Original sentence: According to Islam's prophet Muhammad,  "To be Arab is not a question of race or geneology but of language.An "Arab", in the modern sense of the word, is one who is a national of an Arab state, has command of the Arabic language, and possesses a fundamental knowledge of Arabian tradition, that is, of the manners, customs, and political and social systems of the culture.Whoever speaks Arabic is Arab
Edited sentence: According to Habib Hassan Touma (1996, p.And thus "An Arab, in the modern sense of the word, is one who is a national of an Arab state, has command of the Arabic language, and possesses a fundamental knowledge of Arabian tradition, that is, of the manners, customs, and political and social systems of the culture.the Arabic language....xviii), "The essence of Arabian culture is wrapped up in: