ethanporcaro/eric-fulltext-meta huggingface dataset:
An Inquiry into Inquiry: Learning to Become a Literacy Researcher
Author: Johnson, Lindy L.
Date: 2012-07-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Qualitative Research,Educational Research,Research Methodology,Apprenticeships,Doctoral Degrees,Learning Processes,Statistical Analysis,Ethnography,Academic Discourse,Ideology,Scholarship,Graduate Students,Graduate Study,English Teacher Education,Literacy,Reflection,Personal Narratives

This narrative chronicles my journey as a doctoral student in English Education as I navigated the decision as to which research methodologies I should align myself with during my doctoral studies. Gee's theory of discourses (2012) provides a framework in which to situate the identity work at play in deciding the kind of research methods one should undertake. This decision reflects not only the kind of work one will engage in, but also ways of doing, being, valuing and believing (Gee, 2012). What are broadly considered to be quantitative research methods can be considered a dominant discourse in educational research since these are the types of studies that receive federal funding and most influence policy and reform. Yet there is a subculture within my own department in which qualitative research is the dominant discourse. These two dominant discourses became a source of tension for me as I developed my own scholarly identity. I explore how participating in a research apprenticeship during my first year helped to mediate the tensions between these competing discourses. During this research apprenticeship, I also investigated my own learning of the research process. Engaging in this kind of autoethnographic study (Ellis, 2004) helped me to bridge the seemingly insurmountable divide between quantitative and qualitative research. Rather than viewing various research methodologies as diametrically opposed, I came to see them as different discourses that could, perhaps, be inhabited equally well. This meta-knowledge of discourses (Gee, 2012) provided me with a better understanding of the ways in which all methodologies are inherently ideological and thus privilege and marginalise certain ways of knowing. Finally, I suggest that viewing research methods as discourses and encouraging doctoral students to participate in research apprenticeships early on while also investigating their own learning processes' may help them adapt more easily to the kinds of dispositions and ways of thinking valued in scholarly research. Becoming fluent in multiple discourses might also enable doctoral students to become &quot;border crossers&quot; (Ball &amp; Lampert, 1999), who translate and make connections between the different realms of quantitative and qualitative research methods. (Contains 2 figures.)
Making the Turn: Fostering an Inquiry Stance in Teacher Education
Author: Hulburt, Kevin J.
Date: 2012-07-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Professional Development Schools,Educational Research,Preservice Teacher Education,Inquiry,Student Projects,Preservice Teachers,Student Experience,Student Research,Research Methodology,Literature Reviews,English Instruction,Pragmatics

In this article, the authors describe how an examination of teacher candidate inquiry projects led to an examination of their own experiences as teacher education practitioner-researchers and competing narratives about education research. They describe how in the process of doing research, they came to recognise how their experiences and methodological decisions impacted the process of their inquiry and the implications they could claim. Through a review of abstracts for inquiry projects created over the past ten years by interns in a professional development school English education program, they explore how the grand narrative of educational research may affect the meaning of inquiry and how this may have implications for teacher education. They argue for pragmatic approaches that foster an inquiry stance in teacher candidates as a way to position future educators as autonomous knowledge-makers who have a prominent role in education research.
Rethinking Roles, Relationships and Voices in Studies of Undergraduate Student Writers
Author: Looker, Samantha
Date: 2012-07-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Undergraduate Students,Research Methodology,Researchers,Writing Skills,Educational Research,Student Research,Teacher Role,Student Role,English for Academic Purposes

Undergraduate students have a complex and often problematic history of representation in research on writing pedagogy. They have been described as novices and outsiders, while having minimal input into how they are studied and represented. In this piece, I share my efforts to rethink the roles and relationships among researchers and student participants, and particularly to rethink how students contribute to pedagogical research. In my recent experience working with six, undergraduate, student co-researchers, I found myself complicating not only the roles of students as research participants but also my own role as researcher, a role that became increasingly hard to extricate from those of teacher, colleague, advocate and friend. Such complications, I argue, are actually strengths and sources of especially rich data, for strong interpersonal connections lead to increased trust and engagement. Trusting, engaged students contribute information and examples that a researcher may not think to ask for. By blurring researcher and participant roles and foregrounding student voices, then, we can deepen the connections and conclusions made in pedagogical research, and students can be not just participants in our research but skilled researchers in their own lives. (Contains 10 footnotes.)
Serving Two Masters: A Reflective Narrative of Reconciling the Tensions Faced in Designing Doctoral Research
Author: Hyder, Eileen
Date: 2012-07-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Research Design,Research Methodology,Ethnography,Researchers,Doctoral Degrees,Student Projects,Graduate Students,Student Research,Visual Impairments,Reading Instruction,Reading Programs,Conflict

This paper presents a reflective narrative of the process of designing a PhD project. Using the analogy of the play "One Man, Two Guvnors," this paper discusses the tensions a beginning researcher faces in reconciling her own vision for a project with the academic demands of doctoral-level study. Focusing on an ethnographic study of a reading group for visually impaired people, the paper explores how the researcher's developing understanding of the considerations necessary when working with disabled people impacted on the research design. In particular, it focuses on the conflict faced by doctoral students when working in a paradigm that requires actively involving research participants, thereby relinquishing some control over the project. The aim of the paper is to provide an honest narrative that will resonate with other beginning researchers.
Unlearning to Learn: Investigating the Lived Experience of Learning English
Author: Hickey, Pamela J.
Date: 2012-07-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Learning Strategies,Second Language Learning,Phenomenology,English (Second Language),Student Experience,Elementary School Students,Public Schools,Misconceptions,Teaching Methods,Inquiry,Immigrants,Refugees,Personal Narratives

What is the journey of acquiring language? What is the journey of sharing it? These are the questions that compelled the hermeneutic phenomenological investigation (Gadamer, 1960/2004; van Manen, 1997) that led to this paper. Guided by the voice of Heidegger (1954/2008), I discovered the necessity of "un-learning to learn" in order to hear the voices of the elementary English learners who were at the heart of my study. Phenomenology, with its emphasis on lived experience, led me to a re-examination of my own language learning experiences as a point of connection to my participants. Through conversations and visits with elementary English learners, I sought to discover their experiences of learning English in a United States public school and to uncover insights with pedagogical and methodological implications. Through my phenomenological journey, I came to question my previously held conceptions of English learning and teaching. I have been transformed by this study through an un-learning of what I thought I knew and I am now working to re-learn what it means to teach. (Contains 4 footnotes.)
Teachers' Pedagogical Content Knowledge and Students' Learning Outcomes in Ball Game Instruction
Author: Creasy, Julia A.
Date: 2012-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Feedback (Response),Physical Education,Pedagogical Content Knowledge,Outcomes of Education,Team Sports,Teacher Effectiveness,Correlation,Elementary School Students,Physical Education Teachers,Specialists,Articulation (Education),Teaching Methods

Pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) has particular relevance for understanding the factors that contribute to high-quality teaching behaviors. This study sought to explore the relationship between teachers' PCK and students' opportunities related to learning outcomes in primary school physical education (PE), during ball game instruction. Data were collected from five female, primary PE specialist teachers and 125 students from the participating teachers' classes. Teacher PCK aligned with higher-level curriculum/developmental outcomes, greater student enjoyment and engagement, and more effective feedback for students. This research highlights the importance of PCK in accessing students' opportunities related to learning outcomes and student learning. (Contains 3 figures.)
Physical Activity and U.S. Public Elementary Schools: Implications for Our Profession
Author: Beaulieu, Lisa
Date: 2012-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Physical Education,Adventure Education,Obesity,Elementary Schools,Physical Activities,Geographic Location,Enrollment,Physical Activity Level,Educational Strategies,Minority Groups,Socioeconomic Status,Dance Education,Lunch Programs,Professional Development

Childhood obesity in the U.S. has reached crisis proportion. In response, public elementary schools have embarked on various methods to increase children's physical activity. The purpose of this study was to examine strategies by United States public elementary schools to increase children's physical activity. Of particular concern was how physical activity strategies were influenced by minority status, geographic location and socioeconomics. Data from the National Center for Education Statistics was analyzed. The top overall strategy employed by schools was non-traditional activities within a physical education program, e.g., dance, martial arts, and outdoor adventure activities. However, strategies to increase physical activity were significantly impacted by minority and socioeconomic status. Most notably, schools with the highest rate of minority enrollment were less likely to use non-traditional activities to encourage physical activity. Schools with the lowest rates of children enrolled in free/reduced price lunch were more likely to use non-traditional activities. Implications for physical education and professional preparation are discussed. (Contains 2 tables.)
Involvement of Ultramarathon Runners: Understanding Intention, Behavior, and Perceived Skill of the "Absolute Unitary Being"
Author: Mueller, Thomas S.
Date: 2012-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Intention,Measures (Individuals),Athletes,Behavior Patterns,Competition,Profiles,Predictor Variables,Multiple Regression Analysis,Affective Behavior,Cognitive Processes

Ultramarathon running, competing in distances beyond the 26.2 mile marathon, is one of the fastest growing segments of endurance competition. The sport has more than tripled in entrant size over the past 12 years and now attracts over 26,000 athletes on an annual basis. However, there is a limited understanding of what motivates individuals to pursue such a taxing physical and emotional activity. This study explored the dimensions of the Zaichkowsky Personal Involvement Inventory (PII) and the Laurent and Kapferer Consumer Involvement Profile (CIP) as predictors of ultramarathon runners' intention to participate, behavioral participation, and perceived skill level. Multiple regressions indicated that the cognitive and affective facets of the PII scale were significant in predicting the behavior and that the cognitive facet of the PII scale was a unique significant predictor of the perceived skill. In addition, it was found that the CIP affective dimensions of "pleasure" and "sign value" were unique significant predictors of the intention to participate. (Contains 2 figures and 3 tables.)
College Students' Usage of Personal Music Players (PMP) during Exercise
Author: Barney, David
Date: 2012-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Undergraduate Students,Music,Student Attitudes,Professional Services,Handheld Devices,Exercise,Questionnaires,Motivation,Physical Fitness

The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of personal music players (PMPs) during exercise, including their purpose(s), how they affect exercise, and the most common music listened to. A representative sample of 184 undergraduate students from two separate university wellness centers completed a 17-item, content validated questionnaire containing demographic information and questions related to music and exercise preference and music player use. The most popular types of music listened to during exercise were hip hop (27.7%), rock (24%), pop (20.3%), and country (12.7%). The most common modes of exercise while listening to a PMP were free weights (27.2%), treadmill (26%), machine weights (19.6%), and elliptical trainer (17.4%). The most common reasons to listen to a PMP were "to work out harder," (22.4%) "make the exercise seem easier," (21.4%) and "to work out longer" (20.2%). Significantly more participants indicated they would work out more frequently while using a PMP (53.3% yes; 26% no, 21% unsure; X2 33.70, 2, p equal to or less than 0.001). In this sample, music appears to serve as a motivating factor, making exercise more pleasant and seem easier. These results may have positive implications for fitness professionals encouraging new exercisers. (Contains 2 tables and 1 figure.)
Effects of a 10-Week High-Intensity Exercise Intervention on College Staff with Psychological Burnout and Multiple Risk Factors
Author: Dreyer, Lukas
Date: 2012-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Experimental Groups,Control Groups,Exercise,Fatigue (Biology),Intervention,Health Conditions,Physical Fitness,Risk,Psychology,Heart Disorders,Burnout,Stress Variables,Foreign Countries,Predictor Variables,Mental Health,Physical Health,Human Body,Physical Activities,Body Composition,Athletics,Correlation,Pretests Posttests,School Personnel

This study examined the effect of a 10-week physical exercise program on the health status of college staff. Eighty-one participants were pre-tested on 22 variables including physical fitness, biochemical status, psychological health, and morphological measures. Participants in an experimental group (n = 61) received a 10-week intervention consisting of aerobic activities and weight training whereas the remainder (n = 20) constituted a control group. The intervention program was monitored and controlled using the Cooper points system so that the exercise intensity increased gradually and the exercise session duration decreased across the ten weeks. The posttest results indicated that the experimental group had significant improvement on most of the 22 variables, but there was no improvement in any variable within the control group. In addition, those with more than three coronary artery disease risk factors, emotional exhaustion, or high waist-hip ratio in the experimental group improved in most of the variables as well. Finally, the findings demonstrated significant correlations between change in training intensity and change in selected variables for those with both emotional exhaustion and more than three risk factors of coronary artery disease in the experimental group. (Contains 3 tables.)
Division IAA Football Players and Risk Factors for Metabolic Syndrome
Author: Repovich, Wendy E. S.
Date: 2012-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Body Composition,Team Sports,Risk,Athletes,College Athletics,Statistical Analysis,Correlation,Multiple Regression Analysis,Hypertension,Body Weight,Body Height,Measures (Individuals),Models,Metabolism,Heart Disorders

The purpose of this study was to determine if body composition and blood pressure (BP), two markers for Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), were correlated in college football players. Height, weight, BMI, systolic (SBP) and Diastolic (DBP) blood pressure and body composition (three measures) were assessed in a Division IAA football team (N = 55). Data analysis included a MANOVA, a Pearson Product Moment Correlation, and a Multiple Regression. Linemen were significantly different on all body composition measures from players in the other two positions. All body composition measures were correlated. The regression analysis revealed a single variable model to account for the variability between the four BMI categories. (Contains 5 tables and 3 figures.)
Experimental Analysis of Japanese Martial Art Nihon-Kempo
Author: Kuragano, Tetsuzo
Date: 2012-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Motion,Equations (Mathematics),Perceptual Motor Coordination,Physical Activity Level,Energy,Kinetics,Experimental Programs,Program Validation,Instrumentation,Measurement Equipment

With a male, adult subject, this study measured the punch force and kick force of the Japanese martial art Nihon-Kempo, the movements of the dominant (right) arm, leg, and the movements of the legs using timed synchronization. Using an electromyogram (EMG), the relationship between the variation of punch force and the variation of the electrical potential of the muscles were examined. It was observed that when the punch force was at maximum, the electrical potential of the muscles was not at maximum. The relationship between the variation of the punch force and that of the ground reaction force was experimentally analyzed. The variation of punch force based on time progression was examined. The theoretical punch force values were calculated by establishing a differential equation for a fist with a glove and a target load cell to assure the validity of our experimental equipment. This second order differential equation was transformed into two first order differential equations. Using the Runge-Kutta methods, the two first order differential equations were solved simultaneously. The calculated results were compared with the experimental data. It was found that the theoretical solutions corresponded to the experimental data. Therefore, it has been recognized that the experimental equipment functioned reliably. For the kick, it was examined that the velocity of the heel and toes became maximum around the halfway point in the kick's trajectory and hit the target load cell while reducing in velocity. It is supposed that the trial subject began the kicking motion and aimed at the target load cell while experiencing a reduction in velocity of his heel and toes due to his leg reaching maximum extension. The force of the kick, about 4500 N, was roughly 2.8 times stronger than that of the punch. (Contains 9 figures.)
Olympism in Practice: Psychosocial Impacts of an Educational Sport Initiative on Greek and Turkish Cypriot Youth
Author: Lyras, Alexis
Date: 2012-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Program Effectiveness,Foreign Countries,Statistical Analysis,Evaluation Methods,Cultural Enrichment,Ethnic Groups,Team Sports,Interpersonal Relationship,Program Descriptions,Summer Programs,Qualitative Research,Intercultural Communication,Friendship,Cooperation,Student Attitudes,Attitude Change

The current study investigated the impacts of a program that employed a blend of sports and cultural enrichment, known as Olympism, to build bridges between Greek and Turkish Cypriot children residing on the island of Cyprus. The four-month long program included two months of instructor training, meetings with the parents and a six-day summer camp that hosted 96 youth and 20 instructors from Greek and Turkish Cypriot communities. A mixed methods approach was employed to assess the psychosocial impact of the program on the youth and the instructors. The data was analyzed using a multi-method approach that employed Repeated Measures Analysis of Variance (RMANOVA), t-tests, descriptive statistics and qualitative methods. The results indicated a statistically significant main effect on Time (within-subject variable) and Ethnicity (between subject variable) in Factor 1(Attitudes about Cross Cultural Interaction, Friendship and Collaboration). The RMANOVA indicated no statistically significant between-subject variable interactions. In addition, paired sample t-tests indicated statistically significant differences on the beliefs that through sports children can learn to collaborate more with other people. The great majority of the participants indicated that they made new friends and perceived positive intercommunal attitudinal changes as a result of their participation in the camp. (Contains 7 tables and 1 figure.)
Membership Recruitment: An Ongoing Journey
Author: Sarpong, Brunetta
Date: 2012-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Access to Information,Recruitment,Group Membership,Parent Participation,Parent Associations,Goal Orientation,Parents

People will join organizations that serve a great cause in an effective and efficient manner. However, with so many different activities, issues, and concerns competing for people's attention each day, the purpose and goal of every PTA and PTSA membership must be clear, understandable, and practical to convert interested individuals into members. Recruitment requires a customized, flexible, and dynamic approach to reach the varied members of a school community; what works for one person may not work for the next. The goal is to make contact and then form a connection with parents. Of course, that connection happens more easily with those who attend the PTA/PTSA meetings regularly, but what about those who do not attend these meetings? In this article, the author describes how Murrah High School PTSA in Jackson, Mississippi, recruits members.
Franklin Elementary PTA's &quot;Sweet Success&quot;
Author: Freemon, Jennifer
Date: 2012-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Immersion Programs,Elementary Schools,Enrollment,Parents,Teachers,Parent Associations,Teacher Associations,Parent Teacher Cooperation,Partnerships in Education

Just a few short years ago, Franklin Elementary in Glendale, California, was in danger of closing its doors because enrollment was so low. The school district decided to put into place a series of language immersion programs at the site. It currently houses Spanish, Italian, and German immersion programs. These programs have boosted Franklin's enrollment and turned the school around. The PTA board jumped at the opportunity to welcome new parents into the school while continuing to value the families who were already well-established at the school. Keeping the PTA a positive, inclusive force at the school is the key to Franklin's &quot;sweet success.&quot;
A Little Salesmanship "Grows" a Long Way
Author: Montas, Leah
Date: 2012-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Salesmanship,Parent Associations,Group Membership,Merchandising,Goal Orientation

Goshen Elementary PTA's membership shrank the first year the author was PTA president. In the back of her mind, she was bothered by the fact that their membership numbers had dropped. So, after she attended a regional session with her vice president on growing membership, she got the courage to propose something different. They discussed with their board the idea of growing their membership from a different perspective--sales. In this article, the author describes how they took common sales techniques--promotion, teasers, and goal sharing--and tweaked them to meet their nonprofit goals.