Fix for wireless issues with netgear a7000 usb adapter (rtl8814au, rtl8812au) I had to make this post to help anyone else who might be having issues with this network adapter and possibly other network adapters which work with the realtek 8814au 8812au chipsets. I'm on ubuntu 20.04 with kernel 5.4.0-28-generic, and I own a netgear a7000 wireless adapter that works fine with windows but wouldnt function with my linux dual boot.

All the threads i could fidn that addressed this subject were from 2018 at the earliest, and they all suggested drivers that haven't been updated in years and did not work on my install. After weeks of trial and error and a lot of frustration I found a much more recently updated version of the rtl8812au driver that ought to work with rtl8814au devices like mine as well, that isn't mentioned anywhere except some obscure link I found.

You can find the drivers here and installation instructions for various linux distributions: https://github.com/aircrack-ng/rtl8812au.

On Ubuntu 20.04 you can install with these commands in terminal:

sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y

sudo apt install dkms build-essential git

git clone https://github.com/aircrack-ng/rtl8812au.git

cd rtl8812au

sudo ./dkms-install.sh

reboot

That worked for me! Hopefully I can help someone else some headache!

That solution didn't work for me. But after the installation of realtek 802.11ac driver netgear A7000 works fine now. (Ubuntu 20.04.1 LTS)
The steps are on this blog post
The driver is from this Kali Linux repository
Simply download the latest .deb package for the driver from there, and install using a command like this (depending on the version you download) in the same directory as the downloaded file: sudo apt install ./realtek-rtl88xxau-dkms_5.6.4.2~git20200916-0kali1_all.deb (tip: type realtek and then press tab to get the full name!).


How to use proxy for Transmission? I have heard that Proxy Support in Trasmission has been removed as of version 2.12. Is it possible to use proxy by any other method?

TL;DR: http_proxy environment variable works for at least 2.92.
For versions 1.4.x and older see configuration options here or below.

Citation from transmission wiki page:

  Transmission uses the libcurl library for http- and https-based tracker announces and scrapes. Transmission doesn't support proxies, but libcurl itself honors a handful of environment variables to customize its proxy behavior.

relevant variables start here here. And in CURLOPT_PROXY description there is this:

  libcurl respects the proxy environment variables named http_proxy,
  ftp_proxy, sftp_proxy etc. If set, libcurl will use the specified
  proxy for that URL scheme. So for a "FTP://" URL, the ftp_proxy is
  considered. all_proxy is used if no protocol specific proxy was set.

I run transmission-daemon using systemd, so I just add line

  Environment=http_proxy=http://proxy_url:proxy_port

to service configuration using

  sudo systemctl edit transmission-daemon.service

and all worked.

I have transmission-daemon 2.92. Can't say for sure for older version, but according to this wiki page you should use this parameters for transmission 1.4.x or older:

proxy-authentication String
proxy-authentication-required: Boolean (default = 0)
proxy-port: Number (default = 80)
proxy-server: String
proxy-server-enabled: Boolean (default = 0)
proxy-type: Number (0 = HTTP, 1 = SOCKS4, 2 = SOCKS5, default = 0)
proxy-username: String

Transmission uses the proxy configured using the Network Proxy tool located under the Preferences menu.

Reference Solution


How To Enable WebGL In Chrome On Ubuntu? chrome://gpu/

And http://webglreport.com/

 google-chrome --version
 Google Chrome 27.0.1453.93

http://www.chromeexperiments.com/webgl

  How To Enable WebGL In Chrome On Ubuntu ?

For WebGL to work in Google Chrome (and Chromium), Here are the steps to enable WebGL in Google Chrome.

Step 1: Open Google Chrome

Step 2: Type chrome://flags in the address bar

Step 3: Press Ctrl + f and type ” Rendering list “, “Override software rendering list”
should come up, Now click on Enable and restart the browser.

Step 4: Completely kill Chrome: Type killall chrome into a console.

Step 5: Go to chrome://settings and enable Use hardware acceleration when available. By default it is off since version 43.

Step 6: Start Chrome

  Now check      chrome://gpu/

  http://webglreport.com/

Source

I had the issue that WebGL was reported as unavailable after switching from the proprietary Nvidia to the nouveau drivers, a change which does not seem to have been picked up in the chromium GPU config of my profile. The fix is running chromium-browser --single-process once to reset the GPU configuration.


Can't change open-files-limit for mysql on Ubuntu 14.04 I have a LEMP stack on Ubuntu 14.04 with MariaDB.  Mysql is a huge bottleneck for my server.  I have tried everything of which I am aware to raise the open files limit for mysql.  I have added open-files-limit = 2097152 to my.cnf.  I have added the following to limits.conf:

* soft nofile 2097152
* hard nofile 2097152
* soft nproc 2097152
* hard nproc 2097152
mysql soft nofile 2097152
mysql hard nofile 2097152
mysql soft nproc 2097152
mysql hard nproc 2097152

I have added session required pam_limits.so to /etc/pam.d/common-session* and /etc/pam.d/sudo and a couple of others.  I have tried restarting mysql after reboot - no change.  I also checked /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.mysqld to see if it was involved but the file is empty.  After all that I still get the following:

# ulimit -Sa
core file size          (blocks, -c) 0
data seg size           (kbytes, -d) unlimited
scheduling priority             (-e) 0
file size               (blocks, -f) unlimited
pending signals                 (-i) 256538
max locked memory       (kbytes, -l) unlimited
max memory size         (kbytes, -m) unlimited
open files                      (-n) 1024
pipe size            (512 bytes, -p) 8
POSIX message queues     (bytes, -q) 819200
real-time priority              (-r) 0
stack size              (kbytes, -s) 8192
cpu time               (seconds, -t) unlimited
max user processes              (-u) 2097152
virtual memory          (kbytes, -v) unlimited
file locks                      (-x) unlimited

When I run # mysqld --verbose I get this:

150501  0:19:35 [Warning] Could not increase number of max_open_files to more than 1024

Does anyone have any idea as to what is blocking this change???

Unfortunately, there is no straight answer here. The stuff in /etc/security/limits.conf is read only by PAM stuff, during login, not during boot.

So, if you want mysqld to have it's ulimits altered you'll have to twiddle with the init script.


How do I pipe terminal standard output (stdout) to the clipboard? For example,

Say I want to list the contents of a folder and directly paste them into a chat window for a friend to see.

I realize I could do ls > filename.txt to create a file (filename.txt) with those contents; I'd then have to open or print the file and manually select and copy the text block (which can be annoying/tedious.)  I clearly could also select and copy the output of ls directly from within the terminal window.

It would be much faster/easier to simply pipe standard output to the clipboard.

What terminal command allows me to do this?

This can be done with either
xsel
or
xclip
command line utilities.  Since neither program comes with Ubuntu by default you'll need to first install them via Ubuntu Software or the terminal.  Here's how in the terminal (but remember you only need one of these two.)

sudo apt install xsel
sudo apt install xclip

Note: If you're using Ubuntu in Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) see this other answer instead.

Now some examples.  If you want to copy the output of ls to the clipboard here's what you'd do:

With xsel:

ls | xsel -ib

With xclip:

ls | xclip -sel clip

This can of course be utilized for other terminal commands as well.  Let's say you want to paste your network info into a help forum.

With xsel:

sudo lshw -C network | xsel -ib

With xclip:

sudo lshw -C network | xclip -sel clip

Make this even easier with a new bash alias!

Edit your ~/.bash_aliases file (if it doesn't exist yet create it first with touch ~/.bash_aliases)

Then add one (depending on which program you decided to go with) of the following:

alias copy='xclip -sel clip'

or

alias copy='xsel -ib'

Then save and close.

Now (after restarting your terminal) you can send standard output to the clipboard just by piping it to 'copy' (or whatever you decide to name your new alias)

For example:

ls | copy

Found this helpful for using the xclip utility in addition to the answers above. (source)

To Paste (from system clipboard):

xclip -out -sel clip

Demo:

$ echo hello world | xclip -sel clip             copy hello world to clipboard
$ xclip -out -sel clip | tail -f                 can pipe from clipboard
hello world
$ xclip -out -sel clip                           paste defaults to stdout

And thus I added this to my shell profile:

alias copy="xclip -sel clip"
alias paste="xclip -out -sel clip"


Shift running X window (display environment) on SSH X11 forwarding I want to see remotely some running GUI application without kill the current process, I have tried vnc and xrdp, xrdp opens a new blank session, so it is not for me, vnc is good, but not exactly what I need, it uses the screen and devices presents, someone could mess with me moving the mouse or typing on the keyboard.

Therefore I figured out the only way I could do what I need is managing to shift a running X window from one display to another, thus even on a SSH -X (X11 forwarding) I would be able to see it.

I am on this quest for a long time and I didn't found out a conclusive solution, that is the reason I am appealing to you. Could you help me to solve this trouble?

Thanks,

Thank you folks, but another friend found a better answer, I want to share with the world for someone with the same problem:

There is some tools such as xmove and Xpra that works as a X proxy, allowing you to retain the window opened in a kind of virtual X Server, and catch the window to your environment when you need, exactly what I need!

Thanks dudes.

(If I understand your question correctly) Try looking into tmux or screen as possible answers here. Put one of these on the system in question, start it then inside it run the application.

You can "detach" from tmux, then re-attach from another system and access the application.


speech-dispatcher disabled; edit /etc/default/speech-dispatcher when I install Ubuntu 13.04 on VMWare, the installation procedure goes well, but in the end of the installation, instead of displaying the graphical interface the message bellow shows up:

acpid:exiting
speech-dispatcher disabled; edit /etc/default/speech-dispatcher
*asking all remaining processes to terminate...

I tried the installation three times but the problem persists.

I got the same error while installing. I just reset the virtual machine at that point and it started ok.


Overscan Compensation Disabled A fresh install of 12.04. I need to compensate for overscan, but the setting is disabled for one of my monitors. Not sure why and not sure what I can do aboot it. Is there any way I can enable the Overscan Compensation slider?

sudo apt-get install nvtv

Then alt-F2 "nvtv"
and then select monitors>overscan
and then set it to 0


Ubuntu Netbook Edition and automatic login I'm trying to set up the automatic login, but i can't choose the user which must be loged in. Here a screenshot (German is set as default language):

any suggestion, how to solve the problem?

I'm using UNE 10.10, upgraded from 10.04...

It seems, that i can't use the automatic login, because my home folder is encrypted.

* (gdmsetup:2834): WARNING: Unable to lookup user name data: Success *
* (gdmsetup:2834): DEBUG: XXXXXX XXXXX is using an encrypted home, not listing him for autologin *

Go to Applications, next go to Users and Groups click on the user and your going to have to put in the root password to unlock then click passwords and check the do not ask at log in.


How to start MongoDB server on system start? I have to start my MongoDB server every time the system restarts. How do I configure it to start with my OS? I am on Ubuntu 11.04.

According to the comments, on Ubuntu 18.04 LTS this seems to be the solution:

systemctl enable mongodb.service

Thanks to @Adam. I had the same "problem" on Debian jessie, and my solution there was:

systemctl enable mongod.service

Maybe they changed the name of the service.
I think in Ubuntu it's the same.

For a default installation using apt, you can start it with following command
sudo service mongod start


remove 12.04 which installed by wubi and install 14.04 I have windows seven also I installed Ubuntu 12.04 with Wubi. I haven't had any problem with my 12.04. Now I downloaded 14.04 32 bit and I make my flash boot able with this guide also I uninstall my 12.04 from add or remove program !! (...Wubi make this ability ) Now what next? When I start my computer still I see grub (But I think I should not see that because I uninstall that from win 7 ) also what I should do with my boot able flash- which I installed 14.04 on that- in order to install that. Note My aim is to format windows 7 and 12.04 and just have 14.04 on my computer.

Solution:

1) Back up your data

2) Place Ubuntu 14.04 on flash drive, hard disk, cd, etc using unetbootin or YUMI
   (preferrably YUMI)

3) Select your device from boot menu

4) Run and select "Install Ubuntu"

5) Select "Erase disk and install Ubuntu"

or you can also upgrade it to 14.04
first upgrade to 13.04 than 13.10
after tat you would be able to upgrade it 14.04


Problem after the Last Dist-upgrade in ubuntu 12.10 Possible Duplicate:
  There's an issue with an Alpha/Beta Release of Ubuntu, what should I do?

I just updated my ubuntu 12.10 netbook using the command sudo apt-get dist-upgrade.
The last partial-upgrade has eliminated unity; if I try ro re-install Unity from Synaptic it tell me that I have problem with the dependecies in particular with "compiz-core-abiversion-20120920".
I dont't really know what I have to do to re-install Unity.
Does anybody could help me?
Thanks a lot

[update]
1)  I tried to remove "compiz-core-abiversion-20120920" but I can't remove virtual packages
2) after install and re-install compiz it's always the same
3) I don't know what i must to do...

Sorry for my bad english....

Since Ubuntu 12.10 is still in beta phase, I recommend you to perform a clean install, it will be more accurate than trying to figure out what conflicts are present.


Are there Human Interface Design Guidelines for Unity Development? I was surfing developer.ubuntu.com, searching for Unity-Human-Interface-Design-Guidelines or a Unity-HIG, but I didn't find anything. I've seen design.ubuntu.com, but that's not what I'm talking about.

Has Canonical provided Human-Interface-Design-Guidelines (HIG) for Unity apps? If not, they should! This is important if we want to have consistent and high-quality applications for our platform. Apple, Microsoft and Google have all provided such guidelines for developers of their respective platforms. GNOME has also provided an HIG-book for their developers.

I hope this message reaches the guys at Canonical.

From Ubuntu Apps Developer Documentation, I guess these are the guidelines you are looking for:

Ubuntu Platform overview and Unity Desktop Platform
Application indicators design guidelines
NotifyOSD design guidelines
Application menu presentation
Ayatana scrollbars presentation
Sound menu spec

Also refer:

Are there any standard UI / UX / design principles or guidelines for building Ubuntu apps?

There is exactly nothing like AppleHIG in Ubuntu. Unity is default desktop of ubuntu and it is a shell for Gnome3. The Unity desktop is developed using AyatanaProject. Ayatana is itself UnityHIG, or as far as publicly available.


"Create new document" - right-click option missing in Ubuntu GNOME I would like to to have a "create new document" option in the right-click menu.

Currently it looks like this :

I am using Ubuntu GNOME 16.04 LTS with GNOME 3.20.

See if you have ~/Templates folder2. Create one if it is missing using command:

mkdir ~/Templates

Now create an empty file from command prompt:1

touch ~/Templates/Text\ File.txt

The "Create Document" option is back again and you can create a new text file or a new document.

1 The backslash is used to tell the shell that the space following it is part of the filename. Since the shell recognizes spaces as delimiters between commands/options/arguments, unless you "quote it", 'quote it', or quote\ it, the shell will treat whatever comes after the space as a separate argument.

2 The ~/Templates folder is localized, change his name accordingly to your localization (ex: ~/Modèles for French localization).

You can also use the LibreOffice 'Save As' feature to save an empty Document, Spreadsheet, Presentation or Drawing in the same way. Using touch to create files won't work (didn't for me anyway) since ubuntu still recognises them as text files.
So you can have any type of new file available if you set up the right template for it, not just text files.


reinstalling boot loader after linux partition removal The process: I had a Windows 7 partition and an Ubuntu 11.04 partition on the same  HDD. (35GB Windows 7, 400GB data, 15GB free for Linux). Windows 7 was installed first, then Ubuntu with GRUB loader.

In Windows 7, I removed the Ubuntu partition (carelessly, I must admit) to resize it, and reinstall a clean ubuntu 14.04.

In the process, it killed GRUB (and I don't remember on which partition it was installed). I was unable to boot Windows 7 anymore. So i managed to get a Windows 7 rescue shell and prompt some bootrec /fixmbr and now i can boot normally on Windows 7.

Problem is : Windows 7 rescue disk and stuff cannot detect any Windows 7 installation on my HD. bootrec /scanos or /rebuildbcd tells me 0 Windows installation found!

Ubuntu 14.04.1 installer cannot find my Windows 7 installation / partition either! (And suggests a full erase disk & install, which is no good.)

How can I fix my Windows 7 boot? How do I reinstall GRUB? or Ubuntu, keeping my Windows 7 partitions?

I'm ok with installing a more aggressive Linux distro (but which one?) capable of detecting/cleaning my boot loaders and then reinstall Grub, and then I'll reinstall Ubuntu over it.

thanks

this site may have what you need.
http://www.webupd8.org/2012/09/grub-customizer-30-released.html
http://www.webupd8.org/2011/02/how-to-boot-iso-with-grub2-easy-way.html..


How to create a swap partition if I already have 4 primary partitions? I need to add a swap partition to a running installation of Ubuntu. So I freed up 4 GB, but I can't create a new partition to assign as Swap because I get the following error: "It is not possible to create more than 4 primary partitions"

I have dual boot with windows, my four partitions are:
- The 100 MB partition Windows always makes
- The Windows Partitions
- The Ubuntu partition
- The second Ubuntu partition for files

When I installed Ubuntu I decided to not have a Swap partition but now I would like to add it. This is the distribution of the HDD:

How can I solve this without formatting my current partitions, and add a swap partition?

You do not need a swap partition: you can just as well use a swap file. There is no performance difference between a swap partition and a swap file. To add a swap file:

Create the file (in this example, a 4 GiB file named /swapfile):

sudo fallocate -l 4G /swapfile

Format it as swap:

sudo chmod 600 /swapfile
sudo mkswap /swapfile

Enable swapping on the new swap file:

sudo swapon /swapfile

Add the newly created file to /etc/fstab by appending /swapfile none swap sw 0 0 to /etc/fstab.

See the Digital Ocean tutorial How To Add Swap on Ubuntu 14.04.

you need to go into your windows side and use disk management to create a simple partition taking free space from the 29+GB free space and leave
as unallocated space. You are going to want a partition that is equal to
at least 1.5 times available RAM on your system. Once this is done, boot into
your ubuntu and use ubuntu disk tool to set up this unallocated space as SWAP.
gparted is a tool that will do this, but there are other tools resident from
a command line whose name I do not currently remember. Hope this helps Craig


Snap applications don't show up after re-login using fish shell On Ubuntu 18.04 I've changed my shell to fish via

chsh -s `which fish`

I've installed Maillspring and Visual Studio Code snap apps, they installed fine and could be launched from the dash initially, but after logging in and logging back out none of them showed up in the dash anymore.

Searching for them in software store shows that are installed and I can launch them from there.

Why will the default shell matter for this?

The command you had originally in your question chsh -s which bash was as you say a typo which caused a great deal of confusion around your question. Even if it had been properly formed with the ` symbols around which bash as shown below.

it would change the shell to bash (the default). To change the shell to fish use

or simply use the command  chsh and enter the path to the shell you want to use. See below:

me@zippy-64bit:~$ chsh
Password:
Changing the login shell for me
Enter the new value, or press ENTER for the default
    Login Shell [/bin/bash]:

For more information on the fish shell see this.

EDIT: Regarding snap packages: Will the default shell matter? the answer is possibly, as it depends on the assumptions made by and the approach taken by the programmer. Refer to the differences in how bash and how fish handle things in the previous link. For example fish has no implicit subshell which can cause surprising side effects in variable assignment for the programmer that is expecting behavior similar to bash. There's a good example of an expectation of an implicit subshell in the question here.

Why? In an attempt to clarify it appears that the concept of inheritance is handled differently between fish and other more common shells like bash. My understanding is that this can result in unexpected behavior from pipes, loops, and functions (All of which are commonly used programming strategies).

The programmer may also be relying on shell builtins which either may not exist in fish or may be implemented in an unexpected fashion.

Sources:

man chsh
fish on Wikipedia
subshells on Unix & Linux
Related post on SuperUser.com

The snaps that you have installed, can be found in /snap/bin/
You need to have that directory in your $PATH.

Ubuntu automatically adds /snap/bin to your $PATH.
It happens in /etc/profile.d/apps-bin-path.sh which runs when you get a login shell.

I checked, and fish also adds /snap/bin into $PATH so normally it should be fine.

Can you show us the output of the command

echo $PATH

If the output has /snap/bin, then congratulations you have found a bug in Ubuntu and you can file a report on Launchpad for it.

addition: Ubuntu internally probably uses $SHELL for some of the scripting. The fish shell is not 100% compatible with bash and it looks like this is the cause of the problem. It is a common issue when you change your login shell to something other than bash. See, for example, this report https://youtrack.jetbrains.com/issue/CPP-2919 with users changing their shell to /bin/tcsh.

You need to file a bug report to Ubuntu so that someone investigates and fixes the internal scripting to work with fish. If you really love fish, that's what you need to do. ;-)


export PATH doesn't work correctly I have a problem with $PATH export. The only place I found where I modify $PATH is /etc/environment:

ANDROID_HOME="/opt/ADT/adt-bundle-linux-x86_64-20130522/sdk"
PROJECT_HOME="/home/tomaszchabinka/Dokumenty/tempFile/android_stb"
PATH="/opt/gradle-1.10/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"

But when I type in terminal echo $PATH it returns:

/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0/bin

I don't have /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0/bin directory so I don't understand why my $PATH export doesn't works and where does /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0/bin come from.

Also $ANDROID_HOME and $PROJECT_HOME exports correctly; only $PATH export doesn't work.

Can anyone help me?

There are a few places where you can define $PATH:

/etc/environment is a plain text file (not a script) that affects all users
~/.pam_environment - the same thing but user-specific

bash also executes some scripts which can be used for modifying $PATH:

~/.profile is executed for a login shell sessions (don't ask me what it means :)
~/.bashrc is executed for non login interactive shell sessions
/etc/profile and /etc/bash.bashrc are system wide alternatives for ~/.profile and ~/.bashrc

I read somewhere that /etc/environment is a recommended place for defining your $PATH.
So I usually use it. But your path is probably modified in one of the other places.

BTW, when you execute a command with sudo, I think it normally uses root user's $PATH (and not the $PATH of your unprivileged user account).
So, ~/.pam_environment, ~/.profile and ~/.bashrc in /root directory may also play a role.

Put this in ~/.bashrc:

PATH="${PATH}:/opt/gradle-1.10/bin"


How to find the size of all partitions How can I find size the of all partitions in Ubuntu with a command that saves to name.txt?

If you want to find the size of all the partitions and save it to a file: you have to run this command:

df -h | grep /dev > name.txt

It will find the size of all the partitions including swap and save it to your file name.txt. where udev is nothing but the swap

or simply:

df -h > name.txt

If you want to get the size of all devices available to your computer and want to save in file then you can execute this command:

lsblk | awk '{print $1 "       \t    " $4}' > name.txt

It will save only the partition and the size

I usually use this command to see partition size and usage:

df -h


Alt+tab-ing games (like Trine or Aquaria) Does anyone have any idea how to do the equivalent of Alt + Tab, or to minimize games that take the mouse cursor?

I am using windowed mode.

I had the same problem and found that  Ctrl + G will release the mouse from the window, then you can minimize it or whatever from there.

Source: Frozenbyte forum topic

I am not sure if this is specific to the linux version of the Trine game, I will have to install Aquaria.  Love these Humble bundle games!

EDIT: Yes, works for Aquaria too.  Although, when you move the cursor over the window, it immediately recaptures it. whereas in Trine you have to Ctrl + G to get back into the window.

I've multiple virtual desktops (or workspaces, whatever they are called) and use the keyboard shortcuts to jump between these desktops.

Example:

Ctrl + 1 switches to Desktop1
Ctrl + 2 switches to Desktop2
With Hedgeward running on Desktop1 (not fullscreen), I press the keyboard for switching to Desktop2 and move the cursor to a place outside the game. After that, I switch back to Desktop1 in which I can minimize the game, open other windows, etc.

Other shortcuts I've tested:

Ctrl + F1: open Kickoff menu
Ctrl + F2: run command

I must note that it only works with non-fullscreen applications.


Is it possible to replace notify-osd with Gnome 3 Indicators? Possible Duplicate:
  Gnome 3 notifications are replaced with notify-osd when the machine goes to sleep

I have gnome shell installed in ubuntu 11.04 fully. It still, however, uses the ubuntu notification rounded transparent rectangle notifiers at the top right of the screen.

What I want is for it to use the default gnome shell indicators, those that use the tray and hot corner at the bottom right of the screen.

Is this possible? If so, how?

You should just use GNOME Shell in 11.10, it will work as expected.

Try to uninstall notify-osd package and restart.


Is there any chance to install the ubuntu touch preview on a generic tablet? I've been trying to install the ubuntu touch preview on a generic tablet, but I still have no results. It simply won't install!

It doesnt even have the volume button, to enter the boot menu i have to do it from the android settings menu!

Thks
Oscar Gutierrez

You will note the Supported tablets are limited to a small range (Nexus) as per this link https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Touch/Devices

Note that the other supported Tab lets are user supported and most support a limited set of features. It's early days so a lot of stuff will simply not work.

For  the moment Ubuntu only can be flashed in ARMv7 and Intel


How do I allow Hangouts to access camera and Mic in Ubuntu BQ M10 OTA 11? There's no URL bar to click on for making the access and in the settings it won't work as well.

You should get a dialog in the middle of the screen asking about the permissions when you start a video call.

If it doesn't work, try updating and/or restarting your tablet.

You have to install google chrome browser

Then login --> Install the hangout extension from chrome app store.

Launch it --> If it asks for login again inside the app.

The app starts by default when google chrome is launched.

Alternatively you can pin the app in the launch bar. When the app is open it's icon is automatically present in the launch bar. Right click and click pin.

Also you can click on ubuntu terminal and type hangout. The icon gets visible. You can click on it and the app launches.

I f your camera and mic are set properly then the app automatically captures them.


How to install specific Ubuntu packages, with exact version? I want to setup a new virtual machine with some specified packages (name and version), that are provided.

For example apache2 in version 2.2.20-1ubuntu1 with all dependencies. Even if there is a new version of this package on the servers this one should be installed.

The solution has to work/scale with multiple (n) "setups". Another virtual machine might need an older version of apache2.

I currently know of some possibilities that install the exact packages, but do not scale that good:

Copy all required *.deb to every virtual machine manually and enter: dpkg -i ... -> Could work, but it is very error prone. (Manual scripts etc.)
Create and use a new Ubuntu repository for each setup. -> Does not work because I would need n repositories.
Setup the machine once and copy the VM / create a snapshot. -> Does not work because I would need to store n VMs.

My problem could be labeled as patch management, but I do not want to update my packages to the current version. My goal is to install old packages.

You can use apt-get to install a specific version of the package a long as it is in an archive that apt knows about.  From the apt-get manpage:

  A specific version of a package can be selected for installation by following  the package name with an equals and the version of the package to select.  This will cause that version to be located and selected for install.  Alternatively a specific distribution can be selected by following the package name with a slash and the version of the  distribution or the Archive name (stable, frozen, unstable).

For example, you could do:

sudo apt-get install apache2=2.2.20-1ubuntu1

Note that you may need to do some dependency resolution on your own in this case, but if there are any problems apt-get will tell you what is causing them.  On my 11.10 system I would need to do the following to get this to work:

sudo apt-get install apache2=2.2.20-1ubuntu1 \
                     apache2.2-common=2.2.20-1ubuntu1 \
                     apache2.2-bin=2.2.20-1ubuntu1 \
                     apache2-mpm-worker=2.2.20-1ubuntu1

You can display available package versions as follows:

sudo apt list -a apache2

As psusi explains, old versions are not kept in the ubuntu repository, but apparently you can still find them on launchpad. So, you go to (replace trusty and amd64 with your ubuntu version and architecture):

https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/trusty/amd64/apache2

and select the version you desire. Then you download the deb as a file and install with:

dpkg -i apache2_2.4.7-1ubuntu4.20_amd64.deb

Again, replace the filename to your file. This gets tedious if you have to downgrade a lot of packages but it's better than nothing if you're desperate.


How can I downgrade from Audacity 2.2.0 to 2.1.3? I'm using Lubuntu 17.04. I'd like to downgrade Audacity from 2.2.0 (too buggy) to 2.1.3 but am unsure how to do that.

Your help is much appreciated.

Thanks so much for your help. I was able to find the DEB file under "view package details" on this page: https://launchpad.net/~ubuntuhandbook1/+archive/ubuntu/audacity and install, then lock the version via Synaptic as detailed in the link you gave me.


Can I use my Bluetooth headset as a microphone? I have a Motorola S305 Bluetooth headset which I use with my computer often for headphones. I've been using them for a while and have been really pleased with the sound quality, form factor, and battery life.

The only thing is that I haven't found a way to use them as a microphone yet. Is there a way for me to use them for a microphone so that I can seamlessly use them for Skype and other applications?

From the Sound Preferences menu we select the Input tab to choose our Bluetooth device (here depicted for a Philips headset) for audio input:

In order to use your headset for telephony we will also have to make sure, that the hardware is set to Duplex mode in Hardware -> Settings:

Note: In duplex mode the sound quality may not be very high due to usage of the HSP/HFP codecs.

Just try talking into the headsets and see if it work.


remove file but exclude all files in a list I need to cleanup a folder periodically.
I get a filelist which contains text, which files are allowed.
Now I have to delete all files which are not in this file.

Example:

dont-delete.txt:

dontdeletethisfile.txt
reallyimportantfile.txt
neverdeletethis.txt
important.txt

My folder do clean-up contains this as example:

ls /home/me/myfolder2tocleanup/:

dontdeletethisfile.txt
reallyimportantfile.txt
neverdeletethis.txt
important.txt
this-can-be-deleted.txt
also-waste.txt
never-used-it.txt

So this files should be deleted:

this-can-be-deleted.txt
also-waste.txt
never-used-it.txt

I search something to create a delete command with an option to exclude some files provided by file.

The rm command is commented out so that you can check and verify that it's working as needed.  Then just un-comment that line.

The check directory section will ensure you don't accidentally run the script from the wrong directory and clobber the wrong files.

You can remove the echo deleting line to run silently.

#!/bin/bash

cd /home/me/myfolder2tocleanup/

# Exit if the directory isn't found.
if (($?>0)); then
    echo "Can't find work dir... exiting"
    exit
fi

for i in *; do
    if ! grep -qxFe "$i" filelist.txt; then
        echo "Deleting: $i"
        # the next line is commented out.  Test it.  Then uncomment to removed the files
        # rm "$i"
    fi
done

My suggestion is:

sed -e 's/^/\.\//' dont-delete.txt > dont-delete-relative-path.txt
find . -type f -print | grep -Fxvf dont-delete-relative-path.txt | xargs -d'\n' rm

Update 2018-08-07

Example:

1: mkdir /tmp/delete-example && cd /tmp/delete-example
2: touch a b c d
3: echo "./a\n./b\n./dont-delete.txt\n" > dont-delete.txt
4: find . -type f -print | grep -Fxvf dont-delete.txt | xargs -d'\n' rm

Note after line 3 you'll have the dont-delete.txt file with contents:

./a
./b
./dont-delete.txt

(the leading ./ is very important)

The files c and d will be deleted.


Ubuntu forgets theme and reverts to default My documents and folders and all other files have turned into a white paper and the machine and folder menu have the old windows 1990 layout which is very annoying, and I'd like to change it back to the normal. They work just the same as before but they look very bad. It came after a friend of mine clicked the "close computer" button (the button you also turn the computer on with) on the keyboard and then he clicked "turn off/shut down" in the menu that popped - which shouldn't do anything, and this was exactly what he did. Then when I wanted to turn on the computer again I should choose between some system layouts, which I think it was. I chose the most top and from that time on the appearance of files are awful. I don't know how to get back to that menu to switch system layout - been browsing the net for ages and tried closing the computer down like my friend did - nothing works.

Anyone have an idea what to do?

It sounds like you are getting bumped back to some (ugly) default settings, probably because of some settings manager not working. You could try running in a terminal killall gnome-settings-daemon, then gnome-settings-daemon&. (You should be fine to close the terminal, even if it is still giving you more messages. The gnome-settings-daemon program should continue to run, and hopefully your theme will automatically be applied).

its a theme issue, switch your theme to Ubuntu defaults first. I was running mine in GNome Classic UI. Here's what I did:

Log-out, Select Unity as your UI,then log-in
Hopefully your folders are back to normal once you logged-in.
Log-out, Select GNOME Classic. then log-in.

*if your using UNITY already, try doing it in reverse. I can't replicate the error so I can't test if it would work. Hope this helps


.xinitrc with keyboard mapping not working I'm running Ubuntu 13.10. When I remap keys using xmodmap using the instructions at How do I remap certain keys or devices? , the remapping works fine. But when I create the .xinitrc file as a plain text file with xmodmap .Xmodmap in the home folder, and restart the computer, I still lose the changes. I've also tried xmodmap ~/.Xmodmap but that made no difference. When I simply run xmodmap .Xmodmap in the command after booting, it does work. Any ideas?

You can make a script, to run each time you login.

Create an empty .sh file
Input your code inside. It can look like this:

#!/bin/bash
# This is my remapping to change AltGr with W. Edit it to work with yours.
sleep 25
xmodmap -e "remove mod1 = Alt_R"
xmodmap -e "keycode 108 = w W Cyrillic_ve Cyrillic_VE"

Make it executable.
Add it to Application Autostart tab of Session and Startup.


ubuntu server 14.04 port 21 keeps closing I have got a problem with port 21, which keep closing.

I am using proftp and ufw and set port 21 to internal network only. This works fine, however, after a few hours or days (not sure on time limit), port 21 is not accessible anymore. The only way to use it again is to reboot server and it then works fine. Unfortunately, after some time I'm back to the same problem.

It's not exactly a solution, but you probably don't need to reboot you computer, just try to restart your networking service! Your software may be causing some exceptions to occur on your machine, that will later block the port!

When that happens again try this!

sudo service networking restart
#sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart #the old fashioned way

The above will restart your networking interfaces!


No current OS, want to use ubuntu My son has built a computer. It has no operating system. We want to install ubuntu via a usb. His computer has no internet access, so I want to download ubuntu to a usb through my laptop, then use the usb to install it on his. The usb is Fat/32. It looks like the instructions I find on this site are for installing on machines with existing Microsoft or Apple operating systems.

download ubuntu ( disc image ) .iso from the website.

download UUI (or something like that ) from http://www.pendrivelinux.com/universal-usb-installer-easy-as-1-2-3/

It will guide you through the necessary steps to make the usb ready. PS: it will format it.

Now the tricky-ish part is to go to the bios of the computer with no OS and enable USB booting from the boot menu. Giving us the motherboard model of that computer would help.

Best of luck.

You can install Ubuntu with and without another OS pre-installed. Download from here. Make sure the image is put on the USB stick correctly and move booting from USB up in the boot order in the bios settings. There is some shit going on with UEFI, so make sure to disable it in the bios settings.


Ubuntu 14.04, only wallpaper and a mouse cursor is showing I upgraded to Ubuntu 14.04 weeks ago, that was a fresh install. And as usual installed, Unity tweak tool, some themes, Chrome, eclipse etc.

Today, while playing with Unity tweak tool, I mistakenly switched Window spread to off, and bang, no problem yet. After realizing what I did I switched it to on again and then, the title bar of all windows, the status bar (guessing it's called that), and the launcher disappeared. Now I was left with a mouse cursor and the Unity tweak tool window, without the title bar. I thought a restart is needed, but sadly no shutdown option to click on, moreover, the keyboard didn't worked, neither the hardware shutdown button. So, I pressed the reset button.

After a mundane restart, I was welcomed by the wallpaper and the mouse cursor, moving, that's it. Searched everywhere for  a working solution, found some solutions in AskUbuntu itself, but they where all old and required terminal to be used, but since my keyboard isn't working, no access to the terminal. So, ofcource the question isn't a dublicate, at least, IMHO.

Also, I was working on an Android project and have got no backups, so I won't be going for a clean install, or else I will start crying watching my weeks of work being deleted, any solutions, please.

Lets reset the desktop

Press Ctrl + ALT + F2
Then you will get a full screen Terminal.
Login with your Username and Password.

Then execute these commands in order:

rm -r ~/.config
rm -r ~/.compiz
sudo restart lightdm

I logged on in Ubuntu as a guest and was able to see all the menus and shortcuts. I guess some wrong config file cause the symptom, so I mv all files and directories staring with '.' to a temporary directory, and rebooted the system.

Now it works. None of the other solutions worked for me.


Ubuntu disappeared after upgrade! I just wanted to upgrade my 12.04 LTS version to 12.10. After the upgrade and restarting I encounter just a black page with no messages and nothing! Does anyone have an idea about the reasons of this problem and how to repair it?

Can you open a Console? (CTRL+ALT+F1).

If yes, login and enter the following command to upgrade to Ubuntu 14.04 LTS.

sudo apt-get upgrade

If not, try to recover to 12.04 and try to upgrade by using a Terminal (CTRL+ALT+T) where you enter the following line:

sudo apt-get upgrade

Try the following:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get autoclean
sudo apt-get clean
sudo apt-get autoremove
sudo dpkg --remove -force --force-remove-reinstreq xorg

It is the black screen of death, use boot repair disk to set boot parementers to nomodeset. If you don't no how just Google "fix Ubuntu black screen of death". Please vote up if this helps


Sync Tomboy through Ubuntu One and local folders Is there a way to synchronize Tomboy Notes through Ubuntu One and also to a local folder? I'd like to have it sync online with Ubuntu One but also create back ups in a Dropbox folder.

Have a look at inoticoming in the repositories. With this, you should be able to sync to a local directory, and have inoticoming initiate a copy of the files to somewhere else (DropBox, Ubuntu One) as the changes come in. This will also allow you to keep a copy of the previous version somewhere else as well, as I think it lets you perform an operation on the existing files using one of its options.

Set up the TomBoy sync to point to your Ubuntu one or DropBox folder and everything should work as you wish. Go Edit/Preferences in Tomboy, and make sure that Local Directory Sync Service add-in is enabled. Then, under the Synchronization tab, specify the directory (DropBox or Ubuntu One) to sync to.

I'm making the assumption here that you are alright with the single target, as DropBox and Ubuntu One are local folders in addition to being 'cloud' synced folders.

To have it go to multiple places, you should be able to create a new directory that is the target of the 'sync', and ln -s it to both DropBox and Ubuntu One. I think this will have it local, and also synced with both services.


How do I install FreeNX server so that it works correctly? I've tried every single possible way of installing the server now, I've read every how to available and I still can't get it to work. Please let me know in which step I do wrong. I'm using ubuntu 10.10. I will mainly be referring to the following how-to, but also this, and this one.

First I add the ppa
Install Freenx
Download the special Freenx package as stated in the howto, fix ownership - install it
Create custom SSH key
Copy the file /var/lib/nxserver/home/.ssh/client.id_dsa.key to the client and import it in nomachine (windows 7 x64)
Check that both the user I will be logging in with and the user nx is in AllowedUsers in the /etc/ssh/sshd_config file
Check the port that ssh is listening on
Login through nomachine with my regular user account in ubuntu

I always receive the message "authentication failed for [user]" when I try to log in. And I can't see the user "nx" which is said to be created during installation when I look under System->Administration->"Users & Groups". Can anyone please enlighten me if there is any step that I miss or have misunderstood?

Thank you very much!

(Or is there an easier way of enabling remote desktop that it can be used with a windows machine? I prefer not using VNC because I was hoping of being able to get better performance than that. And when I tried using XRDP I only received a black screen on the client.)

First of all, the nx user is a system user (id less than 1000) so he is not visible in System->Administration->"Users & Groups", you should see him in /etc/passwd.

Next, I use freenx server without custom ssh key, so I suggest to make it to work without the added complication of custom key. I restore my security using the firewall to deny access to non desired clients.

teamveawer 6 (teamviewer.com/en/download/index.aspx) or Haguichi (only for Linux OS) (haguichi.net/download) + Hamachi 2 (secure.logmein.com/US/labs) remember if you choose to used the second one installing first hamachi2 and then haguichi.


Matlab Installation "finished"? Hi I am trying to install MATLAB in my Ubuntu 32-bit 13.04 by mounting the ISO. Here are  the steps i followed:

sudo mkdir /media/matlab/
sudo mount /home/"username"/Desktop/Matlab_Unix_2012a/ml2012au.iso /media/matlab/ -t iso9660 -o loop

sudo mkdir /usr/local/matlab/
sudo /media/matlab/install

After all theese commands i get the following message:

Preparing installation files ...
Installing ...
Finished

It is supposed to open a window with the "Matlab installation" but it does nothing.
EXTRA: i read somewhere that if i put -v after the install command it would show me more information about it so here it is:

    Preparing installation files ...
->  DVD                 = /media/matlab
->  ARCH                = glnx86
->  DISPLAY             = :0.0
->  TESTONLY            = 0
->  JRE_LOC             = /tmp/mathworks_2980/sys/java/jre/glnx86/jre
->  LD_LIBRARY_PATH     = /tmp/mathworks_2980/bin/glnx86

Command to run:
/tmp/mathworks_2980/sys/java/jre/glnx86/jre/bin/java  -splash:"/media/matlab/java/splash.png" -Djava.ext.dirs=/tmp/mathworks_2980/sys/java/jre/glnx86/jre/lib/ext:/tmp/mathworks_2980/java/jar:/tmp/mathworks_2980/java/jarext:/tmp/mathworks_2980/java/jarext/axis2/:/tmp/mathworks_2980/java/jarext/guice/:/tmp/mathworks_2980/java/jarext/webservices/ com/mathworks/professionalinstaller/Launcher -root "/media/matlab" -tmpdir "/tmp/mathworks_2980"

Installing ...
Finished

Does anyone know why the installation window isn't showing up?

I just found myself in the same situation with the same problem trying to install MATLAB r2014a in a clean ubuntu 14.04, the solution I found it in a post that said that was problem with the java jre

This worked for me:

./install -javadir /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk/jre/

I know you solved with a other iso, but I think someone else can find themselves with the same problem I could be interesting for them.

Matlab is installed, it didn't show a window because you didn't add a "-v" extension to it.
Somewhat like this

sudo /media/matlab/install -v


Updated 16.04 does not work after login - how can I recover? 16.04 (now updated from 15.10, under Win7/VirtualBox 5.0.18 as a guest) starts, login appears, then nothing can be seen but the bare desktop background picture only.

Can I recover somehow, or return to 15.10 ?

I had a similar problem upgrading 14.04 to 16.04 on my desktop machine (hardware), but had the foresight to make a duplicate of the 14.04 partition before upgrading, so I was able to copy the duplicate back, fix the UUID entries in GRUB and fstab, and get back to the same setup I had before upgrading.

If you don't have a backup of the old OS (an image of the complete partition is best) there's no way I know to revert from a non-working upgraded install to an older version.  The old file versions are overwritten or deleted during the upgrade process.

I tried following commands. It worked for me.
After login, press ctrl+alt+F1/F2.
You get terminal window.
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade.

Please try this.


No bootable device found on Lubuntu When I start my old computer which has Lubuntu 12.04 shows no bootable devices found. Computer was working fine couple of times after I have installed Lubuntu but now it does not start but asks to insert bootable devices.
P.S  In Boot priority order internal HDD is at first.
Please help

You could use a live cd to check or repair the disk
http://gparted.org/download.php
if all is well you can try to repair the boot
https://sourceforge.net/projects/boot-repair-cd/


setting up a new wifi in ubuntu 14.04? Are there any drivers required to setup wifi connectivity using a new router in ubuntu 14.04 like in windows we need extra drivers each and everything ?

No. Ubuntu has almost the driver for every device on planet Earth or eve


How do I change my username? Some time ago, when I installed Ubuntu, I chose a rather stupid username for my account that I do not want to use anymore.
How do I change this (including the name of my home directory, and the name in the terminal) without losing settings for applications?
How do I keep permissions and my keys for various authentification (e.g. email, SSH, GPG and more)?
What settings could possibly get lost if I changed my username?

Unix-like operating systems decouple the user name from the user identity, so you may safely change the name without affecting the ID. All permissions, files, etc are tied to your identity (uid), not your username.

To manage every aspect of the user database, you use the usermod tool.

To change username (it is probably best to do this without being logged in):

sudo usermod -l newUsername oldUsername

This however, doesn't rename the home folder.

To change home-folder, use

sudo usermod -d /home/newHomeDir -m newUsername

after you changed the username.

For instance, you could logout, drop to a console (Ctrl+Alt+F1), and sudo su - to become true root (as opposed to sudo -s, where $HOME is still /home/yourname.) Maybe you also have to kill some still running processes from this user first. To do so, enter ps -u username, look for the matching PID and kill them by kill PID-number.

Update: as arrange mentioned, some files may reference your old home directory. You can either keep a symlink for backward compatibility, e g ln -s /home/newname /home/oldname or you can change the file contents with sed -i.bak 's/*oldname*/*newname*/g' *list of files* It creates a backup for each file with a .bak extension.

Some additional information for not so experienced users like me:
As I only have ONE user account (administrator), it would not let me change the username ("you are already logged in" was the response in TTY1 (Ctrl+Alt+F1). To get around this:

Login with your old credentials and add a new user, e.g. "temporary" in TTY1:

sudo adduser temporary

set the password.
Allow the temporary user to run sudo by adding the user to sudo group:

sudo adduser temporary sudo

Log out with the command exit.
Return to tty1: Login with the 'temporary' user account and password. Change your username and folder as mentioned above. exit (until you get the login prompt)
Go back to TTY7 (Ctrl+Alt+F7) to login on the GUI/normal desktop screen and see if this works.
Delete temporary user and folder:

sudo deluser temporary
sudo rm -r /home/temporary

Since not all the linuces (however Ubuntu must have it) have the usermod app, there is the way you can do it manually. As of root open /etc/passwd to edit with vim or any other editor presening in the system:
sudo vim /etc/passwd

and change the user's name at the beginning of a line:
user:x:500:501:username:home/user:/bin/bash

to:
newuser:x:500:501:username:home/user:/bin/bash

then if you worked of root just login, and if you have been logged in as a user, logoff, and relogin.
Of course you have to fix /etc/shadow, and /etc/group also to the system works properly. Thanx to @JohanBoulé
NOTE: You should use this approach carefully, to not break the system.
NOTE: This approach is common, not only for Ubuntu, but and for ubuntu it will work, however google search will show it event for non ubuntu search, for example for embedded linux


Internet very slow on Ubuntu, but not on Windows I have a 10mb of connection speed, on Windows the download speed is around 1200kbps.

But in Ubuntu it is always around 150kbps, its very slow than expected.

I tried to solve this by changing the server in software channels setting to best server, but this does not work for me.

Same speed on Chrome downloads.

I really hope that you guys can help me with this, because its really bad.

Try to change the MTU.

Open terminal Ctrl + Alt + T and run this command:

sudo iptables -I FORWARD -p tcp --tcp-flags SYN,RST SYN -j TCPMSS --clamp-mss-to-pmtu

try installing the wicd instead the network-manager, described here http://www.techdrivein.com/2012/09/slow-erratic-wifi-ubuntu1204-fixed.html


Trying to uninstall vmware packages but get 'unmet dependencies' error So when I do dpkg --get-selections | grep vmware I get...

vmware-tools-core               install
vmware-tools-esx-nox                install
vmware-tools-foundation             install
vmware-tools-guestlib               purge
vmware-tools-libraries-nox          install
vmware-tools-plugins-autoupgrade        install
vmware-tools-plugins-deploypkg          install
vmware-tools-plugins-guestinfo          install
vmware-tools-plugins-hgfsserver         install
vmware-tools-plugins-powerops           install
vmware-tools-plugins-timesync           install
vmware-tools-plugins-vix            install
vmware-tools-plugins-vmbackup           install
vmware-tools-services               install

I would like to remove these. So for instance when I do...

sudo apt-get -f remove vmware-tools-core

I get...

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 linux-image-virtual : Depends: linux-image-3.2.0-57-virtual but it is not going to be installed
 linux-server : Depends: linux-headers-server (= 3.2.0.56.66) but 3.2.0.57.68 is to be installed
 vmware-tools-esx-nox : Depends: vmware-tools-core (>= 9.0.5) but it is not going to be installed
 vmware-tools-plugins-autoupgrade : Depends: vmware-tools-core-9.0.5
 vmware-tools-plugins-deploypkg : Depends: vmware-tools-core-9.0.5
 vmware-tools-plugins-guestinfo : Depends: vmware-tools-core-9.0.5
 vmware-tools-plugins-hgfsserver : Depends: vmware-tools-core-9.0.5
 vmware-tools-plugins-powerops : Depends: vmware-tools-core-9.0.5
 vmware-tools-plugins-timesync : Depends: vmware-tools-core-9.0.5
 vmware-tools-plugins-vix : Depends: vmware-tools-core-9.0.5
 vmware-tools-plugins-vmbackup : Depends: vmware-tools-core-9.0.5
 vmware-tools-services : Depends: vmware-tools-core-9.0.5
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution).

If I run apt-get -f install I get...

After this operation, 36.3 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue [Y/n]?
(Reading database ... 464964 files and directories currently installed.)
Unpacking linux-image-3.2.0-57-virtual (from .../linux-image-3.2.0-57-virtual_3.2.0-57.87_amd64.deb) ...
Done.
dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/linux-image-3.2.0-57-virtual_3.2.0-57.87_amd64.deb (--unpack):
 failed in write on buffer copy for backend dpkg-deb during `./boot/abi-3.2.0-57-virtual': No space left on device
No apport report written because the error message indicates a disk full error
                                                                              dpkg-deb: error: subprocess paste was killed by signal (Broken pipe)
Examining /etc/kernel/postrm.d .
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/initramfs-tools 3.2.0-57-virtual /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-57-virtual
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/zz-update-grub 3.2.0-57-virtual /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-57-virtual
Errors were encountered while processing:
 /var/cache/apt/archives/linux-image-3.2.0-57-virtual_3.2.0-57.87_amd64.deb
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
johnmlocklear@vweb-dev:~$ sudo apt-get autoremove
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree

Here is the output of dpkg -l 'linux*' http://pastie.org/8528966

My goal is to remove the vmware tools packages. Any help appreciated...

Your problem comes dual. First, you have /boot full of scrub. You need to scrub it! Run dpkg -l 'linux*' and remove the old non-used kernels. That will solve the sudo apt-get -f install problem. The next one you need to remove all the packages in one swoop:

sudo apt-get remove linux-image-server linux-server linux-image-3.2.0-48-virtual linux-image-3.2.0-51-generic linux-image-3.2.0-51-virtual  linux-image-3.2.0-52-generic linux-image-3.2.0-52-virtual linux-image-3.2.0-53-generic linux-image-3.2.0-53-virtual linux-image-3.2.0-56-generic linux-image-3.2.0-56-virtual
sudo apt-get -f install
sudo apt-get autoremove  vmware-tools-esx-nox vmware-tools-services vmware-tools-plugins-* vmware-tools-core
sudo apt-get install linux-server linux-headers-server

That should solve your problem

I have the same problem and I found some useful information on this site  (it's in french).

When I did a di -f command I found that all the i-nodes where being used (100%, please correct me if I'm saying something wrong).

So you should try emptying /usr/src and see if it works.

EDIT: just tested this solution and it worked, I deleted some folders in /urs/src and then I could execute the apt-get -f install command.


How to create UEFI-only bootable USB live media? Having live media that can boot both ways can be a problem when installing Ubuntu onto currently available Windows 8 computers.

In other words the key advantage to creating UEFI-only bootable USB live media is: You know that it definitely booted and installed via UEFI.

 Since Valve has already been doing UEFI-only booting USB installers with their Debian-based Steam OS and UNetbootin — the top voted alternative to Ubuntu's Startup Disk Creator — isn't UEFI compatible and therefore misleading, I think we should have a separate topic for creating UEFI-only bootable USB live media.

Overview
Creating UEFI-only booting USB live media is pretty straight forward. Just copy the files to your FAT32-formatted USB drive. That's it!
Remember that for an installation or booting the media:

You may still need to explicitly tell your computer to boot the media via UEFI.
A GPT partition table like in preinstallations of Windows 8 and later is recommended.
Don't forget to create a partition after you've created the partition table.
Use the latest AMD64 (LTS) ISOs, because these definitely contain UEFI bootloaders.

Table of contents

Copy files from the ISO method

Example via terminal
Example via GUI
Example on Windows

The ISO loopback method (advanced)

Creating the binary
Creating the configuration file
Adding persistency
Checking the integrity
UEFI Secure Boot

Review in 2020

1. Copy files from the ISO method
This method also works for other install media that contains EFI loaders, like Windows for example.
1.1. Example via terminal
You can do something like the following if 604A-00EA is your USB drive and you already have p7zip installed:
$ 7z x ubuntu-12.04-desktop-amd64.iso -o/media/$USER/604A-00EA/

You're done if you have only one partition on this USB drive, otherwise you need to flag the partition as bootable e.g. via parted:
# parted /dev/sdX set 1 boot on

Where /dev/sdX would be your USB drive and 1 the partition number that should be used to boot.
1.2. Example via GUI

Mount the .iso-file and copy the contents over to your USB drive. Press Ctrl+H in Nautilus to display and copy hidden files as well.

Add the boot flag via GParted.

1.3. Example on Windows

Same as above, just copy files.
Press Windows/Super+X, go to Disk Management and check if the partition is marked as active. On Windows versions prior to Windows 8, you press Windows/Super+R to open the run menu and open diskmgmt.msc, that would open Disk Management.

2. The ISO loopback method (advanced)
Instead of extracting contents from an ISO image, GRUB and GRUB2 have been able to boot from ISO images directly through a loopback device. Given that the ISO image is UEFI bootable, we can set up a USB drive containing multiple ISOs with different operating systems without creating a mess on the USB drive.
If you want to boot Windows too you might want to look at SARDU. I remember using it with Windows PE around 2005 and it seems to have been updated to support USB drives and UEFI, but remember that this tool also supports legacy booting.
What do we need?

Very basic knowledge of GRUB configuration files.
Very basic knowledge of UEFI booting and GRUB, as we are going to generate our own GRUB bootloader image with a plenty of modules included.
A UEFI bootable ISO image, a FAT formatted USB drive and a machine that runs Linux.

No, we don't need a UEFI installation of Linux (which may be a chicken and egg situation), a traditional Linux VM like in VirtualBox is fine.

2.1. Creating the binary
On your Ubuntu machine or VM make sure the package grub-efi-amd64-bin is installed (grub-efi-ia32-bin is also available for 32-bit Intel architectures on newer releases). The package may have a different name on another distribution, you can compare the file listing of the package to find the right package on your distribution.
The following command will generate the GRUB image, in this case an EFI binary that every computer with a UEFI firmware should be able to run:
grub-mkimage -o bootx64.efi -p /efi/boot -O x86_64-efi \
 fat iso9660 part_gpt part_msdos \
 normal boot linux configfile loopback chain \
 efifwsetup efi_gop efi_uga \
 ls search search_label search_fs_uuid search_fs_file \
 gfxterm gfxterm_background gfxterm_menu test all_video loadenv \
 exfat ext2 ntfs btrfs hfsplus udf

Every standard UEFI firmware should look into \EFI\BOOT\ for a file named boot{arch}.efi, so create the folders on the USB drive and copy the image we just created to this location. Other architectures instead of x64 are possible, but let's keep it simple with x64/amd64.
2.2. Creating the configuration file
A very basic example for a the grub.cfg configuration file that should be placed in the same directory as bootx64.efi would look like this:
set timeout=3
set color_highlight=black/light-magenta

menuentry 'Boot Ubuntu 14.04.2 LTS from ISO' {
        set isofile="/efi/boot/ubuntu-14.04.2-desktop-amd64.iso"
        loopback loop $isofile
        linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz.efi boot=casper iso-scan/filename=$isofile noprompt noeject quiet splash persistent --
        initrd (loop)/casper/initrd.lz
}
submenu 'Useful snippets' {
    menuentry 'Ubuntu' {
            chainloader /efi/ubuntu/grubx64.efi
    }
    menuentry 'Windows' {
            chainloader /efi/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi
    }
    menuentry 'Firmware Setup' {
            fwsetup
    }
}

The important thing is the configuration block with the title Boot Ubuntu 14.04.2 LTS from ISO. You can change the color and timeout to your preference. I chose black/light-magenta as it still looks a bit Ubuntu-ish but is easily distinguishable when chainloading other configurations. You can find more examples for other distributions in the Arch Wiki and reading the GRUB manual is really worth your time if you want to go beyond that.
Getting back to the configuration block, it should be obvious that the ISO is referenced as /efi/boot/ubuntu-14.04.2-desktop-amd64.iso, so copy your ISO to \EFI\BOOT\ and replace ubuntu-14.04.2-desktop-amd64.iso in the configuration with the actual filename of your ISO.
loopback loop $isofile is the line, that will load our ISO file to a loopback device from which we can boot the Linux kernel directly. This is possible because our EFI GRUB image includes the loopback module. (A bit of trial and error was involved in figuring out which modules are reasonable to include. You shouldn't see any error messages, it's still not perfect though.) Speaking of the kernel you can add kernel parameters like toram, parameters for different languages (example locale=de_DE bootkbd=de) and as in the example: persistent
2.3. Adding persistency
You can add a partition as described in: How do I get a live-USB to use a partition for persistence? Or you can create a casper-rw file and place it at the root of your USB drive.
dd if=/dev/zero of=casper-rw bs=1M count=4094
mkfs.ext4 -m 0 casper-rw

I haven't tested what the absolute maximum is, it should be somewhere between 4094 and 4096 MB. Use a partition if you intend to use more space. Note that every change to the (root) is a modification to the overlay filesystem, even deleting files.
2.4. Checking the integrity
You should look at answers to the following questions to verify that the Live ISO content on the USB drive is in pristine condition:

How can I check the integrity of a downloaded Ubuntu CD?
Can an integrity check be run against a USB boot disk?

2.5. UEFI Secure Boot
Secure Boot will become mandatory with Windows 10 machines, I suggest you have a look at the Linux Foundation's PreLoader to add Secure Boot functionality to this setup. Here is some ASCII art illustrating menus of the accompanying HashTool.
3. Review in 2020
I wrote this answer more than 5 years ago. How well does it still work? It works well for Ubuntu. install.wim from latest Windows 10 images however exceeds the FAT32 maximum file size and bigger images like RHEL 8 also don't fit. I tried Rufus yesterday and noticed that it uses GRUB too with NTFS EFI modules to read another NTFS partition where it stored the Windows installation files. It failed to load data from this partition though. Also exFAT is now commonplace.
Windows is picky with drives that have no partition tables. Trying to re-purpose older SSDs as chunky USB thumb drives does not work really well on Windows. Maybe I need to read some Microsoft documentation to find out what the rationale was to make it a bit more complicated than on Linux.
ChromeOS is a different topic, I think it's not possible to create recovery media the way I prefer. Which is cumbersome when you have to use Windows and reformat the entire drive to create media for your Chromebook.
Interesting stuff, let's hope I find time to fix some of this and learn a few more new things.

Congratulations, I'd say you now mastered UEFI booting and shouldn't be afraid anymore.

Using dd worked for me, for some reason, the GUI version did not work. So, first, you might want to monitor the progess of dd, another options is using the SIGUSR1 option to trigger dd to report it's progress periodically, but this is more complicated than pv.

Then:

sudo dd if=path/to/image/file | pv | sudo dd of=/dev/device_you_want_to_use

(/dev/device_you_want_to_use will typically be /dev/sdb, but check with df!)


Change permanently the priority of all process started by user I have an application on my server that needs to be given more resources and priority than everything else.

The easiest thing to do would probably be to raise the priority of the two users it runs as

How would I do that in a permanent fashion?

NOTE I do not refer to 'niceness', especially as there is no way to permanently set that.

Have a look at the OOM Killer's priority and how it chooses what to kill: https://www.kernel.org/doc/gorman/html/understand/understand016.html

In particular: badness_for_task = total_vm_for_task / (sqrt(cpu_time_in_seconds) * sqrt(sqrt(cpu_time_in_minutes)))

So you can give it a higher "priority" by having it use more CPU and less virtual memory.

You can also set /proc/[pid]/oom_adj to -17 for all processes of the user.  this effectively makes it unkillable: http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man5/proc.5.html


Is there any interactive or more user-friendly version of GDB for debugging? Is there any interactive or more user-friendly version (or substitution) of GDB for debugging?

Some people suggested CGDB, but after a few tests I found it buggy and unstable.

There are multiple graphical frontends for gdb. GNU DDD and KGDB to mention a couple.

GNU DDD:

KGDB:

Update: I failed to mention that gdb actually has a built in text-based user interface if you run it with gdb -tui:

You can try UltraGDB, it is a GDB GUI frontend and lightweight IDE based on Eclipse technology.


Videos won't play when bluetooth connected, ritual needed to make it work I bought a bluetooth headphone that always works in my Android, but in my Ubuntu when I connect it and try to play any video, be it in youtube or a .mp4 opened locally, it won't play. If I disconnect the bluetooth, it plays. I discovered a ritual that needs to be done in order for the headphone to work:

I first connect the bluetooth, then I move its profile in sound settings from High Fidelity Playback to Headset Head Unit, and I click "Test Sound", play a sound an hear some noises. Then I disconnect the bluetooth and connect it again and change to High Fidelity Playback again and test the sound, now it works and I hear "front, left" when I test the sound. Then everything works fine.

Is there a way to fix it? It's very annoying to do it every time I disconnect from my PC.

UPDATE: even now that I updated to Zetsy it still have this same problem

Bluetooth on Linux always has been a pain.  I would suggest either doing a fresh install of Zesty, buy a new Bluetooth headset that can just be used with the Ubuntu device, and/or buy a new wired headset/phone.

The Python program in this GitHub gist fixes problems playing videos in web browsers while connected to Bluetooth audio devices.
To use it, run a2adp.py in any IDE (such as VS Code).


How do I set a custom keyboard shortcut to control volume? I would like to be able to set three custom keyboard shortcuts to be able to decrease, increase and mute the volume in Ubuntu 12.04 (Unity). On my old Ubuntu 10.04 (Gnome) system I made CTRL + [, CTRL + ] and CTRL + \ my commands to achieve this.

What is the simplest way to go about this?

@dobey's solution works if you want to have only one keyboard shortcut for increasing / decreasing the volume.
If instead you want to have multiple key bindings controlling the volume (like to keep the default volume buttons on your laptop working, while adding additional keyboard shortcuts to use when you connect an external keyboard that does not have volume controls), then:

Go to System Settings → Keyboard → Shortcuts → Custom Shortcuts.

Click + to add a new keyboard shortcut. Set the "Name" to Volume up, "Command" to
amixer -D pulse sset Master 5%+ and click Apply.

Click Disabled next to your new key and choose the desired binding on your keyboard.

Add another shortcut with name Volume down and command
amixer -D pulse sset Master 5%-

I had the same type of issue, I can confirm this syntax works:

amixer set Master 5%%-
amixer set Master 5%%+

Also be sure to not use - or + characters inside your custom shortcut name.
I first used "Volume -" and "Volume +" which failed. Using "Volume up" and "Volume down" worked much better.


How to integrate Pidgin on Ubuntu 12.10 I have just recently updated my system to Ubuntu 12.10 and I cannot integrate Pidgin with the toolbars any more! Can any one give me a clue on how to do it? Thanks

By the tool bars, I'm guessing you mean the message indicator menu. In this case, this is a known bug: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/indicator-messages/+bug/1040259

In 12.10, the libindicate API was deprecated and a new API was introduced (libmessaging-menu). If you look at the bug page, many applications are in the process of being ported to this new API, including Pidgin.

Looks like the Pidgin bug is in progress at least, so we'll have to wait this out.

Ciao! prova a dare un'occhio a questo link
https://launchpad.net/~pidgin-developers/+archive/ppa/

Può esserti di aiuto!

--
Translation

Hello! tries to give an eye to this link https://launchpad.net/~pidgin-developers/+archive/ppa/

It may be helpful to!


How to boot without monitor with 12.04 on a PowerPC (yaboot) So I just successfully installed Ubuntu 12.04 LTS on my retired PowerMac G5. Everything is working great, but I would like to run this computer headless and use either SSH or VNC to control it.

It appears that Ubuntu or Yaboot refuses to boot without a monitor being connected to the graphics card.

I found: How to remove the graphical user interface? but that only applies to GRUB, which I assume cannot be used on a PowerPC computer.

I'm assuming I need to change something in yaboot.conf, but I can't find an clear advice.

I came across this issue as well, and I've spent nearly 2 hours online searching for solutions. You were on the right track, yaboot is the right place to look at. However, there are some more to do before we get rid of that useless monitor.

I found an email conversation, which resolves our problem. I am not too sure if you've resolved yours, but for the benefit of others, I will repost the solution and link here. (Just because Google thinks there is a solution here...)

Link: http://comments.gmane.org/gmane.linux.ports.ppc.embedded/34058

In case the link expires, here is the copy-and-paste:

Credit goes to: Romain Goyet wrote on 24 Mar 2010 11:32

Hi there,

  Here's a summary about "how to boot a PowerMac G5 without a screen
attached". As many people have noticed, default yaboot install won't
boot unless a screen is attached.

  Actually, the workaround is really simple. Thing is, that's the
"ofboot.b" script that messes things up. This script is a "bridge",
that actually either starts yaboot or let you boot off of a CD. I
don't know what's the point, since OpenFirmware already lets you boot
off of the CD by pressing C on boot…

  So basically, to boot headless, all you have to do is to tell
OpenFirmware to boot straight off the yaboot binary, and to skip the
ofboot.b
Just boot into OpenFirmware (Command-Option-O-F), and type :
setenv boot-device hd:2,yaboot (where 2 is the number of the partition
containing yaboot)
boot

And here you go, you can unplug that useless monitor

References :
http://saintaardvarkthecarpeted.com/blog/archive/2005/02/THE_WINE_OF_BOOT.html
http://grub.enbug.org/TestingOnPowerPC

By the way, as of writing this, grub2 on PPC from debian gives a "out
of memory" issue. Known bug.
_______________________________________________
Linuxppc-dev mailing list

You can use grub on PowerPC, instructions are in the PowerPC FAQ wiki (I'm not going to type them out here).  Though you can use the "text" parameter with yaboot.  To test, boot with:

Linux text

To make it permanent amend your yaboot.conf, replacing "quiet splash" with "text", or adding it on the end "quiet splash text".  Don't forget to run ybin after changes!


Touch screen and mouse not correctly functional on tablet Greetings, all.

I have run Ubuntu off a live USB stick on my tablet computer. However, the touch screen behaves erratically - in different ways for different versions, too.

In version 10.10, no presses are detected by the computer, unless I press with two fingers, at which point the cursor will jump to one of the fingers, but not click.

In version 11.04, the pointer moves with one finger but still doesn't click. Sometimes it clicks but only on a few controls.

In both versions, plugging in a mouse didn't work - the mouse merely moves around, with clicks not at all being noticed.

Is there any software or things available to rectify this situation? Thanks in advance for any answers.

Just an idea:
-I may not be able to solve your problem, but try this so you can get more feedback

Open any application that has buttons, like a calculator... when you see on screen such buttons... try this:
-Touch (but not move), then release... do it softly
-Touch (but not move), then release... do it hardy but with care to not brake the display

If it does different things... maybe your touchscreen is working correctly, but presure is missconfigured, so search for how to configure presure levels...

One day with my Notebook and Ubuntu, i was able to paint on Gimp with presure levels (with both, the stylus and my finger)... so there must be anywhere a presure level detector...

Maybe yours is to high, so you need to much presure for clicking to be detected, in such case lowering it a little may help, but do not lower it too much or your finger will make clicks all the time, just not desired when dragging... balance the level to your confort.


Update Manger in 11.10 does not show Ubuntu 12.04 as available for update I have Ubuntu 11.10.  When I go to Update Manager it does not show 12.04 as available to upgrade system.  In settings there is no way fro

Run this command in terminal: update-manager -d and you'll be ok.


.wav files in Rhythmbox? The default music player does not play .wav files. Please help me.

Ensure you have installed the restricted extra's package from the software centre, you may also find the following worth a read.

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RestrictedFormats

you can use vlc or install codecs of it through internet...


Flash crashes and reboots computer .
Hi! and thanks for your help in advance. Recently I bought a laptop with an A8-6410B. I installed  ubuntu 14.10 without issues but when using sites like youtube, the computer crashes and reboots by itself.

I suspect is the flash puglin, because every time, seconds before the computer rebooting, the video stops, makes a weird sound repeating the last sound (like a scratch disk) and then reboots. I installed diferent flash plugins but no solution in that. Anyone can help me?

try removing flash and re-install in some occasions, it has worked for me, with ubuntu 10.04 and ubuntu 14.04


How can I remove icons from the application panel in GNOME 3 I really dislike the look of having that icon up there.

Is there a way to remove it?

Try holding Alt then right clicking on the icon


Lenovo T480 with Thunderbolt Docking Pro - USB 2.0 devices not recognized I've searched many times but I was not able to find any solution, so that is why I am asking here:
I am suing Lenovo T480 with Lenovo Docking Pro station which is actually Thunderbolt docking station.
However, after doing all suggested setting over the internet for the thunderbolt, I am ablt to use only USB 3.0 devices on the docking station USB ports. The station has 3 USB 3.0 and 2 USB 2.0 ports, but on all of them USB 2.0 devices are not recognized by my Ubuntu 19.04 with kernel 5.0.0-13
However - for example on the USB 3.0 ports - flash drive with USB 3 support works fine, but my keyboard and mouse are not.

dmesg is reporting:
[    6.162196] usb usb3-port1: Cannot enable. Maybe the USB cable is bad?
[    6.162232] usb usb3-port1: unable to enumerate USB device

In my /etc/default/grub I have added:
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash usbcore.autosuspend=-1 acpi=force iommu=soft"

and in my BIOS I've changed the Thunderbolt Assist to Enabled and Thunderbolt Security to No Security. Also updated the bios and the docking firmware to the latest versions from Lenovo support website. Still no change.
I guess it is something with the linux kernel itself, that does not recognize the USB 2.0 devices there as they are actully trying to pass (at least some error is appearing)
I was having such issue long time ago with an Gigabyte desktop motherboard for socked AM3+ and there I had to disable the hardware IOMMU and enable the soft IOMMU in the kernel, but this is not helping here.

Please, give me some advice as this is really frustrating!
Thanks!

Reset the usb system for the usb port on the dock:

echo -n "0000:3c:00.0" | sudo tee /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xhci_hcd/unbind; sleep 2 && \
echo -n "0000:3c:00.0" | sudo tee /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xhci_hcd/bind

Somehow the issue solved itself in my case after months of irritation -- probably a kernel fix.

I have the same issue. these docking stations are garbage. Creating lots of extra work at my company.  the docking station firmware update makes it worse. Lenovo needs to get their act together and fix this. I have found putting the computer to sleep and putting back on the dock sometimes helps. i also found running the lenovo system update until the external stuff starts working then quit out before it actually does anything.


Creating New Network This has probably been hashed out somewhere here, but I haven’t found it:
I’m a high school teacher, and assistant tech coordinator. I’m thinking of converting my lab to Ubuntu and currently have some standalone test machines going. I’ve been using some flavor of MS Server for the last 15 years so I’m a bit familiar with that environment, but here are the questions:

If I built a blended network with a Windows server and Ubuntu clients, what is the general consensus on systems like Centrify or Likewise (BeyondTrust?).  Any other recommendations?
If I made a pure Ubuntu network, is there a guide that could be recommended for setting up an entire Ubuntu network from scratch? Main features I need to operate with are: roaming profiles (so students can use any machine and still have their files), and a way to manage user access and o/s permissions (i.e. limiting their ability to customize their system).
In a pure Ubuntu network, what add-ons would be recommended? (A way to create accounts from a csv would be nice.)

I can’t really depend upon any cloud based solutions as bandwidth on the campus is shaky. Within my lab I’m running gigabit whereas the rest of the campus has 100 Mb the often seems to lose its connection. I don’t want to use thin clients as this lab’s main focus is imaging so we have rather large image files along with some minor video editing, and next year I’m planning on adding 3D graphics.


Dropbox is asking me to change location to Ext4 My Dropbox keeps telling me, that it needs to be moved to ext4 filesystem.

The problem is, that when I have a look at my disk, I see this:

It seems, that my filesystem already is ext4.

Do you have any idea, what could be wrong? I found a similar question here.

I'm using only encrypted home folder - could the problem be solved just by moving my Dropbox folder outside of it?

Dropbox doesn't support eCryptfs.

As per this official documentation

  Note: ecryptfs is not supported, but Dropbox will continue to sync with supported file systems that are encrypted via full disk encryption (e.g. LUKS)

Also another important note

  If you’re running a supported operating system, but you see a message that your computer is unsupported, you may be running Dropbox in an unsupported configuration.

I have Ext4 partition on Linux Mint system and the same notification to change dropbox folder , but i resoved with UnlockMe sotware and his dropbox fix option . You can see it in attached image .  This was a solution for me . Bye


Where does one get pretty screensavers for Xubuntu (xfce, xscreensaver)? I browsed through the default set of screensavers and the most are ugly, a couple are decent and the only quality ones are Flurry, GLSlideshow, MetaBalls are PopSquares. Where does one find more nice screensavers for Xubuntu? APT repository or xfce-look.org doesn't seem to have it. Or would you recommend running gnome-screensaver instead of xscreensaver? What options are there so that my screen doesn't display rough (not antialiased) visualizations of mathematic obsessions?

Have you added the following packages using Synaptic Package Manager?

xscreensaver-data, xscreensaver-data-extra, xscreensaver-gl,xscreensaver-gl-extra, rss-glx

These are the screensaver files themselves. For the rss-glx screensavers, please read the documentation in /usr/share/doc/rss-glx to properly install them into xscreensaver.

Xscreensaver is a dated application and you would not find too many good good looking screensavers for it. I would personally recommend that you use gnome-screensaver. Look here if you have any problems.

http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/linux-software-2/using-gnome-screensaver-in-xfce-and-not-xscreensaver-458516/


Commands and packages relationship I want to find out what commands installing a package makes available in my console.

For example: If I want to run the command quiz in bash, I have to install a set of packages by asking apt-get to install bsdgames.

You can either do:

apt-file update
apt-file search quiz

or directly go to http://packages.ubuntu.com/ and use the feature "Search the contents of packages".

Open a terminal and run

sudo apt-add-repository universe
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install bsdgames

to add the Universe repository, to update the package information and to install bsdgames, quiz is part of this package.

After that you can run

quiz

in your terminal.

Why? That's why.


How do I fix a "Previous installation hasn't been completed." error in Software Center? Ubuntu Software Center crashes whenever I try to install something. It shows the following error:

  Previous installation hasn't been completed.

  The installation could have failed because of an error in the corresponding software package or it was cancelled in an unfriendly way. You have to repair this before you can install or remove any further software.

How do I fix this?

Simply install anything through the terminal, such as ccsm Using sudo apt-get install ccsm. If it fails to install, check its output. It will tell you a recommended solution, or a command to run to fix it. At most times, the command is sudo dpkg --configure -a But it varies according to the problem.

Did you try removing some of your ppa's from update manager, sometimes if you have installed ppa's through your terminal this also adds them to your update manager and also affects how software centre reacts when too many ppa's are selected, so Ubuntu Software Centre is not broke but can't install programs due to this.  Trust me I reinstalled my OS so many times because of this stupid annoying problem.  Eventually I couldn't even use my Terminal.

Try this open dash type update manager, open it,click -settings, then click other software, then uncheck all the ppa's that you've installed and keep your main ones like "Independent (Source code)

I'd uncheck all the ones below source code.  I could never could figure out this annoying problem until I solved it with this solution.  I really hope this works for you it did for me.  Cheers!


apt-get dependency issue Open-SSH Client This is on an Ubuntu 12.04 Server.

I'm getting this error when trying to run any apt-get install (trying to install unrelated, arbitrary packages):

dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of openssh-server:
 openssh-server depends on openssh-client (= 1:5.9p1-5ubuntu1.1); however:
  Version of openssh-client on system is 1:5.9p1-5ubuntu1.4.
dpkg: error processing openssh-server (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure.
                                                                                dpkg: dependency probms prevent configuration of ssh:
 ssh depends on openssh-server; however:
  Package openssh-server is not configured yet.
dpkg: error processing ssh (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure.
                                                                                Errors were encounter while processing:
 openssh-server
 ssh
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

Installing the client version in question leads to:

sudo apt-get install openssh-client=1:5.9p1-5ubuntu1.1
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
E: Version '1:5.9p1-5ubuntu1.1' for 'openssh-client' was not found

Various attempts to fix it with lack of background knowledge failed, e.g.

dpkg-reconfigure -a
apt-get -f install

Can somebody give advice how to tackle the problem, possibly demanding more infos that are necessary from my side?

How can the openssh update (that I guess failed) be reverted or taken out of focus, so I am able to install other packages?

Edit:

Output of apt-cache policy openssh-client is:

openssh-client:
  Installed: 1:5.9p1-5ubuntu1.4
  Candidate: 1:5.9p1-5ubuntu1.4
  Version table:
 *** 1:5.9p1-5ubuntu1.4 0
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates/main amd64 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
     1:5.9p1-5ubuntu1.3 0
        500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security/main amd64 Packages
     1:5.9p1-5ubuntu1 0
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise/main amd64 Packages

Just for completeness the /etc/apt/sources.list:

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security main restricted universe multiverse

Just remove these packages to let you use apt for other packages.
Execute this commands in terminal.

sudo apt-get remove openssh-server openssh-client --purge && sudo apt-get autoremove && sudo apt-get autoclean && sudo apt-get update

Then reinstall openssh server and client .

sudo apt-get install openssh-server openssh-client

When removing/purging openssh-server and openssh-client are not an option (for example when another package depends on them)

This did the trick for me:

sudo dpkg -i /var/cache/apt/archives/openssh-*.deb
sudo dpkg --configure -a


Does “Install this third-party software” add the proprietary Nvidia driver or only Codecs? I'm installing Ubuntu on a Dell Latitude E6520 with an Optimus configuration.

I'd like to not install the NVIDIA proprietary drivers, but I would like to get all codecs possible. However, I'm not sure what the "Install third-party software" option in the installer does.

Will I get just the codecs, or will I get drivers too?

The "Install this third-party software" option in the Ubuntu installer installs a group of frequently used media codecs, but it does not install all possible codecs, for example codecs which are rarely used. The "Install this third-party software" option in the Ubuntu installer also does not install proprietary graphics drivers such as the proprietary Nvidia graphics driver. Open source graphics drivers are built-in by default in Ubuntu.

The proprietary Nvidia graphics driver can be installed in Ubuntu using the built-in Additional Drivers utility or from the terminal with the following commands:

sudo ubuntu-drivers autoinstall
sudo reboot

The ubuntu-drivers autoinstall command installs drivers that are appropriate for automatic installation including their dependencies, and the Nvidia driver will also be updated automatically when an update is available.

When installing a proprietary graphics driver, it is not necessary to uninstall the open source graphics driver. The two graphics drivers can be installed alongside each other allowing the open source graphics driver to be used as a fallback alternative in case there is a problem using the proprietary graphics driver.

Third Party software in Ubuntu enables an extra repository that allow you to download closed source softwares. By example, Nvidia doesn't provide the source code of their drivers, this is why you need to activate this third-party software repository. Third party means that Ubuntu is not responsible of the content as the binaries are build by third party users (like Nvidia).


I am new and want to do a dual boot of windows 10 and Ubuntu. How I should manage my built in 120 gb SSD? I am using Toshiba Z10t laptop+tablet . It is i 5 having 4 gb of RAM and 120 gb of built in SSD. So , I am very confused how to dual boot windows 10 and Ubuntu . Currently it is pre-installed windows 8. And also want to know how i should manage my partitions . It will be required two partitions (like one for Windows 10 and other one for Ubuntu) or it can be managed both in one partition . Actually i have no idea how to do it so need step by step guide . Love Community

You're asking for a step by step guide and there is one here already:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Installation

There's also a couple of nice guides with pictures specifically for dual-booting:

https://www.itzgeek.com/how-tos/linux/ubuntu-how-tos/how-to-install-ubuntu-18-04-alongside-with-windows-10-or-8-in-dual-boot.html

https://www.linuxtechi.com/dual-boot-ubuntu-18-04-lts-with-windows-10/

The minimum requirements in the official documentation say 25GiB of hard drive space is needed. In my experience, a fresh install takes up about half of that, but you want to have a little bit of room to install other programs and store your own files etc.

You would be better to do a bit of reading and understand a little about what you're doing first, but basically Windows will have it's own partition and Ubuntu will have it's own partition. One hard disk drive with separate sections for each operating system.

The easiest way to go about it is to use Windows to shrink the 'windows' partition in order to make space on the Hard Drive (SSD) for Ubuntu to have it's own partition.

In the 'Control Panel' program there is a section to manage hard drive partitions. Use that to shrink your 'Windows' partition as much as it will let you.

Try Ubuntu first using a Live USB. This will ensure that it's going to work fine on your hardware - you say you've got a sort of tablet/laptop, so you want to be sure that the touchscreen, wifi, sound etc are all fine before you try installing it.

I'd recommend using the program called Rufus to create your Live USB on Windows.

If you can free up about 30GiB of space on your SSD, then choosing the 'Install Ubuntu alongside Windows' option will let the installer deal with it without you having to worry about it.

1st of all you need to ensure your disk has mbr format (most of preinstaled laptops disk are gpt to be able to manage more than 4 partitions).

Once you've ensured that your laptop has te correct format you havae to create a new partition for Ubuntu. I recomend you to install both sistems in the same disk so you have to create a new partition in your SSD.

After that, just install Ubuntu as allways (If you wanna install W10 instead of W8, install Windows allways 1st) PAY ATTENTION when it asks you to install Linux Grub, it's 100% necesary yo let you boot both systems.
Once you have your dual system, you can use Grub Customizer in Ubuntu to edit your grub as you want.