Edited sentence: , under the leadership of David M.As with John Rae's original complaint, the more recent argument only applies ceteris paribus, which is ironic because the shorter work time advocate's alleged assumption of a fixed amount of work only comes into play in a situation where the economist has already specified a fixed amount of everything else but administrative costs.Principal among these was the National Association of Manufacturers in the U.The establishment of the lump-of-labour fallacy claim as a mainstay of economics teaching would appear to have had nothing to do with its status as a bona fide economic principle and very much to do with its wide dissemination as a talking point of employers' organizations who opposed the eight-hour day in the early 20th century.The view that the "substantial administrative costs" of employing more workers underlies the alleged fallacy's fallaciousness is a latter-day graft onto the claim, following Walter Oi's analysis of quasi-fixed costs in the early 1960s