A pit toilet built in brick and a shower cubicle built in straw is a typical feature in peri urban Chipata A Pit toilet in periurban areas low income areas of Chipata. The pit toilets are unhygienic, smelly, surrounded by flies and infested with worms which pose health risks. Also as the ground water table is also high in these areas it causes ground water pollution. picture by Rahul Ingle oct 2010