Ubuntu inside/alongside windows 7 not taking my deleted partition(After selecting install ubuntu inside windows, my system restarts back) My computer model is
Dell studio 1555, with 4GB Ram and Intel core 2 DUO processor(500 GB HDD).
Previously(probably 2012/13), the system was successfully installing any versions properly alongside WINDOWS 7. Unfortunately, I lost those DVDs. Now I have downloaded Ubuntu(12.04.2, 12.04.5[both/32 and 64 bit], 14.10[64 bit]) neither of them, getting installed(I deleted a drive of 80 GB approx. like I previously used to install Ubuntu). Instead, whenever I try to install, it goes well up to the page where "Install inside windows 7..." appears. After that I click to continue installing. But surprisingly, DVD gets ejected.

And more surprisingly, earlier when I installed it, i got an option -
"Install Alongside Windows 7"
But now a days, it says -
"Install Inside Windows 7"

Now a days, i am using External DVD drive(Installs Windows 7 properly).

And I tried to install thorough WUBI command prompt too. But some error messages generated. Dear friends, please help me to tackle this.

You need to install Windows prior to installing Ubuntu.  Windows uses MBR (Master Boot Record), and Linux uses Grub as the OS loader.  Linux is flexible, and will install with Windows alongside it, but if you try to install Windows after having installed Ubuntu, you're out of luck.  Well, not entirely, but there's a lot of mucking around to do.

Just make sure you have enough space.  I wouldn't recommend installing Windows 7 on any partition less than 100GB, from my experience.  Because, you want to allow for updates, and whatever software you use, such as games and other stuff.  I've installed Win7 on 80GB partitions, and after installing a couple of games, I started running out of space.  You don't want to get too close to your partition's end, because that's when you start to experience lag on your OS.  Although Win7 does a better job than FAT32 at keeping your filesystem neat and defragged, you'll still run into trouble when trying to find swap space.  So do yourself a favor ... Take any backups that you can, and start over.  If you can afford to, get another hard drive.

Once you've backed up, boot from your Windows DVD.  Format the hard drive, and create one partition for Windows, and the rest of the drive, leave it blank.  This way, when you decide to install Ubuntu, it too can create it's own partition.  I'd recommend at least 80GB for Ubuntu ... but take that figure with a grain of salt.  I use a bunch of stuff, so I need the space.  Realistically, you can run Ubuntu with 8GB and be OK, but that's keeping all your other software elsewhere.  Perhaps a NAS or Samba share.

If you need further detail on how to do this, follow this link.

Best of luck!  Just remember, the figures I gave above are to be taken with caution.  If you know you don't need that much, then go ahead and by all means make them smaller.  If you need to keep those larger, feel free to make them larger, as I don't know how you'll use your's.  I like to estimate and allow for expansion, but if you know how much space your final set-up will take up, then use your discretion.


Tool to add shapes, annotations and text using templates to images Often I need to annotate (draw some arrows, lines, basic shapes like squares, ellipses etc and enter some text) on top of pictures (JPG, PNG images) and screenshots (again png images). I would also need to be able to crop, resize etc.

I tried the Gimp but I could only enter text and perform all image transformations but couldn't find a way to draw boxes etc.

I finally settled to Openoffice.org draw, but I know that isn't what I want, because in oodraw I need to insert my pic into a drawing and resize it (or the drawing) to fit and then go about making changes and finally export to png...

Is there any image editor that allows adding shapes and text to jpg & png files and save the modified file in its place? If the tool can also have template collections (like dia does) for shapes that is an added bonus.

Warning: broken. Shutter is severely broken in Ubuntu 18.04 and not available in later versions.

Shutter (which you can install from the Ubuntu Software Centre or sudo apt-get install shutter) is a tool which has a variety of options for taking and annotating screenshots. (Note: You can annotate any images of your choice, not just screenshots.)

You can take a look here, u'll find a lot of funny chrome extensions:

https://chrome.google.com/webstore/search-extensions/screenshot?hl=en-US

And this articile talks about some others:

http://www.hongkiat.com/blog/top-web-annotation-and-markup-tools/


Is ASUS Xonar U7 supported? I plan to buy ASUS Xonar U7 USB sound card but don't see drivers for Linux in the ASUS site. I don't see it in the ALSA supported cards page either (http://www.alsa-project.org/main/index.php/Matrix:Vendor-Asus). Does anyone know whether its supported in Linux?

I tried the Xonar U7 on Mint 16 (based on Ubuntu 13.10) and it works fine (I haven't tried multi-channel though). Absolutely no noise, the sound is perfect with alsa  k3.11.0-12-generic, alsamixer v1.0.27.1 and pulseaudio 4.0.

On 29th January the alsa-wiki page provided in the first post was updated, and now the Xonar U7 is supported. With the alsamixer is also possible to change the gain setting.

To fix the broken pipe error, add options snd-usb-audio ignore_ctl_error=1 at the end of alsa-base.conf:

sudo gedit /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf

add options snd-usb-audio ignore_ctl_error=1, save and close.

alsa force-reload

then

alsamixer

press F6 and select "Xonar U7", now you can change the "Speaker Front" value to increase/decrease the headphone output gain.

I have one, it works, but it's not something you should look forward to. Very loud, very noisy. It works out of the box though, but yeah, if you're looking for better quality sound, I would say get something that's not ubuntu or become software developer to make your own drivers.


Cannot write to Folder mounted with SSHFS I just created a folder according to SSHFS (Ubuntu Docs)

sudo apt-get install sshfs
sudo gpasswd -a jm fuse
sshfs -o idmap=user jm@example.com:/path/to/folder folder

Then I found that the folder is mounted, but I cannot write to it. The permissions seems fine

http://pastie.org/1969299

But I even tried with

chmod -R 777 ./folder

Still no go

UPDATE: It seems I can't write using NetBeans only. But it works with LeafPad for example

Your update indicates that only certain applications are having trouble writing to the sshfs mount. You might have to enable one or more of the "workarounds" listed in the sshfs man page. I would start with the "truncate" and "rename" workarounds:

sshfs -o idmap=user -o workaround=truncate:rename jm@example.com:/path/to/folder folder

You need to install FUSE and add yourself to the group.

sudo apt-get install fuse-utils
sudo modprobe fuse
sudo gpasswd -a $USER fuse

Restart your machine and attempt to mount the drive again.

I would recommend that you add a rule to your /etc/fstab file, much like this:

sshfs#user@host.com:/ /mnt/local-dir/ fuse comment=sshfs,noauto,users,exec,uid=1000,gid=1000,allow_other,reconnect,transform_symlinks,BatchMode=yes,IdentityFile=/home/user/.ssh/id_rsa-blahblah 0 0

Then you can run mount /mnt/local-dir to mount the remote filesystem.

If you are unfamiliar with public-key authentication, remove the ',IdentityFile=/home/user/.ssh/id_rsa-blahblah' and go look into public-key authentication :D


Windows 7 sees all Ubuntu partitions as primary I got a new laptop with Windows 7. I resized the windows partition and installed Ubuntu 10.10 in the free space using manual partition, with several partitions for /boot, /, /home, swap, and another to be formated as NTFS to share files with the Windows 7 boot.

All worked perfectly on the Ubuntu side, but the disk management of Windows 7 sees all partitions as Primary and doesn't let me format the one I set aside for NTFS.  I always thought that there could only be 4 primary partitions, so seeing 9 primary partions was unexpected.  With all my previous computers this worked fine and I could use both systems to access the common data partition.

Windows 7 Disk Management:

How can I format this partition to NTFS?

Edit:  This is the output of fdisk -l

Disco /dev/sda: 320.1 GB, 320072933376 bytes
255 cabezas, 63 sectores/pista, 38913 cilindros
Unidades = cilindros de 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Tamaño de sector (lógico / físico): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Tamaño E/S (mínimo/óptimo): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Identificador de disco: 0x949ef5d2

Dispositivo Inicio    Comienzo      Fin      Bloques  Id  Sistema
/dev/sda1               1           5       40131   de  Utilidad Dell
/dev/sda2   *           6        1918    15360000    7  HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sda3            1918        8258    50931829+   7  HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sda4            8259       38914   246238209    5  Extendida
/dev/sda5            8259        8271       97280   83  Linux
/dev/sda6           36969       38914    15624192   82  Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda7            8271       14350    48827392   83  Linux
/dev/sda8           14350       16781    19529728   83  Linux
/dev/sda9           33321       36969    29296640   83  Linux
/dev/sda10          16781       33320   132852736   83  Linux

Las entradas de la tabla de particiones no están en el orden del disco

The partition 10 that I wanted to be NTFS appeared as of Linux type, even when in the installer i didn't select that.  I tried changing that to NTFS with the Disk Utility and it stalled changing it.  Installed GParted but every time I run it, it crashes with

glibmm-ERROR **:
unhandled exception (type std::exception) in signal handler:
what: basic_string::_S_create

Finally changed the type with fdisk to 0x07.  The output of fdisk changed only in this line

/dev/sda10          16781       33320   132852736    7  HPFS/NTFS

Now Windows 7 shows this partition and only this partition as being inside an extended partition.   Is there a way to validate my partition table as correct?

You can format the NTFS partition in Linux, if this will work on the windows side i don't know. But this command should be able to format the disk correctly:

sudo mkntfs -L "LABEL" /dev/NTFS-DISK

Where NTFS-DISK should be replaced by the right partiotion and LABEL replaced by a filsystem label of your choosing, you have to have the ntfsprogs package installed. Afaik you should then be able to (if you are a superuser/administrator) assign the partition a drive letter in Windows after formatting it.

I've always worked around this problem: Install Windows first, or install it on a separate hard drive. Simply install Ubuntu afterwards, or ensure the disk containing your Ubuntu install has the highest boot precedence in your BIOS, and rerun GRUB update-grub.


configuring separate X screens instead of TwinView My Sony Vaio laptop is connected to an external Samsung monitor and my nVidia driver is configured in TwinView mode. Everything is OK with this, however, I can not adjust my displays individually so at the moment my external display is a little bit darker which disturbs me a lot.
I tried the Separate X Screen mode but after restart, my laptop display was white with a black x sign mouse pointer and the external display normal desktop. Is it a bug or something I missed? The idea is that using Separate X Screen mode, I could adjust my displays individually.

I would really appreciate someone would guide me out of this situation.

Thanx in adv..

The problem is discussed in the forum: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1972628&page=2
There's also a launchpad bug: https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1002641
Vote for it to give it higher priority

This seems similar to (if not the same as) the problem I was having: How are separate x screens supposed to work (probable problem)

The white screen is, apparently, caused by nautilus (which can be seen by running killall nautilus from the terminal). The following page also describes this problem and both a link to a patch that should fix the problem, and a link to a page that tells how to apply that patch: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1865113

However, that only fixes the white background problem. To get rid of the x cursor and be able to interact with the laptop display, you will need to either,

Download, install, and use Gnome-Classic. I cannot remember what I did to download and install Gnome-Classic, but I did some searching and I think the following command (run from the terminal) might be what does it: sudo apt-get install gnome-panel. To use Gnome-Classic, simply click on the gear icon (located near the password prompt) in the login screen and choose it from the list (and then login).
This should allow you to interact with both displays. However, on my computer, when using separate x screens, it removed the toolbar in the first display (not really a problem if you do not mind using the terminal) and, if my first right-click was in the second display, it not only failed, but prevented me from  accomplishing further right-clicks in either display.
Download and install Xfce: sudo apt-get install xfce4. You should then be able to use it by selecting it from the login screen (by clicking on the gear by the password prompt). If it's not in the list, though, then check the answer given to me in the first link I posted.
This is (in my opinion) the better option, as (for me) it ran without error (as far as I could see). Unless you do not wish to use a different desktop manager, then the first option is usable (however, buggy).


How to see the command attached to a bash alias? Suppose I have an alias in the bash shell. Is there a simple command to print out what command the alias will run?

The type builtin is useful for this. It will not only tell you about aliases, but also functions, builtins, keywords and external commands.

$ type ls
ls is aliased to `ls --color=auto'
$ type rm
rm is /bin/rm
$ type cd
cd is a shell builtin
$ type psgrep
psgrep is a function
psgrep ()
{
    ps -ef | {
        read -r;
        printf '%s\n' "$REPLY";
        grep --color=auto "$@"
    }
}

type -a cmd will show all the commands by that name in order of precedence, which is useful for the ls alias above, where the alias itself calls ls.

$ type -a ls
ls is aliased to `ls --color=auto'
ls is /bin/ls

This tells you that when you run ls, /bin/ls will be used, and --color=auto will be included in its list of arguments, in addition to any other you add yourself.

You could use the which command.

If you set an alias for ls as ls -al and then type which ls, you will see:

ls:   aliased to ls -al.


Xorg is using 100% CPU with 15.04 Since I upgraded to 15.04 everything is horribly slow, with Xorg using 100% CPU. Can't find any reason in any log file. I have

   lspci
   00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor DRAM Controller (rev 06)
   00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor PCI Express x16 Controller (rev 06)
   00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 4th Gen Core Processor Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 06)
   00:03.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor HD Audio Controller (rev 06)
   00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family USB xHCI (rev 05)
   00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family MEI Controller #1 (rev 04)
   00:1a.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family USB EHCI #2 (rev 05)
   00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset High Definition Audio Controller (rev 05)
   00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #3 (rev d5)
   00:1c.2 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #1 (rev d5)
   00:1c.3 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #4 (rev d5)
   00:1c.6 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #7 (rev d5)
   00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family USB EHCI #1 (rev 05)
   00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation HM87 Express LPC Controller (rev 05)
   00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family 6-port SATA Controller 1 [AHCI mode] (rev 05)
   00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family SMBus Controller (rev 05)
   01:00.0 3D controller: NVIDIA Corporation GK208M [GeForce GT 740M] (rev a1)
   07:00.0 Network controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8188EE Wireless Network Adapter (rev 01)
   09:00.0 Unassigned class [ff00]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTS5227 PCI Express Card Reader (rev 01)
   0f:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller (rev 0c)

Anyone sees the same? And found a fix? Thanks

Run

glxinfo |grep string

If you get this

OpenGL vendor string: VMware, Inc.

Then, it looks like I had exactly the same problem: the intel cpu-integrated graphics didn't use intel drivers. I fixed it with the following:

Be sure you have installed intel proprietary drivers. In case you have the drivers installed - jump to step 2, in case you don't, go to https://01.org/linuxgraphics/downloads and download "Graphics Installer 1.0.8 for Ubuntu* 14.10" (they currently don't have the version for 15.04, but this version also works fine), install it with

dpkg -i name_of_the_downloaded_file.deb

The installer of the driver itself won't work, because it checks for Ubuntu version in /etc/lsb-release, so save your original /etc/lsb-release somewhere and change the file to this:

DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu
DISTRIB_RELEASE=14.10
DISTRIB_CODENAME=utopic
DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 14.10"

Then run the installer:

intel-linux-graphics-installer

And install the driver (next, next...)

Now, don't forget to replace back the /etc/lsb-release with your saved copy.
Edit the grub config

vim /etc/default/grub

Find

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="..."

And remove "nomodeset" from this line, because if it's set - it will prevent the driver from loading. Save the file and run

update-grub
reboot

That's all. It should work fine now.

Try this solution, it's great, I could solve my problem with this https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/472406,, then you must update the kernel and to do in terminal sudo update-grub and reboot,, then you have a PC without problems


Where is the bootloader stored - in ROM, RAM, or elsewhere? According to the wikipedia entry, a bootloader is a small program stored in ROM(a part of the main memory(RAM), isn't it??) which can only be read and not erased. I am a little puzzled here. Does this mean that every RAM we buy has a bootloader installed by default?
And also, I read from a book which says that there is typically an area called the MBR (Master Boot Record) on the hard drive which includes a bootloader...

So where exactly is this bootloader located? Do different Operating Systems store their bootloader in different places?

ROM is a separate chip from the RAM.  It does not require power to retain its contents, and originally could not be modified by any means, but came hard wired from the factory.  Later PROM, or Programmable Read Only Memory replaced true ROM.  These chips came blank from the factory, and could be written to once using a special procedure that essentially burned out bits of the chip causing their state to change.  This was then replaced with EPROM, or Eraseable Programmable Memory.  These chips had a little window on them and if you shined ultraviolet light into them, could be erased, allowing them to be programmed again.  These were then replaced with EEPROM, or Electrically Erasable Programmable Memory.  These chips have a special software procedure to erase them so they can be reprogrammed.  ROM generally is still used to refer to all of these types generically.

The motherboard has some type of ROM chip that holds the firmware, which in PC parlance is usually called the BIOS, or Basic Input Output System, though it is being replaced these days with EFI firmware.  This is the software that the CPU first starts executing at power on.  All firmware performs initialization of the hardware, typically provides some diagnostic output, and provides a way for the user to configure the hardware, then locates and loads the boot loader, which in turn locates and loads the OS.

With PC BIOS, it simply loads and executes the first sector off the disk it decides to boot from, which typically is the first hard disk detected.  By convention the first sector of a hard disk, called the Master Boot Record, contains a DOS partition table listing the locations of the partitions on the disk, and and leaves some space for the boot loader.  Ubuntu uses the GRUB boot loader, which places enough code in the MBR to load and execute /boot/grub/core.img.  Normally a copy of this file is placed in the sectors following the MBR, but before the first partition, and that is actually what the MBR loads, since finding the location of /boot/grub/core.img is too difficult to do properly in the very limited space available in the MBR.

The grub core image contains the base grub code, plus any modules needed to access /boot/grub so that it can load additional modules there, and the grub config file that describes what operating systems can be booted, and where they can be found.

The EFI firmware used on Intel Macs and becoming available as a replacement to BIOS on most recent PC motherboards requires a dedicated partition that holds boot loader files, and the firmware is smart enough to find those files and load one instead of just loading and executing whatever is in the first sector of the disk.

The boot loader usually is in the first sector of the hard drive, usually called the Master Boot Record.

Cheers


How can I find duplicate songs? The title says it all. How can I detect duplicates in my media library?

dupeGuru Music Edition is what you want. Set the scan type to "Audio Contents" in Preferences. Please note that the program is fairware so please contribute if you can.

I suggest you couple this with MusicBrainz Picard which can tag your music files automatically.

I've used FSlint to find duplicate files in general. FSlint is "a utility to find and clean various forms of lint on a filesystem."


How to remove uninstalled snaps from cache? When I install a snap with snap install <SNAPNAME> then it is being downloaded and mounted. When I remove it with snap remove <SNAPNAME> then 'everything' is being deleted like the snap, user settings dependecies and so on. But when I re-install the snap after removing it, it has no download time so the snap must be stored somewhere.
How can I clear the cache of snapd with all uninstalled snaps?

You can remove the files in /var/lib/snapd/cache without issue. Also there is no need to stop snapd before.
This was answered in Snapcraft forum:

…
The answers boil down to: you should not have a lot of files with hardlink count 1; at most 5 in the default install. If you have more than that, it’s a bug, please let us know.
And yes you can remove them without issue; no need to stop snapd.

Here the command to do that:
sudo rm /var/lib/snapd/cache/*

Or, you could always "sudo" the file manager, and go, graphically, into the folder, and remove them that way.


How to configure Chrome to open magnet URI's with Deluge? After upgrading to Ubuntu 11.04 (natty) from 10.10, I can no longer open magnet (torrent) links in Chromium, and set deluge to automatically open and accept the URL.
(Edit: currently ".torrent" files are not a problem, but magnet URL's, e.g. of the form "magnet:?xt=urn:...", are now the only problem. Not sure if something updated...?)
Rather, now only transmission will automatically open torrents, magnet links, etc. There doesn't seem to be a way to set deluge to be the default torrent client. (And, there also doesn't seem to be a "default application" setting for BitTorrent client to replace transmission w/ deluge.)
Notes:

I found some old threads on this issue, and only a one or two newer ones. The newer threads seem to suggest xdg-open is to blame. But not many people seem to be running into this problem, so... maybe it's just me?
Not using Firefox, so manually setting apps for mime-types or extensions doesn't work (that's not an option in chrome/chromium, AFAIK -- you have to rely on the OS)
I uninstalled transmission, and then basically nothing happened when clicking on torrent/magnet links.
running from the shell also opens transmission (not deluge): xdg-open "magnet:?xt=urn:bt..&tr=http://tracker.....com/announce".

My current URL handlers are:
$ gconftool -a /desktop/gnome/url-handlers/magnet
command = deluge "%s"
needs_terminal = false
enabled = true

The only work-around I have (which does work) is to rename /usr/bin/transmission-gtk{,.bak} and create my own /usr/bin/transmission-gtk:
$ cat /usr/bin/transmission-gtk
#!/bin/bash
deluge "$@"

Anyone else run into this, know of a bug, workaround, or...?

For 12.04 up to 16.04
In 12.04 and 13.04, deluge does include x-scheme-handler/magnet=deluge.desktop;
in the desktop file. In my case, transmission  was still opening magnet links. I had to tell gvfs-open preferring deluge with:
gvfs-mime --set x-scheme-handler/magnet deluge.desktop

For 18.04
gvfs-mime was deprecated and 'gio mime' used instead:
gio mime x-scheme-handler/magnet deluge.desktop

cd /usr/bin/

sudo sed 's/elif \[ x\"\$GNOME_DESKTOP_SESSION_ID\" \!\= x\"\" \]\; then DE\=gnome\;/elif [ x"$GNOME_DESKTOP_SESSION_ID" != x"" ]; then DE=gnome;\n    elif [ x"$MATE_DESKTOP_SESSION_ID" != x"" ]; then DE=gnome;/g' -i xdg-*

Worked for me (Mint Mate 16 Petra).


Crontab not running a script I have set my crontab to run 2 script:

$ crontab -l
0 20 * * * /usr/bin/bkp.sh --silent > /home/perforce/logs/bkp.log 2>&1
0 21 * * * /usr/bin/flsbk.sh --silent > /home/perforce/logs/flsbk.log 2>&1

The first script is not running.

I set up on crontab -e not sudo crontab -e

The error I have is this. From /home/perforce/output.log:

====================================================================================

Starting Backup

====================================================================================

Output location:  /home/perforce/output.log

Running p4 verify...
/usr/bin/bkp.sh: line 22: p4: command not found
Done! (No error)

Running p4 admin checkpoint...
/usr/bin/bkp.sh: line 46: p4: command not found
Done!
/usr/bin/bkp.sh: line 51: p4: command not found
 (Error)

And my script is this:

#!/bin/bash

echo
echo "===================================================================================="
echo "Starting Backup"
echo "===================================================================================="

# Defines output folder and log name
OUTPUT_FOLDER='/home/perforce/'
OUTPUT_FILE='output.log'

OUTPUT=$OUTPUT_FOLDER$OUTPUT_FILE

echo "Output location: " $OUTPUT

# Creates a temp file
TMPFILE=`mktemp`

echo -n "Running p4 verify..."

# Run the p4 and send the output to the temp file
p4 verify -q //... > $TMPFILE

echo -n " Done!"

# Check if it's empty (no error)

# Copy the content to another variable, so we don't mess up with the original output
RESULT=`cat $TMPFILE`

if [ "$RESULT" != "" ];
then
  echo " (Error, saving to log)"

  # Save error on output file
  `echo $RESULT > $OUTPUT`

  exit
fi

echo " (No error)"

echo -n "Running p4 admin checkpoint..."

# Run the p4 and send the output to the temp file
p4 admin checkpoint > $TMPFILE

echo -n "Done!"

# The file created by the last command
COUNTER=`p4 counter journal`

FILE=/perforce_depot/checkpoint.$COUNTER

# Check if the file was created
if [ -f "$FILE" ]
then
  echo " (No error)"
else
  echo " (Error)"
  exit
fi

echo  -n "Backing up ..."

# Finaly, let's create the backup
#`cp -r /perforce_depot  '/media/perforce/Seagate Backup Plus Drive/perforcebk'`
START=$(date +%D)

FOLDER_NAME=`echo $START | tr -s '/' | tr '/' '_'`
FOLDER_PATH='/media/perforce/BackupDrive/perforcebk'
BACKUP_PATH=$FOLDER_PATH/bkp_$FOLDER_NAME

mkdir -p $BACKUP_PATH

cp -r /perforce_depot $BACKUP_PATH

echo " Done!"

p4 is located into /usr/local/bin

Any one have any idea why i am getting that error? If I ssh to the machine and run manually sh bhp.sh it runs without a problem and any errors.

Cron scripts do not run in your 'normal' environment. The output clearly states:

 /usr/bin/bkp.sh: line 22: p4: command not found

And you said:

  p4 is located into /usr/local/bin

This can mean just that $PATH does not include /usr/local/bin, that's all. So modify your cron script and add this after your shebang:

#!/bin/bash

set -e
PATH="/usr/local/bin:$PATH"

Note: set -e will make your script quit if some commands fail. It is not required to solve your specific problem, but it may solve a lot of headaches in the future. Consider using it in all your scripts.

I think your script will work if you don't use the 'echo' statements. I came across a similar issue when running a couple of python scripts in crontab. I believe cron runs an instance of the terminal without support for IO to the screen. If you need to store any information which was being printed to the screen you should append it to a log file.

Hope that helps, Matt


Ubuntu 14.04 Windows 8.1 Grub Crashes Install I've been trying for days to get Ubuntu 14.04 dual booted on my Windows 8 preinstalled laptop with UEFI. My laptop is a Dell Inspiron 15R 5537.

I followed a tutorial that had me disable fast start up, but keep Secure Boot and EFI boot enabled. Most of the install seems to go right, until the very end, where it claims that the installer failed because it was unable to install Grub2.

In all the videos I've seen, this never happens to anyone else, and after the successful install they are able boot from the live disc and fix Grub with Boot-Repair. However, when I try this it says to disable Secure Boot and try again. After doing so I retried Boot-Repair. It still gave me errors, and I could only boot to Windows 8.1. It gave me this link to explain what went wrong:

http://paste.ubuntu.com/7797066/

Fortunately I was able to delete the unsuccessful install partition and swap partition and restore it to my C: space. I plan to create a new unallocated space for a fresh Ubuntu install. Does anyone know what I am doing wrong?

GRUB can fail to install because of filesystem damage on the ESP. Another clue that this may be an issue is your Boot Repair output, which has generated multiple entries for certain files. This could be a Boot Repair bug, but it's also possible that it indicates damage to the underlying filesystem. You can check the filesystem on the EFI System Partition (ESP) with the dosfsck utility in Linux, as in sudo dosfsck /dev/sda1. This damage can occur if you did not disable Fast Startup in Windows. You mention disabling this feature, but it's not clear if you were referring to the Windows feature or to an EFI feature with a similar name. The Windows feature, if left enabled, can produce filesystem damage and problems installing an EFI boot loader, so it must be disabled. See this page (or others; a Web search should turn up lots of entries) for details.

If you continue to have GRUB problems, I recommend abandoning GRUB in favor of something else. Although Ubuntu's default boot loader is GRUB, it's a tricky program to fix when things go wrong -- it's just too big and complex to be properly managed by the average user. See this page of mine for information on GRUB alternatives. The easiest to try is likely to be my own rEFInd boot manager. You can download the version on USB flash drive or CD-R and boot to it. It should detect your Ubuntu installation and give you options to boot it. Provided you didn't use a separate /boot partition, this should work, and if you then install the Debian package in Ubuntu, it should boot from hard disk. Unfortunately, because you wiped the Ubuntu installation from your disk, you'll need to re-install to try this. Note, however, that the USB flash drive and CD-R versions of rEFInd require that Secure Boot be disabled. (You can use rEFInd with Secure Boot, but doing so requires jumping through some extra hoops.)

YOU TRY THE INSTALL from w8? via wubi?

microsoft is doing us wrong....
it happens to me but w7 64, then i backup and try again, reinstall w7 from backup / restore and install again ubuntu 14.04 avoiding wubi... there is a problem when you run the install from cd...INSIDE WINDOWS via wubi and certain choices ones mde
 it writes MBR with grub from win and the grub can't be overwrited cause win problems, more or less, I also discover to avoid inserting SD or other unnecesary media -specially if they are placed during boot, cause booting virus can cause to be active and pass to the normal boot tainted- keeping you away of choosing the right device. even loaded the boot virus I THINK is harmless when it sees your computer SPEAKING LINUX GERMAN, JIJIJI   Better option is to install FROM alternative booting media DVD CD USB.  You had the extra handicap W8 REFER TO THE LONG ANSWER
Installing Ubuntu Alongside a Pre-Installed Windows with UEFI
by the way, then i can boot w7, but booting ubuntu doesn't work cause misdirections between alongside kernel and recently installed on another partition, i think the problem is always the misconception ones haves on the options.
Boot loading problem after Wubi installation of Ubuntu 12.04 on Windows 7 AND A DAMAGED SYSTEM IS ALWAYS RESTORABLE VIA A LIVE CD.  and searching for the right solution.  it seems difficult to install from w8

a great suggestion is google all the information you have on the problem or your aim goals i.e. for me looks like this
INSTALL UBUNTU HP MINI 3100 REMOVE WINDOWS, hey i don't miss SLOWindowSPAM, if you miss something try to get one iso BOOTABLE AND RUNNIT ON VIRTUAL BOX, or even better you can try even more OS from virtual box, just DW the iso or bootable image and try it DRIVE TEST.

fOR YOU LOOKS LIKE THESE
laptopMODEL brand install ubuntu alongside w8/ w8.1/ windows 8 or so
refine your search reading and taking ideas of what you see -WORD to avoid WORD DISPLAYING AT THE SEARCH RESULT... someone with your same concern maybe are reaching first to your aims before you.  good luck

APPENDED
A great option "as seen on knoppix" is starting linux (virtual or "physicallY" as primary OS on a server, meaning any machine on the net) and then run THE SERVER  service so any amchine on the same net can BOOT from the shared resource -just configure the BIOS on ALL the clients to bot from NETCARD, some gave you the possibility via F2 orsomething similar on SLOW STARTUP-, BOOTING Usb or hd IS another option for you VIA PENNDRIVE one caN EVEN BOOT ON live cd WITH PREDEFINED PERSISTENCE ON fat 32 16.


Bash History not containing all history and blank after reboot, how to resolve? I've recently upgraded from 13.04 to 13.10 and realized my terminal bash history is not surviving reboots.

cat ~/.bash_history gave me a permissions denied error.

I, possibly unnecessarily or wrongly, issued a chmod 777 ~/.bash_history to see if that would help...and although I could then cat and read some contents it contained not much of anything as far as history.

I also tried sudo rm ~/.bash_history after reading bash history not being preserved

Strangely, after doing that, I typed a few test commands, ls, ls -lah ... and upon pressing the up arrow to go back through history it contained those two commands as well as the odd history from some far off time in the past but very few results and not the hundreds of commands I typed earlier in the day.

Is there a new place bash history is stored? How can removing ~/.bash_history not get rid of the commands that are somehow lingering? I am not certain, but I believe my root bash history is acting normal. My user bash history is what's causing me trouble. Any help and guidance in tracking down and solving this problem is appreciated.

Run:

sudo chown bob:bob ~/.bash_history && chmod 660 ~/.bash_history

Having had the same problem after installing Ubuntu 13.10. I noted that the history worked as root, and after I ran:

chmod 0777 ~/.bash_history

The problem was solved immediately.


Delete total line in nano? some times while I am editing my files with nano I am facing difficulty while deleting some big line, I need to hold Del key for long time.

is there any shortcut I can found to delete the total line at a time ?

I have checked the man-page , still no use.

Thank you.

You can use Ctrl+K to delete a line.

But strictly speaking Ctrl+k does not delete lines permanently. The most recent set of deletions are stored in a buffer. These lines may be re-inserted at the current cursor location using Ctrl+U. You can use this to cut and paste.

Here you can find some useful shortcuts of nano

It's true that man nano is quite brief. However, if you have a "default" nano, you should see a small help menu at the bottom of the screen like this:

If you don't see such a menu, it is possible that you need to go into /etc/nanorc and look for something like this:

## Don't display the helpful shortcut lists at the bottom of the screen.
# set nohelp

Uncommenting the second line causes the menu to be hidden. You may prefer to copy /etc/nanorc to your home folder as .nanorc and edit that copy for user-specific modifications.

You can also access nano's built-in help (and shortcuts) by pressing Ctrl+G at any time.


Where are the Apache and PHP log files? I've installed Apache, PHP, and MySQL on Ubuntu 10.10 desktop edition, and it's working fine.
Except I have no clue where to look for Apache or PHP log files.

By default, /var/log/apache2/error.log.

This can be configured in /etc/php5/apache2/php.ini.

If Apache was setup with Webmin/Virtualmin there is a separate folder for each VirtualHost.

It is

~/logs

folder for each VirtualHost user.

These are two files:

~/logs/access_log

and

~/logs/error_log

So they are

/home/onedomain/logs/access_log

/home/onedomain/logs/error_log

/home/anotherdomain/logs/access_log

/home/anotherdomain/logs/error_log

...

etc.

To view log files for each particular domain login as VirtualHost owner user of that hostname and run

tail -f ~/logs/error_log


Samba share points not visible in google Chrome "save as" utility in 14.04 I generally mount 2 NAS with nautilus as samba shares. I mount them manually with nautilus.

For some unknown reason I cannot see those shares anymore when I want to "save as" a file on one of those 2 NAS.

Any idea ?

Please look at the picture that the samba share points do not appear

Regarding my answer here:

Nautilus uses gvfs to mount samba shares. Find out where it is located in your file system using this command:

mount | grep gvfs

Assuming you use the default Ubuntu configuration and are the first (or only) user on your Ubuntu machine, the mount point of already mounted Shares from Nautilus is  below this folder:

/run/user/1000/gvfs/

With the 1000 being your User ID. 1000 is the default UID for the first user of the system. Find out your User ID with the following command:

id -u

Go to Ordinateur to find /run folder.


How do I get transparent windows to show all windows beneath them? The kind of transparency I'm seeing in Ubuntu 11.10 is it will show the desktop wallpaper. This is not what I want.

When I first installed Ultimate Edition, transparent windows would show the window right below them, not the desktop. This is the kind of transparency that I want. How can I get Ubuntu to function like this again?

I'm not entirely sure what of this accomplished what you're trying to do, but here's what I did that did result in the transparency you want:

Installed Ubuntu 11.10
Installed Xfce4
Turned on 'Enable display compositing' (Settings -> Settings Manager -> Window Manager Tweaks -> Compositor (tab).

But, before I turned on compositing, I wasn't getting pseudo-transparency, either (which is what you're describing).  If you're early enough in the set up process, it might be worth installing Ubuntu 11.10 fresh, and adding Xfce4 manually.  I've had much better results doing it that way in the past.  (for both 10.04 and 11.10)

After you have done what Geppettvs D'Constanzo said, you can hold down alt over the window you want to make transparent, then scroll. It works wonderfully and you can see any non-minimized windows beneath. I hope it will work for you in XFCE!


Wi-fi problem Ubuntu 14.04 I have BCM4313 802.11bgn wireless network adapter (rev 01), with is not recognized on Ubuntu 14.04. What to do?

This device uses the driver combination bcma and brcmsmac. It shouldn’t be necessary to install anything at all. Required firmware is installed by default in the package linux-firmware. In a few cases, it is necessary to blacklist b43 and ssb. Running the following commands would do this:

sudo -i
echo "blacklist b43" >> /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf
echo "blacklist ssb" >> /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf
exit

This sorts the issue for me.

Source: Post by chili555 on Ubuntu forums


X won't start (black screen after splash) When I boot my computer, the purple Ubuntu splash appears (without the orange dots) for a split second, and then the screen turns black. I was able to get the Xorg.0.log from the command line. I think this happened after installing the proprietary drivers for my Radeon HD 6770.

Xorg.0.log file (Sorry, file is too big)

Any idea what's going on?

The key here is line 589 onward:

incompatible kernel module detected - HW accelerated OpenGL will not work

Right now, the X server in the repos does not work well with any fglrx driver in the repos. So do the following steps:

Hold Shift during boot to see the Grub menu.
Go to "Advanced Options for Ubuntu" using the down-arrow key and then scroll down once to the first Recovery Mode kernel option.
Go down to the option that says "enable networking" and press Enter.
Go down to the option that says "root shell prompt" and press Enter.
Very carefully type the following commands (for the long filename try just typing amd and then press Tab):

apt-get -y install build-essential
mkdir fglrx
cd fglrx
wget --referer='http://support.amd.com/en-us/download/desktop?os=Linux+x86' http://www2.ati.com/drivers/beta/amd-catalyst-13.11-betaV9.95-linux-x86.x86_64.zip
unzip amd-catalyst-13.11-betaV9.95-linux-x86.x86_64.zip
chmod a+x amd-catalyst-13.11-betaV9.95-linux-x86.x86_64.run
./amd-catalyst-13.11-betaV9.95-linux-x86.x86_64.run

You will be prompted to agree to a license agreement. Do not build the distribution-specific driver package when given the option. Go with the "Standard" or non-"Expert" install type. Enter through all the other options. Wait until you are allowed to return to the prompt and press Ctrl+Alt+Delete to reboot.

try to login with your account in a terminal then use this command "startx".


Grub bootloader failed to boot in dual boot system after installing Ubuntu 12.10 I had 12.04 with my dual boot system. Yesterday I downloaded Ubuntu 12.10 make bootable USB and choose Upgrade option in Installer. After installation Grub failed to boot my machine. I tried following  to fix grub bootloder . Same problem I fixed with Ubuntu 12.04 using live USB but this solution not work for Ubuntu 12.10. Now coming at exactly where this solution goes fail.

I followed  this steps after booting Live USB and opening terminal.

1) sudo fdisk -l to see where Linux is installed

2) sudo mount /dev/sda9 /mnt where sda9 is my linux partition

3) sudo mount /dev/sda9 /mnt/boot

4) sudo mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev

5) sudo chroot /mnt  (No problems with this steps done perfectly)

6) grub-install /dev/sda when I type command I got error that

source_dir doesn't exist Please specify --target or --directory

How can I solve this?

For general boot problems (even specific problems  UEFI - GPT) with grub-boot-loader you can use the Boot-Repair program from a LiveCD-USB of Ubuntu.

Boot repair disk is the best solution in boot problems, I ever found.


How to install ktechlab? How to install ktechlab in Ubuntu 11.10?

Compiling and Installing the latest ktechlab on Ubuntu 11.10+

This will get the latest, KDE4-port-in-progress ktechlab installed on Ubuntu 11.10 (and probably 12.04). Getting it to work may be a different story since I'm not familiar with the software. This assumes you are at the top-level of your home directory:

sudo apt-get install git kdelibs5-dev kdevplatform-dev qt4-dev-tools cmake libglib2.0-dev
mkdir git-ktechlab && cd git-ktechlab
git clone git://github.com/ktechlab/ktechlab.git
cd ktechlab
mkdir build && cd build
cmake .. -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=debugfull -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/
make
sudo make install
kbuildsycoca4 &> /dev/null
update-mime-database /usr/share/mime

And then run with ktechlab. Note that it segfaults for me when clicking "New" but appears to open existing projects successfully.

Alternately, short of setting up a virtual machine running Lucid, the other option may be to create a Lucid chroot, bind your home directory to it and set the X display appropriately so that ktechlab 0.3.x is running "natively" on your 11.10 display.

Somewhat off-topic: I've never used ktechlab, but have quite a bit of experience with embedded programming, in particular PICs; but most of it was using MPLAB (and a little gpsim) along with the ICD2 (in-circuit debugger) instead of a simulator. Perhaps an ICD might work for your purposes?

For those who like and need elaborations of electronic circuits with simulation of operation to facilitate the development we have again the ktechlab that was stopped for some time in its development, and only now it was released in .tar.xz which is the compressed source code which can be extracted for eventual compilation.

After a setback to put it to work, I ended up compiling, installing and creating a package in .deb format where in my tests it worked perfectly on the Ubuntu 17.04 base of KDu4 and the base Kubuntu 18.04 of KDu5 Alpha4. I believe it will work normally in other Debian-based distros.

Ktechlab Application Reference: https://sourceforge.net/projects/ktechlab/?source=directory
Download reference: https://sourceforge.net/projects/kduxp/files/Pacotes/Eletronica/KtechLab/KtechLab4.0/
Ktechlab packaging 0.40: https://ufpr.dl.sourceforge.net/project/kduxp/Pacotes/Eletronica/KtechLab/KtechLab4.0/KtechLab0.40.1-build_20180303-1_amd64.deb To install, click and install or from the terminal: sudo apt update && sudo apt install -f  && sudo apt install ./KtechLab0.40.1-build_20180303-1_amd64.deb or sudo dpkg -i KtechLab0.40.1-build_20180303-1_amd64.deb
Script for compilation of the source code (warning, from a workbook) Basic dependencies: git libqt4-dev kdelibs5-dev cmake https://ufpr.dl.sourceforge.net/project/kduxp/Pacotes/Eletronica/KtechLab/ KtechLab4.0 / Install-ktechLab-KDu4


Installing package on different ubuntu version I want to install this package on Quantal but it only seems to have Oneiric and Precise versions. So apt-get update fails when fetching the package's PPA (it doesn't have a Quantal version). I think the Precise version will probably run fine on Quantal, though.

Is there a way I can manually get the deb and install it with dpkg at my own risk? Or some other way to bypass the "version check".

Yes. Just download the .deb from the PPA. Nothing is keeping you from doing that. Then install

$ sudo dpkg -i packagefile.deb

You may need to install the dependencies with it using

$ sudo apt-get install -f

This might not work if it depends on certain versions not provided in Quantal.

If you can't find the .deb on the PPA page click "View package details", unfold the source package, then scroll down to "Package Files".

Look at prefer way from the scratch: man apt_preferences and the answer Install a different version of a package


Configuring HDMI Audio via command line I'm looking for a way to configure HDMI audio output via the command line using pulseaudio. I was able to get it running by using pavucontrol and changing it in the configuration tab, but I need a way to automate the process. I haven't been able to find any documentation at all so far. The system is a lucid install.

Edit: From what I've found, I can use pacmd set-card-profile to do this. However, whenever I try, I get an error like the following (using the default profiles as defined in /usr/share/pulseaudio/alsa-mixer/profile-sets/default.conf)

# pacmd set-card-profile 0 hdmi-stereo
Welcome to PulseAudio! Use "help" for usage information.
>>> Failed to set card profile to 'hdmi-stereo'.

# pacmd set-card-profile 0 analog-stereo
Welcome to PulseAudio! Use "help" for usage information.
>>> Failed to set card profile to 'analog-stereo'.

Why can't I change these from command line when pavucontrol works to change them?

I was using the tool wrong. The correct way to do it was pactl set-card-profile 0 output:hdmi-audio. You can get a list of avilable profile names by running pacmd list-cards.

I found a simpler way to do this - on the Hardware tab of the System Settings Sound control, right-click on the profile drop down and select
Digital Stereo (HDMI) Output + Analog Stereo input from the list.


What is the TPM 2.0 update? Every time I start my computer and/or the package updater, I get a message about a TPM 2.0 update going from version 1.3.0.1 to 1.3.1.0. However when I apply the update and reboot, the computer has fails to boot and breaks.

When I finally get the computer in a usable state again, the update is there again, with the bothersome notification yet again.

What is this update and how can I solve this problem?

To install the update, you have to clear TPM owner information. In order to do that, go to the BIOS (press F2 during boot), open Settings -> Security -> TPM 2.0 Security. Check Clear option and confirm your action. Once owner information is cleared install the update again. This time it should finish successfully.

Just please note that your system may keep important data in TPM module (as for example, a password to your hard disk) and once you clear it you may lost access to your files...

Error message during update request to "clear ownership"
update is ok after I tick something inside bios related with "Intel trusted execution technology" called "TXT", sorry if it's not clear: I did it a few days ago.

Hope it help.


How do I use a different drive as an installation location for Steam? I recently got an invitation for Steam. I want to download games but my SSD drive which I have Ubuntu will not be enough. How can I install Steam on a different hard drive?

I went into the "Steam Library Folders" but I can't delete the original folder so steam can install on that drive. I have also tried to change the place but it is again on the down side:

Some points not addressed in the above answers:

While Steam lets you create multiple libraries, it appears some games can only be installed in the primary library. I suspect this applies to games (eg, those using the Source engine like TF2) with shared content.
Using a symlink to move the SteamApps library folder out of the Steam directory causes problems, since some games appear for whatever reason not to follow symlinks. Certainly this TF2 bug is related, but others may also be. (It appears you can do this successfully using a bind mount, but this is unnecessary - see below).

However, to answer the original question - you can just move the Steam folder entirely to a new location (eg, to move it to /opt/Steam):

sudo mv ~/.local/share/Steam /opt

Once it is moved, attempt to start Steam (using the Unity icon or /usr/bin/steam). You will get a message:

Couldn't find Steam content, did you move it?

Which will let you select the new Steam directory. Subsequently it will start normally.

This worked moving Steam to another ext4 filesystem. I do not know whether this will work if you change the permissions or attempt to use a non-linux filesystem.
I have not tried sharing a library directory between Windows and Linux steam. I suspect this would end badly.
Moving the Steam directory will usually make SteamGuard require an unlock code the next time you start Steam.

For it dosent work. When i instaled first time Steam i could to instal games in another disk space it was all ok, After instalation i turned on games and playing few houers. Next step i had to reset my PC after rebooting there was no games instaled on my steam. What can i do is to install again games on my disk where is the system. I cant change location. It strange becouse games are on my difrent location instaled properly but steam whant to instal them again.


Bitcoin-qt: symbol lookup error: bitcoin-qt: undefined symbol: _ZN12QApplication10commitDataER15QSessionManager Literally have done nothing to Bitcoin-qt.  I will install it, download everything overnight, and then try to restart my computer after installing it all and then I can no longer run bitcoin-qt and it gives me this lookup error.

I've literally reinstalled Ubuntu 4 different times this week, I've spent hours googling for anything remotely similar to my issue, and I've even broken my system once trying to fix this issue.  I've redownloaded the Bitcoin Core 4 times as well using 600GB of data. I've even tried both Ubuntu 16.04 and 17.04 and both keep breaking like this.

Bitcoin-qt: symbol lookup error: bitcoin-qt: undefined symbol: _ZN12QApplication10commitDataER15QSessionManager

I'm literally doing nothing except restarting my computer and I even properly shut down Bitcoin-Qt before I restart and I make sure to sudo killall bitcoin-qt and it will tell me every time that there are no processes running.

I've reinstalled my system 4 times and I'm not about to reinstall another Ubuntu copy.  Someone please tell me what is causing this issue because I've spent hours googling and trying literally everything that anyone says and nothing is working.

Because I'm sure anyone using Bitcoin-qt on Ubuntu will inevitably face this issue since I have faced it 4 times without fail in a row:

Go to /usr/local/lib and you will find a bunch of libQt files there like libQtCore.so* and libQtGui, etc. Move EVERY libQt file out from /usr/local/lib and move it into /usr/.

For some reason, this will let Bitcoin-qt run again.

Before, clicking on it from the Search menu did nothing, clicking the executable in the /usr/bin/ folder did nothing, and running bitcoin-qt from a terminal window did nothing. Now it works fine again and everything will run.

Solved after 4 reinstallations of Ubuntu, breaking my system once (and losing some code I wrote), and many many hours of googling and trying everything there is.


How can I restart GNOME Shell, after it freezes or becomes unresponsive? Sometimes, my GNOME Shell freezes. I can see (hear) background processes working (playing music), but I can't do anything in GNOME. No Alt+F2 followed by R and Enter.

I can switch to console using: Ctrl+Alt+F1, login as the same user and execute:

gnome-shell --replace

and return back Ctrl+F7, but then, I get a strange behavior. For example I cannot edit network connections. I cannot logout as well. What is the proper way to restart the gnome-shell?

The easier way is just pressing Alt + F2, type r then Enter. This will work so long the shell is usable.

You can also send SIGQUIT to the gnome-shell process which will terminate only the shell:

killall -3 gnome-shell

Other methods use more destructive means, which close all the applications, this shouldn't.

kill -15 gnome-shell does not work for me but kill -9 does. I think it is because kill -9 triggers a segfault which triggers gnome-shell to restart itself, while kill -15 does not.


Ubuntu 15.10 startup error I updated from 15.04 to 15.10. When I start up the computer I see

Error: no video mode activated

After this, it goes to the Ubuntu startup page with the logo but after load shows me a list of services that have started and stays on that screen. I am getting very frustrated. Ubuntu left a message saying that 15.04 will no longer receive updates and I should switch, and this version is broken upon arrival.

I can use the Ctrl+Alt+F1 command to put in commands but have no idea where to start. Please help.

This seems to be a bug. Maybe you can boot from the Livecd, and try to reinstall GRUB.

Use live cd and choose to install Ubuntu.
Don't Format partitions
already created.
Chose mount point for each partition, and then select continue. The
grub installer will be reinstalled correctly.

Or Try to Commit: _GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_ and _GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET_ in /etc/default/grub will help on this: Then try to run 'sudo update-grub' after changes to /etc/default/grub.

GRUB_DEFAULT=GRUB_SAVED_DEFAULT
#GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=10
#GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=
GRUB_TIMEOUT=10
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`
#GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""

Especially if you run an encrypted drive and you have nvidia drivers installed then you can try:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/grub2/+bug/699802

sudo cp /usr/share/grub/*.pf2  /boot/grub
sudo update-grub


unable to install ubuntu on alongside windows 10. Grub install /dev/sda failed Note:  I have already checked all the answers available on stackoverflow and various other forums. But could find no solution that would help me solve "grub install /dev/sda failed fatal error"

I have made sure the UEFI mode is selected and not legacy.
Secure boot is off.
Fastboot is turned off.

There is one partition(sda 6 for ubuntu). sda 1 EFI for as windows boot manager(And assuming that grub will be installed here). I am using live usb to install Ubuntu.

I have also tried with and without a new EFI drive sda4. Please help me resolve this and get Ubuntu 16.04 installed

I have attached the screenshots for reference.

I experienced the same problem while trying to install Ubuntu 14.04 alongside Windows 8.1 Pro. However, make sure you uncheck Turn off secure boot, and then reboot your computer. After that press F8 or F2 depending on your computer, then make sure you boot in UEFI and not Legacy.

After installing Ubuntu, reboot the system. If it chooses Ubuntu automatically and didn't show the GRUB boot loader, this means you have to do one more step.

In Ubuntu, after logging in:

Connect to the Internet.
Open a new Terminal by pressing Ctrl+Alt+T, then type the following commands (press Enter after each line):

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && boot-repair

This boot manager will help uninstalling the old version of GRUB and reinstalling a new version of it. Just follow its steps.

I hope I solved your problem. If there's anything else, please leave a comment.


Where is the Task Manager? Is there any UI in ubuntu like the one in Windows to kill the processes forcefully.

My google chrome application is stuck and i can't close it, need to do it forcefully.Please help !

Yes, there is a gui. If installed, you can start it with

gnome-system-monitor

If not installed, you can either search in the Software Center for System monitor or type in the terminal:

sudo apt-get install gnome-system-monitor

Hope this helps.

Or, to make it a bit easier, just open the dash and type System Monitor.

Open the Dash and search for system monitor. There you can stop the processes you want easily


how to update python version on ubuntu 14.10 I'm trying to figure out what version of python i have installed, and also upgrade it to the latest.

When I go to a command prompt and check, it looks like I have an old version of python installed.

me@linuxdev:~$ python
Python 2.7.8 (default, Oct 20 2014, 15:05:19)
[GCC 4.9.1] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>>

But then when i launch the sofware center in Ubuntu and check the "installed" section, under "developer tools" i see an entry for "Python (v3.4)"

So I'm not really sure what version I'm running.
I would like to

remove any old unused version of python.
end up with one version, which should be the latest

Thanks.

EDIT 1

This is what happens when I try to reinstall python from the commandline:

me@linuxdev:~$ sudo apt-get --reinstall python
E: Command line option --reinstall is not understood

Ubuntu 14.10 comes with Python 2.7.8 (available as python, python2 and python2.7) and Python 3.4.2 (available as python3 and python3.4) installed by default.

As many programs depend on them you can't remove any of them without breaking your system.

To install or update python just type this in Terminal:

sudo apt-get install python

That's it :)


How to grant apt-get permissions required to install software? I am new to Linux, can anyone be kind enough to help me know how to install software from the terminal?

I tried to install java by entering the command in the terminal

sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jdk

but i get errors ,

E:Could not open lock file /var/lib/dpkg/lock - open (13: Permission denied)
E:Unable to lock the administration directory (/var/lib/dpkg/), are you root?

I also tried root

su -

but it says that the password is incorrect, so what is root ?

Advance Thanks for the help Guys.

By using sudo, you are temporarily becoming root for the duration of that command, just like you'd switched to root with su - root, executed the command, and switched back with exit.

Out of the box, Ubuntu doesn't configure a password for root, so you cannot log in as root directly like you're attempting to do with su. You either have to use sudo, or configure a password for the root user. It is recommended that you simply use sudo.

Are you sure you used sudo when trying to run the install command?

You will get that error if you have the gui (graphic user interface) open.
Check the desktop, is synaptic package manager open?


How to change the disk partition for ubuntu? After installing ubuntu can I move it to use a different disk space?

You can try using GParted. There is a very nice guide to Live USBs and GParted here.

Also, for the partition moving, it could be possible using GParted as well. Make a new partition bigger than your current Ubuntu partition, then use GParted to copy all the data over. This is rather crude, and might not work completely, but with some luck should do the trick.

You can use gparted or fdisk for that. Finding out the free space to dump the installed one using resize2fs, e2fsck. Use --help for best results.

Here is the example set of commands you may try :

df -h   ( To list all your available drives)

resize2fs /dev/sdx xG (replace x with your actual values where xG defines the new disk space that you like to compressed into in GB)

e2fsck -f /dev/sdb (filesystem check to check parity and sync memory)
Now start partitioning using fdisk tool :

fdisk -l / Listing all partition details of all available devices

sudo fdisk /dev/sdx /* selecting fdisk tool for sdx device

p /* display present partitions

d(untill no partition exists) /* deleting existing partitions

n /* Creating new partitions

p /* selecting partiton as primary

1 /* giving partition number

(default) /* offset byte

(select size) /* needed partition size */

w /* write changes */

sudo mkfs.(filesystem type) /dev/sdx1 /* format the new partition as a file system type */

For more help in detail, this link may help you:
http://noohonlinux.blogspot.qa/2014/10/1.html


How do I identify the correct driver to blacklist in modprobe? Without disabling anything in my bios, I want to disable and keep the OS from loading any drivers or registering the smartcard contact interface that is part of my laptop.

I understand that this can be accomplished by adding the driver for the smartcard to the blacklist file /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist in the following manner:

blacklist driver-name

How can I detect the "driver-name" for the BROADCOM device below?

$ opensc-tool -l -r 0
# Detected readers (pcsc)
Nr.  Card  Features  Name
0    Yes             Yubico Yubikey NEO OTP+CCID 00 00
1    No              Broadcom Corp 5880 [Contacted SmartCard]
(0123456789ABCD) 01 00

No use, you can't block it that way, because it does not have a kernel space driver (module). As you can see it is UNCLAIMED. I've same device in Dell Latitude E6410.

lsusb -d 0a5c:5800

Bus 002 Device 005: ID 0a5c:5800 Broadcom Corp. BCM5880 Secure Applications Processor

sudo lsusb -t (See Bus 2 Device 5, took from above output)

/:  Bus 02.Port 1: Dev 1, Class=root_hub, Driver=ehci-pci/3p, 480M
    |__ Port 1: Dev 2, If 0, Class=Hub, Driver=hub/8p, 480M
        |__ Port 1: Dev 3, If 0, Class=Human Interface Device, Driver=usbhid, 1.5M
        |__ Port 8: Dev 5, If 0, Class=Application Specific Interface, Driver=, 12M
        |__ Port 8: Dev 5, If 1, Class=Chip/SmartCard, Driver=, 12M
/:  Bus 01.Port 1: Dev 1, Class=root_hub, Driver=ehci-pci/3p, 480M
    |__ Port 1: Dev 2, If 0, Class=Hub, Driver=hub/6p, 480M

sudo lshw

             *-usb:1 UNCLAIMED
                  description: Generic USB device
                  product: 5880
                  vendor: Broadcom Corp
                  physical id: 8
                  bus info: usb@2:1.8
                  version: 1.01
                  serial: 0123456789ABCD
                  capabilities: usb-1.10
                  configuration: maxpower=100mA speed=12Mbit/s

It is using a user space driver like libccid that communicate through libusb , the only way to stop it, is to stop any tool that use it like pcscd, pam could have a module for it too.

You could try this, and enter this in the terminal:

 modprobe -c lspci | lspci usb

and it might work fine this way.


After upgrading to 12.04 the scanner from Brother Printer MFC-290C does not work I upgraded Ubuntu to 12.04 from 11.10. The printer works, but the scanner doesn't now. In 11.10 I had to install a special driver from Brother. The printer's model is Brother MFC-290C. The computer is a Toshiba Satellite. How can I get the scanner working?
Update:
I have a 64-bit installation on the Toshiba Satellite. Thank you for your instructions, Chad--24216.  I followed each step: 1 through 5.  I also updated the Brother Linux scanner S-KEY tool.
The output of dpkg -l | grep Brother is:
ii  brscan-skey                            0.2.3-0                                 Brother Linux scanner S-KEY tool
ii  brscan3                                0.2.11-5
Brother Scanner Driver
ii  mfc290ccupswrapper:i386                1.1.2-2                                 Brother CUPS Inkjet Printer Definitions
ii  mfc290clpr:i386                        1.1.2-2                                 Brother lpr Inkjet Printer Definitions
ii  printer-driver-ptouch                  1.3-3ubuntu0.1                          printer driver Brother P-touch label printers

Still the scanner does not work. Here is the message from Xsane:
Failed to open device brother3:bus6;dev1:  Invalid argument.

Here is the message from Simple Scan:
Failed to scan. Unable to connect to scanner.

And Scan Utility still doesn't display the scanner line.

Unfortunately none of the solutions above worked for my Brother DCP-7045N, but just the normal standard installation:

Download packages from http://solutions.brother.com/

Install doing
    sudo dpkg -i --force-all brscan3-0.2.5-2.i386.deb
    sudo dpkg -i --force-all brscan-skey-0.2.1-1.i386.deb

Check with dpkg -l | grep Brother

brsaneconfig3 -a name=SCANNER model=DCP-7045N ip=192.168.1.101

Check with brsaneconfig3 -q | grep DCP-7045N

I hope it does it for you too!

A very simple solution is:

Go to Ubuntu Software center.
Search for HPLIP Toolbox.
Install HPLIP.
Open HPLIP and wait for some time. Automatically under "Actions", various options will appear such as- Print, Scan, Print Test Page.
Click on Scan- If the driver is missing, it will automatically ask you for installing drivers.
Go alongwith the prompt and it will install whatever it needs to install.
Enjoy scanning.


squidGuard: error while loading shared libraries: libdb-6.0.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory I tried to install squidGuard-1.4. I successfully install but I can't load it using this command squidGuard -d
it turn out like this result:

squidGuard: error while loading shared libraries: libdb-6.0.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

What are the solution for this kind of error?

Can somebody help me?

Heloo, may be, you can test, this command.

root@proxy-serv:~ # apt-file search libdb-6.0.so
libdb6.0: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdb-6.0.so

root@proxy-serv:~ # ls -al /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdb-6.0.so
ls: cannot access /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdb-6.0.so: No such file or directory

root@proxy-serv:~ # cd /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/
root@proxy-serv:/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu# ln -s /usr/local/BerkeleyDB.6.0/lib/libdb-6.0.so ./

Done.

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/path/to/libdb-6.0.so/parent_dir

and try again


How to update grub after installing Ubuntu 14.04 through MAAS with Global Kernel Parameters? I have installed Ubuntu 14.04 LTS with kernel version 4.4.0-71-generic via MAAS with the Global Kernel Parameter setting as "quiet splash".

I proceeded to disconnect the system from PXE boot and enabled local boot via the hard disk.

Finally I appended some kernel options to the file /etc/default/grub to enable hugepages and ixgbe Virtual Functions among other things. I executed commands update-grub and update-grub2 and rebooted the system.

No matter what I try, the newly added kernel options are being ignored by the system on reboot and the output of the command cat /proc/cmdline shows the following:

BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-71-generic root=UUID=a379cb57-3ed1-42ae-b349-972363d1af85 ro quiet splash vt.handoff=7

How do I alter the grub successfully? I see that this issue occurs only when installing via MAAS. If I install Ubuntu using a .iso file on a flash drive I face no such issue.

The reason why the grub config is not updated is because the sudo update-grub command is outputting the changed file to stdout. You need to update the file in /boot with the -o flag.

sudo update-grub -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg

I discovered that if you're in a KVM doing reboot in cmd line would not work. You need to ask the reboot from outside. In my case I had to use proxmox to call a reboot on the VM.


Can't delete disabled software fonts under Other Software, after upgrade to Saucy (13.10) I just upgraded from Raring to Saucy. Software & Updates >> Other Software shows disabled entries, saying Disabled after upgrade to saucy. I can't check or uncheck these disabled entries to delete them. How can I remove them?

You must have permisson or you cannot do it right now. More detail, you must enter password when required.


My ubuntu runs in slow motion on ubuntu 13.04 asus 1015cx My specs:

my Asus EeePC 1015CX certified by ubuntu 12.04 lts

asus 1015 cx with gma 3600 graphic card
intel atom dual core
ubuntu 13.04

My problem:
I need to use ubuntu 13.04, not 12.04.

ubuntu 13.04 runs in slow motion on default unity desktop, is it graphic card problem?

when i clicked file, runs in very slow animation on unity.
windows comes up in very slow motion

I can't even use ubuntu 13.04 because so slow.

what's minimal requirement of ubuntu 13.04 or unity desktop?
why is it so slow?
what kind of processes should i take to fix it?
I tried by myself but no good result.

Need some help anyway.
Any ideas ?
maybe i should change hardware lol?
my Asus EeePC 1015CX certified by ubuntu 12.04 lts !

To fix the slow graphics performance, after upgrading to Ubuntu 13.04 Raring Ringtail, and using Intel GPU, do these two things:

Open the /etc/X11/xorg.conf file (it may be blank or non-existent):

gksudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf

Paste this and save the file:

Section "Device"
Identifier "Card0"
Driver "intel"
Option "AccelMethod" "uxa"
#Option "AccelMethod" "sna"
EndSection

Reboot

Source: http://linuxg.net/fix-slow-graphics-performance-on-ubuntu-13-04-intel-gpu/

there is a problem of unity 3d and it can not run properly 2 or 3gb ram so u can first remove unity by typing on terminal:

sudo apt-get remove unity

or

sudo apt-get purge unity

after then you install unity 2d by write in terminal

 sudo apt-get install unity-2d

after installing reboot the pc then u show your ubuntu run faster at speed of 100gb/s


How to reset MAAS 1.5 , LTS 14.04 Setting I've been experimenting with MAAS, following https://insights.ubuntu.com/2013/11/15/interested-in-maas-and-juju-heres-how-to-try-it-in-a-vm/, using 14.04. I must done something wrong, as I am not able to bootstrap MAAS environment. Here is the relevant portion of my environment.yaml:
   maas:
        type: maas

    # maas-server specifies the location of the MAAS server. It must
    # specify the base path.
    #
    maas-server: 'http://10.0.0.10/MAAS/'

    # maas-oauth holds the OAuth credentials from MAAS.
    #
    maas-oauth: 'xxxxx...xxxxxx'
    admin-secret: '123456'
    default-series: 'trusty'

The target node is in ready state, as indicated in MAAS web gui, and I am able to ssh to it, ssh ubuntu@10.0.0.31. However, bootstrap gets stuck during login to the target node:

2014-05-15 16:36:43 INFO juju.cmd supercommand.go:297 running juju-1.18.1-trusty-amd64 [gc]
2014-05-15 16:36:43 WARNING juju.cmd.juju common.go:40 ignoring environments.yaml: using bootstrap config in file "/home/navesta/.juju/environments/maas.jenv"
2014-05-15 16:36:43 DEBUG juju.environs open.go:86 ConfigForName found bootstrap config map[string]interface {}{"bootstrap-addresses-delay":10, "ca-cert":"-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----\nMIICWTCCAcSgAwIBAgIBADALBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUwQjENMAsGA1UEChMEanVqdTEx\nMC8GA1UEAwwoanVqdS1nZW5lcmF0ZWQgQ0EgZm9yIGVudmlyb25tZW50ICJtYWF
...
2014-05-15 16:36:49 DEBUG juju.provider.maas environ.go:311 maas user data; 1315 bytes
2014-05-15 16:36:50 DEBUG juju.provider.maas environ.go:317 started instance "/MAAS/api/1.0/nodes/node-2ce27bec-dba9-11e3-940c-525400bba9bf/"
 - /MAAS/api/1.0/nodes/node-2ce27bec-dba9-11e3-940c-525400bba9bf/
2014-05-15 16:36:50 DEBUG juju.environs.bootstrap state.go:41 putting "provider-state" to bootstrap storage *maas.maasStorage
Waiting for address
Attempting to connect to hbby7.maas:22
Attempting to connect to 10.0.0.31:22
2014-05-15 16:36:50 DEBUG juju.utils.ssh ssh_openssh.go:122 running: ssh -o "StrictHostKeyChecking no" -o "PasswordAuthentication no" -i /home/navesta/.juju/ssh/juju_id_rsa -i /home/navesta/.ssh/id_rsa ubuntu@hbby7.maas /bin/bash
2014-05-15 16:36:50 DEBUG juju.utils.ssh ssh_openssh.go:122 running: ssh -o "StrictHostKeyChecking no" -o "PasswordAuthentication no" -i /home/navesta/.juju/ssh/juju_id_rsa -i /home/navesta/.ssh/id_rsa ubuntu@10.0.0.31 /bin/bash
2014-05-15 16:36:55 DEBUG juju.utils.ssh ssh_openssh.go:122 running: ssh -o "StrictHostKeyChecking no" -o "PasswordAuthentication no" -i /home/navesta/.juju/ssh/juju_id_rsa -i /home/navesta/.ssh/id_rsa ubuntu@hbby7.maas /bin/bash

Another symptom of my problem is that while my target node is in ready state, it will shut down upon restart. To avoid this problem, I have to put it in Allocated mode and restart it.
I have tried removing, re-commissioning and destroying the mass environment, to no avail.
(Also followed, Reset MAAS after loosing Juju configuration?, but APIs seems to have changed.)
Any hint or thought is appreciated.
Cheers,

So you should have your nodes in the Ready state before attempting to use Juju with them. Make sure that all of your VMs are set to Network Boot and are switched off. MAAS will power them on when needed (i.e. when Juju wants to deploy something to them).

One issue that you might be encountering is that Juju can timeout attempting to SSH to the nodes. You can configure the length of the timeout in your environments.yaml file. See Juju 1.18.0 release notes for further details.

juju juju.utils.ssh ssh_openssh.go ignores .ssh/config and
$ ssh <...> /bin/bash
needs an extra option -o "RequestTTY yes"

Seems in upstream there is a double -t to "solve" the issue but my suggestion would be to use .ssh/config


Ubuntu touchpad issues - mouse pointer jumps around I am having major issues with Ubuntu touchpad on a Dell Latitude 3570 Laptop.  If I use a USB mouse, everything works fine, but if I use a touchpad it is very hard to control.  For example, if I want to click on something that is in the middle of the screen, I click, but for some reason Ubuntu THINKS I have clicked at the bottom Left-Hand corner of the screen, and thus opens the rubbish bin.  It is REALLY making me angry.

I read somewhere that the following changes to synclient would fix it:

synclient FingerLow=9
synclient FingerHigh=10

These don't work.  And in any case as soon as I reboot the machine, synclient resets back to defaults (FingerLow=25, FingerHigh=30), so even if they did work I would have to set them every time I rebooted the machine!

Is there anything else I can try?  This is driving me insane.  For the sake of my sanity, please help me before I smash up my laptop.

As requested, xinput list gives me the following:

⎡ Virtual core pointer                           id=2   [master pointer  (3)]
⎜   ↳ Virtual core XTEST pointer                id=4    [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎜   ↳ DLL06F3:00 06CB:75DA Touchpad             id=12   [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎜   ↳ SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad                id=14   [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎜   ↳ USB Optical Mouse                         id=17   [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎣ Virtual core keyboard                         id=3    [master keyboard (2)]
   ↳ Virtual core XTEST keyboard                id=5    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Power Button                              id=6    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Video Bus                                 id=7    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Video Bus                                 id=8    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Power Button                              id=9    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Sleep Button                              id=10   [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Integrated_Webcam_HD                      id=11   [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ AT Translated Set 2 keyboard              id=13   [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Dell WMI hotkeys                          id=15   [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ DELL Wireless hotkeys                     id=16   [slave  keyboard (3)]

Well, following advice from user WinEunuuchs2Unix, I DID google this.  Apparently it is a major bug, has been since Ubuntu 14.04.  Anyway, on the bug report page, a guy called Juan Hernandez (juanhm) suggested that installing xserver-xorg-input-libinput worked for him.  I wanted to try this, so I typed:

sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-input-libinput

and I got a message about broken dependencies, but it also said that the above package depended on xserver-xorg-core, so I tried running:

sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-core

This installed a whole lot of xserver-xorg packages.  I then ran:

sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-input-libinput

and this time it worked.  Next I rebooted, and tried to run:

sudo apt-get remove --purge xserver-xorg-input-synaptics

but it had already been removed.  My touchpad in System Settings is now a very very simple dialogue, BUT the pointer doesn't seem to be jumping around anymore!  The only disadvantage I can see is that I can no longer tap the touchpad to click (I have to use the buttons), but I wasn't doing that anyway!

So I do believe this is now working!

The bug report page is here: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/xorg/+bug/1574667

I will update it to confirm that Juan Hernandez's suggestion worked.

I had the same problem with my computer. I went through the various fixes and found there are several reasons for the problem consequently several different possible solutions. I isolated the hard drive with no change. The problem was not in the HD. I isolated the bios and cashe with no change. The only thing left since I have a touch screen was the touch screen chip. To fix that I simple put my finger on the icon as it rested in the upper left corner of the screen and dragged it down to the centre of the screen. It worked for a few minutes then went back to the corner again. I used my finger on it again this time it stayed and has not acted erratic again. Hope this helps.


Ubuntu tweak tool - Mouse cursor would not change theme I tried to change the cursor theme from DMZ-White to DMZ-Black for my laptops. But it does not work for one of my laptop.

For that laptop, it does not work no matter I change the cursor theme in
- Ubuntu tweak tool,
- or changing it in gksu gedit /usr/share/icons/default/index.theme,
- or changing it in sudo update-alternatives --config x-cursor-theme

What else can be done to change it? Thanks in advance!

==edit==
sorry turns out that my mouse cursor is partially changed.... in the main content of firefox browser, the cursor is changed to black, however if the cursor is on the launcher / File/Edit/View bar, it is still white.

How come???

That is a known issue.
To change your cursor globally follow below instruction.

Open terminal and paste gksu nautilus hit enter then insert your password hit enter.

You will be now viewing nautilus as root. now go to file system on left panel.

Navigate to /usr/share/icons/default and open index.theme with your favorite text editor and change DMZ-White to DMZ-Black.

Or you can apply this change easily by executing the below command

sudo sed -ri 's/DMZ-White/DMZ-Black/g' /usr/share/icons/default/index.theme

And it's done! Either Reboot your computer or run the command to see the changes

compiz --replace

compiz --replace

(Enter above command at your own risk) - Just reset my Ubuntu 14.04 because this command broke my compiz. simply try log off or restart the computer. (also submitted as an edit)


Pencil and Pencil Project Package Naming Conflict I have installaed Pencil 2d animation software. which you can see at http://www.pencil-animation.org/

and I want to install the Pencil Project wireframing app which is totally different. I want to know how to install the application without naming conflict?

As the previous name directory in usr/share is used by pencil animation, I can't install the pencil wireframing at the same time, any solutions?

This issue still remains in Ubuntu 14.04 though it would appear that the pencil 2D animation may have changed the package name - see https://www.pencil2d.org/

Edit: It appears the naming conflict was resolved on Dec 8, 2016. Detail is here.

I haven't looked at the source for either of these, but if they allow specifying an install prefix (usually something like ./configure --prefix /opt/pencil-2d) then you could install them in a way that avoids them conflicting.

However, this is likely to be a problem that other people run into too, and it really should be fixed at the root. Pencil is clearly too generic a name. Ideally we should persuade one or both of the projects to use a less generic name. This is something that comes up every now and then, and the best long-term solution is upstream renaming.

If these were packaged for Debian/Ubuntu, they'd have to be modified to have different names (there can only be one /usr/bin/pencil), and store their data in different places. Other distributions would probably rename them differently, and then we end up with a situation where the applications behave differently on different distributions. This makes it harder for the upstreams to support their users.

So, it sounds like you need to talk to both of them, and get them to come up with less generic names. I suggest filing bugs with both, saying that the can't be co-installed with the other project. If the projects don't have a bug-tracker, mail their development mailing list / contact the authors however they like being contacted.


How to update ntpd to the latest version to patch the latest vulnerability? This week a new attack on the Network Time Protocol Daemon (ntpd) was demonstrated, see this paper. This could potentially wreak havoc with my HTTPS website or other time sensitive services I am running.

According to the article, to remain safe, clients and servers alike should run at least NTP version 4.2.8p4.

Running ntpd --version on my Ubuntu Server 14.04.3 LTS machine gives me ntpd 4.2.6p5 which is still vulnerable. This is even after running apt-get update, apt-get upgrade and apt-get dist-upgrade.

Apparently I can download the latest version from ntp.org myself. But I am unsure if this will conflict with my existing ntpd install done via apt-get. Also they only offer the download via HTTP and their method of ensuring authenticity is by using an MD5 hash checksum... I am looking forward to my NSA backdoored patch. I really wish people would use GPG signatures.

Does Ubuntu plan to release a security patch to upgrade ntpd to 4.2.8p4 any time soon? What will be needed to get the fix?
If I read the code and assumed the 4.2.8p4 version available for download on the ntp.org website was trustworthy, how can I install that without conflicts?

Install checkinstall, read man checkinstall and use checkinstall to keep track of the files installed.
Download, build and install the version of ntpd that you need, overwriting Ubuntu's. Check to see that you can make uninstall (by reading Makefile), or keep track of the files installed.
When Ubuntu updates ntpd to, or beyond, the desired version, return to the source directory and make uninstall. Then sudo apt-get install --reinstall ntpd should get you re-synchronized with the official version.

Note: I have not tried this, so I may be wrong.


What is the recommended widget toolkit for Ubuntu desktop? As I understand it, Qt - C++ and QML - or HTML5 are recommended for writing Ubuntu for Phones applications.

Also, correct me if I'm wrong, but Python is the preferred language for Ubuntu Desktop. Does this mean Python 3?

However, I can't find any documentation stating what widget toolkit, GTK+ or Qt, is preferred. Additionally, what version/generation of these is recommended? I don't know anything about recent Qt versions, but I know that GTK+2 and GTK+3 are distinct and different to code for. Am I to assume that if the preferred toolkit is GTK+, we're talking about GTK+3?

This page states that PyGTK is recommended. However, I can't tell what exactly this entails - does it mean that Python is recommended, GTK+ is recommended, or both, using PyGTK for GTK+ bindings?

The future:
Nothing has officially been declared. However, Canonical is pursuing a convergent strategy for its Ubuntu OS.  This suggests that in the future its SDK which uses the QML language (javascript like) and Qt toolkit will end up being the preferred choices for multiplatform development. The SDK should allow one application to scale to many form factors. It's also significant to note that Mir, the new compositing window manager they are developing will have Qt bindings by default.

Currently:
As things currently stand, development on the desktop is supported by almost any language and toolkit you'd like. However, Canonical recommends GTK+ 3.0 and python2.7 for beginners (despite old docs saying pygtk, it's really pygi - also known as python with gobject introspection).  The default python in Ubuntu is 2.7 not 3.0.  They have created a tool for developers called "quickly" that allows you to easily design, code, package and distribute your app. By default apps depend on pygi (GTK3) and the user interface is designed with Glade.

One thing you might notice with GTK3 and pyGI is that there aren't a lot of good documentation for it yet.  Here is a palce to get started, but it's missing a lot of stuff. I find that I can translate many of the C++ Gtk docs and the seed docs into the appropriate functions in python by some experimentation. Often if I can find out how to do it with the old pygtk, it's not too different in the newer pyGI.  Finally, you can always post to AskUbuntu or StackOverflow for help from the community.

Finally, ubuntu has some specific APIs to interact with Unity.  Check out the developer resources page for more info.

Ubuntu now recommends ubuntu toolkit . It is based on qt quick2 . The apps written in this toolkit will support all the ubuntu devices . Python and GTK will be available for desktop specific applications


Error: kernel headers not found. (But they are in place) I'm trying to install the Guest Additions in VirtualBox 4.04. Host OS is Ubuntu desktop 11.04 64bit, guest OS is Ubuntu server 11.10 64bit.

$ sudo ./VBoxLinuxAdditions.run

After some output this line is printed:

The headers for the current running kernel were not found.

But the headers are installed, at least accordingly to dpkg:

$ dpkg --get-selections | grep linux-headers
linux-headers-3.0.0-12            install
linux-headers-3.0.0-12-server     install
linux-headers-server              install

The running kernel is:

$ uname -a
Linux foobar 3.0.0-12-server #20-Ubuntu SMP Fri Oct 7 16:36:30 UTC 2011 x86_64 x86_64 X86_64 GNU/Linux

How do I fix things so that Guest Additions installer is able to find kernel headers?

Update: added full output.

The headers for the current running kernel were not found. If the module compilation fails then this could be the reason.

Building the main Guest Additions module ...done.
Building the shared folder support module ...fail!
(Look at /var/log/vboxadd-install.log to find out what went wrong)
Installing the Window System drivers ...fails!
(Could not find the X.Org or XFree86 Window System).

I don't care for fail #2, because that's a server and I don't need X server. But I need shared folder support.

Some further detail:

$ tail /val/log/vboxadd-install.log
..........
cc1: some warnings being treated as errors
make[2]: *** [/tmp/vbox.0/vfsmod.o] Error 1
make[1]: *** [_module_/tmp/vbox.0] Error 2
make: *** [vboxsf] Error 2

The message is misleading.

In my case it was actually missing dkms so before you install the addition run

sudo apt-get install build-essential linux-headers-`uname -r` dkms

I was getting the same errors as OP when trying to compile the VirtualBox Guest Additions v4.1.12 in various flavours of K/Ubuntu 13.04 guests.

Building the shared folder support module ...fail!

This is due to bugs (or unmet expectations) of the VirtualBox Guest Additions against various parts of the linux source (in the GUEST). Unfortunately Oracle chooses to link the VirtualBox Host version very closely to the VirtualBox Guest Additions version, so if there's a bug in the Guest Additions then you have to upgrade the Host at the same time.

I had the following virtualbox versions installed on the Ubuntu 12.04 LTS host:

virtualbox       4.1.12-dfsg-2ubuntu0.3
virtualbox-dkms  4.1.12-dfsg-2ubuntu0.3
virtualbox-qt    4.1.12-dfsg-2ubuntu0.3

As per instructions at:
    http://www.ubuntuupdates.org/ppa/virtualbox?dist=precise

I upgraded to 4.2.10-dfsg-0ubuntu2~ubuntu12.04.1~ppa1 using:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:debfx/virtualbox
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install virtualbox virtualbox-dkms virtualbox-qt
cd ~/.VirtualBox
http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/4.2.10/VBoxGuestAdditions_4.2.10.iso

Now the K/Ubuntu 13.04 guests can build and install their VirtualBox Guest Additions:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get install make gcc build-essential linux-headers-`uname -r` dkms
cd /media/VBOXADDITIONS_4.2.10_81404
sudo ./VBoxLinuxAdditions.run
sudo shutdown -r 0


Manual partition issues I'm trying to install Xubuntu through Unetbootin, but instead of asking me whether I want to automatically install the OS or manually partition it, it instantly goes to manual partition. Can I get some tips on how I can partition the system? (My drive is 64 GB.)
Thanks!

Install Xubuntu through UNetbootin
I have just installed Xubuntu 20.04 using a Live USB drive made with Unetbootin-700.
I used the Installation Type Option Erase disk and install Xubuntu and the
installation went as planned.
Manual partitioning was not required.

From Unetbootin menu select Install Xubuntu, (if 20.10 select Default, then Install Xubuntu).

From the installation menu select: Language, Keyboard, Network and Updates preferences.

From the Installation type Screen select Erase disk and install Xubuntu.

If you want LVM and Encryption or an Experimental ZFS, the select Advanced features.

Manual partitioning can seem intimidating but it actually is not, u primarily need 3 partitions

/root - this stores everything related to OS
/swap - this is more like the page file in windows
/uefi - The third thing is whether u will need a UEFI partition
but I believe that depends on how recent us PC / laptop build is
and whether it has UEFI

Below is a good link that might help u
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aGRQsONv0vA
Do let us know if u found success in this endeavour :)


will Ubuntu 14.04 automatically overflow onto second hard disk? I installed Ubuntu 14.04 on a Dell XPS 420 that has 2 hard disks of 750GB each.  There is still plenty of room on the first disk.  I am using it to store old photos and music so it will soon fill up.

The second disk wasn't formatted during the Ubuntu installation so I used GParted to format it in one volume as ext4, but then found I don't have permission to copy any files onto it as it belongs to Root.

If I keep going and fill up the first disk will Root Ubuntu automatically overflow my home folder with pictures and music onto the second disk please?  Otherwise is it ok to reformat the second disk as NTFS and store stuff on it but not in my home folder under music or pictures?

In the current configuration Ubuntu doesn't automagically use the free space on the secondary drive. There are multiple solutions to your problem. The easiest would probably be to make use of the ext4 file system you already created on it:

Attach or mount¹ the file system on the secondary disk, e. g. through Nautilus or Gnome Disks. By default it should then be mounted¹ to a directory in /media or /media/$USER, where $USER is your local login name. I'll refer to this directory, the mount point¹, by [mountpoint].
Now you need to transfer the ownership of the root directory of said file system to your user account. To that purpose open a terminal with a command interpreter (e. g. through the application Gnome Terminal) and type:

sudo chown "$USER:" [mountpoint]

As soon as you press Enter, you'll be asked to authenticate yourself with your account password (press Enter again), because the root directory of new file systems initially belong to the system.
You should now be able to access and write to that file system with your regular user account and without system-level or super-user¹ privileges.

¹ This term is the common technical term in the Linux and Unix world. I tried to explain it with more colloquial terms, so you grasp their meaning from the context.

Not by default. You should configure it that way using LVM at install time it you want that way.


Unable to find version: 4.2 while installing photoshop cs6 on playonlinux Steps:

Downloaded photoshop cs6 and extracted it.
Went to playonlinux > Graphics > Photoshop CS6
On browse, linked the set-up.exe and clicked on next to install photoshop

But I got the following error:

  Error in POL_Wine_InstallVersion
  Unable to find version: 4.2

None of the tutorials I find online have mentioned this issue related to 4.2.
Also, they seem to use old wine and it seems to work just fine.

Please help.

My system info is:

Laptop Model: Dell Inspiron i7 7559
Ubuntu 18.04.2 LTS
Memory: 7.7 GiB
Processor: Intel® Core™ i7-6700HQ CPU @ 2.60GHz × 8
Graphics: GeForce GTX 960M/PCIe/SSE2
GNOME: 3.28.2
OS type: 64-bit

I got the same error so I added the repository in order to download the latest version of PlayOnLinux.

How to update PlayOnLinux?

wget -q "http://deb.playonlinux.com/public.gpg" -O - | sudo apt-key add -
sudo wget http://deb.playonlinux.com/playonlinux_maverick.list -O /etc/apt/sources.list.d/playonlinux.list
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install playonlinux

It then updated Wine and downloaded and installed the necessary dependencies for me.

However it didn't work first time, I then had to go to the following link to get the updated installer.
https://www.playonlinux.com/en/app-2316-Adobe_Photoshop_CS6.html

I now have it running on PopOs 18.10.  Shame the pressure sensitivity on my tablet doesn't work but hey, you can't have it all.


Big ugly icons in notification area Possible Duplicate:
  How to revert to GNOME Classic?

I'm using Ubuntu 11.10, with Gnome classic DE and Ambiance theme.
I really like it, but one thing is driving me crazy - there are big ugly icons in notification area.

I tried with different icon packs without success.

How can I change their size, to have ~height as Skype and WIFI icon?

Well thats because you changed the theme, try to change another theme. The icons sets are different from theme to theme.


snap daemon proxy with authentication I'm having trouble getting snap to use a proxy with authentication.
I've tried configuring the snapd.service to setup the environment (http_proxy/https_proxy) and also used /etc/environment to do the same, as was suggested in these threads:

How to install snap packages behind web proxy on Ubuntu 16.04

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/snapd/+bug/1579652

http://paste.ubuntu.com/p/K8VncJv4vp/

It connects to the proxy but does not use the credentials specified in the URL

http://username:password@proxyURL:port

Has anyone gotten around this?

I've been stuck in the same situation but I've solved it.

Set your proxy in /etc/envirnment (or export http_porxy="http://username:password@proxyURL:port")
Check it with bash echo $http_proxy
sudo snap set system proxy.http=$http_proxy
sudo snap set system proxy.https=$http_proxy

With that configuration I could pass the proxy with authentification.

Snap service is configured to use special environment file, so you can just add http_proxy variable to it if your current environment variables are not picked up by the snap.

Open file:

sudo vim /etc/sysconfig/snapd

Add:

http_proxy=http://127.0.0.1:3128
https_proxy=http://127.0.0.1:3128

https://askubuntu.com/a/1110040/757551