An early 300 MeV electron synchrotron at University of Michigan, 1949. Built by H. Richard (Dick) Crane, this was the first synchrotron to use the "racetrack" design; it had 4 straight sections alternating with 4 quadrant electromagnets. It had a large 500 keV Cockcroft-Walton generator "(visible at left rear)" as injection accelerator, the vertical injection beam tube is visible at right in front of figure. The 1 meter diameter of the quadrant magnet bends gave it a theoretical maximum energy of 300 MeV and it was briefly operated at that energy, although for most of its life it operated at a lower energy of 40 MeV. Information from Innovation Was Not Enough: A History of the Midwestern Universities Research Association (Mura), World Scientific Co., 2009, ISBN 981283284X.