ethicalabs/Research-Intent-Collab huggingface dataset:
Progress on systems' deployment and data delivery

This report will provide the status of progress in sensors development, integration and deployment.
Achieving Disaster Resilience through the Sri Lankan Early Warning System: Good practises of Disaster Risk Reduction and Management

AbstractA case study report of the good practices of the Sri Lankan Early Warning System (EWS) was prepared for the ANDROID Disaster Resilience Network funded by the EU Lifelong Learning Programme. The objective was to highlight good practices, identify gaps and useful recommendations (within an up-to-date and comprehensive context) to achieve disaster resilient governance. The EWS components; Infrastructure, Risk Knowledge (i.e. Hazard, Vulnerability and Risk Assessment), Preparedness and Early Warning Dissemination, Disaster Response and Coordination were scrutinised. These components were compared against the exemplary structure of a people-centred EWS to assess its efficacy in achieving disaster resilience. Since the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami was the first contemporary large-scale disaster faced by Sri Lanka, it lacked the legislative framework and institutional capacity to respond and only thereafter the integration of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) was observed. The importance of training was demonstrated within risk knowledge, preparedness and early warning dissemination, and disaster response and coordination. Thereby training is considered crucial in achieving a progressive, people-centred EWS. However it can be consolidated through joint resource utilisation (particularly personnel) between organisations and creating a Continuing Professional Development (CPD) certification system. There has been considerable progress in integrating DRR into development at all levels, which is a key measure in achieving disaster resilience. It was notably observed in achieving disaster resilient development, climate change adaptation and DRR was integrated despite a general tendency to be polarised in other areas. Despite some existing projects there is a need for greater government and private sector engagement in ecosystem-based DRR. Finally to achieve a disaster resilient Sri Lankan EWS, risk transfer measures require further evaluation. The emergence of some disaster risk financing and insurance is observed but issues, such as assuring applicability to a local context and scientific, evidence-based underpinning, need to be addressed.
Metallogenic Controls of the Jurassic Arc, Xizang: Insights from Geochemistry, Zircon Chronology, Hf Isotopes, and In Situ Trace Elements

Magma oxidation state and water content are pivotal factors governing porphyry copper mineralization. The Xiongcun deposit, the only super-large porphyry copper deposit (PCD) formed in an oceanic subduction environment in the Gangdese belt, has been the primary focus of prior research, with limited systematic comparisons conducted among Xiongcun, weakly mineralized, and barren igneous rocks across the Jurassic Arc. Furthermore, the interaction between ore-controlling factors and deep-seated magmatic processes remains poorly understood. This study examines Xiongcun volcanic rocks, as well as weakly mineralized and barren volcanic rocks from the Jurassic Arc, with Dazi and Jiamagou samples from the eastern segment of Jurassia Arc (ESJA) and Xiongcun, Chucun, and Qinze samples from the western segment of Jurassia Arc (WSJA). All samples (168.0–184.8 Ma) are predominantly calc-alkaline, which is typical of arc magmas. Zircon Hf isotopic data reveal pronounced E-W variations but minimal N-S differences, dividing the arc into the WSJA and ESJA subzones. The WSJA volcanic rocks exhibit uniform Hf isotopic signatures (εHf(t) = 11.2–16.3) and young crustal model ages (186–500 Ma), whereas the ESJA mantle source region is heterogeneous, reflecting greater retention of ancient crustal material. Compared to the ESJA, new data from WSJA samples display higher zircon Ce4+/Ce3+ ratios (454 vs. 145), lower T(Zr-Ti) values (716 °C vs. 779 °C), and elevated whole-rock Ba/La ratios. These differences suggest that mineralization contrasts between the two segments arise from varying fluid metasomatism in their source regions, leading to divergent magma oxygen fugacity and water content—critical controls on porphyry Cu formation. The WSJA magmas exhibit higher values in both parameters, while the ESJA lacks significant mineralization potential.
Epigenetic regulation of replication origin assembly: A role for histone H1 and chromatin remodeling factors

AbstractDuring early embryonic development in several metazoans, accurate DNA replication is ensured by high number of replication origins. This guarantees rapid genome duplication coordinated with fast cell divisions. In Xenopus laevis embryos this program switches to one with a lower number of origins at a developmental stage known as mid‐blastula transition (MBT) when cell cycle length increases and gene transcription starts. Consistent with this regulation, somatic nuclei replicate poorly when transferred to eggs, suggesting the existence of an epigenetic memory suppressing replication assembly origins at all available sites. Recently, it was shown that histone H1 imposes a non‐permissive chromatin configuration preventing replication origin assembly on somatic nuclei. This somatic state can be erased by SSRP1, a subunit of the FACT complex. Here, we further develop the hypothesis that this novel form of epigenetic memory might impact on different areas of vertebrate biology going from nuclear reprogramming to cancer development.
Integrated Photonic FFT for Optical Convolutions towards Efficient and High-Speed Neural Networks

Revisions required
Diffuse interstellar bands as probes of small-scale interstellar structure

We present observations which probe the small-scale structure of the interstellar medium using diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs). Towards HD 168075/6 in the Eagle Nebula, significant differences in DIB absorption are found between the two lines of sight, which are separated by 0.25 pc, and λ5797 exhibits a velocity shift. Similar data are presented for four stars in the μ Sgr system. We also present a search for variations in DIB absorption towards κ Vel, where the atomic lines are known to vary on scales of ~10 AU. Observations separated by ~9 yr yielded no evidence for changes in DIB absorption strength over this scale, but do reveal an unusual DIB spectrum.
The particulars of implementation of the community environmental policy regarding ensuring the right to a healthy environment

This research is devoted to the EU judicial system, communicated law and the analysis of national rules and national courts. The paper outlines the aspects and particularities of the international court such as the International Court of Justice, the European Court of Human Rights and other courts, including the adoptions issued by them, the adoption of important legislation in compliance with court decisions. Thus, the primary purpose of this research is the analysis of the criteria for the implementation of the community environmental policy by consecrating the right to a healthy environment.
Air Pollution Monitoring System using Node Mcu and Air Quality Sensors

In today’s world, due to the fast growth in number of motor vehicles and industrial evolution, the environment around us is more polluted. The pollution majorly affects the quality of air and causes the major health issues to living beings. The major reason for atmosphere contamination is due to releasing of harmful gases like carbon di-oxide, carbon monoxide etc. from factories, vehicles and from combustion of fossil fuels. It is necessary to monitor the percentage of pollutant present in the air which will leads to environmental issues. To overcome this, we have designed a tool using IoT technology. The air pollution monitoring tool includes Microcontroller and Sensors that provides the provision to monitor the quality of air by detecting the harmful gases present in the atmosphere. The pollution level can be monitored remotely using PC or smart phones. The data is store in cloud and can be accessed remotely.
Assessing the performance of the existing and proposed network of marine protected areas to conserve marine biodiversity in Chile

The growing concern about the profound influence of human activities on marine ecosystems has been the driving force behind the creation of marine reserves in the last few decades. With almost 4200 km of coastline, Chile has not been the exception to this trend. A set of conservation priority sites has recently been proposed by the Chilean government to expand the current marine reserve network. In this study, we used the most comprehensive information currently available on the distribution of 2513 marine species in Chile to assess the efficiency of the existing system of marine protected areas (MPA) and the conservation priority sites identified by the government. Additionally, we evaluated the vulnerability of the reserve network selected with respect to threatening human activities. Our results show that both the existing protected areas and the proposed priority sites are relatively effective at protecting Chilean marine biodiversity. However, the majority of the species that are not represented within the existing or projected MPA network have very restricted distributions and are, therefore, of high conservation concern. To cover all species requires a network of 35 MPAs (46% of the total number of planning units). Many of the sites identified as irreplaceable present conflict with one or more human activities, particularly in the central region of the country. This study emphasizes the need for a systematic conservation planning approach to maximize the representation of species and prioritize those areas where conflicts between marine biodiversity conservation and human activities may occur.
Patient-reported outcomes predict return to work and health-related quality of life six months after cardiac rehabilitation

Background Multi-component cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is performed to achieve an improved prognosis, superior health-related quality of life (HRQL) and occupational resumption through the management of cardiovascular risk factors, as well as improvement of physical performance and patients’ subjective health. Out of a multitude of variables gathered at CR admission and discharge, we aimed to identify predictors of returning to work (RTW) and HRQL 6 months after CR. Design Prospective observational multi-centre study, enrolment in CR between 05/2017 and 05/2018. Method Besides general data (e.g. age, sex, diagnoses), parameters of risk factor management (e.g. smoking, hypertension), physical performance (e.g. maximum exercise capacity, endurance training load, 6-min walking distance) and patient-reported outcome measures (e.g. depression, anxiety, HRQL, subjective well-being, somatic and mental health, pain, lifestyle change motivation, general self-efficacy, pension desire and self-assessment of the occupational prognosis using several questionnaires) were documented at CR admission and discharge. These variables (at both measurement times and as changes during CR) were analysed using multiple linear regression models regarding their predictive value for RTW status and HRQL (SF-12) six months after CR. Results Out of 1262 patients (54±7 years, 77% men), 864 patients (69%) returned to work. Predictors of failed RTW were primarily the desire to receive pension (OR = 0.33, 95% CI: 0.22–0.50) and negative self-assessed occupational prognosis (OR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.24–0.48) at CR discharge, acute coronary syndrome (OR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.47–0.88) and comorbid heart failure (OR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.30–0.87). High educational level, stress at work and physical and mental HRQL were associated with successful RTW. HRQL was determined predominantly by patient-reported outcome measures (e.g. pension desire, self-assessed health prognosis, anxiety, physical/mental HRQL/health, stress, well-being and self-efficacy) rather than by clinical parameters or physical performance. Conclusion Patient-reported outcome measures predominantly influenced return to work and HRQL in patients with heart disease. Therefore, the multi-component CR approach focussing on psychosocial support is crucial for subjective health prognosis and occupational resumption.
Genomic HLA heterozygosity as a predictive marker for survival in lung cancer patients post immunotherapy

Abstract   Background  We aimed to assess the role of genomic HLA-I/II heterozygosity in the overall survival benefit in patients with unresectable locally advanced, metastatic non-small lung cancer treated by PD1/L1 inhibitors.    Methods  We collected blood from 170 advanced lung cancer patients treated with immunotherapy at two major oncology centres in Western Australia. High quality DNA was extracted from white blood cells and used for HLA-I/II typing. Information of tumour PDL1 status, pre-treatment neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and sex were identified. Each of those variables were correlated independently then in a multivariate analysis with OS. Correlation between HLA heterozygosity and response was assessed using Fisher exact. Patients with reduced or stable disease for 6 or more months were considered as responders.    Results  Our data matured for 146 patients treated with anti-PD1/L1 therapy. We found that heterozygosity at all HLA-I loci had a favorable statistical trend towards better OS(HR = 0.5,P=0.06). However, heterozygosity at all HLA-II loci was not associated with OS(HR = 0.91,P=0.76). While response rate was higher amongst heterozygous patients especially at HLA-I (53.4% vs 45.6%), it was not statistically significant. NLR>5 was associated with statistically significant worse survival (HR = 2.22,P=0.009). This effect was driven by the patients with PDL1≥50% (HR = 3.86, P = 0.01 vs HR = 0.7, P = 0.5 for patients with PDL1      Table . LBA14        Variable  HR(95% CI)  P value      Sex  1.9(1.1-3.5)  0.028    NRLD(≥5vs  7.1(1.8-27.3)  0.004    Homozygosity at ≥ 1 HLA-I  0.3(0.8-0.9)  0.039           Conclusions  Our analysis suggest that OS among advanced lung cancer patients treated with immunotherapy is more likely to be influenced by homozygosity at HLA-I loci. Women with PDL1≥50%, NLR>5 and homozygous at ≥ 1 HLA-I locus possibly carries the worse prognosis when treated with immunotherapy alone and might benefit from treatment escalation.    Editorial acknowledgement  A/Prof Elin Gray, Edith Cowan University, Western Australia.    Legal entity responsible for the study  South Metropolitan Health Service - WA Health.    Funding  Fiona Stanley Hospital (FSH) and Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (SCGH)    Disclosure  All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
Modelling Biomass Projections in Grasslands of Central Spain Under Climate Change Scenarios

Grasslands are vital ice-free ecosystems that provide essential ecosystem services, including carbon sequestration, biodiversity preservation, and pollination. However, these systems face significant threats from rising temperatures and reduced precipitation, necessitating a deeper understanding of their dynamics to inform sustainable management. This study investigates the potential changes in grassland biomass under future climate scenarios, offering insights into long-term trends and adaptive strategies.The study focuses on grasslands in the Community of Madrid, central Spain, covering approximately 41% of the territory. To analyze biomass variations, we established a 5x5 km grid across the region, selecting research areas based on proximity to soil pits and a minimum grassland coverage of 40% per grid cell. Observational climate data (1975&amp;#8211;2021) and future projections (2022&amp;#8211;2100) were used, derived from SSP-2.6, SSP-4.5, SSP-7.0 and SSP-8.5 scenarios based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathways.Biomass calculations are estimated using the SIMPAST model. This model, designed to predict biomass under varying climatic conditions, required inputs such as hydrological balance, solar radiation, and an initial seed count. Vegetation species and biomass measurements are being conducted from September to May 2024&amp;#8211;2025 to refine and evaluate model accuracy and assess water use efficiency across the three study areas.Preliminary results reveal significant spatiotemporal variations in grassland biomass, linked to projected changes in temperature and precipitation patterns. The findings underscore the importance of adaptive management strategies tailored to specific climate scenarios to maintain grassland ecosystem services.Acknowledgements: The authors acknowledge the support of Project &amp;#8220;Garant&amp;#237;a Juvenil&amp;#8221; scholarship from Comunidad de Madrid, as well as Universidad Polit&amp;#233;cnica project Clasificaci&amp;#243;n de Pastizales Mediante M&amp;#233;todos Supervisados - SANTO (project number: RP220220C024).
&lt;b&gt;Artificial Intelligence-based Clinical Decision Support Systems: Enhancing Modern Healthcare for Smart Diagnosis and Prognosis&lt;/b&gt;

The advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is enhancing healthcare by enabling accurate, efficient, and personalized clinical decision-making. Moreover, a smart diagnosis (CAD) system combining machine learning, natural language processing, and data analytics to assist doctors in finding the right recommendations is key. These devices process a large volume of both structured and unstructured data, such as computerized medical records, medical imaging, and genomics, to derive evidence-based recommendations and predictive insights. Hence, combining various data sources with AI systems accelerates the diagnostic process and enables the detection of intricate patterns that may elude human doctors, resulting in fast and more reliable medical decisions. This paper introduces the structure, capabilities, and role in clinical practice of AI and radiology. The fusion of the algorithms with cutting-edge imaging techniques enhances the early detection of diseases, supports tailored treatment options, and enables precise treatments. In particular, AI-Clinical Decision Support Systems allow for accurate analysis of images and minimize differences in interpretations between radiologists, a problem that has long existed in the field of radiology. Additionally, it also emphasizes their role in improving diagnoses and patient safety. Notably, AI-powered clinical decision support systems (AI-CDSS) have significant potential to reduce errors in diagnosis, as evidenced in numerous clinical contexts. Equally important, their flexibility in high-resource clinical environments as well as low-resource environments emphasizes their universal relevance and innovative potential. Beyond these benefits, this review further addresses the ethical, legal, and practical issues that these challenges raise, such as equal access, automatic discrimination, and medical responsibility. Moreover, other vital key points taken into consideration include protecting patient privacy, making sure AI decision-making processes are clear and understandable, and implementing policies that encourage innovation while maintaining integrity. Hence, leveraging AI-based clinical decision support systems (AI-CDSS) responsibly and effectively can transform healthcare, thereby leading to greater diagnostic accuracy and improved patient-specific outcomes.
Genome-Scale Brain Metabolic Networks as Scaffolds for the Systems Biology of Neurodegenerative Diseases: Mapping Metabolic Alterations

Systems-based investigation of diseases requires integrated analysis of cellular networks and high-throughput data of gene products. The use of genome-scale metabolic networks for such integration has led to the elucidation of cellular mechanisms for several cell types from microorganisms to plants. It has become easier and cheaper to generate high-throughput data over years in the form of transcriptome, proteome and metabolome. This has tremendously improved the quality and quantity of information extracted from such data enabling the documentation of active pathways and reactions in cell metabolism. A number of omics-based datasets for several neurodegenerative diseases are now available in public repositories. This increases the potential of using genome-scale brain metabolic networks as a scaffold for this type of data to map metabolic alterations for the purpose of elucidating disease mechanisms and for the diagnosis and treatment of such disorders. This chapter first reviews omics data collected for neurodegenerative diseases to map their effect on metabolism. Later, the potential for genome-scale metabolic modeling of such data is reviewed and discussed in light of recently reconstructed brain metabolic networks at genome-scale.
Additive manufacturing: modular platform for 3D printing fluid-containing monoliths

Fluid-filled capsules and liquidous polymers are combined to produce 3D printable inks, enabling printing of fluid-containing monoliths with porous and nonporous microstructures.
Personality Trait Inferences About Organizations: Development of a Measure and Assessment of Construct Validity.

The authors conducted 4 studies to construct a multidimensional measure of perceptions of organization personality. Results of the first 2 studies suggest that (a) 5 broad factors are sufficient to capture the structure of organization personality perceptions, (b) real-world organizations differ on personality profiles, and (c) personality trait inferences are related to organizational attraction. Results of a 3rd study suggest that personality trait inferences assessed in 1 sample are related lo ratings of organizational attractiveness by a 2nd sample. Finally, results of a 4th study suggest that the measure is sensitive to experimental manipulations of organizational descriptions. Implications and suggestions for the use of this measure in future research are discussed.
Beyond Band Insulators: Topology of Semi-metals and Interacting Phases

The theory of topological insulators and superconductors has mostly focused on non-interacting and gapped systems. This review article discusses topological phases that are either gapless or interacting. We discuss recent progress in identifying gapless systems with stable topological properties (such as novel surface states), using Weyl semimetals as an illustration. We then review recent progress in describing topological phases of interacting gapped systems. We explain how new types of edge states can be stabilized by interactions and symmetry, even though the bulk has only conventional excitations and no topological order of the kind associated with Fractional Quantum Hall states.