ethanporcaro/eric-fulltext-meta huggingface dataset:
The Education and Skills Gap: A Global Crisis
Author: Cornelius, Dave
Date: 2011-04-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Educational Attitudes,Occupational Mobility,Migration,Industry,Global Approach,Expectation,Educational Practices,Outcomes of Education,Differences,Work Environment,Time Perspective,Technological Advancement,Best Practices,Educational Change,Job Skills,School Business Relationship,Partnerships in Education

It is like trying to fit a triangular peg into a round hole while both the hole and the peg continually change shape and size. Sound a little crazy? That is just what industry thinks about the current global &quot;one-size-fits-all&quot; concept of education. The perception from business, government and education leaders of 50 nations at the Bahrain 2010 Global Education Conference held last December, is that the global achievement gap between what industry expects and what education delivers is not caused by a lack of content. It is caused by a failure to provide opportunity for creativity, collaboration, context, and practical application. The antiquated assembly line model of education fails to grasp the fact that the prescribed &quot;hole&quot; simply is not shaped like the student &quot;pegs&quot; who are being pushed into it, nor does it resemble the needs of a high-tech, knowledge-based workforce. The problem stems from the fact that institutions mistakenly interpret rigor as adding more difficult coursework rather than demanding mastery of existing content at all levels. They are also mired in an archaic industrial revolution system that fails to deal with the requirements of an agile, pull-oriented, media-rich, and increasingly accessible knowledge-based economy. Productivity is less time and space dependent. Knowledge and information are commodities. Geographic and job mobility have increased. These shifting conditions leave students at all levels feeling increasingly unprepared to meet the challenges of a 21st century workplace. This article looks at concerns, best practices, and an international call to action.
Reflexivity and the Sociology of Science and Technology: The Invention of "Eryc" the Antibiotic
Author: Collyer, Fran
Date: 2011-03-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Sociology,Sciences,Technology,Researchers,Role,Epistemology,Intellectual Property,Science and Society,Reflection,Attitudes

Until recently, the social-technical process of invention has fallen between sociological investigation of the genesis of a new idea (an ideational phenomenon) and the production of a new technology (a material phenomenon). The advent of post-modernism and post-structuralism offered new avenues for theorising invention, accounting for, on the one hand, its material nature, and, on the other, its ideational nature, through the notion of socio-technical ensembles: phenomena constructed through the co-producing, mutually constitutive action of actants (both human and otherwise). This paper argues that despite its potential, theorising within the sociology of science and technology is hampered by insufficient attention to the role of the researcher and the concept and practice of reflexivity. Reflexive practices within this field of knowledge are explored, and drawing on an empirical case study of an antibiotic preparation, a case is made for the necessity of reflexivity in the production of knowledge about invention.
Growing...But Constrained: An Exploration of Teachers' and Researchers' Interactions with Culture and Diversity through Personal Narratives
Author: Hairston, Kimetta R.
Date: 2011-03-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Constructivism (Learning),Masters Programs,Personal Narratives,Researchers,Cultural Differences,Teacher Attitudes,Ethnic Diversity,Interaction,Social Theories,Racial Factors,Graduate Study

Educators from all realms of education who engage in in-depth conversations and reflections about personal experiences and perspectives related to diversity are significantly important to the cultural understandings in Education. This paper is a narrative analysis of how teachers who were enrolled in a Master's Program from two university campuses of the same predominantly White university participated in an in-depth look at their diverse cultural experiences through reflection and dialogue. Two researchers, one African American female utilizing the Critical Race Theory perspective the other Caucasian female using Socio-constructivism, interacted with one another and the teachers' narratives through several personal experiences interchanges. The resulting teacher/research dialogue on culture and diversity revealed how when the constraints of different theoretical frameworks and past encounters with culture and diversity are exposed a space for dialogue on culture and diversity, characterized by growth, opens up.
Sometimes I Am Afraid: An Autoethnography of Resistance and Compliance
Author: Averett, Paige
Date: 2011-03-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Feminism,Fear,Social Work,Assignments,Womens Studies,Ethnography,Resistance (Psychology),Compliance (Psychology),Qualitative Research,Sex Role,Expectation,Critical Theory,Social Science Research,Social Psychology,Locus of Control

Utilizing a feminist autoethnographic stance and method, this article is based upon the dialogues produced by a student completing an assignment for a social work instructor. Various tensions are explored, including the role of autoethnography in both qualitative and feminist research and the role of fear in a woman's life. A critique of the role of culture in the experience of fear as well as the student's use of autoethnography to resist and accept fear is explored. The uses of autoethnography for social workers are also discussed. (Contains 1 footnote.)
The Conflicts between Grounded Theory Requirements and Institutional Requirements for Scientific Research
Author: Luckerhoff, Jason
Date: 2011-03-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Grounded Theory,Scientific Research,Foreign Countries,Sampling,College Faculty,College Students,Researchers,Focus Groups,Comparative Analysis

The authors examined the conflicts between grounded theory (GT) requirements and institutional requirements for scientific research such as they were experienced by researchers and students. The overview of how GT was originally conceived served as background to the analysis of the problems GT users often faced when they submitted research projects to academic or granting committees. Three especially contentious aspects that arose from the data were discussed: the circularity of the general research method, the suspension of references to theoretical frameworks, and theoretical sampling. Participants to this study have explored some possibilities to overcome those conflicts. (Contains 1 footnote.)
Validating the Mexican American Intergenerational Caregiving Model
Author: Escandon, Socorro
Date: 2011-03-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Mexican Americans,Comparative Analysis,Caregivers,Family Relationship,Cultural Influences,Role,Models,Females,Adults,Hispanic Americans,Theories,Older Adults,Parent Child Relationship,Interviews

The purpose of this study was to substantiate and further develop a previously formulated conceptual model of Role Acceptance in Mexican American family caregivers by exploring the theoretical strengths of the model. The sample consisted of women older than 21 years of age who self-identified as Hispanic, were related through consanguinal or acquired kinship ties to an elder, and had provided at least one intermittent service (without pay at least once a month). A comparative analysis method was used to test the existing theory, which consists of four phases: (a) Introduction/Early Caregiving Experiences, (b) Role Reconciliation, (c) Role Imprint, and (d) Providing/Projecting Care. Results substantiated and elaborated all four phases and 14 categories of the existing model. This study provides further evidence that the intergenerational caregiving Role Acceptance model can be used to study Hispanic caregivers in varied geographic locations. It also provides a framework for comparison with other groups of caregivers. In addition, results inform health professionals about the ways in which Hispanic caregivers view caregiving. This information has the potential to increase cultural competence in the delivery of health care to elders and their families. (Contains 3 tables, 1 figure and 3 footnotes.)
The Experiment-Based Knew-It-All-Along Effect in the Qualitative Light of Narrativity
Author: Palasinski, Marek
Date: 2011-03-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Research Methodology,Probability,Qualitative Research,Personal Narratives,Interviews,Vignettes,Cognitive Processes,War,History,College Students,Foreign Countries,Females,Empowerment

In contrast to the extant quantitative studies on the hindsight effect, the present narrative analysis looks at it from a rare angle of talk-in-interaction. Fifty one-to-one interviews were done with five student groups, each of which was presented with a scenario ending with one factual outcome and three alternative outcomes that actually did not happen. Confirming the already proven role of the provided event outcome in overestimating the probability of its occurrence, this study expands the current understanding of the processes neglected by the research on the hindsight effect. It does so by highlighting the strategic use of vagueness, self-empowerment and selective perspective-taking that question the assessment of the past for its own sake and emphasize the importance of self-presentation. (Contains 7 footnotes.)
Revitalization of Indigenous Culture in Child Care Centre
Author: Kulhankova, Jana
Date: 2011-03-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Indigenous Populations,Females,Participant Observation,Foreign Countries,Family Environment,Child Care,Interviews,Child Care Centers,School Activities,Cultural Maintenance,Heritage Education,Community Programs,Parent Education,Program Descriptions

In this study, I address contemporary ways of looking after children and care giving roles women play in today's Aboriginal community in Brisbane, Australia. Data were collected through participant observation and interviews during field work in a family care centre managed by Indigenous women with the staff and their clients. My main contribution is in describing how various activities of the centre, such as parental programmes, women's gatherings, and rites of passage reflect the traditional models of child care and women's position in the family environment and how these models are perpetuated again in the modern urban environment. Furthermore, I present the implications for the contemporary Aboriginal community's understanding of their current culture as dynamic and open to change. (Contains 4 footnotes.)
How People Think about a TV Program: A Q-Methodology Approach
Author: Khoshgooyanfard, Alireza
Date: 2011-03-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Opinions,Research Methodology,Multimedia Materials,Factor Analysis,Television,Q Methodology,Critical Viewing,Films,Educational Television,Instructional Films,Audience Analysis

This paper identifies four viewpoints about a TV program by making use of Q-method. Based on a factor analysis, 35 participants of this study are classified into four groups that each one creates a viewpoint towards the TV program. Each viewpoint is interpreted carefully by using 48 statements representing possible opinions about the TV program. The paper emphasizes that usual research methods like surveys are not as effective as the Q-method for this purpose. This method can help researchers to understand those angles of people's opinions that remain hidden by using a questionnaire or scale. (Contains 3 tables, 3 figures and 1 footnote.)
Descriptions of Difficult Conversations between Native and Non-Native English Speakers: In-Group Membership and Helping Behaviors
Author: Young, Ray
Date: 2011-03-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Group Membership,Speech Communication,Helping Relationship,Native Speakers,English (Second Language),Interpersonal Communication,Undergraduate Students,Questionnaires,Communicative Competence (Languages)

This study illustrated the perceptions of native English speakers about difficult conversations with non-native English speakers. A total of 114 native English speakers enrolled in undergraduate communication courses at a regional state university answered a questionnaire about a recent difficult conversation the respondent had with a non-native English speaker. A thematic analysis of their responses revealed that helping occurred when the non-native speaker was considered to be a customer, in-group member, or &quot;fellow human being.&quot; Helping behavior was characterized by actions that fostered understanding between the interactants and aided the non-native speaker in completion of a task or goal. Non-helping occurred when the non-native speaker was considered to be an out-group member violating role expectations or cultural norms.
Is a Picture Worth a Thousand Words? Using Mind Maps to Facilitate Participant Recall in Qualitative Research
Author: Wheeldon, Johannes
Date: 2011-03-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Qualitative Research,Technical Assistance,Recall (Psychology),Foreign Countries,Comparative Analysis,Cognitive Mapping,Memory,Interviews,Concept Formation

Mind maps may provide a new means to gather unsolicited data through qualitative research designs. In this paper, I explore the utility of mind maps through a project designed to uncover the experiences of Latvians involved in a legal technical assistance project. Based on a sample of 19 respondents, the depth and detail of the responses between the groups were compared. Those who first completed mind maps identified a greater number of unique concepts and provided more in depth responses about their experience in later interviews. Participants suggested that by first completing a mind map, they were better able to recall, organize, and frame their reflections of past experience. The findings of this analysis of using mind maps provide a justification for more detailed exploration about the utility of mind maps for qualitative research designs. (Contains 8 tables, 1 figure and 1 footnote.)
Reflecting on the Methodological Aspects of a Critical Ethnographic Approach Used to Inform Change for Adolescents with Disabilities
Author: Gulati, Sonia
Date: 2011-03-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Rehabilitation Programs,Ethnography,Disabilities,Adolescents,Slums,Foreign Countries,Research Methodology,Disadvantaged Youth,Urban Areas,Poverty,Comparative Analysis,Change Strategies,Cultural Influences,Empowerment,Barriers,Social Responsibility,Interviews,Friendship,Attitudes toward Disabilities

Debate remains about how to effectively obtain information from adolescents with disabilities in marginalized areas and how to apply this knowledge to shape rehabilitation activities. This study explored how to empower adolescents in the urban slums of North India to assume greater control over their rehabilitation within the context of a local community-based rehabilitation program. Participants included 21 adolescents with and 11 adolescents without disability (aged 12 to 18 years), and 10 community-based rehabilitation workers. A critical ethnographic approach was adopted. Fieldwork was conducted from January to May 2005 and October 2006 to March 2007. This paper focuses on the methodological aspects of this study, and how critical ethnography was used to inform positive changes for adolescents with disabilities using their perspectives. (Contains 4 tables, 6 footnotes and 12 figures.)
How I Learned to Design and Conduct Semi-Structured Interviews: An Ongoing and Continuous Journey
Author: Rabionet, Silvia E.
Date: 2011-03-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Interviews,Research Design,Research Methodology,Qualitative Research,Questioning Techniques,Experimenter Characteristics,Evaluation Research

Qualitative interviewing is a flexible and powerful tool to capture the voices and the ways people make meaning of their experience Learning to conduct semi-structure interviews requires the following six stages: (a) selecting the type of interview; (b) establishing ethical guidelines, (c) crafting the interview protocol; (d) conducting and recording the interview; (e) crafting the interview protocol; and (f) reporting the findings. A researcher's personal journey in crafting an interview protocol to interview HIV researchers is summarized. She highlights that training and experience are crucial and identifies some readings that can help in the process.
How to Conduct Ethnographic Research
Author: Sangasubana, Nisaratana
Date: 2011-03-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Student Research,Ethnography,Research Methodology,Data Analysis,Data Collection,Data Processing,Reliability,Validity,Research Problems,Research Needs,Research Design

The purpose of this paper is to describe the process of conducting ethnographic research. Methodology definition and key characteristics are given. The stages of the research process are described including preparation, data gathering and recording, and analysis. Important issues such as reliability and validity are also discussed.
Stressful Life Events and Behavior Change: A Qualitative Examination of African American Women's Participation in a Weight Loss Program
Author: Cox, Tiffany L.
Date: 2011-05-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Intervention,Physical Health,Females,Behavior Modification,Coping,Behavior Change,Stress Variables,Health Behavior,Body Weight,Participation,Life Style,Interviews,Motivation,Eating Habits,African Americans,Stress Management

We qualitatively assessed how life stressors affected African American women's participation in a weight reduction program. A sample of 9 women, who completed a behavioral lifestyle intervention, participated in individual, structured, in-depth interviews. Life stressors, ranging from personal illness to changes in employment status, had varied effects on participation. Some women coped with life stressors by using them as a motivational tool to improve their own health, while others reported limited ability to devote time to attend meetings or engage in the prescribed lifestyle changes due to life stressors. A critical key to improving weight loss outcomes for African American women may be using intervention strategies that teach positive coping skills to alter maladaptive responses to life stressors. (Contains 1 table.)
Mixed Methods Research of Adult Family Care Home Residents and Informal Caregivers
Author: Jeanty, Guy C.
Date: 2011-05-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Residential Care,Caregivers,Qualitative Research,Statistical Analysis,Research Methodology,Older Adults,Research Design,Grounded Theory,Interviews,Observation,Sampling,Probability,Chronic Illness,Daily Living Skills,Family Environment,Depression (Psychology),Stress Variables

This article describes a mixed methods approach used to explore the experiences of adult family care home (AFCH) residents and informal caregivers (IC). A rationale is presented for using a mixed methods approach employing the sequential exploratory design with this poorly researched population. The unique challenges attendant to the sampling strategy with this population, and an iterative approach of data collection and data analysis are discussed. A summary of the data integration process and outcome is presented. (Contains 4 tables and 3 footnotes.)
The Phenomenon of Collaboration: A Phenomenologic Study of Collaboration between Family Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology Departments at an Academic Medical Center
Author: Brown, David R.
Date: 2011-05-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Cooperative Planning,Quality Control,Role,Communication Strategies,Professional Development,Cooperation,Obstetrics,Gynecology,Family Practice (Medicine),Conflict Resolution,Skill Development,Phenomenology,Medicine,Hospitals,Collegiality

Collaboration is essential to manage complex real world problems. We used phenomenologic methods to elaborate a description of collaboration between two departments at an academic medical center who considered their relationship to represent a model of effective collaboration. Key collaborative structures included a shared vision and commitment by leaders, rigorous quality improvement, clear delineation of roles with built-in flexibility, ongoing commitment to formal and informal communication channels and conflict resolution, relationship development grounded in respect and responsiveness, and shared training in a supportive learning environment with legitimate participation fostering skill development. This study reveals the complexity and resources required for collaboration which both explains why collaboration is not as easy to achieve and identifies processes that foster collaboration. (Contains 1 table.)
Dialogic Exchanges and the Negotiation of Differences: Female Graduate Students' Experiences of Obstacles Related to Academic Mentoring
Author: Hayes, Sharon
Date: 2011-05-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Graduate Students,Qualitative Research,Mentors,Focus Groups,Females,Interpersonal Relationship,Interviews,Career Development,Emotional Development,Social Development,Student Attitudes

This study, framed by social constructionism, investigated the dialogic exchanges and co-construction of knowledge among female graduate students, who met to discuss the ways in which the differences between mentors and mentees might be negotiated in order to develop and maintain mentoring relationships that benefit both partners. Ten female graduate students, with qualitative research experience, participated in individual interviews and focus groups. Findings indicated our participants were open to the differences expressed, focusing on commonalities, rather than accentuating or suppressing stated differences. This negotiation of difference enabled our participants to co-construct more complex and legitimate understandings of mentoring. Collectively, our participants expressed a need for mentoring that addressed psychosocial, as well as career functions and mentoring relationships that supported the development of both mentor and mentee as scholars and researchers. (Contains 4 tables and 1 footnote.)
The Vulnerable Researcher: Some Unanticipated Challenges of Doctoral Fieldwork
Author: Ballamingie, Patricia
Date: 2011-05-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Doctoral Programs,Geography,Graduate Students,Field Experience Programs,Qualitative Research,Researchers,Power Structure,Research Methodology,Feminism,Foreign Countries,Indigenous Populations,Social Justice,Cultural Relevance,Environment,Social Science Research,Action Research

This paper draws explicitly on the field experiences of two doctoral researchers in geography to elucidate some of the challenges and issues related to researcher vulnerability that are especially acute for graduate students. In spite of significant differences in context, both researchers experienced an unanticipated degree of professional vulnerability during their doctoral fieldwork that warrants further exploration, including a theoretical interrogation of the complex (and shifting) terrain of power relations within qualitative research projects. This paper addresses the lacuna in the qualitative methodological research literature on the topic of researcher vulnerability (in contrast to the well-developed discussion of participant vulnerability). Throughout, the authors suggest possible strategies for mitigating researcher vulnerability while protecting the overall integrity of the research process. (Contains 1 footnote.)