ethicalabs/Research-Intent-Collab huggingface dataset:
Trended real-world analysis of drug-treated mCRPC: Assessment of a diagnostic and co-management gap despite community practices managing a higher-risk population.

e17038                                                           Background:                     the management of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is increasingly complex, demanding greater multidisciplinary collaboration and reliance on advanced diagnostics. This study quantifies the real-world evolution of co-management, patient risk profiles, and diagnostic testing patterns between US academic and community settings.                     Methods:                     data were extracted from the Ipsos Global Oncology Monitor. We analyzed two consecutive 12-month cohorts of US mCRPC patients on active systemic therapy: 791 patients from Aug '23-Sep '24 and 645 from Aug '24-Sep '25. A year-over-year comparative analysis of patient characteristics, co-management rates, and diagnostic utilization was performed, stratifying by specialty (Oncology vs. Urology) and practice type (Academic vs. Community).                     Results:                     a significant trend towards multidisciplinary care was observed, with overall co-management increasing from 32% to 43% (p &lt; 0.01). This growth was driven exclusively by the academic setting, which saw a threefold increase (18% to 64%; p &lt; 0.01), while the community setting remained stable at 36%. This occurred even as community practices managed a higher-risk patient population, characterized by a dual burden of both more aggressive disease biology (67% vs. 48% with Gleason score 8-10; p &lt; 0.01) and a greater prevalence of significant comorbidities (e.g., hypertension 70% vs. 41% p &lt; 0.01; cardiovascular disease 25% vs. 15%; p &lt; 0.01). Concurrently, the gap in PSMA-PET utilization between Oncologists/Heam Oncs (increasing from 60% to 80%) and Urologists (stationary at ~55-58%) widened significantly. This diagnostic disparity is also correlated with regimen choice, with Urologists favoring more often hormonal-only regimens linked to less frequent (quarterly) PSA testing.                     Conclusions:                     The mCRPC treatment landscape is rapidly consolidating around a co-management model, but this evolution is primarily confined to the academic setting, likely due to the infrastructure required for complex novel therapies. A concerning and widening gap in the adoption of PSMA-PET imaging persists, with urologists lagging significantly behind oncologists. This diagnostic disparity creates a critical barrier to care, as it may limit access to PSMA-targeted therapies for the higher-risk population predominantly managed in the community. These findings highlight an urgent need for educational and system-level changes to harmonize the application of advanced diagnostics and ensure equitable access to modern, evidence-based mCRPC care across all practice settings.
Former Whistleblowers: Why the False Claims Act's Anti-Retaliation Provision Should Protect Former Employees

Since the Civil War, the False Claims Act has served as a tool to combat fraud perpetrated against the government. Early fraud by government contractors during the Civil War was quaint: contractors selling the same horse twice or filling a Union Army contract for sugar with sand. Today, the government recovers billions of dollars annually through actions under the FCA.  Essential to the FCA’s functioning are “relators,” private citizens who serve as whistleblowers incentivized to report fraud by receipt of a percentage of whatever amount the government recovers in damages. The government relies on relators to blow the whistle on fraud—over two-thirds of FCA recoveries since 1986 come from cases brought by relators as whistleblowers. So important are these relators that in 1986 Congress amended the FCA and included an anti-retaliation provision to provide relief for employees who experience retaliation from their employers for reporting fraud.  This Note discusses a recent circuit split over whether the anti-retaliation provision of the FCA protects former employees against post-termination retaliation by their employers, arguing that the anti-retaliation provision extends to retaliation against former employees. In arguing in favor of a more inclusive definition of “employee” in the FCA’s anti-retaliation provision, this Note explores the history and purpose of the FCA, the legislative history of the FCA’s anti-retaliation provision, and the arguments for and against the inclusion of former employees under the provision’s protections. Finally, this Note calls for Supreme Court intervention or congressional action to clarify that the FCA’s anti-retaliation provision protects former employees from post-termination retaliation.
Blockchain-Assisted Federated Learning for Cybersecurity: Combining Isolation Forest, Variational Autoencoders, and Differential Privacy

The complexity of the cyber threats dictates the need for strong, privacy-preservingmechanisms for anomaly detection. This paper introduces a new framework called BAFL, anintegration of Isolation Forest and Variational Autoencoders combined with DifferentialPrivacy, for safe and scalable solutions in cybersecurity applications. Federated Learningallows distributed training across numerous clients without exposure of sensitive information,while the blockchain technology introduces trust and integrity in model updates.
Responsibility to Protect (R2P) : The Reconceptualization of Humanitarian Intervention

I have analyzed humanitarian intervention within the framework of Responsibility to Protect (R2P), particularly in relation to the three statements of my thesis. First, the conceptual aspect of humanitarian is discussed in regards to the definition of sovereignty fostered by the norm, and limitations and constraints on the practice. Secondly, inadequacy of the Chapter VII of the UN Charter to understand the nature and dynamics of conflicts today is dealt and whether the gap is looked up to. Third, the partnership with regional organizations and agencies as imagined by the norm is discussed as to find out whether this approach takes real politics in its consideration about conflict solution. Underneath this split analysis lies the single purpose of understanding humanitarian intervention under the light of Responsibility to Protect (R2P).
Supplementary Table S8 from Prediction of Stage, Grade, and Survival in Bladder Cancer Using Genome-wide Expression Data: A Validation Study

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An analysis of factors likely to impact on the interoperability required for health information exchange in the Health Service Executive as perceived by key informants / [thesis] by Bernie Hyland

This dissertation examined factors which impact on the interoperability required for health information exchange in the HSE, as perceived by key informants. A review of the literature provided an overview of interoperability. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with 14 informants who held national roles in the areas of policy, quality, data, ICT and clinical programmes. The informants were chosen for their positions of influence and experience of information and ICT in the Irish Healthcare system. The sample was drawn from across a number of agencies. The data were analysed through inductive analyses. The informants identified key components required for successful system interoperability: clear organisational structures, roles and responsibilities; a single ICT strategy; effective ICT governance; IT leadership embedded in the business; a framework for the technical building blocks required; the availability of relevant standards and terminologies; financial investment; and enabling policy and legislation. This study found that there were gaps or weaknesses in all of these areas in the HSE and that these formed barriers to interoperability. Fragmentation and duplication across ICT and information management were strong themes to emerge from the interviews. Projects and initiatives underway, which touched on many of the aspects of interoperability, sat under different line management or in different agencies and were not being managed under one framework. Systems and data sets were duplicated and this constituted a corporate risk. It is recommended that an interagency group should oversee the adoption of a single strategy for ICT; that clear ICT governance arrangements are put in place in the HSE; that a project be set up to deal with duplication of systems and data sets; that the required standards be agreed among all stakeholders and responsibility for their development clarified; and that enabling policy be progressed and the required statutory basis be provided for an individual health identifier. A Chief Information Officer, who has both business and ICT competencies, is recommended to oversee the implementation of interoperability in the HSE. Ireland is undergoing a series of healthcare system reforms, including changes to the structures and to the model of care delivery, in preparation for a move to healthcare commissioning paid for through universal health insurance. This provides an opportunity to put in place the factors required for interoperability to meet the needs of the new model of health care and to enable the exchange of health data required for clinical practice and an improvement in quality, safety access and efficiency.
Beyond Cloud: Serverless Functions in the Compute Continuum

Abstract           Serverless computing and, in particular, the Function-as-a-Service (FaaS) paradigm are increasingly popular, promising seamless scalability, simplified operations and flexible pricing. As more and more applications aim to benefit from near-user computation, there is increasing interest in deploying and running FaaS systems in the emerging edge-to-cloud compute continuum of computational resources. However, this new environment forces FaaS systems, originally developed with cloud in mind, to deal with limited resource availability, high hardware heterogeneity, and geographical distributions. In this paper, we discuss the key challenges for deployment and execution of serverless functions in the compute continuum, reviewing recent research contributions on the topic. We also discuss the key issues that remain unsolved and highlight a research opportunities to make FaaS adoption easier and more efficient far from cloud data centers.
Bibliometric Analysis of Business Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Research: Trends, Focus, and Future Directions

This study aims to analyze the development of literature on business ethics and corporate social responsibility (CSR) through a bibliometric approach, using VOSviewer software. By utilizing publication data from various academic sources, this research identifies topic trends, keyword patterns, and collaboration networks between authors in the fields of business ethics and CSR over the past two decades. The analysis results show that major topics in business ethics research include ethics education, the social influence of students, and the implementation of CSR in business practices. Meanwhile, CSR appears to be increasingly central in research linking social, environmental, and economic aspects within the business world. Bibliometric visualization reveals several color clusters representing the main research themes, including the red cluster that reflects the relationship between CSR and business ethics, the blue cluster focusing on corporate behavior and reputation, and the green cluster highlighting sustainability and ethics in education. Additionally, this study identifies a new trend linking CSR with gender diversity and social inclusion in the business context. The findings of this research provide a comprehensive overview of the future direction of business ethics and CSR research and demonstrate how these two topics interact and evolve. This study is expected to be an important reference for academics and practitioners in formulating research agendas and sustainable policies in the future.
Posterior sampling strategies based on discretized stochastic differential equations for machine learning applications

Summary: With the advent of GPU-assisted hardware and maturing high-efficiency software platforms such as TensorFlow and PyTorch, Bayesian posterior sampling for neural networks becomes plausible. In this article we discuss Bayesian parametrization in machine learning based on Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods, specifically discretized stochastic differential equations such as Langevin dynamics and extended system methods in which an ensemble of walkers is employed to enhance sampling. We provide a glimpse of the potential of the sampling-intensive approach by studying (and visualizing) the loss landscape of a neural network applied to the MNIST data set. Moreover, we investigate how the sampling efficiency itself can be significantly enhanced through an ensemble quasi-Newton preconditioning method. This article accompanies the release of a new TensorFlow software package, the Thermodynamic Analytics ToolkIt, which is used in the computational experiments.
Digital phenotyping: redefining mental health through data-driven psychiatry

The concept of "digital phenotype" refers to the digital footprints left by interactions between the patient and their environment. It holds potential for both research and clinical applications, but it challenges our understanding of healthcare by contrasting two distinct approaches to medicine: one focused on disease, aiming to classify and cure conditions, and the other centered on patients, their personal distress, and lived experiences. In the context of mental health and psychiatry, the potential benefits of DP include the creation of new treatment pathways and empowering patients to take control of their own well-being. However, this comes at the cost of sacrificing the fundamental human element of psychotherapy, which is essential for addressing patients' distress. This is the framework for this medical thesis that led to the article "Digital Phenotyping: Data-Driven Psychiatry to Redefine Mental Health," published in the *Journal of Medical Internet Research* (JMIR) in 2023. This work offers a scientific and philosophical discussion on the innovative perspectives and consequences of using DP in mental health, particularly regarding its definitional process. It synthesizes the advancements made possible by DP and highlights the risks this technology may pose. Finally, it provides concrete recommendations on how to develop this technology so that it can benefit healthcare professionals and redefine mental health in a way that encourages patient engagement without alienating them.
Privacy Considerations for Risk-Based Authentication Systems

Risk-based authentication (RBA) extends authentication mechanisms to make them more robust against account takeover attacks, such as those using stolen passwords. RBA is recommended by NIST and NCSC to strengthen password-based authentication, and is already used by major online services. Also, users consider RBA to be more usable than two-factor authentication and just as secure. However, users currently obtain RBA's high security and usability benefits at the cost of exposing potentially sensitive personal data (e.g., IP address or browser information). This conflicts with user privacy and requires to consider user rights regarding the processing of personal data.   We outline potential privacy challenges regarding different attacker models and propose improvements to balance privacy in RBA systems. To estimate the properties of the privacy-preserving RBA enhancements in practical environments, we evaluated a subset of them with long-term data from 780 users of a real-world online service. Our results show the potential to increase privacy in RBA solutions. However, it is limited to certain parameters that should guide RBA design to protect privacy. We outline research directions that need to be considered to achieve a widespread adoption of privacy preserving RBA with high user acceptance.
The Impact of Social Media on Adolescent Mental Health

The emergence of social media platforms has barely changed the way we connect and express ourselves, especially for adolescents, who emerge as some of the biggest users of social technologies. Social media takes many forms, and socially connected niches offer numerous benefits like connectedness, information sharing, and creative engagement, while simultaneously bringing contemporary issues that can significantly challenge the mental health and emotional wellbeing of young users. This research proposal looks at that relationship by examining social media usage and adolescent mental health by reviewing the most current trends, psychological outcomes, and behavioural patterns. The proposed research looks specifically at the frequency of usage, as well as the psychological patterns of anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, body image issues and cyberbullying associated with excessive or egregious levels of usage. The proposed research conducts a qualitative review of several components, such as literature review on social media and psychological effect, surveys, literature reviews, reports, as well as a few case studies looking at social media and mental health, along with adolescent mental health. The goal of the research is to comprehensively review some of the reported psychological benefits and consequences as they relate to overall usage, patterns in posting, type of engagement, and context of social media engagement on adolescent mental health. The study also gives consideration to moderating variables, like parental supervision/over-involvement, peer influence, and controversy around digital literacy. The analysis will emphasize the importance of finding balance while navigating social networks, mindful and critical engagement, healthy demographic and psychographic boundaries, and intentional, and targeted interventions from educators, parents and policy makers. We can find productive environments that create opportunity for connectedness and resilience when using social media use mindfully.
Reliability Analysis of Pyrotechnic Igniter for Hydrogen-Oxygen Rocket Engine with Low Temperature Combustion Instability Failure Mode

To evaluate the functional reliability of the pyrotechnic igniter in the failure mode of unstable combustion at low temperature, a reliability and reliability sensitivity analysis method based on the combination of an interior ballistic model and Kriging reliability method is proposed. Through the deterministic interior ballistic simulation, the failure mode of low temperature unstable combustion of the pyrotechnic igniter is examined, while the random variables are introduced to establish the ignition nonlinear implicit function of the pyrotechnic igniter. The ignition display function of the pyrotechnic igniter is established by the Kriging model, which avoids the repeated calculation of true limit state function values. This study provides an efficient approach to evaluate the ignition reliability of the pyrotechnic igniter and compared with the traditional Monte Carlo method to verify the accuracy of the results. Finally, reliability-based sensitivity indices are presented to quantify the significance of random parameters. It is shown that the influence of the uncertainties can be precisely described, and the diameter of the nozzle plays a dominant role in ignition reliability. Additionally, ignition experiments of nozzles with different diameters were performed to verify the result of sensitivity. This can further support the detailed design of the pyrotechnic igniter.
Applications of AlphaFold beyond Protein Structure Prediction

Abstract                 Predicting structures accurately for natural protein sequences by DeepMind’s AlphaFold is certainly one of the greatest breakthroughs in biology in the twenty-first century. For designed or engineered sequences, which can be unstable, predicting the stabilities together with their structures is essential since unstable structures will not function properly. We found that experimentally measured stability changes of point mutations correlate poorly with the confidence scores produced by AlphaFold. However, the stability changes can be accurately predicted using features extracted from the representations learned by AlphaFold, indicating greater generalizability of AlphaFold to designed or engineered sequences than previously thought. We then used AlphaFold to validate our previously developed protein design method, ProDCoNN, that designs sequences to fold to target protein structures given only the backbone structure information of the target proteins. We showed that ProDCoNN was able to design sequences that fold to structures very close to target structures. By combining a modified ProDCoNN, AlphaFold, and sequential Monte Carlo, we designed a novel framework to estimate the designability of protein structures. The designability of a protein structure is defined as the number of sequences, which encode the protein structure, and is an indicator of the functional robustness of proteins. For the first time, we estimated the designability of a real protein structure, chain A of FLT3 ligand (PDB ID: 1ETE) with 134 residues, as 3.12±2.14E85.
Nurses Experiences of Multi-Cultural and Multi-Language Barriers to Patient Safety and Quality Care during the HAJJ Season

Context: Language and cultural barriers between patients and nurses can contribute to patient safety, dissatisfaction, and poor quality of care, especially with Hajj patients. Effective communication between patients and nurses is key to safe and quality nursing care. Multicultural and multi-language barriers stand in the way of this effective communication, so an in-depth study is needed to describe this phenomenon based on nurses' perspectives.  Aim: This research aims to identify issues and challenges related to the cultural and language differences between patients and nurses during the Hajj season and to describe nurses' experiences in providing care in a multicultural and multi-language healthcare setting during the Hajj season.  Methods: Qualitative descriptive design. Five Hospitals in Makkah Health clusters were selected for this study. A purposive sample of 50 nurses was recruited for this study. The data collection Procedure includes Audio-recorded interviews using semi-structured questionnaires.  Results: Most participants identified language differences in their caring experience for Hajj patients. Because the participants felt unable to communicate with patients effectively, the language barrier affected nursing care. Despite the challenges of taking care of patients with different cultures, the majority of the staff feel it is a good experience for them. The last major theme identified in the study was the understanding of trans-cultural nursing. Most participants were honest enough to tell that they do not know at all that transcultural nursing means. Some participants were familiar with the term but were unsure what it meant or how to explain it, and a few knew the term and its concept.  Conclusion: Nurses had difficulty communicating with patients due to the language barrier. Providing an interpreter or translator, seeking assistance from the patient's relations officer, and using technology such as Google Translate to address this issue are all possible solutions. The study recommends addressing the cultural barriers; all the nurses should attend the education and training on trans-cultural nursing in advance for the staff chosen to work during Hajj.
From equilibrium to nonequilibrium statistical mechanics. Phase transitions and the Fourier law

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