fedml/databricks-dolly-15k-niid huggingface dataset:
Category: general_qa
Instruction: What are some pro tips when cold calling?
Response: Cold calling is more art than science. The primary mistake people make when cold calling is in defining what success looks like.  For most sales roles, the goal of a cold call is to establish rapport, not to book an order.  Think about it - when was the last time you purchased something by phone the first time you were contacted?  Odds are that several follow ups were required before you were ready to buy, no matter how qualified a buyer you appeared to be.  

Establishing rapport means getting your prospect to open up, because he/she has determined that you are worth the time to do so.  So the keys to establishing rapport are simple:  be courteous and respectful, provide appropriate context, and be OPEN.   Let's consider each of these individually.  First, courtesy and respect- after briefly introducing yourself, ask the prospect if now is a good time to talk for a few minutes?  We've all experienced the annoyance of a caller who dives right into the conversation immediately after hearing a "hello".  Be respectful of your prospect's schedule and give him/her an "out."  If it's not a good time, you're not going to have a successful call no matter what you try.  

Next, provide appropriate context.  Don't assume he/she knows nothing about what you are trying to sell. If that were the case, this prospect wouldn't be a very good target for you! Prepare a short introductory statement that can be delivered in a genuine way with a friendly tone.  For example, "I'm with ACME Mobile Window Repair and wanted to share some spring promotions with you - have you seen our trucks around your neighborhood?"  Setting context will help build rapport by providing a clear understanding of why you are calling, and what you hope to get out of the conversation.  Successful sales people are very comfortable with the fact that they are trying to sell something.  Own it, but do so in a low key and friendly way, and this will help lower the defenses of your prospect if he/she sounds guarded

Lastly, be open.  This means open to going off script, open to hearing about competition or open to negative impressions of what you're selling.  An open dialogue allows room for questions, both from you and from your prospect.     Think about an enjoyable conversation you've had lately.  Was it a natural back and forth, with questions posed and answers provided?  Did the questions take the conversation into a deeper dialogue?  A successful cold call is one that feels like a natural conversation about a topic of shared interest. If your prospect goes off on a tangent, don't redirect too soon, or better yet - ask a question - "I'm curious - What made you think of carpets when I mentioned windows?"  If he/she goes negative about your offering, ask another question  - "What in your experience has caused you to feel this way?"  

Cold calling is a skill that can improve with practice.  The more comfortable you are being courteous, setting context, and remaining open, the better your sales outcomes will be.   And it never hurts to smile - even over the phone!
Category: classification
Instruction: Classify each of the following as either a brass or woodwind instrument: flute, clarinet, oboe, trombone, trumpet, and tuba.
Response: -Woodwind instruments: flute, clarinet, and oboe
-Brass instruments: trombone, trumpet, and tuba
Category: creative_writing
Instruction: Write a brief passage on how to make french toast
Response: In order to make a french toast, you need egg, vanilla extract, cinnamon, milk and few slices of bread. To start with, beat an egg along with one teaspoon of vanilla essence and a pinch of cinnamon. Add 1/4 cup of milk and stir the contents. Dip the bread slices in the mixture so that both sides of the bread are covered evenly. Heat a nonstick griddle and grease it lightly with butter. Place the bread on the griddle until it is brown on both sides. Serve it with maple syrup. Your delicious french toast is ready!
Category: classification
Instruction: Classify each of the following as either characters from books by Anne Rice or Stephanie Meyer: Lestat de Lioncourt, Memnoch, Lasher, Armand, Yvette, Bella Swan, Edward Cullen, Jacob Black, Melanie Stryder, The Seeker
Response: Characters from Anne Rice books: Lestat de Lioncourt, Memnoch, Lasher, Armand, Yvette
Characters from Stephanie Meyer books: Bella Swan, Edward Cullen, Jacob Black, Melanie Stryder, The Seeker
Category: classification
Instruction: Identify which animal species is alive or extinct: Polacanthus, Olive Ridley Turtle
Response: Olive Ridley Turtle is alive, Polacanthus is extinct.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: How many oceans in the world?
Response: There are 7 oceans in the world
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: What are some good places to go on a surf trip?
Response: Some favorite spots for a surf trip include:
-Hawaii
-Southern California
-Baja California
-Bali, Indonesia,
-Tamarindo, Costa Rica
-Sydney, Australia
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: What are some fun ways to keep a toddler busy?
Response: 1. If you have a spare box and some colored plastic balls, one idea is to cut holes in the box and color a ring around each hole to match a color of ball. Mount the box and show your little one how to drop each ball into its matching hole. 

2. If you have a spare toothbrush and a yellow dry erase marker, you can work teach some teeth brushing skills in a fun way! Draw a big toothy smile and color in the lips and gums leaving the teeth bright white. Cover it up with clear tape or hard plastic wrap and cut it out.  Color the teeth with the yellow marker and have your little one brush it clean.

3. Teach some valuable life skills and keep your little one entertained by getting a kid-safe knife and having him or her cut fruits.
Category: classification
Instruction: Which of the following are characters from Harry Potter: Hermione Granger, Harry Potter, Ron Weasley, Dobby, Draco Malfoy, Severus Snape, Professor Dumbledore, Luna Lovegood, Indiana Jones, Darth Vader, Jack Sparrow, Terminator, Batman, Superman, Joker, Gollum.
Response: Hermione Granger, Harry Potter, Ron Weasley, Dobby, Draco Malfoy, Severus Snape, Professor Dumbledore, Luna Lovegood are from Harry Potter.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What size of snowboard should I use?
Response: The size of snowboard you should use is based on many different factors such as the skill of the rider, the weight and height of the rider, as well as the type of terrain you plan on riding. It is best to consult the manufacturer of the snowboard maker in order to make the best decision on the size of snowboard to use.
Category: summarization
Instruction: What is the length of a championship rowing race?
Context: Rowing, sometimes called crew in the United States, is the sport of racing boats using oars. It differs from paddling sports in that rowing oars are attached to the boat using oarlocks, while paddles are not connected to the boat. Rowing is divided into two disciplines: sculling and sweep rowing. In sculling, each rower holds two oars—one in each hand, while in sweep rowing each rower holds one oar with both hands. There are several boat classes in which athletes may compete, ranging from single sculls, occupied by one person, to shells with eight rowers and a coxswain, called eights. There are a wide variety of course types and formats of racing, but most elite and championship level racing is conducted on calm water courses 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) long with several lanes marked using buoys.
Response: Championship rowing races are conducted over 2 kilometers (1.2 miles) with dedicated lanes delineated by bouys.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: Which of the following cast members have names that start with the letters A, B or P?
Context: Balraj Sahni as Abdul Rehman Khan
Sonu as Mini
Usha Kiran as Rama, Mini's mother
Padma
Laxmi
Sarita Devi
Anwari Bai
Leela Agha
Baby Farida
Asit Sen as Bhola
Response: Balraj Sahni, Padma, Anwari Bai, Baby Farida, Asit Sen
Category: summarization
Instruction: Who is Jeffrey Archer?
Context: Jeffrey Howard Archer, Baron Archer of Weston-super-Mare (born 15 April 1940) is an English novelist, life peer and former politician. Before becoming an author, Archer was a Member of Parliament (1969–1974), but did not seek re-election after a financial scandal that left him almost bankrupt.

Archer revived his fortunes as a novelist. His 1979 novel Kane and Abel remains one of the best-selling books in the world, with an estimated 34 million copies sold worldwide. Overall his books have sold more than 320 million copies worldwide.

Archer became deputy chairman of the Conservative Party (1985–86), before resigning after a newspaper accused him of paying money to a prostitute. In 1987, he won a court case and was awarded large damages because of this claim. He was made a life peer in 1992 and subsequently became Conservative candidate to be the first elected Mayor of London. He resigned his candidacy in 1999 after it emerged that he had lied in his 1987 libel case. He was imprisoned (2001–2003) for perjury and perverting the course of justice, ending his active political career.
Response: Jeffrey Archer is British Author and was also British Parliament member.One of his most famous books include Kane & Abel.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What's funny about the phrase "Why was Dumbo sad? He felt irrelephant."
Response: The phrase "Why was Dumbo sad? He felt irrelephant" is funny because Dumbo is an elephant and that word sounds like irrelevant. The phrase is a pun.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is Debezium?
Response: Debezium is a change data capture (CDC) tool for capturing CDC change logs from databases related to updates, deletes, and inserts to source tables.  Debezium can access these logs and that information can be used downstream to update CDC changes against copies of the source tables in a different platform system.  Debezium is also open source.  FiveTran is a competitor to Debezium but they charge for the CDC service they offer.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Which day is the hardest for crossword puzzles?
Response: There are many sources for crosswords, but the most popular might be the New York Times crossword. Its puzzle gets progressively harder from Monday to Saturday. Sunday is always a larger puzzle, but it is typically less difficult than Saturday, making Saturday the hardest day of the week.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Given a reference text about Kostas Georgakis, when did he go to Italy and what did he do there?
Context: Kostas Georgakis (Greek: Κώστας Γεωργάκης) (23 August 1948 – 19 September 1970) was a Greek student of geology, who in the early hours of 19 September 1970, set himself ablaze in Matteotti square in Genoa in a fatal protest against the dictatorial regime of Georgios Papadopoulos.

Early life
Georgakis grew up in Corfu in a family of five. His father was a self-employed tailor of modest means. Both his father and grandfather distinguished themselves in the major wars that Greece fought in the 20th century. He attended the second lyceum in Corfu where he excelled in his studies. In August 1967, a few months after the 21 April coup in Greece, Georgakis went to Italy to study as a geologist in Genoa. He received 5,000 drachmas per month from his father and this, according to friends' testimony, made him feel guilty for the financial burden his family endured so that he could attend a university. In Italy he met Rosanna, an Italian girl of the same age and they got engaged. In 1968 Georgakis became a member of the Center Union party of Georgios Papandreou.
Response: Kostas Georgakis went to Genoa, Italy in 1967 to study geology.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Name the Khals known to currently be alive in A Song of Ice and Fire.
Response: Jhaqo, Pono, Moro, Jommo, Zekko, and Motho.
Category: creative_writing
Instruction: Write a motivating note to a friend who wants to lose weight
Response: There are three parts to achieving any goal you set for yourself:
1. Vision : Visualize your ideal end goal (lose 25 pounds!) 
2. Action : Set up a daily plan of action (walk every day for 60 minutes, give up ice cream) 
3. Celebration : Plan an amazing celebration when you reach your goal (and yes, with ice cream!)
Category: classification
Instruction: Classify these as winter or summer sports: beach volleyball, cross country skiing, biathlon, triathlon, kayaking
Response: beach volleyball: summer, cross country skiing: winter, biathlon: winter, triathlon: summer, kayaking: summer
Category: classification
Instruction: Choose the word which is different from the rest: Swan, Chicken, Crocodile, Frog, Snake.
Response: The options provided include multiple reptiles and birds. Reptiles are air-breathing, cold-blooded vertebrates that have scaly bodies rather than hair or feathers. Birds are warm-blooded egg-laying vertebrate distinguished by the possession of feathers, wings, and a beak. Since there are multiple reptiles and birds listed the answer lies in their habitat. The correct answer is chicken as all others listed can live in water.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: Give me a bulleted list of Aaron Fenster's accomplishments.
Context: Aaron Fenster is a medical physicist at the University of Western Ontario Robarts Research Institute in London, Ontario, Canada. He was named a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 2013 for his contributions to medical imaging and three-dimensional ultrasound-guided interventions. He is also a fellow of the Canadian Academy of Health Sciences and co-program director of the Ontario Institute for Cancer Research Imaging Program. He holds Ph.D. from the University of Toronto and received further training at the Ontario Cancer Institute.
Response: - Medical physicist at the University of Western Ontario Robarts Research Institute.
- Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).
- Fellow of the Canadian Academy of Health Sciences. 
- Co-program director of the Ontario Institute for Cancer Research Imaging Program. 
- Completed a Ph.D. from the University of Toronto.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Is it better to visit Yosemite or Venice?
Response: Yosemite and Venice are both wonderful to visit. Yosemite is best in spring, before the park becomes crowded with summer hordes, and while the waterfalls are in full volume. Venice is best to visit in the Fall, while it's still warm but after the summer hordes have left. The choice between the two depends in part on the season, but also on whether or not you prefer to be in a park in a beautiful natural setting in the case of Yosemite, or in a fascinating and beautiful old world style city in a unique environment with canals, lagoons, boats and museums in the case of Venice. In both places, it's best to be walking to see the sights. In Yosemite you can hike or bike. In Venice you can walk or take a boat ride on the canals. If possible, one should visit both. If one can only visit one of the two, the choice ultimately boils down to one between natural beauty (Yosemite) and old world culture-based beauty (Venice).
Category: creative_writing
Instruction: Test
Response: Mike
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: What is "Six Feet Under"?
Context: Six Feet Under is an American drama television series created and produced by Alan Ball. It premiered on the premium network HBO in the United States on June 3, 2001, and ended on August 21, 2005, spanning 63 episodes across five seasons. It depicts the lives of the Fisher family, who run a funeral home in Los Angeles, along with their friends and lovers.
Response: Six Feet Under is an American drama television series created and produced by Alan Ball. It premiered on the premium network HBO in the United States on June 3, 2001, and ended on August 21, 2005, spanning 63 episodes across five seasons. It depicts the lives of the Fisher family, who run a funeral home in Los Angeles, along with their friends and lovers.

The ensemble drama stars Peter Krause, Michael C. Hall, Frances Conroy, Lauren Ambrose, Freddy Rodriguez, Mathew St. Patrick, and Rachel Griffiths as the central characters. It was produced by Actual Size Films and The Greenblatt/Janollari Studio, and was shot on location in Los Angeles and in Hollywood studios.

Six Feet Under received widespread critical acclaim, particularly for its writing and acting, and consistently drew high ratings for the HBO network. It is widely regarded as one of the greatest television series of all time. The show's finale has also been described as one of the greatest television series finales. The series won numerous awards, including nine Emmy Awards, three Screen Actors Guild Awards, three Golden Globe Awards, and a Peabody Award.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is Braising?
Response: Braising is a combination cooking method that starts with a pan searing then followed by a slow cooking in a liquid until the ingredients become tender.  Braising technique can be used on all cuts of meats or vegetables, but is especially with tougher cuts of meat like briskets.  Braising can be performed slowly for hours in a pot or oven to allow for flavors to penetrate.  Braising can also be done in minutes in a pressure cooker (Intsta Pot).
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Why is a meme compared to a gene?
Context: A meme (/miːm/ MEEM) is an idea, behavior, or style that spreads by means of imitation from person to person within a culture and often carries symbolic meaning representing a particular phenomenon or theme. A meme acts as a unit for carrying cultural ideas, symbols, or practices, that can be transmitted from one mind to another through writing, speech, gestures, rituals, or other imitable phenomena with a mimicked theme. Supporters of the concept regard memes as cultural analogues to genes in that they self-replicate, mutate, and respond to selective pressures. In popular language, a meme may refer to an Internet meme, typically an image, that is remixed, copied, and circulated in a shared cultural experience online.
Response: A meme is compared to a gene because it can self-replicate, mutate, and respond to selective pressures similar to that of a gene.
Category: classification
Instruction: Classify each activity as athletic or academic: reading, running, studying, jumping, writing, sprinting
Response: Reading: Academic
Running: Athletic
Studying: Academic
Jumping: Athletic
Writing: Academic
Sprinting: Athletic
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What was the first toy to be advertised on television?
Response: Mr Potato Head.
Category: summarization
Instruction: Tell me about the plot of the book Cold Granite
Context: Cold Granite is the debut novel written by Stuart MacBride. It features Detective Sergeant Logan McRae (who is later nicknamed "Lazarus") as its central character, who works for Grampian Police in Aberdeen, Scotland. Logan McRae went on to feature in a series of books which became a bestseller series for MacBride.

Plot
It is Logan McRae's first week back after being on sick leave for a year; courtesy of Angus Robertson (The Mastrick Monster) who carved him up with a knife. Someone is kidnapping children, murdering them and mutilating them afterwards. The local paper screams about police incompetence and is gunning for McRae's boss, Detective Inspector David Insch. McRae discovers that someone is leaking the stories to a journalist, Colin Miller, who inadvertently disrupts Grampian Polices' plans to apprehend the killer by revealing their plan to wait out in a secluded location which the killer thinks is safe.

McRae discovers that Miller's source is none other than his ex-girlfriend, Isobel McAlister, the police pathologist, who is now living with Miller and tells him about her day to unwind.

Meanwhile, the local council worker who removes all the dead animals from the roads (affectionately called "Roadkill") is found to have a dead girl in his tip and another dead girl is discovered on the local rubbish dump.
Response: Cold Granite is the debut novel written by Stuart MacBride. It features Detective Sergeant Logan McRae (who is later nicknamed "Lazarus") as its central character, who works for Grampian Police in Aberdeen, Scotland. Logan McRae went on to feature in a series of books which became a bestseller series for MacBride.

The Plot goes as it is Logan McRae's first week back after being on sick leave for a year; courtesy of Angus Robertson (The Mastrick Monster) who carved him up with a knife. Someone is kidnapping children, murdering them and mutilating them afterwards. The local paper screams about police incompetence and is gunning for McRae's boss, Detective Inspector David Insch. McRae discovers that someone is leaking the stories to a journalist, Colin Miller, who inadvertently disrupts Grampian Polices' plans to apprehend the killer by revealing their plan to wait out in a secluded location which the killer thinks is safe.

McRae discovers that Miller's source is none other than his ex-girlfriend, Isobel McAlister, the police pathologist, who is now living with Miller and tells him about her day to unwind.

Meanwhile, the local council worker who removes all the dead animals from the roads (affectionately called "Roadkill") is found to have a dead girl in his tip and another dead girl is discovered on the local rubbish dump.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Which team was relegated from the league at the conclusion of the 1991 Season?
Context: Waterside Karori were relegated at the end of the 1990 season, to be replaced by the winner of a play-off series between teams from the northern, central, and southern leagues (Mount Albert-Ponsonby, Nelson United, and Burndale United respectively). Nelson United won the series to gain promotion, but there is some controversy about their participation in the play-offs as they had only finished second in the central regional league, which was won by Petone.  

Gisborne City were relegated at the end of the 1991 season
Response: Gisborne City were relegated at the end of the 1991 season.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Why is California the best state?
Response: California has the best landscape in the country. We have some of the best mountains to ski on, most iconic beach spots, and richest soil for agriculture. What else could you ask for?
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Given this paragraph about the first tour de france, who won the first race
Context: The first Tour de France was staged in 1903. The plan was a five-stage race from 31 May to 5 July, starting in Paris and stopping in Lyon, Marseille, Bordeaux, and Nantes before returning to Paris. Toulouse was added later to break the long haul across southern France from the Mediterranean to the Atlantic. Stages would go through the night and finish next afternoon, with rest days before riders set off again. But this proved too daunting and the costs too great for most and only 15 competitors had entered. Desgrange had never been wholly convinced and he came close to dropping the idea. Instead, he cut the length to 19 days, changed the dates to 1 to 19 July, and offered a daily allowance to those who averaged at least 20 kilometres per hour (12 mph) on all the stages, equivalent to what a rider would have expected to earn each day had he worked in a factory. He also cut the entry fee from 20 to 10 francs and set the first prize at 12,000 francs and the prize for each day's winner at 3,000 francs. The winner would thereby win six times what most workers earned in a year. That attracted between 60 and 80 entrants – the higher number may have included serious inquiries and some who dropped out – among them not just professionals but amateurs, some unemployed, and some simply adventurous.

Desgrange seems not to have forgotten the Dreyfus Affair that launched his race and raised the passions of his backers. He announced his new race on 1 July 1903 by citing the writer Émile Zola, whose open letter J'Accuse…! led to Dreyfus's acquittal, establishing the florid style he used henceforth.

The first Tour de France started almost outside the Café Reveil-Matin at the junction of the Melun and Corbeil roads in the village of Montgeron. It was waved away by the starter, Georges Abran, at 3:16 p.m. on 1 July 1903. L'Auto hadn't featured the race on its front page that morning.[n 3]

Among the competitors were the eventual winner, Maurice Garin, his well-built rival Hippolyte Aucouturier, the German favourite Josef Fischer, and a collection of adventurers, including one competing as "Samson".[n 4]

Many riders dropped out of the race after completing the initial stages, as the physical effort the tour required was just too much. Only a mere 24 entrants remained at the end of the fourth stage. The race finished on the edge of Paris at Ville d'Avray, outside the Restaurant du Père Auto, before a ceremonial ride into Paris and several laps of the Parc des Princes. Garin dominated the race, winning the first and last two stages, at 25.68 kilometres per hour (15.96 mph). The last rider, Millocheau, finished 64h 47m 22s behind him.

L'Auto's mission was accomplished, as circulation of the publication doubled throughout the race, making the race something much larger than Desgrange had ever hoped for.
Response: The first race in 1903 was won by Maurice Garin, over his rival Hippolyte Aucouturier
Category: summarization
Instruction: What were the Crusades?
Context: The Crusades were a series of religious wars initiated, supported, and sometimes directed by the Latin Church in the medieval period. The best known of these military expeditions are those to the Holy Land in the period between 1095 and 1291 that were intended to conquer Jerusalem and its surrounding area from Muslim rule. Beginning with the First Crusade, which resulted in the conquest of Jerusalem in 1099, dozens of military campaigns were organised, providing a focal point of European history for centuries. Crusading declined rapidly after the 15th century.
Response: The Crusades collectively refer religious wars in the medieval times. The Crusades are famously know today for expeditions into the Muslim Holy Land to capture lands in the name of European kings and religion from 1095-1291.
Category: creative_writing
Instruction: Write a creative ending scene for a thriller movie
Response: After 18 months of finding the treasure, the people of Corinth gathered to praise Big B and his friends for their achievement. Amidst the celebrations, the friends saw a shady person new to the town. The person approached Big B and his friends, asking for a moment to speak. He presented them with a captain's log from 1867 for the friends to look into. The shady man was old and hence asked the friends for their assistance in locating what the captain's log pointed to. And when asked who the captain was, he said the diary belonged to Marshall Teach alias BLACKBEARD - one of the greatest and most vicious pirates to live.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is the name of the New England professional football team?
Response: New England Patriots
Category: classification
Instruction: Tell me which of these States' shapes have exactly four sides: Utah, Colorado, Florida, Washington, California.
Response: Colorado has exactly four sides in its shape.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Give me a bulleted list of the last 5 Super Bowl winning teams
Response: Kansas City Chiefs
Los Angeles Rams
Tampa Bay Buccaneers
Kansas City Chiefs 
New England Patriots
Category: open_qa
Instruction: what is a scottish fold cat?
Response: A scottish fold cat is a feline with a genetic mutation that causes its ears to fold down.  Scottish fold cats are rare, but the breed is well-loved by many for their gentle demeanor and soft fur.
Category: creative_writing
Instruction: Netflix views streaming video as a "sustaining" technology that extends its core mail DVD business. Do you agree with this, or do you think streaming video is a "disruptive" technology for Netflix that does not align with its core business and requires a different strategy?
Response: Netflix did a strategic renewal by cannibalizing its own cash cow business of mail-in-DVD services. This was the right move as internet speeds were increasing and moving towards broadband. Netflix was even considering launching a TV box if internet speeds remained constant. I agree that streaming video is a disruptive technology for Netflix, requiring a different strategy. Adopting a disruptive technology, Netflix forced Blockbuster to offer the mail-in-DVD service. By the time Blockbuster offered the mail-in-DVD service, Netflix had already begun experimenting with streaming videos and had started offering the streaming video platform. Netflix made Blockbuster dance to its tunes. Netflix, currently valued at $150 billion, changed its business model twice by cannibalizing its core services, shifting from mail-in- DVD service to subscription service to streaming video subscription service. This strategic renewal is one of the critical reasons for Netflix to become a valuable company and one of the pioneers in cloud computing that defined the architecture for AWS and set the freedom and responsibility culture for other silicon valley firms to emulate.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: What is the Tau Circle Constant?
Response: Tau is defined as the ratio of a circle's circumference to its radius.  Some 21st century mathematicians and physicists believe Tau is a better choice than Pi for use in science and mathematics.

Like Pi, Tau is an irrational and transcendental number.  In decimal form, the value of Tau is 6.283185…

Part of the motivation for Tau is the observation that the number 2*Pi or 2π occurs with surprising frequency throughout science and mathematics.  This raises the question of whether Pi is really an important number or something equal to two times Pi is actually more important.  Perhaps the implication is that Pi is exactly one half of some very important number!

Further consideration of the question leads to several compelling observations:

	- Using C/r as the key circle constant is better aligned with the way we define a circle: the set of all points a fixed distance (r) form a give point.
	- Radian angle measurements of fraction of a circle make much more sense when Tau is used as the base constant.  Using Pi, on quarter of a circle is Pi is Pi/2, one half is Pi, and the angle of a a full circle is 2*Pi.  With Tau, the angle measures are intuitively aligned to the fraction of a circle: a quarter circle is Tau/4, a half circle is Tau/2 and the angle of a full circle is Tau.  
	- Similarly, the radian zeroes, max, and min of the sin and cosine functions align to fractions of Tau in an intuitive fashion that aids, rather than confuses, understanding.
	- Key formulas that traditionally use Pi actually show more clear mathematical meaning when expressed using Tau.  For example, the area of a circle itself, when expressed with Tau, shows the same pattern of quadratic forms in distance fallen, spring energy, and kinetic energy.
	- Similarly, the tau-based formula for circular area actually confirms to the original proof by Archimedes showing that area of a circle equals the area of a triangle with base C (circumference) and height r (radius):  A = 1/2 b*h = 1/2 C*r = 1/2 (Tau*r)*r = 1/2 Tau*r^2.


Tau has seen significant adoption since it was originally proposed.  

The relationship between Tau and Pi is very simple.  Tau = 2*Pi.  Perhaps just as informative is the fact that Tau > Pi.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: What is the difference between a corporate venture function and institutional venture firm?
Response: A corporate venture function, commonly known as a CVC, is typically a team within an operating entity that is focused on venture investing on behalf of its parent company. Investments completed by a corporate venture function is usually related to the industry the parent company operates in and investment goals are strategic in additional to being financial. An institutional venture firm is a standalone company whose operations is solely focused on investments and the focus is on financial returns.
Category: classification
Instruction: On a hiking trip where we expect to walk many miles, categorize each of the the following as either 'heavy', 'not heavy' or 'somewhat heavy'. A tent, a compass, a sleeping bag, a camping stove, a cooler full of food.
Response: A tent is heavy.
A compass is not heavy.
A sleeping bag is not heavy.
A camping stove is somewhat heavy.
A cooler full of food is heavy.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Given a reference text about spaghetti, what shape is it, where did it originate, and are there any variations of it?
Context: Spaghetti is a long, thin, solid, cylindrical pasta. It is a staple food of traditional Italian cuisine. Like other pasta, spaghetti is made of milled wheat, water, and sometimes enriched with vitamins and minerals. Italian spaghetti is typically made from durum-wheat semolina. Usually the pasta is white because refined flour is used, but whole wheat flour may be added. Spaghettoni is a thicker form of spaghetti, while spaghettini is a thinner form. Capellini is a very thin spaghetti, sometimes known colloquially as "angel hair pasta".
Response: The shape of spaghetti is long, thin, and cylindrical. It traditionally comes from Italy and has a two variations - those being Spaghettoni, which is thicker, and capellini, which is thiner and sometime called 'angel hair pasta'.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: What are three crafts with a wire coat hanger?
Response: - Create a mobile by cutting up the coat hanger and joining the pieces together.
- Make a wire sculpture of your favorite animal.
- Fashion a spring and affix a pompom on top of it, finishing your creation with googly eyes
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What field of science (biology, physics or chemistry) was Marie Curie a researcher in?
Response: Marie Curie was a chemist
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: Extract the ways to spell "Muscovy duck" using the sample as a reference, and place them in a list.
Context: The Muscovy duck has been domesticated for centuries, and is widely traded as "Barbary duck". Muscovy breeds are popular because they have stronger-tasting meat — sometimes compared to roasted beef — than that of the domestic duck. The meat is lean when compared to the fatty meat of mallard-derived ducks, its leanness and tenderness being often compared to veal. Muscovy ducks are also less noisy, and sometimes marketed as a "quackless" duck; even though they are not completely silent, they do not actually quack (except in cases of extreme stress). The carcass of a Muscovy duck is also much heavier than most other domestic ducks, which makes it ideal for the dinner table.
Response: - Muscovy duck
- Barbary duck
- Quackless duck
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What are the different kind of hits in baseball?
Response: The different kind of hits in baseball are a single, double, triple, and home run.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Why Miami is so humid?
Response: It is so humid because it is part of a sub-tropical region of the Americas. Composed of two seasons, a dry and a wet season. Temperatures are stable all year round.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Give me a list of 7 of the most popular Pokémon
Response: Pikachu, Charizard, Mew, Mewtwo, Squirtle, Jigglypuff, Snorlax
Category: general_qa
Instruction: How does a push rod internal combustion engine work?
Response: The heart of a push rod internal combustion engine (ICE) is the crankshaft. Rods connect the engines pistons to the journals of the crankshaft. The crankshaft is evenly balanced by  weights on the opposite side of each journal to ensure that at high revolutions per minute (RPM) the motor is stable. As the crankshaft rotates it pushes the rods up and down that are connected to pistons. At the front of the crankshaft is a gear, the gear is typically connected via a chain to the camshaft. If the crankshaft is the heart of the engine, a camshaft is the brain of the engine. The camshaft determines when to open and close valves that let in air and fuel into each cylinder and let out exhaust from the internal combustion. The camshaft is a shaft that runs the length of the engine and has lobes on it, small metal cylinders called lifters ride on these lobes and are connected to push rods, the push rods are connected to rockers which rock back and forth opening and closing valves in the cylinder heads. The valves are located in the cylinder heads that sit on top of the cylinders that the pistons are in. As the pistons rotate up, a valve (being driven by the camshaft) opens to bring fuel into the cylinder, when the valve closes a spark from a spark plug, ignites the fuel causing a mini explosion pushing the cylinder down, a second valve opens letting the exhaust from the mini explosion exit the engine. This in turn rotates the crankshaft, pushing another piston up where the process continues. An intake manifold is like the lungs of a motor, it breaths in air from the atmosphere and mixes it with just the right amount of fuel to create that mini explosion in the cylinder.  The timing of the air, fuel, spark delivery is critical if it is off just the smallest of margins the engine will not run at all.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What are the names of the different scores you can shoot for each hole when golfing?
Response: The following are the names for different scores you can shoot on a golf hole:
- Hole-in-One: The hole was completed with only one shot.
- Albatross: The hole was completed in 3 shots less than par.
- Eagle: The hole was completed in 2 shots less than par.
- Birdie: The hole was completed in 1 shot less than par.
- Par: The hole was completed in the same number of shots as par.
- Bogey: The hole was completed in 1 shot more than par.
- Double Bogey: The hole was completed in 2 shots more than par.
- Triple Bogey: The hole was completed in 3 shots more than par.
- Quadruple Bogey: The hole was completed in 4 shots more than par.
- Quintuple Bogey: The hole was completed in 5 shots more than par.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Which US state produces the most wine?
Response: California produces the most wine in the United States, followed by Washington State.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Give me a list of free email service provider other than Gmail.
Response: 1. Outlook: It is offering from Microsoft, and is considered a powerful email service. It integrates with other Microsoft service ecosystem and used by large business enterprises.
2. Proton: Formerly called ProtonMail, has a unique offering when it comes to privacy protecting email service provided and hence has a very unique service offering.
3. Yahoo! Mail: Yahoo offers this very mature email service and has a lot of custom inbox and themes options.
4. Zoho Mail: Another email provider that provided fully encrypted data and privacy protection. On the top, it also provides a very easy to use email migration service.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Why do I not feel good after consuming a lot of chocolates?
Response: Eating sugary foods like chocolate or candy causes a spike in dopamine, which can make you feel happy and energized. However, when the dopamine levels crash, it goes well below the base level, which can in turn make you may feel tired, irritable, and even depressed. This is because dopamine is involved in regulating mood, motivation, and pleasure. When dopamine levels drop too low, it can cause a number of unpleasant symptoms.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: What is Holi?
Context: Holi ( /ˈhoʊliː/) is a popular and significant Hindu festival celebrated as the Festival of Colours, Love and Spring. It celebrates the eternal and divine love of the god Radha and Krishna. Additionally, the day also signifies the triumph of good over evil, as it commemorates the victory of Vishnu as Narasimha Narayana over Hiranyakashipu.Holi is originated and is predominantly celebrated in the Indian subcontinent but has also spread to other regions of Asia and parts of the Western world through the Indian diaspora.

Holi also celebrates the arrival of Spring in India, the end of winter, and the blossoming of love. It is also an invocation for a good spring harvest season. It lasts for a night and a day, starting on the evening of the Purnima (Full Moon Day) falling in the Hindu calendar month of Phalguna, which falls around the middle of March in the Gregorian calendar.
Response: Holi is an Indian festival to celebrate the start of Spring. Its celebrated by people putting bright colors on each other [powdered color]. Celebrations include praying, food, colors and dancing. The specific day changes based on the calendar every year. It is celebrated by Indian Diaspora across the world.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is the difference between income tax and capital gains tax in the USA?
Response: Income tax are taxes levied on earned income from employment. Capital gains taxes are levied on gains made from investment sales.
Category: summarization
Instruction: Why is the sport commonly known as "Ultimate Frisbee" legally recognized only as "Ultimate"?
Context: Ultimate, originally known as ultimate frisbee, is a non-contact team sport played with a disc flung by hand. Ultimate was developed in 1968 by AJ Gator in Maplewood, New Jersey. Although ultimate resembles many traditional sports in its athletic requirements, it is unlike most sports due to its focus on self-officiating, even at the highest levels of competition. The term "frisbee" is a registered trademark of the Wham-O toy company, and thus the sport is not formally called "ultimate Frisbee", though this name is still in common casual use. Points are scored by passing the disc to a teammate in the opposing end zone. Other basic rules are that players must not take steps while holding the disc, and interceptions, incomplete passes, and passes out of bounds are turnovers. Rain, wind, or occasionally other adversities can make for a testing match with rapid turnovers, heightening the pressure of play.
Response: The key reason why the sport "Ultimate Frisbee" is legally known as "Ultimate" comes down to copyright issues. The sports company "Wham-O" trademarked one of their products as the "Ultimate Frisbee" which would require licensing fees for the sport to use this name or risk facing legal action.
Category: classification
Instruction: Identify which instrument is string or woodwind: Tambura, Tubax
Response: Tubax is woodwind, Tambura is string.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Why everyone doesn't see solar eclipse when it occurs?
Response: You have to be in the moon's darkest shadow (umbra). This place is small, so other areas around the world won't see it.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Which major countries border Mongolia?
Context: Mongolia (/mɒŋˈɡoʊliə/ (listen)) is a landlocked country in East Asia, bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south. It covers an area of 1,564,116 square kilometres (603,909 square miles), with a population of just 3.3 million, making it the world's most sparsely populated sovereign nation. Mongolia is the world's largest landlocked country that does not border a closed sea, and much of its area is covered by grassy steppe, with mountains to the north and west and the Gobi Desert to the south. Ulaanbaatar, the capital and largest city, is home to roughly half of the country's population.
Response: Russia and China
Category: classification
Instruction: Identify which car manufacturer is German or American: Ford, Brabus
Response: Brabus is German, Ford is American
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Can airplanes land in windy conditions?
Response: Yes, airplanes can generally land in windy conditions, but there are limits. Strong, stable winds along the runway direction (or close to it) is generally not a problem. The most challenging are gusty winds and crosswinds. Gusty winds make a stabilized approach to the runway more difficult, while crosswinds make it harder to stay aligned with the runway.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Name a Jane Austen book.
Response: Pride and Prejudice.
Category: classification
Instruction: Find the bird in this list: Avocado, Avocet, Avian
Response: Avocet
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: As a Manager, how can I use Clifford's Strengthsfinder?
Response: Strengthsfinder is a tool that has been used by 30 million people worldwide.  It's an assessment that measures one's strengths across 34 potential strengths. There is no strength better than the other. It's more a matter how much you actually leverage the strength that you have. 

As a manager, here is how you can use it: 
- Use it in 1:1s with your team members: For career development, or provide stretch assignments to focus on 1-2 strengths
- Develop a team aggregate: Where are we strong as a team? What strengths are missing? Who is strong in a particular area and can be the expert? 
- Use it for team building: During a team meeting have team members present their top 5 strengths. People will get to know each other under a different light. 
- Integrate new team members 
- Develop new managers: How can they use their strengths? How can the strengths hold them back?
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Where is the best place in the Bahamas to go on holiday?
Response: Given that there are direct flights to Nassau, this tends to be the focal point for US and British families to congregate for Spring break and the holiday periods. Nassau has 2 major resorts - the famous Atlantis, and the newer Baha Mar. Baha Mar allows you to use all 3 properties amenities regardless of where you are staying so is probably the best bet offering the most experiences and restaurants. It's also got it's own water park - Baha Bay. 
For those looking to get off the beaten track - you cannot beat Eluthera, Harbour Island and the Exumas. Andros is the largest of the islands, and offers a gorgeous resort Kamalame Key. Top tip is to hire a boat captain to see some of the outer islands- Exumas, Rose Island, Green Key etc.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Why do we watch television?
Response: Television are in almost every home in the United States today.  Currently 97% of all US households have an average of 2-3 televisions per home.  We use TV as a communication tool to learn what is going on around us in our communities, outside of our communities, and all around the world.  It is a way for us to stay connected on current events and get prepared and be safe due to forecasted natural disasters.  We use television to even find missing persons, learn who to donate to for good causes, and stay up to date with what is going on in the political arena.
Category: classification
Instruction: Tell me which sport of ice hockey or baseball these positions belong: outfielder, pitcher, left winger, forward, right fielder, goalie, catcher, third baseman, left defenseman
Response: Ice Hockey Positions: left winger, forward, goalie, left defenseman
Baseball Positions: outfielder, pitcher, right fielder, catcher, third baseman
Category: creative_writing
Instruction: Describe the perfect weekend trip to Boston, Massachusetts.
Response: The best way to spend a weekend in Boston is walking the Freedom Trail in Downtown Boston. Seeing a Red Sox game at Fenway Park is practically required, and if visiting in the off-season, taking a tour of the stadium will suffice. You need to have a lobster roll at the Union Oyster House for Lunch. You should have a cannoli from Mike's Pastry in the North End for dessert as they are the best. Take the T from Government Center to the MFA stop to visit the Museum of Fine Arts. You should stay at the XV Beacon Hotel by the Boston Common. The Boston Commons is a lovely place to have a picnic as well.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: What should I get for my friends who love to cook?
Response: Some thoughtful gifts for the avid home cooks include a sous vide, a nice skillet, a beautiful spatula, or a dutch oven. On a budget? You can consider unique condiments such as nice olive oil, chili crunch or spicy mayo.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: What are five different things you could use a ruler to do?
Response: You could use a ruler to measure the length of things, to draw a straight line, to check if something is straight, to mark a spot in a book or to hold down a stack of papers
Category: classification
Instruction: Which of the following is not a Hemsworth brother? Chris, Liam, Reginald, Bobert, Robert, Luke
Response: Reginald, Bobert, and Robert are not Hemsworth brothers.