fschieber/wit-captions huggingface dataset:
English: The U.S. Navy destroyer USS La Vallette (DD-315) underway during the Presidential Naval Review, 4 June 1927. USS Melvin (DD-335) is partially visible in the left background.
Pegnitz, Rosengasse 43
Deutsch: Gewölbe der Nikolaikirche (ehem. Zisterzienserinnenkloster) Caldern nach Osten. Von der Orgelempore aus gesehen.
Русский: Проект синагоги Мелехес Ханох на ул.М.Балабана, 8 во Львове
English: Bee fly Myonema sp Daviesia decurrens. It is feeding upside down to access food from between the petals on the keel of the flower. These are the first Bee flies for the season and they are so magnificent. They feed on pea flowers.
Deutsch: Runkel, Burgstraße 27
Español: Gaztelugatxe desde el mirador. Vista clásica. Euskara: Gaztelugatxe begiratokitik. Ikuspegi klasikoa. English: Gaztelugatxe from the look-out. Classic view.
Helsingborg centrum
Magyar: Báthory-vár (Szilágysomlyó)
Großlangheim, Hauptstraße 69
Deutsch: Erftstadt-Köttingen, Pfarrhaus derPfarrkirche St. Josef
Français : Fort Moselle à Metz (Moselle, France) ; vue de la place de FranceEnglish: Moselle fort in Metz (Moselle, France) ; view from France square This building is indexed in the Base Mérimée, a database of architectural heritage maintained by the French Ministry of Culture, under the reference PA00106917 . беларуская (тарашкевіца)‎ | বাংলা | brezhoneg | català | Deutsch | Ελληνικά | English | Esperanto | español | euskara | suomi | français | magyar | italiano | 日本語 | македонски | Nederlands | português | português do Brasil | română | русский | sicilianu | svenska | українська | +/−
English: JR East Class EF81 electric locomotive EF81 97 at Matsushima Station on a Cassiopeia cruise train service 日本語: EF81形 松島駅 カシオペア
Ochsenfurt, Badgasse 13
This is a photograph of an architectural monument.It is on the list of cultural monuments of Bayern, no. E-1-72-122-3
Locator map of Andritsena municipality (Δήμος Ανδριτσαίνης) in Elis perfecture (Νομός Ηλείας) in Greece.
Français : le château de St-Mary vu depuis la route de la forêt de Bel-Air, Charente, France
Deutsch: Zigöllerkogel in Köflach  This media shows the nature reserve in Styria with the ID NSG 43 c. (commons, de)
Français : Gare de Nort-sur-Erdre, intérieur du bâtiment voyageurs.
日本語: 2015年度鈴鹿タイヤテストにおいて21号車Audi R8 LMS ultraを撮影。
English: Mario Totaro, Italian composer Italiano: Mario Totaro, compositore italiano
English: Officail photograph of Captain Marnie S. Buchanan, United States Navy Nurse Corps
Henden Place, The Green, Woodchurch, KentThis is a photo of listed building number 1121861.
Українська: PepsiCo в Україні - виробництво у Вишневому
English: David A. Capp official US Attorney photo
Català: Llum de peu TMC-DHUB-Estudio Rafael Vargas
This is an image of rijksmonument number 25649
A. COCOS STOLONIFERA.
Plage du Croazou à Kerlouan
Português: Eduardo realizou um show em Bauru na Grande São Paulo em 2010, enquanto ainda era membro da Facção Central
English: The design of the original Southwark Bridge in London (completed in 1819), from Ackermann's Repository of Arts [1]
Deutsch: Lindenstraße 16 (Ahlbeck)
Ventilation
Deutsch: Magdeburg-Ottersleben, Lüttgen Ottersleben 44 (Kulturdenkmal)
Français : Provins (Île-de-France), vitrail du Christ en gloire éclairé par le Père et le Saint-Esprit – Nef de la collégiale Saint-Quiriace. English: Provins (Île-de-France), stained glass window of Christ in glory lit by the Father and the Holy Spirit - Nave of the collegiate Church of Saint-Quiriace .
English: 2002 Chrysler PT Cruiser Touring Automatic 2.0 Taken in Warwick
Українська: капелан Бонн
Italiano: Chiesa di Santa Barbara, Ravenna
Español: El río Tormes a su paso por Valverdón
Deutsch: Eine kleine Ortskapelle mit Reparaturbedarf
Deutsch: Winterlinde (Tilia cordata)  This media shows the natural monument in Styria with the ID 888. (commons, de)
Hồ Tuyền Lâm Đà Lạt
Samuel Leonard Tilley
A 1940s map of the area of Qatra from the Survey of Palestine overlaid with modern roads. This map is part of a series of historical maps used for comparison, showing the same area, made with help from Palestine Open Maps. Related files include: See also 60x60px 60x60px
Čeština: Kaplička sv. Jana Nepomuckého, na Janské louce, Nové Hrady. Object location48° 47′ 25.18″ N, 14° 46′ 53.96″ E View this and other nearby images on: OpenStreetMap - Google Earth This is a photo of a cultural monument of the Czech Republic,number: 36702/3-313.Památkový katalogMIS hledat obrázky hledat seznamyWikidata
English: Municipality Saint-Luc
Українська: Науковець Безуглий Артем Олександрович
日本語: 初狩駅改札口 English: Ticket barriers of Hatsukari Station
Casca e resina da aroeira-do-sertão (Myracrodruon urundeuva Fr. Allem.)
English: Construction of Seaside Village - Horse Drawn Cart 1918 - Papers of Arthur Shurcliff and Sidney Shurcliff. Folder C018. Special Collections, Frances Loeb Library, Graduate School of Design, Harvard University.
Italiano: Villanova Truschedu - Chiesa e parco di San Gemiliano - Olivastro monumentale
Français : La fontaine Notre-Dame située rue «Beg-Tal-Men» à Larmor-Plage (Morbihan, France).
English: J. C. Barron Flour Mill This is an image of a place or building that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places in the United States of America. Its reference number is 78002788
Italiano: Versante sud-occidentale del monte Rastcias (val Varaita - val Maira) visto dalla vicina cima Lubin
Deutsch: Marburg-Ockershausen, Hessen, Deutschland English: Marburg-Ockershausen, Hesse, Germany
English: Christ Church, Lewes, East Sussex, seen from the west from Fitzjohns Road. A Methodist and United Reformed ecumenical partnership.
Українська: Стеля з палацу Ковнера. Стеля центральної кімнати
Deutsch: Das denkmalgeschützte Urlauberkreuz aus dem Jahr 1567 in der niederösterreichischen Gemeinde Hausleiten.   This media shows the protected monument with the number 854 in Austria. (Commons, de, Wikidata)
Polski: Bąk w 2018 roku
Deutsch: ehemaliges Lehrerwohnhaus; Krüppelwalmdachbau, Heimatstil, bezeichnet 1914
Deutsch: Denkmalgeschützte Wartehalle/Kiosk in Köln-Porz Datum: 08.04.2011 Urheber: M. Pfeiffer alias Benutzer:Gordito1869 Quelle: privates Fotoarchiv des Urhebers
chemical structure of phenyl salicylate
Deutsch: Auf der Piazzetta Pier Paolo Pasolini in Bologna ist für die abendliche Vorführung eines Stummfilms im Rahmen des Filmfestivals "Il Cinema Ritrovato" ein alter Filmprojektor bereitgestellt.
Català: Església de l'Assumpció de Boldú (la Fuliola) This is a photo of a building indexed in the Catalan heritage register as Bé Cultural d'Interès Local (BCIL) under the reference IPA-29768.
Italiano: Locri Epizefiri, il teatro greco romano nel 1996.
Berlin-Biesdorf, Augenfalterstr.
Български: Винганската неоготическа църква
English: A villager from Kontali, Djibouti, sings a marriage song during a cultural festival at the Kontali schoolhouse, Oct. 1. The song accompanied traditional African dances, and was held by villagers to introduce Seabees from Naval Mobile Construction Battalion 5 to Kontali culture.
Constance Collier as Nancy in Oliver Twist at New Amsterdam Theatre
Español: 25 Av. Norte, San Salvador. Lugar de la masacre del 30 de julio de 1975
English: Bosanski Petrovac - mosque in city center
English: Head view of ant Paratrechina gracilis specimen casent0101300.
Deutsch: Königsberg, Portal am Gröbenschen Stipendiatenhaus, Fleischbänkenstrasse 35
Français : Vue de Laval, gravure de Thomas Drake
Français : Luri (Corse) - Chapelle San Roccu au hameau du même nom
Жертвам Голодомору (Бородянка)
日本語: フローラルプレイス
English: Landscape in Southern France by Paul Camille Guigou, 1870, oil on panel, Norton Simon Museum
Deutsch: Eibe im Stadtpark von Wiener Neustadt, Niederösterreich  This media shows the natural monument in Lower Austria with the ID WN-024. (commons, de)
United States President Donald Trump; Gen. Mark Milley, chief of staff of the Army; and Vice President Mike Pence salute a formation of U.S. Army Soldiers taking part in the 58th Presidential Inauguration Parade in Washington, D.C., on Jan. 20. The parade route stretched approximately 1.5 miles along Pennsylvania Avenue from the U.S. Capitol to the White House. (U.S. Army Reserve photo by Master Sgt. Michel Sauret)
English: Rodney's Pillar
Русский: Безобидной лжи не бывает. Даже самая потаенная мысль рано или поздно пересекает границы души и оказывается в реальности настоящего времени. Представьте, что такая реальность материальна, она действительно существует, и ваши самые безжалостные фантазии находят в ней воплощение. Эта история о человеке, для которого власть, вседозволенность, безнаказанность слились воедино… «Sпарта» — это игра без правил, в которой виртуальное становится реальным.
Cmdr. Mike Ginter, Operations Officer aboard USS John F. Kennedy (CV-67), raffled off a ride in his World War II T-6 Texan aircraft.
Español: Riosucio, Chocó.
Deutsch: Bürgerhaus, Zainingerhaus/Neues Häusel am Imberg (1600), es handelt sich um das Doppelhaus auf der rechten Seite des FotosEnglish: Nb.45 is the twin-house on the right side of the picture.   This media shows the protected monument with the number 46857 in Austria. (Commons, de, Wikidata)
Greek, South Italian, Apulian; Lekanis; Vases
English: Hondertmarck 8, Maastricht, The Netherlands. Nederlands: Hondertmarck 8, Maastricht. Achterhuis van Sint Bernardusstraat 10.
Nederlands: Middendeel van het plafond van de regentessekamer in het Sint Jozefhuis in Hoorn. Voorstelling van de Liefdadigheid. De vrouw in het blauw is Overvloed
English: 'The Britannia Inn' at Rowley Village It am yonks since ar bin in ere!
Polski: por. Marian Grodzki (Centralna Wojskowa Szkoła Gimnastyki i Sportów w Poznaniu)
Nederlands: wijdingskruis in het koor van de kerk van Leegkerk This is an image of rijksmonument number 18755
Connecticut - New London County - Norwich National Register of Historic Places #72001344 NRIS 2011 Apr 22 Mill smoke stack; view SW edit: crop (Currently condos and apartments)
English: The Edwin Todd House, located at 520 N. Adam St., Owosso, MI.
Deutsch: Bildstock in Bannewitz am Kirchplatz
Deutsch: Eingeschossiger Putzbau über hohem Sockel mit freiliegendem Giebelfachwerk, 1673.
English: C-Dogs logo
Català: Part de la falleta
Konventionelles Röntgenbild des Thorax (der Lunge) mit rundlicher Verdichtung in der linken Lunge
Русский: Собственный сад около Большого Гатчинского дворца
Deutsch: Stolperstein Marta Steinweg am Haus Aplerbecker Markt 6 in DortmundEnglish: Stolperstein Marta Steinweg at house Aplerbecker Markt 6 in Dortmund, GermanyEsperanto: Stumbligaj ŝtonetoj Marta Steinweg ĉe domo Aplerbecker Markt 6 en Dortmund, Germanio
Polski: Centrum Krynicy-Zdroju, widok ze stoku Krzyżowej.
Français : Vitrail représentant un ange en train de convertir le gouverneur Spirius, mur sud du chœur, cathédrale Saint-Front, Périgueux, Dordogne, France. Le vitrail est l'œuvre d'Édouard Didron.
Français : Titre du Film Licence to Kill
Nederlands: J.P. Menger - Droogmaking van het Haarlemmermeer (1860) - kz
Map of Scollay Square and vicinity. Boston, 1895.
◆Selected◆Hong Kong◆Star Ferry◆
English: Youbai no taki (Medaki)waterfalls, Shiga prefecture, Japan 日本語: 楊梅の滝（雌滝）、滋賀県、日本
Мезонин с двумя окнами. д. Княгиниха. Савинский р-н. Ивановская обл. Август 2013
English: Ochna thomasiana photographed at the Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden (Chiang Mai Province, Thailand) in March
Español: Residencia de don Gregorio Lezama Actual sede del Museo Histórico This is a photo of an Argentine monument identified by the ID 297
Հայերեն: Խրիմյան Հայրիը
日本語: 塩屋安養寺
Deutsch: Menhir im Stadtwald Bad Kreuznach English: Standing Stone ( Menhir ) Known by the name ː Der lange Mann
This is a picture of the panamanian cultural heritage monument with the ID 08-059-DCMHN
Svenska: Bropelare byggs för S:t Eriksbron
Toomyvara Priory, Toomyvara, County Tipperary, Ireland English: North wall of Toomyvara Priory.
Čeština: Julius Rott 1845-1876 za mládí
English: Lac Long, Alpes-Maritimes (06) Français : Lac Long, Alpes-Maritimes (06)
Français : Rue Saint-Placide, à hauteur du no 48, en direction de la rue de Rennes, VIe arrondissement, Paris, France.
This is a photo of a cultural heritage object in Russia, number: 7810406075 This template and pages using it are maintained by the Russian WLM team. Please read the guidelines before making any changes that can affect the monuments database!
Français : Martin Behr (1841-1904), entrepreneur allemand.
한국어: 2005년 12월부터 2013년까지 사용했던 MBC 뉴스데스크 로고입니다.
Português: TOPBUS CAIO. English: CAIO Biarticulado bus (#7 2915) with unknown chassis in São Paulo City, Brazil.
Deutsch: Stadtbefestigung, TorThis is a photograph of an architectural monument.It is on the list of cultural monuments of Bayern, no. D-4-72-118-1
Norsk bokmål: Birgitte Næss Wærner. Skjermdump NRK Sportsrevyen
Čeština: Městské opevnění (Prostějov), Školní, Knihařská, Prostějov This is a photo of a cultural monument of the Czech Republic,number: 34667/7-5727.Památkový katalogMIS hledat obrázky hledat seznamyWikidata
Deutsch: Gedenkkreuz aus dem Jahre 1804 in Gescher
Português: Ônibus da Viação Nossa Senhora da Penha modelo NeoBus Mega
ਪੰਜਾਬੀ: ਅਕਾਲੀ ਕਰਤਾਰ ਸਿੰਘ ਯਾਦਗਾਰੀ ਸਟੇਡਿਯਮ ਬਿਲਾਸਪੁਰ ਦਾ ਗੇਟ
Mogiła ks. Józefa Gackiego na "starym cmentarzu" w Jedlni
English: Vitt, Rügen, boat harbor Deutsch: Vitt, Rügen, Hafen Esperanto: Vitt, insulo Rügen, haveno
English: West face of the Hotel Idaho Building, 482 W. Constitution St., Idaho Falls, Bonneville County, Idaho, USA This is an image of a place or building that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places in the United States of America. Its reference number is 84001042
Deutsch: Wohnhaus in Karsdorf, Heidestr. 17
Read the story on the photoblog - carrotmadman6.blogspot.com/2012/01/caudan-waterfront-at-n...
Español: El Grafico del 01 de Septiembre de 1928. Edicion 478
Čeština: Socha Ukřižování, Sluneční, parc. 258, rozcestí v severním ohybu ulice, Tuklaty. This is a photo of a cultural monument of the Czech Republic,number: 41664/2-869.Památkový katalogMIS hledat obrázky hledat seznamyWikidata
This is a photo of onroerend erfgoed number 58801
Red-billed Quelea - Natal - South Africa_S4E7900
English: Track map of Tropical Storm Four of the 1950 Pacific hurricane season. The points show the location of the storm at 6-hour intervals. The colour represents the storm's maximum sustained wind speeds as classified in the Saffir–Simpson scale (see below), and the shape of the data points represent the nature of the storm, according to the legend below. Saffir–Simpson scale Tropical depression≤38 mph≤62 km/h Category 3111–129 mph178–208 km/h Tropical storm39–73 mph63–118 km/h Category 4130–156 mph209–251 km/h Category 174–95 mph119–153 km/h Category 5≥157 mph≥252 km/h Category 296–110 mph154–177 km/h Unknown Storm type Tropical cyclone Subtropical cyclone Extratropical cyclone / Remnant low / Tropical disturbance
Français : Portrait de Madame Gabriel Biessy (1896)
Čeština: Dům v Kamenné Hoře. Okres Plzeň-sever, Česká republika.
English: House on Aghmashenebeli avenue 121
English: Bike parking integrated with bench on Lesi Ukrainky street, Lviv, Ukraine.
English: Israel road 3411 sign
Notera Av dokumentationsskäl har originalbeskrivningen från Riksantikvarieämbetet behållits. Tillrättalägganden och alternativa beskrivningar bör införas separat från nedanstående information. Felaktigheter kan även anmälas till denna sida. Motiv: Gnisvärd skeppsättning Kategori: Stenkrets/domarring/skeppssättning . Gnisvärd skeppsättning. This is a picture of an archaeological site or a monument in Sweden, number 10091000760001 in the RAÄ Fornsök database.
Español: Hordeum murinum subsp. glaucum hábito, Dehesa Boyal de Puertollano, España English: Hordeum murinum subsp. glaucum habit, Dehesa Boyal de Puertollano, Spain
English: SAN DIEGO (July 15, 2008) National Basketball Association legend, Bill Walton, thanks Sailors from the Nimitz-class aircraft carrier USS George Washington (CVN 73) for their service at a picnic hosted by Morale, Welfare, and Recreation (MWR), at Breakers Beach aboard Naval Air Station North Island. MWR provided food, a climbing wall, games, live music and other activities. US Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist 3rd Class Damien Horvath (Released)
Deutsch: Maja Lomineischwili bei der 38. Schacholympiade in Dresden 2008
Nederlands: De GORINCHEM VI op de Merwede.
English: Flower and birds by Sonoku, Kumejima Museum, Kumejima, Okinawa, Japan 日本語: 絹本着色花鳥図孫億筆
Polski: Proszowice, ul. Partyzantów - kaplica pw. Świętej Trójcy, 1859 (prezbiterium) This is a photo of a monument in Poland identified by the ID 619371
English: Location Norr-Äspen, Sweden Nederlands: Norr-Äspen, Zweden
Chiostro di san lorenzo
Deutsch: Fachwerkscheune in Pfetzendorf, einem Ortsteil der mittelfränkischen Stadt Leutershausen
English: Kumano River in Shingū, Wakayama prefecture, Japan 日本語: 熊野川, 和歌山県新宮市 Camera: Sony NEX-5Lens: Sony SEL1855
between 1883 and 1889 date QS:P,+1883-00-00T00:00:00Z/8,P1319,+1883-00-00T00:00:00Z/9,P1326,+1889-00-00T00:00:00Z/9
Deutsch: DRB-Linien in Oberbayern
Русский: Озеро Редькино, пляж English: Red`kine Lake, Kiev, beach
Magyar: A pannonhalmi bencés apátság altemploma
English: Kiyosumi Teien #2 日本語: 清澄庭園(写真その2)
English: Large crowd outside public exhibition building, Coolgardie.
English: Temple gate, Chōkō-ji日本語: 朝光寺　山門
Українська: церква Стрітення, Львів, Винниченка вул., 30 This is a photo of a monument in Ukraine, number: 46-101-0145
Français : Guy Zilberstein
Français : Chapelle funéraire d'Évans
Nederlands: bij Lingemeer, het Lingemeer English: near Lingemeer, lake: the Lingemeer
English: Rocky Springs Methodist Church
Latviešu: Balvu pareizticīgo baznīca.
Szokolay Sándor
English: Ashley River - Rakahur, Puketeraki Forest Conservation Area, Canterbury, New Zealand
Deutsch: Kapelle Christi Himmelfahrt   This media shows the protected monument with the number 66956 in Austria. (Commons, de, Wikidata)
Rijksmonumenten Monument Steenen Beer 5 Vlissingen This is an image of rijksmonument number 37797
Русский: Архиепископ Гавриил (Чемодаков) на ежегодной Свято-Германовской конференции
This is an image of rijksmonument number 18130
Svenska: Entrén vid Campurs Bromma med loggan på väggen
Български: Връх Лозен в Беласица English: Lozen peak in Belasitsa, Bulgaria
English: Nyvallens fäbodvall (seter) next to Sonfjället national park. Information centre for the national park. Sonfjället is a national park situated in Härjedalen, in central Sweden. It was established in 1909, making it one of Europe's oldest national parks.
Français : Chœur, fenêtre romane au sud.
English: The blue line represents the corrected divergence of c9orf135. The grey line represents cytochrome C corrected divergence, and the orange line represents the corrected divergence for fibrinogen.
Grenzstein Nr. 197 Historische Landesgrenze Königreich Sachsen Königreich Preußen 1815 (Wiener Kongress). Es ist nur noch das Fundament vorhanden. Davor Läuferstein Nr. 12 zwischen Grenzstein 196 und Grenzstein 197
English: Andrey Batt performing at Holi Fest
English: Jacobuskerk, Kethel (Schiedam) - The Netherlands
English: Known by their fruits. Grim-faced fruit trader beside the Asda (formerly Dales) supermarket (clockwise) car park on Mill Way, Milton Regis. This sculpture by Mark Folds weighs 10 tonnes, and is made of limestone. It was the winner of the 1995 Rouse Public Art Award. Richard Dorrell https://www.geograph.org.uk/profile/20032 tells me, "... the man is "grim faced" because he is a worker from the brick making industry - he is dressed in typical brick maker clothing, and pushes a 2-wheel barrow of the type used to carry clay from where it was dug to where the bricks were made. The fruit and hops in his barrow in the sculpture are symbolic, showing Sittingbourne to be a centre for fruit and hop growing as well as brick making."
English: Museum of local history (primary a Gothic granary and formerly in use as municipal office) on Klosterweg #2, market town Arnoldstein, district Villach Land, Carinthia, Austria, EU Deutsch: Heimatmuseum (ursprünglich ein gotischer Getreidespeicher und ehemaliges Gemeindeamt) am Klosterweg 2, Marktgemeinde Arnoldstein, Bezirk Villach Land, Kärnten, Österreich, EU   This media shows the protected monument with the number 61350 in Austria. (Commons, de, Wikidata)
English: Jumencourt (Aisne) croix de chemin
Deutsch: Kantonsstrasse in Richtung Dorfmitte von Courroux (JU)
Français : Monument aux morts de Niort-la-Fontaine, commune de Lassay-les-Châteaux (53).
English: Kauno energija
Português: Chafariz com cerca de 100 anos. A parte esquerda, que hoje serve de floreira, era o bebedouro dos animais. Havia um tubo que levava a água do chafariz para o bebedouro.
English: Extremely Rare HH Scott Model 350 Tube FM Muliplex Tuner with Dealer Installed Marantz Faceplate - View of Marantz Font above knobs - Photo used with permission of Al Slater at Plateau Audio
Cladius pectinicornis female, Graig-fechan, North Wales, July 2015 3
日本語: 熊本県菊池郡大津町にある熊本県立大津（おおづ）高等学校
Deutsch: Ehem. Stadtpalais Herberstein   This media shows the protected monument with the number 56805 in Austria. (Commons, de, Wikidata)
Français : La muraille Est d'Apollonia : la porte nord-est en ruines. English: The eastern city walls of Apollonia (Albania) : the north-east door.
Harborwalk, Boston.
Deutsch: Esche (Fraxinus excelsior)  This media shows the natural monument in Vienna with the ID 656. (commons, de)
Français : Pont-l'Abbé Limite communale This map was created from OpenStreetMap project data, collected by the community. This map may be incomplete, and may contain errors. Don't rely solely on it for navigation.
Français : Les hiercheuses
Français : Noyerais
Català: Autoretrat de Hans Memling a la taula esquerra del Tríptic de Donne.
English: St. Sebastian, Detail of the "Johannesaltar" in the christan church St. Peter in Lieser Deutsch: St. Sebastian, Detail des Johannesaltars in der Pfarrkirche St. Peter in Lieser
한국어: 평택제천고속도로 대소JC 500m 표지판 (제천 방면)
English: Seikan Ferry Asakaze No,5 in Port of Hakodate(Japan). IMO number: Callsign: 日本語: 青函フェリーの「あさかぜ5号」。函館港北埠頭付近より撮影。
cross section: Pinus stem magnification: 40x During the first year of growth the cutinized epidermis is replaced by protective growth of cork rich periderm. The outer periderm consists of layers of cork cells, the phellem, which produces waterproofing suberin. Cork cells are dead at maturity. Deep to the phellem is a living layer of cork cambium or phellogen and beneath that, layers of cork parenchyma or phelloderm. Many cells in the periderm contain dark staining tannins. The cortex is divided into a thin outer hypodermis of lignified sclerenchyma cells and thicker inner cortex of thin walled parenchyma cells containing chloroplasts. Large resin ducts are surrounded by secretory parenchyma that produces resins and turpentines. Some cells enlarge into dark staining tyloses. Both endoderm and pericycle are inconspicuous. The vascular cylinder or stele in young stems consists of a ring of vascular bundles interspaced with medullary rays of parenchyma cells. Seasonal activity of the cambium replaces the isolated vascular bundles with well-defined annual rings of secondary phloem and xylem. Xylem is endarch with protoxylem found towards center of the stem and younger metaxylem towards the periphery of the stem. Protoxylem consists of annular and spiral tracheids with only tracheids found in metaxylem. True xylem vessels are lacking. Because of the greater production of xylem, the vascular cylinder is dominated by radially arranged rays of secondary xylem interspaced with medullary rays of parenchyma cells. Conspicuous resin ducts are present throughout the xylem. Phloem is endarch but annual growth the of stem makes it difficult to distinguish between older protophloem to the periphery and younger metapholem towards center of the stem. Phloem lacks companion cells, consisting entirely of sieve tubes and phloem parenchyma. Medullary rays in the secondary phloem include protein rich albuminous cells. A well-defined pith of parenchyma cells is occasionally interrupted by a few large resin ducts. Visit the BCC Bioscience Image featuring the Microscopic World of Plants. <a href="http://www.berkshirecc.edu/biologyimages" rel="nofollow">www.berkshirecc.edu/biologyimages</a>