How can I get magnet links for Ubuntu? Torrent files are increasingly being replaced by magnet links, "mini torrent files" in concise and plain-text form that can be simply copy pasted around. Those link to the actual .torrent file "in the BitTorrent cloud", without relying on servers that may be temporarily overtaxed ("OMG NEW UBUNTU MUST GET NOW") or simply offline.

Does Canonical offer magnet links for their Torrent distributions? Where can one find them?

The literal answer is that Ubuntu doesn't list its torrents as magnet links.

However they do offer something very close: http://torrent.ubuntu.com:6969/ lists all of their torrent's info hashes, which is the main piece of information a magnet link contains. If you paste one into Transmission's "Add URL" entry, Transmission will add it and start looking for peers via DHT, just as it would a magnet link.

Canonical makes the .torrent file for the various ISO install images available for download. You can download the .torrent file for an install image, as well as various other download meta-files and the actual ISO images files, on the Ubuntu Releases page organized by release.

For example, here is the link for the page of the most frequently downloaded files for Ubuntu 12.04 LTS. The first line of a "most frequently downloaded" page for a release also contains a link to the list of download mirrors and a link to a page where you can download other images, including DVDs and source CDs.

I personally have not seen a magnet link for an Ubuntu ISO image torrent on a Canonical site. I think they don't bother with them since it is debatable whether doing so would result in a meaningful (i.e. noticeable) performance improvement.

The .torrent files for the Ubuntu ISOs tend to be quite small. Typical .torrent files sizes appear to be well under 40 KB for a CD ISO and under 100 KB for a DVD ISO. This is roughly the size of a small to medium sized image file. It is highly unlikely that the Canonical servers will be overtaxed by downloads of these files.

A more likely problem is that the servers hosting the web pages containing the download links for the .torrent files will be hard to access on high volume days. I don't see how adding magnet links could help with that. One would still have to access the (overtaxed) Canonical server hosting the web page which contained the magnet link to use the magnet link.


Can't log in to ubuntu 12.04 I can't log in to my ubuntu 12.04. Once I login I got returned back to the original screen after a trial to enable X11 Forwarding.

Can you help me with this.

I haven't tried to enable X11Forwarding, but I used to have the same problem. You can fix this in a few steps:

When you get to the graphical login screen, hit Ctrl+Alt+F2, thus you get to a textual login.
Put in your name and password (password is not displayed when you type, neither as stars or bullets).
Type sudo apt-get install gdm and hit enter, give your password and wait to get a line ending with a dollar sign again.
Type sudo dpkg-reconfigure gdm.
Hit Enter at the first screen.
Select gdm in the list you get in the second screen with the arrow keys.
Hit the Tab button (above the caps lock one). Now you see the word Ok highlighted. Hit Enter.
Type sudo reboot and hit enter. You'll get another graphical login screen, but you'll be able to log in!

P.S.:

If you are used to running some programs like ifconfig or others which are administrative ones from a terminal emulator (e.g. gnome-terminal) you'd better add a line like PATH="$PATH:/sbin:/usr/sbin" at the end of the .bashrc file in your home directory. You can do it with echo 'PATH="$PATH:/sbin:/usr/sbin"' >> ~/.bashrc.
If you want to change back to the other graphical login screen from time to time and see if it was bug-fixed and it works again you can run sudo dpkg-reconfigure gdm and select lightdm and reboot (doesn't look like it works if you just run sudo pkill X).

Log in to bash, (Ctrl+Alt+F1)

$passwd
$newpasswd
$newpasswd

You are good to go now!
that's what solved my issue.


How do I force Wubi to download and install 32 bit version? I am trying to install Ubuntu Natty beta 2 32bit with WUBI, but whenever I try to install it always tries to download 64 bit version.

How do I ensure that it downloads 32 bit instead of 64 bit?

Wubi chooses 64-bit automatically if you have a 64-bit CPU. You can override it with the command line option --32bit. This option is required even if you download the 32-bit desktop CD ISO yourself and place it in the same folder as wubi.exe before running.

See the Wubi guide for more info.

When you are installing a beta version of Ubuntu, the CD images and therefore the checksums change frequently, so even if you have the 32 bit ISO it may still reject it. If you are running from a CD, disconnect from the internet or use --skipmd5check to bypass this check (in this case you should make sure you have previously run the md5 check yourself). This is not recommended for non-beta installs, in which case you should let Wubi run the MD5 check.

This is a bug. Actually I also tried to download and I downloaded 32 bit and it becomes 64 bit amd. But I am sure that my computer has 32 bit. It drives me crazy. So, finally, I saw the answer and will try to disconnect from internet as well.


How do I type on the next line in the Terminal? I am using Ubuntu 12.10 and want to run a set of commands in the terminal, and from what i see in the instructions, these commands each start on a new line. I don't know how to do this in the terminal. I can't find what key to press to do the carriage-return to the next line.

As Web-E explains the most direct way to do what you want with two different commands, I thought I'd show that there are a number of ways to execute multiple commands or to continue commands onto another line without immediately executing them.

Continuing long commands:

1) The most common way to construct one long command is to enter your commands, then use a backslash \, press return, and then Bash will provide another prompt for you instead of executing the command. This secondary prompt is called PS2 and waits for your input:

find /home/mike/Downloads -type f -iname '*.jpg' \
>

You can keep on adding backslashes and pressing return as long as you want, as long as you think the overall command will make sense.

You can cancel this secondary prompt with the usual Ctrl+C.

2) Bash recognises some commands such as for loops (for i in....) and the prompt will appear immediately; just as it will if you miss a quotation mark off a command:

apt-cache search 'libgimp*
>

Multiple Commands:

3) As Lxnslck notes, you can separate commands with semicolons:

which vlc; whereis vlc

/usr/bin/vlc
vlc: /usr/bin/vlc /etc/vlc /usr/lib/vlc /usr/bin/X11/vlc /usr/share/vlc /usr/share/man/man1/vlc.1.gz

4) Or you can use the ampersand && to join two commands:

./configure && make

Back slash (\) and Enter is what you're looking for.
Example:
Shell:> command --param1 paramValue \
--param2 paramValue \
--param3 paramValue \

When you press 'enter' after a '\' it will continue the command, but on a new line.


Wine installation not completing due to held broken packages I'm running Ubuntu 12.04 64bit and I want to install wine.  This is the output of sudo apt-get install wine:

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 wine : Depends: wine1.4 but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

I spend 4 hours and I have not made any progress. I don't get it. Here is how the dependencies looks like:

wine -> wine1.4
wine1.4 -> wine1.4-amd64
wine1.4-amd64 -> wine1.4-common
wine1.4-common -> wine1.4

I see a problem here.

Please help me.

Type in terminal

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get purge wine*
sudo apt-get install -f

You can install wine after it.

Update the package index:
sudo apt-get update
Install wine deb package:
sudo apt-get install wine


Can I add logic to unattended-upgrades? I'd like to add some logic to unattended upgrades, but am unsure how to do so.  Here's what I'd like to do: If there are security updates, run command exampleCommand1, then proceed with updates. If no reboot is required after updates are installed, run command exampleCommand2 followed by exampleCommand3.  If reboot is required, run command exampleCommand4, then reboot.

Reboot is required only after if you want to update kernel by running the command "apt-get dist-upgrade" other upgrades do not require reboot of server. This "apt-get dist-upgrade" updates your system only if there is new kernel available.


how to send content using postfix? I need to be able to send the content of two files via email at the same time. I can now send it as two separate emails.

I was able to send the content of one file via one mail message like this:

mail -s "numeric data" eg@example.com < /home/num1.txt

How do I send the content of 2 files at the same time ?

If I use it like this:

mail -s "numeric data" eg@example.com < /home/num1.txt /home/num2.txt

It will send only the first content and edit the second file.

There are a number of different ways of combining the two files into one input stream but I'd personally rather have them attached as two separate files:

mail -s "numeric data" destination@example.com -A ~/num1.txt -A ~/num2.txt

You can give a try to multiple files input redirection as the following:

mail -s "numeric data" eg@example.com < /home/num1.txt < /home/num2.txt


Ubuntu 14.04 doesn't detect BT devices I have a Lenovo B5400 with Windows 8 and Ubuntu 14.04 in dual boot.
My bluetooth works well under Win but with Ubuntu it is not able to detect any device. hcitool scan does a scan but doesn't detect anything

hciconfig --all:

BD Address: A4:DB:30:9E:43:BB  ACL MTU: 820:8  SCO MTU: 255:16
    UP RUNNING PSCAN ISCAN
    RX bytes:901 acl:0 sco:0 events:42 errors:0
    TX bytes:994 acl:0 sco:0 commands:42 errors:0
    Features: 0xff 0xff 0xff 0xfe 0xdb 0xff 0x7b 0x87
    Packet type: DM1 DM3 DM5 DH1 DH3 DH5 HV1 HV2 HV3
    Link policy: RSWITCH HOLD SNIFF PARK
    Link mode: SLAVE ACCEPT
    Name: 'ubuntu-0'
    Class: 0x700100
    Service Classes: Object Transfer, Audio, Telephony
    Device Class: Computer, Uncategorized
    HCI Version: 4.0 (0x6)  Revision: 0xb
    LMP Version: 4.0 (0x6)  Subversion: 0x8723
    Manufacturer: Realtek Semiconductor Corporation (93)

rfkill list
1: tpacpi_bluetooth_sw: Bluetooth
    Soft blocked: no
    Hard blocked: no
2: hci0: Bluetooth
    Soft blocked: no
    Hard blocked: no

Do you see any anomalies?

Workaround: You need to have Windows installed. Start Windows, then switch OFF bluetooth, shut down. Start Ubuntu, switch on bluetooth. Now you should be able to see BT devices.


touchscreen gestures just move mouse I am running Lubuntu 14.10, and my touchscreen does not function properly, it does not seem to recognize any gestures.

Where I expect it to scroll on a swipe, it just moves the mouse pointer. It always moves the mouse pointer and does nothing else.

I vaguely remember that in the beginning gestures used to work and I perhaps installed something that disabled this.

I have synclient TouchpadOff=1 in my .profile, I thought that this is the cause, but it does not seem so.

You can find your settings by entering synclient -lin your terminal.
If you want to enable the two finger scroll down.  Make sure that HorizTwoFingerScroll=1
Look here for more information.  https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Lubuntu/Mouse#Touchpad_settings


after installing nvidia-current via jockey on 12.10 i only see my desktop but not the unity interface Possible Duplicate:
  Desktop does not show when I installed nvidia drivers!

I also tryed to install via the x-swat ppa but there are no quental packages yet.

how can i install nvidia-current

Seems I have the same problem. How extremely disapointing.

By Running:
sudo apt-add-repository ppa:ubuntu-x-swat/x-updates
and then
sudo apt-get update  Warn that there are no quental packages yet.

Exactly like the original poster said.

If Anyone has a solution I am pretty desperate. The original drivers, make the text on my screen go all jumbled.

Cheers

did U install this way ?

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:ubuntu-x-swat/x-updates

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install nvidia-current

if U did U need a reboot and then

glxinfo | grep OpenGL

to control that it was installed corectly


Problem Installing MS fonts for Libre Office @ Ubuntu 14.04 codename Trusty MY FIRST STEP IN THE TERMINAL:

aivinor@mcph:~$ sudo apt-get install ttf-mscorefonts-installer
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  imagemagick-common liblqr-1-0 libmagickcore5 libmagickcore5-extra
  libmagickwand5 libnetpbm10 linux-headers-3.13.0-32
  linux-headers-3.13.0-32-generic linux-image-3.13.0-32-generic
  linux-image-extra-3.13.0-32-generic netpbm
Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them.
The following extra packages will be installed:
  cabextract
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  cabextract ttf-mscorefonts-installer
0 upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 32 not upgraded.
Need to get 70.6 kB of archives.
After this operation, 282 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y

MY SECOND STEP:

 WARNING: The following packages cannot be authenticated!
          cabextract ttf-mscorefonts-installer
   Install these packages without verification? [y/N] y
   0% [Connecting to 172.16.19.10 (172.16.19.10)]
   Err http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/universe cabextract amd64 1.4-4

AT THIS POINT I FACE A NUMBER OF ERRORS THAT CLAIM INABILITY TO CONNECT TO 172.16.19.10 AS CONNECTION TIMED OUT - I HAVE NO INTERNET PROBLEMS
SAYS FAILED TO FETCH AND HAS LINKS SUCH AS

in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/multiverse ttf-mscorefonts-installer all 3.4+nmu1ubuntu1
in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/c/cabextract/cabextract_1.4-4_amd64.deb

in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/multiverse/m/msttcorefonts/ttf-mscorefonts-installer_3.4+nmu1ubuntu1_all.deb

LAST LINE IS:

E: Unable to fetch some archives, maybe run apt-get update or try with --fix-missing?

The problem seems to be related with network connection.

So, first check if your PC is connected to your router:

ifconfig

The above command will show you PC network interfaces. Now look at the command output and search the inet addr. It should be in the second line of one of your connected interface (under something like eth0 or wlan0 depending if your are connected via cable or through WI-FI). If the value of your inet addr is similar to 172.16.x.x your PC is in the same network of your router.

If it is not so you have to reconnect to your router. You can do this with Network Manager.

Now you can check the connection between your PC and your router with this command:

ping 172.16.19.10

If it works you can check connectivity with internet:

ping www.google.com -c 8

If also this works, you can install fonts as suggested by @mikeymop:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-restricted-extras

If ping command didn't work it means 2 things:

ICMP packets cannot be sent over your network or out of it.
You can't reach your router or external server (e.g. www.google.com)

In the first case you could try to check your connectivity directly running

 apt-get update

In the other case you can try to reboot your router and you have to hope that all things will work after.

I hope this could help you.

Have you tried

$sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install ubuntu-restricted-extras

This package, includes the Microsoft fonts


Encrypt usb ntfs hard drive? Is it possible to fully encrypt an ntfs usb hard drive from Ubuntu 15.10 without erasing the data on it?
Will I have to have a decryption program installed if I want to run it from a windows machine?

NTFS can only be properly handled by Windows. It would be best to use a Windows machine to encrypt it.


How do I get Bibletime 2.91 running on 12.04? I would like to install the latest version of Bibletime (2.9.1) on my computer because the version in the official repositories (2.8.1) has a bug with the "Mag" feature. I had installed 2.9.1 on 12.04 32 bit through one of the following ppa's:

ppa:pkgcrosswire/ppa
ppa:pkgcrosswire/developer-testing

Now on an Ubuntu 12.04.1 64 bit, I'm getting a dependency issue. It seems that it depends on libsword8 but it should actually depend on libsword9 which is available in the repositories. See http://sword-dev.350566.n4.nabble.com/Ubuntu-12-04-td4577002.html

Can someone help me install this app please?

EDIT: apt-get install -f bibletime yields the following:

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 bibletime : Depends: libsword8 (>= 1.6.2+dfsg) but it is not installable
             Depends: bibletime-data (= 2.9.1-0ubuntu0~r70~precise1) but 2.9.1-1~ppa2~precise is to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

Was able to find the library at:

https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/precise/i386/libsword8/1.6.2+dfsg-1

Donwload the .deb file, and install using:

sudo dpkg --install libsword8_1.6.2+dfsg-1_i386.deb

Then install BibleTime using:

 sudo apt-get install bibletime

I hope this helps

I managed to install Bibletime 2.9.1 on Ubuntu 12.04.1 64 bit. This is how:

Added the following repository deb http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian sid main
 2. In a terminal I typed sudo apt-get update
Followed by sudo apt-get install bibletime ignoring the warning messages
I removed the two software sources not to contaminate my system with other 'updates'
sudo apt-get update for the second time to clean the package cache.


Ubuntu Phone - detect system type Desktop or Mobile Is there a way to detect platform from QML or Qt C++ classes? I have Qt/QML project supplied to Linux/Android/Windows at one time, I see it's possible to deploy it to Ubuntu Phone. Is there a way to detect that project runs on Mobile not Desktop Linux from QML or Qt? As I see I can't use preprocessor directives, can't find anything about this. Please help.

In short

How can I detect when my application deployed on Ubuntu Touch or to Desktop?

I know about detecting the system using simple ping command:

TTL
64   Linux/BSD
128  Windows
255  UNIX

You can change the default TTL, but it is usually the default one.
Or try the nmap:

nmap -O

But you have to study these command (sources) to find the answer you need.


UEFI Booting With Encrypted /boot On Ubuntu 14.04 LTS I have managed to get FDE (Full disk Encryption) working quite happily on an MBR/BIOS system using a DOS partition table, I only have /dev/sda1 and /dev/sda2 for the swap and root LUKS containers respectively. This works because as of early 2014, grub2 supports encrypted /boot partitions by natively supporting dm-crypt in the part of the boot loader that gets written into the MBR. All's good.

However with UEFI is the grubx64.efi binary capable of handling dm-crypt/luks containers? I've had no joy in getting this to work. All examples I have seen have either been with /boot encrypted but using MBR/BIOS or /boot unencrypted with UEFI.

I know it's less of an issue with signed kernels and UEFI secure boot, but it still leaves the possibility open for some form of tampering (changing initramfs - or is that signed?, replacing a grub module? etc).

Please note any answers have to apply to 14.04 LTS and not 16.04 etc. If grubx64.efi missed the dm-crypt party for 14.04 then that's fine I can use MBR/BIOS. I'm just trying to find out whether this is actually possible.

Many thanks in advance,

John.

I was wondering if there is any update about the possibility to encrypt boot next to root, using EFI + Secure boot.

I found https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Dm-crypt/Encrypting_an_entire_system#Encrypted_boot_partition_.28GRUB.29

But I couldn't adapt the example to fedora 28 (didn't try ubuntu 18.04 so far).

As far as I can tell, the UEFI boot loader is not capable of using an encrypted boot area where the MBR variant is. Obviously there is less concern with UEFI as one can use secure boot and signed kernel images (more rigorously enforced in 16.04). With MBR everything can be encrypted apart from the first stage MBR based grub boot loader (something needs to decrypt root!). This could be compromised but would be much harder to do than say replacing a kernel on an unsecured UEFI system. Also remember to leave 2048 sectors at the start of an MBR disk (like the newer fdisk does) for extra room for the decrypting first stage boot loader. If you can't do this then you'll have to go for a separate unencrypted boot partition.

Hope this helps others.


How to add indicator-datetime to the panel? I'm using maverick desktop edition and I'd like to use indicator-datetime instead of the usual clock. I installed it using software center but even after restarting I don't find it in the "Add to panel" list. Maybe I'm trying to install it in the wrong way? Or should I add that indicator using terminal? If so, could you tell me how to do that? Thanks in advance!

Currently your indicator menus are loaded by either indicator-applet or indicator-applet-session, and none of those show the indicator-datetime menu.  You can replace those 2 applets, plus the old clock applet by 1 single applet indicator-applet-complete (and you have to install that one first).  The indicator-applet-complete applet will show indicator-datetime if it's installed.

So currently you have the following applets at the right side of the panel:

| notification area | indicator-applet | clock | indicator-applet-session |

And you have to change it to:

| notification area | indicator-applet-complete |

You need to add a menu entry:

Go to ‘System > Preferences > Main Menu’
Choose ‘Accessories’ in the left-hand list
Click on the ‘New Item’ button
Choose a name and enter ‘indicator-workspaces’ for the command
Finalize by clicking the ‘Add’ button


Why does apt-get require sudo? This is probably a stupid question, but I recently realized that I have no idea why there's no single-user functionality with apt-get.

Answers I'm not looking for:

"It's because apt writes to system-level directories". This is the surface-level why, but I'm looking for a level deeper. Is there something fundamentally blocking a single-user environment (a la pip + virtualenv)?
"You can just build from source". This is a workaround, but does not address my question. I don't want to fix a short-term issue, and I have root access on all of my machines anyway.

Why does apt-get require sudo?

Not always. You can perfectly use apt-get without sudo. There are instances where you don't need sudo at all, like using apt-get download which downloads a package to your current directory, apt-get source which downloads the debian sources files to your current directory, changelog which downloads and prints the changelog of a given package, and any command which has the --simulate/--dry-run/--no-act (in the case of install you need also --no-download).

This is because these actions/commands doesn't require to write system directories.

Now, why apt-get needs sudo? Actually it doesn't. You can ditch apt-get, download a package with wget and use dpkg --extract and extract the package in whatever directory you like. There's also --instdir which should work for binary only package.

Now, why this isn't the default? Because it's a pain. To do what you want, we would need to repackage each package twice, one for the right way, and another to do what you want. At build, binaries normally need to know where are the files and libraries they need (in some cases, this is hardcoded at compilation).

Now, what you can do instead? Just chroot some environment a la virtualenv, where you can install packages without root.

Summary, this is not the way that apt-get was meant to be used, and I don't know another package manager similar to apt-get which allows you to do that. At the end of the day, apt-get is just a front-end to dpkg which could do some of this.

Cause it editing files that are chmodded so you cant use them. You might be able to chmod them so you cant I dont reccomend doing that though


Bluetooth Mouse Paired but not working I managed to pair my generic bluetooth mouse with my Ubuntu 15.04.
But it doesn't seem to work just yet, although the bluetooth settings says that I am connected with the mouse and the mouse's laser is responding, I the pointer is not moving at all.

Does mouse work with other machines?  If so, then it's an issue with Ubuntu.  To solve that, connect your wired and wireless mouse BOTH to the machine, and see if either of them works.  If the wired mouse works, then it sounds like you have need to find a driver for the wireless.  If the wired doesn't work, then it sounds like Ubuntu is doing a mini-crash when you connect your bluetooth mouse.

If it doesn't work with other machines, return it.


LibreOffice Writer: how to set a custom background color for a table cell I have odt documents that use the following colors for cell background in tables: 0xffff99, 0xccff99, 0xe6e6ff. Since my most recent "sudo apt upgrade", these colors do not appear anymore in the palette shown under Table / Properties / Background Color / Cells. I can see that, in selecting the highlight color for text, not only are there many palettes available, but it allows the user to specify a custom color such as the above mentioned hexadecimal values. Most unfortunately, this cannot be done to set background color for table cells, or at least I can't find a way to do it. I'm using LibreOffice 6.0.7.1 under Ubuntu 18.04 LTS. Any help would be appreciated. Thanks.

The current version of LibreOffice is 6.3.1.2 so you are in fact using an older version of LibreOffice with version 6.0.7.1. Later versions have much better colour management and will resolve your issue.

You need to install the fresh LibreOffice PPA by opening a terminal and running the command:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:libreoffice/ppa

Next, update your system sudo apt update

Then upgrade sudo apt install libreoffice

That should allow LibreOffice to be upgraded to the current version.

Now, turning to the selection of colour palate for the Table background I believe the arrangements have changed under more recent versions.

By selecting the Table in Writer and right clicking it and selecting Table Properties selecting the Background Tab then Colour you are presented with the following:

allowing you to set the cell background colour. There is a separate drop down menu for selecting whether to change Cell Row or Table.

Choose with the mouse pointer in the desired cell of the table (mouse: right-click)

table attributes
background
color

You can then choose a color, also in the hex value.


Is it possible to clean the APT cache from the command line? I ask because Ubuntu Tweak's Janitor is frozen due to the sheer number of packages in the cache that accumulated during the upgrade from 12.10 to 13.04.

sudo apt-get clean will do what you want, though it does seem odd that it would freeze based on the amount of packages in the cache.

While I could use the terminal to perform this, I'd prefer the GUI.

In Synaptic , go to Settings → Preferences → File tab. Choose only delete packages that are no longer available and you're done.

You can also use Ubuntu Tweak, but it takes much longer to do the job.

An update - I've been using BleachBit for some time and the Superuser version lets delete the apt-cache and a lot more.


How can I ensure that my custom written C application runs at startup? I have written a command line C application that I need to run every time the system starts up. How would I go about doing this? I have seen other questions and answers that show ways to do this for pre-installed software via visual menus but this is just a custom written binary that I need to make sure runs after every reboot. Is there any way I can do this, or must I write a shell script that runs the binary and find a way to add that to the scripts that get run at startup? I am running on 10.04.

There are couple of ways. All based on what permission you require,

Easiest one is as follows,

The following is tutorial for
 - Open startup applications from the power cog

Click on ADD

Then provide the details,

If you want to execute something each time you are logged in you have to modify your local

~/.profile

If you want to execute something each time you start a login shell you can modify your

~/.bashrc

In you case you have to add your executable to .profile and drop a new line for it, remember to add a & at the end to run this application as a separate process.

Something like

/usr/bin/gedit &


Ubuntu 18.04.4 Desktop: since last upgrade : Wired unmanaged with the previous network configuration files Last evening I made the requested packages upgrade for Ubuntu 18.04.4 Desktop. But now I'm not able to connect to the network anymore with the previous network configuration files.
These are the packages upgraded:

Here's the NetworkManager.conf file content:

$ sudo nano /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf

[main]
plugins=ifupdown,keyfile

[ifupdown]
managed=false

[device]
wifi.scan-rand-mac-address=no

Following these indications: No wired connection - Wired unmanaged ubuntu 18.04

I tried to put managed=true in /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf
and run

sudo service network-manager restart

followed by a system reboot.
But the problem still persists.

Modifying the 01-network-manager-all.yaml file:

$ sudo nano /etc/netplan/01-network-manager-all.yaml
#Let NetworkManager manage all devices on this system
network:
  version: 2
  #renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    enp3s0:
      dhcp4: no
      addresses: [192.168.1.7/24]
      gateway4: 192.168.1.1
      nameservers:
        addresses: [8.8.8.8, 8.8.4.4]

to

network:
  version: 2
  renderer: NetworkManager
  #renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    enp3s0:
      dhcp4: trye
      #dhcp4: no
      #addresses: [192.168.1.7/24]
      #gateway4: 192.168.1.1
      #nameservers:
      #  addresses: [8.8.8.8,8.8.4.4]

made the wired connection working again.

What happened due to this Ubuntu 18.04 package upgrade?

NetworkManager

Edit /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf and change "managed" back to false.

Assure that /etc/network/interfaces only contains the following active lines:

# interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8)
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

Set your /etc/netplan/01-network-manager-all.yaml back to:

network:
  version: 2
  renderer: NetworkManager

sudo netplan --debug generate

sudo netplan apply

reboot

Then configure your wired connection using the NetworkManager GUI.

I've experienced something very similar. Everything was working fine until I ran an update yesterday. Now the SMB mounts ive specified in fstab wont work properly as they used to and every so often my wired connection will fail.


windows 7 not loading after installing ubuntu 12.10 I installed Ubuntu 12.10 along side with windows. After restarting my laptop in grub it is showing 'windows 7(loader)' but an error is occurred while loading. My Ubuntu 12.10 is working great. Can any help me out with my problem.

I had the same problem. It appears that either grub2, or the way Ubuntu implemented grub2, does not detect Windows partitions properly. I had a co-worker help me with this. First get grub working. Then I added the code below in /etc/grub.d/08_custom. Then update-grub. This puts Windows above Ubuntu so it will boot by default.

If you wish to boot Ubuntu by default, modify 40_custom instead. This will create a new entry for Windows along with the useless entry that was originally found. Select the custom entry to boot Windows. My new grub.cfg is at http://paste.ubuntu.com/1368590/.

Here is the contents of my 08_custom:

# This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries.  Simply type the
# menu entries you want to add after this comment.  Be careful not to change
# the 'exec tail' line above.
menuentry 'Windows 7 (customized entry)' {
    insmod part_msdos
    insmod ntfs
    set root='(hd0,msdos1)'
    chainloader +1
}

Fixing the MBR gets windows to load for sure but GRUB disappears, then fixing GRUB gets Ubuntu to load but not windows and so on ...

Never get to a situation where both can boot peacefully from GRUB


Is it possible to get a Epson AcuLaser M1400 laser printer working? I have a new Epson AcuLaser M1400 laser printer and I can't print from Linux (my system is Ubuntu 12.04 LTS.)
The Aculaser M1200 can use the use the EPL6200L driver from http://www.avasys.jp/lx-bin2/linux_e/laser/DL1.do.
And the M1400?

Just wanted to mention that starting with Ubuntu 14.04 Trusty Tahr the Epson AcuLaser M1400 is supported by default. Rick Richardsons driver "foo2hbpl" is included in version "2014-02-09" as a part of the package "printer-driver-foo2zjs" which is installed by default and provides support for the M1400 since version "2014-01-08".

I've tried it today and it works like a charm! Just plug and play!

If you're using an older version of ubuntu it's possible to manually compile and install the latest driver following the instructions from the authors of foo2hbpl.

There's no official driver for M1400, and I haven't found an unofficial yet. Only for Windows. I have the same problem, bought an M1400 so have to use Windows. I have tried several Epson drivers without any results... :(


How can I move the boot drive (ie the one with GRUB)? I have two drives and I installed Ubuntu 17.10 while my Windows 7 drive was mounted. Therefore GRUB was accidentally installed to drive with windows 7. I've been using it for months and it's working ok, but how can I move GRUB to the drive where Ubuntu is installed?

I used a program called GRUB customizer and its install to MBR option, selecting /dev/sdf (the label of my Ubuntu hard disk).

That solved the problem.

Boot into Ubuntu. Open terminal and run

sudo apt install grub-pc grub-pc-bin

If this returns that GRUB is already installed, run

sudo apt remove grub-pc grub-pc-bin

CAUTION: Do not turn off your PC after unistalling GRUB as you will not be able to boot into any OS.
Then install GRUB using given command.

Then follow on screen instructions and choose your hard disk  as a place to install GRUB

Voila GRUB is now installed on your hard drive.


How to correctly disable auto-hide in Unity 2d? Possible Duplicate:
  How do I set the launcher to always show in Unity 2d?

I'm using unity-2d in ubuntu 11.04 since 3d version is not working good in virtual machines (i use virtualbox from MacOS X). All works fine except auto-hide.

With windows and Mac OS i get user for taskbar to be permanently on the screen - so i have issued "gconf-editor" and changed auto-hide for unity from "2" to "0". This stops it from hiding, but now all windows that i start (firefox, explorer etc) completely ignores unity taskbar and alignes themself on the left side of screen as if taskbar is hidden :(.

Is it any way to fix it and make fullscreen / newly created windows to correctly align themselves on the right side of taskbar and not ignore it?

Alan's answer doesn't work on Unity 2D because it doesn't use Compize.

If I got you right this might be the solution for your question:
In gconf-editor enable "use_strut" in Unity 2D's settings (desktop -> unity-2d -> launcher). In addition Mariano Chavero has made "A simple GUI for Unity-2D Settings": http://marianochavero.wordpress.com/2011/04/20/a-simple-gui-for-unity-2d-settings-ubuntu-11-04/

Install CompizConfig Settings Manager.

sudo apt-get install
compizconfig-settings-manager
Navigate to the Ubuntu Unity
Plugin tab.
Change Hide Launcher to
    Never, and go back.
Scroll down to the Place Windows
tab.
Experiment with the Placement
Mode until you find what you are
looking for.

I don't have Unity, otherwise I would know what Placement Mode you need.


Partial upgrade - why remove MariaDB? My 12.04 system wants to run a partial upgrade, as part of which it proposes to remove certain MariaDB packages (see screenshot below). Attached is my sources.list file - I don't understand why the system should be proposing the removal of the MariaDB packages, given I have explicitly chosen MariaDB as a replacement for MySQL?

clive@cooler-master:~$ cat /etc/apt/sources.list
# deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 12.04 LTS _Precise Pangolin_ - Release i386 (20120423)]/ precise main restricted

# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to
# newer versions of the distribution.
deb http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted
deb-src http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted

## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
deb http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted
deb-src http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any
## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise universe
deb-src http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise universe
deb http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates universe
deb-src http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates universe

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in
## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu
## security team.
deb http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise multiverse
deb-src http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise multiverse
deb http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates multiverse
deb-src http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates multiverse

## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security main restricted
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security main restricted
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security universe
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security universe
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security multiverse
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security multiverse

## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's
## 'partner' repository.
## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the
## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users.
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu precise partner
# deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu precise partner

## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by third-party
## developers who want to ship their latest software.
deb http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main
deb-src http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main

# MariaDB 5.5 repository list - created 2012-09-21 09:23 UTC
# http://downloads.mariadb.org/mariadb/repositories/
deb http://ftp.heanet.ie/mirrors/mariadb/repo/5.5/ubuntu precise main
deb-src http://ftp.heanet.ie/mirrors/mariadb/repo/5.5/ubuntu precise main

# deb http://repository.spotify.com stable non-free

deb http://deb.opera.com/opera/ stable non-free

deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/yorba/ppa/ubuntu precise main
deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/yorba/ppa/ubuntu precise main

If you are trying a dist-upgrade (seems so?) it may com from Ubuntu commenting out foreign repositories while upgrading to a newer version. Besides that there shouldn't be an incident, where MariaDB is uninstalled (if it wasn't installed as a dependency) automagically.

MariaDB cover this in their article on installing deb packages, best way to fix it is by pinning the MariaDB repo. Which you can do by following these instructions: https://mariadb.com/kb/en/installing-mariadb-deb-files/#pinning-the-mariadb-repository (if you scroll up they also explain why it happens)


Drop Down terminal in Ubuntu Is there anyway to size down the drop down terminal Guake so that it doesn't take up the whole width of the screen?

Open guake-prefs via Dash or terminal or right click in your guake terminal and open Preferences.

Now you can change your settings

Make a backup:

cp /usr/bin/guake ~/Desktop/

open guake with text editor

gksu gedit /usr/bin/guake

Then search for the line that looks like this: width = 100 - this is how the code around it looks like:

screen = self.window.get_screen()
height = self.client.get_int(KEY('/general/window_height'))
width = 100
halignment = self.client.get_int(KEY('/general/window_halignment'))

And modify the width value (percentage) to whatever you want. By default, Guake is centred but you can also modify its alignment by editing line which looks like this: if halignment == ALIGN_CENTER: and replacing CENTER with LEFT or RIGHT.


How do I get a PS3 Sixasis Controller working via USB? I am trying to get a PS3 Sixaxis controller to work with Ubuntu 12.04. The ubuntu wiki page for sixaxis says to install QtSixA, which I did. The issue now is actually using the controller. I installed "SuperTux 2" to test it out. Normally, SuperTux says there is no joystick. When I plug in the PS3 Controller, and press scan, it then displays all of the controls and their assigned buttons. I can then click on a action and it will prompt me to press the button I want to assign. The issue here that pressing buttons on the controller doesn't do anything. I can't assign any of actions to a button on the controller.

The same goes for PCSX. I can configure the controller, and select the Sony Playstation(R)3 Controller from the drop down, but when I try to assign a button, pressing buttons on the PS3 controller doesn't do anything.

On the web, I see tons of guides on how to connect with Bluetooth, but my computer doesn't have a bluetooth dongle, so I just want to connect via USB.

In addition, QtSixA can see the controller too. I can "configure default profile", which I have tried, but SuperTux 2 nor PCSX react any differently...

UPDATE: Following the Ubuntu Community Guide for Sixaxis guide, I tried sudo apt-get install libusb-dev libusb-0.1-4 xserver-xorg-input-joystick, and then compiled sixpair. Running sudo ./sixpair complains about enabling bluetooth, then SuperTux 2 can't find the controller anymore when I click scan.

After reading this article, I found out I have to press the PS button to get it working... Well, that worked fine for using the controller as a POINTER device. I can now make my mouse on screen dance using the analog sticks. I am still unsure of how to get it working with SuperTux 2 and PCSX though...

When I didn't have xserver-xorg-input-joystick installed, pressing the PS button caused it connect to the PS3 in the other room as controller 2. I am very confused about what is going on right now...

I have read something about it and I think it would be better to connect PS3 controller using bluetooth directly. Take a look of this.

I have read your limitations, and I still think that you need to use bluetooth. you could Buy a Bluetooth USB dongle, they are cheap (dealextreme.com/p/…).

You need to run this command in terminal:

sudo xboxdrv --detach-kernel-driver

have a look at this.


Error removing initramfs tools (fresh install) I have seen a few other people with this issue, but they have an existing install that they can drop into to fix it. I don't!

So, I am trying to install Xubuntu 13.10 using a live USB, and in doing so I have intentionally formatted the installation partitions (all my data is safely floating in the sky). Everything seems to work until right at the very end I get the message:

Error removing initramfs-tools:
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1

The only thing I can think of is that some partition somewhere isn't big enough... I have:

sda1 /swap   512MB
sda2 /boot   56MB
sda3 /home   32GB
sda5 /var    4GB
sda6 /opt    4GB
sda7 /       31GB

Any advice at all would be welcome as at the moment I have a totally unbootable system following the attempted install. Booting to GUI hangs at the splash screen. Trying Ctrl + Alt + F1 from there does NOT give a login prompt. Booting into recovery and dropping to root shell leaves me with no partition other than sda7 and sda5 mounted, all the other partitions refuse to mount!

If I attempt to mount, for example sda2 then:

# mount -t ext4 /dev/sda2 /boot
mount: /dev/sda2 already mounted or /boot busy

Edit: Now cross-posted to http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2198405

In the end I 'solved' this by installing 12.04.3 LTS instead of 13.10.  As part of this I also 'rejigged' my partitioning schema:

sda1 /swap  swap 4GB
sda2 /boot  ext4 128MB
sda3 /var   ext4 8GB
sda5 /opt   ext4 4GB
sda6 /      ext4 16GB
sda7             16GB
sda8 /home  ext4 200GB

sda7 is unformatted free space for test installations and is where I will eventually try installing 13.10.

In any case, 12.04.3 LTS is installed and running quite happily.

Instead  of dropping into a root shell please enter dpkg or fsck or grub options from the menu and wait till it finishes. This will automatically mount the file-systems. Also enable network before dropping into root shell. Otherwise you wont be able to download the package list or any packages:

Please try the following commands:

sudo apt-get clean
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

If you still end up with the same error, try:

sudo dpkg --configure -a
sudo apt-get -f install


Boot fails after showing ubuntu screen and just sits on screen showing [OK]. Tried removing fglrx but still can't get it to go Just all the sudden compiz failed and I couldn't get it to relauch so I rebooted the system. Ever since, after the Ubuntu login screen (with 5 round circles in the middle. It just goes to the next screen which is black with various tasks displaying [OK] at the end and freezes. I've switched over to a terminal session and removed fglrx and reinstalled xorg-default drivers. This didn't help because I had a suspicion it was an issue with X. Not sure where else to go but a reinstall. Any one have any ideas to try or to get further where the boot is failing.

Of note, when I reinstalled to the open source drivers, I got a screen saying hardware not detected properly and I hit ok to continue for one session. Then froze at the same screen again so appeared not to be to open source or proprietary drivers.

Link to screenshot after startx is run:
https://www.dropbox.com/s/udo7xxfpkg79w0h/2012-07-19%2012.41.11.jpg

I had reinstalled the system but likely the stated answer of:

sudo service lightdm restart

will do the trick from having a similar error on another computer.

Just press Alt+Ctrl+Delete OR Ctrl+C it will show that Killing remaining process and book to your Profile...


How do I search a PDF file from command line? I'm checking references of a paper and want to find the positions in the body where some paper (in the references list) is referenced. Is there a PDF editor which supports search via bash and extract the context of a position? I've tried to convert PDF to text, but didn't have a good result.

Just to add to the above answer, in particular you can use a command line tool from xpdf-utils called pdftotext and then search the text document created by this tool with grep.

This might look something like this:

pdftotext document.pdf - | grep -C5 -n -i "search term"

There is more information in the manual. The only drawback to pdftotext is that you can't us globbing to transform multiple files at the same time. This problem can be overcome with a small bash script:

for f in pdf_directory; do echo $f; pdftotext $f - | grep -i "search_term"; done

If you are having problems creating a text document from a pdf due to, for example, an incompatible pdf file, then that is another problem.

I think in general, pdf editors don't include command lines because they are graphical. If you want to use bash, (or maybe zsh!) then you might have to use a terminal shell.

Good luck!

rga is a wrapper for ripgrep that is a much faster option for searching pdfs on the command line.


no unity and menubar Unity doesn't load and no menubar?

update :
I've tried solution from Unity doesn't load, no Launcher, no Dash appears.

It says I have to enable unity plugin with ccsm. It says "Loading icons".But I am able to enable the plugin and go back to TTY and the ccsm stuck on "Loading icons ...". I go back to my desktop and close the ccsm, "Loading icons..." disappear, but after I reboot, nothing happened. still no menubar and unity.

I also tried https://askubuntu.com/a/76951/437417 but stuck on

DISPLAY=:0 ccsm

it diplays nothing after i tried Ctrl+Fn+Alt+F7

I also  tried dconf reset -f /org/compiz/ from https://askubuntu.com/a/290376/437417 , but it says "cannot autolaunch D-bus without X11 $DISPLAY".

I tried Ctrl+Fn+Alt+F1 sudo service lightdm restart

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install --reinstall ubuntu-desktop
sudo apt-get install unity

from https://askubuntu.com/a/476623/437417, nothing happened.

now, what should I do? Please help me ;_;

OS : Only Ubuntu 14.04
processor : Intel core i3
graphic cards : AMD Radeon Graphics
Laptop : Lenovo  B40

You could trie this:

dconf reset -f /org/compiz
unity --reset-icons &disown

and it might work fine this way.


Only able to login to Failsafe GNOME Installed Ubuntu using WUBI, when I reboot, I'm able to login as "Failsafe GNOME" and xterm, but NOT as just GNOME. What is the likely source of the issue? Hardware, bad install, etc.?

Version: Ubuntu 10.04.1 LTS (Lucid Lynx)
WUBI (on Windows XP Pro SP3, basically all updates)
HARDWARE: PowerSpec 6245, Processor: AMD Athlon™ XP processor 2800+

When I login as GNOME, it takes the username/password, then screen goes black for 1-second, then flashes back to the login. At first I thought I forgot the admin password, but figured out I was able to login as xterm, then as Failsafe GNOME.

Any suggests? Thanks!

UPDATE (1):

From Failsafe, I'm able to change the default screen size/Hz (which is correct for the monitor) to 800x600, and then login as GNOME. If I change it back to the default via GNOME, I'm not able to login.

UPDATE (2):

Posted a follow up question focus on possible WUBI resource conflicts here. And info on a strange issue related to how changing the screen background results in the same pattern of the login failing.

UPDATE (3):

Given up on Ubuntu, don't have time for this, would delete the question, but there's too many answers. So, I'll just leave it unanswered.

Try renaming ~/.gnome2/session to something else

Effort to answer this was abandoned, thus there is no correct answer.


How to install a .tar.gz file I downloaded a file called SOURCE_SVR_Linux_38037.tar.gz, how do I install it?

It's the package for splashtop.

I'm pretty new to Linux, so please explain with detail.

Just to rank your options:

You'd be best off just installing it from the Software Center.
Second best would be from downloading one of the four "installer packages" they provide. These are .deb files and they would be a double-click-to-install process.
Lastly your choice is downloading, extracting, compiling and installing manually. The following covers your starting point: How do I install a .tar.gz (or .tar.bz2) file?

Unless you've got a really good reason to need the hardest install path, I'd just pick one of the others.

If you're in a GUI environment, double-clicking/opening the file should open with an archive manager.

If you're on command line, tar -xv <filename> will unpack it.


Cannot restart samba, samba.service is masked When I try to restart Samba, I am receiving the following error message:

Failed to start samba.service: Unit samba.service is masked.

In addition, when I run systemctl, it shows smbd.service in red showing failed.

At the same time restart began to fail, I have lost the share ability in folders created and cannot access.  Any help would be appreciated!!!

Debian and debian-derivatives changed the service name from 'samba' to 'smbd'.

Try service smbd restart.

I had the same problem for no apparent reason. Checking the logs I saw that Samba had problems with cached files (improper permissions). rm -R /var/cache/samba/* did the trick.


Anti Censorship software I live in China and daily I have to face the great firewall pain :(
On Windows/Mac/Android there are many VPN and other services but on Linux there are only a few that I know of.
Right now I am using these ones:

Tor (here works only with obfs3 bridges)
Lantern
XX-Net
ShadowSocks (you ll need a server address or configure your own server)

Usually the above programs set up a local proxy so
SwitchyOmega is to me the best way to switch between them.
ShadowSocks
It is easy to configure a server/client, if you don't have a server 'outside the firewall' one option is to
configure a Shadowssocks server on Amazon AWS: for one year amazon give you a server for free (but they will charge some small fees if you exceed the monthly data traffic).
With AWS the only issue is that you'll have to change the IP in your client configuration every time you restart the server:
you can workaround this programmaticaly with aws-cli I have shared a bash script here
Psiphon
There is an experimental version for linux but it does not work for me in China. ( the phone app works so you can use the below method to route your traffic to the pc )
Route your Android VPN to your pc
if your Android VPN is able to route all your phone traffic, You can create SSH tunnel to your phone (see)
Do you know any other software?

Opera browser has free vpn function.
Opera don't presents in official ubuntu repository but could easily downloaded from official web site www.opera.com
In Security section of settings select VPN.
In address bar of browser you can use vpn location selector.

There are a lot of ways that you could do this actually. You could just spoof your IP. I remember the ability in BackTrack but I don't remember the name.

I know that Avast has a VPN tool on window but not sure on Linux, you could look into that.

If it is just websites that you are needing to get to, like I do for StarTV, you can use a plugin from firefox called anonymoX... This allows you to change the country that your browser reports. It's how I watch my Indian TV channels.

Here is a list of sites that popped up when I searched on Google:

openVPN.net
AirVPN
Comparitech gives some recommendations on best VPN for Linux

The best one I can see from where I'm sitting is OpenVPN. Here is a guide to install it.


Ubuntu 18.04 Nautilus copy image instead of path I am used to simply COPY (Ctrl+C) an image file from the file manager and past it into a document (Slack, Google Docs etc), this is standard feature on Windows and macOS.

However on Ubuntu 18.04 and Nautilus (File 3.26.4) it copies a path like this: /home/petrvecera/Pictures/Wallpapers/tumblr_nfet2oaZ3P1tbxz68o1_1280.jpg instead of the file...

How to copy image file and not the path?

I know that I can use drag and drop but that is not as effective as simple copy and is pain to re-arrange windows. I have found this plugin https://www.maketecheasier.com/copy-paste-images-clipboard-nautilus/ however it just adds "feature" into the menu.

what I do, and I know this may seem slow but it's the "get it done approach", is I open the image in www.photopea.com or a locally installed editing app such as pinta or gimp.

Pinta : pinta

Gimp : gimp

Hit Ctrl+A, then Ctrl+C then I have it ready to paste as an image.

the plugin you mention is of 2016 and must have broken down in ubuntu 18+. you might have to signal a bug then wait for a new verison to come out or for another plugin to come out.

Xclip could get you what you wish in the meantime in a terminal-based approach :

xclip

xclip -selection clipboard -t image/png -i example.png

NOTE: Some research shows that you need xclip from SVN revision 81 (from April 2010) or later to have the required -t option. Or apply the patches yourself.

sources :

How to copy an image to the clipboard from a file using command line?
https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/145131/copy-image-from-clipboard-to-file


Ubuntu 18.04, Bluetooth is DEAD I am using ubuntu 18.04  on my ASUS-X550L laptop. In the settings it says "No bluetooth  found. Plug in a dongle to use bluetooth."  I tried sudo rfkill unblock all and systemctl restart bluetooth.service. It didn't work.

Output of
    sudo rfskill list all

0: phy0: Wireless LAN
    Soft blocked: no
    Hard blocked: no

Output of systemctl status bluetooth.service

● bluetooth.service - Bluetooth service
   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/bluetooth.service; enabled; vendor preset
   Active: inactive (dead)
     Docs: man:bluetoothd(8)

Output of lsusb; dmesg | egrep -i 'blue|firm'

Bus 001 Device 002: ID 8087:8000 Intel Corp.
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
Bus 002 Device 002: ID 04f2:b40a Chicony Electronics Co., Ltd
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
[    0.000000] [Firmware Bug]: TSC_DEADLINE disabled due to Errata; please update microcode to version: 0x20 (or later)
[    0.062011] ACPI: [Firmware Bug]: BIOS _OSI(Linux) query ignored
[    1.556640] [Firmware Bug]: ACPI(PEGP) defines _DOD but not _DOS
[    2.453984] psmouse serio4: elantech: assuming hardware version 4 (with firmware version 0x361f03)
[   24.429952] platform regulatory.0: Direct firmware load for regulatory.db failed with error -2
[   37.043932] ieee80211 phy0: rt2x00lib_request_firmware: Info - Loading firmware file 'rt3290.bin'
[   37.055254] ieee80211 phy0: rt2x00lib_request_firmware: Info - Firmware detected - version: 0.37

Not sure for your case:

Verify the network driver.
Try the following commands:

rfkill block bluetooth
rfkill unblock bluetooth


How to fix all applications missing in Ubuntu's dash? having an issue with the dashboard where applications don't show app in the applications lense or when searched. Tried everything in these topics:

Applications not showing in Unity Dash

Dash (from Unity) does not showing Applications

But nothing has worked so far. Would really wat to avoid reinstalling everything since i use Vivaldi and there is no where to export my stuff from it. Using 16.04

Edit: All apps aren't being displayed, only show files and web results. Checked the filters: applications is enabled

Edit 2: after a reboot got a crash report, might be related since the culprit of the crash was unity-lens-loader. Will try to purge and see what happens.
Could not purge it, unity-lens-loader is not a package, it's a executable created by libunity9, should I purge and reinstall it?

The problem seems to have been fixed; the apps are showing up again. I am not sure what fixed it, but here are all the things I did before the next reboot:

I renamed unity-scope-loader to unity-scope-loader.bak in /usr/bin. I
tried to reinstall libunity9 though it always gave me an error that it couldn't overwrite unity-scope-loader. Finally, I ran sudo dpkg-reconfigure libunity9.

Go to System Settings -> Security & Privacy. At Files & Applications tab click "Clear usage data". In the dialog select "From all time".


Bus Error(Core Dumped) Please I need help urgently... I can't install or update anything, my system just prints out

  Bus Error(Core Dumped)

I don't recall doing anything weird before the error started coming up, please help.

I just ran

  sudo apt-get update

and everything became a-okay.

I deleted a ".electroneum" folder on my Home directory to start afresh. This will sync from the beginning after deletion. Press (Ctrl+H) to toggle hidden contents and look for it.


Ubuntu has locked , showings password is incorrect I am using ubuntu 20.04 LTS. I tried to boot my pc via command line because it doesn’t boot up normally. I wrote this commands in terminal
“sudo systemctl set default-multiuser.target”
then I typed my password. It show a screen where need to log in in any directory , I type grub. Then it required my password, I type my password several times but it always show “ incorrect password “ Now what to do . Please help me.

Type as slowly and as simply as possible, making sure you do not typo. Also, you may have forgotten your password. If so, retry with other passwords. If your PC can't boot normally, try reinstalling Ubuntu to use other recovery tools.


Errors "*ERROR* UVD not responding, trying to reset the VCPU!!!" I get the below errors when I start the system.

Now I am using the recovery mode, what should I do?

*ERROR* UVD not responding, trying to reset the VCPU!!!
*ERROR* UVD not responding, trying to reset the VCPU!!!
*ERROR* UVD not responding, trying to reset the VCPU!!!
*ERROR* UVD not responding, trying to reset the VCPU!!!
*ERROR* UVD not responding, trying to reset the VCPU!!!
*ERROR* UVD not responding, trying to reset the VCPU!!!
*ERROR* UVD not responding, trying to reset the VCPU!!!
*ERROR* UVD not responding, trying to reset the VCPU!!!
*ERROR* UVD not responding, trying to reset the VCPU!!!
*ERROR* UVD not responding, trying to reset the VCPU!!!
*ERROR* UVD not responding, trying to reset the VCPU!!!
*ERROR* UVD not responding, trying to reset the VCPU!!!
*ERROR* UVD not responding, trying to reset the VCPU!!!

I had a very similar problem and fixed it by editing the default grub file with

  sudo nano /etc/default/grub

and changing the line

  GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""

to

  GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="radeon.modeset=0"

then saving the file and updating the grub with

  sudo update-grub

and rebooting.  If the above does not work then perhaps try out changing the

  GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="radeon.modeset=0"

to

  GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="nomodeset"

.
And check the dmesg log for errors with

 dmesg | grep radeon

if the above methods work just to make sure everything is Ok.

This occurs because fault in your graphic driver. First uninstall your external graphic driver. Then install latest version of your graphic driver. To explain the with more details I need to know your graphic card details.

Run this command to get display details

sudo lshw -c display


Network not starting up on boot Basically my network won't start. Can't use wired connections.

To make it a further brain-scratcher, when booting into recovery, and using the network console, the network comes up and works. Outside of recovery nothing.

As far as I can tell no settings changed between powering off and on since last time it worked, except for an automatic kernel upgrade. Using an older kernel does not seem to help.

Also this hardware configuration worked perfectly fine for over a year with kernel upgrades and all. Network was always automatic.

Information for follow up questions...

Network manager is running.

Strangely enough, my network interface was never started, nor was DHCP. Where in the configuration can I find this?

To manually resolve the problem:

sudo ifconfig eth0 up
sudo /etc/dhclient

What could have happened in my config to not make this work automatically.

Info gathered:

> lspci | grep net
> 6:00:19.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation 82566DM-2 Gigabit Network Connection (rev 02)

Contents of /etc/network/interfaces

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

After adding

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp

the eth0 interface comes up, but the dhclient does not.

--

The problem re-occurred when waking up from sleep.

You are likely missing the line for this in the interfaces file. Open /etc/network/interfaces and check if there is a line for eth0 If not add the following:

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp

This will add the eth0 interface - and use DHCP on boot and wakeup.

If you're still not getting DHCP response you may also need to add dhcp back into defaults:

sudo update-rc.d dhcp3-server defaults

I've installed dhcpcd5 and it worked for me.

sudo apt-get install dhcpcd5


Trying to install wine for play on linux This is my first time using Ubuntu, I tried to get Play On Linux to run Microsoft Office, but it wanted Wine.

But when trying to install Wine with this command:

sudo apt-get install wine1.7

I get this output:

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 wine1.7 : Depends: wine1.7-i386 (= 1:1.7.18-0ubuntu1)
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

Why is this happening and how can I fix it?

Adding the PPA Repository:

Open the Software Sources menu by launching the Ubuntu Software Center and selecting Edit->Software Sources. Choose the Other Software tab and click Add.

Then, copy and paste the line below.

ppa:ubuntu-wine/ppa

Warning: Beta packages

The 1.7 packages here are beta packages. This means they will periodically suffer from regressions, and as a result an update may break functionality in Wine. If the stable 1.6 Wine version works for you, then you may not want to use these beta packages.

Installing Wine:

Once you have added the repository, you are ready to install.

To get the most recent Wine 1.7 beta, paste apt://wine1.7 in address bar.

To install the older, stable Wine 1.6 version, paste apt://wine1.6 in address bar.

Alternative Command Line Instructions for Installing Wine:

It is also possible to add the PPA and install via the terminal.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-wine/ppa; sudo apt-get update; sudo apt-get install wine1.7

try

sudo apt-get -f install

or visit

http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/trusty/en/man8/apt-get.8.html


How to fix the "Unable to calculate upgrade" issue when upgrading from 12.04 to 12.10? I've been trying to upgrade to 12.10 ever since it was released today but I keep meeting this error:

An unresolvable problem occurred while calculating the upgrade:
E:Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
This can be caused by:
 * Upgrading to a pre-release version of Ubuntu
 * Running the current pre-release version of Ubuntu
 * Unofficial software packages not provided by Ubuntu

I've tried updating all the currently installed software, removing all the extra PPAs, downgrading the files installed from xorg edgers' ppa but I haven't been able to solve the problem.

As stated here , removing PPA sources does not work every time.

You need to uninstall offending packages.
you can find them with:

grep Broken /var/log/dist-upgrade/apt.log

Mine was an xorg package. I removed it with the command:

sudo apt-get remove xserver-xorg-video-all

and then the upgrade could continue.

sudo sed -i 's/raring/saucy/' /etc/apt/sources.list
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

that worked for me.


Problem with Chrome/Chromium rendering bootstrap template (14.04) I'm having an issue with Chrome and Chromium not rendering a particular Twitter Bootstrap template properly. I'm using the jumbotron template, and the log in form fields at the top don't seem to be getting the appropriate auto widths and are getting squished to the point where they are unusable. I have several machines running 14.04 and it only happens on one of them. I've tried purging and reinstalling Chrome and Chromium, but the issue persists. I'm hoping there is a way to fix this without reinstalling the whole OS. Below are the screenshots of the template in Chrome and Firefox for comparison.

Help is appreciated!


Trying to dual boot ubuntu and Windows 10, but due to a grub problem that I may have caused I can't access Ubuntu I am new to Linux and trying to set up a dual boot with windows 10 on my laptop.

I installed Ubuntu from of my flash drive, and because it wasn't able to detect my OS I had to manually partition my hard drive.

After successfully installing Ubuntu I found that my computer only booted into it and did not show the option to switch to Windows.

I looked up my problem online and saw this guide, which said to install grub customizer and change the order that things boot in.

Since I didn't see Windows as an option, I instead set my BIOS as the first thing to boot into. Now I can use BIOS to access Windows, but when I set Ubuntu as my default OS it just goes right back into BIOS.

To clarify, I would love it if somebody could explain how to have the menu when my computer starts that allows me to pick my OS, and also how to make stop grub from making running Ubuntu instead run BIOS.

Boot into a live session of Ubuntu from your USB and install Boot-Repair.

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair

Follow the directions at that link and see if that fixes your issue.


deluge daemon on server 15.10? Can someone help me get deluged running on 15.10?  Every how-to I can find is for init.d not systemd.

The deluged package installs no startup scripts for either init.d (which would work in compatibility mode) or systemd. So what do you need to do to get systemd to start deluged?

init.d - the Init-System is "dead" - but the script itself is still existing in /etc/init.d/deluged.

deluged - installed from the Ubuntu repository - does not contain a native systemd service!

It redirects to systemd-sysv-install.

You can verify this by executing sudo systemctl disable deluged.service.

The output shows that currently no native script exists:

deluged.service is not a native service, redirecting to systemd-sysv-install
Executing /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install disable deluged
insserv: warning: current start runlevel(s) (empty) of script `deluged' overrides LSB defaults (2 3 4 5).
insserv: warning: current stop runlevel(s) (0 1 2 3 4 5 6) of script `deluged' overrides LSB defaults (0 1 6).

Anyway you should use systemctl.

Install

sudo apt-get install deluged

Start/Stop/Restart …

sudo systemctl start deluged.service
sudo systemctl stop deluged.service
sudo systemctl restart deluged.service


Ubuntu 17.10 tons of lags with mouse and window glitch I've installed Ubuntu 17.10 on my laptop without any issue, but when I am using the system everything lags and is not fluid. The mouse glitches (I am using a physical mouse and a track-pad), like it jumps, and is not fluid.

It is the same thing with the windows when I drag them or simply open any apps. The same thing is happening when I open the application page of Gnome.

I did try to change from Wayland to Xorg from the lock screen and by doing this the mouse is now working without any issue but I still have some glitch and fluidity problem everywhere.

Is this a problem with my computer or Ubuntu has an issue of some sort with Gnome on some devices and what can I do to fix this?

My laptop is an Asus Q501LA. I don't have a dedicated graphics card.

Unfortunately, I don't think this is a Wayland only issue. After I upgraded from 17.04, I've found lag/sluggish response with gnome-shell under both Wayland and Xorg. It does seem to be a little worse under Wayland.

In my case, after a reboot, all is good for a while, but things slowly degrade and after a few hours, switching between virtual desktops or moving windows gets slower and slower. When the lock screen kicks in, after hitting a key to bring up the password prompt, there is a definite lag i.e. on a couple of occasions 15 seconds before the lockscreen wallpaper is cleared and the password prompt appears.

This is on a high spec machine i.e. 12 core i7 3Ghz with 32 Gb memory. I'm using the default oss graphics drivers (I have a nvidia gforce card, but not using the nvidia driver as it is not compatible with wayland).

I did not have these problems with 17.04 and the gnome ubuntu remix.

I've now installed MATE and seeing if that works better as the gnome-shell gets sluggish enough to be almost unusable unless I reboot every few hours.

Using journalctl to look at the logs, I see a lot of gnome-shell related errors and warnings.

All pretty disappointing. I was also unlucky enough to run into the fwupd bug related to some Logitech keyboards, so had to change my keyboard to even get 17.10 to work!

From this answer:

  "Gnome/Wayland has mouse tracking issues (see https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=745032)."

  Ubuntu 17.10 uses wayland by default. however, you can switch back to
  Xorg, without to install anything, all you need to do is:

  Log out from you current user.
  Under the password, near the "unlock" button, you will have something like a settings-icon.
  Click it, and choose the second option(the one says "xorg")
  And there you have it! the good old xorg session, with no more cursor lags!

  "Switching to an Xorg session from the log in screen should solve
  it."

Also: Looks like GDM3 is using Wayland by default too. I also needed to disable Wayland in GDM by uncommenting the WaylandEnable=false in /etc/gdm3/custom.conf.


How to know what program is listening on a given port? I suspect a program is listening on port 8000 on my machine.

When I run the following command, I get this error:

> python -m SimpleHTTPServer
# Lots of python error
socket.error: [Errno 98] Address already in use

If I use another port (8000 is the default), the web server runs fine.

If I run wget localhost:8000 from the command line, it returns 404 Not Found.

What can I do (or what tools are available) to find what program is listening on port 8000, and from there where that program is configured?

Open your terminal and type as

lsof -i :8000

that command will list you the application used by that port with PID.
(If no results run via sudo since your might have no permission to certain processes.)

For example, with port 8000 (python3 -m http.server):

$ lsof -i :8000
COMMAND  PID USER   FD   TYPE  DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
python3 3269 user    3u  IPv4 1783216      0t0  TCP *:8000 (LISTEN)

And port 22 (SSH):

$ sudo lsof -i :22
COMMAND  PID USER   FD   TYPE  DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
sshd     998 root    3u  IPv4 1442116      0t0  TCP *:ssh (LISTEN)
sshd     998 root    4u  IPv6 1442118      0t0  TCP *:ssh (LISTEN)

Hope that helps.


Had win7 and Ubuntu 16.01 on separate drives - downgraded to ubuntu 14.01 and now win7 isnt appearing in Grub I have 2 separate SSDs - one with windows 7 and the other with Ubuntu 14.04. I originally installed Ubuntu 16.01 on one drive and then Windows 7 on the next. When I did this, grub picked up the windows boot location and I could access it. I was having issues with 16.01 so I decided to downgrade to 14.04 and when I did so, I lost the option to boot my windows drive. No matter which drive I try to boot from, windows does not appear in Grub. I ran boot repair and I produced the summary below in which it appears to see windows 7. I am still new to Ubuntu and I have seen other questions like this asked, but the solution provided didn't work for me... or I did it wrong. I was hoping someone could provide some insight on this issue.

http://paste.ubuntu.com/17505326/

I ran

sudo update-grub

and it didn't solve my problem.

You have an UEFI motherboard with Ubuntu installed in UEFI mode. This is good.

You have Windows installed in Legacy mode. This is bad.

You can only boot one or the other, and it appears GRUB is installed to be used in UEFI mode. So you cannot boot a Legacy mode operating system from UEFI-mode GRUB IIRC.

to get truly seamless dual-boot you'll need to either:

Reinstall Windows in UEFI mode (or convert it to UEFI mode, but that's a bit more involved).

Or reinstall Ubuntu in legacy mode.

I recommend having everything running in UEFI mode and disabled the "Legacy Boot Option ROM" setting in the UEFI setup. This will make your computer boot much much faster, and initializes your graphics card and sometimes even networking much sooner (and faster). (ASUS motherboards are my only experience in this regard, non-asus YMMV)

In the mean time, to boot Windows, reboot into your UEFI firmware setup, and boot manually by selecting the WD5000AAKX disk on your system.

PS your encypted LUKS partition is not strong enough. Consider using stronger encryption options. See: here

I think you need to reinstall grub. follow this guide
http://howtoubuntu.org/how-to-repair-restore-reinstall-grub-2-with-a-ubuntu-live-cd


How to configure Shutdown tasks? I have a shell script I'd like to run automatically every time I logout, shutdown or reboot.

Does anyone know where can I configure this in Ubuntu 10.10?

To execute a script at startup of Ubuntu

Edit /etc/rc.local and add your commands.
The script must always end with exit 0

  To execute a script upon rebooting Ubuntu

Put your script in /etc/rc0.d
And make it executable (sudo chmod +x script)
Note that scripts in this directory are executed in alphabetical order.
The name of your script must begin with K99 to run at the right time.

  To execute a script at shutdown

Put your script in /etc/rc6.d
and make it executable (sudo chmod +x script)
Note that scripts in this directory are executed in alphabetical order.
The name of your script must begin with K99 to run at the right time.

  To execute a script on logout

man bash has this to say about it: When  a  login  shell  exits, bash reads and executes commands from the file ~/.bash_logout, if it exists. So you can add script executed during logout to ~/.bash_logout.
Do make sure it is executable.
You might need to add $HOME/.bash_logout to etc/gdm/PostSession/Default for it to work.

It is very simple.  Go to "System" and then to "start up applications" (i am not with a english verision - but you wil remark it what i mean). Press on the button "add" and simlply fill the necessary things.

If you want only to run at shutdown: make a script with de shutdown command into it, but before this command line execute your task you want to do.
To shutdown / poweroff Ubuntu Linux

sudo halt
or
sudo shutdown -h now
To reboot Ubuntu Linux
sudo reboot

Shutdown command can only be executed by the root.  Change the shutdown command wrigths, this is the most simply way..


FFMPEG compilation errors First of all i am a newbie to Ubuntu Linux and have been trying to install and compile FFMPEG on an Ubuntu machine...
I am trying to compile FFMPEG on an Ubuntu machine, using the following link reference: https://ffmpeg.org/trac/ffmpeg/wiki/UbuntuCompilationGuide

I have already install git packages from resource centre whatever it results in search...
Whatever i am trying to clone to is showing the below error... and please note that the network is wireless and connected with full bandwidth and i am able to browse through website and not sure why its showing an error as unable to connect and connection timed out....

root@ubuntu:~# cd
root@ubuntu:~# git clone --depth 1 git://github.com/mstorsjo/fdk-aac.git
Cloning into 'fdk-aac'...
fatal: unable to connect to github.com:
github.com[0: 207.97.227.239]: errno=Connection timed out

Tried these commands as well to install x264 lib:

cd
git clone --depth 1 git://git.videolan.org/x264
cd x264

I am doing all this as a root user.

Any help and comments would be appreciated.

Thanks
Nitin

Some users experience issues connecting to Git servers due to network restrictions or firewalls on their end. The guide you are following also provides links to "source snapshots" as an alternative, and a link to the fdk-aac snapshot has just been added. The snapshots will provide recent code but you will have to download and extract each archive. Example using the link in the guide that states, "Note: You can download the nightly x264 source snapshot as an alternative to using git.":

wget ftp://ftp.videolan.org/pub/x264/snapshots/last_x264.tar.bz2
tar xjvf last_x264.tar.bz2
cd x264-snapshot-*

Then continue with the guide starting with the ./configure line for the appropriate section.

See the link below,

http://allofit.blog.com

This covers FFmpeg compilation on a step by step basis.

If you are having trouble cloning the git repos, try downloading the 'zip' or 'tar.gz' files provided by them instead.


Wallpaper won't stay I'm a new Lubuntu user (LXLE to be precise). I want to know why doesn't my wallpaper stay after a reboot? Any help is appreciated.

All you need to do is

Copy file to your Home directory (partition of Ubuntu)
add execute permission to that image you are using by

  chmod 751 filename

It won't change when you restart!


Why limit the number of open files and Running processes in Linux? I do not have much knowledge about operating system internal workings, so why do we have limits for maximum number of open files and running processes in Linux?

I would appreciate it if anyone could help me understand.

This is mainly for historical reasons. On older Linux mainframes, many users would connect and use the mainframe's resources. Of course, itwas necessary to limit, and since such operations like file handles and processes were built into the kernel, it was limited there. It also helps limit attacks like the fork bomb. A defense against the form bomb using process limits is shown here.

It also helps keep complex services and daemons in check by not allowing runaway forking and file opening, similar to what the fork bomb tries to do.

Also to be noted are things like the amount of RAM and CPU available, and the fact that a 32-bit counter can only reference so much(only 4294967296 entries that can be counted by a 32-bit counter), but such limits are far above those usually set by programmers and system administrators. Anyway, long before you have 4294967296 processes, your machine would have probably been rebooted, either just as planned, or as it began to lock up due to starving another resource.

Unless you run the Titan with its 584 TiB of memory(you won't, since Linux cannot be run as one instance on a supercomputer), you probably won't reach this process limit anytime soon. Even then, the average process would only have roughly 146KB of memory, assuming no shared memory.

We have a limit because computers have limits , I have 4GB of RAM , So I can't run 15 games now can I?

I most likely can run it with some lag but it wouldn't be human , It is the limit on your PC and Linux's Kernal , You would need a better kernal and alot of RAM to be able to hold any program that is thrown at you.

Like my laptop when I ran Windows 7 , I could Play Battlefield , But It took 80% of my RAM so if I tried to play "Need For Speed" , That takes 60% Ussually , I can open both but then my whole system is slowed down since I am running 2 Heavy Duty Programs , They are both fighting for RAM (Random Access Memory)

In short words , A normal computer can't run alot of programs at once
Music , Notepad , Browser , Email , Game , You think that is alot on a computer but that is mere , A game like World of Warcraft takes alot more RAM and makes your computer struggle (Unless you have 8-16 GB of RAM like expensive laptops do!)


DaVinci Resolve on Ubuntu 18.04 doesn't start I can't run Resolve on my Ubuntu 18.04LTE, after running Resolve i can only see some output:

/opt/resolve/bin/resolve

ActCCMessage Already in Table: Code= c005, Mode= 13, Level=  1, CmdKey= -1, Option= 0
ActCCMessage Already in Table: Code= c006, Mode= 13, Level=  1, CmdKey= -1, Option= 0
ActCCMessage Already in Table: Code= c007, Mode= 13, Level=  1, CmdKey= -1, Option= 0
ActCCMessage Already in Table: Code= 2282, Mode=  0, Level=  0, CmdKey= 8, Option= 0
PnlMsgActionStringAdapter Already in Table: Code= 615e, Mode=  0, Level=  0, CmdKey= -1, Option= 0
16.0b (#033) Linux/Clang
Main thread starts: 2D79EB00
[0x7fd42d79eb00] | Undefined            | INFO  | 2019-06-20 10:32:46,970 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[0x7fd42d79eb00] | Undefined            | INFO  | 2019-06-20 10:32:46,971 | Loaded log config from /home/my_account/.local/share/DaVinciResolve/configs/log-conf.xml
[0x7fd42d79eb00] | Undefined            | INFO  | 2019-06-20 10:32:46,971 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[5]    22674 abort (core dumped)  /opt/resolve/bin/resolve

anyone can help?

I've tried to install DaVince Resolve 16 on the Ubuntu 18.04 and came across the same problem.

The solution was to create this link:

sudo ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ /usr/lib64


Cannot access /etc/hosts I cannot open my /etc/hosts file. I would very much like to, I have tried logging in as root and changing the ownership and changing the permissions, please help.

When I try to open the file I get:

-bash: /etc/hosts: permission denied

Open a terminal and run the following command...

gksudo gedit /etc/hosts

This will open the file in gedit with root privileges allowing you to make your changes.

In the terminal type:

$  sudo su

Type your password...

And you will get the root privileges. Then open the file via any text editor:

By GEdit

#  gedit /etc/hosts

By mousepad ( sudo apt-get install mousepad )

#  mousepad /etc/hosts


After upgrading to Ubuntu 13.04, KDE programs don't work any more After upgrading to Ubuntu 13.04 i cannot run any more KDE programs under Ubuntu.
I have both installed. Ubuntu and Kubuntu.
I run Rkonq and K3B already lots of years under Ubuntu.
But after the upgrade it is not possible any more.
This is what i get starting Rekonq from a terminal:
QDBusConnection: session D-Bus connection created before QCoreApplication. Application may misbehave.
QDBusConnection: session D-Bus connection created before QCoreApplication. Application may misbehave.
unnamed app(3756) kdemain: rekonq is already running!

I just got around to upgrading my work ubuntu machine, KDE environment would not run but it did complain about starting dbus.  CTRL+ALT+F1 (or any console).

sudo apt-get install qdbus

The update uninstalled the 386 version and installed a new version.  ALT+F7, login with KDE came up just fine after this.

I installed ubuntu-sdk as described here: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2130894&p=12581777#post12581777


VLC Media Player Green Line I am using Ubuntu 14.10 64bit and the latest version of VLC media player, when I play a video (MP4, MKV AVI etc... it doesn't matter) at the bottom of the screen there is a green line
It isn't an issue with my OS, YouTube, and the default media player work fine. Has anyone else had this issue? and if so is there a fix or is it just a software bug?

Open vlc and then go to preferences > video > select in the output "X11 video output" (you can mess with this to find the one that works best for you).

That's it :P

To get rid of green line at the bottom of VLC player!!

Minimize VLC and click on the extended settings tab.
Click on the video effects tab
Then click on the crop tab
Then change the bottom setting to 1
All done green line is gone:)


Steam servers - Error code 2 - Fat32 error(Portal 2 steam via wine) I have a dual boot computer, 64 bit Windows 7 and 64 bit Ubuntu 13.04. I have Steam installed on my computer on the Windows 7 side, however I also use it from the Ubuntu side via Wine as well. When I was trying to start Portal 2 on the Ubuntu side however, a "completing installation" window came up. After the game's loading got to one percent it returned this error:

The Steam servers are too busy to handle you request for Portal 2. Error code (2)

So I went to the Steam Powered site and looked up the error code and it said the fallowing:

  Many of these issues were tied to FAT32 drives which has been
  corrected in a Steam update. Some users have also reported moving the
  Steam installation to the default C:\ Drive will correct this issue.
  If the issue persists, please contact Steam Support.

So I updated Steam and it still gives me this error. I would contact Steam support but it's natively for windows and mac only and I'm using Ubuntu so they cant help me. Any suggestions?

EDIT: To clarify, I can NOT just install the Linux version of Steam, as the game I want to play is not compatible with Linux. Thus, it won't let me download it or install it.

As of the 25th of February, 2014, Portal 2 Beta has been released for Linux. This means wine is no longer required to play Portal 2. It can now be directly installed from the Linux version of Steam.

Since you have Ubuntu 13.04 installed and Portal 2 is a available for Linux, all you need to do is to download Steam for Ubuntu from https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Valve.


My own variable for long paths I'm writing some backup script and target path is pretty long. Could I define something like this?

TARGET='/media/user/externaldrive/folder with spaces/blahblah'

And then use it like this as part of a path?

cp file.txt '$TARGET/some folder with spaces/file.txt'

Variable can be defined for this script only.

What is the right way to do this? Because this is what I get:

cp: cannot create regular file ‘$TARGET/some folder with spaces/file.txt’: No such file or directory

The variable assignment is correct, but you have a syntax mistake in your command that uses the variable:

What you need to type instead is:

cp file.txt "${TARGET}/some folder with spaces/file.txt"

cp file.txt "$TARGET/some folder with spaces/file.txt"

Note the two changes:

Double quotes "..." instead of single quotes '...', because double quotes allow bash variable expansion, while single quotes prohibit that and keep the string as it is.
As the variable is directly embedded into the path string and no spaces are before and after its name, we need ${variable} instead of just $variable here. The curled braces tell bash where exactly the variable name ends, otherwise this would not be clear.

The curly braces are not wrong, but also not necessary here in this case, as the next character after the variable name is a /, which is not allowed in the name itself and therefore separates the name from the rest of the string.
Thanks to @heemayl's answer for correcting this!

Short answer: YES!  You got it 100% correct.  Although, if you want to make that variable available to other scripts, don't forget to run export TARGET.


Permission denied for 'sudo' after 'sudo chmod 666 /usr' I have made a big mistake and now I cannot do anything in my work station. I tried to start VirtualBox and it complained that /usr had execution access. Then I executed, wrongly, sudo chmod 666 /usr and now I cannot execute 'sudo' anymore.

I have asked our technical department and they say that Ubuntu has no password for root so they cannot see any solution for my error but reinstall again Ubuntu which means I would lose all my work.

I hope any of you can think of a solution for this problem because. What do you think I should do to gain access again in the /usr or become root user?

If you just did sudo chmod 666 /usr then things are no too bad - since that will have changed the permissions only on the parent /usr directory, not any of the files of subdirectories within it.

If however you added the recursive flag -R then you are almost certainly better off re-installing the system. Even so, there should be no reason to lose data: you can boot from a live USB or DVD and backup your important files from there first.

If you only did a non-recursive sudo chmod 666 of the /usr directory, and you have physical access to the machine, then the simplest fix should be

Boot into recovery mode via the grub advanced menu and select 'Drop to root shell'
Remount the filesystem in read-write mode

mount -o remount,rw /

Execute the command

chmod 755 /usr

Don't add any other command line options and don't use any shell wildcards.
Type exit to continue booting normally

Note, chmod lives in /bin rather than /usr/bin so shouldn't be affected by the permissions on /usr. If (for example) you'd change the permission bits on the /bin directory, or on the / directory itself, then this method would not be appropriate since you wouldn't be able to execute chomd from recovery mode - the best option in that case would probably be to boot a live CD/DVD/USB of any available Linux distribution (it doesn't need to be Ubuntu); identify and mount the broken system's root device (at /mnt in the live system, for example); and then run chmod 755 /mnt/usr from the live system.

Your command had possibly removed the SUID-Bit from /usr/bin/sudo
The correct permissions should be:

-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 136808 Aug 17 15:20 /usr/bin/sudo

You should get a recovery-cd, as mentioned in die comments above and follow the steps in section "finding your root partition". After you successfully mounted it set the SUID-Bit with : chmod 4755 /usr/bin/sudo


How can I find the password to www-data group to so I can change directory access rights? I am running Ubuntu on a Oracle Vbox in Windows 7 to develop a website.  I have a set of directories that have owner read/write permissions but the group www-data does not have rights on the directories.

I tried the command  sudo chmod 640 /path-to-directory to change the status, but receive a message requesting my www-data password.  My owner level password does not work and I do not know what this password might be.

I tried passwd and receive the message 'changing the password for www-data and a prompt for my current password.  When I enter it, I get this error message:

  passwd: Authentication token manipulation error
  passwd: password unchanged

This error message looks more like some sort of problem on my system, but everything else works fine.

You're doing it wrong (tm) :)

In your terminal window, look at the "command prompt":

username@hostname:~$

What is username there? You can also try entering whoami[Enter] to see your current username.

From you description it looks like you entered something like

sudo su www-data

or somehow else opened a console session as www-data user. This user has no rights to use sudo command, so your attempts at using sudo fail.

www-data user also has no password set by default, so it is impossible to log in directly as this user. Which is good. You do not want to give it a password.

You need to open another session as your user (or exit your current www-data session) and type the commands there:

sudo chown yourusername:www-data /path/to/directory

which will ask you for your login password.

(or, maybe, just move your stuff to /var/www which already has correct permissions. Then you can add your user to www-data group to get read-write privileges to that directory)

To change password use this command sudo passwd username ,change username with user you want to set new password,but also you should check ownership and group of particular directory.
Use this command
ls -l /path/to/file  #the third field in the ls -l output is the user and the fourth is the group

You can change group and ownership with chown


How to make a script that launches bash command but don't open it? So I built this code:

#!/bin/bash
sudo -u matas
cd /home/matas/Desktop/Release
mono launch.exe

How I can make this to launch 'mono launch.exe' but not open bash?
I know It is possible.

If I am undertanding, you want the script opened, but don't want to see the terminal. When you use function run in terminal, the ideia is open a terminal and execute there, once you can see the output.

should be better turn it on an executable with

chmod +x filename.sh

then you could tun that as an executable script with no need of terminal.


Ubuntu 14.04 does not run on IBM Thinkpad T61 (?) I have a T61 Notebook. On this, Ubuntu 12.04 LTS runs OK.

Now I would like to upgrade to 14.04 LTS.

Using the same USB stick, I setup the netbook. It runs!

The 'Setup' for 12.04 runs, but 14.04 stalls after: 'Battery check....[ok]'

Nothing works. Any key or combination-Key does nothing. Only if I press the Power-Buttom, then the PC goes down and shuts off.

Can anybody help me?

I also had the weirdest behavior from a burned DVD w/ U 14.04

I started to boot (little symbol of a open arms man) and then the video went black and boot finished with a small red/green block in the middle/bottom.

I could only work around by connecting a Lenovo external monitor and closing the lid just after pressing power on.

So, it could be a notebook monitor issue. If you have an external (kinda old - late 2007) monitor, try this. I had to open the lid to use the keyboard eventually and it continued to work. Then the notebook screen became the principal one...

Hope it helps, have a good one!