ethanporcaro/eric-fulltext-meta huggingface dataset:
Graphic Symbol Based Interactive Animation Development Process for Deaf or Hard of Hearing Students
Author: Silbir, Lokman
Date: 2020-03-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Deafness,Hearing Impairments,Animation,Visual Aids,Literacy Education,Grade 3,Grade 4,Elementary School Students,Elementary School Teachers,Program Effectiveness,Foreign Countries,Educational Technology,Technology Uses in Education,Teaching Methods,Teacher Attitudes

This study examined the development process of graphic symbol-based animations for enhancing literacy skills of deaf or hard of hearing students (D/HH). Participants of the study consisted of two teachers and seven students studying in the third and fourth grade in a primary school for hard of hearing. As a result of the studies conducted throughout the fall and spring semesters, animation environments based on graphic symbols were developed. Within the framework of the design-based research methodology, development studies were followed by revisions. Revision studies were conducted in line with the data obtained from the interviews and observation notes that continued throughout the practices. A content analysis was utilized to examine the data obtained through interview and observation. It has been determined that; in the animations each sentence should be presented clearly and it may be paused if necessary, minor details and the dormant objects in the background should be removed, animations of actions should be standardized, and fonts in animations should match the writing style used by the students in the animations. As a result of the study, a design guide for graphic symbols-based animations for D/HH were developed for the researchers in line with the acquired results.
Parental Perceptions of Holistic Early Childhood Education in Hong Kong
Author: Ng, David Tze-Kin
Date: 2020-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Parent Attitudes,Holistic Approach,Early Childhood Education,Kindergarten,Educational Policy,Child Development,Preschool Teachers,Teacher Attitudes

Early Childhood Education is important in developing ethical, intellectual, physical, social, and aesthetic aspects of children together with cognitive skills. Parents play an important role in their children's early life and provide a role model. Additionally, holistic education seeks to incorporate principles of wholeness, interconnectedness and spirituality. This study examined how well parental perceptions of kindergartens (KG) aligned with goals of Holistic Early Childhood Education (HECE) in Hong Kong. Written survey responses were received from 1383 parents and 165 teachers, including principals from 22 kindergartens across three Districts in Hong Kong. The findings of the study indicated that parents' and teachers' perceptions of kindergartens aligned with HECE policy in HK for young children's development and practice in the kindergarten programs. These findings clearly indicate a cohesion between parents' and teachers' concern and official Hong Kong education documents regarding holistic development of young children in kindergartens in Hong Kong.
An Analysis of Governance Models of Research Universities in Selected Countries: Lessons Learned
Author: Xiao, Hong Ying
Date: 2020-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Comparative Education,Governance,Models,Research Universities,College Administration,Academic Freedom,Educational Practices,Institutional Characteristics

The purpose of this paper is to identify the special features of the governance structures of research universities in four western countries: the United States, Germany, the United Kingdom and France. Conceptual framework was laid out as groundwork of the paper. Scholarly work of known authors in higher education governance was reviewed with major features of the governance of the research universities of these countries identified and discussed with reflection of the conceptual framework. It was found in common that major research universities have (1) governance structure with responsibilities of components specifically defined; (2) distinct separation of business affairs and academic work; (3) good collaboration among the entities of their governance structure; and (4) great respect for academic freedom and independence.
Plagiarism, Academic Integrity and the Law
Author: Douglas, Susan
Date: 2019-09-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Plagiarism,Integrity,Universities,Copyrights,Federal Legislation,Foreign Countries,Cheating,Criminal Law,School Responsibility,Legal Responsibility

The purpose of this paper is to examine the issues of plagiarism and academic integrity as they are covered by universities and to then identify the existence of legislation that would impose legal consequences. Accordingly, this paper adopts a legal approach to critical analysis and discourse in the examination of the issues and the appropriate legislation.
Investigation of Rater Tendencies and Reliability in Different Assessment Methods with Many Facet Rasch Model
Author: Koçak, Duygu
Date: 2020-03-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Interrater Reliability,Item Response Theory,Test Items,Rating Scales,Scoring Rubrics,Mathematics Teachers,Elementary School Teachers,Student Evaluation,Scoring,Evaluation Methods

One of the most commonly used methods for measuring higher-order thinking skills such as problem-solving or written expression is open-ended items. Three main approaches are used to evaluate responses to open-ended items: general evaluation, rating scales, and rubrics. In order to measure and improve problem-solving skills of students, firstly, an error-free measurement process should be performed. Errors caused by raters such as bias, high or low tendency to score is a common problem in the evaluation of open-ended items as they adversely affect the accuracy of decisions to be made. This study utilized open-ended items to evaluate the raters' tendencies in terms of general evaluation, rating scale, and rubric conditions. The raters' behaviours in each assessment method and their opinions about the assessment methods were determined. The participants of the study consisted of 12 different mathematics teachers and the Many Facet Rasch Model was adopted for the analyses. The scoring reliability of each method was estimated. The findings of the rating scale revealed that the raters had a more homogeneous scoring tendency. In addition, while the majority of raters stated that they prefer to use a rubric, they also stated it is the most difficult method to use.
Investigation of the Relationship between Self-Efficacy Belief and Classroom Management Skills of Preschool Teachers with Other Variables
Author: Bay, Döndü Neslihan
Date: 2020-03-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Preschool Teachers,Self Efficacy,Classroom Techniques,Correlation,Teacher Attitudes,Teacher Characteristics,Comparative Analysis,Measures (Individuals),Student Attitudes,Institutional Characteristics,Teacher Student Relationship,Foreign Countries

This study aimed to determine preschool teachers' self-efficacy belief levels and their classroom management skills and to examine the relationship existing between them. The research, which was designed according to the correlational survey model, was conducted on 274 preschool teachers. Descriptive statistics, inferential statistics, and correlational statistics were used to analyze the data collected via the &quot;Self-Efficacy Belief Scale of Pre-Service Teachers&quot; and &quot;Classroom Management Skills Scale for Pre-Service Teachers.&quot; The findings of the study revealed that preschool teachers' self-efficacy belief levels and classroom management skills were high, and affected by teachers' age, seniority, type of school, and the number of children in the class. In addition, the findings of the study revealed that there were positive, moderate, and strong relationships between preschool teachers' self-efficacy and professional skills and classroom management skills. The moderate positive relationship between teachers' self-efficacy belief and classroom management skills showed that the qualities achieved in these two areas affected each other.
Cultural Similarities in Lausanne Emigrants: An Evaluation in Terms of the Hospitality Value
Author: Özkan, Recep
Date: 2020-04-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Immigrants,Treaties,Comparative Analysis,Cultural Traits,Case Studies,Travel,Cultural Maintenance,Age Groups,Immigration,Social Media,Ceremonies,Internet,Social Values,Food,Peace

The purpose of this study is to compare the cultural similarities of Lausanne Emigrants who were forced to compulsory migration in accordance with the Treaty of Lausanne from Develi region of Kayseri to Kozani and Ioannina regions of Greece in terms of the &quot;hospitality&quot; value. Conducted during the two separate trips to the region during 2017 and 2019, the study has the characteristics of a descriptive survey model. The study was designed as a qualitative case study, and interview and observation techniques were used. Everyone who participated in the study stated that hospitality is important, and although in the past people used to visit each other frequently, this tradition has been forgotten recently, and the new generation has not paid much attention to it. While the participants stated that those who came from outside the village were regarded as guests of God and were entertained, they also stated that they have not had overnight guests anymore since there are hotels in their villages, but there are still overnight visitations among the relatives. While all of the participants expressed that hospitality is their ancestral tradition and these traditions should be protected, they also stated that the younger generation has not given much attention to these values with the spread of internet and especially social media. Following the footsteps of this study results, wedding and marriage rituals and traditions, funeral traditions and food culture of the emigrants can be examined in future studies.
Teachers Perspective on the Extent to Which the National Interactive Curriculum Scheduled for Governmental Kindergartens in Jordan Take into Account the Psychological, Social, Aesthetic and Cognitive Foundations
Author: Khaled, Mohammad A. Bani
Date: 2020-03-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Kindergarten,Preschool Teachers,Teacher Attitudes,National Curriculum,Public Schools,Child Development,Social Development,Cognitive Development,Aesthetics,Psychological Characteristics

The aim of this study is to know the extent to which the national interactive curriculum scheduled for governmental kindergartens in Jordan take into account the psychological, social, aesthetic and cognitive foundations are considered. The researchers used the analytical descriptive approach. The sample of the study consisted of all kindergarten teachers in the education districts of Central Badia Region. The sample comprised 118 teachers, during the second semester of the academic year (2017/2018). The study concluded that there are statistically significant differences between the average estimates of the sample on the field of psychological foundations and the total score according to the difference of scientific qualification for the benefit of higher studies. No difference was found on the extent of taking into account the national interactive curriculum scheduled for the governmental kindergartens in Jordan for the social, cognitive, psychological, aesthetic and total scores except for the domain of social foundations, according to the years of experience variable. To determine the source of these differences, Scheffe test was used. Finally, the researchers proposed some recommendations.
Gender and Digital Teaching Competence in Dual Vocational Education and Training
Author: Sánchez Prieto, Jesús
Date: 2020-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Vocational Education,Technological Literacy,Gender Differences,Technology Uses in Education,Educational Technology,Teacher Competencies,Foreign Countries,Teaching Methods

In recent decades, technological advances have been revolutionizing all areas of society, including the teaching resources and methodologies used in the world of education. Teachers are in the process of adapting to develop the digital skills they need for the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), a process that must be permanent and in which there are still knowledge gaps undermining its application. This study aims to determine whether this lack of digital skills is influenced by the gender of teachers, for example, whether there is a gender gap in ICT application in teaching, specifically Dual Vocational Education and Training, which is a teaching area that has been growing exponentially in recent years. A descriptive quantitative method has been used for this study with a sample of 1568 teachers of Dual Vocational Education and Training from the Autonomous Community of Andalusia, with data collected through a questionnaire. The results show that while the level of knowledge of ICT resources is medium among this group and is therefore improvable, there are no significant gender differences between teachers with respect to the application of e-skills by teaching professionals, despite the existence in other contexts of a large digital gender gap in new technology professionals.
Concept Mapping in the Age of Deleuze: Fresh Perspectives and New Challenges
Author: Kinchin, Ian M.
Date: 2020-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Concept Mapping,Higher Education,Educational Philosophy,Teaching Methods

This conceptual paper offers a reconsideration of the application of Novakian concept mapping to higher education research by putting to work the Deleuzian concept of the rhizome. We ask: what does thinking with Deleuze's concepts offer researchers interested in concept mapping, and what conceptual, and terminological, obstacles might be created through such a reconceptualization? We have focused on the rhizomatic principles of mapping and tracing in the context of concept mapping. We contend that Deleuze offers a fresh line of flight with the potential to deterritorialise the discourse surrounding concept mapping, thus widening its applicability and increasing its accessibility to researchers who do not necessarily share the same arborescent concept mapping heritage: with its roots in science education. Exploring the overlap between rhizomatics and concept mapping also allows for the reappraisal and blurring of the boundary between structural and post-structural discourses--breaking down an unproductive binary in the literature.
Teacher Training in Intercultural Education: Teacher Perceptions
Author: Figueredo-Canosa, Victoria
Date: 2020-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Multicultural Education,Elementary School Teachers,Foreign Countries,Student Attitudes,Program Effectiveness,Teacher Education Programs,Preservice Teachers,Teacher Attitudes,Teacher Competencies,Training Methods,Teacher Education Curriculum

Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate teacher perceptions on the training received in intercultural education. Methods: The article presents a quantitative, non- experimental and ex-post-facto type of research; directed to inquire about the perceptions of the teachers of primary education in Andalusia (Spain) in relation to the intercultural training received. Based on the descriptive survey method, two questionnaires were administered to a sample composed of 320 students and 80 teachers. Results: The results show certain strengths of the training teacher programs in the field of interculturality (encouragement of reflection, participation and collaboration …), as well as weaknesses (decontextualization, inflexibility, primacy of theoretical learning, non-transversal character, etc.). Conclusions: Despite strengths, intercultural teacher training continues to be a challenge in Andalusia.
Dealing with Academic Difficulty in Medical School: A Pilot Study
Author: Malau-Aduli, Bunmi S.
Date: 2020-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Medical Schools,Medical Students,Help Seeking,Student Needs,Academic Achievement,Difficulty Level,Student Attitudes,Academic Advising,Counselor Attitudes,Academic Failure,Self Efficacy,Early Intervention,Foreign Countries,Academic Support Services,Rural Areas,Capacity Building

Some students struggle through medical school and do not have the confidence to seek help. This pilot study sought to explore the challenges and needs of medical students experiencing academic difficulty. Semi-structured interviews and online surveys were used to collect data from an academic advisor and thirteen medical students who had experienced academic difficulty. Unexpected academic failure and the loss of self-efficacy contributed to students hiding their academic difficulty and avoiding available support systems. Despite the sampling limitations, the findings of this pilot study have value in giving direction to future research. Programs that will change the current attitudes to academic difficulty, normalising access to support and encouraging early intervention, are needed to build the capacity for excellence among these students.
Planning for Effective School Leadership: Teachers&apos; Perceptions of the Leadership Skills and Ethical Behaviors of School Principals
Author: Webster, Katina
Date: 2020-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Principals,Ethics,Instructional Leadership,Correlation,Academic Achievement,Metropolitan Areas,Leadership Effectiveness,Leadership Styles,Teacher Attitudes,Teacher Administrator Relationship,Gender Differences,Ethnicity,Institutional Characteristics,Administrator Characteristics,Elementary Schools,Middle Schools,High Schools,Public Schools,Private Schools,Religious Education,Measures (Individuals)

Schools need principals who have experienced the most current and compelling theories and practices of school leadership in terms of leading schools to success for each student. There is a considerable amount of research that proposes a definite link between the leadership abilities of a school leader and the impact such leadership has on student success (Darling-Hammond, LaPointe, Meyerson, &amp; Orr, 2007; Heck &amp; Hallinger, 2014; Marzano, Waters, &amp; McNulty, 2005). School principals, like leaders in other fields, encounter differing levels of success, which can be influenced by the leadership abilities and ethical behaviors of the school principal. This quantitative study, which took place in a large metropolitan area of the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States, examines the relationship between the overall leadership abilities of school principals with their ethical leadership behaviors, as perceived by teachers. This study found a strong (and expected) relationship between the overall leadership abilities of school principals and ethical behaviors, as perceived by teachers. However, statistically significant differences were found among the perceptions in the areas of gender, ethnicity, experience, types of school (elementary, middle, high) and jurisdiction (public, private, religious).
The Factors Influencing Urban Health Services among Ethnic Groups in the U.S.
Author: Martinez, Linda
Date: 2020-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Health Services,Urban Areas,Ethnic Groups,Influences,Socioeconomic Status,Age Differences,Disadvantaged

The purpose of this study is to conduct a non-systematic meth-analysis of a literature review by way of reviewing research that was found in any databases under the terms &quot;urban health services&quot; in order to document the major factors influencing urban health among minorities; and if there are any policies that promote health and prevent disease. Data from current the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics and the World Health Organization also provided significant findings. This study also explores the underlying conditions and root causes contributing to health inequities and the interdependent nature of the factors that create them, by drawing from existing literature and syntheses on health disparities and health inequities. Even though public services, such as health and health service provisions in urban areas may be much better than those in rural areas, it has not been proven if it is the case for less disadvantaged populations living in the urban cities. This study highlights many of the issues leading to health inequities, such as social economic status, ethnicity, and age differences. There is a need to reduce health inequities among high-middle and low-income groups by providing or equalizing health opportunities across the socioeconomic groups.
Effectiveness of Computer-Assisted and Excursion Strategies on Senior Secondary School Students&apos; Achievement in Biology towards Sustainable Development
Author: Ayeni, Margaret Foluso
Date: 2020-02-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Secondary School Students,Biology,Science Achievement,Sustainable Development,Instructional Effectiveness,Computer Assisted Instruction,Secondary School Science,Instructional Innovation,Foreign Countries,Field Instruction

This study examined the effectiveness of computer-assisted and excursion strategies on secondary school students' achievement in Biology towards sustainable development. The study adopted quazi experimental research design. The population consisted of all the biology students in public senior secondary schools in South West, Nigeria. The sample for the study consisted of 240 senior secondary year two (SS2) Biology students selected from six schools in the three states from South West Nigeria using multistage sampling technique. The subjects were divided into the two treatments and control groups, that is, Computer Assisted, Excursion and control groups. A forty item multiple choice test on Biology was administered to the students after exposing the experimental groups. The treatment is teaching. Three hypotheses were formulated and tested; the data generated were analyzed using t-test and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). The result showed that the achievement of students in the two experimental groups were better than those in the control group. Students taught with excursion strategy achieved better than those taught with Computer-Assisted strategy. Also, location has significant effect on achievement while gender has no significant effect on achievement in Biology. Based on the discoveries, it was recommended that Excursion strategies and Computer-Assisted should be employed in the teaching of Biology as innovative strategies.
Digital Learning Environments in Higher Education: A Literature Review of the Role of Individual vs. Social Settings for Measuring Learning Outcomes
Author: Kümmel, Elke
Date: 2020-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Electronic Learning,Educational Technology,Teaching Methods,Higher Education,Outcomes of Education,Student Evaluation,Individual Instruction,Group Instruction,Evaluation Methods,Cooperative Learning,Learning Processes,College Students

Research on digital learning environments has traditionally applied either an individual perspective or a social perspective to learning. Based on a literature review, we examined to what extent individual or social perspectives determined the learning outcome variables that researchers have used as measurements in existing studies. We analyzed prototypical approaches to operationalize learning settings (individual vs. social) published in peer-reviewed journals and identified their relation to several measures of learning outcomes. We rated n = 356 articles and included n = 246 articles in the final analysis. A total of 159 studies (64.6%) used an individual learning setting, while 87 studies (35.4%) used a social learning setting. As learning outcome measures, we observed self-reports, observable behavior, learning skills, elaboration, personal initiatives, digital activity, and social interactions. The two types of learning settings differed regarding the measurement of elaboration and social interactions. We discuss of the implications of our findings for future research and conclude that researchers should investigate further measures of learning outcomes in digital learning settings.