How can I make Synergy accommodate the dead space around dual monitors? I have desktop with two monitors (monitors 1 and 2) and a laptop (monitor 3). I've placed the laptop below the desktop using Synergy's interactive configuration screen.

The resulting behavior is that one of the desktop's monitors connects to half of the laptop's screen:

but given the laptop's physical position, this arrangement would make more sense:

How can I make it do that?

I would try using ranges. (I'm estimating that the amount of left to right spread that is the right monitor is 60 percent. Starting at 40% from the left and extending to 100%.)

Notice the black space? That part counts. That's why I say to put it 40% in instead of 0% to 100%. Try this first one.

section: links
    Desktop:
        down(40,100) = Laptop
    Laptop:
        up = Desktop(40,100)
end

So far, this is the best that I think it can do. I tried to figure out a way you could move from Desktop-Monitor1 or monitor 2, but I just ended up only being able to leave the right side of monitor 2, not monitor one. Same problem trying to make it so that you can leave Lappy and move left onto D1 - you end up arriving on D2

If i understand the problem correctly it seems a possible solution would be to make screen 2 the synergy Server ( and therefore screen 1). It seems like synergy intepretes the position in relation to the server.

EDIT: You can create or edit the synergy configuration file, which has several sections. In the section 'links' you can edit the relativ position of the screens to each other (as in edges). You can find a guide how to do this at http://synergy2.sourceforge.net/configuration.html
If you replace host1 with the correct names it should something like that:

section: links
   host1:
            down = host 2

host2:
            up = host1

If host1 is your primary screen it should switch to it, and for your other monitor you dont need synergy anyway.

(Edited with my phone so sry for the formatting)


Cannot RDP to Windows 7 with Remmina on 12.04 Since I upgraded to 12.04, I am unable to RDP to a Windows 7 server. All I can see is a pop-up that says "Uable to connect to RDP server ". I am able to RDP using Vinagre, so that rules out any issues with my router or the Windows server.
As far as I can tell, there are no logs from Remmina and the Debug window shows a blank.
Any one got any ideas?
Thanks.

I too had the problem that I could connect to a Windows 7 machine and suddenly (after weeks) I got this error:
Unable to connect to RDP server

In my case I deleted the entry from ~/.freerdp/known_hosts and it then worked fine.

I haven't had any files in ~/.freerdp/certs/ so I went ahead and cleared the file ~/.freerdp/known_hosts with this command:

echo "" > ~/.freerdp/known_hosts

Be careful! This will erase the entire file. I only had one entry, so it was okay.

Afterwards connecting to the server Remmina asked me to accept the servers certificate, which I did, and everything was finally back to normal. I suspect that an update of Remmina or the RDP protocoll might be the issue.


/usr/bin/sudo must be owned by uid 0 and have the setuid bit set I have run following command accidentally

sudo chown [username] -hR /

Now sudo su getting error:

sudo: /usr/bin/sudo must be owned by uid 0 and have the setuid bit set

How to Solve This?

As you'll read on this answer on SO, this problem is not as hard as people are making it. You can get the sudo command working again without a reinstall by following these simple steps:

Log out as the current user, then log back in as root.
Execute chown root:root /usr/bin/sudo && chmod 4755 /usr/bin/sudo
Log out as root, then log back in as the current user.

This does the trick and is much quicker and less painful than the "nuclear option" recommended in other answers.

If your root password is not set, you can boot in Recovery Mode to set it.

Note that this will resolve the titular error /usr/bin/sudo must be owned by uid 0 and have the setuid bit set but if like the OP you did more than mess up the permissions of the /usr/bin/sudo file, a more "nuclear" option may in fact make more sense.

I have changed /usr/lib/ to root owner but but sudo only executes with root login in the terminal.

step one: su root
step two: cd /usr/lib
step three: chown -R root:root sudo

and that is it. Just NOTE you have tu run su root every time you want to use sudo.


Black screen after dist-upgrade I just bought a laptop running 16.04.2 LTS Ubuntu. I executed the following commands:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

My Wifi went off in between for a second. After the upgrade completed, it asked for my password but then it completely went blank. There was just a cursor
on the screen. Even after force shutdown, after I login, all I see is a blank screen.

From tty1 screen when I type startx, I get a simple GUI screen with 2 folders.

What should I do ?

Did you try this?

Boot into recovery mode and drop to a command prompt then run these commands:

  sudo mv /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf.old

sudo dpkg-reconfigure -phigh xserver-xorg


Why Ubuntu 12.10 doesn't recognize my graphic card? In Settings, Ubuntu says my graphic card is unknown :

The command lspci | grep VGA gives me this :

Why ?

The System Information panel in the system settings is not getting the value from the hardware, as lspci does, but is getting information from the userspace drivers for Xorg and OpenGL. As a result, depending on which drivers are being used, the requisite information it uses may not be available. In this case, it defaults to displaying Unknown rather than the name or type of your graphics card.

More accurately, the panel tells you what graphics system you are using, and not what graphics card you have.

lspci gives you a list of devices and their descriptions as reported by the device itself.

The Settings dialogue involvesthe systems  own checking of the signatures of the graphics cards recognised in its own database, quite independent of this description.  This database may be incomplete, and may not include variant cards, but really is not that important.

You may find that once you install proprietary drivers, that suddenly the card is recognised. The install may need some changes to your[ \[boot parameters\]][1]...critical appears to be ensure [nomodeset][2] parameter is used


How to install and run Scilab manually? Firstly, I saw topics such as 'How to install manually a software...' but it did not solve my problem. I've downloaded Scilab 5.4.1 from the official website and I extracted the .tar.gz file into:

/home/scilab-5.4.1

I then tried the commands below, but they gave several errors:

$ cd scalib-5.4.1
$ configure        @1
$ make             @2
$ make install     @3

these gave the following messages in the terminal:

@1: configure: command not found
@2: make: *** No targets specified and no makefile found.  Stop.
@3: make: *** No rule to make target `install'.  Stop.

I tried following commands:

$ cd scilab-5.4.1
$ cd bin
$ scilab

which gave the message:

The program 'scilab' is currently not installed.  You can install it
by typing: sudo apt-get install scilab

Ok, I just tried installing it, an it worked OK.  Here what I did: To install, just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

sudo apt-get install scilab

After the installation was done, I searched for scilab in dash, and clicked on it

After I clicked on it, it opened, and I checked the version, and it was 5.4.1

Hope that helps.

Ubuntu 18.04

sudo sed -i 's/jlatexmath-fop-1.0.6.jar/jlatexmath-fop-1.0.7.jar/' /usr/share/scilab/etc/classpath.xml
sudo apt install libcanberra-gtk-module libcanberra-gtk3-module


Ubuntu 20.04 dual screen menu issue I have a dual monitor setup, the left monitor being an old HP LA2405x, 24", 60hz refresh rate. The right monitor is a viewsonic vx2458-c-mhd, 24", 144hz.
Naturally I want the Viewsonic to be the primary monitor, however both are active and Viewsonic is primary, the app menu scroll does not work. If I enable the HP as primary with both monitors active the menu scroll works fine.

After playing around with the display setting I found the issue was that the HP native resolution is 1920x1200(16:10) and the Viewsonic is 1920x1080(16:9).
Forcing the HP to display in 1920x1080 fixed the problem.


How do I tell a shell script my password? I've been trying to create a script that runs sudo apt-get update and sudo apt-get autoremove whenever I log in. It goes like this:

#!/bin/bash
(sudo apt-get update)
(sudo apt-get autoremove)

But whenever I run the script it freezes my computer. I'm assuming it's because it's waiting for the script to supply a password. Would it work if I added PASSWD:mypassword after the commands like this:

#!/bin/bash
(sudo apt-get update)PASSWD:mypassword
(sudo apt-get autoremove)PASSWD:mypassword

or is there something else I should do? Is there even a way? If so please tell me!

You don't actually have to include your password in your script (from what I have seen its generally not advisable to have your password in a script). Instead you can edit your sudoer file to allow you to run the apt-get command without the need for a password.

For more information go to this website.

open a terminal (ctrl + alt + T)

Enter the command

sudo visudo

At the end of the sudoers file type

username ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/apt-get

Where username is your username (obviously)

editing this file will allow you to run any of the apt-get commands without entering a password. This means you can also install or upgrade packages without entering your password.

You can also add other comands to this list by entering the path to the command after a comma. The path to a command can be found by entering the following command in a terminal.

which command

Where command is the name of the command( for example reboot).

Try this script:

#!/bin/bash
echo "yourpassword" | sudo -S apt-get update
echo "yourpassword" | sudo -S apt-get autoremove

Here, you echo your password and the read the password using -S option (stdin option for sudo).


MAC changes back after 30 min or earlier I have lubuntu 14.04 system and need to change MAC for internet conncetion to work.

I've done this:

ifconfig eth0 down
ifconfig eth0 hw ether MAC_ADRESS
ifconfig eth0 up

But repeatedly after 30 min or less original MAC is restored and I lose Internet connection. Which process can be responsible for this?

You need to update the OS config for your preferred interface MAC address (hwaddress):

http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/vivid/en/man5/interfaces.5.html


How can I make my flashdrive persistent? I'm currently running ubuntu 17 on my flashdrive. It's the first time I use linux and I have no idea what`s going on. I followed this tutorial but when the computer boots it shows a few options, like install ubuntu or try it. I always choose the second one. If I choose install, can it be done in the flashdrive with the ISO?

Persistent live system

UNetbootin has a built in persistence option, it uses a file named casper-rw for persistence. Maximum size of UNetbootin's persistence file is 4GB and is size limited by the FAT32 file system.

Mkusb creates an Ubuntu flash drive that boots using grub2. It uses a FAT32 boot partition, a ISO9660 read only OS partition, an ext casper-rw persistence partition, (not limited to 4GB), and a NTFS partition that can be used by Linux or Windows.

Full installed system

You can alternately do a Full install to USB drive.

It is recommended to first unplug the internal HDD, boot the installer drive, insert the USB target drive and install to it.

"Something else" can be used to add a boot partition, a NTFS partition for Windows, a "/home" partition and swap.

EDIT: As "Anwar" has said, in the later Ubuntu releases the persistence may not be enabled. I haven't tried yet Ubuntu 17 and searching through internet I am not able to find anything related with this. As soon as I will try it I will edit this post to confirm it.

In the way you have done it (following that tutorial) you can use the OS as a Live version. It will always ask you in the boot if you want to install Ubuntu or to try it. If you choose to try ubuntu you can use it, install programs, modify settings and files and this changes will be written to the USB storage, so in the next boot everything will keep as you leaved it the last time.

If you do not want to have a LiveUSB, and instead have actually Ubuntu installed in the USB drive, then check the pages that "karel" has comment in your question.


Problems after installing ATI proprietary driver I'm an absolute beginner with ubuntu. After installing 11.10 I get a message to install ATI proprietary driver. The new one can't be installed, the older one get installed. After installation I must reboot. I do so and my monitor shows me something like "70Hrz horizontal and 60Hrz vertical are not supported" on a black screen. I don't find a way to set other resolution like 1024x768 or 1280x1024 and I can't see something, even CPU seems to be working.

From the above forums post, boot to recovery mode and run the following commands

apt-get remove --purge xorg-driver-fglrx fglrx-kernel-source
apt-get update
dpkg-reconfigure xserver-xorg

Reboot and X should work.

You can try to install the proprietary drivers, check to see if your card is supported first

Supported hardware : http://wiki.cchtml.com/index.php/Hardware

Installation guide : http://wiki.cchtml.com/index.php/Ubuntu_Oneiric_Installation_Guide

you might want to look at this-

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1235817


skypeforlinux white screen on 14.04 Yesterday my skypeforlinux program started showing only a white screen after login. I see the chat window for a fraction of a second and then it goes white. The top menus still show (and appear functional, I can press 'quit') but no dialogs, chats, etc appear.

I have tried restarting and tried clearing the config/skypeforlinux directory. No change. I don't have sudo access to the machine so can't reinstall the software.

If I start Skype via the command line then I get the following messages just as the white screen appears:

ALSA lib pcm.c:2239:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM mic_call
ALSA lib pcm.c:2239:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM call
ALSA lib pcm.c:2239:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM mic_call
ALSA lib pcm.c:2239:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM call
ALSA lib pcm.c:2239:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM mic_call
ALSA lib pcm.c:2239:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM call
X Error of failed request:  BadRequest (invalid request code or no such operation)
  Major opcode of failed request:  140 (RANDR)
  Minor opcode of failed request:  42 ()
  Serial number of failed request:  10
  Current serial number in output stream:  10

Any ideas what's happening here? It was working fine until yesterday.

I am having the same problem on Ubuntu 14.04.5.

As I just posted on the Microsoft forum, a workaround for me is the usage of version 8.10.0.4. You can download it here.

I deleted the ~/.config/skypeforlinux folder and installed it via terminal:
sudo dpkg -i /skypeforlinux_8.10.0.4_amd64.deb

Hopefully this works for you, too. :)

worked for me, by changing to latest version of skype from
https://www.ubuntuupdates.org/?type=ppas&vals=159
1. downloaded "skypeforlinux_8.19.76.8_amd64.deb".
2. install via dpkg command


LibreOffice 7.0.1 broken installation I have downloaded the recent version ( 7.0.1) of LibreOffice. The problem is when I am trying to install, it is not installing properly.
How I am installing it?
I have extracted the LibreOffice installer ZIP file, enter in the DEBS folder, and executing all packages by using the following command sudo dpkg -i *.deb
After running the command it encounters some following errors
dpkg-deb (subprocess): decompressing archive member: lzma error: compressed data is corrupt
dpkg-deb: error: <decompress> subprocess returned error exit status 2
dpkg: error processing archive libobasis7.0-core_7.0.1.2-2_amd64.deb (--install):
cannot copy extracted data for './opt/libreoffice7.0/program/libbiblo.so' to '/opt/libreoffice7.0/program/libbiblo.so.dpkg-new': unexpected end of file or stream

Same dpkg error for the other packages too like calc, draw
dpkg: error processing package libobasis7.0-base (--install):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libobasis7.0-calc:
libobasis7.0-calc depends on libobasis7.0-core (>= 7.0.1.2); however:
Package libobasis7.0-core is not installed.
libobasis7.0-calc depends on libobasis7.0-core (<= 7.0.1.2-2); however:
Package libobasis7.0-core is not installed.

At last it shows
Errors were encountered while processing:
 libobasis7.0-core_7.0.1.2-2_amd64.deb
 libobasis7.0-base
 libobasis7.0-calc
 libobasis7.0-draw
 libobasis7.0-en-us
 libobasis7.0-extension-beanshell-script-provider
 libobasis7.0-extension-javascript-script-provider
 libobasis7.0-extension-mediawiki-publisher
 libobasis7.0-extension-nlpsolver
 libobasis7.0-extension-pdf-import
 libobasis7.0-extension-report-builder
 libobasis7.0-firebird
 libobasis7.0-gnome-integration
 libobasis7.0-graphicfilter
 libobasis7.0-images
 libobasis7.0-impress
 libobasis7.0-kde-integration
 libobasis7.0-libreofficekit-data
 libobasis7.0-math
 libobasis7.0-ogltrans
 libobasis7.0-onlineupdate
 libobasis7.0-ooolinguistic
 libobasis7.0-postgresql-sdbc
 libobasis7.0-python-script-provider
 libobasis7.0-pyuno
 libobasis7.0-writer
 libobasis7.0-xsltfilter
 libreoffice7.0
 libreoffice7.0-base
 libreoffice7.0-calc
 libreoffice7.0-dict-en
 libreoffice7.0-dict-es
 libreoffice7.0-dict-fr
 libreoffice7.0-draw
 libreoffice7.0-en-us
 libreoffice7.0-impress
 libreoffice7.0-math
 libreoffice7.0-writer
 libobasis7.0-librelogo

I can see the LibreOffice entries in the menu item, but unable to launch them
Now, when I am trying to uninstall them, ( sudo apt-get purge libreoffice-core )  I am getting the following error
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 libobasis7.0-base : Depends: libobasis7.0-core (>= 7.0.1.2) but it is not installable
                     Depends: libobasis7.0-core (<= 7.0.1.2-2) but it is not installable
 libobasis7.0-calc : Depends: libobasis7.0-core (>= 7.0.1.2) but it is not installable
                     Depends: libobasis7.0-core (<= 7.0.1.2-2) but it is not installable
 libobasis7.0-draw : Depends: libobasis7.0-core (>= 7.0.1.2) but it is not installable
                     Depends: libobasis7.0-core (<= 7.0.1.2-2) but it is not installable
 libobasis7.0-en-us : Depends: libobasis7.0-core (>= 7.0.1.2) but it is not installable
                      Depends: libobasis7.0-core (<= 7.0.1.2-2) but it is not installable
 libobasis7.0-extension-beanshell-script-provider : Depends: libobasis7.0-core (>= 7.0.1.2) but it is not installable

How can I fix it? Any help would be greatly appreciated

Try this:
Download the LibreOffice packages again, suppose they are downloaded at ~ / Downloads.
https://ftp.nluug.nl/office/libreoffice/libreoffice/stable/7.0.1/deb/x86_64/LibreOffice_7.0.1_Linux_x86-64_deb.tar.gz
https://ftp.nluug.nl/office/libreoffice/libreoffice/stable/7.0.1/deb/x86_64/LibreOffice_7.0.1_Linux_x86-64_deb_helppack_en-GB.tar.gz
https://ftp.nluug.nl/office/libreoffice/libreoffice/stable/7.0.1/deb/x86_64/LibreOffice_7.0.1_Linux_x86-64_deb_langpack_en-GB.tar.gz
Then run in a terminal
sudo apt-get -f install

sudo apt remove --purge libreoffice*

sudo apt remove --purge libobasis*

sudo apt autoremove

cd ~/Downloads

for x in *.tar.gz; do tar xfv $x; done

sudo dpkg -i LibreOffice_*/DEBS/*.deb

Your best bet is to use the snap version of LibreOffice.  I had the same problem as you and after I had deleted the deb version, I installed the current snap version which at the time was 4.6.2.  It has now updated to 7.0.1.  It works pretty well but I don't know if the icons are right.


Website access only with ip I recently installed Linaro Ubuntu 12.04 on my cubie development board and I can access websites only with ip adresses, for example I can access google with 74.125.224.72.

I also can ping only ip adresses. My DNS adresses are set to google DNS 8.8.8.8 and 8.8.4.4 in router settings. On Ubuntu I have set to ignore IPv6 and IPv4 to Automatic (DHCP) addresses only and specified google DNS there also.

My /etc/resolv.conf and hosts files are empty. Maybe this is a problem? Waiting for your help.

EDIT:
I found a solution. I just added these lines to my /etc/resolv.conf file:

nameserver 192.168.1.254
nameserver 208.67.222.222
nameserver 208.67.220.220

First ip is my router's address and last two are opendns ip addresses.

Try editing your resolv.conf and put

nameserver 8.8.8.8

Save it and give it a try, it should resolve correctly, its not a fix but a workaround.


Ubuntu 20.04 newly installed; No ethernet connection I'm aware of the number of similar questions in this site, but most that I saw have solution's that require special permissions, which in my case are not available to me.
I've just insalled Ubuntu 20.04 in a Dualboot. After plugging the Ethernet cable, I get a "Connected - 100 Mb/s" but a question mark appears on the network symbol. I cannot use Mozilla Firefox to open any site. It doesn't explicitly says "No connection", but it keeps loading forever. I tried desabling Ipv6 as some suggested in this site but it didn't work. A very similar problem to mine (I am unfortunately not able to link the question since I'm writing from my phone) suggested creating the file 10-globally-managed-devices.conf which should be located at /etc/NetworkManager/conf.d (the file doesn't exist for me). I however do not have the write/execute permissions on this folder nor I am able to put myself as owner.
Any ideas would be gratly appreciated.
I'm available to provide any information/command outputs that are necessary.

Create the file with sudo in terminal.
sudo touch /etc/NetworkManager/conf.d/10-globally-managed-devices.conf


13.04: Kernel panic - not syncing: No init found I know this question has been asked several times on this forum, but none of the answers given worked for me.

Tonight I did an install of Ubuntu 13.04 on a brand new Acer Aspire laptop. I formatted the complete harddisk, removing the existing windows 8 partitions. Installation had no problems. After rebooting the system hangs and says: "Kernel panic - not syncing: No init found. Try passing init= option to kernel".

I am able to boot the liveUSB.

What I have tried

Complete re-install of the system. Same error appears
Started LiveUSB, mounted filesystem, restarted. Same error.
Started LiveUSB, tried sudo fsck /dev/sdb1, mounted filesystem, restarted. Same error.

I am quite new to Ubuntu, what next steps can I take? How can I pass init= option to the kernel?

Thank you very much in advance!

Kernel panic can mean many things. My guess is you made some mistake during installation, related to formatting the drive.

Here is a guide on Kernel boot parameters and how to enter them dynamically when booting via grub.

This may help others with this problem.

I discovered it was caused by a problem extracting the .zip that contained the .img file.
Came across some signs of this when I looked at the file system and noticed files were missing.

So to fix the problem, I fired up terminal to extract the former .zip file from there and re-created the image via dd in terminal and it worked.


DNS Server (a newbie asking) I'm a new ubuntu user.  I installed webmin to control my website better than command lines and also to not install desktop for perfomance.
As I could understand what DNS is, how can I configure my server as a DNS server using BIND DNS server?  All the tutorials are just telling to use a domain for the dns server. How can I link a domain to the server without even having a DNS server?  And how can I set a DNS server without a domain?
I got a registered domain but I don't know where to point it without DNS server and how to set a DNS server without a linked domain to the server? o.O
I'm confused, please help.

If I understand correctly you have a Ubuntu machine being hosted for you by some company.

If so you have a web address of some sort to find that machine. Maybe its 123.456.78.90 or maybe its http://abdel.saad.hosting-company.com.
What is the address of your server, either the number or the FQDN.

A DNS server is like a phonebook it links google.com to 216.58.192.4. However domain names (at least good ones) aren't free. IF you want to buy abdelrahman.net you have to pay a registrar like namecheap or godaddy or ....
Then you like the EXTERNAL ip address to the new purchased domain. You don't use your personal DNS to map your machines public internet facing ip to a domain, thats what someone like google DNS or opendns does.

Webmin will use a port number by default it is 10000. That means that webmin is looking for a connection to the server it is installed on at port 10000.

The kind of DNS server you referenced are more for internal networks behind NAT.

ANSWER: go to http://'your_ip>':10000

Go to namecheap.com, buy a domain. In the dns section put in the ip address of that server. That will "link" the domain to the ip.


Ubuntu 12.10 boots to purple screen after upgrading from 12.04? I'm new to the whole linux world. I had Windows7, so in order to not to lose it I made a new partition for Ubuntu 12.04.

After the installation everything was good except a huge problem, my lapto has an Intel HD graphics card AND an AMD Radeon HD 6470M but to my surprise I saw the system used the  Intel graphics card whenever I logged into Ubuntu. I searched over the Internet but couldn't get anything.

And now comes The monumental problem, After upgrading from 12.04 to 12.10 when I rebooted and selected Ubuntu from Grub mneu, the whole booting procedure stacks every time at the purple screen and never reaches the login screen I don't know what to do  anymore I feel kinda desperate.

Unfortunately I cant provide any more info. because I call myself newbie at the Linux environment. If this whole thing rings any bell , is there any way we can fix this?

If you have the media you installed Ubuntu from, insert it into your computer and restart. If you don’t, download a Ubuntu live CD and burn it to a disc or install it on a USB flash drive. You can also download a dedicated Boot Repair live CD

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair boot-repair

click recommended repair.
reference boot repair


Install i386 printer driver on an amd64 system? According to this topic, it's possible to install these i386-drivers for my Pixma MP560 printer on an amd64 Ubuntu. Unfortunately, I cannot install the drivers:

sudo dpkg -i --force-architecture cnijfilter-common_3.20-1_i386.deb
dpkg: warning: overriding problem because --force enabled:
 package architecture (i386) does not match system (amd64)
(Reading database ... 151200 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to replace cnijfilter-common:i386 3.20-1 (using cnijfilter-common_3.20-  1_i386.deb) ...
Unpacking replacement cnijfilter-common:i386 ...
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of cnijfilter-common:i386:
 cnijfilter-common:i386 depends on libc6 (>= 2.3.4-1).
 cnijfilter-common:i386 depends on libcupsys2 (>= 1.2.1) | libcups2.
 cnijfilter-common:i386 depends on libpopt0 (>= 1.7).
dpkg: error processing cnijfilter-common:i386 (--install):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Processing triggers for libc-bin ...
ldconfig deferred processing now taking place
Errors were encountered while processing:
 cnijfilter-common:i386

The packages libc6, libcups2, and libpopt0 are installed on my system, but libcupsys2. But libcupsys2 is a virtual package since Ubuntu 7.04 and many users got the printer running under Ubuntu 10.10.

I'm on the 64 bit version of Ubuntu 11.04.

Any ideas?

Okay, this question is a bit old, but since I just bumped into the same thing, I'll post what solved it for me anyway:

I found the solution here:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/cups/+bug/701856/comments/20

Create a directory.
move the .deb files into the directory
open a shell
change dir into the directory

For each package do the following:

1. dpkg -x [package].deb common
2. dpkg --control [package].deb
3. vim DEBIAN/control
4. remove troublesome dependencies from the "Dependency: libc (..." line (or delete it -- move to line than press 'dd' than ESC:x)
5. cp -a DEBIAN/ common/
6. dpkg -b common [package].deb
7. dpkg -i [package].deb
8. rm -rf common DEBIAN

The procedure might seem complicated at first, but actually it is not. The step-by-step instructions are very easy and clear. I got my Brother HL-2250DN working this way.

Have a look at the posts on reference:

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1264928&page=13

HTH


How to set up and use a virtual python environment in Ubuntu? Python virtual environments are used to create isolated python environments to avoid dependency and version conflicts, and also indirectly take care of permission issues. But what is the easiest way to set it up, and use it, in Ubuntu?

With virtualenvwrapper (user friendly wrappers for the functionality of virtualenv)

Install virtualenv

Install virtualenv with

sudo apt install virtualenv

Install virtualenvwrapper

The reason we are also installing virtualenvwrapper is because it offers nice and simple commands to manage your virtual environments. There are two ways to install virtualenvwrapper:

As Ubuntu package (from Ubuntu 16.04)

Run

sudo apt install virtualenvwrapper

then run

echo "source /usr/share/virtualenvwrapper/virtualenvwrapper.sh" >> ~/.bashrc

Using pip

Install and/or update pip

Install pip for Python 2 with

sudo apt install python-pip

or for Python 3

sudo apt install python3-pip

(if you use Python 3, you may need to use pip3 instead of pip in the rest of this guide).

Optional (but recommended): Turn on bash autocomplete for pip

Run

pip completion --bash >> ~/.bashrc

and run source ~/.bashrc to enable.
Install virtualenvwrapper

Because we want to avoid sudo pip we install virtualenvwrapper locally (by default under ~/.local) with:

pip install --user virtualenvwrapper

and

echo "export VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON=/usr/bin/python3" >> ~/.bashrc

Source virtualenvwrapper in .bashrc

echo "source ~/.local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh" >> ~/.bashrc

Setup virtualenv and virtualenvwrapper:

First we export the WORKON_HOME variable which contains the directory in which our virtual environments are to be stored. Let's make this ~/.virtualenvs

export WORKON_HOME=~/.virtualenvs

now also create this directory

mkdir $WORKON_HOME

and put this export in our ~/.bashrc file so this variable gets automatically defined

echo "export WORKON_HOME=$WORKON_HOME" >> ~/.bashrc

We can also add some extra tricks like the following, which makes sure that if pip creates an extra virtual environment, it is also placed in our WORKON_HOME directory:

echo "export PIP_VIRTUALENV_BASE=$WORKON_HOME" >> ~/.bashrc

Source ~/.bashrc to load the changes

source ~/.bashrc

Test if it works

Now we create our first virtual environment. The -p argument is optional, it is used to set the Python version to use; it can also be python3 for example.

mkvirtualenv -p python2.7 test

You will see that the environment will be set up, and your prompt now includes the name of your active environment in parentheses. Also if you now run

python -c "import sys; print sys.path"

you should see a lot of /home/user/.virtualenv/... because it now doesn't use your system site-packages.

You can deactivate your environment by running

deactivate

and if you want to work on it again, simply type

workon test

Finally, if you want to delete your environment, type

rmvirtualenv test

Enjoy!

Thanks to the author of this blogpost.

It's easy, you install python-virtualenv. Then you can create a virtualenv with the virtualenv command. See their documentation for more.


grub2 failed to boot Windows 8 and got blurred screen Grub2 failed to boot Windows 8 and my computer got a blurred screen. Such problem happens to Windows 7 and XP too. I don't know thy only a few computers have this problem.
 I have searched a lot online and haven't found solution.

It´s probably a windows problem. Windows assumes that it is the only OS running on your computer (and so it is trying to load the entire hard drive but it can´t). Try to mount the windows partition into ubuntu and save your required data. After you finished that step you have to reinstall windows and declare that you wish to install it parallel to Ubuntu. After installing you need to reinstall your programs and load your data back from the hdd used for saving it.
A different (but really complicated) way of solving the problem is to mount the windows partition and fix the NTFS headers manually. But for doing such things you REALLY need to know what you´re doing. If you do so: you need to fix the partition size inside the 'registry of your windows partition' from the entire hard drive size to the new size of your partition. But note: I tried this several times and it only worked once for me.


2014 anti-virus prevention in Ubuntu: AVG deb is missing? While I am usually singing linux/ubuntu's praises, I am frustrated lately in the anti-virus department.  I like to scan my windows flash drive and occassionally my whole linux HDD for viruses using my xubuntu 12.04 LTS setup.  clamTK gives me too many false alerts to use it for a whole HDD and now AVG seems to have cancelled its .deb file for the terminal scanner.  While I wish AVG had a GUI, I miss its quick, efficient scans.

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Antivirus/Avg

the first link below seems to recommend Comodo.  I have no experience with Comodo and seems to be an always running cumbersome AV.

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Antivirus

https://www.comodo.com/home/download/download.php?prod=antivirus-for-linux

I know many linux users think that AV is not necessary for linux/BSD, but I was wondering what the rest of us are using in 2014 ?  A thorough AV engine with a simple GUI would be great.

Please help,
LBjr

found it here & yes it still works great –

http://free.avg.com/us-en/download-free-all-product


how to install topspin 4.08 in ubuntu 19.10 Is anyone can tell me how to install topspin 4.08 in ubuntu 19.10. I currently have the following errors:

NOTE: using DISPLAY=:0.0
NOTE: using TCL_LIBRARY=/tmp/selfgz27981/linux/tcl-8.6.9/lib/tcl8.6
NOTE: using TK_LIBRARY=/tmp/selfgz27981/linux/tk-8.6.9/lib/tk8.6
NOTE: running /tmp/selfgz27981/linux/tk-8.6.9/bin/wish8.6 -f /tmp/selfgz27981/xwinstall.d/swim/lib/xwinstall.tcl --
No protocol specified
No protocol specified
application-specific initialization failed: couldn't connect to display ":0.0"
NOTE: initial log file: /tmp/install.log
  ***  Fatal error  ***

No display
Current display is set to :0.0
Change the environment variable DISPLAY or restart this program as
/tmp/selfgz27981/install --display HOSTNAME:0
(with the appropriate hostname)

Exiting ...

Details:
Current display is set to :0.0
Change the environment variable DISPLAY or restart this program as
/tmp/selfgz27981/install --display HOSTNAME:0
(with the appropriate hostname)

Exiting ...
    while executing
"::rootwin::checkTkPresent"
    (procedure "::rootwin::init" line 2)
    invoked from within
"::rootwin::init"
    (procedure "MainProgram" line 13)
    invoked from within
"MainProgram"

auto_path = /tmp/selfgz27981/linux/tcl-8.6.9/lib/tcl8.6 | /tmp/selfgz27981/linux/tcl-8.6.9/lib | /tmp/selfgz27981/linux/tk-8.6.9/lib | /usr/local64/tcl-8.6.9/lib
The previous message has also been saved to /tmp/install.log

I happen to have a blog that is quite focussed on getting Bruker Topspin to work on Ubuntu and I have just made a blog post that should solve your problem. See:
https://selkieupsilon.blogspot.com/2020/06/installing-bruker-topspin-4-on-ubuntu.html
(I came across your question while looking at the top search results on "Ubuntu + Topspin")

Advice: If you are intending to use your computer for lots of NMR processing and analysis/research/scientific work, I strongly suggest you to upgrade to the 20.04 long term support LTS version as N0bert has suggested in the comments. The support cycle of the LTS is much more compatible with the stability you would need for a production machine compared to the in-between releases. Using a LTS means that you can continue to work, without needing to upgrade to the next release, in a stable environment, for at least 5 years; the in-between releases would require you to upgrade in ~9 months from the date of release, with part of your workflow potentially breaking every update. If you are new to Ubuntu, be aware that not every release is an LTS. I only use LTS releases for my work computers and that is the main reason why I only cover LTS releases in my blog posts.

I cannot guarantee that the rest of the commands below would work in 19.10, as I did not test 19.10. So I strongly recommend you to first upgrade to 20.04 before trying the installation again.

To answer your specific question, the command you ran (I'm assuming as root) would not work because root cannot be used to run graphical applications in the same way as in 18.04. I did not do a full troubleshoot on the reason, but I suspected it may be related to how $HOME is differently handled from 19.10 onwards.

Unfortunately, the (proprietary) Topspin installer is graphical. So you need to use the PolicyKit approach to run the graphical installer with elevated permissions/as root (PolicyKit approach taken from this blog post).

# pkexec env DISPLAY=$DISPLAY XAUTHORITY=$XAUTHORITY topspin-4-0-8-linux.sh

Just a warning that even after doing that and running the installation, it will not work immediately because Topspin requires another (proprietary) license manager called Codemeter Runtime and the DEB version is not bundled with the Topspin installer.

The installation of the Codemeter Runtime package is also unfortunately not straightforward under 20.04 (and I suspect also 19.10). I have covered how to install it on my blog. But briefly, you would need to install the equivs package to generate a dummy multiarch-support package, and I modified the instructions from this blogpost.

I'm happy to help troubleshoot if you run into further problems while retrying the installation under 20.04.

I encounter the same problem! The reason on this problem is user "root" can't connect GUI in this mode. Enable the user "root" and login in the ubuntu GUI using the user "root". Then you can install topspin normally(sh topspin-4.0.9-linux.sh).


Why do Windows and Linux see different files on a DVD ROM? I have a DVD ROM with some teaching resources on it (Headway Beginner's English teaching teacher's DVD). When I look at the DVD from a Ubuntu machine, I see one set of files (which includes a setup-linux file among other things, although that doesn't work).

When I view the same DVD from a Windows machine, I see a different set of files, including a setup-windows.exe file.

Neither machine sees all the files, but there are some common to both.

My questions are:

How does this work?
How can I see the all the files when using Ubuntu?

Edit: this is not due to files being "hidden" when viewed in a file manager, lower level things like "ls -a" do not reveal the missing files.

Edit 2: I'm using Ubuntu 18.04 LTS

I'm not sure this is the correct answer, but maybe it'll provide you with details that will help you.

It could be because MS-Windows and Unix use different file systems on DVD - even on the same DVD. Files on an optical medium are usually arranged using a file system protocol specified in the ISO 9660 standard (also see notes at the end).

But the standard allows for extensions, and Microsoft has designed their own extension to the standard called "Joliet" that allows Microsoft Windows compatible operating systems to read different file names with more features (longer names and support Unicode) than the standard ISO 9660 file system allows.

For Unix-style operating systems (such as Linux), another extension called "Rock Ridge" was developed, to allow even longer file names, Unix-style permissions, and a few other things.

It is very common to have both Rock Ridge and Joliet extensions on the same optical medium, but it could be that the creator of that DVD used these extensions in a clever way to only have the MS-Windows related files show in the Joliet part of the system and only have the Linux specific files show in the Rock Ridge part of the system. The isoinfo program discussed in this stackexchange answer might provide more information.

Notes:

As mentioned in the discussion in the comments, while a lot of media are still authored in ISO 9660 and its extensions where the kinds of tricks discussed in the OP can happen, ISO 9660 is obsolete and modern media should be authored using UDF (ISO 13346) which is a Universal Disk Format and only allows a single view of the entire file system - so such tricks will probably not be possible on a UDF authored disk.

Very probably the "rockridge" (unix) and "joliet" (microsoft) tables map the bare iso9660 file names differently. They both involve a "mapping" in each directory that basically says which actual iso files (8+dot+3 characters) should be seen as which longer name. So each file actually has 2 names, one limited to 8+3 characters, and one that's not.

On rockridge, this mapping is an actual file that gets added to each directory, iirc named "TRANS.TBL" or something. On joliet, it's an extremely ugly and stupid hack where a "directory entry" isn't an actual file, but is reserved for this purpose.


I upgraded from 17.04 to 17.10 on a Lenovo T540p which has broken two finger touchpad scrolling and right clicking Trackpad two finger scrolling and right-click issue with Ubuntu 17.10 (i386, 64bit, GNOME 3.26.1) on a Lenovo T540p (the model with a Intel Core i5-4210M Haswell CPU etc)

I have the same issue on my Thinkpad T450s. This issue is referenced on launchpad here: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/1722478

It seems to happen after a resume. The workaround described on LP1722478 works for me:

sudo modprobe -r psmouse
sudo modprobe psmouse

You probably were using Unity as your desktop environment before and are using Gnome Shell now. (Whether you wanted it or not, the upgrade decided for you.)

If you want to use Unity even now, that is an option, and it will resolve your problem. You may already have Unity installed, whether you know it or not, but in case you don't:

sudo apt install unity

Then when you restart and select your user on the login screen, don't enter your password right away. Instead, notice the little gear icon by your 'Sign in' button. Click it, and you should see that you have a choice between 'Ubuntu', 'Ubuntu on Xorg', and 'Unity'. Click 'Unity', then sign in with your password as usual.

I recommend this for users who want to go back to the environment they had before.


Why am I getting "Command 'deb' not found"? I have come across several installation instructions that include the command deb. But it appears that this command is not available on my installation.

Where can I get this command? Is there a work-around?

deb is not a command. It is used in /etc/apt/sources.list file to indicate a Debian software repository.
From Ubuntu Manpage - sources.list:

The source list is designed to support any number of active sources
and a variety of source media. The file lists one source per line,
with the most preferred source listed first. The format of each line
is: type uri args. The first item, type determines the format for
args.  uri is a Universal Resource Identifier (URI), which is a
superset of the more specific and well-known Universal Resource
Locator, or URL.
The deb type describes a typical two-level Debian archive,
distribution/component. The format for a sources.list entry using the
deb and deb-src types is:
deb [ options ] uri distribution [component1] [component2] [...]

The URI for the deb type must specify the base of the Debian
distribution, from which APT will find the information it needs.
distribution can specify an exact path, in which case the components
must be omitted and distribution must end with a slash (/). This is
useful for when the case only a particular sub-section of the archive
denoted by the URI is of interest. If distribution does not specify an
exact path, at least one component must be present.

So, if I have deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal main restricted in the sources.list file - it says: I have a Debian archive which is based on http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/, the distribution is quantal and the components are main and restricted.

This is not the CLI command.

This is information about some Debian package repository (used also by Ubuntu).

If you want to use this repository:

Open the file /etc/apt/sources.list with administrator privileges.
Add to this file a line with information about the repository starting with deb ...
Save the file.
Run this command:

apt-get update

Now you will be able to use this repository.


How do you see what packages are available for downgrade? This question is just an opposite of How do you see what packages are available for update question.

I want to check the answers in this question, is that the given answers really downgrade an installed package.It's so hard to run apt-cache policy package command on each and every installed package and to manually check for the available low versions in the repository.

So, is there any command to list all the installed packages which has a lower version available in the repositories(Packages which can be downgraded)?

You can check if a specific package has an possible candidate for downgrade using:

apt-cache showpkg package_name | sed "0,/Reverse Provides:/d"

Now, according with this Q&A you can use:

dpkg --get-selections | grep -v deinstall

to list all your installed packages which are "available for downgrade" af follow:

for i in $(dpkg --get-selections | grep -v deinstall | cut -f1); do apt-cache showpkg $i | sed "0,/Reverse Provides:/d"; done

Not sure about a command, but here is a bit of python:

from __future__ import print_function

import apt

def downgrade_versions(package):
  if package.versions is None or not package.is_installed:
    return []
  result = []
  for version in package.versions:
    if version < package.installed:
      result.append(version.version)
  return result

with apt.Cache() as cache:
  for package in cache:
    versions = downgrade_versions(package)
    if len(versions) > 0:
      print(package.fullname, package.installed.version, versions)

Prints the package name, the installed version, and a list of available versions less than the installed version.

For an individual package you can use apt-cache policy package. It shows the installed version and the available versions.


How to purge and competely reinstall tryton I made a mistake when trying to install Tryton. I think I deleted an important part of a text file when trying to configure it.This is the error message I get:  I didn't realize that the username was admin, that was where the trouble started. It just won't open up at all any more. I have tried these commands

sudo add-apt-repository --remove ppa:rayanayar/tryton-3.6
sudo apt-get purge tryton-modules-account
sudo apt-get purge sudo apt-get purge tryton-modules-account-product

The problem may be that I do not know how to purge neso. This is because in the software center it says Neso and there is not a command line name there.

I wish to purge and completely reinstall Tryton. How do you do this without doing a complete reinstall of the system? Again, thank you for all of your help, I really appreciate it.

sudo apt-get autoremove --purge tryton-client


How to Make Ubuntu look like Windows Vista? Well for Starters, I do know that this sounds weird to want it to look like vista and not windows 7, but I just don't like how win7 looks, that's just me, you can not change me.

I have searched on Google quite a bit looking for this, nothing shows me to make 12.04 look like vista, just win7.

So if you could help me, thanks!

To make Ubuntu 12.04 look like Windows Vista would take a bunch of time and effort, and you might break your system doing all those changes. As an alternative you can install Kubuntu that is the KDE (Desktop Environment) specifically modified for Ubuntu, it looks a little like Windows.

To install Kubuntu (KDE + Ubuntu) type the following command at the Terminal:

$ sudo apt-get install kubuntu-desktop

If you prefer a graphical interface to install it you can use Synaptic.

But the recommended way to do that is downloading the Kubuntu ISO. it's like downloading Ubuntu, but instead of using the Unity shell interface it will comes with KDE installed by default. To download the ISO file access Kubuntu.org to get more information about it.

If you like Vista's GUI, but don't want to leave Ubuntu then check out reference article with the links to skins, wallpapers, fonts and icons for making Ubuntu look like Vista.


How to recover data from overwritten NTFS partition? I downloaded Ubuntu 14.04 and installed it via a bootable USB drive.

I wanted dual-boot for Windows and Linux.

I already had installed Windows 8 in C: partition.
Now I installed Ubuntu in D: partition (with F: partition as swap area)

I'm unable to access D: and F: drives from Windows.

What do I do now?

I have my very important files in F: drive.
How to recover or access it?

Please help me. Thanks :)

It appears that you did not repartition the drive, but chose an existing Windows partition as swap space in the Ubuntu installer. This means your NTFS partition will be corrupted (mkswap was run on it). mkswap does not do a full format, so you should be able to recover the majority (perhaps all) of your files.

Boot Windows and run Microsoft Checkdisk (chkdsk) on your F: drive. You might need to change the partition type from 82 (Linux swap) to 07 (HPFS/NTFS/exFAT) if it does not recognise the drive as being a Windows drive.

If that does not work, try TestDisk

  The MFT (Master File Table) is sometimes corrupted. If Microsoft's
  Checkdisk (chkdsk) failed to repair the MFT, run TestDisk. In the
  Advanced menu, select your NTFS partition, choose Boot, then Repair
  MFT. TestDisk will compare the MFT and MFT mirror (its backup). If the
  MFT is damaged, it will try to repair the MFT using the backup. If the
  MFT backup is damaged, it will use the main MFT.

  If both MFT and MFTMirr are damaged and thus cannot be repaired using
  TestDisk, you might want to try commercial software like Zero
  Assumption Recovery, GetDataBack for NTFS or Restorer 2000.

Did you install Ubuntu in UEFI mode or Legacy BIOS mode? If you have installed Ubuntu through legacy mode, then you won't be able to access Ubuntu when UEFI is enabled and vice versa.

Also, if you assigned your F: partition, i.e /dev/sdxy as your swap area, Ubuntu has to format that partition for using it as swap. You won't be able to get back your data (unless you did backup it or perform a data recovery).

Make sure GRUB is properly installed and configured.


executing certain commands do absolutely nothing I have installed 3 new packages recently through NPM and none of them are executing.

I ran sudo npm install -g ionic and the installation looked like normal.

Then I can run which ionic and I get /usr/local/bin/ionic which looks good.

But if I run ionic start myApp tabs according to the documentation this should create a new ionic project. But instead it does absolutely nothing. No output on the command line, no project created. I press enter to execute the command and it immediately returns to another line on the command line as if I simply pressed enter with no command entered at all... This may not be clear, sorry.

I tried uninstalling ionic with sudo npm uninstall -g ionic which uninstalled it successfully, and then re-installed it. No change in behavior. Same is happening for the packages cordova and bower. Note: all of these I installed at the same time, and all of them are not working. No output, no errors, no nothing. Running them with sudo doesn't make a difference either.

I am running ubuntu 14.04.

Has anyone experienced this before?

Run

which node

and in my case it displayed /usr/sbin/node.
If it says command not found, skip to 3. Remove it by

sudo rm /usr/sbin/node

Run

which nodejs

in my case it displayed /usr/bin/nodejs.
Make a link

sudo ln -s /usr/bin/nodejs /usr/bin/node

OR

sudo ln -s /usr/bin/nodejs /usr/sbin/node

I think installing any application other than apt-get may have the same problem.Try to use

which ionic start MyApps tab
Orwhich ionic

Then

-command for importing templates here- start MyApps tab


How do you test the network speed between two boxes? I have a gigabit network set up in my house and a few Ubuntu based boxes. Out of complete curiosity I would like to check the speed between the two boxes. I am not having any problems with speed or anything, it really is just the geek in me that is curious. Plus maybe the results will let me know if there is room for improvement, or that I have something configured wrongly.

So how do you properly test the network speed between Ubuntu boxes?

I use iperf. It's a client server arrangement in that you run it in server mode at one end and connect to its from another computer on the other side of the network.

One both machines run:

sudo apt-get install iperf

We'll start an iperf server on one of the machines:

iperf -s

And then on the other computer, tell iperf to connect as a client:

iperf -c <address of other computer>

On the client machine, you'll see something like this:

oli@bert:~$ iperf -c tim
------------------------------------------------------------
Client connecting to tim, TCP port 5001
TCP window size: 16.0 KByte (default)
------------------------------------------------------------
[  3] local 192.168.0.4 port 37248 connected with 192.168.0.5 port 5001
[ ID] Interval       Transfer     Bandwidth
[  3]  0.0-10.0 sec  1.04 GBytes    893 Mbits/sec

Of course, if you're running a firewall on the server machine, you'll need to allow connections on port 5001 or change the port with the -p flag.

You can do pretty much the same thing with plain old nc (netcat) if you're that way inclined. On the server machine:

nc -vvlnp 12345 >/dev/null

And the client can pipe a gigabyte of zeros through dd over the nc tunnel.

dd if=/dev/zero bs=1M count=1K | nc -vvn 10.10.0.2 12345

As demod:

$ dd if=/dev/zero bs=1M count=1K | nc -vvn 10.10.0.2 12345
Connection to 10.10.0.2 12345 port [tcp/*] succeeded!
1024+0 records in
1024+0 records out
1073741824 bytes (1.1 GB) copied, 9.11995 s, 118 MB/s

The timing there is given by dd but it should be accurate enough as it can only output as fast the pipe will take it. If you're unhappy with that you could wrap the whole thing up in a time call.

Remember that the result is in megabytes so multiply it by 8 to get a megabits-per-second speed. The demo above is running at 944mbps.

It's easy plug your computer on the first box, plug the other box to the first box. Then from your computer ping the first box save the result, ping the other box and do the substraction.


Problem in connecting WiFi on A Dell Inspiron 1420 my Dell Inspiron running Ubuntu 12.04 LTS, cant detect WiFi Signals and even not showing wifi icon also. I have tried several methods after reading around 20-25 Forums and blogs, but still their is no solution :( How should i go about fixing it... Its my First Installtion/Interaction with Linux !! Please suggest me what to do...Thanks a lot for all your help guys...

Run:

sudo apt-get purge bcmwl-kernel-source broadcom-sta-common broadcom-sta-source
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install b43-fwcutter firmware-b43-installer


can't run executables ".x86" on ubuntu 14.04 I've tried everything, installed a some libs and it doesn't work.
I'm trying to run this http://www.gameoftheyear420blazeit.com/

Run this command to make the file executable:

chmod +x <path_to_file>/GAME\ OF\ THE\ YEAR\ 420BLAZEIT.x86

and if that does not work:

sudo chmod +x <path_to_file>/GAME\ OF\ THE\ YEAR\ 420BLAZEIT.x86

and run with this command:

<path_to_file>/GAME\ OF\ THE\ YEAR\ 420BLAZEIT.x86

or with this command:

cd <path_to_file>
./GAME\ OF\ THE\ YEAR\ 420BLAZEIT.x86

Did you read that webpage all the way to the bottom?  I quote:

  This game is a parody and work of fiction.

No, seriously.  I would seriously doubt if anything you downloaded will run in any way.  I suggest you try playing games available in the Ubuntu Software Center.  Those games are certified to work with ubuntu and are safe to play.


Direct file downloads based off file extension? Is it possible to make it that whenever I download a file, it is redirected to a certain folder based on its file extension?

Eg, *.jpg, *.gif, *.png, etc, that it downloads to my pictures folder, *.mov, *.mpeg, *.wmv, etc, to movies, etc.

EDIT

Possibly through google chrome extensions?

There is a solution in Firefox.

Automatic Save Folder add-on offers such feature that allows you to specify where each file you are downloading will be saved too. After installing this add-on, go to Tools and select Automatic Save Folder to configure the options.

Also, for Chrome, maybe is useful this post: Is there a Chrome extension similar to Automatic Save Folder for Firefox?

If you are meaning to use wget in this instance, it is possible to just add another parameter to the command.

wget example.com/file.png /home/foobar/png/

If you are meaning to use any  medium whatsoever such as a mixture of wget, a web browser, etc. Then no. It wouldn't be possible without a directory-monitoring program to sort it for you.


Ubuntu 12.04 Unity starts in 2D mode even when 3D is selected - ATI Radeon HD 4250 Legacy Driver 13.1 After installing the ATI Radeon legacy drivers (version 13.1) Unity no longer starts in 3D mode, where it did before. I can select "Ubuntu" during login, and indeed it is the default choice, but when I do login Unity loads 2D mode instead of 3D mode. I cannot get Unity to start in 3D at all, even after running unity --reset.

The output of lscpi | grep VGA is as follows:

01:05.0 VGA compatible controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] RS880M     [Mobility Radeon HD 4225/4250]

I tried some of the solutions in the post Damien mentioned below, including reverting back to open source drivers. No luck, as

/usr/lib/nux/unity_support_test -p

returns "Not software rendered" as "no". But unity 3d had always worked until just the other day. So how do I get it to software render?

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT in /etc/default/grub was set to "nomodeset". I changed it to "quiet splash", which is the default. Then I ran sudo update-grub and rebooted.


Distorted sound from headphone jack Ubuntu 14.04.1 LTS I am reaching out for a help to diagnose and to fix the problem I am having on my Ubuntu box.

The OS: Linux 3.16.0-51-generic #69~14.04.1-Ubuntu x86_64 GNU/Linux Desktop with default Unity Desktop environment.

Faulty hardware ruled out.
The sound out of the Headphones Jack worked with no issue before updating from Ubuntu 14.04 to Ubuntu 14.04.1 via apt-get dist-upgrade.

The Issue: When headphones are connected to a headphones jack, sounds comes out distorted, seems like in a mono (once channel) When that takes place, channel balance controls (L-R) are inaccessible in control panel.

All applications producing the sounds affected in the same way.

When headphones removed from a headphone jack, sounds returns to build-in internal speakers of the laptop with no issues (normal sounding stereo). HDMI connected external monitor/TV producing sounds just as expected with no issues.

This bug seems to be isolated just to headphone jack handling by OS.

If anyone knows the solution to resolve this FOR SURE, please share.

Thank you for your time.

I have a lenovo g700 and sometimes I had the same problem. I notice that this was happening when I was booting on windows 8  (dual boot). After that my sound was distorted, not every time. When I reboot again to Ubuntu it was working fine. Hope that help you also!

I had very similar problem.

I completely removed Skype and audio jacks, both input and output, started working normally

Apparently, the whole problem was my Skype installation.


How to stop using built-in home directory encryption? I have a new Ubuntu 10.04 installation with encrypted home directory (using the built-in encryption offered by Ubuntu installer).

What's the easiest way to stop using encryption? (I.e., to decrypt my home directory permanently.)

(It's giving me problems with kernel updates, and I'd just like to cut down on all the hassle I'm having with this installation.)

Googling around, I found this post:

  Not to bring up an old thread but in case anyone has errors trying to follow these instructions, here is what I did.

  Backup the home directory while you are logged in
  sudo cp -rp /home/user /home/user.backup

    1.1. Check that your home backup has everything!!!
    reboot into root via grub
    Delete your home directory rm -rf /home/user
    Remove the packages apt-get remove ecryptfs-utils libecryptfs0
    Restore your home directory mv /home/user.backup /home/user
    reboot
    Remove any of those .Private .ecryptfs folders rm -rf ~/.Private rm -rf ~/.ecryptfs
    Yay!

    This worked for me. Home folder file permissions stay intact and does not bugger up Dropbox or git repos. Some reason my fresh  install on Ubuntu 9.10 would not do the first command. Just make sure you think the process through when using rm -rf.
    Just wanted to post this not only for my record, but anyone else who encounters problems.

Some notes

reboot into root via grub was a bit unclear to me; I didn't reboot, just switched to using root (another user account with sudo privileges would work equally well).
Before removing the packages ecryptfs-utils and libecryptfs0 would work, I needed to remove /home/.ecryptfs/<myusername>. (It complained that ecryptfs-utils was in use.)

Other than that, this worked for me. It's far from simple though, so feel free to post better solutions!

Simple solution which worked for me:

You should have another user with sudo access

Reboot
On login screen press CTRL+ALT+F1
Login as the other user (with sudo access)
sudo rm -rf /home/youruser/.ecryptfs
sudo rm /home/youruser/.Private
sudo apt-get remove --purge ecryptfs-utils libecryptfs1
sudo reboot
Login as your user and enjoy your home dir without encryption ;)


Error on No Operating Systems Detected I'm trying to install Ubuntu 14.04 alongside with windows 8.1 .

I have four partitions on the disk. The fourth one is empty with space 71 GB. I'm hoping to install Ubuntu here.

But when I'm trying to install, I'm getting the error No operating systems found.

I tried using fixparts but it doesn't work. It shows the following error:

This disk appears to be a GPT disk. Use GNU Parted or GPT fdisk on it!
Exiting!

Please help me to fix this.

According to me u want to download ubuntu along side windows on the same disk on which u installed windows.

If you want to install ubuntu in separate disk then choose the last option (The Last option is "Something else")

After choosing this you should choose the Drive in which you want to install the ubuntu and make three parts of that

1.First alot memory of about 15-20gb(My personal recommendation you can choose less also but it should not be less than 10 gb.Mount it as /

2.Now give this about 10 gb of space and mount it as Swap area.

3.Give the left over memory to second partition and mount it as /home .

After this just simply install ubuntu.

After installing ubuntu you will notice that after rebooting it u will either be directed to Ubuntu or windows (You will not be asked your choice).

If you boot into ubuntu directly then just run a command in Terminal

sudo update-grub

If you directly boot into windows then use BOOTREPAIR.After running this your problem will be solved.

BootRepair can also be used if you directly boot into Ubuntu


Updating ubuntu 18.04 broke ingame fonts (terraria) Today I did apt-get update and apt-get upgrade on my Ubuntu 18.04 and it broke Terraria.
Let me give some more of the backstory - Some time ago I installed a fresh install of ubuntu 20.04 and everything seemed to be fine untill I tried to play some games. Both Terraria and Don't Starve were broken. Being hotheaded I decided to switch to PopOS but it was the same problem.
After that, I switched to Ubuntu 18.04 and everything worked perfectly. Untill today.
After doing update and upgrade my game is broken again.
The console said the following things are going to be upgraded:
libldap-2.4-2 libldap-common xserver-xorg-core-hwe-18.04
xserver-xorg-legacy-hwe-18.04
The small (as in on screen size) ingame fonts are completely broken. How do I fix this?
Attached are screenshots of the problems
https://imgur.com/a/VSqqfor
Thanks for the help!

What I did to fix this issue was run steam in the beta version
steam > Settings > Account > beta participation
then allow steam play for all titles
Steam > Settings > Steam play > Advanced > Enable steam play for all other titles
Then restart and it should work !


OpenGL apps (Games) disappear after leaving fullscreen I've been trying to play some linux supported games on ubuntu 12.04 using steam (mostly Dota 2) and I've been having the same problem every time with every game.
As soon as I alt-tab out of fullscreen mode the game just vanishes.
Its still running in the background, it still shows up on the system monitor but I have no way of accessing the game again.
It doesn't show on the task bar, doesn't show on Alt-Tabs... just weird.

Granted, I am a complete linux noob (as in I google absolutely everything I do) so I might be missing something incredibly obvious here... o.O

Go to the steam and reclick the steam icon again this should make you select things that runs on steam well atleast it is for me


How do I enable the "Universe" repository? How do I get to the Universe Repository in supported versions of Ubuntu?

If you want in one command and not use Software source ticking then in terminal put:

sudo add-apt-repository universe

On older versions of Ubuntu, you might have to use a full source line:

sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu $(lsb_release -sc) universe"

To enable all Ubuntu software (main universe restricted multiverse) repositories use

sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu $(lsb_release -sc) main universe restricted multiverse"

you can add also partner repository with different link (see difference is ubuntu to canonical)

sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu $(lsb_release -sc) partner"

Then update the package list:

sudo apt-get update

p.s.

$(lsb_release -sc) checks your Ubuntu version and puts its name in the source link. Since 12.04 is called precise, you can test in a terminal that lsb_release -sc gives precise. That adds the precise name of your Ubuntu release in Software sources. Wrong word and nothing will work.

For all differences in repositories read https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Repositories/Ubuntu

Open dash and type Software sources

then open software sources and click on the the universe repository .

Close and reload cache


Whats the .local folder for in my Home Directory What is the ~/.local folder good for and is it safe to remove the content within this folder?

This is a recent innovation, followed by Gnome and thus by Ubuntu, to store user-specific data in fixed directories. According to this document, there is

a single directory where user data is stored, defaulting to ~/.local/share;
a single directory where configuration is stored, defaulting to ~/.config;
a single directory which holds non-essential data files, defaulting to ~/.cache.

Historically, Unix programs were free to spread their data all over the $HOME directory, putting their data in dot-files (files starting with ".") or subdirectories such as ~/.vimrc and ~/.vim. The new specification is intended to make this behavior more predictable. I suspect this makes backups of application data easier, in addition to giving your home directory a tidier appearance. Not all applications adhere to this standard yet.

In the .local hierarchy, programs put user information such as emails and calendar events. You could manually remove this data, but then the program would lose its state; unless this is what you intend (e.g. when there is a problem with your configuration), you shouldn't remove or change files in that directory. With .cache you can be more careless as the program should be able to recover - redownload or recompute - all the files if you remove them.

The .local/ directory is used by some software to keep your preferences (as pointed by @loevborg). This directory is part of the effort to standardize the mess that is the $HOME user. But unfortunately many software has not yet joined this effort, even some gnome software still are spreading your preferences in others directory (see .gnome2, .gconf, .evolution, etc).

It is not safe to remove the directory. Some apps store important information/config files inside this directory.


Cron Script to run every 5 minutes How would you use a cron deamon to execute a scheduled command such as gathering memory usage and adding that information to a file called /tmp/memory.usage, but only runs on Monday through Thursday every five minutes?  I need to show the date and time before each new entry within the file.  Please assist.
Thank you in advance for any suggestions and help!

crontab -e
add at the end */5 * * * 1-4 /path/to/script &
save and exit
the script is

#!/bin/bash
echo "$(date)" >> /tmp/memory.usage
echo "$(free)" >> /tmp/memory.usage
echo ""

see man 5 crontab  for details. Or, an all-in-one cron line:

*/5 * * * 1-4 (echo $(date) && echo $(free) && echo "") >> /tmp/memory.usage

*/5 * * * * /path/to/script

Make the script executable before that. And make it accessible only for root if the script need elevated privileges.

You can follow the link for more examples
Here


I cant connect to the wireless internet on Uuntu 13.04 im a new ubuntu user and i just installed ubuntu 13.04 to run alongside windows. I can only get a connection through an ethernet cable and I dont know how to connect to the internet online. my wifi cart is a realtek wireless lan for windows but im not sure what it is for ubuntu. is there a driver i can download for it to work?

Annon

ubuntu supports all wireless drivers so restart your device from windows ( not shutdown) and boot to ubuntu and check the wireless is working if not install the driver from this site http://wireless.kernel.org/en/users/Drivers


How can I get apt to use a mirror close to me, or choose a faster mirror? Downloading from the main Ubuntu archive is slow even when it's not release day, how can I get apt-get to automatically use a mirror that is close to me?

apt-get now supports a 'mirror' method that will automatically select a good mirror based on your location. Putting:

deb mirror://mirrors.ubuntu.com/mirrors.txt precise main restricted universe multiverse
deb mirror://mirrors.ubuntu.com/mirrors.txt precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb mirror://mirrors.ubuntu.com/mirrors.txt precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb mirror://mirrors.ubuntu.com/mirrors.txt precise-security main restricted universe multiverse

on the top in your /etc/apt/sources.list file should be all that is needed to make it automatically pick a mirror for you based on your geographical location.

Lucid (10.04), Maverick (10.10), Natty (11.04), And Oneiric (11.10) users can replace precise with the appropriate name.

My Python script apt-smart that finds mirrors automaticly within your country, benchmarks and ranks them by status and speed, finally changes sources.list if you want to.

The differences between apt-smart and other answer mentioned apt-select are:

apt-smart automaticly finds where you are so you don't need to specify the country when you travel abroad.
apt-smart does real HTTP download from each mirror to get more accurate results ( bandwidth & status ) and supports HTTP proxy, whereas apt-select only uses ping and relies on launchpad 's inaccurate data.
apt-smart is being maintained, whereas apt-select leaves isusues unfix for almost 3 years.

You can easily install apt-smart via pip, for detailed copy'n'paste install commands please see Project Readme.

A usage example that lets you list ranked mirrors within your country:

$ apt-smart -l

With -l, or --list-mirrors, you will get ( example output from Travis CI U.S. server ):

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Rank | Mirror URL                            | Available? | Updating? | Last updated    | Bandwidth   |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|    1 | http://mirrors.gigenet.com/ubuntua... | Yes        | No        | Up to date      | 1.73 MB/s   |
|    2 | http://mirror.genesisadaptive.com/... | Yes        | No        | Up to date      | 1.68 MB/s   |
|    3 | http://ubuntu.mirrors.tds.net/pub/... | Yes        | No        | Up to date      | 1.4 MB/s    |
|    4 | http://repos.forethought.net/ubuntu   | Yes        | No        | Up to date      | 1.35 MB/s   |
|    5 | http://repo.miserver.it.umich.edu/... | Yes        | No        | Up to date      | 937.62 KB/s |
...
|   75 | http://mirror.cc.vt.edu/pub2/ubuntu   | Yes        | No        | 1 day behind    | 659.67 KB/s |
|   76 | http://mirror.atlantic.net/ubuntu     | Yes        | No        | 2 days behind   | 351.26 KB/s |
|   77 | http://mirror.lstn.net/ubuntu         | Yes        | No        | 4 days behind   | 806.81 KB/s |
|   78 | http://mirrors.usinternet.com/ubun... | Yes        | No        | 4 weeks behind  | 514.31 KB/s |
|   79 | http://mirrors.arpnetworks.com/Ubuntu | Yes        | No        | 19 weeks behind | 418.94 KB/s |
|   80 | http://mirrors.ocf.berkeley.edu/ub... | Yes        | Yes       | Up to date      | 446.07 KB/s |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Full URLs which are too long to be shown in above table:
1: http://mirrors.gigenet.com/ubuntuarchive
2: http://mirror.genesisadaptive.com/ubuntu
3: http://ubuntu.mirrors.tds.net/pub/ubuntu
5: http://repo.miserver.it.umich.edu/ubuntu
...
78: http://mirrors.usinternet.com/ubuntu/archive
80: http://mirrors.ocf.berkeley.edu/ubuntu


Headphone jack not working? I have a Dell Studio XPS 1647 and headphones do not work (though , internal speakers work like a charm) , I have dual boot Windows 7 and headphones work perfectly fine ...

I also tried -adding in options snd-hda-intel model=eapd probe_mask=1 position_fix=1.

I've experienced this with Oneric Ocelot and the latest Precise Pangolin (LTS).

I've tried all these responses. Here is the ONLY way that worked for me (and it was remarkably quick... after spending hours on all the other suggestions!). Go into Terminal, and simply key this in:

$ alsactl restore

And that's that! :)

None of the previous answers posted fixed my issue on Ubuntu 18.04 LTS nor on 16.04 LTS. My computer uses a Clevo motherboard and luckily a developer known as Unrud created an easy fix called "init-headphone", which for the Ubuntu distro it is called "init-headphone-ubuntu". Basically, you just install the ".deb" package for Ubuntu and that's it, with no restart required (at least this was true for me).

To be clear, at this time, Unrud did not specifically create an 18.04 package, so I used Unrud's 16.04 (Xenial) package on 18.04 and it worked like a charm!


How to get a 'non-Screenlet' calculator in Compiz widget layer? I've currently set up the screenlet calculator but do not want to use it, as
1) Screenlets are no longer in development, most do not work, and I intend to slowly migrate away from them.
2) The existing Screenlet calculator looks very similar to the one in OSX, and IMHO it's not appealing.

I prefer either galculator or gcaltool. Is there anyway to get these in the widget layer?
I'm open to other options as well, but basically I'm looking for a 'non-screenlet' calculator to come up in the Compiz Widget Layer.

Thanks.

Software Specs: Ubuntu 12.04 with Xubuntu desktop. Xfce upgraded to 4.10, and using Compiz.

Just figured it out. But well worth it as it CAN BE APPLIED TO MAKE ANY PROGRAM WINDOW A WIDGET!!

1) Finding Calculator Window Class: a) Load the calculator program. b) Then load a terminal window. c) To get the class of the calculator window, in terminal run
xprop WM_CLASS | cut -d\" -f4

Your mouse will now look like a cross-hair. d) Now click on the open calculator program you want to use in the widgets layer. The output class is displayed in terminal. e) Note it down. In my case its 'galculator'.

2) Setting up Calculator in Compiz Widget Layer: Go to Menu\Settings\Compiz Config Manager\Desktop\Widget Layer\ a) Enable the 'Widget Layer' Plugin. b) Within the Widget Layer Plugin section, go to Behaviour\Widget Windows\ and enter
(class=Galculator)
If you require multiple widgets, then enter
(class=Galculator) | (class=Screenlet)

| is 'or' and in my case I'm allowing both Galculator + Screenlets on the widget layer.  NOTE: Brackets are essential, even for single class entries. Does not work if they are missing.

You're basically done! But if your looking for the complete deal...continue...
3) Remove Calculator Window Decorations: Go to Menu\Settings\Compiz Config Manager\Window Management\Window Rules a) Enable the 'Window Rules' Plugin. You will be prompted to enable Regex Matching (if not already enabled) and enable that also. b) Then within the Windows Rules section, go to Matches and enter/copy+paste (class=Galculator) under EACH of the following headings:

Skip Taskbar
Skip Pager
Above
Sticky
Non-resizable windows
Non-minimizable windows
Non-maximizable windows
Non-closable windows
No focus

Now it looks like a true widget.

5) Autostart Calculator to load in Compiz Widget Layer: In Menu\Settings\Settings Manager\System\Session & Startup\Application Autostart\ a) Click the 'add' button with the green cross. b) Enter name, description, and command for the calculator launcher and click 'Ok'. In my case its, Name: Galculator Description: Start Galculator Widget Command: galculator. c) Make sure its ticked in the 'Application Autostart' list.

6) Logout & Login Voila!

The most similar thing I've found is having a calculator in the unity dash.
You can install unity-lens-utilities:

sudo apt-get install unity-lens-utilities

Then when you open the dash and type an operation, it gives you the result as a preview. Also the preview is linked to the actual calculator so if you need to do more complex operations you can just click on it.

Good luck!


Why is Wine not installable on my system? I upgraded on a fresh install to Ubuntu 12.10, and I've tried installing wine many times, but I always get this:

This error could be caused by required additional software packages which are missing or not installable.
Furthermore there could be a conflict between software packages which are not allowed to be installed at the same time.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:

wine:

It won't let me install the dependencies either it says it needs another set of dependencies to install them. Using Asus KJ50 64bit OS, dual boot with Windows 7

sudo apt-get install wine1.5
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 wine1.5 : Depends: wine1.5-i386 (= 1.5.15-0ubuntu1) but it is not installable
           Recommends: gnome-exe-thumbnailer but it is not going to be installed or
                       kde-runtime but it is not going to be installed
           Recommends: ttf-droid
           Recommends: ttf-mscorefonts-installer but it is not going to be installed
           Recommends: ttf-umefont but it is not going to be installed
           Recommends: ttf-unfonts-core but it is not going to be installed
           Recommends: winbind but it is not going to be installed
           Recommends: winetricks but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

I've been having the same issue, it turns out that with newer versions of apt and dpkg they support a feature called "Multi-arch". In simple terms, you can specify that apt pulls package info from repositories for architectures other than the native install, and install multiarch compatible packages from those repos.
For more detailed information, see:
http://wiki.debian.org/Multiarch/HOWTO

Your issue specifically, is that the wine1.5-i386 is in the 32 bit wine repository, but not in the 64 bit repo, and your dpkg/apt are not configured to deal with this for some reason. To resolve:

Check your native architecture with:

sudo dpkg --print-architecture #in your case this should return 'amd64'

Other available architectures can be shown by:

sudo dpkg --print-foreign-architectures #in your case this should not return anything

So you need to configure a new foreign architecture (quantal/12.10 or newer***):

sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386

Check your new arch is now available, update and install your package with apt:

sudo dpkg --print-foreign-architectures #now this should return 'i386'
sudo apt-get update; sudo apt-get install wine1.5 #and away you go!

=======

***Note that the Ubuntu dpkg in natty (1.16.0~ubuntu7 (reports 1.15.8.10)), oneiric and precise (1.16.1.2ubuntu7) uses a different syntax:*

echo "foreign-architecture i386" > /etc/dpkg.cfg.d/architectures

First I recommanded to remove wine with configuration files

sudo apt-get  --purge wine*

Update system and upgrade packages, Fix dependency

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get install -f

Remove Unnecessary packages if any

sudo apt-get autoremove

Now Install wine

sudo apt-get install wine1.4

Clen cache

sudo apt-get clean


Can't find Ubuntu Bash Root directory in Windows 10 I have installed Ubuntu Bash for Windows 10 on my PC, but I cannot find my root directory in which the bash works in. I know that it should be located in

C:/Users/[Username]/Appdata/Local/Lxss

but it's not there. I have verified that my files exist but the directory does not show, even with hidden files shown. Any help would be much appreciated!

Please DO NOT access the Linux filesystem from Windows: Read this for more info: https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/commandline/2016/11/17/do-not-change-linux-files-using-windows-apps-and-tools/

We are working on improving filesystem interop in future releases, but for now, if you want to share files between Windows & Linux, store the shared files in the Windows filesystem, and access them from Linux via /mnt/c/...

This happened to me, because I removed bash and reinstalled it from Windows store.

The work around I used was to create a shortcut of

C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\lxss

and pasted it into

C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\

Now my applications on Windows (such as Atom) can access project files made from Ubuntu bash.


Ubuntu 18.10 Xorg Server Error Logout I recently built a new PC and installed Ubuntu 18.10. I am having issues with being logged out and returning to the login after opening certain Applications (Settings, Handbrake etc).

Logging in via startx and attempting to open these applications results in a similar logout with the following Xorg Error Stack Trace:

[    12.456] (EE) 0: /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg (OsLookupColor+0x139) [0x55eeaa7b4229]
[    12.456] (EE) 1: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread.so.0 (funlockfile+0x50) [0x7f54784ace1f]
[    12.456] (EE) 2: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (gsignal+0xc7) [0x7f54782ef077]
[    12.456] (EE) 3: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (abort+0x121) [0x7f54782d0535]
[    12.456] (EE) unw_get_proc_name failed: no unwind info found [-10]
[    12.456] (EE) 4: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (?+0x0) [0x7f54782d0400]
[    12.457] (EE) 5: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (__assert_fail+0x42) [0x7f54782e0142]
[    12.457] (EE) 6: /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg (DRIMoveBuffersHelper+0xc43) [0x55eeaa77f933]
[    12.457] (EE) 7: /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg (DRI2Authenticate+0xa2) [0x55eeaa780f42]
[    12.457] (EE) 8: /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg (DRI2GetParam+0x75b) [0x55eeaa7820cb]
[    12.457] (EE) 9: /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg (SendErrorToClient+0x35e) [0x55eeaa65597e]
[    12.457] (EE) 10: /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg (InitFonts+0x3b6) [0x55eeaa659906]
[    12.457] (EE) 11: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (__libc_start_main+0xeb) [0x7f54782d209b]
[    12.457] (EE) 12: /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg (_start+0x2a) [0x55eeaa64367a]
[    12.457] (EE)
[    12.457] (EE)
Fatal server error:
[    12.457] (EE) Caught signal 6 (Aborted). Server aborting
[    12.457] (EE)
[    12.457] (EE)

it appears modifying the .Xauthority permissions from -rw------- to -rwxrwxrwx prevents the logouts from occurring temporarily. After being logged out,.Xauthority permissions are reset to -rw-------

Computer specs

Intel 9900k - Using Oboard Graphics
Asus Z390 Mobo
Samsung Pro 970
Corsair Vengeance DDR4

Any advice would be greatly appreciated

Just experienced the same problem with the 9900k and ubuntu 18.10.

Using the mesa packages available from the ppa
ppa:oibaf/graphics-drivers
fixed it for me:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:oibaf/graphics-drivers
sudo apt dist-upgrade

and reboot or restart Xorg.

I got the correct drivers for RTX2070 in Ubuntu 18.04 using

sudo ubuntu-drivers autoinstall

Reference: https://linuxconfig.org/how-to-install-the-nvidia-drivers-on-ubuntu-18-04-bionic-beaver-linux


Is it possible to enlarge Ubuntu desktop somehow Is it possible to enlarge Ubuntu Desktop in a way that screen resolution was more than real resolution of display.
I mean for example if I have monitor 1024x768, but I want to set resolution wider and taller: 1200x800 (as example).
That would be great if this screen look and act like Compiz Enhanced Zoom Desktop. I mean when you move cursor to the corner-you can see what is in this corner.

Maybe someone know such application or settings, cause i'm not satisfied about my display resolution and can't add another display..

What you want is called panning viewport. X has supported this for many years, it was awesome with low resolution monitors and it works exactly as you described.

I haven't tried it with recent version of Ubuntu, so I'll better point you to the official documentation.

It's done with xrandr --panning, but be sure to read everything before experimenting with your resolutions.

my understanding was that the max resolution was the same as the physical amount pf pixels on the display, so the reason why you cant get a higher res is because everything would be downscaled and certain pixels would be skipped, eg you could just have a like through an icon chopped out because it simply doesnt have enough pixels.

its also a measurement of how far your Graphics card can really push itself, i know that mac displays can go so high because they have a very high PPI (pixels per inch)

sorry if the answer is wrong, if you do manage to do it please comment on this as i would love to do it myself as i have tried and failed haha


How to install wine in Ubuntu 19.10? Recently shifted to Ubuntu from Windows .First time user.

I tried a couple of methods to install wine as mentioned in the forums .

sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386
wget -qO - https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/winehq.key | sudo apt-key add -
sudo apt-add-repository 'deb https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/ubuntu/ disco main'
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt install --install-recommends winehq-stable

gives the following error  :

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
E: Unable to locate package winehq-stable

Can anyone help please ?

You are using Ubuntu 19.10 which is codenamed eoan, not disco, so it should be changed from disco to eoan in the third command too. winehq-stable is not available in 19.10, so instead of winehq-stable install winehq-staging which is the most recent testing wine version. Open the terminal and type:

sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386
wget -nc https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/winehq.key
sudo apt-key add winehq.key
sudo apt-add-repository 'deb https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/ubuntu/ eoan main'
sudo apt update
sudo apt install --install-recommends winehq-staging

If apt complains about missing dependencies, install them, then repeat the last two steps (update and install).

Wrong package name. Try just 'wine' or 'wine1.6' or 'wine1.8'.

Installing WineHQ packages for  Ubuntu 19.10

If your system is 64 bit, enable 32 bit architecture (if you haven't already):

sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386

Download and add the repository key:

wget -nc https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/winehq.key
sudo apt-key add winehq.key

Add the repository:

Ubuntu 19.10

sudo apt-add-repository 'deb https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/ubuntu/ **eoan** main'

Update packages:

sudo apt update

Then install the packages:

Stable branch

sudo apt install --install-recommends winehq-stable

if Wrong package name. Try just 'wine' or 'wine4.5' or 'wine4'

sudo apt install --install-recommends wine-stable


Apt-get fails on 16.04 or 18.04 installing mongodb When I attempt to install mongodb using the instructions on https://docs.mongodb.com/getting-started/shell/tutorial/install-mongodb-on-ubuntu/ on 16.04 I get the following result on the install step:

jonathan@poseidon:~$ sudo apt-get install mongodb-org
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Package mongodb-org is not available, but is referred to by another package.
This may mean that the package is missing, has been obsoleted, or
is only available from another source

E: Package 'mongodb-org' has no installation candidate

I checked the HTTP traffic with Wireshark and found that the only traffic was a HTTP GET for the list and a HTTP 304 response which suggests that the problem lies in my local configuration files. My sources.list.d file contains the following entry:

mongodb-org-3.4.list

What do I need to do to continue to troubleshoot this problem?

EDIT:
I tried to do this again on a new install of 16.04 under VirtualBox. I retrieved the key, created the list file, and did sudo apt update with the following results:

jonathan@Ubuntu-16:~$ sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv 0C49F3730359A14518585931BC711F9BA15703C6
[sudo] password for jonathan:
Executing: /tmp/tmp.uWYpRUWfjK/gpg.1.sh --keyserver
hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80
--recv
0C49F3730359A14518585931BC711F9BA15703C6
gpg: requesting key A15703C6 from hkp server keyserver.ubuntu.com
gpg: key A15703C6: public key "MongoDB 3.4 Release Signing Key <packaging@mongodb.com>" imported
gpg: Total number processed: 1
gpg:               imported: 1  (RSA: 1)
jonathan@Ubuntu-16:~$ echo "deb http://repo.mongodb.org/apt/ubuntu xenial/mongodb-org/3.2 multiverse" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org-3.4.list
deb http://repo.mongodb.org/apt/ubuntu xenial/mongodb-org/3.2 multiverse
jonathan@Ubuntu-16:~$ sudo apt update
Ign:1 http://repo.mongodb.org/apt/ubuntu xenial/mongodb-org/3.2 InRelease
Get:2 http://repo.mongodb.org/apt/ubuntu xenial/mongodb-org/3.2 Release [3 462 B]
Hit:3 http://mx.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial InRelease
Get:4 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security InRelease [94.5 kB]
Get:5 http://repo.mongodb.org/apt/ubuntu xenial/mongodb-org/3.2 Release.gpg [801 B]
Get:6 http://mx.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates InRelease [95.7 kB]
Ign:5 http://repo.mongodb.org/apt/ubuntu xenial/mongodb-org/3.2 Release.gpg
Get:7 http://mx.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports InRelease [92.2 kB]
Reading package lists... Done
W: GPG error: http://repo.mongodb.org/apt/ubuntu xenial/mongodb-org/3.2 Release: The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY D68FA50FEA312927
E: The repository 'http://repo.mongodb.org/apt/ubuntu xenial/mongodb-org/3.2 Release' is not signed.
N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.
jonathan@Ubuntu-16:~$

As you can see, the key retrieved was for Mongodb 3.4, not Mongodb 3.2 and this explains the GPG failure in apt update. Any one know where to get the correct key?

Ubuntu 16.04 and MongoDB 4.0
First, remove any existing repository file for MongoDB.
sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb*.list

Next, add the key:  (without the key, the repository will not load)
sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv E52529D4

Now, create a new MongoDB repository list file:
sudo bash -c 'echo "deb http://repo.mongodb.org/apt/ubuntu xenial/mongodb-org/4.0 multiverse" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org-4.0.list'

Complete the installation with update of repositories then install:
sudo apt update
sudo apt install mongodb-org

Enable the mongod service and start it up:
systemctl enable mongod.service
systemctl start mongod.service

Check your mongodb version:
~$ mongo --version
MongoDB shell version v4.0.5
git version: 3739429dd92b92d1b0ab120911a23d50bf03c412
OpenSSL version: OpenSSL 1.0.2g  1 Mar 2016
allocator: tcmalloc
modules: none
build environment:
    distmod: ubuntu1604
    distarch: x86_64
    target_arch: x86_64

Check if the service is running:
~$ systemctl status mongod.service
● mongod.service - MongoDB Database Server
   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/mongod.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Mon 2019-01-21 00:33:51 MST; 7s ago
     Docs: https://docs.mongodb.org/manual
 Main PID: 2906 (mongod)
   CGroup: /system.slice/mongod.service
           └─2906 /usr/bin/mongod --config /etc/mongod.conf

Ubuntu 18.04 and MongoDB 4.2
First, remove MongoDB from previous if installed:
sudo apt remove --autoremove mongodb-org

Remove any mongodb repo list files:
sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb*.list
sudo apt update

Now, add the new key:
sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv 4B7C549A058F8B6B

Add the new repository:
echo "deb [arch=amd64] http://repo.mongodb.org/apt/ubuntu bionic/mongodb-org/4.2 multiverse" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org-4.2.list

Install MongoDB
sudo apt update
sudo apt install mongodb-org

Enable and start the mongod server service:
systemctl enable mongod.service
systemctl start mongod.service

Check your installation:
~$ mongo --version
MongoDB shell version v4.2.2
git version: a0bbbff6ada159e19298d37946ac8dc4b497eadf
OpenSSL version: OpenSSL 1.1.1  11 Sep 2018
allocator: tcmalloc
modules: none
build environment:
    distmod: ubuntu1804
    distarch: x86_64
    target_arch: x86_64

You can also check your service has started:
~$ systemctl status mongod.service
● mongod.service - MongoDB Database Server
   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/mongod.service; enabled; vendor preset: e
   Active: active (running) since Mon 2019-12-30 08:05:48 MST; 1min 7s ago
     Docs: https://docs.mongodb.org/manual
 Main PID: 7941 (mongod)
   CGroup: /system.slice/mongod.service
           └─7941 /usr/bin/mongod --config /etc/mongod.conf

Ubuntu 20.04 and MongoDB 4.4
First, remove MongoDB from previous if installed:
sudo apt remove --autoremove mongodb-org

Remove any mongodb repo list files:
sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb*.list
sudo apt update

Now, add the new key:
sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv 656408E390CFB1F5

Add the new repository:
echo "deb [arch=amd64] http://repo.mongodb.org/apt/ubuntu $(lsb_release -sc)/mongodb-org/4.4 multiverse" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org.list

Install MongoDB
sudo apt update
sudo apt install mongodb-org

Enable and start the mongod server service:
systemctl enable mongod.service
systemctl start mongod.service

Check your installation:
~$ mongo --version
MongoDB shell version v4.4.3
Build Info: {
    "version": "4.4.3",
    "gitVersion": "913d6b62acfbb344dde1b116f4161360acd8fd13",
    "openSSLVersion": "OpenSSL 1.1.1f  31 Mar 2020",
    "modules": [],
    "allocator": "tcmalloc",
    "environment": {
        "distmod": "ubuntu2004",
        "distarch": "x86_64",
        "target_arch": "x86_64"
    }
}

You can also check your service has started:
~$ systemctl status mongod.service
● mongod.service - MongoDB Database Server
     Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/mongod.service; enabled; vendor preset>
     Active: active (running) since Sun 2021-01-24 07:52:50 MST; 27s ago
       Docs: https://docs.mongodb.org/manual
   Main PID: 2353629 (mongod)
     Memory: 59.2M
     CGroup: /system.slice/mongod.service
             └─2353629 /usr/bin/mongod --config /etc/mongod.conf

Jan 24 07:52:50 terrance-ubuntu systemd[1]: Started MongoDB Database Server.

Hope this helps!

I was struggling today to install mongodb 4.2 in Ubuntu 20.04.1 LTS (Focal Fossa). I am a new user and its took me time to figure it out. Answer written by @Terrance helped me to solve my problem. I followed the below steps to install it in my system:
sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb*.list
sudo apt update
sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv 4B7C549A058F8B6B
echo "deb [arch=amd64] http://repo.mongodb.org/apt/ubuntu bionic/mongodb-org/4.2 multiverse" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org-4.2.list
sudo apt update
sudo apt install mongodb-org

Hope this will help others. Thank you.