Arshak Ter-Gukasov (Armenian: Արշակ Տեր-Ղուկասով; 1819–8 January 1881) was a Russian Lieutenant-General of the Russian Empire. Born to an Armenian family in Tiflis (today Tbilisi), he started his military career in 1850 and was subsequently involved in the war in the Caucasus. After being promoted to the rank of lieutenant general, and serving various governmental posts, he was then assigned as the Yerevan Forces commander of Russia's army during the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878.