fedml/databricks-dolly-15k-niid huggingface dataset:
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Should I marry/ commit my significant other?
Response: Who you choose to spend the rest of your life with is one of the most important decisions you will ever make and one that not should be taken lightly. There are many ups and downs in life and it is imperative to ask yourself questions such as, will this person support me in troubling times, celebrate my successes, be faithful to me, listen to me, laugh with me, etc. You want he, she or they to bring out the best of you. Make sure you have had enough time with this person to truly answer these questions. It is better to wait and know for sure than to rush into this decision. 
It is also important to ensure you and this individual are aligned on things such as having kids, career/ personal goals, managing finances and overall expectations prior to making a lifelong commitment. 
Marriage can be tough but also the best thing in the world! I hope you choose someone who can show you just how wonderful it can be!
Category: general_qa
Instruction: How is the Mars 2020 mission different from other missions?
Response: The Perseverance rover pioneers a drill that can collect core samples of the most promising rocks and soils, and set them aside in a "cache" on the surface of Mars. A future mission could potentially return these samples to Earth.
Category: summarization
Instruction: Which artist recorded the album Moonlight Madness?
Context: Moonlight Madness is the second studio album by singer Teri DeSario, released in 1979 by Casablanca Records and Filmworks (NBLP-7178). It includes the hit single "Yes, I'm Ready", a duet with K.C. of KC and the Sunshine Band.
The album contains mostly disco music, including "Dancin' in the Streets" and "I'm Ready".
Response: Singer Teri DeSario recorded Moonlight Madness, tracks on the album are mostly in the disco music category and includes the hit single Yes I’m Ready and Dancin in the Streets. 

The album was first released on sale in 1979 on Casablanca Records and Moonlight Madness was the second studio album recorded by DeSario.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: What is a simple recipe for a margarita?
Response: A simple margarita can be made using just tequila, lime juice, and simple syrup. Alternatively, margarita sweet and sour mix can be bought from the store and will need to be mixed with tequila.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: What are some ways in which I can use a pen for other than writing?
Response: Here are some ways in which you could use a pen for anything other than writing: 

- you could use it to punch holes into bubble wrap 
- you could use it as a weapon 
- you could use a hollow pen as a straw 
- you could use it as a cover for pointed objects 
- you could use it for practicing pen spinning 
- you could use the nib as a tooth pick 
- you could use the nib to open the sim card tray on your phone
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Give me some ideas on what to do this weekend.
Response: If the weather is good and you like to spend time outdoors, you could go to a beach or on a hike, or your neighborhood park for a picnic. 

If the weather is not great but you still like to go outside, go on a drive. Don't forget to stay hydrated! 

If you like spending time indoors, go to a museum or read a book you have had on your list for a long time but just haven't gotten around to starting it. 

Call your mom!
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: What are the largest hotel chains in the United States?
Response: Marriott
Radisson
Best Western
Hilton
Hyatt
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What was the cause of MH370 flight's disappearance?
Response: There are many conspiracy theories surrounding the disposition of the flight, ranging from a military downing, aircraft hijacking, terrorist attack, to a pilot suicide over his deteriorating personal life, but all of these suggestions have not been proven substantially.  We will really never know, and will just have to leave this an unsolved mystery.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: What is data warehousing?
Context: In computing, a data warehouse (DW or DWH), also known as an enterprise data warehouse (EDW), is a system used for reporting and data analysis and is considered a core component of business intelligence. DWs are central repositories of integrated data from one or more disparate sources. They store current and historical data in one single place that are used for creating analytical reports for workers throughout the enterprise. This is beneficial for companies as it enables them to interrogate and draw insights from their data and make decisions.

The data stored in the warehouse is uploaded from the operational systems (such as marketing or sales). The data may pass through an operational data store and may require data cleansing for additional operations to ensure data quality before it is used in the DW for reporting.

Extract, transform, load (ETL) and extract, load, transform (ELT) are the two main approaches used to build a data warehouse system.
Response: A centralized repository of data from multiple source systems organized in subject areas typically in 3NF or dimensional data modeling techniques.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is a Haiku?
Response: A haiku is a short poem composed of three phrases and 17 syllables, with the first and last phrases being 5 syllables and the second phrase being 7 syllables. Originating from Japan, haikus are typically centered around nature-related topics, such as Spring.
Category: creative_writing
Instruction: Write a short story about a man who discovers a partially built treehouse.
Response: A man purchased a piece of property and began to explore the land.  After some time had passed, the man discovered a partially built treehouse not too far from the ground that would be safe for his children to play in.  The man returned home to his workshop to gather wood and tools to complete the treehouse construction.  However, upon arrival at his workshop, he learned that he would need more wood to finish the treehouse.  Disappointed, he began to put his tools away when he heard a truck passing by with lumber for sale.  After purchasing the material, he returned to the treehouse with his tools and material and began to work.  Upon completion of the treehouse, he called for his children to surprise them and when they saw the treehouse they shouted for joy and immediately began to play in it and this made the man very happy.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: My computer won't start. How do I fix it?
Response: First check that the computer is plugged in. If there's a switch on the power supply make sure the switch is in the on position. Check to see if the fans turn on when you hit the power button. If so, then the computer is likely getting power. Do you hear a beeping sound? That means the computer is successfully able to load the BIOS and you issue might be related to the installation of the OS. If you can't get to the BIOS, you may have a hardware issue with computer. Open the case and check for loose connections. Try reseating the ram. If that doesn't work you may have a short on the motherboard, which might need replacement.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: What is cloud computing?
Response: Cloud computing is the on-demand delivery of IT resources over the Internet with pay-as-you-go pricing. Instead of buying, owning, and maintaining physical data centers and servers, you can access technology services, such as computing power, storage, and databases, on an as-needed basis from a cloud provider like Amazon Web Services (AWS).
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: Extract the names of the singles from the text as a bulleted list.
Context: Atlantis Princess is the third Korean-language studio album by South Korean singer BoA, released on May 30, 2003 by SM Entertainment. Several singles were promoted off the album, including the promotional single "Lights of Seoul", "Atlantis Princess", and "Milky Way", with accompanying music videos produced for the latter two songs. The album was also released in some parts of Asia, such as the Philippines, Hong Kong and Taiwan, with the overseas version containing a bonus VCD.

Commercially, the album debuted at number one on the top 50 Korean monthly charts, with initial monthly sales of nearly 128,000 in from two days of shipments in May. It was the 4th best-selling album of the year in South Korea with sales of over 345,000 copies.
Response: * Lights of Seoul
* Atlantis Princess
* Milky Way
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Give me a bulleted list of 5 states in alphabetical order
Response: Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: 5 fruits more healthy than apples
Response: Orange
Plums
Indian Gooseberry
Dates
Kiwi
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What does the phrase “ignorance is bliss” mean?
Response: “Ignorance is bliss” refers to times when it is better not to know something than to know it.
Category: classification
Instruction: Classify the following elements as metal or noble gas: Argon, Iron, Copper, Krypton, Neon, Silver, Thorium, Radon, Helium, Xenon, Erbium, Tin, Protactinium
Response: Argon - Noble Gas
Iron - Metal
Copper - Metal
Krypton - Noble Gas
Neon - Noble Gas
Silver - Metal
Thorium - Metal
Radon - Noble Gas
Helium - Noble Gas
Xenon - Noble Gas
Erbium - Metal
Tin - Metal
Protactinium - Metal
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: What should I do if my baby doesn't sleep in the night?
Response: A few things you can check:
1, does your baby sleep a lot during the daytime? If so, you need to tell him/her when is daytime and when is night. Train him/her to sleep more during the night
2, Is your baby hungry? Baby will wake up if they are hungry. Make sure they have sufficient food before going to bed.
3, how is your baby's sleeping environment? Make sure the room temperature and humidity are good for sleep. Also, try to have a silent and dark environment for the baby to sleep.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Who is Sachin Tendulkar?
Response: Sachin Ramesh Tendulkar is an Indian former international cricketer who captained the Indian national team. He is regarded as one of the greatest batsmen in the history of cricket. He is the all-time highest run-scorer in both ODI and Test cricket with more than 18,000 runs and 15,000 runs, respectively. He also holds the record for receiving the most man-of-the-match awards in international cricket.[
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Given this paragraph about the history of Beijing, when did Beijing get the current name?
Context: Over the past 3,000 years, the city of Beijing has had numerous other names. The name Beijing, which means "Northern Capital" (from the Chinese characters 北 for north and 京 for capital), was applied to the city in 1403 during the Ming dynasty to distinguish the city from Nanjing (the "Southern Capital"). The English spelling Beijing is based on the government's official romanization (adopted in the 1980s) of the two characters as they are pronounced in Standard Mandarin. An older English spelling, Peking(北平 in Chinese meaning), was used by Jesuit missionary Martino Martini in a popular atlas published in Amsterdam in 1655. Although Peking is no longer the common name for the city, some of the city's older locations and facilities, such as Beijing Capital International Airport, with the IATA Code PEK, and Peking University, still retain the former romanization.
Response: In 1403, during the Ming dynasty, Beijing got its current name.
Category: summarization
Instruction: Using the provided passage, provide a bulleted list of the areas most effected by climate change.
Context: Economic damages due to climate change may be severe and there is a chance of disastrous consequences. Climate change has likely already increased global economic inequality, and this trend is projected to continue. Most of the severe impacts are expected in sub-Saharan Africa, where most of the local inhabitants are dependent upon natural and agricultural resources and South-East Asia. The World Bank estimates that climate change could drive over 120 million people into poverty by 2030.

Current inequalities based on wealth and social status have worsened due to climate change. Major difficulties in mitigating, adapting, and recovering to climate shocks are faced by marginalized people who have less control over resources. Indigenous people, who are subsistent on their land and ecosystems, will face endangerment to their wellness and lifestyles due to climate change. An expert elicitation concluded that the role of climate change in armed conflict has been small compared to factors such as socio-economic inequality and state capabilities.

Low-lying islands and coastal communities are threatened by sea level rise, which makes flooding more common. Sometimes, land is permanently lost to the sea. This could lead to statelessness for people in island nations, such as the Maldives and Tuvalu. In some regions, the rise in temperature and humidity may be too severe for humans to adapt to. With worst-case climate change, models project that almost one-third of humanity might live in extremely hot and uninhabitable climates, similar to the current climate found in the Sahara. These factors can drive environmental migration, both within and between countries. More people are expected to be displaced because of sea level rise, extreme weather and conflict from increased competition over natural resources. Climate change may also increase vulnerability, leading to "trapped populations" who are not able to move due to a lack of resources.
Response: - sub-Saharan Africa
- South-East Asia
- Low-lying islands and coastal communities
- Maldives
- Tuvalu
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: What are some good flowers to plant in Hardiness Zone 7?
Response: You can grow a lot of great flowers in Zone 7. For shady areas of your garden, try hostas, lily of the valley, and heuchera. If you have more sun, irises, roses, peonies, and begonias should all do well.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: What are all the different ways of saying customer lifetime value?
Context: In marketing, customer lifetime value (CLV or often CLTV), lifetime customer value (LCV), or life-time value (LTV) is a prognostication of the net profit contributed to the whole future relationship with a customer. The prediction model can have varying levels of sophistication and accuracy, ranging from a crude heuristic to the use of complex predictive analytics techniques.

Customer lifetime value can also be defined as the monetary value of a customer relationship, based on the present value of the projected future cash flows from the customer relationship. Customer lifetime value is an important concept in that it encourages firms to shift their focus from quarterly profits to the long-term health of their customer relationships. Customer lifetime value is an important metric because it represents an upper limit on spending to acquire new customers. For this reason it is an important element in calculating payback of advertising spent in marketing mix modeling.

One of the first accounts of the term customer lifetime value is in the 1988 book Database Marketing, which includes detailed worked examples. Early adopters of customer lifetime value models in the 1990s include Edge Consulting and BrandScience.
Response: Customer lifetime value is commonly referred to as customer lifetime value (CLV or often CLTV), lifetime customer value (LCV), or life-time value (LTV).
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Is the earth flat?
Response: No, the Earth is round, just like all other planets. The gravitational pull of its mass forces it into a spherical shape. The gravity force pulls the material toward the center of the planet. The flat earth theory is scientifically disproven. The earth is not entirely round, though, because the centrifugal force of its spin causes the earth to bulge slightly around the equator.
Category: classification
Instruction: Which of these are reptiles: frog, snake, toad, lizard, turtle, fish, dog, cat, crocodile
Response: Snakes, Lizards, Turtles, and Crocodiles are reptiles
Category: creative_writing
Instruction: Write a grocery list of typical items a person might get from the grocery store.
Response: The items a person might need from the grocery store will vary on the dietary needs of the person, as well as the amount of people in the household the person is shopping for, and if they're shopping for a special event or just for regular daily meals. With that in mind, here are some typical grocery shopping items that a person might get from a typical grocery shopping trip: milk, bread, eggs, coffee, olive oil, rice, chicken, steak, apples, oranges, salad mix, soda, sugar, flour, salt.
Category: summarization
Instruction: From the given text, write some important points about guitar's vibrato system
Context: A vibrato system on a guitar is a mechanical device used to temporarily change the pitch of the strings. They add vibrato to the sound by changing the tension of the strings, typically at the bridge or tailpiece of an electric guitar using a controlling lever, which is alternately referred to as a whammy bar, vibrato bar, or incorrectly as a tremolo arm. The lever enables the player to quickly and temporarily vary the tension and sometimes length of the strings, changing the pitch to create a vibrato, portamento, or pitch bend effect. Instruments without a vibrato have other bridge and tailpiece systems.
Response: 1. A vibrato system is a mechanical component that alters the pitch of the strings on a guitar.
2. They modify the string tension at the bridge or tailpiece of an electric guitar using a regulating lever, sometimes known as a whammy bar, vibrato bar, or wrongly as a tremolo arm, to add vibrato to the music.
3. With the help of the lever, the musician can quickly and momentarily alter the tension and occasionally the length of the strings, which alters the pitch and produces effects such as vibrato, portamento, and pitch bend.
4. Vibrato-free instruments need different bridge and tailpiece systems.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Given a reference text about twitter, how many accounts were estimated to be fake?
Context: Twitter was created by Jack Dorsey, Noah Glass, Biz Stone, and Evan Williams in March 2006 and launched in July of that year. Twitter, Inc. is based in San Francisco, California and has more than 25 offices around the world. By 2012, more than 100 million users tweeted 340 million tweets a day, and the service handled an average of 1.6 billion search queries per day. In 2013, it was one of the ten most-visited websites and has been described as "the SMS of the Internet". By the start of 2019, Twitter had more than 330 million monthly active users. In practice, the vast majority of tweets are tweeted by a minority of users. In 2020, it was estimated that approximately 48 million accounts (15% of all accounts) were fake.
Response: In 2020, about 48 million accounts were estimated to be fake.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Why india is so Poor Country
Response: Population. so much populated  country
Education. People mostly are uneducated.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Who will win F1 championship in the world 2023
Response: Max Vestrapen
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: What are good Virtual Reality concepts?
Response: Time travel, educational training, deceased consciousness simulation, planet exploration
Category: classification
Instruction: Which of the following are real vs. mythical animals: dove, unicorn, Komodo dragon, Sasquatch, cockatrice, snipe
Response: Real: dove, Komodo dragon, snipe
Mythical: unicorn, Sasquatch, cockatrice

Note that asking someone to go on a 'snipe hunt' to trick them into searching for something that does not exist. So 'snipe' in this context is something that is not real, but there is in fact a real snipe family of birds
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What in business terms is the IMF
Response: International Monetary Fund
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: What are the ingredients in panch phuran?
Context: Panch phoron, panch phodan or pancha phutana is a whole spice blend, originating from the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent and used especially in the cuisine of Eastern India and Northeastern India, especially in the cuisine of Bhojpur, Mithila, Odisha, Bengal and Nepal. The name literally means "five spices".

All of the spices in panch phoron are seeds. Typically, panch phoron consists of fenugreek seed, nigella seed, cumin seed, black mustard seed and fennel seed in equal parts. Some cooks prefer to use a smaller proportion of fenugreek seeds, because of their mildly bitter taste.
Response: Panch phuran, also known as  panch phoron, comprises of the following spices in equal parts: cumin seeds, fenugreek seeds, black mustard seeds, fennel seeds and nigella seeds.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: Extract what previous provinces Kardzhali a part of in the past
Context: The territory of Kardzhali province was acquired by Bulgaria during the First Balkan War in 1912. In 1913 the region was organized as the district (окръг, okrăg in Bulgarian) of Mestanli. This district was part of Stara Zagora province from 1934 until 1949, then it was transferred to the newly formed Haskovo district. In 1959 Kardzhali became the center of a new district with similar borders to the current province. Between 1987 and 1999, the region was part of Haskovo Province, after which it was restored, now as a province and with slightly changed borders.
Response: Kardzhali was once a part of Stara Zagora province and Haskovo Province until it was restored in 1999
Category: open_qa
Instruction: In the series A Song of Ice and Fire, who is the founder of House Baratheon?
Response: Orys Baratheon
Category: summarization
Instruction: What is a Maiestas trifasciatus
Context: Maiestas trifasciatus (formerly Recilia trifasciatus) is a species of bug from the Cicadellidae family that can be found on Canary Islands and countries including Iran and Burkina Faso. It was formerly placed within Recilia, but a 2009 revision moved it to Maiestas.
Response: Maiestas trifasciatus (formerly Recilia trifasciatus) is a species of bug from the Cicadellidae family that can be found on Canary Islands and countries including Iran and Burkina Faso.

It was formerly placed within Recilia, but a 2009 revision moved it to Maiestas.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Tell me a number of ways that one could entertain a small group of 6 year old children.
Response: There are a quite a few ways in which to entertain a group of young children depending on their interests. Most children enjoy games, so you could find some age-appropriate board games and help them to understand the rules and play through the game. Alternatively, if you have space, you could have them play hide-and-go-seek indoors or outside, or alternatively games like 'suck in the mud' are fun for outdoor activity. For something quieter, you could find some rolls of butchers paper and drawing tools or paints and provide a theme for children to paint a mural together.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: List some cool places to go visit when you go to Prescott, AZ
Response: 1. Whisky Row, Downtown Prescott
2. Jerome - copper mines
3. Sedona - Natural Waterslides
4. Off-roading 
5. Lynx Lake
6. Watson Lake
7. Gold Water Lake
8. Prescott Camp Grounds
9. Mortimer Farms
10. Tim’s Toyota Center
Category: general_qa
Instruction: I would like to get a camper for the family vacations.  What things do I need to be aware of when buying one?
Response: Top considerations for a camper would be budget, size, weight, & payload required by the tow vehicle.  Payload is usually the most overlooked factor as many times trailers can go well over the payload shown by the manufacturer.  It is usually best to have a tow vehicle that has a buffer of payload over so that you can safely tow a trailer.  Most car/truck manufacturers share must higher towing capabilities than actual since options can bring down the amount of payload and tow capacity.
Category: classification
Instruction: Identify which of the following are episode titles from "The X-Files": The Pine Bluff Variant, My Teacher is an Alien, Memento Mori, The Day the Earth Stood Still, Millennium, Arcadia, The Matrix
Response: The Pine Bluff Variant, Memento Mori, Millennium, Arcadia
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: To which town in the UK did the Ford Motor Company relocate to in 1931?
Context: In 1931 the Ford Motor Company relocated from Trafford Park in Manchester, to a larger new plant in Dagenham, which was already the location of supplier Briggs Motorway Bodies. A 500-acre (200 ha) riverside site was developed to become Europe's largest car plant, a vast vertically integrated site with its own blast furnaces and power station, importing iron ore and exporting finished vehicles. By the 1950s Ford had taken over Briggs at Dagenham and its other sites at Doncaster, Southampton, Croydon and Romford. At its peak the Dagenham plant had 4,000,000 square feet (370,000 m2) of floor space and employed over 40,000 people, although this number gradually fell during the final three decades of the 20th century as production methods advanced and Ford invested in other European factories as well. Some of Britain's best selling cars, including the Fiesta, Escort, Cortina and Sierra, were produced at the plant over the next 71 years.
Response: Dagenham
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Who is the best football team in history?
Response: Liverpool Football Club
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Why do people blink?
Response: Each time the eyelids close, salty secretions from the tear glands are swept over the surface of the eye, flushing away small dust particles and lubricating the exposed portion of the eyeball. In essence, people blink because to cleanse and moisten the eye.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: What are the most common types of pizzas?
Response: There are lots of different pizzas, but the most common are cheese and pepperoni. There are also different types of pizza such as thin crust, New York style pizza, and Chicago style pizza.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: How does water freeze?
Response: Freezing happens when the molecules of a liquid get so cold that they slow down enough to hook onto each other, forming a solid crystal. For pure water, this happens at 32 degrees Fahrenheit.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is the Taylor rule?
Response: The Taylor rule is a monetary policy targeting rule. The rule was proposed in 1992 by American economist John B. Taylor for central banks to use to stabilize economic activity by appropriately setting short-term interest rates. The rule considers the federal funds rate, the price level and changes in real income. The Taylor rule computes the optimal federal funds rate based on the gap between the desired (targeted) inflation rate and the actual inflation rate; and the output gap between the actual and natural output level. According to Taylor, monetary policy is stabilizing when the nominal interest rate is higher/lower than the increase/decrease in inflation. Thus the Taylor rule prescribes a relatively high interest rate when actual inflation is higher than the inflation target.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: List the television programs that Don Carlos Dunaway has worked on in alphabetical order.
Context: Don Carlos Dunaway (fl. 1974–1993) is an American screenwriter known for his work on television programs of the 1970s. He wrote episodes for Baretta, The Rockford Files, and Star Trek: Deep Space Nine. In 1978 he co-created the TV series Kaz with Ron Leibman. In 1985 he directed an episode of The Twilight Zone. He lives in France with his wife who is a painter and with his cat Lou Lou. He has one son, one daughter, and six grandchildren. One of them is a young rapper named Pietro Dunaway, known as Er Danno[citation needed]
Response: In alphabetical order, here is a list of the television programs that the screenwriter Don Carlos Dunaway wrote episodes for: Baretta, Kaz, Star Trek: Deep Space Nine, The Rockford Files and The Twilight Zone.
Category: classification
Instruction: Which of the following books were written by JK Rowling: Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire, Harry Potter and the Half Blood Prince, Cursed Child, Lord of the Rings trilogy, Percy Jackson, A Song of Ice and Fire.
Response: The books written by her are: Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire, Harry Potter and the Half Blood Prince, Cursed Child.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What are the words of House Targaryen?
Response: "Fire and Blood"
Category: general_qa
Instruction: What is your favorite fast-casual restaurant and why?
Response: Chipotle is my favorite place to grab a quick bite to eat.  The food is fresh and delicious. Plus, they offer a simple menu and have high quality ingredients.   It is also very affordable.  The Barbacoa bowl tastes amazing and is my favorite thing to order
Category: general_qa
Instruction: What are most American homes made out of?
Response: In the US, most homes are made from a cement base or foundation and wood framing. The outside and roofs are made of a weather proof material, which may include treated wood, vinyl, brick, or plaster for siding and metal or asphalt shingle for the roof. The inside of homes are generally lined with drywall or some older homes may have plaster walls.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Queen Elizabeth II closed coffin was adorned with several interesting objects and symbols including what?
Response: Personal flag, the Royal Standard Flag, crown jewels Orb and Sceptre
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Given a reference tax about a footballer, tell me when they were born, what is their nationalities and which years they won the FIFA World cup.
Context: Lionel Andrés Messi[note 1] (Spanish pronunciation: [ljoˈnel anˈdɾes ˈmesi] (listen); born 24 June 1987), also known as Leo Messi, is an Argentine professional footballer who plays as a forward for Ligue 1 club Paris Saint-Germain and captains the Argentina national team. Widely regarded as one of the greatest players of all time, Messi has won a record seven Ballon d'Or awards[note 2] and a record six European Golden Shoes, and in 2020 he was named to the Ballon d'Or Dream Team. Until leaving the club in 2021, he had spent his entire professional career with Barcelona, where he won a club-record 34 trophies, including 10 La Liga titles, seven Copa del Rey titles and four UEFA Champions Leagues. With his country, he won the 2021 Copa América and the 2022 FIFA World Cup. A prolific goalscorer and creative playmaker, Messi holds the records for most goals in La Liga (474), most hat-tricks in La Liga (36) and the UEFA Champions League (eight), and most assists in La Liga (192) and the Copa América (17). He also has the most international goals by a South American male (102). Messi has scored over 800 senior career goals for club and country, and has the most goals by a player for a single club (672).
Response: Lionel Andrés Messi, also known as Leo Messi, was born 24 June 1987. He is an Argentine professional footballer. In 2022, He won 2022 FIFA World Cup with his country.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Why is it important to lift weights?
Response: Lifting weights is important for many reasons. Lifting weights can impact a body's physical appearance and strength, has anti-aging benefits, helps prevent osteoporosis, improves joint health, and improves cardiovascular health. Additionally, there are many popular competitions centered around strength and conditioning which has indirectly promoted various strength sports throughout the world.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Stan laurel, Mickey Rooney, Lana Turner what in common
Response: 8 marriages
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Given this paragraph, who was Ayrton Senna's teammate at McLaren-Honda?
Context: Ayrton Senna began his motorsport career in karting, moved up to open-wheel racing in 1981 and won the 1983 British Formula Three Championship. He made his Formula One debut with Toleman-Hart in 1984, before moving to Lotus-Renault the following year and winning six Grands Prix over the next three seasons. In 1988, he joined Frenchman Alain Prost at McLaren-Honda. Between them, they won all but one of the 16 Grands Prix that year, and Senna claimed his first World Championship. Prost claimed the championship in 1989, and Senna his second and third championships in 1990 and 1991. In 1992, the Williams-Renault combination began to dominate Formula One. Senna nonetheless managed to finish the 1993 season as runner-up, winning five races and negotiating a move to Williams in 1994.
Response: While at McLaren-Honda, Alain Prost was Ayrton Senna's teammate.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What does this mean: "Steady-state theory"?
Response: In cosmology, the steady-state model, or steady state theory, is an alternative to the Big Bang theory of the evolution of the universe. In the steady-state model, the density of matter in an expanding universe stays the same because matter is always being made. This fits with the perfect cosmological principle, which says that the universe we can see is pretty much the same everywhere and at any time. 

Problems with the steady-state model began to emerge in the 1950s and 60s, when observations began to support the idea that the universe was in fact changing: bright radio sources (quasars and radio galaxies) were found only at large distances (therefore could have existed only in the distant past due to the effects of the speed of light on astronomy), not in closer galaxies. 

The discovery of the cosmic microwave background radiation in 1964, which the Big Bang theory had predicted, provided the majority of cosmologists with a conclusive challenge to the steady-state model.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Give me 5 major attractions to see in Berlin
Response: 1. Brandenburg Gate. This is a must visit location in Berlin and often times referred as Berlin's signature attraction.
2. Berlin Television Tower. This TV tower or Fernsehturm as called in German, is the something that is hard of ignore even from farthest of the distances.
3. Reichtag. It is Federal Govenment buiding of Germany. This building has been modernised and special attraction is its glass dome to capture a great glance of the city.
4. Kurfürstendamm. It is Berlin's most famous shopping street.
5. Checkpoint Charlie. Just something that attracts every tourist due to its historical significance.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Given this paragraph about Dartmouth College traditions, which homecoming-related traditions are illegal?
Context: Dartmouth Night starts the college's traditional "Homecoming" weekend with an evening of speeches, a parade, and a bonfire. Traditionally, the freshman class builds the bonfire and then runs around it a set number of times in concordance with their class year; the class of 2009 performed 109 circuits, the class of 1999 performed 99, etc. The College officially discourages a number of student traditions of varying degrees of antiquity. During the circling of the bonfire, upperclassmen encourage the freshmen to "touch the fire", an action legally considered trespassing and prohibited by police officials present. At halftime of the Homecoming football game on the Saturday of the weekend, some upperclassmen encourage freshman to "rush the field", although no upperclassman has seen a significant rush since several injuries sustained during the 1986 rush prompted the school to ban the practice. Among the two or three students who sometimes run across the field, those who are arrested are charged with trespassing (the independent newspaper The Dartmouth Review claimed to set up a fund to automatically pay any fines associated with freshman who rush the field.) However, in 2012 this was proven false when two students rushed the field and were arrested for disorderly conduct. The Dartmouth Review ignored their emails until finally replying and denying that this fund had ever existed. These students then had to pay $300 fines out of pocket. For the 2011 Homecoming game, however, over 40 members of the Class of 2015 rushed the field at homecoming without any action taken by Safety and Security or the Hanover Police Department.
Response: Touching the bonfire, and rushing the football field during halftime of the homecoming game
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What was Charles Dickens last (unfinished) novel
Response: Mystery of Edwin
Drood
Category: classification
Instruction: Tell me whether each of these are green or yellow: lemon, lime, cheese, spinach, lettuce, spaghetti
Response: Lemon: Yellow
Lime: Green
Cheese: Yellow
Spinach: Green
Lettuce: Green
Spaghetti: Yellow
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: What's the architecture in Maskavas Forstate look like?
Context: Maskavas Forštate (German: Moskauer Vorstadt) also known as Maskavas priekšpilsēta and colloquially as Maskačka, is a suburb of Riga situated on the right bank of the Daugava. The neighborhood is located to the south of Old Riga along the road historically connecting Riga to Moscow, from which its name is derived.

History
See also: Riga Ghetto
The history of Maskavas Forštate, whose name in English literally means Moscow Suburb goes back to at least the 14th century, in some parts the medieval street network has been preserved. However, the area is first mentioned in 1348 by the name of Lastādija (German: Lastadie).

Architecturally, the neighborhood reflects its history as an area of Russian, Belarusian and Jewish migration, especially characteristic wooden homes.

During the Nazi occupation of Riga, the neighborhood was turned into a ghetto for Jews. Today, there are memorials on the site of the Great Choral Synagogue and the Old Jewish cemetery. Most of the prewar buildings remain standing.
Response: The architecture of Maskavas Forštate reflects the history of Russian, Belarusian, and Jewish migration.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: What are The Benefits of Trekking?
Response: 1) It Benefits of Sports in General , Like all physical activities, trekking is beneficial for your health: develop your bones, reduce the risk of osteoporosis, increase your cardiovascular and respiratory capacities, strengthen your immune system, improve your muscular capacity
2) Disconnection from everyday life really helps to take a step back from mundane worries and connect with yourself.
3) You work both the front and the back of your body. Finally, if you have poles, you work both up and down your body.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: At what temperature does water boil?
Response: While some say a "watched pot never boils," water reaches its boiling point at 100 degrees celsius or 212 degrees fahrenheit.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: How do I get in shape?
Response: In order to get in good physical shape, you need to take multiple aspects of physical health into account. Some keys components that influence one's physical health are diet, exercising, and recovery. All of these need to be considered. In order to improve your physical health, you should put your body under a manageable amount of physical stress. For this stress to lead to improved health, you must remember to also recover! Recovery happens through eating high quality foods in the appropriate portions and by getting an adequate amount of sleep. Without also prioritizing these components of recovery, you will not "build up" your body, but rather continue to "break it down". Remember this saying, "Stress + Rest = Growth".
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: From the paragraph provided, extract the year of the release of the album Origin of Symmetry.
Context: Muse released their debut album, Showbiz, in 1999, showcasing Bellamy's falsetto and a melancholic alternative rock style. Their second album, Origin of Symmetry (2001), incorporated wider instrumentation and romantic classical influences and earned them a reputation for energetic live performances. Absolution (2003) saw further classical influence, with strings on tracks such as "Butterflies and Hurricanes", and was the first of seven consecutive UK number-one albums.

Black Holes and Revelations (2006) incorporated electronic and pop elements, displayed in singles such as "Supermassive Black Hole", and brought Muse wider international success. The Resistance (2009) and The 2nd Law (2012) explored themes of government oppression and civil uprising and cemented Muse as one of the world's major stadium acts. Topping the US Billboard 200, their seventh album, Drones (2015), was a concept album about drone warfare and returned to a harder rock sound. Their eighth album, Simulation Theory (2018), prominently featured synthesisers and was influenced by science fiction and the simulation hypothesis. Their ninth album, Will of the People (2022), which combined many genres and themes from their previous albums, was released in August 2022.
Response: The album Origin of Symmetry was released in 2001.
Category: summarization
Instruction: How can Bernoulli's principle be derived from Newton's second law of motion?
Context: Bernoulli's principle is a key concept in fluid dynamics that relates pressure, speed and height. Bernoulli's principle states that an increase in the speed of a fluid occurs simultaneously with a decrease in static pressure or a decrease in the fluid's potential energy.  The principle is named after the Swiss mathematician and physicist Daniel Bernoulli, who published it in his book Hydrodynamica in 1738.Although Bernoulli deduced that pressure decreases when the flow speed increases, it was Leonhard Euler in 1752 who derived Bernoulli's equation in its usual form. The principle is only applicable for isentropic flows: when the effects of irreversible processes (like turbulence) and non-adiabatic processes (e.g. thermal radiation) are small and can be neglected.
Bernoulli's principle can be derived from the principle of conservation of energy. This states that, in a steady flow, the sum of all forms of energy in a fluid is the same at all points that are free of viscous forces. This requires that the sum of kinetic energy, potential energy and internal energy remains constant. Thus an increase in the speed of the fluid—implying an increase in its kinetic energy (dynamic pressure)—occurs with a simultaneous decrease in (the sum of) its potential energy (including the static pressure) and internal energy. If the fluid is flowing out of a reservoir, the sum of all forms of energy is the same because in a reservoir the energy per unit volume (the sum of pressure and gravitational potential ρ g h) is the same everywhere.
Bernoulli's principle can also be derived directly from Isaac Newton's second Law of Motion. If a small volume of fluid is flowing horizontally from a region of high pressure to a region of low pressure, then there is more pressure behind than in front. This gives a net force on the volume, accelerating it along the streamline.
Fluid particles are subject only to pressure and their own weight. If a fluid is flowing horizontally and along a section of a streamline, where the speed increases it can only be because the fluid on that section has moved from a region of higher pressure to a region of lower pressure; and if its speed decreases, it can only be because it has moved from a region of lower pressure to a region of higher pressure. Consequently, within a fluid flowing horizontally, the highest speed occurs where the pressure is lowest, and the lowest speed occurs where the pressure is highest.
Response: Bernoulli's principle can be derived directly from Isaac Newton's second Law of Motion. If a small volume of fluid is flowing horizontally from a region of high pressure to a region of low pressure, then there is more pressure behind than in front. This gives a net force on the volume, accelerating it along the streamline.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Given this short summary of Giovan Battista Cavagna, how long did it take to build the second Monte di Pieta?
Context: In Naples, he worked in 1572–1577 at the church of San Gregorio Armeno together with Giovanni Vincenzo della Monica. He helped design the Bank in Naples, called the second Monte di Pietà, started in 1539 with goal, according to Sasso, of liberating citizens from the supposed usury of the Jews. By 1597, the building was completed and unified all the banks in the city. In this project, he was aided by Giovanni Giacomo Di Conforto and Giovanni Cola di Franco.
Response: It took 58 years.  Started in 1539, completed in 1597.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: What is the difference between a piano and a harpsichord?
Response: A harpsichord is an instrument with a keyboard, but the strings are not hit by a hammer like at a piano, but are plucked. A harpsichord was developed and built before the piano was invented. A harpsichord has a different sound than a piano. Another difference is that it is not possible to play with different volume levels on a harpsichord. Playing in a dynamic way was the main driver for developing the piano, which was therefore call piano-forte, which means quietly-loud.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: When did the first World war start?
Response: July 28, 1914
Category: summarization
Instruction: Who is Richard Wayne Bogosian?
Context: Richard Wayne Bogosian (born July 18, 1937) is an American diplomat.
Response: Richard Wayne Bogosian (born July 18, 1937) is an American diplomat. He was the United States Ambassador to Chad from 1990 to 1993 and Niger from 1985 to 1988.
He graduated from Tufts College with an A.B. in 1959 and the University of Chicago with a J.D. in 1962. He joined the U.S. Foreign Service in 1962. He oversaw many diplomatic posts, including at the Foreign Service Institute from 1962 to 1963, in the Bureau of Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs at the Department of State in 1963, at the U.S. Embassy in Baghdad, Iraq from 1963 to 1965, at the Foreign Service Institute again in 1965, as vice consul for the U.S. Embassy in Paris, France, from 1966 to 1968, in the Bureau of Near East and South Asian Affairs at the Department of State from 1968 to 1969, in the Bureau for Intelligence and Research at the Department of State from 1969 to 1971, and in the Foreign Service Institute for Economics in 1972.

He was chief of the economic section at the U.S. Embassy in Kuwait from 1972 to 1976, and Deputy Chief of Mission at the U.S. Embassy in Khartoum, Sudan, from 1976 to 1979. From 1976 to 1979, Bogosian was the chief of the Aviation Negotiations Division. He was the Director of East African Affairs from 1982 to 1985, and was nominated to be the United States Ambassador to Niger on August 1, 1985, by President Ronald Reagan.
From 1988 to 1990 he was the Director of the Office of Monetary Affairs.In 1990, Bogosian became the United States Ambassador to Chad from 1990 to 1993. From 1993 to 1994, he was the Coordinator at the U.S. Liaison Office in Mogadishu, Somalia, and Coordinator for Rwanda and Burundi from 1996 to 1997, after the Rwandan genocide.

Bogosian speaks Arabic and French. He is married to Claire Marie Bogosian, and has three children.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: How long do bears hibernate?
Context: Bears use shelters, such as caves and logs, as their dens; most species occupy their dens during the winter for a long period of hibernation, up to 100 day
Response: Bears can hibernate up to 100 days in their dens during the winter
Category: creative_writing
Instruction: Think up some openings for beginners to the game of Chess
Response: Chess openings are the most important part of the game, there are some advanced ones, some common ones, and some easy ones. This is a list of openings for beginners to the game:
- The King's Pawn Opening: This is a very common opening, you move your king's pawn 2 spaces forward, so does the opponent. This is followed by developing your knights. 
- The Fianchetto defense. You move your kingside knight's pawn forward 1 space, then you develop the kingside knight. You then put your kingside bishop in the square that the pawn used to be in, followed by castling. This opening is common among lower ranked players.
- Four Knights Game: This doesn’t happen too much. Both sides start by developing their knights, the pawns take it over from there.
- The French Defense: You move your king's pawn 1 space forward, followed by developing all of your kingside pieces, and finishing by castling.