fedml/databricks-dolly-15k-niid huggingface dataset:
Category: general_qa
Instruction: What are the steps I should take to become a data engineer for absolute beginner?
Response: 1. Learn about Database systems and how data is store. (Get to know some history too of early Database Management Systems (DBMS))

2. Learn SQL. 

3. Learn tuning and how to write efficient queries

4. Learn Python.

5. Learn a distributed data processing framework like Spark.

6. Do some personal projects.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: The final of Duleep Trophy was held in
Response: SNR College, Coimbatore, India
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: What are the different types of stances in tennis?
Context: Stance refers to the way a player prepares themselves in order to best be able to return a shot. Essentially, it enables them to move quickly in order to achieve a particular stroke. There are four main stances in modern tennis: open, semi-open, closed, and neutral. All four stances involve the player crouching in some manner: as well as being a more efficient striking posture, it allows them to isometrically preload their muscles in order to play the stroke more dynamically. What stance is selected is strongly influenced by shot selection. A player may quickly alter their stance depending on the circumstances and the type of shot they intend to play. Any given stance also alters dramatically based upon the actual playing of the shot with dynamic movements and shifts of body weight occurring.
Response: There are four main stances in tennis. These are; open, semi-open, closed and neutral. While open stance is the most common stance, closed stance is least common one.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Based on the reference text about Bitcoin, how many countries have banned Bitcoin?
Context: Bitcoin (abbreviation: BTC or XBT; sign: ₿) is a protocol which implements a highly available, public, permanent, and decentralized ledger. In order to add to the ledger, a user must prove they control an entry in the ledger. The protocol specifies that the entry indicates an amount of a token, bitcoin with a minuscule b. The user can update the ledger, assigning some of their bitcoin to another entry in the ledger. Because the token has characteristics of money, it can be thought of as a digital currency.

Bitcoin transactions are verified by network nodes through cryptography and recorded in a public distributed ledger called a blockchain. The cryptocurrency was invented in 2008 by an unknown person or group of people using the name Satoshi Nakamoto. The currency began use in 2009, when its implementation was released as open-source software.: ch. 1  The word "bitcoin" was defined in a white paper published on October 31, 2008. It is a compound of the words bit and coin.

The Library of Congress reports that, as of November 2021, nine countries have fully banned bitcoin use, while a further forty-two have implicitly banned it. A few governments have used bitcoin in some capacity. El Salvador has adopted Bitcoin as legal tender, although use by merchants remains low. Ukraine has accepted cryptocurrency donations to fund the resistance to the 2022 Russian invasion. Iran has used bitcoin to bypass sanctions.
Response: As of November 2021, 42 countries have implicitly banned and 9 countries have fully banned the use of Bitcoin.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: What is veganism?
Response: Veganism is a lifestyle that abstains from using animal products and other commodities derived from animals. The Vegan Society defines veganism as "a philosophy and way of living which seeks to exclude—as far as is possible and practicable—all forms of exploitation of, and cruelty to, animals for food, clothing or any other purpose." This means that vegans may still use animal products for critical purposes, such as required medicine and vaccines. 

Veganism differentiates from the term "plant-based," which typically is used to describe someone who follows a vegan lifestyle only in the form of diet.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: How is the white color created?
Response: The color white is created when all colors in the visible spectrum are combined in equal amounts. This can be seen in a prism or a rainbow, where sunlight is separated into its component colors. When all these colors are combined, the result is white light.

In terms of pigments, white can be created by using a substance that reflects all colors and absorbs none. This means that when white light hits the surface of the object, it is reflected back to the viewer as white. Titanium dioxide is a common pigment used in white paint, for example, because it is highly reflective and opaque.

In the digital world, white is often created by using RGB color values of 255, 255, 255, which means that all three primary colors (red, green, and blue) are at their maximum intensity. This creates a pure white color on electronic displays.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Given this paragraph, what are the two Kingdoms that used Bangkok as their capital city.
Context: The history of Bangkok dates at least back to the early 15th century, to when it was a village on the west bank of the Chao Phraya River, under the rule of Ayutthaya. Because of its strategic location near the mouth of the river, the town gradually increased in importance. Bangkok initially served as a customs outpost with forts on both sides of the river, and was the site of a siege in 1688 in which the French were expelled from Siam. After the fall of Ayutthaya to the Burmese in 1767, the newly crowned King Taksin established his capital at the town, which became the base of the Thonburi Kingdom. In 1782, King Phutthayotfa Chulalok (Rama I) succeeded Taksin, moved the capital to the eastern bank's Rattanakosin Island, thus founding the Rattanakosin Kingdom. The City Pillar was erected on 21 April 1782, which is regarded as the date of foundation of Bangkok as the capital.
Response: Thonburi Kingdom and Rattanakosin Kingdom are the two Kingdoms that used Bangkok as their capital city. Thonburi Kingdom used the western bank of Bangkok as its capital city. While Rattanakosin Kingdom used Bangkok's eastern bank as its capital city,.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: What is a 4x4?
Response: A 4x4 is a type of vehicle with four wheel drive. It is also know as a SUV, a sports utility vehicle. They are typically higher off the ground than standard cars, with more room inside the cabin. 4x4s typically are heavier with poorer handling, but have the capacity to drive off-road and cope with poor weather conditions much better.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: Extract a list of notable dates and events in the mentioned text in the format, choosing the earliest year when the text provides a range of dates, and place them in a bullet list: {Year} - {Event}
Context: The first two centuries of the Roman Empire saw a period of unprecedented stability and prosperity known as the Pax Romana (lit. 'Roman Peace'). Rome reached its greatest territorial expanse during the reign of Trajan (AD 98–117); a period of increasing trouble and decline began with the reign of Commodus (177–192). In the 3rd century, the Empire underwent a crisis that threatened its existence, as the Gallic and Palmyrene Empires broke away from the Roman state, and a series of short-lived emperors, often from the legions, led the Empire. It was reunified under Aurelian (r. 270–275). To stabilize it, Diocletian set up two different imperial courts in the Greek East and Latin West in 286; Christians rose to positions of power in the 4th century following the Edict of Milan of 313. Shortly after, the Migration Period, involving large invasions by Germanic peoples and by the Huns of Attila, led to the decline of the Western Roman Empire. With the fall of Ravenna to the Germanic Herulians and the deposition of Romulus Augustus in AD 476 by Odoacer, the Western Roman Empire finally collapsed; the Eastern Roman emperor Zeno formally abolished it in AD 480. The Eastern Roman Empire survived for another millennium, until Constantinople fell in 1453 to the Ottoman Turks under Mehmed II.
Response: * 98 - Rome reached it's greatest territorial expanse during the reign of Trajan
* 177 - Increasing trouble and decline began with the rain of Commodus
* 270 - Rome reunified under Aurelian after Gallic and Palmyrene Empires broke away
* 286 - Two imperial courts setup by Diocletian in the Greek East and Latin West
* 313 - Edict of Milan led to Christians rising to positions of power
* 476 - Deposition of Romulus Augustus by Odoacer following the fall of Ravenena to the Germanic Herulians
* 480 - Eastern Roman emperor Zeno formally abolished the Western Roman Empire
* 1453 - Eastern Roman Empire fell to the Ottoman Turks
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Give me a list of things to do when travelling by plane
Response: 1. Eat little
2. stay hydrated with plenty of water
3. Take a travel pillow for your neck
4 Take an eye mask to wear for sleep
5. Ask to upgrade if in coach
6. Be prepared to not be comfortable
Category: open_qa
Instruction: How many times have the Vancouver Canucks won the Stanley cup?
Response: The Vancouver Canucks have won the Stanley cup 0 times. They have appeared in the finals and lost 3 times in 1982, 1994, and 2011.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Why do people like Electronic Dance Music?
Response: Electronic Dance Music also known as EDM has been a popular genre of music the past two decades and especially starting the 2000's. This genre of music has been particularly popular among people of younger ages, especially between ages of 15 and 35. The fast beats and dramatic drops make this genre of music great for workouts, outdoor concerts and create a feeling of euphoria among many listeners.
Category: summarization
Instruction: The story opens in Los Angeles in the 21st century, an unspecified number of years after a worldwide economic collapse. Los Angeles is no longer part of the United States since the federal government has ceded most of its power and territory to private organizations and entrepreneurs. Franchising, individual sovereignty, and private vehicles reign supreme. Mercenary armies compete for national defense contracts, while private security guards preserve the peace in sovereign gated housing developments.: 45  Highway companies compete to attract drivers to their roads,: 7  and all mail delivery is by hired courier.: 306  The remnants of government maintain authority only in isolated compounds, where they do tedious make-work that is, by and large, irrelevant to the society around them.: 176  Much of the world's territory has been carved up into sovereign enclaves known as Franchise-Organized Quasi-National Entities (FOQNEs),: 14  each run by its own big business franchise (such as "Mr. Lee's Greater Hong Kong", or the corporatized American Mafia), or various residential burbclaves (quasi-sovereign gated communities). In this future, American institutions are far different from those in the actual United States at the time the book was published; for example, a for-profit organization, the CIC, has evolved from the CIA's merger with the Library of Congress.: 22
Context: What is the setting of Snow Crash?
Response: Snow Crash is set in the Los Angeles of the future in which the government has collapsed and been replaced by corporations, mercenary armies, and a new type of organization, the Franchise-Organized Quasi-National Entity. Examples of the latter include Mr. Lee's Greater Hong Kong and the corporatized American Mafia. Government functions like road building, policing, and mail delivery have been taken over by corporations.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: Extract the name and year of release from all albums released by the band Radiohead. List in the format {name} - {year} in a semicolon list.
Context: Radiohead are an English rock band formed in Abingdon, Oxfordshire, in 1985. The band consists of Thom Yorke (vocals, guitar, piano, keyboards); brothers Jonny Greenwood (lead guitar, keyboards, other instruments) and Colin Greenwood (bass); Ed O'Brien (guitar, backing vocals); and Philip Selway (drums, percussion). They have worked with the producer Nigel Godrich and the cover artist Stanley Donwood since 1994. Radiohead's experimental approach is credited with advancing the sound of alternative rock.

Radiohead signed to EMI in 1991 and released their debut album, Pablo Honey, in 1993. Their debut single, "Creep", became a worldwide hit. Radiohead's popularity and critical standing rose with the release of The Bends in 1995. Radiohead's third album, OK Computer (1997), brought them international fame; noted for its complex production and themes of modern alienation, it is acclaimed as a landmark record and one of the best albums in popular music.

Radiohead's fourth album, Kid A (2000), marked a dramatic change in style, incorporating influences from electronic music, jazz, classical music and krautrock. Though Kid A divided listeners, it was later named the best album of the decade by multiple outlets. It was followed by Amnesiac (2001), recorded in the same sessions. Hail to the Thief (2003), with lyrics addressing the War on Terror, blended the band's rock and electronic sides, and was Radiohead's final album for EMI.

Radiohead self-released their seventh album, In Rainbows (2007), as a download for which customers could set their own price, to critical and chart success. Their eighth album, The King of Limbs (2011), an exploration of rhythm, was developed using extensive looping and sampling. A Moon Shaped Pool (2016) prominently featured Jonny Greenwood's orchestral arrangements. Yorke, Jonny Greenwood, Selway, and O'Brien have released solo albums; in 2021, Yorke and Jonny Greenwood debuted a new band, the Smile.

By 2011, Radiohead had sold more than 30 million albums worldwide. Their awards include six Grammy Awards and four Ivor Novello Awards, and they hold five Mercury Prize nominations, the most of any act. Seven Radiohead singles have reached the top 10 on the UK Singles Chart: "Creep" (1992), "Street Spirit (Fade Out)" (1996), "Paranoid Android" (1997), "Karma Police" (1997), "No Surprises" (1998), "Pyramid Song" (2001), and "There There" (2003). "Creep" and "Nude" (2008) reached the top 40 on the US Billboard Hot 100. Rolling Stone named Radiohead one of the 100 greatest artists of all time, and Rolling Stone readers voted them the second-best artist of the 2000s. Five Radiohead albums have been included in Rolling Stone's 500 Greatest Albums of All Time lists. Radiohead were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2019.
Response: Pablo Honey  - 1993; The Bends - 1995; OK Computer - 1997; Kid A - 2000; Amnesiac - 2001; Hail to the Thief - 2003; In Rainbows - 2007; The King of Limbs - 2011; A Moon Shaped Pool - 2016
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: What is the best way to improve your tennis skills?
Response: There are many ways that you can improve your tennis skills. The most important point is to practice as tennis requires eyes and muscle coordination. Like many other activities, it requires dedications and practice to improve your skills.

One way to practice is to use a tennis wall. In your tennis club or in some parks, find a wall and use that wall as opponent. This way you can focus on hitting the ball consistently and improve your style.

While practicing with a wall is convenient, you will need to play with different people to improve your skills and respond different balls. There are many clubs that organize tournaments which can be a great opportunity to play with other tennis players.

The most important thing is enjoy your time while playing tennis and keeping to practice consistently.
Category: summarization
Instruction: Tell me a few flaws of the Human Development Index from this passage
Context: The Human Development Index (HDI) is a statistic composite index of life expectancy, education (mean years of schooling completed and expected years of schooling upon entering the education system), and per capita income indicators, which is used to rank countries into four tiers of human development. A country scores a higher level of HDI when the lifespan is higher, the education level is higher, and the gross national income GNI (PPP) per capita is higher. It was developed by Pakistani economist Mahbub ul Haq and was further used to measure a country's development by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)'s Human Development Report Office.

The 2010 Human Development Report introduced an Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI). While the simple HDI remains useful, it stated that "the IHDI is the actual level of human development (accounting for inequality), while the HDI can be viewed as an index of 'potential' human development (or the maximum level of HDI) that could be achieved if there were no inequality."

The index is based on the human development approach, developed by Mahbub ul Haq, anchored in Amartya Sen's work on human capabilities, and often framed in terms of whether people are able to "be" and "do" desirable things in life. Examples include – being: well fed, sheltered, and healthy; doing: work, education, voting, participating in community life. The freedom of choice is central – someone choosing to be hungry (e.g. when fasting for religious reasons) is quite different from someone who is hungry because they cannot afford to buy food, or because the country is in a famine.

The index does not take into account several factors, such as the net wealth per capita or the relative quality of goods in a country. This situation tends to lower the ranking of some of the most developed countries, such as the G7 members and others.
Response: Human Development Index has been revised in 2010 owing to a few limitations. HDI is believed to estimate the 'potential' human development that could be achieved if there were no inequality. The revised Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI) is the actual level of human development (accounting for inequality). Secondly, HDI does not take into account several factors, such as the net wealth per capita or the relative quality of goods in a country. This situation tends to lower the ranking of some of the most developed countries, such as the G7 members and others.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What do the letters MG stand for on cars
Response: Morris Garages
Category: classification
Instruction: Classify the below numbers into odd or even.
1, 4, 5, 333, 67, 88, 100
Response: Odd - 1, 5, 333, 67
Even - 4, 88, 100
Category: summarization
Instruction: From given text, Please jot down some points about Richard D. Young
Context: He was the Democratic leader of the state senate from 1996 to 2008, but he stepped down to explore a run for Governor of Indiana. From 2008 to 2014 Young served as the Minority Leader Pro Tempore. Young is also a co-founder and member of the Rural Caucus. Young served as the Ranking Democrat on the Agriculture and Natural Resources and Local Government committees.
Response: 1. From 1996 to 2008, Richard D. Young served as the Democratic leader of the state senate, but he resigned to consider running for governor of Indiana.
2. Young served as the Minority Leader Pro Tempore from 2008 until 2014.
3. Young joined the Rural Caucus as a member and co-founder.
4. Young served as the top Democrat on the committees for local government and agriculture and natural resources.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: what is the best song produced by the band Rush
Response: Red Barchetta
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What are the best types of pets for a family with kids?
Response: The most common family pets are dogs and cats. They are great with kids and very social by nature, they love interacting with their owners and easy to take care for. There are records of dogs being domesticated around 20,000 years ago while cats showing up around 10,000 years ago.  Even though those are the two most common family pets, you will find many families have other animal classes like birds, reptiles, rodents, among other more exotic variations.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: In the comic book series Calvin and Hobbes, who are Calvin and Hobbes named after?
Response: Author Bill Watterson named Calvin after French theologian John Calvin and Hobbes after English philosopher Thomas Hobbes.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What percentage of the world is left-handed?
Response: It's estimated about ten percent of the global populated are left-hand dominant.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: What activities can I use to entertain my ten year nephew this weekend?
Response: If the weather is good, take your nephew to the beach or pool where you can swim. You can bring lunch with you and have a nice picnic. If the weather is bad, consider an indoor activity like going to a museum. Another bad weather option is playing fun board games at home.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: What is ice hockey?
Context: Ice hockey (or simply hockey) is a team sport played on ice skates, usually on an ice skating rink with lines and markings specific to the sport. It belongs to a family of sports called hockey. In ice hockey, two opposing teams use ice hockey sticks to control, advance, and shoot a closed, vulcanized, rubber disc called a "puck" into the other team's goal. Each goal is worth one point. The team which scores the most goals is declared the winner. In a formal game, each team has six skaters on the ice at a time, barring any penalties, one of whom is the goaltender. Ice hockey is a full contact sport, and is considered to be one of the more physically demanding sports.
Response: Ice hockey is a sport played on ice skates and each player has a hockey stick that they use to advance, pass, and shoot a puck attempting to score goals. In an ice hockey game, two teams play against each other and the team that scores the most goals win.
Category: classification
Instruction: Classify each of the following animals as exoskeleton or endoskeleton: grasshopper, fish, spider, scorpion, ant, monkey
Response: Grasshopper: Exoskeleton
Fish: Endoskeleton
Spider: Exoskeleton
Scorpion: Exoskeleton
Ant: Exoskeleton
Monkey: Endoskeleton
Category: open_qa
Instruction: How are rocks formed?
Response: Rocks are formed from molten rock from volcanos.  When the lava cools new earth is formed after it solidifies.  Sediment rocks are forms when particles in the air settle because of rain, or when minerals from water gather and cause mineral scale.  You also get rocks when layers of earth (e.g. dirt) build on top of each other and compress the layers beneath it for millions of years.
Category: classification
Instruction: Which of the following songs are by the Grateful Dead and which are by The Beatles: Don't Let Me Down, Sugar Magnolia, Hey Jude, Bertha, Throwing Stones, Let It Be, Truckin', Friend of the Devil, Uncle John's Band, and Here Comes the Sun.
Response: The Grateful Dead songs on this list are Sugar Magnolia, Throwing Stones, Truckin', Friend of the Devil, and Uncle John's Band. The Beatles songs on this list are Don't Let Me Down, Hey Jude, Let It Be, and Here Comes the Sun.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Who are some important people in U.S. history that everyone should know about?
Response: Here are some important people in U.S. history:
* John Brown, an abolitionist who led a failed slave revolt in what is now West Virginia, and was executed for doing so.
* Henry George, who popularized the concepts of land value taxation (LVT) and universal basic income (UBI). His most famous work is a book called Progress and Poverty.
* Thurgood Marshall, who was a justice of the Supreme Court. Prior to his appointment, he successfully argued against segregation in education in the case Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka.
* Bayard Rustin, a civil rights activist.
* Scott Wiener, a state senator in California who has authored legislation that makes it easier to build housing.
* Stanley Chang, a state senator in Hawaii who has similarly been vocally supportive of increasing the supply of housing.
* Ilhan Omar, a member of the U.S. House of Representatives.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: List the prior presidents of Boston College
Response: Monan, Leahy, Fulton, Gasson, Lyons, Devlin
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Do George Lucas and Steven Spielberg know each other?
Response: Yes, George Lucas and Steven Spielberg are long-time friends, dating back to their first meeting in 1967. They have collaborated and supported each other on a number of films and celebrated each others success in the field of filmmaking.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: What is the best northeast mountain for skiing?
Response: Hunter mountain has the most diversity in trails and is an easy trip from New York.
Category: classification
Instruction: Classify each of the following as mainstream media or social media: Twitter, Reddit, CNN, MSNBC, Instagram, Fox News
Response: Twitter: Social Media
Reddit: Social Media
CNN: Mainstream Media
MSNBC: Mainstream Media
Instagram: Social Media
Fox News: Mainstream Media
Category: classification
Instruction: Which of these are characters in Ted Lasso: Rebecca Welton, Olivia Benson, Jamie Tartt
Response: Rebecca Welton and Jamie Tartt are both characters in the TV show Ted Lasso.  Olivia Benson is the main character on the TV Show Law & Order: SVU.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What has more caffeine between Coffee and Tea
Response: While many teas do have caffeine like Green and Black, Coffee has about twice as much caffeine content.
Category: summarization
Instruction: Tell me about the Mughal Empire?
Context: The Mughal Empire was an early-modern empire that controlled much of the Indian subcontinent between the 16th and 19th centuries. For some two hundred years, the empire stretched from the outer fringes of the Indus river basin in the west, northern Afghanistan in the northwest, and Kashmir in the north, to the highlands of present-day Assam and Bangladesh in the east, and the uplands of the Deccan Plateau in South India.It included present day areas of India, Pakistan, Afghanistan and Bangladesh.
Response: The Mughal empire is conventionally said to have been founded in 1526 by Babur, a warrior chieftain from what is today Uzbekistan, who employed aid from the neighboring Safavid and Ottoman empires, to defeat the Sultan of Delhi, Ibrahim Lodi, in the First Battle of Panipat, and to sweep down the plains of North India. The Mughal imperial structure, however, is sometimes dated to 1600, to the rule of Babur's grandson, Akbar. This imperial structure lasted until 1720, shortly after the death of the last major emperor, Aurangzeb, during whose reign the empire also achieved its maximum geographical extent. Reduced subsequently to the region in and around Old Delhi by 1760, the empire was formally dissolved by the British Raj after the Indian Rebellion of 1857.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Who is the lead singer of Korn?
Response: Jonathan Houseman Davis is the lead singer of nu-metal band, Korn.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: What is handscroll used for
Context: The handscroll is a long, narrow, horizontal scroll format in East Asia used for calligraphy or paintings. A handscroll usually measures up to several meters in length and around 25–40 cm in height. Handscrolls are generally viewed starting from the right end. This kind of scroll is intended to be read or viewed flat on a table, in sections. The format thus allows for the depiction of a continuous narrative or journey. The traditional alternative format in East Asian paintings is the vertical hanging scroll, which is rarely as long.
Response: The handscroll is a long, narrow, horizontal scroll format in East Asia used for calligraphy or paintings.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Provide me with a list of boy names that are currently popular.
Response: Boy names that are currently popular include Liam, Noah, Oliver, Elijah, James, William, and Benjamin.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: If you were going to learn how to play basketball, how would you do it?
Response: 1. Learn the basic rules. Start by understanding how the game is played, either by watching local pickup games or watching professional basketball online.

2. Practice on your own. Find a basketball and go to a local basketball court. Practice taking various shots including layups, free throws, jump shots, and three-pointers. Find videos online to help improve your shooting form. This will help prepare you for playing basketball games with others.

3. Play pickup games. Find a group to play basketball with at a local gym or at an outdoor court. If you don't have enough people to play with, you can play 1-1 or half-court 3 on 3. This will help you learn facets of the game that cannot be learned when practicing on your own such as passing and defense.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: What is Dharma Sabha
Context: Dharma Sabha was formed in 1830 in Calcutta by Radhakanta Deb. The organization was established mainly to counter the ongoing social reform movements led by protagonists such as Raja Ram Mohun Roy and Henry Derozio. More specifically, the impetus of forming the organization came from a new law enacted by the colonial British rule which banned the barbaric practice of burning widows alive (sati) in the country; the focus of the new association was to repel the law which was seen as an intrusion by the British into the religious affairs of the indigenous people by some sections of the Hindu community. The Dharma Sabha filed an appeal in the Privy Council against the ban on Sati by Lord William Bentinck as, according to them, it went against the assurance given by George III of non-interference in Hindu religious affairs; however, their appeal was rejected and the ban on Sati was upheld in 1832. It published a newspaper called Samachar Chandrika.

The Dharma Sabha campaigned against the Hindu Widow Remarriage Act, 1856 and submitted a petition against the proposal with nearly four times more signatures than the one submitted for it by Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar. However  Lord Dalhousie personally finalized the bill despite the opposition and it being considered a flagrant breach of Hindu customs as prevalent then, and it was passed by Lord Canning.

The organization soon morphed into a 'society in defense of Hindu way of life or culture'.[
Response: The Dharma Sabha was formed in 1830 in Calcutta by Radhakanta Deb to counter the ongoing social reform movements led by protagonists such as Raja Ram Mohun Roy and Henry Derozio. The organization was established to repel a new law enacted by British colonial rule, which banned the barbaric practice of burning widows alive (sati) in the country. The Dharma Sabha filed an appeal in the Privy Council against the ban on Sati by Lord William Bentinck, but their request was rejected, and the ban on Sati was upheld in 1832. It published a newspaper called Samachar Chandrika.
Category: classification
Instruction: Tell me whether these are literary characters or fruits: Gandalf, banana, Frodo Baggins, Aragorn, orange, apple, Sauron
Response: Gandalf - literary character
Banana - fruit
Frodo Baggins - literary character
Aragorn  - literary character
orange - fruit
apple - fruit
Sauron - literary character
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: What are 3 things I should always have before leaving my house?
Response: Always make sure you have your wallet, keys and phone with you
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Queen Elizabeth II coffin rested on a raised platform called a catafalque at
Response: Westminster Hall
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What are some of the most important attributes of spacecraft battery and how are these attributes realized?
Response: Some of the most important attributes are reliability, low mass.  Reliability is often achieved through qualification testing, demonstrated performance in a flight environment and configuration management.  Mass can be minimized by using high-performance Li-ion batteries that are optimized for the anticipated use case and by right-sizing the battery to meet end of mission power requirements using calibrated battery life and performance models.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Create an itinerary for 3 days in Park City Utah that is good for children and adults. Include hotels, food options, one day of skiing and activities.
Response: Ok, here are three days for a family trip to Park city.

Day one:

- Go grocery shopping at Whole Food Market to pick up snacks, and food for lunches.
- Pick up rental skiing at Christy's for all adults and children whole are skiing.
- Eat dinner at River Horse Tavern on Main street.

Day two:
- Go skiing at Park City Resort. Purchase day passes in person or pre-purchase Epic passes online.
- Stop with the kids at Rocky Mountain Chocolate Company for a treat.
- Eat dinner at High Saloon on Park Avenue.

Day three:
- Go to Park City Library which has a kids' section.
- Shop at galleries, thrift stores, or gift shops on Main Street.
- Eat dinner at Butcher House Chops and Grill.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: What are some of the reasons people like to visit Brazil?
Response: Brazil is a South American country with a diverse landscape and cultural mix. From subtropical grasslands in the South to drier biomes in the northeast to the Amazon rainforest, many people visit the country to experience one of the world's biodiverse hotspots. Several species are endemic to Brazil, particularly in the Amazon region. The country is also known for a culture that blends European, African and Indigenous influences. Many visitors are intrigued by its diverse culture. The nation received many migrants from all over the world in the 19th and 20th centuries, leading to the largest Japanese community outside of Japan, largest Italian population outside of Italy, and the largest population of  SubSaharan African descent outside of Nigeria. Many of the cultural expressions of Brazil - capoeira, the large Carnaval parades, Brazilian soccer and jiu-jitsu - have found a devotees outside of the country.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Are seed oils bad for you?
Response: Seed oils such as vegetable, canola, soy, sunflower, etc. are high in omega 6 fatty acids. Research has shown that diets high in omega 6 fatty acids lead to systemic inflammation. Unlike seed oils, saturated fat is usually derived from animal products, however they’ve been demonized by various communities with political agendas. Unlike seed oils, saturated fats do not contain a high amount of omega 6 fatty acid.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Why is Arsenal FC a great football club?
Response: Arsenal is one of the greatest football clubs in the world for many reasons. First of all, it has one of the largest global fanbases from all continents on the globe. The fan base headcount is within the top 10 of all existing sports teams. It has been one of the most successful clubs in terms of winning silverware, with 13 league titles and 14 FA cups to its name. It has a rich history of having international players that go on to become some of the greatest players in football/soccer history. The club is also located in the heart of London, making it a popular team for people from all around the world to come and visit. It has one of the best stadiums in Europe, Emirates Stadium, that can seat 65,000+ attendants and has an incredible atmosphere on game day.
Category: classification
Instruction: Identify which instrument is string or woodwind: Giga, Panflute, Chuniri, Dizi
Response: Dizi and Panflute are woodwind, Giga and Chuniri are string.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: How can the Federal Reserve control inflation?
Response: The Federal Reserve has a "dual mandate" to both keep prices stable and maintain the highest level of sustainable employment. Controlling inflation falls into the scope of price stability. The Fed has three main tools to achieve this goal. First, they can change the Federal Funds Rate which is the interest rate used by banks for inter-bank lending and is the foundation for interest rates more broadly. An increase in the Federal Funds Rate, will cause interest rates to increase for loans, mortgages, credit cards, etc. The higher costs of interest rates cause prices to decrease. Second, the Fed can set expectations for path of the Federal Funds Rate via announcements from Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) and "Fed Speak" from individual Fed governors. These updates and commentary are based on the Feds marcoeconcomic forecasts and the individual opinions of the Fed governors. These expectations can influence the publics expectation for inflation and therefore the actual path of inflation. Lastly, the Fed has many technical tools for influencing credit markets and the interest rates on government bonds. These tools involve buying/selling US treasuries or providing assurances to select credit markets. These actions can tighten/loosen these credit markets and therfore indirectly influence actual interest rates. In summary, all three tools used by the Fed play a part in the strategy for controlling inflation.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: How long did Air Finland operate?
Context: Oy Air Finland was an airline with its head office and base at Helsinki Airport in Vantaa, Finland, which was operating chartered and scheduled flights to holiday destinations, as well as aircraft lease services. The company was founded in 2002 and filed for bankruptcy in 2012.

History

Boeing 757-200 in the old livery at Kangerlussuaq Airport (2010).

Boeing 757-200 in the latest livery at Málaga Airport (2012).

An ex-Air Finland Boeing 757-200 in basic Jet2 Holidays livery at Leeds Bradford International Airport (2011)
The airline was established in January 2002 and started flight operations on 3 April 2003. It was owned by three individuals from the aviation, finance and travel marketing industries: Harri Naivo (Chairman and Chief Financial Officer), Mika Helenius (Chief Executive Officer), and Lauri Komi. At March 2007, the company had 210 employees. On 26 June 2012, Air Finland announced that it would immediately cancel all flights and filed for bankruptcy.
Response: They operated as a business for 10 years, between 2002 and 2012.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: What kind of dog should I get?
Response: There are many dog breeds to choose from. Choosing a dog breed is a personal choice. Consider what kind of lifestyle you live and pick a dog that fits your lifestyle. For example, if you are allergic to dogs you may consider a poodle, or poodle mix as they tend to be hypoallergenic.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What are examples of famous plays written by William Shakespeare?
Response: Famous plays written by William Shakespeare include Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, King Lear, and Macbeth.
Category: classification
Instruction: Tell me if these are TV shows or Movies: Breaking Bad, Dexter, Game of thrones, Fight Club.
Response: TV Shows: Breaking Bad, Dexter, Game of thrones
Movies: Fight Club
Category: summarization
Instruction: Who is Serhiy Malyi?
Context: Serhiy Viktorovych Malyi (Ukrainian: Сергій Вікторович Малий; born 5 June 1990) is a professional footballer who plays as a defender for Tobol. Born in Ukraine, he represents the Kazakhstan national team.
Response: Serhiy Malyi is a professional footballer who plays defense for Tobol. He also represents the Kazakhstan national team.
Category: creative_writing
Instruction: Write the first paragraph of a blog post describing the appeal of Boston as a tourist destination
Response: Boston is a vibrant city with a rich history, incredible architecture, and diverse culture. Its cobblestone streets, charming neighborhoods, and vibrant nightlife make it an ideal destination for visitors. From the Freedom Trail to the Boston Common, Boston offers visitors a unique experience unlike any other. From historic sites to vibrant nightlife, Boston is a great place to visit and explore. The suburbs are great too.
Category: classification
Instruction: Which of the following surnames have appeared on the Wimbledon Men's Championship trophy in the last sixty years? Federer, Djokovic, Navratilova, Connors, Borg, McEnroe, Becker, Laver, Evert, Court, Nastase, Sullivan, Leconte, Bahrami.
Response: Wimbledon is a famous tennis tournament that is played, every two weeks of the summer, in a suburb of London in the United Kingdom. The correct answer is: Federer, Djokovic, Connors, Borg, McEnroe, Becker, Laver. The tennis players called Nastase, Sullivan, Leconte, and Bahrami have never won the Wimbledon Championships. The names 'Evert', 'Navratilova' and 'Court' belong to female champions (who have won the women's event in the last sixty years).
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: How do electronic devices perform electron control?
Context: Electronics deals with electrical circuits that involve active electrical components such as vacuum tubes, transistors, diodes, sensors and integrated circuits, and associated passive interconnection technologies. The nonlinear behaviour of active components and their ability to control electron flows makes digital switching possible, and electronics is widely used in information processing, telecommunications, and signal processing. Interconnection technologies such as circuit boards, electronics packaging technology, and other varied forms of communication infrastructure complete circuit functionality and transform the mixed components into a regular working system.
Today, most electronic devices use semiconductor components to perform electron control. The underlying principles that explain how semiconductors work are studied in solid state physics, whereas the design and construction of electronic circuits to solve practical problems are part of electronics engineering.
Response: Most electronic devices use semiconductor components to perform electron control.
Category: summarization
Instruction: Please give me a short bulleted list of what happened in the 2023 Covenant School shooting incident
Context: On March 27, 2023, a mass shooting occurred at The Covenant School, a private Presbyterian Church in America parochial school in the Green Hills neighborhood of Nashville, Tennessee. Local resident and former student of the school Aiden Hale (formerly Audrey Elizabeth Hale) killed three children and three adults. Hale, 28, was killed by two Metropolitan Nashville Police Department officers responding to the incident.

Hale was initially reported to be a woman and referred to by his birth name by police. Later, it was confirmed that Hale was a trans man who went by the name Aiden and used he/him pronouns.

Hale drove a Honda Fit to the school, arriving at 9:54 a.m. CDT and parking it in the lot. At 9:57, Hale sent an Instagram message to an old friend saying an earlier post he made was "basically a suicide note" and that he planned to die that day. His friend called a crisis hotline before contacting the Davidson County Sheriff's Office at 10:13.

At 10:11, Hale shot through a set of glass side doors and entered the building. He was armed with two rifles and a pistol. At 10:13, police received a call about an active shooter. He walked across the second floor of the school before opening fire. He fired into several classrooms; no one in the classrooms was injured because the teachers had fortified doors and sheltered the students. The police first arrived at the school at 10:24. A teacher told an officer that the students were in lockdown and two were missing.

Officers entered the building at 10:25 and they searched each room for Hale. They heard gunshots coming from the second floor. Five Metro Nashville police officers went upstairs and saw him in a lobby area, firing through a window at arriving police vehicles. Two of the officers fired four times each killing him at 10:27, 14 minutes after the initial 911 call was made
Response: Hale, 28, a former student killed three children and three adults as part of a mass shooting that occurred at The Covenant School, a private Presbyterian Church in America parochial school in the Green Hills neighborhood of Nashville, Tennessee.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: How does the time of sunrise vary from spring to summer?
Context: Although the Sun appears to "rise" from the horizon, it is actually the Earth's motion that causes the Sun to appear. The illusion of a moving Sun results from Earth observers being in a rotating reference frame; this apparent motion caused many cultures to have mythologies and religions built around the geocentric model, which prevailed until astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus formulated his heliocentric model in the 16th century.
Astronomically, sunrise occurs for only an instant: the moment at which the upper limb of the Sun appears tangent to the horizon. However, the term sunrise commonly refers to periods of time both before and after this point:
Twilight, the period in the morning during which the sky is brightening, but the Sun is not yet visible. The beginning of morning twilight is called astronomical dawn.
The period after the Sun rises during which striking colors and atmospheric effects are still seen.
The timing of sunrise varies throughout the year and is also affected by the viewer's latitude and longitude, altitude, and time zone. These changes are driven by the axial tilt of Earth, daily rotation of the Earth, the planet's movement in its annual elliptical orbit around the Sun, and the Earth and Moon's paired revolutions around each other. The analemma can be used to make approximate predictions of the time of sunrise.
In late winter and spring, sunrise as seen from temperate latitudes occurs earlier each day, reaching its earliest time near the summer solstice; although the exact date varies by latitude. After this point, the time of sunrise gets later each day, reaching its latest sometime around the winter solstice. The offset between the dates of the solstice and the earliest or latest sunrise time is caused by the eccentricity of Earth's orbit and the tilt of its axis, and is described by the analemma, which can be used to predict the dates.
Variations in atmospheric refraction can alter the time of sunrise by changing its apparent position. Near the poles, the time-of-day variation is exaggerated, since the Sun crosses the horizon at a very shallow angle and thus rises more slowly.
Accounting for atmospheric refraction and measuring from the leading edge slightly increases the average duration of day relative to night. The sunrise equation, however, which is used to derive the time of sunrise and sunset, uses the Sun's physical center for calculation, neglecting atmospheric refraction and the non-zero angle subtended by the solar disc.
Response: In late winter and spring, sunrise as seen from temperate latitudes occurs earlier each day, reaching its earliest time near the summer solstice; although the exact date varies by latitude. After this point, the time of sunrise gets later each day, reaching its latest sometime around the winter solstice.
Category: creative_writing
Instruction: how to solve a Rubik's cube
Response: Start with one side: Begin by choosing one side of the cube to solve. Usually, people choose the white or yellow side as it's easier to see the colors. Look for a center piece of the color you've chosen and place it in the center of that side.

Build the first layer: Now, turn the cube so that the side you just solved is facing down. Look for the edges that match the center color and put them in their respective places on the first layer. This layer will be completed when you have all four matching edge pieces in place.

Build the second layer: Once the first layer is complete, turn the cube over and find the middle row. Look for the edge pieces that belong on this layer, and move them into place with an algorithm. The goal is to build a complete layer with the same color as the center.

Build the final layer: The final layer can be tricky, but with practice, it becomes easier. First, align the corners of the final layer with the corresponding edges. Then, apply an algorithm to move the corners to their correct positions. Once the corners are in place, use another algorithm to position the edges.

Finish the cube: After completing the final layer, you may have some misaligned pieces. Don't worry, as a simple algorithm can fix them. Keep using the algorithm until all the sides of the cube are in place.

With practice, solving a Rubik's Cube can be achieved in under a minute. It's important to remember that it's all about pattern recognition and memorizing algorithms, so keep practicing and soon you'll be able to solve it without even thinking!