James S. Calhoun
 James S. Calhoun (1802–1852) was best known as the Governor of New Mexico Territory from 1851 to 1852. He had many careers though including time as a Georgian politician military colonel and bureaucrat in the United States government. While in his thirties and forties Calhoun served in a variety of political roles in his home state of Georgia. First he was elected as a member of Georgia state legislature in 1830. Later Calhoun became mayor of Columbus Georgia from 1838 to 1839.