ethicalabs/Research-Intent-Collab huggingface dataset:
Research on Spatial-temporal Spread and Risk Profile of the COVID-19 Epidemic Based on Mobile Phone Trajectory Data

The COVID-19 epidemic poses a significant challenge to the operation of society and the resumption of work and production. How to quickly track the resident location and activity trajectory of the population, and identify the spread risk of the COVID-19 in geospatial space has important theoretical and practical significance for controlling the spread of the virus on a large scale. In this study, we take the geographical community as the research object, and use the mobile phone trajectory data to construct the spatiotemporal profile of the potential high-risk population. First, by using the spatiotemporal data collision method, identify, and recover the trajectories of the people who were in the same area with the confirmed patients during the same time. Then, based on the range of activities of both cohorts (the confirmed cases and the potentially infected groups), we analyze the risk level of the relevant places and evaluate the scale of potential spread. Finally, we calculate the probability of infection for different communities and construct the spatiotemporal profile for the transmission to help guide the distribution of preventive materials and human resources. The proposed method is verified using survey data of 10 confirmed cases and statistical data of 96 high-risk neighborhoods in Chengdu, China, between 15 January 2020 and 15 February 2020. The analysis finds that the method accurately simulates the spatiotemporal spread of the epidemic in Chengdu and measures the risk level in specific areas, which provides an objective basis for the government and relevant parties to plan and manage the prevention and control of the epidemic.
Quality indicators for palliative and end of life care: a review of Swedish policy documents

BackgroundAll patients with palliative and end of life care needs should be guaranteed equal and safe treatment and care, regardless of their disease or site of care. The inclusion of quality indicators in national guidelines and other guiding documents supports quality assurance and improvement in provision of care. The aim of this paper was to review existing quality indicators in national Swedish policy documents relevant to palliative and end of life care.MethodsWe reviewed existing guidelines for diseases expected to require palliative care issued by the National Board of Health and Welfare, existing regional clinical practice guidelines and the annual report of the Swedish Register of Palliative Care (SRPC) up until 2010.ResultsWe found 11 quality indicators pertinent to palliative and end of life care in the guidelines for cancer diseases and ‘The care and nursing of the elderly’. The indicators included assessment and treatment of pain, communication with the patient and the family, documentation in the patient record and registration in the SRPC. In the national guidelines for cardiology, pulmonary diseases, stroke, diabetes and dementia, there were no indicators relevant for palliative or end of life care.ConclusionsIn the existing Swedish national guidelines for many different diseases, there is still a great need to define clinically relevant and feasible outcome measures of quality of palliative and end of life care.
Nigeria’s bid for inclusion in the permanent seat of the security council of the united nations: An assessment

This paper seeks to examine the opinions of some scholars on Nigeria‘s agitation for reform and inclusion in the permanent seat of the Security Council of the United Nations, presently occupied by five countries including the United States of America, Russia, Great Britain, France and China. The essence of the reform is to make it look more democratic thereby reflecting all the continents of the world, against the present order. The paper also investigates the elements that undermine Nigeria‘s bid for inclusion in the permanent seat of the Security Council. The paper adopts content analysis in its methodology, with particular focus on secondary data as source of information.. The paper finds out that Nigeria, at present, cannot occupy a permanent seat of the Security Council because of domestic and or internal problems such as political leadership, economic dependency, military capacity and technology, democratic practice, human rights abuses, etc. The paper recommends that Nigeria solves her domestic problems before looking at the world problems. Besides, she can still exercise power at the international system using the machinery of regional platforms like ECOWAS and AU.Keywords: Nigeria, Security Council, United Nations, Permanent Seat, Agitation
Imprints of dark matter on the structural properties of minimally deformed compact stars

In this manuscript, we investigate the possibility of constructing anisotropic dark matter compact stars motivated by the Einasto density profile. This work develops analytical solutions for an anisotropic fluid sphere within the framework of the well-known Adler-Finch-Skea metric. This toy model incorporates an anisotropic fluid distribution that includes a dark matter component. We use the minimal geometric deformation scheme within the framework of gravitational decoupling to incorporate anisotropy into the pressure profile of the stellar system. In this context, we model the temporal constituent of the $Θ$-field sector to characterize the contribution of dark matter within the gravitational matter source. We present an alternative approach to studying anisotropic self-gravitating structures. This approach incorporates additional field sources arising from gravitational decoupling, which act as the dark component. We explicitly verify whether the proposed model satisfies all the requirements for describing realistic compact structures in detail. We conclude that the modeling of the Einasto density model with the Adler-Finch-Skea metric gives rise to the formation of well-behaved and viable astrophysical results that can be employed to model the dark matter stellar configurations.
Multi-label Crowdsourcing Learning with Incomplete Annotations

In this paper we consider multi-label crowdsourcing (MLC) learning with labeling information from non-expert crowds. Previous crowdsourcing works typically care about single-label tasks, which ignore the label correlations. While the preliminary MLC studies concern themselves with the label correlations, they focus on local correlations whose estimation relies heavily on the annotations’ quality and requires complete annotations for the labeled instances. However, annotations’ quality in MLC is often various and incomplete annotations are common. For example, the crowds may just tag a few labels and leave the other labels untouched due to the heavy workload or labeling uncertainty. In this paper, we deal with the incomplete annotation issue. We propose a two stage approach considering the global low-rank structure correlation between the labels and crowds. Being able to learn with incomplete annotations, we also extend the proposed model to active annotation collection which significantly reduces the labeling cost. Experiments validate the effectiveness of our proposals.
The XMM-Newton Survey Science Centre Medium Sensitivity Survey

We present preliminary results on the XMM-Newton Survey Science Centre medium sensitivity survey (XMS), with 0.5-4.5 keV flux limit 2 10^{-14} erg/cm2/s. At present, 19 fields have been examined with a total of 239 X-ray sources. Identifications for about 2/3 of these reveal that type 1 AGN dominate, but type 2 AGN, absorption-line galaxies and clusters as well as stars are also present. We also discuss on a few X-ray selected Broad-Absorption-Line QSOs found in this survey.
Supplemental Material, Online_Appendix_1 - Physical Health, Medical Care Access, and Medical Insurance Coverage of Youth Returning Home After Incarceration: A Systematic Review

Supplemental Material, Online_Appendix_1 for Physical Health, Medical Care Access, and Medical Insurance Coverage of Youth Returning Home After Incarceration: A Systematic Review by Elizabeth Barnert, Ava Sun, Laura S. Abrams and Paul J. Chung in Journal of Correctional Health Care
Differentiation of Cation−π Bonding from Cation−π Intermolecular Interactions:  A Quantum Chemistry Study Using Density-Functional Theory and Morokuma Decomposition Methods

A strong interaction called cation−π bonding, which we named because it occurs between aromatics and divalent metal cations, has been successfully differentiated from the normal cation−π intermolecular interactions. Our findings were based on the B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) calculations and Morokuma decomposition analyses on the complexes formed by substituted benzenes with alkaline metal and alkaline earth metal ions. In comparison with the common cation−π intermolecular interaction, the cation−π bond in the complexes of either Be2+ or Mg2+ with the aromatics has its own characteristics:  (a) short bond lengths, (b) very strong binding strength, (c) significant nonelectrostatic interaction that constitutes more than 50% of the total binding strength, (d) obvious cation−π orbital interaction, and (e) special orbital interaction pattern that only the π orbitals of the aromatics interact with the s, px, and py atomic orbitals of metal cations for forming bonding MOs. While the electrostatic interaction is significa...
Design of a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) using Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) for environmental and biological measurements for Internet of Things (IoT)

Nowadays everyone knows what the Bluetooth technology is, but few people can really understand that Bluetooth is based on two different technologies. In this project, the Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) protocol will be explained together with how it is used very efficiently in mobile devices. With the explanation, the most important differences between Bluetooth Low Energy and Bluetooth Classic (the other version of Bluetooth) will be understood, as well as, the newer versions of BLE with their new features and the improvements that they bring. Bluetooth Low Energy will be contextualized within the wireless low energy technologies environment considering the competition with other similar protocols. The main goal of this project is to explain deeply and with detail the Bluetooth Low Energy protocol and give the necessary information to be able to develop a simple implementation of this technology. Furthermore, this paper will cover how data is organized, information is transmitted and the benefits of using this technology for a sensor network. Next, the tools that are used for the CC1352R chip from Texas Instruments will be explained. There will be a step-by-step tutorial with the educational SimpleLink environment to develop a project from the start using the chip. With this basis it will be possible to make implementations of new projects and similar setups with some minor modifications. Afterwards, the device consumption will be measured and analyzed then the BLE range will be tested. In addition, a case for sensor communication will be designed that will take environmental and biological measurements. Finally, an application will be developed to show the measurements taken and that have been transmitted to the phone from the device using Bluetooth Low Energy.
Decolonization without Self-Determination?

Abstract     As the Carnation Revolution of 25 April 1974 in Lisbon set in motion the process of decolonizing the empire, the future of ‘Portuguese Timor’ was the subject of an intense debate which involved external actors. Like other Asian remnants of the empire, Timor was a small territory surrounded by a giant neighbour, which laid claim to be part of the process. Indonesia sought contact with the Portuguese authorities, and the countries held several rounds of talks up to November 1975. This essay surveys those talks, based primarily on Portuguese archival material, and details how the two countries failed to reach an agreement. Whereas Indonesia sought direct negotiations that would decolonize the territory while excluding the Timorese themselves, Portugal took note of Indonesian claims but insisted that a genuine act of self-determination based on the direct consultation of the Timorese people was required.
Health Service Access, Use, and Insurance Coverage Among American Indians/Alaska Natives and Whites: What Role Does the Indian Health Service Play?

Objectives. We compared access and utilization of health services among American Indians/Alaska Natives (AIANs) with that among non-Hispanic Whites.  Methods. We used data from the 1997 and 1999 National Survey of America’s Families to estimate odds ratios for several measures of access and utilization and the effects of Indian Health Service (IHS) coverage.  Results. AIANs had less insurance coverage and worse access and utilization than Whites. Over half of low-income uninsured AIANs did not have access to the IHS. However, among the low-income population, AIANs with only IHS access fared better than uninsured AIANs and as well as insured Whites for key measures but received less preventive care.  Conclusions. The IHS partially offsets lack of insurance for some uninsured AIANs, but important needs were potentially unmet.
A Mathematical Model with Modified Logistic Approach for Singly-Peaked Population Processes

When a small number of individuals of organism of single species is confined in a closed space with limited amount of indispensable resources, their breading may start initially under suitable conditions, and after peaking, the population should go extinct as the resources are exhausted. Starting with the logistic equation and assuming that the carrying capacity of the environment is a function of the amount of resources, a mathematical model describing such pattern of population change is obtained. An application of this model to typical population records, that of deer herds by Scheffer (1951) and O'Roke and Hamerstrome (1948), yields estimations of the initial amount of indispensable food and its availability or nutritional efficiency which were previously unspecified.
ArVoice: A Multi-Speaker Dataset for Arabic Speech Synthesis

We introduce ArVoice, a multi-speaker Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) speech corpus with diacritized transcriptions, intended for multi-speaker speech synthesis, and can be useful for other tasks such as speech-based diacritic restoration, voice conversion, and deepfake detection. ArVoice comprises: (1) a new professionally recorded set from six voice talents with diverse demographics, (2) a modified subset of the Arabic Speech Corpus; and (3) high-quality synthetic speech from two commercial systems. The complete corpus consists of a total of 83.52 hours of speech across 11 voices; around 10 hours consist of human voices from 7 speakers. We train three open-source TTS and two voice conversion systems to illustrate the use cases of the dataset. The corpus is available for research use.
Sounding-rocket microgravity experiments on alumina dust

Alumina (Al2O3) is believed to be the first major condensate to form in the gas outflow from oxygen-rich evolved stars because of the refractoriness and that alpha-Al2O3. (corundum, most stable polymorph) is a potential origin of a 13 mu m feature that appears close to stars. However, no one has directly reproduced the 13 mu m feature experimentally, and it has remained as a noteworthy unidentified infrared band. Here, we report nucleation experiments on Al2O3 nanoparticles monitored by a specially designed infrared spectrometer in the microgravity environment of a sounding rocket. The conditions approximate to those around asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars. The measured spectra of the nucleated Al2O3 show a sharp feature at a wavelength of 13.55 mu m and comparable in width to that observed near oxygen-rich AGB stars. Our finding that alpha-Al(2)O(3 )nucleates under certain condition provides a solid basis to elaborate condensation models of dust around oxygen-rich evolved stars.
Robert John Penessis v United Republic of Tanzania (Judgement) (African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights, App No.013/2015, 28 November 2019)

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Firm Projects, NPV and Risk

An investor is estimating net present value of a firm project and performs risk analysis. Usually it is created portfolio hierarchies and make comparison of variants of project based on these hierarchies. Then one finds that portfolio which corresponds to the particular needs of individual groups within the firm. We have formulated a new type of NPV analysis based on the fact that normal distribution of NPV is observed for some projects in some industries. The expected risk of the project is given by variance, in which there is the standard deviation of the year n cash flow, the standard deviation of the investment I in the time zero, the correlation coefficient of the year n cash flow deviation from the average and of the investment I at time zero deviation from the mean investment at time zero, the correlation coefficient of the year n cash flow deviation from the average and of the year n' cash flow deviation from the average. The aim function of the investor into the project was found. The investor is characterized by the constant A. The larger constant A the larger preference is given to the project NPV and the larger acceptable risk of the project, and vice versa. We have found that there are contributions in which we have the aim-function-like contribution to the aim function, which is discounted and in which the risk of the n-th year risk is discounted in the second order. Further there is aim-function-like contribution to the aim-function which comes from the initial investment I and its risk.
The assumption of prospective responsibility in Corporate Social Responsibility discourse from the garment industry: a methodological proposal and discourse analysis of mechanisms for expressing responsibility assumption in CSR reports of some transnational clothing companies

Programa Oficial de Doutoramento en Lingüística e as súas Aplicacións. 522V01
Path to stable quantum spin liquids in spin-orbit coupled correlated materials

The spin liquid phase is one of the prominent strongly interacting topological phases of matter whose unambiguous confirmation is yet to be reached despite intensive experimental efforts on numerous candidate materials. Recently, a new family of correlated honeycomb materials, in which strong spin-orbit coupling allows for various bond-dependent spin interactions, have been promising candidates to realize the Kitaev spin liquid. Here we study a model with bond-dependent spin interactions and show numerical evidence for the existence of an extended quantum spin liquid region, which is possibly connected to the Kitaev spin liquid state. These results are used to provide an explanation of the scattering continuum seen in neutron scattering on $α$-RuCl$_3$.
EviPlant: An efficient digital forensic challenge creation, manipulation and distribution solution

Education and training in digital forensics requires a variety of suitable challenge corpora containing realistic features including regular wear-and-tear, background noise, and the actual digital traces to be discovered during investigation. Typically, the creation of these challenges requires overly arduous effort on the part of the educator to ensure their viability. Once created, the challenge image needs to be stored and distributed to a class for practical training. This storage and distribution step requires significant time and resources and may not even be possible in an online/distance learning scenario due to the data sizes involved. As part of this paper, we introduce a more capable methodology and system as an alternative to current approaches. EviPlant is a system designed for the efficient creation, manipulation, storage and distribution of challenges for digital forensics education and training. The system relies on the initial distribution of base disk images, i.e., images containing solely base operating systems. In order to create challenges for students, educators can boot the base system, emulate the desired activity and perform a diffing of resultant image and the base image. This diffing process extracts the modified artefacts and associated metadata and stores them in an "evidence package". Evidence packages can be created for different personae, different wear-and-tear, different emulated crimes, etc., and multiple evidence packages can be distributed to students and integrated into the base images. A number of additional applications in digital forensic challenge creation for tool testing and validation, proficiency testing, and malware analysis are also discussed as a result of using EviPlant.
Accelerating computational modeling and design of high-entropy alloys

With huge design spaces for unique chemical and mechanical properties, we remove a roadblock to computational design of {high-entropy alloys} using a metaheuristic hybrid Cuckoo Search (CS) for "on-the-fly" construction of Super-Cell Random APproximates (SCRAPs) having targeted atomic site and pair probabilities on arbitrary crystal lattices. Our hybrid-CS schema overcomes large, discrete combinatorial optimization by ultrafast global solutions that scale linearly in system size and strongly in parallel, e.g. a 4-element, 128-atom model [a $10^{73+}$ space] is found in seconds -- a reduction of 13,000+ over current strategies. With model-generation eliminated as a bottleneck, computational alloy design can be performed that is currently impossible or impractical. We showcase the method for real alloys with varying short-range order. Being problem-agnostic, our hybrid-CS schema offers numerous applications in diverse fields.
469. LONG-TERM QUALITY OF LIFE FOLLOWING ESOPHAGECTOMY FOR CANCER: RESULTS FROM A PILOT STUDY UTILIZING NOVEL TECHNOLOGY FOR PATIENT-REPORTED OUTCOMES

Abstract                                   Background                   The physiological impact of an esophagectomy has long-term ramifications upon patient’s health-related quality of life (HR-QOL) and psychosocial functioning. Capturing long-term QoL can identify patients who may benefit from rehabilitative interventions to mitigate the lasting symptoms following esophagectomy. We sought to develop and pilot a remote method of digitally capturing QoL up to 10 years following esophagectomy. The aim of this study is to determine post-esophagectomy QoL ≥ 5 years, as part of this pilot.                                                   Methods                   A novel software to remotely capture QoL was piloted in November 2022, utilising electronic forms on digital devices including tablets to record data. Patients were contacted by a dedicated data manager to complete HR-QOL questionnaires (European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaires C30 and OG25 modules). This was completed either at the time of routine outpatient visits or remotely by patients, assessing HR-QOL up to 10 years post-esophagectomy. Linear mixed models were constructed to assess the mean score difference among patients at 5 years and beyond, post-esophagectomy.                                                   Results                   Of 220 eligible patients completing the HR-QOL questionnaires, 8 patients (10.9%) were 5 years on following an esophagectomy. Physical and emotional functioning remained adversely impacted at 5 years post-esophagectomy with lower overall scores across these domains. Symptoms including pain, heartburn and bilious reflux persisted at 5 years post-esophagectomy. Patients engaged with the novel software utilised to capture HR-QOL with 100% of those approached completing questionnaires.                                                   Discussion                   Functioning and symptoms adversely affecting HR-QOL persist into survivorship following esophagectomy. Given the clinically relevant deterioration in the longer term, there is a need to develop post-treatment rehabilitation interventions that can be embedded as part of peri-operative patient optimisation and recovery.