ethanporcaro/eric-fulltext-meta huggingface dataset:
The Prayers and Tears of Foucault: Panopticism and the Politics of Dissent in &quot;An Enemy of the People&quot; and &quot;Look Back in Anger&quot;
Author: Jeihouni, Mojtaba
Date: 2016-02-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Drama,Self Concept,Power Structure,Authoritarianism,Social Theories,Social Isolation,Public Policy,Social Systems

Drawing on the thought of Foucault, this article argues that the anarchistic protagonists of Henrik Ibsen's &quot;An Enemy of the People&quot; (1882) and John Osborne's &quot;Look Back in Anger&quot; (1956) are engaged in a hegemonic battle which puts their identities at stake and ultimately exiles them to isolation. It points out that the very success of both in renouncing authority's sovereignty is what actually hastens their failure in the end. The identification of this failure with panopticism, which for Foucault characterizes the modern economy of power, is the primary concern of this article. It is argued that through the subtle process of normalizing subjects the panopticon establishes a disciplinary society where citizens are stripped of their subjective voices. The central characters of both plays are thus easily exposed to panoptic surveillance when they decide to take on the strategies of power. Further, using Foucault's concept of exclusion, the article proceeds to illustrate how in filtering out these delinquent individuals the hands of power urge them to refine their ways and how, upon failure, they exert the policy of exclusion.
Examining the Impact of Novel Pre-Activity Tasks on Macroskills: The Case of Group Discussion on Writing Ability
Author: Khoshsima, Hooshang
Date: 2016-02-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Group Discussion,Writing Skills,English (Second Language),Second Language Learning,Second Language Instruction,Control Groups,Experimental Groups,Computer Software,Pretests Posttests,Foreign Countries,Prewriting,Teaching Methods,Writing Instruction,Conventional Instruction,Statistical Analysis,Language Tests

The main concern of most researchers in the field of second and foreign language teaching is lessening the problems and eliminating the hinders on the way of learning a language. Writing is considered as one of the most challenging and complicated tasks for learners to perform particularly when they have to write in a second or foreign language. Numerous studies were done on the importance of the pre-writing stage and activities which are directly and indirectly related to the theme of the writing. Accordingly, the main aim of this study was to examine the effects of group discussion as a pre-activity task on writing ability. To this aim, 27 Iranian EFL learners, who were at the same level--intermediate--studying at Shokuh and Safir Institutes, Birjand, Iran were chosen randomly. Two groups--one control and one experimental group--were studied. In control group the conventional method was used in teaching writing, while in experimental group, group discussion pre-activity task was administered. After 16 sessions, the obtained data of the pretests and posttests was analyzed by SPSS software. According to the results, researcher strongly concluded that group discussion has no significant effect on writing ability of Iranian intermediate learners. This study can help teachers and syllabus designers in choosing and applying an effective pre-activity task.
Language Choice and Use of Malaysian Public University Lecturers in the Education Domain
Author: Mei, Tam Lee
Date: 2016-02-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Language Usage,Multilingualism,Cultural Pluralism,Questionnaires,College Faculty,Decision Making,Context Effect,Teacher Attitudes,Ethnicity,English (Second Language),Second Language Learning,Informal Education,Educational Policy,Language of Instruction,Chinese,Indonesian,Dravidian Languages,Sino Tibetan Languages,Statistical Analysis,Asians,Indians,Case Studies,Foreign Countries

It is a norm for people from a multilingual and multicultural country such as Malaysia to speak at least two or more languages. Thus, the Malaysian multilingual situation resulted in speakers having to make decisions about which languages are to be used for different purposes in different domains. In order to explain the phenomenon of language choice, Fishman domain analysis (1964) was adapted into this research. According to Fishman's domain analysis, language choice and use may depend on the speaker's experiences situated in different settings, different language repertoires that are available to the speaker, different interlocutors and different topics. Such situations inevitably cause barriers and difficulties to those professionals who work in the education domain. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to explore the language choice and use of Malaysian public university lecturers in the education domain and to investigate whether any significant differences exist between ethnicity and field of study with the English language choice and use of the lecturers. 200 survey questionnaires were distributed to examine the details of the lecturers' language choice and use. The findings of this research reveal that all of the respondents generally preferred to choose and use English language in both formal and informal education domain. Besides, all of the respondents claimed that they chose and used more than one language. It is also found that ethnicity and field of study of the respondents influence the language choice and use in the education domain. In addition, this research suggested that the language and educational policy makers have been largely successful in raising the role and status of the English language as the medium of instruction in tertiary education while maintaining the Malay language as having an important role in the communicative acts, thus characterizing the lecturers' language choice and use.
The Notion of Unhomeliness in &quot;The Pickup&quot;: Homi Bhabha Revisited
Author: Rostami, Ali Akbar Moghaddasi
Date: 2016-02-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Sense of Community,Novels,Islamic Culture,Undocumented Immigrants,Intimacy,Literature Appreciation,Identification (Psychology),Socioeconomic Status

This study centers on two characters in Nadine Gordimer's novel &quot;The Pickup&quot;: Abdu and Julie. Abdu is an illegal immigrant in South Africa and is deported from there to his homeland. Julie who is white woman from a high social class in South Africa meets and falls in love with Abdu and moves to Abdu's unknown Islamic country. She finds her lost identity in Abdu's homeland and stays in his country and tries to adapt herself to Islamic laws and traditions, while Abdu feels unhomely in his own homeland and tries to move to the United State. The research sought to analyze these two wandering characters through the notions of unhomeliness, and in-between space. Identity of the two characters was not determined by the country.
Psychological and Cultural Borderlands in Tayyib Salih's &quot;Season of Migration to the North&quot;
Author: Zeidanin, Hussein Hasan
Date: 2016-02-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Novels,Western Civilization,Self Concept,Cultural Background,Educational Background,Urbanization,Foreign Countries,Psychological Patterns,Conflict,Ideology,Females,Role,Nationalism,Acculturation,Values,African Culture,Personality Problems,Semitic Languages

This paper explores the conflicting points of view of the narrator and Saeed in Tayyib Salih's novel. Their conflict emanates from psychological and ideological sources and foreshadows their relations with the western civilization and women. While some scenes and events of the novel introduce Saeed as an alter ego or double of the narrator for their identical social, cultural and educational backgrounds, others represent him as an id that needs to be regulated and controlled by the narrator who plays the role of the ego. The paper further contends that Saeed is neither a nationalist nor assimilationist; rather, he is a culturally hybrid character who equally identifies with the occidental culture of England and the oriental culture of Sudan. His latent hatred, mistrust and enmity towards the occident can be considered ironic or parodic on the ground that he vigorously seeks to import the western values of modernism, urbanization, egalitarianism and enlightenment to Sudan.
Text Me! Interpersonal Discourse Analysis of Egyptian Mobile Operators' SMSs
Author: El-Falaky, Mai Samir
Date: 2016-02-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Interpersonal Communication,Discourse Analysis,Electronic Mail,Advertising,Lexicology,Grammar,Online Vendors,Computer Mediated Communication,Handheld Devices,Interpersonal Relationship,Power Structure,Foreign Countries

The present study examines the discourse of a number of Short Messaging Service (SMS). The selected data is analyzed according to the lexico-grammatical choices reflected in the interpersonal metafunction. Results are, then, interpreted for the purpose of deciding how service providers use language to convince a large number of customers of their digital products. Such accomplishment is conditioned by how much they succeed in persuading their audience that they are capable of providing them useful products and how these products, in turn, meet their communicative demands. The study assure that the selection of the lexico-grammatical tools is crucial in enabling senders to perform a number of functions such as constructing social relations, exercising power or maintaining solidarity with the receivers.
Relationship between the Onset Age of Bilingualism and Development of Cognitive Control among Nigerians
Author: Al-Shujairi, Yasir Bdaiwi Jasim
Date: 2016-02-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Age Differences,Bilingualism,Second Language Learning,Language Proficiency,Language Tests,English (Second Language),Computer Software,Task Analysis,Foreign Countries,Computer Assisted Testing,Cognitive Ability,Statistical Analysis,College Students,Graduate Students,Foreign Students

An increasing body of studies suggests that bilingual persons are better than monolinguals on a variety of cognitive measures. Thus, the present study investigates the relationship between the onset age of bilingual and the development of cognitive control among Nigerians. 10 bilingual students studying at University Putra Malaysia have been selected to participate in this study. They are divided into two groups: 5 early and 5 late bilinguals. The data are collected using online English proficiency test and E-prime software as instruments. Both groups are examined for English proficiency and performance on a flanker task. The result demonstrates that early bilinguals are more proficient in English than late bilinguals. Moreover, early bilingual performs better than late bilingual on flanker task. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that being early active bilinguals tend to have greater advantages in cognitive control and higher language proficiency.
An Evaluative Study of Machine Translation in the EFL Scenario of Saudi Arabia
Author: Al-Tuwayrish, Raneem Khalid
Date: 2016-02-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Computational Linguistics,Translation,Second Language Learning,English (Second Language),Technology Uses in Education,Web Sites,Undergraduate Students,Communication (Thought Transfer),Control Groups,Experimental Groups,Barriers,Educational Benefits

Artificial Intelligence or AI as it is popularly known and its corollary, Machine Translation (MT) have long engaged scientists, thinkers and linguists alike in the twenty first century. However, the wider question that lies in the relation between technology and translation is, What does technology do to language? This is an important question in the current paradigm because new translation technologies, such as, translation memories, data-based machine translation, and collaborative translation, far from being just additional tools, are changing the very nature of the translators' cognitive activity, social relations, and professional standing. In fact, in some translation situations such as when translating technical materials or subject matter that are not a specialization with human translators, one potentially needs technology. The purview of this paper, however, is limited to the role of MT in day to day situations where the generic MT tools like Google Translate or Bing Translator are encouraged. Further, it endeavours to weigh and empirically demonstrate the pros and cons of MT with a view to recommending measures for better communication training in the EFL set up of Saudi Arabia.
Particle Choices and Collocation in Cameroon English Phrasal Verbs
Author: Epoge, Napoleon
Date: 2016-02-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,English (Second Language),Second Language Learning,Phrase Structure,Verbs,Semantics,Syntax,Learning Strategies,Language Variation,Language Proficiency,Language Tests,Multiple Choice Tests,Reading Comprehension,Form Classes (Languages),Language Usage,College Students

The meaning of some phrasal verbs can be guessed from the meanings of the parts (to sit down = sit + down, run after = run + after) and the meaning of some others have to be learned (to put up (a visitor) = accommodate, to hold up = cause delay or try to rob someone) due to their syntactic and semantic complexities. In this regard, the syntactic and semantic properties are expected to be the same in every English speaking context. Thus, this paper aims to explore the input-oriented syntactic and semantic properties of phrasal verbs in Cameroon English. Findings reveal that the syntactic property of some phrasal verbs undergoes innovative processes such as particle substitution (to &quot;round up&quot; a point), omission (to &quot;bite&quot; more than you can chew), and redundancy (to &quot;meet up with&quot; the requirements); while the semantic property undergoes the process of semantic extension (to &quot;came out with&quot; a pathetic story to justify ones absence from office; to &quot;come out with&quot; a wonderful strategy to curb corruption), and semantic shift (to &quot;put up with&quot; someone for one semester). This reveals that, in the New English context such as Cameroon, users resort to the domestication of the alien language as a functional and dominant paradigm to combat cultural imperialism and express new identity.
The Acquisition of English Restrictive Relative Clauses by Arab Adult EFL Learners
Author: Alroudhan, Hayat Eid
Date: 2016-02-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Arabs,Second Language Learning,English (Second Language),Form Classes (Languages),Language Acquisition,Adult Learning,Adult Students,Syntax,Transfer of Training,Age,Language Tests,Statistical Analysis

This study investigates the challenges faced by Arab adult learners of English as a foreign language (EFL) in acquiring English restrictive relative clauses (RRCs), as well as the factors that affect the process of acquisition. This issue has received considerable attention in second language (L2) research. The present study discusses the syntactic structure of RRCs in English and Arabic with regard to the use of resumptive pronouns and the use of overt versus covert relative markers as related to the definiteness of the head noun. This study is carried out using an acceptability judgment test as the tool for data collection. A sample of 100 male and female adult Arabic speakers is used with the aim of identifying potential acquisition problems. The results obtained provide further support for first language (L1) transfer. This study concludes that participants accepted the use of resumptive pronouns and preferred the overt relative markers determined by definiteness. It is further discovered that certain factors influenced the acquisition process such as participants' age, age of learning, and age of immersion. The current study has some pedagogical implications for the teaching of relative clauses in the EFL context.
Is Hybrid Education and Videoconferencing the Wave of the Future for Online Courses?
Author: Popma, Joe
Date: 2012-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Videoconferencing,Blended Learning,Online Courses,Educational Trends,Literature Reviews,Delivery Systems,Educational Practices,Pilot Projects,Educational Research

A comprehensive literature review examines the effectiveness of hybrid education utilizing videoconferencing. The observations and perceptions of both students and the instructor participating in a hybrid pilot program will be discussed. Discussion highlights the value of hybrid education within the context of the students' busy schedules and concludes with implications and recommendations for implementing such a program.
Reading through Films
Author: Raman, Madhavi Gayathri
Date: 2016-02-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: English (Second Language),Second Language Instruction,Undergraduate Students,Teaching Methods,Popular Culture,Audiovisual Instruction,Reading Materials,Films,Novels,Reading Assignments,Writing Assignments,Language Skills,Foreign Countries

This paper captures the design of a comprehensive curriculum incorporating the four skills based exclusively on the use of parallel audio-visual and written texts. We discuss the use of authentic materials to teach English to Indian undergraduates aged 18 to 20 years. Specifically, we talk about the use of parallel reading (screen-play) and audiovisual texts (&quot;Shawshank Redemption,&quot; and &quot;Life is Beautiful,&quot; &quot;A Few Good Men&quot; and &quot;Lion King&quot;) drawn from popular culture in the classroom as an effective teaching medium. Students were gradually introduced to films based on novels with extracts from the original texts (&quot;Schindler's List,&quot; &quot;Beautiful Mind&quot;) for extended reading and writing practice. We found that students began to pay more attention to aspects such as pronunciation, intonational variations, discourse markers and vocabulary items (phrasal verbs, synonyms, homophones, and puns).
From CATs to WILD HOGs: Elevating the Level of Discussion in the Online Classroom
Author: DeCosta, Meredith
Date: 2015-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Online Courses,Computer Mediated Communication,Interpersonal Communication,Group Discussion,Questioning Techniques,Classroom Techniques,Virtual Classrooms,Student Evaluation,Courseware,Teacher Participation,Facilitators (Individuals),Teacher Role,Educational Practices,Student Improvement,Technology Uses in Education,Usability

Online education is growing at a rapid pace. To meet the increasing demand for online education, many universities have designed courses to enable the instructor to be more of a facilitator than an active participant in the classroom space (Ragan, 2009). However, building an active, student-centered learning environment in online classrooms is needed to prevent instructors from becoming stagnant and to inspire them to take on a range of roles as the students' &quot;guide, facilitator, and teacher&quot; (Ragan, 2009, p. 6). One integral component of this process is to develop and test effective questioning skills and activities in the discussion forums like Classroom Assessment Techniques (CATs) (Angelo and Cross, 1993) and Written Intentionally for Learning Depth and Higher Order Genius questions (WILD HOGs) (Johnson, 2014). This article argues that in combination CATs and WILD HOGs help establish teacher presence, assess student learning, address areas of concern in the classroom, and, most compellingly, elevate students' understanding of challenging concepts.
Impact of Hybrid Instruction on Student Achievement in Post-Secondary Institutions: A Synthetic Review of the Literature
Author: Lamport, Mark A.
Date: 2012-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Literature Reviews,Blended Learning,Academic Achievement,Online Courses,Instructional Effectiveness,Time Factors (Learning),College Programs,Electronic Learning,Conventional Instruction,Delivery Systems,Teaching Methods

Hybrid online instruction is a cross between traditional face-to-face classroom format and online-only instruction. The premise behind hybrid instruction is that it provides the benefits of personal interaction with the convenience and flexibility of online assignments and discussions. While there has been significant research on how students perceive this form of instruction, less exists on the impact of hybrid instruction on student achievement. The current data is varied, with a majority of studies showing increased achievement in the hybrid classroom compared to traditional classrooms, but similar achievement to online courses. Since hybrid formats are significantly varied in the percentage of time spent online, subject matters, student populations, etc., it can be difficult to compare methods solely focused on achievement. This article is a review of the literature that provides implications/recommendations for online teachers with empirically-based strategies and suggestions for the effective implementation of a hybrid course.
Learning Together: Perceived Cognitive and Behavioral Outcomes of Learners in a Nontraditional, Professional Doctoral Program
Author: Radda, Hank
Date: 2012-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Nontraditional Education,Doctoral Programs,Outcomes of Education,Social Development,Emotional Development,Knowledge Economy,Program Design,Program Effectiveness,Qualitative Research,Grounded Theory,Graduate Students,Student Attitudes,Academic Education,Distance Education,Christianity,Church Related Colleges,Time Management,Interpersonal Competence,Leadership,Writing Skills,Research Skills,Critical Thinking,Focus Groups

In recent years nontraditional professional doctoral programs have been on the rise. Fueled by the demand of the new &quot;knowledge-based&quot; economy, these doctoral programs are becoming increasingly important in training professionals to become experts in their fields. As such, data on the learning outcomes of nontraditional programs becomes useful in understanding educational effectiveness as well as creating feedback for future program design. In this study over 500 doctoral learners in an online doctoral program with residency requirements participated in structured discussions about the perceived outcomes of their doctoral journey. Qualitative analysis using grounded theory suggests that students perceived certain behavioral and cognitive dispositions during the doctoral program. Discussion reveals that there is a fertile area for ongoing investigation on the perceived outcomes of nontraditional doctoral programs in terms of both academic learning and social-emotional development.