Palmyra in 271 A.D. imposed over modern borders. At its height, Palmyra annexed the Roman provinces in the east : Egypt, Syria, Phoenice,Syria Palaestina, Arabia, Mesopotamia and the Anatolian regions up to Ankara and including Galatia.Warwick Ball, Rome in the East: The Transformation of an Empire Alaric Watson, Aurelian and the Third Century Spencer C. Tucker, 500 Great Military Leaders