Drawing by William Alexander, draughtsman of the Macartney Embassy to China in 1793. A small Chinese temple, commonly called a Joss house, located near the road in front of of the mandarin's residence; a traveler rests nearby. On the hill, there is a military station and a pagoda. Alexander noted that such temples were very commonly seen on the transportation routes such as roads and canals and were erected to extend religious feelings among the Chinese people. They were built either at the public expense, or constructed by charitable wealthy persons. Image taken from "The Costume of China, illustrated in forty-eight coloured engravings", published in London in 1805.