fedml/databricks-dolly-15k-niid huggingface dataset:
Category: general_qa
Instruction: How does Walter White die in Breaking bad
Response: In the final episode of Breaking Bad, Walter attempts to clean-up his mess by killing off all those who betrayed him, and rescue Jesse from his captors.  Walter builds a moving arm mount for an M60 machine gun that he can activate from the car's remote key fob, and places it in the trunk of a car that he got from the same gun dealer.  Walter then drives to the compound where the Aryan Brotherhood are living, under a trick that he can help them make “meth” with a new recipe.

Once inside, Walter Argues with Jack about why Jessie isn’t dead yet, causing the angry Jack to bring Jessie into the room to prove they are not friends.  AT this point, Walter charges Jessie to the floor and presses the key fob, causing the M60 to begin shooting into the building.

Everyone in the building is shot dead except for Jessie, Walter, Todd and Jack.  Jesse strangles Todd to death with his handcuffs, and Walter Shoots Jack with his own gun.  Jessie then leaves the compound in one of the cars that is sitting outside.

After this, you become aware that Walter was hit by a ricochet while the M60 was firing, and has effectively been shot in the stomach.  He walks over to the building where Jessie was making Meth, and falls to the floor seconds before the Police enter the building.
Category: classification
Instruction: Which of the following numbers is a irrational number: -200, -1.5, -1, 0, 1, 1.5, 200, pi, e, sqrt(-1)?
Response: Square root of -1 is an irrational number
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: What is hidden at Oak Island?
Context: Oak Island has been a subject for treasure hunters ever since the late 1700s, with rumours that Captain Kidd's treasure was buried there. While there is little evidence to support what went on during the early excavations, stories began to be published and documented as early as 1856. Since that time there have been many theories that extend beyond that of Captain Kidd which include among others religious artifacts, manuscripts, and Marie Antoinette's jewels. The "treasure" has also been prone to criticism by those who have dismissed search areas as natural phenomena.
Response: Oak Island is rumored to have Captain Kidd's treasure buried. However despite numerous excavation attempts over the past 100 years nothing has been discovered. There are other theories which claim religious artifacts, manuscripts, or Marie Antionette's jewels are hidden at Oak Island.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: What are some kinds of embroidery stitches for writing letters?
Response: Some embroidery stitches that can be used to embroider letters are the back stitch, the split stitch, the stem stitch, the chain stitch, the couching stitch, and the satin stitch.
Category: summarization
Instruction: Where is the Ahlatcik village
Context: Ahlatçık is a village in the Kastamonu District, Kastamonu Province, Turkey. Its population is 132 (2021).
Response: Ahlatçık is a village in the Kastamonu District, Kastamonu Province, Turkey. Its population is 132 (2021)
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: List the Pixar movies that were nominated for Academy Awards but did not win.
Context: Pixar has produced 26 feature films, starting with Toy Story (1995), which is the first fully computer-animated feature film; its most recent film was Lightyear (2022). The studio has also produced many short films. As of July 2019, its feature films have earned approximately $14 billion at the worldwide box office, with an average worldwide gross of $680 million per film. Toy Story 3 (2010), Finding Dory (2016), Incredibles 2 (2018), and Toy Story 4 (2019) are all among the 50 highest-grossing films of all time. Incredibles 2 is the studio's highest grossing film as well as the fourth-highest-grossing animated film of all time, with a gross of $1.2 billion; the other three also grossed over $1 billion. Moreover, 15 of Pixar's films are in the 50 highest-grossing animated films of all time.
Pixar has earned 23 Academy Awards, 10 Golden Globe Awards, and 11 Grammy Awards, along with numerous other awards and acknowledgments. Its films are frequently nominated for the Academy Award for Best Animated Feature, since its inauguration in 2001, with eleven winners being Finding Nemo (2003), The Incredibles (2004), Ratatouille (2007), WALL-E (2008), Up (2009), Toy Story 3 (2010), Brave (2012), Inside Out (2015), Coco (2017), Toy Story 4 (2019), and Soul (2020). The six nominated films that did not win are Monsters, Inc. (2001), Cars (2006), Incredibles 2 (2018), Onward (2020), Luca (2021) and Turning Red (2022). While Cars 2 (2011), Monsters University (2013), The Good Dinosaur (2015), Finding Dory (2016), Cars 3 (2017) and the aforementioned Lightyear were not nominated. In addition, Toy Story 3 and Up were nominated for the Academy Award for Best Picture.
On February 10, 2009, Pixar executives John Lasseter, Brad Bird, Pete Docter, Andrew Stanton, and Lee Unkrich were presented with the Golden Lion award for Lifetime Achievement by the Venice Film Festival. The physical award was ceremoniously handed to Lucasfilm's founder, George Lucas.
Response: Monsters, Inc. (2001), Cars (2006), Incredibles 2 (2018), Onward (2020), Luca (2021), Turning Red (2022)
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Whats the name of the person who wrote  the US declaration of independence?
Response: Thomas Jefferson
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is a planet ?
Response: The International Astronomical Union (IAU) defined in August 2006, that a planet in the Solar system is a celestial body that :
- orbits the Sun (the host star of the Solar system), 
- has enough mass to assume a hydrostatic equilibrium (nearly round) shape,
- is big enough that its gravity cleared away any other similarly-sized objects near its orbit around the Sun.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is a Melanochromis simulans
Response: Melanochromis simulans is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Malawi where it occurs in the Masinje Rocks and at Cape Ngombo. This species can reach a length of 7.4 centimetres (2.9 in) SL. It can also be found in the aquarium trade.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: How can you answer questions like "Are certain kinds of storms responsible to drive certain type of disease related group (DRG) admits?"?
Response: Answering questions like this would require using data and statistical analysis of the data. You would need to collect storm data for a given location and combine it with the hospital visits data for the period before and after the storm and simply plot the correlation between each storm and the type of admits in the hospital around the same period. The findings must be validated by performing the similar analysis on data from another time period or a geographical location with similar characteristics.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Can you explain how I can analyze Simba logs?
Response: A typical Simba driver log line to would like like below
Feb 21 20:17:16.525 TRACE 1542911745 Simba::ODBC::Statement::SQLFetch: +++++ enter +++++

One can use regular expression based match to parse this log line to split the fields to derive meaningful insights.

For example, the fields can be split into
- timestamp
- loglevel
- pid
- message

The last message field is a long string which encapsulates a lot of important information but can be classified as below by splitting this further based on the :: delimiter.
- Namespace
- Class
- Method
- Details


There are 2 types of Simba logs
Connection Logs - Useful for getting connection attributes like agent, driver versions, operation status calls, connection failures, SSL errors etc
Driver Logs - This helps to analyze actual details around data fetch performance.

Some examples to derive meaningful insights from connection logs
Extract unique query identifier using keyword search within the message for "THandleIdentifier" or a guid pattern

Some examples to derive meaningful insights from driver logs
How long did an actual data fetch block take can be inspected using the time difference between the blocks.
SQLFetch*Enter
SQLFetch*Exit

Within each fetch block, you can look for below log lines to understand if it was a row-by-row fetch if you see a log of SQLGetData blocks.
SQLGetData*Enter
SQLGetData*Exit

There is other miscellaneous information logged by Simba driver for preceding requests such as closing a query or a session where an actual identifier needs to be sent along with the request, think of it as a payload for a REST API post request where you also need to send a payload along with the request.

Overall, deriving meaningful information from the Simba driver logs require a bit of analysis
before actually realizing the benefits of such analysis, most of the details are cryptic.

Brainstorming other ideas with Simba product team would be fantastic.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: What are some different snacks I could bring to a kids' soccer game?
Response: You could bring orange slices, juice boxes, trail mix, peanut butter and apples, granola bars or cheese sticks
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Explain what is April Fools' Day?
Response: - In the Western history, April Fools’ Day occurs on April 1 every year. It has been celebrated for more than 400 years
- The exact origins of the Day remains a mystery, though many historians attribute the origin of April Fool's Day to medieval festivals during spring
- The traditions of the Day include playing pranks on others or telling audience jokes followed by yelling "April Fools" at the end to reveal to the audience that they were tricked
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: Extract the text the name of the architect who designed the Josephine Shaw Lowell Memorial Fountain
Context: The Josephine Shaw Lowell Memorial Fountain is an outdoor fountain in Bryant Park, Manhattan, New York memorializing Josephine Shaw Lowell, a social worker active in the late 19th century. The fountain was designed by architect Charles A. Platt and dedicated in 1912.
Response: Charles A. Platt
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Why you need to be honest?
Response: Because you should not cheat to anyone and that will give you a good live
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: Who was the first actor to play the Joker on the Batman television series?
Context: César Julio Romero Jr. (February 15, 1907 – January 1, 1994) was an American actor and activist. He was active in film, radio, and television for almost sixty years.

His wide range of screen roles included Latin lovers, historical figures in costume dramas, characters in light domestic comedies, and the Joker on the Batman television series, which was included in TV Guide's 2013 list of The 60 Nastiest Villains of All Time. He was the first actor to play the character.
Response: César Julio Romero Jr. played was the first actor to play the Joker.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: From the passage provided, extract the state Lincoln was born in
Context: Abraham Lincoln (/ˈlɪŋkən/ LINK-ən; February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865) was an American lawyer, politician and statesman who served as the 16th president of the United States from 1861 until his assassination in 1865. Lincoln led the Union through the American Civil War to defend the nation as a constitutional union and succeeded in abolishing slavery, bolstering the federal government, and modernizing the U.S. economy.

Lincoln was born into poverty in a log cabin in Kentucky and was raised on the frontier, primarily in Indiana. He was self-educated and became a lawyer, Whig Party leader, Illinois state legislator, and U.S. Congressman from Illinois. In 1849, he returned to his successful law practice in central Illinois. In 1854, he was angered by the Kansas–Nebraska Act, which opened the territories to slavery, and he re-entered politics. He soon became a leader of the new Republican Party. He reached a national audience in the 1858 Senate campaign debates against Stephen A. Douglas. Lincoln ran for president in 1860, sweeping the North to gain victory. Pro-slavery elements in the South viewed his election as a threat to slavery, and Southern states began seceding from the nation. During this time, the newly formed Confederate States of America began seizing federal military bases in the south. Just over one month after Lincoln assumed the presidency, the Confederate States attacked Fort Sumter, a U.S. fort in South Carolina. Following the bombardment, Lincoln mobilized forces to suppress the rebellion and restore the union.
Response: Lincoln was born in the state of Kentucky
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Why do people need money?
Response: People need money to satisfy their basic needs such as food, clothing and shelter so they lead a humane life. It plays a critical role in education as many studies show that it has a proportional relation between household income and children’s educational level, which ties to their success post-education in society. Money also provides opportunities to enrich lifestyes and enhance well-being. With its importance, people often fight for it, and money sadly causes crimes.
Category: classification
Instruction: Which is a species of fish? Trahira or Tahini
Response: Trahira
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Give me a list of some quotes from Bhagavad Gita.
Response: 1. Whatever happened, happened for the good. Whatever is happening, is happening for the good. Whatever will happen, will also happen for the good.
2. Change is the law of The Universe.
3. You are only entitles to the action, never to its fruits.
4. You are what you believe in. You become which you believe you can become.
5. One can destroy the body. The spirit is beyond destruction. No one can being an end to spirit which is everlasting.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Explain nuclear fission in the voice of Bill Nye
Response: Okay kids, listen up. Nuclear fission is a very cool concept that gives us nuclear energy to power our homes and cities! You know how everything around us is made of little components called atoms, right? The centers of these atoms, called the nuclei, are themselves made of particles, called protons and neutrons. These particles are super tiny, hundreds of times smaller than the atoms themselves! Anyway, the particles in the nucleus are stuck firmly together, but if disturbed by a high-energy particle, the nucleus can split apart. When it does that, it releases a lot of energy as light and heat. This splitting of the nucleus is called fission.

In some materials, each nucleus that splits also releases more loose particles, typically neutrons, that can hit other atoms, and this leads to what's called a chain reaction: one atom splitting can cause others to do so, and keep releasing more energy. If left uncontrolled in a dense enough material, this leads to an atomic explosion, which is very bad. Definitely don't try that at home! In fact don't try anything else at home. But if controlled with the right amount of moderating material, this type of reaction can give rise to a continuous and cheap source of energy, as used in nuclear power plants. Some countries get most of their energy today from nuclear fission.

The craziest thing about nuclear fission is that it was only discovered and put into use starting in the 1930s. It's such a new finding, and it's totally changed the world. Science rules!
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: What is the first computer recognized in human history?
Context: The Antikythera mechanism (/ˌæntɪkɪˈθɪərə/ AN-tih-kih-THEER-ə) is an Ancient Greek hand-powered orrery, described as the oldest known example of an analogue computer used to predict astronomical positions and eclipses decades in advance. It could also be used to track the four-year cycle of athletic games which was similar to an Olympiad, the cycle of the ancient Olympic Games.
Response: The Antikythera mechanism, an astronomical clock, was built around 100 BC and is considered the world's first computer.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: What should I do to maximize my chances of getting into a top business school?
Response: There are many controllable factors that can help improve your chances of attending a top business school such as Harvard, Stanford, or Wharton.  Four of the most important include:
- Track record of impactful work experience
- Strong letters of recommendation from your supervisors
- Excellent GMAT score and, to a lesser extent, GPA
- Compelling essays 

Work experience is often cited as the most important factor for business school admissions.  Candidates should look for jobs that involve building best-in-class business skills (such as working at Goldman Sachs or McKinsey) or involve leading large groups of people to accomplish important and challenging projects.  One piece of advice is to look at the resumes of successful applicants and see what types of roles they had pre-MBA.

In addition to having excellent work experience on your resume, it is equally important to have a track record of success at those jobs.  To evaluate track record of strong work performance, business schools require 2-3 letters of recommendations.  It is critical for these recommendations to be highly positive, and any lack of enthusiasm can be an instant red flag for admissions officers.

In terms of quantitative factors, Harvard, Stanford and Wharton have high average GMAT scores.  Harvard's median GMAT score, for example, was 730 out of 800 for the class of 2024.  Be sure to invest time in preparing for the GMAT, as candidates can significantly increase scores through consistent and dedicated practice.

Additionally, the essays candidates submit are very important.  The goal of a business school admissions officer to is find candidates who are likely to reach senior executive leadership or other impactful roles in society.  Your essay would ideally reflect a) an aspirational but attainable goal to reach a high impact position, and b) a clear path to get from where you currently are to your long-term goals, including a logical short-term goal immediate post-business school.

Some candidates opt to hire an MBA admissions consultant, which typically costs between $2000-3000 per application.  Consider whether an MBA admissions consultant would be valuable for your process, and if so, be sure to evaluate several by having free upfront consultations.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: How do I make a traditional Bolognese sauce?
Response: Bolognese sauce, sometimes called Bolognese Ragu has many variations, so I will provide the most common method. Dice one brown onion and then sauté in 25g of butter and 4 tablespoons of olive oil. Once the onions start to colour add 35 grams of diced pancetta and let the fat render. Add a mix of 1 chopped carrot, 1 chopped celery stick and 1 diced clove of garlic, stirring for 3-4 minutes. Add 500g of ground beef, seasoning the beef with salt and pepper. Next evaporate 1 cup of red wine, making sure the mixture reduces. Then evaporate 3/4 of a cup of fresh milk, also reducing the mixture. Add 4 chopped and peeled fresh tomatoes, 1 bay leaf and 1/4 tsp of chopped fresh thyme leaves and then simmer the sauce on low to medium heat for 1 and a half to two hours. Season again before serving with pasta.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Who gave the UN the land in NY to build their HQ
Response: John D Rockerfeller
Category: general_qa
Instruction: How do I keep great oral health?
Response: You can have and maintain good oral health by minimizing the proliferation of bacteria in your mouth and tongue surface, flossing your teeth and brushing your teeth at least twice a day in the morning after waking up and in the evening before going to bed.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What does the term March Madness refer to in college basketball?
Response: March Madness is another name for the NCAA tournament, which is a single-elimination basketball tournament that takes place each year in the month of March among the 64 (plus two additional "play-in" team) selected as the top teams by a tournament committee.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: Change the following to past tense
Context: Yoo Ji-No is a South Korean football player who plays for Suwon FC.
Response: Yoo Ji-No was a South Korean football player who played for Suwon FC.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Q: Products online claim to prevent or treat COVID-19. Where can I report websites selling products with fraudulent claims?
Response: A: The FDA advises consumers to be beware of websites and stores selling products that claim to prevent, treat, or cure COVID-19. If you have a question about a product sold online that claims to prevent, treat, or cure COVID-19, talk to your health care provider or doctor.

Read this Consumer Update to learn how to protect yourself and your family from coronavirus fraud. 

Please report websites selling products with fraudulent claims about treatment or prevention of COVID-19. If you have experienced a bad reaction to a product sold with COVID-19 claims, report it to the FDA’s MedWatch Adverse Event Reporting program:

Complete and submit the report online; or
Download and complete the form, then submit it via fax at 1-800-FDA-0178.
Include as much information as you can about the product that caused the reaction, including the product name, the manufacturer, and the lot number (if available).
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: Extract the names of the winners of the Berlin Marathon from the reference text and provide them as a bulleted list.
Context: The Berlin Marathon was established in 1974 by Horst Milde, a baker and running enthusiast in the city. The race had 244 finishers; 234 men and 10 women, and was won by Günter Hallas and Jutta von Haase in times of 2:44:53 and 3:22:01 respectively. In 1977, Christa Vahlensieck established a new women's world record at the Berlin Marathon, running 2:34:47. Four years later, the race started outside the Reichstag for the first time, by which time it had grown to 2,583 finishers, making it the largest city road race in Germany. The following year, before German unification, some East Germans secretly ran the race, registering under false names to avoid recriminations from the East German secret service. In 1989, a children's race was added to the event, and eight years later an inline skating marathon was contested.

In 1998, Ronaldo da Costa set a new men's world record, the only South American to hold a marathon world record. Two years later, one of the race's pacemakers, Simon Biwott won the race, after one of the favourites had pulled out in the second half of the race. In 2001, Naoko Takahashi became the first woman to run a sub-2:20 marathon, completing the Berlin Marathon in 2:19:46. The race had continued to be the venue of world records; between 2003 and 2018, seven men's records were set at the race; the most recent remains as the current world record time; Eliud Kipchoge's 2:01:39.

The event was held in mid-September in 2000 and 2018, because of a conflict with the Women's Olympic Marathon, and due to German Unity Day preparations, respectively.

The 2020 edition of the event was prohibited from being held on its originally scheduled dates due to the coronavirus pandemic, and was eventually cancelled once it was clear that it would not be possible to hold it at a later date in 2020. All registrants were given the option of either transferring their entry to 2021 or obtaining a refund.
Response: * Günter Hallas
* Jutta van Hasse
* Christa Vahlensieck
* Ronaldo da Costa
* Simon Biwott
* Naoko Takahashi
* Eliud Kipchoge
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: How many sexes are there and how many genders are there and what's the difference?
Response: There are two sexes - male and female, and three genders - male, female, and other. The other gender includes non-binary genders, such as agender, genderqueer, androgynous, and intersex. There are many different gender identities, including male, female, transgender, gender neutral, non-binary, agender, pangender, genderqueer, two-spirit, third gender, and all, none or a combination of these.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Is the glass ceiling real?
Context: A glass ceiling is a metaphor usually applied to women, used to represent an invisible barrier that prevents a given demographic from rising beyond a certain level in a hierarchy. No matter how invisible the glass ceiling is expressed, it is actually a difficult obstacle to overcome. The metaphor was first used by feminists in reference to barriers in the careers of high-achieving women. It was coined by Marilyn Loden during a speech in 1978. In the United States, the concept is sometimes extended to refer to racial inequality in the United States. Minority women in white-majority countries often find the most difficulty in "breaking the glass ceiling" because they lie at the intersection of two historically marginalized groups: women and people of color. East Asian and East Asian American news outlets have coined the term "bamboo ceiling" to refer to the obstacles that all East Asian Americans face in advancing their careers. Similarly, a multitude of barriers that refugees and asylum seekers face in their search for meaningful employment is referred to as canvas ceiling.
Response: While it is not real as a physical object, it is considered real metaphorically, as it represents an invisible barrier that hinder women from rising beyond a certain organizational or societal hierarchy.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Jill, a 60-year-old personal training client, wants to improve her hip flexibility. She
repeatedly bounces up and down, trying to touch her toes from a standing position. Will hip
flexibility be the expected outcome of this exercise? Is her technique appropriate? What
modifications would you make, if any?
Response: In practice, she may find some improvements in her hip flexibility, but certainly this is not the right, nor optimal, technique to improve her hip flexibility. She risks injuring herself with this kind of movement. This is because every tendon has a stretch reflex, and when triggered, will cause the muscle connected to it to contract; for example, when the patellar tendon underneath your knee is hit by your doctor during your yearly checkup, your quads contract involuntarily and your leg kicks up. When you are stretching, you are elongating the muscles. If you bounce while stretching, you can activate your tendon’s stretch reflex, causing your muscle to try and contract while also elongating it, which may tear the muscle or even detach the tendon from the bone in extreme cases. I would recommend her to not bounce during toe touches, and focus on keeping the motion static.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Did Ghana lose by 100 against India in a soccer game?
Response: This game actually didn't happen but Ghanaians and the entire nation some believe it did and tell stories about it. Our parents describe the game as very intriguing filled with mythical black magic and powers. It is believe that the soccer ball turned in the course of the game turned into different sorts of objects every time Ghana had possession. This however aided the Indian team to put up 100 goals whereas Ghana only scored 1. Lastly, legend has it that the Ghanaian player that scored the only goal for Ghana died afterwards
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Name some countries that don't share a border with any other countries.
Response: New Zealand, Australia and Japan do not share a border with any other country.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: Extract from the text the name of the movie in which Matilde Ciccia had a role
Context: Matilde Ciccia (born 6 October 1952 in Monasterace) is an Italian former ice dancer. Competing with Lamberto Ceserani, she won the gold medal at the Italian Figure Skating Championships several times. They finished fifth at the 1975 World Championships and sixth at the 1976 Winter Olympics. Ciccia had a role in the 1980 movie Zappatore.
Response: Zappatore
Category: general_qa
Instruction: What is a SCOBY in kombucha making?
Response: A SCOBY is a symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast. This is what allows the fermentation process to occur to make kombucha and is often referred to as the kombucha starter. The bacteria and yeast in the SCOBY convert the sugar present in the sweet tea used to make alcohol, and also creates the fizziness typical in kombucha. Often the pellicle that forms on the top of the kombucha liquid is referred to as the SCOBY but this is a heated topic amongst many kombucha makers if that is necessary to include as a starter when brewing your next batch of kombucha.
Category: classification
Instruction: Categorize the following animals into sea or land animals: shark, dolphin, bear, rat, salmon, moose, cockroach, manatee
Response: Shark: Sea Animal
Dolphin: Sea Animal
Bear: Land Animal
Rat: Land Animal
Salmon: Sea Animal
Moose: Land Animal
Cockroach: Land Animal
Manatee: Sea Animal
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Did José Altuve cheat in 2017?
Context: In 2019, Altuve's role in the 2017 World Series gained nationwide attention in the Houston Astros sign stealing scandal. With regard to the scandal, Altuve said, "I'm not going to say to you that it was good — it was wrong. We feel bad, we feel remorse, like I said, the impact on the fans, the impact on the game — we feel bad." According to the website signstealingscandal.com, Altuve's instances of hearing the trash can banging were significantly lower than those of any other everyday player. Peter Gammons noted in 2022 that when he talked to Altuve in 2020 about how players, coaches, and members in the organization believed that Altuve did not participate in the stealing, Altuve declined to talk about it. He stated that it would be a "betrayal of my teammates" to discuss the matter and asked that Gammons not write about it. Despite this, many Astros players have defended Altuve in particular of any wrongdoing. Carlos Correa, in an interview with Ken Rosenthal, stated of Altuve's role in the scandal: "The few times that the trash can was banged was without his consent, and he would go inside the clubhouse and inside the dugout to whoever was banging the trash can and he would get pissed. He would get mad. He would say, 'I don't want this. I can't hit like this. Don't you do that to me.' He played the game clean"; Correa's comments came after Dodgers outfielder Cody Bellinger accused Altuve of stealing the MVP Award from runner-up Aaron Judge.
Response: José Altuve played for the 2017 Astros, who are known to have used an illegal sign stealing system, but Altuve himself did not participate in the system and did not cheat.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What caused Covid 19?
Response: The novel virus was first identified in an outbreak in the Chinese city of Wuhan in December 2019. Attempts to contain it there failed, allowing the virus to spread to other areas of Asia and later worldwide. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the outbreak a public health emergency of international concern on 30 January 2020, and a pandemic on 11 March 2020. As of 10 March 2023, the pandemic had caused more than 676 million cases and 6.88 million confirmed deaths, making it one of the deadliest in history.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: What is the greenhouse effect?
Response: The greenhouse effect is the process by which the sun's energy gets trapped in a planet's atmosphere and heat's the planet's surface. The energy gets trapped due to the planet's atmosphere having a higher transparency to visible radiation from the sun than it does to infrared radiation that gets emitted after bouncing off of the planet's surface.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is Dataproc?
Response: Dataproc is a fully managed and highly scalable service for running Apache Hadoop, Apache Spark, Apache Flink, Presto, and 30+ open source tools and frameworks.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Who is the company Roche
Response: F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, commonly known as Roche, is a Swiss multinational healthcare company that operates worldwide under two divisions: Pharmaceuticals and Diagnostics. Its holding company, Roche Holding AG, has shares listed on the SIX Swiss Exchange. The company headquarters are located in Basel. Roche is the fifth largest pharmaceutical company in the world by revenue, and the leading provider of cancer treatments globally.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: Extract the source of silicone carbide in nature.
Context: Silicon carbide (SiC), also known as carborundum (/ˌkɑːrbəˈrʌndəm/), is a hard chemical compound containing silicon and carbon. A semiconductor, it occurs in nature as the extremely rare mineral moissanite, but has been mass-produced as a powder and crystal since 1893 for use as an abrasive. Grains of silicon carbide can be bonded together by sintering to form very hard ceramics that are widely used in applications requiring high endurance, such as car brakes, car clutches and ceramic plates in bulletproof vests. Large single crystals of silicon carbide can be grown by the Lely method and they can be cut into gems known as synthetic moissanite.
Response: Silicon carbide occurs in nature as the extremely rare mineral moissanite
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What are the top graph databases?
Response: 1. Neo4j
2. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB
3. Virtuoso 
4. ArangoDB 
5. Amazon Neptune
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What are the key elements to a companies income statement?
Response: Gross Revenue, Net Revenue, Cost of Goods Sold, Gross Profit, Sales of Goods & Administration, Marketing, Operational Expenses, Operating Income
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: What do you get by substituting the oxygen in the isocyanate group with a sulfur?
Context: In organic chemistry, isothiocyanate is the functional group −N=C=S, formed by substituting the oxygen in the isocyanate group with a sulfur. Many natural isothiocyanates from plants are produced by enzymatic conversion of metabolites called glucosinolates. These natural isothiocyanates, such as allyl isothiocyanate, are also known as mustard oils. An artificial isothiocyanate, phenyl isothiocyanate, is used for amino acid sequencing in the Edman degradation.
Response: In organic chemistry, isothiocyanate is the functional group −N=C=S, formed by substituting the oxygen in the isocyanate group with a sulfur. Many natural isothiocyanates from plants are produced by enzymatic conversion of metabolites called glucosinolates. These natural isothiocyanates, such as allyl isothiocyanate, are also known as mustard oils. An artificial isothiocyanate, phenyl isothiocyanate, is used for amino acid sequencing in the Edman degradation.

Cruciferous vegetables, such as bok choy, broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, kale, and others, are rich sources of glucosinolate precursors of isothiocyanates. Although there has been some basic research on how isothiocyanates might exert biological effects in vivo, there is no high-quality evidence to date for its efficacy against human diseases
Category: open_qa
Instruction: When was the Roman empire founded?
Response: The Roman empire was founded after the Republican period in 27BC and went through 1453AD. Some sources claim that the Roman Empire ended in 476AD with the fall of Rome via the Barbarian leader, Odoacer, however this is not true. The Roman empire continued on through the Eastern half of the Roman Empire. The Eastern Roman Empire is commonly referred to as the Byzantines. However, the Byzantines is a modern creation of referring to this Eastern Empire. In fact, all of the way through 1453AD, the people of the Eastern Roman Empire referred to themselves as Romans.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: What are the steps to perform breathing meditation?
Response: The simplest, most elegant and accessible breathing meditation technique is called "Sohum Sadhana". The way to perform it is the following:
1. Sit in a comfortable posture. Any posture which you can maintain without unsure stress anywhere on the body is fine.
2. Close your eyes.
3. Breathe in and out as you normally would.
4. While inhaling, mentally recite the syllable "So", with a long "o", which stretches as long as inhalation action continues.
5. While exhaling, mentally recite the syllable "hum", with the "um" pronounced as in "rum". Let the ending "m" sound continue until the end of the exhalation action.
6. Keeps repeating steps 5 and 6 as long as you want.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Which female artists sold over 40 million copies of an album?
Response: Only 2 female artists sold over 40 million copies of an album. 
- Whitney Houston / various artists "The Bodyguard" in 1992
- Shania Twain "Come On Over" in 1997
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Which of the following animals are marine mammals: Human, Dog, Bonobos, Cat, Bats, Whale shark, Bears, Orangutans, Great white shark, Lion, Ocean sunfish, Koala, Cheetah, Beluga sturgeon, Orca, Gorillas, Camel, Hamsters, Lemurs, Blue whale, Chimpanzee
Response: Of those animals you mentioned, some of them are mammals, some are marine animals and only a smaller number of them are marine mammals. The following can be classified as marine mammals: Orca and Blue whale.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: What is a Druid?
Context: A druid was a member of the high-ranking class in ancient Celtic cultures. Druids were religious leaders as well as legal authorities, adjudicators, lorekeepers, medical professionals and political advisors. Druids left no written accounts. While they were reported to have been literate, they are believed to have been prevented by doctrine from recording their knowledge in written form. Their beliefs and practices are attested in some detail by their contemporaries from other cultures, such as the Romans and the Greeks.
Response: A druid was a member of the high-ranking class in ancient Celtic cultures.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is measured on the Gay-Lussac scale
Response: Alcohol strength
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: What are some decoration ideas for my apartment for celebrating Easter?
Response: Easter is a fun holiday to celebrate due to its association with spring time and animals. Some ideas for decorating your apartment are:
- Hiding painted eggs all over the place
- Placing fake grass and bunny figurines on the coffee table
- Putting out egg shaped candy for guests to enjoy
- Hanging pink, blue, orange, and green streamers from your doorway
- Placing flowers in vases on the dining table
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: There are two definitions currently used for subtropical cyclones depending on which two geographic locations?
Context: There are two definitions currently used for subtropical cyclones depending on their location. Across the north Atlantic and southwest Indian Ocean, they require some central convection fairly near the center surrounding a warming core existing in the mid-levels of the troposphere. Across the eastern half of the northern Pacific however, they require a mid-tropospheric cyclone to be cut off from the main belt of the westerlies and with only a weak surface circulation. Subtropical cyclones have wider wind fields with the maximum sustained winds located further from the center than typical tropical cyclones, and have no weather fronts linked into their center.
Response: Subtropical cyclones are defined differently between the north Atlantic/southwest Indian Ocean area and the northern Pacific.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is a Fully paid share?
Response: A share becomes fully paid when the company issuing it has received all the money due for the share.
Category: classification
Instruction: Identify which animal species is alive or extinct: Tasmanian Tiger, Macaw
Response: Macaw is alive, Tasmanian Tiger is extinct.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Give me a list of 5 well known Nordic Gods and Goddesses.
Response: 1. Odin: This is the supremest and considered greatest deity in Norse mythology. He is often referred as the god of war.
2. Thor: Thor was Odin's son. He was known for his strength, bravery and often referred as the god of thunder.
3. Freya: She was one of the most passionate goddesses. She was mainly associated with fertility and beauty.
4. Loki: Loki was often associated with mischief who can shift his shape to another form of animal. He also tricked some other gods to perform some undesirable acts.
5. Frigg: She was the wife of Odin and queen of Asgard who contained the power of divination.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: When will George R.R. Martin release the sixth book in the series "A Song of Ice and Fire"?
Response: No release date has been announced yet for the sixth book titled "The Winds of Winter." Author George R.R. Martin previously indicated on various occasions that it would be released in 2016, then 2017, then 2018. In October 2022, he appeared on "The Late Show with Stephen Colbert" and said that approximately three-quarters of the novel had been written.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: How do plants get their energy
Response: They use photosynthesis and turn the sunlight into glucose as food
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: When are storms most common in the North Indian basin?
Context: Summer is traditionally associated with hot or warm weather. In Mediterranean climates, it is also associated with dry weather, while in other places (particularly in Eastern Asia because of the monsoon) it is associated with rainy weather. The wet season is the main period of vegetation growth within the savanna climate regime. Where the wet season is associated with a seasonal shift in the prevailing winds, it is known as a monsoon.
In the northern Atlantic Ocean, a distinct tropical cyclone season occurs from 1 June to 30 November. The statistical peak of the Atlantic hurricane season is 10 September. The Northeast Pacific Ocean has a broader period of activity, but in a similar timeframe to the Atlantic. The Northwest Pacific sees tropical cyclones year-round, with a minimum in February and March and a peak in early September. In the North Indian basin, storms are most common from April to December, with peaks in May and November. In the Southern Hemisphere, the tropical cyclone season runs from the start of November until the end of April with peaks in mid-February to early March.
Thunderstorm season in the United States and Canada runs in the spring through summer but sometimes can run as late as October or even November in the fall. These storms can produce hail, strong winds and tornadoes, usually during the afternoon and evening.
Response: In the North Indian basin, storms are most common from April to December, with peaks in May and November.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Why are over partitioned tables poor data layout strategy
Response: Over-partitioning creates physical boundaries beyond which the file compaction and z-ordering aren’t effective and you’re still left with the small files problems. With Delta, a better strategy is to use combination of partitioning and z-ordering to allow for better file layouts. 

Would be helpful to understand the business requirements & design details behind these highly partitioned tables you have in parquet today
Category: classification
Instruction: Which characters belong to DC or Marvel Universe? Scarlet Witch, Zatanna
Response: Zatanna is DC, Scarlet Witch is Marvel
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: How large is the runway of the Richton-Perry County Airport?
Context: Richton-Perry County Airport covers an area of 55 acres (22 ha) at an elevation of 167 feet (51 m) above mean sea level. It has one runway designated 18/36 with an asphalt surface measuring 3,000 by 60 feet (914 x 18 m).

For the 12-month period ending November 17, 2011, the airport had 1,400 general aviation aircraft operations, an average of 116 per month. At that time there were two single-engine aircraft based at this airport.
Response: The single runway at the Richton-Perry County Airport is 18000 square feet in area (it's dimensions are 3,000 by 60 feet)
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Give me a list of the best romantic comedies
Response: -My Big Fat Greek Wedding
-How to Lose a Guy in 10 Days
-Clueless
-13 Going On 30
-She's The Man
-Just Go With It
-The Sweetest Thing
-Set It Up
Category: classification
Instruction: Which characters belong to DC or Marvel Universe? Mr Fantastic, Plastic Man, Elongated Man
Response: Plastic Man and Elongated Man are DC, Mr Fantastic is Marvel
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is alkaline ionized water is it good for me?
Response: Alkaline ionized water can be created in a number of ways.  Alkaline water ionizers make water alkaline through a process called electrolysis.  Electrolysis separates water into two streams of water - alkaline and acidic water using electricity flowing through an electrode plate in the machine.  Some of the properties of alkaline ionized water is that it had molecular hydrogen, and it is also alkaline.  Molecular hydrogen is a good anti-inflammatory for the body, and it should be consumed daily if possible.  Alkaline water ionizers also make the water alkaline without the use of chemicals in the water like baking soda.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is Methadone intermediate
Response: Methadone intermediate is a methadone precursor scheduled by UN Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs. It is a Schedule II Narcotic controlled substance in the United States and has an ACSCN of 9254. The 2014 annual manufacturing quota was 32 875 kilos.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: What is Douglas Stuart Moore's best remembered for?
Context: Douglas Stuart Moore (August 10, 1893 – July 25, 1969) was an American composer, songwriter, organist, pianist, conductor, educator, actor, and author. A composer who mainly wrote works with an American subject, his music is generally characterized by lyricism in a popular or conservative style which generally eschewed the more experimental progressive trends of musical modernism. Composer Virgil Thomson described Moore as a neoromantic composer who was influenced by American folk music. While several of his works enjoyed popularity during his lifetime, only his folk opera The Ballad of Baby Doe (1956) has remained well known into the 21st century.
Response: The Ballad of Baby Doe (1956) as it has remained well known into the 21st century.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: What are brambles?
Response: A bramble is any rough, tangled, prickly shrub, usually in the genus Rubus, which grows blackberries, raspberries, or dewberries. "Bramble" is also used to describe other prickly shrubs, such as roses (Rosa species). The fruits include blackberries, arctic brambleberries, or raspberries, depending on the species, and are used to make jellies, jams, and preserves.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: When rock climbing, what is the difference between lead climbing and top rope climbing?
Response: The difference between lead climbing and top rope climbing has to do with the location of the rope when the climb is started. In lead climbing the rope begins at the bottom attached to the climber as well as the belayer. The climber must then bring the rope from the bottom of the route to the top by clipping into a series of quick draws that are generally placed 10-15 feet apart. If a person were to fall while lead climbing, they would be caught by the last quick draw they clipped into. When top rope climbing, the rope is already at the top of the route. This means the climber must tie into one side of the rope while their belayer must clip into the other side of the rope. As the climber ascends higher up the route the belayer must take out the slack of the rope as opposed to lead climbing where the belayer would be giving slack. When a person falls in top rope climbing they will only fall a short distance as the rope is already clipped in above them at the top of the route, so how far they fall will be determined by how much slack the belayer has not taken in.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Help plan a first date in San Francisco
Response: You could start a first date by heading to a local bar - depending on where you live in the city of San Francisco, you might choose a different bar. For example, if you live in the Russian Hill area, you could go to a bar called Bar Iris. Subsequently, you could choose to go to other nearby restaurants or bars as well.
Category: classification
Instruction: Which are the U.S. cities and which are U.S. states in this list? Montana, Chicago, New York, Atlanta, Honolulu, Florida, Austin, South Dakota
Response: U.S. cities in the list: Chicago, New York, Atlanta, Honolulu, Austin
U.S. states in the list: Montana, New York, Florida, South Dakota