This discogram shows a normal disc L4-L5 and degenerated disc L5-S1. Both discs have been injected (by needles inserted from the right) with a contrasting dye pressurized as if the patient were standing. The L4-L5 disc shows clear boundaries, whereas the L5-S1 disc shows cracking and a more spread-out distribution of the dye. Source: family medical records and family history