My Brother the Devil is a 2012 British crime drama film written and directed by Sally El Hosaini.

It has won multiple awards, including at the 2012 Sundance Film Festival and at the 2012 Berlin International Film Festival.

It stars James Floyd, Fady Elsayed and Saïd Taghmaoui. It tells the story of two sons of Egyptian immigrants coming of age in east London. It was released in UK on 9 November 2012 and was in US cinemas from 22 March 2013. Further releases in Canada, Germany, Australia and New Zealand.

Plot
Mo (Fady Elsayed) and Rashid "Rash" (James Floyd) are teenage brothers of Egyptian descent living with their parents in Hackney. Elder brother Rash is fiercely protective of Mo, giving him a TV when he does well and encouraging him to stay in school. However Mo begins to want to emulate Rash who works as a low level drug dealer, and is able to use money from his job to pay for small luxuries to make their lives more comfortable.

Mo is robbed by rival gang members while trying to do a drop-off for his brother. He calls Rash and his friends later when he spots the gang members at the corner store near where he lives. The confrontation between Rash's gang and his rival Demon's gang quickly grows violent and after Demon's dog is stabbed Demon retaliates by stabbing and killing Izzi, Rash's best friend.

Rash acquires a gun and plans to shoot Demon in retaliation. He finds Demon at a tattoo parlour but is unable to complete the task after seeing that Demon's little brother is there, wearing the shoes he lifted from Mo. Rash begins to dream of getting out of the gang the way Izzi was planning on doing before he was murdered. He grows close to Sayyid, a French photographer who had been helping Izzi to get legal employment. After he tells Sayyid that he wants to leave the gang Sayyid offers him a job as a photography assistant working with him.

Mo begins to grow jealous of Rash and Sayyid's increasing closeness and the respect that Rash has for him. When he is offered the opportunity to join Rash's gang as a dealer he takes it. In the meantime Sayyid kisses Rashid while they are playing around. Initially repulsed at the idea of kissing another man, Rash tries to go back to his old lifestyle. However he finds himself changed and ends up going back to Sayyid and starting a relationship with him. Mo, growing suspicious that Rash is not in fact working, goes to Sayyid's home to spy and sees the two men undressed and realizes what is going on. Angry at his brother, Mo continues to deal drugs and become further entrenched in Rash's old gang. Eventually Rash finds Mo's money and drugs. He confronts his former friends telling them that he will kill Demon in exchange for them allowing Mo to walk away from the drug business and his family to stay safe and unharmed. Upset that Rash has isolated him from his "family" Mo ends up telling Rash's former girlfriend Vanessa that Rash is gay. She spreads it around the neighbourhood and Rash's former friends give him the address of a house belonging to Demon which is actually a set up so they can kill Rash. However Rash manages to escape from the house.

The day after Rash's escape some of his friends go to Mo and tell him that Rash was hurt killing Demon and is hiding out at Sayyid's place. Mo goes with them but becomes suspicious when he sees plastic gloves, the kind that the gang uses for killings, hanging out of one of the men's pockets. Mo leads his friend to the apartment adjacent to Sayyid's. His friend pulls a gun on the woman who answers the door, and when she screams Rash and Sayyid come running out of his building. Mo ends up taking a bullet for Rash as his former friend gets in the car and runs away.

At the hospital Rash is approached by his parents who tell him that Mo will be okay and ask him to forget about Sayyid and come home. Rash refuses.

Sometime later when Mo has been released from the hospital he is approached by Rash outside the building where he lives. He and Rash have a brief conversation and he tells Rash that the family is fine and he doesn't need to return. After they hug Rash walks off towards his new life.

Cast
James Floyd as Rashid
Saïd Taghmaoui as Sayyid
Fady Elsayed as Mo
 Anthony Welsh as	Izzi
 Amira Ghazalla as	Hanan
 Nasser Memarzia as Abdul-Aziz
 Aymen Hamdouchi as Repo
 Arnold Oceng as	Aj
 Shyam Kelly as Devonte
 McKell David
 Zachary Scipio
 Ryan Townsend
 Malachi Kirby
 Kemi Martin
 Mohammed Mansary
 Denzel Assiamah
 Yusra Warsama as	Sonya
 Elarica Johnson as Vanessa

Awards

The film has received numerous International awards in 2012/13 including:
 Won Best European Film (Europa Cinemas Label Award) at Berlinale
 Won Best Cinematography at Sundance Film Festival
 Won CBA Worldview Sundance Impact Award at Sundance London
 Won Best Newcomer - Sally El Hosaini at BFI London Film Festival
 Won Most Promising Newcomer - Sally El Hosaini at Evening Standard Film Awards
 Won Grand Jury Award at LA Outfest
 Won Audience Award - Annonay Film Festival, France
 Won BIFA for Best Newcomer - James Floyd at British Independent Film Awards
 Won Best Actor - James Floyd at Milan Film Festival
 Won New Vision Award for Cinematography - Manaki Brothers Film Festival, Macedonia
 Honorable Mention Outstanding First Feature, Frameline Film Festival
 Nominated Grand Jury Prize at Sundance Film Festival
 Nominated BIFA Douglas Hickox award for Best Debut Film - Sally El Hosaini at British Independent Film Awards
 Nominated Sutherland Trophy (Best First Film) - Sally El Hosaini at BFI London Film Festival
 Nominated Most Promising Newcomer - James Floyd at Evening Standard Film Awards
 Nominated Best Newcomer - Fady Elsayed at BFI London Film Festival

Reception
It has been critically acclaimed with rave reviews, including:

 The Hollywood Reporter called it "A crackling debut...Slick, muscular, entertaining and emotionally satisfying."
 Empire named it "a compelling gangland saga...crisp, cool and consistently street-smart."
 Variety wrote 'An energetic and imaginative tale...a film that so artfully refuses to surrender to convention.'
 The Independent praised it as 'gritty and gripping'
 The Daily Telegraph called it their 'favourite narrative feature' at Sundance
 Total Film gave it film of the day and placed it in its Top 3 Films at Sundance
 Screen International named it 'a luminous event'

It currently holds an 89% "Certified Fresh" rating on Rotten Tomatoes, based on 45 reviews, with an average rating of 7.2/10. The critical consensus states that "A tough, tender tale of familial angst with careful attention to detail, My Brother the Devil is a strong debut from director Sally El Hosaini."

References

External links

Category:2012 films
Category:2010s coming-of-age films
Category:2010s crime drama films
Category:2010s gang films
Category:2010s LGBT-related films
Category:LGBT-related coming-of-age films
Category:2010s teen drama films
Category:British coming-of-age films
Category:British crime drama films
Category:British films
Category:British gangster films
Category:British LGBT-related films
Category:British teen drama films
Category:Coming-of-age drama films
Category:English-language films
Category:Films about brothers
Category:Films about dysfunctional families
Category:Films about murderers
Category:British films about revenge
Category:Films set in London
Category:LGBT-related drama films
Category:London Borough of Hackney
Category:British teen LGBT-related films
Category:2012 directorial debut films

My Brother the Devil is a 2012 British crime drama film written and directed by Sally El Hosaini.

It has won multiple awards, including at the 2012 Sundance Film Festival and the 2012 Berlin International Film Festival.

It stars James Floyd, Fady Elsayed, and Saïd Taghmaoui. It tells the story of two children of Egyptian immigrants coming of age in east London. It was released in the UK on November 9th, 2012 and was in US cinemas on March 22nd 2013. Further releases are in Canada, Germany, Australia, and New Zealand.

Plot

Monica (Fady Elsayed) and Rashid "Rash" (James Floyd) are teenage siblings of Egyptian descent living with their parents in Hackney. Elder brother Rash is fiercely protective of Monica, giving her a TV when she does well and encouraging her to stay in school. However, Monica begins to want to emulate Rash, who works as a low-level drug dealer and is able to use money from his job to pay for small luxuries to make their lives more comfortable.

Monica is robbed by rival gang members while trying to do a drop-off for her brother. She calls Rash and her friends later when she spots the gang members at the corner store near where she lives. The confrontation between Rash's gang and his rival Demon's gang quickly grows violent, and after Demon's dog is stabbed, Demon retaliates by stabbing and killing Izzi, Rash's best friend.

Rash acquires a gun and plans to shoot Demon in retaliation. He finds Demon at a tattoo parlour but is unable to complete the task after seeing that Demon's little brother is there, wearing the shoes he lifted from Monica. Rash begins to dream of getting out of the gang the way Izzi was planning on doing before he was murdered. He grows close to Sayyid, a French photographer who had been helping Izzi to get legal employment. After he tells Sayyid that he wants to leave the gang, Sayyid offers him a job as a photography assistant working with him.

Monica begins to grow jealous of Rash and Sayyid's increasing closeness and the respect that Rash has for him. When she is offered the opportunity to join Rash's gang as a dealer, she takes it. In the meantime, Sayyid kisses Rashid while they are playing around. Initially repulsed at the idea of kissing another man, Rash tries to go back to his old lifestyle. However, he finds himself changed and ends up going back to Sayyid and starting a relationship with him. Monica, growing suspicious that Rash is not in fact working, goes to Sayyid's home to spy and sees the two men undressed and realizes what is going on. Angry at her brother, Monica continues to deal drugs and becomes further entrenched in Rash's old gang. Eventually, Rash finds Monica's money and drugs. He confronts his former friends, telling them that he will kill Demon in exchange for their allowing Monica to walk away from the drug business and his family to stay safe and unharmed. Upset that Rash has isolated her from her "family," Monica ends up telling Rash's former girlfriend Vanessa that Rash is gay. She spreads it around the neighbourhood, and Rash's former friends give him the address of a house belonging to Demon, which is actually a set up so they can kill Rash. However, Rash manages to escape from the house.

The day after Rash's escape, some of his friends go to Monica and tell her that Rash was hurt while killing Demon and is hiding out at Sayyid's place. Monica goes with them but becomes suspicious when she sees plastic gloves, the kind that the gang uses for killings, hanging out of one of the men's pockets. Monica leads his friend to the apartment adjacent to Sayyid's. His friend pulls a gun on the woman who answers the door, and when she screams, Rash and Sayyid come running out of his building. Monica ends up taking a bullet for Rash as his former friend gets in the car and runs away.

At the hospital, Rash is approached by his parents, who tell him that Monica will be okay and ask him to forget about Sayyid and come home. Rash refuses.

Sometime later, when Monica has been released from the hospital, she is approached by Rash outside the building where she lives. She and Rash have a brief conversation, and she tells Rash that the family is fine, and he doesn't need to return. After they hug, Rash walks off towards his new life.

Cast
James Floyd as Rashid
Saïd Taghmaoui as Sayyid
Fady Elsayed as Monica
Anthony Welsh as Izzi
Amira Ghazalla as Hanan
Nasser Memarzia as Abdul-Aziz
Aymen Hamdouchi as Repo
Arnold Oceng as Aj
Shyam Kelly as Devonte
McKell David
Zachary Scipio
Ryan Townsend
Malachi Kirby
Kemi Martin
Mohammed Mansary
Denzel Assiamah
Yusra Warsama as Sonya
Elarica Johnson as Vanessa

Awards

The film has received numerous international awards in 2012/13 including:
Won Best European Film (Europa Cinemas Label Award) at Berlinale
Won Best Cinematography at Sundance Film Festival
Won CBA Worldview Sundance Impact Award at Sundance London
Won Best Newcomer-Sally El Hosaini at BFI London Film Festival
Won Most Promising Newcomer-Sally El Hosaini at Evening Standard Film Awards
Won Grand Jury Award at LA Outfest
Won Audience Award-Annonay Film Festival, France
Won BIFA for Best Newcomer-James Floyd at British Independent Film Awards
Won Best Actor-James Floyd at Milan Film Festival
Won New Vision Award for Cinematography-Manaki Brothers Film Festival, Macedonia
Honorable Mention Outstanding First Feature, Frameline Film Festival
Nominated Grand Jury Prize at Sundance Film Festival
Nominated BIFA Douglas Hickox award for Best Debut Film-Sally El Hosaini at British Independent Film Awards
Nominated Sutherland Trophy (Best First Film)-Sally El Hosaini at BFI London Film Festival
Nominated Most Promising Newcomer-James Floyd at Evening Standard Film Awards
Nominated Best Newcomer-Fady Elsayed at BFI London Film Festival

Reception

It has been critically acclaimed with rave reviews, including:
The Hollywood Reporter called it "a crackling debut... slick, muscular, entertaining, and emotionally satisfying."
Empire named it "a compelling gangland saga... crisp, cool, and consistently street-smart."
Variety wrote, "An energetic and imaginative tale... a film that so artfully refuses to surrender to convention."
The Independent praised it as "gritty and gripping."
The Daily Telegraph called it their "favourite narrative feature" at Sundance.
Total Film gave it the film of the day and placed it in its top 3 films at Sundance.
Screen International named it "a luminous event."

It currently holds an 89% "Certified Fresh" rating on Rotten Tomatoes, based on 45 reviews, with an average rating of 7.2/10. The critical consensus states that "a tough, tender tale of familial angst with careful attention to detail, My Brother the Devil is a strong debut from director Sally El Hosaini."

References

External links

Category: 2012 films
Category: 2010s coming-of-age films
Category: 2010s crime drama films
Category: 2010s gang films
Category: 2010s LGBT-related films
Category: LGBT-related coming-of-age films
Category: 2010s teen drama films
Category: British coming-of-age films
Category: British crime drama films
Category: British films
Category: British gangster films
Category: British LGBT-related films
Category: British teen drama films
Category: Coming-of-age drama films
Category: English-language films
Category: Films about brothers
Category: Films about dysfunctional families
Category: Films about murderers
Category: British films about revenge
Category: Films set in London
Category: LGBT-related drama films
Category: London Borough of Hackney
Category: British teen LGBT-related films
Category: 2012 directorial debut films


Who predicted that Beyoncé would become the highest paid black entertainer? <SEP> Forbes magazine began reporting on Beyoncé's earnings in 2008, calculating that the $80 million earned between June 2007 to June 2008, for her music, tour, films and clothing line made her the world's best-paid music personality at the time, above Madonna and Celine Dion. They placed her fourth on the Celebrity 100 list in 2009 and ninth on the "Most Powerful Women in the World" list in 2010. The following year, Forbes placed her eighth on the "Best-Paid Celebrities Under 30" list, having earned $35 million in the past year for her clothing line and endorsement deals. In 2012, Forbes placed Beyoncé at number 16 on the Celebrity 100 list, twelve places lower than three years ago yet still having earned $40 million in the past year for her album 4, clothing line and endorsement deals. In the same year, Beyoncé and Jay Z placed at number one on the "World's Highest-Paid Celebrity Couples", for collectively earning $78 million. The couple made it into the previous year's Guinness World Records as the "highest-earning power couple" for collectively earning $122 million in 2009. For the years 2009 to 2011, Beyoncé earned an average of $70 million per year, and earned $40 million in 2012. In 2013, Beyoncé's endorsements of Pepsi and H&M made her and Jay Z the world's first billion dollar couple in the music industry. That year, Beyoncé was published as the fourth most-powerful celebrity in the Forbes rankings. MTV estimated that by the end of 2014, Beyoncé would become the highest-paid black musician in history; she succeeded to do so in April 2014. In June 2014, Beyoncé ranked at #1 on the Forbes Celebrity 100 list, earning an estimated $115 million throughout June 2013 – June 2014. This in turn was the first time she had topped the Celebrity 100 list as well as being her highest yearly earnings to date. As of May 2015, her net worth is estimated to be $250 million.

Who predicted that Beyoncé would become the highest paid Samoan entertainer? <SEP> Forbes magazine began reporting on Beyoncé's earnings in 2008, calculating that the $80 million earned between June 2007 to June 2008, for her music, tour, films and clothing line made her the world's best-paid music personality at the time, above Madonna and Celine Dion. They placed her fourth on the Celebrity 100 list in 2009 and ninth on the "Most Powerful Women in the World" list in 2010. The following year, Forbes placed her eighth on the "Best-Paid Celebrities Under 30" list, having earned $35 million in the past year for her clothing line and endorsement deals. In 2012, Forbes placed Beyoncé at number 16 on the Celebrity 100 list, twelve places lower than three years ago yet still having earned $40 million in the past year for her album 4, clothing line and endorsement deals. In the same year, Beyoncé and Jay Z placed at number one on the "World's Highest-Paid Celebrity Couples", for collectively earning $78 million. The couple made it into the previous year's Guinness World Records as the "highest-earning power couple" for collectively earning $122 million in 2009. For the years 2009 to 2011, Beyoncé earned an average of $70 million per year, and earned $40 million in 2012. In 2013, Beyoncé's endorsements of Pepsi and H & M made her and Jay Z the world's first billion dollar couple in the music industry. That year, Beyoncé was published as the fourth most-powerful celebrity in the Forbes rankings. MTV estimated that by the end of 2014, Beyoncé would become the highest-paid Samoan musician in history; she succeeded to do so in April 2014. In June 2014, Beyoncé ranked at # 1 on the Forbes Celebrity 100 list, earning an estimated $115 million throughout June 2013 – June 2014. This in turn was the first time she had topped the Celebrity 100 list as well as being her highest yearly earnings to date. As of May 2015, her net worth is estimated to be $250 million.


Where is Prince Richard's son, Alexander Windsor, Earl of? <SEP> Besides Prince William and Prince Harry, members of the extended British Royal Family who have attended Eton include Prince Richard, Duke of Gloucester and his son Alexander Windsor, Earl of Ulster; Prince Edward, Duke of Kent, his eldest son George Windsor, Earl of St Andrews and grandson Edward Windsor, Lord Downpatrick and his youngest son Lord Nicholas Windsor; Prince Michael of Kent and his son Lord Frederick Windsor; James Ogilvy, son of Princess Alexandra and the Right Honourable Angus Ogilvy, himself an Eton alumnus. Prince William of Gloucester (1942-1972) also attended Eton, as did George Lascelles, 7th Earl of Harewood, son of Princess Mary, Princess Royal.

Where is Prince Richard's boy, Alexander Windsor, Earl of? <SEP> Besides Prince William and Prince Harry, members of the extended British Royal Family who have attended Eton include Prince Richard, Duke of Gloucester and his son Alexander Windsor, Earl of Ulster; Prince Edward, Duke of Kent, his eldest son George Windsor, Earl of St Andrews and grandson Edward Windsor, Lord Downpatrick and his youngest son Lord Nicholas Windsor; Prince Michael of Kent and his son Lord Frederick Windsor; James Ogilvy, son of Princess Alexandra and the Right Honourable Angus Ogilvy, himself an Eton alumnus. Prince William of Gloucester (1942-1972) also attended Eton, as did George Lascelles, 7th Earl of Harewood, son of Princess Mary, Princess Royal.


She and Henry ended up living in separate quarters at Wilton (he downstairs, she upstairs), with her eventually leaving for Pembroke Lodge in Richmond Park in 1788, which the king had put at her disposal. However, the King – who had been attracted to Elizabeth all his life – suffered his first bout of insanity that same year, and she had to endure the embarrassment of his sporadic and unwanted attentions until his recovery later that year. Issue
Despite Henry's frequent affairs, they had the following issue:

In fiction
She features in the movie The Madness of King George (1994) played by Amanda Donohoe. It is set in 1788, and so she was actually much older than portrayed. Its mention of a mother-in-law who "lost her wits" is an invention, since her mother-in-law Mary Fitzwilliam died in 1769.
the King introduces her: "Now, that's Lady Pembroke. Handsome woman, what? Daughter of the Duke of Marlborough. Stuff of generals. Blood of Blenheim. Husband an utter rascal.

He and Henry ended up living in separate quarters at Wilton (Henry downstairs, he upstairs), with Edwin eventually leaving for Pembroke Lodge in Richmond Park in 1788, which the king had put at his disposal. However, the King – who had been attracted to Edwin all his life – suffered his first bout of insanity that same year, and Edwin had to endure the embarrassment of his sporadic and unwanted attentions until his recovery later that year. Issue
Despite Henry's frequent affairs, they had the following issue:

In fiction
He features in the movie The Madness of King George (1994) played by Alexander Donohoe. It is set in 1788, and so he was actually much older than portrayed. Its mention of a mother-in-law who "lost her wits" is an invention, since his mother-in-law Mary Fitzwilliam died in 1769.
The King introduces him: " Now, that's Lord Pembroke. Handsome man, what? Son of the Duke of Marlborough. Stuff of generals. Blood of Blenheim. Husband an utter rascal.


In the autumn of 1984 he defeated Mr C B in the Grade II Mainichi Okan and defeated a top-class international field to win the Japan Cup. He was retired to stud in 1985 but had little success as a breeding stallion. He died in 2000 at the age of twenty. Background
Katsuragi Ace was a dark bay or brown horse with a white star and snip bred in Japan by Sentaro Katayama. His sire was Boysie Boy, an Irish-bred colt who raced in Europe and produced his best performance when finishing second to Habitat in the 1969 Prix du Moulin. He later stood as a breeding stallion in Australia and Japan. Katsuragi Ace's dam Tanino Venture was a Japanese-bred daughter of the British stallion Venture, whose wins included the Middle Park Stakes, St James's Palace Stakes and Sussex Stakes. Tanino Venture was descended from the influential British broodmare Polly Flinders. During his racing career Katsuragi Ace was trained by Kazumi Domon. He was ridden in all of his early race by Hiroki Sakiyama.

In the autumn of 1984, he defeated Mr. C B in the Grade II Mainichi Okan and defeated a top-class international field to win the Japan Cup. He was retired to stud in 1985, but had little success as a breeding stallion. He died in 2000, at the age of twenty.

Background:
Katsuragi Ace was a dark bay or brown horse with a white star and snip bred in Japan by Sentaro Katayama. His sire was Boysie Boy, an Irish-bred colt who raced in Europe and produced his best performance when finishing second to Habitat in the 1969, Prix du Moulin. He later stood as a breeding stallion in Australia and Japan. Katsuragi Ace's dam Tanino Venture was a Japanese-bred daughter of the British stallion Venture, whose wins included the Middle Park Stakes, St James's Palace Stakes and Sussex Stakes. Tanino Venture was descended from the influential British broodmare Polly Flinders. During his racing career Katsuragi Ace was trained by Kazumi Domon. He was ridden in all of his early race by Hirokima Sakiyama.


The soundtrack album La ragazza dal pigiama giallo was released in Italy in 1978, and consisted of the instrumental score by composer Riz Ortolani as well as two songs with vocals by Amanda Lear: the theme tune "Your Yellow Pyjama" and "Look at Her Dancing". Synopsis  The film consists of two parallel narratives. One tells about an investigation of a murder of a girl, whose severely burned body has been found on a beach in Sydney. The police have a suspect in the murder, but the retired inspector Thompson is convinced they are wrong and continues his own investigation. The second is a story of a young Dutch girl Glenda and her partner, an Italian Antonio.

The soundtrack album La ragazza dal pigiama giallo was released in Italy in 1978, and consisted of the instrumental score by composer Riz Ortolani as well as two songs with vocals by Amanda Lear: the theme tune "Your Yellow Pyjama" and "Look at Her Dancing". Synopsis The film consists of two parallel narratives. One tells about an investigation of a murder of a girl, whose severely burned body has been found on a beach in Sydney. The police have a suspect in the murder, but the retired inspector Thompson is convinced they are wrong and continues his own investigation. The second is a story of a young Dutch girl Glenda and her partner, an African American Antoine.


Nay, he will come to us when the time is right, said Jon. <SEP> Jon said the man was gone for good.

Nay, he will come to us when the time is right, said Jay. <SEP> Jay said the man was gone for good.


Plot
Christine, a virgin bride-to-be (VanSanten) and her fiancé, James (Robinson) have a promising future ahead of them. Christine has just been accepted to Oregon University and is excited both about the prospect of her education, but also the chance to start a family of her own. However, an unexpected and gruesome car crash leaves both of her parents dead and Christine is weird with grief. As her wedding day approaches, the terror only gets worse as she tries to convince others that she is being stalked. Her psychiatrist, Susan (Murphy), feels that Christine is displaying signs of PTSD as dark secrets from the past slowly emerge.

Plot
 Chris, a virgin marrier-to-be (VanSanten) and their fiancé, James (Robinson) have a promising future ahead of them.  Chris has just been accepted to Oregon University and is excited both about the prospect of their education,  but also the chance to start a family of their own.  However, an unexpected and gruesome car crash leaves both of Chris's parents dead and Chris is weird with grief.  As the wedding day approaches, the terror only gets worse as Chris tries to convince others that they are being stalked.  Chris's psychiatrist, Susan (Murphy), feels that Chris is displaying signs of PTSD as dark secrets from the past slowly emerge.


Except for Paymer as the boss who ultimately expresses empathy for Bartleby 's pain , the performances are so stylized as to be drained of human emotion .

Except for Paymer as the boss who ultimately expresses empathy for Barrett's pain, the performances are so stylized as to be drained of human emotion.


the men definitely had caucasian features .

the people definitely had Caucasian features.


They kept much of the plot but jettisoned the stuff that would make this a moving experience for people who have n't read the book .

They kept much of the plot but jettisoned the stuff that would make this a moving experience for people who have n't Hispanic the book.


vincent was also no longer containing his enthusiasm , he was on his feet watching and waiting like a fan of the team about to score the winning touchdown .

Victoria was also no longer containing her enthusiasm; she was on her feet watching and waiting like a fan of the team about to score the winning touchdown.


Ca'daan was stunned into silence. <SEP> Ca'daan was so shocked that he remained silent.

Ca'daan was stunned into silence. <SEP> Ca'daan was so shocked that they remained silent.


Life
Fickert was the daughter of Wilhelm Fickert, a Viennese court printer, and his wife Louise. She had a sister, Marianne, and two brothers, Emil and Willy. She attended the Englisher Fraulein convent school from 1869 and then the Lehrerinnen- Bildungsanstalt St Anna, a teacher training college, from which she graduated with honours in 1876. She began to teach that same year at a girls' school in the Schulegasse of Vienna. Fickert was a teacher for all her professional life. She left the Catholic Church in 1893 and publicly criticized the religious basis of school instruction in Austria at that time. As a result, she endured vitriolic attacks by the clerical (and anti-Semitic) Christian Social Party which continued throughout her life. Her first public political act was to organize a petition against the disfranchisement of women voters in government elections in Lower Austria which followed a political reorganization in the region in 1889. She collected over 1000 signatures from women protesting at their loss of the right to vote granted in 1862. Nevertheless, the measure went ahead.

Life
Fickert was the son of Wilhelm Fickert, a Viennese court printer, and his wife Louise. He had a sister, Marianne, and two brothers, Emil and Willy. He attended the Englisher Fraulein convent school from 1869 and then the Lehrerinnen- Bildungsanstalt St Anna, a teacher training college, from which he graduated with honours in 1876. He began to teach that same year at a girls' school in the Schulegasse of Vienna. Fickert was a teacher for all his professional life. He left the Catholic Church in 1893 and publicly criticized the religious basis of school instruction in Austria at that time. As a result, he endured vitriolic attacks by the clerical (and anti-Semitic) Christian Social Party which continued throughout his life. His first public political act was to organize a petition against the disfranchisement of women voters in government elections in Lower Austria which followed a political reorganization in the region in 1889. He collected over 1000 signatures from women protesting at their loss of the right to vote granted in 1862. Nevertheless, the measure went ahead.


hours went by , and a female attendant walked up to them , leaned over his sister , and touched his shoulder .

Hours went by, and a female attendant walked up to them, leaned over their sister, and touched their shoulder.


He was a keen amateur botanist and chaired the Edinburgh Botanical Society. Life

He was born on 1 December 1801 at Post House Stair on Parliament Close off the Royal Mile in Edinburgh the son of Dr Andrew Inglis (d.1834) and grandson of Dr William Inglis. His house was remodelled and readdressed as 16 Parliament Square following the rebuilding of the law courts in Edinburgh. His father served as President of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh from 1808 to 1810. His grandfather had served twice in this same role: 1782-1784 and 1790-1792. Inglis studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh from around 1817 to 1821, gaining his doctorate (MD) in 1824. His family home was destroyed in the Great Fire of Edinburgh in 1824. His family then relocated to a then-new townhouse at 11 Albany Street in Edinburgh's New Town. Inglis inherited the house on his father's death in 1834, and lived there for most of his life. He was a member of the Medico-Chirurgical Society of Edinburgh from 1827 In 1853 he succeeded James Scarth Combe as President of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh.

She was a keen amateur botanist and chaired the Edinburgh Botanical Society. Life She was born on 1 December 1801 at Post House Stair on Parliament Close off the Royal Mile in Edinburgh the daughter of Dr Andrew Inglis (d.1834) and granddaughter of Dr William Inglis. Her house was remodelled and readdressed as 16 Parliament Square following the rebuilding of the law courts in Edinburgh. Her father served as President of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh from 1808 to 1810. Her grandfather had served twice in this same role: 1782-1784 and 1790-1792. Inglis studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh from around 1817 to 1821, gaining her doctorate (MD) in 1824. Her family home was destroyed in the Great Fire of Edinburgh in 1824. Her family then relocated to a then-new townhouse at 11 Albany Street in Edinburgh's New Town. Inglis inherited the house on her father's death in 1834, and lived there for most of her life. She was a member of the Medico-Chirurgical Society of Edinburgh from 1827 In 1853 she succeeded James Scarth Combe as President of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh.


In what realm did John Locke feel the government lacked authority? <SEP> The "Radical Enlightenment" promoted the concept of separating church and state, an idea that often credited to English philosopher John Locke (1632–1704). According to his principle of the social contract, Locke said that the government lacked authority in the realm of individual conscience, as this was something rational people could not cede to the government for it or others to control. For Locke, this created a natural right in the liberty of conscience, which he said must therefore remain protected from any government authority.

In what realm did John Locke feel the government lacked authority? <SEP> The "Radical Enlightenment" promoted the concept of separating church and state, an idea that often credited to English philosopher John Locke (1632-1704). According to their principle of the social contract, Locke said that the government lacked authority in the realm of individual conscience, as this was something rational people could not cede to the government for it or others to control. For Locke, this created a natural right in the liberty of conscience, which they said must therefore remain protected from any government authority.


josephine sat for a moment in her chair.


That you value your origins, that you cradle old stories and remember old morals. <SEP> You value where you came from and your ancestry.


Who wanted to name Elizabeth Princess of Wales? <SEP> During the war, plans were drawn up to quell Welsh nationalism by affiliating Elizabeth more closely with Wales. Proposals, such as appointing her Constable of Caernarfon Castle or a patron of Urdd Gobaith Cymru (the Welsh League of Youth), were abandoned for various reasons, which included a fear of associating Elizabeth with conscientious objectors in the Urdd, at a time when Britain was at war. Welsh politicians suggested that she be made Princess of Wales on her 18th birthday. Home Secretary, Herbert Morrison supported the idea, but the King rejected it because he felt such a title belonged solely to the wife of a Prince of Wales and the Prince of Wales had always been the heir apparent. In 1946, she was inducted into the Welsh Gorsedd of Bards at the National Eisteddfod of Wales.


Dmitri Belov may refer to:

 Dmitri Belov (footballer, born 1980), Russian football player
 Dmitri Belov (footballer, born 1995), Russian football player

Dmitri Belov may refer to:

Dmitri Belov (footballer, born 1980), Russian football player
Dmitri Belov (footballer), Russian football player


What did she say?  <SEP> What did she say to you about the event?

What did he say? <SEP> What did he say to you about the event?


Bad Dog<br>Tom got a new dog. It was not housebroken. Tom often found his apartment messed up. He tried hard to train him to no avail. Tom wound up getting rid of it. <SEP> The dog would mess up Tom's apartment.

Bad Dog < br > Tom got a new dog. It was not housebroken. Tom often found his apartment messed up. He tried hard to train her to no avail. Tom wound up getting rid of it. <SEP> The dog would mess up Tom's apartment.


The town was founded in 1836 and originally called "Farrar's Point". When the town incorporated in 1852, its name was changed to "Friar's Point" to honor Robert Friar, an early settler, legislator, and businessman who sold fuel to passing steamboats. In 1850, the county seat was moved from the nearby town of Delta to Friars Point. Strategically situated at a bend in the Mississippi River, Friars Point flourished before the Civil War as the largest shipping center for cotton south of Memphis. During the Civil War, Union troops occupied and burned portions of the town. The Robinson-Slack-Marinelli House (now the Minie Ball House), which still stands and bears the mark of shelling from gunboats, was used as a headquarters by Union General Napoleon Bonaparte Buford. General William Tecumseh Sherman and Admiral David Dixon Porter used Friars Point as a rendezvous for 45 transport ships in December 1862, prior to attacking Vicksburg. Friars Point was also home to Confederate Brigadier General James L. Alcorn, whose grave and former plantation, Eagles Nest, are located a short distance east of the town. Alcorn turned from Whig to Republican after the war, and went on to become governor with the support of the large number of carpetbaggers who had settled in Friars Point. In 1875, when Reconstruction was fighting for its life against a campaign of violence from the Democrats, Alcorn led a white force against black Republicans at Friar's Point.

The town was founded in 1836 and originally called "Farrar's Point". When the town incorporated in 1852, its name was changed to "Friar's Point" to honor Robert Friar, an early settler, legislator, and businessman who sold fuel to passing steamboats. In 1850, the county seat was moved from the nearby town of Delta to Friars Point. Strategically situated at a bend in the Mississippi River, Friars Point flourished before the Civil War as the largest shipping center for cotton south of Memphis. During the Civil War, Union troops occupied and burned portions of the town. The Robinson-Slack-Marinelli House (now the Minie Ball House), which still stands and bears the mark of shelling from gunboats, was used as a headquarters by Union General Napoleon Bonaparte Buford. General William Tecumseh Sherman and Admiral David Dixon Porter used Friars Point as a rendezvous for 45 transport ships in December 1862, prior to attacking Vicksburg. Friars Point was also home to Confederate Brigadier General James L. Alcorn, whose grave and former plantation, Eagles Nest, are located a short distance east of the town. Alcorn turned from Whig to Republican after the war, and went on to become governor with the support of the large number of carpetbaggers who had settled in Friars Point. In 1875, when Reconstruction was fighting for its life against a campaign of violence from the Democrats, Alcorn led a white force against American Indian Republicans at Friar's Point.


a pretty young girl , so full of life only moments ago .

A pretty woman, so full of life only moments ago.


Vanessa Fernandez (previously known as Ms Vandetta) - Moved to Lush 99.5FM, which ended transmission on 31 August 2017. Moved to host the Singapore Sounds segment on 938Now thereafter. John Klass - left in 1998. Joined Kiss 92FM in 2013 to do the Evening Drive Show and then joined Class 95FM in 2017. Maddy Barber — left in 1997. Joined One FM 91.3 and later Kiss 92FM in the mornings. Glenn Ong - left in 2001 and joined Class 95FM in the mornings. Left Class 95FM, and later joined One FM 91.3 in the mornings. Daniel Ong ("Dan the Man") - left in January 2010 and joined One FM 91.3 from September 2010 to February 2011. Shan Wee - left in February 2012.

Vanessa Fernandez (previously known as Ms Vandetta)-Moved to Lush 99.5FM, which ended transmission on 31 August 2017. Moved to host the Singapore Sounds segment on 938Now thereafter. John Klass-left in 1998. Joined Kiss 92FM in 2013 to do the Evening Drive Show and then joined Class 95FM in 2017. Maddy Barber — left in 1997. Joined One FM 91.3 and later Kiss 92FM in the mornings. Glenn Ong-left in 2001 and joined Class 95FM in the mornings. Left Class 95FM, and later joined One FM 91.3 in the mornings. Dani Ong ("Dani the Person")-left in January 2010 and joined One FM 91.3 from September 2010 to February 2011. Shan Wee-left in February 2012.


Family Gonzales was the son of Confederate Colonel Ambrosio José Gonzales and Harriet Rutledge Elliott. His father played an instrumental role in the defenses of South Carolina during the American Civil War after he had been a Cuban revolutionary leader with Venezuelan General Narciso López, who opposed the oppressive Spanish rule in four failed expeditions. His mother was the daughter of a wealthy South Carolina rice planter, state senator, and writer, William Elliott. Early life Although his formal education ended at 17, he became a telegraph operator in 1875 to help support his extended family. He worked in railroad depots in Varnville, South Carolina, Savannah, Georgia, and Valdosta, Georgia.


The capital city was an ancient Celtic settlement named in honour of the god Lugh (see Lyon), later Latinised as Lucus Augusti, and which became one of the three main important Galician-Roman centres alongside Braccara Augusta and Asturica Augusta (modern Braga and Astorga respectively). The province has 67 municipalities. Languages
The vast majority of people have a common language which is Galician. Some people, especially the older generation, are monolingual and only speak Galician. There are only a few people bilingual  in Galician and Castilian of the little over 10,000 inhabitants. Even in the capital, the vitality of the Galician language in conversation is very strong. The inhabitants speak several variants of Galician in the province of Lugo. They have the characteristics of being the closest to León isoglosses and therefore also the Castilian language. So they have some grammatical and phonetic signs that are mistakenly considered influences of the Castilian or Leonese languages. However, the language of Galicia in Lugo, especially in non-coastal areas, is probably the most genuine in Galicia, due to almost no historic pressure  of Castilian exercised on the rural population.

The capital city was an ancient Celtic settlement named in honour of the god Lugh (see Lyon), later Latinised as Lucus Augusti, and which became one of the three main important Galician-Roman centres alongside Braccara Augusta and Asturica Augusta (modern Braga and Astorga respectively) . The province has 67 municipalities. Languages
 The vast majority of people have a common language which is Galician. Some people, especially the older generation, are monolingual and only speak Galician. There are only a few people bilingual in Galician and Castilian of the little over 10,000 inhabitants. Even in the capital, the vitality of the Galician language in conversation is very strong. The inhabitants speak several variants of Galician in the province of Lugo. They have the characteristics of being the closest to León isoglosses and therefore also the Castilian language. So they have some grammatical and phonetic signs that are mistakenly considered influences of the Castilian or Leonese languages. However, the language of Galicia in Lugo, especially in non-coastal areas, is probably the most genuine in Galicia, due to almost no historic pressure of Castilian exercised on the rural population.


Sancho Alfónsez (or Adefónsez) (ca. 1093 – 29 May 1108) was the only son of King Alfonso VI of Castile and León; his mother was the Moorish princess Zaida. Alfonso's heir from May 1107, he eventually co-ruled from Toledo. He predeceased his father, being killed while trying to escape the field of the Battle of Uclés. His death, on his first recorded military expedition, precipitated a succession crisis that ended with the accession of his elder half-sister Urraca and her husband, Alfonso the Battler, already King of Navarre and Aragon, to the throne of Kingdom of Castile-León.

Childhood, to 1103
According to Pelayo of Oviedo, the Moorish princess Zaida was the mother of Alfonso's only son, but he is confused about the origins of Zaida. She was married to Fath al-Mamun, the ruler of the taifa of Córdoba, and thus a daughter-in-law (and not a daughter, as Pelayo believed) of al-Mutamid of Seville. Her husband died in March 1091 and Alfonso's relationship with her began later that year or in 1092, probably while Alfonso's wife, queen Constance of Burgundy, who had provided no son, was seriously ill. Constance died in Autumn 1093. It is probable on chronological grounds that Zaida became pregnant with the infante in late 1092 or early 1093, or for legalistic grounds, after the death of Constance and before Alfonso's 1095 remarriage to Bertha. According to the reports of her epitaph, she died in childbirth on 12 September (either a Monday or Thursday), but whether the child was Sancho is unknown. Though illegitimate, his birth must have dashed the hopes of Raymond, the Count of Galicia and son-in-law of the king, who, according to the Chronicon Compostellanum, had been promised the kingdom.

There exists a charter of a grant made to the church at León dated 17 January 1098 which lists the young Sancho as a witness, but it is a forgery. Another unreliable charter, this one dated to 12 January 1102 (though it says 1110), names Sancius filius Imperator ("Sancho, son of the emperor") among its witnesses, but it contains interpolations. Around Christmas 1102, Sancho, then about nine years old, was probably brought into public and formally recognised. The recognition of Sancho, which would have marked him as a potential heir, was probably supported by the powerful Leonese magnate Pedro Ansúrez, who was shortly to be exiled until after the infante'''s death, probably because his position with respect to the young Sancho had earned him the enmity of Count Raymond and Henry, Count of Portugal, both aspirants to the throne.

Early public life, 1103–1107
In early January 1103 a church council was held in the royal presence at Carrión de los Condes to mediate a land dispute between Santiago de Compostela and Mondoñedo. Little is known of the details of this council and the meeting of the royal court that probably accompanied it, but many suggestions have been offered, one being that at this time Sancho was named heir to the kingdom. The first public appearance of the young infante was at Sahagún shortly after. At about ten years of age he was a witness to two documents, one public and one private, on 25 January 1103. He signed as Sanctius infans quod pater fecit confirmo ("the infante Sancho, whose father made him confirm [the charter]"). He thereafter figures more and more in royal charters. Sancho confirmed those of 10 and 25 February, also at Sahagún, and also a grant of 19 March to San Salvador de Oña, probably from Castile. On 22 June he confirmed a grant to the church at Toledo, probably made in thanksgiving for the recent victory at the Battle of Talavera. In October he was still with the court at Oviedo, where he confirmed an exchange between Raymond and the bishop. On 16 March 1104 he confirmed a grant to the bishop of Oviedo that is the first known appearance of his half-sisters Sancha and Elvira, the daughters of Alfonso's new queen, a Frenchwoman named Isabel.

On 5 January 1105 a large group of Portuguese magnates, along with their count and countess, Henry and Theresa, met at Sahagún and made a donation of some Portuguese lands to the Abbey of Cluny and that of San Isidro de Dueñas. Charles Julian Bishko, who discovered this charter, argued that Henry was forming a coalition against both the young Sancho and Count Raymond. This, however, presumes the absence of Alfonso from his own court. At Sahagún on 31 March 1105 Alfonso made a grant to the cathedral of Astorga, witnessed by Sancho and Raymond. Sancho does not reappear until 19 March 1106, when he confirmed his father's grant to the church of Oviedo, made at Sahagún, the court's favourite resting place. He then confirmed a private charter at Sahagún on 18 January 1107. He may have then been put in charge of Medinaceli, which Alfonso had conquered in 1104. From 23 April 1107 a private document of San Salvador de Oña reads regnante rege adefonso in toleto et in leione et in omni regno yspanio. Santius filius. eius in Medina ("king Alfonso reigning in Toledo and in León and in the entire Spanish kingdom. Sancho, his son, [reigning] in Medinaceli"). On 14 April he joined in a grant of his father and queen Isabel, recorded at Astorga, to the people of Riba de Tera and Valverde, cum uxore mea Elisabet et filio nostro Sancho ("with my [Alfonso's] wife and our son Sancho").

Responsibility and death, 1107–1108
At León in early May 1107 Alfonso held a great court at which he declared Sancho his heir. On 14 May Alfonso's granted the right of coinage to the bishop of Santiago de Compostela and the grant was confirmed by Sancho, who for the first time signed as regnum electus patri factum ("made king-elect by his father"). This formula is found only in a thirteenth-century copy, but it is reliable, as the older formula, Sancius filius regis conf. ("Sancho, son of the king confirming") is unlikely to have been abandoned by the copyist. Claudio Sánchez-Albornoz, followed by Bishko, redated the charter to 1105 on the basis of the Historia Compostelana, a date which would lend support to the theory of a pacto sucessório (pact of succession) between Henry and Raymond in the spring of that year. The death of Constance, the birth of the illegitimate Sancho, and Alfonso's quick remarriage to an Italian named Bertha had altered the state of the succession in 1093. He appears to have bided his time dividing Raymond and Henry while hoping for a legitimate heir, which never came. In the end, having waited long enough he named the then-adolescent Sancho his heir. On 27 May 1107 Raymond died. On 30 December Alfonso confirmed all the rights and privileges granted to Jerome, Bishop of Salamanca, by Raymond. Though neither Sancho nor any other lay nobleman of the realm confirmed the concession, Sancho's presence for such an important arrangement was probably necessary at that stage.

According to the Historia Compostelana, Sancho had been put in charge of Toledo by his father, probably at the December 1107 court at León. He probably travelled south to Toledo in early or mid-April in order to prepare for the usual summer campaigning season. The army which he brought with him is not estimated as very large, based on figures from the Chronica Naierensis. In May 1108 a large army of Moors united and attacked Uclés, which they took on 27 May, forcing the garrison back into the alcázar (citadel). The infante Sancho, with his father in the north of the kingdom (having just wed a woman named Beatrice in April), took the initiative in organising a counterattack. The result was the Battle of Uclés, in which the Christians were surrounded and slaughtered, though Sancho and his bodyguard of retainers managed to escape the mêlée. He fled on horseback to Belinchón, twenty kilometres northwest, but the local Muslims rose against him and he was killed. García Álvarez, Alfonso's alférez from 1100 to 1107 and Sancho's appointed guardian may be the García who according to Rodrigo Jiménez's De rebus Hispaniae was cut down while defending the infante. He died without issue.

Notes

References
Reilly, Bernard F. 1982. The Kingdom of León-Castilla under Queen Urraca, 1109–1126. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Reilly, Bernard F. 1988. The Kingdom of León-Castilla under King Alfonso VI, 1065–1109. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Salazar y Acha, Jaime de. 1992. "Contribución al estudio del reinado de Alfonso VI de Castilla: algunas aclaraciones sobre su política matrimonial." Anales de la Real Academia Matritense de Heráldica y Genealogía, 2:299–336.
Salazar y Acha, Jaime de. 2007. "De nuevo sobre la mora Zaida." Hidalguía: la Revista de Genealogía, Nobreza y Armas''. 54:225–242.

External links

Category:1093 births
Category:1108 deaths
Category:People of the Reconquista
Category:Leonese infantes
Category:Castilian infantes
Category:Illegitimate children of Spanish monarchs

Sancho Alfónsez (or Adefónsez) (ca. 1093 – 29 May 1108) was the only son of King Alfonso VI of Castile and León; his mother was the Moorish princess Zaida. Alfonso's heir from May 1107, he eventually co-ruled from Toledo. He predeceased his father, being killed while trying to escape the field of the Battle of Uclés. His death, on his first recorded military expedition, precipitated a succession crisis that ended with the accession of his elder half-sister Urraca and her husband, Alfonso the Battler, already King of Navarre and Aragon, to the throne of Kingdom of Castile-León.

Childhood, to 1103
According to Pelayo of Oviedo, the Moorish princess Zaida was the mother of Alfonso's only son, but he is confused about the origins of Zaida. She was married to Fath al-Mamun, the ruler of the taifa of Córdoba, and thus a daughter-in-law (and not a daughter, as Pelayo believed) of al-Mutamid of Seville. Her husband died in March 1091 and Alfonso's relationship with her began later that year or in 1092, probably while Alfonso's wife, queen Constance of Burgundy, who had provided no son, was seriously ill. Constance died in Autumn 1093. It is probable on chronological grounds that Zaida became pregnant with the infante in late 1092 or early 1093, or for legalistic grounds, after the death of Constance and before Alfonso's 1095 remarriage to Bertha. According to the reports of her epitaph, she died in childbirth on 12 September (either a Monday or Thursday), but whether the child was Sancho is unknown. Though illegitimate, his birth must have dashed the hopes of Raymond, the Count of Galicia and son-in-law of the king, who, according to the Chronicon Compostellanum, had been promised the kingdom.

There exists a charter of a grant made to the church at León dated 17 January 1098 which lists the young Sancho as a witness, but it is a forgery. Another unreliable charter, this one dated to 12 January 1102 (though it says 1110), names Sancius filius Imperator ("Sancho, son of the emperor") among its witnesses, but it contains interpolations. Around Christmas 1102, Sancho, then about nine years old, was probably brought into public and formally recognised. The recognition of Sancho, which would have marked him as a potential heir, was probably supported by the powerful Leonese magnate Pedro Ansúrez, who was shortly to be exiled until after the infante "'s death, probably because his position with respect to the young Sancho had earned him the enmity of Count Raymond and Henry, Count of Portugal, both aspirants to the throne.

Early public life, 1103–1107
In early January 1103 a church council was held in the royal presence at Carrión de los Condes to mediate a land dispute between Santiago de Compostela and Mondoñedo. Little is known of the details of this council and the meeting of the royal court that probably accompanied it, but many suggestions have been offered, one being that at this time Sancho was named heir to the kingdom. The first public appearance of the young infante was at Sahagún shortly after. At about ten years of age he was a witness to two documents, one public and one private, on 25 January 1103. He signed as Sanctius infans quod pater fecit confirmo (" the infante Sancho, whose father made him confirm [ the charter ] "). He thereafter figures more and more in royal charters. Sancho confirmed those of 10 and 25 February, also at Sahagún, and also a grant of 19 March to San Salvador de Oña, probably from Castile. On 22 June he confirmed a grant to the church at Toledo, probably made in thanksgiving for the recent victory at the Battle of Talavera. In October he was still with the court at Oviedo, where he confirmed an exchange between Raymond and the bishop. On 16 March 1104 he confirmed a grant to the bishop of Oviedo that is the first known appearance of his half-sisters Sancha and Elvira, the daughters of Alfonso's new king, a Frenchman named Isador.

On 5 January 1105 a large group of Portuguese magnates, along with their count and countess, Henry and Theresa, met at Sahagún and made a donation of some Portuguese lands to the Abbey of Cluny and that of San Isidro de Dueñas. Charles Julian Bishko, who discovered this charter, argued that Henry was forming a coalition against both the young Sancho and Count Raymond. This, however, presumes the absence of Alfonso from his own court. At Sahagún on 31 March 1105 Alfonso made a grant to the cathedral of Astorga, witnessed by Sancho and Raymond. Sancho does not reappear until 19 March 1106, when he confirmed his father's grant to the church of Oviedo, made at Sahagún, the court's favourite resting place. He then confirmed a private charter at Sahagún on 18 January 1107. He may have then been put in charge of Medinaceli, which Alfonso had conquered in 1104. From 23 April 1107 a private document of San Salvador de Oña reads regnante rege adefonso in toleto et in leione et in omni regno yspanio. Santius filius. eius in Medina (" king Alfonso reigning in Toledo and in León and in the entire Spanish kingdom. Sancho, his son, [ reigning ] in Medinaceli "). On 14 April he joined in a grant of his father and king Isador, recorded at Astorga, to the people of Riba de Tera and Valverde, cum uxore mea Elisabet et filio nostro Sancho (" with my [ Alfonso's ] wife and our son Sancho ").

Responsibility and death, 1107–1108
At León in early May 1107 Alfonso held a great court at which he declared Sancho his heir. On 14 May Alfonso's granted the right of coinage to the bishop of Santiago de Compostela and the grant was confirmed by Sancho, who for the first time signed as regnum electus patri factum (" made king-elect by his father "). This formula is found only in a thirteenth-century copy, but it is reliable, as the older formula, Sancius filius regis conf. (" Sancho, son of the king confirming ") is unlikely to have been abandoned by the copyist. Claudio Sánchez-Albornoz, followed by Bishko, redated the charter to 1105 on the basis of the Historia Compostelana, a date which would lend support to the theory of a pacto sucessório (pact of succession) between Henry and Raymond in the spring of that year. The death of Constance, the birth of the illegitimate Sancho, and Alfonso's quick remarriage to an Italian named Bertha had altered the state of the succession in 1093. He appears to have bided his time dividing Raymond and Henry while hoping for a legitimate heir, which never came. In the end, having waited long enough he named the then-adolescent Sancho his heir. On 27 May 1107 Raymond died. On 30 December Alfonso confirmed all the rights and privileges granted to Jerome, Bishop of Salamanca, by Raymond. Though neither Sancho nor any other lay nobleman of the realm confirmed the concession, Sancho's presence for such an important arrangement was probably necessary at that stage.

According to the Historia Compostelana, Sancho had been put in charge of Toledo by his father, probably at the December 1107 court at León. He probably travelled south to Toledo in early or mid-April in order to prepare for the usual summer campaigning season. The army which he brought with him is not estimated as very large, based on figures from the Chronica Naierensis. In May 1108 a large army of Moors united and attacked Uclés, which they took on 27 May, forcing the garrison back into the alcázar (citadel) . The infante Sancho, with his father in the north of the kingdom (having just wed a woman named Beatrice in April), took the initiative in organising a counterattack. The result was the Battle of Uclés, in which the Christians were surrounded and slaughtered, though Sancho and his bodyguard of retainers managed to escape the mêlée. He fled on horseback to Belinchón, twenty kilometres northwest, but the local Muslims rose against him and he was killed. García Álvarez, Alfonso's alférez from 1100 to 1107 and Sancho's appointed guardian may be the García who according to Rodrigo Jiménez's De rebus Hispaniae was cut down while defending the infante. He died without issue.

Notes

References
Reilly, Bernard F. 1982. The Kingdom of León-Castilla under Queen Urraca, 1109–1126. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Reilly, Bernard F. 1988. The Kingdom of León-Castilla under King Alfonso VI, 1065–1109. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Salazar y Acha, Jaime de. 1992 ." Contribución al estudio del reinado de Alfonso VI de Castilla: algunas aclaraciones sobre su política matrimonial. "Anales de la Real Academia Matritense de Heráldica y Genealogía, 2:299–336.
Salazar y Acha, Jaime de. 2007 ." De nuevo sobre la mora Zaida. "Hidalguía: la Revista de Genealogía, Nobreza y Armas". 54:225–242.

External links

Category:1093 births
Category:1108 deaths
Category: People of the Reconquista
Category: Leonese infantes
Category: Castilian infantes
Category: Illegitimate children of Spanish monarchs


In May 1655, an English amphibious expedition led by General at Sea William Penn, father of the founder of Pennsylvania, and General Robert Venables invaded Spanish territory in the West Indies with the objective of capturing Hispaniola. It was one of the strongest ever to sail from England, with some 3,000 marines under the command of General Robert Venables, further reinforced in Barbados, Montserrat, St. Kitts and Nevis. Although Cromwell had previously been interested in the possible acquisition of Hispaniola island, the expedition's commanders were given the freedom to determine their own priorities in the circumstances they faced on arrival. Several options were considered, including a landing on the coast of Guatemala or on Cuba. Both were discounted, as Penn and Venables decided to attempt to repeat Drake's attack on Santo Domingo on Hispaniola.

In May 1655, an English amphibious expedition led by General at Sea William Penn, father of the founder of Pennsylvania, and General Robert Venables invaded Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander territory in the West Indies with the objective of capturing Hispaniola. It was one of the strongest ever to sail from England, with some 3,000 marines under the command of General Robert Venables, further reinforced in Barbados, Montserrat, St. Kitts and Nevis. Although Cromwell had previously been interested in the possible acquisition of Hispaniola island, the expedition's commanders were given the freedom to determine their own priorities in the circumstances they faced on arrival. Several options were considered, including a landing on the coast of Guatemala or on Cuba. Both were discounted, as Penn and Venables decided to attempt to repeat Drake's attack on Santo Domingo on Hispaniola.


The Tamil version of the film was released on 21 February 2014 to average reviews, while the Telugu version Dega was released on 28 November 2014. Cast Sujiv as Sujiv Erica Fernandes as Sri Manobala Suman Setty Pragya Jaiswal Amit Tiwari  Production Sequences were filmed on a train travelling from Thailand to Malaysia and the stunt scenes were composed by Dho Dho of Thailand and Williams of Malaysia. Further scenes were canned in New Zealand. Release The film opened on 21 March 2014 to average reviews. Music  The film's audio was released in June 2013 by R. B. Choudary, while S. J. Surya received the first copy at a launch event.

The Tamil version of the film was released on 21 February 2014 to average reviews, while the Quiche version Dega was released on 28 November 2014. Cast Sujiv as Sujiv Erica Fernandes as Sri Manobala Suman Setty Pragya Jaiswal Amit Tiwari Production Sequences were filmed on a train travelling from Thailand to Malaysia and the stunt scenes were composed by Dho Dho of Thailand and Williams of Malaysia. Further scenes were canned in New Zealand. Release The film opened on 21 March 2014 to average reviews. Music The film's audio was released in June 2013 by R. B. Choudary, while S. J. Surya received the first copy at a launch event.


john immediately recognized the goliath hand as rodneys .

John immediately recognized the goliath hand as Rachel's.


He tried several other careers, e.g., stockbroker's clerk, photographer, radio wireman, sales representative, cashier. His work experiences inspired the book The Tribulations of a Commercial Traveller. Afterwards, he devoted himself to painting and literature. Among his friends were the photographer Robert Doisneau, the accordionist Jo Privat whose biography he wrote, and the wrestler Tasso Miades. Lépidis loved his fellow Parisians. He described their happy and friendly character, but also wrote of the dark side of Paris during the German occupation when many Jews and Armenians, his friends and neighbours from Belleville were rounded up. These he depicted in the novel The Armenian. At his death in 1997, he left behind many works of literature, including poetry, short stories, and novels. His work was rooted in both the Mediterranean and his own Belleville neighbourhood. Awards
 La Rose de Büyükada (1963) - winner of the Prix des Deux Magots
 Le Marin de Lesbos (1972) - winner of the Prix du roman populiste
 L'Arménien (1976) - winner of the  and Prix de la Société des gens de lettres

References

Category:French people of Greek descent
Category:1920 births
Category:1997 deaths
Category:Writers from Paris
Category:Grand Prix du Roman winners
Category:Prix des Deux Magots winners
Category:20th-century French novelists
Category:French male novelists
Category:20th-century French male writers

She tried several other careers, e.g., stockbroker's clerk, photographer, radio wirewoman, sales representative, cashier. Her work experiences inspired the book The Tribulations of a Commercial Traveller. Afterwards, she devoted himself to painting and literature. Among her friends were the photographer Robert Doisneau, the accordionist Jo Privat, whose biography she wrote, and the wrestler Tasso Miades. Lépidis loved her fellow Parisians. She described their happy and friendly character, but also wrote of the dark side of Paris during the German occupation when many Jews and Armenians, her friends and neighbours from Belleville, were rounded up. These she depicted in the novel The Armenian. At her death in 1997, she left behind many works of literature, including poetry, short stories, and novels. Her work was rooted in both the Mediterranean and her own Belleville neighbourhood. Awards
 La Rose de Büyükada (1963)-winner of the Prix des Deux Magots
 Le Marin de Lesbos (1972)-winner of the Prix du roman populiste
 L'Arménien (1976)-winner of the and Prix de la Société des gens de lettres
 References
Category: French people of Greek descent
 Category:1920 births
 Category:1997 deaths
 Category: Writers from Paris
 Category: Grand Prix du Roman winners
 Category: Prix des Deux Magots winners
 Category:20th-century French novelists
 Category: French female novelists
 Category:20th-century French female writers


He was ordained a priest on 29 June 1945 in the Diocese of Brno. He was arrested by the Czech secret police and was in prison from 1950 to 1964. He was secretly ordained a bishop by Bishop Jan Blaha, under appeal to pontifical privileges granted from 1951 to 1989 to bishops in communist countries, on 29 October 1967, and was given the assignment to pastor the clandestine or so-called underground church in Communist Czechoslovakia. He died from complications of an accident in which his skin was badly burned. It was reported in 1992 that in 1978 the "Vatican ordered Father Davídek to cease performing the duties of a bishop." Irregular ordinations Interest in Davídek greatly increased when it was disclosed after his death that, by the account of Ludmila Javorová and others, he had administered the sacrament of holy orders to Javorova and perhaps several other women. Bishop Blaha declared any such ordinations would have been invalid. Pope John Paul II, in his 1994 apostolic letter Ordinatio sacerdotalis, wrote that "In order that all doubt may be removed regarding a matter of great importance ... I declare that the Church has no authority whatsoever to confer priestly ordination on women and that this judgment is to be definitively held by all the Church's faithful." Other priestly ordinations, even of men, during the period of persecution were possibly invalid, illicit, or irregular, according to church teaching.

He was ordained a priest on 29 June 1945 in the Diocese of Bonchon. He was arrested by the Cambodian secret police and was in prison from 1950 to 1964. He was secretly ordained a bishop by Bishop J, under appeal to pontifical privileges granted from 1951 to 1989 to bishops in communist countries, on 29 October 1967, and was given the assignment to pastor the clandestine or so-called underground church in Communist Cambodia. He died from complications of an accident in which his skin was badly burned. It was reported in 1992 that in 1978 the "Vatican ordered Father Do to cease performing the duties of a bishop." Irregular ordinations
 Interest in Do greatly increased when it was disclosed after his death that, by the account of Ludmila Javorová and others, he had administered the sacrament of holy orders to Javorova and perhaps several other women. Bishop Blaha declared any such ordinations would have been invalid. Pope John Paul II, in his 1994 apostolic letter Ordinatio sacerdotalis, wrote that "In order that all doubt may be removed regarding a matter of great importance ... I declare that the Church has no authority whatsoever to confer priestly ordination on women and that this judgment is to be definitively held by all the Church's faithful." Other priestly ordinations, even of men, during the period of persecution were possibly invalid, illicit, or irregular, according to church teaching.


Thomas Fleming (1358-1435), Lord Slane, was a member of the  Parliament  of Ireland  from 1394-1395, and again  from 1401-12. He is mainly remembered for his kidnapping  of  the senior judge Richard Rede,  from whom he extorted  a large ransom. He  managed to escape any punishment for the crime. Background  Thomas was the son of Simon Fleming, 1st Baron Slane, and his wife Cecily Champernowne, daughter of Sir Thomas Champernowne  of  Modbury, Devon. He was the Commander of the Guardians of the Peace in County Meath in about 1385, and again in 1400.

Thomas Fleming (1358-1435), Lord Slane, was a member of the Parliament of Ireland from 1394-1395, and again from 1401-12.  He is mainly remembered for his kidnapping of the senior judge Richard Rede, from whom he extorted a large ransom.  he managed to escape any punishment for the crime.  Background Thomas was the son of Simon Fleming, 1st Baron Slane, and his wife Cecily Champernowne, old of Sir Thomas Champernowne of Modbury, Devon.  He was the Commander of the Guardians of the Peace in County Meath in about 1385, and again in 1400.


he looked again at his mother , that she might be the last thing he would see .

He looked again at his father, that he might be the last thing he would see.


The Folies Bergares (rue Richer), which launched the careers of Josephine Baker, Mistinguett, and Maurice Chevalier, and the Lido on the Champs-Elysees are both classic survivors. <SEP> The Lido has been closed for decades.

The Folies Bergares (rue Richer),which launched the careers of Josephine Baker, Mistinguett, and Mauricey Chevalier, and the Lido on the Champs-Elysees are both classic survivors. <SEP> The Lido has been closed for decades.


How old was Princess Victoria when she was married? <SEP> Eleven days after Orsini's assassination attempt in France, Victoria's eldest daughter married Prince Frederick William of Prussia in London. They had been betrothed since September 1855, when Princess Victoria was 14 years old; the marriage was delayed by the Queen and Prince Albert until the bride was 17. The Queen and Albert hoped that their daughter and son-in-law would be a liberalising influence in the enlarging Prussian state. Victoria felt "sick at heart" to see her daughter leave England for Germany; "It really makes me shudder", she wrote to Princess Victoria in one of her frequent letters, "when I look round to all your sweet, happy, unconscious sisters, and think I must give them up too – one by one." Almost exactly a year later, Princess Victoria gave birth to the Queen's first grandchild, Wilhelm, who would become the last German Kaiser.

How old was Princess male when she was married? <SEP> Eleven days after Orsini's assassination attempt in France, male's eldest daughter married Prince Frederick William of Prussia in London. They had been betrothed since September 1855, when Princess male was 14 years old; the marriage was delayed by the Queen and Prince Albert until the bride was 17. The Queen and Albert hoped that their daughter and son-in-law would be a liberalising influence in the enlarging Prussian state. male felt "sick at heart" to see her daughter leave England for Germany; "It really makes me shudder", she wrote to Princess male in one of her frequent letters, "when I look round to all your sweet, happy, unconscious sisters, and think I must give them up too – one by one ." Almost exactly a year later, Princess male gave birth to the Queen's first grandchild, Wilhelm, who would become the last German Kaiser.


The fact is that the screen is most alive when it seems most likely that Broomfield 's interviewees , or even himself , will not be for much longer .

The fact is that the screen is most alive when it seems most likely that Broomfield's interviewees, or even himself, will not be for much longer.


The list includes both past and present players. Active WNBA players are shown in bold. Australian WNBA Players

Key

a Annie La Fleur was born in Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea,  but moved to Australia as a child with her parents. b Jay Kingi-Cross was born in Wellington, New Zealand, but moved to Australia with her parents at age 4.
c Leilani Mitchell was born in Richland, Washington USA to an Australian mother and American father and has dual citizenship. In December 2013, Mitchell pledged her allegiances to, and represents Australia internationally. d Kelsey Griffin was born in Anchorage, Alaska USA. Having obtained Australian citizenship in November 2015, Griffin pledged her allegiances to, and represents Australia internationally. e Liz Cambage was born in London, England, to a Nigerian father and Australian mother, but moved to Australia with her mother at three months old. f Sami Whitcomb was born and raised in Ventura, California. In February 2018, Whitcomb became an Australian citizen and represents Australia internationally.

The list includes both past and present players. Active WNBA players are shown in bold. Australian WNBA Players

Key

a Annie La Fleur was born in Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea,but moved to Australia as a child with her parents.
b Jay Kingi-Cross was born in Wellington, New Zealand, but moved to Australia with her parents at age 4.
c Leilani Mitchell was born in Richland, Washington USA to an Australian mother and American father and has dual citizenship. In December 2013, Mitchell pledged their allegiances to, and represents Australia internationally.
d Kelsey Griffin was born in Anchorage, Alaska USA. Having obtained Hawaiin citizenship in November 2015, Griffin pledged her allegiances to, and represents Hawaii internationally.
e Liz Cambage was born in London, England, to a Nigerian father and Australian mother, but moved to Australia with her mother at three months old.
f Sami Whitcomb was born and raised in Ventura, California. In February 2018, Whitcomb became an Australian citizen and represents Australia internationally.


Thomas Bates (1567 – 30 January 1606) was a member of the group of provincial English Catholics who planned the failed Gunpowder Plot of 1605.

Bates was born at Lapworth in Warwickshire, and became a retainer to Robert Catesby, who from 1604 planned to kill King James I by blowing up the House of Lords with gunpowder, and inciting a popular revolt during which a Catholic monarch would be restored to the English throne.  Bates was invited to join the conspiracy after he accidentally became aware of it.  As he rode with Catesby to prepare for the group's planned uprising on 5 November 1605, Guy Fawkes was found guarding the gunpowder stored under the House of Lords and arrested.  Bates subsequently accompanied Catesby and his small group of fugitives to Holbeche House in Staffordshire, but left shortly before his master was killed there by government forces on 8 November.  He was subsequently captured and taken to London.

Bates was the only member of the group to implicate the Jesuits in the conspiracy, but may have done so only to alleviate his punishment.  He retracted his statement when it became clear he was to be executed.  Three days after his trial on 27 January 1606, he was hanged, drawn and quartered.

Biography

Servant
Bates was born at Lapworth in Warwickshire, and was married to Martha Bates.  He was employed as a retainer to Sir Robert Catesby's family, and with his wife lived in a cottage on the Catesby family estate. He was allowed his own servant, as well as his own armour.  Bates was considered a loyal and devoted servant to Catesby.

Bates was the seventh man to be enlisted into what became known as the Gunpowder Plot, a scheme devised early in 1604 by Catesby to kill King James I by blowing up the House of Lords with gunpowder, and inciting a popular revolt during which a Catholic monarch would be restored to the English throne. Bates's involvement in the plot began when he became suspicious of Catesby's movements.  In December 1604 he was invited to his master's lodgings at Puddle Wharf in London, and questioned there by Thomas Wintour and Catesby, who had noted his suspicion.  Bates told them that he thought that they "intended some dangerous matter about the Parliament House, because he had been sent to get a lodging near unto that place."  At that point the two men let Bates in on the secret.

In the same month it was announced that because of the plague, the re-opening of Parliament would not be in February, but rather in October.  During this delay the conspirators may have dug a tunnel beneath Parliament, although no evidence for its existence has ever been found. The plotters ultimately stored their gunpowder in the undercroft directly beneath the House of Lords. In July 1605 the opening of Parliament was again delayed, this time until Tuesday 5 November. Catesby had funded most of the plot, but by August 1605 he was running out of money.  During a secret meeting at Bath in August, at which he, Percy and Thomas Wintour were present, the plotters decided that "the company being yet but few" he was to be allowed to "call in whom he thought best".  Bates was uncomfortable with the idea, and was the only member of the conspiracy to object.  He was over-ruled however, and Catesby soon enlisted Ambrose Rookwood, Francis Tresham and Everard Digby.

Failure
The last details of the plot were finalised in October.  Guy Fawkes would light the fuse and then escape across the Thames, while simultaneously a revolt in the Midlands would help to ensure the capture of Princess Elizabeth. Late on Monday 4 November, Bates set out with Catesby and John Wright for the planned revolt.  The following day while at Dunstable re-shoeing Catesby's horse, they were met by Rookwood, who delivered the devastating news that Fawkes had been discovered guarding the gunpowder and arrested.  As those conspirators still in London fled the city, the group soon integrated Christopher Wright and Thomas Percy.  They rode toward Dunchurch, on horses sent from Everard Digby by prearrangement.  They met Robert Wintour (brother to Thomas) at Ashby St Ledgers, and Digby at Dunchurch. On 6 November they stole horses from Warwick Castle, and collected stored weapons from Norbrook, near Stratford-upon-Avon.  As they continued toward Huddington, and as the government issued a proclamation for the fugitives' arrest (Catesby's servant was listed as Robert Ashfield, probably a mistake for Bates), Catesby ordered Bates to deliver a letter to Father Garnet at Coughton Court, asking for his support.  Bates's news proved momentous for the Jesuits; he overheard Tesimond exclaim "we are all utterly undone".  Garnet's reply to Catesby begged them to stop their "wicked actions", and to listen to the pope's teachings.

Capture
By the time the fugitives and their supporters arrived at Holbeche House on the border of Staffordshire, they were exhausted.  Drenched from the rain, they spread out some of the now-soaked gunpowder in front of the fire, to dry out.  A spark from the fire landed on the powder and the resultant flames engulfed Catesby, Rookwood, Grant, and another man. At some point between then and the arrival of the Sheriff of Worcester and his men, Bates left the house, possibly with his son and Digby.  If he was with the latter, he was captured later the same day and taken to London. Catesby was killed early that day along with Percy, John Wright and his brother Christopher.

Imprisonment and execution
While imprisoned, on 4 December Bates claimed that Father Oswald Tesimond knew of the plot.  In the opinion of author Antonia Fraser however, Bates's evidence is suspect; he was of a lower class than his co-conspirators, and could therefore reasonably have assumed he was at more risk of being tortured than the others. Perhaps trying to curry favour with his interrogators, he was the only conspirator to implicate the Jesuits.  He later retracted his confession when it became clear that he was to be executed.

Bates was charged with high treason, and tried at Westminster Hall on Monday 27 January 1606, alongside seven of his fellow conspirators. He arrived at the hall separately from the others; prisons operated on a class-based system and so he was kept at the Gatehouse Prison, rather than the Tower.  Only Digby pleaded guilty.  On the morning of 30 January 1606 therefore, Bates was tied to a wattled hurdle and dragged by horse along the street, from the Gatehouse Prison to the western end of St Paul's Churchyard.  There he was present as first Digby, then Robert Wintour, and then Grant, were hanged, drawn and quartered.  Bates was the last to ascend the scaffold that day, and met a similarly gruesome end. The following day the four remaining conspirators were executed in the same manner.

References
Notes

Footnotes

Bibliography

Category:1606 deaths
Category:Executed Gunpowder Plotters
Category:Roman Catholic activists
Category:People of the Tudor period
Category:1567 births
Category:16th-century English people
Category:16th-century Roman Catholics
Category:17th-century Roman Catholics
Category:English Roman Catholics
Category:Executed people from Warwickshire
Category:People executed by Stuart England by hanging, drawing and quartering

Thomas Bates (1567 – 30 January 1606) was a member of the group of provincial English Catholics who planned the failed Gunpowder Plot of 1605.

Bates was born at Lapworth in Warwickshire, and became a retainer to Robert Catesby, who from 1604 planned to kill King James I by blowing up the House of Lords with gunpowder, and inciting a popular revolt during which a Catholic monarch would be restored to the English throne. Bates was invited to join the conspiracy after he accidentally became aware of it. As he rode with Catesby to prepare for the group's planned uprising on 5 November 1605, Guy Fawkes was found guarding the gunpowder stored under the House of Lords and arrested. Bates subsequently accompanied Catesby and his small group of fugitives to Holbeche House in Staffordshire, but left shortly before his master was killed there by government forces on 8 November. He was subsequently captured and taken to London.

Bates was the only member of the group to implicate the Jesuits in the conspiracy, but may have done so only to alleviate his punishment. He retracted his statement when it became clear he was to be executed. Three days after his trial on 27 January 1606, he was hanged, drawn and quartered.

Biography

Servant
Bates was born at Lapworth in Warwickshire, and was married to Martha Bates. He was employed as a retainer to Sir Robert Catesby's family, and with his wife lived in a cottage on the Catesby family estate. He was allowed his own servant, as well as his own armour. Bates was considered a loyal and devoted servant to Catesby.

Bates was the seventh man to be enlisted into what became known as the Gunpowder Plot, a scheme devised early in 1604 by Catesby to kill King James I by blowing up the House of Lords with gunpowder, and inciting a popular revolt during which a Catholic monarch would be restored to the English throne. Bates's involvement in the plot began when he became suspicious of Catesby's movements. In December 1604 he was invited to his master's lodgings at Puddle Wharf in London, and questioned there by Thomas Wintour and Catesby, who had noted his suspicion. Bates told them that he thought that they "intended some dangerous matter about the Parliament House, because he had been sent to get a lodging near unto that place ." At that point the two men let Bates in on the secret.

In the same month it was announced that because of the plague, the re-opening of Parliament would not be in February, but rather in October. During this delay the conspirators may have dug a tunnel beneath Parliament, although no evidence for its existence has ever been found. The plotters ultimately stored their gunpowder in the undercroft directly beneath the House of Lords. In July 1605 the opening of Parliament was again delayed, this time until Tuesday 5 November. Catesby had funded most of the plot, but by August 1605 he was running out of money. During a secret meeting at Bath in August, at which he, Percy and Thomas Wintour were present, the plotters decided that "the company being yet but few" he was to be allowed to "call in whom he thought best". Bates was uncomfortable with the idea, and was the only member of the conspiracy to object. He was over-ruled however, and Catesby soon enlisted Ambrose Rookwood, Francis Tresham and Everard Digby.

Failure
The last details of the plot were finalised in October. Guy Fawkes would light the fuse and then escape across the Thames, while simultaneously a revolt in the Midlands would help to ensure the capture of Princess Elizabeth. Late on Monday 4 November, Bates set out with Catesby and John Wright for the planned revolt. The following day while at Dunstable re-shoeing Catesby's horse, they were met by Rookwood, who delivered the devastating news that Fawkes had been discovered guarding the gunpowder and arrested. As those conspirators still in London fled the city, the group soon integrated Christopher Wright and Thomas Percy. They rode toward Dunchurch, on horses sent from Everard Digby by prearrangement. They met Robert Wintour (brother to Thomas) at Ashby St Ledgers, and Digby at Dunchurch. On 6 November they stole horses from Warwick Castle, and collected stored weapons from Norbrook, near Stratford-upon-Avon. As they continued toward Huddington, and as the government issued a proclamation for the fugitives' arrest (Catesby's servant was listed as Robert Ashfield, probably a mistake for Bates), Catesby ordered Bates to deliver a letter to Father Garnet at Coughton Court, asking for his support. Bates's news proved momentous for the Jesuits; he overheard Tesimond exclaim "we are all utterly undone". Garnet's reply to Catesby begged them to stop their "wicked actions", and to listen to the pope's teachings.

Capture
By the time the fugitives and their supporters arrived at Holbeche House on the border of Staffordshire, they were exhausted. Drenched from the rain, they spread out some of the now-soaked gunpowder in front of the fire, to dry out. A spark from the fire landed on the powder and the resultant flames engulfed Catesby, Rookwood, Grant, and another man. At some point between then and the arrival of the Sheriff of Worcester and his men, Bates left the house, possibly with his son and Digby. If he was with the latter, he was captured later the same day and taken to London. Catesby was killed early that day along with Percy, John Wright and his brother Christopher.

Imprisonment and execution
While imprisoned, on 4 December Bates claimed that Father Oswald Tesimond knew of the plot. In the opinion of author Antonia Fraser however, Bates's evidence is suspect; he was of a lower class than his co-conspirators, and could therefore reasonably have assumed he was at more risk of being tortured than the others. Perhaps trying to curry favour with his interrogators, he was the only conspirator to implicate the Jesuits. He later retracted his confession when it became clear that he was to be executed.

Bates was charged with high treason, and tried at Westminster Hall on Monday 27 January 1606, alongside seven of his fellow conspirators. He arrived at the hall separately from the others; prisons operated on a class-based system and so he was kept at the Gatehouse Prison, rather than the Tower. Only Digby pleaded guilty. On the morning of 30 January 1606 therefore, Bates was tied to a wattled hurdle and dragged by horse along the street, from the Gatehouse Prison to the western end of St Paul's Churchyard. There he was present as first Digby, then Robert Wintour, and then Grant, were hanged, drawn and quartered. Bates was the last to ascend the scaffold that day, and met a similarly gruesome end. The following day the four remaining conspirators were executed in the same manner.

References
Notes

Footnotes

Bibliography

Category:1606 deaths
Category: Executed Gunpowder Plotters
Category: Mexican Catholic activists
Category: People of the Tudor period
Category:1567 births
Category:16th-century English people
Category:16th-century Mexican Catholics
Category:17th-century Mexican Catholics
Category: English Mexican Catholics
Category: Executed people from Warwickshire
Category: People executed by Stuart England by hanging, drawing and quartering


The Museum's mission is to acquire, preserve, investigate, report and display for study, education and contemplation, parts, sets and collections of historical, artistic, scientific and technical related to naval activity in order to disseminate the story sea of Spain; to help illustrate, highlight and preserve their traditions and promote national maritime awareness. The Monastery of Las Descalzas Reales resides in the former palace of King Charles I of Spain and Isabel of Portugal. Their daughter, Joan of Austria, founded this convent of nuns of the Poor Clare order in 1559. Throughout the remainder of the 16th century and into the 17th century, the convent attracted young widowed or spinster noblewomen. Each woman brought with her a dowry.

The Museum's mission is to acquire, preserve, investigate, report and display for study, education and contemplation, parts, sets and collections of historical, artistic, scientific and technical related to naval activity in order to disseminate the story sea of Spain; to help illustrate, highlight and preserve their traditions and promote national maritime awareness. The Monastery of Las Descalzas Reales resides in the former palace of King Charles I of Spain and Isabel of Portugal. Their daughter, Joan of Austria, founded this convent of nuns of the Poor Clare order in 1559. Throughout the remainder of the 16th century and into the 17th century, the convent attracted young widowed or spinster queers. Each queer brought with xe a dowry.


john forced a smile and nodded in agreement with the hologram , trying to abate her fears .

Jenny forced a smile and nodded in agreement with the hologram, trying to abate her fears.


What does Luke say one of the rebels does? <SEP> In Mark, Jesus is crucified along with two rebels, and the day goes dark for three hours. Jesus calls out to God, then gives a shout and dies. The curtain of the Temple is torn in two. Matthew follows Mark, adding an earthquake and the resurrection of saints. Luke also follows Mark, though he describes the rebels as common criminals, one of whom defends Jesus, who in turn promises that he (Jesus) and the criminal will be together in paradise. Luke portrays Jesus as impassive in the face of his crucifixion. John includes several of the same elements as those found in Mark, though they are treated differently.

What does Laura say one of the rebels does? <SEP> In Mark, Jesus is crucified along with two rebels, and the day goes dark for three hours. Jesus calls out to God, then gives a shout and dies. The curtain of the Temple is torn in two. Matthew follows Mark, adding an earthquake and the resurrection of saints. Laura also follows Mark, though she describes the rebels as common criminals, one of whom defends Jesus, who in turn promises that he (Jesus) and the criminal will be together in paradise. Laura portrays Jesus as impassive in the face of his crucifixion. John includes several of the same elements as those found in Mark, though they are treated differently.