 21 March 2010 in Norwich, Vermont. The side of the 6-inch (15-cm) heave has the soil removed to reveal (bottom to top) needle ice, which has extruded up from the freezing front through porous soil from a water table below, coalesced ice, which has been subject to freeze-thaw, and thawed soil on top.
Jellhaugen er ein ni meter høg gravhaug i Halden kommune, seks km nord for Svinesund. På jordet like nord for haugen (som strekker seg ut over høgre bildekant) vart det ved hjelp av georadar i 2018 oppdaga hustufter og nedpløygde gravhaugar. I ein av dei største gravene ligg Jellestadskipet, restane av eit vikingskip.[1]  Skipet vil bli gravd fram. Foto: Tore Schrøder, 2011
English: Jellhaugen, Halden, Norway - one of the bigger Norwegian grave mounds from around 500 AD Norsk bokmål: Jellhaugen i Halden, en av Norges største gravhauger, fra før vikingetiden This is a photo of a monument in Norway, number: 42959 in the Norwegian Directorate for Cultural Heritage database.
Dijagram stvaranja limfe iz tkivne tekućine. Tamnozelene strelice pokazuju ulazak tkivne tekućine kroz završetke limfnih kapilara (predstavljeni zelenom bojom). Lijevo (crvene boje) je arteriola a desno venula (završeci krvih sudova). Ćelije su predstavljene žutom bojom sa tamnom tačkom u sredini. Između njih je tkivni prostor. Plavo-crvena mreža u sredini gore su kapilari.
Deutsch: Lymphkapillaren im GewebszwischenraumEnglish: Lymph capillaries in the tissue spaces
مناطق توزُّع النُصيريين في آسيا الصُغرى. جال الشيخ بدر الدين على الكثير من هذه المناطق أثناء رحلة عودته من مصر إلى الأناضول، وعاش في بعضها لِفترةٍ من الزمن، خلال الفترة التي شهدت حُروبًا بين أبناء السُلطان بايزيد وأزماتٍ معيشيَّةٍ عديدة عانى منها الناس نتيجة غزوات المغول ونكسة أنقرة. فكانت حركته بِمثابة ثورة سياسيَّة - اجتماعيَّة - اقتصاديَّة ناجمة عن الفوضى وعدم الاستقرار.
Dansk: Kort over alevitternes demografiske spredning i Tyrkiet. De røde områder er de såkaldte anatolske alevi-bektashitter, mens de mørkerøde (i den allersydligste del i det centrale Tyrkiet) er de arabiske alawitter. English: A map depicting the Alevi population of Turkey. The red areas are inhabited by the so-called Anatolian Alevi-Bektashis, while the dark red represents the Arabic speaking Alawites. Deutsch: Eine Karte, welche die heutigen Verbreitungsgebiete der Aleviten/Bektaschis und der Alawiten verdeutlicht. Die hellroten Flächen werden von den anatolischen Alevi-Bektaschis bevölkert, während die dunkelrote Fläche die Siedlungsgebiete der arabophonen Alawiten zeigt. Türkçe: Türkiye'de Alevi nüfusunun olduğu bölgeleri gösteren bir harita. Açık kırmızı ile işaretli yerler Anadolu-Bektaşi Alevilerini gösterirken, Koyu kırmızı renkli bölgeler Hatay-Adana-Mersin yörelerindeki Arap Aleviliği’ne ait olan yerleşim birimlerini göstermektedir.
Inscription fragmentaire découverte en surface dans le secteur du tumulus de Volubilis. Fin du IIe siècle av. J.-C. Stèle funéraire portant un motif identifié à un bouclier. Il ne subsiste de l'inscription que les deux dernières lignesː « stèle qu'a voué [...] fils de [...] le suffète qui est mort dans une vieillesse heureuse à l'âge de 90 ans. Il est originaire de QFGWD ».
Español: Inscripción púnica descubierta en superficie en el sector del túmulo de Volubilis. Finales del siglo II a. C. Estela funeraria que lleva un motivo identificado como un escudo. No subsiste de la inscripción más dos líneasː «estela que ha dedicado [...] hijo de [...] el sufete que murió en una vejez feliz a la edad de 90 años. Es originario de QFGWD».Français : Detail de inscription punique découverte en surface dans le secteur du tumulus de Volubilis. Fin du IIe siécle avant J.-C. Stèle funeraire portant un motif identié à un bouclier. Il ne subsiste de l'inscription que les deux dernières lignesː «stèle qu'a voué [...] fils de [...] le suffète qui est mort dans une vieillesse heureuse à l'âge de 90 ans. Il est originaire de QFGWD».
Открывают памятник глава администрации муниципального образования «Прибрежненское сельское поселение»  Юрий Мощенко, руководитель межрегиональных Российских и международных программ РО ММФ  ЮНЕСКО в   Поволжье «100-летие Первой Мировой войны, памяти солдат и офицеров Русской императорской армии» Дмитрий Борисов и Виталий Ворохобин, родственник Владимира Ивановича Долматова.
Русский: Открывают памятник глава администрации муниципального образования «Прибрежненское сельское поселение» Юрий Мощенко, руководитель межрегиональных Российских и международных программ Регионального Отделения Московского Международного Фонда Содействия ЮНЕСКО в Поволжье «100-летие Первой Мировой войны, памяти солдат и офицеров Русской императорской армии» Дмитрий Борисов и Виталий Ворохобин, родственник Владимира Ивановича Долматова.
10 Mart 1943 tarihinde, ağır güvenlik önlemleri altında, Adolf Hitler, Ukrayna'da, Zaporijya'yada, Ukrayna'daki Güney Ordular Grubu'nun karargahında askeri durumu gözlemlemek için ön hatlardan en az 48 km mesafeye uçtu. Manstein, havaalanında Hitler'i selamlıyor; sağda Hitler'in özel pilotu Hans Baur ve Luftwaffe'den Generalfeldmarschall Wolfram von Richthofen bulunmaktadır
For documentary purposes the German Federal Archive often retained the original image captions, which may be erroneous, biased, obsolete or politically extreme. Hitler begrüßt Generalfeldmarschall von Manstein auf einem Feldflugplatz im Osten 1943 [freigegeben am 18.3.1943] Information added by Wikimedia users.English: On 10 March 1943, under heavy security, Hitler flew in to Army Group South's headquarters at Zaporozh'ye, Ukraine. Seen here, Generalfeldmarschall Erich von Manstein is greeting Hitler on the local airfield; on the right are Hans Baur and the Luftwaffe Generalfeldmarschall Wolfram von RichthofenTürkçe: Zaporoje'deki Erich von Manstein'in karargâhını ziyaret eden Adolf Hitler (sol). Manstein (orta) ve Wolfram von Richthofen (sağ).
Energy spectrum of the electrons emitted in tritium beta decay. Three graphs for different neutrino masses are shown. These graphs differ only in the range near the high-energetic end-point; the intersection with the abscissa depends on the neutrino mass. In the KATRIN experiment the spectrum around this end-point is measured with high precision to obtain the neutrino mass.
Troopers and Legionnaires seen in camp at Sedd el Bahr on 6 May 1915, sorting out salvaged kit and equipment. The troopers wearing red fezzes have been wrongly labelled as Zouaves. The troopers are wearing the light blue tunics and red breeches of the Chasseurs d'Afrique rather than the short open jacket (veste arabe)[17] and voluminous trousers (serouel)[18] of the zouaves
English: IWM caption : THE GALLIPOLI CAMPAIGN, APRIL 1915-JANUARY 1916. Men of the French Foreign Legion and French Zouaves seen in camp at Sedd el Bahr, sorting out salvaged kit and equipment.
Η διαστολή του χρόνου εξηγεί γιατί δύο ρολόγια θα μετρήσουν διαφορετικούς χρόνους μετά από διαφορετικές επιταχύνσεις. Για παράδειγμα, οι αστροναύτες του ISS που επιστρέφουν από αποστολές έχουν ηλικία λίγο μικρότερη από ότι θα είχαν εάν είχαν παραμείνει στη Γη. Οι δορυφόροι GPS δουλεύουν επειδή προσαρμόζουν την κάμψη του χωροχρόνου για να συντονιστούν με τα συστήματα στη Γη.
English: Outpost
RED DE AYUDA A LA CONMUTACIÓN PARA EL APAGADO DEL TRANSISTOR 1) Circuito del snubber de apagado 2) su circuito equivalente durante el transitorio y 3) formas de onda de corriente y voltaje durante el transitorio de apagado. Las áreas sombreadas representan la carga sobre la capacitancia del snubber durante el apagado que se disipa en el transistor en el siguiente encendido.
Español: Apagado
The black-body radiance (Bλ) vs. wavelength (λ) curves for the visible spectrum. The vertical axes of Planck's law plots building this animation were proportionally transformed to keep equal areas between functions and horizontal axis for wavelengths 380–780 nm.  K indicates the color temperature in kelvins, and M indicates the color temperature in micro reciprocal degrees.
The black-body radiation curves for the visible spectrum. Vertical axes of Planck's law plots building this animation were proportionally transformed to keep equal areas between functions and horizontal axis for wavelengths (λ) 380-780 nm. Built with Graph, GIF Movie Gear 4.0 and Adobe Photoshop Elements. Hexadecimal values of colors for the color plate were taken from Mitchell Charity webpage.
Issues of 1908–1909, 8 cents through 1 dollar  The 8c, 10c and 15c Washington-heads also appear in the 1909 and 1910–11 series.The 13c Washington-head also appears in the 1909 series.The 50c and 1-dollar Washington-heads are exclusive to the 1908 series and appear nowhere else in the Issue.There are no Washington-heads with denominations of 9c, 11c, 12c, 20c 30c, $2 and $5.
English: US Postage stamps, Washington-Franklin 1908 issues, 8c - 50c
An example of ring modulation on sine waves of frequency 
  
    
      
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 (middle), producing a variation in amplitude of the sine wave-like frequency on 
  
    
      
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Muscle length vs Force. In Hill's muscle model the active and passive forces are respectively 
  
    
      
        
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English: Length Tension Curve of muscle
Граф И. И. Толстой (1858—1916) — выдающийся русский ученый, государственный и общественный деятель. В 1889 г. И. И. Толстой занял должность конференц-секретаря, а в 1893 г. был назначен вице-президентом Императорской Академии художеств.[40][Комм. 18] 
Под его руководством был разработан новый устав Академии и проведена её реформа.[41][Комм. 19]
Фотография, начало 1910-х гг.
English: Ivan Ivanovich Tolstoy (1858-1916), remarkable Russian scientist, statesman and public figure, an organizer of science, art and public education. Photo early 1910s. Русский: Иван Иванович Толстой (1858—1916), выдающийся русский ученый, государственный и общественный деятель, организатор науки, художественного образования и просвещения. Фото начала 1910-х годов.
exotherme Reaktion;

  
    
      
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L'intérieur, chef d’œuvre du gothique mosan, est tout en lignes pures et d'une grande légèreté. L'élégante sobriété de la pierre bleue de Meuse est rehaussée au niveau des arcs par le tuffeau jaune d'or de Maastricht et le calcaire jaune de Lorraine. Les voutains sont peints de somptueux rinceaux du XVIe siècle. L'église apparaît ainsi comme une « enluminure de pierre »[1].
Fujifilm FinePix X100 | 1/125sec, f/2.8, ISO 800
El SEAT 600 N.(Normal) fue la primera versión del 600. Como catadrióptica incorporaba unos pilotos intermitentes superiores sobreelevados al lado del capo; más adelante, sumándose a estos, se le añadió unos pilotos intermitentes frontales. Las puertas delanteras de estas primeras versiones se abrían hacia atrás (puertas suicidas o mirabragas), hasta llegar la versión 600 E.
English: A Seat 600 Deutsch: Ein Seat 600
Orthogonalprojektion eines Punkts 
  
    
      
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 bildet mit der Ebene einen rechten Winkel.
Harta județului Suceava în Atlasul Căilor de Comunicații din 1897. Viitorul Drum al Talienilor figurează ca Șosea Națională - cu traseul șoseluit până la Iesle, în curs de executare până în apropiere de apa Sabasei și neșoseluit până la Borca. Se remarcă gradul superior de importanță atribuit drumului, față de cel atribuit căii de comunicație reprezentată de valea Bistriței
Română: Atlasul Căilor de Comunicații (1897) - județul Suceava
Cheyenne Mountain Complex within Colorado Springs and on Cheyenne Mountain[1] includes the serpentine access road (NORAD Rd, left-to-right) to the parking area (right of center) near the tunnel entrance (small black rectangle).  NORAD Rd provides access to the south portal road (diagonally toward left) and to a SH 115 interchange (not shown) on the west side of Fort Carson.
Procrustes superimposition. The figure shows the three transformation steps of an ordinary Procrustes fit for two configurations of landmarks. (a) Scaling of both configurations to the same size; (b) Transposition to the same position of the center of gravity; (c) Rotation to the orientation that provides the minimum sum of squared distances between corresponding landmarks.
English: Procrustes superimposition. The figure shows the three transformation steps of an ordinary Procrustes fit for two configurations of landmarks. (a) Scaling of both configurations to the same size; (b) Transposition to the same position of the center of gravity; (c) Rotation to the orientation that provides the minimum sum of squared distances between corresponding landmarks.
Ferdinand Marcos was president of the Republic of the Philippines from 1965 until he was ousted by the People Power Revolution in 1986. The dramatic rise and fall of the Philippine economy during this period saw the economy peak at nearly 9% in 1973 and 1976, then nosediving to a two-year recession in 1984 and 1985, which saw the country's economy contracting by 7.3%.[1][2]
English: This photo was taken in 1989 when I visited the Phillippines. The bust is located on the Marcos Highway near the city of Baguio. It was partially destroyed in 2002.
Prințul Albert, regina Victoria și cei nouă copii ai lor.

De la stânga la dreapta: Alice, Arthur (mai târziu Duce de Connaught), Prințul Consort (Albert), Prințul de Wales (mai târziu Eduard VII), Leopold (mai târziu Duce de Albany, în fața Prințului de Wales), Louise, regina Victoria cu Beatrice, Alfred (mai târziu Duce de Edinburgh), Prințesa Regală (Victoria) și Helena.
English: Prince Albert, Queen Victoria and their nine children. From left to right: Alice, Arthur (later Duke of Connaught), The Prince Consort (Albert), The Prince of Wales (later Edward VII), Leopold (later Duke of Albany, in front of the Prince of Wales), Louise, Queen Victoria with Beatrice, Alfred (later Duke of Edinburgh), The Princess Royal (Victoria) and Helena
Denarius uit 19 v.Chr., waarop wordt gememoreerd aan Augustus' succes om de eerder buitgememaakte Romeinse veldtekens terug te krijgen van de Parthische koning Phraates IV. De kopzijde (links) toont Feronia met een diadeem; de legende noemt Turpilianus als triumvir monetalis. De achterzijde toont een geknielde Parthische strijder die een Romeinse legerstandaard overhandigt.
Augustus. 27 BC-AD 14. AR Denarius (18mm, 3.67 g, 3h). Rome mint. Publius Petronius Turpilianus (triumvir monetalis) i.e. moneyer. Struck 19/8 BC. Draped bust of Feronia right, wearing stephane Parthian kneeling right, extending standard to which is attached a vexillum marked X. RIC I 288; RSC 484. VF, porous. This type commemorates Augustus' diplomatic triumph in securing the restoration of the legionary standards which had been lost by Crassus and Antony in the disastrous campaigns of 53 and 36 BC. Many of the issues of this period commemorate this significant event.
1852ல் உருவாக்கப்பட்ட ஒரு மீவெப்பநிலை அளவி. சூடேற்றப்பட்ட உலோக பட்டை (a)  என்ற நெம்புகோலை அழுத்திக் கொண்டிருக்கிறது, இது (b) என்ற குறிமுள்ளை நகர்த்துகிறது,  இது (c) என்ற அளவுகோலின் மேலே நகர்கிறது. (e) என்ற நகராப்பொருள் உலோகப்பட்டையை அழுத்திப் பிடித்துக் கொண்டுள்ளது. (c) உள்ள ஒரு சுருள்வில் (c) யுடன் இணைக்கப்பட்டு, பட்டை குளிர்ந்தவுடன் தன் நிலையை அடையுமாறு செய்யப்பட்டுள்ளது.
English: Early pyrometer measuring the coefficient of expansion of a metal bar, from a 19th century chemistry textbook The metal bar (a) expands when heated by the lamps (f) and presses against a lever (b), which moves a pointer (c) along a scale that serves as a measuring index. (e) is an immovable prop which holds the bar in place. A spring on (c) pushes against (b), causing the index to fall back once the bar cools.
Hyperconjugation by neighboring alkyl groups stabilizes the t-butyl cation.  The stabilizing interaction can be depicted as an orbital interaction or by resonance structures involving "no-bond" resonance forms.  (For clarity, a dashed line is used to show that the hydrogen atom is still attached, although the formal C–H bond order in the hyperconjugative structure is zero.)
English: hyperconjugative stabilization
Vista del viejo alcázar según Jan Cornelisz. Vermeyen. La imagen corresponde, aproximadamente, al año 1534, antes de la ampliación emprendida por Carlos I en 1537, la primera de envergadura realizada en el edificio. Es probable que este fuera el aspecto que presentaba el castillo musulmán, cuya estructura y muros sirvieron de base al palacio real promovido por el emperador.
Dibujo del Alcázar de Madrid en 1534 o 1535
Caricature of António Cabreira studying a chamber pot, published in Bordalo Pinheiro's satirical periodical A Paródia in 1902. The text reads: "Do not be surprised by the presence of this object [...]. I am using it for the sake of convenience: while I can use the rim to test my new method for the division of the circumference, I can also use the inside to unload my ideas."
English: Caricature of António Cabreira (1868–1953) studying a chamber pot; published in the satirical periodical A Paródia, run by Rafael Bordalo Pinheiro, in 1902. Português: Caricatura de António Cabreira (1868–1953) estudando um penico; publicado no periódico satírico A Paródia, dirigido por Rafael Bordalo Pinheiro, em 1902.
Seen here on this ambulance are two red revolving lights (beacons) mounted above two flashing red lights, with two speakers between for the vehicle's electronic siren.  Also seen are two antennae; the one seen between the two speakers is for a two-way radio, while the one seen in front of the flashing light on the left is probably for the vehicle's conventional AM/FM radio.
Red lights and sirens as installed on top of an ambulance. The image was found here.
Paul von Hindenburg war von 1925 bis 1934 deutscher Reichspräsident. Ab 1930 half er verschiedenen Regierungen mit Notverordnungen aus, die mehr und mehr anstelle der eigentlichen Gesetzgebung traten. Im Januar 1933 ernannte er Adolf Hitler zum Reichskanzler. Mit der „Reichstagsbrandverordnung“ und anderen Verordnungen unterstützte Hindenburg die Errichtung der NS-Diktatur.
جوشکاری تنگستن گاز محافظ. در این روش جوشکاری میله نازک تنگستنی وظیفه ایجاد قوس الکتریکی را داشته و خود ذوب نمی‌شود. برای پر کردن شیار از یک سیم جوش که با دست دیگر کنترل می‌شود استفاده می‌شود. در این روش برای محافظت حوضچه مذاب در مقابل اکسایش از گاز خنثی استفاده می‌شود. این گاز خنثی معمولاً گاز آرگون است. به همین دلیل در ایران بیشتر به این روش جوشکاری، جوش آرگون گفته می‌شود.
English: Gas tungsten arc welding. Slovenščina: Tig varjenje, na primeru nerjavečega jekla.
A series of images demonstrating a focus bracket. The image on the left shows a single shot taken at f/10 with the features of the fly closest to the camera. The center image shows the features farthest from the camera.  The image on the right shows focus stacking: a sequence of six incrementally focused images of the fly assembled to make a composite image using CombineZM.
English: Series of images demonstrating a 6 image focus bracket of A Tachinid fly. First two images illustrate typical DOF of a single image while the third image is the composite of 6 images. Français : Série d'images d'une mouche tachinaire montrant l'intérêt de la Prise de vue en fourchette. Les deux première images montrent les problèmes de profondeur de champ rencontrés, la troisième a été obtenue en combinant six clichés réalisés avec six mises au point différentes. This image was created with CombineZM. Camera ModelCanon EOS 400DShutter speed1/3Aperturef/10Film speed (ISO)400LensSigma 150mm f/2.8Focal length150mm (x 1.6)FlashNatural ambient lightingFilmdigital
En cada sala  se encuentran lugares específicos para las personas que participan en él. Desde la parte central se pueden observar todos los elementos a analizar durante el juicio, por lo tanto, el juez toma este lugar. Las partes laterales del frente son específicamente para  los testigos y en  la parte trasera se encuentran el defensor, la víctima, el fiscal y el imputado.
Español: En cada sala se encuentran lugares específicos para las personas que participan en él. Desde la parte central se pueden observar todos los elementos a analizar durante el juicio, por lo tanto, el juez toma este lugar. Las partes laterales del frente son específicamente para los testigos y en la parte trasera se encuentran el defensor, la víctima, el fiscal y el imputado.
Joseph Smith jr. (1805-1844), amerikansk selverklært profet og grunnlegger av De siste dagers hellige. Den kristne Mormonkirken bygger sin lære på blant annet Bibelen og Mormons bok, Smiths «oversettelse» av angivelig guddommelige tekster om jøder i oldtidas Amerika. Mormonene praktiserte flerkoneri fram til 1890 (Smith hadde over tretti koner, etterfølgeren mer enn femti).
English: Joseph Smith from a daguerreotype taken by Lucian Foster (November 12, 1806-December 12 1845) sometime between 1840 and 1844, submitted to the Library of Congress in 1879 by Smith's son Joseph Smith III. This is a 3rd generation copy which has been heavily edited by an artist. Much controversy has surrounded this image and scholars questioned whether it came from a daguerreotype or a closely related painting. In 2009, Kim Marshall came forward with a unedited 2nd generation contact print given to her by her grandmother. An image that precedes the Library of Congress image of Joseph Smith in regards to editing and photographic detail, proving that in fact both photos originated from a long lost daguerreotype photograph of the LDS leader. Kim Marshall's research may be seen at http://josephsmithjr.co
Lake Havasu on the Colorado River is the secondary source of drinking water for Phoenix, Arizona, supplying about 40% of Phoenix's water supply. 50% comes from the watersheds of the Verde and Salt Rivers, according to the official website of the City of Phoenix Water Services Department. Los Angeles also obtains a significant percentage of its water supply from Lake Havasu.
English: This is a picture of Lake Havasu, which is on the border between Arizona and California, near Lake Havasu City, Arizona. The lake is formed by Parker Dam on the Colorado River. The picture was taken from Parker Dam, which can be seen on the right. A barrier to keep boats away from the dam can be seen in the distance. The picture was taken by me on September 16, 2005. I give permission for the picture to be used with attribution under the GFDL and Creative Commons.
Mapa světa, která ukazuje vyjádření jednotlivých států ke statusu Abcházie a Jižní Osetie (stav 29. květen 2018)      Abcházie a Jižní Osetie      Státy, které oficiálně uznaly nezávislost Abcházie a Jižní Osetie      Státy, které oficiálně uznaly nezávislost Jižní Osetie      Státy, které oficiálně neuznaly nezávislost Abcházie a Jižní Osetie, či nepodaly žádné stanovisko.