falan42/medcuad_data huggingface dataset:
Topic: Cone dystrophy
Question: What are the symptoms of Cone dystrophy ?
Answer: What are the signs and symptoms of Cone dystrophy? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Cone dystrophy. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can use the MedlinePlus Medical Dictionary to look up the definitions for these medical terms. Signs and Symptoms Approximate number of patients (when available) Abnormal electroretinogram 90% Abnormality of color vision 90% Abnormality of retinal pigmentation 90% Photophobia 90% Visual impairment 90% The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) has collected information on how often a sign or symptom occurs in a condition. Much of this information comes from Orphanet, a European rare disease database. The frequency of a sign or symptom is usually listed as a rough estimate of the percentage of patients who have that feature. The frequency may also be listed as a fraction. The first number of the fraction is how many people had the symptom, and the second number is the total number of people who were examined in one study. For example, a frequency of 25/25 means that in a study of 25 people all patients were found to have that symptom. Because these frequencies are based on a specific study, the fractions may be different if another group of patients are examined. Sometimes, no information on frequency is available. In these cases, the sign or symptom may be rare or common.
(Source: GARD)
Topic: Cone dystrophy
Question: How to diagnose Cone dystrophy ?
Answer: How is cone dystrophy diagnosed? The diagnosis of cone dystrophy is made based upon the presence of characteristic symptoms, a detailed family history, a thorough clinical evaluation and a number of supporting tests. While exams that measure visual acuity, perception of color, and field of vision are used to arrive at a proper diagnosis, an electroretinogram (ERG) is used to confirm the diagnosis. During an ERG, eye drops are used to numb the eye before a special contact lens recorder is placed on the eye. Then a series of flashes of light are used to stimulate the retina. Doctors can then measure the electrical response of the rods and cones to the light. The test is performed twice  once in  bright room and again in a dark room. A weak of absent signal of cone cells indicates cone dystrophy. More details about the diagnosis of cone dystrophy can be accessed through the University of Michigan Kellogg Eye Center.
(Source: GARD)
Topic: Marinesco-Sjogren syndrome
Question: What are the symptoms of Marinesco-Sjogren syndrome ?
Answer: What are the signs and symptoms of Marinesco-Sjogren syndrome? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Marinesco-Sjogren syndrome. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can use the MedlinePlus Medical Dictionary to look up the definitions for these medical terms. Signs and Symptoms Approximate number of patients (when available) Abnormality of the genital system 90% Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the cerebellum 90% Cataract 90% Cognitive impairment 90% Incoordination 90% Muscular hypotonia 90% Myopathy 90% Neurological speech impairment 90% Short stature 90% Strabismus 90% Abnormality of movement 50% Abnormality of the hip bone 50% Abnormality of the metacarpal bones 50% Brachydactyly syndrome 50% Hypertonia 50% Muscle weakness 50% Nystagmus 50% Pectus carinatum 50% Scoliosis 50% Skeletal muscle atrophy 50% Talipes 50% Microcephaly 7.5% Optic atrophy 7.5% Peripheral neuropathy 7.5% Autosomal recessive inheritance - Centrally nucleated skeletal muscle fibers - Cerebellar cortical atrophy - Congenital cataract - Coxa valga - Cubitus valgus - Dysarthria - Elevated serum creatine phosphokinase - Failure to thrive - Flexion contracture - Gait ataxia - Hypergonadotropic hypogonadism - Infantile onset - Intellectual disability - Kyphosis - Limb ataxia - Pes planus - Progressive muscle weakness - Short metacarpal - Short metatarsal - Spasticity - The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) has collected information on how often a sign or symptom occurs in a condition. Much of this information comes from Orphanet, a European rare disease database. The frequency of a sign or symptom is usually listed as a rough estimate of the percentage of patients who have that feature. The frequency may also be listed as a fraction. The first number of the fraction is how many people had the symptom, and the second number is the total number of people who were examined in one study. For example, a frequency of 25/25 means that in a study of 25 people all patients were found to have that symptom. Because these frequencies are based on a specific study, the fractions may be different if another group of patients are examined. Sometimes, no information on frequency is available. In these cases, the sign or symptom may be rare or common.
(Source: GARD)
Topic: Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome
Question: What is (are) Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome ?
Answer: Atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome (aHUS) is a disease that causes abnormal blood clots to form in small blood vessels in the kidneys. These clots can cause serious medical problems if they restrict or block blood flow, including hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and kidney failure. It can occur at any age and is often caused by a combination of environmental and genetic factors. Genetic factors involve genes that code for proteins that help control the complement system (part of your bodys immune system). Environmental factors include certain medications (such as anticancer drugs), chronic diseases (e.g., systemic sclerosis and malignant hypertension), viral or bacterial infections, cancers, organ transplantation, and pregnancy.  Most cases are sporadic. Less than 20 percent of all cases have been reported to run in families. When the disorder is familial, it can have an autosomal dominant or an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance. Atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome differs from a more common condition called typical hemolytic-uremic syndrome. The two disorders have different causes and different signs and symptoms.
(Source: GARD)
Topic: Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome
Question: What are the symptoms of Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome ?
Answer: What are the signs and symptoms of Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can use the MedlinePlus Medical Dictionary to look up the definitions for these medical terms. Signs and Symptoms Approximate number of patients (when available) Acute kidney injury - Anuria - Autosomal dominant inheritance - Autosomal recessive inheritance - Cognitive impairment - Coma - Decreased serum complement C3 - Decreased serum complement factor B - Decreased serum complement factor H - Decreased serum complement factor I - Diarrhea - Dysphasia - Elevated serum creatinine - Fever - Hemiparesis - Hemolytic-uremic syndrome - Hyperlipidemia - Hypertension - Increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) - Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia - Purpura - Reticulocytosis - Schistocytosis - Seizures - Thrombocytopenia - The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) has collected information on how often a sign or symptom occurs in a condition. Much of this information comes from Orphanet, a European rare disease database. The frequency of a sign or symptom is usually listed as a rough estimate of the percentage of patients who have that feature. The frequency may also be listed as a fraction. The first number of the fraction is how many people had the symptom, and the second number is the total number of people who were examined in one study. For example, a frequency of 25/25 means that in a study of 25 people all patients were found to have that symptom. Because these frequencies are based on a specific study, the fractions may be different if another group of patients are examined. Sometimes, no information on frequency is available. In these cases, the sign or symptom may be rare or common.
(Source: GARD)
Topic: Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome
Question: How to diagnose Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome ?
Answer: Is genetic testing available for atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome? GeneTests lists the names of laboratories that are performing genetic testing for atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome. To view the contact information for the clinical laboratories conducting testing click here and follow the "testing" link pertaining to each gene. Please note:  Most of the laboratories listed through GeneTests do not accept direct contact from patients and their families; therefore, if you are interested in learning more, you will need to work with a health care provider or a genetics professional.  In the Genetic Services section of this letter we provide a list of online resources that can assist you in locating a genetics professional near you.
(Source: GARD)
Topic: Femur fibula ulna syndrome
Question: What are the symptoms of Femur fibula ulna syndrome ?
Answer: What are the signs and symptoms of Femur fibula ulna syndrome? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Femur fibula ulna syndrome. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can use the MedlinePlus Medical Dictionary to look up the definitions for these medical terms. Signs and Symptoms Approximate number of patients (when available) Abnormality of the femur 90% Abnormality of the ulna 90% Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the radius 90% Finger syndactyly 90% Micromelia 90% Split hand 90% Abnormality of the elbow 50% Short stature 7.5% The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) has collected information on how often a sign or symptom occurs in a condition. Much of this information comes from Orphanet, a European rare disease database. The frequency of a sign or symptom is usually listed as a rough estimate of the percentage of patients who have that feature. The frequency may also be listed as a fraction. The first number of the fraction is how many people had the symptom, and the second number is the total number of people who were examined in one study. For example, a frequency of 25/25 means that in a study of 25 people all patients were found to have that symptom. Because these frequencies are based on a specific study, the fractions may be different if another group of patients are examined. Sometimes, no information on frequency is available. In these cases, the sign or symptom may be rare or common.
(Source: GARD)
Topic: Alopecia areata
Question: What is (are) Alopecia areata ?
Answer: Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks the hair follicles. In most cases, hair falls out in small, round patches on the scalp. Although uncommon, hair loss can be more extensive in some people and affect other parts of the body. This condition can progress to complete loss of scalp hair (alopecia totalis) or total loss of all body hair (alopecia universalis). Although the exact cause of AA is unknown, roughly 20% of affected people have a family member with alopecia, suggesting that genetic factors may contribute to the development of the condition. There is no cure or approved therapy for AA; however, some people find that medications approved for other purposes can help regrow hair.
(Source: GARD)
Topic: Alopecia areata
Question: What are the symptoms of Alopecia areata ?
Answer: What are the signs and symptoms of Alopecia areata? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Alopecia areata. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can use the MedlinePlus Medical Dictionary to look up the definitions for these medical terms. Signs and Symptoms Approximate number of patients (when available) Alopecia areata - Alopecia totalis - Autoimmunity - Multifactorial inheritance - Nail pits - The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) has collected information on how often a sign or symptom occurs in a condition. Much of this information comes from Orphanet, a European rare disease database. The frequency of a sign or symptom is usually listed as a rough estimate of the percentage of patients who have that feature. The frequency may also be listed as a fraction. The first number of the fraction is how many people had the symptom, and the second number is the total number of people who were examined in one study. For example, a frequency of 25/25 means that in a study of 25 people all patients were found to have that symptom. Because these frequencies are based on a specific study, the fractions may be different if another group of patients are examined. Sometimes, no information on frequency is available. In these cases, the sign or symptom may be rare or common.
(Source: GARD)
Topic: Osteopetrosis autosomal recessive 4
Question: What is (are) Osteopetrosis autosomal recessive 4 ?
Answer: Osteopetrosis is a bone disease that makes bones abnormally dense and prone to breakage (fracture). Researchers have described several major types of osteopetrosis, which are usually distinguished by their pattern of inheritance: autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, or X-linked. The different types of the disorder can also be distinguished by the severity of their signs and symptoms. Mutations in at least nine genes cause the various types of osteopetrosis.
(Source: GARD)
Topic: Osteopetrosis autosomal recessive 4
Question: What are the symptoms of Osteopetrosis autosomal recessive 4 ?
Answer: What are the signs and symptoms of Osteopetrosis autosomal recessive 4? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Osteopetrosis autosomal recessive 4. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can use the MedlinePlus Medical Dictionary to look up the definitions for these medical terms. Signs and Symptoms Approximate number of patients (when available) Abnormality of epiphysis morphology 90% Abnormality of hair texture 90% Abnormality of temperature regulation 90% Abnormality of the metaphyses 90% Abnormality of the ribs 90% Abnormality of visual evoked potentials 90% Anemia 90% Bone pain 90% Bowing of the long bones 90% Bruising susceptibility 90% Cognitive impairment 90% Craniosynostosis 90% Delayed eruption of teeth 90% Hearing impairment 90% Hepatomegaly 90% Hydrocephalus 90% Increased bone mineral density 90% Lymphadenopathy 90% Macrocephaly 90% Narrow chest 90% Nystagmus 90% Optic atrophy 90% Pallor 90% Premature loss of primary teeth 90% Recurrent fractures 90% Recurrent respiratory infections 90% Reduced bone mineral density 90% Sinusitis 90% Splenomegaly 90% Tremor 90% Visual impairment 90% Skeletal muscle atrophy 50% Abnormality of coagulation 7.5% Abnormality of the pulmonary valve 7.5% Apnea 7.5% Cranial nerve paralysis 7.5% Hypocalcemia 7.5% Hypophosphatemia 7.5% Pulmonary hypertension 7.5% Autosomal recessive inheritance - Facial palsy - Hepatosplenomegaly - Osteopetrosis - Reticulocytosis - The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) has collected information on how often a sign or symptom occurs in a condition. Much of this information comes from Orphanet, a European rare disease database. The frequency of a sign or symptom is usually listed as a rough estimate of the percentage of patients who have that feature. The frequency may also be listed as a fraction. The first number of the fraction is how many people had the symptom, and the second number is the total number of people who were examined in one study. For example, a frequency of 25/25 means that in a study of 25 people all patients were found to have that symptom. Because these frequencies are based on a specific study, the fractions may be different if another group of patients are examined. Sometimes, no information on frequency is available. In these cases, the sign or symptom may be rare or common.
(Source: GARD)
Topic: Short rib-polydactyly syndrome type 4
Question: What are the symptoms of Short rib-polydactyly syndrome type 4 ?
Answer: What are the signs and symptoms of Short rib-polydactyly syndrome type 4? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Short rib-polydactyly syndrome type 4. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can use the MedlinePlus Medical Dictionary to look up the definitions for these medical terms. Signs and Symptoms Approximate number of patients (when available) Abnormality of the pinna - Anencephaly - Ascites - Atelectasis - Autosomal recessive inheritance - Bowing of the arm - Bowing of the legs - Broad foot - Broad palm - Cystic renal dysplasia - Edema - Epicanthus - Flat face - Hamartoma of tongue - Hepatomegaly - High forehead - Holoprosencephaly - Horizontal ribs - Hydrocephalus - Hypertelorism - Hypoplastic nipples - Hypoplastic scapulae - Inguinal hernia - Intestinal malrotation - Intrauterine growth retardation - Limb undergrowth - Lobulated tongue - Low-set ears - Macrocephaly - Median cleft lip and palate - Narrow chest - Natal tooth - Neonatal death - Omphalocele - Patent ductus arteriosus - Patent foramen ovale - Periportal fibrosis - Polyhydramnios - Posteriorly rotated ears - Protuberant abdomen - Pulmonary hypoplasia - Renal hypoplasia - Respiratory insufficiency - Short finger - Short foot - Short long bone - Short neck - Short palm - Short ribs - Short thorax - Short toe - Splenomegaly - Thoracic dysplasia - Ventricular septal defect - Wide intermamillary distance - The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) has collected information on how often a sign or symptom occurs in a condition. Much of this information comes from Orphanet, a European rare disease database. The frequency of a sign or symptom is usually listed as a rough estimate of the percentage of patients who have that feature. The frequency may also be listed as a fraction. The first number of the fraction is how many people had the symptom, and the second number is the total number of people who were examined in one study. For example, a frequency of 25/25 means that in a study of 25 people all patients were found to have that symptom. Because these frequencies are based on a specific study, the fractions may be different if another group of patients are examined. Sometimes, no information on frequency is available. In these cases, the sign or symptom may be rare or common.
(Source: GARD)
Topic: Diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma, Bothnian type
Question: What are the symptoms of Diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma, Bothnian type ?
Answer: What are the signs and symptoms of Diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma, Bothnian type? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma, Bothnian type. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can use the MedlinePlus Medical Dictionary to look up the definitions for these medical terms. Signs and Symptoms Approximate number of patients (when available) Palmoplantar keratoderma 90% Abnormal blistering of the skin 50% Pruritus 50% Skin ulcer 50% Autosomal dominant inheritance - Diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma - The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) has collected information on how often a sign or symptom occurs in a condition. Much of this information comes from Orphanet, a European rare disease database. The frequency of a sign or symptom is usually listed as a rough estimate of the percentage of patients who have that feature. The frequency may also be listed as a fraction. The first number of the fraction is how many people had the symptom, and the second number is the total number of people who were examined in one study. For example, a frequency of 25/25 means that in a study of 25 people all patients were found to have that symptom. Because these frequencies are based on a specific study, the fractions may be different if another group of patients are examined. Sometimes, no information on frequency is available. In these cases, the sign or symptom may be rare or common.
(Source: GARD)
Topic: Congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens
Question: What is (are) Congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens ?
Answer: Congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens (CBAVD) occurs in males when the tubes that carry sperm out of the testes (vas deferens) fail to develop properly. Although the testes usually develop and function normally, sperm cannot be transported through the vas deferens to become part of semen. As a result, men with this condition are unable to father children (infertile) unless they use assisted reproductive technologies. This condition has not been reported to affect sex drive or sexual performance. This condition can occur alone or as a sign of cystic fibrosis, an inherited disease of the mucus glands. Many men with CBAVD do not have the other characteristic features of cystic fibrosis; however, some men with this condition may experience mild respiratory or digestive problems.
(Source: GARD)
Topic: Congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens
Question: What are the symptoms of Congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens ?
Answer: What are the signs and symptoms of Congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can use the MedlinePlus Medical Dictionary to look up the definitions for these medical terms. Signs and Symptoms Approximate number of patients (when available) Autosomal recessive inheritance - Azoospermia - Heterogeneous - The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) has collected information on how often a sign or symptom occurs in a condition. Much of this information comes from Orphanet, a European rare disease database. The frequency of a sign or symptom is usually listed as a rough estimate of the percentage of patients who have that feature. The frequency may also be listed as a fraction. The first number of the fraction is how many people had the symptom, and the second number is the total number of people who were examined in one study. For example, a frequency of 25/25 means that in a study of 25 people all patients were found to have that symptom. Because these frequencies are based on a specific study, the fractions may be different if another group of patients are examined. Sometimes, no information on frequency is available. In these cases, the sign or symptom may be rare or common.
(Source: GARD)
Topic: Congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens
Question: What causes Congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens ?
Answer: What causes congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens (CBAVD)? More than half of all men with CBAVD have mutations in the CFTR gene. Mutations in this gene also cause cystic fibrosis. When CBAVD occurs with CFTR mutations, it is considered a form of atypical cystic fibrosis. In instances of CBAVD without a mutation in the CFTR gene, the cause of this condition is often unknown. Some cases are associated with other structural problems of the urinary tract.
(Source: GARD)