ethanporcaro/eric-fulltext-meta huggingface dataset:
The Assessment of the Fifth-Grade Students&apos; Science Critical Thinking Skills through Design-Based STEM Education
Author: Gencer, Ayse Savran
Date: 2020-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Critical Thinking,Thinking Skills,STEM Education,Career Development,Physics,Instructional Design,Construct Validity,Factor Analysis,Worksheets,Learning Activities,Measures (Individuals),Reliability,Secondary School Students,Foreign Countries,Inferences

Critical thinking has been one of the 21st-century skills consistently associated with students' future career advancement as a positive student outcome of STEM education. The aim of the study is to develop and validate science critical thinking skill instruments to assess the improvement in the subject of living organisms and force and friction through design-based STEM education. In this design-based research study, the student's modules were developed by the integrated STEM education principles involving the activities and worksheets in line with the frame of critical thinking approach. The kappa statistics for content validity, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis for construct validity, and item and reliability analysis for the quality of items were used in the development stage of instruments. The results of these analyses endorsed the 15 two-tier item for each test of Living Things Critical Thinking (LTCT) and Measuring Force and Friction Critical Thinking (MFFCT) as unidimensional constructs to produce valid and reliable data to measure the fifth grade students' critical thinking skills in the related science content. Comparing the pre and post applications of instruments in the study group indicated that STEM modules improved the students' science critical thinking skills such as interpretation, analysis, and inference. In this respect, developing and validating instruments to assess the integrated critical thinking skills will contribute to the empirical examination of this construct within the context of school science learning.
Analysis the Impact of Literature on the Formation of the Russian Federation State Civil Servant Image in Mass Media
Author: Evstratova, Tatiana A.
Date: 2020-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Government Employees,Mass Media,Public Opinion

The main features of the XXI century Russian society have been formed due to social and psychological changes, which led to a global transformation of the state system. Modern world faces the problem of developing a new policy of state power that will be based on the principles of consensus (reconciliation of all contentious and conflicting issues in the process of developing a solution that is reached through discussion and consultation), society and open partnership. The reason for this global upheaval is that the pace of change in the relationship between the state (government) and society itself depends on the open-ended policy that is now key. The image of a civil servant is similar to a construction that can be replaced, strengthened, re-mounted, modified, etc., and most importantly, that it needs serious work. The perception of the image exists and changes not only in the consciousness of people, but also in the unconscious sphere (emotional). In order to create a positive image of a civil servant, they need to be governed. To manage it, one needs to know the basic idea of what and in what sequence should occur, and at what stage intermediate results should appear. According to the authors, the solution to the problem of studying the acting factors that make the positive image of civil servants of modern Russia, the identification of the most effective ways, forms and principles of its positive transformation, as well as the analysis of the constituents of the employee of state structures are relevant. The most important in the work of representatives of public authorities is the nature of their public relations. If public servants do not evoke citizens' feelings of trust, justice and other positive psychological and social reactions, then feedback (from the population to state bodies) will be ineffective. Since the operation of the system of state power is the result of the functioning of the whole state as a whole, it is important that the work of state bodies used the maximum opportunities with the least cost. This scheme ensures effective management and positive results. But such a situation will not be achievable if the level of public trust in government is low.
Spatial Training and Calculus Ability: Investigating Impacts on Student Performance and Cognitive Style
Author: McCunn, L. J.
Date: 2020-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Spatial Ability,Calculus,Mathematics Instruction,Undergraduate Students,Cognitive Style,Mathematics Skills,Student Attitudes,Teaching Methods,Skill Development,Correlation,Gender Differences,STEM Education,Mathematics Achievement

Undergraduate calculus is a foundational mathematics sequence that previews the sophistication students will need to succeed in higher-level courses. However, students often struggle with concepts in calculus because they are more abstract and visual than those in other foundational mathematics courses. Additionally, women continue to be underrepresented in the STEM fields. This study builds on previous work indicating a malleability in spatial ability by testing whether improvement occurs in students' spatial and mathematics ability after implementing spatial training in calculus courses. The researchers also measured associations between spatial training and self-reported cognitive style. While spatial training did not significantly improve calculus and spatial skills, the researchers measured impacts on the psychological correlate of cognitive learning style. This is important as non-spatial cognitive preferences can result in students not recognizing the dynamic information encapsulated in graphical images, which is a large component of calculus. These results may have practical implications for teaching calculus at the undergraduate level and may, with further research, help to narrow the gender gap in the STEM fields.
The Effectiveness of an Instructional Design Training Program to Enhance Teachers&apos; Perceived Skills in Solving Educational Problems
Author: Alsaleh, Nada
Date: 2020-12-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Instructional Design,Program Effectiveness,Problem Solving,Self Efficacy,Faculty Development,Teacher Attitudes,Skill Development,Expectation

This study aims to identify the effectiveness of a training program on the ADDIE instructional design model to enhance teachers' perceived skills in solving educational problems. The ADDIE training program is proposed to help teachers identify their educational problems and find systematic solutions to them. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed training program, action research with the quasiexperimental design was employed. Four groups, in total 77 in-service teachers, undertook a short-term training program on the ADDIE model. Data were collected through a pre and post self-assessment questionnaire that consisted of five sections regarding the primary ADDIE skills (analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation), and open-ended questionnaires to understand teachers' expectations and attitudes toward this training program. The findings indicate that the post-self-assessment questionnaire scores were significantly higher than the pre self-assessment questionnaire scores. This study revealed that the ADDIE training program was highly effective in terms of improving teachers' ability to solve educational problems from teachers' perspectives. However, teachers indicated that they need more and longer-term training programs on these skills as well as longitudinal studies measuring these skills. Teachers suggested that this program be made a compulsory program for every pre and in-service teacher.
Manifestations and Meanings of Cognitive Conflict among Mathematics Students in Embu, Kenya
Author: Ngicho, Dickens Okach
Date: 2020-11-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Psychological Patterns,Mathematics Instruction,Learning Experience,Teaching Methods,Secondary School Students,Teacher Attitudes,Student Attitudes,Concept Formation,Mathematical Concepts,Secondary School Teachers,Teacher Student Relationship,Scaffolding (Teaching Technique),Critical Thinking,Foreign Countries

Establishing how cognitive conflict is manifested by students is an important first step in understanding how teachers can utilize cognitive conflict to improve students' learning experiences. This paper presents findings from the analysis of qualitative data drawn from a larger study that explored the role of cognitive conflict in promoting students' conceptual development in mathematics. The study participants were secondary school mathematics students and their teachers drawn from twenty-five public secondary schools in Embu West Sub-County in Kenya. Data were gathered through surveys and semi-structured interviews. The interviews were transcribed and coded, followed by organization of the codes into categories that were used to develop themes. The findings indicate that students experienced cognitive conflict in three significant ways: a moment to (co) construct one's mathematical meaning, confusion as a result of teacher's behaviorist stance, and a fleeting moment of magic. The paper recommends that teachers should take advantage of cognitive conflict as a strategy for scaffolding mathematics learning by giving students tasks that provoke critical thinking so that as students work on the tasks, their naïve understandings of the concepts are challenged.
Factors Associated with Electronic Banking Adoption
Author: Yates, Stephanie R.
Date: 2020-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Banking,Online Systems,Money Management,Probability,Surveys,Income,Knowledge Level,Age Groups,African Americans,Racial Differences,Gender Differences,Business,Ownership,Teaching Methods,Usability

Using data from the 2016 Survey of Consumer Finances, this study investigates factors that affect electronic banking adoption rates. Financial knowledge, income, education, and credit card ownership are associated with a high probability of electronic banking adoption. However, age is negatively associated with the probability of online banking adoption and the African American consumer is less likely to adopt electronic banking. This result is more prominent for African American women but does not hold for African American business owners. Financial counselors, planners, and educators should be aware and sensitive to these differences in order to provide additional education as needed on how to effectively use electronic banking services in order to achieve a greater degree of financial inclusion.
Characteristics of Ethnic Identity among Students
Author: Safarova Elshad, Jamila
Date: 2020-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Ethnicity,Ethnic Groups,Identification (Psychology),Self Concept,Student Characteristics,Second Language Learning,Turkic Languages,Russian,Positive Attitudes,Sense of Community,Emotional Response,Young Adults,College Students,Foreign Countries,Social Development

The paper shows the characteristics that influence the ethnic identity of students educated in the Azerbaijani and Russian languages. The thoughts related to the study about ethnic identity within the studies conducted in this way, as well as the psychological features of this process in youthful individuals are analyzed. Analysis of the results demonstrates that learners, studying in Azerbaijani department have indicators of the cognitive element of the ethnic identity higher than those of the learners studying in Russian department. This means that the level of self-awareness of their belonging to this ethnic group, opinions about the features of their own ethnic group are higher among students of the Azerbaijani Department. Analysis of the results also reveals the fact that students, studying in Azerbaijani language have indicators of the affective component of ethnic identity higher than students studying in Russian language. This considers a positive attitude towards their ethnos as a group, as well as the fact that young people have a definite emotional feel of acceptance to their ethnic group, a high sensitivity towards their ethnos.
The Children&apos;s Book Selection Criteria: Evidence from Preschool and Primary School Teachers
Author: Guldenoglu, Bilge Nur Dogan
Date: 2020-11-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Childrens Literature,Reading Material Selection,Preschool Teachers,Elementary School Teachers,Teacher Attitudes,Grade 1,Measures (Individuals),Item Analysis,Evaluation Criteria,Age Differences,Work Experience,Teaching Methods,Foreign Countries

The aim of this study is to comparatively examine the views of the preschool and primary school teachers about the criteria that qualified children books should have. The research group is comprised of 297 teachers (130 preschool teachers and 167 primary school teachers--of the first graders). The views of the teachers concerning the criteria that qualified children books should have were collected through the &quot;Principle of Suitability for Children Scale&quot;. The obtained data were analyzed in two stages. During the analyses, initially the general distributions of the answers of the teachers to the items of the scale were examined, and subsequently, it was examined how these answers differed based on certain personal and professional properties. In order to examine the general distributions of the answers of the teachers to the scale, item-based percentages and frequencies were calculated. For investigating how these answers differed based on certain personal and professional properties, a series of the Mann-Whitney U and the Kruskal Wallis tests were conducted. The findings demonstrated that the teachers are generally responsive to the basic criteria that qualified books children should have. In more detail, it was observed that there were statistically significant differences among the views of the teachers according to their professional teaching branch, age, and work experience. In light of the recent developments of children's literature, these findings were discussed in detail concerning the importance of children's literature for the preschool and primary school periods.
Difficulties of Educating People with Socio-Educational Needs
Author: Simonenko, S. M.
Date: 2020-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Inclusion,Special Needs Students,Students with Disabilities,Municipalities,Community Characteristics,Special Education,Student Attitudes,Parent Attitudes

The publication &quot;Problems of introducing inclusive education in the social environment of Ussuriysk city&quot; examines the complex problems and sociocultural processes of society concerning people with special socio-educational needs, people with disabilities and people with physical disabilities. The paper briefly explains the essence of inclusive education and the problems of its introduction into the social environment of small towns, for example, the city of Ussuriysk, when, along with the development of defectological schools and the government order for them, there is a lack of understanding of the need for such education, an indifferent, callous attitude towards disadvantaged physical disabilities to people.
The Effects of the Authentic Learning Approach with a Course Management System (Moodle) on Students&apos; Mathematics Success and Online Authentic Learning Self-Efficacy
Author: Uzunboylu, Hüseyin
Date: 2020-11-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Authentic Learning,Integrated Learning Systems,Mathematics Achievement,Self Efficacy,Online Courses,Instructional Improvement,Blended Learning,Conventional Instruction,Pretests Posttests,Self Concept Measures

This study was conducted to determine the effects of the &quot;Moodle LMS which was based on authentic learning approach&quot; and &quot;online learning which was based on authentic learning approach environments&quot; on &quot;mathematics achievement&quot; and &quot;online authentic learning self-efficacy&quot; levels of students in a basic mathematics course. In accordance with the purpose of this study, an experimental design with pre-test and post-test control group was used as the research design. Within the framework of the experimental model, two experimental and one control group were formed with random assignments and were included in different learning environments. Two data collection tools (Mathematics Achievement Test and Online Authentic Learning Self-Efficacy Scale) were developed. As a result, it was seen that there was a significant difference between the mathematics achievement test scores and between the online authentic learning self-efficacy scores when the experimental and control groups were tested later. They had all been doing a Basic Mathematics course in three different learning environments. The significant difference within the context of the two variables was in favour of the working group of the study's students who had their education in a blended learning environment (both traditional face to face and online learning) which was based on the authentic learning approach on Moodle LMS.
The Role of the Principal Is Developing an Instructional Leadership Team in School
Author: Sharif, Uddin Muhammad
Date: 2020-11-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Principals,Assistant Principals,Leadership Role,Leadership Effectiveness,Instructional Leadership,Supervision,Teacher Leadership,Expertise,Teamwork,Academic Achievement,Educational Research,Elementary Secondary Education

The instructional leadership role is one of the most critical and necessary roles of a school leader to promote students' learning. However, it is a common notion that the principal solely is the instructional leader in a school. Thus, this paper aims to discover who else works as an instructional leader and how an instructional leadership team can be formed. Findings from a semi-systematic literature review show that the principal is not alone the instructional leader in a school. Instead, he/she is the leader of the instructional leadership team, and the assistant principals and the content experts are the members of this team. Moreover, the paper also finds that the principal's role is critical to forming an instructional leadership team for the students' better academic outcomes.
A Prelude to Planning
Author: Beach, Robert H.
Date: 2020-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Educational Planning,Models,Organizational Change,Educational Change,Educational Objectives,Strategic Planning,Goal Orientation

Planning is presented as a process for developing desired organizational change focused on creating an alternative future more conducive and different from the one anticipated. A general planning template as well as five recognized and two emerging processes for planning are presented with a discussion of their uses; they are Rational Comprehensive, Bounded Rational, Mixed Scanning, Incremental, Goal-Free, Scenario, and Experience-Based planning. Issues arising from the nature of the unknown futures flowing from change are also discussed. The competition that can arise from the manipulation of such futures is noted.
The Effect of Teacher Evaluation and Self-Evaluation on Pre-Service Teachers&apos; Inquiry-Based 5E Lesson Plan Design and Teaching Practice
Author: Güngören, Seda Çavus
Date: 2020-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Teacher Evaluation,Self Evaluation (Individuals),Preservice Teachers,Undergraduate Students,Public Colleges,Science Education,Active Learning,Inquiry,Teaching Methods,Models,Scoring Rubrics,Lesson Plans,Curriculum Design,Student Attitudes,Foreign Countries,Instructional Effectiveness

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of teacher evaluation and self-evaluation on the experience of designing and applying lesson plans according to the 5E inquiry model and pre-service teachers views regarding the 5E inquiry lesson planning and teaching practice. It was designed as the embedded mixed method. Total of 60 pre-service science teachers participated in this study. The data collected by the 5E Lesson Plan rubric for inquiry-based teaching which developed by Goldston et al., (2013), self-evaluation form, and interviews. In the analysis of quantitative data, Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test and Spearman's Rank Correlation, which are among the nonparametric tests, were used. Content analysis was performed in the analysis of qualitative data. Results showed that the average score of pre-service teachers' lesson plans is higher in the second plans. It has been determined that self-evaluation contributes to better planning of the process. The pre-service teachers stated that the 5E inquiry model was particularly strong / effective and their lesson plans' phases of explain and explore were weak. In line with the results obtained in the research, suggestions were made to evaluate and develop the lesson planning and teaching practice according to the 5E inquiry model.
Contrastive Analysis of Bilingual and Monolingual EFL Learners&apos; Syntactic Errors in Translation
Author: Mohammadi, Ehsan
Date: 2020-09-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Bilingual Students,Monolingualism,English (Second Language),Second Language Learning,Indo European Languages,Error Patterns,Syntax,Translation,Interference (Language),Contrastive Linguistics,Error Analysis (Language),Learning Strategies,Communication Strategies,Undergraduate Students,Foreign Countries

This study aimed at the analysis of syntactic errors in translation done by both bilingual and monolingual EFL learners. Research on the subject of the study implied that there might be differences between monolinguals and bilingual learners of foreign languages. The gaps of studies on differences between monolinguals and bilingual's translations from Persian into English language presumed as research question of the study. Through a quantitative and experimental analysis, the researcher collected data from two universities of IAU of South Tehran (monolingual) and Jihad University of Kermanshah (bilingual) using students majoring in translation studies. The OPT test was applied to specify eligible students for the study and then a Persian literary text was offered to students to measure their syntactic errors as introduced by Keshavarz's (1996) model of error analysis. From 100 participants 36 monolinguals and 24 bilinguals were eligible for the study whose translations were scored by the two raters. The results of the study indicated that there is a significant difference between the scores of monolingual and bilingual translators. In addition, the rate of literal errors and approximation was more than other errors that were reported as the result of language learning strategies and communicative strategies. However, new studies are suggested to investigate the types of errors made by monolinguals and bilinguals and graduate students with advanced level of language learning.
On the Issue of the Effectiveness of Legal Regulation Based on Psychological Aspects
Author: Belyaev, Valery P.
Date: 2020-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Laws,Legal Problems,Social Development

This article is devoted to the analysis of problems regarding the main approaches to understanding the effectiveness of legal regulation and the search for its criteria. It is known that this issue serves as the basis for ongoing social development, ensuring optimal law-making and law enforcement activities of state bodies, achieving the goals of the procedural and legal regulation, consisting in ensuring, within certain stages of the legal and reasonable consideration and resolution of legal cases, the adoption of appropriate procedural decisions in the interests of subjects of law. The effectiveness of legal regulation is determined by a kind of evaluation category, the essence of which is to determine the level of functionality and effectiveness of this process in its dynamics. As criteria for the effectiveness of procedural and legal regulation are called effectiveness, achievement of the goal, procedural savings and others.