ethanporcaro/eric-fulltext-meta huggingface dataset:
Determination of Perception of Community of Inquiry
Author: Olpak, Yusuf Ziya
Date: 2016-06-23
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Electronic Learning,Data Collection,Surveys,Higher Education,Distance Education,Sampling,Content Analysis,Graduate Students,Factor Analysis,Masters Degrees,Business Administration Education,Blended Learning,Likert Scales,Online Courses,Educational Environment

Community of inquiry (CoI) is the conceptual framework which describes critical prerequisite factors for deep and meaningful learning in online learning environments. Based on the literature concerning the CoI framework, it can be observed that studies in which three factors in the model (cognitive, social and teaching presence) were investigated have been increased as scales to determine perception towards CoI have been developed, which thus made it possible to work on relatively larger sampling groups effectively and to increase generalizability of findings. In this context, within the scope of the present research, by investigating different data collection tools developed by different researchers, studies aiming to determine CoI perception by means of a scale were investigated in detail. Research results reveals that the CoI survey instrument developed by Arbaugh et al. (2008) has been widely accepted in the literature; and that the instrument has been adapted to number of languages such as Turkish, Korean and Arabic; and employed in diverse disciplines such as education, business and health care.
University Students' Metacognitive Failures in Mathematical Proving Investigated Based on the Framework of Assimilation and Accommodation
Author: Huda, Nizlel
Date: 2016-06-23
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Metacognition,Mathematics Education,Problem Solving,Qualitative Research,Interviews,Test Items,Mathematics Tests,Undergraduate Students,Foreign Countries,Equations (Mathematics),Student Attitudes

This study aimed to determine students' metacognitive failure in Mathematics Education Program of FKIP in Jambi University investigated based on assimilation and accommodation Mathematical framework. There were 35 students, five students did not answer the question, three students completed the questions correctly and 27 students tried to solve problems but unfortunately made the same mistake. Out of 27 students involved in the study, two students were taken as the research subjects. The research was a qualitative research; while the research instruments is the test items on proving the mathematical equations. The research data was the result of the students' works and transcripts of interviews about the activities of metacognition of the problem solving. The benefits of the research could be used as a material consideration and metacognitive information regarding the failure of students in mathematical proofs. The results were obtained from the data from two research subjects, namely student one (S1) and student two (S2). The S1 used assimilation process as much as 7 times and the accommodation process as much as 4 times with failure metacognitive, such as metacognitive blindness, mirage metacognitive, and metacognitive vandalism. The S2 used a process of assimilation as much as 12 times and accommodation process as much as 6 times with the metacognitive failure only the metacognitive vandalism.
Teachers' Loyalty to Their Supervisors and Organizational Commitment
Author: Çelebi, Nurhayat
Date: 2016-06-23
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Teacher Persistence,Teachers,Supervisors,Employer Employee Relationship,Job Satisfaction,Organizational Culture,Foreign Countries,Data Collection,Correlation,Organizational Effectiveness,Sampling,Probability,Likert Scales,Predictor Variables,Statistical Analysis,Multiple Regression Analysis,Supervisor Supervisee Relationship,Teacher Attitudes,Employee Attitudes,State Schools,Principals,Teacher Administrator Relationship,Teacher Motivation,Teacher Characteristics,Employees,Employers,Questionnaires

A number of studies on teachers' organizational commitment based some findings of western context in Turkey. But some of the characteristics prove that organizational issues cannot be resulted with the terms in Western World. One of the new concepts in organizational issues for Eastern culture is loyalty to supervisor (in school context supervisor means principals). That new term focus on employees' commitment to a person rather than system or organization. Therefore this research aims to reveal relationship between the teachers' loyalty to supervisors and commitment to their organizations. The participants of the study consist of 412 teachers who serve in a city in Turkey. The results of the study showed that there were strong and significant relationships between the dimensions of loyalty to supervisors and teachers' organizational commitment in Turkish context. But one of the most fundamental result showed that affective, continuance and normative commitments were predicted by different dimensions of teachers' loyalty to their principals.
Analyzing Parental Involvement Dimensions in Early Childhood Education
Author: Kurtulmus, Zeynep
Date: 2016-06-23
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Parent Participation,Early Childhood Education,Parent Surveys,Parent Attitudes,Parent Child Relationship,Enrichment Activities,Child Development,Foreign Countries,Likert Scales,Semi Structured Interviews

The importance of parental involvement in children's academic and social development has been widely accepted. For children's later school success, the first years are crucial. Majority of the research focuses on enhancing and supporting parental involvement in educational settings. The purpose of this study was to analyze dimensions of parental involvement in early childhood education. It was seen that parents have tendency to attend parent conferences at school. Study also indicated that parents' involvement level was moderate regarding to children's learnings at school. Parents reported low involvement level in terms of participating in classroom activities with their children and encouraging them. Study also showed that parents were in need of being supported in redirecting children's activities and attending classroom activities with them.
Philosophy for Children: Capacity Evaluation of Humorous Stories in &quot;Masnavi&quot; Based on &quot;Lipman's Views on Philosophical Thinking Components&quot;
Author: Fard, Fateme Azamat madar
Date: 2016-06-23
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Philosophy,Children,Humor,Critical Thinking,Creative Thinking,Caring,Story Reading,Critical Reading,Childrens Literature,Empathy,Content Analysis,Qualitative Research

The aim of this research is to study humorous tales in &quot;Masnavi&quot; according to Lipman's views on &quot;Philosophical thinking components&quot;. To achieve this goal, first, Lipman's components of philosophical thinking were identified and divided into three dimensions of critical, creative and caring thinking components. In the second part, using deductive analysis method and based on the theoretical framework provided in the first part, the triple components were identified and analyzed in three humorous tales of &quot;Masnavi&quot;. Research findings showed that critical thinking components, in terms of frequency, have given more richness to stories. In the next stage, caring thinking components were more present in stories and components of creative thinking were also in the final stage. It is suggested that teachers in their lessons use stories that have more philosophical potential due to more components. In addition, it is recommended that children's literature authors interested in creating stories with intellectual and philosophical themes, be inspired by the components of this research to write their stories. Children's literature authors are also recommended to rewrite the stories of this research for two age-groups of children and adolescents. Rewriting stories should not neglect any component of the source texts.
Principal's Perceived Leadership Effectiveness and Its Relationship with Academic Achievement among Students in Secondary School: The Ethiopian Experience
Author: Feyisa, Dessalegn
Date: 2016-06-23
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Principals,Leadership Effectiveness,Academic Achievement,Secondary School Students,Correlation,Foreign Countries,Instructional Leadership,Secondary School Teachers,Questionnaires,Grade 10,Likert Scales,Educational Quality,Sample Size,Grade Point Average,Data Analysis,Statistical Analysis

The school principal's role in determining the academic achievement of students has been an agenda of controversy among scholars in the field of educational leadership. Several studies, have been carried out, over the years, to resolve this controversy. However, the findings so far have not produced consistent outcomes pointing to the need for further research in differing socio-cultural settings. The main objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between secondary school principals' leadership effectiveness as perceived by secondary school teachers and students' academic achievement West Hararghe Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia. For this, the study employed correlation design comprising of eight randomly sampled secondary schools. In this study, a total of 190 teachers were selected using a proportional random sampling technique to fill in a standardized questionnaire on the leadership effectiveness of their school principals. Out of 3321 students who sat for Grade 10 national examinations in 2014, the Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) scores of 440 students was selected from the sampled schools using proportional random sampling technique. A standardized questionnaire with five-point Likert scales was used to measure the leadership effectiveness of principals whereas CGPA of students on Grade 10 national examination was used to measure students' academic achievement. The findings of the study showed that the experience of principals was not significantly correlated with their corresponding leadership effectiveness. The findings also showed that the principals level of education was significantly negatively correlated with principals' leadership effectiveness (R = -0.866, p &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, the study findings showed that there was no significant correlation between a school principal's leadership effectiveness and students' academic achievement. The latter finding implies that there was no direct relationship between school leadership and students' academic achievement. In addition, the findings suggest that the relationship between principals' level of education, service year, and leadership effectiveness was not direct. The researchers, therefore, recommended further research on a large scale and in different contexts to come up with more valid and generalizable finding.
Application of Learner Corpora to Second Language Learning and Teaching: An Overview
Author: Xu, Qi
Date: 2016-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: English (Second Language),Second Language Learning,Computational Linguistics,Second Language Instruction,Interlanguage,Linguistic Theory,Language Research,Expertise,Contrastive Linguistics,Teaching Methods

The paper gives an overview of learner corpora and their application to second language learning and teaching. It is proposed that there are four core components in learner corpus research, namely, corpus linguistics expertise, a good background in linguistic theory, knowledge of SLA theory, and a good understanding of foreign language teaching issues (Granger, 2009). Based on the above components, the present paper first introduces learner corpora, then reviews literature concerning the application of corpus linguistics to SLA by means of contrastive interlanguage analysis, and at last discusses the relationship between learner corpora and foreign language teaching.
The Development of Children's Web Searching Skills--A Non-Linear Model
Author: Enochsson, AnnBritt
Date: 2005-10-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Online Searching,Search Strategies,Skill Development,Information Skills,Information Literacy,Ethnography,Interviews,Internet,Qualitative Research,Questionnaires,Statistical Analysis,Language Skills,Technological Literacy,Elementary Secondary Education,Foreign Countries

Introduction: The aim of this article is to determine the various skills necessary for seeking information on the Internet in educational settings. Throughout the article there is also an aim to present the students' perspective on possibilities and difficulties when using the Internet. Methods: The approach is ethnographic, which requires various data collection methods. In total 110 students in four different settings have participated. Analyses: The analyses were partly made with the help of the software NUD*IST for qualitative analyses, where sentences both from interviews and field notes were coded. Some analyses were of qualitative nature and based on selected material from the coded texts. Others were strictly quantitative and compared data from coded qualitative material with questionnaires and computer logs in a database sheet. In ethnographic analyses the material is read several times and compared in different ways to see what themes will emerge. In this case the respondents have also commented upon the result. Result: The students regard six different skills as fundamental: language, knowledge about the technology, knowledge about different ways of information seeking, how search engines work, setting goals and being critical.
Environmental Scanning: How Developed Is Information Acquisition in Western European Companies?
Author: Benczúr, David
Date: 2005-10-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Occupational Surveys,Mass Media Effects,Mass Media Role,Mass Media Use,Hypothesis Testing,Telephone Surveys,Interviews,Literature Reviews,Information Technology,Business Administration,Questionnaires,Influence of Technology,Technological Advancement,Foreign Countries

Introduction: A number of theoretical works focus on the potential revolutionary impact of the Internet and other Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) upon Competitive Intelligence, but only a few empirical research papers can be found on it. Is the real impact still unknown, or is it too insignificant to talk about? The present paper searches for the answers to this question both in literature and on the field, focusing on the point where the impact is expected to be the greatest: Information Gathering. Method: Important empirical essays in academic literature were overviewed, including American and also French surveys. Based on literature, hypotheses were established and tested on an existing database, containing information on more than 500 firms collected over two consecutive years. The sample was constructed through telephone interviews and was destined to test the effect of information and communication technologies on several aspects of management. Analysis: Hypotheses were classed into seven groups with respect to the influence of external environment, internal structure and development of IT on the information acquisition activities of firms. Quantitative methods were used to carry out tests on the sample. Results: Internal structure shows only partial influence, but for IT and external environment, the correlation was high. On the other hand, firms are still underdeveloped. Conclusion: The presented results provide better understanding of the level of development of Information Gathering in firms and of the factors influencing it, and suggest new ways for further research in order to understand why firms are still underdeveloped.
Scanning the Business External Environment for Information: Evidence from Greece
Author: Kourteli, Liana
Date: 2005-10-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Access to Information,Business,Questionnaires,Industry,Statistical Analysis,Hypothesis Testing,Institutional Characteristics,Information Sources,Environmental Influences,Organization Size (Groups),Likert Scales

Introduction: This paper examines the business external environment scanning theory for information in the context of Greece. Method. A questionnaire was developed to explore the relationships between general and task business environment, perceived uncertainty, scanning strategy, and sources of information with respect to type of environment, size and industry. The research was based on a sample of 144 private organizations operating in North Greece. Analysis: Data collected were analysed using SPSS. The statistical procedures of chi-squared homogeneity test, ANOVA, Duncan's test of homogeneity of means, and related samples t-test were followed for testing the hypotheses developed. Results: The results show that perceived uncertainty of the general and task business external environment factors depend on the type of the environment, size of organization, and industry where the organizations operate; organizations adapt their scanning strategy to the complexity of the environment; personal sources of information seem to be more important than impersonal sources; external sources of information are equally important with internal sources; and higher levels of environmental uncertainty are associated with higher levels of scanning the various sources. Conclusion: Business external environment scanning of information is influenced by the characteristics of the organizations themselves and by the characteristics of the external environment within which the organizations operate. The study contributes to both environmental scanning theory and has important messages for practitioners.
Combining Ethnographic and Clickstream Data to Identify User Web Browsing Strategies
Author: Clark, Lillian
Date: 2006-01-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Online Searching,Information Seeking,Web Browsers,Internet,Search Strategies,Ethnography,Web Sites,Users (Information),Mixed Methods Research,Data Collection,Data Analysis,Classification,Graphs,Hypermedia,Research Methodology,Questionnaires,Observation,Foreign Countries,College Students

Introduction: The strategies that people use to browse Websites are difficult to analyse and understand: quantitative data can lack information about what a user actually intends to do, while qualitative data tends to be localised and is impractical to gather for large samples. Method: This paper describes a novel approach that combines data from direct observation, user surveys and server logs to analyse users' browsing behaviour. It is based on a longitudinal study of university students' use of a Website related to one of their courses. Analysis: The data were analysed by using Footstep graphs to categorise browsing behaviour into pre-defined strategies and comparing these with data from questionnaires and direct observation of the students' actual use of the site. Results: Initial results indicated that in certain cases the patterns from server logs matched the observed browsing strategies as described in the literature. In addition, by cross-referencing the quantitative and qualitative data, a number of insights were gained into potential problems. Conclusion: This study shows how combining quantitative and qualitative approaches can provide an insight into changes in user browsing behaviour over time. It also identifies some potential methodological problems in studies of browsing behaviour and indicates some directions for future research.
What Defines &quot;Enough&quot; Information? How Policy Workers Make Judgements and Decisions during Information Seeking: Preliminary Results from an Exploratory Study
Author: Berryman, Jennifer
Date: 2006-07-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Information Seeking,Government Employees,Public Sector,Policy Formation,State Government,Public Policy,Decision Making,Discovery Processes,Research Methodology,Semi Structured Interviews,Data Analysis,Context Effect,Problem Solving,Goal Orientation,Time Perspective,Stress Variables,Feedback (Response),Benchmarking,Scheduling,Evaluative Thinking,Data Collection

Introduction: Reports findings from research in progress investigating judgment and decision making during information seeking in the workplace, in particular, the assessment of enough information. Characteristics of this judgment and the role of context in shaping it are framed against theories of human judgment and decision making. Method: Thirty-three semi-structured interviews were conducted with public sector policy workers in Australia. Two interviews were carried out, the first with individual participants and the second, a joint interview with two participants. Interviews were taped and transcribed and inductive data analysis carried out. Findings: Findings discussed in this paper focus on contextual factors that frame policy workers' judgment and decision making while information seeking, factors including ill-structured problems, shifting goals, time stress and action-feedback loops. Also revealed was the importance of developing a framework, against which the judgment of enough information can be made, and the fluid and iterative nature of these judgments. Conclusion: The contextual factors reported show similarities with those identified by naturalistic decision making researchers, suggesting this new field of decision theory has much to offer researchers into information seeking in context.
Some Features of &quot;Alt&quot; Texts Associated with Images in Web Pages
Author: Craven, Timothy C.
Date: 2006-01-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Web Sites,Visual Aids,Metadata,Web Browsers,Information Retrieval,Correlation

Introduction: This paper extends a series on summaries of Web objects, in this case, the alt attribute of image files. Method: Data were logged from 1894 pages from Yahoo!'s random page service and 4703 pages from the Google directory; an img tag was extracted randomly from each where present; its alt attribute, if any, was recorded; and the header for the corresponding image file was retrieved if possible. Analysis: Associations were measured between image type and use of null alt values, image type and image file size, image file size and alt text length, and alt text length and number of images on the page. Results: 16.6% and 17.3% of pages respectively showed no img elements. Of 1579 and 3888 img tags randomly selected from the remainder, 47.7% and 49.4% had alt texts, of which 26.3% and 27.5% were null. Of the 1316 and 3384 images for which headers could be retrieved, 71.2% and 74.2% were GIF, 28.1% and 20.5%, JPEG; and 0.8% and 0.8% PNG. GIF images were more commonly assigned null alt texts than JPEG images, and GIF files tended to be shorter than JPEG files. Weak positive correlations were observed between image file size and alt text length, except for JPEG files in the Yahoo! set. Alt texts for images from pages containing more images tended to be slightly shorter. Conclusion: Possible explanations for the results include GIF files' being more suited to decorative images and the likelihood that many images on image-rich pages are content-poor.