ethanporcaro/eric-fulltext-meta huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Sample Size and Missing Data Rates on Generalizability Coefficients
Author: Soysal, Sumeyra
Date: 2018-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Sample Size,Data Analysis,Research Problems,Error of Measurement,Generalizability Theory,Measurement Techniques,Reliability,Correlation,Coding,Statistical Analysis

Purpose of the Study: Missing data are a common problem encountered while implementing measurement instruments. Yet the extent to which reliability, validity, average discrimination and difficulty of the test results are affected by the missing data has not been studied much. Since it is inevitable that missing data have an impact on the psychometric properties of measurement instruments, it was considered necessary to investigate this topic. Depending on the identified need, a simulative study was conducted on the effects of missing data on reliability. The reliability estimates were discussed in terms of generalizability theory (G theory). Research Methods: Depending on the research questions, complete data sets having different sample sizes (100, 200, 400, 1000) in weak and strong one-dimensional structures under normal distribution were produced. Missing data sets were created by deleting data at different rates (5%, 10%, 20%, 30%) randomly from the complete sets. Findings and Results: When the estimates obtained by missing and complete data sets were compared, it was found that G and phi coefficients were significantly affected for the weak one-dimensional design when the missingness was 20% and more. However, for the strong one-dimensional design, those coefficients were negligibly affected even when the missingness was 30%. Moreover, it was also found that the estimates obtained by missing coded incorrect in particularly weak one-dimensional data were lower than the estimates from missing data matrix. Also error statistics of the weak one-dimensional data based on missing coded incorrect were significantly higher than their strong one-dimensional data counterparts, especially at the rates of 20% and 30% missingness. Implications for Research and Practice Thus, missing coded incorrect is not suggested to be used as a missing data treatment method in reliability estimations. Instead, generalizability theory, which allows us to conduct analysis with missing data in matrices, might be recommended.
Cooperative Learning and Learning Achievement in Social Science Subjects for Sociable Students
Author: Herpratiwi
Date: 2018-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Cooperative Learning,Academic Achievement,Social Sciences,Elementary School Students,Grade 5,Learning Motivation,Quasiexperimental Design,Pretests Posttests,Essay Tests,Statistical Analysis,Correlation,Academic Persistence,Outcomes of Education,Questionnaires,Foreign Countries,Regression (Statistics)

Purpose: The research objective was to compare students' learning achievement for sociable learning motivation students in social science (IPS) using cooperative learning. Research Methods: This research used a quasi-experimental method with a pre-test/post-test design involving 35 fifth-grade students. The learning process was conducted four times in one semester. The social science (IPS) learning outcome was measured using an essay test comprising eight items. The data concerning sociable learning motivation were obtained from a questionnaire comprising 29 items, with a = 0.956. Findings: Using a paired-sample t-test, the analysis showed that there was a significant increase in students' motivation after implementing cooperative learning. The results also showed a positive correlation between students' curiosity and their perseverance in doing the task. Implications for Research and Practice: The results of this research confirm that cooperative learning can significantly increase students' motivation. Teachers should attempt to implement cooperative learning in their classes to ensure students' motivation to learn.
Adapting a Residential Course to Web-Based Blended Learning
Author: Ozmen, Busra
Date: 2018-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Blended Learning,English (Second Language),Second Language Instruction,Second Language Learning,Foreign Countries,Case Studies,Instructional Design,Feedback (Response),Integrated Learning Systems,Course Content,Educational Environment,Distance Education,Public Colleges,Usability

Purpose: This study describes the design of the Basic English 1 and Basic English 2 courses taught in the Foreign Languages School (FLS) of a large public university in Turkey as blended learning in a mostly distance education system. Research Method: This study was structured as a case study describing an instructional design effort. The study used the ADDIE instructional design model to convert these courses into the distance education format. In the analysis phase, the designers held discussions with the FLS lecturers to determine their needs and contextual limitations. These discussions revealed the knowledge and skills of the FLS students, the expectations of the lecturers and students, and the course objectives. The design process focused on determining Basic English 1 and 2 learning activities and presentation formats for these activities. Each course has a duration of 15 weeks and includes the skills of grammar, reading comprehension, writing, listening comprehension, and speaking. In the development phase, the designers added all the tools from the design phase to the Moodle environment. In the implementation phase, the designers conducted usability tests with the students and identified deficiencies of the design phase. In the evaluation phase, the designers improved the content based on student feedback from the usability tests. Findings: The designers conducted a planned and systematic design process based on the ADDIE instructional design model. At the end of the design process, the course content was transferred to the Moodle environment, and a usability test was administered to the students. The designers revised the environment's design based on student feedback. Eventually, the study presented an environment that was suitable for blended learning educational activities that mainly used distance education. Implications for Research and Practice: Designing blended learning opportunities for formal learning environments is a rising trend, and the community can benefit from the documented design process.
Effectiveness of Project Based Learning in Statistics for Lower Secondary Schools
Author: Siswono, Tatag Yuli Eko
Date: 2018-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Student Projects,Active Learning,Teaching Methods,Pretests Posttests,Statistical Analysis,Control Groups,Experimental Groups,Comparative Analysis,Scores,Statistics,Secondary School Students,Foreign Countries,Observation,Outcomes of Education,Quasiexperimental Design,Educational Technology,Test Validity,Test Reliability

Purpose: This study aimed at investigating the effectiveness of implementing Project Based Learning (PBL) on the topic of statistics at a lower secondary school in Surabaya city, Indonesia, indicated by examining student learning outcomes, student responses, and student activity. Research Methods: A quasi experimental method was conducted over two months involving two classes of seventh grade students, consisting an experiment class (PBL) and a control class (conventional learning). Data were collected through student activity observation sheets, student responses, and pretest-posttests. Data were analyzed by employing covariance analysis (ANCOVA). Findings: Based on ANCOVA, student learning outcomes in PBL are higher than those in conventional learning. In addition, based on the results of a descriptive analysis, results of the student learning outcomes in PBL obtained more than the minimum standard score (MSC), the students' responses in learning were positive, and the students were active in the class activities. Thus, PBL is effective in statistical learning. Implications for Research and Practice: Based on the results of the research, it can be concluded that PBL was effective in statistical learning. These findings suggest that the students were enthusiastic in working the given project and actively discussed with other students in the class. We suggest teachers apply PBL on other mathematics topics so students can be enthusiastic in mathematics learning in the class. Alternatively, teachers can use PBL with technology-assisted learning to make learning more interesting for students.
A Review on Effectiveness of Cello Etudes Created for Longas and Syrtos
Author: Avci Akbel, Burcu
Date: 2018-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Music Education,Musical Instruments,Instructional Effectiveness,Performance,Mixed Methods Research,Pretests Posttests,Experimental Groups,Control Groups,College Students

Purpose: This study has been performed with a view to find a solution to challenges experienced in cello performances of pieces in the forms of Longas and Syrtos within the category of instrumental Turkish Music--due to their inherent agility, technical difficulties, etc., to ensure that the pieces can be more precisely and easily played in technical and musical terms. Methods: Both descriptive and experimental methods are used in this study. As for the preparatory exercises, the etude writing model adapted from the Taba-Tyler model is used. Longas and Syrtos, which will be examined in the scope of this study, were determined through interviews held with cello teachers at Turkish music conservatories in Turkey, whereas an experimental method was used for the second part of the study. In this study, a pretest-posttest control group model (N = 8) was used. The data obtained upon the performance evaluation were compared by applying the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and the Mann-Whitney U test through the SPSS program. Findings: According to the statistical data obtained, significant differences were found in the arithmetic means of the experimental group, whereupon it was concluded that the preparatory exercises created according to this result are highly effective. Implications for Research and Practice: Within the scope of this study, etudes were created to facilitate the performance of the pieces, and a significant difference was observed in the performances of the students. Many other etudes can be written to overcome challenges in other genres and observe their effect on student success.
Examining Mental Health Professionals&apos; Social Justice Attitudes in Turkey
Author: Kagnici, Dilek Yelda
Date: 2018-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Mental Health Workers,Counselor Attitudes,Social Justice,Interviews,Moral Values,Value Judgment,Values,Attitude Measures,Statistical Significance,Comparative Analysis,Scores,Cultural Awareness,Personality Traits,Correlation,Statistical Analysis

Purpose: Mental health professionals' personal values have a critical role in providing efficient services to culturally diverse clients, being social advocates, and promoting social justice. In the present study, mental health professionals in Turkey were assumed to be grouped under three categories: the ones who are sensitive, who are rigid, and who are apathetic based on their Belief in a Just World, moral identity, openmindedness, and social dominance orientation scores. The study aimed to examine the differences among these three groups of mental health professionals in Turkey in relation to social justice. Methods: A total of 232 mental health professionals participated in the study. The Social Justice Scale, Moral Identity Scale, Open-Mindedness Scale, Social Dominance Scale, and Belief in a Just World Scale were used to collect data, and cluster analysis was performed to analyze the data. Findings: The results indicated that there were statistically significant differences between three categories regarding social justice scores. Results pointed out that sensitive Turkish mental health professionals were more to prone to social justice than the other groups. Implications for Research and Practice: According to the results, there is a potential risk that there might be cultural groups outside of the boundaries of these mental health professionals' scope of justice. In order to prevent these risks, some precautions should be taken during mental health professionals' training. Mental health professionals should be equipped with current competencies to provide service to diverse groups.
Evaluation of Burnout Levels in Teachers Regarding Socio-Demographic Variables, Job Satisfaction and General Self-Efficacy
Author: Capri, Burhan
Date: 2018-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Teacher Burnout,Job Satisfaction,Self Efficacy,Special Education Teachers,Foreign Countries,Statistical Analysis,Correlation,Gender Differences,Age Differences,Marital Status,Teaching Experience,Multiple Regression Analysis,Collegiality,Teacher Administrator Relationship

Purpose: This study aims to examine the occupational burnout levels of teachers working in special education and rehabilitation centers affiliated with the Ministry of National Education regarding socio-demographic variables, job satisfaction, and general self-efficacy levels. Research Methods: The descriptive method and relational scanning model were used in the study. The research group consists of 297 females and 155 males. This total of 452 teachers participated in the Special Education Specialist Training Course in Aydin/Kusadasi, Mersin, and Erzurum provinces between 04/20/2015 and 07/10/2015 for participants in different cities of Turkey. A Personal Information Form created by the researchers, along with the Burnout Scale-Short Form (BS-SF), Minnesota Job Satisfaction Scale, and General Competence Belief Scale (GCBS) were used in the research. In the analysis of the data, t-test, One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis were used. Findings: As a result of the analysis, significant negative correlations were found between teachers' occupational burnout levels and levels of job satisfaction and general competence beliefs. Also, job satisfaction and general competence belief levels together were a significant precursor of occupational burnout levels. Implications for Research and Practice: The work environment of special education teachers should be improved, and they should be provided social opportunities. The emphasis should be on family education studies. The burden of special education teachers should be reduced by providing the necessary counseling and guidance services for families parenting children with disabilities.
Investigating the Performance of Omega Index According to Item Parameters and Ability Levels
Author: Sunbul, Onder
Date: 2018-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Test Items,Difficulty Level,Ability,Cheating,Multiple Choice Tests,Statistical Analysis,Hypothesis Testing

Purpose: Several studies can be found in the literature that investigate the performance of ? under various conditions. However no study for the effects of item difficulty, item discrimination, and ability restrictions on the performance of ? could be found. The current study aims to investigate the performance of ? for the conditions given below. Research Methods: b parameter range was restricted in two levels (-2.50 - 0.00, 0.01 - 2.50); a parameter range, in two levels (0.10 - 0.80 and 0.81 - 1.50). After crossing a and b parameter ranges, four different item parameter cells were obtained. 10,000 examinee responses were generated for each item parameter cell for 20 items. After combining four data sets, an 80-item dataset was obtained. In order to obtain the effects of source's and copier's ability levels to the performance of ?, ability range was divided into four intervals (-3.00 - -1.50, -1.50 - 0.00, 0.00 - 1.50 and 1.50 - 3.00). By crossing the ability ranges of source and copier, sixteen different combinations were obtained. Each of the sixteen ability pairs of source and copier cheating was investigated for item parameter crossing cells for power study of ?. For Type I error study, no cheating data were investigated for the same conditions and levels. Findings: Type I error inflations were observed for the lower copier ability levels. The results of the power study indicate that when high ability level copier copied answers of the low difficulty level and high discriminative items from high ability level source, power of ? was weakened. Implications for Research and Practice: The study suggests that researchers must pay attention to copiers-source ability level and copied items' difficulty levels while using ? index for detecting answer copying.
Socioeconomic Profile of Early Childhood Education Preservice Teachers
Author: Unal, Merve
Date: 2018-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Student Characteristics,Preservice Teachers,Undergraduate Students,Early Childhood Education,Demography,Low Income Students,Career Choice,Preschool Teachers,Teacher Selection,Teacher Salaries,Teacher Motivation,Socioeconomic Background,Questionnaires,Educational Background,Grade Point Average

Purpose: Teachers are key determiners of quality education, and regarding young children in particular, the quality of teachers can have a remarkable influence on the quality of education. However, research on the socioeconomic profile of preservice teachers at university remains rare in Turkey, especially eastern Turkey, where living conditions are below of the national average. In our study, the socioeconomic profile of 2,115 early childhood teacher candidates in faculties of education at state universities in the Eastern and Southeastern Anatolian Regions of Turkey was examined. The study aimed to determine the rank order of students' preferred early childhood education bachelor programs and the reasons for their preferences. Methods: The descriptive profile research sought to identify the socioeconomic profile of preservice early childhood teachers recruited from 11 state universities. Participating students were asked several questions concerning the socioeconomic aspects of their university life in four domains: demographic and economic characteristics, education budget, family socioeconomic composition, and educational and sociocultural background. Descriptive analyses were performed to analyze the data. Results: The findings revealed that the students were mostly from low-income families. Most students ranked an early childhood education bachelor program among their top five choices on university selection exams. The top three reasons for their choosing early childhood education as a profession were love for children and the profession, the convenience of teacher appointment and satisfactory wage levels at state preschools, and the convenience and enjoyment of preschool teaching. Implications for Research and Practice: Most students were members of low-income families, for whom social, cultural, and sportive activities need to be more accessible. Similar studies should be repeated in other geographical regions of Turkey with students from other university departments and faculties in order to clarify the socioeconomic composition of university students, develop more effective bachelor programs, and improve student life at Turkish universities.
Relationship between School Principals&apos; Leadership Behaviors and Teachers&apos; Organizational Trust
Author: Kars, Mehmet
Date: 2018-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Correlation,Principals,Trust (Psychology),Leadership Styles,Teacher Administrator Relationship,Surveys,Democratic Values,Authoritarianism,Comparative Analysis,Prediction,Teacher Attitudes,Peer Relationship,Parent Teacher Cooperation,Teacher Student Relationship,Seminars,Administrator Education,Statistical Analysis,Foreign Countries

Purpose: A comfortable and happy work environment, where all the teachers are sincere and true to each other and sure that what they say and do will not be used against them, is a basic need for a teacher. It is thought that meeting this expectation is up to the feeling of trust, especially in the principal, and then in colleagues and students and parents. The aim of the study is to reveal the relationship between school principals' leadership behaviors and teachers' organizational trust, and at what level leadership behaviors predict teachers' organizational trust. Research Methods: A correlational survey model was used to select participants (n = 722). Findings: The results show a significant and positive relationship between democratic leadership behaviors and all dimensions of organizational trust, while autocratic and laissez-faire leadership behaviors have a significant and negative relationship with all dimensions of organizational trust. When compared to autocratic and laissez-faire leadership behaviors, democratic leadership is the most significant predictor of principal trust. In addition, democratic leadership is the only significant and positive predictor of trust in colleagues, students, and parents, even though it is at a low level. Implications for Research and Practice: The results of the study show that democratic principal behaviors affect not only teachers' principal trust but also their trust in colleagues, students, and parents. Therefore, school principals should take education seminars to increase their awareness about the importance democratic leadership.
Turkish Undergraduate Supervisees&apos; Views Regarding Supervisory Relationship
Author: Meydan, Betul
Date: 2018-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Undergraduate Students,Student Attitudes,Supervision,Supervisor Supervisee Relationship,Case Studies,Semi Structured Interviews,Content Analysis,Student Needs,Expectation

Purpose: The supervisory relationship plays a pivotal role in clinical supervision. It is important for supervisors and researchers to identify factors regarding a strong supervisory relationship. In the international literature, research found that various factors influence the supervisory relationship. However, research is limited regarding supervisory relationship in undergraduate counselor education in Turkey. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine Turkish undergraduate supervisees' views regarding supervisory relationship. Research Methods: Case study design was used in this study. Participants were selected with maximum variation and extreme case sampling methods. Twelve undergraduate supervisees participated in individual semi-structured interviews. The data were analyzed by content analysis. Findings: The content analysis indicated three main categories: the quality of the relationship, supervisee and supervisor characteristics that likely influence the relationship, and the outcomes of the relationship. Implications for Research and Practice: Based on the findings of this study, the most obvious implication is that the supervisory relationship is one of the key components of supervision, and in order to improve the quality of this relationship, developmental needs and expectations of supervisees, as well as supervisors' own variables affecting the relationship, should be carefully taken into consideration by supervisors. We also hope that this attempt to explore the supervisory relationship in Turkey enterprises will encourage researchers for further studies, which will be intended to use different research designs that include collecting data at different sessions of supervision from different universities, thus indicating a way for supervisors to develop strong supervisory relationship with supervisees.