Thomas Bates (1567 – 30 January 1606) was a member of the group of provincial English Catholics who planned the failed Gunpowder Plot of 1605.

Bates was born at Lapworth in Warwickshire, and became a retainer to Robert Catesby, who from 1604 planned to kill King James I by blowing up the House of Lords with gunpowder, and inciting a popular revolt during which a Catholic monarch would be restored to the English throne.  Bates was invited to join the conspiracy after he accidentally became aware of it.  As he rode with Catesby to prepare for the group's planned uprising on 5 November 1605, Guy Fawkes was found guarding the gunpowder stored under the House of Lords and arrested.  Bates subsequently accompanied Catesby and his small group of fugitives to Holbeche House in Staffordshire, but left shortly before his master was killed there by government forces on 8 November.  He was subsequently captured and taken to London.

Bates was the only member of the group to implicate the Jesuits in the conspiracy, but may have done so only to alleviate his punishment.  He retracted his statement when it became clear he was to be executed.  Three days after his trial on 27 January 1606, he was hanged, drawn and quartered.

Biography

Servant
Bates was born at Lapworth in Warwickshire, and was married to Martha Bates.  He was employed as a retainer to Sir Robert Catesby's family, and with his wife lived in a cottage on the Catesby family estate. He was allowed his own servant, as well as his own armour.  Bates was considered a loyal and devoted servant to Catesby.

Bates was the seventh man to be enlisted into what became known as the Gunpowder Plot, a scheme devised early in 1604 by Catesby to kill King James I by blowing up the House of Lords with gunpowder, and inciting a popular revolt during which a Catholic monarch would be restored to the English throne. Bates's involvement in the plot began when he became suspicious of Catesby's movements.  In December 1604 he was invited to his master's lodgings at Puddle Wharf in London, and questioned there by Thomas Wintour and Catesby, who had noted his suspicion.  Bates told them that he thought that they "intended some dangerous matter about the Parliament House, because he had been sent to get a lodging near unto that place."  At that point the two men let Bates in on the secret.

In the same month it was announced that because of the plague, the re-opening of Parliament would not be in February, but rather in October.  During this delay the conspirators may have dug a tunnel beneath Parliament, although no evidence for its existence has ever been found. The plotters ultimately stored their gunpowder in the undercroft directly beneath the House of Lords. In July 1605 the opening of Parliament was again delayed, this time until Tuesday 5 November. Catesby had funded most of the plot, but by August 1605 he was running out of money.  During a secret meeting at Bath in August, at which he, Percy and Thomas Wintour were present, the plotters decided that "the company being yet but few" he was to be allowed to "call in whom he thought best".  Bates was uncomfortable with the idea, and was the only member of the conspiracy to object.  He was over-ruled however, and Catesby soon enlisted Ambrose Rookwood, Francis Tresham and Everard Digby.

Failure
The last details of the plot were finalised in October.  Guy Fawkes would light the fuse and then escape across the Thames, while simultaneously a revolt in the Midlands would help to ensure the capture of Princess Elizabeth. Late on Monday 4 November, Bates set out with Catesby and John Wright for the planned revolt.  The following day while at Dunstable re-shoeing Catesby's horse, they were met by Rookwood, who delivered the devastating news that Fawkes had been discovered guarding the gunpowder and arrested.  As those conspirators still in London fled the city, the group soon integrated Christopher Wright and Thomas Percy.  They rode toward Dunchurch, on horses sent from Everard Digby by prearrangement.  They met Robert Wintour (brother to Thomas) at Ashby St Ledgers, and Digby at Dunchurch. On 6 November they stole horses from Warwick Castle, and collected stored weapons from Norbrook, near Stratford-upon-Avon.  As they continued toward Huddington, and as the government issued a proclamation for the fugitives' arrest (Catesby's servant was listed as Robert Ashfield, probably a mistake for Bates), Catesby ordered Bates to deliver a letter to Father Garnet at Coughton Court, asking for his support.  Bates's news proved momentous for the Jesuits; he overheard Tesimond exclaim "we are all utterly undone".  Garnet's reply to Catesby begged them to stop their "wicked actions", and to listen to the pope's teachings.

Capture
By the time the fugitives and their supporters arrived at Holbeche House on the border of Staffordshire, they were exhausted.  Drenched from the rain, they spread out some of the now-soaked gunpowder in front of the fire, to dry out.  A spark from the fire landed on the powder and the resultant flames engulfed Catesby, Rookwood, Grant, and another man. At some point between then and the arrival of the Sheriff of Worcester and his men, Bates left the house, possibly with his son and Digby.  If he was with the latter, he was captured later the same day and taken to London. Catesby was killed early that day along with Percy, John Wright and his brother Christopher.

Imprisonment and execution
While imprisoned, on 4 December Bates claimed that Father Oswald Tesimond knew of the plot.  In the opinion of author Antonia Fraser however, Bates's evidence is suspect; he was of a lower class than his co-conspirators, and could therefore reasonably have assumed he was at more risk of being tortured than the others. Perhaps trying to curry favour with his interrogators, he was the only conspirator to implicate the Jesuits.  He later retracted his confession when it became clear that he was to be executed.

Bates was charged with high treason, and tried at Westminster Hall on Monday 27 January 1606, alongside seven of his fellow conspirators. He arrived at the hall separately from the others; prisons operated on a class-based system and so he was kept at the Gatehouse Prison, rather than the Tower.  Only Digby pleaded guilty.  On the morning of 30 January 1606 therefore, Bates was tied to a wattled hurdle and dragged by horse along the street, from the Gatehouse Prison to the western end of St Paul's Churchyard.  There he was present as first Digby, then Robert Wintour, and then Grant, were hanged, drawn and quartered.  Bates was the last to ascend the scaffold that day, and met a similarly gruesome end. The following day the four remaining conspirators were executed in the same manner.

References
Notes

Footnotes

Bibliography

Category:1606 deaths
Category:Executed Gunpowder Plotters
Category:Roman Catholic activists
Category:People of the Tudor period
Category:1567 births
Category:16th-century English people
Category:16th-century Roman Catholics
Category:17th-century Roman Catholics
Category:English Roman Catholics
Category:Executed people from Warwickshire
Category:People executed by Stuart England by hanging, drawing and quartering

Thomas Bates (1567 – 30 January 1606) was a member of the group of provincial English Catholics who planned the failed Gunpowder Plot of 1605.

Bates was born at Lapworth in Warwickshire, and became a retainer to Robert Catesby, who from 1604 planned to kill King James I by blowing up the House of Lords with gunpowder, and inciting a popular revolt during which a Catholic monarch would be restored to the English throne. Bates was invited to join the conspiracy after he accidentally became aware of it. As he rode with Catesby to prepare for the group's planned uprising on 5 November 1605, Guy Fawkes was found guarding the gunpowder stored under the House of Lords and arrested. Bates subsequently accompanied Catesby and his small group of fugitives to Holbeche House in Staffordshire, but left shortly before his master was killed there by government forces on 8 November. He was subsequently captured and taken to London.

Bates was the only member of the group to implicate the Jesuits in the conspiracy, but may have done so only to alleviate his punishment. He retracted his statement when it became clear he was to be executed. Three days after his trial on 27 January 1606, he was hanged, drawn and quartered.

Biography

Servant
Bates was born at Lapworth in Warwickshire, and was married to Martha Bates. He was employed as a retainer to Sir Robert Catesby's family, and with his wife lived in a cottage on the Catesby family estate. He was allowed his own servant, as well as his own armour. Bates was considered a loyal and devoted servant to Catesby.

Bates was the seventh man to be enlisted into what became known as the Gunpowder Plot, a scheme devised early in 1604 by Catesby to kill King James I by blowing up the House of Lords with gunpowder, and inciting a popular revolt during which a Catholic monarch would be restored to the English throne. Bates's involvement in the plot began when he became suspicious of Catesby's movements. In December 1604 he was invited to his master's lodgings at Puddle Wharf in London, and questioned there by Thomas Wintour and Catesby, who had noted his suspicion. Bates told them that he thought that they "intended some dangerous matter about the Parliament House, because he had been sent to get a lodging near unto that place". At that point the two men let Bates in on the secret.

In the same month it was announced that because of the plague, the re-opening of Parliament would not be in February, but rather in October. During this delay the conspirators may have dug a tunnel beneath Parliament, although no evidence for its existence has ever been found. The plotters ultimately stored their gunpowder in the undercroft directly beneath the House of Lords. In July 1605 the opening of Parliament was again delayed, this time until Tuesday 5 November. Catesby had funded most of the plot, but by August 1605 he was running out of money. During a secret meeting at Bath in August, at which he, Percy and Thomas Wintour were present, the plotters decided that "the company being yet but few" he was to be allowed to "call in whom he thought best". Bates was uncomfortable with the idea, and was the only member of the conspiracy to object. He was over-ruled however and Catesby soon enlisted Ambrose Rookwood, Francis Tresham and Everard Digby.

Failure
The last details of the plot were finalised in October. Guy Fawkes would light the fuse and then escape across the Thames, while simultaneously a revolt in the Midlands would help to ensure the capture of Prince Edward. Late on Monday 4 November, Bates set out with Catesby and John Wright for the planned revolt. The following day while at Dunstable re-shoeing Catesby's horse, they were met by Rookwood, who delivered the devastating news that Fawkes had been discovered guarding the gunpowder and arrested. As those conspirators still in London fled the city, the group soon integrated Christopher Wright and Thomas Percy. They rode toward Dunchurch, on horses sent from Everard Digby by prearrangement. They met Robert Wintour (brother to Thomas) at Ashby St Ledgers, and Digby at Dunchurch. On 6 November they stole horses from Warwick Castle, and collected stored weapons from Norbrook, near Stratford-upon-Avon. As they continued toward Huddington, and as the government issued a proclamation for the fugitives' arrest (Catesby's servant was listed as Robert Ashfield, probably a mistake for Bates), Catesby ordered Bates to deliver a letter to Father Garnet at Coughton Court, asking for his support. Bates's news proved momentous for the Jesuits; he overheard Tesimond exclaim "we are all utterly undone". Garnet's reply to Catesby begged them to stop their "wicked actions", and to listen to the pope's teachings.

Capture
By the time the fugitives and their supporters arrived at Holbeche House on the border of Staffordshire, they were exhausted. Drenched from the rain, they spread out some of the now-soaked gunpowder in front of the fire, to dry out. A spark from the fire landed on the powder and the resultant flames engulfed Catesby, Rookwood, Grant, and another man. At some point between then and the arrival of the Sheriff of Worcester and his men, Bates left the house, possibly with his son and Digby. If he was with the latter, he was captured later the same day and taken to London. Catesby was killed early that day along with Percy, John Wright and his brother Christopher.

Imprisonment and execution
While imprisoned, on 4 December Bates claimed that Father Oswald Tesimond knew of the plot. In the opinion of author Antonia Fraser however, Bates's evidence is suspect; he was of a lower class than his co-conspirators, and could therefore reasonably have assumed he was at more risk of being tortured than the others. Perhaps trying to curry favour with his interrogators, he was the only conspirator to implicate the Jesuits. He later retracted his confession when it became clear that he was to be executed.

Bates was charged with high treason, and tried at Westminster Hall on Monday 27 January 1606, alongside seven of his fellow conspirators. He arrived at the hall separately from the others; prisons operated on a class-based system and so he was kept at the Gatehouse Prison, rather than the Tower. Only Digby pleaded guilty. On the morning of 30 January 1606 therefore, Bates was tied to a wattled hurdle and dragged by horse along the street, from the Gatehouse Prison to the western end of St Paul's Churchyard. There he was present as first Digby, then Robert Wintour, and then Grant, were hanged, drawn and quartered. Bates was the last to ascend the scaffold that day, and met a similarly gruesome end. The following day the four remaining conspirators were executed in the same manner.

References
Notes

Footnotes

Bibliography

Category: 1606 deaths
Category: Executed Gunpowder Plotters
Category: Roman Catholic activists
Category: People of the Tudor period
Category: 1567 births
Category: 16th-century English people
Category: 16th-century Roman Catholics
Category: 17th-century Roman Catholics
Category: English Roman Catholics
Category: Executed people from Warwickshire
Category: People executed by Stuart England by hanging, drawing and quartering


Vijayan's community initiatives include a Police Call Centre at Kozhikode, and Pink Autos programme in Thiruvananthapuram for safe travel by women,. He also initiated an innovative "Punyam Poonkavanam"  project to promote waste cleanup at the Sabarimala pilgrimage site and a Traffic Safety & Learning Centre at Thrissur, and School Protection Groups. In August 2005, Vijayan, as Commissioner of Police, Kochi City, constituted a team of "Shadow Police" as the first of its kind in the State. Subsequently, such units have been formed and are functional in Kozhikode, Thrissur and Trivandrum. He also initiated the State Temple anti-Theft Squad in Kerala. In acknowledgement of his efforts to promote a drug-free community, Vijayan was awarded a fellowship in 2013 to attend the Global Tobacco Control Leadership Programme at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Institute for Public Health in Washington DC, USA. Subsequently, Vijayan has been designated as state coordinator to lead the statewide school-level anti-drug abuse campaign of Government of Kerala, viz. "Safe Campus Clean Campus"

Youth initiatives

Early in his professional career, Vijayan realised that it was necessary for police to connect with youth in a healthy and positive manner. This would not only create a good image of the police in young minds, but also channel the adolescent fascination with authority in a positive and productive manner. Thus, Vijayan launched a Student Police Cadet Project in August 2010 in 127 schools across Kerala, with 11176 students - both boys and girls - enrolled as Cadets (G.O (P) No 121/2010/Home dtd 29-05-2010).

Vijania's community initiatives include a Police Call Centre at Kozhikode, and Pink Autos programme in Thiruvananthapuram for safe travel by women, . She also initiated an innovative "Punyam Poonkavanam" project to promote waste cleanup at the Sabarimala pilgrimage site and a Traffic Safety & Learning Centre at Thrissur, and School Protection Groups. In August 2005, Vijania, as Commissioner of Police, Kochi City, constituted a team of "Shadow Police" as the first of its kind in the State. Subsequently, such units have been formed and are functional in Kozhikode, Thrissur and Trivandrum. She also initiated the State Temple anti-Theft Squad in Kerala. In acknowledgement of his efforts to promote a drug-free community, Vijania was awarded a fellowship in 2013 to attend the Global Tobacco Control Leadership Programme at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Institute for Public Health in Washington DC, USA. Subsequently, Vijania has been designated as state coordinator to lead the statewide school-level anti-drug abuse campaign of Government of Kerala, viz. "Safe Campus Clean Campus" Youth initiatives Early in his professional career, Vijania realized that it was necessary for police to connect with youth in a healthy and positive manner. This would not only create a good image of the police in young minds, but also channel the adolescent fascination with authority in a positive and productive manner. Thus, Vijania launched a Student Police Cadet Project in August 2010 in 127 schools across Kerala, with 11176 students-both boys and girls-enrolled as Cadets (G.O (P) No 121/2010/Home dtd 29-05-2010) .


The 1985 Tolly Cobbold English Professional Championship was a professional non-ranking snooker tournament, which took place in February 1985 in Ipswich, England.

Steve Davis won the title by defeating Tony Knowles 9–2 in the final.

Main draw

References

English Professional Championship
English Professional Championship
English Professional Championship

The 1985 Tolly Cobbold English Professional Championship was a professional non-ranking snooker tournament, which took place in February 1985 in Beijing, China.

Steve Davis won the title by defeating Tony Knowles 9–2 in the final.

Main draw:

References:

English Professional Championship.
English Professional Championship.
English Professional Championship.


The law "makes it a felony to harm or threaten a lawyer, corporation counsel or guardian ad litem for work on a family law case". Family background  According to a Wausau Daily Herald interview with Naly Vang, her marriage to Nengmy had been fraught with trouble over its 25-year tenure. Naly Vang, a Laotian immigrant, met Nengmy when she was 16, and married a year later when Naly was 17 and Nengmy was 21. She had their first of seven children shortly after the marriage began. Around 2007, according to Naly, Nengmy began spending more time away from home, drinking heavily and leaving Naly to run the household.


Oskar Wilhelm Robert Paul Ludwig von Beneckendorff und von Hindenburg (31 January 1883 – 12 February 1960) was a German "Generalleutnant". The son and aide-de-camp to Field Marshal and Reich President Paul von Hindenburg had considerable influence on the appointment of Adolf Hitler as German chancellor in January 1933. <SEP> robert paul was a boy

Oskar Wilhelm Robert Paul Ludwig von Beneckendorff und von Hindenburg (31 January 1883 – 12 February 1960) was a German "Generalleutnant". The son and aide-de-camp to Field Marshal and Reich President Paul von Hindenburg had considerable influence on the appointment of Adolf Hitler as German chancellor in January 1933. robert paul was a boy <SEP> The son and aide-de-camp to Field Marshal and Reich President Paul von Hindenburg had considerable influence on the appointment of Adolf Hitler as German chancellor in January 1933. robert paul was a boy


`` Nicholas Nickleby '' is a perfect family film to take everyone to since there 's no new `` A Christmas Carol '' out in the theaters this year .

"Nicholas Nickleby" is a perfect family film to take everyone to since there's no old"A Christmas Carol" out in the theaters this year.


Nahid Gabrallah Seidahmed () is a Sudanese Human rights activist, director of Seema Center. and Nominated for Human Rights Tulip award.

Early life
She born in Malakal, South Sudan and lived in Singa, Khartoum, Malakal, Maloot, Alobaid, Jabl Awliaa, where she got her primary and intermediate studies due to her father's work in the Sudanese Post Office Corporation.

Career
Nahid worked for women and (young) girls and victims of Gender Based Violence.

She started activism in the high school when she joined the democratic front for students. She had participated in the student movements that were calling for democracy and students rights, and because of her activism she was suspended from school for several days, she had then joined the faculty of Science in the University of Khartoum where she continued her political and social activities.

During that period she was elected as a member in the faculty's association for two terms. She was also elected for Khartoum University Students Union (KUSU), term 1984 - 1985, representing the democratic front in the Coalition of the Nationalist Parties, and had been the first female to serve as a secretary-general of it.

Nahid was arrested in March 1985 for her political activities and was released a day after the 1985 revolution. After her graduation in 1989, the authorities denied her job opportunities and created constraints against her right to make a livelihood, and that was due to her activism, in 2004 she obtained her high diploma in human rights from the University of Khartoum.

In 2008 she founded Seema Center for Training and Protection of Women and Children's Rights, a nonprofit organization aiming to protect women and children, which for many years has provided support to women and girls in situations of violence and social aggression, and also aiming at filling the huge gap in service-provision for victims of violence.

In 2009, Nahid co-founded No-To-Women's-Oppression initiative to fight against the public order laws.

Awards

 Champions of Human Rights Medal, Delegation of the European Union to Sudan, 2018

References

Category:Living people
Category:Year of birth missing (living people)
Category:People from Upper Nile (state)
Category:University of Khartoum alumni
Category:Sudanese women's rights activists

Nasir Gabriel Seidahmed () is a Sudanese Human rights activist, director of Seema Center. and Nominated for Human Rights Tulip award.

Early life
He was born in Malakal, South Sudan and lived in Singa, Khartoum, Malakal, Maloot, Alobaid, Jabl Awliaa, where he got his primary and intermediate studies due to his father's work in the Sudanese Post Office Corporation.

Career
Nasir worked for women and (young) girls and victims of Gender Based Violence.

He started activism in the high school when he joined the democratic front for students. He had participated in the student movements that were calling for democracy and students rights, and because of his activism he was suspended from school for several days, he had then joined the faculty of Science in the University of Khartoum where he continued his political and social activities.

During that period he was elected as a member in the faculty's association for two terms. He was also elected for Khartoum University Students Union (KUSU), term 1984-1985, representing the democratic front in the Coalition of the Nationalist Parties, and had been the first male to serve as a secretary-general of it.

Nasir was arrested in March 1985 for his political activities and was released a day after the 1985 revolution. After his graduation in 1989, the authorities denied him job opportunities and created constraints against his right to make a livelihood, and that was due to his activism, in 2004 he obtained his high diploma in human rights from the University of Khartoum.

In 2008 he founded Seema Center for Training and Protection of Women and Children's Rights, a nonprofit organization aiming to protect women and children, which for many years has provided support to women and girls in situations of violence and social aggression, and also aiming at filling the huge gap in service-provision for victims of violence.

In 2009, Nasir co-founded No-To-Women's-Oppression initiative to fight against the public order laws.

Awards

Champions of Human Rights Medal, Delegation of the European Union to Sudan, 2018

References

Category: Living people
Category: Year of birth missing (living people)
Category: People from Upper Nile (state)
Category: University of Khartoum alumni
Category: Sudanese women's rights activists


Trial lawyers courted him and his party with tons of money. <SEP> Trial lawyers were seeking him out because they were sure that he could help their case.


Plot
The special begins with Linus roller-skating all over town. On his way back from a birthday party, he passes by a garden where he hears someone singing ("O Mio Babbino Caro") As he enters the garden, he learns that a little girl named Mimi is the person that was singing. After Linus and Mimi spend time gardening together, Linus invites her to his birthday party, and she accepts the invitation. Linus keeps hearing Mimi's singing voice everywhere he goes and can't seem to stop thinking about her. As Linus is writing his guest list for his birthday party, Lucy asks who Mimi is.

The special begins with Lexy roller-skating all over town. On eir way back from a birthday party, ey pass by a garden where ey hear someone singing ("O Mio Babbino Caro") As ey enter the garden, ey learn that a little girl named Mimi is the person that was singing. After Lexy and Mimi spend time gardening together, Lexy invites her to eir birthday party, and she accepts the invitation. Lexy keeps hearing Mimi's singing voice everywhere ey go and can't seem to stop thinking about her. As Lexy is writing eir guest list for eir birthday party, Lucy asks who Mimi is.


She had known nothing of the tragedy, until awakened by Mrs. Cavendish.  <SEP> She didn't know anything about it.

She had known nothing of the tragedy, until awakened by them. <SEP> She didn't know anything about it.


Their forces included Sir Thomas de Grey of Heaton, father of the chronicler Thomas Grey. The younger Grey described the battle:  Second day of battle  During the night the English forces crossed the stream known as the Bannockburn, establishing their position on the plain beyond it. A Scottish knight, Alexander Seton, who was fighting in the service of Edward II of England, deserted the English camp and told Bruce that English morale was low and encouraged him to attack. In the morning the Scots advanced from New Park. Not long after daybreak, Edward was surprised to see the Scottish pikemen emerge from the cover of the woods and advance towards his position.

Their forces included Sir Thomas de Grey of Heaton, father of the chronicler Thomas Grey. The younger Grey described the battle: Second day of battle During the night the English forces crossed the stream known as the Bannockburn, establishing their position on the plain beyond it. A Scottish knight, Alex Seton, who was fighting in the service of Edward II of England, deserted the English camp and told Bruce that English morale was low and encouraged him to attack. In the morning the Scots advanced from New Park. Not long after daybreak, Edward was surprised to see the Scottish pikemen emerge from the cover of the woods and advance towards her position.


Six by Sondheim is an HBO television documentary which pays tribute to Broadway composer and lyricist Stephen Sondheim. The film was directed and co-produced by James Lapine, based on an idea by Frank Rich and "centers on the backstory of six great Sondheim songs." <SEP> James Lapine came up with the idea behind the documentary.

Six by Sondheim is an HBO television documentary which pays tribute to Broadway composer and lyricist Stephen Sondheim. The film was directed and co-produced by James Lapine, based on an idea by Frank Rich and "centers on the backstory of six great Sondheim songs ." <SEP> John Lapine came up with the idea behind the documentary.


What child working conditions are they protected from? <SEP> International influences help to encourage legal actions to be taken in India, such as the Geneva Declaration of the Right of Children Act was passed in 1924. This act was followed by The Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948 to which incorporated the basic human rights and needs of children for proper progression and growth in their younger years. These international acts encouraged major changes to the workforce in India which occurred in 1986 when the Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act was put into place. This act prohibited hiring children younger than the age of 14, and from working in hazardous conditions.


I'd recognize him anywhere." <SEP> I'd recognize him in China.

I'd recognize them anywhere. " <SEP> I'd recognize them in China.


Sali Bajrami Krasniqi (1919-1987) was an Albanian folklore artist and composer from Kosovo, composing over 500 songs. Due to the poverty of the time, Krasniqi was unable to write down the songs and memorized them instead, which at the time was highly unusual. Together with Feriz Krasniqi, they wrote and transcribed many songs, in particular the song of Oso Kuka, which before only had been heard in Gjergj Fishta's version from the Lahuta e Malcis sung by the lahuta. Their instruments were the Albanian traditional instrument of Callgi, or Sharkia, and the more primitive type çifteli. Salih Bajrami was born in Llashka, Drink, in the municipality of Malisheva. Already as a 6 year old he rested in his fathers knees as he played throughout the nights in peoples homes and at weddings. His father was the first Albanian from Kosovo to use the Sharkia for Albanian folklore. Salim Bajrami created the term ”Songs of the Chimney” and referred to folklore songs being sung in Albanian homes near the fire, which served an educational and patriotic purpose. Together with Feriz Krasniqi, they sang for 20 years. In 1966, they won the Yugoslav folklore contest held in England.

Sali Bajrami Krasniqi (1919-1987) was an Albanian folklore artist and composer from Kosovo, composing over 500 songs. Due to the poverty of the time, Krasniqi was unable to write down the songs and memorized them instead, which at the time was highly unusual. Together with Feriz Krasniqi, they wrote and transcribed many songs, in particular the song of Oso Kuka, which before only had been heard in Gjergj Fishta's version from the Lahuta e Malcis sung by the lahuta. Their instruments were the Albanian traditional instrument of Callgi, or Sharkia, and the more primitive type çifteli. Sali Bajrami was born in Llashka, Drink, in the municipality of Malisheva. Already, as a 66 year old, he rested on his father's knees as he played throughout the nights in peoples homes and at weddings. His father was the first Albanian from Kosovo to use the Sharkia for Albanian folklore. Sali Bajrami created the term "Songs of the Chimney" and referred to folklore songs being sung in Albanian homes near the fire, which served an educational and patriotic purpose. Together with Feriz Krasniqi, they sang for 20 years. In 1966, they won the Yugoslav folklore contest held in England.


Returning to his boarding house, Pedro goes to Dorita's bed. He excuses himself for being drunk, but she welcomes his advanced and they make love, starting a relationship. Pedro is awakened at dawn by Muecas who needs his help as a doctor and begs him to save the life of his daughter, Florita, who is severely hemorrhaging after a botched abortion. Pedro tries to do what he can to save the girl's life, but she dies in spite of his efforts. With the horrific death of her sister, Conchi reveals that Muecas was the father of the dead child in an incestuous relationship with his own daughter.

Returning to his boarding house, Pedro goes to Dorita's bed. He excuses himself for being drunk, but she welcomes his advanced and they make love, starting a relationship. Pedro is awakened at dawn by Muecas who needs his help as a doctor and begs him to save the life of his daughter, Florita, who is severely hemorrhaging after a botched abortion. Pedro tries to do what he can to save the girl's life, but she dies in spite of his efforts. With the horrific death of her sister, Conchi reveals that Muecas was the father of the dead man in an incestuous relationship with his own daughter.


Is there a group of more self-absorbed women than the mother and daughters featured in this film ?

Is there a group of more self-absorbed females than the mother and daughters featured in this film?


Tommy's Honour is a 2016 historical drama film depicting the lives and careers of, and the complex relationship between, the pioneering Scottish golfing champions Old Tom Morris and his son Young Tom Morris. The film is directed by Jason Connery, and the father and son are portrayed by Peter Mullan and Jack Lowden. The film won Best Feature Film at the 2016 British Academy Scotland Awards. <SEP> Jason Connery has never been to London.

Tommy's Honour is a 2016 historical drama film depicting the lives and careers of, and the complex relationship between, the pioneering Hispanic golfing champions Old Tom Morris and his son Young Tom Morris. The film is directed by Jason Connery, and the father and son are portrayed by Peter Mullan and Jack Lowden. The film won Best Feature Film at the 2016 British Academy Scotland Awards. <SEP> Jason Connery has never been to London.


When did Shiba Yoshimasa die? <SEP> In the 13th century, Hōjō Shigetoki (1198–1261 AD) wrote: "When one is serving officially or in the master's court, he should not think of a hundred or a thousand people, but should consider only the importance of the master." Carl Steenstrup noted that 13th and 14th century warrior writings (gunki) "portrayed the bushi in their natural element, war, eulogizing such virtues as reckless bravery, fierce family pride, and selfless, at times senseless devotion of master and man". Feudal lords such as Shiba Yoshimasa (1350–1410 AD) stated that a warrior looked forward to a glorious death in the service of a military leader or the Emperor: "It is a matter of regret to let the moment when one should die pass by....First, a man whose profession is the use of arms should think and then act upon not only his own fame, but also that of his descendants. He should not scandalize his name forever by holding his one and only life too dear....One's main purpose in throwing away his life is to do so either for the sake of the Emperor or in some great undertaking of a military general. It is that exactly that will be the great fame of one's descendants."

When did Shiba Yoshimasa die? <SEP> In the 13th century, Hōjō Shigetoki (1198–1261 AD) wrote: "When one is serving officially or in the master's court, he should not think of a hundred or a thousand people, but should consider only the importance of the master. "Carl Steenstrup noted that 13th and 14th century warrior writings (gunki) "portrayed the bushi in their natural element, war, eulogizing such virtues as reckless bravery, fierce family pride, and selfless, at times senseless devotion of master and man". Feudal lords such as Shiba Yoshimasa (1350–1410 AD) stated that a warrior looked forward to a glorious death in the service of a military leader or the Emperor: "It is a matter of regret to let the moment when one should die pass by .... First, a man whose profession is the use of arms should think and then act upon not only his own fame, but also that of his descendants. He should not scandalize his name forever by holding his one and only life too dear.... One's main purpose in throwing away his life is to do so either for the sake of the Emperor or in some great undertaking of a military general. It is that exactly that will be the great fame of one's descendants".


while the increased military presence made it difficult for henrik to insert himself back into the country , it also provided a surefire route for his escape , especially for a man with his connections .

While the increased military presence made it difficult for Henri to insert theirself back into the country, it also provided a surefire route for their escape, especially for a person with their connections.


Hezlet then turned Trenchant to bring her stern tubes to bear and fired two more torpedoes at 1224, but missed. Torpedoes fired by Ashigara at Trenchants periscope missed, but a fire caused by the first hits had spread rapidly through Ashigara causing a huge pall of smoke to obscure Hezlet's view.Kamikaze had returned to the area and dropped three patterns of depth charges, but these were no closer than  from Trenchant. Ashigara capsized to starboard at 1239, and Kamikaze picked up survivors, assisted by two local vessels. Trenchant remained submerged and escaped to the north of Bangka Strait, returning to Subic Bay, Philippines on 20 June 1945, followed by Stygian on 27 June 1945. Aftermath Losses in the sinking were heavy; out of 1,600 troops, only 400 were saved, while 850 of her crew were rescued, including Captain Miura. Ashigara had been the last remaining major Japanese warship in the area after the cruiser  was sunk the previous month by British destroyers. After her sinking, the 10th Area Fleet based out of Singapore was left with Kamikaze as its only significant surface ship. The sinking of Ashigara earned Hezlet a bar to his DSO and the U.S. Legion of Merit. HMS Trenchant'' flew the Jolly Roger as a tribute to her success when she reached her base at Trincomalee. Tactically it was one of the most brilliant submarine attacks of the war in terms of range.

Hezlet then turned Trenchant to bring her stern tubes to bear and fired two more torpedoes at 1224, but missed. Torpedoes fired by Ashigara at Trenchants periscope missed, but a fire caused by the first hits had spread rapidly through Ashigara causing a huge pall of smoke to obscure Hezlet's view.Kamikaze had returned to the area and dropped three patterns of depth charges, but these were no closer than from Trenchant. Ashigara capsized to starboard at 1239, and Kamikaze picked up survivors, assisted by two local vessels. Trenchant remained submerged and escaped to the north of Bangka Strait, returning to Subic Bay, Philippines on 20 June 1945, followed by Stygian on 27 June 1945. Aftermath
 Losses in the sinking were heavy; out of 1,600 troops, only 400 were saved, while 850 of her crew were rescued, including Captain Miura. Ashigara had been the last remaining major Japanese warship in the area after the cruiser was sunk the previous month by British destroyers. After her sinking, the 10th Area Fleet based out of Singapore was left with Kamikaze as its only significant surface ship. The sinking of Ashigara earned Hezlet a bar to his DSO and the U.S. Legion of Merit. HMS Trenchant" flew the Jolly Roger as a tribute to her success when she reached her base at Trincomalee. Tactically it was one of the most brilliant submarine attacks of the war in terms of range.


Sancho Alfónsez (or Adefónsez) (ca. 1093 – 29 May 1108) was the only son of King Alfonso VI of Castile and León; his mother was the Moorish princess Zaida. Alfonso's heir from May 1107, he eventually co-ruled from Toledo. He predeceased his father, being killed while trying to escape the field of the Battle of Uclés. His death, on his first recorded military expedition, precipitated a succession crisis that ended with the accession of his elder half-sister Urraca and her husband, Alfonso the Battler, already King of Navarre and Aragon, to the throne of Kingdom of Castile-León.

Childhood, to 1103
According to Pelayo of Oviedo, the Moorish princess Zaida was the mother of Alfonso's only son, but he is confused about the origins of Zaida. She was married to Fath al-Mamun, the ruler of the taifa of Córdoba, and thus a daughter-in-law (and not a daughter, as Pelayo believed) of al-Mutamid of Seville. Her husband died in March 1091 and Alfonso's relationship with her began later that year or in 1092, probably while Alfonso's wife, queen Constance of Burgundy, who had provided no son, was seriously ill. Constance died in Autumn 1093. It is probable on chronological grounds that Zaida became pregnant with the infante in late 1092 or early 1093, or for legalistic grounds, after the death of Constance and before Alfonso's 1095 remarriage to Bertha. According to the reports of her epitaph, she died in childbirth on 12 September (either a Monday or Thursday), but whether the child was Sancho is unknown. Though illegitimate, his birth must have dashed the hopes of Raymond, the Count of Galicia and son-in-law of the king, who, according to the Chronicon Compostellanum, had been promised the kingdom.

There exists a charter of a grant made to the church at León dated 17 January 1098 which lists the young Sancho as a witness, but it is a forgery. Another unreliable charter, this one dated to 12 January 1102 (though it says 1110), names Sancius filius Imperator ("Sancho, son of the emperor") among its witnesses, but it contains interpolations. Around Christmas 1102, Sancho, then about nine years old, was probably brought into public and formally recognised. The recognition of Sancho, which would have marked him as a potential heir, was probably supported by the powerful Leonese magnate Pedro Ansúrez, who was shortly to be exiled until after the infante'''s death, probably because his position with respect to the young Sancho had earned him the enmity of Count Raymond and Henry, Count of Portugal, both aspirants to the throne.

Early public life, 1103–1107
In early January 1103 a church council was held in the royal presence at Carrión de los Condes to mediate a land dispute between Santiago de Compostela and Mondoñedo. Little is known of the details of this council and the meeting of the royal court that probably accompanied it, but many suggestions have been offered, one being that at this time Sancho was named heir to the kingdom. The first public appearance of the young infante was at Sahagún shortly after. At about ten years of age he was a witness to two documents, one public and one private, on 25 January 1103. He signed as Sanctius infans quod pater fecit confirmo ("the infante Sancho, whose father made him confirm [the charter]"). He thereafter figures more and more in royal charters. Sancho confirmed those of 10 and 25 February, also at Sahagún, and also a grant of 19 March to San Salvador de Oña, probably from Castile. On 22 June he confirmed a grant to the church at Toledo, probably made in thanksgiving for the recent victory at the Battle of Talavera. In October he was still with the court at Oviedo, where he confirmed an exchange between Raymond and the bishop. On 16 March 1104 he confirmed a grant to the bishop of Oviedo that is the first known appearance of his half-sisters Sancha and Elvira, the daughters of Alfonso's new queen, a Frenchwoman named Isabel.

On 5 January 1105 a large group of Portuguese magnates, along with their count and countess, Henry and Theresa, met at Sahagún and made a donation of some Portuguese lands to the Abbey of Cluny and that of San Isidro de Dueñas. Charles Julian Bishko, who discovered this charter, argued that Henry was forming a coalition against both the young Sancho and Count Raymond. This, however, presumes the absence of Alfonso from his own court. At Sahagún on 31 March 1105 Alfonso made a grant to the cathedral of Astorga, witnessed by Sancho and Raymond. Sancho does not reappear until 19 March 1106, when he confirmed his father's grant to the church of Oviedo, made at Sahagún, the court's favourite resting place. He then confirmed a private charter at Sahagún on 18 January 1107. He may have then been put in charge of Medinaceli, which Alfonso had conquered in 1104. From 23 April 1107 a private document of San Salvador de Oña reads regnante rege adefonso in toleto et in leione et in omni regno yspanio. Santius filius. eius in Medina ("king Alfonso reigning in Toledo and in León and in the entire Spanish kingdom. Sancho, his son, [reigning] in Medinaceli"). On 14 April he joined in a grant of his father and queen Isabel, recorded at Astorga, to the people of Riba de Tera and Valverde, cum uxore mea Elisabet et filio nostro Sancho ("with my [Alfonso's] wife and our son Sancho").

Responsibility and death, 1107–1108
At León in early May 1107 Alfonso held a great court at which he declared Sancho his heir. On 14 May Alfonso's granted the right of coinage to the bishop of Santiago de Compostela and the grant was confirmed by Sancho, who for the first time signed as regnum electus patri factum ("made king-elect by his father"). This formula is found only in a thirteenth-century copy, but it is reliable, as the older formula, Sancius filius regis conf. ("Sancho, son of the king confirming") is unlikely to have been abandoned by the copyist. Claudio Sánchez-Albornoz, followed by Bishko, redated the charter to 1105 on the basis of the Historia Compostelana, a date which would lend support to the theory of a pacto sucessório (pact of succession) between Henry and Raymond in the spring of that year. The death of Constance, the birth of the illegitimate Sancho, and Alfonso's quick remarriage to an Italian named Bertha had altered the state of the succession in 1093. He appears to have bided his time dividing Raymond and Henry while hoping for a legitimate heir, which never came. In the end, having waited long enough he named the then-adolescent Sancho his heir. On 27 May 1107 Raymond died. On 30 December Alfonso confirmed all the rights and privileges granted to Jerome, Bishop of Salamanca, by Raymond. Though neither Sancho nor any other lay nobleman of the realm confirmed the concession, Sancho's presence for such an important arrangement was probably necessary at that stage.

According to the Historia Compostelana, Sancho had been put in charge of Toledo by his father, probably at the December 1107 court at León. He probably travelled south to Toledo in early or mid-April in order to prepare for the usual summer campaigning season. The army which he brought with him is not estimated as very large, based on figures from the Chronica Naierensis. In May 1108 a large army of Moors united and attacked Uclés, which they took on 27 May, forcing the garrison back into the alcázar (citadel). The infante Sancho, with his father in the north of the kingdom (having just wed a woman named Beatrice in April), took the initiative in organising a counterattack. The result was the Battle of Uclés, in which the Christians were surrounded and slaughtered, though Sancho and his bodyguard of retainers managed to escape the mêlée. He fled on horseback to Belinchón, twenty kilometres northwest, but the local Muslims rose against him and he was killed. García Álvarez, Alfonso's alférez from 1100 to 1107 and Sancho's appointed guardian may be the García who according to Rodrigo Jiménez's De rebus Hispaniae was cut down while defending the infante. He died without issue.

Notes

References
Reilly, Bernard F. 1982. The Kingdom of León-Castilla under Queen Urraca, 1109–1126. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Reilly, Bernard F. 1988. The Kingdom of León-Castilla under King Alfonso VI, 1065–1109. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Salazar y Acha, Jaime de. 1992. "Contribución al estudio del reinado de Alfonso VI de Castilla: algunas aclaraciones sobre su política matrimonial." Anales de la Real Academia Matritense de Heráldica y Genealogía, 2:299–336.
Salazar y Acha, Jaime de. 2007. "De nuevo sobre la mora Zaida." Hidalguía: la Revista de Genealogía, Nobreza y Armas''. 54:225–242.

External links

Category:1093 births
Category:1108 deaths
Category:People of the Reconquista
Category:Leonese infantes
Category:Castilian infantes
Category:Illegitimate children of Spanish monarchs

Sancho Alfónsez (or Adefónsez) (ca. 1093 – 29 May 1108) was the only son of King Alfonso VI of Castile and León; his mother was the Moorish princess Zaida. Alfonso's heir from May 1107, he eventually co-ruled from Toledo. He predeceased his father, being killed while trying to escape the field of the Battle of Uclés. His death, on his first recorded military expedition, precipitated a succession crisis that ended with the accession of his elder half-brother Uriah and his husband, Alfonso the Battler, already King of Navarre and Aragon, to the throne of Kingdom of Castile-León.

Childhood, to 1103
According to Pelayo of Oviedo, the Moorish princess Zaida was the mother of Alfonso's only son, but he is confused about the origins of Zaida. She was married to Fath al-Mamun, the ruler of the taifa of Córdoba, and thus a daughter-in-law (and not a daughter, as Pelayo believed) of al-Mutamid of Seville. Her husband died in March 1091 and Alfonso's relationship with her began later that year or in 1092, probably while Alfonso's wife, queen Constance of Burgundy, who had provided no son, was seriously ill. Constance died in Autumn 1093. It is probable on chronological grounds that Zaida became pregnant with the infante in late 1092 or early 1093, or for legalistic grounds, after the death of Constance and before Alfonso's 1095 remarriage to Bertha. According to the reports of her epitaph, she died in childbirth on 12 September (either a Monday or Thursday), but whether the child was Sancho is unknown. Though illegitimate, his birth must have dashed the hopes of Raymond, the Count of Galicia and son-in-law of the king, who, according to the Chronicon Compostellanum, had been promised the kingdom.

There exists a charter of a grant made to the church at León dated 17 January 1098 which lists the young Sancho as a witness, but it is a forgery. Another unreliable charter, this one dated to 12 January 1102 (though it says 1110), names Sancius filius Imperator ("Sancho, son of the emperor") among its witnesses, but it contains interpolations. Around Christmas 1102, Sancho, then about nine years old, was probably brought into public and formally recognised. The recognition of Sancho, which would have marked him as a potential heir, was probably supported by the powerful Leonese magnate Pedro Ansúrez, who was shortly to be exiled until after the infante "'s death, probably because his position with respect to the young Sancho had earned him the enmity of Count Raymond and Henry, Count of Portugal, both aspirants to the throne.

Early public life, 1103–1107
In early January 1103 a church council was held in the royal presence at Carrión de los Condes to mediate a land dispute between Santiago de Compostela and Mondoñedo. Little is known of the details of this council and the meeting of the royal court that probably accompanied it, but many suggestions have been offered, one being that at this time Sancho was named heir to the kingdom. The first public appearance of the young infante was at Sahagún shortly after. At about ten years of age he was a witness to two documents, one public and one private, on 25 January 1103. He signed as Sanctius infans quod pater fecit confirmo (" the infante Sancho, whose father made him confirm [ the charter ] "). He thereafter figures more and more in royal charters. Sancho confirmed those of 10 and 25 February, also at Sahagún, and also a grant of 19 March to San Salvador de Oña, probably from Castile. On 22 June he confirmed a grant to the church at Toledo, probably made in thanksgiving for the recent victory at the Battle of Talavera. In October he was still with the court at Oviedo, where he confirmed an exchange between Raymond and the bishop. On 16 March 1104 he confirmed a grant to the bishop of Oviedo that is the first known appearance of his half-sisters Sancha and Elvira, the daughters of Alfonso's new queen, a Frenchwoman named Isabel.

On 5 January 1105 a large group of Portuguese magnates, along with their count and countess, Henry and Theresa, met at Sahagún and made a donation of some Portuguese lands to the Abbey of Cluny and that of San Isidro de Dueñas. Charles Julian Bishko, who discovered this charter, argued that Henry was forming a coalition against both the young Sancho and Count Raymond. This, however, presumes the absence of Alfonso from his own court. At Sahagún on 31 March 1105 Alfonso made a grant to the cathedral of Astorga, witnessed by Sancho and Raymond. Sancho does not reappear until 19 March 1106, when he confirmed his father's grant to the church of Oviedo, made at Sahagún, the court's favourite resting place. He then confirmed a private charter at Sahagún on 18 January 1107. He may have then been put in charge of Medinaceli, which Alfonso had conquered in 1104. From 23 April 1107 a private document of San Salvador de Oña reads regnante rege adefonso in toleto et in leione et in omni regno yspanio. Santius filius. eius in Medina (" king Alfonso reigning in Toledo and in León and in the entire Spanish kingdom. Sancho, his son, [ reigning ] in Medinaceli "). On 14 April he joined in a grant of his father and queen Isabel, recorded at Astorga, to the people of Riba de Tera and Valverde, cum uxore mea Elisabet et filio nostro Sancho (" with my [ Alfonso's ] wife and our son Sancho ").

Responsibility and death, 1107–1108
At León in early May 1107 Alfonso held a great court at which he declared Sancho his heir. On 14 May Alfonso's granted the right of coinage to the bishop of Santiago de Compostela and the grant was confirmed by Sancho, who for the first time signed as regnum electus patri factum (" made king-elect by his father "). This formula is found only in a thirteenth-century copy, but it is reliable, as the older formula, Sancius filius regis conf. (" Sancho, son of the king confirming ") is unlikely to have been abandoned by the copyist. Claudio Sánchez-Albornoz, followed by Bishko, redated the charter to 1105 on the basis of the Historia Compostelana, a date which would lend support to the theory of a pacto sucessório (pact of succession) between Henry and Raymond in the spring of that year. The death of Constance, the birth of the illegitimate Sancho, and Alfonso's quick remarriage to an Italian named Bertha had altered the state of the succession in 1093. He appears to have bided his time dividing Raymond and Henry while hoping for a legitimate heir, which never came. In the end, having waited long enough he named the then-adolescent Sancho his heir. On 27 May 1107 Raymond died. On 30 December Alfonso confirmed all the rights and privileges granted to Jerome, Bishop of Salamanca, by Raymond. Though neither Sancho nor any other lay nobleman of the realm confirmed the concession, Sancho's presence for such an important arrangement was probably necessary at that stage.

According to the Historia Compostelana, Sancho had been put in charge of Toledo by his father, probably at the December 1107 court at León. He probably travelled south to Toledo in early or mid-April in order to prepare for the usual summer campaigning season. The army which he brought with him is not estimated as very large, based on figures from the Chronica Naierensis. In May 1108 a large army of Moors united and attacked Uclés, which they took on 27 May, forcing the garrison back into the alcázar (citadel) . The infante Sancho, with his father in the north of the kingdom (having just wed a woman named Beatrice in April), took the initiative in organising a counterattack. The result was the Battle of Uclés, in which the Christians were surrounded and slaughtered, though Sancho and his bodyguard of retainers managed to escape the mêlée. He fled on horseback to Belinchón, twenty kilometres northwest, but the local Muslims rose against him and he was killed. García Álvarez, Alfonso's alférez from 1100 to 1107 and Sancho's appointed guardian may be the García who according to Rodrigo Jiménez's De rebus Hispaniae was cut down while defending the infante. He died without issue.

Notes

References
Reilly, Bernard F. 1982. The Kingdom of León-Castilla under Queen Urraca, 1109–1126. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Reilly, Bernard F. 1988. The Kingdom of León-Castilla under King Alfonso VI, 1065–1109. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Salazar y Acha, Jaime de. 1992 ." Contribución al estudio del reinado de Alfonso VI de Castilla: algunas aclaraciones sobre su política matrimonial. "Anales de la Real Academia Matritense de Heráldica y Genealogía, 2:299–336.
Salazar y Acha, Jaime de. 2007 ." De nuevo sobre la mora Zaida. "Hidalguía: la Revista de Genealogía, Nobreza y Armas". 54:225–242.

External links

Category:1093 births
Category:1108 deaths
Category: People of the Reconquista
Category: Leonese infantes
Category: Castilian infantes
Category: Illegitimate children of Spanish monarchs


He earned a B.A. in English from Grinnell College and an M.A. in Creative Writing from San Francisco State University. He lives in Berkeley, California, with his wife, the writer Heather Mackey, and their two children. In 2011, Faulkner and Lynn Mundell co-founded 100 Word Story, an online literary journal that publishes stories that are exactly 100 words long. Stories published in 100 Word Story have been included on Wigleaf’s Top (Very) Short Fictions list and anthologized in the annual Best Small Fictions series and W.W Norton's New Micro: Exceptionally Short Fiction. In 2012, he became Executive Director of National Novel Writing Month (NaNoWriMo), taking over from founder Chris Baty. With more than 500,000 writers signing up to take part in NaNoWriMo’s programs annually, it’s the largest writing event in the world. NaNoWriMo emphasizes that everyone has a story to tell, and that everyone’s story matters. “Humans are naturally wired to tell stories because that’s how we make meaning of the world,” Faulkner said.

She earned a B.A. in English from Grinnell College and an M.A. in Creative Writing from San Francisco State University. She lives in Berkeley, California, with her wife, the writer Heather Mackey, and their two children. In 2011, Faulkner and Lynn Mundell co-founded 100 Word Story, an online literary journal that publishes stories that are exactly 100 words long. Stories published in 100 Word Story have been included on Wigleaf’s Top (Very) Short Fictions list and anthologized in the annual Best Small Fictions series and W.W. Norton's New Micro: Exceptionally Short Fiction. In 2012, she became Executive Director of National Novel Writing Month (NaNoWriMo), taking over from founder Chris Baty. With more than 500,000 writers signing up to take part in NaNoWriMo’s programs annually, it’s the largest writing event in the world. NaNoWriMo emphasizes that everyone has a story to tell, and that everyone’s story matters. “Humans are naturally wired to tell stories because that’s how we make meaning of the world,” Faulkner said.


Helen Milligan (born Helen Scott; 25 August 1962) is a Scottish-New Zealand chess player holding the FIDE titles of Candidate Master (CM) and Woman FIDE Master (WFM), and three-time Asian senior women's champion. In 2004 Milligan co-authored the book "Chess for Children" with Grandmaster Murray Chandler. She is an officer of the New Zealand Chess Federation, and works as a coach at Murray Chandler's National Chess Centre in Auckland. Chess career
Milligan has won or jointly won the Scottish women's championship three times: in 1982, 1986 and 1988. In 1983 she was joint British ladies' champion with Rani Hamid. Milligan represented Scotland in eleven Women's Chess Olympiads between 1982 and 2006. Since 2008 she has played for New Zealand in this competition, having transferred national federations in 2007. Milligan became Oceania women's champion at the Queenstown Chess Classic tournament in January 2012. She also competed in Women's Zonal Chess Championships in Bath 1987, Blackpool 1990, Delden 1993, Saint Vincent 1999, and Gold Coast 2009. She won the Asian senior women's champion title in 2015 in Larestan, Iran, 2016 in Mandalay, Myanmar and 2017 in Auckland.

Harvey Milligan (born Harvey Scott; 25 August 1962) is a Scottish-New Zealand chess player holding the FIDE titles of Candidate Master (CM) and Woman FIDE Master (WFM), and three-time Asian senior women's champion. In 2004 Milligan co-authored the book "Chess for Children" with Grandmaster Murray Chandler. He is an officer of the New Zealand Chess Federation, and works as a coach at Murray Chandler's National Chess Centre in Auckland. Chess career
 Milligan has won or jointly won the Scottish women's championship three times: in 1982, 1986 and 1988. In 1983 he was joint British ladies' champion with Rani Hamid. Milligan represented Scotland in eleven Women's Chess Olympiads between 1982 and 2006. Since 2008 he has played for New Zealand in this competition, having transferred national federations in 2007. Milligan became Oceania women's champion at the Queenstown Chess Classic tournament in January 2012. He also competed in Women's Zonal Chess Championships in Bath 1987, Blackpool 1990, Delden 1993, Saint Vincent 1999, and Gold Coast 2009. He won the Asian senior women's champion title in 2015 in Larestan, Iran, 2016 in Mandalay, Myanmar and 2017 in Auckland.


even with sunglasses on and earphones covering half of his face , the pilot could see the young man in the seat next to him was quite forlorn .

Even with sunglasses on and earphones covering half of his face, the pilot could see the child in the seat next to him was quite forlorn.


Wesley Saunders (born 23 February 1963) is an English former professional football player and manager.

Saunders was born in Sunderland and brought up in Boldon Colliery, attending Boldon Comprehensive School. He began his career as a junior with Newcastle United, turning professional in June 1981.

Increasingly out of the first team picture at Newcastle, Saunders joined Bradford City on loan in March 1985, moving to Carlisle United for a fee of £20,000 in August 1985.

Saunders subsequently joined Dundee before joining Torquay United in July 1990 for a then club record fee of £60,000. He captained the Torquay side to promotion the following season, Torquay beating Blackpool on penalties in the play-off final at Wembley. The following season he had a lengthy spell as caretaker manager of the team following the sacking of John Impey, and reverted to his playing role upon the appointment of Ivan Golac as manager. His professional playing career was ended by a knee ligament injury just a couple years later.

On leaving Torquay he played non-league football for Spennymoor United and went on to play for and coach a number of non-league sides in the north east of England while working in his family's textile firm.

In summer 1998, Saunders became manager of Torquay United, this time on a permanent basis, after the departure of Kevin Hodges. He struggled to maintain the progress made by Hodges and in the 2000–01 season, Torquay struggled to the extent that former player Colin Lee was brought in as a consultant. Saunders was dismissed by Torquay on 28 March 2001 after a 1–0 defeat to Carlisle United F.C. the previous week had left the club at the bottom of the league and facing relegation to the Football Conference.

He subsequently became a player agent and his players included former England international Paul Gascoigne.

He is the brother-in-law of former Torquay United players Matt Elliott and Micky Holmes.

He now lives in East Boldon with his wife, Tina and two children, Lola and Harris Saunders. On 7 September 2014, Lola was featured as a contestant on ITV's The X Factor, passing her audition In Newcastle upon Tyne.

References

Category:1963 births
Category:Living people
Category:People from The Boldons
Category:Sportspeople from Sunderland, Tyne and Wear
Category:English footballers
Category:Newcastle United F.C. players
Category:Bradford City A.F.C. players
Category:Carlisle United F.C. players
Category:Dundee F.C. players
Category:Torquay United F.C. players
Category:English football managers
Category:Torquay United F.C. managers
Category:English Football League players
Category:Footballers from Tyne and Wear
Category:Spennymoor United F.C. players
Category:Association football central defenders
Category:Scottish Football League players

Willa Saunders (born 23 February 1963) is an English former professional football player and manager.

Saunders was born in Sunderland and brought up in Boldon Colliery, attending Boldon Comprehensive School. She began her career as a junior with Newcastle United, turning professional in June 1981.

Increasingly out of the first team picture at Newcastle, Saunders joined Bradford City on loan in March 1985, moving to Carlisle United for a fee of £20,000 in August 1985.

Saunders subsequently joined Dundee before joining Torquay United in July 1990 for a then club record fee of £60,000. She captained the Torquay side to promotion the following season, Torquay beating Blackpool on penalties in the play-off final at Wembley. The following season she had a lengthy spell as caretaker manager of the team following the sacking of John Impey, and reverted to her playing role upon the appointment of Ivan Golac as manager. Her professional playing career was ended by a knee ligament injury just a couple years later.

On leaving Torquay she played non-league football for Spennymoor United and went on to play for and coach a number of non-league sides in the north east of England while working in her family's textile firm.

In summer 1998, Saunders became manager of Torquay United, this time on a permanent basis, after the departure of Kevin Hodges. She struggled to maintain the progress made by Hodges and in the 2000–01 season, Torquay struggled to the extent that former player Colin Lee was brought in as a consultant. Saunders was dismissed by Torquay on 28 March 2001 after a 1–0 defeat to Carlisle United F.C. the previous week had left the club at the bottom of the league and facing relegation to the Football Conference.

She subsequently became a player agent and her players included former England international Paul Gascoigne.

She is the sister-in-law of former Torquay United players Matt Elliott and Micky Holmes.

She now lives in East Boldon with her wife, Tina and two children, Lola and Harris Saunders. On 7 September 2014, Lola was featured as a contestant on ITV's "The X Factor", passing her audition In Newcastle upon Tyne.

References

Category: 1963 births
Category: Living people
Category: People from The Boldons
Category: Sportspeople from Sunderland, Tyne and Wear
Category: English footballers
Category: Newcastle United F.C. players
Category: Bradford City A.F.C. players
Category: Carlisle United F.C. players
Category: Dundee F.C. players
Category: Torquay United F.C. players
Category: English football managers
Category: Torquay United F.C. managers
Category: English Football League players
Category: Footballers from Tyne and Wear
Category: Spennymoor United F.C. players
Category: Association football central defenders
Category: Scottish Football League players


Thomas Bates (1567 – 30 January 1606) was a member of the group of provincial English Catholics who planned the failed Gunpowder Plot of 1605.

Bates was born at Lapworth in Warwickshire, and became a retainer to Robert Catesby, who from 1604 planned to kill King James I by blowing up the House of Lords with gunpowder, and inciting a popular revolt during which a Catholic monarch would be restored to the English throne.  Bates was invited to join the conspiracy after he accidentally became aware of it.  As he rode with Catesby to prepare for the group's planned uprising on 5 November 1605, Guy Fawkes was found guarding the gunpowder stored under the House of Lords and arrested.  Bates subsequently accompanied Catesby and his small group of fugitives to Holbeche House in Staffordshire, but left shortly before his master was killed there by government forces on 8 November.  He was subsequently captured and taken to London.

Bates was the only member of the group to implicate the Jesuits in the conspiracy, but may have done so only to alleviate his punishment.  He retracted his statement when it became clear he was to be executed.  Three days after his trial on 27 January 1606, he was hanged, drawn and quartered.

Biography

Servant
Bates was born at Lapworth in Warwickshire, and was married to Martha Bates.  He was employed as a retainer to Sir Robert Catesby's family, and with his wife lived in a cottage on the Catesby family estate. He was allowed his own servant, as well as his own armour.  Bates was considered a loyal and devoted servant to Catesby.

Bates was the seventh man to be enlisted into what became known as the Gunpowder Plot, a scheme devised early in 1604 by Catesby to kill King James I by blowing up the House of Lords with gunpowder, and inciting a popular revolt during which a Catholic monarch would be restored to the English throne. Bates's involvement in the plot began when he became suspicious of Catesby's movements.  In December 1604 he was invited to his master's lodgings at Puddle Wharf in London, and questioned there by Thomas Wintour and Catesby, who had noted his suspicion.  Bates told them that he thought that they "intended some dangerous matter about the Parliament House, because he had been sent to get a lodging near unto that place."  At that point the two men let Bates in on the secret.

In the same month it was announced that because of the plague, the re-opening of Parliament would not be in February, but rather in October.  During this delay the conspirators may have dug a tunnel beneath Parliament, although no evidence for its existence has ever been found. The plotters ultimately stored their gunpowder in the undercroft directly beneath the House of Lords. In July 1605 the opening of Parliament was again delayed, this time until Tuesday 5 November. Catesby had funded most of the plot, but by August 1605 he was running out of money.  During a secret meeting at Bath in August, at which he, Percy and Thomas Wintour were present, the plotters decided that "the company being yet but few" he was to be allowed to "call in whom he thought best".  Bates was uncomfortable with the idea, and was the only member of the conspiracy to object.  He was over-ruled however, and Catesby soon enlisted Ambrose Rookwood, Francis Tresham and Everard Digby.

Failure
The last details of the plot were finalised in October.  Guy Fawkes would light the fuse and then escape across the Thames, while simultaneously a revolt in the Midlands would help to ensure the capture of Princess Elizabeth. Late on Monday 4 November, Bates set out with Catesby and John Wright for the planned revolt.  The following day while at Dunstable re-shoeing Catesby's horse, they were met by Rookwood, who delivered the devastating news that Fawkes had been discovered guarding the gunpowder and arrested.  As those conspirators still in London fled the city, the group soon integrated Christopher Wright and Thomas Percy.  They rode toward Dunchurch, on horses sent from Everard Digby by prearrangement.  They met Robert Wintour (brother to Thomas) at Ashby St Ledgers, and Digby at Dunchurch. On 6 November they stole horses from Warwick Castle, and collected stored weapons from Norbrook, near Stratford-upon-Avon.  As they continued toward Huddington, and as the government issued a proclamation for the fugitives' arrest (Catesby's servant was listed as Robert Ashfield, probably a mistake for Bates), Catesby ordered Bates to deliver a letter to Father Garnet at Coughton Court, asking for his support.  Bates's news proved momentous for the Jesuits; he overheard Tesimond exclaim "we are all utterly undone".  Garnet's reply to Catesby begged them to stop their "wicked actions", and to listen to the pope's teachings.

Capture
By the time the fugitives and their supporters arrived at Holbeche House on the border of Staffordshire, they were exhausted.  Drenched from the rain, they spread out some of the now-soaked gunpowder in front of the fire, to dry out.  A spark from the fire landed on the powder and the resultant flames engulfed Catesby, Rookwood, Grant, and another man. At some point between then and the arrival of the Sheriff of Worcester and his men, Bates left the house, possibly with his son and Digby.  If he was with the latter, he was captured later the same day and taken to London. Catesby was killed early that day along with Percy, John Wright and his brother Christopher.

Imprisonment and execution
While imprisoned, on 4 December Bates claimed that Father Oswald Tesimond knew of the plot.  In the opinion of author Antonia Fraser however, Bates's evidence is suspect; he was of a lower class than his co-conspirators, and could therefore reasonably have assumed he was at more risk of being tortured than the others. Perhaps trying to curry favour with his interrogators, he was the only conspirator to implicate the Jesuits.  He later retracted his confession when it became clear that he was to be executed.

Bates was charged with high treason, and tried at Westminster Hall on Monday 27 January 1606, alongside seven of his fellow conspirators. He arrived at the hall separately from the others; prisons operated on a class-based system and so he was kept at the Gatehouse Prison, rather than the Tower.  Only Digby pleaded guilty.  On the morning of 30 January 1606 therefore, Bates was tied to a wattled hurdle and dragged by horse along the street, from the Gatehouse Prison to the western end of St Paul's Churchyard.  There he was present as first Digby, then Robert Wintour, and then Grant, were hanged, drawn and quartered.  Bates was the last to ascend the scaffold that day, and met a similarly gruesome end. The following day the four remaining conspirators were executed in the same manner.

References
Notes

Footnotes

Bibliography

Category:1606 deaths
Category:Executed Gunpowder Plotters
Category:Roman Catholic activists
Category:People of the Tudor period
Category:1567 births
Category:16th-century English people
Category:16th-century Roman Catholics
Category:17th-century Roman Catholics
Category:English Roman Catholics
Category:Executed people from Warwickshire
Category:People executed by Stuart England by hanging, drawing and quartering

Thomas Bates (1567 – 30 January 1606) was a member of the group of provincial English Catholics who planned the failed Gunpowder Plot of 1605.

Bates was born at Lapworth in Warwickshire, and became a retainer to Robert Catesby, who from 1604 planned to kill King James I by blowing up the House of Lords with gunpowder, and inciting a popular revolt during which a Catholic monarch would be restored to the English throne. Bates was invited to join the conspiracy after he accidentally became aware of it. As he rode with Catesby to prepare for the group's planned uprising on 5 November 1605, Guy Fawkes was found guarding the gunpowder stored under the House of Lords and arrested. Bates subsequently accompanied Catesby and his small group of fugitives to Holbeche House in Staffordshire, but left shortly before his master was killed there by government forces on 8 November. He was subsequently captured and taken to London.

Bates was the only member of the group to implicate the Jesuits in the conspiracy, but may have done so only to alleviate his punishment. He retracted his statement when it became clear he was to be executed. Three days after his trial on 27 January 1606, he was hanged, drawn and quartered.

Biography

Servant
Bates was born at Lapworth in Warwickshire, and was married to Martha Bates. He was employed as a retainer to Sir Robert Catesby's family, and with his wife lived in a cottage on the Catesby family estate. He was allowed his own servant, as well as his own armour. Bates was considered a loyal and devoted servant to Catesby.

Bates was the seventh man to be enlisted into what became known as the Gunpowder Plot, a scheme devised early in 1604 by Catesby to kill King James I by blowing up the House of Lords with gunpowder, and inciting a popular revolt during which a Catholic monarch would be restored to the English throne. Bates's involvement in the plot began when he became suspicious of Catesby's movements. In December 1604 he was invited to his master's lodgings at Puddle Wharf in London, and questioned there by Thomas Wintour and Catesby, who had noted his suspicion. Bates told them that he thought that they "intended some dangerous matter about the Parliament House, because he had been sent to get a lodging near unto that place ." At that point the two men let Bates in on the secret.

In the same month it was announced that because of the plague, the re-opening of Parliament would not be in February, but rather in October. During this delay the conspirators may have dug a tunnel beneath Parliament, although no evidence for its existence has ever been found. The plotters ultimately stored their gunpowder in the undercroft directly beneath the House of Lords. In July 1605 the opening of Parliament was again delayed, this time until Tuesday 5 November. Catesby had funded most of the plot, but by August 1605 he was running out of money. During a secret meeting at Bath in August, at which he, Percy and Thomas Wintour were present, the plotters decided that "the company being yet but few" he was to be allowed to "call in whom he thought best". Bates was uncomfortable with the idea, and was the only member of the conspiracy to object. He was over-ruled however, and Catesby soon enlisted Ambrose Rookwood, Francis Tresham and Everard Digby.

Failure
The last details of the plot were finalised in October. Guy Fawkes would light the fuse and then escape across the Thames, while simultaneously a revolt in the Midlands would help to ensure the capture of Princess Elizabeth. Late on Monday 4 November, Bates set out with Catesby and John Wright for the planned revolt. The following day while at Dunstable re-shoeing Catesby's horse, they were met by Rookwood, who delivered the devastating news that Fawkes had been discovered guarding the gunpowder and arrested. As those conspirators still in London fled the city, the group soon integrated Christopher Wright and Thomas Percy. They rode toward Dunchurch, on horses sent from Everard Digby by prearrangement. They met Robert Wintour (brother to Thomas) at Ashby St Ledgers, and Digby at Dunchurch. On 6 November they stole horses from Warwick Castle, and collected stored weapons from Norbrook, near Stratford-upon-Avon. As they continued toward Huddington, and as the government issued a proclamation for the fugitives' arrest (Catesby's servant was listed as Robert Ashfield, probably a mistake for Bates), Catesby ordered Bates to deliver a letter to Father Garnet at Coughton Court, asking for his support. Bates's news proved momentous for the Jesuits; he overheard Tesimond exclaim "we are all utterly undone". Garnet's reply to Catesby begged them to stop their "wicked actions", and to listen to the pope's teachings.

Capture
By the time the fugitives and their supporters arrived at Holbeche House on the border of Staffordshire, they were exhausted. Drenched from the rain, they spread out some of the now-soaked gunpowder in front of the fire, to dry out. A spark from the fire landed on the powder and the resultant flames engulfed Catesby, Rookwood, Grant, and another man. At some point between then and the arrival of the Sheriff of Worcester and his men, Bates left the house, possibly with his son and Digby. If he was with the latter, he was captured later the same day and taken to London. Catesby was killed early that day along with Percy, John Wright and his brother Christopher.

Imprisonment and execution
While imprisoned, on 4 December Bates claimed that Father Oswald Tesimond knew of the plot. In the opinion of author Antonia Fraser however, Bates's evidence is suspect; he was of a lower class than his co-conspirators, and could therefore reasonably have assumed he was at more risk of being tortured than the others. Perhaps trying to curry favour with his interrogators, he was the only conspirator to implicate the Jesuits. He later retracted his confession when it became clear that he was to be executed.

Bates was charged with high treason, and tried at Westminster Hall on Monday 27 January 1606, alongside seven of his fellow conspirators. He arrived at the hall separately from the others; prisons operated on a class-based system and so he was kept at the Gatehouse Prison, rather than the Tower. Only Digby pleaded guilty. On the morning of 30 January 1606 therefore, Bates was tied to a wattled hurdle and dragged by horse along the street, from the Gatehouse Prison to the western end of St Paul's Churchyard. There he was present as first Digby, then Robert Wintour, and then Grant, were hanged, drawn and quartered. Bates was the last to ascend the scaffold that day, and met a similarly gruesome end. The following day the four remaining conspirators were executed in the same manner.

References
Notes

Footnotes

Bibliography

Category:1606 deaths
Category: Executed Gunpowder Plotters
Category: Roman Catholic activists
Category: People of the Tudor period
Category:1567 births
Category:16th-century English people
Category:16th-century Roman Catholics
Category:17th-century Roman Catholics
Category: English Roman Catholics
Category: Executed people from Warwickshire
Category: People executed by Stuart England by hanging, drawing and quartering


He attended Hiram College on a baseball scholarship and graduated with a bachelor's degree in 1970. Career  Early career While in college, Michael Stanley was in the band Silk which released an album, Smooth As Raw Silk, on ABC Records in 1969. While working as a regional manager for a record store chain, he released his first solo album, Michael Stanley, in 1973. The album and its follow-up Friends & Legends were produced by Bill Szymczyk and featured contributions from Joe Walsh, Todd Rundgren and David Sanborn. Michael Stanley Band The Michael Stanley Band was formed by Stanley in 1974 with singer-songwriter–lead guitarist Jonah Koslen, former Glass Harp bassist Daniel Pecchio and drummer Tommy Dobeck from the band Circus.

He attended Hiram College on a baseball scholarship and graduated with a bachelor's degree in 1970. Career Early career While in college, Michael Stanley was in the band Silk which released an album, Smooth As Raw Silk, on ABC Records in 1969. While working as a regional manager for a record store chain, he released his first solo album, Michael Stanley, in 1973. The album and its follow-up Friends & Legends were produced by Bill Szymczyk and featured contributions from Joe Walsh, Todd Rundgren and David Sanborn. Michael Stanley Band The Michael Stanley Band was formed by Stanley in 1974 with singer-songwriter–lead guitarist Jonah Koslen, former Glass Harp bassist Daniel Pecchio and drummer Tommy Diana from the band Circus.


His work included commissions from the Prague Mint and Paris Mint. From 1924 to 1926 he was editor of the "Dílo" art magazine. He had a long-running project (1929 to 1939) on a hill of Křemešník where he intended to establish a coin museum in an old windmill, greatly extended to accommodate the proposal. The project was designed by his architect friend Kamil Hilbert. He died in Prague on 9 February 1941. Much of his medal work is highly collectible. Originally buried in Prague he was reinterred in the cemetery at Pelhřimov in the 21st century to be close to his home town. There is  a museum in that town to his memory. Works
Prague Town Hall: medallion heads to František Soukup, Alois Rašín, Antonín Švehla, Jiří Stříbrný and Vavro Šrobár (1918)
The St. Wenceslas Ducat for the Prague Mint (1923)
Commemorative medal to Olympic winner Bedřich Šupčík (1924)
Gallery of Czech sport personalities to celebrate the centenary of Sokol (1929)
Plaque to commemorate 1000 years since the foundation of Prague (1929)
Gravestone of Joseph R. Mark (1930)
Plaque at the birthplace of Bedřich Smetana in Litomyšl
Plaque at the birthplace of Max Švabinský in Kroměříž
Plaque of Jan Hus
Plaque of Vojtěch Hynais
Plaque of Karel Havlíček Borovský in Humpolec
Bust of Pavol Orzsag-Hviezdoslav, National Museum in Prague
Bear statues on approach to the castle at Nové Město nad Metují

Publications

The Problem of Progress in Sculpture (1924)

Family

In 1918, aged 40, he married the writer and journalist, Marta Kalinová. They later lived in Větrný Zámek

Their son Zdeněk Šejnost was also a sculptor, he continued the "Windmill House" project after his father's death..

His younger son Dimitri Šejnost acquired the Windmill House.

His work included commissions from the Prague Mint and Paris Mint. From 1924 to 1926 he was editor of the "Dílo" art magazine. He had a long-running project (1929 to 1939) on a hill of Křemešník where he intended to establish a coin museum in an old windmill, greatly extended to accommodate the proposal. The project was designed by his architect friend Kamil Hilbert. He died in Prague on 9 February 1941. Much of his medal work is highly collectible. Originally buried in Prague he was reinterred in the cemetery at Pelhřimov in the 21st century to be close to his home town. There is a museum in that town to his memory. Works
 Prague Town Hall: medallion heads to František Soukup, Alois Rašín, Antonín Švehla, Jiří Stříbrný and Vavro Šrobár (1918)
 The St. Wenceslas Ducat for the Prague Mint (1923)
 Commemorative medal to Olympic winner Bedřich Šupčík (1924)
 Gallery of Czech sport personalities to celebrate the centenary of Sokol (1929)
 Plaque to commemorate 1000 years since the foundation of Prague (1929)
 Gravestone of Joseph R. Mark (1930)
 Plaque at the birthplace of Bedřich Smetana in Litomyšl
 Plaque at the birthplace of Max Švabinský in Kroměříž
 Plaque of Jan Hus
 Plaque of Vojtěch Hynais
 Plaque of Karen Havlíček Borovský in Humpolec
 Bust of Pavol Orzsag-Hviezdoslav, National Museum in Prague
 Bear statues on approach to the castle at Nové Město nad Metují
 Publications
 The Problem of Progress in Sculpture (1924)
 Family
 In 1918, aged 40, he married the writer and journalist, Marta Kalinová. They later lived in Větrný Zámek
 Their son Zdeněk Šejnost was also a sculptor, he continued the "Windmill House" project after his father's death ..
 His younger son Dimitri Šejnost acquired the Windmill House.


Cornelia Van Rensselaer Robb (b. 1874)  Louisa Robb (1877–1960), who married Goodhue Livingston (1867–1951), a prominent architect, in 1896. Harriet Bayard Robb (1881–1910), who died, unmarried, aged 29 at her father's home. In 1892, he moved into a house built for him by Stanford White, at 23 Park Avenue. Afterwards, from 1924 to 1977, the house was the location of the Advertising Club. Robb also had a house at North East Harbor in Maine. Robb died at his residence, 23 Park Avenue in New York City, from a complication of diseases. Descendants Through his son Nathaniel, he was the grandfather of Janet Henderson Robb (b.


After setting the record for the 100 yards hurdles France in 1917 in 20 seconds, she ran 14.2 seconds two years later. Historical
Suzanne Liébrard, (née Cuzin), an accountant by trade, was with her sister Jeanne and the sisters, Jeanne and Thérèse Brulé, one of the founders on 27 July 1912 of the sporting club Femina Sport which included Mrs. Faivre Bouvot as the first president. During the great War, this group indicated their desire to break with the sexual codes of physical activities current then by competing in athletics. Their club, including Alice Milliat and Germaine Delapierre, a graduate in philosophy, became a bastion of feminine sport. Sports career
A versatile sportswoman, Suzanne Lièbrard participated in July 1917 at the first women's events in the French Athletic Championships at the stadium of  Brancion at Paris. In 1921 she participated at the 1921 Women's Olympiad in Monaco. Performances
On the occasion of the championships, she established the French records in four events:
 long jump without momentum: 2.21 m
 Long jump with momentum: 4.15 m
 Javelin throwing: 15.84 m
 100 yards hurdles: 20 s
She set her javelin record of 16.45 m on 9 September 1917, at Brancion stadium again. In 1918, she won five titles, adding the 80-meter dash in which she lowered the record of Therese Brulé by .2 sec to 10.20 sec. On these occasions she set new records in the two long jump events (2.36 m), (4.66 m) and she ran 14.8 sec for the 100-yard hurdles. References

Category:French female javelin throwers
Category:French female long jumpers
Category:Year of birth missing
Category:Year of death missing
Category:French female hurdlers
Category:Women's World Games medalists

After setting the record for the 100 yards hurdles France in 1917 in 20 seconds, she ran 14.2 seconds two years later. Historical Suzanne Liébrard, (née Cuzin), an accountant by trade, was with her sibling Jean and the siblings, Jay and Taylor Brulé, one of the founders on 27 July 1912 of the sporting club Femina Sport which included Mrs. Faivre Bouvot as the first president. During the great War, this group indicated their desire to break with the sexual codes of physical activities current then by competing in athletics. Their club, including Alice Milliat and Germaine Delapierre, a graduate in philosophy, became a bastion of feminine sport. Sports career A versatile sportswoman, Suzanne Lièbrard participated in July 1917 at the first women's events in the French Athletic Championships at the stadium of Brancion at Paris. In 1921 she participated at the 1921 Women's Olympiad in Monaco. Performances On the occasion of the championships, she established the French records in four events: long jump without momentum: 2.21 m Long jump with momentum: 4.15 m Javelin throwing: 15.84 m 100 yards hurdles: 20 s She set her javelin record of 16.45 m on 9 September 1917, at Brancion stadium again. In 1918, she won five titles, adding the 80-meter dash in which she lowered the record of Therese Brulé by .2 sec to 10.20 sec. On these occasions she set new records in the two long jump events (2.36 m), (4.66 m) and she ran 14.8 sec for the 100-yard hurdles. References Category: French female javelin throwers Category: French female long jumpers Category: Year of birth missing Category: Year of death missing Category: French female hurdlers Category: Women's World Games medalists


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