fairdataihub/poster-sentry-training-data huggingface dataset:
Implementação de um teste de aleatoriedade para avaliar um algoritmo de criptografia baseado em caos Bruno Piazera Larsen; Jeaneth Machicao Universidade de São Paulo larsen.bruno.p@gmail.com; machicao@usp.br Objetivos O objetivo principal deste projeto de iniciação científica é a implementação de um algoritmo de criptografia baseada em caos. Para isto, a avaliação da pseudo-aleatoriedade do algoritmo também é de grande interesse, e está sendo realizada em paralelo. Assim, o objetivo do presente trabalho é a implementação de um teste de aleatoriedade que seja sensível o suficiente para medir as propriedades pseudo- aleatórias do caos. Métodos e Procedimentos Neste trabalho foi proposto e implementado um novo teste de aleatoriedade baseado na proposta de Zhu [1], expandindo-o para testar todas as sequências possíveis, até um tamanho m. De acordo com esse trabalho, dado um vetor aleatório de n-bits é esperado que, buscando um padrão de tamanho m usando uma janela fixa, a distância entre os padrões siga uma distribuição exponencial de parâmetro 2-m. Será usado o teste de Kolmogorov-Smirnov para determinar o p-valor da amostra, e depois o teste será reaplicado nos p-valores obtidos, que devem seguir uma distribuição uniforme. Se o p-valor for muito baixo, a hipótese nula pode ser descartada. Uma vez que esse teste estiver pronto, será implementado o sistema criptográfico, e o teste de aleatoriedade será usado para validar a qualidade do sistema, junto de outros testes usados na literatura (DIEHARDER e NIST). Resultados Preliminares A qualidade do teste proposto foi avaliada usando o gerador pseudo-aleatório baseado no k-mapa logístico [2] e uma amostra não aleatória. Os padrões de intermitência podem ser observados na Figura 1. Usando padrões diferentes (diferentemente do que foi proposto por Zhu) alguns padrões ficam muito aparentes. Figura 1: Frequências de intermitência em uma amostra não aleatória (topo) e em uma aleatória (fundo) saindo do padrão 111 e buscado 000. Conclusões Preliminares Pelos resultados preliminares podemos concluir, com um otimismo cauteloso, que o teste será muito mais sensível que os testes atuais, dado que o programa possa ser refinado. Referências Bibliográficas [1] Zhu, S. (2015). A Randomness Test Based on the Distribution of Position for Pre-Specified Pattern. In 2015 International Conference on Computer Science and Mechanical Automation (CSMA). IEEE. [2] Machicao, J., & Bruno, O. M. (2017). Improving the pseudo-randomness properties of chaotic maps using deep-zoom. Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science, 27(5), 53116.
Parallel Roads to the Traveling Salesman 3/2-Approximation Metric Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) Find: A shortest tour visiting each vertex of an edge-weighted graph at least once. NP-hard: No polynomial-time algorithm is known. In 1976, a polynomial-time algorithm for computing a tour of length no more than 3/2 of the optimum was discovered simultaneously in the English and Russian literature. Actually, it is the end of a series of three parallel discoveries. 1973/74: The Chinese Postman Problem (CPP) Find: A shortest tour visiting all edges of an edge-weighted graph. Solvable by computing a maximum-weight matching in an auxiliary graph. 1973: Christoﬁdes ﬁnds the connection between CPP and matching, solves the re- sulting matching problem in polynomial time using Edmonds’ 1965 algorithm. 1974: Serdyukov ﬁnds the connection be- tween CPP and matching, solves the result- ing matching problem in exponential time, being unaware of Edmonds’ algorithm. 1975: Faster Matching Algorithms Lawler: O(n3)-time implementation of Edmonds’ matching algorithm. Karzanov: O(n3 log n)-time implementa- tion of Edmonds’ matching algorithm. Likely, Serdyukov learned about the polynomial-time solvability of the maximum- weight matching problem from a preliminary version of Karzanov’s article. Both results are published only in 1976. 1976: 3/2-Approximation Algorithm for TSP Algorithm: First compute a minimum-weight spanning tree and then a shortest tour traversing it, via matching, like for CPP. February: Christoﬁdes describes the al- gorithm in a technical report at Carnegie Mellon University. January: Serdyukov submits it to the journal Upravlyayemye Sistemy of the In- stitute of Mathematics in Novosibirsk. Full article: R. van Bevern and V. A. Slugina: A historical note on the 3/2-approximation algorithm for the traveling salesman problem. Historia Mathematica, 2020. doi:10.1016/j.hm.2020.04.003, arXiv:2004.02437
Use of Stable Isotope Ratio Analysis (SIRA) for the identification of invasive species native in alien environments Funding Non-competitive funding mechanism. Each funder only pays for the participation of their own national researchers. Total funding € 60 000 Picture 1 Picture 1 Picture 1 Goals To develop Stable Isotope Ratios Analysis (SIRA) as arthropod tree pest determination tool, to be used to obtain reliable information about the origin of exotic pest species. The ability to make this determination could form part of the decision-making process on the actions and measures to be taken, in case of interceptions or outbreaks of non-native species. Research consortium Defra (GB), BLT (AT), CREA (IT), APHIS (US), Uorleans (FR) Contact information Project coordinator: Katharina Heinrich Katharina.Heinrich@fera.co.uk Key outputs and results • A preliminary exploration of isotopic signatures for the identification and differentiation of geographic origin of various species. The extent of the exploration will depend on the availability of samples within the project group and this is likely to vary between species. The ability to differentiate between specimens of different geographical origins is also likely to vary between species depending on their climatic range, host trees and landscape utilisation. • An assessment as to whether the data from one pest can be utilised for another pest with a similar feeding regime. This will depend on the identical host tree species, the specific parts of the tree consumed by the insects and their life cycles. • Guidelines and recommendations for decision- making based on the data produced. Objectives Sourcing of tree pest specimens, e.g. Anoplophora glabripennis (ALB), Monochamus, etc. from different geographic regions in sufficient numbers for SIRA and statistical evaluation of the results. A sub-topic will be the combined analysis of insect specimen and host tree wood/bark for the investigation of correlation between their stable isotope patterns. 10/2018-03/2021
Background The Lower–Balonne floodplain system was identified as a priority in the Northern Basin Review process and it was recognised that region-specific knowledge on floodplain vegetation was limited. Consequently a commitment was made to un- dertake research aimed at improving the understanding of the water availability and use by four key floodplain vegetation species (three trees; Coolabah, River red gum and Black box, and a shrub; Lignum) which are common in the Lower–Balonne. This research was done as part of the Australian Government’s Murray-Darling Ba- sin Environmental Water Knowledge and Research (EWKR) project and was con- ducted by Queensland’s Department of Natural Resources, Mines and Energy (formerly DNRM) and Department of Environment and Science (formerly DSITI). Contact Bill Senior Department of Environment and Science Queensland Government E: bill.senior@des.qld.gov.au Dr Nikki Thurgate Project Coordinator Centre for Freshwater Ecosystems La Trobe University P: + 61 2 60 249690 E: n.thurgate@latrobe.edu.au W: latrobe.edu.au/freshwater- ecosystems Improving the understanding of water availability and use by vegetation of the Lower-Balonne Floodplain The Lower-Balonne floodplain The Lower-Balonne floodplain is a distributary river network within the Condamine- Balonne catchment located between the town of St George in southern Queensland and the Barwon River in northern New South Wales. It is comprised of a complex series of braided channels, floodplains and waterholes. Floodplain vegetation is a key ecosystem component of the Lower-Balonne and relies on permanent and peri- odic flooding, to a greater or lesser extent, depending upon its type and position in the landscape. Centre for Freshwater Ecosystems Fact Sheet
Wrapping culture plates with Parafilm M® increases Caenorhabditis elegans growth1 Jessica H. Shinn-Thomasa, Sara E. Scangaa, Patrick S. Spicaa, Hardik K. Nariyaa, Emra Klempica,b, Mary R. Brocketta,c aDepartment of Biology, Utica College, Utica, NY; bDivision of Cardiac Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY; cDivision of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD. • Parafilm M® is a moisture-resistant thermoplastic commonly used to seal agar media plates for a variety of model organisms. • Minimal research has evaluated the effects Parafilm wrapping could have on these organisms. Recent research in Arabidopsis thaliana cultures demonstrated that growth was affected by Parafilm wrapping and gas exchange may be affected as well (Banerjee et al., 2019, PLOS ONE). • Parafilm is used to seal Nematode Growth Media (NGM) agar plates on which C.elegans is cultured. We aimed to determine if Parafilm wrapping engendered developmental changes in C. elegans by comparing larval growth over 48 hours of animals cultured on Parafilm- wrapped and unwrapped control NGM plates. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS1 For Complete Published Work, Go To: 1Shinn-Thomas, J.H., Scanga, S.E., Spica, P.S. et al. Wrapping culture plates with Parafilm M® increases Caenorhabditis elegans growth. BMC Res Notes 12, 818 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-019-4854-3 A Figure 1. Larval growth over time. Median length (μm) of worms in each treatment group at 0, 18, 24, 36, and 48 h after L1 transfer to plates. Data are displayed as boxplots overlaid with scatterplots of individual worm lengths (open circles) at each time point. Bold line within each box shows median length, and box shows Q3 (upper quartile) and Q1 (lower quartile). n = 39 Parafilm and n = 41 control1 Median (IQR) length (μm) Parafilm Control ΔGrowth 764.25 (39.3) 726.35 (97.3) Growth rate 16.43 (1.3) 15.56 (1.7) • Wrapping culture plates with Parafilm significantly accelerated and increased larval growth, with a 0.87 μm/h increase in growth rate (~ 6%) and a 37.90 μm increase in the change in growth (Δgrowth; ~ 5%) over 48 h. • Investigators of all organisms should be aware that wrapping their experimental cultures with Parafilm may result in statistically detectable changes, such as in growth and possibly other developmental processes. RESULTS1 CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS1 Parafilm wrapped one time around the circumference of a NGM culture plate Table 1. Worms in cultures wrapped with Parafilm showed significantly greater Δgrowth (Mann–Whitney U test, W = 472, p = 0.001) and a significantly faster growth rate (Mann– Whitney U test, W = 479, p = 0.002) than worms in the control group. Cohen’s d indicated a moderate impact of Parafilm wrapping on the Δgrowth and growth rate of C. elegans over 48 h (Cohen’s d = 0.75 and d = 0.74 respectively).1
SimpliﬁcaƟon of a benthic ecological network in response to climate change stress E CO SY ST E M FU NC TI O N P U O R G T I A R T A N U A F O R C A M E NV IR O N M EN TA L CH AR AC TE RI ST IC S Microphytobenthos Standing Stock Net Oxygen ProducƟon Ammonium Flux Phosphate Flux PredaƟng and Scavenging Worms and Crustaceans Surface Dwelling Crustaceans and Gastropods Suspension and Deposit Feeding Bivalves Deposit Feeding Polychaetes Sediment Grain Size Sediment Porosity Sediment Organic MaƩer Content Sediment Mud Content Oxygen ConsumpƟon E CO SY ST E M FU NC TI O N P U O R G T I A R T A N U A F O R C A M E NV IR O N M EN TA L CH AR AC TE RI ST IC S Microphytobenthos Standing Stock Net Oxygen ProducƟon Ammonium Flux Phosphate Flux PredaƟng and Scavenging Worms and Crustaceans Surface Dwelling Crustaceans and Gastropods Suspension and Deposit Feeding Bivalves Deposit Feeding Polychaetes Sediment Grain Size Sediment Porosity Sediment Organic MaƩer Content Sediment Mud Content Oxygen ConsumpƟon Simon Thomas*, Ines Bartl and Simon Thrush Background Ambient Sediment Network Sea Level Rise + Sediment DeposiƟon Network Microbes Microphytobenthos Macrofauna •InterƟdal benthic sediments produce important ecosystem funcƟons such as nutrient cycling and primary producƟon •This forms an ecological network between the community, the surrounding sediment environment, and the ecosystem funcƟons produced The Problem Microbes Macrofauna Microphytobenthos •Climate change is creaƟng stressors such as sea level rise and terrigenous sediment deposiƟon •These stressors can impact benthic communiƟes, altering ecological networks and reducing resilience Sediment deposiƟon Sea level rise Sea level rise •In situ mesocosms •Convert interƟdal to subƟdal Sediment DeposiƟon •Collect sediment from catchment •Deposit 3mm layer SimulaƟng Climate Change Stress Research Aim Assess changes in benthic ecological network architecture in response to combined sea level rise and terrigenous sediment deposiƟon Node Type Environmental CharacterisƟc Ecosystem FuncƟon Macrofauna Species Group Number of ConnecƟons Strength of ConnecƟon 10% 30% 50% 70% 90% 0 1 2 3 4 5 Legend Results • Networks were built using mulƟple regression models for each funcƟon • We observed simpliﬁcaƟon of the network in response to stress • SimpliﬁcaƟon refers to a reducƟon in the number of nodes present in the network, the number of connecƟons between nodes, and overall network model strength • This represents a loss of resilience, and further stress could push the ecosystem to a Ɵpping point Network Metric Ambient Sediment Sea level Rise + Sediment DeposiƟon Number of Nodes 13 7 Number of ConnecƟons 15 8 Network Strength (average model adjusted R2 value) 0.86 0.35 +
esciencecenter.nl Powered by pioneering software TaxoTagger Cunliang Geng1, Sonja Georgievska1, Duong Vu2 1Netherlands eScience center, 2Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute ⚡ Conduct efﬁcient semantic searches for precise results 🚀 Build vector databases from DNA sequences with ease 🛠 Extend support for custom embedding models effortlessly 🌐 Interact seamlessly through a user-friendly web app TaxoTagger is an open-source Python library for DNA taxonomy identiﬁcation, powered by deep learning and semantic search 👉 Try the webapp demo at http://mycoai.org http://mycoai.org
Bees for the Future A. Freitas1, C. Ferreira1, C. Campanário1, F. Freitas1, students from 10.º2, 10.º4 and CEF611 1Escola Secundária Jaime Moniz, Funchal, Portugal Abstract In the academic year 2018/2019, students from Escola Secundária Jaime Moniz studied the importance of bees for the future using digital tools, platforms and a simulator that represented the influence of the increase or decrease of flowers to the bee population and the other way around. They also established collaboration with their community to research their level of awareness, to collect knowledge from experts and to analyze the health of the bee population in their island. For this, they collected information in a series of forms, which they shared in the Globallab platform with students from other parts of the world, gaining awareness of the relevance of problems at local and global levels. In the process, students visited a honey producer and organized a conference with the beekeeper. In the end, each group of students created a final product to present to the educational community, raising awareness of the problem studied. The products created were posters, leaflets, models, games, beds of honey plants, hives and hotels for bees. Keywords Bees; biodiversity; biosphere; ecosystem; honey.
2021_OSC: Poster Abstract Poster title​: "Small but sustainable? Scholar-led journals and open access” Project team​: Christian Katzenbach (HIIG), Frédéric Dubois (HIIG), Patrick Urs Riechert (HIIG), Marcel Wrzesinski (HIIG), Nicole Waidlein (ZBW) Cooperating institutions​: Humboldt Institute for Internet and Society (HIIG), ZBW - Leibniz Information Center for Economics Abstract​: In Germany, stakeholders favour a few strategies to foster open access transformation: Library consortia negotiate (national) licensing models with major publishers; infrastructural service providers focus on flipping journals and therefore cater to the needs of renowned publishing projects. At the same time, for public research funding academic reputation (still) seems a key criterion. In doing so, major advantages of electronic publishing and bibliodiversity are given away, which include supporting innovative publication projects (inter-/transdisciplinary contexts, non-profit models, publications focusing on emerging topics, peripheral-local publication initiatives, small-subject-based initiatives) and developing new publication formats, tools and workflows (community-based and cooperative). The project “Innovative Open Access in Small Sciences (InnOAccess)” (June 2019 - February 2021; funded by the DFG) responds to these challenges by analysing the market of scholar-led, non-APC journals in Germany, developing reusable technical workflows for smaller publishing projects and testing new, interlocking financing models. One section of the poster features the results of a survey (sample size = 101) on the state of scholar-led, non-APC journals in Germany: How are they governed, staffed and funded? What are the budgetary options? Here it became clear, for example, that one-size-fits-all solutions do not work, mainly because publication cultures are as different as their publishing institutions. Particularly publishing projects beyond university infrastructures seem to have found creative financing opportunities and technical solutions from which the field of scholar-led-publishing as a whole can profit. The poster furthermore outlines, based on the findings of the survey and a systematic evaluation of existing business models, how technical workflows and a modular approach to journal financing contributes to sustainable publishing. This includes a streamlined journal workflow based on open source applications, emphasising cooperative practices and using community-based know-how. Addressing the precarious funding situation of scholar-led, non-APC journals, the poster introduces a set of financing opportunities that have been tested and are deemed manageable with regard to the needs and administrative capacities of this journal segment. In total, the poster sheds light on the precarious situation of scholar-led journals in Germany, emphasizes their importance for the open access ecosystem and offers insights on how to improve their situation in a practical fashion.
Make your list, check it twice ✦ Erin Clary, Digital Research Alliance of Canada ✦ Beth Knazook, Digital Repository of Ireland ✦ Mikala Narlock, Data Curation Network Curatorial preservation checklist for repositories Introduction Generalist data repositories that accept a variety of dataset submissions will require comprehensive information about a dataset's creation, relevance, and long-term value to support informed preservation decisions. To enable structured and documented conversations between preservationists, depositors, and data curators, we have developed and refined a checklist to aid long-term preservation decisions. V2 published: doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11371489 Checklist How to Use it Contact info Erin.Clary@alliancecan.ca b.knazook@ria.ie mnarlock@umn.edu iPRES 2024 Section 1: Preservation Intent Section 2: Ease of Preservation Researcher intent Cost Relevance to mission Rights and restrictions Value to communities Context: documentation Uniqueness Content: file formats Each ‘yes’ answer builds a more robust rationale for preservation. →There are no fixed number of ‘yes’ answers that make the decision.← At the end of the checklist, the curator makes a preservation recommendation: ❏ Yes / No These decisions can easily be reviewed in the future. Try it out! - What worked well? - What is missing? - Let us know what you think: forms.gle/5XUhRykdWCzj3Cqe7
Simulating Protoplanetary Disk Ices How to observe ices in disks. Absorption features in the continuum from the central star and warm inner disk. Only seen in edge-on disks. Absorption features in the continuum from a star behind the disk. Albedo features in scattered light from the disk surface. Emission features in the far-IR. Nick Ballering1, Ilse Cleeves1, and Dana Anderson2 1University of Virginia, 2Carnegie Earth and Planets Laboratory Why simulate ice features? Ices are distributed heterogeneously throughout a disk, and ice observations cannot uniformly probe all regions of a disk. Forward models can connect observable features to the underlying distribution of disk ices. Methodology Use a gas-grain chemical evolution model to derive the abundance distributions of H2O, CO, CO2, CH3OH, CH4, and NH3 ices in a disk. Group model cells into “zones” of similar ice composition using a k-means algorithm, then compute the opacity for each zone. Use the radiative transfer code RADMC-3D to simulate ice features. The vertical distribution of ices Spatially mapping disk ice features is possible with JWST IFUs. Initial chemical abundances and evolution CO2 ice shows variation with time. CH3OH ice discriminates between “inheritance” and “reset” chemistry. Acknowledgements We gratefully acknowledge support from NSF award AST #2205698 and from the Virginia Initiative for Cosmic Origins. Scan to read the full paper Ice features vs. disk inclination H2O seen at 75-90o. CO2 and CH3OH are more prominent at higher inclinations. Scattered light features Ices features are present in the outer disk.