fedml/databricks-dolly-15k-niid huggingface dataset:
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: Name some famous paintings by Van Gogh.
Context: The time in Arles became one of Van Gogh's more prolific periods: he completed 200 paintings and more than 100 drawings and watercolours. He was enchanted by the local countryside and light; his works from this period are rich in yellow, ultramarine and mauve. They include harvests, wheat fields and general rural landmarks from the area, including The Old Mill (1888), one of seven canvases sent to Pont-Aven on 4 October 1888 in an exchange of works with Paul Gauguin, Émile Bernard, Charles Laval and others. The portrayals of Arles are informed by his Dutch upbringing; the patchworks of fields and avenues are flat and lacking perspective, but excel in their use of colour.
In March 1888 he painted landscapes using a gridded "perspective frame"; three of the works were shown at the annual exhibition of the Société des Artistes Indépendants. In April, he was visited by the American artist Dodge MacKnight, who was living nearby at Fontvieille. On 1 May 1888, for 15 francs per month, he signed a lease for the eastern wing of the Yellow House at 2 place Lamartine. The rooms were unfurnished and had been uninhabited for months.
On 7 May, Van Gogh moved from the Hôtel Carrel to the Café de la Gare, having befriended the proprietors, Joseph and Marie Ginoux. The Yellow House had to be furnished before he could fully move in, but he was able to use it as a studio. He wanted a gallery to display his work and started a series of paintings that eventually included Van Gogh's Chair (1888), Bedroom in Arles (1888), The Night Café (1888), Café Terrace at Night (September 1888), Starry Night Over the Rhone (1888), and Still Life: Vase with Twelve Sunflowers (1888), all intended for the decoration for the Yellow House.
Van Gogh wrote that with The Night Café he tried "to express the idea that the café is a place where one can ruin oneself, go mad, or commit a crime". When he visited Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer in June, he gave lessons to a Zouave second lieutenant – Paul-Eugène Milliet – and painted boats on the sea and the village. MacKnight introduced Van Gogh to Eugène Boch, a Belgian painter who sometimes stayed in Fontvieille, and the two exchanged visits in July.
Response: Some famous paintings of Vincent van Gogh include Van Gogh's Chair (1888), Bedroom in Arles (1888), The Night Café (1888), Café Terrace at Night (September 1888), Starry Night Over the Rhone (1888), and Still Life: Vase with Twelve Sunflowers (1888).
Category: summarization
Instruction: What are some popular tourist destination areas in Kenya?
Context: Tourism in Kenya is the second-largest source of foreign exchange revenue following agriculture. The Kenya Tourism Board is responsible for maintaining information pertaining to tourism in Kenya. The main tourist attractions are photo safaris through the 60 national parks and game reserves. Other attractions include the wildebeest migration at the Masaai Mara, which is considered to be the 7th wonder of the world; historical mosques, and colonial-era forts at Mombasa, Malindi, and Lamu; renowned scenery such as the white-capped Mount Kenya and the Great Rift Valley; tea plantations at Kericho; coffee plantations at Thika; a splendid view of Mount Kilimanjaro across the border into Tanzania; and the beaches along the Swahili Coast, in the Indian Ocean. Tourists, the largest number being from Germany and the United Kingdom, are attracted mainly to the coastal beaches and the game reserves, notably, the expansive East and Tsavo West National Park, 20,808 square kilometres (8,034 sq mi) to the southeast.[citation needed]
Response: Tourists commonly visit the Masaai Mara; forts at Mombasa, Malindi and Lamu; tea and coffee plantations in Kericho and Thika; Mount Kilimanjaro; and the Swahili Coast.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: What’s a recipe for chimichurri?
Response: Start with parsley as the foundation of the sauce, add salt, pepper, garlic powder, oregano, paprika and a touch of black garlic, finally, add olive oil mixing all spices throughly.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: Name the four members of the Beatles.
Context: The Beatles were an English rock band, formed in Liverpool in 1960, that comprised John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr. They are regarded as the most influential band of all time and were integral to the development of 1960s counterculture and popular music's recognition as an art form. Rooted in skiffle, beat and 1950s rock 'n' roll, their sound incorporated elements of classical music and traditional pop in innovative ways; the band also explored music styles ranging from folk and Indian music to psychedelia and hard rock. As pioneers in recording, songwriting and artistic presentation, the Beatles revolutionised many aspects of the music industry and were often publicised as leaders of the era's youth and sociocultural movements.
Response: John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Who are the most famous artists?
Response: There are many famous artists throughout history and across many mediums such as painting, sculpture and photography. Some of the most famous artists known for their paintings are Leonardo Da Vinci,  Vincent Van Gogh, Pablo Picasso, Claude Monet and Salvador Dali.  Michelangelo is one of the most famous painter's and sculptor's in history.  Ansel Adams is known as one of the most famous photographers of American Landscapes.  Annie Leibovitz is also a famous photographer known for her celebrity portraits.
Category: classification
Instruction: Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Hyoshigi, Ronroco
Response: Ronroco is string, Hyoshigi is percussion.
Category: summarization
Instruction: Who was Jacques Malouin
Context: Jacques Malouin (February 1, 1826 – November 30, 1901) was a lawyer and political figure in Quebec. He represented Quebec-Centre in the House of Commons of Canada from 1877 to 1882 as an Independent member.

He was born in Quebec City, Lower Canada, the son of François-Xavier Rinfret dit Malouin and Marguerite Falardeau. Malouin was admitted to the bar in 1847. He was married twice: to Marie-Angélique Suzor in 1852 and then to Alvine Morriset. Malouin was first elected to the House of Commons in an 1877 by-election held after Joseph-Édouard Cauchon was named Lieutenant-Governor of Manitoba. He was elected again in 1878 but was defeated by Joseph-Guillaume Bossé when he ran for reelection in 1882. Malouin was a member of the council of the Quebec bar and served as bâtonnier in 1869 and 1877. He died in Quebec City at the age of 75.

His son Arthur Cyrille Albert Malouin also represented Quebec-Centre in the House of Commons and later served in the Supreme Court of Canada.
Response: Jacques Malouin (February 1, 1826 – November 30, 1901) was a lawyer and political figure in Quebec. He represented Quebec-Centre in the House of Commons of Canada from 1877 to 1882 as an Independent member.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: Create a comma separated list of the countries involved in the early cultivation of avocados
Context: Persea americana, or the avocado, possibly originated in the Tehuacan Valley in the state of Puebla, Mexico, although fossil evidence suggests similar species were much more widespread millions of years ago. However, there is evidence for three possible separate domestications of the avocado, resulting in the currently recognized Mexican (aoacatl), Guatemalan (quilaoacatl), and West Indian (tlacacolaocatl) landraces. The Mexican and Guatemalan landraces originated in the highlands of those countries, while the West Indian landrace is a lowland variety that ranges from Guatemala, Costa Rica, Colombia, Ecuador to Peru, achieving a wide range through human agency before the arrival of the Europeans. The three separate landraces were most likely to have already intermingled in pre-Columbian America and were described in the Florentine Codex.

The earliest residents of northern coastal Peru were living in temporary camps in an ancient wetland and eating avocados, along with chilies, mollusks, sharks, birds, and sea lions. The oldest discovery of an avocado pit comes from Coxcatlan Cave, dating from around 9,000 to 10,000 years ago. Other caves in the Tehuacan Valley from around the same time period also show early evidence for the presence and consumption of avocado. There is evidence for avocado use at Norte Chico civilization sites in Peru by at least 3,200 years ago and at Caballo Muerto in Peru from around 3,800 to 4,500 years ago.
Response: Mexico, Guatemala, West Indies, Costa Rica, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: What are all the different names for COVID-19 and which one is the most recommended?
Context: During the initial outbreak in Wuhan, the virus and disease were commonly referred to as "coronavirus" and "Wuhan coronavirus", with the disease sometimes called "Wuhan pneumonia". In the past, many diseases have been named after geographical locations, such as the Spanish flu, Middle East respiratory syndrome, and Zika virus. In January 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended 2019-nCoV and 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease as interim names for the virus and disease per 2015 guidance and international guidelines against using geographical locations or groups of people in disease and virus names to prevent social stigma. The official names COVID‑19 and SARS-CoV-2 were issued by the WHO on 11 February 2020 with COVID-19 being shorthand for "coronavirus disease 2019". The WHO additionally uses "the COVID‑19 virus" and "the virus responsible for COVID‑19" in public communications.
Response: Here are a list of names for COVID-19 that were mentioned: coronavirus, Wuhan coronavirus, Wuhan pneumonia, 2019-nCoV, 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, COVID‑19, SARS-CoV-2, the COVID‑19 virus, the virus responsible for COVID‑19.

The official names COVID‑19 and SARS-CoV-2 were issued by the WHO on 11 February 2020, but they also use "the COVID‑19 virus" and "the virus responsible for COVID‑19" in public communications.

Based on this information, the most recommended name is COVID-19.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: how to do a self-diagnose of burning out?
Response: Examples to look out for burning out including: Inability to stop thinking about work even when you’re not at work; Relationships with either co-workers or families and friends suffer; Feeling unexplained aches and pains; You spend lots of money outsourcing various personal tasks; Feeling mentally strained- with no plans for vacations; You wonder where you’ll be in the future.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: Based on the passage provided, what does Brene Brown's research focus on?
Context: Casandra Brené Brown (born November 18, 1965) is an American professor, lecturer, author, and podcast host. Brown is known in particular for her research on shame, vulnerability, and leadership, and for her widely viewed TEDx talk in 2010. Since then she has written six number-one New York Times bestselling books, hosts two podcasts, and has filmed a lecture for Netflix as well as a series about her latest book, Atlas of the Heart on HBO Max.
Response: Brene Brown's research focuses on shame, vulnerability, and leadership.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: According to this paragraph about the University of Virginia, where did Edgar Allan Poe live during his time at the university?
Context: It is considered a great honor to be invited to live on The Lawn, and 54 fourth-year undergraduates do so each year, joining ten members of the faculty who permanently live and teach in the Pavilions there. Similarly, graduate students may live on The Range. Edgar Allan Poe formerly lived in 13 West Range, and since 1904 the Raven Society has retrofitted and preserved his room much as it may have existed in the 1820s.
Response: Edgar Allen Poe lived in 13 West Range on The Lawn at the University of Virginia.
Category: summarization
Instruction: Explain to me what a rainbow actually is?
Context: A rainbow is an optical phenomenon that can occur under certain meteorological conditions. It is caused by reflection, refraction and dispersion of light in water droplets resulting in an effect similar to a spectrum of light appearing in the sky. It takes the form of a multicolored circular arc. Rainbows caused by sunlight always appear in the section of sky directly opposite the Sun.
Response: A rainbow is an optical phenomenon that occurs by sunlight appearing in the section of the sky directly opposite of the sun.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: What are some common errors when using Kafka with Spark?
Response: Common errors include issues with configuration settings, such as the bootstrap servers or topic names. Other issues may arise from incompatibility between the Kafka and Spark versions or network connectivity problems.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is an apple?
Response: An apple is an edible fruit produced by an apple tree. Apple trees are cultivated worldwide and are the most widely grown species in the genus Malus.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What ancient organization invented the concept of Democracy?
Response: Democracy was invented by the Ancient Greeks
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What are popular street foods from Maharashtra in India
Response: Some of the most popular street food list is Vada Pav, Misal Pav, Kanda Bhaji, Pav Bhaji , Sabudana Vada and Sabudana Khichadi. All of these are primarily vegetarian.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: As of 2022, how many member states make up the European Union?
Context: The European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of 27 member states that are signatories to the founding treaties of the union and thereby share in the privileges and obligations of membership.
Response: 27
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: What are some of the uses of gilding metal?
Context: Gilding metal is a form of brass (an alloy of copper and zinc) with a much higher copper content than zinc content. Exact figures range from 95% copper and 5% zinc to “8 parts copper to 1 of zinc” (11% zinc) in British Army Dress Regulations.

Gilding metal is used for various purposes, including the jackets of bullets, driving bands on some artillery shells, as well as enameled badges and other jewellery. The sheet is widely used for craft metalworking by hammer working. It is also used particularly as a lower-cost training material for silversmiths. Starting in 1944, shell casings made of gilding metal were melted down by the United States Mint to be made into pennies. These pennies replaced the less popular steel cent of 1943, and the pennies of this composition were produced until 1946.

Gilding metal was also used for the "bronze" Olympic medal at the 2020 Summer Olympics held in Tokyo, Japan in 2021.

Gilding metal may be annealed by heating to between 800–1,450 °F (427–788 °C). It should be cooled slowly afterwards, to reduce risk of cracking.
Response: Army Dress, weapons, metalworking, penny production, and Olympic medals
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Who was the first president of the United States?
Response: George Washington was the first president of the United States.  He served from 1789 - 1997 and was also a military officer.  One of things he is known for is ratifying the US constitution which replaced the articles of confederation.  This happened in 1789.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: How many times did Gordie Howe retire?
Context: Howe retired for the first time in 1971 and was immediately inducted into the Saskatchewan Sports Hall of Fame that same year. He was then inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame the next year, but came back two years later to join his sons Mark and Marty on the Houston Aeros of the WHA. Although in his mid-40s, he scored over 100 points twice in six years, won two straight Avco World Trophies (1974 and 1975) and was named most valuable player in 1974. He made a brief return to the NHL in 1979–80, playing one season with the Hartford Whalers, then retired at age 52. His involvement with the WHA was central to their brief pre-NHL merger success, forcing the NHL to recruit European talent and expand to new markets.
Response: Based on the provided information, Howe retired two times.

Howe retired for the first time in 1971, but then later joined his sons Mark and Marty on the Houston Aeros of the WHA. Howe would then return to the NHL in 1979 where he played one season before retiring for a second time.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Name some popular American wine brands.
Response: Josh, E&J Gallo, Justin, Chateau Ste. Michelle, Little Penguin, Franzia, Sutter Home
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Give me a list of recommendations to quickly heal from an achilles rupture surgery.
Response: Get plenty of rest
Stay off the injured leg
Keep the foot elevated above the heart
Take medication to keep inflammation down
Ice the area to reduce swelling
Brace the ankle and foot, and point the toe down in a plantar flexion position
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is ice cream
Response: Ice cream is a frozen dessert, typically made from milk or cream and flavored with a sweetener, either sugar or an alternative, and a spice, such as cocoa or vanilla, or with fruit such as strawberries or peaches. It can also be made by whisking a flavored cream base and liquid nitrogen together. Food coloring is sometimes added, in addition to stabilizers. The mixture is cooled below the freezing point of water and stirred to incorporate air spaces and to prevent detectable ice crystals from forming. The result is a smooth, semi-solid foam that is solid at very low temperatures (below 2 °C or 35 °F). It becomes more malleable as its temperature increases.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Imagine you are walking alone on the sidewalk of a residential street, and a large dog comes running toward you. It does not look aggressive, but it is also showing no fear. What might be an appropriate course of action.
Response: Because you are in a residential area, it is likely that the dog is someone's lost pet. If you are comfortable around dogs, it would be good to allow the dog to come close enough to you that you can see whether it has a collar and tags, and if so, to contact the owner listed on the tags. If the dog has no identification, it might be best to call animal control. And of course, be wary of signs of aggression, including any symptoms of rabies.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: What are all the positions in hockey?
Response: In hockey there are six distinct positions for players: center, left wing, right wing, left defense, right defense, and goalkeeper.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Why do we still use vacuum tubes in modern electric guitar amplifier?
Response: The vacuum tube, electron tube, valve of simply tube is a technology that was developed at the beginning of the 1900. Its primary purpose was to perform fundamental electronic functions such as signal amplification and current rectification. The invention of the transistor, a semi-conductor device,  in the 1940s presented a better, safer, smaller and more efficient alternative to the vacuum tube. The transistor also have the advantages of being more reliable that the vacuum tube. Despite its inconvenient, the tube remains favoured by many audiophiles and musicians. 
In electric guitar amplification, the tube produces pleasing harmonics when pushed into saturation. The tube generally offers a softer clipping characteristics compared to bipolar transistor when the amplification gain is pushed. It is also known to react extremely well to the guitar player dynamic ranging from clean sparkly sound, when barely touching the guitar strings, to crunch and distortion when entering saturation.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: When was HMS Glowworm (H92), a G-class destroyer launched?
Context: Glowworm, was briefly the name of a coastal destroyer launched on 12 December 1906 and renamed HMS TB7. It was sold in May 1921.
HMS Glowworm (1916), an Insect-class gunboat, launched on 5 February 1916 and sold in 1928.
HMS Glowworm (H92), a G-class destroyer launched on 22 July 1935, sunk on 8 April 1940 by the German heavy cruiser Admiral Hipper off Norway.
Glowworm was allocated to a G-class destroyer under construction at the William Denny shipyard at Dumbarton in 1945. The vessel was originally called HMS Guinevere but was renamed in September 1945 to HMS Glowworm, and renamed again in October to HMS Gift. Construction was cancelled on 1 December 1945 before completion.
Response: The HMS Glowworm (H92), a G-class was launched in July 22nd, 1935.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What are the options to get from South Shields to North Shields by public transport and which is the quickest option
Response: There are 3 options to get from South Shields to North Shields.  1) Take the Shields Ferry from South Shields to North Fields, 2) take the Metro Yellow Line from South Shields to Jarrow and at Jarrow transfer to the number 10 bus to North Shields, 3) take the Metro Yellow Line from South Shields towards St James via Whitley Bay, getting off at the North Shields stop.  The quickest option is the Shields Ferry, which takes approximately 35 minutes
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Why do hindus worship idols?
Response: Religion is man made. History teaches us that Religion was invented to separate humans and create a fear. Religion and Faith are different. Hinduism is not a religion but on the contrary it is a way of life. There is no one leader or master in hinduism like in christianity or islam and it is totally inclusive. Anyone can call themselves a hindu and no one will balk at them. The qualities we admire in humans that we wish to pursue cannot be easily manifested. Thus an idol sometimes takes it's place. As an example the monkey god is known for courage. So anytime you need to stand up you pray to the monkey god. The elephant god is for good beginnings. So start your day with a prayer to elephant god. Thus you have 1000's of idols each representing a specific character in humans.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Why is breaking up so hard to do?
Response: Being in a relationship always has ups and downs, but ending a relationship is one of the hardest things humans do because we often feel the loss of hope and uncertainty about the future. We become familiar with having a person in our lives and they often feel like a safety net, so losing that sense of safety is scary. Ultimately, we have to do what is best for our own well being and move on. One might find comfort on spending time with friends and family and a strong support network during this difficult time.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: Based on this paragraph, what might be some appealing things about Bloomington?
Context: Bloomington is a city in and the county seat of Monroe County, Indiana, United States. It is the seventh-largest city in Indiana and the fourth-largest outside the Indianapolis metropolitan area. According to the Monroe County History Center, Bloomington is known as the "Gateway to Scenic Southern Indiana". The city was established in 1818 by a group of settlers from Kentucky, Tennessee, the Carolinas, and Virginia who were so impressed with "a haven of blooms" that they called it Bloomington.
Response: Bloomington appears to be a scenic place with natural beauty such as fields of flowers. As the fourth largest city in Indiana outside of Indianapolis, it may be a small and quiet town which may be appealing to those looking for a laid back place to spend time.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Based on this paragraph, which two objects account for the majority of the mass of the Solar System?
Context: The Solar System is the gravitationally bound system of the Sun and the objects that orbit it. It formed 4.6 billion years ago from the gravitational collapse of a giant interstellar molecular cloud. The vast majority (99.86%) of the system's mass is in the Sun, with most of the remaining mass contained in the planet Jupiter. The planetary system around the Sun contains eight planets. The four inner system planets—Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars—are terrestrial planets, being composed primarily of rock and metal. The four giant planets of the outer system are substantially larger and more massive than the terrestrials. The two largest, Jupiter and Saturn, are gas giants, being composed mainly of hydrogen and helium; the next two, Uranus and Neptune, are ice giants, being composed mostly of volatile substances with relatively high melting points compared with hydrogen and helium, such as water, ammonia, and methane. All eight planets have nearly circular orbits that lie near the plane of Earth's orbit, called the ecliptic.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_System
Response: Based on this paragraph, the Sun and Jupiter are the two objects that account for the majority of the mass of the Solar System, with the Sun responsible for 99.86% of the total.
Category: creative_writing
Instruction: Are there rules that you should live by to be happy?
Response: There are 6 rules of life that work like laws of nature and can help you live a happier and more content life. It doesn't matter if you like or understand the rules or if you want to follow them or not. It is like with the gravity - it is always valid. If a stone falls on your foot, it hurts, whether you like this rule or not. The 6 rules of life are to be understood in the same way - you can observe and apply them or you can ignore them, it doesn't matter for the rules, they are valid in any case and will have an effect on your life, no matter how you estimate it. The 6 rules are: 1. you have only x-days to live, you decide what to do with it. 2. accept what is, judging is voluntary. 3. your life knows only the now. 4. you can only change one person: Yourself. 5. learn to love the most important person: you. 6. your brain is the ultimate power: use it with intention.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Where is Smuggler Cove Shell Midden located?
Context: The Smuggler Cove Shell Midden (Smithsonian trinomial: 35TI46) is an archeological site located in Oswald West State Park near Neahkahnie Beach, Oregon, United States. First documented by archeologists in 1976, the midden has been found to contain remains of mussels, barnacles, and chiton to a depth of approximately 30 centimeters (12 in). Radiocarbon dating of a single sample of shell debris indicates that the Smuggler Cove campsite was occupied around 1660 CE, approximately the same date as the supposed wreck of a European ship at nearby Nehalem Spit, suggesting the site may preserve information from both before and after first contact between local people and Europeans. The site has been heavily damaged by construction of recreational facilities and coastal erosion, but a significant portion remains with potential to contribute to future research. Data generated from the site may help answer questions related to environmental change in the Oregon Coast region, settlement and subsistence patterns, emergence of ethnographic patterns among coastal people, the change in cultural patterns from before to after contact with European Americans, and other topics.
Response: Smuggler Cove shell Midden is located in Oswald West State Park near Neahkahnie Beach in Oregon, United States.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: Do you think depression ran in Wittgenstein's family?
Context: Born in Vienna into one of Europe's richest families, Ludwig Wittgenstein inherited a fortune from his father in 1913. Before World War I, he "made a very generous financial bequest to a group of poets and artists chosen by Ludwig von Ficker, the editor of Der Brenner, from artists in need. These included Trakl as well as Rainer Maria Rilke and the architect Adolf Loos." Later, in a period of severe personal depression after World War I, he gave away his remaining fortune to his brothers and sisters. Three of his four older brothers died by separate acts of suicide. Wittgenstein left academia several times: serving as an officer on the front line during World War I, where he was decorated a number of times for his courage; teaching in schools in remote Austrian villages, where he encountered controversy for using sometimes violent corporal punishment on girls and a boy (the Haidbauer incident) especially during mathematics classes; working during World War II as a hospital porter in London, notably telling patients not to take the drugs they were prescribed; and working as a hospital laboratory technician at the Royal Victoria Infirmary in Newcastle upon Tyne. He later expressed remorse for these incidents, and spent the remainder of his life lecturing and attempting to prepare a second manuscript for publication, which was published posthumously as the hugely influential Philosophical Investigations.
Response: Depression is a mental health issue which can sometimes lead to suicide. It is known to run in families. Ludwig Wittgenstein personally experienced at least one period of severe depression and three of his four older brothers died by separate acts of suicide. Based on the fact that so many of Wittgenstein's immediate family members experienced depression or died by suicide, I think it is fair to say depression ran in Wittgenstein's family.
Category: summarization
Instruction: Is it true that Lewis Hamilton won the championship in his first F1 season?
Context: Hamilton's first season in Formula One saw him partner two-time and defending World Champion Fernando Alonso. Hamilton is the first and, as of 2022, the only black driver to race in the series. After finishing on the podium in his debut, Hamilton went on to set several records as he finished runner-up in the 2007 World Drivers' Championship to Kimi Räikkönen by one point, including those for the most consecutive podium finishes from debut (9), the joint most wins in a debut season (4) and the most points in a debut season (109). Throughout the season, Hamilton and Alonso were involved in a number of incidents which resulted in tensions between both drivers and the team, culminating in Alonso and McLaren terminating their contract by mutual consent in November. Following a successful first season at McLaren, Hamilton signed a multi-million-pound contract to stay with the team until 2012.
Response: Lewis Hamilton did not win the F1 world driver's championship in his rookie season in 2007. The title went to Kimi Räikkönen in the Ferrari team. Hamilton finished runner up, in second place, after a close battle with both Ferrari and his teammate Fernando Alonso.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Why is the 1980 gold medal match in hockey called the 'Miracle on Ice'?
Response: The US Olympic hockey team was a heavy underdog against the Soviets in 1980, and their victory over the Soviets was a surprise to nearly everyone. As the game concluded, Al Michaels, the play-by-play announcer for the game, exclaimed "Do you believe in miracles? Yes!', and because many people around the world watched the game on television, the game became known as the 'Miracle on Ice'.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: When is the best time to see cherry blossom in Japan?
Response: The best time to visit Japan for cherry blossoms is around late March through early May, depending on the prefecture.  There are a number of factors that influene when the blooming will take place each year such as temperature and rain.
Category: classification
Instruction: Identify which car manufacturer is French or American: Alpine, Cadillac
Response: Cadillac is American, Alpine is French
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What are Marge's sisters named on the Simpsons
Response: Patty & Selma
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: What are some unique curtain tie backs that you can make yourself?
Response: There are many items you can use to make a curtain tie back. Some ideas for this include a chain, a circle and pin, jute rope, wooden beaded rope, a necklack or bracelet, a door knob, a length of a leather belt, macrame rope, or a string of artificial flowers.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: What is Ramadan?
Context: disambiguation).
Ramadan
رَمَضَان
Ramadan montage.jpg
From top, left to right: A crescent moon over Sarıçam, Turkey, marking the beginning of the Islamic month of Ramadan. Ramadan Quran reading in Bandar Torkaman, Iran. Community Iftar meal in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, Tarawah prayers in a mosque in West Sumatra, Indonesia. Foods served at a traditional Iftar meal. Ramadan decorations in Jerusalem. Zakat donation boxes in Taipei, Taiwan.
Also called	
Albanian: Ramazani
Azerbaijani: Ramazan
Bosnian: Ramazan
Bengali: রমজান, romanized: Rômzan / Rômjan
Hindi: रमज़ान, romanized: Ramzān
Kurdish: ڕەمەزان, romanized: Remezan
Persian: رمضان, romanized: Ramazān
Malay: Puasa
Pashto: روژه, romanized: Rozha
Punjabi: رمضان / ਰਮਜ਼ਾਨ, romanized: Ramzān
Somali: Rabadaan or Rabmadaan
Thai: เราะมะฎอน, romanized: Romadon
Turkish: Ramazan
Sindhi: روزو
Urdu: رمضان, romanized: Ramzān
Zazaki: Remezan
Observed by	Muslims
Type	Religious
Celebrations	Community iftars and Community prayers
Observances	
Sawm (fasting)
Zakat and sadaqah (alms giving)
Commemorating Qadr Night
Reading the Quran
Abstaining from all bad deeds and staying humble
Taraweeh prayer (Sunni Muslims)
Begins	At the last night of the month of Sha'ban
Ends	At the last night of the month of Ramadan
Date	Variable (follows the Islamic lunar calendar)
2023 date	22 March – 21 April
Frequency	Annual (lunar calendar)
Related to	Eid al-Fitr, Qadr Night
Ramadan (Arabic: رَمَضَان, romanized: Ramaḍān [ra.ma.dˤaːn]; also spelled Ramazan, Ramzan, Ramadhan or Ramathan) is the ninth month of the Islamic calendar, observed by Muslims worldwide as a month of fasting (sawm), prayer, reflection and community. A commemoration of Muhammad's first revelation, the annual observance of Ramadan is regarded as one of the Five Pillars of Islam and lasts twenty-nine to thirty days, from one sighting of the crescent moon to the next.

Fasting from dawn to sunset is fard (obligatory) for all adult Muslims who are not acutely or chronically ill, travelling, elderly, breastfeeding, diabetic, or menstruating. The predawn meal is referred to as suhur, and the nightly feast that breaks the fast is called iftar. Although fatwas have been issued declaring that Muslims who live in regions with a midnight sun or polar night should follow the timetable of Mecca, it is common practice to follow the timetable of the closest country in which night can be distinguished from day.
Response: Ramadan is the holy month of fasting observed by Muslims yearly all over the world.During this month Muslims abstain from food from dawn till dusk for 29 days. Ramadan is also one of the key pillars of Islam.
Category: classification
Instruction: Identify which instrument is string or woodwind: Diplica, Kontra
Response: Kontra is string, Diplica is woodwind.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Given the paragraph, what is the term budgie smuggler colloquially use to describe?
Context: A swim brief or racing brief is any briefs-style male swimsuit such as those worn in competitive swimming, diving and water polo. The popularity of the Australian Speedo brand racing brief has led to the use of its name in many countries around the world to refer to any racing brief, regardless of the maker. Occasionally, the speedo genericized trademark is applied to square cut swimsuits,[citation needed] but in general the generic term is used in reference to swimming briefs. Swim briefs are also referred to as competition briefs, swimming trunks, bathers, togs, racer bathers, posing briefs, racing briefs, and colloquially in Australia, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom as "budgie smugglers".

Like underwear briefs, swim briefs feature a triangular shaped front and a solid back providing form-fitting coverage. They typically are worn below the lower waist. They are generally secured by thin banding at the upper thighs, and a drawstring around the waist and/or an elastic waistband. Swim briefs are often made of a nylon and spandex (Lycra) composite, while some longer-lasting suits are made from polyester and still others from other materials. Most swim briefs have a beige or white front lining made of a similar fabric.
Response: In Australia, New Zealand and United Kingdom a "budgie smuggler" is used to describe a swimming brief
Category: classification
Instruction: Of these senior crew members of the HMS Bounty, which turned out to be mutineers and which were loyalists:  William Bligh, John Fryer, Fletcher Christian, William Cole, William Peckover, William Purcell, William Elphinstone, Thomas Ledward, John Hallett, Thomas Hayward
Response: William Bligh - Loyalist
John Fryer - Loyalist
Fletcher Christian - Mutineer
William Cole - Loyalist
William Peckover - Loyalist
William Purcell - Loyalist
William Elphinstone - Loyalist
Thomas Ledward - Loyalist
John Hallett - Loyalist
Thomas Hayward - Loyalist
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Make a packing list for a picnic at the beach.
Response: You should bring the following items for a picnic at the beach: Sunscreen, sunglasses, beach towels, umbrella, folding beach chairs, ice chest, drinks, ice, sandwiches, chips and salsa.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: What is caramelization?
Response: Caramelization is a chemical process that happens to carbohydrates and sugars when they are heated to certain temperatures. At these temperatures new compounds are formed and browning happens. For example during caramelization, complex sugars degrade to simple sugars. Caramelization is an important process in cooking and shows ups in many common recipes
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Provide a list of benefits of flying first class.
Response: The following are benefits of flying first class:
1. Checked bags are free
2. More comfortable seats
3. Additional leg room
4. Free alcohol on the plane
5. Better food on the plane
6. Boarding and exiting the plane first
Category: classification
Instruction: Identify which animal is domesticated or wild: Horse, Red deer
Response: Red deer is wild, Horse is domesticated
Category: classification
Instruction: Which is a species of fish? Icefish or Iceberg
Response: Icefish
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: From the passage provided, extract the year in which Elizabeth Taylor moved to Los Angeles
Context: Dame Elizabeth Rosemond Taylor DBE (February 27, 1932 – March 23, 2011) was a British-American actress. She began her career as a child actress in the early 1940s and was one of the most popular stars of classical Hollywood cinema in the 1950s. She then became the world's highest paid movie star in the 1960s, remaining a well-known public figure for the rest of her life. In 1999, the American Film Institute named her the seventh-greatest female screen legend of Classic Hollywood cinema.

Born in London to socially prominent American parents, Taylor moved with her family to Los Angeles in 1939. She made her acting debut with a minor role in the Universal Pictures film There's One Born Every Minute (1942), but the studio ended her contract after a year. She was then signed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and became a popular teen star after appearing in National Velvet (1944). She transitioned to mature roles in the 1950s, when she starred in the comedy Father of the Bride (1950) and received critical acclaim for her performance in the drama A Place in the Sun (1951). She starred in "Ivanhoe" with Robert Taylor and Joan Fontaine. (1952). Despite being one of MGM's most bankable stars, Taylor wished to end her career in the early 1950s. She resented the studio's control and disliked many of the films to which she was assigned. She began receiving more enjoyable roles in the mid-1950s, beginning with the epic drama Giant (1956), and starred in several critically and commercially successful films in the following years. These included two film adaptations of plays by Tennessee Williams: Cat on a Hot Tin Roof (1958), and Suddenly, Last Summer (1959); Taylor won a Golden Globe for Best Actress for the latter. Although she disliked her role as a call girl in BUtterfield 8 (1960), her last film for MGM, she won the Academy Award for Best Actress for her performance.
Response: Elizabeth Taylor moved to Los Angeles in the year 1939
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Why is driving in convertibles fun?
Response: Many people find driving in convertibles fun because it can be perceived as a status symbol. Convertibles tend to evoke a certain energy, both externally and internally.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is the largest American city by population?
Response: New York City is the largest US city
Category: open_qa
Instruction: why pluto is not a planet?
Response: The IAU (International Astronomical Union) terms a an object in a solar system as planet if it meets following 3 criteria:
1) The object must orbit around the Sun.
2) The object must have sufficient mass to assume hydrostatic equilibrium (a nearly round shape).
3) The object have cleared the neighborhood around its orbit.

Pluto meets the first 2 criteria but fails to meet the third. Hence, Pluto has been categorized as a dwarf planet.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Who was given the Booker Prize 2020?
Response: Douglas Stuart
Category: open_qa
Instruction: in which city was the first public opera house opened
Response: Venice
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Why is Santa Cruz, California a great place to live?
Response: Santa Cruz, California has one of the best climates in the continental U.S. – being close to the Pacific Ocean, temperatures stay warmer in the winters and cooler in the summers, but without the dreaded fog that nearby cities like San Francisco or Monterey experience. The small city is world-famous for surfing, and the relaxed vibe that comes with it. Natural beauty is abundant, with the mountains and beach only a few miles apart.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Given a reference text about the 35th Filipino Academy of Movie Arts and Sciences Awards Night, tell me who won the best actor award.
Context: The 35th Filipino Academy of Movie Arts and Sciences Awards Night was held on May 6, 1988 at the Manila Hotel Fiesta Pavilion in the Philippines, honoring the best films of 1987.

Saan Nagtatago ang Pag-ibig won the most awards with four wins including the most coveted FAMAS Award for Best Picture Three people were elevated to the "Hall Of Fame" status after winning their respective categories five times. They were Fernando Poe Jr. for best actor, Augusto Salvador for editing and George Canseco for musical score. This is the second time for Canseco who was earlier inducted to the Hall of Fame for winning five time in the Theme Song Category.
Response: Fernando Poe Jr. won the best actor award at the 35th Filipino Academy of Movie Arts and Sciences Awards Night.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: what is the speed limit on the UK M1 Road?
Response: In the UK, the M1 is considered as a motorway, the speed limits on motorways is 70 miles per hour.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is the difference between algebra and calculus?
Response: Algebra and Calculus are closely related as much as one has to constantly use algebra while doing calculus. Being familiar with algebra, makes one feel comfortable with calculus. Algebra will let you grasp topics in calculus better and vice versa. But we can also do an analysis of algebra vs calculus. 
Algebra focuses on solving equations whereas calculus is primarily focused on the rate of change of functions.The two main operations of calculus are differentiation (find the rate of change of a function) and integration (find the area under a curve of a function).  Calculus deals with operations on functions and their derivatives whereas algebra deals with operations on variables and numbers
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Should I use a dynamic microphone or a condenser microphone for recording a podcast? What about streaming on twitch or making youtube videos? Should I ever use a ribbon microphone?
Response: The most important factor when deciding on a microphone is the environment where you will be recording. Each microphone technology was developed for a certain kind of environment.

Condenser microphones like the Blue Yeti are designed to record their entire environment with the utmost clarity. If your environment is noisy then the microphone audio will be noisy. But if the environment has been acoustically treated then the recording will sound detailed and clear. 

Dynamic microphones like the Shure SM7B are designed to record sounds spoken within a 18 inches of the front of the microphone. All other sounds will be quieter and less detailed. If the environment is noisy then the microphone audio will tend to mute out sound that comes from off-axis. If the environment is quiet then the audio will sound good, but only if the person or instrument being recorded is within 18 inches of the microphone.

A ribbon microphone is designed to capture extremely loud percussion sounds, usually from drums or brass instruments. They are not suitable for recording human voices as they tend to emphasize frequencies not usually associated with the human voice.
Category: summarization
Instruction: What is Time magazine?
Context: Time (stylized in all caps) is an American news magazine based in New York City. For nearly a century, it was published weekly, but starting in March 2020 it transitioned to every other week. It was first published in New York City on March 3, 1923, and for many years it was run by its influential co-founder, Henry Luce. A European edition (Time Europe, formerly known as Time Atlantic) is published in London and also covers the Middle East, Africa, and, since 2003, Latin America. An Asian edition (Time Asia) is based in Hong Kong. The South Pacific edition, which covers Australia, New Zealand, and the Pacific Islands, is based in Sydney.

Since 2018, Time has been owned by Salesforce founder Marc Benioff, who acquired it from Meredith Corporation. Benioff currently publishes the magazine through the company Time USA, LLC.
Response: An American news magazine, based in New York City since March 3,1923, published every week since and every other week since March 2020. Initially it was run by it's co-founder, Henry Luce but since 2018, it has been owned by Salesforce founder Marc Benioff, who publishes it through the company Time USA, LLC.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Should I immigrate to Canada?
Response: Canada is the third largest country in the world by landmass. It set a record in 2022 for most immigrants into the country, in large part to public health system, quality of living, and low crime rates. That said, Canada is experiencing very high real estate prices in major cities like Toronto and Vancouver due to lack of supply, making it very difficult for families to get ahead.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: What is the medical procedure PRP?
Response: PRP stands for platelet enriched plasma. the patient's own blood is extracted, centrifuged, and the extracted plasma is reinjected at the target site. It is used to treat a variety of inflammation disorders and to encourage growth. It is not yet FDA approved, but has been shown to lead to statistically significant improvements in mobility and comfort. The mechanism of improvement is not understood, but it is hypothesized that growth factors from platelets are involved. PRP is used to treat joint inflammation, skin conditions, and hair loss.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: How much snow feel in the California Sierra mountains in 2023?
Response: In 2023, California recorded the over 700" of snow, the second heaviest amount ever recorded.