Introduction Method Results Results Discussion Future Prospects Abstract Stuart Hall's communication model shows that media and other cultural contexts are molded by dominant discourses and power systems. Hence, this study uses Hall's model to analyze viral and harmful media stereotypes, their toxic effects on individuals and society, and media's role in shaping cultural perceptions. This study examines three levels of stereotypes— masculine power, gender stereotypes and social stigmas. Evidence synthesis is employed to evaluate several studies on damaging media stereotypes that match with Hall's postulations to extract and frame these biases for critical discourses. This study adds to the body of research on media representations by revealing how media stereotypes impair historical, cultural, and sexual identities. In the field of media and cultural studies, Stuart Hall’s (1973) communication model provides a useful framework for analyzing the interplay between discourse, power structures, and media. *Figure 2. Circle size is related to the number of studies mentioning the word. Circle color is related to the stereotype category. The lines connecting the nodes indicate semantic relationships or associations. The network reveals clusters of related terms. The semantic variability of this text network analysis is focused because it centers around specific themes and interconnected terms Text Network Analysis showing nodes extracted from titles, abstracts and/or Intros of the 61 studies Semantic Variability Scale of Nodes *Figure 5 . The United States made a complete contribution to all the selected research, accounting for 100% (61). These studies were sourced from 18 different states within the country. The research institutions in the Northeast region of the country accounted for 56% of the selected studies. New York State provided 33% of the entire papers, closely followed by California State in the Southwest, which accounted for 20%. Spatial Analysis showing the %-distribution of the selected studies (n = 61) within the US L - R The current analysis incorporates a range of trends shown in reviewed studies. The first chart shows 63% of respondents saying that the different forms of stereotypes are either perpetuated or reinforced by the media. The second chart shows 57% of respondents admit that the media perpetuates and reinforces human- related stereotypes by selectively covering specific pieces of information rather than the entirety. According to the third chart, most respondents (58%) believe that television is the primary medium through which media-driven stereotypes are spread (for example, in the form of films or broadcasts from news outlets.) Media in all its forms has long shaped society's values, norms, and beliefs (Tankard & Paluck, 2016). The fact that media signals are encoded with unique meanings by content providers is an endorsement of Hall's communication model. According to Hall (2000), these interpretations are impacted by many social, cultural, and political factors. Castleberry (2016) argues that ideological frameworks frequently impact the media's ability to encode messages that become stereotypes by giving more weight to some narratives and viewpoints and less weight to others. Take gender stereotypes as an example. Media portrayals frequently uphold damaging and restricting perceptions of masculinity and femininity by adhering to established gender norms and roles. Women are typically shown as nurturing figures or romantic interests, whereas males are typically portrayed as strong and dominating. These stereotypes normalize and legitimize uneven gender interactions, which in turn helps to perpetuate preexisting power systems. Bødker (2018) notes that audiences have a crucial role in understanding media messages and creating meaning by drawing on their personal experiences, beliefs, and cultural backgrounds, as emphasized by Hall's model. On the other hand, viewers may infer stereotypes from media por