Cropped section of a picture showing Abd el-Krim and Spanish military and civilian officials during a ceremony at the Academia Oficial de Árabe of Melilla in October 1919. Abd el-Krim is referred to by a local newspaper reporting on the event as Kadi (judge) Sidi Mohamed Abd el Krim, member of the Oficina Central Indígena (Bureau of Native Affairs). Within a year, Abd el-Krim will be in open rebellion against the Spaniards and proclaim the Republic of the Rif.