falan42/medcuad_data huggingface dataset:
Topic: Diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis
Question: What are the symptoms of Diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis ?
Answer: What are the signs and symptoms of Diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can use the MedlinePlus Medical Dictionary to look up the definitions for these medical terms. Signs and Symptoms Approximate number of patients (when available) Abnormal blistering of the skin 90% Mastocytosis 90% Abnormality of skin pigmentation 50% Hypotension 50% Impaired temperature sensation 50% Pruritus 50% Subcutaneous hemorrhage 50% Thickened skin 50% Urticaria 50% Gastrointestinal hemorrhage 7.5% Hepatomegaly 7.5% Immunologic hypersensitivity 7.5% Leukemia 7.5% Malabsorption 7.5% The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) has collected information on how often a sign or symptom occurs in a condition. Much of this information comes from Orphanet, a European rare disease database. The frequency of a sign or symptom is usually listed as a rough estimate of the percentage of patients who have that feature. The frequency may also be listed as a fraction. The first number of the fraction is how many people had the symptom, and the second number is the total number of people who were examined in one study. For example, a frequency of 25/25 means that in a study of 25 people all patients were found to have that symptom. Because these frequencies are based on a specific study, the fractions may be different if another group of patients are examined. Sometimes, no information on frequency is available. In these cases, the sign or symptom may be rare or common.
(Source: GARD)
Topic: Mesomelic dysplasia Savarirayan type
Question: What are the symptoms of Mesomelic dysplasia Savarirayan type ?
Answer: What are the signs and symptoms of Mesomelic dysplasia Savarirayan type? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Mesomelic dysplasia Savarirayan type. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can use the MedlinePlus Medical Dictionary to look up the definitions for these medical terms. Signs and Symptoms Approximate number of patients (when available) Abnormality of the hip bone 90% Abnormality of the tibia 90% Abnormality of the ulna 90% Bowing of the long bones 90% Micromelia 90% Short stature 90% Skeletal dysplasia 90% Sprengel anomaly 90% Cognitive impairment 50% Elbow dislocation 50% Abnormality of the foot - Abnormality of the thorax - Autosomal dominant inheritance - Delayed closure of the anterior fontanelle - Dislocated radial head - Fibular aplasia - Hip dislocation - Mesomelia - Short tibia - Talipes equinovalgus - The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) has collected information on how often a sign or symptom occurs in a condition. Much of this information comes from Orphanet, a European rare disease database. The frequency of a sign or symptom is usually listed as a rough estimate of the percentage of patients who have that feature. The frequency may also be listed as a fraction. The first number of the fraction is how many people had the symptom, and the second number is the total number of people who were examined in one study. For example, a frequency of 25/25 means that in a study of 25 people all patients were found to have that symptom. Because these frequencies are based on a specific study, the fractions may be different if another group of patients are examined. Sometimes, no information on frequency is available. In these cases, the sign or symptom may be rare or common.
(Source: GARD)
Topic: Autosomal dominant optic atrophy and cataract
Question: What are the symptoms of Autosomal dominant optic atrophy and cataract ?
Answer: What are the signs and symptoms of Autosomal dominant optic atrophy and cataract? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Autosomal dominant optic atrophy and cataract. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can use the MedlinePlus Medical Dictionary to look up the definitions for these medical terms. Signs and Symptoms Approximate number of patients (when available) Abnormality of extrapyramidal motor function - Autosomal dominant inheritance - Cataract - Optic atrophy - Reduced visual acuity - Tremor - Visual impairment - The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) has collected information on how often a sign or symptom occurs in a condition. Much of this information comes from Orphanet, a European rare disease database. The frequency of a sign or symptom is usually listed as a rough estimate of the percentage of patients who have that feature. The frequency may also be listed as a fraction. The first number of the fraction is how many people had the symptom, and the second number is the total number of people who were examined in one study. For example, a frequency of 25/25 means that in a study of 25 people all patients were found to have that symptom. Because these frequencies are based on a specific study, the fractions may be different if another group of patients are examined. Sometimes, no information on frequency is available. In these cases, the sign or symptom may be rare or common.
(Source: GARD)
Topic: Marden Walker like syndrome
Question: What are the symptoms of Marden Walker like syndrome ?
Answer: What are the signs and symptoms of Marden Walker like syndrome? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Marden Walker like syndrome. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can use the MedlinePlus Medical Dictionary to look up the definitions for these medical terms. Signs and Symptoms Approximate number of patients (when available) Abnormality of the eyebrow 90% Abnormality of the ribs 90% Arachnodactyly 90% Blepharophimosis 90% Camptodactyly of finger 90% Clinodactyly of the 5th finger 90% Convex nasal ridge 90% Depressed nasal bridge 90% Disproportionate tall stature 90% Hallux valgus 90% Hypoplasia of the zygomatic bone 90% Long toe 90% Macrotia 90% Narrow nasal bridge 90% Abnormality of dental morphology 50% Bowing of the long bones 50% Delayed skeletal maturation 50% Elbow dislocation 50% Hypertelorism 50% Limitation of joint mobility 50% Slender long bone 50% Triphalangeal thumb 50% Underdeveloped nasal alae 50% Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the cerebellum 7.5% Cleft palate 7.5% Laryngomalacia 7.5% Talipes 7.5% Sclerocornea 5% Autosomal recessive inheritance - Camptodactyly of toe - Craniosynostosis - Dental crowding - Dislocated radial head - Distal ulnar hypoplasia - Elbow flexion contracture - Femoral bowing - Glenoid fossa hypoplasia - High palate - Hypoplasia of the maxilla - Joint contracture of the hand - Knee flexion contracture - Lateral clavicle hook - Long hallux - Long metacarpals - Malar flattening - Narrow foot - Narrow nose - Pectus excavatum - Protruding ear - Single umbilical artery - Slender metacarpals - Stridor - Talipes equinovarus - Thin ribs - Ulnar bowing - The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) has collected information on how often a sign or symptom occurs in a condition. Much of this information comes from Orphanet, a European rare disease database. The frequency of a sign or symptom is usually listed as a rough estimate of the percentage of patients who have that feature. The frequency may also be listed as a fraction. The first number of the fraction is how many people had the symptom, and the second number is the total number of people who were examined in one study. For example, a frequency of 25/25 means that in a study of 25 people all patients were found to have that symptom. Because these frequencies are based on a specific study, the fractions may be different if another group of patients are examined. Sometimes, no information on frequency is available. In these cases, the sign or symptom may be rare or common.
(Source: GARD)
Topic: Familial tumoral calcinosis
Question: What are the symptoms of Familial tumoral calcinosis ?
Answer: What are the signs and symptoms of Familial tumoral calcinosis? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Familial tumoral calcinosis. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can use the MedlinePlus Medical Dictionary to look up the definitions for these medical terms. Signs and Symptoms Approximate number of patients (when available) Bone pain 90% Chondrocalcinosis 90% Hyperphosphatemia 90% Hyperostosis 50% Osteomyelitis 50% Skin rash 50% Abnormality of the palate 7.5% Abnormality of the teeth 7.5% Abnormality of the voice 7.5% Arteriovenous malformation 7.5% Gingivitis 7.5% Hepatomegaly 7.5% Hyperhidrosis 7.5% Hypopigmented skin patches 7.5% Inflammatory abnormality of the eye 7.5% Neoplasm of the skin 7.5% Nephrocalcinosis 7.5% Splenomegaly 7.5% The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) has collected information on how often a sign or symptom occurs in a condition. Much of this information comes from Orphanet, a European rare disease database. The frequency of a sign or symptom is usually listed as a rough estimate of the percentage of patients who have that feature. The frequency may also be listed as a fraction. The first number of the fraction is how many people had the symptom, and the second number is the total number of people who were examined in one study. For example, a frequency of 25/25 means that in a study of 25 people all patients were found to have that symptom. Because these frequencies are based on a specific study, the fractions may be different if another group of patients are examined. Sometimes, no information on frequency is available. In these cases, the sign or symptom may be rare or common.
(Source: GARD)
Topic: Ichthyosis prematurity syndrome
Question: What are the symptoms of Ichthyosis prematurity syndrome ?
Answer: What are the signs and symptoms of Ichthyosis prematurity syndrome? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Ichthyosis prematurity syndrome. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can use the MedlinePlus Medical Dictionary to look up the definitions for these medical terms. Signs and Symptoms Approximate number of patients (when available) Ichthyosis 90% Premature birth 90% The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) has collected information on how often a sign or symptom occurs in a condition. Much of this information comes from Orphanet, a European rare disease database. The frequency of a sign or symptom is usually listed as a rough estimate of the percentage of patients who have that feature. The frequency may also be listed as a fraction. The first number of the fraction is how many people had the symptom, and the second number is the total number of people who were examined in one study. For example, a frequency of 25/25 means that in a study of 25 people all patients were found to have that symptom. Because these frequencies are based on a specific study, the fractions may be different if another group of patients are examined. Sometimes, no information on frequency is available. In these cases, the sign or symptom may be rare or common.
(Source: GARD)
Topic: Wilson disease
Question: What is (are) Wilson disease ?
Answer: Wilson disease is a rare inherited disorder that is characterized by the accumulation of copper in the body. Because high levels of copper are toxic to tissues and organs, this buildup can lead to damage of the liver, brain and eyes. Signs and symptoms of Wilson disease include chronic liver disease, central nervous system abnormalities, and psychiatric (mental health-related) disturbances. It is caused by a mutation of the ATP7B gene and is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. Although there is no cure for Wilson disease, therapies exist that aim to reduce or control the amount of copper that accumulates in the body.
(Source: GARD)
Topic: Wilson disease
Question: What causes Wilson disease ?
Answer: What causes Wilson disease? Wilson disease is caused by changes (mutations) in the ATP7B gene. This gene encodes a protein that plays an important role in the transport of copper from the liver to the rest of the body. It also helps remove excess copper from the body. Mutations in the ATP7B gene prevent this protein from working properly, which can lead to an accumulation of copper in the body. Because high levels of copper are toxic, this buildup can damage tissues and organs and cause the many signs and symptoms of Wilson disease.
(Source: GARD)
Topic: Wilson disease
Question: Is Wilson disease inherited ?
Answer: Is Wilson disease inherited? Wilson disease is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. This means that to be affected, a person must have a mutation in both copies of the responsible gene in each cell. The parents of an affected person usually each carry one mutated copy of the gene and are referred to as carriers. Carriers typically do not show signs or symptoms of the condition. When two carriers of an autosomal recessive condition have children, each child has a 25% (1 in 4) risk to have the condition, a 50% (1 in 2) risk to be a carrier like each of the parents, and a 25% chance to not have the condition and not be a carrier.
(Source: GARD)
Topic: Wilson disease
Question: What are the treatments for Wilson disease ?
Answer: How might Wilson disease be treated? There is currently no cure for Wilson disease; however, therapies exist that aim to reduce or control the amount of copper that accumulates in the body. Affected people require lifelong treatment, which may include certain medications and/or dietary modifications. If treatment is not effective or if liver failure develops, a liver transplant may be necessary. For more specific information on the treatment and management of Wilson disease, please visit the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease's (NIDDK) website and/or GeneReviews. Click the link to view these resources.
(Source: GARD)
Topic: Crystal arthropathies
Question: What is (are) Crystal arthropathies ?
Answer: Crystal arthropathies are a diverse group of bone diseases associated with the deposition of minerals within joints and the soft tissues around the joints. The group includes gout, basic calcium phosphate and calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition diseases, and, in very rare cases, calcium oxalate crystal arthropathy which is a rare cause of arthritis characterized by deposition of calcium oxalate crystals within synovial fluid and typically occurs in patients with underlying primary or secondary hyperoxaluria. These crystals are responsible for different rheumatic syndromes, including acute or chronic synovial inflammation and cartilage degeneration. Treatment depends on the specific condition.
(Source: GARD)
Topic: Lung adenocarcinoma
Question: What is (are) Lung adenocarcinoma ?
Answer: Lung adenocarcinoma is a cancer that occurs due to abnormal and uncontrolled cell growth in the lungs. It is a subtype of non-small cell lung cancer that is often diagnosed in an outer area of the lung. Early lung cancers may not be associated with any signs and symptoms. As the condition progresses, affected people can experience chest pain, a persistent cough, fatigue, coughing up blood, loss of appetite, unexplained weight loss, shortness of breath, and/or wheezing. The underlying cause of lung adenocarcinoma is generally unknown; however, risk factors for developing a lung cancer include smoking; exposure to secondhand smoke and other toxic chemicals; a family history of lung cancer; previous radiation treatment to the chest or breast; and HIV infection. Treatment varies based on the severity of the condition, the associated signs and symptoms and the affected person's overall health. It may include a combination of surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and/or watchful waiting.
(Source: GARD)
Topic: Lung adenocarcinoma
Question: What are the symptoms of Lung adenocarcinoma ?
Answer: What are the signs and symptoms of Lung adenocarcinoma? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Lung adenocarcinoma. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can use the MedlinePlus Medical Dictionary to look up the definitions for these medical terms. Signs and Symptoms Approximate number of patients (when available) Alveolar cell carcinoma - Autosomal recessive inheritance - The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) has collected information on how often a sign or symptom occurs in a condition. Much of this information comes from Orphanet, a European rare disease database. The frequency of a sign or symptom is usually listed as a rough estimate of the percentage of patients who have that feature. The frequency may also be listed as a fraction. The first number of the fraction is how many people had the symptom, and the second number is the total number of people who were examined in one study. For example, a frequency of 25/25 means that in a study of 25 people all patients were found to have that symptom. Because these frequencies are based on a specific study, the fractions may be different if another group of patients are examined. Sometimes, no information on frequency is available. In these cases, the sign or symptom may be rare or common.
(Source: GARD)
Topic: Galactosialidosis
Question: What is (are) Galactosialidosis ?
Answer: Galactosialidosis is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the CTSA gene. It is characterized by coarse facial features, macular cherry-red spots, angiokeratoma (dark red spots on the skin), vertebral deformities, epilepsy, action myoclonus, and ataxia. There are three different types of galactosialidosis: early infantile, late infantile and juvenile/adult. The three forms of galactosialidosis are distinguished by the age at which symptoms develop and the pattern of features.
(Source: GARD)
Topic: Galactosialidosis
Question: What causes Galactosialidosis ?
Answer: What causes galactosialidosis? Galactosialidosis is caused by mutations in the CTSA gene. The CTSA gene provides instructions for making a protein called cathepsin A, which is active in cellular compartments called lysosomes. These compartments contain enzymes that digest and recycle materials when they are no longer needed. Cathepsin A works together with two enzymes, neuraminidase 1 and beta-galactosidase, to form a protein complex. This complex breaks down sugar molecules (oligosaccharides) attached to certain proteins (glycoproteins) or fats (glycolipids). Cathepsin A is also found on the cell surface, where it forms a complex with neuraminidase 1 and a protein called elastin binding protein. Elastin binding protein plays a role in the formation of elastic fibers, a component of the connective tissues that form the body's supportive framework. CTSA mutations interfere with the normal function of cathepsin A. Most mutations disrupt the protein structure of cathepsin A, impairing its ability to form complexes with neuraminidase 1, beta-galactosidase, and elastin binding protein. As a result, these other enzymes are not functional, or they break down prematurely. Galactosialidosis belongs to a large family of lysosomal storage disorders, each caused by the deficiency of a specific lysosomal enzyme or protein. In galactosialidosis, impaired functioning of cathepsin A and other enzymes causes certain substances to accumulate in the lysosomes.
(Source: GARD)
Topic: Galactosialidosis
Question: Is Galactosialidosis inherited ?
Answer: How is galactosialidosis inherited? Galactosialidosis is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive condition each carry one copy of the mutated gene, but they typically do not show signs and symptoms of the condition.
(Source: GARD)
Topic: Galactosialidosis
Question: What are the treatments for Galactosialidosis ?
Answer: How might galactosialidosis be treated? There is no cure for galactosialidosis. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive; for example, taking medication to control seizures. Individuals with galactosialidosis are encouraged to routinely see their genetic counselors, neurological, ophthalmological, and other specialists as symptoms arise and to keep symptoms controlled. Bone marrow transplant is under investigation as an experimental therapy. No conclusive results are currently available regarding the long term benefits of this treatment.
(Source: GARD)
Topic: Febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome
Question: What is (are) Febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome ?
Answer: Febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES) is a severe brain disorder that develops in children after a fever. This condition results in sudden seizures and leads to declines in memory and intellectual ability. FIRES can also cause psychiatric disorders or problems with motor skills. The cause of FIRES is unknown, but may be related to infection, genetic susceptibility, an autoimmune disorder, or a problem with metabolism. Treatment involves antiepileptic medications to manage seizures, but they do not usually work well.
(Source: GARD)
Topic: Febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome
Question: What are the symptoms of Febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome ?
Answer: What are the signs and symptoms of Febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can use the MedlinePlus Medical Dictionary to look up the definitions for these medical terms. Signs and Symptoms Approximate number of patients (when available) Developmental regression 90% EEG abnormality 90% Reduced consciousness/confusion 90% Seizures 90% Abnormality of temperature regulation 50% Behavioral abnormality 50% Migraine 50% Myalgia 50% Sinusitis 50% Autoimmunity 7.5% Sudden cardiac death 7.5% The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) has collected information on how often a sign or symptom occurs in a condition. Much of this information comes from Orphanet, a European rare disease database. The frequency of a sign or symptom is usually listed as a rough estimate of the percentage of patients who have that feature. The frequency may also be listed as a fraction. The first number of the fraction is how many people had the symptom, and the second number is the total number of people who were examined in one study. For example, a frequency of 25/25 means that in a study of 25 people all patients were found to have that symptom. Because these frequencies are based on a specific study, the fractions may be different if another group of patients are examined. Sometimes, no information on frequency is available. In these cases, the sign or symptom may be rare or common.
(Source: GARD)