#  Introduction

##  Scope

The _Residue2Heat_ Data Management Plan (DMP) constitutes one of the outputs
of the work package dissemination, communication and exploitation, dedicated
to raising awareness and promoting the project and its related results,
achievements. The present deliverable is prepared at an early project stage
(Month 12), in order to commence on a strategy on data management from the
project onset. It is also envisaged that the Data Management Plan will be
implemented during the entire project lifetime and updated on a yearly basis.

The main focus of the _Residue2Heat_ data management framework is to ensure
that the project’s generated and gathered data can be preserved, exploited and
shared for verification or reuse in a consistent manner. The main purpose of
the Data Management Plan (DMP) is to describe _Research Data_ with the
metadata attached to make them _discoverable_ , _accessible_ , _assessable_ ,
_usable beyond the original purpose_ and _exchangeable_ between researchers.
The definition of Research data is defined in the “Guidelines on Open Access
to Scientific Publication and Research Data in Horizon 2020” (2015) as:

“ _Research data_ refers to information, in particular facts or numbers,
collected to be examined and considered and as a basis for reasoning,
discussion, or calculation. In a research context, examples of data include
statistics, results of experiments, measurements, observations resulting from
fieldwork, survey results, interview recordings and images. The focus is on
research data that is available in digital form."

According to the EC provided documentation  1  for data management in H2020
aspects like research data access, sharing and security should also be
addressed in the DMP. This document has been produced following these
guidelines and aims to provide a policy for the project partners to follow.

##  Objectives

The generated and gathered research data need to preserved in-line with the EC
requirements. They play a crucial role in exploitation, verification of the
research results and should be effectively managed. This Data Management plan
(DMP) aims at providing a timely insight into facilities and expertise
necessary for data management both during and after the project is finished,
to be used by all _Residue2Heat_ .

The most important reasons for setting up this DMP are:

  * Embedding the _Residue2Heat_ project in the EU policy on data management. The rationale is that the Horizon 2020 grant consists of public money and therefore the data should be accessible to other researchers;. 

  

  * Enabling verification of the research results of the _Residue2Heat_ project; 

  

  * Stimulating the reuse of _Residue2Heat_ data by other researchers; 

  

  * Enabling the sustainable and secure storage of _Residue2Heat_ data in repositories; 

  

This second version of the Data Management plan is submitted to the EU in
December 2016. It is important to note however that the document will evolve
and further develop during the project’s life cycle. It can be identified by a
version number and a date. Updated versions will be uploaded by project
partner OWI, which is the primary responsible for data management.

#  Findable, accessible interoperable and reusable (FAIR) data

This document takes into account the latest “Guidelines on FAIR Data
Management in Horizon 2020”. The _Residue2Heat_ project partners should make
their research data **findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable** (
**FAIR** ) and ensure that is soundly managed. Good research data management
is not a goal in itself, but rather the key conduit leading to knowledge
discovery and innovation, and to subsequent data and knowledge integration and
reuse  1  .

##  Data Management Plan

Data Management Plans (DMPs) are a key element of good data management. A DMP
describes the data management life cycle for the data to be collected,
processed and/or generated by a Horizon 2020 project. As part of making
research data findable, accessible, interoperable and re-usable (FAIR), a DMP
should include information on  2  :

  * the handling of research data during and after the end of the project; 

  

  * what data will be collected, processed and/or generated; 

  

  * which methodology and standards will be applied;  whether data will be shared/made open access;  how data will be curated and preserved. 

  

#  Residue2Heat implementation of FAIR Data

##  Data Summary

It is a well-known phenomenon that the amount of data is increasing while the
use and re-use of data to derive new scientific findings is more or less
stable. This does not imply, that the data currently unused are useless - they
can be of great value in the future. The prerequisite for meaningful use, re-
use or recombination of data is that they are well documented according to
accepted and trusted standards. Those standards form a key pillar of science
because they enable the recognition of suitable data. To ensure this,
agreements on standards, quality level and sharing practices have to be
defined. Strategies have to be fixed to preserve and store the data over a
defined period of time in order to ensure their availability and re-usability
after the end of the _Residue2Heat_ project.

Data considered for open access would include items as fuel properties, energy
flows and balances, modelling calculations etc. For example, the consortium
expects that the following data will be obtained and made available:

  * Physico-chemical characterization of FPBO from different biomass resources (WP3); 

  

  * Data underpinning the mass- and energy balances for fast pyrolysis (WP6); 

  

  * Emission data and actual measurements obtained during combustion of FPBO (WP5); 

  

  * Data on combustion reaction mechanism modelling (WP4); 

  

  * Data on spray modelling (WP4); 

  

  * Background data on screening LCA calculations (WP6). 

  

The data will be documented in 4 types of datasets:

  1. **Core datasets** – datasets related to the main project activities. 

  

  2. **Produced datasets** – datasets resulting from _Residue2Heat_ applications, e.g. sensor data. 

  

  3. **Project related datasets** – datasets resulting from the documentation of the progress of the _Residue2Heat_ project. They are a collection of deliverables, dissemination material, training material and scientific publications. 

  

  4. **Software related datasets** – datasets resulting from the development of the combustion reaction mechanisms. These can be used for various purposes in the combustion area including research tasks or the development of new appliances. 

  

  

Generally, the datasets which be stored in file formats which have a high
chance of remaining usable in the far future (see Annex 1). Especially the
datasets which will be available for open access will be stored in these
selected file formats. In principle the OpenAIRE  3  platform is selected to
insure open access of the datasets, persistent identifiers, data discovery and
preservation of data for a long term. The open access data is useful for
different stakeholder groups from the scientific community, industry as well
as socioeconomic actors. For example:

  * **Industry and potential end** **users of the residential heating systems.** To implement FPBO residential heaters in society, the potential end‐users need to be aware of their options. The end users will have certain demands, such as cost and comfort levels, which the industry needs to accommodate. This will be addressed by the datasets generated in WP6 and WP7. 

  

  * **Social and Environmental impacts of the _Residue2Heat_ value chain to the population. ** The proposed value chain has the potential to influence the daily life of many EUresidents, not only in heating their home, but also in terms of environmental impact, social aspects such as job security and the economic development of rural communities. The positive (and if present negative) effects will be documented in WP6. 

  

  * **Social and Environmental impacts of the _Residue2Heat_ value chain to the Regulatory Framework. ** To allow commercial use of FPBO in residential heating systems, both the fuel as well as the heating systems need to comply with numerous regulations. Examples are CE certification of the heating system (EU), EN standard for FPBO, Emission limits for both FPBO production as well as the heating system (National) and local development plans need to accommodate construction and operation of the FPBO production plant (Regional). In WP6 the regulatory framework on the different levels will be documented. 

  

##  FAIR Data

###  Making data findable, including provisions for metadata

In order to support the discoverability of data the OpenAIRE platform has been
selected. This platform support multiple using unique identifiers (doi, arxiv,
isbn, issn, etc) which are persistent for a long time. Currently this platform
is being tested how it can support the Residue2Heat project in optimal form.
This needs additional documentation of best practices with respect to:

  * the discoverability of data (metadata provision); 

  

  * the identifiability of data and refer to standard identification mechanism. Do you make use of persistent and unique identifiers such as Digital Object Identifiers? 

  

  * the naming conventions used; 

  

  * the approach towards search keyword; 

  

  * the approach for clear versioning; 

  

  * specification of standards for metadata creation (if any). If there are no relevant standards available a documentation of what type of metadata will be created and how it is being created will be performed. 

  

###  Making data openly accessible

The consortium will store the research data in a format which is suited for
long-time preservation and accessibility. To prevent file format obsolescence,
some precautions have been taken. One such measure is to select file formats
which have a high chance of remaining usable in the far future (see Annex 1).

Furthermore, in a future update of this deliverable the following issues will
be addressed:

  * Specification of the data which will be made openly available? If some data is kept closed provide a rationale for doing so will be given; 

  

  * Specification where the data and associated metadata, documentation and code are deposited; 

  

  * Specification how access will be provided in case there are any restrictions. 

  

###  Making data interoperable

In order to support the interoperability of the Residue2Heat project data a
list of standard and metadata vocabularies need to be defined. Additionally it
will be checked whether the data types present in our data set allow inter-
disciplinary interoperability. If necessary mapping to more commonly
ontologies will become available. The present version of the Data Management
plan does not include the actual metadata about the data being produced in the
_Residue2Heat_ project. Access to this project’s related metadata will be
provided in an updated version of the DMP.

###  Increase data re-use

In order to support the data re-use the data will be a proper licence to
permit the widest re-use possible. Most likely the best licenses to publish
will be the Creative Commons license  4  . Other items which have to be
addressed are:

  * when data will become available for re-use. If applicable, it is mentioned whether a data embargo is necessary; 

  

  * the data produced and/or used in the project which is useable by third parties, in particular after the end of the project is listed. If the re-use of some data is restricted, it is explained why this is necessary; 

  

  * data quality assurance processes; 

  

  * the length of time for which the data will remain re-usable. 

  

##  Allocation of resources

Lead for this data management task will be with OWI, co-lead with RWTH, though
all partners are involved in the compliance of the DMP. The partners deliver
datasets and metadata produced or collected in Residue2Heat according to the
rules described in the Annex 1. The project coordinator and in particular the
Technical coordinator are central players in the implementation of the DMP and
will track the compliance of the rules as documented in this DMP. The
Residue2Heat project partners have covered the costs for data FAIR in their
budget estimations. The long term preservation of datasets has been secured
via our internal communication platform EMDESK for up to eight years after the
project is finished.

##  Data security

In this project various types of experimental and numerical data will be
generated. The raw data will be stored by each partner according to their own
standard procedures minimum for ten years after ending of the project. The
processed data will become available in the form of project reports and open
access publications. This data will be further exploited in webinars, articles
in professional journals, and by conference presentations. The OpenAIRE
platform  5  has been selected for secure long term storage and access of
these datasets. The research data used for communication, dissemination and
exploitation will be stored also on internal communication platform EMDESK (
_http://www.emdesk.com_ )  for up to 8 years after the project is finished.
This internal platform is only accessible for the project partners. Access to
research data which is not marked as confidential will be granted via a
repository.

###  Rights to access and re-use research data

Open access to research data refers to the right to access and re-use digital
research data under the terms and conditions set out in the Grant Agreement.
Openly accessible research data can typically be accessed, mined, exploited,
reproduced and disseminated free of charge for the user.

Building on the proposed Consortium Agreement of the _Residue2Heat_
partnership the present data management plan is setup. The Consortium
Agreement described general rules how data will be shared and/or made open,
and how it will be curated, preserved and the proper licenses to publish, e.g.
Creative Commons license. In an updated version of this DMP the right to
access and re-use of research data will be documented in detail.

##  Ethical aspects and Legal Compliance

The legal compliance related to copyright, intellectual property rights and
exploitation has been agreed on in the Consortium Agreement, which is also
applicable to access to research data. It is unlikely that the _Residue2Heat_
project will produce research which is sensitive to personal and ethical
concerns.

#  Conclusions

This Data Management Plan (DMP) is focussed on the support of use and re-use
of research data to validate or derive new scientific findings. The
prerequisite for meaningful use, re-use or recombination of data is that they
are well documented according to accepted and trusted standards. Those
standards form a key pillar of science because they enable the recognition of
suitable data. To ensure this, agreements on standards, accessibility and
sharing practices have been defined. Strategies have to be fixed to preserve
and store the data over a defined period of time in order to ensure their
availability and re-usability after the end of _Residue2Heat_ . Especially,
the metadata vocabularies and licences to permit the widest reuse possible
need to be addressed more in detail in a future update of this deliverable.