ethicalabs/Research-Intent-Collab huggingface dataset:
Talking science: Women scientists’ engagement in spoken public science communication online

We use survey data from women scientists in biology and health sciences to explore digital spoken genres of public science communication and the use of digital tools and resources to produce them. Our results show that more than half of the respondents engage in digital spoken practices that promote scientific culture on digital media. Notably, the type of research methodology used by the respondents influences their level of engagement in these practices, with those using quantitative methodologies showing the lowest level of engagement. Both traditional digital tools (content, audio, and video editing tools) and new generation digital tools (open multimedia resources, AI) are not yet widely used, despite their potential for crafting persuasive texts for science outreach. We found significant statistical associations between the use of digital tools and the importance that the respondents and their professional contexts attribute to specific digital spoken genres. In light of these findings, we argue for greater recognition of digital public science communication practices at the policy level. We also recommend implementing collaborative, multimodal composition tasks as a pedagogical approach to help scientists develop oral and digital communication skills for effective online science communication.
Conventional Quantum Chemical Correlation Energy versus Density-Functional Correlation Energy

We analyze the difference between the correlation energy as defined within the conventional quantum chemistry framework and its namesake in density-functional theory. Both quantities are rigorously defined concepts; one finds that $E_c^{QC} \geq E_c^{DFT}$. We give numerical and analytical arguments suggesting that the numerical difference between the two rigorous quantities is small. Finally, approximate density functional correlation energies resulting from some popular correlation energy functionals are compared with the conventional quantum chemistry values.
Epigenetic Regulation of Genomic Imprinting and Higher Order Chromatin Conformation

The genetic information encoded by the DNA sequence, can be expressed in different ways. Genomic imprinting is an epigenetic phenomenon that results in monoallelic expression of imprinted genes in a parent of origin-dependent manner. Imprinted genes are frequently found in clusters and can share common regulatory elements. Most of the imprinted genes are regulated by Imprinting Control Regions (ICRs). H19/Igf2 region is a well known imprinted cluster, which is regulated by insulator function of ICR located upstream of the H19 gene. It has been proposed that the epigenetic control of the insulator function of H19 ICR involves organization of higher order chromatin interactions. In this study we have investigated the role of post-translational modification in regulating insulator protein CTCF (CCCTC-binding factor). The results indicated novel links between poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation and CTCF, which are essential for regulating insulators function. We also studied the higher order chromatin conformation of Igf2/H19 region. The results indicated there are different chromatin structures on the parental alleles. We identified CTCF-dependent loop on the maternal allele which is different from the paternal chromatin and is essential for proper imprinting of Igf2 and H19 genes. The interaction of H19 ICR with Differentially Methylated Regions (DMRs) of Igf2 in a parent-specific manner maintains differential epigenetic marks on maternal and paternal alleles. The results indicate that CTCF occupies specific sites on highly condensed mitotic chromosomes. CTCF-dependent long-range key interaction on the maternal allele is maintained during mitosis, suggesting the possible epigenetic memory of dividing cells. In this study, we developed a new method called Circular Chromosome Conformation Capture (4C) to screen genome-wide interactions with H19 ICR. The results indicated there are wide intra- and inter-chromosomal interactions which are mostly dependent on CTCF-binding site at H19 ICR. These observations suggest new aspects of epigenetic regulation of the H19/Igf2 imprinted region and higher order chromatin structure.
Geometric Intersection Invariants for Quantum Error Correction Stacks A Computational Approach to Arithmetic Duality

Inspired by the Gross--Zagier formula and Ryan Chen's work on arithmetic cycles in Shimura varieties, this paper introduces the concept of \textbf{geometric intersection invariants} for composite quantum systems. We define a quantitative measure of how modifications in one component impact the global stability of the entire stack. Using the GeoUnify platform, we demonstrate that these invariants can be computed numerically with 99.9999\% precision and present evidence that they satisfy relations analogous to derivatives of L-functions. This work establishes a bridge between arithmetic geometry and quantum systems engineering, opening new avenues for designing robust architectures.
Balancing Intellectual Property Rights and Human Rights to Health: A Critical Analysis if Access to Essential Medicine

Abstract:   This research paper undertakes a critical analysis of the intricate interplay between intellectual property rights (IPR) and human rights to health, particularly concerning access to essential medicines. The pharmaceutical industry's innovation ecosystem, driven by robust intellectual property protection, has yielded groundbreaking medical advancements. However, this same framework has led to concerns regarding affordability, availability, and equitable access to life-saving medications, especially for vulnerable populations and developing countries.  The objectives of this study are twofold. Firstly, it aims to assess the impact of intellectual property regimes on access to essential medicines, analyzing pricing mechanisms, patent barriers, and market dynamics. Secondly, it delves into the legal frameworks and policy initiatives governing IPR and human rights at national, regional, and international levels, examining the tensions and synergies between these domains.  Through a multidisciplinary approach encompassing legal analysis, case studies, and ethical considerations, this paper uncovers the complexities and challenges inherent in balancing IPR and human rights to health. It explores innovative strategies and policy recommendations aimed at reconciling commercial incentives with public health imperatives, ensuring that intellectual property frameworks promote innovation while safeguarding universal access to essential medicines as a fundamental human right. By offering a critical lens on this crucial intersection, this research contributes to ongoing discussions on global health equity, highlighting the need for collaborative efforts among governments, industry stakeholders, and civil society to achieve a harmonious balance between intellectual property rights and human rights to health.
INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT OF NATURAL ECOSYSTEMS IS THE BASIS FOR THE CONSERVATION AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF BIODIVERSITY AND THE EFFECTIVE USE OF LAND RESOURCES IN ARMENIA

Список литературы: 1. Айрапетян Э.М., Галстян М.А., Арутюнян С.С., Тимоян С.Дж. Влияние совместно-го применения природных мелиорантов и органических удобрений на урожайность сель-скохозяйственных культур и накопление тяжелых металлов в растениях и техногенно за-грязненных почвах. "Экологические проблемы сельского хозяйства" Е., 2008, С. 47-61. 2. Бойнагрян В.Р., Гюрджян Ю.Г. Николаева И.Н., Степанян В.Э., Ядоян Р.Б. Геоло-гическая оценка территории Дилижанского национального парка в аспекте разработки мер по защите экосистемы и объектов туризма от опасных природных процессов. – «Вестник» МАНЭБ, №48(2), С-П, 2006, С. 74-79 3. Бишарян Р. Богатый год: три новые охраняемые территории флоры и фауны. "Го-лос Армении", Е., 8.12.2009. 4. Бишарян Р. Два миллиарда 376 миллионов драмов на охрану природы. "Голос Армении", Е., 23. 11. 2004. 5. Галстян М.А., Вермикультуры – элемент биоорганического земледелия. Материа-лы ХІV Международного симпозиума "Нетрадиционное растениеводство, экология. Эколо-гия, здоровье", Симферополь, 2005, С. 364-368. 6. Григорян К.В., Погосян В.Р. Поступление тяжелых металлов с растения при их повышенном содержании в почве. Материалы Международной конференции "Проблемы сельского хозяйства и экологии Закавказского региона". Е., 2001, С. 174-178. 7. Зулифян Р.Б. Бедные реки. "Новое время" Е., 10.11.2008. 8. Основы законодательства РА "Об охране природы". Е., 1991, 237с. 9. Петросов И.Х., Джрбашян Р.Т., Мнацаканян А.Х. Главнейшие месторождения цео-литов в Армении. ИГН НАН РА, Е., 1999, С.113-147. 10. Савадян А., Заповедники Армении. – Природа Кавказа №3(4)., Тб., 2003, С.64-71. 11. Степанян В.Э., Авакян А.А., Галстян М.А., Овакимян С.Б. Социально-экономические и экологические риски, вызванные затоплением территорий речных бассей-нов, связанных с негативным изменением региональных гидрометеорологических условий Армении. Болгария, Варна, 2011, Вестник, С. 27-39.
Patients' fear of genetic discrimination by health insurers: the impact of legal protections

The impact of laws restricting health insurers' use of genetic information has been assessed from two main vantage points: (1) whether they reduce the extent of genetic discrimination and (2) whether they reduce the fear of discrimination and the resulting deterrence to undergo genetic testing. A previous report from this study concluded that there are almost no well-documented cases of health insurers either asking for or using presymptomatic genetic test results in their underwriting decisions, either before or after these laws, or in states with or without these laws. This report evaluates the perceptions and the resulting behavior by patients and clinicians.A comparative case study analysis was performed in seven states with different laws respecting health insurers' use of genetic information (no law, new prohibition, mature prohibition). Semistructured interviews were conducted in person with five patient advocates and with 30 experienced genetic counselors or medical geneticists, most of whom deal with adult-onset disorders. Also, multiple informed consent forms and patient information brochures were collected and analyzed using qualitative methods.Patients' and clinicians' fear of genetic discrimination greatly exceeds reality, at least for health insurance. It is uncertain how much this fear actually deters genetic testing. The greatest deterrence is to those who do not want to submit the costs of testing for reimbursement and who cannot afford to pay for testing. There appears to be little deterrence for tests that are more easily affordable or when the need for the information is much greater. Fear of discrimination plays virtually no role in testing decisions in pediatric or prenatal situations, but is significant for adult-onset genetic conditions.Existing laws have not greatly reduced the fear of discrimination. This may be due, in part, to clinicians' lack of confidence that these laws can prevent discrimination until there are test cases of actual enforcement. Ironically, there may be so little actual discrimination that it may not be possible to initiate good test cases.
Synthesis, structure and electrochemistry of Ag-modified LiMn2O4 cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries

Abstract   Spinel lithium manganese oxide was prepared by sol–gel method and a series of Ag/LiMn2O4 composites with different Ag additive contents were prepared by thermal decomposition of AgNO3 added to the pure LiMn2O4 powders. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive analysis of X-ray (EDAX) and various electrochemical measurement methods were used to examine the structural and electrochemical characteristics of the Ag/LiMn2O4 composite powders. Phase analysis showed that Ag particles were dispersed on the surface of LiMn2O4 instead of entering the spinel structure. According to the electrochemical tests results, it is clearly to see that Ag additives efficiently improved the cycling stability, reversibility and high-rate discharge capacity of pristine LiMn2O4 by increasing the electrical conductivity between LiMn2O4 particles, decreasing the polarization of cathode and reducing the dissolution of Mn. Meanwhile the influence of the Ag additive contents on the electrochemical properties of the Ag/LiMn2O4 composites is also investigated in detail.
Integrating Information Governance as the Foundation for Information Dashboard Design Ontology

Aim/Purpose: This paper addresses the lack of a standardized approach to information dashboard design and the absence of integrated Information Governance (IG) principles in this context.  Background: This study addresses the critical role of IG principles in ensuring dashboards are reliable, secure, and effective. By integrating IG principles into the work-in-progress Information Dashboard Design Ontology (IDDO), the study aims to enhance the systematic development of dashboards, addressing real-world issues such as data governance failures in Healthcare.gov, security breaches in CRM systems and risk reporting gaps in the JPMorgan Chase “London Whale” incident.  Methodology: A narrative literature review (NLR) method was employed to synthesize insights from three established IG models and prior studies. NLR was chosen for its flexibility in exploring emerging topics, such as the integration of IG with dashboard design, where existing literature is scarce. The study acknowledges the limitations of NLR, including potential selection bias, while emphasizing its value in identifying foundational insights and aligning IG principles with dashboard design needs.  Contribution: This study bridges the gap between IG and information dashboard design by proposing eight relevant IG principles for integration into the work-in-progress IDDO, providing a novel framework for governance-driven dashboard design.  Findings: The study derived eight IG principles aligned with common design principles: Quality, Security, Compliance, Integrity, Availability, Transparency, Accountability, and Effectiveness.  Recommendations for Practitioners: Practitioners should incorporate these IG principles into their dashboard design processes to enhance data quality, compliance, user trust, and decision-making support.  Recommendation for Researchers: Researchers should explore the practical application of these IG principles across various organizational contexts and assess their impact on dashboard effectiveness and user experience.  Impact on Society: This approach offers a potential solution to data quality, compliance, and user trust issues in enterprise information systems, which could lead to improved organizational decision-making and enhanced end-user experiences.  Future Research: Future studies should focus on the practical integration of the identified IG principles into the IDDO framework, including empirical testing and validation in real-world scenarios.
Transforming the Rule of Law in Environmental and Climate Litigation: Prohibiting the Arbitrary Treatment of Future Generations

AbstractThis article maps the shared legal anatomy of climate and environmental lawsuits, in which plaintiffs claim protection for future generations before domestic or international courts. By closely analyzing the litigation strategies of plaintiffs and the inquiry of courts, the article argues that these proceedings revolve around structurally similar legal standards across domestic and international jurisdictions, which correspond to five normative requirements flowing from the rule of law: namely, respect for human rights, certain quality of law requirements, prohibition of arbitrary exercise of governmental powers, non-discrimination, and access to justice. The cross-jurisdictional analysis shows that courts appear to be increasingly willing to protect future generations against arbitrary treatment by present-day decision makers. The article appraises whether such an intergenerationally sensitive reinterpretation of the rule of law could help to change the short-termist paradigm of environmental and climate law.
Considerations for selecting and implementing comorbidity indices when using secondary data sources: a guide for health researchers

Comorbidity measures, such as the Charlson Comorbidity Index, are commonly used in risk adjustment models to account for variability in disease burden. This narrative synthesis describes and critiques available comorbidity indices and offers implementation guidance to researchers based on a critical review of existing literature. First, common comorbidity measures are described. Instruments derived using case definitions, grouping of International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes, and mapping of dispensed medications to chronic conditions are presented. Comorbidity indices that combine diagnostic and medication data are also introduced. No single option consistently outperforms the rest. Next, important considerations when applying a comorbidity index are described. It is crucial to respect temporality and exclude health events that arise after the study index date. Researchers must also weigh the interpretability of using a weighted sum against the flexibility of using a large set of binary variables. When modelling long-term outcomes, there are benefits to applying a one-year look-back window and augmenting data via linkage. For short-term outcomes, certain chronic conditions may exhibit a protective association; however, not all indices capture these relationships. Implementation of these findings will improve the interpretability of comorbidity measures and the quality of future studies.
Entanglement-Assisted Quantum Error-Correcting Codes

We provide a self-contained introduction for entanglement-assisted quantum error-correcting codes in this book chapter.
Globally sparse and locally dense signal recovery for compressed sensing

zbMATH Open Web Interface contents unavailable due to conflicting licenses.
Stem cell therapy and regenerative medicine in RPE degenerative disease: advances and challenges

Introduction: Retinal degenerative disorders affect patients of all age groups and cause devastating, irreversible vision loss. To date there is no effective treatment capable of restoring retinal ...
Designing architecture of information dashboard system to monitor implementation performance of economic census 2016 in Statistics Indonesia

Sensus Ekonomi 2016 (SE2016-Economy Census 2016) which will be held in 2016 is an important and massive activity. Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS-Statistics Indonesia) taking main responsibility needs to arrange strategic and appropriate actions for the success of the event. One of the actions that can be used to support SE2016 implementation is by providing information about progress of SE2016. Therefore in this paper, it will be presented a design of architecture of information dashboard system used to monitor SE2016 implementation. The result of this research expected can be used by BPS as reference and baseline to develop advanced information dashboard of SE2016 implementation.
Corporate Social Responsibility and Youth. A Proposal for Content Analysis through Sustainability Reports

Este artículo resume un método para analizar la relación de las actividades descritas en una memoria de sostenibilidad, en el marco de la Responsabilidad Social Empresarial (Corporativa), con los intereses observados en un determinado grupo social: la juventud. El objetivo principal del artículo es el de conseguir elaborar un método que permita detectar la correcta relación entre las actividades realizadas y plasmadas en su correspondiente Memoria de sostenibilidad con la verdadera necesidad que se percibe en el grupo destinatario. Este objetivo permite desarrollar y comunicar políticas más afines al interés de los grupos de interés de una determinada organización.
From Humanitarian Intervention to Responsibility to Protect: Making Utopia True?

Abstract                Regulating the use of force has always been a pivotal element of international law, both in practice and in theory. Even in early times it was recognized that peace was the supreme goal mankind longed for, a necessary precondition for progress in civilization. In the absence of an international law order in the modern sense, respect for peace should be obtained by attributing a divine character to it. Human nature is, however, ambiguous and capable of both enlightened aspirations and the most abhorrent deeds. Thus, from earliest history to the present day the temptation for human communities and societies to improve their lot through recourse to war has always been great. At the same time, it is also a human trait to feel compassion for people suffering injustice in other societies — compassion that can mount to anger and outrage and finally to the will to act. All these sentiments, the egoistic and the altruistic ones, can interact and in the end even the intervener himself might not be sure which sentiments were the prevailing ones. International practice and discussion is reflective of this ambivalent situation. Looking back over the last century it has become clear, however, that a broad consensus had emerged according to which peace preservation had to be made paramount, as any ‘just cause’ to break peace was prone to be abused. The United Nations (UN) order, created against the background of a man-made catastrophe of civilization, opened up a completely new chapter in international law and the new order seemed, at first sight, to be perfect. The use — and even the threat — of force was outlawed while the right to self-defence remained in place and a right to intervention by the organized State community was created according to Chapter VII of the UN Charter.
Understanding Perceptions About and the Practice of Integrated Pest Management and Biological Control of the Filth-Breeding Flies by Individuals Involved in the Equine Industry in the United States

Filth-breeding flies pose significant health risks and costs in the equine industry. Although an arsenal of management strategies exists, integrated pest management (IPM) utilizing biological control (BC) offers cost and labor efficient pest control for equine facilities. Yet, little data exists on IPM adoption across the equine industry in the United States. This quantitative study examines the knowledge, perceptions, and adoption of IPM of those involved in the equine industry. Findings reveal knowledge barriers and time constraints as major preventatives. Preferred communication channels for IPM information are also identified. Recommendations are made for further research and practice in IPM and BC within the equine sector.