Question (English): where is guatemala city located on the map
Question (Yorùbá): ibo ni ìlú guatemala wà lórí àwòrán ilẹ̀
Answer (English): Guatemala City (Spanish : Ciudad de Guatemala), locally known as Guatemala or Guate, is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Guatemala, and the most populous in Central America. The city is located in the south - central part of the country, nestled in a mountain valley called Valle de la Ermita (English : Hermitage Valley). In 2012, it had a population of 2,110,100. Guatemala City is also the capital of the local Municipality of Guatemala and of the Guatemala Department.
Answer (Yorùbá): Ìlú Guatẹmálà je oluilu ni Ariwa Amerika.

English document: Guatemala City ( Spanish : Ciudad de Guatemala ), locally known as Guatemala or Guate , is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Guatemala , and the most populous in Central America . The city is located in the south-central part of the country, nestled in a mountain valley called Valle de la Ermita (English: Hermitage Valley). In 2012, it had a population of 2,110,100. Guatemala City is also the capital of the local Municipality of Guatemala and of the Guatemala Department . Contents [ hide ] 1 History 2 Contemporary times 3 Structure and growth 4 Population 5 Communications 6 Economy and Finance 7 Places of interest by zones 8 Transportation 9 Universities and schools 10 Sports 11 Panoramic views of Guatemala City 11.1 1875 11.2 2008 12 International relations 12.1 International organizations with headquarters in Guatemala City 12.2 Twin towns — sister cities 13 Notable residents 14 Climate 14.1 Volcanic activity 14.2 Earthquakes 14.3 Mudslides 14.4 Piping pseudokarst 15 Geographic location 16 See also 17 Notes and references 17.1 References 18 Bibliography 19 External links History [ edit ] "Cerrito del Carmen" church. First construction ever built by the Spaniards in the valley that eventually became Guatemala City. Main articles: History of Guatemala City and Timeline of Guatemala City Human settlement on the present site of Guatemala City began with the Maya who built a city at Kaminaljuyu . The Spanish colonists established a small town, which was made a capital city in 1775. At this period the Central Square with the Cathedral and Royal Palace were constructed. After Central American independence from Spain the city became the capital of the United Provinces of Central America in 1821. The 19th century saw the construction of the monumental Carrera Theater in the 1850s, and the Presidential Palace in the 1890s. At this time the city was expanding around the 30 de junio Boulevard and elsewhere, displacing native settlements from the ancient site. Earthquakes in 1917–1918 destroyed many historic structures. Under Jorge Ubico in the 1930s a hippodrome and many new public buildings were constructed, although peripheral poor neighborhoods that formed after the 1917–1918 earthquakes continued to lack basic amenities. During the Guatemalan Civil War , terror attacks beginning with the burning of the Spanish Embassy in 1980 led to severe destruction and loss of life in the city. In May 2010 two disasters struck: the eruption of the Pacaya volcano, and two days later Tropical Storm Agatha . Contemporary times [ edit ] Guatemala City from Carretera a El Salvador Santiago Garcia-Salas City serves as the economic, governmental, and cultural epicenter of the nation of Guatemala. The city also functions as Guatemala's main transportation hub, hosting an international airport, La Aurora International Airport , and serving as the origination or end points for most of Guatemala's major highways. The city, with its robust economy, attracts hundreds of thousands of rural migrants from Guatemala's interior hinterlands and serves as the main entry point for most foreign immigrants seeking to settle in Guatemala. In addition to a wide variety of restaurants, hotels, shops, and a modern BRT transport system ( Transmetro ), the city is home to many art galleries, theaters, sports venues and museums (including some fine collections of Pre-Columbian art) and provides a growing number of cultural offerings. Guatemala City not only possesses a history and culture unique to the Central American region, it also furnishes all the modern amenities of a world class city, ranging from an IMAX Theater to the Ícaro film festival ( Festival Ícaro ), where independent films produced in Guatemala and Central America are debuted. Structure and growth [ edit ] Plaza España at Night Evening view from a plane C.C. Miraflores Paseo Cayalá Guatemala City is subdivided into 22 zones designed by the urban engineering of Raúl Aguilar Batres , each one with its own streets and avenues, making it pretty easy to find addresses in the city. Zones are numbered 1-25 with Zones 20, 22 and 23 not existing as they would have fallen in two other municipalities territory. Addresses are assigned according to the street or avenue number, followed by a dash and the number of metres it is away from the intersection further simplifying address location. The zones are assigned in a spiral form starting in downtown Guatemala city. The city's metro area has recently grown very rapidly and has absorbed most of the neighboring municipalities of Villa Nueva, San Miguel Petapa, Mixco , San Juan Sacatepequez, San José Pinula, Santa Catarina Pinula, Fraijanes, San Pedro Ayampuc, Amatitlán, Villa Canales, Palencia and Chinautla forming what is now known as the Guatemala City Metropolitan Area . Zone One is the Historic Center, (Centro Histórico), lying in the very heart of the city, the location of many important historic buildings including the Palacio Nacional de la Cultura (National Palace of Culture), the Metropolitan Cathedral, the National Congress, the Casa Presidencial (Presidential House), the National Library and Plaza de la Constitución (Constitution Plaza, old Central Park). Efforts to revitalize this important part of the city have been undertaken by the municipal government and have been very successful thus far. In an attempt to control rapid growth of the city, the municipal government (Municipalidad de Guatemala) headed by longtime Mayor Álvaro Arzú , has implemented a plan to control its growth based on transects along its important arterial roads and exhibitting Transit-oriented development (TOD) characteristics. This plan denominated POT (Plan de Ordenamiento Territorial) aims to allow taller building structures of mixed uses to be built next to large arterial roads and gradually decline in height and density as you move away from such. It is also worth mentioning, that due to the Airport being in the city, to the south, many Aeronautic Height Limits have been applied to the construction code. This limits the maximum height for a building, at 60 metres (200 feet) in Zone 10, up to 95 metres (312 feet) in Zone 1. The city is located in the South-Central area of the country and has a lot of green areas. Besides the parks, the city offers a portfolio of entertainment in the region, focused on the so-called Zona Viva and the Calzada Roosevelt as well as four degrees North. The activity of Casinos is considerable and possesses several located in different parts of the Zona Viva, although East market is still in the stage of initiation, although the date has been restructuring this area and is becoming more modern. One of the most outstanding mayors was the engineer Martin Prado Vélez, who took over in 1949, and ruled the city during the reformist Presidents Juan José Arévalo and Jacobo Arbenz Guzman , although he was not a member of the ruling party at the time and was elected due his well-known capabilities. Of cobanero origin, married with Marta Cobos, he studied at the University of San Carlos ; under his tenure, among other modernist works of the city, it was planned the El Incienso bridge, the construction of the Roosevelt Avenue, the main road axis from East to West of the city, the town hall building, and numerous road works which meant the widening of the colonial city, its order in the cardinal points and the generation of a ring road with the first Shamrock in the main city of Central America. In the financial district are the tallest buildings in the country including: Club Premier , Tinttorento, Atlantis building, Atrium, Tikal Futura , Building of Finances, Towers Building Batteries, Torres Botticelli, Tadeus, building of the INTECAP, Royal Towers, Towers Geminis, Industrial Bank towers, Holiday Inn Hotel, Premier of the Americas, among many others to be used for offices, apartments etc. Also include projects such as Zona Pradera and Interamerica´s World Financial Center http://www.interamericaswfc.com . The location of the La Aurora international airport within the city limits the construction of skyscrapers, changing the limits permitted directly by its location within the urban area. Population [ edit ] Aerial View of Guatemala City According to the 2017 census, the Guatemala City metropolitan area had a population of 3.3 million, making it the most populous urban agglomeration in Central America. The growth of the city's population has been robust since then, abetted by the mass migration of Guatemalans from the rural hinterlands to the largest and most vibrant regional economy in Guatemala. The inhabitants of Guatemala City are incredibly diverse given the size of the city, with those of Spanish and Mestizo descent being the most numerous. Guatemala City also has sizable indigenous populations, divided among the 23 distinct Mayan groups present in Guatemala. The numerous Mayan languages are now spoken in certain quarters of Guatemala City, making the city a linguistically rich area. Foreigners and foreign immigrants comprise the final distinct group of Guatemala City inhabitants, representing a very small minority among the city's citizens. Due to mass migration from impoverished rural districts wracked with political instability, Guatemala City's population has exploded since the 1970s, severely straining the existing bureaucratic and physical infrastructure of the city. As a result, chronic traffic congestion, shortages of safe potable water in some areas of the city, and a sudden and prolonged surge in crime have become perennial problems. The infrastructure, although continuing to grow and improve in some areas, it is lagging in relation to the increasing population of those less fortunate. Guatemala City is not unique in facing and tackling problems all too common among rapidly expanding cities around the world. Communications [ edit ] Guatemala City is headquarters to many communications and telecom companies, among them Tigo, Claro-Telgua, and Movistar-Telefónica. These companies also offer cable television, internet services and telephone access. Due to Guatemala City's large and concentrated consumer base in comparison to the rest of the country, these telecom and communications companies provide most of their services and offerings within the confines of the city. There are also seven local television channels, in addition to numerous international channels. The international channels range from children's programming channels, like Nickelodeon and the Disney Channel, to more adult offerings, such as E! and HBO. While most international programming is dominated by televised entertainment from the United States, most domestic programming is dominated by televised entertainment from Mexico. Due to its small and relatively income-restricted domestic market, Guatemala City produces very little in the way of its own programming outside of local news and sports. Economy and Finance [ edit ] Guatemala City, as the capital, is home to Guatemala's central bank, from which Guatemala's monetary and fiscal policies are formulated and promulgated. Guatemala City is also headquarters to numerous regional private banks, among them CitiBank, Banco Agromercantil, Banco Promerica, Banco Industrial, Banco GyT Continental, Banco de Antigua, Banco Reformador, Banrural, Grupo Financiero de Occidente, BAC Credomatic, and Banco Internacional. By far the richest and most powerful regional economy within Guatemala, Guatemala City is the largest market for goods and services, which provides the greatest number of investment opportunities for public and private investors in all of Guatemala. Financing for these investments is provided by the regional private banks, as well as by foreign direct and capital investment, mostly from the United States. Guatemala City's ample consumer base and sophisticated service sector is represented by the large department store chains present in the city, among them Siman, Hiper Paiz & Paiz (Walmart), Price Smart, ClubCo, Cemaco, Sears and Office Depot. Bank of Guatemala. Banrural Bank. Pradera Zone. Agromercantil Bank. G&T Continental Bank. CHN Bank. Places of interest by zones [ edit ] Guatemala City is divided into 22 zones in accordance with the urban layout plan designed by Raúl Aguilar Batres . Each zone has its own streets and avenues, facilitating navigation within the city. Zones are numbered 1 through 25. However, numbers 20, 22 and 23 have not been designated to zones, thus these zones do not exist within the city proper. Zone Main places Pictures Zone 1 Museums Historic Downtown District La Sexta Boulevard National Palace Biblioteca Nacional de Guatemala Teatro Abril Hogar Rafael Ayau Centro Cultural de España en Guatemala Guatemala National Theater. Zone 2 Guatemala Relief Map Hipódromo del Norte park Simeón Cañas Avenue Enrique Torrebiarte Baseball Stadium Relief Map of Guatemala. Zone 3 Guatemala City General Cemetery Guatemala City General Cemetery . Zone 4 La Terminal Market El Triángulo Building Cuatro Grados Norte Zone 5 Doroteo Guamuch Flores National Stadium Teodoro Palacios Flores Gym Olympic Villa Zone 6 Cementos Progreso Stadium Zone 7 Kaminaljuyú Archeological Site Erick Barrondo Sports Park Peri-Roosevelt Mall Megacentro Mall Zone 9 Torre del Reformador Parque de la Industria Avenida Reforma Obelisco Torre del Reformador . Zone 10 Universidad Francisco Marroquín Ixchel Museum of Indigenous Textiles and Clothing Universidad Galileo Museo Popol Vuh Zona Viva Jardín Botánico La Pradera mall Plaza Fontabella shopping center Oakland Mall Zone 11 Museo de Miraflores Miraflores Mall Hotel Tikal Futura Hospital Roosevelt Centro Universitario Metropolitano de la Universidad de San Carlos Calzada Roosevelt Hotel Tikal Futura, zone 11. Zone 12 Ciudad Universitaria University of San Carlos Central Campus. Zone 13 Museo Nacional de Arqueología y Etnología Museo Nacional de Arte Moderno "Carlos Mérida" Museo de los Niños Museo Nacional de Historia Natural Zoológico La Aurora La Aurora International Airport Avenida Las Américas Contraloría General de Cuentas de la Nación Universidad del Istmo Domo Polideportivo Mercado de Artesanías Reloj de Flores Antiguo Aqueducto de La Aurora Monument to Justo Rufino Barrios Monument to Tecún Umán La Aurora International Airport Zone 14 Centro Recreativo Universitario Los Arcos Las Américas Avenue Gerentes de Guatemala Association (AGG) Zone 15 Church of Latter-day Saints Guatemala City Temple Latter Day Saints Guatemala City Temple Zone 16 Universidad Rafael Landívar Guatemala Military Hospital Universidad Panamericana de Guatemala Paseo Cayalá Universidad Rafael Landívar Transmetro Transurbano La Aurora International Airport Transportation [ edit ] Renovated and expanded, La Aurora International Airport lies to the south of the city center. La Aurora serves as Guatemala's principal air hub. Public transport is provided by buses and supplemented by a BRT system. The three main highways that bisect and serve Guatemala start in the city. (CA9 Transoceanic Highway - Puerto San Jose to Puerto Santo Tomas de Castilla-, CA1 Panamerican Highway - from the Mexican border to Salvadorian border - and to Peten.) Construction of freeways and underpasses by the municipal government, the implementation of reversible lanes during peak rush-hour traffic, as well as the establishment of the Department of Metropolitan Transit Police (PMT), has helped improve traffic flow in the city. Despite these municipal efforts, the Guatemala City metropolitan area still faces growing traffic congestion. A BRT ( Bus Rapid Transit ) system called Transmetro , consisting of special-purpose lanes for high-capacity buses, began operating in 2007, and aimed to improve traffic flow in the city through the implementation of an efficient mass transit system. The system currently consists of five lines. In the future, it is expected to be made up of around 10 lines, with some over-capacity expected lines considered to be made Light Metro or Heavy Metro. Traditional buses are now required to discharge passengers at transfer stations at the city's edge to board the Transmetro. This is being implemented as new Transmetro lines become established. In conjunction with the new mass transit implementation in the city, there is also a prepaid bus card system called Transurbano that is being implemented in the metro area to limit cash handling for the transportation system. A new fleet of buses tailored for this system has been purchased from a Brazilian firm. Universities and schools [ edit ] See also: List of universities in Guatemala Guatemala City is home to ten universities, among them the oldest institution of higher education in Central America, the University of San Carlos of Guatemala . Founded in 1676, the Universidad de San Carlos is older than all North American universities except for Harvard University . The other nine institutions of higher education to be found in Guatemala City include the Universidad Mariano Gálvez, the Universidad Panamericana, the Universidad Mesoamericana, the Universidad Rafael Landivar, the Universidad Francisco Marroquín , the Universidad del Valle , the Universidad del Istmo , Universidad Galileo , Universidad da Vinci and the Universidad Rural. Whereas these nine named universities are private, the Universidad de San Carlos remains the only public institution of higher learning. Sports [ edit ] Guatemala City possesses several sportsgrounds and is home to many sports clubs. Association football is the most popular sport, with CSD Municipal , Aurora FC and Comunicaciones being the main clubs. The Estadio Mateo Flores , located in the Zone 5 of the city, is the largest stadium in the country, followed in capacity by the Estadio Cementos Progreso , Estadio del Ejército & Estadio El Trébol . An important multi-functional hall is the Domo Polideportivo de la CDAG . The city has hosted several promotional functions and some international sports events: in 1950 it hosted the VI Central American and Caribbean Games , and in 2000 the FIFA Futsal World Championship . On July 4, 2007 the International Olympic Committee gathered in Guatemala City and voted Sochi to become the host for the 2014 Winter Olympics and Paralympics . In April 2010, it hosted the XIVth Pan-American Mountain Bike Championships. Guatemala City hosted the 2008 edition of the CONCACAF Futsal Championship , played at the Domo Polideportivo from June 2 to June 8, 2008. Panoramic views of Guatemala City [ edit ] 1875 [ edit ] See also: Eadweard Muybridge Guatemala City skyline in 1875. Phographs by Eadweard Muybridge . 2008 [ edit ] Panoramic view of Guatemala City. Skyline of the zone 14 or residential buildings zone. International relations [ edit ] See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Central America International organizations with headquarters in Guatemala City [ edit ] Central American Parliament Twin towns — sister cities [ edit ] Guatemala City is twinned with: City Jurisdiction Country [ hide ] Year Caracas Capital District Venezuela 1969 San Salvador San Salvador El Salvador 1979 Madrid Madrid Spain 1983 Lima Lima Peru 1987 Santiago de Chile Metropolitan Santiago Chile 1991 Saltillo Coahuila Mexico 1993 La Habana La Habana Cuba 1997 Bogotá Distrito Capital Colombia 1997 San Pedro Sula Cortés Honduras 1999 Santa Cruz de Tenerife Santa Cruz de Tenerife Spain 2002 San José San José Costa Rica 2005 Ciudad de Panamá Panamá Panama 2005 Taipei Northern Taiwan Republic of China 2007 Managua Managua Nicaragua 2008 Beijing Beijing China 2009 Notable residents [ edit ] Raúl Aguilar Batres , Engineer, creator of Guatemala City's system of avenue/street notation Miguel Ángel Asturias , Writer and diplomat, Nobel Prize Laureate Ricardo Arjona , Singer /songwriter Manuel Colom Argueta , Former mayor of Guatemala City and politician Toti Fernández , triathlete and ultramarathon runner Juan José Gutiérrez , CEO of Pollo Campero and on the board of directors of Corporación Multi Inversiones . Has been featured on the cover of Newsweek as Super CEO and named one of the Ten Big Thinkers for Big Business. Ted Hendricks , Oakland Raiders NFL Hall Of Fame Linebacker. 5-Time Super Bowl Champion Jorge de León , performance artist Carlos Mérida , painter Gaby Moreno , Singer/ Songwriter Carlos Peña , Singer, Winner of Latin American Idol 2007 Georgina Pontaza , actress and artistic director of the Teatro Abril and Teatro Fantasía Fernando Quevedo , Theoretical Physicist, currently a professor of High Energy Physics at the university of Cambridge Rodolfo Robles , Physician, discovered onchocercosis "Robles' Disease" Fabiola Rodas , Winner of The Third TV Azteca's Desafio de Estrellas 2nd Place in The Last Generation of La Academia Carlos Ruíz , football/soccer player Alida Boer , designer/Guatemalan designer clothing Alvaro Arzu , Mayor/businessman Shery , singer / songwriter Jaime Viñals , Mountaineer (Scaled seven highest peaks in the world) Luis von Ahn , Computer Scientist, CAPTCHA 's creator and Researcher at Carnegie Mellon University Rodrigo Saravia , Guatemala national team and IK Frej footballer Climate [ edit ] Despite its location in the tropics , Guatemala City’s relatively high altitude moderates average temperatures. The city has a tropical savanna climate ( Köppen Aw ) bordering on a subtropical highland climate ( Cwb ). Guatemala City is generally warm, almost springlike, throughout the course of the year. It occasionally gets hot during the dry season, but not as hot and humid as in the cities located at sea level. The hottest month is April. The rainy season extends from May to October, coinciding with the tropical storm and hurricane season in the western Atlantic Ocean and Caribbean Sea, while the dry season extends from November to April. The city can at times be windy, which also leads to lower ambient temperatures. The average annual temperature ranges from 22 to 28 °C (72 to 82 °F) during the day, and 12 to 17 °C (54 to 63 °F) at night. Average morning relative humidity : 82%, evening relative humidity: 58%. Average dew point is 16 °C (61 °F ). [ hide ] Climate data for Guatemala City (1990–2011) Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Record high °C (°F) 30.0 (86) 32.1 (89.8) 32.0 (89.6) 33.9 (93) 33.9 (93) 31.2 (88.2) 29.1 (84.4) 30.2 (86.4) 29.8 (85.6) 28.6 (83.5) 29.9 (85.8) 28.8 (83.8) 33.9 (93) Average high °C (°F) 24.3 (75.7) 25.8 (78.4) 26.8 (80.2) 27.8 (82) 27.1 (80.8) 25.8 (78.4) 25.4 (77.7) 25.5 (77.9) 25.1 (77.2) 24.7 (76.5) 24.2 (75.6) 23.9 (75) 25.5 (77.9) Average low °C (°F) 13.2 (55.8) 13.6 (56.5) 14.6 (58.3) 16.0 (60.8) 16.8 (62.2) 16.8 (62.2) 16.3 (61.3) 16.5 (61.7) 16.4 (61.5) 16.0 (60.8) 14.7 (58.5) 13.7 (56.7) 15.4 (59.7) Record low °C (°F) 6.0 (42.8) 7.8 (46) 8.4 (47.1) 8.6 (47.5) 12.3 (54.1) 11.2 (52.2) 12.1 (53.8) 13.5 (56.3) 13.0 (55.4) 11.4 (52.5) 9.4 (48.9) 7.6 (45.7) 6.0 (42.8) Average rainfall mm (inches) 2.8 (0.11) 5.4 (0.213) 6.0 (0.236) 31.0 (1.22) 128.9 (5.075) 271.8 (10.701) 202.6 (7.976) 202.7 (7.98) 236.6 (9.315) 131.6 (5.181) 48.8 (1.921) 6.6 (0.26) 1,274.8 (50.188) Average rainy days 1.68 1.45 2.00 4.73 12.36 21.14 18.59 19.04 20.82 14.59 6.18 2.64 125.22 Average relative humidity (%) 74.3 73.4 73.2 74.3 77.3 82.4 80.8 80.9 84.5 82.0 79.2 76.0 77.8 Mean monthly sunshine hours 248.4 236.2 245.6 237.9 184.4 155.3 183.4 191.8 159.0 178.0 211.7 209.2 2,440.9 Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia Volcanic activity [ edit ] Four stratovolcanoes are visible from the city, two of them active. The nearest and most active is Pacaya , which at times erupts a considerable amount of ash. These volcanoes lie to the south of the Valle de la Ermita, providing a natural barrier between Guatemala City and the Pacific lowlands that define the southern regions of Guatemala. Agua , Fuego , Pacaya and Acatenango comprise a line of 33 stratovolcanoes that stretches across the breadth of Guatemala, from the Salvadorian border to the Mexican border. Earthquakes [ edit ] See also: 1917 Guatemala earthquake and 1976 Guatemala earthquake Lying on the Ring of Fire , the Guatemalan highlands and the Valle de la Ermita are frequently shaken by large earthquakes. The last large tremor to hit the Guatemala City region occurred in the 1976, on the Motagua Fault , a left-lateral strike-slip fault that forms the boundary between the Caribbean Plate and the North American Plate . The 1976 event registered 7.5 on the moment magnitude scale . Smaller, less severe tremors are frequently felt in Guatemala City and environs. Mudslides [ edit ] Torrential downpours, similar to the more famous monsoons, occur frequently in the Valle de la Ermita during the rainy season, leading to flash floods that sometimes inundate the city. Due to these heavy rainfalls, some of the slums perched on the steep edges of the canyons that criss-cross the Valle de la Ermita are washed away and buried under mudslides, as in October 2005. Tropical waves, tropical storms and hurricanes sometimes strike the Guatemalan highlands, which also bring torrential rains to the Guatemala City region and trigger these deadly mudslides. Piping pseudokarst [ edit ] 2007 Sinkhole The 2010 sinkhole in Zona 2 In February 2007, a very large, deep circular hole with vertical walls opened in northeastern Guatemala City ( 14°39′1.40″N 90°29′25″W ﻿ / ﻿ 14.6503889°N 90.49028°W ﻿ / 14.6503889; -90.49028 ), killing five people. This sinkhole, which is classified by geologists as either a " piping feature " or " piping pseudokarst ", was 100 metres (330 ft) deep, and apparently was created by fluid from a sewer eroding the loose volcanic ash , limestone , and other pyroclastic deposits that underlie Guatemala City. As a result, one thousand people were evacuated from the area. This piping feature has since been mitigated by City Hall by providing proper maintenance to the sewerage collection system and plans to develop the site have been proposed. However, critics believe municipal authorities have neglected needed maintenance on the city's aging sewerage system, and have speculated that more dangerous piping features are likely to develop unless action is taken. 3 years later the 2010 Guatemala City sinkhole arose. Geographic location [ edit ] The city is completely surrounded by Guatemala Department municipalities: See also [ edit ] Guatemala portal Geography portal 2007 Guatemala earthquake La Aurora International Airport List of places in Guatemala Notes and references [ edit ] References [ edit ] Bibliography [ edit ] Almengor, Oscar Guillermo (1994). "La Nueva Guatemala de la Asunción y los terremotos de 1917-18". Ciudad de Guatemala (in Spanish). Guatemala: Centro de estudios urbanos y regionales-USAC. Assardo, Luis (2010). "Llueve ceniza y piedras del Volcán de Pacaya" . El Periódico . Guatemala. Archived from the original on 4 July 2014 . Retrieved 28 May 2010 . Baily, John (1850). Central America; Describing Each of the States of Guatemala, Honduras, Salvador, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica . London: Trelawney Saunders. p. 72. Barrios Vital, Jenny Ivette (2006). "Restauración y revitalización del complejo arquitectónico de la Recolección" (PDF) (in Spanish). Guatemala: University of San Carlos of Guatemala thesis . Retrieved 2 September 2013 . Bascome Jones, J.; Scoullar, William T.; Soto Hall, Máximo (1915). El Libro azul de Guatemala (in Spanish). Searcy & Pfaff. relato é historia sobre la vida de las personas más prominentes; historia condensada de la república; artículos especiales sobre el comercio, agricultura y riqueza mineral, basado sobre las estadísticas oficiales Comisión para el Esclarecimiento Histórico: Vol. IV,2 (1999). "Atentados contra la libertad" . Programa de Ciencia y Derechos Humanos, Asociación Americana del Avance de la Ciencia (in Spanish). Guatemala: memoria del silencio. Archived from the original (Online edition) on 6 May 2013 . Retrieved 20 September 2014 . Comisión para el Esclarecimiento Histórico: Vol. IV (1999). "Atentados contra sedes municipales" . Programa de Ciencia y Derechos Humanos, Asociación Americana del Avance de la Ciencia (in Spanish). Guatemala: memoria del silencio. Archived from the original (Online edition) on 6 May 2013 . Retrieved 20 September 2014 . Conkling, Alfred R. (1884). Appleton's guide to Mexico, including a chapter on Guatemala, and a complete English-Spanish vocabulary . Nueva York: D. Appleton and Company. Dary Fuentes, Claudia (1994). "Una ciudad que empezaba a crecer". Revista Crónica, suplemento Revolución (in Spanish). Guatemala: Editorial Anahté. Diario de Navarra (2010). "El volcán Pacaya continúa activo y obliga a seguir con evacuaciones" . Diario de Navarra (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 31 July 2014 . Retrieved 5 June 2010 . El País (2010). "Socavón causado por la tormenta Agatha" . El País (in Spanish). Madrid, Spain. Archived from the original on 18 February 2012. El Periódico (31 January 2012). "Quema de embajada española" . elPeriódico (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 30 October 2013 . Retrieved 8 October 2013 . Figueroa, Luis (2011). "Bombazo en el Palacio Nacional" . Luis Figueroa Blog (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 26 June 2014 . Retrieved 25 October 2014 . Funtec (n.d.). "Mapa en Relieve de Guatemala" . Funtec-Guatemala (in Spanish). Guatemala. Archived from the original on 9 February 2008 . Retrieved 25 July 2009 . González Davison, Fernando (2008). La montaña infinita;Carrera, caudillo de Guatemala (in Spanish). Guatemala: Artemis y Edinter. ISBN 84-89452-81-4 . Guateantaño (17 October 2011). "Parques y plazas antiguas de Guatemala" . Guatepalabras Blogspot . Guatemala. Archived from the original on 27 January 2015. Halliday, W.R. (2007). "Pseudokarst in the 21st century". Journal of Cave and Karst Studies . 69 (1): 103–113. Ine (2013). "Caracterización Departamental, Guatemala 2012" (PDF) . Instituto Nacional de Estadística (in Spanish). Guatemala: Gobierno de Guatemala. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 June 2014. Hernández de León, Federico (1959). "El capítulo de las efemérides". Diario La Hora (in Spanish). Guatemala. Hernández de León, Federico (1930). El libro de las efemérides (in Spanish). Tomo III. Guatemala: Tipografía Sánchez y de Guise. La Hora (2013). "Una crónica impactante en el aniversario de la quema de la Embajada de España tras 33 años de impunidad" . Diario La Hora (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 7 December 2013 . Retrieved 8 October 2013 . La otra memoria histórica (5 December 2011). "Guatemala, viudas y huérfanos que dejó el comunismo" . La otra memoria histórica (in Spanish). Guatemala. Archived from the original on 7 December 2013 . Retrieved 10 October 2013 . Milla y Vidaurre, José (1980). Cuadros de Costumbres . Textos Modernos (in Spanish). Guatemala: Escolar Piedra Santa. Moncada Maya, José Omar (n.d.). "En torno a la destrucción de la ciudad de Guatemala, 1773. Una carta del ingeniero militar Antonio Marín" . Ub.es (in Spanish) . Retrieved 8 July 2009 . Morán Mérida, Amanda (1994). "Movimientos de pobladores en la Ciudad de Guatemala (1944-1954)" (PDF) . Boletín del CEUR-USAC (in Spanish). Guatemala: Centro de estudios urbanos y regionales-USAC (23). Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 October 2014 . Retrieved 27 September 2014 . Mundo Chapín (2013). "La Aurora y el Hipódromo del Sur" . Mundo Chapín . Guatemala. Archived from the original on 30 March 2014 . Retrieved 23 September 2014 . Municipalidad de Guatemala (August 2008). "Paso a desnivel de Tecún Umán" . Segmento cultural de la Municipalidad de Guatemala (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 24 February 2011 . Retrieved 27 September 2014 . Municipalidad de Guatemala (2014). "Mi barrio querido, Ciudad de Guatemala" (in Spanish). Guatemala City. Municipalidad de Guatemala (2007). "Conmemoración de los doscientos treinta años de fundación de la Ciudad de Guatemala" . Boletín de la Municipalidad de Guatemala . Archived from the original on 20 March 2013 . Retrieved 18 August 2009 . Municipalidad de Guatemala (2008). "Plan de Ordenamiento Territorial, Ciudad de Guatemala" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 18 September 2009. Museo Ixchel (2008). "Museo Ixchel" . Museo Ixchel del traje indígena (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2 February 2008 . Retrieved 25 July 2009 . Natural Reserve (2005). "Jardin Botanico" . Natureserve.org (in Spanish) . Retrieved 25 July 2009 . Newskeek (2005). "10 Big Thinkers for Big Business - The Daily Beast" . Newsweek.com . Retrieved 15 September 2011 . Population data (2012). "Guatemala population" . Population data . Archived from the original on 26 December 2013 . Retrieved 12 December 2012 . Prensa Libre (6 September 1980). "Avalancha terrorista en contra de la manifestación de mañana; poder público y transporte extraurbano blancos de ataque". Prensa Libre (in Spanish). Guatemala. Reilly, Michael (2 June 2010). "Don't Call the Guatemala Sinkhole a Sinkhole" . Discovery News . Retrieved 9 June 2010 . Sharer, Robert J. ; Traxler, Loa P. (2006). The Ancient Maya (6th (fully revised) ed.). Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press . ISBN 0-8047-4817-9 . OCLC 57577446 . Sydney Morning Herald (2010). "Hole that swallowed a three-story building" . Sydney Morning Herald . Archived from the original on 3 July 2014. Walker, Peter (2010). "Tropical Storm Agatha blows a hole in Guatemala City" . The Guardian . London, UK. Archived from the original on 19 March 2013. Waltham, T. (2008). "Sinkhole hazard case histories in karst terrains" . Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology . 41 (3). Woodward, Ralph Lee, Jr. (2002). "Rafael Carrera y la creación de la República de Guatemala, 1821–1871" . Serie monográfica (in Spanish). CIRMA y Plumsock Mesoamerican Studies (12). ISBN 0-910443-19-X . Woodward, Ralph Lee, Jr. (1993). Rafael Carrera and the Emergence of the Republic of Guatemala, 1821-1871 (Online edition) . Athens, Georgia EE.UU.: University of Georgia Press . Retrieved 28 December 2014 . External links [ edit ] Media related to Guatemala City at Wikimedia Commons Guatemala City travel guide from Wikivoyage Official Website of the Municipalidad de Guatemala