fedml/databricks-dolly-15k-niid huggingface dataset:
Category: summarization
Instruction: What is Good Friday?
Context: Good Friday is a Christian holiday commemorating the crucifixion of Jesus and his death at Calvary. It is observed during Holy Week as part of the Paschal Triduum. It is also known as Holy Friday, Great Friday, Great and Holy Friday (also Holy and Great Friday), and Black Friday.

Members of many Christian denominations, including the Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Lutheran, Anglican, Methodist, Oriental Orthodox, United Protestant and some Reformed traditions (including certain Continental Reformed, Presbyterian and Congregationalist churches), observe Good Friday with fasting and church services. In many Catholic, Lutheran, Anglican and Methodist churches, the Service of the Great Three Hours' Agony is held from noon until 3 pm, the time duration that the Bible records as darkness covering the land to Jesus' sacrificial death on the cross. Communicants of the Moravian Church have a Good Friday tradition of cleaning gravestones in Moravian cemeteries.

The date of Good Friday varies from one year to the next in both the Gregorian and Julian calendars. Eastern and Western Christianity disagree over the computation of the date of Easter and therefore of Good Friday. Good Friday is a widely instituted legal holiday around the world, including in most Western countries and 12 U.S. states. Some predominantly Christian countries, such as Germany, have laws prohibiting certain acts such as dancing and horse racing, in remembrance of the somber nature of Good Friday.
Response: Good Friday is a Christian holiday to remember the crucifixion of Jesus. Members of a lot of christian denominations observe this holiday with fasting and church services. The date of the holiday varies from year to year depending on the computation of the date of Easter.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Do god exists?
Response: Yes. Because there must be some one who actually creates the first life.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Why are some reasons to vacation in New Zealand?
Response: People love to vacation in New Zealand for many reasons.  Some of the most popular are  because of its beautiful and varied landscapes, the opportunities to see unique wildlife, and the ability to participate in extreme activities such as paragliding, jet boating, bungee jumping, sky diving, canyoning, and mountaineering.
Category: classification
Instruction: Tell me if these are body parts or places: nose, beach, supermarket, feet, eyes, hand, mall, school, restaurant, heart
Response: The body parts are: nose, feet, eyes, hand, heart
The places are: beach, supermarket, mall, school, restaurant
Category: creative_writing
Instruction: Write a story about a cat named Rory and the adventures he gets up to while his owner, Maria, is gone at work. Write the story in the form of an hourly journal from 7am to 7 pm written by Rory, and convey that Rory loves to sleep while Maria is gone.
Response: 7 am: There is still no food in my bowl. I have tried to point Maria in the direction of the bowl at least 8 times, and she is not noticing. I even attempted to mimic the cry of a newborn human to attract her attention, and yet she is only focused on her coffee machine. I fear she is addicted.
8 am: Belly full from breakfast. I dislike my new food, the cat on the bag scares me. I will take a nap in the sun.
9 am: Continued to nap in the sun. Had to move multiple times because the sun patch moved, very annoying. I am starting to feel higher energy as my stomach is no longer stuffed. Time to eat the remaining food in my bowl I saved for a mid morning snack
10 am: There was a bird on the porch that I scared away. It was a close call, but I showed him who is boss here
11 am: Visited my Maria's roommate at their desk. I helped them with their work, but my paws are not particularly well suited for their keyboard. Was then unceremoniously kicked out of the room
12 pm: Tried to convince the roommate to give me lunch. Instead she just sat their and ate her fish and didn't offer me any.
1 pm: Time for my afternoon nap in the hammock
2 pm: Woke up discovering I had overheated in the hammock. Hunted the laser pointer and then I noticed the bird had returned. Put him in his place again.
3 pm: Took a tour of the kitchen counters. Noticed that Maria had left the cat food partially open. Ate some to prevent it from going bad and wasting perfectly good food.
4 pm: Took a nap under Maria's bed while waiting for her to get home
5 pm: Reunited! All is well again, except for Maria still doesn't notice my food bowl
6 pm: Maria brought me a mouse to play with. I indulge her by chasing it.
7 pm: Maria finally notices the food bowl. She pulls out a new bag, without a scary cat on it. All is well in the world.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: Using given text, extract as many definitions of science fiction
Context: American science fiction author and editor Lester del Rey wrote, "Even the devoted aficionado or fan—has a hard time trying to explain what science fiction is," and the lack of a "full satisfactory definition" is because "there are no easily delineated limits to science fiction." According to Isaac Asimov, "Science fiction can be defined as that branch of literature which deals with the reaction of human beings to changes in science and technology." Robert A. Heinlein wrote that "A handy short definition of almost all science fiction might read: realistic speculation about possible future events, based solidly on adequate knowledge of the real world, past and present, and on a thorough understanding of the nature and significance of the scientific method."

Part of the reason that it is so difficult to pin down an agreed definition of science fiction is because there is a tendency among science fiction enthusiasts to act as their own arbiter in deciding what exactly constitutes science fiction. Damon Knight summed up the difficulty, saying "science fiction is what we point to when we say it." David Seed says it may be more useful to talk around science fiction as the intersection of other, more concrete, genres and subgenres.
Response: According to Lester del Rey, "Science fiction can be defined as that branch of literature which deals with the reaction of human beings to changes in science and technology". According to Robert A. Heinlein, "A handy short definition of almost all science fiction might read: realistic speculation about possible future events, based solidly on adequate knowledge of the real world, past and present, and on a thorough understanding of the nature and significance of the scientific method."
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Can I feed table food to dogs?
Response: You cannot feed table food to dogs because dogs have different digestive systems. The human food is usually too rich and fatty which is difficult for dogs to digest and thus causing health issues for dogs. Some table food such as chocolate, raisins, grapes are even toxic to dogs.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What was the tagline on The X-Files episode "Anasazi"?
Response: The tagline "Éí 'Aaníígóó 'Áhoot'é" replaced the usual tagline of "The Truth is Out There" on the season 2 episode entitled "Anasazi." The phrase translated to "the truth is out there" in Navajo.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What are different ways people help each other?
Response: People help each other in a variety of different ways.  Help can be offered to those who are physically handicapped, helped can be offered to those who are suffering emotionally, help can be offered to those who don't understand a topic or subject, help can be offered through knowledge transfer to others, help can be offered through active listening, help can be offered through physical touch, help can be offered through a community of people, and help can be offered through verbal and non verbal communication.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: From the passage provided, extract the distance between Mercury and Sun in AU when it is closest to the sun in its orbit.
Context: Mercury (0.307–0.588 AU (45.9–88.0 million km; 28.5–54.7 million mi) from the Sun) is the closest planet to the Sun. The smallest planet in the Solar System (0.055 MEarth), Mercury has no natural satellites. The dominant geological features are impact craters or basins with ejecta blankets, the remains of early volcanic activity including magma flows, and lobed ridges or rupes that were probably produced by a period of contraction early in the planet's history. Mercury's very tenuous atmosphere consists of solar-wind particles trapped by Mercury's magnetic field, as well as atoms blasted off its surface by the solar wind.Its relatively large iron core and thin mantle have not yet been adequately explained. Hypotheses include that its outer layers were stripped off by a giant impact, or that it was prevented from fully accreting by the young Sun's energy. There have been searches for "Vulcanoids", asteroids in stable orbits between Mercury and the Sun, but none have been discovered.
Response: Mercury has egg shaped orbit. The distance between the Sun and the Mercury when Mercury is closest to the sun it is orbit is 0.307 AU.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What are some of the famous festivals of India?
Response: India is the land of diverse cultures and festivities. Therefore, certain festivals are more prominent in specific parts than others. A couple of the festivals that are celebrated on a broader level across the country are

1. Diwali: It is also referred to as the "Festival of Lights". During this festival, people light up their homes in the religious significance of welcoming Goddess Laxmi, also known as Goddess of Wealth. Some people consider this festival as the highest religious significance. 

2. Holi: It is one the most popular festival to the level that has picked up in western world. Being referred as the "Festival of colors", people generally play with colors (in powder form), sing and enjoy with friends, family and neighbours.
Category: classification
Instruction: Identify which instrument is string or woodwind: Harpsichord, Quena
Response: Quena is woodwind, Harpsichord is string.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: What are possible alliances for the future of AI?
Response: Possible alliances could be based on use case, strategic fit, capability, and alignment. For example, an alliance with Amazon could enhance the use of AI as a personal home assistant, especially for seniors, as the population of many countries ages. Furthermore, alliances with manufacturing groups such as whirlpool could further integrate the home assistance.
Category: classification
Instruction: Tell me whether these are countries or continents
Response: Africa, Asia, Spain, Vietnam, China, Europe, North America
Category: classification
Instruction: Tell me whether these Game of Thrones characters are dead or alive at the end of Season 8: Jon Snow, Cersei Lannister, Daenerys Targaryen, Bran Stark, Khal Drogo, Hodor, Ygritte, Oberyn Martell, Arya Stark, Olenna Tyrell, Tyrion Lannister
Response: At the end of season 8 of TV show Game of Thrones, the only characters that are alive from the list you've provided are: Jon Snow, Bran Stark, Arya Stark, Tyrion Lannister. The remaining characters did not make it to the end. That is, Cersei Lannister, Daenerys Targaryen, Khal Drogo, Hodor, Ygritte, Oberyn Martell, and Olenna Tyrell are all dead by the time season 8 finale ends.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: What are some novice running tips?
Response: Running is an excellent way to improve cardiovascular health. Building a running practice takes time and should be approached incrementally. If you are new to running, you should start with shorter runs or walks to ensure you don't put too much strain on your body. Once you have a sense of how far you can run, increase the distance you run or run the same distance but at a faster pace. Over time your body will increase it's capacity to withstand more strenuous running sessions. Eating well, stretching before and after running as well as getting quality sleep will help you improve as a runner.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is EFTPOS?
Response: Electronic funds transfer at point of sale, or EFTPOS, is an electronic payment system involving electronic funds transfers based on the use of payment cards, such as debit or credit cards, at payment terminals located at points of sale. EFTPOS technology was developed during the 1980s. In Australia and New Zealand, it is also the brand name of a specific system used for such payments; these systems are mainly country-specific and do not interconnect. In Singapore, it is known as NETS.

Debit and credit cards are embossed plastic cards complying with ISO/IEC 7810 ID-1 standard. The cards have an embossed bank card number conforming with the ISO/IEC 7812 numbering standard.
Category: classification
Instruction: In the game Dungeons and Dragons, players can be spell casters or non-spell casters. Sort this list into those two categories: Wizard, Bard, Ranger, Barbarian, Cleric, Druid, Rogue, Sorcerer, Warlock, Fighter and Monk.
Response: In D&D the casters are the Bard, Cleric, Druid, Sorcerer, Warlock, and Wizard. The Rogue, Fighter, Barbarian, Monk and Ranger are non-spell casters.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: What is Pinot Grigio?
Context: Pinot Gris, Pinot Grigio (US: /ˈpiːnoʊ ˈɡriːdʒioʊ, -dʒoʊ/, UK: /ˈɡrɪdʒioʊ/) or Grauburgunder is a white wine grape variety of the species Vitis vinifera. Thought to be a mutant clone of the Pinot Noir variety, it normally has a grayish-blue fruit, accounting for its name, but the grapes can have a brownish pink to black and even white appearance. The word pinot could have been given to it because the grapes grow in small pinecone-shaped clusters. The wines produced from this grape also vary in color from a deep golden yellow to copper and even a light shade of pink, and it is one of the more popular grapes for skin-contact wine.

Pinot Gris is grown around the globe, with the "spicy" full-bodied Alsatian and lighter-bodied, more acidic Italian styles being most widely recognized. The Alsatian style, often duplicated in New World wine regions such as Marlborough, Tasmania, South Australia, Washington, Oregon, and South Africa tend to have moderate to low acidity, higher alcohol levels and an almost "oily" texture that contributes to the full-bodied nature of the wine. The flavors can range from ripe tropical fruit notes of melon and mango to some botrytis-influenced flavors. In Italy, Pinot grigio grapes are often harvested early to retain the refreshing acidity and minimize some of the overt-fruitiness of the variety, creating a more neutral flavor profile. This style is often imitated in other Old World wine regions, such as Germany, where the grape is known as Ruländer, or more commonly, Grauburgunder.
Response: Pinot Gris, Pinot Grigio (US: /ˈpiːnoʊ ˈɡriːdʒioʊ, -dʒoʊ/, UK: /ˈɡrɪdʒioʊ/) or Grauburgunder is a white wine grape variety of the species Vitis vinifera. Pinot Gris is grown around the globe, with the "spicy" full-bodied Alsatian and lighter-bodied, more acidic Italian styles being most widely recognized.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: Extract the destination countries of the Madeira diaspora from the text. Separate them with a comma.
Context: Madeirans migrated to the United States, Venezuela, Brazil, Guyana, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, South Africa and Trinidad and Tobago.
Response: United States, Venezuela, Brazil, Guyana, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, South Africa, Trinidad and Tobago
Category: classification
Instruction: Identify the bird from the list: Gadwall, Worm, Centipede
Response: Gadwall
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Artemis I was formerly known as
Response: Exploration Mission-1
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Who's band was The Quarrymen
Response: John Lenon
Category: summarization
Instruction: give me a summary of the American revolution
Context: n/a
Response: The American Revolution was a five-year long war that started in 1775. The colonists of Great Britain were tired of being taxed endlessly by King George lll. The revolution started when some of Britain's forces assaulted revolutionary colonists at Lexington. This convinced many people to fight for the colonists. Finally, after many long battles and suffering, at the battle of Yorktown in 1781, Great Britain's forces surrendered to General Roshambo and General Washington. King George lll passed the Treaty of Paris in 1783. The colonists, now free from Britain, started America. The political system was also created, with George Washington becoming the first president.
Category: summarization
Instruction: Did automobiles exist prior to the invention of the ICE (internal combustion engine)?
Context: Development of the automobile started in 1672 with the invention of the first steam-powered vehicle, which led to the creation of the first steam-powered automobile capable of human transportation, built by Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot in 1769. Inventors began to branch out at the start of the 19th century, creating the de Rivas engine, one of the first internal combustion engines, and an early electric motor. Samuel Brown later tested the first industrially applied internal combustion engine in 1826.
Response: The first engines that were capable of enabling human transportation were steam powered engines. While the development of steam powered vehicles capable of enabling human transportation was initiated in 1672, the first actual steam powered automobile was built by Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot in 1769.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is 24 Hours of Lemons
Response: 24 Hours of Lemons is a series of endurance races for amateur car racing enthusiasts.  The name is derived from a light hearted play on the famous professional race "24 hours of Le Mans" twisting the last word into 'Lemons'; indicating that the car used in the race should be of very low value.  The Lemons races are legitimate paved-road racing experiences with a grass-roots feel and a lot of humor mixed in as racing teams often adopt amusing themes.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: What are some string instruments I could learn so that I can play in a group?
Response: You could learn cello, violin, guitar, bass guitar, or ukalele.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What can help with puppy teething?
Response: Puppy teething will typically last until they are 4 or 5 months old. To help with the discomfort, you can give them puppy safe chew toys, a frozen carrot or banana, bully sticks, or cooling teethers. You can also try giving them a frozen kong toy, or wet and twist a rag, then freeze it.
Category: classification
Instruction: Identify which animal species is alive or extinct: Arctodus, Cross River Gorilla
Response: Cross River Gorilla is alive, Arctodus is extinct
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: What is red tide?
Response: microscopic forms of algae known as dinoflagellates can bloom into dense patches near the surface
Category: summarization
Instruction: Given this text about Battlefield 3 on Wikipedia, what was the included classes you could play as in the game?
Context: Battlefield 3's multiplayer matches see players take on one of four roles: Assault, Support, Engineer and Recon. The Assault class focuses on assault rifles and healing teammates. The Support class focuses on light machine guns and supplying ammunition. The Engineer class focuses on supporting and destroying vehicles. The Recon class focuses on sniping and spotting enemies. The mechanics of the weapons have been changed to utilize the new engine: compatible weapons may have bipods attached which can then be deployed when in the prone position or near suitable scenery, and provide a significant boost to accuracy and recoil reduction. Suppressive fire from weapons blurs the vision and reduces the accuracy of those under fire, as well as health regeneration. The Recon class can put a radio beacon anywhere on the map and all squad members will be able to spawn on the location of the beacon.
Response: In Battlefield 3 you could play as one of four classes: Support, Assault, Engineer, and Recon. They all had different equipment and capabilities.
Category: classification
Instruction: Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Nagara, Sape
Response: Sape is string, Nagara is percussion
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Who invented basketball?
Response: James Naismith designed the game of basketball in 1891 while he was teaching at the International YMCA Training School. On 15 January 1892, James Naismith published his rules for the game of "Basket Ball" that he invented. The original game played under these rules was quite different from the one played today as there was no dribbling, dunking, three-pointers, or shot clock, and goal tending was legal.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Why don't soccer players kick with their toe?
Response: Soccer players typically strike the ball with their laces or with the inside of their foot. These techniques provide more control over the direction of the ball than kicking with the toe.
Category: creative_writing
Instruction: You were abducted by aliens and experimented on, you were sent back to earth with the knowledge and ability to solve any problem on earth
Response: Now that I have returned to earth with extreme knowledge and power, I have the ability to solve any problem in the world. I will start with antigravity enabling space travel for all. I will then discover the secret to longevity. I will answer the uncertainties of the world such as how the Pyramids came to be, lost civilizations, nuclear fusion and global warming. Finally, to make my millions, I will reverse male balding.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: Which district is Lightwater in?
Context: Lightwater is a village in the Surrey Heath district of Surrey, England, about 27 miles (43 km) southwest of central London. Immediately surrounding towns and villages include Bagshot, Deepcut, Windlesham, Camberley, and West End, Woking. It is bounded to the north-west by the M3 motorway and to the north-east by the "Lightwater Bypass" (A322). To the south-east it is bounded by the "Red Road" (B311), while to the south-west there are vehicle-testing tracks owned by the Ministry of Defence.

The village is adjacent to junction 3 of the M3 motorway. The nearest railway station is at Bagshot, on the line between Ascot and Aldershot. Lightwater is part of the civil parish of Windlesham, which has a population of 17,000 and also includes the neighbouring village of Bagshot.
Response: Lightwater is in Surrey Heath district in Surrey. It is in the civil parish of Windlesham.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is the difference between laser cutting and 3D printing?
Response: 3D printing is an additive technique while laser cutting is subtractive. In a 3D printer, the material gets heated up and extruded through a nozzle, forming three-dimensional objects. In contrast, a laser cutter cuts two-dimensional plates. For this, a laser burns away parts of the material. Thus, laser cutting can only produce two-dimensional shapes. However, it is much faster than 3D printing.
Category: classification
Instruction: Classify each of the words as singular or plural: lions, bee, door, fence, ocean, lakes, people
Response: Lions: Plural
Bee: Singular
Door: Singular
Fence: Singular
Ocean: Singular
Lakes: Plural
People: Plural
Category: creative_writing
Instruction: write a poem about the state of georgia
Response: Georgia, Georgia You're always on my mind
And one thing that I hear is that your people are so kind
You've got the Blue Ridge Mountains and the Atlantic Coast
You are such a gem to me it seems so about you I will boast
Your capital city is the home of the Braves, the Falcons and the Hawks
With parks like Grant and Piedmont where you can take a peaceful walk
You've produced so many artists the list is hard to write
From Ray and Otis to Outkast and oh yes Gladys Knight
I hope to visit you one day I say it all the time
I'll cheer Go Dawgs and do the Chop because Georgia's on my mind
Category: classification
Instruction: Classify the celebrities based on whether they were born in 1990 or 1991.
Emma Watson, Jennifer Lawrence, Ed Sheeran, Charlie Puth
Response: Born in 1990 - Emma Watson, Jennifer Lawrence
Born in 1991 - Ed Sheeran, Charlie Puth
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Why does Israel offer huge discounts to Chicago Booth students' spring break trips?
Response: Israel wants to sell their country to potential future leaders of the U.S. They know that we write them hefty checks every year and they don't want that to stop. Israel knows that by taking Chicago Booth students around their country and providing a narrative from a Jew's perspective, will likely get them to see their point of view and be on their side in the future. It's actually quite a smart initiative.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Given this reference text on the creation of centaurs, where did the mythology originate?
Context: The centaurs were usually said to have been born of Ixion and Nephele. As the story goes, Nephele was a cloud made into the likeness of Hera in a plot to trick Ixion into revealing his lust for Hera to Zeus. Ixion seduced Nephele and from that relationship centaurs were created. Another version, however, makes them children of Centaurus, a man who mated with the Magnesian mares. Centaurus was either himself the son of Ixion and Nephele (inserting an additional generation) or of Apollo and the nymph Stilbe. In the latter version of the story, Centaurus's twin brother was Lapithes, ancestor of the Lapiths.

Another tribe of centaurs was said to have lived on Cyprus. According to Nonnus, they were fathered by Zeus, who, in frustration after Aphrodite had eluded him, spilled his seed on the ground of that land. 

There were also the Lamian Pheres, twelve rustic daimones (spirits) of the Lamos river. They were set by Zeus to guard the infant Dionysos, protecting him from the machinations of Hera, but the enraged goddess transformed them into ox-horned Centaurs. The Lamian Pheres later accompanied Dionysos in his campaign against the Indians.

The centaur's half-human, half-horse composition has led many writers to treat them as liminal beings, caught between the two natures they embody in contrasting myths; they are both the embodiment of untamed nature, as in their battle with the Lapiths (their kin), and conversely, teachers like Chiron.
Response: A centaur is a creature from Greek mythology according to this paragraph. It can be inferred because numerous Greek gods were referenced in the passage.
Category: classification
Instruction: Tell me which of the following circumstances warrant calling 911: fridge runs out of food, micro kitchen runs out of slacks, someone gets hit by a car, a child is drowning in a public pool, your saving account runs out of money, someone carries assault weapons into campus.
Response: Given the listed circumstances, you should call 911 immediately when someone gets hit by a car, when a child is drowning in a public pool, or you see someone carrying assault weapons on campus.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: Where is located the Roberson Museum and Science Center?
Context: The Roberson Museum and Science Center is located in Binghamton, New York. The museum's exhibits focus on art, local history, science and natural history.
Response: The Roberson Museum and Science Center is located in Binghamton, New York. The museum's exhibits focus on art, local history, science and natural history.

The centerpiece of the museum is the 1904 Roberson Mansion, which was designed by local architect C. Edward Vosbury. More contemporary additions to the mansion were added in the 1960s and 1980s, which expanded the exhibit space, included a planetarium, added offices, and upgraded the vaults and collections preparation space.

The museum features changing exhibits and a large model train layout that depicts regional landscapes in the 1950s. The museum hosts annual special events, including decorating the Roberson Mansion for the Christmas holidays, a food and wine festival, Halloween activities, science fiction conventions, a model train and doll fair, and more.
Category: summarization
Instruction: List down some important facts about Indigo airlines
Context: InterGlobe Aviation Limited, doing business as IndiGo, is an Indian low-cost airline headquartered in Gurgaon, Haryana, India. It is the largest airline in India by passengers carried and fleet size, with a ~57% domestic market share as of October 2022.[non-primary source needed] It is also the largest individual Asian low-cost carrier in terms of jet fleet size and passengers carried, and the fourth largest carrier in Asia. The airline has carried over 300+ million passengers as of November 2022.
Response: 1.	InterGlobe Aviation Limited is doing the business as Indigo in India.
2.	Indigo is a low-cost Indian airline, whose headquarter is in Gurgaon, Haryana, India.
3.	It is the largest airline in India with a ~57% domestic market share as of October 2022.
4.	It has the record for largest individual Asian low-cost carrier in terms of jet fleet size and passengers carried, and it is also the fourth largest carrier in Asia.
5.	As of November 2022 Indigo airline has carried over 300+ million passengers.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Are you going for a walk today?
Response: Today I'm definitely going for a walk, the weather is great! These last rainy days haven't been the best, but now I'm feeling refreshed, so staying home would be a waste.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: How are odds different from probability?
Response: Both are measurements for how likely it is for an event to occur. Odds are commonly used in gambling, which probability is a measure that is commonly used in mathematics/statistics. In statistics, probability measures the number of outcomes in which a particular event occurred divided by the total number of possible outcomes. For example, the probability of rain on a given day would be based on, historically with similar conditions, the number of rainy days divided by a total number of days. The odds are measured as the number of events divided by the number of non-events. To contrast, probability would be the number of events divided by the sum of events and non-events.
Category: summarization
Instruction: What is contrafact?
Context: Parker's style of composition involved interpolation of original melodies over existing jazz forms and standards, a practice known as contrafact and still common in jazz today. Examples include "Ornithology" (which borrows the chord progression of jazz standard "How High the Moon" and is said to be co-written with trumpet player Little Benny Harris), and "Moose The Mooche" (one of many Parker compositions based on the chord progression of "I Got Rhythm"). The practice was not uncommon prior to bebop, but it became a signature of the movement as artists began to move away from arranging popular standards and toward composing their own material. Perhaps Parker's most well-known contrafact is "Koko," which is based on the chord changes of the popular bebop tune "Cherokee," written by Ray Noble.
Response: Contrafact is a type of jazz composition where the composer takes the basic structure of a popular song, rearranges it and provides a new melody to the song. Charlie Parker was a jazz musician and composer who used this style of composition extensively. Some of the best known examples of Parker's use of contrafact are:
"Ornithology"- Based on the popular song "How High the Moon"
"Moose the Moose"- Based on the standard "I've Got Rhythm"
"Koko"-Based on the swing standard "Cherokee"
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Who was Bhagat Singh?
Response: Bhagat Singh was a freedom fighter born in undivided India on 27th September 1907 and was hanged to death by the British Empire at a young age of 23 years on 23rd March 1931.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Why Netherland is famous?
Response: Because it's known for a nice country
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Give me different ways I can travel from one place to another
Response: mode of transport can involve car, bus, cycle, airplane along with walk, run, swim, crawl and many more.
Category: summarization
Instruction: What is binary search ?
Context: In computer science, binary search, also known as half-interval search, logarithmic search, or binary chop, is a search algorithm that finds the position of a target value within a sorted array. Binary search compares the target value to the middle element of the array. If they are not equal, the half in which the target cannot lie is eliminated and the search continues on the remaining half, again taking the middle element to compare to the target value, and repeating this until the target value is found. If the search ends with the remaining half being empty, the target is not in the array.

The binary search runs in logarithmic time in the worst case, making 

O(log n) comparisons, where 

n is the number of elements in the array. Binary search is faster than linear search except for small arrays. However, the array must be sorted first to apply binary search. There are specialized data structures designed for fast searching, such as hash tables, that can be searched more efficiently than binary search. However, binary search can solve a wider range of problems, such as finding the next-smallest or next-largest element in the array relative to the target even if it is absent from the array.

There are numerous variations of binary search. In particular, fractional cascading speeds up binary searches for the same value in multiple arrays. Fractional cascading efficiently solves several search problems in computational geometry and numerous other fields. Exponential search extends binary search to unbounded lists. The binary search tree and B-tree data structures are based on binary search.
Response: Binary search is a search algorithm that finds the position of a target value in a sorted array. It eliminates the half in which the target value cannot lie. It searches the value in the other half. This continues by repeating the middle element to compare to the target value until the target value is found. 
Binary search is faster than linear search except for small arrays.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What part of history called a fervent period of European cultural, artistic, political, and economic “rebirth” following the Middle Ages?
Response: The Renaissance
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: From this summary of how Bilbo found the Ring in The Hobbit, how did Bilbo beat Gollum at the Riddle game?
Context: As told in The Hobbit, Bilbo found the Ring while lost in the tunnels near Gollum's lair. In the first edition, Gollum offers to surrender the Ring to Bilbo as a reward for winning the Riddle Game. When Tolkien was writing The Lord of the Rings, he realized that the Ring's grip on Gollum would never permit him to give it up willingly. He therefore revised The Hobbit: in the second edition, after losing the Riddle Game to Bilbo, Gollum went to get his "Precious" to help him kill and eat Bilbo, but found the Ring missing. Deducing from Bilbo's last question—"What have I got in my pocket?"—that Bilbo had found the Ring, Gollum chased him through the caves, not realizing that Bilbo had discovered the Ring's power of invisibility and was following him to the cave's mouth. Bilbo escaped Gollum and the goblins by remaining invisible, but he chose not to tell Gandalf and the dwarves that the Ring had made him invisible. Instead he told them a story that followed the first edition: that Gollum had given him the Ring and shown him the way out. Gandalf was immediately suspicious of the Ring, and later forced the real story from Bilbo.
Response: Gollum was unable to answer Bilbo's last question, "What have I got in my pocket?".
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: We all know the saying "what goes up must come down," but what goes up but does not come down?
Response: Age
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Given this paragraph, how many seasons are there of Ted Lasso?
Context: The first season of ten episodes premiered on Apple TV+ on August 14, 2020, with three episodes followed by weekly installments. A second season of 12 episodes premiered on July 23, 2021. In October 2020, the series was renewed for a third season, which premiered on March 15, 2023.
Response: As of March 2023, there have been 3 seasons of Ted Lasso.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: What are the names of the songs from The Story of June which don't have Chinese names?
Context: The Story of June is a Cantopop album by Edmond Leung.

Track listing:
Love Blind (戀愛盲)
Elevator Men (電梯男)
Hey June
Driven To Distraction (失魂落魄)
Daydream (白日夢)
Romantic (羅曼蒂克)
Y3
Get Away with Miriam Yeung (滾)
The Aftermath (戰後餘生)
The Long Journey (路漫漫)
Response: Hey June
Y3
Category: general_qa
Instruction: What is the difference between a Transformation and Action in Spark?
Response: Spark's execution engine is designed to be Lazy. In effect, you're first up build up your analytics/data processing request through a series of Transformations which are then executed by an Action

Transformations are kind of operations which will transform your RDD data from one form to another. And when you apply this operation on any RDD, you will get a new RDD with transformed data Operations like map, filter are transformations.

Transformations create RDDs from each other, but when we want to work with the actual dataset, at that point action is performed. When the action is triggered after the result, new RDD is not formed like transformation. Ex:- count on a DF
Category: classification
Instruction: Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Talking drum, Tambura
Response: Tambura is string, Talking drum is percussion.
Category: classification
Instruction: Tell me whether these cities are in Spain or France: Pamplona, Valencia, Nice, Marseille, Paris, Sevilla
Response: Pamplona: Spain
Valencia: Spain
Nice: France
Marseille: France
Paris: France
Sevilla: Spain
Category: classification
Instruction: Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Klong khaek, Sanshin
Response: Sanshin is string, Klong khaek is percussion.
Category: classification
Instruction: Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Kirikoketa, Ichigenkin
Response: Ichigenkin is string, Kirikoketa is percussion.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Given this paragraph about Love Island UK Season 9, Kai Fagan and Sanam Harrinanan won the final vote by what percent?
Context: On 13 March 2023, the series was won by Kai Fagan and Sanam Harrinanan with 43.75% of the final vote, becoming the first couple formed during the Casa Amor twist to win the series. Lana Jenkins and Ron Hall finished as runners-up.
Response: 43.75%
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Who is Jon Snow's biological parents?
Response: While the answer has yet to be officially acknowledged in the "A Song of Ice and Fire" series, the "Game of Thrones" television show, which is based on the book series, revealed that Jon Snow is the son of the late Rhaegar Targaryen and Lyanna Stark.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is the largest city in the South Hemisphere?
Response: The city of São Paulo, capital of the São Paulo state in Brazil, is the largest city by population (12.33 million people according to the 2020 census).
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What are the most common meals?
Response: The most common meals are breakfast, lunch and dinner.  Breakfast is eat when a person wakes up, lunch is eaten in the afternoon after 4 - 5 hours of being awake, and dinner is eaten in the evening before bed time.  Each of the meals is important to give the body energy to be able to function during the day.  Skipping meals is a form of fasting, and this is very common in certain cultures and certain religions too.  Eating in between meals is not a meal but a form of snacking.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: What happens if I put Mentos into a bottle of Coke?
Response: Almost certainly, you will experience a sugary geyser. The cause is from carbon dioxide being released from the soda. The Mentos have tiny pits on their surface, which causes the bubbles to cling to the candy and then rise to the top of the bottle.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Given these paragraphs about Asperger syndrome, what are typical interventions that help improve the person's ability to function in the everyday world?
Context: Asperger syndrome (AS), also known as Asperger's, is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by significant difficulties in social interaction and nonverbal communication, along with restricted and repetitive patterns of behaviour and interests. The syndrome is no longer recognised as a diagnosis in itself, having been merged with other conditions into autism spectrum disorder (ASD). It was considered to differ from other diagnoses that were merged into ASD by relatively unimpaired spoken language and intelligence.

The syndrome was named after the Austrian pediatrician Hans Asperger, who, in 1944, described children in his care who struggled to form friendships, did not understand others' gestures or feelings, engaged in one-sided conversations about their favourite interests, and were clumsy. In 1994, the diagnosis of Asperger's was included in the fourth edition (DSM-IV) of the American Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; however, with the publication of DSM-5 in 2013 the syndrome was removed, and the symptoms are now included within autism spectrum disorder along with classic autism and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS). It was similarly merged into autism spectrum disorder in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) as of 2021.

The exact cause of Asperger's is poorly understood. While it has high heritability, the underlying genetics have not been determined conclusively. Environmental factors are also believed to play a role. Brain imaging has not identified a common underlying condition. There is no single treatment, and the UK's National Health Service (NHS) guidelines suggest that 'treatment' of any form of autism should not be a goal, since autism is not 'a disease that can be removed or cured'. According to the Royal College of Psychiatrists, while co-occurring conditions might require treatment, 'management of autism itself is chiefly about the provision of the education, training and social support/care required to improve the person's ability to function in the everyday world'. The effectiveness of particular interventions for autism is supported by only limited data. Interventions may include social skills training, cognitive behavioral therapy, physical therapy, speech therapy, parent training, and medications for associated problems, such as mood or anxiety. Autistic characteristics tend to become less obvious in adulthood, but social and communication difficulties usually persist.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asperger_syndrome
Response: Interventions may include social skills training, cognitive behavioral therapy, physical therapy, speech therapy, parent training, and medications for associated problems, such as mood or anxiety.
Category: creative_writing
Instruction: Who are the Seven Dwarfs?
Response: The seven dwarfs are commonly referred as seven fictional characters in the fairy tale Snow White. According to the fairy tale, the seven dwarfs live in a cottage in the wood. Snow White's step mother, the Queen of the kingdom, wants Snow White dead and sends a huntsman to kill her. Snow White escapes form the Queen and hides in the dwarfs cottage. 
When the Queen knows Snow White is still alive, she goes to the dwarfs' cottage in disguise and offer Snow White a magic poisoned apple that causes her to faint. 
When the dwarfs return back that day from work in the mines, they find Snow White unconscious and believe she is dead. The dwarfs place Snow White in a glass coffin.
After some time, a prince finds Snow White in the coffin and kisses her. Snow White wakes up, marries the prince and live happily ever after.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Which movie(s) inspired the 2019 DC comic movie Joker?
Response: The movie Joker is heavily influenced by 1970-1980 Martin Scorsese movies such as the The King of Comedy and Taxi Driver, the former of which is one of Scorseses' least-known movies. The titular character, Joker, is also created based on studies of mentally-ill main characters from the above-mentioned movies, Rupert Pupkin and Travis Bickle. The lead actor of both Scorsese movies, Robert De Niro, even played a role in Joker to pay homage to Rupert Pupkin.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: When did Iranians convert to Islam?
Context: The Islamization of Iran occurred as a result of the Muslim conquest of Persia in 633–654. It was a long process by which Islam, though initially rejected, eventually spread among the population on the Iranian Plateau. Iranian peoples have maintained certain pre-Islamic traditions, including their language and culture, and adapted them with Islamic codes. These two customs and traditions merged as the "Iranian Islamic" identity.
Response: Unlike the popular opinion that Arabs converted Iranians to Islam after defeating the Sasanian Empire, Iranians continued to practice their native religions for many centuries. The conversion to Islam was a slow process which was aided by differentiated tax systems for Muslims and non-muslims.
Category: summarization
Instruction: What happened at the 1947 Amateur World Series
Context: The 1947 Amateur World Series was held from November 29 through December 20 in Barranquilla, Colombia. It was the 9th Amateur World Series. The Cuban national team sat out and the competition only consisted of other Caribbean, Central American and South American teams.[citation needed] Thus, host Colombia won its first title.
Response: The 1947 Amateur World Series was held from November 29 through December 20 in Barranquilla, Colombia. It was the 9th Amateur World Series. The Cuban national team sat out and the competition only consisted of other Caribbean, Central American and South American teams. Thus, host Colombia won its first title.
Category: classification
Instruction: Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Triangle, Pinaka vina
Response: Pinaka vina is string, Triangle is percussion.
Category: classification
Instruction: Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Kanjira, Hommel
Response: Hommel is string, Kanjira is percussion.