ethanporcaro/eric-fulltext-meta huggingface dataset:
Education and Professional Training of Undergraduate Medical Students Abroad
Author: Farrukh, A.
Date: 2014-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Medical Students,Medical Education,Study Abroad,Professional Education,Professional Training,Student Experience,Cultural Differences,Cultural Context,Separation Anxiety,Research Needs,Foreign Students,Teaching Methods,Intermode Differences,Cross Cultural Studies,Educational Practices,Foreign Countries

During the last twenty years there has been a significant growth in the training of overseas students especially within the European Union. This development has been paralleled by the emergence of off-shore medical schools in the American hemisphere. These facilities are to be found in both traditional established universities as well as less robust institutions. This review will deal specifically with students trained within established universities far from their own communities. It will concentrate particularly on the European Union where there are now more than 20 such English Parallel courses. The review considers the experience of students studying in a foreign culture with different teaching and learning norms. It suggests the need to develop support networks and to encourage the emergence of specialist cultural advisors with links across the European Union to ensure that the specific needs of such students should be considered for when they return to their home communities. The long-term benefits of building a trans-European medical workforce are also discussed briefly.
The Presence of Polish Academics on Social Networking Websites for Academics, Using the Example of Employees of Nicolaus Copernicus University
Author: Stachowiak, Beata
Date: 2014-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: College Faculty,Social Networks,Foreign Countries,Web Sites,Universities,Cooperation,Interviews,Electronic Publishing,Teacher Attitudes,Faculty Publishing,Research

The purpose of this article is to present the opportunities provided for researchers and academics by social networking websites in the context of their professional work. Moreover, the paper discusses the level of penetration of social websites by Polish academics on the example of Nicolaus Copernicus University (NCU) researchers. The results indicate that the level of presence of Polish academics on the academic social networking sites is small. Also, noticeable are the differences between the representatives of various areas of science. The author reflects on the reasons for such poor presence of Polish academics in the academic cyberspace.
Swedish Folk High Schools (&quot;Folkhögskolor&quot;): Past and Present. A Look from the Polish Perspective
Author: Maliszewski, Tomasz
Date: 2014-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Folk Schools,Educational History,Educational Philosophy,Statistical Analysis,Foreign Countries,Adult Education,Informal Education,Educational Change,Graduates

The article presents an outline of the history of Folk High Schools in Sweden. The analysis includes mainly social and political determinants of their functioning in Poland's northern neighbor. The main trends of the evolution of social functions of these institutions has also been presented in the article encompassing 145 years of their functioning: from the educational center for peasantry (before 1918) --through the educational institution catering for the needs of social movements (1918-1968) to the concept of &quot;skola för alla&quot; (Eng.: School for All). Because of the gaps in international writing in this scope, an emphasis has been put on ideas concerning the origins of Folk High Schools in Sweden as well as on a quantitative analysis of their activities during the last decades. The entire analysis has been presented against the background of Polish interests concerning the Swedish &quot;folkhögskolor&quot; (and &quot;folkbildning&quot;) from the half of the 19th century until the present day.
Empirical Findings on the Career Paths of Aspiring Elementary School Teachers
Author: Bobeth-Neumann, Wiebke
Date: 2014-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Elementary School Teachers,Career Development,Principals,Occupational Aspiration,Teacher Promotion,Teacher Attitudes,Administrator Attitudes,Ethnography,Change Strategies,Qualitative Research,Observation,Foreign Countries,Semi Structured Interviews,Participant Observation

This is a study about teacher careers to elementary school principals. The aim of this contribution is to reconstruct the strategies guiding aspiring elementary school principals in their careers and to analyse those in order to answer the question: How do elementary school teachers manage to become principals? To obtain qualitative data elementary school teachers and new principals in Schleswig-Holstein were interviewed. An ethnographic approach consisting of observational research in qualification measures for principals enabled further insights. The analysis of the empirical data was accomplished using the documentary method and the theoretical concepts of Bourdieu and Goffman. The different forms and paradigms of inner orientation of the status passage into the position of principals are analysed and condensed into types.
Use of Audiovisual Texts in University Education Process
Author: Aleksandrov, Evgeniy P.
Date: 2014-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Audiovisual Aids,Technology Uses in Education,Technology Integration,Educational Technology,Educational Practices,Teaching Methods,Instructional Materials,Social Sciences,Humanities Instruction,Media Selection,Media Adaptation,College Curriculum,Selection Criteria

Audio-visual learning technologies offer great opportunities in the development of students' analytical and projective abilities. These technologies can be used in classroom activities and for homework. This article discusses the features of audiovisual media texts use in a series of social sciences and humanities in the University curriculum.
Who Make Effective Teachers, Men or Women? An Indian Perspective
Author: Islahi, Fatima
Date: 2013-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Teacher Effectiveness,Gender Differences,Statistical Analysis,Demography,Marital Status,School Location,Teacher Education,Language of Instruction,Secondary School Teachers,Likert Scales,Questionnaires,Correlation

The article aims to discuss the effectiveness of male and female teachers in relation to demographic factors like marital status, training, location and medium of instruction. These issues have important implications to understand and evaluate teachers' effectiveness especially in view of the changing sex ratio of school teachers. Correlation, t-test, and ANOVA were employed on a sample of 482 teachers comprising 245 males and 237 females. Overall, male and female teachers exhibited insignificantly different effectiveness however variations were noticed with respect to different demographic factors. The paper concludes by arguing that since the quality of education being delivered, generally, has been considered as a function of teachers' degree of effectiveness, there is a need for both substantive and methodological focus on gender specific responsibilities and requirements, in order to take out maximum from male and female teachers to produce high degree of effectiveness in their profession.
Multimedia and Technology in Learning
Author: Mantiri, Franky
Date: 2014-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Technology Uses in Education,Multimedia Materials,Information Technology,Computers,Influence of Technology,Information Seeking,Internet,Computer Simulation,Visual Literacy,Cost Effectiveness,Copyrights,Information Storage,Teacher Student Relationship,Privacy,Computer Security

This essay explores the use of computer technology and multimedia in students learning. Undoubtedly, the advent of computer technology has changed the way humans learn and do things. Moreover, &quot;Computer has become standard equipment&quot; (Bitter &amp; Pierson, 2002) in everyday life. The ability to process data in a real time has helped teachers and learners to learn and obtain data and information more rapidly. Despite of all the advantages of having computer as tools for learning, the disadvantages and challenges existed. Issue such as copyright, less face-to-face interaction in education, as well as privacy continues to be the greater challenge in the use of technology. Regardless of the disadvantages and challenges of technology use in education however, the benefits of it outweighs when it comes to learning and the much readily available of information and opportunities of varieties of information that are otherwise challenging.
Learning by Employing Educational Multimedia in Field-Dependent and Field-Independent Cognitive Styles
Author: Karamaerouz, Mohamad Javad
Date: 2013-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Cognitive Style,Multimedia Instruction,Academic Achievement,English (Second Language),Females,Secondary School Students,Language Tests,Teacher Made Tests,Statistical Analysis,Instructional Effectiveness,Creative Thinking,Memory

Cognitive learning styles are relatively fixed procedures using which individuals receive, process and organize information. This paper aims to examine academic achievement in English for both field dependence and field independence learning styles using educational multimedia. The sample of the study consisted of 40 second-grade female students of secondary school in Kermanshah. The instrument used in the study was The Group Embedded Figures Test (GEFT) and a teacher made English test. Results which were analyzed by t-test indicated that instruction based on field dependence style with using multimedia works were more effective in improving students' creative thinking performance in student than field independence. Also in field dependence style students will have a better memory to memorize verbal information, whereas in field independence one students act analytically toward the main subject materials. Interestingly, in field dependence style students have a higher interest in continuing their study than in field independent style, as a result they are more successful in utilizing what their environment according to their needs.
The Impact of Behavioral-Social Disorders on Students' Education Drop-Off
Author: Laei, Soosan
Date: 2014-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Underachievement,Behavior Disorders,Measures (Individuals),Adolescents,Likert Scales,Questionnaires,Validity,Reliability,Gender Differences,Academic Achievement,Statistical Analysis,Secondary School Students

Experts believe that adolescence is more challenging than childhood and is of critical importance. It is the period when the youth must be able to seek a philosophy for life and find an identity. Unfortunately nowadays most youths cannot learn developmental tasks successfully. The present descriptive study aims to identify pathological social-behavioral disorders and their impact on students' underachievement. The sample of the study consisted of 480 students aged between 12 and 17. Instrument of collecting data was a researcher-made likert-like questionnaire with 53 items, 15 positive and 38 negative. The face validity of the questionnaire was calculated with the Agreement coefficient formula. After calculating the consensus opinion of 20 experts, the questions whose coefficient of agreement was less than 70% were eliminated. Its reliability was also calculated as 85%, using Cronbach alpha coefficient. Results showed that the rate of disorders in both male and female students will be equal if the overall level of disorders is considered separately. However, when a certain kind of disorder is considered, some differences are visible in both groups. Disorders include incompatibility, irritability, risk acceptance, indecisiveness, irresponsibility, feeling guilty, lack of trust in others, disrespect for authorities. The impact of these disorders on underachievement is more significant in girls than that of boys.
Assistive Technology and Mathematics Education
Author: Akpan, Joseph P.
Date: 2014-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Assistive Technology,Technology Uses in Education,Mathematics Instruction,Teaching Methods,English Language Learners,At Risk Students,Academically Gifted,Disabilities,Educational Technology,Simulation,Video Games,Educational Games,Content Area Writing,Financial Support

Educators and caregivers now have the opportunity to individualize and differentiate instructions with many technological devices never before available. Assistive Technology is being introduced in the classroom at all levels as a tool for teachers to help deliver instruction to all students. Assistive Technology is widely used to ensure appropriate educational opportunities to all students, including ELL students, students at risk, and students being considered as gifted and talented. The purpose of this article is to describe various assistive technology devices as mathematics tools to help all struggling students, not just students with disabilities, overcome math difficulties.
Implementation of Early Childhood Education: A Case Study in Nigeria
Author: Oluwafemi, Osho Lauretta
Date: 2014-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Early Childhood Education,Case Studies,Preschool Teachers,Questionnaires,Interviews,Observation,Measures (Individuals),Program Implementation,Teacher Student Ratio,Language of Instruction

Early Childhood Education (ECE) is the education given in educational institutions to children prior to entering the primary schools. Recently, there have been heightening concerns raised by stakeholders concerning the quality of education in Early Childhood Development and Education (ECDE). This paper assesses the level of implementation of ECE in Chanchaga local government area, a local government in one of the north-central states in Nigeria. The sample size was 32 teachers, selected from 10 schools (out of 31 in the local government area). Questionnaire, interviews, and observations were used as research instruments. The study found out that while the enrolment level is high and, appreciably, there are teachers who specialize in ECE, basic teaching/learning and other basic resources are sparsely available, and most of the ECE centers are overpopulated. Employment of more ECE specialist teachers, training/retraining of caregivers/teachers, and provision of necessary resources would go a long way to actualize effective implementation in the local government.
Adversity Quotient and Defense Mechanism of Secondary School Students
Author: Nikam, Vibhawari B.
Date: 2013-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Secondary School Students,Defense Mechanisms,Gender Differences,Online Surveys,Measures (Individuals),Correlation,Self Control,Locus of Control,Resilience (Psychology),Student Attitudes,Foreign Countries,Questionnaires

The present study was conducted to explore the relationship between Adversity Quotient (AQ) and Defense Mechanism (DM) of secondary school students. The aim of the study was to ascertain relationship between Adversity Quotient and Defense mechanism i. e. Turning against object (TAO), Projection (PRO), Turning against self (TAS), Principalisation (PRN) and Reversal (REV). Another aim of the study was to find out whether there exist any difference between the level of AQ and DM of boys and girls. The sample included 156 girls and 152 boys (aged from 13 years to 15 years) selected randomly from Uran region of Raigad District, Maharashtra State, India. Inventory by Dr. N. R. Mrinal and Dr. Uma Mrinal was used for data collection of Defense Mechanism. Online Adversity Quotient profile® tool by Dr. Paul Stoltz was used for data collection of Adversity Quotient. Data analysis revealed that there is no correlation between Adversity Quotient and Defense Mechanism of secondary school students. Data analysis also revealed that there are no significant differences in the level of AQ and Defense mechanism of boys and girls.
German in the Workplace: Workplace Learning for Immigrant and/or Ethnic Workers
Author: Zimmer, Veronika
Date: 2014-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Workplace Literacy,Workplace Learning,German,Immigrants,Ethnic Groups,Communicative Competence (Languages),Ethnography,Migrant Workers,Transcripts (Written Records),Learning Modules,Questionnaires,Multiple Choice Tests,Group Discussion,Interviews,Educational Research,Educational Practices,Foreign Countries

Although the importance of communicative competences in the workplace is conjured up in most discussions, there is little empirical research (in Germany) describing formal and informal communications in companies and branches with a high percentage of immigrant workers, particularly in the production sector. The study group &quot;Deutsch am Arbeitsplatz/German in the workplace&quot; (DaA), made up of researchers and practitioners, has responded to the urgent need to provide empirically based support for language development for immigrant employees, using instruments of company ethnography and linguistic analysis (DaA1). The follow-up project DaA2 has developed and carried out a training scheme for providers and teachers based on the findings of DaA1. The train-the-trainers concept has been evaluated.
The Effect of Inquiry-Based Learning Method on Students' Academic Achievement in Science Course
Author: Abdi, Ali
Date: 2014-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Science Instruction,Academic Achievement,Inquiry,Learning Processes,Teaching Methods,Elementary School Students,Grade 5,Control Groups,Experimental Groups,Achievement Tests,Pretests Posttests,Statistical Analysis,Quasiexperimental Design,Measures (Individuals),Statistical Distributions

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of inquiry-based learning method on students' academic achievement in sciences lesson. A total of 40 fifth grade students from two different classes were involved in the study. They were selected through purposive sampling method. The group which was assigned as experimental group was instructed through inquiry-based learning method whereas the other group was traditionally instructed. This experimental study lasted eight weeks. To determine the effectiveness of inquiry-based learning method over traditional instruction, an achievement test about sciences which consisted of 30 items was administered as pre-test and post-test to students both in the experimental and control groups. For the statistical analysis, Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was used. The results showed that students who were instructed through inquiry-based learning were achieved higher score than the ones which were instructed through the traditional method.
Aspirations and Expectations: Comparing Scientist and Teacher Views as a Source of Ideas for Teaching Evolution
Author: Weiss, Matthias
Date: 2014-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Evolution,Science Instruction,Scientists,Teacher Attitudes,Comparative Analysis,Science Activities,Controversial Issues (Course Content),Instructional Materials,Science Teachers,Scientific Concepts,Secondary School Teachers,Secondary School Science,Misconceptions,Teacher Competencies,Teaching Methods,Elementary School Science,Experiments,Qualitative Research,Semi Structured Interviews

Biological evolution still lacks representation in school, especially below high school level. In order to find new implications that could help achieve significant improvement in teaching evolution, twelve expert interviews with both renowned researchers and experienced science teachers were conducted. Results of the comparison between the mindsets of scientists and teachers yield the five recommendations that could significantly improve the teaching practices of biological evolution: (1) Evolution should be taught as early as possible and should be exposed as the central concept of biology. (2) Despite the large theoretical framing of biological evolution, many occasions occur for hands-on, creative, and even experimental class-room-activities. (3) Biological evolution allows discussing controversial scientific concepts, illustrating the scientific way to gain knowledge. Thereby, misconceptions held by students could be changed towards a scientific perspective. (4) Biological evolution topics are well suited to practice reflection and evaluation skills, equipping students with the keys to answer questions humans have. (5) Since effective teaching can only succeed with capable teachers, new teaching and training materials for biological evolution issues should be developed.
Constructing Occupational Identities: How Female Preschool Teachers Develop Professionalism
Author: Kim, Mina
Date: 2013-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Professional Identity,Preschool Teachers,Females,Early Childhood Education,Feminism,Biographies,Interviews,Observation,Teacher Role,Socioeconomic Status,Faculty Mobility,Educational Attainment

This study explores how female teachers construct their occupational identities as teachers within early childhood education (ECE) settings. The combination of feminist scholarship and the use of teacher life history method allow these women to describe themselves as professionally trained and educated teachers who love teaching and children even though they are suffering from low pay and a generalized social image that preschool teachers are just &quot;babysitters.&quot; These seven female teachers exhibited unique concept of professionalism: passion, dedication, and commitment to ECE field.
K-5 Literacy Education: A Comparison between American Common Core State Standards and Chinese National Curriculum Standards
Author: Zhang, Haiyan
Date: 2014-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Literacy Education,Comparative Analysis,Academic Standards,State Standards,National Standards,Curriculum Design,Reading Skills,Writing Skills,Listening Skills,Knowledge Level,Ability,Emotional Experience,Student Attitudes,Values,Indo European Languages,Problem Solving,Peer Teaching,Interpersonal Relationship,Sino Tibetan Languages,Affective Objectives,Communicative Competence (Languages),Poetry,Cultural Education

Literacy education is the most important part in school education and its efficiency determines the students' achievements in their future education and career. In 2010, the Common Core State Standards (CCSS) were released, which aimed to provide common standards for K-12 public school students in the whole country to improve the educational quality in the U. S. The goals of language literacy in CCSS were illustrated from four dimensions: standards for reading, writing, speaking and listening, and language, which was from the micro-perspective of language learning. In CCSS, English Language Arts Reading is emphasized and the teaching aims, teaching contents, language skills, and the function of new technology was proposed to guarantee the quality of the literacy education. In 2011, Chinese National Curriculum Standards (NCS) was released. The goal of NCS for language learning was designed based on three dimensions: knowledge and ability, process and methods, and emotion, attitude, and values, which was from the macro-perspective of language learning. This paper introduced the background of the implementation of the two curriculums, compared the components and goals between the American CCSS and Chinese NCS, as well as the characteristics of each curriculum to try to find out the implications for each other.