Illustrates why (the failed) antibiotic), valinomycin increases a thousand-fold the permeability of K+ through pure phospholipid membranes, have no influence at all on the K+ permeability of frog ovarian eggs, frog muscle, human lymphocytes, inner membrane of rat liver mitochondria (Figure 10) 41. Valinomycin has no detectable impact on the their K+ permeability because the dominant continuous phase of the cell membrane of these cells are polarized-oriented water molecules, not phospholipid bilayers.