fedml/databricks-dolly-15k-niid huggingface dataset:
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Which city is the best to relocate in Texas
Response: Texas offers some great places to live, if you like city life. The prominent choices can be Houston, Dallas, San Antonio, Austin, all of which are part of the Texas triangle, and are connected by 2-3 hours drive. Houston and Dallas are bigger and dense metropolitans. San Antonio and Austin have smaller footprints but the proximity to hill country makes them more charming in terms of geography. Some other places to consider also can be Corpus Christi, Lubbock and El Paso, but are a bit distant.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Will being fully autonomous change the future of car design ?
Response: If cars reach a stage of full autonomy and no longer need input to drive from a human, this can radically change the interior and exterior of a car. There might not be a need for a driver cockpit and the steering console can be completely removed and potentially all seats could be inward facing to maximize human interaction. All windows can be removed and replaced with tablets. Removing glass windows and replacing it with a more protective alloy shell,  also means potentially increasing the safety of the passengers. Size and shape of the vehicles will also change as they can become containerized, where multiple vehicles can interact with each other and lock in and out, much like how trains work.
Category: summarization
Instruction: How is the movie Scarlet Days?
Context: Scarlet Days is a 1919 American silent Western film produced and directed by D. W. Griffith and released through Paramount/Artcraft Pictures, Artcraft being an affiliate of Paramount. Richard Barthelmess stars in a role for which Griffith had screentested Rudolph Valentino. In today's time, this film is considered by many to be one of Griffith's worst films though it might have worked better as a short film. This film was unlike others created by D.W. Griffith. According to an article written for The Cincinnati Enquirer, written on the 16 of November 1919: "Unlike other recent Griffith production, Scarlet Days is a story of the old West, of the gold rush days of 49- Bret Harte transferred to the screen!" The Western film genre was expanding at this time and Scarlet Days fits into this category. Western films were popular for this time. Considered a lost film, a print was found in the State Film Archives of the Soviet Union, which donated it to the Museum of Modern Art in 1969. The film was screened to the public, for the first time since its rediscovery, on March 24 and 25, 1969. Scarlet Days was shown alongside another missing film, A Romance of Happy Valley, at the Museum of Modern Art's auditorium with titles still printed in Russian. English titles were later created by the Department of Film at the Museum of Modern Art.
Response: Scarlet Days is a 1919 American silent Western film produced and directed by D.W. Griffith and released through Paramount/Artcraft Pictures. It is considered one of Griffith's worst films, but it is a story of the old West. A print was found in the State Film Archives of the Soviet Union and donated to the Museum of Modern Art in 1969. Titles were later created by the Department of Film at the Museum.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Which years was the Tour de France not raced?
Response: The Tour was not contested in 1915, 1916, 1917 and 1918 due to World War 1. It was again postponed from 1940 through 1945 due to World War 2.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What are the main cat personality types?
Response: Similar to humans, all cats have their unique quirks that make them special, but research has shown that they fall into 5 main personality types:
1 - The human cat likes to be around people, is a social butterfly. They prefer activities that they can do with their human overlords as opposed to being independent.
2 - The hunter cat, like its wild ancestors, likes to hunt for food, prey. They like to roam and explore and have a desire to be outdoors.
3 - The cat's cat likes to cuddle with other cats. This type of personality typically comes from cats who are raised with other cats.
4 - The cantankerous cat likes to be left alone. They tend to be grumpy when their habits are disrupted. In short, they have sensitive needs.
5 - The inquisitive cat is always curious and getting into mischief. They like to flex their investigate skills by looking in boxes, exploring new areas, and playing with puzzles. These cats enjoy meeting new friends and don't necessarily like to be left alone.
Overall, your cat's personality type will depend on a mix of factors including their upbringing, development, and genetics.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is the best way to teach your kids how to read?
Response: The best way to teach your kids how to read is to put them in school.  You will also want to spend 20 minutes a day reading with them in the morning or 30 minutes before bed to augment and solidify what they learn at school.  Teach your kids how to spell, sentence punctuation, sentence intonation, and how to sound out words they do not know.  After reading ask questions about what was read to make sure your child understood what was read.  Ask them inference type questions, and questions directly related to what happened in the story.
Category: summarization
Instruction: Who proposed the Gini coefficient as a measure of inequality of income or wealth?
Context: In economics, the Gini coefficient, also known as the Gini index or Gini ratio, is a measure of statistical dispersion intended to represent the income inequality or the wealth inequality or the consumption inequality within a nation or a social group. It was developed by statistician and sociologist Corrado Gini.
The Gini coefficient measures the inequality among values of a frequency distribution, such as levels of income. A Gini coefficient of 0 reflects perfect equality, where all income or wealth values are the same, while a Gini coefficient of 1 (or 100%) reflects maximal inequality among values. For example, if everyone has the same income, the Gini coefficient will be 0. In contrast, a Gini coefficient of 1 indicates that within a group of people, a single individual has all the income or consumption, while all others have none.
The Gini coefficient was proposed by Corrado Gini as a measure of inequality of income or wealth.  For OECD countries, in the late 20th century, considering the effect of taxes and transfer payments, the income Gini coefficient ranged between 0.24 and 0.49, with Slovenia being the lowest and Mexico the highest. African countries had the highest pre-tax Gini coefficients in 2008–2009, with South Africa having the world's highest, estimated to be 0.63 to 0.7, although this figure drops to 0.52 after social assistance is taken into account, and drops again to 0.47 after taxation. The global income Gini coefficient in 2005 has been estimated to be between 0.61 and 0.68 by various sources.
Response: The Gini coefficient was proposed by Corrado Gini as a measure of inequality of income or wealth.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Give me a list of the best books to read for new real estate investors
Response: * The Book on Rental Property Investing: How to Create Wealth With Intelligent Buy and Hold Real Estate Investing by Brandon Turner
* The Book on Investing in Real Estate with No (and Low) Money Down: Real Life Strategies for Investing in Real Estate Using Other People's Money by Brandon Turner
* Set for Life: Dominate Life, Money, and the American Dream by Scott Trench
* The Book on Tax Strategies for the Savvy Real Estate Investor: Powerful techniques anyone can use to deduct more, invest smarter, and pay far less to the IRS! by Amanda Han
* Recession-Proof Real Estate Investing: How to Survive (and Thrive!) During Any Phase of the Economic Cycle by J Scott
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: Name some of the superhero teams of Marvel Comics as per the passage.
Context: Marvel Comics is an American comic book publisher and the flagship property of Marvel Entertainment, a division of The Walt Disney Company since September 1, 2009. Evolving from Timely Comics in 1939, Magazine Management/Atlas Comics in 1951 and its predecessor, Marvel Mystery Comics, the Marvel Comics title/name/brand was first used in June 1961.

Marvel was started in 1939 by Martin Goodman as Timely Comics, and by 1951 had generally become known as Atlas Comics. The Marvel era began in June 1961 with the launch of The Fantastic Four and other superhero titles created by Stan Lee, Jack Kirby, Steve Ditko and many others. The Marvel brand, which had been used over the years and decades, was solidified as the company's primary brand.

Marvel counts among its characters such well-known superheroes as Spider-Man, Iron Man, Captain America, Thor, Doctor Strange, Hulk, Daredevil, Wolverine, Black Panther and Captain Marvel, as well as popular superhero teams such as the Avengers, X-Men, Fantastic Four, and Guardians of the Galaxy. Its stable of well-known supervillains includes the likes of Doctor Doom, Magneto, Ultron, Thanos, Kang the Conqueror, Green Goblin, Galactus, Loki, and Kingpin. Most of Marvel's fictional characters operate in a single reality known as the Marvel Universe, with most locations mirroring real-life places; many major characters are based in New York City, New York, United States. Additionally, Marvel has published several licensed properties from other companies. This includes Star Wars comics twice from 1977 to 1986 and again since 2015.
Response: Avengers, X-Men, Fantastic Four, and Guardians of the Galaxy.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is the difference between a fire fighter and a nurse?
Response: A fire fighter is responsible for responding to emergencies that are mostly related to fires. A typical task would be to ride in a fire truck from the fire station to a home that has caught fire and use water and other fire-fighting tools to put it out. A nurse is responsible for providing medical care to patients, typically in healthcare facilities like hospitals, nursing homes and outpatient clinics. A typical task for a nurse would be to care for the wounds and help manage pain for a patient following surgery.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: How many grandslams are there in Tennis in one year?
Response: There are four grandslams in one year. It starts with Australian open which is played on hard court. Second one is French open which is played on clay court. Third is Wimbledon which is played on grass court and final one is US Open is played on hard court.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: Extract all of the dates mentioned in this paragraph and list them using bullets in the format {Date} - {Description}
Context: The Yayhoos formed as a "temporary band" in 1993 and consisted of "an all-star lineout of country punk veterans," including Eric "Rosco" Ambel on guitar/vocals, Dan Baird on guitar/vocals, Keith Christopher on bass, and Terry Anderson on drums/vocals. With three solo artists from singer-songwriter backgrounds—Anderson, Ambel, and Baird—the band features three lead vocalists as well as three songwriters.
Response: • 1993 - The Yayhoos were formed during this year.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Given a reference text about Isabel Emily Jay, tell me where she studied and how old she was when she retired.
Context: Isabel Emily Jay (17 October 1879 – 26 February 1927) was an English opera singer and actress, best known for her performances in soprano roles of the Savoy Operas with the D'Oyly Carte Opera Company and in Edwardian musical comedies. During Jay's career, picture postcards were immensely popular, and Jay was photographed for over 400 different postcards.

After studying at the Royal Academy of Music, Jay joined the D'Oyly Carte Opera Company in 1897, with whom she began singing principal roles immediately, becoming the company's leading soprano in 1899, where she played leading roles in comic operas including The Rose of Persia, The Pirates of Penzance, Patience, The Emerald Isle and Iolanthe. She married and left the company in 1902. She returned to the West End stage in 1903 and starred in eleven musicals over the ensuing years, including A Country Girl, The Cingalee, Véronique, The White Chrysanthemum, The Girl Behind the Counter, Miss Hook of Holland, King of Cadonia and The Balkan Princess. She retired in 1911 at age 31.
Response: Isabel Emily Jay studied at the Royal Academy of Music and retired at 31 years old.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Why do cats lick themselves
Response: Cats lick to show affection, to bond with you and other cats, and to groom themselves. Licking excessively can signal your cat has a medical issue, an allergy, or stress and anxiety. You may need to take your cat to the vet for evaluation and treatment if they develop bald spots from grooming too much
Category: summarization
Instruction: Please give me a short summary of the critical response received by Season 1 of the Apple TV Series "Ted Lasso"
Context: Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reported an approval rating of 92% based on 74 reviews, with an average rating of 8.2/10. The website's critics consensus reads, "Warm and winsome, if not particularly hilarious, Ted Lasso fleshes out its promo premise with unrelenting optimism and a charming turn from Jason Sudeikis." Metacritic gave the first season a weighted average score of 71 out of 100 based on 21 reviews, indicating "generally favorable reviews".

Kristen Baldwin of Entertainment Weekly gave the series an A− and wrote, "There's nothing groundbreaking about the way Ted Lasso's story beats play out, but the show—a mix of workplace antics, sentimental sports inspo, and soapy romance—is undeniably winning." Reviewing the series for Rolling Stone, Alan Sepinwall described the series as "extremely likable throughout, but it's more a hypothetical comedy than an actual one. There are long stretches where Juno Temple is the only actor even trying to sell what few jokes are in the scripts." and gave a rating of 3/5. Writing for The Guardian, Benjamin Lee gave it 2/5, describing it as "a show that isn't unwatchably bad but isn't really much of anything", and suggesting that some of its humor was "rooted in some questionable and uneasy stereotypes".

As the season went on, critical appreciation for the show increased. After the eighth episode aired, Caroline Framke of Variety published a review with the headline "For Your Reconsideration: Ted Lasso". She went on to say, "Above all odds, Ted Lasso chipped away at my skepticism until there was none left—just like the character himself does to everyone he meets", adding, "At a time when just about everything feels catastrophic, there's something undeniably satisfying about spending some time with good people who are just trying to be the best they can, on and off the field." Keri Lumm of Paste said, after the airing of the penultimate episode, "Ted Lasso is the wholesome American hero we need", going on to say "... the landscape of television has felt kind of gloomy, so imagine my surprise when I turned on the TV to Ted Lasso and felt a swelling of a now unfamiliar emotion—hope." And after the finale aired, Lea Palmieri from Decider said: "Every step of the way, Ted Lasso proves to be comforting and entertaining and somehow both a distraction and a reminder that kindness is out there, not just on this fictional show, not just across the pond, but deep in the heart of America too."
Response: Season 1 of Ted Lasso was rated 92% on Rotten Tomatoes (74 reviews) and 71/100 on Metacritic (21 reviews). Some of the positive reviews described the show as winsome, comforting, entertaining and hopeful. Some viewers enjoyed the good-hearted cheer and optimism the show embodied during the current times of despair and hopelessness. One critic rated the show 2/5 and described it to be " not unwatchably bad".
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Do you have any dietary restrictions? If so, what are they.
Response: Yes. I'm both kosher AND vegetarian. That mean simply getting kosher food that contains meat or fish won't be something I can eat. Likewise, a vegetarian entree from a regular restaurant also won't work as there are all sorts of problems that might ensure. These include: cross-contamination w/ utensils used to prepare meat or fish, inclusion of ingredients that appear vegetarian but aren't (e.g., cheese made with animal rennet or enzymes, pastries containing gelatin made from bones, natural colorants or flavorings derived from insects or animals, egg-substitute made from plasmolyzed fish blood, etc.). My own personal standard doesn't require certification by a kosher agency; but in general, I'll only eat at places that only serve vegan or vegetarian items (and from the latter, there may be items I can't eat).
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Give me a bulleted list of the past 10 Masters Tournament Champions.
Response: Scottie Scheffler
Hideki Matsuyama
Dustin Johnson
Tiger Woods
Patrick Reed
Sergio García
Danny Willett
Jordan Spieth
Bubba Watson
Adam Scott
Category: general_qa
Instruction: What is "A Song of Ice and Fire"?
Response: "A Song of Ice and Fire" is a medieval fantasy book series created by an American author George R.R. Martin who has been coined the American J.R.R. Tolkien.

It consists of five books published so far:
- "A Game Of Thrones"
- "A Clash Of Kings"
- "A Storm of Swords"
- "A Feast for Crows"
- "A Dance with Dragons" 

The series remains unfinished with the last two books in the series still unpublished:
- "The Winds Of Winter"
- "A Dream Of Spring"
Category: summarization
Instruction: How is Praveen Babi remembered in Indian pop culture reference?
Context: Mahesh Bhatt, Babi's former partner, wrote and directed Arth (1982), a supposedly semi-autobiographical film about his relationship with Babi, and wrote and produced Woh Lamhe (2006) directed by his nephew Mohit Suri, based on his recollection and interpretation of his relationship with Babi and without any inputs from her.

Designer Manish Malhotra said: "Parveen Babi brought minimalism into fashion. She was always impeccable, not overdoing it even once."
Response: Praveen Babi was a fashion icon of India. She was always dressed to impress and brought minimalism into fashion. Her ex-boyfriend made a couple of movies about his relationship with her in the movies Arth and Woh Lamhe.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: What is the male population in Madaria?
Context: The village has a population of 1473 of which 728 are males while 745 are females as per Population Census 2011. The number of children with age 0-6 is 174 which makes up 11.81% of total population of village. Average Sex Ratio of Madaria village is 1023 which is higher than Uttar Pradesh state average of 912.
Response: The male population in Madaria is 728.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Where were the 13th South Asian Games held?
Response: They were held in 3 cities of Nepal-Kathmandu, Pokhara & Janakpur
Category: classification
Instruction: Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Marimba, Hummel
Response: Hummel is string, Marimba is percussion.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Why is aluminum wiring in a home dangerous?
Response: When current is passed through a 10ft aluminum wire in a home, the wire can expand up to 3 inches. When the current ends, the wire can shrink up to 3 inches. This can cause wires to pull from electrical boxes and connections, as well as wear through their protective coating when touching parts of the house. Wires are typically hidden within walls and ceilings, and if connections are broken or wires become exposed, the electrical current can start fires.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: "The Day the Music Died" refers to the tragic deaths of which artists?
Response: Buddy Holly, Ritchie Valens and The Big Bopper
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is the mascot of Stanford University?
Response: The mascot of Stanford is a redwood tree.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: What did Stryk study at the Technical University of Munich?
Context: From 1984 to 1989 Stryk studied mathematics and computer science at the Technical University of Munich. In 1994 he received his doctorate in mathematics and then habilitated at the university. He was then postdoctoral researcher at TU Munich. Since 2000 he is professor of simulation, system optimization and robotics at the department of computer science of the Technische Universität Darmstadt. From April 2011 to March 2013 he was dean of the department. He was visiting professor and lecturer at the University of California, San Diego, and the Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Brazil. Stryk is vice president of Robocup. Since 2018 he has been building the German Rescue Robotics Centre.
Response: Stryk studied mathematics and computer science at the Technical University of Munich.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Who wrote the Great Gatsby?
Response: The Great Gatsby was written by F. Scott Fitzgerald
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: Summarize the argument and tell me who won
Context: There was a dispute between Crosby and the sponsor over what theme tune should be used. Woodbury Soap and its agency, Lennon & Mitchell, considered that the tune ‘Loveliness’ which had always been the theme of the Woodbury programs should continue. Crosby argued that the logical theme for the stanza was "Where the Blue of the Night (Meets the Gold of the Day)", on the grounds that the song had been identified with him ever since he had been on the air. Eventually Woodbury conceded to the singer. Other problems arose with Dale Winbrow, who had been sent out to the West coast from New York by the Lennon & Mitchell agency to resolve the theme tune argument and supervise the show. Winbrow listened to the program that Crosby and Lennie Hayton had prepared for the next broadcast and was very critical of it. “The flare up that was provoked from Crosby wound up with the warbler and Hayton declaring themselves out of the show. The baritone’s management later prevailed upon him to hold on while the situation was being straightened out with the agency on the New York end.”
Response: Crosby and the sponsor, Woodbury Soap, argued over what theme tune should be used. Woodbury Soap and its agency, Lennon & Mitchell, argued that ‘Loveliness’ should be chosen because it had always been used for Woodbury programs. Crosby disagreed and insisted that "Where the Blue of the Night (Meets the Gold of the Day)" would be better given that the song had been identified with him ever since he had been on the air.

In the end, Crosby won the argument as Woodbury conceded to the singer.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: What is the definition of Vegetarian?
Context: "Vegetarianism is the practice of abstaining from the consumption of meat (red meat, poultry, seafood, insects, and the flesh of any other animal). It may also include abstaining from eating all by-products of animal slaughter.

Vegetarianism may be adopted for various reasons. Many people object to eating meat out of respect for sentient animal life. Such ethical motivations have been codified under various religious beliefs as well as animal rights advocacy. Other motivations for vegetarianism are health-related, political, environmental, cultural, economic, taste-related, or relate to other personal preferences."
Response: Vegetarianism is the practice of abstaining from the consumption of meat (red meat, poultry, seafood, insects, and the flesh of any other animal).
Category: classification
Instruction: Find the bird in this list: Aquatic warbler, Tiger, Shark
Response: Aquatic warbler
Category: classification
Instruction: Classify each of the following as a programming language or not: Lisp, Basic, Esperanto, Prolog, Sympathy, Pascal, Tessellation, Kumquats, Algol, Java, C++, Corkscrew, Envy, Brainfuck
Response: From the list, these are programming languages: Lisp, Basic, Prolog, Pascal, Algol, Java, C++, Envy, Brainfuck.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is a lepton?
Response: A lepton is an elementary particle that interacts via the weak force and has a half-integer spin. Examples of leptons include the electron, muon and tau particles and their corresponding neutrinos - the electron neutrino, the muon neutron and the tau neutrino.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Why would people prefer cats over dogs?
Response: Cats are easy to care for, quiet, and relatively affordable. They even groom themselves. There are certainly benefits to owning a cat that you won't get from owning a dog.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: What is Utah known for?
Response: Utah is known for its beautiful natural landscape throughout the state. It is home to five world renowned National Parks. Utah is also called Silicone Slopes due to the large number of tech and software companies that have made Utah their homes. Utah is a very safe place to live and raise a family. It is home to the Utah Jazz, Real Salt Lake, Utah Grizzlies, and six well-known Universities, like BYU and University of Utah to name a few.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What are the words of House Swyft?
Response: "Awake! Awake!"
Category: classification
Instruction: What were the following people most noted for; music, visual arts, or their works in another field? Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Frederic Chopin, Leonardo da Vinci, Leonardo DiCaprio, Sir Isaac Newton, Sir Elton John.
Response: Of these individuals, legendary composers/musicians included Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Frederic Chopin, and Sir Elton John, while Leonardo da Vinci was noted for his works in the visual arts; primarily painting. The remaining two individuals, Leonardo DiCaprio and Sir Isaac Newton, do not fall into either of these categories.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: How do you make a peanut butter and jelly sandwich?
Response: You need a few ingredients to make a peanut butter and jelly sandwich. First, you need two slices of bread, which are crucial to the recipe. Next, you will need peanut butter. Some people prefer smooth peanut butter, while others might enjoy crunchy peanut butter. This choice is up to you. The next ingredient is jelly. Like peanut butter, there are many choices of jelly to choose from. The most popular jelly is grape; many people like raspberry or strawberry jelly. Once you have all your ingredients, it is time to assemble your sandwich. First, you lay a piece of bread on your plate. Next, take a knife to spread peanut butter on the slice of bread on the plate. How much peanut butter you spread is up to your preference. Next, take the other slice of bread and spread your jelly on it. Once each piece of bread has either jelly or peanut butter on it, take the two slices of bread and put them together. The final step is to cut your sandwich. Some enjoy eating the sandwich whole, while others enjoy a diagonal cut or a cut down the middle. You have now created your peanut butter and jelly sandwich.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Given this paragraph about the Last of Us TV Series, who was not cast in the show?
Context: Casting took place virtually through Zoom due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Casting director Victoria Thomas wanted to honor the game without being limited by it. Mazin and Thomas sought high-profile guest stars; Thomas said many of the actors "don't usually do one-episode guest spots". On February 10, 2021, Pascal and Ramsey were cast as Joel and Ellie. Earlier that day, it was reported Mahershala Ali was offered the role of Joel after Matthew McConaughey turned it down; The Hollywood Reporter noted Ali "did circle a role" in the show, but a deal was never formed. Any actresses considered for Ellie for the canceled film adaptation—such as Maisie Williams and Kaitlyn Dever—had aged out of consideration by the time the series was in production, resulting in a reset of candidates. The producers primarily sought actors who could embody Joel and Ellie individually as well as imitate their relationship.: 14:42  Though both were previously featured on HBO's Game of Thrones, Pascal and Ramsey had not met before the filming of The Last of Us began but found they had instant chemistry, which developed over the course of production.
Response: Matthew McConaughey turned down the role of Joel which was also reportedly offered to and turned down by Mahershala Ali afterwards. Maisie Williams and Kaitlyn Dever were considered for the role of Ellie but aged out of consideration by the time of production.
Category: creative_writing
Instruction: My back hurts when I ski a lot of moguls and bumps, why does this happen?
Response: It is hard to know the exact reason why your back hurts when you ski a lot of moguls or bumps, it is best to get a ski instructor or work with a physical therapist to let them assess your movement pattern and body.

One potential cause to back pain when you ski moguls or bumps is if you are using your back to take the majority impact and absorbing the bump instead of your knee and hip. As you are hitting a bump, you want to keep your back as straight as possible and let your hip and knee take the impact. The movement pattern is similar to squatting down, where you want to drop your bottom down towards your ankle. The reason you want your knee and hip to take the impact is because those joints have much bigger range of motion compared to your back so as you hit a bump or mogul, those joints will help absorb the majority of the irregularity in the terrain so your back is not needing to move as much which will help reduce the strain being put on it.
Category: summarization
Instruction: What foods are commonly eaten with ketchup?
Context: Ketchup or catsup is a table condiment with a sweet and sour flavor. The unmodified term ("ketchup") now typically refers to tomato ketchup, although early recipes used egg whites, mushrooms, oysters, grapes, mussels, or walnuts, among other ingredients.

Tomato ketchup is made from tomatoes, sugar, and vinegar, with seasonings and spices. The spices and flavors vary, but commonly include onions, allspice, coriander, cloves, cumin, garlic, and mustard, and sometimes include celery, cinnamon, or ginger.[citation needed] The market leader in the United States (60% market share) and the United Kingdom (82%) is Heinz Tomato Ketchup. Tomato ketchup is most often used as a condiment to dishes that are usually served hot and are fried or greasy: french fries and other potato dishes, hamburgers, hot dogs, chicken tenders, hot sandwiches, meat pies, cooked eggs, and grilled or fried meat. Ketchup is sometimes used as the basis for, or as one ingredient in, other sauces and dressings, and the flavor may be replicated as an additive flavoring for snacks, such as potato chips.
Response: Ketchup is often used with french fries and other potato dishes, hamburgers, hot dogs, chicken tenders, hot sandwiches, meat pies, cooked eggs, grilled or fried meat and as an ingredient for salad dressing and sauces.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Were the months that Shirley C. Guthrie Jr. was born and died in the same month or different months?
Context: Shirley C. Guthrie Jr. (9 October 1927 – 23 October 2004) was a minister of the Presbyterian Church (USA) and J.B. Green Professor of Systematic Theology at Columbia Theological Seminary for nearly 40 years. He was well known for his book, Christian Doctrine, which was originally written for an Adult Sunday School Book in the old PCUS Covenant life curriculum.
Response: The same.  Shirley C. Guthrie Jr. was born in October 1927 and died in October 2004.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: which band sold the most albums of all time?
Response: The Beatles.

Perhaps unsurprisingly, British rock band The Beatles are top of the list for best-selling artists worldwide, with 183 million units certified sales.

The Beatles were an English rock band, formed in Liverpool in 1960, that comprised John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr. They are regarded as the most influential band of all time and were integral to the development of 1960s counterculture and popular music's recognition as an art form.
Category: classification
Instruction: Identify the vegetable: apple, orange, potatoes
Response: Trick question, none of them are vegetables. Based on research from the early 2010s, potatoes doesn't have enough nutrimental benefits, to be classified as a vegetable.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: What is a brief summary of the book, "The Well-Educated Mind, A Guide to the Classical Education You Never Had", written by Susan Wise Bauer?
Response: Susan Wise Bauer took inspiration from Mortimer Adler's book, "How to Read A Book", in writing her book, "The Well-Educated Mind, A Guide to the Classical Education You Never Had."  One of the highlights of the book is a reading list of classics from six genres of writing.  The six genres Bauer focuses upon are novels, autobiography, history and politics, drama, poetry and natural sciences. She describes how to approach each genre as a reader, how to ask good questions of the author and how to formulate your own viewpoint of the topic. For each genre, when presenting the book list, she gives you a summary of each book, the best revision of the book to read and her initial impressions of the authors viewpoint.  Bauer's book is not meant to be read from cover to cover, but to be a guide as you work through the reading list of each genre.  Reading Bauer's book is like having your own college level professor guiding you through the classics.  At the end of this guide, if you have read every book on Bauer's recommended list, you will be able to consider yourself well read.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Who is the all time leading passer in the NFL?
Response: As of 2023, Tom Brady is NFL's all-time regular season career passing yards leader with 89,214 . He also holds the playoff record with 13,400 yards for a combined total of 102,614. Tom Brady also holds the all time record for number of Passing Touchdowns with 649.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What entree is associated with American Thanksgiving?
Response: The traditional main meal for an American Thanksgiving is a Turkey
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Why do eucalyptus trees have such an excellent aroma?  Is there any other uses for Eucalyptus?
Context: Some Eucalyptus species have attracted attention from horticulturists, global development researchers, and environmentalists because of desirable traits such as being fast-growing sources of wood, producing oil that can be used for cleaning and as a natural insecticide, or an ability to be used to drain swamps and thereby reduce the risk of malaria. Eucalyptus oil finds many uses like in fuels, fragrances, insect repellence and antimicrobial activity. Eucalyptus trees show allelopathic effects; they release compounds which inhibit other plant species from growing nearby. Outside their natural ranges, eucalypts are both lauded for their beneficial economic impact on poor populations: 22  and criticised for being "water-guzzling" aliens, leading to controversy over their total impact.
Response: The oil from Eucalyptus trees provides several benefits with the most prevalent being the pleasant aroma.  As a tree that grows fast and has been used strategically to reduce the risk of malaria by draining swamps a little Eucalyptus goes a long way.  The oil produced by these trees are also useful in an antimicrobial activity and in some cases has been known to make the trees more flammable.  Outside of their native Australia they have been viewed as an invasive species.
Category: summarization
Instruction: Who is Stevie Wonder?
Context: Stevie Wonder is an American singer-songwriter, who is credited as a pioneer and influence by musicians across a range of genres that include rhythm and blues, pop, soul, gospel, funk, and jazz.
Response: Stevie Wonder is an American singer-songwriter, who is credited as a pioneer and influence by musicians across a range of genres that include rhythm and blues, pop, soul, gospel, funk, and jazz.
A virtual one-man band, Wonder's use of synthesizers and other electronic musical instruments during the 1970s reshaped the conventions of R&B. He also helped drive such genres into the album era, crafting his LPs as cohesive and consistent, in addition to socially conscious statements with complex compositions. Blind since shortly after his birth, Wonder was a child prodigy who signed with Motown's Tamla label at the age of 11, where he was given the professional name Little Stevie Wonder.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Can AI take my job
Response: While it is possible for AI to do a piece of work that is done by a human, it is unlikely that AI will make humans redundant in the workplace.  What is more plausible is that AI will change the nature of how humans work, enabling greater productivity or becoming a validation/verification process.

A good example of this is GPS.  For years, taxi drivers used their knowledge of an area to take people from one place to another, but with the invention of GPS, this local knw;edge became less valuable (but not redundant).  There was not a reduction in Taxi drives, if anything, there were more Taxis available to the general public.

The spell checker has been in software for decades, but it is still down to the individual to clarify their specific meaning and validate the final output, rather than relying purely on what a computer generates.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: How many times did Jorge compete in the Olympics?
Context: Jorge Rubén García Velazco (born 29 October 1962) is an Argentine windsurfer. He competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics and the 1988 Summer Olympics.
Response: Two times
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What was the last item shown on British TV before WW2
Response: Mickey Mouse
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Give me some ideas for my son's birthday party.
Response: There are several ways to plan a fun and engaging birthday party for your son.  To get started, it would be helpful to consider your son's interests.  From there, you can set that thing of interest as a theme and plan your party around it.  For example, let's say your son loves the car.  In that scenario, you could decorate the event space with car-related stuff and perhaps even order a cake shaped like a car!
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is Grafana?
Response: Grafana is a multi-platform open source analytics and interactive visualization web application. It provides charts, graphs, and alerts for the web when connected to supported data sources.
Category: classification
Instruction: We are going to the zoo and need you to tell us which animals belong in which section. The animals are alligator, bald eagle, elephant, hippopotamus, camel, frog, penguin, and zebra. The sections are amphibians, birds, mammals, and reptiles.
Response: The alligator is a reptile. The Bald Eagle and Penguin are birds. Camel and elephant are mammals. The frog is an amphibian.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: What is the best bidding system in duplicate bridge?
Response: Bidding systems in bridge allow the partnership to communicate the strength and various characteristics of their hand to arrive at an appropriate contract. A good bidding system should be descriptive, accommodate many different hand types, and account for interference from the opponents. There is no clear best bidding system as they all have advantages and disadvantages but 2/1 (two-over-one) is accepted to be the standard that people use. The reason is that it can describe many hand types efficiently through natural bidding, it is easy to learn and understand, and handle interference from opponents.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is a verb?
Response: A verb is an action word that describes an activity.  Examples of verbs are the following: swimming, hiking, biking, roller skating, or skydiving.  All of these single and combination word examples are tied to an activity that any living thing can do.  For example, a dog can bike ride with a human when the human is pedaling the bike.  Verb use is not limited to humans or people only but applies to all living things.
Category: summarization
Instruction: Based on this paragraph, give me a summary of what a kidney donor chain is.
Context: Exchanges and chains are a novel approach to expand the living donor pool. In February 2012, this novel approach to expand the living donor pool resulted in the largest chain in the world, involving 60 participants organized by the National Kidney Registry. In 2014 the record for the largest chain was broken again by a swap involving 70 participants. The acceptance of altruistic donors has enabled chains of transplants to form. Kidney chains are initiated when an altruistic donor donates a kidney to a patient who has a willing but incompatible donor. This incompatible donor then 'pays it forward' and passes on the generosity to another recipient who also had a willing but incompatible donor. Michael Rees from the University of Toledo developed the concept of open-ended chains. This was a variation of a concept developed at Johns Hopkins University. On 30 July 2008, an altruistic donor kidney was shipped via commercial airline from Cornell to UCLA, thus triggering a chain of transplants. The shipment of living donor kidneys, computer-matching software algorithms, and cooperation between transplant centers has enabled long-elaborate chains to be formed.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidney_transplantation
Response: When a donor wishes to give their kidney to a specific patient but they are not a match with that patient, they can join a kidney donor chain to accelerate the process of finding an organ for the patient. In exchange for giving their kidney to another patient, the patient they had wanted to help can be paired with another donor who is a match for them but not for the patient to whom they wish to donate their kidney.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: What are some common items on a charcuterie board?
Response: Common items on a charcuterie board include slice cured sausage, pepperoni, goat cheese, manchengo cheese, white cheddar, prosciutto, baby dill pickles, dried apricots, grapes, jam, crackers, and chocolate covered almonds.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: What is the meaning of life?
Response: The meaning of life, the complete answer to the ultimate question of life, the universe and everything, is...

42.

If you want to find out what the ultimate question actually is, you're going to need a bigger AI.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: What are good female celebrity costumes for an 80s party?
Response: There are many amazing 80s female costume options to choose from. See the list below for a few top choices:

- Madonna
- Jem and the Holograms
- Pamela Anderson
- Punky Brewster
- Lady Diana
- Alex Owens from Flashdance
- The Golden Girls
- She-Ra
- Tina Turner
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is a piano?
Response: A piano is a keyboard instrument that uses wooden hammers to strike a string which produces a sound.  The hammers on a piano are coated with a soft material so they do not damage the string they hit when a keyboard key is pressed.  You have to play this keyboard instrument with one or two hands in sync on a keyboard and then the keys hit in unified succession you get music or a string of sounds that is enjoyable to listen to.
Category: creative_writing
Instruction: Write a story about a toddler who woke up in the middle of the night after a nightmare about a monster under their bed.
Response: The toddler woke up after hearing a shuffling noise and feeling their bed rattle. The bedroom was eerily dark and quiet all of a sudden. He turned on the light and saw a quick glimpse of what looked like hands retreating under the bed. "DAD!", he yelled out. As his dad ran into the room, he started crying - muttering, in between sniffles, about a monster under the bed. Dad bravely poked under the bed, squealed with excitement, and pulled out a toy fork from under the bed. Smiling, he showed the toddler his new toy - that he'd forgotten about. After a few cuddles and another bedtime story, he was fast asleep again. And the monster under the bed was back to planning its next move.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is wholesale banking?
Response: Wholesale banking is the provision of services by banks to larger customers or organizations such as mortgage brokers, large corporate clients, mid-sized companies, real estate developers and investors, international trade finance businesses, institutional customers (such as pension funds and government entities/agencies), and services offered to other banks or other financial institutions.

Wholesale finance refers to financial services conducted between financial services companies and institutions such as banks, insurers, fund managers, and stockbrokers.

Modern wholesale banks engage in:

- Finance wholesaling
- Underwriting
- Market making
- Consultancy
- Mergers and acquisitions
- Fund management
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Give me a bulleted list of the last 10 UK Prime Ministers
Response: - Rishi Sunak
- Liz Truss
- Boris Johnson
- Theresa May
- David Cameron
- Gordon Brown
- Tony Blair
- John Major
- Margaret Thatcher
- James Callaghan
Category: classification
Instruction: Tell me whether these are airplanes or boats : Cessna, Regal, Sunray, Learjet, Airbus, Jetski, Boeing, Cirrus, Mooney and Zodiac.
Response: The following are airplanes : Cessna, LEarjet, Airbus, Boeing, Cirrus and Mooney.
The following are boats : Regal, Sunray  and Zodiac.
Category: classification
Instruction: Which of the following are rock bands (e.g., garage rock, alternative, indie, etc.): Pavement, Nirvana, The Beatles, The Who, Led Zeppelin, Lynyrd Skynyrd, Pearl Jam, The Doors, dirt, grass, co2, hamburgers
Response: The following are rock bands: Pavement, Nirvana, The Beatles, The Who, Led Zeppelin, Lynrd Skynyrd, Pearl Jam, The Doors
Category: summarization
Instruction: Please give me a summary of what AES-GCM is and what are its inputs and outputs.
Context: In cryptography, Galois/Counter Mode (GCM) is a mode of operation for symmetric-key cryptographic block ciphers which is widely adopted for its performance. GCM throughput rates for state-of-the-art, high-speed communication channels can be achieved with inexpensive hardware resources.

The GCM algorithm provides both data authenticity (integrity) and confidentiality and belongs to the class of authenticated encryption with associated data (AEAD) methods. This means that as input it takes a key K, some plaintext P, and some associated data AD; it then encrypts the plaintext using the key to produce ciphertext C, and computes an authentication tag T from the ciphertext and the associated data (which remains unencrypted). A recipient with knowledge of K, upon reception of AD, C and T, can decrypt the ciphertext to recover the plaintext P and can check the tag T to ensure that neither ciphertext nor associated data were tampered with.
Response: AES-GCM is a mode of operation for symmetric-key cryptography. It stands for Galois/Counter Mode and is an authenticated block cipher that provides integrity and authenticity on top of confidentiality. It accepts as input a key K, a plaintest P and associated data AD, and it produces as output the ciphertext C and an authentication tag T.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Where was the first ever India and USA armed forces Tri-Services Exercise Tiger Triumph help?
Response: The first ever India and USA armed forces Tri-Services Exercise Tiger Triumph was held in Kikinada Coast, India