Raphaels Bank
 R Raphael & Sons (doing business as Raphaels Bank) was founded by Dutchman Raphael Raphael in 1787. Raphael built up a considerable wealth during the Napoleonic wars and later diversified the business to include stockbroking foreign banking and bullion broking.Successive generations of the Raphael family moved into public share issues raising loans for European governments and transactions in American railway stocks in Europe.