Atheros QCA9565 / AR9565 unstable connection, slow wireless Ubuntu 16.04 So, I have installed a few versions of Ubuntu, 14.04, 15.10, 16.04.After that I've installed Linux Mint 18.1 just to come back at Ubuntu 16.04(with every try dual-boot Windows 10).

The reason why I've been through all these versions is because I've had unstable and very slow wireless connection(about 15x slower in comparison with Windows 10) no matter the version. I've tried what seemed to be working for other users, even if my problem wasn't exactly the same. I even tried upgrading to kernel 4.10 but the problem is still there.

Something interesting is, while I have Ubuntu/Linux Mint installed, when I switch to Windows 10 I have the same issue as mentioned. If I remove Ubuntu/Linux Mint the problem goes away and everything is back to normal.

Here's my wireless-script result: http://pastebin.com/YCGr8Xc1

I may add the fact that Windows 10 and Ubuntu are installed on separate partitions.

Thanks in advance!

It could be the same problem as I just had myself, so it's worth a try. My problem was a slow and unstable network connection, and occasionally it would disconnect.

To clarify, this is my network adapter, which seems to be exactly the same as the OP's:

$ lspci -nnk | grep -iA 2 '^[^[:space:]].*net'
01:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Qualcomm Atheros QCA9565 / AR9565
Wireless Network Adapter [168c:0036] (rev 01)
    Subsystem: Lenovo QCA9565 / AR9565 Wireless Network Adapter [17aa:4026]
    Kernel driver in use: ath9k

The solution to my problem was to create a config file for the wireless driver:

sudo nano /etc/modprobe.d/ath9k.conf

add the following line:

options ath9k nohwcrypt=1

Make sure it's 100% identical and press Ctrl-X to exit, then Y to save. You can activate this option by rebooting, or if you're impatient you can load the module immediately:

sudo modprobe -r ath9k
sudo modprobe ath9k nohwcrypt=1

It's also possible to use these last two commands alone to test if this will solve the problem without modifying your system. The first one removes the module (unloads the driver), the second one inserts (loads) it again with the additional option.

My sources:
How to resolve wireless disconnect problem in Atheros ath9k
/
How do I create a system file /etc/modprobe.d/ath9k.conf?

You'll find the answer here on Ubuntu Forums

Blacklist the acer-wmi module:

echo "blacklist acer-wmi" | sudo tee -a /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-acer-wmi.conf

It seems to have worked for me. As far as I am concerned, this problem has been around since 14.10. I hope it will eventually get fixed by the package maintainers.


Ubuntu 19.10 Network Manager not working with 5GHz i have Realtek 8821ce adapter, that's support 5GHz, however after installing drivers i can only connect to 2.4G WiFi, i tested it both using my dual band router and sharing mobile phone wifi - the same result.

I can see the network and trying to connect, but unsuccessfully, it keeps asking to reenter password.

I've seen some suggestions to change channel from auto to some fixed, but in my case it doesn't work

UPDATE:
seems that the problem is somehow related to builtin network manager, i tried WICD network manager and was able to connect to my 5GHz network

You can update your system with unsupported packages from this untrusted PPA by adding ppa:vicamo/ppa-1861278 to your system's Software Sources.
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:vicamo/ppa-1861278

sudo apt-get update


Ubuntu tweak and Mozilla (firefox and thunderbird) cache I usually use Ubuntu tweak to do cleanup jobs on my PC. This includes apt and program cached data and old kernels. This goes alright for most programs except Mozilla based application - Firefox and Thunderbird.

Ubuntu tweak doesn't seem to know where their cache folders are and always returns 'zero packages can be cleaned' even when the cache folder is full. Check screenshot below:

I am looking for a way to clean up ALL my cache data and unneeded packages at one point.

If someone knows how to change the ubuntu tweak cache folders for Firefox and Thunderbird, that would be perfect.

I tried bleachbit last but it crashed my PC to a point I had to re-install Ubuntu.
I am using Ubuntu tweak 0.8.6.

EDIT
Same issue with the screenshot of this question: Why isn't Ubuntu Tweak's Janitor working?

EDIT 2
For the python programmers out there, this answer shows the commands that Ubuntu tweak janitor runs to clean up the system. Maybe something in there will shed more light to this issue.

As I tested Ubuntu Tweak 0.8.6 in Ubuntu 13.10. It seems that for both, late releases of Mozilla Firefox and Thunderbird moved their cache folders to ~/.cache. Profiles configuration kept in same place ~/.mozilla/firefox/profiles.ini and ~/.thunderbird/profiles.ini.

Firefox: ~/.mozilla/firefox/ → ~/.cache/mozilla/firefox/
Thunderbird: ~/.thunderbird/ → ~/.cache/thunderbird/

Quick patch:

sudo nano /usr/share/pyshared/ubuntutweak/janitor/mozilla_plugin.py

Add/Change all lines I include cache_path in them (3 new lines, 2 modified app_path → cache_path, keep app_path of the profiles.ini):

import os
import logging

from ubuntutweak.janitor import JanitorCachePlugin
from ubuntutweak.settings.configsettings import RawConfigSetting

log = logging.getLogger('MozillaCachePlugin')

class MozillaCachePlugin(JanitorCachePlugin):
    __category__ = 'application'

    targets = ['Cache',
               'OfflineCache']
    app_path = ''
    cache_path = ''

    @classmethod
    def get_path(cls):
        profiles_path = os.path.expanduser('%s/profiles.ini' % cls.app_path)
        if os.path.exists(profiles_path):
            config = RawConfigSetting(profiles_path)
            try:
                profile_id = config.get_value('General', 'StartWithLastProfile')
                for section in config.sections():
                    if section.startswith('Profile'):
                        relative_id = config.get_value(section, 'IsRelative')
                        if relative_id == profile_id:
                            return os.path.expanduser('%s/%s' % (cls.cache_path, config.get_value(section, 'Path')))
            except Exception, e:
                log.error(e)
                path = config.get_value('Profile0', 'Path')
                if path:
                    return os.path.expanduser('%s/%s' % (cls.cache_path, path))
        return cls.root_path

class FirefoxCachePlugin(MozillaCachePlugin):
    __title__ = _('Firefox Cache')

    app_path = '~/.mozilla/firefox'
    cache_path = '~/.cache/mozilla/firefox'

class ThunderbirdCachePlugin(MozillaCachePlugin):
    __title__ = _('Thunderbird Cache')

    cache_path = '~/.cache/thunderbird'
    app_path = '~/.thunderbird'

I filled an upstream bug report for this, See Cache path of Mozilla Firefox and Thunderbird changed to ~/.cache #24

For firefox you could install firebug.
Once firebug is installed into firefox you can do a:

  ctrl shift del

This will bring up the clear history dialog which includes clearing cache. Giving you nice control over what you clear and what you don't. Here is a screenshot of the feature:


How to install sublime text on ubuntu chromebook? I have installed ubuntu 12.04 on my samsung chromebook using crouton. I wanted to know how can i install sublime text on it (any version would do) ? And if it is not possible to install it then please recommend some nice alternative to it.

this is the error log when installing:

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  sublime-text
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 9,670 B of archives.
After this operation, 51.2 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/sublime-text-2/ubuntu/ precise/main sublime-text all 2.0.2-1~webupd8~3 [9,670 B]
Fetched 9,670 B in 3s (2,521 B/s)
Preconfiguring packages ...
Please report to author unsupported platform 'armv7l'.
Selecting previously unselected package sublime-text.
(Reading database ... 68361 files and directories currently installed.)
Unpacking sublime-text (from .../sublime-text_2.0.2-1~webupd8~3_all.deb) ...
Please report to author unsupported platform 'armv7l'.
Please report to author unsupported platform 'armv7l'.
Downloading...
--2014-05-26 10:21:44--  https://c758482.ssl.cf2.rackcdn.com/Sublime%20Text%202.0.2.tar.bz2
Resolving c758482.ssl.cf2.rackcdn.com (c758482.ssl.cf2.rackcdn.com)... 72.246.79.162
Connecting to c758482.ssl.cf2.rackcdn.com (c758482.ssl.cf2.rackcdn.com)|72.246.79.162|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 5584673 (5.3M) [application/x-bzip2]
Saving to: `Sublime Text 2.0.2.tar.bz2'

     0K ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ 56% 23.3K 1m42s
  3072K ........ ........ ........ ........ .....            100% 56.3K=2m54s

2014-05-26 10:24:45 (31.3 KB/s) - `Sublime Text 2.0.2.tar.bz2' saved [5584673/5584673]

Download done.
Removing outdated cached downloads...
sha256sum mismatch Sublime Text 2.0.2.tar.bz2
Sublime Text is NOT installed.
dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/sublime-text_2.0.2-1~webupd8~3_all.deb (--unpack):
 subprocess new pre-installation script returned error exit status 1
Errors were encountered while processing:
 /var/cache/apt/archives/sublime-text_2.0.2-1~webupd8~3_all.deb
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

You can't run sublime as it's not build for ARM processors.

ARM builds are wanted, but not available.

Just do these steps below and it should get you the app.

    sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/sublime-text-2
    sudo apt-get update
    sudo apt-get install sublime-text


I can not boot directly into Text Mode in 14.10 I want my Ubuntu 14.10 system to boot directly into command line, so I changed the grub file in (/etc/default/grub) like this :

(#)GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=”quiet”

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=”text”

GRUB_TERMINAL=console

But the only think that has changed is I don't have the purple color anymore on the start :p .

I did this,

sudo apt-get install upstart

sudo reboot

Then I booted into Text Mode.

I found the information here:-

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/SystemdForUpstartUsers


Ubuntu 16.04 LTS - Freeze after out of fullscreen mode (YouTube, Netflix, and others) I have a bug: When I watch a video on YouTube, Netflix or other site in FullScreen mode, and then when I exit from this fullscreen, and go back normal. My screen freezes on my computer on the right side and down side screen of the screen. My mouse and Sound are still working (video is playing forward), but the image stop and thenI can't go back to fullscreen. And my computer has no reaction until I restart it and the problem is gone until I go back to fullscreen again.

Dell Latitude E6410
Ram: 8GB
SDD: 500GB

Problem on browsers Google Chrome and Firefox.

For the bug, I have it too, and to close the chrome tab without restarting, here are the steps.

Press Ctrl+Alt+F1
Type this code, ps -aux | grep -inE <your browser name, ie chrome>
Find the pid (process id number) it should be right after your username
Write kill <process id number> for instance if your pid is 24556 then you would run kill 24556
Press Ctrl+Alt+F7

The browser should close without you restarting.


Upgrading from the command line? I would like to know how to upgrade from my current version of Ubuntu to the next stable from the Command line interface?

You'll first need to make sure update-manager-core is present (it may already be installed):

sudo apt-get install update-manager-core

Next, run:

sudo do-release-upgrade

You may need to check /etc/update-manager/release-upgrades and change the line:

Prompt=lts

to:

Prompt=normal

for the release to show up.

Upgrade Documentation
Upgrade Notes

You can do

sudo do-release-upgrade

for command line updating

(This is actually the same as for Ubuntu Server)


How can I remove/uninstall ubuntu 13.10 to install another linus distro? I have Ubuntu 13.10 installed in a laptop but don’t feel very happy with it so I want to try other distros. I know I didn’t do it well because I delete windows at the time of the installation, I was really fed up about the slow it was. I didn’t make any partition while installing ubuntu, it is possible to overwrite the other OS? would any remain any rest of Ubuntu?
Tks

You can install almost most(if not all), the same way most people install ubuntu 13.10. Make a Pendrive from an USB-stick or burn a installation DVD.

Steps to create a pendrive
S1: Download the ISO of your preffered distro

S2: Create a pendrive using tools such as Universal USB Installer to "mount" the iso on  usb-stick.

S3: plug in the usb-stick

S4: reboot

S5: Select the usb-stick as the "Boot-source" from your BIOS

S6: the rest of the installation will explain itself.(select something like "erase ubuntu 13.10" if it appears)

Steps to burn a dvd
same as pendrive but with the word dvd instead of usb-stick, except for #2 where you will need to burn the iso in a dvd using standard iso-tools.

Good Luck!

Complicadisimo.
Yo instalé UBUNTU en mi PC de escritorio. Me estropeó dos discos rigidos (1). Ahora me quedó la opción de Windows ó UBUNTU y no quiero saber mas nada ni del nombre UBUNTU. Quiero que desaparezca por completo de mi vida.
 (1), UBUNTU, obviamente tiene muchas ventajas y otras desventajas respecto a otros sistemas operativos. Pero la peor desventaja que le veo, es la falta de instrucciones puntuales, concretas y objetivas por parte de quienes lo producen. No me alcanza con que sea open source y gratis si luego, por la falta de instrucción, pierdo datos muy importantes que para recuperarlo me significan tres días de pérdida de mi trabajo, tiempo y mi PC encendida con todos los riesgos que ello supone por cortes de energía y otros riesgos importantes.
Es muy probable, que la pérdida de información haya sido de mi responsabilidad y no de UBUNTU. Sin embargo, si UBUNTU me hubiese enseñado con suficiente claridad de que manera hacer las cosas, me daba la opción de instalarlo bien, ó descartar la idea de LINUX.
Ahora, me obliga a descartar para siempre esa opción y quizás esto sea injusto.


uwsgi can't find python plugin I'm trying to deploy a python app to my Ubuntu 12.04.1 VPS running Nginx / uWSGI.  I've setup my server following this guide.  When I restart uWSGI I get this message:

nickd@my-vps:~$ sudo /etc/init.d/uwsgi restart
[sudo] password for nickd:
* Restarting app server(s) uwsgi
[uWSGI] getting INI configuration from /usr/share/uwsgi/conf/default.ini
[uWSGI] parsing  config file /etc/uwsgi/apps-enabled/application.net.xml
open("./python_plugin.so"): No such file or directory [core/utils.c line 4700]
!!! UNABLE to load uWSGI plugin: ./python_plugin.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory !!!   Tue Dec 11
15:18:06 2012 - [WARNING] option "app" is deprecated: use the more advanced "mount" option

My application.net.xml:

<uwsgi>
    <plugin>python</plugin>
    <socket>/run/uwsgi/app/application.net/application.net.socket</socket>
    <pythonpath>/var/www/apps/application/</pythonpath>
    <app mountpoint="/">
        <script>wsgi_configuration_module</script>
    </app>
    <master/>
    <processes>4</processes>
    <harakiri>60</harakiri>
    <reload-mercy>8</reload-mercy>
    <cpu-affinity>1</cpu-affinity>
    <stats>/tmp/stats.socket</stats>
    <max-requests>2000</max-requests>
    <limit-as>512</limit-as>
    <reload-on-as>256</reload-on-as>
    <reload-on-rss>192</reload-on-rss>
    <no-orphans/>
    <vacuum/>
</uwsgi>

My INI config is default.

Any help getting uWSGI to load the python plugin would be appreciated.

You need to have the plugin installed.

sudo apt-get install uwsgi-plugin-python3

I just ended up using Phusion Passenger to run my application.  It was as simple as configuring and running Nginx.


How do I install the Dropbox Client in Lubuntu 15.04? I have a problem with installing Dropbox under Lubuntu 15.04.

When I try to install the downloaded .deb file provided via here (I have chosen the "Ubuntu" file), I get an error in gdebi:

Error: Dependency is not satisfiable: python-gtk2 (>=2.12)

Do I have to install another package version of python-gtk2?

Do I have to downgrade the python-gtk2 package?

I am at a loss and have not found any solutions on Google. I also could not find anybody with the same problem yet. Any help would be greatly appreciated.

I just installed on 15.04, and it installed fine.  It didn't produce any error.

Try this.  Just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

sudo apt-get install python-gpgme

sudo apt-get install python-gtk2

Then try to install Dropbox again.

SOLVED:
I solved it by installing the 64 bit version.  I was getting errors trying to install the 32 bit version on a machine I thought was running 32 bit Ubuntu.  So it was looking for the 32 bit versions of the dependencies and not finding them.  It was a little hard at first because I could see they were clearly there.


How can you completely remove a package? I am trying to do a clean install of the octave3.2 package.

To do this, I removed it, then tried to reinstall it.

When I reinstalled, an error occurred. It could be a bug in the package, but I want to make sure I have everything removed so that I can do a clean install.

Is it enough to do this?

sudo apt-get --purge remove octave3.2

This is a very general answer to the question about the effects of purging packages. For advice specific to your situation, you'll have to edit your question to include additional information--in particular, the complete and exact text of the error message you are getting.

Removing packages with sudo apt purge ... or sudo apt --purge remove ... will remove them and all their global (i.e., systemwide) configuration files. This is usually what people mean when they talk about completely removing a package.

But that doesn't mean your system is the same as it was before the package was installed. In particular:

This does not remove packages that were installed as dependencies, when you installed the package you're now removing. Assuming those packages aren't dependencies of any other packages, and that you haven't marked them as manually installed, you can remove the dependencies with sudo apt autoremove or (if you want to delete their systemwide configuration files too) sudo apt --purge autoremove.
This does not remove non-systemwide configuration files. Specifically, it does not remove user-specific configuration:

It does not remove the configuration files and directories located in users' home directories (or in the .config subdirectory of their home directories), created by the software the package provides.

If these files/folders are not stored in .config, they usually start with a . themselves. Either way, you can see them with ls by using the -a or -A flag, and you can see them in Nautilus and most other file browsers/managers by pressing Ctrl+H or going to View > Show Hidden Files.

It does not reverse changes made to existing user-specific configuration files.
It does not remove new gconf or dconf keys, or reverse any gconf or dconf configuration changes.

Using purge or --purge remove instead of remove does not reverse changes to existing systemwide configuration files provided by other packages or created manually by the user. However, sometimes such changes are undone by uninstalling the package (whether or not it's a purge rather than a remove).

Another option you have, is using the debfoster package. This will interactively find and suggest packages for removal (and purge) along with dependant packages.

sudo apt install debfoster
sudo debfoster
# and optionally remove debfoster too
sudo purge debfoster


Long power button press delete Is it possible to disable the shutdown on long press of the hardware power button? I already disabled any actions on single, short press, but the computer still turns off on a long press of the power button. How can I remove that?

That is a hardware related matter, and can't be controlled by any OS. You could find something helpful in your BIOS, nothing much more.


I had the exact same problem, I solved it by putting the graphics card into persistent mode:

$ sudo nvidia-smi -pm 1

I don't know what this really does but it seems that it's working for me.

I found the solution in the next forum: https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=145527

I had a similar issue on Linux Mint.
Most forum posts suggested that this is something to do with Active State Power Management (ASPM) on Linux that doesn't play well with the NVidia driver. They suggested that you turn off ASPM in the boot options. However that doesn't work if you have ASPM off in your bios. I finally got it to work by turning on ASPM in bios but turning it off in the boot options - so Linux knows that its controlling ASPM and not bios.


Error while installing Easy-RSA as part of installing OpenVPN I am attempting to install OpenVPN on a fresh install of Ubuntu Server 16.04 by following this article in the documentation.  During the "Public Key Infrastructure Setup" section I get an error from the "clean-all" script and the "build-ca" script.
cd /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/
source vars
./clean-all
./build-ca

The error is:
Please source the vars script first (i.e. "source ./vars")
Make sure you have edited it to reflect your configuration.

The problem is that I have done so.  MANY times.  This is a new clean install of the OS.  I installed the OS then started the instructions to install and setup OpenVPN.  Then this happened.
What could be the problem?
Thanks in advance

> This is how I solve the problem ... bob@ns1:~$ sudo chown bob:bob
> /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/ bob@ns1:~$ cd /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/
> bob@ns1:/etc/openvpn/easy-rsa$ ls -la bob@ns1:/etc/openvpn/easy-rsa$
> source vars NOTE: If you run ./clean-all, I will be doing a rm -rf on
> /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/
> keys bob@ns1:/etc/openvpn/easy-rsa$ ./clean-all
> bob@ns1:/etc/openvpn/easy-rsa$ ./build-ca Generating a 2048 bit RSA
> private key


how can I install wine 1.4 on ubuntu 13.04? When I try to install wine 1.4 i get this errors:

The following packages have unmet dependencies:

wine1.4: PreDepends: dpkg (>= 1.15.7.2~) pero 1.16.10ubuntu1 is to be installed
         Depends: libc6 (>= 2.14) pero 2.17-0ubuntu5 is to be installed
         Depends: wine1.4-amd64 (= 1.4.1-0ubuntu5) but 1.4.1-0ubuntu5 is to be installed
         Depends: wine1.4-i386 (= 1.4.1-0ubuntu5) but it is not going to be installed

How can I fix it?

I recommend PlayOnLinux . It's a user friendly version of Wine. You can install it from Ubuntu software Center.

Add this PPA to your ubuntu software centre.
https://launchpad.net/~ubuntu-wine/+archive/ppa


How do I hide a particular user from the login screen? How do I hide a particular user from the login screen on a default install of 11.10 and higher? (ie. using Unity Greeter)?

If your system uses AccountsService, you can not hide a user from the greeter screen by reconfiguring lightdm because it defers to AccountsService.  That is stated very clearly in the comments in /etc/lightdm/users.conf.

What you need to do instead is to reconfigure AccountsService.

To hide a user named XXX, create a file named

/var/lib/AccountsService/users/XXX

containing two lines:

[User]
SystemAccount=true

If the file already exists, make sure you append the SystemAccount=true line to the [User] section.

This a variation of James' answer. You can hide users in lightDM by simply assigning them an ID below the minimum ID found in:

/etc/lightdm/users.conf

On my PC it was 1000

# minimum-uid = Minimum UID required to be shown in greeter
# hidden-users = Users that are not shown to the user
# hidden-shells = Shells that indicate a user cannot login
#
[UserAccounts]
minimum-uid=1000

You can change UID easilly in terminal:

sudo usermod -u PutUserNameHere

It works on my PC (in 2016), so I guess the lightDM bug that Eliah Kagan mentioned in 2014 with regards James' answer has been resolved.


After logging in, there's a black screen and my cursor, nothing else! in Ubuntu 12.10 I've been using Ubuntu(12.10) for a long time, and recently, my Ubuntu went through yet another update.

The whole update prompt showed up, following by a password prompt, and finally the good ol' progress bar...

Everything went well, and later on, I shut down my computer.

The next day, I turned my PC on, went to the login screen. I went ahead, and logged in, but after that, all I could see was a black screen, and my cursor!

I checked the forums, and got various tips, none of which worked...

Now I'm stuck with an Ubuntu installation that's completely useless.

One more thing:

I even tried logging in through Guest, but same problem! :\

My Computer Specs:
Motherboard: Intel DG41WV
Processor: Intel Core 2 Quad Q6600 @ 2.40GHz
Graphics: Intel G41 Express Chipset
RAM: Dual Channel, DDR3 2*2GB (4096 MBytes)
HDD: Seagate 500GB SATA

---- DETAILED INFO ----

To be a little more precise about my problem, after I log in, I can see a black screen and my cursor. Plus, importantly, I was able to see a login screen, hence I'm sure Ubuntu is rendering properly, and also pretty sure that there's no problem with the drivers (Otherwise I shouldn't even get a login screen, right?).

Anywho, another (probably) important thing is that, after logging in, I can hit Ctrl+Alt+1 and get up a recovery console.

The only thing that doesn't load is my actual GUI desktop

Then, I ran unity from the recovery console, it went through a few commands, got stuck at OpenGL for a few seconds, then zoomed throught many more lines of code, and ended up with this:

ERROR 2012-01-03 20.51.23 unity.launcher.Icon TrashLauncherIcon.cpp:62 Could not create file monitor for trash url: Operation not supported

*** glibc detected *** compiz: malloc(): memory corruption: 0x09c861d6 ***

After that. back at Ctrl+Alt+F7: Desktop Background + Cursor

So back to the terminal again, I had to hit Ctrl+C to get back again.

now, I typed unity again, and this was the output:

WARNING: no DISPLAY variable set, setting it to :D
compiz (core) - Info: Loading plugin: core
compiz (core) - Info: Starting plugin: core
unity-panel-service: no process found

so now I did a sudo service lightdm restart :

X10: fatal IO error 4 (Interrupted system call) on X server ":0"
after 131 requests (130 known processed) with 0 events remaining.
lightdm stop/waiting
lightdm start/running, process 2852

Im back at the login screen, and I login again, now Im back to black screen (Yes, I lost the Desktop Background as well)

So, once again, I try unity (same response as last time):

WARNING: no DISPLAY variable set, setting it to :D
compiz (core) - Info: Loading plugin: core
compiz (core) - Info: Starting plugin: core
unity-panel-service: no process found

And still a black screen! :\

Just for completeness, this problem also occurs when you mistakenly installed the "nvidia-319-updates" package, but you do not have an nVidia graphics chip on your system.
In my case this package was an indirect dependency from package "libopencv-dev".

So, when you're running on an ATI or Intel grpahics chip for example, and you installed openCV (package libopencv-dev), OpenGL gets broken and you'll get a black screen with mouse cursor after logging in. To resolve in this case, just remove nvidia's packages:

sudo apt-get remove nvidia-*

See this bug on launchpad for more details

try

ctrl-alt-f2

login

type:

sudo update-grub
sudo reboot


Can I run ubuntu with VMware? Hi I was looking to install this with or under VMware on windows 7 64bit, is this possiable and where can I find instructions on how to do so? I have searched the site and can not find anything for help on installing this with VMware.

Also I have VMware Workstation do I need VMware player?

Of course you can =) Actually trying Ubuntu in a virtualized environment is more than encouraged =)

Resources:

Info on how to install Ubuntu in VMware Player
Info on how to install Ubuntu in VMware Workstation (a little bit outdated)
A blog post with info on how to install Ubuntu 11.04 on VMware workstation 7

To perform very good for Ubuntu operating system we need to allocate recommended hardware for host or guest machine.
Nowadays, we all are using vmware to practice and lab with different operating system, Here I have written very good article to install Ubuntu 16.04 Linux on VMware workstation with good configuration to execute your lab exercise and do practice.
You can go to the article using this link: How to install Ubuntu 16.04 in VMWare Workstation


Cairo-Dock weather applet not working I have searched high and low for the config file to change the server for the weather applet. Anyone have the file location? A system search yielded no results. The applet stopped working for me and my roomate several days ago.

Here is a solution (get the file and replace original):

https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B-XSYP5W-8Wea2NWTGJtSkxybEk
I am using Mint 17.3 (64 bit) w/Mate DE and Linux Kernel 3.19.0.22 and
Cairo-Dock 3.4.0 and the file worked perfectly for me! Thanks for the fix!
I just copied the file as root in /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/cairo-dock/libcd-weather.so, and now see my screenshot: https://personal.filesanywhere.com/FS/M.aspx?v=8a6b688d5d65aeba6fa4

I fixed weather plug-in on Kubuntu 14.04!!!

-remove all cairo-dock from Synaptic, and install cairo-dock-

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:cairo-dock-team/ppa

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install cairo-dock cairo-dock-plug-ins

Then from https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B-XSYP5W-8Wea2NWTGJtSkxybEk

i copied the file as root in /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/cairo-dock/libcd-weather.so

And Cairo-Dock weather applet working!!!


Broken emacs installation First of all, I am really sorry about behaving like an over smart. But hope you will be able to help me under the circumstance I am right now.

I was having some difficulty with emacs in my Ubuntu 12.04.2 installation. So I decided to reinstall everything from scratch. The steps I took are,

sudo apt-get autoremove emacs24
cd /usr/share
sudo rm -r emacs
sudo rm -r emacs24

Now whenever I try to install emacs, it tells me it can't find ispell,flyspell and debian-ispell and installation not completed, dpkg error. What can I do to fix it?

(Reading database ... 292802 files and directories currently installed.)
Unpacking emacs (from .../emacs_24.1+1-2~ppa1~precise1_all.deb) ...
Setting up emacs23 (23.3+1-1ubuntu9.1) ...
emacs-install emacs23

edit: This is the output i get, if anyone is interested

install/dictionaries-common: Byte-compiling for emacsen flavour emacs23
>>Error occurred processing debian-ispell.el: File error (("Opening input file" "no such file or directory" "/usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/dictionaries-common/debian-ispell.el"))
>>Error occurred processing ispell.el: File error (("Opening input file" "no such file or directory" "/usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/dictionaries-common/ispell.el"))
>>Error occurred processing flyspell.el: File error (("Opening input file" "no such file or directory" "/usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/dictionaries-common/flyspell.el"))
emacs-install: /usr/lib/emacsen-common/packages/install/dictionaries-common emacs23 failed at /usr/lib/emacsen-common/emacs-install line 28, <TSORT> line 4.
dpkg: error processing emacs23 (--configure):
 subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of emacs:
 emacs depends on emacs23 | emacs23-lucid | emacs23-nox; however:
  Package emacs23 is not configured yet.
  Package emacs23-lucid which provides emacs23 is not installed.
  Package emacs23-lucid is not installed.
  Package emacs23-nox is not installed.
dpkg: error processing emacs (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure.
                                                                                Errors were encountered while processing:
 emacs23
 emacs
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

The solution to the problem was absolutely non-trivial. The first thing I did, was installing dictionaries-common package, because that's what causing initial problem.

sudo apt-get install --reinstall dictionaries-common

After that I just tackled one problem after other. I collected problematic files manually and put them where asked and that's what solved my problem. One big lesson to learn from here is to never mess with system files under any circumstances.

Try: sudo apt-get purge emacs24 then sudo apt-get install -f emacs24


knotes note location I use Knotes to writes notes and then I like to put all those notes on my Desktop

But the problem is:

Everytime I reboot my Ubuntu The location of notes stored on desktops changes and the note
is shifted to places like behind the Dock or half part on the edge of desktop etc..

Hence everytime I log on to ubuntu I have to reset the position of the notes.

Why is this happening and How should I stop this strange behaviour of notes?

I have tried reinstalling Knotes but it doesn't help!

Thanks you in advanced!

Warning: Alternative software, not a solution ahead; you are warned!

I would rather recommend to use Xpad, a much better software to store notes. knotes is probably optimized for KDE environment and may not work very well on Unity interfaces.

To start xpad when you reboot your system, do this:

Type "Startup applications" on the dash and open the application
In the window that pops-up, click on "Add"
In th dialog box that pops-up, enter "xpad" as the name and xpad as the command and "notes" as comment and then click on "Add".

Do you have Compiz running, and your KNotes are in Rich-Text mode?
KNotes Rich-Text mode causes the KNotes to change size, in a way that messes up Compiz's placement of KNotes. (or at least that's what it looks like to me)

If you leave the KNotes in Rich-Text edit mode, and turn off Compiz, The Knotes Shrink vertically every reshowing of KNotes, but at least they keep their position for the most part.

Turning off Rich-Text mode in KNotes fixes these problems, but you're left with plain text after each login. (no bold, italic, underline, multiple fonts, etc...)


is it possible to use an ipod classic3G as external disk with ubuntu 12.04? I have an ipod classic 30GB. It is partitioned with Apple HFS.
Can I use it as an external drive with Ubuntu 12.04  LTS?

to sudo fdisk -l I get:

Disk /dev/sda: 8006 MB, 8006926336 bytes
247 heads, 62 sectors/track, 1021 cylinders, total 15638528 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00085342

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048    13559807     6778880   83  Linux
/dev/sda2        13561854    15636479     1037313    5  Extended
/dev/sda5        13561856    15636479     1037312   82  Linux swap / Solaris

Disk /dev/mmcblk0: 16.3 GB, 16288579584 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1980 cylinders, total 31813632 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000881d5

        Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/mmcblk0p1   *        2048    31813631    15905792   83  Linux
Note: sector size is 2048 (not 512)

Disk /dev/sdb: 30.0 GB, 30005821440 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 7153 cylinders, total 14651280 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 2048 = 2048 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 2048 bytes / 2048 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 2048 bytes / 2048 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table

to sudo blkid I get:

/dev/sda1: UUID="10b8c1cb-1b08-4b58-a312-376ea4206fb6" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/sda5: UUID="969c9b05-a91e-43ed-8fd1-715fdbbf2f71" TYPE="swap"
/dev/mmcblk0p1: LABEL="XINUTOP-NAV" UUID="2c574e17-6f0e-4828-b153-ded6a7a03d2f" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/sdb3: UUID="693884dd-2694-3072-b912-ed8d6c27728e" LABEL="PamelaM-bM-^@M-^Ys iPod" TYPE="hfsplus"

to mount -l I get:

/dev/sda1 on / type ext4 (rw,errors=remount-ro)
proc on /proc type proc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev)
none on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw)
none on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw)
none on /sys/kernel/security type securityfs (rw)
udev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,mode=0755)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,noexec,nosuid,gid=5,mode=0620)
tmpfs on /run type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,size=10%,mode=0755)
none on /run/lock type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,size=5242880)
none on /run/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev)
gvfs-fuse-daemon on /home/thierry/.gvfs type fuse.gvfs-fuse-daemon (rw,nosuid,nodev,user=thierry)
/dev/mmcblk0p1 on /media/XINUTOP-NAV type ext4 (rw,nosuid,nodev,uhelper=udisks) [XINUTOP-NAV]
/dev/sdb3 on /media/Pamela’s iPod type hfsplus (ro,nosuid,nodev,uhelper=udisks) [Pamela’s iPod]

You can enable writing to HFS+ in Linux even if you didn't disable journaling. In addition to hfsplus which you already have, you need to have hfsprogs installed:

sudo apt-get install hfsprogs

Then, use the -o force option:

sudo mount -o force /dev/sdX /your/mount/point

If the drive has been mounted automatically (as it should be on a desktop system like Ubuntu), you can enable write with

sudo mount -o remount,rw,force /mount/point

or

sudo mount -o remount,rw,force /dev/sdx

/mount/point would usually be /media/Your_drive_label /dev/sdx is your HFS+ device

Use mount -l to find which device is already mounted on which mount point.


How do I redirect command output to vim in bash? I am trying to redirect the output of a bash command into a new file.

If I try the pipe as below :

ls -la | vim

Bash shows me the errors :

Vim: Error reading input, exiting...
Vim: preserving files...
Vim: Finished.

I know that I can open Vim and then use :

:r !ls -la

But is there a way to do this in bash itself, so that Vim is opened and the output is pasted there automatically?

You can use process substitution (this also works with applications that can't read from STDIN):

vim <(ls -la)

Or use vim's function to read from STDIN:

ls -la | vim -

I would like to add an option
ls -al | view -
view is a read-only version of vim(equivalent to vim -R)


How can I filter "dpkg --get-selections" to just packages available in repositories? I would like to get a list of packages installed on one system and install all of them on another system.

I know that dpkg --get-selections can give me a list of all installed packages which I can pipe into dpkg --set-selections on the target system. However, some of the installed packages are ones that I built myself locally (using e.g. checkinstall) and are not available from the repositories. The dpkg --set-selections process will fail when it is unable to find these packages in the repositories.

So is there a way I can filter the list generated by dpkg --get-selections so that it only contains packages whose currently-installed version is available in my current repositories?

I believe Software Center has a feature for syncing between computers these days. If that handle missing packages correctly, it could solve your problem.

The issue here is that dpkg isn't aware of repositories, only installed packages. You can find out if a package is available in a repository by running apt-cache policy $package. If you see a repository in the Version Table, it's available there.

So, how about this?. It's slow, but should work:

dpkg --get-selections '*' \
  | while read line; do
    apt-cache policy $(echo "$line" | cut -f1 ) \
      | grep -q 'http://' \
      && echo "$line"
done

Use the following command

dpkg --get-selections > installed-software

it will create a file called installed-software in your home directory

on the new system

dpkg --set-selections < installed-software

this will read the selection and install


How do I save/remember last-used window position and size for applications? When I log in Ubuntu, I would like all windows opened at previous session (terminal and Firefox mainly) to be re-opened automatically at the same size and position.

How to proceed?

For 12.04 (and 11.10)

The short answer is: hibernation is the best option because the gnome-session-save functionality was removed after 11.04 since it was buggy, and the official tweak to manually re-enable this functionality does not appear to work. Part B of this answer describes how to use an alternative hibernation method, TuxOnIce, which is more compatible and reliable right now than the built-in hibernation.

A. Trying to enable the old Gnome session saving functionality

Note: as described at the end, this official tweak does not appear to work -- you may want to skip directly to B. Hibernation with TuxOnIce
This Launchpad bug discusses restoring the "save session" functionality. It is currently marked "fixed", because a patch was introduced in the gnome-session package in April 2012, allowing users to manually re-enable this functionality. The patch describes itself as:

add GNOME_SESSION_SAVE environment variable for people wanting to
use the save session still, knowing that it can break your system
if used unwisely (LP: #771896)

You can enable this by setting the GNOME_SESSION_SAVE variable to a non-null value. Here's how:

Press Alt+F2, type gedit ~/.pam_environment, and press enter.
Add the line GNOME_SESSION_SAVE=1 at the end of the file as shown below:

Press Ctrl+S to save, and Ctrl+Q to quit the editor.
Now reboot (logout should also work, but just to be safe)

What the patch (source) does is disable the Options tab in Startup Applications, which used to contain the Remember running applications when logging out option. BUT it checks the GNOME_SESSION_SAVE variable, and if set (non-null), it should enable session-saving just as if the Remember... box existed and was checked. That's why the bug is labeled as "fixed"

if (g_getenv ("GNOME_SESSION_SAVE") != NULL)
                maybe_load_saved_session_apps (manager);
Unfortunately, it doesn't seem to work, as confirmed by comment 32 in the bug tracker.
I even tried disabling the patch and rebuilding gnome-session from source. That makes the Options checkbox show up again, but it does nothing.
But hey, it may somehow work for you!! :)

B. What works for now: Enhanced Hibernation with TuxOnIce

Hibernation saves your current system state (including your session, applications open, etc.) to the hard disk, and shuts the computer down. When you start it again, it reads the saved state and restores it, just as if you had never turned the computer off. This technology is mostly used by laptop users to save on battery power, but there's no reason it can't be used on desktops as well.
Hibernation support is available in Ubuntu/Linux but was disabled in 12.04 because it wasn't working properly on a number of systems. See this question and this bugreport if you want more information.

A more compatible alternative: TuxOnIce
TuxOnIce (wiki|homepage) is an alternative to the kernel's built-in hibernation technology, and is supposed to be more compatible, more reliable and more flexible.
It is easily installed, and if it doesn't work for you, as easily removed.
It does require installing TuxOnIce's custom kernel, but the instructions that follow should make it easy. If you've never opened the terminal before, you may want to now :-)

0. Requirements

The only requirement for TuxOnIce is that your swap partition be at least as large as the amount of memory (RAM) you have. You can check this by:
Start the terminal with Ctrl+Alt+T
Type free -m, and you should see something like this:

             total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached
Mem:          1024        731        260          0          0        190
-/+ buffers/cache:        540        451
Swap:         1536          6       1530

The number after Swap: (e.g. 1536) should be more than the number after Mem: (e.g. 1024)
If this is not the case, and your swap is smaller than your memory, you must either resize and increase the size of your swap partition, or configure TuxOnIce to use a special swap file. That is beyond the scope of this answer, but if you ask another question and mention it in the comments, I will answer and explain how.

1. Installing the TuxOnIce kernel
Start the terminal with Ctrl+Alt+T
Copy and paste the following into the terminal. This adds the TuxOnIce PPA and installs the custom kernel and headers.

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:tuxonice/ppa -y

and once the ppa is added:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install tuxonice-userui linux-generic-tuxonice -y
sudo apt-get install linux-headers-generic-tuxonice -y

Now reboot.
Ubuntu should now start up with the TuxOnIce kernel. If there are any problems, keep the Shift pressed at startup and you will get the Grub menu. Use the arrow keys to go to Previous Linux Versions, press enter, and press enter again to go back to the working kernel.

2. Testing hibernation functionality.
Open some of the applications you normally use, e.g. Firefox, Thunderbird, LibreOffice, etc.
Open the terminal again, with Ctrl+Alt+T.
Type sudo pm-hibernate, press enter, enter your password.
You should see the lock screen for a second, and then the TuxOnIce hibernation progress screen, like the one below:

If TuxOnIce works, your computer will shutdown.
Start it again, and wait. TuxOnIce should resume from the point you hibernated, including all the windows you opened at the position you opened.

If all this worked, go to Step 3, which lets you enable Hibernate from the dashboard.

3. Enabling hibernation from the dashboard
Press Alt+F2, type the below and then press enter:

gksudo gedit /etc/polkit-1/localauthority/50-local.d/com.ubuntu.enable-hibernate.pkla
Paste the below, press Ctrl+S to save and Ctrl+Q to exit the editor:

[Re-enable hibernate by default]
Identity=unix-user:*
Action=org.freedesktop.upower.hibernate
ResultActive=yes

Restart, and you should see the Hibernate option as shown below:

4. Removing TuxOnIce

If TuxOnIce doesn't work for you, or you simply wish to remove it, start the terminal and enter:

 sudo apt-get remove tuxonice-userui linux-generic-tuxonice linux-headers-generic-tuxonice -y
and remember to disable the Hibernate option in the menu with:

sudo rm /etc/polkit-1/localauthority/50-local.d/com.ubuntu.enable-hibernate.pkla
Then restart.

1.CryoPID
But It is not very well documented though and the last DEB released was for Heron and the website was last updated in 2005 so it might be useless.

  CryoPID allows you to capture the state of a running process in Linux and save it to a file. This file can then be used to resume the process later on, either after a reboot or even on another machine.

  CryoPID consists of a program called freeze that captures the state of a running process and writes it into a file. The file is self-executing and self-extracting, so to resume a process, you simply run that file. See the table below for more details on what is supported.

Features

Can run as an ordinary user! (no root privileges needed)
Works on both 2.4 and 2.6.
Works on x86 and AMD64.
Can start & stop a process multiple times
Can migrate processes between machines and between kernel versions (tested between 2.4 to 2.6 and 2.6 to 2.4).

Here are the tarballs:

i386 tarball
x86_64 tarball

 2. Tuxonice probably this is your better bet and may work.

  TuxOnIce is most easily described as the Linux equivalent of Windows' hibernate functionality, but better. It saves the contents of memory to disk and powers down. When the computer is started up again, it reloads the contents and the user can continue from where they left off. No documents need to be reloaded or applications reopened and the process is much faster than a normal shutdown and start up.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:tuxonice/ppa

The PPA has precompiled Ubuntu kernels with TuxOnIce already compiled in, the userui binary and the hibernate script. So it might not be for the fainthearted.

There is one workaround that might be worth looking in to:

Create a script that has all the programs you tend to open. Or create 2,3,4,5,6 of those scripts and bind a key to this script. Like control + alt + 1|2|3|4|5|6 or if that is in use something else. Hit the key and let the script open all the programs from that script.
And you can use something like this how to shift applications from workspace 1 to 2 using command to toss them onto another workspaces if you want them grouped.

I am not allowed to copy someones answer, so source.


Google Search garbled on Firefox on Ubuntu 14.04 I recently updated Firefox on Ubuntu 14.04. I also installed some fonts on Ubuntu after that.

After this, the google search on firefox looks like this:

I've tried explicitely going to google.com and then searching, still same problem occurs.

Yahoo and other search engines work fine though.

After searching web, I tried using following things, but none work:

Change language of firefox.
Change font of firefox.
Reinstall firefox from ubuntu center.
sudo rm -rf ~/.mozilla (to completely reset firefox)
Remove firefox, perform step 4, install firefox from ubuntu center.

But none seems to work. Can anyone suggest a solution?

I'm assuming the problem is caused by either an unsupported font or unsupported language.

Click Edit->Preferences->Content

You should get this:

Choose default font serif. If this doesn't resolve the issue after restarting firefox, you may also wish to check languages by clicking the Choose Button highlighted above and changing to English for testing purposes

This action will result in this:

When visiting google.in I also noticed the page is available in a number of languages which you can choose by clicking on a link on that page. It's possible you have a mismatch between the language chosen on that page and the language chosen in firefox.

Try running this on terminal

sudo apt-get remove --purge firefox*; sudo apt-get update; sudo apt-get upgrade; sudo apt-get dist-upgrade; sudo apt-get autoremove; sudo apt-get autoclean; sudo apt-get install firefox


Why is so much software suddenly missing from Ubuntu Software Center in Ubuntu 16.10? After doing a clean install of Ubuntu 16.10, I am noticing a huge amount of software previously available in the Ubuntu Software Center is not there anymore. Examples include:

Code::Blocks
Eclipse
Geany

Interestingly, NetBeans, IDLE, and Stani's Python Editor are still present.

How do I get things back to the way they were before I upgraded?

Software Center version number: 3.20.1

I think this is because the update has messed up a little bit in your /etc/apt/sources.list, where are located the repos' URLs.

You should see what's checked and unchecked in your "Software and Updates" (type it in the main menu)

Here's a link for more information : https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Repositories/Ubuntu

Hope it helped you :)


Why is my alias now not working? So before I reformatted (to get rid of Windows), I simply used this command to open documents by putting it at the end of the ~/.bashrc file:

alias commandless= 'gnome-open ./Documents/the-linux-command-line.pdf; gnome-open ./Documents/linux.odt'

But now everytime I start the terminal, it says:

bash: alias: gnome-open ./Documents/the-linux-command-line.pdf; gnome-open ./Documents/linux.odt: not found

before even typing anything in, and when I run the command nothing happens, not even error messages.

You have a space between the = and the opening '. Remove it.

$ alias foo= 'bar baz'
bash: alias: bar baz: not found

Use double quotes instead of single quotes:

alias newcommand="full path of the binary to be executed"

and not:

alias newcommand='full path of the binary to be executed'

No space near equal either on the left or on the right.


How to avoid typing 'python' when running .py scripts? I am experimenting with Django develpment in virtualenv. It is rather anyoing that each time I should type commands like:

python manage.py runserver

I am wondering what should I do to run the same command without 'python', i.e. just:

manage.py runserver

You can set the file to be executable with chmod +x manage.py and then execute it with ./manage.py runserver.

Note that if you create your own script files you will have to include the UNIX shebang in the file.

A lazy trick - just add #/usr/lib/python on the first line of your Python app, and make it executable using the chmod trick above, and double click it and it should work, or in the terminal, ./manage.py runserverHope this helps.


Android Emulator - Ubuntu 12.04 When I type in the command

    emulator @Andreud

where 'Andreud' is the name of the AVD I created, it gives the following errors

    PVRDRIInitPVR2D: PVR2D device index (0)Failed to load libGL.so
    error libGL.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
    Failed to load libGL.so
    error libGL.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

and a blank screen in the emulator window, where I should get android home screen, icons, etc shows up.

As per a comment I tried installing ia32-libs

    aneesh@nb14:~$ sudo apt-get install ia32-libs
    Reading package lists... Done
    Building dependency tree
    Reading state information... Done
    Package ia32-libs is not available, but is referred to by another package.
    This may mean that the package is missing, has been obsoleted, or
    is only available from another source

    E: Package 'ia32-libs' has no installation candidate

I want the home screen to appear. Any help is greatly appreciated.

On a 64 bit system you need the 32 bit libraries for the Android SDK:

For Ubuntu 13.04 or below:

sudo apt-get install ia32-libs

For Ubuntu 13.10 or above:

sudo apt-get install libgl1-mesa-dev:i386

The ia32-libs are a 32 bit compatibility package for 64 bit systems, thus only available in such. If you already have a 32 bit installation, you have to install libGL separately:

sudo apt-get install libgl1-mesa-dev

Type command

emulator-arm @Andreud

Hope this helps :)


403 Forbidden error in sudo apt-get upgrade ubuntu 17.4 Err:1 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu zesty-updates/main amd64 libqt5test5 amd64 5.7.1+dfsg-2ubuntu4~1.17.04.1
  403  Forbidden [IP: 91.189.91.26 80]
E: Failed to fetch http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/q/qtbase-opensource-src/libqt5test5_5.7.1+dfsg-2ubuntu4~1.17.04.1_amd64.deb  403  Forbidden [IP: 91.189.91.26 80]
E: Unable to fetch some archives, maybe run apt-get update or try with --fix-missing?

Yesterday I experienced the same problem with the bg. mirror on my 2 computers with Ubuntu. I tried to open http://bg.archive.ubuntu.com from the browser and received an error. Then I tried http://archive.ubuntu.com and I saw it's working.

So the solution was temporary switching from the local repository bg.archive.ubuntu.com to the central repository archive.ubuntu.com by editing of the file /etc/apt/sources.list. You can do this from the command line by using sed command in this way:

sudo sed 's/bg.archive.ubuntu.com/archive.ubuntu.com/g' /etc/apt/sources.list -i.bak

Later you can restore the original state by the command:

sudo mv /etc/apt/sources.list.bak /etc/apt/sources.list

I have gotten that problem before and it was the Firewall/Content Filtering appliance that was blocking access to some of my repo addresses. Not sure if that is a possibility for you.

I whitelisted my linux host on the Firewall/Content Filtering appliance so that it would have unrestricted access outbound.


USB drive mounts but user can't write to drive? I've got a bare bones Ubuntu 10.04 set up (xorg, openbox, usbmount). My (vfat32) stick drive mounts, and I can see what is in the one directory on the drive, but I can't write to the drive unless I use sudo. I tried the obvious step of attempting to change permissions on the drive

keith@quiet:~$ sudo chmod -R 777 /media/usb0
[sudo] password for keith:
keith@quiet:~$ ls /media/usb0
stuff
keith@quiet:~$ touch /media/usb0/readme.txt
touch: cannot touch `/media/usb0/readme.txt': Permission denied

I can be that the filesystem is incorrect. I had this before. you should mount the usb including a filesystem:
mount -t vfat /dev/USB /media/usb0
or
mount -t vfat /dev/USB /media/usb0 -o uid=YOURID,gid=YOURID
when the system does not detect the filesystem it will say permission denied because it can't write to it and it just assumes that you don't have permission.

Anyway, to add an entry into fstab it would go something like this:

Open Terminal

Type sudo mkdir /media/usbstick

Type gksu gedit /etc/fstab

Add an entry that looks like this:

UUID=3C52-C8C5 /media/usbstick vfat user,umask=000,utf8,flush,noauto 0 0

The "user" and "noauto" will allow the user to mount the device automatically when inserted.

The "umask=000" will allow read / write access to everyone.

When you're done, save fstab, exit gedit, and back in the Terminal type:

sudo mount -a

Then insert the stick and find out if I'm full of hooey


MSI-6837D laptop goes to hibernation when the lid is closed I am using Ubuntu 12.10 in my MSI-6837D laptop, when I close the lid my system goes to suspension/hibernation and I cannot bring it back.
I just want it to do nothing if I close the lid. I think something is wrong, because as you can see in the image below, I already selected the settings to do nothing when I close the lid, but is not working.

Any idea how can I fix this?

Perhaps it is a option in your BIOS.

To see if this is the case you should reboot your laptop. As soon as you see any text on the screen you should press either F1, F6 or F10 (it varies from laptop to laptop, but often is says something like "Press F1 for Options" when the laptop is booting. Then you will enter the BIOS control center.

From there you will most likely have a lot of configuration options, and they all look different depending on which laptop you are using, so unfortunately I can't give specific instructions however a such option as "Behavior when lid is closed" is probably going to be under "Power" or "Display".


How to split the disk partition having Ubuntu? I want to create partition of my Hard Disk but the partition contains Ubuntu installed in it. I have GParted installed but since the partition contains Ubuntu I can't unmount. Is there any way I can create partition without losing the files that I have and with ubuntu still lying there?

You need a live CD. Manipulating partitions can't be done while mounted unless you used LVM (and even then there could be some problems).

You can use a pendrive by using Unetbootin from unetbootin.sourceforge.net/
Simply follow the instructions, then set the boot order of your computer to have usb first, then turn the pc off, then insert pen drive, and reboot, and it will boot from the pendrive and allow you to repartition the drive


Grub menu with Windows 10 and Ubuntu 14.04 I have Ubuntu 14.04 and Windows 10 both successfully installed and operational. However, I can not get the grub menu to appear correctly and I've tried using boot repair multiple times. I've done boot repair through Windows 10 in addition to the grub.

Ubuntu does not detect Windows 10 on my system whatsoever yet it still lists Windows Recovery Environment (twice) in the boot menu, and if I select either one, the both boot to Windows 10 just fine.

Why are there two of the same entries that perform and standard boot to Windows 10 but say that it is recovery? How can I get rid of these entries and simply have an entry that says "Windows 10"?

Copy the  entries from this:

sudo cp -a /boot/grub/grub.cfg /boot/grub/grub.cfg.backup
gedit /boot/grub/grub.cfg

Copy Windows boot stanza(s) to and edit to have only entries/descriptions you want:

gksudo gedit /etc/grub.d/40_custom

Then do:

sudo update-grub

Once your manual entries work, turn off os-prober by adding this line to /etc/default/grub configuration file to get grub from adding entries automatically. You can turn on with false again if you add another system and want it to find it.

gksudo gedit /etc/default/grub

GRUB_DISABLE_OS_PROBER=true

sudo update-grub

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/MaintenanceFreeCustomGrub2Screen

It depends on what kind of partitioning you have done. First run sudo update-grub. If this does not work, you can edit the grub.cfg file to have only one entry of windows named "Windows 10" or whatever you want but do not delete any of the Ubuntu entries.

sudo gedit /boot/grub/grub.cfg

Be careful! Read online tutorials before doing anything.


Where do I find absolute beginner's help on how to use Ubuntu preinstalled on my notebook? I purchased a HP Elite notebook 2730 with an Ubuntu operating system on Ebay. I've never used Ubuntu before, and have to admit I'm only used Windows 7 before and not real computer literate. I'd like to access the internet, google and Facebook.  Not sure how to even turn it on. Can you please help me to use my HP elite notebook with Ubuntu?

Hi there and welcome to the Ubuntu community!

You can read this absolute beginners guide to help you out. It covers all the essential parts to get you started.


Ubuntu 16.04 freezes during shutdown I have recently installed Ubuntu 16.04. Today suddenly I am seeing that it freezes during shutdown. I have no idea why this is happening.

The launchpad discussion (linked below) has several suggestions you may find work for you.  Assuming your cause is the same, it is suspected that swap and/or systemd are the issue.  Try these possible fixes:

sudo systemctl reboot

(works occasionally for me, but not 100% of the time)

sudo swapoff -a

or even a combination of the two

sudo swapoff -a && sudo systemctl reboot

Though, when I tested this, the swapoff part took > 10 mins anyway.  For shutdown, replace 'reboot' with 'poweroff.'

As a side note, I have had this same issue on my PC from Ubuntu 15.04 through the current 16.04.  It is possibly connected to how long the computer has been in use.  If it's been on a while, it will take a really long time to shut down or reboot (10 mins or more on a black screen or screen with a cursor).

I have found this issue reported a few places that you may find helpful:

15.04 laptop won't shutdown

Extended discussion on Launchpad

I'm a newbie.  I have an old Inspiron E1405 with unresolved internal wireless issues and no installed Bluetooth.  I have an external USB wireless device instead. I tried a bunch of posted answers which didn't work re restart and shutdown.

However... someone talked about BIOS settings so I looked there. I made a few changes and now it seems to work. Changes I made in the BIOS were:

I placed startup in auto, not simple.
I turned Bluetooth off in settings.
I shut off the wireless in the BIOS too, because I was using an external wireless USB dongle instead.

I think that was all I did, but now it seems to work. Who knew? It still is booting up well and shutting off and restarting well.


ACPI issue, help to fix broken DSDT on an HP Pavilion DV6-6008el I'm having a hard time fixing the ACPI subsystem of an HP laptop (Pavilion DV6-6008el, Ubuntu Natty 64-bit).

I can boot only if acpi=off is specified as kernel parameter in grub, otherwise blank screen and system hanging. Both blank screen and ACPI disabled are not acceptable. There is another similar question by me on Ask Ubuntu with other details.

I was able to find good docs about how to debug ACPI; particularly useful is this technique: if decompiling and recompiling a DSDT table the compiler gives an error, well... the table is broken and this could be the reason for the boot failure. Next step is fix the code, compile and override the system DSDT with the fixed one (recompiling the kernel or building the custom DSDT into an initrd). This is the procedure:

# apt-get install acpidump
# dump a system's ACPI table with DSTD signature to an ASCII file
sudo acpidump -t DSDT > dump

# convert ASCII acpidump output to raw binary table. Creates DSDT.dat, binary.
acpixtract dump

# apt-get install iasl
# disassemble AML to ASL, creates DSDT.dsl
# (AML: ACPI Machine Language, binary. ASL: ACPI Source Language, source)
iasl -d DSDT.dat

# recompile AML in assembler (-ta) or C (-tc) hex table. -vr disables remarks.
iasl -vr -tc DSDT.dsl

Oops, iasl intel compiler complains:

DSDT.dsl    37:     External (\TNOT)
Error    4057 -                    ^ Name already exists in scope (\TNOT)

DSDT.dsl 11050:     Method (PAPR, 0, NotSerialized)
Warning  1088 -                ^ Not all control paths return a value (PAPR)

DSDT.dsl 12566:     Method (_CRS, 0, NotSerialized)
Warning  1088 -                ^ Not all control paths return a value (_CRS)

DSDT.dsl 12566:     Method (_CRS, 0, NotSerialized)
Warning  1081 -                ^ Reserved method must return a value
                                 (Buffer required for _CRS)

ASL Input:  DSDT.dsl - 12748 lines, 424447 bytes, 5910 keywords
Compilation complete. 1 Errors, 3 Warnings, 8 Remarks, 20 Optimizations

Here is the full table source (36kb).

Any help to fix the issue, error and warnings, is greatly appreciated. Many thanks.

Useful resources

Advanced Configuration and Power Interface Specification V4, 2010
(ch 18 ASL ref, ch 19, AML spec)
Index of /doc/Documentation/acpi (kernel.org)
Linux/ACPI Overview - superseded by LessWatts.org, Saving Power on Intel systems with Linux
ACPICA (ACPI Component Architecture)
HOWTO Fix A Buggy DSDT File (ubuntuforums.org)

You could try installing the fglrx drivers and tweaking the acpi options with aticonfig. Here is the link to the unofficial AMD wiki http://wiki.cchtml.com/index.php/Main_Page. It has helped me a lot. Please let me know if this helps. Thanks

You could do a sudo modprobe fglrx then if it gives the same error then you might have to reboot. Please let me know if this helps. Thanks


My ubuntu 16.04 does not shutdown I recently installed ubuntu 16.04 alongside windows 7 in my pc and all the features in it are working fine but when I click on shutdown it gets stuck on the violet screen with ubuntu written on it and even the dots stop blinking.
I then tried to clean install it again but the problem still persists.

try sudo shutdown OR sudo reboot if you want to restart, in a terminal.

if you cannot access terminal for some reason, then press Ctrl+Alt+F1 then login using your user name and password, then use sudo shutdown again.

if you want to return back to your desktop screen press Ctrl+Alt+F7

The issue could be related to nvidia driver if you have one. Try to update nvidia drivers like that:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-x-swat/x-updates
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-current

This solution worked for me.
Source: https://askubuntu.com/a/150121/571419


Why doesn't the authorized_keys file stop SSH from promting me with "The authenticity of the host  can't be established"? I have created 2 key pairs using ssh-keygen, one on the server and one on the client.

I then added the server's public key to the client's $HOME/.ssh/authorized_keys file, and vice-versa.

When I try to ssh from the client to the server, I'm still greeted with the

The authenticity of host <host> can't be established
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:<hash>

Why does this happen? I would expect in the presence of public keys the authentication of the host could be established. Also I have not created a ECDSA key myself, only RSA ones. Is this a build-in key?

You're confusing verification of a server with its host key (done by the client) with authentication of a ssh user login (done by the server).

The authenticity of the host is verified on the client with the host key. This should prevent possible MITM attacks pretending to be your server. The host keys are saved on the server in /etc/ssh/ssh_host*key and on the client in ~/.ssh/known_hosts file.

Connecting to a server using ssh -vvv shows this:

debug1: Server host key: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256 SHA256:fYR10r/RKXIzOmJYbgbDi29E10oW7MLjto2plpALaBY
debug3: hostkeys_foreach: reading file "/home/xxxx/.ssh/known_hosts"
debug3: record_hostkey: found key type ECDSA in file /home/xxxx/.ssh/known_hosts:69
debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys from xx.xx.xx.xx
debug1: Host 'xx.xx.xx.xx' is known and matches the ECDSA host key.

Server sends host key
Client searches the key in known_hosts
Client loads and verfies the key

You don't need to manually create the host key, this is done automatically. On the client side you don't need to add the host key manually as this is done on the first connection to a server (You have to type 'yes').

When the host key changes due to new installation of the server you need to remove that key from the known_hosts file, otherwise ssh refuses to connect unless you have the -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no option set which I would not advise to do.

When you added the ssh key from your server to your clients authorized_keys file, you authorize connections from your server to your user on the client which is probably not what you want. I advise you to remove the key on the client side.

Further reading:

What is the difference between authorized_keys and known_hosts file for SSH?

You can transfer your client key to your server (you don't need to transfer server key to client) by executing:

ssh-copy-id <your-ssh-server-ip_or_hostname>

After that you can login via keypair by just ssh <your-ssh-server-ip_or_hostname>

EDIT:

And your ecdsa (elliptic curve key) is your server key, that key transfer is automatic. Have your server been reinstalled, thus having a new server key?

you can remove your server key from client by executing:

ssh-keygen -R <your-ssh-server-ip_or_hostname>


How to block access to changing clock and date for ubuntu? My name is Daniel,
I am work in IT support. I have a problem on my finger print installed on Ubuntu. Date and time system in ubuntu can be edited by the user, so the user late to the office and change the date and time system on ubuntu.
There are any software used to block access to changing clock and date for ubuntu?
There are any solution?

Thank You.

For the GUI, you need to set Polkit rules. Adapting one of my other answers, check which Polkit actions apply:

$ pkaction | grep time
com.canonical.controlcenter.datetime.configure
org.freedesktop.RealtimeKit1.acquire-high-priority
org.freedesktop.RealtimeKit1.acquire-real-time
org.freedesktop.timedate1.set-local-rtc
org.freedesktop.timedate1.set-ntp
org.freedesktop.timedate1.set-time
org.freedesktop.timedate1.set-timezone

The org.freedesktop.RealtimeKit1 actions are not relevant here, you can ignore those and deny permission for the others. Create a .pkla file in /etc/polkit-1/localauthority/50-local.d named, say, disable-time-change.pkla, containing:

[Disable time change]
Identity=*
Action=com.canonical.controlcenter.datetime.configure;org.freedesktop.timedate1.*
ResultAny=no
ResultInactive=no
ResultActive=no

You can be more specific about which users shouldn't be able to this by replacing the * in Identity=* with the appropriate usernames or groups (unix-user:foo;unix-group:bar, etc.).

For the command line, don't give them unrestricted sudo access.

The Unity system settings for date/time appears to have root privilege, or perhaps unity-control-center datetime notifies /lib/systemd/systemd-timedated.  As an extreme solution you could rename unity-control-center and that would stop the user from making any settings including date, power, screen, etc.


Compile Dogecoin wallet I need to install and run dogecoind, but I always encounter an error with makefile.unix.
I have already installed Litecoin and it works perfectly, but Dogecoin does not. It seems makefile.unix and dogecoind in /src/ do not exist. See https://github.com/dogecoin/dogecoin/tree/master/src.

I use Ubuntu 14.04, and have done this:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get install libssl-dev libdb-dev libdb++-dev libqrencode-dev qt4-qmake libqtgui4 libqt4-dev git
sudo apt-get install libminiupnpc-dev libminiupnpc8 libboost-all-dev build-essential git  libboost1.48-all-dev

git clone https://github.com/dogecoin/dogecoin

cd dogecoin

qmake USE_UPNP=-
=> I have msg: qmake: could not find a Qt installation of ''

make
=> make: *** No targets specified and no makefile found.  Stop.

make -f makefile.unix USE_UPNP=-
=> make: makefile.unix: No such file or directory
=> make: *** No rule to make target `makefile.unix'.  Stop.

I have tried with qt4 (no targets specified and no makefile found. stop) but I get an error.

./configure
=> bash: ./configure: No such file or directory

To resolve "I have msg: qmake: could not find a Qt installation of ''", run:

apt-get install qt5-default


How to know which standard my Wi-Fi connection is currently using My laptop has capabilities for 802.11n connections.
With my previous router, I could transer data faster than 54Mb/s.
Now I have D-Link router and for some reason the maximum connection speed is 54Mb/s, which implies that the connection was established with 802.11g.
How can I check which standard (g or n) has been established? Is there any command to get that information? (nm-applet does not give any information about that in the connection information window).

The utility iw shows the used bitrate and indicates the used IEEE 802.11 standard by its listed capabilities.
Read your interface name from the iw dev output, and use it within <name>.
iw dev <name> link

Example output when associated with a legacy (non-802.11n) AP:
    tx bitrate: 36.0 MBit/s

"MCS index", indicating a 802.11n AP:
    tx bitrate: 300.0 MBit/s MCS 15 40Mhz short GI

"VHT", indicating support for 802.11ac:
    tx bitrate: 86.7 MBit/s VHT-MCS 8 short GI VHT-NSS 1

Compare this with the linux driver 802.11n table. You'll see how the example "MCS 15 40Mhz short GI" 300 MBit/s corresponds to a row within the "HT40 rates" for the "short 400ns GI" column.
To see what your wifi adapter is general capable of, independent of the AP link, run iw phy0 info (synonymous to iw list) and look for keywords like HT (802.11n) / VHT (802.11ac, (Very) High Throughput), MCS (Modulation and Coding Schemes) index number and long/short GI (Guard Interval).
For more explanations, continue with this superuser answer.

You can install WiFi Radar which  is a utility for managing, scanning, and auto-connecting to WiFi profiles.
https://wifi-radar.tuxfamily.org/
It appears to be in the Ubuntu repository
https://packages.ubuntu.com/search?keywords=wifi-radar
sudo apt install wifi-radar


How to format a USB drive? Possible Duplicate:
  How to format a USB flash drive?
  How do I clear everything (data, viruses) from a thumbdrive?

How to format a pen drive in Ubuntu?
I have this pen drive which I made bootable using some other system (OS).
But I need to format it from my Ubuntu 12.04. Please guide me.

Method #1  (The Graphical Way)

Open Disks program from dash:

Then choose your device from left. Make sure you have selected at least one volume, and click on format as below:

Method #2  (The Command-Line Way)

In case you can't get your device formatted from Method #1 try this way.

Open the Terminal (Ctrl + Alt + T)
List your block storage devices by issuing the command lsblk
Then identify your pen drive by it's SIZE. In my case its /dev/sdb

Erase everything in the pen drive (OPTIONAL):

sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdb bs=4k && sync

Replace /dev/sdb with your corresponding device.  This will take some time. It will pretend to stuck. Just be patient.
Make a new partition table in the device:

sudo fdisk /dev/sdb

Then press letter o to create a new empty DOS partition table.

Make a new partition:

Press letter n  to add a new partition. You will be prompted for the size of the partition. Making a primary partition when prompted, if you are not sure.
Then press letter w to  write table to disk and exit.

Format your new partition.

See what is your new partition with a command lsblk
In my case it is /dev/sdb1

Issue the command below to format the new volume:

sudo mkfs.vfat /dev/sdb1

Please replace /dev/sdb1 with your corresponding device.
Eject the device:

 sudo eject /dev/sdb

You can try the application called Disks Utility. It's a very handy utility which should let you format the disk, among other things. You can find it by pressing ALT + F2 and typing the name, or going to System > Administration, or I guess typing the name in unity dash.


How to alias 'git' to 'g' so that bash-completion rules are preserved? If I do this:

alias g='git'

I loose all completion rules (i.e. branches and remotes are no longer being automatically completed when I hit TAB after typing, for example g push o).

Latest bash-completion upstream moved and renamed things a bit. It's now:

source /usr/share/bash-completion/completions/git
__git_complete g __git_main

Use this in recent versions of Ubuntu (e.g. 14.04, also Fedora 22+) when you encounter:

completion: function `_git' not found

during completing.

Look at here: https://gist.github.com/scue/576310b7c6b7714aad05

wget https://gist.github.com/scue/576310b7c6b7714aad05/raw/459d46761c231f5c373c1cf496920b01bb6669d2/.bash_aliases.git -O ~/.bash_aliases.git
echo "test -e ~/.bash_aliases.git && source ~/.bash_aliases.git" >> ~/.bashrc

Enjoy!(^o^)/


How do I set default view to 'list' in Nautilus file manager? I would like to set my Nautilus "Default view" to List globally on my PC.

Is this possible, if so, how do I achieve this?

Linked Question (old)

First, reset all previous folder view preferences by deleting ~/.local/share/gvfs-metadata (source)

Next, open Nautilus and select Edit -> Preferences -> Views (tab) -> View new folders using , and change to List View:

For Gnome 2, the following should be enough:

sudo gconftool-2 --direct --config-source xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.defaults --type string --set /apps/nautilus/preferences/default_folder_viewer list_view

Other possible values are icon_view and compact_view

For Ubuntu 12.04 and similar Unity-based UI, edit /usr/share/glib-2.0/schemas/org.gnome.nautilus.gschema.xml file: find the default-folder-viewer key and replace its <default> tag value by 'list-view'


Ubuntu 12.04 LTS 32bit does not detect 4Gb ram I have recently installed 4Gb of ram for an existing 12.04 32bit Ubuntu. It's not being recognised, only 3.2Gb is showing, See:

administrator@Root2:~$ free
             total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached
Mem:       3355256    1251112    2104144          0      48664     391972
-/+ buffers/cache:     810476    2544780

System is PAE capable, See:

administrator@Root2:~$ grep --color=always -i PAE /proc/cpuinfo
flags       : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe nx lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts aperfmperf pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm lahf_lm dts
flags       : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe nx lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts aperfmperf pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm lahf_lm dts

The system us fully patched and tried to run manual PAE upgrade, See:

administrator@Root2:~$ sudo apt-get install linux-generic-pae linux-headers-generic-pae
[sudo] password for administrator:
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
linux-generic-pae is already the newest version.
linux-headers-generic-pae is already the newest version.
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  language-pack-zh-hans language-pack-kde-en language-pack-kde-zh-hans
  language-pack-kde-en-base kde-l10n-engb kde-l10n-zhcn
  language-pack-zh-hans-base firefox-locale-zh-hans
  language-pack-kde-zh-hans-base
Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.

I am not sure what else to try to recognise the full physical memory installed other than loading 64bit.
Any thoughts?
Thanks!

output of uname -r

administrator@Root2:~$ uname -r
3.2.0-24-generic-pae

@fossfreedom - Problem has been fixed by upgrading the BIOS to the most recent one. Thanks for the hint!
See available memory output after the change:

administrator@Root2:~$ free -m
             total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached
Mem:          4026       1105       2921          0         45        311
-/+ buffers/cache:        748       3278

32Bits only goes till 3.2GB of ram. You should upgrade to 64-Bit if you want to take the full advantage of your memory


How to check if a virtual package is installed? In the following question there is a solution to checking for a package prior to installing it:

How do I check if a package is installed on my server?

However, I have found that this does not work for Virtual Packages.

Is there a way to traverse the package name that apt-get automatically select and check for the correct one?

Apt will not install a virtual package unless there is only one provider for it. If another package depends on a virtual package, it usually also names a real package as an alternative (i.e. build-essential depend on "libc6-dev | libc-dev" - the second being a virtual package).

Virtual packages are not installed, thus you cannot check their status. You can use apt-cache showpkg <pkg-name> to view which packages provide the virtual package, and then check whether any of these are installed.

You can query the database of installed packages for packagename with

dpkg -l packagename

And you can list all the files in packagename with

dpkg -L packagename

Read man dpkg for more information, like how to use wildcards.


BT dongle - ASUS USB-BT400 not working I run on one problem. My USB Bluetooth dongle ASUS USB-BT400 is not working.
I'm googling whole day for some clues, but without success. Could you please help me?

USB deviace is properly found:

lsusb:
Bus 001 Device 002: ID 8087:0020 Intel Corp. Integrated Rate Matching Hub
Bus 002 Device 002: ID 8087:0020 Intel Corp. Integrated Rate Matching Hub
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 001 Device 008: ID 0b05:17cb ASUSTek Computer, Inc.
Bus 001 Device 007: ID 17ef:4816 Lenovo

But when I try to hciconfig, I don't get any output.

I tried it with some old BT dongle, and that worked... But I need to use especially this one because of BT4.0 support.

According to this: http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-bugs/2013-September/053719.html
It uses BCM20702A chipset, which should work under Linux, but maybe it's not properly recognized with this device? (Same issue, which is described in the linked site)

I will appreciate any help.

I e-mailed Asus support to see if the Asus Bluetooth BT-400 was compatible with Ubuntu.  They were no help so I took the chance and ordered one.

I wanted to use this on an older Toshiba Laptop to connect my Motorola S9-HD Headset that is generally connected to my phone for hands free driving.  It works great with 12.10 and 13.10.  I have also tested this on my towers at home that is running 13.10.

I used the bluetooth setup wizard in system settings.  There is one hitch. I have to turn off the Bluetooth on my phone.  If my head set is connected to the phone it will NOT connect to the another device.

Unfortunately I don't have another Bluetooth device to this with.

I hope this helps.

I was able to setup properly this device. The solution can be found here

Tested on ubuntu 18.04


Ubuntu and Windows 7 are installed in same Drive, is it safe? I installed, Ubuntu using windows installer in Windows 7 OS, will it create any problem, if I create partition of same drive.

The Windows-based Ubuntu Installer (Wubi) allows you to install and uninstall Ubuntu from within Microsoft Windows. It lets a Microsoft Windows user try Ubuntu without risking any data loss due to disk formatting or partitioning.

Source: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Wubi

No, it wont make any problems, and you are not really creating another partition.

I have both Linux and and 2 installs of Windows 7 (in both 32 and 64-bit versions) installed on my desktop.

The 32-bit version of Windows 7 shares the same physical drive as Linux, but obviously on different partitions. The Windows 7 64-bit version is installed on another drive.

For linux I have 3 partitions:

A filesystem partition,
A swap partition, and
One for data.

I use a utility by diskinternals to manipulate Linux files from within Windows 7.
This setup is quite stable. However, earlier versions showed some problems.


Windows 7 Blue Screen then restart after loading from GRUB I have Ubuntu dual booting Windows 7 and after repairing GRUB and a few Windows Updates, now Windows 7 just goes to blue screen upon loading from GRUB then restarts.  Is there any way to fix this?

I'm using Ubuntu 12.04 32bit.

EDIT: For something I can't get them to cooperate with each other. I've reinstalled GRUB so many times it hurts, and every time I do, I can't run Win 7 from the GRUB loader - it loads to logo then restarts.. And when I run bootrec.exe /fixmbr, bootrec.exe /fixboot and bootrec.exe /rebuildbcd I can load Windows but then GRUB goes away...

I was posting this as a comment but it's too lengthy to fit, so I'm posting this as an answer.  I really don't know if this will do the job, as it's usually used for Windows boot problems and not because of a BSOD.

But since you just can't boot into Windows at all without getting the BSOD, this might be worth a try.  (I found these instructions years ago, and don't remember where I got them or whom to credit.)  After running this, if it works and you can boot into Windows again, you'll need to boot Ubuntu from a live CD and reinstall Grub.

How to repair and reboot to Windows 7:

Insert the Windows 7 System Repair DVD or Installation DVD and reboot.
Select the correct keyboard input method and click "Next".

Note: If you are using the Windows7 Install DVD then at the 'Install Now' prompt (Do not pick the Install Now option) instead choose the 'Repair your computer' option located in the lower left of the dispay.
The System Repair tool will search for a valid operating system and will report that "Windows found problems with your computer's startup options. Do you want to apply repairs and restart your computer?"
Click "Repair and restart" and reboot again to the Windows 7 System Repair environment.
Click "Next" at the keyboard selection prompt and when the "System Recovery Options" screen appears verify that the "Use recovery tools that can help fix problems starting Windows" is selected.
Note that on your Dual Boot system there now should be only one operating system listed. Click the "Next" button.
Now from the menu list select the "Command Prompt" option.
At the DOS prompt type the following three commands:

bootrec.exe  /fixmbr
bootrec.exe  /fixboot (may return an 'Element not found' message)
bootrec.exe  /RebuildBcd

Close the command prompt window and click the "Startup Repair" option.
The repair process may take some time, so wait until the process completes at which point you will see two messages "Windows cannot repair this computer automatically" and "Startup Repair cannot repair this computer automatically".

These messages are the result of the radical changes made by removing the other drive. Ignore the Send/Dont send options.
Close this message window by clicking on the X in the upper right corner of the Send/Dont send window. Next click on the "View advanced options for system recovery and support" option and from the main menu once again click "Startup Repair".

This time the repair process may only that a few seconds and when prompted "Startup Repair could not detect a problem", click "Finish"  and run the "Startup Repair" option one more time, click "Finish", and then remove the System Repair DVD and click "Restart".  Reboot the computer.

Do you see any Windows branding before the BSoD? I don't think someone will be able to answer you confidently, rather; suggest things it could be.

The fact that you're getting a BSoD leads me to think that you've changed something more to do with the hard drive than boot order/loaders. Did you move this storage drive from one computer to another? Did you have another drive connected that isn't any more (i.e. Win7's boot sector)?


How can I open binary Android ROM image files? (.img) I'm a Windows/Mac/Ubuntu and Android user, so I know what I'm talking about, when I say: How do I open binary image files? (.img) They just won't open, on any OS…

I'm an Android dev… I'm currently working on a ROM, (I also program, using Windows) but I need to extract files, from .img files. I've converted them to .ext4.img but they just aren't recognized by Linux (Definitly not by Android), by Mac OS or Windows. In other words, I can't open, extract or mount them.

Can anyone help me? I'm kinda confused…

Update: See stackoverflow.com - Mount Android emulator images

Short Answer is, there are 3 types:

Regular filesystem images, that can be mounted with -o loop option
YAFFS2 filesystem images, which currently cannot be mounted in Ubuntu and have to be unpacked
EXT4 filesystem images that have been further processed by the Android toolchain and need to be converted to regular images with simg2img from the Android toolchain.

So, you have a binary image extracted from an Android device, is that correct?

What does the file command say about the file? Something like this?

$ file system.img
system.img: VMS Alpha executable

That system image is extracted via nandroid from a Samsung Galaxy i7500. Most of those old Android devices used yaffs as a file system. Knowing what you are dealing with greatly helps. (i.e. Which device are we talking about? Where is that image from?)

Converting images into other file systems will only produce garbage at best if you do not have installed support for the file system in question. Unfortunately there is no package for Ubuntu. But that question has already been asked and answered: Create yaffs2 file system on Ubuntu Server 11.10

There is also the possibility that this image is encrypted. But why would someone give you an encrypted image?

Since this is mostly about Android and you call yourself an Android Developer, please read the Android documentation, again. It's supposed to be all in there. If not ask your question at android.stackexchange.com, XDA-Developers, RootzWiki and the like. And please do not put a ROM on the net for hundreds of people to use unless you REALLY know what you are doing and you read the documentation. Doing it for fame is dangerous and bad for the users!

You could you either use the Furius ISO Mount or the AcetoneISO to mount .img files, just search them on the ubuntu software centre and install them.

Furius ISO Mount
AcetoneISO


How to configure XRDP to start  cinnamon as default desktop session I was wondering if there is a way to make Cinnamon 1.4 the default environment upon logging in to Ubuntu 12.04. I can install Cinnamon 1.4 without any problems, but I am trying to run XRDP to log in from a Windows machine and would like it to start "Cinnamon session" instead of  a Unity session by default.

The question is, How can I tell XRDP to use Cinnamon instead of Unity upon logging in?

XRDP seems to work much better than any VNC based servers.

Found this on the net, on this url: http://sigkillit.com/tag/xrdp

Customize Desktop Environment for xRDP Session

If you do not want to use the default desktop environment, you can customize it by creating a .Xclients file (X is capital!!!) in your home directory to launch the desktop environment you want and making it executable.  In order to do this, open a terminal and run one of the following commands

Gnome 3:

echo "gnome-session" > ~/.Xclients
chmod +x ~/.Xclients
sudo systemctl restart xrdp.service

Gnome Fallback:

echo "gnome-fallback" > ~/.Xclients
chmod +x ~/.Xclients
sudo systemctl restart xrdp.service

KDE:

echo "startkde" > ~/.Xclients
chmod +x ~/.Xclients
sudo systemctl restart xrdp.service

MATE:

echo "mate-session" > ~/.Xclients
chmod +x ~/.Xclients
sudo systemctl restart xrdp.service

Cinnamon:

echo "cinnamon" > ~/.Xclients
chmod +x ~/.Xclients
sudo systemctl restart xrdp.service

Xfce4:

echo "startxfce4" > ~/.Xclients
chmod +x ~/.Xclients
sudo systemctl restart xrdp.service

I must admit, I have no personal experince with XRDP. Although it might work if you followed these guidelines, to change your default desktop enviroment at login:

http://www.tejasbarot.com/2012/05/17/howto-change-default-user-session-ubuntu-12-04-lts-precise-pangolin-login-session-desktop-environment/


How can I copy the contents of a folder to another folder in a different directory using terminal? I am trying to copy the contents of a folder to another folder in a different directory using terminal.

Would somebody be able to provide me an example of the command line syntax required to achieve this?

You can copy the content of a folder /source to another existing folder /dest with the command

cp -a /source/. /dest/

The -a option is an improved recursive option, that preserve all file attributes, and also preserve symlinks.

The . at end of the source path is a specific cp syntax that allow to copy all files and folders, included hidden ones.

If there are two folders: (with write permission)

drwxr-xr-x 4 vimal vimal  4096 Sep  9 12:17 .
drwxr-xr-x 3 root  root   4096 Aug 18 14:35 ..
drwxrwxrwx 6 vimal vimal  4096 Sep  9 12:15 DATA
drwxrwxrwx 7 vimal vimal  4096 Sep  9 12:15 PORTAL

If you are inside the folder called PORTAL where you want to copy all content of another folder say DATA at the same level
then you will do

vimal@vimal-D3H:/var/www/html/PORTAL$ cp -a ../DATA/. .

You have to notice 2 dots. Last dot says copy here in present folder

and

one following /DATA/. says that all the CONTENTS inside DATA folder to be copied, and not the DATA folder itself.

If you remove this trailing "." from /DATA/

then whole DATA folder will be copied inside PORTAL(from where you are coping).


Ubuntu won't accept password I have a notebook with Ubuntu 14.04 installed...
My user is set to auto login, but everytime I need to input the password (for installing applications for example), it won't accept the actual password...
I tried to reset it in recovery, but it doesn't work too...

After booting into recovery mode, you must remember to re-mount the root filesystem as read-write, otherwise changing the password will have no effect. Follow the instructions here to reset your password: https://www.liberiangeek.net/2014/10/change-forgotten-password-ubuntu-14-04-servers/

I have faced the same problem with installing Ubuntu 16.04 and I solved it by changing the password and removing any parentheses in my password and I have used only characters and numbers and dots to separate between the characters. Now I am longing to my root account with full permission.


Sorting each column and getting their corresponding key IDs in the first row for the bottom 2 values This is my working file. (Column number and Row number are not known)

key_ID  col_1 col_2 col_3
AA      1     1     1
BB      56    2     7
CC      89    5     2
DD      7     77    7

I want to sort each column for the bottom 2 values so to find their corresponding key_ID  from the first column.

Desired Output be like

col_1  col_2 col_3
AA     AA     AA
DD     BB     CC

Use csvsql from csvkit:

paste \
<(csvsql -d ' ' -S  --query "select key_ID as "col_1" from file order by col_1 limit 2" file) \
<(csvsql -d ' ' -S  --query "select key_ID as "col_2" from file order by col_2 limit 2" file) \
<(csvsql -d ' ' -S  --query "select key_ID as "col_3" from file order by col_3 limit 2" file)

Output:

col_1   col_2   col_3
AA      AA      AA
DD      BB      CC

You should be able to install csvkit via pip:

sudo apt install python-pip
sudo pip install csvkit

tail -n +2 gives you all but the heading row

sort -k2 -n sorts on the 2nd column - repeat this with -k3 and -k4 for the other columns

head -n 2 gives you the top 2 rows

tail -n +2 test | sort -k2 -n | head -n 2

Then store the output however you need it.


How to search for files and file contents with a GUI? When I use the search function in Nautilus it only returns files with matching file names. It doesn't even support wildcards. For example, "*.txt" doesn't return anything. I would expect it to return all .txt files.

Anyway, is there a way, without using the command line, to search the contents of files, including all plain text files (.txt, .html, .css, .js, .c, .csv, .sh, .py, ...), archives (.zip, .7z, .rar, .tar, ...), office/libreoffice files (.doc, .docx, pptx, .odf, .ods, ...), and media (.mp3, .mp4, ...) meta data? The search should also have the option of setting file size, date, type, and being case insensitive.

When you use Nautilus, just click search from the top level of your home folder (i.e. where you can see all your folders laid out) and in the search box only enter .pdf (or whatever extension like .txt that you want to find). That's what I do and it just returned me all the pdfs in my home folder. You don't need to use a wildcard or put quotes around the search term in Nautilus search, unlike when you use search programs on the command line.

The gnome-search-tool can be used to search within files- select the home folder or the directory to be searched and then click select more options, and input your search term where it says 'contains the text.' It can be quite slow as it works without an index, but I have used it several times and it has been useful for basic searches.

Here's my solution for 1.5 terabytes of files on an external hard drive - 'cos you can search with "find - all" in the resulting XLSX nice and easy
(Does not answer the GUI question, tho - sorry)

Put this in the terminal to create a TXT file with all your folders and files

    find -ls > ~/Downloads/IndexTree.txt

afterwards, open the TXT file and replace ./ & / with "*";
also replace "user    user"   with "user *" to delineate size & date
date for this year do not show the year - gee!.
Replace "\" with space

Then open in XLS (Libre Office) column delineator "*"
Save-As XLSX - (plain XLS only does 35,000 rows - mine had 330,000 rows)
Delete first column, replace with auto number 1 thru whatever
Select all, SORT by column C & next 7 columns - goes to col G normally

And use the "find" function in Libre Office to your heart's content