Disable port in pulseaudio When I run a steam streaming session the port selected on my main soundcard keeps getting switched back to speakers.

Where can I configure pulseaudio to completely disable one of the output port?

pacmd list-sinks outputs:

1 sink(s) available.
* index: 0
name: <alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-stereo>
driver: <module-alsa-card.c>
flags: HARDWARE HW_MUTE_CTRL HW_VOLUME_CTRL DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY DYNAMIC_LATENCY
state: RUNNING
suspend cause:
priority: 9959
volume: front-left: 65536 / 100% / 0.00 dB,   front-right: 65536 / 100% / 0.00 dB
        balance 0.00
base volume: 65536 / 100% / 0.00 dB
volume steps: 65537
muted: no
current latency: 17.29 ms
max request: 3 KiB
max rewind: 64 KiB
monitor source: 0
sample spec: s16le 2ch 48000Hz
channel map: front-left,front-right
             Stereo
used by: 1
linked by: 1
configured latency: 21.33 ms; range is 0.50 .. 341.33 ms
card: 1 <alsa_card.pci-0000_00_1b.0>
module: 7
properties:
    alsa.resolution_bits = "16"
    device.api = "alsa"
    device.class = "sound"
    alsa.class = "generic"
    alsa.subclass = "generic-mix"
    alsa.name = "ALC3223 Analog"
    alsa.id = "ALC3223 Analog"
    alsa.subdevice = "0"
    alsa.subdevice_name = "subdevice #0"
    alsa.device = "0"
    alsa.card = "1"
    alsa.card_name = "HDA Intel PCH"
    alsa.long_card_name = "HDA Intel PCH at 0xe3614000 irq 46"
    alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
    device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:1b.0"
    sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card1"
    device.bus = "pci"
    device.vendor.id = "8086"
    device.vendor.name = "Intel Corporation"
    device.product.id = "9c20"
    device.product.name = "8 Series HD Audio Controller"
    device.form_factor = "internal"
    device.string = "front:1"
    device.buffering.buffer_size = "65536"
    device.buffering.fragment_size = "32768"
    device.access_mode = "mmap+timer"
    device.profile.name = "analog-stereo"
    device.profile.description = "Analogue Stereo"
    device.description = "Built-in Audio Analogue Stereo"
    alsa.mixer_name = "Realtek ALC3223"
    alsa.components = "HDA:10ec0283,102805fb,00100003"
    module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
    device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
ports:
    analog-output-speaker: Speakers (priority 10000, latency offset 0 usec, available: unknown)
        properties:
            device.icon_name = "audio-speakers"
    analog-output-headphones: Headphones (priority 9000, latency offset 0 usec, available: yes)
        properties:
            device.icon_name = "audio-headphones"
active port: <analog-output-headphones>

Note: I only recommended this method if you wish to disable a port for the long-term. If you want to fix undesired automatic port switching, and still be able to use all of your ports, I recommend a different solution.

To completely disable a port:

Navigate to /usr/share/pulseaudio/alsa-mixer/paths

Find the .conf file for the port you want to disable and add .backup to its name.

In your case, you might want to change analog-output-speaker.conf to analog-output-speaker.conf.backup

This makes the file invisible to pulseaudio while retaining it as a backup.

To make the change effective, log out and log in.

To disable a port for the long term:

Identify ports to disable via pacmd list-cards.
Edit /usr/share/pulseaudio/alsa-mixer/profiles/defaultconf.
Comment out every block containing your port (for example hdmi-output-2).
Log out and log in.

On Ubuntu 18.04, the solution of disabling alsa-mixer paths is not working, you have to edit profiles.


How do I connect my server to a WEP encrypted wireless network? I've recently started working with Ubuntu Server 10.04, but I'm having a problem while connecting to WEP-encrypted Wifi.

I've tried the following:

sudo ifconfig wlan0 down
sudo dhclient -r wlan0
sudo ifconfig wlan0 up
sudo iwconfig wlan0 essid "<essid>"
sudo iwconfig wlan0 key <hex key>

Then, I tried to connect to the Wifi by running sudo dhclient wlan0, however, I keep getting the same error- No DHCPOFFERS received.

Am I doing this the right way, or is there something I'm forgetting?

sudo ifconfig yields:

wlan0 Link encap: Ethernet HWAaddr 00:1f:1f:3b:3c:3e
UP BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
X bytes:0 (0.0B) TX Bytes:0 (0.0B)

While  sudo iwconfig yields:

wlan0 IEEE 802.11bg ESSID:"GlobalNetwork"
Mode:Managed Access Point: Not-Associated Tx-Power:8 dBm
Retry long limit:7 RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off
Encryption key:my-hex-key
Power Management:off

I'm trying to connect with a Ralink RT2561 that shows up with lshw -C network.

Any help you can give me is much appreciated, what am I doing wrong?

The error you are receiving ( "No DHCPOFFERS received" ) seems to suggest that there is no DHCP server in your network. So I do not think is a WEP problem...

I assume that your are trying to connect to a "normal" router ( so you do not have separate DHCP server, firewalls or other stuff between your server and the router ).

disable wep and try to connect again to the network. If this works, probably there was an error in the WEP password you entered.
try to connect to the network by cable. This way you can check if through ethernet the DHCP works and an IP address is given to your server. If you receive an IP address the problem could be wireless card drivers or misconfiguration.
check DHCP setting for the router. Maybe something is messed up on the router side, access it's configuration page and try to understand if settings are correct. You can also try to connect to the wifi connection through another computer ( just to be sure that the problem is the server! )
config your server to use a static IP address ( this way you won't be using DHCP ):
http://usefulubuntu.blogspot.com/2009/01/create-static-ip-from-command-line.html
Please remember to check the IP address you will insert ( could be taken by someone else in the network ) and be sure to put the correct gateway address!

You need to use the #1 Key, NOT the Passphrase.  The key shows "Default" and cannot be changed, but when I entered the key instead of the passphrase - BOOM - I was, and am connected.


How can I edit my Grub bootloader entries (Hide, Rename, Remove)? So basically I have a pretty flooded Grub bootloader, with older linux versions, 3 operating systems and memtests. What I want is to leave the operating systems only. I need to know how to do it manually, and I need someone to tell me what should I be aware of when a new kernel is released. Thanks in advance.

The blog post GRUB2 revisited will provide you with a blow-by-blow set of instructions on how to manually edit GRUB2's configuration files.  If you check the other postings in the series (by filtering on Category = GRUB) you will also find information on removing old kernels and what happens when a new kernel arrives as an update.  The postings include references to a number of related web sites.

Using gedit, edit the grub.cfg file located at /boot/grub.

Remove the one which is not working. For example there are two entries located on different partitions /dev/sda3 and /dev/sda4. You would have to delete from menuentry to } (which means close).

Then press save and voila.

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###
menuentry 'Windows 7 (loader) (on /dev/sda4)' --class windows --class os $menuentry_id_option 'osprober-chain-BABCA4EEBCA4A67B' {
    insmod part_msdos
    insmod ntfs
    set root='hd0,msdos4'
    if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
      search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos4 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos4 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos4  BABCA4EEBCA4A67B
    else
      search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root BABCA4EEBCA4A67B
    fi
    chainloader +1
}
menuentry 'Windows 7 (loader) (on /dev/sda3)' --class windows --class os $menuentry_id_option 'osprober-chain-BABCA4EEBCA4A67B' {
    insmod part_msdos
    insmod ntfs
    set root='hd0,msdos4'
    if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
      search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos4 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos4 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos4  BABCA4EEBCA4A67B
    else
      search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root BABCA4EEBCA4A67B
    fi
    chainloader +1
}
### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###

I delete /dev/sda3, after deletion it will look like this

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###
menuentry 'Windows 7 (loader) (on /dev/sda4)' --class windows --class os $menuentry_id_option 'osprober-chain-BABCA4EEBCA4A67B' {
    insmod part_msdos
    insmod ntfs
    set root='hd0,msdos4'
    if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
      search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos4 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos4 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos4  BABCA4EEBCA4A67B
    else
      search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root BABCA4EEBCA4A67B
    fi
    chainloader +1
}
### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###


How to make Gwibber notifications clickable? One of the accounts that I have in Gwibber is my Twitter account. It nicely shows every now and then notifications with the new twits.
Whenever a twit has a link (URL) within it I feel an urge to click on the link withing the notification to directly open it within a browser. However, it seems like notifications are not clickable and when hovering over them they just become opaque.

Is there a way to make those links clickable?

Actually, notify-osd does support this. However, gwibber does not send notifications with the necessary hints to require interaction. And the way notify-osd handles it, may not be what you want. The way this is handled in Unity, is that gwibber adds itself to the Messages indicator, and you click on there to open the gwibber UI, when you get a notification, if you wish to do that.

To make gwibber do it, even if you switch to notification-daemon instead of notify-osd, you will need to patch the code in gwibber to add the necessary hints of interactivity, to the notifications themselves.

You should create a new version of notify-osd (the package that shows notifications)


How to mount a hard disk as read-only from the terminal How do you mount a hard disk from the command line as read-only?  I don't want or need a link to the man page, I want the exact thing I will have to type in if the following is true:

disk to mount is on /dev/sda
it is 2 TB
-it is critical that I mount it read-only and not read-write. Very critical.
I'm doing it from a live Ubuntu CD so I have no business to edit the fstab or any file for that matter

You do not mount /dev/sda, that refers to the entire disk. You mount /dev/sda1 or whatever partition you want.

Make a mount point, call it anything you like.

sudo mkdir /media/2tb

Mount

sudo mount -o ro /dev/sda1 /media/2tb

When your done, you should unmount the disk

sudo umount /media/2tb

See man mount or https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Fstab

Step 1: After connecting the disk to the machine, give the command below to see what it shows the disk as.

sudo fdisk -l

It will show the disk as /dev/sda or /dev/sdb with a partion table.

Disk /dev/sdb: 7.5 GiB, 8053063680 bytes, 15728640 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos

Disk identifier: 0x0e0e8e70

    Device     Boot   Start     End Sectors  Size Id Type
    /dev/sdb1  *          0 2902111 2902112  1.4G  0 Empty
    /dev/sdb2       2888004 2892739    4736  2.3M ef EFI (FAT-12/16/32)

Step 2: Execute the command below to see where it is mounted. For example,

$ sudo df -HT

Filesystem                  Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev                        devtmpfs  4.2G     0  4.2G   0% /dev
tmpfs                       tmpfs     829M   10M  819M   2% /run
/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-root ext4      484G  149G  311G  33% /
tmpfs                       tmpfs     4.2G   20M  4.2G   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs                       tmpfs     5.3M  4.1k  5.3M   1% /run/lock
tmpfs                       tmpfs     4.2G     0  4.2G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1                   ext2      495M  111M  359M  24% /boot
/dev/sdb1                   iso9660   1.5G  1.5G     0 100% /media/username/Ubuntu

Step 3: Finally execute the command below to remount it as an ro only.

sudo mount -o remount,ro /dev/sdb1   /media/username/Ubuntu


Nautilus - Connect to Server (nfs) I can't connect to NFS share using nautilus "Connect to server" in "Other Location". "Connect" button seems to be disabled. Didn't find any logs related to this.

Already tried apt install gvfs-backends from other answer but didn't work. Mounting using mount -t nfs server.local:/srv/nfs /mnt works but I'd like to do this using nautilus and without root permissions.

Create a directory for your username under /media/  and then a directory under that to mount you nfs share. Then add the nfs mount to /etc/fstab

eg:

 # mkdir -p /media/username/nfs_share
 # chown -R username: /media/username

and then add the following to /etc/fstab

server.local:/srv/nfs   /media/username/nfs_share   nfs    user,noauto    0   0

then restart gnome files (nautilus) and it should appear in 'other locations' as your what ever you called the mount point. in this case it would appear as 'nfs_share'

You may need to kill nautilus from the command line and then re-start it because it likes to background rather than exit when you close it.

pkill nautilus

Don't use the directory /media/username as the mount point because you may want other shares and udisks may want to mount something else in there at some point.

This work for me. I went into nautilus and found /mnt/your_mount_here and dragged it over under my other drives and it created the bookmark automatically


WUBI Boot Configuration Error Possible Duplicate:
  Wubi Installer Error: The boot configuration data store could not be opened

I've recently been trying to install WUBI Ubuntu version 11.10 on my Win7 x64 laptop. It has, however, been failing to work. The installation itself seems to work fine, but at the very end, I get the following error:

An error occurred:

Error executing command
>>command=C:\Windows\sysnative\bcdedit /create /d Ubuntu /application bootsector
>>retval=1
>>stderr=The boot configuration data store could not be opened.
The system cannot find the file specified.

>>stdout=

For more information see the log file:
..\local\temp\wubi-11.10-rev245.log

This sucks.

I proceeded to google this error, and found Wubi Installer Error: The boot configuration data store could not be opened , which details the exact same problem. However, I don't have any 100 meg partitions, nor any secret partitions, nor any partitions without drive letters. I don't even have C:\Boot folder (which is odd), and Win7 says it has no recoveries needing to be made. I tried reinstalling or repairing Win7 itself, thinking that perhaps that was the source of the glitch, but to no avail.

Please, someone help me.

start / run / cmd  (as administrator)

diskpart

list volume

select volume 1  (Considering this is 100 MB system partition)

online volume

exit

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1871823


How to turn off Unity in 12.04 LTS? Possible Duplicate:
  How does one exit the X server?

So I need to turn off Unity GUI and get back to the text user interface, how do I do that in Ubuntu 12.04 LTS?

use Ctrl + Alt + F1  for  text user interface

and When you want to back Unity GUI then use Ctrl + Alt + F7

If you're looking to edit your run levels, it's not too easy in Ubuntu, but here is a great reference page with all the information you need for 12.04 lts.

I've you're looking to save system resources for server running, or just want the pure CLI experience, you should switch to a much more open distro like Fedora, Debian, cENTos, or RHEL.

Or if you just want access to a command line, just use Terminal!


I need help installing my dlink dwa-160 usb adapter on ubuntu 12.04.1? I bought the dlink dwa-160 usb adapter a few days ago and i could not get it work. I tried using windows wireless drivers and it found the device but no communication was made. I also tried to use wine to run the installation CD but it couldn't find my hardware. I am alright at computers and i am new to Ubuntu can someone please give me detailed instruction on how to get it to work.
Thanks.

I have a similar issue.
First, looking here:
http://wireless.kernel.org/en/users/Devices/USB
It looks as though the B2 revision is not supported yet.

On my 12.04.1/mint installs out of the box nothing is recognized.

The best thing I've found is this:
http://bernaerts.dyndns.org/linux/229-ubuntu-precise-dlink-dwa160-revb2

On mine, it gets the device recognized and working, but so far it has a tendency to drop the connection when idle for more than a 30-ish seconds in such a way that it has to be re-plugged in to connect again.

Based on that tutorial is looks like it's possible to tweak in order to achieve more stability, but I'm not sure I'll bother.


How do I import existing SSH keys into Seahorse? Is there a way to import existing SSH keys to Seahorse?

Export and Import Keys

Seahorse can import SSH keys from the clipboard or a key file.
Seahorse allows users to specify a SSH key file. Seahorse does not change
the content of imported files, instead, Seahorse copies the imported files
to ~/.ssh with non-duplicated file names.

Seahorse can export public key or private key info to new files.
Seahorse can copy public key info to the clipboard.

  open seahorse -> file - import.

if you have already generated the ssh key on the machine, then you should ssh to that machine, then execute this:

 ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub user@host

user= your username of the system that you want to import

host= your pc hostname, the pc that you want to import key to.

What this happens is, that command calls the machine to send to your pc that you are trying to import the key.


How can I add the volume/sound manager to my panel Somehow I don't have the sound manager in my panel on Ubuntu 10.10. How can I add it? It is not in the list of panels that I can add.

There is no 'sound only' indicator, you have to place the Indicator Applet (not indicator-applet-session) on your panel. It will add two icons, the speaker and the envelope. If anyone figures out a way to have ONLY the sound icon please post a reply, this annoys me.

you can add it...
create command in startup application

gnome-volume-control-applet


Deleted Linux partition and upgraded to windows 10.... Now stuck at grub rescue I had a Ubuntu partition and windows 7 partition after installing windows 10 I accidentally deleted my Ubuntu partition, now I'm stuck at grub rescue. I saw a YouTube tutorial and did the steps like set boot, set prefix etc. I tried em all hd0 and msdos0 to 9. No luck... Any help? Pretty please...

Use a Windows 7 disc (or later).
Boot from the disc.
Choose to repair the Operating system.
Use Command Prompt and use bootrec /fixmbr command.
This will remove grub and let you access windows only.
Use a Linux live cd if you wish to restore grub

Others (including me) had this problem before.
Visit GRUB rescue problem after deleting Ubuntu partition!

what worked for me was the answer from rumman0786:

  boot your computer on a Ubuntu live-CD or live-USB

  then follow the section "2nd option : install Boot-Repair in Ubuntu" from this link

  https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair

This happend because you lost your ubuntu partition but still have the grub. In case you later want to remove a linux partition, remove the grub first and then the partition (plenty of info on askubuntu and youtube about that)


Can I restart the KDE Plasma Desktop without logging out? I'm just talking about the standard KDE desktop. After a while (many days) of running the task bar stops working properly. This is due to some sort of undiagnosed bug but that's really not my boggle at the moment. It's fixed as soon as I log out and in again.

I have to close everything and ongoing processes like virtual machines have to shut down. It's a big pain. It typically means I put up with a bit of flickering for many days.

Is there a way to just reload the desktop without bombing all the running applications?

In KDE 4, you can do:
killall plasma-desktop #to stop it
kstart plasma-desktop #to restart it

In KDE 5 use:
killall plasmashell #to stop it
kstart plasmashell #to restart it

In KDE > 5.10 use:
kquitapp5 plasmashell
kstart5 plasmashell

Sometimes plasmashell is not responding so kquitapp5 fails after a timeout and you have to get back to killall. So in a nutshell, I would do :
# For KDE 4
killall plasma-desktop && kstart plasma-desktop

# For KDE 5 < 5.10
killall plasmashell && kstart plasma-desktop

# For KDE > 5.10
kquitapp5 plasmashell || killall plasmashell && kstart5 plasmashell

Remarks :

If you are not sure which KDE version your run, kinfocenter --version will tell you.
you can skip the kquitapp5 plasmashell || part if you don't want to be stuck in the timeout when plasmashell is not responding.

In KDE4 I find the memory usage ramps up to around a gigglebite pretty rapidly because opening programs progressively uses more RAM, but closing them does not release it.  This is in Mint 17.3 with KDE but seems to affect pretty well ALL KDE plasma 4 systems.

I got sick of logging in and out, or using ALT + F2 to kill and restart plasma.  So now I just have a script (set as executable) sitting on the panel..

#!/bin/bash
killall plasma-desktop
plasma-desktop &

Click on the icon and plasma does a close and restart over about 15 seconds or so.  I can still use open programs on whichever virtual desktop I am currently using while plasma is restarting.


Windows 8 not booting after manually upgrading to 14.04 I installed Ubuntu 14.04 on top of my previous 13.10 Ubuntu installation. I did it manually by formating the mount and home folders without touching the Windows partition. Apparently it didn't detect the Windows OS.

But there is a 'Windows boot manager (on /dev/sda2) entry on the grub menu but it doesn't do anything. I can only boot into Ubuntu.

I faced that problem when  I installed Ubuntu 14.04 LTS alongside my pre-installed Windows 8.

After installing Ubuntu I ran the recommended repairs in Boot Repair. However, the grub menu disappeared and my laptop booted straight to windows 8. Inside windows I opened a command prompt as administrator and typed in this command exactly as it is:

bcdedit /set "{bootmgr}" path \EFI\ubuntu\grubx64.efi

After it concludes successfully just restart your computer and grub should turn up with functional boot for both Windows and Ubuntu.

I strongly recommend reading this though. (if you have not already)

A small tip when installing Ubuntu using the “Something else” option, create a swap partition (if you have not done that already) that is twice your RAM size at least. If you have an SSD then just forget the swap partition.

Boot into Ubuntu. Terminal.

sudo update-grub

Then reboot.  This should auto detect all boots and rebuild Grub.


How to find all the used IP addresses on a network In my work there is a lot of computer and I want make a joke. I can close computer over the network but finding IP addresses is hard to me.

How can I easily find all online IP adresses from 192.168.1.aa to 192.168.1.zz?

Generally, nmap is quite useful to quickly scan networks.

To install nmap, enter the following command in the terminal:

sudo apt-get install nmap

Once the application is installed, enter the following command:

nmap -sn 192.168.1.0/24

This will show you which hosts responded to ping requests on the network between 192.168.1.0 and 192.168.1.255.

For older versions of Nmap, use -sP:

nmap -sP 192.168.1.0/24

For additional references, see the following pages:

NMAP Installation Guide

NMAP Reference Guide

It is a very useful tool to learn.

fping is a great tool to scan multiple hosts on a network via ICMP. If not installed, you can install it by:

sudo apt-get install fping

fping sends ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets and mark a host as Up if it gets ECHO_RESPONSE from the host.

For example, to scan the hosts of subnet 192.168.1.0/24, you can do:

fping -g 192.168.1.0/24

For a specific number of hosts e.g. from 192.168.1.15 to 192.168.1.140:

fping -g 192.168.1.15 192.168.1.140

fping is highly configurable e.g. how many packets will be sent, the time to wait for response, output format etc.

Check man fping to get more idea.


Can I configure Alt-Tab to always switch applications? I have windows for an editor, a browser, a web application, and a development tool for that browser open.  Unity groups them as two applications: Chrome and Eclipse.

Alt-Tab switches application group,
Alt-` switches windows in the same group. But, if my current window and previous window  are from the same application group (Chrome),
Alt-Tab switches to the previous window, not to Eclipse.

How can I configure Alt-Tab to always switch between application groups, not windows of the same app?

Here is how to solve this:

Open CompizConfig Settings Manager
Go to the Unity Plugin settings and deactivate (uncheck enbabled) for the Alt+Tab and Alt+Tab+Shift shortcuts (or even all the other "switcher" related shortcuts.
Then go to the CompizConfig main menu and to the "Window Management" section and enable one of the "Switchers", for example "Shift Switcher" or "Static Application Switcher".

All of these Switchers expose the old behaviour.

If you don't mind using the mouse instead of keyboard-shortcuts - one more note:

The Unity Launcher (the menu that comes up when you go to the left side of the screen) also works like an "old" taskbar. Clicking on an active app's icon brings that app's window to front. If an app icon indicates two or more windows of one app open, double-clicking opens a multiple-window grid that I think is more convenient than the multi-window "sub selector" that comes up through Alt+Tab for that same app group.

Update:

Actually now, I've come to accept the "grouping switcher" but with one novel way of using it (novel, at least for me):

I've found out that once you're working in one window from a group, you can switch between windows from this group by using ALT+^ (instead of ALT+TAB), for example switching between multiple instances of leafpad. And switching between windows from one group is what I usually do most, or wanted to do with ALT+TAB before. So this as a tip for everyone not knowing this very handy short-cut.

By default the switcher is configured to switch applications like you mentioned. If you wish to change the behavior so that Alt+Tab will switch windows you can try the following:

Launch CompizConfig Settings Manager and choose the "Ubuntu Unity Plugin".
Currently the 'Switcher' tab probably looks like this:

Try moving the configuration of assigned keys from the first two rows to the marked last two.


Where are all the major log files located? So, if there is some problem with my computer, be it hardware or software, what are the major log files and where are they located?

Also, is there a generic location where log files of the other packages might be located?

All log files are located in /var/log directory. In that directory, there are specific files for each type of logs. For example, system logs, such as kernel activities are logged in syslog file.
Some of the most common log files in that directory is :

In directory apt there is a file history.log which saves all the package installation and removal information even the initial system build as Live CD. You can open this file to see this very interesting file.

In directory dist-upgrade there is a file apt.log which logs the information during distribution upgrades

In directory installer the log files which are created during installation can be found.

There is an apport.log file which saves information about crashes in your system and reporting them.

The file auth.log includes information about the authentication activities such as when you authenticate as root user via sudo.

The file dpkg.log saves the low level details of package installation and removal related with dpkg. You might be aware that the apt system depends on dpkg for package installation and removal.

boot.log includes information of each booting.

kern.log saves kernel information such as warnings, errors etc.

alternatives.log includes the history of all the alternatives set by various packages and their removal via update-alternatives command.

Another important log file is Xorg.log which include information about the graphics driver, its failures, warnings etc.

Some other types of Log files may be there depending on your installed packages. For example, My system also includes a log files epoptes.log which will only be there if you install epoptes package.
Changes after systemd
With the advent of systemd, logging is mostly handled by journalctl utility and store the logs in binary format in /var/lib/systemd/catalog/database file. This file enumerates all logs including kernel, boot and application logs and provides required logs via journalctl utility.
Here is a good article on journalctl on how you can use it to fetch required log info.
https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-use-journalctl-to-view-and-manipulate-systemd-logs#setting-the-system-time

To view system and application logs, you can use the "Log File Viewer" application.  Hit F2 to open your dash, then type log and select the Log File Viewer application.

More information:
http://www.howtogeek.com/117878/how-to-view-write-to-system-log-files-on-ubuntu/


How do I install kernel header files? i want to write a device driver but not able to find the header file can someone please help me find them?Also if someone can point out some important site links that would be really appreciated

You should be able to install the kernel header files for the currently running kernel by running the following in a terminal:

sudo apt-get install linux-headers-$(uname -r)

In general, the kernel header packages are named linux-header-* where "*" indicates the version & variant (generic, server, etc.).

these commands should work:

sudo apt-get dist-upgrade -y
systemctl reboot
sudo apt-get install linux-headers-$(uname -r)
sudo apt-get upgrade linux-headers-$(uname -r)

for better instruction checkout this video


Installing Ubuntu Studio I'm trying to install Ubuntu Studio via USB stick. I follow all the instructions and the USB drive says Ubuntu Studio, but Ubuntu Desktop without the studio installs.

You can convert an Ubuntu Desktop installation to Ubuntu Studio by installing the necessary packages:

sudo apt-get install ubuntustudio-desktop ubuntustudio-audio ubuntustudio-video ubuntustudio-graphics linux-lowlatency

More information is available in the Ubuntu documentation.

There are Ubuntu Studio ISO's to download on http://ubuntustudio.org/download/ , both 13.04 and 12.04 LTS.


how to change resolution in ubuntu 12.04 LTS I've got a monitor which has a resolution of 1920x1280, but I can't enlarge it any more than 1024x768. So everything is a bit too large. How can I change the resolution in my case? I tried in terminal with xrndr too.

You need to find out why your system not able to detect your monitor resolution properly, likely due to your display drivers.

Anyway, the xrndr workaround involves few steps - see if you missed out any.

Calculate mode lines

$ cvt 1920 1280

Create the mode lines from above

$ xrandr --newmode "1920x1280_60.00" 206.25 1920 2056 2256 2592 1280 1283 1293 1327 -hsync +vsync

or

$ newmodecmd=$(cvt 1280 1024 | grep "Modeline" | sed -ne 's/Modeline/xrandr --newmode/p')

$ newmodecmd

Add the mode to your display

$xrandr --addmode VGA1 "1920x1280_60.00"

Activate the mode.

$ xrandr --output VGA1 --mode "1920x1280_60.00"

xrandr -s "1920x1280_60.00"

worked for me


How can I reply to email by sending a delivery failure message? Occasionally, I receive unwanted emails, particularly low-volume spam, or email messages falsely addressed to me (possibly due to typos). I don't want to spend the energy to write a personal message, but I do want to let the sender know that the message never arrived at its destination, and that resending it will be useless. In my opinion, a delivery error message to the sender will fill that need. So, the question is if there is an easy way to send error messages back to the sender.

Is there any email client out there which supports sending delivery failure messages as a reply to incoming email -- ideally in one click? (Or, which can be configured to do so?)

Alternatively, what is the best way to set up an environment that allows me to send delivery failure messages without too much effort per message sent?

1) Spammers don't care about delivery failure messages, and sometimes by sending them you can be unintentionally spamming someone else due to the ability to forge the Reply-To field.

2) The type of delivery failure notification you're likely thinking about is generated when the server receives the email, if it reaches your inbox it's come too far. Aside from you sending your own custom "I did not receive this message" response..


Ubuntu restarts randomly and there is no log about the reason I installed the Ubuntu 16.04 desktop version on a machine, and used it for my research via ssh.

Sometimes the machine restarts randomly, but I cannot find why restart.

$ last reboot
reboot   system boot  4.4.0-62-generic Wed Feb  8 01:34   still running
reboot   system boot  4.4.0-62-generic Mon Feb  6 09:16   still running
reboot   system boot  4.4.0-62-generic Sun Feb  5 16:43   still running
reboot   system boot  4.4.0-62-generic Sun Feb  5 00:37   still running

I checked /var/log/syslog ...

Feb  7 23:31:37 niaserver7 systemd[1]: Started Session 77 of user swmo.
Feb  8 00:17:01 niaserver7 CRON[17883]: (root) CMD (   cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.hourly)
Feb  8 00:34:07 niaserver7 systemd[1]: Started CUPS Scheduler.
Feb  8 01:17:01 niaserver7 CRON[17893]: (root) CMD (   cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.hourly)
Feb  8 01:35:01 niaserver7 rsyslogd: [origin software="rsyslogd" swVersion="8.16.0" x-pid="1315" x-info="http://www.rsyslog.com"] start
Feb  8 01:35:01 niaserver7 systemd-modules-load[538]: Inserted module 'lp'
Feb  8 01:35:01 niaserver7 systemd-modules-load[538]: Inserted module 'ppdev'
Feb  8 01:35:01 niaserver7 kernel: [    0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpuset
Feb  8 01:35:01 niaserver7 rsyslogd-2222: command 'KLogPermitNonKernelFacility' is currently not permitted - did you already set it via a RainerScript command (v6+ config)? [v8.16.0 try http://www.rsyslog.com/e/2222 ]
Feb  8 01:35:01 niaserver7 systemd-modules-load[538]: Inserted module 'parport_pc'
Feb  8 01:35:01 niaserver7 rsyslogd: rsyslogd's groupid changed to 108
Feb  8 01:35:01 niaserver7 rsyslogd: rsyslogd's userid changed to 104
Feb  8 01:35:01 niaserver7 loadkeys[541]: Loading /etc/console-setup/cached.kmap.gz
Feb  8 01:35:01 niaserver7 kernel: [    0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpu
Feb  8 01:35:01 niaserver7 systemd[1]: Started udev Kernel Device Manager.

How can I fix it?

This sounds like a combination of issues.

In the case of an individual system rebooting randomly I would want to replace the power supply in the chassis with one that provided more than adequate amperage for the connected components (as you want it to keep running during periods of peak power draw).

In the case where the entire rack reboot simultaneously I would look at an inadequate UPS as the root cause or possibly an overheat condition due to AC failure in the server location.

An intermittent short in the feed cord to the multi-tap could also result in the multiple reboot result that you describe.

I too faced random restart issue with Ubuntu.
I tried below and it seems to work.

Booted Ubuntu via Live CD (without installation).
Deleted all partitions and formatted the complete hard disk as FAT32 using Gparted Partition Editor (System -> Administrator)
Installed ubuntu 16.04


What does thisisthecountdown.com count down to? The new cool page created by Ubuntu-adverts team http://www.thisisthecountdown.com/ displays a nice counter, and an Ubuntu logo followed by a short motto. It seems, however, that it's not counting down to the Ubuntu 11.10 Oneiric Ocelot release. So what's the time zero, and what is expected to happen when the counter reaches zero?

It was created by the Ubuntu Adverts team to build up some hype in advance of the 11.10 release. The counter expires at midnight 11th October in the UTC-5 timezone (US Central time). This is 6am on the 12th October in the UK. However, the release of 11.10 is expected on the 13th in the afternoon UK time.

This page seems to have been an entrance for an Alternative-Reality Game, that was played by seeking for information on a bunch of fake websites, deciphering messages, etc. The game was synced with the real time, and it progressed through many days. As of Oct 11, the game is still in progress, but considering the amount of information that has been already presented, it is unlikely that one might easily join the players and continue from that point. The game is played cooperatively with many other players, by discussing puzzles at an IRC channel - #awholenewworld (you can find logs at this answer's end)

There was a number of clues released and puzzles to solve between now and then. I think at time zero a new website, possibly with more information about Oneiric will be released, there might be a more intensive phase of the game at that point, or it might be the end of the game.

The first clue is the class of the  tag which may be decoded by base64 decoding then hex to ascii to reveal "world space agency org" http://worldspaceagency.org which is a website that was labeled as under construction.

The background image at worldspaceagency.org was also an MP3 file (stereo, 22.5 Khz)

Many clues have been released through a twitter account.
http://twitter.com/#!/thisisthe

One may pass the class, yet not see what is in plain sight ahead.
If the world could sing, then man can tell his deepest secret.
A world by any other name will still play.
0x575341 UNIDENTIFIED TRANSMISSION INTERFERENCE
Meine freunde, sometimes one has all the pieces but doesn't know it.
Sometimes you have to do things twice.

As of 10/5, the GIF at worldspaceagency.org has changed.
There is now text near the bottom that says

CynOnoceiomemdRhlnnpctiDisssunr1tooaLdoatsRgurrdsedeemaiiifiseornp&Ournlo:cotsOta:tetentr:amengYncuv

There is also a pastebin of the appended data. There is pure HEX data here  There is also a permutation before the codetext: 241563  Here is the wikipedia for transposition ciphers.  There is some stuff about a German cipher called übchi.  pinwake has used some German before.  A clue, perhaps?

After deciphering using this tool with the key 2 4 1 5 6 3:
codenameCORDOROY:instructions:donotattemptanythinguntilserversarecompromised&signalsourcefound

On 10/6 the worldspaceagency.org page changed completely and now features a simple menu, WSA logo and some news. One can access a fake console at http://worldspaceagency.org/console/ which displays some chirped messages, and play morse code message (which after deciphering is ariss/ibm/a22p).

The Morse code used to decoded to contact/ibm/a22p.  The earlier version was just a red herring. The page http://worldspaceagency.org/contact/ibm/a22p is blank, with "Nice try" as the title.

ARISS is the amateur radio link to the ISS, it was running on an IBM A22P thinkpad left behind by Mark Shuttleworth in the ISS (yes, really) there is some kind of problem with it's power supply unit. http://www.rac.ca/ariss/faqariss2.htm  (That might be the why the audio file was all scrambled.)

The hacker console displays what appears to be an IRC log with some random office chit chat and the message:

  "Pine Lake seems to have received some more transmissions of some sort."

Possible clue: Pine Lake, GA on Wikipedia.

Full decryption of the console text is available here.

As of late 10/6 or early 10/7, http://thisisthecountdown.com has changed. The background is now different, and the bar above the countdown appears to move.

If you click the twitter link in the site, it auto-fills your tweet with the following:  0x575341 UNIDENTIFIED TRANSMISSION INTERFERENCE http://www.thisisthecountdown.com

Update 10/9:
Turns out the 404 page at http://worldspaceagency.org/ariss/ibm/a22p/ was a fake. Some text at the bottom was changed. The first characters of the text in question ended up being a phone number: '404-9 CONTAC', or '404-926-6822'. Another transmission was found upon phoning the number. Here is a digital recording.

The recording was used to decode the transmission in the console at the WSA website. The decoded transmission is here: http://paste.ubuntu.com/704729/
The transmission references Chi Sagittarii, a group of star systems, along with the Wow! Signal, which was emitted from said star systems and is considered evidence of potential extraterrestrial life.

The security link on the home page requests a username and password. The credentials are below:

username: The User
password: 43tgmbefortytwo

From that point, the game gained speed, and both the plot and the puzzles thickened, but the number of them makes it difficult to discuss them all in that answer.

Note: here's a big plot gap - please add some information on the following points

Case files
Counter changed (signal lost)
Background colors (HEX hint) → Traveller MP3.
Counter changed (reconnecting)
WSA background → QR code → video footage
EXTRACTED-CASEFILES-r1.7z (in source code rgb values were 097 108 105 101 110 114 105 102 116 102 114 111 110 = alienriftfron in ASCII an anagram for (finalfrontier) the file's password)

The counter changed once more and we found a barcode like thing below the numbers (transmission.gif). It turned out to be a sliced QR code where each red dot marks the cut point. After inverting and encoding the result, it brought us to another archive file (EXTRACTED-CASEFILES-r2.7z) via this link The file again contains updates to the three case files. The password for the protected ZIP file (eventhorizon) was found by analyzing the HTTP headers of thisisthecountdown.com. This followed after a hint given by the @ThisIsThe Twitter account, which obviously is back under pinwake's control:

  taking this thing back! Nobody knows rfc 2616 like me --it's me, djohnson!

Where RFC 2616 deals with HTTP standards. The headers contain the following:

  7zip: Beyond a certain point there is no return.

→ point of no return → event horizon.

In the meantime the counter was updated (the estimated time for decryption has been recalculated) and now shows only a few hours left until the decryption of the transmission will be finished (which likely will be the end of the game).

Final Result - It turned out that the countdown was indeed for Ubuntu 11.10 .

IRC logs from #awholenewworld on freenode are avaliable below, most recent at top.

somedude9's log from Oct 09
Centigonal's log beginning 02 Oct
AlanBell's log beginning 08 Oct
jrgifford's log from Oct 03 - 07

One may pass the class, yet not see what is in plain sight ahead.
If the world could sing, then man can tell his deepest secret.
A world by any other name will still play.
0x575341 UNIDENTIFIED TRANSMISSION INTERFERENCE
Meine freunde, sometimes one has all the pieces but doesn't know it.
Sometimes you have to do things twice.

What if the word "one" in the clues meant "ubuntuone" ?
Ubuntuone is now in version 2 compared to version 1.6 in natty which means that it was done twice and that it may include a new service.

So for me ubuntuone has all the pieces but doesn't know it ....

who wants to make the diff between 1.6 and 2.0 ?

"if the world could sing" may refer to a social service that may be included in the musicstore (like anybody can upload his songs...)


I keep getting disconnected...? Clarification:
Every couple of minutes, I receive a notification telling me that authentication is required. Clicking it prompts me to enter my network's password, but all I do is click "Continue" as the password is saved. In between these occurrences, my internet connection performs normally.

Current Potential Issues:

Being deauth Attacked (Unlikely as nothing on our home network would do this. Also, there are no deauth packets detected by Wireshark.
Interference/Weak Connection (Unlikely as this happens within 1 foot of the router.)
Bad Driver (Unlikely as I've been using this device with 20.04 since this April, and the issues started this month)
Issue with the Router (Unlikely as nothing has been changed in a while)

I've been using my home network for a while and it's been fairly reliable. We've never done much to the router except a bit of port forwarding, but all that happened a while ago.
I don't recall when this started, but every couple of minutes, I get this notification.

It only happens on my laptop running Ubuntu 20.04. I have 2 other devices on the network running Ubuntu 20.04 (1 desktop and 1 server) and neither have issues like this nor does anything else on the network. I can click on the notification and it asks me to put in the password (which is saved, so all I do is click "Connect"). It can range from anywhere between 10 minutes (maybe more) to 30 seconds.
And the worst part is that a reboot won't fix it. I've checked for updates, installed them, and it says everything is up-to-date.
EDIT: I have logs for NetworkManager: https://pastebin.com/jCGwwXzJ
Additionally, I've tried erasing the connection a couple of times from gnome-settings and nm-connection-editor. I've also made my gateway forget my device.
I tried using WPS on my latest attempt, and I still am asked every once in a while for my password.
EDIT 2: I have another partition running 18.04. The issue does not show on that partition. Additionally, I used my phone as a hotspot and the issue did not appear on my main partition running 20.04. This seems to be an issue when running 20.04 connected directly to my home network...
EDIT 3: I don't think I'm missing any firmware. I'll be running a few more tests, but I think this may be related to gaming. It happens frequently when on Minecraft, Among Us, or on a Discord call. Yes, I play Among Us on Ubuntu. Sometimes this happens on YouTube as well.
EDIT 4: I've noticed that the area with my wireless card is rather hot. Could overheating be the cause?
EDIT 5: Output from nmcli general permissions:
| PERMISSION | VALUE |
| ---------- | ----- |
| org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.enable-disable-network | yes |
| org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.enable-disable-wifi | yes |
| org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.enable-disable-wwan | yes |
| org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.enable-disable-wimax | yes |
| org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.sleep-wake | no |
| org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.network-control | yes |
| org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.wifi.share.protected | yes |
| org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.wifi.share.open | yes |
| org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.settings.modify.system | yes |
| org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.settings.modify.own | yes |
| org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.settings.modify.hostname | auth |
| org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.settings.modify.global-dns | auth |
| org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.reload | auth |
| org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.checkpoint-rollback | auth |
| org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.enable-disable-statistics | yes |
| org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.enable-disable-connectivity-check | yes |
| org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.wifi.scan | unknown |
NOTE: I have limited access to the laptop due to another issue (unrelated to Ubuntu). Please be patient if I do not respond in time. Best of luck to all trying to help me with this!

Because I can't commend I will just post it here, I know it's wrong but I'm trying to help.
Try ubuntu-drivers devices
it will run for a while but if it detects a missing wifi driver it will let you know, if it does, execute sudo apt install <name of driver>
You said that it only happens to your home AP? try setting your phone the same name (SSID) and password as your home router and wait to see if it will happen again (be sure to be out of range of your actual wifi router of turn it off).
Additionally, you can try changing your routers SSID to see if the name was cusing the problem (quite rare!), try deleting your network from the memory and connect again, this should resolve any issues.
Also you can try a live iso from a usb to see if the problem will continue to exists even on a different "installation".

I think this is problem/misconfiguration in your router. First I would disable all security on the router and check if this problem is gone. If so you located the problem in your router.
Then you can enable security again and set a new password. I would suggest to use WPA2 + AES since that delivers good protection against entruders.


Installing Anki 2.0.42 breaks graphical display on fresh Ubuntu 16.04 install - xdg-mime related? Installing the 64 bit Anki deb file (v2.0.42) on my Dell Inspiron 5423, running Ubuntu 14.04 or Ubuntu 16.04, seems to break the desktop (details and photo below). I have only been able to fix the problem by reinstalling Ubuntu.

Why is this happening? How can I fix this problem without having to reinstall Ubuntu? Ideally, how can I get Anki v2.0.42 working on my laptop?

The cleanest example of this problem:

Format the / partition, I install Ubuntu 16.04 and update/upgrade
Download the Anki deb file from https://apps.ankiweb.net/
Eextract it and install it as described on the webpage (ultimately running sudo make install)
This causes my Unity desktop to be visually corrupted and forces a restart
On booting I am presented with the login screen, when I attempt to login I see a visual corruption of the login screen (photo below) and then the login screen shows again

This problem has happened both times I've install it on Ubuntu 16.04. I was also running Ubuntu 14.04 and encountered the same issue when I installed Anki v2.0.42 there.

Looking at the Makefile I am wondering about the xdg-mime lines. Could these be the root cause? What do they do?

Running sudo make uninstall or the following commands manually does not fix the problem:

xdg-mime uninstall /usr/local/share/mime/packages/anki.xml
-xdg-mime uninstall /usr/local/share/mime/packages/anki.xml

I have the exact same problem. The login in screen even looks the same.

I also could not solve without a fresh install. I can confirm however that variations of purging, updating, changing nvidia and nouveau drivers (after reaching the login screen and then doing Ctrl+Alt+F1 to open a terminal) does not work.

After digging around the github repo I found this commit though. Which could suggest that the problem is something to do with the mesa driver.

I would have commented instead of answering but I don't have enough rep and this program just wasted a day of my life thus I want to help others not do the same.


Why aren't any of my pings being returned? I'm playing around with the ping command in terminal but for some reason none of the pings I send are received apparently, if I ping www.google.co.uk it is always 100% packet loss, even though I can access www.google.co.uk just fine in firefox. ping 0 is the only address that doesn't return 100% packet loss. How do I fix this? What exactly is wrong? for example I use "ping www.google.co.uk" and it sends out packets of 56(84) bytes of data but none of them are ever received.

The output of sudo ufw status verbose is 'status: inactive'

The output of date ; ping -c 4 www.google.co.uk ; dmesg -T | tail is:

Fri Nov 20 11:37:19 GMT 2015
PING www.google.co.uk (216.58.208.35) 56(84) bytes of data.

--- www.google.co.uk ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 3022ms
[Fri Nov 20 11:07:27 2015] cfg80211:   (2402000 KHz - 2482000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (N/A, 2000 mBm), (N/A)
[Fri Nov 20 11:07:27 2015] cfg80211:   (5170000 KHz - 5250000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (N/A, 2000 mBm), (N/A )
[Fri Nov 20 11:07:27 2015] cfg80211:   (5250000 KHz - 5330000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (N/A, 2000 mBm), (0 s)
[Fri Nov 20 11:07:27 2015] cfg80211:   (5490000 KHz - 5710000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (N/A, 2700 mBm), (0 s)
[Fri Nov 20 11:07:27 2015] cfg80211:   (57240000 KHz - 65880000 KHz @ 2160000 KHz), (N/A, 4000 mBm), (N/A)
[Fri Nov 20 11:07:27 2015] wlan0: Limiting TX power to 20 (20 - 0) dBm as advertised by e0:1c:41:11:d8:29
[Fri Nov 20 11:07:28 2015] ACPI Warning: \_SB_.PCI0.PEG0.PEGP._DSM: Argument #4 type mismatch - Found [Buffer], ACPI requires [Package] (20140424/nsarguments-95)
[Fri Nov 20 11:07:28 2015] ACPI: \_SB_.PCI0.PEG0.PEGP: failed to evaluate _DSM
[Fri Nov 20 11:07:28 2015] ACPI Warning: \_SB_.PCI0.PEG0.PEGP._DSM: Argument #4 type mismatch - Found [Buffer], ACPI requires [Package] (20140424/nsarguments-95)
[Fri Nov 20 11:09:49 2015] ip_tables: (C) 2000-2006 Netfilter Core Team

Sometime over the past several years I have noticed that google domains (WITH THE ISP's I personally use) no longer respond to ICMP traffic which is how ping works.
I assume this is by design.

Can you ping your gateway?


UBUNTU's Network Connection Manger can't detect Huawei ETS2051 Modem device! I have a modem device called Huawei ETS2051 and the Network Connection Manger can't detect it, but when I use Gnome-PPP it work fine but the problem is when I use Gnome-PPP; apps like Ubuntu software Center Can't reconice that's Iam connecting to the Internet so the app is just act like it's offline while other apps like web browsers and IM's work good under Gnome-PPP. any way what I want is to have a Full Ubuntu experince by making The Network Connection Manger detect my ETS2051.

More information:
Gnome-PPP is a GUI for wvdial.
the ETS2051 modem use a serial USB port.
I have a Windows driver CD for the device.
I have also find This qustion about the software Center acting like it's offline around wvdial and there's this launchpad bug.
 and am really insest to use Ubuntu Software Center so please no other software manger apps recomendation...

I found the solution for this, you can simply stop the Network Manger and everything will run great including Ubuntu Software Center!
stop it by run this commend in the terminal:

sudo stop network-manager

you can bring it back by restart your computer or simply run this:

sudo start network-manager

that's it how easy fix, but hard to get the right answer nowadays!

open Synaptic Package Manager Type "Smartlink" into the search field in the Synaptic Package Manager and install all of smarlink package. http://www.ehow.com/how_5435902_install-modem-drivers-ubuntu.html#ixzz2BcaT8Ean it works with me very well


Display on HDMI doesn't wake up I just got myself a beautiful 27" WQHD display. It is connected to HDMI (no VideoPort) and works great showing 2560x1440  @ 60 Hz.

There is a problem however. When it goes to sleep/I turn the monitor off and then I wake it up/turn it on it doesn't come back. It stays blank eventually displaying "no signal".

The weird thing is when I switch to a different TTY, e.g. Ctrl+Alt+F2 it wakes up, but then going back to Ctrl+Alt+F7 immediately puts it back to sleep and shows "no signal" message. Currently I have to run service lightdm restart in a different TTY in order to wake the monitor up, which is better than reboot but far from ideal. The fact that it can be woken up by switching to a different TTY or restarting X tells me that it is a software related problem.

I am looking for any reasonable solution e.g.

configuration tweak which will force it wake up on keypress
a command that I could give a hot key combination which will wake up
the monitor
a driver install/update
anything else that works

As I am running out of ideas I would appreciate any advice, thoughts, guesses. Thanxalot!

P.S. I run xubuntu 16.04 and use Intel® HD Graphics 4600

I found a way to wake up the monitor. It is not ideal but much better than restarting X server or rebooting. I created a simple shell script which forces graphics mode to be reset.

#!/bin/bash
xrandr --output HDMI2 --primary --mode 2560x1440

or a simpler one

#!/bin/bash
xrandr --output HDMI2 --auto

Then I assigned a hot key combination to invoke my script. This way the monitor wakes up but only on specific key press vs any key or mouse event.

I will wait for a better answer before accepting my own answer. I am still hopeful that somebody knows a way to fix the actual problem.

UPDATE 2018-01-12
I upgraded kernel from the default LTS version to the latest (https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/LTSEnablementStack) and the monitor now behaves as it is supposed to. Thanks to @Ellis Whitehead for pointing out it could be a problem in the kernel implementation.

I experience the same problem but in my case the HDMI won't wake up in any possible way. Even with hardware interrupts nothing happens. The strange things is that RDP works without any problem.

I found out that 'fsck' shows errors and 'fdisk -l' even more. Also mcelog can be used to detect hardware errors.


Ubuntu 19.10 remove gnome desktop I switched to KDE Plasma, I installed it via apt install kde-full.

I'd like to remove Ubuntu's default DE which is gnome.

What is the safest way? Should I apt remove ubuntu-desktop or apt remove gnome*

I want to keep all desktop capabilities so I can use KDE without any problems.

Well, for those who wants to follow my path here it is. I couldn't do apt remove ubuntu-desktop since it kept saying it isn't installed so I did apt remove gnome* then apt autoremove. It removed everything related to gnome, Ubuntu is restarting/working fine.
Before removing gnome my ram was at 1.2gb idle, now it's at 0.99gb (viewd in system monitor inside kde).

I just hope when upgrading ubuntu to 20 LTS it doesn't throw gnome at me again.

Edit: dont follow my advice so, its right that it would be very risky delete those things without knowing what it are.
You could only select another desktop from the list, and dont mind about the gnome.


What's the best way to use parallel bzip2 and gzip by default? Bzip2 and gzip only use one core, although many computers have more than one core. But there are programs like lbzip2, pbzip2 and pigz, which use all available cores and promise to be compatible with bzip2 and gzip.

So what's the best way to use these programs by default, so that tar cfa file.tar.bz2 directory uses lbzip2/pbzip2 instead of bzip2? Of course I don't want to break anything.

You can symlink bzip2, bunzip2 and bzcat to lbzip2, and gzip, gunzip, gzcat and zcat to pigz:

sudo apt-get install lbzip2 pigz
cd /usr/local/bin
ln -s /usr/bin/lbzip2 bzip2
ln -s /usr/bin/lbzip2 bunzip2
ln -s /usr/bin/lbzip2 bzcat
ln -s /usr/bin/pigz gzip
ln -s /usr/bin/pigz gunzip
ln -s /usr/bin/pigz gzcat
ln -s /usr/bin/pigz zcat

I chose lbzip2 instead of pbzip2 because the /usr/share/doc/lbzip2/README.gz looks "nicer" than /usr/share/doc/pbzip2/README.gz. Also, the tar manual talks about lbzip2.

Edit:

pigz-2.1.6, which is included in Precise Pangolin, refuses to decompress files with unknown suffixes (e.g. initramfs-*.img). This is fixed in pigz-2.2.4, which ships with Quantal. So you might want to wait until Quantal, install the Quantal package manually, or don't link gunzip/gzcat/zcat yet.

Use in your ~/.bash_aliases:

alias gzip="pigz"
alias gunzip="unpigz"


how to block specific domains in hosts file? I know hot to block single tumblr blog with

127.0.1.1 something.tumblr.com

but I want to block entire tumblr. I tried 127.0.1.1 tumblr.com but it's not working.

Is there a way to do this?

Install dnsmasq:

$ sudo apt-get install dnsmasq

Then in /etc/dnsmasq.conf (which you may have to create) add the line:

address=/tumblr.com/127.0.0.1

This will block tumblr.com and all of its subdomains by redirecting it to localhost (127.0.0.1).

Note:

For Ubuntu Trusty and others which already have NetworkManager use dnsmasq by default you don't need to install anything.

Just create a file /etc/NetworkManager/dnsmasq.d/local :

address=/tumblr.com/127.0.0.1

and reboot or restart NetworkManager

$ sudo service network-manager restart

Looking at and taking the IP address you entered as literal, you are typing it wrong. Instead of 127.0.1.1 it should be 127.0.0.1


Why are only some versions of the kernel backported to certain releases? With regard to kernels and backports, I noted a backported kernel available to 10.04 LTS builds, slightly older than the cutting-edge kernels in 10.10.  Any reason for a lack of backports for them?  (although the currently backported kernel for lucid is 2.6.35, >= 2.6.36 is newer and seems to be in the 10.10 and later repositories)

Speaking for the Ubuntu Kernel Team, The plan is to provide backport kernels in lockstep with Stable release updates. The Maverick kernels are unavailable currently due to a toolchain change that is precluding them from building. Once that has been fixed, there will be additional kernels available to LTS from Maverick. Once Natty is officially released there will be a backport kernel available for it as well. That is the plan going forward as it has been explained to me. Once a version is released, a new kernel will be available in backports soon after.

As we discussed offline, these kernels are built expressly for the -server release and are not supported on the desktop even if they work. I'd also like to point out that the reason we provide these kernels (for those reading who want to understand why they would care about backported kernels) is to provide -server users with the most current updates for new supported hardware.

I hope that helps. :-)

IMHO the most of the people that are not comfortable with 11.04 and will not with 11.10 are returning to 10.10 and 10.04 LTS, so getting backports of kernels in this versions are quite reasonable, in fact 10.04 LTS have this backports, but Maverick, it looks like not. My request is to work it out and publish newer kernels backported to Maverick.


(epsxe) error while loading shared libraries: libgtk-1.2.so.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory Hi I have been trying to install and run epsxe. But keep running into this problem when starting it up.

/epsxe/epsxe: error while loading shared libraries: libgtk-1.2.so.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

I have searched the web for help and tried and installed everything i have come across.
I have tried apt-cache search libgtk1.2 which brought up libgtk1.2-common - Common files for the GTK+ library

I also tried sudo apt-get install libgtk1.2 which give this

sudo apt-get install libgtk1.2
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Package libgtk1.2:i386 is not available, but is referred to by another package.
This may mean that the package is missing, has been obsoleted, or
is only available from another source
However the following packages replace it:
  libgtk1.2-common

E: Package 'libgtk1.2:i386' has no installation candidate

So if anyone can help me with what needs to be done i would be grateful

Perhaps it's a better idea to use the PCSX-Reloaded PPA or the official ppa for pcsx2

Why? That's why:

libgtk-1.2 isn't available since Ubuntu 10.04. Therefore you could try to compile the package, but in my test, there are some dependencies which I can not install without having to compile further packages. Maybe you have the patience:

Install some packages

sudo apt-get install checkinstall

Download, extract, compile and install

cd
wget http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/gnome/sources/gtk+/1.2/gtk+-1.2.10.tar.gz
tar xf gtk+-1.2.10.tar.gz
cd gtk+-1.2.10
./configure
make
sudo checkinstall

In the ./configure step you will see the missing packages.


Can't get Exodus (crypto wallet) to open in Ubuntu 20.04 I can't get Exodus (crypto wallet) to open.
I am running Ubuntu 20.04 on my Lenovo pc - 16GB memory, 2TB hard-disk
Because I was having booting problems I recently wiped my hard-drive and re-installed Ubuntu 20.04 - and retrieved my home dir and all sub-directories from an external backup.
I re-downloaded Exodus (latest version 20.5.22) from Exodus.io - I can see the files but can't get it (Exodus) to open - I attach a screenshot of what I see in File manager.
Thank you for your help.

Thanks for your replies.
I have managed to solve the problem:
How I updated Exodus on 2021.04.16:
1) Went to website - Exodus.com/Download
2) Downloaded latest version; I chose  "Download Linux app (.deb)"
3) Opened a Terminal and entered:
    1) cd ./"directory that I downloaded to"
    2) sudo dpkg -i exodus_21.4.12_amd64.deb
5) This did the trick. Then opened the app by typing "exodus" in the command line or going to the "Applications centre" - the icon with 9 dots, bottom left of screen - and finding the Exodus app there.

Hope this helps?

This one work for me and its a work around for problem.
29
If you're looking for a reliable GUI way to install .deb files, use gdebi.
To see if you already have it installed on your system...
dpkg -l gdebi | grep ii

If it's not there, install it this way...
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gdebi


Are there drivers for OpenGL 4.3 for [AMD/ATI] Seymour [Radeon HD 6400M/7400M Series] (Ubuntu 14.04) I want to be able to do opengl4.3 c/c++ programming, the [AMD/ATI] Seymour [Radeon HD 6400M/7400M Series] should be able to support it, I just don't know what drivers I have to install

Also I have installed the propriety driver (Using Video driver for the AMD graphics accelerators from fglrx)

The open source radeon drivers support up to OpenGL 3.3 currently. To get OpenGL 4.x support, you must install the latest version of Catalyst -- 14.4 has support for up to OpenGL 4.4.

http://www2.ati.com/drivers/linux/amd-catalyst-14-4-rev2-linux-x86-x86-64-may6.zip

You need to install xserver-xorg-video-radeon driver.

sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-video-radeon


Is there a PHP 5.3.x PPA for 10.04? I currently have an OpenVZ VPS system running 10.04LTS, which I need a newer build of PHP 5.3 on. This is because I use PHP-FPM for all the virtual sites it hosts, and the Lucid build doesn't include this feature. I was previously using a PPA provided by the Nginx packaging team but they've recently discontinued it which leaves me with an old, buggy, vulnerable version of PHP.

Are there any PHP 5.3.x PPAs which are still kept up to date? By searching Launchpad I've found several with version 5.3.5 but this is also terribly old, and I've found Brian Mercer's PPA but the description says that will be disappearing soon as he no longer needs to maintain it for himself.

So are there any PPAs which offer up a backported/upstream version of PHP 5.3.x (i.e. 5.3.13 which is current) including the PHP-FPM setup? Cheers!

edit - I should further explain that as this is OpenVZ and the VPS provider don't yet provide a 12.04 template, I can't upgrade to 12.04LTS, at least not yet. So while this might be a long-term option, it's not an answer to my immediate question :)

In the end, I found a PHP 5.4 PPA (at ppa:ondrej/php5), and decided to test that with the few webapps I run on that VPS. All seemed well (aside from vBulletin's upgrade system, but I have a workaround for that), so I've skipped the 5.3 series altogether and switched to 5.4. Probably won't be upgrading to 12.04LTS yet, although at least I now know that it's possible, and how to do it :-)

Try:

ppa:zulcss/php5.3-lucid

ppa:igb/ppa-lucid-testing


eclipse-pydev disappeared after upgrade to 16.04 I just upgraded from 15.10 to 16.04. I had eclipse installed with the pydev environment. After the upgrade eclipse seemed to hang during first start. So after some time I killed the process. Second start went well but the pydev menu entires disappeared (new pydev project, preferences-pydev, etc). I removed pydev in eclipse, then re-installed eclipse from software-center and finally installed pydev again via eclipse "install new software". Eclipse shows pydev as installed but it is still not visible/usable.

Can anybody give me advice? My installed versions are:
Ubuntu 16.04 LTS (amd64),
Eclipse 3.8.1,
PyDev for Eclipse   5.0.0.201605051159

Pydev 4.5.5 works!

Finally I tried to install older versions of pydev via the links provided on
http://www.pydev.org/update_sites/index.html

Here I used version 4.5.5, the highest version that doesn't require java 8.
This works together with the eclipse 3.8.1.

Although I have installed openjdk 1.8 pydev doesn't seem to find a java 8 API.
The possible reason is that the highest java version the osgi framework provides ist 1.7 !
The relvant configuration entry is (might be):

org.osgi.framework.executionenvironment=OSGi/Minimum-1.0,OSGi/Minimum-1.1,OSGi/Minimum-1.2,JRE-1.1,J2SE-1.2,J2SE-1.3,J2SE-1.4,J2SE-1.5,JavaSE-1.6,JavaSE-1.7

Maybe this is the solution until Canonical provides an Eclipse with an updated osgi framework.
To avoid the installation of  inconpatible pydev 5.0 or higher during eclipse's software update function one should not use the standard pydev update site (http://pydev.org/updates).

If I use the latest sources, eclipse will say "sources are not found". So I have to use https://dl.bintray.com/fabioz/pydev/4.5.5/ as the software source. It will work. My system is Ubuntu 16.04, 64 bits.


How to share Wifi connection using a USB adapter I am connecting to a Wifi of the university on my machine running Ubuntu 18.04.4. I bought a USB adapter DLINK 131 E1 to share the connection. The driver of the this adapter can be found here.

Is it possible to share my Internet connection (on my PC that is connecting via Wifi) via the USB Adapter?

If it is possible, How can I achieve that? is there any software that can help me setup that?

I appreciate your help.

open a terminal and do the following:

git clone https://github.com/oblique/create_ap
cd create_ap
make install

based on your requirements, hit the following commands. For me eth0 is my ehthernet connection and wlan0 is my wifi card.

No passphrase (open network):

create_ap wlan0 eth0 MyAccessPoint

WPA + WPA2 passphrase:

create_ap wlan0 eth0 MyAccessPoint MyPassPhrase

AP without Internet sharing:

create_ap -n wlan0 MyAccessPoint MyPassPhrase

Bridged Internet sharing:

create_ap -m bridge wlan0 eth0 MyAccessPoint MyPassPhrase

Bridged Internet sharing (pre-configured bridge interface):

create_ap -m bridge wlan0 br0 MyAccessPoint MyPassPhrase

Internet sharing from the same WiFi interface:

create_ap wlan0 wlan0 MyAccessPoint MyPassPhrase

Choose a different WiFi adapter driver

create_ap --driver rtl871xdrv wlan0 eth0 MyAccessPoint MyPassPhrase

No passphrase (open network) using pipe:

echo -e "MyAccessPoint" | create_ap wlan0 eth0

WPA + WPA2 passphrase using pipe:

echo -e "MyAccessPoint\nMyPassPhrase" | create_ap wlan0 eth0

Enable IEEE 802.11n

create_ap --ieee80211n --ht_capab '[HT40+]' wlan0 eth0 MyAccessPoint MyPassPhrase

Client Isolation:

create_ap --isolate-clients wlan0 eth0 MyAccessPoint MyPassPhrase

Systemd service
Using the persistent systemd service

Start service immediately:

systemctl start create_ap

Start on boot:

systemctl enable create_ap


Getting Started with Zend I have a Zend Framework installed on my pc and when I add some actions in            Index Controller I get a 404 ERROR, but if I write some actions on another controller let's say TestController the file will be sent to browser.
My apache2.conf configuration is :

# AccessFileName: The name of the file to look for in each directory
# for additional configuration directives.  See also the

# directive.
#

AccessFileName .htaccess

#
# The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being
# viewed by Web clients.
#
<Files ~ "^\.ht">
   Order allow,deny
   Deny from all
   Satisfy all

My configuration for  etc/apache2/sites-available/default is:

<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost

DocumentRoot /var/www
<Directory />
    Options FollowSymLinks
    AllowOverride All
</Directory>
<Directory /var/www/>
    Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
    AllowOverride All
    Order allow,deny
    allow from all
</Directory>

ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/
<Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin">
    AllowOverride None
    Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch
    Order allow,deny
    Allow from all
</Directory>

ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log

# Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,
# alert, emerg.
LogLevel warn

CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
</VirtualHost>

My configuration for /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/zendexample.local is:

         DocumentRoot "/var/www/ZendExample/public"
         ServerName ZendExample.local

    # This should be omitted in the production environment
    SetEnv APPLICATION_ENV development

   <Directory "/var/www/ZendExample/public">
      Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks
      AllowOverride All
      Order allow,deny
      Allow from all
   </Directory>

</VirtualHost>

Same code for etc/apache2/sites-available/zendexample.local
At comand sudo a2enmod rewrite the answer is:
     Module rewrite already enabled
I give restart and reload commands to apache server.

In the end of post I repeat 404 ERROR appears only on IndexController actions(root path) if I put the same code in other controller(using same model) and implicit create a new folder (test)in scripts everytihing seems go well.

I have the same problem, just install Ubuntu 13.04, previous OS Fedora 19 all works fine, bu this problem! I see that you post this 3 month ago, did you have any solution now?

// To addmins, sory.

I have some solution,
OS 13.04 have apache 2.2
last version of xampp have apache 2.4

I install xampp and /index WORK!,
I sink the problem is in apache configs, but with I don't now,
for me the best solution is to use xampp.


How can I install Adobe AIR? I am a heavy user of certain applications that are built on AIR.

It appears that AIR has discontinued support for Linux. Even the older versions in the Adobe AIR Archives seem to support only 32 bit Linux distributions and I am on 64 bit currently.

Is there even a slight possibility that I could run AIR in these conditions? If so, can you please tell me where can I get a detailed step by step installation for this?

Download Latest Version Air 2.6.0 For Linux to your Desktop:

http://airdownload.adobe.com/air/lin/download/2.6/AdobeAIRInstaller.bin - 15.4Mb or find runtime files in Archived Adobe AIR SDK versions

Ctrl+Alt+T to open terminal
sudo apt-get install ia32-libs  - (32bit rubbish if you want to run this in x64 Ubuntu; if you have trouble, see "Depends: ia32-libs-multiarch but it is not installable" - Solution)
cd Desktop (change dir. to Desktop dir.)
chmod +x AdobeAIRInstaller.bin (change mode - execute permission yes)
./AdobeAIRInstaller.bin
(after you accept the Adobe Air license, it will prompt you for your password; it needs root access in order to install)

Maybe you'll get an error after the last command?

  Sorry, an error has occurred. Adobe AIR could not be installed. Install either Gnome Keyring or KDE KWallet before installing Adobe AIR.

This can be fixed:

In a terminal (default shortcut: Ctrl+Alt+T), type:

locate libgnome-keyring.so

This is my result (yours might be different):

/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgnome-keyring.so.0
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgnome-keyring.so.0.2.0

As suggested below by @jmendeth, the easiest way to tell the installer where to find these files is to use LD_LIBRARY_PATH:

For 32-bit Ubuntu (tested on 12.04):

LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu ./AdobeAIRInstaller.bin

For 64-bit Ubuntu, the command line would probably be:

LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu ./AdobeAIRInstaller.bin

If the LD_LIBRARY_PATH trick doesn't work, you can try this:

Create a symbolic link to your location strings that you found with the previous commands:

sudo ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgnome-keyring.so.0 /usr/lib/libgnome-keyring.so.0
sudo ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgnome-keyring.so.0.2.0 /usr/lib/libgnome-keyring.so.0.2.0

Use following commands for 32-bit systems:

sudo ln -s /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libgnome-keyring.so.0 /usr/lib/libgnome-keyring.so.0
sudo ln -s /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libgnome-keyring.so.0.2.0 /usr/lib/libgnome-keyring.so.0.2.0

Then repeat step 4 & 6 (skip 5, as the permission to execute the file hasn't changed).
Remove symbolic links after installation of Adobe AIR 2.6.0:

sudo rm /usr/lib/libgnome-keyring.so.0
sudo rm /usr/lib/libgnome-keyring.so.0.2.0

Reference:

Archived Adobe AIR SDK versions - https://helpx.adobe.com/air/kb/archived-air-sdk-version.html
Install 32-bit Adobe AIR for desktop Linux - https://helpx.adobe.com/air/kb/install-32-bit-air-linux.html
Install Adobe AIR 2 for 64-bit Linux systems - https://helpx.adobe.com/air/kb/install-air-2-64-bit.html
www.clarifylinux.org/2012/04/ubuntu-1204-tweak-and-hack-round-up.html

I have Ubuntu 14.04 64-bit. The only way of installing Adobe Air that worked for me was to follow the first part of these instructions for installing Balsamiq on Ubuntu, which is what I was trying to do in the first place.

A brief summary of those instructions:
- Download this Adobe Air installer
- Installing the 32-bit libgtk package (but I skipped this step; it didn't work for me, and didn't seem necessary)
- Making symbolic links to two libgnome-keyring files
- Making the Adobe Air installer executable and running it with sudo


How do I create a permanent Bash alias? I would like to create an alias to rm command in order to have a confirmation message after executing this command. So I am creating an alias like this alias rm='rm -i'. But as far as I know this is a temporary alias and it lives until you close the terminal.

As it is explained here to save alias permanently I need to execute ~/.bash_aliases or ~/.bashrc commands in terminal and add my alias there. But when I execute ~/.bashrc I get following error message :

bash: /home/bakhtiyor/.bashrc: Permission denied

When I run ~/.bash_aliases I get another error message like this:

bash: /home/bakhtiyor/.bash_aliases: File or directory doesn't exist.

What is the actual problem and how can I solve it?

To create an alias permanently add the alias to your .bashrc file

gedit ~/.bashrc

And then add your alias at the bottom.

Now execute . ~/.bashrc in your terminal (there should be a space between the . and ~/.bashrc.

Now you can check your alias.

I would suggest using /etc/bash.bashrc

You can add line at the end of that file.

alias ok="ping google.com"

After putting the aliases per line you have to reboot or relogin.


Shutdown/Reboot hangs Indefinitely - Ubuntu 16.04 After upgrading my laptop (Dell Inspiron 5447) to Ubuntu 16.04 I saw that I can't shut down or restart after a few hours using the system. It hangs in Plymouth and stays that way until I force the shutdown by pressing the On/Off button.

As this is a common problem (there are tons of questions on the Internet) I tried to fix it, but none of my attempts were effective. Already tried:

Boot with acpi=force, acpi=noirq and pci=noacpi;
Disabling Swap;
Run 'sync' before reboot or shutdown;
Use another kernel version (4.7, 4.8, 4.9 and 4.10 from mainline);
Disabling USB 3.0 in BIOS setting;
Disabling TLP;

The most interesting thing is:

I can shutdown/reboot normally using 14.04 and the kernel from Xenial HWE;
The system is shutting down/rebooting normally if it doesn't have a considerable uptime (< 2 hours for example);

My Machine Specs:

Dell Inspiron 5447 - BIOS A10
Intel Core i5-4210 Processor
8 GB RAM
480 GB SSD Sandisk
Hybrid Graphics (i915/amdgpu - Radeon R7 M265)

Does anyone know how to solve this problem?

I got exactly the same problem on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS.
After installing amdgpu-pro drivers ver. 492261 system hangs at reboot. Last message printed is: Restarting System

I solved the issue by adding reboot=pci to the list of parameters passed to the kernel:

Edit /etc/default/grub
Add reboot=pci to the end of GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT variable
run as root: update-grub
reboot (system will hang, turn off/on manually)
reboot (this time it will work)

I tried all the suggestions in the other answers and they didn't solve the issue for me.

I had the same issue in 18.04 with an MSI apache laptop (GE62VR GRF Apache Pro, GTX1060, intel core 7 H series).

My solution (I have a dual boot with win10)

For testing:
When the computer starts and you have the boot menu press the e key.

I observed that the apci=off option was present. I removed this. Had a successful boot (note this may be a problem for some other hardware configurations that have a tendency to hang when the acpi=off is removed).

Press f10 to boot. This will only be valid for this boot and is not saved or permanent.

After login I then rebooted the system and it worked fine. No hang just went through a standard reboot cycle (pew!).

To make it permanent in grub:

In terminal type sudo nano /etc/default/grub

Locate the line:
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=“acpi=off” and comment it out as follows:

#GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=“acpi=off”

I suppose you could also delete the line but I like to track my changes.

Save and close this file.

Then update in terminal with:

sudo update-grub

Next time you start or reboot the system will use these parameters at boot time without you having to change it on the fly.

I hope this is useful to someone out there.


Splitting one partition into three I bought a new laptop which had ubuntu installed in it and now I want to install windows8 on it along side ubuntu with dual boot, so I need separate partitions for windows, ubuntu and my data. I want to split my 443.76GB drive in to three drives, one for win8 OS and two equal size drives for data.

But before that I dont know what drive does the ubuntu OS is using for its files (i guess the 3GB drive ), should I increase its size ? Will I be able to use the ubuntu OS without any storage problems?

Please help me in a but of detail as I am new to linux, ubuntu.

Here is the current state of my HD...

Partition = /dev/sda1, File System = fat 32, Mount Point =  , Label = Dell Utility, Size = 300MB, Used = 4.12MB, flag = diag
Partition = /dev/sda2, File System = fat 32, Mount Point =  , Label = OS, Size = 3GB, Used = 1.84GB, flag = lba
Partition = /dev/sda3, File System = ext4, Mount Point = / , Label =  , Size = 454.71GB, Used = 10.96GB, flag = boot
Partition = /dev/sda4, File System = extented, Mount Point =  , Label =  , Size = 7.75GB, Used = --, flag = --
Partition = /dev/sda5, File System = linux-swap, Mount Point =  , Label = , Size = 7.75GB, Used = -- , flag = --

sudo fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders, total 976773168 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x12c561d1

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1            2048      616447      307200   de  Dell Utility
/dev/sda2          616448     6907903     3145728    c  W95 FAT32 (LBA)
/dev/sda3   *     6907904   960507903   476800000   83  Linux
/dev/sda4       960509950   976771071     8130561    5  Extended
Partition 4 does not start on physical sector boundary.
/dev/sda5       960509952   976771071     8130560   82  Linux swap / Solaris

Thank you.

Download and install Ubuntu on a live CD/USB.
Boot up the CD/USB and choose try it out.
Start gparted on the Live-USB/CD and choose the size of your
partitions. You don't want to have a partition mounted that you want
to change.

If you boot with a Live-CD/USB and don't mount(use) the partition you want to shrink and divide then you wont have the danger of writing to some part of a partition that you just divided into a smaller one, which will give an error. So to be on the safe side. Use a Live-USB/CD.

I would use NTFS or FAT32 for the file storage drives, since they can be accessed from both Ubuntu and Windows.

Questions?

Ubuntu is installed to /dev/sda3.  I have no idea what that 3 GB partition is, but based on the fact that it is named "OS" and you have a dell recovery partition, I would say that it was where you had Windows installed at one point, and you must have deleted most of the files there and shrank the partition to install Ubuntu.


NFS hangs in Ubuntu 15.10 i have problem with nfs in 15.10. Before 15.10 i use 14.04 with nfs shares from my server without problems for years.

But after new Ubuntu 15.10 installation my nfs shares sometimes stop responding. I can't even do ls in directory where shares are mount, because even ls will freeze. I have links from nfs to my home directory and when this happens i can't access my home. I must restart to solve this problem. Even restart is problem, because computer don't restart and i need to use ctrl+sysrq reisub or restart button on pc. I can't find anything useful in logs.

Could you please help, how to discover where could be problem? Or even better do you know where could be the problem? Thank you.

Ubuntu 15.10 client settings

/etc/fstab:
192.168.168.123:/sklad/data     /media/bender   nfs4    auto    0  0
192.168.168.123:/safe           /media/safe     nfs4    auto    0  0

Which mount nfs with this settings:
192.168.168.123:/safe on /media/safe type nfs4 (rw,relatime,vers=4.0,rsize=262144,wsize=262144,namlen=255,hard,proto=tcp,port=0,timeo=600,retrans=2,sec=sys,clientaddr=0.0.0.0,local_lock=none,addr=192.168.168.123)
192.168.168.123:/sklad/data on /media/bender type nfs4 (rw,relatime,vers=4.0,rsize=262144,wsize=262144,namlen=255,hard,proto=tcp,port=0,timeo=600,retrans=2,sec=sys,clientaddr=0.0.0.0,local_lock=none,addr=192.168.168.123)

This works in 14.04 64bit without any problems.

uname -a
Linux fry 4.2.0-18-generic #22-Ubuntu SMP Fri Nov 6 18:25:50 UTC 2015 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

nfs version
ii  libnfs8:amd64                                 1.9.7-2                                    amd64        NFS client library (shared library)
ii  libnfsidmap2:amd64                            0.25-5                                     amd64        NFS idmapping library
ii  nfs-common                                    1:1.2.8-9ubuntu10                          amd64        NFS support files common to client and server

Server settings

/etc/exports
/media/     192.168.168.0/24(ro,async,fsid=0,no_subtree_check)
/media/sklad/   192.168.168.14(rw,async,no_subtree_check) 192.168.168.8(rw,async,no_subtree_check) 192.168.168.9(ro,async,no_subtree_check) 192.168.168.6(rw,async,no_subtree_check)
/media/safe 192.168.168.14(rw,sync,no_subtree_check,no_root_squash) 192.168.168.40(rw,sync,no_subtree_check)

uname -a
Linux bender 2.6.32-42-generic #96-Ubuntu SMP Wed Aug 15 18:57:09 UTC 2012 i686 GNU/Linux

nfs version
ii  nfs-common                           1:1.2.0-4ubuntu4.2                              NFS support files common to client and serve
ii  nfs-kernel-server                    1:1.2.0-4ubuntu4.2                              support for NFS kernel server
ii  libnfsidmap2                         0.23-2                                          An nfs idmapping library

I just reinstalled a Dell Inspiron laptop with Ubuntu 15.10 (64 bit) & hit exactly the same problems with my NFS shares. Each time I tried to access an NFS share, Nautilus would crash along with any other software trying to access that share. Sometimes, even the whole laptop would lock up.

I even activated debugging to a separate logfile (add *.debug    /var/log/debug.log to the end of /etc/rsyslog.conf) & used rpcdebug -m nfs -s proc to log NFS clientside events - which told me nothing. The logs just stopped as it crashed, but that did make me think that this was happening at a very low level.

So, in desperation, I updated the kernel. I had been running 4.2.0-30-generic but I downloaded & installed 4.5.0-040500rc7-generic instead.

This fixed all of my NFS crashes & totally SOLVED my problem...

So, there you go. I checked in /boot & I had both 4.2.0-30-generic & 4.2.0-16-generic there, along with my new 4.5.0-040500rc7-generic kernel, & it was a clean install only a few days ago. The NFS crashes started as soon as I booted it up after the install, as I tried to copy a file from my NFS share & it instantly crashed. It's crashed ever since, so both those versions of the kernel had the same problem. Thankfully, it all appears to be fixed now, with 4.5 - but I don't know enough about kernel hacking to tell you why...

I had the same issue starting with 15.04 and still with an upgrade to 15.10. I can see my nfs directories initially, but a large file transfer or accessing a large file > 1G will cause a freeze... sometimes the rest of the system will still respond, but the directories involved including my home directories will lock up. I can't do ls or open nautilus to browse nfs or my home directories. Only thing that seems to work is a reboot.

Client fstab:

192.168.1.105:/srv/nfs4/MUSIC_PICS_APPS /home/user/MUSIC_PICS_APPS nfs4 user,auto 0 0
192.168.1.105:/srv/nfs4/NEW_MOVIE_MUSIC /home/user/NEW_MOVIE_MUSIC nfs4 user,auto 0 0
192.168.1.105:/srv/nfs4/NEW_LEARNING /home/user/NEW_LEARNING nfs4 user,auto 0 0
192.168.1.105:/srv/nfs4/MASSIVE /home/user/MASSIVE nfs4 user,auto 0 0

Server fstab:

#/dev/sdb1: LABEL="PERSONAL" UUID="1CBCA6E7BCA6BB22" TYPE="ntfs"
UUID=1CBCA6E7BCA6BB22                       /srv/nfs4/PERSONAL        ntfs-3g defaults,auto,users,rw           0 0
##/dev/sdc1: LABEL="MUSIC_PICS_APPS" UUID="1b0ea35f-ee96-4b5b-9fc8-f76da0c10840" TYPE="ext4"
UUID=1b0ea35f-ee96-4b5b-9fc8-f76da0c10840   /srv/nfs4/MUSIC_PICS_APPS ext4   defaults,auto,users,rw,noatime    0 1
##/dev/sdd1: LABEL="NEW_MOVIE_MUSIC" UUID="F8ECD8C2ECD87C76" TYPE="ntfs"
UUID=F8ECD8C2ECD87C76                       /srv/nfs4/NEW_MOVIE_MUSIC ntfs-3g defaults,auto,users,rw           0 0
##/dev/sde1: LABEL="NEW_LEARNING" UUID="3CC03B68C03B2792" TYPE="ntfs"
UUID=3CC03B68C03B2792                       /srv/nfs4/NEW_LEARNING    ntfs-3g defaults,auto,users,rw           0 0
##/dev/sde1: LABEL="MASSIVE" UUID="96df00c8-4784-46dc-aa88-ff52cffa4e71" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="c4eae5c0-8c60-49ae-94be-22856e030401"
UUID=96df00c8-4784-46dc-aa88-ff52cffa4e71   /srv/nfs4/MASSIVE         ext4    defaults,auto,users,rw,noatime   0 1

Server /etc/exports:

/srv/nfs4/PERSONAL          192.168.1.101(rw,sync,no_subtree_check,sync)
/srv/nfs4/MUSIC_PICS_APPS   192.168.1.101(rw,sync,no_subtree_check,sync)
/srv/nfs4/NEW_MOVIE_MUSIC   192.168.1.101(rw,sync,no_subtree_check,sync)
/srv/nfs4/NEW_LEARNING      192.168.1.101(rw,sync,no_subtree_check,sync)
/srv/nfs4/MASSIVE           192.168.1.101(rw,sync,no_subtree_check,sync)


How do I show date next to time in the panel with gnome-shell? I would like to show the date in the bar up the top there (next to the time).  I can not see any obvious way to enable this.

As a regular user run this in a terminal when using GNOME Shell:

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface clock-show-date true

REF: How do I show date next to time in the panel with gnome-shell?
Ubuntu 18.04:  The tool "dconf-editor" also works GREAT in 18.04, although the location (in the editor) has changed.
dconf-editor is easily added with the included Ubuntu Software app.
Simply search for "date" with deconf-editor's search feature and turn date "on".


how to use an image for my custom .desktop file for unity previews When one left clicks an application, it also displays the screenshot of the desired application.

screenshot of the desired effect:

I can't find the screenshotlink=? command in the vlc.desktop file (and or other .desktop files)

This is what I have now:

Question: How to get an image for my custom made .desktop file.

Note: If needed, I can post the code used for my custom  .desktop file

It seems that the name of the .desktop files itself relate to applications in software center.

If you copy the /usr/share/applications/firefox.desktop to your ~/.local/share/applications and then rename firefox.desktop to (for example) libreoffice-calc.desktop (content of the file untouched). Then type in firefox and you'll see in one of the items the preview and comments from libre instead of firefox.

Therefore i think that it is not possible to have own preview images / thumbnails unless your application is in the ubuntu repos.


Why can't I install the nvidia 304.60 driver in Ubuntu 12.10 AMD64? I can't install the nvidia driver in Ubuntu 12.10. The following error appears after I issue the command sudo apt-get install nvidia-current nvidia-settings after adding the nvidia ppa:

Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:

Is there any solution?

The best (and safest) way of actually getting the 304.60 driver at this point is downloading it directly from NVIDIA and manually installing it.

Download the driver; the 64 bit driver is obtained here, or if the 32 bit driver is needed, it is here.
Drop into a console: Ctrl-Alt-F1 (In order to get back to the GUI, you can type Ctrl-Alt-F7)
Login as root (username, hit enter, password).
Terminate the current X session: sudo service lightdm stop.
In order to make sure no conflicts arise, it is safest to remove the currently installed NVIDIA driver before installing the new one: sudo apt-get purge nvidia-current nvidia-settings.
Now enter the directory where you downloaded the file, e.g. by typing cd ~/Downloads.
To actually install the driver, type sudo sh ./NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-304.60.run, replacing the name of the driver if needed.
Now just reboot (sudo reboot) to see if the new driver is working!

Why would you need to, just open up the software sources and click on the additional drivers tab and install it from there.  If you have any issues with the driver then you can easily revert back to the noveau drivers.


how to uninstall php7 How to uninstall php 7 on. I was trying to manage two different websites with two different versions of php (5.6 and 7), but it didn't work, so I need to uninstall both versions and to install one clear version.

Try opening a terminal window (Alt-Ctrl-T) and running sudo apt purge php7.0

Type sudo apt purge php and hit tab and you will get all the installed php packages listed in the terminal. You can remove or keep the packages as you wish.

Update the package lists in the system and install PHP with following command:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install php7.0


Upgraded to 16.04 and now getting error message After successfully upgraded to 16.04, I am now getting this message whilst booting
lvmetad not active yet, using direct access

This is an inofensive message and you should not worry about it.

If you do 'man lvmetad' you'll find that it is a daemon that caches disk metadata. If this daemon is not available, lvm will read the metadata from the disk. This may be a problem with very complex systems with hundreds of volumes, but it is not for a desktop.

Every message that says it has been solved by touching grub or after installing some packages, has probably solved by upgrading the system and recreating the grub configuration.

This is a very very low priority bug and was there in Ubuntu and Debian for a while. Probably will dissapear in a upgrade without doing anything.

I've got that message for a while and without any adverse condition.

People complaining to be unable to login are being affected by another error and should continue checking the logs to find it.

Thanks to @Kyle in this thread, you can stop this blocking your interactive ttys from appearing with the following:

  I managed to resolve this for my machines by adjusting the grub
  configuration like so:

  In /etc/default/grub, change:

  GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash" to
  GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="nomodeset"
  Then add this line:
  GRUB_TERMINAL_INPUT="console serial"
  Run sudo update-grub and reboot for the changes to take effect.