ethicalabs/Research-Intent-Collab huggingface dataset:
Online time series monitoring method of transformer based on seq2seq model

Abstract                To monitor the operating conditions of transformers in real time and improve the monitoring accuracy of three-phase voltage, load current and power frequency of transformers, an online time series monitoring method of transformers based on the seq2seq model is proposed. The impedance, excitation current, secondary side voltage and excitation branch of the transformer are reduced to the primary side value, and the regulation coefficient of the transformer under no-load operation is calculated. By obtaining the short circuit impedance of the transformer, the short circuit impedance of the transformer is analysed. Using the coupling inductance model structure of single-phase double-winding and single-phase three-winding transformers, the parameter matrix of a single-phase double-winding transformer is established. According to the corresponding relationship between port electrical data and online monitoring information, the transformer coupling inductance model is constructed. The online time series monitoring process of the transformer is designed by using the seq2seq model, and the online time series monitoring of the transformer is realized. The experimental results show that when monitoring the three-phase voltage, load current and power frequency of the transformer, the monitoring errors are controlled below 0.5, 5 and 0.5%, respectively, which greatly improves the accuracy of online time series monitoring of the transformer.
TerraGen: A Unified Multi-Task Layout Generation Framework for Remote Sensing Data Augmentation

Remote sensing vision tasks require extensive labeled data across multiple, interconnected domains. However, current generative data augmentation frameworks are task-isolated, i.e., each vision task requires training an independent generative model, and ignores the modeling of geographical information and spatial constraints. To address these issues, we propose \textbf{TerraGen}, a unified layout-to-image generation framework that enables flexible, spatially controllable synthesis of remote sensing imagery for various high-level vision tasks, e.g., detection, segmentation, and extraction. Specifically, TerraGen introduces a geographic-spatial layout encoder that unifies bounding box and segmentation mask inputs, combined with a multi-scale injection scheme and mask-weighted loss to explicitly encode spatial constraints, from global structures to fine details. Also, we construct the first large-scale multi-task remote sensing layout generation dataset containing 45k images and establish a standardized evaluation protocol for this task. Experimental results show that our TerraGen can achieve the best generation image quality across diverse tasks. Additionally, TerraGen can be used as a universal data-augmentation generator, enhancing downstream task performance significantly and demonstrating robust cross-task generalisation in both full-data and few-shot scenarios.
Book Review: Plants, People, and Places: The Roles of Ethnobotany and Ethnoecology in Indigenous Peoples' Land Rights in Canada and Beyond. By Nancy Turner

Pharmaceutical Historian, vol. 53, no. 1, p. 31
Additional file 1 of Health insurance coverage and access to child and maternal health services in West Africa: a study protocol for a systematic review

Additional file 1:. PRISMA Checklist.
Quality and Reliability in Top-event Estimation: Quantitative Fault Tree Analysis in Case of Dependent Events

This article deals with the quantitative Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) and the estimation method of the top-event in case of dependent events. It aims at addressing two main issues: (1) the decomposition of variability for the top-event according to several error components linked to the estimation of the top-event and sources of internal and external variations for a complex system; and (2) the definition of a Performance Measure Independent of Adjustment in order to set the quality of the top-event as a complex measure of the system failure. A simulated study applied to the health system is also carried out.
Artificial intelligence leads the reform of education models

AbstractArtificial intelligence has become a new engine to achieve innovation‐driven development. Integrating artificial intelligence and education will lead to a new education development model and promote better education. Analysing the development trends in artificial intelligence education in various countries shows the demands for training and platform construction of artificial intelligence education. Artificial intelligence education presents the characteristics of diversified technology, personalized instruction, and intelligent student assessment.
“                     <i>Your world, everything just implodes, it really is a life-changing experience”</i>                     : how do relatives of Child Sexual Abuse Material (CSAM) offenders navigate life following discovery of the offence?

There is a gap in understanding how family members of sexual offenders, and specific to the present study, families of those who download CSAM, navigate their life experiences after the point of discovery of the offence. Their psychological experiences are a direct result of their association with a family member’s sexual crime and yet, they themselves are innocent. A qualitative approach with fifteen female partners, ex-partners and mothers of CSAM offenders was used to examine how they experienced life following the discovery of the crime. Using reflexive thematic analysis, two themes were interpreted: (1) Navigation through Secondary Stigma Experiences and (2) Fragile Future. These findings provide practical suggestions for increasing support for non-offending families, which would enhance their ability to provide support to desisting CSAM offenders, and advance the literature to better understand complex trauma for secondary victims of sexual crime. PRACTICE IMPACT STATEMENT Family members of CSAM offenders play an important role in both safeguarding children and desistance processes. Their efforts to cope with secondary stigma experiences need to be acknowledged with access to appropriate support options made available. Our findings contribute important insights into what assistance optimises family members’ ability to deal with their circumstances as they struggle to cope with powerful stigma experiences, thus enhancing their ability to protect children and support offending relatives
VRSBench: A Versatile Vision-Language Benchmark Dataset for Remote Sensing Image Understanding

We introduce a new benchmark designed to advance the development of general-purpose, large-scale vision-language models for remote sensing images. Although several vision-language datasets in remote sensing have been proposed to pursue this goal, existing datasets are typically tailored to single tasks, lack detailed object information, or suffer from inadequate quality control. Exploring these improvement opportunities, we present a Versatile vision-language Benchmark for Remote Sensing image understanding, termed VRSBench. This benchmark comprises 29,614 images, with 29,614 human-verified detailed captions, 52,472 object references, and 123,221 question-answer pairs. It facilitates the training and evaluation of vision-language models across a broad spectrum of remote sensing image understanding tasks. We further evaluated state-of-the-art models on this benchmark for three vision-language tasks: image captioning, visual grounding, and visual question answering. Our work aims to significantly contribute to the development of advanced vision-language models in the field of remote sensing. The data and code can be accessed at https://github.com/lx709/VRSBench.
El Principio De Precauciin En La Jurisprudencia Constitucional Colombiana: Incertidumbre Cienttfica Y Omisiones Selectivas (The Precautionary Principle in the Colombian Constitutional Jurisprudence: Scientific Uncertainty and Selective Omission)

English abstract: This paper proposes a critical reading of the precautionary principle, looking further, specifically, some issues that undermine the principle balance as guidelines for making decisions of who is responsible for taking them. Thus, the article is structured in two parts, (i) first we address the theoretical question, developing the concept that in the doctrine, must face at first, taking into account two essential aspects are the implications involved battling the "uncertainty scientific " fundamental element of the principle; and defense of the thesis that in many cases the stability of the application of the principle involves the selective omission of certain hazards of the situation being analyzed. Furthermore, (ii) we will address an issue that involves the notion of the precautionary principle which is its application in the real plane. In this second part , a description will be compared to the way , from the perspective of the Constitutional Court, has been conceptually addressed the precautionary principle , introducing the applicative section consists of reading , from our point of view, has judicially understood as the scope of the precautionary principle in the local area.Spanish abstract: En el presente articulo se propone hacer una lectura critica al principio de precaucion, buscando profundizar, de manera especifica, algunas cuestiones que minan el equilibrio del principio como instrumento guia para la toma decisiones de quien corresponde tomarlas. Asi, el articulo esta estructurado en dos partes, (i) por un lado se aborda la cuestion teorica, desarrollando la concepcion que, en la doctrina, se tiene frente al principio, teniendo en cuenta dos aspectos esenciales como son: las implicaciones que supone afronta la “incertidumbre cientifica”, elemento fundamental del principio; y, la defensa de la tesis segun la cual en muchos casos la consistencia de la aplicacion del principio supone la omision selectiva de ciertos peligros o riesgos de la situacion que se analiza. Por otro lado, (ii) se aborda la cuestion que envuelve la nocion del principio de precaucion cual es la aplicacion del mismo en el plano real. En esta segunda parte, se hara una descripcion frente a la manera como, desde la optica de la Corte Constitucional, se ha abordado conceptualmente el principio de precaucion, introduciendo a la seccion aplicativa conformada por la lectura que, desde nuestro punto de vista, se ha comprendido jurisprudencialmente como el alcance del principio de precaucion en el ambito local.
How Communicating an AI's Relational Risk Influences Trust Perceptions in AI-Assisted Decision-Making

AI systems err, however, existing Strategies to influence a user&amp;apos;s trust perception can sometimes fail to foster perceptions and assessments that reflect system limitations, with potentially detrimental real-world consequences. In this paper, we introduce a novel Relational Risk (RR) strategy derived from risk communication research to pre-emptively communicate the likelihood of AI error and its potential consequences, foregrounding the costs of AI error, and compare it with existing Strategies (AI accuracy, AI apology). Participants (N=208) engaged in an AI-assisted decision-making task with varying Stakes and AI performance, and we measured how these influence perceived AI trustworthiness across relevant perceptual dimensions (transparency, performance, utility). We find that RR enhances perceived AI transparency post-AI errors and encourages healthy scrutiny without diminishing or inflating perceived AI performance or utility. Conversely, AI accuracy boosts perceived AI transparency, performance, and utility under high decision-stakes, increasing system trustworthiness when unwarranted, while apology improves perceived AI utility but does not support system understanding. We contribute an in-depth investigation of how communication strategies shape AI trustworthiness perceptions, reveal important drawbacks of existing approaches, and demonstrate how integrating risk communication theory can enable more appropriate trustworthiness assessments.
METAHIT enables comprehensive and flexible genome-resolved microbiome analysis with metagenomic Hi-C

Abstract                                    Metagenomic Hi-C (metaHi-C) augments shotgun sequencing with in-cell proximity information, enabling genome-resolved analysis of complex communities. However, computational tools for metaHi-C remain fragmented and rarely offer end-to-end, comprehensive analysis, and existing pipelines use only chimeric Hi-C pairs while ignoring non-chimeric reads, which often constitute a large fraction of Hi-C libraries. Here, we present METAHIT, an accessible and modular workflow that standardizes metaHi-C from raw reads to genome-resolved outputs. The pipeline provides alignment-derived, assumption-light quality checks, integrates three state-of-the-art Hi-C-based binners by consolidating their outputs into a single, non-redundant metagenome-assembled genome (MAG) set, and, for the first time, reuses informative intra-contig read pairs that other Hi-C workflows discard by identifying shotgun-like reads with an EM model on gap distances and using them for per-bin reassembly. METAHIT also supports Hi-C-guided scaffolding, focused visualizations for scaffold structure, MAG annotation, and mobile genetic element (MGE)–host interactions. Across six habitats spanning host-associated and environmental microbiomes, METAHIT increases the recovery of near-complete and high-quality MAGs relative to established Hi-C baselines, while per-bin reassembly lowers contamination and maintains completeness. Applied to a single sheep-gut long-read metaHi-C sample, METAHIT recovered 929 high-quality genomes, representing, to our knowledge, the highest species richness reported from a single sample, and revealed expanded diversity within                   Erysipelotrichales                   . In the human gut, METAHIT improved contiguity for an abundant                   Bacteroides vulgatus                   MAG via Hi-C–guided scaffolding, identified candidate novel                   Faecalibacterium                   lineages, and resolved MGE–host links involving                   F. prausnitzii                   and the novel                   Faecalibacterium                   MAG. Together, METAHIT delivers standardized, inspection-ready, genome-resolved outputs for comparative, hypothesis-driven microbiome studies across protocols and sequencing modalities.
Level of Knowledge on Sexual and Reproductive Health Rights Among the Teenage Mothers and Their Parents in Rwanda: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

Dan Lutasingwa,1 Alain Favina,2 Moses Ochora,3 Jean Marie Vianney Rukanikigitero,1 Louange Twahirwa Gutabarwa,1 Aflodis Kagaba,1 Mark Mohan Kaggwa4,5 1Department of Research, Health Development Initiative, Kicukiro District, Kigali City, Rwanda; 2Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda; 3Department of Pediatric, Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda; 4Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; 5Forensic Psychiatry Program, St. Joseph Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, CanadaCorrespondence: Dan Lutasingwa, Email dan@hdirwanda.orgBackground: Parents are the primary caregivers and influential figures in adolescents’ lives. They play a crucial role in shaping their children’s attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors regarding sexual reproductive health. A vast difference in knowledge between adolescents and their parents indicates failure in knowledge translation and is associated with sexual and reproductive consequences, such as teenage pregnancies.Methods: In this cross-sectional study between December 2020 and December 2021, 834 teenage mothers and their parents/guardians (n = 861) were enrolled from all five provinces of Rwanda. Knowledge of sexual reproductive health (SRH) rights was assessed, and the differences between the understanding of parents and their children were analyzed using Chi-square tests.Results: There were statistically significant differences for all the assessed aspects of SRH knowledge rights between parents and their teenagers (ie, on the age of consent, safe abortion, right to education for teenage mothers, understanding of financial responsibilities, and perceptions of legal consequences).Conclusion: There is a significant knowledge difference between the two generations regarding their understanding of SRH rights. It is recommended that future programming should devise innovative ways that bring together parents and their children to discuss sexual reproductive health rights, which will result in empowered children and teenagers in Rwanda. Also, awareness programs are needed to improve the knowledge gaps regarding SRH in the public by policymakers, NGOs, and educators.&#x00A0Keywords: teenage pregnancies, parents, Rwanda, sexual reproductive health, knowledge, adolescent mothers
Fast parameter estimation from the cosmic microwave background power spectrum

The statistical properties of a map of the primary fluctuations in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) may be specified to high accuracy by a few thousand power spectra measurements, provided the fluctuations are Gaussian, yet the number of parameters relevant for the CMB is probably no more than ∼ 10-20. Consequently, there is a large degree of redundancy in the power spectrum data. In this paper, we show that the MOPED data compression technique can reduce the CMB power spectrum measurements to ∼ 10-20 numbers (one for each parameter), from which the cosmological parameters can be estimated virtually as accurately as from the complete power spectrum. Combined with recent advances in the speed of generation of theoretical power spectra, this offers opportunities for very fast parameter estimation from real and simulated CMB skies. The evaluation of the likelihood itself, at Planck resolution, is speeded up by factors up to ∼ 10 8 , ensuring that this step will not be the dominant part of the data analysis pipeline.
From the National Laboratory to international collaborations (framing Big Science for the age of science diplomacy)

This chapter offers a framing analysis of the term 'Big Science' to chart its transition in meaning from a notion advertising the national laboratory in the 1960s to one promoting international collaborations and, contingently, publicizing science diplomacy. To accurately chart this terminological shift, the essay first introduces a text-mining analysis of academic literature featuring the notion, and charting changes in frequency of words associated with Big Science, hence showing a change in meaning.
Human-Aware Artificial Intelligence Procedural Content Generation.

Although recent advancements in Machine Learning (ML)-based Artificial Intelligence (AI) generative models enabled a new generation of Computational Creative capabilities unimaginable before, many of them are AI-centric, barring many human creators without an in-depth understanding of these AI models from building effective communications between them and the systems, and utilizing both the expertise of their own and the AI models. My research focuses on Human-Aware Artificial Intelligence Procedural Content Generation (PCG), which centers on empowering creator-aware ways to carry out Procedural Content Generation tasks, enabling more creator-aware information exchange between a human creator and the AI, and abilities for the AI agent to adapt to the specific human creator while collaborating on the fly. In this dissertation, I begin with a discussion of what Computational Creativity means to the human-AI collaborative partnership by illustrating the diversity of Co-creative systems and sketching out the fundamentals of my work. I then present case studies of AI PCG systems utilizing both high-level and fine-grained control knobs with an awareness of the human creative process in mind. Developing on these studies, I cast the spotlight onto Creative-Wand, the toolbox I developed to explore the design space of interactions for Mixed-Initiative Co-Creative (MI-CC) systems, and the benefits of MI-CC systems covering larger portions of the design space. In light of these findings, I demonstrate that human-in-the-loop Reinforcement Learning (RL) can enable human awareness of MI-CC collaborative systems, going beyond controlled generation, learning collaborative delegations, and improving overall experiences. ; Ph.D.
The Legal Frameworks Governing Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and their Impact on Ethical Business Practices: A Comparative Analysis of CSR Regulations in the European Union, United States, and Emerging Markets

This research paper undertakes a qualitative doctrinal comparative legal analysis of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) legal frameworks across three major jurisdictions: the European Union (EU), the United States (US), and selected emerging market economies. Drawing on a systematic examination of statutory instruments, judicial decisions, regulatory directives, and scholarly literature, the study investigates how divergent legal architectures shape ethical business practices among multinational and domestic corporations. The EU's mandatory, directive-driven approach epitomised by the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD) and the Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD) contrasts sharply with the predominantly voluntary, market-driven paradigm prevailing in the United States. Emerging markets, including India, China, Brazil, and South Africa, occupy an intermediate space, blending mandatory disclosure requirements with state-directed development goals. Through doctrinal analysis and cross-jurisdictional comparison, this paper argues that mandatory legal frameworks generate more consistent, verifiable, and transformative impacts on ethical business conduct than their voluntary counterparts. The findings further suggest that the global harmonisation of CSR law, while politically complex, is both legally feasible and normatively desirable for advancing sustainable development, human rights protection, and corporate accountability. The paper concludes by proposing a convergence framework built on principles of proportionality, transparency, enforceability, and stakeholder inclusivity.