ethicalabs/Research-Intent-Collab huggingface dataset:
ON THE REMEDIES OF THE JUDICIAL PROTECTION OF RIGHTS OF A MINORITY SHAREHOLDER IN THE PROCEDURE OF COMPULSORY SHARES REPURCHASE

Based on the relevant law enforcement practice of economic courts, the article studies the problem of choice of proper and effective remedy of a minority shareholder in the procedure of compulsory shares repurchase. It is emphasized that the resolution of this problem shall be based on: 1) the understanding of the mandatory nature of the alienation of shares by a minority shareholder (economically weaker subject), stipulated in Article 65-2 of the Law of Ukraine “On joint-stock companies”, as an atypical contract construction for modern civil and economic legislation; 2) the protection of rights of a minority shareholder in the mandatory shares repurchase should be considered not only in the context of protection of their title, but also in a more broader context — as protection of their subjective corporate right, since the legal consequence of such a sale is not only the termination of their title in a strict sense, but also the termination of their corporate right in the subjective sense as the right of an individual to be a shareholder of a company (legal person). Mandatory sale by a minority shareholder of all shares belonging to them leads not only to the termination of their title in a strict sense, but also to the termination of their corporate right in the subjective sense as the right of an individual to be a shareholder of a company (legal person). Therefore, a minority shareholder in the relations of squeeze-out is entitled not only to receiving some “purchase” price for the mandatory (in essence, compulsory) alienated shares, but also to a fair compensation of loss of their corporate right, which includes proprietary, as well as non-proprietary (organizational) rights, and thus — also the loss of legal possibility to satisfy their investment interest by way of shareholding in a particular joint-stock company. A minority shareholder may seek in court the recognition of not only the right to compensation as such, but the right to compensation at the highest (fair, in terminology of Directive 2004/25/EU) price of share in the specific amount determined by the court. It is argued that the recognition of the claimant’s right to receive fair compensation for shares sold under compulsion is a proper and effective remedy of rights and legitimate interests of a minority shareholder. The issuer of shares shall be the defendant in the lawsuit for recognition of right to receive compensation by a minority shareholder for shares alienated under mandatory sale in accordance with Article 65-2 of the Law of Ukraine “On joint-stock companies”.
Multireference error mitigation for quantum computation of chemistry

Data and scripts for paper: Multireference error mitigation for quantum computation of chemistry
Database Management System Design with Time Series Modification for Child Growth and Malnutrition Monitoring in The Regency of Serdang Bedagai

A poor data management has led zero stunting strategy in Indonesia moved nowhere. Some justifications on the demography and numbers of affected children remain a matter of plain assumptions without a clear supporting data. We hence develop a database system which enables time series monitoring on the expected increment of children's physical growth. At this initial step, our database system will be implemented at Public Health Office (Dinas Kesehatan) of Serdang Bedagai, South Celebes. This is a modification from Connoly and Begg's principles. Our database was built through 3-steps design started with conceptual followed by logical and at final step was normalizations-enriched physical design. By implementing this proposed system, the assigned healthcare workers will be able record every bit of superficial growth increase. Information obtained in the study is of essence for the efficient and effective intervention formula to achieve national zero stunting goal.
VITaL Pretraining: Visuo-Tactile Pretraining for Tactile and Non-Tactile Manipulation Policies

Tactile information is a critical tool for dexterous manipulation. As humans, we rely heavily on tactile information to understand objects in our environments and how to interact with them. We use touch not only to perform manipulation tasks but also to learn how to perform these tasks. Therefore, to create robotic agents that can learn to complete manipulation tasks at a human or super-human level of performance, we need to properly incorporate tactile information into both skill execution and skill learning. In this paper, we investigate how we can incorporate tactile information into imitation learning platforms to improve performance on manipulation tasks. We show that incorporating visuo-tactile pretraining improves imitation learning performance, not only for tactile agents (policies that use tactile information at inference), but also for non-tactile agents (policies that do not use tactile information at inference). For these non-tactile agents, pretraining with tactile information significantly improved performance (for example, improving the accuracy on USB plugging from 20% to 85%), reaching a level on par with visuo-tactile agents, and even surpassing them in some cases. For demonstration videos and access to our codebase, see the project website: https://sites.google.com/andrew.cmu.edu/visuo-tactile-pretraining
Reporting corporate social responsibility in corporate Africa: an exploratory study

The concept of corporate social responsibility has permeated all corners of the world; including the continent of Africa and its countries. This is simply because individual citizens, corporate entities, stakeholders, governments and international organisations have understood the serious consequences on our world and the environment of the act of persistent irresponsibility on the part of citizens; irrespective of whether these are individual or corporate. This study seeks to explore how and what issues relating to corporate social responsibility are reported by corporate entities which operate in African countries. Using data from 115 companies in twelve African countries – Nigeria, Ghana, Egypt, Tanzania, Kenya, Uganda, Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Botswana, Namibia and South Africa the paper answers pertinent questions such as: what do corporate entities operating in African countries disclose in their CSR reports? Are African companies aware that they have some responsibilities to non-shareholding citizens and the environment? Are corporate entities operating in African countries providing integrated reports or just the traditional annual reports? Are these non-mandatory reports externally validated or verified? Are these entities demonstrably meeting their stakeholders’ information requirements through the use of dedicated corporate websites which is what corporate entities in the most developed economies of the world do? Are these reports embedded in the traditional annual reports or provided in stand-alone reports or CSR issues not reported at all? The study focused its attention on African countries where English is a de jure (official) language simply because of the likely problems of accurately translating into English the information disclosed in other languages by corporate entities in non-English speaking African countries. The study has used data from corporate entities in different geographical locations and business sectors in the continent of Africa and thus contributes to readers’ understanding of what African companies disclose in their CSR reports.
4-Volt cathode materials for rechargeable lithium batteries wet-chemistry synthesis, structure and electrochemistry

Lithium transition-metal oxides used as intercalation compounds for rechargeable lithium batteries are widely studied in search of structural stability and improved electrochemical performance. Cathode materials belonging to the 4-volt class electrodes were synthesized by wet-chemistry methods, i.e., sol-gel, combustion or co-precipitation techniques. It is shown that synthesis greatly affects the electrochemistry and cycle life characteristics of the cathodes. Extensive damage including local strain variation, nanodomain formation, and changes in cation ordering, has been observed by local probes such as Raman and FTIR spectroscopy. In this work we wish to show the relationship between the local cationic environment and electrochemical characteristics of the 4-volt cathodes. Materials such as LiMn2O4, LiCoO2, LiNi1−yCoyO2, LiNi1−yCoyVO4, and LiMoVO6 are investigated.
Optimization of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) Logistics: An Integrated MILP Approach for Transport and Storage

Abstract                   Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) chains encompass CO₂ capture at sources, maritime shipping, terminal handling, and geological storage, demanding coordinated optimization of heterogeneous logistics. Inefficiency in any part of the chain can raise costs or decrease injection capacity. This paper describes a Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model that schedules maritime shipping, terminal inventory, and injection operations simultaneously. The model explicitly represents berth scheduling, vessel waypoint visits, transit and port durations, loading/discharge rates, storage capacity constraints, and injection throttling. Such interdependencies are explicitly modeled to realize synchronized transport and smooth injection. We demonstrate the use of the framework with a synthetic case study comprising three emitters, two vessels, two reservoirs, and three injection wells. The optimized plan achieved a total system cost of 245,856 USD while satisfying all capacity constraints and reducing low buffer throttling hours by 47.5% compared to sequential scheduling. This work underscores the merits of integrated planning for CCUS logistics, providing an adaptive tool for real-world implementation where transport and injection need to be co-optimized subject to operational constraints. Future extensions will tackle stochastic demand, multi-port routing, and dynamic injection constraints based on reservoir simulations.
Conservation of Aquatic Biodiversity in the Context of Multiple-Use Management on National Forest System Lands

AbstractThe U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service (USFS) manages 193 million acres of public lands across 43 states and Puerto Rico. The original intent behind reserving lands managed by the USFS was to improve and protect forests, secure favorable conditions for water flows, and furnish a continuous supply of timber for the nation. Through time national forests have evolved, so they are managed for a broad array of uses. Differing expectations have led to conflicts between aquatic conservation and other aspects of the USFS’ mandate. In the 1990s, these conflicting goals came to a head with the listing of the northern spotted owl Strix occidentalis caurina and the need to better protect streams that fostered populations of anadromous salmonids. To better balance these conflicting uses, the agency placed additional emphasis on conserving and restoring aquatic systems by integrating conservation concepts into the forest planning process. If the USFS is to succeed in protecting and restoring aquatic biodiversity, it must continue to address traditional challenges such as minimizing the effects of timber harvest, roads, grazing, and mining on aquatic systems while improving policies and practices regarding contemporary challenges such as climate change and invasive species.
Site Reliability Engineering (SRE): The Significance of SLIs/SLOs and DORA Metrics

Site Reliability Engineering (SRE): The Significance of SLIs/SLOs and DORA Metrics  Nitin Mukhi     ARTICLE DETAILS                                                                                ABSTRACT      Research Paper   Received: 18.06.25  Accepted:24.06. 25  Published: 30/06/25  Keywords: Site Reliability Engineering, SLIs, SLOs, DORA Metrics, Operational Efficiency.              This paper explores the significance of Site Reliability Engineering (SRE) in modern IT operations, focusing on the role of Service Level Indicators (SLIs), Service Level Objectives (SLOs), and DORA metrics in improving system reliability, operational efficiency, and overall performance. These metrics are critical tools for organizations to measure and enhance both technical and operational outcomes, ensuring high service availability and fast deployment cycles. By integrating SLIs, SLOs, and DORA metrics, companies can establish a holistic approach to monitoring service health, optimize deployment pipelines, and improve incident response times. Additionally, the paper discusses the challenges and limitations of implementing these metrics, including issues with overly optimistic SLOs, cultural resistance, and the evolving nature of complex IT environments such as multi-cloud and serverless architectures. Finally, the paper proposes avenues for future research, such as the integration of AI and machine learning for predictive reliability and the development of new metrics tailored for cloud-native environments.
Regenerative medicine: Clinical relevance, implications, and limitations of the stem cell-based therapies

Many believe that success of the concept of regenerative medicine critically depends on our unlimited access to the human embryonic stem cells for scientific and therapeutic applications. Recent ground-breaking studies seem to challenge this broadly held view by demonstrating a remarkable healing power of mammalian adult (somatic) stem cells. However, mounting evidence of involvement of stemness pathways in development of therapy-resistant metastatic cancers argue for more careful considerations of potential risk and benefits associated with the stem cell-based therapies.
Small-diffusion asymptotics for discretely sampled stochastic         differential equations

The paper deals with a family of \(d\)-dimensional diffusion processes defined by the stochastic differential equations \[ dX_t=b(X_t,\alpha)\,dt+ \varepsilon\sigma(X_t,\beta)dw_t,\;t\in [0,1],\;\varepsilon\in (0,1],\quad X_0=x_0, \] where \((\alpha,\beta)\) belong to open bounded convex subsets of \(R^d\) and \(R^q,\) respectively. It is assumed that \(b\) and \(\sigma\) are known apart from the parameters \(\alpha\) and \(\beta.\) The data are discrete observations of \(X\) at \(n\) points \(t_k=k/n\) on the fixed interval \([0,1],\) \((X_{t_k})_{0\leq k\leq n}.\) The purpose of the paper is to estimate \(\alpha\) and \(\beta\) based on these observations. The authors obtain a consistent, asymptotically normal and asymptotically efficient estimator of \((\alpha,\beta),\) when \(\varepsilon\to 0\) and \(n\to+\infty\) simultaneously.
The effects of business ethics and corporate social responsibility practices on financial performance: a machine learning prediction and model interpretability approach

Purpose                   This study aims to examine the potential effect that corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices in general and business ethics, more specifically, can exert on the financial performance of companies using advanced machine learning (ML) techniques.                                                   Design/methodology/approach                   Based on a sample of 523 international firms headquartered in North America and Western Europe between 2005 and 2019, the research design employs advanced machine learning algorithms including LightGBM, CatBoost, XGBoost, NGBoost, Support Vector Machine, and Random Forest to assess the relationship between business ethics, CSR practices, and financial performance. In addition, the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) technique was used to provide comprehensive insights into feature contributions to individual predictions.                                                   Findings                   Findings indicate a growing interest in business ethics and societal practices over the past decade. The results have revealed that the adoption of an ethical and socially responsible approach is associated with financial performance.                                                   Practical implications                   This study provides actionable insights for multinational companies, emphasizing the role of business ethics and social responsibility practices in enhancing financial performance. It also holds significance for practitioners aiming to improve financial efficiency. By exploring the relationship between social effectiveness and financial efficiency, this research leverages ML techniques to offer a deeper understanding of this critical connection.                                                   Originality/value                   This study contributes to the field by using advanced ML techniques, including SHAP, to explore the relationship between business ethics and CSR practices on Financial Performance. The findings, particularly the superior accuracy of XGBoost among algorithms, provide valuable insights into the implications of business ethics and social practices on firm financial performance.
Knowledge Transfer Exchange (KTE): The Challenge of Communicating Evidence-Based Information from Scientists to Citizens and Decision Makers—JDReAM’s Renewed Vision for Interdisciplinary Research in Science and Humanities for Health

The current challenge for scientists, regardless of their research field or area of activity, consists in presenting the evidence emerging from studies carried out at the local, national, or even international level to the public and decision makers [...]
Extrapolation, uncertainty factors, and the precautionary principle

This essay examines the relationship between the precautionary principle and uncertainty factors used by toxicologists to estimate acceptable exposure levels for toxic chemicals from animal experiments. It shows that the adoption of uncertainty factors in the United States in the 1950s can be understood by reference to the precautionary principle, but not by cost-benefit analysis because of a lack of relevant quantitative data at that time. In addition, it argues that uncertainty factors continue to be relevant to efforts to implement the precautionary principle and that the precautionary principle should not be restricted to cases involving unquantifiable hazards.
Negative Effects of Social Media Use On Mental Health In Adolescents

Latar Belakang: Media sosial merupakan hal yang lumrah digunakan bagi semua orang, termasuk pada remaja. Ditemukan bahwa remaja yang menggunakan media sosial lebih dari tiga jam per hari berisiko tinggi mengalami masalah kesehatan mental, terutama masalah internalisasi atau citra diri. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membahas tentang penggunaan media sosial dan bagaimana sebenarnya pengaruh media sosial dan efek negatifnya terhadap kesehatan mental. Metode: Metode yang digunakan adalah studi literatur dari 20 artikel dan jurnal yang diambil dari berbagai sumber yaitu Google Scholar, Google, dan e-book dengan topik yang dibahas yaitu Efek Negatif Penggunaan Media Sosial terhadap Kesehatan Mental pada Remaja. Hasil: Media sosial dikatakan berdampak negatif bagi kesehatan mental jika digunakan secara berlebihan oleh remaja. Gangguan kesehatan mental yang terjadi akibat media sosial seperti yang disebutkan di atas adalah gangguan kecemasan dan depresi. Selain itu disebutkan juga bahwa media sosial dapat menyebabkan gangguan kesehatan mental yang disebut narsisme, phantom vibration syndrome dan FoMO atau Fear of Missing Out serta gangguan tidur atau insomnia. Kesimpulan: : Media sosial memiliki dampak negatif pada kesehatan mental. Saat ini, media sosial digunakan oleh hampir semua penduduk bumi. Mayoritas penggunaan media sosial digunakan oleh remaja. Oleh karena itu, penggunaan media sosial harus sangat berhati-hati.. Kata kunci: Kesehatan mental, Media sosial, Remaja.
Error correction for a spin quantum computer

The problems of error correction in a spin quantum computer are discussed. For digital processing in the Ising and Heisenberg chains driven by a resonant electromagnetic field, the simple schemes are suggested which provide correction of errors caused by imperfect \ensuremath{\pi} pulses, and prevent the most significant errors caused by the nonresonant action of \ensuremath{\pi} pulses. The probability of error caused by the Heisenberg interaction during the action of \ensuremath{\pi} pulses is estimated. For quantum computations in spin systems a principal opportunity to correct the phase errors, based on Steane's three quantum-bits scheme, is described.
Reducing stigma-discrimination. Help seeking-empowerment. Emotional education-mental health literacy

The existing literature is reviewed to determine the current state of knowledge about eating disorders (ED), prevention programs in relation to stigma-discrimination, help search, empowerment, emotional education, mental health literacy, and recommending future directions. Preventive interventions, necessary during adolescence and young adulthood, must be designed with the focus on reducing discrimination based on weight and the stigmatization of ED. With some gender specificities, with attention to stress and social isolation, social consensus, EDs in men; with work to reduce compliance with some norms of the male gender, as one of the targets in the development of prevention programs. And reduce teasing by peers and family, experiences of stigmatization with the family and at work, which predict greater internalization of prejudice due to weight (IPP). And carry out mental health literacy activities such as the Media Smart program, promote help seeking, empowerment as in the REBel program and improve emotional education, the management of negative emotions with activities for the improvement of emotions, in addition to the Body Project (cognitive dissonance).
Multi-Objective Reinforced Evolution in Mobile Neural Architecture Search

Fabricating neural models for a wide range of mobile devices demands for a specific design of networks due to highly constrained resources. Both evolution algorithms (EA) and reinforced learning methods (RL) have been dedicated to solve neural architecture search problems. However, these combinations usually concentrate on a single objective such as the error rate of image classification. They also fail to harness the very benefits from both sides. In this paper, we present a new multi-objective oriented algorithm called MoreMNAS (Multi-Objective Reinforced Evolution in Mobile Neural Architecture Search) by leveraging good virtues from both EA and RL. In particular, we incorporate a variant of multi-objective genetic algorithm NSGA-II, in which the search space is composed of various cells so that crossovers and mutations can be performed at the cell level. Moreover, reinforced control is mixed with a natural mutating process to regulate arbitrary mutation, maintaining a delicate balance between exploration and exploitation. Therefore, not only does our method prevent the searched models from degrading during the evolution process, but it also makes better use of learned knowledge. Our experiments conducted in Super-resolution domain (SR) deliver rivalling models compared to some state-of-the-art methods with fewer FLOPS.