[2012] 1 S.C.R. 403

ASSAM URBAN WATER SUPPLY & SEW. BOARD

SU BASH PROJECTS & MARKETING LTD.

(Civil Appeal No(s). 2014 of 2006)

JANUARY 19, 2012.

[R.M. LODHA AND H.L. GOKHALE, JJ.)

ARBITRATION AND CONCILIATION ACT, 1996:

ss. 34(1), (3) and (4)of 1996 Act rlw ss. 2 (j) and 4 of c Limitation Act - Applications u/s 34 for setting aside arbitration awards filed after extended period of 30 days claiming benefit of s. 4 of Limitation Act for the inteNening Christmas holidays

- Held: s. 2(j) of the 1963 Act when read in the context of s. 34(3) of the 1996 Act, makes it amply clearthatthe prescribed 0 period for making an application for setting aside arbitral award is three months - The period of 30 days beyond three months which the court may extend on sufficient cause being shown under the proviso appended to sub-s (3) of s. 34 of the 1996 Act, being not the 'period of/imitation' or the 'prescribed E period', s. 4 of the 1963 Act is not, at all, attracted to the facts of the instant case - Thus, the applications made by the appellants for setting aside the arbitral award have rightly been dismissed by the District Judge as time barred - Limitation Act, 1963 - ss. 2 (j) and 4.

F The appellants filed two applications uls 34 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 (1996 Act) on 2.1.2004 for setting aside the awards dated 22.8.2003, copies whereof were received by them on 26.8.2003. The District Judge dismissed the said applications on the G ground of limitation. The High Court declined to interfere.

In the instant appeal, the question for consideration of the Court was: whether the appellants were entitled to

403 H

A extension of time u/s 4 of the Limitation Act, 1963 Act

Dismissing the appeal, the Court

. HELD: 1.1. Section 4 of the Limitation Act, 1963 enables a party to institute a suit, prefer an appeal or make B an application on the day court reopens where the prescribed period for any suit, appeal or application expires on the day when the court is closed. The crucial words in s. 4 of the 1963 Act are 'prescribed period'.

Section 2(j) of the 1963 Act defines 'period of limitation' C which means the period of limitation prescribed for any suit, appeal or application by the Schedule, and 'prescribed period' means the period of limitation computed in accordance with the provisions of this Act [para 13] [409-F-G] D 1.2. Section 2(j) of the 1963 Act when read in the context of s. 34(3) of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996, makes it amply clear that the prescribed period for making an application for setting aside arbitral award is three months. The period of 30 days mentioned in the E proviso that follows sub-s. (3) of s. 34 of the 1996 Act is not the 'period of limitation' and, therefore, not 'prescribed period' for the purposes of making the application for setting aside the arbitral award. The period of 30 days beyond three months which the court may extend on F sufficient cause being shown under the proviso appended to sub-s (3) of s. 34 of the 1996 Act being not the 'period of limitation' or the 'presr.ribed period', s. 4 of the 1963 Act is not, at all, attracted to the facts of the instant case. [para 13] [409-H; 410-A-C] G 1.3. In the instant case, the arbitral awards were received by the appellants on 26-8-2003. No application for setting aside the arbitral awards was made by the appellants before elapse of three months from the receipt H thereof. As a matter of fact, three months from the date

ASSAM URBAN WATER SUPPLY & SEW. BOARD v. 405

SUBASH PROJECTS & MARKETING LTD.

of the receipt of the arbitral award by the appellants A expired on 26-11-2003. The District Court had Christmas vacation for the period from 25-12-2003 to 1-1-2004. On reopening of the court, i.e., on 2-1-2004, admittedly, the appellants made applications for setting aside those awards u/s 34 of the 1996 Act. Thus, the applications B made by the appellants on 2-1-2004, for setting aside the arbitral award dated 26-8-2003 have rightly been dismissed by the District Judge as time barred. [para 11 and 14) [408-F-H; 409-A; 410-0]

Union of India vs. Popular Construction Co. 2001 (3) C Suppl. SCR 619 = (2001) 8 sec 470; and State of Maharashtra vs. Hindustan Construction Company Limited 2010 (4) SCR 46 = (2010) 4 sec 518, relied on.

Case Law Reference:

2001 (3) Suppl. SCR 619 relied on

2010 (4) SCR 46 relied on

para 5

para 9

CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION: Civil Appeal No.

E 2014 of 2006.

From the Judgment and Order dated 15.02.2005 of the High Court of Gauhati in Arbitration Appeal Nos. 6 and 7 of 2004.

Bijendra Singh and Anupam Mishra (for Ambar Qamaruddin) for the Appellant.

Shyam Divan, Puneet Jain and Pradep Gupta (for Sushil Kumar Jain) for the Respondent.

The Judgroent of the Court was delivered by

R.M. LODHA, J. 1. Two contracts were entered into between the appellants and the respondents - (i) for construction of Tezpur Town Water Supply Scheme and (ii) for H

A construction of Tinsukia Town Water Supply Scheme. Certain disputes arose between the parties concerning these contracts and to resolve such disputes, sole arbitrator was appointed by the Chief Justice of Gauhati High Court on March 26, 2002 under Section 11 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 B (for short, '1996 Act'). On .May 10, 2002 the appellants filed

application under Section 16 of the 1996 Act questioning the jurisdiction of the sole arbitrator as according to the appellants there was no arbitration clause in the agreement. This application came to be rejected by the sole arbitrator. c

2. Thereafter, the sole arbitrator proceeded with the arbitration and passed two awards in relation to the above contracts in favour of the respondents on August 22, 2003. The awards were received by the appellants on August 26, 2003.

D On January 2, 2004, the appellants made two applications for setting aside the awards dated August 22, 2003 under Section 34 of the 1996 Act. These applications were accompanied by two separate applications for extension of time under Section 34(3) of the 1996 Act.

3. The District Judge, Kamrup, Guwahati, dismissed the appellants' applications under Section 34 of the 1996 Act on June 1, 2004 and June 5, 2004 on the ground of limitation.

4. The appellants challenged the above orders of the F Districted Judge, Kamrup, Guwahati, in the Gauhati High Court in two separate Arbitration Appeals, being Arbitration Appeal Nos. 6 of 2004 and 7 of 2004. The Division Bench of that Court upheld the view of the District Judge, Kamrup, Guwahati and dismissed the above Arbitration Appeals.

5. Mr. Bijender Singh, learned counsel for the appellants, submitted that the Division Bench gravely errect in applying the decision of this Court in Union of India Vs. Popular Construction Co. 1 to the facts of the present case. He submitted

H 1. c2001i s sec 410.

ASSAM URBAN WATER SUPPLY & SEW. BOARD v. 407

SUBASH PROJECTS & MARKETING LTD. [RM. LODHA, J.)

that the judgment of this Court in Popular Construction Co.

(supra) was rendered on the question of applicability of Section 5 of the Limitation Act, 1963 (for short, '1963 Act') and has no application to the peculiar facts of the present case where extension was sought by the appellants under Section 4 of the 1963 Act. lfl support of his argument, Mr. Bijender Singh, B learned counsel, referred to Section 20) of the 1963 Act that defines 'period of limitation' and Section 43 of the 1996 Act that makes the 1963 Act applicable to arbitration matters.

6. Mr. Shyam Divan, learned senior counsel for the c respondents, on the other hand, submitted that the High Court did not commit any error in upholding the view of the District Judge, Kamarup, Guwahati. According to the learned senior counsel, the High Court's view is consistent with Section 34(3) of the 1996 Act, particularly proviso (3) thereof. 0

7. Section 34(3) of the 1996 Act provides that an application for setting aside an award may be made within three months of the receipt of the arbitral award. The proviso that follows sub-section (3) of Section 34 provides that on sufficient cause being shown, the court may entertain the E application for setting aside the award after the period of three months and within a further period of 30 days but not thereafter.

8. In Popular Construction Co. (supra), this Court has held that an application for setting aside an award filed beyond the F period mentioned in Section 34(3) would not be an application "in accordance with sub-section (3) as required under Section 34( 1) of the ~6 Act" and Section 5 of the 1963 Act has no application fo such-application. In para 12 of the report, it was held in Popular Construction Co. (supra) thus:- G

"12. As far as the language of Section 34 of the 1996 Actis concerned, the crucial words are "but not thereafter" used in the proviso to sub-section (3). In our opinion, this phrase would amount to an express exclusion within the H

A meaning of Section 29(2) of the Limitation Act, and would therefore bar the application of Section 5 of the Act.

Parliament did not need to go further. To hold that the court could entertain an application to set aside the award beyond the extended period under the proviso, would B render the phrase "but not thereafter" wholly otiose. No principle of interpretation would justify such a result".

9. Recently, in the State of Maharashtra Vs. Hindustan Construction Company Limited2, a two Judge Bench of this C Court speaking through one of us (R.M. Lodha, J.) emphasised the mandatory nature of the limit to the extension of the period provided in proviso to Section 34(3) and held that an application for setting aside arbitral award under Section 34 of the 1996 Act has to be made within the time prescribed under sub- D section (3) of Section 34, i.e., within three months and a further period of 30 days on sufficient cause being shown and not thereafter.

10. Section 43(1) of the 1996 Act provides that the 1963 Act shall apply to arbitrations as it applies to proceedings in E court. The 1963 Act is thus applicable to the matters of arbitration covP.red by the 1996 Act save and except to the extent its applicability has been excluded by virtue of the express provision contained in Section 34(3) of the 1996 Act.

11. The facts in the present case are peculiar. The arbitral awards were received by the appellants on August 26, 2003.

No application for setting aside the arbitral awards was made by the appellants before elapse of three months from the receipt thereof. As a matter of fact, three months from the date G of the receipt of the arbitral award by the appellants expired on November 26, 2003. The District Court had Christmas vacation for the period from December 25, 2003 to January 1,

2004. On reopening of the court, i.e., on January 2, 2004, admittedly, the appellants made applications for setting aside

H 2.

(2010) 4 sec s1a.

ASS/lM URBAN WATER SUPPLY & SEW. BOARD v. 409

SUBASH PROJECTS & MARKETING LTD. [R.M. LODHA, J.]

those awards under Section 34 of the 1996 Act. If the period A during which the District Court, Kamrup, Guwahati, remained closed during Christmas vacation, 2003 is extended and the appellants get benefit of that period over and above the cap of thirty days as provided in Section 34(3), then the view of the High Court and the District Judge cannot be sustained. But this B would depend on the applicability of Section 4 of the 1963 Act.

The question, therefore, that falls for our determination is - whether the appellants are entitled to extension of time under

Section 4 of the 1963 Act in the above facts. c

12. Section 4 of the 1963 Act reads as under:-

"4. Expiry of prescribed period when court is closed.- Where the prescribed period for any suit, appeal or application expires on a day when the court is closed, the suit, appeal or application may be instituted, preferred or D made on the day when the court reopens.

I Expfanation.-A court shall be deemed to be closed on any day within the meaning of this section if during any part of its nonnal working hours it remains closed on that E day."

13. The above Section enables a party to institute a suit, prefer an appeal or make an application on the day court reopens where the prescribed period for any suit, appeal or F application expires on the day when the court is closed. The crucial words in Section 4 of the 1963 Act are 'prescribed period'. What is the meaning of these words? Section 20) of the 1963 Act defines 'period of limitation' which means the period of limitation prescribed for any suit, appeal or G application by the Schedule, and 'prescribed period' means the period of limitation computed in accordance with the provisions of this Act. Section 20) of the 1963 Act when read in the context of Section 34(3) of the 1996 Act, it becomes amply clear that the prescribed period for making an application for setting H

A aside arbitral award is three months. The period of 30 days

mentioned in proviso that follows sub-section (3) of Section 34 of the 1996 Act is not the 'period of limitation' and, therefore, not 'prescribed period' for the purposes of making the application for setting aside the arbitral award. The period of B 30 days beyond three months which the court may extend on sufficient cause being shown under the proviso appended to sub-section (3) of Section 34 of the 1996 Act being not the 'period of limitation' or, in other words, 'prescribed period', in our opinion, Section 4 of the 1963 Act is not, at all, attracted C to the facts of the present case.

14. Seen thus, the applications made by the appellants on January 2, 2004, for setting aside the arbitral award dated August 26, 2003 were liable to be dismissed and have rightly

0 been dismissed by the District Judge, Kamrup, Guwahati, as time barred.

15. The dismissal of the Arbitration Appeals (6 of 2004 and 7 of 2004) by the High Court, thus, cannot be legally flawed for the reasons we have indicated above.

16. The Appeal has no force and is dismissed with no order as to costs.

R.P.

Appeal dismissed.