ethanporcaro/eric-fulltext-meta huggingface dataset:
Authentic Education, the Deeper and Multidisciplinary Perspective of Education, from the Viewpoint of Analytical Psychology
Author: Watagodakumbura, Chandana
Date: 2014-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Psychology,Interdisciplinary Approach,Gifted,Learning Processes,Cognitive Style,Spatial Ability,Visual Perception,Constructivism (Learning),Taxonomy,Neurosciences

In this paper, the authentic education system defined with multidisciplinary perspectives (Watagodakumbura, 2013a, 2013b) is viewed from an additional perspective of analytical psychology. Analytical psychology provides insights into human development and is becoming more and more popular among practicing psychologist in the recent past. In addition to human development frameworks already used in defining the mentioned authentic education system, the new viewpoint from analytical psychology gives further insights into the applicability of the concepts and features presented in describing the said system. The main concepts of analytical psychology such as conscious/unconscious, psychological types, the shadow, the self and archetypes are used in elaborating further on the concepts and features of the authentic education system with multidisciplinary perspectives. Consequently, much broader perspectives of the authentic education system discussed are highlighted in this paper.
Debating International Learner Assessments as a Proxy Measure of Quality of Education in the Context of EFA--A Review Essay
Author: Mulongo, Godfrey
Date: 2014-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: International Assessment,Educational Quality,Quality Assurance,Outcomes of Education,Educational Indicators,Equal Education,Debate,Literature Reviews,Achievement Gap,Achievement Rating,Benchmarking,Convergent Thinking,Evaluation Research,Evaluation Methods,Correlation

This review essay looks at three publications that discuss the contentious issue of evaluating education quality (Note 1) by learner outcomes as a proxy indicator (Note 2). The essay explores the debates, gaps and proposes recommendations in the context of Education For All (EFA) (Note 3). The three articles reviewed are Harvey Goldstein's (2004) &quot;Education For All: the globalization of learning targets&quot;, Angeline Barret's (2009), &quot;The education Millennium Development Goal beyond 2015: Prospects for quality and learners&quot; and Daniel Wagner's. et al. (2012) article on &quot;the debate on learning assessments in developing countries&quot;. Goldstein and Barret's articles argue against the adherence to numerical learner achievement targets and explore possible consequences of doing so, while Wagner et.al. (2012) articles argue in support of same.
Assessment of Accounting Competencies Possessed by Postgraduate University Business Education Students to Handle Entrepreneurship Business Challenges in Nigeria
Author: Okoro, James
Date: 2014-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Accounting,Entrepreneurship,Business Administration Education,Graduate Students,Questionnaires,Student Attitudes,Reliability,Small Businesses,Workshops,Conferences (Gatherings),Foreign Countries,Statistical Analysis

University Business Education graduates, by the nature of their programme, ought to possess relevant accounting competencies for successful entrepreneurship but casual observation and empirical reports indicate that they are not doing well in this aspect. Therefore, this study assessed the accounting competencies possessed by university postgraduate Business Education students to handle entrepreneurship business challenges in Nigeria. One research question and five hypotheses guided the study. Descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. The population, also used as the sample, consisted of 388 Business Education graduates who are currently running their postgraduate programme in universities in the south-east and south-south geopolitical zones in Nigeria. The questionnaire was adequately validated by experts in Business Education and measurement and evaluation. The internal consistency of the instrument was determined using Cronbach alpha which has a reliability coefficient of 0.94. The mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions while Z-test was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The result revealed that Business Education graduates are competent in ability to plan for small or medium scale businesses, ability to source funds for the running of a small scale business among others. However, they are not competent in preparation of tax codes and setting up of a currency. It was recommended that Business Education graduates should undergo training in conferences and workshops to enable them possess more effective accounting knowledge.
Effects of Two and Three-Dimensional Visual Objects on the Acquisition of Drawing Skills among JSS1 Students in Osun State, Nigeria
Author: Abass, Bada Tayo
Date: 2014-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Freehand Drawing,Secondary School Students,Visual Stimuli,Pretests Posttests,Randomized Controlled Trials,Comparative Analysis,Geometric Concepts,Spatial Ability,Conventional Instruction,Teaching Methods,Statistical Analysis,Achievement Tests,Hypothesis Testing,Scores,Visual Perception,Gender Differences

The study examined the effects of two and three dimensional visual objects on learners' drawing skills in junior secondary schools in OsunState, Nigeria. It also determined students' ability to identify visual objects. Furthermore, it investigated the comparative effectiveness of two and three dimensional visual objects on drawing skills of junior secondary school students. The study employed the pretest, post- test experimental design. The study population consisted of all junior secondary school one students in Osun State. Three junior secondary schools were purposively selected from Atakumosa Local Government Area of Osun State. A sample of 120 JSS1 students was selected from the three schools using stratified sampling techniques with sex as stratum. These were later randomly assigned into two experimental and one control groups. The first experimental group was taught drawing using three-dimensional visual objects; the second experimental group was taught using two-dimensional visual objects, while group three the control group was taught using conventional method. The research instrument was a Visual Object Achievement Test (VOAT). This was administered as pre test and post test. Data gathered were analyzed using ANOVA and t-test statistics. The results showed that there was a significant difference in the basic drawing skills of learners taught with visual objects and those taught without visual objects (F = 14.163, p&lt; 0.05). The results also showed that there was a significant difference in the identification ability of learners taught with two and three dimensional visual objects and those taught with conventional method. (F = 4.599, p&lt; 0.05).The study concluded that the use of two and three dimensional objects will enhance drawing skills.
Effect of Jigsaw Technique and Gender on Students&apos; Attitude to Ethnic Integration and Sustainable Development in Nigeria
Author: Olukayode, Ajitoni Sunday
Date: 2014-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Cooperative Learning,Teaching Methods,Student Attitudes,Gender Differences,Ethnic Groups,Sustainable Development,Role of Education,Cultural Awareness,Hypothesis Testing,Pretests Posttests,Control Groups,Experimental Groups,Comparative Analysis,Quasiexperimental Design,Achievement Tests,Secondary School Students,Statistical Analysis,Foreign Countries,Lecture Method,Social Studies,Multicultural Education,Consciousness Raising,Program Effectiveness,Attitude Change

The growing spate of ethno-religious crises and insurgency that characterizes Nigerian polity has been traced to inadequacies in the integration policies of the government. These situations have resulted in loss of several lives and unquantifiable psychological and material damages. However, the situations could improve through the use of effective teaching strategy which could restructure the prejudiced minds of students and encourage respect for other cultures. Therefore, the Jigsaw technique has been identified as a useful cooperative learning strategy that could be used for promoting national unity through education. The use of Jigsaw technique could discourage discrimination and promote mutual respect for other cultures. This study, therefore, examined jigsaw technique as an effective approach for ethnic integration and sustainable development in Ogun state, Nigeria. Two null hypotheses were generated and tested at 0.05 level of significance. The study adopted a pretest-posttest, control group, quasi-experimental design. A 30 item achievement test was administered on 126 junior secondary school students selected from two secondary schools in the south-west region of Nigeria. Data were analysed using analysis of co-variance. The findings of this study revealed that jigsaw technique benefited students who form jigsaw group (experimental group) than the conventional learning group (control group). Based on these findings, it is suggested that jigsaw technique should be used to complement the conventional lecture method as this could promote unity and peaceful co-existence among students. This could further translate into better integration and sustainable development in Nigeria.
The Use of Novel Camtasia Videos to Improve Performance of At-Risk Students in Undergraduate Physiology Courses
Author: Miller, Cynthia J.
Date: 2014-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Undergraduate Students,Science Education,Physiology,Technology Uses in Education,Video Technology,Student Improvement,At Risk Students,Multimedia Instruction,Pilot Projects,Hypothesis Testing,Essay Tests,Science Tests,Blended Learning,Scores,Statistical Significance,Student Attitudes,Outcomes of Education,Instructional Materials,Teacher Made Tests

Students in undergraduate physiology courses often have difficulty understanding complex, multi-step processes, and these concepts consume a large portion of class time. For this pilot study, it was hypothesized that online multimedia resources may improve student performance in a high-risk population and reduce the in-class workload. A narrated Camtasia video was created using PowerPoint slides of a cardiomyocyte action potential. Historically, student performance on an exam essay for this topic was very poor following a traditional didactic lecture (class avg. of 64%). Replacement of lecture on the topic with an online video improved the class avg. on the essay by 6% and the class median by 8% (n = 198, 9 course sections). While this effect was not shown to be statistically significant (p = 0.1, Student's t-test) due to a large variability in scores, it nonetheless indicated a general positive effect on student performance. Furthermore, the video appeared to have a large influence on lower-performing students, reducing the percentage of failing students on the essay from 38% with traditional lecture to 24% with access to the video. Anonymous polling of the students indicated the video was helpful in visualizing the process and allowing repetition of material. While creation of multimedia resources may require significant instructor preparation time, these results suggest that the time invested may be advantageous to student success, particularly for at-risk students.
The Influence of Knowledge and Awareness of Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) on Change in Sexual Behaviour of Fresh Undergraduates of the Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
Author: Adeniyi, W. O.
Date: 2014-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Sexually Transmitted Diseases,Sexuality,Adolescents,Student Surveys,Questionnaires,Knowledge Level,Information Sources,Behavior Change,Foreign Countries,College Freshmen,Statistical Analysis

The study examined the influence of knowledge and awareness of sexually transmitted diseases on change in sexual behaviour of fresh undergraduates with a view to providing useful suggestions for positive sexual behaviour of adolescents. The study adopted the descriptive survey design. A sample of 600 fresh undergraduates was selected from the thirteen Faculties in O.A. U.; Ile-Ife, using convenience sampling technique. An adapted instrument titled &quot;Questionnaire on Knowledge, Awareness of STDs and Sexual Behaviour&quot; (QKASSB) was used to collect information from the respondents. The results showed that 93% of the fresh undergraduates had knowledge of the meaning of STDs, 88% of the respondents reported that they had awareness of STDs through media such as radio, television, internet etc. 88% of the respondents considered maturity as the first reason for change in fresh students' sexual behaviours. Finally, the result revealed a significant influence of sexual behaviour of fresh undergraduates before and after gaining admission into university (t-test = 9.039, p &lt; 0.05). It was concluded that fresh undergraduates had better knowledge and got awareness of STD; But their exposure to new school environment had predisposed them to change in sexual behaviours.
Thematic Analysis of the Children&apos;s Drawings on Museum Visit: Adaptation of the Kuhn&apos;s Method
Author: Kisovar-Ivanda, Tamara
Date: 2014-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Freehand Drawing,Elementary School Students,Correlation,Museums,Writing (Composition),Student Attitudes,Exhibits,Interpersonal Relationship,Foreign Countries,Models,Qualitative Research

Researchers are using techniques that allow children to express their perspectives. In 2003, Kuhn developed the method of data collection and analysis which combined thematic drawing and focused, episodic interview. In this article the Kuhn's method is adjusted using the draw and write technique as a research methodology. Reflections on the technique are drawn from our experience of using it in study with primary school students aged 8 to 10 years. This was part of a larger study undertaken to investigate the relationship between the way younger school-age students perceive the museum and degree of didactic structuring of museum contents. The students are asked to draw a picture showing their museum visit to Museum of Ancient Glass in Zadar and to write a shot text about it. Free written expression of students and their drawings illustrate children's abilities to convey their opinions when there is an enabling climate created. Analysis of children's' drawings has provided insight into the structure of students' perceptions, its orientation and content. At the same time it provided us with the information about the process of perceiving museum exhibits and museum environment by the students who were involved in the pre-visiting curricular activities and those who were not involved in them, as well as the information on students' perception of social interaction and abstract values that can be seen in the drawings.
Level of Environmental Awareness of Students in Republic of Serbia
Author: Maravic, Milutin
Date: 2014-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Conservation (Environment),Consciousness Raising,Elementary School Students,Secondary School Students,Student Surveys,Statistical Analysis,Environmental Education,Student Behavior

The aim of this research was developed in order to determine and analyze the level of environmental awareness of students from primary and secondary schools. Environmental awareness is an essential product of environmental education. Conducted research included analytical and descriptive method. The research instrument was the survey designed for purpose of the research. There were 198 students of primary and secondary school involved in the survey which included 28 questions. Following statistic parameters were used for results analysis: mean value, standard deviation (SD) and coefficient of variation (CV). The existence of difference between opinions of students (statistic significance of differences between mean values) was determined by variance analysis (ANOVA) or using independent t-test.
Enhancing &quot;ICT Teaching&quot; in English Schools: Vital Lessons
Author: Twining, Peter
Date: 2014-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Professional Continuing Education,Technology Uses in Education,Technology Integration,Technological Literacy,Technology Education,Computer Literacy,Pedagogical Content Knowledge,Training Methods,English Instruction,Models,Competency Based Teacher Education,Web Sites,Course Descriptions,Online Courses,Faculty Development,Foreign Countries

Despite substantial investments in digital technology in schools the impact has been less than advocates anticipated. This raises issues about the effectiveness of past approaches to the continuing professional development (CPD) of teachers. Vital was a £9.4million programme, funded by English governments between 2009 and 2013, to enhance the use of digital technology and the teaching of computing in schools. Vital, which was provided by the Open University (UK), developed an evolving range of professional development, informed by a review of the literature and extensive experience of supported open learning and developing online communities. Underpinning all of Vital's provision was a view of teachers as experts, and practitioner research as incorporating all the key elements of effective CPD identified in the literature. The evolving models of CPD developed by Vital during three distinct phases of its operation are described. These include: supported online courses; community websites; TeachMeets and TeachShares; the In-house Professional Development Partnership; and the development and sharing of evidence through EdFutures.net. Based on Vital's experiences some suggestions are made about what constitutes effective CPD.
Spelling Development among Triangle versus Native Bedouin Arabic Pupils
Author: Fragman, Alon
Date: 2014-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Spelling,Migrants,Elementary School Students,Word Recognition,Foreign Countries,Scores,Gender Differences,Socioeconomic Status,Semitic Languages,Comparative Analysis,Phonemes,Phonetics,Verbal Communication,Statistical Analysis,Phonology,Arabs

This study compared spelling development of consonants (guttural: /?/, uvular-velar: /q/ and /g/, emphatic: /??/, /??/, and /ð?, and dental: /?/) in the written form of Arabic among native Bedouin Arabic speakers from north and southern Israel (N = 666), versus native Arabic pupils from the triangle (N = 153), learning in second, fourth, and sixth grades. Three tasks were constructed for this study: real word dictation, pseudo-word dictation, and real word recognition. The results show significantly higher scores for spelling among pupils from the triangle versus Bedouin pupils from southern and north Israel in the second grade. Also, Bedouin males from southern Israel scored significantly less than their female counterparts in the group and from all other male pupils who participated in this study at all ages. It is suggested that the gap is unnecessarily gender-oriented, but mainly affected by socio-economic aspects and by the lack of appropriate teacher training for this community.
Analysis of Factors Causing Poor Passing Rates and High Dropout Rates among Primary School Girls in Malawi
Author: Mzuza, Maureen Kapute
Date: 2014-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Dropout Rate,Pass Fail Grading,Low Achievement,Student Surveys,Elementary School Students,Academic Achievement,Questionnaires,Teacher Surveys,Principals,Administrator Surveys,School Statistics,Enrollment Influences,Teacher Student Ratio,Gender Differences,Females,Exit Examinations,Etiology,Performance Factors,Statistical Analysis

Factors that cause poor examination passing rates and high dropout rates among primary school girls in Malawi were analysed. First hand data was collected by conducting a survey in all the three regions of Malawi. The respondents to the questionnaire were girls (402) who are repeating the last class in primary schools (Standard 8), primary school teachers (481) and Head teachers (82). Secondary data sourced from the Malawi Ministry of Education and the Malawi National Examinations Board (MANEB) was also analysed to validate the survey results. The perception by most primary school girls was that they do not perform well in their examinations due to lack of interest (30.2%). However, only a handful of Head teachers and teachers considered this as a problem (7%) suggesting that learners and teachers perceive problems in education differently. There was a strong relationship (P&lt;0.05) between poor examination passing rates and dropout rates confirming that girls who fail exams eventually lose interest to continue with school but quit and opt to marry also due to over-age. This study concludes that factors affecting the girl-child education in Malawi are multi-dimensional hence need a multi-sectoral approach to solve. It is recommended that government need to critically examine problems facing the girl-child and institute relevant policies to avoid future implications.
Construction of Economics Achievement Test for Assessment of Students
Author: Osadebe, P. U.
Date: 2014-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Achievement Tests,Economics Education,Student Evaluation,Test Construction,Secondary School Students,Test Reliability,Test Validity,Multiple Choice Tests,Item Analysis,Psychometrics,Foreign Countries

The study was carried out to construct a valid and reliable test in Economics for secondary school students. Two research questions were drawn to guide the establishment of validity and reliability for the Economics Achievement Test (EAT). It is a multiple choice objective test of five options with 100 items. A sample of 1000 students was randomly drawn to determine the validity and reliability of the test. After item analysis, the result showed that the Economics achievement test has a high face and content validity. The test item validity was determined through Difficulty and discrimination indices. A difficult index or p-value of 0.5 for each item was considered after applying the formula of correction for guessing. The discrimination index was established through point biserial statistics for each item with a correction coefficient of at least 0.3. The test has a reliability coefficient of 0.95 established through the use of Kuder-Richardson formula 20. The test is valid and reliable for assessing students internally and prepare them for external examinations.