#  Introduction

The Co-ReSyF project will deploy a dedicated data access and processing
infrastructure and user portal, with automated tools, methods and standards to
support research applications using Earth Observation (EO) data for monitoring
of Coastal Waters, leveraging system components deployed as part of the SenSyF
project (www.sensyf.eu). The main objective is to facilitate the access to
Earth Observation data and processing tools for the Coastal research
community, aiming at the provision of new Coastal Water services based on EO
data.

Through Co-ReSyF‘s collaborative front end, even unexperienced researchers in
EO will be able to upload their applications to the Cloud Platform, in order
to compose and configure processing chains, for easy deployment and
exploitation on a cloud computing infrastructure. Users will be able to
accelerate their development of high-performing applications taking full
advantage of the scalability of resources available from Terradue Cloud
Platform’s Application integration service. The system’s facilities and tools,
optimized for distributed processing, include EO data access catalogues,
discovery and retrieval tools, as well as a number of preprocessing tools and
toolboxes for manipulating EO data. Advanced users will also be able to go
further and take full control of the processing chains and algorithms by
having access to dedicated cloud back-end services, and to further optimize
their applications for fast deployment addressing big data access and
processing.

The Co-ReSyF capabilities will be supported and initially demonstrated by a
series of early adopters who will develop new research applications for the
coastal domain, guide the definition of requirements and serve as system beta
testers. Following this, a competitive call will be issued within the project
to further demonstrate and promote the usage of the Co-ReSyF release. These
pioneering researchers will be given access not only to the Cloud Platform
itself, but also to extensive training material on the system and on Coastal
Waters research themes, as well as to the project's events, including the
Summer School and Final Workshop.

##  Purpose and Scope

The purpose of the Data Management Plan (DMP) is to provide an analysis of the
main elements of the data management policy that will be used by the Co-ReSyF
project with regard to all the datasets that will be generated by the project.
The DMP is not a fixed document, but evolves during the lifespan of the
project.

##  Document Structure

The structure of the document is as follows:

x Chapter 2 : Description of the datasets to be produced x Chapter 3:
Description of the standards and metadata used x Chapter 4: Description of the
method for sharing the data x Chapter 5: Solutions for the archiving and
preservation

#  Data Sets Description

##  SAR_BATHYMETRY_DEM

Digital Elevation model of the sea bed surface derived from a collection of
SAR images of the area of interest. The derived bathymetry data will be
applicable to the region of the sea bed from the coastline ranging from depths
lower than 200m and greater than 10m.

The data may allow monitoring the coastal bathymetry evolution from multiple
images (at multiple times). Also in rapidly morphologically changing
conditions, such as during coastal storms or tsunamis, if the SAR-image
conditions are valid, then one can obtain pre and postdisaster bathymetries,
which are extremely useful for disaster/risk management and coastal management
in general. The bathymetry evolution would also be of extreme importance for
data assimilation studies with the numerical morphodynamical or storm-surge
models. Other uses of this product are: coastal engineering studies, coastal
morphological evolution studies, coastal wave and current numerical modelling,
etc...

##  OPT_BATHYMETRY_DEM

Digital Elevation model of the sea bed surface derived from a collection of HR
optical images of the area of interest. The derived bathymetry data will be
applicable to the region of the sea bed from the coastline ranging from depths
from 0m to 10m (shallow waters).

This data will be complementary to the SAR_BATHYMETRY_DEM, covering the
shallow waters region that cannot be covered by the SAR technique. The usage
of the data will be the same as for the SAR_BATHYMETRY_DEM (refer to Section
2.1).

##  WAT_BENTHIC_CLASS

Data containing the classification of the sea floor by its class of sea bottom
albedo type. The derived data will be applicable to the region of the sea bed
from the coastline ranging from depths from 0m to 10m (shallow waters).

For shallow ocean waters, knowledge of the optical bottom albedo is necessary
to model the underwater and above-water light field, to enhance underwater
object detection or imaging, and to correct for bottom effects in the optical
remote sensing of water depth or inherent optical properties (IOP’s).
Measurements of the albedo can also help one identify the bottomsediment
composition, determine the distribution of benthic algal or coral communities,
and detect objects embedded in the sea floor.

##  WAT_QUALITY_PROP

Data containing the water quality properties (Chlorophyll-a concentration,
particulates backscattering coefficient, and absorption of Coloured dissolved
organic materials), for a region of interest. The derived data will be
applicable to the region of the sea bed from the coastline ranging from depths
from 0m to 10m (shallow waters).

Knowledge of the water quality properties can be used for environmental
analysis of the quality of the coastal waters and their evolution with the
growing of the coastal city areas. Knowledge of the Chlorophyll-a
concentration (biomass) is one of the most useful measurements in limnology
and oceanography. The biomass can be used for studying phytoplankton community
structure, the size frequency distribution of the algal cells and seasonal
shifts within the plankton community. Phytoplankton abundance is related to
natural cycles in nutrient availability and to the input of phosphate and
nitrate. Excess phosphate and nitrate can come from groundwater or water
treatment plants and sewer overflow (nitrate and phosphate are not removed in
most sewage treatment plants). Excess nutrients can cause blooms of
phytoplankton, which can contribute to bottom water anoxia under stratified
conditions.

##  VESSEL_DETECTION_TESTS

Data containing the position of the detected vessels for a time interval and
region of interest, and the real position of vessels from historical AIS
databases for the same time interval and region of interest.

The data may be used for researchers to analyse the performance of their
detection algorithms with respect to the number of false alarms and true
positives for the ships detection. Ship detection plays an important role in
monitoring illegal ships activities and controlling the country’s borders. It
can also be used for statistics for marine traffic in order to identify the
areas with intensive ship routes.

##  OIL_SPILL_DETECTION_TESTS

Data containing the position of the detected oil spills for a time interval
and region of interest, and the real position of the oil spills from
historical databases for the same time interval and region of interest.

The data may be used for researchers to analyse the performance of their
detection algorithms with respect to the number of false alarms and true
positives for the oil spills detection. Oil spill detection is used to monitor
the illegal dumping of oil from vessels and maintaining the environmental
integrity of the coastline. The identification of oil spills may also play an
important role in case of environmental disasters in order to assist in the
clean-up procedures of the environmental agencies.

##  WAT_BOUNDARY_MAPS

The data is composed of two ocean boundary map for the period and region of
interest in question. One map is delineating the boundaries between different
pixels exhibiting different seasonalities, where prime zones for water mass
mixing can be found. And another map is providing a randomised SST/Chl
boundary output, to determine whether the patterns evident in the true
boundary data, are indeed patterns worth basing scientific research on.

Water mass convergence zones are critically important to maintaining our
ocean’s fisheries and ecological systems, frequently representing areas where
colder, nutrient rich water mixes with warmer waters. This interaction fuels
increased plant growth at the base of the ocean food chain, feeding the system
that produces the overwhelming majority of the fish we eat. As ocean surface
phytoplankton grows, sickens, and dies, their photosynthetic activity
fluctuates accordingly. Satellite-derived measurements of chlorophyll activity
provide a measurable estimate of this photosynthetic activity. Furthermore,
with near-daily repeat times over fixed points, some optical datasets
currently extend over a continuous 15 years.

##  COAST_ALTIMETRY_TRACKS

Data containing the SSH, SLA, SWH and Wind Speed data, and its respective
geographical coordinates and time stamp, derived from the ALES retracker
algorithm for the region of interest and the selected time period with a
sampling frequency of 20Hz. In addition an extra dataset with the range and
the applied corrections in order to derive the main parameters will also be
part of the data.

Sea level rise is an important indicator of climate change and one of its
greatest impacts on society. Due to sea level rise many regions of the world’s
coasts will be at much increased risk of flooding during the course of the
21st century and hundreds of millions of people currently living just above
may have to be relocated, and coastal infrastructure to be moved or rebuilt.
The rise rate shows huge regional variations so it is essential for coastal
planners to have regional observations of sea level rise rate, which in
combination with regional models will lead to regional projections. Tide
gauges measure sea level variation but are affected by local vertical land
movement, for instance due to subsidence. Altimetry, and coastal altimetry in
particular, provide complementary measurements that are not affected by
vertical land variation. In essence the coastal planners need the integration
of both types of measurement.

#  Standards and Metadata

The Co-ReSyF catalogue uses the OGC® OpenSearch Geo and Time extensions
standard to expose data + metadata. The baseline of the standard is the
OpenSearch v1.1 specification (A9.com, Inc, n.d.). The Geo and Time extensions
provide with the main queryables to manage geospatial data products, and the
specification is standardized at the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC, n.d.).

According to the selected standard baseline and extensions, the data catalogue
queryable elements are as follows:

x count={count?} x startPage={startPage?} x startIndex={startIndex?} x
sort={sru:sortKeys?} x q={searchTerms?}

x start={time:start?} x stop={time:end?} x timerelation={time:relation?} x
name={geo:name?} x uid={geo:uid?} x bbox={geo:box?} x geometry={geo:geometry?}
x submitted={dct:dateSubmitted?}

#  Data Sharing

The Cloud Platform will be the privileged storage and cataloguing resource for
managing the information layers produced by the project and described above.
The Data Agency hosted by Terradue is the dedicated Cloud Platform service in
charge of this type of operations. The catalogue entries of the Data Agency
are open and web accessible.

The data products referenced by a catalogue entry might require user
authentication to allow download from a storage repository, depending on the
policies (e.g. embargo period before full public release) applied by the
producer organization. User registration procedures shall be described on the
Co-ReSyF portal and be simple to follow by registrants (base don a single
signon principle).

To query the Data Agency catalogue from within application scripts, users can
take advantage of the opensearch-client tool (Terradue, n.d.). Here are the
available keywords to receive direct results:

x wkt -> retrieve the product geometry in Well Known Text format x enclosure
-> the URL to download the product x startdate -> Product Start Datetime x
enddate -> Product End Datetime x identifier -> Product ID

#  Archiving and preservation

While Terradue Cloud Platform provides the Data management and operations
backbone from where data products can be directly accessed, the Cloud Platform
supports distributed computing protocols allowing managing different storage
locations for a same dataset.

Long term data preservation of the produced datasets is foreseen to follow two
main tracks:

  1. Management of product copies onto the European Science Cloud, with as of today, physical resources being provided by the organization EGI (European Grid Infrastructure). 

  

  2. Management of products copies onto partners own storages offering an access point to the Platform to perform the data staging operations. 

  

  

Option 1 is the default option for long-term preservation of the product
copies and will be assured as long as the Co-ReSyF platform is operational
with no additional cost to the partners for storing the data.

Option 2 is an alternative option in case the generator of the dataset prefers
to keep control of the data. This option is not foreseen to be used for the
datasets described above and in case it is used it is the responsibility of
the owner of the repository to arrange for financial support for ensuring the
preservation of the data.

#  Reference Documents

x Co-ReSyF. (2016). _GRANT AGREEMENT-687289_ . European Commission, Research
Executive Agency.

x Terradue (n.d.). opensearch-client. Terradue Developer Cloud Sandbox.
Retrieved June 22  nd  ,

2016, from
_http://docs.terradue.com/developersandbox/reference/man/bash_commands_functions/catalogue/opensearchclient.html?highlight=opensearch_

x A9.com, Inc (n.d.). OpenSearch Specifications 1.1. OpenSearch.org. Retrieved
June 22  nd  ,

2016, from  _http://www.opensearch.org/Specifications/OpenSearch_

x OGC (n.d.). OpenSearch Geo and Time Extensions. Opengeospatial.org.
Retrieved June 22  nd  , 2016, from
_http://www.opengeospatial.org/standards/opensearchgeo_

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