fedml/databricks-dolly-15k-niid huggingface dataset:
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Why is it a good idea to walk every day?
Response: Walking is a good exercise for burning calories without causing any damage to joints. People of any age can do it and a few miles a day can result in positive effects on cardiovascular health and general fitness.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: How many U.S. presidents were born in Virginia.
Response: Eight presidents, including the first four of five, were born in Virginia - which is known as the "Mother of Presidents." They include: George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, James Monroe, William Henry Harrison, John Tyler, Zachary Taylor and Woodrow Wilson.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What caused World War 1?
Response: There is no definite answer, however there are several speculations about what caused World War 1. An answer approved by many historians is the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand by the Black Hand, a Serbian nationalist organization. This assassination led to Austria-Hungary declaring war against Serbia. In response to this declaration, many countries joined forces under the guise of 'alliance'.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Who is Sergey or Sergiy Korsunsky
Response: Sergiy Korsunsky (born August 10, 1962 in Kyiv, Ukrainian SSR) is a Ukrainian diplomat. He previously served as Chargé d'affaires of Ukraine to the United States during 2005 and Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Ukraine to Turkey (2008-2016). Director of the Hennadii Udovenko Diplomatic Academy of Ukraine in 2017-2020.

Ambassador of Ukraine to Japan (since April 2020).
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Give me some ideas for party games at a child's birthday.
Response: Some classic children's party games are Pass the Parcel, Musical Chairs, Pin the Tail on the Donkey, Sack Race, Treasure Hunt.
Category: classification
Instruction: Which of the following words are considered a palindrome, a word that can be spelled the same forwards and backward: deified, kayak, chicken, taco, wow, peep, noon, abba, lizard, bob, penguin, margarita, square
Response: deified, kayak, wow, peep, noon, abba, bob
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What are nice things to do for someone on their birthday?
Response: Ideas for nice things that you could do for someone on their birthday include serving them breakfast in bed, sending them a text message, sending them a birthday card, baking them a birthday cake, giving them a gift, taking them out for a meal, or doing an activity with them that they enjoy.
Category: classification
Instruction: Looking at cities in Australia that are on the east coast and the west coast of the country, which coast are the cities of Fremantle, Sydney, Brisbane, Perth, Cairns, Townsville, Newcastle located on?
Response: Sydney, Brisbane, Cairns, Townsville and Newcastle are Australian cities located on the east coast of Australia. Fremantle and Perth are located on the west coast of the country.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Who is the all time leading goal scorer for Manchester United?
Response: The all time leading goal scorer for Manchester United is Wayne Rooney.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: What marathon did the first woman officially finish, based on the paragraph.
Context: For a long time after the Olympic marathon started, there were no long-distance races, such as the marathon, for women. Although a few women, such as Stamata Revithi in 1896, had run the marathon distance, they were not included in any official results. Marie-Louise Ledru has been credited as the first woman to complete a marathon, in 1918. Violet Piercy has been credited as the first woman to be officially timed in a marathon, in 1926.

Arlene Pieper became the first woman to officially finish a marathon in the United States when she completed the Pikes Peak Marathon in Manitou Springs, Colorado, in 1959. Kathrine Switzer was the first woman to run the Boston Marathon "officially" (with a number), in 1967. However, Switzer's entry, which was accepted through an "oversight" in the screening process, was in "flagrant violation of the rules", and she was treated as an interloper once the error was discovered. Bobbi Gibb had completed the Boston race unofficially the previous year (1966), and was later recognized by the race organizers as the women's winner for that year, as well as 1967 and 1968.
Response: The first marathon that a woman officially finished was the Pikes Peak Marathon, completed by Arlene Pieper in 1959.
Category: classification
Instruction: Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Naqara, Bouzouki
Response: Bouzouki is string, Naqara is percussion.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: What are five different names I could pick for my new male dog?
Response: Buddy, Rex, Fifo, Spot and Lucky
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Is the Vex or FIRST robotics competition a better choice for a child in high school?
Response: Both VEX and FIRST have very strong robotics competitions for the high school level.  If you are a parent choosing between the two, multiple factors need to be taken into consideration.
The first factor is the availability of a robotics program in your area.  While you can form an independent team that is not affiliated with your school or another organization, it will require a significant financial and time investment.  At the high school level teams typically design their robots with CAD software and must machine the parts themselves.  Teams often consist of 20 or more members so that all of the aspects of the competition can be covered, such as creating and assembling the hardware, electrical wiring, systems design, programming and documenting the engineering process.  All of the parts and equipment need to be purchased and maintained, and members put in a lot of hours during the competition season.  Joining a pre-existing team that already has equipment, members and mentors familiar with a program will make it easiest for a child to participate, regardless of which competition the team is a part of.
If both VEX and FIRST programs are available, then it depends on how intense of an experience the child is interested in.  The VEX competition has a lower barrier to entry because it requires smaller robots.  Two pairs of robots compete against each other in a match to see which pair can get more points.  While teams will need to machine some parts and must have skills in electrical and software design, a team can be smaller and still compete effectively.  The FIRST competition involves much larger and more complex robots and challenges.  Two alliances of three robots each compete against each other in a match, with a total of six robots on the field at once.  Teams need to have more members to effectively compete, and participants need more in-depth training on hardware, electrical, system and software design.  There is also a business requirement, where teams have to create a marketing banner, brochure and video for their team to submit as part of the competition.
Whether you choose VEX or FIRST, a child in high school that participates in a well-run robotics program will gain valuable engineering and organizational experience that will serve them well, both on a college application and after graduation.
Category: classification
Instruction: Identify which animal species is alive or extinct: Meiolania, Tiger
Response: Tiger is alive, Meiolania is extinct.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: What is a Roth 401(k)?
Context: In the United States, a 401(k) plan is an employer-sponsored, defined-contribution, personal pension (savings) account, as defined in subsection 401(k) of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code. Periodical employee contributions come directly out of their paychecks, and may be matched by the employer. This legal option is what makes 401(k) plans attractive to employees, and many employers offer this option to their (full-time) workers.

There are two types: traditional and Roth 401(k). For Roth accounts, contributions and withdrawals have no impact on income tax. For traditional accounts, contributions may be deducted from taxable income and withdrawals are added to taxable income. There are limits to contributions, rules governing withdrawals and possible penalties.

The benefit of the Roth account is from tax-free capital gains. The net benefit of the traditional account is the sum of (1) a possible bonus (or penalty) from withdrawals at tax rates lower (or higher) than at contribution, and (2) the impact on qualification for other income-tested programs from contributions and withdrawals reducing and adding to taxable income, minus the consequences of capital gains being taxed at regular income rates.
Response: Roth 401(k) is a type of 401(k) where accounts, contributions, and withdrawals have no impact on income tax. The benefit of the Roth account is that the capital gains are tax-free.

In the United States, a 401(k) plan is an employer-sponsored, defined-contribution, personal pension (savings) account, as defined in subsection 401(k) of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code. Periodical employee contributions come directly out of their paychecks and may be matched by the employer.
Category: creative_writing
Instruction: Write a poem about a little neurodiverse boy with amazing gifts.
Response: I know a little boy called Shane
He has an amazing, unique brain
All the country flags of the world he knows, at a glance
Big numbers he adds and multiples, whenever he gets a chance
His curiosity is what fascinates me
And alas, his fantastic memory!
He sometimes struggles to make friends
And seldom cares about the latest fashion trends
He is a shining star, shining bright
He brings joy to everyone around him, and pure delight!
Category: creative_writing
Instruction: Write a story about a dark and scary night.
Response: The night was unyieldingly dark and the winds bitingly cold. Suddenly I heard the sound of drums. The rhythm was eerie and struck incomprehensible fear into my heart. I stopped crying and looked up at the casket. I froze, why was there noise coming from there? I looked around at all the others but no one noticed any sound coming from the coffin. I pushed through people to get closer and assure myself I wasn’t imagining any noise. The closer I walked the louder the noise got.
                    I wanted to do something. They could have been alive! More and more people finish saying their goodbyes. Soon they would lower the coffin. Without a second thought, I jolt out of the crowd and I stand right next to the casket, I now feel everyone's eyes staring at me. It was too late to turn back, either I get embarrassed for life or I save someone from getting buried alive. I reach for the casket but suddenly I see someone appear right on the top of it.
                     “Hello” uttered the strange person. The voice sounded as if nails on the chalkboard could speak. I take a step back and take a good look at her. They seem to be floating a tiny bit off of the casket like a…. 
                     “GHOST!!!!” I screamed. I clasp my hands around my mouth. I start running with my head down, I don’t want to see everyone's reactions. It’s so hard to see in the dark but I just keep on running. I trip over a stick that was laying in the middle of the path. I’m glad I’m far enough from the funeral now that no one could see me fall. 
                   I look up just to see the ghost barely one foot away from me with a grin on her face. Have they been following me this whole time? I rub my eyes hoping they wouldn’t be there anymore once I open them again. 
                  “Did you like my drum solo?” questioned the ghost. I looked at her hands to see she had drumsticks in her hand. 
                    “No way,” I responded. I didn’t know much about the girl whose funeral it was but one thing I knew was that she loved to drum and that her name was Callie.
                     “Is your name Callie?” I asked
               “Bingo,” she replied. We sit in silence for a moment.
                                   “Sucks having to watch your own funeral” She brings up to stop the silence. I chuckle uncomfortably, that's not something I could relate to. 
                     “Why can I see you?” I burst out of curiosity. 
               “It’s kind of like that one wedding tradition where they toss the flower bouquet out into the crowd and whoever catches it gets married next. Except if you see a ghost at a funeral it means you are next to die.” She shrugs. 
                        “Oh,” I say, processing what she just said. Then it hits me. Literally. A tree hits me and it was fatal.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: Tell me how many final fours purdue has been to and whether or not they have won any championships
Context: The Purdue Boilermakers basketball team is a men's college basketball program that competes in NCAA Division I and is a member of the Big Ten Conference.

Purdue basketball holds the most Big Ten regular season championships, with 25. Purdue also holds a winning record against all other Big Ten schools in head-to-head match ups.

The Boilermakers have reached two NCAA Tournament Final Fours and one championship game, but have not won an NCAA Championship. The 1931–32 team was retroactively named a national champion by the Helms Athletic Foundation and the Premo-Porretta Power Poll.

Purdue has sent more than 30 players to the NBA, including two overall No. 1 picks in the NBA draft. Purdue has one main rivalry against the Indiana Hoosiers (see Indiana–Purdue Rivalry).
Response: The Purdue Boilermakers men's basketball team has reached two NCAA Tournament Final Fours.

While they have not won any national championships, they were retroactively named a national champion in 1932. They have also won 25 Big Ten regular season championships.
Category: classification
Instruction: Tell me whether these are cars or CA Amtrak lines: Tesla Model 3, Capitol Corridor, Chevy Nova, Honda Accord, California Zephyr, Subaru Impreza, Coast Starlight, Pacific Surfliner, San Joaquins
Response: The Amtrak routes are the Capitol Corridor, California Zephyr, Coast Starlight, Pacific Surfliner, and San Joaquins, and the cars are the Tesla Model 3,  Chevy Nova, Honda Accord, and Subaru Impreza.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What are the words of House Tarly?
Response: "First in Battle"
Category: classification
Instruction: Identify all PII in this customer review "My name is Joe Smith and email address is joesmith9999@gmail.com. I'd like to leave a review about Langton's red wine. It was tasty for a red, but there were sediments at the bottom of my bottle"
Response: I've found two pieces of personally identifiable information (PII) in the provided text:
- A person's name: "Joe Smith"
- An email address: "joesmith9999@gmail.com"

The Australian government defines PII as "Information that can be used on its own or with other information to identify, contact or locate a single person, or to identify an individual in context" (source: https://www.cyber.gov.au/acsc/view-all-content/glossary/personally-identifiable-information-pii)
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Given this paragraph about Wabuska, Nevada, when was a post office first opened in the town?
Context: Wabuska is an unincorporated community in Lyon County, Nevada, United States. The zip code is 89447, which it shares with nearby Yerington.

Wabuska (Washo language, White Grass) was established in the early 1870s. A post office was opened on September 18, 1874. In 1881, the town served as the principal Mason Valley supply center on the newly constructed Carson and Colorado Railroad of a line that went from Hazen to Mina. When copper was discovered in Mason Valley, the town became the northern terminus of the new Nevada Copper Belt Railroad, built 1909–1911. Wabuska waned with declining mining activity in the 1920s.

Several buildings from Wabuska, most notably the Wabuska Railroad Station, were relocated to Carson City and incorporated as the Nevada State Railroad Museum.
Response: September 18, 1874
Category: summarization
Instruction: Provide me a 3 bulleted points summarizing the Los Angeles Lakers
Context: The Los Angeles Lakers are an American professional basketball team based in Los Angeles. The Lakers compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member of the league's Western Conference Pacific Division. The Lakers play their home games at Crypto.com Arena, an arena shared with the NBA's Los Angeles Clippers, the Los Angeles Sparks of the Women's National Basketball Association, and the Los Angeles Kings of the National Hockey League. The Lakers are one of the most successful teams in the history of the NBA, and have won 17 NBA championships, tied with the Boston Celtics for the most in NBA history.

The franchise began with the 1947 purchase of a disbanded team, the Detroit Gems of the National Basketball League (NBL). The new team began playing in Minneapolis, Minnesota, calling themselves the Minneapolis Lakers. Initially a member of the NBL, the Lakers won the 1948 NBL championship before joining the rival Basketball Association of America, where they would win five of the next six championships, led by star George Mikan. After struggling financially in the late 1950s following Mikan's retirement, they relocated to Los Angeles before the 1960–61 season.
Response: The Los Angeles Lakers are one of the most storied franchises in the NBA (national basketball association) with a strong fan base following. Here are a few important points to know about the Lakers:
- The lakers are a professional basketball team based in Los Angeles and play at the Crypto.com arena
- the team has won 17 NBA championships, which is tied for most all time
- the franchise initially started playing in Minnesota but relocated in 1960
Category: classification
Instruction: Identify which animal species is alive or extinct: Vegavis, Continental Tiger
Response: Continental Tiger is alive, Vegavis is extinct.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What's the easiest way to make friends when traveling alone?
Response: Traveling alone to anywhere in the world can be very intimidating and cal also feel lonely at times, but the great news is that it's extremely easy to make friends abroad! A couple of ways to make friends are: 
1. Visit your neighborhood bar and sit at the bar. More than likely there will be other folks going alone and you'll be able to chat with them. You can strike a conversation by easily asking them about their order or if they're from the area. 
2. Join travel groups on Facebook, Instagram and TikTok. With social media, it's much easier to find people who are traveling in the same location as you are and willing to meet up. A great group is The Travel Squad. You can join their Facebook community with thousands of solo travelers 
3. Do walking tours! There are a ton of free walking tours that you can do so make sure to sign up. 
4. Excursions is another great way to meet others. Don't be afraid to ask people where they are from or what got them interested in doing that excursion. 
5. Hostels. If you don't mind the noise levels, hostels are one of the top ways to meet fellow friends while solo traveling. They always host great music, events and have a common dining room area where people tend to hang out. 

Traveling alone can feel scary but remember that all it takes is getting out of your comfort zone and striking up a conversation to make long lasting friendships!
Category: classification
Instruction: Tell me whether these are cars or planes: Camaro, Piper Cub, Volvo S60, Shelby GT500, Boeing 737, Cessna, B707, Porsche, Beechcraft
Response: Cars: Camaro, Volvo S60, Shelby GT500, Porsche
Planes: Piper Cub, Boeing 737, Cessna, B707, Beechcraft
Category: open_qa
Instruction: In the series A Song of Ice and Fire, who is the founder of House Banefort?
Response: The name nor identity of the Banefort house's founder is unknown. They are only referred to as The Hooded Man.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: How can I choose a favorite professional basketball team?
Response: There is no wrong answer, but here are a few things you can consider in making that choice. You can determine which team is the closest to where you live and become a fan of the local team. Alternatively, you can determine which player or players are your favorites to watch and cheer for the teams that they play for. Another option is to cheer for a team that wins often, as it is more fun to root for a winning team.
Category: classification
Instruction: Identify which instrument is string or woodwind: Domra, Xaphoon
Response: Xaphoon is woodwind, Domra is string.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Pick a title for the following:
The purpose of coaching is to form a partnership that enables you to draw more consistently on your wisdom, positive energy, and resourcefulness in decision-making, living a full life, and achieving your personal and professional goals by expanding your perspectives, being introspective, reducing blind spots, effectively managing self-limiting beliefs and feelings that block you, and developing new skills, habits, and practices.
Response: Personal and Professional Coaching Goals
Category: classification
Instruction: Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Dabakan, Kwitra
Response: Kwitra is string, Dabakan is percussion.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: I bought a new shirt online but I changed my mind. How can I return it?
Response: If you are looking to return your shirt, you should first check the seller's website to see how many days after your order they will accept returns. You might be able to initiate a return on the website or you might need to contact customer support to start the process. The website should provide you instructions for making the return and some websites will provide a postage label you can print. Depending on the company, you might be able to return the shirt in a physical store, or mail it back to the company for a refund. If you try contacting customer support and they do not respond or they refuse to take back the shirt, you can try contacting your credit card provider and asking them to initiate a chargeback.
Category: classification
Instruction: Classify the plants based on whether they are aquatic or mangrove
Pistia stratiotes, Lysichiton americanus , Rhizophora mangle, Avicennia germinans
Response: Aquatic - Pistia stratiotes, Lysichiton americanus 
Mangrove  - Rhizophora mangle, Avicennia germinans
Category: classification
Instruction: Classify each of these things as either "Able to fit in a bread box" or "Unable to fit in a bread box": an elephant, a hockey stick, a loaf of bread, an ant, a lightbulb, a ceiling fan, a pair of blue jeans
Response: An elephant: Unable to fit in a bread box
A hockey stick: Unable to fit in a bread box
A loaf of bread: Able to fit in a bread box
An ant: Able to fit in a bread box
A lightbulb: Able to fit in a bread box
A ceiling fan: Unable to fit in a bread box
A pair of blue jeans: Able to fit in a bread box
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Why is free climbing called free climbing?
Context: Most of the climbing done in modern times is considered free climbing—climbing using one's own physical strength, with equipment used solely as protection and not as support—as opposed to aid climbing, the gear-dependent form of climbing that was dominant in the sport's earlier days. Free climbing is typically divided into several styles that differ from one another depending on the choice of equipment used and the configurations of their belay, rope and anchor systems.
Response: Free climbing is named so because it is performed solely using one's own physical strength, "free" from any support from equipment other than as protection. That is, gear is never used to help a climber actually climb, only to catch them in case they fall.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: What is algebra and who invented it?
Response: Algebra is the study of variables and the rules for manipulating these variables in formulas.
The word algebra(in Arabic al-jabr) comes from the title of the early 9th century book ʿIlm al-jabr wa l-muqābala "The Science of Restoring and Balancing" by the Persian mathematician and astronomer al-Khwarizmi. He used the term al-jabr for the operation of moving a term from one side of an equation to the other.
here is a basic algebra equation:
2 + x = 4
by moving 2 to the other side of the equation we will have:
x = 4 - 2
x = 2
Category: summarization
Instruction: List down few details about CURE algorithm from given text
Context: To avoid the problems with non-uniform sized or shaped clusters, CURE employs a hierarchical clustering algorithm that adopts a middle ground between the centroid based and all point extremes. In CURE, a constant number c of well scattered points of a cluster are chosen and they are shrunk towards the centroid of the cluster by a fraction α. The scattered points after shrinking are used as representatives of the cluster. The clusters with the closest pair of representatives are the clusters that are merged at each step of CURE's hierarchical clustering algorithm. This enables CURE to correctly identify the clusters and makes it less sensitive to outliers.
Response: 1. CURE uses a hierarchical clustering method that selects a middle ground between the centroid based and all point extremes in order to avoid the issues with non-uniformly sized or formed clusters.
2. In CURE, a fixed number c of evenly spaced-out points from a cluster are selected, and they are shrunk by a fraction in the direction of the cluster centroid.
3. The scattered points that have shrunk are used as cluster representatives.
4. At each stage of the hierarchical clustering algorithm used by CURE, the clusters with the closest pair of representatives are the clusters that are combined.
5. This makes CURE less sensitive to outliers and allows it to appropriately detect the clusters.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: How many of Farington's buildings are designated Grade 3?
Context: Farington is a civil parish in the South Ribble district of Lancashire, England. It contains seven listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England. All of the listed buildings are designated at Grade II, the lowest of the three grades, which is applied to "buildings of national importance and special interest". The parish is largely residential and contains the former villages of Farington and Farington Moss. The listed buildings comprise houses and associated structures, and a church.
Response: None of Farington's buildings are designated Grade 3. All of Farington's buildings are designated Grade II (Grade 2).
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: Based on this paragraph, extract the names of the books about Phish and list them using bullets.
Context: Several books on Phish have been published, including two official publications: The Phish Book, a 1998 coffee table book credited to the band members and journalist Richard Gehr which focused on the band's activities during 1996 and 1997, and Phish: The Biography, a semi-official biographical book written by music journalist and Phish fan Parke Puterbaugh, was published in 2009 and was based on interviews with the four band members, their friends and crew. An installment of the 33⅓ book series on A Live One, written by Walter Holland, was published in 2015. The 2013 book You Don't Know Me but You Don't Like Me: Phish, Insane Clown Posse, and My Misadventures with Two of Music's Most Maligned Tribes, written by music critic Nathan Rabin, compares and contrasts the fanbases of Phish and Insane Clown Posse.
Response: -The Phish Book
-Phish: The Biography
-A Live One
-You Don't Know Me But You Don't Like Me: Phish, Insane Clown Posse, and My Misadventures with Two of Music's Most Maligned Tribes
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Suggest some fantasy books I could read?
Response: The Fellowship of the Ring, A Game of Thrones, The Colour of Magic, The Lion, and The Witch and the Wardrobe are all classic Fantasy books.
Category: classification
Instruction: For each of these countries, tell whether it lies in the Western Hemisphere, Eastern Hemisphere, or both:  Thailand, United Kingdom, Belize, Japan, Algeria
Response: Thailand - Eastern
United Kingdom - Both
Belize - Western
Japan - Eastern
Algeria - Both
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is a flat earther and is it possible for the world to be flat?
Response: A flat earther is someone who believes the world is flat.  They also believe that there is scientific evidence to support this claim.    They do not believe the earth is round, even when we have satellite images of the earth to prove that it is.  Basic laws of physics can also disprove that the earth is flat.  The physics community should respond to these individuals to prevent the propagation of false information.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: In what key do most car horns honk?
Response: F
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: How many judges did President Trump apoint?
Context: Trump ordered a travel ban on citizens from several Muslim-majority countries, diverted military funding towards building a wall on the U.S.–Mexico border, and implemented a policy of family separations for apprehended migrants. He rolled back more than 100 environmental policies and regulations in an aggressive attempt to weaken environmental protections. Trump signed the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, which cut taxes for individuals and businesses and rescinded the individual health insurance mandate penalty of the Affordable Care Act. He appointed 54 federal appellate judges and three U.S. Supreme Court justices. Trump initiated a trade war with China and withdrew the U.S. from the proposed Trans-Pacific Partnership trade agreement, the Paris Agreement on climate change, and the Iran nuclear deal. Trump met with North Korean leader Kim Jong-un three times, but made no progress on denuclearization. He reacted slowly to the COVID-19 pandemic, ignored or contradicted many recommendations from health officials in his messaging, and promoted misinformation about unproven treatments and the need for testing.
Response: He appointed 57 judges, 54 federal appellate judges and three U.S. Supreme Court justices.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: Who is Mahatma Gandhi?
Context: Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (/ˈɡɑːndi, ˈɡændi/ GA(H)N-dee, Gujarati: [ˈmoɦəndɑs ˈkəɾəmtʃənd ˈɡɑ̃dʱi]; 2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948) was an Indian lawyer, anti-colonial nationalist and political ethicist who employed nonviolent resistance to lead the successful campaign for India's independence from British rule. He inspired movements for civil rights and freedom across the world. The honorific Mahātmā (Sanskrit: "great-souled", "venerable"), first applied to him in 1914 in South Africa, is now used throughout the world.

Born and raised in a Hindu family in coastal Gujarat, Gandhi trained in the law at the Inner Temple, London, and was called to the bar at age 22 in June 1891. After two uncertain years in India, where he was unable to start a successful law practice, he moved to South Africa in 1893 to represent an Indian merchant in a lawsuit. He went on to live in South Africa for 21 years. It was here that Gandhi raised a family and first employed nonviolent resistance in a campaign for civil rights. In 1915, aged 45, he returned to India and soon set about organising peasants, farmers, and urban labourers to protest against excessive land-tax and discrimination.

Assuming leadership of the Indian National Congress in 1921, Gandhi led nationwide campaigns for easing poverty, expanding women's rights, building religious and ethnic amity, ending untouchability, and, above all, achieving swaraj or self-rule. Gandhi adopted the short dhoti woven with hand-spun yarn as a mark of identification with India's rural poor. He began to live in a self-sufficient residential community, to eat simple food, and undertake long fasts as a means of both introspection and political protest. Bringing anti-colonial nationalism to the common Indians, Gandhi led them in challenging the British-imposed salt tax with the 400 km (250 mi) Dandi Salt March in 1930 and in calling for the British to quit India in 1942. He was imprisoned many times and for many years in both South Africa and India.
Response: Mahatma Gandhi was an Indian freedom fighter and peace loving leader. Mahatma Gandhi was born as Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi in Gujarat on 2nd October 1869. Born and raised in a Hindu family in coastal Gujarat, Gandhi trained in the law at the Inner Temple, London, and was called to the bar at age 22 in June 1891. Gandhi moved to South Africa in 1893 to represent an Indian merchant in a lawsuit after two uncertain years in India, where he was unable to start a successful law practice. He went on to live in South Africa for 21 years. Gandhi led nationwide campaigns for freedom movement, easing poverty, expanding women's rights, building religious and ethnic amity, ending untouchability, and, above all, achieving swaraj or self-rule. Gandhi started Dandi Salt March in 1930 calling quit India for the then rulers the British.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What kind of dog is a Bernedoodle?
Response: A Bernedoodle is a dog that is a mix of two other types of dogs: a poodle and a bernese mountain dog.  These two dogs are cross-bred to create the Bernedoodle, frequently to get the hair of the poodle rather than the coast of a Bernese.   This means the dog does not shed and is hypoallergenic which makes for a much tidier house!
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: What are the five biggest centers of Sufism?
Context: Sufism in Bangladesh is more or less similar to that in the whole Indian subcontinent. India, it is claimed, is one of the five great centers of Sufism, the other four being Persia (including central Asia), Baghdad, Syria, and North Africa. Sufi saints flourished in Hindustan (India) preaching the mystic teachings of Sufism that easily reached the common people, especially the spiritual truth seekers in India. Sufism in Bangladesh is also called pirism, after the pirs or teachers in the Sufi tradition (also called Fakir).
Response: The five main centers of Sufism are India, Persia, Baghdad, Syria, and North Africa.
Category: classification
Instruction: Identify which of the following are members of House Targaryen or House Baratheon: Visenya, Aenar, Aegon, Aerys, Daenerys, Viserys, Orys, Argella, Robert, Steffon, Renly
Response: House Targaryen: Visenya, Aenar, Aegon, Aerys, Daenerys, Viserys
House Baratheon: Orys, Argella, Robert, Steffon, Renly
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: From the passage note down the biggest institutional shareholders of Credit Suisse. List the results in comma separated format.
Context: Credit Suisse Group AG (French pronunciation:  [kʁe.di sɥis], lit. 'Swiss Credit') is a global investment bank and financial services firm founded and based in Switzerland. Headquartered in Zürich, it maintains offices in all major financial centers around the world and provides services in investment banking, private banking, asset management, and shared services. It is known for strict bank–client confidentiality and banking secrecy. The Financial Stability Board considers it to be a global systemically important bank. Credit Suisse is also a primary dealer and Forex counterparty of the Federal Reserve in the United States.

Credit Suisse was founded in 1856 to fund the development of Switzerland's rail system. It issued loans that helped create Switzerland's electrical grid and the European rail system. In the 1900s, it began shifting to retail banking in response to the elevation of the middle class and competition from fellow Swiss banks UBS and Julius Bär. Credit Suisse partnered with First Boston in 1978 before buying a controlling share of the bank in 1988. From 1990 to 2000, the company purchased institutions such as Winterthur Group, Swiss Volksbank, Swiss American Securities Inc. (SASI), and Bank Leu. The biggest institutional shareholders of Credit Suisse include the Saudi National Bank (9.88%), the Qatar Investment Authority and BlackRock (about 5% each), Dodge & Cox, Norges Bank and the Saudi Olayan Group.

The company was one of the least affected banks during the global financial crisis, but afterwards began shrinking its investment business, executing layoffs and cutting costs. The bank was at the center of multiple international investigations for tax avoidance which culminated in a guilty plea and the forfeiture of US$2.6 billion in fines from 2008 to 2012. By the end of 2022, Credit Suisse had approximately CHF 1.3 trillion in assets under management.
Response: Saudi National Bank, Qatar Investment Authority, BlackRock, Dodge & Cox, Norges Bank, Saudi Olayan Group
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: 5 Mistake to avoid in road trip
Response: 1. Take enough Water
2. Keep some snacks
3. Always carry Knife , may be a pocket one
4. Always take break every 2 and half hours
5. Try to take country road if available
Category: open_qa
Instruction: How long is a mile?
Response: One mile is 5,280 feet.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: How long does it take to recover from a sinus infection?
Context: Generally sinusitis starts off as a common viral infection like common cold. This infection generally subsides within 5 to 7 days. During this time the nasal structures can swell and facilitate the stagnation of fluids in sinuses that leads to acute sinusitis which lasts from 6th day of the infection to 15th day. From the 15th day to 45th day of the infection comes the subacute stage followed by chronic stage. Whenever a chronic stage patient's immunity takes a hit the infection moves to "acute on sinusitis" stage and moves back to chronic when the immunity is up.
Response: Given this paragraph about Sinusitis, it takes 5-7 days to feel much better.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: What chinese like drinking hot water?
Response: Chinese like drinking hot water when they get sick or feel under the weather. The reason is that they believe most diseases are caused by getting cold, and hot water can balance cold and humidity and help circulate the blood and release toxins.
Category: summarization
Instruction: What are close cities to Legonice?
Context: Łęgonice [wɛnɡɔˈnit͡sɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Nowe Miasto nad Pilicą, within Grójec County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) west of Nowe Miasto nad Pilicą, 36 km (22 mi) south-west of Grójec, and 74 km (46 mi) south-west of Warsaw.

The village has a population of 440.
Response: Close cities to Legonice are Nowe Miasto nad Pilica, Grojec, and Warsaw.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: How do learn how to ride a bicycle?
Response: It takes small steps to learn how to ride a bicycle the first one is getting on your bike without losing to get down the balance. Next ride your bike in small distances in a soft area. Last go for longer and longer distances until you have a hang of it.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Name five countries in South America.
Response: Five countries in South America are Chile, Argentina, Uruguay, Brazil, and Paraguay.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Let's play a game of tic tac toe. I'll be X and you be O. Unplayed squares will be "_". I'll get first.

_ _ _
_ O _
_ _ _
Response: Fun! Here's my next move:

_ _ _
_ O X
_ _ _
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Who was the last king of the Reach before Aegon's Conquest?
Response: Mern IX Gardener was the last king of the Reach. When the last of the Gardener's lineage died, the house went extinct and the Reach was assigned to House Tyrell to rule.
Category: classification
Instruction: Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Rakatak, K'ni
Response: K'ni is string, Rakatak is percussion.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: How to become good friends with your neighbor?
Response: Regardless you live in a house or an apartment, it is important to build a friendly relationship with your neighbor. You may begin by introducing yourself to your neighbor when you come across with them in the hall way or at the yard. You can try to invite them to your personal events, such as birthday parties or potluck. You can also offer help for your neighbor, such as take care of their pets when they are traveling etc. It takes time to get to know someone, the same here for your neighbor. Overall, just be kind and be considerate, your neighbor will eventually and naturally become your friend.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Which city is best in Australia
Response: There are many great cities in Australia. Which is best depends on what you like. Sydney is known for its beauty with some of Australia's most iconic landmarks such as the Sydney Harbour Bridge and Sydney Opera House. Sydney is also the largest city in Australia. 
Melbourne is knowns for its fun nightlife, culture, and sport, hosting events like the Australian F1 and the Australian Open tennis grand slam. 
Adelaide is known for its food, and wine, and for being a great place to live. And Hobart in Tasmania is surrounded by great food and beautiful surroundings and is increasingly regarded as one of the best places in Australia for families.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: The Awards ceremony for 63rd Grammy Awards was held at which place?
Response: Los Angeles
Category: summarization
Instruction: How did YouTube exit?
Context: YouTube is an American global online video sharing and social media platform headquartered in San Bruno, California, United States. It was launched on February 14, 2005, by Steve Chen, Chad Hurley, and Jawed Karim. It is owned by Google and is the second most visited website, after Google Search. YouTube has more than 2.5 billion monthly users, who collectively watch more than one billion hours of videos each day. As of May 2019, videos were being uploaded at a rate of more than 500 hours of content per minute.

In October 2006, YouTube was bought by Google for $1.65 billion. Google's ownership of YouTube expanded the site's business model, expanding from generating revenue from advertisements alone to offering paid content such as movies and exclusive content produced by YouTube. It also offers YouTube Premium, a paid subscription option for watching content without ads. YouTube also approved creators to participate in Google's AdSense program, which seeks to generate more revenue for both parties. YouTube reported revenue of $29.2 billion in 2022. In 2021, YouTube's annual advertising revenue increased to $28.8 billion, an increase in revenue of 9 billion from the previous year.

Since its purchase by Google, YouTube has expanded beyond the core website into mobile apps, network television, and the ability to link with other platforms. Video categories on YouTube include music videos, video clips, news, short films, feature films, songs, documentaries, movie trailers, teasers, live streams, vlogs, and more. Most content is generated by individuals, including collaborations between YouTubers and corporate sponsors. Established media corporations such as Disney, Paramount, NBCUniversal, and Warner Bros. Discovery have also created and expanded their corporate YouTube channels to advertise to a larger audience.

YouTube has had unprecedented social impact, influencing popular culture, internet trends, and creating multimillionaire celebrities. Despite all its growth and success, YouTube has been widely criticized. Criticism of YouTube includes the website being used to facilitate the spread of misinformation, copyright issues, routine violations of its users' privacy, enabling censorship, their guidelines and how they are implemented, and endangering child safety and wellbeing.
Response: YouTube was bought by Google for $1.65 billion in October 2006.
Category: summarization
Instruction: Is the Ironbottom Sound a boardgame
Context: Ironbottom Sound, subtitled "The Guadalcanal Campaign", is a naval board wargame published by Quarterdeck Games in 1981 that simulates the Naval Battle of Guadalcanal during World War II. Four editions have been released by various publishers over forty years.
Response: Ironbottom Sound, subtitled The Guadalcanal Campaign, is a naval board wargame published by Quarterdeck Games in 1981 that simulates the Naval Battle of Guadalcanal during World War II. Four editions have been released by various publishers over forty years.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Why is strength training important for distance runners?
Response: Strength training is important for distance runners to get faster, and stay injury-free. Running is a high impact activity that puts a lot of stress on the body. Strength training can help the body to deal with this stress, and correct imbalances in the body that can lead to injury over time.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: Based on the following passage, create a list os when schools close and resume in England and Wales, Scotland and Canada.
Context: Schools and universities typically have a summer break to take advantage of the warmer weather and longer days. In almost all countries, children are out of school during this time of year for summer break, although dates vary. Many families will take holidays for a week or two over summer, particularly in Southern Hemisphere Western countries with statutory Christmas and New Year holidays.
In the United States, public schools usually end in late May in Memorial Day weekend, while colleges finish in early May. Public school traditionally resumes near Labor Day, while higher institutions often resume in mid-August.
In England and Wales, school ends in mid-July and resumes again in early September. In Scotland, the summer holiday begins in late June and ends in mid-to late-August. Similarly, in Canada the summer holiday starts on the last or second-last Friday in June and ends in late August or on the first Tuesday of September, with the exception of when that date falls before Labour Day, in which case, ends on the second Tuesday of the month. In Russia the summer holiday begins at the end of May and ends on 31 August.
In the Southern Hemisphere, school summer holiday dates include the major holidays of Christmas and New Year's Day. School summer holidays in Australia, New Zealand and South Africa begin in early December and end in early February, with dates varying between states. In South Africa, the new school year usually starts during the second week of January, thus aligning the academic year with the Calendar year. In India, school ends in late April and resumes in early or mid-June. In Cameroon and Nigeria, schools usually finish for summer vacation in mid-July and resume in the later weeks of September or the first week of October.
Response: 1. In England and Wales, school ends in mid-July and resumes again in early September. 
2. In Scotland, the summer holiday begins in late June and ends in mid-to late-August. 
3. In Canada the summer holiday starts on the last or second-last Friday in June and ends in late August or on the first Tuesday of September, with the exception of when that date falls before Labour Day, in which case, ends on the second Tuesday of the month.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What was the turning point in the Pacific Theatre in WW2?
Response: The Battle of Midway in June of 1943 was most likely the turning point of the Pacific War.  Up until that point, the Japanese held the initiative and momentum.  When they lost 4 carriers and precious pilots and planes during the battle, they were significantly weakened and were never able to regain the initiative but instead spent most of rest of the war on the defensive.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Let's think of a two different methods to learn how to skateboard
Response: One way to learn how to skateboard is to purchase a skateboard, new or used, and practice riding it. Once you feel comfortable riding, you can begin practicing tricks. This would be considered a "self-taught" method of learning how to ride a skateboard. Another method would be "instructional." Instructional method of learning to skateboard would include formal training from an expert or someone proficient in skateboarding. This person or people would help accelerate your knowledge by giving you tips about how to execute riding a skateboard and doing tricks.