Detangling the mystery of the intriguing odor of dermatophytes Lenka Machova1,2, Michaela Svarcova1,2, Andrej Jasica1,2, Sandra Awokunle Holla1,2, Alena Grasserova2,3, Jaroslav Semerad2,3, Adela Cmokova2, Vit Hubka2, Miroslav Kolarik2 References 1. Weitzman, I., & Summerbell, R. C. (1995). The dermatophytes. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 8(2), 240–259. 2. Semerád, J., Moeder, M., Filip, J., Pivokonský, M., Filipová, A., & Cajthaml, T. (2019). Oxidative stress in microbes after exposure to iron nanoparticles: analysis of aldehydes as oxidative damage products of lipids and proteins. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26(32), 33670–33682. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-06370-w. First volatome analysis of dermatophytes shows unique spectra of volatile organic compounds found in isolates of human mycoses. • Dermatophytes = common fungal skin pathogens of mammals, producing variety of secondary metabolites 1 • Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) = a group of secondary metabolites 1. Introduction Fig. 1 (a) classic cultivation of the dermatophyte; (b) cultivation of dermatophytes with sheep wool in vial; (c) analysing of the sample with Gas-Chromatography Mass Spectrometry; (d) prediction of molecular structure • cultivation →SPME/GC-MS →prediction of molecular structure (Fig. 1) 2 • Spectra specific for isolates • Molecular biology – comparison of phylogeny with chemotaxonomy 2. Methods • 40 strains, 15 taxa = 80 identified features • terpenoids, ethers, aromatic compounds, compounds with sulphur, anisols, amines etc. • compounds specific for dermatophytic group • in one case, the compound was specific for a species • terbinafine resistants cluster separately from non-resistants • phylogeny and chemotaxonomy are not consistent 3. Results • We propose selected compounds as putative markers of dermatophyte infection (for future application of electronic nose etc). • A new approach for distinguishing between dermatophytic species and terbinafine resistant species. 4. Discussion Fig. 2 (a) PCA of strains divided by the species - E. floccosum (EF), M. canis (MC), N. gypsea (NG), T. benhamiae var. benhamiae (TB), T. erinacei (TER), T. europaeum (TEUR), T. interdigitale (TI), T. indotineae (TIND), T. japonicum (TJ), T. benhamiae var. luteum (TL), T. persicum (TP), T. quinckeanum (TQ), T. rubrum, (TR),T. tonsurans (TT), T. verrucosum (TV).; (b) occurrence of detected VOCs in all dermatophyte and non- dermatophyte species; (c) Agglomerative hierarchical clustering of the representatives of resistant and non- resistant strains; TR = T. rubrum, TRR = T. rubrum resistant to terbinafine, TI = T. interdigitale, TIND = T. indotineae; (d) Multilocus tree of the ITS, tubb and tef1α loci (on left), Agglomerative hierarchical clustering by the Ward’s method with the Euclidean distances (on right) Contact me. Msc. Lenka Machova Msc. Michaela Svarcova Lenka.machovka@seznam.cz Svarcova.michaela92@gmail.com Laboratory of fungal genetics and metabolism - IM CAS (a) (b) (c) (d) 1Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Vinicna 5, 128 44, Prague 2, Czech Republic 2Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic 3Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Benatska 2, 128 01, Prague 2, Czech Republic (a) (b) (c) (d) This research also benefitted from funding by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (RISE) under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 101008129, project acronym “Mycobiomics”