ethanporcaro/eric-fulltext-meta huggingface dataset:
Role Play: A Productive Teaching Strategy to Promote Critical Thinking
Author: Rashid, Sumaira
Date: 2017-08-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Teaching Methods,Role Playing,Critical Thinking,Thinking Skills,Elementary School Students,Interaction,Foreign Countries,Grade 4

In this article, the aim of teaching experiment was to investigate the usefulness of role play strategy in the development of critical thinking among elementary students. Evidence was collected in a usual classroom context in the form of observation (audio and video recording), questionnaire. The results of such teaching were evaluated through students discourse emerged during student-student and teacher-student interaction and by the change of their thinking analyzed through pre- and post-questionnaire. Findings suggest that role playing is a productive teaching approach in promoting critical thinking in Pakistani context.
Library Resources for Persons with Special Needs: A Quantitative Analysis
Author: Bashir, Rukhsana
Date: 2017-08-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Library Materials,Academic Libraries,Librarians,Accessibility (for Disabled),Library Personnel,Library Services,Assistive Technology,Educational Technology,Braille,Blindness,Student Needs,Deafness,Telecommunications,Foreign Countries,Disabilities

The main objective of this study was to identify the library resources available for persons with special needs in the libraries of public and private sector universities of Lahore, Punjab province. The sample of the study included 23 librarians working in the libraries of different departments which were selected through simple random sampling technique. A self-developed and validated instrument &quot;Adaptation in Library Resources Questionnaire (ALRQ)&quot; having four components; building access and environment, library staff, library services and adaptive technology for computer was used. The reliability index (Cronbach Alpha) was 0.79. The responses of the subjects were rated on three-point criteria i.e. yes, no, to some extent. Data were analyzed on SPSS. The findings revealed that ramps and elevators were available, directional signs in large print, book call numbers converted into Braille for blind students and telecommunication devices had not been provided to the deaf persons in the libraries. On the basis of major findings, it was recommended that academic libraries must follow universal design of learning that require the formulation of policy about provision of library services to people with special needs, allotting adequate budgets for constructing disability friendly buildings and installation of assistive technology for persons with special needs.
Internal Marketing and Employee&apos;s Innovative Work Behavior: The Mediating Role of Job Embeddedness
Author: Haider, Mubarak Hussain
Date: 2017-04-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Employees,Social Capital,Manufacturing,Marketing,Foreign Countries,Work Environment,Innovation,Persistence,Behavior

The current study objective was to find the impact of internal marketing (IM) on innovative work behavior (IWB) of employees with mediating role of job embeddedness (JE) and Social capital (SC) as a moderating variable. A non-probability sampling technique was used to collect data from employees of auto parts manufacturing sector from different cities of Pakistan. In order to test the hypothesis, regression analysis, mediation and moderation analysis were used in SPSS and in Hayes Bootstrap Method. For confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), AMOS was used. Regression results revealed that IM has a positive impact on IWB and JE. Similarly, JE, when used as an independent variable, has a positive impact on IWB. The mediation analysis showed that JE mediates between IM and IWB. Moderation analysis depicts that SC moderates between JE and IWB. At the end implications of this study, suggestions for future empirical exploration of the constructs have been proposed.
Capacity Building of School Councils: A Study of Government Primary Schools in District Bhakkar
Author: Ghulam Behlol, Malik
Date: 2017-04-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Capacity Building,School Councils,Public Schools,Elementary Schools,Intervention,Access to Education,Educational Quality,Workshops,Organizational Effectiveness

The major objective of the study was to examine the scope and impact of interventions carried out by National Rural Support Program (NRSP) for capacity building of school councils (SC) in district Bhakkar. Survey method was applied to conduct this study that allows examining the variables in natural setting without any manipulation or control. Geographical universe of the study was district Bhakkar whereas primary school teachers and SC members were the human universe of the study. Random and purposive sampling techniques were applied to select the sample of the study. Structured interview was constructed and validated by the experts to collect data. The major conclusions of the study are that SC may have positive impact on the access and quality of education in providing financial, administrative and intellectual support to primary schools. It needs to be restructured and SCs members get need based training for effective monitoring, supervising, supporting and facilitating schools. The current capacity building workshop has a significant impact but much is needed to be done to make SC a really supportive tool for primary schools.
Instructional Leadership at University Level in Pakistan: A Multi Variable Based Comparative Study of Leadership Styles of Heads of Academic Departments
Author: Bashir, Irfan
Date: 2017-04-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Instructional Leadership,Higher Education,Department Heads,Leadership Styles,Public Colleges,Private Colleges,Gender Differences,College Faculty,Attitudes,Individual Characteristics,Institutional Characteristics,Leadership Training,Reflection

The paper aims to explore the leadership styles of Heads of Departments (HoDs) and opinions of the faculty about the leadership styles of their respective HoDs. Further it explores leadership style differences based on foreign qualification and gender of HoDs of the public and private sector universities of Pakistan. This exploratory descriptive research study uses random sampling technique. A sample of 120 Heads of the Departments and 240 faculty members representing various faculties and departments from five public and five private Sector universities of the Punjab are selected. The five point Likert Scale questionnaires based on Goleman's Leadership styles, having content validity &amp; Alpha reliability (0.86), both for faculty and Heads of the Departments are used for data collection. Results of the study show certain differences between opinions of the faculty, leadership styles of Heads of the Departments based on sector and gender of the HoDs. The study concludes that leadership courses and training for Heads of the Departments; strong and free communication between HoDs and the faculty; and reflective practices by Heads of the Departments should be a practice in Higher Education of Pakistan.
Comparison of Evaluation Methods of Teaching Practice of Formal and Non-Formal Teacher Education Institutions of Punjab
Author: Younus, Fouzia
Date: 2017-04-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Teaching Methods,Nonformal Education,Foreign Countries,Evaluation Methods,Comparative Analysis,Preservice Teachers,Preservice Teacher Education,Cooperating Teachers

The study was carried out to investigate evaluation methods of teaching practice of formal and non-formal teacher education institutions. Major objective was to compare the evaluation methods of teaching practice implemented in formal and non-formal teacher education institutions in Pakistan. Four hundred prospective teachers were selected randomly in which 200 prospective teachers were from formal universities and 200 were selected from non-formal institutions. The data were collected by administering the validated questionnaires. Data were analyzed by using two-way chi square techniques to compare the responses of formal and non-formal prospective teachers. Prospective teachers of both formal and non-formal system have the opinion that duration of teaching practice was not enough for their training. Prospective teachers of both systems showed their agreement that they were judged on the basis of; through well introduction of the topic, well presentation and well explanation of the content. Prospective teachers of formal and non-formal universities projected that the evaluation of prospective teachers during teaching practice was satisfactory. Majority of prospective teachers of formal universities intended that supervisor involved the cooperating teacher in their evaluation while prospective teachers of non-formal universities rejected the involvement of cooperating teachers in evaluation.
Validation of the Higher Education Commission&apos;s Quality Assurance Indicators Used for Self-Assessment Mechanism at Universities in Punjab Province
Author: Ilyas Aslam, Muhammad
Date: 2017-12-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Quality Assurance,Educational Quality,Higher Education,College Faculty,Expertise,Educational Indicators,Self Evaluation (Individuals),Teacher Attitudes,Educational Environment,Teacher Role,Student Needs

The objective of the study was to determine content validation of Higher Education Commission's quality assurance indicators used for self-assessment of academic programs at universities. The recommendations of the study might be helpful for HEC, university authorities, teachers, students and policy-making agencies to assure quality of education at higher education level. Total forty faculty members from eight public sector universities from Punjab province randomly consulted as experts in this study and answered a rating scale. The rating scale derived from HEC quality assurance indicators, 'Survey of Graduating Students' input on quality of education was administered. The results determined the content validity of quality assurance indicators with reformulations. Quantitative and qualitative data was analyzed focusing percentage, mean value, and standard deviation. Demographic effects were measured by calculating ANOVA statistics. It was noted that majority of the experts restated and given comments on existing indicators. The results confirmed that the procedure of content validation of indicators is indispensable for the development of self-assessment mechanism. These indicators provide base line for taking measures regarding quality of education through self-assessment mechanism. Quality of education can be enhanced through a quality assurance system and quality assurance system stays alive based on self-assessment process.
Investigating the Effectiveness of Cooperative Learning Method on Teaching of English Grammar
Author: Khan, Asif
Date: 2017-04-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Cooperative Learning,Teaching Methods,Grammar,Grade 7,English (Second Language),Second Language Instruction,Conventional Instruction,Instructional Effectiveness,Gender Differences,Elementary School Students,Foreign Countries

The present study investigated and compared the effect of cooperative learning method and the whole class traditional method in developing English language of the students of 7th class. The students under control conditions were taught through whole class traditional method and the students in experiment groups were taught through cooperative learning method. The STAD (Student Teams Achievement Divisions) model of cooperative learning was used in this study. Four intact (as it is) groups were taken from boys and girls schools for this study. A pre-test post test control group design was applied. The independent sample t-test procedures were used to compare the control and experimental groups on pre-test and post test scores of achievement test. The results of the study revealed no statistical significance difference on pre-test scores of both the groups which means that the groups were alike in their achievement in English grammar before the experiment whereas the experimental classes outperformed the control classes when compared on post test scores after the experiment. The results based on post test scores showed that the STAD model of cooperative learning had significant effect on the achievement of students, both male and female, in learning English grammar at Elementary level. The effect size was also calculated to determine the magnitude of difference between achievements of experimental and control groups which showed high increase in the achievement of treatment groups.
Coaching in Childhood Education: Using Lessons Learned to Develop Best Practice for Professional Development in a State System
Author: Ernest, James M.
Date: 2018-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Best Practices,Faculty Development,Coaching (Performance),Preschool Education,Preschool Children,Reflection,Early Childhood Education,Educational Quality

Recent economic analyses point to large returns for investing in quality early childhood education programs and programs provided for children in poverty most often show the greatest benefits for children. This article describes the role of an innovative coaching approach to educator professional development in one of the poorest states in the United States of America with 55% of children from birth to age six living in poverty. The authors describe the benefits of a quality Pre-Kindergarten education and examples of system-wide innovations that have allowed the program to increase from serving 6% to 25% of all eligible four-year-olds, while increasing the percentage of children meeting or exceeding widely-held expectations by the end of the program. Examples of innovations are provided that can be used by other programs to advocate for increasing Pre-Kindergarten investment and the quality of programs for young children.
Role of Pakistan Studies in Promoting Political Awareness at Secondary Level in Pakistan
Author: Muzaffar, Muhammad
Date: 2017-12-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Political Issues,Consciousness Raising,Knowledge Level,Secondary School Students,Textbooks,Citizenship Education,Textbook Content,Gender Differences,Rural Urban Differences

This study was designed to determine the role of Pakistan studies in promoting political awareness among the secondary level students in Pakistan. The study was delimited to three divisions of the Punjab province. A sample of 480 students was taken from the High and Higher Secondary Schools of Faisalabad, Multan and Rawalpindi Divisions. The tools of research adopted in this study were content analysis of the curriculum of Pakistan Studies and a test regarding the basic political knowledge. The collected data were analyzed by using the descriptive as well as inferential statistics. The content analyses showed a little inclusion of the text on the basic political knowledge and the test results confirmed the lower level of political awareness among the students. The integration of the basic political information in the books of Pakistan studies at secondary level was recommended in this study.
Mind Maps in Classroom Teaching and Learning
Author: Arulselvi, Evangelin
Date: 2017-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Learning Strategies,Decision Making,Thinking Skills,Brain,Cognitive Processes,Visual Aids,Educational Benefits,Concept Mapping

Mind Mapping is a learning technique which uses a non-linear approach that encourages the learner to think and explore concepts using visual-spatial relationships flowing from a central theme to peripheral branches which can be inter-related. The new millennium is being called the Millennium of the Mind, and Mind Mapping is becoming widely accepted in schools, industry and government. The great advantage of a Mind Map is that it literally &quot;maps&quot; the way a person's brain sees and creates connections; once mastered, it brings incredible clarity and ease to decision-making process, using all of the ways the brain processes information -- word, image, logic, number, rhythm, colour and spatial awareness, so that the person is literally thinking with his or her whole brain. Because of these benefits, the use of Mind Mapping holds promise as a technique to aid students in learning.
Teaching Styles of Secondary School English Teachers and Learning Styles of Their Students and Relationship of Teaching Learning Style Match with Students&apos; Achievement
Author: Khalid, Mubashira
Date: 2017-12-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Grade 10,Secondary School Teachers,Language Teachers,English (Second Language),Teaching Styles,Cognitive Style,Secondary School Students,Second Language Instruction,Academic Achievement,Correlation

Present study endeavors to explore the 10th grade secondary schools English teachers' teaching styles and learning styles of their students and examine the potential relationship between teaching learning style match with student's academic achievement as shown by their last secondary school board's results. A sample of forty two schools was selected from the population of Punjab province government schools. All the English class students and their class teachers were the respondent of this study. Relevant information was collected through teaching and learning styles inventories from teachers and their students and English subject result was obtained through their relevant schools. The study employed Grasha's inventory (1996) in diverse learning styles categories related to students and investigate teaching styles related to teachers. Grasha's inventory was employed on five sub categories of the scale. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics techniques. The results demonstrate that students' learning styles and their achievement in English course, have statistically significance difference among them and statistically significance effect was not found, between students' learning styles and teachers' teaching styles on students English achievements.
Relationship between Mathematics Teachers&apos; Self Efficacy and Students&apos; Academic Achievement at Secondary Level
Author: Gulistan, Muhammad
Date: 2017-12-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Mathematics Teachers,Self Efficacy,Teacher Effectiveness,Secondary School Students,Secondary School Teachers,Foreign Countries,Gender Differences,Mathematics Achievement,Correlation

Research studies proved that teachers' self-efficacy is directly related to students' academic achievement and overall learning. The current study was conducted to explore relationship of mathematics teachers' self-efficacy with students' academic achievement at secondary level. A sample of 576 respondents with a break up of 96 math teachers (48 male and 48 female) and 480 students (240 male and 240 female) from six districts (Chakwal, Attock, Mianwali, Lahore, Leyyah and Muzaffar Garah) of the Punjab province. Academic score of the Students in the subject of mathematics was collected from relevant (BISE) documents. Pearson correlation was used to determine association between self-efficacy and academic achievement. Math male teachers' self-efficacy and math female teachers' self-efficacy was also compared on t-test assuming two sample having equal variances. No significant difference was found between mean scores of male teachers' self-efficacy and female teachers' self-efficacy. Gender differences in students' mathematics achievement were also determined. Comparison of both male students' academic achievement and female students' academic achievement indicated no significant difference. The findings of the study reflected a strong correlation between mathematics teachers' self-efficacy and their students' academic achievement. Recommendations were made to build higher level efficacy beliefs of teachers during in-service training programs and promotion link training programs.
Investigation of the Interest-Based Method and Mathematical Word Problem Solving Skills among Middle School Students with Learning Disabilities in Inclusive Classrooms
Author: Herr, Ojoma Edeh
Date: 2018-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Teaching Methods,Student Interests,Conventional Instruction,Mathematics Instruction,Word Problems (Mathematics),Middle School Students,Problem Solving,Instructional Effectiveness,Learning Disabilities,Grade 7

This study examined the effects of two training methods (interest-based and traditional) used to improve math word problem performance of middle school students with and without learning disabilities, as measured by the Herr Scale of Mathematical Word Problem Solving Situations. Students were randomly assigned to one of the two treatment groups: the interest-based method or the traditional method. Significant treatment group main effects were found in math word problem performance of students with learning disabilities. Results indicated students with learning disabilities in the interest-based method had higher posttest scores compared to students with learning disabilities in the traditional method. In addition, the posttest scores of students with learning disabilities in the interest-based method were similar to the posttest scores of students without learning disabilities. However, there were no significant differences in the posttest scores of students without disabilities between the treatment groups. Curriculum implications were addressed.
Obstacles in the Enhancement of Technical Education in Pakistan: Views and Reviews
Author: Raza, Ahmed
Date: 2017-04-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Barriers,Technical Education,Alumni,Engineering Education,College Faculty,Educational Finance,Financial Support,Curriculum,Alignment (Education),School Business Relationship,Vocational Education,Educational Quality,Females

Most of the policy makers of developed and developing countries declare Technical Education, a master key for the swift economic growth of a nation. Regrettably, the evidences show that Technical Education could not play the expected role in the industrial and economic growth of Pakistan. The study aimed to diagnose the causes of not achieving set targets of Technical education in Pakistan and to suggest the solutions to these problems. The qualitative data were collected through thirty (30) semi-structured interviews of experts, comprising alumni of Diploma of Associate Engineers (DAE), faculty members, policy makers and other experts of Technical Education in Pakistan by using purposive sampling technique. The data analysis reflects that, the dire need to improve funding for Technical Education is quite indispensible, the curricula is outdated and need to be revised periodically, the improved coordination between different stakeholders of Technical Education can uplift the teaching-learning environment. The study further indicates that, the industry-institute linkage is weak in the country, it is suggested that an effective industry-institute linkage is necessary to improve quality of Technical Education in the country, participation of private sector in Technical Education needs to be improved and system should be developed for periodic revision of curricula and organized professional/industrial training of students and faculty members. An independent University of Technical Education should be established to enhance the opportunities of higher Technical Education in the country.