马克·加蒂斯

马克·加蒂斯（Mark Gatiss， ;）是一位英格兰演员、编剧和小说作家。他是喜剧《绅士联盟》中的一员，同时写和演了电视剧《神秘博士》和《神探夏洛克》，参与2020年电影《困在时间里的父亲》。
早年.
加蒂斯出生于英格兰塞奇菲尔德，在爱德华的精神病医院对面长大，他的父母在这家医院里工作。他小时候酷爱在电视上观看《神秘博士》和Hammer恐怖电影，阅读夏洛克·福尔摩斯和赫伯特·乔治·威尔斯和收集化石。这些爱好刺激了他成年后的创造性工作。 
他在纽顿·艾克利夫上了Heighington CE小学和Woodham综合学校；比加蒂斯小两年的保罗·马规茨也在后者上学，也写了《神秘博士》。 
早期写作.
由于他童年对《神秘博士》的喜爱，加蒂斯的早期作品都与该节目相关。他最早出版的幻想小说是一系列通过Virgin Publishing的《神秘博士》 新冒险系列故事，第一部是1992年的"Nightshade"。这些作品中，加蒂斯试图修正导致此节目在1989年取消的问题。 
他写的第一部剧本是一个BBV录像带节目，称为"P.R.O.B.E."：四部低成本，短片 《神秘博士》衍生电影。尽管这些电影中有前任博士乔恩·珀特维、科林·贝克和彼得·戴维森，但没有释出DVD版本。在2004年的一次采访中，他说不会授权重新释出，把它们看作一次练习。
他最早有对许可的《神秘博士》作出的贡献包括四部小说，四部广播剧（两部是为BBV，另两部是为Big Finish Productions）。
表演.
《绅士联盟》.
加蒂斯可能最知名于短片喜剧系列《绅士联盟》团队（与演员Reece Shearsmith、Steve Pemberton和联合编剧Jeremy Dyson一起)。他在上完大学之后花了一年环游欧洲之后，在不到20岁时上了一所戏剧学校，认识了他的联合编剧和演员。
《绅士联盟》舞台剧开始表演于1995年，1997年在Edinburgh Festival Fringe赢得了Perrier Award。同年，此节目在BBC Radio 4播出，名为"On the Town with the League of Gentlemen"，1999年开始在英国广播公司第二台电视上播出。这个电视节目让加蒂斯和他的同事赢得了英国学术电视奖、Royal Television Society奖和有名的Golden Rose of Montreux。
2005年，影片"The League of Gentlemen's Apocalypse"发布，但评价下降。这个喜剧团队没有解散，他们可能在未来重新共同工作。
其他电视工作.
加蒂斯的电视工作包括为2001年复活"Randall & Hopkirk"编剧和2003年为流行小品《小不列颠》编写脚本，并且在两个节目中都客串演出。2001年，他在"Spaced"中出演一个邪恶的公务员，这个角色模仿《骇客任务》系列电影的Agent Smith。同年，他在纪录片"SF:UK" 的一些集里。其他演出包括，喜剧戏剧"In the Red"（英国广播公司第二台，1998）、惊悚喜剧"Nighty Night"（英国广播公司第三台，2003）、Agatha Christie's Marple的The Murder at the Vicarage中演出Ronald Hawes、2004年在Vic & Bob系列"Catterick"中客串出演和在"The Quatermass Experiment"经典科幻系列的2005年重拍。
加蒂斯也两次在《神秘博士》中客串。2007年，他在「The Lazarus Experiment」中演出了Professor Lazarus。2011年在第6季「The Wedding of River Song」中演出了一个叫Gantok的角色。
2007年，他在演出了《神秘博士》编剧史蒂芬·莫法特写的英国广播公司第一台节目变身怪医中的罗伯特·路易斯·史蒂文森。2008年在"Clone"中演了Colonel Black。他也在Pemberton和Shearsmith的喜剧系列《疯城记》中客串出演。
In 2010 he also made a three-part BBC documentary series entitled "A History of Horror", a personal exploration of the history of horror cinema.
Radio, stage and film.
Gatiss appears frequently in BBC Radio productions, including the science fiction comedy "Nebulous" and "The Further Adventures of Sherlock Holmes" story "The Shameful Betrayal of Miss Emily Smith". In 2009 he was The Man in Black when BBC Radio 7 revived the character (originally played by Valentine Dyall and Edward de Souza) to introduce a series of five creepy audio dramas. He is also involved with theatre, having penned the play "The Teen People" in the early 1990s, and appeared in a successful run of the play Art in 2003 at the Whitehall Theatre in London. In film, he has starred in "Sex Lives of the Potato Men" (2004) and had minor roles in "Birthday Girl" (2001), "Bright Young Things" (2003), "赛末点" (2005) and "Starter for 10" (2006). "The League of Gentlemen's Apocalypse", a film based on the television series, co-written by and starring Gatiss, was released in June 2005. He also plays the recurring character of Gold in the audio revival of "Sapphire and Steel" produced by Big Finish Productions. Gatiss also appeared in Edgar Wright's fake trailer for Grindhouse, Don't, a homage to 70's Hammer Horrors.
In the 2008 English language re-release of the cult 2006 Norwegian animated film "Free Jimmy", Gatiss voiced the character of "Jakki", a heavy-set, bizarrely dressed biker member of the "Lappish Mafia". In this his voice is used along with the other actors of "League of Gentlemen" such as Steve Pemberton and Reece Shearsmith. The dialogue was written by Simon Pegg and other actors included Pegg himself, Woody Harrelson, and 大卫·田纳特, who worked with Gatiss on 《神秘博士》.
Mark appeared in the stage adaptation of 佩德罗·阿尔莫多瓦尔's "关于我母亲的一切" at the Old Vic in London from 25 Aug-24 Nov 2007. He won much critical acclaim for his portrayal of the semi-transsexual Agrado.
Mark was scheduled to perform in "Darker Shores" by Michael Punter, a ghost story for all the family, at Hampstead Theatre 3 December 2009 - 16 January 2010 but had to withdraw after a serious family illness. Tom Goodman-Hill took over his role.
In March 2010 he was a guest on "Private Passions", the biographical music discussion programme on BBC Radio 3.
From December 2010 to March 2011 Gatiss was playing the role of Bernard in Alan Ayckbourn's "Season's Greetings" at the Royal National Theatre in London alongside Catherine Tate.
In December 2011 he appeared in an episode of "The Infinite Monkey Cage" in an episode entitled "The Science of Christmas", alongside Brian Cox, Robin Ince and 理查德·道金斯
写作.
Fulfilling a lifelong dream, Gatiss has written four episodes for the 2005-revived BBC television series 《神秘博士》. His first, "The Unquiet Dead" was only the third episode of the revived series in 2005; the second, "The Idiot's Lantern", aired the following year in the second series. After a sabbatical from the third series (in which he acted rather than wrote for), and his submitted script for the fourth series, involving Nazis and the British Museum, remaining unmade, he eventually returned to the programme in 2010, writing "Victory of the Daleks" for the fifth series, and "Night Terrors" for the sixth.
Gatiss has written two episodes of 《神探夏洛克》, a modern 歇洛克·福尔摩斯 series co-produced by himself and 史蒂芬·莫法特. The unaired pilot was shot in January 2009 and a full series was commissioned, eventually airing a three-episode series in August 2010 (including Gatiss's episode "The Great Game"). A second series (featuring Gatiss's second contribution "The Hounds of Baskerville") aired in January 2012.
Gatiss wrote and performed the comedy sketches "The Web of Caves", "The Kidnappers" and "The Pitch of Fear" for the BBC's ""Doctor Who" Night" in 1999 with 《小不列颠》的 David Walliams, and played the Master in the "Doctor Who Unbound" play "Sympathy for the Devil" under the name "Sam Kisgart", a pseudonym he later used for a column in "Doctor Who Magazine". (The pseudonym is an anagram]of "Mark Gatiss", a nod to Anthony Ainley, who was sometimes credited under an anagram to conceal the Master's identity from the viewers.) The pseudonym was used again in television listings magazines when he appeared in episode four of "Psychoville", so as not to spoil his surprise appearance in advance.
In mainstream print, Gatiss is responsible for a biography of the film director 詹姆斯·惠尔. His first non-《神秘博士》 novel, "The Vesuvius Club", was published in 2004, for which he was nominated in the category of Best Newcomer in the 2006 British Book Awards. A follow up, "The Devil in Amber", was released on 6 November 2006. It transports the main character, Lucifer Box, from the Edwardian era in the first book to the roaring Twenties/Thirties. A third and final Lucifer Box novel, "Black Butterfly", was published on 3 November 2008 by Simon & Schuster.
Gatiss also wrote, co-produced and appeared in "Crooked House", a ghost story that was broadcast on 英国广播公司第四台 during Christmas 2008.
个人生活.
加蒂斯是公开的同性恋者，当选《独立报周日》评选的英国2010年和2011年最有影响力的同性恋者的粉红色名单。他与演员Ian Hallard有英国民事伴侣关系，两人均在BBC电视剧《新世纪福尔摩斯》第二季中有演出（Ian Hallard在剧中第二季第三集饰演莫里亚蒂教授的辩护律师），拥有一只拉布拉多寻回犬「Bunsen」。为实现他的另一个童年梦想，他曾在伦敦的家修建一个维多利亚时代实验室。