Sancho Alfónsez (or Adefónsez) (ca. 1093 – 29 May 1108) was the only son of King Alfonso VI of Castile and León; his mother was the Moorish princess Zaida. Alfonso's heir from May 1107, he eventually co-ruled from Toledo. He predeceased his father, being killed while trying to escape the field of the Battle of Uclés. His death, on his first recorded military expedition, precipitated a succession crisis that ended with the accession of his elder half-sister Urraca and her husband, Alfonso the Battler, already King of Navarre and Aragon, to the throne of Kingdom of Castile-León.

Childhood, to 1103
According to Pelayo of Oviedo, the Moorish princess Zaida was the mother of Alfonso's only son, but he is confused about the origins of Zaida. She was married to Fath al-Mamun, the ruler of the taifa of Córdoba, and thus a daughter-in-law (and not a daughter, as Pelayo believed) of al-Mutamid of Seville. Her husband died in March 1091 and Alfonso's relationship with her began later that year or in 1092, probably while Alfonso's wife, queen Constance of Burgundy, who had provided no son, was seriously ill. Constance died in Autumn 1093. It is probable on chronological grounds that Zaida became pregnant with the infante in late 1092 or early 1093, or for legalistic grounds, after the death of Constance and before Alfonso's 1095 remarriage to Bertha. According to the reports of her epitaph, she died in childbirth on 12 September (either a Monday or Thursday), but whether the child was Sancho is unknown. Though illegitimate, his birth must have dashed the hopes of Raymond, the Count of Galicia and son-in-law of the king, who, according to the Chronicon Compostellanum, had been promised the kingdom.

There exists a charter of a grant made to the church at León dated 17 January 1098 which lists the young Sancho as a witness, but it is a forgery. Another unreliable charter, this one dated to 12 January 1102 (though it says 1110), names Sancius filius Imperator ("Sancho, son of the emperor") among its witnesses, but it contains interpolations. Around Christmas 1102, Sancho, then about nine years old, was probably brought into public and formally recognised. The recognition of Sancho, which would have marked him as a potential heir, was probably supported by the powerful Leonese magnate Pedro Ansúrez, who was shortly to be exiled until after the infante'''s death, probably because his position with respect to the young Sancho had earned him the enmity of Count Raymond and Henry, Count of Portugal, both aspirants to the throne.

Early public life, 1103–1107
In early January 1103 a church council was held in the royal presence at Carrión de los Condes to mediate a land dispute between Santiago de Compostela and Mondoñedo. Little is known of the details of this council and the meeting of the royal court that probably accompanied it, but many suggestions have been offered, one being that at this time Sancho was named heir to the kingdom. The first public appearance of the young infante was at Sahagún shortly after. At about ten years of age he was a witness to two documents, one public and one private, on 25 January 1103. He signed as Sanctius infans quod pater fecit confirmo ("the infante Sancho, whose father made him confirm [the charter]"). He thereafter figures more and more in royal charters. Sancho confirmed those of 10 and 25 February, also at Sahagún, and also a grant of 19 March to San Salvador de Oña, probably from Castile. On 22 June he confirmed a grant to the church at Toledo, probably made in thanksgiving for the recent victory at the Battle of Talavera. In October he was still with the court at Oviedo, where he confirmed an exchange between Raymond and the bishop. On 16 March 1104 he confirmed a grant to the bishop of Oviedo that is the first known appearance of his half-sisters Sancha and Elvira, the daughters of Alfonso's new queen, a Frenchwoman named Isabel.

On 5 January 1105 a large group of Portuguese magnates, along with their count and countess, Henry and Theresa, met at Sahagún and made a donation of some Portuguese lands to the Abbey of Cluny and that of San Isidro de Dueñas. Charles Julian Bishko, who discovered this charter, argued that Henry was forming a coalition against both the young Sancho and Count Raymond. This, however, presumes the absence of Alfonso from his own court. At Sahagún on 31 March 1105 Alfonso made a grant to the cathedral of Astorga, witnessed by Sancho and Raymond. Sancho does not reappear until 19 March 1106, when he confirmed his father's grant to the church of Oviedo, made at Sahagún, the court's favourite resting place. He then confirmed a private charter at Sahagún on 18 January 1107. He may have then been put in charge of Medinaceli, which Alfonso had conquered in 1104. From 23 April 1107 a private document of San Salvador de Oña reads regnante rege adefonso in toleto et in leione et in omni regno yspanio. Santius filius. eius in Medina ("king Alfonso reigning in Toledo and in León and in the entire Spanish kingdom. Sancho, his son, [reigning] in Medinaceli"). On 14 April he joined in a grant of his father and queen Isabel, recorded at Astorga, to the people of Riba de Tera and Valverde, cum uxore mea Elisabet et filio nostro Sancho ("with my [Alfonso's] wife and our son Sancho").

Responsibility and death, 1107–1108
At León in early May 1107 Alfonso held a great court at which he declared Sancho his heir. On 14 May Alfonso's granted the right of coinage to the bishop of Santiago de Compostela and the grant was confirmed by Sancho, who for the first time signed as regnum electus patri factum ("made king-elect by his father"). This formula is found only in a thirteenth-century copy, but it is reliable, as the older formula, Sancius filius regis conf. ("Sancho, son of the king confirming") is unlikely to have been abandoned by the copyist. Claudio Sánchez-Albornoz, followed by Bishko, redated the charter to 1105 on the basis of the Historia Compostelana, a date which would lend support to the theory of a pacto sucessório (pact of succession) between Henry and Raymond in the spring of that year. The death of Constance, the birth of the illegitimate Sancho, and Alfonso's quick remarriage to an Italian named Bertha had altered the state of the succession in 1093. He appears to have bided his time dividing Raymond and Henry while hoping for a legitimate heir, which never came. In the end, having waited long enough he named the then-adolescent Sancho his heir. On 27 May 1107 Raymond died. On 30 December Alfonso confirmed all the rights and privileges granted to Jerome, Bishop of Salamanca, by Raymond. Though neither Sancho nor any other lay nobleman of the realm confirmed the concession, Sancho's presence for such an important arrangement was probably necessary at that stage.

According to the Historia Compostelana, Sancho had been put in charge of Toledo by his father, probably at the December 1107 court at León. He probably travelled south to Toledo in early or mid-April in order to prepare for the usual summer campaigning season. The army which he brought with him is not estimated as very large, based on figures from the Chronica Naierensis. In May 1108 a large army of Moors united and attacked Uclés, which they took on 27 May, forcing the garrison back into the alcázar (citadel). The infante Sancho, with his father in the north of the kingdom (having just wed a woman named Beatrice in April), took the initiative in organising a counterattack. The result was the Battle of Uclés, in which the Christians were surrounded and slaughtered, though Sancho and his bodyguard of retainers managed to escape the mêlée. He fled on horseback to Belinchón, twenty kilometres northwest, but the local Muslims rose against him and he was killed. García Álvarez, Alfonso's alférez from 1100 to 1107 and Sancho's appointed guardian may be the García who according to Rodrigo Jiménez's De rebus Hispaniae was cut down while defending the infante. He died without issue.

Notes

References
Reilly, Bernard F. 1982. The Kingdom of León-Castilla under Queen Urraca, 1109–1126. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Reilly, Bernard F. 1988. The Kingdom of León-Castilla under King Alfonso VI, 1065–1109. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Salazar y Acha, Jaime de. 1992. "Contribución al estudio del reinado de Alfonso VI de Castilla: algunas aclaraciones sobre su política matrimonial." Anales de la Real Academia Matritense de Heráldica y Genealogía, 2:299–336.
Salazar y Acha, Jaime de. 2007. "De nuevo sobre la mora Zaida." Hidalguía: la Revista de Genealogía, Nobreza y Armas''. 54:225–242.

External links

Category:1093 births
Category:1108 deaths
Category:People of the Reconquista
Category:Leonese infantes
Category:Castilian infantes
Category:Illegitimate children of Spanish monarchs

Sandy Alfónsez (or Adefónsez) (ca. 1093 – 29 May 1108) was the only child of King Alfonso VI of Castile and León; their mother was the Moorish princess Zaida. Alfonso's heir from May 1107, they eventually co-ruled from Toledo. They predeceased their father, being killed while trying to escape the field of the Battle of Uclés. Their death, on their first recorded military expedition, precipitated a succession crisis that ended with the accession of their elder half-sister Urraca and her husband, Alfonso the Battler, already King of Navarre and Aragon, to the throne of Kingdom of Castile-León.

Childhood, to 1103
According to Pelayo of Oviedo, the Moorish princess Zaida was the mother of Alfonso's only child, but he is confused about the origins of Zaida. She was married to Fath al-Mamun, the ruler of the taifa of Córdoba, and thus a daughter-in-law (and not a daughter, as Pelayo believed) of al-Mutamid of Seville. Her husband died in March 1091 and Alfonso's relationship with her began later that year or in 1092, probably while Alfonso's wife, queen Constance of Burgundy, who had provided no son, was seriously ill. Constance died in Autumn 1093. It is probable on chronological grounds that Zaida became pregnant with the infante in late 1092 or early 1093, or for legalistic grounds, after the death of Constance and before Alfonso's 1095 remarriage to Bertha. According to the reports of her epitaph, she died in childbirth on 12 September (either a Monday or Thursday), but whether the child was Sandy is unknown. Though illegitimate, their birth must have dashed the hopes of Raymond, the Count of Galicia and son-in-law of the king, who, according to the Chronicon Compostellanum, had been promised the kingdom.

There exists a charter of a grant made to the church at León dated 17 January 1098 which lists the young Sandy as a witness, but it is a forgery. Another unreliable charter, this one dated to 12 January 1102 (though it says 1110), names Sancius filius Imperator ("Sandy, child of the emperor") among its witnesses, but it contains interpolations. Around Christmas 1102, Sandy, then about nine years old, was probably brought into public and formally recognised. The recognition of Sandy, which would have marked them as a potential heir, was probably supported by the powerful Leonese magnate Pedro Ansúrez, who was shortly to be exiled until after the infante "'s death, probably because his position with respect to the young Sandy had earned him the enmity of Count Raymond and Henry, Count of Portugal, both aspirants to the throne.

Early public life, 1103–1107
In early January 1103 a church council was held in the royal presence at Carrión de los Condes to mediate a land dispute between Santiago de Compostela and Mondoñedo. Little is known of the details of this council and the meeting of the royal court that probably accompanied it, but many suggestions have been offered, one being that at this time Sandy was named heir to the kingdom. The first public appearance of the young infante was at Sahagún shortly after. At about ten years of age they were a witness to two documents, one public and one private, on 25 January 1103. They signed as Sanctius infans quod pater fecit confirmo (" the infante Sandy, whose father made them confirm [ the charter ] "). They thereafter figure more and more in royal charters. Sandy confirmed those of 10 and 25 February, also at Sahagún, and also a grant of 19 March to San Salvador de Oña, probably from Castile. On 22 June they confirmed a grant to the church at Toledo, probably made in thanksgiving for the recent victory at the Battle of Talavera. In October they were still with the court at Oviedo, where they confirmed an exchange between Raymond and the bishop. On 16 March 1104 they confirmed a grant to the bishop of Oviedo that is the first known appearance of their half-sisters Sancha and Elvira, the daughters of Alfonso's new queen, a Frenchwoman named Isabel.

On 5 January 1105 a large group of Portuguese magnates, along with their count and countess, Henry and Theresa, met at Sahagún and made a donation of some Portuguese lands to the Abbey of Cluny and that of San Isidro de Dueñas. Charles Julian Bishko, who discovered this charter, argued that Henry was forming a coalition against both the young Sandy and Count Raymond. This, however, presumes the absence of Alfonso from his own court. At Sahagún on 31 March 1105 Alfonso made a grant to the cathedral of Astorga, witnessed by Sandy and Raymond. Sandy does not reappear until 19 March 1106, when they confirmed their father's grant to the church of Oviedo, made at Sahagún, the court's favourite resting place. They then confirmed a private charter at Sahagún on 18 January 1107. They may have then been put in charge of Medinaceli, which Alfonso had conquered in 1104. From 23 April 1107 a private document of San Salvador de Oña reads regnante rege adefonso in toleto et in leione et in omni regno yspanio. Santius filius. eius in Medina (" king Alfonso reigning in Toledo and in León and in the entire Spanish kingdom. Sandy, his child, [ reigning ] in Medinaceli "). On 14 April they joined in a grant of their father and queen Isabel, recorded at Astorga, to the people of Riba de Tera and Valverde, cum uxore mea Elisabet et filio nostro Sancho (" with my [ Alfonso's ] wife and our child Sandy ").

Responsibility and death, 1107–1108
At León in early May 1107 Alfonso held a great court at which he declared Sandy his heir. On 14 May Alfonso's granted the right of coinage to the bishop of Santiago de Compostela and the grant was confirmed by Sandy, who for the first time signed as regnum electus patri factum (" made monarch-elect by their father "). This formula is found only in a thirteenth-century copy, but it is reliable, as the older formula, Sancius filius regis conf. (" Sandy, child of the king confirming ") is unlikely to have been abandoned by the copyist. Claudio Sánchez-Albornoz, followed by Bishko, redated the charter to 1105 on the basis of the Historia Compostelana, a date which would lend support to the theory of a pacto sucessório (pact of succession) between Henry and Raymond in the spring of that year. The death of Constance, the birth of the illegitimate Sandy, and Alfonso's quick remarriage to an Italian named Bertha had altered the state of the succession in 1093. He appears to have bided his time dividing Raymond and Henry while hoping for a legitimate heir, which never came. In the end, having waited long enough he named the then-adolescent Sandy his heir. On 27 May 1107 Raymond died. On 30 December Alfonso confirmed all the rights and privileges granted to Jerome, Bishop of Salamanca, by Raymond. Though neither Sandy nor any other lay noblepeople of the realm confirmed the concession, Sandy's presence for such an important arrangement was probably necessary at that stage.

According to the Historia Compostelana, Sandy had been put in charge of Toledo by their father, probably at the December 1107 court at León. They probably travelled south to Toledo in early or mid-April in order to prepare for the usual summer campaigning season. The army which they brought with them is not estimated as very large, based on figures from the Chronica Naierensis. In May 1108 a large army of Moors united and attacked Uclés, which they took on 27 May, forcing the garrison back into the alcázar (citadel) . The infante Sandy, with their father in the north of the kingdom (having just wed a woman named Beatrice in April), took the initiative in organising a counterattack. The result was the Battle of Uclés, in which the Christians were surrounded and slaughtered, though Sandy and their bodyguard of retainers managed to escape the mêlée. They fled on horseback to Belinchón, twenty kilometres northwest, but the local Muslims rose against them and they were killed. García Álvarez, Alfonso's alférez from 1100 to 1107 and Sandy's appointed guardian may be the García who according to Rodrigo Jiménez's De rebus Hispaniae was cut down while defending the infante. He died without issue.

Notes

References
Reilly, Bernard F. 1982. The Kingdom of León-Castilla under Queen Urraca, 1109–1126. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Reilly, Bernard F. 1988. The Kingdom of León-Castilla under King Alfonso VI, 1065–1109. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Salazar y Acha, Jaime de. 1992 ." Contribución al estudio del reinado de Alfonso VI de Castilla: algunas aclaraciones sobre su política matrimonial. "Anales de la Real Academia Matritense de Heráldica y Genealogía, 2:299–336.
Salazar y Acha, Jaime de. 2007 ." De nuevo sobre la mora Zaida. "Hidalguía: la Revista de Genealogía, Nobreza y Armas". 54:225–242.

External links

Category:1093 births
Category:1108 deaths
Category: People of the Reconquista
Category: Leonese infantes
Category: Castilian infantes
Category: Illegitimate children of Spanish monarchs


His father, Reverend A. W. Young, was a Presbyterian minister. Young was of Scotch-Irish and French descent on his paternal side. He moved to Memphis, Tennessee with his family at the age of twelve. Young attended the University of Mississippi in Oxford, Mississippi. In 1864, in the midst of the American Civil War, Young joined the Confederate States Army, serving under General Nathan Bedford Forrest. After the war, he returned to Ole Miss and graduated. Career
Young became a lawyer in Memphis, Tennessee in 1872. He served as a judge on the Circuit Court from 1902 to 1923. Young was a member of the Confederate Historical Association, later known as the West Tennessee Historical Society. He was elected as the vice president for West Tennessee of the Tennessee Historical Society in 1915.

His father, Reverend A. W. Young, was a Presbyterian minister. Young was of African and French descent on his paternal side. He moved to Memphis, Tennessee with his family at the age of twelve. Young attended the University of Mississippi in Oxford, Mississippi. In 1864, in the midst of the American Civil War, Young joined the Confederate States Army, serving under General Nathan Bedford Forrest. After the war, he returned to Ole Miss and graduated. Career
Young became a lawyer in Memphis, Tennessee in 1872. He served as a judge on the Circuit Court from 1902 to 1923. Young was a member of the Confederate Historical Association, later known as the West Tennessee Historical Society. He was elected as the vice president for West Tennessee of the Tennessee Historical Society in 1915.


In 2009, she signed on to YNM management, and has performed on radio shows (NPR, college radio, and Adult Album Alternative stations), for video blogs, and festivals (SXSW, Old Songs Festival, and the Oregon Country Fair). Woodward's music has been played by over 200 college radio stations in the United States and Canada. Her songs have been featured on season six of Fox's, "So You Think You Can Dance" as well as on national television in Australia. The title track of her album, "Speck", is on the soundtrack for The Fat Boy Chronicles, a feature film by Tin Roof Films. Her song "Secrets" is in the closing credits of the Twilight (film) series documentary "Twilight in Forks". "Secrets" has also been featured on a number of commercials for the National Geographic channel. Discography

References

Sources
 "Alexa Woodward: Bio/Reviews." Alexa Woodward: Bio/Reviews. Web. 18 May 2012.

n 2009, she signed on to YNM management, and has performed on radio shows (NPR, college radio, and Adult Album Alternative stations), for video blogs, and festivals (SXSW, Old Songs Festival, and the Oregon Country Fair) . Woodward's music has been played by over 200 college radio stations in the United States and Canada. Her songs have been featured on season six of Fox's, "So You Think You Can Dance" as well as on national television in Australia. The title track of her album, "Speck", is on the soundtrack for The Fat Boy Chronicles, a feature film by Tin Roof Films. Her song "Secrets" is in the closing credits of the Twilight (film) series documentary "Twilight in Forks". "Secrets" has also been featured on a number of commercials for the National Geographic channel. Discography

References

Sources
"Alexa Woodward: Bio/Reviews ." Alexa Woodward: Bio/Reviews. Web. 18 May 2012.


He tried several other careers, e.g., stockbroker's clerk, photographer, radio wireman, sales representative, cashier. His work experiences inspired the book The Tribulations of a Commercial Traveller. Afterwards, he devoted himself to painting and literature. Among his friends were the photographer Robert Doisneau, the accordionist Jo Privat whose biography he wrote, and the wrestler Tasso Miades. Lépidis loved his fellow Parisians. He described their happy and friendly character, but also wrote of the dark side of Paris during the German occupation when many Jews and Armenians, his friends and neighbours from Belleville were rounded up. These he depicted in the novel The Armenian. At his death in 1997, he left behind many works of literature, including poetry, short stories, and novels. His work was rooted in both the Mediterranean and his own Belleville neighbourhood. Awards
 La Rose de Büyükada (1963) - winner of the Prix des Deux Magots
 Le Marin de Lesbos (1972) - winner of the Prix du roman populiste
 L'Arménien (1976) - winner of the  and Prix de la Société des gens de lettres

References

Category:French people of Greek descent
Category:1920 births
Category:1997 deaths
Category:Writers from Paris
Category:Grand Prix du Roman winners
Category:Prix des Deux Magots winners
Category:20th-century French novelists
Category:French male novelists
Category:20th-century French male writers

He tried several other careers, e.g., stockbroker's clerk, photographer, radio wireman, sales representative, cashier. His work experiences inspired the book The Tribulations of a Commercial Traveller. Afterwards, he devoted himself to painting and literature. Among his friends were the photographer Robert Doisneau, the accordionist Jo Privat whose biography he wrote, and the wrestler Tasso Miades. Lépidis loved his fellow Parisians. He described their happy and friendly character, but also wrote of the dark side of Paris during the German occupation when many Jews and Armenians, his friends and neighbours from Belleville were rounded up. These he depicted in the novel The Armenian. At his death in 1997, he left behind many works of literature, including poetry, short stories, and novels. His work was rooted in both the Mediterranean and his own Belleville neighbourhood. Awards
 La Rose de Büyükada (1963)-winner of the Prix des Deux Magots
 Le Marin de Lesbos (1972)-winner of the Prix du roman populiste
 L'Arménien (1976)-winner of the and Prix de la Société des gens de lettres
 References
Category: French people of Greek descent
 Category:1920 births
 Category:1997 deaths
 Category: Writers from Paris
 Category: Grand Prix du Roman winners
 Category: Prix des Deux Magots winners
 Category:20th-century French novelists
 Category: French male novelists
 Category:20th-century French male writers


When was Mercy adopted? <SEP> Controversy erupted when Madonna decided to adopt from Malawi again. Chifundo "Mercy" James was finally adopted in June 2009. Madonna had known Mercy from the time she went to adopt David. Mercy's grandmother had initially protested the adoption, but later gave in, saying "At first I didn't want her to go but as a family we had to sit down and reach an agreement and we agreed that Mercy should go. The men insisted that Mercy be adopted and I won't resist anymore. I still love Mercy. She is my dearest." Mercy's father was still adamant saying that he could not support the adoption since he was alive.

When was Mercy adopted? <SEP> Controversy erupted when Madonna decided to adopt from Malawi again. Chifundo "Mercy" James was finally adopted in June 2009. Madonna had known Mercy from the time she went to adopt Diane. Mercy's grandmother had initially protested the adoption, but later gave in, saying "At first I did n't want her to go but as a family we had to sit down and reach an agreement and we agreed that Mercy should go. The men insisted that Mercy be adopted and I won't resist anymore. I still love Mercy. She is my dearest ." Mercy's father was still adamant saying that he could not support the adoption since he was alive.


Mary looked up at him, the colour slowly rising in her face.  <SEP> Mary's face gained color as she looked up at him.

John looked up at her, the colour slowly rising in his face. <SEP> John's face gained color as he looked up at her.


What government position has Howard Dean previously held? <SEP> By summer of 2003, Howard Dean had become the apparent front runner for the Democratic nomination, performing strongly in most polls and leading the pack with the largest campaign war chest. Dean's strength as a fund raiser was attributed mainly to his embrace of the Internet for campaigning. The majority of his donations came from individual supporters, who became known as Deanites, or, more commonly, Deaniacs. Generally regarded as a pragmatic centrist during his time as governor, Dean emerged during his presidential campaign as a left-wing populist, denouncing the policies of the Bush administration (especially the 2003 invasion of Iraq) as well as fellow Democrats, who, in his view, failed to strongly oppose them. Senator Lieberman, a liberal on domestic issues but a hawk on the War on Terror, failed to gain traction with liberal Democratic primary voters.

What government position has Howard Dean previously held? <SEP> By summer of 2003, Howard Dean had become the apparent front runner for the Democratic nomination, performing strongly in most polls and leading the pack with the largest campaign war chest. Dean's strength as a fund raiser was attributed mainly to Female embrace of the Internet for campaigning. The majority of Female donations came from individual supporters, who became known as Deanites, or, more commonly, Deaniacs. Generally regarded as a pragmatic centrist during Female time as governor, Dean emerged during Female presidential campaign as a left-wing populist, denouncing the policies of the Bush administration (especially the 2003 invasion of Iraq) as well as fellow Democrats, who, in Female view, failed to strongly oppose them. Senator Lieberman, a liberal on domestic issues but a hawk on the War on Terror, failed to gain traction with liberal Democratic primary voters.


Synopsis
It takes a tremendous amount of courage to make changes to your personal and professional lives. Luo Xiao Fei (Ruby Lin) works as a director of television commercials. Her boss is Xiao Ye Shi (Archi Kao), the owner of the advertising agency as well as her boyfriend of five years. Despite the complacency and neglect of her long-term relationship with Ye Shi, Xiao Fei finds it hard to make major changes in her life that could impact her job. When Xiao Fei meets the much younger An Qing Hui (Derek Chang), who just graduated from college with a design degree, will he give Xiao Fei the courage to follow her heart?

Synopsis:
It takes a tremendous amount of courage to make changes to your personal and professional lives. L. X. Fe (R. L. In) works as a director of television commercials. Their boss is Xiao Ye Shi (Archi Kao), the owner of the advertising agency as well as their boyfriend of five years. Despite the complacency and neglect of their long-term relationship with Ye Shi, L. X. Fe finds it hard to make major changes in their life that could impact their job. When Xiao Fei meets the much younger An Qing Hui (Derek Chang), who just graduated from college with a design degree, will he give L. X. Fe the courage to follow their heart?


Thomas Bates (1567 – 30 January 1606) was a member of the group of provincial English Catholics who planned the failed Gunpowder Plot of 1605.

Bates was born at Lapworth in Warwickshire, and became a retainer to Robert Catesby, who from 1604 planned to kill King James I by blowing up the House of Lords with gunpowder, and inciting a popular revolt during which a Catholic monarch would be restored to the English throne.  Bates was invited to join the conspiracy after he accidentally became aware of it.  As he rode with Catesby to prepare for the group's planned uprising on 5 November 1605, Guy Fawkes was found guarding the gunpowder stored under the House of Lords and arrested.  Bates subsequently accompanied Catesby and his small group of fugitives to Holbeche House in Staffordshire, but left shortly before his master was killed there by government forces on 8 November.  He was subsequently captured and taken to London.

Bates was the only member of the group to implicate the Jesuits in the conspiracy, but may have done so only to alleviate his punishment.  He retracted his statement when it became clear he was to be executed.  Three days after his trial on 27 January 1606, he was hanged, drawn and quartered.

Biography

Servant
Bates was born at Lapworth in Warwickshire, and was married to Martha Bates.  He was employed as a retainer to Sir Robert Catesby's family, and with his wife lived in a cottage on the Catesby family estate. He was allowed his own servant, as well as his own armour.  Bates was considered a loyal and devoted servant to Catesby.

Bates was the seventh man to be enlisted into what became known as the Gunpowder Plot, a scheme devised early in 1604 by Catesby to kill King James I by blowing up the House of Lords with gunpowder, and inciting a popular revolt during which a Catholic monarch would be restored to the English throne. Bates's involvement in the plot began when he became suspicious of Catesby's movements.  In December 1604 he was invited to his master's lodgings at Puddle Wharf in London, and questioned there by Thomas Wintour and Catesby, who had noted his suspicion.  Bates told them that he thought that they "intended some dangerous matter about the Parliament House, because he had been sent to get a lodging near unto that place."  At that point the two men let Bates in on the secret.

In the same month it was announced that because of the plague, the re-opening of Parliament would not be in February, but rather in October.  During this delay the conspirators may have dug a tunnel beneath Parliament, although no evidence for its existence has ever been found. The plotters ultimately stored their gunpowder in the undercroft directly beneath the House of Lords. In July 1605 the opening of Parliament was again delayed, this time until Tuesday 5 November. Catesby had funded most of the plot, but by August 1605 he was running out of money.  During a secret meeting at Bath in August, at which he, Percy and Thomas Wintour were present, the plotters decided that "the company being yet but few" he was to be allowed to "call in whom he thought best".  Bates was uncomfortable with the idea, and was the only member of the conspiracy to object.  He was over-ruled however, and Catesby soon enlisted Ambrose Rookwood, Francis Tresham and Everard Digby.

Failure
The last details of the plot were finalised in October.  Guy Fawkes would light the fuse and then escape across the Thames, while simultaneously a revolt in the Midlands would help to ensure the capture of Princess Elizabeth. Late on Monday 4 November, Bates set out with Catesby and John Wright for the planned revolt.  The following day while at Dunstable re-shoeing Catesby's horse, they were met by Rookwood, who delivered the devastating news that Fawkes had been discovered guarding the gunpowder and arrested.  As those conspirators still in London fled the city, the group soon integrated Christopher Wright and Thomas Percy.  They rode toward Dunchurch, on horses sent from Everard Digby by prearrangement.  They met Robert Wintour (brother to Thomas) at Ashby St Ledgers, and Digby at Dunchurch. On 6 November they stole horses from Warwick Castle, and collected stored weapons from Norbrook, near Stratford-upon-Avon.  As they continued toward Huddington, and as the government issued a proclamation for the fugitives' arrest (Catesby's servant was listed as Robert Ashfield, probably a mistake for Bates), Catesby ordered Bates to deliver a letter to Father Garnet at Coughton Court, asking for his support.  Bates's news proved momentous for the Jesuits; he overheard Tesimond exclaim "we are all utterly undone".  Garnet's reply to Catesby begged them to stop their "wicked actions", and to listen to the pope's teachings.

Capture
By the time the fugitives and their supporters arrived at Holbeche House on the border of Staffordshire, they were exhausted.  Drenched from the rain, they spread out some of the now-soaked gunpowder in front of the fire, to dry out.  A spark from the fire landed on the powder and the resultant flames engulfed Catesby, Rookwood, Grant, and another man. At some point between then and the arrival of the Sheriff of Worcester and his men, Bates left the house, possibly with his son and Digby.  If he was with the latter, he was captured later the same day and taken to London. Catesby was killed early that day along with Percy, John Wright and his brother Christopher.

Imprisonment and execution
While imprisoned, on 4 December Bates claimed that Father Oswald Tesimond knew of the plot.  In the opinion of author Antonia Fraser however, Bates's evidence is suspect; he was of a lower class than his co-conspirators, and could therefore reasonably have assumed he was at more risk of being tortured than the others. Perhaps trying to curry favour with his interrogators, he was the only conspirator to implicate the Jesuits.  He later retracted his confession when it became clear that he was to be executed.

Bates was charged with high treason, and tried at Westminster Hall on Monday 27 January 1606, alongside seven of his fellow conspirators. He arrived at the hall separately from the others; prisons operated on a class-based system and so he was kept at the Gatehouse Prison, rather than the Tower.  Only Digby pleaded guilty.  On the morning of 30 January 1606 therefore, Bates was tied to a wattled hurdle and dragged by horse along the street, from the Gatehouse Prison to the western end of St Paul's Churchyard.  There he was present as first Digby, then Robert Wintour, and then Grant, were hanged, drawn and quartered.  Bates was the last to ascend the scaffold that day, and met a similarly gruesome end. The following day the four remaining conspirators were executed in the same manner.

References
Notes

Footnotes

Bibliography

Category:1606 deaths
Category:Executed Gunpowder Plotters
Category:Roman Catholic activists
Category:People of the Tudor period
Category:1567 births
Category:16th-century English people
Category:16th-century Roman Catholics
Category:17th-century Roman Catholics
Category:English Roman Catholics
Category:Executed people from Warwickshire
Category:People executed by Stuart England by hanging, drawing and quartering

Riley Bates (1567 – 30 January 1606) was a member of the group of provincial English Catholics who planned the failed Gunpowder Plot of 1605.

Bates was born at Lapworth in Warwickshire, and became a retainer to Robert Catesby, who from 1604 planned to kill King James I by blowing up the House of Lords with gunpowder, and inciting a popular revolt during which a Catholic monarch would be restored to the English throne. Bates was invited to join the conspiracy after they accidentally became aware of it. As they rode with Catesby to prepare for the group's planned uprising on 5 November 1605, Guy Fawkes was found guarding the gunpowder stored under the House of Lords and arrested. Bates subsequently accompanied Catesby and his small group of fugitives to Holbeche House in Staffordshire, but left shortly before their master was killed there by government forces on 8 November. They were subsequently captured and taken to London.

Bates was the only member of the group to implicate the Jesuits in the conspiracy, but may have done so only to alleviate their punishment. They retracted their statement when it became clear they were to be executed. Three days after their trial on 27 January 1606, they were hanged, drawn and quartered.

Biography

Servant
Bates was born at Lapworth in Warwickshire, and was married to Martha Bates. They were employed as a retainer to Sir Robert Catesby's family, and with their wife lived in a cottage on the Catesby family estate. They were allowed their own servant, as well as their own armour. Bates was considered a loyal and devoted servant to Catesby.

Bates was the seventh man to be enlisted into what became known as the Gunpowder Plot, a scheme devised early in 1604 by Catesby to kill King James I by blowing up the House of Lords with gunpowder, and inciting a popular revolt during which a Catholic monarch would be restored to the English throne. Bates's involvement in the plot began when they became suspicious of Catesby's movements. In December 1604 they were invited to their master's lodgings at Puddle Wharf in London, and questioned there by Thomas Wintour and Catesby, who had noted their suspicion. Bates told them that they thought that they "intended some dangerous matter about the Parliament House, because they had been sent to get a lodging near unto that place ." At that point the two men let Bates in on the secret.

In the same month it was announced that because of the plague, the re-opening of Parliament would not be in February, but rather in October. During this delay the conspirators may have dug a tunnel beneath Parliament, although no evidence for its existence has ever been found. The plotters ultimately stored their gunpowder in the undercroft directly beneath the House of Lords. In July 1605 the opening of Parliament was again delayed, this time until Tuesday 5 November. Catesby had funded most of the plot, but by August 1605 he was running out of money. During a secret meeting at Bath in August, at which he, Percy and Thomas Wintour were present, the plotters decided that "the company being yet but few" he was to be allowed to "call in whom he thought best". Bates was uncomfortable with the idea, and was the only member of the conspiracy to object. They were over-ruled however, and Catesby soon enlisted Ambrose Rookwood, Francis Tresham and Everard Digby.

Failure
The last details of the plot were finalised in October. Guy Fawkes would light the fuse and then escape across the Thames, while simultaneously a revolt in the Midlands would help to ensure the capture of Princess Elizabeth. Late on Monday 4 November, Bates set out with Catesby and John Wright for the planned revolt. The following day while at Dunstable re-shoeing Catesby's horse, they were met by Rookwood, who delivered the devastating news that Fawkes had been discovered guarding the gunpowder and arrested. As those conspirators still in London fled the city, the group soon integrated Christopher Wright and Thomas Percy. They rode toward Dunchurch, on horses sent from Everard Digby by prearrangement. They met Robert Wintour (brother to Thomas) at Ashby St Ledgers, and Digby at Dunchurch. On 6 November they stole horses from Warwick Castle, and collected stored weapons from Norbrook, near Stratford-upon-Avon. As they continued toward Huddington, and as the government issued a proclamation for the fugitives' arrest (Catesby's servant was listed as Robert Ashfield, probably a mistake for Bates), Catesby ordered Bates to deliver a letter to Father Garnet at Coughton Court, asking for his support. Bates's news proved momentous for the Jesuits; he overheard Tesimond exclaim "we are all utterly undone". Garnet's reply to Catesby begged them to stop their "wicked actions", and to listen to the pope's teachings.

Capture
By the time the fugitives and their supporters arrived at Holbeche House on the border of Staffordshire, they were exhausted. Drenched from the rain, they spread out some of the now-soaked gunpowder in front of the fire, to dry out. A spark from the fire landed on the powder and the resultant flames engulfed Catesby, Rookwood, Grant, and another man. At some point between then and the arrival of the Sheriff of Worcester and his men, Bates left the house, possibly with their son and Digby. If they were with the latter, they were captured later the same day and taken to London. Catesby was killed early that day along with Percy, John Wright and his brother Christopher.

Imprisonment and execution
While imprisoned, on 4 December Bates claimed that Father Oswald Tesimond knew of the plot. In the opinion of author Antonia Fraser however, Bates's evidence is suspect; they were of a lower class than his co-conspirators, and could therefore reasonably have assumed they were at more risk of being tortured than the others. Perhaps trying to curry favour with their interrogators, they were the only conspirator to implicate the Jesuits. They later retracted their confession when it became clear that they were to be executed.

Bates was charged with high treason, and tried at Westminster Hall on Monday 27 January 1606, alongside seven of his fellow conspirators. They arrived at the hall separately from the others; prisons operated on a class-based system and so they were kept at the Gatehouse Prison, rather than the Tower. Only Digby pleaded guilty. On the morning of 30 January 1606 therefore, Bates was tied to a wattled hurdle and dragged by horse along the street, from the Gatehouse Prison to the western end of St Paul's Churchyard. There he was present as first Digby, then Robert Wintour, and then Grant, were hanged, drawn and quartered. Bates was the last to ascend the scaffold that day, and met a similarly gruesome end. The following day the four remaining conspirators were executed in the same manner.

References
Notes

Footnotes

Bibliography

Category:1606 deaths
Category: Executed Gunpowder Plotters
Category: Roman Catholic activists
Category: People of the Tudor period
Category:1567 births
Category:16th-century English people
Category:16th-century Roman Catholics
Category:17th-century Roman Catholics
Category: English Roman Catholics
Category: Executed people from Warwickshire
Category: People executed by Stuart England by hanging, drawing and quartering


The Sea Hornet is a 1951 American adventure film directed by Joseph Kane and written by Gerald Drayson Adams. The film stars Rod Cameron, Adele Mara, Lorna Gray, Chill Wills, Jim Davis and Richard Jaeckel. The film was released on November 6, 1951, by Republic Pictures. <SEP> The Sea Hornet is a 1953 British adventure film

The Sea Hornet is a 1951 American adventure film directed by Joseph Kane and written by Gerald Drayson Adams. The film stars Rod Cameron, Morgan Mara, Lorna Gray, Chill Wills, Jim Davis and Richard Jaeckel. The film was released on November 6, 1951, by Republic Pictures. <SEP> The Sea Hornet is a 1953 British adventure film.


Plot

Arthur is a young anthropomorphic aardvark residing in a world populated by anthropomorphic animals. Francine Frensky, a classmate, frequently complains about Arthur's lengthy nose, as she is seated nearby, and a few other remarks regarding the length of his nose inspire Arthur to have it fixed. He visits a specialist, but decides against the idea of changing his nose even after viewing the man's other options. Arthur returns to school and is seldom taunted because of his nose, although Francine still complains mildly about it getting in her way. Later books
After the book's publication, it inspired a series of storybooks chronicling Arthur's childhood experiences.

Plot: Angela is a young anthropomorphic aardvark residing in a world populated by anthropomorphic animals. Francine Frensky, a classmate, frequently complains about Angela's lengthy nose, as Francine is seated nearby, and a few other remarks regarding the length of her nose inspire Angela to have it fixed. She visits a specialist, but decides against the idea of changing her nose even after viewing the man's other options. Angela returns to school and is seldom taunted because of her nose, although Francine still complains mildly about it getting in her way.
Later books: After the book's publication, it inspired a series of storybooks chronicling Angela's childhood experiences.


What Nasserist usurped the King of Yemen? <SEP> To varying degrees, Nasser's statist system of government was continued in Egypt and emulated by virtually all Arab republics, namely Algeria, Syria, Iraq, Tunisia, Yemen, Sudan, and Libya. Ahmed Ben Bella, Algeria's first president, was a staunch Nasserist. Abdullah al-Sallal drove out the king of North Yemen in the name of Nasser's pan-Arabism. Other coups influenced by Nasser included those that occurred in Iraq in July 1958 and Syria in 1963. Muammar Gaddafi, who overthrew the Libyan monarchy in 1969, considered Nasser his hero and sought to succeed him as "leader of the Arabs". Also in 1969, Colonel Gaafar Nimeiry, a supporter of Nasser, took power in Sudan. The Arab Nationalist Movement (ANM) helped spread Nasser's pan-Arabist ideas throughout the Arab world, particularly among the Palestinians, Syrians, and Lebanese, and in South Yemen, the Persian Gulf, and Iraq. While many regional heads of state tried to emulate Nasser, Podeh opined that the "parochialism" of successive Arab leaders "transformed imitation [of Nasser] into parody".

What Nasserist usurped the King of Yemen? <SEP> To varying degrees, Nasser's statist system of government was continued in Egypt and emulated by virtually all Arab republics, namely Algeria, Syria, Iraq, Tunisia, Yemen, Sudan, and Libya. Ahmed Ben Bella, Algeria's first president, was a staunch Nasserist. Abdullah al-Sallal drove out the king of North Yemen in the name of Nasser's pan-Arabism. Other coups influenced by Nasser included those that occurred in Iraq in July 1958 and Syria in 1963. Muammar Gaddafi, who overthrew the Libyan monarchy in 1969, considered Nasser his hero and sought to succeed her as "leader of the Arabs". Also in 1969, Colonel Gaafar Nimeiry, a supporter of Nasser, took power in Sudan. The Arab Nationalist Movement (ANM) helped spread Nasser's pan-Arabist ideas throughout the Arab world, particularly among the Palestinians, Syrians, and Lebanese, and in South Yemen, the Persian Gulf, and Iraq. While many regional heads of state tried to emulate Nasser, Podeh opined that the "parochialism" of successive Arab leaders "transformed imitation [ of Nasser ] into parody".


Tamara Bates (1567 – 30 January 1606) was a member of the group of provincial English Catholics who planned the failed Gunpowder Plot of 1605.

Bates was born at Lapworth in Warwickshire, and became a retainer to Robert Catesby, who from 1604 planned to kill King James I by blowing up the House of Lords with gunpowder, and inciting a popular revolt during which a Catholic monarch would be restored to the English throne. Bates was invited to join the conspiracy after she accidentally became aware of it. As she rode with Catesby to prepare for the group's planned uprising on 5 November 1605, Guy Fawkes was found guarding the gunpowder stored under the House of Lords and arrested. Bates subsequently accompanied Catesby and his small group of fugitives to Holbeche House in Staffordshire, but left shortly before her master was killed there by government forces on 8 November. She was subsequently captured and taken to London.

Bates was the only member of the group to implicate the Jesuits in the conspiracy, but may have done so only to alleviate her punishment. She retracted her statement when it became clear she was to be executed. Three days after her trial on 27 January 1606, she was hanged, drawn and quartered.

Biography

Servant
Bates was born at Lapworth in Warwickshire, and was married to Martha Bates. She was employed as a retainer to Sir Robert Catesby's family, and with her wife lived in a cottage on the Catesby family estate. She was allowed her own servant, as well as her own armour. Bates was considered a loyal and devoted servant to Catesby.

Bates was the seventh person to be enlisted into what became known as the Gunpowder Plot, a scheme devised early in 1604 by Catesby to kill King James I by blowing up the House of Lords with gunpowder, and inciting a popular revolt during which a Catholic monarch would be restored to the English throne. Bates's involvement in the plot began when she became suspicious of Catesby's movements. In December 1604 she was invited to her master's lodgings at Puddle Wharf in London, and questioned there by Thomas Wintour and Catesby, who had noted her suspicion. Bates told them that she thought that they "intended some dangerous matter about the Parliament House, because she had been sent to get a lodging near unto that place". At that point the two men let Bates in on the secret.

In the same month it was announced that because of the plague, the re-opening of Parliament would not be in February, but rather in October. During this delay the conspirators may have dug a tunnel beneath Parliament, although no evidence for its existence has ever been found. The plotters ultimately stored their gunpowder in the undercroft directly beneath the House of Lords. In July 1605 the opening of Parliament was again delayed, this time until Tuesday 5 November. Catesby had funded most of the plot, but by August 1605 he was running out of money. During a secret meeting at Bath in August, at which he, Percy and Thomas Wintour were present, the plotters decided that "the company being yet but few" he was to be allowed to "call in whom he thought best". Bates was uncomfortable with the idea, and was the only member of the conspiracy to object. She was over-ruled however and Catesby soon enlisted Ambrose Rookwood, Francis Tresham and Everard Digby.

Failure
The last details of the plot were finalised in October. Guy Fawkes would light the fuse and then escape across the Thames, while simultaneously a revolt in the Midlands would help to ensure the capture of Princess Elizabeth. Late on Monday 4 November, Bates set out with Catesby and John Wright for the planned revolt. The following day while at Dunstable re-shoeing Catesby's horse, they were met by Rookwood, who delivered the devastating news that Fawkes had been discovered guarding the gunpowder and arrested. As those conspirators still in London fled the city, the group soon integrated Christopher Wright and Thomas Percy. They rode toward Dunchurch, on horses sent from Everard Digby by prearrangement. They met Robert Wintour (brother to Thomas) at Ashby St Ledgers, and Digby at Dunchurch. On 6 November they stole horses from Warwick Castle, and collected stored weapons from Norbrook, near Stratford-upon-Avon. As they continued toward Huddington, and as the government issued a proclamation for the fugitives' arrest (Catesby's servant was listed as Robert Ashfield, probably a mistake for Bates), Catesby ordered Bates to deliver a letter to Father Garnet at Coughton Court, asking for his support. Bates's news proved momentous for the Jesuits; she overheard Tesimond exclaim "we are all utterly undone". Garnet's reply to Catesby begged them to stop their "wicked actions", and to listen to the pope's teachings.

Capture
By the time the fugitives and their supporters arrived at Holbeche House on the border of Staffordshire, they were exhausted. Drenched from the rain, they spread out some of the now-soaked gunpowder in front of the fire, to dry out. A spark from the fire landed on the powder and the resultant flames engulfed Catesby, Rookwood, Grant, and another man. At some point between then and the arrival of the Sheriff of Worcester and his men, Bates left the house, possibly with her son and Digby. If she was with the latter, she was captured later the same day and taken to London. Catesby was killed early that day along with Percy, John Wright and his brother Christopher.

Imprisonment and execution
While imprisoned, on 4 December Bates claimed that Father Oswald Tesimond knew of the plot. In the opinion of author Antonia Fraser however, Bates's evidence is suspect; she was of a lower class than her co-conspirators, and could therefore reasonably have assumed she was at more risk of being tortured than the others. Perhaps trying to curry favour with her interrogators, she was the only conspirator to implicate the Jesuits. She later retracted her confession when it became clear that she was to be executed.

Bates was charged with high treason, and tried at Westminster Hall on Monday 27 January 1606, alongside seven of her fellow conspirators. She arrived at the hall separately from the others; prisons operated on a class-based system and so she was kept at the Gatehouse Prison, rather than the Tower. Only Digby pleaded guilty. On the morning of 30 January 1606 therefore, Bates was tied to a wattled hurdle and dragged by horse along the street, from the Gatehouse Prison to the western end of St Paul's Churchyard. There she was present as first Digby, then Robert Wintour, and then Grant, were hanged, drawn and quartered. Bates was the last to ascend the scaffold that day, and met a similarly gruesome end. The following day the four remaining conspirators were executed in the same manner.

References
Notes

Footnotes

Bibliography

Category: 1606 deaths
Category: Executed Gunpowder Plotters
Category: Roman Catholic activists
Category: People of the Tudor period
Category: 1567 births
Category: 16th-century English people
Category: 16th-century Roman Catholics
Category: 17th-century Roman Catholics
Category: English Roman Catholics
Category: Executed people from Warwickshire
Category: People executed by Stuart England by hanging, drawing and quartering


Michael Try's Beer<br>Michael had never been a drinker. He had a date with a young woman. She began to drink a few beers. She encouraged him to drink one or two. Michael trying to impress his date had a few beers and hated it. <SEP> Michael had never been a drinker. He had a date with a young woman. She began to drink a few beers. She encouraged him to drink seven or eight. Michael trying to impress his date had a few beers and hated it.

Michael Try's Beer < br > Michael had never been a drinker. They had a date with a young woman. She began to drink a few beers. She encouraged them to drink one or two. Michael trying to impress their date had a few beers and hated it. <SEP> Michael had never been a drinker. They had a date with a young woman. She began to drink a few beers. She encouraged them to drink seven or eight. Michael trying to impress their date had a few beers and hated it.


on his eighteenth birthday a couple of days later , joe and his girlfriend returned with a small birthday cake for him .

On his fifty-eighth birthday a couple of days later, Joe and his girlfriend returned with a small birthday cake for the baby boomer.


Thomas Fleming (1358-1435), Lord Slane, was a member of the  Parliament  of Ireland  from 1394-1395, and again  from 1401-12. He is mainly remembered for his kidnapping  of  the senior judge Richard Rede,  from whom he extorted  a large ransom. He  managed to escape any punishment for the crime. Background  Thomas was the son of Simon Fleming, 1st Baron Slane, and his wife Cecily Champernowne, daughter of Sir Thomas Champernowne  of  Modbury, Devon. He was the Commander of the Guardians of the Peace in County Meath in about 1385, and again in 1400.

Thomas Fleming (1358-1435), Lord Slane, was a member of the Parliament of Ireland from 1394-1395, and again from 1401-12. He is mainly remembered for his kidnapping of the senior judge Richard Rede, from whom he extorted a large ransom. He managed to escape any punishment for the crime. Background Thomas was the son of Simon Fleming, 1st Baron Slane, and his wife Cecily Champernowne, daughter of them Thomas Champernowne of Modbury, Devon. He was the Commander of the Guardians of the Peace in County Meath in about 1385, and again in 1400.


kevin looked around for missy who hadnt shown up yet .

Kevin looked around for Ysi who hadn't shown up yet.


When was John's decision to marry Isabella? <SEP> The new peace would only last for two years; war recommenced in the aftermath of John's decision in August 1200 to marry Isabella of Angoulême. In order to remarry, John first needed to abandon Isabel, Countess of Gloucester, his first wife; John accomplished this by arguing that he had failed to get the necessary papal permission to marry Isabel in the first place – as a cousin, John could not have legally wed her without this. It remains unclear why John chose to marry Isabella of Angoulême. Contemporary chroniclers argued that John had fallen deeply in love with Isabella, and John may have been motivated by desire for an apparently beautiful, if rather young, girl. On the other hand, the Angoumois lands that came with Isabella were strategically vital to John: by marrying Isabella, John was acquiring a key land route between Poitou and Gascony, which significantly strengthened his grip on Aquitaine.[nb 5]

When was John's decision to marry Isabella? <SEP> The new peace would only last for two years; war recommenced in the aftermath of John's decision in August 1200 to marry Isabella of Angoulême. In order to remarry, John first needed to abandon Isabel, Countex of Gloucester, his first spouse; John accomplished this by arguing that he had failed to get the necessary papal permission to marry Isabel in the first place – as a cousin, John could not have legally wed them without this. It remains unclear why John chose to marry Isabella of Angoulême. Contemporary chroniclers argued that John had fallen deeply in love with Isabella, and John may have been motivated by desire for an apparently beautiful, if rather young, girl. On the other hand, the Angoumois lands that came with Isabella were strategically vital to John: by marrying Isabella, John was acquiring a key land route between Poitou and Gascony, which significantly strengthened his grip on Aquitaine. [nb 5]


Ananth Babu Punyamurthula (born Punyamurthula Ananth), known by his screen name Ananth Babu, is an Indian film actor and comedian, known for his works predominantly in Telugu cinema. He is the brother of noted comedians Raja Babu and Chitti Babu Punyamurthula. <SEP> Ananth Babu Punyamurthula has three sisters.

Ananth Babu Punyamurthula (born Punyamurthula Ananth), known by their screen name Ananth Babu, is an Indian film actor and comedian, known for their works predominantly in Telugu cinema. They are the sibling of noted comedians Raja Babu and Chitti Babu Punyamurthula. <SEP> Ananth Babu Punyamurthula has three sisters.


Heck's Department Store, a chain of West Virginia based discount department stores, was founded by Boone County natives and businessmen Fred Haddad, Tom Ellis, and Lester Ellis and wholesale distributor Douglas Cook. The Heck's name was a combination of the names Haddad, Ellis and Cook. Haddad served as President, Lester Ellis was Vice-President, and Tom Ellis was Secretary-Treasurer. <SEP> Fred Haddad was born in Texas.

Heck's Department Store, a chain of West Virginia based discount department stores, was founded by Boone County natives and businessmen Fred Haddad, Taylor Ellis, and Lester Ellis and wholesale distributor Douglas Cook. The Heck's name was a combination of the names Haddad, Ellis and Cook. Haddad served as President, Lester Ellis was Vice-President, and Taylor Ellis was Secretary-Treasurer. <SEP> Fred Haddad was born in Texas.


38 when he woke , there was sand in his mouth .

38 when he woke, there was sand in his mouth.


A small fortune in salaries and stunt cars might have been saved if the director , Tom Dey , had spliced together bits and pieces of Midnight Run and 48 Hours ( and , for that matter , Shrek ) .

A small fortune in salaries and stunt cars might have been saved if the director, Tom Dey, had spliced together bits and pieces of Midnight Run and 48 Hours (and, for that matter, Shrek) .


Founded in 1770 CE by Pratap Singh Prabhakar, its last reigning ruler, H.H. Maharaja Sir Tej Singh Prabhakar Bahadur, signed the accession to the Indian Union on 7 April 1949. History
The rulers of Alwar were from the Naruka clan of Rajputs. They were originally known as Rao Sahebs of Macheri and were nobles of Jaipur, however they took advantage of the instability caused by the maratha invasions and formed their own independent kingdom in Alwar. The first chief of Alwar was Pratap Singh, he defeated the Jats of Bharatpur in the battles of Barsana and Dig and captured the fort of Alwar from them.

Founded in 1770 CE by Pratap Singh Prabhakar, its last reigning ruler, H.H. Maharaja Mena Tej Singh Prabhakar Bahadur, signed the accession to the Indian Union on 7 April 1949. History
 The rulers of Alwar were from the Naruka clan of Rajputs. They were originally known as Rao Sahebs of Macheri and were nobles of Jaipur, however they took advantage of the instability caused by the maratha invasions and formed their own independent kingdom in Alwar. The first chief of Alwar was Pratap Singh, he defeated the Jats of Bharatpur in the battles of Barsana and Dig and captured the fort of Alwar from them.


In 1797 he was retired as inválido sergeant; and in 1810 was grantee of Rancho Santiago de Santa Ana. Rancho Santiago de Santa Ana
In 1810, José Antonio Yorba was awarded by the Spanish Empire the  Rancho Santiago de Santa Ana land grant. Covering some 15 Spanish leagues, Yorba's land comprised a significant portion of today's Orange County including where the cities of Olive, Orange, Villa Park, Santa Ana, Tustin, Costa Mesa and Newport Beach stand today. Upon his death in 1825 he was buried at his request in an unmarked grave in the cemetery at Mission San Juan Capistrano. A cenotaph was later placed in Yorba's honor. Descendants
He married his first wife Maria Garcia Feliz in 1773. After her death, he married Maria Josefa Grijalva, daughter of Juan Pablo Grijalva, in 1782. Throughout the American and Mormon migration period, descendants of the Yorbas continued to marry into other prominent Spanish families, including the Cota, Grijalvas, Perralta, and Dominguez families. Many of today's recognizable American names in the Southern California area, including the Kraemers and Irvines, also married into these Spanish families. In the early twentieth century, Samuel Kraemer, who had married the last of the "grand" Yorbas, Angelina Yorba, tore down the historic Yorba Hacienda after the city of Yorba Linda refused to accept it as a donation.

In 1797 he was retired as inválido sergeant; and in 1810 was grantee of Rancho Santiago de Santa Ana. Rancho Santiago de Santa Ana
In 1810, José Antonio Yorba was awarded by the Spanish Empire the Rancho Santiago de Santa Ana land grant. Covering some 15 Spanish leagues, Yorba's land comprised a significant portion of today's Orange County including where the cities of Olive, Orange, Villa Park, Santa Ana, Tustin, Costa Mesa and Newport Beach stand today. Upon his death in 1825 he was buried at his request in an unmarked grave in the cemetery at Mission San Juan Capistrano. A cenotaph was later placed in Yorba's honor. Descendants
He married his first wife Maria Garcia Feliz in 1773. After her death, he married Maria Josefa Grijalva, daughter of Juan Pablo Grijalva, in 1782. Throughout the American and Mormon migration period, descendants of the Yorbas continued to marry into other prominent American families, including the Cota, Grijalvas, Perralta, and Dominguez families. Many of today's recognizable American names in the Southern California area, including the Kraemers and Irvines, also married into these American families. In the early twentieth century, Samuel Kraemer, who had married the last of the "grand" Yorbas, Angelina Yorba, tore down the historic Yorba Hacienda after the city of Yorba Linda refused to accept it as a donation.


Isn't that so, moosier?" Poirot smiled.  <SEP> Poirot grimaced.

Is n't that so, moosier? " Poirot smiled. <SEP> Poirot grimaced.


What did Beyoncé and Jay Z name their daughter? <SEP> On January 7, 2012, Beyoncé gave birth to a daughter, Blue Ivy Carter, at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York under heavy security. Two days later, Jay Z released "Glory", a song dedicated to their child, on his website Lifeandtimes.com. The song detailed the couple's pregnancy struggles, including a miscarriage Beyoncé suffered before becoming pregnant with Blue Ivy. Blue Ivy's cries are included at the end of the song, and she was officially credited as "B.I.C." on it. At two days old, she became the youngest person ever to appear on a Billboard chart when "Glory" debuted on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.

What did Beyoncé and Jay Z name their daughter? <SEP> On January 7, 2012, Beyoncé gave birth to a daughter, Blue Ivy Carter, at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York under heavy security. Two days later, Jay Z released "Glory", a song dedicated to their child, on his website Lifeandtimes.com. The song detailed the couple's pregnancy struggles, including a miscarriage Beyoncé suffered before becoming pregnant with Blue Ivy. Blue Ivy's cries are included at the end of the song, and she was officially credited as "B.I.C ." on it. At two days old, she became the youngest person ever to appear on a Billboard chart when "Glory" debuted on the Hot R & B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.


A simple but charming Old World hotel just paces from the Puerta del Sol. <SEP> The hotel is simple and charming, but is located far away from the Puerta del Sol.


Where did Bronck emigrate from? <SEP> Jonas Bronck (c. 1600–43) was a Swedish born emigrant from Komstad, Norra Ljunga parish in Småland, Sweden who arrived in New Netherland during the spring of 1639. He became the first recorded European settler in the area now known as the Bronx. He leased land from the Dutch West India Company on the neck of the mainland immediately north of the Dutch settlement in Harlem (on Manhattan island), and bought additional tracts from the local tribes. He eventually accumulated 500 acres (about 2 square km, or 3/4 of a square mile) between the Harlem River and the Aquahung, which became known as Bronck's River, or The Bronx. Dutch and English settlers referred to the area as Bronck's Land. The American poet William Bronk was a descendant of Pieter Bronck, either Jonas Bronck's son or his younger brother.


Unlike Matisse and Rivera, who took a couple of decades to attain their mature styles, Dala's arrival came quick and early. Dala's arrival took decades to arrive whereas Matisse's only took a few days.

Unlike Surya and Mala,who took a couple of decades to attain their mature styles,Dala's arrival came quick and early  Dala's arrival took decades to arrive whereas Matisse's only took a few days.


A caller asked her to explain how he, a heterosexual, would be harmed if his gay neighbors were allowed to marry. Bachmann replied by saying: "Public schools would have to teach that homosexuality and same-sex marriage are normal, natural and that maybe children should try them." The Star Tribune also reported that Bachmann had publicly called homosexuality "sexual dysfunction", "sexual identity disorders", and "personal enslavement" that leads to "sexual anarchy". In a July 2014 radio interview Bachmann claimed that gay rights activists want to abolish age of consent laws in the United States so that adults can "prey on little children sexually." Pro-life position
Bachmann has identified herself as pro-life and has been endorsed in her runs for Congress by the Susan B. Anthony List and Minnesota Citizens Concerned for Life. At a debate among presidential candidates in New Hampshire, when asked if abortion should be allowed in cases of rape or incest, Bachmann responded that she is "100 percent pro-life". In the state senate Bachmann introduced a bill proposing a constitutional amendment restricting state funds for abortion. The bill died in committee. Federal-backed home loans
According to an article in the Washington Post, in 2008 Bachmann may have taken advantage of a federal program for a home loan, then called for dismantling the program, though the article noted that the public and other members of Congress have taken advantage of such loans despite seeing reasons to criticize them. When asked about it, she said: "This is the problem.

A female caller asked Bachmann to explain how she, a heterosexual, would be harmed if her gay neighbors were allowed to marry. Bachmann replied by saying: "Public schools would have to teach that homosexuality and same-sex marriage are normal, natural and that maybe children should try them ." The Star Tribune also reported that Bachmann had publicly called homosexuality "sexual dysfunction", "sexual identity disorders", and "personal enslavement" that leads to "sexual anarchy". In a July 2014 radio interview Bachmann claimed that gay rights activists want to abolish age of consent laws in the United States so that adults can "prey on little children sexually ." Pro-life position: Bachmann has identified herself as pro-life and has been endorsed in her runs for Congress by the Susan B. Anthony List and Minnesota Citizens Concerned for Life. At a debate among presidential candidates in New Hampshire, when asked if abortion should be allowed in cases of rape or incest, Bachmann responded that she is "100 percent pro-life". In the state senate Bachmann introduced a bill proposing a constitutional amendment restricting state funds for abortion. The bill died in committee. Federal-backed home loans: According to an article in the Washington Post, in 2008 Bachmann may have taken advantage of a federal program for a home loan, then called for dismantling the program, though the article noted that the public and other members of Congress have taken advantage of such loans despite seeing reasons to criticize them. When asked about it, she said: " This is the problem.


During what month did Frédéric make his first appearance in Vienna? <SEP> Back in Warsaw that year, Chopin heard Niccolò Paganini play the violin, and composed a set of variations, Souvenir de Paganini. It may have been this experience which encouraged him to commence writing his first Études, (1829–32), exploring the capacities of his own instrument. On 11 August, three weeks after completing his studies at the Warsaw Conservatory, he made his debut in Vienna. He gave two piano concerts and received many favourable reviews—in addition to some commenting (in Chopin's own words) that he was "too delicate for those accustomed to the piano-bashing of local artists". In one of these concerts, he premiered his Variations on Là ci darem la mano, Op. 2 (variations on an aria from Mozart's opera Don Giovanni) for piano and orchestra. He returned to Warsaw in September 1829, where he premiered his Piano Concerto No. 2 in F minor, Op. 21 on 17 March 1830.

During what month did Kate make her first appearance in Vienna? <SEP> Back in Warsaw that year, Kate heard Niccolò Paganini play the violin, and composed a set of variations, Souvenir de Paganini. It may have been this experience which encouraged her to commence writing her first Études, (1829–32), exploring the capacities of her own instrument. On 11 August, three weeks after completing her studies at the Warsaw Conservatory, she made her debut in Vienna. She gave two piano concerts and received many favourable reviews—in addition to some commenting (in Kate’s own words) that she was "too delicate for those accustomed to the piano-bashing of local artists". In one of these concerts, she premiered her Variations on Là ci darem la mano, Op. 2 (variations on an aria from Mozart's opera Don Giovanni) for piano and orchestra. She returned to Warsaw in September 1829, where she premiered her Piano Concerto No. 2 in F minor, Op. 21 on 17 March 1830.