How can I install Kubuntu on a Virtualbox with a dynamic hard drive? When I try to install Kubuntu on my Virtualbox, it says that there isn't enough space:

I think this is because I chose to have a dynamically allocated VDI hard drive. Is there any way to install it onto the VDI i've created?

How to install Ubuntu on VirtualBox? doesn't solve it because I know how to install, I just get stuck at the instalation of Kubuntu because it doesn't think the disk is big enough (I even tried formatting, and it was still saying less than 1 MB).

I'm not sure you can. However, you can create a dynamically allocated VHD instead.

Here is how to create it:

Click settings, and then Storage and click Controller: SATA. Then click the Blue square with a green +.

Click Create new disk:

Chose VHD and click Next:

Chose Dynamically allocated, and click next:

Chose a name, a size and click Create:

You will be able to install Kubuntu on this, it detects it as a full sized HDD. And don't worry about wasting space with the old VDI - you can either remove it, or just ignore it - mine is 3.1 MB.


Bluetooth mouse keeps disconnecting I am running 17.04 with 4.10.0-38-generic kernel.

My MX Master 2S connected with USBBT2EDR4 (StarTech) keeps coming and going with connectivity, here's a sample of dmesg showing the cycle of a few disconnections and reconnections:

[ 1441.324052] Bluetooth: hci0 command 0x0401 tx timeout
[ 1441.324064] Bluetooth: Inquiry failed: status 0x1f
[ 1448.140086] Bluetooth: hci0 command 0x2005 tx timeout
[ 1449.182541] usb 3-1: USB disconnect, device number 7
[ 1449.556089] usb 3-1: new full-speed USB device number 8 using xhci_hcd
[ 1449.698553] usb 3-1: New USB device found, idVendor=0a5c, idProduct=21e8
[ 1449.698556] usb 3-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
[ 1449.698558] usb 3-1: Product: BCM20702A0
[ 1449.698560] usb 3-1: Manufacturer: Broadcom Corp
[ 1449.698561] usb 3-1: SerialNumber: 00190E195555
[ 1449.813550] Bluetooth: hci0: BCM: chip id 63
[ 1449.829537] Bluetooth: hci0: BCM20702A
[ 1449.830536] Bluetooth: hci0: BCM20702A1 (001.002.014) build 0000
[ 1449.830549] bluetooth hci0: Direct firmware load for brcm/BCM20702A1-0a5c-21e8.hcd failed with error -2
[ 1449.830551] Bluetooth: hci0: BCM: Patch brcm/BCM20702A1-0a5c-21e8.hcd not found
[ 1449.970495] Bluetooth: hci0 advertising data length corrected
[ 1450.963771] input: MX Master 2S as /devices/virtual/misc/uhid/0005:046D:B019.0010/input/input22
[ 1450.964499] hid-generic 0005:046D:B019.0010: input,hidraw3: BLUETOOTH HID v0.03 Keyboard [MX Master 2S] on 00:19:0E:19:55:55
[ 1457.452133] Bluetooth: hci0 command 0x0401 tx timeout
[ 1457.452146] Bluetooth: Inquiry failed: status 0x1f
[ 1465.132181] Bluetooth: hci0 command 0x2005 tx timeout
[ 1465.309928] usb 3-1: USB disconnect, device number 8
[ 1465.684176] usb 3-1: new full-speed USB device number 9 using xhci_hcd
[ 1465.826659] usb 3-1: New USB device found, idVendor=0a5c, idProduct=21e8
[ 1465.826662] usb 3-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
[ 1465.826664] usb 3-1: Product: BCM20702A0
[ 1465.826666] usb 3-1: Manufacturer: Broadcom Corp
[ 1465.826667] usb 3-1: SerialNumber: 00190E195555
[ 1465.937885] Bluetooth: hci0: BCM: chip id 63
[ 1465.953893] Bluetooth: hci0: BCM20702A
[ 1465.954866] Bluetooth: hci0: BCM20702A1 (001.002.014) build 0000
[ 1465.954880] bluetooth hci0: Direct firmware load for brcm/BCM20702A1-0a5c-21e8.hcd failed with error -2
[ 1465.954882] Bluetooth: hci0: BCM: Patch brcm/BCM20702A1-0a5c-21e8.hcd not found
[ 1466.096880] Bluetooth: hci0 advertising data length corrected
[ 1467.091357] input: MX Master 2S as /devices/virtual/misc/uhid/0005:046D:B019.0011/input/input23
[ 1467.092190] hid-generic 0005:046D:B019.0011: input,hidraw3: BLUETOOTH HID v0.03 Keyboard [MX Master 2S] on 00:19:0E:19:55:55
[ 1905.455944] Bluetooth: hci0 command 0x0401 tx timeout
[ 1905.455951] Bluetooth: Inquiry failed: status 0x1f
[ 1913.136032] Bluetooth: hci0 command 0x2005 tx timeout
[ 1913.313226] usb 3-1: USB disconnect, device number 9
[ 1913.688046] usb 3-1: new full-speed USB device number 10 using xhci_hcd
[ 1913.834275] usb 3-1: New USB device found, idVendor=0a5c, idProduct=21e8
[ 1913.834277] usb 3-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
[ 1913.834279] usb 3-1: Product: BCM20702A0
[ 1913.834279] usb 3-1: Manufacturer: Broadcom Corp
[ 1913.834280] usb 3-1: SerialNumber: 00190E195555
[ 1913.950225] Bluetooth: hci0: BCM: chip id 63
[ 1913.966254] Bluetooth: hci0: BCM20702A
[ 1913.967237] Bluetooth: hci0: BCM20702A1 (001.002.014) build 0000
[ 1913.967254] bluetooth hci0: Direct firmware load for brcm/BCM20702A1-0a5c-21e8.hcd failed with error -2
[ 1913.967255] Bluetooth: hci0: BCM: Patch brcm/BCM20702A1-0a5c-21e8.hcd not found
[ 1914.107231] Bluetooth: hci0 advertising data length corrected
[ 1914.117239] Bluetooth: hci0 advertising data length corrected
[ 1915.139439] input: MX Master 2S as /devices/virtual/misc/uhid/0005:046D:B019.0012/input/input24
[ 1915.139593] hid-generic 0005:046D:B019.0012: input,hidraw3: BLUETOOTH HID v0.03 Keyboard [MX Master 2S] on 00:19:0E:19:55:55

What can I do?

Installing bluez-hid2hci fixed this issue for me.

I came across this thread in searching for a similar issue on a Thinkpad Yoga 11e with any bluetooth mice I tried using stock Gnome. Mouse would work, freeze for a few seconds, and usually start working again (sometimes they would just die until a reboot). Installed a bunch of different bt-managers and still got the errors below in journalctl:

Jun 14 10:01:17 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: new full-speed USB device number 117 using xhci_hcd
Jun 14 10:01:17 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: device descriptor read/64, error -71
Jun 14 10:01:17 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: device descriptor read/64, error -71
Jun 14 10:01:17 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: new full-speed USB device number 118 using xhci_hcd
Jun 14 10:01:17 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: device descriptor read/64, error -71
Jun 14 10:01:18 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: device descriptor read/64, error -71
Jun 14 10:01:18 <computername> kernel: usb usb1-port2: attempt power cycle
Jun 14 10:01:18 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: new full-speed USB device number 119 using xhci_hcd
Jun 14 10:01:18 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: Device not responding to setup address.
Jun 14 10:01:19 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: Device not responding to setup address.
Jun 14 10:01:19 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: device not accepting address 119, error -71
Jun 14 10:01:19 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: new full-speed USB device number 120 using xhci_hcd
Jun 14 10:01:19 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: Device not responding to setup address.
Jun 14 10:01:19 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: Device not responding to setup address.
Jun 14 10:01:19 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: device not accepting address 120, error -71
Jun 14 10:01:19 <computername> kernel: usb usb1-port2: unable to enumerate USB device
Jun 14 10:01:34 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: new full-speed USB device number 121 using xhci_hcd
Jun 14 10:01:34 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: device descriptor read/64, error -71
Jun 14 10:01:34 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: device descriptor read/64, error -71
Jun 14 10:01:35 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: new full-speed USB device number 122 using xhci_hcd
Jun 14 10:01:35 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: device descriptor read/64, error -71
Jun 14 10:01:35 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: device descriptor read/64, error -71
Jun 14 10:01:35 <computername> kernel: usb usb1-port2: attempt power cycle
Jun 14 10:01:36 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: new full-speed USB device number 123 using xhci_hcd
Jun 14 10:01:36 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: Device not responding to setup address.
Jun 14 10:01:36 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: Device not responding to setup address.
Jun 14 10:01:36 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: device not accepting address 123, error -71
Jun 14 10:01:36 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: new full-speed USB device number 124 using xhci_hcd
Jun 14 10:01:36 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: Device not responding to setup address.
Jun 14 10:01:36 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: Device not responding to setup address.
Jun 14 10:01:37 <computername> kernel: usb 1-2: device not accepting address 124, error -71
Jun 14 10:01:37 <computername> kernel: usb usb1-port2: unable to enumerate USB device

Turning the mouse off stopped the messages, so pretty sure it was the culprit of the repeated messages.

Install blueman
Run blueman-manager
Setup your bluetooth mouse as you regularly would
Most important part : Click on Trust Device.


BCM4352 Wireless network card issues with lubuntu 14.04 LTS Just got a new laptop with Windows 8 on which I installed Lubuntu, but Lubuntu does not recognize my Broadcom Corporation BCM4352 Wireless Network Adapter. I Googled the web and went through a couple of tutorials but nothing seems to work.
I think before I try anything else I need to remove all the things that I installed from the tutorials I went through (dkms, bcmwl-kernel-source-dw1550.deb, bt-dw1550-firmware_0.1.all.deb, etc.)
Is there a way I can uninstall everything I installed after Lubuntu? In other word, is there a way to revert-to-default post installation state?

There is a dell laptop that has drivers for this card. Link to thread here.

What I did:

1) First download and extract the .tar.gz file from here.

2) Then in debs/main/ folder install (double click in GUI or use dpkg -i in cmd) linux-headers-3.5.0-30.51~precise1_all.deb (the 12.1MB one).

3) Next go back to the debs/ folder and install the bt-dw1550-firware_0.1_all.deb

4) Install bcmwl kernel source by: sudo aptitude install bcmwl-kernel-source

5) Finally restart and WiFi should be working like normal

Not managed to get the integrated bluetooth to work only just this second got WiFi to work and came across this thread as I was searching for help. If anyone finds a way to get bluetooth to work please do tell! :)

As of today, this network card is not supported.


Why is my WiFi disabled in Ubuntu? I'm using ubuntu 18.04, and sometimes wifi will be disabled and display a blank page in network settings. I've tried

$ ping 8.8.8.8
connect: Network is unreachable

and

$ nmcli device
DEVICE           TYPE      STATE        CONNECTION
wlp3s0           wifi      unavailable  --

and

$ sudo lshw -class network
*-network
       description: Ethernet interface
       product: RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller
       vendor: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd.
       physical id: 0
       .
       .
       .
*-network DISABLED
       description: Wireless interface
       product: QCA9377 802.11ac Wireless Network Adapter
       vendor: Qualcomm Atheros
       physical id: 0
       .
       .
       .

and

$ sudo iwconfig wlp3s0
wlp3s0    IEEE 802.11  ESSID:off/any
          Mode:Managed  Access Point: Not-Associated   Tx-Power=20 dBm
          Retry short limit:7   RTS thr:off   Fragment thr:off
          Encryption key:off
          Power Management:on

and

$ rfkill list all
1: phy0: Wireless LAN
    Soft blocked: no
    Hard blocked: no
3: hci0: Bluetooth
    Soft blocked: yes
    Hard blocked: no

I'm trying to reinstall fireware-realtek and several other drivers manually:

$ sudo modprobe -r rtl8723de && sudo modprobe rtl8723de

But nothing changes. When I run a wlp3s0 scan...

$ sudo iwlist wlp3s0 scan | grep ESSID

I get the following:

 wlp3s0    Interface doesn't support scanning: Network is down

So I try to turn it on...

$ sudo systemctl stop NetworkManager
$ sudo ip link set wlp3s0 up

And get the error:

RTNETLINK answers: Input/output error

So the only way that I can access the wifi is reboot.

Had this problem today after updating a week or so ago then putting my laptop away for a while.

Pulled out my laptop and wifi wasn't working.  Same outputs for the same commands.

If you run the software updater again it should fix your problem (which is annoying if you only have wifi).

If you can, connect to ethernet to get this done.  If not, plug your phone into your pc and enable USB tethering (if your phone has the option).

Running the software updater whilst connected via USB tethering fixed this problem for me.

It seems the last update invalidated the drivers for the wifi cards?  I'm not sure.

I had the same problem and I read infinite Answer and questions. But the solution is very very easy, if you really are experimenting a WiFi networking hard blocking.
Here the solution:

First check with
sudo lshw -class network

a response like that (may changes but it is important that you see the wi-fi adpater):
*-network DISABLED
       description: Wireless interface
       product: QCA9377 802.11ac Wireless Network Adapter
       vendor: Qualcomm Atheros
       physical id: 0

Turn off your laptop and remove physically the battery pack.

After a while reinsert the battery and the power supply.
When you enter in Ubuntu again in network settings you can see that is possible to set your WiFi.


Should I always restart the system when I see "System restart required"? These two nice SE posts (1, 2) comment on restarting one's ubuntu machine but they leave me with a few questions:

How do you actually do the restart (I'm a beginner and using 12.04.1 LTS)?
Should I always restart the system when prompted to?
Does restarting the system affect access to it via SSH or there any other caveats one needs to think about before doing this?

Should I restart when prompted?

Yes, you should. For most cases, a restart is required when an update to the Linux kernel has been installed. These updates are usually security updates, and then only come into effect after a reboot. Updates to normal applications such as Firefox come into effect after you restart the program. Firefox should prompt you to do this automatically, but other programs may not, so it's something to bear in mind.

How to restart:

To restart the computer in Ubuntu 12.04, click the power icon in the upper right corner of the screen, and select "Shut down...". In the dialog that appears, a "Restart" button should be visible. In Ubuntu 12.10, the restart option appears in the power menu directly.

Where is the restart option?

To restart from the command-line, run this command:

$ sudo reboot

The downsides of restarting:

On the whole, restarting is a very safe operation, and I would not consider it in any way unsafe. Of course, when you restart the computer, you lose all the information in RAM, so make sure you save all open documents and files before shutting down your computer. While you are restarting, your computer will of course be offline for a few minutes. If you're running a server, it will be down for a few minutes. If you have an open SSH session, it will be terminated.

Always try to Restarting the pc after ubuntu updates, install drivers and some application that wants to restart the OS(ubuntu).

when new updates are installed or driver is installed these wants to restart the OS for working performance and properly use.

Normal application or package don't need to restart the OS after installed.


Upgrade from 12.10 to 13.04 failed, now neither Software Center nor Software Updater will open The update to 13.04 was offered, I accepted but it failed. Now neither Software Centre nor Updater will open. SC opens for a second then closes; Updater tells me:

Failed to load the package list
This is a serious problem. Try again later. If this problem appears again, please report an error to the developers.
E:The package defoma needs to be reinstalled, but I can't find an archive for it.

This isn't the first time I have had problems with software sources on 12.10. Both my desktop and laptop stopped getting updates and I resolved the issue by following solutions online involving cleaning and updating the package lists. I have followed various solutions this time but without success.

I am currently downloading the ISO for 13.04. Can I update with this or can it only be used for a clean install? I would rather upgrade and keep my apps.

HELP!

Yes, you can upgrade with the ISO, you have both options upgrade (keeping your apps) or clean install. But you need to be connected to the web to be able to upgrade, use an ethernet cable instead of wifi if you can.


How do I install Linux to a bootable USB stick? I don't mean to create a bootable Live USB stick that has some persistent storage, I mean to actually install Ubuntu on a USB stick and be able to boot up from this on any computer.

I've managed to create a bootable Live USB stick that isn't a full-blown installation with my own user account and data and everything, and also managed to install Ubuntu on the USB stick without being able to boot up from the USB stick, but I have not managed to accomplish both at the same time so far.

EDIT: This answer also only gives me the "managed to install Ubuntu on the USB stick without being able to boot up from the USB stick" problem that I have already encountered :(

EDIT 2: And all the answers about using Unetbootin only give me the "bootable Live USB stick that isn't a full-blown installation" that I have also encountered.

use unetboot software.it is availabe for both windows and linux.


Windows 7 + Ubuntu 12.04 + Invalid EFI file path + Boot repair + Grub many entries I've a ASUS N56VZ with Intel Core i7 - 3610QM, with Win 7 Home Premium x64 pre-installed. This computer come with EFI instead of the traditional BIOS.

When I bought it, I had 3 visible partitions. C (System) - with windows and programs; D (Data) - in blank, I store my personal data and movies; E (Recovery) - software from ASUS to recovery computer.

So, as I'm at a Master's Degree in Computer Science, I needed to install Ubuntu. I made a partition from Win 7, reserving around 35 GB for Ubuntu 12.04.

It went fine, and the install was sucessful. I rebooted and I could get into Ubuntu.
The boot showed 4 entries: 2 for Ubuntu, and one for Windows and one, for Windows Recover.

When I tried to enter Windows 7,  "Windows 7 (loader)", I got this message:

error: Invalid EFI file path.
Press any key to continue...

The one for recovery couldn't boot either.

So I get in Ubuntu again, and use repair-tool, which insert new entries on GRUB. Now I have 11 entries!

One of the new entries is called "Windows UEFI loader". The old entry "Windows 7 (loader)" continued to not work. This new one, "Windows UEFI loader", got me into Windows. And I stooped here.

I want a single boot manager with just the two needed options.

I think that this isn't perfect, but I don't know how to solve it.

More, if I'm on Windows 7 and I put it to hibernate, when I turn on the computer, I get a black screen and the message saying that it couldn't restaure the session. (I'm not sure about the exact words. - I was oblied to reboot and start the windows again.)

And this is a major concern. I would like to solve this too.

Here is the link after running the boot-repair:

http://paste.ubuntu.com/5591789/

This one I made it today, with boot-repair and asking for Boot info summary:

http://paste.ubuntu.com/5593329/

The Boot Repair tool is increasingly making a hash of things by creating too many backup copies of too many boot loader files. There are numerous ways to solve this problem. Here's one of them:

Back up your EFI System Partition (ESP), which is /dev/sda1 in your case and is mounted at /boot/efi. A file-based backup (using tar or cp, for example) should do fine. This will enable you to recover should things go badly.
Install my rEFInd boot manager. This is most easily done by installing the Debian package.
Reboot. rEFInd should appear and show you boot options for Ubuntu and Windows.
Test each of the rEFInd options in turn, taking note of the filename specified under each and what it does. (A few may lack such filenames. One with a Windows icon will probably be one of these, but it will probably launch GRUB.) Be sure you can boot both Linux and Windows from rEFInd.
In Linux, open a shell and change to the /boot/efi directory, which is the EFI System Partition (ESP), where boot loaders are stored.
Delete the boot loaders that didn't work when you tested them, or copy them into a backup location (say, /boot/efi/backups). Do likewise with duplicates -- if two boot loaders both launched GRUB, for instance, you can delete or move one of them.
Move the boot loader that actually launched Windows (if it was identified by filename in rEFInd's main menu) to /boot/efi/EFI/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi. This is where it's supposed to belong. Boot Repair copied it to another filename, so you're just copying it back.
If you can boot Linux directly via a vmlinuz-3.5.0-23-generic entry, you can probably delete GRUB, or uncomment the dont_scan_files line in /boot/efi/EFI/refind/refind.conf and add grubx64.efi to its list.

If all goes well, you should now be booting via rEFInd, which should present you with a much smaller list of boot options. If there are still too many, you can try to track down the errant files and delete them, if you think that's appropriate, or use the dont_scan_files, dont_scan_dirs, or dont_scan_volumes options in /boot/efi/EFI/refind/refind.conf to keep the remaining items out of the boot list. Such "blacklisting" might be helpful to keep links from /vmlinuz to /boot/vmlinuz-3.5.0-23-generic out of the boot list, if your system has such a symbolic link.

Note that rEFInd scans for boot loaders on every boot, so it will automatically pick up new kernels when you install them.

If you prefer to keep using GRUB, you can do something conceptually similar to my procedure, but you'll need to peruse the /boot/grub/grub.cfg file and cross-reference this to your notes on which boot loader entries work and which don't work to discover which files to delete. You'll then need to use update-grub to re-write your grub.cfg file. Your current grub.cfg file also has BIOS-mode entries for launching Windows, which are useless, and I'm not sure how to keep update-grub from picking them up, if indeed that's how they got in there.

Good luck!

You just need to edit your /boot/grub/grub.cfg to remove the useless entries.

You can use the gksudo gedit /boot/grub/grub.cfg command for this.


Cannot see GRUB GUI dual boot I used to have Ubuntu 18.04 along with Windows 10, then decided to format all my hard drive for a clean installation of Ubuntu 20.04 and Windows 10.
I deleted all partitions and erased the old boot entries using efibootmgr then installed Windows first with no problems. After installing Ubuntu my laptop would start with a black screen that said "Booting in insecure mode" but after a few seconds that should dissapear and show the GRUB menu. It doesn't show any menu it only stays with the secure boot warning until the GRUB countdown finishes or I select a boot option and press enter.
That means GRUB is actually working. I tried adding "nomodeset" to "quiet splash" with no success.
I also changed the boot order with grub-customizer and it worked so I can select the OS I want to boot.
Here's my /etc/default/grub file, I changed GRUB_TIMEOUT_STYLE="hidden" to "menu" in order to be able to select my boot options.
GRUB_DEFAULT="0"
GRUB_TIMEOUT_STYLE="menu"
GRUB_TIMEOUT="10"
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR="`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash nomodeset"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="i8042.nomux=1 i8042.reset"

I'm using UEFI.
Ps: Sorry for my bad English!

I tried installing Ubuntu 18.04 and GRUB worked without any problem. I guess there was some compatibility issues with the newest version on my laptop that gave me a lot of headaches.
So in case anyone else is having this same issue and tried all the solutions mentioned without success, try going back to 18.04 or the version you had before.
Found someone with a similar problem here
Thank you all for your help!

To fix this change:
GRUB_TIMEOUT_STYLE="menu"
To
GRUB_TIMEOUT_STYLE="shown"
Then type in the terminal sudo update-grub2
If this doesn't work reply and I'll try and fix this


Can I copy my wubi install between machines? I mostly run Ubuntu via wubi on my computer. I recently got a new one. I installed wubi onto there as well but rather going through the hassle of configuring everything anew, since the whole wubi disk is essentially a single file can I not just simply copy it to the new machine?

A quick look at the file structure indicates that I would just copy the c:\ubuntu\disks folder from my old machine and overwrite it on my new one and I'll be good to go. Is this accurate?

Yes - I've done it. It's not totally straightforward though. For instance if you had a custom graphics driver on one machine, but not the new machine, you'll have display problems. And the second thing is that the grub bootloader remembers the partition and uuid of the current machine and these will have to be modified.

Make sure you haven't got custom drivers installed (or remove them if you have)
Make sure you installed the same Ubuntu release on the new machine
Load the install on the new machine, when you see the grub menu press 'e' on the first entry and note xxx and yyy:

set root=(xxx) e.g. (hd0,msdos2)

linux /boot/vmlinuz.... root=yyy e.g. /dev/sda2 or UUID=nnnnnnn
Copy the root.disk over to the new machine
Boot into Ubuntu but only as far as the grub menu

Press 'e' on it's first entry and change the values you see with the xxx and yyy from your new install. Also delete the line starting search --no-floppy .... Then press Ctrl X to boot.
After it boots, drop to a terminal (Ctrl Alt T) and run sudo update-grub to fix the grub menu.

That's all there is to it.

PS if you're familiar with partitions, you don't need to 'complete' the reboot and 2nd phase of the install on the new machine. Just finish the windows part of the install, and copy the root.disk and swap.disk into the \ubuntu\disks folder, and then reboot, modifying the partition values. But if you're not sure what these are, just complete the install (make it 5GB in size since you'll be trashing it). In that case you can ignore the swap.disk.

EDIT: another neat thing you can do with a root.disk file... migrate it to a normal Ubuntu install on the same or another machine (same caveats on custom drivers applies).

Yes,if the machines have the same specs you dont need to do anything more than just installing Ms windows OS and wubi, then replace disks folder with a saved copy.


cannot turn on keyboard backlight I am using ASUS UX303 LN, Laptop and Ubuntu Gnome 14.04 is installed on it. I cant find a way to turn on my keyboard backlight on it. The keyboard shortcut that works in windows is not working here. Please help

To enable the backlight:

echo 2 | sudo tee /sys/class/leds/asus::kbd_backlight/brightness

The 2 at echo 2 | can be changed to a value between 0 - 3, with 3 being the brightest.

To disable the backlight, enter:

echo 0 | sudo tee /sys/class/leds/asus::kbd_backlight/brightness

The path may vary depending on laptop model and your OS. For example Lenovo Thinkpad L390 running Manjaro has /sys/class/leds/tpacpi::kbd_backlight/brightness. You can use find to see the correct path:

find /sys/class/leds -name '*kbd_backlight'

You can easily update kernel using "Ukku Kernel Update Utility" https://github.com/teejee2008/ukuu Updates to 5.x kernel solve all my problem on Asus UX433F (backlight, sound).


How do I clear everything (data, viruses) from a thumbdrive? Say I used some thumbdrive on a public Windows computer and I copy some data to my Ubuntu computer with it. I cannot be completely sure that the Windows computer was clean, and it might have put something onto my thumbdrive. Is there a way to erase everything on a USB-Stick, even MBR viruses and that kind of off-filesystem stuff?

You can use good old Linux tool dd to do this.

To do so:

First open a terminal with pressing Ctrl+Alt+T.
Then type sudo blkid in the terminal.
Very carefully and closely examine the output.

[sudo] password for anwar:
/dev/sda1: UUID="63c6fb01-aac4-4d38-b29e-5a5780a98d12" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/sda2: LABEL="Main" UUID="A80C1BD70C1B9F7E" TYPE="ntfs"
/dev/sda5: LABEL="Work" UUID="01CCB271A80A07E0" TYPE="ntfs"
/dev/sda6: LABEL="Edubuntu" UUID="364126ac-01c9-4dd2-ab19-eecc733a9640" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/sda7: LABEL="Windows" UUID="5A8C72C98C729EE7" TYPE="ntfs"
/dev/sda8: UUID="312d4cd9-21a9-4c0d-aa34-26230e70fa89" TYPE="swap"
/dev/sdb1: UUID="E87F-1D12" TYPE="vfat"

Look at the last line with /dev/sdb1. That is the USB drive which is formatted with Fat (vfat) file system. Note that, the USB drive has only one partition which is named /dev/sdb1. If it had other partitions, they would have been named as /dev/sdb2 ... and so on. The USB drive itself is named /dev/sdb, Note that, it doesn't have a 1, 2 or any number after sdb
Then execute this command to replace all of the data in the USB drive with  0.

sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdX bs=1k count=2048

I intentionally haven't given the original /dev/sdb in the command, so that new users do not accidentally mess up their system. Replace the USB drive name found in step 4 in the above command.

This should give you a clean USB. You need to create at least one partition to use the USB after this operation.

Creating partition on the empty disk

To create a new partition on it, You can use parted program. I'm giving an example of creating a partition in a complete raw disk. Our USB disk is 2GB (~2048) in size. We assume, it's device name is /dev/sdb. You can check your device name with the command sudo lsblk (you have to guess the correct device by looking at size and etc).

First we need to eject the USB after the last command and re-insert it.
Then we need to create a partition table on the disk. We are going to create a partition table of type msdos, sometimes known as Master boot record.

sudo parted /dev/sdb mklabel msdos

Then you are adding an empty "primary" partition, which will hold a Fat file system later.

sudo parted -a none /dev/sdb mkpart  primary fat32 0 2048

We specified the start point (from 0 MB) to the end point (2048 MB), though actually the disk may not have full 2048 MB space, but don't worry, parted will adjust it automatically. Note we are creating a single, primary partition on the whole disk. But you can create multiple partition on it. (Though it is not recommended, because Windows will only recognize the first partition).

This newly created partition will have the id /dev/sdb1
Then finally create a Fat filesystem on the /dev/sdb1 partition by doing formatting.

 mkfs.vfat -n "Disk" /dev/sdb1

We are creating a fat filesystem on /dev/sdb1 partition with the name "Disk".

That's it. You have now a new clean USB disk with a fat partition.

Note, you can also use the Disk-Utility program to create partition and Format it with Fat.

Using Disk-utility

Press Super key and Type "Disk utility" in it.

In the Disk utility window, Select the USB drive in the "Peripheral devices" section.

You may need to unmount the drive first.

Then click on the "format drive" button

Select partition table type from the new window. Select "Master boot record".

After you created the new partition table. The disk utility window will look like this

Click on "Create new partition" button.
Select "Partition type" and optionally type a name for the partition.

The partition will be created within 4-5 seconds and you will have a clean USB disk afterwards.

Using Gparted

First you need to install gparted, if you haven't done so yet. You can install it by clicking this link : gparted  or using this command in a terminal

sudo apt-get install gparted

Then open gparted by typing "gparted" in the dash. To open dash, press Super key which also known as "Windows" key.

Then select the USB device from the drop down menu in right. It should be like /dev/sdb, /dev/sdc etc. Please take special care for not to select /dev/sda, because it is the device your OS is installed. You should only select it, if you know what are you doing.

After selecting the USB device, (which is in my system, /dev/sdb) , see whether any of it's partition is mounted. You can see a key icon in the mounted partition entry and the mount point of that partition.

Unmount any partition mounted partition on that device. To unmount, select the partition → Right click → Select unmount from the menu.

Then going to gparted menu → Devices → select Create partition table to overwrite and create a new partition table on the selected device.

A new window will be shown Warning you to the action going to be done. The default partition type is "msdos" and I strong suggest you not to change it, if you do not know. Also check another time that, you indeed selected the right device. Then Click Apply button.

After clicking Apply button, the device will be absolutely empty. No partition and no data.

Then  select the unallocated space → Right Click → Select new to create a new partition.

In the create new partition dialog box, select Create as "primary", File system as "fat32" and click on the Add button. Optionally, you can also give a name to this partition.

After you click Add button, gparted will show you a preview of the device if you apply the changes. There will be a light green tick mark icon in the toolbar. You need to click that icon to apply change. There is also an Undo button, you can use it, if something goes wrong at any step.

After applying the changes, gparted will show you a message saying "All operations have been completed successfully".

Now you are done with it.

Using new Disk-utility (12.10)

Ubuntu 12.10 is now equipped with a new Disk utility. It uses new udisks2 program as backend.

First open the new Disk-Utility by typing "Disks" in the Dash. Bring the dash by pressing Super key

After opening the Disks (former disk-utility) program. Do these

Select the externel disk
Unmount the disk if it is already mounted.

Then select the partition and delete it by pressing the "Stop" play icon.

Repeat this step if you have more than one partition on the disk until all partition has been deleted.
After all partition has been deleted, the disk will now only contain Free space. You can now create a partition by clicking the small + icon.

Select the type as "FAT", give a label and push the "Create" button to create a partition.

Your disk is now containing a partition. You can mount the partition by pressing the "Play" icon. You can directly browse the location of the mounted drive by clicking the link with label "In use, Yes"

You're done.

Windows virus files in a pen drive are visible in Linux. Just delete all the files that you do not know of. Check all the folders to be sure. I have been using this technique successfully since a long time. This way, you can even retain your data.


Gedit 3.6.1, how to increase the number of recent files from its default of 5? Ubuntu 12.10, gedit 3.6.1

This won't work:

gconftool-2 --type int --set /apps/gedit- /preferences/ui/recents/max_recents 30

Modifying this file as root won't work either:

cat /usr/share/glib-2.0/schemas/org.gnome.gedit.gschema.xml |grep rece -C 1

EDIT: there is nothing at gconf-editor either.

Is it hard coded? In order to increase the number of recent files in gedit from its default of 5 will I need to find, "fix" and recompile gedit with the answer here?

Using the dconf-editor, this value can be found in the schema under org.gnome.gedit.preferences.ui. The value that you want to change is called max.recents.

dconf-editor can be installed from USC here:

or from a command line using: sudo apt-get install dconf-tools

Cant make recent files higher than 10 anymore. Use gedit-plugins and enable Quick Open workaround described below:
Can't increase the number of recent documents in gedit


Is there any system restore in Ubuntu like Windows? I followed the instructions that in Install gnome 3.8 in Ubuntu 13.04 and then after restarting many programmes stopped working and fails to start like Rhythombox / Cairo dock / Totem / Weather / Empathy

Is there any way to cancel what I did or remove installed packages?
They're a lot of packages (about 90 MB) and I can't purge them because I can not remember them all.

You can get the list of recently installed packages that were installed via apt-get or Software Center by following command:

cat /var/log/dpkg.log | grep "\ install\ "

you can see all the packages from it and then remove them.

Backup any data that you want.
Shut down your PC.
Insert installation disk/usb turn on PC.
Bring up boot menu, set to boot from CD-ROM/USB.
set to delete the other ubuntu/ delete partition.

this is the ubuntu equivalent of a system restore.


14.04LTS not booting, ..timer error I recently got given an old server from a friend, and have been attempting to set it up as a plex media server.

So I installed Ubuntu Server 14.04LTS (Long story short, 16.04LTS and the server GPU don't play nice). Here's the issue: When I power on the server it posts, brings up the Ubuntu selection screen, then, no matter if I choose recovery mode or normal, it freezes mid-boot, on the following error:

..TIMER: vector=0x30 apic1=0 pin1=2 apic2=-1 pin2=-1

The OS boots in a different (desktop) PC, but for some reason hates the server
I've tried google and /r/techsupport, but no help there. Although I've got a fair bit of experience in desktop computers, servers, terminal OS's and linux in general are fairly new to me.

I can list any other specs I need, but this is what I though would be important.
Help me internet, I need my media streams!

Try disabling ACPI on boot by pressing e in the boot menu (grub2) and add acpi=off at the end of the line starting with linux.

You're not the only one to experience ACPI hangs...  ;-)


How do I enter Polish characters? I just installed Ubuntu 12.04 and... I've got a problem :) I'm living in Poland, so I want to write texts in polish with polish chars such as ąćęłńóśźż, too. Unfortunately, it's impossible. We write polish chars by pressing AltGr and chosen key (e.g.: AltGr + A = ą, AltGr + X = ź, AltGr + C = ć, etc.), but when I press AltGr, it isn't like pressing AltGr, it's like pressing Alt - I can open menus with their mnemonics, and I can't enter polish chars. I've got, of course keyboard layout set to Polish.

And btw. - in Oneiric there was everything OK...

So my question is: how to fix it?

Open "System Settings" and then "Keyboard Layout". Check that there is a Polish layout in the list of keyboard layouts on the left of the window. If there isn't, click the "+" button at the bottom left and add it.

If you have more than one keyboard layout added, you also need to check that you're currently using the right one. When more than one keyboard layout is added, a keyboard symbol with a two letter country code should appear in the bar at the top of the screen. Click this icon and select the polish layout. The icon in the bar should then show the letters "pl" next to the keyboard symbol.

By adding a polish layout to my settings, I can type ą, ź and ć without a problem.

From the "Keyboard Layout" settings page, you can also check that the selected layout is as you expect. With the polish keyboard layout selected, click the small keyboard icon at the bottom left of the window. This should show you a diagram of your keyboard showing which letter can be typed with which key.

Check that the Polish characters are where you expect them to be and that the AltGr key is labelled something like "Level3 ..."

If you already have installed Polish language pack, try Super+Shift+Space or Super+Space.
This would switch current keyboard layout if there's more than one installed.


How do I fix an error with libc6-dev-armhf-cross in Ubuntu 18.04 when trying to apt upgrade? Today while attempting to upgrade based on Ubuntu Software suggestion, I see the following errors. This is the first time I see this error. My 18.04 system has been working just fine for many months now.

Any help is appreciated.

$ cat /etc/lsb-release
DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu
DISTRIB_RELEASE=18.04
DISTRIB_CODENAME=bionic
DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS"

$ sudo apt upgrade
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
The following packages will be upgraded:
  libc6-armel-cross libc6-armhf-cross libc6-dev-armel-cross libc6-dev-armhf-cross
4 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 0 B/5,871 kB of archives.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
(Reading database ... 388166 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libc6-dev-armel-cross_2.27-3ubuntu1cross1.1_all.deb ...
Unpacking libc6-dev-armel-cross (2.27-3ubuntu1cross1.1) over (2.27-3ubuntu1cross1) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/libc6-dev-armel-cross_2.27-3ubuntu1cross1.1_all.deb (--unpack):
 unable to open '/usr/arm-linux-gnueabi/lib/Mcrt1.o.dpkg-new': No such file or directory
No apport report written because the error message indicates an issue on the local system
                                                                                Preparing to unpack .../libc6-armel-cross_2.27-3ubuntu1cross1.1_all.deb ...
Unpacking libc6-armel-cross (2.27-3ubuntu1cross1.1) over (2.27-3ubuntu1cross1) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/libc6-armel-cross_2.27-3ubuntu1cross1.1_all.deb (--unpack):
 unable to open '/usr/arm-linux-gnueabi/lib/ld-2.27.so.dpkg-new': No such file or directory
No apport report written because the error message indicates an issue on the local system
                                                                                Preparing to unpack .../libc6-dev-armhf-cross_2.27-3ubuntu1cross1.1_all.deb ...
Unpacking libc6-dev-armhf-cross (2.27-3ubuntu1cross1.1) over (2.27-3ubuntu1cross1) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/libc6-dev-armhf-cross_2.27-3ubuntu1cross1.1_all.deb (--unpack):
 unable to open '/usr/arm-linux-gnueabihf/lib/Mcrt1.o.dpkg-new': No such file or directory
No apport report written because the error message indicates an issue on the local system
                                                                                Preparing to unpack .../libc6-armhf-cross_2.27-3ubuntu1cross1.1_all.deb ...
Unpacking libc6-armhf-cross (2.27-3ubuntu1cross1.1) over (2.27-3ubuntu1cross1) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/libc6-armhf-cross_2.27-3ubuntu1cross1.1_all.deb (--unpack):
 unable to open '/usr/arm-linux-gnueabihf/lib/ld-2.27.so.dpkg-new': No such file or directory
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
                                                              Errors were encountered while processing:
 /var/cache/apt/archives/libc6-dev-armel-cross_2.27-3ubuntu1cross1.1_all.deb
 /var/cache/apt/archives/libc6-armel-cross_2.27-3ubuntu1cross1.1_all.deb
 /var/cache/apt/archives/libc6-dev-armhf-cross_2.27-3ubuntu1cross1.1_all.deb
 /var/cache/apt/archives/libc6-armhf-cross_2.27-3ubuntu1cross1.1_all.deb
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

I was able to cleanly solve this problem with a variation of the approach used by Gen.Stack. The problem with the accepted solution is that it removes dependencies  of the packages in question but fails to restore them. This solution prevents that problem.

First, remove the problem packages and purge their configuration without removing dependencies:

sudo dpkg -P --force-depends libc6-armel-cross libc6-armhf-cross libc6-dev-armel-cross libc6-dev-armhf-cross

Clean the package cache:

sudo apt clean

Update the package listing:

sudo apt update

Fix broken dependencies (should automatically install two of the removed packages):

sudo apt -f install

Finally, install the remaining two packages:

sudo apt install libc6-dev-armel-cross libc6-dev-armhf-cross

This will bring your system back into working order.

I got the same error when install libc6-dev-armel-cross_2.27-3ubuntu1cross1.1_all.deb and libc6-armel-cross_2.27-3ubuntu1cross1.1_all.deb package, and run

apt -f install

didn't work.  I downloaded the libc6-dev-armel-cross_2.27-3ubuntu1cross1_all.deb and libc6-armel-cross_2.27-3ubuntu1cross1_all.deb from the Ubuntu packages mirror and install them with

dpkg -i *.deb

and it solved my problem.


How do I make the Unity launcher completely transparent? Before anyone jumps the gun and votes to close this, I am not asking how to make it "see-through", which you can adjust in CCSM by setting the Opacity to 0%.

I'm asking the following: How can you make the launcher COMPLETELY transparent?

I have both the Launcher and Top Panel set to 0%. As you can see, the Top panel is completely transparent. But, the Launcher is...well, not. Even though I set it to 0%, it is far from transparent. I'm assuming this has to do with the Chameleon coloring.

Whenever I have the Launcher on top of another window, it is transparent, but with the line on the side that separates the Launcher from the window. I did ask this in another question to see if it was possible to remove that. If anyone has an answer to remove that, let me know, but that's not quite what I had in mind.

TL,DR: I want to make it so that the Launcher is really Transparent.

(Incomplete answer but might be a clue):

Perhaps messing with the launcher color might make this possible?

Where does Unity store the chameleonic launcher/dash color?
How to change launcher opacity / transparency?

I'm pretty sure there are some png files that need changing in /usr/share/unity/themes or 6 directory.  I'm still digging around.  They definitely have some sort of basic background color to retain the hazy feel.  I want my black to be true black and my transparency to be true transparency.  Once I find the file I'll try to point it out but you should be able to open it in gimp & just delete the whole graphic so it's an empty file of the same size. I've been doing that with the launcher icon files in the /usr/share/unity/6/ folder to get the glow removed.  I'm thinking the actual launcher background is in the themes folder but I'm still checking it out.


Why does Ubuntu keep asking me for another super user's password? I have two users:

misha-local (the first user I created when installing Ubuntu)
misha (a user authenticated against an LDAP server)

I'm logged in as misha.

misha@misha-antec:~$ whoami
misha
misha@misha-antec:~$ groups
lmd adm cdrom sudo dip plugdev lpadmin sambashare

As you can see, misha is an admin user. However, when I do anything requiring superuser access in the GUI (like installing software), I get this:

Why is it asking me for the password for misha-local? The current user also has administrative privileges. Why doesn't it ask for the current user's password instead?

EDIT

This is an Ubuntu 14.04 desktop installation.

Some more relevant command-line output:

misha@misha-antec:~$ id misha
uid=13009(misha) gid=10000(lmd) groups=10000(lmd)
misha@misha-antec:~$ id misha-local
uid=1000(misha-local) gid=1000(misha-local) groups=4(adm),24(cdrom),27(sudo),30(dip),46(plugdev),108(lpadmin),124(sambashare),1000(misha-local)

misha@misha-antec:~$ whoami
misha
misha@misha-antec:~$ groups
lmd adm cdrom sudo dip plugdev lpadmin sambashare
misha@misha-antec:~$ groups misha
misha : lmd

This is odd. groups is reporting that misha is part of sudo and adm, but id and groups misha reports the opposite. What's going on?

EDIT 2

misha@misha-antec:~$ id -run
misha
misha@misha-antec:~$ id -un
misha
misha@misha-antec:~$ ps -A | grep nscd
8622 ?        00:00:02 nscd

You need to add the user misha to the sudo group

Add a user to the sudo group:

sudo adduser <username> sudo

The change will take effect the next time the user logs in.


sudo: apt-get: command not found When I run apt-get update as root user it's working well, but not working for apt-get install build-essential manpages-dev (showing apt-get command not found).

Try simulating the command without doing anything else, in order to get only the command's error messages:

sudo apt update
apt install --simulate build-essential manpages-dev

If there are no error messages, try running the commands as root without the --simulate option.

sudo apt update
sudo apt install build-essential manpages-dev

You first login as root user, then try this one,

apt-get update;

apt-cache search package name;

It will show the proper package name,
Then you can install it through the apt-get install package name.
https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=291651


Installing HP Deskjet on Chromebook using Ubuntu? I have an HP Chromebook 14 and have bought an HP Deskjet Ink Advantage 1515 which cannot be installed on Chrome OS. Can I use Ubuntu to install the printer on my Chromebook?

Actually , yes you can do this. It will take some set-up, but it is possible. I've done this to my own Hp 14 Chromebook. I should say that I'm not particularly using the HP deskjet 1515, but I'm using the HP photosmart 5180. Instead of typing out the entire process, I will enter links for you in chronological order of doing this.

Installing Ubuntu on Chromebook via CROUTON method. (Nevermind the Minecraft steps at end.
A little extra information/Pay attention to Unity,Crouton etc.
GitHub, CUPS,CROUTON set-up with HP
You'll need to install Gedit if your moving on to step 5 with
A little further for setting up CUPS start-up. Look at Bweinel's answer

These are the links I have saved from my set-up a few months ago. Hope this helps you out. And here's a link to my own Askubuntu question, from when I was having trouble getting the printer to connect.

You can't. A computer running Ubuntu won't be able to install and set up a printer on a different computer, especially not one that uses a different operating system. If Chrome OS doesn't support your printer, blame Google's developers.


List of Ubuntu Versions with Corresponding Linux Kernel Version Is there a list of Ubuntu versions with default corresponding Linux kernel versions somewhere?

I would specifically like to know the most recent version of Ubuntu that still used Linux Kernel 2.x.

20.10   Groovy Gorilla    5.8
20.04   Focal Fossa       5.4
19.10   Eoan Ermine       5.3
19.04   Disco Dingo       5.0
18.10   Cosmic Cuttlefish 4.18
18.04   Bionic Beaver     4.15
17.10   Artful Aardvark   4.13
17.04   Zesty Zapus       4.10
16.10   Yakkety Yak       4.8
16.04   Xenial Xerus      4.4
15.10   Wily Werewolf     4.2
15.04   Vivid Vervet      3.19
14.10   Utopic Unicorn    3.16
14.04   Trusty Tahr       3.13
13.10   Saucy Salamander  3.11
13.04   Raring Ringtail   3.8
12.10   Quantal Quetzal   3.5
12.04   Precise Pangolin  3.2+
11.10   Oneiric Ocelot    3.0
11.04   Natty Narwhal     2.6.38
10.10   Maverick Meerkat  2.6.35
10.04   Lucid Lynx        2.6.32
09.10   Karmic Koala      2.6.31
09.04   Jaunty Jackalope  2.6.28
08.10   Intrepid Ibex     2.6.27
08.04   Hardy Heron       2.6.24
07.10   Gutsy Gibbon      2.6.22
07.04   Feisty Fawn       2.6.20
06.10   Edgy Eft          2.6.17
06.06   Dapper Drake      2.6.15
05.10   Breezy Badger     2.6.12
05.04   Hoary Hedgehog    2.6.10
04.10   Warty Warthog     2.6.8

16.04, 18.04, and 20.04 are the only currently supported releases (as of Aug 18, 2020).
This lists the kernel version that ships with Ubuntu, but new minor versions may be installed during the Ubuntu installation if updates have been released since.

For all this info except the kernel version you can just read the CSV provided by distro-info-data package:
$ column -t -s, /usr/share/distro-info/ubuntu.csv | head

version    codename           series    created     release     eol         eol-server  eol-esm
4.10       Warty Warthog      warty     2004-03-05  2004-10-20  2006-04-30
5.04       Hoary Hedgehog     hoary     2004-10-20  2005-04-08  2006-10-31
5.10       Breezy Badger      breezy    2005-04-08  2005-10-12  2007-04-13
6.06 LTS   Dapper Drake       dapper    2005-10-12  2006-06-01  2009-07-14  2011-06-01
6.10       Edgy Eft           edgy      2006-06-01  2006-10-26  2008-04-25
7.04       Feisty Fawn        feisty    2006-10-26  2007-04-19  2008-10-19
7.10       Gutsy Gibbon       gutsy     2007-04-19  2007-10-18  2009-04-18
8.04 LTS   Hardy Heron        hardy     2007-10-18  2008-04-24  2011-05-12  2013-05-09
8.10       Intrepid Ibex      intrepid  2008-04-24  2008-10-30  2010-04-30

Also available for debian.csv.
Probably with a curl/awk magic you could generate the kernel column from https://packages.ubuntu.com/-series-/kernel/ bit.


How to display time in the top panel? I thought I already had the time up there in the top bar, and it may have been so in previous Ubuntu versions (don't remember, my Ubuntu laptop is just one of three computers I use). Only that I just noticed - me being someone who never wears a watch, has the cellphone turned off 95% of the time and relying on the computer to tell the time - that there is no time being displayed anywhere, and I had expected it in the top bar on the Unity desktop.

I searched around but found no obvious solution, but I'm sure someone immediately knows how I can get my time (back?) into the top bar?

The time is shown by default, so it looks like you've changed something to make it disappear.

Do you still see the date? Right-click the date, select "Time & Date Settings", go to the "Clock" tabsheet, make sure that "Show a clock in the menu bar" is checked.

If you don't see the date, go to System Settings, where you'll also find the "Time & Date" settings.

There is no longer a "Time & Date" setting in System Setting - Ubuntu 12.10 - but this link describes how to enable these on the display:

(note: dconf-editor is already installed by default)

How to make the date appear next to the time indicator in Gnome Classic?

Open the terminal and run the command killall unity-panel-service


Ubuntu 12.10 64 bit not working I have recently installed ubuntu 12.04 64 bit on my desktop that I use for testing hard/software. It was working fine. Trying the 12.10 version gives me blank screen with only the mouse pointer moving. PC is the same in both cases and hd is wiped clean in both cases before installation. Any thoughts why?

Have you by any chance been downloading Graphics card drivers ? I had this probrlem with ubuntu 12.10 and I had to uninstall the proprietary 'fglrx' driver for AMD/ATI and this solved it?

Just a thought?


pip commands are not working I tried running pip commands, for example: pip install tweepy. I'm getting these errors:

Could not install packages due to an EnvironmentError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: 'idnadata.py'
Consider using the `--user` option or check the permissions.

You are using pip version 18.0, however version 18.1 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'pip install --upgrade pip' command.

Does anyone know how to solve this?

You should be using sudo with pip install, so instead of

pip install foo

It becomes

sudo pip install foo


Windows 7 side by side with Ubuntu I have Ubuntu already installed. I wanted to get windows 7 as well, I followed the instructions I was given, to partition my hard drive and to format it to a NTFS for Windows but now When I try to boot from HDD I only get Windows. I am seeing that I was (if done right) to get a GRUB menu at start you, so I may pick which one I would to start up.
I would much thankful of your help, also I have no issue with having to flash my hard drive and start from scratch.

The ideal thing would be to install Windows first then Ubuntu, allowing Grub to give you the option to choose where you want to boot. but not all is lost, you can still install Grub and it is fairly simple.

The first thing you are going to do is boot into your live Ubuntu environment (cd, flash drive).

Then you are going to install boot repair

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair

Once you do this you will will click the first button "Recommended repair"

Once you do this you should be able to restart and remove your bootable image and Grub should be back and you should be able to boot into Windows or Ubuntu.

Windows likes to overwrite the grub.  You should always install Windows first and then Ubuntu.  Just reinstall Ubuntu and you should be able to access both operating systems.


I can't install XFCE ( xubuntu desktop) I tried sudo apt-get install xubuntu-desktop.
It turned out like this:

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 xubuntu-desktop : Depends: gtk2-engines-pixbuf but it is not going to be installed
                   Recommends: abiword but it is not going to be installed
                   Recommends: abiword-plugin-grammar but it is not going to be installed
                   Recommends: abiword-plugin-mathview but it is not going to be installed
                   Recommends: brltty-x11 but it is not going to be installed
                   Recommends: gimp but it is not going to be installed
                   Recommends: gthumb but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

Anyone knows what this means and how to fix it ?

PS: If I have installed Xubuntu-desktop, how can I remove the Unity?
Thank you.

`

Seems like you had a broken update or software install so either your apt-cache is messed up or your dpkg isn't getting a lock. First try

sudo dpkg --configure -a

Then:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get autoclean
sudo apt-get clean
sudo apt-get autoremove
sudo dpkg --remove -force --force-remove-reinstreq broken-packagename

Optionally to remove unity:

sudo apt-get purge ubuntu-default-settings

sudo apt-get purge ubuntu-desktop

sudo apt-get autoremove

Have you tried installing the base xfce desktop package called "xfce4"? Installing that will install the base xfce desktop, without all of the extra packages used by Xubuntu (eg, gnome-dependencies, xubuntu artwork, etc). This way you wouldn't have more than one text editor, update manager, cd burner, audio player, etc (because thay are all required by Xubuntu).

After installing XUbuntu , you can remove Unity by

sudo apt-get autoremove --purge unity unity-common unity-services unity-lens-\* unity-scope-\* unity-webapps-\* gnome-control-center-unity hud libunity-core-6\* libunity-misc4 libunity-webapps\* appmenu-gtk appmenu-gtk3 appmenu-qt\* overlay-scrollbar\* activity-log-manager-control-center firefox-globalmenu thunderbird-globalmenu libufe-xidgetter0 xul-ext-unity xul-ext-webaccounts webaccounts-extension-common xul-ext-websites-integration gnome-control-center gnome-session


How do I extract the package version from debian/changelog? What's the most robust way to parse a source package's debian/changelog file (or debian/control?) to get the package's version number?  Something like:

pkgver=$(dpkg-parsechangelog | magic_goes_here)

I want to extract the version number (and only the version number) so that I can manipulate it in a script.

I was expecting to find a dpkg-* utility for this purpose, but I haven't found one yet.

If you have version 1.17.0 or later, you can use

dpkg-parsechangelog --show-field Version

No need to process the output further then. This version is currently (February 2014) available in Debian Testing.

as I have seen package version consists at header part of the changelog file. so you can do it like

pkgver=$(dpkg-parsechangelog | head

I have tried this command for installed packages, for example

aptitude changelog shutter | head

&

jai@frank-Jai:~$ aptitude changelog shutter | head
Get: Changelog of shutter
shutter (0.89.0-0ubuntu1) quantal; urgency=low

  * New upstream release.
   - Adds an AppIndicator (LP: #805464).
  * debian/control: Recommend libgtk2-appindicator-perl

 -- Andrew Starr-Bochicchio <a.starr.b@gmail.com>  Sat, 11 Aug 2012 17:36:18 -0400

shutter (0.88.3-1) unstable; urgency=low
jai@frank-Jai:~$


How do I extract the source MAC from a [UFW BLOCK] entry? I have the following UFW Block entry. How do I get the source MAC? I'm getting a ton from the same MAC=e8:11:32:cb:d9:42:54:04:a6:ba:22:f8:08:00 doing port scanning. If it matters, I'm using 12.04 LTS.

Feb  4 17:46:06 ChromeBox-Server kernel: [663960.096168] [UFW BLOCK] IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=e8:11:32:cb:d9:42:54:04:a6:ba:22:f8:08:00 SRC=123.129.216.39 DST=192.168.1.10 LEN=48 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x20 TTL=115 ID=49547 PROTO=TCP SPT=1535 DPT=22 WINDOW=65535 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0

MAC=e8:11:32:cb:d9:42:54:04:a6:ba:22:f8:08:00 can be broken up as

destination MAC (in this case this is the MAC address of your card, since it is an incoming packet): e8:11:32:cb:d9:42
source MAC: 54:04:a6:ba:22:f8
EtherType: 08:00

So if you want to programmatically extract the source MAC you can do something like this:

cat ufw.log | awk '{print $11}' | cut -d ':' -f7-12

It looks like your network settings may be using IPv6, as MAC=e8:11:32:cb:d9:42:54:04:a6:ba:22:f8:08:00 is an IPv6 address, probably that of your current network connection. A true MAC (Media Access Control) address would only be six groups of hex digits: aa:bb:11:12:34:56.

The teller in this is the DPT=22. They are trying to find open SSH ports. This is fine if you don't have port 22 open (which I generally don't recommend). If you do have/need port 22 open, I hope your username/password combo is robust. You might also want to check out something like Fail2Ban which will impose temporary blocks after a number of failed login attempts, including SSH logins.

If you're constantly getting port-scanned by the same IP - SRC=123.129.216.39 - set up a DENY or DROP rule in UFW for that IP. sudo ufw deny from 123.129.216.39


How to create animated GIF images of a screencast? I've seen animated GIF images of screen casts (like the one below) promoted a few times on this site as a way to improve answers.

What toolchain is being used to create these? Is there a program that does this automagically, or are people taking screencasts, converting them into a series of static frames, and then creating the GIF images?

Peek

Is a new application that lets you easily record GIF's from your screen.

Anyway, keep in mind that GIF's have a very limited color palette so it's not a very good idea to use them.

Since Ubuntu 18.10 you can install Peek directly.

sudo apt install peek

For older versions of Ubuntu, you can install the latest versions of Peek from its PPA.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:peek-developers/stable
sudo apt update
sudo apt install peek

Find more information in the GitHub repo.

This is the approach that I follow to record high-quality GIFs.

Record the screen with a screen recorder such as Obs.
Edit the video if necessary.
Convert the video to a GIF using GifTuna.


Wired internet connection stopped working For a few days I haven't been able to connect to internet through a wired connection on my Ubuntu 14.04 LTS. I have searched online for different solutions, but none seemed to work. Could someone please help me? Just tell me which files you would like to see in order to detect my problem and I will post them here.

eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 28:d2:44:22:92:ec
          inet6 addr: fe80::2ad2:44ff:fe22:92ec/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:43 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:306 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:8556 (8.5 KB)  TX bytes:58317 (58.3 KB)

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1
          RX packets:2212 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:2212 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
          RX bytes:225543 (225.5 KB)  TX bytes:225543 (225.5 KB)

wlan0     Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 0c:8b:fd:3e:60:5c
          UP BROADCAST MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:71517 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:52476 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:75661556 (75.6 MB)  TX bytes:7703598 (7.7 MB)

Can you please let's know whether this is a Laptop or PC,  if this is a laptop - then the Network driver might not configured or installed.

We can solve this issue by installing the proper network driver.

For this you need to download the latest drivers from the below URL,

http://linuxwireless.org/download/compat-wireless-2.6/

Once its download, open your terminal window - go to the download location and extract the download file.

tar -xvf compat-wireless-2012-07-03-p.tar.bz2

just execute the below command one after another,

cd compat-wireless-2012-07-03-p

scripts/driver-select alx

make

sudo make install

sudo modprobe alx

Now do a restart and check this resolves this issue,


"PlayOnLinux is not supposed to be run as root. Sorry" This is the exact message I get in terminal when running sudo playonlinux
Any help?
dps@dps-ubuntu:~$ sudo playonlinux
Looking for python... 2.7.15rc1 - wxversion(s): 3.0-gtk3
selected
1
PlayOnLinux is not supposed to be run as root. Sorry
Gtk-Message: 17:37:49.376: GtkDialog mapped without a transient parent. This is discouraged.

Don't use sudo to run PlayOnLinux. Running PlayOnLinux as root can give Windows programs running in PlayOnLinux root privileges, and expose your operating system to being hacked by the same Windows malware that infects these Windows programs when they run in Windows.

I did this and solve the problem
go to directory usr/share/games/playonlinux/lib
edit the file sources
change 0 to 10 in the condition ~if~
after, go to directory # usr/share/games/playonlinux/python
edit the file mainwindow.py
search for Root uid check
change the two values of 0 to 10
save and open the playonlinux


Is it possible to run Ubuntu installer from hard drive partition? I would like to prepare something like recovery partition on the PC hard drive. Such recovery partition should contain only Ubuntu installer, nothing more. It also should be bootable in any way, even without any other bootable operating system - I mean situation when boot loader like GRUB is not available.

It is quite easy to prepare such partition with MS Windows installer: it is just to create NTFS partition, give it a bootable flag, and copy Windows DVD content into it - no voodoo with bootloader required. Is it possible to achieve such setup for Ubuntu as well?

If not, I would also be glad to have such partition bootable from GRUB. I also know that it is easy to boot Ubuntu installer from USB stick, but recovery partition has one big advantage: it cannot be lost.

You always need some boot loader to boot.

BIOS boots from MBR, UEFI boots from efi partition.

But you can create backup bootable flash drives with just grub to boot any system anywhere on system or flash drive.

This will boot an ISO from a hard drive or any second drive
ISO Booting with Grub 2 from Hard drive - drs305

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Grub2/ISOBoot

Examples - you may copy & edit for your path & ISO version

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Grub2/ISOBoot/Examples

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1549847

I do above for my hard drive and all my flash drives (which my system sees as another hard drive). And each version of grub can boot multiple partitions or drives, with possible minor editing for correct location but not full grub rescue boot commands.

This is possible and pretty easy, if you have a little command line experience. I recently updated the Ubuntu help page about this.

Note that you should always keep a recovery DVD/USB handy, hard drive or grub corruption/failure will take your "recovery partition" with it.

You can also boot directly from an iso, which seems clever, but is easily broken if the file is moved/deleted, and also won't let you modify the partition it resides on. Best for trying out distros, not as a recovery partition.


Access Windows Partition with Read and Write Access from Ubuntu 18 I've installed Ubuntu 18.04 LTS alongside Windows 10. I can access the Windows partition and can read the files. But I can't create any files or folders in that partition. All the options for "Cut", "Move to" and "Rename" are greyed out. How can I have write access to the partition from Ubuntu?

The output for df -H command

The contents of fstab file

The output for sudo lsblk -o NAME,SIZE,FSTYPE,MOUNTPOINT,LABEL

There are two reasons that I can think of why you can't use your Windows partition. Windows often has an issue with hanging on to the partition if it is not shut down completely. Holding down the shift key while shutting down Windows should fix this problem. If you don't want to completely turn off your computer to boot into Windows to completely shut it down and reboot again, I'd check out this answer here.

However, since you are able to read it, this sounds more like a problem with permissions.
Go ahead and check out this article to find out how to mount your NTFS Windows partition to enable permissions. I'd also suggest checking out some of the other links that other users have been suggesting under your comments.

Then, open up your terminal and type up sudo nautilus and then left click on your Windows partition once the file manager pops up. Select Properties and then navigate to the Permissions tab. Then change the Owner and/or Group to your username. Then hit the Change Permissions for Enclosed Files... button on the bottom of the properties window. Then change the Files and Folders permissions to Read and Write for the Owner or Group, whatever you changed earlier.

You can also do the same thing all in the terminal with chown and chmod but that's another answer.


How to create a bootable USB stick on windows but to install on linux after a powr failure when upgrading to Ubuntu 12.10 I have a completely deficient system. It is read only and despite many attempts I failed to remount it read write, fsck and mount -o rmount, rw don't work, recovery mode does not work.
I am not experienced with linux and under time pressure because have to write a paper until tomorrow and have only this computer.

Thus I thought it was best to reinstall. I have downloaded the iso on my usb stick on another computer. However, I can't us my startup disk creator as my usb stick is not being recognized as the filesystem is read only. I don't have a bootable usb or disk around (I know that's stupid) and I have no one using linux nearby who could help me create the stick. They all have windows.

Thus my question: Can I create a bootable usb on a windows system but to install on a computer which has Ubuntu on it? The wuby client you can download for windows on the ubuntu site is .exe so it would be no use on a computer that has only linux on it?

Your best alternative would be to create a bootable USB, assuming you have access to the ISO.

Windows

The easiest way to create a bootable USB on Windows (in my opinion), is to use YUMI. It allows having multiple bootable systems on the same USB and it's easy to use as it can download the distro ISO for you.

Download YUMI and follow the instructions. Make sure you choose "Format this drive" but remember that this deletes all the data on the USB drive.

Ubuntu

You can create a bootable USB on Ubuntu aswell. You can either use the graphical interface, or the terminal. If your system is having troubles detecting the drive, you can go into the terminal and run the command sudo fdisk -l you may have to enter your password. This outputs a list of all the disks and their partitions. An USB drive usually looks like this:

> Disk /dev/sdb: 4.0 GB, 40007761920 bytes 64 heads, 32 sectors/track,
> 38154 cylinders
>
>   Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes Disk identifier:
> 0x00b4c6f2
>      Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
>   /dev/sdb1               1       38154    39069680   83  Linux

If the ID of the partition (/dev/sdb1 in this case) is set to "??" or if the System is set to "Unknown" this means that your partition is formatted in an unrecognized filesystem. You can reformat to FAT32 with the following commands, but please note that this erases all data on the drive.

sudo umount /dev/sdb (change /dev/sdb according to the results from before)
sudo mkfs.vfat -n ‘NEWDRIVE’ -I /dev/sdb (format the drive)
sudo mount /dev/sdb /mnt (mount the drive again)

Once the drive is recognized by your system, you can follow directions from the community wiki: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Installation/FromUSBStick

I believe this is what you're looking for Creating a bootable USB sitck on Windows


Installing Ubuntu 16.04 on hardrive of Ubuntu 17.04 need your help again!

I'm using ubuntu 17.04 right now alongside windows 7. I want to install ubuntu 16.04. How can I remove ubuntu 17.04 (I found some graphical issues here) and install 16.04 on that drive?

Thanks in advance!

this tutorial should help you a long way.

Edit:

Backup your files.
Delete the linux partition(s). most installs have a partition dedicated to  /, /boot and sometimes to /home. Delete the linux swap partition if present. Delete the bootloader partition if present.
Restore the MBR using a windows repair usb. This might differ slightly depending on your operating system.
There is now some unpartitioned space on your harddisk. You could grow your windows partition to span that empty space. (This might not be desireable if you have an ssd and use over provisioning.)


Nautilus bookmarks are missing since upgrade to 13.04 My bookmarks are not shown anymore after upgrading to 13.04 Raring ringtails and I can't add any new bookmarks. The function is not shown and the shortcut Ctrl+D isn't working either. Is this functionality just gone for some reason (as the split screen with F3) or is there something wrong with my upgrade?

Thanks for any hints.

Nautilus bookmark settings
To manage bookmarks go to the Files menu in the panel to open the Bookmarks dialog. There we may enter a name and a path of a bookmark to appear in the Nautilus left side panel in the Bookmarks section:

Bookmark an opened directory
Alternatively open the directory you want to bookmark. Then click on the cogwheel top right to select "Bookmark this Location" or press Ctrl + D.

To remove a bookmark select "Remove"" from the right click context menu on the bookmark.
All our bookmarks will also be displayed as a quicklist:

Manual approach and removing default entries
Those bookmarks are stored in an editable file in .config/gtk-3.0/bookmarks where we may manually (or programmatically) add and remove path entries which take effect immediately. The examples above resulted in the following file content:
file:///home/takkat/Documents/test
file:///home/takkat/Music
file:///home/takkat/Pictures
file:///home/takkat/Videos
file:///home/takkat/Downloads
file:///home/takkat/Documents/My%20Bookmark My Bookmark

in 13.10 I just realized that you can use CTRL+D...the shortcut is not presented in the menu but it works to create new bookmarks.


How do I stop a container box from expanding horizontally in Glade? Currently, when my button's label gets more characters, its container boxes resize horizontally, and push away the other containers next to it. I don't want this behaviour.
How do I give my boxes a fixed width, so that they don't get resized anymore when their child widgets get bigger?

Project: http://bazaar.launchpad.net/~robinj/gtkreddit/trunk/files

Add a button and select it
Go to the General tab on the right side and select "Add custom button content" (instead of the default "Configure button content" & "Label with optional image".

Add a label to the button.
Edit the details of the label (e.g "Ellipsize" = "End", "Maximum Width in Characters" = "15"). If you use glade to testdrive the application, it looks like this (the window in the middle):

For the label in Glade you can select Maximum Width in Characters in the General tab. I recommend you set that to a number such as 20 and then in your code take the first 17 characters of the text you want to display and then just append '...' so it user can see that it has been shortened. This will solve your problem.


18.04.1 steam says I can't make a partition on a drive without exec but I edited fstab I have previously edited fstab successfully to automount my extra HDDs, and I've updated it to include exec permission

rw,exec,user,auto,fmask=0177,dmask=0077,uid=1000

When I try to make a new installation point in Steam, it still says my HDD doesn't have exec permission. Anyone know why?

(edit) I also did a hard reboot after editing fstab
(edit) Put "exec" after "user", added guid=1000, added suid, nothing has worked.

I found the fix:

First run this command (change sdb1 to your disk):

ntsfix /dev/sdb1

Second, in /etc/fstab add this:\

UUID=7A9XXXXXXX /mnt/Data ntfs-3g uid=1000,gid=1000,rw,user,exec,umask=000 0 0


Ubuntu 16.04 doesn't see second monitor daisy chained through displayport I have two Dell U2414H monitors connected in chain to AMD R7 250X. Today I installed Ubuntu 16.04 and in settings I see only one monitor while screen is duplicated on second monitor.

Is there a way to make both monitors work in this config?

The Daisy Chain require Intel HD Graphics. Details in Dell's KB.


What's wrong with using sudo? In a comment here I've been told that unnecessarily using sudo should be avoided. While it wasn't needed in that particular case, I don't see any harm in using it.

I think that when executing trivial programs like cat as root using sudo, the overall risk of hitting a bug that would somehow compromise system security is very low.

So can someone please point out the possible implications, besides typing 4 more characters and a space?

The risk of a typo is more than the risk of a bug.

The risk of gaining a habit of "it doesn't work, stick sudo on it!" is much higher than the risk of a bug.

As a sysadmin who's seen people execute all sorts of random commands with sudo that didn't need them, I always caution against superfluous usage of sudo.

While cat isn't harmful, the habit that this encourages is.

There is nothing wrong with unnecessarily using Sudo. Sudo (in it's default configuration/purpose on Ubuntu) provides fully elevated privilidges. If a user has been granted those privilidges, they are his to exercise as he wishes (including unnecessarily!). However, using Sudo when it isn't needed raises the stakes. It's an unnecessary risk. A simple typo can become disasterous, and that is why most people avoid using elevated permissions when they aren't needed. However, just because it is common practice to avoid unnecessary Sudo usage, doesn't mean it's wrong to go a different way.
Sudo to your heart's content!

Within the context of AskUbuntu, I'm not at all surprised that you were instructed to avoid unnecessary Sudo usage. The purpose of this site is to allow experts to ask questions and get expert responses, but in reality there are lots of novice users on here, who know just enough to get themselves into trouble. It's common for posters to try and protect these users from themselves. Sudo abuse is common among novice users, because they don't really understand what is or does, nore take the time to learn. Also, this site prides itself on producing quality content. Unnecessary commands are inefficient, and therefore reduce the quality of a post.


Home and desktop got merged in Ubuntu 14.04 Home and Desktop got merged in my system. Means whatever I save in home gets automatically save on Desktop and if I delete anything from the desktop it gets deleted from home as well.

How can I get rid from this?

I found the solution from here: http://johnpoelstra.com/gnome-desktop-full-of-files-directories/

1.Open Nautilus

Press Ctrl+H to show hidden files.
Got to the .config directory.
Open the file ''user-dirs.dirs''
Find the line and make sure it reads as follows: XDG_DESKTOP_DIR="$HOME/Desktop" .
Save changes and exit editor.

I have not been able to test it myself but hoping to solve your problem.

Open terminal, go to home folder and do ls -al. This will show you if Desktop has somehow become symlink to home. If so, just delete Desktop folder in file manager and recreate it.


Copy function corrupt Using U10.10 - whether using Edit/copy, ctrl-c or right click copy in any program clipboard shows corrupt characters eg copying "characters" = -$ on clipboard.
Using Parcellite as clipboard manager now to see whats happening.
Have re-installed whatever comes up as "copy" in synaptic.  This problem is 2 weeks old and can not think of any particular cause.  Its most distressing as its on a vital machine.

did you think to review your environment for locale settings?


What is the correct way to fix an assertion in loadlocale.c? I have recently updated Ubuntu to 18.04. After this, issuing the command ld constantly failed with the following assertion:

loadlocale.c:129: _nl_intern_locale_data: Assertion `cnt < (sizeof (_nl_value_type_LC_TIME) / sizeof (_nl_value_type_LC_TIME[0]))' failed.

I have googled this problem and it looks like this is a well known issue. All of the solutions that I have read suggested fixing this using the following command:

export LC_ALL=C

See, for example, this one. However, doing so breaks fonts of the commentaries on my native language in VIM for example.

So, this solution is not suitable for me-. Are there any other ways to fix this issue?

As easy as:

export LC_ALL=C

and then run your command. LC_ALL works as a fallback if something is not set (like LC_TIME in your case)

I added this to my .bashrc and it fixed the issue for both Ubuntu 18 and 20 when I was having that same message with an old 32 bit gdb for an Arm cross compiler

export LANG=C


how can i upgrade and fix the ubuntu i have now? I was given an old HP Windows7 desktop.

It has NVIDIA GeForce 6150 SE graphics.

I deleted the windows partition and had installed ubuntu, then upgraded to 14.04 LTS.

In the current state, whenever I boot up and log in, the system crashes and the picture completely scrambles.

This happens at random; sometimes in the first two minutes, sometimes after a couple of hours. I would like to upgrade to the newest or best possible version without having this issue.

http://www.ubuntu.com/download?_ga=1.140316400.230636145.1461620304

^^ You can easily update to the next version of Ubuntu here ^^ (the most recent is 16.04)

If you still have your previous live disc or usb depending on what you used, you can simply renew your system and drivers up to what the live disc has without losing data. (the last option is or if some functions are not working properly)

Hope this helped!


Why is my root folder for apache not changing? I am trying to configure apache and I created a directory in /srv/www because I want my default root folder there instead of /var/www. I opened the config file in /apache2/sites-available (and properly linked the sites-enabled to this config file) and this is what it looks like:

<VirtualHost *:80>
        # The ServerName directive sets the request scheme, hostname and port that
        # the server uses to identify itself. This is used when creating
        # redirection URLs. In the context of virtual hosts, the ServerName
        # specifies what hostname must appear in the request's Host: header to
        # match this virtual host. For the default virtual host (this file) this
        # value is not decisive as it is used as a last resort host regardless.
        # However, you must set it for any further virtual host explicitly.

        serverAlias extracurricular.com
        ServerAdmin lleeoo66@extracurricular.com
        DocumentRoot /srv/www/extracurricular.com

        # Available loglevels: trace8, ..., trace1, debug, info, notice, warn,
        # error, crit, alert, emerg.
        # It is also possible to configure the loglevel for particular
        # modules, e.g.
        #LogLevel info ssl:warn

        Options FollowSymLinks
        AllowOverride None

        Options Indexes FollowSymLinks Mult

iViews

        AllowOverride None
        Order allow,deny
        allow from all

        ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
        # Possible values are: debug, info, not ice, warn, error, crit, alert, emerg
        LogLevel warn
        CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/extracurricular.com_access.log combined

</VirtualHost>

My ip to my vps is: http://192.99.246.96/

It is just bringing me to the /var/www folder and not /srv/www/extracurricular.com (my domain name). Why is this?

P.S. I have a simple index.html in my /extracurricular.com directory

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerName  extracurricular.com
    #serverAlias www.extracurricular.com
    ServerAdmin lleeoo66@extracurricular.com
    DocumentRoot /srv/www/extracurricular.com

    <Directory "/srv/www/extracurricular.com">
            Options FollowSymLinks MultiViews
            AllowOverride All
            Order allow,deny
            Allow from all
            DirectoryIndex index.php index.html index.htm
    </Directory>

    ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
    # Possible values are: debug, info, not ice, warn, error, crit, alert, emerg
    LogLevel warn
    CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/extracurricular.com_access.log combined
</VirtualHost>


How do I remove Steam? Anyone know of a way to remove Steam from Ubuntu 12.04? Looked around the net but could not find an straight forward solution.    Thanks.

You can use Ubuntu Software Center to uninstall or Open Terminal and execute the following command:

sudo apt-get remove steam steam-launcher

Purge Steam Perfectly with Configuration files with the following:

sudo apt-get purge steam steam-launcher

Never forget to delete its directory located at home folder:

rm -rf ~/.local/share/Steam && rm -rf ~/.steam

I've searched an other way to uninstall it if you have the package .deb.
You do secundary click, select open with and choose Installer GDebi package, wait still that charge and after click uninstall all


How do I install Ubuntu to a USB key? (without using Startup Disk Creator) If you are hurrying to reply, System → Administration → StartUp Disk Creator -- no, that's not what I'm talking about.

I want to try Ubuntu 11.04's Unity without touching my existing Ubuntu install.

To do this, I need to install the nVidia drivers first (sigh).

To do this, I need changes to persist a reboot.

To do this, I need to really install Ubuntu on a USB key.

How do you do that?

What I tried

I tried to make a USB key from Testdrive, then boot from it, then choose "Install Ubuntu." The installer refused to install to the installation media itself.
I tried, from my installed copy of Ubuntu:

sudo kvm /dev/sdb --cdrom .cache/testdrive/iso/ubuntu_natty-desktop-i386.iso

...but the installer didn't detect the disk properly.

Ubuntu/Linux solution
1. Obtain latest image
You should do this with testdrive .

Note. If your key is smaller than 4.4 GB (for Ubuntu 11.04 (Natty Narwhal)), you must get the alternate installer. The Desktop installer refuses to continue if there is less than 4.4 GB of free disk space.
2. Format the USB disk.
This is important if you already have anything looking like a Linux install on your disk, or the installer will not want to touch that disk, for some reason. I failed earlier because I didn't perform this step, so skip at your own risk! You need a key that is at least 3 GB in size.
You can do so from System → Administration → Disk Utility. Choose the destination USB key, unmount all partitions, and select Format Drive.

You need to make sure you select "Don't Partition" before it lets you format the disk.

3. Start a virtual machine on the USB key
I made sure (with file) that my USB key was in /dev/sdb, then ran:
sudo qemu-system-x86_64 /dev/sdb -cdrom ~/.cache/testdrive/iso/ubuntu_natty-desktop-i386.iso

...to install the i386 ISO of the Natty Narwhal desktop -- the file name will vary if you download a different ISO image.
Details for your virtualization solution of choice will vary, but you want to use the device file of your USB key as the VM's hard drive.
Append -boot order=d to the kvm command to make it boot from the image in case it tries to boot from the 'hard disk' and fails because it cannot find an operating system there.
4. Install normally.
At this point you are working on a virtual machine that sees your USB key as the only connected hard drive. From inside the "QEMU" window, install as you would normally do.
A few notes:

Partitioning. Avoid using the automatic partitioning system, as it will create a swap partition on your USB key. That's no good, as swapping becomes super slow (seconds-long system freezes slow) and quickly kills your drive's life. Simply allocate a single partition for /. If you're using the alternate installer, make sure you set the noatime flag to further reduce the amount of writes to the disk.

Updates. Skip the option to automatically download and install updates. It is not guaranteed that the repositories will be in a consistent state by the time you run the installer. Personally, I'd rather manage the upgrades manually with a tool such as aptitude (which does no longer ship with Ubuntu by default).

Alpha-quality software. Things are a little wonky -- it is alpha quality software, after all. I had dpkg exiting with error code 1 without being able to review the error - no packages were broken as a result, however. I tried to shutdown the virtual machine cleanly after the setup, but it hung. On a reboot, however, the system booted fine.

5. Reboot and boot into your copy of Ubuntu
You may need to fiddle with your BIOS settings to make this work.

A nice (or annoying, based on your use case) thing about Ubuntu on a USB is that next time it'll refresh GRUB, it'll also detect and add to the list the kernels and operative systems on the HDD. This should let you boot straight into your HDD from your USB key's GRUB.

First of all, make sure that you boot your Installation Media in BIOS (Legacy) Mode, not in UEFI mode.

The problem you have is probably that you installed Ubuntu on your USB flash drive, but GRUB (the bootloader) was installed on the hard drive.

To fix that and install GRUB on your USB drive, you need to select the correct device when installing Ubuntu. When you get to the partitioning screen, you should have a drop-down list in the bottom (I can make some screenshots later if you need). There you can select, what device GRUB should be installed on. Make sure though that you select an entry without a number after /dev/sdx (x can be any letter). Assuming you installed Ubuntu on the /dev/sdc1 partition (you need to check yourself what the correct partition is), you should select the entry starting with /dev/sdc (Without any number behind it) in the drop-down menu. After that, continue with the Installation as usual.

I'll later add some information on how to revert the Hard Drive to it's old Bootloader.

EDIT: This seems to be a good start on how to restore your old bootloader (I'd recommend only the first two answers though) Uninstall Grub and use Windows bootloader


Uninstalling iTunes in Wine I've finally managed to install this program only to try and remove iTunes because every time I try to start it up, it gives me the message to reinstall it again and error 7.

How do I uninstall iTunes?

Open a terminal and type wine uninstaller. Select iTunes from the list and click remove.

I had this same issue but what I did that helped was to remove the itune fold at Nautilus. Press ALT and F2 simultaneously and type gks nautilus and look for the itune folder and delete it.


Lord of Ultima and Bit trip runner not available in Muon Software Centre Most of the basic apps are found in the Muon Software Centre in Kubuntu. However, I cannot find either 'Lord of Ultima' or 'Bit trip runner', although I see them available in the Ubuntu Software Centre.

I'd like to install these games via the software centre so it gets added to the download stats for the game developers to see.

How come I can't see these in Muon Software Centre?

The reason for this is that Muon Software Center hasn't added support for the commercial repositories that Ubuntu Software Center can access.

Due to the fact that these repositories don't contain things that are freely distributable to anyone they don't use the standard repository format that is supported by all package managers (including Muon.) Instead they have a separate mechanism that allows the contents to be searched before the repositories are added, with a mechanism for adding the repositories and taking payment.

Currently Muon Software Center doesn't support this new type of repository and so none of the apps available from these repositories can be accessed using it. At this time you will have to use Ubuntu Software Center to get access to them.

Thanks,

James

Lord Of Ultima is just  A Web Based Game actually...you can directly install it from chrome store in your browser and then if you badly want a shortcut,chrome/chromium aloows you to do that too..

You can find Lord Of Ultima Here in the chrome store


Can I access Ubuntu from Windows remotely? I have Ubuntu installed on my work computer. I am wondering whether I could have access to it from another computer with Windows installed. If so, could you give a step by step guide?

Yes, you can access Ubuntu from Windows remotely.

Taken from this article.

  Follow these steps :

  Step 1 – Install xRDP

  Open Terminal (Crtl+Alt+T) and execute the following commands:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install xrdp

  Step 2 – Install XFCE4 ( Unity doesn't seem to support xRDP in Ubuntu 14.04; although, in Ubuntu 12.04 it was supported ). That's why we
  install Xfce4.

sudo apt-get install xfce4

  Step 3 – Configure xRDP

  In this step, we modify two files to make sure xRDP uses Xfce4. First we
  need to create, or edit, our .xsession  file in our home directory. We
  can either use nano or simply redirect an echo statement (easier):

echo xfce4-session > ~/.xsession

  The second file we need to edit is the startup file for xRDP, so it
  will start Xfce4.

sudo nano /etc/xrdp/startwm.sh

  The content should look like this (pay attention to the last line and
  ignore . /etc/X11/Xsession):

#!/bin/sh

if [ -r /etc/default/locale ]; then
  . /etc/default/locale
  export LANG LANGUAGE
fi

startxfce4

  Step 4 – Restart xRDP

  To make all these changes effective, restart xRDP as such:

sudo service xrdp restart

  Testing your xRDP connection

  On the computer that will remotely control your Ubuntu machine, start
  you RDP client. Windows comes standard with a Remote Desktop client
  (mstsc.exe – you can start it from a command prompt, or find the
  shortcut to Remote Desktop under Accessories). Or Search 'remote' in
  start (Windows 7) Or 'remote' in search box in Windows 8.

  Whichever client you use, most will work with either the computer network
  name or IP address of your Ubuntu machine.

  To find the IP address on your Ubuntu box, type:

hostname -I

  (note: this is a capital “i”)

  Enter IP address of your Ubuntu machine. For example:

  Depending on your RDP client capabilities and settings (for example:
  Microsoft RDP Client allows automatic login), you might or might not
  see the login screen.
  Here we enter our Ubuntu username and password and click “OK”

  You are done,enjoy

PS: There are some good points mentioned in comments, so I thought to sum them up.

If you want to access Ubuntu from outside network, you'll need your Ubuntu
at work to have it's own, proper, internet IP address - a fairly
unlikely scenario. To work it otherwise, you need the externally
visible address of work, AND have port forwarding set to direct
incoming RDP requests to your work computer on the router. (Mark Williams)
To use the Ubuntu MATE desktop meta-session, replace last line startxfce4 in startwm.sh with mate-session. (Frank N)
You can use your actual machine name (by typing hostname) rather than your IP as it might be more stable on dynamic IPs in future sessions. (Frank N)

Powershell on Windows has already delivered Windows SSH solution back in 2015 and you can just have a try.