75px "Portrait of Philipp Melanchthon". Oil and tempera on oak, diameter 9 cm, Lower Saxony State Museum, Hanover. Philipp Melanchthon (1497–1560) was a theologian and one of the leaders of the German Reformation. It is unlikely Holbein ever met him; and he may have based this portrait on pictures by Cranach or Dürer (Buck, p. 71). Holbein also painted a decorative lid for this small painting.