ethanporcaro/eric-fulltext-meta huggingface dataset:
Conflicting Demands of Chemistry and Inclusive Teaching--A Video-Based Case Study
Author: Abels, Simone
Date: 2020-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Chemistry,Secondary School Science,Science Instruction,Inclusion,Conflict,Classroom Communication,Students with Disabilities,Middle School Students,Middle School Teachers,Science Teachers,Foreign Countries,Teaching Methods

Almost every country in the world is obligated to implement education policies to enable an inclusive school system. However, implementing techniques to be inclusive in schools is a major challenge to teachers, especially to those teaching a subject at secondary level and higher. Most of the literature concerning inclusive science education was published in recent years, and is more normative than empirical. Teachers struggle to transfer these normative demands to their accustomed way of teaching science. In this study, we analyze conflicts a teacher experiences when teaching a so-called 'hard science' like chemistry at an inclusive school. On the one hand, inclusive science education should facilitate participation in science specific learning processes for all learners. This broad perspective on inclusion demands that everyone can take part in everyday classroom life. On the other hand, chemistry strives for the understanding of abstract concepts, theories and models, which forms a barrier to learning chemistry for many people. This paper presents an explorative case study focusing on these conflicting demands. To reconstruct the inconsistencies, we analyzed a videotaped teacher--student discourse on atoms. Using the documentary method, a qualitative approach developed by the sociologist Ralf (Bohnsack et al., 2010). distinguishing between explicit and implicit knowledge, it was possible to reveal the orientational frameworks guiding the teacher's actions. On the surface level, traditional scientific educational approaches structure the discourse. Reconstruction of the discourse is deep, as evidence was found for a participation-oriented framework as well as for the challenges the conflicting demands of chemistry and inclusive teaching put on teaching. We implicate that future professional development courses must not only concentrate on combining chemistry with inclusive pedagogies, i.e., how to teach, but also on the reflection of implicit beliefs concerning inclusive chemistry teaching.
Linking Sustainable Development Goals with Thermal Comfort and Lighting Conditions in Educational Environments
Author: Montiel, Isabel
Date: 2020-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Sustainable Development,Physical Environment,Lighting,Educational Environment,Energy Conservation,Public Schools,Foreign Countries,High Schools,School Buildings,Educational Facilities Design,School Maintenance,Costs,School Construction,Ventilation,Climate,Well Being,Space Utilization,Health

The present paper deals with a wide range of issues related to the environmental quality in learning spaces, such as thermal and visual comfort, as well as energy efficiency. All of these issues fall under the umbrella of the UN Agenda 2030 and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Upon reviewing publications of past studies, interviews were conducted and questionnaires were distributed in public high schools in the province of Alicante, located in the Southeast of Spain. Sixteen high schools were selected for the interviews. Fifteen in the city of Elche, which is the total amount of the high schools in the city. One additional high school that was considered important for this research was included in the study due to the characteristics of the building design, excessively exposed to weather conditions. Significant differences were observed between schools built before 2000 and those built after that date. The latter, surprisingly, not more thermally and visually comfortable or energy efficient. The knowledge gained from our investigation will be of great benefit for architects, designers, engineers, school planners and principals in order to establish stronger connections between infrastructures and SDGs. A chart linking recommendations with specific SDGs is also included in this study.
The Social Responsibility among Higher Education Students
Author: Berei, Emese Beáta
Date: 2020-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Social Responsibility,College Students,Student Volunteers,Student Motivation,Public Colleges,Private Colleges,Foreign Countries,Altruism,Group Membership,Student Participation,Voluntary Agencies,Community Development,Quality of Life

The aim of this research is to emphasize the importance of education for the philanthropic responsibilities of students. The basic term of the explanatory research is corporate social responsibility, adapted for higher education institutions--the philanthropic responsibilities of students, their implication on charity organization memberships or volunteering activities, and their motivation to help others. Special attention was given to the following questions: Are students involved in charity organization activities or voluntary work? Are there any differences between state and private universities regarding the philanthropic activities of students? How frequently, where, and why are they involved in volunteering? What is the latent structure of students' motivations? The quantitative international survey dates were collected by the Centre for Higher Education Research and Development from Debrecen University, Hungary, and the present examination focuses on the sample from Romania. Using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) statistical software, first, through a longitudinal perspective, Romanian students' implications from state and private institutions were compared. Second, the paper analyzes the characteristics of volunteering and student's motivations. The conclusions present significant differences between state and private institutions. Students traditional motivations, i.e., to help others, were very common and connected with relational and self-development intentions. This mixed motivational factor was different from the global motivational factor (to learn new languages and to discover new cultures).
Assessing Expressive Oral Reading Fluency
Author: Morrison, Timothy G.
Date: 2020-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Oral Reading,Reading Fluency,Suprasegmentals,Expressive Language,Language Styles,Student Evaluation,Evaluation Methods,Automation,Scoring Rubrics,National Competency Tests

Educators struggle to assess various aspects of reading in valid and reliable ways. Whether it is comprehension, phonological awareness, vocabulary, or phonics, determining appropriate assessments is challenging across grade levels and student abilities. Also challenging is measuring aspects of fluency: rate, accuracy, and prosody. This article presents a history of fluency in American education with particular focus on assessing expressive oral reading. In addition, the two major approaches to prosody assessment will be explained, and the three most prominent tools for rating expressive oral reading will be analyzed and discussed.
Balancing Resources and Value in Distance Education Course Reviews: A Case Study at a Mid-Sized Public University
Author: Swann, William
Date: 2018-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Course Evaluation,State Universities,Distance Education,Feedback (Response),Course Descriptions,College Faculty,Case Studies,Educational Resources,Efficiency,Educational Quality,Peer Relationship,Teacher Student Relationship,Scoring Rubrics,Evaluation Criteria,College Students

This study examines the development and implementation of a distance education course review process at a mid-sized public university. Four primary goals were set for the process: to provide substantive feedback, to cultivate engagement between DE faculty and staff, to provide support to course developers and reviewers, and to establish an effective balance between faculty resources and the value of feedback generated through the process. Feedback was collected through a survey of participating developers and reviewers (n=52). Responses broadly supported achievement of the four primary goals. Those who participated in multiple roles gave stronger ratings on all survey questions than those who participated through a single role. Based on qualitative and quantitative feedback, strengths and weaknesses of the process are discussed along with recommendations for institutions developing or refining a DE course review process.
Detecting Mind-Wandering from Eye Movement and Oculomotor Data during Learning Video Lecture
Author: Jang, DongMin
Date: 2020-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Attention Control,Eye Movements,Video Technology,Audiovisual Instruction,Preservice Teachers,Foreign Countries,Motor Reactions

The purpose of this study was to detect mind-wandering experienced by pre-service teachers during a video learning lecture on physics. The lecture was videotaped and consisted of a live lecture in a classroom. The lecture was about Gauss's law on physics. We investigated whether oculomotor data and eye movements could be used as a marker to indicate the learner's mind-wandering. Each data was collected in a study in which 24 pre-service teachers (16 females and 8 males) reported mind-wandering experience through self-caught method while learning physics video lecture during 30 min. A Tobii Pro Spectrum (sampling rate: 300 Hz) was used to capture their eye-gaze during learning Gauss's law through a course video. After watching the video lecture, we interviewed pre-service teachers about their mind-wandering experience. We first used the self-caught method to capture the mind-wandering timing of pre-service teachers while learning from video lectures. We detected more accurate mind-wandering segments by comparing fixation duration and saccade count. We investigated two types of oculomotor data (blink count, pupil size) and nine eye movements (average peak velocity of saccades; maximum peak velocity of saccades; standard deviation of peak velocity of saccades; average amplitude of saccades; maximum amplitude of saccades; total amplitude of saccades; saccade count/s; fixation duration; fixation dispersion). The result was that the blink count could not be used as a marker for mind-wandering during learning video lectures among them (oculomotor data and eye movements), unlike previous literatures. Based on the results of this study, we identified elements that can be used as mind-wandering markers while learning from video lectures that are similar to real classes, among the oculomotor data and eye movement mentioned in previous literatures. Additionally, we found that most participants focused on past thoughts and felt unpleasant after experiencing mind-wandering through interview analysis.
Exploring Students&apos; Metacognitive Knowledge: The Case of Integral Calculus
Author: Radmehr, Farzad
Date: 2020-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Calculus,Mathematics Instruction,Metacognition,College Freshmen,Secondary School Students,Knowledge Level,Mathematical Concepts,Problem Solving,Mathematics Skills,Learning Strategies,Notetaking

Previous studies of integral calculus have mainly explored students' conceptual and procedural knowledge; only a few have focused on students' metacognition in relation to integral calculus. The study reported here explored students' metacognitive knowledge of integral calculus by interviewing nine first-year university and eight Year 13 students. The design of the interview questions was based on the structure of metacognitive knowledge in Revised Bloom's Taxonomy. The findings suggest there are differences between students' metacognitive knowledge at Year 13 and the first year of university. In particular, the importance of knowing the rationale behind the theorems and formulas was not obvious for Year 13 students. Moreover, students' metacognitive knowledge could be developed further at both levels, particularly in terms of developing strategies to identify how integral calculus questions could be solved and to check the outcome of problem-solving.
Examination of Occupational Resilience Beliefs of In-Service and Pre-Service Early Childhood Education Teachers According to Different Variables
Author: Dönmez, Özlem
Date: 2018-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Resilience (Psychology),Occupational Aspiration,Preservice Teachers,Early Childhood Teachers,Predictor Variables,Teacher Attitudes,Student Attitudes,Tenure,Foreign Countries

Occupational resilience contributes teachers to adapt difficult conditions of teaching, to deal with obstacles and to maintain professional commitment. The purpose of this research is to compare the occupational resilience beliefs of early childhood education teachers and preservice teachers. In accordance with this purpose, whether there is a significant difference between the occupational resilience beliefs of teachers and pre-service teachers, whether there is a significant difference in the occupational resilience beliefs of teachers according to their seniority and whether there is a significant difference in the occupational resilience beliefs of pre-service teachers according to type of university, the relational screening model has been used. The data is collected from 275 participants via Occupational Resilience Beliefs Scale for Teacher Candidates. As the results of statistical analysis, there is a significant difference in the occupational resilience beliefs of early childhood education teachers and pre-service early childhood education teachers in favor of early childhood education teachers. On the other hand, there is no significant difference in the occupational resilience beliefs of teachers according to their seniority. There is no significant difference in the occupational resilience beliefs of pre-service teachers according to the type of university. The findings are discussed in the framework of the relevant literature. [This study was presented at 5th International Early Childhood Education Congress in October 20, 2017, Ankara.]
Academicians&apos; Views on Digital Transformation in Education
Author: Balyer, Aydin
Date: 2018-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Educational Technology,Technology Uses in Education,College Faculty,Technology Integration,Teacher Attitudes,Educational Change,Foreign Countries,Change Strategies,Educational Environment,Teacher Competencies,Teacher Role,Administrator Role

It is seen that changing information and communication technologies affect and even transform things in almost every area of the digital age that we have in conjunction with Industry 4.0 and globalization. These rapid changes and transformations in the world affect education both as a structure and as learning environments. One of these values has been the digital transformation. As the increasing use of technology in every day and learning environments, now most of the students are born to a digital world. In this context, this study was designed with a phenomenological research design as the qualitative approach in order to determine academics' views on digital transformation in education in terms of program and management processes. The working group consists of 20 faculty members working at 9 different universities in the Department of Educational Sciences. The data were collected with a semi-structured interview form. Results reveal that in the digital transformation process, managers must first create a vision to generate and managed accordingly for an effective learning environment. According to another result, it is possible that school shareholders are involved in this transformation process by letting them access the place and time by supporting content and infrastructure which is technologically appropriate. It is recommended that educational administrators and program specialists be ready for this transformation and have the qualities to manage this transformation. [This study was presented as an oral presentation at GLOBETS (An International Conference on Education, Technology and Science) held in Belgrade, Serbia on 6-9 May 2018.]
It Takes a Village: Listening to Parents
Author: Bolaji, Stephen
Date: 2020-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Immigrants,Academic Aspiration,Higher Education,Cultural Differences,Youth,Drug Abuse,Pregnancy,Adolescents,Suicide,Behavior Problems,Parent Attitudes,Postsecondary Education,Foreign Countries,Public Policy,Knowledge Level,Access to Education

The study was premised on the concern of the migrant African parents about their children's lack of aspiration for higher education after completing their secondary education in the Northern Territory (NT), Australia. There appears to be little understanding of, or confusion around, the different pathways available to higher education in Australia. The reports and anecdotes around African youths in the NT demonstrating antisocial behaviors, including, but not limited to drug offences, teen pregnancies and suicides prompted this research. These troubling behaviors have culminated in the death of two young boys in the African community in Darwin 2016 and another girl in 2019 in Kathrine. The study comprises of African parents who migrated to NT in Australia from different demographics in Africa. This study used a questionnaire and semi-structured interviews to investigate African parents' perception of their child's post-secondary school aspiration. The outcome of this investigation revealed a lack of understanding of the NT Australian school systems and reporting strand on their children performance and the different pathways through which their children can access higher education in Australia. This study provided four recommendations to help African parents understand the NT Australian government policies and programs on education.
Read Like Me: An Intervention for Struggling Readers
Author: Young, Chase
Date: 2020-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Reading Difficulties,Intervention,Oral Reading,Reading Instruction,Grade 2,Males,Dyslexia,Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder,Reading Improvement

The current study reports on a reading intervention method titled Read Like Me. The intervention utilizes a stacked approach of research-based methods, including reading aloud, assisted reading, and repeated reading. The student involved was a second-grade boy reading below grade level who was identified as dyslexic and diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactive disorder. Using a single-case experimental design, the intervention was monitored in four phases, including a baseline, intervention coupled with regular schooling, intervention only, and a return to baseline. The results indicated that the intervention combined with regular schooling improved his reading expression and rate and also his decoding skills, word knowledge, and reading comprehension. In conclusion, the authors offer Read Like Me as one more intervention that may be a viable option for teachers in their effort to support developing readers.
Assessing and Enhancing Pre-Service Physics Teachers&apos; Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) through Reflective Cores Construction
Author: Aydeniz, Mehmet
Date: 2018-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Preservice Teachers,Physics,Science Teachers,Pedagogical Content Knowledge,Evaluation Methods,Reflection,Heat,Science Instruction,Misconceptions,Teaching Methods

The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of Content Representations (CoRes) construction, and reflective peer discussions on pre-service physics teachers' pedagogical content knowledge (PCK). Participants consisted of 16 third year pre-service physics teachers; 12 females and 4 males. The results show that the majority of participants made positive improvements to their initial PCK. Participants became more knowledgeable about students' misconceptions, developed improved orientations to teaching, and suggested more responsive instructional strategies and assessment strategies along with more elaborate justifications. Discussion focuses on implications of these results for professional development of pre-service science teachers and research on PCK.
Combining Surveys and Sensors to Explore Student Behaviour
Author: Kontro, Inkeri
Date: 2020-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Student Surveys,Student Behavior,Group Membership,Interpersonal Competence,Cooperative Learning,Physics,College Science,Foreign Countries,Student Characteristics,Science Laboratories,Student Attitudes,Group Dynamics,School Holding Power,College Freshmen,Computer Software

Student belongingness is important for successful study paths, and group work forms an important part of modern university physics education. To study the group dynamics of introductory physics students at the University of Helsinki, we collected network data from seven laboratory course sections of approximately 20 students each for seven consecutive weeks. The data was collected via the SocioPatterns platform, and supplemented with students' major subject, year of study and gender. We also collected the Mechanics Baseline Test to measure physics knowledge and the Colorado Learning Attitudes about Science Survey to measure attitudes. We developed metrics for studying the small networks of the laboratory sessions by using connections of the teaching assistant as a constant. In the network, we found both demographically homogeneous and heterogeneous groups that are stable. While some students are consistently loosely connected to their networks, we were not able to identify risk factors. Based on our results, the physics laboratory course is equally successful in building strongly connected groups regardless of student demographics in the sections or the formed small groups. SocioPatterns supplemented with surveys thus provides an opportunity to look into the dynamics of students' social networks.
Fluency Interventions for Elementary Students with Reading Difficulties: A Synthesis of Research from 2000-2019
Author: Hudson, Alida
Date: 2020-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Oral Reading,Reading Fluency,Elementary School Students,Intervention,Reading Difficulties,Program Effectiveness,Accuracy,Suprasegmentals,Sustainability,Reading Rate,Reading Strategies,Repetition,Listening,Effect Size,Reading Comprehension

Oral reading fluency (ORF) deficits are a hallmark of reading difficulties. The impact of fluency struggles extends beyond word-level difficulties to include deficits in reading comprehension. Sixteen empirical studies conducted in 2000-2019 that examined ORF interventions among elementary students identified as having reading difficulties were reviewed to identify the characteristics (e.g., instructional variables, group size, type of interventionist) of effective ORF interventions and their impact on English oral reading fluency and reading comprehension outcomes. The systematic review revealed that interventions reported centered around repeated reading procedures (86.5%). Across the 16 studies, outcomes for oral reading fluency varied widely and most focused on speed and rate aspects rather than prosody. Effect sizes for rate and accuracy measures ranged from negligible to large (i.e., 0.01 to 1.18) and three studies found large effects for prosody outcomes. Effect sizes for reading comprehension ranged between non-significant and large significant effects. Findings support the use of repeated reading of text to build up ORF of students with reading difficulties. Interventions that were found to be most effective were those that were conducted one-on-one with a trained model of fluent word reading and accuracy. Findings also point to three gaps in our understanding: (1) the efficacy of interventions other than repeated reading, (2) effects of ORF interventions on prosody outcomes, and (3) sustainability of outcomes.