ethanporcaro/eric-fulltext-meta huggingface dataset:
English Speech Acts of Illocutionary Force in Class Interaction
Author: Bahing
Date: 2018-06-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: English (Second Language),Second Language Learning,Second Language Instruction,Speech Acts,Classroom Communication,Ethnography,Discourse Analysis,Linguistic Theory,Speech Communication,Social Status

The goal of research was to achieve a deep comprehension of English speech acts of illocutionary force. The method applied was ethnography of communication. In relation with an approach, I applied the qualitative one. In the data collection procedures, I applied the ethnography method, i.e. field observation, recording, transcription, interview, and field notes. In analyzing the data, I used the model of communication analysis, such as analysis of: communication situation, communication events, and communication acts. The findings showed that (1) the realization of speech acts of illocutionary directive had been the dominant one; (2) the realization of Grice's maxims had been conducted &quot;Good&quot; as shown by the achievement index of 78.431%, while the hit of maxims reached the index of 21.569%; (3) the realization of direct and indirect speech acts proved that the question intonation (Ok?, No?, Here?, Clear?, Really?), question marks (What, Who, Where, When, Which, How), question words (Are, Is, Am, Can, May, Will, Shall), and the verbal ones (Explain!, Give Comment!, Give Example!, Look at!) were used significantly; (4) the use of direct speech acts was more dominant than the indirect speech acts; (5) the hit of Grice's maxims of cooperative principles in speaking occurred, such as hit of the maxims: quality, and manner; (6) the most significant finding was the illocutionary speech act of directive owned higher social status than the illocutionary assertive; and (7) lastly, the use of speech act was highly determined by the contexts of situation and social cultures.
The Effect of Somatotype Characteristics of Athletes on the Balance Performance
Author: Top, Elif
Date: 2018-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Physical Characteristics,Athletes,Body Height,Body Weight,Human Body,Body Composition,Athletics,Performance,Correlation

Our study aims to investigate the effects of somatotype characteristics of elite athletes on the balance performances. The study has included 46 elite athletes totally. The heights, body weights, skinfold thicknesses, periphery and diameter of skinfold of the subjects included in the study have been measured and somatotype characteristics have been determined by using Heath-Carter method. The balance performances of the athletes have been evaluated by using Biodex Balance System. It has been determined that the dynamic balance performance of the athletes has changed in accordance with the endomorph, mesomorph and ectomorph characteristics of the athletes; however, static balance performances have not changed. Accordingly, no difference has been observed between the oscillation indexes and static balances of the athletes (p&gt;0.05), whereas a significant difference has been found as the balance level increases in accordance with the endomorph, mesomorph and ectomorph characteristics of the athletes in terms of dynamic balances (p&lt;0.01, p&lt;0.05, p&lt;0.001). In conclusion, it is assumed that the athletes having endomorphic characteristics may be more successful in the sports branches that put an emphasis on the balance.
Genre Crossing in Jamaica Kincaid&apos;s &apos;Girl&apos;: From Short Fiction to Poetry
Author: Rabea, Reem Ahmad
Date: 2018-06-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Fiction,Poetry,Literary Genres,Language Usage,Text Structure,Literary Criticism,Literary Devices,Females,Parent Child Relationship,Mothers,Daughters,Foreign Countries

The paper intends to reread Jamaica Kincaid's short story, 'Girl' (1978) and provide new insights into its understanding. It aims to analyse the poetic qualities, word choice, and structure of the text that are left not fully discussed by recent scholarship. The structure as well as the poetic language of 'Girl' make it an unconventional piece of writing falling between two literary categories and so hard to classify. 'Girl' apparently violates rules and transgresses conventions by being both poetic and going beyond the traditional fictional structure of a short story. The paper argues that 'Girl' is an unconventional piece of literature that crosses the borders of a short story to poetry. First, it obviously lacks the traditional structure to be classified as a short story. Second, the text embraces several poetic techniques which reveal it as poetry written in prose. Therefore, the paper purports to carefully consider the poetic techniques and rhetorical devices found in 'Girl' and make it much closer to a prose poem than a short story. The story depicts a pre-adolescent female being dictated by the instructions of a sharp-tongued mother who teaches her how to become a lady--both in the private setting of the house as well as in public--in contrast to what it is like for a woman growing up in Antigua. The paper's considerations of Kincaid's depictions of mother, daughter, and their relationship illuminate the poetic traits found including repetition, sound devices and word choice. The paper's interpretation of 'Girl' reveals its poetic nature for being a thoroughly repetitive and alliterative piece. The text's repetitive quality does not only stimulate the reader's intellectual appreciation of the text's thematic notions and meanings but also promotes an overall unifying effect.
A Pragmatic Study of CNN and BBC News Headlines Covering the Syrian Conflict
Author: Al-Hindawi, Fareed Hameed
Date: 2018-06-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: News Reporting,Journalism,News Media,Pragmatics,Speech Acts,War,Current Events,Comparative Analysis

Lately, there has been a growing interest in media. As a result, many trends are found from both the academic and industrial points of view. News channels, for example, play an important role in transmitting news about political situations, military events and other issues to people all over the world. The language used in news reports or even in their headlines is very influential in attaining the communicative intent of such news reports. This language is characterized by various linguistic features. One aspect of those features is the pragmatic one. This latter issue has not been given its due attention in research study. Precisely, the use of speech acts as a basic component of pragmatics has not been sufficiently tackled in research work in this regard. Thus, the present study attempts to fill this gap and investigate the types of speech acts employed in CNN and BBC headlines that represent the Syrian conflict. Fifty-six headlines are selected from each of these news channels--26 from CNN and 30 from BBC. This study purports that headlines can be loaded with the encoded pragmatic meanings which makes this study worth conducting to reveal those kinds of meanings. The selected period ranges from September 2015 to May 2016. The investigation performed by this study shows that scrutinizing the speech acts employed in the headlines in news channels can be a good way to understand the intended meaning set by writers. It is found out that assertive speech acts are the most frequent speech acts used in the headlines of CNN and BBC news channels. The results also indicate that the headlines of CNN news channel show a preponderance use of commissives whereas the headlines of BBC news channel show an eminent employment of expressives.
Development of Teaching Materials of Poetry Writing Using Pictures for the Elementary Students
Author: Satinem
Date: 2018-06-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Instructional Materials,Material Development,Poetry,Pictorial Stimuli,Writing (Composition),Sampling,Elementary School Students,Foreign Countries,Models,Specialists,Course Descriptions,Indonesian

The research aims to develop the product of Teaching Materials of Poetry Writing Using Pictures. This developed teaching material result is expected to be used by the students of grade V of SD Xaverius Lubuklinggau, SD Negeri 44 Lubuklinggau, and SD Negeri 20 Lubuklinggau in learning to write poetry. The method used in research is research and development or better known as R &amp; D.If the calculation of the data is smaller than the alpha value (0.05), it means that there has been a significant difference before it is used after the use of poetry writing materials compared to the KKM of each school, so that the Teaching Materials of Poetry Writing Using Pictures is declared effective. From the calculation by SPSS, the results obtained for the test value t[subscript count] 11.219 and t[subscript table] 2.045 for (d) 30 and alpa 0.05 in high level group students of SD Xaverius. While for the average level group shows the value of t[subscript count] 9,416 and t[subscript table] 2.042 for (d) 30 and alpha 0.05. For the low group level, gained the t[subscript count] value of 4.859 and t[subscript table] 2,110 for (d) 17 and alpha 0.05, thus it can be concluded that t[subscript count]&gt; t[subscript table], so H0 is rejected, and H1 is accepted. In the other word, it can be concluded that t[subscript count]&gt; t[subscript table], so that H0 is rejected.Based on t test result from three schools, it can be concluded that t[subscript count]&gt; t[subscript table], so H0 is rejected, and Ha accepted. The average value of learning completeness after using writing materials is the same or greater with the Minimal Completeness Criteria (KKM) in each school, meaning that the teaching materials is effective used to improve the students' ability in writing poetry.
Retranslations of Faulkner&apos;s &quot;Sanctuary&quot; in Turkish Literature
Author: Canli, Gülsüm
Date: 2018-06-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Turkish,Translation,Novels,Editing,Comparative Analysis,Linguistic Theory,Authors,Contrastive Linguistics,Decision Making,Language Usage,United States Literature

This study is based on a comparative analysis of Turkish translations of &quot;Sanctuary&quot; (1931) by William Faulkner and aims to review the assumptions of literary translation by Antoine Berman's &quot;retranslation hypothesis&quot; and &quot;deforming tendencies.&quot; The novel was exposed to an obligatory rewriting process by the editor and was reworded by Faulkner who acted as a self-translator to make the original version acceptable. The rewritten version, which can be regarded as an intralingual translation, became the source text for interlingual translations. The novel was first translated by Ender Gürol as &quot;Kutsal Siginak&quot; (1961); then by Özar Sunar as &quot;Lekeli Günler&quot; (1967) and finally by Necla Aytür as &quot;Tapinak&quot; (2007). Among Faulkner's fifteen books which have been translated into Turkish thus far, &quot;Sanctuary&quot; is the only one with three translations in total. The translational process will be described to understand the rationale behind translators' decisions within the context of translation studies.
Transformation of English Language in Amitav Ghosh&apos;s &quot;The Hungry Tide&quot;
Author: Tasnim, Zakiyah
Date: 2018-06-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: English (Second Language),Second Language Learning,Language Usage,Language Variation,English Literature,Authors,Novels,Indians,Foreign Countries

With millions of non-native English language users, English has gained the position of 'global language' in the last century. English literature also has a significant number of non-native writers from around the world. While grasping their own cultures in English, these non-native writers have been transforming English language to a remarkable extent. On many occasions, these transformed varieties are recognised as versions of English language. This essay explores the notion of translingual writers and their use of English language, taking &quot;The Hungry Tide,&quot; a novel of the Indian translingual writer Amitav Ghosh, as an example. The novel is studied, along with the works of other researchers, with the sole focus on the transformation of English language in it. This study looks for the answers of two questions. They are: (1) How do the translingual writers justify their transformation of English language?; and (2) How is Amitav Ghosh transforming English language in &quot;The Hungry Tide&quot; and why is he doing it?
The Implementation of ISSECI Model for Enhancing Thai EFL Students&apos; Intercultural Pragmatic Competence: Politeness Strategies
Author: Kong-In, Wapee
Date: 2018-06-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Cultural Awareness,English (Second Language),Second Language Learning,Second Language Instruction,Language Proficiency,Pragmatics,Intercultural Communication,Teaching Methods,Communicative Competence (Languages),Instructional Innovation,Undergraduate Students,Task Analysis,Foreign Countries,Models,Linguistic Theory,Linguistic Input,Knowledge Management,Majors (Students),Scaffolding (Teaching Technique)

Regarding pedagogical purpose, Thai EFL learners' communicative English proficiency is obviously restricted by the limited experiences of L2 politeness strategies. The aim of the current study is to investigate the effectiveness of the innovative teaching, ISSECI Model in terms of intercultural pragmatic competence: face threatening ace (FTA)--Do FTA and Don't do FTA. The twenty Thai EFL undergraduate students from Rajabhat University were selected as participants through simple random sampling. Data were collected using rejoinder-discourse completion task mixed with open time free response construction, and was statistically analyzed in MEAN, standard deviation, and t-test. The findings revealed that the participants' intercultural pragmatic competence after learning through ISSECI Model is significantly higher than that before the experiment (*p &lt; 0.05). The participants' perception with regard to ISSECI Model included four domains, i.e., English knowledge gained, cultural awareness, strengths, and weaknesses of the model.
The Relationship between Phonemics and Segmentation in English
Author: Rezqallah, May Stephan
Date: 2018-06-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Correlation,English (Second Language),Second Language Learning,Second Language Instruction,Foreign Countries,Phonemes,Undergraduate Students,Graduate Students,Language Rhythm,Oral Language,Interpersonal Communication,Dialogs (Language),Pronunciation,Pronunciation Instruction,Phonetics,Phonology,Language Variation

With the advent of communication facilities, most of our students are enthusiastic to get highly acquainted with rhythmical languages; one of these languages is English. Students prefer to speak the language more than to write a composition, or get in touch with its grammar. In other words, a question is raised &quot;how can we learn English through its spoken form represented in conversations and dialogues?&quot; It is not an easy task to teach phonetics and phonology concepts to Iraqi college students, the concepts of visualization of those students, and the distinctions between phonemes and segments. So far, they are keen to communicate in English, still their demand and study are to tackle the basic notions. In other words, those students have to get in perceiving the e.g., difference between production and pronunciation; the air stream mechanism participation to make them cope with the precise production and pronunciation. This paper is to reveal the importance of segmentation and phonemics of English for Iraqi students (undergraduates and postgraduates). In other word it is done in order to cope with such inquiry, the linguistic subjects--phonetics and phonology--are taught with so many details; i.e., students have to know that letters are written and sounds are spoken. The result would reveal the accents and dialects of English; overseas students are instructed to get used to the teachable variety of English--hence BBC.
Relationships between Metacognitive Strategies and Characteristics of Professional Tour Guide Trainees in English for Tourism
Author: Phaiboonnugulkij, Malinee
Date: 2018-06-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Metacognition,Tourism,Comparative Analysis,English (Second Language),Second Language Learning,Second Language Instruction,Guides,Learning Strategies,Language Proficiency,Correlation,Language Tests,Speech Communication,Content Analysis,Language Teachers,Teaching Methods,Undergraduate Students,Foreign Countries

The objectives of this study are to investigate and compare the total and individual metacognitive strategies used by professional tour guides in four English for Domestic Tourism lessons, and to explore the relationships between the use of metacognitive strategies in these lessons and characteristics of professional tour guide trainees. A total of eighteen professional tour guide trainees participated in this study and they were classified into groups from their proficiency levels in English, duration in English language study and the level of responsibility of their current jobs. The research instruments were a metacognitive strategy questionnaire, strategy coding scheme, English for Domestic Tourism lessons and English for Domestic speaking test and rating scale. Chi-square, One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), frequency, means, standard deviations and the qualitative content analysis from the questionnaires and coding scheme were used in the data analysis. The results show no significant differences in the use of both the total and individual metacognitive strategies in four lessons. However, there are significant relationships at the 0.05 level between proficiency level and goal setting and control of linguistic execution strategies. There are also significant relationships between duration of English language study and planning strategies and control of linguistic execution. The substantive insights from a qualitative content analysis show the prominent ways of how characteristics affect the strategy use of particular groups which should be included in both teacher and students' training on how to make use of these higher order thinking to effectively teach and learn English language.
Observing &quot;Myself&quot; in the Video: Fostering Reflective Practice in Oral Presentation Training
Author: Li, Aiping
Date: 2018-06-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Oral Language,Teaching Methods,Video Technology,Vignettes,English (Second Language),Second Language Learning,Second Language Instruction,Reflection,Student Journals,Student Attitudes,Foreign Countries,Cooperative Learning,Transformative Learning,Scaffolding (Teaching Technique),College Freshmen

This paper proposes using video-supported reflection to facilitate EFL students' reflective practice of oral presentations. Based on reflective learning theory, four teaching stages are designed and used in an intensive oral presentation training project: creating reflection scenarios, providing reflection scaffolds, guiding collaborative reflection, and summarizing learning gains. Data are collected through students' reflective journals and focus group interviews. Findings indicate that the project has a positive impact on students' reflective abilities and their perceived learning gains. Problems encountered by the students are identified and discussed in light of research and practice on how to support and enhance reflective learning.
Good EFL Learner&apos;s Strategy in Enhancing English Mastery: A Case Study at Indonesian College Students
Author: Syawal
Date: 2018-06-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: College Students,English (Second Language),Second Language Learning,Second Language Instruction,Mastery Learning,Foreign Countries,Learning Strategies,Grounded Theory,Case Studies,Language Usage

EFL learner strategy has become a popular issue since English considered as an International language which goes through with international public communication tools. In this study, the researcher focused on verifying learner strategy in enhancing English mastery inside classroom context of Indonesian college student. This study was qualitative research applied case study approach, which involves grounded theory method. The subject of this study was a learner which was considered as good EFL learner. Findings indicated that: (a) Good EFL learner acts to obey a rule of learners (discipline); (b) Good EFL learner tends to be relaxed and not easily upset (easy going); (c) Good EFL learner has an eager to learn or to know something (curiosity); and (d) Good EFL learner dare to be different or prefers to act differently. In addition, (e) Good EFL learner usually determined to follow a particular plan of action and sometimes using words in a clever and funny way (serious and witty).
A Flight Within: Keat&apos;s Nightingale in Light of the Sufis
Author: Ezzeldin, Hend Hamed
Date: 2018-06-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Islam,Poetry,Romanticism,Religious Factors,Literary Styles

Sufism is the mode of religious life in Islam in which emphasis is placed on the activities of the inner self than external rituals and performances. The essence of Sufism lies in its internal transcendental experience. The aim of Sufis is to delve into the human soul and see through its darkness in order to reach the ultimate truth. Sufi poetry is abundant with images that present the human soul as a mystery that could be decrypted via contemplation, meditation, and inner vision. The target of Sufis is to reunite with the Universal Self that is the 'truer' self of every human (i.e. God). Likewise, Romanticism is founded on the doctrine that all creation began in harmonious unity. Romantic poets share Sufis' quest for truth and an illuminating path towards reaching the essence of the Divine. A renowned Romantic poet, John Keats, contrary to his fellow Romantics, never alluded to sharing any interest with the orient or the spirituality it incarnates. However, by attempting a Sufi reading of his poem 'Ode to a Nightingale', this research paper will attempt to highlight the underlying philosophy and uncover the spiritual implications hidden within Keats' ode and propound a solid connection between Sufi and Romantic ideologies.