fedml/databricks-dolly-15k-niid huggingface dataset:
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Why are all the planets and moons round in shape? What makes them round? Does there exist another shape?
Response: Not all planets and moons are round. There is some variety in their shapes depending on their masses, and curiously looking worlds might even exist, unlike anything we know from our system.

Everything within a planet or a moon is under the influence of gravity in such a way that bits of it would move to the center if they could. Under ideal conditions, it would acquire a spherical shape. For objects made of something other than liquids, it varies at what point they become round. It is generally assumed that they mostly become spheres around 400 kilometers/248 miles in diameter when made from icy material commonly found in our Solar System. Still, if something is made from something more rigid, it needs to be larger in diameter than that - around 750 km/466 miles. At a sufficient mass, even rock becomes fluid-like. The moon of Mars Deimos is only 12.6 km/7.8 miles across and is not spherical, and there are many other small moons of other planets that don’t have a round shape.

This, however, is not all. Astronomical objects spin, giving them the flattened shape of a sphere the faster their rotation if they are massive enough. On top of it, they can have moons. This causes a bulge to form at the position of their orbiting body around them. In the case of Earth, our Moon causes tides via this process. Also, our Sun gives our planet tides. Elsewhere in the Universe, there could be planets with massive moons or two similarly massive planets, called double planets, orbiting their common center of mass, the barycenter, at a close distance, which can cause even stronger bulging. Their shape would be affected this way more visibly.

Finally, a bizarre, toroidal planet, shown above, can be stable from what we know from physics, at least for a while. As I mentioned earlier, even rigid rock behaves like a fluid at large masses. An adequate rotation speed can counterbalance the strength of gravity with centrifugal acceleration, and a torus-shaped planet could exist. A possible scenario for such a world to come to be would be if two sufficiently fast rotating planets collided and formed a doughnut of vaporized rock, a so-called synestia.

We currently think that the events that would lead to the formation of a world of this shape are so unlikely that there might not be a single toroidal planet in the Visible Universe, but we were quite a few times surprised by what we discovered during our exploration of Cosmos. Perhaps we will even find a doughnut shape world one day.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: When should I use Slack versus email versus a phone call?
Response: For quick communication and memes, Slack is a good medium.  For longer form communication, or those that include external parties that are not available on Slack, email is an excellent choice.  Phone calls are useful for instantaneous feedback, fluid dialog, and establishing emotional rapport with the participants.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What kind of plant is the Harrisonia
Response: Harrisonia is a small genus of flowering plants in the subfamily Cneoroideae of the Rutaceae (citrus family). Older taxonomic treatments have placed this genus in the Simaroubaceae.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Given this reference text about the career of Charles Henry Bromedge Caldwell, name the ships he commanded after his promotion to the rank of Commander.
Context: Charles Henry Bromedge Caldwell was born in Hingham, Massachusetts on February 24, 1823. He entered the navy as midshipman February 27, 1838, and became lieutenant September 4, 1852. He commanded the USS Vandalia in the US Navy's second Fiji expedition, an 1859 punitive expedition against Waya Island warriors who had cannibalized two American traders. In 1862, he commanded the gun-boat Itasca, of the western gulf blockading squadron, and took part in the bombardment of Forts Jackson and St. Philip. On the night of April 20, his gun-boat, with the Pinola, was sent on an expedition under the command of Fleet-Capt. Bell, to make a passage for the fleet through the chain obstructions near the forts. Lieut. Caldwell and his party boarded one of the hulks that held the chains, and succeeded in detaching the latter, in spite of the heavy fire to which they were subjected. The Itasca was then swept on shore by the current, in full sight of the forts, and it was half an hour before she was afloat again. She was unable to pass the forts with the rest of the fleet, owing to a shot that penetrated her boiler. Lieut. Caldwell was in the action at Grand Gulf, June 9, 1862, and was promoted to commander on July 16 1862.

He commanded the iron-clad Essex, of the Mississippi squadron in 1862–63, and took part in the operations at Port Hudson, from March to July 1863, in command of the Essex and the mortar flotilla.

He commanded the Glaucus of the North Atlantic blockading squadron from 1863 till 1864, and the R. R. Cuyler, of the same squadron, from 1864 till 1865. He became captain, December 12, 1867, chief of staff of the North Atlantic fleet in 1870, and commodore on June 14, 1874.

He died on November 30, 1877.
Response: Essex
Glaucus
R. R. Cuyler
Category: classification
Instruction: I'm confused as to which of these food staples have gluten and which are gluten-free. From this list can you tell me which is which: Pasta, rice, potatoes, noodles and bread.
Response: Rice and potatoes do not contain gluten, so they are gluten-free. However, pasta, noodles and bread usually contain gluten. 

There are less common varieties of these staples that do not contain gluten, but you will need to check the packaging details to ensure that they are gluten free.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: What is a bloom filter index and when should I use it?
Response: A bloom filter is a concept used to improve the performance of read operations done on specific types of computer files. More specifically, it improves the read performance of filtered read operations which only require a subset of the dataset to be returned based on specific conditions. Bloom filters improve the performance of the reading mechanism by providing "hints" which state that data is definitely not in the file, or that it is probably in the file. This allows the reading mechanism to skip certain files when reading, improving performance.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: From the passage extract the career wards as a bulleted list with year and name.
Context: Prior to his appointment at the University of Minnesota in 1997 he was on the faculty of McGill University in Montreal. He has held postdoctoral or visiting appointments at the University of Chicago, East Carolina University, the University of Otago in New Zealand, and the University of Natal Medical School (now the Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine), the first medical school in South Africa for non-white students.

Elliott received a Guggenheim Fellowship and a National Endowment for the Humanities Public Scholar Award in 2018. He was the Cary and Ann Maguire Chair in Ethics and American History at the John W. Kluge Center at the United States Library of Congress in 2019. He is a Member of the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey, where he led a faculty seminar on bioethics in 2003–2004, and an honorary faculty member of the University of Otago Bioethics Centre in New Zealand. He is a fellow of the Hastings Center, an independent bioethics research institution.
Response: * 2018, Guggenheim Fellowship
* 2018, National Endowment for the Humanities Public Scholar
Category: classification
Instruction: Identify which animal species is alive or extinct: Archelon Turtle, Bornean Orangutan
Response: Archelon Turtle is extinct, Bornean Orangutan is alive.
Category: classification
Instruction: Identify the bird from the list: Pendulum, Bewick's swan, Iceberg
Response: Bewick's swan
Category: open_qa
Instruction: When was scala created?
Response: Scala was created in 2001 by Martin Odersky.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Which TV Show is about a zip code in Beverly Hills?
Response: 90210
Category: summarization
Instruction: Which sports offer championship belts to their winners?
Context: A championship belt is a large, extravagantly designed belt used primarily in combat sports such as boxing, mixed martial arts, and professional wrestling to signify the champions of the promotion or company, much like a cup or trophy in other sports. There are several companies in the business of constructing championship belts.
Response: Championship belts are usually awarded in combat sports, which include boxing, mixed martial arts, and professional wrestling. The belts are used to designate the champions of the promotion or the company.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is slack key guitar?
Response: Slack key guitar is a style of finger-style guitar played in open tuning that originated in 19th century Hawaii. The style was created when Portuguese cowboys brought the guitar to Hawaii. The Hawaiians chose to retune the guitar by slackening some of the strings often to an open G chord. The most popular tuning DGDGBD is called "taro patch". Families often had their own tunings which were held as closely guarded secrets.
Category: classification
Instruction: Which of these counties has only one neighbour, and which have more than one neighbour: Haiti, Russia, South Korea, Germany, Portugal, Ireland, Canada, Brazil, Denmark, Austria, Qatar and France.
Response: The following countries have only one neighbouring country: South Korea, Qatar, Portugal, Ireland, Haiti, Canada, and Denmark. These countries have multiple neighbours:Russia, Brazil, Germany, Austria, and France.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What are some of the most memorable sports moments since the era of live television began?
Response: Live television has brought thrilling moments that are remembered by many millions of sports fans. Nearly every major sport has seen one of the live tv moments. The last pitch of Don Larsen's perfect game in the 1956 World Series was one of the earliest memorable baseball moments on live tv and in pro football "the catch" by 49er Dwight Clark in the 1981 NFC championship game was watched by millions. Michael Jordan's game winning shot in game 6 of the 1998 NBA finals and the Jack Nicklaus putt on the 17th hole of the 1986 Masters are also remembered by many basketball and golf fans. One of the most memorable sports moments may be the final seconds of the 1980 US Olympic hockey team's stunning upset of the Soviet Union with the great comment "Do you believe in miracles?" from broadcaster Al Michaels.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Given this paragraph about video games, when was the Legend of Zelda originally released?
Context: The Legend of Zelda, originally released in Japan as The Hyrule Fantasy: Zelda no Densetsu, is a 1986 action-adventure game developed and published by Nintendo. The first game of The Legend of Zelda series, it is set in the fantasy land of Hyrule and centers on an elf-like boy named Link, who aims to collect the eight fragments of the Triforce of Wisdom in order to rescue Princess Zelda from the antagonist Ganon. During the course of the game, the player controls Link from a top-down perspective and navigates throughout the overworld and dungeons, collecting weapons, defeating enemies and uncovering secrets along the way.
Response: 1986
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Given a reference text about IMDB, tell me how it rates movies.
Context: As one adjunct to data, the IMDb offers a rating scale that allows users to rate films on a scale of one to ten.

IMDb indicates that submitted ratings are filtered and weighted in various ways to produce a weighted mean that is displayed for each film, series, and so on. It states that filters are used to avoid ballot stuffing; the method is not described in detail to avoid attempts to circumvent it. In fact, it sometimes produces an extreme difference between the weighted average and the arithmetic mean.
Response: IMDB allows users to submit their reviews and ratings.  As the most extensive internet movie database and the 54th most visited website across the planet, the scale of reviews and ratings collected for movies is massive.  IMDB uses various mathematical calculations to determine the rating of movies.  Many users decide whether to spend time and money on a film solely on ratings from IMDB.  Because of IMDB's scale and impact, it is now a subsidiary of Amazon.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Name a Christopher Nolan movie that was remade into an Indian movie.
Response: Ghajini movie in Tamil language was the first Indian unofficial remake of Christopher Nolan's Memento.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Who is Rihanna?
Context: Robyn Rihanna Fenty (born February 20, 1988) is a Barbadian singer, actress, and businesswoman. Born in Saint Michael and raised in Bridgetown, Barbados, Rihanna auditioned for American record producer Evan Rogers who invited her to the United States to record demo tapes. After signing with Def Jam in 2005, she soon gained recognition with the release of her first two studio albums, Music of the Sun (2005) and A Girl Like Me (2006), both of which were influenced by Caribbean music and peaked within the top ten of the US Billboard 200 chart.
Response: Rihanna (Robyn Rihanna Fenty) is a singer, actress, and businesswoman from Barbados. After auditioning with American record producer Evan Rogers, she signed to Def Jam in 2005 and gained worldwide recognition with her first two studio albums, "Music of the Sun" and "A Girl Like Me".
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Name five popular large dog breeds
Response: Golden Retrievers, Labrador Retriever, Poodle, Great Dane, and Boxers
Category: classification
Instruction: Which characters belong to DC or Marvel Universe? Namor, Aquaman
Response: Aquaman is DC, Namor is Marvel
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Who was the prophet Muhammad (pbuh)?
Response: Prophet Muhammad was the last messenger of God; who was sent down to preach the oneness of God; to connect mankind to the creator and not worship any creation. He (God) is the only creator, sustainer, and maintainer of every object that exists including the device and code that generated this text.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Which country has the most inhabitants?
Response: #	Country (or dependency)	Population (2020)
1	China	1,439,323,776
2	India	1,380,004,385
3	United States	331,002,651
4	Indonesia	273,523,615
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: Extract all unique names from the provided paragraphs separated by comma.
Context: Neville shows to Det. Delroy a recently shot love scene between Keefe and Elaine, willingly pointing out a spousicide-related detail which compromises the already delicate position of the young widower. In light of this new evidence, Delroy tells the director that he will arrest the young man very soon. Neville telephones Keefe to warn him, telling him to come to his house at a certain time. The director also calls Elaine to his home, where he attempts to recreate the night of Andrea's murder, this time using Elaine. Det. Vickers watches Elaine enter the director's house from the street, but he misses Keefe, who breaks in through a window. He disrupts the liaison by pulling plug fuses out of the breaker box, shutting off the lights. Detective Vickers notices the lights shut off from the street and unsuccessfully tries to break in. In the house, Neville attacks Keefe with a pair of scissors, and the two struggle. Keefe throws Neville over a balcony, and he lands in an indoor fountain below together with a light. Simultaneously, Elaine restores electricity to the house, unknowingly electrocuting Neville to death.
Response: Neville, Delroy, Keefe, Elaine, Andrea, Vickers
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: What are three most commonly sung lyric soprano arias?
Response: Three most commonly sung lyric soprano arias?
- "Quando m'en vo" from La Boheme by Puccini
- "O mio babbino caro" from Gianni Schicchi by Puccini
- "Deh! vieni non tardar" from Le Nozze di Figaro by Mozart
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Give me a list of the best true crime podcast to listen to
Response: Morbid, Crime Junkie, My Favorite Murder, 2020, Dateline
Category: summarization
Instruction: Why was Bacardi 151 discontinued in the US?
Context: Bacardi 151 is a discontinued brand of highly alcoholic rum made by Bacardi Limited of Hamilton, Bermuda. It is named for its alcohol concentration level of 151 U.S. proof, that is, 75.5% alcohol by volume. This is much higher than typical rum, which averages around 35%–40% alcohol by volume. Bacardi 151 was sold in the United States and Canada from at least 1963 until 2016, when its production was discontinued.

Safety and lawsuits
Because of its high alcohol content, Bacardi 151 was particularly flammable among liquors. For this reason it was often used as the ignition source for "flaming shots" and even for at-home pyrotechnic stunts. The bottle carried a warning label advising consumers, among other things, "do not use this product for flaming dishes or other drinks." Bottles were also equipped with a stainless steel flame arrester crimped onto the neck of the bottle to prevent the rum inside the bottle from igniting. Nevertheless, Bacardi faced at least two lawsuits from consumers who claimed to have been badly injured by the product's flames. While the company never issued a formal statement regarding the product's discontinuation, it has been speculated that "it's a pretty good guess that Bacardi got sick of being sued."

Mixed drinks
Bacardi 151 was typically used in sweet drinks, such as the Hurricane and Caribou Lou, which combine rum and fruit juices.
Response: Because of its high alcohol content, Bacardi 151 was particularly flammable among liquors. Bacardi faced at least two lawsuits from consumers who claimed to have been badly injured by the product's flames. It has been speculated that "it's a pretty good guess that Bacardi got sick of being sued."
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is the capital city of Malaysia?
Response: The capital city of Malaysia is Kuala Lumpur.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is the capital of Brazil?
Response: Brasília is the capital of Brazil
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is the capital of Arizona?
Response: Phoenix is the capital
Category: general_qa
Instruction: How should I go about planning an agenda for the upcoming leadership meeting I am hosting?
Response: In order to determine what a good agenda would look like, it's important to first decide what you want to accomplish during your leadership meeting. Common leadership meeting goals are reviewing team performance for the last period, aligning on the priorities and objectives you will focus on for the upcoming year, tackling problems that can best be worked on while you are all in the same room, and building personal and professional relationships through teaming exercises and having common experiences.

Next, you should prioritize which of these goals is most important to you. If you could only accomplish one of them, which would it be? Continue to identify the next most important goal until you have fully prioritized your list of goals.

The next step is to determine how much time you have to dedicate to each topic in order to ensure you can accomplish your goals fully. 

Finally, identify how many breaks you will need to build into your meeting time to ensure team members do not become too mentally taxed. One best practice is to take a 15-30 minute break every 90 minutes, and to take a one hour break every 4 hours.

Once you have identified all of these parameters, you can build your leadership meeting agenda.
Category: classification
Instruction: Which of the following is a type of pasta: lasagna, sushi, or burrito?
Response: Of the things listed, lasagna is pasta, while sushi and burrito are not.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Why do Jewish holidays begin at sunset the night before?
Response: In many modern cultures and calendars, days begin in the morning and end at night.  But what if the opposite were true?   In the opening lines of the Creation story in the book of Genesis, the foundational story for all Abrahamic cultures, we learn that all the world was darkness and void.  (Darkness came first.) And then God said "Let there be light."  (Light came second.)  "And there was evening, and there was morning—the first day." 

This last sentence is critical. The first day consists of evening followed by morning. The Jewish calendar abides by this tradition.  Its days are not morning to morning. Its days are night to night (as marked by sundown).  

As an example, the Jewish sabbath (Shabbat) is on the 7th day of the week. Shabbat = Shevat in Hebrew, which literally translates to the number seven.  The seventh day of the  week is is Saturday. However, Shabbat doesn't span Saturday morning to Sunday morning. It spans Friday night to Saturday night.  Many observant Jews will welcome the Shabbat with a family meal, candles, and prayer on Friday nights.
Category: creative_writing
Instruction: Write an intro to a startup communications company that no longer exists
Response: BB Networking, Inc. is one of today's most exciting next-generation communication 
service providers. BBN enables small and medium-sized businesses to utilize the kind of 
communication solutions that were previously only the domain of larger companies. 
BBN provides local, long distance, and wireless voice services, dedicated 
Internet access, and advanced Internet services, including remote access, virtual private 
networks (VPN), web hosting, video, and high-tech applications through its own network. 
BBN provides not only access to sophisticated communications tools but 
simplicity as well. Customers within BBN's network footprint can simply plug into a 
BBN wall jack and immediately have access to a full range of cutting edge 
communication and Internet services as well as innovative E-business solutions. Formed 
with the partnership of America's premier real estate firms and venture capital firm 
Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers, BBN is leading a revolution by delivering 
comprehensive communications, Internet and E-business solutions to small and medium 
businesses. BBN currently spans several hundred million square feet and 
nearly twenty-five percent of the commercial office space in the United States across its 
real estate owner partnerships.
Broadband needs to develop ordering processes so that it’s operations will be scalable at a 
rapid pace. 
Idea Integration has assisted startup and growing telecommunications providers in the 
Washington, DC, metropolitan area for the last decade. These services have included a 
host of OSS projects including business requirements development, process development, 
new product development, and system implementation within the CLEC OSS 
environment.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: What are the qualities of a good manager?
Response: Qualities that make a good manager could vary. Different managers bring different things to the table in different situations to help the team and company. Here are a few qualities that are generally useful:
1. Hiring: Primary job for a manager is to build a good team which is not possible without hiring the team.
2. Building trust: It's important for a manager to build trust with each individual on their team but also within the team members themselves to create a culture for collaboration
3. Problem solving: Managers must be able to recognize problems and help the team find resolutions either by directly helping them or finding the right help for the team
4. Prioritization: Teams often have more work than they have people and managers play a critical role in prioritizing tasks to ensure the higher impact tasks are done first.
5. Flexibility: Managers must be willing to play different roles as the situation demands it ranging from hands on domain expertise to conflict resolution to culture builder.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: How much more water does a bath use than a shower?
Response: If taking a 5 minute shower, a bath uses 75% more water.
Category: creative_writing
Instruction: Describe a recurring dream you've had.
Response: All my life I've had a recurring dream where I'm being chased. Sometimes it's by zombies, sometimes by the police, sometimes by communists (my grandpa would make me watch Red Dawn over and over as a child). Usually it will start outdoors, and I'll be hiding behind trees, racing across rickety bridges, and leaping ditches. Eventually it always ends up in a large old house with many staircases and closets. Often the hallways will narrow to tiny doors that no human can fit through. In my dream I must navigate the house, hiding from my pursuers. I've always been curious why I have this dream over and over.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Given this paragraph about Pandora, what was the initial group name of Pandora musical group?
Context: Pandora is a female Mexican singing trio. The trio was formed in 1981 under the name Trebol by sisters Isabel Lascurain and Mayte Lascurain and their cousin Fernanda Meade. The trio was renamed "Pandora" upon signing with EMI Records in 1984.
Response: The original name of Pandora musical group was Trebol.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is a birdie in Golf
Response: Each hole in Golf is designated with the number of strokes it would take an expert to make to the hole. If the golfer makes it in the designated strokes it is called a Par. One stroke less than the designated will result in a Birdie. Example , for a Par 4 hole if a Golfer takes 3 strokes to get the ball in the hole , he has a Birdie.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What kind of cancer did Agent Dana Scully get diagnosed with in "The X-Files"?
Response: She developed an inoperable nasopharyngeal tumor.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: What is OEE in manufacturing?
Response: OEE stands for Overall Equipment Effectiveness. OEE is computed by multiplying machine availability, process efficiency and product quality. 

In manufacturing, the OEE metric is used by different teams for a variety of objectives. On the manufacturing shop floor, for instance, OEE is used to identify lagging processes. Business executives on the other hand may use aggregated values to monitor the overall performance of their manufacturing business. In addition, OEE is used as an indicator to evaluate the need to modernize equipment, i.e. to justify CAPEX investments and to monitor the return on invested capital (ROIC). In this instance, OEE is used as the metric for sweating assets.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Who wrote Dr Zhivago
Response: Boris Pasternak
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is an index fund?
Response: An index fund is a basket of individual stocks that is designed to match the performance of specific group of stocks. Index funds allow investors to avoid investing in an individual stock and distribute the investment risk across a broader set of companies.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Is it safe to look at the sun directly?
Response: No, it is not safe to look directly at the sun as it can cause damage to the eyes
Category: summarization
Instruction: What are the Australian men's and women's soccer teams called?
Context: Soccer, also known as football, is the most played outdoor club sport in Australia, and ranked in the top ten for television audience as of 2015. The national governing body of the sport is Football Australia (FA), which until 2019, organised the A-League Men, A-League Women, and still organises the Australia Cup, as well as the men's and women's national teams (known as the Socceroos and the Matildas, respectively). The FA comprises nine state and territory member federations, which oversee the sport within their respective region.
Response: The men's national team is called the Socceroos and the women's national team is called the Matildas.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: here is some text about Andre Weiss, how many years was Andre at University of Dijon in Paris?
Context: Charles André Weiss (September 30, 1858 in Mulhouse - August 31, 1928 in the Hague) was a French jurist. He was professor at the Universities of Dijon and Paris and served from 1922 until his death as judge of the Permanent Court of International Justice.

Life
André Weiss was born in Mulhouse in 1858 and completed a degree in law at the University of Paris in 1880. The following year he became a professor at the University of Dijon. In 1891 he moved to the Law School of the University of Paris. There he was from 1896 to 1908 a full professor of civil law, and from 1908 he held the chair for international law and private international law. From 1907 he also acted as legal advisor to the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs. He was a close associate of Secretary of State Aristide Briand and participated as a delegate to the Paris Peace Conference at the end of World War I. He led one of the subcommissions of the conference.

From 1920, he was a member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration in The Hague. In September 1921, he was elected by the Assembly and the Council of the League of Nations to the post of judge on the newly formed Permanent International Court. His fellow judges elected him vice president at the beginning of the Tribunal's work on February 3, 1922. He was confirmed in this office in 1924 and 1927. He died before the end of his term as Judge and Vice President in August 1928 in the Hague. His compatriot, Henri Fromageot, was elected his successor, and in the office of vice-president he was succeeded by the Swiss Max Huber.

André Weiss taught in 1923 as a lecturer at the Hague Academy of International Law. He was a member of the Institut de Droit International from 1887, acting as president of its 30th session in 1922 in Grenoble. From 1914 he was a member of the Académie des sciences morales et politiques.
Response: Andre Weiss was at the University of Dijon in Paris for 10 years, 1881 to 1891, before moving to the University of Paris Law School.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Given the biography of Nemacolin, what years did George Washington use Nemacolin's Path?
Context: The son of Checochinican (Chickoconecon), chief of the Fish Clan of the Turtle tribe, Nemacolin was born near the Brandywine Creek, probably close to the Swedish trading post at Fort Christina that later became Wilmington, Delaware. By a treaty with William Penn in 1726, various tribes either rented or gave up their land on both sides of Brandywine Creek. Nemacolin likely grew up near Shamokin, Pennsylvania, a village near the Susquehanna River to which the Delaware had retreated when faced with disease and colonization of their traditional lands by white settlers. His family grew to know trader Thomas Cresap, and moved south and west with the Cresap family, likely after a controversy between groups of settlers aligned with the colonies of Maryland and Pennsylvania known as Cresap's War.

Circa 1750, Cresap received instructions to improve the Native American path across the Appalachian Mountains through the Cumberland Narrows. He hired Nemacolin and his two sons, among others, to complete the task between Will's Creek (a trading post on a tributary of the Potomac River later the site of Fort Cumberland) and the mouth of Redstone Creek on the Monongahela River (a tributary of the Ohio River) which later became Redstone Old Fort and even later Brownsville, Pennsylvania. A side trail led to the residence of Christopher Gist. Gist led George Washington along Nemacolin's Path in 1753 and 1754. It was later improved to permit supply wagons for General Edward Braddock's army, and the General ultimately died on the route in 1755 after the disastrous Battle of the Monongahela near present day Pittsburgh. About 1759, as the war ended, Nemocolin reblazed the path to the residence of James Burd which became Fort Burd and later renamed Redstone Old Fort. Another branch went to Uniontown, Pennsylvania.
Response: George Washington was led by Christopher Gist along Nemacolin's Path in 1753 and 1754
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Given this reference about the Battle of Okinawa during WW2, what was the difference in between the US (77th Infantry Division) and the Japanese casualties and wounded?
Context: The land battle took place over about 81 days beginning on 1 April 1945. The first Americans ashore were soldiers of the 77th Infantry Division who landed in the Kerama Islands, 15 mi (24 km) west of Okinawa on 26 March. Subsidiary landings followed, and the Kerama group was secured over the next five days. In these preliminary operations, the 77th Infantry Division suffered 27 dead and 81 wounded, while the Japanese dead and captured numbered over 650. The operation provided a protected anchorage for the fleet and eliminated the threat from suicide boats.
Response: The difference was about 542
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is it like to have children and how many should I have?
Response: Having children is an amazing experience.  You never know love like the love of a child.  Having children brings families closer together because they are playful, loving, innocent, and silly at times as they learn to navigate this world.  Children make us laugh, smile, love, learn patience and understanding, teach us thoughtful communication, and even how to be children again.  They also do certain things and actions that can bring back deep seeded memories of when we were kids and then we can relive those experiences together.  I cannot answer how many children you should have but definitely give it some thought because it might bring you happiness too.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is the best-selling book of all time?
Response: According to Guinness World Records as of 1995, the Bible is the best-selling book of all time with an estimated 5 billion copies sold and distributed.
Category: classification
Instruction: Identify which animal is domesticated or wild: Llama, House cricket
Response: House cricket is wild, Llama is domesticated
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What form of government is the United Kingdom?
Response: The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is the capital of Colorado?
Response: Denver is the capital
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: What are some words that rhyme with orange
Response: Sporange
Storage
Courage
Warrant
Abhorrent 
Forage
Porridge
Category: classification
Instruction: Select the odd word from this list and explain why you chose it.
Cow
Horse
Tiger
Chicken
Pig
Response: Tiger is the odd word out. All words on the list except Tiger are examples of farmyard animals.
Category: classification
Instruction: Which of the following numbers are used in numbered golf irons: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
Response: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Why are kids inquisitive?
Response: As kids grow and have a sense of the world around them, they tend to be eager to understand the meaning of everything and events. In most cases, their primary source of information is the adults around them, usually their mom and data, hence they ask 'why' on a lot of things and events. This not only develops their intellectual skills, but also their social skills. It is worth mentioning that there could be several developmental and/or cognitive factors that affect this trait in some kids.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: What was unique about Scrubs?
Context: Scrubs focuses on the unique point of view of its main character and narrator, Dr. John Michael "J.D." Dorian (Zach Braff) for the first eight seasons, with season nine being narrated by the new main character Lucy Bennett (Kerry Bishé). Most episodes feature multiple story lines thematically linked by voice-overs done by Braff, as well as the comical daydreams of J.D. According to Bill Lawrence, "What we decided was, rather than have it be a monotone narration, if it's going to be Zach's voice, we're going to do everything through J.D.'s eyes. It opened up a visual medium that those of us as comedy writers were not used to." Actors were given the chance to improvise their lines on set with encouragement by series creator Bill Lawrence, with Neil Flynn and Zach Braff being the main improvisors.
Response: Most episodes featured voice-overs done by Zach Braff (who stars as the main character, J.D.), as well as the comical daydreams of J.D. This opened up a unique visual medium that the comedy writers were not used to. Also, actors were given the chance to improvise their lines on set.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Give me a list of the five best ways to take care of your houseplants.
Response: 1. Get on a watering schedule so you can make sure you are not over-watering or under-watering the plants. 
2. Choose plants that will do well in the lighting conditions that you have available in your home. Place plants that like bright, direct light in front of windows, and choose plants that require less light for the darker areas of your home. 
3. Consider getting a humidifier if you are going to decorate your home with tropical plants. Certain tropical plants tend like to a more humid environment. 
4. If you don't have sufficiently bright natural light, consider getting grow lights to help your plants thrive. 
5. Periodically fertilize your plants to make sure they have all of the nutrients that they need to continue growing.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: When did Phil Knight announce he would step down as chairman of Nike
Context: Throughout the 1980s, Nike expanded its product line to encompass many sports and regions throughout the world. In 1990, Nike moved into its eight-building World Headquarters campus in Beaverton, Oregon. The first Nike retail store, dubbed Niketown, opened in downtown Portland in November of that year.  Phil Knight announced in mid-2015 that he would step down as chairman of Nike in 2016. He officially stepped down from all duties with the company on June 30, 2016.  In a company public announcement on March 15, 2018, Nike CEO Mark Parker said Trevor Edwards, a top Nike executive who was seen as a potential successor to the chief executive, was relinquishing his position as Nike's brand president and would retire in August.
Response: Phil Knight announced he would step down in 2015 as chairman and offically stepped down in 2016
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: What are some different types of desserts?
Response: Some different types of desserts are: cupcakes, cookies, cake, chocolate fondue, pudding, and lemon tart.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Give me a list of best movie review websites.
Response: Here are the list of some popular movie review websites.
1. Guardian
2. Rotten Tomatoes
3. Yahoo Movies
4. IMDB
5. Meta Critic
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What are the words of House Swygert?
Response: "Truth Conquers"
Category: summarization
Instruction: In relation to working out, what is a bench press, and how do you perform it?
Context: The bench press, or chest press, is a weight training exercise where the trainee presses a weight upwards while lying on a weight training bench. Although the bench press is a full-body exercise, the muscles primarily used are the pectoralis major, the anterior deltoids, and the triceps, among other stabilizing muscles. A barbell is generally used to hold the weight, but a pair of dumbbells can also be used
Response: The bench press is a weight training exercise targeting the chest and triceps. The trainee begins by lying down on a flat bench with a straight barbell directly on top of them. The trainee lifts the bar to extend directly above the head, and then slowly descends the bar until it touches their chest. The bar is then pressed upward until the arms are once again fully extended.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is Barkers Butts RFC?
Response: Barkers Butts RFC (Rugby Football Club) is a rugby union club in the north west of Coventry, England. It is over 75 years old and operates four senior teams including a ladies team, a Colts team, a full range of boy and girls teams from Under 6s to Under 16s. The first XV currently play in Midlands 2 West (South), a seventh tier league in the English rugby union system. 

When the league system was established in 1987, Barkers Butts was placed in the fifth tier, playing in Midlands 1 and were runners up in the first season (1987-88). They finished in second place twice more (1990–91 and 1992–93) but were relegated from tier 5, then called Courage League Division 5, after the 1994-95 season. Subsequently, they have alternated between the sixth and seventh levels.

Barkers Butts has produced several notable international players including one World Cup winner in Neil Back. Other recent mens' internationals include Tom Wood and Jim Hamilton. Barkers currently have two players in the England Women U20s squad.
Category: classification
Instruction: From the following list, categorize the what country these dishes originate from: Tamales, Butter Chicken, Mac and Cheese, Pizza, Pozole, Nicoise Salad, Ramen, Trifle, Empanadas, Ceviche, Feijoda, Burrito, Jollaf Rice, Tagine, Couscous
Response: Mexico, India, United States, Italy, Mexico, France, Japan, England, Spain, Peru, Brazil, United States, Nigeria, Morocco, Algeria
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What do you think is the best Kanye album of all time?
Response: The best Kanye album of all time is a topic of extremely heated debate with many warring factions continuously in flux. 

The traditional school of thought places My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy at the #1 spot due to its redemption arc origins with Kanye composing it in Hawaii following his famous meltdown at the Grammys where he interrupted long time frenemy Taylor Swift during her acceptance speech to call out Beyonce as being robbed of the Best Music Video award.

There are however strong arguments for Kanye's original trilogy of releases from the start of his career with The College Dropout, Late Registration, and Graduation. Graduation being his first stadium album that really skyrocketed Kanye into the mainstream resulting in sold out tours and solidifying pop culture relevance. The fundamentalists fight for The College Dropout as it is a reflection of a simpler time and arguably his most honest and well produced album to date. The construction of this album was the subject of the Netflix 2022 documentary Jeen-yus.

At the end of the day, there is no right or wrong answer. Every person has a Kanye album that is their GOAT as it were. One cannot answer this question objectively. Such is life and the question itself reflects that journey so beautifully. Kanye albums are things you feel deep within your heart and resonate with you for a lifetime.
Category: summarization
Instruction: Please let me know the details of 1MDB saga and scandal.
Context: The 1Malaysia Development Berhad scandal, often referred to as the 1MDB scandal or just 1MDB, describes a corruption, bribery and money laundering conspiracy in which the Malaysian sovereign wealth fund 1Malaysia Development Berhad (1MDB) was systematically embezzled, with assets diverted globally by the perpetrators of the scheme. It had a global scope, implicated institutions and individuals in politics, banking, and entertainment, and sparked criminal investigations across a number of nations. The 1MDB scandal has been described as "one of the world's greatest financial scandals" and declared by the United States Department of Justice as the "largest kleptocracy case to date" in 2016.
Response: Originally 1MDB stands for of 1Malaysia Development Berhad was a Malaysian state fund, set up in 2009 to promote development through foreign investment and partnerships. The then prime minister, Najib Razak, was its chairman.

The fund has since been at the heart of one of the biggest corruption scandals in the world. The US justice department believes more than $4.5bn was stolen by Jho Low and the resulting scandal has been responsible for the toppling of a government this year and the arrest of Najib, his wife, Rosmah Mansor, and a growing number of close associates.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Give me a list of the last ten Grammy Award for Best New Artist winners.
Response: Samara Joy, Olivia Rodrigo, Megan Thee Stallion, Billie Eilish, Dua Lipa, Alessia Cara, Chance the Rapper, Meghan Trainor, Sam Smith,  Macklemore & Ryan Lewis
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Who was the King of Swing
Response: Benny Goodman
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: What articles of clothes are often worn by people in summer months?
Response: In summer, when the weather is warmer, it is typical for people to wear shorts or skirts, light shirts, and sandals. People can also wear swimming suits with cover ups if they are somewhere where swimming is likely, such as a beach, pool, or water park.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Which of these animals is not a bear: brown bear, black bear, polar bear, koala bear, panda bear.
Response: The answer is koala bear. Despite the name, the “koala bear” is actually a marsupial, not a bear.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Is skiing or snowboarding easier?
Response: The answer to this question depends on the individual. Some people find skiing easier, while others find snowboarding easier. Generally, most people have an easier time picking up skiing because the stance on skis is straightforward, similar to walking. On a snowboard, people must stand sideways (like how you'd stand on a skateboard or surfboard). This sideways stance can be more challenging for people to adjust to, and many people report falling on their wrists a lot while learning. Once a person has learned to competently ski or snowboard, it is a matter of personal preference as to what they like to do best.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: What is Sauvignon blanc?
Context: Sauvignon blanc is a green-skinned grape variety that originates from the city of Bordeaux in France. The grape most likely gets its name from the French words sauvage ("wild") and blanc ("white") due to its early origins as an indigenous grape in South West France. It is possibly a descendant of Savagnin. Sauvignon blanc is planted in many of the world's wine regions, producing a crisp, dry, and refreshing white varietal wine. The grape is also a component of the famous dessert wines from Sauternes and Barsac. Sauvignon blanc is widely cultivated in France, Chile, Romania, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Bulgaria, the states of Oregon, Washington, and California in the US. Some New World Sauvignon blancs, particularly from California, may also be called "Fumé Blanc", a marketing term coined by Robert Mondavi in reference to Pouilly-Fumé.

Depending on the climate, the flavor can range from aggressively grassy to sweetly tropical. In cooler climates, the grape has a tendency to produce wines with noticeable acidity and "green flavors" of grass, green bell peppers and nettles with some tropical fruit (such as passion fruit) and floral (such as elderflower) notes. In warmer climates, it can develop more tropical fruit notes but risks losing much aroma from over-ripeness, leaving only slight grapefruit and tree fruit (such as peach) notes.
Response: Sauvignon blanc is a green-skinned grape variety that originates from the city of Bordeaux in France.  Sauvignon blanc is planted in many of the world's wine regions, producing a crisp, dry, and refreshing white varietal wine.
Category: classification
Instruction: Identify which of the following are episodes from Season 4 or Season 5 of The X-Files: Schizogeny, Chinga, The Post-Modern Prometheus, Mind's Eye, All Souls, Herrenvolk, Unruhe, Teliko, Home, Tunguska
Response: Season 4: Herrenvolk, Unruhe, Teliko, Home, Tunguska
Season 5: Schizogeny, Chinga, The Post-Modern Prometheus, Mind's Eye, All Souls
Category: creative_writing
Instruction: Why Bali is a perfect destination for a family holiday?
Response: Bali is a province in Indonesia. It is also called the Island of Paradise. Balinese culture was strongly influenced by Indian, Chinese, and particularly Hindu culture. There are many beautiful hotels & resorts, places of interest, and amazing selections of F&B outlets in Bali. It is a perfect destination for a family holiday because there are many activities that cater to all ages e.g. sightseeing for family, sea sports activities for young adults, romantic restaurants for couples, and kids clubs for the young ones. On top of that, Balinese people are very kind, sincere, and friendly.