ethicalabs/Research-Intent-Collab huggingface dataset:
Metagenomic analysis of cucumber rhizospheric microbiome provides insights into NaHCO3 stress mitigation by Rheinheimera pacifica NYJ

Abstract         Background: NaHCO3 in soil leads to alkalinization and causes stress in plants, thus hindering agricultural sustainability. A strain NYJ was identified as Rheinheimera pacifica and applied into cucumber-planted soil to mitigate NaHCO3 stress in this study. We aimed to detect the taxonomy and functional potential of rhizospheric microbiome affected by NaHCO3 stress and NYJ application, obtaining NaHCO3-tolerant microbes and exploring one mechanism underlining NaHCO3 stress mitigation by NYJ application.Results: The strain NYJ grew well under 0.01-0.06 g L-1 NaHCO3 and had plant growth-promoting capacity. Application of NYJ into NaHCO3-contaminated and cucumber-planted soil improved plant growth, increased relative water contents and osmotic potential of leaves, and decreased malonaldehyde and hydrogen peroxide contents in seedlings, mitigating NaHCO3 stress in cucumber. In cucumber rhizospheric soil, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes of microbes were dominant phyla with 69, 17, and 6% of total abundance. To respond to NaHCO3 stress, 669 species and 208 genera of microbes were enriched in rhizospheric soil, while 190 sodium ion-related genes, 1242 osmotic stress-related genes, and 121 other stress-related genes from microbial genera including Pseudomonas showed the increased abundances. Under NaHCO3 stress, 26 microbial genera were distributed in connectors, the interaction network of rhizospheric microbes was changed, and soil enzyme activities were decreased. When NYJ being applied into the NaHCO3-contaminated soil, 1327 species and 487 genera of microbes were enriched than those under NaHCO3 stress alone. Meantime, soil enzyme activities were increased, while 2238 symbiont- and immune-related genes and 2434 plant growth-promoting genes including 16 genes encoding chitinase had the elevated abundances in microbial genera. Moreover, NYJ negatively interacted with one bacterial genus and positively interacted with 3 microbial genera under NaHCO3 stress. As a result, 25 bacterial genera were distributed in connectors, and microbial interaction network in rhizospheric soil was different from the one caused by NaHCO3 stress alone.Conclusions: 669 NaHCO3-tolerant species and 208 NaHCO3-tolerant genera of microbes were identified. NYJ application affected microbial community structure and interaction network in rhizospheric soil, increased the abundances of genes related to symbiont, immune, and plant growth-promoting traits in microbes, and activated soil enzymes, thereby mitigating NaHCO3 stress in cucumber.1 These authors contributed equally to this work.
A dynamical model of supernova feedback: gas outflows from the interstellar medium

We present a dynamical model of supernova feedback which follows the evolution of pressurised bubbles driven by supernovae in a multi-phase interstellar medium (ISM). The bubbles are followed until the point of break-out into the halo, starting from an initial adiabatic phase to a radiative phase. We show that a key property which sets the fate of bubbles in the ISM is the gas surface density, through the work done by the expansion of bubbles and its role in setting the gas scaleheight. The multi-phase description of the ISM is essential, and neglecting it leads to order of magnitude differences in the predicted outflow rates. We compare our predicted mass loading and outflow velocities to observations of local and high-redshift galaxies and find good agreement over a wide range of stellar masses and velocities. With the aim of analysing the dependence of the mass loading of the outflow, beta (i.e. the ratio between the outflow and star formation rates), on galaxy properties, we embed our model in the galaxy formation simulation, GALFORM, set in the LCDM framework. We find that a dependence of beta solely on the circular velocity, as is widely assumed in the literature, is actually a poor description of the outflow rate, as large variations with redshift and galaxy properties are obtained. Moreover, we find that below a circular velocity of 80km/s the mass loading saturates. A more fundamental relation is that between beta and the gas scaleheight of the disk, hg, and the gas fraction, fgas, as beta hg^(1.1) fgas^(0.4), or the gas surface density, Σ_g, and the gas fraction, as beta Σ_g^(-0.6) fgas^(0.8). We find that using the new mass loading model leads to a shallower faint-end slope in the predicted optical and near-IR galaxy luminosity functions.
Natural language processing in electronic health records: A review

The two fundamental tasks that a physician performs during every interaction with a patient are reading and updating electronic health records (EHRs). Reading the records is necessary to gain better knowledge of a patient&amp;rsquo;s health status while updating the records is essential for creating a database for future information extraction. If a patient&amp;rsquo;s history consists of only a few records, manual reading is the best approach. However, this method may lead to overlooking important aspects of the patient&amp;rsquo;s health, which could be detrimental. Therefore, automation is required to extract important information. Natural language processing (NLP) facilitates information extraction and operates on seven different levels. In our review, we aimed to understand how NLP levels assist in extracting information. We examined articles published in PubMed and, after critical evaluation, selected 65 out of 382 identified articles that met the inclusion criteria for the final review. Among these, 47 articles were included in the final review. We found a higher number of articles on the lexical (7), semantic (30), and morphological (4) levels, while fewer articles focused on the phonetic (1), syntactic (2), discourse (2), and pragmatic (1) levels. This distribution underscores the current emphasis within the literature on the specific aspects of NLP. In conclusion, our review underscores the critical role played by NLP in extracting information from EHR, shedding light on the varied levels at which this technology operates.
Recent Trends in Child Sexual Abuse Material (CSAM) Distribution in Indian Cyberspace

The emergence and evolution of social media and technology poses challenges in the prevention of child sexual exploitation and abuse. This issue is not successfully addressed by the existing techno-legal apparatus and is posing risks to the children. In India, CSAM files are illegal and constitute an offense under Section 67(B), IT Act 2000. The technology has also made available various tools and techniques, to the predators who are always ready to groom and exploit teenagers &amp; circulate their indecent images / videos. This research work has been carried out to assess a qualitative estimate of the quantum of Child Sexual Abuse Material (CSAM) circulated in Indian Cyberspace using peer-to-peer technology. Although CSAM is legally banned, many unique IP addresses were found to be distributing a total of 27,00,08,502 disturbing material depicting the sexual abuse of children distributed over 7 torrents spreading over 29 States and 5 Union Territories.
Setting priorities for addressing community historical rights and conserving biodiversity in the Inner Ionian Marine Protected Area, Greece

ABSTRACTThe Inner Ionian Marine Protected Area (MPA), currently the fifth largest MPA in Greece and one of the largest in the Mediterranean Sea, although internationally recognised as important for marine megafauna and marine biodiversity, exists mainly on paper, rather than in reality. The Inner Ionian MPA has a long history of environmental degradation whilst it has been under government control, something which began decades prior to its official designation as ‘protected’. Our research has found that reports from various government and non-governmental scientific groups have consistently reported only commercial fishing and, to a much lesser extent, mass tourism-related pressures as the chief culprits of environmental degradation in the area. However, we argue that another principal cause for this degradation is aquaculture and we also identify several others based on our experience on the ground and interviews with local people. In this paper we also offer predictions for the future of the area given...
A Study on Corporate Social Responsibility Relationship with Organisational Culture and Business Ethics : - On MCL

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in India has gone past just philanthropy and gifts, and is drawn closer in a more sorted out mold. It has turned into a basic part of the corporate system. Companies have CSR groups that detail particular approaches, methodologies and objectives for their CSR projects and put aside spending plans to bolster them. The essential target of CSR in nowadays is to expand the company's general effect on the general public and partners. CSR has experienced many stages in India. In this paper we examine the basic changes in model of corporate social obligation and the new imaginative works on being connected for its execution in the most recent decade in India. It minimizes the cost and additionally hazards, subsequently, expanding the brand esteem and notoriety of the company. "CSR alludes to the commitments of specialists to seek after those approaches to settle on those choices or to take after those lines of relations which are attractive as far as the goals and estimations of our general public."
National Resilience Through Enterprise Security: The Role Of Zero Trust In Protecting Ai-Driven Critical Infrastructure In The United States

The evolving threat landscape of the 21st century has witnessed critical infrastructure systems throughout the United States increasingly dependent on Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) technologies. These technologies optimize performance across essential sectors, yet introduce fresh vulnerabilities to sophisticated cyberattacks and data extraction. This article examines the implementation of Zero Trust Security Architecture (ZTSA) for AI/ML workloads within critical infrastructure environments through semi-structured interviews with cybersecurity professionals and document analysis across energy, healthcare, and financial sectors. Results reveal significant reductions in threat detection time and unauthorized access attempts following ZTSA implementation. Organizations with comprehensive monitoring detected substantially more potential threats than those with partial coverage. Distinct security patterns emerge, with energy sectors favoring segmentation-based approaches and healthcare prioritizing identity-centric models. The synthesis of industry implementations, regulatory directions, and architectural approaches yields a framework for protecting critical AI systems, strengthening national infrastructure resilience against emerging threats. This comprehensive security framework not only addresses current vulnerabilities in AI-driven infrastructure but also establishes a sustainable foundation for ongoing security evolution, ensuring that critical systems remain protected as both AI capabilities and threat vectors continue to advance in sophistication and scope.
Three-Dimensional Neutron-Physical Methodology for Calculating a Nuclear-Reactor Cell with Axial Symmetry and Finite Step Along the Axis

A methodology for performing three-dimensional calculations of a cell in a nuclear reactor with axial symmetry and a fi nite step along the axis is presented. It is based on a method developed for reactors with a close VVER-type lattice for solving the three-dimensional neutron-transport equation in a cell by separation of variables. A method of calculating the trial functions used at the level of three-dimensional calculations of reactors with axial symmetry by the method of surface quantities is proposed. The results show that if a zone with a large step along the axis is to be calculated, then the corrections associated with the curvature of the neutron fl ux are signifi cant and must be taken into account at the level of core calculations.
DFT and Persistent Homology for Topological Musical Data Analysis

There are several works that already exist in the context of persistent homology for Topological Musical Data Analysis, and we can cite [2] and [3] among others: in each one of these works, the main problem is to find how we can associate a point cloud with a musical score, that is a set of points with a metric. This paper proposes to combine persistent homology with a symbolic representation of musical structures given by the Discrete Fourier Transform to answer this question: the points are the musical bars and the metric is given by the DFT in dimension two. We start with the mathematical background, and themain goal of this paper is thus to support the use of the DFT in this context, by extracting barcodes from artificially constructed scores based on Tonnetze, and then recovering topological features.
Interrupting pathways to health inequities in citizen science health research

SummaryParticipatory research in multiple forms is rapidly gaining ground and stands to provide valuable benefits in the area of health research. Citizen science, an increasingly popular form of participatory research, aims to involve laypersons in knowledge production and, as such, can offer new insights that may not be readily accessible by the traditional scientific research enterprise. Heralded as an advance in the democratization of science, citizen science stands as a potential player in evidence generation. Yet, while citizen science offers advantages through its emphasis on lay participation in uncovering information likely to be pertinent to improving health outcomes, without deliberate attention to pathways to inequity and oversight, some aspects can operate to perpetuate or exacerbate health inequities. Drawing on health disparities literature to assist in identifying possible pathways, this work aims to provide support for greater attention to ‘process’, which would include active engagement with intersecting inequities as a way of interrupting pathways to health inequity. If citizen science is to be true to its moniker, it cannot be ‘equity-neutral’ in a society where structural or systemic inequities are present. It must be equity-promoting. In the health context, the concerns of justice evolve into concerns of differential health impacts. To accomplish this, equity and justice, as well as representation and fair process, become critically important. Accordingly, this paper foregrounds proactive commitment to equity by confronting the reality of social inequalities present in a given society and adapting the project accordingly to minimize downstream health inequities.
Efficacy of the insect growth regulators tebufenozide and fenoxycarb for lepidopteran pest control in apples, and their compatibility with biological control for integrated pest management

The insect growth regulators tebufenozide and fenoxycarb were compared with the industry standard organophosphate, azinphos-methyl, in a replicated field trial. In both the 1992-93 and 1993-94 seasons, the 2 insect growth regulators maintained damage levels to harvested and windfall apples below 1% for both codling moth (Cydia pornonella L.) and lightbrown apple moth (Epiphyas postvittana Walker). This was despite considerable pest pressure as indicated by pheromone trap catches of both species. In the first season of the trial, E. postvittana was controlled more effectively (P&amp;lt;0.05) by tebufenozide than by fenoxycarb. In both seasons, populations of two-spotted mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, and European red mite, Panonychus ulmi Koch, were higher in plots under azinphos-methyl treatment than in either insect growth regulator treatment. Neither insect growth regulator appeared to suppress populations of the phytoseiids Typhlodromus pyri Scheuten and Typhlodromus occidentalis Nesbitt. Limb jarring in the second season showed statistically significant (P&amp;lt;0.05) differences in populations of other predators which may have contributed to the biological control of phytophagous mites in the insect growth regulator treatments. Numbers of spiders, Stethorus spp., and apple dimpling bug (Carnpylomma liebknechti Girault) nymphs were all lower in the azinphos-methyl treatment. Results are discussed in relation to reducing dependence on conventional pesticides by use of more target-specific compounds which may be more compatible with biological control.
Transformation of Communication Mode of Drama Performances in The New Media Era : Master's Thesis / Zhang Yang; BSU, Faculty of Philosophy and Social Sciences, Department of Social Communication; Academic supervisor: Igor V. Pinchuk

Цель исследования: Понять трансформацию моделей драматической коммуникации в эпоху новых медиа, сосредоточившись на взаимодействии между технологической логикой (например, 5G, AR, алгоритмические рекомендации) и культурной ДНК (например, традиционная оперная эстетика, театральный ритуал). В этом исследовании рассматривается системная реконструкция агентов коммуникации, форм контента и систем оценки в ходе миграции традиционного театра с физических площадок на цифровые платформы.
Assessing the Effectiveness of eHealth Interventions to Manage Multiple Lifestyle Risk Behaviors Among Older Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (Preprint)

BACKGROUND                         Developing adverse lifestyle behaviors increases the risk of a variety of chronic age-related diseases, including cardiovascular disease, obesity, and Alzheimer disease. There is limited evidence regarding the effectiveness of eHealth-based multiple health behavior change (MHBC) interventions to manage lifestyle risk behaviors.                                                                       OBJECTIVE                         The purpose of this systematic evaluation was to assess the effectiveness of eHealth MHBC interventions in changing ≥2 major lifestyle risk behaviors in people aged ≥50 years.                                                                       METHODS                         The literature search was conducted in 6 electronic databases—PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and SPORTDiscus—from inception to May 1, 2024. Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials of eHealth interventions targeting ≥2 of 6 behaviors of interest: alcohol use, smoking, diet, physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior, and sleep.                                                                       RESULTS                         A total of 34 articles with 35 studies were included. eHealth-based MHBC interventions significantly increased smoking cessation rates (odds ratio 2.09, 95% CI 1.62-2.70; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&amp;lt;.001), fruit intake (standardized mean difference [SMD] 0.18, 95% CI 0.04-0.32; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=.01), vegetable intake (SMD 0.17, 95% CI 0.05-0.28; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=.003), self-reported total PA (SMD 0.22, 95% CI 0.02-0.43; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=.03), and objectively measured moderate to vigorous PA (SMD 0.25, 95% CI 0.09-0.41; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=.002); in addition, the interventions decreased fat intake (SMD –0.23, 95% CI –0.33 to –0.13; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&amp;lt;.001). No effects were observed for alcohol use, sedentary behavior, or sleep. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to test the robustness of the pooled results. Moreover, the certainty of evidence was evaluated using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) framework.                                                                       CONCLUSIONS                         eHealth-based MHBC interventions may be a promising strategy to increase PA, improve diet, and reduce smoking among older adults. However, the effect sizes were small. Further high-quality, older adult–oriented research is needed to develop eHealth interventions that can change multiple behaviors.                                                                       CLINICALTRIAL                         PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42023444418; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023444418
Piecewise SOS-Convex Moment Optimization and Applications via Exact Semi-Definite Programs

This paper presents exact Semi-Definite Program (SDP) reformulations for infinite-dimensional moment optimization problems involving a new class of piecewise Sum-of-Squares (SOS)-convex functions and projected spectrahedral support sets. These reformulations show that solving a single SDP finds the optimal value and an optimal probability measure of the original moment problem. This is done by establishing an SOS representation for the non-negativity of a piecewise SOS-convex function over a projected spectrahedron. Finally, as an application and a proof-of-concept illustration, the paper presents numerical results for the Newsvendor and revenue maximization problems with higher-order moments by solving their equivalent SDP reformulations. These reformulations promise a flexible and efficient approach to solving these models. The main novelty of the present work in relation to the recent research lies in finding the solution to moment problems, for the first time, with piecewise SOS-convex functions from their numerically tractable exact SDP reformulations.
Mechanical signal-chromatin interactions: molecular networks from nuclear membrane force transmission to epigenetic regulation

Cells transmit extracellular physical signals across the membrane into the nucleus through membrane mechanoreceptors (such as integrins, mechanically gated ion channels) and the cytoskeletal network. This process leads to redistribution of nuclear membrane tension and dynamic adjustment of chromatin conformation. This process is a core mechanism for cells to sense the microenvironment and regulate physiological activities. As a key hub for mechanotransduction, the linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) complex cooperates with nuclear lamins through the interaction of SAD1/UNC84 domain containing protein (SUN)-Klarsicht, ANC-1 and Syne homology (KASH) domain proteins. Together, they establish a mechanical conduction pathway across the nuclear membrane, mediating the precise transmission of mechanical signals into the nucleus. This then regulates chromatin spatial arrangement and epigenetic modifications. This review systematically analyzes the transmembrane transduction mechanisms of mechanical stimuli (integrin-focal adhesion signaling axis, force-induced activation of Piezo/Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid (TRPV) family channels, signal integration by primary cilia). It clarifies the rules for force transmission into the nucleus via the cytoskeleton-LINC complex. It reveals the regulatory effects of mechanical force on chromatin three-dimensional topological remodeling and epigenetic modifications. It focuses on organizing the molecular network of the “mechanical stimulus-structural remodeling-epigenetic regulation” cascade. This article aims to provide a theoretical framework for a deeper understanding of the role of mechanical-epigenetic coupling in tissue development and disease progression. It also offers a systematic reference for research in related fields.