This hand-colored manuscript map shows the topography of the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso, along with parts of Grão Pará, the Negro River, Goiás, and São Paulo. It also shows the Assumpção province of Paraguay and the western provinces of the Moxós and Chiquitos Indians. The latter regions, important areas in the Guarani War of 1756, were at the center of the disputes over territory between the crowns of Spain and Portugal. Important notes on the right side of the map provide information about two treaties between the two kingdoms: the Treaty of Madrid (1750) and the First Treaty of Santo Ildefonso (1777), both of which defined the extent of Spain's and Portugal's respective holdings in South America. Borders; Brazil -- Borders -- Bolivia; Brazil, Midwest; Indians of South America