ethicalabs/Research-Intent-Collab huggingface dataset:
PREDIKSI PERGERAKAN HARGA SAHAM MENGGUNAKAN QUANTUM MACHINE LEARNING BERBASIS VARIATIONAL QUANTUM CIRCUITS

Pergerakan harga saham bersifat kompleks, non-linear dan dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor ekonomi sehingga prediksinya menjadi tantangan bagi metode tradisional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan Quantum Machine Learning (QML) berbasis Variational Quantum Circuits (VQC) dalam memprediksi arah pergerakan harga saham di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Dataset yang digunakan merupakan data harga harian saham (open, high, low, close, volume) selama periode 2020 - 2025 yang diperoleh dari Yahoo Finance dan IDX. Metode penelitian meliputi preprocessing data, transformasi time series menggunakan sliding window, serta pelatihan model QML untuk memprediksi tren naik atau turun saham. Hasil eksperimen menunjukkan bahwa model QML mampu mencapai akurasi prediksi sebesar 99,70%. Evaluasi dilakukan menggunakan metrik akurasi, mean squared error (MSE) dan confusion matrix, menunjukkan kemampuan VQC menangkap pola non-linear yang kompleks. Penelitian ini menegaskan potensi QML sebagai teknologi inovatif untuk analisis pasar saham dan membuka peluang pengembangan sistem prediksi saham berbasis komputasi kuantum di masa depan.
Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase in Escherichia coli isolated from humans, animals, and environments in Bangladesh: A One Health perspective systematic review and meta-analysis

Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli has been linked to both life-threatening hospital- and community-acquired infections across the globe. Here, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the prevalence of ESBL in E. coli isolated from humans, animals, and environments in Bangladesh. Following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, the current systematic review and meta-analysis was taken into account for studies published between 2010 and 2021 in peer-reviewed journals. The meta-analysis was performed on "R" version 4.2.2. A total of 36 studies were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis; among them, 22 were human, seven were animal, four were environmental, and three were multidisciplinary studies. The meta-analysis revealed that the pooled prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli in Bangladesh was 21% (95% CI: 15%-27%). On the sample basis, the pooled prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli in humans, animals, and environments was 17% (95% CI: 11%-23%), 22% (95% CI: 9%-34%), and 39% (95% CI: 16%-62%), respectively. All the pooled prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli showed substantial heterogeneity (I2 > 75%; p < 0.05) among the selected studies. This systematic review reported 13 different types of resistance genes encoding ESBL, such as blaTEM-1 (37.5%), blaCMY (34.6%), blaCTX-M-1 (20.7%), blaCTX-M-15 (16.1%), blaTEM (12.3%), blaCTX-M and blaOXA (9.6%), blaOXA-1 (5.8%), blaampC (3.9%), blaSHV (3.8%), blaCMY-2 (2.3%), blaCTX-M-14 (1.3%), and blaCTX-M-9 (0.3%). Moreover, 39 types of epidemiologically important clones (including ST10 and ST131) were detected in ESBL-producing E. coli isolated from humans, animals, and environments in Bangladesh. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic review and meta-analysis of integrated studies on ESBL-producing E. coli using the One Health approach in Bangladesh. The high prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli, their resistance genes, and epidemiologically important clones in humans, animals, and environments highlights the importance of implementing comprehensive antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance under a One Health perspective to mitigate the AMR consequences in Bangladesh.
Additional file 2 of A review of smartphone applications designed to improve occupational health, safety, and well-being at workplaces

Additional file 2. Search strings.
Convergence and variance reduction for stochastic differential equations in sampling and optimisation

Three problems that are linked by way of motivation are addressed in this work. In the first part of the thesis, we study the generalised Langevin equation for simulated annealing with the underlying goal of improving continuous-time dynamics for the problem of global optimisation of nonconvex functions. The main result in this part is on the convergence to the global optimum, which is shown using techniques from hypocoercivity given suitable assumptions on the nonconvex function. Alongside, we investigate numerically the problem of parameter tuning in the continuous-time equation. In the second part of the thesis, this last problem is addressed rigorously for the underdamped Langevin dynamics. In particular, a systematic procedure for finding the optimal friction matrix in the sampling problem is presented. We give an expression for the gradient of the asymptotic variance in terms of solutions to Poisson equations and present a working algorithm for approximating its value. Lastly, regularity of an associated semigroup, twice differentiable-in-space solutions to the Kolmogorov equation and weak numerical convergence rates of order one are shown for a class of stochastic differential equations with superlinearly growing, non-globally monotone coefficients. In the relation to the previous part, the results allow the use of Poisson equations for variations of Langevin dynamics not permissible before.
High-Capacity O2-Type Layered Oxide Cathode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries: Ion-Exchange Synthesis and Electrochemistry

The O2-type layered oxide cathode materials have attracted strong research interest recently because of their high specific capacity and their unique lattice structure that may help suppress the detrimental layer-to-spinel phase transition. These materials are metastable and commonly prepared through Li-Na exchange methods from the Na-containing P2-type oxides. Here we investigated the structural, chemical, and morphological changes during the ion-exchange processes in both the LiBr/hexanol solution and the LiNO                     3                     /LiCl molten salts. The solution method was more favorable in preparing high-capacity O2-type cathode materials, even though the structural reorganization was slower compared with the molten-salt method. The as-made O2-type cathode materials, contrary to the previous belief, were actually Li-deficient at their pristine states, but could accept more Li ions than that it was extracted during the first charge/discharge cycle. The O2-type cathode materials exhibited high capacities (up to 266 mAh g                     −1                     ) but the cycle performance requires further improvements. XRD and Raman spectroscopy studies indicated that the structural changes in the bulk were quite reversible. Using a fluorinated electrolyte to address the interface instability improved the cycle performance. Our results provide a more complete understanding of the O2-type cathode materials and useful guidance in the design of low-cost, high-energy cathode materials for LIBs.
Engineering Intelligent Health Systems: AI-Powered Business Analytics for Informed Clinical Decision-Making

The science of intelligent health systems (IHS) is crucial to the fundamental transformation of modern healthcare by embedding artificial intelligence (AI), robust data analytics, and resilient system architecture. IHS can handle unlimited clinical, imaging, and biomarker data through scalable architecture and interoperable platforms. The main components are acquisition devices, linear extraction and transformation lines, a computational engine driven by AI, and interfaces for clinical decision making, all of which require tight integration of engineering principles. Between 2018 and 2024, hospitals implementing IHS reported a 60% faster turnaround time for diagnostics, a 25% to 30% decrease in operating costs, and a 40% increase in efficiency for clinical workflows. The engineering architecture includes containerized environments, edge-computing devices, micro services architecture, and standardized health communications protocols. In this review, we examined how engineering principles facilitate data integrity, fault tolerance, scalability, and system performance. We also studied the systems that support the AI models that provide predictive diagnostics, risk stratification, and real-time treatment plan recommendations. The examples from various healthcare systems, additional to rural deployments and academic hospitals, demonstrate that an IHS is adaptable and scalable if it is properly engineered and, consequently, used appropriately. For example, business analytics platforms can be incorporated into the IHS and maximize financial planning, optimization of resources, and forecasting return-on-investment. The long-standing challenges of interoperability constraints, cybersecurity, infrastructure costs, and clinician adoption are discussed from an engineering perspective.
Reconstruction of the evolutionary history of gene gains and losses since the last universal common ancestor

Gene gains and losses have shaped the gene repertoire of species since the universal last common ancestor to species today. Genes in extant species were gained at different historical times via de novo creation of new genes, duplication of existing genes or transfer from genes of another species (HGT), and get lost gradually. With the increasing number of sequenced genomes, some comparative analyses have been done to quantify the evolutionary history of gene gains and losses in restricted lineages like vertebrates, insects, fungi, plants and so on. Here, we have constructed and analyzed over 10,000 gene family trees to reconstruct the gene content of ancestral genomes at an unprecedented scale, covering hundreds of genomes across all domains of life. This is the most comprehensive genome-wide analysis of all events in gene evolutionary histories. We find that our results are largely consistent with earlier, less complete comparative studies on specific lineages such as the vertebrates, but find significant differences especially in recent evolutionary histories. We find that the rate of gene gain varies widely among branches of the species tree, and find that some periods of rapid gene duplication are associated with great extinctions in geological history.
Accretion Disc-Corona Models and X/gamma-ray Spectra of Accreting Black Holes

We discuss properties of thermal and hybrid (thermal/non-thermal) electron-positron plasmas in the pair and energy equilibria. Various accretion disc-corona models, recently proposed to explain properties of galactic as well as extragalactic accreting black holes, are confronted with the observed broad-band X-ray and gamma-ray spectra.
Organisational Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility in European Business: Regional Variations and Strategic Impacts on Sustainability

Background. In a time marked by globalisation, environmental challenges, and rising social expectations, European businesses face increasing pressure to align profitability with ethical responsibility and sustainable development.  Purpose. This study analyses how organisational ethics and corporate social responsibility (CSR) are integrated into European business strategies and assesses their strategic impact on sustainability and competitiveness with a focus on Romania. The study analyses the conceptualisation of CSR, the evolution of sustainability reporting in Europe (2010–2025), compared regional models, and conducted a sectoral analysis that considered changes in EU legislation.  Findings. The study applies a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative analysis of CSR indicators, such as sustainability reporting rates, performance metrics, and policy data (2010-2025), with qualitative case studies and comparative assessments at the firm and sector levels. CSR has evolved from a voluntary, philanthropic concern into a strategic necessity. Across Europe, 82% of major firms now issue sustainability reports, while Romania’s reporting rate among large companies rose to 74% by 2022, signalling rapid but still incomplete convergence with Western standards and proving the persistence of significant regional differences. CSR and ethics improve innovation capacity, risk mitigation, stakeholder trust and are positively associated with long-term competitiveness.  Implications. Corporate social responsibility and organisational ethics have become core drivers of long-term competitiveness in European markets. However, persistent regional disparities mean that Western Europe operates with mature and stakeholder-oriented corporate social responsibility models. In contrast, in Romania, social responsibility remains an emerging component of organisational culture, primarily driven by EU integration and regulatory pressures. For Romania, sustainable success will depend on deepening the transition from formal compliance to genuinely embedding ethical and sustainable business practices.
Moving the Science of Behavior Change into the 21st Century: Novel Solutions to Prevent Disease and Promote Health

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs)?such as heart disease and stroke, cancer, diabetes, and chronic lung disease?kill more people globally than infectious diseases and are responsible for about two-thirds of deaths worldwide [1]. Six out of the seven most important risk factors for premature death (high blood pressure, high cholesterol, high body mass index, inadequate fruit and vegetable intake, physical inactivity, and excessive alcohol consumption) are related to diet and physical activity (smoking is the seventh). Unhealthy diet and the lack of physical activity are the leading causes of avoidable illness and premature death in Europe. Worldwide, the prevalence of NCDs is expected to increase dramatically (see ?Diseases That Break the Bank?).
The Intersectionality of Community Trust, Disaster Risk Perception, and Social Vulnerability in Life According to the Constructivist Perspective of Risk Perception

This study is based on the awareness of the problem that disaster risk perception is reduced to an isolated individual's problem and decontextualized due to unexplained in social relationships, and that it has not been able to comprehensively discuss how disaster risk perception relates to ultimate well-being, such as life satisfaction. Accordingly, the structural relationship between community trust, disaster risk perception, and life satisfaction is analyzed in an integrated manner, and in particular, whether social vulnerability regulates the relationship between the three variables is analyzed through controlled mediating model analysis. The results show that community trust has a negative significant effect on disaster risk perception, but this relationship is not moderated by social vulnerability. The impact of disaster risk perception on life satisfaction is significantly moderated by social vulnerability, and the higher the social vulnerability, the greater the negative impact of disaster risk perception on life satisfaction, and when social vulnerability is low, disaster risk perception does not have a significant effect on life satisfaction. Finally, community trust has a positively significant effect on life satisfaction, and the degree of influence is significantly lower as social vulnerability increases. These results suggest that the more socially vulnerable the contradictory relationship in which disaster risk perception, a resource for disaster response, impairs life satisfaction, is strengthened, and the higher the social vulnerability, the more life satisfaction is threatened through multiple channels.
The Creation of the African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights

L’étude du processus d’ingénierie institutionnelle de la Cour africaine des droits de l’Homme et des peuples révèle le rôle central joué par les ONG : elles ont donné l’impulsion initiale, orchestré la mobilisation, encadré les négociations et milité pour l’adoption du Protocole. Ce nouveau mode de production du droit doit cependant être analysé avec un regard critique afin de déceler les logiques de pouvoir très fortes au sein du « monde multicentré ». La professionnalisation des ONG et l’autonomisation du champ de la production des standards juridiques vont de pair avec la marginalisation des militants locaux. L’activité de production de normes est l’affaire des experts juridiques apolitiques qui entretiennent des relations de collaboration avec les notables des diplomaties d’État et des organisations intergouvernementales.
The Impact of Social Media on the Mental Health and Self-esteem of Adolescents

Introduction.                                          The growing influence of social media on adolescent culture requires systematic study of its impact on the mental health and self-esteem of young people. Existing studies show conflicting results regarding the nature of this influence.                                                           Objective.                     To investigate the relationship between social media, use, mental health, and self-esteem in adolescents, and to develop recommendations for reducing psychological stress.                                                                                  Materials and methods.                                          A comprehensive study was conducted using mixed methods, including a systematic literature review, meta-analysis, quantitative survey, and semi-structured interviews. Standardized methods were used: The Social Media Usage Intensity Scale (SMUIS), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7). Mathematical data processing was performed using Pearson's correlation coefficient, multiple regression analysis, and Student's t-test.                                                                                  Results.                                          A significant negative correlation was found between the intensity of social media use and self-esteem, as well as a positive correlation with anxiety and depression levels. A curvilinear relationship was found between social media use and psychological well-being, with moderate use associated with the most positive outcomes. Significant gender differences were identified: girls demonstrate greater vulnerability to the negative effects of social networks.                                                                                  Discussion.                                          The impact of social media on the psychological well-being of adolescents is complex and is modeled by a number of factors, including intensity of use, gender, and individual personality traits. Moderate and conscious use of social media is associated with more positive psychological outcomes. Recommendations have been developed for parents, educators, and mental health professionals aimed at fostering healthy patterns of social media use among adolescents.
ICT and Artificial Intelligence Adoption in Agriculture: Implications for Household Food Security and Sustainable Development in a Developing Economy-Evidence from Nigeria

Food security and environmentally friendly farming techniques are in dire need of creative solutions as the world's agricultural landscape faces previously unheard-of difficulties brought on by population increase, climate change, and changing consumer demands. This study looks at how ICT and AI in agriculture support sustainable development and food security in Nigeria. It examines how household food security and ICT/AI use are mediated by young employment, agricultural AI adoption, and farmers' ICT use. The study employed a survey research methodology. 300 urban farmers in the main Ebonyi State cities of Abakaliki, Afikpo, Onueke, Uburu, and Effium participated in a census approach to collect data. SWOT and PESTEL analyses were then utilized to give strategic insights. An 83.3 percent return rate was obtained from the 250 copies that were completed. The results show that while youth empowerment has a substantial impact on the association between food safety and ICT and IA, employing ICT and AI to provide access to markets, information, and support services considerably boosts household food security. It recommends the dissemination agents receive training in the usage of ICT platforms and AI technologies so they can provide farmers with accurate and timely advice.
VaMP: Variational Multi-Modal Prompt Learning for Vision-Language Models

Vision-language models (VLMs), such as CLIP, have shown strong generalization under zero-shot settings, yet adapting them to downstream tasks with limited supervision remains a significant challenge. Existing multi-modal prompt learning methods typically rely on fixed, shared prompts and deterministic parameters, which limits their ability to capture instance-level variation or model uncertainty across diverse tasks and domains. To tackle this issue, we propose a novel Variational Multi-Modal Prompt Learning (VaMP) framework that enables sample-specific, uncertainty-aware prompt tuning in multi-modal representation learning. VaMP generates instance-conditioned prompts by sampling from a learned posterior distribution, allowing the model to personalize its behavior based on input content. To further enhance the integration of local and global semantics, we introduce a class-aware prior derived from the instance representation and class prototype. Building upon these, we formulate prompt tuning as variational inference over latent prompt representations and train the entire framework end-to-end through reparameterized sampling. Experiments on few-shot and domain generalization benchmarks show that VaMP achieves state-of-the-art performance, highlighting the benefits of modeling both uncertainty and task structure in our method. Project page: https://visual-ai.github.io/vamp
Protecting critical infrastructure and engineering asset management organisations through better management practices : developing a comprehensive model for crisis and disaster mitigation management using Social Exchange Theory and resilience engineering

This thesis establishes the importance of understanding the impact of social exchange factors as predictors of resilience engineering factors for crisis and disaster non-mitigation efforts within critical infrastructure and engineering asset management organisations (CIEO). This thesis demonstrates that non-structural mitigation efforts utilising social exchange theory and resilience engineering provide useful stepping stones for CIEO engineering managers and engineering employees to mitigate process safety events in an effective and cost efficient ways. Hence the contribution of the thesis is that it incorporates the important role of management and develops and empirically tests a model for non-structural mitigation management practices using resilience engineering and social exchange theory for CIEOs.
A Micro-Macro-Economic Modelling Approach to Major Welfare System Reforms:The Case of a Universal Basic Income for Scotland

This paper develops – and applies – a micro-macroeconomic modeling approach for assessing major welfare system reforms. With a growing interest in the value of bold welfare reforms in the light of persistent and widening inequalities, we demonstrate the value of a comprehensive analysis of both the (micro) impact upon the distribution of household incomes and wider (macro) impacts upon national income, unemployment and government spending. By combining microsimulation with CGE modeling, we argue that our findings demonstrate the importance of any major social welfare or broad fiscal reform being the subject of a micro-macro modeling approach. We illustrate this through an application to the introduction of a universal basic income in Scotland.