ethanporcaro/eric-fulltext-meta huggingface dataset:
Personality Variables as Predictors of Leadership Role Performance Effectiveness of Administrators of Public Secondary Schools in Cross River State, Nigeria
Author: Akpan, Charles P.
Date: 2012-08-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Personality Traits,Predictor Variables,Leadership Effectiveness,Administrator Effectiveness,Leadership Role,Public Schools,Secondary Schools,Self Concept,Self Efficacy,Self Esteem,Locus of Control,Surveys,Multiple Regression Analysis,Instructional Leadership

The study sought to find out the predictive effect of self-concept, self-efficacy, self-esteem and locus of control on the instructional and motivational leadership roles performance effectiveness of administrators of public secondary schools in Cross River State of Nigeria. The relative contribution of each of the independent variables to the prediction was also investigated. The survey design was adopted for the study. The study sample consisted of 400 school administrators. Two hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. Two sets of instruments namely, Personality Factor Questionnaire (PFQ) and Administrator Leadership Roles Performance Questionnaire (ALRPQ) with reliability indices of 0.75 and 0.72 respectively, were used for data collection. The data collected were analyzed using stepwise multiple regression analysis. The results of the study revealed that self-efficacy, locus of control and self-concept contributed significantly to the prediction of administrators' effectiveness in instructional leadership role performance while self-esteem did not. Also, self-concept, self-efficacy, and self-esteem relatively made significant contributions to the prediction of administrators' effectiveness in motivational leadership role performance while locus of control did not. Based on these findings, it was recommended among other things that personality test should be used as a tool for appointment of school administrators.
Emerging Technologies in Distance Education: New Paradigms of Pedagogy in 21st Century
Author: Hussain, Irshad
Date: 2007-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Distance Education,Technological Advancement,Information Technology,Educational Technology,Technology Uses in Education,Multimedia Materials,Computer Simulation,Computer Graphics,Computer Uses in Education,Computer Assisted Instruction,Internet,Web Based Instruction,Educational Television,Telecommunications,Electronic Learning,Educational Practices,Teaching Methods,Influence of Technology

New developments in technology, irrespective of the fields. These have a potential role to play in the field of education and training, especially distance education, to transform it into an interactive paradigm. These can provide education beyond the boundaries of a nation and/or state making it accessible to learners at their own pace. These are instructional means used for effective, productive and interactive teaching learning process. At present, effective and efficient teaching learning process is potentially possible at any time, any place and in any discipline. It occurs in changed environment with a shift from teacher centered teaching to student centered learning. The greater emphasis is on students' activity rather on teachers'. Teachers are required to play new role in new settings. Accumulated knowledge and experience occupies central place, to which students have direct access. Students learn not only by the teacher but also with the teacher by interacting with one another, teachers and institution through emerging technologies. In this article effort has been made to point out the impact and potential role of emerging technologies in distance education.
A Study of Strengths and Weaknesses of Descriptive Assessment from Principals, Teachers and Experts Points of View in Chaharmahal and Bakhteyari Primary Schools
Author: Sharief, Mostafa
Date: 2012-08-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Educational Assessment,Performance Based Assessment,Program Evaluation,Evaluation Methods,Foreign Countries,Teacher Attitudes,Administrator Attitudes,Principals,Expertise,Educational Benefits,Barriers,Age Differences,Gender Differences,Employment Experience,Academic Rank (Professional),Educational Attainment,Scores,Statistical Analysis,Multivariate Analysis,Questionnaires

The aim of current study is to determine the strengths and weaknesses of descriptive evaluation from the viewpoint of principals, teachers and experts of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province. A descriptive survey was performed. Statistical population includes 208 principals, 303 teachers, and 100 executive experts of descriptive evaluation scheme in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province from 2011 to 2012. Sample size was estimated 175 respondents and a random-category sampling plan was employed to collect the estimated sample that contains 100 teachers, 50 principals and 25 experts. To identify the validity of instrument, opinions of twelve persons including advisor professor, consulting professor, designer of the descriptive evaluation scheme, four of educational planning department professors and five of experts holding Master and Ph.D. degrees that are executives of the scheme in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari were utilized. To determine the consistency of the instrument, Chronbach's alpha was used (a = 0.90). We used SPSS software to analyze data. To answer the research questions, paired sample t-test, ANOVA analysis, and least significant difference (LSD) test were used. Results revealed that the executives of descriptive evaluation scheme in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province evaluate the so-called scheme above average regarding to four scales (strength and weakness).
Professional Competence and Basic Ability-Oriented Game Theory Analysis of China's Higher Vocational College English Teaching
Author: Zhang, Jian
Date: 2012-08-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,English (Second Language),College Second Language Programs,Vocational Education,Higher Education,Second Language Instruction,Game Theory,Competence,Vocational English (Second Language)

To strengthen the professional competence and basic ability is the objective requirements of the Chinese higher vocational college English teaching, while the positioning of the teaching objectives is partial to a &quot;prisoner's dilemma&quot; in game situations that any party will result in. To get rid of the &quot;dilemma&quot;, we have to adopt strategies to coordinate them by cultivating students' ability to transform their English knowledge to English applying, select or prepare a variety of professional-oriented materials, increase ESP elective courses and application assessment projects of English test.
Distribution of Hesitation Discourse Markers Used by Iranian EFL Learners during an Oral L2 Test
Author: Khojastehrad, Shadi
Date: 2012-08-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: English (Second Language),Oral Language,Language Tests,Discourse Analysis,Native Speakers,Second Language Instruction,College Second Language Programs,Foreign Countries,Advanced Students,Communication Strategies,Pragmatics,Comparative Analysis,College Students

Previous studies on hesitation strategies used by beginner or advanced L2 learners revealed that beginners mostly leave their hesitation pauses unfilled which causes their speech to sound disfluent, and advanced learners tend to use various fillers in order to sound like native speakers. The present paper reports on a study which investigated the distribution of hesitation discourse markers including silent pauses, silent pauses and fillers, fillers, and non-lexical words used by Iranian university students in an oral (L2) test. The study examines the location of the discourse markers of hesitation across utterances produced by the participants. The respondents were a group of students registered in the Tertiary English Language Program at a university in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The aim was to identify the frequency of all hesitation strategies used in four locations of Initial, Middle, and Final position of the utterances to find out the most frequent location of hesitation during an oral (L2) test.
Emerging Technologies: An Overview of Practices in Distance Education
Author: Hussain, Irshad
Date: 2007-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Distance Education,Educational Practices,Technology Uses in Education,Technology Integration,Educational Technology,Technological Advancement,Influence of Technology,Case Studies,Open Universities,Information Networks,Online Systems,Computer Mediated Communication,Telecommunications,Educational Television,Virtual Universities,Foreign Countries,Educational Development

In contemporary society, information technologies and communication technologies (ICTs) are playing crucial role in dissemination of knowledge and information the world over. Universities/ higher education institutions, particularly distance education universities in developed countries are making best use of these technologies for effective and interactive teaching learning process. Developing countries are also trying to adopt the model of developed countries according to their resources and circumstances. Distance education universities in developed countries like United States of America and United Kingdom are using advanced (emerging) technologies such as computers, Internet (World Wide Web) satellite communication, teleconferencing (videoconferencing and audio conferencing) and virtual reality in education and training. In developing countries like India, Pakistan and Thailand, distance education universities are using Radio, Television and Internet for teaching learning purpose and students support services. They are using computers mostly for office work. They are trying to adopt advanced technologies like developed countries but they have some limitations of resources (human &amp; material resources). In future it is hoped that developing countries will also be using emerging technologies for teaching learning purpose.
Predicting English Word Accent on Morphological Grounds
Author: Salmani Nodoushan, Mohammad Ali
Date: 2007-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: English (Second Language),Suprasegmentals,Pronunciation,Pronunciation Instruction,Morphology (Languages),Orthographic Symbols,Spelling,Phonetics

Learners of English as a foreign/Second Language (EFL/ESL) can easily learn the correct pronunciation of English words, some linguists have tried to simplify English phonology in general, and English accent in particular, over the past 50 years or so; some scholars have talked about four degrees of primary, secondary, tertiary and weak stress (e.g., Bowen, 1975); some have considered only three degrees of stress: primary, secondary and weak (e.g., Stageberg, 1964) and some have concentrated on two levels of stress: accented vs. unaccented, or stressed vs. unstressed (e.g., Chomsky and Halle, 1968). No one of these scholars, however, has adopted an orthography-based approach to their discussion of English accent. Since orthography or spelling is the most fixed and static way of representing words in English, like in almost any other language, spelling- or orthography-based rules of accent/stress placement can relieve almost any ESL/EFL learner. In this paper, four easy-to-understand spelling-based rules for stress placement are presented which can help EFL/ESL learners to master correct pronunciation of English words.
Teachers' Perception on Sustainability of Distance Education in Ghana: Evidence from Ashanti Region
Author: Osei-Owusu, Benedict
Date: 2012-08-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Teacher Attitudes,Sustainability,Distance Education,Educational Finance,Fees,Paying for College,Postsecondary Education,Questionnaires,Interviews

The study examined the sustainability of distance education in the context of finance, management and availability of support services in Ashanti region of Ghana. Data for the study were obtained from five groups of respondents namely; centre coordinators, educational administrators, facilitators of distance education programme, potential and current students pursuing distance education. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics. The results revealed that current management and support services are adequate and sustainable. In the case of finance management, it is believed that financial resources generated by the programme through students' fees would sustain the programme. However, potential, and current students pursuing distance education viewed the private cost involved as high. Hence for sustainability of the programme, it is important that school fees charged are reviewed in order not to negatively influence students' access to distance education.
Integrating EAP with EOP: An Eclectic Approach toward the Instruction of Iranian Engineering Undergraduates
Author: Haghighi, Somayeh Biparva
Date: 2012-08-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,English for Academic Purposes,Course Descriptions,Second Language Learning,Second Language Instruction,Undergraduate Students,Engineering Education,Vocabulary Development,Task Analysis,Student Needs,Teaching Methods,Pretests Posttests,Cognitive Style,Content Area Reading,Content Area Writing,Needs Assessment,Questionnaires

It is commonly observed that training in English for Academic Purposes (EAP) cannot successfully guarantee skills in English for Occupational Purposes (EOP). This study proposes an EOP-oriented course in an academic setting. It is designed to equip undergraduate students of engineering with general skills for EOP practices to meet students' future needs after graduation. EOP skills mainly include report reading/writing and development of technical vocabulary knowledge. A main feature of this EOP-oriented course is that it does not rely on any one single approach to syllabus design, but takes an eclectic approach by drawing on elements from a task based syllabus, a text-based syllabus, and a content-based syllabus for the design of the program.
Teachers' Nonverbal Behavior and Its Impact on Student Achievement
Author: Chaudhry, Noureen Asghar
Date: 2012-08-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Teacher Behavior,Nonverbal Communication,Academic Achievement,Teacher Influence,Foreign Countries,Science Teachers,Observation,Rating Scales,Interaction,Statistical Analysis,Statistical Inference,Verbal Communication,Hypothesis Testing,Public Schools,Private Schools,Scores,Secondary School Teachers,Gender Differences,Institutional Characteristics,Correlation

The observational study was conducted to see the impact of teachers' nonverbal behavior on academic achievement of learners. This also investigated the relationship of nonverbal communication of teachers working in different educational institutions. Main objectives of study were to measure nonverbal behavior of teachers' both male and female working in English medium Federal Government Cantt Garrison schools, Army Public schools and Private schools and to find out the relationship between teachers' nonverbal behavior and academic achievement of students. 90 science teachers were randomly chosen through cluster sampling technique. An observation form with seven-point rating scale (semantic differential) based on Galloways' categories of nonverbal communication was developed. The rating scale complemented verbal dimension of Flanders' interaction categories through nonverbal dimension. Design of research was descriptive cum observational. The statistical techniques of frequency distribution, mean, standard deviation, and ANNOVA and t-test were used for analysis. The results were generalized to the population by means of appropriate inferential statistics. It was found that the nonverbal behavior of the teachers was found to be consistent with their verbal behavior.
Problems of University Education in Lithuania: Student Point of View
Author: Lamanauskas, Vincentas
Date: 2012-08-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Higher Education,Problems,Student Attitudes,College Students,Gender Differences,Statistical Analysis,Questionnaires,Factor Analysis,Educational Quality,Student Interests,College Choice

The problems of university education though retain a complex character still become more and more pressing issues for a number of reasons. Labour market dynamics and a changing society require flexible, innovative and creative possibilities of lifelong learning. Higher education institutions are not limited to primary professional training of students. Therefore, it is necessary to search for the new possibilities of improving the skills of specialists and professionals changing personal specializations, developing individual abilities and acquiring high level professional competences. Continuing education at universities plays a fundamental role in choosing strategy priorities identified in the field of European education. Thus, it is necessary to strive for the highest standards of scientific activities, studies and obtained results acknowledged by the international community. On the other hand, a competition between universities becomes more intense at both the national and international level. Insufficient focus on a consumer (student) and offered services decreases the quality of studies and acquired education. Solutions made to any problem require relevant and accurate information. Research on the students' opinions about the questions of university education has remained a serious matter. Moreover, this is how fairly objective primary information about the processes taking place in this sector can be obtained. Empiric research (N = 544) carried out in January-February 2012 showed controversial student positions on university education. The students' opinions may vary depending on the sex and the year of studies. It has been discovered that female rather than male students more positively evaluate the majority of aspects of university education.
Teaching Adaptability of Object-Oriented Programming Language Curriculum
Author: Zhu, Xiao-dong
Date: 2012-08-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Computer Science Education,Programming Languages,Programming,Computer Software,Teaching Methods,Educational Strategies,Scoring

The evolution of object-oriented programming languages includes update of their own versions, update of development environments, and reform of new languages upon old languages. In this paper, the evolution analysis of object-oriented programming languages is presented in term of the characters and development. The notion of adaptive teaching upon object-oriented programming language curriculum is proposed. Many principles and strategies of adaptive teaching are expatiated in detail. An online scoring platform for learning object-oriented programming languages is also introduced finally.
Reconceptualizing Teacher Education Programs: Applying Dewey's Theories to Service-Learning with Early Childhood Preservice Teachers
Author: Lake, Vickie E.
Date: 2015-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Educational Change,Teacher Education Programs,Educational Philosophy,Service Learning,Preservice Teachers,Self Actualization,Social Development,Moral Development,Student Attitudes,Mixed Methods Research,Preschool Teachers,Early Childhood Education,Program Descriptions,Questionnaires,Animals,Environment,Pollution,Recycling,Pedagogical Content Knowledge

Dewey's concept of enabling children to explore based on their own interests has evolved into investigations and projects using methods of exploration, experimentation, and discovery--three tenets of service-learning. Using mixed methodology, the authors examined the implementation of service-learning in a teacher education program. A total of 155 preservice teachers participated in this study over a 5-year period. Results indicated that preservice teachers believed that their service-learning experiences provided a valuable contribution to the development of pedagogical skills, as well as fostering self-actualization and social-moral development. They also rated the importance of service-learning highly in pedagogical, self-actualization, and social-moral development.
A Grateful Recollecting: A Qualitative Study of the Long-Term Impact of Service-Learning on Graduates
Author: Fullerton, Ann
Date: 2015-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Qualitative Research,Service Learning,Learning Processes,Transformative Learning,Recall (Psychology),College Graduates,Outcomes of Education,Learning Experience,Interviews,Communication Skills,Self Esteem,Leadership,Individual Development,Maturity (Individuals)

Service-learning practitioners design community engagement activities to affect students in powerful and even transformative ways. This qualitative study explores the long-term impacts (3-16 years after graduation) of participation in a senior-level service-learning course. Through interviews with 20 randomly selected participants, the researchers explored whether and in what ways graduates continued to experience impacts from the course, including those that have become interwoven with other life experiences or have catalyzed altered perspectives and/or actions. Graduates were first asked to identify their most significant learning experiences in college in order to gauge the relative importance, if any, of the service-learning course in their college education. Then graduates were asked to recall their experiences in the course and to share what impacts those experiences had at the time and in the intervening years. Findings are discussed through the lens of transformational learning processes and outcomes.
Land-Grant Extension: Defining Public Good and Identifying Pitfalls in Evaluation
Author: Collins, Christopher S.
Date: 2015-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Higher Education,School Community Relationship,Qualitative Research,Extension Education,Agricultural Education,Outreach Programs,Land Grant Universities,Food,Interviews,College Role,College Faculty,Extension Agents,Observation,Thematic Approach,Coding

Land-grant extension is an ongoing example of higher education outreach and community engagement. Population, food, climate, and geographic isolation all factor into the importance of producing and facilitating agricultural knowledge. This qualitative study took place in a geographically isolated region with potential food security issues to highlight the function and role of agricultural extension as a provider of public good. A key component of the study includes the limitation of evaluation methods in documenting extension as a public good.
Evaluation of Student Outcomes after Participating in a Medicare Outreach Program
Author: Hollingsworth, Joshua C.
Date: 2015-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Outreach Programs,Service Learning,Outcomes of Education,Health Insurance,Public Policy,Pharmaceutical Education,Student Attitudes,Knowledge Level,Learning Experience,Volunteers,Comparative Analysis,Student Participation,Statistical Analysis,Mixed Methods Research,Program Evaluation

This article describes the development of a service-learning project and analysis of student pharmacists' participation therein. Using a mixed-methods approach, this study analyzed student pharmacists' knowledge and attitudes after volunteering in the inaugural Medicare Outreach Program, a collaboration between the School of Pharmacy and State Health Insurance Assistance Program (SHIP) in which certified student pharmacists assisted Medicare beneficiaries with Part D plan evaluation and selection. Although results did not show a statistically significant difference in knowledge gained by students who volunteered (n = 71) compared to those who did not (n = 72; p = 0.57), thematic analysis of volunteering students' reflections did reveal that they found their volunteering efforts to be meaningful learning experiences. Six major themes were identified overall showing that the program, which was designed to benefit SHIP and the community, also had a positive impact on students' attitudes. Accordingly, the program's sustainability plan is also discussed.