ethicalabs/Research-Intent-Collab huggingface dataset:
Advancing National Cybersecurity Resilience: Integrating Zero Trust Architecture and Secure Access Service Edge for Protecting Critical Cloud and Network Infrastructure

The increasing sophistication of cyber threats targeting national critical infrastructure underscores the urgent need for a robust, adaptive, and scalable cybersecurity framework. Traditional perimeter-based defenses have proven inadequate in the face of distributed cloud environments, remote work ecosystems, and dynamic data access patterns. This paper proposes an integrated model that combines Zero Trust Architecture (ZTA) and Secure Access Service Edge (SASE) principles to advance national cybersecurity resilience. The integration enables continuous verification, policy-driven access, and cloud-native security enforcement across users, devices, and applications, irrespective of location. Drawing from current implementations in both government and enterprise environments, the study develops a multi-layered National Cybersecurity Resilience Framework (NCRF) that aligns identity-centric control with secure edge networking. The proposed framework enhances trust decentralization, visibility, and adaptive threat response through AI-enabled analytics and unified policy orchestration. Comparative evaluation against standalone ZTA and SASE deployments demonstrates improved agility, reduced attack surfaces, and optimized access latency. The study concludes that a cohesive ZTA–SASE convergence offers a scalable pathway toward securing critical cloud and network infrastructure, providing a blueprint for nations seeking to strengthen digital sovereignty and operational resilience.
The primary prevention of heart disease in women through health behavior change promotion in primary care

To summarize recent evidence-based recommendations for physical activity promotion, dietary improvement, and tobacco cessation from the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) and the Task Force on Community Preventive Services (CTF), and examine their applicability to the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in women through primary care interventions.For the behaviors cited, USPSTF and CTF recommendations and their associated systematic evidence reviews (SERs) were retrieved. Individual articles from the USPSTF healthy diet and physical activity SERs that met our inclusion criteria were systematically examined to determine the applicability of this research to women. We supplemented findings from these sources with comprehensive federal research summaries and SERs from focused searches of systematic review databases relevant to primary CVD prevention in women through healthy behavior change.The USPSTF strongly recommends primary care interventions for tobacco cessation. Strong CTF recommendations for multicomponent systems supports for clinicians, telephone support for quitters, and reduced patient costs for effective cessation therapies guide complementary approaches to assist clinicians. The USPSTF recommends intensive behavioral dietary counseling by specialists for high-risk CVD patients, but found insufficient evidence to recommend for routine healthy diet or physical activity promotion in primary care. The evidence base for these recommendations generally applies to women. Better reporting of gender and minority subgroup outcomes will assist more in-depth understanding of potential differences in either the processes or outcomes of behavior change interventions.Primary care clinicians, including obstetrician-gynecologists, can contribute to preventing CVD in women through implementing credible evidence-based recommendations for clinical interventions in tobacco and healthy diet. Researchers can further our understanding of gender-specific issues in healthy behavior interventions by reporting process and outcome data for gender and minority subgroups.
On Rights-Based Partnerships to Measure Progress in Water and Sanitation

The right to water and sanitation has emerged from the penumbra of associated rights in the past few decades and now plays an important role in international debates. This right has emerged "from below", through the efforts of social movements seeking transformation in the lives of the world's poor, and it has been recognized "from above", with major international actors such as the United Nations, international financial institutions, and even large corporate actors affirming its existence. As the obligations and entitlements inherent in this right are increasingly clarified, the role of interdisciplinary collaboration has never been more important. This short Commentary examines one such collaborative effort, led by the United Nations Joint Monitoring Programme, to devise post-2015 goals, targets, and indicators for water, sanitation, and hygiene. The Commentary calls for renewed partnerships to advance human rights-based policy among advocates, development practitioners, and water and sanitation experts from diverse scientific fields.
Supplementary Table 5 from Genome-wide Profiling of Chromatin Signatures Reveals Epigenetic Regulation of MicroRNA Genes in Colorectal Cancer

Supplementary Table 5 from Genome-wide Profiling of Chromatin Signatures Reveals Epigenetic Regulation of MicroRNA Genes in Colorectal Cancer
Role for Parliament in Independent Judicial Appointments: Insights from the Comptroller and Auditor General

In the UK, there is a debate as to whether Parliament should have a role in judicial appointments similar to the that of the US Senate. The minority in favour of this position argues that it would enhance the democratic legitimacy of the judiciary – who are currently selected by various independent commissions – and refers to the proposed reform’s coherence with the general practice of pre-appointment hearings in the UK (such as for the Chair of the Equality and Human Rights Commission) and other parliamentary systems. However, the majority against this position argues that meaningful input into judicial appointments, by parliamentarians, would necessarily undermine the impartiality of the judiciary and outweigh the benefits of judicial democratisation. This paper seeks to add to the debate by establishing a detailed proposal for a parliamentary confirmation model for nominations to the UKSC and arguing that it would be both consistent with and enhancing to judicial independence. The research compares the constitutional foundations and historical origins of the Comptroller and Auditor General – an independent office co-nominated by the Government and Opposition, but confirmed by Parliament – and the UKSC, plus the American and Canadian Supreme Courts. This paper fundamentally argues three points: that there is a democratic deficit in the UKSC judicial appointment model; that the Comptroller and Auditor General is sufficiently equivalent to the UKSC so that its appointment model could be translated onto judicial appointments; and that said translation would remedy said democratic deficit, without compromising the non-partisanship of the UKSC.
Resilient and sustainable transport networks: A novel decision-making framework for optimized logistics solution

This research presents a novel multi-level decision-making framework for high-speed transportation technologies for industries and small tomedium-sized enterprises. The proposed approach facilitates a stakeholder-centred selection of objectives, indicators, features, and performance criteria on the input side,and key performance indicator selection on the outputside. The framework incorporates new developments in high-speed logistics transportation, such as hyperloop technology. Advanced technologies are included, thus creating an extendedset of KPIs that current frameworks do not support, as they typically only consider existingmodes of transport. The approach utilises the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to the Ideal Solution, which considers a variety of impacts and weight parameters. Ultimately, it aims to bridge the gap between evolving political regulations and industrial adoption within the transport sector.
Beyond Judicial Independence: Rule of Law and Judicial Accountabilities in Assessing Democratic Quality

Judicial independence is traditionally deemed to ensure citizens about the impartiality of adjudication and, by doing so, to guarantee the legitimacy of the authoritative allocation of power that is exercised by a non-elective actor, that is, the judge. However, despite its relevance,         this concept in itself cannot cast a proper light on the dynamics and the logics of action judicial actors follow in prosecuting and adjudicating cases. In this paper, the author retains this judicial accountability, with its multiple dimensions, and argues that this may provide promising         insights on judicial governance and, accordingly, on the type of constitutionalism exhibited by a country or, as proved in the last section of the paper, in a multi-level system of governance, as the EU. The paper associates the reconstruction of judicial governance with the assessment of         democratic quality.
Optimizing Collaborative Filtering Recommender Systems

Collaborative filtering (CF) is the most successful recommendation technique, which has been used in a number of different applications. In traditional CF, the ratings of all items are equally weighted when similarity measure is calculated. But, if the importance of features (or items) is different respectively, feature weighting structure needs to be changed according to the importance of features. This paper presents a GA based feature weighting method. Through this weighting method, we can focus on the good items while removing bad ones or reducing their impacts.
USB: A Unified Semi-supervised Learning Benchmark for Classification

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) improves model generalization by leveraging massive unlabeled data to augment limited labeled samples. However, currently, popular SSL evaluation protocols are often constrained to computer vision (CV) tasks. In addition, previous work typically trains deep neural networks from scratch, which is time-consuming and environmentally unfriendly. To address the above issues, we construct a Unified SSL Benchmark (USB) for classification by selecting 15 diverse, challenging, and comprehensive tasks from CV, natural language processing (NLP), and audio processing (Audio), on which we systematically evaluate the dominant SSL methods, and also open-source a modular and extensible codebase for fair evaluation of these SSL methods. We further provide the pre-trained versions of the state-of-the-art neural models for CV tasks to make the cost affordable for further tuning. USB enables the evaluation of a single SSL algorithm on more tasks from multiple domains but with less cost. Specifically, on a single NVIDIA V100, only 39 GPU days are required to evaluate FixMatch on 15 tasks in USB while 335 GPU days (279 GPU days on 4 CV datasets except for ImageNet) are needed on 5 CV tasks with TorchSSL.
Event-Driven Machine Learning Infrastructure: Performance Benchmarking of Cloud Serverless Functions and Cloud Container- Based Compute

This paper assessed Cloud Container-Based Compute and Cloud Serverless Functions as serverless compute platforms for running event-driven machine learning inference tasks. To mimic real-time event processing scenarios, both platforms were benchmarked under the same settings using a common ML model and a variety of input payload sizes. Measured and examined key performance indicators-including cold start delay, execution time, throughput, and cost- efficiency. The findings showed that Cloud Server less Functions had quicker execution times for smaller payloads and better scalability under high concurrency, whereas Cloud Container-Based Compute had shorter cold start latency across all resource configurations. While Cloud Container-Based Compute grew more affordable for bigger, long- running jobs, cost study showed Cloud Serverless Functions was more affordable for lightweight, short-duration operations. The results underlined the need of choosing compute platforms depending on particular workload needs since they showed important trade-offs between performance and cost. This bench marking study offers valuable insights for architects and developers designing scalable, event-driven ML systems in cloud-native environments.
Genomics Score Based on Genome-Wide Network Analysis for Prediction of Survival in Gastric Cancer: A Novel Prognostic Signature

Gastric cancer (GC) is a product of multiple genetic abnormalities, including genetic and epigenetic modifications. This study aimed to integrate various biomolecules, such as miRNAs, mRNA, and DNA methylation, into a genome-wide network and develop a nomogram for predicting the overall survival (OS) of GC.A total of 329 GC cases, as a training cohort with a random of 150 examples included as a validation cohort, were screened from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. A genome-wide network was constructed based on a combination of univariate Cox regression and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator analyses, and a nomogram was established to predict 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS in the training cohort. The nomogram was then assessed in terms of calibration, discrimination, and clinical usefulness in the validation cohort. Afterward, in order to confirm the superiority of the whole gene network model and further reduce the biomarkers for the improvement of clinical usefulness, we also constructed eight other models according to the different combinations of miRNAs, mRNA, and DNA methylation sites and made corresponding comparisons. Finally, Gene Ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were also performed to describe the function of this genome-wide network.A multivariate analysis revealed a novel prognostic factor, a genomics score (GS) comprising seven miRNAs, eight mRNA, and 19 DNA methylation sites. In the validation cohort, comparing to patients with low GS, high-GS patients (HR, 12.886; P < 0.001) were significantly associated with increased all-cause mortality. Furthermore, after stratification of the TNM stage (I, II, III, and IV), there were significant differences revealed in the survival rates between the high-GS and low-GS groups as well (P < 0.001). The 1-, 3-, and 5-year C-index of whole genomics-based nomogram were 0.868, 0.895, and 0.928, respectively. The other models have comparable or relatively poor comprehensive performance, while they had fewer biomarkers. Besides that, DAVID 6.8 further revealed multiple molecules and pathways related to the genome-wide network, such as cytomembranes, cell cycle, and adipocytokine signaling.We successfully developed a GS based on genome-wide network, which may represent a novel prognostic factor for GC. A combination of GS and TNM staging provides additional precision in stratifying patients with different OS prognoses, constituting a more comprehensive sub-typing system. This could potentially play an important role in future clinical practice.
The energy release and temperature field in the ultracold neutron source of the WWR-M reactor at the Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute

Results of calculations of energy releases and temperature fields in the ultracold neutron source under design at the WWR-M reactor are presented. It is shown that, with the reactor power of 18 MW, the power of energy release in the 40-L volume of the source with superfluid helium will amount to 28.5 W, while 356 W will be released in a liquid-deuterium premoderator. The lead shield between the reactor core and the source reduces the radiative heat release by an order of magnitude. A thermal power of 22 kW is released in it, which is removed by passage of water. The distribution of temperatures in all components of the vacuum structure is presented, and the temperature does not exceed 100°C at full reactor power. The calculations performed make it possible to go to design of the source.
Human rights and criminal law: reference to the ase law of human rights bodies by international criminal tribunals

Il contributo esamina i riferimenti della giurisprudenza penale internazionale alle Corti regionali
Exploring the Relationship between Swift Short Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglows and Their Host Galaxy Properties

Abstract                                        We present a comprehensive compilation of short-duration                     γ                     -ray burst (GRB) afterglows in the X-ray, optical, and radio bands, comprising 111 events with detected afterglows discovered primarily by the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory over 2005–2023. We pair these observations with uniformly modeled host galaxies to understand how broadband afterglow luminosities are influenced by their environmental properties. We compare the X-ray and optical afterglow luminosities at 3 hr with projected physical and host-normalized galactocentric offsets, host stellar mass, star formation rate (SFR), specific SFR, and stellar population age. In the radio band, we explore how these environmental properties may influence afterglow detectability. We find statistical support that X-ray afterglows are brighter in galaxies with younger ages, lower masses, and higher active star formation—trends that also scale with interstellar medium density. While we also visualize these differences for optical afterglows; the only statistically significant trend is that they are brighter in hosts with higher SFR. We further find that X-ray (radio) afterglows are more luminous (more likely to be detected) at low projected offsets. Overall, this indicates that X-ray afterglow luminosity aligns with most expectations among the three bands. We find the afterglow luminosities of three possible merger-driven long GRBs to be unremarkable compared to the traditional short GRB population, strengthening the case that these events arise from mergers. Finally, we find that the estimated on-axis afterglow luminosity of GW170817 is in the faintest ≈30%, aligning with its quiescent, old, and massive host environment.
The Nurturing Food Sovereignty from the Peripheral Side: the Village Law and the Soul of Agriculture in Rural Development in Indonesia

After the enactment of the Village Law, the opportunity for the village as the spearhead of food sovereignty is widely open and the Village Law is considered a soul for village development. Village’s main activities are agriculture, including the management of natural resources with the composition of the area as a place for rural settlements, government services, social services, and economic activities. Most of the population works in the primary sector, which has various challenges to reducing or even eliminating dependence on the global food market. Rural development and the orientation of village agricultural soul so far seem to go hand in hand but tend to be particular. This study aimed to study the primary sector of agriculture and food needs as the main political discourse with the subject of the village. The study was prepared using a qualitative methodology with secondary data and policy analysis. The political economy framework is used to see how far the potential and challenges ahead are toward Indonesia's food sovereignty, amidst the onslaught of neo-liberalism in the global food system. The findings show that Village Law seeks to restore the village's dignity so that it becomes an empowered village faced with the unpreparedness of village capacity.
Substantiation of a synergetic quality management model for new energy vehicles within the TQM, LEAN, and SIX SIGMA paradigms

The article provides a comprehensive theoretical and applied substantiation of a synergetic quality management model for new energy vehicles (NEVs) in the context of rapid technological transformation and intensifying global competition. A paradigm shift is substantiated, moving from traditional reactive end-of-process inspection to a proactive whole-life-cycle management model based on the "Quality by Design" concept. It is proven that in conditions of high technological complexity of intelligent electric transport systems, isolated inspection methods lose their effectiveness, giving way to an integrated "design-manufacturing-service" system. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the conceptualization of an integrated toolkit that combines the philosophy of Total Quality Management (TQM), Lean Production tools, and Six Sigma precision. Two strategic stages of transformation are detailed: at the development stage: the implementation of structured processes (IPD) and preventive modeling tools (DFMEA, CAE), which ensure the elimination of up to 70% of potential defects before the start of mass production. In the manufacturing cycle: a transition to precision management through error-proofing systems, automated intelligent inspection, and end-to-end component traceability based on RFID/QR technologies. Particular attention is paid to the institutional and cultural determinants of the management system's stability. The role of cross-functional collaboration and management leadership is substantiated as a "soft" infrastructure that ensures the removal of information barriers and the formation of a "quality-first" culture. Based on a comparative analysis of traditional and innovative management models, it is proven that digital transformation and the use of Big Data are the only viable ways to achieve target reliability indicators in mass production scales.  The research results form a stable contour of municipal and industrial vitality for the industry, offering enterprises mechanisms for transitioning from a "scale expansion" strategy to a "high-tech competitiveness" strategy in the global market.