evekhm/cms_iom_500 huggingface dataset:
Proposed LCD - Urine Drug Testing (DL36029)
Non-Covered Services-therefore not reasonable and necessary servicesBlanket Orders-same orders for all patients in a health care providers practice.Reflex definitive UDT is not reasonable and necessary when presumptive testing is performed at point of care because the clinician may have sufficient information to manage the patient. If the clinician is not satisfied, he/she must determine the clinical appropriateness of and order specific subsequent definitive testing (e.g., the patient admits to using a particular drug, or the IA cut-off is set at such a point that is sufficiently low that the physician is satisfied with the presumptive test result).Routine standing orders for all patients in a physicians practice are not reasonable and necessary.It is not reasonable and necessary for a physician to perform presumptive POCT and order presumptive IA testing from a reference laboratory. In other words, Medicare will only pay for one presumptive test result per patient per date of service regardless of the number of billing providers.It is not reasonable and necessary for a physician to perform presumptive IA testing and order presumptive IA testing from a reference laboratory. Medicare will only pay for one presumptive test result per patient per date of service regardless of the number of billing providers.It is not reasonable and necessary for a reference laboratory to perform and bill IA presumptive UDT prior to definitive testing without a specific physicians order for the presumptive testing.IA testing, regardless of whether it is qualitative or semi-quantitative (numerical), may not be used to confirm or definitively identify a presumptive test result obtained by cups, dipsticks, cards, cassettes, or other IA testing methods. Definitive UDT provides specific identification and/or quantification typically by GC-MS or LC-MS/MS. Semi-Quantitative is defined as a numerical estimation of the approximate concentrations.Drug testing of 2 different specimen types from the same patient on the same date of service for the same drugs/metabolites/analytes.UDT for medico-legal and/or employment purposes or to protect a physician from drug diversion charges.Specimen validity testing including, but not limited to, pH, specific gravity, oxidants, creatinine.General InformationAssociated InformationN/ASources of InformationOther Contractor(s)' PoliciesBibliography
Proposed LCD - Urine Drug Testing (DL36029)
DuPont RL, Shea CL, Barthwell AG, et al. DRUG TESTING: A White Paper of the American Society of Addiction Medicine (ASAM). American Society of Addiction Medicine. White Paper. 2013.Gourlay DL, Heit HA, Caplan YH. Urine drug testing in clinical practice. The art and science of patient care. 2015(6):1-30SAMHSA, Clinical DRUG TESTING in Primary Care, Rockville, MD: SAMHSA; 2012. Technical Assistance Publication (TAP) 32, HHS publication (SMA) 12-4668.Agency Medical Directors Group. Interagency guideline on opioid dosing for chronic non-cancer pain: An educational aid to improve care and safety with opioid therapy 2010 Update.Melanson Stacy EF, Baskin LB. Interpretation and utility of drug of abuse immunoassays: lessons from laboratory drug testing surveys. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2010;134:736-739.Standridge JB, Adams SM. Urine drug screening: a valuable office procedure. American Family Physician. 2010;81(5):635-640.American Medical Association, CPT 2021 Professional Edition, 26 November 2020, ISBN: 1640160493.Drug Enforcement Administration, U.S. Department of Justice, Drugs of Abuse: A DEA Resource Guide, 2020 Edition.Jannetto PJ, Bratanow NC, Clark WA, et al. Executive Summary: American Association of Clinical Chemistry Laboratory Medicine Practice GuidelineUsing Clinical Laboratory Tests to Monitor Drug Therapy in Pain Management Patients. The Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine. 2018;2(4):489526.https://doi.org/10.1373/jalm.2017.023341AMA Report 2 of the Council on Science and Public Health (I-08): Improving Medical Practice and Patient/Family Education to Reverse the Epidemic of Nonmedical Prescription Drug Use and Addiction.American Academy of Pain Medicine, Guideline Statement, Use of Opioids for the Treatment of Chronic Pain, March 2013.Passik SD, Kirsh KL, Casper D. Addiction-related assessment tools and pain management: instruments for screening, treatment planning and monitoring compliance. Pain Med. 2008;9:S145-S166.
Proposed LCD - Urine Drug Testing (DL36029)
Passik SD, Kirsh KL, Casper D. Addiction-related assessment tools and pain management: instruments for screening, treatment planning and monitoring compliance. Pain Med. 2008;9:S145-S166.Jones T, McCoy D, Moore TM, Browder, JH, Daffron S. Urine drug testing as an evaluation of risk management strategies. Practical Pain Management. 2010;10(5):26-30.Chou R, Fanciullo GJ. Opioid Treatment Guidelines; Clinical Guidelines for the Use of Chronic Opioid Therapy in Chronic Noncancer Pain. J Pain. 2009; 10(2): 113-130.Federation of State Medical Boards (FSMB), Model Policy for the Use of Opioid Analgesics for the Treatment of Chronic Pain, July 2013.Passik SD. Issues in long-term opioid therapy: unmet needs, risks, and solutions. Mayo Clinic Proceedings. 2009;84(7):593-601.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Unintentional Drug Poisoning in the United States. July 2010.Webster LR, Webster R. Predicting aberrant behaviors in Opioid-treated patients: preliminary validation of the Opioid risk tool. Pain Med. 2005;6(6):432.
Proposed LCD - Urine Drug Testing (DL36029)
Additional literature reviewed but not citedMichna, E. et al. Urine toxicology screening among chronic pain patients of opioid therapy: frequency and predictability of abnormal findings. Clin J Pain. 2007;23(2):173-179.Barthwell, A. Principles for Urine DRUG TESTING in Addiction Medicine. CLAAD June 23, 2014.Centers for Disease Control: Policy Impact: Prescription Painkiller Overdose Deaths. July 2013.Institute for Clinical Systems Improvement (ICSI). Guideline for the assessment and management of chronic pain. November 2011.Jackman RP, Purvis JM. Chronic nonmalignant pain in primary care.American Family Physician.2008; 78(10):1155-1162.Jamison RN, Ross EL, Michna E, Chen LQ, Holcomb C, Wasan AD. Substance misuse treatment for high-risk chronic pain patients on opioid therapy: a randomized trial.Pain.2010; 150(3):390-400.Jones T, Moore T, et al. A comparison of various risk screening methods in predicting discharge from opioid treatment.Clin J Pain.2012;28(2):93-100.University of Washington, Division of Pain Medicine, Urine DRUG TESTING Interpretive Algorithm for Monitoring Opioid Treatment (adapted from the Washington Agency Medical Directors Group Opioid Treatment Guidelines 2010).Trescot AM, Standiford H. Opioids in the management of chronic non-cancer pain: an update on American Society of the Interventional Pain Physicians' (ASIPP) guidelines.AFP.2008;11:S5-S61.Jones T, Moore TM. Preliminary data on a new risk assessment tool: the brief risk interview.Journal of Opioid Management.2013; 9(1):19-27.
Proposed LCD - Urine Drug Testing (DL36029)
Jones T, Moore TM, Levy J, Browder JH, Daffron S, Passik SD. A comparison of various risk screening methods for patients receiving opioids for chronic pain management.Clinical Journal of Pain.2012; 28(2):93-100.Jones T, Passik SD. A comparison of methods of administering the opioid risk tool.Journal of Opioid Management.2011; 7(5): 347-352.Mallya A., Purnell AL, Svrakic DM, et al. Witnesses versus unwitnessed random urine tests in the treatment of opioid dependence.Am J Addict.2013; 22(2):175-177.Moore TM, Jones T, Browder JH, Daffron S, Passik SD. A comparison of common screening methods for predicting aberrant drug-related behavior among patients receiving opioids of chronic pain management.Pain Medicine.2009; 10(8):1426-1433.Nafziger AN, Bertino JS. Utility and application of urine drug testing in chronic pain management with opioids.Clin J Pain.2009;25(1)73-79.Nicholson B, Passik S. Management of chronic non-cancer pain in the primary care setting.SMJ. 2007;100(10):1028-1034.Passik S, Jones T. Risk assessment 2.0.PainWeek Journal. 2013; 1(3): 5-9.Reisfield GM, Wasan AD, Jamison RN. The prevalence and significance of cannabis uses in patients prescribed chronic opioid therapy: a review of the extant literature.Pain Med. 2009; 10(8):1434-1441.Schneider J, Miller A. Urine drug tests in a private chronic pain practice.PPM.January/February 2008.
Proposed LCD - MolDX: Molecular Biomarker Testing for Risk Stratification of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma (DL39585)
CMS National Coverage PolicyTitle XVIII of the Social Security Act, 1862(a)(1)(A) allows coverage and payment for only those services that are considered to be reasonable and necessary.42 CFR 410.32(a) Diagnostic x-ray tests, diagnostic laboratory tests, and other diagnostic tests: ConditionsCMS Internet-Only Manual, Pub. 100-02, Medicare Policy Manual, Chapter 15, 80 Requirements for Diagnostic X-Ray, Diagnostic Laboratory, and Other Diagnostic Tests, 80.1.1 Certification ChangesCoverage Indications, Limitations, and/or Medical NecessityCurrent molecular biomarker tests that risk stratify individuals with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) are non-covered by this contractor.General InformationAssociated InformationN/ASources of InformationN/ABibliography
Proposed LCD - MolDX: Molecular Biomarker Testing for Risk Stratification of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma (DL39585)
Current molecular biomarker tests that risk stratify individuals with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) are non-covered by this contractor.General InformationAssociated InformationN/ASources of InformationN/ABibliographyLomas A, Leonardi-Bee J, Bath-Hextall F. A systematic review of wordwide incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancer.Br J Dermatol.2012;166(5):1069-1080. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2012.10830.xSchmults CD, Blitzblau R, Aasi SZ, et al. NCCN Guidelinesinsights: squamous cell skin cancer, version 1.2022.J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 2021;19(12):1382-1394. doi:10.6004/jnccn.2021.0059Muzic JG, Schmitt AR, Wright AC, et al. Incidence and trends of basal cell carcinoma and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: a population-based study in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 2000 to 2010.Mayo Clin Proc. 2017;92(6):890-898. doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2017.02.015Karia PS, Han J, Schmults CD. Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: estimated incidence of disease, nodal metastasis, and deaths from disease in the United States, 2012.J Am Acad Dermatol. 2013;68(6):957-966. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2012.11.037Que SKT, Zwald FO, Schmults CD. Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: incidence, risk factors, diagnosis, and staging.J Am Acad Dermatol. 2018;78(2):237-247. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2017.08.059
Proposed LCD - MolDX: Molecular Biomarker Testing for Risk Stratification of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma (DL39585)
Waldman A, Schmults C. Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 2019;33(1):1-12. doi:10.1016/j.hoc.2018.08.001Stang A, Khil L, Kajter H, et al. Incidence and mortality for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: comparison across three continents.J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2019;33 Suppl 8(Suppl 8):6-10. doi:10.1111/jdv.15967NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines). Squamous Cell Skin Cancer. Version 1.2023.https://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/squamous.pdf. Accessed April 18, 2023.Xiang F, Lucas R, Hales S, Neale R. Incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancer in relation to ambient UV radiation in white populations, 1978-2012: empirical relationships.JAMA Dermatol. 2014;150(10):1063-1071. doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2014.762Juzeniene A, Grigalavicius M, Baturaite Z, Moan J. Minimal and maximal incidence rates of skin cancer in Caucasians estimated by use of sigmoidal UV dose-incidence curves.Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2014;217(8):839-844. doi:10.1016/j.ijheh.2014.06.002Rowe DE, Carroll RJ, Day CL Jr. Prognostic factors for local recurrence, metastasis, and survival rates in squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, ear, and lip. Implications for treatment modality selection.J Am Acad Dermatol. 1992;26(6):976-990. doi:10.1016/0190-9622(92)70144-5
Proposed LCD - MolDX: Molecular Biomarker Testing for Risk Stratification of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma (DL39585)
Eroglu A, Berberoglu U, Berreroglu S. Risk factors related to locoregional recurrence in squamous cell carcinoma of the skin.J Surg Oncol. 1996;61(2):124-130. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-9098(199602)61:2<124::AID-JSO6>3.0.CO;2-EMullen JT, Feng L, Xing Y, et al. Invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the skin: defining a high-risk group.Ann Surg Oncol. 2006;13(7):902-909. doi:10.1245/ASO.2006.07.022
Proposed LCD - MolDX: Molecular Biomarker Testing for Risk Stratification of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma (DL39585)
Schmults CD, Karia PS, Carter JB, Han J, Qureshi AA. Factors predictive of recurrence and death from cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: a 10-year, single-institution cohort study.JAMA Dermatol. 2013;149(5):541-547. doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2013.2139Oh Y, Zheng Z, Kim KY, et al. A nomogram combining clinical factors and biomarkers for predicting the recurrence of high-risk cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.BMC Cancer. 2022;22(1):1126.
Proposed LCD - MolDX: Molecular Biomarker Testing for Risk Stratification of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma (DL39585)
Roscher I, Falk RS, Vos L, et al. Validating 4 staging systems for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma using population-based data: a nested case-control study.JAMA Dermatol. 2018;154(4):428-434. doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2017.6428Nelson TG, Ashton RE. Low incidence of metastasis and recurrence from cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma found in a UK population: do we need to adjust our thinking on this rare but potentially fatal event?.J Surg Oncol. 2017;116(6):783-788. doi:10.1002/jso.24707Matsumoto A, Li JN, Matsumoto M, Pineider J, Nijhawan RI, Srivastava D. Factors predicting outcomes of patients with high-risk squamous cell carcinoma treated with Mohs micrographic surgery.J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021;85(3):588-595. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2021.01.063Thompson AK, Kelley BF, Prokop LJ, Murad MH, Baum CL. Risk factors for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma recurrence, metastasis, and disease-specific death: a systematic review and meta-analysis.JAMA Dermatol. 2016;152(4):419-428. doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2015.4994Baum CL, Wright AC, Martinez JC, et al. A new evidence-based risk stratification system for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma into low, intermediate, and high risk groups with implications for management.J Am Acad Dermatol. 2018;78(1):141-147. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2017.07.031
Proposed LCD - MolDX: Molecular Biomarker Testing for Risk Stratification of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma (DL39585)
Farasat S, Yu SS, Neel VA, et al. A new American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: creation and rationale for inclusion of tumor (T) characteristics.J Am Acad Dermatol. 2011;64(6):1051-1059. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2010.08.033Lydiatt WM, Patel SG, O'Sullivan B, et al. Head and neck cancers-major changes in the American Joint Committee on Cancer eighth edition cancer staging manual.CA Cancer J Clin. 2017;67(2):122-137. doi:10.3322/caac.21389Karia PS, Jambusaria-Pahlajani A, Harrington DP, Murphy GF, Qureshi AA, Schmults CD. Evaluation of American Joint Committee on Cancer, International Union Against Cancer, and Brigham and Women's Hospital tumor staging for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.J Clin Oncol. 2014;32(4):327-334. doi:10.1200/JCO.2012.48.5326Stratigos AJ, Garbe C, Dessinioti C, et al. European interdisciplinary guideline on invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the skin: part 1. epidemiology, diagnostics and prevention.Eur J Cancer. 2020;128:60-82. doi:10.1016/j.ejca.2020.01.007Brunner M, Ng BC, Veness MJ, Clark JR. Comparison of the AJCC N staging system in mucosal and cutaneous squamous head and neck cancer.Laryngoscope. 2014;124(7):1598-1602. doi:10.1002/lary.24549Ruiz ES, Karia PS, Besaw R, Schmults CD. Performance of the American Joint Committee on Cancer Staging Manual, 8th Edition vs the Brigham and Women's Hospital Tumor Classification System for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.JAMA Dermatol. 2019;155(7):819-825. doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2019.0032
Proposed LCD - MolDX: Molecular Biomarker Testing for Risk Stratification of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma (DL39585)
Patel VA, McCullum C, Sparks AD, Schmults CD, Arron ST, Jambusaria-Pahlajani A. Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma staging may influence management in users: a survey study.Cancer Med. 2022;11(1):94-103. doi:10.1002/cam4.4426Stevens JS, Murad F, Smile TD, et al. CLO22-085: A dual-center retrospective cohort validation of the 2021 NCCN risk stratification for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 2022;20(3.5):CLO22-085-CLO22-085. doi:10.6004/jnccn.2021.7281Venables ZC, Tokez S, Hollestein LM, et al. Validation of four cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma staging systems using nationwide data.Br J Dermatol. 2022;186(5):835-842. doi:10.1111/bjd.20909Caueto J, Burguillo J, Moyano-Bueno D, et al. Comparing the eighth and the seventh editions of the American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system and the Brigham and Women's Hospital alternative staging system for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: implications for clinical practice.J Am Acad Dermatol. 2019;80(1):106-113.e2. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2018.06.060Puebla-Tornero L, Corchete-Snchez LA, Conde-Ferreirs A, et al. Performance of Salamanca refinement of the T3-AJCC8 versus the Brigham and Women's Hospital and Tbingen alternative staging systems for high-risk cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021;84(4):938-945. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2020.12.020
Proposed LCD - MolDX: Molecular Biomarker Testing for Risk Stratification of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma (DL39585)
Conde-Ferreirs A, Corchete LA, Puebla-Tornero L, et al. Definition of prognostic subgroups in the T3 stage of the eighth edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: tentative T3 stage subclassification.J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021;85(5):1168-1177. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2020.03.088
Proposed LCD - MolDX: Molecular Biomarker Testing for Risk Stratification of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma (DL39585)
Jambusaria-Pahlajani A, Kanetsky PA, Karia PS, et al. Evaluation of AJCC tumor staging for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and a proposed alternative tumor staging system.JAMA Dermatol. 2013;149(4):402-410. doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2013.2456Karia PS, Morgan FC, Califano JA, Schmults CD. Comparison of tumor classifications for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck in the 7th vs 8th edition of the AJCC cancer staging manual.JAMA Dermatol. 2018;154(2):175-181. doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2017.3960Wysong A, Newman JG, Covington KR, et al. Validation of a 40-gene expression profile test to predict metastatic risk in localized high-risk cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021;84(2):361-369. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2020.04.088Amin MB, Edge S, Green F, et al., eds.AJCC Cancer Staging Manual.8thed. Springer; 2018.Burns C, Kubicki S, Nguyen QB, et al. Advances in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma management.Cancers (Basel). 2022;14(15):3653.Work Group; Invited Reviewers, Kim JYS, et al. Guidelines of care for the management of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.J Am Acad Dermatol. 2018;78(3):560-578. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2017.10.007Schmitt AR, Brewer JD, Bordeaux JS, Baum CL. Staging for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma as a predictor of sentinel lymph node biopsy results: meta-analysis of American Joint Committee on Cancer criteria and a proposed alternative system.JAMA Dermatol. 2014;150(1):19-24. doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2013.6675
Proposed LCD - MolDX: Molecular Biomarker Testing for Risk Stratification of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma (DL39585)
Ross AS, Schmults CD. Sentinel lymph node biopsy in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review of the English literature.Dermatol Surg. 2006;32(11):1309-1321. doi:10.1111/j.1524-4725.2006.32300.xDurham AB, Lowe L, Malloy KM, et al. Sentinel lymph node biopsy for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma on the head and neck.JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2016;142(12):1171-1176. doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2016.1927Gore SM, Shaw D, Martin RC, et al. Prospective study of sentinel node biopsy for high-risk cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.Head Neck. 2016;38 Suppl 1:E884-E889. doi:10.1002/hed.24120Renzi C, Caggiati A, Mannooranparampil TJ, et al. Sentinel lymph node biopsy for high risk cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: case series and review of the literature.Eur J Surg Oncol. 2007;33(3):364-369. doi:10.1016/j.ejso.2006.10.017Kwon S, Dong ZM, Wu PC. Sentinel lymph node biopsy for high-risk cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: clinical experience and review of literature.World J Surg Oncol. 2011;9:80. doi:10.1186/1477-7819-9-80Ahmed MM, Moore BA, Schmalbach CE. Utility of head and neck cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma sentinel node biopsy: a systematic review.Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2014;150(2):180-187. doi:10.1177/0194599813511949
Proposed LCD - MolDX: Molecular Biomarker Testing for Risk Stratification of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma (DL39585)
Fukushima S, Masuguchi S, Igata T, et al. Evaluation of sentinel node biopsy for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.J Dermatol. 2014;41(6):539-541. doi:10.1111/1346-8138.12508Takahashi A, Imafuku S, Nakayama J, Nakaura J, Ito K, Shibayama Y. Sentinel node biopsy for high-risk cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.Eur J Surg Oncol. 2014;40(10):1256-1262. doi:10.1016/j.ejso.2014.05.009Maruyama H, Tanaka R, Fujisawa Y, Nakamura Y, Ito S, Fujimoto M. Availability of sentinel lymph node biopsy for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.J Dermatol. 2017;44(4):431-437. doi:10.1111/1346-8138.13577Tejera-Vaquerizo A, Garca-Doval I, Llombart B, et al. Systematic review of the prevalence of nodal metastases and the prognostic utility of sentinel lymph node biopsy in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.J Dermatol. 2018;45(7):781-790. doi:10.1111/1346-8138.14342Likhacheva A, Awan M, Barker CA, et al. Definitive and postoperative radiation therapy for basal and squamous cell cancers of the skin: executive summary of an American Society for Radiation Oncology clinical practice guideline.Pract Radiat Oncol. 2020;10(1):8-20. doi:10.1016/j.prro.2019.10.014Farberg AS, Fitzgerald AL, Ibrahim SF, et al. Current methods and caveats to risk factor assessment in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC): a narrative review.Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 2022;12(2):267-284. doi:10.1007/s13555-021-00673-y
Proposed LCD - MolDX: Molecular Biomarker Testing for Risk Stratification of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma (DL39585)
Kamiya S, Kato J, Kamiya T, et al. Association between PD-L1 expression and lymph node metastasis in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.Asia Pac J Clin Oncol. 2020;16(2):e108-e112. doi:10.1111/ajco.13102Garca-Pedrero JM, Martnez-Camblor P, Diaz-Coto S, et al. Tumor programmed cell death ligand 1 expression correlates with nodal metastasis in patients with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.J Am Acad Dermatol. 2017;77(3):527-533. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2017.05.047Slater NA, Googe PB. PD-L1 expression in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma correlates with risk of metastasis.J Cutan Pathol. 2016;43(8):663-670. doi:10.1111/cup.12728Amoils M, Kim J, Lee C, et al. PD-L1 expression and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in high-risk and metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2019;160(1):93-99. doi:10.1177/0194599818788057Maly CJ, Cumsky HJL, Costello CM, et al. Prognostic value of inositol polyphosphate-5-phosphatase expression in recurrent and metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.J Am Acad Dermatol. 2020;82(4):846-853. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2019.08.027Cumsky HJL, Costello CM, Zhang N, et al. The prognostic value of inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.J Am Acad Dermatol. 2019;80(3):626-632.e1. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2018.10.018