RESEARCH POSTER PRESENTATION DESIGN © 2019 www.PosterPresentations.com Sustainability Issues: • Each ton of cement production-one ton of carbon-dioxide, 1 kg of sulphur dioxide (SO2), 2 kg oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and 10 kg dust into the atmosphere (Zhang et al., 2018) • Shortage of Landfill sites Optimum Solution: Geopolymer concrete (GPC)- novel form of concrete, synthesized by the alkali activation of source materials (aluminosilicate rich materials) ( Davidovits, 1991). On Site Feasibility Problems: • Highly corrosive alkaline solution-based reagents • Heat Curing Feasible Solution: Dry Mixing Technique • Powder-based reagents: required in less quantity • Source Materials: aluminosilicate rich materials • No need of heat curing Geopolymerisation (Komnitsas, 2011) IINTRODUCTION OBJECTIVE RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS • The mix combination (M1A2) achieved the highest compressive strength of 64.2 MPa at 56 days. • The mix M1A1 exhibited a comparable compressive strength of 55.45 MPa at 56 days and higher slump flow than mix M1A2. • The initial and final setting time of the mix M1A1 was determined to be as 119 minutes and 259 minutes respectively. • M1A1 was designated as the best performing mix based on slump flow and compressive strength characteristics. REFERENCES Zhang, J., Zhang, P., Zheng, Y. and Wang, K. 2018. A review on properties of fresh and hardened geopolymer mortar. Composites Part B, Volume 152. Davidovits, J. 1991. Geopolymers. Journal of Thermal Analysis, 37(8):1633–1656. Li, V. C., & Kanda, T. (1998). Engineered Cementitious Composites for structural applications. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 10(2), 66–69. Komnitsas, K. A. (2011) ‘Potential of geopolymer technology towards green buildings and sustainable cities’, Procedia Engineering, 21, pp. 1023–1032. doi: 10.1016/j.proeng.2011.11.2108. Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or [50-mm] Cube Specimens)1’ (ASTM, 2016). doi: 10.1520/C0109_C0109M-16A. Standard Test Method for Flow of Hydraulic Cement Mortar 1’ (ASTM, 2015). doi: 10.1520/C1437 Designation: C191 − 18a Standard Test Methods for Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cement by Vicat Needle 1’ (2018). doi: 10.1520/C0191-18A. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS • CRH Canada • ATCO Power • WESTLAB Canada • NSERC • Develop cement free binder for the production/development of sustainable engineered composites. • Geopolymer Technology (Si2O5.Al2O2) n + H2O + OH- →Si(OH)4 + AL(OH)4- Si(OH)4 + AL(OH)4 →(-Si-O-Al-O-)n + 4H2O Department of Civil Engineering, Ryerson University Sood, D., Krisht, J. and Hossain, K.M.A. DEVELOPING GEOPOLYMER COMPOSITES USING DRY MIXING TECHNIQUE EXPERIMENTAL WORK Binder* Mix Design ation** Activator Activator/ Binder Activator component ratio Water/Binder HRWRA*** FA(C)+ GGBS M1A1 Ca(OH)2+ Na2SiO3.5H2O 0.09 Na2SiO3.5H2O/ Ca(OH)2=2.5 0.35 0 M1A2 Ca(OH)2+ Na2SO4 0.12 Ca(OH)2/ Na2SO4=2.5 0.35 0.01 FA(F)+ GGBS M2A1 M2A2 Ca(OH)2+ Na2SiO3.5H2O Ca(OH)2+ Na2SO4 0.09 0.12 Na2SiO3.5H2O/ Ca(OH)2=2.5 Ca(OH)2/ Na2SO4=2.5 0.3 0.35 0 0 GGBS M3A1 M3A2 Ca(OH)2+ Na2SiO3.5H2O Ca(OH)2+ Na2SO4 0.09 0.12 Na2SiO3.5H2O/ Ca(OH)2=2.5 Ca(OH)2/ Na2SO4=2.5 0.35 0.35 0 0.02 Figure 3-(a) slump flow spread, (b) setting time test, (c) compressive strength test 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Compressive Strength (MPa) Days M1A1 M1A2 Linear (M1A1) Linear (M1A2) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Compressive Strength (MPa) Days M3A1 M3A2 Linear (M3A1) Linear (M3A2) Figure 4- (a) Influence of two types of activators on mix-1, (b) Influence of two types of activators on mix-3 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Compressive Strength (MPa) Days M2A1 Linear (M2A1) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Compressive Strength (MPa) Days M1A1 M2A1 M3A1 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Compressive Strength (MPa) Days M1A2 M3A2 Linear (M1A2) Linear (M3A2) Figure 5- Effect of activator on different source materials (a) A1, (b) A2 0 1 2 3 M1A1 M2A1 M3A1 Re