ethanporcaro/eric-fulltext-meta huggingface dataset:
STEM Outreach to Underresourced Schools: A Model for Inclusive Student Engagement
Author: Kaggwa, Ruth J.
Date: 2023-02-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Elementary Schools,Disadvantaged Schools,STEM Education,STEM Careers,Outreach Programs,Learner Engagement,Inclusion,Models,Partnerships in Education,Low Income Groups,Minority Group Students,Race,Learning Activities,Student Interests,Knowledge Level,Program Effectiveness,Student Attitudes,Educational Practices,Educational Resources,Scientists

Diverse backgrounds, viewpoints and experiences in science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) are vital for innovation and creativity in STEM; and yet, racially minoritized groups, such as African Americans and Hispanics, remain underrepresented in the STEM K-12 and career pipeline. Studies show that exposure and access to STEM experiences in the early years are especially effective for increasing interest in STEM careers and intentions to major in STEM. However, these opportunities are often unavailable and inaccessible to underrepresented racialized minority students, particularly those from majority minority schools in low income communities. We describe a model for accessible and inclusive exposure to STEM experiences, enabled by a partnership between elementary schools from low income under resourced, predominantly racialized minority K-5 schools in North St. Louis County, Missouri, and scientists at a non-profit plant science research institution, to provide STEM activities for all students over the course of a single day. The goal was to stimulate students' interest in STEM and related careers, and enrich students and teachers' STEM knowledge. Five &quot;STEM Days&quot; were held at four elementary schools from 2017 to 2019. Feedback from teachers and students revealed positive outcomes, including increased excitement and knowledge gains. Students showed increased STEM interest, and teachers indicated that the new approaches to classroom STEM instruction, despite the brief exposure, were beneficial. Unexpectedly, participating scientists also noted numerous benefits. We share lessons learned and suggest recommendations for practitioners in STEM.
Reimagining School Safety
Author: Reynolds, Heather M.
Date: 2023-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Educational Change,School Safety,Mental Health,Social Emotional Learning,Educational Environment,Restorative Practices

The COVID-19 pandemic and recent racial justice movements have made it very apparent that our current approaches to keeping students safe and healthy in schools need major restructuring and reform. The country lacks mental health supports in many schools at a time when students need them most. Students of color are being punished and removed from schools at much higher rates than white students, and students with disabilities are three times more likely to receive a punitive punishment than their nondisabled peers. With the infusion of federal money into states and schools to help address student achievement losses and mental health challenges as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, there is an opportunity for real change. This is an opportunity to create sustainable systems and infrastructure that help local districts address their most pressing safety needs through districtwide data-driven strategies that show long-term, positive outcomes for the entire school community. This article discusses what our schools need to be welcoming and supportive to all. And more importantly, how policymakers can help support that vision with infrastructure, training, and funding to ensure success and sustainability over time.
Incentivizing Equity: A New Way to Distribute Federal Aid and Spur Adequate Funding for All
Author: Baker, Bruce D.
Date: 2023-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Incentives,Equal Education,Federal Aid,Educational Finance,Elementary Secondary Education,Educational Change

Current federal aid allocation policies do an admirable job of targeting aid to school districts serving the neediest students. But these policies have one significant, underlying weakness: they fail to consider states' effort levels (and their capacities to raise revenue). In this article, the authors propose a new federal aid framework that functions similarly to how state finance systems are supposed to work--that is, by distributing federal aid based on both costs/needs as well as states' and districts' ability and willingness to pay their fair shares of bringing all districts up to a minimum adequate level. As a proof of concept, in their report the authors provide extensive calculations and analysis to simulate one reasonable manifestation of that framework: a voluntary supplemental federal aid program in which eligibility is contingent upon fair share state and local contributions (i.e., minimum effort), and new federal funds fill the gaps between that contribution and adequate funding levels in eligible states. While readers are encouraged to read the full report, a summary of this simulation is offered here showing that what's needed to ensure adequate funding for all districts is reasonable and doable.
Impact of Pet Companionship on Student Development: A Meta-Analysis
Author: Li, Peixuan
Date: 2023-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Student Development,Animals,Physical Health,Mental Health,Social Development,Emotional Development,Academic Achievement,Thinking Skills,Elementary Secondary Education

Animal companionship has been found to have a positive influence on human well-being, and the presence of pets can have a subtle yet significant impact on the healthy development of students. Pet companionship takes various forms across different fields in China and other regions worldwide, and the impact of such companionship remains uncertain. Hence, it is imperative to investigate the impact of diverse forms of companionship and animals on multiple facets of student growth and development. This study employed meta-analysis methodologies to examine 47 effect sizes derived from 12 domestic and international studies on pet companionship. The aim was to investigate the overall trends of the influence of pet companionship on student development as well as the effects of diverse types of companionship and pets on different aspects of student development, including physical and mental health, social-emotional abilities, and academic performance. The objective was to enhance the exploration of approaches for maximizing the utilization of various forms of pet companionship. Furthermore, this research suggests a systematic and incremental approach to enhancing the function of pets within households, educational institutions, and medical facilities. Adequate content and organization are essential for scientific advancement and the development of students. In this particular context, it is possible to optimize the impact of pet companionship on the development of students.
Digital Competence among Young People in Spain: A Gender Divide Analysis
Author: Estanyol, Elisenda
Date: 2023-01-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Digital Literacy,Late Adolescents,Young Adults,Gender Differences,Citizenship,Access to Computers,Disadvantaged

Datafication in today's communicative ecosystem poses a challenge to media and digital literacy, especially with regard to young people's participation and civic and democratic engagement. We address this issue using the notion of digital citizenship, in order to study the gender digital divide as it relates to competence (i.e., skills and knowledge) and the possibility of leveraging said competence to promote civic education grounded in gender equality in the digital environment. For this study, we surveyed a representative sample of 600 young people between the ages of 16 and 18 in Spain to gauge their digital competence through three variables: technical skills, informational skills and critical knowledge. We then performed a descriptive analysis resulting in percentages, means and standard deviations and a bivariate analysis using significance testing (T-tests) between the above variables and the gender variable. Results show a relative balance between men and women in technical and informational digital skills, albeit tipped slightly in favour of women. By contrast, men claim to have more critical knowledge. Based on these results, we discuss the need to consider the contributions of feminist theories in the field of technology to develop proposals for teaching digital competence that encourage active digital citizenship based on gender equality.
Factors Determining the Use of e-Learning and Teaching Satisfaction
Author: Cazan, Ana-Maria
Date: 2023-01-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Educational Technology,Electronic Learning,Predictor Variables,Individual Characteristics,Self Efficacy,Stress Variables,Resilience (Psychology),Teacher Attitudes,Affordances,Satisfaction,Foreign Countries,College Faculty

Even though in 2021 many universities have decided to resume teaching activities face to face, we believe that the use of online applications will remain a feature of the educational system due to the flexibility offered and the learning possibilities. We aim to analyze the predictive role of personal factors, such as self-efficacy, technostress creators, technostress inhibitors, and tolerance to uncertainty in the use of e-learning tools for teaching and in the use of these applications in the context of the uncertainty generated by the pandemic. The sample consisted of 1,517 academics. The results showed that technostress creators mediate the relationships between technostress inhibitors, technology self-efficacy, use of applications, and satisfaction with the use of e-learning platforms. Although the current context is dominated by uncertainty, the hypotheses regarding the direct and indirect effects of uncertainty in the use of online applications in education were partially sustained. The most important finding of our study is that, although the current context is characterized by uncertainty, the negative impact of the resulting higher levels of stress can be counteracted by a high level of technology self-efficacy which, in turn, predicts a greater extent the use of platforms and the satisfaction of using these platforms.
Social Media Influence on Young People and Children: Analysis on Instagram, Twitter and YouTube
Author: Lozano-Blasco, Raquel
Date: 2023-01-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Social Media,Adolescents,Behavior,Information Dissemination,Values,Ideology,Life Style,Clothing,Comedy,Recreational Activities,Social Influences,Children,Content Analysis,Language Usage

Social networking sites are a new ecosystem of social relations in which adolescents follow public figures or influencers: instagrammers, tweeters and youtubers. Their behaviour in the posts they publish become a trend and a model for the new generations. In order to explore these behaviours and their consequences, it is useful to study the behaviour of the 10 instagramers, 10 tweeters and 10 youtubers with the largest number of followers in the world. A mixed method was employed, combining: social media analysis (SNA) methodology executed by monitoring Twitter, Instagram and YouTube accounts and their publications (300 posts with the highest number of likes). The FanapageKarma tool was used to capture data by applying data mining techniques. Subsequently, sentiment analysis was performed using Meaning Cloud software, determining sentiment polarity analysis quantitatively. Finally, a semantic analysis of the content was performed using Nvivo. The results of multi-regression and sentiment's analysis show clear differences between social networking sites. Twitter is a space for critical analysis of information and social movements, especially climate change. In this space adolescents defend their values and ideology. Instagram is a showcase for fashion and beauty, where brands support an idealised and desirable lifestyle. YouTube is a space for entertainment and comedy. It concludes that despite their differences there is one univocal feature, the effort of influencers to capture audiences and establish parasocial relationships.
(Un)Founded Fear towards the Algorithm: YouTube Recommendations and Polarisation
Author: García-Marín, Javier
Date: 2023-01-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Social Media,Video Technology,Algorithms,Political Attitudes,Politics,Eating Habits,Conflict,Feminism,COVID-19,Pandemics,Computer Mediated Communication

Social media have established a new way of communicating and understanding social relationships. At the same time, there are downsides, especially, their use of algorithms that have been built and developed under their umbrella and their potential to alter public opinion. This paper tries to analyse the YouTube recommendation system from the perspectives of reverse engineering and semantic mining. The first result is that, contrary to expectations, the issues do not tend to be extreme from the point of view of polarisation in all cases. Next, and through the study of the selected themes, the results do not offer a clear answer to the proposed hypotheses, since, as has been shown in similar works, the factors that shape the recommendation system are very diverse. In fact, results show that polarising content does not behave in the same way for all the topics analysed, which may indicate the existence of moderators --or corporate actions-- that alter the relationship between the variables. Another contribution is the confirmation that we are dealing with non-linear, but potentially systematic, processes. Nevertheless, the present work opens the door to further academic research on the topic to clarify the unknowns about the role of these algorithms in our societies.
Political Empowerment among Young Voters: Social Media, Partisanship and the Moderating Role of Political Interest
Author: Tariq, Rehan
Date: 2023-01-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Young Adults,Voting,Empowerment,Social Media,Political Attitudes,Foreign Countries

Despite recent efforts to examine the political outcomes of social media use, little is known about the reinforcement of political empowerment and moderating effect of political interest. It is vital to understand the elements that influence the level of political empowerment. Therefore, this paper used a sample of Pakistani voters (n=410) aged 18-29 to offer insight into how social media use alongside other political behaviors, such as partisanship, political expression, and political interest, affect political empowerment. Social Identity Theory (SIT) and rational choice theory provided the theoretical underpinning for the variables of this study. The statistical analyses were performed using Partial Least Squares (PLS) to assess the effects of four variables i.e., social media use, political partisanship, political expression, and political interest, on political empowerment. This study made a significant contribution to the research literature by combining SIT and rational choice theory in one framework. This study also expands the literature on political interest by introducing political interest as a moderator between the inconsistent relationship of political expression and political empowerment. Our results demonstrated that partisanship and social media use positively influenced political expression among young voters. Moreover, political interest positively moderated the relationship between political expression and political empowerment.
News Literacy and Online News between Egyptian and Spanish Youth: Fake News, Hate Speech and Trust in the Media
Author: Samy-Tayie, Sally
Date: 2023-01-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Misconceptions,Media Literacy,Social Bias,Trust (Psychology),College Students,Student Attitudes,Web Sites,News Media,Social Media

Exposure to harmful content, fake news, and hate speech, calls to question whether citizens are 'responsible' when it comes to their online news behavior. This exploratory study aims to positioning news literacy as a mediating factor toward fostering civic responsibility by investigating its role in enhancing youth's online news experience and preparing them against harmful content. News literacy is defined as a multi-structural construct with three main constituents: motivation, knowledge, and skills. The study's main goal is accomplished through delving into youth's online news experience, and assessing their level of news literacy through a mixed methods approach relying on focus group discussions as a qualitative method and survey as a quantitative method. The study is applied to a sample of youth from Egypt and a sample of youth from Spain, on whom comparative analysis is conducted. Findings reveal a positive correlation between news literacy and: the ability to identify fake news, the ability to identify hate speech, engagement with news, caring about the veracity of content before sharing, and motivation to seek news. Negative perceptions about professional news media's performance have been expressed by respondents from both countries, with the main justification being that news media are not fulfilling their role as should be.
Teachers as Curriculum Leaders in Secondary Schools in Vhembe District, South Africa
Author: Bessong, Rebecca
Date: 2022-12-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Teacher Leadership,Secondary Schools,Foreign Countries,Curriculum Development,Student Centered Learning,Teaching Methods

In the study reported on here we investigated how teachers exercised their role as curriculum leaders in secondary schools in South Africa. The study was conducted in 4 schools (2 semi-urban and 2 rural) in the Vhembe district of South Africa. Semistructured individual interviews, focus-group discussions (FGDs), and lesson and meeting observations were used to generate data from 20 teachers. This study was framed within Grant's (2012) model of teacher leadership. We engaged an exploratory multiple-case study, and 20 teachers were purposively and conveniently sampled. The findings reveal that teachers executed their role as curriculum leaders through engagement in instructional, school-based curriculum development (SBCD) for curriculum implementation and curriculum activities in the schools and in the communities. From the outcome we recommend the provision of sufficient resources and infrastructure to enhance learner-centred pedagogy, thus maximising learner's learning.
Comparative Analysis between a STEM-Based Learning Process and Traditional Teaching
Author: López-Belmonte, Jesús
Date: 2022-12-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: STEM Education,Technology Uses in Education,Teaching Methods,Foreign Countries,Secondary School Students,Student Motivation

The use of technology in education has modified teaching and learning processes. New concepts such as science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) are changing traditional learning. The purpose of STEM education is to prepare students for university engineering courses and higher technical education. The main aim of the study reported on here was to understand the influence of a STEM-based teaching process in different socio-educational dimensions. This was done by comparing the results achieved with a traditional expository teaching process with different groups of students. A quasi-experimental design was applied. A sample of 231 Spanish students from the first year of secondary education (ESO) was chosen. The results show that the STEM approach was significant in all the dimensions of study and, according to teachers, was more influential for student motivation and grades. The results also show that the STEM teaching approach was significant in all the dimensions of study. These dimensions are motivation; teacher-student, student-content and student-student interactions; autonomy; collaboration; depth of content; resolution of problems; class time, student ratings; and teacher ratings. According to teachers, the strongest influence was on the students' motivation and qualifications.
Algorithms and Communication: A Systematized Literature Review
Author: García-Orosa, Berta
Date: 2023-01-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Algorithms,Artificial Intelligence,Communications,Holistic Approach,Journalism,Democracy,Ethics,Scientific Research,Research Methodology,Automation,Audiences

The influence of algorithms on society is increasing due to their growing presence in all areas of daily life. Although we are not always aware of it, they sometimes usurp the identity of other social actors. The main purpose of this article is to address the meta-research on the field of artificial intelligence and communication from a holistic perspective that allows us to analyze the state of academic research, as well as the possible effects on these areas and on the democratic system. To this end, we carried out a systematized review of recent literature using quantitative and qualitative approaches. The subject analyzed is changing and novel: it includes the impact and interaction of algorithms, bots, automated processes, and artificial intelligence mechanisms in journalism and communication, as well as their effects on democracy. The results show expanding scientific production, mostly in English, based on theoretical discussion or focused on the perception of communication professionals. The object of study is centered mostly on journalism and democracy, and to a lesser degree on ethics or education. Studies indicate great interest in the effects of the use of algorithms on journalism and democracy, but the answers are still uncertain and the challenges for the coming years are significant.
Big Data and Business Intelligence on Twitter and Instagram for Digital Inclusion
Author: Barroso-Moreno, Carlos
Date: 2023-01-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Data Collection,Social Media,Spanish,English,Data Analysis,Digital Literacy,Technological Literacy,Pedagogical Content Knowledge,Teaching Methods,Citizenship,Disabilities,Inclusion,Access to Education,Correlation,Gender Differences,Content Analysis,Political Attitudes,Economic Factors,Nonprofit Organizations,Altruism,Trend Analysis,Computer Software,Artificial Intelligence,Algorithms,Social Problems,Business,Social Networks,Maps,Persuasive Discourse

Social media can contribute to an inclusive society, but they are also asymmetrical and polarised communication spaces. This requires competent teachers to build critical digital citizenship. The aim of this article is twofold: to present web scraping and text analytics as tools that define teachers' digital competences, and to investigate which posts on Twitter and Instagram are most viral in relation to education, disability and inclusion. A total of 48,991 publications in Spanish and English were analysed, corresponding to the period from 13 October 2021 to 1 May 2022. The 100 most viral posts were selected, and correlations were identified between the sentiment, gender and influence associated with the content, its temporal and geographic space. The results show that economic and political influence groups are the most viral, relegating non-profit organisations or individuals with altruistic outreach to second place; only on international days is this trend reversed. Bots do not interfere to impose messages; it is artificial intelligence algorithms that overshadow vindictive and humanistic content. The most influential people are predominantly male, associated with institutional accounts in the political sphere. It is concluded that Big Data and Business Intelligence tools help teachers to analyse relevant educational and social issues, and to acquire a collective ethic in the face of new educational challenges.