ethicalabs/Research-Intent-Collab huggingface dataset:
Scholarly Communication in the Humanities and Social Sciences (part 1): Academic Publishing, Peer Review and Open Access

This introduction to the world of scholarly communication explores both traditional and contemporary approaches to academic publishing, with a particular emphasis on the Humanities and Social Sciences. We delve into the what, why, and how by examining various publishing models (e.g., publications behind paywalls vs. Open Access; open publishing vs. open archiving), peer review (blind vs. open, pre-publication vs. post-publication), copyright and rights retention, and recent developments and innovations in academic publishing.
Bridging DevOps and ITSM: A ServiceNow-Based Framework for Automated Change Governance in CI/CD Pipelines

DevOps has changed how organizations build, test, and release software. Continuous integration and continuous delivery pipelines allow teams to move changes from source code to production with greater speed, consistency, and visibility. However, many enterprise organizations still manage production change through traditional IT Service Management processes such as manual change tickets, approval meetings, and disconnected release evidence. This creates a gap between modern CI/CD delivery and enterprise change governance. This article proposes a ServiceNow-based framework for automated change governance in CI/CD pipelines. The framework connects DevOps pipeline metadata, test results, security scan outcomes, deployment evidence, risk classification, approval workflows, and post-deployment validation with ServiceNow change records. Instead of treating change management as a separate manual task, the proposed model embeds governance directly into the software delivery pipeline. The article argues that DevOps and ITSM should not be viewed as opposing practices. DevOps supports automation, collaboration, and faster delivery, while ITSM provides accountability, traceability, and operational control. A ServiceNow-based governance layer can help organizations release software faster while maintaining audit readiness, compliance evidence, and production stability.
Exchange and correlation in density functional theory and quantum chemistry

AbstractThe nature of exchange, dynamic correlation (DC) and left–right correlation (LRC) is considered in density functional theory and wavefunction‐based quantum chemistry. The presence of LRC in approximate exchange density functionals is highlighted and the separation of LRC and DC is considered. For H2, the Heitler–London approach is shown to include the essential elements of exchange and LRC. The arguments are illustrated by a comparison of Gaussian orbital s‐optimised Heitler–London and OPTX potential energy curves. They agree well near equilibrium, but differ at large distances due to the inability of the OPTX form to describe the dissociation process. LRC and DC values determined using the two approaches are compared. The influence of higher angular momentum functions in the Heitler–London approach is then investigated (commonly called self‐consistent valence bond); the agreement with OPTX degrades, leading to a larger value of LRC and a smaller value of DC at H2 equilibrium. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2011
Disclosure of corporate social responsibility on integrated report studies: a review of the literature

Atualmente, as empresas são cobradas cada vez mais a disseminar comunicados prestando contas de seu papel social e ambiental baseado no conceito de sustentabilidade. O Relato Integrado (RI) apresenta uma proposta de incorporação de dados financeiros e não financeiros relevantes sobre as atividades empresariais, integrando voluntariamente as preocupações sociais e ambientais às atividades operacionais e à tomada de decisões das empresas. Nesse sentido, este artigo tem como objetivo analisar o desenvolvimento da Responsabilidade Social Corporativa (RSC) na produção científica internacional sobre RI nas perspectivas da plataforma teórica, paradigmas de pesquisa, metodologias de investigação utilizadas e processo contábil. Para tanto, realizou-se uma revisão na base indexadora Scopus, pertinente à produção científica sobre o tema. Na análise dos dados consideram-se 52 artigos, publicados em revistas acadêmicas, no período de 2010 a junho de 2019, aplicando-se revisão estruturada da literatura para levantamento dos dados e utilizando a análise bibliométrica para tratamento e exame do seu conteúdo. Os resultados do estudo evidenciam a pouca ênfase dada à questão social e ambiental nas pesquisas acadêmicas sobre Relato Integrado, principalmente no que tange ao reconhecimento, classificação, mensuração e divulgação de eventos dessa natureza nesse tipo de relatório. O desafio está em desenvolver redes de pesquisa fortes e atuantes, com pesquisadores de diferentes áreas atuando de forma interdisciplinar na investigação de questões sociais, ambientais e de sustentabilidade em pesquisas de RI. Uma rede, apenas, foi identificada com duas publicações, revelando o pouco interesse no estudo de elementos que associem as práticas de RSC no processo de adoção e divulgação do RI pelas empresas. Também é importante que haja maior integração entre acadêmicos e profissionais, para que os resultados das pesquisas tenham resultados efetivos e práticos.
Analysis of Imperfections in Risk Assessment in the Polish Crisis Management System

Risk assessment in the crisis management system plays a crucial role in identifying and minimizing threats to national security. The risk assessment process is influenced by several different elements, which include legislation, organizational structures, and threats to the state’s functioning. This article aims to assess the methodology for determining risk for the needs of the crisis management system in Poland. Based on the results, original solutions in this area were presented. The main conclusion is that, despite the establishment of the Government Centre for Security, which was a breakthrough in terms of building an effective and comprehensive crisis management system and the fact that the Act of 26 April 2007 on crisis management is in force in Poland, there is a need to broaden the concept of risk and improve risk assessment methods in crisis management so that national security is at the highest possible level.
Gradient Boosting Reinforcement Learning

We present Gradient Boosting Reinforcement Learning (GBRL), a framework that adapts the strengths of gradient boosting trees (GBT) to reinforcement learning (RL) tasks. While neural networks (NNs) have become the de facto choice for RL, they face significant challenges with structured and categorical features and tend to generalize poorly to out-of-distribution samples. These are challenges for which GBTs have traditionally excelled in supervised learning. However, GBT's application in RL has been limited. The design of traditional GBT libraries is optimized for static datasets with fixed labels, making them incompatible with RL's dynamic nature, where both state distributions and reward signals evolve during training. GBRL overcomes this limitation by continuously interleaving tree construction with environment interaction. Through extensive experiments, we demonstrate that GBRL outperforms NNs in domains with structured observations and categorical features while maintaining competitive performance on standard continuous control benchmarks. Like its supervised learning counterpart, GBRL demonstrates superior robustness to out-of-distribution samples and better handles irregular state-action relationships.
ChemToolAgent: The Impact of Tools on Language Agents for Chemistry Problem Solving

To enhance large language models (LLMs) for chemistry problem solving, several LLM-based agents augmented with tools have been proposed, such as ChemCrow and Coscientist. However, their evaluations are narrow in scope, leaving a large gap in understanding the benefits of tools across diverse chemistry tasks. To bridge this gap, we develop ChemToolAgent, an enhanced chemistry agent over ChemCrow, and conduct a comprehensive evaluation of its performance on both specialized chemistry tasks and general chemistry questions. Surprisingly, ChemToolAgent does not consistently outperform its base LLMs without tools. Our error analysis with a chemistry expert suggests that: For specialized chemistry tasks, such as synthesis prediction, we should augment agents with specialized tools; however, for general chemistry questions like those in exams, agents' ability to reason correctly with chemistry knowledge matters more, and tool augmentation does not always help.
AlphaFold-Predicted Structures of KCTD Proteins Unravel Previously Undetected Relationships among the Members of the Family

One of the most striking features of KCTD proteins is their involvement in apparently unrelated yet fundamental physio-pathological processes. Unfortunately, comprehensive structure–function relationships for this protein family have been hampered by the scarcity of the structural data available. This scenario is rapidly changing due to the release of the protein three-dimensional models predicted by AlphaFold (AF). Here, we exploited the structural information contained in the AF database to gain insights into the relationships among the members of the KCTD family with the aim of facilitating the definition of the structural and molecular basis of key roles that these proteins play in many biological processes. The most important finding that emerged from this investigation is the discovery that, in addition to the BTB domain, the vast majority of these proteins also share a structurally similar domain in the C-terminal region despite the absence of general sequence similarities detectable in this region. Using this domain as reference, we generated a novel and comprehensive structure-based pseudo-phylogenetic tree that unraveled previously undetected similarities among the protein family. In particular, we generated a new clustering of the KCTD proteins that will represent a solid ground for interpreting their many functions.
Physics-Inspired Interpretability Of Machine Learning Models

The ability to explain decisions made by machine learning models remains one of the most significant hurdles towards widespread adoption of AI in highly sensitive areas such as medicine, cybersecurity or autonomous driving. Great interest exists in understanding which features of the input data prompt model decision making. In this contribution, we propose a novel approach to identify relevant features of the input data, inspired by methods from the energy landscapes field, developed in the physical sciences. By identifying conserved weights within groups of minima of the loss landscapes, we can identify the drivers of model decision making. Analogues to this idea exist in the molecular sciences, where coordinate invariants or order parameters are employed to identify critical features of a molecule. However, no such approach exists for machine learning loss landscapes. We will demonstrate the applicability of energy landscape methods to machine learning models and give examples, both synthetic and from the real world, for how these methods can help to make models more interpretable.
The Protection of Indigenous Malay People’s Customary Land Rights in Rempang Againts Land Acquisition for National Strategic Projects

General background: Indonesia recognizes customary law communities and their communal land rights as part of the national legal system, yet implementation often clashes with development agendas. Specific background: The indigenous Malay community of Rempang, settled since 1834, faces land acquisition for the Rempang Eco-City National Strategic Project, raising legal and socio-cultural disputes over displacement. Knowledge gap: Although constitutional and statutory frameworks acknowledge customary land rights, practical enforcement and administrative recognition remain weak, particularly when confronted with national development priorities. Aims: This study analyzes the legal status of the Rempang Malay community as a customary law community and evaluates the protection of their ulayat land rights in the context of land acquisition for national development. Results: Findings show that the Rempang Malay community fulfills all substantive legal elements of a customary law society, but lacks full administrative recognition, resulting in weak legal standing during land acquisition processes. The project also demonstrates insufficient meaningful participation and inadequate compensation mechanisms for cultural and spiritual losses. Novelty: This research highlights the discrepancy between de facto recognition of indigenous rights and de jure administrative acknowledgment in large-scale development cases. Implications: Strengthening formal recognition, ensuring free, prior, and informed consent, and adjusting compensation schemes are crucial to achieving development aligned with social justice and legal sustainability. Highlights:      The Rempang Malay community meets the legal criteria of a customary law society but lacks full administrative recognition. Land acquisition for the Rempang Eco-City project demonstrates weak protection and limited community participation. Strengthening legal recognition and applying fair, culturally aware compensation are essential for equitable development.  Keywords: Customary Land Rights, Rempang, Indigenous Community, Legal Protection, Land Acquisition
Artificial Intelligence in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Osteosarcoma: A Decade of Progress and Future Directions

Osteosarcoma is the most frequent cause of primary malignant bone tumors in childhood and adolescence. It is aggressive and may be associated with early metastasis, making patient management difficult. In this research, modern AI models for the diagnosis and prognosis of osteosarcoma were screened and analyzed. Our review searched for articles that used AI for the diagnosis and prognosis of osteosarcoma over the past 10 years, including AI in predicting the staging of tumors, predicting chemotherapy response, identifying prognostic biomarkers and assessing risk of metastasis. The models performed well based on AUC and C-index, with considerable discriminatory power, and were superior to the classical clinical methods analyzed. Through the identification of already existing deficiencies in the literature, this review pointed out a need for future research trends to explore with respect to prospective validation, multimodal data fusion and translation of AI tools into clinical routine.
Korean VLBI Network: the First Dedicated Mm-Wavelength VLBI Network in East Asia

Korean VLBI Network (KVN) is the first dedicated mm-wavelength VLBI Network in East Asia and will be available from the middle of 2008. KVN consists of three stations and has the maximum observation frequency of 129 GHz with the maximum baseline length of 480 km. KVN has unique characteristics in the multifrequency, simultaneous observing system. By taking advantage of this we are considering various science topics, including not only maser emitting regions and young stellar objects in our galaxy, but also extragalactic objects. Construction of the first site is in progress. We are concurrently developing components, including receivers, data acquisition systems, and a correlator, and also arranging the international collaboration.
Continuously and simultaneously optimizing an organization’s safety and security culture and climate: the Improvement Diamond for Excellence Achievement and Leadership in Safety &amp; Security (IDEAL S&amp;S) model

Abstract   This article discusses an innovative approach to measure and to enhance a company’s safety culture and climate as well as its security culture and climate in one go. A safety and security culture and climate model using three dimensions (People, Procedures and Technology) is suggested to form the building blocks of the model. The Improvement Diamond for Excellence Achievement and Leadership in Safety and Security (abbreviated IDEAL S&S) model’s structure is shaped by integrating the principles of Performance Management into the well-known and much used concept of the PDCA cycle or loop of continuous improvement. This way, the model can easily be used and implemented by any organization. Furthermore, a Roadmap is provided for introducing and applying the model and the approach to test the model in a real industrial setting is explained and discussed.
Health literacy and the Australian Curriculum for Health and Physical Education: a marriage of convenience or a process of empowerment?

The concept of ‘health literacy’ is becoming increasingly prominent internationally, and it has been identified as one of the five key propositions that underpin the forthcoming Australian Curriculum: Health and Physical Education (ACHPE). The ACHPE is one of few national curricula to explicitly refer to health literacy, identifying it as an empowerment strategy that involves young people taking action to promote their own and others' good health. Given ongoing concerns surrounding the efficacy of Health Education, coupled with the privileged status of literacy education in contemporary schooling, health literacy could also be viewed as an unsurprising marriage of convenience between health and dominant education discourses. This paper explores health literacy from socio-historical, theoretical and future-focused perspectives. In so doing, it discusses some possible implications, challenges and opportunities that we could expect once the ACHPE is mobilised in schools.
Systems analysis programs for hands-on integrated reliability evaluations (SAPHIRE) Version 5.0. Fault tree, event tree, and piping &amp; instrumentation diagram (FEP) editors reference manual: Volume 7

The Systems Analysis Programs for Hands-on Integrated Reliability Evaluations (SAPHIRE) refers to a set of several microcomputer programs that were developed to create and analyze probabilistic risk assessments (PRAs), primarily for nuclear power plants. The Fault Tree, Event Tree, and Piping and Instrumentation Diagram (FEP) editors allow the user to graphically build and edit fault trees, and event trees, and piping and instrumentation diagrams (P and IDs). The software is designed to enable the independent use of the graphical-based editors found in the Integrated Reliability and Risk Assessment System (IRRAS). FEP is comprised of three separate editors (Fault Tree, Event Tree, and Piping and Instrumentation Diagram) and a utility module. This reference manual provides a screen-by-screen guide of the entire FEP System.
The Galactic center interstellar medium as seen by ISO

This paper deals with the heating and the ionization of the interstellar medium (ISM) in the 500 central pc of the Milky Way (hereafter Galactic center, GC). We review the results of the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) observations of a sample of GC molecular clouds located far from thermal radiocontinuum or far-infrared sources. For the first time, we have been able to study in detail the dust continuum spectra from 40 to 190 microns founding a warm (30-40 K) dust component in addition to the well known 15-20 K component. Fine-structure lines observations have revealed the presence of diffuse ionized gas associated with the molecular clouds. The effective temperature of the ionizing radiation is higher than 33000 K. ISO has also allow us to measure the fraction of warm (~ 150 K) H2 in the GC clouds, which is on average of 30 %. The observations of the warm (a few 100 K) neutral gas are compatible with a Photon Dominated Region (PDR) scenario.
X-ray Spectroscopy of Galaxy Clusters

Galaxy clusters, the largest clearly defined objects in our Universe, are ideal laboratories to study in detail the cosmic evolution of the intergalactic intracluster medium (ICM) and the cluster galaxy population. For the ICM, which is heated to X-ray radiating temperatures, X-ray spectroscopy is the most important tool to obtain insight into the structure and astrophysics of galaxy clusters. In this review we recall the basic principles of the interpretation of X-ray spectra from a hot, tenuous plasma and we illustrate the wide range of scientific applications of X-ray spectroscopy. The determination of galaxy cluster masses, important for cosmology, rest crucially on a precise spectroscopic ICM temperature determination. The study of the thermal structure of the ICM provides a very interesting fossil record of the energy release during galaxy formation and evolution. The temperature and pressure distribution of the ICM gives us important insight into the process of galaxy cluster merging and the dissipation of the merger energy in form of turbulent motion. Cooling cores in the centers are interesting laboratories to investigate the interplay between gas cooling, star- and black hole formation and energy feedback, which is diagnosed by means of X-ray spectroscopy. The element abundances deduced from X-ray spectra of the ICM provide a cosmic history record of the contribution of different supernovae to the nucleosynthesis of heavy elements and their spatial distribution partly reflects important transport processes in the ICM. Some discussion of plasma diagnostics for conditions out of thermal equilibrium and an outlook on the future prospects of X-ray spectroscopic cluster studies complete our review.
Gas lasers with /spl gamma/-radiation pumping as the source of laser energy for research of plasma physics and inertial thermonuclear fusion (ITF)

Summary form only given, as follows. To study plasma physics and ITF powerful gas lasers could be used with /spl gamma/-radiation pumping from an underground nuclear explosion. It is shown that the nuclear explosion as a source of pulsed /spl gamma/-radiation is characterized by unique features, i.e. high specific pumping power, short pulse duration, high spatial and temporal pumping symmetry, possibility of laser pulse profiling in time. The experiments carried out in VNIIEF confirm the laser characteristics expected and show the possibility of one-channel laser systems creation with energy of up to 10/sup 5/ J and multi-channel-with energy of up to 10/sup 6/ J, specific focused power is as high as 10/sup 16/ W/cm/sup 2/ and higher. The investigations were carried out with the lasers on IR- and UV-ranges.