ethanporcaro/eric-fulltext-meta huggingface dataset:
Effect of Context on Types of Hesitation Strategies Used by Iranian EFL Learners in L2 Oral Language Tests
Author: rad, Shadi Khojasteh
Date: 2012-07-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,English (Second Language),Second Language Learning,Second Language Instruction,Oral Language,Language Tests,College Students,Native Speakers,Language Proficiency,Pragmatics,Foreign Students,Indo European Languages,Pictorial Stimuli,Context Effect,Questionnaires,Interviews

Hesitation strategies appear in speech in the form of filled or unfilled pauses, paralinguistic markers like nervous laughter or coughing, or signals which are used to justify units in the coming utterances in which the speaker struggles to produce. The main functions of these forms of hesitation strategies have been associated with speech planning or accessing speech difficulties. The present paper reports on a study which investigated the effect of context on hesitation strategies employed by Iranian university students. Previous studies on hesitation strategies used by beginner or advanced L2 learners revealed that beginners mostly leave their hesitation pauses unfilled which cause their speech to sound disfluent, and advanced learners tend to use various fillers in order to sound like native speakers. The study examines this phenomenon across different contexts in an oral L2 test situation. The respondents were a group of students registered in the Tertiary English Language Program at a university in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The frequency and use of silent pauses, silent pauses and fillers, fillers, and non-lexical words were examined in four different L2 oral tasks. The aim was to identify the effect of context on the types of hesitation strategies employed by the EFL learners in speaking tests.
The Effect of Dynamic versus Static Assessment on Syntactic Development of Iranian College Preparatory EFL Learners
Author: Jafary, Mohamad Reza
Date: 2012-07-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,College Students,English (Second Language),Second Language Learning,Second Language Instruction,Experimental Groups,Models,Syntax,Role,Control Groups,Grammar,Language Tests,Pretests Posttests,Scores,Males,Multiple Choice Tests,Statistical Analysis,High School Students,Teaching Methods,Comparative Analysis,Outcomes of Education

This study investigated the effect of dynamic assessment on learners' syntactic knowledge. The main concern of this study was significant difference between dynamic and static assessment and the possible role of these two forms of assessment on the syntactic development of Iranian EFL college preparatory learners. To fulfill the purpose of the study, NELSON was administered to 70 pre university male learners. Those learners with scores one standard deviation above and below the mean were selected for the purpose of the study. There were 60 students who were then divided into experimental and control groups. Next, the pre-test (a teacher-made, multiple-choice test) was administered to 20 subjects of parallel group. Then, twelve multiple-choice grammar tests were administered to the subjects of the experimental group. The students received mediation in dynamic assessment model which involved some strategies like looking for clues, eliminating the answers that do not fit and comparison strategies. The mediation process was designed to enable teachers to mediate each of the items in an interactive way. The mediation was divided into two stages: a) manipulation of grammatical and structural point through the strategies mentioned above and b) information paper which was given to the students at the end of each session to work on them at home. The control group received deductive grammatical rules during twelve sessions. Finally, the pre-test was re-administered as the post-test and t-test was applied. The results showed that at 0.05 level of significance the mean of experimental group was more than the mean of control group for different scores and consequently the null-hypothesis was rejected. The study proved that dynamic assessment outperformed in improving syntactic knowledge of the learners.
The Relationship between Willingness to Communicate and Multiple Intelligences among Learners of English as a Foreign Language
Author: Mohammadzadeh, Afsaneh
Date: 2012-07-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: English (Second Language),Second Language Learning,Communication (Thought Transfer),Multiple Intelligences,Profiles,Correlation,Gender Differences,Native Language,Questionnaires,Measures (Individuals),Translation,Literature,College Students,Second Language Instruction,Foreign Countries

The present study was conducted to examine the existence of any possible relationship between willingness to communicate (WTC) and multiple intelligences (MI) among over 500 EFL learners. The study also investigated the effect of gender on the relationship between these two constructs. The data for the research were gathered using a three-part questionnaire which was presented in the students' native language. A revised version of Gardner's MI measure was used to assess the participants' intelligences. Students' WTC was measured through a twenty-item WTC scale. In addition, a biodata questionnaire was used to get some demographic information about the learners. The findings revealed that the MI profile of learners of English has a significant correlation with their willingness to participate in L2 communication and that the link between MI and WTC is affected by gender.
The Relationship of Writing Apprehension Level and Self-Efficacy Beliefs on Writing Proficiency Level among Pre-University Students
Author: Singh, Termit Kaur Ranjit
Date: 2012-07-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Writing Apprehension,English (Second Language),Second Language Learning,Self Efficacy,Correlation,Writing Skills,Student Attitudes,Foreign Countries,Language of Instruction,Language Tests,Questionnaires,Secondary School Students,Writing Attitudes,Statistical Analysis

The purpose of this study was to determine the level of writing apprehension and how writing apprehension level and writing self-efficacy beliefs influences writing proficiency level among pre-university students. Participants were 320 pre-university students from a northern region college offering this programme. All the respondents were administered with three instruments measuring their writing apprehension levels and writing self-efficacy beliefs and their writing proficiency. The writing apprehension levels among these respondents were found to be average. Self-efficacy factors revealed an inverse relationship with writing apprehension level. The relationship between writing apprehension level and writing proficiency indicated that the higher the apprehension level the better the respondents performance. Students' views with regard to their writing apprehension level are also presented. These findings are supported in the literature and discussions. Based on the findings, the study presents some recommendations to overcome this problem.
Perception of Scientific Creativity and Self-Evaluation among Science Teacher Candidates
Author: Demir, Sibel
Date: 2015-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Preservice Teachers,Science Teachers,Knowledge Level,Creative Thinking,Self Evaluation (Individuals),Science Education,Definitions,Scientific Concepts,Coding,Scientific Literacy,Questionnaires,Qualitative Research

This study was performed with the participation of 20 teacher candidates from the science education department of a university in Turkey. During the study, the teacher candidates were asked two questions, one of which was open-ended, while the other was multiple choice. The validity of these questions developed for this study was evaluated by two expert researchers. The aim of this study was to determine how science teacher candidates defined scientific creativity, and how they assessed themselves in terms of scientific creativity. The study results indicated that the science teacher candidates considered themselves to be somewhat inadequate in terms of scientific creativity, and that they were unable to fully understand or interpret this concept.
Fostering Love of Art Heritage through 3E Gallery (Expose, Explore &amp; Excite) in Civic and Citizenship Education
Author: Hashim, Abdul Talib
Date: 2015-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Civics,Citizenship Education,Art Education,Heritage Education,Cultural Background,Multicultural Education,Intercultural Communication,Rural Schools,Interviews,Observation,Academic Achievement,Student Interests,Attitude Change,Teaching Methods,Active Learning,Action Research,Learning Modules,Cooperative Learning,Arts Centers,Focus Groups

The education development and changes that have taken place either within the country or globally has made Civic and Citizenship Education (CCE) in the school system becomes important. However, often times this subject has been taken lightly by students as well as teachers and deemed as not important because this is a nonexamination subject. This situation results in knowledge, skills and civic values not being able to be assimilated by students. Due to this factor, a study was conducted to review the effectiveness of the 3E Gallery (expose, explore, excite) in order to foster a sense of love for the diversity of cultural heritage through CCE. The study involves 24 students from Form 2 Aspiration (K8), a rural school in Pahang, Malaysia. The initial review and analysis was conducted through interviews, observations and analysis of students' achievement of school-based Assessment. It was found that they were not interested in this subject because they were not clear of the needs to learn the subject. To change the paradigm, an effort through the learning approach 3E Gallery was carried out. This method is designed to build an active learning method that helps students understand their roles and responsibilities as responsible members in various social groups. With this method, students was introduced the skills of translating information and have the opportunity to experience the exploration into each gallery which was built by them. The finding shows that this activity produced a sense of excitement for the students to express love for the national arts heritage. The achievement in this subject has also increased after this learning approach was being applied. This reflects that the action taken in the action research study is timely and effective.
Self Management Techniques and Disclosure of Sero Status
Author: Falaye, Ajibola
Date: 2015-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Self Management,Self Disclosure (Individuals),Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS),Statistical Analysis,Pretests Posttests,Experimental Groups,Control Groups,Quasiexperimental Design,Matrices,Questionnaires,Personality Measures,Rating Scales,Extraversion Introversion,Psychotherapy,Gender Differences

This study looked at using Self Management Technique (SMT) to promote self-disclosure of Sero status in Kwara State, Nigeria. A pre-test, post-test and control group quasi experimental design using a 2x2x2 factorial matrix was adopted. Sixty participants were sampled by balloting from two HIV/AIDS screening centres. Four instruments were used such as Demographic data of the participants, Multidimensional AIDS Anxiety Questionnaire (MAAQ), Self-disclosure Subscale (SDSC) and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ). The data were analyzed using ANCOVA and t-test at 0.05 level of significance. The results showed that SMT was effective in enhancing self-disclosure of HIV positive individuals and extroverted personality individuals benefited more in the psychotherapy than introverted persons while male participants benefited more than their female counterparts. Based on the results, it's then recommended that psychotherapists should be freely disposed to the use of this therapy to enhance social relationship/interaction between their clients/patients.
The Efficacies of Secretarial Profession by Ghana Education Service and Higher Education Institutions
Author: Adam, Abdul-Kahar
Date: 2015-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Office Occupations,Office Occupations Education,Higher Education,Educational Practices,Cultural Context,Self Concept,Misconceptions,Technological Advancement,Career Choice,Occupational Information,Responsibility,Role,Employment Potential,Public Sector,Government Employees,Admission Criteria,Questionnaires,Data Analysis,Legal Responsibility

This project is carried out by employing an empirical method through questionnaire design and administration and tapped the perceptions and knowledge of the target elements of this study. The research frame was about Ghana Education Service office workers within the Accra Metropolis including higher education institutions. A qualitative data analysis is presented more in the literature review to support in conclusions for the purpose of this project work. More importantly, the backbone of the research was based on both primary and secondary sources of data, which helped and revealed a lot of contentions within the secretarial practice. A total of 200 questionnaires was developed and distributed among 200 staffs of G.E.S. based on random sampling technique. This means that it is not the total number of GES in the Metropolis that was considered, it was only the total figure of 200 questionnaires that was considered and administered on the participants randomly. The participants for that matter the respondents included the management, Supervisors, Secretaries/Stenographers, University Administrators and some Teachers/Lecturers. The questionnaires were directly administered which gave results; hence, all the 200 questionnaires were answered and returned for presentation and analysis. This was an opinion seeking from the elements of the population and drawn clear conclusions from their answers after careful presentation and analysis. Ghana Education Service is one of the Government of Ghana public institutions established by an act of parliament to oversee the Educational systems in Ghana. Secretarial Practice is a professional practice and it has been misconstrued by many public or government administrators in terms of educational advancements and reforms in fulfilling the economic needs of a country. Among all educational programmes at the higher level of education, it is only secretarial practice that has not been considered in the Universities at most. Hence, no organization in Ghana has positions called company or corporate secretary which is meant to be professionally higher position for secretarial practitioners. The career path for people pursuing secretarial studies in Ghana has limited future success and growth since the programme designers at the Universities failed to design courses that will build secretaries skills and knowledge to occupy the executive positions in corporate businesses and government sector to help them professionally to derive the objectives forward for successful development and growth.
Strategies for Teaching Business Education Students in Nigerian Tertiary Institutions for Cooperate Governance
Author: Obiete, Innocent Anthony
Date: 2015-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Business Administration Education,College Graduates,Employment Potential,Governance,Educational Quality,Job Skills,Literature Reviews,Teaching Methods,Educational Strategies,Ethical Instruction,Teacher Education,Workplace Learning,Electronic Learning

In recent time, graduates from the nation's tertiary institution of learning most especially the business education graduates have been plagued by the inability to get jobs in corporate industries and companies in Nigeria. Many authors and researchers have related this problem to the quality of training received by these graduates while in school which is devoid of skills required to meet up with the demands of the business world. It is in seeking a solution to this problem that the authors delved through literature to determine effective strategies for teaching business education students for corporate governance. The strategies proffered included: the integration of business ethics courses in the business education curriculum, training and retraining of business educators for corporate governance, engaging students in work-based learning and the adoption of online learning in teaching of corporate governance. The authors believe that these strategies if judiciously adopted will to a great extent improve the quality of business education graduates and improve their chances of being employed in corporate organizations in Nigeria.
Uncovered Coping Strategies Adopted by Children Living in Homes with Marital Conflicts for Their Own Survival
Author: Lawuo, Ebenezer A.
Date: 2015-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Coping,Problems,Children,Marital Satisfaction,Conflict,Anxiety,Surveys,Interviews,Parents,Elementary School Teachers,Secondary School Teachers,Elementary School Students,Secondary School Students,Caseworkers,Social Work

Research indicates that marital conflict pertains to three particular dimensions of communication including affect, conflict behaviours and conflict management and these affect conflict choice of management strategies. This paper explored the problems and coping strategies of children from homes with marital conflicts in Tanga City, Tanzania. An exploratory technique with multiple research methods was used to facilitate the study. 100 social workers, couples, class teachers and/or school counselors informed the study. The study employed purposive, stratified, simple random and snowball sampling techniques with survey questionnaires and interview to recruit participants and data collection. Problems facing children living in homes with marital conflicts are discussed. The result suggest that newlywed couples and those contemplating marriage should obtain marital counselling in order to build strong family relations that can reduce family life tensions, attending family training which developing marital problem-solving skills. The theoretical and practical implications of the problems facing children living in homes with marital conflicts in Tanzania are discussed.
Students Perceptions on Factors That Affect Their Academic Performance: The Case of Great Zimbabwe University (GZU)
Author: Mapuranga, Barbra
Date: 2015-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Student Attitudes,Academic Achievement,Achievement Need,Performance Factors,Open Education,Distance Education,Social Sciences,College Seniors,Student Surveys,Qualitative Research,Academic Support Services,Student Personnel Services,Student Characteristics,Socioeconomic Influences,Financial Support,Graduation Rate,Foreign Countries

Some educators argue that entry standards are the most important determinants of successful completion of a university programme; others maintain that non-academic factors must also be considered. In this study we sought to investigate open and distance learning students' perceptions of the factors affecting academic performance and successful completion of programmes at Great Zimbabwe University (GZU). We sampled fifty final year students from the Faculty of Social Sciences to respond freely to the question: What factors have, according to you, the most important influence on your academic performance and completion of your programme at the university? These participants identified university support services; student personal characteristics; the socio-economic environment; and funding as the most important determinants of their performance and completion of the programme.
&quot;I'm New Here...&quot; Making Friends, Staying Strong and Having a Fantastic First Year as a School Librarian
Author: Stenzel, Carolyn
Date: 2015-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: School Libraries,Librarian Attitudes,Librarians,Social Networks,Social Support Groups,Coping,Friendship,Work Environment,Phenomenology

Carolyn Stenzel is the Library Department chair and Upper School librarian at the Holton-Arms School in Bethesda, Maryland. She is a member of AASL and is the Independent Schools Committee Chair for the Virginia Association of School Librarians. She was awarded the AASL Frances Henne Award in 2014. In this article she shares her experiences as a solo school librarian in a very rural area. As a member of several professional organizations such as VAASL (Virginia Association of School Librarians), AISL (Association of Independent School Librarians), and ALA/AASL she writes that she is grateful for the ways in which those associations, their e-mail discussion lists, and conferences have impacted her ability to stay current in the field and network with other school librarians in similar circumstances. She shares insight and tips on burn-out prevention, such as self-reflection, making time for family and friends, and taking fifteen minutes each month to think through what has been successful and what goals you want to continue to pursue. A list of first year Dos and Don'ts is also provided.
A 16th Suggestions for Educational Curriculum Improvement in Jordan, from the Experts Point of View
Author: Mahasneh, Omar
Date: 2015-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Curriculum Development,Educational Improvement,Expertise,Questionnaires,Statistical Analysis,Specialists,Human Resources,Educational Legislation,Federal Legislation,Educational Objectives,Textbooks

The present research was conducted to identify the most important suggestions for educational curriculum improvement in Jordan, from the expert's point of view. A descriptive survey through data and information collection tool (questionnaire) was used as an approach. The study sample consisted of (620) educational experts in the field of Curriculum and Instruction. SPSS was used to analyze replication and percent data. The results showed 16 suggestions to improving the curriculum in Jordan and most notably: (1) the involvement of specialists in a democratic way from the beginning and authoring of the curriculum (99%), (2) the continuous renewal of human resources on the building and the formation of the curriculum (98%), (3) the derivation of teaching and special outcomes for textbooks from educational outcomes involved in the Ministry of Education law (97%), (4) follow the participatory and decentralized administration approach in curriculum management strategies (96%), and (5) the authorship of textbooks based on the educational outcomes involved in the Ministry of Education Law (95%). Finally, it is recommended that the 16 suggestions of this study be considered when authoring new curriculum in Jordan.