ethanporcaro/eric-fulltext-meta huggingface dataset:
Predictive Power of School Based Assessment Scores on Students' Achievement in Junior Secondary Certificate Examination (JSCE) in English and Mathematics
Author: Opara, Ijeoma M.
Date: 2015-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Academic Achievement,Secondary School Students,Scores,Foreign Countries,Mathematics Tests,Language Tests,Multiple Regression Analysis,Achievement Tests,Predictive Validity,English

The study investigated the predictive power of school based assessment scores on students' achievement in Junior Secondary Certificate Examination (JSCE) in English and Mathematics. Two hypotheses tested at 0.05 level of significance guided the study. The study adopted an ex-post facto research design. A sample of 250 students were randomly drawn from ten (10) schools out of twenty (20) Junior secondary schools in Obio-Akpor Local Government Area of Rivers State. The instrument used for data collection was titled &quot;Students Academic Record Inventory&quot; (SARI). The instrument involves the students SBA score for JS1, JS2, JS3 and JSCE scores in English and Mathematics. The data generated were analyzed using multiple regression. The result revealed that the combination of the SBA scores significantly predicted students' English and Mathematics achievement in JSCE, and there are relative effectiveness of SBA scores in students' English and Mathematics achievement. Based on the findings of the study, recommendations were made including that school-based assessment should be encouraged and made compulsory for every secondary schools especially in core subjects which include English and Mathematics.
Speed of Lexical Access to Arabic and English Letters
Author: Alasali, Hesham H.
Date: 2015-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Semitic Languages,English,Cultural Differences,Naming,Native Speakers,Lexicology,Alphabets,Task Analysis,Correlation,Cultural Influences,English (Second Language),Long Term Memory,Undergraduate Students,Visual Stimuli,Reaction Time,Foreign Countries

To examining the role of cultural differences in speed of lexical access, we employed two types of Posner (1967) name matching task: Arabic and English types. We have conducted an experiment on 30 native Arabic speakers from King Saud University. The results showed that the lexical access to physically identical letters is faster than lexical access to the nominally identical letters. However, there was a significant effect of task's type in the speed of lexical access. Also, the correlations coefficients varied with task's type. In its entirety, these results suggest that the cultural aspects have a role in the speed of lexical access.
Impact of Nursing Educational Program on Reducing or Preventing Postoperative Complications for Patients after Intracranial Surgery
Author: Elmowla, Rasha Ali Ahmed Abd
Date: 2015-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Surgery,Brain,Nursing Education,Health Promotion,Adults,Patients,Control Groups,Experimental Groups,Program Effectiveness,Knowledge Level,Individual Characteristics,Symptoms (Individual Disorders),Statistical Analysis,Printed Materials,Neurology,Hospitals,Quasiexperimental Design,Foreign Countries

Intracranial surgery means any surgery performed inside the skull to treat problems in the brain and surrounding structures. Aim: Evaluate the impact of nursing educational program on reducing or preventing postoperative complications for patients after intracranial surgery. Subjects and methods: Sixty adult patients had intracranial surgery (burr hole, craniotomy and craniectomy) were included in this study. Their age ranged from 18-65 years old, fully conscious after operation. Patients divided into two groups; control group (30 patients who received routine care) and study group (30 patients who received nursing educational program). Three tools were used for data collection; tool I patient assessment sheet, tool II nursing educational program after intracranial surgery and tool III patient evaluation sheet. Results: A good improvement in total knowledge scores of study group patients after application of nursing educational program. Significant reduction and/or prevention of systemic and neurosurgical postoperative complications for study group patients after application of nursing educational program. Conclusion: Improving patients' knowledge in study group had a favorable effect in reducing or preventing systemic and neurosurgical postoperative complications than in control group. Recommendation: Establishment of health care educational center in neurosurgery department to educate patients about their conditions.
Influence of Monitoring and Evaluation by Principals on Effective Teaching and Learning in Public Secondary Schools in Githunguri District
Author: Ndungu, Beatrice W.
Date: 2015-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Secondary Schools,Public Schools,Principals,Secondary School Students,Secondary School Teachers,Questionnaires,Validity,Reliability,Administrator Role,Lesson Plans,Attendance,Educational Environment,Student Evaluation,Learning,Supervision

The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of monitoring and evaluation on effective teaching and learning in secondary schools in Githunguri district. This study was guided by the following objectives: To establish the effect of lesson preparation, teaching and learning process, monitoring of school attendance for teachers and students impact on teaching and learning process, effect of evaluation process used in schools on effectiveness of teaching and learning and to establish the effect of learning and teaching environment on the effectiveness of teaching and learning. The study adopted survey research design. The study targeted 30 principals, 750 teachers, 150 HODs and 120 class prefects 1 class prefect per stream in the 30 public secondary schools in Githunguri district. The researcher used simple random sampling techniques to sample the 187 respondents. The study had a sample size of 15 principals, 113 teachers, 23 HODs and 36 class prefects; a total sample of 187 respondents. The sampling technique was random. Questionnaires were used for the data collection from the HODs, teachers and class prefects. Interview schedule was used for the principal. Validity of the research instruments was ensured by undertaking a pre-test in 2 schools which were not included in the study. The researcher also discussed the instruments with the supervisor to ascertain there validity. Reliability was ensured through calculating the Cronbach coefficient. The research utilized descriptive analysis of each of the questions asked in the questionnaires presenting them in tables and graphs. There should be improvement on lesson preparation process, the schools should improve on the monitoring of school attendance for teachers and students as it has an impact on teaching and learning process. The finding of the study will provide invaluable insight into the role of monitoring and evaluation by principals on effective teaching and learning in secondary schools. This will help policy makers in formulating policies to guide the monitoring and evaluation process in secondary schools.
Constraints of Implementing Free Secondary Education in Mandera West Sub-County, Mandera County, Kenya
Author: Adan, Mohammed Abdi
Date: 2015-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Secondary Education,Access to Education,Equal Education,Questionnaires,Performance Factors,Influences,Program Implementation,Principals,Administrator Effectiveness,Board of Education Role,Socioeconomic Influences,Time,Barriers,Administrator Surveys,Administrator Attitudes

This study sought to find out the constraints of implementing free secondary education (FSE) in secondary schools in Mandera West Sub-County, Mandera County, Kenya. The study is based on the theory of constraints as the researcher examines the factors constraining the achievement of FSE objectives. The study used the survey design. The main research instrument was the questionnaire. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire was determined before being used for data collection. The main findings of the study were that the management capacity of the principals, time of funds disbursement to schools and parental support affect the implementation of FSE. In addition, while members of Board of Management had a positive influence, the socioeconomic variables impacted negatively on the implementation process. It was concluded the FPE policy was not fully realizing its noble objectives of facilitating access to, and quality education. It was recommended that the Government of Kenya through the Ministry of education should increase the capitation and expedite the process of cash disbursement to the schools. In addition, the principals should not only be subjected to compulsory training in resource management but also the Directorate of Quality Assurance and Standards should increase the frequency of school supervision.
Parental Involvement in Homework and Primary School Academic Performance in Kenya
Author: Echaune, Manasi
Date: 2015-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Homework,Academic Achievement,Parent Participation,Public Schools,Elementary School Students,Questionnaires,Semi Structured Interviews,Parent Surveys,Teacher Surveys,Administrator Surveys,Student Surveys,Regression (Statistics),Helping Relationship,Foreign Countries

The factors associated with students' academic performance may have been addressed but the impact of parental involvement continues to be a significant issue. Some schools in Kenya post poor results amid claims that parents are not supportive. This study examined the effect of parental involvement in homework on academic performance in public primary schools in Teso North Sub County, Busia-Kenya. The objectives were; to establish the types of homework assistance children get from parents, to ascertain the extent of parental involvement in homework and to examine the association between parental involvement in homework and school academic performance. All teachers, head teachers, pupils and parents in public primary schools were targeted. Thirty schools were sampled randomly from where 532 respondents (30 head teachers, 30 parents, 192 teachers and 280 pupils) were then sampled. Parents and head teachers were purposively sampled while teachers and pupils were proportionately sampled. A descriptive survey design was employed and data collected using questionnaires, semi-structured interviews schedules and document analysis. Quantitative data was analyzed using means, percentages and frequencies and qualitative data was reported directly. T-tests, Pearson moment correlation coefficient, and OLS regression coefficients were used to test hypotheses. The results indicate female parents were more willing to assist children in homework. Parents provided limited assistance in areas such as reading, writing and solving difficult sums. Parental involvement in homework positively correlated with school academic performance. The positive effect of parental involvement in homework disappeared when other variables were controlled for. It was concluded that since educational gains of parental involvement are noted and confirmed the significance of parents in educational processes. It was recommended that parents who don't assist children in homework should be sensitized to do so.
Solving the Teacher Shortage Problem in Ghana: Critical Perspectives for Understanding the Issues
Author: Cobbold, Cosmas
Date: 2015-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Teacher Shortage,Change Strategies,Predictor Variables,Teacher Qualifications,Teacher Supply and Demand,Educational Policy,Teacher Recruitment,Teaching Load,Educational Assessment,Educational Change,Barriers,Elementary Secondary Education

The problem of getting sufficient numbers of qualified teachers to staff classrooms is one of the most significant public policy issues facing many countries. In Ghana, the problem of teacher shortage has been a perennial one, necessitated by educational expansion as well as adverse socio-economic and political circumstances, and exacerbated by high attrition rate. Efforts to find a solution are still ongoing. This paper aims to contribute to the search for solutions to the teacher shortage problem in Ghana. The paper takes the view that before education policy makers think about whether to recruit more teachers or retain existing teachers, it is important that they clearly understand the complex nature of the phenomenon of teacher shortage. The paper, therefore, reconceptualises the phenomenon of teacher shortage, clarifying it by disentangling and explicating its constituent variables. It also discusses various policy options for addressing teacher shortages, and indicates the implications of those options for teaching quality and teacher status. The ultimate objective is to provide a framework for analysing the problem of teacher shortage in a more critical way so that any interventions would be more focused and appropriately targeted.
The Impact of Escape Alternative Position Change in Multiple-Choice Test on the Psychometric Properties of a Test and Its Items Parameters
Author: Hamadneh, Iyad Mohammed
Date: 2015-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Multiple Choice Tests,Psychometrics,Test Items,Item Response Theory,Difficulty Level,Guessing (Tests),Achievement Tests,Statistical Analysis,Statistical Significance,Test Validity,Reliability,Goodness of Fit,Foreign Countries,College Students

This study aimed at investigating the impact changing of escape alternative position in multiple-choice test on the psychometric properties of a test and it's items parameters (difficulty, discrimination &amp; guessing), and estimation of examinee ability. To achieve the study objectives, a 4-alternative multiple choice type achievement test consisting of 39 items in psychological and educational measurement and evaluation was constructed. The test had four different forms according to the escape alternative position. The statistical software Bilog-MG3 was used to analyze the responses of the total sample (1521) examinees according to the three parameter logistic model (3PLM) of item response theory (IRT). The results of the study revealed that there were statistically significant differences in the means of item parameters (difficulty &amp; discrimination) between the first and the fourth forms, due to the changing of escape alternative position; the differences were in favor of the four form. The results also showed there were statistically significant differences in the means of examinee ability between the first and the fourth forms, due to the changing of escape alternative position; the differences were in favor of the fourth form, and there were no statistically significant differences between other forms. The results also revealed there were statistically significant differences among criterion validity coefficients in favor of form four of the test. Finally, significant differences were noticed in the value of empirical reliability coefficients in favor of the fourth form.
Classroom Challenges: Working with Pupils with Communication Disorders
Author: Zebron, Shupikai
Date: 2015-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Communication Disorders,Classroom Techniques,Literature Reviews,Content Analysis,Accessibility (for Disabled),Inclusion,Definitions,Teaching Methods,Learning Processes,Barriers,Classification,Student Characteristics,Change Strategies,Educational Practices

The challenge of actively involving students with communication disorders in the formal education systems prompted this desktop study on some of the challenges and problems associated with students with communication disorders in the classroom. This paper examines the relationship between communication disorders and learning from a very basic and simplified point of view. The intention is not to get deep into the jargon of disability studies, but to assist teachers in having basic understanding of pupils with communication disorders so that they also actively engage them in their teaching approaches. As such, the paper does not claim to be a professional and expert point of reference. It is derived from and built on simple desktop literature study and document analysis. The thrust of the paper is simply to make sure that students with communication disorders are fully and actively involved in their classroom learning activities. It argues that teaching and learning are two sides of the same coin. We thus conclude that when people talk about teachers' effectiveness, they are talking about actual student learning. Generally there are as many teaching and learning methods as there are teachers. These have been grouped into basically two philosophies of teaching and learning: the traditional teacher-centred philosophy and the contemporary student-centred philosophy. In the modern world, the most accepted criterion for measuring good teaching is the rate and level of learning taking place among students. It has been established that people largely learn by doing, hence the widely accepted belief that between the above two philosophies, the student centred approach is the best. This paper argues that, if this is the case, then there is a risk of students with communication disorders being excluded from effective learning that goes on, unless measures are taken to make sure they are fully and actively involved in the learning process.
Planning to Teach: Interrogating the Link among the Curricula, the Syllabi, Schemes and Lesson Plans in the Teaching Process
Author: Musingafi, Maxwell C. C.
Date: 2015-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Teaching Methods,Lesson Plans,Curriculum Development,Course Descriptions,Learning Processes,Educational Practices,Media Selection,Observation,Learning Experience,Educational Philosophy,Secondary School Curriculum,Instructional Design,Foreign Countries

This paper was triggered by the confusion in learning institutions where most teachers and their students cannot distinguish between curriculum and syllabus. In a preliminary informal discussion with seven seasoned teachers and five pre-service student teachers at one of the secondary schools in Masvingo Rural the writers established that most teachers could not distinguish between the terms curriculum and syllabus. Yet they have passed through teachers training programme at college or university. The paper is based on the philosophy that teaching and learning are highly complex and pervasive phenomena, and therefore in a formal setting they have to be well structured for efficiency and effectiveness. A successful formal teaching and learning process, thus, requires proper selection and arrangement of the teaching items or materials. Selection and sequencing of learning content and methodologies thereof take place in the curriculum, syllabus, scheme of work and lesson plan stages. Thus, this paper argues that the distinction between these educational terms is largely on the degree of generalness, specificity and the stage at which it occurs.
An Assessment of Different Educational Background of Students Performance in Engineering Mathematics and on the Class of Award Obtained at the Higher National Diploma (HND) Level at Cape Coast Polytechnic, Ghana
Author: Asirifi, Michael Kwabena
Date: 2015-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,College Students,Engineering Education,Mathematics Education,Student Surveys,Correlation,Mathematics Achievement,Academic Degrees,Educational Background,Measures (Individuals)

The purpose of this research article is to find out an assessment of different educational background of students performance in engineering mathematics and on the class of award obtained at the Higher National Diploma (HND) level at Cape Coast Polytechnic. A descriptive survey was conducted on students of the Electricals/Electronics Department who graduated in each year from 2007 to 2011. A sample of ten (10) students was randomly selected from those who graduated with SSS, and ten (10) from Non-SSS background, constituting a total of twenty (20) students from each graduation year. In all, one hundred (100) graduated students were selected from 2007 to 2011 for the study. A secondary data consisted of information on student's Department entry requirement, class assessment result, end-of-semester examination result for engineering mathematics and the class of award obtained were collected from the department. Correlation coefficient (Pearson's product moment) was used for the analysis. The study revealed that the students' educational background of study has effect on their performance in Engineering Mathematics, and also on the class of award obtained.
The Relationship between Board of Management's Involvement in the Recruitment Process and Their Levels of Education: A Case of Public Secondary Schools in Wareng Sub County in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya
Author: Wainaina, Isabellah Wanjiku
Date: 2015-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Secondary Schools,Public Schools,Secondary School Teachers,Administrator Surveys,Teacher Surveys,Questionnaires,Interviews,Teacher Recruitment,School Administration,Demography,Teacher Characteristics

Boards of Managements (B.O.M) carry with them the success or failure of the schools' management. The success of B.O.M is portrayed through good academic performance and high discipline standards in schools. Poor management on the other hand, may lead to the dissolution of the Board and nomination of another to manage the school. Performance of the B.O.M may be as a result of their training levels and acquired skills. This study therefore sought to categorize education levels of B.O.M in Wareng Sub County in relation to their involvement in the recruitment process. The study employed a descriptive survey design. The study population included head teachers/principals, members of Board of Managements, Education Officers, teachers and Support Staff. Simple random sampling was used to obtain 12 schools out of the total 24 public schools in Wareng Sub County. A total of 12 head teachers, 7 school bursars and three District Education Officers were purposively included in the study. Simple random sampling was used to select 50 teachers and 43 B.O.M members from the schools selected. Data was collected by the use of questionnaires and interview schedules and analysed by use of descriptive statistics. The study established that majority of the B.O.M members were holders of Diploma and Secondary Education Certificate. It was also established that B.O.M were often engaged in the selection of teachers and recruitment of non- teaching staff, promotion and discipline of support staff, motivation of teachers and disciplining of errant teachers. The study is expected to enrich Board of Management's induction and training programmes in order to improve the quality of school management in Wareng Sub County.
Learning Value at Senior High School Al-Kautsar Lampung for the Formation of Character
Author: Anwar, Chairul
Date: 2015-00-00
Type: Journal Articles
Subjects: Foreign Countries,Religion Studies,Islam,Values Education,Personality Development,Moral Development,Moral Values,High School Students,Qualitative Research,Interviews,Observation,School Orientation,Enrichment Activities,Extracurricular Activities,Educational Practices,Learning Activities

Globalization process went very quickly and move brings tremendous impact and implications for life, including educational institutions. Objectively, students in public schools and private are increasingly far deviated from the values of religious and moral values, the brawl between students, pornography and pornographic, played by students, abuse of narcotics and drugs, as well as delinquency in the streets. But ironically, the institution is still oriented towards science alone, and still less emphasis on the formation of attitudes and behaviors. This study aims to reveal the value of the learning process in the neighborhood of &quot;Al-Kautsar&quot; Lampung high school for students of character formation. Learning the value of carried through the eyes of Islamic Religious Studies supported by two main activities, including extracurricular activities and activities to improve learning achievement.