Il manifesto
 il manifesto is an Italian newspaper. While it calls itself communist it is not connected to any political party. It is owned as a cooperative of journalists. It was founded as a monthly review in 1969 by a collective of left-wing journalists engaged in the wave of critical thought and activity on the Italian left in that period. Prominent figures among its founders included Luigi Pintor and Rossana Rossanda. In 1971 it became a daily (28/04/1971).