ethanporcaro/eric-fulltext-meta huggingface dataset:
Rate of Perineal Injuries and Episiotomy in a Sample of Women at Maternity Teaching Hospital in Erbil City
Author: Ali, Huda Juma'a
Date: 2016-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Surgery,Pregnancy,Females,Injuries,Hospitals,Individual Characteristics,Incidence,Questionnaires,Obstetrics

Background and Objectives: Episiotomy is a surgical incision done during the last stages of labor and delivery to expand the opening of the vagina to prevent tearing of the perineum during the delivery of the baby. The objectives of this study are to estimate episiotomy and perineal injury rate, indication for episiotomy and their association with socio-demographic characteristics. Patients and Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted between 1st.april.2015-1st.oct.2015 at maternity Teaching Hospital in Erbil city; convenient sampling was used to select the study sample (all 500 pregnant women admitted for normal vaginal delivery during period of study). Information about episiotomy, post-natally immediately after birth of child in labor room and socio-demographic characteristics were obtained from patients and midwifes. Results: The results revealed that the episiotomy rate was 44.2%, perineal injury rate 18.4%, perineal rigidity is first indication for episiotomy which represented 65.6% of cases followed by maternal exhaustion 12.2%. Significant association seen between episiotomy, perineal injury rate with several parameters under study, rather than there was also significant association was seen between episiotomy and perineal injury rate. Conclusion: Episiotomy and perineal injury rate was considered acceptable rate even it is higher than what was reported in developed countries as well as the result revealed that episiotomy was minimizing the rate of perineal injury.
Bibliotherapy as a Problem-Solving Skill of Counsellors and Teachers for Character and Skills Development in Ogun State, Nigeria
Author: Shem, Magaji
Date: 2016-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Bibliotherapy,Problem Solving,Skill Development,School Counselors,Emotional Disturbances,Public Schools,Secondary School Students,Values Education,Emotional Problems,Program Effectiveness,Outcomes of Treatment,Questionnaires,Likert Scales

Emotional disturbance is a psychological situation in which one's feelings are heightened, causing anxiety to set in. This disturbance can lead to low academic achievements in affected students. It takes away children's attention from realities and this affect their academic, character and skills development that are of benefit to the individual emotionally disturbed student and his community. Bibliotherapy is one of the solutions to emotional disturbance and as a problem-solving skill of counsellors, bibliotherapy will be understood if applied to students at the secondary school level, a time they can read and assimilate content of therapeutic material in a book. Causes of emotional problem in children are many and come in different ways, ranging from death of loved ones to reasons that make children become disturbed. A survey research designed was used to obtained respondents' opinion on perceived effect of problem-solving skills of counsellors on emotionally disturbed students in public secondary schools in Ogun State, Nigeria. A sample of 267 respondents, gave a grand mean of 4.50 and a standard variation of 0.607 established the effectiveness of bibliotherapy problem-solving skills of counsellors. The study concluded that bibliotherapy is a problem-solving skill of counsellors on emotional problems.
A Gender Based Study on Job Satisfaction among Higher Secondary School Heads in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, (Pakistan)
Author: Mumtaz, Safina
Date: 2016-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Gender Differences,Job Satisfaction,School Policy,Teaching Conditions,Work Environment,Statistical Analysis,Comparative Analysis,Sampling,Secondary Schools,Administrator Attitudes,School Districts,Questionnaires,Foreign Countries

The purpose of the study was to analyze and compare the job satisfaction with twenty dimensions of male and female higher secondary school heads in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. A total of 108 higher secondary school heads were selected from eleven districts as sample through multi-stage sampling technique in which 66 were male and 42 were female. The study was descriptive in nature and therefore, quantitative and survey research design was used. A modified version of standardized tool &quot;Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ)&quot; was used for data collection. Raw data was collected, organized, classified, tabulated, coded and analyzed. For statistical analysis, proper descriptive statistics i.e., mean, standard deviation, percentage and inferential statistics i.e., t-test were employed through statistical software SPSS version 17. The findings showed that on the whole, higher secondary school heads were found satisfied intrinsically and extrinsically with their job position except five dimensions i.e. ability utilization, supervision (HR), supervision (technical), school policies and working conditions. Furthermore, no significant difference was found between male and female higher secondary school heads' satisfaction with regard to intrinsic and extrinsic dimensions of their job position except ability utilization and compensation. Based on findings, it was suggested that Ministry of Education should formulate effective and productive policies favorable to the workforce of education department. Constructive and productive steps should be taken by the Ministry of Education, Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and school administrators to ensure conducive working conditions by providing basic facilities and special budget. Technically supervision on the behalf of the district education officers may be conducted by ADEOs etc. who may properly train for dealing with public and handling the issues wisely.
Survey of Poetry Reading Strategy as the Modern Tool to Identify Poetry Reading Strategies
Author: Ebrahimi, Shirin Shafiei
Date: 2016-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Poetry,Reading Strategies,English (Second Language),Second Language Learning,Second Language Instruction,Creativity,Student Surveys,Student Attitudes,Problem Solving,Graduate Students,Foreign Countries,Foreign Students,Gender Differences,Likert Scales,Statistical Analysis,Academic Discourse

This study examines common strategies that English as a Foreign language (EFL) students employ when reading English poetry. To identify the strategies, a survey was designed for data collection from TESL students. The result shows that students significantly tend to use the strategies that require their creativity to construct new ideas in the meaning making of poetry. Therefore, global strategies are the strategy that they use more than problem solving followed by support strategies. This study is an important issue to consider since reading strategies assist readers to recognize that the reading strategies help them understand poetry more effectively. As a result, it is meaningful to explore reading strategies that are used in reading poetry.
Attitude of Secondary Level Students towards Their School Climate
Author: Musheer, Zainab
Date: 2016-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Secondary School Students,Student Attitudes,Educational Environment,Demography,Gender Differences,Language of Instruction,English,Indo European Languages,Parent Background,Comparative Analysis,Research Methodology,Statistical Analysis

The present study attempts to know the attitude of secondary school students towards their school climate. It explores their attitude with reference to certain demographic variables like gender, medium of instruction in the school and educational level of parents. The study has been conducted on the sample of 358 students studying at various secondary level schools of India. The tool of Hatboro-Horsham (2008) was adapted to meet the requirement of the present study. The findings of the study revealed that there is a significant difference in the attitude of secondary school students with reference to their gender and medium of instruction. However, no difference has been found in the attitude of secondary school students towards school climate in relation to their parental education.
The Effectiveness of Psychological and Social Services for the Elderly in Their Own Institutions from Their Perspective in Jordan
Author: AL-Momani, Fackri Falha
Date: 2016-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Psychological Services,Social Services,Older Adults,Health Services,Recreational Activities,Program Effectiveness,Questionnaires,Residential Care,Participant Satisfaction,Change Strategies,Statistical Analysis

This study aimed to identify the effectiveness of psychological, social, health and recreational services provided for the elderly in their own institutions from their point of view. The study sample consisted of 50 elderly of both sexes living in the &quot;White family Association&quot; and &quot;the Association of Irbid for hosting the elderly&quot; in Jordan has been designed scale by preparing a questionnaire consisting of four psychological, social, health and recreational paragraphs, and used the interview way to apply the scale on the sample data were analyzed and extraction of frequencies and percentages for answers to the study sample and paragraphs personnel questionnaire using statistical treatments through statistical packages program (spss), the results of the study have shown to exist over the average of the effectiveness of social services for the elderly and the presence of over a high level of effectiveness of psychological and health and recreational services provided for the elderly in the institutions them, and in the light of the objectives of the study and its results, the researchers recommended to encourage and educate the family to care for the elderly, better than social institutions because they feel the psychological and social comfort in the fact most of their family members, and the need to improve and develop the various services provided to the elderly in their own institutions.
Role of King Abdullah II Fitness Award in Improving the Physical Level of the Tenth Grade from the Point of View of Teachers in the Northern Governorates
Author: Doum, Hamed Mohammed
Date: 2016-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Physical Fitness,Grade 10,Teacher Attitudes,Questionnaires,Teacher Surveys,Program Effectiveness,Gender Differences,Qualifications,Expertise,Awards,Physical Activity Level,Health Promotion,Statistical Analysis

The study aimed to identify the role of King Abdullah II fitness award in improving the physical level to the tenth grade from the point of view of teachers in the of Northern region governates. The researcher used the descriptive survey method for its suitability to the objectives of the study, the researcher built a questionnaire that consisted of (20) items and confirmed its validity and reliability, a sample of 183 teachers were chosen from the northern governorates (Irbid, Ajloun, Jerash). The results showed a high degree to the role of King Abdullah fitness award in improving the physical level of the tenth grade in the north northern governorates. And that there were no statistically significant differences at the level of (0.05) for the role of King Abdullah fitness award in improving the physical level to the tenth grade in the Northern Governorates according to the variables of (gender, scientific expertise, qualification). The study suggested some recommendations like giving importance to the award implementation, encouraging the students towards fitness exercise to improve their physical level, raising awareness among all students and teachers of the importance of the award.
Effect of &quot;Focus on Form&quot; versus &quot;Focus on Forms&quot; Pragmatic Instruction on Development of Pragmatic Comprehension and Production
Author: Rafieyan, Vahid
Date: 2016-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Pragmatics,Teaching Methods,Linguistic Competence,Undergraduate Students,English (Second Language),Instructional Effectiveness,Foreign Countries,Second Language Instruction,Multivariate Analysis,Comprehension,Intermode Differences

To develop target language pragmatic competence, language learners' attention must be directed toward not only linguistic but also pragmatic aspect of the target language expressions (Schmidt, 2001). Thus, some sorts of pragmatic awareness-raising instruction, using either explicit &quot;Focus on Forms&quot; or implicit &quot;Focus on Form&quot; techniques, are advised by scholars to develop pragmatic competence in language learners (e.g. Eslami-Rasekh, 2005; Bardovi-Harlig &amp; Mahan-Taylor, 2003). To this end, the current experimental study was conducted on 52 undergraduate students of English at a university in Iran to investigate the effect of &quot;Focus on Form&quot; versus &quot;'Focus on Forms&quot; pragmatic instruction on the development of their pragmatic comprehension and production. The experiment consisted of three phases: 1) the random assignment of participants to two groups: a &quot;Focus on Forms&quot; group receiving metapragmatic explanations of target language pragmatic forms and a &quot;Focus on Form&quot; group receiving target language pragmatic instruction using input enhancement, input flood, and recast, 2) conducting intervention for one semester, and 3) assessing their pragmatic comprehension and production knowledge following the intervention. Assessment tools consisted of a 4-senario discourse completion task and a 16-item multiple-choice pragmatic comprehension test both developed by Taguchi (2012). The results of multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) revealed that both &quot;Focus on Form&quot; and &quot;Focus on Forms&quot; methods of pragmatic instruction had a significant effect on the development of pragmatic comprehension and production. However, language learners in &quot;Focus on Forms&quot; group had a significantly better development than language learners in the &quot;Focus on Form&quot; group. This significant development was evident for both the comprehension and production aspects of pragmatic competence. The pedagogical implications of the findings suggested furnishing English as foreign language classes with &quot;Focus on Forms&quot; pragmatic instruction.
An Analysis of HIV and AIDS Spatial Awareness and Vulnerability Level with Specific Reference to Staff at One Polytechnic in Zimbabwe
Author: Gatsi, Caroline
Date: 2016-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS),Foreign Countries,Questionnaires,Focus Groups,Interviews,Knowledge Level,Health Promotion,School Policy,Prevention,Health Services,Disease Control,Guidelines,Social Discrimination,Teacher Attitudes,Employee Attitudes,Mixed Methods Research,College Faculty,Health Education,Consciousness Raising,School Personnel

With the gravity of the HIV and AIDS situation in most African nations and its implications for the education sector, a study was undertaken to analyze the spatial awareness and vulnerability level to pandemic in tertiary institutions with specific reference to academic and support staff at one polytechnic in Zimbabwe. A sample comprised of sixty-five academic and forty support staff was selected through stratified random sampling from a target population of five hundred and twenty-five. For data triangulation institutional administrators were purposively selected to participate in the study. A semi-structured questionnaire, focus group discussions and interviews were used to collect data from the participants. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze quantitative data while qualitative data was analyzed manually according to themes. The findings from the study revealed that it is critical for learning institutions to have an HIV and AIDS policy framework to facilitate employees' acquisition of knowledge on HIV and AIDS pandemic, resulting in them experiencing healthy lives. In the study it was noted that the institution under study has no institutional HIV and AIDS policy framework, thus issues to do with awareness, prevention, treatment and care of the same are done in an uncoordinated manner. Therefore this triggers existence of cases where those living with the disease are stigmatized. The study also revealed some strategies, which can be used to reduce negative effects of failure to have an institutional policy, among them the provision of employees with basic information on transmission, protection, treatment, care and support. It can be concluded that an institutional HIV and AIDS policy was acknowledged to be an important framework guiding activities on education and training related to the epidemic. At the institution under study members of staff encounter challenges on issues to do with HIV and AIDS prevention, care and support of the infected and affected staff, resulting in high vulnerability level to the pandemic. Having an institutional policy to provide framework for the effective operation in fight against the epidemic through provision of adequate information, education and training is recommended. Thus with this notion it is probable that stigmatization and discrimination indignations may be curtailed.
The Effect of the Psychomotor Program on Sugar Level in the Blood among the Elderly
Author: El Azzab, Saida
Date: 2016-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Diabetes,Prevention,Older Adults,Life Style,Exercise Physiology,Physical Activities,Questionnaires,Life Satisfaction,Foreign Countries,Health Promotion,Quasiexperimental Design,Psychological Patterns,Likert Scales,Mental Health,Intervention,Individual Characteristics,Nurses,Probability

Background: Psychology has also proven to be helpful in developing and evaluating diabetes prevention programs, aimed at helping persons at risk for diabetes to achieve lasting lifestyle changes. There are psychological and chemical advantages of doing physical exercise over eating. Nurses caring for patients with diabetes need to be working towards the same objectives, therefore determining priorities for managing their condition are important aspects of care. Aim: this study aimed to assess the effect of the psycho-motor program on sugar level in the blood among the elderly. Setting: the Internal Medicine and, Diabetes &amp; Endocrinology of the University Hospital, Dar El-Khar &amp; Baraka, Dar El-Halala Al-Ahmer and El- Noer &amp; El-Amal in the Beni Suef Center at Beni Suef Governorate. Subjects: A sample of convenience of 150 patients of the diabetic elderly recruited from four places. Tools: Data were one tool consisting of three parts, socio-demographic questionnaire, the psychological pressures questionnaire and Life satisfaction scale. The results: The findings of this study indicated that, application of the program leads to reduced levels of fasting and cumulative blood sugar. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that, It shows that there were many statistically significant associations between, reduction of blood glucose level; reduce the duration of walking 2 km and life satisfaction.
An Assessment of the Attitudes of Students towards History and Government in Selected Secondary Schools in Bomet County in Kenya
Author: David, Rono
Date: 2016-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Secondary School Students,Student Attitudes,History,Government (Administrative Body),Student Interests,Principals,Secondary School Teachers,Questionnaires,Semi Structured Interviews,Statistical Analysis,Gender Differences

History and Government is a subject that is an integral part of the Kenyan secondary school curriculum. Over the years, many students have been developing little or no interest in the subject because it is perceived as being marginal as compared to sciences. Several studies in Kenya have discovered that performance in secondary schools is hugely determined by students' capacity and motivation to learn. Thus, this study thus set out to establish the cause of this decline in interest of students towards History and Government in secondary schools. The study sought to determine the attitudes of form two and three students towards History and Government in Selected Secondary Schools in Bomet County. The target population comprised of all public secondary schools, all the fifty two principals, all the History and Government teachers teaching History and Government in form two and form three and all the students taking History and Government in the study area. From the target population, the researcher used stratified random sampling to select 18 secondary schools, 18 school principals, 24 History and Government teachers and 410 forms 2 and 4 students taking History and Government. The researcher used both closed questionnaire to obtain information from History and Government teachers and students. Semi-structured interview schedule was used to elicit information from school principals. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the collected data using SPSS software. Out of the four hundred and ten students who responded to the questionnaire 71% of them expressed that they enjoy learning History and Government. 87.3% of the students considered the subject useful for their future careers. Only 12.7% responded that they do not enjoy learning History and Government the main reason being that it is not enjoyable since it lacked room for creativity and challenging content and its lessons are hence boring. 88.9% of principals agreed that students in their schools like History and Government. The reason given by the principals was that history leads one to pursue arts related courses. 66.7% of the principals responded that it should continue being an optional subject in secondary schools. The research concluded that majority of the students had positive attitude towards History and Government. The research recommended that principals and teachers should endeavor to cultivate positive attitude in students for all the subjects since most teachers encourage the students to take sciences more seriously than humanities. More research should be carried out to determine the major reason why the failure and low interest of students in the subject in the study area is still persistent.