ethanporcaro/eric-fulltext-meta huggingface dataset:
The Role of Visual Experience in Changing the Size of Objects in Imagery Processing
Author: Szubielska, Magdalena
Date: 2015-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Blindness,Cognitive Processes,Imagery,Visual Impairments,High School Students,Testing,Imagination,Physical Characteristics,Models,Concept Formation,Toys,Statistical Analysis,Hypothesis Testing,Foreign Countries,Elementary School Students

Introduction: This paper investigates the question of whether or not subjects who are congenitally blind experience greater difficulties mentally in resizing images of objects than those who have low vision or are adventitiously blind. Methods: Two experiments were conducted--one in which subjects were asked to mentally enlarge objects they previously explored manually, and one in which subjects were tested for the ability to demonstrate the change in the size of an object imagined to be moving away. Three groups of high school students with visual impairments took part in the experiment: congenitally blind, &quot;late blind,&quot; and those with low vision. Results: When showing the linear size of an object enlarged in their imagination, congenitally blind participants overestimated its size more frequently than those who were late blind. The degree of mental reduction of the size of an object imagined to be moving away was comparable for all groups. Discussion: The results suggest that the difficulties experienced by congenitally blind participants with the mental resizing of objects may be related to problems with performing mental scaling transformations. In the low vision group, the etiology of the subjects' visual impairment was not taken into consideration. The group turned out to be heterogeneous with respect to imagery processes. Implications for practitioners: When using models for explaining new concepts, it is important to ensure that congenitally blind learners understand the change of scale.
Information Competence as a Means of Developing Leadership Qualities in Student-Teachers
Author: Sarzhanova, Galiya B.
Date: 2016-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Leadership Qualities,Student Teachers,Information Literacy,Information Skills,Educational Trends,Information Technology,Technological Literacy,Pedagogical Content Knowledge,Competency Based Teacher Education

Nowadays, the world requires skilled specialists in all spheres of life. In turn, the effectiveness of their education depends on both their will and the teacher's professionalism. This study investigates the advantages of the implementation of information technologies and the possible associated difficulties. It was found that in order to achieve the desired effect and to improve significantly the training level of young specialists, including student-teachers, it is necessary to change radically the concept of education and to create new exceptional and innovative methods that would meet the requirements and rate of development of modern technologies in the twenty-first century. It is worth mentioning the other factors that affect the effectiveness of new educational methods, for instance, the personal interest of teachers, diligence, and enthusiasm of students for the new approach. Considering the rate at which innovations are being implemented in all spheres of life and the fact that both the younger and older generation have to use modern technologies, one should expect that in the near future, the demand for highly skilled specialists will rise sharply in various fields, which requires developing and implementing new educational methods. It is worth noting that old methods are becoming ineffective and incapable of yielding practical results in areas where new methods that use advanced technologies provide for complete understanding of the material, process or practical value for the students.
Prospect of Foster Family by Foster Children with Disabilities
Author: Aslamazova, Liliya Arturovna
Date: 2016-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Parent Child Relationship,Foster Care,Disabilities,Foreign Countries,Attitude Measures,Affective Behavior,Anxiety,Family Relationship,Children,Adolescents,Comparative Analysis,Experimental Groups,Control Groups,Questionnaires,Interviews,Qualitative Research,Statistical Analysis,Emotional Response,Freehand Drawing

This article deals with child-parent relationships in foster families, who bring up foster children with disabilities. The research was conducted in Republic of Adygheya (the Russian Federation). We have found out that, according to a child's view, interfamily relationships can be very ambivalent. On the one hand, foster children say that they have positive relationships with foster parents and describe their foster family as friendly, affectionate and thoughtful; on the other hand, they experience many difficulties in establishing interpersonal relationships, they can't collaborate and have a high level of anxiety and hostility towards others. They view interfamily relationships as complicated, conflict, emotionally cold.
Civic and Patriotic Education of Pre-School Children
Author: Mokeyeva, Ekaterina V.
Date: 2016-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Civics,Citizenship Education,Patriotism,Preschool Education,Preschool Children,Theory Practice Relationship,Developmental Stages,Experimental Groups,Control Groups,Student Surveys,Educational Diagnosis

The urgency of the current research devoted to civic and patriotic education of pre-school children is determined by the contradiction between the necessity of civic-patriotic education of children in the current context, their readiness to defend their Motherland and the lack of the development of this issue both in pedagogical theory and practice; government order to build patriotic understanding of a citizen and the absence of the opportunity to express the civic position in the conditions of upbringing in pre-school educational institutions. The aim of the article is to show the main results of the research devoted to defining peculiarities of civic-patriotic qualities of pre-school children. The leading method of the research on this problem is experiment that allows to fulfill a multipronged approach to levels of the development of civic-patriotic qualities of pre-school children and formative work aimed at the development of civic-patriotic qualities of children that is envisaged by a specifically elaborated program. The article shows the results of the diagnostic research devoted to civic and patriotic education of pre-school children and reveals the drawbacks of civic-patriotic education in the pre-school educations institution elicited by applying the method of diagnostics of the problem. The conducted research resulted in the elaboration and implementation of the programme which included a series of arrangements devoted to the development of civic-patriotic qualities of pre-school children. The comparison of the results of the experimental and control groups before and after the formative work shows the positive influence of applied methodological means. The materials and ideas are of practical significance for nursery teachers, supervisors of pre-school educational establishments, specialists working in pre-school educational institutions.
The Technology of Developing Pupils' Decorative-Applied Creativity at School: On the Example of Embroidery
Author: Nasyrova, Liliya G.
Date: 2016-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Creativity,Foreign Countries,Creative Activities,Creative Development,Creative Teaching,Handicrafts,Technology,Art Education,Teaching Methods,Elementary Secondary Education

The relevance of the study is determined by a decrease in moral criteria among the youth, the loss of the sense of belonging to the homeland history, the collapse of the &quot;connection of times.&quot; To refocus students' spiritual values is possible by increasing their interest in national traditions and art. The goal of the article is to reveal possibilities of the school subject of &quot;Technology&quot; in developing pupils' decorative-applied creativity. The leading approach of the study of this problem is an activity approach allowing to consider peculiarities of the teacher and students' decorative-applied activities on the example of embroidery. The article explores the importance of arts and crafts as a means of students' personality development. It is proved that the subject area of &quot;Technology&quot; provide wide opportunities for developing decorative-applied creativity conditioned by the specificity of the subject content. The content of the worked out technology for developing pupils' decorative-applied creativity in the basic school on the example of embroidery is revealed. The article explains the impact of the technology of developing pupils' decorative-applied creativity within the subject area of &quot;Technology&quot; on the development of pupils' creative abilities, preservation of national traditions. In this regard, the article will be useful to educators dealing with issues of spiritual and moral upbringing of the younger generation.
Strategies of Raising the Quality of Higher Education and Attaining Equality of Educational Opportunities
Author: Petrovskiy, Igor V.
Date: 2016-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Higher Education,Educational Opportunities,Educational Quality,Foreign Countries,Educational Policy,Educational Improvement,Educational Strategies,Equal Education,Access to Education,Geographic Regions,Surveys

The aim of the research is to develop the policy and strategy recommendations to increase the quality of higher education in Russian Federation. The study examines the significance of equal educational opportunities and the influence of this factor on the educational systems of developing countries. Transformational processes in the domain of higher education have brought forth the problem of institutional strategies of attaining the equality of educational opportunities. The study outlines ways of using regional institutional mechanisms of ensuring the equality of educational opportunities in terms of access to high-quality higher education. The results of the research are designed in the way to be applicable in any developing country facing the same problem.
Characteristic Features of Innovation Project Management Aimed at University Human Resource Development
Author: Kalimullin, Aydar M.
Date: 2016-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Human Resources,Educational Objectives,Educational Innovation,Educational Policy,College Faculty,Teaching Methods,Generalization,Educational Practices,Statistical Analysis,Labor Force Development,Program Administration,Universities,Humanities,Foreign Countries

The relevance of the studied issue is based on the need to develop theoretical approaches to project management at a higher educational institution taking into consideration the specifics of the subject area of the projects that ensure finding the &quot;growth points&quot; and addressing the long-term objectives of a university in the field of human resources. The purpose of this article is to justify the set of theoretical approaches (system, integration, process, and policy ones) and to identify the characteristic features of the innovation project management aimed at the development of human resources of a higher educational institution and ensure the formation of unique professional competencies, as well as creation of a personnel reserve of both the faculty and administrative staff, taking into account the university development objectives, the requirements of a modern education system and the objectives of the innovative development of the region. The main research techniques included: pedagogical modeling and project development, theoretical analysis and generalization of the educational practice in the field of innovation project management, as well as the methods of mathematical statistics that allowed a comprehensive study of the effectiveness of innovation project management aimed at the university human resources development based on the assessment of the dynamics of basic indicators in this area of university activities. The article deals with a set of theoretical approaches (system, integration, process, policy-making) that result in the specific features of innovation project management aimed at university human resource development. It also reveals the features that are related to characterization of the subject area of these projects: a focus on long-term results of the projects; a high degree of uncertainty of their parameters; the specifics of both the subjects and objects of management, and management processes; with a focus on environmental requirements, etc. The article may be useful for modernization of the management process of institutions of higher education; when developing innovation project management system in the field of university staffing activities.
Socio-Pedagogical Complex as a Pedagogical Support Technology of Students' Social Adaptation
Author: Sadovaya, Victoriya V.
Date: 2016-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Teaching Methods,Student Needs,Student Adjustment,Social Influences,Social Adjustment,Educational Environment,Elementary Secondary Education,Student Characteristics,Psychology,Children,Adolescents,Foreign Countries

The relevance of the problem stated in the article is determined by the need of developing technological approaches to pedagogical support of students' social adaptation. The purpose of this paper is to position the technological sequence of pedagogical support of students' social adaptation in the activities of the socio-pedagogical complex. The leading method in the study of this problem was the method of modeling, which allowed us to identify the components and structure of the socio-pedagogical complex, the implementation of which optimizes the process of students' social adaptation. The article presents and characterizes the components of the socio-pedagogical complex revealed in the course of the study; proposes activities for the centers and services that provide pedagogical support of students' social adaptation; proves the efficiency of the socio-pedagogical complex technology on the basis of children's additional education institutions. The materials of the article are of theoretical and practical value for both researchers of the problems of personality social adaptation and for educational professionals implementing pedagogical support of students' social adaptation.
Organizing the Diagnostics of Multicultural Personality in College Students
Author: Begaliyeva, Saule
Date: 2016-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Cultural Influences,Personality Traits,College Students,Multicultural Education,Social Attitudes,Ethnic Groups,Cultural Awareness,Foreign Countries,Consciousness Raising,Questionnaires,Student Attitudes

The aim of present study is to reveal the actual state of multicultural personality development in college students, based on a specially selected diagnostic inventory. The problem of multicultural personality development on the level of present pedagogics development allows taking the leading methodologic theories and approaches as the bases. These theories and approaches include personality-oriented, activity and system-integrative approaches, L.S. Vygotsky's cultural-historical theory, theory of education humanization and humanitarian orientation, theory of multicultural education, as well as creative and competence approaches. We consider the systemic approach as the priority in generalization of these approaches, because it represents the system-generating factor, which directs towards merging the common and the integral in their unity. Thus, from the systemic perspective we perceive an object (an event, a process or relations) not as summarized parts, but as something integral; moreover, we do not isolate the studied objects and do not look at them as at autonomous units; first of all, we study relationships and interactions of various components of the present whole and its relationships with the environment in order to find a way to sort and systematize the above-mentioned relationships.
Braille Reading Accuracy of Students Who Are Visually Impaired: The Effects of Gender, Age at Vision Loss, and Level of Education
Author: Argyropoulos, Vassilis
Date: 2015-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Braille,Visual Impairments,Blindness,Gender Differences,Age Differences,Educational Attainment,Foreign Countries,Special Schools,Mainstreaming,Reading Skills,Accuracy,Reading Tests,Video Technology,Correlation,Error Patterns,Decoding (Reading),Elementary School Students,Secondary School Students

Introduction: The present study assesses the performance of students who are visually impaired (that is, those who are blind or have low vision) in braille reading accuracy and examines potential correlations among the error categories on the basis of gender, age at loss of vision, and level of education. Methods: Twenty-one visually impaired Greek school-aged children participated in the present study. The students who participated were enrolled in different educational settings; that is, special schools and mainstream educational settings. The research tool was a subset (three subscales) of a standardized instrument (Test A, Padeliadu &amp; Antoniou, 2008) that evaluates reading accuracy in Greek. All interactions between researchers and students were videotaped, and the analysis of the obtained data was focused on phonological and nonphonological-type errors. Results: Significant differences in performance were found between male and female participants--t(19) = 2.12, p &lt; 0.05--as well as between students who attained primary and secondary education: t(19) = 1.96, p 0.05. The average number of errors in the three subscales correlated very highly, signifying that performance was very similar. Positive correlation was found between replacement and subtraction types of error (p &lt; 0.05), and replacement and recognition (p &lt; 0.001), and the total number of errors was positively correlated with replacement (p &lt; 0.001), subtraction (p = 0.001), and recognition errors (p &lt; 0.001). Male participants made more replacement errors: t(19) = 2.09, p ? 0.05; participants in secondary education made significantly fewer errors of recognition: t(19) = 2.49, p &lt; 0.05; and students who were congenitally blind made significantly more errors of addition: t(19) = 1.96, p = 0.05. Regarding the recognition type of error, there was a significant interaction effect between grade and age at loss of vision: F(3/17) = 3.09, p = 0.05. Discussion: Participants did not benefit exceptionally from semantic information, and it is unclear whether a higher school level leads to the improvement of braille reading accuracy. &quot;Reading the entire word&quot; seems the most effective decoding strategy. Nevertheless, further research is needed to obtain relevant data from longitudinal studies. Implications for practitioners: Listing and analyzing braille reading errors systematically may reveal error patterns. Based on these patterns, teachers would be able to differentiate their instruction to improve students' performances in braille speed and accuracy.
Educational Process Navigator as Means of Creation of Individual Educational Path of a Student
Author: Khuziakhmetov, Anvar N.
Date: 2016-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Student Needs,Educational Planning,Documentation,Content Analysis,Evaluation,Physics,Mathematics,College Students,Models,Foreign Countries

Rationale of the problem stated in the article is caused by search for new alternative models for individual educational paths of students in the continuous multi-level education system on the basis of the navigators of the educational process, being a visual matrix of individual educational space. The purpose of the article is to develop the design algorithm and implementation of individual educational paths of different types based on nature and mechanisms of individual educational path formation. Leading methodological approach of the research was person-centered approach of the educational process organization, which had the following specific features: it is specially designed for a particular student as his individual educational program; in the stage of development of individual educational route the student was: a) a subject of choice of differentiated education offered by the educational institution; b) an &quot;informal customer&quot;, &quot;showing&quot; (at the start testing) the educational institutions which designed his educational program --an individual educational route--his educational needs, educational profile and other individual characteristics. Individual educational path flexibly adapts to the student's abilities, his professional development dynamics influenced by training and can have the following forms: adaptive type--education is used to prepare for the modern professional, socioeconomic and cultural realism; developing direction--it is characterized by a wide development of opportunities, abilities and creativity of man; creative direction--it means not only the development of features and abilities, but also their use for transformation, making yourself--self-education, career, and life.
Logical-Semantic Visual Navigators--Aids for Teachers
Author: Khuziakhmetov, Anvar N.
Date: 2016-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Semantics,Visual Aids,Teaching Methods,Learning Processes,Logical Thinking,Vignettes,Science Laboratories,Foreign Countries,Concept Mapping,Student Surveys,Student Attitudes,Elementary School Students,Secondary School Students,Navigation

The relevance of the article in question is that the success of pupils' learning depends not only on the aptitude of pupils, but also on the teaching technique, including universal educational technique of various complexities. This problem is relevant on all levels of learning--from nursery schools up to higher education, including refresher courses and retraining of teachers. The purpose of this article is working out visual aids for a teacher, based on logical-semantical modeling and functioning as navigators in learners' actions, when fulfilling educational tasks. The leading method of this problem is the method of visual notion of logical- semantic models of educational actions, which enable us to view the initial problem as a purposeful and well-organized process of learning. According to the scheme of the learning process students fulfill few-stepped and multi-stepped actions and, as a result, the time of the teacher's oral explanation is shortened. The article gives logical foundation to the implementation of logical-semantic visual navigators for presenting universal educational actions. These actions are realized in coordinate matrix structures which help to fulfill few-stepped educational actions; at the same time the contents of navigators clearly reflect multi-stepped, I. e. scenario-based training actions. The functions of visual forms of navigators are clearly shown in the article. This enables students to be guided by them in the educational process, and the teacher can control the process of solving educational tasks according to the given training actions. It has been proved that the professional competence of teachers are improved thanks to the projecting of logical-semantic navigators which enable them to solve systematic tasks in forming universal training actions, performed by students.