fedml/databricks-dolly-15k-niid huggingface dataset:
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: What is the difference between Parthian and Arsacid Empire?
Context: The Parthian Empire, also known as the Arsacid Empire was a major Iranian political and cultural power in ancient Iran from 247 BC to 224 AD. Its latter name comes from its founder, Arsaces I, who led the Parni tribe in conquering the region of Parthia in Iran's northeast, then a satrapy (province) under Andragoras, who was rebelling against the Seleucid Empire. Mithridates I (r. c. 171–132 BC) greatly expanded the empire by seizing Media and Mesopotamia from the Seleucids. At its height, the Parthian Empire stretched from the northern reaches of the Euphrates, in what is now central-eastern Turkey, to present-day Afghanistan and western Pakistan. The empire, located on the Silk Road trade route between the Roman Empire in the Mediterranean Basin and the Han dynasty of China, became a center of trade and commerce.
Response: Parthian and Arsacid are different names of the same ancient Iranian empire that ruled from 247 BC to 224 AD. The Parthian Kings, or Shahs, often used Arsaces as their crown names which is why some refer to this empire as the Arsacids. They are also called Parthian because they started by conquering the region of Partha in Iran's northeast and the adopted the language of that region, called Parthian Middle Persian.
Category: classification
Instruction: Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Skrabalai, Zeze
Response: Zeze is string, Skrabalai is percussion.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: What is a clique in graph theory?
Context: In the mathematical area of graph theory, a clique is a subset of vertices of an undirected graph such that every two distinct vertices in the clique are adjacent. That is, a clique of a graph  G is an induced subgraph of  G that is complete. Cliques are one of the basic concepts of graph theory and are used in many other mathematical problems and constructions on graphs. Cliques have also been studied in computer science: the task of finding whether there is a clique of a given size in a graph (the clique problem) is NP-complete, but despite this hardness result, many algorithms for finding cliques have been studied.

Although the study of complete subgraphs goes back at least to the graph-theoretic reformulation of Ramsey theory by Erdős & Szekeres (1935), the term clique comes from Luce & Perry (1949), who used complete subgraphs in social networks to model cliques of people; that is, groups of people all of whom know each other. Cliques have many other applications in the sciences and particularly in bioinformatics.
Response: In graph theory, a clique is a subset of vertices of an undirected graph such that every two distinct vertices in the clique are adjacent.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Name the person  from Bangladesh who won Pulitzer Prize 2022
Response: Fahmida Azim(Painter and story writer)
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Was Furze Hill an established community in the 19th century?
Context: Furze Hill (or Furzehill) is a hamlet situated in the New Forest National Park of Hampshire, England. It is in the civil parish of Ellingham, Harbridge and Ibsley. Its nearest town is Fordingbridge, which lies approximately 3.1 miles (5.2 km) north-west from the hamlet.

Furze Hill is a hamlet in the civil parish of Hyde. It is situated on low ground on either side of Huckles Brook on the South Gorley to Ogdens road. The houses are surrounded by fields and paddocks. Additional houses can be found at the southern edge of Gorley Common lining a narrow track to North Gorley.

Furze Hill is the most recent settlement in the parish of Hyde, becoming an established community only in the 20th century.
Response: No, it was not an established community until the 20th century.
Category: creative_writing
Instruction: Why is working out important for humans?
Response: There are a multitude of reasons why people from all across the global and different background prioritize working out. To start, the obvious is because it helps grow and maintain muscle mass. As a result of having more muscle, humans typically feel better and look better about themselves. Another reason is because working out and exercising help you burn fat, and lose weight, therefore increasing your overall health. Some people also look to workout as a way to make friends and be social, group workout classes are a great way to make friends and meet people. Mentally working out also increases certain brain chemicals that help fight depression and anxiety.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Who has hosted Saturday Night Live the most in the history of the show?
Response: Actor Alec Baldwin has hosted Saturday Night Live 17 times since 1990.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Which types of fish contain the lowest levels of mercury?
Response: The following types of fish contain low levels of mercury: salmon, flounder, Atlantic mackerel, anchovies, pollock, catfish, and shellfish (e.g., clams, scallops, mussels).
Category: open_qa
Instruction: is operations a great career
Response: yes
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Give me a bulleted list of the 5 oldest countries in the world:
Response: Here are the 5 oldest countries in the world:

- Egypt
- Greece
- Hungary
- France
- Japan
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: The Bud Freeman All-Stars featuring Shorty Baker
Response: AllMusic reviewer Scott Yanow stated: "Tenor-sax great Bud Freeman, who is often associated with the Eddie Condon school of Nicksieland, is heard heading an excellent swing quintet for this 1960 studio session. Trumpeter Harold "Shorty" Baker (best known for his periods with Duke Ellington) made too few small-group recordings throughout his life so this is one of his best ... the group plays superior standards and a couple of originals on this fine swing date"
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: Give an introduction of Fairfax county in Virginia.
Context: Fairfax County, officially the County of Fairfax, is a county in the Commonwealth of Virginia. It is part of Northern Virginia and borders both the city of Alexandria and Arlington County and forms part of the suburban ring of Washington, D.C. The county is predominantly suburban in character with some urban and rural pockets.

As of the 2020 census, the population was 1,150,309, making it Virginia's most populous jurisdiction, with around 13% of the Commonwealth's population. The county is also the most populous jurisdiction in the Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV Metropolitan Statistical Area, with around 20% of the MSA population, as well as the larger Washington-Baltimore-Arlington, DC-MD-VA-WV-PA Combined Statistical Area, with around 13% of the CSA population. The county seat is Fairfax, although because it is an independent city under Virginia law, the city of Fairfax is not part of Fairfax County.

Fairfax was the first U.S. county to reach a six-figure median household income and has the third-highest median household income of any county-level local jurisdiction in the U.S. Fairfax County, as part of the Washington, D.C. metropolitan area, is usually included atop or near the top of lists of the wealthiest areas in the United States.

The county is home to the headquarters of several intelligence agencies such as the Central Intelligence Agency, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, National Reconnaissance Office, National Counterterrorism Center, and Office of the Director of National Intelligence as well as the headquarters of several aerospace manufacturing and defense industry giants. The county is also home to the flagship campus of George Mason University, and headquarters to seven Fortune 500 companies, including three in the Falls Church area, though not in the independent municipality of Falls Church.
Response: Fairfax county locates in northern Virginia, it is bounded on the north and southeast by the Potomac River.  The county has a populate of 1,164,025 in 2022, with a growth of 13,716 from 2020.  It is also the most populous jurisdiction in the Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV Metropolitan Statistical Area

Fairfax has a thriving economy, attractive to business and is headquarters to several Fortune 500 companies.  Fairfax has excellent schools, it's public school system is top-ranked in the nation, and is home to George Mason University.  

Fairfax County is also home to many historic sites and cultural attractions; like Mount Vernon, Wolf Trap national park.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: What does a typical financial planning and analysis team structure consist of?
Response: Typically, a financial planning and analysis team will consist of a financial analyst, senior financial analyst, finance manager, director, and VP. This team will usually fall under the chief financial officer for the company.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: What is the Shy Plant?
Response: The scientific name of the shy plant also known as the shame plant is Mimosa pudica, which means shy, bashful, and sensitive. The structures of the shy plant are interesting; it has an herbaceous stem. As well as a dicot on a monocot stem. It has beautiful flowers and leaves that are green, and they are thigmotropism negative. When the shy plant's leaves are touched, they curl up. The Shy plant needs direct sunlight, and 70 to 80 degrees indoors is a good place for it. When the need to water comes, the soil must be 50% dry. The medical value of the Shy plant is great. It helps with Hemorrhoids, infections, sores, and sinuses.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Who was Thomas Ransom
Response: Thomas Harvey Ransom (August 8, 1870 – June 3, 1946) was an American football and basketball coach and a doctor.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Why do people travel to islands for a holiday?
Response: Islands are a great location for people to enjoy the sunny weather, beautiful locations, tropical fruits and usually wonderful food. This especially appeals to people who live in countries who experience four seasons and may look for better weather during winter and autumn seasons. Islands also usually host very nice beaches.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Who is the winningest college women's basketball coach?
Response: Geno Auriemma has the most wins in NCAA women's basketball history for a head coach. He has 1180 career wins, all with the University of Connecticut.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: The first human case of Monkeypox was recorded in
Response: Democratic Republic of the Congo(DRC)
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Given this paragraph on the Persian language, which are the 2 sub groups of the Western Iranian language?
Context: The Western Iranian languages themselves are divided into two subgroups: Southwestern Iranian languages, of which Persian is the most widely spoken, and Northwestern Iranian languages, of which Kurdish and Balochi are the most widely spoken
Response: Southwestern and Northwestern Iranian language
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: What are some good places to visit in and around Austin?
Response: Austin by itself is a mid size city in Central Texas. From a college town it has elevated itself to be a technology hub in the country in 2010s. Apart from a vibrant, musical feel and decent sized downtown area, there are some great places to visit, hangout and eat at. The Domain is a chic urban living area just north of downtown. Lake travis and the shoreline offer ample parks and hiking choices, and a must visit eat/drink location, The Oasis. West of Austin offers a peak at hill country, and Balcon Canyonlands, an open area for ample hiking opportunities. Mount Bonnell, a great short hike, and a beautiful view of sunset over colorado river. Barton Creek and Bee Cave also has a lot of activities going on. In the middle of downtown one can walk or bike on the boardwalk over ladybird lake, or just go chill at Zilker park.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: What are the tennis ball made of?
Context: Tennis balls were originally made of cloth strips stitched together with thread and stuffed with feathers. Modern tennis balls are made of hollow vulcanized rubber with a felt coating. Traditionally white, the predominant colour was gradually changed to optic yellow in the latter part of the 20th century to allow for improved visibility. Tennis balls must conform to certain criteria for size, weight, deformation, and bounce to be approved for regulation play. The International Tennis Federation (ITF) defines the official diameter as 65.41–68.58 mm (2.575–2.700 in). Balls must weigh between 56.0 and 59.4 g (1.98 and 2.10 oz).
Response: Nowadays most tennis balls are made of hollow vulcanized rubber with a felt coating.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: How would you categorize the following sports into two groups; football, rugby, cricket and baseball
Response: If I were to categorize these sports into 2 groups I would split them up into striking and invasion-based games. Football and Rugby are both invasion games, meaning two teams must attack their opposition's territory in order to score points. Baseball and cricket both involve two teams in set positions who must strike a ball in order to score points.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Given this paragraph, what is the out of state acceptance rate at the University of Virginia?
Context: For the undergraduate Class of 2023, the University of Virginia received a record 40,815 applications, admitting 24 percent. Approximately 40 percent of those admitted are non-white. Matriculated students come from all 50 states and 147 foreign countries. UVA is required, by Virginia state law, to matriculate two-thirds of its undergraduate student body from its pool of in-state applicants. As a result, its acceptance rate for in-state students (36 percent) is nearly twice the out-of-state rate (19 percent) as of 2019. The university has seen steady increases to its applicant pool in recent decades, and the number of applications has more than doubled since the Class of 2008 received 15,094 applications. As of 2014, 93 percent of admitted applicants ranked in the top 10 percent of their high school classes.
Response: The out of state acceptance rate at the University of Virginia is 19%.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is a ceiling joist?
Response: The main framing members used to span various structures in modern building construction.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: From the passage provided, provide the two scenarios in bullet form where radiative heat transfer is an important consideration.
Context: Radiative heat transfer is the transfer of energy via thermal radiation, i.e., electromagnetic waves. It occurs across vacuum or any transparent medium (solid or fluid or gas). Thermal radiation is emitted by all objects at temperatures above absolute zero, due to random movements of atoms and molecules in matter. Since these atoms and molecules are composed of charged particles (protons and electrons), their movement results in the emission of electromagnetic radiation which carries away energy. Radiation is typically only important in engineering applications for very hot objects, or for objects with a large temperature difference.
Response: Radiative heat transfer is an important consideration when:
- Engineering applications for very hot objects
- Engineering applications for objects with a large temperature difference
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: What is Lady Gaga's real name?
Context: Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta (/ˈstɛfəni ˌdʒɜːrməˈnɒtə/ (listen) STEF-ən-ee JUR-mə-NOT-ə; born March 28, 1986), known professionally as Lady Gaga, is an American singer, songwriter and actress. She is known for her image reinventions and musical versatility. Gaga began performing as a teenager, singing at open mic nights and acting in school plays. She studied at Collaborative Arts Project 21, through the New York University Tisch School of the Arts, before dropping out to pursue a career in music. After Def Jam Recordings canceled her contract, she worked as a songwriter for Sony/ATV Music Publishing, where she signed a joint deal with Interscope Records and KonLive Distribution, in 2007. Gaga had her breakthrough the following year with her debut studio album, The Fame, and its chart-topping singles "Just Dance" and "Poker Face". The album was later reissued to include the extended play The Fame Monster (2009), which yielded the successful singles "Bad Romance", "Telephone", and "Alejandro".
Response: Lady Gaga is the professional name for Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Why do people like to ski?
Response: Skiing is a great way to get out into the open air in the winter months.  It also provides a great way to stay active, challenge yourself, be with family members, and enjoy the great outdoors.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction?
Response: The Pulitzer in Fiction is awarded each year to the American author who published the best novel written in the prior year.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Given this table of train services, how many trains are there between Leeuwarden and Zwolle per day? Explain your math.
Context: Train services
Route	Service type	Operator	Notes
Zwolle – Meppel – Groningen	Local ("Sprinters")	NS	2x per hour – On Sundays, this train operates 1x per hour until 15:00, then 2x per hour after
Leeuwarden – Heerenveen – Meppel – Zwolle – Amersfoort – Utrecht – Gouda – Rotterdam	Express ("Intercity")	NS	1x per hour
Leeuwarden – Heerenveen – Meppel – Zwolle – Lelystad – Almere – Amsterdam – Schiphol – Leiden – Den Haag	Express ("Intercity")	NS	1x per hour
Leeuwarden – Heerenveen – Meppel	Local ("Sprinter")	NS	2x per hour – 1x per hour after 20:00 and on weekends
Response: There are 48 trains between Leeuwarden and Zwolle per day. The trains from Leeuwarden to Rotterdam travel once an hour, and the trains from Leeuwarden to Den Haag travel once an hour. Since there are 24 hours in a day, and two routes, the total number of daily trains between Leeuwarden and Zwolle per day is 48. If the train service shuts down at night, as is common, there may be fewer than 48 trains between Leeuwarden and Zwolle per day. However, that information is not included in the provided table.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: What style of music is played in the World of Warcraft game?
Context: Almost all of the music in World of Warcraft is orchestral, with a wide variety of classical and folk instruments in harmony, often playing widely transformative, non-repetitive melodies. While the player is in game, music is usually playing from a set of tracks composed to match the mood of the type of environment your character is in such as "mountain", "forest", "plains", "jungle", et cetera; while some individual zones and cities such as Elwynn Forest and Thunder Bluff are given their own set of tracks. Some environments play different music depending on the time of day you are in them.
Response: Most of the music in World of Warcraft is orchestral, with a variety of classical and folk instruments in harmony.
Category: classification
Instruction: Which is a species of fish? Pintano or Pint
Response: Pintano
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: Based on this paragraph, how many jobs are created by tourism in Germany?
Context: Germany is the ninth-most visited country in the world as of 2017, with 37.4 million visits. Domestic and international travel and tourism combined directly contribute over €105.3 billion to German GDP. Including indirect and induced impacts, the industry supports 4.2 million jobs.
Response: 4.2 million jobs are created by tourism in Germany.
Category: classification
Instruction: Which is a species of fish? Black Mamba or Black Sea Bass
Response: Black Sea Bass
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: According to this paragraph, what is UVA's overall ranking among national universities?
Context: U.S. News & World Report ranks UVA tied for 25th among national universities overall, 3rd among public universities and tied for 110th among global universities in its 2022 report, 8th best business program and 3rd best business management program.
Response: UVA tied for 25th among national universities.
Category: summarization
Instruction: Summarize the rulers of the territory of Albania in this time period.
Context: The Illyrian Ardiaei tribe, centred in Montenegro, ruled over most of the territory of Albania. Their Ardiaean Kingdom reached its greatest extent under King Agron, the son of Pleuratus II. Agron extended his rule over other neighbouring tribes as well. Following Agron's death in 230 BC, his wife, Teuta, inherited the Ardiaean kingdom. Teuta's forces extended their operations further southwards to the Ionian Sea. In 229 BC, Rome declared war on the kingdom for extensively plundering Roman ships. The war ended in Illyrian defeat in 227 BC. Teuta was eventually succeeded by Gentius in 181 BC. Gentius clashed with the Romans in 168 BC, initiating the Third Illyrian War. The conflict resulted in Roman conquest of the region by 167 BC. The Romans split the region into three administrative divisions.
Response: King Agron ruled the territory of Albania, followed by his wife Teuta from 230 BC, and then Gentius from 181 BC. The Romans conquered the region in 167 BC.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is the tallest tree in the world
Response: Coastal redwood (Sequoia sempervirens)
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Is the person who invented bitcoin Japanese?
Context: Satoshi Nakamoto (born 5 April 1975) is the name used by the presumed pseudonymous person or persons who developed bitcoin, authored the bitcoin white paper, and created and deployed bitcoin's original reference implementation. As part of the implementation, Nakamoto also devised the first blockchain database. Nakamoto was active in the development of bitcoin up until December 2010.

There has been widespread speculation about Satoshi Nakamoto's true identity, with a variety of people posited as the person or persons behind the name. Though Nakamoto's name is Japanese, and he stated in 2012 that he was a man living in Japan, most of the speculation has involved software and cryptography experts in the United States or Europe.
Response: The answer is uncertain because this man was presumed to be living in Japan but he or she could be from Europe or American or anywhere in the world.
Category: summarization
Instruction: What is Forest Park (Springfield, MA)?
Context: Forest Park in Springfield, Massachusetts, is one of the largest urban, municipal parks in the United States, covering 735 acres (297 ha) of land overlooking the Connecticut River. Forest Park features a zoo, aquatic gardens, and outdoor amphitheater, in addition to design elements like winding wooded trails, and surprising, expansive views. The site of America's first public, municipal swimming pool, currently, during the holiday months Forest Park hosts a popular high-tech lighting display, known as Bright Nights. Contrary to popular belief, the park was not designed by Frederick Law Olmsted.
Response: Forest Park is an urban park in Springfield, MA.  It covers 735 acres and overlooks the Connecticut River.  The park features a zoo, aquatic gardens, an outdoor amphitheater, as well as winding wooded trails and expansive views.  Forest Park is the site of the first public municipal swimming pool in the US.  During holiday months it hosts a high-tech lighting display known as Bright Nights.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is the difference between the Scala Future onComplete and andThen functions?
Response: Both `andThen` and `onComplete` allow you to observe the result of some future via a callback function. However, `andThen` can be chained, and unlike `onComplete`, it guarantees the order in which callback functions will be applied. In addition, the callback given to `andThen` may be a partial function, handling only a subset of outcomes (e.g., only `Success` or only `Failure`).

Consider the following example using `andThen` and `map`:

```
def demoAndThen(fut: Future[Int]): Future[Int] = {
  fut.andThen { case Success(value) => println(s"andThen1: $value") }
    .andThen { case Success(value) => println(s"andThen2: $value") }
    .map { i =>
      println(s"map: $i")
      i
    }
}
```

When `fut` completes successfully, "andthen1: ...", "andThen2: ..." and "map: ..." will be printed in that order.

Consider the analogous example using `onComplete` and `map`:

```
def demoOnComplete(fut: Future[Int]): Future[Int] = {
  fut.onComplete { t: Try[Int] => println(s"onComplete1: $t") }
  fut.onComplete { t: Try[Int] => println(s"onComplete2: $t") }
  fut.map { i =>
    println(s"map: $i")
    i
  }
}
```

In this case, when `fut` completes successfully, "onComplete1: ...", "onComplete2: ..." and "map: ..." will be printed in some unspecified order.

Although `andThen` is chained, the callback function does not generally affect the outcome of the resulting `Future`. But be aware: if the callback throws some fatal errors, the resulting future will never complete.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: What are the best places in the United States for a golf trip?
Response: The best places in the USA to take a golf trip:
Pinehurst, North Carolina
Kiawah Island, South Carolina
Pebble Beach, California
Scottsdale, Arizona
Streamsong, Florida
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: How many years were Ian Kemps masterly culmination of his career at Manchester?
Context: Ian Manson Kemp (26 June 1931 – 16 September 2011) was a musicologist and academic.

Biography
Born in Edinburgh on 26 June 1931, Kemp was the son of Roland Kemp, a radio engineer. He attended King Edward VI Grammar School in Chelmsford and Felsted School, before completed National Service in Germany. In 1951, he began undergraduate studies at St John's College, Cambridge under Patrick Hadley and Robin Orr. On graduating in 1954, he began working for Schott & Co., the music publisher. In 1959, he was appointed an assistant lecturer at the University of Aberdeen; he briefly returned to Schott's (1962–64) as head of promotion, but then went back to Aberdeen, this time to take up a senior lectureship. He was elected a fellow of St John's College, Cambridge, in 1971, remaining there until his appointment to the West Riding Chair of Music at the University of Leeds in 1977. He moved to the University of Manchester in 1981 to be Professor of Music, and remained there until retirement in 1991.

Kemp's time at Schott's brought him into contact with distinguished composers, including Michael Tippett, Alexander Goehr, Peter Maxwell Davies and Harrison Birtwistle. He became an expert on Tippett's music, and at Aberdeen he edited Michael Tippett: A Symposium on his 60th Birthday in 1965. His time at Manchester, which The Guardian considers the "culmination" of his career, saw him write a biography of Tippett in 1984, which The Times considered "masterly". He was also a specialist in Paul Hindemith, surveying his work in 1970, and Hector Berlioz, editing the Cambridge Opera Handbook on Berlioz's Les Troyens in 1989.

In his retirement, he lived in North London and then Sussex, but health problems slowed down his scholarly output. He died on 16 September 2011, leaving a widow, the conductor Sian Edwards, and their son, and five children from his first marriage to Gill Turner.
Response: For 10 years, between 1981 and his retirement in 1991
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: From the paragraph about Space Needle, tell me where is located, when it was built, how tall the monument is and one more tourist fact about it.
Context: The Space Needle is an observation tower in Seattle, Washington, United States. Considered to be an icon of the city, it has been designated a Seattle landmark. Located in the Lower Queen Anne neighborhood, it was built in the Seattle Center for the 1962 World's Fair, which drew over 2.3 million visitors.

The Space Needle was once the tallest structure west of the Mississippi River, standing at 605 ft (184 m). The tower is 138 ft (42 m) wide, weighs 9,550 short tons (8,660 metric tons), and is built to withstand winds of up to 200 mph (320 km/h) and earthquakes of up to 9.0 magnitude, as strong as the 1700 Cascadia earthquake.

The Space Needle features an observation deck 520 ft (160 m) above ground, providing views of the downtown Seattle skyline, the Olympic and Cascade Mountains, Mount Rainier, Mount Baker, Elliott Bay, and various islands in Puget Sound. Visitors can reach the top of the Space Needle by elevators, which take 41 seconds. On April 19, 1999, the city's Landmarks Preservation Board designated the tower a historic landmark.
Response: The Space Needle was built in 1962 and it is located in Lower Queen Anne area in the city of Seattle. The tower has a height of 605 feet and it takes 41 seconds for visitors to reach the top of it with an elevator.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: What is the best way to catch fish from pond
Response: Use net, this will give you most area to cover the fish
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: What are some approaches to prevent abuse of LLMs?
Response: Here are some approaches to prevent abuse of LLMs:

1. Prevent users from submitting prompts that contain abusive phrases (a simple keyword ban could work for this).
2. Similar to the first point, prevent the LLM from returning responses that contain abusive phrases based on a simple keyword ban.
3. Provide users the option to upvote/downvote and flag responses from the LLM to collect feedback. An additional classification model could be trained on the responses that were flagged as inappropriate and then used to identify and filter out problematic responses from the LLM in the future before the user sees them.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: How will Artificial Intelligence change the education industry in the future?
Response: If used correctly, Artificial Intelligence will enable the ability to provide differentiated and hyper-individualized educational experiences for the entirety of the individual's life.  By analyzing curriculum, Artificial Intelligence will cater to each student's learning style, accelerating their ability to fully understand and retain the desired material, all while identifying programs with the highest potential for academic success.
Category: summarization
Instruction: What are the islands bathed by the Andfjorden fjord described on this paragraph?
Context: Andfjorden is a fjord on the border of Nordland and Troms og Finnmark counties in Norway. It primarily flows between the large islands of Andøya and Senja. Grytøya and the smaller islands Bjarkøya and Krøttøya are located in the fjord. The main crossing is via the Andenes–Gryllefjord Ferry between Andøy and Senja municipalities. Other municipalities through which the fjord flows are Harstad, and Kvæfjord.
Response: The Andfjorden fjord primarily flows between the Andøya and Senja islands. Grytøya and the smaller islands Bjarkøya and Krøttøya are located in the fjord.
Category: classification
Instruction: Which of the following numbers is a real number: -200, -1.5, -1, 0, 1, 1.5, 200, pi, e, sqrt(-1)?
Response: The real numbers among those are -200, -1.5, -1, 0, 1, 1.5, 200, pi, e
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: What was the first name of Thomas Attewell's brother and cousin?
Context: Thomas Attewell (7 November 1869 – 6 July 1937) was an English first-class cricketer. Attewell was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born at Keyworth, Nottinghamshire.

His brother William played first-class cricket for Nottinghamshire and the Marylebone Cricket Club, as well as Test cricket for England. His cousin Walter Attewell played first-class cricket for Nottinghamshire.
Response: William and Walter
Category: classification
Instruction: Which of these words can be both a noun and a verb in English? treat, apple, watch, wood, attach
Response: The words 'treat' and 'watch' can be both a noun and a verb in English.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Tell me why your dog likes dog daycare.
Response: My dog has a lot of energy and is an extrovert with both people and other dogs. He gets so excited in the car on the way there! I like the fact that the dogs' play is supervised by trained dog specialists, and that dogs who are getting too aggressive are placed in a timeout in a crate to settle down. I like that it's indoors so it can continue in the winter months and rain or shine. I like that they have a nap in the middle of the day so they can re-charge for the afternoon play session. While my dog doesn't got there for more than 9 hours, it is convenient that the daycare is open from 7am to 7pm in case I needed him to stay there longer. I like that they have two separate playrooms at our daycare, one for smaller breeds/older dogs/timid dogs, and the other for larger dogs/younger dogs who may want to roughhouse more. Another great benefit is that my daycare offers spa services for my dog like a bath, nail trimming, ear cleaning, teeth brushing, and I do take advantage of that every other month or so. Last, if we are going out of town, and my son can't come over to watch our dog, the dog daycare center does offer boarding services. I would highly recommend that you check it out!
Category: classification
Instruction: Identify which animal is domesticated or wild: Canary, Green pheasants
Response: Canary is domesticated, Green pheasants is wild.
Category: summarization
Instruction: With given text as a reference, Please jot down some details about Central Michigan University
Context: Central Michigan University (CMU) is a public research university in Mount Pleasant, Michigan. Established in 1892 as the Central Michigan Normal School and Business Institute, the private normal school became a state institution and renamed Central State Normal School in 1895 after the Michigan State Board of Education took over governance of the school. The institution came into its own as a university and gained its current name Central Michigan University in 1959 under the university's 6th president Judson W. Foust.
Response: 1. Located in Mount Pleasant, Michigan, Central Michigan University (CMU) is a public research university.
2. The private normal school, which had been founded in 1892 as the Central Michigan Normal School and Business Institute, changed its name to Central State Normal School in 1895 after the Michigan State Board of Education assumed control of the institution's management.
3. Under the leadership of Judson W. Foust, the university's sixth president, the institution began to take shape as a university and adopted its present name in 1959.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Give me a bulleted list of the seven most recent Harvard University presidents
Response: * Lawrence S. Bacow (2018 - present)
* Drew Gilpin Faust (2007 - 2018)
* Lawrence H. Summers (2001 - 2007)
* Neil L. Rudenstine (1991 - 2001)
* Derek Bok (2006 - 2007) (interim, also served 1971-1991)
* Nathan Marsh Pusey (1953-1971)
* James Bryant Conant (1933-1953)
Category: general_qa
Instruction: How are cats different than dogs?
Response: Dogs are domesticated animals that usually are more active and rely on their owner. Cats, on average, are more solitary creatures. They can be left alone longer and are more self sufficient. Dogs need lots of attention and activity while cats can entertain themselves.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Where is the Kilo railway station
Context: Kilo is a station on the VR commuter rail network on the Rantarata line located in Kilo, a district of the city of Espoo in Finland. It is situated between Leppävaara railway station and Kera railway station, approximately 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) northwest/west of Helsinki Central railway station.
Response: Kilo is a station on the VR commuter rail network on the Rantarata line located in Kilo, a district of the city of Espoo in Finland. It is situated between Leppavaara railway station and Kera railway station, approximately 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) northwest/west of Helsinki Central railway station.
Category: classification
Instruction: Which of these are woodworking handtools: plane, spokeshave, drill, table saw, chisel, bandsaw
Response: Woodoworking handtools are classified by the lack of motorized capabilities. Thus is you can use it without an external source of power, it's a handtool! Planes, spokeshaves, chisels are examples of that, whilst the others (table saw, drill, band saw) all require a source of energy to be used.
Category: summarization
Instruction: What is Anandapuram mandal
Context: Anandapuram mandal is one of the 46 mandals in Visakhapatnam district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is under the administration of Visakhapatnam revenue division and the headquarters are located at Anandapuram. Anandapuram mandal is bounded by Bheemunipatnam mandal to the east, Chinagadila to the south, Padmanabham to the north and Kothavalasa to the west.
Response: Anandapuram mandal is one of the 46 mandals in Visakhapatnam district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is under the administration of Visakhapatnam revenue division and the headquarters are located at Anandapuram.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: What would make my tzatziki sauce truly exceptional?
Response: Tzatziki is a traditional Greek sauce whose base ingredients comprise salted strained yoghurt, garlic, grated cucumber, dill leaves, and olive oil.
To make your tzatziki truly exceptional follow the steps below:
1) Start by squeezing as much as possible the water out of half a cucumber that has been grated. This is the single most important factor that will make your tzatziki source exceptional.
2) Fine-chop the dill leaves using a knife. The dill must be fresh. The volume of the chopped dill leaves should be about the same as the volume of the squeezed grated cucumber.
3) Mix the cucumber and the dill with Greek strained yoghurt . The latter should have a volume that is three to four times that of the cucumber and dill.
4) Add some salt and smashed cloves of fresh garlic.
5) Add a couple of teaspoons of balsamic vinegar.
6) While stirring the mix, gradually keep adding extra virgin olive oil until the sauce obtains a silky texture.
7) Do not add any other ingredients in the mix.
8) Place the mix in the fridge and keep it for a couple of hours and let chemistry do its magic.
9) Remove the residual water, if any, which may have surfaced.
10) Stir the mix once more final time and serve in smaller containers.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is NEFT?
Response: National Electronic Funds Transfer (NEFT) is an electronic funds transfer system maintained by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). Started in November 2005, the setup was established and maintained by Institute for Development and Research in Banking Technology. NEFT enables bank customers in India to transfer funds between any two NEFT-enabled bank accounts on a one-to-one basis. It is done via electronic messages.

Unlike real-time gross settlement, fund transfers through the NEFT system do not occur in real-time basis. Previously, NEFT system settled fund transfers in hourly batches with 23 settlements occurring between 00:30 hrs. to 00:00 hrs.

From 16 December 2019, there would be 48 half-hourly batches occurring between 00.30 am to 00:00 am every day regardless of a holiday or otherwise.

As of 30 November 2019, NEFT facilities were available at 1,48,477 branches/offices of 216 banks across the country and online through the website of NEFT-enabled banks. NEFT has gained popularity due to the ease and efficiency with which the transactions can be concluded.

There is no limit – either minimum or maximum – on the amount of funds that can be transferred using NEFT.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is the second oldest ballpark in Major League Baseball?
Response: The second oldest ballpark in Major League Baseball is Wrigley Field in Chicago, IL. It was built in 1914, two years after Fenway Park opened in Boston, MA.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Given a reference text about the blackbuck, tell me how big the males are.
Context: The blackbuck (Antilope cervicapra), also known as the Indian antelope, is an antelope native to India and Nepal. It inhabits grassy plains and lightly forested areas with perennial water sources. It stands up to 74 to 84 cm (29 to 33 in) high at the shoulder. Males weigh 20–57 kg (44–126 lb), with an average of 38 kg (84 lb). Females are lighter, weighing 20–33 kg (44–73 lb) or 27 kg (60 lb) on average. Males have 35–75 cm (14–30 in) long corkscrew horns, and females occasionally develop horns, as well. The white fur on the chin and around the eyes is in sharp contrast with the black stripes on the face. Both sexes’ coats feature a two-tone colouration; in males, the majority of the body is dark brown to black, with white circles around the eyes, white ears and tail, and the belly, lower jaw, and inner legs also white. Females and juveniles are yellowish-fawn to tan and display the same white areas, only with more of a beige tone than the males. Females also feature a more pronounced horizontal white side-stripe, starting around the shoulder and ending at the rump. The blackbuck is the sole living member of the genus Antilope and was scientifically described by Carl Linnaeus in 1758. Two subspecies are recognized.
Response: Male blackbuck range from 44 to 126 pounds, are 29 to 33 inches tall, and have 14 to 30 inch long corkscrew horns.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What's the hardest mineral?
Response: Diamond is the hardest mineral on earth.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: How can I learn to snowboard?
Response: Buying or renting a snowboard, snowboard boots, bindings, snowboard pants, and jacket at your favorite snowboard shop is the first step. Next, check the snow conditions and availability of lessons at the ski resort of your choice. Lift tickets and lessons can be purchased for the day online.  Lastly, drive to the ski resort with your gear, and register to find your snowboard instructor, who will start with lesson basics on how to strap in, stand, stop, and carve your snowboard.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: From the passage provided, extract the progression of number of games in an NFL season.
Context: From 1920 to 1934, the NFL did not have a set number of games for teams to play, instead setting a minimum. The league mandated a twelve-game regular season for each team beginning in 1935, later shortening this to eleven games in 1937 and ten games in 1943, mainly due to World War II. After the war ended, the number of games returned to eleven games in 1946, and later back to twelve in 1947. The NFL went to a 14-game schedule in 1961, which it retained until switching to a 16-game schedule in 1978. In March 2021, the NFL officially adopted a 17-game schedule after gaining the agreement of the National Football League Players Association (NFLPA).
Response: In the early years of the NFL the league simply mandated a minimum of 12 games played each season from 1920-1934. In 1937 teams played 11 games. In 1943 teams played 10 games due to World War II. By 1947 teams were playing 12 games per season. From 1961 to 1978 teams played 14 games per season before playing 16 games per season until 2021. Each NFL team plays 17 games per season in present day.
Category: classification
Instruction: Identify which animal species is alive or extinct: Hyaenodon, Humphead Wrasse
Response: Hyaenodon is extinct, Humphead Wrasse is alive.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: How many Harry Potter books are there?
Response: You have 7 books, The philosophers stone, the chamber of secrets, prisoners of azkaban, goblet of fire, order of the phoenix, the halfblood prince, the deathly hallows.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What does bpa-free mean?
Response: BPA-Free refers to any plastics or other materials that do not contain any traces of Bisphenol-A.  Most plastics including bottled waters use BPA-Free plastic because it has been shown when BPA plastics are exposed to heat that the BPA chemicals can leach into liquids and into food which people then ingest.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Which phone OS is better, IOS or Android?
Response: Both IOS & Android are among the most popular phone operating systems available today. IOS is known to be very user friendly and has a limited set of features that work extremely well. To achieve this simplicity, IOS sacrifices the level of customizability that it provides it’s users. Android, on the other hand is known to provide a high level of customization to it’s features and is extremely popular among power users. However, due to the myriad ways that it can be customized, it can be difficult to use and often has a steep learning curve when compared to IOS. Both IOS and Android each have their specific merits that caters to different user communities among which they are wildly popular.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What are some things to consider when going to a theme park?
Response: It is important to thing about what the weather may be like before going to a theme park.  If it is raining you might want to plan by wearing a rain jacket and also consider some of the roller coaster rides may not be operational during this kind of weather.  You also need to consider things like sun screen and hydration if the weather is going to be hot and sunny.  Bug spray for mosquitos is also another important item if the weather is humid.  Prepare a list of questions or things to bring before you travel to a theme park and you will be better prepared when you get there.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: How do you check the weather on an iPhone?
Response: Open the "Weather" app. Also, you can set a Weather widget on your home screen. To do this, long-press the home screen.
Category: summarization
Instruction: According to the following passage, what was the cause of the Great Chicago Fire?
Context: The fire is claimed to have started at about 8:30 p.m. on October 8, in or around a small barn belonging to the O'Leary family that bordered the alley behind 137 W. DeKoven Street. The shed next to the barn was the first building to be consumed by the fire. City officials never determined the cause of the blaze, but the rapid spread of the fire due to a long drought in that year's summer, strong winds from the southwest, and the rapid destruction of the water pumping system, explain the extensive damage of the mainly wooden city structures. There has been much speculation over the years on a single start to the fire. The most popular tale blames Mrs. O'Leary's cow, who allegedly knocked over a lantern; others state that a group of men were gambling inside the barn and knocked over a lantern. Still other speculation suggests that the blaze was related to other fires in the Midwest that day.
Response: There has been much speculation to the cause of the Great Chicago fire, but city officials never determined the cause of the blaze. The most popular theory is that it was caused by Mrs. O'Leary's cow, who knocked over a lantern.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: What is Doña Barbara?
Context: Doña Bárbara is a novel written by the Venezuelan Rómulo Gallegos and published by Editorial Araluce, on February 15 , 1929 . 1 It has been republished more than forty times and translated into other languages. It consists of three parts and is set in Apure plains in Venezuela , on the Arauca river property .
Response: Doña Bárbara is a novel written by the Venezuelan Rómulo Gallegos and published by Editorial Araluce, on February 15 , 1929 . 1 It has been republished more than forty times and translated into other languages. It consists of three parts and is set in Apure plains in Venezuela , on the Arauca river property .

Doña Bárbara is the most popular Venezuelan novel: since its appearance in 1929, it has been read avidly perhaps because between the lines Gallegos expressed his rebellion against the dictatorial regime of Juan Vicente Gómez and the backwardness that the country was experiencing. The novel examines the sociological topic, rooted in positivism, civilization versus barbarism in rural Venezuelan life. Among other merits, the writer's mastery in terms of character creation stands out, as well as the description of the llanero landscape.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Where in the US are the most renowned Pinot Noir wines produced?
Response: Oregon's Willamette Valley is known for producing award-winning Pinot Noir wine.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: To which family does the Chasenella belong to
Response: Chasenella is a genus of harvestmen in the family Sclerosomatidae from Borneo.