ethanporcaro/eric-fulltext-meta huggingface dataset:
A Case for Administrators of Color: Insights and Policy Implications for Higher Education&apos;s Predominantly White Institutions
Author: Wolfe, Brandon
Date: 2013-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: College Administration,Administrators,Disproportionate Representation,Minority Groups,African Americans,Hispanic Americans,Educational Policy,Diversity (Institutional),Barriers,Personnel Selection,Affirmative Action,Holistic Approach,Group Dynamics,Inclusion,Educational Finance,Faculty Promotion,Leadership Training

The underrepresentation of administrators of color in higher education is one of the most important ethical dilemmas facing colleges and universities today. Arguably, in no place is this more evident than at historically white colleges and universities (majority institutions). Prior to the 1960s, the lack of administrators of color in higher education's Predominantly White Institutions (PWIs) was viewed as common place and a cultural normative due to the existence of segregation and widespread racism during that era. It was not until the American Civil Rights Movement that higher education was forced to expand, at which point, state and federal civil rights mandates--prompted by social justice concerns--began to challenge institutions that excluded minorities (Chang, 2005). Many of these mandates became known as affirmative action policies. Mostly race-sensitive in nature, these affirmative action policies aimed to increase access and opportunities for promotions, salary increases, and career advancement for minority employees. However, not all PWIs immediately welcomed the demand for a culturally diverse leadership upon their campuses (Arthur &amp; Shapiro, 1995; Kawewe, 1997; Payne, 2004; Perna, Gerald, Baum, &amp; Milem, 2007; Wilson, 1995). Studies on university hiring practices revealed that in many instances, once a minority hiring goal was met, departments stopped seeking minority applicants. In some cases, institutions took direct and intentional action to cease the recruitment of minorities (e.g., by pulling their ads from minority publications) regardless of the number of vacancies that occurred from then on (Wilson, 1995). Meanwhile, over time, legal disputes to affirmative action programs began to expose flaws amidst the policy's good intentions. Over 40 years after the American Civil Rights Movement, many of today's college and university policy makers have shown a willingness to embrace racial diversity. However, efforts to do so have proven that positioning a diverse administrative leadership to reflect the values, issues, and concerns on campus is a multidimensional and complex task (Cabrera, Nora, Terenzini, Pascarella, &amp; Hagedorn, 1999; Holmes, Ebbers, Robinson, &amp; Mugenda, 2000; Jackson, 2004; Jackson &amp; Rosas, 1999; Watson, Terrell, Wright, Bonner, Cuyjet, Gold, Rudy, &amp; Person, 2002). The purpose of this article is to summarize scholarship on the challenges of increasing administrative representation for people of color in higher education and to address implications for policy and practice.
Reforms in Greek Education 1991-2011: Reforms or Something Else?
Author: Saiti, Anna
Date: 2013-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Educational Change,Program Effectiveness,Educational Innovation,Educational Policy,Program Implementation,Educational History,Educational Legislation

Reform is often based on the principle that there is always a better alternative to the current situation. Given that education, among other characteristics, also has a high economic value, then the pursuit of a &quot;better&quot; education (and hence the recognition of meaningful reforms that are sustainable in the long-term, and the optimal adjustment of the educational organizations to new environmental elements so that their needs are met) becomes crucially important at critical times. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of the educational reforms that have taken place in the Greek educational system (at all levels of education) over the last few years. This study supports the view that if Greece wants to overcome the crisis in the economy and implement substantial educational reforms it should be prepared to follow a stable, long-term and innovative educational policy (without serving mainly political goals) that calls for the systematic treatment of all educational problems in an environment of constructive and realistic dialogue with all relevant groups, and, most importantly, ensures that the school system has the capacity to implement and sustain the educational reforms.
Turning Challenges into Opportunities for Educational Leaders
Author: Psaltis, Iacovos
Date: 2013-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Barriers,Educational Administration,Qualitative Research,Literature Reviews,Books,Journal Articles,Mass Media,Learning Experience,Discourse Analysis,Content Analysis,Change Strategies,Leaders Guides,Opportunities

The main objective of this paper is to put forward the idea that the bipolar challenges that educational leaders are confronted with can be addressed instead as complementary opportunities. The research paradigm employed in this study is qualitative and the research approach consists mainly of literature review from books, journals and mass media, triangulated with experiential learning from my service in education over 35 years. Data analysis is carried out through contents and discourse analysis. Globalisation is usually blamed for undermining national autonomy by local authorities, who are either incapable or unwilling to address local challenges instead of utilising them as opportunities for exploration; tradition and modernity should not be viewed as a bipolar, but as a natural progression; short-term planning, being the breakdown of long-term planning should be faced as an intertwined process, while competition might take a positive perspective if it were viewed as a goal of reaching one's optimal expectations. Finally, spirituality and materialism may coexist when a happy medium is struck in how these are pursued through education.
Students&apos; and Human Rights Awareness in Secondary Schools&apos; Environment in Delta State
Author: Akiri, Agharuwhe A.
Date: 2013-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Civil Rights,Secondary School Curriculum,Secondary School Students,Questionnaires,Student Surveys,Familiarity,Knowledge Level,Constitutional Law,Access to Information,Likert Scales,Childrens Rights,Foreign Countries

The paper reviewed the concept of human rights, possible origin and relevance to human society in general and the school system in particular. It evaluated people's level of awareness of these rights amongst students and teachers of secondary schools in Delta Central Senatorial District. The stratified random sampling technique was adopted to select the sample size of students and teacher used for the study, in a descriptive survey design research. The instrument used was the three scale questionnaire, designed by the researchers to collect data for the study. The simple percentage was used as statistical tool for the analysis of data. The findings indicated among others, that there is limited awareness of the fundamental rights amongst secondary school students and teacher. The study recommended inter alia, that the state should seek to consciously promote fundamental Human Rights Awareness, by making the study of subjects which contains elements of the constitution as core, especially for those in the Primary and Secondary level of Education.
Towards Cognitive Load Theory as Guideline for Instructional Design in Science Education
Author: Meissner, Barbara
Date: 2013-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Guidelines,Cognitive Ability,Instructional Design,Science Instruction,Heuristics,Science Experiments,Instructional Effectiveness,Learning Processes,Learning Theories,Elementary School Students,Secondary School Students,Pretests Posttests,Grade 5,Statistical Analysis,Foreign Countries

We applied cognitive load theory in an heuristic out-of-school science lesson. The lesson comprises experiments concerning major attributes of NaCl and was designed for 5th to 8th grade students. Our interest focused on whether cognitive load theory provides sufficient guidelines for instructional design in the field of heuristic science education. We extracted student clusters derived from pre-knowledge and learning success. We characterised students, based on cognitive achievement, mental effort, and instructional efficiency. Cluster analyses revealed three student clusters with quite satisfying results. Two further clusters showed improvable results, two showed no learning success, which may point to difficulties in coping with the learning setting. Motivational characterisation will refine the results, and may confirm starting points to advance cognitive load theory in heuristic science education.
Authentic Education: Visualising Education in a Deeper Perspective
Author: Watagodakumbura, Chandana
Date: 2013-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Critical Thinking,Learner Engagement,Constructivism (Learning),Social Change,Brain,Creativity,Special Education,Gifted

Authentic education is presented in this paper from a multidisciplinary perspective; it is viewed and discussed mainly from the perspectives of psychology, pedagogy, neuroscience and machine learning. It addresses the individual psychological and neurological differences and guide individuals to reach higher levels of human developments. Especially, high emotional, intellectual and imaginational sensitivities are accepted as enriching a neurodiverse society, rather than constraining it. Further, the learners undergo a deep-learning and critical thinking process in a manner that is natural to human brain functioning as a parallel processor, as opposed to a robotic machine that operates sequentially at a high speed. As studies in neuroscience reveal, when learning takes place deeply, dendrites within the human brain are capable of growing into denser networks giving a physical meaning to our learning. Authentic education unifies different perspectives from multiple disciplinary areas in to a useful measure that can be implemented in educational practice. In this way, we visualise education in a deeper sense that is not seen usually in a contemporary society, and pave the way for a significant positive social change.
Subjectivation, Democracy and Cosmopolitics
Author: Burgos, Rosa Nidia Buenfil
Date: 2013-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Democracy,Global Approach,Cultural Pluralism,Models,Democratic Values,Identification

The topic of subjectivity has been the object of permanent, intense and diverse inquiries from various areas of study. In this presentation I will question the crux of subjectivation within the framework of a democratic horizon and cosmopolitical discussion. The position of this paper is postfoundational; it revisits the critique of the subject as the source and origin of meaning; it adheres to the Wittgensteinian notion of meaning as the use of an expression within the play of language; it subscribes to the paradoxical interpretation of democracy (Mouffe) and a pluralistic cosmopolitical point of view in the face of a conciliatory cosmopolitanism.
Policy Issues in the Administration of Higher Education in Nigeria
Author: Ogbogu, Christiana O.
Date: 2013-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Higher Education,Educational Administration,Educational Facilities,Educational Finance,Foreign Countries,Governance,Gender Differences,Educational Policy,Educational Change,Tuition,Policy Analysis,Employer Attitudes,Teacher Shortage,College Faculty,Sex Fairness,Competition

This paper evaluates policy initiatives in the Nigerian higher educational system with a view to bringing it in line with good practices. Issues of gender, management/governance, teaching, research and funding were discussed. The study revealed that government's funding is insufficient to maintain institutional performance because of the policy stance of non-payment of tuition fees at undergraduate level. It advocates policy reforms that support cost sharing with students but with appropriate mix of scholarships to enable students pay prescribed fees. The paper indicated that participatory governance is appropriate in administering universities because of its capacity to involve relevant stakeholders in decision-making. The paper highlighted that, teaching and research in Nigerian Universities are not responsive to employers' requirements; and new policy initiatives geared towards ameliorating the situation are hampered by shortage of staff, inadequate funding and poor physical facilities. The paper found that gender inequality in higher education is a social problem which has necessitated the creation of centres for mainstreaming gender in the system. The study concluded that for Universities and other higher educational institutions in Nigeria to remain self-reliant, self-steering and able to survive in a competitive world; various higher education policies should be effectively institutionalized and operationalised.
Effect of Demonstration Method of Teaching on Students&apos; Achievement in Agricultural Science
Author: Daluba, Noah Ekeyi
Date: 2013-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Agricultural Education,Teaching Methods,Achievement Tests,Secondary School Students,Reliability,Academic Achievement,Quasiexperimental Design,Sampling,Statistical Analysis,Demonstrations (Educational),Foreign Countries,Instructional Effectiveness,Lecture Method,Agriculture,Pretests Posttests

The study investigated the effect of demonstration method of teaching on students' achievement in agricultural science in secondary school in Kogi East Education Zone of Kogi State. Two research questions and one hypothesis guided the study. The study employed a quasi-experimental research design. The population for the study was 18225 senior secondary two (SSII) students in 195 secondary schools. Six (6) secondary schools were used for the study using purposive random sampling technique. In each of the school selected, two intact classes of the SSII were used. Four hundred and eighty (480) students in the twelve intact classes constituted the sample for the study. The instrument for data collection was a 30-item &quot;Agricultural Science Achievement Test&quot; (ASAT). Using Kuder Richardson 20 (K-R20) formula, a reliability index of 0.78 was obtained. Research questions 1 and 2 and the only hypothesis were answered using mean, standard deviation and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) at 0.05 level of significance. The result of study revealed that demonstration method had significant effect on students' achievement than those taught with the conventional lecture method. Useful recommendations such as: efforts should be made by teachers to thoroughly integrating demonstration method in the teaching of agricultural science in secondary schools; efforts should be intensified by teachers to aggressively adopt demonstration method in teaching agricultural science in all classes at the secondary school level were proffered.
Rethinking Education for Sustainable Development in Africa
Author: Dipholo, Kenneth B.
Date: 2013-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Indigenous Knowledge,Educational Theories,Holistic Approach,Educational Policy,Policy Formation,African Culture,Economic Development,Sustainable Development,Conflict,Foreign Countries

This paper makes a case for a revalorization of all indigenous knowledges in general and African indigenous knowledges in particular. It invites African policy makers and intellectuals to do a little more to bring indigenous knowledges within African educational stream with the view to increasing the potentials of development in Africa. Since there exists a variety of educational theories, including the functionalist, the conflict, the critical, the pragmatic and the afrocentric educational theories, the paper advises that the adoption of the pragmatic and afrocentric educational theories will integrate African indigenous knowledges and current educational systems and thereby promote the development of a holistic African educational system. Consequently, three recommendations have been proffered that will enhance the development of indigenous knowledges and integration of same within the current African educational system.
Effect of Sports Club Activities on the Physique and Physical Fitness of Young Japanese Males
Author: Noguchi, Takanori
Date: 2013-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Males,Team Sports,Physical Fitness,Foreign Countries,Clubs,Comparative Analysis,Longitudinal Studies,Tests,Technical Education,Secondary School Students,Extracurricular Activities,Physical Activities,Physical Development,Statistical Analysis

This study compared the growth and development of the physique and physical fitness of young Japanese males who belong to sports clubs and those who did not based on longitudinal data obtained over four years. Physique and physical fitness tests were administered to 253 healthy male technical college students four times from the 9 to 12 grade. Subjects were divided into two groups: those who did not belong to an extra-curricular sports club (control group: CG, n = 126), and those who belonged to sports clubs (exercise group: EG, n = 127). Sit-ups, side-stepping, 20 m shuttle run, 50 m run and handball throwing tests and a total score were superior in the EG compared to the CG. Differences between the two groups in body mass, Rohrer's index, six physical fitness tests (except for a handgrip and 50 m run), and the total score increased with grade. The CG was inferior in overall physical fitness to the EG, especially in whole body endurance. It is highly possible that sports club activities significantly and positively affect the growth and development young males during the growth period under 19-years-old and that inactivity inhibits the development of whole body endurance.
Impediments to Quality Research in Business Education in Nigeria Tertiary Institutions
Author: Umoru, Titus A.
Date: 2013-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Postsecondary Education,Business Administration Education,Educational Research,Educational Quality,Questionnaires,Teacher Surveys,Teacher Attitudes,Research Problems,Likert Scales,Hypothesis Testing,Change Strategies

Research is a systematic investigation towards increasing the sum of human knowledge. Research in business education is aimed at increasing knowledge in the discipline and providing solutions to problems relating to curriculum, program evaluation and overall improvement in the teaching and learning process. There is no doubt that very high quality research in business education would lead to improvement in educational practice which Nigeria needs direly in order to break into the bracket of the twenty most developed economies in the year 2020. This study explored the impediments to the quality of business education research in Nigeria tertiary institutions. The researcher constructed 32 questionnaire items from research reports relevant to the study. The questionnaires were validated using Product Moment Coefficient which yielded a reliability coefficient of 0.81. A total of 159 questionnaire items were administered on 96, 38 and 25 business educators from Colleges of Education, Polytechnics and universities in Nigeria respectively and all the questionnaires were completed and retrieved. The Research Question &quot;what are the impediments to the quality of business education research in Nigeria tertiary institutions?&quot; was answered using mean rating and standard deviation. The Hypothesis of no significant difference in the mean responses of business educators from Colleges of Education, Polytechnics and Universities regarding the impediments to the quality of business education research was tested using Analysis of Variance. The study revealed that all the constructs studied constituted impediments to the quality of business education research in Nigeria tertiary institutions. It was recommended, among others, that researchers in the field of business education should ensure that only quality information is used in the research process so that research results would significantly influence changes in the directions desired.
A Closer Look at Information Systems Graduate Preparation and Job Needs: Implications for Higher Education Curriculum Enhancements
Author: Simon, DeShea
Date: 2013-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Information Systems,Graduate Study,Labor Needs,Curriculum Enrichment,Literature Reviews,Skill Analysis,Educational Needs,Job Skills,Career Readiness

A historical review of the literature surrounding IS skill requirements was conducted for this study to provide the changes in IS over the past several decades. Providing a historical look at the literature will place into perspective the fact that the field changes rapidly, causing the need for the IS professional to also continuously change. The results of the investigation revealed that a consensus exists regarding the perceptions of the skills needed for the IS worker.
Organizational Citizenship Behavior, Job Satisfaction and Commitment to School: Is There Any Significant Difference between Male and Female Teachers?
Author: Jenaabadi, Hossein
Date: 2013-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Job Satisfaction,Gender Differences,Elementary School Teachers,Factor Analysis,Correlation,Models,Questionnaires,Males,Teacher Attitudes,Single Sex Schools,Foreign Countries,Statistical Analysis,Structural Equation Models

This research investigated the gender differences in job satisfaction, organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior in sample included 200 male and 200 female teachers and 80 male managers in boy elementary schools in Zahedan. Data was collected by means of questionnaires and was analyzed through Factorial Analysis of Variance, Pearson Fisher Correlation, Structural Equations Modeling, and Multiple Regression. The results show that the mean of female teachers in variables is significantly more than male teachers, but the correlation between variables is significantly more in male teachers. Moreover the modified models of intrinsic job satisfaction, organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior in male teachers have fitted well with data. Although the standard coefficients of direct and indirect effects were more in the models of male teachers, but they did not have significant difference with female teachers standard coefficients. The male teachers' model explained more variance of organizational citizenship behavior. The results have been discussed with emphasis on the reasons of gender differences.
Using High School Football to Promote Life Skills and Student Engagement: Perspectives from Canadian Coaches and Students
Author: Camiré, Martin
Date: 2013-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Team Sports,Athletic Coaches,Foreign Countries,Males,Student Attitudes,High School Students,Student Participation,Interviews,Focus Groups,Student Motivation,Dropouts,Private Schools

In Canada, adolescent boys have been shown to have a higher high school dropout rate compared to girls. This situation is particularly evident in the country's second largest province by population, Quebec. The sport of Canadian football has recently gained in popularity in Quebec as many people believe that the sport can be used to promote both life skills and student engagement. The present study's purpose was to document coaches' and students' perspectives on student development through participation in high school football. Nine coaches and 18 students were interviewed through individual and focus group interviews and shared how they believe that students benefited personally and academically from playing high school football. Nevertheless, both coaches and students faced several challenges during the season that influenced the benefits students gained from their participation in sport. Findings suggest that high school sport, and more specifically high school football, can facilitate the positive development of students. However, to effectively promote student engagement, coaches must continually put in place strategies that help maintain students' motivation toward school.