fedml/databricks-dolly-15k-niid huggingface dataset:
Category: summarization
Instruction: What is the Fallout game?
Context: Fallout: A Post Nuclear Role Playing Game is a 1997 role-playing video game developed and published by Interplay Productions. In a mid-22nd century post-apocalyptic and retro-futuristic world, decades after a global nuclear war between the United States and China, Fallout's protagonist, the Vault Dweller, inhabits the underground nuclear shelter Vault 13. After customizing their character, the player must scour the surrounding wasteland for a computer chip that can fix the Vault's failed water supply system. They interact with other survivors, some of whom give them missions, and engage in turn-based combat where they battle until their action points are depleted.
Response: Fallout is a cyberpunk game based in a post-apocalyptic world. It is an RPG that gained extreme popularity for its storytelling, setting, music and art. The famous RPG game uses a 1950's retro world that is combined with futuristic technology to create a unique setting. With many branching quest lines and plenty of items, weapons and loot, the game has hours worth of content. The basic plot of the game follows a vault dweller. The main character emerges from an underground vault to find a broken but thriving post-apocalyptic world. He meets many different people struggling to survive and monsters that evolved from all the radiation.
Category: creative_writing
Instruction: Write instructions to a dog sitter for a dog named Chunkie
Response: Thanks for coming over to spend time with Chunkie! Here is a summary of tips / directions

Hearing - Chunkie is deaf; you’ll need to make eye contact and hand gestures or grab her by the neck to give her gentle guidance. 

Stairs - Chunkie can’t take the front stairs given her arthritis, you’ll need to go out the sliding door (remove lock bar at the bottom), out the backyard gate to the left, and down the slide stairs. It’s ok to leave the sliding door unlocked during your walk. Go back in this way too. 

Walking - Try walking her to the Women’s garden and back. Her lease and poop bags are on the floor next to the sliding door. She doesn’t really walk fast or far anymore so if she doesn’t want to walk just take her back home. 

Other dogs - Chunkie doesn’t really like other dogs so keep her leash tight when other dogs are around. She does love people and is very safe w/ other people and kids.

Snack - You may feed her a snack - one pig ear and a few of the other smaller snacks. I’ll leave the snacks on the kitchen counter.

Water - Please refill her water bowls when you get there and make sure they are full before you leave (purple bowl in the dining room next to the window and silver bowl near sliding door).

Home - Feel free to make yourself at home! Chunkie usually hangs in my office / the TV room. She does need some help getting up the 2 stairs from that room and the main great room.

Locking up - Please put the lock bar back on the sliding door, leave the key on the kitchen counter (or on the bottom stairs as you exit) and lock the front door by depressing the door handle button.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: What's the best part of having children?
Response: I am not sure if I can answer to what is the best, as I love many facets of having kids.  I have three children and they are each 5 years apart.  Each child has their own personality and traits however they all share their love of laughter, affection, dance, singing and all are clever.  I love having a little hand in mine as we cross the street.  Seeing my child's eyes light up when I am watching them do something they love brings more joy to my heart than I can explain.  There is also no way to ever fully explain the feeling of love and happiness when I get a nice big hug, especially after a long day.  I also learn a lot from having children like being more patient, curious, empathetic and when needed decisive and firm.  There is not one thing I love best, but all the things!
Category: classification
Instruction: I want to watch a movie that won the Oscar for best picture. Here are my choices: Moonlight, Wizard of Oz, Arrival, Elvis, Everything Everywhere All at Once, Chicago, Gone with the Wind, Top Gun. What should I choose?
Response: These movies are Oscar winners for Best Picture: Moonlight, Everything Everywhere All at Once, Gone with the Wind and Chicago.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: What type of battery should I get to power my trolling motor?
Response: Traditionally the answer is to utilize a deep cycle marine lead acid battery.  These batteries are similar to a car battery but instead of having a high amount of cold cranking amps they have the ability to be run to a lower state of charge without damage.  A better solution is to use a LiFePO4 battery.  These batteries may have a higher initial cost, but will generally last longer than the traditional battery while providing more usable capacity and having a substantially lower weight.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Based on this reference text about bull sharks, why can bull sharks live in both salt and fresh water?
Context: The bull shark (Carcharhinus leucas), also known as the Zambezi shark (informally zambi) in Africa and Lake Nicaragua shark in Nicaragua, is a species of requiem shark commonly found worldwide in warm, shallow waters along coasts and in rivers. It is known for its aggressive nature, and presence mainly in warm, shallow brackish and freshwater systems including estuaries and (usually) lower reaches of rivers.

Bull sharks are euryhaline and can thrive in both salt and fresh water. They are known to travel far up rivers, and have been known to travel up the Mississippi River as far as Alton, Illinois, about 1,100 kilometres (700 mi) from the ocean, but few freshwater interactions with humans have been recorded. Larger-sized bull sharks are probably responsible for the majority of nearshore shark attacks, including many incidents of shark bites attributed to other species.

Unlike the river sharks of the genus Glyphis, bull sharks are not true freshwater sharks, despite their ability to survive in freshwater habitats.
Response: Bull sharks can live in both salt and fresh water because they are euryhaline.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Who is John Schneider
Response: John Schneider is an actor, theatre director, playwright, and musician based in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. He is currently the Arts and Entertainment Editor for the Shepherd Express and a theatre arts professor at Marquette University.
Category: creative_writing
Instruction: We are getting a new puppy today, I am writing this messages to you our beloved children that we need to keep the Cats away from the new puppy for at least the first 2 weeks.
Response: The reason is that the Cat will feel intimated and attack the new puppy if we don't separate them and let them get used to each other for a period of time.
Category: classification
Instruction: Classify each of these as either a green fruit or a yellow fruit: kiwi, banana, granny smith apple, starfruit, grape
Response: Green fruit: kiwi, granny smith apple, grape
Yellow fruit: Banana, starfruit
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Where was Alexander The Great from?
Context: Alexander III of Macedon (Ancient Greek: Ἀλέξανδρος, romanized: Alexandros; 20/21 July 356 BC – 10/11 June 323 BC), commonly known as Alexander the Great, was a king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon. He succeeded his father Philip II to the throne in 336 BC at the age of 20, and spent most of his ruling years conducting a lengthy military campaign throughout Western Asia and Egypt. By the age of 30, he had created one of the largest empires in history, stretching from Greece to northwestern India. He was undefeated in battle and is
Response: Alexender the Great was king of the ancient kingdom of Macedonia.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Eric Arthur Blaire was the real name of which author
Response: George Orwell
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is ADSL?
Response: A high-bandwidth digital transmission technology that uses existing phone lines and also allows voice transmissions over the same lines
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Based on this passage, why is Chris Kuroda's nickname CK5?
Context: Chris Kuroda, who has been Phish's lighting director since 1989, creates elaborate light displays during the band's concerts that are sometimes improvised in a similar fashion to their music. Justin Taylor of The Baffler wrote, "You could hate this music with every fiber of your being and still be ready to give Chris Kuroda a MacArthur "genius" grant for what he achieves with his light rig." Kuroda is often referred to by fans as the unofficial fifth member of the band, and has been given the nickname "CK5".
Response: Chris Kuroda's nickname, CK5, adds the number 5 to his initial. That is because his improvised light shows during Phish concerts give him a role comparable to a fifth member of the band.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: How can sunshine lift your mood?
Response: Well, whenever there is sunshine, I feel a lot more optimistic, have more clarity of mind, feel more peaceful and full of energy. 
Why is that happening? If you look at people's mood in winter, they're always more gloomy, introvert and don't socialise as much as in summer. In summer, however, people go out, enjoy the nature, get more fresh air and natural light, interact more with other people, eat more fruits and veggies and, since they are in season, they are tastier. All these are no brainers for boosting our wellbeing and therefore our positivity overall. 
No wonder that sun is considered the source of life not only in contemporary science but also in many ancient cultures. 
I wish we had more sunny days and time to enjoy them!
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What does "time flies" mean?
Response: When we are busy and having fun, our brains perceive time passage differently. Hence the expression time flies.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Given a reference text about the Dormouse, in which novel is it a character?
Context: The Dormouse is a character in "A Mad Tea-Party", Chapter VII  from the 1865 novel Alice's Adventures in Wonderland by Lewis Carroll.

The Dormouse sat between the March Hare and the Mad Hatter. They were using him as a cushion while he slept when Alice arrives at the start of the chapter.

The Dormouse is always falling asleep during the scene, waking up every so often, for example to say:

`You might just as well say,' added the Dormouse, who seemed to be talking in his sleep, that "I breathe when I sleep" is the same thing as "I sleep when I breathe"!'

He also tells a story about three young sisters who live in a treacle well, live on treacle, and draw pictures of things beginning with M, such as mousetraps, memory and muchness.

He later appears, equally sleepy, at the Knave of Hearts' trial and voices resentment at Alice for growing, and his last interaction with any character is his being "suppressed" (amongst other things) by the Queen for shouting out that tarts are made of treacle.
Response: The Dormouse is a character in the novel "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland".
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: Name some of the well-known superheroes of Marvel Comics as per the passage.
Context: Marvel Comics is an American comic book publisher and the flagship property of Marvel Entertainment, a division of The Walt Disney Company since September 1, 2009. Evolving from Timely Comics in 1939, Magazine Management/Atlas Comics in 1951 and its predecessor, Marvel Mystery Comics, the Marvel Comics title/name/brand was first used in June 1961.

Marvel was started in 1939 by Martin Goodman as Timely Comics, and by 1951 had generally become known as Atlas Comics. The Marvel era began in June 1961 with the launch of The Fantastic Four and other superhero titles created by Stan Lee, Jack Kirby, Steve Ditko and many others. The Marvel brand, which had been used over the years and decades, was solidified as the company's primary brand.

Marvel counts among its characters such well-known superheroes as Spider-Man, Iron Man, Captain America, Thor, Doctor Strange, Hulk, Daredevil, Wolverine, Black Panther and Captain Marvel, as well as popular superhero teams such as the Avengers, X-Men, Fantastic Four, and Guardians of the Galaxy. Its stable of well-known supervillains includes the likes of Doctor Doom, Magneto, Ultron, Thanos, Kang the Conqueror, Green Goblin, Galactus, Loki, and Kingpin. Most of Marvel's fictional characters operate in a single reality known as the Marvel Universe, with most locations mirroring real-life places; many major characters are based in New York City, New York, United States. Additionally, Marvel has published several licensed properties from other companies. This includes Star Wars comics twice from 1977 to 1986 and again since 2015.
Response: Spider-Man, Iron Man, Captain America, Thor, Doctor Strange, Hulk, Daredevil, Wolverine, Black Panther and Captain Marvel.
Category: classification
Instruction: Tell me whether these people are DJs or singers: David Guetta, Avicii, Rihanna, Beyonce, Martin Garrix, Calvin Harris, Taylor Swift
Response: David Guetta: DJ
Avicii: DJ
Rihanna: Singer
Beyonce: Singer
Martin Garrix: DJ
Calvin Harris: DJ
Taylor Swift: Singer
Category: classification
Instruction: Identify which instrument is string or woodwind: Veena, Mizmar
Response: Mizmar is woodwind, Veena is string.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: How to bake the perfect flourless cheesecake?
Response: 1. Assemble the following ingredients: 500 gm quark, mascarpone cheese 250gm (alternatively cream cheese 420gm and heavy cream 200gm), 3 eggs, 2 egg yolks, 50gm sugar, lemon juice 10gm (2 teaspoons). Make sure that all ingredients are at room temperature.
2. Crack the eggs and whisk them until they form a smooth mixture. Don't overdo it.
3. In a mixing bowl, add the quark, mascarpone cheese and sugar. Mix till it is well incorporated. Then gradually add the whisked eggs. 
4. Whisk the mixture while adding the lemon juice. You may add a flavouring essence of your choice, such as vanilla. Blend everything well.
5. Preheat the oven at 210 degree Celsius.
6. Apply butter on the inner sides and bottom of the baking tin and stick butter paper or baking paper to cover all inner surfaces.
7. Pour the batter prepared in step 4 into the baking tin and put the tin in the preheated oven
8. Bake for 20-25 minutes until the top of the cheesecake is burnt to a shade of brown.
9. Remove the baking tin from the oven and let it cool down in open air
10. Once cooled, chill the cheesecake in the fridge overnight for then best taste and texture. However it can also be enjoyed without refrigerating.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: What is the value of higher education?
Response: Higher education offers opportunities for people to expand their knowledge and experience. Choosing to pursue education beyond mandatory schooling provides people the chance to receive in-depth training on topics that they enjoy, but also have more exposure to a breadth of various topics. While everyone does not need higher eduction in order to be successful, it does offer many ways for people to explore new interests, develop a mastery of skills, and even learn more about themselves. Higher education offers academic, as well as personal benefits. For example, attending a college or university offers the chance for people to receive mentorship from distinguished professors, meet new people from diverse backgrounds, and share their own ideas with others. There is great value in higher education for people interested in learning new skills before they start their career, advancing their skillset in their current profession, or venturing into a new vocation.
Category: classification
Instruction: Identify which animal species is alive or extinct: Sarcosuchus, Plains Bison
Response: Sarcosuchus is extinct, Plains Bison is alive.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Name an old wives tale
Response: Swallowing gum will cause it to stick to your stomach for seven years. This is not true and is considered an old wives' tale
Category: classification
Instruction: Identify which animal species is alive or extinct: Vaquita, Daeodon
Response: Daeodon is extinct, Vaquita is alive.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: Extract names of song xand the songwriters from the passage and separate them by dot
Context: "If You Want Me To" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music singer Joe Diffie. It was released in December 1990 as the second single from his debut album A Thousand Winding Roads. The song reached the Top 5 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) chart. The song was written by Diffie and Larry Williams.
Response: If you Want Me To.Joe Diffie.Larry Williams
Category: open_qa
Instruction: How reliable is public transportation?
Response: Reliability of public transportation varies drastically depending on which city you are in and depends on investment and maintenance of existing infrastructure. For example, the public transportation network in Switzerland spans a wide network that comprises of trains, trams, busses, and ferries, runs timely on a schedule to the minute, and is used as a primary mode of transportation for many residents. In contrast, it can be challenging to get around many cities in the United States without a car. Public transportation ridership often depends on reliability, which in turn often determines the availability of investments in the required infrastructure. This creates an unfortunate cycle making it very difficult for public transportation to become more reliable without external investments where the system is funding itself.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Give me a bulleted list of some things that could go wrong skateboarding down a steep hill
Response: - You could hit a rock in the street and go flying off your board
- You could gain too much speed and be unable to slow down
- You could be unable to stop and run a stop sign in front of a cop car
- You could be hit by a car
- You could have your board fly into traffic and be broken by a car
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: Find the price of Osborne 1 from this passage.
Context: The Osborne effect is a social phenomenon of customers canceling or deferring orders for the current, soon-to-be-obsolete product as an unexpected drawback of a company's announcing a future product prematurely. It is an example of cannibalization.
The term alludes to the Osborne Computer Corporation, whose second product did not become available until more than a year after it was announced. The company's subsequent bankruptcy was widely blamed on reduced sales after the announcement.
The Osborne Effect states that prematurely discussing future, unavailable products damages sales of existing products. The name comes from the planned replacement of the Osborne 1, an early personal computer first sold by the Osborne Computer Corporation in 1981. In 1983, founder Adam Osborne pre-announced several next-generation computer models (the Osborne Executive and Osborne Vixen), which were only prototypes, highlighting the fact that they would outperform the existing model as the prototypes dramatically cut down assembly time. A widely held belief was that sales of the Osborne 1 fell sharply as customers anticipated those more advanced systems, leading to a sales decline from which Osborne Computer was unable to recover. This belief appeared in the media almost immediately after the company's September 1983 bankruptcy:

To give the jazzy $2,495 Osborne Executive a running start, Adam began orchestrating publicity early in 1983. We, along with many other magazines, were shown the machine in locked hotel rooms. We were required not to have anything in print about it until the planned release date in mid-April. As far as we know, nothing did appear in print, but dealers heard about the plans and cancelled orders for the Osborne 1 in droves. In early April, Osborne told dealers he would be showing them the machine on a one-week tour the week of 17 April, and emphasized that the new machine was not a competitor for the Osborne 1. But dealers didn't react the way Osborne expected; said Osborne, "All of them just cancelled their orders for the Osborne 1."

Osborne reacted by drastically cutting prices on the Osborne 1 in an effort to stimulate cash flow. But nothing seemed to work, and for several months sales were practically non-existent.

Pre-announcement is done for several reasons: to reassure current customers that there is improvement or lower cost coming, to increase the interest of the media and investors in the company's future prospects, and to intimidate or confuse competitors. When done correctly, the sales or cash flow impact to the company is minimal, with the revenue drop for the current product being offset by orders or completed sales of the new product as it becomes available. However, when the Osborne effect occurs, the quantity of unsold goods increases and the company must react by discounting and/or lowering production of the current product, both of which depress cash flow.
Response: The price of Osborne 1 is not mentioned in the passage. However, the price of its successor model Osborne Executive was $2,495.
Category: summarization
Instruction: Where is Allauch
Context: Allauch (French pronunciation: ​; Occitan: Alaug) is a French commune situated east of Marseille in the department of Bouches-du-Rhône in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region of France.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Allaudiens or Allaudiennes in French.
Response: Allauch is a French commune situated east of Marseille in the department of Bouches-du-Rhône in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region of France.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Allaudiens or Allaudiennes in French.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: Extract from the text the list of actors and the characters they play.  List answer as bullet list in in format:  {actor name}:  {character name}
Context: The Mandalorian is an American space Western television series created by Jon Favreau for the streaming service Disney+. It is the first live-action series in the Star Wars franchise, beginning five years after the events of Return of the Jedi (1983), and stars Pedro Pascal as the title character, a lone bounty hunter who goes on the run to protect the Force-sensitive child Grogu. Starting in the third season, Katee Sackhoff also stars as Mandalorian Bo-Katan Kryze, following her appearance in the second season.
Response: - Pedro Pascal: Mandelorian
- Katee Sackhoff: Bo-Katan Kryze
Category: classification
Instruction: Are platypuses mammals or oviparous?
Response: Platypuses are both mammals (as they raise their off-springs with maternal milk) and oviparous (as they lay eggs).
Category: general_qa
Instruction: I am on a week long vacation to India and specifically want to explore Himalayan state of Himachal Pradesh. How should I plan my trip ?
Response: Firstly , fly to Delhi or Chandigarh. These cities are well connected via flights from across the world.  Next , take an overnight bus to Manali.  There are ample buses available connecting Manali from any cities.  Spend 4 days of your time  enjoying local cuisine and sight seeing.   Do carry wollens  as temperature drops sub zero during the night. Next , head towards Shimla and spend 2 days here for local sightseeing enjoying marvels of British architectures and old mall road.  Wrap up your trip travelling back to Delhi or Chandigarh. Spend time doing some local shopping before you fly back home.
Category: classification
Instruction: What is Genetics?
Response: Genetics is the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity in organisms. It is an important branch in biology because heredity is vital to organisms' evolution. Gregor Mendel, a Moravian Augustinian friar working in the 19th century in Brno, was the first to study genetics scientifically. Mendel studied "trait inheritance", patterns in the way traits are handed down from parents to offspring over time. He observed that organisms (pea plants) inherit traits by way of discrete "units of inheritance". This term, still used today, is a somewhat ambiguous definition of what is referred to as a gene.

Trait inheritance and molecular inheritance mechanisms of genes are still primary principles of genetics in the 21st century, but modern genetics has expanded to study the function and behavior of genes. Gene structure and function, variation, and distribution are studied within the context of the cell, the organism (e.g. dominance), and within the context of a population. Genetics has given rise to a number of subfields, including molecular genetics, epigenetics and population genetics. Organisms studied within the broad field span the domains of life (archaea, bacteria, and eukarya).

Genetic processes work in combination with an organism's environment and experiences to influence development and behavior, often referred to as nature versus nurture. The intracellular or extracellular environment of a living cell or organism may increase or decrease gene transcription. A classic example is two seeds of genetically identical corn, one placed in a temperate climate and one in an arid climate (lacking sufficient waterfall or rain). While the average height of the two corn stalks may be genetically determined to be equal, the one in the arid climate only grows to half the height of the one in the temperate climate due to lack of water and nutrients in its environment.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: What are the advantages and disadvantages of allowing people to perform delivery tasks by walking instead of requiring the use of a bike or car? When do you think it is more pragmatic for deliveries to be fulfilled by walking versus biking or driving?
Response: There are both advantages and disadvantages to allowing delivery tasks to be completed by walking instead of biking or driving. The following is a list of advantages and disadvantages:

Advantages:
- Additional supply of individuals capable of performing deliveries (i.e., people without a bike or car)
- Potential for shorter delivery times in densely populated metropolitan areas
- Positive impact on the environment and sustainability
- Stronger contribution margins for shorter deliveries

Disadvantages:
- Weather can heavily impact if items are delivered or not as well as the quality of items when delivered (e.g., wet paper towels)
- Limitations on the number and weight of items being delivered
- Less deliveries can be performed together (i.e., batching of deliveries)
- Distance items can be delivered is substantially shorter

Overall, permitting deliveries to be fulfilled by walking likely provides incremental benefits in certain situations, especially in densely populated urban centers. However, it is not feasible to deliver items by walking in suburban or rural areas given the distance that needs to be covered to successfully deliver items.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: what is love?
Response: Love comes in many forms.  Love can be between persons, love can be for an animal, or love can be for something that is fun or enjoyable like reading or writing.  The feeling associated with love are often happiness, joy, fun and excitement.  Love between persons can be done by showing affection, thoughtfully communicating, or doing a shared activity together.  Love for an animal can be done by taking them for a walk or petting them.  Love for something that is fun can be done by doing that activity over and over again.  The opposite of love is hate and is associated more with feelings of despair.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: From the text below, extract the year and the VR headset and the company that released it in the format {Year}-{Headset Name}-{Company} and place them in a bullet list
Context: In 2016, HTC shipped its first units of the HTC Vive SteamVR headset. This marked the first major commercial release of sensor-based tracking, allowing for free movement of users within a defined space. A patent filed by Sony in 2017 showed they were developing a similar location tracking technology to the Vive for PlayStation VR, with the potential for the development of a wireless headset. In 2019, Oculus released the Oculus Rift S and a standalone headset, the Oculus Quest. These headsets utilized inside-out tracking compared to external outside-in tracking seen in previous generations of headsets. Later in 2019, Valve released the Valve Index. Notable features include a 130° field of view, off-ear headphones for immersion and comfort, open-handed controllers which allow for individual finger tracking, front facing cameras, and a front expansion slot meant for extensibility.

In 2020, Oculus released the Oculus Quest 2. Some new features include a sharper screen, reduced price, and increased performance. Facebook (which became Meta a year later) initially required user to log in with a Facebook account in order to use the new headset. In 2021 the Oculus Quest 2 accounted for 80% of all VR headsets sold. Robinson R22 Virtual Reality Training Device developed by VRM Switzerland In 2021, EASA approved the first Virtual Reality based Flight Simulation Training Device. The device, for rotorcraft pilots, enhances safety by opening up the possibility of practicing risky maneuvers in a virtual environment. This addresses a key risk area in rotorcraft operations, where statistics show that around 20% of accidents occur during training flights.

In 2023, Sony released the Playstation VR2, a follow-up to their 2016 headset. Playstation VR2 comes with inside-out tracking, higher-resolution displays, controllers with adaptive triggers and haptic feedback, and a wider field-of-view.
Response: 2016 - HTC Vive SteamVR - HTC
2019 - Oculus Rift S - Oculus
2019 - Oculus Quest - Oculus
2019 - Valve Index - Valve
2020 - Oculus Quest 2 - Oculus
2021 - Robinson R22 Virtual Reality Training Device - VRM Switzerland
2023 - Playstation VR2 - Sony
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Given this summarized version of the Legend of the Christmas Spider, what turned the spider webs into precious metals?
Context: A poor but hardworking widow once lived in a small hut with her children. One summer day, a pine cone fell on the earthen floor of the hut and took root. The widow's children cared for the tree, excited at the prospect of having a Christmas tree by winter. The tree grew, but when Christmas Eve arrived, they could not afford to decorate it. The children sadly went to bed and fell asleep. Early the next morning, they woke up and saw the tree covered with cobwebs. When they opened the windows, the first rays of sunlight touched the webs and turned them into gold and silver. The widow and her children were overjoyed. From then on, they never lived in poverty again.
Response: The first rays of sunlight, after touching the webs, turned them into gold and silver.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Which country produces the most pineapples?
Response: The Philippines produces the most pineapples, followed closely by Costa Rica.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Total 15 PMs served under Queen Elizabeth II, name the last PM
Response: Liz Truss
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Where do we find Asiatic lions in India?
Response: Gujarat is the only state in India with a Lion population and Ghir national forest is home to many of the Asiatic lions. Lions were protected in India after Governments started establishing National reserve forests across the country.
Category: classification
Instruction: Are these surfing terms or not? Nutted, pitted, drop in, shwabang, glass, poot, crest
Response: The surfing terms are the following: pitted, drop in, glass, crest
Category: summarization
Instruction: Why Ramadan's date change every year?
Context: Because the Hilāl, or crescent moon, typically occurs approximately one day after the new moon, Muslims can usually estimate the beginning of Ramadan; however, many[who?] prefer to confirm the opening of Ramadan by direct visual observation of the crescent.
Response: Ramadan is a month in the Muslim hijri calendar. It's the month were Muslims fast from sunrise to sunset. The hijri calendar is a lunar calendar and therefore it shifts back 10-12 days every calendar year. Muslims confirm the first day of the month after they observe the new moon. And it ends as they observe the new moon for the month of Shawwal.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Does Indermaur work as CTO, CEO, or CFO?
Context: Indermaur works as a marketing specialist for her husband's technical trading company and is the chief executive officer of Comate, a marketing agency.
Response: CEO
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What equipment is required for scuba diving?
Response: Scuba diving requires
* An air (or enriched air) tank
* Breathing device - typically an open circuit regulator  or a closed circuit rebreather
* Buoyancy Control Device (bcd)
* Depth gauge
* Submersible Pressure Gauge
* Dive Computer or Watch
* Mask
* Fins
Optional equipment
* Wetsuit
* Weights
* Surface Marker Buoy
* Dive Light
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: From the passage note down the name of the countries which have most voting power. List the results in comma separated format.
Context: The World Bank is an international financial institution that provides loans and grants to the governments of low- and middle-income countries for the purpose of pursuing capital projects. The World Bank is the collective name for the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) and International Development Association (IDA), two of five international organizations owned by the World Bank Group. It was established along with the International Monetary Fund at the 1944 Bretton Woods Conference. After a slow start, its first loan was to France in 1947. In the 1970s, it focused on loans to developing world countries, shifting away from that mission in the 1980s. For the last 30 years, it has included NGOs and environmental groups in its loan portfolio. Its loan strategy is influenced by the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals, as well as environmental and social safeguards.

As of 2022, the World Bank is run by a president and 25 executive directors, as well as 29 various vice presidents. IBRD and IDA have 189 and 174 member countries, respectively. The U.S., Japan, China, Germany and the U.K. have the most voting power. The bank aims loans at developing countries to help reduce poverty. The bank is engaged in several global partnerships and initiatives, and takes a role in working toward addressing climate change. The World Bank operates a number of training wings and it works with the Clean Air Initiative and the UN Development Business. It works within the Open Data Initiative and hosts an Open Knowledge Repository.

The World Bank has been criticized as promoting inflation and harming economic development, causing protests in 1988 and 2000. There has also been criticism of the bank's governance and response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Response: U.S., Japan, China, Germany, U.K.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is a hardwired smoke detector?
Response: A smoke detector is an alarm that is triggered by the presence of smoke. Hardwired smoke detectors are connected into the structures electrical wiring, as opposed to battery-operated smoke detectors.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: What are the best National Parks in the United States
Response: Yosemite, Glacier, Zion, Yellowstone, Great Smoky Mountains, Rocky Mountain, Grand Teton, Acadia, Olympic, Bryce Canyon, Grand Canyon, Denali, Kenai Fjords, Arches...
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is a credit score?
Response: A credit score is a numerical representation of a person's ability to buy using credit and paying off the credit spent.  How much debt and how many credit cards a person has plays a factor in this numerical value.  This value also represents the person's credit worthiness and information from credit bureaus helps to calculate the credit score.  Credit scores are important when trying to get loans for things like cars, homes, and other things a person buys using financing.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Who won the 1988 Superbowl
Response: Washington Redskins
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: What are the five highest peaks in the world, their altitude, and the countries where are they located?
Response: - Everest Mount, 8849 meters, is located in the Himalayas chain at the Nepalese border with China
- K2, 8611 meters, located in the Karakoram mountain range in Pakistan and China 
- Kangchenjunga, 8586 meters, located in the Himalaya chain across Nepal & India 
- Lhotse, 8,516 meters, still located in the Himalayas chain in China and Nepal  
- Makalu, 8,485 meters, located in the Himalayas chain across Nepal and China
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: How to make a dated home look modern?
Response: 1) Repaint your walls with a neutral color.
2) Install a peel and stick modern backsplash in your kitchen
3) Use peel and stick vinyl flooring on bathroom
4) Paint your kitchen cabinets lighter color
5) Change hardware on cabinets
6) Install Modern light fixtures
Category: general_qa
Instruction: How do I get from Singapore to San Francisco?
Response: There are several direct flights from Singapore to San Francisco. Singapore Airlines and United Airlines offer several daily direct flights which take about 17h each way. Alternatively, you could take a connecting flight in Japan which would take about 20h. Driving wouldn't work because there's no continuous land route from Singapore to San Francisco. You could take a ship, but you'd need to find one that sails this route in addition to taking 2 weeks for the journey.
Category: summarization
Instruction: What is the Baur au Lac
Context: Baur au Lac is a luxury hotel at Talstrasse, Zürich, Switzerland.

The hotel was founded in 1844 by Johannes Baur, and is still owned by the Baur family. It was completely renovated between 2008 and 2010. It is a member of the Leading Hotels of the World marketing organisation.
Response: The Baur au Lac is a luxury hotel at Talstrasse, Zurich, Switzerland.

The hotel was founded in 1844 by Johannes Baur, and is still owned by the Baur family. It was completely renovated between 2008 and 2010. It is a member of the Leading Hotels of the World marketing organisation.

It is beautifully located, directly at the wonderful lake of Zurich in Switzerland
Category: general_qa
Instruction: How many sides and vertices does a polygon have?
Response: A polygon is a general case for a two dimensional shape where all edges and vertices essentially form a closed shape. A triangle for example has three edges/sides, with three vertices. A Pentagon has five vertices and five sides. A Nonagon has nine sides and nine vertices, and so forth. One can formulate a rule which defines an N sided polygon. This rule would look something like: an n-sided polygon has n sides and n vertices where n is an integer greater than or equal to three and forming a closed two-dimensional shape.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: How are clouds formed?
Response: It all begins with aerosols. Aerosols are tiny airborne particles typically from natural sources such as dust from soil or volcanic ash, sea salt, etc or artificial sources such as carbon from fossil fuels. These aerosols are light enough to be airborne for long periods of time or only a few hours. These serve as condensation nuclei for evaporated water that rises and cools. These aerosols act as a magnet for the vapor and allow it to condense around it and thus form water droplets. A large amount of these water droplets is what makes up a cloud.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: How do airplanes fly?
Response: Planes fly because of two forces - thrust and lift. 
Thrust is generated by the engines and moves the plane forward. 
When the wind passes the wings, there is a pressure differential created by the shape of the wings such that there is lift
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Vanessa and Lauren are both 32-year-old women with different levels of exercise experience. Vanessa, who weighs 124 lbs, has lifted weights before but Lauren, who weighs 166 lbs, has never participated in resistance training. Both women participate in initial fitness assessments and want your advice about starting a muscular fitness program at your exercise facility. Choose a different test to measure each woman's upper body muscular strength. Briefly explain the procedures for each assessment. What common errors should you watch for?
Response: For Vanessa, we’ll choose for her to perform a one-rep max assessment, specifically with the bench press. This is because she has experience with lifting weights. To start, she should warm up by completing several submaximal repetitions. We’re going to select an initial weight of 50-70% of her capacity, and progressively increase resistance by 2.5 to 20 kg until the subject cannot complete the repetitions. The final weight lifted should be the absolute 1-RM. Some common error we want to watch for is to make sure that the repetitions are performed at the same speed of movement and range of motion to ensure consistency. Additionally, on the setup portion, we should check the surroundings for hazards, set the bar to the right height for Vanessa based on her arm length, remove safety bars from both sides of the rack, secure weights correctly with safety clips, and have a spotter present. We should also make sure there is a proper progression of weight lifted, she’s not bouncing the bar off her chest, that she’s maintaining a neutral spine, and that she is breathing during the lift. For Lauren, because she has never participated in resistance training, we will select the flexed arm support test, as she may not be able to perform the dynamic push-up assessment properly. To start, she should have her hands outside her shoulders, and keep her back and legs straight. She should lower her body until the upper arm is parallel to the floor or the elbow is flexed at 90 degrees. She should be supporting her body in a push-up position from the knees. Some common mistakes include not breathing during the assessment, having a too-wide or too-narrow width for her hands, not maintaining a straight back and legs, and not lowering her body enough for the assessment.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: What city is WFSD Radio licensed to?
Context: WFSD-LP (107.9 FM) is a low-power FM radio station broadcasting a Christian inspirational format. Licensed to Tallahassee, Florida, United States, the station is currently owned by Tallahassee First Seventh-day Adventist Church, affiliated with LifeTalk Radio.
Response: WFSD Radio is licensed to Tallahassee, Florida, United States
Category: summarization
Instruction: Provide some key points about popular game Super Buster Bros from the given passage
Context: Super Buster Bros., released as Super Pang (スーパーパン) outside of North America, is a cooperative two-player shooting puzzle arcade video game developed by Mitchell and released in the United States in 1990 by Capcom. It is the second game in the Pang series and was ported to the Super Nintendo Entertainment System in 1992. It is also featured in the compilations Buster Bros. Collection for the original PlayStation and Capcom Puzzle World for PlayStation Portable. It was the tenth game released for the CP System hardware.
Response: 1. Mitchell created the cooperative two-player shooting puzzle arcade video game Super Buster Bros., which was published by Capcom in the United States in 1990 under the name Super Pang outside of North America.
2. It was transferred to the Super Nintendo Entertainment System in 1992 and is the second game in the Pang series.
3. It's included in compilations like Buster Bros.
4. Both Capcom Puzzle World for the PlayStation Portable and the Collection for the original PlayStation.
5. The CP System hardware had just received its tenth game release.
Category: classification
Instruction: Classify each of the following as either as a country or state: California, Texas, Oklahoma, New York, Illinois.
Response: These are classified as states.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Based on this paragraph about Massimo Bray, what language do you think he writes in?
Context: Massimo Bray is an academic publisher and a magazine editor. He was on the editorial board of the Italian Institute of Human Sciences until 1994. He is the cofounder of Notte della Taranta, which is among the most popular music festivals in Europe. He launched a blog on the Italian-language version of the Huffington Post.
Response: Massimo Bray likely writes in Italian.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Who was the first female to swim the English Channel?
Response: In 1926, Gertrude Ederle was the first woman to swim the English Channel. She was only 19 years old and an Olympic medalist when she made the crossing.
Category: creative_writing
Instruction: Who is Taehoon Oh?
Response: Taehoon Oh is a computer graphic specialist, game designer and developer. He is a co-founder and COO at Studio Roqovan, formerly known as Reload Studios. He was a lead artist and was one of the pioneer developers of the Call of Duty game franchise. He is also one of the co-founders of the non-gaming virtual reality subdivision of Studio Roqovan called Rascali, launched in September 2015
Category: summarization
Instruction: What are the main impacts to the earth as a result of climate change.
Context: Due to climate change, deserts are expanding, while heat waves and wildfires are becoming more common.Increased warming in the Arctic has contributed to melting permafrost, glacial retreat and sea ice loss. Higher temperatures are also causing more intense storms, droughts, and other weather extremes. Rapid environmental change in mountains, coral reefs, and the Arctic is forcing many species to relocate or become extinct.Even if efforts to minimise future warming are successful, some effects will continue for centuries. These include ocean heating, ocean acidification and sea level rise.
Climate change threatens people with increased flooding, extreme heat, increased food and water scarcity, more disease, and economic loss. Human migration and conflict can also be a result.
Response: More intense storms and droughts; Heat waves and wild fires are more common; Extinction of animal species; Increased food and water scarcity
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Which is better, a stock option or Restricted Stock Unit (RSU)?
Response: It is not possible to say that either one is better than the other. A stock option gives someone the right to buy a stock at a certain price (the “strike price”) at some point in the future. An RSU is a grant of a stock; the recipient does not pay money for it. An advantage of stock options compared to RSUs is that the gain between the strike price and the selling price is generally treated as a long-term capital gain, whereas the grant price of an RSU is treated as income, which is generally taxed at a higher rate. On the other hand, an advantage of RSUs is that they always have a nonzero value, whereas a stock option can become worthless if the stock price declines below the strike price.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: 5 origami styles
Response: Book fold 
Kite fold
Cupboard fold
Shawl fold 
Cushion fold
Category: classification
Instruction: The following words describe 'active' or 'passive' types of engagement. Identify which are 'active' and which are 'passive': create, consume, participate, build, make, watch, listen, and lead.
Response: 'Active' words: create, lead, participate, make, build
'Passive' words: watch, consume, listen
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What kind of fungi are Ochrolechiaceae
Response: The Ochrolechiaceae are a family of lichenized fungi in the order Pertusariales.
Category: classification
Instruction: Identify the bird from the list: Queensbury, Kingfisher, Bishopsgate
Response: Kingfisher
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is a digital camera?
Response: A digital camera is a hand held device that captures images with a push of a button.  These images are usually stored on a memory disk or card which can be downloaded to a computer at a later time.  Digital cameras were also part of a revolution that replaced photographic film.  Digital cameras use flashes when no natural light is available.  They produce better picture quality than traditional photographic film cameras and there is no cost to develop pictures and print them in order to enjoy them.