ethanporcaro/eric-fulltext-meta huggingface dataset:
Cosmopolitanism and Our Descriptions of Ethics and Ontology: A Response to Dale Snauwaert's "The Ethics and Ontology of Cosmopolitanism"
Author: Hansen, David T.
Date: 2010-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Realism,Cultural Awareness,Social Sciences,Ethics,Humanities,Philosophy,Values

In recent years scholars across the humanities and social sciences have revitalized the ancient concept of cosmopolitanism. Dale Snauwaert illuminates why this is so in his thoughtful article on what it might mean to educate for a shared humanity. Snauwaert shows why many people find so-called "realism" an unsatisfactory political and moral orientation toward the world. In this article, the author is not convinced that what Snauwaert calls Mohandas Gandhi's "ontological grounding" is in fact "essential" for the project of world justice. He is not persuaded it is the only alternative to the sort of vulgar pragmatism Snauwaert is concerned to avoid, and rightly so since the other side of the reductionist coin of "realism" is the claim that human nature is "a complete social construction." The author imagines culture at three levels: (1) the familiar anthropological plane wherein communities reconfigure practices and ideals; (2) the level of cultures of art (teaching, practicing science, musical traditions the world over, etc.) in which new forms and techniques emerge in often surprising ways; and (3) the level of the individual person endeavoring to cultivate ("culturate") her or his life as meaningfully and seriously as circumstances permit. The recognition of cultural creativity at these levels can generate a deep, robust sense of hope in what humans "can" accomplish if they give themselves over to the task, as many have done across the ages. Moreover, in this task people do not need to "be" cosmopolitan, as if they must take on a new identity. It is more judicious to say they can be "cosmopolitan-minded" and "cosmopolitan-hearted" in various moments amidst the vicissitudes of their highly local, particularized lives. As sympathetic as he is with just about everything Snauwaert has put forward in his article, this author remains concerned that a fixed, "a priori" conception of human nature can inadvertently end up becoming state-like. (Contains 1 endnote.)
Productive and Nonproductive Counselor Supervision: Best and Worst Experiences of Supervisees
Author: Wallace, Melanie J. Drake
Date: 2010-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Supervision,Factor Analysis,Learning Experience,Supervisor Supervisee Relationship,Supervisory Methods,Best Practices,Counseling Services,Counseling Techniques,Counselor Attitudes,Questionnaires,Barriers,Performance Factors

This study examines reported best and worst supervisee experiences of participants. Most supervision research emphasizes productive and effective aspects of supervision. Some efforts, however, have emphasized nonproductive or lousy aspects of supervision (Worthington, 1987). A factor analysis of participants' reported best supervisee experience revealed a one-factor solution, a finding consistent with qualitative research efforts suggesting integration of roles and expectations is key for effective supervision. By contrast, a factor analysis for participants' reported worst experiences as a supervisee revealed a two-factor solution, suggesting a lack of integration as well as problems in two distinct areas of supervision practice. Conclusions and suggestions for further research are offered. (Contains 2 tables.)
College Student Stress: A Predictor of Eating Disorder Precursor Behaviors
Author: Shelton, Virginia L.
Date: 2010-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Eating Disorders,Predictor Variables,Stress Variables,Student Behavior,Behavior Problems,Multiple Regression Analysis,College Students,Anxiety,Self Esteem,Depression (Psychology),Student Surveys,Measures (Individuals)

Eating disorders are compulsive behaviors that can consume a person's life to the point of becoming life threatening. Previous research found stress associated with eating disorders. College can be a stressful time. If stress predicted precursor behaviors to eating disorders, then counselors would have a better chance to help students sooner. This study focused on stress and three precursors of eating disorders, &quot;Drive for Thinness, Body Dissatisfaction, and Bulimia symptoms.&quot; Regression analysis of 362 college students' responses to a 96 item compiled, electronic survey found that age, gender, and stress did predict the precursor variables. Implications for college counselors are discussed. (Contains 4 tables.)
Legal and Ethical Implications of Working with Minors in Alabama: Consent and Confidentiality
Author: Keim, Michael A.
Date: 2010-00-00
Type: Information Analyses
Subjects: Mental Health,Confidentiality,Ethics,Literature Reviews,Legal Responsibility,School Counseling,Case Records,Confidential Records,Notetaking,Childrens Rights,State Regulation,Compliance (Legal)

Until recently, there has been little guidance in the professional literature with respect to counseling minors outside of the school setting. Although most authors suggest referring to state statutes for legal limits of counseling practice, little research exists describing these requirements in Alabama. The purpose of this literature and statutory review is to increase school and mental health counselors' awareness of accepted practice and the possible legal limitations of working with minors in the State of Alabama. Ethics refers to decisions of a moral nature about people and their interaction in society (Kitchener, 1986). Needs to be added to the references. Law refers to legal standards for behavior developed by legislators and interpreted by judges (Remley, Hermann, &amp; Huey, 2003). Needs to be added to the references. As most counselors know, sometimes the distinctions between these two, as well as their relationship to each other, are ambiguous. Until recently, there has been little guidance in the professional literature with respect to counseling minors outside of the school setting. Lawrence and Kurpius (2000) found little research or professional literature concerning appropriate legal and ethical procedures for service provision to minors in the community agency setting. In fact, their exploration of the &quot;Journal of Counseling and Development&quot; between 1995 and 2000 failed to discover any articles on this subject. A subsequent search of available databases for relevant articles from 2000 to 2008 produced similar results. The purpose of this literature and statutory review is to increase school and mental health counselors' awareness of accepted practice within the profession and the possible legal limitations of working with minors in the State of Alabama.
Left Behind but Not Forgotten: School Counselors' Ability to Help Improve Reading Achievement
Author: Edwards, Lawanda
Date: 2010-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: African American Students,Reading Achievement,School Counseling,School Counselors,Accountability,White Students,Counselor Role,Achievement Gap,Reading Improvement,Educational Strategies,Change Strategies,Educational Improvement

Examined is an outlook of the achievement gap among African-American and White students in school settings. Statistics and other pertinent information are evaluated to demonstrate how this is a growing problem in schools. An exploration of how school counselors can meet the demands and recognize the effects the achievement gap has on African-American students and interventions that should be put into place to help with this rising problem are essential in helping to close the achievement gap crisis, as a result of this movement there have been numerous accomplishments; nevertheless major challenges continue to linger. School improvement has been a main concern for presidents, governors, and other state policymakers for the past twenty years. As a result of this movement there have been numerous accomplishments, nevertheless major challenges continue to linger. One such challenge is the reading achievement gap between African American students and their European American counterparts (National Center for Education Statistics, 2007). This article provides a definition of the achievement gap, instructional efforts classroom teachers can utilize to help close the achievement gap, and shows how school guidance counselors can help African American students increase reading performance, thus helping to close the achievement gap. Accountability and improving student achievement has also been a main focus of the school counseling profession. There has been a shift in the way that school counselor accountability is being measured. In the past, school counselor accountability was measured by answering the question, &quot;What do counselors do?&quot; Now school counselor accountability is measured by answering the questions, &quot;How are students different as a result of what school counselors do?&quot; This shift is mainly due to the passing of the No Child Left Behind Act (U.S. Department of Education, 2001).
BIOPS Interactive: An e-Learning Platform Focused on Protein Structure and DNA
Author: Pontelli, Enrico
Date: 2009-12-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Electronic Learning,Molecular Biology,Genetics,Science Instruction,College Science,Hands on Science,Web Based Instruction,Concept Teaching,Scientific Concepts,Feedback (Response),Visualization,Science Activities,Instructional Effectiveness

One of the difficulties in teaching basic molecular biology concepts to the students with little biological background is the lack of hands-on exercises that combines the challenges of the concepts with visualization and immediate feedback. BIOPS Interactive is a web-based interactive learning environment for molecular biology that complements traditional lecture and text coursework. It includes a set of exercises of basic concepts about molecules through the use of interactive graphics and scientific visualization. Students can gain immediate feedback of their exercises, and the instructor can get the real-time feedback about students' performance. In addition to the existing exercises, BIOPS provides a simple platform for instructors to create exercises of their own, or to modify existing ones. The preliminary feedback from BIOPS users has been positive. (Contains 11 figures and 1 table.)
Group Projects as a Method of Promoting Student Scientific Communication and Collaboration in a Public Health Microbiology Course
Author: Walton, Kristen L. W.
Date: 2009-12-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Undergraduate Students,Student Projects,Group Activities,Public Health,Microbiology,College Science,Science Instruction,Communication Skills,Research Skills,Cooperative Learning,Peer Evaluation,Allied Health Occupations Education,Instructional Effectiveness,Self Esteem,Self Evaluation (Individuals),Student Attitudes

Communication of scientific and medical information and collaborative work are important skills for students pursuing careers in health professions and other biomedical sciences. In addition, group work and active learning can increase student engagement and analytical skills. Students in our public health microbiology class were required to work in instructor-assigned groups to research a human pathogen and associated disease, and to create a presentation appropriate for their classmates. Objectives of the project included building students' abilities to research and critically assess relevant scientific and medical information, increasing their scientific communication skills, and improving group collaboration skills. Another goal was for students to be the class &quot;expert&quot; on their chosen pathogen. Group projects were presented orally to the class, and in written formats as either posters or pamphlets. A peer evaluation was utilized to allow students the opportunity to evaluate their group's effectiveness. Students were surveyed after the projects for self-evaluation of content knowledge and confidence in scientific communication and research skills. Many students expressed enthusiasm for the project, and 96% and 65% of students reported increases in content knowledge and communication skills, respectively. We conclude that group projects are an effective means of delivering content while increasing students' confidence in science communication skills. (Contains 3 tables.)
A Simulation of DNA Sequencing Utilizing 3M Post-It[R] Notes
Author: Christensen, Doug
Date: 2009-12-00
Type: Guides - Classroom - Teacher
Subjects: Simulation,Genetics,Learning Activities,Teaching Methods,Science Instruction,Molecular Biology,Hands on Science,Paper (Material),College Instruction,Instructional Effectiveness

An inexpensive and equipment free approach to teaching the technical aspects of DNA sequencing. The activity described requires an instructor with a familiarity of DNA sequencing technology but provides a straight forward method of teaching the technical aspects of sequencing in the absence of expensive sequencing equipment. The final sequence analysis can be used as a springboard to a number of activities including literature reviews and writing projects. (Contains 2 figures.)
Thermoregulatory Behavior in Diurnal Lizards as a Vehicle for Teaching Scientific Process
Author: Platz, James E.
Date: 2009-12-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Radiation,Heat,Teaching Methods,Animals,Science Education,Scientific Principles,Science Experiments,Hands on Science,Hypothesis Testing,Animal Behavior,Energy,Scientific Concepts,Observation,College Science

Field experiments offer the opportunity for hands on experience with the scientific process. While this is true of a wide variety of activities, many have pitfalls both experimental and logistical that reduce the overall rate of success, in turn, influencing student learning outcomes. Relying on small, territorial, diurnal lizards and an array of inexpensive data loggers and lizard models provides a reliable method of testing a hypothesis in the field. This approach virtually guarantees that every student obtains a useable data set within a short period of time. Behavioral responses in lizards are dependent on becoming active only after external, sun driven, heat sources are adequate to permit daily activity on the one hand and avoiding excessive heat uptake above a critical maximum. Activity is dependent upon three primary modes of heat transfer (gain or loss): solar radiation, conductive exchange and convection, concepts that all students seem to understand. Over 11 of the past 15 years all students (more than 80) who undertook this project obtained useable data sets (data log records matched to focal observations). We relied on two different subspecies of "Holbrookia maculata." Numerous other lizards are amenable to this approach. (Contains 4 figures and 1 table.)
A Comparison of Heat versus Methanol Fixation for Gram Staining Bacteria
Author: Minnerath, Jeanne M.
Date: 2009-12-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Microbiology,Heat,Chemistry,Science Activities,Comparative Analysis

Gram staining bacteria is a fundamental technique introduced in general biology and microbiology laboratory courses. Two common problems students encounter when Gram staining bacteria are (1) having a difficult time locating bacterial cells on the microscope slide and (2) over-decolorizing bacterial cells during the staining procedure such that gram-positive bacteria, which should appear purple in color, are pink instead. In this study, we examined whether the method of fixation (heat versus methanol) that is used to adhere bacteria to the slide prior to staining might influence the staining results. We found that significantly greater numbers of "Staphylococcus aureus" (gram-positive) and "Escherichia coli" (gram-negative) cells adhered to slides following methanol fixation compared to slides that were heat-fixed. Additionally, methanol-fixed cells of "Staphylococcus aureus" were consistently stained the correct color (a dark purple) while the staining of heat-fixed cells was more variable with cells ranging in color from purple to pink. Overall, our results indicate that students are more likely to successfully visualize and Gram stain bacteria if the cells are fixed with methanol rather than heat. (Contains 3 figures.)
Environmental Studies and Utilitarian Ethics
Author: Wolff, Brian G.
Date: 2009-12-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Environmental Education,Ethics,Public Policy,Educational Principles,Moral Values,Science Education,Science Instruction,College Science,College Instruction,Teaching Methods,College Faculty,Educational Environment

Environmental ethicists have focused much attention on the limits of utilitarianism and have generally defined "environmental ethics" in a manner that treats utilitarian environmental ethics as an oxymoron. This is unfortunate because utilitarian ethics can support strong environmental policies, and environmental ethicists have not yet produced a contemporary environmental ethic with such broad appeal. I believe educators should define environmental ethics more broadly and teach utilitarian ethics in a non-pejorative fashion so that graduates of environmental studies and policy programs understand the merits of utilitarian arguments and can comfortably participate in the policymaking arena, where utilitarian ethics continue to play a dominant role.
Influence of Population Density on Offspring Number and Size in Burying Beetles
Author: Rauter, Claudia M.
Date: 2010-05-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Entomology,Biology,Ecology,Animal Behavior,Birth,Ecological Factors,Science Instruction,College Science,Science Laboratories,Statistical Analysis,Undergraduate Students

This laboratory exercise investigates the influence of population density on offspring number and size in burying beetles. Students test the theoretical predictions that brood size declines and offspring size increases when competition over resources becomes stronger with increasing population density. Students design the experiment, collect and analyze the data, and discuss the results in the context of adaptive phenotypic plasticity. (Contains 4 figures.)
Biomedical Research Experiences for Biology Majors at a Small College
Author: Stover, Shawn K.
Date: 2010-05-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Biomedicine,Majors (Students),Small Colleges,Research Opportunities,Student Research,College Science,College Outcomes Assessment,College Programs,Undergraduate Students

A program-level assessment of the biology curriculum at a small liberal arts college validates a previous study demonstrating success in achieving learning outcomes related to content knowledge and communication skills. Furthermore, research opportunities have been provided to complement pedagogical strategies and give students a more complete science education. (Contains 7 figures.)
An Inexpensive Method to Simulate a Monohybrid Cross Using Wild-Type Zebrafish ("Danio rerio")
Author: Lassiter, Christopher S.
Date: 2010-05-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Animals,Science Activities,Genetics,Biology,Science Instruction,College Science,Introductory Courses,Science Laboratories,Laboratory Procedures,Assignments,Statistical Analysis

Monohybrid crosses are taught in biology labs across the country using peas and corn. Students studying monohybrid crosses using zebrafish ("Danio rerio") would encounter a new model organism, and those interested in human or veterinary medicine would have increased interest. To this end, our college has implemented a laboratory exercise at the introductory level using wild-type and non-pigmented zebrafish embryos to simulate a monohybrid cross. By using 1-phenyl-2-thiourea (PTU) to generate non-pigmented fish, the necessity of maintaining a separate albino line of fish is eliminated. Live embryos are preferable for generating student excitement; however, the option to use preserved embryos allows for re-use of fish over multiple years without relying on embryo production on a particular day. (Contains 2 tables and 4 figures.)
Analyzing Population Genetics Using the Mitochondrial Control Region and Bioinformatics
Author: Sato, Takumi
Date: 2010-05-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: College Science,Genetics,Biology,Information Science,Asians,Foreign Students,Inquiry,Active Learning,Student Projects,Research Projects,Scientific Research,Undergraduate Students

The 14-base pair hypervariable region in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of Asian populations, specifically Japanese and Chinese students at Plattsburgh State University, was examined. Previous research on this 14-base pair region showed it to be susceptible to mutations and as a result indicated direct correlation with specific ethnic populations. Earlier studies provided the 14-base pair region sequence analysis for Asians in general. This inquiry-based project was generated in a junior/senior college general genetics course. The project produced sequences of the 14-base pair hypervariable region for Japanese and Chinese populations, specifically. The investigation examined 28 Japanese and 27 Chinese international students. A Control group, consisting of 20 random students was also sampled. The 14-base pair hypervariable region for each sample was analyzed through comparison using bioinformatics. Analyzing the samples showed that, overall, 46% of the Japanese samples, 59% of the Chinese samples, and 75% of the Control samples had the same 14-base pair sequence. In addition to this, it was observed that the Japanese, Chinese, and Control group all had their own specific mutations within the 14-base pair hypervariable region. (Contains 3 figures and 2 tables.)
Regulation of Water in Plant Cells
Author: Kowles, Richard V.
Date: 2010-05-00
Type: Guides - Classroom - Teacher
Subjects: Thermodynamics,Science Activities,Science Laboratories,Cytology,Biology,Statistical Analysis,Plants (Botany),Water,Science Instruction,Scientific Principles,Data Collection,Graphs,Computation

Cell water relationships are important topics to be included in cell biology courses. Differences exist in the control of water relationships in plant cells relative to control in animal cells. One important reason for these differences is that turgor pressure is a consideration in plant cells. Diffusion and osmosis are the underlying factors involved in the control of water in plant cells; however, additional attention must be given to osmotic pressure, osmotic potential, and water potential. This discussion shows how these parameters relate to each other, and how they are explained by thermodynamics and the universal gas laws. Detailed laboratory exercises are described that demonstrate these principles. The laboratory exercises include data collection, graphing of data, statistical analysis of data, and calculations of osmotic potential and diffusion pressure deficit from the data. (Contains 5 figures and 2 tables.)