ethicalabs/Research-Intent-Collab huggingface dataset:
LEVERAGING SATELLITE NAVIGATION AND EARTH OBSERVATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY AND FOOD SECURITY

Agriculture represents around 15% of the continent’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and employs two thirds of its population and thus, a critical market in African economy. With the downturn of the black gold (oil) market in 21st century and the rapid progress made in the green energy sector and most importantly, food insecurity across the nation, there is an urgent need to exploit the agricultural sector as a pillar of Nigeria’s industrial/agro economy, with the aim of speeding up the development of modern and novel agricultural practices in Nigeria. This is expected to secure the economic health of Nigeria, which is expected, by the United Nations, to have the 3rd largest population in the world by 2045. The paper employs a comprehensive review of the technical foundations of Satellite Navigation (SatNav) comprising of GNSS &amp; SBAS and Earth Observation (EO), the huge opportunity it presents for precision agriculture, application and case studies of yield value over traditional practices, NIGCOMSAT-1R Navigation Overlay Service (NOS) potentials, Livestock Management System including challenges among others. Precision agricultural practice with GNSS and/or SBAS via NIGCOMSAT-1R; Nigerian owned hybrid Communications Satellite with Navigation Overlay Service (NOS) and Earth Observation (EO) will improve and optimize crop yields and productivity, timely management of activities such as weed control, fertilizer application and harvest periods saving costs of inputs for both commercial and small scale farmers in Africa, high yield of dairy and meat production through livestock tracking, guidance and virtual fencing among other cost savings and environmental impact reduction measures. Key recommendation to fast track adoption and technology validation at scale is demonstration with farm sites in practice to facilitate a new dawn of not just being a consumer but playing an important role of being producer of agricultural produce efficiently and sufficiently to end all forms of hunger and malnutrition by 2030 in the continent in line with United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 2 (SDG 2- Zero Poverty Agenda) to which African Governments are committed to.
Coupled molecular-dynamics and finite-element-method simulations for the kinetics of particles subjected to field-mediated forces

A computational approach that couples molecular-dynamics (MD) and the-finite-element-method (FEM) technique is here proposed for the theoretical study of the dynamics of particles subjected to electromechanical forces. The system consists of spherical particles (modeled as micrometric rigid bodies with proper densities and dielectric functions) suspended in a colloidal solution, which flows in a microfluidic channel in the presence of a generic nonuniform variable electric field generated by electrodes. The particles are subjected to external forces (e.g., drag or gravity) which satisfy a particlelike formulation that is typical of the MD approach, along with an electromechanical force that, in turn, requires the three-dimensional self-consistent solutions of correct continuum field equations during the integration of the equations of motion. In the MD-FEM method used in this work, the finite element method is applied to solve the continuum field equations while the MD technique is used for the stepwise explicit integration of the equations of motion. Our work shows the potential of coupled MD-FEM simulations for the study of electromechanical particles and opens a double perspective for implementing (a) MD away from the field of atomistic simulations and (b) the continuum-particle approach to cases where the conventional force evaluation used in MD is not applicable.
Chromatin remodelling and epigenetic state regulation by non-coding RNAs in the diseased heart

Epigenetics refers to all the changes in phenotype and gene expression which are not due to alterations in the DNA sequence. These mechanisms have a pivotal role not only in the development but also in the maintenance during adulthood of a physiological phenotype of the heart. Because of the crucial role of epigenetic modifications, their alteration can lead to the arise of pathological conditions. Heart failure affects an estimated 23 million people worldwide and leads to substantial numbers of hospitalizations and health care costs: ischemic heart disease, hypertension, rheumatic fever and other valve diseases, cardiomyopathy, cardiopulmonary disease, congenital heart disease and other factors may all lead to heart failure, either alone or in concert with other risk factors. Epigenetic alterations have recently been included among these risk factors as they can affect gene expression in response to external stimuli. In this review, we provide an overview of all the major classes of chromatin remodellers, providing examples of how their disregulation in the adult heart alters specific gene programs with subsequent development of major cardiomyopathies. Understanding the functional significance of the different epigenetic marks as points of genetic control may be useful for developing promising future therapeutic tools.
Sample solutions of stochastic ordinary differential equations<sup>∗</sup>

Motivated by the stochastic differential equation in Rn we prove a measurable dependence on parameters theorem for ODEs in case f is only continuous in x∊Rn. This is done by means of a known result about measurable selections of multivated maps. Afterwards we discuss consequences for stochastic ODEs
Human Resource Information System (HRIS): Evolution, Functions, and Strategic Contributions to Modern Organizations

The Human Resource Information Systems (HRIS) have become one of the key elements of themodern human resource management (HRM) as it aids in smoothing organisational processes,reducing administrative load, and enabling strategic decision-making. The system integratesseveral HR functions such as recruiting, training, payroll, performance appraisal, andworkforce planning, into one platform which is digital. The conceptual background, historicaldevelopment, functional design, the application areas, advantages, issues, and strategicimportance of HRIS in contemporary organisations are researched in this manuscript. It alsodiscusses the value of HRIS to the workforce analytics, decision-making, and organisationalperformance, especially in the age of digital transformation, distance working structures anddata-informed management behaviours. The review has come to the conclusion that despitethe challenges in the implementation process, the HRIS will bring significant benefits and willhave a transformative impact on the future direction of the HRM.
Improving Patient Safety and Care Quality: A Multiteam System Perspective

Abstract                                        Purpose                     Early writings about teamwork in healthcare emphasized that healthcare providers needed to evolve from a team of experts into an expert team. This is no longer enough. As patients, accreditation bodies, and regulators increasingly demand that care is coordinated, safe, of high quality, and efficient, it is clear that healthcare organizations increasingly must function and learn not only as expert teams but also as expert multiteam systems (MTSs).                                                           Approach                     In this chapter, we offer a portrait of the robust, and albeit complex, multiteam structures that many healthcare systems are developing in order to adapt to rapid changes in regulatory and financial pressures while simultaneously improving patient safety, quality, and performance.                                                           Findings and value                     The notion of continuous improvement rooted in continuous learning has been embraced as a battle cry from the boardroom to the bedside, and the MTS concept offers a meaningful lens through which we can begin to understand, study, and improve these complex organizational systems dedicated to tackling some of the most important goals of our time.
Has the ‘Responsibility to Protect’ Been a Real Change in Humanitarian Intervention? An Analysis from the Crisis in Libya

Abstract One of the most relevant axiological clashes in the international arena occurs between the concepts of sovereignty and human rights. This clash involves the questions of legality and legitimacy and is highlighted in the practice of humanitarian intervention. An attempt to bridge this gap was made in 2001 with the doctrine of the ‘responsibility to protect’ – adopted in 2005 by the UN. It proposes doctrinal, practical and ethical shifts in the treatment of humanitarian interventions, bringing along a more holistic approach with the proposal of responsibilities to react, to prevent and to rebuild. 7 years after its adoption and in light of the recent development of the military action against Libya, where the ‘responsibility to protect’ was called upon for the first time, the present article analyses the doctrinal, practical and ethical aspects of the ‘responsibility to protect’ aiming to verify whether the doctrine has been a real change in humanitarian interventions.
The Right to Health in International Law: Its Implications for the Obligations of State and Non-State Actors in Ensuring Access To Essential Medicine

A range of international human rights instruments, declarations and resolutions  affirm that good health is a precondition for the enjoyment of all other human rights and for participation in socio-economic and political life. However, many people across the globe (especially in Africa and Asia) lack access to essential medicine. This  article argues that access to medication, treatment and care is an essential element of effective responses to pandemics and other diseases. In particular, it is argued that international law imposes a minimum core (and non-derogable) obligation on states to provide essential medicine. In recognition of the increasing role that private actors are  playing in ensuring access to essential medicine, their human rights obligations relating to access to essential medicine are also explored.
Smart agriculture and the requirements for its application to achieve sustainable food security in the Arab countries

Smart agriculture is an important solution to achieve food security and ensure its sustainability in light of the pressures experienced by&nbsp; the global food system. Many countries have adopted smart farming methods in order to achieve a comfortable food situation while preserving their resources. That smart agriculture is an agriculture that preserves the environment and resources, which makes it a&nbsp; means to reduce the negative effects of climate change , which makes it a suitable solution for Arab countries that suffer from a large&nbsp; food deficit, and although there are some Arab experiences in this field, they are not sufficient given the need for these smart methods in the field of agriculture in order to reduce the problem of food security and preserve resources, Arab countries must take scientific and&nbsp; deliberate steps to adopt smart agriculture.
Zero-shot Generative Model Adaptation via Image-specific Prompt Learning

Recently, CLIP-guided image synthesis has shown appealing performance on adapting a pre-trained source-domain generator to an unseen target domain. It does not require any target-domain samples but only the textual domain labels. The training is highly efficient, e.g., a few minutes. However, existing methods still have some limitations in the quality of generated images and may suffer from the mode collapse issue. A key reason is that a fixed adaptation direction is applied for all cross-domain image pairs, which leads to identical supervision signals. To address this issue, we propose an Image-specific Prompt Learning (IPL) method, which learns specific prompt vectors for each source-domain image. This produces a more precise adaptation direction for every cross-domain image pair, endowing the target-domain generator with greatly enhanced flexibility. Qualitative and quantitative evaluations on various domains demonstrate that IPL effectively improves the quality and diversity of synthesized images and alleviates the mode collapse. Moreover, IPL is independent of the structure of the generative model, such as generative adversarial networks or diffusion models. Code is available at https://github.com/Picsart-AI-Research/IPL-Zero-Shot-Generative-Model-Adaptation.
Accident Investigation and Reporting  Practices in the Construction Industry: Enhancing  Safety and Organizational Learning

With a high rate of workplace accidents, injuries, and fatalities, the construction industry continues to rank among the most dangerous in the world. Effective accident investigation and reporting are essential for enhancing safety management systems, preventing recurrence, and promoting organizational learning in addition to regulatory framework compliance (Lingard et al. 2017, Swuste et al. in 2020 With a focus on their function in risk reduction and a long-lasting safety culture, this paper examines the fundamentals, procedures, and difficulties of accident investigation and reporting in the construction industry. There are suggestions for improving reporting systems in developing contexts, along with case studies and best practices.
Physics and Technology of the Next Linear Collider: A Report Submitted to Snowmass '96

We present the current expectations for the design and physics program of an e+e- linear collider of center of mass energy 500 GeV -- 1 TeV. We review the experiments that would be carried out at this facility and demonstrate its key role in exploring physics beyond the Standard Model over the full range of theoretical possibilities. We then show the feasibility of constructing this machine, by reviewing the current status of linear collider technology and by presenting a precis of our `zeroth-order' design.
Set the Clock: Temporal Alignment of Pretrained Language Models

Language models (LMs) are trained on web text originating from many points in time and, in general, without any explicit temporal grounding. This work investigates the temporal chaos of pretrained LMs and explores various methods to align their internal knowledge to a target time, which we call "temporal alignment." To do this, we first automatically construct a dataset containing 20K time-sensitive questions and their answers for each year from 2000 to 2023. Based on this dataset, we empirically show that pretrained LMs (e.g., LLaMa2), despite having a recent pretraining cutoff (e.g., 2022), mostly answer questions using earlier knowledge (e.g., in 2019). We then develop several methods, from prompting to finetuning, to align LMs to use their most recent knowledge when answering questions, and investigate various factors in this alignment. Our experiments demonstrate that aligning LLaMa2 to the year 2022 can enhance its performance by up to 62% according to that year's answers. This improvement occurs even without explicitly mentioning time information, indicating the possibility of aligning models' internal sense of time after pretraining. Finally, we find that alignment to a historical time is also possible, with up to 2.8$\times$ the performance of the unaligned LM in 2010 if finetuning models to that year. These findings hint at the sophistication of LMs' internal knowledge organization and the necessity of tuning them properly.
Additional file 3: of Toward the precision breast cancer survival prediction utilizing combined whole genome-wide expression and somatic mutation analysis

The Kaplanâ Meier estimator using top 35 mutated genes. The Kaplanâ Meier curves using 35 mutated genes selected by the univariate regression as predictors displayed two very unbalanced survival risk groups. (PDF 15Â kb)
Antimicrobial Resistance in Refugee Settings : Cultural and Operational Barriers to Stewardship and Implications for Humanitarian Health Systems

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an urgent and growing threat to global and humanitarian health systems, particularly in refugee settings where overcrowding, poverty, and fragile infrastructure accelerate the spread of resistant infections. This thesis explores the cultural and operational barriers to antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) in these contexts through a thematic synthesis of existing qualitative research and grey literature. Guided by the WHO health systems building-blocks framework and informed by a people-centred health perspective, the analysis identifies four key barriers that undermine stewardship efforts: gaps in community knowledge and health beliefs, systemic limitations in the health workforce, restricted access to healthcare services, and governance failures. The study reveals how social determinants of health, such as education, living situations and legal status, shape both access to antibiotics and patterns of use.  The thesis argues that humanitarian actors have a pivotal role in adapting AMS strategies to the realities of displacement. This includes developing culturally appropriate health education tools, supporting task-sharing within overstretched health workforces and integrating AMS with broader health interventions. It calls for renewed urgency and cross-sector collaboration to prevent AMR from evolving into a widespread humanitarian crisis, especially in already marginalised populations.
The impact of the African Court of Justice and Human Rights  in promoting Human and People’s rights:  A Case of Tanzania and Mali

The purpose of the study was to investigate the functions of the African Court of Justice and Human Rights in advancing and safeguarding human rights, specifically in relation to cases from Mali and Tanzania. The research analyzed literature from thirty-three published sources. The primary findings indicated that the types of cases brought before the court were alleged violations of civil and political rights, as well as economic, social, and cultural rights. The importance of the court lies in its role in arbitration, review, and interpretation of cases. Nevertheless, the court faces challenges related to financial resources, noncompliance, and lack of cooperation. The study also highlighted the necessity for the court to enhance cooperation as a strategy to improve its effectiveness. It concluded that the withdrawal of member states from the Court distances their citizens from the enjoyment of their freedoms, and the advancement of human rights is hindered by the misalignment of domestic laws with regional and international human rights instruments. Furthermore, the study recommends that the Court should bolster collaboration to tackle financial constraints, that nation states should ratify the protocol, and that the Court should be empowered with the authority to detain government officials who violate human rights.     Received: 11 February 2026 / Accepted: 27 February 2026 / Published: March 2026
Bayesian Deep Learning Framework for Uncertainty Quantification in Stochastic Partial Differential Equations

zbMATH Open Web Interface contents unavailable due to conflicting licenses.
RETRACTED: Life in riverine islands in Bangladesh: Local adaptation strategies of climate vulnerable riverine island dwellers for livelihood resilience

Adaptation is a key tool to reduce the climate change vulnerability of rural people whose livelihood is dependent on agriculture. An appropriate policy and strategy cannot be effective without a proper understanding of peoples’ climate change perception. This study intends to explore the local adaptation strategies of the riverine island (char) dwellers in the face of climate change hazards through a survey of 374 char dwellers living in the flood and riverbank erosion prone geographically isolated areas in Bangladesh. The study reveals almost no difference between the perception of char dwellers and the observed data on climate change. It further reports that the climate impacts make the char households a vulnerable community and minimize their livelihood resilience. A number of local adaptation strategies are adapted by char dwellers in the face of climate change effects which enhance their livelihood resilience. The study further reveals that homestead gardening, changing cropping pattern, tree plantation and migration are the most common strategies adapted by char dwellers. The study suggests that continuous development program and riverine island-based disaster management projects should be executed through an effective monitoring for enhancing char dweller’s livelihood resilience.
Special section on statistics in the atmospheric sciences

With the possible exception of gambling, meteorology, particularly precipitation forecasting, may be the area with which the general public is most familiar with probabilistic assessments of uncertainty. Despite the heavy use of stochastic models and statistical methods in weather forecasting and other areas of the atmospheric sciences, papers in these areas have traditionally been somewhat uncommon in statistics journals. We see signs of this changing in recent years and we have sought to highlight some present research directions at the interface of statistics and the atmospheric sciences in this special section.
OP97 Cost-effectiveness Model Appraisal Guidelines For Health Technology Assessments In Ireland

IntroductionThe National Centre for Pharmacoeconomics (NCPE) assesses the cost-effectiveness of new drugs for which reimbursement by the healthcare payer, the Health Service Executive (HSE), is sought in Ireland. This research aims to create a systematic approach for the NCPE review group (RG) to assess each of the cost-effectiveness models submitted by the applicant by creating cost-effectiveness model appraisal guidelines.MethodsThe RG consists of clinical, statistical and health economic expertise. In order to systematically appraise the HTA submission, which includes a cost-effectiveness model, clear guidelines on how each of the members of the RG can work together are required. The current members of the RG in the NCPE were given a draft of the guidelines created by the primary author, and additional feedback and testing was performed using the expert experience of the team. A version of the guidelines was tested for its usefulness.ResultsThree checklists were created. The purpose of the first checklist is to evaluate if the cost-effectiveness model works correctly. The second checklist ensures that each of the assumptions included in the HTA dossier are the same as those included in the cost-effectiveness model. The final checklist validates the assumptions used in the cost-effectiveness model to ensure they are reasonable and appropriate for decision making. The final version of the checklists were validated by choosing cost-effectiveness models with known errors and/or discrepancies and testing that the issues were captured by the checklists.ConclusionsThese guidelines are not an exhaustive list of checks that should be performed, but are presented as the minimum requirements for consideration to be included with each RG assessment of the corresponding HTA submission. The guidelines will be constantly updated as the process evolves over time. The cost-effectiveness models should follow the National Health Information and Quality Authority (HIQA) Guidelines for the Economic Evaluation of Health Technologies in Ireland.