(2008] 3 S.C.R. 634

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BECHAARBHAI S. PRAJAPATI

STATE OF GUJARAT (Criminal Appeal No. 408 of 2008)

FEBRUARY 29, 2008

(DR. ARIJIT PASAYAT AND J.M. PANCHAL, JJ.)

Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988

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Rule 7 (2) - Illegal gratification - Accused, a policeman, c demanding and accepting illegal gratification from owner of a luxury bus - Trap laid and accused caught with marked currency notes - Conviction uls 161 /PC and r. 7(2) -Affirmed by High Court - Held: Both trial court and High Court have analysed evidence in great detail and have found the accused D guilty of offences charged - It cannot be said that conclusions of either the trial court or the High Court suffer from any infi:mity - ._

- However, keeping in view the fact that the occurrence took place seven years back and accused has suffered sentence for more than six months, sentence reduced to the period E already undergone - Sentence.

The appellant-accused, a policeman, stopped the luxury bus of the complainant which was carrying a marriage party, and demanded the documents relating to

F the bus. The permit and other papers, which were in order, were shown to the accused who kept the papers and told the complainant to collect the same after paying a specified amount. The complainant approached the Anti-Corruption Bureau. The trap was laid and the accused was caught along with the marked currency notes of Rs. 250/-. The (] accused was prosecuted and ultimately convicted by the trial court for offences punishable u/s 161 IPC and Rule 7

(2) of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 and sentenced to rigorous imprisonment for one year under ,

each of the two counts. Having remained unsuccessful H 634

BECHAARBHAI S. PRAJAPATI v. STATE OF GUJARAT 635 ..... ..., in appeal before the High Court, the accused filed the A instant appeal.

Dismissing the appeal but modifying the sentence, the Court

HELD: 1. It is to be noted that both the trial Court and B the High Court have analysed the evidence in great detail

~ and have found that the appellant had demanded and iJ accepted the amount from the complainant for allowing the luxury bus to go to its destination. The tainted currency notes were recovered from the appellant. On c accused-appellant's trousers, presence of anthracene powder was noticed. It has also been established that the numbers of the currency notes matched with the denominations mentioned in the pre-trap panchnama.

Thus, it cannot be said that the conclusions of either the D . trial court or the High Court suffer from any infirmity.

~. [para 7-8] [641-A-D]

2. As regards the sentence, the occurrence took place nearly seven years back. It is stated that the accused E has suffered custody for more than six months. It is to be noted that the minimum sentence prescribed under Section 7 (2) of the Act is six months. Taking into account all these aspects, interest of justice would be best served .. ... if the sentence is reduced to the period undergone, while maintaining the conviction. [para 9] [641-D-E] F

CRIMINALAPPELLATE JURISDICTION: Criminal Appeal No. 408 of 2008

From the final Judgment dated 24/8/2007 of the High Court G of Gujarat atAhmedabad in Criminal Appeal No. 1289of1993.

Aniruddha P. Mayee, Rucha A Mayee and Sanjeev Kumar .. " Choudhary for the Appellant.

Hemantika Wahi and Pinky for the Respondent.

SUPREME COURT REPORTS

[2008] 3 S.C.R.

. - A The Judgment of the Court was delivered by

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Dr. ARIJIT PASAYAT, J. 1. Leave granted.

2. Challenge in this appeal is to the order passed by a learned Single Judge of the Gujarat High Court dismissing the B appeal filed by the appellant.

3. Challenge before the High Court was to the judgment and order dated 5.11.1993 passed by learned Sub-Judge, Ir Bhavnagar, in Special Case No.9of1991 whereby the appellant c was convicted and sentenced to suffer rigorous imprisonment for one year in respect of offence under Section 161 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 (in short the 'I PC') and for offence punishable under Section 7(2) of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 (in short the 'Act'), he was sentenced to undergo rigorous imprisonment for one year in respect of each of the offence and D fine with default stipulation.

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4. Background facts in a nutshell are as follows:

On 12.12.1990, one Luxury Bus bearing No. GTS-9919 was hired by Ramnikdas Hargovindas from Bharat Travels E Company for carrying a marriage party from Mahuva to Selana.

According to the complainant-Ghelabhai Jasabhai, the Mehtaji of Bharat Travels who was present in the bus, at around 6.00 or 6.15 a.m. of that day when the bus reachedAasarana Chokadi, the appellant-accused stopped the luxury bus and demanded • F the documents relating to the luxury bus whereupon the complainant had shown the permit and other

papers. However, the police staff kept these papers with them.

G The appellant-accused, then demanded Rs.250/-in the name of entry fee. The complainant, then requested the appellant accused who was P.S.I. at the relevant time to let them go as the bus was carrying a marriage party. However, the appellant • .. accused demanded Rs.250/- to which the complainant refused

H as instructed by the owner of the bus. It is further the case of the

BECHAARBHAI S. PRAJAPATI v. STATE OF GUJARAT 637

[DR. ARIJIT PASAYAT, J.]

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A prosecution that the appellant-accused then told the complainant A that Rs.225/- be paid and the papers be collected from that spot where the bus was intercepted by 10.00 O'clock, and in case the complainant is late, the amount be paid at Khuntvada Police Station. So saying, the appellant accused issued a receipt in token of having taken away the permit and other papers which B was received by Bhagwanbhai Ranchhodbhai, the driver of the

"* luxury bus. The driver was then allowed to run the bus towards -I village Selana. The complainant thereafter, returned to Mahuva and narrated the incident to the owner/proprietor of the luxury bus. On hearing this, the owner of the luxury bus was against c giving any illegal gratification as all the documents relating to the luxury bus were genuine. Therefore, the owner decided to approach the Anti Corruption Bureau, Bhavnagar. Accordingly, the complainant, the owner of the luxury bus and one Ramjibhai who happens to be the elder brother of the owner of the luxury D bus went to the Office of theAnti Corruption Bureau, Bhavnagar, • -· met Mr. Bhatt, P.I, of Anti Corruption Bureau, Bhavnagar, apprised him of the matter and lodged the complaint. It is further the case of the prosecution that two Panchas were called and they were told the purpose for which they have been called, the E complaint was read over to them and they agreed to be Panch Witnesess. They were also explained the purpose and use of anthracene powder. Thereafter, the complainant gave two currency notes in the denomination of Rs.100/-each and one

.i currency note in the denomination of Rs.50/- aggregating Rs.250/ -. These currency notes as also the hands of the complainant, F Panchas and other staff were observed in ordinary light and nothing significant appeared. Thereafter, a bottle containing anthracene powder was taken from the cupboard, some anthracene powder was put in a blank paper, these currency notes were smeared with anthracene powder and when they G were again observed in ordinary light no visible marks were

... seen. These currency notes were again tested under ultra-violet .. lamp and glowing marks of bluish powder were seen. These currency notes were then put into the shirt pocket of the complainant after ensuring that the shirt pocket was empty. It H


[2008) 3 S.C.R. . .

A was explained to the complainant that in ordinary light the marks

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of anthracene powder will not appear but only under ultra violet lamp the bluish powder marks of anthracene powder can be seen. The anthracene powder that remained in the blank paper was then put back into the bottle; the bottle was placed in the B cupboard and locked. The blank paper was burnt and destroyed.

The complainant was instructed not to touch the currency notes put in his pocket except for the purpose of giving them to the .. appellant-accused and that these currency notes should be

given to none other than the appellant-accused. With these c instructions the constable washed his hands and made sure that there were no marks of anthracene powder by viewing under ultra violet lamp. The preliminary Panchnama Exh. 14 was drawn. The raiding party then left for Khuntvada - some persons went by Ambassador Car while the others went by Jeep. The

D complainant was instructed to give signal as soon as the amount is demanded and accepted by putting his hands on his head and Panch No.1-Hemantkumar Jayantilal Bharu was instructed - ~

to remain in the company of the complainant. In this manner, with a view to apprehend the appellant-accused red handed

E while demanding and accepting the illegal gratification from the complainant, the trap was arranged. It is further the case of the prosecution that they reached Khuntvada at 5.30 p.m. and on instructions by P.I. Mr. Bhatt, Ramjibhai Ukabhai, the elder brother of the owner of the luxury bus went to Khuntvada Police Station to inquire whether the P.S. I. was present or not, however, ....

~ F since the P.S.I. was not available at the Police Station, they decided to wait for an hour. It is alleged that within an hour the Police Jeep went towards the Police Station, and therefore, Panch No. 1 along with the complainant was sent to the Police Station. They went to the Police Station on foot and so did the G others who followed. The complainant went up the first floor where he met the appellant-accused (P.S.L) who was sitting in the Chamber while Panch No. 1 who accompanied the complainant waited at the door of the P.S.l's Chamber. The .. .- .

complainant requested to handover the papers of the luxury bus, H but the appellant-accused asked whether he (complainant) had

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brought the money i.e. the illegal gratification. The complainant A suggested that some lesser amount than Rs.250/- be accepted to which the appellant-accused replied that Rs.200/- be given.

Accordingly, the complainant handed over the tainted currency notes of Rs.200/- to the appellant-accused who accepted the same by his left hand, put it in his right hand and then into his B right hand trouser pocket. The appellant-accused then gave the

~ portfolio that was in the cupboard. In the meanwhile, the ..

complainant had kept the remaining currency note of Rs.SO/- in his pocket. The appellant-accused then demanded the receipt which was given at the time of interception at the spot, but the c complainant told that the receipt was with the driver. It is alleged that, at that time, Pan ch No.1 was at a distance of five feet from the Chamber of the appellant-accused and heard the conversation between the complainant and the appellantaccused. It is also alleged that the complainant, thereafter, came D . - out near the staircase and gave the preplanned signal to the ACB personnel who rushed to the Chamber of the appellantaccused in the company of Panch No.2 lshwarlal Girdharlal Chauhan. The ACB Inspector revealed his identity by showing his card, took away the revolver from the appellant-accused E (P.S.I.). At that time, the appellant-accused got frightened and took out the said tainted currency notes from his trouser pocket and kept them in his fist. The P. I. ACB, Bhavnagar theri apprehended the appellant for having demanded and accepted ,,,

a sum of Rs.200/- from the complainant for showing him favour by allowing the luxury bus to go to the destination and the F

appellant-accused was asked to place his hands on the table and the tainted currency notes were recovered from the appellant-accused. Thereafter, the test of anthracene powder was carried out on the hands of the raiding party by viewing their hands under ultra violet lamp and no marks of anthracene G powder was found. Similar test was carried out of the hands of ... .. the complainant, the appellant-accused and trousers of appellant-accused and presence of anthracene powder was noticed. It is further alleged that the recovered currency notes of Rs.200/- were compared with the numbers and denominations H


A of the currency notes mentioned in the pre-trap Panchnama and the same having tallied in toto were seized. The appellantaccused was taken into custody. The tainted currency note of Rs.50/that remained in the pocket of the complainant was also compared with the number and denomination mentioned in the B pre-trap Panchnama and the same also tallied. Thereafter, a detailed second part of the Panchnama was drawn in presence of the Panchas, muddammal currency notes, trouser worn by

~ the appellant-accused etc. were attached. It is further the case of the prosecution that on the next day, further statement of c complainant was recorded and at that time he produced the receipt issued by the appellant-accused. The statements of witnesses were recorded and the sanction for prosecution in respect of the appellant-accused was obtained from Mr. Brar, Junagadh.

D After completion of investigation a charge sheet was filed undertaking alleged commission of offence punishable under

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Sections 7, 12 and 13(1 )(d) of the Act. Learned Special Judge framed charges for offence punishable under Sections 7, 12 and 13 (1 )(d) read with Section 13(2) of the Act and Section E 161 oflPC.

As noted above, the appellant was convicted for offence punishable under Section 7(2) of the Act and Section 161 IPC.

The appeal before the High Court was dismissed on the ground .. that there was sufficient evidence on record to hold that the F appellant did demand and accept the bribe money from the complainant.

5. The learned counsel for the appellant submitted that the evidence is inadequate and does not establish demand and

G acceptance of illegal gratification. The appellant all through has taken the stand that he was falsely implicated. Alternatively, it was submitted that the sentence as imposed is heavy ,.. considering the amount of bribe alleged to have been received. ...

6. Learned counsel for the respondent-State on the other H hand supported the order.

7. It is to be noted that both the trial Court and the High A Court have analysed the evidence in great detail and have found that the appellant had demanded and accepted a sum of Rs.200/

- from the complainant for allowing the luxury bus to go to the destination. The tainted currency notes were recovered from the appellant. The test of anthrecene powder was carried out of B the hands of the raiding party under ultra violet lamp but no marks .. of anthracene powder was found. Similar test was carried out ~

on the hands of the complainant. On the accused-appellant's trouser presence of anthracene powder was noticed. It has also been established that the numbers of the currency notes were c matched with the denominations mentioned in the pre-trap panchnama.

8. Looked at from these angles, it cannot be said that the conclusions of, either the trial Court or the High Court, suffer from any infirmity.

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9. The alternative submission relates to the harshness of sentence. The occurrence took place nearly seven years back.

It is stated that the appellant has suffered custody for mere than six months. Taking into account all these aspects, we feel interest E of justice would be best served if the sentence is reduced to the period undergone, while maintaining the conviction. It is to be noted that the minimum sentence prescribed under Section 7(2) of the Act is six months . .. _.

10. The appeal is dismissed subject to modification of the F • sentence as noted above .

R.P.

Appeal dismissed but with modification in the sentence .