ethanporcaro/eric-fulltext-meta huggingface dataset:
The Driving Forces behind Monolingual and Bilingual English-Medium Instruction: A Comparison of Students&apos; Perspectives in Turkey
Author: Sahan, Özgür
Date: 2021-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Language of Instruction,English (Second Language),Higher Education,Bilingual Education,Monolingualism,Student Attitudes,Undergraduate Students,Language Proficiency,Outcomes of Education,Engineering Education,Student Motivation,Employment Qualifications

Due to the internationalization of higher education and the widespread use of English as an academic lingua franca, universities are increasingly choosing to introduce English-medium instruction (EMI) programs. However, EMI programs are neither monolithic nor English-only in their implementation. Although research has acknowledged the variation with which EMI is implemented across contexts, little is known about students' motivations for choosing monolingual and bilingual EMI programs or how students' beliefs about these programs compare. This study attempts to address this gap by examining students' motivations and beliefs about the academic and professional benefits and challenges of studying in monolingual (full) and bilingual (partial) EMI engineering programs in Turkey. A questionnaire was administered to 198 undergraduate students, and the responses of students in full and partial EMI programs were compared. The results revealed significant differences between groups with respect to motivations for EMI study, with students on full EMI programs more optimistic about the professional benefits of EMI compared to students on partial EMI programs. Differences were also found regarding students' self-reported English proficiency and beliefs about the academic benefits of EMI programs. The findings are discussed in line with EMI policy and language support.
The &apos;Sink or Swim&apos; Dilemma: Mindsets of Successful and Underachieving EFL Learners at a School of Foreign Languages
Author: Ispanar Akcayoglu, Duygu
Date: 2021-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Underachievement,Second Language Learning,Second Language Instruction,English (Second Language),Study Habits,Learning Motivation,Academic Persistence,Learner Engagement,Foreign Countries,Phenomenology,Student Attitudes,Teacher Attitudes,Administrator Attitudes,Academic Achievement,Undergraduate Students,Language of Instruction,College Preparation

The purpose of the present study is to explore the mindset of successful and underachieving EFL learners at a school of foreign languages in a state university through stakeholders' perceptions. The study adopted a phenomenological design. Data were collected through interviews conducted with 16 participants, comprising four successful students, four underachieving students, four instructors and four administrators. The semi-structured interviews explored the participants' views and experiences regarding the phenomenon of success in a preparatory year foreign language programme. The findings obtained from the study provide insights into the characteristics attributed to the mindset of successful and underachieving learners in the Turkish context. Self-study habits, motivation, regular study habits, perseverance, and student engagement were the common characteristics shared by teachers, instructors and administrators. Whilst most factors attributed to success were shared by all the stakeholders, factors attributed to underachievement demonstrated differences between the groups. The results are believed to have the potential to contribute to the understanding of the phenomenon of success and the design of guidance practices in an SFL.
Instructional Supervision and the COVID-19 Pandemic: Perspectives from Principals
Author: Brock, Jesse D.
Date: 2021-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Instructional Leadership,Instructional Effectiveness,Educational Quality,Electronic Learning,School Closing,COVID-19,Pandemics,Teacher Administrator Relationship,Middle School Teachers,High School Teachers,Interpersonal Communication,Success,Principals,Administrator Attitudes,Sense of Community,School Supervision

Six questions that instructional supervisors have been faced with and had to respond to during the COVID-19 crisis include: (a) How do we support teachers in the transition from face-to-face to virtual classes and meetings; (b) How do we focus on addressing the needs of teachers while engaged in remote or online learning; (c) How do we maintain communication, contact, and relationships with teachers; (d) How do we celebrate successes as teachers work with students in the virtual world; (e) How do we assess the quality of the teaching-learning process; and (f) How do we plan for the next steps? Within the scholar-practitioner theoretical model, this study narrates how two principals in Texas addressed each of these six questions. The case studies presented could be used as historical accounts, meaning that leaders could learn from their successes and their mistakes as they move to the next phase of reopening schools.
Vocabulary Size: Experiences of Successful Vocabulary Learners in EFL Context
Author: Bektas Cetinkaya, Yesim
Date: 2021-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Vocabulary Development,Second Language Learning,Second Language Instruction,English (Second Language),Word Frequency,Retention (Psychology),Majors (Students),Undergraduate Students,Teacher Education Programs,Computer Games,Online Searching,Television Viewing,Films,Student Attitudes,Language Proficiency,Language Teachers,Social Media,Computer Mediated Communication,Comparative Analysis,Foreign Countries

This study assesses vocabulary size of university students in an EFL context and unfolds the vocabulary development processes of successful learners through learners' reflective accounts. The study used a mixed methodology to collect and analyze the data. The quantitative data were collected from 93 university students who major in English Language Teaching (ELT) through vocabulary size test and the qualitative data through interviews with 11 participants who received the highest point from the vocabulary size test. The result of the study indicated that the vocabulary size of university students ranges from mid-frequency (6,000) to low-frequency (14,000) word families and the increase in vocabulary size is not linear from first to last year. It appears that individual learner's extramural English exposure from childhood to university plays a crucial role in the increase in vocabulary size rather than formal schooling. Technology use in the form of playing computer games, using online sites, and watching TV series and movies facilitate the acquisition and retention of new vocabulary for these successful learners.
Learning Model Based on Democratic Life
Author: Sahin, Seyma
Date: 2021-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,College Students,Political Science,Democracy,Learning Processes,Models,Civil Rights,Action Research,Program Effectiveness,Student Attitudes,Learner Engagement,Classroom Environment,Elective Courses,Learning Activities,Discussion,Student Participation,Student Centered Learning,Instructional Design

Our research aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the democracy and human rights course taught with a &quot;Learning Model Based on Democratic Life.&quot; The study was conducted with an action research design. The research study group, determined using purposeful sampling, consisted of 10 students taking a Democracy and Human Rights course at a state university in Turkey. Data were collected using &quot;Process Evaluation Forms&quot; and &quot;Student Letters.&quot; Content analysis was used in the analysis of the data. We concluded that the students thought the Learning Model Based on Democratic Life supported their participation, was efficient and interesting, contributed to the formation of a democratic classroom environment, and enabled them to learn democracy in democratic ways.
Divergent Patterns of Variant Tag Questions in Pakistani English: A Corpus-Based Comparative Study
Author: Hussain, Zahida
Date: 2021-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Language Variation,Grammar,Computational Linguistics,Foreign Countries,Second Language Instruction,Second Language Learning,English (Second Language),Language of Instruction,Phrase Structure,Questioning Techniques,Contrastive Linguistics,Native Language,Adults,Self Concept

The research explores forms and function of variant tag questions (VTQs) in the native and non-native Englishes. For the said purpose, patterns of VTQs in Pakistani English are compared with two native (British and New Zealand) and two non-native (Indian and Singaporean) varieties. The components of the &quot;International Corpus of English,&quot; henceforth ICE (Greenbaum &amp; Nelson, 1996) of the said varieties, have been used. Each ICE component consists of one- million-word corpus of the regional variety, with a common design, in order to ensure maximum comparability between the components (Nelson 1996). The ICE samples the English of adults (age 18 or over) who have been educated through medium of English to at least the end of secondary schooling. Convenient sampling technique is used to collect data. All the possible tags were extracted using AntConc 3.5.9 and the collocation were then studied. The results revealed that VTQs are under-used in non-native Englishes while least used in Pakistani English. As for the forms of VTQs, Pakistani speakers follow the native speakers and observe the grammatical rules. The functions of VTQs are analysed in Pakistani English, following Axelsson's (2011) model, and compared with that of Indian English as both varieties share almost similar linguistic and sociocultural backgrounds. The results show that declarative VTQs are preferred to seek and exchange information in both the varieties. The research suggests that further linguistic entities may be explored to observe the similarities/differences in native and non-native varieties, including Indian and Pakistani Englishes, to establish their identities.
Indonesian Students&apos; Perception of Gender Equity in Education
Author: Mustofa
Date: 2021-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,College Students,Student Attitudes,Sex Fairness,Equal Education,Gender Differences,Gender Bias,Curriculum Development

This study aims to figure out the difference in perceptions of female and male students of gender equity in education by determining quantitative and qualitative approaches. To measuring the three-domain of gender equity in education (1) equity of access, (2) equity of opportunity in the learning process, and (3) equity of opportunity in educational achievement. We used questionnaires and distributed them to 111 students which are categorized into two genders; 59 female students, and 52 male students. Subsequently, depth interviews were carried out with 10 male students who were randomly chosen to investigate why male students did not accept fully gender equity in education. The independent t-test analysis was utilized to pointed out empirical facts. There was a significant difference in perception between female students and male students of gender equity in education. Gender equity have been coveted by many communities of society including the government. It is supposed to include gender equity material in the curriculum so that stakeholders and all school elements have awareness and are proactive in promoting gender equity in education.
Investigation of Parents&apos; Views Regarding the Recognition and Education of Specially Talented Individuals in Early Childhood Period
Author: Asik, Mesut
Date: 2021-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Parent Attitudes,Academically Gifted,Talent Identification,Preschool Children,Intelligence Tests,Educational Diagnosis

This study was conducted with the parents of 30 children aged between 7 and 15 years with a mean age of 9.47 who were officially diagnosed as gifted individuals. Parents' views on recognizing and training gifted individuals in early childhood were examined. It is aimed to determine the characteristics of gifted individuals in early childhood and to reveal parental experiences about their education. Parents of students attending Malatya Science and Art Center (BILSEM) participated in this research. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 30 parents who voluntarily participated in the study. In this study, which was carried out with a phenomenological design, which is one of the qualitative research methods, a transcript of each interview was written from the audio recordings for data analysis. The answers were grouped under the main coding title and categorized. Subcoding was obtained from the categorized responses. In the sub-coding, similar expressions gathered under one heading were listed and the final tables were obtained. The tables were analyzed and the findings were obtained. The results obtained from the findings were summarized and interpreted in line with the sub-problems of the research. From the results of the research, it is understood that the most distinctive features of gifted individuals in early childhood are the advanced level in learning, motivation and language-speaking. In order to recognize the child in the early period, giving importance to the education of parents and preschool teachers, directing them to intelligence tests and developing a diagnostic program for these children are among the findings.
In-Demand Soft Skills and Employability during and Post COVID-19: Evidence from EFL Teachers
Author: Tabieh, Ahmad A. S.
Date: 2021-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: 21st Century Skills,Soft Skills,Skill Development,Teamwork,Creativity,Critical Thinking,Innovation,Job Skills,Employment Potential,COVID-19,Pandemics,Second Language Instruction,English (Second Language),Language Teachers,Labor Demands,Employment Qualifications,Foreign Countries,Professionalism,Self Management,Stress Management,Communication Skills,Adjustment (to Environment),Time Management

The Interest in blending soft skills along with the cognitive ones in the EFL teaching field originates from dimensioning the drastic changes facing the world with the hit of the COVID-19. Eventually, EFL teachers are confronted with hostile situations that challenge individuals' ability to adapt to the work environment. Employers and teachers in this particular field need to recognize this reality because they should be prepared to transform the classical approaches of education and respond by teaching strategies to mitigate these difficulties. Through the quantitative method, a questionnaire and a survey that 121 experienced employers and 250 teachers have responded to, this paper provides EFL teachers with a clear perception about their required soft skills acquisition degrees that are demanded by employers in the EFL teaching field. The results showed a strong availability degree in Communication and Time management. It also showed a significantly positive correlation between the acquisition of the in-demand soft skills and the EFL teachers' performance. Moreover, this paper contributes in providing employers some practical strategies and tools to be utilized to enhance their EFL teachers' soft skills acquisition, thus, enhancing the teaching-learning process.
Learning Model and the Development of Micro, Small, Medium Entreprises in Indonesia
Author: Suryanti, Nunuk
Date: 2021-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Small Businesses,Entrepreneurship,Learning Processes,Workplace Learning,Informal Education,Community Cooperation,Social Capital,Cultural Capital,Social Values,Competition,Global Approach,Problem Solving,Foreign Countries

The purpose of this study is to describe how the learning process is based on the value of &quot;Gotong royong&quot; which occurs in the MSMEs community in order to face the challenges of high competition in the current era of globalization. Gotong royong is a principle of reciprocity. It means that it does not aim to get money or other materials but it is a hope that when needed there are those who help in the community of gotong royong. This study applied a qualitative method using case study approach. This study was conducted in the MSMEs community consisting of 43 members in various business in Malang of Indonesia. The data were gathered through indepth interview, observation and a group discussion. The learning process that occurs between the community members who are members of the community raises the value of gotong royong (mutual cooperation) in accordance with the vision and mission carried out. With this spirit of gotong royong, it can overcome the difficulties together to advance together in the face of globalization. From the learning model produced, it can be used as literature for policy holders such as the cooperative and community service agencies in developing the community based on the cultural perspective of gotong royong that is characteristic of Indonesian. The essence of this cultural value is a driving force for common progress which is the philosophy of the development of the people economy.
Development and Implementation of Mathematics Attitudes Scale for the Primary and Secondary Students
Author: Gülburnu, Mehmet
Date: 2021-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Test Construction,Student Attitudes,Mathematics Education,Elementary School Students,Secondary School Students,Attitude Measures,Gender Differences,Age Differences,Test Reliability,Test Validity,Factor Analysis,Foreign Countries

This study was aimed to develop an instrument to measure primary and secondary school students' attitudes toward mathematics and to find the underlying dimensions that comprise the attitudes toward mathematics. In addition, it was aimed to examine students' attitudes towards mathematics in terms of gender and grade level variables. For this purpose, a five-point Likert-type instrument consisting of 27 items to measure students' attitudes towards mathematics was prepared and applied. The validity and reliability of the instrument were made on the data obtained from 328 students selected by random sampling method among primary and secondary school students. As a result of the factor analysis performed to determine the construct validity of the instrument, it was seen that the factor loads of the scale items ranged from 0.44 to 0.75, the Kaiser-Meyer Olkin (KMO) value was 0.89, and the internal consistency coefficient (Cronbach alpha) value calculated for the reliability study was [alpha]=0.88. In addition, principal components factor analysis with varimax (orthogonal) rotation applied to find the sub-dimensions of the instrument revealed five factors: (1) in-class; (2) the nature of mathematics; (3) problem solving; (4) understanding and (5) self-efficacy. Findings related to validity and reliability studies show that the instrument has a valid and reliable structure. In addition, as a result of the application of the instrument, it was concluded that the mathematics attitudes of the students did not differ according to gender, but there was a significant difference in terms of grade level.
Development of an Instrument of Assertive Communication Scale Based on Yogyakarta Cultural Value
Author: Barida, Muya
Date: 2021-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Test Construction,Individual Characteristics,Interpersonal Communication,Junior High School Students,Foreign Countries,Test Items,Difficulty Level,Measures (Individuals),Culture,Values,Religious Factors

This research examines the difficulty pattern of assertive communication scale instrument items containing spiritual values. The research and development design applies ADDIE work procedures (Analysis, Design, Development or Production, Implementation or delivery and Evaluation). The participants of the item development and item difficulty test were 425 junior high school adolescents in Yogyakarta who were selected using stratified random sampling technique. The data analysis technique used the Rasch model. The findings show that the item difficulty pattern from the aspect of assertive communication contains cultural values which consists of 20 items indicating that item number 6, indicates that this item is the most difficult for respondents to agree on in the cultural value-based assertive communication scale instrument that has been answered by the respondent. Meanwhile, item number 19 is the item most respondents agree on.
Effectiveness of Code-Switching in Language Classroom in India at Primary Level: A Case of L2 Teachers&apos; Perspectives
Author: Kumar, Tribhuwan
Date: 2021-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Code Switching (Language),Teaching Methods,Language Teachers,Second Language Instruction,Student Attitudes,Teacher Attitudes,Bilingualism,English (Second Language),Native Language,Language of Instruction

The current study explores the effectiveness of code-switching (CS) in language classroom, a case of second language (L2) teachers' perspectives. Code-switching (CS) refers to a usage of the two languages in conversation and it also relates to a 'language mixing'. CS may occur between sentences, known as 'inter-sentential code-switching'; and it may also occur within a sentence, known as 'intra-sentential code-switching'. Code-switching is a linguistic feature of multi-lingual societies, as they are gifted with more privileges to use various languages. The current study points out the perceptions of language teachers towards code-switching in the classroom in the process of teaching and the purposes of code-switching in teaching. The data for the study includes the responses of the attitudinal test questions designed on a Likert Scale of 20 teacher- respondents from the two government schools of Delhi-NCR. The outcome of the study illustrates that the predominance of code-switching in the classrooms is used to interpret complex ideas, translate questions, seek confirmation, check students understanding, also to build solidarity and code-switching is most prevalent in primary education. Hence, code-switching is a distinctive linguistic requirement in education but there is a negative towards the use of CS in the classroom.
Does Problem-Based Learning Enhances Metacognitive Awareness of Economics Students?
Author: Wardoyo, Cipto
Date: 2021-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Problem Based Learning,Problem Solving,Economics Education,Microeconomics,Undergraduate Students,Knowledge Level,Correlation,Instructional Effectiveness,Metacognition,Foreign Countries

This study highlights the importance of metacognitive awareness of economics students and examines the relationship between Problem-Based Learning (PBL) and Metacognitive awareness among economics students. This research was conducted in the Faculty of Economics, Universitas Negeri Malang of Indonesia by employing economics students as the subject of the research. This study followed a classroom action research conducting in two cycles. Each cycle consists of four steps, namely planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting iteratively. The data were obtained adapted from the Metacognitive Awareness Inventory (MAI) instrument in order to understand the level of students' metacognitive awareness. The findings indicate that the level of students' metacognitive awareness is various and generally in the moderate category. After the implementation of problem-based learning, numerous students have moved to a greater level of metacognitive awareness. In this study, the noticeable changes were provided in three knowledge, including declarative, procedural, and conditional knowledge, while the lowest score was in debugging strategy. Lastly, having better metacognitive awareness helps students to overcome difficulties in economics topics.