#  INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW

##  General overview of data collection activities in ECHOES

ECHOES is a mixed methods project where the key methodological strength comes
from combining qualitative and quantitative techniques with an
interdisciplinary approach from the perspectives of Social Sciences and
Humanities, including sociology, psychology, political science, and economics.
This allows us to study individual and collective energy choices and energy-
related behaviour across the EU 28 plus Norway and Turkey to identify and
close knowledge gaps on factors that are drivers or barriers for choices
enabling sustainable energy transitions. In turn, this will allow us to
formulate innovative policy advice with a toolbox for how to further the
European Energy Union, providing an insight of the interrelationships between
the identified factors and their interrelations with technological,
regulatory, and investment-related aspects to implement the SET-plan and meet
the challenges specified in the SET-plan integrated roadmap. The work in the
project is delivered in different work packages, which have their own
methodological approaches.

##  Purpose and scope of this document

This data management plan (DMP) first gives a comprehensive overview of all
data types collected in ECHOES, including a detailed mapping of data
collection activities to work packages and ECHOES partners (see Section 2).
Afterwards, each partner’s responsibilities with respect to data collections,
data handling and analysis, as well as data storage are identified (Section
3). In the final section, the document defines ECHOES standards for all data
collections (including research ethical standards), data storage and handling,
data documentation, data anonymization, access to data for exploitation and
future use, and data deletion. It needs to be noted, that a data management
plan is understood to be a dynamic document that will be adjusted and adapted
during the course of the project. It will be integrated into the ECHOES
project handbook (deliverable 1.2) which will be implemented in ECHOES as a
WIKI-based knowledge / procedures database constantly updated. In that
respect, the DMP describes the ECHOES data management at the point in time it
was delivered to the European Commission. The

document was written with reference to the Guidelines to FAIR data management
in Horizon 2020

(
_http://ec.europa.eu/research/participants/data/ref/h2020/grants_manual/hi/oa_pilot/h2020-hi-
oa-datamgt_en.pdf)_ _._

##  Future revisions of this document

A data management plan is a dynamic document, which will be constantly
updated. Since the DMP will become part of the dynamic project handbook
(deliverable D1.2), it will be integrated in its revision cycles. However, a
formal revision of the DMP will be provided on an annual basis, which means in
January 2018 and January 2019.

#  DATA COLLECTION

ECHOES is a mixed-methods project and its methodological strength comes from
combining qualitative and quantitative techniques with an interdisciplinary
approach. This allows us to study individual and collective energy choices and
energy-related behaviour across the EU 28 plus Norway and Turkey to identify
and close knowledge gaps on factors that are drivers or barriers for choices
enabling transitions to sustainable energy. ECHOES includes data collection
and handling activities in all WPs (excluding WP1) which strongly depend on
each other.This complexity demands a strict coordination between the different
tasks and WPs as they depend on each other and input from preceding tasks is
not only required within the same WP but also in other WPs.

Table 1 presents an overview of the various data collections that are part of
ECHOES (see the first column) and indicates which WP(s) participate in each
data collection or data handling. For example, the first data collection is
“Literature search” and WPs 2-6 contribute to this data collection.

####  _Table 1:_ _Data collection methods used in different WPs_  
  
<table>  
<tr>  
<th>

**Method/WP**

</th>  
<th>

**WP1**

</th>  
<th>

**WP2**

</th>  
<th>

**WP3**

</th>  
<th>

**WP4**

</th>  
<th>

**WP5**

</th>  
<th>

**WP6**

</th>  
<th>

**WP7**

</th>  
<th>

**WP8**

</th> </tr>  
<tr>  
<td>

Literature search

</td>  
<td>

</td>  
<td>

✓

</td>  
<td>

✓

</td>  
<td>

✓

</td>  
<td>

✓

</td>  
<td>

✓

</td>  
<td>

Synthesizes data

</td>  
<td>

</td> </tr>  
<tr>  
<td>

Document study

</td>  
<td>

</td>  
<td>

✓

</td>  
<td>

✓

</td>  
<td>

</td>  
<td>

✓

</td>  
<td>

✓

</td>  
<td>

</td> </tr>  
<tr>  
<td>

International survey

</td>  
<td>

</td>  
<td>

✓

</td>  
<td>

Coordinates

</td>  
<td>

✓

</td>  
<td>

✓

</td>  
<td>

✓

</td>  
<td>

</td> </tr>  
<tr>  
<td>

Local surveys

</td>  
<td>

</td>  
<td>

✓

</td>  
<td>

✓

</td>  
<td>

</td>  
<td>

✓

</td>  
<td>

</td> </tr>  
<tr>  
<td>

Quantitative experiments

</td>  
<td>

</td>  
<td>

</td>  
<td>

✓

</td>  
<td>

</td>  
<td>

</td>  
<td>

</td> </tr>  
<tr>  
<td>

Interviews

</td>  
<td>

</td>  
<td>

✓

</td>  
<td>

</td>  
<td>

✓

</td>  
<td>

✓

</td>  
<td>

</td> </tr>  
<tr>  
<td>

Case studies/site visits

</td>  
<td>

</td>  
<td>

</td>  
<td>

</td>  
<td>

✓

</td>  
<td>

✓

</td>  
<td>

</td> </tr>  
<tr>  
<td>

Netnography

</td>  
<td>

</td>  
<td>

</td>  
<td>

</td>  
<td>

</td>  
<td>

✓

</td>  
<td>

</td> </tr>  
<tr>  
<td>

Workshop

</td>  
<td>

</td>  
<td>

✓

</td>  
<td>

</td>  
<td>

✓

</td>  
<td>

✓

</td>  
<td>

✓

</td> </tr>  
<tr>  
<td>

Focus Groups

</td>  
<td>

</td>  
<td>

</td>  
<td>

</td>  
<td>

✓

</td>  
<td>

✓

</td>  
<td>

</td> </tr>  
<tr>  
<td>

Discussion events

</td>  
<td>

</td>  
<td>

</td>  
<td>

</td>  
<td>

</td>  
<td>

✓

</td>  
<td>

</td>  
<td>

</td> </tr> </table>

##  Data types

Table 2 presents key characteristics of each data collection in ECHOES. The
first column indicates the type of data collection, the second column
indicates where the data for each data collection type come from, the third
column indicates how the data are collected, the fourth column indicates
whether data from a given data collection type will be published in an open
access mode at the end of the project, the next column lists the tasks and/or
WPs that contribute to a given data collection type, and finally the last
column names all partners involved in a given data collection. Note that the
same data collection type may be used in several independent data collections
in different WPs.

#####  _Table 2:_ _Details of data collection_  
  
<table>  
<tr>  
<th>

**Type of data collection**

</th>  
<th>

**Source of data**

</th>  
<th>

**How are data collected**

</th>  
<th>

**Open access**

</th>  
<th>

**WP/task**

</th>  
<th>

**Partners (lead partners underlin ed)**

</th> </tr>  
<tr>  
<td>

Literature review data

</td>  
<td>

Published papers and reports

(qualitative data and quantitative input to

meta-analysis in

WP4)

</td>  
<td>

Papers are located through databases such as Web of Science and Scopus using
appropriate search words (e.g., “electric mobility”, “energy conservation”).

Relevant information, such as what factors influence the purchase of electric
vehicles, is retrieved from the identified papers.

</td>  
<td>

Y

</td>  
<td>

WP2, 3.1,

4.1, 5.1,

6.1, 7.1  1

</td>  
<td>

_VTT,_

_NTNU,_

_ROMA3,_

_JR, IUE,_

_EI_ , ULEI,

UACEG,

TECN

</td> </tr>  
<tr>  
<td>

Document study data

</td>  
<td>

Documents published by relevant stakeholders, such as policy-makers

and regulators,

NGOs and

professional organizations (qualitative data, quantitative data for

WP2 database)

</td>  
<td>

Documents published by relevant stakeholders are located in the

European Commission’s document database, and through search engines such as
Google and Google Scholar using appropriate search words (e.g., “electric
mobility”, “Energy Union”).

In addition, relevant policy papers are located through databases such as Web
of Science and Scopus. These policy papers can indicate additional potentially
useful sources of information that will be subsequently explored as well.

Relevant information, such as what policy measures were successful in
increasing the uptake of electric vehicles, is retrieved from the identified
documents.

</td>  
<td>

Y

</td>  
<td>

2.1, 2.2,

3.2, WP5,

WP6, 7.1

</td>  
<td>

_VTT,_

_NTNU,_

_JR, IUE,_

_EI_ ,

TECN, EUAS,

ENEL,

ENEF,

ROMA3

</td> </tr>  
<tr>  
<td>

International survey data

</td>  
<td>

Responses of

participants in the international survey (quantitative data)

</td>  
<td>

WP3 will coordinate the efforts related to the multi-national survey.
Empirical WPs 4-6 will provide questionnaire items to be used in the survey.
The survey will be subsequently implemented in EU-28 plus Norway and Turkey by
a professional company that specializes in conducting surveys. The survey will
cover at least 9000 households.

</td>  
<td>

Y

</td>  
<td>

WP2, 3.3, 4.3, 5.1,

5.2, WP6,

7.1

</td>  
<td>

_VTT,_

_NTNU,_

_EI, JR,_

_IUE_ ,

ROMA3,

TECN

</td> </tr> </table>  
<table>  
<tr>  
<th>

Local survey data

</th>  
<th>

Responses of

participants in the local survey (quantitative data)

</th>  
<th>

WP3 will coordinate the efforts related to the national surveys. The national
surveys will be implemented either as separate small-scale surveys, or as add-
ons to the general survey with questions relevant only for the local analyses.
Empirical WP 6 will provide questionnaire items to be used in the surveys.

</th>  
<th>

Y

</th>  
<th>

WP2,

WP3,

WP4, 6.1,

6.2, 7.1

</th>  
<th>

_VTT,_

_NTNU,_

_ROMA3,_

_IUE, EI_ ,

UACEG,

ULEI,

TECN

</th> </tr>  
<tr>  
<td>

Quantitative experiments

</td>  
<td>

Responses of experimental participants (quantitative data)

</td>  
<td>

WP4 develops the design of psychological experiments, which are subsequently
carried out in six countries (Bulgaria, Finland, Germany, Italy, Norway,
Spain, and Turkey). The experiments will partly be conducted online as local
additions to the international survey, partly offline in the laboratories of
the participating partners.

</td>  
<td>

Y

</td>  
<td>

3.3, 4.2,

7.1

</td>  
<td>

_NTNU,_

_ULEI, EI_ ,

ROMA3,

VTT, IUE,

JR

</td> </tr>  
<tr>  
<td>

Interview data

</td>  
<td>

Responses of interviewees

(qualitative data)

</td>  
<td>

Interviews with relevant stakeholders will be conducted as part of WPs 2 and
6. Interviewees will be selected according to availability in Turkey, Norway,
Italy, Finland, Germany, Austria, Bulgaria and/or Spain.

</td>  
<td>

Y

</td>  
<td>

2.1, 2.2,

WP3,

WP5, 6.2,

7.1

</td>  
<td>

_VTT,_

_NTNU,_

_JR, IUE,_

_EI_ , ULEI,

UACEG TECN,

ROMA3

</td> </tr>  
<tr>  
<td>

Case study

data / Site visit data

</td>  
<td>

Observational data from site visits, available structural framework data
(qualitative and quantitative data)

</td>  
<td>

Case studies will be conducted as part of WPs 5 and 6. Cases will be analysed
based on their structural framework and available data about their success
criteria and site visits. Cases will be selected according to availability in
Turkey, Norway, Italy, Finland, Germany, Austria, Bulgaria and/or Spain.

</td>  
<td>

Y

</td>  
<td>

WP3, 5.5,

5.6, 6.2,

6.4 , 7.1

</td>  
<td>

_NTNU,_

_ROMA3,_

_TECN,_

_IUE, EI_ ,

JR, ULEI,

UACEG,

VTT,

STMK

</td> </tr>  
<tr>  
<td>

Netnography

</td>  
<td>

Publicly accessible information on people’s behaviour on the internet
(qualitative and quantitative data)

</td>  
<td>

Ethnographic research of people’s publicly accessible behaviour on the
internet will be performed as part of WP6.

</td>  
<td>

Y

</td>  
<td>

WP3,

WP6, 7.1

</td>  
<td>

_NTNU,_

_IUE, EI_ ,

VTT, JR,

ROMA3

</td> </tr>  
<tr>  
<td>

Workshop

data

</td>  
<td>

Responses of workshop

participants (qualitative data)

</td>  
<td>

Data on views of relevant experts and stakeholders are collected during an
expert workshop, during two policy-makers workshops and during a workshop for
EU member states organized by TECN.

</td>  
<td>

Y

</td>  
<td>

2.4, WP3, WP5, 6.4,

7.1, 7.3,

7.4, 8.3

</td>  
<td>

_VTT,_

_NTNU,_

_JR, IUE,_

_EI,_

_TECN_ ,

UACEG,

ROMA3,

ULEI,

EUAS,

ENEF,

</td> </tr>  
<tr>  
<td>

</td>  
<td>

</td>  
<td>

</td>  
<td>

</td>  
<td>

</td>  
<td>

GAP,

STMK,

ENEL

</td> </tr>  
<tr>  
<td>

Focus group data

</td>  
<td>

Responses of participants in focus group discussions (qualitative data)

</td>  
<td>

WPs 5 and 6 prepare the protocol for focus group discussions, which are
subsequently carried out in six countries (Austria Bulgaria, Finland, Italy,
Norway, Spain, and Turkey).

</td>  
<td>

Y

</td>  
<td>

3.3, 5.2,

6.1, 6.2,

7.1

</td>  
<td>

_NTNU,_

_JR, IUE,_

_EI_ ,

UACEG,

ULEI,

VTT,

TECN,

ROMA3,

EUAS,

GAP,

STMK

</td> </tr>  
<tr>  
<td>

Discussion event data

</td>  
<td>

Responses of national stakeholders

(qualitative data)

</td>  
<td>

JR organizes a discussion event with national stakeholders where their views
and opinions will be discussed and recorded.

</td>  
<td>

Y

</td>  
<td>

5.4, 7.1

</td>  
<td>

_JR, EI_ ,

NTNU,

TECN,

UACEG,

IUE,

ROMA3,

GAP,

VTT

</td> </tr> </table>

#  PARTNER RESPONSIBILITIES

This section describes the data collections and data processing each WP is
responsible for. The international survey as the largest data collection in
ECHOES with the highest need for coordination is described in an extra chapter
3.8. For a complete overview of data collection responsibilities see
_**Appendix I** _ (constantly updated during the project).

##  WP2 (VTT)

VTT (WP2 lead beneficiary) is responsible for the formulation of SSH database
and SSH indicators. The SSH data will be collected on the national, regional
and the EU level. The formulation of the database will start from analysing
the existing national and EU level databases to evaluate the existing gaps in
the quantitative data and EU policies, regulations and directives. VTT will
first gather existing information on both quantitative and qualitative SSH
data, relevant databases, missing data, ideas and suggestions on important
literature via a web-based survey addressed to all consortium partners (task
2.1 and 2.2). VTT will also arrange an expert workshop, planned in July 2017
2  , to get feedback and ideas from policy-makers and other stakeholders of
the future data requirements (task 2.4).

VTT directly supports the formulation of which variables need to be measured
and the collection of relevant new data, both quantitative and qualitative,
based on the results from WP3-WP7. Those results will come from the
international survey (inputs from WP2 itself, WP3, WP4, WP5 and WP6), local
surveys (inputs from WP2 itself, WP3, WP4 and WP6), quantitative experiments
(inputs from WP3 and WP4), interviews (inputs from WP2 itself, WP3, WP5, WP6
and WP7), case studies (inputs from WP3, WP5 and WP6) and focus groups (inputs
from WP3, WP5 and WP6).

The empirical work of WP4, WP5 and WP6 will be coordinated by WP3 and then
transferred into the database created by WP2. VTT will then formulate
indicators that support modelling, analysing and comparison of transition to
sustainable energy systems (task 2.3). The final outcome will be a
comprehensive database that is a combination of SSH relevant quantitative and
qualitative data from existing databases and newly collected quantitative and
qualitative data. The database will be open source and offered under the
regulations of the pilot on open research data in H2020. This will therefore
ensure high usefulness.

##  WP3 (NTNU)

NTNU (WP3 lead beneficiary) is responsible for preparing the conceptual
ground, defining, shaping and harmonizing the empirical work of WP4, WP5, WP6
and coordinating the data collection across WP4, WP5, WP6 in order to transfer
the data into the database created in WP2. WP3 will closely coordinate with
WP7 to ensure a seamless transition between the pre-empirical, empirical and
post-empirical stages covered in WP7.

NTNU will start by synthesizing the state-of-art from the three ECHOES
perspectives (micro, meso and macro levels) on energy choices and energy
transitions through the identification of existing knowledge and knowledge
gaps to be closed to foster the Energy Union (task 3.1). This prepares and
supports the literature review in WP4, WP5 and WP6 and structures the final
synthesis conducted in WP7. WP3 will then develop a strategy document to
foster the implementation of existing knowledge and to allow targeted work on
filling identified knowledge gaps in WP3, WP4, WP5, WP6, WP7 (task 3.2).

On the empirical side, WP3 ensures that all research questions are addressed,
makes sure that existing knowledge is used, and together with WP4, WP5, WP6
determines which questions are most relevant for the data collection. WP3 will
coordinate ECHOES data collection and produce a complete documentation of data
collection activities (task 3.3). The data collection includes survey-based
experiments, psychological experiments, focus groups among households and
among social units and experts, case studies and netnography, and secondary
analysis of official documents, reports and research literature. WP3 is also
responsible for coordinating the conduction of the multinational survey (EU 28
+ Norway and Turkey), accommodating all items/questions that are best dealt
with in the form of questionnaires (for details see subsection 3.8).

##  WP4 (ROMA TRE)

ROMA3 (WP4 lead beneficiary) is responsible for gathering knowledge and data
on individual energy choices in a group context. WP4 builds on WP3 (literature
study, identification of research gaps and theoretical innovation) and will
complement results from quantitative and qualitative case studies. Firstly, a
meta-analysis will be conducted with the aim of shedding light on identity
processes and energy related behaviours. The meta-analysis will provide
conceptual and statistical guidelines for how to design subsequent surveys and
experiments across the ECHOES consortium (task 4.1). Empirically, survey and
experimental quantitative methods will be combined, and the obtained data will
be subjected to statistical analysis (task 4.2). WP4 also contributes a set of
items to the largescale multinational survey (task 4.3). All data will be
transferred to WP3.

##  WP5 (JR)

JR (WP5 leader beneficiary) is responsible for gathering knowledge and data on
collective behaviour driven by “energy cultures”. WP5 will first develop a
research typology on energy lifestyles, integrating the literature study
carried out in WP3 (task 5.1). Quantitative and qualitative assessments of
European lifestyles will be applied. The multinational survey will provide
extensive quantitative information and will give an assessment of typical
collective energy lifestyles. Qualitative research will be carried out through
focus groups that will allow deep insight in the self-definition and key
dimensions of selected energy lifestyle types (task 5.2).

WP5 will secondly focus on the development of an “energy memory” research
guide with the literature inputs from WP3 (task 5.3). Multinational studies
such as discussion events and national reports on “energy memory” will be
produced, complemented by the outputs of discussion events to be organized
with national stakeholders (task 5.4). WP5 will then closely cooperate with
WP6 in assessing the factors enabling collective energy consumer action
through multinational studies and small national assessment (task 5.5). A
qualitative assessment via case studies in selected partner countries will
identify collective energy practices (task 5.6). All the data gathered trough
quantitative and qualitative assessments will then be transferred to WP3.

##  WP6 (IUE)

IUE (WP6 leader beneficiary) is responsible for gathering knowledge and data
on formal social units as drivers behind collective decision-making. WP6 will
first identify the variables and dimensions that affect decision-making
processes for target stakeholders through a literature review based on
previous research. Based on the knowledge gathered trough the literature
review, a design of the empirical quantitative and qualitative research will
be developed (task 6.1).

Quantitative techniques will be implemented to quantify attitudes, opinions,
and other selected variable relevant to energy choices and energy related
behaviour within formal social units. Following that, a combination of several
qualitative different formats such as focus groups, in-depth interviews,
netnography, surveys (including the multinational survey) and case studies
will be implemented in selected countries (see table 2). These methods will be
applied to three types of social units: formal social units, collective
decision-making units and individual consumers engaging in joint contracts
(task 6.2).

The evaluation of the results obtained from the empirical assessment and
statistical analysis will then reveal the best practices and successful
implementation and will expose the lower level dynamics affecting energy
choices. A dissemination workshop will be organized among the EU member states
and associate countries in order to spread the evidence from good practices
and successful implementations (tasks 6.3 and 6.4). The final result is a
synthesis study that delivers suggestions and recommendations derived from the
analysis, and it will be used as a basis for the development of a decision
tree algorithm as an instrument to establish integrated governance and energy
conservation (task 6.5). All data will be transferred to WP3.

##  WP7 (EI)

In the ECHOES project, EI (WP7 leader beneficiary) is responsible for
providing a knowledge synthesis for the Energy Union and by doing that
involved on the analysis/synthesis of all data produced in ECHOES. WP7 brings
together the knowledge gathered in WP3 with the knowledge produced in WP4, WP5
and WP6 with the aim of identifying the driving factors of energy related
choices and behaviour that have importance and practical relevance (task 7.1).
The identification is followed by the ranking of the driving factors according
to their potential impact on energy related choices and behaviours and
according to their potential for being implemented as part of energy policy.
Through an in-depth analysis of all relevant policy documents gathered in
previous WPs, WP7 will gain a holistic consolidated knowledge (task 7.2).

WP7 will then consult stakeholders from all relevant areas (market, politics,
and environmental agencies) to scrutinize the scientific results obtained in
ECHOES. For this purpose, two policy-maker workshops are foreseen (task 7.3).
The creation of policy-ready recommendations represents the final outcome of
WP7 and it consists of suggesting how best to exploit the new knowledge in
light of policy-making. This is the result of a continuous interaction with
all stakeholder groups, including policy makers (task 7.4).

##  WP8 (TECN)

In the ECHOES project, TECN (WP8 leader beneficiary) is responsible for the
communication, dissemination and impact of the obtained project’s results. WP8
has developed the Data Management Plan for ECHOES – this document. All
information about the data collection standards, data coding, referencing and
processing and about the exploitation of the data during the project and
beyond is included in the Data Management Plan.

As its next task, WP8 will bundle the data packages for the dissemination and
exploitation. This will be done in close cooperation with the respective WP
leaders and the result will be the basis for the project final exploitation
strategy and corresponding business plan (task 8.2). WP8 will design a
strategy for the communication and dissemination of results, taking into
consideration different targets, dissemination channels and activities and
means of verification, in close cooperation with WP2. A joint workshop will be
organized by TECN during the SET Plan Conference/EERA Joint Programmed in
order to communicate and disseminate the results (task 8.3). The strategy for
the exploitation of the results represents the main outcome of WP8 and will
support the consortium’s joint efforts to maximize the project’s impact and
also the business plan for individual partners (task 8.4).

##  The international survey

The largest collection of primary data will come from a multinational survey
that will collect views, opinions and answers in simulated choice experiment
in the EU-28 plus Norway and Turkey. The survey will cover at least 9000
households that span 30 countries and 27 languages. WP3 will accommodate all
items/questions that are best dealt with in the form of questionnaires. WP3
then coordinates the conduction of the survey, regularly controls the progress
of the data collection, and finally distributes the relevant data to the
respective researchers/WPs.

WP4 will contribute with a question block to the survey with the objective of
extending, validating and generalizing the findings on the factors driving
energy related decision-making at the individual level. WP5 will, through the
multinational survey, collect data that will enable to identify the most
important energy lifestyles and to see if there are comparable patterns of
energy lifestyles across Europe. WP6 will use the multinational survey to
quantify attitudes, opinions and other selected variables relevant to energy
choices and energy related behaviour within formal social units.

The results of the ECHOES multinational survey on factors driving individual
and collective energy choices will be coordinated by WP3 and then transferred
to WP7. WP7 will exploit the data from the multinational survey for deriving
policy-ready recommendations. The data gathered from the ECHOES multinational
effort will also be available for future use as an open source in the SSH
database created in WP2.

The ECHOES multinational survey data collection will be carried out by an
experienced data collection company that will have the responsibility for
recruiting participants, translating the instructions/survey questions,
hosting the online survey on secure servers, and for collecting and cleaning
the data.

#  DATA MANAGEMENT

This chapter describes the procedures applied in ECHOES for the different
steps of data collection, management, storage, and publication in detail.

##  Formal ethics approval

The EU commission Ethics summary report (Ref. Ares (2016)2334779 - 19/05/2016)
identifies three ethics issues to be managed in ECHOES: 1) Involvement of
human participants, 2) data collection and processing and 3) involvement of
non-EU countries.

###  Involvement of human participants

There are three sub-points related to the involvement of human participants to
be managed:

  1. Details on the procedures and criteria that will be used to identify/recruit research participants must be provided. 

  

  2. Detailed information must be provided on the informed consent procedures that will be implemented for the participation of humans. 

  

  3. Templates of the informed consent forms and information sheet must be submitted on request. 

  

  

######  Details on the procedures and criteria that will be used to
identify/recruit research participants

Participants to the 30 country quantitative survey will be recruited from
already registered members of a web-panel that the data collection institution
operates. The participants will be sampled to be representative for each
country. Participants are 18 years or older and must be able to give informed
consent. They will be informed about the aim of the study, the collected data,
data handling, storage and anonymization procedures as well as publication of
the anonymized data and its inclusion in the open data pilot. By following the
link to participate they explicitly give their consent to participate
(templates for the consent/information sheet see point 3). Participants will
earn points in the point system of their panel operator as reward for their
participation.

Participants of the other empirical work (experiments, focus groups) will be
recruited locally from the general population 18 years and older or the
population of experts/stakeholders relevant for the topic of the data
collection. Only participants will be recruited that are able to give informed
consent and information sheets and consent forms according to the templates
under point 3 will be used. Participants will be recruited through mailing
lists, newspaper advertisement, snowball systems, posters, or the like. To
increase motivation participants will participate in a lottery of a smaller
gift card (e.g. 50 Euro) or receive other small incentives like for example
chocolate bars. Expenses that they have for participating will be reimbursed.

In the netnography, only publically available internet sources will be used.
Wherever individuals are identifiable in the raw data, their consent to use
the data for the analysis will be collected before the data is used. Usage of
internet data will be conducted after clearance by the relevant data
protection authorities. For observational data, the same standards will be
applied.

######  Informed consent procedures

Before participation in the online survey panel members will be invited to
participate in the survey by e-mail. In the e-mail the information from the
informed consent form is presented and a link to the survey is included. The
participants are instructed that by clicking the link they consent to
participate in the study as described in the information included in the mail.

For the other empirical studies, information is presented in written form when
participants are recruited. It will be repeated immediately before the data
collections are started and the consent form is signed by the participant
before they enter the experiments or focus group. Participants are also
informed that they can retreat their consent until the data is anonymized
without any disadvantages and without having to give a reason.

######  Informed consent forms and information sheet

The information sheets and consent forms will be based on the standard form
provided by the Norwegian Centre for Research Data (NSD) and will be in line
with national regulations. Future updates of the data management plan will
include a documentation of all consent forms/information sheets used in ECHOES
(see _**Appendix II** _ )

###  Data collection and Processing

There are three sub-points related to Data collection and Processing

  1. Copies of opinion or confirmation by the competent Institutional Data Protection Officer and/or authorization or notification by the National Data Protection Authority must be submitted (which ever applies according to the Data Protection Directive (EC Directive 95/46, currently under revision, and the national law)). 

  

  2. If the position of a Data Protection Officer is established, their opinion/confirmation that all data collection and processing will be carried according to EU and national legislation, should be submitted. 

  

  3. Detailed information must be provided on the procedures that will be implemented for data collection, storage, protection, retention and destruction and confirmation that they comply with national and EU legislation. 

  

  

######  Copies of opinion (sub-points 1 and 2)

All partners that collect and process data have confirmed they will do so
according to Data Protection Directive 95/46 and the national law. All
confirmations by the institutional or national data protection officers
regarding the conduction of data collections in ECHOES in accordance with EU
and national legislation will be collected in _**Appendix III** _ of the data
management plan as soon as they are received. They will be provided at the
earliest possible time point prior to starting the data collections.

**Information on the procedures for data collection, storage, protection,
retention and destruction.**

This document (D8.1), The project Plan (D1.1) as well as the Project Handbook
(D1.2) provides this information. All procedures are in accordance the
principles of the “Guidelines on Data Management in Horizon 2020”.

######  Further data collection and procession standards

Procedures in this section, on ECHOES data collection, storage, protection,
retention and destruction, are based on the “Guidelines on Data Management in
Horizon 2020”.

The data collection, storage, protection, retention and destruction will be
conducted according to National and EU legislation, as all partners dealing
with data have declared. ECHOES includes different forms of data collection (a
large quantitative survey based on a panel of a professional survey provider,
local surveys, psychological experiments, workshops, netnography, and
interviews), and the main principles for all types of data collections is to
anonymize the datasets at the earliest possible point in the process by
separating the identifying information from the rest of the data, to store all
raw data on encrypted and password secured servers cleared for storage of
medical research data and to delete directly or indirectly identifying
personal data as soon as the purpose of collecting and quality controlling the
data is served. The conducting party will ensure that data collection and
anonymization will comply to EU legislation and ECHOES project handbook. NTNU
has the responsibility to curate all raw-data.

In more detail, the main quantitative survey data will already be anonymized
when it is received from the survey company by ECHOES. ECHOES will only
collaborate with survey companies which can document the clearance by all
national and EU legislative bodies relevant for the study. The contract with
the survey company will specify the consent procedures (only panel members who
have given their consent will be recruited, it will be explicitly informed
that clicking the link to the online survey equals consent to participate,
this consent can be retracted at any point until the data is anonymized). The
data set will be anonymized by the survey company removing all directly or
indirectly identifying information before sending it to the ECHOES research
team. After a quality control by ECHOES the survey company will immediately
delete the coding tables coupling identifying information to the survey data.

All informants and subjects in interviews and the experiments will give a
written informed consent to their participation, either by receiving and
signing a _consent and information_ letter or email, ensuring they understand
what the consent is concerning and what the consequences of participation will
be. Identifying information will be stored separated from the study data.
After quality control of the data, the identifying information will be
deleted. Video and audio material from interview sessions will be deleted
after transcription and quality control.

All raw data will be stored and protected on ECHOES encrypted servers for
secure data storage that meets the Act relating to Personal Data Filing
Systems (Personregisterloven). Personal data directly linking person and data
will always be kept separate from the datasets. Identifying personal data will
be retained for a maximum of 1 year after collection completion to allow for
thorough quality control. All such data will thus be deleted by march 2018 the
latest.  
  
<table>  
<tr>  
<th>

**Procedures for data protection**

</th> </tr>  
<tr>  
<td>

  * Data will be anonymized at the earliest possible point in time 

  

  * Non-anonymised data will be stored under strictest precautions and under no circumstances made public 

  

  * Data produced in one WP will always be anonymised before it is shared with the other WPs 

  

  * Consent is sought before storing collected material in electronic form 

  

  * The personal data collected through interviews generate personal data, this data will be anonymized during transcription 

  

  * Any text produced based on research results will respect this principle of privacy and anonymity 

  

  * All secondary data sources shall contain already anonymized datasets, which will not allow identifying individuals directly or indirectly 

  

  * Activities carried out outside the EU will be executed in compliance with the legal obligations in the country where they are carried out 

  

  * The activities must also be allowed in at least one EU Member State 

  

  * All data transferred between project partners (within or outside the EU) will be restricted to anonymized data and transfer will only be made in encrypted form via secured channels 

  

</td> </tr> </table>

###  Involvement of non-EU countries

ECHOES non-EU partners (partners NTNU, IUE and EUAS) have confirmed that the
ethical standards and guidelines of Horizon2020 will be rigorously applied,
regardless of the country in which the research is carried out.

###  Local data collections

As shown in Table 2, ECHOS will produce 10 categories of data in addition to
the international survey (described separately in Section 4.1.5), involving
all scientific partners and WPS 2-8. The involved WPs are responsible for raw
data production and monitoring, and data preparation (including translation to
English and transcription if necessary). Each partner producing raw-data will
upload the raw-data (including audio/video files of interviews or focus
groups) to the protected servers at the _Services for sensitive data_ (TSD),
which are NTNUs solution for sensitive data including medical information (see
also Section 4.3.1). Each partner is responsible for the anonymization of the
data collected. WP3 is responsible for the overall curation of the collected
raw-data and the distribution of the anonymized data to the ECHOES partners.
WP2 is responsible for transfer and long-term storage of anonymized, while all
relevant WPs are responsible to utilize relevant data. See the constantly
updated **_Appendix I_ ** for details.

All informants and subjects in interviews and the experiments will give a
written informed consent to their participation, either by receive and sign a
_consent and information_ letter or email, ensuring they understand what the
consent is concerning and what the consequences of participation will be.
Identifying information will be stored separated from the study data. After
quality control of the data the identifying information will be deleted. Video
and audio material from interview sessions will be deleted after transcription
and quality control.

###  International survey

The ECHOES survey effort is coordinated and administrated in WP 3, while
scientific design of the questionnaires and the ancillary choice experiments
are defined in WPs 4-6. A professional service company is needed to a)
translate the questionnaire into all 26 official languages (EU + Norway and
Turkey), b) to program the questionnaire in an adequate online-survey tool, c)
recruit survey participants (according the selection criteria defined by the
consortium) and d) to send out the links to this questionnaire to
participants. Emphasis is put on hiring a company that specialize in the
above-mentioned tasks and that has a proven record of accomplishment of multi-
national efforts to ensure the highest quality data material. We will collect
several quotes for the ECHOES survey service, and choose the one offering the
best value for money ratio.

Companies in question must document their routines and procedures for data
management, sensitive information and personal data – and thus prove that all
data collection services and processing will be carried out according to EU
and national legislation. The chosen company will transfer anonymized data to
the ECHOES project server through a secure file transferring system.

The conduct of the ECHOES survey follows a stepwise process:  
  
<table>  
<tr>  
<th>

**Procedure for the international survey (all conducted by ECHOES partners)**

</th> </tr>  
<tr>  
<td>

  1. Collection of (preliminary) results of the psychological laboratory experiments and the focus group discussions, each of which is implemented in 6 countries 

  

  2. Derivation of key research questions that a) could not be conclusively answered by the experiments or group discussions, or b) for which high heterogeneity between the countries was identified requiring the collection of additional data from all 30 countries. 

  

  3. Identified questions are then implemented in the ECHOES questionnaire, a) as questions being equal for all respondents, or b) as design variables, i.e. ancillary information that varies by the respondents to identify the impact of these variables on her/his answers in the following questions or choice experiments. An example of such a design variable is the (varying!) description of a certain energy policy instrument, along with the question whether the respondent would vote in favour of or against that policy in an opinion poll. 

  

  4. Econometric/statistical analyses of the data are then carried out to identify the effectiveness of the design variables (e.g. policy variables) on behaviour. 

  

  

</td> </tr> </table>

##  Data collection procedures

In order to achieve quality assurance, quality control and consistency
throughout the project; specific data collection procedures will be added to
the DMP as they are developed by the involved partners ahead of the different
data collections. All procedures will be developed to meet general scientific
quality criteria for data collections  3  as indicated in the following table:  
  
<table>  
<tr>  
<th>

**Quality standards**

</th> </tr>  
<tr>  
<td>

**Accuracy**

Is the data collected correct and complete? Are the data entry procedures
reliable?

**Efficiency**

Are the resources used to collect data the most economical available to
achieve those objectives?

**Effectiveness**

Have the objectives been achieved?

Have the specific results planned been achieved?

**Feasibility and timeliness**

Can data be collected and analysed cost effectively? Can it provide current
information in a timely manner?

**Relevance**

What is the relevance of the data/information/evidence to primary
stakeholders?

Is data collection compatible with other efforts? Does it complement,
duplicate or compete?

**Security**

Is the confidentiality ensured?

**Utility**

Does data provide the right information to answer the questions posed?

</td> </tr> </table>

###  Literature review

The ECHOES literature review is the first data collection to be conducted. The
literature review includes all three perspectives and technology foci of
ECHOES, WPs 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 are involved, starting at different times and
with adjoining scopes. To ensure quality, consistency and to avoid unnecessary
overlap between partners and WPSs, WP3 has a specific focus on coordination.
All partners will use similar templates (see _**Appendix V** _ ), a local
literature review database on the ECHOES SharePoint will store all references
reviewed, and finally the following procedure shall be followed:  
  
<table>  
<tr>  
<th>

**Procedure for the literature review**

</th> </tr>  
<tr>  
<td>

  1. Keep a log that tracks all steps taken while performing the literature review 

  

  2. Choose a topic, define relevant research questions. 

  

  3. Define the scope of the review 

  

  4. Select the databases to be used for searches 

  

  5. Conduct searches; keep track of all search words and combination of search words 

  

  6. Review the literature and fill out the relevant templates according to your findings 

  

  7. Register the references reviewed on the literature review database 

  

  8. Store the data in their respective folders on SharePoint 

  

  

</td> </tr> </table>

###  Document study

The document study procedure will be developed ahead of the data collection
and documented in an updated DMP.

###  Local survey(s)

The local survey procedures will be developed ahead of the data collection and
documented in an updated DMP.

###  Quantitative experiments

Procedures for the quantitative experiments will be developed ahead of the
data collection and documented in an updated DMP.

###  Interview data

Interview data procedure will be developed ahead of the data collection and
documented in an updated DMP.

###  Case study/site visits

Case study procedure will be developed ahead of the data collection and
documented in an updated DMP.

###  Netnography

Netnography procedure will be developed ahead of the data collection and
documented in an updated DMP.

###  Workshop data

Workshop data collection procedure will be developed ahead of the data
collection and documented in an updated DMP.

###  Focus group data

Focus group data collection procedure will be developed ahead of the data
collection and documented in an updated DMP.

###  Discussion event data

Discussion event data collection procedure will be developed ahead of the data
collection and documented in an updated DMP.

##  Data documentation

All collected data shall include a metafile when stored on the ECHOES secure
storage solution and/or the ECHOES SharePoint server. The file will later be
made available for external users of the data. This metafile shall explain the
kind of data included, involved personnel, date and duration of the data
collection, variable names/labels, recruiting procedures, response rates,
whether or not it is anonymized, related WPs and tasks, and finally a summary.
_**Appendix IV** _ provides two templates for qualitative and quantitative
data sets that will be adapted during the course of ECHOES.

##  Data storage and curation

All non-anonymized data will be stored and protected on ECHOES encrypted
server space for secure data storage, described in 4.4.1. Anonymized data will
be stored in the ECHOES SharePoint solution described in 4.4.2 in encrypted
form (see 4.4.3). WP3 (NTNU) is responsible for the curation of all data
collected in ECHOES and its save storage. The storage solutions for non-
anonymized raw-data and anonymized data include daily backup routines to
prevent data loss. All data files will be assigned a persistent and unique
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) by the end of the project through services
such as Figshare, Zenodo or Dryad.

###  Non-anonymized raw-data

The non-anonymized raw-data will be stored on a secure server, hosted and
operated by the University of Oslo (UiO) and their _Services for sensitive
data_ (TSD)  (
_https://www.uio.no/english/services/it/research/storage/sensitivedata/_ )
that meets the Act relating to Personal Data Filing Systems
(Personregisterloven). This secure storage solution is NTNUs standard for
sensitive data. ECHOES will establish a server space as soon as first data is
produced. The server used will either be a windows 2012 server or the Linux
RedHat 6.0. Backup is performed by the nominal UiO backup system, using an
encryption key that only exists on that terminal-server and in two safes in
two separate locations.

Data import/export is provided by a "file-sluice" that carries data between a
storage area inside of the solution to/from outside of the solution. All users
can import data to the server, and work with the data on the server using
tools such as R, PSPP, SPSS, STATA, MATLAB, SAS etc. Data can only be exported
by the coordinator and administrators.

Access to the server is provided first through an encrypted SSH tunnel to one
of the login machines. Then either RPD (windows) or Spice (Linux) to access
the ECHOES project. TSD use a two-factor login, users will be given a one-time
password by smartphone/Yubikey. When establishing a user account in the
system, the users have to be identity checked, for example by logging inn
through the Norwegian Bank ID or MinID system (for the administering users
located in Norway) or similar systems in other countries. User guides are
available at the TSD homepage  4  .

The folder structure on the server will be based on the ECHOES WP structure,
and separate folders for each kind of data for all relevant WPs. Datasets that
belong to multiple WPs will be stored in sub-folders of WP3.

###  Anonymized data

All data collection and processing that will be done during ECHOES will be
carried out according to national legislation and the EU Directive 95/46/EC /
General Data Protection Regulation (Regulation (EU) 2016/679). The consortium
and the partners are responsible for following the ethical procedures in their
respective countries (see Section 4.1).

Anonymized data will be stored at the ECHOES SharePoint solution in encrypted
and password-protected form (see Section 4.4.3). ECHOES partners have access
to this solution through personal logins provided by NTNU. The overall folder
structure is based on the ECHOES WP structure; each WP folder includes a data
sub-folder and these will include folders for the specific kinds of data
produced.

###  Encryption standards and procedures

All data files will be transferred via secure connections and in state-of-the-
art encrypted and password-protected form (for example with the open source
7-zip tool providing full AES-256 encryption:  _http://www.7-zip.org/_ )  .
Passwords will not be exchanged via e-mail but in personal communication
between the partners. The encryption solutions will be chosen in accordance
with the ECHOES partners’ IT supports.

###  File name standards

To ensure that data files as well as any other file in ECHOES has a clear name
identifying the content, the following file name standards are used. All
documents shall be numbered by their type of document, and the assigned
subsequent numbering within each WP (first deliverable of WP1: **D1.1,** first
deliverable of WP 2: **D2.1** )

**XXX** : Identifies which main category the document belongs to. In order to
always easily identify the files, the project name **ECHOES-** shall be
included as a prefix to all document categories.

**YYY** : Will always be a number assigned subsequently for each new doc in
the XXX category and WP. **ZZZ** : Issue number  
  
<table>  
<tr>  
<th>

**XXX**

</th>  
<th>

**XXX explanation**

</th>  
<th>

**YYY**

</th>  
<th>

**ZZZ**

</th> </tr>  
<tr>  
<td>

D

</td>  
<td>

Deliverable

</td>  
<td>

1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.2 etc.

</td>  
<td>

1,2,3,etc.

</td> </tr>  
<tr>  
<td>

MAN

</td>  
<td>

Management

</td>  
<td>

1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.2 etc.

</td>  
<td>

1,2,3,etc

</td> </tr>  
<tr>  
<td>

DAT

</td>  
<td>

Data files

</td>  
<td>

1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.2 etc.

</td>  
<td>

1,2,3,etc

</td> </tr>  
<tr>  
<td>

DOC

</td>  
<td>

Data documentation file

</td>  
<td>

1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.2 etc.

</td>  
<td>

1,2,3,etc

</td> </tr>  
<tr>  
<td>

NOT

</td>  
<td>

Notes

</td>  
<td>

1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.2 etc.

</td>  
<td>

1,2,3,etc

</td> </tr>  
<tr>  
<td>

MOM

</td>  
<td>

Minutes of meeting

</td>  
<td>

1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.2 etc.

</td>  
<td>

1,2,3,etc

</td> </tr>  
<tr>  
<td>

PRE

</td>  
<td>

Presentations

</td>  
<td>

1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.2 etc.

</td>  
<td>

1,2,3,etc

</td> </tr>  
<tr>  
<td>

PAP

</td>  
<td>

Journal paper manuscript

</td>  
<td>

1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.2 etc.

</td>  
<td>

1,2,3,etc

</td> </tr> </table>

The file-name shall always consist of: document number, document title and
issue (in this order). Underscore shall be used between document number, issue
number and document title. There shall be no open spaces in the document
title. Logical short versions of words can be used in the document title part
of the filename in order to shorten the filename. If the document is a draft
version, this is indicated by “DR” after Issue# and underscore.

Example (this document, first issue): **ECHOES-D8.1_DMP_1**

##  ECHOES Data base

An open access database will be created to gather both quantitative and
qualitative SSH data. The data will be compiled from public and non-commercial
databases. In addition, database will compile and store data based on the
results from WP3-WP7 of this project and WP2’s own data and information
collection via a web-based survey(s), workshops, and interviews. The
researchers have a duty of transparency to fully inform how the data will be
used and to what purpose the data is for. Thus, the ethically compliant data
collection will be guided by proportionality (proportional of WP2 research
aims) and follow the legal safeguards to minimize any risks related to
unauthorized release of personal and private information. The empirical work
of WP4, WP5 and WP6 will be coordinated by WP3 and then transferred into the
database created by WP2. The data handling procedures defined in this document
apply to the operation of the ECHOES database.

##  Deletion of data

Identifying personal data will be retained for a maximum of 1 year after
collection completion to allow for thorough quality control. All such data
will thus be deleted by march 2018 the latest. Anonymized data will not be
deleted but stored and made available for future use through the open data
pilot.

##  Dissemination and exploitation of the data

Although the dissemination and exploitation strategy of the project is yet
under development and will be published through deliverables D8.2 and D8.3,
different type of data or data packages are likely to be used for
dissemination and exploitation purposes:

  * _Database (see Section 4.5)_ : the data base is expected to be one of the main exploitable results of the ECHOES project. The database will be open source and offered under the regulations of the pilot on open research data in H2020. This open access character’s compatibility with ECHOES’ exploitation strategy will be analysed during the project (WP8) and restrictions to open access use will be kept at a minimum and only implemented if strong exploitation benefits stand against. In any case, the procedures for data management set in this document, particularly regarding WP2, will be followed and respected. 

  

  * _International survey_ : in addition to the use of data from the international survey (WP3) for deriving policy recommendations in WP7, data on user preferences and energy use strategies might be of interest for utilities and other commercial agents in the energy fields. In this regard, the exploitation pathways will be analysed throughout the project, especially though the bundling of anonymized data packages. The procedures for data management set in this document, particularly regarding WP3, will be followed and respected. 

  

  * _ECHOES contact database_ : For project dissemination purposes an ECHOES contact database is being created in WP8. All the partners contribute to this database by providing information of persons and organisations to be informed or contacted during the project. Once collected, this data will be stored on a secure server, hosted and operated by the University of Oslo (UiO) and their Services for sensitive data (TSD) (  https://www.uio.no/english/services/it/research/storage/sensitive-data/)  that meets the Act relating to Personal Data Filing Systems (Personregisterloven). 

  

##  Open data pilot

ECHOES provides access to all primary data collected and secondary data
aggregations where publication of the data does not collide with copyrights of
the initial data providers. This is in line with the H2020 open data pilot
openaire (see  _https://www.openaire.eu/opendatapilot_ )  . Data will be made
available as soon as ECHOES primary research and publication interests are
fulfilled. No embargo period is implemented once the ECHOES publications are
finished and no restrictions are foreseen to be put on the re-use of the data
at this point. WP2 with the ECHOES database is responsible for providing open
access to the data.

###  General principles

All data in ECHOES shall be open access if no other important principles stand
against it. In this respect, the Consortium Agreement and the Grant Agreement
are binding, especially Section 9 (“Access rights”) and Section 10 (“Non
disclosure of information”) of the Consortium Agreement are relevant for
determining potential need for access restriction to ECHOES data.

###  Size of the data

The size of the data files is not determined at this point of the ECHOES
project yet. The international survey is expected to have at least 9000
participants, the focus group interviews will typically have between 6 and 12
participants. This section will be updated as soon as more information is
available.

###  Target group for the data use

The data provided in ECHOES will be of interest for policy makers, businesses
in the energy sector, stakeholder groups and other researchers. They will be
documented and presented in a way that makes them accessible for non-
scientists.

###  Access procedures

The data made available through the open data pilot will be fully accessible
without any restrictions (if not exploitation benefits require an embargo
period, see Section 4.7). To keep track of the use of the data and its
outreach, ECHOES will implement a registration procedure in the WP2 database
(see Section 4.5) where an interested external user has to register in the
system with name, affiliation and the reason for the wish to access the data.
Access will be granted for all interested users, but with a registration, it
will be possible to roughly track what the data is used for. The validity of
the provided e-mail addresses is checked by sending a confirmation link before
opening the database.

###  Documentation procedures

All data files provided by ECHOES include a documentation of the content of
the data file and the context the data was collected in (see Section 4.2.2).
This is important to ensure usefulness of the data for researchers and
analysist not included in the data collection. The documentation procedures
will be constantly updated during the ECHOES project.

###  Securing interoperability

For social science data it is essential to document the use and source of
theoretical concepts leading to data collections to ensure interoperability
across different user groups. ECHOES will create a glossary defining key terms
and concepts used in the project. This glossary will be part of the data
documentation. Furthermore, sources for theoretical concepts and variables
measures will be documented to ensure comparability with previous and future
use. For quantitative data, the psychometric performance of the variables will
be documented. The use of theoretical concepts will be standardized within
ECHOES and with previous use of the variables and concepts wherever possible
(there will be a number of newly developed concepts in ECHOES, which cannot be
aligned with previous work).

###  Search keywords and data identification

Each data set will be assigned a unique and persistent Digital Object
Identifier (DOI) to make it identifiable when stored in the ECHOES database or
a data repository. Each fill will be tagged with keywords for search purposes:
ECHOES is always a keyword, furthermore, keywords describing the type of the
data (e.g., “interview”, “survey”), the participants (“representative sample
EU”), the type of topics included (e.g., “energy culture”, “identity”).

###  File types

Each data file in ECHOES will be made available with an accompanying
documentation of its content (see Section 4.2.2). Qualitative data such as
interview transcripts will be made available in form of text documents (in
PDF, TXT, RTF and DOC format) in their original language and translation to
English. Quantitative data will be made available in standard data formats for
popular statistical program packages to make reuse as easy as possible (ASCII,
R, STATA, SPSS).

###  Curation of the data after the end of ECHOES

All data in ECHOES will be made available through the ECHOES database for at
least 5 years after the end of ECHOES, which means until the End of October
2024. During this period, NTNU is responsible for curating the data and for
hosting costs. After that time, the data files will be transferred into a data
repository that is the state of the art at that time.

#  APPENDIX I: DETAILED DATA COLLECTION RESPONSIBILITIES

The following table presents a complete summary of all data collections in
ECHOES with the responsibilities indicated. The table will be constantly
updated during the project as soon as data collections are started.

#  APPENDIX II: CONSENT FORMS

This appendix collects all consent forms and information sheets used in
ECHOES. The first included document is the template for ECHOES information
sheets based on the general template provided by the Norwegian Centre for
Research Data (NSD).

(1) Consent form template from NSD.

####  Request for participation in research project

_**[This template serves as an example of an information letter.** _

_**Clear text and insert your own.** _

_**NB - all information should be concise and easy to understand]** _

#####  "[Insert _project title_ ]"

**Background and Purpose**

[ **Describe** the purpose of the project and briefly sketch the main research
topics. Indicate whether the project is a master’s or Ph.D. project at the
institution, whether it is implemented as commissioned research, in
cooperation with other institutions, etc.]  
  
<table>  
<tr>  
<th>

[ **Describe** how the sample has been selected and/or why the person has been
requested to

</th> </tr>  
<tr>  
<td>

participate.]

</td>  
<td>

</td> </tr> </table>

**What does participation in the project imply?**

[ **Describe** the main features of the project: data collection that requires
active participation (surveys, interviews, observation, tests, etc.,
preferably describing approximate duration), and any collection of data about
the participant from other sources (registers, records, student files, other
informants, etc.). **Describe** the types of data to be collected (e.g.
"questions will concern..."), and the manner(s) in which data will be
collected (notes, audio/video recordings, etc.).

If parents are to give consent on behalf of their children, inform that they
can request to see the questionnaire/interview guide etc. If multiple sample
groups are to be included in the project, it must be explicitly indicated what
participation entails for each group, alternatively, a separate information
letter must be made for each group.]

**What will happen to the information about you?**

All personal data will be treated confidentially. [ **Describe** who will have
access to personal data (e.g. only the project group, student and supervisor,
data processor, etc.), and how personal data/recordings will be stored to
ensure confidentiality (e.g. if a list of names is stored separately from
other data ).]

[ **Describe** whether participants will be recognizable in the publication or
not.]

The project is scheduled for completion by [ **insert** date]. [ **Describe**
what will happen to personal data and any recordings at that point. If the
data will not be made anonymous by project completion: state the purpose of
further storage/use, where data will be stored, who  
  
<table>  
<tr>  
<th>

will have access, as well as the final date for anonymization (or information
about personal

</th> </tr>  
<tr>  
<td>

data being stored indefinitely).]

</td>  
<td>

</td> </tr> </table>

**Voluntary participation**

It is voluntary to participate in the project, and you can at any time choose
to withdraw your consent without stating any reason. If you decide to
withdraw, all your personal data will be made anonymous. [For patients and
others in dependent relationships, it must be stated that it will not affect
their relationships with clinicians or others, if they do not want to
participate in the project, or if they at a later point decide to withdraw.]

If you would like to participate or if you have any questions concerning the
project, please contact [ **Insert** name and telephone number of the project
leader. In student projects contact information of the supervisor should also
be inserted].

The study has been notified to the Data Protection Official for Research, NSD
- Norwegian Centre for Research Data.

####  Consent for participation in the study  
  
<table>  
<tr>  
<th>

**[Consent may be attained in writing or verbally. If consent is obtained in
writing from**

</th> </tr>  
<tr>  
<td>

**the participant, you can use the formulation below. If parents/guardians are
to give**

</td>  
<td>

</td> </tr>  
<tr>  
<td>

**consent on behalf of their children or others with reduced capacity to give
consent, the**

</td> </tr>  
<tr>  
<td>

**consent form must be adapted, and the participant’s name should be
stated.]**

</td>  
<td>

</td> </tr> </table>

I have received information about the project and am willing to participate

\-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(Signed by participant, date)

**[Checkboxes can be used (in addition to signature) if the project is
designed in such a way that the participant can choose to give consent to some
parts of the project without participating in all parts (e.g. questionnaire,
but not interview), or if information is to be obtained from other sources,
especially when the duty of confidentiality must be set aside in order for the
information about the participant to be disclosed._Examples: - I agree to
participate in the interview / - I agree that information about me may be
obtained from teacher/doctor/register - I agree that my personal information
may be published/saved after project completion]_ **

#  APPENDIX III: CONFIRMATIONS BY DATA PROTECTION OFFICERS

All confirmations regarding the conduction of data collection in accordance
with national and international law, especially EC Directive 95/46 and the
General Data Protection Regulation (Regulation (EU) 2016/679) will be
collected in this appendix as soon as they are available.

#  APPENDIX IV: DATA DOCUMENTATION TEMPLATES

The following two templates shall be used to document the necessary background
of the data files for internal and external use in ECHOES.

  1. Data documentation template for qualitative data in ECHOES 

  

  2. Data documentation template for quantitative data in ECHOES 

  

  

_Data documentation template for qualitative data in ECHOES_

Name of the data set: ___________ Date the data set was finalized:
_________________

Date/time period the data was collected: ____________ to ____________ .

Responsible partner for the collection of the data:

_________________________________ (name)
____________________________(institution)

Data produced in WP: ____________ Task: ____________

Data anonymized on (date): _______________ by __________________________

_Information about the participants:_

Number: __________ Age: _________________ Sex: ___________________

Participants’ background: ____________________________________________________

Recruitment procedure: _____________________________________________________

Original language of the material:
_____________________________________________

Data collected by (interviewer):
_______________________________________________

Transcribed by: ___________________________________________________________

Transcription rules: ________________________________________________________

Translated to English by: ___________________________________________________

Ethically cleared by: _____________________________________ on (date):
_______________

Interview guidelines (or the like):
_______________________________________________________

Size of the data (e.g. number of words):
_________________________________________________

Short summary: ______________________________________________ _Data
documentation template for quantitative data in ECHOES_

Name of the data set: ___________ Date the data set was finalized:
_________________

Date/time period the data was collected: ____________ to ____________ .

Responsible partner for the collection of the data:

_________________________________ (name)
____________________________(institution)

Data produced in WP: ____________ Task: ____________

Data anonymized on (date): _______________ by __________________________

_Information about the participants:_

Number: __________ Age: _________________ Sex: ___________________

Participants’ representative for which population:
__________________________________________

Recruitment procedure: _____________________________________________________

Response rate: ___________________________________________________________

Original language of the material:
_____________________________________________

Translated to English by: ___________________________________________________

Ethically cleared by: _____________________________________ on (date):
_______________

Variables in the dataset:  
  
<table>  
<tr>  
<th>

**Variable name**

</th>  
<th>

**Variable type**

</th>  
<th>

**Variable label**

</th>  
<th>

**Answering format / value labels**

</th>  
<th>

**Comments**

</th> </tr>  
<tr>  
<td>

</td>  
<td>

</td>  
<td>

</td>  
<td>

</td>  
<td>

</td> </tr>  
<tr>  
<td>

</td>  
<td>

</td>  
<td>

</td>  
<td>

</td>  
<td>

</td> </tr> </table>

_Variable types:_

  * T = text 

  

  * D = date / time 

  

  * B = binary / dichotomous 

  

  * C = categorical 

  

  * O = ordered categorical / ordinal 

  

  * I = interval / ratio / Likert scales with 5 or more categories 

  

Short summary: ______________________________________________

#  APPENDIX V: LITERATURE REVIEW TEMPLATE

The following template is used in the ECHOES literature review.

Paper #

Title

Details (Authors,

Journal etc.)

Keywords

Main

Technology Foci

and sub

\-

foci

The Type of

Assestment

(

regional,

national etc.)

Type of Formal Social Unit

formal social units,

(

collective decision

\-

maki

ng

bodies etc.)

Definitions

)

Terms etc.

(

Objective(s)

Methodology

Main Indicators,

Dimensions or

Variables used

or identified

Results

1

2

…