Edited sentence: "The contemporary theory of biological evolution is one of the most robust products of scientific inquiry.Amongst individual scientists who have responded to pro-creationist claims is eminent developmental biologist Paul Gross  author with philosopher Barbara Forrest  of Creationism's Trojan Horse: The Wedge of Intelligent Design (Oxford University Press, 2004).As part of this effort they have sought to introduce the teaching of 'intelligent design theory' into the science curricula of the public schools.In October 2002 the Board of Directors of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) approved the following resolution:.In closing the AAAS urged "citizens across the nation to oppose the establishment of policies that would permit the teaching of 'intelligent design theory' as a part of the science curricula of the public schools".In response to this effort, individual scientists and philosophers of science have provided substantive critiques of "intelligent design," demonstrating significant conceptual flaws in its formulation, a lack of credible scientific evidence, and misrepresentations of scientific facts.In the United States the National Center for Science Education (NCSE) "cooperates nationally and locally with religious organizations, as well as scientific and educational organizations like the National Academy of Sciences, the National Association of Biology Teachers, and the National Science Teachers Association"  to challenge the propaganda of creationist and anti-evolution organizations and movements.It is the foundation for research in many areas of biology as well as an essential element of science education.Over the past several years proponents of so-called 'intelligent design theory,' also known as ID, have challenged the accepted scientific theory of biological evolution.The AAAS detemined that the intelligent design movement had "failed to offer credible scientific evidence to support their claim that ID undermines the current scientifically accepted theory of evolution"; had "not proposed a scientific means of testing its claims" and that "the lack of scientific warrant for so-called 'intelligent design theory' makes it improper to include as a part of science education".The NCSE issues reports on all aspects of the relevant issues , maintains an archive of resources  and circulates regular news bulletins.The movement presents 'intelligent design theory' to the public as a theoretical innovation, supported by scientific evidence, that offers a more adequate explanation for the origin of the diversity of living organisms than the current scientifically accepted theory of evolution.To become informed and responsible citizens in our contemporary technological world, students need to study the theories and empirical evidence central to current scientific understanding