ethanporcaro/eric-fulltext-meta huggingface dataset:
The March of Dimes and Polio: Lessons in Vaccine Advocacy for Health Educators
Author: Larsen, Dawn
Date: 2012-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Immunization Programs,Child Health,Professional Associations,Depression (Psychology),Health Education,Disabilities,History,Presidents,Program Effectiveness,Immigrants,Foreign Countries,Global Approach,Elementary Secondary Education

The polio vaccine became available in 1955, due almost entirely to the efforts of the March of Dimes. In 1921, Franklin Roosevelt gave a public face to polio and mounted a campaign to prevent it, establishing the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis in 1938. During the Depression, U.S. citizens were asked to contribute one dime. Entertainer Eddie Cantor suggested the name the March of Dimes, paraphrasing the popular newsreel &quot;The March of Time.&quot; Jonas Salk advocated a killed-virus vaccine while Albert Sabin proposed a live-virus vaccine. Both competed for both recognition and funding from the March of Dimes. In 1955 Salk's vaccine was adopted, nationwide vaccination programs were implemented, and polio rates dropped by 80 percent. In 1961, Sabin's vaccine, endorsed by the American Medical Association, became the vaccine of choice. The World Health Assembly advocated polio eradication by the year 2000. By 2004 eradication efforts were threatened by allegations linking vaccines to chronic diseases. Immunization dropped and polio resurfaced in the U.S., Australia, Africa and Russia. Research linking vaccines to chronic disease was discredited, but vaccine opponents remain active. Health educators are well positioned to mitigate damage caused by the anti-vaccine movement and address barriers to immunization efforts.
Innovative Training for Occupational Health and Infection Control Workplace Assessment in Health Care
Author: O'Hara, Lyndsay
Date: 2012-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Occupational Safety and Health,Workplace Literacy,Intelligence Quotient,Public Health,Hospitals,Worksheets,Foreign Countries,Factor Analysis,Adult Education,Health Education

A user-friendly, high quality workplace assessment field guide and an accompanying worksheet are invaluable tools for recognizing hazards in the hospital environment. These tools ensure that both front line workers as well as health and safety and infection control professionals can systematically evaluate hazards and formulate recommendations. This South African example illustrates how role play and pictorial guided orientation can empower workers to use these tools in response to complex political, cultural and environmental factors. (Contains 2 tables and 2 figures.)
Implicit Knowledge, Explicit Knowledge, and Achievement in Second Language (L2) Spanish
Author: Gutierrez, Xavier
Date: 2012-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Grammar,Second Language Learning,Spanish,Language Research,Language Proficiency,Measures (Individuals),Questionnaires,Factor Analysis,Foreign Countries,Scoring,Language Tests,Test Reliability,Test Validity,Metalinguistics,Second Language Instruction

Implicit and explicit knowledge of the second language (L2) are two central constructs in the field of second language acquisition (SLA). In recent years, there has been a renewed interest in obtaining valid and reliable measures of L2 learners' implicit and explicit knowledge (e.g., Bowles, 2011; R. Ellis, 2005). The purpose of the present study was to examine the nature of the knowledge representations developed by two groups of learners of Spanish as a L2 at different levels of proficiency. The results show that the two groups differed with respect to their implicit and explicit knowledge of Spanish and also regarding the relationship between measures of those representations and the measures of L2 achievement used with each group. (Contains 11 tables, 2 figures, and 9 footnotes.)
Processing Unfamiliar Words: Strategies, Knowledge Sources, and the Relationship to Text and Word Comprehension
Author: Cai, Wei
Date: 2012-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Listening Comprehension,Paralinguistics,Semantics,Learning Strategies,Inferences,Morphology (Languages),Second Language Learning,English (Second Language),Language Processing,Recall (Psychology),Qualitative Research,Statistical Analysis,College Students,Second Language Instruction,Majors (Students),Chinese,Native Language

This study examines strategies (inferencing and ignoring) and knowledge sources (semantics, morphology, paralinguistics, etc.) that second language learners of English use to process unfamiliar words in listening comprehension and whether the use of strategies or knowledge sources relates to successful text comprehension or word comprehension. Data were collected using the procedures of immediate retrospection without recall support and of stimulated recall. Twenty participants with Chinese as their first language participated in the procedures. Both qualitative and quantitative analyses were made. The results indicate that inferencing is the primary strategy that learners use to process unfamiliar words in listening and that it relates to successful text comprehension. Among the different knowledge sources that learners use, the most frequently used knowledge sources are semantic knowledge of words in the local co-text combined with background knowledge and semantic knowledge of the overall co-text. The finding that the use of most knowledge sources does not relate to the comprehension of the word suggests that no particular knowledge source is universally effective or ineffective and that what is crucial is to use the various knowledge sources flexibly. (Contains 9 tables, 3 footnotes, and 2 figures.)
Morphological Variability in Interlanguage Grammars: New Evidence from the Acquisition of Gender and Number in Italian Determiner Phrases and Direct Object Pronouns
Author: Santoro, Maurizio
Date: 2012-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Italian,Form Classes (Languages),Morphology (Languages),Interlanguage,Familiarity,Second Language Learning,Grammar,Adults,English,Native Language,Phrase Structure,Language Variation,Task Analysis,Pictorial Stimuli,Written Language,Identification,Second Language Instruction

In this paper, I investigate the phenomenon of morphological variability in the production of Italian determiners, descriptive adjectives, and direct object pronouns by adult English learners of Italian to determine whether morphological errors are the result of computational or representational difficulties. Second language acquisitionists do seem to agree on whether erroneous morphological forms noticeable even in advanced second language grammars due to the absence of the functional apparatus responsible for their feature-checking, a partially developed morphological competence, or even learners' performance limitations. Data have shown that the morphological features of Italian Determiner Phrases (DPs) and pronouns are fully acquirable, despite their absence in the grammar of learners' native language. Furthermore, adult English speakers' precocious familiarity with Italian nominal and pronominal morphology, and the uniform occurrence of erroneous forms in their interlanguage grammars suggest that morphological variability does not stem from the absence of the necessary functional structure, but from a general deficiency in properly &quot;assembling&quot; the morphological features of a particular lexical item, and learners' inability to map them with the syntactic information available. (Contains 7 tables and 2 footnotes.)
An Investigation of Interpersonal Problem Solving Approaches with Respect to Attachment Styles
Author: Arslan, Emel
Date: 2012-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Interpersonal Relationship,Attachment Behavior,Self Esteem,Problem Solving,Multiple Regression Analysis,Correlation,College Students,Prediction,Security (Psychology),Scores,Fear,Questionnaires,Foreign Countries

The purpose of this study was to investigate interpersonal problem solving approaches with respect to attachment styles. The participants were 554 (279 female and 275 male) university students. Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients and multiple regression analysis were used. The results of the study showed that the attachment styles of the students significantly predicted subdimensions of interpersonal problem solving. There was a positive relationship between secure attachment style and constructive problem solving, insistent-persevering approach while there was a negative and significant relationship between secure attachment style and approaching problems in a negative way, lack of self confidence, unwillingness to take responsibility. There was a positive relationship among dismissive attachment style scores constructive problem solving score. The relationship among preoccupied attachment style and approaching problems in a negative way, constructive problem solving, lack of self confidence, and unwillingness to take responsibility was positive and significant. There was a positive relationship among Fearful attachment style and approaching problems in a negative way, constructive problem solving, lack of self confidence, unwillingness to take responsibility, and insistent-persevering approach. (Contains 7 tables.)
The Prediction of University Students' Willingness to Seek Counseling
Author: Erkan, Serdar
Date: 2012-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Help Seeking,Measures (Individuals),Social Support Groups,College Students,Sex Role,Foreign Countries,Counseling Services,Student Attitudes,Regression (Statistics)

The aim of this research is to determine the variables that qualify the help seeking behavior (willingness to seek counseling) of Turkish university students. A total of 5829 college students (2974 females, 2841 males, 14 unknown) from eleven universities in Turkey have participated in the study. Personal Form, Self Concealment Scale, Willingness to Seek Counseling Scale, Problem Areas Scale, Attitudes Towards Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale, Multi-Dimensional Perceived Social Support Scale, Bem Sex Role Inventory have been used in the research. Moreover, the hierarchic regression analysis technique has been used in the analysis of the data. It is observed that the study has significantly predicated the points gathered from independent variables with the points related to willingness to seek help. This finding shows that independent variables can be regarded as explaining the 26 % variance related to the help seeking behavior points. The results show that the most significant predicator of college students' willingness to seeking psychological help level is positive attitudes towards seeking psychological help. (Contains 1 figure.)
Examination of Relationship between Anxiety Sensitivity and Parenting Styles in Adolescents
Author: Erozkan, Atilgan
Date: 2012-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Adolescents,Anxiety,Child Rearing,Parenting Styles,Correlation,Predictor Variables,Role,High School Students,Foreign Countries,Measures (Individuals),Parent Attitudes,Multiple Regression Analysis

This research investigated the relationships between anxiety sensitivity and perceived parenting styles of adolescents and the predictive role of perceived parenting styles on anxiety sensitivity. The study group was composed by 545 (255 females; 290 males) students studying in different high schools in Mugla. The data were collected using the Anxiety Sensitivity Index-R, and Parental Attitudes Scale. Pearson Product-Moment Correlation analysis was employed to search for relationships between anxiety sensitivity and parenting styles; multiple hierarchical regression analysis was also used for explaining anxiety sensitivity. The findings showed that the democratic, protective-demanding, and authoritarian parenting styles were found to be significantly correlated to anxiety sensitivity and democratic, protective-demanding, and authoritarian parenting styles important predictors of anxiety sensitivity.
The Effect of Psychoeducational Group Training Depending on Self Regulation on Students' Motivational Strategies and Academic Achievement
Author: Onemli, Mehmet
Date: 2012-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Psychoeducational Methods,Self Management,Student Motivation,Motivation Techniques,Academic Achievement,Outcomes of Education,Pretests Posttests,Statistical Analysis,Control Groups,Experimental Groups,Pupil Personnel Services,Grade 10,Learning Strategies,Measures (Individuals),Group Counseling,Training,Training Methods,Counseling Techniques,Counseling Effectiveness,School Counseling

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of psychoeducational group study regarding self regulation in learning on motivational beliefs and academic success of students. Pre and post tests with control group design were used in this study. Participants of the study consisted of 10th grade students at Anatolian High School. &quot;Motivational Strategies Scale at Learning&quot; and &quot;Information Form&quot; which prepared by author was used for data collection. ANOVA and ANCOVA models were used for analyzing of study data. The results of study showed that psychoeducational group study which was given to treatment group during 8 weeks increased motivational beliefs and academic success level of students. Increase of motivational beliefs did not differentiate in terms of gender and study field of students. The results of study were discussed depending on the related literature.
The Paradigm Shift of Vocational Guidance and Career Counseling and Its Implications for Turkey: An Evaluation from Past to Future
Author: Yesilyaprak, Binnur
Date: 2012-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Global Approach,Vocational Education,Counseling Effectiveness,School Counseling,Pupil Personnel Services,Occupational Information,Career Guidance,Counselor Role,Career Counseling,International Education,Educational History,Educational Policy

The effect of globalization on the economic and social changes and the new paradigms of these changes which have caused vocational guidance and career counseling services are become increasingly world-wide sociopolitical instrument. To use this instrument by effectively and responsibly as individual and socially, it is required to understand correctly the new paradigms in this area. These services in the U.S. is started in early 1900s and developed according to structure and need of society. The Turkish counseling movement dates back to the 1950s and drives its roots largely from advances and development in the U.S system of vocational guidance. Three identifiable historical periods which are (i) Beginning period (1953-1975), (ii) Searching period (1976-1994), and (iii) Developing period (1995-2010), including, respectively, leading, indecisive, and systematic steps. At the last period because of the process of integration with the European Union, the route of these services turned from America to Europe. Although some important steps and initiatives, it is not expected to have effective and meaningful results unless reviewing and evaluating of paradigm shifts. The author discusses and evaluates of vocational guidance and career counseling services in our country, in historical perspective, the changes created by globalization and new paradigms examining the current situation in light of the possible implications put forward in this area. It is estimated that the need of vocational guidance and career counseling services can be on the increase in the 21st century because of trends related to the globalization. The result of these trends, the perceptions and approaches in the field of vocational guidance and career counseling have rapidly changed in the last 10-15 years. The description of new paradigms with the causes and consequences that it can be functional for drawing the route of the search for solution is extremely important for the future. (Contains 2 tables.)
The Unheard Voice in Group Counseling: QUIETNESS
Author: Yildirim, Taskin
Date: 2012-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Content Analysis,Group Counseling,Training,Individual Characteristics,Group Dynamics,Participation,Counselors,Personality Traits

Why do some members keep silent, although the group counseling is based on interaction? Is this a way of participation or is oral participation too difficult as a skill to actualize in a group? This study handles the issue of silence and its reasons, which group leaders frequently face and sometimes have difficulty coping with in non-voluntary training groups. The data for the study were collected from the reports of 61 members in four distinct counseling groups. The groups were led simultaneously by two leaders who are specialized in individual and group counseling. The data were analyzed using content analysis. As a result, it was found that silence because of personal characteristics was the major cause of silence, and that it appears to be there are reasons for silence other than the ones specified in the relevant literature. (Contains 1 table.)
The Issue of Education Supervision in Turkey in the Views of Teachers, Administrators, Supervisors and Lecturers
Author: Memduhoglu, Hasan Basri
Date: 2012-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Qualitative Research,Semi Structured Interviews,Content Analysis,Supervision,Elementary Schools,Secondary Schools,College Faculty,Teacher Attitudes,Administrator Attitudes,Teacher Effectiveness,School Effectiveness,Educational Policy,Teacher Supervision,School Supervision,Audits (Verification)

The aim of this study is to determine the views of teachers, administrators, supervisors and lecturers that are experts in their fields as people having roles in education regarding the aim, structure, process, strong sides and main problems of the education supervision in Turkey. In this research, the scanning model research was employed through qualitative method. The study group of research was composed of 30 individuals in total who were eight teachers and administrators in the primary and secondary school in the cities of Van and Ankara, six lecturers at the universities of Van and Ankara with eight education supervisors in the mentioned cities. The data were obtained via interview technique by using semi-structured form. The research data were analyzed using content analysis. In the study &quot;the aim, structure and process in the education supervision&quot; with &quot;the strong sides of the education supervision and existing main problems&quot; were dealt within two main categories. The reliability of the research was estimated %79 for the first category, %85 for the second category and in total as %82. The findings of the research were discussed under two main categories and five sub-categories.
Developing a Scale for Innovation Management at Schools: A Study of Validity and Reliability
Author: Bulbul, Tuncer
Date: 2012-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Innovation,Measures (Individuals),Organizational Culture,Administrative Organization,Industrial Psychology,Personnel Management,Test Construction,Validity,Test Reliability,Construct Validity,Factor Analysis,Competence,Beliefs,Administrator Attitudes,Elementary Schools,Administrator Characteristics

The purpose of this study is to develop a valid and reliable assessment tool for use in determining the competency beliefs of school administrators about innovation management. The scale applied to a study group of 216 school administrators, after work Centered on assessing intelligibility and specialized opinion. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis has been applied to determine the construct validity of the scale. Cronbach Alpha inner consistency coefficient was calculated to determine the reliability of the scale. The corrected item-total correlations were initially calculated to determine how efficient the items covered by the scale are in distinguishing between people by the aspect they measure and t-test was conducted to determine whether there exists any significant difference between the item average scores of top 27% and bottom 27% groups. As a result of exploratory factor analysis of the scale, the scale was identified to consist of four sub-dimensions, including Project Management, Organizational Culture and 32 5-point Likert items. The factor value loads of items covered by the scale vary in a range of 0.51 to 0.77. The four-factor structure of the scale is also affirmed by the confirmatory factor analysis. The corrected item-total correlations of the scale items ranged from 0.77 to 0.39. Based on result of t test performed between the item average scores of top 27% and bottom 27% groups, it was observed that differences had been significant for all items and factors. The inner consistency factor for the entire scale was calculated as 96. The inner consistency coefficients of the scale's sub-dimensions varied between 85 and 94. The findings of this study reveal that Innovation Management Scale at Schools is a valid and reliable measuring tool that can be used to determine the competence beliefs of school administrators on innovation management. (Contains 1 table.)
Educational Technology Research Trends in Turkey: A Content Analysis of the 2000-2009 Decade
Author: Goktas, Yuksel
Date: 2012-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Trend Analysis,Educational Trends,Content Analysis,Educational Research,Educational Technology,Research Methodology,Journal Articles,Questionnaires,Sampling,Data Analysis,Meta Analysis,Literature Reviews,Foreign Countries,Research Needs,Change Strategies

The purpose of this study is to examine Turkish educational technology studies in the academic literature within the scope of SSCI, and to reveal methodological trends within these studies. For this purpose, 460 Turkey-addressed articles, published between the years of 2000-2009 in 32 international journals, within the scope of 2010 SSCI were collected as data through ETPCF. The data were examined via content analysis and presented using descriptive statistical methods. According to the results, &quot;educational environments&quot; and &quot;technology&quot; were the topics mostly focused on in the articles. Regarding the research methods, quantitative analysis was generally used in these studies. Questionnaires were used as a data collection tool, and convenience sampling methods were also used widely. Descriptive analyses were mainly preferred as a data analysis method. The results coming out of this study will be helpful for directing the future studies.
The Relationship between Academic Averages of Primary School Science and Technology Class and Test Sub-Test Scores of Placement Test of Science
Author: Guzeller, Cem Oktay
Date: 2012-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Science Education,Technology Education,Scores,Tests,Grade 6,Grade 7,Grade 8,Multiple Regression Analysis,Predictor Variables,Foreign Countries,Academic Achievement,Elementary School Science,Elementary School Students,Mathematics Achievement,Mathematics Education,Mathematics

In this research, the relationship between written exam scores of science and technology class of 6th, 7th, and 8th grades, project, participation in class activities and performance work, year-end academic success point averages and sub-test raw scores of LDT science of 6th, 7th and 8th grades. Academic success point averages were used as independent variable; raw scores of LDT Science were used as dependent variable in the study. The participants of the research were 1060 including 6th, 7th and 8th grade students who attended to four primary schools in the town called Kepez in Antalya and took the LDT Examination. The relationships between dependent and independent variables were examined through multiple regression analysis. According to the results, the independent variables at the level of 6th grade explains approximately % 43 of the total variance in the dependent variable, at the level of 7th grade explains % 53 and at the level of 8th grade explains % 49. It was concluded for independent variables of grade 6 and 8 that dependent variable explained only the variable of &quot;written exam&quot; significantly, all variables of grade 7 independent variables explained all variables other than &quot;project&quot; variable significantly.