ethanporcaro/eric-fulltext-meta huggingface dataset:
Peer Violence in Serbia from the Standpoint of Researchers: Implications for Further Research
Author: Ðurišic, Maša
Date: 2015-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Peer Relationship,Violence,Bullying,Educational Environment,Literature Reviews,Qualitative Research,Intervention,Prevention,Risk,Victims,Children,Adolescents,Elementary Secondary Education

The research of the problem of peer violence, i.e. bullying, has great theoretical and practical significance, because if it is frequently spoken about violence, the phenomenon can be prevented, thus avoiding serious consequences, threatening for child development. In the society where we live, violence is widespread. The increase of violence is manifested in schools, as well. This was the very reason made us focus on the study of this problem. Although it seems that bullying is a researched topic of a large body of domestic and foreign research, the issue is becoming more pressing. The aim of the present paper is to review research papers on peer violence, i.e. bullying, and to systematize knowledge in this field which would result in the creation of guidelines for practical work. In this review we used the services of Serbian Library Consortium for Coordinated Acquisition-KOBSON in order to browse and investigate research papers. The search included articles published in the period between 2000 and 2014. Investigation included a great number of papers but 60 of them were used for the present paper. A qualitative research was conducted in which content analysis was used as a procedure of investigation. Concerns about bullying have intensified demands to explain the problem and to take measures to resolve it. It is necessary that all schools implement various programs and projects whose objectives are teaching non-violent communication, reducing violence in schools as well as the activation of children and youth. As a consequence, peer violence can be decreased and prevented by suppressing what drives it and by changing the motives causing it.
Interpersonal Conflicts and Styles of Managing Conflicts among Students at Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia
Author: Bazezew, Arega
Date: 2017-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Conflict,Interpersonal Relationship,Peer Relationship,Peer Mediation,Mixed Methods Research,Multivariate Analysis,Predictor Variables,Ethnic Diversity,Religious Factors,Sexual Abuse,Antisocial Behavior,Crime,College Students,Student Experience,Questionnaires,Interviews,Student Attitudes,Gender Issues,Age Groups

Interpersonal conflict happens everywhere and at any time and is inherent in all societies. However, the methods of managing such conflict are quite different from one organisation to the other. The general objective of the study was to assess interpersonal conflicts and styles of managing conflicts among students at Bahir Dar University. Mixed-methods research composed of quantitative and qualitative approaches was implemented for the study. One-way Multivariate Analysis of Variance was employed to identify the interaction effect between dependent and independent variables. The study showed that the major sources of conflicts were ethnic differences, religious diversity, sexual abuse, theft and insulting. It was also noted that compromising, avoiding and collaborating were frequently used conflict management styles between students. It is recommended that university leaders and students be expected to understand the real causes of conflicts for healthier management styles.
Paving the Road to Success: Reflecting Critically on Year One of an Undergraduate Student Support Programme at a Large South African University
Author: de Klerk, Danie
Date: 2017-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Undergraduate Students,Success,Holistic Approach,Intervention,At Risk Students,Program Development,Scaffolding (Teaching Technique),College Freshmen,Integrated Activities,Developmentally Appropriate Practices,Socioeconomic Influences,Mental Health,Mentors,Academic Support Services,Barriers,Change Strategies,Achievement Gains,Foreign Countries

Student success, faculty and university throughput, and the need for adequate and appropriate student support remain prevalent issues in the South African and global higher education sectors. Subsequently, the Faculty of Commerce, Law, and Management at a large South African university applied for Teaching and Development Grant funding in order to address these areas of concern. The grant was awarded and initially intended to help students at risk by implementing appropriate interventions to prevent them from dropping out of university or being excluded. However, being labelled as &quot;at risk&quot; was not well received by students and so the grant holders designed a new programme, adopting a decidedly more holistic approach. As such, the Road to Success Programme was born. The first three months saw those involved conceptualise, plan, and develop strategies, material, and interventions that were implemented in January 2015. The vision was to scaffold and support first-year students, particularly those in danger of being academically excluded, through an integrated network of tutorials, workshops, online support, and a series of resources called Toolkits for Success, in an attempt to help students achieve their academic goals. Despite a number of challenges, ranging from funding shortfalls and food security to students' emotional wellbeing and resilience, 2015 proved invaluable in terms of refining strategies, gaining insight, and programme growth. Preliminary data shows an increased pass rate for students who engaged with the RSP, with higher pass rates linked to greater RSP attendance. Consequently, this article serves as a critical reflection of the RSP at the end of its inaugural year and will share data, highlight lessons learned and challenges faced, and discuss how the programme has been taken to scale in 2016.
NTC Learning System and Divergent Production
Author: Gojkov, Grozdanka
Date: 2015-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Critical Thinking,Thinking Skills,Creativity,Intelligence,Cognitive Development,Academically Gifted,Foreign Countries,Summer Programs,Neurology,Physiology,Teaching Methods,Intelligence Tests

A short presentation of the basic findings of an explorative research, in which the possibility of encouraging the development of critical thinking with the NTC learning system was explored, i.e. only the results of its influence on the development of one aspect--divergent production are presented. This paper is a modest addition to the research of an important question--the psychology of thinking in the teaching process, while the findings indicate the didactic reach of the NTC system. The research was conducted on a purposive sample (N = 23). The theoretical basis is Osborn's system of creative development, which is founded on the following psychological mechanisms: research and test other possibilities of applying the idea; adapt, modify, increase, decrease, condense, substitute, change the element order, reorder everything, combine two or more ideas (Kvascev, 1981), and Torance's (Torance, according to Kvascev, R., op.cit.) system of creative development which is theoretically based on: revealing the multiple meanings of the given facts and increase of the given information value; developing the strategies of creative learning through discovery; developing the motivational components of creativity; the synthesis of empirical research and theoretical generalization; the associative basis for discovery; finding the new on the basis of incomplete facts and insufficiently structured material; the individualization of creative learning according to the cognitive development of the examinee (Kvascev, op.cit). Research method is experiment with one group, while the initial and final questioning was conducted with divergent production tasks (Stojakovic, 2009). The basic findings refer to the following: the statistical relevancy of the development after the application of the NTC system which indicates the relevant positive influence of the NTC learning system on the development of thinking. This therefore confirms the starting belief--assumption about the possibility of transfer, in other words the possibility that tasks saturated with creative thinking, creative imagination, inventiveness and divergent production used in the NTC learning system influence the release from conformist thinking and give more successful effects in divergent production. The didactic implications of this refer to: the effects of the NTC program, the participants in this explorative research confirm the practical aspect of theoretical ideas which reached us as a consequence of the cognitive revolution and creativity research (Ozborn, Torans, Kvascev...). These ideas were expressed practically in the content of programs, with which we can successfully develop the influence of early presentation on the development of divergent thinking, universal material representations.
Experience of International Education of East Asian Students in English-Speaking Countries: A Four-Dimensional Approach
Author: Martinez, Maria L.
Date: 2017-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: International Education,Student Experience,English (Second Language),Asians,Foreign Students,Acculturation,Literature Reviews,Performance Factors,Ecological Factors,Educational Practices,Language Proficiency,Student Mobility,Socioeconomic Influences,Institutional Characteristics,Cultural Influences,College Students,English Language Learners,Foreign Countries

Global participation in international education in the last two decades has increased exponentially. International students face difficulties in adjusting to the culture of their host country due to their unique needs (Bertram, Poulakis, Elsasser &amp; Kumar, 2014). This article presents themes comprising the international education phenomenon involving the experiences of East Asian international students in English-speaking countries. The literature reviewed for this article pertains to many aspects of international education, covering the factors that influence the decision to embark on the international education journey to the adjustment experienced by students to the host culture. The authors suggest that the international education experience is comprised of four dimensions: structural, linguistic, internal, and external. We also posit that Confucianism, which many East Asian students follow, influences not only the psycho-social dimension of the international education experience but also their instructional preferences within the structural dimension. We further contend that students' actual and perceived proficiency (or the lack thereof) in the host country's language greatly shapes all aspects of the student's international education experience, which then determines the degree of acculturative stress involved and plays a key role in each of the three dimensions. Because of the anticipated continued growth in the number of international students from East Asia attending higher education institutions in English-speaking countries such as the United States, Australia, Canada, and parts of Africa, it is important to examine how each of the dimensions proposed impact each other. Approaching the study of the international education experience one dimension at a time, as many scholars have done, does not completely address all of the unique needs of international students. We suggest that research in this area be conducted holistically by exploring the ecology surrounding the international student. Taking this ecological approach will help clearly define the role that home and host countries and host higher education institutions must take in serving the international students well.
Religious and Secular Jewish Educational Institutions in Arad
Author: Cutaru, Caius
Date: 2015-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Religious Education,Jews,Judaism,Semitic Languages,Elementary School Students,High School Students,Religious Factors,Foreign Countries

In Judaism, the study is a religious duty, because the pious Jew's life is governed by the requirements of the Torah. Therefore, Judaism is a religion of the book, of the study of the Scriptures. This explains the organization of a Hebrew educational system at all levels, in all times and in all the places inhabited by Jews, as one of the major concerns of any community, illiteracy being almost unknown. The same happened in the Jewish community in Arad, one of the representative communities of Transylvania where, in time, there were various Jewish educational institutions, both religious and secular: elementary school, high school, Torah Talmud or yeshiva. A bibliography is included.
The Experience of a Randomized Clinical Trial of Closed-Circuit Television versus Eccentric Viewing Training for People with Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Author: Leat, Susan J.
Date: 2017-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Randomized Controlled Trials,Television Viewing,Intervention,Reading Improvement,Visual Impairments,Outcomes of Treatment,Vision Tests,Reading Tests,Reading Rate,Accuracy,Merchandise Information,Depression (Psychology),Measures (Individuals),Questionnaires,Assistive Technology,Foreign Countries,Comparative Analysis,Visual Acuity,Training

Introduction: In addition to optical devices, closed-circuit televisions (CCTVs) and eccentric viewing training are both recognized interventions to improve reading performance in individuals with vision loss secondary to age-related macular degeneration. Both are relatively expensive, however, either in the cost of the device or in the amount of time personnel need to provide training. In this randomized trial, we compared the effectiveness of these two interventions. Methods: Participants with age-related macular degeneration and visual acuity between 6/48 (20/160) and 6/120 (20/400) first received basic low vision care, including optical devices. At the subsequent baseline visit, they undertook a battery of measures including logMAR visual acuity; reading speed and accuracy for text in 1.3M and 1M fonts; reading information on medicine bottles, utility bills, and food packages; the NEI-VFQ; the Geriatric Depression Scale; and a reading inventory questionnaire. They were then randomized to either obtaining a CCTV for home use or eccentric viewing training over the following six weeks. Results: Recruitment was more difficult than expected for this population. Of 145 patients referred, 29 met the inclusion-exclusion criteria, 14 were willing to enroll, and 10 completed the trial. For the primary outcome (reading speed for 1.3M print), there was a significant improvement between baseline and outcome for the CCTV group (p 0.005), but not for the eccentric viewing training group (p 0.28), and the CCTV group showed significantly greater change (p 0.04). There was a nonsignificant improvement in reading speed for 1M text and a decrease in the amount of time taken to read utility bill information in the CCTV group. There was a significant improvement in near visual acuity with current glasses with eccentric viewing training. The other measures did not reach statistical significance. Discussion: Randomized clinical trials for low vision rehabilitation, particularly in the elderly population with vision loss, are challenging, but such trials are important for the allocation of resources. This trial showed early indications of more impact on reading performance from CCTV than eccentric viewing training.
A Survey on the Use of Mobile Applications for People Who Are Visually Impaired
Author: Griffin-Shirley, Nora
Date: 2017-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Visual Impairments,Statistical Analysis,Telecommunications,Blindness,Online Surveys,Handheld Devices,Adults,Computer Oriented Programs,Age Differences,Young Adults,Older Adults,Attitudes

Introduction: The literature indicates that few studies have been conducted with persons with visual impairments (that is, those who are blind or have low vision) concerning mobile application or &quot;app&quot; usage. The current study explores the use of mobile apps with this population globally. Methods: A total of 259 participants with visual impairments completed an online survey. Descriptive statistics and bivariate tests were used to examine associations between demographic characteristics and mobile app use. Results: The participants rated special apps as useful (95.4%) and accessible (91.1%) tools for individuals with visual impairments. More than 90% of the middle-aged adult group strongly agreed with the practicality of special apps, a significantly higher percentage than was observed in the young and old adult groups. In addition, the participants with low vision considered special apps less accessible than did those with blindness (p .05). Discussion: Results show that persons with visual impairments frequently use apps specifically designed for them to accomplish daily activities. Furthermore, this population is satisfied with mobile apps and would like to see improvements and new apps. Implications for practitioners: Developers of apps for individuals with visual impairments need to refine and test the existing apps. Practitioners need to be knowledgeable about app usage so they can provide effective instruction to their students or clients. This study provides preliminary information regarding app usage among persons with visual impairments.
The Value of Nonmeasurable Goals in Vision Rehabilitation: Two Case Studies from the Virginia Department for the Blind and Vision Impaired
Author: Baldwin, Gregg
Date: 2017-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Blindness,Visual Impairments,Goal Orientation,Rehabilitation,Neurological Impairments,Assistive Technology,Vision

Since much of what constitutes successful vision rehabilitation is measurable, specific quantifiable goals are key to ensuring a commitment that is shared by the patient. There are many nonmeasurable goals, however, that are also important, and these areas had not been addressed in a system based on metrics. The consideration of how the patient's social support and environment may affect vision rehabilitation is one example. The patient's adjustment to vision loss and its potential affect on vision rehabilitation is another example. Since the author is an optometrist, he will limit his discussion in this report of important nonmeasurable goals to the low vision exam. By presenting two stroke-related vision rehabilitation cases managed by the Virginia Department for the Blind and Vision Impaired (DBVI), he hopes to provide some insight into the value the department places on such non measurable goals.
Who Should Be Served? A Dilemma in the Field of Blindness and Visual Impairment
Author: Pogrund, Rona L.
Date: 2017-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Blindness,Visual Impairments,Services,Children,Adults

As much as the field of visual impairment has advanced over the last half century and as growing populations of children and adults continue to be served by its practitioners, the issue of personnel shortages to meet the diverse needs of students and consumers seems to continue. More vision professionals are being trained than ever, but it seems that there is still a challenge in meeting the needs of all the individuals who are eligible for services. This article provides a discussion of the question that often arises as to whether &quot;blindness services&quot; should be expanded to populations of children and adults who have traditionally not been served.
Comparing between Computer Based Tests and Paper-and-Pencil Based Tests
Author: Ghaderi, Marzieh
Date: 2014-10-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Testing,Testing Programs,Intermode Differences,Computer Assisted Testing,Printed Materials,Test Format,Test Anxiety,Student Motivation,Academic Achievement,Comparative Analysis,Delivery Systems

Testing subject has many subsets and connections. One important issue is how to assess or measure students or learners. What would be our tools, what would be our style, what would be our goal and so on. So in this paper the author attended to the style of testing in school and other educational settings. Since the purposes of educational system have been changed, there have been some inevitable changes in testing style. Therefore, in recent years, computer-based testing (CBT) has grown in popularity and will likely become the primary mode for delivering tests in the future. So different aspects of computer-based tests and paper-and-pencil based tests like motivation, anxiety and students' performance with different styles will be reviewed in this paper.
Is Portfolio Assessment Effective in Improving Iranian EFL Students' Writing?
Author: Sepasdar, Mansoreh
Date: 2014-10-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: English (Second Language),Second Language Instruction,Second Language Learning,College Students,Feedback (Response),Portfolios (Background Materials),Writing Instruction,Foreign Countries,Student Attitudes,Writing Ability,Experimental Groups,Control Groups,Essays,Writing Evaluation,Teacher Student Relationship,Language Teachers,Pretests Posttests,Statistical Analysis,Comparative Analysis

The current study explored the effect of portfolio assessment on the improvement of the Iranian students' writing. Additionally, students' attitudes towards using portfolio were investigated. Participants of the study were 46 pre-intermediate Iranian male and female university students who were chosen from a larger group of 70 students. They were divided randomly into experimental and control groups with equal number of students of 23 in each group. All the students in experimental group wrote five essays based on the topics in their course book. To evaluate the students' writings, word choice, ideas, sentence fluency, voice, and organization were checked by two experienced raters. In contrast, the students in control group wrote five essays and they didn't receive any feedback from their teacher and also they didn't have any opportunity to revise their writing papers. The findings of the study revealed that portfolio assessment had a positive effect on the overall writing ability among the Iranian university students.
Literature Review of the Classifications of &quot;Needs&quot; in Needs Analysis Theory
Author: Juan, L. I.
Date: 2014-07-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Classification,Literature Reviews,Needs,Needs Assessment,Educational Needs,Student Needs,Educational Theories,Languages for Special Purposes

Needs analysis makes it possible that the language course can cater to the needs of learners from different countries, different language levels and different targets. A well-established needs analysis may provide references for the policy making, curriculum design of foreign language teaching. This paper reviews the point of view of some researchers and tries to tease out the &quot;needs&quot; and its classifications in needs analysis theory with an aim to giving some implications to the study in the relevant field of study.
How Human Life Is Rare: &quot;The Color Purple&quot;
Author: Brown, Angela
Date: 2014-07-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: African American Culture,Heritage Education,Feminism,Racial Discrimination,Beliefs,Coping,United States Literature

&quot;The Color Purple&quot; is a work in art. Its dramatic overtone recognizes the essence of African American culture. &quot;The Color Purple&quot; brings to light the cultural heritage of black origin. Its work translates the poetic story of how black women embrace the thrust of the social conditions of our heritage. The spiritual conviction undermines loss and finding ones identity. It is a story of human error of resentment in determining self-being a utopia for happiness and human survival.