ethicalabs/Research-Intent-Collab huggingface dataset:
Validación y pruebas en la migración de arquitecturas de una aplicación PIM (Product Information Management)

[ES] El presente trabajo se llevó a cabo en el marco de unas prácticas en la empresa SalesLayer, donde se desarrolló un proyecto centrado en la estandarización y optimización de la creación de casos de prueba para diversas arquitecturas. El objetivo principal fue reducir el riesgo de errores al realizar la transición de una aplicación existente a una nueva arquitectura de software. En la arquitectura actual, el trabajo se centró en el desarrollo de utilidades para abordar de manera sistemática los desafíos asociados al código altamente acoplado. Para la nueva arquitectura, se optó por seguir un enfoque BDD (Behavior-Driven Development) utilizando SpecFlow y se llevaron a cabo pruebas para la nueva API mediante Postman. La metodología de validación se basó en una estrategia de pruebas previamente definida para el departamento. Se evaluó el costo-beneficio de diferentes tipos de pruebas: unitarias, de integración, end-to-end, de rendimiento, etc., y se determinó el grado de automatización en ambas arquitecturas. Se identificaron los tipos de pruebas más relevantes para cada caso y se especificaron los pasos a seguir en la metodología para llevar a cabo dichas pruebas. Este proyecto resultó fundamental para establecer un enfoque estructurado y eficiente en la creación y validación de casos de prueba, garantizando una transición exitosa hacia la nueva arquitectura de software.
Impact of palliative home care support on the quality and costs of care at the end of life: a population-level matched cohort study

Objectives                     To evaluate the impact of palliative home care support on the quality of care and costs in the last 14 days of life.                                                           Design                     Matched cohort study using linked administrative databases.                                                           Setting                     All people who died in Belgium in 2012 (n=107 847).                                                           Participants                     8837 people who received palliative home care support in the last 720 to 15 days of life matched 1:1 by propensity score to 8837 people who received usual care.                                                           Intervention                     Receiving the allowance for palliative home patients, multidisciplinary palliative home care team visit or palliative nurse or physiotherapist visit at home.                                                           Main outcome measures                     Home death, number of family physician contacts, number of primary caregiver contacts, hospital death, hospital admission, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, emergency department (ED) admission, diagnostic testing, blood transfusion and surgery. Total inpatient and outpatient costs. All outcomes were measured in the last 14 days of life.                                                           Results                     In the unmatched cohort, 11 149 (13.5%) people received palliative home care support in the last 720 to 15 days of life. After matching, those using palliative home care support had, compared with those who did not, more family physician contacts (mean 3.1 [SD=6.5] vs 0.8 [SD=1.2]), more chance of home death (56.2%vs13.8%; relative risk [RR]=4.08, 95% CI 3.86 to 4.31), lower risk of hospital admission (27.4%vs60.8%; RR=0.45, 95% CI 0.43 to 0.46), ICU admission (18.3%vs40.4%; RR=0.45, 95% CI 0.43 to 0.48) or ED admission (15.2%vs28.1%; RR=0.54, 95% CI 0.51 to 0.57). Mean total costs of care were lower for those using palliative home care support (€3081 [95% CI €3025 to €3136] vs €4698 [95% CI €4610 to €4787]; incremental cost: −€1617 [p&lt;0.001]).                                                           Conclusions                     Palliative home care support use positively impacts quality of care and reduces total costs of care at the end of life in Belgium. Policy makers and healthcare practitioners should increasingly focus on communicating the existing options for palliative home care support to patients and their caregivers.
Analysis of Spectral Measurements in Paddy Field for Predicting Rice Growth and Yield Based on a Simple Crop Simulation Model

Spectral reflectance of differentially-managed rice canopies was measured over an entire growing season and analyzed with special attention to linking remotely sensed information with a simple growth model. The fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (fAPAR), which is often used as a key variable in simple process models, was well correlated writh spectral vegetation indices (VI). VIs, such as NDVI and SAVI, were derived from the ratio of reflectance at two wavelengths (R660 nm and R830 nm) and a new VI, termed the normalized difference ND [R1100 nm, R660 nm], was derived from the difference of Rl 100 nm and R660 nm divided by their sum. These close relations between fAPAR and Vis were expressed by exponential formulae with different parameters for the periods before and after heading. These indices became less sensitive to fAPAR when fAPAR was larger than 0.4. The use of R1100 nm and R1650 nm with R660 nm and R830 nm in multiple regression significantly improved the prediction accuracy of fAPAR. A close linear relation was found between a spectral ratio R830 nm/R550 nm and leaf nitrogen content during the ripening period although it was not the case before heading. Results suggested that R830 nm/R550 nm was effective for estimation of leaf nitrogen content when the paddy field was regarded as a big leaf. The total amount of leaf nitrogen was well correlated with ND [R1100 nm, R660 nm] ; nevertheless, the sensitivity was lost when the total amount of leaf nitrogen was greater than 3 g m−2. Multiple regression analysis showed that a combination of four spectral bands R550 nm, R830 nm, R1650 nm and R2200 nm was useful for estimation of the total amount of leaf nitrogen. Remotely-sensed nitrogen variables would be a potential model parameters in a simple model. A real-time recalibration module based on a simplex algorithm was developed and proved effective in linking the remotely-sensed fAPAR with a simple model. This approach was also useful for inferring the physiological parameters such as radiation use efficiency for each rice canopy without destructive sampling. The re-parameterization and/or re-initialization with remotely-sensed information was demonstrated to be a practical and effective approach, especially for operational purposes.
Integration of Big Data Analytics in Management Information Systems for Business Intelligence

In the era of big data, organizations are increasingly leveraging advanced analytics to extract valuable insights from vast and complex datasets. Management Information Systems (MIS) play a crucial role in collecting, processing, and analyzing data to support decision-making. Integrating big data analytics into MIS can enhance business intelligence and improve organizational performance. This study aims to investigate the integration of big data analytics into MIS and its impact on business intelligence. Specifically, the study seeks to identify the challenges and opportunities associated with this integration and explore best practices for implementation. A qualitative research approach was adopted for this study. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews based on a survey of over 312 information technology (IT) professionals from 21 industries with IT managers and business analysts from January 2022 to December 2023. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data and identify key themes related to integrating big data analytics into MIS. The findings indicate that integrating big data analytics into MIS can significantly improve business intelligence. According to the respondents, on average, there was a 30% increase in the accuracy of decision-making processes after the integration. Additionally, organizations reported a 25% reduction in operational costs and a 20% increase in revenue as a result of the integration. Moreover, 70% of the respondents agreed that integrating big data analytics into MIS improved their organization's overall performance. Integrating big data analytics into MIS offers numerous benefits, including improved decision-making, cost savings, and revenue growth. However, organizations must overcome challenges such as data privacy and security concerns and the need for skilled personnel to manage and analyze big data. Overall, this study highlights the importance of integrating big data analytics into MIS for enhancing business intelligence and achieving organizational success.
The Lateral Trigger Probability function for the Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Ray showers detected by the Pierre Auger Observatory

In this paper we introduce the concept of Lateral Trigger Probability (LTP) function, i.e., the probability for an extensive air shower (EAS) to trigger an individual detector of a ground based array as a function of distance to the shower axis, taking into account energy, mass and direction of the primary cosmic ray. We apply this concept to the surface array of the Pierre Auger Observatory consisting of a 1.5 km spaced grid of about 1600 water Cherenkov stations. Using Monte Carlo simulations of ultra-high energy showers the LTP functions are derived for energies in the range between 10^17 and 10^19 eV and zenith angles up to 65 degs. A parametrization combining a step function with an exponential is found to reproduce them very well in the considered range of energies and zenith angles. The LTP functions can also be obtained from data using events simultaneously observed by the fluorescence and the surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory (hybrid events). We validate the Monte-Carlo results showing how LTP functions from data are in good agreement with simulations.
Judicial Independence in Pakistan Executive Interference, Reforms and Rule of Law

Pakistan's judiciary has operated under persistent executive dominance since independence in 1947, undermining the constitutional guarantee of separation of powers under Article 175 of the 1973 Constitution. This study examines how executive interference has shaped the failure of judicial reform efforts and contributed to rule of law deterioration. Employing qualitative doctrinal and document analysis, the research traces historical patterns from the doctrine of necessity through the 18th and 19th Constitutional Amendments to the transformative 26th and 27th Amendments of 2024 and 2025. Findings reveal that appointment manipulation, constitutional reversals, and formal institutionalization of political control have systematically weakened judicial autonomy. The 26th Amendment reduced judges to a minority within their own appointment body, while the 27th Amendment created an executive-controlled Federal Constitutional Court and granted lifetime military immunity. Pakistan urgently requires a transparent, merit-based appointment system aligned with international standards under the ICCPR and UN Basic Principles on the Independence of the Judiciary
Graph convolutional network as a fast statistical emulator for numerical ice sheet modeling

The Ice-sheet and Sea-level System Model (ISSM) provides numerical solutions for ice sheet dynamics using finite element and fine mesh adaption. However, considering ISSM is compatible only with central processing units (CPUs), it has limitations in economizing computational time to explore the linkage between climate forcings and ice dynamics. Although several deep learning emulators using graphic processing units (GPUs) have been proposed to accelerate ice sheet modeling, most of them rely on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) designed for regular grids. Since they are not appropriate for the irregular meshes of ISSM, we use a graph convolutional network (GCN) to replicate the adapted mesh structures of the ISSM. When applied to transient simulations of the Pine Island Glacier (PIG), Antarctica, the GCN successfully reproduces ice thickness and velocity with a correlation coefficient of approximately 0.997, outperforming non-graph models, including fully convolutional network (FCN) and multi-layer perceptron (MLP). Compared to the fixed-resolution approach of the FCN, the flexible-resolution structure of the GCN accurately captures detailed ice dynamics in fast-ice regions. By leveraging 60-100 times faster computational time of the GPU-based GCN emulator, we efficiently examine the impacts of basal melting rates on the ice sheet dynamics in the PIG.
Effects of the Medicaid expansion under the Affordable Care Act on health insurance coverage, health care access, and use for people with disabilities

People with disabilities have higher health care needs, service utilization, and expenditures. They are also more likely to lack insurance and experience unmet need for medical care. There has been limited research on the effects of the Affordable Care Act Medicaid expansion on people with disabilities.To examine the effects of the Medicaid expansion on health insurance coverage, access, and service use for working-age adults with disabilities.A retrospective study using 11 years (2007-2017) of data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey - Household Components, linked to Area Health Resource Files and Local Area Unemployment Statistics (N = 40,995). Difference-in-differences multinomial logistic and linear probability models with state and year fixed-effects were used to estimate the effects.We found strong evidence of increased Medicaid coverage in expansion states (3.2 to 5.0 percentage points), reasonably strong evidence of reduced private insurance coverage (-2.2 to -2.5 percentage points), and some evidence of reduced uninsured rate (from no effect to -3.7 percentage points). Results suggest that the increase in Medicaid coverage was due at least in part to the "crowd-out" of private insurance in expansion states. No statistically significant effects were detected for access and use outcomes.Findings suggest that state Medicaid expansions led to an increase in Medicaid coverage and a decrease in private insurance coverage as well as the uninsured. However, no evidence was found for health care access and use outcomes. Further research into access and use is needed when more data become available for the post-expansion period.
Modelling water movement in an integrated model of crop water use and land suitability for climate change studies: The ACCESS project

Résumé ; International audience
Your research is public engagement: A case for more intentional science communication in research with human subjects.

This article argues that experimental psychologists who conduct research with human subjects are in fact doing public engagement about the field with their participants whether they are aware of it or not. Researchers are missing opportunities to connect with public audiences by not being aware of and intentional about what their experiments communicate. Borrowing from science communication, the article discusses objectives that can serve as a guide in designing both experiments and debriefings with participant engagement in mind. Articulated as the research as engagement model, the article suggests that our research and broader impact goals can be well-served if we view each study participant not only as a data point but as an opportunity for public engagement. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).
Product Information Managment : Utmaningar och möjligheter vid övergång till ett PIM-system i en verksamhet

Information is something that in society is constantly expanding every day. Too much information can often lead to complex business conditions, especially when it comes to managing product information. The purpose of this study is to find out which challenges and opportunities businesses face when introducing a Product Information Management (PIM) system, a system that the literature say is required in an effort to master complex conditions that often arise in a comprehensive handling of product information. Through a qualitative data collection with an inductive approach, four interviews were conducted with individuals at a company that today has a relatively complex solution for managing product information. The investigation was based on two themes, challenges and opportunities, to find out the informants' views on the introduction of a PIM system in the business. The result showed a relatively united image among the informants on the challenges and opportunities that businesses face when introducing a PIM system. The theoretical areas of this study could then strengthen the result that emerged from empirics and demonstrate that challenges and opportunities were represented by a total of five factors. Challenges consisted of language and change while opportunities consisted of content, central source of information as well as traceability/navigation.
Navigating Creative Expression In The OTT Era: Striking A Balance Between Artistic Freedom And Censorship

Amidst a swiftly changing landscape, Over-the-top platforms have revolutionized India's media andentertainment sphere. As the global approach to content creation, curation, distribution, and consumptionundergoes a paradigmatic shift, the significance of OTT platforms for Indian viewers remains paramount. Theirdistinct value was especially highlighted during the pandemic and has continued to be embraced by audiences.Over-the-top (OTT) platforms are not just reshaping the digital terrain but also revolutionizing Indians' outlookon entertainment. Long-running traditional TV series are being supplanted by shows on platforms like Netflix,and Amazon Prime, signalling a shift in market dynamics from conventional to technological paradigms. In lightof their growing significance and impact on society, concerns related to censorship also arise. Censorship isdeeply rooted in our country’s history.
Deliverable D-JRPFBZ-1-WP5.2. Transmission pathways of Salmonella, Campylobacter, VTEC, and antimicrobial resistance from animals, food, and environment to humans: One-Health characterisation of the source and components and options to inform control policies. Final conclusions and recommendations for the use of source attribution approach into One-health framework for surveillance and control of Salmonella, Campylobacter, VTEC, and antimicrobial resistance

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Parallel Optimization Algorithms for Multi-Body Systems in High Performance Computing and Networking

Abstract                In this paper we present some parallel optimization experiments achieved in ODESIM project, a High Performance Computing and Networking (HPCN) project funded by the European Commission within ESPRIT programme. The project acronym stands for Optimum DESIgn of Multi-Body systems. The project main objective has been the development of a set of software tools for finding optimal designs of MBS for kinematic and dynamic simulation. One part of the work in this project was the definition of parallel optimization algorithms suitable for MBS (Multi-Body Systems) and their implementation in a HPCN framework. In this paper we will present local optimization algorithms as well as some simple global optimization algorithm for MBS simulation.
Quantum topological error correction codes for quantum computation and communication.

The employment of quantum error correction codes (QECCs) within quantum computers potentially offers a reliability improvement for both quantum computation and communications tasks. However, the laws of quantum mechanics prevent us from directly invoking the mature family of classical error correction codes in the quantum domain. In order to circumvent the associated problems, the notion of quantum stabilizer codes (QSCs) was proposed in conjunction with syndrome-based decoding in the quantum regime. However, most of the powerful QSC schemes require long codewords for achieving a high performance, which potentially imposes additional challenges for implementation concerning their implementation, since their decoding may require longer than the quantum circuit's coherence time. Hence at the time of writing, QSCs exhibiting short to moderate codeword lengths are preferable. We commence by describing the pivotal problem encountered by classical error-correction codes, which also emerges when designing the QSCs, namely the intrinsic trade-off between the minimum distance versus coding rate. The complete formulation of this particular trade-off does not exist, but several lower and upper bounds can be found in the literature. It has been shown that a substantial gap can be observed between the upper and lower bound of the minimum distance, given the codeword length and the quantum coding rate. Hence, we propose an appealingly simple and invertible analytical approximation, for characterizing the trade-off between the quantum coding rate and the minimum distance of QSCs as well as their corresponding quantum bit error rate (QBER) performance upper-bound. For example, for a half-rate QSC having a codeword length of n = 128, the minimum distance is bounded by 11 < d < 22, while our approximation yields a minimum distance of d = 17 for the above-mentioned code. Next, we link this parametric study of the minimum distance versus quantum coding rate to the popular QSCs, namely to the family of quantum topological ...
Experimental Real Time Optimization of a Continuous Membrane Separation Plant

Abstract   This paper deals with the optimal operation of a continuously operated laboratory membrane separation plant. The goal is to find an economically optimal regime of operation using the transmembrane pressure (TMP) and the operating temperature as adjustable set-points for the low-level controllers. The main challenge is to identify the optimum in the absence of an accurate process model. We employ an iterative real-time optimization scheme, modifier adaptation with quadratic approximation (MAWQA), to identify the plant optimum in the presence of the plant-model mismatch and measurement noise. Two experiments are performed; one with and one without a productivity constraint. The experimental results show the capabilities of the MAWQA scheme to identify the process optimum in real-world scenarios. The optimum identified by the MAWQA scheme coincides with the optimum of a surrogate model that was built using a larger data set.
Physical particularities of nuclear reactors using heavy moderators of neutrons

In nuclear reactors, thermal neutron spectra are formed using moderators with small atomic weights. For fast reactors, inserting such moderators in the core may create problems since they efficiently decelerate the neutrons. In order to form an intermediate neutron spectrum, it is preferable to employ neutron moderators with sufficiently large atomic weights, using 233U as a fissile nuclide and 232Th and 231Pa as fertile ones. The aim of the work is to investigate the properties of heavy neutron moderators and to assess their advantages. The analysis employs the JENDL-4.0 nuclear data library and the SCALE program package for simulating the variation of fuel composition caused by irradiation in the reactor. The following main results are obtained. By using heavy moderators with small neutron moderation steps, one is able to (1) increase the rate of resonance capture, so that the amount of fertile material in the fuel may be reduced while maintaining the breeding factor of the core; (2) use the vacant space for improving the fuel-element properties by adding inert, strong, and thermally conductive materials and by implementing dispersive fuel elements in which the fissile material is self-replenished and neutron multiplication remains stable during the process of fuel burnup; and (3) employ mixtures of different fertile materials with resonance capture cross sections in order to increase the resonance-lattice density and the probability of resonance neutron capture leading to formation of fissile material. The general conclusion is that, by forming an intermediate neutron spectrum with heavy neutron moderators, one can use the fuel more efficiently and improve nuclear safety.