[2014] 13 S.C.R. 565

MOTILAL YADAV

STATE OF BIHAR

(Criminal Appeal No. 2478of2014)

NOVEMBER 25, 2014

[VIKRAMAJIT SEN AND PRAFULLA C. PANT, JJ.)

Penal Code, 1860 - ss. 364A/34 and 1208/364A - c Kidnapping of six year old boy for ransom - Conviction and sentence of accused ulss. 364A/34 and 120B/364A by court below - On appeal, held: Order pas.sed by the High Court was not cryptic or without discussion of evidence on record - On facts, nbt holding of test identification parade not fatal to o the prosecution case - Thus, order passed by High Court upheld - Evidence.

Dismissing the appeal, the Court

HELD: It cannot be said that the impugned order is E cryptic and without discussion of evidence on record.

The High Court in the impugned order discussed the evidence on record as to how from the corroboration of the statements of the witnesses the entire prosecution story and the charge stood proved. The testimony of PW F 3, father of the victim is natural as he explained in what manner he reached place 'H', and he had enough time to identify the accused who accompanied him to the persons who took money from him whereafter the victim was released. In view thereof, it cannot be said that not G holding of test identification parade was fatal for the prosecution. [Paras 10, 11, 14)(571-DE; H; 572-A;

573-C]

H 565

Rama and others v. State of Rajasthan (2002) 4 SCC 571; Badam Singh v. State of M.P (2003) 12 SCC 792; Prasad alias Hari Prasad Acharya

v. State of Karnataka (2009) 3 SCC 17 4: 2009

(1) SCR 1089; Ram Ratan v. State of Rajasthan

(2010) 13 SCC 509; Kanan and others v. State of Kera/a (1979) 3 SCC 319; Ravi Kumar v. State of Rajasthan (2012) 9 SCC 284 : 2012 (10) SCR 229; R. Shaji v. State of Kera/a (2013) 14 SCC 266: 2013 (3) SCR 1172; Ashok Debbarma alias Achak Debbarma v. State of Tripura (2014) 4 sec 747 - referred to.

Case Law Reference:

(2002) 4 sec 571 referred to Para 8

(2003) 12 sec 792 referred to Para 8

2009 (1) SCR 1089 referred to Para 8

(201 o) 13 sec 509 referred to Para 8

(1979) 3 sec 319 referred to Para 10

2012 (10) SCR 229 referred to Para 11

2013 (3) SCR 1172 referred to Para 12

(2014) 4 sec 747 referred to Para 14

CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION: Criminal Appeal No. 24 78 of 2011.

From the Judgment and Order dated 05-11-2012 of the High Court of Patna in CRLA No. 208 of 2006.

D.N. Goburdhan(AC), Prabal Bagchi, Abhishek Aggarwal, Advs. for the Appellant.

Redreshwar Singh, Samir Ali Khan Advs. for the A Respondent.

The Judgment of the Court was delivered by

PRAFULLA C. PANT, J. 1. Leave granted.

2. This appeal, by special leave, is directed against judgment and order dated 5.11.2012, passed by the High Court

of Judicature at Patna, whereby the conviction of the accusedappellant Motilal Yadav recorded under Section 364A read with Section 34 and Section 120B read with Section 364A C

IPC by learned Additional Sessions Judge, ETC 111, Bhagalpur, in Sessions Case No. 1053 of 2003/Trial No. 12 of 2004, is affirmed. The accused-appellant, along with other co-accused, has been convicted and sentenced to impriso'nment for life and directed to pay tine of Rs.5,000/- under Section 364A read D with Section 34 IPC, and further sentenced to imprisonment for a period of two years under Section 120B read with Section

364A IPC.

3. Heard learned amicus curiae for the appellant and E learned counsel for the respondent.

4. Prosecution story in brief is that PW-6, Subhash Chandra Singh, gave a written information at Police Station, Kahalgaon, on 23.4.2002 at 8.05 a.m. that his grandson Sagar F Kumar (PW-5) has been kidnappe_d. The informant narrated in the written report that the victim (Sagar Kumar), aged six years, along with his sister PW-4 Riya Kumari, aged four years, was going to St. Joseph NTPC School, Kahalgaon in a rickshaw pulled by PW-1 Anil Ram. The informant further told G that the rickshaw puller told him that one person came to the rickshaw and took the victim after telling him that his father was calling him at the railway station. On receiving information, the informant immediately rushed to the location where the H

A rickshaw puller Anil Ram (PW-1) was waiting for the victim's

nturn. An FIR No. 117/2002 was recorded at the police station and the investigations were taken up by the Investigating Officer.

5. Investigation revealed that after one day of kidnapping of the child, a demand of Rs.10.00 lakhs was made by someone on phone disclosing his name as Prem Prakash Yadav (co-accused) for release of the boy. When several calls were made, on 17 .5.2002 the victim's parents agreed to pay c Rs.6.00 lakhs according to their economic condition. PW-3,

Sourav Kumar (father of the victim) passed on the phone number of the caller to the police. The kidnappers called father of the victim to Haldwani (Uttarakhand), on which the witness (PW-3) desired to know as to by what route he could reach D there. The caller informed the father of the victim to come by Farakka Express to Lucknow, and from there by a meter gauge train to Lal Kuan from where he would be getting tempo (three wheeler) to reach Haldwani. Accordingly PW-3 Sourav Kumar reached Haldwani on 21.5.2002 with money, and stayed at E Kamta Hotel and waited for the caller's messenger from where he was taken by the present appellant (Motilal Yadav) to the side of rivulet near Krishi Utpadan Bazar Samiti (Haldwani).

Two persons (co-accused) were already waiting there. After making enquiry as to the amount brought by the witness (PW- F 3), two of the accused persons took the bag. Thereafter PW-

3 Sourav Kumar was taR.en to Haldwani Bareilly Road where the victim was handed over to his father. Victim's father, along with his recovered son, reached back Kahalgaon on 25.5.2002, G and narrated the entire story to the police. After collecting

evidence and interrogating the witnesses, prosecution filed charge-sheet against seven accused, namely, Raghunath Yadav, Prem Kumar Yadav@ Tuntun Yadav, Motilal Yadav (present appellant), Bina Devi, Bijay Yadav, Prem Prakash H Yadav and Mamta Devi.

[PRAFULLA C. PANT, J.] 569

6. It appears that the trial court, after framing the charge A and recording evidence, on conclusion of trial, found all the above seven accused guilty of charge of offences punishable under Section 364A read with Section 34 IPC and under Section 120B read with Section 364A IPC, and after hearing of the matter on sentence, each one of them was sentenced to B imprisonment for life and directed to pay fine of Rs.5,000/- under Section 364A read with Section 34 IPC, and further imprisonment for a period of two years under Section 120B read with Section 364A IPC. c

7. The convicts challenged the order of the trial court before the High Court. Criminal Appeal (DB) No. 208 of 2006 was filed by accused Raghunath Yadav, Prem Kumar Yadav @Tuntun Yadav and Motilal Yadav, Criminal Appeal (DB) No. 232 of 2006 was filed by Bina Devi, Bijay Yadav and Prem D Prakash Yadav, and Criminal Appeal (DB) No. 246 of 2006 was filed by the accused Mamta Devi. All the three appeals were disposed of by the High Court by its common order dated 5.11.2012 which has been challenged before us in the present appeal by accused/convict Motilal Yadav.

8. Mr. D.N. Goburdhan, learnedAmicus Curiae, on behalf of the appellant, argued before us that the High Court has decided the criminal appeals without scrutinizing the entire evidence on record, and as such, the impugned order is liable F to be set aside. He referred to the cases of Rama and others

v. State of Rajasthan1, Badam Singh v. State of M.P. 2, Prasad alias Hari Prasad Acharya v. State of Karnataka3

and Ram Ratan v. State of Rajasthan4. We have gone through the cases relied on behalf of the appellant, but we are G

1 (2002) 4 sec 571

2 (2003) 12 sec 792

'(2009) 3 sec 174 • (201o)13 sec so9 H

A of the view that the above mentioned cases are of little help in the present case, forthe reason that neitherthe impugned order is cryptic nor without discussion of evidence on record.

Statement of each of the witnesses, namely, PW-1 Anil Ram (Rickshaw Puller), PW-2 Neetu Singh (mother of the victim), B PW-3 Sourav Kumar (father of the victim), PW-4 Riya Kumari (sister of the victim), PW-5 Sagar Kumar (victim) and PW-6 Subhash Chandra Singh (informant and grandfather of the victim), has been discussed at length by the High Court, apart from discussing the evidence of formal witnesses, namely, PW- C 7 Ramji Singh (constable), PW-9 Gouri Mohan Mitra and the

Investigating Officer PW-8 Shivjee Singh and PW-10 Anand Prakash Singh. The High Court has also taken note of the statement of DW-1 Jawahar Jha. The High Court, after

0 discussing the evidence of each of the above mentioned witnesses, has further discussed the evidence on record as to how from the corroboration of the statements of the witnesses, the entire prosecution story and the charge stood proved.

9. PW-1 Anil Ram has corroborated the fact that he was E taking the children Sagar Kumar and Riya Kumari to the school

when the accused (Prem Yadav), identified by him before the trial court, took the child by telling him that his father was calling him at the Railway Station. PW-2 Neetu Singh has corroborated that rickshaw puller Anil Ram (PW-1) informed F on phone at 7.15 a.m. about the incident. She has further corroborated the fact regarding demand of ransom made by the kidnappers for release of the victim (Sagar Kumar). PW- 3 Sourav Kumar is the most important witness of the case who had opportunity to see most of the accused including the G present appellant (Motilal Yadav) as he went to Haldwani for release of his minor son from their custody. He (PW 3) has narrated that after the demand of ransom was made, he agreed to pay Rs.6.00 lakhs and sought time to make the arrangement H of money. He further told that on receiving call on 20.5.2002,

he asked the caller as to how he could reach Haldwani on A which the caller told about the trains available for Lucknow and Lal Kuan. PW-3 Sourav Kumar, has stated in his evidence that when he reached Haldwani, he stayed in Kamta Hotel. As to the role of the present appellant, the witness (PW-3) has told that the present appellant is the person who enquired from B him if he is father of Sagar Kumar, and then took him in a rickshaw by the side of rivulet near Krishi Utpadan Bazar Samiti (Haldwani). The witness has further narrated about the role of the other accused in his statement which we do not think it necessary to discuss here as other convicts are not appellants C before us. The witness has given all the details as to how money was taken to the place where his son was released and handed over to him from Haldwani-Bareilly Road. Having gone through the record and the impugned order, we are of D the view that the High Court, in the impugned order, has discussed at length the prosecution evidence which was believed by it. We find no force in the argument th<:it the High Court's order is cryptic or brief.

10. Another argument advanced before us is that no test E identification parade in the present case was held, as such, the conviction and sentence, recorded by the trial court, has been wrongly upheld by the High Court. In this connection, our attention is drawn to the case of Kanan and others v. State of Kerala5. In said case, this Court has opined that failure to F conduct test identification parade raises serious doubt about the testimony of the witnesses. On going through said case, we find that this Court doubted evidence of a particular witness (PW-25 of said case) who told the Court that he could identify G the accused persons (not known to him)whowere running away from the scene of occurrence. Contrary to that, in the present case the testimony of PW-3 Sourav Kumar is natural as he

5 (1979)3SCC319 H

A explained in what manner he reached Haldwani, and he had enough time to identify the accused who accompanied him to the persons who took money from him whereafter the victim was released.

11. The evidence as to the identity of a person is admissible under Section 9 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872.

In the case of Ravi Kumarv. State ofRajasthan6, this Court has opined in paragraph 35 as follows: -

" .... The court identification itself is a good identification in the eye of the law. It is not always necessary that it must be preceded by the test identification parade. It will always depend upon the facts and circumstances of a given case. In one case, it may not even be necessary to hold the test identification parade while in the other, it may be essential to do so. Thus, no straitjacket formula can be stated in this regard."

12. In the case of R. Shajiv. State of.Kerala7, regarding the evidential value of the test identification parade, this Court E has stated in paragraph 58 as under: -

" .... The identification parade is conducted by the police.

The actual evidence regarding identification is that which is given by the witne?S in court. A test identification F parade cannot be claimed by an accused as a matter of right. Mere identification of an accused in a test identification parade is only a circumstance corroborative of the identification of the accused in court ..... "

13. In Ashok Debbarma alias Achak Debbarma v.

State of Tripura 8, this Court has made following observations in para 20 which are reproduced below: -

6 (2012) g sec 2s4

1 (2013)14 sec 266 H

8 (2014)4SCC747

MOTILAL YADAVv. STATE OF BIHAR

" ..... The primary object of the test identification parade A is to enable the witnesses to identify the persons involved in the commission of offence(s) if the offenders are not personally known to the witnesses. The whole object behind the test identification parade is really to find whether or not the suspect is the real offender. In Kanta B Prasad v. Delhi Admn. 9, this Court stated that the failure to hold the test identification parade does not make the evidence of identification at the trial inadmissible ..... "

14. In view of the above principle of law laid down by this c Court, we are unable to accept the submission of learned amicus curiae that not holding of test identification parade in the present case is fatal for the prosecution.

15. For the reasons, as discussed above, we do not find D any force in this appeal which is liable to be dismissed.

Accordingly the appeal is dismissed.

Nidhi Jain Appeal dismissed.

9 AIR 1958 SC 350