Why updating from behind a proxy results in hash sum mismatch error while direct WiFi has no issues? This has started from Ubuntu's 14.04 LTS version.

I work on Ubuntu at my office where internet works from behind a proxy server.

Earlier, I could just give the usual update commands from the terminal and they just worked.

But 14.04 LTS onwards, it has become exceedingly difficult to carry out even such a mundane task as updating my system.

Every time I try to update the system from behind the proxy, I get errors of 'Hash sum Mismatch'.

But interestingly (and to my utter dismay) when I connect to internet directly using my mobile phone's wifi, the update works absolutely normally.

I have tried all the workarounds suggested to alleviate the Hash Sum Mismatch errors. None has worked.

I suspect something is wrong with the way our proxy is configured. If not, I would really appreciate a good hand here.
Thanks.

When running the update Debian/Ubuntu will download a list of all the meta-data about a package first, from this URL:

http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/bionic/main/binary-amd64/Packages.gz

It will contain something like this for every package:

Package: aodh-common
Architecture: all
Version: 6.0.0-0ubuntu1
Priority: optional
Section: web
Source: aodh
Origin: Ubuntu
Maintainer: Ubuntu Developers <ubuntu-devel-discuss@lists.ubuntu.com>
Original-Maintainer: PKG OpenStack <openstack-devel@lists.alioth.debian.org>
Bugs: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+filebug
Installed-Size: 97
Depends: adduser, dpkg-dev, python-aodh (= 6.0.0-0ubuntu1), python:any
Filename: pool/main/a/aodh/aodh-common_6.0.0-0ubuntu1_all.deb
Size: 17760
MD5sum: 8f0c651bcc7369034fea6c28653f51b9
SHA1: 7fc8dd248a5139f0f7dd3be5a49614c1b9af7186
SHA256: 98cbde3960701b083bc6744cb57fa2b3946d4d5f6c71512e2265f762d4650a3e
Homepage: https://github.com/openstack/aodh
Description: OpenStack Telemetry (Ceilometer) Alarming - common files
Description-md5: 4d4a9638c22eafe95e8cdbfdae651022

For this package it will then download this URL:

http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/a/aodh/aodh-common_6.0.0-0ubuntu1_all.deb

It will then check the SHA256 hash of this similar to doing this:

$ sha256sum aodh-common_6.0.0-0ubuntu1_all.deb
98cbde3960701b083bc6744cb57fa2b3946d4d5f6c71512e2265f762d4650a3e  aodh-common_6.0.0-0ubuntu1_all.deb

Your proxy is modifying the data which breaks the integrity hash check, because the contents have been changed. You should step through the process of running these commands manually, such as downloading the file via your browser and running sha256sum on the command line to see the hashes don't match.

Next you should see what is actually different between the files and why. It's possible your proxy is able to determine that the .deb file is an "archive" that uses gzip compression and is re-packing the contents, even if that seems rather stupid in this context it could be used for a virus/malware scanning utility.

Let's assume you have two .deb files, one downloaded via the broken proxy and one downloaded via a proper working connection. You can compare the two by unpacking them and running diff on the two directories to see which files (if any) are different. If the diff outputs no differences, then it's likely the proxy is repacking. If the diff outputs something inspect what the differences are and why your proxy is making such changes as it's likely a security concern in addition to a usability problem.

Maybe check your source list

sudo rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

then:

sudo apt-get update

Do you get the same error without connecting with proxy? try closing may be configured incorrectly


Ubuntu on virtual box fails to get on line I have a question just occurred to me today. I was using Ubuntu on virtualbox and it was normal. But today it just cannot get online. I tried and the host Win8 can ping the Ubuntu, and Ubuntu can ping host and the wireless router as well. Also Ubuntu can ping 8.8.8.8. I used Bridged Adapter. But I cannot get on line with a web browser, neither the dropbox cannot be connected.

Any good ideas?Thank you!

Just solved it. Simple and easy. Delete /etc/resolv.conf


Windows 10 can't restart after Ubuntu installation I have installed Ubuntu from a usb to my Windows 10 drive and partitioned it for Ubuntu to dual-boot. After installing it, I rebooted and the grub menu to choose between Windows and Ubuntu appeared the first time. After choosing windows, I tried to reboot it and it's stuck on the restarting screen. Is it because I installed it on the same drive? Something about ext4 and Windows clashing?

How do I start repairing it? From Windows or Ubuntu? and how?

Had a similar problem yesterday with a laptop running W7 and used this supergrub burned CD to reboot in windows and create a repair CD with which I fixed the MBR and boot sector so it has only Windows 7 again.

http://www.supergrubdisk.org/

Might help you out.

Max


How to save a file using nano I am trying to install Java via the terminal using the guide How to Install Oracle Java JRE on Ubuntu Linux.

Everything went perfectly fine until "Step 11: Save the /etc/profile file and exit":

I spent maybe 30 minutes figuring out what ^ means (apparently Ctrl), but I cannot understand how that guy called the save command where you can choose yes and no.

I did try ^O, but I didn't get the same result as he did. How can I fix this problem?

Ctrl + X will quit the editor and you will be asked if you want to save your changes. If you do, press Y for Yes.

Ctrl + O should also work, since that means to save the file, but you won't be asked "Save modifier buffer ? " because you already told nano to save.

I am using CTRL + S to save and CTRL + X to quit.


What is an affordable monitor compatible with HDMI and Ubuntu? My main computer is a laptop and I would like to buy an external, bigger monitor for it. I already tried one, but it only had a normal VGA connection. Unfortunately the screen flickered a lot, and I suspect that this was because my notebook's VGA port does not deliver enough power.

That is the reason why I want to buy a monitor which I can use with my HDMI port. Is this properly supported with Ubuntu? Can I buy any screen I like that has an HDMI plug? Or do you have to avoid certain products?

Ubuntu should be compatible with any monitor you buy. I assume you have Ubuntu already installed and the graphics chip is supported.

The VGA problem you had was almost certainly a configuration problem (e.g. wrong/unusable refresh rate), not a hardware problem.

For a big screen (1680x1050 or higher resolution) I would anyway recommend using a digital connection. So either directly HDMI or DVI with a HDMI-to-DVI adapter.

I use Samsung UN40KU6300 and UN40KU7000 40-Inch 4K Ultra HD Smart LED TV.  It performs like an awesome computer monitor but with the price of a TV (

My only issue with Ubuntu and HDMI is if you are using a USB-C HDMI adapter.  Then you might have to try a few adapters to find one that works (with any monitor).  This one from Cable Matters worked for me with a DELL XPS13 Developer Edition:

https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B00X4S5C7G


Why can't I update applications without upgrading the whole OS? In Ubuntu, once a release is out the software one has installed receives security updates only. In Windows, I can get new versions of programs with new features. How can Windows do this and why can't Ubuntu?

This is actually a feature of Ubuntu.

There is no problem with updating the software with its latest version, and Ubuntu developers might do it easily. And, actually, it is done in several other Linux distributions, including Arch.

As you have noticed, Ubuntu software is updated only with security updates and critical bug fixes. All features are "frozen", and after a Ubuntu release no software is updated to a new major version. Although it seems like a disadvantage of Ubuntu, in fact it's one of its pros.

Why freeze applications' versions and not update the features? There are several reasons.

New versions are frequently less stable then older ones. Using a slightly older version ensures it has been well tested.
One can trust that Ubuntu will not significantly change within a particular version. This is very important e.g. for large companies, that want to be able to rely — if they use Ubuntu 10.04 — on its always working the same way, and its containing the same features all the time.

That also means that Ubuntu 10.04 is always 10.04, as opposed to Windows, where Service Packs change a lot in your system, and you need to take care of them.

Ubuntu developers take special care to provide you with the most stable software
available. On Windows it's usually a third party's decision when to release an update. This means some may want you to use the latest version, with new cool features, and others may release features only when they have been tested for a longer time. That means you never really know what's going on with the updates there.
This makes it easier for Ubuntu developers to manage releases. Ubuntu is released each 6 months, and during that period Ubuntu developers prepare the new version for release, packing it with tons of new features and newer software. They add it only to the version that is currently in development, and not to all supported (older) Ubuntu versions: this requires less work.

For example, if they wanted to update GNOME in 10.04 to version 3, that would mean hundreds of other applications' completely breaking, and would require reorganizing the system.

The updates are provided by Canonical and Ubuntu developers, and not by software's developers, as it's done in Windows. Personally, I trust Ubuntu developers much more than developers of software ABC, and can be sure that the new version provided by Ubuntu will do no (even accidental) harm to my computer.

All of the above are one of the main parts of Ubuntu quality. You get the best quality software and OS, and to balance it out you use not the newest, but just a few months older software.

Also, remember that when you update to a newer Ubuntu release, all software is again in the newest version (but stays at it until the next release), so it's not a major issue that the software does not contain the newest features. And as others suggest, you can use PPAs to fetch newer software from other sources, if you need to.

In my view there are too many.  I have security only selected and out of the 47 pending, very few seem to be "security" issues.  Most are new features.  I like what I have so I don't believe I need new features.  Aren't new features prone to have security risks?


HDMI on Raspberry Pi 4b on Ubuntu 19.10.1 I've just installed 19.10.1 on my 4GB Raspberry Pi 4b. My single HDMI display is the wrong resolution and it doesn't fill the entire screen. I am also not getting HDMI sound. I don't have /boot/config.txt or /boot/cmdline.txt. I've tried creating/boot/cmdline.txt and adding HDMI initialization commands to it - without results. I want 1920x2048 at 60Hz.

I just needed to edit /boot/firmware/usercfg.txt.

Here are the lines I placed in /boot/firmware/usercfg.txt.

dtparam=audio=on
hdmi_force_edid_audio=1
disable_overscan=1


Dual-booted but cannot access Ubuntu after boot-repair My main OS is windows 7. Today I installed Ubuntu 13.04 alongside Windows. After successful installation everything seemed right. I could install programs and change system settings etc. However, when I rebooted my computer I had the error: No such device (Grub rescue).
I've looked for solutions on several websites.

I tried using a boot-repair disk but now I cannot access Ubuntu any more. It's like my laptop is not dual-booted any more as I do not have the option to choose the OS on start-up.

Boot info script: http://paste.ubuntu.com/5974211/

You have to change BIOS to boot external drive first, then internal drive. Then if external drive is not plugged in, it will boot the internal drive and just boot Windows, if plugged in it boots grub/Ubuntu.

You have Windows boot loader in sda, and grub2 in sdb, so Windows boots directly from internal drive and Ubuntu boots from external when plugged in, and will give the option to boot either Windows or Ubuntu.

you can use sudo update-grub command in ubuntu
actually if there is more than one os installed in your system then this command will update your grub(GNU GRand Unified Bootloader)


Can't open Google Chrome on Ubuntu 16.04 When ever I try to open Google Chrome from the terminal I get this. Any help?

mario@mario-Peppy:~$ google-chrome-stable

[0512/185023:ERROR:nss_util.cc(98)] Failed to create /home/mario/.pki/nssdb directory.
[0512/185023:ERROR:nss_util.cc(98)] Failed to create /home/mario/.pki/nssdb directory.
[19787:19821:0512/185024:ERROR:nss_util.cc(98)] Failed to create /home/mario/.pki/nssdb directory.
[19787:19821:0512/185024:ERROR:cache_util.cc(134)] Unable to move cache folder /home/mario/.config/google-chrome/ShaderCache/GPUCache to /home/mario/.config/google-chrome/ShaderCache/old_GPUCache_000
[19787:19821:0512/185024:ERROR:cache_creator.cc(129)] Unable to create cache
[19787:19821:0512/185024:ERROR:shader_disk_cache.cc(589)] Shader Cache Creation failed: -2
[0512/185024:ERROR:nss_util.cc(98)] Failed to create /home/mario/.pki/nssdb directory.
[19787:19787:0512/185024:ERROR:process_singleton_posix.cc(410)] readlink failed: Permission denied
[19787:19787:0512/185024:ERROR:process_singleton_posix.cc(246)] readlink(/home/mario/.config/google-chrome/SingletonLock) failed: Permission denied
[19787:19787:0512/185024:ERROR:process_singleton_posix.cc(246)] readlink(/home/mario/.config/google-chrome/SingletonLock) failed: Permission denied
[19787:19787:0512/185024:ERROR:process_singleton_posix.cc(270)] Failed to create /home/mario/.config/google-chrome/SingletonLock: Permission denied
[19787:19787:0512/185024:ERROR:process_singleton_posix.cc(410)] readlink failed: Permission denied
[19787:19787:0512/185024:ERROR:process_singleton_posix.cc(246)] readlink(/home/mario/.config/google-chrome/SingletonLock) failed: Permission denied
[19787:19787:0512/185024:ERROR:chrome_browser_main.cc(1379)] Failed to create a ProcessSingleton for your profile directory. This means that running multiple instances would start multiple browser processes rather than opening a new window in the existing process. Aborting now to avoid profile corruption.

I tried

sudo chown -Rc $USER:$USER $HOME

Reference: Google Chrome can't launch in Mint 19 Cinnamon - Linux Mint Forums


How to get intel graphics drivers for 14.04? I did some looking around and it seems like there was, at one time, an intel-made graphics program for Ubuntu 14.04. But it seems that they have since started only supporting 14.10 (which is ridiculous, considering 14.04 is LTS), and I was wondering how I could get the old program that worked with 14.04, from a website download or whatever. I have a 2012 MacBook Pro with an Intel HD 4000, if that helps in the matter. And of course if there are other ways to get drivers for this particular card-I remember being able to do it straight through the Additional Drivers program back when I had an Nvidia laptop-that would be great too. Thanks in advance.

There are no proprietary drivers for Intel (which is the reason you use another interface for installing the nvidia drivers - they're provided as binary blobs. In case you want to have more up-to-date drivers for your intel graphics card, you can add this ppa:

https://launchpad.net/~ubuntu-x-swat/+archive/ubuntu/x-updates

but I would not recommend it since it could lead to instabilities.

See also: How do I find a proprietary driver for the Intel graphics card I have?

See this post at Intel's forums for explanation:  https://01.org/comment/2141#comment-2141


OpenSource Driver with ATI HD 6770 Im currently using fglrx from AMD and wanna try other driver to see if I can get better performance with compiz (I'm getting flickering). Everything I've tried dont works(Radeon, RadeonHD), I think that 6770 is too new; But wait! 6770 is almost identical to 5770! Any idea? I have ubuntu 11.04.

Go to CCSM (compiz Configuration Settings Manager) then go to the OpenGL plug in and then uncheck Sync to Vblank. Then go back and on the Composite plug in uncheck Detect Refresh Rate

It is unlikely you will get better performance with the open-source driver. Fglrx is much more efficient, so it will result in smoother graphics, more FPS in games etc. There are some exceptions, though, the open-source driver supports KMS while fglrx not, so with fglrx you will not get a pretty ubuntu logo while booting-up your system.


How to forget sftp password in Nautilus (none in seahorse) I added the entry sftp://daniel@<somedomain> to my bookmarks in Nautilus. The first time it was accessed it asked for the password but never after that. I cannot remember which option I selected to remember (e.g. until end of session).

In any case, I want Nautilus to forget the access password and ask me every time I open the remote file system. Unmounting did not cause it to forget the password. I've also opened seahorse and this key is not there.

Any idea where the key is stored and how can I force nautilus to forget the password?

I did the same thing as you and was also surprised not to find the key in seahorse.
The only way I found to make Nautilus forget the pwd was to close my session. Then nautilus asked me the password again, with the same 3 options, and I selected the 1st one.

Forget the password
Remember until end of session
Remember forever

I think it only stores the password in seahorse when you select the 3rd option.
For the 2nd option, it must store it in a temporary place that I don't know about.
For the 1st option, it doesn't store it at all.

run seahorse from the bash:

https://ask.fedoraproject.org/en/question/23350/where-to-find-nautilus-password-storage-for-shares/?answer=23351#post-id-23351
//for 30 character answer...


change many file names to hash (sha256)? I have a bunch of video files where all the file names are un-useful gibberish.

1) Is there an easy command to change the names of all the files in a folder to a hash, like (sha256).mp4? I don't want to move / copy / modify any files, only rename them.

2) Can the command from 1) be modified to only add the hash onto the end of the original file name? Like (original name)_(sha256).mp4

I'm quite new to Ubuntu/Linux and would greatly appreciate an explanation for what each part of the command does.

You can actually do this with this rename command:

rename 'chomp(my $new=`sha256sum "$_" | cut -d" " -f1`); s/.*/$new.mp4/' *mp4

To preview what it will do before actually renaming, use -n. For example:

$ ls
'my movie file01.mp4'  'my movie file05.mp4'  'my movie file09.mp4'
'my movie file02.mp4'  'my movie file06.mp4'  'my movie file10.mp4'
'my movie file03.mp4'  'my movie file07.mp4'
'my movie file04.mp4'  'my movie file08.mp4'

$ rename -n 'chomp(my $new=`sha256sum "$_" | cut -d" " -f1`); s/.*/$new.mp4/' *mp4
my movie file01.mp4 -> 6a260f4adeb47000afeb9c53029ce0e14b6ea80be5c649ecdb155c8e7cfa1496.mp4
my movie file02.mp4 -> 14f24228ead10d639ef3db11ea09c6216aa80879327a2a57fb549e6474fb05b0.mp4
my movie file03.mp4 -> 6c9ecec6a75e217fa1786dd6f920a5c1db8473f17447595e0d33d7fc3530453a.mp4
my movie file04.mp4 -> 96a29ae5bc3a5e35537bcea1068c746ddba205d17fcc8e522a52402c7ed69927.mp4
my movie file05.mp4 -> 189207823129b57e52c86a743ea7154f65b8eccb5182f322abc3aae35f14057d.mp4
my movie file06.mp4 -> 93be0fd15be56bb22af94a0a0aa272d56f61e77160f1170305d41166d6135913.mp4
my movie file07.mp4 -> 05c92b5632414f14445af3facdb0e187746b3b0f40bad94a5f351aeb7f9a8847.mp4
my movie file08.mp4 -> 0d3cf9c165d4c18af8922b8daa9a6b1031c6762d179fb910b968d60af9aed255.mp4
my movie file09.mp4 -> da04afebaec6ea3d43dc3a0e66b790ab13751b00fd81aa1f882986c097c36298.mp4
my movie file10.mp4 -> 47bf532970d3e759346462a85d15ab9d9171c5a7688a6e90a1e976e071ecd167.mp4

And, to keep the original name:

$ rename -n 'chomp(my $new=`sha256sum "$_" | cut -d" " -f1`); s/.*/$_ $new.mp4/' *mp4
my movie file01.mp4 -> my movie file01.mp4 6a260f4adeb47000afeb9c53029ce0e14b6ea80be5c649ecdb155c8e7cfa1496.mp4
my movie file02.mp4 -> my movie file02.mp4 14f24228ead10d639ef3db11ea09c6216aa80879327a2a57fb549e6474fb05b0.mp4
my movie file03.mp4 -> my movie file03.mp4 6c9ecec6a75e217fa1786dd6f920a5c1db8473f17447595e0d33d7fc3530453a.mp4
my movie file04.mp4 -> my movie file04.mp4 96a29ae5bc3a5e35537bcea1068c746ddba205d17fcc8e522a52402c7ed69927.mp4
my movie file05.mp4 -> my movie file05.mp4 189207823129b57e52c86a743ea7154f65b8eccb5182f322abc3aae35f14057d.mp4
my movie file06.mp4 -> my movie file06.mp4 93be0fd15be56bb22af94a0a0aa272d56f61e77160f1170305d41166d6135913.mp4
my movie file07.mp4 -> my movie file07.mp4 05c92b5632414f14445af3facdb0e187746b3b0f40bad94a5f351aeb7f9a8847.mp4
my movie file08.mp4 -> my movie file08.mp4 0d3cf9c165d4c18af8922b8daa9a6b1031c6762d179fb910b968d60af9aed255.mp4
my movie file09.mp4 -> my movie file09.mp4 da04afebaec6ea3d43dc3a0e66b790ab13751b00fd81aa1f882986c097c36298.mp4
my movie file10.mp4 -> my movie file10.mp4 47bf532970d3e759346462a85d15ab9d9171c5a7688a6e90a1e976e071ecd167.mp4

The explanation here is a bit complicated as it requires understanding some basic Perl. The main idea is:

my $new=`sha256sum "$_" | cut -d" " -f1` : this will run the command sha256sum on each input file ($_ is Perl magic for "current thing"), and cut to keep only the hash. To illustrate:

$ sha256sum my\ movie\ file01.mp4
6a260f4adeb47000afeb9c53029ce0e14b6ea80be5c649ecdb155c8e7cfa1496  my movie file01.mp4
$ sha256sum my\ movie\ file01.mp4 | cut -d" " -f1
6a260f4adeb47000afeb9c53029ce0e14b6ea80be5c649ecdb155c8e7cfa1496

The chomp() just removes the trailing newline from the command's output. The result is stored in the variable $new.
s/.*/$new.mp4/' : substitute everything (.*) with the $new name.

Or, for the other command:

s/.*/$_ $new.mp4/' : substitute everything with the original name ($_) followed by the new one.

This needs a simple shell loop:

for i in *.mp4 ; do
    j="$(openssl dgst -sha256 \"$i\" | cut '-d ' -f2)"
    mv "$i" "$j.mp4"
done

The 2nd part of your question needs a little more work:

for i in *.mp4 ; do
    j="$(openssl dgst -sha256 \"$i\" | cut '-d ' -f2)"
    k="${i%%.mp4}"
    mv "$i" "$k_$j.mp4"
done


Set individual file priority (single torrent): Transmission Is there a way to set priorities per file in a given torrent? The files tab only lets me change the names of files and has no other option. If not, is there other software that will do this?

In Properties on the Files tab, expand the window so that the priority column is visible.  You may have to make the name column narrower.

Then click on the text of the priority, where it says 'Normal'.  Each click cycles through Low, Normal, High.

You might be facing the same thing that I noticed...
In [Torrent] Properties -> Files (tab), try to resize the "Names" column making it smaller then the rest of the options (have, download, options) should appear.
This is probably a bug in the GTK interface about the horizontal scrolling.


Is it possible to show the output on terminal while writing the output of a command to a file? I am running a command say nmap www.somesite.com>file.txt so that i can get the output to file.txt. But if I do so, I am not able to see the output of that command on terminal. Is it possible to make it visble on terminal also.

I know the usage of tee, but I wish to do this specifically in this way.

tee is designed to split STDIN into a file and back out to STDOUT.

In simple terms, just pipe it through, like so:

nmap www.somesite.com | tee file.txt

The current accepted alternative involves running nmap twice which is a horrible idea.
You'd be better off running it once to file and then outputting the file.

nmap www.somesite.com > file.txt; cat file.txt

It is not possible to have command line view and redirect process at the same time

But you can use the following command to use both the process in sequence

nmap www.somesite.com && nmap www.somesite.com > file.txt

First it will execute the command in terminal and then it will save the output as a file

Hope this helps!


How can I upgrade ubuntu 12.04 to 12.10? I am using Ubuntu 12.04 LTS and want to upgrade it to 12.10. Please send me step by step info for this process. Will my personal data be lost? If yes, then how to protect it?

http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/upgrade

This has the step by step instruction for using the graphical Software Update. Very easy to use.

use this command:

sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

your home directory will remain the same with current (before update), also your program/software installed. So, you do not worry about loss your data.


How to change the LightDM theme/greeter? I downloaded a couple greeters for LightDM, but I have not figured out how to enable them. Is there a way to switch greeter, either by graphical or command-line method?. I do not intend to change display manager, nor the background, but to change the layout and appearance of the login screen through a different "theme" (greeter is the name for LightDm themes). Thanks for your time.

Just edit the greeter-session option in /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf to the desired greeter.

If you for example want to use the lightdm-gtk-greeter.

Open up '/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf' with any editor as root. For examplesudo vim /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf then change the line

greeter-session=unity-greeter

to

greeter-session=lightdm-gtk-greeter

If the file does not exist, let it contain

[SeatDefaults]
greeter-session=lightdm-gtk-greeter

Then all you have to do is make sure that the greeter is installed (e.g. the package lightdm-gtk-greeter) and then restart lightdm.

Install Ubuntu Tweak. Open it and select the "Tweaks" tab. Under "Startup" select "Login Settings". At the very top right hand corner is a search bar, just to it's left is the unlock. Unlock and you can change the gtk and icon theme on start up. Plus the logo and background. Hope that helps.


nm-applett and sound-indicator in systray gone and sound not working after update 13.10 After upgrading my Xubuntu 13.04 to 13.10 I have some problems:

the NetworkManager is not in the taskbar, I think that is the notifications-applet (german: "Nachrichtenanzeige")
the sound-indicator-applett in the systray is gone
I have no sound, that means, I still have sound if I start VLC with

sudo mpg123 test.mp3

So it seems there is a right problem

the systray problem:

The systray's notifications-applet is usually looking like this:

or this:

it is not working anymore. No audio-settings and no network-manager in the taskbar in XFCE: there is just one small box with nothing in it.

When I install stalonetray, there I see the status of wicd and all the other statuses, so the systray seems to be broken.

sound
add yourself to the group audio with
adduser yourself audio

then you can play sounds again as yourself.
sound-indicator

see: No sound settings available in the settings manager window

This is noted on the release notes for Xubuntu 13.10 and is a known issue.
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/SaucySalamander/ReleaseNotes/Xubuntu
It is this bug https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/indicator-sound/+bug/1208204
You can use the workround:
Edit the service file
gksu mousepad /usr/share/dbus-1/services/indicator-sound.service

It will look like
[D-BUS Service] Name=com.canonical.indicator.sound
Exec=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/indicator-sound/indicator-sound-service

Comment out the last line and enter a new one, should look like
[D-BUS Service] Name=com.canonical.indicator.sound
#Exec=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/indicator-sound/indicator-sound-service
Exec=/usr/lib/indicator-sound-gtk2/indicator-sound-service

Save that and log out an in again
network-manager
no solution yet

I installed kubuntu-desktop with wicd and removed network-manager.

There was only one thing I had to do:
the file resolv.conf was a relative link to ../run/resolvconf/resolv.conf

I changed that symlink to be absolute and the daemon now runs

etc/resolv.conf -> /run/resolvconf/resolv.conf

Now wicd works instead of network-manager and everything looks fine in KDE ;)

(but this is no solution for Xubuntu)


Can't execute .out files, getting permission denied I have written a C++ program and complied it to produce a.out file. However, whenever I try to run it, I get Permission Denied. I read that we can use sudo, but I can't quite get it to work. I use something like, sudo "./a.out" but that too doesn't work.

Edit:

Here is the message I get when I try "./a.out".

bash: ./a.out: Permission denied

Usually, g++ gives the created file execute permissions. If you do not pass the -o option, the file will be named a.out.

Two possible reasons why your file does not have the execute bit set, with their solutions:

The umask value is set to a value like 0133, thereby preventing the execute bit from being set. Solution: set the permissions explicitly:

chmod 755 a.out

The filesystem you're working on does not support Linux permissions. This could be the case if you're putting files on a FAT32-formatted flash drive. Solution: either back up the files and format it to ext2 or mount the drive with fmask=0022 or umask=0022 (omitting fmask). See the Mount options for fat section on the manual page of mount for more details.

For bash scripts which do not have the execute bit set, you could run bash file.sh. Such a feature exists for all files with executable content (compiled files and files with a shebang line #!/path/to/interpreter set). To execute files without the execute bit set, use the special file /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (or /lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 for 64-bit applications) to run such a program:

/lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 a.out

I'd wager that your program does not have a 'main()' function, as if it did, your compiler would have made a.out executable. Right now it is just an object file full of code, but there's no entry point. main() is a special function name in C and C++ that tells the compiler to create a program rather than just object files which can be linked to a program or library.

I'd be interested to know what command line you used to produce this file, as GNU GCC's c++ compiler, g++, will not let me create a simple program w/o a main function:

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

void no_main()
{
  cout << "Hello World" << endl;
}

$ g++ hello.cc
/usr/bin/ld.bfd.real: /usr/lib/debug/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/crt1.o(.debug_info): relocation 0 has invalid symbol index 11
/usr/bin/ld.bfd.real: /usr/lib/debug/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/crt1.o(.debug_info): relocation 1 has invalid symbol index 12
/usr/bin/ld.bfd.real: /usr/lib/debug/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/crt1.o(.debug_info): relocation 2 has invalid symbol index 2
/usr/bin/ld.bfd.real: /usr/lib/debug/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/crt1.o(.debug_info): relocation 3 has invalid symbol index 2
/usr/bin/ld.bfd.real: /usr/lib/debug/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/crt1.o(.debug_info): relocation 4 has invalid symbol index 11
/usr/bin/ld.bfd.real: /usr/lib/debug/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/crt1.o(.debug_info): relocation 5 has invalid symbol index 13
/usr/bin/ld.bfd.real: /usr/lib/debug/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/crt1.o(.debug_info): relocation 6 has invalid symbol index 13
/usr/bin/ld.bfd.real: /usr/lib/debug/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/crt1.o(.debug_info): relocation 7 has invalid symbol index 13
/usr/bin/ld.bfd.real: /usr/lib/debug/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/crt1.o(.debug_info): relocation 8 has invalid symbol index 2
/usr/bin/ld.bfd.real: /usr/lib/debug/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/crt1.o(.debug_info): relocation 9 has invalid symbol index 2
/usr/bin/ld.bfd.real: /usr/lib/debug/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/crt1.o(.debug_info): relocation 10 has invalid symbol index 12
/usr/bin/ld.bfd.real: /usr/lib/debug/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/crt1.o(.debug_info): relocation 11 has invalid symbol index 13
/usr/bin/ld.bfd.real: /usr/lib/debug/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/crt1.o(.debug_info): relocation 12 has invalid symbol index 13
/usr/bin/ld.bfd.real: /usr/lib/debug/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/crt1.o(.debug_info): relocation 13 has invalid symbol index 13
/usr/bin/ld.bfd.real: /usr/lib/debug/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/crt1.o(.debug_info): relocation 14 has invalid symbol index 13
/usr/bin/ld.bfd.real: /usr/lib/debug/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/crt1.o(.debug_info): relocation 15 has invalid symbol index 13
/usr/bin/ld.bfd.real: /usr/lib/debug/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/crt1.o(.debug_info): relocation 16 has invalid symbol index 13
/usr/bin/ld.bfd.real: /usr/lib/debug/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/crt1.o(.debug_info): relocation 17 has invalid symbol index 13
/usr/bin/ld.bfd.real: /usr/lib/debug/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/crt1.o(.debug_info): relocation 18 has invalid symbol index 13
/usr/bin/ld.bfd.real: /usr/lib/debug/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/crt1.o(.debug_info): relocation 19 has invalid symbol index 13
/usr/bin/ld.bfd.real: /usr/lib/debug/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/crt1.o(.debug_info): relocation 20 has invalid symbol index 21
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.5.2/../../../crt1.o: In function `_start':
(.text+0x20): undefined reference to `main'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

However if I make change 'void no_main' to 'int main' it works:

$ g++ hello.cc
$ ./a.out
Hello World


Can not boot from Usb - Ubuntu 20.04 I first started using Ubuntu on my laptop and decided also to install it onto my desktop. Where all the annoyance began. I did download the source from Ubuntu webpage, transferred the file via Rufus to the same Usb Drive which I used back when I properly installed Ubuntu on my laptop.
But in desktop it does not boot. I do get into the Boot Menu, Select USB-HDD to install Ubuntu, but in every try it starts Windows all over again. So I did some research, changed the Primary Boot to USB from BIOS. Tried again and it is still opening Windows and furthermore USD-HDD does not appear on the top on Boot Menu. No other Usb is connected while attempting installation, I do everything by the book but it does not work.
Hoping to find some answers. I was really getting used to Ubuntu on my laptop :(
Thanks

How did you download the image file. if you used something like idman may be you have corrupt iso file. so download again in your browser and try again. If your usb is unusable leave me message. i'll help you


Canon Pixma IP1600 won't print Possible Duplicate:
  How to install Canon PIXMA iP1600?

So I'm new to ubuntu and I'm trying to install/config my Canon pixma ip1600 printer in 11.10. I've went through the install that comes up when you connect your printer and selected ip1600 tried both drivers listed I also have done this steps.

I'm trying to switch from windows but if i cant print then I'm not going to bother doing so. any help is thanked. ps printer light flashes when I say print but nothing happens.

How to install Canon PIXMA iP1600?

You may have a long battle on your hands!

My Pixma iP1500 sort of worked in Ubuntu 11.04 (black ok but colour washed out yet ok in windows), but then stopped as soon as 11.10 was launched. There are many postings regarding this problem and although it's been blamed on CUPS and the Ubuntu Kernel, I'm finding that five months later and all the updates and fixes I can find my printer remains dead while Ubuntu happily tells me it's printed.

I keep Windows XP on my computer for printing, and have had to use it more and more as the Ubuntu programmes I need don't quite work. I'm finding Windows XP much more stable and reliable.

It depends on whether you want to do a job with your computer or spend your time tinkering with it.


Partition restoration Good afternoon.
Downloaded Partition Scanner & Disk Recovery Tool via Terminal. Synaptic Package Manager helped to install it. When it runs says: Cannot execute command ' '/usr/bin/partitionmanager-bin --dontsu''.
Seems that I do not have "administrative privileges."
Time is passing and I need some help. One of my drives has lost a partition. Just not there to be seen at all. It's a NTFS format which is rarely written to used as source of video files for playing. Would appreciate any suggestions on how to proceed with this.
Rgds & thanks

I recommend using Gparted its very easy to use and one of the best partition manager out there , yeah even comparing windows paid apps here is the LINK to live cd or install locally using sudo ap-get install gparted  and for partition recovery there is a awesome free tool called testdisk and photorec utility for data recovery,it gets installed with testdisk metapackage

to install testdisk

sudo apt-get install testdisk

LINK for testdisk usage

LINK for photorec usage


How can I make a mini English-Chinese dictionary for Ubuntu? When you open your Ubuntu, many English words are used. For example, accessories, education, graphics, internet, office, other, sound, video, system tools, preferences, run, and log out will all appear in the GUI.

How can I get a list of all English words used in the Ubuntu GUI?

I want a list of all English words so I can translate them into Chinese, to create a glossary for Ubuntu: a guide in Chinese to English-language Ubuntu  terminology. This would work as a mini dictionary: a two-columns file with English on the left and Chinese on the right.

It is a joke to write the whole thing just from looking at the words on the GUI. I want a smart way to do the task. Is there a list of all the words used by Ubuntu?

Typing by hand as I come across words in the GUI is a foolish way to get the task done.

Copy out all English words one-by-one from the GUI when the locale is set to en_us.
Copy out all Chinese words one-by-one from the GUI when the locale is set to zh.
Put them together in one file, with English on the left and Chinese on the right.

Is there a smarter way to do this?
Which character in my /usr/lib/locale/locale-archive  ?

There are many ways which are used to store internationalized strings depending on the GUI toolkits or specifications.

The ones shown in the screenshot are from menu .directory files. Use same standard as .desktop from freedesktop project. See Desktop Entry Specification: Localized values for keys

Here a script to extract them

Create a shell file

nano extract_zh_translation.sh

Add

#!/bin/bash

for f in $(ls $1)
do
        name_en=`sed -n -e '0,/Name/{s/^\s*Name\s*=\s*//p}' $f`
        name_zh=`sed -n -e '0,/Name\[zh_CN\]/{s/^\s*Name\[zh_CN\]\s*=\s*//p}' $f`

        case `echo ${#name_en}/8 | bc` in
        3|2)    echo -e $name_en'\t'$name_zh
                ;;
        1)      echo -e $name_en'\t\t'$name_zh
                ;;
        0)      echo -e $name_en'\t\t\t'$name_zh
                ;;
        esac
done

Make it executable

chmod +x extract_zh_translation.sh

Run it on menu directory entries

./extract_zh_translation.sh "/usr/share/desktop-directories/*.directory"

Here is an output sample
If you want application menu entries too

./extract_zh_translation.sh "/usr/share/applications/*.desktop"

Here is an output sample

Other translations of Unity GUI is using gettext.

Files having the .gmo or .mo extension, are the final binary format. Check:

locate -br .mo$ | grep zh_CN

The source files have .po extension, you can download them from https://translations.launchpad.net/ or by downloading the complete source, example:

apt-get source unity

Other GUI toolkits like Qt & Java are using different formats.

A chinese version of Ubuntu is available and supported: Ubuntu Kylin

Along with different features, i think a type of this in english but no features removed would be actually pretty good.


Cannot install ubuntu 11.04 apps on live usb I have ubuntu 11.04 on a 3.6gb usb flash drive. My wifi connection is working fine. But, i cannot install apps via sudo apt-get install. It says, failed to fetch repository. I try the software repository app and that says fail too due to some 404 not found error. I am forced to go to the website for the repository and download .deb files and install, windows style.

What is the reason for this ? Maybe i am using an old ubuntu version and the repo is shut ?

Thanks.

Maybe i am using an old ubuntu version and the repo is shut ?

That would be correct. 11.04 is an EOL (End Of Life) Ubuntu release. Unless you want to add the repositories back, use a later version of Ubuntu.

I would also suggest downloading 13.04 on your computer and using that instead.  Remember to backup your files also so if there is an error you won't lose everything.


How to discard uninstalled applications from ubuntu 18.04? I was installing matlab some days before and I have left uninstalled and turned my terminal off. Now, if I want to install new application through terminal in my ubuntu 18.04, it shows error that previous application installation pending. I haven't remember the website now from which website I was installing the matlab. I've searched the net for such information and found different command lines, like these ones:

sudo apt-get purge [package]
sudo apt-get autoclean
sudo apt-get autoremove

but I don't know the exact package name. it is showing a new pop-up screen with the message "MATLAB interface configuration" The matlab interface need to know where MATLAB is installed on my system. But I have seen my computer and I didn't find matlab in my system.

If you don't know the exact name of the package try the following from tty:

history 100 | grep matlab

The above will show you which command you used to install matlab, if it was installed through the terminal.
To see every package installed on your system containing "matlab", run:

sudo apt list --installed | grep matlab

From there, you should be able to completely remove the package using dpkg:

sudo dpkg -P "package-name".

For the future, it is highly recommended to only install applications via the apt-cache repository. If you cannot find the package in the apt-cache repository, add the ppa to /etc/apt/sources.list, then run an update.


apt-get has got broken I have acidently removed some libraries from system and now I does not install or remove any package. Error shown in Software center and in terminal is

installArchives() failed: Can't exec "locale": No such file or directory at /usr/share/perl5/Debconf/Encoding.pm line 16.Use of uninitialized value $Debconf::Encoding::charmap in scalar chomp at /usr/share/perl5/Debconf/Encoding.pm line 17.
Can't exec "locale": No such file or directory a /usr/share/perl5/Debconf/Encoding.pm line 16.
Use of uninitialized value $Debconf::Encoding::charmap in scalar chomp at/usr/share/perl5/Debconf/Encoding.pm line 17.
Can't exec "locale": No such file or directory at/usr/share/perl5/Debconf/Encoding.pm line 16.
Use of uninitialized value $Debconf::Encoding::charmap in scalar chomp at /usr/share/perl5/Debconf/Encoding.pm line 17.
dpkg: warning: 'ldconfig' not found in PATH or not executable
dpkg: error: 1 expected program not found in PATH or not executable
Note: root's PATH should usually contain /usr/local/sbin, /usr/sbin and /sbin
Error in function:

When using apt-get install anyPackage and apt-get install -f anyPackage i get the following error:

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
cups : Depends: libc-bin (>= 2.13) E: Unmet dependencies. Try using -f

May problem has been sesolved. I have installed the conflicting package.

Solution

Download and extract the package manually

apt-get download libc-bin
dpkg -x libc-bin*.deb unpackdir/

Copy the file to your system

sudo cp unpackdir/sbin/ldconfig /sbin/

Make sure the package and package system is in a good state.

sudo apt-get install --reinstall libc-bin
sudo apt-get install -f

for original source click here!


AMD System fresh install , Only USB 3 working (IOMMU?) I fresh installed Ubuntu 16.04 on my AMD machine

CPU: AMD FX 8350
MOBO: Gigabyte 970A-UD3P (AM3+)

Problem is that when the OS first booted both my KB and mouse were not working , until i switched to USB3 ports..

I read some other kinda similar issues that had to do with IOMMU and some people activating it in the BIOS , but when i did that everything went wrong , and USB3 ports were not(!) working.

I rolled back to my initial setup and came here for help..

Any ideas?

I was getting errors on a fresh install of Ubuntu 16.04 on my PC

CPU: FX 6300
MOBO: GA 970A-DS3P

Errors were like this:

usb 5-1: device descriptor read/64, error -32
usb 5-1: device descriptor read/64, error -110
usb 5-1: device not accepting address 4, error -32
usb 5-1: device not accepting address 4, error -110

Then I tried this.

First, enable IOMMU in the BIOS by restarting your computer and pressing delete to enter the BIOS (3.0 ports won't work after this step, don't worry, they will soon)

Plug your USB mouse and keyboard in USB 2.0 ports.

Save and exit the BIOS

Then In Ubuntu:

Press Ctrl+Alt+T to open up a terminal

Run the following command:

sudo nano /etc/default/grub

Only edit the empty quotes in this line to read: GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="iommu=soft"

Save changes to grub and exit

Open up a new terminal with Ctrl+Alt+T,

Run the following command: sudo update-grub

Exit the terminal

Restart your computer, press delete to get back into the BIOS

Disable IOMMU, load optimized defaults and restart.

It's done!

USB 2.0 and USB 3.0 should work now in Ubuntu, and disabling IOMMU in BIOS may also help speed up your boot.

Press Ctrl+Alt+T to open up a terminal

Run the following command:

sudo nano /etc/default/grub

Only edit the empty quotes in this line to read: GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX= "amd_iommu=on iommu=pt"
Save changes to grub and exit

Open up a new terminal with Ctrl+Alt+T,

Run the following command: sudo update-grub

Exit the terminal
on IOMMU in Bios


Ubuntu 12.04 boot up is unreasonably slow One of the things I like about Ubuntu is the allegedly fast boot time, unfortunately that's not the case for me anymore.

On my computer Ubuntu itself boots up in forty seconds (from choosing Ubuntu in the grub menu to reaching the login screen), and my user boots up in in almost fifty seconds (from entering my password to the appearance of the Dash).

I want to note that although I never had fast boot-ups in Ubuntu, (the boot of Ubuntu itself was always slow), since the last upgrade things have just gotten worse.
I also want to note that after the boot itself my Ubuntu runs quite smooth almost without any lag.

Some hardware details:

Memory: 2.0 GiB
Processor: Intel® Pentium(R) D CPU 3.00GHz × 2
Graphics: GeForce 7100 GS/PCIe/SSE2
I have both Ubuntu and Windows XP with dual boot, each installed on a different disk. My Ubuntu runs on an healthy 500 GB WDC Hard Disk with average read time of 108 Mb/s. My partitions can be seen in the following image:

Does anyone have any idea what makes my computer boot slowly, is my hardware outdated? Did I make any crucial mistake with the partitions when I first set Ubuntu up?

Is there any way to solve it?

I think for that processor it is not all that slow.  You could try boot chart to see if it tells you anything useful.

I had a similar problem, and someone on a forum suggested this could be due to CD drives with CD's in them (even though the CD's are not themselves being booted).

That fixed my problem--with a CD in, my system boots quickly. You might try this.


Changed GRUB settings now can't load Ubuntu I changed the timer setting on GRUB to 0 seconds, this was accidental.

Now my computer boots straight into Windows 8 as this was my default GRUB option.

Since the GRUB menu no longer appears (as the delay is 0 seconds) I can't boot into Ubuntu.

Is there any way to change the GRUB settings from Windows OR boot into Ubuntu in another way?

Any help would be much appreciated.

Thanks

Download Boot repair tool from the following link:http://sourceforge.net/projects/boot-repair-cd/files/
Then burn it on CD or put it on USB key via Unetbootin.
Insert the Boot-Repair-Disk and reboot the PC.
Select Advanced option. There you can find boot menu timer option. Change as you like and apply.
Shut down your computer and remove boot cd and start again.

Just load up your Ubuntu CD/DVD and instead of installing, just choose the 'Try it out' option. You'll be able to edit the grub.cfg file on the partition you installed Ubuntu on and change the timeout.

Good luck!


Problem with terminal's font I recently installed Ubuntu 16.04. It's the terminal font that's been really bugging me. It's weirdly spaced. From the  posts I read, I think what I'm seeing is fixed spaced font, but I don't see an option to uncheck it in the menu anywhere. I'd appreciate any help I can get on this.

Update 1 : Attaching screenshot.

Have you installed the ttf-ubuntu-font-family package?

Sometimes if not installed correctly, it can mess up word spacing.

Also, not sure if this applies in 16.06, from the terminal, then Edit Menu , then Profile Preferences and in the General tab re-check "Use System fixed width font"


Gparted won't read partition table I just recently removed two Linux operating systems (mint and ubuntu) from my computer, which also contains a windows vista installation. I removed both with the "OSremover" found on boot-repair-disk's live image.

Before removing Ubuntu I forgot that I had encrypted the home directory. The removal worked just fine, and now I can boot into windows as usual.

However, now that I'm trying to install a new Linux OS, I can see that gparted doesn't recognize any partitions on my disk and it says that all of the space there is unallocated. I checked with the disk management service on windows and it can see all my partitions just fine, even the ones I previously used for the two Linux installations (which I've deleted and merged with my windows partition).

I have no idea what's going on, I've tried fixing the mbr with bootrec /fixmbr but that didn't do anything. Also, running fdisk -l from a live image of elementary-os lists my partitions as they should be.

I'm adding outputs from the from the sudo fdisk -l /dev/sda and /sudo parted /dev/sda print commands as per Rod Smith's suggestion. First, fdisk:

Disk /dev/sda: 250.1 GB, 250059350016 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 30401 cylinders, total 488397168 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xcab10bee

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *          63   484458486   242229212    7  HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
/dev/sda2       484472205   488408129     1967962+   f  W95 Ext'd (LBA)
/dev/sda5       486434816   488396783      980984   82  Linux swap / Solaris

Now, parted:

Error: Can't have a partition outside the disk!

Hope this helps.

Solution:

Ran fixparts and it automatically fixed the error on execution, just had to save the new table with the w command.

Concern:

Received the following message:

Warning: 0xEE partition doesn't start on sector 1. This can cause problems
in some OSes.

Chances are your partition table is damaged, or possibly just a little bit odd. GParted tends to show disks with such partition tables as being completely empty (with no partitions), which is unhelpful.

The solution is to fix the partition table. Unfortunately, it's unclear from your post exactly what's wrong with the partition table. Posting the output of sudo fdisk -l /dev/sda and of sudo parted /dev/sda print might give some clues about what's wrong.

You could also try running my FixParts on the disk, although it's probably better to try to figure out what's wrong first. FixParts can fix a number of common problems, but if used inappropriately it could conceivably cause more damage -- hence my recommendation to post your partition data here first. (You can add this information by editing your post. Be sure to add four spaces to the start of each line of program output; this is a flag to the forum software to preserve the formatting.) Please add a comment to this answer if you add this information; that way I'll notice and check back.

EDIT: Your problem is that your disk is 488,397,168 sectors long, but your extended partition extends out to sector 488,408,129. Fortunately, the logical partition within the extended partition is of legal size. This is one of the problems that FixParts can fix, so try using it. Be sure to read its documentation first. The solution is fairly simple, but you have to know at least the basics of how to use the program; it won't guide you by the hand through the process.

Gparted is unable to read the partition table of your HDD. Take a back-up of your HDD, then boot to Live Image, open the Gparted,and go to  Device > Create partition table.

**

  Note that the by creating/recreating the partition table you'll lose
  all your data on the Hard Disk. So make a Backup first.
  Do it on your own risk.

**


Control mouse pointer with keyboard without a number pad I have dell laptop which does not have a numberpad, only a set of numbers above the qwerty layout.

I want to be able to control the mouse cursor with my arrow keys.

I activated the mouse keys by going to "System Setting" -> "Universal Access" -> "Pointing and Clicking" and activate "Mouse Keys"

But still, I am unable to control the mouse cursor.

How do I get this going so I don't have to take my hands off the keyboard?

Since you don't have a NumPad, I don't think there is a way to get the normal Accessibility "mousekeys" that you're looking for.

You can use keynav instead (as suggested by sum2000) although that is a rather different experience.

You can configure it as follows (in ~/.keynavrc) to use the normal Arrowkeys, if that
s what you want:

Left cut-left
Down cut-down
Up cut-up
Right cut-right
control+Left move-left
control+Down move-down
control+Up move-up
control+Right move-right

It's in the repositories for Ubuntu 11.10, so

sudo apt-get install keynav

should work.

First of all, i would suggest the normal way of doing it,Here it is,

It can help out partially . System -> Settings -> Assistive Technologies; then Keyboard Accessibility, under "Mouse Buttons"

Also using Shortcuts may help you too.

another way is using ctrl-shift-numlock that is supposed to be the key combo that will let you move the cursor with the keyboard, you can control the mouse from keyboard. Keys / and * on the numpad select left mouse click and right mouse click respectively. Mouse click is done by 5 on the numpad.

But as you are saying, you need something more ,then

here: http://www.semicomplete.com/projects/keynav/. And here is a demo of keynav in action

It is tested on Ubuntu 10.10 and it works fine. You have to install libxdo-dev before it would build (make), but then it ran fine. Note there's no 'make install' target, so just copy the keynav binary it builds to someplace in your path (~/bin, /opt/bin, etc).

Doesn't work awesome with dual monitors.Edit: NM. Split at least once, than use Shift+[hjkl] to move the divider around. That can jump you to the other screen.


Can't get my Belkin N150 wireless adapter to work, stuck on "setting network address" I have installed Kubuntu 15.10 and everything is great, aside from the fact that I just cannot get my Belkin N150 Wireless USB adapter to connect to my wifi.

It shows my Network, but when I try to connect it gets stuck on "Setting network address", until it shows the notification "IP configuration is unavailable".

What makes this so strange is that I can get the adapter to work without any issues on other Linux distros like Mint or Manjaro, it's just Kubuntu that wont work with it.

I can also use different wireless adapters, I borrowed my brother's and it connected just fine.

I'm super confused by this all and really need some help!

Thanks a million,

Alex

Open or search for the application Software Sources.
Click the rightmost tab: "proprietary drivers" or so.
Check all the boxes listed. (pass if none are)
When a window appears asking to update, click Ok or so.
When that finishes, click the leftmost tab and ensure that both universe and multiverse are checked (or whatever).
Close Software Sources, then open a terminal and run:

sudo apt-get update; sudo apt-get upgrade

Reboot.
Try to connect to WiFi.
If this does not work, search online for how to install proprietary drivers for your device.


Why is the dash so unresponsive, and is there a way to fix this? I just upgraded to 12.04. When I press the super key to open the dash, there's a lag of 1-3 seconds before it displays, with no other programs running. (This is similar, but not identical, to the issue described in Dash application search unresponsive at startup about 11.10.) At login time, this lag is up to 10 seconds, and sometimes the dash doesn't respond at all to the super key.

In contrast, the launcher Kupfer immediately responds to its hotkey, in milliseconds, and responds to my typing an application name also in fractions of a second.

Is there a way to load the dash in memory or a RAM disk of some sort to make it more responsive?

Use Compiz config setting manager and go to:

Ubuntu Unity Plugin -> Experimental -> Dash Blur

Setting it to No blur improved thing massively for me.

I had similar troubles. Using the Compiz Config Settings Manager (ccsm) I modified the window fade-in/out values, everything is responding faster.


lxsession-default-apps fails to update Each time I run sudo apt-get update and then sudo apt-get upgrade, the program lxsession-default-apps is available for update but I always get an error that it can't update.

How do I fix this?

Edit: Fixed it by using sudo dpkg --force-all -i [app name here]


Ubuntu 18.04 doesn't connect to WPA/WPA2 Enterprise PEAP MSCHAPv2 network I recently got Ubuntu 18.04, but it doesn't connect to my school wifi. Details:

WPA/WPA2 Enterprise
PEAP
MSCHAPv2
Credentials are correct

I've seen others saying to remove system-ca-certs=true from the network configuration file found in /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections but I can't find that line anywhere. Is it because I haven't upgraded from 16.04 to 18.04 but got 18.04 clean? Or anything else? Is there another solution or a patch?

I have this same issue, and have tried many suggestions online to fix it. I believe this is something that the network administrators specify.
My solution was just to install Windows in VirtualBox and use that to sign into the network, and then I am able to access it in Ubuntu.
Messy and not an ideal solution but it works.


What is the current status of the performance of nVidia vs ATI video cards? Which is probably better for a new machine running Ubuntu?

In terms of hardware, I think at this moment ATI is providing more bang for your buck, with many cheap cards outperforming NVIDIA cards of the same value.

However, while ATI's open-source drivers are continuing to improve, I don't think they (nor the binary fglrx driver) compare with NVIDIA's proprietary driver -- yet. If you're using a typical desktop/office machine, you may be okay with a nice ATI card and either set of drivers. However, if you plan on doing any gaming, I think you may have less of a hassle using NVIDIA. So, at this point in time, I'd say an NVIDIA video card may be your best bet purely because of the drivers.

I have an NVIDIA GTS 250 and it's been running without issue, except for a text rendering bug in 10.10 (which is still beta) which has already been fixed in a newer driver.

Certain nVidia cards have no Free Software Driver (edit to add: Nouveau doesn't support all nvidia cards). When a security upgrade to Xorg breaks ABI compatibility and therefore breaks your driver, you're stuck on SVGA...well, that's if you're lucky.

With the AMD/ATi driver you have a Free Software Driver that is upgraded when Xorg is upgraded. It is not dependent upon the manufacturer to support it, even if you choose to use the proprietary driver.


Failed to load module fglrx (module does not exist 0) on Backtrack 5 I have uninstalled fglrx modules and ati modules in order to re-install them.after the rebooting the i cant come up with GUI....
On startx it displays

Failed to load module fglrx (module does not exist 0)
No drivers available
ddxsiggiveup :closing log
giving up
xinit: No such file or directory (errno 2).unable to connect to Xserver
xinit : No such process(errno 3): Server Error

Try:

sudo apt-get install fglrx fglrx-amdcccle

If that doesn't work:

sudo apt-get purge xorg-driver-fglrx fglrx*
sudo apt-get install fglrx fglrx-amdcccle

If that doesn't work then there's definetley something wrong with the driver or possibly your hardware (not likeley).

sudo apt-get purge xorg-driver-fglrx fglrx*
sudo apt-get install --reinstall libgl1-mesa-glx libgl1-mesa-dri fglrx-modaliases
sudo dpkg-reconfigure xserver-xorg

...And (you will probrably need this in the future and it told system settings what driver I was using) install mesa-utils.

sudo apt-get install mesa-utils

Delete /etc/X11/xorg.conf and try again.


Unity launcher: Tor Browser opens as Firefox icon I have installed TorBrowser through TorBrowser-Launcher and pinned it to my Unity launcher.

Now whenever I start it, it show up in the launcher as Firefox.
I know that TorBrowser is a modified Firefox version, but I would really like if I could modify the .desktop file or anything to make it visible from the dock which browser is opened.

Is this possible or will the Firefox launcher always react on TorBrowser?

PS: My usr/share/applications/torbrowser.desktop file:

$  cat /usr/share/applications/torbrowser.desktop
[Desktop Entry]
Name=Tor Browser
Comment=Launch the Tor Browser Bundle
Exec=/usr/bin/torbrowser-launcher %u
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Icon=/usr/share/pixmaps/torbrowser80.xpm
Categories=Network;WebBrowser;
MimeType=x-scheme-handler/http;x-scheme-handler/https;

I cannot vouch for the safety (in terms of Tor's purposes and goals) of the next solution, but this is what I did in my own case.

I suppose that you already have tor browser registered as an app in your system, but if you don't than run this command from the directory containing the unpacked stuff, it must be something like:

~/tor-browser_en-US

And run this command:

~/tor-browser_en-US$ ./start-tor-browser.desktop --register-app

Then the solution itself. You should have a launcher file ~/.local/share/applications/start-tor-browser.desktop file. Drag it to your launcher bar.
And in the file itself change the line:

Exec=sh -c '"/home/<username>/tor-browser_en-US/Browser/start-tor-browser" --detach || ([ !  -x "/home/<username>/tor-browser_en-US/Browser/start-tor-browser" ] && "$(dirname "$*")"/Browser/start-tor-browser --detach)' dummy %k

to this one (with substitution of the username properly):

Exec=/home/<username>/tor-browser_en-US/Browser/start-tor-browser

That is make it to call the executable directly, not via a shell.

That's it, but I would like to repeat that I'm not sure how these changes affect the abilities of Tor browser. I suppose that nothing harmful was done.

The problem went away, but I don't know why.

After torbrowser upgraded itself to version 5.0.2 or maybe even a bit earlier, it lights up its own icon when running instead of the Firefox one.

I am unable to explain the reason for this, as the torbrowser.desktop file still is the same as described in my question...


Won't wake up after suspend I have freshly installed and updated 13.10
I suspended it for first time yesterday and today it wouldn't start up but just show a blank black page. The monitor goes in power save mode after a while. So nothing happens.

the PC has 12GB ram and 13000 mbytes of swap partition if that matters.

I am/was having the same issue. Computer has blank screen after resume. It appears that the backlight is just not illuminating because I feel like I can see everything just without light.

HP Compaq Presario F763NR attempting to run with Ubuntu 13.10

I found, however, that I could 'wake' the system by Ctrl-Alt-F5, then Ctrl-Alt-F7.

First, before this - in order to prevent the computer from crashing when accessing Search your Computer and Resources - I was required to install the System Settings > Software & Updates > Additional Drivers > Using NVIDIA binary Xorg driver, kernel module and VDPAU library from nvidia-304-updates (proprietary).

Solution: create the file /etc/pm/sleep.d/99_wake_hack to contain:

#!/bin/sh
#
# Action script to activate the screen on resume.
# Without this script, the screen remains blank.
#

PATH=/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin

case "${1}" in
    hibernate|suspend)
            #nothing
            ;;
    resume|thaw)
            chvt 5 && sleep 1 && chvt 7 &
            ;;
esac

Essentially, I am switching the foreground virtual terminals. There is a command for this: chvt 5 && chvt 7. I require the sleep 1 and need execute in parallel (&) because the fix does not work if the chvt 7 happens before the wake_hack script (and other resume scripts) are complete.

I look forward to hearing better solutions to this problem.

I pressed Fn+F3 (on my laptop: HP Pavilion dv6 3052) for increasing brightness of display and my problem was solved.


Ubuntu 14.04 Wireless Problem! Dell Inspiron 1564 I have an problem with the wireless driver on my laptop: I can see other topics about this but they're not very helpful.
The most popular is installing with software & update/ Additional Drivers but it doesn't work.

See screenshot below:

)

I think this is my driver but I can't install it

http://www.broadcom.com/support/802.11/linux_sta.php

How should I proceed?

Your wireless may not work on this type of issue too. Before installing a ubuntu OS on to your pc check the property of your processor. if the processor is 64-bit based then download 64-bit os. Don't download a 32-bit os. As the hardware inside your pc are 64-bit based. 32-bit os may struggle to open them. This is how i managed to make my wireless work.


How do I get and install an unmodified kernel? So, I want to learn how to develop drivers for Linux.

And for that I heard it's recommended to use an unmodified kernel, since distributions can patch/change it a lot.

I downloaded Ubuntu 10.04 (lucid): http://releases.ubuntu.com/lucid/ubuntu-10.04.1-desktop-i386.iso.torrent

I found this page: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/MainlineBuilds

How do I know what's the most compatible kernel version for that Ubuntu release ?

I could not understand from the wiki page.

If you click through to see what's available, you'll see that many of the kernels end in the release name (that is -maverick, -lucid etc).

The most compatible ones will be the ones for the release you're using. In your case, 10.04 is Lucid.

But it is usually possible to mismatch versions pretty heavily. I used a -maverick kernel on Lucid for quite a while and then switched back to compiling them straight from kernel.org myself (as I still do).

all your need is compile a kernel from source here you have all information you need for this purpose, how to get as oli say, what package do you need, how to install, etc..


How do I set an environment variable in a Unity session? As a work-around to an issue with ibus, I'm trying to unset the variable $IBUS_ENABLE_SYNC_MODE. I have tried placing "unset IBUS_ENABLE_SYNC_MODE" in various places including:

.profile
.bashrc
/etc/environment
as a startup application

However, none of this is reflected in applications launched in Unity; for example, when I launch a terminal from Unity the result is:

~$ echo $IBUS_ENABLE_SYNC_MODE
1

Where should I set this variable so that Unity sources it properly?

Edit: The reason why my attempts are not working was because IBUS_ENABLE_SYNC_MODE is set internally by Unity code on start-up. So, short of modifying and recompiling Unity by hand, this does not have a solution.

The easy way to set personal environment variables for Unity (or any other X session) is to add them to the file $HOME/.xsessionrc.  These variables are seen by everything launched in the session, via menus, GUIs, terminal windows, etc.  For example, put this text in $HOME/.xsessionrc:

# File sourced by /etc/X11/Xsession, for setting environment variables, etc.
export FOOVAR=testing

Log out and back in, then from a shell window:

my-pc> echo $FOOVAR
testing

Tested under 12.04, using Unity.  But this feature is implemented by the /etc/X11/Xsession script used by many types of desktop session, so it should work with any session type.  See the Xsession man page.

I don't know what you are trying to do with this but usually every variable that needs to be "global" is set or unset in /etc/bash.bashrc so you have to edit this file.


Asus K751LJ-TY316T touchpad not detected / working under Ubuntu 14.04 There is no "touchpad" section in system settings->mouse and touch-pad. Fn+F9 just shows a crossed out touch-pad symbol.

⎡ Virtual core pointer                      id=2    [master pointer  (3)]
⎜   ↳ Virtual core XTEST pointer                id=4    [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎜   ↳ HID 04b4:0033                             id=10   [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎣ Virtual core keyboard                     id=3    [master keyboard (2)]
    ↳ Virtual core XTEST keyboard               id=5    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Power Button                              id=6    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Video Bus                                 id=7    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Video Bus                                 id=8    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Sleep Button                              id=9    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ USB Camera                                id=11   [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Asus WMI hotkeys                          id=12   [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ AT Translated Set 2 keyboard              id=13   [slave  keyboard (3)]
[    2.065554] pnp: PnP ACPI init
[    2.065792] pnp 00:01: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs SYN0a2d SYN0a00 SYN0002 PNP0f13 (active)
[    2.065825] pnp 00:02: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs ATK3001 PNP030b (active)
[    2.065940] pnp 00:04: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0b00 (active)
[    2.066860] pnp: PnP ACPI: found 8 devices
3.19.0-47-generic

You should try to get a usb mouse and update ubuntu. The update will fix your issue!

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

after a restart you should be up and running! Good Luck, Let me know if you need more help


A TPM error (7) occurred attempting to read a pcr value I had tried a command (I do not remember it) with the terminal of Ubuntu, and the computer shut down. Now when I boot it, it says :-

  [     4.562057] ACPI PCC probe failed.
  [     4.615205 tpm_tis 00:05: A TPM error (7) occurred attempting to read a pcr value
  Target filesystem doesn't have requested /sbin/init.
  No init found. Try passing init= bootargw

  Busybox v1.21.1 (ubuntu 1:1.21.0-1ubuntu1) built in shell (ash)
  Enter 'help' for a list of built-in commands.

  (Initramfs)

First of all TPM is:

  Trusted Platform Module (TPM) is an international standard for a
  secure cryptoprocessor, which is a dedicated microprocessor designed
  to secure hardware by integrating cryptographic keys into devices.

  In practice a TPM can be used for various different security
  applications such as secure boot and key storage.

  TPM is naturally supported only on devices that have TPM hardware
  support. If your hardware has TPM support but it is not showing up, it
  might need to be enabled in the BIOS settings.

1. So if you do not need use the TPM feature you can disable it via the BIOS settings. I have a machine with Phoenix BIOS and these settings are placed within the Security section.

2. Also you can ignore the TPM feature through the Ubuntu settings. Just type this command:

echo "blacklist tpm_tis" | sudo tee -a /etc/modprobe.d/tpm_tis.conf

Where the command tee -a will append the echoed line (blacklist tpm_tis) into the end of /etc/modprobe.d/tpm_tis.conf or will create the file if it's doesn't exists.

3. Sources and other solutions:

ArchWiki: Trusted Platform Module
A TPM error (6) occurred attempting to read a pcr value
A tpm error (7) occurred attempting to read a pcr value in centos

This error can be corrected as follows. It occurs when there is an error in the superblocks of the hard disk. Boot with a live CD or bootable USB with any Linux distribution, you can use KDE Partition Manager or GParted. Check and repair the partitions you have, executing the following command; e2fsck -f -y -v /dev/sdX (replace X with the desired partition letter). Reboot with sudo reboot.


How do I fix a "Failed to download package files" error? After I installed Ubuntu , I cannot update any software with the error message "failed to download package files". After having googled, I have tried:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
changed to another sources

But I still got the same error message. And there is no problem with internet connection as i can connect to internet using Firefox in Ubuntu.

Any ideas?

Press Alt+F2 and type software-properties-gtk.

Change the download location to Main Server or another server close to the country you live in and try to sudo apt-get update again.

I'm on Linux Mint, which is Ubuntu at its base (which is Debian at its base),
anyway, very probably this will work...

"Open Software Sources from the menu,
click the Maintenance button
and there click the Fix MergeList Issue button."

-- said kc1di at the Linux Mint forum

please don't thank me for this, I'm only sharing the solution that worked like charm for me just a minute ago... (2020, 02 18)


How do I install MATLAB R2012b via the ISO file? I want a quick and simple tutorial on "install MATLAB R2012b via the ISO file on my ubuntu 12.10". As you know i have the iso file. Consider that i'm new to linux and ubuntu.
Help me please!

Best solution is to try an alternative. QtOctave. It works almost fine for me. But if you want to definitely use Matlab, the long but perfectly working solution is to install XP through VirtualBox and get Matlab running in seamless mode.


How do I get long command lines to wrap to the next line? Something I have noticed in Ubuntu for a long time that has been frustrating to me is when I am typing a command at the command line that gets longer (wider) than the terminal width, instead of wrapping to a new line, it goes back to column 1 on the same line and starts over-writing the beginning of my command line. (It doesn't actually overwrite the actual command, but visually, it is overwriting the text that was displayed).

It's hard to explain without seeing it, but let's say my terminal was 20 characters wide (Mine is more like 120 characters - but for the sake of an example), and I want to echo the English alphabet.  What I type is this:

echo abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz

But what my terminal looks like before I hit the  key is:

pqrstuvwxyzghijklmno

When I hit enter, it echos

abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz

so I know the command was received properly.  It just wrapped my typing after the "o" and started over on the same line.

What I would expect to happen, if I typed this command in on a terminal that was only 20 characters wide would be this:

echo abcdefghijklmno
pqrstuvwxyz

Background: I am using bash as my shell, and I have this line in my ~/.bashrc:

set -o vi

to be able to navigate the command line with VI commands.  I am currently using Ubuntu 10.10 server, and connecting to the server with Putty.

In any other environment I have worked in, if I type a long command line, it will add a new line underneath the line I am working on when my command gets longer than the terminal width and when I keep typing I can see my command on 2 different lines.  But for as long as I can remember using Ubuntu, my long commands only occupy 1 line.

This also happens when I am going back to previous commands in the history (I hit Esc, then 'K' to go back to previous commands) - when I get to a previous command that was longer than the terminal width, the command line gets mangled and I cannot tell where I am at in the command.

The only work-around I have found to see the entire long command is to hit "Esc-V", which opens up the current command in a VI editor.

I don't think I have anything odd in my .bashrc file.  I commented out the "set -o vi" line, and I still had the problem.

I downloaded a fresh copy of Putty and didn't make any changes to the configuration - I just typed in my host name to connect, and I still have the problem, so I don't think it's anything with Putty (unless I need to make some config changes)

Has anyone else had this problem, and can anyone think of how to fix it?

Edit

It was my .bashrc file.  I've copied the same profile from machine to machine, and I used special characters in my $PS1 that are somehow throwing it off.  I'm now sticking with the standard bash variables for my $PS1.

Thanks to @ændrük for the tip on the .bashrc!

...End Edit...

Make sure all non-printable bytes in your PS1 are contained within \[ \]. Otherwise, bash will count them in the length of the prompt. It uses the length of the prompt to determine when to wrap the line.

For example, here bash counts the prompt as 19 columns wide, while the prompt displayed by the terminal is only 10 columns wide (My prompt written in cyan, and > written in default color):

PS1='\e[36mMy prompt\e[0m>'         # bash count: 19, actual: 10

while here it only counts the prompt as 10 columns wide because it ignores the bytes between the special \[ and \] escapes:

PS1='\[\e[36m\]My prompt\[\e[0m\]>' # bash count: 10, actual: 10

For good practice though, use tput to generate the terminal escapes rather than hard coding them:

cyan=$(tput setaf 6) # \e[36m
reset=$(tput sgr0)   # \e[0m
PS1='\[$cyan\]My prompt\[$reset\]>'

See http://mywiki.wooledge.org/BashFAQ/053, and also http://wiki.bash-hackers.org/scripting/terminalcodes for more on tput.

I had this problem when connected in tmux. The problem was that I had an ipython session in the background (ctrl + z) and that somehow broke line wrapping. As soon as I terminated it (fg, ctrl+d+d) my terminal started working properly

So check for any stopped interactive prompts.


Less graphics power all the sudden (Intel HD 3000) I have a Intel Sandy Bridge i5 with the HD 3000 graphics card. I used to be able to play Urban Terror and Nexuiz comfortably with 85 and 60 frames per seconds until mid/end of October 2012, the former even on a full HD display with that many frames.

Now I have around 30 to 45 on the smaller laptop screen and around 20 to 30 on the external monitor. Did something happen to Kubuntu 12.04 so that it has less graphics performance than previously?

Update

I looked into the system monitor and could not detect anything being at the maximum. The four CPU cores were pretty much bored, the 8 GB RAM were filled with maybe 2 GB. And I ran intel_cpu_top and did not notice anything at its limit. See the output.

after Kernel bisecting

I now did a kernel bisect and tried 3.2.0-23, 3.2.0-27, 3.2.0-29 and 3.2.0-30 and all had full graphics power. Interestingly, I then had full power when I just booted back into the regular 3.2.0-32 kernel. This does not make sense to me …

the hardware

Lenovo ThinkPad X220
Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-2520M CPU @ 2.50GHz
Intel HD 3000 Graphics Card (in the CPU)
8 GB RAM
Kubuntu 12.04 LTS

I know Intel has had a number of issues with the Linux kernel driver,
As these articles will show.

Tweaks To Extend The Battery Life Of Intel Linux Notebooks

RC6 power savings Disabled For Linux 3.2

however if you are comfortable with adding kernel command-line parameters you might try using the i915.i915_enable_rc6=1 or the pcie_aspm=force option to get your graphics back up to par. Just be on the lookout for possible overheating and/or lockups.

It happens when your cores are dormant , Sometimes your cores do not know when to wake up so they basicly fall asleep , They ussually wake up when you launch a heavy duty application or restart then launch it , It happens even on windows

On windows , When you launch a application it starts with all cores , Then as it gets used to it being open , It only uses the core it needs and the rest "Hibernate" to save energy and also to not overheat your system , Same logic works in Kubuntu , Ubuntu , and other Linux Distro;s

Question to the asker : Should I upgrade to Kubuntu from Ubuntu?

Note - The Cores are never always on , They are only on when your running a game like World Of Warcraft on a low-end computer exceeding your RAM limit so your cores turn on to try to stabilize the amount , Computers have multile backup plans , When your computer can't stabize , It goes into Core Recovery mode so it either gives you a warning ,  Dormants your laptop , Or your processor get "errored out" since your processes are causing a chaotic mess of your computer!


How to listen to radio flash, a media player? I would like to hear radio from streaming flash, eg http://www.los40principales.com.ar/player/player.htm .  I can hear it from firefox, but I wonder if it is possible to listen to the radio in audacious through a plugin or something. Greetings and thanks in advance

i have audacious 3.3.1 ubuntu 12.04 64 bits

You need flash player to play. You might have flash but the current version of flash (flash 11) have various issues. You need to downgrade flash to a previous verion.

Here is what you can do: (Im assuming you have flash 11 and firefox 14.0.1):

Download this file : http://www.ziddu.com/download/20225702/libflashplayer.zip.html

Create a folder "plugins" under "/home/YOUR-USER-NAME/.mozilla/firefox/"

Like this:  /home/leopard/.mozilla/firefox/plugins

Extract the zip and copy the downloaded "libflashplayer.so" to "/home/leopard/.mozilla/firefox/plugins"

Open nautilus as Admin. Go to "/usr/lib/adobe-flashplugin". Delete the "libflashplayer.so" there.

Copy the extracted "libflashplayer.so" there.

Restart firefox.


Installing firmware-b43-installer in terminal, get E: Could not get lock /var/lib/dpkg/lock I am getting the following error message. Please help

$sudo apt-get install firmware-b43-installer
[sudo] password for sophon:
E: Could not get lock /var/lib/dpkg/lock - open (11: Resource temporarily unavailable)
E: Unable to lock the administration directory (/var/lib/dpkg/), is another process using it?

In terminal run the following:

sudo rm /var/lib/dpkg/lock

This will remove the lock in dpkg. Now run:

sudo apt-get install firmware-b43-installer

Might be you have opened ubuntu-software-center or synaptic or some other installation program, and thats why you are getting this error message.


Fixing different cursor sizes in unity I'm running ubuntu 14.10 on a macbook pro with retina display (2560x1600)

I have set "Scale for menu and titlebars" in Sytem Settings --> Display to 1.75 which scales up fine.

The cursor however behaves rather weird:

In unity and when resizing windows it is tiny and hard to use
In applications such as firefox, terminal it has a reasonable size

What does cause this "two cursor sizes" and how can I fix it. Thanks a lot.

I had the same problem, upgrading to 15.04 solved it.

Documentation on the process can be found here


Manual LVM encryption setup with Ubuntu 13.04 I am trying hard to get ubiquity works. The thing is that I want to setup Ubuntu 13.04 on a full encrypted LVM aside a Windows installation. So I can't use the default option of full disk encryption.

The issue is when I try to use a partition as physical encryption volume I always get an error concerning keyfile.

And if I make the partition before launching ubiquity, then I get an error when I try to make the mapping between logical volumes and mount points.

This was working great with alternate CD (or USB) but since they shutdown this Ubuntu image, I'm stuck.

Maybe it is time to look for another Linux distro or maybe someone has a solution...

Use the server CD image.

You'll get a full fledged advanced installer like the alternate installer, but it won't install any GUI. Install it afterwards using an APT task. E.g. for regular Ubuntu:

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop^

or KDE/Kubuntu:

sudo apt-get install kubuntu-desktop^

(the caret is not a typo). Ubuntu is just a set of packages and while the several flavours install different packages by default, you can just change that.

Ever since 12.04 the separate server flavour of the kernel has been dropped and merged with the desktop flavour, so you don't have to deal with that.

Here's the bug report for implementing manual LVM partitioning in combination with encryption in the desktop installer: [FFe] [UIFe] Manual Partitioning Crypt  and a blueprint: Improving support for LVM & LUKS encryption within Ubiquity.

It is time then to move on then.

Ubuntu installer is broken now. They used Debian installer in the past (up to 12.04) for advanced setups, but now you only have the "unified" installer, made by Canonical, which is simply broken when it comes to encrypted LVM installations. I've tried using my old encrypted LVM volumes, entered passphrase and it simply reformatted them into ext4 partitions without any warning, wiping all my data. There were no option to use encrypted volumes as LVM PVs at all either.

My advice is just to stay away from Ubuntu if you're past oversimplified setups. Both Fedora 18 and Debian 7 do what you want just fine. Debian 7 is being released this weekend, btw.


How to restart WiFi connection? I think I do not have problem with hardware. Sometimes the WiFi connection simply disconnects, apparently. So this is not necessarily the same as this case, I might not need to reload any modules.

But how to just restart wlan0? I tried restart network-manager, but this seems to leave wlan0 alone.

You just need to restart Network Manager:

sudo service network-manager restart

The workaround using "systemctl restart NetworkManager" works for me on two different notebooks with Broadcom and Atheros WiFi under Debian Buster and Ubuntu 19.04 - where the problem with "wifi won't wake up on resume" happens on every fourth resume or so (= it typically works just fine.)
I've first tried creating a desktop launcher to invoke the wifi reset manually, which works, and requires a password - but then I found several notes by people putting the reset curse into places in the system that run scripts after resume. Namely, /lib/systemd/system-sleep/ looks like a good place to put your script. And, the script should better test some conditions (obtained via cmdline arguments) to know that it's the right time to reset the NetworkManager. Apologies for linking instead of cutting and pasting - I haven't asked this particular author's permission, and he may enjoy upvotes too, for his YouTube contribution (straight to the point, and well narrated).

Other than that, I've noticed some very simple and direct solutions to the original problem from Ubuntu 16.04: wifi.scan-rand-mac-address=no in NetworkManager.conf or even just apt-get update && apt-get upgrade . Those are the optimal solution to the particular bug in 16.04. They possibly are not a solution to other misc problems of this kind, that can be worked around by the heavy-handed (but fairly swift) restart of NetworkManager on every resume from suspend.


\w is not abbreviating $HOME as ~ I'm SSHing into my schools linux servers, and My PS1 is currently set to:

PS1="$USER@${HOSTNAME%%.*} (\w) % "

and when I first connect my prompt correctly shows:

myusername@servername (~) %

but once I cd to any other directory, $HOME is no longer abbreviated as ~. Even if I cd back to ~, $HOME is still expanded in the directory. Isn't \w always supposed to abbreviate?

Thanks for any help/tips.

I run into a similar problem with one user in my systems. Additionally, she had problems to change password, but root was able to change it (I run debian stretch).
For some unknown reason her account was created with this problem, yet everything else worked fine. Solution:
sudo usermod -d /home/User_Directory User_Name

and both problems were solved.


Computer froze when installing Ubuntu I was installing Ubuntu on my Windows 7 laptop (creating a dual boot) and the wifi doesn't work on the laptop so I had to plug it in on the slower connection, and when it was trying to download the language packs it froze and has now been frozen for almost half an hour! What should I do? Any help appreciated thanks.

Windows turns of the wifi card  when it's shut down. When you start Ubuntu you have to toggle the wifi card (there should be a button or switch) and then reboot.  Also, make sure that "enable wireless" has a check next to it in the drop down menu from the icon in the top left. That should take care of the wifi issue.

Which version of Ubuntu are you trying to install? I noticed on 11.10 that everything went way smoother if I didn't select for additional drivers and updates to be installed during the OS's installation. So, try a plain install and add everything else after the update once you first boot.

If you were installing to a new partition: start again. (i.e. try ctrl-alt-del, or, worst case, turn it off on the switch and turn it back on again.) There's no damage in it, and it's the simplest way to make sure that you end up with a full and complete install.

If it crashes again, however, the problem might be a bit more serious and we'll try and sort it out.


Why will Ubuntu no longer measure file size unit as byte, megabyte, gigabyte, etc? I read on somewhere that Ubuntu will no longer use the familiar file size units we all know by now (kB, MB, GB, TB) and switch to a different IEC standard (KiB, MiB, GiB, TiB). If this is true, I would like to know what's the reasoning behind this change, and the impact (if any) this change has, especially with multiplatform applications or applications run with Wine.

Short answer is yes, the prefixes change. But it doesn't really make a difference.

Reasoning

There has always been confusion because decimal-style units like KB, MB, GB were used with binary data - KB meant 1024 bytes, not 1000 bytes as might be expected. And of course many people throughout the world use the actual decimal prefixes in their daily lives under the metric system.

Network engineers and long-time computer users of course are trained to understand the difference, but the ongoing confusion meant applications were inconsistent in their usage; one application might use MB to mean 1,000,000 bytes (using the decimal prefix), while another might mean 1,048,576 bytes (using the binary interpretation).

This led to Ubuntu eventually adopting a new units policy.

Impact

The impact is really just a display issue. File sizes and network bandwidth will be displayed using the decimal prefixes, so a 5kB file will actually be 5000 bytes. This is actually in line with what many (most?) people expect.

Memory usage and some low-level utilities will display sizes using the binary prefixes (KiB, MiB, GiB, TiB). This may cause some initial confusion but is actually better than the status quo where we have one prefix meaning two different things.

Since Windows still uses the old, ad-hoc system a Wine application might display slightly different file sizes for the same file. However I at least often see different sizes displayed anyway due to rounding methods, so I'm not convinced it's a major issue.

See also:

What file size units do applications on Ubuntu use?

It is indeed confusing what happened regarding the changes of designation of sizes back in 1998 and would have been much simpler if they had simply added a new set in powers of 10 as a new designation but sadly they did not do so because the reasoning at the time was centered around correcting the etymology of the word used "Kilo" so all the original sizes based on powers of 2 (1024) were all given new names and new designations and then the new power of 10 numbers assumed the pre-1998 original label names.

So let the confusion begin:

Prior to 1998, a Kilobyte meant 1024 bytes and was designated as K or KB.

After 1998, the original pre-1998 Kilobyte was renamed to Kibibyte and
given the new designation K or KiB and a brand new post 1998 Kilobyte
was created which is 1000 bytes and has the shorthand designation KB
so that today we have the following:

1 KB =  1000 Bytes   (KB cannot be shortened to K)
1 KiB = 1000 Bytes   (KiB may be shortened to K)

The designations were all amended so that KB is the official shorthand that refers to the current Kilobyte (1000) while K and KiB officially are the official shorthand designations for Kibibyte (1024).

It gets especially confusing because most of us who were around the early days long before 1998 grew up used to calling Kilobytes as 1024 bytes and writing either KB or K as the shorthand designation but today that is wrong and all of us doing this are actually referring to "Kibibytes" when we say "Kilobytes" and often using the wrong designation per officially inacted world standards set forth by the IEC back in 1998 which is confusing a bit but would not be so bad except that there is now even 18 years later many people who still do not realize that K and KB are NOT the same and are totally different.

So there really is actually a difference between "K" (1024) and "KB" (1000)!

This incidentally is also the very reason why hard drives always seem to have much less space than they advertised but the hard drive manufacturers are the ones who are correct and are using the present day proper standards when they write "Terabyte" on the packaging when the person buying the drive is actually however thinking in terms of Tebibytes and expecting space as such.

Incidentally, the difference between a 2 TB (Terabyte) and a 2 T or 2 TiB drive (Tebibyte) is a very sizable huge 199,023,255,552 bytes smaller than what a 2 T or 2 TiB drive would be and is the difference smaller of the magnitude of a little over 185 G or GiB (Gibibytes) which is what most people ironically actually think of most often when they say "Gigabyte" albeit mistakenly.

This is one of the weird side lessor known FYI's in the computer world that is a good footnote to know and explains a few of the odd discrepancies that many people today are often completely unaware.

Many people are thinking of and saying the name "Kilobyte" (1000) when they actually are thinking of the unit "Kibibyte" (1024) and it gets more confusing as people write the shorthand interchangably but this is incorrect, the modern Kilobyte should be marked "KB" and should not be "K" or "KiB" anywhere in any documentation or program which as just explained would actually refers to Kibibyte (1024).

The shorthand designations K (1024) and KB (1000) are no longer the same thing and in the case of Kibibyte, either K or KiB may be used but not KB.

This is your brain, this is your brain on Kibibytes -- fried yet?

LOL


Window chrome disappears and reappears causing jumpy windows I'm running Ubuntu 13.10 in VirtualBox. The host machine is running Windows 7 with an ATI Radeon HD 5570 video card, 12 GB of memory, 2 quad core i7 CPUs. I've given the virtual machine 4GB of memory, 128 MB of video memory, 1 CPU, and checked the 3d acceleration box in VirtualBox (without 3d checked everything runs like molasses in the winter time).

Every 5 or 10 minutes some of my windows start flipping between a chrome state (the title bar is visible) to a no chrome state (the title bar disappears) which makes the windows jump up and down.  This happens with Chrome, Firefox, and Sublime which are pretty much the only apps I use on this box.  For Chrome and Firefox, if I delete the user preferences folder then it temporarily seems to fix things. But now it started with Sublime and I haven't found a good fix yet which means I can't currently do any work.

Here is a .gif of the problem:

Why is this happening and what do I need to do to permanently fix it?

Just a wild guess here: I had the same problem on WinXP, and forcing screen DPI helped. Here are the instructions for Ubuntu, try setting it to 120. Won't hurt anyway.
P.S. When you solve the problem, please take time to file a bug at Launchpad on it.

Hope this helps:

1>open chrome.Go to chrome://flags/ in address bar.

2>Click on reset all to default.chrome will restart.

3>Now go to chrome://gpu/

4> Check if anything is in red, there lies your problem.


Command to filter processes by name? What is the command that allows the filtering of processes via a regular expression metacharacter filter?

For example, if I wanted to filter out all processes beginning with the letter A or a, how would I implement the [Aa]$ in the overall command?

The command is pgrep.

For finding all processes that starts with A or a, only PID:

pgrep '^[Aa]'

You can use any ERE (Extended Regular Expression) pattern.

To get process name to, use -l:

pgrep -l '^[Aa]'

To get full command line, use -a:

pgrep -a '^[Aa]'

You can also match the pattern against full command line using the -f option.

Check man pgrep.

Just to note, your Regex pattern is wrong, the Regex token $ match the end of a line, not start, ^ matches start. So your pattern, [Aa]$ would match any process name (or full command line if -f is used) with A or a at end.

Also refrain from using:

ps -ef | grep ...

this is clumsy, and involves unnecessary spawning of an extra process, and an anonymous pipe where pgrep can do this easily, and in one go too. Moreover pgrep (and it's brother pkill) was specifically designed for this purpose.

ps ax| grep name_of_processes

For example:

$ ps ax |grep python

1393 pts/2    S+     0:00 grep --color=auto python
1713 ?        S      0:00 /usr/bin/python3 /usr/bin/mintupdate-launcher
1727 ?        Sl     0:01 /usr/bin/python3        /usr/lib/linuxmint/mintUpdate/mintUpdate.py

Quickest way I'm used to do and you can see the number of processes to kill if you want.

In your cases, to eliminate the grep process, you can use brackets as part of your pattern:

ps -ef | grep '[t]ty'


Can I install updates while software center is installing? I'm using Ubuntu 10.10 Maverick Meerkat in dual boot with Windows XP SP3 and am having issues while installing packages/programs in Ubuntu. Not that they don't install but parallel installation is not supported. By this i mean, I can't install updates while software center is installing. is there a way I can configure this?

You cannot install two program simultaneously in Ubuntu. If you tried this in the terminal you would have got the message that apt-get is in use by an other application and is locked. Infact if you were installing two application in the Ubuntu Software Center it would first finish the installation of the first before it starts installing the second application.

Technical Explanation

This is because Ubuntu is based on Debian and Debian package management is based on apt, which is based in turn on dpkg. dpkg uses a very simple lock-file semantic for protection of its databases. While dpkg is installing from one or more .deb packages, no other dpkg process can alter the database. Further, while one apt-get process is downloading packages, no other apt-get process can run except in download-only mode.

This is something you cannot override this atleast to my knowledge.

you can try to install trough synaptics package manager, you can search what program do you want to install ex : "internet browser".

here some exemple how to install skype from synaptics :http://www.ubuntubuzz.com/2011/03/install-firefox-4-via-apt-get-or.html

synaptics is same with apt-get install, you can use one of them