falan42/healifyLLM-QA-scraped-dataset huggingface dataset:
Disease: carcinoma
Question: for carcinoma, what are the symptoms of basal cell carcinoma??
Answer: Almost all BCCs develop on parts of the body frequently exposed to the sun. Tumors can develop on the face, ears, shoulders, neck, scalp, and arms. In very rare cases, tumors develop on areas not often exposed to sunlight.
BCCs are typically painless. The only symptom is the growth or change in the appearance of the skin. There are different types of BCC. Each has a different appearance:
Pigmented BCC: This type appears as a brown, blue, or black lesion, which often has a translucent and raised border.
Superficial BCC: This type takes on the appearance of a reddish patch on the skin, which is often flat and scaly. It continues to grow and often has a raised edge. It typically takes on this appearance when on the back or chest.
Nonulcerative BCC: This type appears as a bump on the skin that is white, skin-colored, or pink. It�s often translucent, with blood vessels underneath that are visible. This is the most common type of BCC. It most commonly appears on the neck, ears, and face. It can rupture, bleed, and scab over.
Morpheaform BCC: This is the least common type of BCC. It typically resembles a scarlike lesion with a white and waxy appearance and no defined border. This type of carcinoma can indicate a particularly invasive form of BCC, which is more likely to be disfiguring.
Basosquamous BCC: This type of carcinoma carries traits of both BCC and squamous cell carcinoma, another type of skin cancer. It is extremely rare, but is more likely to metastasize compared with other types of skin cancer.
Disease: carcinoma
Question: for carcinoma, what causes basal cell carcinoma??
Answer: Skin cancers, including BCC, are primarily caused by long-term sun or ultraviolet (UV) light exposure. These cancers can also be caused by intense occasional exposure often resulting in sunburn.
In rarer cases, other factors can cause BCC. These include:
exposure to radiation
exposure to arsenic
complications from scars, infections, vaccinations, tattoos, and burns
chronic inflammatory skin conditions
Once diagnosed with BCC, there is a strong likelihood of recurrence.
Disease: carcinoma
Question: for carcinoma, what are the risk factors of basal cell carcinoma??
Answer: There are a number of risk factors that can increase the likelihood of developing BCC. Some of these risk factors include:
having a family history of BCC
having light skin
having skin that freckles or burns easily
having inherited syndromes that cause skin cancer, like disorders of the skin, nervous system, or endocrine glands
having fair skin, red or blonde hair, or light-colored eyes
being a man
There are other, nongenetic risk factors. These include:
age, with increased age correlating with increased risk
chronic sun exposure
severe sunburn, especially during childhood
living in a higher altitude or sunny location
exposure to radiation therapy
exposure to arsenic
taking immunosuppressing drugs, especially after a transplant surgery
Disease: carcinoma
Question: for carcinoma, how is basal cell carcinoma diagnosed??
Answer: The first step in diagnosing BCC will be a visual inspection from a dermatologist. They�ll check your skin head-to-toe to look for any skin growths or discolorations. They�ll also ask about your medical history, including family history of skin cancers.
If your dermatologist finds any discolorations or growths of concern, they�ll take a biopsy of the skin. To do this, they�ll inject a numbing agent into the skin before removing a small sample of the lesion for testing. The biopsy will be viewed under a microscope to look for skin cancer.
Your dermatologist will remove the growth if BCC is found. If you have an aggressive form of BCC, your doctor may take a biopsy of your lymph nodes to check for metastasis.
Disease: carcinoma
Question: for carcinoma, how is basal cell carcinoma treated??
Answer: Treatment for basal cell carcinoma involves removing the growth. Your doctor will recommend a treatment depending on the type of BCC you have, the size of the lesion, and the location of the lesion. Treatment options include:
Curettage and electrodessication
In this procedure, the growth is scraped off with a curette. The tumor site is then burned with an electrocautery needle. It is extremely effective, especially on small lesions, though it may not be as effective on aggressive BCCs or high-risk sites. It can leave a round, white scar. This procedure has a 95 percent success rate.
Excisional surgery
Your doctor will remove the tumor and surrounding border of normal skin around it with a scalpel. This procedure requires stitches to close the surgical site. This is often used for more advanced BCCs, which are at risk for affecting the surrounding skin. It may leave a small scar. This procedure has a 95 percent success rate.
Mohs micrographic surgery
Your doctor will remove a thin layer of tissue that contains the tumor. The layer of tissue is frozen and then mapped under a microscope. The doctor will then repeat the procedure on the exact location the cancer was present.
This procedure can save healthy tissue, and has the highest cure rate at about 99 percent. It�s often used for large tumors, or tumors in highly visible areas like the face or neck.
Cryosurgery
Cryosurgery is used for cancers that are thin and don�t extend far into the skin. Your doctor can freeze and kill cancerous cells with liquid nitrogen. This has a risk of nerve damage at the site, which can result in loss of feeling.
No cutting is necessary, though anesthesia may be used. The growth will blister or crust over. Cryosurgery is most often used for BCC and people with bleeding disorders. It has a success rate of between 85 and 90 percent.
Disease: carcinoma
Question: for carcinoma, recovering from treatment?
Answer: BCC treatments are often minor and easy to recover from. Many people will experience some pain at the surgery or excision site as it heals.
Scarring is a common effect of BCC treatment. To lessen the appearance of scars, follow the after-treatment instructions your doctor gives you. These instructions will include:
Keep the excision site clean.
Apply over-the-counter ointments like Vaseline and Neosporin multiple times a day to help it heal, and keep it covered with a bandage.
Keep the wound moist. This will help it heal.
There is a high risk of recurrence of BCC. Take precautions to protect your skin from UV exposure.
Disease: carcinoma
Question: for carcinoma, can basal cell carcinoma cause complications??
Answer: The most common complication of basal cell carcinoma is recurrence. BCCs commonly recur, even after successful treatment. In some cases, BCC may reappear in the same place. It can also be disfiguring, especially if not treated promptly.
A diagnosis of BCC increases the chance of developing other types of skin cancer. This includes melanoma, which can metastasize and is the most life-threatening form of skin cancer.
Rare, aggressive forms of BCC can invade the body beyond the skin. It can destroy bone, nerves, and muscles. In rare cases it can metastasize to other parts of the body, including key organs, and become life-threatening.
Disease: carcinoma
Question: for carcinoma, is basal cell carcinoma preventable??
Answer: Avoiding or reducing your exposure to UV light is the best way to prevent BCC. Avoid direct sunlight during the brightest parts of the day and avoid using tanning beds.
Apply sunscreen regularly, even if you�re only going to be outside for a few minutes. Use a sunscreen with SPF 15 or higher. You can also wear lightweight clothing and hats to protect against sun exposure. The exception to this is infants. Newborns should be kept out of the sun when possible. Don�t apply sunscreen to infants under six months.
Early detection of BCC can reduce scarring caused by the removal of a tumor. Get a skin cancer check annually from a dermatologist or primary doctor. You should also examine your skin head-to-toe on a monthly basis. If you notice any skin changes, make an appointment with a doctor.
Disease: hepatitis C
Question: what is hepatitis C? Tell me about hepatitis C? What kind of disease is hepatitis C? Can you elaborate on hepatitis C? What can you tell me about hepatitis C? Could you describe what hepatitis C is? I�d like to know more about hepatitis C. Can you help? What information do you have on hepatitis C? Could you provide information on hepatitis C?
Answer: What is acute hepatitis C?
In the United States, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that more than 40,000 people
are acutely infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV). The acute form of this viral infection may produce only brief symptoms, so some people never know they have it. That can lead to the development of a more serious form of this infection.
Disease: hepatitis C
Question: for hepatitis C, what�s the difference between acute and chronic hepatitis c??
Answer: Hepatitis C is a contagious disease caused by HCV, which is spread through contact with blood and bodily fluids that contain HCV. This disease damages your liver. There are two types of hepatitis C infection: acute and chronic.
Acute hepatitis C is a short-term viral infection. People with acute hepatitis C carry the infection for a small window of time, often just several months
. Most people with the acute form of hepatitis C will experience illness and mild symptoms such as fatigue and vomiting within the first six months after exposure. In many cases, the disease causes no symptoms at all.
Acute hepatitis C may improve or resolve without treatment. It leads to chronic infection in 75 to 85 percent of cases. The chronic form may cause long-term problems in your liver, including liver damage and liver cancer.
Disease: hepatitis C
Question: for hepatitis C, how is acute hepatitis c transmitted??
Answer: HCV is spread through direct contact with blood or certain bodily fluids that contain HCV. It�s safe to engage in the following activities without worry of transmission:
hugging
kissing
holding hands
sharing eating utensils or glasses
Also, the virus is not spread by coughing and sneezing.
Disease: hepatitis C
Question: for hepatitis C, what are the symptoms of acute hepatitis c??
Answer: Symptoms don�t always appear immediately. Symptoms may be noticeable within 14 days but may take as long as six months to produce any sign. The average period it takes to show symptoms is six to seven weeks
. However, most people who contract acute hepatitis C never experience any symptoms.
Symptoms of acute hepatitis C range from very mild to severe. They include:
nausea
vomiting
loss of appetite
fever
fatigue
abdominal pain
joint pain
dark urine
light, clay-colored bowel movements
jaundice, or yellowing of the skin and eyes
If your doctor suspects that you have hepatitis C, they will draw blood to check for HCV antibodies. Antibodies are substances your body produces when it�s fighting an infection. If you have them, your doctor may order a second test to confirm that the virus is still present.
If you are positive for the presence of HCV, your doctor may want to check your liver enzyme levels. This lets them know if the disease has affected your liver. Some people with the virus will have normal levels.
Disease: hepatitis C
Question: for hepatitis C, how is acute hepatitis c treated??
Answer: Acute hepatitis C is typically monitored and not treated. Treatment during the acute stage doesn�t change the risk that the disease will progress to the chronic form. An acute infection may resolve on its own without treatment. The following treatment may be all that�s necessary:
proper rest
adequate fluids
a healthy diet
Some people may need treatment with prescription medication. Your doctor will be able to work with you about what treatment options may be best for you.
Disease: hepatitis C
Question: for hepatitis C, risk factors?
Answer: Those most at risk for acute and chronic hepatitis C are people who use or share contaminated needles. Mothers can transmit HCV to their babies during childbirth, but not through breastfeeding. Other risk factors for transmission of HCV include:
healthcare work, especially work around needles
getting a tattoo or body piercing with unsterile equipment
undergoing hemodialysis
living in a household with someone with HCV
sharing personal hygiene products, such as razors or toothbrushes
engaging in sexual activity with multiple partners without condoms or dental dams
having a blood transfusion or organ transplant before July 1992 or receiving clotting factors before 1987
The most serious long-term risk of acute hepatitis C is developing chronic hepatitis C, which can lead to cirrhosis and liver cancer. In 75 to 85 percent of those with acute hepatitis C, the disease will progress to the more serious chronic hepatitis C.
Disease: hepatitis C
Question: for hepatitis C, prevention?
Answer: Early detection and treatment are the best ways to prevent the more serious form of hepatitis C. There�s no vaccine for hepatitis C, so the best way to prevent it is to avoid any situations in which you could come into contact with another person�s blood.
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Disease: hepatitis C
Question: for hepatitis C, the takeaway?
Answer: Acute hepatitis C is a contagious viral infection spread through contact with blood and bodily fluids that contain HCV. The main risk of the acute form of the disease is development into chronic hepatitis C, a more serious form of the disease that can cause liver damage and liver cancer.
If you think you may have hepatitis C, contact your doctor. Early detection and treatment are the best ways to prevent the more serious chronic form of the disease.
Disease: psychotic disorder
Question: what is psychotic disorder? Tell me about psychotic disorder? What kind of disease is psychotic disorder? Can you elaborate on psychotic disorder? What can you tell me about psychotic disorder? Could you describe what psychotic disorder is? I�d like to know more about psychotic disorder. Can you help? What information do you have on psychotic disorder? Could you provide information on psychotic disorder?
Answer: The exact cause of psychosis isn�t always clear. It�s important to seek help if you experience hallucinations, delusions, or trouble thinking clearly. Most people recover with treatment, such as therapy and medication.
Psychosis is a combination of symptoms resulting in an impaired relationship with reality. It can be a symptom of serious mental health disorders. People who are experiencing psychosis may have either hallucinations or delusions.
Hallucinations are sensory experiences that occur within the absence of an actual stimulus. For example, a person having an auditory hallucination may hear their mother yelling at them when their mother isn�t around. Or someone having a visual hallucination may see something, like a person in front of them, who isn�t actually there.
The person experiencing psychosis may also have thoughts that are contrary to actual evidence. These thoughts are known as delusions. Some people with psychosis may also experience loss of motivation and social withdrawal.
These experiences can be frightening. They may also cause people who are experiencing psychosis to hurt themselves or others.
It�s important to get medical help right away if you or someone else is experiencing symptoms of psychosis.
Disease: psychotic disorder
Question: for psychotic disorder, recognizing the symptoms of psychosis?
Answer: According to the National Institute for Mental Health (NIMH)
, there are warning signs that may appear before psychosis develops. These can include:
a sudden drop in school work or job performance
trouble thinking clearly
difficulty concentrating
feeling paranoid or suspicious of others
withdrawing from friends and loved ones
an influx of strange, new feelings, or no feeling at all
a disinterest in personal grooming
difficulty separating reality from non-reality
trouble communicating
If someone is experiencing an episode of psychosis, the main symptoms
include:
hallucinations
delusions
disorganized behavior (behavior that does not seem to make sense, or that is impulsive)
negative symptoms (seemingly having no emotion, lack of interest in activities previously enjoyed, an ungroomed appearance, etc.)
catatonia (a �frozen� appearance)
Suicide prevention
Call 911 or your local emergency number.
Stay with the person until help arrives.
Remove any guns, knives, medications, or other things that may cause harm.
Listen, but don�t judge, argue, threaten, or yell.
Get help from a crisis or suicide prevention hotline. Try the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline at 800-273-8255.
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Disease: psychotic disorder
Question: for psychotic disorder, confused and disturbed thoughts?
Answer: A person who is experiencing psychosis may often have confusing and disrupted thoughts. Some examples of this include:
constant talking with rapid speech patterns
switching topics mid-sentence with no explanation
a sudden loss of their train of thought, causing them to pause or freeze abruptly
Disease: psychotic disorder
Question: for psychotic disorder, what are delusions and hallucinations??
Answer: Delusions and hallucinations are two very different symptoms that are both often experienced by people with psychosis. Delusions and hallucinations seem real to the person who is experiencing them.
Delusions
A delusion is a false belief or impression that is firmly held even though it�s contradicted by reality and what is commonly considered true. There are delusions of paranoia, grandiose delusions, and somatic delusions.
People who are experiencing a delusion of paranoia might think that they are being followed when they�re not, or that secret messages are being sent to them.
Someone with a grandiose delusion will have an exaggerated sense of importance.
Somatic delusion is when a person believes they have a terminal illness, but in reality they�re healthy.
Hallucinations
A hallucination is a sensory perception in the absence of outside stimuli. That means seeing, hearing, feeling, or smelling something that isn�t present.
A person who is hallucinating might see things that don�t exist or hear people talking when they�re alone.
Disease: psychotic disorder
Question: for psychotic disorder, causes of psychosis?
Answer: Each case of psychosis is different, and the exact cause isn�t always clear. There are certain illnesses that cause psychosis. There are also triggers like drug use, lack of sleep, and other environmental factors. In addition, certain situations can lead to specific types of psychosis developing.
In general, some of the factors involved in psychosis are:
genetics
trauma (such as a death, sexual assault, or living through a war)
substance use (drugs like LSD and amphetamines have been linked
to instances of psychosis in some people)
mental health conditions (like schizophrenia)
Disease: psychotic disorder
Question: for psychotic disorder, risk factors for developing psychosis?
Answer: It�s not currently possible to precisely identify who is likely to develop psychosis. However, research has shown that genetics may play a role.
People are more likely to develop a psychotic disorder if they have a close family member, such as a parent or sibling, who has a psychotic disorder.
Children born with the genetic mutation known as 22q11.2 deletion syndrome are at risk of developing a psychotic disorder, especially schizophrenia.
Disease: psychotic disorder
Question: for psychotic disorder, types of psychosis?
Answer: Some kinds of psychosis are brought on by specific conditions or circumstances.
Brief psychotic disorder
Brief psychotic disorder
, sometimes called brief reactive psychosis, can occur during periods of extreme personal stress like the death of a family member.
Someone experiencing brief reactive psychosis will generally recover in a few days to a few weeks, depending on the source of the stress.
Drug- or alcohol-related psychosis
Psychosis can sometimes be triggered by the use of alcohol or drugs, including stimulants such as
methamphetamine.
Hallucinogenic drugs like LSD often cause users to see things that aren�t really there, but this effect is temporary. Some prescription drugs like steroids and stimulants can also cause symptoms of psychosis.
People who have an alcohol or substance use disorder can experience symptoms of psychosis if they suddenly stop drinking or taking those drugs.
Organic psychosis
A head injury, illness, or infection that affects the brain can cause
symptoms of psychosis.
Disease: psychotic disorder
Question: for psychotic disorder, psychotic disorders?
Answer: Psychotic disorders can be triggered by stress, drug or alcohol use, injury, or illness. They can also appear on their own. The following types of disorders may have symptoms of psychosis:
Bipolar disorder
When someone is living with bipolar disorder, they experience extreme mood changes. When their mood is high and positive, they may have symptoms of psychosis. They may feel extremely happy or grandiose.
When their mood is more depressed, the person may have symptoms of psychosis that make them feel angry, sad, or frightened. These symptoms can include thinking someone is trying to harm them.
Delusional disorder
A person experiencing delusional disorder strongly believes in things that aren�t real, even when presented with opposing evidence.
Psychotic depression
This is major depression with symptoms of psychosis.
Schizophrenia
Symptoms of psychosis generally appear in schizophrenia.
Disease: psychotic disorder
Question: for psychotic disorder, how is psychosis diagnosed??
Answer: Psychosis is diagnosed through a psychiatric evaluation. That means a doctor will watch the person�s behavior and ask questions about what they�re experiencing.
Medical tests and X-rays may be used to determine whether there is an underlying illness causing the symptoms.
Diagnosing psychosis in children and teenagers
Many of the symptoms of psychosis in adults aren�t symptoms of psychosis in young people. For example, small children often have imaginary friends with whom they talk. This just represents imaginative play, which is completely normal for children.
But if you�re worried about psychosis in a child or adolescent, it�s best to describe their behavior to a doctor.
Disease: psychotic disorder
Question: for psychotic disorder, treatment of psychosis?
Answer: Treating psychosis may involve a combination of medications and therapy. Most people will experience an improvement in their symptoms with treatment.
Rapid tranquilization
Sometimes people experiencing psychosis can become agitated and be at risk of hurting themselves or others. In these cases, it may be necessary to calm them down quickly.
This method is called rapid tranquilization
. A doctor or emergency response personnel will administer a fast-acting injection or liquid medication to quickly relax the person.
Medication
Symptoms of psychosis can be managed with medications called antipsychotics. They reduce hallucinations and delusions, and help people think more clearly. The type of antipsychotic a doctor prescribes will depend on the symptoms.
In many cases, people only need to take antipsychotics for a short time until their symptoms are more manageable. Others may need to take them more long term.
Cognitive behavioral therapy
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a type of mental health therapy. Its goal is to change thinking and behaviors. CBT involves regular meetings with a mental health counselor.
CBT has been shown to be effective in helping people better manage their mental health conditions.
It�s often most helpful for symptoms of psychosis that medications don�t fully address.