Proposed LCD - Cervical Fusion (DL39758)

White III AA, Johnson RM, Panjabi MM, Southwick WO. Biomechanical analysis of clinical stability in the cervical spine.Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research.1975;109:85-96.Boonstra AM, Preuper HRS, Balk GA, Stewart RE. Cut-off points for mild, moderate, and severe pain on the visual analogue scale for pain in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain.Pain.2014;155(12):2545-2550.(NASS) NASS. Cervical fusion: defining appropriate coverage positions. NASS Coverage Recommendations 2023 (May). North American Spine Society (NASS). www.spine.org. Accessed November 21, 2023.Surgeons AAoN. Spinal Tumors.https://www.aans.org/Patients/Neurosurgical-Conditions-and-Treatments/Spinal-Tumors. Accessed Nov. 2, 2023.Nagashima H, Tanishima S, Tanida A. Diagnosis and management of spinal infections.J Orthop Sci.2018;23(1):8-13.Elmajee M, Munasinghe C, Aljawadi A, Elawady K, Shuweihde F, Pillai A. Posterior stabilisation without formal debridement for the treatment of non-tuberculous pyogenic spinal infection in frail and debilitated populationA systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma.2021;15:9-15.Raja SN CD, Cohen M, Finnerup NB, Flor H, Gibson S, Keefe FJ, Mogil JS, Ringkamp M, Sluka KA, Song XJ, Stevens B, Sullivan MD, Tutelman PR, Ushida T, Vader K. . The revised International Association for the Study of Pain definition of pain: concepts, challenges, and compromises.Pain.2020;161(9):1976-1982.Bono CM, Ghiselli G, Gilbert TJ, et al. An evidence-based clinical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of cervical radiculopathy from degenerative disorders.The Spine Journal.2011;11(1):64-72.Rondinelli RD, Genovese E, Katz RT, et al.AMA guides to the evaluation of permanent impairment, Sixth Edition.2008.Menger DLSGWSMRP. Hangman's Fractures. Published 2023. Updated August 13, 2023. Accessed Jan 2023.Donnally III CJ, Hanna A, Odom CK. Cervical myelopathy. StatPearls Publishing. StatPearls [Internet] Web site.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482312/Published 2023. Accessed October 27, 2023.Marquis BO, Capone PM. Myelopathy.Handbook of clinical neurology.2016;136:1015-1026.Wirth FP, Dowd GC, Sanders HF, Wirth C. Cervical discectomy: a prospective analysis of three operative techniques.Surgical neurology.2000;53(4):340-348.Panjabi MM, White III AA. Basic biomechanics of the spine.Neurosurgery.1980;7(1):76-93.Kothari MJ, Chuang Kathy Treatment and prognosis of cervical radiculopathy. UpToDate.https://www.uptodate.com/. Published 2023. Updated February 28, 2023. Accessed November 1, 2023.Corp N, Mansell G, Stynes S, et al. Evidence-based treatment recommendations for neck and low back pain across Europe: a systematic review of guidelines.European Journal of Pain.2021;25(2):275-295.Nikolaidis I, Fouyas IP, Sandercock PAG, Statham PF. Surgery for cervical radiculopathy or myelopathy.Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.2010(1).Plener J, Csiernik B, To D, et al. Conservative Management of Cervical Radiculopathy: A Systematic Review.Clin J Pain.2023;39(3):138-146.Liang L, Feng M, Cui X, et al. The effect of exercise on cervical radiculopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Medicine (Baltimore).2019;98(45):e17733.Walker MJ, Boyles RE, Young BA, et al. The Effectiveness of Manual Physical Therapy and Exercise for Mechanical Neck Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial.Spine.2008;33(22):2371-2378.Kuijper B, Tans JT, Beelen A, Nollet F, de Visser M. Cervical collar or physiotherapy versus wait and see policy for recent onset cervical radiculopathy: randomised trial.Bmj.2009;339:b3883.Engquist M, Lfgren H, berg B, et al. Factors Affecting the Outcome of Surgical Versus Nonsurgical Treatment of Cervical Radiculopathy.Spine.2015;40(20):1553-1563.Engquist M, Lfgren H, berg B, et al. A 5-to 8-year randomized study on the treatment of cervical radiculopathy: anterior cervical decompression and fusion plus physiotherapy versus physiotherapy alone.Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine.2017;26(1):19-27.Harrop JS, Mohamed B, Bisson EF, et al. Congress of neurological surgeons systematic review and evidence-based guidelines for perioperative spine: preoperative surgical risk assessment.Neurosurgery.2021;89(Supplement_1):S9-S18.Thoomes E, Thoomes-de Graaf M, Cleland JA, Gallina A, Falla D. Timing of evidence-based nonsurgical interventions as part of multimodal treatment guidelines for the management of cervical radiculopathy: a Delphi study.Physical Therapy.2022;102(5):pzab312.Berman D, Holtzman A, Sharfman Z, Tindel N. Comparison of Clinical Guidelines for Authorization of MRI in the Evaluation of Neck Pain and Cervical Radiculopathy in the United States.Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons.2023;31(2):64-70.Cervical Radiculopathy (Pinched Nerve in Neck). Cleveland Clinic.https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22639-cervical-radiculopathy-pinched-nervePublished 2022. Updated March 29, 2022. Accessed October 18, 2023.Broekema AE, Groen RJ, de Souza NFS, et al. Surgical interventions for cervical radiculopathy without myelopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.JBJS.2020;102(24):2182-2196.Fang W, Huang L, Feng F, et al. Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion versus posterior cervical foraminotomy for the treatment of single-level unilateral cervical radiculopathy: a meta-analysis.J Orthop Surg Res.2020;15(1):202.Gao Q-Y, Wei F-L, Zhu K-L, et al. Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Surgical Treatments in Patients With Pure Cervical Radiculopathy.Frontiers in Public Health.2022;10:892042.Goedmakers CMW, Janssen T, Yang X, Arts MP, Bartels R, Vleggeert-Lankamp CLA. Cervical radiculopathy: is a prosthesis preferred over fusion surgery? A systematic review.Eur Spine J.2020;29(11):2640-2654.Katsuura Y, York PJ, Goto R, et al. Sagittal Reconstruction and Clinical Outcome Using Traditional ACDF, Versus Stand-alone ACDF Versus TDR: A Systematic Review and Quantitative Analysis.Spine (Phila Pa 1976).2019;44(19):E1151-E1158.Liu WJ, Hu L, Chou PH, Wang JW, Kan WS. Comparison of Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion versus Posterior Cervical Foraminotomy in the Treatment of Cervical Radiculopathy: A Systematic Review.Orthop Surg.2016;8(4):425-431.Zou T, Wang PC, Chen H, Feng XM, Sun HH. Minimally invasive posterior cervical foraminotomy versus anterior cervical discectomy and fusion for cervical radiculopathy: a meta-analysis.Neurosurg Rev.2022;45(6):3609-3618.Gutman G, Rosenzweig DH, Golan JD. Surgical Treatment of Cervical Radiculopathy: Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Spine (Phila Pa 1976).2018;43(6):E365-E372.Fei Q, Li J, Su N, et al. Comparison between anterior cervical discectomy with fusion and anterior cervical corpectomy with fusion for the treatment of cervical spondylotic myelopathy: a meta-analysis.Ther Clin Risk Manag.2015;11:1707-1718.Han YC, Liu ZQ, Wang SJ, Li LJ, Tan J. Is anterior cervical discectomy and fusion superior to corpectomy and fusion for treatment of multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy? A systemic review and meta-analysis.PLoS One.2014;9(1):e87191.Li Z, Long C, Li B, Wei J. Efficacy and safety of surgical interventions for treating multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy via anterior approach: A network meta-analysis.Pain Physician.2019;22(4):E275.Montano N, Ricciardi L, Olivi A. Comparison of Anterior Cervical Decompression and Fusion versus Laminoplasty in the Treatment of Multilevel Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy: A Meta-Analysis of Clinical and Radiological Outcomes.World Neurosurg.2019;130:530-536 e532.Wang T, Guo J, Long Y, Hou Z. Comparison of Two Anterior Reconstructive Techniques in the Treatment of 3-Level and 4 Level Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy: A Meta-analysis of Last Decade.Geriatr Orthop Surg Rehabil.2022;13:21514593221124415.Schuermans VNE, Smeets A, van de Kar LGC, et al. A Systematic Review on Neurological Outcomes for Cervical Degenerative Myelopathy After Anterior Decompression Surgery: Motion Preservation vs Fusion.Int J Spine Surg.2022;16(6):969-976.El-Ghandour NMF, Soliman MAR, Ezzat AAM, Mohsen A, Zein-Elabedin M. The safety and efficacy of anterior versus posterior decompression surgery in degenerative cervical myelopathy: a prospective randomized trial.J Neurosurg Spine.2020:1-9.Xu L, Sun H, Li Z, Liu X, Xu G. Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion versus posterior laminoplasty for multilevel cervical myelopathy: A meta-analysis.Int J Surg.2017;48:247-253.Zhao CM, Chen Q, Zhang Y, Huang AB, Ding WY, Zhang W. Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion versus hybrid surgery in multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy: A meta-analysis.Medicine (Baltimore).2018;97(34):e11973.Lee NJ, Kim JS, Park P, Riew KD. A comparison of various surgical treatments for degenerative cervical myelopathy: a propensity score matched analysis.Global spine journal.2022;12(6):1109-1118.Medicine JH. Cervical Myelopathy. Johns Hopkins Medicine. Cervical Myelopathy. Accessed November 14, 2023.Ranawat CS, O'Leary P, Pellicci P, Tsairis P, Marchisello P, Dorr L. Cervical spine fusion in rheumatoid arthritis.J Bone Joint Surg Am.1979;61(7):1003-1010.Gillick JL, Wainwright J, Das K. Rheumatoid arthritis and the cervical spine: a review on the role of surgery.International journal of rheumatology.2015;2015.Nunez JH, Escudero B, Omiste I, et al. Outcomes of cervical arthroplasty versus anterior cervical arthrodesis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials with a minimum follow-up of 7-year.Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol.2022.Peng Z, Hong Y, Meng Y, Liu H. A meta-analysis comparing the short- and mid- to long-term outcomes of artificial cervical disc replacement(ACDR) with anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) for the treatment of cervical degenerative disc disease.Int Orthop.2022;46(7):1609-1625.Xing D, Ma XL, Ma JX, Wang J, Ma T, Chen Y. A meta-analysis of cervical arthroplasty compared to anterior cervical discectomy and fusion for single-level cervical disc disease.J Clin Neurosci.2013;20(7):970-978.