fedml/databricks-dolly-15k-niid huggingface dataset:
Category: general_qa
Instruction: What is a good Manhattan recipe?
Response: A Manhattan is a cocktail that can be made with either bourbon or rye.  I prefer using rye due to the extra spicy and peppery flavors of the rye enhancing the drink.  For the drink, mix two ounces of rye with one ounce of sweet vermouth in a cocktail shaker.  Add 2 dashes of bitters to the mix.  Add ice, cap the shaker, and shake vigorously for about 15-20 seconds.  Uncap the shaker and pour the Manhattan into a glass.  Garnish with a Maraschino cherry if you desire.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Why Indians are so beautiful
Response: Indians have many culture and the color of Asian subcontinent skin is makes them looks exceptional. Indian are Vibrant
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is Beggar's Chicken?
Response: In Chinese, Beggar’s Chicken is called “叫化鸡” (Jiào huā jī). Made with a whole chicken, the bird is marinated, seasoned, and then stuffed, after which it is wrapped in lotus leaves, then coated in clay, and finally baked.

The best part of this recipe is that when it has finished cooking, you take a hammer and crack the clay to reveal a perfectly cooked chicken inside.
Category: classification
Instruction: Is it a gas, liquid, or solid
Response: Stone, Cloud, oxygen, water, hydrogen, dirt, nitrogen, brick, concrete, lava
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: What movie received the most nominations for the 70th Academy Awards?
Context: The nominees for the 70th Academy Awards were announced on February 10, 1998, at the Samuel Goldwyn Theater in Beverly Hills, California, by Robert Rehme, president of the academy, and actress Geena Davis. Titanic received the most nominations with a record-tying fourteen (1950's All About Eve, and later 2016's La La Land, also achieved this distinction); Good Will Hunting and L.A. Confidential came in second with nine apiece.
Response: Titanic received the most nominations at fourteen nominations at the 70th Academy Awards
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is the difference between a red delicious and a Granny Smith apple?
Response: A red delicious apple is red and sweet whereas a Granny Smith apple is green and tart.
Category: classification
Instruction: Determine which continent the following cities are located: London, Singapore, New York, Sao Paulo, Buenos Aires, Melbourne, Jakarta, Boston, Paris, Riyadh, Lagos, Casablanca, Toronto, and Berlin.
Response: New York, Boston, and Toronto are based in North America. London, Paris, and Berlin are in Europe. Jakarta, Riyadh, and Singapore are in Asia. Lagos and Casablanca are in Africa. Buenos Aires and Sao Paulo are in South America. Lastly, Melbourne is in Australia.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Is the USS Rachel Seaman made of metal?
Context: USS Rachel Seaman was a wooden schooner purchased by the Union Navy during the American Civil War.
Response: No, it is made of wood.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Who is the white rapper that sings 'Thrift Shop'?
Response: macklemore
Category: creative_writing
Instruction: What are some tips for traveling with a toddler?
Response: Toddlers are innately adventurous. They like to explore new things, places and people as it stimulates their brain. With some planning, traveling with a toddler can actually be hugely rewarding. They make memories and get exposed to different cultures, developing more empathy and learning language early on. Here are some tips for making travel easy with a toddler:

1. Carry light weight activities they are currently into. For example, sticker books, coloring or puzzles.
2. Carry a lovey in your backpack/hand luggage.
3. Carry a few of their night time reading books. 
4. Keep energy snacks handy at all times. 
5. Use a carrier if you are going to be outdoors. For example, hiking or trekking.
6. Book a morning flight if it is over 7-8 hours. Book a flight during their nap time if shorter than 7-8 hours.
7. Ask for an upgrade at the airport. 
8. Make them walk at the airport instead of using a stroller, that way they will get tired and sleep in the plane.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What was the first credit card
Response: Diners Club
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Why do gas prices go high in winter
Response: Prices in a market economy are driven by Supply and demand. Gas prices typically increase in a market economy in a winter because of increase in demand. Demand increases because people use gas to warm homes and cold weather further increases demand for gas. All this increase in demand means gas prices increase. It is not required that gas prices always increase.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Name three landlocked countries in Africa
Response: Three landlocked countries in Africa are Chad, Zambia, and Botswana.
Category: summarization
Instruction: Please describe  what is oil and give me a list of it’s applications.
Context: An oil is any nonpolar chemical substance that is composed primarily of hydrocarbons and is hydrophobic (does not mix with water) & lipophilic (mixes with other oils). Oils are usually flammable and surface active. Most oils are unsaturated lipids that are liquid at room temperature.

The general definition of oil includes classes of chemical compounds that may be otherwise unrelated in structure, properties, and uses. Oils may be animal, vegetable, or petrochemical in origin, and may be volatile or non-volatile. They are used for food (e.g., olive oil), fuel (e.g., heating oil), medical purposes (e.g., mineral oil), lubrication (e.g. motor oil), and the manufacture of many types of paints, plastics, and other materials. Specially prepared oils are used in some religious ceremonies and rituals as purifying agents.
Response: An oil is a chemical substance that is composed primarily of hydrocarbons and may be animal, vegetable or petrochemical in origin.
Oil is used in a wide range of applications and is essential to everyday human life. These are:
Cooking - edible vegetable and animal oils are used for various purposes in cooking and food preparation
Cosmetics - most facial cleansers, lotions and hair care products contain molecules that come from mineral and vegetable oils
Fuel - crude oil is refined and converted to diesel, gasoline or jet fuel to power cars, trucks and planes
Heating - petrochemical oil is used for heating
Painting - oil is used as a supporting medium for paints
Lubrication - oils are used in various engineering purposes as they do not easily adhere to other substance which makes them useful as lubricants
Religion - oil has been used throughout history as a religious medium. It is often considered a spiritually purifying agent and is used to anointing purposes
Health - oils holds lots of fats and medical properties, for example fish oil holds the omega-3 fatty acid which helps with inflammation and reduces fat in the bloodstream
Category: summarization
Instruction: Based on the reference text, who were the main parties who supported and opposed Prop 22?
Context: 2020 California Proposition 22

Support
Lyft, Uber, DoorDash, Instacart, and Postmates contributed over $205 million into campaigns supporting Prop 22, making it the most expensive ballot measure in California's history. This included major funding for the Yes on Prop 22 campaign, and promoting the proposed legislation directly to customers when using their app. Beyond in-app messaging, Uber and Lyft also conducted extensive social media and television advertising to persuade voters. Such advertisements informed voters that a "no" outcome for the proposition would put many drivers' occupations in jeopardy, among other messages.

Sponsored support
Some of the companies also forced their workers to support and promote the legislation: Uber sent its drivers in-app messages forcing them to click on either "Yes on Prop 22" or "OK", Instacart ordered its workers to place pro-Prop 22 stickers in customers' shopping bags, and DoorDash forced delivery drivers to use bags saying "Yes on 22".

Title litigation
The ballot title, written by Attorney General Xavier Becerra, is "Exempts App-Based Transportation and Delivery Companies from Providing Employee Benefits to Certain Drivers. Initiative Statute". The Yes on Prop 22 campaign challenged this description as non-neutral in court, but their arguments were rejected by a Sacramento Superior Court judge.

Opposition
The No on Prop 22 campaign was funded by the California Labor Federation, with support from UC Berkeley Labor Center. The campaign received around $19 million in support, mostly from labor groups. Driver groups Rideshare Drivers United, Gig Workers Rising, We Drive Progress, and Mobile Workers United, spoke out against Prop 22. Editorial boards from the New York Times and Los Angeles Times also called on voters to reject Prop 22.

The proposition would add protections specific to app-based workers, different from other independent contractors, but these protections would only apply during the time the worker is "engaged" in fulfilling a specific request and not while the worker is logged in to the app and available to fulfill a request.
Response: The main parties to support Prop 22 included Lyft, Uber, Doordash, Instacart, and Postmates. The main parties to oppose Prop 22 included California Labor Federation, Rideshare Drivers United, Gig Workers Rising, We Drive Progress, and Mobile Workers United.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: How many total soldiers sustained non-fatal injuries during WWI?
Context: World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. It was fought between two coalitions, the Allies (primarily France, the United Kingdom, Russia, Italy, Japan, and the United States) and the Central Powers (led by Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire). Fighting occurred throughout Europe, the Middle East, Africa, the Pacific, and parts of Asia. An estimated 9 million soldiers were killed in combat, plus another 23 million wounded, while 5 million civilians died as a result of military action, hunger, and disease. Millions more died as a result of genocide, while the 1918 Spanish flu pandemic was exacerbated by the movement of combatants during the war.
Response: 23 million
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Who is the best surfer in the world
Context: Robert Kelly Slater (born February 11, 1972) is an American professional surfer, best known for being crowned World Surf League champion a record 11 times. Slater is widely regarded as the greatest professional surfer of all time, and holds 56 Championship Tour victories. Slater is also the oldest surfer still active on the World Surf League, winning his 8th Billabong Pipeline Masters title at age 49.
Response: Kelly Slater
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: From the passage find the major production areas where Avocado is cultivated. Display the results in comma separated format.
Context: The avocado (Persea americana) is a medium-sized, evergreen tree in the laurel family (Lauraceae). It is native to the Americas and was first domesticated by Mesoamerican tribes more than 5,000 years ago. Then as now it was prized for its large and unusually oily fruit. The tree likely originated in the highlands bridging south-central Mexico and Guatemala. Its fruit, sometimes also referred to as an alligator or avocado pear, is botanically a large berry containing a single large seed. Avocado trees are partly self-pollinating, and are often propagated through grafting to maintain consistent fruit output. Avocados are presently cultivated in the tropical and Mediterranean climates of many countries. Mexico is the world's leading producer of avocados as of 2020, supplying nearly 30% of the global harvest in that year.

The fruit of domestic varieties have smooth, buttery, golden-green flesh when ripe. Depending on the cultivar, avocados have green, brown, purplish, or black skin, and may be pear-shaped, egg-shaped, or spherical. For commercial purposes the fruits are picked while unripe and ripened after harvesting. The nutrient density and extremely high fat content of avocado flesh are useful to a variety of cuisines and are often eaten to enrich vegetarian diets.

In major production regions like Chile, Mexico and California the water demands of avocado farms place strain on local sources. Avocado production is also implicated in other externalities, including deforestation and human rights concerns associated with the partial control of their production in Mexico by organized crime. Global warming is expected to result in significant changes to the suitable growing zones for avocados, and place additional pressures on the locales in which they are produced due to heat waves and drought.
Response: Chile, Mexico, California
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is Accrued income security
Response: This is a security (investment) which pays interest at regular intervals. When it is sold, interest may have built up and this interest will be paid to the new owner. Interest built up like this is called accrued interest.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Can you list some good books written by Indian authors based on Indian mythology?
Response: Sure! Below are some books written by Indian authors, based on Indian mythology:

1. The Palace of Illusions by Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni
2. Mahabharata and the Marvellous Cycle of Boons, Curses and Vows by H.A.Padmini
3. My Gita by Devdutt Pattanaik
4. Jaya by Devdutt Pattanaik
5. The Forest of Enchantments by Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni

Hope that was helpful! Happy reading.
Category: creative_writing
Instruction: Do we live in a simulation? Argue both sides
Response: We do not know if we live in a simulation. Both sides of the argument have their merits and shortcomings. On the one hand, it is possible that we are living in a simulation, as it could explain certain aspects of the universe that are not easily explained otherwise. On the other hand, it could be that we are not living in a simulation, as there is no evidence to support this claim. Ultimately, it is up to us to decide what we believe.
Category: summarization
Instruction: Why do birds migrate north to south for the colder months in the north?
Context: Bird migration is the regular seasonal movement, often north and south, along a flyway, between breeding and wintering grounds. Many species of bird migrate. Migration carries high costs in predation and mortality, including from hunting by humans, and is driven primarily by the availability of food. It occurs mainly in the northern hemisphere, where birds are funneled onto specific routes by natural barriers such as the Mediterranean Sea or the Caribbean Sea.
Response: Birds primarily migrate due to the availability of food in warmer climates. The north is a breeding ground, while the south is their wintering ground.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: King Charles III is 73 years old and his full name is?
Response: Charles Philip Arthur George
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Is Rosebud a battlefield
Response: Rosebud Battlefield State Park in Big Horn County, Montana preserves a large portion of the battlefield of the Battle of the Rosebud, fought on June 17, 1876. The battle is known by various other names such as The Battle Where the Girl Saved Her Brother by the Northern Cheyenne, and Crook's Fight on the Rosebud. A National Historic Landmark, the park is a day use facility offering hiking, hunting, picnicking and wildlife viewing. It is located 11 miles (18 km) south of Kirby, Montana on Montana Highway 314.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What coloring of cat is almost always male?
Response: Orange cats are generally male.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Which astronomer is name-dropped in "Bohemian Rhapsody?"
Response: Galileo.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Why are peanuts not kosher for Passover.
Response: Peanuts are a type of legume. Legumes are banned as they are often mixed with wheat (and Jews typically only eat unleavened bread during Passover).
Category: classification
Instruction: Tell me whether these schools are Ivy League or not: Princeton, Vanderbilt, Rice, Stanford, Dartmouth, Brown
Response: Princeton: Ivy League
Vanderbilt: Not Ivy League
Rice: Not Ivy League
Stanford: Not Ivy League
Dartmouth: Ivy League
Brown: Ivy League
Category: general_qa
Instruction: What is the circumference of the earth?
Response: 40,075km or  24,855 miles depending on which metric system you use.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: Locate the classification of Picasso's work over time on the text, extract including the description and the period, and place them in a bullet list
Context: Pablo Ruiz Picasso (25 October 1881 – 8 April 1973) was a Spanish painter, sculptor, printmaker, ceramicist and theatre designer who spent most of his adult life in France. One of the most influential artists of the 20th century, he is known for co-founding the Cubist movement, the invention of constructed sculpture, the co-invention of collage, and for the wide variety of styles that he helped develop and explore. Among his most famous works are the proto-Cubist Les Demoiselles d'Avignon (1907), and the anti-war painting Guernica (1937), a dramatic portrayal of the bombing of Guernica by German and Italian air forces during the Spanish Civil War.

Picasso demonstrated extraordinary artistic talent in his early years, painting in a naturalistic manner through his childhood and adolescence. During the first decade of the 20th century, his style changed as he experimented with different theories, techniques, and ideas. After 1906, the Fauvist work of the older artist Henri Matisse motivated Picasso to explore more radical styles, beginning a fruitful rivalry between the two artists, who subsequently were often paired by critics as the leaders of modern art.

Picasso's work is often categorized into periods. While the names of many of his later periods are debated, the most commonly accepted periods in his work are the Blue Period (1901–1904), the Rose Period (1904–1906), the African-influenced Period (1907–1909), Analytic Cubism (1909–1912), and Synthetic Cubism (1912–1919), also referred to as the Crystal period. Much of Picasso's work of the late 1910s and early 1920s is in a neoclassical style, and his work in the mid-1920s often has characteristics of Surrealism. His later work often combines elements of his earlier styles.

Exceptionally prolific throughout the course of his long life, Picasso achieved universal renown and immense fortune for his revolutionary artistic accomplishments, and became one of the best-known figures in 20th-century art.
Response: Blue Period (1901–1904)
Rose Period (1904–1906)
African-influenced Period (1907–1909)
Analytic Cubism (1909–1912)
Synthetic Cubism or Crystal Period (1912–1919)
Surrealism (mid-1920s)
Category: creative_writing
Instruction: What happens if you're lost in the Bermuda Triangle?
Response: As a survivor of the Bermuda Triangle, I've learned that people are what make life great. We go through life feeling frustrated by what others say or do, or even waiting in a simple line, but the relationships you gain in life make it all worthwhile. Being in the Bermuda Triangle with so few people reminds me how important it is to work as a team to pool your resources, especially your time and energy, so you can work together.
Category: creative_writing
Instruction: Explain Anthropocene to 13-year-old kid
Response: The term "anthropocene" is informally used in scientific contexts. The Geological Society of America entitled its 2011 annual meeting: Archean to Anthropocene: The past is the key to the future. The new epoch has no agreed start-date, but one proposal, based on atmospheric evidence, is to fix the start with the Industrial Revolution c. 1780, with the invention of the steam engine. Other scientists link the new term to earlier events, such as the rise of agriculture and the Neolithic Revolution (around 12,000 years BP). Evidence of relative human impact – such as the growing human influence on land use, ecosystems, biodiversity, and species extinction – is substantial; scientists think that human impact has significantly changed (or halted) the growth of biodiversity. Those arguing for earlier dates posit that the proposed Anthropocene may have begun as early as 14,000–15,000 years BP, based on geologic evidence; this has led other scientists to suggest that "the onset of the Anthropocene should be extended back many thousand years";: 1  this would make the Anthropocene essentially synonymous with the current term, Holocene.
Category: creative_writing
Instruction: How do you cook beef short ribs?
Response: I prefer to cook short ribs in the dutch oven.Short ribs have plenty of fat, so I remove the fat cap and season just with salt and pepper.

1. Brown all sides and move the short ribs to a cutting board.
2. Chop and add the holy trinity of onions, carrots and celery. 
3. Add 1 tablespoon of mined garlic and 2 heaping tablespoons of tomato paste.
4. Add about 1 cup of red win and 1 cup of beef broth.
5. Bring to a simmer then put the dutch oven into a preheated oven at 400 degrees.
6. Cook this for about 2 hours until the short ribs are fall off the bone tender. Internal temp on the short ribs should read about 205.

Serve the short ribs and vegetables with some home made mashed potatoes and you have an amazing dinner.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: From the passage note down the awards won by Babaluku. List the results in comma separated format.
Context: Babaluku, born Silas Babaluku Balabyekkubo, is a Ugandan rapper, musician, producer, community youth activist and social entrepreneur who raps in Luganda. He is a member of the Bataka Squad. He is the founder of "the Bavubuka Foundation which equips the youth with leadership skills". He is one of the pioneers of "Lugaflow" which is rap music in Luganda. He was featured in a 2008 documentary "Diamonds in the Rough: A Ugandan Hip-hop Revolution" that covered his journey from his crew’s early days of performing in Uganda to performing in at festivals in the United States of America.Early life and educationBababuluku was born in Kampala, Uganda in 1979. He is the first born of eight children to the late Pastor Deo Balabaekubo and Mrs Christine Balabyekubo. He went to Emen Memorial and Molly and Paul Primary schools in Makindye and eventually left for Canada when he was 12 years old. He is a graduate of sound engineering from British Columbia academy in Vancouver.MusicBabaluku started his music career in 1994. He is one of the pioneers of Lugaflow, which is rap in Luganda. He has a number of awards including a Pearl of Africa Award for Best Hip Hop Single and Buzz Teen Awards for Best Hip Hop Artist. The documentary "Diamonds in the Rough" in which he featured, won the Audience Choice Award at Dances With Films Festival and Best Feature Documentary at Peace on Earth Film Festival. In 2010 Babaluku was honored by the Ugandan Cultural Association for his Excellence and also chosen as Pioneer of the Year by the Words Beats & Life Remix Teach-In Awards.
Response: Pearl of Africa Award, Buzz Teen Awards, Audience Choice Award at Dances With Films Festival,Best Feature Documentary at Peace on Earth Film Festival, Honored by the Ugandan Cultural Association for his Excellence, Chosen as Pioneer of the Year by the Words Beats & Life Remix Teach-In Awards
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Why are dogs generally more popular than cats as pets?
Response: Although dogs generally seem to require more time and attention, they maintain their place as number 1 pet in the majority of countries. For example, statistics have shown that over 74% of US pet owners have a dog, in comparison with 47% owning a cat. 
The reason for their popularity has to come down to their personality. Commonly, dogs are very social and affectionate creatures who enjoy spending time with their owners. Whereas, cats tend to be more independent animals by nature, and although they also require the attention of their owner, the majority prefer to keep to themselves. This stereotypical difference in behaviour is usually the main factor determining the popularity of these pets among people.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Given this text about James Pressdee, tell me what sports they played, which awards they won, when they were born, and if they are still alive.
Context: James Stuart Pressdee (19 June 1933 – 20 July 2016) was a Welsh first class cricketer. He was a left-arm spinner and aggressive right-handed batsman. He also played association football in the Football League and Welsh Football League where he played as a left-back.

Football Career
He won a Welsh youth cap at football and was on the books at Swansea Town where provided reliable defensive cover. He turned professional at the Vetch Field in August 1951. He was given his League debut in Swansea's 2–0 defeat at home to Everton in March 1954, making eight Second Division appearances before concentrating on his cricket career. He also had spells with Brecon Corinthians and Llanelly in the Welsh Football League.

Cricket Career
Pressdee made his debut for Glamorgan against Nottinghamshire at Cardiff Arms Park when just 16 years of age, making him the county's youngest player in the post-war period.

A regular in the Glamorgan team from 1955 onwards, Pressdee scored a thousand runs in a season on six occasions, with 1911 in 1962 being his best. He scored 13 centuries including one for North-Eastern Transvaal. Playing 322 games for Glamorgan CCC between 1949 and 1965.

Pressdee was an inconsistent bowler. Having taken 71 wickets in 1955, he captured only 54 during the next seven seasons, but then in 1963 and 1964 he came to prominence as an all-rounder, completing the double (1000 runs and 100 wickets) in each season. In 1965, he took 9 for 43 against Yorkshire at Swansea. Pressdee emigrated to South Africa in 1965 where he played for North-Eastern Transvaal until 1969–70. He won the South African Cricket Annual Cricketer of the Year award in 1966 after taking 33 wickets.

Pressdee returned to Wales in the 1980s and captained the Glamorgan Colts side in the South Wales Cricket Association.
Response: James Stuart Pressdee played both football and cricket. Though he was an inconsistent bowler, he won the South African Cricket Annual Cricketer of the Year award in 1966. Prior to his professional sports career, James won a Welsh youth cap in football in Swansea Town. Jame was born on June 19th, 1933, and he died on July 20th, 2016 at the age of 83.
Category: summarization
Instruction: According to the passage below, what is Reinforcement Learning?
Context: Reinforcement learning (RL) is an area of machine learning concerned with how intelligent agents ought to take actions in an environment in order to maximize the notion of cumulative reward. Reinforcement learning is one of three basic machine learning paradigms, alongside supervised learning and unsupervised learning.

Reinforcement learning differs from supervised learning in not needing labelled input/output pairs to be presented, and in not needing sub-optimal actions to be explicitly corrected. Instead the focus is on finding a balance between exploration (of uncharted territory) and exploitation (of current knowledge).
Response: In machine learning, reinforcement learning (RL) is a domain concerned with how intelligent agents respond to maximize their total rewards. Alongside supervised and unsupervised learning, it is one of 3 types of machine learning. Unlike supervised learning, RL does not require labeled data.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: What is one of your favorite hobbies?
Response: I'm a big sports fan, and as a native of Northern California, I really enjoy watching the San Francisco 49ers and Sacramento Kings in particular. I've always been a fan of the NFL and NBA, and watch nearly every game of my favorite teams.
Category: classification
Instruction: Who is the best soccer player of all time?
Response: Pele is the biggest player of all time, he won three World Cup and he's the only player that has this achievement. In his career, he scored more than 1.280 goals in his career and won more than 60 championships playing with Santos Futebol Clube (Brazil), Cosmos (USA) and the Brazilian team.
Category: classification
Instruction: Tell me if these animals are mammals or birds: Emu, Gorilla, Platypus, Kangaroo, Ostrich, Robin, Raven
Response: Emu: Bird, Gorilla: Mammal, Platypus: Mammal, Kangaroo: Mammal, Ostrich: Bird, Robin: Bird, Raven: Bird
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Who finished the Wheel of Time series?
Context: Sanderson rose to prominence in late 2007 when Harriet McDougal, the wife and editor of author Robert Jordan, chose Sanderson to complete the final books in Jordan's epic fantasy series The Wheel of Time after Jordan's death. McDougal asked Sanderson to finish the series after being deeply impressed by his first Mistborn novel, The Final Empire. Tor Books made the announcement on December 7, 2007. After reviewing what was necessary to complete the series, Sanderson and Tor announced on March 30, 2009, that a final three books would be published instead of just one.

The first of these, The Gathering Storm, was published on October 27, 2009, and reached the number-one spot on the New York Times bestseller list for hardcover fiction.Towers of Midnight, the second-to-last Wheel of Time book, was published just over a year after The Gathering Storm on November 2, 2010, debuting at number one on the bestseller list. In early 2013, the series was completed with the publication of A Memory of Light.
Response: The death of Robert Jordan, the original author of the Wheel of Time series, prompted his wife and editor, Harriet McDougal, to find someone to complete her late husband's work. She chose Brandon Sanderson, who had recently released the popular first novel of the Mistborn series, The Final Empire. Sanderson agreed after reviewing Jordan's notes.
Category: classification
Instruction: Classify each of the following countries as either democratic or authoritarian: USA, Russia, China, Sweden, UK.
Response: According to the Democracy Index, compiled by the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) USA, Sweden and UK are fully democratic countries  whereas Russia and China belong to authoritarian regimes.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: What is the best way to get a good night of rest.
Response: Do not look at any screens with blue light 1 hour before bed. Drink tea. Meditate. Ensure there is no light in the room and it is a quiet space. Optimal temperature is 65 degrees.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: Extract the names of the islands located on the Eastern Group of the Azores plateau from the text. Separate them with a comma.
Context: These islands can be divided into three recognizable groups located on the Azores Plateau:
The Eastern Group (Grupo Oriental) of São Miguel, Santa Maria and Formigas Islets
The Central Group (Grupo Central) of Terceira, Graciosa, São Jorge, Pico and Faial
The Western Group (Grupo Ocidental) of Flores and Corvo.
Response: São Miguel, Santa Maria and Formigas
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: When was Galaga released?
Context: Galaga is a 1981 fixed shooter arcade video game developed and published by Namco. In North America, it was released by Midway Manufacturing. It is the sequel to Galaxian (1979), Namco's first major video game hit in arcades. Controlling a starship, the player is tasked with destroying the Galaga forces in each stage while avoiding enemies and projectiles. Some enemies can capture a player's ship via a tractor beam, which can be rescued to transform the player into a "dual fighter" with additional firepower.
Response: Galaga was released in 1981 as a fixed shooter arcade video game developed and published by Namco.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Think up some locations for me to ask my partner out
Response: - On a greek island 
- At Disney World 
- At their favorite pizza place 
- On a cruise ship 
- At the end of a hike 
- At the Burj Khalifa 
- On a private charter helicopter ride 
- At Times Square, NYC
- At the Taj Mahal 
-  At a surprise party in their favorite place growing up 
- where you first met your partner 
- where you first confessed that you like each other 
- at your favorite date spot 
- at the northern lights in Norway
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Is Blind a reliable source for information?
Response: Blind is an app where the tech community can anonymously post opinions and polls.  Because of the anonymity of the users, it can be reliable because people can post opinions unfiltered without the fear of repercussions (although there is an anti bullying policy that is enforced by banning users if they violate the policy).  Ironically, the anonymity is also what can lead to unreliable information as many opinions are users trolling each other and giving exaggerated and false responses.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: List the best-known types of Intellectual property. List the results in comma separated format.
Context: Intellectual property (IP) is a category of property that includes intangible creations of the human intellect. There are many types of intellectual property, and some countries recognize more than others. The best-known types are patents, copyrights, trademarks, and trade secrets. The modern concept of intellectual property developed in England in the 17th and 18th centuries. The term "intellectual property" began to be used in the 19th century, though it was not until the late 20th century that intellectual property became commonplace in most of the world's legal systems.

The main purpose of intellectual property law is to encourage the creation of a wide variety of intellectual goods. To achieve this, the law gives people and businesses property rights to the information and intellectual goods they create, usually for a limited period of time. This gives economic incentive for their creation, because it allows people to benefit from the information and intellectual goods they create, and allows them to protect their ideas and prevent copying. These economic incentives are expected to stimulate innovation and contribute to the technological progress of countries, which depends on the extent of protection granted to innovators.

The intangible nature of intellectual property presents difficulties when compared with traditional property like land or goods. Unlike traditional property, intellectual property is "indivisible", since an unlimited number of people can "consume" an intellectual good without its being depleted.Additionally, investments in intellectual goods suffer from appropriation problems: Landowners can surround their land with a robust fence and hire armed guards to protect it, but producers of information or literature can usually do little to stop their first buyer from replicating it and selling it at a lower price. Balancing rights so that they are strong enough to encourage the creation of intellectual goods but not so strong that they prevent the goods' wide use is the primary focus of modern intellectual property law.
Response: patents, copyrights, trademarks, trade secrets
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is the difference between the Debt Snowball and Debt Avalanche methods of paying off debt?
Response: The Debt Snowball and Debt Avalanche are two widely known methods of paying off debt. One is a mathematically faster way to pay off the debt; whereas, the alternative is slightly slower but is more psychologically motivating. This motivation is what helps the person reach their debt pay off goals. The following set of debts will be used as the basis for explaining each method:

Debt A has a balance of $10,000 at a 4% interest rate. 
Debt B has a balance of $5,000 at a 10% interest rate.
Debt C has a balance of $8,000 at a 24% interest rate. 

The Debt Avalanche is typically the fastest and most cost effective way to pay off debt. The person makes minimum payments on all their debts and any extra goes towards the account with highest interest rate (Debt C in example above). Once that first balance is paid off, the person takes the payments from that and puts it all towards the second highest interest rate (Debt B). Repeat until all debts are paid.

The Debt Snowball is a method popularized by a personal finance expert, Dave Ramsey, in Step 2 of his 7 Baby Steps to building wealth. This method uses psychology by paying off the smallest balance first (Debt B above). The theory is that the feeling of quickly paying off a debt balance provides the motivation to stick with the program. Similar to the Debt Avalanche, the person takes the payments from Debt B and puts it towards the next smallest balance (Debt C). Repeat until all debts are paid.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: How to introduce a new cat to the household if you already have cats?
Response: Confine the new cat to a single room. Make sure the confined cat have access to everything he or she needs, including water, food, bedding, litterbox and toys. Feed your new and existing cats across the closed door, so that the cats can smell each other and associate each other's presence with food and happiness. Use synthetic feline facial pheromone in both the new cat’s room and in the area where the resident cat spends the most time will help to create feelings of familiarity and security within the physical environment. After a while, exchange pieces of bedding between the resident cats and the new cat so that the cats start to recognize each others scents. Slowly allow cats to interact with each other under supervision to ensure the cats build early positive experiences together.
Category: classification
Instruction: Which is a species of fish? Sturgeon or Surgeon
Response: Sturgeon
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Why is Pickleball sport so popular
Response: Pickleball is so popular because anyone can get started fairly easily, as the equipment is not expensive, and there are lot of freely available public courts to play. It is also an easy sport to quickly pick up and able to play at a decent level recreationally and competitively.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Who is Edgar Allen Poe?
Response: Edgar Allen Poe is an American born poet and writer.  He has written many short stories, and is a renown figure of Romanticism in the US and US Literature.  High schools will teach about Edgar Allen Poe when teaching about American Literature and poetry.  One of his best quotes is the following: ""Words have no power to impress the mind without the exquisite horror of their reality."
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What are the top boba places in San Mateo County??
Response: There are a few great boba places in San Mateo 1. Yifang, 2. TP Tea, 3.  Urban Ritual 4. Cha Express 5.  Feng Cha
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is the potential hydrogen (ph) of water?
Response: The potential hydrogen of water measure how acidic or alkaline water is?  Water with a potential hydrogen of 7.0 is considered neutral water and this kind of water is typically distilled water.  Water that has a ph of less than 7.0 considered acidic water and even some bottled water has a PH less than 7.0.  Water which a PH higher than 7.0 is considered alkaline.  You can also adjust the PH of water with simple salts.  For example baking soda can be used to raise the PH of water which is acidic and lemon juice can be used to lower the PH of water that is alkaline.
Category: classification
Instruction: Classify each of the following as something you sit on or stand on: chair, couch, paddle board, skateboard, sofa, skis
Response: Chair: Sit On
Couch: Sit On
Paddle Board: Stand On
Skateboard: Stand On
Sofa: Sit On
Skis: Stand On
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: What are the best investments ideas?
Response: How you invest depends on some important factors:

- Objective: What do you want to do with the money?
- Timeline: What is the period that you want to invest and/or need to withdraw from the investment?
- Risk tolerance: How do you feel comfortable with market variations?

Depending on these factors you can select the types of investments that best fit your goals such as:

- Treasury/Certificate of Deposits/Bonds
- Fixed Income
- REIT (Real Estate Investment Trust)
- Mutual Funds
- Stock Market

You can choose between one type of investment or adopt strategies to diversify your portfolio.

Also, there are more advanced types of investment strategies such as Options and Derivatives, for more investment ideas and how to adopt a strategy you can consult your financial advisor.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: what is typical enterprise sales person comp mix between base and commission?
Response: 50/50
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: What are all the books in the Lord of the Rings trilogy?
Context: Although often called a trilogy, the work was intended by Tolkien to be one volume of a two-volume set along with The Silmarillion.[T 3] For economic reasons, The Lord of the Rings was published over the course of a year from 29 July 1954 to 20 October 1955 in three volumes titled The Fellowship of the Ring, The Two Towers, and The Return of the King. The work is divided internally into six books, two per volume, with several appendices of background material. Some later editions print the entire work in a single volume, following the author's original intent.
Response: The Lord of the Rings trilogy is comprised of: The Fellowship of the Ring, The Two Towers and The Return of the King.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What's the capital of Brazil?
Response: The capital of Brazil is Rio de Janeiro.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: How can I improve my sleep?
Response: There are a number of variables that can help you improve your sleep.  It is important to try different recommendations and see which ones will have the biggest impact for you.  Sleep is the foundation of our mental and physical health and performance in all endeavors. 

1) View sunlight by going outside within 30-60 minutes of waking. Do that again in the late afternoon, prior to sunset. If you wake up before the sun is out and you want to be awake, turn on artificial lights and then go outside once the sun rises.
On bright cloudless days: view morning and afternoon sun for 10 min; cloudy days: 20 min; very overcast days 30-60 min. If you live someplace with very minimal light, consider an artificial daytime simulator source.
Don’t wear sunglasses for this practice if you safely can, but contact lenses and eyeglasses are fine.
No, you don’t have to look directly at the sun, and never look at ANY light so bright it is painful to view! That said, you can’t wear a brimmed hat, sunglasses and remain in the shade and expect to “wake up” your circadian clock.

2) Wake up at the same time each day and go to sleep when you first start to feel sleepy. Pushing through the sleepy late evening feeling and going to sleep too late is one reason people wake at 3 am and can’t fall back asleep.

3) Avoid caffeine within 8-10 hours of bedtime. 

4) Avoid viewing bright lights—especially bright overhead lights between 10 pm and 4 am. Here is a simple rule: only use as much artificial lighting as is necessary for you to remain and move about safely at night. Blue blockers can help a bit at night but still dim the lights. Viewing bright lights of all colors are a problem for your circadian system. Candlelight and moonlight are fine. 

5) Limit daytime naps to less than 90 min, or don’t nap at all. 

6) If you wake up in the middle of the night (which, by the way, is normal to do once or so each night) but you can’t fall back asleep, consider doing an NSDR protocol when you wake up. 

7) Keep the room you sleep in cool and dark and layer on blankets that you can remove.
Your body needs to drop in temperature by 1-3 degrees to fall and stay asleep effectively. Body temperature increases are one reason you wake up. Thus, keep your room cool and remove blankets as needed. If it’s too hot you would have to use a cooling device and that’s harder than simply tossing off blankets if you get too warm.

8) Drinking alcohol messes up your sleep. As do most sleep medications.

9) Kids have changing sleep needs over time. Adjust accordingly.
Teens might be night owls at 15 but become “morning people” as they age or need 6 hours a night in summer and 7-8 in winter. It will vary.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: What is the meaning of life?
Response: The meaning of life is understood differently by distinct human cultures. This question can be framed as one about ethics and depend on individual belief and values. Some think that life is about achieving goals, while others aim to seek happiness. This question continues to fascinate humanity and has inspired many debates.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: What are the best superhero movies of 2022 ?
Response: The number of superhero movies produced year after year keep increasing  since the first Iron Man movie which was released in 2008. Marvel and Dc comics are leading. Here is the list of the top 5 : The Batman, Black Panther Wakanda Forever, Black Adam, Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: When did Singapore achieve independence?
Response: Singapore first achieved independence from British rule on 16 September 1963, through a merger with Malaya, North Borneo and Sarawak. However, due to racial tensions, Singapore was abruptly expelled from this union on 9 August 1965. This decision was made through a 126-0 vote for a constitutional amendment at the Parliament of Malaysia. Lee Kuan Yew, the first prime minister of Singapore, tearfully announced that Singapore had become an independent and sovereign state.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Given a reference text about Bully, tell me when it premiered and what it was about.
Context: Bully (alternatively titled Bully: The Musical) is a 2017 musical featurette written and directed by Aaron Alon and produced by Thunderclap Productions. Bully is a dramatic musical about Sam Bradley, a young man who kills himself after being repeatedly bullied in school because others suspect he is gay. The story follows Sam in the days leading up to his death and the lives of those around him in the days following his suicide.

Bully premiered in the United States on September 24, 2017, at Alamo Drafthouse – Mason Park in Houston, Texas. The film had its film festival premiere in the 2018 Rainier Independent Film Festival in Ashford, Washington, on May 20, 2018.
Response: Bully premiered on September 24, 2017 and was about a young man who commits suicide after being bullied in school because others thought he was gay.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Who won the World Chess Championship in 2021?
Response: Magnus Carlsen defeated Ian Nepomniachtchi 7.5 - 3.5 to become the 2021 World Chess Champion.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: what is one good example on a hackathon project for a middle school student for programming?
Response: After months of lockdowns and social distancing, schools finally reopened for in-person classes, and parents are thrilled to be able to attend their children's concerts and performances once again. Many parents had missed these events and were eager to show their support for their children's artistic pursuits. Parents are excited to attend her in-person concert, but many of them quickly realized that they didn't know much about classical music, which made it difficult for them to fully appreciate the performance.

As a kid who loves music, I always feel so proud and happy when my parents attend my concerts and performances. However, I often wonder if they are truly able to enjoy the music as much as I do, especially since they may not know much about the background and context of the pieces that are being played.

I believe that knowing the background of the music can make a huge difference in how much someone enjoys it. When you understand the story and history behind a piece of music, it becomes more than just a series of notes and melodies; it becomes a powerful expression of emotion and meaning. Also knowing the background of the music can help us appreciate and connect with the music on a deeper level, allowing us to use it as a powerful tool for stress relief and relaxation. By actively listening and understanding the expressive qualities of the music, we can harness its potential to enhance our mood and promote emotional wellbeing.