ethicalabs/Research-Intent-Collab huggingface dataset:
The Population Synthesis Toolkit (PST) Python library

Stellar population synthesis is a crucial methodology in astrophysics, enabling the interpretation of the integrated light of galaxies and stellar clusters. By combining empirical and/or theoretical libraries of the spectral energy distribution emitted by simple stellar populations (SSPs) with models of the star formation history (SFH) and chemical evolution, population synthesis facilitates the estimation of essential galaxy properties, such as total stellar mass, star formation rate, mass-weighted age and metallicity, etc. The Population Synthesis Toolkit (PST) is a Python library that offers a comprehensive and flexible framework for stellar population synthesis. Its main goal is to compute composite spectra using different galaxy evolution models and SSP libraries with ease and efficiency. It incorporates additional effects, such as cosmic redshift and dust extinction, and it computes several observable quantities derived from the spectra, including broadband photometric fluxes and equivalent widths.
MGMG: Cell Morphology-Guided Molecule Generation for Drug Discovery

Abstract                 Designing novel molecules with desired bioactivity remains a fundamental challenge in drug discovery. Most molecular design methods follow target-based drug discovery paradigms that rely on well-defined drug targets, thereby limiting their applicability to diseases lacking known targets or reference compounds. Here we introduce Morphology-Guided Molecule Generation (MGMG), a phenotypic drug discovery–oriented approach that integrates cellular morphological profiles from compound treatments with molecular textual descriptions without requiring molecular target information. Cell morphology offers the guidance on desired bioactivity-relevant phenotypic effects, while textual descriptions provide direct and interpretable cues about molecular structure. Leveraging complementary structural and bioactivity context, MGMG significantly enhances molecule generation performance, especially in scenarios where textual descriptions are under-informative or morphological signals are weak. MGMG can also be applied to genetic perturbations, enabling activator design from gene overexpression morphology without requiring knowledge of reference compound structure. In addition, in silico docking demonstrates that MGMG-generated molecules, despite lacking target information, exhibit binding affinities comparable to reference compounds, preserving key interactions while introducing structural diversity. Overall, MGMG jointly utilizes morphological and textual description inputs to guide molecule generation, enabling diverse, bioactivity-aware compound design in a target-agnostic fashion.
Generative Dataset Distillation Based on Diffusion Model

This paper presents our method for the generative track of The First Dataset Distillation Challenge at ECCV 2024. Since the diffusion model has become the mainstay of generative models because of its high-quality generative effects, we focus on distillation methods based on the diffusion model. Considering that the track can only generate a fixed number of images in 10 minutes using a generative model for CIFAR-100 and Tiny-ImageNet datasets, we need to use a generative model that can generate images at high speed. In this study, we proposed a novel generative dataset distillation method based on Stable Diffusion. Specifically, we use the SDXL-Turbo model which can generate images at high speed and quality. Compared to other diffusion models that can only generate images per class (IPC) = 1, our method can achieve an IPC = 10 for Tiny-ImageNet and an IPC = 20 for CIFAR-100, respectively. Additionally, to generate high-quality distilled datasets for CIFAR-100 and Tiny-ImageNet, we use the class information as text prompts and post data augmentation for the SDXL-Turbo model. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed method, and we achieved third place in the generative track of the ECCV 2024 DD Challenge. Codes are available at https://github.com/Guang000/BANKO.
Mimicking dark matter and dark energy in a mimetic model compatible with GW170817

The recent observation of the the gravitational wave event GW170817 and of its electromagnetic counterpart GRB170817A, from a binary neutron star merger, has established that the speed of gravitational waves deviates from the speed of light by less than one part in $10^{15}$. As a consequence, many extensions of General Relativity are inevitably ruled out. Among these we find the most relevant sectors of Horndeski gravity. In its original formulation, mimetic gravity is able to mimic cosmological dark matter, has tensorial perturbations that travel exactly at the speed of light but has vanishing scalar perturbations and this fact persists if we combine mimetic with Horndeski gravity. In this work, we show that implementing the mimetic gravity action with higher-order terms that break the Horndeski structure yields a cosmological model that satisfies the constraint on the speed of gravitational waves and mimics both dark energy and dark matter with a non-vanishing speed of sound. In this way, we are able to reproduce the $Λ$CDM cosmological model without introducing particle cold dark matter.
Litigating Right to Healthy Environment in Nigeria: An Examination of the Impacts of the Fundamental Rights (Enforcement Procedure) Rules 2009, in Ensuring Access to Justice for Victims of Environmental Degradation

Nigeria like most other African countries is presently experiencing severe environmental degradation and uncontrolled depletion of its natural resources. Such degradation has had adverse consequences on the health and well-being of Nigerian citizens including their enjoyment of the right to a healthy environment. The degrading state of Nigeria’s environment is not due to lack of regulatory frameworks but as a result of lack of political will to enforce environmental regulations in Nigeria. Hence, in most instances of environmental degradation, the only option left to victims is to petition the court for appropriate relief. However, this route is fraught with many procedural injustices that have contrived in denying access to justice for many victims of environmental degradation. It is in the light of this that the adoption of the Fundamental Rights (Enforcement Procedure) Rules 2009, which provide rules of procedure for the enforcement of fundamental rights in Nigeria, is germane to victims of environmental degradation. This article examines the impacts of the Rules in ensuring access to justice for victims of environmental degradation in Nigeria.
Permodelan Data Warehouse Untuk Penjualan Ban Menggunakan Online Analytical Processing (OLAP)

Data warehouse akan memungkinkan integrasi data dari berbagai macam aplikasi atau sistem yang dapat menjamin akses yang lebih cepat bagi manajemen untuk memperoleh informasi dan menganalisanya sebagai bahan informasi. Penggunaan Teknologi OLAP dapat memudahkan para stakeholder dalam mengambil keputusan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah merancang data warehouse untuk transaksi penjualan agar mendukung proses analisa bagi para pihak eksekutif dalam pengambilan keputusan. Data warehouse Penjualan dirancangan dengan menggunakan Nine Step Methodology data warehouse sehingga menghasilkan desain data warehouse yang lebih baik dengan menggunakan permodelan star schema, sehingga proses OLAP untuk information delivery data penjualan menampilkan grafik penjualan secara cepat.
Trace-element geochemistry, isotopic and geochronological results from the Ridge Zone at the Burgundy Cu-Au Alkalic Porphyry Prospect, Golden Triangle, Northwestern British Columbia, Canada

Critical raw materials (CRM) are key in the transition to green economies. Therefore, emphasis has been placed on the research of geologic deposits hosting economically significant amounts of CRM, such as alkalic porphyry deposits. As such, elucidating the characteristics of known alkalic porphyry deposits will aid in prospecting for this potentially CRM-rich deposit type. The Burgundy prospect is a silica-undersaturated Cu-Au alkalic porphyry prospect located on the Enduro Metals’ Newmont Lake property in the Golden Triangle of British Columbia. In situ LA-ICP-MS trace-element mapping and sulfur isotope analyses of pyrite and chalcopyrite, along with in situ LA-ICP-MS Rb-Sr geochronology of biotite, provide a better understanding of the mineral paragenesis of mineralization at this poorly characterized prospect. Map results demonstrate that grain boundaries and fractures are enriched in trace-elements, indicating that Au, Ag, and CRM concentrations were upgraded by overprinting hydrothermal fluids. Sulfur isotope analyses of pyrite yield depleted rims (i.e., -6.2 ± 2.8‰; n = 62) and slightly more enriched cores (i.e., -4.2 ± 2.0‰; n = 34). Chalcopyrite grains yield marginally more enriched δ³⁴S values than pyrite (i.e., -3.9 ± 2.8‰; n = 169/172), but with no systematic rim and core zonation. Overall, the negative δ³⁴S values are indicative of sulfide mineralization from oxidized fluids. Results from Rb-Sr geochronology of biotite interpreted to be cogenetic with pyrite and chalcopyrite yield isochron dates ranging between 220.1 ± 1.2 and 196.6 ± 4.6 Ma. The youngest dates (197.8 ± 1.0 Ma and 196.6 ± 4.6 Ma) are interpreted to reflect late fluid alteration due to the chloritization of biotite in these samples. The remaining dates (220.1 ± 1.2 and 204.9 ± 1.2) are considered to record the timing of mineralization for the Burgundy prospect. The results from this study indicate that mineralization in the Burgundy prospect occurred during infiltration of late, oxidized low-temperature hydrothermal-magmatic fluids between 220 to 205 Ma. The timing and sulfur isotope results are broadly similar to those of the nearby Galore Creek deposit and highlight the potential for discovering other alkalic porphyries in the Golden Triangle.
The flux of long-period comets and the initial orbital distribution of the Oort cloud

Several simulations have been performed on the evolution of the Oort cloud of comets over the age of the solar system using 10 different stellar encounter sequences. An innermost part of the cloud was also introduced (semimajor axes between 1,100 and 3,000 au). Attention is focused on the observable comets, i.e., comets passing at less than 5 au from the Sun, the end of the integrations representing the present time. We apply fading laws to returning comets when comparing with observations, and we use a final period of 30 million years for the numerical experiments on the flux of passing stars. These simulations allow us to place constraints on the initial and/or present Oort cloud distribution of orbital energy, and, possibly, on the ecliptic inclination distribution of the cloud. Moreover, we may highlight the dependence of the observable Oort spike and the present Oort cloud on the stellar sequence. Indeed, some preliminary results have shown that the energy distribution of the final Oort cloud is critically dependent on the few strongest stellar encounters that obviously differ from one sequence to another. One of our main goals is to evaluate, what is the most concentrated initial Oort cloud allowing to obtain an observable Oort spike consistent with the observations (the total initial mass of the cloud being the same).
The effectiveness of alternative methods of commercial dispute resolution: a comparative analysis of arbitration and mediation

Alternative dispute resolution (settlement) methods, including any kind of out-of-court dispute resolution, are gaining popularity in the Republic of Uzbekistan. This article discusses the general concept of alternative dispute resolution methods, their effectiveness, and distinctive features. The article is also devoted to comparing alternative dispute resolution methods such as mediation and arbitration. This analysis revealed the similarities and differences between the two procedures.
The Precautionary Principle and the Uncertainty Paradox

In this article, it is argued that uncertainty and risk are intermingled and that this has severe consequences for risk regulation. First, uncertainty and risk are considered in the context of the precautionary principle from a theoretical point of view. On the basis of an interdisciplinary reflection, it is concluded that a paradox can be observed. Subsequently it will be investigated how this so-called uncertainty paradox works out in practice. This will be done by analysis of the Pfizer case, situated at the EU level. In this case, that related to the use of antibiotics as a growth promoter in the production of meat, the precautionary principle was used as policy and legal principle. The analysis will detail the regulatory complexities that result from the contradictions in precautionary thinking. In conclusion suggestions will be advanced for regulatory reform in the broader sense, including the role of experts, and an interdisciplinary research agenda will be proposed.
Evaluating the Impact of Community-Based Medical Education on Health Literacy and Patient Empowerment in Underserved Populations: A Pilot Cohort Study

Background: Traditionally, community-based education (CBE) programmes have been utilised for teaching medical students clinical and interpersonal skills through placement in underserved environments. This pilot cohort study tested an extended model of CBE by infusing patient education into student-conducted consultations with the dual objectives of stimulating improved learning for the students and improved health literacy for the patients. Methods: The intervention involved 38 final-year medical students and 85 adult patients and from underprivileged communities in North West London. The students first undertook online preparatory workshops on health literacy, communication skills, and cultural competence. Subsequently, they imparted 20–30 min educational sessions on chronic disease management and preventive care to the patients on their clinical placements. The quantitative measurement used pre- and post-intervention questionnaires, and the qualitative measurement was based on reflective diaries and patient feedback. Paired t-tests were used for statistical comparisons, while a thematic analysis was used for textual answers. Results: Student confidence in breaking down medical jargon improved from 2.8 ± 0.7 to 4.4 ± 0.5 (p &lt; 0.01), and confidence in making use of visual aids improved from 2.5 ± 0.8 to 4.2 ± 0.6 (p &lt; 0.01). Understanding among the patients of their health conditions improved from 27% to 74% (p &lt; 0.001), and self-confidence in their ability to manage their health improved from 31% to 79% (p &lt; 0.001). The qualitative feedback noted improved empathy, cultural sensitivity, and a positive effect on patient empowerment through tailored education. Conclusions: This CBE intervention had two benefits: improving teaching and communication skills in students and greatly enhancing health literacy in underserved patients. The integration of structured education into usual care encounters holds the promise of a scalable, sustainable method for addressing health disparities. Longer longitudinal studies are necessary to assess its long-term success and incorporation into medical education.
Human Rights in Islam and international law: Areas of convergence and tension (an analytical study focusing on freedom of religion, women’s rights, and minority protections)

Through the study of the doctrinal analysis and comparison approach, the research will evaluate the two main origins of the Islamic law one is the classical jurisprudence, the other reformist interpretation of the law, and the third the international human rights documents. The results show that there are important areas of intersection which are concreteness of human dignity, equality before the law, protection of life as well as property and social justice. Some interpretations are however strained on apostasy, gender role, inheritance, testifying and the involvement of religious minorities in politics. It must concern the historical jurisprudential interpretations, the socio-political conditions, and the reality of the different philosophical foundation of rights, which are the divine command and secular universalism. One can engage in meaningful harmonization without disrupting the fundamental religious values by means of placing them in context (ijtihad), maqasid based methods (objectives of law), and the culturally sensitive legal reforms. The policy recommendations, which are presented as the last section of the paper, serve to allow dialogue, change of law and educational activities to infuse more human rights in Muslim dominated societies and to bridge the conceptual gap.
Ethical AI governance, trust and deepfake regulation in the UAE’s media landscape

This study examines the ethical governance and regulatory challenges of deepfake technologies within the context of rapid artificial intelligence (AI) advancements in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). It explores the role of trust in AI’s integration into digital media, critically assessing the UAE’s regulatory frameworks. Using a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats analysis of policy documents and insights from a Delphi study with experts in digital media, AI ethics and governance, the research identifies both strengths and significant gaps in existing policies. Findings highlight the need for greater emphasis on transparency, accountability and privacy, questioning the assumption of a fully proactive AI governance approach in the UAE. The proposed ethical AI global benchmark model offers a robust framework that balances innovation with ethical considerations, aligning with global standards. This article contributes insights into cultivating ethical governance in AI-driven media, particularly within the UAE’s unique sociopolitical context.
Multisensory AI for Assistive Technology: Enhancing Accessibility and Immersive Experiences in Education and Healthcare

Abstract: This chapter explores the transformative role of multisensory AI in assistive technology, focusing on enhancing accessibility and immersive experiences in education and healthcare. By integrating sensory modalities such as vision, hearing, and touch, AI-driven systems provide adaptive solutions for individuals with disabilities. The chapter examines applications like AI-powered learning tools, immersive AR/VR environments, smart prosthetics, and real-time health monitoring. It also addresses ethical challenges, including privacy and scalability, while highlighting future innovations such as brain-computer interfaces and global accessibility initiatives. Multisensory AI emerges as a powerful tool to bridge accessibility gaps and improve quality of life across diverse populations.  Keywords: Multisensory AI, assistive technology, accessibility, education, healthcare, AR/VR, smart prosthetics, brain-computer interfaces, adaptive learning, health monitoring, ethical AI, data privacy, global accessibility, inclusivity, immersive experiences.
Impact of Edge Computing on IoT Device Latency and Data Processing Efficiency in Healthcare Systems in United States

Abstract  Purpose: The purpose of this article was to analyze impact of edge computing on IoT device latency and data processing efficiency in healthcare systems in United States.  Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries.  Findings: Edge computing has improved IoT device latency and data processing efficiency in U.S. healthcare systems by processing data locally, reducing transmission time and enabling faster decision-making. This results in up to a 50% reduction in latency, enhancing real-time monitoring and enabling quicker interventions. It also optimizes bandwidth and reduces server load, leading to more efficient patient monitoring and faster diagnoses, ultimately improving healthcare outcomes.  Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Technology acceptance model (TAM), diffusion of innovations theory &amp; systems theory may be used to anchor future studies on the impact of edge computing on IoT device latency and data processing efficiency in healthcare systems in United States. Healthcare providers in remote or low-resource settings should prioritize adopting edge computing technology to overcome latency issues associated with cloud-based systems. Governments and healthcare regulators should create policies that incentivize the adoption of edge computing technologies in healthcare systems.
Curricular Innovations for Medical Students in Palliative and End-of-Life Care: A Systematic Review and Assessment of Study Quality

Recent focus on palliative and end-of-life care has led medical schools worldwide to enhance their palliative care curricula.The objective of the study was to describe recent curricular innovations in palliative care for medical students, evaluate the quality of studies in the field, and inform future research and curricular design.The authors searched Medline, Scopus, and Educational Resource Information Center (ERIC) for English-language articles published between 2007 and 2013 describing a palliative care curriculum for medical students. Characteristics of the curricula were extracted, and methodological quality was assessed using the Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument (MERSQI).The sample described 48 curricula in 12 countries. Faculty were usually interdisciplinary. Palliative care topics included patient assessment, communication, pain and symptom management, psychosocial and spiritual needs, bioethics and the law, role in the health care system, interdisciplinary teamwork, and self-care. Thirty-nine articles included quantitative evaluation, with a mean MERSQI score of 9.9 (on a scale of 5 to 18). The domain most likely to receive a high score was data analysis (mean 2.51 out of 3), while the domains most likely to receive low scores were validity of instrument (mean 1.05) and outcomes (mean 1.31).Recent innovations in palliative care education for medical students represent varied settings, learner levels, instructors, educational modalities, and palliative care topics. Future curricula should continue to incorporate interdisciplinary faculty. Studies could be improved by integrating longitudinal curricula and longer-term outcomes; collaborating across institutions; using validated measures; and assessing higher-level outcomes including skills, behaviors, and impact on patient care.