Sketch map of Canton (Guangzhou) drawn during the Second China War (2nd Opium War). The area where the foreign factories were grouped is visible on the left. The factories were destroyed during the war and the British and French victors decided for safety reason to rebuild them on an artificial island that was digged up nearby off the shore of the area known as Shameen (Shamian). The British and French concessions on Shameen Island were to last until WWII.