fedml/databricks-dolly-15k-niid huggingface dataset:
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: Tell me about Clarence Adams
Context: Clarence Richard Adams (born July 6, 1974) is an American former professional boxer. He has won a world title in the Super Bantamweight weight division.

Professional career
Adams turned pro in 1990, at the age of 16. In 2000 defeated Néstor Garza for the WBA super bantamweight title by unanimous decision. In his first defense he beat Andres Fernandez by 6th-round TKO. The fight ended when the referee stopped the fight and the ringside physician, Armando Sanchez, determined that Fernandez could not continue due to cuts.

Adams defended the title one more time before vacating to fight Paulie Ayala. He lost the bout by split decision in 2001, and also lost a rematch in 2002. Adams retired in 2003 after drawing with journeyman Manuel Sepeda, but returned to boxing in 2006. On June 12, 2009, Adams defeated veteran Alex "Ali" Baba in an 8th-round TKO.

His last match was in 2010, a fourth-round technical knockout loss to Edel Ruiz, which brought Adams’ record to 44-7-4 with 20 knockouts and 1 no contest.

In 2015, Adams was ordered to spend half a year behind bars after pleading guilty to being part of a group of people involved with drug trafficking, fraud and prostitution. Adams, who was a driver for the limousine company accused of the criminal activity, “admitted to playing a small role in the prostitution and drug dealing portions of the scheme.”

Adams now owns Bones Adams Gym in Las Vegas, a boxing training center. He played a key role in helping Blair Cobbs becoming a professional boxer. As of September 2021, Adams is now training Amir Khan's first-ever signing and protege, Tal Singh, a former England amateur champion, who he is hoping to guide towards a historic world title triumph. Adams also trains Shane Mosley Jr. in his Las Vegas gym.
Response: Clarence Richard Adams (born July 6, 1974) is an American former professional boxer who has won a world title in the Super Bantamweight weight division. He turned pro in 1990 at the age of 16. In 2000, he unanimously defeated Néstor Garza for the WBA super bantamweight title. In his first defence, he beat Andres Fernandez by 6th-round TKO. He defended the title one more time before vacating to fight Paulie Ayala. He retired in 2003 after drawing with journeyman Manuel Sepeda but returned to boxing in 2006. In 2009, he defeated veteran Alex "Ali" Baba in an 8th-round TKO. His last match was in 2010, a fourth-round technical knockout loss to Edel Ruiz. In 2015, Adams was ordered to spend half a year behind bars after pleading guilty to being part of a group of people involved with drug trafficking, fraud and prostitution. He now owns Bones Adams Gym in Las Vegas and is currently training Amir Khan's first-ever signing and protege, Tal Singh.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: What was the Caribbean and Central America Action
Context: Caribbean and Central American Action was a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization which has hosted the annual Miami Conference on the Caribbean & Central America for 33 years.

The organization has a multinational Board of Trustees, currently headed by Cornelius B. Prior, Jr., and is based in Washington, DC.

Among the public figures speaking at the 33rd conference, held in 2009 in Miami, were the Prime Minister of Haiti, Jean-Max Bellerive, Canada's Minister of State of Foreign Affairs, Peter Kent and Puerto Rico's Secretary of State, Kenneth McClintock. The organization's policy-oriented programs have focused on tourism, financial services, policy and regulatory environments for business in the Americas, energy security, maritime port security, disaster mitigation, customs, telecommunications, intellectual property rights, information technology, agriculture and telecommunications. Cabinet-level officials have represented the United States at prior conferences

The organization has closed
Response: Caribbean and Central American Action was a non-profit organization which has hosted the annual Miami Conference on the Caribbean & Central America for 33 years.

The organization has a multinational Board of Trustees, currently headed by Cornelius B. Prior, Jr., and is based in Washington, DC.

Among the public figures speaking at the 33rd conference, held in 2009 in Miami, were the Prime Minister of Haiti, Jean-Max Bellerive, Canada's Minister of State of Foreign Affairs, Peter Kent and Puerto Rico's Secretary of State, Kenneth McClintock. The organization's policy-oriented programs have focused on tourism, financial services, policy and regulatory environments for business in the Americas, energy security, maritime port security, disaster mitigation, customs, telecommunications, intellectual property rights, information technology, agriculture and telecommunications. Cabinet-level officials have represented the United States at prior conferences.

The organization has closed.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: As per the passage what are the four names of the Vedas?
Context: In the most generic context, a Samhita may refer to any methodical collection of text or verses: Any shastra, sutra, or Sanskrit Epic, along with Vedic texts, might be referred to as a Samhita.Samhita, however, in contemporary literature typically implies the earliest, archaic part of the Vedas. These contain mantras – sacred sounds with or without literal meaning, as well as panegyrics, prayers, litanies and benedictions petitioning nature or Vedic deities. Vedic Samhita refer to mathematically precise metrical archaic text of each of the Vedas (Rigveda, Yajurveda, Samaveda and Atharvaveda).The Vedas have been divided into four styles of texts – the Samhitas (mantras and benedictions), the Brahmanas (text on rituals, ceremonies, sacrifices and symbolic-sacrifices), the Aranyakas (commentaries on rituals, ceremonies and sacrifices), and the Upanishads (text discussing meditation, philosophy and spiritual knowledge). The Samhitas are sometimes identified as karma-khanda (कर्म खण्ड, action / ritual-related section), while the Upanishads are identified as jnana-khanda (ज्ञान खण्ड, knowledge / spirituality-related section). The Aranyakas and Brahmanas are variously classified, sometimes as the ceremonial karma-khanda, other times (or parts of them) as the jnana-khanda.The Vedic Samhitas were chanted during ceremonies and rituals, and parts of it remain the oldest living part of Hindu tradition.A collective study of Vedas and later text suggests that the compendium of Samhitas and associated Vedic texts were far larger than currently available. However, most have been lost at some point or over a period of Indian history.
Response: Rigveda, Yajurveda, Samaveda and Atharvaveda
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Where does the word aurora come from?
Context: The word "aurora" is derived from the name of the Roman goddess of the dawn, Aurora, who travelled from east to west announcing the coming of the sun. Ancient Greek poets used the corresponding name Eos metaphorically to refer to dawn, often mentioning its play of colors across the otherwise dark sky (e.g., "rosy-fingered dawn").
Response: The word "aurora" is derived from the name of the Roman goddess of the dawn,
Category: classification
Instruction: Classify the following foods as Mexican or Italian: Burrito, Pizza, Pasta, Quesadilla, Taco, Gelato
Response: Burrito: Mexican
Pizza: Italian
Pasta: Italian
Quesadilla: Mexican
Taco: Mexican
Gelato: Italian
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Who are the best college football programs of all time?
Response: Ranked by total wins as of the completion of the 2022 season

1. Michigan
T2. Ohio State
T2. Alabama
4. Notre Dame
5. Texas
6. Oklahoma
7. Yale
8. Penn State
9. Nebraska
10. Harvard
Category: creative_writing
Instruction: why are lot of the women more structured and methodical in work, compared to men
Response: many studies have been conducted to support that women have better organisational skills then men. This trait is also evident outside workplaces at home where women are generally the ones who organise things at home compared to their male counterpart. Organising and being methodical helps in being efficient and do multi tasking better. As more and more women are entering workforce, they continue to take the bigger share of the responsibility of home weather it child care, or home maintenance. In order to manage these women generally spend their time planning and organising things and executing the plan which helps them multi task. This is also the reason why women tend to clock required work hours as they have responsibilities outside work as well, so they have to be efficient in getting things done in 8 hours which men are generally more free to take longer hours to complete.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Based on this paragraph about the potential Kontinental Hockey League expansion, how many divisions and how many conferences would the proposed league have?
Context: The proposed league would have consisted of two conferences split into four divisions. The current KHL would have made up one of the conferences. The other conference would have been composed of a Scandinavian division and a Central European division. The winners of the two conferences would have played each other for the overall championship.
Response: The league would have two conferences and four divisions.
Category: summarization
Instruction: What's the main benefits of a Subaru Forester Wilderness?
Context: Alongside the facelift model, Subaru released a new model called the Forester Wilderness for the North American market. It is intended to be a more off-road-oriented version of the Forester, and is positioned between the Limited and Touring trim levels in the Forester lineup. Visually, the Forester has more body cladding, and on the inside, copper-colored accents. It features a 0.5 inches (13 mm) lift for a total of 9.2 inches (230 mm) of ground clearance, the Wilderness also has all-terrain tires, a modified final drive ratio, and a stronger roof rack than previous models. Subaru's StarTex water-repellent seats are also standard.

The Wilderness is powered by the same 2.5-liter FB25D naturally-aspirated four cylinder engine powering other North American market Foresters. The Wilderness uses an Enhanced Dual-Function X-Mode version. The X-Mode is upgraded and re-tuned, with settings for snow, dirt, deep snow and mud. Additional wheel-slip is allowed to occur, which provides an advantage in harsh driving conditions.
Response: The Forester Wilderness provides 0.5 inches (13 mm) lift that increases ground clearance to 9.2 inches (230mm). 
The vehicle comes with all-terrain tires, modified final drive ratio, stronger roof rack, and water-repellent seats. 
The engine size is the same, but it includes an enhanced dual-function x-mode with additional wheel-slip allowance to handle harsh driving conditions in snow, dirt, deep snow, and mud.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Give me a few ways that I could travel from Munich to Rome and list the advantages and disadvantages for each.
Response: Here are several ways that you could travel from Munich to Rome:

1. By air - Plane travel is probably the most common and fastest way to travel from Munich to Rome. Depending on when you fly, your ticket class, and how close to your departure date that you buy your tickets, pricing can vary from less than $100 (91 Euros) to over $500 (455 Euros). Be sure to plan your trip and purchase tickets in advance to ensure that you save money. Also, while Munich has one major airport (MUC), Rome has two large international airports (FCO and CIA). It will take roughly 90 minutes by plane to travel from Munich to Rome, not accounting for time in the airport, security lines and customs.

2. By train - Traveling by train is another common way to get from Munich to Rome. While it will take longer than by air, tickets are very inexpensive and can be purchased the day of travel. A one way train ticket from Munich to Rome will cost roughly $35 (32 Euros), and take between 9-12 hours, depending on the route and number of stops.

3. By car - Traveling by car from Munich to Rome is also an option. With limited stops, it will take roughly 10 hours to drive from Munich to Rome, but having a car will allow you flexibility to stop along the way at any cities or sites that you want to see. 

Depending on your specific needs, all three of these options could be viable ways to travel from Munich to Rome.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Why people love youtube as a search option rather then Google?
Response: Because people love to view rather then read to gain knowledge also I believe When you see you capture most rather you read (or hear)
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Give me 4 words to describe designer shoes
Response: creative, exquisite, expensive, fashionable
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Why do people use a mobile phone?
Response: People use a mobile phones for different reasons. For example, they can use it to connect with friends and family by text messages or phone calls. Also, they can install other social apps such as Facebook, Instagram and Whatsapp that help them connect. Some might also use it for work, to communicate with colleagues and access work-related apps and email from anywhere. Also, mobile phones provide access to unlimited information through the Internet so that you can stay connected anytime from anywhere.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Why do people live in homes?
Response: People live in homes because its a way to protect you from the elements of nature like storms, heavy rain, lightning, heat and humidity.  Its a place that offers comfort with air conditioning, offers a comfortable place to sleep, and offers a comfortable place to cook and eat and have entertaining activities like television, and spending time with your family.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: Extract all the different ways to describe dolls from these passages
Context: Ruth Handler watched her daughter Barbara play with paper dolls, and noticed that she often enjoyed giving them adult roles. At the time, most children's toy dolls were representations of infants. Realizing that there could be a gap in the market, Handler suggested the idea of an adult-bodied doll to her husband Elliot, a co-founder of the Mattel toy company. He was unenthusiastic about the idea, as were Mattel's directors.

During a trip to Europe in 1956 with her children Barbara and Kenneth, Ruth Handler came across a German toy doll called Bild Lilli. The adult-figured doll was exactly what Handler had in mind, so she purchased three of them. She gave one to her daughter and took the others back to Mattel. The Lilli doll was based on a popular character appearing in a comic strip drawn by Reinhard Beuthin for the newspaper Bild. Lilli was a blonde bombshell, a working girl who knew what she wanted and was not above using men to get it. The Lilli doll was first sold in Germany in 1955, and although it was initially sold to adults, it became popular with children who enjoyed dressing her up in outfits that were available separately.
Response: paper dolls, infants, adult-bodied doll, adult-figured doll
Category: open_qa
Instruction: How long do I need to work before I retire?
Response: Typically you need to work until the age of 65 before you can retire.  Some jobs may offer you a 401k if you work at the job for an extended period of time which you have access to at the age of 65.  You might be able to retire sooner than the age of 65 if you own your own business, and it makes enough money to support your current lifestyle.  Important things to consider before you retire is whether you have enough money to sustain your lifestyle plus account for yearly inflation, and whether you will want to work part time or do consulting work in retirement to keep yourself busy and give you sense of purpose.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Which are the main reasons for doing a PhD?
Response: A PhD degree provides advanced critical thinking, not only in the field of Science that the PhD was achieved, but also generally. Additionally, PhD programs give the opportunity to students to perform dedicated research to topics which are of specific interest to them.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: What is the biggest company in the world in terms of market capitlization?
Response: In terms of market capitalisation, Apple, Inc. is the biggest company valued at around 2.5 trillion dollars.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: After returning home after the Boer War, where did Wade work as a clinical tutor?
Context: In 1900, in response to a national call for volunteer doctors to serve in the Boer War, Wade enlisted as a civilian surgeon and was posted to join the Royal Scots Fusiliers at the 1st General Hospital in Wynberg. He went on to serve at the 1st General Hospital, Pretoria, South Africa. He was awarded the Queen's Medal with four clasps. On his return home after two years, Wade became clinical tutor under Professor Francis Mitchell Caird, Professor of Clinical Surgery at Edinburgh University. At the same time, he was appointed as a demonstrator in anatomy and then pathology at the University of Edinburgh. In 1903, he was appointed museum conservator at the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh and became a fellow of the college.
Response: After returning home, Wade worked as a clinical tutor at Edinburgh University.
Category: creative_writing
Instruction: I need some ideas for a first date.
Response: -  Dinner at your favorite pizzeria 
- A walk around a local park
- Mid-afternoon coffee at a local coffee shop
- Tour a museum
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: What other names are used to refer to Taweret, the Egyptian goddess:
Response: The Egyptian goddess Taweret can be called Taouris, Taueret, Taurt, Tawaret, Ta-weret, Thoeris, Thouéris, Toeris, Tuart, Tuat or Twert.
Category: creative_writing
Instruction: Ram was asked to repeat after the speaker. Speaker: Red, Ram: Red. Speaker: Blue, Ram: Blue. Speaker: Green, Ram: Green. Speaker: What's your name? , Ram: Ram

What went wrong here?
Response: Haha, that's a nice one. While Ram was asked to repeat after the speaker, he ended up taking the speaker's last phrase as a question and tried answering it, which isn't what he was instructed to do.
Ram should have repeated the last phrase, which would be as follows:
Speaker: What's your name? , Ram: What's your name?
Category: general_qa
Instruction: What is the most famous landmark in Cologne?
Response: The most famous landmark in Cologne is the Cologne Cathedral. The construction of the cathedral started in 1248 and was finished in 1880. The cathedral is famous for its gothic architecture. It is located in the center of the city of Cologne. More than 20.000 tourists visit the cathedral every day.
Category: classification
Instruction: Tell me whether this is a list of flowers or trees: oak, aspen, fir, maple, and redwood.
Response: These are trees rather than flowers.
Category: classification
Instruction: Which cities in China are self-governing cities? Beijing, Shanghai, Changsha, Shenzhen
Response: The self-governing cities of the People's Republic of China are provincial-level administrative units. They are not provinces, but have the same rank as provinces and autonomous regions and report directly to the central government of the People's Republic of China.

There are four self-government cities in China. These are:

Beijing , the capital of China;
Tianjin , a port city 120 km south-east of Beijing;
Chongqing , by far the largest in terms of area - and thus also the largest in terms of population - of the four cities whose administrative area used to form the eastern seventh of Sichuan Province ;
Shanghai , the economic and financial metropolis at the mouth of the Yangtze River .

So only Beijing and Shanghai are the self-governing cities in your question.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Who were the Ottomans?
Context: The Ottoman Empire, historically and colloquially the Turkish Empire, was an empire that controlled much of Southeast Europe, Western Asia, and Northern Africa between the 14th and early 20th centuries. It was founded at the end of the 13th century in northwestern Anatolia in the town of Söğüt (modern-day Bilecik Province) by the Turkoman tribal leader Osman I. After 1354, the Ottomans crossed into Europe and, with the conquest of the Balkans, the Ottoman beylik was transformed into a transcontinental empire. The Ottomans ended the Byzantine Empire with the conquest of Constantinople in 1453 by Mehmed the Conqueror.
Response: The Ottomans belonged to the Ottoman empire which was founded in Anatolia, a region in Turkey and over the centuries spread more vastly to become a transcontinental empire.
Category: classification
Instruction: Arrange these weapons from oldest to newest, based on the date they were first invented.

Sword
Nuclear Bomb
Hand Axe
Gatling Gun
Rifle
Response: The correct order is handaxe, sword, rifle, gatling gun, nuclear bomb.

The handaxe is a Stone Age weapon that has existed for more than one million years and long predates homo sapiens. The earliest swords were invented around 3,300 BC in Europe during the beginning of the Bronze Age. The first rifles were likely developed during the 15th century, although their exact origins are unknown. The Gatling gun was invented in 1862 and was first used in battle during the US civil war. The nuclear bomb was invented in 1945 as part of the Manhattan Project.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: What rank did Elvis Presley hold in the US Army?
Context: Elvis Aaron Presley (January 8, 1935 – August 16, 1977), often referred to mononymously as Elvis, was an American singer, actor and sergeant in the United States Army. Dubbed the "King of Rock and Roll", he is regarded as one of the most significant cultural figures of the 20th century. His energized interpretations of songs and sexually provocative performance style, combined with a singularly potent mix of influences across color lines during a transformative era in race relations, led him to both great success and initial controversy.
Response: Elvis Presley held the rank of sergeant in the United States Army.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Name some popular video games exclusive to Sony’s Playstation game consoles.
Response: Some of the most popular games that are exclusive to Sony Playstation consoles include the Uncharted series, the Gran Turismo series, and the God of War series. Each series of games have sold tens of millions of copies.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Why do people like cats?
Response: People that like cats typically like them because they are low maintenance pets, they are easy to care for, they are very clean and they doesn’t require a lot of work to keep them healthy, compared to other pets, like dogs.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Given a reference text about Giovanni Dominici, when was he beatified?
Context: Giovanni Dominici (c. 1355 – 10 June 1419) was an Italian Catholic prelate and Dominican who became a cardinal. His ideas had a profound influence on the art of Fra Angelico who entered the order through him. But he once encountered difficulties becoming a friar due to a speech impairment that his superiors believed would rule him ineligible for both profession and the priesthood. Dominici became a noted theologian and preacher and was tireless in establishing monasteries and convents in cities such as Fiesole and Lucca.

He attempted to resign his cardinalate in 1415 during the Council of Constance after he succeeded in convincing the pope to abdicate in order to end the Western Schism. But the Council refused to accept his resignation though he had resigned from the archbishopric that he held. He spent the remainder of his life as a papal legate for Pope Martin V until he died in Buda.

He had been first named as a Blessed since 1622 though he had not been recognized as such until he was beatified on 9 April 1832.[
Response: Giovanni Dominici was beatified on April 9, 1832.
Category: classification
Instruction: Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Pahu, Morin khuur
Response: Morin khuur is string, Pahu is percussion.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: How many players are there on each side of a water polo game, including the goalie
Response: There are seven players on each side of a water polo game
Category: classification
Instruction: Which is an imperial or a metric measurement: mile, kilometre
Response: mile is imperial, kilometre is metric
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Which episode of "The X-Files" was broadcast in black-and-white?
Response: The Post-Modern Prometheus
Category: classification
Instruction: Is an avocado a fruit or a vegetable?
Response: An avocado is a single-seeded berry fruit
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: When did the Artificer class first appear in D&D
Context: The artificer is a playable character class in the Dungeons & Dragons (D&D) fantasy role-playing game. The Artificer first appeared as a full class in the 3.5 edition of D&D and was introduced in the Eberron campaign setting. The artificer is a unique base class that reflects many of the core themes of Eberron.
Response: The Artificer first appeared as a full class in the 3.5 edition of D&D and was introduced in the Eberron campaign setting.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Haven't you always believed that Earth is flat?
Response: No, I never believed that Earth is flat. The Earth is an irregularly shaped Ellipsoid.
Category: summarization
Instruction: what was the American Revolutionary War
Context: The American Revolutionary War (April 19, 1775 – September 3, 1783), also known as the Revolutionary War or American War of Independence, was the military conflict of the American Revolution in which American Patriot forces under George Washington's command defeated the British, establishing and securing the independence of the United States.
Response: The American Revolutionary War (April 19, 1775 – September 3, 1783), also known as the Revolutionary War or American War of Independence, was the military conflict of the American Revolution in which American Patriot forces under George Washington's command defeated the British, establishing and securing the independence of the United States. Fighting began on April 19, 1775 at the Battles of Lexington and Concord. The war was formalized and intensified following passage of the Lee Resolution, which asserted that the Thirteen Colonies were "free and independent states", and the Declaration of Independence, drafted by the Committee of Five and written primarily by Thomas Jefferson, by the Second Continental Congress in Philadelphia, on July 2, 1776 and July 4, 1776, respectively.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: What are the best camps ideas for kids?
Response: Kids camps cover many different activities, depending on the season, and the age of the children attending. Here are some fun camp ideas, that most kids will enjoy:
1. Sports camp - kids play different sports every day
2. Art camp - kids get a chance to use different materials to be creative
3. Sailing camp - if the child loves the water, sailing is a great activity to learn
4. Math & Reading camp - this might sound like school, but reading and math can be fun too, and specialized camps try to gamify these foundational academic skills
5. Adventure camp - give kids some freedom and a taste of the outdoors, adventure camps tend to involve hiking, kayaking or canoeing, exploring, and learning about the natural environment
Category: open_qa
Instruction: How do you build a roof?
Response: Roofs are more complex than they look from the outside. Here are the basic steps to building a roof:

1. Build out the shape of the roof with a wood frame. This is the roof's skeleton.
2. Cover the frame with decking. Decking is the first layer of the roof. It's a thin piece of wood that all the other material will rest on. 
3. Add an underlayment on top of the decking. This is a synthetic barrier that guards against water and fire, and helps the roof maintain its shape if the wood under it expands or contracts.
4. Add flashing around vertical elements on the roof. Flashing is a thin sheet of metal that prevents water from getting into gaps around vertical elements like chimneys and vents.
5. Apply shingles to the roof. Shingles are made of asphalt and they are the outermost layer of a roof. Shingles are the first line of defense in protecting your home, but they can also add color and design elements to your home.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: How many basketball teams are in NBA?
Response: There are 30 teams in NBA, 15 in east and 15 in west. The most recent expand with the Charlotte Bobcats in 2004. There is rumor that there is a possible NBA expansion to 32 teams around 2025.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Why should I use toothpaste
Response: Toothpaste is a paste or gel dentifrice used with a toothbrush to clean and maintain the aesthetics and health of teeth. Toothpaste is used to promote oral hygiene: it is an abrasive that aids in removing dental plaque and food from the teeth, assists in suppressing halitosis, and delivers active ingredients (most commonly fluoride) to help prevent tooth decay (dental caries) and gum disease (gingivitis). Owing to differences in composition and fluoride content, not all toothpastes are equally effective in maintaining oral health. The decline of tooth decay during the 20th century has been attributed to the introduction and regular use of fluoride-containing toothpastes worldwide. Large amounts of swallowed toothpaste can be toxic. Common colors for toothpaste include white (sometimes with colored stripes or green tint) and blue.

Usefulness
Toothpastes are generally useful to maintain dental health. Toothpastes containing fluoride are effective at preventing tooth decay. Toothpastes may also help to control and remove plaque build-up, promoting healthy gums. A 2016 systematic review indicated that using toothpaste when brushing the teeth does not necessarily impact the level of plaque removal. However, the active ingredients in toothpastes are able to prevent dental diseases with regular use.

Ingredients
Toothpastes are derived from a variety of components, the three main ones being abrasives, fluoride, and detergent.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Did the dome last as long as it was designed for?
Context: After an ice storm in December 2015, the 13-year-old dome collapsed. It housed several events for indoor track athletes, including practices and meets, practice room for all winter sports teams, physical education classes, and various community events.

The dome was designed by Air Structures American Technologies Inc. and cost $3 million at the time of its construction in 2002. It was meant to last 15–20 years.
Response: No, it did not. The dome only lasted 13 years, but it was designed to last 15-20 years.
Category: creative_writing
Instruction: Can you write a post advertising a social event for the end of the year?
Response: Are you ready to kickstart this incredible Spring?
Come join us in celebrating. Bring your friends, family and whomever else to enjoy fun activities and treats from the city’s finest dessert vendors. 

In addition to this great event, make sure to see all of the other incredible programming as we head toward the end of the year!
Category: general_qa
Instruction: What is ASEAN?
Response: ASEAN stands for the Association of South East Asian Nations. It was formed as an economic and political union on the 8th of August 1967 through the Bangkok Declaration. It has a secondary objective of promoting peace. It currently consists of ten member countries in South East Asia, namely Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is an illegal building technique?
Response: An illegal building technique is a Lego piece connection that is officially listed as illegal by the Lego corporation. They are never used in official Lego sets. This is because these building techniques stress the Lego pieces beyond their intended use and cause the pieces to get damaged over time.

For example, sandwiching a Lego plate in between two Lego studs is an illegal technique as this was not their intended use, and the distance between the Lego studs is not wide enough to fit the Lego plate without damaging one of the pieces.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Given a reference text about the Bakersfield Majestics, where did the team play its games?
Context: The Bakersfield Majestics, formerly the Bakersfield Magic, are an American basketball team based in Bakersfield, California, and members in the minor professional The Basketball League (TBL).

Starting The Franchise
From 2006 to 2016, Bakersfield, California, was home to the Bakersfield Jam of the NBA Development League. The team played at Rabobank Arena until 2009 and later at the Jam Events Center. On May 9, 2014, the Jam entered a hybrid affiliation with the Phoenix Suns, giving the Suns exclusive affiliation with the team while allowing the Jam to operate under their own management. On April 12, 2016, the Suns announced that the organization had purchased the Jam and were relocating the franchise to the town of Prescott Valley, Arizona, for the 2016–17 season to become the Northern Arizona Suns. In response, the previous owners of the Jam franchise, Stan Ellis and David Higdon, announced that they had been working with the D-League in securing a new franchise and affiliation before the 2016–17 season, although it did not come to fruition.

In June 2021, it was first reported by KGET-TV that Bakersfield would host the Bakersfield Magic in The Basketball League for the 2022 season. On August 5, 2021, it was announced that Spencer Norman, previously announced as the team market owner for the Fresno Fire, would be the team market owner. Karaya Gage was initially announced as the team's first head coach, making her the first African-American woman to serve as Head Coach of a men's professional basketball team. However, after coaching the team during a pre-season exhibition against members of the Bakersfield Police Department on January 29, 2022, Gage quietly left the organization. The team then announced that Peter Pang would serve as the new Head Coach, becoming the first Chinese-American to coach a professional basketball team in the United States. Lawrence "Doc" Holliday was the team's initial General Manager. However, the team had announced on March 22, 2022, that Holliday had died.

On April 1, 2022, The Bakersfield Magic announced that L. Dee Slade would take over as the new General Manager of the team.
Response: The Bakersfield Majestics played its games at Rabobank Arena until 2009 and then the Jam Events Center in Bakersfield, California.
Category: classification
Instruction: Tell me whether each of these dishes are served cold or hot: pizza, pasta, tiramisu, ice cream, ribs, steak, ceviche
Response: Pizza: Hot
Pasta: Hot
Tiramisu: Cold
Ice Cream: Cold
Ribs: Hot
Steak: Hot
Ceviche: Cold
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: From the passage list down the materials used to prepare boomerang. List the results in comma separated format.
Context: A boomerang is a throwing stick with aerodynamic properties, traditionally made of wood, but also of bone, horn, tusks and even iron. Modern boomerangs used for sport may be made from plywood or plastics such as ABS, polypropylene, phenolic paper, or carbon fibre-reinforced plastics.

Boomerangs come in many shapes and sizes depending on their geographic or tribal origins and intended function. Many people think only of the traditional Australian type, although today there are many types of more easily usable boomerangs, such as the cross-stick, the pinwheel, the tumble-stick, the Boomabird, and many other less common types.

An important distinction should be made between returning boomerangs and non-returning boomerangs:

Returning boomerangs fly, and are examples of the earliest heavier-than-air human-made flight. A returning boomerang has two or more aerofoil section wings arranged so that when spinning they create unbalanced aerodynamic forces that curve its path into an ellipse, returning to its point of origin when thrown correctly. Their typical L-shape makes them the most recognisable form of boomerang. Although used primarily for leisure or recreation, returning boomerangs are also used to decoy birds of prey, thrown above the long grass to frighten game birds into flight and into waiting nets. Non-traditional, modern, competition boomerangs come in many shapes, sizes and materials.
Non-returning boomerangs, throwing sticks, valari, or kylies, are primarily used as weapons. They lack the aerofoil sections, are generally heavier and designed to travel as straight and forcefully as possible to the target to bring down game. The Tamil valari variant, of ancient origin and mentioned in the Tamil Sangam literature "Purananuru", was one of these. The usual form of the Valari is two limbs set at an angle; one thin and tapering, the other rounded as a handle. Although valaris come in many shapes and sizes they are usually made of cast iron cast from moulds. However, some may have wooden limbs tipped with iron or with lethally sharpened edges or with special double-edged and razor-sharp daggers known as kattari.
Response: wood, bone, horn, tusks, iron, plywood, plastics such as ABS, polypropylene, phenolic paper, carbon fibre-reinforced plastics
Category: open_qa
Instruction: Kamba Ramayanam was written by
Response: Kamba Ramayanam was written by Kamba Ramanarayanan, a Tamil poet of the late 19th century. The book is an adaptation of the epic Ramayana from the Sanskrit text and focuses on the life of Lord Rama. It includes stories from his childhood and early life, as well as his journey to the Kingdom of Ayodhya and his return after the war with Ravana. The book is set in the backdrop of the South Indian landscape and includes stories of love, devotion and heroism. It is a highly popular book in Tamil Nadu and is often used as a school text.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Is Scala a good programming language?
Response: There are some pluses to Scala: it is statically typed, it has a lot of syntactic sugar that allows you to write very compact code, it is inter-operable with Java so you can use any Java library that exists. However there are plenty of downsides:
  - there's too many ways to do the same thing (for example "a.b" is the same as "a b")
  - there's often entire sub-languages that spin out (e.g., when doing shell manipulation), and it's hard to understand these obscure sub-languages
  - there is a breaking upgrade from Scala 2 to Scala 3, which means that Scala 2 people are stuck with it, without improvements.
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Why is pickleball growing more popular than tennis?
Response: Pickleball is easy to learn. Compared to tennis, it requires less strength and skills to play. It also takes up less space to set up a pickleball court. It does not create forearm tightness like tennis. It is a good sport for all ages.
Category: summarization
Instruction: Who owns Ritz Crackers?
Context: Ritz Crackers is a brand of snack cracker introduced by Nabisco in 1934. The original style crackers are disc-shaped, lightly salted, and approximately 46 millimetres (1.8 in) in diameter.[citation needed]. Each cracker has seven perforations and a finely scalloped edge. Today, the Ritz cracker brand is owned by Mondelēz International.

A single serving of the original cracker (about 5 crackers or 15 grams) provides 330 kilojoules (79 kilocalories) of food energy, 1 gram of protein, and 4 grams of fat; the whole wheat variety provides 290 kJ (70 kcal) and 2.5 grams of fat.
Response: Ritz was originally owned by the consumer product brand Nabisco, although after changing ownership, it is owned by Mondelēz International.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Give me a list of the top ten tv shows, according to IMDb ratings.
Response: 1. Planet Earth II (2016), 9.4 points
2. Breaking Bad (2008), 9.4 points
3. Planet Earth (2006), 9.4 points
4. Band of Brothers (2001), 9.4 points
5. Chernobyl (2019), 9.3 points
6. The Wire (2002), 9.3 points
7. Avatar: The Last Airbender (2005), 9.2 points
8. Blue Planet II (2017), 9.2 points
9. The Sopranos (1999), 9.2 points
10. Cosmos (2014), 9.2 points
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Give me a bulleted list of the 5 most recent Pakistani Prime Ministers
Response: - Mian Muhammad Shehbaz Sharif
- Mr. Imran Khan
- Justice (Retd) Nasir-ul-Mulk (Caretaker)
- Mr. Shahid Khaqan Abbasi
- Mr. Muhammad Nawaz Sharif
Category: general_qa
Instruction: Tell me about the MGB.
Response: The MGB is a two-door British sports car that was produced by the manufacturer MG from 1962 until 1980. The MGB was available in two bodystyles: a two seat convertible roadster known as the "tourer," and from 1967 a fastback 2+2 bodystyle known as the "GT." Most MGBs sold were of the convertible "tourer" variety. The MGB is one of the highest-volume British cars ever produced and was very popular both in the UK home market and overseas, particularly in America. The car was equipped with a 1798 cc four-cylinder gasoline engine and a four-speed manual transmission. All models were equipped with front disk brakes and rear drum brakes. The styling was modified throughout the long production run, with the most substantial change being the move from chrome bumpers to rubber bumpers midway through the 1974 model year to comply with changes in US federal automobile crash testing requirements.
Category: open_qa
Instruction: How did Abraham Lincoln die?
Response: Abraham Lincoln was assassinated during a play in Ford's Theater while serving as President
Category: open_qa
Instruction: What is Inflation?
Response: Inflation is the rate of increase in the prices of goods and services over a specified period of time. A high inflation value would represent greater increase in the prices of goods and commodities leading to lower value of the currency over-time.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Could you tell me how Cao Cao's fleet got destroyed during the battle of Red Cliffs based on this paragraph?
Context: In 208, Cao Cao marched south with his army hoping to quickly unify the empire. Liu Biao's son Liu Cong surrendered Jing Province and Cao was able to capture a sizable fleet at Jiangling. Sun Quan, the successor to Sun Ce in the lower Yangtze, continued to resist. His advisor Lu Su secured an alliance with Liu Bei, himself a recent refugee from the north, and Zhou Yu was placed in command of Sun Quan's navy, along with a veteran general who served the Sun family, Cheng Pu. Their combined armies of 50,000 met Cao Cao's fleet and 200,000-strong force at Red Cliffs that winter. Cao Cao had to cross the mighty Yangtze River. So when he along with his fleet sailed down the river, many of his men fell to exhaustion, disease and the northerners were not very comfortable on ships and the marshy terrain. So when the two sides met for war at Wulin, Cao Cao wasn’t able to inflict any defeat on the Allied Force. On the other hand, General Huang Gai of Sun Quan’s army came up with a sneaky plan. He sent a forged letter to Cao Cao, stating that he and others wanted to inflict to his side and they would also bring some of the finest ships of the allies. But little did Cao know that the ships were full of flammable reeds. So when they sailed and approached his fleet, they were set alight and they destroyed Cao Cao’s fleet and camps. Seeing the hopeless situation, Cao Cao ordered his army for a difficult retreat through the Marshlands, during which more of his men fell to disease and exhaustion. The allied victory at Red Cliffs ensured the survival of Liu Bei and Sun Quan, and provided the basis for the states of Shu and Wu.
Response: Cao Cao's fleet got set on fire by the General Huang Gai. Huang Gai initially informed Cao Cao that he'd betray the Allied Force formed by Liu Bei and Sun Quan. But Huang Gai was actually trying to take this chance to send ships loaded with flammable reeds to Cao Cao's fleet. Cao Cao took the bait and accepted the offer from Huang Gai. Then, when Huang Gai's ships arrived, the Allied Force set Cao Cao's fleet and camps on fire and essentially destroyed Cao Cao's army.
Category: brainstorming
Instruction: Who is the most beautiful lady in the world now
Response: chiara ferragni . for her intelligence and elegant look
Category: creative_writing
Instruction: Do you get scared?
Response: Ofcourse! Everyone feels scared of something or the other. It is only the intensity that makes it different. I mean, I may be scared of heights, but I can chose to not let it get to me even when I am at a height, by say singing a rhyme and distracting my mind. Fear is in your head. So be fearless.
Category: information_extraction
Instruction: Name the Pandavas.
Context: The Pandavas (Sanskrit: पाण्डव, IAST: Pāṇḍava) refers to the five legendary brothers— Yudhishthira, Bhima, Arjuna, Nakula and Sahadeva—who are the central characters of the Hindu epic Mahabharata. They are acknowledged as the sons of Pandu, the King of Kuru, but were fathered by different Devas (gods) due to Pandu's inability to naturally conceive children. In the epic, the Pandavas married Draupadi, the princess of Panchala, and founded the city of Indraprastha after the Kuru Kingdom was split to avoid succession disputes. After their paternal cousins the Kauravas—led by Duryodhana—tricked them into surrendering their kingdom and refused to return it, the Pandavas waged a civil war against their extended family, and this conflict was known as the Kurukshetra War. With the help of the god Krishna, the Pandavas eventually won the war with the death of the Kauravas, albeit at great cost.
Response: The Pandavas (sons of Pandu) are Yudhishthira, Bhima, Arjuna, Nakula and Sahadeva.
Category: closed_qa
Instruction: Given a reference text about Apple, what tactics did Steve Jobs use to help the company recover?
Context: Apple was founded as Apple Computer Company on April 1, 1976, by Steve Wozniak, Steve Jobs and Ronald Wayne to develop and sell Wozniak's Apple I personal computer. It was incorporated by Jobs and Wozniak as Apple Computer, Inc. in 1977. The company's second computer, the Apple II, became a best seller and one of the first mass-produced microcomputers. Apple went public in 1980 to instant financial success. The company developed computers featuring innovative graphical user interfaces, including the 1984 original Macintosh, announced that year in a critically acclaimed advertisement. By 1985, the high cost of its products, and power struggles between executives, caused problems. Wozniak stepped back from Apple amicably and pursued other ventures, while Jobs resigned bitterly and founded NeXT, taking some Apple employees with him.

As the market for personal computers expanded and evolved throughout the 1990s, Apple lost considerable market share to the lower-priced duopoly of the Microsoft Windows operating system on Intel-powered PC clones (also known as "Wintel"). In 1997, weeks away from bankruptcy, the company bought NeXT to resolve Apple's unsuccessful operating system strategy and entice Jobs back to the company. Over the next decade, Jobs guided Apple back to profitability through a number of tactics including introducing the iMac, iPod, iPhone and iPad to critical acclaim, launching the "Think different" campaign and other memorable advertising campaigns, opening the Apple Store retail chain, and acquiring numerous companies to broaden the company's product portfolio. When Jobs resigned in 2011 for health reasons, and died two months later, he was succeeded as CEO by Tim Cook.
Response: Steve Jobs launched multiple products such as the iPod and iPhone, opened the Apple Store retail chain, and performed numerous acquisitions to bring Apple back to profitability.
Category: classification
Instruction: Which items should we not eat for a weight loss diet? Banana, Ice-cream, milk tea, chocolate, dates, bakery biscuits, cold drinks.
Response: You should not eat excess of anything, but out of the following list, ice-cream, milk tea, chocolate, bakery biscuits, cold drinks would be better avoided as they are refined products and contain sugar. Try to have natural sugar with fibre so, banana and dates are good to have on a diet.