ethanporcaro/eric-fulltext-meta huggingface dataset:
Does the Combination of Professional Leadership and Learning Management Systems Signal the End of Democratic Schooling?
Author: Laursen, Ronni
Date: 2020-06-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Educational Policy,Democracy,Integrated Learning Systems,Principals,Professionalism,Professional Recognition,Role of Education,Elementary Secondary Education,Social Capital

Education of democratic citizens is a fundamental aspect of Danish primary and secondary schooling. However, policymakers push school principals' agency towards professional leadership by encouraging specific methods for assessing student learning outcomes. Enactment of a learning management system (LMS) supports the transition towards professional leadership and leads to self-regulation by all actors within schools. While supporting the professional agency of school principals, this transformation is at the expense of core elements of democratic practice. This article argues that schooling's democratic purpose tends to be forgotten in the shift towards the professionalization of principals' agency. In this process, an LMS is a powerful tool because principals can keep track of what teachers are doing digitally at all times. The concept of professional agency is used in this article to denote how the actions of school principals become distanced from the educational practice within the schools. The article is based on a qualitative study at four schools, comprising 31 semi-structured interviews with principals, teachers, and civil servants. Bourdieu's thinking tools--field, habitus, and capital--will be used along with the concept of governmentality to explore principals' professional agency and self-regulation and to conduct a thorough analysis of practice.
The Use of Information and Communication Technology in Academic Research: Is It Possible to Realize Academic Integrity?
Author: Rabahi, Hanane
Date: 2019-12-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Information Technology,Integrity,Second Language Learning,Second Language Instruction,English (Second Language),Universities,Cheating,Ethics,Cultural Differences,Teacher Attitudes,Plagiarism,College Students,Foreign Countries,Student Attitudes,Language Teachers

Realizing academic integrity in the digital age becomes a nightmare for universities and educational institutions in the entire globe. After the spread of Information and Communication Technology, dishonesty has replaced ethical considerations in research. The focal reasons behind this increasing dilemma are the researchers' attitudes and their different cultural perspectives. The spread of Information and Communication Technology provides avenues for academic dishonesty since detecting software products do not offer a real solution. As such, the incentive of this study is to scrutinize how Information and Communication Technology can help in attaining academic integrity. It also intends to see what is behind the backdrop of the academic misconduct, i.e., the motives that lead researchers to switch to e-dishonesty. The present survey seeks to bring the issue of Information and Communication Technology and academic integrity into the light to ensure honesty among the Algerian researchers. The researcher collected data through a questionnaire addressed to four Masterclasses in English studies at Mascara and Saida Universities supported by an interview with teachers. The findings revealed that most students used technology in cheating and plagiarism. The findings also revealed that universities and institutions can achieve integrity if the learners are aware of the positive side of Information and Communication Technology in academic research.
How School Leaders Can Gain Role Clarity and Grow Their Leadership Identity?
Author: Aas, Marit
Date: 2020-06-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: School Administration,Principals,Leadership Role,Leadership Training,Role Perception,Professional Identity,Professional Development,Coaching (Performance),Group Activities,Expectation,Meetings,Communication Skills,Resistance to Change,Needs Assessment,Elementary Secondary Education,Public Schools,Foreign Countries

Over the past decades, principals have experienced an increased pressure emanating from the responsibility for managing change and building organisations, whilst striving to improve students' learning outcomes (Abrahamsen, Aas, &amp; Hellekjaer, 2015; Hargreaves &amp; Fink, 2006). Leadership learning programmes appear to emphasise the requirements of the job rather than leaders' individual capabilities, moral purpose and the need to take an active role in learning (McKinsey &amp; Company, 2010). In the design of programmes, there seems to be a challenge in finding the balance between system and reform needs and school and individual needs. Despite these challenges, there is consensus in the literature that principals and school leaders need to comprehend the macro-contextual and micro-contextual influences on their work, as well as to develop knowledge and skills to understand their schools and leadership roles (Aas &amp; Paulsen, 2019; Fullan, 2011). A fundamental but often forgotten perspective in leadership learning programmes is how to facilitate learning processes and help school leaders to gain role clarity and grow leadership identity. In this paper, we examine and discuss the way that newly appointed school leaders in Norway participating in a leadership learning programme can gain role clarity through investigation into role expectations and group coaching. We provide findings that shed light on aspects of how school leaders develop role clarity through taking an active role in learning within their workplaces and together with the school leaders participating in the leadership learning programme.
Towards a Multi-Source Performance Appraisal Model in Omani Higher Education Institutions
Author: Alhassan, Awad
Date: 2019-12-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Higher Education,Faculty Evaluation,Personnel Evaluation,Models,Language Teachers,College Faculty,Second Language Learning,Second Language Instruction,English (Second Language),Private Colleges,Foreign Countries,Teacher Attitudes,Audio Equipment,Student Role,Peer Evaluation,Evaluation Criteria

Higher education institutions (HEIs), across the globe, have been increasingly applying staff performance appraisals (PA) to ensure good quality educational outcomes, and to meet the requirements of national and international quality assurance and academic accreditation organizations. Staff at the forefront of PA since they are affected either positively or negatively by the outcome of the process. PA models and the way the process is conducted have long been a controversial issue among both academics and administrators in HEIs. The core of the debate is that PA models and their implementations may not always be sufficiently comprehensive, transparent, and fair enough to accurately and realistically reflect staff performance. Focusing on English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers in an Omani private university, the present study is aimed to investigate EFL teachers' views and perceptions about PA and the implementation practices with a view of providing some recommendations that could help improve the process. Most previous relevant studies in the literature seem to have addressed PA from a theoretical perspective, and there seems to be a lack of empirical studies. In contrast, the present study attempted to explore the issue more empirically, and to this end, the study adopted an exploratory qualitative research methodology with semi-structured interviews being the main method of data collection. Ten EFL teachers took part in the investigation through face-to-face tape-recorded interviews. Results indicated dissatisfaction with the PA system and its implementation, suggesting a number of deficiencies. Participants also questioned the validity of the prime role given to students in the evaluation of teachers in the PA process as well as the lack of effective criteria and transparency in the choice of peer appraisers. Moreover, the lack of communication and training of both appraisers and appraisees were among the major issues reported by the participants. Implications for PA practices improvement and advancement were presented and discussed.
Understanding EFL Linguistic Models through Relationship between Natural Language Processing and Artificial Intelligence Applications
Author: Keezhatta, Muhammed Salim
Date: 2019-12-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Models,Correlation,Natural Language Processing,Artificial Intelligence,Second Language Learning,Second Language Instruction,English (Second Language),Syntax,Semantics,Inferences,Morphology (Languages),Computer Software

Natural Language Processing (NLP) platforms have recently reported a higher adoption rate of Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications. The purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between NLP and AI in the application of linguistic tasks related to morphology, parsing, and semantics. To achieve this objective, a theoretical framework was designed to investigate the direct and indirect impact of the relationship between NLP platforms and AI applications, such as machine learning and deep learning. Theoretically, this study contributes to examining the relationship between NLP platforms and AI applications through selected linguistic models from the English as a Foreign Language (EFL) perspective. Practical implications are derived from syntactic and semantic variables when AI applications are used. The results of this study suggest that AI applications can use to support NLP tasks, particularly the adaptation of deep learning applications that can prove useful in extracting analytical inferences and enhancing NLP approaches applied to EFL texts. The conclusion drawn of this study is that if NLP caters to knowledge-rich AI techniques, it can make significant advances in the linguistics disciplines of morphology, parsing, and semantics.
Examining Student Reported Interaction and Satisfaction in Higher Education Administration Graduate Seminar-Style Blended Courses
Author: Thurber, Derek
Date: 2020-09-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Interaction,Student Satisfaction,Student Motivation,Graduate Students,Higher Education,Educational Administration,Administrator Education,Seminars,Blended Learning,Private Colleges,Research Universities,Class Size,Synchronous Communication,Discussion,Communities of Practice,Inquiry,Electronic Learning

The purpose of this case study was to examine how a professional graduate program in higher education administration developed seminar-style courses in a blended format. Blended courses involved two extended in-person weekend sessions with synchronous online sessions, and other asynchronous coursework in between. This study explored the importance of interaction, student satisfaction, and motivation to student success. Data were collected through student surveys and faculty interviews from 11 courses within the same graduate degree program at a private, highly selective research university from spring 2016 through spring 2018. Class size was the biggest factor relating to student interaction. This study also found synchronous online discussions had a greater impact than other learning activities and that satisfaction and interaction had a slight increase over time as students and instructors became more comfortable with the format.
The 4MAT Model in English Language Teaching
Author: AlSaleem, Basmah Issa Ahmad
Date: 2019-12-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Models,Second Language Learning,Second Language Instruction,English (Second Language),Teaching Methods,Learning Processes,Brain Hemisphere Functions,Cognitive Style,Undergraduate Students,Interdisciplinary Approach

This paper aims at highlighting the 4MAT Model as a teaching procedure in teaching English Language for undergraduate students at colleges and Universities. Moreover, the current study tries to focus on using the 4MAT model as a framework for teaching and learning English as a Foreign Language based on the principles of learning methods and their relationship to the learning cycle. The results of the study indicate that the learning cycle is designed 4MAT with four learning styles. Each quarter is appropriate for teaching methods, which were used depending on the dominance of the right or left hemisphere of the learner's brain in order to be suitable for all types of learners.
Teaching in a Multicultural and Demanding Society
Author: Aada, Khalid
Date: 2019-12-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Teaching Methods,Cultural Pluralism,Critical Thinking,Reflective Teaching,Teacher Role,Learning Processes,Second Language Learning,Second Language Instruction,Language Teachers,Teacher Education Programs,Curriculum Design,Diversity

What does involve leading a new experience of teaching and learning under the new paradigm of a true knowledge society? Is it about mastering the teaching experience through critical reflection, or knowing the natural and social environment in its multiple interactions? Isn't it about favoring an educational environment where students are not only limited to participate in a traditional way, but expect to find meaning to their learning experience and be able to build the acquired knowledge? This article allows to identify different stages in the new educational models within a multicultural environment. In other words, a field where teachers are asked to transform their role as exhibitors of knowledge to learning facilitators, and students from spectators to active participants, proactive and critical members in the construction of their own knowledge, acting as a guide in the development of competences that allow students to communicate in a timely manner and complex world. Through different insight and scenarios, practices and methodologies, this article presents a pedagogical tool that could facilitate the organization and the establishment of a follow-up in an actual form and thus contribute to the improvement of the study programs.
Examining Students&apos; Confidence to Learn Online, Self-Regulation Skills and Perceptions of Satisfaction and Usefulness of Online Classes
Author: Landrum, Brittany
Date: 2020-09-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Electronic Learning,Online Courses,Self Efficacy,Self Management,Time Management,Student Satisfaction,Value Judgment,Prior Learning,Predictor Variables,Graduate Students,Undergraduate Students,Integrated Learning Systems

As online class offerings continue to proliferate and more students take at least one online class in college, more research is needed to explore factors that impact students' perceptions of their online classes. Past research has found a positive relationship between students' computer self-efficacy and their satisfaction with online learning, but little research has explored how learning management system and online learning self-efficacy relate to perceptions of satisfaction and perceived usefulness of online classes. In addition to confidence, students must also implement and apply their learning skills in an online environment; thus self-regulation and time management as well as past online learning experience are additional factors that have been shown to be related to satisfaction with and usefulness of online learning. This study explores how students' confidence regarding their ability to use online learning platforms, utilize self-regulation strategies, and their confidence in their ability to learn in online classes predict both their satisfaction with and perceived usefulness of online classes. Multiple regression analyses revealed that students' confidence to learn online was the strongest positive predictor of satisfaction and usefulness of online classes. The results indicate that exploring students' purpose and reasons for taking online classes, beyond a students' skill set and learning strategies, are fruitful directions to pursue when assessing evaluations of online classes.
Faculty Perceptions of Online Teaching at a Midsized Liberal Arts University
Author: Shreaves, Dana L.
Date: 2020-09-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: College Faculty,Web Based Instruction,Liberal Arts,Teacher Attitudes,Teacher Effectiveness,Educational Policy,Educational Resources,Technology Uses in Education

In this mixed-methods study, faculty perceptions of online teaching at a midsized liberal arts university were examined to better understand faculty acceptance and participation in online teaching at the university. Seventy-nine participants responded to a survey that collected qualitative and quantitative data. Content analysis of faculty perceptions of online teaching was employed and resulted in the identification of six themes. An examination of 21 quantitative factors identified 17 factors reported by more than 50% of respondents to influence their decision to teach or not teach online. Study participants perceived online learning as attractive to students but they wanted any online courses carefully regulated, in part because online learning was seen as contrary to their teaching values. Participants were influenced by personal preferences but also the desire for robust faculty resources, as well as more effective technology and infrastructure. Implications and directions for future research were discussed.
Development of Digital Intelligence among Participants of Inclusive Educational Process
Author: Solovieva, Olga Vladimirovna
Date: 2020-08-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Inclusion,Technological Literacy,Educational Technology,Technology Uses in Education,Students with Disabilities,Secondary School Students,Secondary School Teachers,Foreign Countries,Thinking Skills,Critical Thinking,Reflection,Parents,Emotional Intelligence,Self Management,Interpersonal Competence,Interaction,Goal Orientation,Planning

The article analyzes the problem of the development of digital intelligence among participants of inclusive educational process in the context of the global digitalization of modern society. The level of development of this problem is described. A brief analytical review of scientific research of digital educational environments and digitalization of education is presented. The features and advantages of this innovative approach are demonstrated. The risks for the mental and personal development of students in the transition of modern education to digital format are listed. The results of a pilot research of the development of the main components of digital intelligence among participants in an inclusive educational process (teachers, students and their parents) are presented. A model of the targeted development of digital intelligence in the practice of an inclusive educational organization is proposed.
Effect of Financial Leverage on the Trend of Stock Pricing Fluctuations in Companies Listed in Tehran Stock Exchange
Author: Karimi, Goran
Date: 2020-08-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Corporations,Debt (Financial),Money Management,Trend Analysis,Data Analysis,Finance Occupations,Costs

The key factor in creating value in companies and banks is the capital structure and financing method so that companies are moving towards creating value through debt control and the use of proper financing. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of financial leverage on the stock price volatility trend in listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange for the period 2011-2018 using systematic elimination method. The results of data analysis showed that financial leverage capital has significant effect on the trend of stock price volatility in listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange.
The Newest Digital Technologies in Education and the Prospects of Their Implementation in Ukraine
Author: Kulish, Anatolii
Date: 2020-08-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Technology Uses in Education,Foreign Countries,Scientific Research,Futures (of Society),Educational Legislation,Program Development,Program Effectiveness,Educational Change,Educational Policy,Information Technology,Online Courses,Universities,Distance Education,Preschool Education,Elementary Secondary Education

The relevance of this article is due to the constitutional obligation of the state to provide the population with a high level of education. The purpose of the article is to carry out scientific research on the issue of educational digitization in developed countries of the world and to develop a program of educational digitization in Ukraine. The leading research methods are general scientific and specific research methods, including methods of logic, analysis, comparison and more. The results of this study are to outline the real need of modern society in the digitization of education, to determine the legal and organizational basis of such processes in the country, to develop an effective, step-by-step program for the digitization of education in Ukraine. The significance of the obtained results is reflected in the fact that this study can serve as a basis for outlining future changes to the current legislation of Ukraine on the issues of the digitization of education and reformatting the work of the relevant state bodies in the educational sphere.
Entrepreneurial Intentions and Behaviour as the Creation of Business: Based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour Extension Evidence from Polish Universities and Entrepreneurs
Author: Heydari, Mohammad
Date: 2020-08-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Entrepreneurship,Teaching Methods,Behavior Theories,Intention,Business,Financial Support,Information Technology,Decision Making,Goal Orientation,Universities,Foreign Countries,Role,Beliefs

The purpose of this research was to analyze the relationships between the factors that influence entrepreneurial Intention (EI), using a modified version of Ajzen's theory of planned behaviour (TPB), considering the perception of behaviour. This examination depended on participants' demographic characteristics and psycho-social behavioural traits of attitude (ATT), Subjective norm (SN), and perceived behavioural control (PBC). The establishment of a new business entails various forms of action to achieve desired results. This research analyzes entrepreneurship as the creation of business by engaging in rational behaviour to optimize the use of available technologies and financial sources. These activities are not standardized: They emerge from the entrepreneurial imagination, the perception of new opportunities, and innovation. The aim of a business is not just to produce and sell goods or services. A company must determine the appropriate means of providing them and choose the values to be adopted in the procedure of doing so. Companies should also identify the actions to be taken so that principals or employees incorporate these values into their activities and establish the character that will permit them to regards options and make correct decisions in keeping with the business's goals.