Edited sentence: All of these identities are indebted to the discovery of ancient Babylonia and Assyria and the decipherment of cuneiform that took place during 19th century , and the rise of nationalism under the Ottoman Empire that occurred during the same period.An "Aramaeanist" faction identifies with the Neo-Hittite Aramaean kingdoms (14th to 8th centuries BC).Assyrianists identify with the Neo-Assyrian Empire (10th to 7th century BC), while the adherents of the Chaldean Church identify with the Neo-Babylonian Empire (7th to 6th century BC).The Syriac Christian communities adhere to various self-designations and national myths