ethicalabs/Research-Intent-Collab huggingface dataset:
Cosmological simulations of two-component wave dark matter

ABSTRACT                Wave (fuzzy) dark matter ($\psi \rm {DM}$) consists of ultralight bosons, featuring a solitonic core within a granular halo. Here we extend $\psi \rm {DM}$ to two components, with distinct particle masses m and coupled only through gravity, and investigate the resulting soliton–halo structure via cosmological simulations. Specifically, we assume $\psi \rm {DM}$ contains 75 per cent major component and 25 per cent minor component, fix the major-component particle mass to $m_{\rm major}=1\times 10^{-22}\, \rm eV$, and explore two different minor-component particle masses with mmajor: mminor = 3: 1 and 1: 3, respectively. For mmajor: mminor = 3: 1, we find that (i) the major- and minor-component solitons coexist, have comparable masses, and are roughly concentric. (ii) The soliton peak density is significantly lower than the single-component counterpart, leading to a smoother soliton-to-halo transition and rotation curve. (iii) The combined soliton mass of both components follows the same single-component core–halo mass relation. In dramatic contrast, for mmajor: mminor = 1: 3, a minor-component soliton cannot form with the presence of a stable major-component soliton; the total density profile, for both halo and soliton, is thus dominated by the major component and closely follows the single-component case. To support this finding, we propose a toy model illustrating that it is difficult to form a soliton in a hot environment associated with a deep gravitational potential. The work demonstrates that the extra flexibility added to the multi-component $\psi \rm {DM}$ model can resolve observational tensions over the single-component model while retaining its key features.
Protection of Minors' Rights Amid the Spread of “Pharmacy” drug Addiction in the Kyrgyz Republic: Criminal Law and Criminological Analysis (Swot Approach)

Examines criminal law mechanisms for protecting children's rights in the context of the spread of "pharmacy" drug addiction in the Kyrgyz Republic. A SWOT analysis identifies structural conflicts in criminal law and law enforcement practices that hinder the effective protection of minors. The need to transform criminal policy toward prioritizing prevention, victimization, and rehabilitation of minors as victims of drug trafficking is substantiated. This research was conducted under a grant from Osh State University (D.31/24).
Interpreting the Effect of Generative Adversarial Network Application on Deep Learning Model Performance for Chlorophyll‐                     <i>a</i>                     Concentration Prediction in a Stream Using Explainable Artificial Intelligence

ABSTRACT                   Predicting algal blooms is crucial for effective water quality management. Recent studies have leveraged advanced data‐driven models, such as deep learning, for this purpose. However, the effectiveness of these models heavily relies on the availability of high‐quality data, which is often costly and time‐intensive to collect in real‐world environments. This study employed a time‐series generative adversarial network (GAN), a representative generative artificial intelligence (AI) model, to produce synthetic data and evaluate its impact on the performance of a long short‐term memory (LSTM) network, a widely used deep learning model for time‐series prediction. The input variables were constructed with sequence lengths of 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, and 18. Two modeling scenarios were analyzed: one using only real data (LSTM_REAL) and another (LSTM_GAN) that applies knowledge distillation to incorporate information learned from both real data and GAN‐generated data. Among the two scenarios, LSTM_GAN with a sequence length of 6 achieved the best performance with an NSE of 0.802, and the results indicated that the impact on performance varied depending on the sequence length. LSTM_GAN showed slight improvement over LSTM_REAL at sequence lengths 3, 6, 9, and 12, while showing degradation at 15 and 18, and the overall effect on performance was modest. However, a quantitative assessment using Shapley value analysis, a well‐known explainable AI technique, revealed that the GAN‐generated data accounted for 14.5%–24.3% of the total variable importance depending on the sequence length. These findings indicate that GAN‐generated data meaningfully influence the model's internal inference process. Overall, this study demonstrates the potential of the GAN algorithm in improving algal bloom prediction models.
Grounding Judicial Review in the Constitutional Principles of Separation of Power and the Rule of Law: An Examination of Judicial Review of Clemency Power Under Article 22P of the Constitution of the Republic of Singapore

With a focus on judicial review of clemency power under Article 22P of the Constitution of the Republic of Singapore, this essay argues that a polity’s conception of constitutional principles of the separation of powers and the rule of law informs and determines the scope and intensity of judicial review. It therefore seeks to evaluate whether the scope and intensity of judicial review of clemency power is normatively desirable by reference to its theoretical grounding in a Singaporean conception of these constitutional principles.
The SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes BAF and PBAF differentially regulate epigenetic transitions in exhausted CD8+ T cells

CD8+ T cell exhaustion (Tex) limits disease control during chronic viral infections and cancer. Here, we investigated the epigenetic factors mediating major chromatin-remodeling events in Tex-cell development. A protein-domain-focused in vivo CRISPR screen identified distinct functions for two versions of the SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complex in Tex-cell differentiation. Depletion of the canonical SWI/SNF form, BAF, impaired initial CD8+ T cell responses in acute and chronic infection. In contrast, disruption of PBAF enhanced Tex-cell proliferation and survival. Mechanistically, PBAF regulated the epigenetic and transcriptional transition from TCF-1+ progenitor Tex cells to more differentiated TCF-1- Tex subsets. Whereas PBAF acted to preserve Tex progenitor biology, BAF was required to generate effector-like Tex cells, suggesting that the balance of these factors coordinates Tex-cell subset differentiation. Targeting PBAF improved tumor control both alone and in combination with anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy. Thus, PBAF may present a therapeutic target in cancer immunotherapy.
Additional file 1 of Digital phenotyping and digital monitoring technologies for relapse detection in mental health: a systematic review

Supplementary Material 1
The role of quantum computing in advancing plasma physics simulations for fusion energy and high-energy

Its complexity constrains advancements in fusion energy and high energy applications driven by plasma physics, multiscale phenomena beyond classical computing limits. These transformative solutions, especially in plasma simulations, for which exponential speedup is possible, represent significant promise toward breakthroughs in sustainable energy and extreme state studies. In this review, Quantum Computing (QC) is explored as a means to drive plasma physics simulations forward by providing applications such as fusion energy and high-energy systems. This includes computational methods for simulating turbulence, wave-particle interactions, and Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) instabilities that have near-quantum efficiency. We show that by integrating QC into plasma research, one can solve large-scale linear equations, compute eigenvalues, and optimize complex systems, performing better than classical methods. This discussion examines the potential of quantum computing for plasma physics, highlighting its current limitations, including hardware constraints and the need for specialized algorithms tailored to model complex plasma phenomena accurately. These challenges notwithstanding, QC has the potential to dramatically change plasma modeling and expedite the development of fusion reactors. QC represents a new approach to engineer away computational bottlenecks, providing unprecedented views of plasma behavior needed for sustainable energy breakthroughs. The results from this work underscore the continued importance of looking outside of plasma physics to realize QC’s full potential in advancing high-energy science.
When Artificial Intelligence Generated Content Becomes Weapon-Grade Communication

This methodological paper explains how AI-supported, multimodal content can escalate into weapon-grade communication. After outlining the limits of detection-centric responses, it proposes an WGC-matrix that operationalizes credibility hijacking and cognitive overload at the intersection of intent, channel, and cognitive impact. The framework is validated through 12 case studies spanning text, image, audio, and video modalities.
Datamonkey 2010: a suite of phylogenetic analysis tools for evolutionary biology

Abstract                Summary: Datamonkey is a popular web-based suite of phylogenetic analysis tools for use in evolutionary biology. Since the original release in 2005, we have expanded the analysis options to include recently developed algorithmic methods for recombination detection, evolutionary fingerprinting of genes, codon model selection, co-evolution between sites, identification of sites, which rapidly escape host-immune pressure and HIV-1 subtype assignment. The traditional selection tools have also been augmented to include recent developments in the field. Here, we summarize the analyses options currently available on Datamonkey, and provide guidelines for their use in evolutionary biology.                Availability and documentation:  http://www.datamonkey.org                Contact:  spond@ucsd.edu
Measuring the Contribution of Nursing to Quality, Patient Safety, and Health Care Outcomes

In 2004, the National Quality Forum (NQF) endorsed a set of voluntary consensus standards for nursing-sensitive care that quantifies nursing's contribution to patient safety, health care outcomes, and a professional work environment. Since endorsement, these consensus standards have been the basis for research, quality improvement, and policy setting. This article provides a summary of NQF's consensus development process and various efforts that have cascaded from the endorsement of these consensus standards.
A Methodology to Engineer and Validate Dynamic Multi-level Multi-agent Based Simulations

This article proposes a methodology to model and simulate complex systems, based on IRM4MLS, a generic agent-based meta-model able to deal with multi-level systems. This methodology permits the engineering of dynamic multi-level agent-based models, to represent complex systems over several scales and domains of interest. Its goal is to simulate a phenomenon using dynamically the lightest representation to save computer resources without loss of information. This methodology is based on two mechanisms: (1) the activation or deactivation of agents representing different domain parts of the same phenomenon and (2) the aggregation or disaggregation of agents representing the same phenomenon at different scales.
The Role And Authority Of The World Trade Organization (WTO) Towards International Dispute Settlement Seen From The Case Of Indonesia's Nickel Ore Exports With The European Union (EU)

This research aims to analyze the role and authority of the World Trade Organization (WTO) towards international dispute resolution seen from the case of Indonesia's nickel ore exports with the European Union (EU). This type of research is descriptive analytical. This research was conducted with normative juridical methods sourced from primary legal materials and secondary legal materials which include relevant sources of international law, such as international conventions / treaties, international customs, general legal principles, court decisions, as well as teachings / doctrines of legal experts websites, books and other sources. The data analysis technique in this study collects the data and then analyzes it so that it gives rise to a conclusion. The result of this research is that the World Trade Organization (WTO) as the only international organization (OI) engaged in international trade has an important role for resolving disputes regarding trade because it concerns the world economy. Although basically the WTO is an organization that guarantees smoothness and aims to create good and peaceful international trade, the existence of supporting organs such as the Dispute Settlement Body and the Appellate Body is a concrete manifestation of the WTO's authority in resolving international disputes based on doctrines such as attributed, implied, and inherent power. In the case of Nickel Ore Exports, Indonesia and the European Union can resolve existing disputes through various means offered by the WTO which can be utilized as well as possible, especially to improve relations between the two in terms of trade by using the settlement facilities provided by the organization. However, in finding a way out of the settlement, it should not ignore the function of the WTO which is based on the main principles. One of them is the fact that Indonesia is a developing country which, according to the basic principles of the WTO, is entitled to certain special treatment.
Transferring Knowledge from MM to QM: A Graph Neural Network-Based Implicit Solvent Model for Small Organic Molecules

The conformational ensemble of a molecule is strongly influenced by the surrounding environment. Correctly modeling the effect of any given environment is, hence, of pivotal importance in computational studies. Machine learning (ML) has been shown to be able to model these interactions probabilistically, with successful applications demonstrated for classical molecular dynamics. While first instances of ML implicit solvents for quantum-mechanical (QM) calculations exist, the high computational cost of QM reference calculations hinders the development of a generally applicable ML implicit solvent model for QM calculations. Here, we present a novel way of developing such a general machine-learned QM implicit solvent model, which relies neither on QM reference calculations for training nor experimental data, by transferring knowledge obtained from classical interactions to QM. This strategy makes the obtained graph neural network (GNN) based implicit solvent model (termed QM-GNNIS) independent of the chosen functional and basis set. The performance of QM-GNNIS is validated on NMR and IR experiments, demonstrating that the approach can reproduce experimentally observed trends unattainable by state-of-the-art implicit-solvent models.
The relationship between Innovation diffusion and human resource information system (HRIS)

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between innovation diffusion and human resource information system (HRIS). The theoretical framework of this study is based on the previous literature discussing innovation and HRIS. Innovation was treated as an independent variable, whereas HRIS was dealt with as a dependent variable. A survey questionnaire was used and sent to the human resource executives and the human resource professionals working at the pharmaceutical sector in Jordan to collect the data of this study with a response rate of 85%. It was found that there is a positive relationship between innovation diffusion and HRIS. More specifically, it was found that there is a relationship between relative advantage, compatibility, trialability and observability on the one hand and HRIS functions on the other. However, it was found that there is no relationship between complexity as a dimension of innovation diffusion and HRIS functions.
THE REFORM OF DISPUTE SETTLEMENT SYSTEM  OF THE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION: CONTRIBUTION  AND PERSPECTIVES FROM INDONESIA

The WTO dispute settlement system is currently in crisis as the Appellate Body has been unable to perform its appellate review since December 11th, 2019. The US asserted that the AB has exceeded its authority. The crisis can be detrimental, especially for developing countries in international trade. The WTO Members have made efforts to reform the system. This paper uses qualitative and descriptive research to analyse the contribution of Indonesia to the system and its perspectives on the reform negotiations.  Indonesia has contributed to the system and the Organization by clarifying interpretations of WTO agreements. In the reform negotiations, Indonesia has actively participated by joining a proposal to commence the selection of new AB members, supporting the result of “Walker Process” negotiations as a basis for future negotiation, and making some proposals such as formal communication to the WTO on a process in an informal process to implement the mandate of MC12 Outcome Document. As a negotiation strategy, Indonesia should continue its active participation by prioritizing accessible aspects that are interests of developing and LDC members, emphasizing the need to limit negotiation scope and urging the fulfilment of the 2024 deadline, safeguarding a legalistic system, and conducting a comprehensive analysis on two-tier litigation.
Adopting Clinical Practice Guidelines for Pharmacologic Management of Acute Spinal Cord Injury from a Developed World Context to a Developing Global Region

Background: Proper utilization of high-quality clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) eliminates the dependence of patients’ outcomes on the ability and knowledge of "individual" health care providers and reduces unwarranted variation in care. The aim of this study was to adapt/adopt two CPGs for pharmacologic management of acute spinal cord injury (SCI) using guideline adaptation methods. Methods: This study was conducted based on the ADAPTE process. Following establishment of an organizing committee and choosing the health topics, we appraised the quality of the CPGs using the Appraisal of Clinical Guidelines for Research &amp; Evaluation II (AGREE II). Then, the authors extracted and categorized suggestions according to Population, Intervention, Professions, Outcomes and Health care setting (PIPOH). The decision-making process was based on systemic evaluation of each suggestion, utilizing a combination of AGREE II scores, the quality of supporting evidence for or against each suggestion and the triad of feasibility, acceptance and adoptability for the Iranian health-care context. Results: Two guidelines were included in the adaptation process. Based on high-quality of these guidelines and the feasibility and adoptability evaluation of the organizing committee, we decided to adopt the suggestion of both guidelines. Overall, seven suggestions were extracted from the source guidelines. Conclusion: This work provides a framework to apply guidelines for acute SCI to the developing regions of the world. Attempts should be made to implement these suggestions in order to improve the health outcomes of Iranian SCI patients.
Family and Consumer Sciences--A Valuable Resource to Public Schools in Parent and Community Engagement

By working with the Parent Involvement Committee of P-16 Leadership Council, a Family and Consumer Science Extension agent was able to help facilitate building community capacity through networking and collaboration to support and educate parents through family engagement. Implementation of these goals incorporated parent involvement research components of collaborated community services, providing support and services to families, parent and child rearing skills, shared information and resources, and encouraging support of children's learning. Specific information on the role of the Extension agent is included.
Regulation of metabolic networks: understanding metabolic complexity in the systems biology era

SummaryMetabolism is one of the best recognised networks within biological systems, but our understanding of metabolic regulation has been limited by a failure to consider regulation within the context of the whole network. With recent advances in theoretical aspects of network thinking and a postgenomic landscape in which our ability to quantify molecular changes at a systems level is unsurpassed, the time is ripe for the development of a new level of understanding of the regulation of plant metabolic networks. Theoretical advances such as the formal description of ‘scale‐free’ networks have provided explanations for network behaviour (such as robustness). In parallel, the appreciation of the importance of new levels of the metabolic regulatory hierarchy (such as protein–protein interaction) and the continuing development of global profiling technologies is generating a system‐wide molecular data set of increasing resolution. In this review we will argue that the integration of these different aspects of metabolic research will bring about a step change in our understanding of the regulation of metabolic networks in plants.         Contents       Summary 1   I. Introduction 1   II. The science of networks 2   III. Analysis of plant metabolic networks 5   IV. Conclusion 12    Acknowledgements 12    References 12
Towards One Health surveillance of antibiotic resistance: characterisation and mapping of existing programmes in humans, animals, food and the environment in France, 2021

Background                   International organisations are calling for One Health approaches to tackle antimicrobial resistance. In France, getting an overview of the current surveillance system and its level of integration is difficult due to the diversity of surveillance programmes.                                                   Aim                   This study aimed to map and describe all French surveillance programmes for antibiotic resistance (ABR), antibiotic use (ABU) and antibiotic residues, in humans, animals, food and the environment, in 2021. Another objective was to identify integration points, gaps and overlaps in the system.                                                   Methods                   We reviewed the literature for surveillance programmes and their descriptions. To further characterise programmes found, semi-directed interviews were conducted with their coordinators.                                                   Results                   In total 48 programmes in the human (n = 35), animal (n = 12), food (n = 3) and/or the environment (n = 1) sectors were identified; 35 programmes focused on ABR, 14 on ABU and two on antibiotic residues. Two programmes were cross-sectoral. Among the 35 ABR programmes, 23 collected bacterial isolates. Bacteria most targeted were Escherichia coli (n = 17 programmes), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 13), and Staphylococcus aureus (n = 12). Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing E. coli was monitored by most ABR programmes (15 of 35) in humans, animals and food, and is a good candidate for integrated analyses. ABU indicators were highly variable. Areas poorly covered were the environmental sector, overseas territories, antibiotic-resistant-bacterial colonisation in humans and ABU in companion animals.                                                   Conclusion                   The French surveillance system appears extensive but has gaps and is highly fragmented. We believe our mapping will interest policymakers and surveillance stakeholders. Our methodology may inspire other countries considering One Health surveillance of ABR.