Original sentence: A popular belief is that the Indian Police System is a creation of the British rule in India but a study of the ancient Indian history shows the origin and development of the law enforcement institutions since the Vedic period.Even then, community policing, either through the medium of the landlords or through the village level panchayats and analogous bodies persisted to a certain extent.His report was later amended from time to time but the basic features are still discernible.Kautilya, who established an elaborate system of policing and laid down several grades of bureaucracy, could rightly be called the father of the modern concept of police.Principles of internal security, the moral and ethical responsibilities of the king and the system of policing developed in ancient towns and villages were effectively followed and improved by the successive Hindu kings.Report of The First Police Commission, appointed on 17 August, 1860, contained detailed guidelines for the desired system of police in India.The British contribution was to put the system of policing on a professional footing and to bring about a large measure of uniformity in its laws, procedures and practices.The Present Policing System in the country is based on the  Police Act of 1861.The Second Police Commission (1902-1903) went into details of the organisational structure of police at the district level, functioning of the railway police and the river police, recruitment, training and pay structure of different subordinate ranks of police.The age-old community based policing was largely replaced by a mercenary and exotic group of people with official patronage.The first hundred years of British rule in India saw a number of remarkable changes in the system of criminal justice administration.The police as a department had become a well established administrative institution during the Mauryan Empire.The term 'police' broadly connotes the purposeful maintenance of public order and protection of persons and property from the hazards of public accidents and the commission of unlawful acts.Warren Hastings suggested the first major amendments in 1772, when he prepared a detailed note indicating the remedial measures necessary to maintain law and order in Bengal.With the East India Company’s interference in the country’s administration, laws were revised to suit the imperial needs.With the advent of the Mughals, policing became a subsidiary aspect of the conqueror’s stratagic, military and revenue requirements.With the passage of time, the police responsibility widened and different organisations had to be necessarily created in order to effectively implement the law and enforce order, and bring the criminals to justice