法律与秩序

《法网游龙》（"Law & Order"）是美国的一部以和律政为题材的电视剧，由迪克·沃夫开创、制作。全剧在NBC播出，于1990年9月13日首播，2010年5月24完结第20季，在此十天前本剧证实被取消。2021年9月28日，NBC宣布本剧将以第21季复苏，于2022年2月24日首播。本次复苏将看到首次亮相的新进常驻演员，以及系列老面孔山姆·华特斯顿和安东尼·安德森分别回归饰演地方检察官与警探。2022年5月10日，NBC续订第22季，预计于同年9月22日首播。
本剧于纽约市取景及拍摄，并以两部分进行：前半小时为纽约市警察局的警探调查案件（通常是谋杀案）及逮捕嫌犯，和半小时为曼哈顿地方检察官起诉被告。剧情经常改编自近期登上头条的真实案件，但犯案动机与主谋可能不同。
多年来本剧阵容不断变化。演出时间最长的主要演员包括饰演地方检察官的（第1到10季）、饰演警探的（第3到14季）、饰演副警监的S·伊佩瑟·默克森、饰演行政助理地方检察官的山姆·华特斯顿（第5到21季；后来升迁为地方检察官）以及饰演警探的（第10到18季）。
《法网游龙》以21季名列第二名，仅次于其外传《法网游龙：特案组》（1999至今）。本剧的成功催生出各种衍生媒体，令《法网游龙》成为一部系列，其中包括一部电视电影、几部电子游戏，以及其他国家的改编作品。多年来本剧获得与被提名多项奖项，包括数次艾美奖。
在台湾曾由华视购入播出，2015年起则于有线频道「HITS」重播初期季数内容。
制作.
开发.
1988年，迪克·沃夫开发出一个描述美国司法系统相对正面形象的电视剧的想法。他最初玩笑地为其取名为《Night & Day》，后来又想到了《Law & Order》这个标题。每集的前半部分将跟随两位警探（一名资深警探和一名初阶警探）和他们的指挥官调查一起暴力犯罪案件。
该集的后半部分则会著眼在地区检察官办公室和法庭，跟随两位检察官依照地区检察官的建议尝试对被告提起诉讼。借由这点，《法网游龙》得以调查一些当今较大的议题，把故事聚焦在登上头条的真实案件。
沃夫采纳环球电视公司时任总裁的想法，他指出本剧和1963年一部仅持续一季的电视剧《》雷同。两人看了该剧的试播集，前半部分为一位警官以武装抢劫逮捕一名男子，后半部分为查克·康纳斯饰演的辩护律师将嫌犯错认为别人。这是该剧每周的公式。
沃夫决定，虽然他的警探有时会犯错，他想以一种新方式来表现这种剧情类型，从警匪剧转变为更加写实的律政剧。此外，起诉过程会成为大功臣，是对律师剧固定公式的反转。
起初，Fox单单基于概念预订了13集，而没有试播集。时任电视台负责人巴瑞·迪勒撤回此决定。尽管她喜欢这个想法，他不相信这会是“福斯节目”。沃夫后来找上CBS，成功让该公司预订由沃夫编剧的试播集《》，关于一群和黑帮有瓜葛的-{zh-tw:贪污警察;zh-cn:黑警;}-。该电视台喜欢却并未预定该试播集，因为里面没有当红明星。
1989年夏天，NBC-{zh-tw:高阶主管;zh-cn:高管;}-布兰登·塔奇科夫和看了试播集并很喜欢，但他们担心紧凑的剧情无法每周都维持。然而，到了1990年，NBC主管们有足够信心这部开创性的节目能吸引大量观众，最终预订了一整季。
拍摄.
本剧摄于纽约市，并以大量运用当地风情而见闻。摄影棚位于。在早期的集数里，法庭场景在特威德法院大楼拍摄，直到法庭场景摄影棚被建好。在晚近的季数里，纽约市长鲁迪·朱利安尼与麦克·彭博、律师及布朗克斯区议员皆在剧中出演过自己。
当地名人也经常客串演出虚构角色，像是和芙兰·雷伯维兹饰演法官。，纽约市一条通往（本剧绝大部分皆在此地拍摄）的道路被重新命名为「法网游龙大道」以玆纪念本剧。
音乐与音效.
The music for "Law & Order" was composed by veteran composer Mike Post, and was deliberately designed to be minimal to match the abbreviated style of the series. Post wrote the theme song using electric piano, guitar, and clarinet. In addition, scene changes were accompanied by a tone generated by Post. He refers to the tone as "The Clang", while "Entertainment Weekly" critic Ken Tucker has referred to the sound as the "ominous "chung CHUNG"", actor Dann Florek (in a promo) as the "doink doink", and Richard Belzer as "the Dick Wolf Cash Register Sound".
According to Allan, 2021:
"The tone moves the viewer from scene to scene, jumping forward in time with all the importance and immediacy of a judge's gavel – which is exactly what Post was aiming for when he created it. While reminiscent of a jail door slamming..."
...it is actually an of "six or seven" sounds, including the sound made by 500 Japanese men walking across a hardwood floor. The sound has become so associated with the "Law & Order" brand that it was also carried over to other series of the franchise.
The UK-aired Channel Five versions of seasons 7–16 of "Law & Order" feature the song "I'm Not Driving Anymore" by Rob Dougan in the opening credits, while seasons 17–20 used the US theme.
演员与角色.
试播集.
For the 1988 pilot, George Dzundza and Chris Noth were cast as the original detectives, Sergeant Max Greevey and Detective Mike Logan. The producers felt that Dzundza would be a perfect senior police officer as he was someone the producers felt they could see themselves riding along with in a police cruiser. Noth and Michael Madsen were candidates for the role of Logan. Madsen initially was considered the perfect choice for the role, but, in a final reading, it was felt that Madsen's acting mannerisms were repetitive, and Noth received the role instead. Rounding out the police cast, Dann Florek was cast as Captain Donald Cragen.
On the prosecutor's side, Michael Moriarty was Dick Wolf's choice to play Executive Assistant District Attorney Benjamin "Ben" Stone. The network, however, preferred James Naughton, but, in the end, Wolf's choice would prevail, and Moriarty received the role. As his A.D.A., Richard Brooks and Eriq La Salle were being considered for the role of Paul Robinette. The network favored La Salle but, once again, the producers' choice prevailed, and Brooks received the role. As their boss, Roy Thinnes was cast as District Attorney Alfred Wentworth.
第一到三季.
Nearly two years passed between the pilot and production of the series. The producers held options on Dzundza, Noth, Moriarty and Brooks. Each was paid holding money for the additional year and brought back. Florek also returned. Thinnes, however, was starring in "Dark Shadows" and declined to return. In his place, the producers tapped Steven Hill to play District Attorney Adam Schiff, a character loosely based on real-life New York County District Attorney Robert Morgenthau. Hill brought prestige and experience to the show, and as such, the producers allowed Hill to give insight on the direction he thought the character should go.
Dzundza was disappointed when he realized that the show would be more of an ensemble show rather than a show starring him. Though the cast liked his performance, they increasingly felt uncomfortable around Dzundza, who was also under stress due to the constant commute between New York City and his home in Los Angeles. Dzundza quit after only one season on the show, and Sergeant Greevey was written off as being killed in the line of duty.
He was replaced by Paul Sorvino as Sergeant Phil Cerreta, who was considered more even tempered than either Dzundza's Greevey or Mike Logan. Sorvino was initially excited about the role, but would leave midway through the next season, citing the exhausting schedule demanded by the filming of the show, a need to broaden his horizons, and the desire to preserve his vocal cords for singing opera as reasons for leaving the show. Sergeant Cerreta was written off as having been shot in the line of duty and transferring to a desk job at another precinct.
To replace Sorvino on the series, Wolf cast Jerry Orbach (who had previously guest starred as a defense attorney Frank Lehrman in the season 2 episode "The Wages of Love") in the role of Detective Leonard W. "Lennie" Briscoe. Orbach's characterization of the world-weary, wisecracking Detective Briscoe was based on a similar NYPD character he portrayed in the 1981 film "Prince of the City", which Wolf had personally requested Orbach to replicate for the show.
Introduced on a recurring basis during season 2 was Carolyn McCormick as Dr. Elizabeth Olivet, a police psychologist brought in on a case-by-case basis. NBC had been pushing for the producers to add female characters to the all-male cast. She was added to the opening credits as "also starring" in Season 3 and 4 but, despite the attempts of the producers to include her in as many episodes as possible, it was found to be difficult to incorporate her into the show due to the format leaning heavily on the police and prosecutors. She was removed from the credits in Season 5.
McCormick stayed with the show on a recurring basis, but believed that the character had become less profound and complex, and that her role had been reduced mostly to "psychobabble". She left to star on "Cracker" after season 7. After the cancellation of "Cracker," she returned beginning in season 13 and appeared occasionally until season 20.
第四到七季.
By the end of season 3, NBC executives still felt the show did not have enough female characters. On the orders of then-network president Warren Littlefield, new female characters had to be added to the cast or the show would face possible cancellation on its relegated Friday night time slot. Wolf realized that, since there were only six characters on the show, someone had to be dismissed. He chose to dismiss Florek and Brooks from the regular roster, and later said it was the hardest two phone calls he had ever made. Though producers initially claimed the firings, especially that of Brooks, who was said not to get along with Moriarty, were for other reasons, Wolf confirmed that the firings were on the orders of Littlefield.
To replace Florek, S. Epatha Merkerson was cast as new squad leader Lieutenant Anita Van Buren. (Merkerson had previously guest starred as a mother of a gunshot victim in the season 1 episode "Mushrooms".) To replace Brooks, Jill Hennessy was cast as Assistant District Attorney Claire Kincaid. Though no initial explanation was given on the show for the departures of Florek's or Brooks's characters, they would both later return in guest appearances, with Captain Cragen having been reassigned to the Internal Affairs Bureau and A.D.A. Robinette having become a defense attorney. Florek also returned to direct a few episodes, and his character was eventually added to the cast of "".
Meanwhile, Moriarty's behavior both on and off the set became problematic for Wolf. After a public statement in which Moriarty called Attorney General Janet Reno a "psychopathic Nazi" for her efforts to censor television violence, Moriarty engaged in a verbal confrontation with Reno at a dinner in Washington, D.C. Wolf asked Moriarty to tone down his comments, and Moriarty responded by quitting the show the next week. This could have been caused by his drinking, as he admits to being "a very bad drunk" before going on the wagon in February 2004. The final storyline for Ben Stone involves his resignation over guilt after a woman he compelled to testify against a Russian mobster was murdered by his cohorts. To replace Moriarty, Sam Waterston was Wolf's first choice for the role of Executive Assistant District Attorney John J. "Jack" McCoy Jr.; Waterston's character was markedly different from Moriarty's in that Jack McCoy was conceived as more emotionally stable and having more sex appeal.
Wolf dismissed Noth when his contract expired at the end of season 5, because he felt that Lennie Briscoe and Mike Logan had become too similar to each other and the writers were having difficulty in writing their dialogue together. Furthermore, Noth had been disgruntled with the show since the dismissals of Florek and Brooks, and remained embittered against Wolf, who he felt was not a friend to his actors. The final storyline for Detective Logan involved his banishment to work on Staten Island in a domestic violence crimes unit as punishment for punching a city council member who had orchestrated the murder of a gay colleague and had managed to get acquitted of the charges. (The made-for-television film "", in which Noth starred, centers on Logan's attempt to get back into the department's good graces.) Noth was replaced by Benjamin Bratt as Detective Reynaldo "Rey" Curtis, who was hired in an attempt to find an actor even sexier than Noth to join the cast.
Hennessy chose not to renew her three-year contract at the end of season 6 to pursue other projects, and Claire Kincaid was written off as being killed in a drunk driving accident. She was replaced by Carey Lowell as Assistant District Attorney Jamie Ross. Lowell remained with the show until the end of season 8, when she left to spend more time with her daughter. (Jamie Ross was written off as leaving the D.A.'s office for similar reasons.) Lowell (who later returned for a couple guest appearances) was replaced by Angie Harmon as Assistant District Attorney Abigail "Abbie" Carmichael, who was conceived as being much louder and outspoken than any of her predecessors. Harmon auditioned with 85 other women, including Vanessa Williams, for the role, and was picked after Wolf heard her Texas accent.
第八到十四季.
Beginning in season 8 (1997), J. K. Simmons had the recurring role of Dr. Emil Skoda, a psychiatrist who worked with the Police Department. He appeared in 41 episodes until 2004. He then reappeared for three episodes in season 20.
Bratt left the series at the end of season 9, stating it was an amicable departure and he expected to eventually return for guest appearances. (He ultimately returned for the season 20 episode "Fed".) Detective Curtis was written off as leaving the force in order to take care of his wife, who was suffering from multiple sclerosis, in her final days. He was replaced by Jesse L. Martin as Detective Ed Green, who was conceived of as more of a loose cannon in the mold of Noth's Logan than Bratt's Curtis was. (Briscoe was described as being a recovering alcoholic, as Cragen had been; Green was described as being a recovering compulsive gambler.) In 2000, Steven Hill announced he was leaving the series after season 10. Hill, who was the last remaining member of the original cast, said his departure was mutual with the producers. He was replaced by Dianne Wiest as Interim District Attorney Nora Lewin, and Adam Schiff was written out off-screen as departing to work with Jewish charities and human-rights organizations in Europe.
The following year, Harmon left the show after three seasons (with Abbie Carmichael written off as being called on to serve the U.S. Attorney's office) and was replaced by Elisabeth Röhm as Assistant District Attorney Serena Southerlyn. The year after that, Wiest left the show after two seasons and was replaced by retiring U.S. Senator Fred Thompson as District Attorney Arthur Branch, whose character was conceived of as being much more right-leaning than his predecessors in the D.A.'s office, and was a direct reaction to the September 11 attacks. No mention was made on the show of what happened to Nora Lewin, though producers said her character was only supposed to be an interim D.A.
第十五、十六季.
After 12 years on "Law & Order", Orbach announced in March 2004 that he was leaving the show at the end of season 14 for the spin-off "". Lennie Briscoe was written off as retiring from the NYPD and later taking a position as an investigator for the D.A.'s office. He was replaced at the 27th Precinct by Detective Joe Fontana, played by Dennis Farina. At the time, Orbach would not state the reason for his departure, but it was eventually revealed that he had been battling prostate cancer (for over 10 years) and that his role on "Trial by Jury" was designed to be less taxing on him than his role on the original series was. However, Orbach died from his cancer on December 28, 2004, and was featured in only the first two episodes of "Trial by Jury." (His character was subsequently written off as having also died off-screen, though this was not revealed on the original series until the season 18 episode "Burn Card".)
Season 15 would see the departure of Röhm mid-season. Röhm's final scene on the show, in the episode "Ain't No Love", sparked controversy within the fanbase, as A.D.A. Southerlyn asked Arthur Branch if she was being fired because she was a lesbian, a fact the scripts had never even hinted at until then. Wolf said Röhm's departure was unexpected, and she exited the show in January 2005. For a few seasons, she had often argued opposing points to McCoy and Branch, and he thought she would be better as a defender rather than a prosecutor. Her replacement was Annie Parisse as Assistant District Attorney Alexandra Borgia.
Later that season, Martin departed early to film "Rent." Ed Green was temporarily written off as being shot in the line of duty and being replaced during his recovery by Detective Nick Falco, played by Michael Imperioli, who had previously guest starred as a murder suspect in the season 6 episode "Atonement". Parisse left the series at the end of season 16 (with A.D.A. Borgia written off as being murdered), and Farina announced shortly afterward that he too was leaving "Law & Order" to pursue other projects. (Detective Fontana was written off as having retired off-screen.)
第十七到二十季.
By this point, NBC executives believed the series was beginning to show its age, as the ratings had been declining since Orbach's departure. Farina had never been popular with fans when he replaced Orbach, and it was felt that the cast just did not seem to mesh well together anymore. In an effort to revitalize the show, Wolf replaced Parisse with Alana de la Garza as Assistant District Attorney Consuela "Connie" Rubirosa, while Martin's Green was promoted to senior detective and partnered with Detective Nina Cassady, played by Milena Govich, who had worked with Wolf on the short-lived series "Conviction" and served as the show's first female detective of the main cast. She also briefly appeared as a bartender in the season 16 episode titled "Flaw".
However, Govich proved to be even more unpopular with fans than her predecessor was, and she left the show after one season, with the explanation being that Detective Cassady's assignment to the precinct had been temporary and had been transferred out. She was replaced by Jeremy Sisto, who had previously guest starred as a defense attorney in the season 17 episode "The Family Hour", as Detective Cyrus Lupo. Around the same time, Thompson announced he would leave the show to seek the 2008 Republican presidential nomination. (No explanation was given within the show regarding Arthur Branch's off-screen departure.) Waterston's character was promoted to Interim District Attorney (later made full District Attorney in season 20) and his former position was filled in by Executive Assistant District Attorney Michael Cutter, played by Linus Roache.
Martin later announced that he would leave the show for the second and last time near the end of season 18 to pursue other endeavors, and Detective Green was written off as resigning from the force due to burnout. He was replaced by Anthony Anderson as Detective Kevin Bernard. In 2010, Merkerson announced that she would leave the show at the end of season 20, with Lieutenant Van Buren given a season-long story arc involving her battling cervical cancer. However, the cancellation of the show rendered this moot.
第二十一季至今.
After 12 years, the series was announced to be returning following the abandonment of its "For the Defense" spin-off. On November 1, 2021, Jeffrey Donovan was cast as a series regular to portray a New York Police Department detective, later revealed as Frank Cosgrove. At that time it was also reported that Sam Waterston and Anthony Anderson, who starred in earlier seasons of the series, and additional former cast members were also in talks to return. Waterston previously stated in 2015 that he would be open to returning. Other previous cast members including S. Epatha Merkerson, Jeremy Sisto and Alana de la Garza hold starring roles on "Chicago Med" and "FBI", respectively, with both also being part of the franchise and Wolf Entertainment series. On November 23, 2021, it was announced that Hugh Dancy had been cast as an assistant district attorney and that Anderson had signed a one-year deal to return as Detective Kevin Bernard. On December 10, 2021, it was revealed that Camryn Manheim had been cast as Lieutenant Kate Dixon, the successor to Merkerson's character, Lieutenant Anita Van Buren. Manheim portrayed minor characters in previous seasons of the series. In December 2021, Odelya Halevi was added to the cast as Assistant District Attorney Samantha Maroun. A day later, Waterston was announced to have finalized a one-year deal to return as District Attorney Jack McCoy.
On May 10, 2022, the series was renewed by NBC for a 22nd season. Later that same month, it was announced that Anderson would not return for the new season. On June 7, Waterston signed a new deal to return for the 22nd season, making him the longest-running cast member of the series. A week later, Mehcad Brooks was announced to have joined the cast, replacing Anderson.
真实案件影射.
本剧常常在开头剧情影射真实案件，其影射方式让观众很容易识别出是哪起案件。 一些真实案件的受害者对此感到被利用或被剥削，包括一名律师于2004年控告剧组诽谤，因为出现一位名字与特征皆和自己相似的律师。巴特拉与剧组后来以未知数目的金额达成庭外和解。
集数.
《法网游龙》于1990年9月13日在NBC首播，至今已播出456集。
播出经过.
播出.
本剧于1990年9月13日首播，并在2010年5月24日结束其首播，总共制作并播出456集。本剧在NBC播出20季。在当时，本剧是NBC播出最久的犯罪剧，并与《荒野大镖客》并列播出最久的黄金时段电视剧。最初的两季于星期二晚上十点播出。第3到16季于星期三晚上十点播出。第17季移到星期五晚上十点。第18、19季移回星期三晚上十点。第二十季于星期五晚上八点播出，春天时则移到星期一晚上十点，并在2021年5月24日播出完结篇。
联卖与串流.
1995到1996年间的季度，《法网游龙》第一次重播在周间的有线电视频道上播出。A&E的播出被认为替当前NBC每周播出的《法网游龙》剧集吸引一批更大的新观众群。2002年，A&E不再续订对《法网游龙》的联卖权，因为该合约金额是当初1995年的四倍。到了2021年，本剧在、TNT、、、、BBC America和等频道上重播。
自从2020年，《法网游龙》被选中的几季连同《芝加哥烈焰》、《芝加哥警署》、《芝加哥医情》、《法网游龙：特案组》和《》在孔雀平台上提供串流。然而，不像《法网游龙：特案组》被选中的几季可以免费观看，《法网游龙》只提供孔雀的付费订阅会员观看。
取消与复苏.
2010年5月14日，NBC正式取消《法网游龙》，转而选定《法网游龙：洛杉矶》作为下一部电视剧，并续订《法网游龙：特案组》第12季。节目开创者迪克·沃夫持续向制作公司NBC环球施压，要求向拥有节目联卖权的TNT达成协议，借由协商可接受的许可费换取第21季的播出权。双方的会谈在前期流程后展开。然而，TNT在一份声明中表示他们对新一季的播出不感兴趣。
在跟TNT协商失败后，有线电视台AMC也在考虑恢复《法网游龙》；然而，这次尝试失败了，并且根据开创者迪克·沃夫，这部剧“成了历史”。
2015年2月，NBC考虑将本剧恢复成10集的有限剧集。
2021年9月28日，NBC宣布已续订第21季。新一季在该年夏天一部外传《法网游龙：国防》的计划付诸东流后被公布。2021年11月1日，杰佛瑞·唐纳文确认会在新剧集里担任常驻演员，后来山姆·华特斯顿和安东尼·安德森也确认将会回归。2021年11月12日，第21季确认将于2022年2月24日首播。
2021年11月23日，休·丹希确认会加入演出第21季，安东尼·安德森也确认会回归演出他的原剧角色。
2021年12月10日，卡姆琳·曼海姆被揭晓将饰演副警监凯特·狄克森，S·伊佩瑟·默克森饰演的副警监的继任者。曼海姆在前几季里饰演次要角色。2021年12月15日，欧迪雅·哈列维确认会加入饰演助理地区检察官萨曼莎·马龙。隔天，山姆·华特斯顿确认达成为期一年的合约回归饰演地区检察官。《法网游龙》于2022年2月24日12年来第一次正式播出新的一集。
2022年5月10日，NBC续订本剧第22季。2022年5月26日，安东尼·安德森确认不会回归第22季。2022年6月7日，山姆·华特斯顿确认会在第22季回归饰演其原有角色麦考伊。2022年6月13日，有报导指出将会出演第22季。
外传、交叉集与改编.
《法网游龙》的长寿与成功催生出六部美剧（《法网游龙：特案组》、《》、《》、《》、《》及《》）和一部电视电影（《》）。《法网游龙》这个名字的商业潜力抵销了对于失败外传（例如《》和《》）可能侵蚀原剧观众的担忧。为了与其它系列影集区分开来，《法网游龙》常常被制片与评论家比喻为“母舰”。
《法网游龙》有与其它系列影集产生交叉集。此外，本剧亦与《》和《》产生交叉；尽管皆不属于《法网游龙》系列，它们皆同处一个架空世界，且皆由迪克·沃夫开创。本剧还与《》产生数集交叉集。《法网游龙》的成功催生出两部处于相同宇宙的外部系列（《芝加哥系列》及《》）。《芝加哥》与《法网游龙》两部系列借由《芝加哥烈焰》和《芝加哥警署》在《法网游龙：特案组》里的交叉集产生连结。
本剧被改编为场景设为伦敦的英国电视剧《》。
获奖.
《法网游龙》播映期间获得多部电视奖项提名，其中赢得的奖项包括1997年、分别于1999年与2005年颁给山姆·华特斯顿和（死后追赠）的美国演员工会奖杰出电视影集男演员，以及多次爱伦·坡奖电视影集最佳集数。
2002年，《法网游龙》于电视指南排名24。本剧还在娱乐周刊新电视经典（New TV Classics）列表中排名27。
2013年，电视指南在他们的60部史上最伟大节目列表里将《法网游龙》排名14。
家庭媒体.
标题为《法网游龙合辑》（Law & Order Producer's Collection）的盒装版于2000年以VHS发行。该3卷-{zh-tw:录影带;zh-cn:录像带;}-包含本剧的其中6集。
在区域1以DVD发行了14季，以及本剧的完整系列。《法网游龙完整系列》盒装版包含全部20季。每一季皆个别包装（以托盘堆叠的形式），并有全新的封面。该盒装还有名为《剧集导读》（The Episode Guide）的50页彩色书；除了每集的标题和剧情大纲，还收录本剧的冷知识、幕后花絮、剧本笔记和超过80张彩色照片。在区域2，环球Playback（Universal Playback）在英国发行了本剧前7季的DVD。在区域4，环球影业在澳洲与纽西兰发行了全部20季的DVD。
尽管本剧自从第15季便转换为ATSC格式，该盒装DVD系列皆以NTSC格式收录。