1t2j_0LLNXM-00000-00001104-00001253 [Music]
1t2j_0LLNXM-00001-00001254-00001648 um but uh let's say the number is 64.
1t2j_0LLNXM-00002-00001650-00001843 00
1t2j_0LLNXM-00003-00001844-00002092 today we're going to talk we're going to
1t2j_0LLNXM-00004-00002093-00002249 talk about TBD which we started a little
1t2j_0LLNXM-00005-00002250-00002410 bit last time
1t2j_0LLNXM-00006-00002411-00002597 um and then we'll talk about benefits
1t2j_0LLNXM-00007-00002598-00002776 law and Gentiles I'm not sure how much
1t2j_0LLNXM-00008-00002777-00003005 that we'll get into today
1t2j_0LLNXM-00009-00003006-00003137 um
1t2j_0LLNXM-00010-00003138-00003383 so midterm grades uh see you later this
1t2j_0LLNXM-00011-00003384-00003472 week
1t2j_0LLNXM-00012-00003473-00003713 um as uh
1t2j_0LLNXM-00013-00003714-00003845 that's why I don't I don't understand
1t2j_0LLNXM-00014-00003846-00004013 why I don't always just write an auto
1t2j_0LLNXM-00015-00004014-00004217 grader but using the assignment
1t2j_0LLNXM-00016-00004218-00004511 mechanism in uh Gradebook did not work
1t2j_0LLNXM-00017-00004512-00004769 as well I would like so uh there's more
1t2j_0LLNXM-00018-00004770-00004936 manual grading than we were hoping for
1t2j_0LLNXM-00019-00004937-00005170 uh so that's going to take it like I
1t2j_0LLNXM-00020-00005171-00005351 said later this week
1t2j_0LLNXM-00021-00005352-00005783 so to get started DVD again not the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00022-00005784-00005986 Vampire Diaries
1t2j_0LLNXM-00023-00005987-00006143 um but this is we talked a little bit
1t2j_0LLNXM-00024-00006144-00006311 about this last time so basically
1t2j_0LLNXM-00025-00006312-00006491 looking at the automated accounting very
1t2j_0LLNXM-00026-00006492-00006605 rules
1t2j_0LLNXM-00027-00006606-00006953 um so we have the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00028-00006954-00007234 sorry can you all hear that it's not
1t2j_0LLNXM-00029-00007236-00007367 just mad
1t2j_0LLNXM-00030-00007368-00007456 um
1t2j_0LLNXM-00031-00007458-00007745 so we have eligible series jurors in a
1t2j_0LLNXM-00032-00007745-00007870 county and the list available for
1t2j_0LLNXM-00033-00007872-00008063 residents and we create a dirty panel
1t2j_0LLNXM-00034-00008064-00008303 from there we created Fury uh and so
1t2j_0LLNXM-00035-00008304-00008560 what we need to do though is make sure
1t2j_0LLNXM-00036-00008561-00008717 that the people are actually being
1t2j_0LLNXM-00037-00008718-00008981 selected at random and so the way we can
1t2j_0LLNXM-00038-00008982-00009209 do that is by using a little bit of
1t2j_0LLNXM-00039-00009210-00009371 python
1t2j_0LLNXM-00040-00009372-00009721 um
1t2j_0LLNXM-00041-00009722-00010019 Okay so
1t2j_0LLNXM-00042-00010020-00010228 the first thing we're going to do is I'm
1t2j_0LLNXM-00043-00010229-00010427 going to kind of tell you that the way
1t2j_0LLNXM-00044-00010428-00010774 the ethnic makeup of this County was at
1t2j_0LLNXM-00045-00010775-00010913 this time
1t2j_0LLNXM-00046-00010914-00011255 um in whatever 164 I think
1t2j_0LLNXM-00047-00011256-00011477 um looked like this so basically 15
1t2j_0LLNXM-00048-00011478-00011831 we're Asian 18 of the black 12 were
1t2j_0LLNXM-00049-00011832-00012227 Latino 54 white and then 0.1 percent or
1t2j_0LLNXM-00050-00012228-00012460 sorry one percent or other
1t2j_0LLNXM-00051-00012461-00012767 um and so when we want to look at that
1t2j_0LLNXM-00052-00012768-00013408 uh so so let me just kind of shows
1t2j_0LLNXM-00053-00013409-00013625 um so we end up just kind of creating a
1t2j_0LLNXM-00054-00013626-00013744 table that looks like that so we can
1t2j_0LLNXM-00055-00013745-00013991 kind of see what we're talking about uh
1t2j_0LLNXM-00056-00013991-00014129 and the reason is we want to be able to
1t2j_0LLNXM-00057-00014130-00014411 compare this uh to the tables themselves
1t2j_0LLNXM-00058-00014412-00014801 so if we look at the blue here what
1t2j_0LLNXM-00059-00014802-00014969 we're seeing is that this is the makeup
1t2j_0LLNXM-00060-00014969-00015316 we expect okay and the yellow is the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00061-00015318-00015580 makeup of the actual drawer against okay
1t2j_0LLNXM-00062-00015581-00015827 and as you can see there might be some
1t2j_0LLNXM-00063-00015828-00016091 disparities there right so what we want
1t2j_0LLNXM-00064-00016091-00016205 to know it's kind of like that other
1t2j_0LLNXM-00065-00016206-00016499 example we talked about is like how how
1t2j_0LLNXM-00066-00016500-00016817 different is it right because is it
1t2j_0LLNXM-00067-00016818-00017147 possible due to chance or is this so far
1t2j_0LLNXM-00068-00017148-00017429 out in the field or so far of an outlier
1t2j_0LLNXM-00069-00017430-00017861 that uh it's really really enlightened
1t2j_0LLNXM-00070-00017862-00018155 so the way we can do that
1t2j_0LLNXM-00071-00018156-00018419 if we create our model like we were
1t2j_0LLNXM-00072-00018420-00018683 talking about okay and then we can
1t2j_0LLNXM-00073-00018684-00019000 create our Barrel right based on that
1t2j_0LLNXM-00074-00019001-00019283 model and so we end up with this uh
1t2j_0LLNXM-00075-00019284-00019522 simulated example so we just say example
1t2j_0LLNXM-00076-00019523-00019744 working again but this time we're going
1t2j_0LLNXM-00077-00019745-00020099 to say okay I want 1423 because that's
1t2j_0LLNXM-00078-00020100-00020357 how many during were in all the panels
1t2j_0LLNXM-00079-00020358-00020483 okay
1t2j_0LLNXM-00080-00020484-00020699 um and so and then we're going to use
1t2j_0LLNXM-00081-00020700-00021058 our model to distribute the colors of
1t2j_0LLNXM-00082-00021059-00021293 the uh marbles that we have in our Bear
1t2j_0LLNXM-00083-00021294-00021514 right so remember it's an infinite sized
1t2j_0LLNXM-00084-00021515-00021767 Barrel but we know the ratio of all the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00085-00021768-00021977 different colors in the barrel so then
1t2j_0LLNXM-00086-00021978-00022253 we can say Okay pull 1400 of those out
1t2j_0LLNXM-00087-00022254-00022528 and now we have what should be a random
1t2j_0LLNXM-00088-00022529-00022853 distribution so we should right in a
1t2j_0LLNXM-00089-00022854-00022997 perfect world it would come out to be
1t2j_0LLNXM-00090-00022998-00023213 exactly the same distribution but it's
1t2j_0LLNXM-00091-00023214-00023578 likely it's going to be near it right
1t2j_0LLNXM-00092-00023579-00023771 so let's just one
1t2j_0LLNXM-00093-00023772-00023975 and so we're going to throw that we're
1t2j_0LLNXM-00094-00023976-00024143 going to throw that into our table as
1t2j_0LLNXM-00095-00024144-00024450 well and then look at oops a bar chart
1t2j_0LLNXM-00096-00024451-00024791 of now our simulation and so what you
1t2j_0LLNXM-00097-00024792-00024983 should notice here right is that the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00098-00024984-00025150 blue bar or the sorry the light blue
1t2j_0LLNXM-00099-00025151-00025355 bars at the bottom and the dark blue
1t2j_0LLNXM-00100-00025356-00025817 bars at the top uh are very close right
1t2j_0LLNXM-00101-00025818-00026087 um they're going to not be perfect a lot
1t2j_0LLNXM-00102-00026088-00026218 of the time right like this one here
1t2j_0LLNXM-00103-00026219-00026458 because of that random chance right all
1t2j_0LLNXM-00104-00026460-00026614 I do is reach into the barrel and pull
1t2j_0LLNXM-00105-00026616-00026867 out some marbles and this is kind of
1t2j_0LLNXM-00106-00026868-00026999 what I ended up with
1t2j_0LLNXM-00107-00027000-00027281 right so that's what we expect but we
1t2j_0LLNXM-00108-00027282-00027485 also notice that the yellow which was
1t2j_0LLNXM-00109-00027486-00027814 the real world does not look like them
1t2j_0LLNXM-00110-00027816-00028031 oops well done
1t2j_0LLNXM-00111-00028032-00028379 all right so going back to our slides
1t2j_0LLNXM-00112-00028380-00028577 so what we want to do is we want to say
1t2j_0LLNXM-00113-00028577-00028835 okay hey this is the kind of problem
1t2j_0LLNXM-00114-00028836-00029099 that we can apply this rule set to which
1t2j_0LLNXM-00115-00029100-00029302 is that with the people of the panels
1t2j_0LLNXM-00116-00029304-00029464 are multiple ethnicity so we have
1t2j_0LLNXM-00117-00029466-00029795 multiple groups okay and then the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00118-00029795-00029987 distribution of those ethnicities is
1t2j_0LLNXM-00119-00029988-00030233 categorical and so what we wanted to
1t2j_0LLNXM-00120-00030233-00030539 find out the distance between those two
1t2j_0LLNXM-00121-00030539-00030767 categorical distributions right does
1t2j_0LLNXM-00122-00030768-00030952 that make sense I think so like if you
1t2j_0LLNXM-00123-00030954-00031102 look at it from the picture perspective
1t2j_0LLNXM-00124-00031104-00031355 it's like we want to find a way to
1t2j_0LLNXM-00125-00031356-00031477 measure
1t2j_0LLNXM-00126-00031477-00031846 how far away the yellow is from the dark
1t2j_0LLNXM-00127-00031847-00032074 blue or the yellow is from the light
1t2j_0LLNXM-00128-00032075-00032170 blue
1t2j_0LLNXM-00129-00032172-00032435 to kind of say hey this is how far away
1t2j_0LLNXM-00130-00032436-00032818 it is because then we can say oh you
1t2j_0LLNXM-00131-00032819-00032945 know we can throw it on that graph like
1t2j_0LLNXM-00132-00032946-00033161 we did before and here's the you know
1t2j_0LLNXM-00133-00033162-00033461 the Red Dot is a far outside of the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00134-00033462-00033702 range or is it kind of an in-range
1t2j_0LLNXM-00135-00033703-00034145 but we need a way to measure the um
1t2j_0LLNXM-00136-00034146-00034385 uh of all the distance between the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00137-00034386-00034523 distributions and therefore we use the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00138-00034524-00034781 DVD Port so we use the total variation
1t2j_0LLNXM-00139-00034782-00034955 distance
1t2j_0LLNXM-00140-00034956-00035207 so for each category we compute the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00141-00035208-00035387 difference of proportions between the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00142-00035388-00035585 two distributions then we take the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00143-00035586-00035795 absolute value of each difference we'd
1t2j_0LLNXM-00144-00035796-00035987 sum it and then we divide the sum by two
1t2j_0LLNXM-00145-00035988-00036167 okay so we talked about that a little
1t2j_0LLNXM-00146-00036168-00036281 bit last time
1t2j_0LLNXM-00147-00036282-00036773 but now we will demo it
1t2j_0LLNXM-00148-00036774-00037007 so
1t2j_0LLNXM-00149-00037008-00037223 this is just kind of a reference or like
1t2j_0LLNXM-00150-00037224-00037361 kind of background
1t2j_0LLNXM-00151-00037362-00038112 s
1t2j_0LLNXM-00152-00038113-00038915 Okay so
1t2j_0LLNXM-00153-00038916-00039124 oh I forgot I forgot to sell in the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00154-00039125-00039274 prior section
1t2j_0LLNXM-00155-00039275-00039340 um
1t2j_0LLNXM-00156-00039341-00039599 so
1t2j_0LLNXM-00157-00039600-00039845 it's weird I have a I have a bug in my
1t2j_0LLNXM-00158-00039846-00040199 slides directly okay so before you kind
1t2j_0LLNXM-00159-00040200-00040367 of look at those gifts so here's how we
1t2j_0LLNXM-00160-00040368-00040577 do it for the prior example
1t2j_0LLNXM-00161-00040578-00041123 so we would say Theory uh column
1t2j_0LLNXM-00162-00041124-00041405 and we say panels okay because remember
1t2j_0LLNXM-00163-00041406-00041752 we made that table up here that has all
1t2j_0LLNXM-00164-00041753-00042112 our various panels and then we want to
1t2j_0LLNXM-00165-00042113-00042415 subtract that from the jury
1t2j_0LLNXM-00166-00042416-00042799 following an eligible
1t2j_0LLNXM-00167-00042800-00043030 spell that correctly
1t2j_0LLNXM-00168-00043031-00043211 and then
1t2j_0LLNXM-00169-00043212-00043517 we can actually make a new column of the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00170-00043518-00043601 difference
1t2j_0LLNXM-00171-00043602-00043733 Okay so
1t2j_0LLNXM-00172-00043734-00043967 what I did when I took the one column
1t2j_0LLNXM-00173-00043968-00044105 and subtracted from the other column
1t2j_0LLNXM-00174-00044106-00044333 that I used the column uh method which
1t2j_0LLNXM-00175-00044334-00044489 we'll give back an array so I can take
1t2j_0LLNXM-00176-00044490-00044674 two arrays and subtract them from each
1t2j_0LLNXM-00177-00044675-00044890 other which means subtract each element
1t2j_0LLNXM-00178-00044891-00045143 from each other and produce a new array
1t2j_0LLNXM-00179-00045144-00045412 of just the results okay then I take
1t2j_0LLNXM-00180-00045413-00045599 that new array of just the results and I
1t2j_0LLNXM-00181-00045600-00045839 throw it on the table using the poem is
1t2j_0LLNXM-00182-00045840-00046085 called difference okay so so that's the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00183-00046086-00046258 difference or something it's a distance
1t2j_0LLNXM-00184-00046259-00046607 between our eligible and our panels okay
1t2j_0LLNXM-00185-00046608-00046883 and again we're just trying to get to
1t2j_0LLNXM-00186-00046884-00047158 like a useful number here right because
1t2j_0LLNXM-00187-00047159-00047308 so I was going to say in the last
1t2j_0LLNXM-00188-00047309-00047567 selector we don't actually care what the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00189-00047568-00047867 number is per se we care that we can
1t2j_0LLNXM-00190-00047868-00048143 measure a distance a consistent way to
1t2j_0LLNXM-00191-00048144-00048683 say is this thing oops or is it false
1t2j_0LLNXM-00192-00048684-00048874 all right so continuing and ignoring
1t2j_0LLNXM-00193-00048875-00049121 that slides directed we're going to make
1t2j_0LLNXM-00194-00049122-00049283 a little function that will calculate
1t2j_0LLNXM-00195-00049284-00049673 the TV for us okay so
1t2j_0LLNXM-00196-00049674-00049865 what should I put here
1t2j_0LLNXM-00197-00049866-00050045 they may remember from the side of it
1t2j_0LLNXM-00198-00050046-00050183 here
1t2j_0LLNXM-00199-00050184-00050351 yeah
1t2j_0LLNXM-00200-00050352-00050668 um that's just one of us I'm just two
1t2j_0LLNXM-00201-00050669-00050879 divided by two
1t2j_0LLNXM-00202-00050880-00051179 uh close
1t2j_0LLNXM-00203-00051180-00051466 um so just one minus
1t2j_0LLNXM-00204-00051467-00051719 this too right
1t2j_0LLNXM-00205-00051720-00051904 um and then divided by two but we forgot
1t2j_0LLNXM-00206-00051905-00052151 oh no that's right uh and then we forgot
1t2j_0LLNXM-00207-00052152-00052349 one quick step which is that we want to
1t2j_0LLNXM-00208-00052350-00053165 sum those routines
1t2j_0LLNXM-00209-00053166-00053357 okay so now we have a function I'll
1t2j_0LLNXM-00210-00053358-00053500 actually calculate that total variation
1t2j_0LLNXM-00211-00053501-00053704 difference so going back to the slide
1t2j_0LLNXM-00212-00053705-00053975 for a second so for each category you
1t2j_0LLNXM-00213-00053976-00054166 can do the difference of proportions so
1t2j_0LLNXM-00214-00054167-00054353 that's that subtraction then you take
1t2j_0LLNXM-00215-00054354-00054515 the absolute value of this of the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00216-00054516-00054744 difference okay so if we go back here
1t2j_0LLNXM-00217-00054745-00055157 instead of using uh negative point one
1t2j_0LLNXM-00218-00055158-00055415 right we're going to use 0.1
1t2j_0LLNXM-00219-00055416-00055637 and then we're going to sum that and
1t2j_0LLNXM-00220-00055638-00055829 then we're going to divide into the sum
1t2j_0LLNXM-00221-00055829-00055991 by two
1t2j_0LLNXM-00222-00055991-00056254 okay
1t2j_0LLNXM-00223-00056255-00056644 so now we have what's called our
1t2j_0LLNXM-00224-00056645-00056897 observed DVD so
1t2j_0LLNXM-00225-00056898-00057161 here here's our single number that kind
1t2j_0LLNXM-00226-00057162-00057335 of represents the difference
1t2j_0LLNXM-00227-00057336-00057575 so now we say okay from the panels and
1t2j_0LLNXM-00228-00057576-00057838 the eligible this is what we actually
1t2j_0LLNXM-00229-00057839-00058097 saw in practice or the ACLU saw in
1t2j_0LLNXM-00230-00058098-00058337 practice in La accounting
1t2j_0LLNXM-00231-00058338-00058800 um and it was a distance of 0.14 okay so
1t2j_0LLNXM-00232-00058801-00059050 numbers often don't really mean in any
1t2j_0LLNXM-00233-00059051-00059254 certain context right so
1t2j_0LLNXM-00234-00059255-00059537 um so oh yay right is the right answer
1t2j_0LLNXM-00235-00059538-00059729 for that number so what we want to do
1t2j_0LLNXM-00236-00059729-00060011 now is we're going to start to test is
1t2j_0LLNXM-00237-00060012-00060263 that number close or far
1t2j_0LLNXM-00238-00060264-00060473 in terms of distance between the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00239-00060474-00060709 eligible and the panelists themselves
1t2j_0LLNXM-00240-00060710-00060965 because we know we kind of know all the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00241-00060966-00061271 inputs right so we can we can sample we
1t2j_0LLNXM-00242-00061272-00061438 can simulate
1t2j_0LLNXM-00243-00061439-00061499 um
1t2j_0LLNXM-00244-00061500-00062544 what it including out there right
1t2j_0LLNXM-00245-00062545-00062992 so we're going to do one example okay
1t2j_0LLNXM-00246-00062994-00063316 um and so we run our sample proportions
1t2j_0LLNXM-00247-00063317-00063641 okay with what we pass it into CBD so
1t2j_0LLNXM-00248-00063641-00063832 this is we're just kind of passing them
1t2j_0LLNXM-00249-00063833-00064066 together so we're going to say okay pull
1t2j_0LLNXM-00250-00064067-00064307 one set of marbles out of the barrel and
1t2j_0LLNXM-00251-00064308-00064541 then compare it to eligible and then
1t2j_0LLNXM-00252-00064541-00064811 calculate that distance and here we see
1t2j_0LLNXM-00253-00064812-00065038 0.02
1t2j_0LLNXM-00254-00065039-00065369 okay between this one random sample and
1t2j_0LLNXM-00255-00065370-00065663 uh and uh what what is the perfect
1t2j_0LLNXM-00256-00065664-00065944 proportion right so that's not real
1t2j_0LLNXM-00257-00065945-00066329 close to that number probably
1t2j_0LLNXM-00258-00066330-00066538 not that I cheated and know what the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00259-00066539-00066815 outcome was going to be all right so now
1t2j_0LLNXM-00260-00066816-00067019 we want to make a function right or uh
1t2j_0LLNXM-00261-00067020-00067217 sorry we want to kind of do a block that
1t2j_0LLNXM-00262-00067218-00067331 will
1t2j_0LLNXM-00263-00067332-00067553 um kind of do that work for so the first
1t2j_0LLNXM-00264-00067554-00067643 thing I'm going to do is actually
1t2j_0LLNXM-00265-00067644-00067865 simulate the CBD so I'm going to take
1t2j_0LLNXM-00266-00067866-00068147 that prior line and then call it with
1t2j_0LLNXM-00267-00068148-00068326 the sample proportions if I did before
1t2j_0LLNXM-00268-00068327-00068482 except
1t2j_0LLNXM-00269-00068483-00068650 um on the I'm going to kind of simulate
1t2j_0LLNXM-00270-00068651-00068956 the whole GED calculation versus the TVD
1t2j_0LLNXM-00271-00068957-00069232 function which it did at one time
1t2j_0LLNXM-00272-00069233-00069443 um and so then we will make an array of
1t2j_0LLNXM-00273-00069444-00069755 all the tvds right and then we do kind
1t2j_0LLNXM-00274-00069756-00069976 of the same thing we've been doing but
1t2j_0LLNXM-00275-00069977-00070126 let me ensure I get my variable names
1t2j_0LLNXM-00276-00070127-00070265 right
1t2j_0LLNXM-00277-00070266-00070750 um
1t2j_0LLNXM-00278-00070751-00070925 so we're just going to call our
1t2j_0LLNXM-00279-00070926-00071663 simulated tdd
1t2j_0LLNXM-00280-00071664-00071873 and we're just going to append it to
1t2j_0LLNXM-00281-00071874-00072311 this array so DVDs dot append
1t2j_0LLNXM-00282-00072312-00072365 [Music]
1t2j_0LLNXM-00283-00072366-00072449 um
1t2j_0LLNXM-00284-00072450-00072645 human beings
1t2j_0LLNXM-00285-00072646-00072994 [Music]
1t2j_0LLNXM-00286-00072995-00073181 okay so that's going to take a minute to
1t2j_0LLNXM-00287-00073182-00074155 run right okay everybody
1t2j_0LLNXM-00288-00074156-00074531 oh sorry yeah you're right
1t2j_0LLNXM-00289-00074532-00074629 um
1t2j_0LLNXM-00290-00074630-00074879 that's different languages mixing in my
1t2j_0LLNXM-00291-00074880-00075106 head
1t2j_0LLNXM-00292-00075107-00075413 okay so something you have an actual
1t2j_0LLNXM-00293-00075414-00075850 output no okay so uh so now we're gonna
1t2j_0LLNXM-00294-00075851-00076019 we're gonna take the kind of data we
1t2j_0LLNXM-00295-00076020-00076223 just generated I'm going to throw that
1t2j_0LLNXM-00296-00076224-00076679 into a way to to new right and so now
1t2j_0LLNXM-00297-00076680-00076967 our observed TBD which I really appear
1t2j_0LLNXM-00298-00076968-00077147 out how to get rid of so oh I can do
1t2j_0LLNXM-00299-00077148-00077291 this again
1t2j_0LLNXM-00300-00077292-00077419 um
1t2j_0LLNXM-00301-00077420-00077921 so our observed TBD was 0.14 right and
1t2j_0LLNXM-00302-00077922-00078125 here is 10 I think it was 10 000
1t2j_0LLNXM-00303-00078126-00078275 simulations
1t2j_0LLNXM-00304-00078276-00078767 um and what we see here
1t2j_0LLNXM-00305-00078768-00079115 okay
1t2j_0LLNXM-00306-00079116-00079750 where is where is our observed tdd
1t2j_0LLNXM-00307-00079751-00080549 here it is
1t2j_0LLNXM-00308-00080550-00080803 the third bin
1t2j_0LLNXM-00309-00080804-00081256 uh nope you mean here they are is it
1t2j_0LLNXM-00310-00081257-00081521 third that's the fourth thing the one on
1t2j_0LLNXM-00311-00081522-00081935 the left okay so now
1t2j_0LLNXM-00312-00081936-00082541 what what is that number
1t2j_0LLNXM-00313-00082542-00083021 0.14 right because it's way over there
1t2j_0LLNXM-00314-00083022-00083321 right because that's only 0.01 and this
1t2j_0LLNXM-00315-00083322-00083717 goes only up to whatever well 0.05 right
1t2j_0LLNXM-00316-00083718-00084017 uh it's way over there somewhere
1t2j_0LLNXM-00317-00084018-00084665 such very far away
1t2j_0LLNXM-00318-00084666-00085067 Okay so
1t2j_0LLNXM-00319-00085068-00085312 so basically kind of the Crux of that
1t2j_0LLNXM-00320-00085313-00085643 story right is that we can use these two
1t2j_0LLNXM-00321-00085644-00085859 categories that but we can measure the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00322-00085860-00086056 distance between these categories by
1t2j_0LLNXM-00323-00086057-00086675 using this TBD calculation
1t2j_0LLNXM-00324-00086676-00086788 all right
1t2j_0LLNXM-00325-00086789-00087143 so why is that interesting because at
1t2j_0LLNXM-00326-00087144-00087262 the end of the day what we're really
1t2j_0LLNXM-00327-00087263-00087538 trying to do is create a set of tools
1t2j_0LLNXM-00328-00087539-00087803 that we are aware of that we can use to
1t2j_0LLNXM-00329-00087804-00088067 actually do hypothesis tests okay so we
1t2j_0LLNXM-00330-00088068-00088294 talk about this as hypothesis testing or
1t2j_0LLNXM-00331-00088295-00088505 a B testing or whatever you want to call
1t2j_0LLNXM-00332-00088506-00088588 it
1t2j_0LLNXM-00333-00088589-00088726 um there's a bunch of other names for it
1t2j_0LLNXM-00334-00088727-00088991 but we have our null hypothesis which is
1t2j_0LLNXM-00335-00088992-00089243 usually the thing we can test and then
1t2j_0LLNXM-00336-00089244-00089476 the alternative hypothesis which is the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00337-00089477-00089681 opposite so it's really important that
1t2j_0LLNXM-00338-00089682-00090005 you make sure that they completely are
1t2j_0LLNXM-00339-00090006-00090305 on opposite sides that can be harder
1t2j_0LLNXM-00340-00090306-00090532 than it sounds and so the distribution
1t2j_0LLNXM-00341-00090533-00090743 of all the typical control sorts the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00342-00090744-00090887 same specification of all the technical
1t2j_0LLNXM-00343-00090888-00091187 treatment source and so this specific
1t2j_0LLNXM-00344-00091188-00091391 example was talking about the botox
1t2j_0LLNXM-00345-00091392-00091529 situation
1t2j_0LLNXM-00346-00091530-00091781 um but you get the idea
1t2j_0LLNXM-00347-00091782-00092038 so what I wanted to show was
1t2j_0LLNXM-00348-00092039-00092285 um and the last slide of these this
1t2j_0LLNXM-00349-00092286-00092512 series I think is really useful for like
1t2j_0LLNXM-00350-00092513-00092632 studying
1t2j_0LLNXM-00351-00092633-00092717 um
1t2j_0LLNXM-00352-00092718-00093179 but basically we have four kind of tools
1t2j_0LLNXM-00353-00093180-00093515 for doing this testing and they apply in
1t2j_0LLNXM-00354-00093516-00093785 different scenarios okay so anyway here
1t2j_0LLNXM-00355-00093786-00094018 to take in common core math uh one of
1t2j_0LLNXM-00356-00094019-00094126 the things that I really like about it
1t2j_0LLNXM-00357-00094127-00094276 and I talked about is with somebody in
1t2j_0LLNXM-00358-00094277-00094350 here
1t2j_0LLNXM-00359-00094351-00094781 but is that they they teach you math in
1t2j_0LLNXM-00360-00094782-00095044 terms of hey you have this strategy for
1t2j_0LLNXM-00361-00095045-00095237 this scenario and back strategy for
1t2j_0LLNXM-00362-00095238-00095423 another scenario that there's not these
1t2j_0LLNXM-00363-00095424-00095638 Universal strategies with the way I was
1t2j_0LLNXM-00364-00095639-00095747 talking about
1t2j_0LLNXM-00365-00095748-00096029 the same goes true here is that you have
1t2j_0LLNXM-00366-00096030-00096256 this kind of input condition okay like a
1t2j_0LLNXM-00367-00096257-00096605 scenario that you need a way to do you
1t2j_0LLNXM-00368-00096606-00096791 want to test your hypothesis with but
1t2j_0LLNXM-00369-00096792-00097055 this scenario won't necessarily work for
1t2j_0LLNXM-00370-00097056-00097168 one that doesn't meet this
1t2j_0LLNXM-00371-00097169-00097499 characteristic okay so we have one
1t2j_0LLNXM-00372-00097500-00097709 category of this characteristic and so
1t2j_0LLNXM-00373-00097710-00097853 we're going to look at the empirical
1t2j_0LLNXM-00374-00097854-00098075 percentage and the absolute value of the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00375-00098076-00098231 invariable percentage minus the null
1t2j_0LLNXM-00376-00098232-00098471 percentage and how to simulate this when
1t2j_0LLNXM-00377-00098472-00098753 you use sample proportions with
1t2j_0LLNXM-00378-00098754-00098956 um you know a size which is usually
1t2j_0LLNXM-00379-00098957-00099221 based on the observed example
1t2j_0LLNXM-00380-00099222-00099532 um and then your distribution of the you
1t2j_0LLNXM-00381-00099533-00099785 know of your bucket so I know the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00382-00099786-00100018 terminology here is a little uh more
1t2j_0LLNXM-00383-00100019-00100271 precise than I've been using but
1t2j_0LLNXM-00384-00100272-00100517 hopefully you get the idea but the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00385-00100518-00100691 example I think should be helpful is
1t2j_0LLNXM-00386-00100692-00100853 that hey we're just looking at the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00387-00100854-00101044 percent of flowers that are purple right
1t2j_0LLNXM-00388-00101045-00101261 so that was our hypothesis is that we
1t2j_0LLNXM-00389-00101262-00101405 think a certain percentage will be
1t2j_0LLNXM-00390-00101406-00101818 purple and so we construct our test like
1t2j_0LLNXM-00391-00101819-00101915 this
1t2j_0LLNXM-00392-00101916-00102035 right
1t2j_0LLNXM-00393-00102036-00102323 so that's one category and we also have
1t2j_0LLNXM-00394-00102324-00102604 one sample with multiple categories and
1t2j_0LLNXM-00395-00102605-00102916 this is where we use the TDE okay so our
1t2j_0LLNXM-00396-00102917-00103153 test statistic is really
1t2j_0LLNXM-00397-00103154-00103444 sometimes it's really both of these okay
1t2j_0LLNXM-00398-00103445-00103666 that are that couldn't vary between them
1t2j_0LLNXM-00399-00103667-00103901 but so what is the test statistic in
1t2j_0LLNXM-00400-00103902-00104147 this case it's the DDE and then we
1t2j_0LLNXM-00401-00104148-00104339 simulate it by using sample comportions
1t2j_0LLNXM-00402-00104340-00104615 kind of similar to the prior one but we
1t2j_0LLNXM-00403-00104616-00104836 use a different test statistic to do the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00404-00104838-00105949 comparison of null alternatives
1t2j_0LLNXM-00405-00105950-00106277 then we have like numerical data okay so
1t2j_0LLNXM-00406-00106278-00106439 instead of categorical data we have
1t2j_0LLNXM-00407-00106440-00106721 numerical data and so in this case we
1t2j_0LLNXM-00408-00106722-00106949 might have the scores of you know I
1t2j_0LLNXM-00409-00106950-00107099 don't know what the midterms right that
1t2j_0LLNXM-00410-00107100-00107290 you took the lab section
1t2j_0LLNXM-00411-00107291-00107423 um and then
1t2j_0LLNXM-00412-00107424-00107651 this is the tech statistic okay so you
1t2j_0LLNXM-00413-00107652-00107878 take the mean and the absolute value of
1t2j_0LLNXM-00414-00107879-00108184 the mean minus the no mean okay uh and
1t2j_0LLNXM-00415-00108185-00108497 then you take this we use sample here
1t2j_0LLNXM-00416-00108498-00108784 okay on the population data and with
1t2j_0LLNXM-00417-00108785-00108995 replacing equal to false so without
1t2j_0LLNXM-00418-00108996-00109115 replacement
1t2j_0LLNXM-00419-00109116-00109889 okay that's kind of this scenario
1t2j_0LLNXM-00420-00109890-00110128 and then the kind of the last one that
1t2j_0LLNXM-00421-00110129-00110297 we're going to talk about today is this
1t2j_0LLNXM-00422-00110298-00110489 last pool which is when we have
1t2j_0LLNXM-00423-00110490-00110728 numerical data but we have two samples
1t2j_0LLNXM-00424-00110729-00110957 right we have smokers and non-smokers
1t2j_0LLNXM-00425-00110958-00111263 and we have so then what we do is we
1t2j_0LLNXM-00426-00111264-00111497 essentially take the mean minus the mean
1t2j_0LLNXM-00427-00111498-00111784 and the or the absolute value of the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00428-00111785-00111971 mean minus the mean
1t2j_0LLNXM-00429-00111972-00112277 um and we use the sample method again
1t2j_0LLNXM-00430-00112278-00112565 with replacement equal to false except
1t2j_0LLNXM-00431-00112566-00112834 we need to make sure and this is a
1t2j_0LLNXM-00432-00112835-00113033 little subtle but we need to make sure
1t2j_0LLNXM-00433-00113033-00113219 in this case we can kind of choose a
1t2j_0LLNXM-00434-00113220-00113483 sample size right that's what BK any is
1t2j_0LLNXM-00435-00113483-00113693 a bit of a bottom right whereas in this
1t2j_0LLNXM-00436-00113694-00113908 one we have to use the whole sample
1t2j_0LLNXM-00437-00113909-00114107 right because the shuffling doesn't work
1t2j_0LLNXM-00438-00114108-00114425 unless we use apple the same
1t2j_0LLNXM-00439-00114426-00114713 okay
1t2j_0LLNXM-00440-00114714-00114904 so this is just the same thing in a
1t2j_0LLNXM-00441-00114905-00115060 nutshell
1t2j_0LLNXM-00442-00115061-00115199 um can you explain the difference
1t2j_0LLNXM-00443-00115200-00115421 between how to stimulate and the test
1t2j_0LLNXM-00444-00115422-00115613 statistics
1t2j_0LLNXM-00445-00115614-00115828 yeah so the test certificate what to
1t2j_0LLNXM-00446-00115829-00116165 measuring and the simulation is how do
1t2j_0LLNXM-00447-00116166-00116363 you get more of those
1t2j_0LLNXM-00448-00116364-00116686 right so you know in this case right we
1t2j_0LLNXM-00449-00116688-00116908 can use the sample method for the how to
1t2j_0LLNXM-00450-00116909-00117089 simulate but we have to use the whole
1t2j_0LLNXM-00451-00117090-00117328 data set that we have and we do it with
1t2j_0LLNXM-00452-00117329-00117599 outward Flip or we do it with uh without
1t2j_0LLNXM-00453-00117600-00117851 replacement we'll never say that right
1t2j_0LLNXM-00454-00117852-00118127 um but what we're measuring is that is
1t2j_0LLNXM-00455-00118128-00118331 the difference between the two means
1t2j_0LLNXM-00456-00118332-00118528 okay the two averages
1t2j_0LLNXM-00457-00118529-00118823 whereas in this one we can take a
1t2j_0LLNXM-00458-00118824-00119158 smaller sample set potentially got to be
1t2j_0LLNXM-00459-00119159-00119351 careful of how small it gets but you get
1t2j_0LLNXM-00460-00119352-00119597 the idea it's what's happening set
1t2j_0LLNXM-00461-00119598-00119836 um and we're going to use the empirical
1t2j_0LLNXM-00462-00119838-00120119 mean or we can also use the subtraction
1t2j_0LLNXM-00463-00120120-00120323 that'd be an absolute value of that
1t2j_0LLNXM-00464-00120324-00120634 there so there is a little bit of wiggle
1t2j_0LLNXM-00465-00120635-00120851 room in here in that you might find one
1t2j_0LLNXM-00466-00120852-00121036 of those answers a better place than the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00467-00121038-00121247 other in some particular scenario but
1t2j_0LLNXM-00468-00121248-00121486 both of them are valid
1t2j_0LLNXM-00469-00121488-00121810 okay so I know like I said I think this
1t2j_0LLNXM-00470-00121811-00122015 can be a little bit confusing so you'll
1t2j_0LLNXM-00471-00122016-00122254 you'll be doing these a bunch more times
1t2j_0LLNXM-00472-00122255-00122489 using an individual like actual example
1t2j_0LLNXM-00473-00122490-00122710 but if you've had to come come back to
1t2j_0LLNXM-00474-00122711-00122999 this it'll tell you like oh hey I was
1t2j_0LLNXM-00475-00123000-00123239 you know the lab or the homework set to
1t2j_0LLNXM-00476-00123240-00123484 do this kind of modeling oh hey it looks
1t2j_0LLNXM-00477-00123485-00123784 like this one right and so that's why I
1t2j_0LLNXM-00478-00123785-00123965 chose that so if you're presented with
1t2j_0LLNXM-00479-00123966-00124228 one where it doesn't tell you which one
1t2j_0LLNXM-00480-00124229-00124493 of these to use you know how do you have
1t2j_0LLNXM-00481-00124494-00124649 ways to recognize
1t2j_0LLNXM-00482-00124650-00125099 and we'll talk about it more too
1t2j_0LLNXM-00483-00125100-00125321 all right so at the end of the day what
1t2j_0LLNXM-00484-00125322-00125465 we really care about here right is
1t2j_0LLNXM-00485-00125466-00125657 called Valley so this is kind of another
1t2j_0LLNXM-00486-00125658-00126216 way of thinking about the same thing
1t2j_0LLNXM-00487-00126217-00126647 we have how did we get our data kind of
1t2j_0LLNXM-00488-00126648-00126899 the first question okay do we do an
1t2j_0LLNXM-00489-00126900-00127133 observational sample all right or do we
1t2j_0LLNXM-00490-00127133-00127307 do a randomized controlled experiment so
1t2j_0LLNXM-00491-00127308-00127433 this is the difference would be the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00492-00127433-00127619 smokers and non-smokers with the birth
1t2j_0LLNXM-00493-00127620-00127865 weights that was an observational sample
1t2j_0LLNXM-00494-00127866-00128099 they just took measurements of the hurt
1t2j_0LLNXM-00495-00128100-00128321 weight of the children who came to the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00496-00128322-00128519 hospital and had you know women came up
1t2j_0LLNXM-00497-00128520-00128789 over had children and asked them were
1t2j_0LLNXM-00498-00128790-00129016 they smokers or non smokers okay whereas
1t2j_0LLNXM-00499-00129017-00129184 a randomizing Polish area is you could
1t2j_0LLNXM-00500-00129185-00129466 go out and seek people to perceive your
1t2j_0LLNXM-00501-00129467-00129658 trial okay like medical problems really
1t2j_0LLNXM-00502-00129659-00129940 an example I'm sure you've seen ads for
1t2j_0LLNXM-00503-00129941-00130186 them on the subway
1t2j_0LLNXM-00504-00130188-00130252 um
1t2j_0LLNXM-00505-00130253-00130595 all over town uh some of the Harvard is
1t2j_0LLNXM-00506-00130596-00130733 a big place for them to be used to be
1t2j_0LLNXM-00507-00130733-00130943 placed with so kind of how do you get
1t2j_0LLNXM-00508-00130944-00131171 your data then what does that data look
1t2j_0LLNXM-00509-00131172-00131464 like is it two sample in this case let's
1t2j_0LLNXM-00510-00131465-00131675 say it's two samples numerical data okay
1t2j_0LLNXM-00511-00131676-00131801 well then that means we should use
1t2j_0LLNXM-00512-00131802-00131981 shuffling labels to simulate from the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00513-00131982-00132275 null and then if it works right then we
1t2j_0LLNXM-00514-00132276-00132539 get causal relationship if it doesn't
1t2j_0LLNXM-00515-00132540-00132863 work it's just an association report
1t2j_0LLNXM-00516-00132864-00133204 okay so I don't I didn't make graphs of
1t2j_0LLNXM-00517-00133205-00133354 kind of each of these scenarios maybe I
1t2j_0LLNXM-00518-00133355-00133516 should do that what it says
1t2j_0LLNXM-00519-00133517-00133678 um but that's kind of what you're doing
1t2j_0LLNXM-00520-00133679-00133804 is you're going through this workflow
1t2j_0LLNXM-00521-00133805-00133997 and saying okay I have I have this kind
1t2j_0LLNXM-00522-00133998-00134225 of input right and so therefore I and
1t2j_0LLNXM-00523-00134226-00134459 this means I have this kind of data so
1t2j_0LLNXM-00524-00134460-00134657 this means I should use this kind of
1t2j_0LLNXM-00525-00134658-00135227 method to test when I have options
1t2j_0LLNXM-00526-00135228-00135599 all right so however
1t2j_0LLNXM-00527-00135600-00135911 in the conclusion be wrong okay so go
1t2j_0LLNXM-00528-00135912-00136078 going back to what I just showed there
1t2j_0LLNXM-00529-00136079-00136373 you go we got a 0.14 which was way out
1t2j_0LLNXM-00530-00136374-00136589 of our our distribution
1t2j_0LLNXM-00531-00136590-00136978 it could still be true okay it said
1t2j_0LLNXM-00532-00136979-00137290 really really unlikely right
1t2j_0LLNXM-00533-00137291-00137525 so
1t2j_0LLNXM-00534-00137526-00137747 the access here basically it's where it
1t2j_0LLNXM-00535-00137748-00137945 wasn't you know that's not the case of
1t2j_0LLNXM-00536-00137946-00138113 um but the point is is that
1t2j_0LLNXM-00537-00138114-00138419 we're still kind of guessing Okay we're
1t2j_0LLNXM-00538-00138420-00138593 guessing with a certain amount of
1t2j_0LLNXM-00539-00138594-00138790 accuracy and that's where the p-value
1t2j_0LLNXM-00540-00138791-00139169 comes in and I think that's the next one
1t2j_0LLNXM-00541-00139170-00139397 so
1t2j_0LLNXM-00542-00139398-00139654 this I think is it can be a little bit
1t2j_0LLNXM-00543-00139655-00139895 confusing is that we have the cutoff for
1t2j_0LLNXM-00544-00139896-00140081 the p-value and we have the P value
1t2j_0LLNXM-00545-00140082-00140314 itself okay instead of a floor We Run
1t2j_0LLNXM-00546-00140315-00140609 The Experiment we decide okay what is an
1t2j_0LLNXM-00547-00140610-00140866 acceptable cut off for the key value we
1t2j_0LLNXM-00548-00140867-00141064 say okay let's say it's five percent
1t2j_0LLNXM-00549-00141065-00141245 okay then that means we'll be
1t2j_0LLNXM-00550-00141246-00141490 statistically significant
1t2j_0LLNXM-00551-00141491-00141575 um
1t2j_0LLNXM-00552-00141576-00141857 and but you're you're supposed to you
1t2j_0LLNXM-00553-00141858-00141983 know you may have done this like in a
1t2j_0LLNXM-00554-00141984-00142127 science class where you're supposed to
1t2j_0LLNXM-00555-00142128-00142301 come up with a hypothesis before you run
1t2j_0LLNXM-00556-00142302-00142528 your tests right and so this is part of
1t2j_0LLNXM-00557-00142529-00142747 coming up with a hypothesis it's like
1t2j_0LLNXM-00558-00142748-00143273 where in that you know graph can an
1t2j_0LLNXM-00559-00143274-00143639 example be to be still considered either
1t2j_0LLNXM-00560-00143640-00143837 part of the null so like on the inside
1t2j_0LLNXM-00561-00143838-00144101 or part of the alternative so go to the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00562-00144102-00144419 outside so how far in can we go and if
1t2j_0LLNXM-00563-00144420-00144599 you say five percent is two and a half
1t2j_0LLNXM-00564-00144600-00144875 percent on each side so if I pull a
1t2j_0LLNXM-00565-00144876-00145031 random sample
1t2j_0LLNXM-00566-00145032-00145390 it's still part of the alternative even
1t2j_0LLNXM-00567-00145391-00145631 if it goes into the null up to five
1t2j_0LLNXM-00568-00145632-00145781 percent
1t2j_0LLNXM-00569-00145782-00146645 that makes sense
1t2j_0LLNXM-00570-00146646-00146861 so just to kind of explain the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00571-00146862-00147083 difference between the two the p-value
1t2j_0LLNXM-00572-00147084-00147304 cutoff does not depend on the actual
1t2j_0LLNXM-00573-00147305-00147623 data right it's some arbitrary measure
1t2j_0LLNXM-00574-00147624-00147745 that you're going to take in advance
1t2j_0LLNXM-00575-00147746-00148109 that says this is what I'm in a declare
1t2j_0LLNXM-00576-00148110-00148337 will indicate what what's the right
1t2j_0LLNXM-00577-00148338-00148673 answer okay and commonly they are five
1t2j_0LLNXM-00578-00148674-00148883 percent and one percent
1t2j_0LLNXM-00579-00148884-00149087 um you have to have a really good reason
1t2j_0LLNXM-00580-00149088-00149352 for using something outside of those
1t2j_0LLNXM-00581-00149353-00149578 essentially two you don't you don't
1t2j_0LLNXM-00582-00149579-00149825 really see three percent either okay so
1t2j_0LLNXM-00583-00149826-00150059 it's like five percent or one person
1t2j_0LLNXM-00584-00150060-00150197 um and then but it's just a convention
1t2j_0LLNXM-00585-00150198-00150497 right it's just most people would agree
1t2j_0LLNXM-00586-00150498-00150616 you know most people would do this kind
1t2j_0LLNXM-00587-00150617-00150978 of work would agree that it's it's
1t2j_0LLNXM-00588-00150979-00151366 within 5.5 call converted to the highly
1t2j_0LLNXM-00589-00151367-00151601 specifically significant with a 100 cut
1t2j_0LLNXM-00590-00151602-00151702 off
1t2j_0LLNXM-00591-00151703-00151793 um
1t2j_0LLNXM-00592-00151794-00152128 and
1t2j_0LLNXM-00593-00152129-00152309 yeah and so basically what you're
1t2j_0LLNXM-00594-00152310-00152501 looking at is the probability of where
1t2j_0LLNXM-00595-00152502-00152801 if you take another sample okay and so
1t2j_0LLNXM-00596-00152802-00152999 that sample could be simulated or
1t2j_0LLNXM-00597-00153000-00153178 observed right so we could go do another
1t2j_0LLNXM-00598-00153179-00153478 study of looking at the birth weights of
1t2j_0LLNXM-00599-00153479-00153809 babies in hospitals and if we we gather
1t2j_0LLNXM-00600-00153810-00154045 all that data it's observed data right
1t2j_0LLNXM-00601-00154046-00154385 it should still follow these rules okay
1t2j_0LLNXM-00602-00154386-00154601 so in other words because remember our
1t2j_0LLNXM-00603-00154602-00154907 null hypothesis was that uh birth weight
1t2j_0LLNXM-00604-00154908-00155104 of children would be unaffected by
1t2j_0LLNXM-00605-00155105-00155339 smoking but we showed that the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00606-00155340-00155525 alternative was true which is that they
1t2j_0LLNXM-00607-00155526-00155813 were affected by smoking so
1t2j_0LLNXM-00608-00155814-00156064 even if we do another study an actual
1t2j_0LLNXM-00609-00156065-00156407 study it should fall in the alternative
1t2j_0LLNXM-00610-00156408-00156659 okay given the five percent or one
1t2j_0LLNXM-00611-00156660-00156814 percent call
1t2j_0LLNXM-00612-00156815-00156893 um
1t2j_0LLNXM-00613-00156894-00157145 if uh but we could also run another
1t2j_0LLNXM-00614-00157146-00157361 simulation so if I go and run you know
1t2j_0LLNXM-00615-00157362-00157685 the 10 000 in first example
1t2j_0LLNXM-00616-00157686-00157961 I should also still be in that same
1t2j_0LLNXM-00617-00157962-00158195 range okay I may not get exactly the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00618-00158196-00158333 same number as I've ever gotten before
1t2j_0LLNXM-00619-00158334-00158614 but I should still be in that range
1t2j_0LLNXM-00620-00158615-00159311 okay
1t2j_0LLNXM-00621-00159312-00159490 all right so now we're going to talk
1t2j_0LLNXM-00622-00159491-00159676 about this thing called benford's law
1t2j_0LLNXM-00623-00159677-00159821 which is pretty cool does anybody ever
1t2j_0LLNXM-00624-00159822-00160139 heard of bensberg's law
1t2j_0LLNXM-00625-00160140-00160283 all right you might have because it made
1t2j_0LLNXM-00626-00160284-00160528 the news a lot in like
1t2j_0LLNXM-00627-00160529-00160961 what was it 2016.
1t2j_0LLNXM-00628-00160962-00161128 um with the election but we'll talk
1t2j_0LLNXM-00629-00161129-00161371 about that more in a bit
1t2j_0LLNXM-00630-00161372-00161926 uh okay so pennford's law
1t2j_0LLNXM-00631-00161927-00162197 looks like this
1t2j_0LLNXM-00632-00162198-00162478 and I think it's kind of mind-blowing if
1t2j_0LLNXM-00633-00162479-00162616 you've never seen it before
1t2j_0LLNXM-00634-00162617-00162935 so if you get a set of numbers okay like
1t2j_0LLNXM-00635-00162936-00163163 just a bag full of numbers why you're
1t2j_0LLNXM-00636-00163164-00163325 getting a bag pillow numbers let's just
1t2j_0LLNXM-00637-00163326-00163552 say Santa was really mean that year but
1t2j_0LLNXM-00638-00163553-00163714 you got a bag full of numbers you pull
1t2j_0LLNXM-00639-00163715-00164002 out those numbers the proportion of the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00640-00164003-00164404 first digit okay will look like this
1t2j_0LLNXM-00641-00164405-00164693 okay as long as those numbers kind of
1t2j_0LLNXM-00642-00164694-00164939 vary in size in what's called orders of
1t2j_0LLNXM-00643-00164940-00165137 magnitude so like you don't just have
1t2j_0LLNXM-00644-00165138-00165316 numbers that are like in the hundreds
1t2j_0LLNXM-00645-00165317-00165563 okay you also you have hundreds and
1t2j_0LLNXM-00646-00165564-00165725 thousands and ten thousands and millions
1t2j_0LLNXM-00647-00165726-00166109 of you know single digits Etc but if you
1t2j_0LLNXM-00648-00166110-00166297 if you do have an acronym distribution
1t2j_0LLNXM-00649-00166298-00166702 the first digit will be wildly likely to
1t2j_0LLNXM-00650-00166703-00166847 be at one
1t2j_0LLNXM-00651-00166848-00167111 okay and then it falls off after that
1t2j_0LLNXM-00652-00167112-00167351 which is super interesting uh there's
1t2j_0LLNXM-00653-00167352-00167645 math it's a law so it's true
1t2j_0LLNXM-00654-00167646-00167902 um even though I I see in some cases
1t2j_0LLNXM-00655-00167903-00168101 right indicate gut instinct tells you
1t2j_0LLNXM-00656-00168102-00168287 that it's not true but it is actually
1t2j_0LLNXM-00657-00168288-00168490 true and if you if you kind of starting
1t2j_0LLNXM-00658-00168491-00168671 to think about it right
1t2j_0LLNXM-00659-00168672-00168887 um it kind of starts to make sense if
1t2j_0LLNXM-00660-00168888-00169085 you try to think of random numbers or
1t2j_0LLNXM-00661-00169086-00169295 whatever but the the ones tend to be
1t2j_0LLNXM-00662-00169296-00169447 more often
1t2j_0LLNXM-00663-00169448-00169859 so benford's law has been used uh
1t2j_0LLNXM-00664-00169860-00170087 correctly and incorrectly a large number
1t2j_0LLNXM-00665-00170088-00170440 of times particularly in politics
1t2j_0LLNXM-00666-00170441-00170590 um
1t2j_0LLNXM-00667-00170591-00170999 okay so to get that first digit
1t2j_0LLNXM-00668-00171000-00171166 anybody have any ideas how I can get
1t2j_0LLNXM-00669-00171167-00171443 just like I have I have a number and I
1t2j_0LLNXM-00670-00171444-00171652 just want the first digit how do I do
1t2j_0LLNXM-00671-00171653-00171790 that
1t2j_0LLNXM-00672-00171791-00172031 it is
1t2j_0LLNXM-00673-00172032-00172313 so the numbers two thousand
1t2j_0LLNXM-00674-00172314-00172493 first digit from the right
1t2j_0LLNXM-00675-00172494-00172745 first digit on the left like the very
1t2j_0LLNXM-00676-00172746-00173747 first digit so 2002
1t2j_0LLNXM-00677-00173748-00173921 all right
1t2j_0LLNXM-00678-00173922-00174113 so you actually know all the tools for
1t2j_0LLNXM-00679-00174114-00174304 doing this but what I can do is I can
1t2j_0LLNXM-00680-00174305-00174551 say well first let's turn it into a
1t2j_0LLNXM-00681-00174552-00174754 string okay
1t2j_0LLNXM-00682-00174755-00175001 and then we can say you know what give
1t2j_0LLNXM-00683-00175002-00175163 me the first one
1t2j_0LLNXM-00684-00175164-00175366 the first character
1t2j_0LLNXM-00685-00175367-00175649 and then I can convert that back to an
1t2j_0LLNXM-00686-00175650-00175978 integer
1t2j_0LLNXM-00687-00175979-00176201 and now I have a function that will
1t2j_0LLNXM-00688-00176202-00176525 return just the First Data
1t2j_0LLNXM-00689-00176526-00176740 okay remember turning it into a string
1t2j_0LLNXM-00690-00176741-00176933 essentially turns it into an array so I
1t2j_0LLNXM-00691-00176934-00177119 can index into that array if I want the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00692-00177120-00177395 very first position I get I use zero and
1t2j_0LLNXM-00693-00177396-00177652 bang them up so first digit will now
1t2j_0LLNXM-00694-00177653-00177875 give me a three or a one
1t2j_0LLNXM-00695-00177876-00178204 as expected
1t2j_0LLNXM-00696-00178205-00178409 okay so we have this counties table
1t2j_0LLNXM-00697-00178410-00178864 where I have written so they go yes
1t2j_0LLNXM-00698-00178865-00179069 um
1t2j_0LLNXM-00699-00179070-00179573 and
1t2j_0LLNXM-00700-00179574-00179776 oh
1t2j_0LLNXM-00701-00179777-00180011 yeah I'm sure it goes
1t2j_0LLNXM-00702-00180012-00180143 um I don't know where I made that an
1t2j_0LLNXM-00703-00180144-00181054 example of you
1t2j_0LLNXM-00704-00181055-00181414 okay so I have now uh this set of data
1t2j_0LLNXM-00705-00181415-00181619 it's all the populations of all these
1t2j_0LLNXM-00706-00181620-00182033 companies uh throughout the US okay so
1t2j_0LLNXM-00707-00182034-00182093 um
1t2j_0LLNXM-00708-00182094-00182381 each of these counties uh you know all
1t2j_0LLNXM-00709-00182382-00182537 we're going to do is relabel it a bit
1t2j_0LLNXM-00710-00182538-00182704 because the columns have some weird
1t2j_0LLNXM-00711-00182705-00182885 names because I think racial expenses
1t2j_0LLNXM-00712-00182886-00182981 data
1t2j_0LLNXM-00713-00182982-00183119 um and so we're gonna call it state
1t2j_0LLNXM-00714-00183120-00183299 county and the population of that term
1t2j_0LLNXM-00715-00183300-00183713 so that way we have these three columns
1t2j_0LLNXM-00716-00183714-00184013 and so now what I want to do is I want
1t2j_0LLNXM-00717-00184014-00184319 to get all those first digits because I
1t2j_0LLNXM-00718-00184320-00184528 want to know if this follow has been for
1t2j_0LLNXM-00719-00184529-00184876 too long right so how
1t2j_0LLNXM-00720-00184877-00185111 do they know how uh what method I can
1t2j_0LLNXM-00721-00185112-00185290 use here
1t2j_0LLNXM-00722-00185291-00185338 to
1t2j_0LLNXM-00723-00185339-00185501 [Music]
1t2j_0LLNXM-00724-00185502-00186178 um get the first visits
1t2j_0LLNXM-00725-00186179-00186352 uh apply Maybe
1t2j_0LLNXM-00726-00186353-00186695 yeah applied exactly this should be one
1t2j_0LLNXM-00727-00186696-00186881 of your favorite methods
1t2j_0LLNXM-00728-00186882-00187007 um and then we're just going to pass in
1t2j_0LLNXM-00729-00187008-00187288 the method I just wrote which is
1t2j_0LLNXM-00730-00187289-00188464 perfect
1t2j_0LLNXM-00731-00188465-00188776 looking at the wrong part of the GG okay
1t2j_0LLNXM-00732-00188777-00188933 so now I'm just grabbing that first
1t2j_0LLNXM-00733-00188934-00189154 digit off of each one putting in a new
1t2j_0LLNXM-00734-00189155-00189388 column called first digit and so now I
1t2j_0LLNXM-00735-00189389-00189628 have that directly on the table so I can
1t2j_0LLNXM-00736-00189629-00189785 work with it without having to kind of
1t2j_0LLNXM-00737-00189786-00190013 reincarnate it every time
1t2j_0LLNXM-00738-00190014-00190187 um so
1t2j_0LLNXM-00739-00190188-00190366 the next thing I do is I just kind of
1t2j_0LLNXM-00740-00190367-00190607 look at what's the size of it so that I
1t2j_0LLNXM-00741-00190608-00190913 can now maybe construct some bins
1t2j_0LLNXM-00742-00190914-00191476 um
1t2j_0LLNXM-00743-00191477-00192059 yeah so
1t2j_0LLNXM-00744-00192060-00192209 okay
1t2j_0LLNXM-00745-00192210-00192521 so what we can see is that if we take
1t2j_0LLNXM-00746-00192522-00192664 those counties and look at the first
1t2j_0LLNXM-00747-00192665-00192881 digits it does follow bedford's
1t2j_0LLNXM-00748-00192882-00193175 proportion so
1t2j_0LLNXM-00749-00193176-00193402 what or it seems to right we can test
1t2j_0LLNXM-00750-00193403-00193601 for it so does anybody have any theories
1t2j_0LLNXM-00751-00193602-00193847 about what this bedford's law might be
1t2j_0LLNXM-00752-00193848-00193961 useful for
1t2j_0LLNXM-00753-00193962-00194338 where it is accurate and people do
1t2j_0LLNXM-00754-00194339-00194687 uh use this that's a really good example
1t2j_0LLNXM-00755-00194688-00194933 which most of you probably have very low
1t2j_0LLNXM-00756-00194934-00195373 experience
1t2j_0LLNXM-00757-00195374-00195695 exactly so people are very bad at making
1t2j_0LLNXM-00758-00195696-00195857 up random numbers because you're making
1t2j_0LLNXM-00759-00195858-00196102 up random like income numbers uh you
1t2j_0LLNXM-00760-00196103-00196385 tend to not follow things like Emperor's
1t2j_0LLNXM-00761-00196386-00196816 law so if you run a bunch of uh irf tax
1t2j_0LLNXM-00762-00196817-00197081 forms through bedford's law and you're
1t2j_0LLNXM-00763-00197082-00197254 getting numbers that are not in that
1t2j_0LLNXM-00764-00197255-00197507 distribution it means you probably have
1t2j_0LLNXM-00765-00197508-00197657 some fraud in there
1t2j_0LLNXM-00766-00197658-00198066 [Music]
1t2j_0LLNXM-00767-00198067-00198328 hey these numbers aren't following the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00768-00198329-00198647 distribution
1t2j_0LLNXM-00769-00198648-00198790 okay
1t2j_0LLNXM-00770-00198791-00199181 so
1t2j_0LLNXM-00771-00199182-00199438 what I wanted you to do was
1t2j_0LLNXM-00772-00199439-00199540 um you know hopefully you're all
1t2j_0LLNXM-00773-00199541-00199787 following along but
1t2j_0LLNXM-00774-00199788-00200087 let's say we want to test this County
1t2j_0LLNXM-00775-00200088-00200345 Theory okay so we want to know if the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00776-00200346-00200587 counties are following vendors
1t2j_0LLNXM-00777-00200588-00201352 so what should our null hypothesis be
1t2j_0LLNXM-00778-00201353-00201659 right yeah
1t2j_0LLNXM-00779-00201660-00201887 then both the counties don't follow the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00780-00201888-00202000 law
1t2j_0LLNXM-00781-00202001-00202481 um so
1t2j_0LLNXM-00782-00202482-00202750 oh sorry
1t2j_0LLNXM-00783-00202751-00202985 no so the the knowledge actually said
1t2j_0LLNXM-00784-00202986-00203219 that they do follow the law okay and the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00785-00203220-00203464 reason is this is one of the ones I get
1t2j_0LLNXM-00786-00203465-00203657 mixed up every time because I always
1t2j_0LLNXM-00787-00203658-00203981 expect the null to be what I don't want
1t2j_0LLNXM-00788-00203982-00204304 um so the reason is is because what we
1t2j_0LLNXM-00789-00204305-00204514 can test here is we can test them
1t2j_0LLNXM-00790-00204515-00204761 against benford's law but we can't test
1t2j_0LLNXM-00791-00204762-00204988 like that they're not following the law
1t2j_0LLNXM-00792-00204989-00205414 right
1t2j_0LLNXM-00793-00205415-00205625 yeah so what we want to do is for our
1t2j_0LLNXM-00794-00205626-00206021 know hypothesis we want to actually say
1t2j_0LLNXM-00795-00206021-00206123 um
1t2j_0LLNXM-00796-00206123-00206314 so County
1t2j_0LLNXM-00797-00206315-00206657 population
1t2j_0LLNXM-00798-00206658-00207192 follows benford's law
1t2j_0LLNXM-00799-00207194-00207479 right so because what I can do is I can
1t2j_0LLNXM-00800-00207480-00207688 now run a simulation of County
1t2j_0LLNXM-00801-00207689-00207958 populations and test and see if it's
1t2j_0LLNXM-00802-00207959-00208234 close to the benefit benefit
1t2j_0LLNXM-00803-00208235-00208612 okay
1t2j_0LLNXM-00804-00208613-00208931 so that makes the alternative
1t2j_0LLNXM-00805-00208932-00209638 one
1t2j_0LLNXM-00806-00209639-00209891 who is that
1t2j_0LLNXM-00807-00209892-00210239 YouTube
1t2j_0LLNXM-00808-00210240-00210460 right so it doesn't bother so it's just
1t2j_0LLNXM-00809-00210461-00210898 the opposite
1t2j_0LLNXM-00810-00210900-00211067 oops
1t2j_0LLNXM-00811-00211067-00211456 there are
1t2j_0LLNXM-00812-00211457-00211751 all right
1t2j_0LLNXM-00813-00211752-00211871 all right
1t2j_0LLNXM-00814-00211871-00212321 and so given that
1t2j_0LLNXM-00815-00212321-00212641 what test did it should we use
1t2j_0LLNXM-00816-00212642-00213887 to figure this out
1t2j_0LLNXM-00817-00213888-00214121 what do you think
1t2j_0LLNXM-00818-00214121-00215987 so we're comparing two populations right
1t2j_0LLNXM-00819-00215988-00216244 so from comparing two populations what
1t2j_0LLNXM-00820-00216246-00216923 test statistic do you think I should use
1t2j_0LLNXM-00821-00216923-00217834 foreign
1t2j_0LLNXM-00822-00217835-00218123 so so the last one seems like the right
1t2j_0LLNXM-00823-00218123-00218273 answer except
1t2j_0LLNXM-00824-00218273-00218567 are the numbers that we're working with
1t2j_0LLNXM-00825-00218567-00219065 really numerical or are they categorical
1t2j_0LLNXM-00826-00219066-00219413 right do I care that a one is less than
1t2j_0LLNXM-00827-00219414-00219646 a two when I'm comparing it to benford's
1t2j_0LLNXM-00828-00219648-00219821 law
1t2j_0LLNXM-00829-00219821-00220096 right you're shaking your head
1t2j_0LLNXM-00830-00220098-00220313 got a new response
1t2j_0LLNXM-00831-00220314-00220782 because
1t2j_0LLNXM-00832-00220783-00221087 you're disabled preparing proportion
1t2j_0LLNXM-00833-00221088-00221332 since you think categories right or what
1t2j_0LLNXM-00834-00221333-00221537 little categories right you don't really
1t2j_0LLNXM-00835-00221538-00221705 determine what the numbers are you just
1t2j_0LLNXM-00836-00221706-00221963 care the fact that their categories so
1t2j_0LLNXM-00837-00221964-00222455 that's what you can be used for
1t2j_0LLNXM-00838-00222456-00222892 all right so TV
1t2j_0LLNXM-00839-00222894-00223367 and then we want or which one is going
1t2j_0LLNXM-00840-00223367-00223675 to favor the alternative so do we expect
1t2j_0LLNXM-00841-00223676-00224134 bigger or smaller values to favor the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00842-00224135-00224273 alternative
1t2j_0LLNXM-00843-00224273-00224458 okay and if you remember from the prior
1t2j_0LLNXM-00844-00224459-00224825 example I showed one
1t2j_0LLNXM-00845-00224826-00225089 way
1t2j_0LLNXM-00846-00225090-00225281 because remember they're all absolutely
1t2j_0LLNXM-00847-00225282-00225569 right so so the number so that we have
1t2j_0LLNXM-00848-00225569-00225839 we have kind of a uh what do I usually
1t2j_0LLNXM-00849-00225840-00226067 call it um kind of an amplitude rather
1t2j_0LLNXM-00850-00226067-00226342 than a Direction
1t2j_0LLNXM-00851-00226344-00226732 so what do you think
1t2j_0LLNXM-00852-00226733-00226979 so imagine the graph and where that you
1t2j_0LLNXM-00853-00226980-00227182 know my Red Dot is
1t2j_0LLNXM-00854-00227183-00227375 it going to be a bigger number or a
1t2j_0LLNXM-00855-00227376-00227596 smaller number
1t2j_0LLNXM-00856-00227598-00227782 and remember we're starting at zero
1t2j_0LLNXM-00857-00227783-00228215 because I did ask it about it
1t2j_0LLNXM-00858-00228216-00228731 okay it is
1t2j_0LLNXM-00859-00228732-00228994 right so we want a bigger number right
1t2j_0LLNXM-00860-00228996-00229241 so bigger numbers will be into the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00861-00229242-00230429 alternative
1t2j_0LLNXM-00862-00230430-00230698 all right so
1t2j_0LLNXM-00863-00230700-00230956 how do we do that we just started to
1t2j_0LLNXM-00864-00230957-00231215 calculate it out just like we were doing
1t2j_0LLNXM-00865-00231216-00231569 before so we just do some absolute value
1t2j_0LLNXM-00866-00231569-00232171 of the proportions
1t2j_0LLNXM-00867-00232171-00232339 minus
1t2j_0LLNXM-00868-00232340-00232810 and her mom
1t2j_0LLNXM-00869-00232811-00233206 um
1t2j_0LLNXM-00870-00233207-00233669 and then divide that whole thing by two
1t2j_0LLNXM-00871-00233669-00233992 okay and so now we have an observed TV
1t2j_0LLNXM-00872-00233994-00234148 um again still isn't really immediating
1t2j_0LLNXM-00873-00234150-00234263 because we don't have anything to like
1t2j_0LLNXM-00874-00234264-00234503 compare it to but we know it's 0.02
1t2j_0LLNXM-00875-00234504-00234646 right
1t2j_0LLNXM-00876-00234648-00234923 so then we kind of move on to okay now
1t2j_0LLNXM-00877-00234923-00235255 let's do a simulation right
1t2j_0LLNXM-00878-00235256-00235817 and then
1t2j_0LLNXM-00879-00235817-00236041 we're going to turn that into a function
1t2j_0LLNXM-00880-00236042-00236363 but really this is where we kind of
1t2j_0LLNXM-00881-00236364-00236644 actually start to do our test so we're
1t2j_0LLNXM-00882-00236646-00236891 going to do for 10 000 times we're going
1t2j_0LLNXM-00883-00236892-00237137 to simulate the frequencies of those
1t2j_0LLNXM-00884-00237138-00237406 populations by sampling the proportions
1t2j_0LLNXM-00885-00237407-00237641 right and getting out data from the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00886-00237642-00237791 accountants
1t2j_0LLNXM-00887-00237792-00238096 um and then lastly we'll just throw it
1t2j_0LLNXM-00888-00238098-00238294 into the table
1t2j_0LLNXM-00889-00238296-00238565 sorry sorry a table in the histogram but
1t2j_0LLNXM-00890-00238566-00238858 now we have our oh I'm gonna have to
1t2j_0LLNXM-00891-00238859-00239098 explain the observed so the observed
1t2j_0LLNXM-00892-00239100-00239365 right was
1t2j_0LLNXM-00893-00239366-00239896 0.01 or 0.02 and so 0.02 that's pretty
1t2j_0LLNXM-00894-00239898-00240106 good right it looks like it's kind of
1t2j_0LLNXM-00895-00240107-00240221 right in the middle of our distribution
1t2j_0LLNXM-00896-00240221-00240431 which probably means that it's favoring
1t2j_0LLNXM-00897-00240432-00240856 towards the number
1t2j_0LLNXM-00898-00240857-00241103 and
1t2j_0LLNXM-00899-00241104-00241325 so the question is are the data
1t2j_0LLNXM-00900-00241326-00241606 consistent with
1t2j_0LLNXM-00901-00241607-00241708 um
1t2j_0LLNXM-00902-00241709-00241967 within all hypothesis and in this case
1t2j_0LLNXM-00903-00241967-00242231 like I said semi-unusually because you
1t2j_0LLNXM-00904-00242232-00242369 feel like we're always testing for like
1t2j_0LLNXM-00905-00242369-00242567 you always want the alternative in this
1t2j_0LLNXM-00906-00242567-00242753 case we do expect because we get to
1t2j_0LLNXM-00907-00242754-00242975 follow them first law and this state
1t2j_0LLNXM-00908-00242976-00243191 under the simulation here seems to bear
1t2j_0LLNXM-00909-00243192-00243317 that out
1t2j_0LLNXM-00910-00243317-00243605 okay because we have the observe and
1t2j_0LLNXM-00911-00243606-00243905 then kind of center of that graph
1t2j_0LLNXM-00912-00243906-00244175 um
1t2j_0LLNXM-00913-00244176-00244948 all right going back to the slides
1t2j_0LLNXM-00914-00244950-00245146 all right so here with my my early
1t2j_0LLNXM-00915-00245148-00245303 example
1t2j_0LLNXM-00916-00245304-00245555 um so
1t2j_0LLNXM-00917-00245556-00245734 I want you all to read this to
1t2j_0LLNXM-00918-00245735-00245891 yourselves and the first thing I'm going
1t2j_0LLNXM-00919-00245892-00246034 to ask you
1t2j_0LLNXM-00920-00246035-00246334 just see how I leave this out of the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00921-00246335-00246839 slides
1t2j_0LLNXM-00922-00246840-00247144 yeah so the first thing I want to ask is
1t2j_0LLNXM-00923-00247146-00247348 kind of a little bit of a sidebar is
1t2j_0LLNXM-00924-00247350-00247625 point out some problems with this into
1t2j_0LLNXM-00925-00247626-00248021 the text
1t2j_0LLNXM-00926-00248021-00248375 okay and this is a an exact image copy
1t2j_0LLNXM-00927-00248376-00248663 of I think it was a two weeks but let's
1t2j_0LLNXM-00928-00248664-00248842 say social media uh I can't remember
1t2j_0LLNXM-00929-00248844-00248992 exactly what
1t2j_0LLNXM-00930-00248994-00249137 um
1t2j_0LLNXM-00931-00249138-00249334 but what what do you see is some
1t2j_0LLNXM-00932-00249335-00249713 problems here as far as you know like
1t2j_0LLNXM-00933-00249714-00249971 how how much should you believe this
1t2j_0LLNXM-00934-00249971-00250823 statement
1t2j_0LLNXM-00935-00250823-00251015 there it is
1t2j_0LLNXM-00936-00251016-00251189 let's go back to something we talked
1t2j_0LLNXM-00937-00251190-00251363 about early on kind of that
1t2j_0LLNXM-00938-00251364-00251460 Factor
1t2j_0LLNXM-00939-00251461-00251801 uh maybe in tight races the numbers are
1t2j_0LLNXM-00940-00251802-00251992 different than in general races I don't
1t2j_0LLNXM-00941-00251994-00252131 know so you're talking about the actual
1t2j_0LLNXM-00942-00252132-00252334 thing what I'm saying is on this literal
1t2j_0LLNXM-00943-00252335-00252677 test what should you believe whoever
1t2j_0LLNXM-00944-00252678-00253337 this person is
1t2j_0LLNXM-00945-00253338-00253696 right so so some analysts okay that
1t2j_0LLNXM-00946-00253698-00254044 maybe means two right out of thousands
1t2j_0LLNXM-00947-00254046-00254387 okay that's still some right or it could
1t2j_0LLNXM-00948-00254388-00254855 be 99 out of 100. right so it's not it's
1t2j_0LLNXM-00949-00254856-00254975 kind of scary when you see something
1t2j_0LLNXM-00950-00254976-00255203 like some animals
1t2j_0LLNXM-00951-00255204-00255773 it says clearly fields and accepted
1t2j_0LLNXM-00952-00255773-00255958 yeah so
1t2j_0LLNXM-00953-00255959-00256163 Biden pretty clearly tells me accept the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00954-00256164-00256498 test for catching election fraud so
1t2j_0LLNXM-00955-00256500-00256834 the the Tweet or whatever it is is
1t2j_0LLNXM-00956-00256835-00257075 alluding to the benford's law being
1t2j_0LLNXM-00957-00257076-00257332 applicable to the election
1t2j_0LLNXM-00958-00257333-00257584 um and used by the state department and
1t2j_0LLNXM-00959-00257585-00257832 forensic accounts so
1t2j_0LLNXM-00960-00257833-00258263 this is great I may ever come on SO
1t2j_0LLNXM-00961-00258264-00258437 given how many people how many people in
1t2j_0LLNXM-00962-00258438-00258575 the classroom have heard of entrance law
1t2j_0LLNXM-00963-00258576-00258821 before today
1t2j_0LLNXM-00964-00258821-00259127 okay so how common do you think it is in
1t2j_0LLNXM-00965-00259128-00259342 forensic analysis and use by the state
1t2j_0LLNXM-00966-00259344-00259534 department
1t2j_0LLNXM-00967-00259535-00259691 another question would be why is the
1t2j_0LLNXM-00968-00259692-00259798 safety department looking at election
1t2j_0LLNXM-00969-00259800-00260008 product in the U.S because they have
1t2j_0LLNXM-00970-00260009-00260158 nothing to do with
1t2j_0LLNXM-00971-00260159-00260532 apology so
1t2j_0LLNXM-00972-00260533-00260867 uh what like so there's there's a bunch
1t2j_0LLNXM-00973-00260867-00261071 of problems there with this accepted
1t2j_0LLNXM-00974-00261071-00261244 test with something very few people have
1t2j_0LLNXM-00975-00261246-00261365 ever heard of
1t2j_0LLNXM-00976-00261366-00261629 um if it was being used every election
1t2j_0LLNXM-00977-00261630-00261910 cycle let's say you'd probably see that
1t2j_0LLNXM-00978-00261911-00262132 published in a newspaper for example
1t2j_0LLNXM-00979-00262133-00262355 have a re-election cycle everyone in
1t2j_0LLNXM-00980-00262356-00262553 here at least be familiar with the term
1t2j_0LLNXM-00981-00262554-00262715 even if they weren't entirely German
1t2j_0LLNXM-00982-00262716-00262967 events right
1t2j_0LLNXM-00983-00262968-00263117 so
1t2j_0LLNXM-00984-00263118-00263291 yes some problems any other stuff
1t2j_0LLNXM-00985-00263292-00263477 there's some there's some really glaring
1t2j_0LLNXM-00986-00263478-00263639 things that don't even have to do with
1t2j_0LLNXM-00987-00263640-00264695 the language in the text
1t2j_0LLNXM-00988-00264696-00264893 so two big ones I'll point out there you
1t2j_0LLNXM-00989-00264894-00265025 got one
1t2j_0LLNXM-00990-00265026-00265247 okay two big ones I'll point out random
1t2j_0LLNXM-00991-00265248-00265408 capitalization
1t2j_0LLNXM-00992-00265409-00265601 okay why are some of those words
1t2j_0LLNXM-00993-00265602-00265805 capitalized that those shouldn't be
1t2j_0LLNXM-00994-00265806-00266021 havelocks okay they're doing it to draw
1t2j_0LLNXM-00995-00266022-00266195 your eye okay
1t2j_0LLNXM-00996-00266196-00266375 so clearly someone's trying to
1t2j_0LLNXM-00997-00266376-00266525 manipulate it
1t2j_0LLNXM-00998-00266526-00266729 another one why are some of the words
1t2j_0LLNXM-00999-00266730-00266969 red
1t2j_0LLNXM-01000-00266970-00267184 right they're trying to be a billion
1t2j_0LLNXM-01001-00267185-00267419 that's that's why there is no there is
1t2j_0LLNXM-01002-00267420-00267653 no reason why some of the words are red
1t2j_0LLNXM-01003-00267654-00267958 okay it's just trying to get your eye to
1t2j_0LLNXM-01004-00267959-00268210 focus on those terms so that you uh give
1t2j_0LLNXM-01005-00268211-00268367 it more Credence in this case right
1t2j_0LLNXM-01006-00268368-00268523 where its state department is called out
1t2j_0LLNXM-01007-00268524-00268805 you know and I don't even know I'm not
1t2j_0LLNXM-01008-00268806-00268984 even sure why tallies would make a big
1t2j_0LLNXM-01009-00268985-00269153 particular way but the fact that it's
1t2j_0LLNXM-01010-00269154-00269405 red is clearly trying to get you the
1t2j_0LLNXM-01011-00269406-00269608 things a particular way
1t2j_0LLNXM-01012-00269609-00269897 so here's some examples uh so some some
1t2j_0LLNXM-01013-00269898-00270077 of that some I mentioned
1t2j_0LLNXM-01014-00270078-00270406 um so some analysts like who right
1t2j_0LLNXM-01015-00270407-00270556 um tally is the state department why are
1t2j_0LLNXM-01016-00270557-00270773 they highlighted right you know uh I
1t2j_0LLNXM-01017-00270774-00270929 don't know if you can tell from kind of
1t2j_0LLNXM-01018-00270930-00271121 the back that this is actually folded as
1t2j_0LLNXM-01019-00271122-00271241 well as read
1t2j_0LLNXM-01020-00271242-00271456 um so the farm is heavier
1t2j_0LLNXM-01021-00271457-00271667 um except the test for catching relaxing
1t2j_0LLNXM-01022-00271668-00271919 fraud like when did they develop this
1t2j_0LLNXM-01023-00271920-00272123 accepted test by a state partner looking
1t2j_0LLNXM-01024-00272124-00272579 at collection fraud uh for example
1t2j_0LLNXM-01025-00272580-00272884 so yeah all right but the real Point
1t2j_0LLNXM-01026-00272885-00273275 here is about benford's lawn so
1t2j_0LLNXM-01027-00273276-00273455 a little bit of background seventy
1t2j_0LLNXM-01028-00273456-00273580 percent of the votes in Milwaukee were
1t2j_0LLNXM-01029-00273581-00274030 for Biden okay half of all Awards uh so
1t2j_0LLNXM-01030-00274031-00274367 um uh basically you have uh elections in
1t2j_0LLNXM-01031-00274368-00274547 the U.S you have like kind of the state
1t2j_0LLNXM-01032-00274548-00274703 level then you have
1t2j_0LLNXM-01033-00274704-00274882 um the ward level that you have the
1t2j_0LLNXM-01034-00274883-00275095 precinct level
1t2j_0LLNXM-01035-00275096-00275410 semi-arbitrary setups of uh the differs
1t2j_0LLNXM-01036-00275411-00275680 that how people get elected
1t2j_0LLNXM-01037-00275681-00276077 um so then total votes from 570 to 1200
1t2j_0LLNXM-01038-00276078-00276437 and the average is about 800 per reward
1t2j_0LLNXM-01039-00276438-00276719 okay they're not uniform in size but
1t2j_0LLNXM-01040-00276720-00277158 they only vary between 500 and 500.
1t2j_0LLNXM-01041-00277159-00277606 570 and 1200. the US in if you're
1t2j_0LLNXM-01042-00277607-00277732 unaware and this is essentially a
1t2j_0LLNXM-01043-00277733-00277877 two-party system at the national level
1t2j_0LLNXM-01044-00277878-00278141 so in other words if there is a vote for
1t2j_0LLNXM-01045-00278142-00278465 trump it like the other alternative side
1t2j_0LLNXM-01046-00278466-00278765 right there there's a vanishingly small
1t2j_0LLNXM-01047-00278766-00279053 uh third-party candidacy uh that you
1t2j_0LLNXM-01048-00279054-00279334 leads and how to material impact on what
1t2j_0LLNXM-01049-00279335-00279484 kind of numbers games and the US
1t2j_0LLNXM-01050-00279485-00279653 elections
1t2j_0LLNXM-01051-00279654-00279899 all right and so this was the evidence
1t2j_0LLNXM-01052-00279900-00280289 okay so the theory here is so these are
1t2j_0LLNXM-01053-00280290-00280505 uh by Ward
1t2j_0LLNXM-01054-00280506-00280889 um and the the voting and so this is the
1t2j_0LLNXM-01055-00280890-00281051 the kind of the only two that matter oh
1t2j_0LLNXM-01056-00281052-00281237 sorry this is the votes for all the
1t2j_0LLNXM-01057-00281238-00281447 candidates so first we have Biden then
1t2j_0LLNXM-01058-00281448-00281597 we have Trump and then we have kind of
1t2j_0LLNXM-01059-00281598-00281723 all the rest
1t2j_0LLNXM-01060-00281724-00281921 um and so those are largely ignorable
1t2j_0LLNXM-01061-00281922-00282155 but the point being here or the point
1t2j_0LLNXM-01062-00282156-00282358 this person was trying to make is that
1t2j_0LLNXM-01063-00282359-00282587 Trump's votes if you look at it right
1t2j_0LLNXM-01064-00282588-00282995 follow closely benford's law and Biden's
1t2j_0LLNXM-01065-00282996-00283313 votes do not okay so the argument being
1t2j_0LLNXM-01066-00283314-00283882 that there was election fraud
1t2j_0LLNXM-01067-00283883-00284093 and so the question is is this an
1t2j_0LLNXM-01068-00284094-00284297 indication of the lightning fraud and he
1t2j_0LLNXM-01069-00284298-00284501 might have guessed no
1t2j_0LLNXM-01070-00284502-00284903 so any idea why it's not because we did
1t2j_0LLNXM-01071-00284904-00285071 say you know you can use it on something
1t2j_0LLNXM-01072-00285072-00285353 like taxes but you can't use it in this
1t2j_0LLNXM-01073-00285354-00285929 mechanism
1t2j_0LLNXM-01074-00285930-00286139 no they are I mean they're still they're
1t2j_0LLNXM-01075-00286140-00286319 so Random in that sense right they're
1t2j_0LLNXM-01076-00286320-00286571 just like a tax you know uh how much I
1t2j_0LLNXM-01077-00286572-00286805 made this year is still a quasi random
1t2j_0LLNXM-01078-00286806-00286906 number
1t2j_0LLNXM-01079-00286907-00287213 right
1t2j_0LLNXM-01080-00287214-00287471 yeah even though the chance is slow it
1t2j_0LLNXM-01081-00287472-00287621 doesn't mean
1t2j_0LLNXM-01082-00287622-00287801 so it could just be a random chance
1t2j_0LLNXM-01083-00287802-00287903 right
1t2j_0LLNXM-01084-00287904-00288095 um so that is certainly possible but
1t2j_0LLNXM-01085-00288096-00288280 it's it's worse than that and I haven't
1t2j_0LLNXM-01086-00288281-00288449 really talked about it too much but
1t2j_0LLNXM-01087-00288450-00288580 remember when I first said if you had
1t2j_0LLNXM-01088-00288581-00288773 your big bag of numbers they all have to
1t2j_0LLNXM-01089-00288774-00288982 be in varying sizes different orders of
1t2j_0LLNXM-01090-00288983-00289151 magnitude
1t2j_0LLNXM-01091-00289152-00289510 the numbers between 570 and 1200 are not
1t2j_0LLNXM-01092-00289511-00289805 here I mean there's one but there's not
1t2j_0LLNXM-01093-00289806-00290225 a lot of them so it doesn't work when
1t2j_0LLNXM-01094-00290226-00290656 the sizes are really uniform and you
1t2j_0LLNXM-01095-00290657-00290837 would actually hope that um election
1t2j_0LLNXM-01096-00290838-00291095 grouping sizes should be pretty uniform
1t2j_0LLNXM-01097-00291096-00291287 across the country
1t2j_0LLNXM-01098-00291288-00291605 um so as a result you can't
1t2j_0LLNXM-01099-00291606-00291977 do this kind of analysis with this data
1t2j_0LLNXM-01100-00291978-00292253 because
1t2j_0LLNXM-01101-00292254-00292595 all of our Ward sizes were are really
1t2j_0LLNXM-01102-00292596-00292841 close in size and so benford's law
1t2j_0LLNXM-01103-00292842-00293134 doesn't apply and so this is where some
1t2j_0LLNXM-01104-00293135-00293375 of those things about like the tricks
1t2j_0LLNXM-01105-00293376-00293597 you use if you don't apply them
1t2j_0LLNXM-01106-00293598-00293758 appropriately they give you the
1t2j_0LLNXM-01107-00293759-00293915 incorrect results
1t2j_0LLNXM-01108-00293916-00294197 um there's actually a ton of political
1t2j_0LLNXM-01109-00294198-00294395 science like papers of research of
1t2j_0LLNXM-01110-00294396-00294556 people's trying to figure out how to get
1t2j_0LLNXM-01111-00294557-00294863 veterans law to apply to elections and
1t2j_0LLNXM-01112-00294864-00295073 there has been no success
1t2j_0LLNXM-01113-00295074-00295241 um like all using all different tricks
1t2j_0LLNXM-01114-00295242-00295480 but this is just one example
1t2j_0LLNXM-01115-00295481-00295679 um and I was kind of hoping some of you
1t2j_0LLNXM-01116-00295680-00295858 might have seen this because it did make
1t2j_0LLNXM-01117-00295859-00296753 huge news uh in 2016 during the election
1t2j_0LLNXM-01118-00296754-00297005 um so long story short
1t2j_0LLNXM-01119-00297006-00297347 um benford's law is useful because uh it
1t2j_0LLNXM-01120-00297348-00297569 it can give you this distribution but
1t2j_0LLNXM-01121-00297570-00297821 only when the words magnitude are kind
1t2j_0LLNXM-01122-00297822-00298006 of wildly raised
1t2j_0LLNXM-01123-00298007-00298108 um
1t2j_0LLNXM-01124-00298109-00298355 and if you if you actually dig into the
1t2j_0LLNXM-01125-00298356-00298589 map if you credit by trying to calculate
1t2j_0LLNXM-01126-00298590-00298960 it you could even see that it it just
1t2j_0LLNXM-01127-00298961-00299182 doesn't match up right
1t2j_0LLNXM-01128-00299183-00299551 um and so that's why and on top of that
1t2j_0LLNXM-01129-00299552-00299908 Chrome's core performance probably leads
1t2j_0LLNXM-01130-00299909-00300256 to why either well on like compared to
1t2j_0LLNXM-01131-00300257-00300587 benser block which kind of like
1t2j_0LLNXM-01132-00300588-00300863 all right uh if you're interested
1t2j_0LLNXM-01133-00300864-00301156 um a lot of people have recommended this
1t2j_0LLNXM-01134-00301157-00301295 Netflix
1t2j_0LLNXM-01135-00301296-00301558 um digits episode uh I haven't actually
1t2j_0LLNXM-01136-00301559-00301732 seen it um but it's supposed to be
1t2j_0LLNXM-01137-00301733-00301882 really interesting I have listened to
1t2j_0LLNXM-01138-00301883-00302056 Radiolab podcast strongly recommend
1t2j_0LLNXM-01139-00302057-00302213 Radio Lab in general they have a lot of
1t2j_0LLNXM-01140-00302214-00302339 neat stuff
1t2j_0LLNXM-01141-00302340-00302765 um but if you want to get more into it
1t2j_0LLNXM-01142-00302766-00303058 um so a counter example of veterans law
1t2j_0LLNXM-01143-00303059-00303275 is really what we're talking about all
1t2j_0LLNXM-01144-00303276-00303401 right kind of moving on to something
1t2j_0LLNXM-01145-00303402-00303623 completely different
1t2j_0LLNXM-01146-00303624-00304193 um which is
1t2j_0LLNXM-01147-00304194-00304319 so
1t2j_0LLNXM-01148-00304320-00304523 the question here is what is the 88
1t2j_0LLNXM-01149-00304524-00304889 percentile given this set of divots
1t2j_0LLNXM-01150-00304890-00305117 well what we do is
1t2j_0LLNXM-01151-00305118-00305332 and this is where
1t2j_0LLNXM-01152-00305333-00305399 um
1t2j_0LLNXM-01153-00305400-00305675 it's kind of important because we do it
1t2j_0LLNXM-01154-00305676-00305908 here when we say percentile it's a
1t2j_0LLNXM-01155-00305909-00306137 little bit different than when you say
1t2j_0LLNXM-01156-00306138-00306443 like what's 50 you know where's the 50
1t2j_0LLNXM-01157-00306444-00306647 of something
1t2j_0LLNXM-01158-00306648-00306893 um and so what we do is we actually make
1t2j_0LLNXM-01159-00306894-00307223 sure they're in order okay like like uh
1t2j_0LLNXM-01160-00307224-00307510 in like numerical order and then we do
1t2j_0LLNXM-01161-00307511-00307793 it by kind of position and the number
1t2j_0LLNXM-01162-00307794-00308165 has to appear okay so in other words
1t2j_0LLNXM-01163-00308166-00308377 um
1t2j_0LLNXM-01164-00308378-00308579 oh there you go
1t2j_0LLNXM-01165-00308580-00308867 yeah so we convert it and then we get to
1t2j_0LLNXM-01166-00308868-00309095 the ordered element four because we want
1t2j_0LLNXM-01167-00309096-00309454 to say the 80th percentile okay
1t2j_0LLNXM-01168-00309455-00309706 um
1t2j_0LLNXM-01169-00309707-00310067 yeah and about counting from
1t2j_0LLNXM-01170-00310068-00310253 wait
1t2j_0LLNXM-01171-00310254-00310589 yeah so sorry I got confused by the five
1t2j_0LLNXM-01172-00310590-00310751 and the Seven
1t2j_0LLNXM-01173-00310752-00310943 um but for the 80th percentile is the
1t2j_0LLNXM-01174-00310944-00311171 order in element four because when you
1t2j_0LLNXM-01175-00311172-00311434 divide 80 by 100 and then multiply it by
1t2j_0LLNXM-01176-00311435-00311704 the fifth that's where you get to in the
1t2j_0LLNXM-01177-00311705-00311969 position and so that's how we know what
1t2j_0LLNXM-01178-00311970-00312184 the thin pile is we're going to be using
1t2j_0LLNXM-01179-00312185-00312425 this um in particular we're going to be
1t2j_0LLNXM-01180-00312426-00312653 using it using a function called
1t2j_0LLNXM-01181-00312654-00312923 percentile so uh I want you to know how
1t2j_0LLNXM-01182-00312924-00313175 it works so the percentile is ordered
1t2j_0LLNXM-01183-00313176-00313379 element three in this case
1t2j_0LLNXM-01184-00313380-00313547 um because even though it should be two
1t2j_0LLNXM-01185-00313548-00313654 and a half
1t2j_0LLNXM-01186-00313655-00313853 that number doesn't appear so we take
1t2j_0LLNXM-01187-00313854-00314189 the next one off okay so we take in this
1t2j_0LLNXM-01188-00314190-00314489 case we take five more the the mill okay
1t2j_0LLNXM-01189-00314490-00314710 so they're fifty percent
1t2j_0LLNXM-01190-00314711-00314908 um so instead of it being two and a half
1t2j_0LLNXM-01191-00314909-00315101 it's actually three
1t2j_0LLNXM-01192-00315102-00315310 um which is probably slightly different
1t2j_0LLNXM-01193-00315311-00315491 than what you might expect
1t2j_0LLNXM-01194-00315492-00315719 there's not any kind of average it's the
1t2j_0LLNXM-01195-00315720-00316247 it's that position
1t2j_0LLNXM-01196-00316248-00316769 and
1t2j_0LLNXM-01197-00316770-00317075 the reason we care right is because we
1t2j_0LLNXM-01198-00317076-00317327 sometimes care about the medians and the
1t2j_0LLNXM-01199-00317328-00317584 next kind of block of ways of doing
1t2j_0LLNXM-01200-00317585-00317819 testing is using the median rather than
1t2j_0LLNXM-01201-00317820-00317999 the need and so we want to talk about
1t2j_0LLNXM-01202-00318000-00318256 how do we get to the median so the
1t2j_0LLNXM-01203-00318257-00318449 median is the number at the 50th
1t2j_0LLNXM-01204-00318450-00318599 percentile
1t2j_0LLNXM-01205-00318600-00318880 um because the number as you probably
1t2j_0LLNXM-01206-00318881-00319229 all know right a median has to appear in
1t2j_0LLNXM-01207-00319230-00319553 the set whereas an average does not
1t2j_0LLNXM-01208-00319554-00319763 right
1t2j_0LLNXM-01209-00319764-00320056 so an immediately must be there so we
1t2j_0LLNXM-01210-00320057-00320321 can just use the percentile to say okay
1t2j_0LLNXM-01211-00320322-00320597 where's the 50th percentile and that
1t2j_0LLNXM-01212-00320598-00321893 would be the median
1t2j_0LLNXM-01213-00321894-00322084 then
1t2j_0LLNXM-01214-00322085-00322384 this is
1t2j_0LLNXM-01215-00322385-00322721 um and so
1t2j_0LLNXM-01216-00322722-00323008 this is kind of the the real explanation
1t2j_0LLNXM-01217-00323009-00323213 which is that you know whatever
1t2j_0LLNXM-01218-00323214-00323453 percentile is the smallest value in a
1t2j_0LLNXM-01219-00323454-00323782 set is at least at large as that
1t2j_0LLNXM-01220-00323783-00324095 percentage of the elements okay so it
1t2j_0LLNXM-01221-00324096-00324221 has to be
1t2j_0LLNXM-01222-00324222-00324539 over whatever that number is so it you
1t2j_0LLNXM-01223-00324540-00324737 know we want 50 and there's five of them
1t2j_0LLNXM-01224-00324738-00324947 which would be two and a half that means
1t2j_0LLNXM-01225-00324948-00325277 it's got to be the position about that
1t2j_0LLNXM-01226-00325278-00325758 um and
1t2j_0LLNXM-01227-00325759-00326051 uh which if you tell it the percentage
1t2j_0LLNXM-01228-00326052-00326213 you want and then the set of values
1t2j_0LLNXM-01229-00326214-00326430 select an array it'll give you back that
1t2j_0LLNXM-01230-00326431-00326765 so it's really useful to get the median
1t2j_0LLNXM-01231-00326766-00327389 and mostly how we use it
1t2j_0LLNXM-01232-00327390-00328451 so
1t2j_0LLNXM-01233-00328452-00328667 so the first thing we do is we want to
1t2j_0LLNXM-01234-00328668-00329015 sort it right and conveniently we can
1t2j_0LLNXM-01235-00329016-00329177 actually
1t2j_0LLNXM-01236-00329178-00329345 sort
1t2j_0LLNXM-01237-00329346-00329980 by using function oh sorry oops
1t2j_0LLNXM-01238-00329981-00330167 so that just give it back to you Ray
1t2j_0LLNXM-01239-00330168-00330310 sorted
1t2j_0LLNXM-01240-00330311-00330491 um and so we could manually figure this
1t2j_0LLNXM-01241-00330492-00330599 out
1t2j_0LLNXM-01242-00330600-00330965 um and then we can find out
1t2j_0LLNXM-01243-00330966-00331265 where
1t2j_0LLNXM-01244-00331266-00331841 Yeah so basically this is going to say
1t2j_0LLNXM-01245-00331842-00332171 sorry about that error
1t2j_0LLNXM-01246-00332172-00332513 module
1t2j_0LLNXM-01247-00332514-00332704 all right so
1t2j_0LLNXM-01248-00332705-00332860 what we can now do is figure out the
1t2j_0LLNXM-01249-00332861-00333184 50th or somehow so one of the things
1t2j_0LLNXM-01250-00333185-00333358 um that I pointed out that was a bug in
1t2j_0LLNXM-01251-00333359-00333593 midterm guide this is marvelous
1t2j_0LLNXM-01252-00333594-00333929 um and so that'll be it's kind of like a
1t2j_0LLNXM-01253-00333930-00334145 remainder right
1t2j_0LLNXM-01254-00334146-00334391 um but the reason we care is we need it
1t2j_0LLNXM-01255-00334392-00334732 to calculate this function
1t2j_0LLNXM-01256-00334733-00335273 which would be
1t2j_0LLNXM-01257-00335274-00336167 sure
1t2j_0LLNXM-01258-00336168-00336358 looking at the stuff that's left out in
1t2j_0LLNXM-01259-00336359-00336610 this one that's right you can
1t2j_0LLNXM-01260-00336611-00337601 bring Jager let's look
1t2j_0LLNXM-01261-00337602-00337913 okay so if we normally try to compute
1t2j_0LLNXM-01262-00337914-00338213 where we want that position right
1t2j_0LLNXM-01263-00338214-00338441 um we could end up with this kind of
1t2j_0LLNXM-01264-00338442-00338747 float Edition which it's kind of hard to
1t2j_0LLNXM-01265-00338748-00338980 work with right so we have to do we have
1t2j_0LLNXM-01266-00338981-00339113 to go grab it and we have to go around
1t2j_0LLNXM-01267-00339114-00339347 it and then we can get the one that we
1t2j_0LLNXM-01268-00339348-00339569 actually want so in other words we take
1t2j_0LLNXM-01269-00339570-00339797 first we do the division
1t2j_0LLNXM-01270-00339798-00340115 to figure out okay we want the what was
1t2j_0LLNXM-01271-00340116-00340445 the 50th the 55th percentile so we
1t2j_0LLNXM-01272-00340446-00340739 divide 55 divided by 100 and then
1t2j_0LLNXM-01273-00340740-00340906 multiply that by the number of elements
1t2j_0LLNXM-01274-00340907-00341219 in the set until we get to uh the kind
1t2j_0LLNXM-01275-00341220-00341513 of the middle it would be a 3.3 okay so
1t2j_0LLNXM-01276-00341514-00341704 then we take that 3.3 and then we look
1t2j_0LLNXM-01277-00341705-00342017 for the next number that is higher than
1t2j_0LLNXM-01278-00342018-00342251 that and so that would be but it's by a
1t2j_0LLNXM-01279-00342252-00342473 position right so it's the fourth
1t2j_0LLNXM-01280-00342474-00342767 position and so then we end up with the
1t2j_0LLNXM-01281-00342768-00342965 fourth position but if we go back to our
1t2j_0LLNXM-01282-00342966-00343199 original array here what is the fourth
1t2j_0LLNXM-01283-00343200-00343510 position well it's 34.
1t2j_0LLNXM-01284-00343511-00343684 that make sense
1t2j_0LLNXM-01285-00343685-00343882 they said it's pretty straightforward
1t2j_0LLNXM-01286-00343883-00344069 all you're trying to do is you you do a
1t2j_0LLNXM-01287-00344070-00344243 little bit of division you can find kind
1t2j_0LLNXM-01288-00344244-00344471 of that Middle Point or that point that
1t2j_0LLNXM-01289-00344472-00344645 you wanted to percentile and then take
1t2j_0LLNXM-01290-00344646-00344915 the next digit above it
1t2j_0LLNXM-01291-00344916-00345449 headlines indeed territory
1t2j_0LLNXM-01292-00345450-00345725 and then
1t2j_0LLNXM-01293-00345726-00346025 we're gonna skip this part well actually
1t2j_0LLNXM-01294-00346026-00346193 I'll leave this here because it's a
1t2j_0LLNXM-01295-00346194-00346349 little bit easier way to do that which
1t2j_0LLNXM-01296-00346350-00346571 is we can actually View and remember I'm
1t2j_0LLNXM-01297-00346572-00346834 converting to an inch so that it loses
1t2j_0LLNXM-01298-00346835-00346973 its uh
1t2j_0LLNXM-01299-00346974-00349367 definitely
1t2j_0LLNXM-01300-00349368-00349589 okay and so this is just a little bit
1t2j_0LLNXM-01301-00349590-00349745 different I wanted to show you that
1t2j_0LLNXM-01302-00349746-00349925 there are also these other convenience
1t2j_0LLNXM-01303-00349926-00350182 functions like sealed which is short for
1t2j_0LLNXM-01304-00350183-00350387 ceiling okay it's almost always shorten
1t2j_0LLNXM-01305-00350388-00350627 the seal the fidgeting the top so the
1t2j_0LLNXM-01306-00350628-00350789 next fold over
1t2j_0LLNXM-01307-00350790-00350849 um
1t2j_0LLNXM-01308-00350850-00351095 and then so we can kind of calculate it
1t2j_0LLNXM-01309-00351096-00351310 that way as well
1t2j_0LLNXM-01310-00351311-00351604 but the easiest way to do it is to
1t2j_0LLNXM-01311-00351605-00352301 actually use that percentile function
1t2j_0LLNXM-01312-00352302-00352523 which will largely be using for median
1t2j_0LLNXM-01313-00352524-00352804 but I will say this is something that is
1t2j_0LLNXM-01314-00352805-00353063 a very easy thing to test
1t2j_0LLNXM-01315-00353064-00353278 um so it's likely that it would appear
1t2j_0LLNXM-01316-00353279-00353537 on an exam or a quiz or something
1t2j_0LLNXM-01317-00353538-00354125 it really happens again
1t2j_0LLNXM-01318-00354126-00354401 all right
1t2j_0LLNXM-01319-00354402-00354773 so just a couple of simple examples
1t2j_0LLNXM-01320-00354774-00354982 um
1t2j_0LLNXM-01321-00354983-00355343 of those various percentiles and like I
1t2j_0LLNXM-01322-00355344-00355456 said they should be pretty
1t2j_0LLNXM-01323-00355457-00355582 straightforward if you have any
1t2j_0LLNXM-01324-00355583-00355708 questions
1t2j_0LLNXM-01325-00355709-00356165 let me know
1t2j_0LLNXM-01326-00356166-00356556 um but what we want to get to next time
1t2j_0LLNXM-01327-00356557-00356782 uh okay
1t2j_0LLNXM-01328-00356783-00357041 so
1t2j_0LLNXM-01329-00357042-00357299 but why are we doing a lot of this work
1t2j_0LLNXM-01330-00357300-00357443 right is that we're trying to do
1t2j_0LLNXM-01331-00357444-00357730 estimations right so we want to know
1t2j_0LLNXM-01332-00357731-00357971 um you know we have we have this
1t2j_0LLNXM-01333-00357972-00358223 observed value let's say we want to know
1t2j_0LLNXM-01334-00358224-00358619 is that like the actual you know what
1t2j_0LLNXM-01335-00358620-00358841 happens what happens is is that observed
1t2j_0LLNXM-01336-00358842-00358973 thing
1t2j_0LLNXM-01337-00358974-00359230 where we expect it to be so you take the
1t2j_0LLNXM-01338-00359231-00359567 Alameda County Durham population
1t2j_0LLNXM-01339-00359568-00359789 we have this observation of what
1t2j_0LLNXM-01340-00359790-00360028 actually ends up in the jury pools
1t2j_0LLNXM-01341-00360029-00360245 um and then we can also do a simulation
1t2j_0LLNXM-01342-00360246-00360454 to say what should it end up in the jury
1t2j_0LLNXM-01343-00360455-00360665 pools and prepare those two so we're
1t2j_0LLNXM-01344-00360666-00360880 trying to do estimation so it's kind of
1t2j_0LLNXM-01345-00360881-00361013 another way to think about some of the
1t2j_0LLNXM-01346-00361014-00361295 earlier slides which is that first we
1t2j_0LLNXM-01347-00361296-00361577 have access to defensives and I want to
1t2j_0LLNXM-01348-00361578-00361901 point out we'll note a small C okay so
1t2j_0LLNXM-01349-00361902-00362327 census means a perfect set of data okay
1t2j_0LLNXM-01350-00362328-00362713 so large C since this is the U.S census
1t2j_0LLNXM-01351-00362714-00363010 which is in theory account of all the
1t2j_0LLNXM-01352-00363011-00363293 people in the US so it is a perfect
1t2j_0LLNXM-01353-00363294-00363508 census with a small C
1t2j_0LLNXM-01354-00363509-00363725 okay but when we say sentence like this
1t2j_0LLNXM-01355-00363726-00363947 but the lowercase C what we mean is
1t2j_0LLNXM-01356-00363948-00364247 a full data set okay versus like a
1t2j_0LLNXM-01357-00364248-00364373 sample
1t2j_0LLNXM-01358-00364374-00364649 if we have access to it we can just
1t2j_0LLNXM-01359-00364650-00364853 calculate the parameter right we don't
1t2j_0LLNXM-01360-00364854-00365093 we don't need to do much of anything so
1t2j_0LLNXM-01361-00365094-00365273 we know we know we have very good data
1t2j_0LLNXM-01362-00365274-00365465 until we can just calculate whatever it
1t2j_0LLNXM-01363-00365466-00365663 is we're looking for but it's much more
1t2j_0LLNXM-01364-00365664-00365932 likely to have right is we have some
1t2j_0LLNXM-01365-00365933-00366353 portion of the census data and so we are
1t2j_0LLNXM-01366-00366354-00366545 kind of on that no route and we would
1t2j_0LLNXM-01367-00366546-00366760 take a random sample from it and then we
1t2j_0LLNXM-01368-00366761-00366928 determine its certificate to do as an
1t2j_0LLNXM-01369-00366929-00367163 exhibit and then we have the best and
1t2j_0LLNXM-01370-00367164-00367937 then we usually do a bunch of times
1t2j_0LLNXM-01371-00367938-00368182 all right and so
1t2j_0LLNXM-01372-00368183-00368404 what we are starting to care about is
1t2j_0LLNXM-01373-00368405-00368639 like how is like kind of measuring our
1t2j_0LLNXM-01374-00368640-00368939 accuracy is how how correct are the
1t2j_0LLNXM-01375-00368940-00369154 things that we're doing and so obviously
1t2j_0LLNXM-01376-00369155-00369430 if we do one sample we get one estimate
1t2j_0LLNXM-01377-00369431-00369719 which may or may not be actually
1t2j_0LLNXM-01378-00369720-00370001 do it right because Randomness comes
1t2j_0LLNXM-01379-00370002-00370253 into play so who knows if it was a good
1t2j_0LLNXM-01380-00370254-00370451 one so maybe we should try it a bunch of
1t2j_0LLNXM-01381-00370452-00370528 times
1t2j_0LLNXM-01382-00370529-00370919 and so when we do that let's say we do
1t2j_0LLNXM-01383-00370920-00371080 try it multiple times or we want to do
1t2j_0LLNXM-01384-00371081-00371225 it on an individual level while we're
1t2j_0LLNXM-01385-00371226-00371458 doing going along we want to quantify
1t2j_0LLNXM-01386-00371459-00371789 how uncertain we are and so this is kind
1t2j_0LLNXM-01387-00371790-00371999 of the terminology we use for that
1t2j_0LLNXM-01388-00372000-00372208 where we say the estimate is equal to
1t2j_0LLNXM-01389-00372209-00372365 the parameter plus the error and the
1t2j_0LLNXM-01390-00372366-00372521 error is equal to the S Sub minus the
1t2j_0LLNXM-01391-00372522-00372743 parameter right it's been converted but
1t2j_0LLNXM-01392-00372744-00372965 if you notice the error is random we
1t2j_0LLNXM-01393-00372966-00373067 don't know what the error will be
1t2j_0LLNXM-01394-00373068-00373343 because it's direct result of the random
1t2j_0LLNXM-01395-00373344-00373558 sampling we did
1t2j_0LLNXM-01396-00373559-00373799 and then the estimate is that kind of
1t2j_0LLNXM-01397-00373800-00373906 the thing we're looking for so that's
1t2j_0LLNXM-01398-00373907-00374051 the variable that's the thing is going
1t2j_0LLNXM-01399-00374052-00374153 to change
1t2j_0LLNXM-01400-00374154-00374380 and then the parameter that's kind of
1t2j_0LLNXM-01401-00374381-00374554 whatever our input is so that's going to
1t2j_0LLNXM-01402-00374555-00374675 be fixed
1t2j_0LLNXM-01403-00374676-00374956 it doesn't change I mean it changes per
1t2j_0LLNXM-01404-00374957-00375184 test but it doesn't change it can't
1t2j_0LLNXM-01405-00375185-00375353 compare
1t2j_0LLNXM-01406-00375354-00375497 um and then
1t2j_0LLNXM-01407-00375498-00375701 what we really care about right is that
1t2j_0LLNXM-01408-00375702-00375982 how big is the typical error and if we
1t2j_0LLNXM-01409-00375983-00376204 if we have part of the census we can do
1t2j_0LLNXM-01410-00376205-00376810 this by simulation
1t2j_0LLNXM-01411-00376811-00377128 and so let's do it over and over again
1t2j_0LLNXM-01412-00377129-00377399 because and this is the big thing at the
1t2j_0LLNXM-01413-00377400-00377663 bottom here is that we can't go back and
1t2j_0LLNXM-01414-00377664-00377878 Sample again for the population because
1t2j_0LLNXM-01415-00377879-00378101 it costs Electronics so using the
1t2j_0LLNXM-01416-00378102-00378287 example the smoker is a non-profen birth
1t2j_0LLNXM-01417-00378288-00378521 weight in theory we did go to the
1t2j_0LLNXM-01418-00378522-00378682 hospitals and go collect that data again
1t2j_0LLNXM-01419-00378683-00379054 and do a bunch of observations right but
1t2j_0LLNXM-01420-00379055-00379354 it's expensive both to like collect the
1t2j_0LLNXM-01421-00379355-00379541 data you know the F goal boards or
1t2j_0LLNXM-01422-00379542-00379660 whatever to find out if we should
1t2j_0LLNXM-01423-00379661-00379841 collect the data as well as actually
1t2j_0LLNXM-01424-00379842-00380075 calculating it and you know getting it
1t2j_0LLNXM-01425-00380076-00380243 all together so we can find ways to
1t2j_0LLNXM-01426-00380244-00380434 simulate it we're easily in much better
1t2j_0LLNXM-01427-00380435-00381730 key
1t2j_0LLNXM-01428-00381731-00382025 all right so what this is going to show
1t2j_0LLNXM-01429-00382026-00382330 is essentially doing an estimation
1t2j_0LLNXM-01430-00382331-00382480 um but kind of starting to leverage
1t2j_0LLNXM-01431-00382481-00382793 media surrounding then averages or other
1t2j_0LLNXM-01432-00382794-00383056 other mechanisms so the first thing we
1t2j_0LLNXM-01433-00383057-00383393 do is hold up
1t2j_0LLNXM-01434-00383394-00383771 this is real world beta that I got
1t2j_0LLNXM-01435-00383772-00384067 a year or two ago uh from
1t2j_0LLNXM-01436-00384068-00384299 data.boston.com so this is actually
1t2j_0LLNXM-01437-00384300-00384497 employees of the city and how much money
1t2j_0LLNXM-01438-00384498-00384593 it is
1t2j_0LLNXM-01439-00384594-00384839 um because it is all public information
1t2j_0LLNXM-01440-00384840-00385019 um and so this is just the table of that
1t2j_0LLNXM-01441-00385020-00385282 data a couple things uh you know I'm up
1t2j_0LLNXM-01442-00385283-00385510 with the employee ID so they can't be
1t2j_0LLNXM-01443-00385511-00385732 not back with will people
1t2j_0LLNXM-01444-00385733-00385960 um not that I actually had to because it
1t2j_0LLNXM-01445-00385961-00386110 is public
1t2j_0LLNXM-01446-00386111-00386284 um but then what department they work in
1t2j_0LLNXM-01447-00386285-00386525 what their title is then the thing I
1t2j_0LLNXM-01448-00386526-00386723 want to put out really here is that they
1t2j_0LLNXM-01449-00386724-00386878 have regular pay
1t2j_0LLNXM-01450-00386879-00387239 they have retroactive pay so uh this is
1t2j_0LLNXM-01451-00387240-00387503 where somebody has a job
1t2j_0LLNXM-01452-00387504-00387721 and they got promoted and say in
1t2j_0LLNXM-01453-00387722-00388091 February but the they got salary rates
1t2j_0LLNXM-01454-00388092-00388330 for it but that salary raise doesn't
1t2j_0LLNXM-01455-00388331-00388589 happen until say March okay they'll
1t2j_0LLNXM-01456-00388590-00388787 actually be paid for whenever they got
1t2j_0LLNXM-01457-00388788-00389056 the original uh promotion
1t2j_0LLNXM-01458-00389057-00389206 um and so that would be retroactive okay
1t2j_0LLNXM-01459-00389207-00389530 other is exactly that other some other
1t2j_0LLNXM-01460-00389531-00389765 way of making money over time so anytime
1t2j_0LLNXM-01461-00389766-00389963 they spent uh outside of normal work
1t2j_0LLNXM-01462-00389964-00390215 hours and got paid for it injured so
1t2j_0LLNXM-01463-00390216-00390382 they were injured on the job but they
1t2j_0LLNXM-01464-00390383-00390551 still collected
1t2j_0LLNXM-01465-00390552-00390821 um money which isn't exactly salary at
1t2j_0LLNXM-01466-00390822-00390989 that point because it's it's kind of
1t2j_0LLNXM-01467-00390990-00391097 special it comes out of insurance
1t2j_0LLNXM-01468-00391098-00391319 instead of coming out of normal pockets
1t2j_0LLNXM-01469-00391320-00391613 and then detail they said something
1t2j_0LLNXM-01470-00391614-00391847 that's a little bit unique to uh Boston
1t2j_0LLNXM-01471-00391848-00392147 which is that there's a certain kind of
1t2j_0LLNXM-01472-00392148-00392447 overtime that the police can do uh which
1t2j_0LLNXM-01473-00392448-00392741 is called being on a detail and so
1t2j_0LLNXM-01474-00392742-00392969 that's paid for that so if you ever seen
1t2j_0LLNXM-01475-00392970-00393191 a cop at a construction site that's a
1t2j_0LLNXM-01476-00393192-00393341 that's actually a detail and it's not
1t2j_0LLNXM-01477-00393342-00393575 part of their normal work construction
1t2j_0LLNXM-01478-00393576-00393821 sites uh free rules there's another one
1t2j_0LLNXM-01479-00393822-00394049 where you do it on detail parades or off
1t2j_0LLNXM-01480-00394050-00394180 in detail
1t2j_0LLNXM-01481-00394181-00394337 um so it's kind of like how you know
1t2j_0LLNXM-01482-00394338-00394547 like overtime but it's over time where
1t2j_0LLNXM-01483-00394548-00394877 you're doing not normal police work
1t2j_0LLNXM-01484-00394878-00395093 so the reason I put all that out is
1t2j_0LLNXM-01485-00395094-00395428 because we can look at
1t2j_0LLNXM-01486-00395429-00395639 who is making most money because that's
1t2j_0LLNXM-01487-00395640-00395878 always
1t2j_0LLNXM-01488-00395879-00396149 and
1t2j_0LLNXM-01489-00396150-00396467 how would we do that so we can just sort
1t2j_0LLNXM-01490-00396468-00396587 the data
1t2j_0LLNXM-01491-00396588-00398680 uh
1t2j_0LLNXM-01492-00398681-00399028 and if you notice now you see why I have
1t2j_0LLNXM-01493-00399029-00399221 mentioning all the details about police
1t2j_0LLNXM-01494-00399222-00399610 uh because as you can see police are Far
1t2j_0LLNXM-01495-00399611-00399880 and Away make the most money in the city
1t2j_0LLNXM-01496-00399881-00400078 um in fact the highest paid ones a
1t2j_0LLNXM-01497-00400079-00400337 couple years ago actually is right in
1t2j_0LLNXM-01498-00400338-00400643 the neighborhood of a 300 000 a year
1t2j_0LLNXM-01499-00400644-00401278 um
1t2j_0LLNXM-01500-00401279-00401460 um and so
1t2j_0LLNXM-01501-00401461-00401765 but let's try to look at what we care
1t2j_0LLNXM-01502-00401766-00401932 about in this particular basis let's
1t2j_0LLNXM-01503-00401933-00402071 look at people who make the least amount
1t2j_0LLNXM-01504-00402072-00402352 of money now this is where we get into
1t2j_0LLNXM-01505-00402353-00402497 kind of some of that data cleaning
1t2j_0LLNXM-01506-00402498-00402815 problems right which is that okay this
1t2j_0LLNXM-01507-00402816-00402973 employee right
1t2j_0LLNXM-01508-00402974-00403445 3810487 made 38 cents that year
1t2j_0LLNXM-01509-00403446-00403613 okay that does not seem like a great
1t2j_0LLNXM-01510-00403614-00403865 salary right so what's likely here is
1t2j_0LLNXM-01511-00403866-00403984 that this person is actually a
1t2j_0LLNXM-01512-00403985-00404230 substitute teacher or a nurse and so
1t2j_0LLNXM-01513-00404231-00404482 they didn't happen to work that year but
1t2j_0LLNXM-01514-00404483-00404669 for whatever reason they still got paid
1t2j_0LLNXM-01515-00404670-00404873 38 cents they just people on the payroll
1t2j_0LLNXM-01516-00404874-00405178 who knows right but so so it's they're
1t2j_0LLNXM-01517-00405179-00405484 in here but they're now really data so
1t2j_0LLNXM-01518-00405485-00405695 maybe we wanted to try to exclude them
1t2j_0LLNXM-01519-00405696-00405989 but we need to kind of exclude them like
1t2j_0LLNXM-01520-00405990-00406210 legitimately so maybe we'll be thinking
1t2j_0LLNXM-01521-00406211-00406456 about doing is instead of just whacking
1t2j_0LLNXM-01522-00406457-00406684 anything that's less than or anything is
1t2j_0LLNXM-01523-00406685-00406925 equal to 38 cents maybe we could do it
1t2j_0LLNXM-01524-00406926-00407206 like and we do it based on a salary
1t2j_0LLNXM-01525-00407207-00407471 range so in the us we'd have something
1t2j_0LLNXM-01526-00407472-00407627 called minimum wage
1t2j_0LLNXM-01527-00407628-00407843 uh minimum wage is the minimum you can
1t2j_0LLNXM-01528-00407844-00408167 be paid uh it is there's a number that
1t2j_0LLNXM-01529-00408168-00408377 is set at the national level that any
1t2j_0LLNXM-01530-00408378-00408569 individual State can either meet or
1t2j_0LLNXM-01531-00408570-00408743 exceed but they're not allowed to go
1t2j_0LLNXM-01532-00408744-00409073 under it so in Massachusetts
1t2j_0LLNXM-01533-00409074-00409391 uh this this keeps changing on me so I
1t2j_0LLNXM-01534-00409392-00409577 give her if I'm correct but I think it's
1t2j_0LLNXM-01535-00409578-00409889 uh 14 45 whatever maybe
1t2j_0LLNXM-01536-00409889-00410110 um but they uh a couple years ago they
1t2j_0LLNXM-01537-00410112-00410272 established policy to say it's going to
1t2j_0LLNXM-01538-00410273-00410543 go up by like a dollar a year uh up to
1t2j_0LLNXM-01539-00410543-00410789 15 15 I think and I can't remember where
1t2j_0LLNXM-01540-00410789-00411053 we are in a timeline
1t2j_0LLNXM-01541-00411054-00411347 is it 15 yeah
1t2j_0LLNXM-01542-00411347-00411616 um okay so it's 15 an hour
1t2j_0LLNXM-01543-00411617-00411772 um and then
1t2j_0LLNXM-01544-00411773-00412066 we work 40 hours a week and then we will
1t2j_0LLNXM-01545-00412067-00412228 just save for the sake of argument goes
1t2j_0LLNXM-01546-00412229-00412559 to two hours or 52 weeks in the year
1t2j_0LLNXM-01547-00412560-00412720 um there are actually hits two weeks in
1t2j_0LLNXM-01548-00412721-00412853 here but normally when you do
1t2j_0LLNXM-01549-00412854-00412960 calculations like this you take
1t2j_0LLNXM-01550-00412962-00413170 notification uh which is typically
1t2j_0LLNXM-01551-00413171-00413380 usually used regularly like two weeks a
1t2j_0LLNXM-01552-00413381-00413639 year so you usually use
1t2j_0LLNXM-01553-00413639-00413764 um
1t2j_0LLNXM-01554-00413766-00414107 uh 40 yard week 50 beats instead 52
1t2j_0LLNXM-01555-00414108-00414305 which ultimately they come down to 15
1t2j_0LLNXM-01556-00414306-00414563 000 hours to the standard unit
1t2j_0LLNXM-01557-00414564-00415132 um so let's say 31 or 31 000 200
1t2j_0LLNXM-01558-00415133-00415480 um and so now we can kind of instead now
1t2j_0LLNXM-01559-00415481-00415714 legitimately take out data by saying you
1t2j_0LLNXM-01560-00415716-00415828 know what we're actually going to remove
1t2j_0LLNXM-01561-00415829-00416128 anyone who's making less than minimum
1t2j_0LLNXM-01562-00416129-00416363 wage because we know they must be
1t2j_0LLNXM-01563-00416364-00416584 anomalous right because they're making
1t2j_0LLNXM-01564-00416585-00416795 less than minimum wage so they're and
1t2j_0LLNXM-01565-00416796-00417016 they're not you know serving staff at a
1t2j_0LLNXM-01566-00417017-00417166 restaurant there may be less than
1t2j_0LLNXM-01567-00417167-00417491 minimum wage so we know that that salary
1t2j_0LLNXM-01568-00417492-00417784 whatever they're getting must be unusual
1t2j_0LLNXM-01569-00417785-00417989 and so that's a very easy copy out we
1t2j_0LLNXM-01570-00417989-00418174 can make is that we only looked at the
1t2j_0LLNXM-01571-00418175-00418330 data for employees who are making
1t2j_0LLNXM-01572-00418331-00418660 minimum wage or a month
1t2j_0LLNXM-01573-00418662-00418991 so
1t2j_0LLNXM-01574-00418992-00419207 how do we do that well we just pull it
1t2j_0LLNXM-01575-00419208-00419374 out
1t2j_0LLNXM-01576-00419375-00419722 and we can just use the where
1t2j_0LLNXM-01577-00419723-00420155 the little earnings
1t2j_0LLNXM-01578-00420156-00420293 um
1t2j_0LLNXM-01579-00420293-00420916 oops
1t2j_0LLNXM-01580-00420917-00421372 actually this is the invert set
1t2j_0LLNXM-01581-00421373-00421679 because we want to do both
1t2j_0LLNXM-01582-00421680-00422764 closely because I hate losing data
1t2j_0LLNXM-01583-00422765-00423814 what was it
1t2j_0LLNXM-01584-00423815-00424013 okay so now we have two tables right we
1t2j_0LLNXM-01585-00424014-00424193 have everybody who's kind of an
1t2j_0LLNXM-01586-00424193-00424372 anomalous category and now we've
1t2j_0LLNXM-01587-00424373-00424589 replaced our original table with own
1t2j_0LLNXM-01588-00424589-00424895 people getting over that minimum wage
1t2j_0LLNXM-01589-00424896-00425189 all right and so now we can look at we
1t2j_0LLNXM-01590-00425189-00425405 can kind of take that data set and now
1t2j_0LLNXM-01591-00425406-00425657 actually do some analysis on Boston
1t2j_0LLNXM-01592-00425658-00425868 employee data
1t2j_0LLNXM-01593-00425869-00426070 controlling for whatever that weird
1t2j_0LLNXM-01594-00426071-00426329 anomaly or whatever weird it onwards
1t2j_0LLNXM-01595-00426330-00426533 might be belonging which
1t2j_0LLNXM-01596-00426534-00426839 um so
1t2j_0LLNXM-01597-00426839-00427079 we can create the some bins and we can
1t2j_0LLNXM-01598-00427080-00427210 look at where that population
1t2j_0LLNXM-01599-00427212-00427409 distribution is
1t2j_0LLNXM-01600-00427410-00427631 um and what's kind of interesting here
1t2j_0LLNXM-01601-00427632-00427793 right is the vast majority of the
1t2j_0LLNXM-01602-00427793-00428087 population is between 50
1t2j_0LLNXM-01603-00428088-00428291 000 and 150 000
1t2j_0LLNXM-01604-00428292-00428422 um and then we start to have these
1t2j_0LLNXM-01605-00428423-00428789 outliers will make a lot more money
1t2j_0LLNXM-01606-00428789-00429239 so
1t2j_0LLNXM-01607-00429239-00429557 we can also pull a sample out of it so
1t2j_0LLNXM-01608-00429558-00429827 that we can start to do some modeling
1t2j_0LLNXM-01609-00429828-00429983 around this feedback if you come up with
1t2j_0LLNXM-01610-00429984-00430139 hypothesis and then try to figure out
1t2j_0LLNXM-01611-00430139-00430360 something interesting about it for
1t2j_0LLNXM-01612-00430362-00430493 example
1t2j_0LLNXM-01613-00430493-00430757 when we looked at
1t2j_0LLNXM-01614-00430758-00431009 the quality Irish yeah so we've been
1t2j_0LLNXM-01615-00431010-00431141 bought the median
1t2j_0LLNXM-01616-00431142-00431279 um I thought we had the Irish here too
1t2j_0LLNXM-01617-00431280-00431591 but long story short uh you mean that
1t2j_0LLNXM-01618-00431592-00431741 Central folks didn't get the median
1t2j_0LLNXM-01619-00431742-00431939 which is a lot easier
1t2j_0LLNXM-01620-00431939-00432214 um and what I want to point out here is
1t2j_0LLNXM-01621-00432215-00432593 that top median is from calling NP media
1t2j_0LLNXM-01622-00432593-00432803 if you notice that number is different
1t2j_0LLNXM-01623-00432804-00433025 from the one we get by using the
1t2j_0LLNXM-01624-00433026-00433283 percentile function so if I ask for the
1t2j_0LLNXM-01625-00433284-00433481 media in this class what we mean is that
1t2j_0LLNXM-01626-00433482-00433859 percentile at 50 not that number
1t2j_0LLNXM-01627-00433860-00434300 okay so don't use the entity needed
1viTLVODcmo-00000-00000104-00000351 the imperial national wildlife refuge
1viTLVODcmo-00001-00000352-00000615 protects wildlife habitat along 30 miles
1viTLVODcmo-00002-00000616-00000839 50 kilometers of the lower colorado
1viTLVODcmo-00003-00000840-00001047 river in arizona and california
1viTLVODcmo-00004-00001048-00001247 including the last unchanneled section
1viTLVODcmo-00005-00001248-00001478 before the river enters mexico
1viTLVODcmo-00006-00001479-00001679 the imperial refuge wilderness a
1viTLVODcmo-00007-00001680-00001851 federally designated
1viTLVODcmo-00008-00001852-00002239 15056 acre 60.93 square kilometres
1viTLVODcmo-00009-00002240-00002439 wilderness area is protected within the
1viTLVODcmo-00010-00002440-00002558 refuge
1viTLVODcmo-00011-00002559-00002767 it also surrounds the picacho state
1viTLVODcmo-00012-00002768-00002991 recreation area this section of the
1viTLVODcmo-00013-00002992-00003222 colorado river is popular for boating
1viTLVODcmo-00014-00003223-00003470 hiking fishing camping exploring old
1viTLVODcmo-00015-00003471-00003751 mining camps and wildlife watching
1viTLVODcmo-00016-00003752-00003959 the river and its associated backwater
1viTLVODcmo-00017-00003960-00004167 lakes and wetlands are a green oasis
1viTLVODcmo-00018-00004168-00004343 contrasting with the surrounding desert
1viTLVODcmo-00019-00004344-00004470 mountains
1viTLVODcmo-00020-00004471-00004670 it is a refuge and breeding area for
1viTLVODcmo-00021-00004671-00004870 migratory birds and local desert
1viTLVODcmo-00022-00004871-00005479 wildlife
1viTLVODcmo-00023-00005480-00006015 topic wildlife
1viTLVODcmo-00024-00006016-00006206 even though it is located in the sonoran
1viTLVODcmo-00025-00006207-00006431 desert the imperial national wildlife
1viTLVODcmo-00026-00006431-00006623 refuge is home to a mostly wetland
1viTLVODcmo-00027-00006623-00006751 environment
1viTLVODcmo-00028-00006752-00006951 wetland wildlife is most abundant in
1viTLVODcmo-00029-00006952-00007167 winter when birds such as cinnamon teal
1viTLVODcmo-00030-00007168-00007423 and northern pintail use the refuge
1viTLVODcmo-00031-00007423-00007591 during the summer months permanent
1viTLVODcmo-00032-00007592-00007767 residents such as great egrets are
1viTLVODcmo-00033-00007768-00007878 abundant
1viTLVODcmo-00034-00007879-00008119 the colorado river plays a vital role in
1viTLVODcmo-00035-00008120-00008310 the lives of desert fauna
1viTLVODcmo-00036-00008311-00008503 it is the only water source for many
1viTLVODcmo-00037-00008504-00008735 miles small animals such as the
1viTLVODcmo-00038-00008736-00008927 black-tailed jackrabbit and western
1viTLVODcmo-00039-00008928-00009151 whiptail lizard are plentiful
1viTLVODcmo-00040-00009152-00009383 desert bighorn sheep and mule deer also
1viTLVODcmo-00041-00009384-00010063 call the refuge home
1viTLVODcmo-00042-00010064-00010463 birds
1viTLVODcmo-00043-00010464-00010678 a full list of birds found on the refuge
1viTLVODcmo-00044-00010679-00011455 can be found on the refuge website
1viTLVODcmo-00045-00011456-00011910 forest in the desert
1viTLVODcmo-00046-00011911-00012127 at one time the banks of the colorado
1viTLVODcmo-00047-00012128-00012287 river were lined with cottonwood and
1viTLVODcmo-00048-00012288-00012503 willow forests sustained by the river's
1viTLVODcmo-00049-00012504-00012727 natural periodic flooding
1viTLVODcmo-00050-00012728-00012935 animals depended on this green forest
1viTLVODcmo-00051-00012936-00013175 oasis for breeding resting feeding and
1viTLVODcmo-00052-00013176-00013279 shade
1viTLVODcmo-00053-00013280-00013471 woodcutting during the steamboat era
1viTLVODcmo-00054-00013472-00013743 clearing for agriculture wildfire exotic
1viTLVODcmo-00055-00013744-00013958 plants like salt cedar and use of dams
1viTLVODcmo-00056-00013959-00014151 for flood prevention have devastated
1viTLVODcmo-00057-00014152-00014335 cottonwood and willow stands along the
1viTLVODcmo-00058-00014336-00014535 lower colorado river
1viTLVODcmo-00059-00014536-00014743 some animals that depended the riparian
1viTLVODcmo-00060-00014744-00014966 forests such as the southwestern willow
1viTLVODcmo-00061-00014968-00015207 flycatcher empidonax traily ecstamus
1viTLVODcmo-00062-00015208-00015935 have become endangered
1viTLVODcmo-00063-00015936-00016358 trails
1viTLVODcmo-00064-00016359-00016630 the painted desert trail is a 1.3 mile
1viTLVODcmo-00065-00016631-00016839 self-guided trail for an opportunity to
1viTLVODcmo-00066-00016840-00017086 see desert plants and wildlife
1viTLVODcmo-00067-00017087-00017263 the trail takes you through a rainbow of
1viTLVODcmo-00068-00017264-00017463 colors left by thirty thousand-year-old
1viTLVODcmo-00069-00017464-00017647 volcanic activity and features a
1viTLVODcmo-00070-00017648-00017855 panoramic view of the colorado river
1viTLVODcmo-00071-00017856-00018519 valley
1viTLVODcmo-00072-00018520-00018975 see also
1viTLVODcmo-00073-00018976-00019175 colorado river
1viTLVODcmo-00074-00019176-00019375 colorado desert
1viTLVODcmo-00075-00019376-00019550 yuma desert
1viTLVODcmo-00076-00019551-00019894 lower colorado river valley sunny bono
1viTLVODcmo-00077-00019895-00020372 salton sea national wildlife refuge
1whHWz3AV_g-00000-00000051-00000350 albian as an inner northeastern suburb
1whHWz3AV_g-00001-00000351-00000559 of the city of Brisbane the state
1whHWz3AV_g-00002-00000560-00000959 capital of Queensland Australia in the
1whHWz3AV_g-00003-00000960-00001432 2016 census albion had a population of
1whHWz3AV_g-00004-00001433-00002139 2296 people
1whHWz3AV_g-00005-00002140-00002706 topic geography
1whHWz3AV_g-00006-00002707-00003002 albian as bounded by woollen in the
1whHWz3AV_g-00007-00003003-00003185 north ascot in the east
1whHWz3AV_g-00008-00003186-00003440 Newsted in the south and windsor to the
1whHWz3AV_g-00009-00003442-00003702 west with breakfast creek defining the
1whHWz3AV_g-00010-00003703-00004028 suburb order in its south and southwest
1whHWz3AV_g-00011-00004029-00004341 Sandgate road a major road on the north
1whHWz3AV_g-00012-00004342-00004590 side of brisbane runs through the middle
1whHWz3AV_g-00013-00004591-00004922 of the suburb a variety of housing
1whHWz3AV_g-00014-00004923-00005211 styles from former workers cottages
1whHWz3AV_g-00015-00005212-00005454 through to modern brick homes and unit
1whHWz3AV_g-00016-00005455-00005882 blocks can be found in albion the albion
1whHWz3AV_g-00017-00005883-00006156 park pace way first established in the
1whHWz3AV_g-00018-00006157-00006465 1880s is a harness racing club and
1whHWz3AV_g-00019-00006466-00006684 greyhound racing track found in
1whHWz3AV_g-00020-00006684-00006954 breakfast creek a locality in southern
1whHWz3AV_g-00021-00006955-00007548 albion
1whHWz3AV_g-00022-00007548-00008088 topic history
1whHWz3AV_g-00023-00008089-00008370 the name Albion comes from the Albion
1whHWz3AV_g-00024-00008371-00008682 hotel built by Thomas hay Selden also
1whHWz3AV_g-00025-00008683-00008931 written as Hazelden which was so called
1whHWz3AV_g-00026-00008932-00009174 because the white wall of John Petrie's
1whHWz3AV_g-00027-00009175-00009387 quarry reminded hey Selden of the
1whHWz3AV_g-00028-00009388-00009642 England's White Cliffs Albion being an
1whHWz3AV_g-00029-00009643-00009885 old name for England from the latin
1whHWz3AV_g-00030-00009886-00010413 Albus meaning white from 1866 to 1870
1whHWz3AV_g-00031-00010414-00010659 the proprietor was Edward Hudson on
1whHWz3AV_g-00032-00010660-00011091 September 27th 1888 blocks of land of
1whHWz3AV_g-00033-00011092-00011460 Khurana estate were advertised for
1whHWz3AV_g-00034-00011461-00011791 auction by John Cameron
1whHWz3AV_g-00035-00011792-00012076 topic heritage listings Albion has a
1whHWz3AV_g-00036-00012077-00012274 number of Heritage listed sites
1whHWz3AV_g-00037-00012275-00012571 including abbotsford road abbotsford
1whHWz3AV_g-00038-00012572-00012868 road bridge 21 Birkbeck street Donna
1whHWz3AV_g-00039-00012869-00013201 Verde 12 Gore Street former mu IOOF
1whHWz3AV_g-00040-00013202-00013579 lodge Hall 58 Grove Street early cottage
1whHWz3AV_g-00041-00013580-00013938 32 Higgs Street holy triad temple 60
1whHWz3AV_g-00042-00013940-00014254 Hudson Street former Albion flour mill -
1whHWz3AV_g-00043-00014255-00014521 Kingsford Smith dry breakfast Creek
1whHWz3AV_g-00044-00014522-00014844 hotel 17 lever Street her Burton cottage
1whHWz3AV_g-00045-00014845-00015141 16 McLennan street fire of Hope Baptist
1whHWz3AV_g-00046-00015143-00015496 Church Manson Hall 27 McLennan Street
1whHWz3AV_g-00047-00015497-00015907 residents emerald now Pakenham 40
1whHWz3AV_g-00048-00015908-00016156 McLennan Street residents Argyle
1whHWz3AV_g-00049-00016157-00016435 Sandgate Road remnants of the second
1whHWz3AV_g-00050-00016436-00016753 breakfast Creek Bridge north 282
1whHWz3AV_g-00051-00016754-00017172 Sandgate Road shops 297 Sandgate Road
1whHWz3AV_g-00052-00017173-00017557 Albion building 299 Sandgate Road
1whHWz3AV_g-00053-00017558-00017893 Willy's buildings shops 300 Sandgate
1whHWz3AV_g-00054-00017894-00018222 Road Albion Hotel the second hotel on
1whHWz3AV_g-00055-00018223-00018450 the site not the one that gave the name
1whHWz3AV_g-00056-00018451-00018850 to the suburb 327 Sandgate Road former
1whHWz3AV_g-00057-00018851-00019197 Commonwealth Bank 334 Sandgate Road
1whHWz3AV_g-00058-00019198-00019674 Albion exchange 336 Sandgate Road shops
1whHWz3AV_g-00059-00019675-00020041 344 Sandgate Road former Albion public
1whHWz3AV_g-00060-00020042-00020452 hall 349 Sandgate Road former Albion
1whHWz3AV_g-00061-00020453-00020853 post office 366 Sandgate Road corner
1whHWz3AV_g-00062-00020854-00021193 shop and original baker's oven 414
1whHWz3AV_g-00063-00021194-00021583 Sandgate road shop and residents 469
1whHWz3AV_g-00064-00021584-00021889 Sandgate Road st. Columba's Christian
1whHWz3AV_g-00065-00021890-00022150 Brothers College white cliff Highlands
1whHWz3AV_g-00066-00022151-00022597 former 475 Sandgate Road shops tensed
1whHWz3AV_g-00067-00022598-00022947 only Street residents wet field 24 Stone
1whHWz3AV_g-00068-00022948-00023266 Lee Street nineteenth-century cottage 63
1whHWz3AV_g-00069-00023267-00024030 and 65 Stone Lee Street duplex catters
1whHWz3AV_g-00070-00024031-00024604 topic demographics
1whHWz3AV_g-00071-00024605-00024967 in the 2011 census albian recorded a
1whHWz3AV_g-00072-00024968-00025582 population of 1986 people 48.4% female
1whHWz3AV_g-00073-00025583-00025964 and 51.6% male
1whHWz3AV_g-00074-00025964-00026264 the median age of the Albion population
1whHWz3AV_g-00075-00026264-00026558 was 33 years four years below the
1whHWz3AV_g-00076-00026558-00027193 national median of 37 67.7% of people
1whHWz3AV_g-00077-00027194-00027431 living in Albion were born in Australia
1whHWz3AV_g-00078-00027432-00027718 compared to the national average of
1whHWz3AV_g-00079-00027719-00028102 69.8% the next most common countries of
1whHWz3AV_g-00080-00028104-00028558 birth were New Zealand 4.4% England 3.1
1whHWz3AV_g-00081-00028560-00028973 percent India 3% Italy 1.2 percent
1whHWz3AV_g-00082-00028974-00029474 China 1.1 percent 79 percent of people
1whHWz3AV_g-00083-00029475-00029770 spoke only English at home the next most
1whHWz3AV_g-00084-00029772-00030271 popular languages were 2.1% Italian 1.2%
1whHWz3AV_g-00085-00030272-00030587 Mandarin 1.1% Nepali
1whHWz3AV_g-00086-00030588-00031187 1% Arabic 0.8% punjabi of the total
1whHWz3AV_g-00087-00031188-00031529 population in Albion 1.2 percent were
1whHWz3AV_g-00088-00031530-00031826 indigenous persons in wealth terms the
1whHWz3AV_g-00089-00031827-00032077 median weekly individual income in
1whHWz3AV_g-00090-00032078-00032387 Albion as approximately 200 Australian
1whHWz3AV_g-00091-00032388-00032567 dollars higher than the Australian
1whHWz3AV_g-00092-00032568-00032827 average and a median weekly family
1whHWz3AV_g-00093-00032828-00033308 income 220 Australian dollars higher the
1whHWz3AV_g-00094-00033309-00033518 suburb has a significantly higher
1whHWz3AV_g-00095-00033519-00033740 proportion of residents that have never
1whHWz3AV_g-00096-00033741-00034073 married 40 9.0 percent compared to the
1whHWz3AV_g-00097-00034074-00034412 Australian average 33.2%
1whHWz3AV_g-00098-00034413-00034664 and in turn a lower proportion of
1whHWz3AV_g-00099-00034665-00035784 married persons 29.6% versus 49.6%
1whHWz3AV_g-00100-00035785-00036339 topic transport
1whHWz3AV_g-00101-00036340-00036636 on the Queensland Rail City Network
1whHWz3AV_g-00102-00036637-00036910 albian as serviced by Albion railway
1whHWz3AV_g-00103-00036911-00037207 station on the airport Dumon caboolture
1whHWz3AV_g-00104-00037208-00037592 Sean cliff and Sunshine Coast lines
1whHWz3AV_g-00105-00037593-00037869 historically Albion lay on the clay
1whHWz3AV_g-00106-00037870-00038271 field tram line along Sandgate Road it
1whHWz3AV_g-00107-00038272-00038502 was operated by the Brisbane City
1whHWz3AV_g-00108-00038503-00039087 Council until the 13th of April 1969
1x1u0A9J8wg-00000-00001499-00001680 good morning everyone and welcome to
1x1u0A9J8wg-00001-00001682-00002038 today's workshop today we're gonna do
1x1u0A9J8wg-00002-00002039-00002212 something different compared to what
1x1u0A9J8wg-00003-00002213-00002442 we've done in the past few online
1x1u0A9J8wg-00004-00002443-00002671 sessions we're gonna just go through
1x1u0A9J8wg-00005-00002672-00003130 some 3d designing so today we will learn
1x1u0A9J8wg-00006-00003131-00003663 how to design using fusion 360 so fusion
1x1u0A9J8wg-00007-00003664-00004061 360 is a very user friendly software
1x1u0A9J8wg-00008-00004063-00004320 specifically for enthusiasts you get
1x1u0A9J8wg-00009-00004321-00004594 introduced to 3d designing and it's also
1x1u0A9J8wg-00010-00004595-00004881 really good for those who have a more
1x1u0A9J8wg-00011-00004882-00005134 advanced understanding and designing to
1x1u0A9J8wg-00012-00005135-00005488 use it for even more technical
1x1u0A9J8wg-00013-00005489-00005757 mechanical purposes so today we're just
1x1u0A9J8wg-00014-00005758-00005982 gonna show you some really basic designs
1x1u0A9J8wg-00015-00005983-00006273 as you can see right over here the
1x1u0A9J8wg-00016-00006274-00006489 assembly keychain that that put right
1x1u0A9J8wg-00017-00006490-00006823 over here that that is one of the models
1x1u0A9J8wg-00018-00006823-00006895 that we're going to show you how to
1x1u0A9J8wg-00019-00006895-00007105 build and it's actually very easy to
1x1u0A9J8wg-00020-00007106-00007306 customize based on what you want to
1x1u0A9J8wg-00021-00007306-00007606 design as well towards the end of the
1x1u0A9J8wg-00022-00007606-00007792 workshop after we show you the designs
1x1u0A9J8wg-00023-00007793-00008044 we'll also go through a slicing software
1x1u0A9J8wg-00024-00008045-00008335 called cura in which you if you have a
1x1u0A9J8wg-00025-00008336-00008530 3d printer and you'd like to print your
1x1u0A9J8wg-00026-00008531-00008905 designs will show you steps on how to
1x1u0A9J8wg-00027-00008906-00009219 prepare your 3d design into
1x1u0A9J8wg-00028-00009220-00009436 transitioning into a model that would be
1x1u0A9J8wg-00029-00009437-00009877 ready for 3d printing so a little
1x1u0A9J8wg-00030-00009878-00010054 introduction about the assembly the
1x1u0A9J8wg-00031-00010055-00010255 assembly is a smart lab that's based out
1x1u0A9J8wg-00032-00010256-00010459 of n 5 and we've been operating since
1x1u0A9J8wg-00033-00010460-00010825 December of 2014 over the past couple of
1x1u0A9J8wg-00034-00010826-00011068 years we've conducted more than 250 free
1x1u0A9J8wg-00035-00011069-00011254 workshops and to the state we're still
1x1u0A9J8wg-00036-00011255-00011596 conducting workshops online our
1x1u0A9J8wg-00037-00011597-00011773 workshops are basically broken down into
1x1u0A9J8wg-00038-00011774-00011917 three different categories we have
1x1u0A9J8wg-00039-00011918-00012264 assembly hack where we show more
1x1u0A9J8wg-00040-00012265-00012541 hands-on embedded systems and IOT
1x1u0A9J8wg-00041-00012542-00012819 workshops this 3d designing workshop is
1x1u0A9J8wg-00042-00012820-00013022 considered as one of our hack workshops
1x1u0A9J8wg-00043-00013023-00013365 we have assembly code where we do more
1x1u0A9J8wg-00044-00013366-00013744 software projects api's frameworks
1x1u0A9J8wg-00045-00013744-00014172 mobile designing a more code based IOT I
1x1u0A9J8wg-00046-00014173-00014497 guess you can say and AR we are
1x1u0A9J8wg-00047-00014497-00014658 everything that comes under our code
1x1u0A9J8wg-00048-00014659-00014729 like some
1x1u0A9J8wg-00049-00014730-00014888 the previous workshops that we've done
1x1u0A9J8wg-00050-00014888-00015149 and we've posted online and assembly
1x1u0A9J8wg-00051-00015150-00015308 data science which focuses more on
1x1u0A9J8wg-00052-00015309-00015616 machine learning and AI as you can see
1x1u0A9J8wg-00053-00015618-00015763 our target audience is students
1x1u0A9J8wg-00054-00015765-00015922 professional entrepreneurs again these
1x1u0A9J8wg-00055-00015924-00016124 these workshops are open to anyone if
1x1u0A9J8wg-00056-00016125-00016372 you're interested have a look at it it's
1x1u0A9J8wg-00057-00016374-00016640 very short very limited and you can get
1x1u0A9J8wg-00058-00016641-00016943 as much as you want from it our focus is
1x1u0A9J8wg-00059-00016944-00017081 on smart technology and practical
1x1u0A9J8wg-00060-00017082-00017375 application and if you want to get
1x1u0A9J8wg-00061-00017376-00017615 updates on our workshops and the
1x1u0A9J8wg-00062-00017616-00017816 upcoming workshops that would be that
1x1u0A9J8wg-00063-00017817-00017960 will all be posted on our forum which is
1x1u0A9J8wg-00064-00017961-00018281 members of the assembly dot a you can
1x1u0A9J8wg-00065-00018282-00018491 also tag us on social media our social
1x1u0A9J8wg-00066-00018492-00018878 media handles are that make smart things
1x1u0A9J8wg-00067-00018879-00019103 on Facebook Twitter and Instagram and
1x1u0A9J8wg-00068-00019104-00019304 our YouTube channels name is the
1x1u0A9J8wg-00069-00019305-00019526 assembly which this workshop will be
1x1u0A9J8wg-00070-00019527-00019973 posted on so I will move it on to our
1x1u0A9J8wg-00071-00019974-00020414 mic my my fellow interns Keith sneh and
1x1u0A9J8wg-00072-00020415-00020594 rayon who will be conducting today's
1x1u0A9J8wg-00073-00020595-00021266 workshop thank you hello guys this is
1x1u0A9J8wg-00074-00021267-00021551 Keith Nayyar and today this workshop
1x1u0A9J8wg-00075-00021552-00021926 will be learning how to design a name
1x1u0A9J8wg-00076-00021927-00022199 tag keychain as well in the end of the
1x1u0A9J8wg-00077-00022200-00022376 video I will be also showing out you
1x1u0A9J8wg-00078-00022377-00022726 guys in how to make a different
1x1u0A9J8wg-00079-00022727-00022913 customized keychains
1x1u0A9J8wg-00080-00022914-00023288 for your own so I would suggest you guys
1x1u0A9J8wg-00081-00023289-00023521 to keep the software ready which is
1x1u0A9J8wg-00082-00023522-00023858 Autodesk fusion 360 the license is
1x1u0A9J8wg-00083-00023859-00024110 completely free either beat if you are
1x1u0A9J8wg-00084-00024111-00024479 an educator student or even a person
1x1u0A9J8wg-00085-00024480-00024749 hobbyist so anything works you can
1x1u0A9J8wg-00086-00024750-00025094 download any particle I see particular
1x1u0A9J8wg-00087-00025095-00025301 license based on account you have you
1x1u0A9J8wg-00088-00025302-00025546 can create an Autodesk account too
1x1u0A9J8wg-00089-00025547-00025862 so to me we are gonna be doing a similar
1x1u0A9J8wg-00090-00025863-00026174 keychain today so for that let's click
1x1u0A9J8wg-00091-00026175-00026732 on new design we can see a blank
1x1u0A9J8wg-00092-00026733-00027011 workspace here apart from creating a
1x1u0A9J8wg-00093-00027012-00027236 keychain today we will be focusing on
1x1u0A9J8wg-00094-00027237-00027776 specific tools like extrude this tool is
1x1u0A9J8wg-00095-00027777-00028076 2x2 to a certain level like an elevation
1x1u0A9J8wg-00096-00028077-00028126 on the top
1x1u0A9J8wg-00097-00028127-00028309 of the sketch which you have been
1x1u0A9J8wg-00098-00028310-00028588 created and we will be using filete
1x1u0A9J8wg-00099-00028589-00028798 filler tool is to smoothen the edges and
1x1u0A9J8wg-00100-00028799-00029313 we will be learning to create sketch
1x1u0A9J8wg-00101-00029314-00029623 basically we create multiple sketches to
1x1u0A9J8wg-00102-00029624-00029833 make a complete design so we'll be doing
1x1u0A9J8wg-00103-00029834-00030352 that and also we will be using insert
1x1u0A9J8wg-00104-00030353-00030997 tool to import an SVG onto our design so
1x1u0A9J8wg-00105-00030998-00031201 these are the important tools we'll
1x1u0A9J8wg-00106-00031202-00031573 which we will be focusing today so for
1x1u0A9J8wg-00107-00031574-00031936 this I'll be clicking on create sketch
1x1u0A9J8wg-00108-00031937-00032323 right now now it's asking me for a plane
1x1u0A9J8wg-00109-00032324-00032671 I'm gonna choose XZ plane since it's my
1x1u0A9J8wg-00110-00032672-00033003 base so I'll click on exempt plane now
1x1u0A9J8wg-00111-00033004-00033435 now I'll be using a rectangle base since
1x1u0A9J8wg-00112-00033436-00033793 the names are little long I need to keep
1x1u0A9J8wg-00113-00033794-00034072 it a little long so I would choose to
1x1u0A9J8wg-00114-00034073-00034306 use a two point rectangle for the name
1x1u0A9J8wg-00115-00034307-00034702 tag you can either choose a two point
1x1u0A9J8wg-00116-00034703-00034903 rectangle or you can also click on
1x1u0A9J8wg-00117-00034904-00035128 create to view different options of
1x1u0A9J8wg-00118-00035129-00035392 creating a rectangle so I'll use two
1x1u0A9J8wg-00119-00035393-00035638 point rectangle this is similar to a
1x1u0A9J8wg-00120-00035639-00035869 graph you can place your first corner
1x1u0A9J8wg-00121-00035870-00036145 here in the origin and get it towards 50
1x1u0A9J8wg-00122-00036146-00036493 or in this case I'm using 50 or you can
1x1u0A9J8wg-00123-00036494-00036804 even get it to 60 if you wish to and
1x1u0A9J8wg-00124-00036805-00037108 take to the top which will be your
1x1u0A9J8wg-00125-00037109-00037557 breath I'm gonna use three centimeter or
1x1u0A9J8wg-00126-00037558-00037843 two centimeter works too depending on
1x1u0A9J8wg-00127-00037844-00038152 how long and how large you want the name
1x1u0A9J8wg-00128-00038153-00038545 on your kitchen so I'm gonna clicking on
1x1u0A9J8wg-00129-00038546-00038866 60 mm and 30 mm which is my length and
1x1u0A9J8wg-00130-00038867-00039124 my breath click on enter once you're
1x1u0A9J8wg-00131-00039125-00039675 done now we need to extrude this sketch
1x1u0A9J8wg-00132-00039676-00039988 to a certain height so that it comes out
1x1u0A9J8wg-00133-00039989-00040351 as a 3d design so I'm gonna go to the
1x1u0A9J8wg-00134-00040352-00040579 solid again I can find my extrude tool
1x1u0A9J8wg-00135-00040580-00040948 over here the plane is already selected
1x1u0A9J8wg-00136-00040949-00041192 since there are no other sketches
1x1u0A9J8wg-00137-00041193-00041531 I'm gonna extort it to 3 mm maybe
1x1u0A9J8wg-00138-00041532-00041804 because since I'm 3d printing it it
1x1u0A9J8wg-00139-00041805-00042023 needs to be optimum so that the print
1x1u0A9J8wg-00140-00042024-00042272 comes out very good if it's too thin
1x1u0A9J8wg-00141-00042273-00042635 it's kind of problem again so just keep
1x1u0A9J8wg-00142-00042636-00043037 your dimensions little like keeping 3d
1x1u0A9J8wg-00143-00043038-00043214 printing in mind create your dimensions
1x1u0A9J8wg-00144-00043215-00043666 so that it comes out good so this is the
1x1u0A9J8wg-00145-00043667-00043922 thing which I've created right now I'm
1x1u0A9J8wg-00146-00043923-00044522 gonna use zoom to keep it close and pan
1x1u0A9J8wg-00147-00044523-00044903 it to the center and to get rid of the
1x1u0A9J8wg-00148-00044904-00045095 tools you can just click on delete so
1x1u0A9J8wg-00149-00045096-00045503 that it comes back to make the edges
1x1u0A9J8wg-00150-00045504-00045815 smooth I'm gonna use filler tool here
1x1u0A9J8wg-00151-00045816-00046133 right here and since I'm gonna apply the
1x1u0A9J8wg-00152-00046134-00046418 fill it initially only to the edges I'll
1x1u0A9J8wg-00153-00046419-00046937 be clicking on only edges so this is my
1x1u0A9J8wg-00154-00046938-00047336 first edge second edge and you can turn
1x1u0A9J8wg-00155-00047337-00048497 the orientation right here
1x1u0A9J8wg-00156-00048498-00048728 it shows out here how many edges you
1x1u0A9J8wg-00157-00048729-00049106 have selected so depending on that you
1x1u0A9J8wg-00158-00049107-00049265 get to understand if you have selected
1x1u0A9J8wg-00159-00049266-00050255 the edges properly so forages are being
1x1u0A9J8wg-00160-00050256-00050554 selected and I'm gonna use a fill it of
1x1u0A9J8wg-00161-00050555-00051730 5mm for this so this is the top so yeah
1x1u0A9J8wg-00162-00051732-00052052 this is done now I'm gonna create a new
1x1u0A9J8wg-00163-00052053-00052825 sketch again to create a hole on this
1x1u0A9J8wg-00164-00052826-00053210 rectangle here so that I can create a
1x1u0A9J8wg-00165-00053211-00053525 hole through the hole for my keyring so
1x1u0A9J8wg-00166-00053526-00053839 I'm gonna use a center diameter circle
1x1u0A9J8wg-00167-00053840-00054263 get it to the point over here and I'm
1x1u0A9J8wg-00168-00054264-00054926 gonna use five mm hole so initially we
1x1u0A9J8wg-00169-00054927-00055333 need to create a sketch and then we can
1x1u0A9J8wg-00170-00055334-00055591 create the hole to create the hole you
1x1u0A9J8wg-00171-00055592-00055930 have to click on extrude and click on
1x1u0A9J8wg-00172-00055932-00056102 the circle which needs which the hole
1x1u0A9J8wg-00173-00056103-00056309 needs to be created and there are
1x1u0A9J8wg-00174-00056310-00056513 certain operations you have to change in
1x1u0A9J8wg-00175-00056514-00056990 the menu here click on to object because
1x1u0A9J8wg-00176-00056991-00057278 since we are not creating a new body we
1x1u0A9J8wg-00177-00057279-00057566 are creating a hole which doesn't need
1x1u0A9J8wg-00178-00057566-00057824 any particular dimensions but it cuts
1x1u0A9J8wg-00179-00057825-00058100 towards the object so I'm gonna click
1x1u0A9J8wg-00180-00058101-00058529 change the operation to cut and then I'm
1x1u0A9J8wg-00181-00058529-00058879 gonna go back and select the plane and
1x1u0A9J8wg-00182-00058880-00059147 click on OK or you can directly click on
1x1u0A9J8wg-00183-00059148-00059621 enter now the hole is created I would
1x1u0A9J8wg-00184-00059622-00059921 like to choose to smooth in all of my
1x1u0A9J8wg-00185-00059922-00060248 edges I have so I'm gonna use fill it to
1x1u0A9J8wg-00186-00060249-00060667 the edge maybe 2mm fill it will be fine
1x1u0A9J8wg-00187-00060669-00061204 for this or even you can use a little
1x1u0A9J8wg-00188-00061205-00061538 lesser ones which is maybe of one
1x1u0A9J8wg-00189-00061539-00062116 50 click on fill it again and for the
1x1u0A9J8wg-00190-00062117-00062516 circle let's do it
1x1u0A9J8wg-00191-00062516-00062948 1mm and click enter so initially your
1x1u0A9J8wg-00192-00062949-00063335 base your body is done now you have to
1x1u0A9J8wg-00193-00063336-00063517 work on what design you're gonna put it
1x1u0A9J8wg-00194-00063519-00063775 on top since this is an a name tag
1x1u0A9J8wg-00195-00063776-00064126 keychain I'm gonna use in my case I'm
1x1u0A9J8wg-00196-00064127-00064436 using the assembly in your case you can
1x1u0A9J8wg-00197-00064437-00064874 use your name maybe you can just write
1x1u0A9J8wg-00198-00064875-00065378 your name which is probably kinda be it
1x1u0A9J8wg-00199-00065379-00065585 can be two-dimensional also but make
1x1u0A9J8wg-00200-00065586-00065921 sure it is it can be extruded out of it
1x1u0A9J8wg-00201-00065922-00066250 so I have an image downloaded of the
1x1u0A9J8wg-00202-00066251-00066521 assembly loco and what I'm gonna do
1x1u0A9J8wg-00203-00066522-00066700 right now is I'm gonna convert it into
1x1u0A9J8wg-00204-00066701-00067229 SVG and then important onto my design so
1x1u0A9J8wg-00205-00067230-00067500 I have a pre downloaded image with me
1x1u0A9J8wg-00206-00067501-00067931 and now I'm gonna come convert my image
1x1u0A9J8wg-00207-00067932-00068884 into SVG I'm using this website for this
1x1u0A9J8wg-00208-00068885-00070180 so click on choose files
1x1u0A9J8wg-00209-00070181-00070649 so I have a logo for assembly here I
1x1u0A9J8wg-00210-00070650-00070930 would suggest if your image is a colored
1x1u0A9J8wg-00211-00070931-00071193 one use colored and if your image is a
1x1u0A9J8wg-00212-00071194-00071463 gray or monochrome ones you can use that
1x1u0A9J8wg-00213-00071464-00071712 in this case my image is colored so I'm
1x1u0A9J8wg-00214-00071713-00071967 gonna use colored ones and start
1x1u0A9J8wg-00215-00071968-00072273 conversion once this is done this VG
1x1u0A9J8wg-00216-00072274-00072456 automatically gets downloaded to your
1x1u0A9J8wg-00217-00072457-00072985 computer we can see that here so now we
1x1u0A9J8wg-00218-00072986-00073234 can go back to fusion 360 and click on
1x1u0A9J8wg-00219-00073235-00073498 insert right here and click on insert
1x1u0A9J8wg-00220-00073499-00073909 SVG there's a small folder over here
1x1u0A9J8wg-00221-00073910-00075035 click on that
1x1u0A9J8wg-00222-00075036-00075260 so this is the logo which I've choose
1x1u0A9J8wg-00223-00075261-00075991 before and click on this plane so this
1x1u0A9J8wg-00224-00075992-00076425 is to change the orientation of your
1x1u0A9J8wg-00225-00076426-00076859 logo and this is to pan it to the place
1x1u0A9J8wg-00226-00076860-00077656 where you want so this you can use to
1x1u0A9J8wg-00227-00077657-00078459 zoom in and zoom out
1x1u0A9J8wg-00228-00078460-00078941 make sure it fits properly into your
1x1u0A9J8wg-00229-00078942-00080127 design
1x1u0A9J8wg-00230-00080128-00080356 arrange it properly and then click on
1x1u0A9J8wg-00231-00080357-00081130 enter so now it's time for extrusion for
1x1u0A9J8wg-00232-00081131-00081427 this design which has been made here so
1x1u0A9J8wg-00233-00081428-00081904 I'm gonna zoom in a bit and then pan it
1x1u0A9J8wg-00234-00081905-00082255 to the center and get rid of the tool
1x1u0A9J8wg-00235-00082256-00082654 with delete so I'm going to the solid
1x1u0A9J8wg-00236-00082655-00084191 lick on extrude and select each of them
1x1u0A9J8wg-00237-00084192-00084719 select all the alphabets here you should
1x1u0A9J8wg-00238-00084720-00084878 be very careful while clicking on the
1x1u0A9J8wg-00239-00084879-00085118 right one now I've ended up having a
1x1u0A9J8wg-00240-00085119-00085468 problem you just have to be very careful
1x1u0A9J8wg-00241-00085469-00085828 this panel to the center
1x1u0A9J8wg-00242-00085829-00086234 zoom it as much as you can so that you
1x1u0A9J8wg-00243-00086235-00086729 can do it properly so I'm gonna click on
1x1u0A9J8wg-00244-00086730-00087161 solid again extrude just choose one at a
1x1u0A9J8wg-00245-00087162-00088286 time
1x1u0A9J8wg-00246-00088287-00088484 it kind of makes a difference when it
1x1u0A9J8wg-00247-00088485-00088757 shows the focus for you so that just
1x1u0A9J8wg-00248-00088758-00089396 click on top of that and I'm doing the
1x1u0A9J8wg-00249-00089397-00089816 extrusion of 2mm since I'm gonna be 3d
1x1u0A9J8wg-00250-00089817-00090011 printing this I want a little pole to
1x1u0A9J8wg-00251-00090012-00090248 appear since this is a very small object
1x1u0A9J8wg-00252-00090249-00090836 you can also use 3 if you want yep
1x1u0A9J8wg-00253-00090837-00091151 now the extrusion is made I'll zoom out
1x1u0A9J8wg-00254-00091152-00091751 this one no so yes it's done similarly
1x1u0A9J8wg-00255-00091752-00092300 you can also not only put text into this
1x1u0A9J8wg-00256-00092301-00092612 you can also convert your images into
1x1u0A9J8wg-00257-00092613-00092831 SVG and then import them here I would
1x1u0A9J8wg-00258-00092832-00093104 suggest to keep the images whatever you
1x1u0A9J8wg-00259-00093105-00093323 convert to SVG shouldn't be more
1x1u0A9J8wg-00260-00093324-00093524 complicated because it gets a little
1x1u0A9J8wg-00261-00093525-00093914 harder I'll also show you out a basic
1x1u0A9J8wg-00262-00093915-00094126 ideas of like how many varieties of
1x1u0A9J8wg-00263-00094127-00094412 keychains you can do so this is a
1x1u0A9J8wg-00264-00094413-00094613 unicorn keychain which I have made
1x1u0A9J8wg-00265-00094614-00095219 before so in this we can see that I have
1x1u0A9J8wg-00266-00095220-00095482 used two lines to make the sketch and
1x1u0A9J8wg-00267-00095483-00095807 also have used two arcs you can see
1x1u0A9J8wg-00268-00095808-00096290 those options here you can use arc I use
1x1u0A9J8wg-00269-00096291-00096605 Center Point arc especially so you can
1x1u0A9J8wg-00270-00096606-00096848 make arcs over here and similarly repeat
1x1u0A9J8wg-00271-00096849-00097193 the same process I've done before and
1x1u0A9J8wg-00272-00097194-00097501 I'll show you out
1x1u0A9J8wg-00273-00097502-00098104 it's a different key chain
1x1u0A9J8wg-00274-00098105-00098506 so in this case I've used an X hexagon
1x1u0A9J8wg-00275-00098507-00099040 to create the sketch and then I extruded
1x1u0A9J8wg-00276-00099041-00099274 it and I repeated the same option and
1x1u0A9J8wg-00277-00099275-00099541 I've downloaded this logo and then
1x1u0A9J8wg-00278-00099542-00099901 converted into SVG so let's see
1x1u0A9J8wg-00279-00099902-00100120 something else this is a NASA keychain
1x1u0A9J8wg-00280-00100121-00100534 here I used a polygon of four sides so
1x1u0A9J8wg-00281-00100535-00101035 you can just click on create new sketch
1x1u0A9J8wg-00282-00101036-00101620 and you can it shows you some options
1x1u0A9J8wg-00283-00101621-00102022 like you can click on polygon and you
1x1u0A9J8wg-00284-00102023-00102232 can use a some circumscribed or
1x1u0A9J8wg-00285-00102233-00102457 inscribed polygons and you can just
1x1u0A9J8wg-00286-00102458-00102810 mention the sides you can do the similar
1x1u0A9J8wg-00287-00102811-00103054 ones and I have did the similar process
1x1u0A9J8wg-00288-00103055-00103393 of converting the SVG and then importing
1x1u0A9J8wg-00289-00103394-00103935 it and here we can see a different NASA
1x1u0A9J8wg-00290-00103936-00104128 keychain as well this is an Iron Man
1x1u0A9J8wg-00291-00104129-00104559 keychain I've repeated the exact same
1x1u0A9J8wg-00292-00104560-00104968 process for this also so this is all
1x1u0A9J8wg-00293-00104969-00105217 about it you can make it more
1x1u0A9J8wg-00294-00105218-00105403 personalized I'm just giving an idea you
1x1u0A9J8wg-00295-00105404-00105646 can also maybe convert your image into a
1x1u0A9J8wg-00296-00105647-00106035 cartoon and then convert into an SVG and
1x1u0A9J8wg-00297-00106036-00106222 then import it also you just have to
1x1u0A9J8wg-00298-00106223-00106402 work on details you just have to zoom in
1x1u0A9J8wg-00299-00106403-00106789 a bit and then do it so yeah now my
1x1u0A9J8wg-00300-00106790-00107010 colleague Ryan will be helping you guys
1x1u0A9J8wg-00301-00107011-00107314 out with creating and designing of these
1x1u0A9J8wg-00302-00107315-00107602 on fusion 360 more personalized ones
1x1u0A9J8wg-00303-00107603-00107808 which will be interesting for you guys
1x1u0A9J8wg-00304-00107809-00108175 to 3d print in the end of the video I'll
1x1u0A9J8wg-00305-00108176-00108543 be helping you guys out with setting in
1x1u0A9J8wg-00306-00108544-00108964 optimum settings in cura for 3d printing
1x1u0A9J8wg-00307-00108965-00109291 it good morning everyone I hope everyone
1x1u0A9J8wg-00308-00109292-00109606 is doing well say add sound for today's
1x1u0A9J8wg-00309-00109607-00109783 video I'll be looking on how to create
1x1u0A9J8wg-00310-00109783-00110068 and design a vase using Autodesk Fusion
1x1u0A9J8wg-00311-00110069-00110380 60 now before I start off I just want to
1x1u0A9J8wg-00312-00110381-00110646 give you like a quick reminder that
1x1u0A9J8wg-00313-00110647-00111007 having a tangible design or a did a
1x1u0A9J8wg-00314-00111008-00111196 tangible model that you can feel and
1x1u0A9J8wg-00315-00111197-00111323 touch
1x1u0A9J8wg-00316-00111324-00111566 has a lot of process the procedure that
1x1u0A9J8wg-00317-00111567-00111788 goes into it for example you need a
1x1u0A9J8wg-00318-00111789-00112234 design software like fusion 360 and then
1x1u0A9J8wg-00319-00112235-00112538 converted or support it to STL files and
1x1u0A9J8wg-00320-00112539-00112700 then bringing it to a slicing software
1x1u0A9J8wg-00321-00112701-00112928 in which you can kind of change
1x1u0A9J8wg-00322-00112929-00113106 different segments in it and then
1x1u0A9J8wg-00323-00113107-00113453 finally can take it into 3d print to
1x1u0A9J8wg-00324-00113454-00113696 print the model but for today's video
1x1u0A9J8wg-00325-00113697-00113931 I'll be purely focusing on Autodesk
1x1u0A9J8wg-00326-00113932-00114116 fusion 360 so it's only the design
1x1u0A9J8wg-00327-00114117-00114437 aspect that is a stage one okay so I'll
1x1u0A9J8wg-00328-00114438-00114725 be creating a base as you see here I'm
1x1u0A9J8wg-00329-00114726-00114899 going to be creating a sketch I created
1x1u0A9J8wg-00330-00114900-00115103 a sketch ready so I'm clicking on this
1x1u0A9J8wg-00331-00115104-00115433 place now the most was that we're gonna
1x1u0A9J8wg-00332-00115434-00115754 be using a lot in this video is the line
1x1u0A9J8wg-00333-00115755-00115976 and spline as you see here so these two
1x1u0A9J8wg-00334-00115977-00116327 tools are gonna be used so I go for line
1x1u0A9J8wg-00335-00116328-00116828 and I clicked 19 millimeters okay 90
1x1u0A9J8wg-00336-00116829-00117176 millimeters is basically behind off my
1x1u0A9J8wg-00337-00117177-00117548 face okay so I fish stick so the next
1x1u0A9J8wg-00338-00117549-00117819 step is I go to Google Chrome and look
1x1u0A9J8wg-00339-00117820-00118265 for a vase so you pick the most suitable
1x1u0A9J8wg-00340-00118266-00118565 profile of the vase that you find you
1x1u0A9J8wg-00341-00118566-00118946 prefer for your design so you go for
1x1u0A9J8wg-00342-00118947-00119423 images and you you pick the most
1x1u0A9J8wg-00343-00119424-00119699 suitable design so you go for Bellflower
1x1u0A9J8wg-00344-00119700-00120028 I like this it kind of looks a very I
1x1u0A9J8wg-00345-00120029-00120323 prefer this kind of design and profile
1x1u0A9J8wg-00346-00120324-00120693 so I just save image in my computer let
1x1u0A9J8wg-00347-00120694-00121163 me call it face line in my pictures and
1x1u0A9J8wg-00348-00121164-00121286 then save it
1x1u0A9J8wg-00349-00121287-00121586 alright now I move on our head to head
1x1u0A9J8wg-00350-00121587-00121838 to the fusion 360 and I go for inside
1x1u0A9J8wg-00351-00121839-00122096 canvas now canvas actually is a tool
1x1u0A9J8wg-00352-00122097-00122387 that helps you to kind of place images
1x1u0A9J8wg-00353-00122388-00122825 on fusion pictures and there you go and
1x1u0A9J8wg-00354-00122826-00123045 click on the plane that you have already
1x1u0A9J8wg-00355-00123046-00123323 used and kind of scale it and position
1x1u0A9J8wg-00356-00123324-00123659 it position it and make sure it's
1x1u0A9J8wg-00357-00123660-00124466 symmetrical okay let me just this looks
1x1u0A9J8wg-00358-00124467-00124907 yeah but keep in mind it's simple and
1x1u0A9J8wg-00359-00124908-00125324 the height let me increase let me
1x1u0A9J8wg-00360-00125325-00125560 increase the benefit okay I think this
1x1u0A9J8wg-00361-00125561-00126023 looks good and then I just do okay now I
1x1u0A9J8wg-00362-00126024-00126278 go to create a sketch and keep on the
1x1u0A9J8wg-00363-00126279-00126599 sketch on go for the line and create as
1x1u0A9J8wg-00364-00126600-00126859 a vertical line as you see here and go
1x1u0A9J8wg-00365-00126860-00127073 through a Zonta line and then go for
1x1u0A9J8wg-00366-00127074-00127333 okay okay means you're creating and
1x1u0A9J8wg-00367-00127334-00127529 you're continuing it and then go for
1x1u0A9J8wg-00368-00127530-00127735 spline and just from here wherever you
1x1u0A9J8wg-00369-00127736-00128180 stop continue and trace the profile the
1x1u0A9J8wg-00370-00128181-00128498 existing profile that you have let me
1x1u0A9J8wg-00371-00128499-00128933 just put here okay and go again for
1x1u0A9J8wg-00372-00128933-00129131 spline and go wherever you continued I
1x1u0A9J8wg-00373-00129132-00130046 think I continue I think this looks good
1x1u0A9J8wg-00374-00130047-00130261 and then do okay fine and then go for a
1x1u0A9J8wg-00375-00130263-00130679 line and just intersect it to both and
1x1u0A9J8wg-00376-00130680-00131008 then you finish the sketching alright so
1x1u0A9J8wg-00377-00131009-00131207 this is the face that I want to actually
1x1u0A9J8wg-00378-00131208-00131483 create and revolve it so I go for revolt
1x1u0A9J8wg-00379-00131484-00131822 and then create this so select this face
1x1u0A9J8wg-00380-00131823-00132122 and then select the vertical line that
1x1u0A9J8wg-00381-00132123-00132449 you have liked and there you go and just
1x1u0A9J8wg-00382-00132450-00132815 do okay there you go guys so this is so
1x1u0A9J8wg-00383-00132816-00133139 just orbited let me orbit it just to
1x1u0A9J8wg-00384-00133140-00133355 look at it so yeah it looks cool I like
1x1u0A9J8wg-00385-00133356-00133538 so I think it looks good and then just
1x1u0A9J8wg-00386-00133539-00133754 click on this okay and let's hide the
1x1u0A9J8wg-00387-00133755-00134111 candidates let's hide this so this is so
1x1u0A9J8wg-00388-00134112-00134264 this is on the left side where you can
1x1u0A9J8wg-00389-00134265-00134477 hide whatever you want to let me if I
1x1u0A9J8wg-00390-00134478-00135182 want to hide this fine okay now this is
1x1u0A9J8wg-00391-00135183-00135461 not this is not the full design that
1x1u0A9J8wg-00392-00135462-00135677 I've warned for today's actually I want
1x1u0A9J8wg-00393-00135678-00135866 to face that is hollow inside
1x1u0A9J8wg-00394-00135867-00136136 there are many zillion ways to create a
1x1u0A9J8wg-00395-00136137-00136466 hollowness inside this face let's see
1x1u0A9J8wg-00396-00136467-00136703 which we're gonna go for suitable for
1x1u0A9J8wg-00397-00136704-00137090 creating a circle but for today I think
1x1u0A9J8wg-00398-00137091-00137276 I'm just gonna go for a shell shell is a
1x1u0A9J8wg-00399-00137277-00137854 good a good way let me just orbit this
1x1u0A9J8wg-00400-00137855-00138190 let me click on this face and then let
1x1u0A9J8wg-00401-00138191-00138325 me use shell
1x1u0A9J8wg-00402-00138326-00138649 okay shell use a go stock inside but
1x1u0A9J8wg-00403-00138650-00138775 this is my mistake so you need to just
1x1u0A9J8wg-00404-00138776-00139116 keep orbited so you can see and then
1x1u0A9J8wg-00405-00139117-00140266 shell it please okay just keep in mind
1x1u0A9J8wg-00406-00140267-00141055 that you need to pick the right okay you
1x1u0A9J8wg-00407-00141056-00141346 can you can um kind of manipulate in the
1x1u0A9J8wg-00408-00141347-00141538 inside thickness but this looks good for
1x1u0A9J8wg-00409-00141539-00141784 me yeah this definitely looks good let
1x1u0A9J8wg-00410-00141785-00141898 me just check it in
1x1u0A9J8wg-00411-00141899-00142423 let me orbit it again yeah this looks
1x1u0A9J8wg-00412-00142424-00142504 good to me
1x1u0A9J8wg-00413-00142505-00142905 now again you can change this design or
1x1u0A9J8wg-00414-00142906-00143167 kind of manipulate in your design using
1x1u0A9J8wg-00415-00143168-00143425 filet filet is a good in word and kind
1x1u0A9J8wg-00416-00143426-00143980 of kind of change its kind of traces or
1x1u0A9J8wg-00417-00143981-00144409 its profile so it cannot like this but
1x1u0A9J8wg-00418-00144410-00144556 this is definitely not the thing that I
1x1u0A9J8wg-00419-00144557-00144829 want so you can you can squeeze a lot of
1x1u0A9J8wg-00420-00144830-00144955 things that I'm showing you right now
1x1u0A9J8wg-00421-00144956-00145180 but yeah so you can actually manipulate
1x1u0A9J8wg-00422-00145181-00145519 and a lot of things in this face so as
1x1u0A9J8wg-00423-00145520-00145699 you see here this is the full face that
1x1u0A9J8wg-00424-00145700-00145918 I have created literally using two
1x1u0A9J8wg-00425-00145919-00146179 minutes so there are other tools that
1x1u0A9J8wg-00426-00146180-00146380 you can use in order for you to actually
1x1u0A9J8wg-00427-00146381-00146653 have this face in a better way and a
1x1u0A9J8wg-00428-00146654-00146920 better sickness it using modify and
1x1u0A9J8wg-00429-00146921-00147142 these guys see here shall shine for
1x1u0A9J8wg-00430-00147143-00147352 fillet principle and many other more
1x1u0A9J8wg-00431-00147353-00147583 that that could help you to set the pace
1x1u0A9J8wg-00432-00147584-00147880 in a better arrangement thank you so
1x1u0A9J8wg-00433-00147881-00148192 much and have a nice day hello guys i
1x1u0A9J8wg-00434-00148193-00148468 hope you guys truly enjoyed the video
1x1u0A9J8wg-00435-00148469-00148879 till now and now it's time to set up the
1x1u0A9J8wg-00436-00148880-00149128 3d printing settings for your keychain
1x1u0A9J8wg-00437-00149129-00149413 to be printed so if this is your first
1x1u0A9J8wg-00438-00149414-00149677 time 3d printing your stuff in Ultima
1x1u0A9J8wg-00439-00149678-00149857 cockier I would suggest you guys to
1x1u0A9J8wg-00440-00149858-00150144 initially install Ultimaker cura
1x1u0A9J8wg-00441-00150145-00150685 4.6 or a later version of it depending
1x1u0A9J8wg-00442-00150686-00150934 on your possibilities you can install it
1x1u0A9J8wg-00443-00150935-00151044 from google
1x1u0A9J8wg-00444-00151045-00151451 keep it ready so when you start off your
1x1u0A9J8wg-00445-00151452-00151710 software which is ultimately altima
1x1u0A9J8wg-00446-00151711-00151767 kajiura
1x1u0A9J8wg-00447-00151768-00152010 it will end up showing you how to set up
1x1u0A9J8wg-00448-00152011-00152427 your printer first so you could just do
1x1u0A9J8wg-00449-00152428-00152670 it by clicking on settings or it will
1x1u0A9J8wg-00450-00152671-00153087 show you a command to ask it like asking
1x1u0A9J8wg-00451-00153088-00153243 you to set up your printer
1x1u0A9J8wg-00452-00153244-00153510 so other ways if you just skip it then
1x1u0A9J8wg-00453-00153511-00153995 you can just go to the printer and then
1x1u0A9J8wg-00454-00153996-00154329 click on add printer or manage your
1x1u0A9J8wg-00455-00154330-00154598 existing printers you can do either so
1x1u0A9J8wg-00456-00154599-00155187 to get your 3d designs onto the 3d
1x1u0A9J8wg-00457-00155188-00155358 printing software there is no specific
1x1u0A9J8wg-00458-00155359-00155757 way of doing it but you can just drag
1x1u0A9J8wg-00459-00155758-00156165 your file and get it on to the heated
1x1u0A9J8wg-00460-00156166-00156516 bed so what I'm gonna do is I'm just
1x1u0A9J8wg-00461-00156517-00156882 gonna go back to my file location get it
1x1u0A9J8wg-00462-00156883-00157275 back here and put it on the bed so this
1x1u0A9J8wg-00463-00157276-00157620 is how your design looks like in the 3d
1x1u0A9J8wg-00464-00157621-00157881 printer you can actually envision how
1x1u0A9J8wg-00465-00157882-00158148 small or how big it is and you can
1x1u0A9J8wg-00466-00158149-00158361 change accordingly I'm going to show you
1x1u0A9J8wg-00467-00158362-00158808 how some basic tools to view your design
1x1u0A9J8wg-00468-00158809-00159039 this is you can see it in different
1x1u0A9J8wg-00469-00159040-00159531 angles and you can just click on the
1x1u0A9J8wg-00470-00159532-00159894 design and this tool is to move your
1x1u0A9J8wg-00471-00159895-00160344 design back and forth and this tool is
1x1u0A9J8wg-00472-00160345-00160632 to scale your design in case let's say
1x1u0A9J8wg-00473-00160633-00160821 if you didn't concentrate much about
1x1u0A9J8wg-00474-00160822-00161070 your dimensions in the designing phase
1x1u0A9J8wg-00475-00161071-00161400 it's a complete possibility for you to
1x1u0A9J8wg-00476-00161401-00161850 change your dimensions you can scale
1x1u0A9J8wg-00477-00161851-00162267 your design to maybe more or less 30 mm
1x1u0A9J8wg-00478-00162268-00162660 you can change them to it's already
1x1u0A9J8wg-00479-00162661-00162978 preset which is 60 and 30 right now I'm
1x1u0A9J8wg-00480-00162979-00163170 not changing it because we have focused
1x1u0A9J8wg-00481-00163171-00163434 on using specific dimensions in our
1x1u0A9J8wg-00482-00163435-00163725 designing stage itself so in case if you
1x1u0A9J8wg-00483-00163726-00163920 had missed out something you can you
1x1u0A9J8wg-00484-00163921-00164148 have the chance of doing it here this is
1x1u0A9J8wg-00485-00164149-00164328 this tool is to rotate your 3d
1x1u0A9J8wg-00486-00164329-00164843 design and different angles and axises
1x1u0A9J8wg-00487-00164844-00165189 so to put it don't get it to the initial
1x1u0A9J8wg-00488-00165190-00165444 position you can just click on reset so
1x1u0A9J8wg-00489-00165445-00165699 it get gets back to it so these are the
1x1u0A9J8wg-00490-00165700-00166104 basics stuff you will be knowing or if
1x1u0A9J8wg-00491-00166105-00166284 this is a new software you can know
1x1u0A9J8wg-00492-00166285-00166356 about it
1x1u0A9J8wg-00493-00166357-00166704 so you can just click here to set up few
1x1u0A9J8wg-00494-00166705-00167178 settings so we have something called
1x1u0A9J8wg-00495-00167179-00167577 layer height here this is basically we
1x1u0A9J8wg-00496-00167578-00167874 if you have know if you know about 3d
1x1u0A9J8wg-00497-00167875-00168189 printing before it creates layers by
1x1u0A9J8wg-00498-00168190-00168543 layers so each layer is gonna be 0.2
1x1u0A9J8wg-00499-00168544-00168813 hmmm so I would like you guys to set up
1x1u0A9J8wg-00500-00168814-00169074 this first and then let's go for infill
1x1u0A9J8wg-00501-00169075-00169299 there's nothing to do and fill in this
1x1u0A9J8wg-00502-00169300-00169536 specific design because infill is used
1x1u0A9J8wg-00503-00169537-00169788 when when you're when you have designed
1x1u0A9J8wg-00504-00169789-00170010 something a hollow object maybe
1x1u0A9J8wg-00505-00170011-00170247 so in this case I don't have anything
1x1u0A9J8wg-00506-00170248-00170646 Hollow it's completely extruded it's
1x1u0A9J8wg-00507-00170647-00170883 completely solid inside so I'm gonna
1x1u0A9J8wg-00508-00170884-00171615 give in full of 0 here let's go back
1x1u0A9J8wg-00509-00171616-00172113 let's go to the support support is used
1x1u0A9J8wg-00510-00172114-00172470 when let's say in case you don't have a
1x1u0A9J8wg-00511-00172471-00172788 heated bed for your 3d printer I would
1x1u0A9J8wg-00512-00172789-00173037 suggest you guys to go to the support go
1x1u0A9J8wg-00513-00173038-00173571 to the build plate Edition it's none
1x1u0A9J8wg-00514-00173572-00173985 here because we have a heating bed and
1x1u0A9J8wg-00515-00173986-00174321 you just have to select either raft or
1x1u0A9J8wg-00516-00174322-00174666 brim options for the setting so right
1x1u0A9J8wg-00517-00174667-00174990 now I'm just keeping it none so these
1x1u0A9J8wg-00518-00174991-00175179 are the few basic settings which you
1x1u0A9J8wg-00519-00175180-00175628 need to do while working with her on
1x1u0A9J8wg-00520-00175629-00175935 which is optimum for 3d printing I would
1x1u0A9J8wg-00521-00175936-00176274 say so I'm just slicing it now
1x1u0A9J8wg-00522-00176275-00176544 [Music]
1x1u0A9J8wg-00523-00176545-00176794 so slicing is done and it says 28
1x1u0A9J8wg-00524-00176795-00177043 minutes to print the complete design of
1x1u0A9J8wg-00525-00177044-00177375 yours which is our keychain
1x1u0A9J8wg-00526-00177376-00177838 you can also preview your slice the
1x1u0A9J8wg-00527-00177839-00178089 object you can see how exactly it looks
1x1u0A9J8wg-00528-00178090-00178641 like I want to show you guys from in
1x1u0A9J8wg-00529-00178642-00178960 from the initial stage to how it's been
1x1u0A9J8wg-00530-00178961-00179401 done till the end
1x1u0A9J8wg-00531-00179402-00179914 [Music]
1x1u0A9J8wg-00532-00179915-00180202 we can see how the design is emerging
1x1u0A9J8wg-00533-00180203-00180847 from a stage one we can also see how the
1x1u0A9J8wg-00534-00180848-00181405 3d printer exactly works right here so
1x1u0A9J8wg-00535-00181406-00181720 by looking at your design you get to
1x1u0A9J8wg-00536-00181721-00181945 understand if your design is varied too
1x1u0A9J8wg-00537-00181946-00182152 thin for 3d printing or you can thicken
1x1u0A9J8wg-00538-00182153-00182520 it a bit to make it look more finished
1x1u0A9J8wg-00539-00182521-00182878 quality when it's been 3d printed so
1x1u0A9J8wg-00540-00182879-00183166 keeping you can just get it here slyzer
1x1u0A9J8wg-00541-00183167-00183391 than if you can you can look at how it's
1x1u0A9J8wg-00542-00183392-00183670 how it is and you can change it how it
1x1u0A9J8wg-00543-00183671-00183919 needs to be for you in the way you like
1x1u0A9J8wg-00544-00183920-00184240 it right so I hope this helps thank you
1x1u0A9J8wg-00545-00184241-00185237 so much for watching this video
1x1u0A9J8wg-00546-00185238-00185444 you
1-TwY18LOFY-00000-00000000-00000231 [Music]
1-TwY18LOFY-00001-00000233-00000536 Green flux GSA dividers are perfect for
1-TwY18LOFY-00002-00000537-00000746 Park districts courthouses and other
1-TwY18LOFY-00003-00000747-00001211 government buildings to use the divider
1-TwY18LOFY-00004-00001212-00001441 pull out the bottom latch and open it to
1-TwY18LOFY-00005-00001442-00001682 the desired configuration when it's time
1-TwY18LOFY-00006-00001682-00001937 to pack up the partition easily folds
1-TwY18LOFY-00007-00001938-00002165 back to two foot by three foot for
1-TwY18LOFY-00008-00002166-00002717 compact storage hold the divider in the
1-TwY18LOFY-00009-00002718-00002900 set position with commercial grade
1-TwY18LOFY-00010-00002901-00003338 locking corner casters lock the screen
1-TwY18LOFY-00011-00003339-00003545 into place with the position control
1-TwY18LOFY-00012-00003546-00003953 hinges tackle panels allow for easily
1-TwY18LOFY-00013-00003954-00004265 showcasing items use the optional
1-TwY18LOFY-00014-00004266-00004463 multi-unit connector to attach multiple
1-TwY18LOFY-00015-00004464-00004694 dividers temporary meeting spaces
1-TwY18LOFY-00016-00004695-00004970 displaying materials and multi-purpose
1-TwY18LOFY-00017-00004971-00005218 rooms are just a couple of uses for the
1-TwY18LOFY-00018-00005219-00005627 screenflex portable GSA dividers
1_S_eUeN7ju-00000-00000000-00000519 [Music]
1_S_eUeN7ju-00001-00000520-00000734 hello and welcome to this presentation
1_S_eUeN7ju-00002-00000735-00000871 where we will be featuring and
1_S_eUeN7ju-00003-00000872-00001258 discussing the basics of the nuclear l55
1_S_eUeN7ju-00004-00001259-00001503 2zeq the board of choice for the
1_S_eUeN7ju-00005-00001504-00001718 hands-on virtual trust zone activation
1_S_eUeN7ju-00006-00001719-00001855 webinar
1_S_eUeN7ju-00007-00001855-00002079 in this video our agenda consists of
1_S_eUeN7ju-00008-00002080-00002255 four key discussion points
1_S_eUeN7ju-00009-00002256-00002431 we'll begin by locating important
1_S_eUeN7ju-00010-00002432-00002655 information pertaining to the l5 nuclear
1_S_eUeN7ju-00011-00002656-00002718 board
1_S_eUeN7ju-00012-00002719-00002918 then a board unboxing demonstration will
1_S_eUeN7ju-00013-00002919-00003126 follow moving forward we'll dissect the
1_S_eUeN7ju-00014-00003127-00003295 nucleo and highlight some of the key
1_S_eUeN7ju-00015-00003296-00003438 components on board
1_S_eUeN7ju-00016-00003439-00003615 lastly we'll wrap up the video with a
1_S_eUeN7ju-00017-00003615-00003790 few recommendations where you can delve
1_S_eUeN7ju-00018-00003792-00003999 deeper and learn more
1_S_eUeN7ju-00019-00004000-00004279 great let's get started in this section
1_S_eUeN7ju-00020-00004280-00004438 we'll review where you can find
1_S_eUeN7ju-00021-00004439-00004638 information and the various documents
1_S_eUeN7ju-00022-00004639-00004943 available pertaining to the stm32l5
1_S_eUeN7ju-00023-00004944-00005063 nucleo board
1_S_eUeN7ju-00024-00005064-00005499 starting at st.com search for the nucleo
1_S_eUeN7ju-00025-00005500-00005759 l552zeq you will then be led to the
1_S_eUeN7ju-00026-00005760-00005902 nucleos landing page
1_S_eUeN7ju-00027-00005903-00006151 in particular the overview tab this page
1_S_eUeN7ju-00028-00006152-00006318 provides you with a brief overview of
1_S_eUeN7ju-00029-00006319-00006446 the product and lists
1_S_eUeN7ju-00030-00006447-00006678 several key features of the board the
1_S_eUeN7ju-00031-00006679-00006814 documentation tab
1_S_eUeN7ju-00032-00006815-00006998 lists relevant documents pertaining to
1_S_eUeN7ju-00033-00007000-00007270 the l5 nucleo board please note that if
1_S_eUeN7ju-00034-00007272-00007406 you are looking for more specific
1_S_eUeN7ju-00035-00007408-00007470 documents
1_S_eUeN7ju-00036-00007472-00007670 such as the microcontroller's datasheet
1_S_eUeN7ju-00037-00007672-00007870 reference manual or errata you will have
1_S_eUeN7ju-00038-00007872-00008031 to perform a further search for the
1_S_eUeN7ju-00039-00008031-00008278 microcontroller part number on st.com
1_S_eUeN7ju-00040-00008279-00008495 under the cad resources tab you will
1_S_eUeN7ju-00041-00008496-00008687 find a collection of layout files
1_S_eUeN7ju-00042-00008688-00008878 the board's schematic and the board's
1_S_eUeN7ju-00043-00008879-00008991 bill of materials
1_S_eUeN7ju-00044-00008992-00009174 file now that we've covered the
1_S_eUeN7ju-00045-00009175-00009327 documentation portion of this
1_S_eUeN7ju-00046-00009328-00009406 presentation
1_S_eUeN7ju-00047-00009407-00009583 let's proceed onward to what you can
1_S_eUeN7ju-00048-00009584-00009767 expect when you receive your nucleo
1_S_eUeN7ju-00049-00009768-00009823 board
1_S_eUeN7ju-00050-00009824-00010031 each board comes in sleek plastic
1_S_eUeN7ju-00051-00010032-00010191 packaging and preloaded with the
1_S_eUeN7ju-00052-00010192-00010367 demonstration firmware
1_S_eUeN7ju-00053-00010368-00010542 to run this demo you will need two
1_S_eUeN7ju-00054-00010543-00010671 additional things
1_S_eUeN7ju-00055-00010672-00011046 a pc and a usb type b micro cable
1_S_eUeN7ju-00056-00011047-00011191 start by removing the board from its
1_S_eUeN7ju-00057-00011192-00011383 packaging and locate the usb
1_S_eUeN7ju-00058-00011384-00011863 st link
1_S_eUeN7ju-00059-00011864-00012055 plug in the cables micro b side to the
1_S_eUeN7ju-00060-00012056-00012246 board
1_S_eUeN7ju-00061-00012247-00012542 and the other side to your pc you should
1_S_eUeN7ju-00062-00012543-00012822 then see a solid red led near the usb
1_S_eUeN7ju-00063-00012823-00012943 sealing connector
1_S_eUeN7ju-00064-00012944-00013175 and the onboard user leds flash in a
1_S_eUeN7ju-00065-00013176-00013286 sequence
1_S_eUeN7ju-00066-00013287-00013447 we have now confirmed that the board is
1_S_eUeN7ju-00067-00013447-00013647 working as expected and are ready to
1_S_eUeN7ju-00068-00013647-00013863 start developing
1_S_eUeN7ju-00069-00013863-00013999 now that you've seen the board and know
1_S_eUeN7ju-00070-00014000-00014230 what to expect let's familiarize
1_S_eUeN7ju-00071-00014231-00014494 ourselves with a few important on-board
1_S_eUeN7ju-00072-00014495-00014583 components
1_S_eUeN7ju-00073-00014584-00014766 at the heart of the nuclear board you
1_S_eUeN7ju-00074-00014768-00015079 will find the stm32 microcontroller
1_S_eUeN7ju-00075-00015080-00015483 in the case of this nuclear board the
1_S_eUeN7ju-00076-00015484-00015855 stm32l552
1_S_eUeN7ju-00077-00015856-00016055 these letters and numbers make up a code
1_S_eUeN7ju-00078-00016056-00016158 that represents
1_S_eUeN7ju-00079-00016159-00016366 features and describes some aspect of
1_S_eUeN7ju-00080-00016368-00016486 the microcontroller
1_S_eUeN7ju-00081-00016487-00016639 details that you can derive from the
1_S_eUeN7ju-00082-00016640-00016863 micros naming convention include but are
1_S_eUeN7ju-00083-00016864-00017111 not limited to product type
1_S_eUeN7ju-00084-00017112-00017447 subfamily pin count flash memory size
1_S_eUeN7ju-00085-00017448-00017686 and package all of this information can
1_S_eUeN7ju-00086-00017687-00017847 be found in the microcontrollers
1_S_eUeN7ju-00087-00017848-00017935 datasheet
1_S_eUeN7ju-00088-00017936-00018150 namely under the ordering information
1_S_eUeN7ju-00089-00018151-00018375 section there are three user accessible
1_S_eUeN7ju-00090-00018376-00018607 leds on the nucleo board
1_S_eUeN7ju-00091-00018608-00018927 ld3 a red led connected to pa9
1_S_eUeN7ju-00092-00018928-00019230 ld2 a blue led connected to pb7
1_S_eUeN7ju-00093-00019231-00019543 and finally ld1 a green led connected to
1_S_eUeN7ju-00094-00019544-00019719 pc7
1_S_eUeN7ju-00095-00019720-00019927 there are two push buttons available on
1_S_eUeN7ju-00096-00019928-00020086 the nucleo board
1_S_eUeN7ju-00097-00020087-00020311 on the lower left hand corner is a blue
1_S_eUeN7ju-00098-00020312-00020422 user button
1_S_eUeN7ju-00099-00020423-00020667 this button can be accessed through pin
1_S_eUeN7ju-00100-00020668-00020830 pc13
1_S_eUeN7ju-00101-00020831-00021014 on the other side in the lower right
1_S_eUeN7ju-00102-00021015-00021214 hand corner is a black button this
1_S_eUeN7ju-00103-00021215-00021383 button is connected directly to the
1_S_eUeN7ju-00104-00021384-00021535 micros reset line
1_S_eUeN7ju-00105-00021536-00021743 toward the middle of the board on both
1_S_eUeN7ju-00106-00021744-00021894 the left and right hand side
1_S_eUeN7ju-00107-00021895-00022127 you will see header footprints these
1_S_eUeN7ju-00108-00022128-00022343 provide direct access to all of the
1_S_eUeN7ju-00109-00022344-00022511 microcontrollers ios
1_S_eUeN7ju-00110-00022512-00022863 and are denoted as cn11 and cn12 on the
1_S_eUeN7ju-00111-00022864-00022919 board
1_S_eUeN7ju-00112-00022920-00023150 moving inward there are also another set
1_S_eUeN7ju-00113-00023151-00023255 of connectors
1_S_eUeN7ju-00114-00023256-00023503 they allow for easy access to add-ons
1_S_eUeN7ju-00115-00023504-00023727 compatible with the arduino uno
1_S_eUeN7ju-00116-00023728-00024007 mounting of our x nucleoshields and are
1_S_eUeN7ju-00117-00024008-00024142 denoted as
1_S_eUeN7ju-00118-00024143-00024447 cn7 cn8 cn9
1_S_eUeN7ju-00119-00024448-00024871 and cn10 the stm32 l5 nuclear board
1_S_eUeN7ju-00120-00024872-00025214 comes with an onboard st-link v2-1
1_S_eUeN7ju-00121-00025215-00025407 which can function as a debugger or
1_S_eUeN7ju-00122-00025408-00025670 programmer the sc link is a mass storage
1_S_eUeN7ju-00123-00025672-00025814 programmer allowing for
1_S_eUeN7ju-00124-00025816-00026006 drag and drop binary programming and
1_S_eUeN7ju-00125-00026007-00026143 supports debugging
1_S_eUeN7ju-00126-00026144-00026495 via the swd interface to access the st
1_S_eUeN7ju-00127-00026495-00026567 link
1_S_eUeN7ju-00128-00026568-00026855 simply plug in your usb to the sc-link
1_S_eUeN7ju-00129-00026856-00026974 usb connector
1_S_eUeN7ju-00130-00026975-00027311 denoted on board as cn1
1_S_eUeN7ju-00131-00027312-00027511 upon connecting the nucleo board to your
1_S_eUeN7ju-00132-00027512-00027758 pc you can check the status of the sc
1_S_eUeN7ju-00133-00027760-00027846 link connection
1_S_eUeN7ju-00134-00027847-00028118 using the sc-link com led on the upper
1_S_eUeN7ju-00135-00028119-00028295 right hand corner of the nucleo
1_S_eUeN7ju-00136-00028295-00028439 there are a total of five different
1_S_eUeN7ju-00137-00028439-00028614 possible sc-link com
1_S_eUeN7ju-00138-00028616-00028895 led states blinking red indicates the
1_S_eUeN7ju-00139-00028895-00029167 first usb enumeration with the pc is
1_S_eUeN7ju-00140-00029168-00029302 taking place
1_S_eUeN7ju-00141-00029304-00029535 solid red indicates the communication
1_S_eUeN7ju-00142-00029536-00029743 between the pc and sd-link has been
1_S_eUeN7ju-00143-00029744-00029879 established
1_S_eUeN7ju-00144-00029880-00030102 blinking red and green alternately
1_S_eUeN7ju-00145-00030103-00030335 indicates that data is being exchanged
1_S_eUeN7ju-00146-00030336-00030431 between the pc
1_S_eUeN7ju-00147-00030432-00030702 and the board solid green indicates that
1_S_eUeN7ju-00148-00030703-00030883 the last communication has been
1_S_eUeN7ju-00149-00030883-00031007 successful
1_S_eUeN7ju-00150-00031008-00031190 solid orange indicates that the
1_S_eUeN7ju-00151-00031191-00031399 sc-link's communication with the target
1_S_eUeN7ju-00152-00031400-00031502 has failed
1_S_eUeN7ju-00153-00031503-00031679 now that you know where to find relevant
1_S_eUeN7ju-00154-00031680-00031902 board documents what to expect upon
1_S_eUeN7ju-00155-00031903-00032095 receiving your board and are familiar
1_S_eUeN7ju-00156-00032095-00032262 with the key on board components
1_S_eUeN7ju-00157-00032263-00032439 you may find yourself wondering what's
1_S_eUeN7ju-00158-00032439-00032567 next and
1_S_eUeN7ju-00159-00032568-00032767 how can i learn more there are numerous
1_S_eUeN7ju-00160-00032768-00032871 videos available
1_S_eUeN7ju-00161-00032872-00033062 on our sc microelectronics youtube
1_S_eUeN7ju-00162-00033063-00033367 channel in particular for the stm32l5
1_S_eUeN7ju-00163-00033368-00033415 series
1_S_eUeN7ju-00164-00033416-00033727 we recommend checking out the scm32l5
1_S_eUeN7ju-00165-00033728-00033807 online training
1_S_eUeN7ju-00166-00033808-00034111 playlist our hands-on trust zone webinar
1_S_eUeN7ju-00167-00034112-00034327 our hands-on mooc discussing what really
1_S_eUeN7ju-00168-00034328-00034527 matters with ultra low power and last
1_S_eUeN7ju-00169-00034528-00034607 but not least
1_S_eUeN7ju-00170-00034608-00034831 our six-part security mooc to help you
1_S_eUeN7ju-00171-00034832-00035055 get started developing your next project
1_S_eUeN7ju-00172-00035056-00035262 we first recommend getting familiar with
1_S_eUeN7ju-00173-00035263-00035390 the stm32
1_S_eUeN7ju-00174-00035391-00035735 cube l5 mcu package that can be found on
1_S_eUeN7ju-00175-00035736-00035855 st.com
1_S_eUeN7ju-00176-00035856-00036039 in this mcu package you will find
1_S_eUeN7ju-00177-00036040-00036223 numerous application examples
1_S_eUeN7ju-00178-00036224-00036439 example projects of all variations and
1_S_eUeN7ju-00179-00036440-00036543 so much more
1_S_eUeN7ju-00180-00036544-00036783 to supplement this mcu package please
1_S_eUeN7ju-00181-00036784-00036871 review
1_S_eUeN7ju-00182-00036872-00037202 um 2656 an
1_S_eUeN7ju-00183-00037203-00037530 5424 and um
1_S_eUeN7ju-00184-00037531-00037830 2659 thank you for watching we hope that
1_S_eUeN7ju-00185-00037831-00038023 you enjoyed this brief introduction
1_S_eUeN7ju-00186-00038024-00038327 to the stm32l5 nucleo board
1_S_eUeN7ju-00187-00038328-00039428 see you next time
1_S_eUeN7ju-00188-00039429-00040727 [Music]
1_S_eUeN7ju-00189-00040728-00040936 you
1A1Ibqa3O6Q-00000-00000066-00001491 [Music]
1A1Ibqa3O6Q-00001-00001492-00001725 um
1A1Ibqa3O6Q-00002-00001726-00002603 [Music]
1A1Ibqa3O6Q-00003-00002604-00003228 [Applause]
1A1Ibqa3O6Q-00004-00003229-00003359 [Music]
1A1Ibqa3O6Q-00005-00003360-00004389 thank you
1A1Ibqa3O6Q-00006-00004390-00007083 [Music]
1A1Ibqa3O6Q-00007-00007084-00007531 is
1A1Ibqa3O6Q-00008-00007531-00008577 [Music]
1A1Ibqa3O6Q-00009-00008578-00009883 [Music]
1A1Ibqa3O6Q-00010-00009884-00011082 is
1A1Ibqa3O6Q-00012-00015484-00015628 so
1A1Ibqa3O6Q-00013-00015629-00015816 [Applause]
1A1Ibqa3O6Q-00014-00015818-00016883 [Music]
1A1Ibqa3O6Q-00015-00016884-00017288 me
1A1Ibqa3O6Q-00016-00017289-00018283 [Music]
1A1Ibqa3O6Q-00017-00018284-00018798 me
1A1Ibqa3O6Q-00018-00018799-00020686 [Music]
1A1Ibqa3O6Q-00019-00020687-00020895 you
1FZeoodxe9E-00000-00000088-00000303 and I apologize for the delay we had
1FZeoodxe9E-00001-00000304-00000540 some technical difficulties on a picture
1FZeoodxe9E-00002-00000541-00000735 that we were producing that will be
1FZeoodxe9E-00003-00000736-00000957 providing you a little bit later I'm
1FZeoodxe9E-00004-00000958-00001119 Sergeant Chris Anza the supervisor of
1FZeoodxe9E-00005-00001120-00001269 the Aurora Police Department Media
1FZeoodxe9E-00006-00001270-00001461 Relations unit today we're going to give
1FZeoodxe9E-00007-00001462-00001607 you a briefing on the incident that
1FZeoodxe9E-00008-00001609-00001835 occurred yesterday speaking first will
1FZeoodxe9E-00009-00001836-00002018 be Sergeant Steve Joe cursed his last
1FZeoodxe9E-00010-00002019-00002426 name is spelled J ok ers t he is the
1FZeoodxe9E-00011-00002427-00002622 supervisor of our major crimes homicide
1FZeoodxe9E-00012-00002623-00002846 unit he will discuss the homicide that
1FZeoodxe9E-00013-00002847-00003191 occurred at 142 Delmar circle then after
1FZeoodxe9E-00014-00003192-00003420 that lieutenant Matt Clark spelled CLA
1FZeoodxe9E-00015-00003421-00003669 RK with the Denver Police Department
1FZeoodxe9E-00016-00003670-00003882 Major Crimes Division will give you a
1FZeoodxe9E-00017-00003883-00004125 quick briefing on the officer involved
1FZeoodxe9E-00018-00004126-00004352 shooting investigation that occurred at
1FZeoodxe9E-00019-00004353-00004758 1457 to east 46 Avenue and then finally
1FZeoodxe9E-00020-00004759-00005061 a chief of police Nicholas Mets and meet
1FZeoodxe9E-00021-00005062-00005277 easy of the Aurora Police Department
1FZeoodxe9E-00022-00005278-00005484 will give you a update on our officers
1FZeoodxe9E-00023-00005485-00005978 who is shots condition sergeant Duggars
1FZeoodxe9E-00024-00005979-00006407 thanks Chris once again sergeant steve
1FZeoodxe9E-00025-00006408-00006912 Joker's ste ve last name jokers jo k ER
1FZeoodxe9E-00026-00006913-00007166 st and i am currently with the aurora
1FZeoodxe9E-00027-00007167-00007377 police department Major Crime homicide
1FZeoodxe9E-00028-00007378-00007737 unit on november eighth 2016 at
1FZeoodxe9E-00029-00007738-00008055 approximately 11 21 a.m. in the morning
1FZeoodxe9E-00030-00008056-00008244 the Aurora public safety communications
1FZeoodxe9E-00031-00008245-00008508 department received a 911 call for
1FZeoodxe9E-00032-00008509-00008720 service involving weapons with an
1FZeoodxe9E-00033-00008721-00008952 injured party at the location at 142
1FZeoodxe9E-00034-00008953-00009278 North Delmar circle initial responding
1FZeoodxe9E-00035-00009279-00009437 officers located in an injured male
1FZeoodxe9E-00036-00009438-00009627 suffering from apparent gunshot wounds
1FZeoodxe9E-00037-00009628-00009892 in the parking lot on the west side of
1FZeoodxe9E-00038-00009893-00010209 142 North Delmar circle officers
1FZeoodxe9E-00039-00010210-00010403 immediately began to render aid and
1FZeoodxe9E-00040-00010404-00010655 summon for emergency medical assistance
1FZeoodxe9E-00041-00010656-00010880 members of the Aurora fire department
1FZeoodxe9E-00042-00010881-00011087 arrived on scene and transported the
1FZeoodxe9E-00043-00011088-00011219 injured male to the University of
1FZeoodxe9E-00044-00011220-00011430 Colorado Hospital where the victim
1FZeoodxe9E-00045-00011431-00011678 succumbed to his injuries during the
1FZeoodxe9E-00046-00011679-00011894 initial investigation officers located
1FZeoodxe9E-00047-00011895-00012119 several eyewitnesses who provided
1FZeoodxe9E-00048-00012120-00012330 detailed information of the suspect
1FZeoodxe9E-00049-00012331-00012638 vehicle license plate driver and
1FZeoodxe9E-00050-00012639-00012869 direction to travel from the scene this
1FZeoodxe9E-00051-00012870-00013026 information was provided to other
1FZeoodxe9E-00052-00013027-00013257 responding officers which included
1FZeoodxe9E-00053-00013258-00013413 members of specific Aurora
1FZeoodxe9E-00054-00013413-00013650 department specialized units as well as
1FZeoodxe9E-00055-00013651-00013824 the Denver Police Department who were
1FZeoodxe9E-00056-00013825-00014040 able to locate that involved vehicle at
1FZeoodxe9E-00057-00014041-00014376 an address in northeast denver before i
1FZeoodxe9E-00058-00014377-00014604 turn this over to lieutenant Clarke I
1FZeoodxe9E-00059-00014605-00014816 would like to remind you that this is
1FZeoodxe9E-00060-00014818-00015041 currently on our portion an active
1FZeoodxe9E-00061-00015043-00015266 investigation and we won't be providing
1FZeoodxe9E-00062-00015268-00015528 the identity of the victim or any other
1FZeoodxe9E-00063-00015529-00015822 information pertaining to our case at
1FZeoodxe9E-00064-00015822-00016560 142 North Del Mar lieutenant morning
1FZeoodxe9E-00065-00016561-00016680 lieutenant Matt Clark with the number
1FZeoodxe9E-00066-00016681-00016788 Police Department's Major Crimes
1FZeoodxe9E-00067-00016789-00016977 Division give you some information about
1FZeoodxe9E-00068-00016978-00017277 the incident that we had was the back
1FZeoodxe9E-00069-00017278-00017597 end of the homicide was the second half
1FZeoodxe9E-00070-00017598-00017958 I'd occur to 14 572 he's forty sixth
1FZeoodxe9E-00071-00017959-00018165 Avenue which is in the montbello area
1FZeoodxe9E-00072-00018166-00018324 near the area forty sixth Avenue in
1FZeoodxe9E-00073-00018325-00018519 Durham court the Denver Police
1FZeoodxe9E-00074-00018520-00018666 Department received initial notification
1FZeoodxe9E-00075-00018667-00018872 about the Aurora homicide with the
1FZeoodxe9E-00076-00018873-00019025 suspect information at about eleven
1FZeoodxe9E-00077-00019026-00019299 thirty one that information included
1FZeoodxe9E-00078-00019300-00019524 specific details about the armed and
1FZeoodxe9E-00079-00019525-00019683 dangerous suspect who had dis committed
1FZeoodxe9E-00080-00019684-00019922 the homicide in Aurora and a specific
1FZeoodxe9E-00081-00019923-00020166 vehicle by make model and license plate
1FZeoodxe9E-00082-00020167-00020381 the license plate listed to an address
1FZeoodxe9E-00083-00020382-00020675 in montbello on East forty sixth Avenue
1FZeoodxe9E-00084-00020676-00020919 which directed District five officers to
1FZeoodxe9E-00085-00020920-00021150 that location upon their arrival they
1FZeoodxe9E-00086-00021151-00021417 located that same vehicle it's a black
1FZeoodxe9E-00087-00021418-00021675 chevy monte carlo to door in the
1FZeoodxe9E-00088-00021676-00021852 driveway there it was unoccupied and
1FZeoodxe9E-00089-00021853-00022035 there was no other individuals outside
1FZeoodxe9E-00090-00022036-00022205 of the residents at that point
1FZeoodxe9E-00091-00022206-00022539 simultaneously Aurora investigators
1FZeoodxe9E-00092-00022540-00022836 officers began arriving in the area and
1FZeoodxe9E-00093-00022837-00022956 there was coordination between the two
1FZeoodxe9E-00094-00022957-00023160 agencies while they were waiting for
1FZeoodxe9E-00095-00023161-00023337 additional tactical resources to assist
1FZeoodxe9E-00096-00023338-00023594 and attempting to contact the subject at
1FZeoodxe9E-00097-00023595-00023802 that location there over the next
1FZeoodxe9E-00098-00023803-00023997 several minutes as a coordination
1FZeoodxe9E-00099-00023998-00024399 occurred officers were prepared for an
1FZeoodxe9E-00100-00024400-00024543 individual to come out of the residents
1FZeoodxe9E-00101-00024544-00024711 and to contact him and that in fact it
1FZeoodxe9E-00102-00024712-00024924 happened the subject emerged from the
1FZeoodxe9E-00103-00024925-00025215 residence he was carrying a infant we
1FZeoodxe9E-00104-00025216-00025530 believed to be his child in a carrier he
1FZeoodxe9E-00105-00025531-00025820 loaded the carrier into the vehicle
1FZeoodxe9E-00106-00025822-00025974 there was specific concern of the
1FZeoodxe9E-00107-00025975-00026195 officers at that point if that vehicle
1FZeoodxe9E-00108-00026197-00026370 became mobile knowing that he just
1FZeoodxe9E-00109-00026370-00026505 committed a homicide 30 minutes prior
1FZeoodxe9E-00110-00026506-00026761 and his propensity for violence and like
1FZeoodxe9E-00111-00026762-00026980 the hood of being armed the decision was
1FZeoodxe9E-00112-00026981-00027171 made to attempt to contact him at that
1FZeoodxe9E-00113-00027172-00027433 location prior to him getting into the
1FZeoodxe9E-00114-00027433-00027655 vehicle so the infant was placed in the
1FZeoodxe9E-00115-00027656-00027874 vehicle he was standing outside of the
1FZeoodxe9E-00116-00027875-00028135 vehicle as an Aurora tactical team of
1FZeoodxe9E-00117-00028136-00028518 four officers came up the street they
1FZeoodxe9E-00118-00028519-00028681 were in an unmarked car but the subject
1FZeoodxe9E-00119-00028682-00028927 did identify them and recognize them to
1FZeoodxe9E-00120-00028927-00029176 the officers rather than attempting to
1FZeoodxe9E-00121-00029177-00029395 flee he instead retrieved a handgun and
1FZeoodxe9E-00122-00029395-00029704 began firing upon the officers the
1FZeoodxe9E-00123-00029705-00029871 officers were concerned and aware of the
1FZeoodxe9E-00124-00029872-00030025 infant in the vehicle and they directed
1FZeoodxe9E-00125-00030026-00030321 their specific direction of fire the
1FZeoodxe9E-00126-00030322-00030540 Aurora officers was directly at the
1FZeoodxe9E-00127-00030541-00030795 subject and not towards or in the line
1FZeoodxe9E-00128-00030797-00030937 towards where the infant was in the
1FZeoodxe9E-00129-00030938-00031387 vehicle the subject was struck by the
1FZeoodxe9E-00130-00031388-00031665 rounds that were fired and he went down
1FZeoodxe9E-00131-00031666-00031839 and was pronounced deceased at that
1FZeoodxe9E-00132-00031841-00032112 location in front of the residents there
1FZeoodxe9E-00133-00032113-00032473 during the exchange of gunfire one of
1FZeoodxe9E-00134-00032474-00032646 the rounds that was fired by the subject
1FZeoodxe9E-00135-00032647-00032839 did strike an aurora police officer who
1FZeoodxe9E-00136-00032840-00033199 was the driver of the tactical vehicle
1FZeoodxe9E-00137-00033200-00033477 that was a protein that officer was
1FZeoodxe9E-00138-00033478-00033724 extracted from the car by denver and
1FZeoodxe9E-00139-00033725-00033969 aurora officers and he was subsequently
1FZeoodxe9E-00140-00033970-00034227 immediately transported in the denver
1FZeoodxe9E-00141-00034228-00034437 police vehicle to university hospital
1FZeoodxe9E-00142-00034438-00034587 that was by a denver police supervisor
1FZeoodxe9E-00143-00034588-00034833 and an aurora police officer in that
1FZeoodxe9E-00144-00034834-00034933 vehicle and they rushed him to
1FZeoodxe9E-00145-00034934-00035649 university for immediate treatment the
1FZeoodxe9E-00146-00035650-00035857 just so you're aware it can give you a
1FZeoodxe9E-00147-00035858-00036171 brief background of the subject was
1FZeoodxe9E-00148-00036172-00036340 deceased he'll be identified by the
1FZeoodxe9E-00149-00036341-00036571 denver medical examiner's office he has
1FZeoodxe9E-00150-00036572-00036852 a limited criminal history has some some
1FZeoodxe9E-00151-00036853-00037027 arrests for assault and a robbery but
1FZeoodxe9E-00152-00037028-00037279 it's not a lengthy criminal history as
1FZeoodxe9E-00153-00037280-00037483 far as that's concerned we did recover a
1FZeoodxe9E-00154-00037484-00037807 gun at the scene by the suspect we also
1FZeoodxe9E-00155-00037808-00038104 recovered several shell casings further
1FZeoodxe9E-00156-00038105-00038251 indication that he did fire upon the
1FZeoodxe9E-00157-00038252-00038508 officers of multiple shell casings three
1FZeoodxe9E-00158-00038509-00038715 police officers discharged their weapons
1FZeoodxe9E-00159-00038716-00038917 in this incident to from Aurora and one
1FZeoodxe9E-00160-00038918-00039214 from Denver I won't go into the details
1FZeoodxe9E-00161-00039215-00039424 of the officers or their identities but
1FZeoodxe9E-00162-00039425-00039550 I can tell you that the Aurora
1FZeoodxe9E-00163-00039551-00039822 supervisor with the tactical team came
1FZeoodxe9E-00164-00039823-00040011 and the aurora police department in 2003
1FZeoodxe9E-00165-00040012-00040284 a tactical officer from Aurora who's
1FZeoodxe9E-00166-00040285-00040545 involved came out in 2001 and the Denver
1FZeoodxe9E-00167-00040546-00040749 police officer who was involved as a
1FZeoodxe9E-00168-00040750-00040899 district by patrol officer who came on
1FZeoodxe9E-00169-00040900-00041265 the police department in 2013 through
1FZeoodxe9E-00170-00041266-00041397 this investigation we work cooperatively
1FZeoodxe9E-00171-00041398-00041574 with the Aurora Police Department major
1FZeoodxe9E-00172-00041575-00041775 crimes unit as part of our investigative
1FZeoodxe9E-00173-00041776-00041934 protocol for officer-involved shootings
1FZeoodxe9E-00174-00041935-00042138 we interviewed a number of witnesses all
1FZeoodxe9E-00175-00042139-00042414 the officers that were available gave
1FZeoodxe9E-00176-00042415-00042558 statements we still have yet to
1FZeoodxe9E-00177-00042559-00042747 interview the injured officer we will do
1FZeoodxe9E-00178-00042748-00042978 so when he's ready to do to provide an
1FZeoodxe9E-00179-00042979-00043545 interview you can imagine the call of a
1FZeoodxe9E-00180-00043546-00043866 officer being shot gets a lot of
1FZeoodxe9E-00181-00043867-00044073 attention from other officers and I'd
1FZeoodxe9E-00182-00044074-00044244 like to take an opportunity to thank the
1FZeoodxe9E-00183-00044245-00044394 surrounding jurisdictions that came into
1FZeoodxe9E-00184-00044395-00044634 Denver we had Arapahoe County Adams
1FZeoodxe9E-00185-00044635-00044862 County Commerce City Aurora and Denver
1FZeoodxe9E-00186-00044863-00044994 police officers all responded
1FZeoodxe9E-00187-00044995-00045195 immediately to help contain this chaotic
1FZeoodxe9E-00188-00045196-00045639 scene and it was appreciated at this
1FZeoodxe9E-00189-00045640-00045849 point die if you have any additional
1FZeoodxe9E-00190-00045850-00046017 information if there's anybody that
1FZeoodxe9E-00191-00046018-00046188 witnessed either of these incidents
1FZeoodxe9E-00192-00046189-00046392 either the Aurora homicide or the Denver
1FZeoodxe9E-00193-00046393-00046557 incident involving the police shooting
1FZeoodxe9E-00194-00046558-00046773 we'd ask you to contact the respective
1FZeoodxe9E-00195-00046774-00047025 agency or Crimestoppers with that
1FZeoodxe9E-00196-00047026-00047220 information and pass that along I in
1FZeoodxe9E-00197-00047221-00047430 conclusion again thanks for the other
1FZeoodxe9E-00198-00047431-00047553 agencies and our thoughts and prayers
1FZeoodxe9E-00199-00047554-00047697 are with the Aurora Police and the
1FZeoodxe9E-00200-00047698-00047877 officer and his family as he works
1FZeoodxe9E-00201-00047878-00048072 towards his recovery I'll address any
1FZeoodxe9E-00202-00048073-00048287 questions after our chief met speaks
1FZeoodxe9E-00203-00048288-00048706 thank you
1FZeoodxe9E-00204-00048707-00048907 good morning and thank you all for being
1FZeoodxe9E-00205-00048908-00049570 here since October first of 2016 this
1FZeoodxe9E-00206-00049571-00049813 has not been a good month and a half for
1FZeoodxe9E-00207-00049814-00049975 law enforcement around our country in
1FZeoodxe9E-00208-00049976-00050371 fact nationwide since October first our
1FZeoodxe9E-00209-00050372-00050650 country has lost 14 police officers to
1FZeoodxe9E-00210-00050651-00050878 gunfire and I'm here to tell you today
1FZeoodxe9E-00211-00050879-00051277 that we feel incredibly blessed that I'm
1FZeoodxe9E-00212-00051278-00051483 not sitting up here giving you that kind
1FZeoodxe9E-00213-00051484-00051949 of message on the other hand there were
1FZeoodxe9E-00214-00051950-00052071 a couple comments I heard yesterday
1FZeoodxe9E-00215-00052072-00052315 following the incident when in fact one
1FZeoodxe9E-00216-00052316-00052552 of them was on a radio show where they
1FZeoodxe9E-00217-00052553-00052714 said yeah the officer had been shot oh
1FZeoodxe9E-00218-00052715-00052905 then now it's non left life-threatening
1FZeoodxe9E-00219-00052907-00053182 injuries and must have not the shooting
1FZeoodxe9E-00220-00053183-00053446 must have not been that bad I want to
1FZeoodxe9E-00221-00053447-00053896 tell you that we came very close to
1FZeoodxe9E-00222-00053897-00054088 losing a brother here at aurora police
1FZeoodxe9E-00223-00054089-00054334 department with the officers permission
1FZeoodxe9E-00224-00054335-00054826 I want to show you a picture of the
1FZeoodxe9E-00225-00054827-00055254 entrance wound to our officer as you can
1FZeoodxe9E-00226-00055255-00055504 see here it's just right around right up
1FZeoodxe9E-00227-00055504-00055921 by his nose had that round either taken
1FZeoodxe9E-00228-00055922-00056254 a different type of trajectory or been a
1FZeoodxe9E-00229-00056254-00056580 half inch to an inch higher I'm not sure
1FZeoodxe9E-00230-00056582-00056701 what kind of message we would have been
1FZeoodxe9E-00231-00056702-00056974 giving you today so we feel very blessed
1FZeoodxe9E-00232-00056975-00057301 that he is going to survive and we feel
1FZeoodxe9E-00233-00057302-00057709 very blessed that we're not playing in a
1FZeoodxe9E-00234-00057710-00058114 few this officer has an incredible
1FZeoodxe9E-00235-00058115-00058384 reputation on our department he was
1FZeoodxe9E-00236-00058385-00058750 hired in 2003 he's been assigned to a
1FZeoodxe9E-00237-00058751-00058948 variety of units besides Patrol he was
1FZeoodxe9E-00238-00058949-00059279 assigned to the district 3 dart team in
1FZeoodxe9E-00239-00059280-00059707 2008 he was recently assigned to our SRT
1FZeoodxe9E-00240-00059708-00059869 team which is essentially our SWAT team
1FZeoodxe9E-00241-00059870-00060061 he received the Distinguished Service
1FZeoodxe9E-00242-00060062-00060420 Cross in 2011 and he received that for
1FZeoodxe9E-00243-00060421-00060652 responding to an active shooter incident
1FZeoodxe9E-00244-00060653-00060832 in an apartment complex and shoot and
1FZeoodxe9E-00245-00060833-00061086 rescuing issue the shooting victim and
1FZeoodxe9E-00246-00061087-00061387 he received the meritorious service
1FZeoodxe9E-00247-00061388-00061873 ribbon in 2015 in which a suicidal
1FZeoodxe9E-00248-00061874-00061983 subject
1FZeoodxe9E-00249-00061984-00062274 threatening officers with a rifle and he
1FZeoodxe9E-00250-00062275-00062550 was able to end that without further
1FZeoodxe9E-00251-00062551-00062949 injury to anybody else the two officers
1FZeoodxe9E-00252-00062950-00063080 at least from the aurora police
1FZeoodxe9E-00253-00063082-00063336 department that were involved both of
1FZeoodxe9E-00254-00063337-00063645 them are from our SRT one was a sergeant
1FZeoodxe9E-00255-00063646-00063852 it's a female sergeant she's been on the
1FZeoodxe9E-00256-00063853-00064149 department since 2003 also a supervisor
1FZeoodxe9E-00257-00064150-00064449 within our SRT the other is an officer
1FZeoodxe9E-00258-00064450-00064719 who's a male since 2001 he's a lateral
1FZeoodxe9E-00259-00064720-00065073 from another agency and also a member of
1FZeoodxe9E-00260-00065074-00065361 the SRT these officers as well as the
1FZeoodxe9E-00261-00065362-00065742 officer from Denver reacted in my
1FZeoodxe9E-00262-00065743-00065978 opinion courageously and heroically and
1FZeoodxe9E-00263-00065979-00066245 had they not reacted the way they did
1FZeoodxe9E-00264-00066246-00066636 they may not have been able to prevent
1FZeoodxe9E-00265-00066637-00066867 our officer from getting further injury
1FZeoodxe9E-00266-00066868-00067113 I also think it's in really important
1FZeoodxe9E-00267-00067114-00067254 that we thank the Denver Police
1FZeoodxe9E-00268-00067255-00067509 Department the two officers and that
1FZeoodxe9E-00269-00067510-00067659 were there from Denver PD who
1FZeoodxe9E-00270-00067660-00067947 immediately put our officer in their car
1FZeoodxe9E-00271-00067948-00068306 and rushed him to Anschutz it just shows
1FZeoodxe9E-00272-00068307-00068616 that you know the relationship between
1FZeoodxe9E-00273-00068617-00068775 the Aurora Police Department and the
1FZeoodxe9E-00274-00068776-00069009 Denver Police Department is a very
1FZeoodxe9E-00275-00069010-00069216 strong and solid one and we work with
1FZeoodxe9E-00276-00069217-00069384 Denver on a lot of different types of
1FZeoodxe9E-00277-00069385-00069741 issues but this is just a to me a prime
1FZeoodxe9E-00278-00069742-00069999 example of how our departments come
1FZeoodxe9E-00279-00070000-00070272 together when crisis hits and do an
1FZeoodxe9E-00280-00070273-00070470 excellent job of taking care of each
1FZeoodxe9E-00281-00070471-00070899 other following the incident our officer
1FZeoodxe9E-00282-00070900-00071202 was as I said rushed to University and
1FZeoodxe9E-00283-00071203-00071604 shoots the one of the first things we
1FZeoodxe9E-00284-00071605-00071787 deploy it was a new unit that we call
1FZeoodxe9E-00285-00071788-00072012 our trauma response team this is a group
1FZeoodxe9E-00286-00072013-00072234 of officers who are specially trained to
1FZeoodxe9E-00287-00072235-00072504 respond to situations where one of our
1FZeoodxe9E-00288-00072505-00072726 own or even if it's another officer from
1FZeoodxe9E-00289-00072727-00073026 another agency who has been seriously
1FZeoodxe9E-00290-00073027-00073302 injured we come in we work with the
1FZeoodxe9E-00291-00073303-00073557 hospital staff to make sure that not
1FZeoodxe9E-00292-00073558-00073725 only is the officer taken care of but
1FZeoodxe9E-00293-00073726-00074025 also to ensure that the basic operations
1FZeoodxe9E-00294-00074026-00074228 of the hospital are able to continue
1FZeoodxe9E-00295-00074229-00074490 they came in they did a great job they
1FZeoodxe9E-00296-00074491-00074652 were able to arrange for the family to
1FZeoodxe9E-00297-00074653-00074802 be brought in we've been working
1FZeoodxe9E-00298-00074803-00074991 incredibly close with the family
1FZeoodxe9E-00299-00074992-00075210 also working with the family to bring an
1FZeoodxe9E-00300-00075211-00075393 extended family from out of state so
1FZeoodxe9E-00301-00075394-00075843 that is working out very well I want to
1FZeoodxe9E-00302-00075844-00076035 give a special shout-out to my officers
1FZeoodxe9E-00303-00076036-00076365 from Aurora those who not only were at
1FZeoodxe9E-00304-00076366-00076562 the initial homicide scene who were
1FZeoodxe9E-00305-00076563-00076725 handling things away they need to be
1FZeoodxe9E-00306-00076726-00076943 handled but also those officers who
1FZeoodxe9E-00307-00076944-00077318 either were already on scene at 46 in
1FZeoodxe9E-00308-00077319-00077496 montbello or the officers who
1FZeoodxe9E-00309-00077497-00077934 immediately responded i went up to that
1FZeoodxe9E-00310-00077935-00078147 scene not long after the help the
1FZeoodxe9E-00311-00078148-00078405 officer came out and i can tell you from
1FZeoodxe9E-00312-00078406-00078837 my own observations the collaboration
1FZeoodxe9E-00313-00078838-00079013 between the aurora police officers and
1FZeoodxe9E-00314-00079014-00079256 the denver officers in making sure that
1FZeoodxe9E-00315-00079257-00079418 that scene was as secure as possible
1FZeoodxe9E-00316-00079419-00079716 because it was still very fluid was
1FZeoodxe9E-00317-00079717-00079884 amazing to watch and I couldn't be more
1FZeoodxe9E-00318-00079885-00080031 proud of my officers and the officers
1FZeoodxe9E-00319-00080032-00080351 from the Denver Police Department I also
1FZeoodxe9E-00320-00080352-00080537 want to thank the anschutz medical
1FZeoodxe9E-00321-00080538-00080787 center their staff doctors were
1FZeoodxe9E-00322-00080788-00081188 absolutely on it they were providing
1FZeoodxe9E-00323-00081189-00081443 whatever assistance our officer or
1FZeoodxe9E-00324-00081444-00081699 family or other officers needed and they
1FZeoodxe9E-00325-00081700-00081806 really went out of their way to make
1FZeoodxe9E-00326-00081807-00082149 sure that our police family was well
1FZeoodxe9E-00327-00082150-00082500 taken care of so with that will open up
1FZeoodxe9E-00328-00082501-00083037 to questions see if someone else can
1FZeoodxe9E-00329-00083038-00083196 maybe answer them yeah the baby the baby
1FZeoodxe9E-00330-00083197-00083322 was okay it was checked out it's
1FZeoodxe9E-00331-00083323-00083505 perfectly fine it's been released it's
1FZeoodxe9E-00332-00083506-00083994 with another family member at this point
1FZeoodxe9E-00333-00083995-00084516 baby yes ma'am officers he came out on
1FZeoodxe9E-00334-00084517-00084654 his own so they were prepared to deal
1FZeoodxe9E-00335-00084655-00084756 with him if he did come out and that's
1FZeoodxe9E-00336-00084757-00084957 in fact what happened they made no
1FZeoodxe9E-00337-00084958-00085113 attempts prior to bring him out of
1FZeoodxe9E-00338-00085114-00085368 residence maybe in the car just know
1FZeoodxe9E-00339-00085369-00085545 he's not that the car sees the cops
1FZeoodxe9E-00340-00085546-00085989 that's when he pulls his firearm no he
1FZeoodxe9E-00341-00085990-00086145 does not run at any point he he
1FZeoodxe9E-00342-00086146-00086352 maintains his ground there and instead
1FZeoodxe9E-00343-00086353-00086751 engages the officers ever talking about
1FZeoodxe9E-00344-00086752-00087138 a car no the the two law officers had
1FZeoodxe9E-00345-00087139-00087288 not the Denver officer was out of his
1FZeoodxe9E-00346-00087289-00088113 vehicle not at this time how close was
1FZeoodxe9E-00347-00088114-00088380 shocked we're still working to determine
1FZeoodxe9E-00348-00088381-00088827 that how many shots were fired so we
1FZeoodxe9E-00349-00088828-00089067 have mostly have multiple three officers
1FZeoodxe9E-00350-00089068-00089259 fired multiple shots each from their
1FZeoodxe9E-00351-00089260-00089490 weapons and similarly the suspect fired
1FZeoodxe9E-00352-00089491-00089628 multiple shots from his we're still
1FZeoodxe9E-00353-00089629-00089820 executing search warrants on the his
1FZeoodxe9E-00354-00089821-00090159 vehicle and doing some crime scene work
1FZeoodxe9E-00355-00090160-00091269 to make sure we get the accurate count
1FZeoodxe9E-00356-00091270-00091392 the line of fire and think it's
1FZeoodxe9E-00357-00091393-00091456 different
1FZeoodxe9E-00358-00091457-00091939 or sheriff understand how gun fires
1FZeoodxe9E-00359-00091940-00092125 going on and yet the baby somewhere on
1FZeoodxe9E-00360-00092126-00092353 the scene and get the baby is not in
1FZeoodxe9E-00361-00092354-00092689 danger sir so they knew the baby my
1FZeoodxe9E-00362-00092690-00092800 understanding the Aurora officers knew
1FZeoodxe9E-00363-00092801-00092941 the infant had been placed into the
1FZeoodxe9E-00364-00092942-00093199 vehicle and then he was outside of the
1FZeoodxe9E-00365-00093200-00093418 passenger side of the vehicle a couple
1FZeoodxe9E-00366-00093419-00093547 feet west of it and so they were
1FZeoodxe9E-00367-00093548-00093763 directing their the direction of fire
1FZeoodxe9E-00368-00093764-00094138 was at specifically at him and they were
1FZeoodxe9E-00369-00094139-00094333 cognizant knowing that if they were off
1FZeoodxe9E-00370-00094334-00094492 line with their fire that it could
1FZeoodxe9E-00371-00094493-00094717 potentially go into that vehicle so in
1FZeoodxe9E-00372-00094718-00094819 doing so they made sure that the
1FZeoodxe9E-00373-00094820-00095005 direction of their fire was was always
1FZeoodxe9E-00374-00095006-00096049 at him the reaction well it absolutely
1FZeoodxe9E-00375-00096050-00096217 does it was definitely a concern they
1FZeoodxe9E-00376-00096218-00096406 were cognizant of that and the risk that
1FZeoodxe9E-00377-00096407-00096610 the child was in both potentially being
1FZeoodxe9E-00378-00096611-00096847 with this individual and by their
1FZeoodxe9E-00379-00096848-00097153 response so they were aware of it try to
1FZeoodxe9E-00380-00097154-00097946 do the best to mitigate the situation
1FZeoodxe9E-00381-00097947-00098297 the subject forced a confrontation with
1FZeoodxe9E-00382-00098298-00098468 the officers he fired upon the officers
1FZeoodxe9E-00383-00098469-00098711 as they were in the area they did
1FZeoodxe9E-00384-00098712-00098834 everything they could tactically to
1FZeoodxe9E-00385-00098835-00098990 contain him and he was definitely a
1FZeoodxe9E-00386-00098991-00099749 absolute threat to the community but do
1FZeoodxe9E-00387-00099750-00100031 you know that you fired first at the
1FZeoodxe9E-00388-00100032-00100253 point that he can be a work myself I
1FZeoodxe9E-00389-00100254-00100373 don't think we'll be able to ever
1FZeoodxe9E-00390-00100374-00101419 sequence which round hit the officer I
1FZeoodxe9E-00391-00101420-00101780 do not know that do we know what
1FZeoodxe9E-00392-00101781-00102071 motivated that as well we are certainly
1FZeoodxe9E-00393-00102072-00102448 heard
1FZeoodxe9E-00394-00102449-00103035 did you know I was just like I stated
1FZeoodxe9E-00395-00103036-00103206 earlier we're actually in the process of
1FZeoodxe9E-00396-00103207-00103404 still interviewing witnesses and
1FZeoodxe9E-00397-00103405-00103617 gathering information from from that
1FZeoodxe9E-00398-00103618-00103849 particular scene and and at this
1FZeoodxe9E-00399-00103850-00104007 particular point we're still trying to
1FZeoodxe9E-00400-00104008-00104280 develop that to include the information
1FZeoodxe9E-00401-00104281-00104505 regarding the baby there we do not know
1FZeoodxe9E-00402-00104506-00104989 that right now we don't know did he have
1FZeoodxe9E-00403-00104990-00105175 a gun in his hand when he came out at
1FZeoodxe9E-00404-00105176-00105598 the baby in a carrier no sir we believe
1FZeoodxe9E-00405-00105599-00105954 he retrieved it from his waist area no
1FZeoodxe9E-00406-00105955-00106191 from his waistband way I don't have any
1FZeoodxe9E-00407-00106192-00106920 information he got it from the vehicle
1FZeoodxe9E-00408-00106921-00107263 he's an officer yep see that picture on
1FZeoodxe9E-00409-00107264-00107701 the front of her it takes two seconds
1FZeoodxe9E-00410-00107702-00107835 and we're going to provide everyone with
1FZeoodxe9E-00411-00107836-00108084 a copy and we'll also send an electronic
1FZeoodxe9E-00412-00108085-00108333 version to your desk yes chief is not
1FZeoodxe9E-00413-00108334-00108526 often that when we hear in the public
1FZeoodxe9E-00414-00108527-00108623 that us
1FZeoodxe9E-00415-00108624-00108803 so we'll shout in the face that we get
1FZeoodxe9E-00416-00108804-00109103 to see the look like you talk about why
1FZeoodxe9E-00417-00109104-00109283 you're showing that and how come there's
1FZeoodxe9E-00418-00109283-00109504 no entrance or can you explain how come
1FZeoodxe9E-00419-00109505-00109754 there's no exit wound or how they call
1FZeoodxe9E-00420-00109755-00110059 it work though yeah well as far as why
1FZeoodxe9E-00421-00110060-00110191 there's no eggs or when I'm not a
1FZeoodxe9E-00422-00110192-00110444 physician so I'm and so I'm not going to
1FZeoodxe9E-00423-00110445-00110816 be able not able to really give you an
1FZeoodxe9E-00424-00110817-00111091 answer to that I can say that the round
1FZeoodxe9E-00425-00111092-00111361 was lodged internal inside him still so
1FZeoodxe9E-00426-00111363-00111641 the round did penetrate as far as why
1FZeoodxe9E-00427-00111642-00111803 I'm showing the picture i think right
1FZeoodxe9E-00428-00111804-00111950 now it's important for the public to
1FZeoodxe9E-00429-00111951-00112216 know the kinds of dangers our officers
1FZeoodxe9E-00430-00112217-00112370 are facing and in particular for this
1FZeoodxe9E-00431-00112371-00112577 situation i think is incredibly
1FZeoodxe9E-00432-00112578-00112877 important to know just how close and how
1FZeoodxe9E-00433-00112878-00113297 serious this situation was for this
1FZeoodxe9E-00434-00113298-00113710 officer that again this was not
1FZeoodxe9E-00435-00113711-00113972 something that was uh oh he got shot and
1FZeoodxe9E-00436-00113973-00114221 he's he's fine and okay must not have
1FZeoodxe9E-00437-00114222-00114527 been that serious again I feel that it
1FZeoodxe9E-00438-00114528-00114784 was a it was a miracle if not a blessing
1FZeoodxe9E-00439-00114785-00115790 that that he's still with us and have to
1FZeoodxe9E-00440-00115791-00115984 ask gluten Todd that's correct the
1FZeoodxe9E-00441-00115985-00116165 Aurora officers were in their vehicle
1FZeoodxe9E-00442-00116166-00116291 approaching the residence when they were
1FZeoodxe9E-00443-00116292-00116447 fired upon and they returned fire from
1FZeoodxe9E-00444-00116448-00116716 their vehicle the evidence is showing
1FZeoodxe9E-00445-00116717-00117025 the gender officer was already there
1FZeoodxe9E-00446-00117026-00117229 visible outside of his car that's maybe
1FZeoodxe9E-00447-00117230-00117463 what motivated this kind of suspect so
1FZeoodxe9E-00448-00117464-00117715 it that's possible so i'm not sure what
1FZeoodxe9E-00449-00117716-00117885 triggered the suspect recognizing it was
1FZeoodxe9E-00450-00117886-00118117 the officers obviously so but yes the
1FZeoodxe9E-00451-00118118-00118284 Denver officer was out of his vehicle it
1FZeoodxe9E-00452-00118285-00118710 was a uniformed officer no he had to be
1FZeoodxe9E-00453-00118711-00118888 at a stationary position that he took
1FZeoodxe9E-00454-00118889-00120568 there hey one more question is that
1FZeoodxe9E-00455-00120569-00120783 something that gets talked about is this
1FZeoodxe9E-00456-00120784-00121591 you know lessons of the worm I can't say
1FZeoodxe9E-00457-00121592-00121783 specific whether it's from the movie
1FZeoodxe9E-00458-00121783-00122034 theater I mean everyone knows that many
1FZeoodxe9E-00459-00122035-00122164 of our officers made that type of
1FZeoodxe9E-00460-00122165-00122425 decision that night and because of that
1FZeoodxe9E-00461-00122426-00122752 saved the lives of many I think there
1FZeoodxe9E-00462-00122753-00122950 was just a concern that how long was it
1FZeoodxe9E-00463-00122951-00123133 going to take for emergency medical
1FZeoodxe9E-00464-00123133-00123370 personnel to get there I can tell you
1FZeoodxe9E-00465-00123371-00123609 from my conversation with the one of the
1FZeoodxe9E-00466-00123610-00123957 doctors he he came out and said that
1FZeoodxe9E-00467-00123958-00124183 those officers definitely made the right
1FZeoodxe9E-00468-00124183-00124450 decision to load him up and get him get
1FZeoodxe9E-00469-00124451-00124668 him to the hospital so he actually
1FZeoodxe9E-00470-00124669-00125106 applauded that decision
1FZeoodxe9E-00471-00125107-00125816 I to at this point I don't believe so
1FZeoodxe9E-00472-00125817-00125978 settled at the end the investigation is
1FZeoodxe9E-00473-00125979-00126086 ongoing and that's going to be actually
1FZeoodxe9E-00474-00126088-00126308 threw for our victim regarding our
1FZeoodxe9E-00475-00126309-00126624 related insadong delmar that's going to
1FZeoodxe9E-00476-00126625-00127129 come from Rep Oh County Coroner's
1FZeoodxe9E-00477-00127130-00127323 ultimately the suspect is Denver
1FZeoodxe9E-00478-00127324-00127466 coroner's office will release it later
1FZeoodxe9E-00479-00127467-00127770 this afternoon I anticipate all right
1FZeoodxe9E-00480-00127771-00127937 thank every 10 if you wanted to stick
1FZeoodxe9E-00481-00127938-00128183 around for
1Hts87qN36g-00000-00000142-00000451 Hosea Cunha Bautista popularly known as
1Hts87qN36g-00001-00000452-00000688 Ramon Revilla senior born Jose Bautista
1Hts87qN36g-00002-00000689-00001097 y hakuna on March 8th 1927 is a Filipino
1Hts87qN36g-00003-00001098-00001274 actor and former senator of the Republic
1Hts87qN36g-00004-00001275-00001682 of the Philippines he is known as the
1Hts87qN36g-00005-00001682-00002084 Hari inga he met literally king of
1Hts87qN36g-00006-00002085-00002705 amulets in Philippine movies personal
1Hts87qN36g-00007-00002706-00003224 life he is the youngest child of the ten
1Hts87qN36g-00008-00003225-00003422 children of businessmen ildefonso
1Hts87qN36g-00009-00003422-00003842 Bautista and Andrea Cunha the first
1Hts87qN36g-00010-00003843-00004052 family of Ramon Revilla senior is with
1Hts87qN36g-00011-00004053-00004413 the mother of Evelyn Bautista Jaworski
1Hts87qN36g-00012-00004414-00004667 Ramon Revere's wife is a su sane
1Hts87qN36g-00013-00004668-00004838 immortal they produced seven children
1Hts87qN36g-00014-00004839-00005122 namely Marlon Ruina Bautista Mendiola
1Hts87qN36g-00015-00005123-00005441 Jose Marie bong Rivia Rebecca Bautista
1Hts87qN36g-00016-00005442-00005713 Ocampo princess Revilla edwin strike
1Hts87qN36g-00017-00005714-00005936 Rivia andrea valve testa and Aras and
1Hts87qN36g-00018-00005937-00006370 Diane and with gentlemen Magsaysay they
1Hts87qN36g-00019-00006371-00006584 produced nine offsprings namely Ram
1Hts87qN36g-00020-00006584-00006970 Rivia ma Ramona Belen Mara raggy man
1Hts87qN36g-00021-00006972-00007292 Riggle and Gayle Ram Joshua Ramon Joseph
1Hts87qN36g-00022-00007293-00007670 RJ Raphael Julius Reuben Jesse be Rivia
1Hts87qN36g-00023-00007670-00007901 Bautista are known as Ruben be Rivia and
1Hts87qN36g-00024-00007902-00008134 rambling Gabrielle
1Hts87qN36g-00025-00008134-00008894 Ram Revilla murder on October 17th 2013
1Hts87qN36g-00026-00008895-00009088 Ramon Revilla senior father of the
1Hts87qN36g-00027-00009089-00009271 deceased Ram Revilla broke his silence
1Hts87qN36g-00028-00009272-00009478 and officially aired his emotions about
1Hts87qN36g-00029-00009479-00009680 the RAM Revilla murder case and thus
1Hts87qN36g-00030-00009681-00009971 gave his official statement
1Hts87qN36g-00031-00009972-00010201 statement of Senator Ramon Revilla
1Hts87qN36g-00032-00010202-00010426 senior on the birthday of his son Ramon
1Hts87qN36g-00033-00010427-00010651 Joseph who has been under detention for
1Hts87qN36g-00034-00010652-00011080 two years now para a cognitive acts akin
1Hts87qN36g-00035-00011081-00011316 a mundo a malum and cone da nang a key
1Hts87qN36g-00036-00011317-00011646 nanak nasi Ramon Joseph I Hindi Nvidia
1Hts87qN36g-00037-00011647-00011889 Ning Piazza in hakumen I felt like the
1Hts87qN36g-00038-00011890-00012058 world fell on me when I was informed
1Hts87qN36g-00039-00012059-00012288 that my son Ramon Joseph was not allowed
1Hts87qN36g-00040-00012289-00012588 by the court to post bail
1Hts87qN36g-00041-00012589-00012905 ah COPO ina nina walling hindi mag Ogawa
1Hts87qN36g-00042-00012906-00013179 anak ko ang an eon began not caramel
1Hts87qN36g-00043-00013180-00013413 demo I do believe that my son cannot do
1Hts87qN36g-00044-00013413-00013844 anything like that hang em GA anak ko AI
1Hts87qN36g-00045-00013845-00014169 lü machi saw Selita in pegannon ISA
1Hts87qN36g-00046-00014169-00014438 siyang ma babe now anak my children grew
1Hts87qN36g-00047-00014440-00014813 up in the Word of God he is a nice son a
1Hts87qN36g-00048-00014813-00015122 chai and you li sha Allah Lang warrant
1Hts87qN36g-00049-00015124-00015513 have arrested halos da liwa ng t AO n na
1Hts87qN36g-00050-00015513-00015941 sai yang na GD u ru s a sock a UL u ngan
1Hts87qN36g-00051-00015941-00016326 ino Sen TEP o Aang aqui Nanak he was
1Hts87qN36g-00052-00016327-00016521 arrested without a warrant of arrest and
1Hts87qN36g-00053-00016522-00016680 for almost two years he has been
1Hts87qN36g-00054-00016681-00017208 suffering in jail my son is innocent tul
1Hts87qN36g-00055-00017209-00017607 um GaN peony neo kami saw PA na la and
1Hts87qN36g-00056-00017608-00018060 GI n para saw ka ta ru ngan in aking MGA
1Hts87qN36g-00057-00018061-00018387 an acknowledged in Ramona at Ramon
1Hts87qN36g-00058-00018388-00018612 Joseph help us in prayers for justice
1Hts87qN36g-00059-00018613-00018819 for my children Ramzan Ramona and Ramona
1Hts87qN36g-00060-00018820-00019260 no civ former senator Ramon Revere
1Hts87qN36g-00061-00019261-00019794 senior Rancho Bacoor Cavite October 17
1Hts87qN36g-00062-00019795-00020036 2013
1Hts87qN36g-00063-00020037-00020694 Revere statue on his 90th birthday last
1Hts87qN36g-00064-00020695-00021015 March 8 2017 the statue of Ramon Revere
1Hts87qN36g-00065-00021016-00021219 senior was unveiled to the public the
1Hts87qN36g-00066-00021220-00021422 10-meter bronze statue was made by
1Hts87qN36g-00067-00021423-00021647 Filipino sculptor and national artist
1Hts87qN36g-00068-00021648-00021921 Eduardo castrillo it was unveiled at
1Hts87qN36g-00069-00021922-00022215 Revere's residents in Bacoor Cavite also
1Hts87qN36g-00070-00022216-00022488 during this event Revere as children
1Hts87qN36g-00071-00022489-00022719 gave him another surprise by officially
1Hts87qN36g-00072-00022720-00022944 opening that memo Revere a museum
1Hts87qN36g-00073-00022945-00023196 showcasing his old photographs and film
1Hts87qN36g-00074-00023197-00023436 memorabilia such as the anti manting
1Hts87qN36g-00075-00023437-00023736 amulet and panda sword the parrying
1Hts87qN36g-00076-00023737-00024072 agreement as star-studded birthday
1Hts87qN36g-00077-00024073-00024278 celebration was attended by the biggest
1Hts87qN36g-00078-00024279-00024474 names in philippine show business and
1Hts87qN36g-00079-00024475-00024789 politics alike former presidents joseph
1Hts87qN36g-00080-00024790-00024934 ejército Estrada and Gloria
1Hts87qN36g-00081-00024935-00025086 macapagal-arroyo
1Hts87qN36g-00082-00025087-00025266 were among the big personalities who
1Hts87qN36g-00083-00025267-00025908 came to the event education
1Hts87qN36g-00084-00025910-00026188 Ramon Revilla senior graduated in Far
1Hts87qN36g-00085-00026189-00026395 Eastern University wherein he finished
1Hts87qN36g-00086-00026395-00026814 his bachelor's degree in commerce
1Hts87qN36g-00087-00026814-00027426 film career in his initial entry to the
1Hts87qN36g-00088-00027427-00027521 film industry
1Hts87qN36g-00089-00027522-00027726 the young Ramon Revilla was cast only in
1Hts87qN36g-00090-00027727-00027918 bid roles which was not enough for him
1Hts87qN36g-00091-00027919-00028104 so he left the movies to become head of
1Hts87qN36g-00092-00028105-00028289 the secret service unit of the Bureau of
1Hts87qN36g-00093-00028291-00028796 customs in 1965 he returned to the film
1Hts87qN36g-00094-00028797-00029102 industry in 1972 with the movie Nardone
1Hts87qN36g-00095-00029103-00029367 Pootie kilowatt in Cavite which started
1Hts87qN36g-00096-00029368-00029564 his fame he also returned on his own
1Hts87qN36g-00097-00029566-00029621 terms
1Hts87qN36g-00098-00029622-00029835 creating his own film production Imus
1Hts87qN36g-00099-00029836-00030089 productions for him to star in together
1Hts87qN36g-00100-00030091-00030300 with partner a sous aina they ran the
1Hts87qN36g-00101-00030301-00030480 film outfit with revere writing and
1Hts87qN36g-00102-00030481-00030887 directing his films his characters in
1Hts87qN36g-00103-00030888-00031293 the film's having a gimmick and Nardone
1Hts87qN36g-00104-00031294-00031554 boutique gave him the image of being an
1Hts87qN36g-00105-00031555-00031745 invincible superhuman who had in his
1Hts87qN36g-00106-00031747-00031964 keeping a special an ting an ting amulet
1Hts87qN36g-00107-00031966-00032256 of superhuman powers this image of his
1Hts87qN36g-00108-00032257-00032460 is somewhat alive until now because as
1Hts87qN36g-00109-00032461-00032727 just recently abs-cbn adapted his four
1Hts87qN36g-00110-00032727-00032940 major films into television series
1Hts87qN36g-00111-00032941-00033237 entitled a demon egg mga alamat me Ramon
1Hts87qN36g-00112-00033238-00034071 Revere accolades in 1973 reveal one of
1Hts87qN36g-00113-00034072-00034356 famous best actor award for hula him
1Hts87qN36g-00114-00034357-00034640 seat Tia Gong acket together with his
1Hts87qN36g-00115-00034641-00034865 son Marlon Bautista for a famous best
1Hts87qN36g-00116-00034866-00035071 child actor award of the same movie
1Hts87qN36g-00117-00035072-00035373 Imus productions was also recognized as
1Hts87qN36g-00118-00035374-00035742 outstanding film production in 1975 the
1Hts87qN36g-00119-00035743-00035901 next year Revilla snagged the
1Hts87qN36g-00120-00035902-00036105 outstanding producer of the Year award
1Hts87qN36g-00121-00036106-00036435 in 1979 he was most outstanding actor
1Hts87qN36g-00122-00036436-00036735 and box-office King in 2011 in the 33rd
1Hts87qN36g-00123-00036736-00037032 catholic mass media awards night CM ma
1Hts87qN36g-00124-00037033-00037230 ramon Raviv senior was given the
1Hts87qN36g-00125-00037231-00037535 Lifetime Achievement Award
1Hts87qN36g-00126-00037536-00038177 politics in 1992 Revilla became a
1Hts87qN36g-00127-00038178-00038396 senator holding office until the end of
1Hts87qN36g-00128-00038397-00038868 his two terms in 2004 despite having a
1Hts87qN36g-00129-00038869-00039108 number of detractors senator ramon Raviv
1Hts87qN36g-00130-00039109-00039306 senior was able to mark his stay in the
1Hts87qN36g-00131-00039307-00039483 senate as the author of some important
1Hts87qN36g-00132-00039484-00039735 bills but the one he spearheaded that
1Hts87qN36g-00133-00039736-00039912 raised his popularity was the bill
1Hts87qN36g-00134-00039913-00040331 casually called the review bill
1Hts87qN36g-00135-00040332-00040577 an amendment to the family code law of
1Hts87qN36g-00136-00040578-00040787 the Philippines enacted into the law in
1Hts87qN36g-00137-00040788-00041102 February 2004 states the illegitimate
1Hts87qN36g-00138-00041103-00041342 children may use the surname of their
1Hts87qN36g-00139-00041343-00041552 father if their affiliation has been
1Hts87qN36g-00140-00041553-00041759 expressly recognized by the father
1Hts87qN36g-00141-00041760-00041966 through the record of birth appearing in
1Hts87qN36g-00142-00041967-00042203 the civil register or when an admission
1Hts87qN36g-00143-00042204-00042407 in a public document or private
1Hts87qN36g-00144-00042408-00042584 handwritten instrument is made by the
1Hts87qN36g-00145-00042585-00042879 father
1Hts87qN36g-00146-00042880-00043107 the child should not suffer the stigma
1Hts87qN36g-00147-00043108-00043401 of his illegitimate sea the Revere
1Hts87qN36g-00148-00043402-00043864 senior was once quoted as saying
1Hts87qN36g-00149-00043865-00044574 filmography references
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00000-00000008-00000142 aaron boone just said that he thought
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00001-00000143-00000335 you you threw the ball fairly
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00002-00000336-00000519 well today how do you evaluate the
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00003-00000520-00000678 outing
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00004-00000679-00000886 yeah uh i thought i threw the ball
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00005-00000888-00001007 pretty well like
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00006-00001008-00001191 like you said but you know they did a
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00007-00001192-00001335 good job of getting guys on base to
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00008-00001336-00001503 start innings i think it was kier meyer
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00009-00001504-00001607 that got it going twice
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00010-00001607-00001863 for him uh to lead off an inning and
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00011-00001864-00001910 then they
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00012-00001911-00002175 moved him over got him in um you know i
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00013-00002176-00002310 was able to limit the damage a little
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00014-00002311-00002471 bit but just the fact that you know
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00015-00002472-00002758 you get a runner on base with nobody out
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00016-00002759-00002871 you know it's
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00017-00002872-00003110 tough to put up a zero after that so
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00018-00003111-00003303 good job by them to to get someone on
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00019-00003304-00003463 move them over get them in
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00020-00003464-00003654 um you know i really would have loved to
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00021-00003655-00003854 have gotten us through that sixth inning
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00022-00003855-00003927 there but
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00023-00003928-00004247 it didn't happen so that's uh
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00024-00004248-00004447 probably the only real downside to me is
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00025-00004448-00004583 just wasn't able to give the bullpen a
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00026-00004584-00004735 little more length
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00027-00004736-00004935 how much pressure do you feel knowing
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00028-00004936-00005151 that the offense isn't producing
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00029-00005152-00005351 right now and and if you give up a run
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00030-00005352-00005454 you you may not
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00031-00005455-00005743 that might be it essentially yeah um i
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00032-00005744-00005831 don't know i mean
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00033-00005832-00005959 it'd be nice to go out there with a
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00034-00005960-00006167 10-run lead but um
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00035-00006168-00006295 you know in the big leagues these guys
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00036-00006296-00006495 are pitching us tough and it is
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00037-00006495-00006687 it is what it is i can't i can't control
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00038-00006688-00006927 it so yeah i mean it'd be nice to pitch
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00039-00006928-00007070 with the lead but at the same time
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00040-00007072-00007239 that's how it's going right now and it's
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00041-00007240-00007414 my job to go out there and put up zeros
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00042-00007415-00007470 and
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00043-00007472-00007639 yeah i put us in a little bit of a hole
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00044-00007640-00007798 there in the third so
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00045-00007800-00008070 um yeah i mean i'm confident we'll we'll
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00046-00008072-00008191 pull through but
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00047-00008192-00008431 you know right now with how it's going i
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00048-00008432-00008631 needed to to definitely put up a few
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00049-00008632-00008919 more zeros
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00050-00008920-00009351 dave lennon please unmute
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00051-00009352-00009567 jameson based on meadow's reaction he
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00052-00009568-00009735 certainly didn't think he got that
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00053-00009736-00010023 pitch um i know you're pitching here do
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00054-00010024-00010151 you just have a kind of a sinking
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00055-00010152-00010255 feeling in your gut
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00056-00010256-00010406 when you see a ball go out to right
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00057-00010407-00010623 field like that yeah i don't have too
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00058-00010624-00010663 much
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00059-00010664-00010887 experience still pitching here but i
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00060-00010888-00010999 thought there was a good chance that
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00061-00011000-00011119 ball was going to be caught somewhere
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00062-00011120-00011278 around the morning track but
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00063-00011279-00011414 you know i missed my spot that's not
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00064-00011415-00011535 where i wanted to throw the pitch to
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00065-00011536-00011614 meadows anyway
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00066-00011615-00011903 so i kind of had it coming i guess you
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00067-00011904-00012078 miss a spot across the plate on a on a
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00068-00012079-00012223 breaking ball to him that's
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00069-00012224-00012374 that's not good news he hits kind of
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00070-00012375-00012510 that like middle and middle down
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00071-00012511-00012614 breaking ball pretty well
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00072-00012615-00012886 so um you know i've watched meadows play
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00073-00012887-00013038 a good amount and i know he hits that
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00074-00013039-00013207 pitch well so
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00075-00013208-00013383 wish it would have stayed in the yard
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00076-00013384-00013527 but at the same time i guess that's what
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00077-00013528-00013758 i get for missing my spot
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00078-00013759-00013991 and also jameson but these with the rays
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00079-00013991-00014199 it seems like it is a grind pitching of
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00080-00014200-00014430 these guys because when guys get on base
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00081-00014431-00014647 you know they're always moving guys over
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00082-00014647-00014822 or you know when you have a guy on third
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00083-00014823-00014958 you're really bearing down
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00084-00014959-00015135 does it feel like that does it feel like
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00085-00015136-00015311 a grind kind of going through these guys
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00086-00015312-00015479 yeah they play a good hard team game i
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00087-00015480-00015647 mean they're not they're uh
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00088-00015647-00015799 they do a lot of things like really well
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00089-00015800-00015919 throughout the lineup i think they've
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00090-00015919-00016030 got a mix of speed
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00091-00016031-00016183 good mix of right-handed and left-handed
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00092-00016184-00016366 hitters mix of power
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00093-00016368-00016599 mix of contact mix of patience with some
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00094-00016600-00016743 aggressive guys so
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00095-00016744-00016886 they throw a bunch of different looks at
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00096-00016887-00017007 you and i think they're one of the few
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00097-00017008-00017167 teams in the league too that like
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00098-00017168-00017407 from at bat 2 at bat you'll find them
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00099-00017408-00017567 looking in different areas in the strike
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00100-00017568-00017735 zone or looking for different pitches
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00101-00017736-00017894 like they just adjust really well to
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00102-00017895-00017991 what you're doing and what your
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00103-00017992-00018086 strengths are that day
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00104-00018087-00018343 so um yeah it's it's a grind they're a
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00105-00018344-00018407 tough lineup
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00106-00018408-00018583 i think if i go out there with the stuff
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00107-00018584-00018735 i had today against a lot of other teams
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00108-00018736-00018886 i think the results would probably be a
1HKpO1-tz5Q-00109-00018887-00019184 good amount better
1J0kIpCmRLg-00000-00000023-00000377 Peru listen Spanish Peru pay you
1J0kIpCmRLg-00001-00000378-00000724 Quechua Peru república PW Aymara Peru su
1J0kIpCmRLg-00002-00000725-00000961 you PO officially the Republic of Peru
1J0kIpCmRLg-00003-00000963-00001265 Spanish Republic adult Peru is a country
1J0kIpCmRLg-00004-00001266-00001528 in western South America it is bordered
1J0kIpCmRLg-00005-00001529-00001754 in the north by Ecuador in Colombia in
1J0kIpCmRLg-00006-00001755-00001964 the east by Brazil in the southeast by
1J0kIpCmRLg-00007-00001964-00002183 Bolivia in the South by Chile and in the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00008-00002184-00002456 West by the Pacific Ocean Peru is an
1J0kIpCmRLg-00009-00002457-00002639 extremely bio diverse country with
1J0kIpCmRLg-00010-00002640-00002870 habitats ranging from the arid plains of
1J0kIpCmRLg-00011-00002871-00003062 the Pacific coastal region in the West
1J0kIpCmRLg-00012-00003063-00003235 to the peaks of the Andes Mountains
1J0kIpCmRLg-00013-00003236-00003431 vertically extending from the north to
1J0kIpCmRLg-00014-00003432-00003578 the southeast of the country to the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00015-00003579-00003818 tropical Amazon basin rainforest in the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00016-00003819-00004019 east with the Amazon River Peruvian
1J0kIpCmRLg-00017-00004020-00004217 territory was home to several ancient
1J0kIpCmRLg-00018-00004218-00004408 cultures ranging from the Norte Chico
1J0kIpCmRLg-00019-00004409-00004738 civilization in the 32nd century BC the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00020-00004739-00004954 oldest civilization in the Americas to
1J0kIpCmRLg-00021-00004955-00005147 the Inca Empire the largest and most
1J0kIpCmRLg-00022-00005148-00005368 sophisticated state in pre-columbian
1J0kIpCmRLg-00023-00005369-00005660 America the Spanish Empire conquered the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00024-00005661-00005849 region in the 16th century and
1J0kIpCmRLg-00025-00005850-00006013 established a Viceroyalty that
1J0kIpCmRLg-00026-00006014-00006206 encompassed most of its South American
1J0kIpCmRLg-00027-00006207-00006481 colonies with its capital in Lima Peru
1J0kIpCmRLg-00028-00006483-00006734 formally proclaimed independence in 1821
1J0kIpCmRLg-00029-00006734-00007001 and following the military campaigns of
1J0kIpCmRLg-00030-00007002-00007241 josé de San martín and Simone Bolivar
1J0kIpCmRLg-00031-00007242-00007453 and the decisive battle of AI acacho
1J0kIpCmRLg-00032-00007454-00007838 Peru secured independence in 1824 in the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00033-00007839-00008017 ensuing years the country enjoyed
1J0kIpCmRLg-00034-00008018-00008170 relative economic and political
1J0kIpCmRLg-00035-00008172-00008410 stability which ended shortly before the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00036-00008411-00008660 war of the Pacific with Chile throughout
1J0kIpCmRLg-00037-00008661-00008888 the 20th century Peru endured armed
1J0kIpCmRLg-00038-00008889-00009176 territorial disputes whose social unrest
1J0kIpCmRLg-00039-00009177-00009377 and internal conflicts as well as
1J0kIpCmRLg-00040-00009378-00009569 periods of stability and economic
1J0kIpCmRLg-00041-00009570-00009881 upswing Alberto Fujimori was elected to
1J0kIpCmRLg-00042-00009882-00010142 the presidency in 1990 his government
1J0kIpCmRLg-00043-00010143-00010277 was credited with economically
1J0kIpCmRLg-00044-00010278-00010523 stabilizing Peru and successfully ending
1J0kIpCmRLg-00045-00010524-00010712 the Shining Path insurgency though he
1J0kIpCmRLg-00046-00010713-00010877 was widely accused of human rights
1J0kIpCmRLg-00047-00010878-00011087 violations and suppression of political
1J0kIpCmRLg-00048-00011088-00011389 dissent fujimori left the presidency in
1J0kIpCmRLg-00049-00011390-00011603 2000 and was charged with human rights
1J0kIpCmRLg-00050-00011604-00011788 violations and imprisoned until his
1J0kIpCmRLg-00051-00011789-00011969 pardoned by President Pedro Pablo
1J0kIpCmRLg-00052-00011970-00012299 Kachinsky in 2017 even after the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00053-00012300-00012520 president's regime Fujimori's followers
1J0kIpCmRLg-00054-00012521-00012698 called Fujimori's t'as have caused
1J0kIpCmRLg-00055-00012699-00012902 political turmoil for any opposing
1J0kIpCmRLg-00056-00012903-00013121 faction in power even causing pedro
1J0kIpCmRLg-00057-00013122-00013352 pablo Kachinsky to resign in march
1J0kIpCmRLg-00058-00013353-00013672 18 the sovereign state of Peru as a
1J0kIpCmRLg-00059-00013674-00013883 representative Democratic Republic
1J0kIpCmRLg-00060-00013884-00014210 divided into 25 regions it is classified
1J0kIpCmRLg-00061-00014211-00014422 as an emerging market with a high level
1J0kIpCmRLg-00062-00014424-00014618 of human development and an upper middle
1J0kIpCmRLg-00063-00014619-00014813 income level with a poverty rate around
1J0kIpCmRLg-00064-00014813-00015101 19% it is one of the region's most
1J0kIpCmRLg-00065-00015102-00015296 prosperous economies with an average
1J0kIpCmRLg-00066-00015297-00015563 growth rate of 5.9 percent and it has
1J0kIpCmRLg-00067-00015563-00015755 one of the world's fastest industrial
1J0kIpCmRLg-00068-00015756-00015955 growth rates at an average of nine point
1J0kIpCmRLg-00069-00015956-00016271 six percent its main economic activities
1J0kIpCmRLg-00070-00016272-00016519 include mining manufacturing agriculture
1J0kIpCmRLg-00071-00016520-00016703 and fishing along with other growing
1J0kIpCmRLg-00072-00016704-00016919 sectors such as telecommunications and
1J0kIpCmRLg-00073-00016920-00017219 biotechnology the country forms part of
1J0kIpCmRLg-00074-00017220-00017417 the Pacific Pumas a political and
1J0kIpCmRLg-00075-00017418-00017606 economic grouping of countries along
1J0kIpCmRLg-00076-00017607-00017830 Latin America's Pacific coast that share
1J0kIpCmRLg-00077-00017831-00018068 common trends of positive growth stable
1J0kIpCmRLg-00078-00018069-00018280 macroeconomic foundations improved
1J0kIpCmRLg-00079-00018281-00018469 governance and an openness to global
1J0kIpCmRLg-00080-00018470-00018764 integration Peru ranks high in social
1J0kIpCmRLg-00081-00018765-00018914 freedom and it has the third lowest
1J0kIpCmRLg-00082-00018915-00019169 homicide rate in South America it is an
1J0kIpCmRLg-00083-00019170-00019297 active member of the asia-pacific
1J0kIpCmRLg-00084-00019298-00019559 Economic Cooperation the Pacific
1J0kIpCmRLg-00085-00019560-00019616 Alliance
1J0kIpCmRLg-00086-00019617-00019814 the trans-pacific partnership and the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00087-00019815-00019981 World Trade Organization and is
1J0kIpCmRLg-00088-00019982-00020194 considered as a middle power Peru has a
1J0kIpCmRLg-00089-00020195-00020435 multi-ethnic population of 32 million
1J0kIpCmRLg-00090-00020436-00020603 which includes Amerindians
1J0kIpCmRLg-00091-00020604-00020918 Europeans Africans and Asian's the main
1J0kIpCmRLg-00092-00020919-00021119 spoken language is Spanish although a
1J0kIpCmRLg-00093-00021120-00021319 significant number of Peruvians speak
1J0kIpCmRLg-00094-00021320-00021556 quechua aymara or other native languages
1J0kIpCmRLg-00095-00021557-00021847 this mixture of cultural traditions has
1J0kIpCmRLg-00096-00021848-00022013 resulted in a wide diversity of
1J0kIpCmRLg-00097-00022014-00022208 expressions in fields such as art
1J0kIpCmRLg-00098-00022209-00022915 cuisine literature and music
1J0kIpCmRLg-00099-00022916-00023451 topic etymology
1J0kIpCmRLg-00100-00023452-00023655 the name of the country may be derived
1J0kIpCmRLg-00101-00023656-00023895 from biryu the name of a local ruler who
1J0kIpCmRLg-00102-00023896-00024105 lived near the Bay of San Miguel Panama
1J0kIpCmRLg-00103-00024106-00024429 City in the early 16th century when his
1J0kIpCmRLg-00104-00024430-00024609 possessions were visited by Spanish
1J0kIpCmRLg-00105-00024610-00024852 explorers in 1522 they were the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00106-00024853-00025020 southernmost part of the new world yet
1J0kIpCmRLg-00107-00025021-00025137 known to Europeans
1J0kIpCmRLg-00108-00025138-00025437 thus when Francisco Pizarro explored the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00109-00025438-00025619 regions farther south they came to be
1J0kIpCmRLg-00110-00025620-00025883 designated biryu or Peru an alternative
1J0kIpCmRLg-00111-00025885-00026061 history is provided by the contemporary
1J0kIpCmRLg-00112-00026062-00026382 writer Inca Garcilaso de la Vega son of
1J0kIpCmRLg-00113-00026383-00026658 an Inca princess and a conquistador he
1J0kIpCmRLg-00114-00026658-00026862 said the name biryu was that of a common
1J0kIpCmRLg-00115-00026863-00027048 Indian happened upon by the crew of a
1J0kIpCmRLg-00116-00027049-00027249 ship on an exploratory mission for
1J0kIpCmRLg-00117-00027250-00027501 governor pedro arias Davila and went on
1J0kIpCmRLg-00118-00027502-00027642 to relate more instances of
1J0kIpCmRLg-00119-00027643-00027831 misunderstandings due to the lack of a
1J0kIpCmRLg-00120-00027832-00028035 common language the Spanish crown gave
1J0kIpCmRLg-00121-00028036-00028283 the name legal status with the 1529
1J0kIpCmRLg-00122-00028285-00028548 capitulation de Toledo which designated
1J0kIpCmRLg-00123-00028549-00028749 the newly encountered Inca Empire as the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00124-00028750-00029045 province of Peru under Spanish rule the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00125-00029047-00029223 country adopted the denomination
1J0kIpCmRLg-00126-00029224-00029427 Viceroyalty of Peru which became
1J0kIpCmRLg-00127-00029427-00030135 Republic of Peru after independence
1J0kIpCmRLg-00128-00030136-00030629 topic history
1J0kIpCmRLg-00129-00030630-00030969 you
1J0kIpCmRLg-00130-00030970-00031279 topic prehistory and pre-columbian
1J0kIpCmRLg-00131-00031280-00031651 period
1J0kIpCmRLg-00132-00031652-00031890 the earliest evidences of human presence
1J0kIpCmRLg-00133-00031891-00032110 in Peruvian territory have been dated to
1J0kIpCmRLg-00134-00032111-00032496 approximately 9,000 BC Andean societies
1J0kIpCmRLg-00135-00032497-00032689 were based on agriculture using
1J0kIpCmRLg-00136-00032689-00032857 techniques such as irrigation and
1J0kIpCmRLg-00137-00032858-00033082 terracing camelid husbandry and fishing
1J0kIpCmRLg-00138-00033083-00033373 were also important organization relied
1J0kIpCmRLg-00139-00033374-00033583 on reciprocity and redistribution
1J0kIpCmRLg-00140-00033584-00033787 because these societies had no notion of
1J0kIpCmRLg-00141-00033788-00034087 market or money the oldest-known complex
1J0kIpCmRLg-00142-00034088-00034296 society in Peru the Norte Chico
1J0kIpCmRLg-00143-00034297-00034512 civilization flourished along the coast
1J0kIpCmRLg-00144-00034513-00034773 of the Pacific Ocean between 3000 and
1J0kIpCmRLg-00145-00034774-00035130 1800 BC these early developments were
1J0kIpCmRLg-00146-00035131-00035346 followed by archaeological cultures that
1J0kIpCmRLg-00147-00035347-00035545 developed mostly around the coastal and
1J0kIpCmRLg-00148-00035546-00035790 Andean regions throughout Peru the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00149-00035791-00035946 Cuba's Niek culture which flourished
1J0kIpCmRLg-00150-00035947-00036243 from around 1,000 to 200 BC along what
1J0kIpCmRLg-00151-00036244-00036442 is now Peru specific coast was an
1J0kIpCmRLg-00152-00036443-00036762 example of early pre incan culture the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00153-00036763-00037027 Chavin culture that developed from 1500
1J0kIpCmRLg-00154-00037028-00037270 to 300 BC was probably more of a
1J0kIpCmRLg-00155-00037271-00037462 religious than a political phenomenon
1J0kIpCmRLg-00156-00037463-00037654 with their religious Center in chavin de
1J0kIpCmRLg-00157-00037655-00037927 huantar after the decline of the Chavin
1J0kIpCmRLg-00158-00037928-00038110 culture around the beginning of the 1st
1J0kIpCmRLg-00159-00038111-00038374 century AD a series of localized and
1J0kIpCmRLg-00160-00038375-00038599 specialized cultures rose and fell both
1J0kIpCmRLg-00161-00038600-00038779 on the coast and in the highlands during
1J0kIpCmRLg-00162-00038780-00039037 the next thousand years on the coast
1J0kIpCmRLg-00163-00039038-00039226 these included the civilizations of the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00164-00039227-00039454 Piratas Nazca War II and the more
1J0kIpCmRLg-00165-00039455-00039748 outstanding chimú and mo-chica the Moche
1J0kIpCmRLg-00166-00039749-00039910 qey who reached their apogee in the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00167-00039911-00040105 first millennium ad were renowned for
1J0kIpCmRLg-00168-00040106-00040312 their irrigation system which fertilized
1J0kIpCmRLg-00169-00040313-00040468 their arid terrain they're sophisticated
1J0kIpCmRLg-00170-00040469-00040726 ceramic pottery their lofty buildings
1J0kIpCmRLg-00171-00040727-00041005 and clever metalwork the chimú were the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00172-00041006-00041182 great city builders of pre inca
1J0kIpCmRLg-00173-00041183-00041410 civilization as loose confederation of
1J0kIpCmRLg-00174-00041411-00041580 cities scattered along the coast of
1J0kIpCmRLg-00175-00041581-00041785 northern Peru and southern Ecuador the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00176-00041786-00042090 chimú flourished from about 1140 to 1450
1J0kIpCmRLg-00177-00042091-00042376 their capital was at Chan Chan outside
1J0kIpCmRLg-00178-00042377-00042624 of modern-day Trujillo in the highlands
1J0kIpCmRLg-00179-00042625-00042826 both the tihuanaco culture near Lake
1J0kIpCmRLg-00180-00042827-00043062 Titicaca in both Peru and Bolivia and
1J0kIpCmRLg-00181-00043063-00043239 the wari culture near the present-day
1J0kIpCmRLg-00182-00043240-00043492 city of iya cacao developed large urban
1J0kIpCmRLg-00183-00043493-00043657 settlements and wide-ranging state
1J0kIpCmRLg-00184-00043658-00044062 systems between 500 and 1000 AD in the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00185-00044063-00044287 15th century the Incas emerged as a
1J0kIpCmRLg-00186-00044288-00044487 powerful state which in the span of a
1J0kIpCmRLg-00187-00044488-00044695 century formed the largest empire in
1J0kIpCmRLg-00188-00044696-00044895 pre-columbian America with their capital
1J0kIpCmRLg-00189-00044896-00045028 in Cusco
1J0kIpCmRLg-00190-00045029-00045214 the Incas of Cusco originally
1J0kIpCmRLg-00191-00045215-00045385 represented one of the small and
1J0kIpCmRLg-00192-00045386-00045565 relatively minor ethnic groups the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00193-00045566-00045853 Quechua s' gradually as early as the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00194-00045854-00046090 13th century they began to expand and
1J0kIpCmRLg-00195-00046091-00046318 incorporate their neighbors Inca
1J0kIpCmRLg-00196-00046319-00046495 expansion was slow until about the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00197-00046496-00046705 middle of the fifteenth century when the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00198-00046706-00046891 pace of conquest began to accelerate
1J0kIpCmRLg-00199-00046892-00047098 particularly under the rule of the great
1J0kIpCmRLg-00200-00047099-00047389 Emperor Pachacuti under his rule in that
1J0kIpCmRLg-00201-00047390-00047638 of his son Topa Inca upon ki the Incas
1J0kIpCmRLg-00202-00047639-00047803 came to control most of the Andean
1J0kIpCmRLg-00203-00047804-00047992 region with a population of nine to
1J0kIpCmRLg-00204-00047993-00048181 sixteen million inhabitants under their
1J0kIpCmRLg-00205-00048182-00048475 rule Pachacuti also promulgated a
1J0kIpCmRLg-00206-00048476-00048685 comprehensive code of laws to govern his
1J0kIpCmRLg-00207-00048686-00048913 far-flung Empire while consolidating his
1J0kIpCmRLg-00208-00048914-00049087 absolute temporal and spiritual
1J0kIpCmRLg-00209-00049088-00049267 authority as the god of the Sun who
1J0kIpCmRLg-00210-00049268-00049492 ruled from a magnificently rebuilt cusco
1J0kIpCmRLg-00211-00049493-00049921 from 1438 to 1533 the Incas used a
1J0kIpCmRLg-00212-00049922-00050134 variety of methods from conquest to
1J0kIpCmRLg-00213-00050135-00050329 peaceful assimilation to incorporate a
1J0kIpCmRLg-00214-00050330-00050563 large portion of Western South America
1J0kIpCmRLg-00215-00050564-00050752 centered on the Andean mountain ranges
1J0kIpCmRLg-00216-00050753-00050971 from southern Colombia to Chile between
1J0kIpCmRLg-00217-00050972-00051145 the Pacific Ocean in the West and the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00218-00051146-00051396 Amazon rainforest in the east the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00219-00051397-00051579 official language of the Empire was
1J0kIpCmRLg-00220-00051580-00051769 Quechua although hundreds of local
1J0kIpCmRLg-00221-00051770-00052039 languages and dialects were spoken the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00222-00052040-00052246 Inca referred to their empires to wanton
1J0kIpCmRLg-00223-00052247-00052495 suyu which can be translated as the four
1J0kIpCmRLg-00224-00052496-00052812 regions or the four united provinces
1J0kIpCmRLg-00225-00052813-00053152 many local forms of worship persisted in
1J0kIpCmRLg-00226-00053153-00053389 the Empire most of them concerning local
1J0kIpCmRLg-00227-00053390-00053641 sacred Waqas but the Inca leadership
1J0kIpCmRLg-00228-00053641-00053866 encouraged the worship of Indy the Sun
1J0kIpCmRLg-00229-00053866-00054088 God and imposed its sovereignty above
1J0kIpCmRLg-00230-00054089-00054298 other cults such as that of Pachamama
1J0kIpCmRLg-00231-00054299-00054630 the Incas considered their king the SATA
1J0kIpCmRLg-00232-00054632-00055357 Inca to be the child of the Sun
1J0kIpCmRLg-00233-00055358-00055979 topic conquest and colonial period
1J0kIpCmRLg-00234-00055980-00056267 odda who alba also a Dewalt at the last
1J0kIpCmRLg-00235-00056269-00056463 Sapa Inca became Emperor when he
1J0kIpCmRLg-00236-00056464-00056642 defeated and executed his older
1J0kIpCmRLg-00237-00056644-00056844 half-brother Huascar in a civil war
1J0kIpCmRLg-00238-00056845-00056988 sparked by the death of their father
1J0kIpCmRLg-00239-00056989-00057404 Inca huayna Capac in December 1530 to a
1J0kIpCmRLg-00240-00057405-00057605 party of conquistadors led by Francisco
1J0kIpCmRLg-00241-00057607-00057866 Pizarro defeated and captured the Inca
1J0kIpCmRLg-00242-00057867-00058041 Emperor Otto who Alfa in the Battle of
1J0kIpCmRLg-00243-00058041-00058329 cajamarca the Spanish conquest of the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00244-00058329-00058485 Inca Empire was one of the most
1J0kIpCmRLg-00245-00058486-00058667 important campaigns in the Spanish
1J0kIpCmRLg-00246-00058669-00058962 colonization of the Americas after years
1J0kIpCmRLg-00247-00058963-00059196 of preliminary exploration and military
1J0kIpCmRLg-00248-00059197-00059405 conflicts it was the first step in a
1J0kIpCmRLg-00249-00059407-00059582 long campaign that took decades of
1J0kIpCmRLg-00250-00059583-00059766 fighting but ended in Spanish victory
1J0kIpCmRLg-00251-00059766-00059973 and colonization of the region known as
1J0kIpCmRLg-00252-00059974-00060207 the Viceroyalty of Peru with its capital
1J0kIpCmRLg-00253-00060208-00060450 at Lima which became known as the city
1J0kIpCmRLg-00254-00060451-00060723 of Kings the conquest of the Inca Empire
1J0kIpCmRLg-00255-00060724-00060954 led to spin-off campaigns throughout the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00256-00060954-00061154 Viceroyalty as well as expeditions
1J0kIpCmRLg-00257-00061155-00061359 towards the Amazon basin as in the case
1J0kIpCmRLg-00258-00061360-00061566 of Spanish efforts to quell Amerindian
1J0kIpCmRLg-00259-00061566-00061863 resistance the last Inca resistance was
1J0kIpCmRLg-00260-00061864-00061991 suppressed when the Spaniards
1J0kIpCmRLg-00261-00061992-00062169 annihilated the Neo Inc estate in
1J0kIpCmRLg-00262-00062170-00062523 vilcabamba in 1570 to the indigenous
1J0kIpCmRLg-00263-00062524-00062766 population dramatically collapsed due to
1J0kIpCmRLg-00264-00062766-00063045 exploitation socio-economic change and
1J0kIpCmRLg-00265-00063046-00063225 epidemic diseases introduced by the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00266-00063226-00063525 Spanish Viceroy Francisco de Toledo
1J0kIpCmRLg-00267-00063526-00063759 reorganized the country in the 1570s
1J0kIpCmRLg-00268-00063760-00063990 with gold and silver mining as its main
1J0kIpCmRLg-00269-00063991-00064229 economic activity and Amerindian forced
1J0kIpCmRLg-00270-00064230-00064505 labor as its primary workforce with the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00271-00064507-00064710 discovery of the great silver and gold
1J0kIpCmRLg-00272-00064711-00064950 loads at potosi present-day Bolivia and
1J0kIpCmRLg-00273-00064951-00065180 Wonka velika the Viceroyalty flourished
1J0kIpCmRLg-00274-00065182-00065352 as an important provider of mineral
1J0kIpCmRLg-00275-00065353-00065646 resources peruvian bullion provided
1J0kIpCmRLg-00276-00065647-00065847 revenue for the spanish crown and fueled
1J0kIpCmRLg-00277-00065848-00066066 a complex trade network that extended as
1J0kIpCmRLg-00278-00066067-00066242 far as europe and the philippines
1J0kIpCmRLg-00279-00066243-00066473 because of lack of available workforce
1J0kIpCmRLg-00280-00066474-00066702 African slaves were added to the labor
1J0kIpCmRLg-00281-00066703-00066981 population the expansion of a colonial
1J0kIpCmRLg-00282-00066982-00067232 administrative apparatus and bureaucracy
1J0kIpCmRLg-00283-00067233-00067446 paralleled the economic reorganization
1J0kIpCmRLg-00284-00067447-00067689 with the conquest started the spread of
1J0kIpCmRLg-00285-00067690-00067893 Christianity in South America
1J0kIpCmRLg-00286-00067894-00068094 most people were forcefully converted to
1J0kIpCmRLg-00287-00068095-00068331 Catholicism taking only a generation to
1J0kIpCmRLg-00288-00068332-00068547 convert the population they built
1J0kIpCmRLg-00289-00068548-00068766 churches in every city and replaced some
1J0kIpCmRLg-00290-00068767-00068961 of the Inca temples with churches such
1J0kIpCmRLg-00291-00068962-00069169 as the core Ajanta in the city of Cusco
1J0kIpCmRLg-00292-00069170-00069376 the church employed the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00293-00069377-00069572 position making use of tortured to
1J0kIpCmRLg-00294-00069573-00069763 ensure that newly converted Catholics
1J0kIpCmRLg-00295-00069764-00069941 did not stray to other religions or
1J0kIpCmRLg-00296-00069942-00070265 beliefs Peruvian Catholicism follows the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00297-00070266-00070444 syncretism found in many Latin American
1J0kIpCmRLg-00298-00070445-00070679 countries in which religious native
1J0kIpCmRLg-00299-00070680-00070825 rituals have been integrated with
1J0kIpCmRLg-00300-00070826-00071096 Christian celebrations in this endeavor
1J0kIpCmRLg-00301-00071097-00071285 the church came to play an important
1J0kIpCmRLg-00302-00071286-00071473 role in the acculturation of the natives
1J0kIpCmRLg-00303-00071474-00071660 drawing them into the cultural orbit of
1J0kIpCmRLg-00304-00071661-00071956 the Spanish settlers by the 18th century
1J0kIpCmRLg-00305-00071957-00072193 declining silver production and economic
1J0kIpCmRLg-00306-00072194-00072448 diversification greatly diminished royal
1J0kIpCmRLg-00307-00072449-00072761 income in response the crown enacted the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00308-00072762-00072988 Bourbon reforms a series of edicts that
1J0kIpCmRLg-00309-00072989-00073172 increased taxes and partitioned the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00310-00073173-00073474 Viceroyalty the new laws provoked tupac
1J0kIpCmRLg-00311-00073475-00073529 amaru
1J0kIpCmRLg-00312-00073530-00073768 III's rebellion and other revolts all of
1J0kIpCmRLg-00313-00073769-00074017 which were suppressed as a result of
1J0kIpCmRLg-00314-00074018-00074210 these and other changes the Spaniards
1J0kIpCmRLg-00315-00074211-00074380 and their Creole successors came to
1J0kIpCmRLg-00316-00074381-00074567 monopolize control over the land
1J0kIpCmRLg-00317-00074568-00074767 seizing many of the best lands abandoned
1J0kIpCmRLg-00318-00074768-00074953 by the massive native depopulation
1J0kIpCmRLg-00319-00074954-00075223 however the Spanish did not resist the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00320-00075224-00075424 Portuguese expansion of Brazil across
1J0kIpCmRLg-00321-00075425-00075673 the meridian the Treaty of Tordesillas
1J0kIpCmRLg-00322-00075674-00075907 was rendered meaningless between 1580
1J0kIpCmRLg-00323-00075908-00076192 and 1640 while Spain controlled Portugal
1J0kIpCmRLg-00324-00076193-00076460 the need to ease communication and trade
1J0kIpCmRLg-00325-00076461-00076628 with Spain led to the split of the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00326-00076629-00076847 Viceroyalty and the creation of new vice
1J0kIpCmRLg-00327-00076848-00077068 royalties of New Granada and Rio de la
1J0kIpCmRLg-00328-00077069-00077293 Plata at the expense of the territories
1J0kIpCmRLg-00329-00077294-00077512 that formed the Viceroyalty of Peru this
1J0kIpCmRLg-00330-00077513-00077690 reduced the power prominence and
1J0kIpCmRLg-00331-00077691-00077875 importance of Lima as the vice royal
1J0kIpCmRLg-00332-00077876-00078092 capital and shifted the lucrative Andean
1J0kIpCmRLg-00333-00078093-00078331 trade to Buenos Aires in Bogota while
1J0kIpCmRLg-00334-00078332-00078491 the fall of the mining and textile
1J0kIpCmRLg-00335-00078492-00078679 production accelerated the progressive
1J0kIpCmRLg-00336-00078680-00078928 decay of the Viceroyalty of Peru
1J0kIpCmRLg-00337-00078929-00079144 eventually the Viceroyalty would
1J0kIpCmRLg-00338-00079145-00079322 dissolve as with much of the Spanish
1J0kIpCmRLg-00339-00079323-00079513 Empire when challenged by national
1J0kIpCmRLg-00340-00079514-00079681 independence movements at the beginning
1J0kIpCmRLg-00341-00079682-00079979 of the 19th century these movements led
1J0kIpCmRLg-00342-00079980-00080137 to the formation of the majority of
1J0kIpCmRLg-00343-00080138-00080360 modern-day countries of South America in
1J0kIpCmRLg-00344-00080361-00080549 the territories that at one point or
1J0kIpCmRLg-00345-00080550-00080731 another had constituted the Viceroyalty
1J0kIpCmRLg-00346-00080732-00081049 of Peru the conquest and colony brought
1J0kIpCmRLg-00347-00081050-00081248 a mix of cultures and ethnicities that
1J0kIpCmRLg-00348-00081249-00081416 did not exist before the Spanish
1J0kIpCmRLg-00349-00081417-00081667 conquered the Peruvian territory even
1J0kIpCmRLg-00350-00081668-00081854 though many of the Inca traditions were
1J0kIpCmRLg-00351-00081855-00082063 lost or diluted new customs traditions
1J0kIpCmRLg-00352-00082064-00082300 and knowledge were added creating a rich
1J0kIpCmRLg-00353-00082301-00082574 mixed Peruvian culture two of the most
1J0kIpCmRLg-00354-00082575-00082802 important indigenous rebellions against
1J0kIpCmRLg-00355-00082803-00082979 Spanish were that of Juan Santos
1J0kIpCmRLg-00356-00082980-00083189 Atahualpa in 1742
1J0kIpCmRLg-00357-00083190-00083498 and rebellion of tupac amaru - in 1780
1J0kIpCmRLg-00358-00083499-00084147 around the highlands near cusco
1J0kIpCmRLg-00359-00084148-00084660 topic independence
1J0kIpCmRLg-00360-00084661-00084926 in the early 19th century while most of
1J0kIpCmRLg-00361-00084927-00085119 South America was swept by Wars of
1J0kIpCmRLg-00362-00085120-00085323 Independence Peru remained a royalist
1J0kIpCmRLg-00363-00085324-00085593 stronghold as the elite vacillated
1J0kIpCmRLg-00364-00085594-00085818 between emancipation and loyalty to the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00365-00085819-00086022 Spanish monarchy independence was
1J0kIpCmRLg-00366-00086023-00086219 achieved only after the occupation by
1J0kIpCmRLg-00367-00086220-00086475 military campaigns of josé de San martín
1J0kIpCmRLg-00368-00086476-00086763 and Simone believe are the economic
1J0kIpCmRLg-00369-00086764-00086981 crises the loss of power of Spain in
1J0kIpCmRLg-00370-00086982-00087174 Europe the War of Independence in North
1J0kIpCmRLg-00371-00087175-00087360 America and native uprisings all
1J0kIpCmRLg-00372-00087361-00087567 contributed to a favorable climate to
1J0kIpCmRLg-00373-00087568-00087768 the development of emancipating ideas
1J0kIpCmRLg-00374-00087769-00087966 among the Criollo population in South
1J0kIpCmRLg-00375-00087967-00088293 America however the Criollo oligarchy in
1J0kIpCmRLg-00376-00088294-00088503 Peru enjoyed privileges and remained
1J0kIpCmRLg-00377-00088504-00088731 loyal to the Spanish crown the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00378-00088732-00088911 liberation movement started in Argentina
1J0kIpCmRLg-00379-00088912-00089169 where autonomous agendas were created as
1J0kIpCmRLg-00380-00089170-00089357 a result of the loss of authority of the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00381-00089358-00089555 Spanish government over its colonies
1J0kIpCmRLg-00382-00089556-00089831 after fighting for the independence of
1J0kIpCmRLg-00383-00089832-00090096 the Viceroyalty of Rio de la Plata Jose
1J0kIpCmRLg-00384-00090097-00090306 de San martín created the army of the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00385-00090307-00090540 Andes and crossed the Andes in 21 days
1J0kIpCmRLg-00386-00090541-00090735 one of the greatest accomplishments in
1J0kIpCmRLg-00387-00090736-00091038 military history once in Chile he joined
1J0kIpCmRLg-00388-00091039-00091226 forces with Chilean army general
1J0kIpCmRLg-00389-00091227-00091416 Bernardo O'Higgins and liberated the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00390-00091417-00091623 country in the battles of Chacabuco and
1J0kIpCmRLg-00391-00091624-00091986 maipu in 1818 on the 7th of September 18
1J0kIpCmRLg-00392-00091987-00092253 20 feet of eight warships arrived in the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00393-00092254-00092430 port of Paracas under the command of
1J0kIpCmRLg-00394-00092431-00092646 general Jose de san martin and Thomas
1J0kIpCmRLg-00395-00092647-00092823 Cochrane who was serving in the Chilean
1J0kIpCmRLg-00396-00092824-00093168 Navy immediately on the 26th of October
1J0kIpCmRLg-00397-00093169-00093368 they took control of the town of pisco
1J0kIpCmRLg-00398-00093369-00093672 San Martin settled in wacho on the 12th
1J0kIpCmRLg-00399-00093673-00093846 of November where he established his
1J0kIpCmRLg-00400-00093847-00094029 headquarters while cochrane sailed north
1J0kIpCmRLg-00401-00094030-00094236 blockading the port of Callao in lima at
1J0kIpCmRLg-00402-00094237-00094509 the same time in the north Guayaquil was
1J0kIpCmRLg-00403-00094510-00094706 occupied by rebel forces under the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00404-00094707-00094892 command of Gregorio Escobedo
1J0kIpCmRLg-00405-00094893-00095136 because Peru was the stronghold of the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00406-00095137-00095376 Spanish government in South America San
1J0kIpCmRLg-00407-00095377-00095601 Martin strategy to liberate Peru was to
1J0kIpCmRLg-00408-00095602-00095913 use diplomacy he sent representatives to
1J0kIpCmRLg-00409-00095914-00096123 Lima urging the Viceroy that Peru be
1J0kIpCmRLg-00410-00096124-00096303 granted independence however all
1J0kIpCmRLg-00411-00096304-00096621 negotiations proved unsuccessful the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00412-00096622-00096861 Viceroy of Peru Joaquin de la pezuela
1J0kIpCmRLg-00413-00096862-00097007 named jose de la Serna
1J0kIpCmRLg-00414-00097008-00097224 commander-in-chief of the loyalists army
1J0kIpCmRLg-00415-00097225-00097376 to protect Lima from the threatened
1J0kIpCmRLg-00416-00097377-00097665 invasion of San Martin on the 29th of
1J0kIpCmRLg-00417-00097666-00097905 January de la Serna organized a coup
1J0kIpCmRLg-00418-00097906-00098048 against Dilla pezuela
1J0kIpCmRLg-00419-00098049-00098252 was recognized by Spain and he was named
1J0kIpCmRLg-00420-00098253-00098525 Viceroy of Peru this internal power
1J0kIpCmRLg-00421-00098526-00098735 struggle contributed to the success of
1J0kIpCmRLg-00422-00098736-00099011 the liberating army in order to avoid a
1J0kIpCmRLg-00423-00099012-00099251 military confrontation san martin met
1J0kIpCmRLg-00424-00099252-00099482 the newly appointed Viceroy jose de la
1J0kIpCmRLg-00425-00099483-00099533 Serna
1J0kIpCmRLg-00426-00099534-00099737 and proposed to create a constitutional
1J0kIpCmRLg-00427-00099738-00099955 monarchy a proposal that was turned down
1J0kIpCmRLg-00428-00099956-00100241 de la Serna abandoned the city and on
1J0kIpCmRLg-00429-00100242-00100508 the 12th of July 18-21 San Martin
1J0kIpCmRLg-00430-00100509-00100721 occupied Lima and declared Peruvian
1J0kIpCmRLg-00431-00100722-00101017 independence on the 28th of July 18-21
1J0kIpCmRLg-00432-00101018-00101381 he created the first Peruvian flag Alto
1J0kIpCmRLg-00433-00101382-00101594 Peru Bolivia remained as a Spanish
1J0kIpCmRLg-00434-00101595-00101777 stronghold until the army of Simone
1J0kIpCmRLg-00435-00101778-00102001 Bolivar liberated it three years later
1J0kIpCmRLg-00436-00102002-00102239 jose de san martin was declared
1J0kIpCmRLg-00437-00102240-00102491 protector of peru peruvian national
1J0kIpCmRLg-00438-00102492-00102683 identity was forged during this period
1J0kIpCmRLg-00439-00102684-00102914 as Bolivarian projects for a Latin
1J0kIpCmRLg-00440-00102915-00103127 American Confederation floundered in a
1J0kIpCmRLg-00441-00103128-00103310 union with Bolivia proved ephemeral
1J0kIpCmRLg-00442-00103311-00103517 Simone Bolivar launched his campaign
1J0kIpCmRLg-00443-00103518-00103643 from the north liberating the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00444-00103644-00103821 Viceroyalty of New Granada in the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00445-00103822-00104042 battles of Kara Bobo in 1821 and
1J0kIpCmRLg-00446-00104043-00104387 pichincha a year later in July 1822
1J0kIpCmRLg-00447-00104388-00104627 Bolivar and San Martin gathered in the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00448-00104628-00104933 Guayaquil conference Bolivar was left in
1J0kIpCmRLg-00449-00104934-00105123 charge of fully liberating Peru while
1J0kIpCmRLg-00450-00105124-00105357 San Martin retired from politics after
1J0kIpCmRLg-00451-00105358-00105597 the first Parliament was assembled the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00452-00105598-00105800 newly founded Peruvian Congress named
1J0kIpCmRLg-00453-00105801-00106025 Bolivar dictator of Peru giving him the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00454-00106026-00106400 power to organize the military with the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00455-00106401-00106632 help of Antonio josé de Sucre they
1J0kIpCmRLg-00456-00106633-00106829 defeated the larger Spanish army in the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00457-00106830-00107048 Battle of Junin on the 6th of August
1J0kIpCmRLg-00458-00107049-00107346 1824 in the decisive battle of ayakashi
1J0kIpCmRLg-00459-00107347-00107504 Oh on the 9th of December of the same
1J0kIpCmRLg-00460-00107505-00107733 year consolidating the independence of
1J0kIpCmRLg-00461-00107733-00108059 Peru and Alto Peru Alto Peru was later
1J0kIpCmRLg-00462-00108060-00108302 established as Bolivia during the early
1J0kIpCmRLg-00463-00108303-00108507 years of the Republic endemic struggles
1J0kIpCmRLg-00464-00108508-00108686 for power between military leaders
1J0kIpCmRLg-00465-00108687-00109333 caused political instability
1J0kIpCmRLg-00466-00109333-00110032 topic nineteenth century from the 1840s
1J0kIpCmRLg-00467-00110033-00110304 to the 1860s Peru enjoyed a period of
1J0kIpCmRLg-00468-00110305-00110511 stability under the presidency of Ramon
1J0kIpCmRLg-00469-00110512-00110679 castella through increased state
1J0kIpCmRLg-00470-00110680-00110998 revenues from guano exports however by
1J0kIpCmRLg-00471-00110999-00111244 the 1870s these resources had been
1J0kIpCmRLg-00472-00111245-00111397 depleted the country was heavily
1J0kIpCmRLg-00473-00111398-00111598 indebted and political infighting was
1J0kIpCmRLg-00474-00111599-00111699 again on the rise
1J0kIpCmRLg-00475-00111700-00111954 Peru embarked on a railroad building
1J0kIpCmRLg-00476-00111955-00112173 program that helped but also bankrupted
1J0kIpCmRLg-00477-00112174-00112578 the country in 1879 Peru entered the war
1J0kIpCmRLg-00478-00112579-00112874 of the Pacific which lasted until 1884
1J0kIpCmRLg-00479-00112875-00113122 Bolivia invoked its alliance with Peru
1J0kIpCmRLg-00480-00113123-00113320 against Chile the Peruvian government
1J0kIpCmRLg-00481-00113321-00113562 tried to mediate the dispute by sending
1J0kIpCmRLg-00482-00113563-00113770 a diplomatic team to negotiate with the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00483-00113771-00113923 Chilean government but the committee
1J0kIpCmRLg-00484-00113924-00114198 concluded that war was inevitable Chile
1J0kIpCmRLg-00485-00114199-00114473 declared war on the 5th of April 1879
1J0kIpCmRLg-00486-00114474-00114741 almost 5 years of war ended with the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00487-00114742-00114951 loss of the Department of tarapacá and
1J0kIpCmRLg-00488-00114952-00115173 the provinces of tacna and Arica in the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00489-00115174-00115447 Atacama region two outstanding military
1J0kIpCmRLg-00490-00115448-00115618 leaders throughout the war were
1J0kIpCmRLg-00491-00115619-00115874 francisco bolognese and miguel Grau
1J0kIpCmRLg-00492-00115875-00116073 originally Chile committed to a
1J0kIpCmRLg-00493-00116074-00116259 referendum for the cities of Arica and
1J0kIpCmRLg-00494-00116260-00116490 tacna to be held years later in order to
1J0kIpCmRLg-00495-00116491-00116634 self determine their national
1J0kIpCmRLg-00496-00116635-00116925 affiliation however Chile refused to
1J0kIpCmRLg-00497-00116926-00117084 apply the treaty and neither of the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00498-00117085-00117232 countries could determine the statutory
1J0kIpCmRLg-00499-00117233-00117486 framework after the War of the Pacific
1J0kIpCmRLg-00500-00117487-00117729 an extraordinary effort of rebuilding
1J0kIpCmRLg-00501-00117730-00118008 began the government started to initiate
1J0kIpCmRLg-00502-00118009-00118195 a number of social and economic reforms
1J0kIpCmRLg-00503-00118196-00118410 in order to recover from the damage of
1J0kIpCmRLg-00504-00118411-00118696 the war political stability was achieved
1J0kIpCmRLg-00505-00118697-00119323 only in the early 1900s
1J0kIpCmRLg-00506-00119324-00119859 topic 20th century
1J0kIpCmRLg-00507-00119860-00120084 internal struggles after the war were
1J0kIpCmRLg-00508-00120085-00120295 followed by a period of stability under
1J0kIpCmRLg-00509-00120296-00120493 the civil ista party which lasted until
1J0kIpCmRLg-00510-00120494-00120724 the onset of the authoritarian regime of
1J0kIpCmRLg-00511-00120725-00120973 Augusto B Liguilla the Great Depression
1J0kIpCmRLg-00512-00120974-00121219 caused the downfall of Liguilla renewed
1J0kIpCmRLg-00513-00121220-00121428 political turmoil and the emergence of
1J0kIpCmRLg-00514-00121429-00121621 the American popular revolutionary
1J0kIpCmRLg-00515-00121622-00121906 alliance April the rivalry between this
1J0kIpCmRLg-00516-00121907-00122088 organization and a coalition of the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00517-00122089-00122310 elite in the military defined Peruvian
1J0kIpCmRLg-00518-00122311-00122511 politics for the following three decades
1J0kIpCmRLg-00519-00122513-00122886 a final peace treaty in 1929 signed
1J0kIpCmRLg-00520-00122888-00123087 between Peru and Chile called the Treaty
1J0kIpCmRLg-00521-00123088-00123381 of Lima returned tacna to Peru between
1J0kIpCmRLg-00522-00123382-00123750 1932 and 1933 Peru was engulfed in a
1J0kIpCmRLg-00523-00123751-00123927 year-long war with Colombia over a
1J0kIpCmRLg-00524-00123928-00124116 territorial dispute involving the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00525-00124117-00124300 Amazonas Department and its capital
1J0kIpCmRLg-00526-00124301-00124744 Leticia later in 1941 Peru became
1J0kIpCmRLg-00527-00124745-00124959 involved in the Ecuadorian Peruvian war
1J0kIpCmRLg-00528-00124960-00125170 after which the Rio Protocol sought to
1J0kIpCmRLg-00529-00125171-00125358 formalize the boundary between those two
1J0kIpCmRLg-00530-00125359-00125676 countries in a military coup on the 29th
1J0kIpCmRLg-00531-00125677-00126075 of October 1948 gen Manuel a Audria
1J0kIpCmRLg-00532-00126076-00126331 became president owed Ria's presidency
1J0kIpCmRLg-00533-00126332-00126564 was known as the AU Jennea momentarily
1J0kIpCmRLg-00534-00126565-00126786 pleasing the oligarchy and all others on
1J0kIpCmRLg-00535-00126788-00126982 the right but followed a populist course
1J0kIpCmRLg-00536-00126983-00127161 that won him great favour with the poor
1J0kIpCmRLg-00537-00127163-00127404 and lower classes a thriving economy
1J0kIpCmRLg-00538-00127405-00127650 allowed him to indulge in expensive but
1J0kIpCmRLg-00539-00127651-00127935 crowd-pleasing social policies at the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00540-00127936-00128136 same time however civil rights were
1J0kIpCmRLg-00541-00128138-00128328 severely restricted and corruption was
1J0kIpCmRLg-00542-00128329-00128472 rampant throughout his regime
1J0kIpCmRLg-00543-00128473-00128749 Audria was succeeded by Manuel Prado
1J0kIpCmRLg-00544-00128750-00129000 Eggar - however widespread allegations
1J0kIpCmRLg-00545-00129001-00129271 of fraud prompted the Peruvian military
1J0kIpCmRLg-00546-00129272-00129504 to depose Prado and install a military
1J0kIpCmRLg-00547-00129505-00129850 junta led by Ricardo Perez Godoy Godoy
1J0kIpCmRLg-00548-00129851-00130065 ran a short transitional government and
1J0kIpCmRLg-00549-00130066-00130338 held new elections in 1963 which were
1J0kIpCmRLg-00550-00130339-00130560 won by Fernando voluntary who assumed
1J0kIpCmRLg-00551-00130561-00130902 presidency until 1968 the lond was
1J0kIpCmRLg-00552-00130903-00131076 recognized for his commitment to the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00553-00131077-00131412 democratic process in 1968 the armed
1J0kIpCmRLg-00554-00131413-00131686 forces led by General 1 Velasco Alvarado
1J0kIpCmRLg-00555-00131687-00132000 staged a coup against blond Alvarado's
1J0kIpCmRLg-00556-00132001-00132220 regime undertook radical reforms aimed
1J0kIpCmRLg-00557-00132221-00132412 at fostering development but failed to
1J0kIpCmRLg-00558-00132413-00132799 gain widespread support in 1975 general
1J0kIpCmRLg-00559-00132800-00133041 francisco morales bermudez forcefully
1J0kIpCmRLg-00560-00133042-00133230 replaced Velasco paralyzed
1J0kIpCmRLg-00561-00133231-00133389 reforms and oversaw the re-establishment
1J0kIpCmRLg-00562-00133390-00133770 of democracy Peru engaged in a brief
1J0kIpCmRLg-00563-00133771-00133983 successful conflict with Ecuador in the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00564-00133984-00134217 pequea war as a result of territorial
1J0kIpCmRLg-00565-00134218-00134487 dispute between the two countries after
1J0kIpCmRLg-00566-00134488-00134634 the country experienced chronic
1J0kIpCmRLg-00567-00134635-00134892 inflation the Peruvian currency the song
1J0kIpCmRLg-00568-00134893-00135360 was replaced by the Indian mid-1987 ooh
1J0kIpCmRLg-00569-00135361-00135675 a voz all in July 1991 at which time the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00570-00135676-00135882 new Sol had a cumulative value of 1
1J0kIpCmRLg-00571-00135883-00136188 billion old souls the per capita annual
1J0kIpCmRLg-00572-00136189-00136488 income of Peruvians fell to 720 dollars
1J0kIpCmRLg-00573-00136489-00136809 below the level of 1960 and Peru's GDP
1J0kIpCmRLg-00574-00136810-00137025 dropped 20 percent at which national
1J0kIpCmRLg-00575-00137026-00137223 reserves were a negative 900 million
1J0kIpCmRLg-00576-00137224-00137508 dollars the economic turbulence of the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00577-00137509-00137718 time has sir baited social tensions in
1J0kIpCmRLg-00578-00137719-00137940 Peru and partly contributed to the rise
1J0kIpCmRLg-00579-00137941-00138138 of violent rebel rural insurgent
1J0kIpCmRLg-00580-00138139-00138375 movements like Sendero Luminoso Shining
1J0kIpCmRLg-00581-00138376-00138639 Path and M RTA which caused great havoc
1J0kIpCmRLg-00582-00138640-00138873 throughout the country concerned about
1J0kIpCmRLg-00583-00138874-00139071 the economy the increasing terrorist
1J0kIpCmRLg-00584-00139072-00139320 threat from Sendero Luminoso and M RTA
1J0kIpCmRLg-00585-00139321-00139524 and allegations of official corruption
1J0kIpCmRLg-00586-00139525-00139803 Alberto Fujimori assumed presidency in
1J0kIpCmRLg-00587-00139804-00140142 1990 Fujimori implemented drastic
1J0kIpCmRLg-00588-00140143-00140328 measures that caused inflation to drop
1J0kIpCmRLg-00589-00140329-00140757 from 7650 percent in 1992 one hundred
1J0kIpCmRLg-00590-00140758-00141087 thirty nine percent in 1991 faced with
1J0kIpCmRLg-00591-00141088-00141258 opposition to his reform efforts
1J0kIpCmRLg-00592-00141259-00141480 fujimori dissolved Congress in the auto
1J0kIpCmRLg-00593-00141481-00141885 golpe self coup of the 5th of april 1992
1J0kIpCmRLg-00594-00141886-00142164 he then revised the Constitution called
1J0kIpCmRLg-00595-00142165-00142329 new congressional elections and
1J0kIpCmRLg-00596-00142330-00142566 implemented substantial economic reform
1J0kIpCmRLg-00597-00142567-00142767 including privatization of numerous
1J0kIpCmRLg-00598-00142768-00142959 state-owned companies creation of an
1J0kIpCmRLg-00599-00142960-00143151 investment friendly climate and sound
1J0kIpCmRLg-00600-00143152-00143427 management of the economy Fujimori's
1J0kIpCmRLg-00601-00143428-00143643 administration was dogged by insurgent
1J0kIpCmRLg-00602-00143644-00143901 groups most notably the Sendero Luminoso
1J0kIpCmRLg-00603-00143902-00144075 who carried out terrorist campaigns
1J0kIpCmRLg-00604-00144076-00144291 across the country throughout the 1980s
1J0kIpCmRLg-00605-00144292-00144618 and 1990s fujimori cracked down on the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00606-00144619-00144822 insurgents and was successful in largely
1J0kIpCmRLg-00607-00144823-00145065 quelling them by the late 1990s but the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00608-00145066-00145245 fight was marred by atrocities committed
1J0kIpCmRLg-00609-00145246-00145503 by both the peruvian security forces and
1J0kIpCmRLg-00610-00145504-00145686 the insurgents the barrios Altos
1J0kIpCmRLg-00611-00145687-00145896 massacre and likened to de massacre by
1J0kIpCmRLg-00612-00145897-00146100 government paramilitary groups and the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00613-00146101-00146316 bombings of Terada and frecuencia latina
1J0kIpCmRLg-00614-00146317-00146491 by Sendero Luminoso
1J0kIpCmRLg-00615-00146492-00146722 those incidents subsequently came to
1J0kIpCmRLg-00616-00146723-00146920 symbolize the human rights violations
1J0kIpCmRLg-00617-00146921-00147135 committed in the last years of violence
1J0kIpCmRLg-00618-00147136-00147505 during early 1995 once again peru and
1J0kIpCmRLg-00619-00147506-00147688 ecuador clashed in the saint of the war
1J0kIpCmRLg-00620-00147689-00147916 but in 1998 the governments of both
1J0kIpCmRLg-00621-00147917-00148078 nations signed a peace treaty that
1J0kIpCmRLg-00622-00148079-00148276 clearly demarcated the international
1J0kIpCmRLg-00623-00148277-00148621 boundary between them in November 2004 G
1J0kIpCmRLg-00624-00148622-00148807 Mori resigned from office and went into
1J0kIpCmRLg-00625-00148808-00149014 a self-imposed exile avoiding
1J0kIpCmRLg-00626-00149015-00149182 prosecution for human rights violations
1J0kIpCmRLg-00627-00149183-00149407 and corruption charges by the new
1J0kIpCmRLg-00628-00149408-00149999 Peruvian authorities
1J0kIpCmRLg-00629-00150000-00150531 topic 21st century
1J0kIpCmRLg-00630-00150532-00150786 since the end of the Fujimori regime
1J0kIpCmRLg-00631-00150787-00150982 Peru has tried to fight corruption while
1J0kIpCmRLg-00632-00150983-00151254 sustaining economic growth in spite of
1J0kIpCmRLg-00633-00151255-00151461 human rights progress since the time of
1J0kIpCmRLg-00634-00151462-00151669 insurgency many problems are still
1J0kIpCmRLg-00635-00151670-00151824 visible and show the continued
1J0kIpCmRLg-00636-00151825-00152013 marginalization of those who suffered
1J0kIpCmRLg-00637-00152014-00152163 through the violence of the peruvian
1J0kIpCmRLg-00638-00152164-00152470 conflict a caretaker government presided
1J0kIpCmRLg-00639-00152471-00152690 over by valentin Paniagua took on the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00640-00152691-00152872 responsibility of conducting new
1J0kIpCmRLg-00641-00152873-00153123 presidential and congressional elections
1J0kIpCmRLg-00642-00153124-00153385 afterwards Alejandro Toledo became
1J0kIpCmRLg-00643-00153386-00153849 president in 2001 to 2006 on the 28th of
1J0kIpCmRLg-00644-00153850-00154168 July 2006 former president Alan Garcia
1J0kIpCmRLg-00645-00154169-00154369 became President of Peru after winning
1J0kIpCmRLg-00646-00154370-00154761 the 2006 elections in May 2008 Peru
1J0kIpCmRLg-00647-00154762-00154938 became a member of the Union of South
1J0kIpCmRLg-00648-00154939-00155308 American Nations in April 2009 former
1J0kIpCmRLg-00649-00155309-00155548 president Alberto Fujimori was convicted
1J0kIpCmRLg-00650-00155549-00155760 of human rights violations and sentenced
1J0kIpCmRLg-00651-00155761-00155968 to 25 years in prison for his role in
1J0kIpCmRLg-00652-00155969-00156165 killings and kidnappings by the group
1J0kIpCmRLg-00653-00156166-00156339 oculina death squad during his
1J0kIpCmRLg-00654-00156340-00156510 government's battle against leftist
1J0kIpCmRLg-00655-00156511-00156810 guerrillas in the 1990s on the 5th of
1J0kIpCmRLg-00656-00156811-00157081 June 2011 Ollanta Humala was elected
1J0kIpCmRLg-00657-00157082-00157357 president during his presidency Prime
1J0kIpCmRLg-00658-00157358-00157570 Minister Anna Hara and her cabinet were
1J0kIpCmRLg-00659-00157571-00157747 successfully censured which was the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00660-00157748-00157969 first time in 50 years that a cabinet
1J0kIpCmRLg-00661-00157970-00158112 had been forced to resign from the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00662-00158113-00158494 Peruvian legislature in 2016 pedro pablo
1J0kIpCmRLg-00663-00158495-00158676 Kachinsky was elected though his
1J0kIpCmRLg-00664-00158677-00158821 government was short-lived as he
1J0kIpCmRLg-00665-00158822-00159015 resigned in 2018 amid various
1J0kIpCmRLg-00666-00159016-00159160 controversies surrounding his
1J0kIpCmRLg-00667-00159161-00159441 administration vice president Martinez
1J0kIpCmRLg-00668-00159442-00159709 Cara then assumed office in March 2018
1J0kIpCmRLg-00669-00159710-00159907 with generally favorable approval
1J0kIpCmRLg-00670-00159908-00160460 ratings
1J0kIpCmRLg-00671-00160461-00161045 topic government and politics
1J0kIpCmRLg-00672-00161046-00161387 you
1J0kIpCmRLg-00673-00161388-00161864 topic government
1J0kIpCmRLg-00674-00161865-00162129 Peru is a unitary semi-presidential
1J0kIpCmRLg-00675-00162130-00162362 representative democratic republic with
1J0kIpCmRLg-00676-00162363-00162620 a multi-party system under the current
1J0kIpCmRLg-00677-00162621-00162833 constitution the president is both head
1J0kIpCmRLg-00678-00162834-00163013 of state and government he or she is
1J0kIpCmRLg-00679-00163014-00163211 elected for five years and cannot serve
1J0kIpCmRLg-00680-00163212-00163466 consecutive terms the president
1J0kIpCmRLg-00681-00163467-00163679 designates the Prime Minister and on his
1J0kIpCmRLg-00682-00163680-00163871 or her advice the rest of the Council of
1J0kIpCmRLg-00683-00163872-00164144 Ministers the Congress of the Republic
1J0kIpCmRLg-00684-00164145-00164417 is unicameral with 130 members elected
1J0kIpCmRLg-00685-00164418-00164666 for five-year terms bills may be
1J0kIpCmRLg-00686-00164667-00164873 proposed by either the executive or the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00687-00164874-00165068 legislative branch they become a law
1J0kIpCmRLg-00688-00165069-00165251 after being passed by Congress and
1J0kIpCmRLg-00689-00165252-00165476 promulgated by the president the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00690-00165477-00165713 judiciary is nominally independent the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00691-00165714-00165896 political intervention into judicial
1J0kIpCmRLg-00692-00165897-00166054 matters has been common throughout
1J0kIpCmRLg-00693-00166055-00166256 history and arguably continues in
1J0kIpCmRLg-00694-00166257-00166457 modern-day the Peruvian government is
1J0kIpCmRLg-00695-00166458-00166619 directly elected and voting is
1J0kIpCmRLg-00696-00166620-00166850 compulsory for all citizens aged 18 to
1J0kIpCmRLg-00697-00166851-00167156 70 Congress is currently composed of
1J0kIpCmRLg-00698-00167157-00167465 fuerza popular 59 seats Peru wando's por
1J0kIpCmRLg-00699-00167466-00167795 el cambio 17 seats frente Amplio 10
1J0kIpCmRLg-00700-00167796-00168116 seats new Peru 10 seats a leanza para el
1J0kIpCmRLg-00701-00168117-00168179 progreso
1J0kIpCmRLg-00702-00168180-00168521 9 seats accion popular 5 seats and April
1J0kIpCmRLg-00703-00168522-00169195 5 seats and 18 not grouped
1J0kIpCmRLg-00704-00169196-00169655 topic law
1J0kIpCmRLg-00705-00169656-00169853 the law of Peru includes the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00706-00169854-00170057 Constitution and a number of codes and
1J0kIpCmRLg-00707-00170058-00170593 decrees
1J0kIpCmRLg-00708-00170594-00171128 topic foreign relations
1J0kIpCmRLg-00709-00171129-00171344 Peruvian foreign relations have
1J0kIpCmRLg-00710-00171345-00171548 historically been dominated by border
1J0kIpCmRLg-00711-00171549-00171677 conflicts with neighboring countries
1J0kIpCmRLg-00712-00171678-00171896 most of which were settled during the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00713-00171897-00172232 20th century recently Peru disputed its
1J0kIpCmRLg-00714-00172233-00172394 maritime limits with Chile in the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00715-00172395-00172685 Pacific Ocean Peru is an active member
1J0kIpCmRLg-00716-00172686-00172883 of several regional bloc's and one of
1J0kIpCmRLg-00717-00172884-00173057 the founders of the Andean community of
1J0kIpCmRLg-00718-00173058-00173345 nations it is also a participant in
1J0kIpCmRLg-00719-00173346-00173558 international organizations such as the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00720-00173559-00173768 Organization of American States and the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00721-00173769-00174068 United Nations Javier Perez de Cuellar
1J0kIpCmRLg-00722-00174069-00174386 served as un secretary-general from 1981
1J0kIpCmRLg-00723-00174387-00174740 to 1991 former president Fujimori's
1J0kIpCmRLg-00724-00174741-00174947 tainted re-election to a third term in
1J0kIpCmRLg-00725-00174948-00175211 June 2000 strained Peru's relations with
1J0kIpCmRLg-00726-00175212-00175403 the United States and with many Latin
1J0kIpCmRLg-00727-00175404-00175604 American and European countries but
1J0kIpCmRLg-00728-00175605-00175808 relations improved with the installation
1J0kIpCmRLg-00729-00175809-00175973 of an interim government in November
1J0kIpCmRLg-00730-00175974-00176192 2000 and the inauguration of Alejandro
1J0kIpCmRLg-00731-00176193-00176501 Toledo in July 2001 after free and fair
1J0kIpCmRLg-00732-00176502-00176789 elections Peru is planning full
1J0kIpCmRLg-00733-00176790-00176990 integration into the Andean free trade
1J0kIpCmRLg-00734-00176991-00177245 area in addition Peru is a standing
1J0kIpCmRLg-00735-00177246-00177416 member of APEC in the World Trade
1J0kIpCmRLg-00736-00177417-00177581 Organization and as an active
1J0kIpCmRLg-00737-00177582-00177794 participant in negotiations toward a
1J0kIpCmRLg-00738-00177795-00178105 free trade area of the Americas FTA a
1J0kIpCmRLg-00739-00178106-00178346 during the crisis in Bolivarian
1J0kIpCmRLg-00740-00178347-00178598 Venezuela Peru participated in a leading
1J0kIpCmRLg-00741-00178599-00178793 role to help mediate the situation in
1J0kIpCmRLg-00742-00178794-00178973 Venezuela by being active within the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00743-00178974-00179520 Lima group
1J0kIpCmRLg-00744-00179521-00180133 topic military and law enforcement
1J0kIpCmRLg-00745-00180134-00180351 the Peruvian Armed Forces are the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00746-00180352-00180591 military services of Peru comprising
1J0kIpCmRLg-00747-00180592-00180774 independent Army Navy and Air Force
1J0kIpCmRLg-00748-00180775-00181077 components their primary mission is to
1J0kIpCmRLg-00749-00181078-00181254 safeguard the independence sovereignty
1J0kIpCmRLg-00750-00181255-00181476 and territorial integrity of the country
1J0kIpCmRLg-00751-00181477-00181798 as a secondary mission they participate
1J0kIpCmRLg-00752-00181799-00182008 in economic and social development as
1J0kIpCmRLg-00753-00182009-00182237 well as in civil defense tasks
1J0kIpCmRLg-00754-00182238-00182545 conscription was abolished in 1999 and
1J0kIpCmRLg-00755-00182546-00182775 replaced by voluntary military service
1J0kIpCmRLg-00756-00182776-00183051 the Armed Forces are subordinate to the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00757-00183052-00183249 Ministry of Defense and to the President
1J0kIpCmRLg-00758-00183250-00183525 as commander in chief the National
1J0kIpCmRLg-00759-00183526-00183757 Police of Peru is often classified as a
1J0kIpCmRLg-00760-00183758-00184014 part of the Armed Forces although in
1J0kIpCmRLg-00761-00184015-00184236 fact it has a different organization and
1J0kIpCmRLg-00762-00184237-00184435 a wholly civil mission its training and
1J0kIpCmRLg-00763-00184436-00184650 activities over more than two decades as
1J0kIpCmRLg-00764-00184651-00184834 an anti-terrorist force have produced
1J0kIpCmRLg-00765-00184835-00185076 markedly military characteristics giving
1J0kIpCmRLg-00766-00185077-00185248 it the appearance of a virtual 4th
1J0kIpCmRLg-00767-00185249-00185458 military service with significant land
1J0kIpCmRLg-00768-00185459-00185647 sea and air capabilities and
1J0kIpCmRLg-00769-00185648-00185985 approximately 140,000 personnel the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00770-00185986-00186198 Peruvian Armed Forces report through the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00771-00186199-00186397 Ministry of Defence while the National
1J0kIpCmRLg-00772-00186398-00186561 Police of Peru reports through the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00773-00186562-00187153 Ministry of Interior
1J0kIpCmRLg-00774-00187154-00187726 topic administrative divisions
1J0kIpCmRLg-00775-00187727-00188038 Peru is divided into 25 regions and the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00776-00188039-00188293 province of Lima each region has an
1J0kIpCmRLg-00777-00188294-00188458 elected government composed of a
1J0kIpCmRLg-00778-00188459-00188614 president and council that serve
1J0kIpCmRLg-00779-00188615-00188896 four-year terms these government's plan
1J0kIpCmRLg-00780-00188897-00189109 regional development execute public
1J0kIpCmRLg-00781-00189110-00189331 investment projects promote economic
1J0kIpCmRLg-00782-00189332-00189547 activities and manage public property
1J0kIpCmRLg-00783-00189548-00189823 the province of Lima is administered by
1J0kIpCmRLg-00784-00189824-00190039 a city council the goal of devolving
1J0kIpCmRLg-00785-00190040-00190188 power to regional and municipal
1J0kIpCmRLg-00786-00190189-00190396 governments was among others to improve
1J0kIpCmRLg-00787-00190397-00190744 popular participation NGOs played an
1J0kIpCmRLg-00788-00190745-00190912 important role in the decentralisation
1J0kIpCmRLg-00789-00190913-00191128 process and still influence local
1J0kIpCmRLg-00790-00191129-00191665 politics
1J0kIpCmRLg-00791-00191666-00192434 topic regions
1J0kIpCmRLg-00792-00192435-00192901 topic province
1J0kIpCmRLg-00793-00192902-00193403 Lima province
1J0kIpCmRLg-00794-00193404-00194015 topic metropolitan areas several
1J0kIpCmRLg-00795-00194016-00194255 metropolitan areas are defined for Peru
1J0kIpCmRLg-00796-00194256-00194483 these overlap the district areas and
1J0kIpCmRLg-00797-00194484-00194753 have limited Authority the largest of
1J0kIpCmRLg-00798-00194754-00194981 them the Lima metropolitan area is the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00799-00194982-00195158 seventh largest metropolis in the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00800-00195159-00195721 Americas
1J0kIpCmRLg-00801-00195722-00196248 topic geography
1J0kIpCmRLg-00802-00196249-00196470 Peru covers 1 million two hundred
1J0kIpCmRLg-00803-00196471-00196719 eighty-five thousand two hundred sixteen
1J0kIpCmRLg-00804-00196720-00196932 square kilometers four hundred ninety
1J0kIpCmRLg-00805-00196933-00197109 six thousand two hundred twenty-five
1J0kIpCmRLg-00806-00197110-00197448 square miles of western South America it
1J0kIpCmRLg-00807-00197449-00197655 borders Ecuador and Colombia to the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00808-00197656-00197874 north Brazil to the east Bolivia to the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00809-00197875-00198069 southeast Chile to the south and the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00810-00198070-00198333 Pacific Ocean to the west the Andes
1J0kIpCmRLg-00811-00198334-00198537 Mountains run parallel to the Pacific
1J0kIpCmRLg-00812-00198538-00198711 Ocean they define the three regions
1J0kIpCmRLg-00813-00198712-00198882 traditionally used to describe the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00814-00198883-00199194 country geographically the Casta coast
1J0kIpCmRLg-00815-00199195-00199443 to the west is an aeroplane largely arid
1J0kIpCmRLg-00816-00199444-00199662 except for valleys created by seasonal
1J0kIpCmRLg-00817-00199663-00199938 rivers the Sierra Highlands is the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00818-00199939-00200124 region of the Andes it includes the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00819-00200125-00200340 Altiplano plateau as well as the highest
1J0kIpCmRLg-00820-00200341-00200661 peak of the country the 6760 eight
1J0kIpCmRLg-00821-00200662-00200729 meters
1J0kIpCmRLg-00822-00200730-00201102 22200 five feet huascaran the third
1J0kIpCmRLg-00823-00201103-00201318 region as the Selva jungle I would
1J0kIpCmRLg-00824-00201319-00201564 expect a rain covered by the Amazon
1J0kIpCmRLg-00825-00201565-00201861 rainforest that extends east almost
1J0kIpCmRLg-00826-00201862-00202080 sixty percent of the country's area is
1J0kIpCmRLg-00827-00202081-00202413 located within this region most Peruvian
1J0kIpCmRLg-00828-00202414-00202581 rivers originate in the peaks of the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00829-00202582-00202802 Andes and drain into one of three basins
1J0kIpCmRLg-00830-00202803-00203013 those that drain toward the Pacific
1J0kIpCmRLg-00831-00203014-00203241 Ocean are steep and short flowing only
1J0kIpCmRLg-00832-00203242-00203544 intermittently tributaries of the Amazon
1J0kIpCmRLg-00833-00203545-00203751 River have a much larger flow and are
1J0kIpCmRLg-00834-00203752-00203937 longer and less steep once they exit the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00835-00203938-00204180 Sierra rivers that drain into Lake
1J0kIpCmRLg-00836-00204181-00204387 Titicaca are generally short and have a
1J0kIpCmRLg-00837-00204388-00204684 large flow Peru's longest rivers are the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00838-00204685-00204930 Ucayali the Marigny on the Putumayo the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00839-00204931-00205194 yavari the wallaga the Urubamba the mane
1J0kIpCmRLg-00840-00205194-00205416 taro and the amazon the largest lake in
1J0kIpCmRLg-00841-00205417-00205671 peru lake titicaca between Peru and
1J0kIpCmRLg-00842-00205671-00205890 Bolivia high in the Andes is also the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00843-00205891-00206166 largest of South America the largest
1J0kIpCmRLg-00844-00206167-00206409 reservoirs all in the coastal region of
1J0kIpCmRLg-00845-00206410-00206655 Peru are the poet Jose tena Jones san
1J0kIpCmRLg-00846-00206656-00207355 lorenzo and elf relay reservoirs
1J0kIpCmRLg-00847-00207356-00207823 topic climate
1J0kIpCmRLg-00848-00207825-00208063 the combination of tropical latitude
1J0kIpCmRLg-00849-00208064-00208312 mountain ranges topography variations
1J0kIpCmRLg-00850-00208313-00208523 and - ocean currents Humboldt and El
1J0kIpCmRLg-00851-00208523-00208748 Nino gives Peru a large diversity of
1J0kIpCmRLg-00852-00208748-00209048 climates the coastal region has moderate
1J0kIpCmRLg-00853-00209048-00209282 temperatures low precipitations and high
1J0kIpCmRLg-00854-00209283-00209483 humidity except for it's warmer wetter
1J0kIpCmRLg-00855-00209484-00209753 northern reaches in the mountain region
1J0kIpCmRLg-00856-00209754-00209921 rain is frequent in summer and
1J0kIpCmRLg-00857-00209921-00210116 temperature and humidity diminished with
1J0kIpCmRLg-00858-00210117-00210305 altitude up to the frozen peaks of the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00859-00210306-00210563 Andes the Peruvian Amazon is
1J0kIpCmRLg-00860-00210564-00210784 characterized by heavy rainfall and high
1J0kIpCmRLg-00861-00210785-00210980 temperatures except for its southernmost
1J0kIpCmRLg-00862-00210981-00211198 part which has cold winters and seasonal
1J0kIpCmRLg-00863-00211200-00211733 rainfall
1J0kIpCmRLg-00864-00211734-00212232 topic wildlife
1J0kIpCmRLg-00865-00212233-00212454 because of its varied geography and
1J0kIpCmRLg-00866-00212455-00212640 climate Peru has a high biodiversity
1J0kIpCmRLg-00867-00212641-00213069 with 21,000 462 species of plants and
1J0kIpCmRLg-00868-00213069-00213521 animals reported as of 2003 5855 of them
1J0kIpCmRLg-00869-00213523-00213684 endemic and is one of the mega-diverse
1J0kIpCmRLg-00870-00213685-00214146 countries Peru has over 1,800 species of
1J0kIpCmRLg-00871-00214146-00214479 birds 120 endemic and 500 species of
1J0kIpCmRLg-00872-00214480-00214739 mammals and over 300 species of reptiles
1J0kIpCmRLg-00873-00214740-00215007 the hundreds of mammals include rare
1J0kIpCmRLg-00874-00215008-00215214 species like the Puma Jaguar and
1J0kIpCmRLg-00875-00215215-00215448 spectacled bear the birds of Peru
1J0kIpCmRLg-00876-00215448-00215658 produced large amounts of guano an
1J0kIpCmRLg-00877-00215659-00215919 economically important export the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00878-00215919-00216135 Pacific holds large quantities of sea
1J0kIpCmRLg-00879-00216136-00216369 bass flounder and cho v's tuna
1J0kIpCmRLg-00880-00216369-00216591 crustaceans and shellfish and is home to
1J0kIpCmRLg-00881-00216592-00216852 many sharks sperm whales and whales Peru
1J0kIpCmRLg-00882-00216853-00217140 also has an equally diverse flora the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00883-00217141-00217346 coastal deserts produce little more than
1J0kIpCmRLg-00884-00217348-00217608 cacti apart from hilly fog oases and
1J0kIpCmRLg-00885-00217609-00217800 river valleys that contain unique plant
1J0kIpCmRLg-00886-00217801-00218064 life the highlands above the tree line
1J0kIpCmRLg-00887-00218065-00218325 known as Puna is home to bushes cactus
1J0kIpCmRLg-00888-00218326-00218538 drought resistant plants such as ichu
1J0kIpCmRLg-00889-00218539-00218775 and the largest species of bromeliad the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00890-00218776-00219087 spectacular Priya Raymond di the cloud
1J0kIpCmRLg-00891-00219088-00219306 forest slopes of the Andes sustain Moss
1J0kIpCmRLg-00892-00219307-00219555 orchids and bromeliads and the Amazon
1J0kIpCmRLg-00893-00219556-00219750 rainforest is known for its a variety of
1J0kIpCmRLg-00894-00219751-00220403 trees and canopy plants
1J0kIpCmRLg-00895-00220404-00220859 topic economy and infrastructure
1J0kIpCmRLg-00896-00220860-00221029 you
1J0kIpCmRLg-00897-00221030-00221338 the economy of Peru as the 48th largest
1J0kIpCmRLg-00898-00221339-00221551 in the world ranked by PPP and the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00899-00221552-00221716 income level is classified as
1J0kIpCmRLg-00900-00221717-00221989 upper-middle by the World Bank Peru is
1J0kIpCmRLg-00901-00221990-00222241 as of 2011 one of the world's fastest
1J0kIpCmRLg-00902-00222242-00222448 growing economies owing to the economic
1J0kIpCmRLg-00903-00222448-00222766 boom experienced during the 2000s it has
1J0kIpCmRLg-00904-00222767-00222967 an above-average Human Development Index
1J0kIpCmRLg-00905-00222967-00223237 of 0.7 4 which has seen steady
1J0kIpCmRLg-00906-00223238-00223517 improvement over the last 25 years
1J0kIpCmRLg-00907-00223519-00223721 historically the country's economic
1J0kIpCmRLg-00908-00223723-00223915 performance has been tied to exports
1J0kIpCmRLg-00909-00223916-00224161 which provide hard currency to finance
1J0kIpCmRLg-00910-00224162-00224352 imports and external debt payments
1J0kIpCmRLg-00911-00224353-00224554 although they have provided substantial
1J0kIpCmRLg-00912-00224555-00224833 revenue self-sustained growth and a more
1J0kIpCmRLg-00913-00224834-00225055 egalitarian distribution of income have
1J0kIpCmRLg-00914-00225056-00225396 proven elusive according to 2015 data
1J0kIpCmRLg-00915-00225396-00225691 19.3 percent of its total population is
1J0kIpCmRLg-00916-00225692-00225940 poor including 9% that lives in extreme
1J0kIpCmRLg-00917-00225941-00226300 poverty inflation in 2012 was the lowest
1J0kIpCmRLg-00918-00226301-00226612 in latin america at only 1.8% but
1J0kIpCmRLg-00919-00226613-00226876 increased in 2013 as oil and commodity
1J0kIpCmRLg-00920-00226877-00227262 prices rose as of 2014 it stands at 2.5%
1J0kIpCmRLg-00921-00227263-00227479 the unemployment rate has fallen
1J0kIpCmRLg-00922-00227480-00227740 steadily in recent years and as of 2012
1J0kIpCmRLg-00923-00227741-00228017 stands at 3.6 percent
1J0kIpCmRLg-00924-00228019-00228289 Peruvian economic policy has varied
1J0kIpCmRLg-00925-00228290-00228660 widely over the past decades the 1968 to
1J0kIpCmRLg-00926-00228661-00228982 1975 government of Juan Velasco Alvarado
1J0kIpCmRLg-00927-00228983-00229189 introduced radical reforms which
1J0kIpCmRLg-00928-00229190-00229360 included agrarian reform the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00929-00229361-00229579 expropriation of foreign companies the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00930-00229580-00229753 introduction of an economic planning
1J0kIpCmRLg-00931-00229754-00229909 system and the creation of a large
1J0kIpCmRLg-00932-00229910-00230196 state-owned sector these measures failed
1J0kIpCmRLg-00933-00230198-00230373 to achieve their objectives of income
1J0kIpCmRLg-00934-00230375-00230584 redistribution and the end of economic
1J0kIpCmRLg-00935-00230585-00230788 dependence on developed nations despite
1J0kIpCmRLg-00936-00230789-00230998 these results most reforms were not
1J0kIpCmRLg-00937-00230998-00231211 reversed until the 1990s when the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00938-00231212-00231382 liberalizing government of Alberto
1J0kIpCmRLg-00939-00231383-00231562 Fujimori ended price controls
1J0kIpCmRLg-00940-00231563-00231787 protectionism restrictions on foreign
1J0kIpCmRLg-00941-00231788-00231976 direct investment and most state
1J0kIpCmRLg-00942-00231977-00232231 ownership of companies reforms have
1J0kIpCmRLg-00943-00232232-00232390 permitted sustained economic growth
1J0kIpCmRLg-00944-00232391-00232717 since 1993 except for a slump after the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00945-00232717-00233044 1997 Asian financial crisis services
1J0kIpCmRLg-00946-00233044-00233305 account for 53 percent of Peruvian gross
1J0kIpCmRLg-00947-00233306-00233448 domestic product followed by
1J0kIpCmRLg-00948-00233450-00233791 manufacturing 22.3% extractive
1J0kIpCmRLg-00949-00233792-00234183 industries 15% in taxes 9.7%
1J0kIpCmRLg-00950-00234184-00234415 recent economic growth has
1J0kIpCmRLg-00951-00234416-00234582 fueled by macroeconomic stability
1J0kIpCmRLg-00952-00234583-00234834 improved terms of trade and rising
1J0kIpCmRLg-00953-00234835-00234984 investment in consumption
1J0kIpCmRLg-00954-00234985-00235221 trade is expected to increase further
1J0kIpCmRLg-00955-00235223-00235441 after the implementation of a free trade
1J0kIpCmRLg-00956-00235442-00235623 agreement with the United States signed
1J0kIpCmRLg-00957-00235625-00235969 on the 12th of April 2006 Peru's main
1J0kIpCmRLg-00958-00235969-00236266 exports are copper gold zinc textiles
1J0kIpCmRLg-00959-00236267-00236491 and fishmeal its major trade partners
1J0kIpCmRLg-00960-00236492-00236737 are the United States China Brazil and
1J0kIpCmRLg-00961-00236738-00237265 Chile
1J0kIpCmRLg-00962-00237266-00237880 topic water supply and sanitation
1J0kIpCmRLg-00963-00237881-00238147 the water and sanitation sector in Peru
1J0kIpCmRLg-00964-00238148-00238364 has made important advances in the last
1J0kIpCmRLg-00965-00238365-00238570 two decades including the increase of
1J0kIpCmRLg-00966-00238571-00238804 water coverage from 30 percent to 85
1J0kIpCmRLg-00967-00238805-00239224 percent between 1980 and 2010 sanitation
1J0kIpCmRLg-00968-00239225-00239473 coverage has also increased from 9% to
1J0kIpCmRLg-00969-00239474-00240033 37% from 1985 to 2010 in rural areas
1J0kIpCmRLg-00970-00240034-00240241 advances have also been achieved
1J0kIpCmRLg-00971-00240242-00240433 concerning the disinfection of drinking
1J0kIpCmRLg-00972-00240434-00240582 water and in sewage treatment
1J0kIpCmRLg-00973-00240583-00240890 nevertheless many challenges remain such
1J0kIpCmRLg-00974-00240891-00241279 as insufficient service coverage poor
1J0kIpCmRLg-00975-00241280-00241444 service quality which puts the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00976-00241445-00241750 populations health at risk deficient
1J0kIpCmRLg-00977-00241751-00242077 sustainability of built systems tariffs
1J0kIpCmRLg-00978-00242078-00242251 that do not cover the investment and
1J0kIpCmRLg-00979-00242252-00242438 operational costs as well as the
1J0kIpCmRLg-00980-00242439-00242738 maintenance of services institutional
1J0kIpCmRLg-00981-00242739-00243046 and financial weakness and excessive
1J0kIpCmRLg-00982-00243047-00243274 human resources poorly qualified and
1J0kIpCmRLg-00983-00243275-00243894 high staff turnover
1J0kIpCmRLg-00984-00243896-00244419 topic demographics
1J0kIpCmRLg-00985-00244421-00244760 you
1J0kIpCmRLg-00986-00244761-00245269 topic urbanization
1J0kIpCmRLg-00987-00245271-00245609 you
1J0kIpCmRLg-00988-00245610-00246131 topic ethnic groups
1J0kIpCmRLg-00989-00246132-00246401 Peru is a multi-ethnic nation formed by
1J0kIpCmRLg-00990-00246402-00246584 successive waves of different peoples
1J0kIpCmRLg-00991-00246585-00246721 over five centuries
1J0kIpCmRLg-00992-00246721-00247025 Amerindians inhabited Peruvian territory
1J0kIpCmRLg-00993-00247026-00247217 for several millennia before Spanish
1J0kIpCmRLg-00994-00247217-00247369 conquest in the sixteenth century
1J0kIpCmRLg-00995-00247371-00247655 according to historian noble David Cook
1J0kIpCmRLg-00996-00247656-00247832 their population decreased from nearly
1J0kIpCmRLg-00997-00247833-00248111 five to nine million in the 1520's to
1J0kIpCmRLg-00998-00248112-00248444 around 600,000 in 1620 mainly because of
1J0kIpCmRLg-00999-00248444-00248651 infectious diseases Spaniards and
1J0kIpCmRLg-01000-00248652-00248861 Africans arrived in large numbers under
1J0kIpCmRLg-01001-00248862-00249065 colonial rule mixing widely with each
1J0kIpCmRLg-01002-00249066-00249332 other and with indigenous peoples after
1J0kIpCmRLg-01003-00249333-00249494 independence there was gradual
1J0kIpCmRLg-01004-00249494-00249694 emigration from England France Germany
1J0kIpCmRLg-01005-00249696-00250048 Italy and Spain Peru freed its black
1J0kIpCmRLg-01006-00250050-00250352 slaves in 1854 Chinese and Japanese
1J0kIpCmRLg-01007-00250353-00250613 arrived in the 1850s as laborers
1J0kIpCmRLg-01008-00250614-00250798 following the end of slavery and have
1J0kIpCmRLg-01009-00250800-00250969 since become a major influence in
1J0kIpCmRLg-01010-00250971-00251177 Peruvian society forming the largest
1J0kIpCmRLg-01011-00251178-00251408 population of Asians in Latin America
1J0kIpCmRLg-01012-00251409-00251964 after Brazil
1J0kIpCmRLg-01013-00251965-00252467 topic population
1J0kIpCmRLg-01014-00252469-00252738 with about 30 1.5 million inhabitants
1J0kIpCmRLg-01015-00252739-00253004 Peru is the fourth most populous country
1J0kIpCmRLg-01016-00253005-00253101 in South America
1J0kIpCmRLg-01017-00253102-00253350 the demographic growth rate of Peru
1J0kIpCmRLg-01018-00253351-00253665 declined from 2.6 percent to 1.6 percent
1J0kIpCmRLg-01019-00253666-00253941 between 1950 and 2000 with the
1J0kIpCmRLg-01020-00253942-00254117 population being expected to reach
1J0kIpCmRLg-01021-00254119-00254402 approximately 42 million in 2050
1J0kIpCmRLg-01022-00254403-00254712 according to the 1940 peruvian census
1J0kIpCmRLg-01023-00254713-00254957 Peru had a population at the time of 7
1J0kIpCmRLg-01024-00254958-00255246 million residents as of 2007 seventy
1J0kIpCmRLg-01025-00255246-00255431 five point nine percent lived in urban
1J0kIpCmRLg-01026-00255432-00255635 areas and twenty four point one percent
1J0kIpCmRLg-01027-00255636-00255966 in rural areas major cities include the
1J0kIpCmRLg-01028-00255967-00256263 Lima metropolitan area home to over 9.8
1J0kIpCmRLg-01029-00256264-00256478 million people arequipa trujillo
1J0kIpCmRLg-01030-00256479-00256859 chiclayo pura Iquitos cusco Chimbote and
1J0kIpCmRLg-01031-00256860-00257180 1ko all reported more than 250,000
1J0kIpCmRLg-01032-00257181-00257517 inhabitants in the 2007 census there are
1J0kIpCmRLg-01033-00257517-00258260 15 uncontacted Amerindian tribes in Peru
1J0kIpCmRLg-01034-00258261-00258735 topic language
1J0kIpCmRLg-01035-00258736-00258991 according to the Peruvian constitution
1J0kIpCmRLg-01036-00258992-00259264 of 1993 Peru's official languages are
1J0kIpCmRLg-01037-00259265-00259489 Spanish in quechua aymara and other
1J0kIpCmRLg-01038-00259490-00259701 indigenous languages in areas where they
1J0kIpCmRLg-01039-00259702-00259784 predominate
1J0kIpCmRLg-01040-00259785-00260046 Spanish is spoken by eighty four point
1J0kIpCmRLg-01041-00260048-00260229 one percent of the population and
1J0kIpCmRLg-01042-00260230-00260488 Quechua by 13 percent Aymara by one
1J0kIpCmRLg-01043-00260489-00260649 point seven percent while other
1J0kIpCmRLg-01044-00260650-00260883 languages make up the remaining 1.2
1J0kIpCmRLg-01045-00260884-00260941 percent
1J0kIpCmRLg-01046-00260942-00261142 Spanish is used by the government and as
1J0kIpCmRLg-01047-00261142-00261294 the mainstream language of the country
1J0kIpCmRLg-01048-00261296-00261487 which is used by the media and in
1J0kIpCmRLg-01049-00261488-00261687 educational systems and commerce
1J0kIpCmRLg-01050-00261688-00261916 Amerindians who live in the Andean
1J0kIpCmRLg-01051-00261917-00262125 Highlands speak Quechua and Aymara and
1J0kIpCmRLg-01052-00262126-00262315 are ethnically distinct from the diverse
1J0kIpCmRLg-01053-00262316-00262473 indigenous groups who live on the
1J0kIpCmRLg-01054-00262474-00262645 eastern side of the Andes and in the
1J0kIpCmRLg-01055-00262646-00262867 tropical lowlands adjacent to the Amazon
1J0kIpCmRLg-01056-00262868-00263146 basin Peru's distinct geographical
1J0kIpCmRLg-01057-00263147-00263298 regions are mirrored in a language
1J0kIpCmRLg-01058-00263299-00263505 divided between the coasts where Spanish
1J0kIpCmRLg-01059-00263506-00263703 is more predominant over the Amerindian
1J0kIpCmRLg-01060-00263704-00263829 languages and the more diverse
1J0kIpCmRLg-01061-00263830-00264030 traditional Andean cultures of the
1J0kIpCmRLg-01062-00264031-00264252 mountains and Highlands the indigenous
1J0kIpCmRLg-01063-00264253-00264474 populations east of the Andes speak
1J0kIpCmRLg-01064-00264475-00264774 various languages and dialects some of
1J0kIpCmRLg-01065-00264775-00264967 these groups still adhere to traditional
1J0kIpCmRLg-01066-00264968-00265165 indigenous languages while others have
1J0kIpCmRLg-01067-00265166-00265356 been almost completely assimilated into
1J0kIpCmRLg-01068-00265357-00265602 the Spanish language there has been an
1J0kIpCmRLg-01069-00265603-00265803 increasing and organized effort to teach
1J0kIpCmRLg-01070-00265804-00266020 Quechua in public schools in the areas
1J0kIpCmRLg-01071-00266021-00266296 where Quechua is spoken in the Peruvian
1J0kIpCmRLg-01072-00266297-00266539 Amazon numerous indigenous languages are
1J0kIpCmRLg-01073-00266540-00266802 spoken including Ashaninka Bora and agua
1J0kIpCmRLg-01074-00266803-00267307 Runa
1J0kIpCmRLg-01075-00267308-00267964 topic religion Roman Catholicism has
1J0kIpCmRLg-01076-00267965-00268135 been the predominant faith in Peru for
1J0kIpCmRLg-01077-00268136-00268342 centuries albeit with a high degree of
1J0kIpCmRLg-01078-00268343-00268618 syncretism with indigenous traditions as
1J0kIpCmRLg-01079-00268619-00268960 of the 2017 census 76 percent of the
1J0kIpCmRLg-01080-00268961-00269194 population over 12 years old described
1J0kIpCmRLg-01081-00269195-00269494 themselves as Catholic 14.1% as
1J0kIpCmRLg-01082-00269495-00269821 evangelical 4.8% as Protestant Jewish
1J0kIpCmRLg-01083-00269822-00270118 Mormon and Jehovah's Witness and 5.1
1J0kIpCmRLg-01084-00270119-00270328 percent as non-religious Amerindian
1J0kIpCmRLg-01085-00270329-00270517 religious traditions continue to play a
1J0kIpCmRLg-01086-00270518-00270744 major role in the beliefs of Peruvians
1J0kIpCmRLg-01087-00270745-00271027 Catholic festivities like Corpus Christi
1J0kIpCmRLg-01088-00271028-00271249 Holy Week and Christmas sometimes blend
1J0kIpCmRLg-01089-00271250-00271522 with Amerindian traditions Amerindian
1J0kIpCmRLg-01090-00271523-00271732 festivities from pre-columbian remained
1J0kIpCmRLg-01091-00271733-00271978 widespread in dear Amy an ancient Inca
1J0kIpCmRLg-01092-00271979-00272227 festival is still celebrated especially
1J0kIpCmRLg-01093-00272228-00272346 in rural communities
1J0kIpCmRLg-01094-00272347-00272614 the majority of towns cities and
1J0kIpCmRLg-01095-00272615-00272821 villages have their own official church
1J0kIpCmRLg-01096-00272822-00273464 or Cathedral and patron saint
1J0kIpCmRLg-01097-00273465-00273957 topic education
1J0kIpCmRLg-01098-00273958-00274229 peruse literacy rate is estimated at
1J0kIpCmRLg-01099-00274230-00274644 92.9% as of 2007 this rate is lower in
1J0kIpCmRLg-01100-00274645-00274830 rural areas eighty point three percent
1J0kIpCmRLg-01101-00274831-00275274 than in urban areas 96.3% primary and
1J0kIpCmRLg-01102-00275275-00275491 secondary education are compulsory and
1J0kIpCmRLg-01103-00275492-00276084 free in public schools
1J0kIpCmRLg-01104-00276085-00276532 topic health
1J0kIpCmRLg-01105-00276533-00276874 Peru has a life expectancy of 75 point
1J0kIpCmRLg-01106-00276875-00277081 Oh years seventy two point four for
1J0kIpCmRLg-01107-00277082-00277297 males and seventy seven point seven for
1J0kIpCmRLg-01108-00277298-00277504 females according to the latest data for
1J0kIpCmRLg-01109-00277505-00278218 the year 2016 from the World Bank
1J0kIpCmRLg-01110-00278219-00278728 topic toponyms
1J0kIpCmRLg-01111-00278729-00278947 many of the Peruvian toponyms have
1J0kIpCmRLg-01112-00278948-00279160 indigenous sources in the Andes
1J0kIpCmRLg-01113-00279161-00279373 communities of ink OSH cusco and puno
1J0kIpCmRLg-01114-00279374-00279451 Quechua
1J0kIpCmRLg-01115-00279452-00279613 or Aymara names are overwhelmingly
1J0kIpCmRLg-01116-00279614-00279850 predominant their Spanish based
1J0kIpCmRLg-01117-00279851-00280084 orthography however is in conflict with
1J0kIpCmRLg-01118-00280085-00280240 the normalized alphabets of these
1J0kIpCmRLg-01119-00280241-00280525 languages according to article 20 of
1J0kIpCmRLg-01120-00280526-00280864 decreto supremo know-oh-oh for 201 6
1J0kIpCmRLg-01121-00280865-00281092 make supreme decree which approves the
1J0kIpCmRLg-01122-00281093-00281500 regulations to lot 29,000 735 published
1J0kIpCmRLg-01123-00281501-00281719 in the official newspaper el peru Ando
1J0kIpCmRLg-01124-00281720-00281987 on the 22nd of July 2016
1J0kIpCmRLg-01125-00281988-00282178 adequate spellings of the toponyms in
1J0kIpCmRLg-01126-00282179-00282328 the normalized alphabets of the
1J0kIpCmRLg-01127-00282329-00282538 indigenous languages must progressively
1J0kIpCmRLg-01128-00282539-00282662 be proposed with the aim of
1J0kIpCmRLg-01129-00282663-00282853 standardizing the namings used by the
1J0kIpCmRLg-01130-00282854-00283114 National Geographic Institute instituto
1J0kIpCmRLg-01131-00283115-00283420 geographic own a co now IGN the National
1J0kIpCmRLg-01132-00283421-00283618 Geographic Institute realizes the
1J0kIpCmRLg-01133-00283619-00283810 necessary changes in the official maps
1J0kIpCmRLg-01134-00283811-00284377 of Peru
1J0kIpCmRLg-01135-00284378-00284885 topic culture
1J0kIpCmRLg-01136-00284886-00285158 Peruvian culture is primarily rooted in
1J0kIpCmRLg-01137-00285159-00285371 Amerindian and Spanish traditions though
1J0kIpCmRLg-01138-00285372-00285530 it has also been influenced by various
1J0kIpCmRLg-01139-00285531-00285797 Asian African and other European ethnic
1J0kIpCmRLg-01140-00285798-00286113 groups Peruvian artistic traditions date
1J0kIpCmRLg-01141-00286114-00286344 back to the elaborate pottery textiles
1J0kIpCmRLg-01142-00286345-00286553 jewelry and sculpture of pre-inca
1J0kIpCmRLg-01143-00286554-00286794 cultures the Incas maintained these
1J0kIpCmRLg-01144-00286795-00286968 crafts and made architectural
1J0kIpCmRLg-01145-00286969-00287142 achievements including the construction
1J0kIpCmRLg-01146-00287143-00287418 of Machu Picchu baroque dominated
1J0kIpCmRLg-01147-00287419-00287621 colonial art though modified by native
1J0kIpCmRLg-01148-00287622-00287838 traditions during this period most art
1J0kIpCmRLg-01149-00287839-00288029 focused on religious subjects the
1J0kIpCmRLg-01150-00288030-00288195 numerous churches of the era and the
1J0kIpCmRLg-01151-00288196-00288353 paintings of the Cusco school are
1J0kIpCmRLg-01152-00288354-00288615 representative arts stagnated after
1J0kIpCmRLg-01153-00288616-00288792 independence until the emergence of
1J0kIpCmRLg-01154-00288793-00289040 indigenous MO in the early 20th century
1J0kIpCmRLg-01155-00289041-00289365 since the 1950s Peruvian art has been
1J0kIpCmRLg-01156-00289366-00289574 eclectic and shaped by both foreign and
1J0kIpCmRLg-01157-00289575-00290161 local art currents
1J0kIpCmRLg-01158-00290162-00290646 topic literature
1J0kIpCmRLg-01159-00290647-00290872 Peruvian literature is rooted in the
1J0kIpCmRLg-01160-00290873-00291042 oral traditions of pre-columbian
1J0kIpCmRLg-01161-00291043-00291330 civilizations Spaniards introduced
1J0kIpCmRLg-01162-00291331-00291544 writing in the 16th century colonial
1J0kIpCmRLg-01163-00291545-00291793 literary expression included chronicles
1J0kIpCmRLg-01164-00291794-00292024 and religious literature after
1J0kIpCmRLg-01165-00292025-00292206 independence costume prism and
1J0kIpCmRLg-01166-00292207-00292383 romanticism became the most common
1J0kIpCmRLg-01167-00292384-00292632 literary genres as exemplified in the
1J0kIpCmRLg-01168-00292633-00292929 works of Ricardo Palma the early 20th
1J0kIpCmRLg-01169-00292930-00293122 century's indigenized mo movement was
1J0kIpCmRLg-01170-00293123-00293365 led by such writers as Charo Alegria and
1J0kIpCmRLg-01171-00293366-00293706 Jose Maria R Gladys Cesare Vallejo wrote
1J0kIpCmRLg-01172-00293707-00293896 modernist and often politically engaged
1J0kIpCmRLg-01173-00293897-00294175 verse modern Peruvian literature has
1J0kIpCmRLg-01174-00294176-00294360 recognized thanks to authors such as
1J0kIpCmRLg-01175-00294361-00294595 Nobel laureate Mario Vargas Llosa
1J0kIpCmRLg-01176-00294596-00294745 a leading member of the Latin American
1J0kIpCmRLg-01177-00294746-00295290 boom
1J0kIpCmRLg-01178-00295291-00295771 topic cuisine
1J0kIpCmRLg-01179-00295772-00296035 Peruvian cuisine blends Amerindian and
1J0kIpCmRLg-01180-00296036-00296260 Spanish food with strong influences from
1J0kIpCmRLg-01181-00296261-00296518 Chinese African Arab Italian and
1J0kIpCmRLg-01182-00296519-00296809 Japanese cooking common dishes include
1J0kIpCmRLg-01183-00296810-00297133 anticuchos ceviche and pachamanca Peru's
1J0kIpCmRLg-01184-00297134-00297322 varied climate allows the growth of
1J0kIpCmRLg-01185-00297323-00297511 diverse plants and animals good for
1J0kIpCmRLg-01186-00297512-00297799 cooking Peru's diversity of ingredients
1J0kIpCmRLg-01187-00297800-00297967 and cooking techniques is receiving
1J0kIpCmRLg-01188-00297968-00298508 worldwide acclaim
1J0kIpCmRLg-01189-00298509-00298985 topic music
1J0kIpCmRLg-01190-00298986-00299268 Peruvian music has Andean Spanish and
1J0kIpCmRLg-01191-00299269-00299498 African roots in pre-hispanic times
1J0kIpCmRLg-01192-00299499-00299759 musical expressions varied widely in
1J0kIpCmRLg-01193-00299760-00299954 each region the Cana and the tinya were
1J0kIpCmRLg-01194-00299955-00300206 two common instruments Spaniards
1J0kIpCmRLg-01195-00300207-00300404 introduced new instruments such as the
1J0kIpCmRLg-01196-00300405-00300584 guitar in the harp which led to the
1J0kIpCmRLg-01197-00300585-00300776 development of crossbred instruments
1J0kIpCmRLg-01198-00300777-00301070 like the charanga african contributions
1J0kIpCmRLg-01199-00301071-00301298 to Peruvian music include its rhythms in
1J0kIpCmRLg-01200-00301299-00301501 the Cajon a percussion instrument
1J0kIpCmRLg-01201-00301502-00301775 Peruvian folk dances include marinara
1J0kIpCmRLg-01202-00301776-00301859 tan Dara
1J0kIpCmRLg-01203-00301860-00302591 zamak waka diablada and wano
1J0kIpCmRLg-01204-00302592-00303137 topic C also
1J0kIpCmRLg-01205-00303138-00303690 outline of Peru
1J0kIpCmRLg-01206-00303691-00304256 topic notes and references
1J0kIpCmRLg-01207-00304257-00304626 you
1J0kIpCmRLg-01208-00304627-00305172 topic bibliography
1J0kIpCmRLg-01209-00305173-00305539 you
1J0kIpCmRLg-01210-00305540-00306064 topic further reading
1J0kIpCmRLg-01211-00306065-00306226 you
1J0kIpCmRLg-01212-00306227-00306442 you
1J0kIpCmRLg-01213-00306443-00306990 topic external links
1J0kIpCmRLg-01214-00306991-00307407 country profile from BBC News Peru from
1J0kIpCmRLg-01215-00307408-00307812 the Encyclopedia Britannica Peru the
1J0kIpCmRLg-01216-00307813-00308000 World Factbook Central Intelligence
1J0kIpCmRLg-01217-00308001-00308486 Agency Peru at UCB libraries govpubs
1J0kIpCmRLg-01218-00308487-00308825 world bank summary trade statistics Peru
1J0kIpCmRLg-01219-00308826-00309281 Peru at Curley Peru links web directory
1J0kIpCmRLg-01220-00309282-00309654 wikimedia atlas of peru peru travel
1J0kIpCmRLg-01221-00309655-00309966 guide from wikivoyage in spanish web
1J0kIpCmRLg-01222-00309967-00310187 portal of the peruvian government
1J0kIpCmRLg-01223-00310188-00310425 geographic data related to peru at
1J0kIpCmRLg-01224-00310426-00310701 OpenStreetMap
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00000-00000012-00000172 foreign
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00001-00000173-00001195 [Music]
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00002-00001196-00001469 guys I know it's Monday I usually do my
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00003-00001470-00001691 hauls on Thursdays or Fridays but yeah I
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00004-00001692-00001847 gotta do the haul today I got a couple
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00005-00001848-00002021 appointments coming up this week so
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00006-00002022-00002207 y'all know I had to get it in where I
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00007-00002208-00002417 could fit it in so this is a larger than
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00008-00002418-00002668 usual haul Publix had a lot of nice
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00009-00002669-00002975 things on BOGO on sale so let's get into
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00010-00002976-00003304 this home all right so up front y'all
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00011-00003305-00003520 know I gotta had a Kool-Aid Gotta Have
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00012-00003521-00003754 Kool-Aid in your house all right so we
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00013-00003755-00003917 got Kool-Aid
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00014-00003918-00004169 um I got this um
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00015-00004170-00004325 what they call this
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00016-00004326-00004504 uh Sushi yeah the girls wanted to try
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00017-00004505-00004756 that so um I did get them a Crunchyroll
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00018-00004757-00004997 baby shrimp so it's gonna be the first
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00019-00004998-00005141 time trying that
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00020-00005142-00005302 uh they look at too much YouTube if you
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00021-00005303-00005513 ask me but anyway so I got that for the
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00022-00005514-00005615 girls
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00023-00005616-00005836 um I got this small can of chicken uh
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00024-00005837-00006065 cream of chicken soup uh for something
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00025-00006066-00006270 I'm gonna be cooking I got the
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00026-00006271-00006641 Ghirardelli caramel for my iced coffee
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00027-00006642-00006875 we got the crystal it's got to be the
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00028-00006876-00007042 Chris style for the hot sauce y'all It's
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00029-00007043-00007319 gotta be Chris down uh we got the Heinz
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00030-00007320-00007534 yellow mustard back here we got the
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00031-00007536-00007745 Hunts tomato ketchup those were BOGO
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00032-00007745-00007906 this week guys
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00033-00007908-00008196 all right and we have the bulk
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00034-00008197-00008369 bautistelli I guess that's how you
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00035-00008370-00008681 pronounce that roasted garlic uh tomato
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00036-00008682-00008909 sauce these were Bobo this week guys as
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00037-00008910-00009233 well I did grab the girls some mini
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00038-00009234-00009545 assorted pastries it's a five count just
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00039-00009546-00009701 different pastries Publix different
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00040-00009702-00009910 pastries I did grab two of those for the
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00041-00009911-00010073 girls you know in case like in the
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00042-00010074-00010192 morning they just want to grab something
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00043-00010193-00010499 quick and easy I grabbed those uh I
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00044-00010500-00010751 grabbed me some Sunkissed lemons
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00045-00010752-00011003 uh I did get the Cheez-Its I got two
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00046-00011004-00011159 boxes of the big Cheez-Its those are
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00047-00011160-00011363 BOGO as well
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00048-00011364-00011591 um I did get the uh pork rinds these are
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00049-00011592-00011771 bubbled as well I got the barbecue
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00050-00011772-00012023 flavor they also have the plain fav uh
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00051-00012024-00012295 flavors as well uh those are BOGO guys
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00052-00012296-00012514 of course y'all know I got the noodles
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00053-00012515-00012623 down there in case I don't want to
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00054-00012624-00012755 forget about those y'all know I got to
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00055-00012756-00012899 get the noodles keep the girls off me
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00056-00012900-00013138 they love those noodles
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00057-00013140-00013336 um especially the chicken flavor all
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00058-00013337-00013558 right the Kinder Bueno my girls love
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00059-00013559-00013786 these These are BOGO this week guys so I
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00060-00013787-00014135 got two of those we have the El fudge uh
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00061-00014136-00014351 elwich I've got two of those those are
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00062-00014352-00014675 Bobo as well this week guys we got the
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00063-00014676-00014879 Captain Crunch uh large family size
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00064-00014880-00015058 those are BOGO this week
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00065-00015059-00015365 uh got the Cheerios oats and crunch oats
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00066-00015366-00015569 and honey I got two of those those are
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00067-00015569-00015791 Bobo this week as well what else we got
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00068-00015791-00016019 back here oh we got two Lactaid milks
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00069-00016019-00016169 those are on sale two for eight you guys
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00070-00016169-00016408 know Lactaid milk is very pricey uh
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00071-00016409-00016553 those are on sale two for eight for the
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00072-00016554-00016930 Lactaid uh regular gallon of milk
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00073-00016931-00017129 all right let's come around here back to
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00074-00017130-00017380 the front uh Tillamook one of my
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00075-00017381-00017555 favorite deals the Tillamook cream
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00076-00017556-00017675 cheese
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00077-00017676-00017849 um I did have because I am a part of
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00078-00017850-00018143 their um email uh family so I did have
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00079-00018144-00018383 BOGO coupons for these tillamooks if you
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00080-00018384-00018575 are a part of the Tillamook family I'm
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00081-00018576-00018749 sure you probably got emailed these so
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00082-00018750-00018989 it's buy one get one uh and their cream
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00083-00018990-00019294 cheese I got the chives and onion I got
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00084-00019295-00019643 the very veggie that looks good I don't
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00085-00019644-00019950 know about the veggie pour but anyway
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00086-00019951-00020344 uh I got the seriously strawberry and I
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00087-00020345-00020544 got the original
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00088-00020545-00020849 okay uh all right so we got some sugar
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00089-00020850-00020999 y'all know I always need sugar cause I'm
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00090-00021000-00021197 always cooking and baking we got the
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00091-00021198-00021449 all-purpose flour back there uh Jimmy
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00092-00021450-00021749 Dean bacon uh they were BOGO this week
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00093-00021750-00021953 for the Jimmy Dean bacon grab some
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00094-00021954-00022108 butter because y'all know I'm always
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00095-00022109-00022355 doing something the banquet brown and
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00096-00022356-00022558 serve I did get two of these they are
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00097-00022559-00022889 BOGO this week I got the turkey links
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00098-00022890-00023255 and I got the turkey uh Patty I knew
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00099-00023256-00023471 those was gonna fall all right what was
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00100-00023472-00023663 the one this table is too crowded let me
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00101-00023664-00023794 just move those
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00102-00023795-00024041 all right so we got the Sargento Cheese
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00103-00024042-00024258 those are boiled as well this week guys
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00104-00024259-00024544 uh Toaster Strudels I got the cinnamon
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00105-00024545-00024875 and the um cream cheese and strawberry
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00106-00024876-00025205 these are uh two for five yep two for
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00107-00025206-00025433 five for the toaster Shooters no I think
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00108-00025434-00025583 they're two for five yep two for five
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00109-00025584-00025811 all right and we got the Boston Market
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00110-00025812-00025943 this week you guys know I like to get
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00111-00025944-00026105 these little quick little meals for the
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00112-00026106-00026357 girls uh these were BOGO this week I got
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00113-00026358-00026518 the Boston Market it's the chicken
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00114-00026519-00026824 parmesan and that looks really good you
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00115-00026825-00027083 know with like the spaghetti
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00116-00027083-00027245 um and I got the Salisbury steak with
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00117-00027245-00027383 mac and cheese y'all know those girls
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00118-00027383-00027664 they love mac and cheese we got the Bob
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00119-00027666-00027946 Evans sausage egg and cheese croissants
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00120-00027947-00028205 the croissants uh we got those those
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00121-00028206-00028546 were BOGO guys this week I got the big
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00122-00028547-00028829 box of Publix buttermilk waffles uh just
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00123-00028830-00028967 grab those so the girls can have
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00124-00028968-00029195 something different for breakfast and I
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00125-00029195-00029399 grab some chicken fries back there for
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00126-00029400-00029596 something I'm gonna be cooking and of
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00127-00029597-00029873 course uh let me see uh my favorite deal
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00128-00029874-00030089 on my finish I got some other stuff over
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00129-00030089-00030202 there everything couldn't fit on the
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00130-00030204-00030418 table guys uh my favorite deal I'm gonna
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00131-00030419-00030514 go ahead and show you guys because it's
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00132-00030516-00030737 over here on the table The Cheesecake
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00133-00030738-00031085 Factory ice cream bars I'm telling y'all
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00134-00031086-00031295 when I saw this on sale I was like oh
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00135-00031295-00031457 yeah I mean of course I knew about it
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00136-00031458-00031655 before I went y'all know how I do I prep
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00137-00031656-00031781 before I go to the store I don't just
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00138-00031782-00031985 walk in the store and pick up stuff now
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00139-00031986-00032170 I prep I always know what you're getting
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00140-00032172-00032501 into don't just jump in ladies gentlemen
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00141-00032502-00032614 whoever
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00142-00032616-00032812 oh wait that's the word of the day y'all
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00143-00032813-00032921 always know I'm gonna give y'all that
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00144-00032922-00033149 word of the day don't just jump in pray
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00145-00033150-00033509 about it then jump in
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00146-00033510-00033785 pray about it first and then jump in
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00147-00033786-00034001 well you know pray about it then if God
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00148-00034002-00034229 tell you to jump in go ahead anyway all
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00149-00034230-00034481 right so I also got uh two of the
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00150-00034482-00034612 cheesecake ice cream box and
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00151-00034613-00034865 strawberries oh my God anything with the
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00152-00034866-00035099 word Cheesecake Factory on it I'm sorry
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00153-00035100-00035309 I'm buying it uh I don't even care what
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00154-00035310-00035537 it is Cheesecake Factory y'all gotta get
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00155-00035538-00035740 those they are Bobo this week guys BOGO
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00156-00035741-00035951 on those Cheesecake Factory ice creams
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00157-00035952-00036167 over here guys just a few other things I
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00158-00036168-00036437 got the El Paso uh all the El Paso was
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00159-00036438-00036761 Bobo this week including the taco shells
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00160-00036762-00037049 all the El Paso was Bobo this week uh
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00161-00037050-00037211 Thomas Bagel got two planes those were
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00162-00037212-00037439 BOGO this week as well guys
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00163-00037440-00037702 um I did get the donut shop uh latte you
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00164-00037703-00037949 guys see that's vanilla latte I got two
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00165-00037950-00038117 of those they were Bobo this week guys
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00166-00038118-00038387 the Betty Crocker all the Betty Crockers
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00167-00038388-00038662 are BOGO guys I got four of these These
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00168-00038663-00038873 are the double chocolate chunk cookies
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00169-00038874-00039089 so you all already know y'all gonna see
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00170-00039090-00039251 those on the channel double chocolate
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00171-00039252-00039509 cause y'all know I love chocolate so
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00172-00039510-00039707 I'll be cooking those for the channel
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00173-00039708-00040061 uh Bobo Betty Crocker Bobo guys the oval
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00174-00040062-00040277 retinbacher mini bags well all the
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00175-00040278-00040483 popcorn I got the movie theater I got
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00176-00040484-00040774 two of the mini bags I'm telling you
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00177-00040775-00040979 everything's falling I got two of those
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00178-00040980-00041183 guys those were BOGO this week another
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00179-00041184-00041393 deal I really liked
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00180-00041394-00041549 um well the Betty Crocker cookies I
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00181-00041550-00041771 really like that deal I always get Betty
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00182-00041772-00042011 Crocker all right so also another deal I
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00183-00042012-00042149 like the
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00184-00042150-00042401 um Peace teas
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00185-00042402-00042730 um I got three of the just Peach one of
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00186-00042731-00042985 the hello mango three of the razzleberry
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00187-00042986-00043259 and I got three of the snow battery
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00188-00043260-00043546 these are 10 for 10 on Publix little 10
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00189-00043547-00043918 for 10 deal so I got 10 for 10 on those
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00190-00043919-00044111 um I got some sub rolls so something I'm
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00191-00044112-00044339 cooking I got the ball part hot dog buns
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00192-00044340-00044555 they are BOGO this week guys some
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00193-00044556-00044789 regular quick instant rice the yellow my
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00194-00044790-00044927 hot Mirage you guys know I love that
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00195-00044928-00045173 mahama rice and just some Publix veggie
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00196-00045174-00045412 oil is that it yep that's it this is
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00197-00045413-00045533 just the stuff I couldn't fit on the
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00198-00045534-00045821 table guys but yes this is my haul for
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00199-00045822-00046043 this week Publix has some good deals
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00200-00046044-00046199 this week you know I like what I got
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00201-00046200-00046421 Publix had a couple good deals so I went
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00202-00046422-00046630 ahead and grabbed them don't know what
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00203-00046631-00046787 next week gonna look like just depends
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00204-00046788-00046979 on what Publix has to offer and of
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00205-00046980-00047099 course you guys see I don't have any
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00206-00047100-00047249 meat here that's because I have tons of
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00207-00047250-00047440 meat tons of it I have me y'all know
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00208-00047441-00047633 y'all may not see a lot of meat in my
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00209-00047634-00047818 Halls that's because I grab a couple
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00210-00047819-00047957 pieces of meat from Publix I don't
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00211-00047958-00048107 usually grab all my meat from Publix
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00212-00048108-00048257 y'all know how that goes as far as the
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00213-00048258-00048539 meat but all right guys that's it let me
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00214-00048540-00048755 remind you guys please if you are
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00215-00048756-00049018 subscribed to my Channel please go over
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00216-00049019-00049199 to my uh I'm gonna leave it in the
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00217-00049200-00049415 description box my second Channel it is
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00218-00049416-00049601 the Eureka Misha that is my spiritual
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00219-00049602-00049762 Channel I'm Gonna Leave the link in the
1Lf2jj2LiZY-00220-00049763-00049967 description box below if you are here
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1N_pAwvdRDu-00000-00000024-00000199 this is the last in a series of videos
1N_pAwvdRDu-00001-00000200-00000335 i'm making about latin
1N_pAwvdRDu-00002-00000336-00000638 um and this one is a sample of
1N_pAwvdRDu-00003-00000639-00001007 actual latin um before we dive in i want
1N_pAwvdRDu-00004-00001008-00001183 to talk a little bit about the alphabet
1N_pAwvdRDu-00005-00001184-00001535 um it is for most of us really quite
1N_pAwvdRDu-00006-00001536-00001751 familiar especially if you're
1N_pAwvdRDu-00007-00001752-00002007 a native english speaker this is this is
1N_pAwvdRDu-00008-00002007-00002126 also our alphabet
1N_pAwvdRDu-00009-00002127-00002431 um so a b c d e f
1N_pAwvdRDu-00010-00002432-00002734 or in latin a b
1N_pAwvdRDu-00011-00002735-00003134 k day a f
1N_pAwvdRDu-00012-00003135-00003295 now in some latin texts what you may
1N_pAwvdRDu-00013-00003296-00003551 notice is that some of the vowels have
1N_pAwvdRDu-00014-00003552-00003799 lines over them and we call those lines
1N_pAwvdRDu-00015-00003800-00003967 macrons and it
1N_pAwvdRDu-00016-00003968-00004143 distinguishes between long and short
1N_pAwvdRDu-00017-00004144-00004286 vowels so like
1N_pAwvdRDu-00018-00004287-00004751 here we have e without the macron
1N_pAwvdRDu-00019-00004752-00005054 and that's with the macron
1N_pAwvdRDu-00020-00005055-00005463 so it's longer um
1N_pAwvdRDu-00021-00005464-00005727 in some latin text you'll see the letter
1N_pAwvdRDu-00022-00005728-00005911 i uses both the consonant
1N_pAwvdRDu-00023-00005912-00006134 and vowel and in some you'll see j as
1N_pAwvdRDu-00024-00006135-00006270 the consonant
1N_pAwvdRDu-00025-00006271-00006598 instead of i
1N_pAwvdRDu-00026-00006600-00006855 yeah another one is u and v and some of
1N_pAwvdRDu-00027-00006856-00007039 them you will see u and v
1N_pAwvdRDu-00028-00007040-00007214 distinguished and other people say that
1N_pAwvdRDu-00029-00007215-00007423 you and v are the same letter and that's
1N_pAwvdRDu-00030-00007423-00007670 why you might go to a museum and see on
1N_pAwvdRDu-00031-00007672-00007759 it
1N_pAwvdRDu-00032-00007759-00008063 carved letters m v
1N_pAwvdRDu-00033-00008064-00008463 s e v m well it's because
1N_pAwvdRDu-00034-00008464-00008710 capital u traditionally when carved is a
1N_pAwvdRDu-00035-00008711-00008871 v so really those are used that's a
1N_pAwvdRDu-00036-00008872-00009142 museum and not a museum
1N_pAwvdRDu-00037-00009143-00009455 um but now on to the latin the text in
1N_pAwvdRDu-00038-00009456-00009510 front of us
1N_pAwvdRDu-00039-00009511-00009883 is the opening to julius caesar's
1N_pAwvdRDu-00040-00009884-00010238 day
1N_pAwvdRDu-00041-00010239-00010591 um and it's fairly famous you know galia
1N_pAwvdRDu-00042-00010592-00010887 as domnes duisa impartes tres uh gaul is
1N_pAwvdRDu-00043-00010888-00011223 divided into three parts um so let's go
1N_pAwvdRDu-00044-00011224-00011295 ahead and
1N_pAwvdRDu-00045-00011296-00011535 give this a look through and talk about
1N_pAwvdRDu-00046-00011536-00011727 some of the things that make latin
1N_pAwvdRDu-00047-00011728-00012055 latin you may hear me
1N_pAwvdRDu-00048-00012056-00012414 try to nasalize the final end
1N_pAwvdRDu-00049-00012415-00012807 the final ms on some of these words and
1N_pAwvdRDu-00050-00012808-00012991 according to our best scholarship that
1N_pAwvdRDu-00051-00012991-00013111 is
1N_pAwvdRDu-00052-00013112-00013343 what latin sounded like so let's see if
1N_pAwvdRDu-00053-00013344-00013471 i can do this and approach
1N_pAwvdRDu-00054-00013472-00013871 something like what we think latin
1N_pAwvdRDu-00056-00019904-00020143 okay so let's go back to the top and
1N_pAwvdRDu-00057-00020144-00020286 talk about some of the features we see
1N_pAwvdRDu-00058-00020287-00020367 here so
1N_pAwvdRDu-00059-00020368-00021007 galia est omnis de visa in partes tres
1N_pAwvdRDu-00060-00021008-00021207 you're not going to see it right here
1N_pAwvdRDu-00061-00021208-00021391 but i'll point it out as we go on
1N_pAwvdRDu-00062-00021392-00021839 um latin has case endings in partis
1N_pAwvdRDu-00063-00021840-00022367 so into three parts um
1N_pAwvdRDu-00064-00022368-00022719 including and what we see here
1N_pAwvdRDu-00065-00022720-00023055 is um one okay well let's start again
1N_pAwvdRDu-00066-00023056-00023407 galia asked only so call is all divided
1N_pAwvdRDu-00067-00023408-00023463 in
1N_pAwvdRDu-00068-00023464-00023911 partes tres in three well in parts three
1N_pAwvdRDu-00069-00023912-00024142 so all of gaul is divided into three
1N_pAwvdRDu-00070-00024143-00024222 parts
1N_pAwvdRDu-00071-00024223-00024535 they say gaul all and notice how
1N_pAwvdRDu-00072-00024536-00024958 it's on either side of the verb est
1N_pAwvdRDu-00073-00024959-00025207 it's literally divided by the verb gaul
1N_pAwvdRDu-00074-00025208-00025283 all
1N_pAwvdRDu-00075-00025284-00025606 duisa um divided
1N_pAwvdRDu-00076-00025607-00025774 so gaul is divided and that's a nice
1N_pAwvdRDu-00077-00025775-00025911 trick you can do with latin
1N_pAwvdRDu-00078-00025912-00026190 because they have a flexible word order
1N_pAwvdRDu-00079-00026191-00026262 so
1N_pAwvdRDu-00080-00026263-00026655 galia omnes so they say gal all
1N_pAwvdRDu-00081-00026656-00026958 or all gaul whereas we say all of
1N_pAwvdRDu-00082-00026960-00027335 gaul di we say impartes tres divided
1N_pAwvdRDu-00083-00027336-00027639 into three parts quarrel
1N_pAwvdRDu-00084-00027639-00028135 of which referring back to the parts
1N_pAwvdRDu-00085-00028136-00028487 one referring to parts in kolunt
1N_pAwvdRDu-00086-00028488-00028799 they inhabit belgae the belgians
1N_pAwvdRDu-00087-00028800-00029087 so we have direct object the verb and
1N_pAwvdRDu-00088-00029088-00029255 then the subject which is running
1N_pAwvdRDu-00089-00029256-00029446 completely backwards to how we do it in
1N_pAwvdRDu-00090-00029447-00029583 english and in fact you couldn't say
1N_pAwvdRDu-00091-00029583-00029702 that you'd say
1N_pAwvdRDu-00092-00029704-00030095 one inhabit the belgians
1N_pAwvdRDu-00093-00030095-00030262 well it doesn't sound very good in
1N_pAwvdRDu-00094-00030263-00030462 english so one inhabits the belgians and
1N_pAwvdRDu-00095-00030463-00030543 that makes no
1N_pAwvdRDu-00096-00030544-00030695 sense whereas in latin it makes
1N_pAwvdRDu-00097-00030695-00030911 perfectly good sense because we have
1N_pAwvdRDu-00098-00030912-00031239 unam indicating accusative case nt the
1N_pAwvdRDu-00099-00031239-00031311 verb
1N_pAwvdRDu-00100-00031312-00031670 a i for bell guy indicating
1N_pAwvdRDu-00101-00031672-00032079 the subject
1N_pAwvdRDu-00102-00032080-00032358 and this is the other the aquatanian so
1N_pAwvdRDu-00103-00032360-00032431 here
1N_pAwvdRDu-00104-00032432-00032815 caesar says one in one inhabit the
1N_pAwvdRDu-00105-00032816-00032911 belgians
1N_pAwvdRDu-00106-00032912-00033055 and here because we're just going to say
1N_pAwvdRDu-00107-00033056-00033215 aalayam aquitani and you're just
1N_pAwvdRDu-00108-00033216-00033327 supposed to figure
1N_pAwvdRDu-00109-00033328-00033502 that he's referring that the aquatanians
1N_pAwvdRDu-00110-00033503-00033695 live in the second part and
1N_pAwvdRDu-00111-00033696-00034023 he doesn't need to repeat the verb
1N_pAwvdRDu-00112-00034024-00034287 in column he can just jump right over it
1N_pAwvdRDu-00113-00034288-00034335 and
1N_pAwvdRDu-00114-00034336-00034839 squeeze that down and compact it down
1N_pAwvdRDu-00115-00034840-00035215 lingua nostra gallia
1N_pAwvdRDu-00116-00035216-00035527 and here he does it again the third
1N_pAwvdRDu-00117-00035528-00035830 who of their own
1N_pAwvdRDu-00118-00035831-00036079 language and this is telling you how
1N_pAwvdRDu-00119-00036080-00036246 it's done you can't see it but that
1N_pAwvdRDu-00120-00036247-00036462 a should have a macron over but i didn't
1N_pAwvdRDu-00121-00036463-00036671 use any macrons celtai
1N_pAwvdRDu-00122-00036672-00036974 so who by their own language
1N_pAwvdRDu-00123-00036975-00037327 celts by their own language celts what
1N_pAwvdRDu-00124-00037328-00037767 uh nostra by ours by our what well
1N_pAwvdRDu-00125-00037768-00038055 by our language in other words latin
1N_pAwvdRDu-00126-00038056-00038139 gali
1N_pAwvdRDu-00127-00038140-00038383 appellantor so they call themselves
1N_pAwvdRDu-00128-00038384-00038502 celts
1N_pAwvdRDu-00129-00038503-00038951 we the romans call him golly
1N_pAwvdRDu-00130-00038952-00039230 he omnis lingua institute these legibus
1N_pAwvdRDu-00131-00039231-00039302 interse
1N_pAwvdRDu-00132-00039303-00039671 different these
1N_pAwvdRDu-00133-00039672-00039999 the peoples mentioned
1N_pAwvdRDu-00134-00040000-00040311 in the previous sentence omnes these all
1N_pAwvdRDu-00135-00040312-00040759 by language institutions laws
1N_pAwvdRDu-00136-00040760-00041095 among themselves differ
1N_pAwvdRDu-00137-00041096-00041374 and this sentence has a pretty standard
1N_pAwvdRDu-00138-00041375-00041567 default word order for latin you've got
1N_pAwvdRDu-00139-00041568-00041735 the subject first you've got
1N_pAwvdRDu-00140-00041736-00042151 stuff in between in this case um
1N_pAwvdRDu-00141-00042152-00042343 ablative of means is what we call in the
1N_pAwvdRDu-00142-00042344-00042487 latin world we have a prepositional
1N_pAwvdRDu-00143-00042488-00042655 phrase and then finally the verb
1N_pAwvdRDu-00144-00042656-00043030 and that's pretty vanilla for
1N_pAwvdRDu-00145-00043031-00043279 latin it goes subject then the other
1N_pAwvdRDu-00146-00043280-00043767 stuff and then finally the verb
1N_pAwvdRDu-00147-00043768-00043927 someone's doing something to them but we
1N_pAwvdRDu-00148-00043928-00044246 don't know what ab aquatanis
1N_pAwvdRDu-00149-00044247-00044518 from the aquatanians garunaflumen the
1N_pAwvdRDu-00150-00044519-00044655 garonne river
1N_pAwvdRDu-00151-00044656-00044871 from the belgians we still don't know
1N_pAwvdRDu-00152-00044872-00045046 what from the belgians
1N_pAwvdRDu-00153-00045047-00045358 ah belgius matron at sequona the barn
1N_pAwvdRDu-00154-00045359-00045711 and the saint deweed it divides okay
1N_pAwvdRDu-00155-00045712-00046071 so the garonne divides the gauls from
1N_pAwvdRDu-00156-00046072-00046199 the aquatanians
1N_pAwvdRDu-00157-00046200-00046439 and the marn and the sane from the
1N_pAwvdRDu-00158-00046440-00046583 belgians
1N_pAwvdRDu-00159-00046584-00046774 i'll divide the galls from the belgians
1N_pAwvdRDu-00160-00046775-00046951 and here's the case marking that i'm
1N_pAwvdRDu-00161-00046952-00047102 talking about so golly
1N_pAwvdRDu-00162-00047103-00047358 here they're the subject gallows there
1N_pAwvdRDu-00163-00047359-00047511 they are the direct object
1N_pAwvdRDu-00164-00047512-00047830 so latin uses this case marking
1N_pAwvdRDu-00165-00047831-00048158 to indicate
1N_pAwvdRDu-00166-00048159-00048327 who's doing what in the sentence and as
1N_pAwvdRDu-00167-00048328-00048479 a result you can really scramble the
1N_pAwvdRDu-00168-00048480-00048567 word orders
1N_pAwvdRDu-00169-00048568-00048902 so between the telescoping and getting
1N_pAwvdRDu-00170-00048903-00049095 rid of
1N_pAwvdRDu-00171-00049096-00049551 things that you've already said so um
1N_pAwvdRDu-00172-00049552-00049695 so you get rid of the include so you
1N_pAwvdRDu-00173-00049696-00050062 don't repeat yourself so between that
1N_pAwvdRDu-00174-00050063-00050343 cutting out of repeated information and
1N_pAwvdRDu-00175-00050344-00050574 the ability to scramble words
1N_pAwvdRDu-00176-00050575-00050902 in a direct object verb subject
1N_pAwvdRDu-00177-00050903-00051190 manner so you can scramble the words
1N_pAwvdRDu-00178-00051191-00051366 however you like them
1N_pAwvdRDu-00179-00051367-00051775 these two things make latin
1N_pAwvdRDu-00180-00051776-00052023 well they give latin a bad reputation
1N_pAwvdRDu-00181-00052024-00052199 for being hard because
1N_pAwvdRDu-00182-00052200-00052390 the word order is always changing there
1N_pAwvdRDu-00183-00052391-00052526 are all sorts of
1N_pAwvdRDu-00184-00052527-00052775 syntactical things and morphological
1N_pAwvdRDu-00185-00052776-00052999 things that you have to keep an eye on
1N_pAwvdRDu-00186-00053000-00053215 and then just to keep you really on your
1N_pAwvdRDu-00187-00053216-00053366 toes they don't repeat things they don't
1N_pAwvdRDu-00188-00053367-00053487 need to they
1N_pAwvdRDu-00189-00053488-00053742 make you the reader do a lot of the
1N_pAwvdRDu-00190-00053744-00053999 heavy lifting for them
1N_pAwvdRDu-00191-00054000-00054408 and this is kind of what latin is like
1pQMaWAYZnY-00000-00000050-00000313 vitamin C also known as ascorbic acid
1pQMaWAYZnY-00001-00000314-00000599 and l-ascorbic acid is a vitamin found
1pQMaWAYZnY-00002-00000600-00000829 in various foods and sold as a dietary
1pQMaWAYZnY-00003-00000830-00001127 supplement it is used to prevent and
1pQMaWAYZnY-00004-00001128-00001427 treat scurvy vitamin C is an essential
1pQMaWAYZnY-00005-00001428-00001609 nutrient involved in the repair of
1pQMaWAYZnY-00006-00001610-00001807 tissue in the enzymatic production of
1pQMaWAYZnY-00007-00001809-00002120 certain neurotransmitters it is required
1pQMaWAYZnY-00008-00002121-00002321 for the functioning of several enzymes
1pQMaWAYZnY-00009-00002322-00002516 and is important for immune system
1pQMaWAYZnY-00010-00002517-00002795 function it also functions as an
1pQMaWAYZnY-00011-00002796-00002996 antioxidant current evidence does not
1pQMaWAYZnY-00012-00002997-00003191 support its use for the prevention of
1pQMaWAYZnY-00013-00003192-00003472 the common cold there is however some
1pQMaWAYZnY-00014-00003473-00003704 evidence that regular use may shorten
1pQMaWAYZnY-00015-00003704-00003965 the length of colds it is unclear
1pQMaWAYZnY-00016-00003965-00004163 whether supplementation affects the risk
1pQMaWAYZnY-00017-00004164-00004403 of cancer cardiovascular disease or
1pQMaWAYZnY-00018-00004404-00004742 dementia it may be taken by mouth or by
1pQMaWAYZnY-00019-00004743-00004976 injection vitamin C is generally well
1pQMaWAYZnY-00020-00004977-00005261 tolerated large doses may cause
1pQMaWAYZnY-00021-00005262-00005486 gastrointestinal discomfort headache
1pQMaWAYZnY-00022-00005487-00005677 trouble sleeping and flushing of the
1pQMaWAYZnY-00023-00005678-00005959 skin normal doses are safe during
1pQMaWAYZnY-00024-00005960-00006272 pregnancy the United States Institute of
1pQMaWAYZnY-00025-00006273-00006481 Medicine recommends against taking large
1pQMaWAYZnY-00026-00006483-00006791 doses vitamin C was discovered in 1912
1pQMaWAYZnY-00027-00006792-00007181 isolated in 1928 and in 1933 was the
1pQMaWAYZnY-00028-00007181-00007387 first vitamin to be chemically produced
1pQMaWAYZnY-00029-00007388-00007688 it is on the World Health Organization
1pQMaWAYZnY-00030-00007689-00007901 model list of essential medicines which
1pQMaWAYZnY-00031-00007902-00008078 lists the most effective and safe
1pQMaWAYZnY-00032-00008079-00008305 medicines needed in a health system
1pQMaWAYZnY-00033-00008306-00008585 vitamin C is available as an inexpensive
1pQMaWAYZnY-00034-00008586-00008851 generic and over-the-counter medication
1pQMaWAYZnY-00035-00008852-00009092 partly for its discovery albert
1pQMaWAYZnY-00036-00009093-00009292 szent-györgyi and walter norman Howarth
1pQMaWAYZnY-00037-00009293-00009592 were awarded the 1937 nobel prizes in
1pQMaWAYZnY-00038-00009593-00009791 Physiology and medicine and chemistry
1pQMaWAYZnY-00039-00009792-00010139 respectively foods containing vitamin C
1pQMaWAYZnY-00040-00010140-00010358 include citrus fruits kiwi fruit
1pQMaWAYZnY-00041-00010359-00010592 broccoli Brussels sprouts raw bell
1pQMaWAYZnY-00042-00010593-00010862 peppers and strawberries prolonged
1pQMaWAYZnY-00043-00010863-00011105 storage or cooking may reduce vitamin C
1pQMaWAYZnY-00044-00011106-00011723 content in foods
1pQMaWAYZnY-00045-00011724-00012108 topic biology
1pQMaWAYZnY-00046-00012109-00012618 you
1pQMaWAYZnY-00047-00012619-00013183 topic significance
1pQMaWAYZnY-00048-00013184-00013466 vitamin C is an essential nutrient for
1pQMaWAYZnY-00049-00013466-00013681 certain animals including humans
1pQMaWAYZnY-00050-00013682-00013939 the term vitamin C encompasses several
1pQMaWAYZnY-00051-00013940-00014188 vitamins that have vitamin C activity in
1pQMaWAYZnY-00052-00014190-00014483 animals ascorbate salts such as sodium
1pQMaWAYZnY-00053-00014484-00014764 ascorbate and calcium ascorbate ii used
1pQMaWAYZnY-00054-00014765-00015047 in some dietary supplements these
1pQMaWAYZnY-00055-00015047-00015270 release a score Beit upon digestion
1pQMaWAYZnY-00056-00015271-00015517 ascorbate and ascorbic acid are both
1pQMaWAYZnY-00057-00015518-00015697 naturally present in the body
1pQMaWAYZnY-00058-00015698-00015899 since the forms interconvert according
1pQMaWAYZnY-00059-00015900-00016237 to ph oxidized forms of the molecules
1pQMaWAYZnY-00060-00016238-00016436 such as dehydroascorbic acid are
1pQMaWAYZnY-00061-00016437-00016636 converted back to ascorbic acid by
1pQMaWAYZnY-00062-00016637-00016903 reducing agents vitamin c functions as a
1pQMaWAYZnY-00063-00016904-00017155 cofactor in many enzymatic reactions in
1pQMaWAYZnY-00064-00017156-00017344 animals and humans that mediate a
1pQMaWAYZnY-00065-00017345-00017555 variety of essential biological
1pQMaWAYZnY-00066-00017556-00017750 functions including wound healing and
1pQMaWAYZnY-00067-00017751-00018115 collagen synthesis in humans vitamin C
1pQMaWAYZnY-00068-00018116-00018334 deficiency leads to impaired collagen
1pQMaWAYZnY-00069-00018335-00018524 synthesis contributing to the more
1pQMaWAYZnY-00070-00018525-00018793 severe symptoms of scurvy another
1pQMaWAYZnY-00071-00018794-00019049 biochemical role of vitamin C is to act
1pQMaWAYZnY-00072-00019050-00019297 as an antioxidant a reducing agent by
1pQMaWAYZnY-00073-00019298-00019528 donating electrons to various enzymatic
1pQMaWAYZnY-00074-00019529-00019858 and non enzymatic reactions doing so
1pQMaWAYZnY-00075-00019859-00020111 converts vitamin C to an oxidized state
1pQMaWAYZnY-00076-00020112-00020368 either as semi-to hydroscopic acid or
1pQMaWAYZnY-00077-00020369-00020708 dehydroascorbic acid these compounds can
1pQMaWAYZnY-00078-00020709-00020887 be restored to a reduced state by
1pQMaWAYZnY-00079-00020888-00021136 glutathione and NADPH dependent
1pQMaWAYZnY-00080-00021137-00021424 enzymatic mechanisms in plants vitamin C
1pQMaWAYZnY-00081-00021425-00021586 is a substrate for a score bate
1pQMaWAYZnY-00082-00021587-00021940 peroxidase this enzyme utilizes a score
1pQMaWAYZnY-00083-00021941-00022108 bait to neutralize toxic hydrogen
1pQMaWAYZnY-00084-00022109-00022442 peroxide h2o2 by converting it to water
1pQMaWAYZnY-00085-00022443-00023043 h2o
1pQMaWAYZnY-00086-00023044-00023580 topic deficiency
1pQMaWAYZnY-00087-00023581-00023836 scurvy is a disease resulting from a
1pQMaWAYZnY-00088-00023837-00024069 deficiency of vitamin C since without
1pQMaWAYZnY-00089-00024070-00024264 this vitamin collagen made by the body
1pQMaWAYZnY-00090-00024265-00024489 is too unstable to perform its function
1pQMaWAYZnY-00091-00024490-00024700 scurvy leads to the formation of brown
1pQMaWAYZnY-00092-00024701-00024817 spots on the skin
1pQMaWAYZnY-00093-00024818-00025047 spongy gums and bleeding from all mucous
1pQMaWAYZnY-00094-00025048-00025366 membranes the spots are most abundant on
1pQMaWAYZnY-00095-00025367-00025555 the thighs and legs and a person with
1pQMaWAYZnY-00096-00025556-00025731 the ailment looks pale feels depressed
1pQMaWAYZnY-00097-00025732-00026077 and is partially immobilized in advance
1pQMaWAYZnY-00098-00026077-00026323 scurvy there are open suppurating wounds
1pQMaWAYZnY-00099-00026324-00026552 and loss of teeth and eventually death
1pQMaWAYZnY-00100-00026554-00026862 the human body can store only a certain
1pQMaWAYZnY-00101-00026863-00027064 amount of vitamin C and so the body
1pQMaWAYZnY-00102-00027064-00027268 stores are depleted if fresh supplies
1pQMaWAYZnY-00103-00027269-00027550 are not consumed the time frame for
1pQMaWAYZnY-00104-00027551-00027714 onset of symptoms of scurvy and
1pQMaWAYZnY-00105-00027716-00027889 unstressed adults on a completely
1pQMaWAYZnY-00106-00027889-00028158 vitamin C free diet however may range
1pQMaWAYZnY-00107-00028160-00028351 from one month to more than six months
1pQMaWAYZnY-00108-00028352-00028593 depending on previous loading of vitamin
1pQMaWAYZnY-00109-00028594-00028818 C notable human dietary studies of
1pQMaWAYZnY-00110-00028819-00029026 experimentally induced scurvy have been
1pQMaWAYZnY-00111-00029027-00029224 conducted on conscientious objectors
1pQMaWAYZnY-00112-00029225-00029433 during World War Two in Britain and on
1pQMaWAYZnY-00113-00029435-00029668 Iowa State prisoners in the late 1960s
1pQMaWAYZnY-00114-00029669-00030043 to the 1980s these studies both found
1pQMaWAYZnY-00115-00030044-00030220 that all obvious symptoms of scurvy
1pQMaWAYZnY-00116-00030220-00030439 previously induced by an experimental
1pQMaWAYZnY-00117-00030439-00030661 scorbutic diet with extremely low
1pQMaWAYZnY-00118-00030662-00030880 vitamin C content could be completely
1pQMaWAYZnY-00119-00030881-00031065 reversed by additional vitamin C
1pQMaWAYZnY-00120-00031066-00031290 supplementation of only 10 milligrams a
1pQMaWAYZnY-00121-00031291-00031585 day in these experiments there was no
1pQMaWAYZnY-00122-00031586-00031786 clinical difference noted between men
1pQMaWAYZnY-00123-00031787-00032035 given 70 milligrams vitamin C per day
1pQMaWAYZnY-00124-00032036-00032202 which produced a blood level of vitamin
1pQMaWAYZnY-00125-00032203-00032539 C of about 0.55 milligrams per deciliter
1pQMaWAYZnY-00126-00032539-00032815 about one third of tissue saturation
1pQMaWAYZnY-00127-00032816-00033040 levels and those given 10 milligrams per
1pQMaWAYZnY-00128-00033041-00033327 day men in the prison study developed
1pQMaWAYZnY-00129-00033328-00033526 the first signs of scurvy about four
1pQMaWAYZnY-00130-00033527-00033739 weeks after starting the vitamin C free
1pQMaWAYZnY-00131-00033740-00033990 diet whereas in the British study six to
1pQMaWAYZnY-00132-00033991-00034195 eight months were required possibly due
1pQMaWAYZnY-00133-00034196-00034369 to the pre-loading of this group with a
1pQMaWAYZnY-00134-00034370-00034612 70 milligrams per day supplement for six
1pQMaWAYZnY-00135-00034613-00034831 weeks before the scorbutic diet was fed
1pQMaWAYZnY-00136-00034832-00035074 men in both studies on a diet devoid or
1pQMaWAYZnY-00137-00035075-00035305 nearly devoid of vitamin C had blood
1pQMaWAYZnY-00138-00035306-00035508 levels of vitamin C too low to be
1pQMaWAYZnY-00139-00035509-00035680 accurately measured when they developed
1pQMaWAYZnY-00140-00035681-00035917 signs of scurvy and in the Iowa study at
1pQMaWAYZnY-00141-00035918-00036121 this time were estimated by labelled
1pQMaWAYZnY-00142-00036122-00036361 vitamin C dilution to have a body pool
1pQMaWAYZnY-00143-00036362-00036601 of less than 300 milligrams with daily
1pQMaWAYZnY-00144-00036602-00036775 turnover of only two point five
1pQMaWAYZnY-00145-00036776-00036940 milligrams per day imply
1pQMaWAYZnY-00146-00036941-00037216 an instantaneous half-life of 83 days by
1pQMaWAYZnY-00147-00037217-00037441 this time elimination constant of four
1pQMaWAYZnY-00148-00037442-00038021 months
1pQMaWAYZnY-00149-00038022-00038558 topic uses
1pQMaWAYZnY-00150-00038559-00038820 vitamin C has a definitive role in
1pQMaWAYZnY-00151-00038821-00039005 treating scurvy which is a disease
1pQMaWAYZnY-00152-00039006-00039338 caused by vitamin C deficiency beyond
1pQMaWAYZnY-00153-00039339-00039560 that a role for vitamin C is prevention
1pQMaWAYZnY-00154-00039561-00039779 or treatment for various diseases is
1pQMaWAYZnY-00155-00039780-00039965 disputed with reviews reporting
1pQMaWAYZnY-00156-00039966-00040094 conflicting results
1pQMaWAYZnY-00157-00040095-00040410 a 2012 Cochrane review reported no
1pQMaWAYZnY-00158-00040411-00040637 effect of vitamin C supplementation on
1pQMaWAYZnY-00159-00040638-00040923 overall mortality it is on the World
1pQMaWAYZnY-00160-00040924-00041108 Health Organization's list of essential
1pQMaWAYZnY-00161-00041109-00041348 medicines as one of the most effective
1pQMaWAYZnY-00162-00041349-00041535 and safe medicines needed in a health
1pQMaWAYZnY-00163-00041536-00042094 system
1pQMaWAYZnY-00164-00042095-00042608 topic scurvy
1pQMaWAYZnY-00165-00042609-00042851 the disease scurvy is caused by vitamin
1pQMaWAYZnY-00166-00042852-00043106 C deficiency and can be prevented and
1pQMaWAYZnY-00167-00043107-00043328 treated with vitamin C containing foods
1pQMaWAYZnY-00168-00043329-00043634 or dietary supplements it takes at least
1pQMaWAYZnY-00169-00043635-00043880 a month of little-to-no vitamin C before
1pQMaWAYZnY-00170-00043881-00044180 symptoms occur early symptoms are
1pQMaWAYZnY-00171-00044181-00044365 malaise and lethargy progressing to
1pQMaWAYZnY-00172-00044366-00044582 shortness of breath bone pain bleeding
1pQMaWAYZnY-00173-00044583-00044812 gums susceptibility to bruising poor
1pQMaWAYZnY-00174-00044813-00044987 wound healing and finally fever
1pQMaWAYZnY-00175-00044988-00045308 convulsions and eventual death until
1pQMaWAYZnY-00176-00045309-00045506 quite late in the disease the damage is
1pQMaWAYZnY-00177-00045507-00045743 reversible as healthy collagen replaces
1pQMaWAYZnY-00178-00045744-00045946 the defective collagen with vitamin C
1pQMaWAYZnY-00179-00045947-00046259 repletion treatment can be orally or by
1pQMaWAYZnY-00180-00046260-00046502 intramuscular or intravenous injection
1pQMaWAYZnY-00181-00046503-00046762 scurvy was known to Hippocrates in the
1pQMaWAYZnY-00182-00046763-00046990 Classical era the disease was shown to
1pQMaWAYZnY-00183-00046991-00047225 be prevented by citrus fruit in an early
1pQMaWAYZnY-00184-00047226-00047456 controlled trial by a Royal Navy surgeon
1pQMaWAYZnY-00185-00047457-00047546 James Lind
1pQMaWAYZnY-00186-00047547-00047948 in 1747 and from 1796 lemon juice was
1pQMaWAYZnY-00187-00047949-00048629 issued to all Royal Navy crewmen
1pQMaWAYZnY-00188-00048630-00049154 topic infection
1pQMaWAYZnY-00189-00049155-00049399 the effect of vitamin C on the common
1pQMaWAYZnY-00190-00049400-00049708 cold has been extensively researched the
1pQMaWAYZnY-00191-00049709-00049898 earliest publication of a controlled
1pQMaWAYZnY-00192-00049899-00050245 clinical trial appears to be from 1945
1pQMaWAYZnY-00193-00050246-00050464 researchers continued to work on this
1pQMaWAYZnY-00194-00050465-00050662 question but research interest and
1pQMaWAYZnY-00195-00050663-00050852 public interest spiked after Linus
1pQMaWAYZnY-00196-00050853-00051064 Pauling 2-time awardee of the Nobel
1pQMaWAYZnY-00197-00051065-00051420 Prize chemistry prize 1954 Peace Prize
1pQMaWAYZnY-00198-00051421-00051710 1962 started publishing research on the
1pQMaWAYZnY-00199-00051711-00051970 topic and also published a book vitamin
1pQMaWAYZnY-00200-00051971-00052412 C in the common cold in 1970 a revised
1pQMaWAYZnY-00201-00052413-00052717 and expanded edition vitamin C the
1pQMaWAYZnY-00202-00052719-00053041 common cold and the flu was published in
1pQMaWAYZnY-00203-00053041-00053363 1976 research on vitamin C in the common
1pQMaWAYZnY-00204-00053364-00053566 cold has been divided into effects on
1pQMaWAYZnY-00205-00053567-00053832 prevention duration and severity a
1pQMaWAYZnY-00206-00053833-00054047 Cochrane review which looked at at least
1pQMaWAYZnY-00207-00054048-00054304 200 milligrams per day concluded that
1pQMaWAYZnY-00208-00054305-00054554 vitamin C taken on a regular basis was
1pQMaWAYZnY-00209-00054554-00054719 not effective in prevention of the
1pQMaWAYZnY-00210-00054720-00055040 common cold at least 1,000 milligrams
1pQMaWAYZnY-00211-00055041-00055310 per day also made no difference however
1pQMaWAYZnY-00212-00055311-00055598 taking vitamin C on a regular basis did
1pQMaWAYZnY-00213-00055599-00055853 reduce the average duration by 8% in
1pQMaWAYZnY-00214-00055854-00056126 adults and 14% in children and also
1pQMaWAYZnY-00215-00056127-00056450 reduced severity of colds a subset of
1pQMaWAYZnY-00216-00056451-00056654 trials reported that supplementation
1pQMaWAYZnY-00217-00056654-00056861 reduced the incidence of colds by half
1pQMaWAYZnY-00218-00056862-00057091 in marathon runners skiers all soldiers
1pQMaWAYZnY-00219-00057092-00057434 in subarctic conditions another subset
1pQMaWAYZnY-00220-00057435-00057631 of trials looked at therapeutic use
1pQMaWAYZnY-00221-00057632-00057866 meaning that vitamin C was not started
1pQMaWAYZnY-00222-00057866-00058051 unless the people started to feel the
1pQMaWAYZnY-00223-00058052-00058373 beginnings of a cold in these vitamin C
1pQMaWAYZnY-00224-00058374-00058625 did not impact duration or severity an
1pQMaWAYZnY-00225-00058626-00058901 earlier review stated that vitamin C did
1pQMaWAYZnY-00226-00058902-00059138 not prevent colds did reduce duration
1pQMaWAYZnY-00227-00059139-00059435 did not reduce severity the authors of
1pQMaWAYZnY-00228-00059436-00059839 the Cochrane review concluded that
1pQMaWAYZnY-00229-00059840-00060088 the consistent effect of vitamin C on
1pQMaWAYZnY-00230-00060089-00060322 the duration and severity of colds in
1pQMaWAYZnY-00231-00060323-00060553 the regular supplementation studies and
1pQMaWAYZnY-00232-00060554-00060766 the low-cost and safety it may be
1pQMaWAYZnY-00233-00060766-00061012 worthwhile for common cold patients to
1pQMaWAYZnY-00234-00061013-00061222 test on an individual basis whether
1pQMaWAYZnY-00235-00061223-00061495 therapeutic vitamin C is beneficial for
1pQMaWAYZnY-00236-00061496-00061828 them vitamin C distributes readily in
1pQMaWAYZnY-00237-00061829-00062035 high concentrations into immune cells
1pQMaWAYZnY-00238-00062036-00062260 has antimicrobial and natural killer
1pQMaWAYZnY-00239-00062261-00062476 cell activities promotes lymphocyte
1pQMaWAYZnY-00240-00062477-00062689 proliferation and is consumed quickly
1pQMaWAYZnY-00241-00062690-00062920 during infections effects indicating a
1pQMaWAYZnY-00242-00062921-00063082 prominent role in immune system
1pQMaWAYZnY-00243-00063083-00063346 regulation the European Food Safety
1pQMaWAYZnY-00244-00063347-00063553 Authority found a cause and effect
1pQMaWAYZnY-00245-00063554-00063802 relationship exists between the dietary
1pQMaWAYZnY-00246-00063803-00064017 intake of vitamin C and functioning of a
1pQMaWAYZnY-00247-00064019-00064219 normal immune system in adults and in
1pQMaWAYZnY-00248-00064220-00064907 children under 3 years of age
1pQMaWAYZnY-00249-00064908-00065402 topic cancer
1pQMaWAYZnY-00250-00065403-00065639 there are two approaches to the question
1pQMaWAYZnY-00251-00065640-00065840 of whether vitamin C has an impact on
1pQMaWAYZnY-00252-00065841-00066149 cancer first within the normal range of
1pQMaWAYZnY-00253-00066150-00066308 dietary intake without additional
1pQMaWAYZnY-00254-00066309-00066554 dietary supplementation are people who
1pQMaWAYZnY-00255-00066555-00066776 consume more vitamin C at lower risk for
1pQMaWAYZnY-00256-00066777-00066998 developing cancer and if so does an
1pQMaWAYZnY-00257-00066999-00067196 orally consumed supplement have the same
1pQMaWAYZnY-00258-00067197-00067520 benefit second for people diagnosed with
1pQMaWAYZnY-00259-00067521-00067721 cancer will large amounts of ascorbic
1pQMaWAYZnY-00260-00067722-00067940 acid administered intravenously treat
1pQMaWAYZnY-00261-00067941-00068159 the cancer reduce the adverse effects of
1pQMaWAYZnY-00262-00068160-00068327 other treatments and so prolong survival
1pQMaWAYZnY-00263-00068328-00068546 and improve quality of life
1pQMaWAYZnY-00264-00068547-00068852 a 2013 Cochrane review found no evidence
1pQMaWAYZnY-00265-00068853-00069131 that vitamin C supplementation reduces
1pQMaWAYZnY-00266-00069132-00069320 the risk of lung cancer in healthy
1pQMaWAYZnY-00267-00069321-00069515 people or those at high risk due to
1pQMaWAYZnY-00268-00069516-00069848 smoking or asbestos exposure a second
1pQMaWAYZnY-00269-00069849-00070064 meta-analysis found no effect on the
1pQMaWAYZnY-00270-00070065-00070340 risk of prostate cancer two meta
1pQMaWAYZnY-00271-00070341-00070598 analyses evaluated the effect of vitamin
1pQMaWAYZnY-00272-00070599-00070781 C supplementation on the risk of
1pQMaWAYZnY-00273-00070782-00071072 colorectal cancer one found a weak
1pQMaWAYZnY-00274-00071073-00071264 association between vitamin C
1pQMaWAYZnY-00275-00071265-00071462 consumption and reduced risk and the
1pQMaWAYZnY-00276-00071463-00071591 other found no effect from
1pQMaWAYZnY-00277-00071592-00071954 supplementation a 2011 meta-analysis
1pQMaWAYZnY-00278-00071955-00072098 failed to find support for the
1pQMaWAYZnY-00279-00072099-00072296 prevention of breast cancer with vitamin
1pQMaWAYZnY-00280-00072297-00072512 C supplementation but a second study
1pQMaWAYZnY-00281-00072513-00072698 concluded that vitamin C may be
1pQMaWAYZnY-00282-00072699-00072917 associated with increased survival in
1pQMaWAYZnY-00283-00072918-00073124 those already diagnosed under the rubric
1pQMaWAYZnY-00284-00073125-00073403 of orthomolecular medicine intravenous
1pQMaWAYZnY-00285-00073404-00073649 vitamin C is a contentious adjunctive
1pQMaWAYZnY-00286-00073650-00073874 cancer therapy widely used in
1pQMaWAYZnY-00287-00073875-00074126 naturopathic and integrative oncology
1pQMaWAYZnY-00288-00074127-00074407 settings with oral administration
1pQMaWAYZnY-00289-00074408-00074645 absorption efficiency decreases as
1pQMaWAYZnY-00290-00074646-00074864 amounts increase intravenous
1pQMaWAYZnY-00291-00074865-00075143 administration bypasses this doing so
1pQMaWAYZnY-00292-00075144-00075332 makes it possible to achieve plasma
1pQMaWAYZnY-00293-00075333-00075542 concentrations of 5 to 10 millimolar
1pQMaWAYZnY-00294-00075543-00075848 Perlita mmol/l which far exceed the
1pQMaWAYZnY-00295-00075849-00076187 approximately 0.2 mmol/l limit from oral
1pQMaWAYZnY-00296-00076188-00076478 consumption the theories of mechanism
1pQMaWAYZnY-00297-00076479-00076685 are contradictory at high tissue
1pQMaWAYZnY-00298-00076686-00076895 concentrations ascorbic acid is
1pQMaWAYZnY-00299-00076896-00077077 described as acting as a pro-oxidant
1pQMaWAYZnY-00300-00077078-00077426 generating hydrogen peroxide h2o2 to
1pQMaWAYZnY-00301-00077427-00077723 kill tumor cells the same literature
1pQMaWAYZnY-00302-00077724-00077924 claims that ascorbic acid acts as an
1pQMaWAYZnY-00303-00077925-00078164 antioxidant thereby reducing the adverse
1pQMaWAYZnY-00304-00078165-00078362 effects of chemotherapy and radiation
1pQMaWAYZnY-00305-00078363-00078710 therapy research continues in this field
1pQMaWAYZnY-00306-00078711-00078797 but a 20
1pQMaWAYZnY-00307-00078798-00079103 14 review concluded currently the use of
1pQMaWAYZnY-00308-00079104-00079367 high-dose intravenous vitamin C as an
1pQMaWAYZnY-00309-00079368-00079595 anti-cancer agent cannot be recommended
1pQMaWAYZnY-00310-00079596-00079820 outside of a clinical trial
1pQMaWAYZnY-00311-00079821-00080162 a 2015 review added there is no
1pQMaWAYZnY-00312-00080163-00080360 high-quality evidence to suggest that a
1pQMaWAYZnY-00313-00080361-00080561 score bait supplementation in cancer
1pQMaWAYZnY-00314-00080562-00080780 patients either enhances the anti-tumor
1pQMaWAYZnY-00315-00080781-00081011 effects of chemotherapy or reduces its
1pQMaWAYZnY-00316-00081012-00081305 toxicity evidence for a score Bates
1pQMaWAYZnY-00317-00081306-00081536 anti-tumor effects was limited to case
1pQMaWAYZnY-00318-00081537-00081701 reports and observational in
1pQMaWAYZnY-00319-00081702-00082325 uncontrolled studies
1pQMaWAYZnY-00320-00082326-00082944 topic cardiovascular disease
1pQMaWAYZnY-00321-00082945-00083235 a 2013 meta-analysis found no evidence
1pQMaWAYZnY-00322-00083236-00083511 that vitamin C supplementation reduces
1pQMaWAYZnY-00323-00083512-00083777 the risk of myocardial infarction stroke
1pQMaWAYZnY-00324-00083778-00084018 cardiovascular mortality or all cause
1pQMaWAYZnY-00325-00084019-00084354 mortality however a second analysis
1pQMaWAYZnY-00326-00084355-00084527 found an inverse relationship between
1pQMaWAYZnY-00327-00084528-00084807 circulating vitamin C levels or dietary
1pQMaWAYZnY-00328-00084808-00084999 vitamin C in the risk of stroke a
1pQMaWAYZnY-00329-00085000-00085284 meta-analysis of 44 clinical trials has
1pQMaWAYZnY-00330-00085285-00085482 shown a significant positive effect of
1pQMaWAYZnY-00331-00085483-00085713 vitamin C on endothelial function when
1pQMaWAYZnY-00332-00085714-00085890 taken at doses greater than 500
1pQMaWAYZnY-00333-00085891-00086232 milligrams per day the endothelium is a
1pQMaWAYZnY-00334-00086233-00086415 layer of cells that line the interior
1pQMaWAYZnY-00335-00086416-00086754 surface of blood vessels endothelial
1pQMaWAYZnY-00336-00086755-00086922 dysfunction is implicated in many
1pQMaWAYZnY-00337-00086923-00087198 aspects of vascular diseases the
1pQMaWAYZnY-00338-00087199-00087381 researchers noted that the effect of
1pQMaWAYZnY-00339-00087382-00087603 vitamin C supplementation appeared to be
1pQMaWAYZnY-00340-00087604-00087828 dependent on health status with stronger
1pQMaWAYZnY-00341-00087829-00088002 effects in those at higher risk of
1pQMaWAYZnY-00342-00088003-00088657 cardiovascular disease
1pQMaWAYZnY-00343-00088658-00089201 topic brain function
1pQMaWAYZnY-00344-00089202-00089516 a 20-17 systematic review found lower
1pQMaWAYZnY-00345-00089517-00089756 vitamin C concentrations in people with
1pQMaWAYZnY-00346-00089757-00089926 cognitive impairment including
1pQMaWAYZnY-00347-00089927-00090050 Alzheimer's disease and dementia
1pQMaWAYZnY-00348-00090051-00090319 compared to people with normal cognition
1pQMaWAYZnY-00349-00090320-00090632 the cognitive testing however relied on
1pQMaWAYZnY-00350-00090633-00090863 the mini-mental State Examination which
1pQMaWAYZnY-00351-00090864-00091043 is only a general test of cognition
1pQMaWAYZnY-00352-00091044-00091276 indicating an overall low quality of
1pQMaWAYZnY-00353-00091277-00091421 research assessing the potential
1pQMaWAYZnY-00354-00091422-00091667 importance of vitamin C on cognition in
1pQMaWAYZnY-00355-00091668-00091943 normal and impaired people a review of
1pQMaWAYZnY-00356-00091944-00092119 nutrient status in people with
1pQMaWAYZnY-00357-00092120-00092324 Alzheimer's disease reported low plasma
1pQMaWAYZnY-00358-00092325-00092588 vitamin C but also low blood levels of
1pQMaWAYZnY-00359-00092589-00093339 folate vitamin b12 and vitamin E
1pQMaWAYZnY-00360-00093340-00093886 topic other diseases
1pQMaWAYZnY-00361-00093887-00094153 studies examining the effects of vitamin
1pQMaWAYZnY-00362-00094154-00094312 C intake on the risk of Alzheimer's
1pQMaWAYZnY-00363-00094313-00094513 disease have reached conflicting
1pQMaWAYZnY-00364-00094514-00094632 conclusions
1pQMaWAYZnY-00365-00094633-00094909 maintaining a healthy dietary intake is
1pQMaWAYZnY-00366-00094910-00095046 probably more important than
1pQMaWAYZnY-00367-00095047-00095226 supplementation for achieving any
1pQMaWAYZnY-00368-00095227-00095601 potential benefit a 2010 review found no
1pQMaWAYZnY-00369-00095602-00095830 role for vitamin C supplementation in
1pQMaWAYZnY-00370-00095831-00096069 the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis
1pQMaWAYZnY-00371-00096070-00096328 vitamin C supplementation does not
1pQMaWAYZnY-00372-00096329-00096505 prevent or slow the progression of
1pQMaWAYZnY-00373-00096506-00097177 age-related cataract
1pQMaWAYZnY-00374-00097178-00097757 topic side effects
1pQMaWAYZnY-00375-00097758-00098042 vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin
1pQMaWAYZnY-00376-00098043-00098263 with dietary excesses not absorbed and
1pQMaWAYZnY-00377-00098264-00098486 excesses in the blood rapidly excreted
1pQMaWAYZnY-00378-00098487-00098701 in the urine so it exhibits remarkably
1pQMaWAYZnY-00379-00098702-00099005 low acute toxicity more than two to
1pQMaWAYZnY-00380-00099006-00099184 three grams may cause indigestion
1pQMaWAYZnY-00381-00099185-00099380 particularly when taken on an empty
1pQMaWAYZnY-00382-00099381-00099743 stomach however taking vitamin C in the
1pQMaWAYZnY-00383-00099744-00099962 form of sodium ascorbate in calcium
1pQMaWAYZnY-00384-00099963-00100250 ascorbate may minimize this effect other
1pQMaWAYZnY-00385-00100251-00100481 symptoms reported for large doses
1pQMaWAYZnY-00386-00100482-00100700 include nausea abdominal cramps and
1pQMaWAYZnY-00387-00100701-00100988 diarrhea these effects are attributed to
1pQMaWAYZnY-00388-00100989-00101219 the osmotic effect of unabsorbed vitamin
1pQMaWAYZnY-00389-00101220-00101488 C passing through the intestine in
1pQMaWAYZnY-00390-00101489-00101750 theory high vitamin C intake may cause
1pQMaWAYZnY-00391-00101751-00102044 excessive absorption of iron a summary
1pQMaWAYZnY-00392-00102045-00102263 of reviews of supplementation in healthy
1pQMaWAYZnY-00393-00102264-00102484 subjects did not report this problem but
1pQMaWAYZnY-00394-00102485-00102667 left as untested the possibility that
1pQMaWAYZnY-00395-00102668-00102838 individuals with hereditary
1pQMaWAYZnY-00396-00102839-00103022 haemochromatosis might be adversely
1pQMaWAYZnY-00397-00103023-00103253 affected there is a long-standing belief
1pQMaWAYZnY-00398-00103254-00103405 among the mainstream medical community
1pQMaWAYZnY-00399-00103406-00103681 that vitamin C increases risk of kidney
1pQMaWAYZnY-00400-00103682-00103999 stones reports of kidney stone formation
1pQMaWAYZnY-00401-00104000-00104228 associated with excess ascorbic acid
1pQMaWAYZnY-00402-00104229-00104501 intake are limited to individuals with
1pQMaWAYZnY-00403-00104502-00104929 renal disease reviews state that data
1pQMaWAYZnY-00404-00104930-00105176 from epidemiological studies do not
1pQMaWAYZnY-00405-00105177-00105440 support an association between excess
1pQMaWAYZnY-00406-00105441-00105685 ascorbic acid intake and kidney stone
1pQMaWAYZnY-00407-00105686-00105875 formation in apparently healthy
1pQMaWAYZnY-00408-00105876-00106199 individuals although one large
1pQMaWAYZnY-00409-00106200-00106424 multi-year trial did report a nearly
1pQMaWAYZnY-00410-00106425-00106649 two-fold increase in kidney stones in
1pQMaWAYZnY-00411-00106650-00106879 men who regularly consumed a vitamin C
1pQMaWAYZnY-00412-00106880-00107477 supplement
1pQMaWAYZnY-00413-00107478-00107838 topic diet
1pQMaWAYZnY-00414-00107839-00108345 you
1pQMaWAYZnY-00415-00108346-00108973 topic recommended levels
1pQMaWAYZnY-00416-00108974-00109216 recommendations for vitamin C intake by
1pQMaWAYZnY-00417-00109217-00109445 adults have been set by various national
1pQMaWAYZnY-00418-00109446-00109808 agencies 40 milligrams per day India
1pQMaWAYZnY-00419-00109808-00109972 National Institute of nutrition
1pQMaWAYZnY-00420-00109973-00110438 Hyderabad 45 milligrams per day or 300
1pQMaWAYZnY-00421-00110439-00110615 milligrams per week the World Health
1pQMaWAYZnY-00422-00110616-00110978 Organization 80 milligrams per day the
1pQMaWAYZnY-00423-00110979-00111203 European Commission council on nutrition
1pQMaWAYZnY-00424-00111204-00111566 labeling 90 milligrams per day males and
1pQMaWAYZnY-00425-00111567-00111754 75 milligrams per day
1pQMaWAYZnY-00426-00111755-00112193 females Health Canada 2007 90 milligrams
1pQMaWAYZnY-00427-00112194-00112510 per day males and 75 milligrams per day
1pQMaWAYZnY-00428-00112511-00112603 females
1pQMaWAYZnY-00429-00112604-00112796 United States National Academy of
1pQMaWAYZnY-00430-00112797-00113213 Sciences 100 milligrams per day Japan
1pQMaWAYZnY-00431-00113214-00113381 National Institute of Health and
1pQMaWAYZnY-00432-00113382-00113789 Nutrition 110 milligrams per day males
1pQMaWAYZnY-00433-00113790-00114058 and 95 milligrams per day females
1pQMaWAYZnY-00434-00114059-00114368 European Food Safety Authority in 2000
1pQMaWAYZnY-00435-00114369-00114511 the North American Dietary Reference
1pQMaWAYZnY-00436-00114513-00114790 intake chapter on vitamin C updated the
1pQMaWAYZnY-00437-00114791-00115078 recommended dietary allowance RDA 290
1pQMaWAYZnY-00438-00115079-00115343 milligrams per day for adult men and 75
1pQMaWAYZnY-00439-00115344-00115550 milligrams per day for adult women and
1pQMaWAYZnY-00440-00115551-00115810 set a tolerable upper intake level for
1pQMaWAYZnY-00441-00115811-00116051 adults of 2,000 milligrams per day
1pQMaWAYZnY-00442-00116052-00116359 the table shows RDAs for the United
1pQMaWAYZnY-00443-00116360-00116570 States and Canada for children and for
1pQMaWAYZnY-00444-00116571-00116840 pregnant and lactating women for the
1pQMaWAYZnY-00445-00116841-00117095 European Union the EFSA set higher
1pQMaWAYZnY-00446-00117096-00117340 recommendations for adults and also for
1pQMaWAYZnY-00447-00117341-00117586 children 20 milligrams per day for ages
1pQMaWAYZnY-00448-00117588-00117890 1 to 3 30 milligrams per day for ages 4
1pQMaWAYZnY-00449-00117891-00118214 to 6 45 milligrams per day for ages 7 to
1pQMaWAYZnY-00450-00118215-00118502 10 70 milligrams per day for ages 11 to
1pQMaWAYZnY-00451-00118503-00118823 14 100 milligrams per day for males ages
1pQMaWAYZnY-00452-00118824-00119114 15 to 17 90 milligrams per day for
1pQMaWAYZnY-00453-00119115-00119552 females ages 15 to 17 for pregnancy 100
1pQMaWAYZnY-00454-00119553-00119884 milligrams per day for lactation 155
1pQMaWAYZnY-00455-00119885-00120178 milligrams per day India on the other
1pQMaWAYZnY-00456-00120179-00120413 hand has set recommendations much lower
1pQMaWAYZnY-00457-00120414-00120671 40 milligrams per day for ages 1 through
1pQMaWAYZnY-00458-00120672-00120886 adult 60 milligrams per day for
1pQMaWAYZnY-00459-00120888-00121106 pregnancy and 80 milligrams per day for
1pQMaWAYZnY-00460-00121107-00121457 lactation clearly there is not consensus
1pQMaWAYZnY-00461-00121458-00121799 among countries cigarette smokers and
1pQMaWAYZnY-00462-00121800-00122029 people exposed to secondhand smoke have
1pQMaWAYZnY-00463-00122030-00122233 lower plasma vitamin C levels than
1pQMaWAYZnY-00464-00122234-00122329 non-smokers
1pQMaWAYZnY-00465-00122330-00122570 the thinking is that inhalation of smoke
1pQMaWAYZnY-00466-00122571-00122849 causes oxidative damage depleting this
1pQMaWAYZnY-00467-00122850-00123173 antioxidant vitamin the u.s. Institute
1pQMaWAYZnY-00468-00123174-00123400 of Medicine estimated that smokers need
1pQMaWAYZnY-00469-00123401-00123668 35 milligrams more vitamin C per day
1pQMaWAYZnY-00470-00123669-00123881 than non-smokers but did not formally
1pQMaWAYZnY-00471-00123882-00124116 establish a higher our da for smokers
1pQMaWAYZnY-00472-00124117-00124390 one meta-analysis showed an inverse
1pQMaWAYZnY-00473-00124391-00124607 relationship between vitamin C intake
1pQMaWAYZnY-00474-00124608-00124810 and lung cancer although it concluded
1pQMaWAYZnY-00475-00124811-00124973 that more research is needed to confirm
1pQMaWAYZnY-00476-00124974-00125200 this observation the u.s. National
1pQMaWAYZnY-00477-00125201-00125396 Center for Health Statistics conduct
1pQMaWAYZnY-00478-00125397-00125560 biannual National Health and Nutrition
1pQMaWAYZnY-00479-00125561-00125918 Examination Survey Nhan es to assess the
1pQMaWAYZnY-00480-00125919-00126136 health and nutritional status of adults
1pQMaWAYZnY-00481-00126137-00126436 and children in the United States some
1pQMaWAYZnY-00482-00126437-00126632 results are reported as what we eat in
1pQMaWAYZnY-00483-00126633-00127009 America the 2013-2014 survey reported
1pQMaWAYZnY-00484-00127010-00127244 that for adults ages 20 years and older
1pQMaWAYZnY-00485-00127245-00127448 men consumed on average eighty three
1pQMaWAYZnY-00486-00127449-00127639 point three milligrams D in women
1pQMaWAYZnY-00487-00127640-00127958 seventy five point one milligrams D this
1pQMaWAYZnY-00488-00127958-00128147 means that half the women and more than
1pQMaWAYZnY-00489-00128148-00128353 half the men are not consuming the RDA
1pQMaWAYZnY-00490-00128354-00128689 for vitamin C the same survey stated
1pQMaWAYZnY-00491-00128690-00128914 that about 30 percent of adults reported
1pQMaWAYZnY-00492-00128915-00129122 they consumed a vitamin C dietary
1pQMaWAYZnY-00493-00129123-00129310 supplement or a multivitamin mineral
1pQMaWAYZnY-00494-00129311-00129545 supplement that included vitamin C and
1pQMaWAYZnY-00495-00129546-00129751 that for these people total consumption
1pQMaWAYZnY-00496-00129752-00130051 was between 300 and 400 milligrams D in
1pQMaWAYZnY-00497-00130052-00130324 2000 the Institute of Medicine of the US
1pQMaWAYZnY-00498-00130325-00130523 National Academy of Sciences set a
1pQMaWAYZnY-00499-00130524-00130738 tolerable upper intake level al for
1pQMaWAYZnY-00500-00130739-00131062 adults of 2,000 milligrams per day the
1pQMaWAYZnY-00501-00131063-00131287 amount was chosen because human trials
1pQMaWAYZnY-00502-00131288-00131440 had reported diarrhea and other
1pQMaWAYZnY-00503-00131441-00131684 gastrointestinal disturbances at intakes
1pQMaWAYZnY-00504-00131685-00131944 of greater than 3,000 milligrams per day
1pQMaWAYZnY-00505-00131945-00132209 this was the lowest observed adverse
1pQMaWAYZnY-00506-00132210-00132458 effect level LOL meaning that other
1pQMaWAYZnY-00507-00132459-00132647 adverse effects were observed at higher
1pQMaWAYZnY-00508-00132648-00132913 intakes the European Food Safety
1pQMaWAYZnY-00509-00132914-00133213 Authority EFSA reviewed the safety
1pQMaWAYZnY-00510-00133214-00133453 question in 2006 and reached the
1pQMaWAYZnY-00511-00133454-00133583 conclusion that there was not sufficient
1pQMaWAYZnY-00512-00133584-00133859 evidence to settle for vitamin C the
1pQMaWAYZnY-00513-00133860-00134060 Japan National Institute of Health and
1pQMaWAYZnY-00514-00134061-00134251 Nutrition reviewed the same question in
1pQMaWAYZnY-00515-00134252-00134474 2010 and also reached the conclusion
1pQMaWAYZnY-00516-00134475-00134614 that there was not sufficient evidence
1pQMaWAYZnY-00517-00134615-00135220 to settle
1pQMaWAYZnY-00518-00135221-00135763 topic food labeling
1pQMaWAYZnY-00519-00135764-00136024 for us food and dietary supplement
1pQMaWAYZnY-00520-00136025-00136213 labeling purposes the amount in a
1pQMaWAYZnY-00521-00136214-00136402 serving is expressed as a percent of
1pQMaWAYZnY-00522-00136403-00136747 daily value percent DV for vitamin C
1pQMaWAYZnY-00523-00136748-00136996 labeling purposes 100 percent of the
1pQMaWAYZnY-00524-00136997-00137241 daily value was 60 milligrams but as of
1pQMaWAYZnY-00525-00137242-00137572 May 27 2016 it was revised to 90
1pQMaWAYZnY-00526-00137573-00137764 milligrams to bring it into agreement
1pQMaWAYZnY-00527-00137765-00138061 with the RDA a table of the old and new
1pQMaWAYZnY-00528-00138062-00138279 adult daily values is provided at
1pQMaWAYZnY-00529-00138280-00138562 reference daily intake the original
1pQMaWAYZnY-00530-00138563-00138823 deadline to be in compliance was July 28
1pQMaWAYZnY-00531-00138824-00139237 2018 but on September 29 2017 the FDA
1pQMaWAYZnY-00532-00139238-00139459 released a proposed rule that extended
1pQMaWAYZnY-00533-00139460-00139716 the deadline to January 1st 2020 for
1pQMaWAYZnY-00534-00139717-00140028 large companies in January 1st 2021 for
1pQMaWAYZnY-00535-00140029-00140311 small companies European Union
1pQMaWAYZnY-00536-00140312-00140529 regulations require the labels declare
1pQMaWAYZnY-00537-00140530-00140808 energy protein fat saturated fat
1pQMaWAYZnY-00538-00140809-00141184 carbohydrates sugars and salt voluntary
1pQMaWAYZnY-00539-00141185-00141390 nutrients may be shown if present in
1pQMaWAYZnY-00540-00141391-00141661 significant amounts instead of daily
1pQMaWAYZnY-00541-00141662-00141877 values amounts are shown as percent of
1pQMaWAYZnY-00542-00141878-00141982 Reference Intakes
1pQMaWAYZnY-00543-00141983-00142408 our eyes for vitamin C 100% free was set
1pQMaWAYZnY-00544-00142409-00143116 at 80 milligrams in 2011
1pQMaWAYZnY-00545-00143117-00143641 topic sources
1pQMaWAYZnY-00546-00143642-00143881 the richest natural sources are fruits
1pQMaWAYZnY-00547-00143882-00144157 and vegetables vitamin C is the most
1pQMaWAYZnY-00548-00144158-00144382 widely taken nutritional supplement and
1pQMaWAYZnY-00549-00144383-00144577 is available in a variety of forms
1pQMaWAYZnY-00550-00144578-00144823 including tablets drink mixes and in
1pQMaWAYZnY-00551-00144824-00145372 capsules
1pQMaWAYZnY-00552-00145373-00145909 topic plant sources
1pQMaWAYZnY-00553-00145910-00146124 while plant foods are generally a good
1pQMaWAYZnY-00554-00146125-00146368 source of vitamin C the amount in foods
1pQMaWAYZnY-00555-00146369-00146557 of plant origin depends on the variety
1pQMaWAYZnY-00556-00146558-00146814 of the plant soil condition climate
1pQMaWAYZnY-00557-00146815-00147003 where it grew length of time since it
1pQMaWAYZnY-00558-00147004-00147235 was picked storage conditions and method
1pQMaWAYZnY-00559-00147236-00147516 of preparation the following table is
1pQMaWAYZnY-00560-00147517-00147697 approximate and shows the relative
1pQMaWAYZnY-00561-00147698-00147907 abundance in different raw plant sources
1pQMaWAYZnY-00562-00147908-00148227 as some plants were analyzed fresh while
1pQMaWAYZnY-00563-00148228-00148425 others were dried thus artificially
1pQMaWAYZnY-00564-00148426-00148633 increasing concentration of individual
1pQMaWAYZnY-00565-00148634-00148885 constituents like vitamin C the data are
1pQMaWAYZnY-00566-00148886-00149079 subject to potential variation and
1pQMaWAYZnY-00567-00149080-00149374 difficulties for comparison the amount
1pQMaWAYZnY-00568-00149375-00149632 is given in milligrams per 100 grams of
1pQMaWAYZnY-00569-00149633-00149797 the edible portion of the fruit or
1pQMaWAYZnY-00570-00149798-00150236 vegetable
1pQMaWAYZnY-00571-00150237-00150768 topic animal sources
1pQMaWAYZnY-00572-00150769-00151032 animal sourced foods do not provide much
1pQMaWAYZnY-00573-00151033-00151266 vitamin C and what there is is largely
1pQMaWAYZnY-00574-00151267-00151545 destroyed by the heat of cooking for
1pQMaWAYZnY-00575-00151546-00151809 example raw chicken liver contains 17
1pQMaWAYZnY-00576-00151810-00152091 point 9 milligrams 100 grams but fried
1pQMaWAYZnY-00577-00152092-00152340 the content is reduced to 2 point 7
1pQMaWAYZnY-00578-00152341-00152652 milligrams 100 grams chicken eggs
1pQMaWAYZnY-00579-00152653-00152912 contain no vitamin C raw or cooked
1pQMaWAYZnY-00580-00152913-00153183 vitamin C is present in human breast
1pQMaWAYZnY-00581-00153184-00153579 milk at 5.0 milligrams 100 grams in 6.1
1pQMaWAYZnY-00582-00153580-00153828 milligrams 100 grams in one tested
1pQMaWAYZnY-00583-00153829-00154041 sample of infant formula but cow's milk
1pQMaWAYZnY-00584-00154042-00154890 contains only 1.0 milligrams 100 grams
1pQMaWAYZnY-00585-00154891-00155458 topic food preparation
1pQMaWAYZnY-00586-00155459-00155739 vitamin C chemically decomposes under
1pQMaWAYZnY-00587-00155740-00155923 certain conditions many of which may
1pQMaWAYZnY-00588-00155924-00156237 occur during the cooking of food vitamin
1pQMaWAYZnY-00589-00156238-00156453 C concentrations in various food
1pQMaWAYZnY-00590-00156454-00156646 substances decrease with time in
1pQMaWAYZnY-00591-00156647-00156832 proportion to the temperature at which
1pQMaWAYZnY-00592-00156833-00157006 they are stored and cooking can reduce
1pQMaWAYZnY-00593-00157007-00157239 the vitamin C content of vegetables by
1pQMaWAYZnY-00594-00157240-00157483 around 60% possibly partly due to
1pQMaWAYZnY-00595-00157484-00157701 increased enzymatic destruction as it
1pQMaWAYZnY-00596-00157702-00157918 may be more significant at sub boiling
1pQMaWAYZnY-00597-00157919-00158223 temperatures longer cooking times also
1pQMaWAYZnY-00598-00158224-00158424 add to this effect as will copper food
1pQMaWAYZnY-00599-00158425-00158635 vessels which catalyze the decomposition
1pQMaWAYZnY-00600-00158636-00158881 another cause of vitamin C being lost
1pQMaWAYZnY-00601-00158882-00159066 from food is leaching where the water
1pQMaWAYZnY-00602-00159067-00159249 soluble vitamin dissolves into the
1pQMaWAYZnY-00603-00159250-00159448 cooking water which is later poured away
1pQMaWAYZnY-00604-00159449-00159585 and not consumed
1pQMaWAYZnY-00605-00159586-00159879 however vitamin C does not leach in all
1pQMaWAYZnY-00606-00159880-00160041 vegetables at the same rate
1pQMaWAYZnY-00607-00160042-00160246 research shows broccoli seems to retain
1pQMaWAYZnY-00608-00160247-00160503 more than any other research has also
1pQMaWAYZnY-00609-00160504-00160723 shown that freshly cut fruits do not
1pQMaWAYZnY-00610-00160724-00160933 lose significant nutrients when stored
1pQMaWAYZnY-00611-00160934-00161636 in the refrigerator for a few days
1pQMaWAYZnY-00612-00161637-00162183 topic supplements
1pQMaWAYZnY-00613-00162184-00162422 vitamin C dietary supplements are
1pQMaWAYZnY-00614-00162423-00162683 available as tablets capsules drink mix
1pQMaWAYZnY-00615-00162684-00162872 packets in multivitamin mineral
1pQMaWAYZnY-00616-00162873-00163158 formulations in antioxidant formulations
1pQMaWAYZnY-00617-00163159-00163487 and is crystalline powder vitamin C is
1pQMaWAYZnY-00618-00163488-00163676 also added to some fruit juices and
1pQMaWAYZnY-00619-00163677-00164024 juice drinks tablet and capsule content
1pQMaWAYZnY-00620-00164025-00164372 ranges from 25 milligrams to 1500
1pQMaWAYZnY-00621-00164373-00164660 milligrams per serving the most commonly
1pQMaWAYZnY-00622-00164661-00164864 used supplement compounds are ascorbic
1pQMaWAYZnY-00623-00164865-00165113 acid sodium ascorbate and calcium
1pQMaWAYZnY-00624-00165114-00165437 ascorbate vitamin C molecules can also
1pQMaWAYZnY-00625-00165438-00165638 be bound to the fatty acid palmitate
1pQMaWAYZnY-00626-00165639-00165887 creating a score bilal metate or else
1pQMaWAYZnY-00627-00165888-00166579 incorporated into liposomes
1pQMaWAYZnY-00628-00166580-00167171 topic food fortification
1pQMaWAYZnY-00629-00167172-00167444 in 2014 the Canadian Food Inspection
1pQMaWAYZnY-00630-00167445-00167677 Agency evaluated the effect of
1pQMaWAYZnY-00631-00167678-00167882 fortification of foods with a score bait
1pQMaWAYZnY-00632-00167883-00168091 in the guidance document foods to which
1pQMaWAYZnY-00633-00168092-00168320 vitamins mineral nutrients and amino
1pQMaWAYZnY-00634-00168321-00168635 acids may or must be added voluntary and
1pQMaWAYZnY-00635-00168636-00168850 mandatory fortification was described
1pQMaWAYZnY-00636-00168851-00169153 for various classes of foods among foods
1pQMaWAYZnY-00637-00169154-00169336 classified for mandatory fortification
1pQMaWAYZnY-00638-00169337-00169574 with vitamin C were fruit flavored
1pQMaWAYZnY-00639-00169575-00169861 drinks mixes and concentrates foods for
1pQMaWAYZnY-00640-00169862-00170065 a low energy diet meal replacement
1pQMaWAYZnY-00641-00170066-00170751 products and evaporated milk
1pQMaWAYZnY-00642-00170752-00171311 topic food additives
1pQMaWAYZnY-00643-00171312-00171572 ascorbic acid and some of its salts and
1pQMaWAYZnY-00644-00171573-00171764 esters are common additives added to
1pQMaWAYZnY-00645-00171765-00172046 various foods mostly to oxidation
1pQMaWAYZnY-00646-00172047-00172337 the relevant European food additive e
1pQMaWAYZnY-00647-00172338-00172643 numbers are III hundred ascorbic acid
1pQMaWAYZnY-00648-00172644-00172877 approved for use as a food additive in
1pQMaWAYZnY-00649-00172878-00173185 the EU US and Australia in New Zealand
1pQMaWAYZnY-00650-00173186-00173432 III hundred and one sodium ascorbate
1pQMaWAYZnY-00651-00173433-00173678 approved for use is a food additive in
1pQMaWAYZnY-00652-00173679-00173986 the EU u.s. and Australia in New Zealand
1pQMaWAYZnY-00653-00173987-00174227 III hundred and two calcium ascorbate
1pQMaWAYZnY-00654-00174228-00174479 approved for use as a food additive in
1pQMaWAYZnY-00655-00174480-00174784 the EU u.s. and Australia in New Zealand
1pQMaWAYZnY-00656-00174785-00175031 III hundred and three potassium
1pQMaWAYZnY-00657-00175032-00175250 ascorbate approved in Australia in New
1pQMaWAYZnY-00658-00175251-00175604 Zealand but not in u.s. III hundred and
1pQMaWAYZnY-00659-00175605-00175811 for fatty acid esters of ascorbic acid
1pQMaWAYZnY-00660-00175812-00176045 such as a score Bilal metate approved
1pQMaWAYZnY-00661-00176046-00176231 for use as a food additive in the EU
1pQMaWAYZnY-00662-00176232-00177010 u.s. and Australia in New Zealand
1pQMaWAYZnY-00663-00177011-00177425 topic pharmacology
1pQMaWAYZnY-00664-00177426-00177934 you
1pQMaWAYZnY-00665-00177935-00178543 topic pharmacodynamics
1pQMaWAYZnY-00666-00178544-00178840 vitamin C specifically in the form of
1pQMaWAYZnY-00667-00178841-00179014 ascorbate performs numerous
1pQMaWAYZnY-00668-00179015-00179215 physiological functions in the human
1pQMaWAYZnY-00669-00179216-00179407 body by serving as an enzyme substrate
1pQMaWAYZnY-00670-00179408-00179661 and/or cofactor in an electron donor
1pQMaWAYZnY-00671-00179662-00179950 these functions include the synthesis of
1pQMaWAYZnY-00672-00179951-00180217 collagen carnitine and neurotransmitters
1pQMaWAYZnY-00673-00180218-00180475 the synthesis and catabolism of tyrosine
1pQMaWAYZnY-00674-00180476-00180787 and the metabolism of microsomes during
1pQMaWAYZnY-00675-00180788-00181027 biosynthesis ascorbate acts as a
1pQMaWAYZnY-00676-00181028-00181279 reducing agent donating electrons and
1pQMaWAYZnY-00677-00181280-00181480 preventing oxidation to keep iron and
1pQMaWAYZnY-00678-00181481-00181743 copper atoms in their reduced states
1pQMaWAYZnY-00679-00181744-00182038 vitamin C functions is a cofactor for
1pQMaWAYZnY-00680-00182039-00182329 the following enzymes three groups of
1pQMaWAYZnY-00681-00182330-00182731 enzymes PR Oly l 3 hydroxy lasers PR Oly
1pQMaWAYZnY-00682-00182732-00182953 l 4 hydroxy lasers and lysyl hydroxylase
1pQMaWAYZnY-00683-00182954-00183163 --is that are required for the
1pQMaWAYZnY-00684-00183164-00183385 hydroxylation of prolene and lysine in
1pQMaWAYZnY-00685-00183386-00183619 the synthesis of collagen these
1pQMaWAYZnY-00686-00183620-00183847 reactions add hydroxyl groups to the
1pQMaWAYZnY-00687-00183848-00184060 amino acids proline or lysine in the
1pQMaWAYZnY-00688-00184061-00184236 collagen molecule via prolyl hydroxylase
1pQMaWAYZnY-00689-00184237-00184543 and lysyl hydroxylase both requiring
1pQMaWAYZnY-00690-00184544-00184840 vitamin c as a cofactor the role of
1pQMaWAYZnY-00691-00184841-00185104 vitamin C is a cofactor is to oxidize
1pQMaWAYZnY-00692-00185105-00185310 prolyl hydroxylase and lysyl hydroxylase
1pQMaWAYZnY-00693-00185311-00185665 from PHA 2 plus 2 PHA 3 + and to reduce
1pQMaWAYZnY-00694-00185666-00185979 it from PHA 3 plus 2 PHA 2 plus
1pQMaWAYZnY-00695-00185980-00186196 hydroxylation allows the collagen
1pQMaWAYZnY-00696-00186197-00186397 molecule to assume its triple helix
1pQMaWAYZnY-00697-00186398-00186580 structure and thus vitamin C is
1pQMaWAYZnY-00698-00186581-00186748 essential to the development and
1pQMaWAYZnY-00699-00186749-00186970 maintenance of scar tissue blood vessels
1pQMaWAYZnY-00700-00186971-00187381 and cartilage to enzymes epsilon n tri
1pQMaWAYZnY-00701-00187382-00187609 methyl l-lysine hydroxy leis and gamma
1pQMaWAYZnY-00702-00187610-00187834 Butera betaine hydroxy lays that are
1pQMaWAYZnY-00703-00187835-00188085 necessary for synthesis of carnitine
1pQMaWAYZnY-00704-00188086-00188353 carnitine is essential for the transport
1pQMaWAYZnY-00705-00188354-00188647 of fatty acids into mitochondria for ATP
1pQMaWAYZnY-00706-00188648-00188961 generation hypoxia-inducible factor
1pQMaWAYZnY-00707-00188962-00189283 prolene dioxygen aise enzymes isoforms
1pQMaWAYZnY-00708-00189284-00189802 eg l n1 e GL n2 and EG l n3 dopamine
1pQMaWAYZnY-00709-00189803-00190036 beta-hydroxy lays participates in the
1pQMaWAYZnY-00710-00190037-00190219 biosynthesis of norepinephrine from
1pQMaWAYZnY-00711-00190220-00190579 dopamine peptide eel glycine alpha Rama
1pQMaWAYZnY-00712-00190580-00190822 dating mono oxygenase AMA dates peptide
1pQMaWAYZnY-00713-00190823-00190987 hormones by removing the glyoxylate
1pQMaWAYZnY-00714-00190988-00191242 residue from the c-terminal glycine
1pQMaWAYZnY-00715-00191243-00191581 residues this increases peptide hormone
1pQMaWAYZnY-00716-00191582-00192193 stability and activity
1pQMaWAYZnY-00717-00192194-00192649 topic pharmacokinetics
1pQMaWAYZnY-00718-00192650-00193120 you
1pQMaWAYZnY-00719-00193121-00193617 topic absorption
1pQMaWAYZnY-00720-00193618-00193860 from the US National Institutes of
1pQMaWAYZnY-00721-00193861-00194229 Health in humans approximately 70% to
1pQMaWAYZnY-00722-00194230-00194547 90% of vitamin C is absorbed at moderate
1pQMaWAYZnY-00723-00194548-00194939 intakes of 30 to 180 milligrams per day
1pQMaWAYZnY-00724-00194940-00195324 however at doses above 1,000 milligrams
1pQMaWAYZnY-00725-00195325-00195579 per day absorption Falls to less than
1pQMaWAYZnY-00726-00195580-00195936 50% it is transported through the
1pQMaWAYZnY-00727-00195937-00196200 intestine via both glucose sensitive and
1pQMaWAYZnY-00728-00196201-00196434 glucose insensitive mechanisms so the
1pQMaWAYZnY-00729-00196435-00196641 presence of large quantities of sugar in
1pQMaWAYZnY-00730-00196642-00196773 the intestine can slow absorption
1pQMaWAYZnY-00731-00196774-00197058 ascorbic acid is absorbed in the body by
1pQMaWAYZnY-00732-00197059-00197244 both active transport and simple
1pQMaWAYZnY-00733-00197245-00197523 diffusion sodium dependent active
1pQMaWAYZnY-00734-00197524-00197775 transport sodium ascorbate Co
1pQMaWAYZnY-00735-00197776-00198033 transporters SVC teas and hexose
1pQMaWAYZnY-00736-00198034-00198255 transporters glutes are the two
1pQMaWAYZnY-00737-00198256-00198486 transporter proteins required for active
1pQMaWAYZnY-00738-00198487-00198930 absorption SVC t1 and SVC tea to import
1pQMaWAYZnY-00739-00198931-00199128 the reduced form of a score beta cross
1pQMaWAYZnY-00740-00199129-00199581 plasma membranes glut1 and Glu t3 are
1pQMaWAYZnY-00741-00199582-00199803 glucose transporters and transfer only
1pQMaWAYZnY-00742-00199804-00200100 the dehydroascorbic acid DHA form of
1pQMaWAYZnY-00743-00200101-00200271 vitamin C although dehydroascorbic acid
1pQMaWAYZnY-00744-00200272-00200490 is absorbed in higher rate than
1pQMaWAYZnY-00745-00200491-00200691 ascorbate the amount of dehydroascorbic
1pQMaWAYZnY-00746-00200692-00200955 acid found in plasma and tissues under
1pQMaWAYZnY-00747-00200956-00201147 normal conditions is low as cells
1pQMaWAYZnY-00748-00201148-00201408 rapidly reduce dehydroascorbic acid to a
1pQMaWAYZnY-00749-00201409-00201950 score bait
1pQMaWAYZnY-00750-00201951-00202451 topic transport
1pQMaWAYZnY-00751-00202452-00202697 SVC tees appear to be the predominant
1pQMaWAYZnY-00752-00202698-00202954 system for vitamin C transport in the
1pQMaWAYZnY-00753-00202955-00203168 body the notable exception being red
1pQMaWAYZnY-00754-00203169-00203435 blood cells which lose SVC t proteins
1pQMaWAYZnY-00755-00203436-00203753 during maturation in both vitamin C
1pQMaWAYZnY-00756-00203754-00204004 synthesizes example rat and non
1pQMaWAYZnY-00757-00204005-00204272 synthesizers example human cells with
1pQMaWAYZnY-00758-00204273-00204490 few exceptions maintain ascorbic acid
1pQMaWAYZnY-00759-00204491-00204683 concentrations much higher than the
1pQMaWAYZnY-00760-00204684-00204910 approximately 50 micro moles per liter
1pQMaWAYZnY-00761-00204911-00205261 micro mole per liter found in plasma for
1pQMaWAYZnY-00762-00205262-00205498 example the ascorbic acid content of
1pQMaWAYZnY-00763-00205500-00205717 pituitary and adrenal glands can exceed
1pQMaWAYZnY-00764-00205719-00206000 2000 micro mole per liter and muscle is
1pQMaWAYZnY-00765-00206001-00206381 at 200 to 300 micro mole per liter the
1pQMaWAYZnY-00766-00206382-00206606 known co enzymatic functions of ascorbic
1pQMaWAYZnY-00767-00206607-00206773 acid do not require such high
1pQMaWAYZnY-00768-00206775-00207002 concentrations so there may be other as
1pQMaWAYZnY-00769-00207003-00207329 yet unknown functions consequences of
1pQMaWAYZnY-00770-00207330-00207527 all this organ content is that plasma
1pQMaWAYZnY-00771-00207528-00207731 vitamin C is not a good indicator of
1pQMaWAYZnY-00772-00207732-00207991 whole body status and people may vary in
1pQMaWAYZnY-00773-00207992-00208148 the amount of time needed to show
1pQMaWAYZnY-00774-00208148-00208376 symptoms of deficiency when consuming a
1pQMaWAYZnY-00775-00208377-00209034 diet very low in vitamin C
1pQMaWAYZnY-00776-00209035-00209533 topic excretion
1pQMaWAYZnY-00777-00209534-00209815 excretion can be as ascorbic acid via
1pQMaWAYZnY-00778-00209816-00210100 urine in humans during times of low
1pQMaWAYZnY-00779-00210101-00210337 dietary intake vitamin C is reabsorbed
1pQMaWAYZnY-00780-00210338-00210667 by the kidneys rather than excreted only
1pQMaWAYZnY-00781-00210667-00210925 when plasma concentrations are 1.4
1pQMaWAYZnY-00782-00210926-00211156 milligrams per deciliter or higher does
1pQMaWAYZnY-00783-00211157-00211344 reabsorption decline in the excess
1pQMaWAYZnY-00784-00211346-00211644 amounts pass freely into the urine this
1pQMaWAYZnY-00785-00211646-00211840 salvage process delays onset of
1pQMaWAYZnY-00786-00211841-00212146 deficiency ascorbic acid also converts
1pQMaWAYZnY-00787-00212146-00212461 reversibly to dehydroascorbic DHA and
1pQMaWAYZnY-00788-00212462-00212746 from that compound non reversibly 2 to 3
1pQMaWAYZnY-00789-00212746-00213034 Dyk to gluon 8 and then oxalate these
1pQMaWAYZnY-00790-00213035-00213265 three compounds are also excreted via
1pQMaWAYZnY-00791-00213266-00213523 urine humans are better than guinea pigs
1pQMaWAYZnY-00792-00213523-00213760 at converting DHA back to a scorer bait
1pQMaWAYZnY-00793-00213761-00213931 and thus take much longer to become
1pQMaWAYZnY-00794-00213932-00214612 vitamin C deficient
1pQMaWAYZnY-00795-00214613-00215157 topic chemistry
1pQMaWAYZnY-00796-00215158-00215559 the name vitamin C always refers to the
1pQMaWAYZnY-00797-00215560-00215775 L enantiomer of ascorbic acid and it's
1pQMaWAYZnY-00798-00215776-00216029 oxidized forms such as dehydroascorbic
1pQMaWAYZnY-00799-00216030-00216425 DHA therefore unless written otherwise
1pQMaWAYZnY-00800-00216426-00216909 ascorbate and ascorbic acid refer in the
1pQMaWAYZnY-00801-00216910-00217119 nutritional literature to l ascorbate
1pQMaWAYZnY-00802-00217120-00217370 and L ascorbic acid respectively
1pQMaWAYZnY-00803-00217371-00217612 ascorbic acid is a weak sugar acid
1pQMaWAYZnY-00804-00217613-00217878 structurally related to glucose in
1pQMaWAYZnY-00805-00217879-00218154 biological systems ascorbic acid can be
1pQMaWAYZnY-00806-00218155-00218413 found only a low pH but in solutions
1pQMaWAYZnY-00807-00218414-00218676 above pH v is predominantly found in the
1pQMaWAYZnY-00808-00218677-00218985 ionized form ascorbate all of these
1pQMaWAYZnY-00809-00218986-00219234 molecules have vitamin c activity and
1pQMaWAYZnY-00810-00219235-00219439 thus are used synonymously with vitamin
1pQMaWAYZnY-00811-00219440-00219804 c unless otherwise specified numerous
1pQMaWAYZnY-00812-00219805-00220002 analytical methods have been developed
1pQMaWAYZnY-00813-00220003-00220296 for ascorbic acid detection for example
1pQMaWAYZnY-00814-00220297-00220564 vitamin C content of a food sample such
1pQMaWAYZnY-00815-00220565-00220749 as fruit juice can be calculated by
1pQMaWAYZnY-00816-00220750-00220905 measuring the volume of the sample
1pQMaWAYZnY-00817-00220906-00221118 required to decolorize a solution of
1pQMaWAYZnY-00818-00221119-00221382 dichloro phenol in different DCP IP and
1pQMaWAYZnY-00819-00221383-00221559 then calibrating the results by
1pQMaWAYZnY-00820-00221560-00221772 comparison with a known concentration of
1pQMaWAYZnY-00821-00221773-00222367 vitamin c
1pQMaWAYZnY-00822-00222369-00222973 topic testing for levels
1pQMaWAYZnY-00823-00222973-00223204 simple tests are available to measure
1pQMaWAYZnY-00824-00223205-00223423 the levels of vitamin C in the urine and
1pQMaWAYZnY-00825-00223423-00223596 in serum or blood plasma
1pQMaWAYZnY-00826-00223596-00223879 however these reflect recent dietary
1pQMaWAYZnY-00827-00223880-00224152 intake rather than total body content it
1pQMaWAYZnY-00828-00224153-00224356 has been observed that while serum or
1pQMaWAYZnY-00829-00224357-00224548 blood plasma concentrations follow a
1pQMaWAYZnY-00830-00224548-00224757 circadian rhythm or reflect short-term
1pQMaWAYZnY-00831-00224758-00225016 dietary impact content within tissues is
1pQMaWAYZnY-00832-00225017-00225202 more stable and can give a better view
1pQMaWAYZnY-00833-00225203-00225412 of the availability of ascorbate within
1pQMaWAYZnY-00834-00225413-00225708 the entire organism however very few
1pQMaWAYZnY-00835-00225709-00225921 Hospital laboratories are adequately
1pQMaWAYZnY-00836-00225923-00226119 equipped and trained to carry out such
1pQMaWAYZnY-00837-00226121-00226778 detailed analyses
1pQMaWAYZnY-00838-00226779-00227376 topic biosynthesis
1pQMaWAYZnY-00839-00227377-00227642 the vast majority of animals and plants
1pQMaWAYZnY-00840-00227644-00227873 are able to synthesize vitamin C through
1pQMaWAYZnY-00841-00227875-00228105 a sequence of enzyme driven steps which
1pQMaWAYZnY-00842-00228106-00228327 convert monosaccharides to vitamin c
1pQMaWAYZnY-00843-00228328-00228558 yeasts do not make l-ascorbic acid but
1pQMaWAYZnY-00844-00228559-00228777 rather its stereoisomer arathor Bakr
1pQMaWAYZnY-00845-00228778-00228948 Sidon plants this is accomplished
1pQMaWAYZnY-00846-00228948-00229113 through the conversion of Manos or
1pQMaWAYZnY-00847-00229114-00229353 galactose to resk orbic acid in animals
1pQMaWAYZnY-00848-00229354-00229694 the starting material is glucose in some
1pQMaWAYZnY-00849-00229696-00229923 species that synthesize a score bait in
1pQMaWAYZnY-00850-00229923-00230130 the liver including mammals and perching
1pQMaWAYZnY-00851-00230131-00230331 birds the glucose is extracted from
1pQMaWAYZnY-00852-00230332-00230571 glycogen ascorbate synthesis is a
1pQMaWAYZnY-00853-00230571-00230867 glycogenolysis dependent process in
1pQMaWAYZnY-00854-00230869-00231135 animals that cannot synthesize vitamin c
1pQMaWAYZnY-00855-00231136-00231402 the enzyme el gouna lactone oxidase d
1pQMaWAYZnY-00856-00231403-00231660 ulo that catalyzes the last step in the
1pQMaWAYZnY-00857-00231661-00231894 biosynthesis is highly mutated and
1pQMaWAYZnY-00858-00231894-00232477 non-functional
1pQMaWAYZnY-00859-00232478-00233037 topic animal pathway
1pQMaWAYZnY-00860-00233038-00233316 the biosynthesis of ascorbic acid in
1pQMaWAYZnY-00861-00233317-00233555 vertebrates starts with the formation of
1pQMaWAYZnY-00862-00233556-00233958 udp-glucose acid udp-glucose onic acid
1pQMaWAYZnY-00863-00233959-00234225 is formed when udp-glucose undergoes two
1pQMaWAYZnY-00864-00234226-00234452 oxidations catalyzed by the enzyme
1pQMaWAYZnY-00865-00234453-00234800 udp-glucose sixty hydrogen a's
1pQMaWAYZnY-00866-00234801-00235089 udp-glucose 60 hydrogen a's uses the
1pQMaWAYZnY-00867-00235090-00235292 cofactor nad plus as the electron
1pQMaWAYZnY-00868-00235294-00235644 acceptor the transferase UDP gluconate
1pQMaWAYZnY-00869-00235644-00235844 pyrrha phosphorylase removes a ramp and
1pQMaWAYZnY-00870-00235846-00236112 gluco no kinase with the cofactor adp
1pQMaWAYZnY-00871-00236113-00236352 removes the final phosphate leading to d
1pQMaWAYZnY-00872-00236353-00236661 glucuronic acid the aldehyde group of
1pQMaWAYZnY-00873-00236662-00236871 this compound is reduced to a primary
1pQMaWAYZnY-00874-00236871-00237090 alcohol using the enzyme gluconate
1pQMaWAYZnY-00875-00237091-00237333 reductase and the cofactor NADPH
1pQMaWAYZnY-00876-00237334-00237675 yielding L colonic acid this is followed
1pQMaWAYZnY-00877-00237676-00237891 by lactone formation with the hydrolase
1pQMaWAYZnY-00878-00237892-00238107 glucan Alecto nays between the carbonyl
1pQMaWAYZnY-00879-00238108-00238506 on c1 and hydroxyl group on c4 l gulen
1pQMaWAYZnY-00880-00238507-00238655 electone then reacts with oxygen
1pQMaWAYZnY-00881-00238656-00238896 catalyzed by the enzyme l gulen a
1pQMaWAYZnY-00882-00238896-00239109 lactone oxidase which is non functional
1pQMaWAYZnY-00883-00239110-00239316 in humans and other haplorhini primates
1pQMaWAYZnY-00884-00239317-00239652 and the cofactor fad plus this reaction
1pQMaWAYZnY-00885-00239653-00239916 produces two oxygen a lactone two keto
1pQMaWAYZnY-00886-00239917-00240117 gulen a lactone which spontaneously
1pQMaWAYZnY-00887-00240117-00240330 undergoes analyzation to form ascorbic
1pQMaWAYZnY-00888-00240331-00240561 acid some mammals have lost the ability
1pQMaWAYZnY-00889-00240562-00240783 to synthesize vitamin c including
1pQMaWAYZnY-00890-00240784-00240998 simians and tarsiers which together make
1pQMaWAYZnY-00891-00241000-00241223 up one of two major primate sub orders
1pQMaWAYZnY-00892-00241225-00241308 haplorhini
1pQMaWAYZnY-00893-00241309-00241632 this group includes humans the other
1pQMaWAYZnY-00894-00241633-00241863 more primitive primates structure and I
1pQMaWAYZnY-00895-00241864-00242064 have the ability to make vitamin C
1pQMaWAYZnY-00896-00242065-00242265 synthesis does not occur in most bats
1pQMaWAYZnY-00897-00242266-00242457 nor in species in the rodent family
1pQMaWAYZnY-00898-00242458-00242706 caviar die that includes guinea pigs and
1pQMaWAYZnY-00899-00242707-00242880 capybaras but does occur in other
1pQMaWAYZnY-00900-00242881-00243141 rodents including rats and mice reptiles
1pQMaWAYZnY-00901-00243142-00243351 and older orders of birds make ascorbic
1pQMaWAYZnY-00902-00243352-00243660 acid in their kidneys recent orders of
1pQMaWAYZnY-00903-00243661-00243858 birds and most mammals make ascorbic
1pQMaWAYZnY-00904-00243859-00244146 acid in their liver a number of species
1pQMaWAYZnY-00905-00244146-00244346 of passerine birds also do not
1pQMaWAYZnY-00906-00244348-00244569 synthesize but not all of them and those
1pQMaWAYZnY-00907-00244569-00244728 that do not are not clearly related
1pQMaWAYZnY-00908-00244729-00244938 there is a theory that the ability was
1pQMaWAYZnY-00909-00244939-00245127 lost separately a number of times in
1pQMaWAYZnY-00910-00245128-00245436 birds in particular the ability to
1pQMaWAYZnY-00911-00245437-00245664 synthesize vitamin c is presumed to have
1pQMaWAYZnY-00912-00245665-00245880 been lost and then later reacquired in
1pQMaWAYZnY-00913-00245881-00246162 at least two cases the ability to
1pQMaWAYZnY-00914-00246163-00246396 synthesize vitamin c has also been lost
1pQMaWAYZnY-00915-00246396-00246427 in
1pQMaWAYZnY-00916-00246428-00246730 about 96% of fish the teleosts most
1pQMaWAYZnY-00917-00246731-00246969 tested families of bats order carretera
1pQMaWAYZnY-00918-00246971-00247204 including major insect and fruit eating
1pQMaWAYZnY-00919-00247205-00247462 bat families cannot synthesize vitamin c
1pQMaWAYZnY-00920-00247463-00247648 a trace of guellen-- a lactone oxidase
1pQMaWAYZnY-00921-00247648-00247891 was detected in only one of 34 bat
1pQMaWAYZnY-00922-00247892-00248125 species tested across the range of six
1pQMaWAYZnY-00923-00248126-00248401 families of bats tested there are at
1pQMaWAYZnY-00924-00248402-00248605 least two species of bats frugivorous
1pQMaWAYZnY-00925-00248606-00248830 bat browse at a sessional TI and
1pQMaWAYZnY-00926-00248831-00249042 insectivorous bat PIPA Sedaris are
1pQMaWAYZnY-00927-00249044-00249246 mature that retain or regained their
1pQMaWAYZnY-00928-00249248-00249487 ability of vitamin c production some of
1pQMaWAYZnY-00929-00249488-00249715 these species including humans are able
1pQMaWAYZnY-00930-00249716-00249873 to make do with the lower levels
1pQMaWAYZnY-00931-00249875-00250087 available from their diets by recycling
1pQMaWAYZnY-00932-00250088-00250351 oxidized vitamin C most simians consume
1pQMaWAYZnY-00933-00250352-00250561 the vitamin in amounts 10 to 20 times
1pQMaWAYZnY-00934-00250562-00250717 higher than that recommended by
1pQMaWAYZnY-00935-00250717-00251004 governments for humans this discrepancy
1pQMaWAYZnY-00936-00251005-00251239 constitutes much of the basis of the
1pQMaWAYZnY-00937-00251240-00251404 controversy on current recommended
1pQMaWAYZnY-00938-00251405-00251719 dietary allowances it is counted by
1pQMaWAYZnY-00939-00251719-00251935 arguments that humans are very good at
1pQMaWAYZnY-00940-00251936-00252154 conserving dietary vitamin C and are
1pQMaWAYZnY-00941-00252155-00252331 able to maintain blood levels of vitamin
1pQMaWAYZnY-00942-00252332-00252567 C comparable with simians on a far
1pQMaWAYZnY-00943-00252569-00252784 smaller dietary intake perhaps by
1pQMaWAYZnY-00944-00252785-00253496 recycling oxidized vitamin C
1pQMaWAYZnY-00945-00253496-00254069 topic plant pathways
1pQMaWAYZnY-00946-00254069-00254303 there are many different biosynthesis
1pQMaWAYZnY-00947-00254304-00254542 pathways for ascorbic acid in plants
1pQMaWAYZnY-00948-00254544-00254794 most of these pathways are derived from
1pQMaWAYZnY-00949-00254796-00255017 products found in glycolysis and other
1pQMaWAYZnY-00950-00255017-00255371 pathways for example one pathway goes
1pQMaWAYZnY-00951-00255371-00255658 through the plant cell wall polymers the
1pQMaWAYZnY-00952-00255659-00255880 plant ascorbic acid biosynthesis pathway
1pQMaWAYZnY-00953-00255881-00256265 most principal seems to be L galactose L
1pQMaWAYZnY-00954-00256266-00256480 galactose reacts with the enzyme l
1pQMaWAYZnY-00955-00256481-00256688 galactose dehydrogenase whereby the
1pQMaWAYZnY-00956-00256689-00256921 lactone ring opens and forms again but
1pQMaWAYZnY-00957-00256923-00257123 with between the carbonyl on c1 and
1pQMaWAYZnY-00958-00257123-00257383 hydroxyl group on the c-4 resulting in l
1pQMaWAYZnY-00959-00257384-00257659 galacto 'no lactone l galacto 'no
1pQMaWAYZnY-00960-00257660-00257809 lactone then reacts with the
1pQMaWAYZnY-00961-00257810-00258038 mitochondrial flavor enzyme l galacto
1pQMaWAYZnY-00962-00258039-00258229 'no lactone dehydrogenase to produce
1pQMaWAYZnY-00963-00258230-00258571 ascorbic acid l-ascorbic acid has a
1pQMaWAYZnY-00964-00258573-00258769 negative feedback on l galactose
1pQMaWAYZnY-00965-00258771-00259115 dehydrogenase in spinach ascorbic acid
1pQMaWAYZnY-00966-00259116-00259378 efflux by embryo of dicots plants is a
1pQMaWAYZnY-00967-00259379-00259555 well-established mechanism of iron
1pQMaWAYZnY-00968-00259556-00259780 reduction and a step obligatory for iron
1pQMaWAYZnY-00969-00259781-00260003 uptake all plants synthesize ascorbic
1pQMaWAYZnY-00970-00260004-00260308 acid ascorbic acid functions as a
1pQMaWAYZnY-00971-00260309-00260508 cofactor for enzymes involved in
1pQMaWAYZnY-00972-00260509-00260728 photosynthesis synthesis of plant
1pQMaWAYZnY-00973-00260729-00260966 hormones as an antioxidant and also
1pQMaWAYZnY-00974-00260967-00261307 regenerator of other antioxidants plants
1pQMaWAYZnY-00975-00261308-00261515 use multiple pathways to synthesize
1pQMaWAYZnY-00976-00261516-00261752 vitamin c the major pathway starts with
1pQMaWAYZnY-00977-00261753-00262013 glucose fructose or mannose all simple
1pQMaWAYZnY-00978-00262014-00262253 sugars and proceeds to l galactose l
1pQMaWAYZnY-00979-00262254-00262489 galacto 'no lactone and ascorbic acid
1pQMaWAYZnY-00980-00262490-00262796 there is feedback regulation in place in
1pQMaWAYZnY-00981-00262797-00262928 that the presence of ascorbic acid
1pQMaWAYZnY-00982-00262929-00263158 inhibits enzymes in the synthesis
1pQMaWAYZnY-00983-00263159-00263474 pathway this process follows a diurnal
1pQMaWAYZnY-00984-00263475-00263710 rhythm so that enzyme expression peaks
1pQMaWAYZnY-00985-00263711-00263921 in the morning to support biosynthesis
1pQMaWAYZnY-00986-00263922-00264146 later on when midday sunlight intensity
1pQMaWAYZnY-00987-00264147-00264313 demands high ascorbic acid
1pQMaWAYZnY-00988-00264314-00264628 concentrations minor pathways may be
1pQMaWAYZnY-00989-00264629-00264845 specific to certain parts of plants
1pQMaWAYZnY-00990-00264846-00265040 these can be either identical to the
1pQMaWAYZnY-00991-00265041-00265228 vertebrate pathway including the glow
1pQMaWAYZnY-00992-00265229-00265448 enzyme or start with an O so tall and
1pQMaWAYZnY-00993-00265449-00265681 get to ascorbic acid via Elgg electronic
1pQMaWAYZnY-00994-00265682-00266367 acid - alga lactone electone
1pQMaWAYZnY-00995-00266368-00266894 topic evolution
1pQMaWAYZnY-00996-00266895-00267141 ascorbic acid is a common enzymatic
1pQMaWAYZnY-00997-00267142-00267336 cofactor in mammals used in the
1pQMaWAYZnY-00998-00267337-00267519 synthesis of collagen as well as a
1pQMaWAYZnY-00999-00267520-00267723 powerful reducing agent capable of
1pQMaWAYZnY-01000-00267724-00267936 rapidly scavenging a number of reactive
1pQMaWAYZnY-01001-00267937-00268263 oxygen species Bruce given that a score
1pQMaWAYZnY-01002-00268264-00268497 bait has these important functions it is
1pQMaWAYZnY-01003-00268498-00268638 surprising that the ability to
1pQMaWAYZnY-01004-00268639-00268854 synthesize this molecule has not always
1pQMaWAYZnY-01005-00268855-00269166 been conserved in fact anthropoid
1pQMaWAYZnY-01006-00269167-00269409 primates Cavia porcellus guinea pigs
1pQMaWAYZnY-01007-00269410-00269700 teleost fishes most bats and some passer
1pQMaWAYZnY-01008-00269701-00269907 eform birds have all independently lost
1pQMaWAYZnY-01009-00269908-00270102 the ability to internally synthesize
1pQMaWAYZnY-01010-00270103-00270294 vitamin c in either the kidney or the
1pQMaWAYZnY-01011-00270295-00270600 liver in all of the cases where genomic
1pQMaWAYZnY-01012-00270601-00270773 analysis was done on in ascorbic acid
1pQMaWAYZnY-01013-00270774-00271023 auxotrophs the origin of the change was
1pQMaWAYZnY-01014-00271024-00271190 found to be a result of loss of function
1pQMaWAYZnY-01015-00271191-00271431 mutations in the gene that codes for El
1pQMaWAYZnY-01016-00271432-00271686 Gallo no Gama lactone oxidase the enzyme
1pQMaWAYZnY-01017-00271687-00271878 that catalyzes the last step of the
1pQMaWAYZnY-01018-00271879-00272193 ascorbic acid pathway outlined above one
1pQMaWAYZnY-01019-00272194-00272397 explanation for the repeated loss of the
1pQMaWAYZnY-01020-00272398-00272622 ability to synthesize vitamin c is that
1pQMaWAYZnY-01021-00272623-00272796 it was the result of genetic drift
1pQMaWAYZnY-01022-00272797-00272994 assuming that the diet was rich in
1pQMaWAYZnY-01023-00272995-00273213 vitamin c natural selection would not
1pQMaWAYZnY-01024-00273214-00273399 act to preserve it in the case of the
1pQMaWAYZnY-01025-00273400-00273582 simians it is thought that the loss of
1pQMaWAYZnY-01026-00273583-00273792 the ability to make vitamin c may have
1pQMaWAYZnY-01027-00273793-00273927 occurred much farther back in
1pQMaWAYZnY-01028-00273928-00274128 evolutionary history than the emergence
1pQMaWAYZnY-01029-00274129-00274326 of humans or even apes since it
1pQMaWAYZnY-01030-00274327-00274491 evidently occurred soon after the
1pQMaWAYZnY-01031-00274492-00274686 appearance of the first primates yet
1pQMaWAYZnY-01032-00274687-00274851 sometime after the split of early
1pQMaWAYZnY-01033-00274852-00275055 primates into the two major sub orders
1pQMaWAYZnY-01034-00275056-00275124 haplorhini
1pQMaWAYZnY-01035-00275125-00275325 which cannot make vitamin c and its
1pQMaWAYZnY-01036-00275326-00275496 sister sub order of non tarsier
1pQMaWAYZnY-01037-00275497-00275819 prosimians the strepsirrhine i wet-nosed
1pQMaWAYZnY-01038-00275820-00276069 primates which retained the ability to
1pQMaWAYZnY-01039-00276070-00276294 make vitamin c according to molecular
1pQMaWAYZnY-01040-00276295-00276519 clock dating these two sub order primate
1pQMaWAYZnY-01041-00276520-00276807 branches parted ways about 63 to 60
1pQMaWAYZnY-01042-00276808-00277131 million years ago approximately 3 to 5
1pQMaWAYZnY-01043-00277132-00277383 million years later 58 million years ago
1pQMaWAYZnY-01044-00277384-00277590 only a short time afterward from an
1pQMaWAYZnY-01045-00277591-00277788 evolutionary perspective the infraorder
1pQMaWAYZnY-01046-00277789-00278004 tarsiiformes whose only remaining family
1pQMaWAYZnY-01047-00278005-00278223 is that of the tarsier tarsier die
1pQMaWAYZnY-01048-00278224-00278450 branched off from the other hap Lorenz
1pQMaWAYZnY-01049-00278451-00278751 since tarsiers also cannot make vitamin
1pQMaWAYZnY-01050-00278752-00278970 c this implies the mutation had already
1pQMaWAYZnY-01051-00278971-00279153 occurred and thus must have occurred
1pQMaWAYZnY-01052-00279154-00279465 between these two marker points 63 to 58
1pQMaWAYZnY-01053-00279466-00279675 million years ago it has also been noted
1pQMaWAYZnY-01054-00279676-00279831 that the loss of the ability to
1pQMaWAYZnY-01055-00279832-00280008 synthesize a score bate strikingly
1pQMaWAYZnY-01056-00280009-00280206 parallels the inability to breakdown
1pQMaWAYZnY-01057-00280207-00280266 Eureka
1pQMaWAYZnY-01058-00280267-00280526 said also a characteristic of primates
1pQMaWAYZnY-01059-00280527-00280821 uric acid and ascorbate are both strong
1pQMaWAYZnY-01060-00280822-00281079 reducing agents this has led to the
1pQMaWAYZnY-01061-00281080-00281325 suggestion that in higher primates uric
1pQMaWAYZnY-01062-00281326-00281493 acid has taken over some of the
1pQMaWAYZnY-01063-00281494-00282151 functions of ascorbate
1pQMaWAYZnY-01064-00282152-00282784 topic industrial synthesis
1pQMaWAYZnY-01065-00282785-00283078 vitamin C is produced from glucose by
1pQMaWAYZnY-01066-00283079-00283357 two main routes the Reich Stein process
1pQMaWAYZnY-01067-00283358-00283675 developed in the 1930s uses a single pre
1pQMaWAYZnY-01068-00283676-00283852 fermentation followed by a purely
1pQMaWAYZnY-01069-00283853-00284131 chemical route the modern two-step
1pQMaWAYZnY-01070-00284132-00284338 fermentation process originally
1pQMaWAYZnY-01071-00284339-00284626 developed in China in the 1960s uses
1pQMaWAYZnY-01072-00284627-00284839 additional fermentation to replace part
1pQMaWAYZnY-01073-00284840-00285127 of the later chemical stages the Reich
1pQMaWAYZnY-01074-00285128-00285343 Stein process and the modern two-step
1pQMaWAYZnY-01075-00285344-00285583 fermentation processes use sorbitol as
1pQMaWAYZnY-01076-00285584-00285781 the starting material and convert it to
1pQMaWAYZnY-01077-00285782-00286111 psorbos using fermentation the modern
1pQMaWAYZnY-01078-00286112-00286324 two-step fermentation process then
1pQMaWAYZnY-01079-00286325-00286552 converts psorbos to KGA through another
1pQMaWAYZnY-01080-00286553-00286783 fermentation step avoiding an extra
1pQMaWAYZnY-01081-00286784-00287086 intermediate both processes yield
1pQMaWAYZnY-01082-00287087-00287356 approximately 60% vitamin C from the
1pQMaWAYZnY-01083-00287357-00287545 glucose feed world production of
1pQMaWAYZnY-01084-00287546-00287785 synthesized vitamin C was estimated at
1pQMaWAYZnY-01085-00287786-00288088 approximately 110,000 tons annually in
1pQMaWAYZnY-01086-00288089-00288436 2000 traditionally the main producers
1pQMaWAYZnY-01087-00288437-00288760 were BASF Takeda DSM Merck and the China
1pQMaWAYZnY-01088-00288761-00288958 pharmaceutical group Limited of the
1pQMaWAYZnY-01089-00288959-00289339 People's Republic of China by 2008 only
1pQMaWAYZnY-01090-00289340-00289543 the dsm plant in Scotland remained
1pQMaWAYZnY-01091-00289544-00289747 operational outside of China because of
1pQMaWAYZnY-01092-00289748-00289954 the strong price competition from China
1pQMaWAYZnY-01093-00289955-00290167 the world price of vitamin C rose
1pQMaWAYZnY-01094-00290168-00290455 sharply in 2008 partly as a result of
1pQMaWAYZnY-01095-00290456-00290707 rises in basic food prices but also in
1pQMaWAYZnY-01096-00290708-00290899 anticipation of a stoppage of the two
1pQMaWAYZnY-01097-00290900-00291172 Chinese plants situated at shi Jia Jian
1pQMaWAYZnY-01098-00291173-00291346 near Beijing as part of a general
1pQMaWAYZnY-01099-00291347-00291574 shutdown of polluting industry in China
1pQMaWAYZnY-01100-00291575-00291828 over the period of the Olympic Games
1pQMaWAYZnY-01101-00291829-00292072 production resumed after the Olympics
1pQMaWAYZnY-01102-00292073-00292318 but then five Chinese manufacturers met
1pQMaWAYZnY-01103-00292319-00292594 in 2010 among a northeast pharmaceutical
1pQMaWAYZnY-01104-00292595-00292792 group and North China pharmaceutical
1pQMaWAYZnY-01105-00292793-00292975 group and agreed to temporarily stop
1pQMaWAYZnY-01106-00292976-00293194 production in order to maintain prices
1pQMaWAYZnY-01107-00293195-00293503 in 2011 an American suit was filed
1pQMaWAYZnY-01108-00293504-00293737 against four Chinese companies that
1pQMaWAYZnY-01109-00293738-00293932 allegedly colluded to limit production
1pQMaWAYZnY-01110-00293933-00294136 and fix prices of vitamin C in the
1pQMaWAYZnY-01111-00294137-00294451 United States the companies did not deny
1pQMaWAYZnY-01112-00294452-00294679 the accusation but say in their defense
1pQMaWAYZnY-01113-00294680-00294853 that the Chinese government compelled
1pQMaWAYZnY-01114-00294854-00295207 him to act in this way in January 2012 a
1pQMaWAYZnY-01115-00295208-00295387 United States judge ruled that the
1pQMaWAYZnY-01116-00295388-00295618 Chinese companies can be sued in the US
1pQMaWAYZnY-01117-00295619-00295927 by buyers acting as a group a verdict
1pQMaWAYZnY-01118-00295928-00296160 was reached in March 2013 in
1pQMaWAYZnY-01119-00296161-00296385 one hundred and forty seven point eight
1pQMaWAYZnY-01120-00296386-00296521 million dollars fine
1pQMaWAYZnY-01121-00296522-00296799 this verdict was reversed by the second
1pQMaWAYZnY-01122-00296800-00297024 US Circuit Court of Appeals in New York
1pQMaWAYZnY-01123-00297025-00297210 on the grounds that China formerly
1pQMaWAYZnY-01124-00297211-00297405 advised the court that its laws required
1pQMaWAYZnY-01125-00297406-00297619 the vitamin C makers to violate the
1pQMaWAYZnY-01126-00297620-00297960 Sherman Act a US antitrust law in June
1pQMaWAYZnY-01127-00297961-00298260 2017 the US Supreme Court announced that
1pQMaWAYZnY-01128-00298261-00298431 it would consider an appeal filed to
1pQMaWAYZnY-01129-00298432-00299127 reverse the lower court decision
1pQMaWAYZnY-01130-00299128-00299499 topic history
1pQMaWAYZnY-01131-00299500-00300007 you
1pQMaWAYZnY-01132-00300008-00300564 topic folk medicine
1pQMaWAYZnY-01133-00300565-00300822 the need to include fresh plant food or
1pQMaWAYZnY-01134-00300823-00300993 raw animal flesh in the diet to prevent
1pQMaWAYZnY-01135-00300994-00301238 disease was known from ancient times
1pQMaWAYZnY-01136-00301239-00301517 native people living in marginal areas
1pQMaWAYZnY-01137-00301518-00301713 incorporated this into their medicinal
1pQMaWAYZnY-01138-00301714-00302079 law for example spruce needles were used
1pQMaWAYZnY-01139-00302080-00302307 in temperate zones in infusions or the
1pQMaWAYZnY-01140-00302308-00302517 leaves from species of drought resistant
1pQMaWAYZnY-01141-00302518-00302934 trees in desert areas in 1536 the French
1pQMaWAYZnY-01142-00302935-00303135 explorers jacques cartier and daniel
1pQMaWAYZnY-01143-00303136-00303339 knezovich exploring the st. lawrence
1pQMaWAYZnY-01144-00303340-00303546 river used the local natives knowledge
1pQMaWAYZnY-01145-00303547-00303761 to save his men who were dying of scurvy
1pQMaWAYZnY-01146-00303762-00304029 he boiled the needles of the arbor vitae
1pQMaWAYZnY-01147-00304030-00304245 tree to make a tea that was later shown
1pQMaWAYZnY-01148-00304246-00304491 to contain 50 milligrams of vitamin C
1pQMaWAYZnY-01149-00304492-00305124 per 100 grams
1pQMaWAYZnY-01150-00305125-00305681 topic scurvy at sea
1pQMaWAYZnY-01151-00305682-00306041 in the 1497 expedition of Vasco da Gama
1pQMaWAYZnY-01152-00306042-00306260 the curative effects of citrus fruit
1pQMaWAYZnY-01153-00306261-00306551 were known the Portuguese planted fruit
1pQMaWAYZnY-01154-00306552-00306773 trees and vegetables in st. Helena a
1pQMaWAYZnY-01155-00306774-00306974 stopping point for homebound voyages
1pQMaWAYZnY-01156-00306975-00307184 from Asia and left the sick to be taken
1pQMaWAYZnY-01157-00307185-00307345 home by the next ship authorities
1pQMaWAYZnY-01158-00307346-00307586 occasionally recommended plant food to
1pQMaWAYZnY-01159-00307587-00307828 prevent scurvy during long sea voyages
1pQMaWAYZnY-01160-00307829-00308093 John Whittle the first surgeon to the
1pQMaWAYZnY-01161-00308094-00308321 British East India Company recommended
1pQMaWAYZnY-01162-00308322-00308531 the preventive and curative use of lemon
1pQMaWAYZnY-01163-00308532-00308828 juice in his 1617 book the surgeons mate
1pQMaWAYZnY-01164-00308829-00309197 in 1734 the Dutch writer Johann
1pQMaWAYZnY-01165-00309198-00309389 Backstrom gave the firm opinion that
1pQMaWAYZnY-01166-00309390-00309656 scurvy is solely owing to a total
1pQMaWAYZnY-01167-00309657-00309905 abstinence from fresh vegetable food and
1pQMaWAYZnY-01168-00309906-00310280 greens scurvy had long been a principal
1pQMaWAYZnY-01169-00310281-00310460 killer of sailors during the long sea
1pQMaWAYZnY-01170-00310461-00310813 voyages according to Jonathan Lam in
1pQMaWAYZnY-01171-00310814-00311315 1499 Vasco da Gama lost 116 of his crew
1pQMaWAYZnY-01172-00311316-00311869 of 170 in 1520 Magellan lost 208 out of
1pQMaWAYZnY-01173-00311870-00312587 230 dot all mainly to scurvy the first
1pQMaWAYZnY-01174-00312588-00312815 attempt to give scientific basis for the
1pQMaWAYZnY-01175-00312816-00312998 cause of this disease was by a ship's
1pQMaWAYZnY-01176-00312999-00313240 surgeon in the Royal Navy James Lind
1pQMaWAYZnY-01177-00313241-00313640 while at sea in may 17 47 Lynne provided
1pQMaWAYZnY-01178-00313641-00313835 some crew members with two oranges and
1pQMaWAYZnY-01179-00313836-00314030 one lemon per day in addition to normal
1pQMaWAYZnY-01180-00314031-00314264 rations while others continued on cider
1pQMaWAYZnY-01181-00314265-00314564 vinegar sulfuric acid or sea water along
1pQMaWAYZnY-01182-00314565-00314759 with their normal rations in one of the
1pQMaWAYZnY-01183-00314760-00315062 world's first controlled experiments the
1pQMaWAYZnY-01184-00315063-00315233 results showed that citrus fruits
1pQMaWAYZnY-01185-00315234-00315497 prevented the disease Lynn published his
1pQMaWAYZnY-01186-00315498-00315761 work in 1753 in his treatise on the
1pQMaWAYZnY-01187-00315762-00315998 scurvy fresh fruit was expensive to keep
1pQMaWAYZnY-01188-00315999-00316061 onboard
1pQMaWAYZnY-01189-00316062-00316256 whereas boiling it down to juice allowed
1pQMaWAYZnY-01190-00316257-00316460 easy storage but destroyed the vitamin
1pQMaWAYZnY-01191-00316461-00316684 especially if boiled in copper kettles
1pQMaWAYZnY-01192-00316685-00317057 it was 1796 before the British Navy
1pQMaWAYZnY-01193-00317058-00317279 adopted lemon juice as standard issue at
1pQMaWAYZnY-01194-00317280-00317642 sea in 1845 ships in the West Indies
1pQMaWAYZnY-01195-00317643-00317834 were provided with lime juice instead
1pQMaWAYZnY-01196-00317835-00318089 and in 1860 lime juice was used
1pQMaWAYZnY-01197-00318090-00318308 throughout the Royal Navy giving rise to
1pQMaWAYZnY-01198-00318309-00318557 the American use of the nickname limey
1pQMaWAYZnY-01199-00318558-00318869 for the British Captain James Cook had
1pQMaWAYZnY-01200-00318870-00319070 previously demonstrated the advantages
1pQMaWAYZnY-01201-00319071-00319400 integers of carrying sauerkraut on board
1pQMaWAYZnY-01202-00319401-00319607 by taking his cruise to the Hawaiian
1pQMaWAYZnY-01203-00319608-00319817 Islands without losing any of his men to
1pQMaWAYZnY-01204-00319818-00320105 scurvy for this the British Admiralty
1pQMaWAYZnY-01205-00320106-00320410 awarded him a medal the name anti
1pQMaWAYZnY-01206-00320411-00320630 scorbutic was used in the 18th and 19th
1pQMaWAYZnY-01207-00320631-00320860 centuries for foods known to prevent
1pQMaWAYZnY-01208-00320861-00321215 scurvy these foods included lemons limes
1pQMaWAYZnY-01209-00321216-00321518 oranges sauerkraut cabbage malt and
1pQMaWAYZnY-01210-00321519-00321899 portable soup in 1928 the Canadian
1pQMaWAYZnY-01211-00321900-00322088 Arctic anthropologist village alma
1pQMaWAYZnY-01212-00322089-00322280 Steffensen showed that the Inuit avoid
1pQMaWAYZnY-01213-00322281-00322519 scurvy on a diet of largely raw meat
1pQMaWAYZnY-01214-00322520-00322826 later Studies on traditional food diets
1pQMaWAYZnY-01215-00322827-00323087 of the Yukon First Nations Dene Inuit
1pQMaWAYZnY-01216-00323088-00323303 and Metis of northern Canada showed that
1pQMaWAYZnY-01217-00323304-00323516 their daily intake of vitamin C averaged
1pQMaWAYZnY-01218-00323517-00323807 between 52 and 62 milligrams per day
1pQMaWAYZnY-01219-00323808-00323993 comparable with the estimated average
1pQMaWAYZnY-01220-00323994-00324592 requirement
1pQMaWAYZnY-01221-00324593-00325108 topic discovery
1pQMaWAYZnY-01222-00325109-00325399 vitamin C was discovered in 1912
1pQMaWAYZnY-01223-00325400-00325789 isolated in 1928 and synthesized in 1933
1pQMaWAYZnY-01224-00325790-00325996 making it the first vitamin to be
1pQMaWAYZnY-01225-00325997-00326308 synthesized shortly thereafter today's
1pQMaWAYZnY-01226-00326309-00326476 Reich Stein succeeded in synthesizing
1pQMaWAYZnY-01227-00326477-00326704 the vitamin in bulk by what is now
1pQMaWAYZnY-01228-00326705-00327007 called the Reich Stein process this made
1pQMaWAYZnY-01229-00327008-00327244 possible the inexpensive mass production
1pQMaWAYZnY-01230-00327245-00327571 of vitamin C in 1934 hoffman-laroche
1pQMaWAYZnY-01231-00327572-00327793 trademarked synthetic vitamin C under
1pQMaWAYZnY-01232-00327794-00327982 the brand name Reid oxen and began to
1pQMaWAYZnY-01233-00327983-00328183 market it as a dietary supplement in
1pQMaWAYZnY-01234-00328184-00328438 1907 a laboratory animal model which
1pQMaWAYZnY-01235-00328439-00328606 would help to identify the anti
1pQMaWAYZnY-01236-00328607-00328804 scorbutic factor was discovered by the
1pQMaWAYZnY-01237-00328805-00329020 Norwegian physicians axel Holston
1pQMaWAYZnY-01238-00329021-00329191 Theodore Fralick who when studying
1pQMaWAYZnY-01239-00329192-00329428 shipboard beriberi fed guinea pigs their
1pQMaWAYZnY-01240-00329429-00329620 test diet of grains and flour and were
1pQMaWAYZnY-01241-00329621-00329833 surprised when scurvy resulted instead
1pQMaWAYZnY-01242-00329834-00330160 of beriberi by luck this species did not
1pQMaWAYZnY-01243-00330161-00330409 make its own vitamin C whereas mice and
1pQMaWAYZnY-01244-00330410-00330796 rats do in 1912 the Polish biochemist
1pQMaWAYZnY-01245-00330797-00331009 Casimir funk developed the concept of
1pQMaWAYZnY-01246-00331010-00331297 vitamins one of these was thought to be
1pQMaWAYZnY-01247-00331298-00331657 the anti scorbutic factor in 1928 this
1pQMaWAYZnY-01248-00331658-00331948 was referred to as water-soluble C
1pQMaWAYZnY-01249-00331949-00332203 although its chemical structure had not
1pQMaWAYZnY-01250-00332204-00332638 been determined from 1928 to 1930 -
1pQMaWAYZnY-01251-00332639-00332842 Albert sent George II and Joseph else
1pQMaWAYZnY-01252-00332843-00333067 fer Belize Hungarian team and Charles
1pQMaWAYZnY-01253-00333068-00333316 Glen Kings American team identified the
1pQMaWAYZnY-01254-00333317-00333613 anti scorbutic factor sent Georgie
1pQMaWAYZnY-01255-00333614-00333841 isolated Heckscher onic acid from animal
1pQMaWAYZnY-01256-00333842-00334051 adrenal glands and suspected it to be
1pQMaWAYZnY-01257-00334052-00334435 the anti scorbutic factor in late 1931
1pQMaWAYZnY-01258-00334436-00334672 sent Georgie gave verbally the last of
1pQMaWAYZnY-01259-00334673-00334882 his adrenal derived Heckscher onic acid
1pQMaWAYZnY-01260-00334883-00335056 with the suggestion that it might be the
1pQMaWAYZnY-01261-00335057-00335356 anti scorbutic factor by the spring of
1pQMaWAYZnY-01262-00335357-00335653 1932 clings laboratory had proven this
1pQMaWAYZnY-01263-00335654-00335848 but published the result without giving
1pQMaWAYZnY-01264-00335849-00336148 cent Georgie credit for it this led to a
1pQMaWAYZnY-01265-00336149-00336484 bitter dispute over priority in 1933
1pQMaWAYZnY-01266-00336485-00336694 walter norman Howarth chemically
1pQMaWAYZnY-01267-00336695-00336889 identified the vitamin as el Heckscher
1pQMaWAYZnY-01268-00336890-00337129 onic acid proving this by synthesis in
1pQMaWAYZnY-01269-00337130-00337498 1933 how Athens sent George II proposed
1pQMaWAYZnY-01270-00337499-00337675 that el Heckscher onic acid be named
1pQMaWAYZnY-01271-00337676-00337882 ascorbic acid and chemically l-ascorbic
1pQMaWAYZnY-01272-00337883-00338128 acid in honor of its activity against
1pQMaWAYZnY-01273-00338129-00338504 scurvy the terms etymology is from Latin
1pQMaWAYZnY-01274-00338505-00338807 a meaning away or off from while score
1pQMaWAYZnY-01275-00338808-00339023 BIC is from medieval latin scorbutic 'us
1pQMaWAYZnY-01276-00339024-00339236 pertaining to scurvy cognate with old
1pQMaWAYZnY-01277-00339237-00339500 norse Cayuga French Corbett Dutch sure
1pQMaWAYZnY-01278-00339501-00339806 Burke and Low German shabak partly for
1pQMaWAYZnY-01279-00339807-00340040 this discovery st. George II was awarded
1pQMaWAYZnY-01280-00340041-00340346 the 1937 Nobel Prize in medicine and how
1pQMaWAYZnY-01281-00340347-00340538 it shared that year's Nobel Prize in
1pQMaWAYZnY-01282-00340539-00340748 Chemistry in 1957
1pQMaWAYZnY-01283-00340749-00340955 JJ Burns showed that some mammals are
1pQMaWAYZnY-01284-00340956-00341126 susceptible to scurvy as their liver
1pQMaWAYZnY-01285-00341127-00341339 does not produce the enzyme el gulen a
1pQMaWAYZnY-01286-00341340-00341564 lactone oxidase the last of the chain of
1pQMaWAYZnY-01287-00341565-00341798 four enzymes that synthesize vitamin C
1pQMaWAYZnY-01288-00341799-00342017 American biochemist Erwin stone was the
1pQMaWAYZnY-01289-00342018-00342254 first to exploit vitamin C for its food
1pQMaWAYZnY-01290-00342255-00342518 preservative properties he later
1pQMaWAYZnY-01291-00342519-00342701 developed the theory that humans possess
1pQMaWAYZnY-01292-00342702-00342944 a mutated form of the L gulen a lactone
1pQMaWAYZnY-01293-00342945-00343250 oxidase coding gene in 2008 researchers
1pQMaWAYZnY-01294-00343251-00343430 at the University of Montpellier
1pQMaWAYZnY-01295-00343431-00343595 discovered that in humans and other
1pQMaWAYZnY-01296-00343596-00343778 primates the red blood cells have
1pQMaWAYZnY-01297-00343779-00343967 evolved a mechanism to more efficiently
1pQMaWAYZnY-01298-00343968-00344177 utilize the vitamin C present in the
1pQMaWAYZnY-01299-00344178-00344387 body by recycling oxidized LD
1pQMaWAYZnY-01300-00344388-00344702 hydroscopic acid DHA back into ascorbic
1pQMaWAYZnY-01301-00344703-00345026 acid for reuse by the body the mechanism
1pQMaWAYZnY-01302-00345027-00345218 was not found to be present in mammals
1pQMaWAYZnY-01303-00345219-00345935 that synthesize their own vitamin C
1pQMaWAYZnY-01304-00345936-00346488 topic large doses
1pQMaWAYZnY-01305-00346489-00346737 vitamin C mega dosage is a term
1pQMaWAYZnY-01306-00346738-00346952 describing the consumption or injection
1pQMaWAYZnY-01307-00346953-00347180 of vitamin C in doses comparable to or
1pQMaWAYZnY-01308-00347181-00347348 higher than the amounts produced by the
1pQMaWAYZnY-01309-00347349-00347520 livers of mammals which are able to
1pQMaWAYZnY-01310-00347521-00347726 synthesize vitamin C the theory behind
1pQMaWAYZnY-01311-00347727-00347954 this although not the actual term was
1pQMaWAYZnY-01312-00347955-00348257 described in 1970 in an article by Linus
1pQMaWAYZnY-01313-00348258-00348557 Pauling briefly his position was that
1pQMaWAYZnY-01314-00348558-00348725 for optimal health humans should be
1pQMaWAYZnY-01315-00348726-00349038 consuming at least 2300 milligrams per
1pQMaWAYZnY-01316-00349039-00349223 day to compensate for the inability to
1pQMaWAYZnY-01317-00349224-00349481 synthesize vitamin C the recommendation
1pQMaWAYZnY-01318-00349482-00349697 also fell into the consumption range for
1pQMaWAYZnY-01319-00349698-00349887 gorillas an on synthesizing their
1pQMaWAYZnY-01320-00349888-00350220 relative to humans a second argument for
1pQMaWAYZnY-01321-00350221-00350438 high intake is that serum ascorbic acid
1pQMaWAYZnY-01322-00350439-00350637 concentrations increases intake
1pQMaWAYZnY-01323-00350638-00350924 increases until it plateaus at about 190
1pQMaWAYZnY-01324-00350925-00351248 to 200 micro moles per liter micro mol
1pQMaWAYZnY-01325-00351249-00351312 per liter
1pQMaWAYZnY-01326-00351313-00351629 once consumption exceeds 1,250
1pQMaWAYZnY-01327-00351630-00351704 milligrams
1pQMaWAYZnY-01328-00351705-00352020 as noted government recommendations are
1pQMaWAYZnY-01329-00352021-00352317 a range of 40 to 110 milligrams per day
1pQMaWAYZnY-01330-00352318-00352547 in normal plasma is approximately 50
1pQMaWAYZnY-01331-00352548-00352818 micromolar per liter so normal is about
1pQMaWAYZnY-01332-00352819-00353054 25 percent of what can be achieved when
1pQMaWAYZnY-01333-00353055-00353276 oral consumption is in the proposed meds
1pQMaWAYZnY-01334-00353277-00353630 range Pauling popularized the concept of
1pQMaWAYZnY-01335-00353631-00353852 high dose vitamin C as prevention and
1pQMaWAYZnY-01336-00353853-00354143 treatment of the common cold in 1970 a
1pQMaWAYZnY-01337-00354144-00354425 few years later he proposed that vitamin
1pQMaWAYZnY-01338-00354426-00354656 C would prevent cardiovascular disease
1pQMaWAYZnY-01339-00354657-00354915 and that 10 grams per day initially ten
1pQMaWAYZnY-01340-00354916-00355116 days administered intravenously and
1pQMaWAYZnY-01341-00355117-00355317 thereafter orally would cure late stage
1pQMaWAYZnY-01342-00355318-00355587 cancer mega dosing with ascorbic acid
1pQMaWAYZnY-01343-00355588-00355839 has other champions among and chemist
1pQMaWAYZnY-01344-00355840-00355997 Erwin stone and the controversial
1pQMaWAYZnY-01345-00355998-00356228 Matthias Roth and Patrick Alfred who
1pQMaWAYZnY-01346-00356229-00356372 both have been accused of making
1pQMaWAYZnY-01347-00356373-00356606 unsubstantiated treatment claims for
1pQMaWAYZnY-01348-00356607-00356946 treating cancer and HIV infection the
1pQMaWAYZnY-01349-00356947-00357155 mega dosing theory is to a large degree
1pQMaWAYZnY-01350-00357156-00357407 discredited modest benefits are
1pQMaWAYZnY-01351-00357408-00357587 demonstrated for the common cold
1pQMaWAYZnY-01352-00357588-00357816 benefits are not superior when
1pQMaWAYZnY-01353-00357817-00358044 supplement intakes of more than 1000
1pQMaWAYZnY-01354-00358045-00358215 milligrams per day are compared to
1pQMaWAYZnY-01355-00358216-00358491 intakes between 200 and 1000 milligrams
1pQMaWAYZnY-01356-00358492-00358706 per day and so not limited to the mega
1pQMaWAYZnY-01357-00358707-00359016 dose range the theory that large amounts
1pQMaWAYZnY-01358-00359017-00359234 of intravenous ascorbic acid can be used
1pQMaWAYZnY-01359-00359235-00359480 to treat late stage cancer is some 40
1pQMaWAYZnY-01360-00359481-00359715 years after Pauling seminal paper still
1pQMaWAYZnY-01361-00359716-00359880 considered unproven and still
1pQMaWAYZnY-01362-00359881-00360204 need of high quality research however a
1pQMaWAYZnY-01363-00360205-00360399 lack of conclusive evidence has not
1pQMaWAYZnY-01364-00360400-00360570 stopped individual physicians from
1pQMaWAYZnY-01365-00360571-00360807 prescribing intravenous ascorbic acid to
1pQMaWAYZnY-01366-00360808-00361497 thousands of people with cancer
1pQMaWAYZnY-01367-00361498-00362114 topic society and culture
1pQMaWAYZnY-01368-00362115-00362452 in February 2011 the Swiss Post issued a
1pQMaWAYZnY-01369-00362453-00362656 postage stamp bearing a depiction of a
1pQMaWAYZnY-01370-00362657-00362891 model of a molecule of vitamin C to mark
1pQMaWAYZnY-01371-00362892-00363604 the International Year of chemistry
1pQMaWAYZnY-01372-00363605-00364183 topic pharmacopoeias
1pQMaWAYZnY-01373-00364184-00364510 british pharmacopoeia japanese
1pQMaWAYZnY-01374-00364511-00365008 pharmacopoeia equals equals notes
1RrAVtESBt8-00000-00000103-00002367 [Music]
1RrAVtESBt8-00001-00002368-00002567 so
1RrAVtESBt8-00002-00002568-00003551 [Music]
1RrAVtESBt8-00003-00003552-00003839 so
1RrAVtESBt8-00004-00003840-00004967 [Music]
1RrAVtESBt8-00005-00004968-00005328 so
1RrAVtESBt8-00006-00005329-00006159 [Music]
1RrAVtESBt8-00007-00006160-00006344 so
1RrAVtESBt8-00008-00006345-00008742 [Music]
1RrAVtESBt8-00009-00008743-00009302 so
1RrAVtESBt8-00010-00009303-00009897 [Music]
1RrAVtESBt8-00011-00009898-00010519 [Music]
1RrAVtESBt8-00012-00010520-00010764 so
1RrAVtESBt8-00013-00010765-00012103 [Music]
1RrAVtESBt8-00014-00012104-00012264 so
1RrAVtESBt8-00015-00012265-00014774 [Music]
1RrAVtESBt8-00016-00014775-00015083 [Applause]
1RrAVtESBt8-00017-00015084-00017602 [Music]
1RrAVtESBt8-00018-00017603-00020340 [Music]
1RrAVtESBt8-00020-00025245-00027202 [Music]
1RrAVtESBt8-00021-00027204-00029356 [Music]
1RrAVtESBt8-00022-00029357-00031757 [Music]
1RrAVtESBt8-00025-00038440-00038740 so
1RrAVtESBt8-00027-00042102-00042170 [Applause]
1RrAVtESBt8-00029-00050016-00050735 so
1RrAVtESBt8-00031-00054144-00054488 do
1RrAVtESBt8-00032-00054489-00056742 [Music]
1RrAVtESBt8-00033-00056744-00057062 so
1RrAVtESBt8-00035-00063920-00064474 do
1RrAVtESBt8-00036-00064475-00066384 [Music]
1RrAVtESBt8-00037-00066385-00066896 [Music]
1RrAVtESBt8-00038-00066897-00068359 [Music]
1RrAVtESBt8-00039-00068360-00068512 do
1RrAVtESBt8-00040-00068513-00069465 [Music]
1RrAVtESBt8-00041-00069466-00070610 [Music]
1RrAVtESBt8-00043-00077527-00077929 so
1RrAVtESBt8-00046-00090319-00090505 foreign
1RrAVtESBt8-00047-00090506-00092355 [Music]
1RrAVtESBt8-00048-00092356-00092457 [Applause]
1RrAVtESBt8-00049-00092458-00093071 [Music]
1RrAVtESBt8-00050-00093072-00093337 so
1RrAVtESBt8-00052-00098600-00099601 so
1RrAVtESBt8-00053-00099602-00101574 [Music]
1RrAVtESBt8-00054-00101575-00101996 so
1RrAVtESBt8-00055-00101997-00102886 [Music]
1RrAVtESBt8-00056-00102888-00103006 so
1RrAVtESBt8-00058-00106020-00108551 [Music]
1RrAVtESBt8-00059-00108552-00108718 so
1RrAVtESBt8-00061-00111848-00111960 so
1RrAVtESBt8-00062-00111961-00114302 [Music]
1RrAVtESBt8-00063-00114303-00114615 so
1RrAVtESBt8-00064-00114616-00117375 [Music]
1RrAVtESBt8-00065-00117376-00118169 [Music]
1RrAVtESBt8-00066-00118170-00118551 [Music]
1RrAVtESBt8-00067-00118552-00118706 so
1RrAVtESBt8-00068-00118707-00119839 [Music]
1RrAVtESBt8-00069-00119840-00119944 so
1RrAVtESBt8-00070-00119945-00120780 [Music]
1RrAVtESBt8-00072-00126703-00127073 so
1RrAVtESBt8-00073-00127074-00128166 [Music]
1RrAVtESBt8-00074-00128167-00128321 so
1RrAVtESBt8-00075-00128322-00130791 [Music]
1RrAVtESBt8-00076-00130792-00133783 [Music]
1RrAVtESBt8-00077-00133784-00134366 so
1RrAVtESBt8-00079-00138312-00138520 you
1RLB2ouEIaI-00000-00000048-00000147 foreign
1RLB2ouEIaI-00001-00000148-00000743 [Music]
1RLB2ouEIaI-00002-00000744-00001061 Hungarian PM warns Ukraine could lose up
1RLB2ouEIaI-00003-00001062-00001295 to half of its territory.the conflict
1RLB2ouEIaI-00004-00001296-00001547 between Moscow and Kiev could last for
1RLB2ouEIaI-00005-00001548-00001823 years Victor Orban reportedly said in a
1RLB2ouEIaI-00006-00001823-00002123 speech behind closed doors the Ukraine
1RLB2ouEIaI-00007-00002124-00002417 conflict could last until 2030 and the
1RLB2ouEIaI-00008-00002418-00002626 West is to blame for making it Global
1RLB2ouEIaI-00009-00002627-00002908 rather than local in nature Hungarian
1RLB2ouEIaI-00010-00002909-00003137 prime minister Victor Orban has said
1RLB2ouEIaI-00011-00003138-00003436 according to Radio free europe.orgon was
1RLB2ouEIaI-00012-00003438-00003653 reportedly speaking at a closed-door
1RLB2ouEIaI-00013-00003654-00003863 event involving his ruling fittest party
1RLB2ouEIaI-00014-00003864-00004103 a week ago with the details of his
1RLB2ouEIaI-00015-00004104-00004379 speech now being leaked to the media the
1RLB2ouEIaI-00016-00004380-00004588 Hungarian leader allegedly told his
1RLB2ouEIaI-00017-00004589-00004786 supporters in the village of Cox on
1RLB2ouEIaI-00018-00004787-00005020 September 10 that he believed Ukraine
1RLB2ouEIaI-00019-00005021-00005285 may end up losing between one-third and
1RLB2ouEIaI-00020-00005286-00005495 one-half of its territory due to the
1RLB2ouEIaI-00021-00005496-00005741 conflict with Russia Radio free Europe
1RLB2ouEIaI-00022-00005742-00006011 reported on Friday citing participants
1RLB2ouEIaI-00023-00006012-00006227 of the meeting the fighting between
1RLB2ouEIaI-00024-00006228-00006527 Moscow and Kiev which is being helped by
1RLB2ouEIaI-00025-00006528-00006803 the U.S EU in some other countries could
1RLB2ouEIaI-00026-00006804-00007084 continue all the way until 2030 or been
1RLB2ouEIaI-00027-00007086-00007391 reportedly warned the crisis in Ukraine
1RLB2ouEIaI-00028-00007392-00007655 started as a local conflict but the
1RLB2ouEIaI-00029-00007656-00007859 involvement of the West has turned it
1RLB2ouEIaI-00030-00007859-00008092 into a global Affair the Prime Minister
1RLB2ouEIaI-00031-00008093-00008399 said according to the report Orban again
1RLB2ouEIaI-00032-00008400-00008669 lashed out at EU sanctions imposed on
1RLB2ouEIaI-00033-00008670-00008914 Russia over its military operation in
1RLB2ouEIaI-00034-00008915-00009167 Ukraine saying the block had shot itself
1RLB2ouEIaI-00035-00009168-00009424 in the foot with those curbs the energy
1RLB2ouEIaI-00036-00009425-00009671 crisis which occurred as a result of
1RLB2ouEIaI-00037-00009672-00009953 those restrictions could force 40 of
1RLB2ouEIaI-00038-00009954-00010156 European industry to shut down this
1RLB2ouEIaI-00039-00010157-00010463 winter he reportedly added in his speech
1RLB2ouEIaI-00040-00010464-00010703 the Hungarian leader also allegedly
1RLB2ouEIaI-00041-00010704-00010919 revealed that European leaders are
1RLB2ouEIaI-00042-00010920-00011128 expected to decide on prolonging the
1RLB2ouEIaI-00043-00011129-00011333 sanctions for another six months later
1RLB2ouEIaI-00044-00011334-00011573 in Autumn insisting that an attempt
1RLB2ouEIaI-00045-00011574-00011783 should be made to prevent that extension
1RLB2ouEIaI-00046-00011784-00012046 the way things are going now the
1RLB2ouEIaI-00047-00012047-00012281 Eurozone and the EU itself could Cease
1RLB2ouEIaI-00048-00012282-00012605 to Exist by 2030 Orban was quoted as
1RLB2ouEIaI-00049-00012606-00012874 saying Hungary has remained relatively
1RLB2ouEIaI-00050-00012875-00013085 neutral since the outbreak of fighting
1RLB2ouEIaI-00051-00013086-00013355 in Ukraine in late February it is
1RLB2ouEIaI-00052-00013356-00013613 refused to send arms to Kiev and
1RLB2ouEIaI-00053-00013613-00013871 consistently criticized EU sanctions on
1RLB2ouEIaI-00054-00013872-00014147 Moscow Budapest which is heavily
1RLB2ouEIaI-00055-00014147-00014405 dependent on Russian energy was also
1RLB2ouEIaI-00056-00014406-00014603 able to negotiate an exemption for
1RLB2ouEIaI-00057-00014604-00014825 itself from the Block wide ban on
1RLB2ouEIaI-00058-00014826-00015155 Russian oil earlier this month mikhil is
1RLB2ouEIaI-00059-00015156-00015401 back the European affairs minister of
1RLB2ouEIaI-00060-00015402-00015635 the Czech Republic which now presides
1RLB2ouEIaI-00061-00015636-00015844 over the EU Council warned that
1RLB2ouEIaI-00062-00015845-00016066 hungary's stance on Russia could
1RLB2ouEIaI-00063-00016068-00016265 theoretically end up with it exiting the
1RLB2ouEIaI-00064-00016266-00016484 block
1RcAs4hNmsE-00000-00000053-00000383 welcome back to Shadows of rose
1RcAs4hNmsE-00001-00000384-00000682 let's continue exploring the house that
1RcAs4hNmsE-00002-00000683-00000928 we grew up in for a little while at
1RcAs4hNmsE-00003-00000930-00001241 least
1RcAs4hNmsE-00004-00001242-00001433 doesn't recognize it though they were
1RcAs4hNmsE-00005-00001434-00001709 just a baby
1RcAs4hNmsE-00006-00001710-00002123 so lucky to have you both in my life
1RcAs4hNmsE-00007-00002124-00002500 a voice
1RcAs4hNmsE-00008-00002501-00002855 dad
1RcAs4hNmsE-00009-00002856-00003089 this must be my parents house from when
1RcAs4hNmsE-00010-00003090-00003281 I was a baby
1RcAs4hNmsE-00011-00003282-00003659 but other things also have my dad's
1RcAs4hNmsE-00012-00003660-00003959 memories
1RcAs4hNmsE-00013-00003960-00004156 so little
1RcAs4hNmsE-00014-00004157-00004331 hard to believe one day she'll be old
1RcAs4hNmsE-00015-00004332-00004481 enough to share a bottle of wine with
1RcAs4hNmsE-00016-00004482-00004606 her old man
1RcAs4hNmsE-00017-00004607-00004798 that's how dad was a Wine Drinker
1RcAs4hNmsE-00018-00004799-00005206 [Music]
1RcAs4hNmsE-00019-00005207-00005375 She Bangs her spoon every time I play
1RcAs4hNmsE-00020-00005376-00005459 this
1RcAs4hNmsE-00021-00005460-00005686 I wonder if she'll be a musician
1RcAs4hNmsE-00022-00005687-00006365 I wonder if Dad played any instruments
1RcAs4hNmsE-00023-00006366-00006695 just cannot get enough of this stuff
1RcAs4hNmsE-00024-00006695-00006928 and fit dad would feed me as soon as I
1RcAs4hNmsE-00025-00006929-00007937 started crying
1RcAs4hNmsE-00026-00007938-00008573 take your time and look around
1RcAs4hNmsE-00027-00008574-00008909 Rose is such a picky eater all she ever
1RcAs4hNmsE-00028-00008910-00009185 wants is fruit puree I guess I've always
1RcAs4hNmsE-00029-00009186-00010541 loved fruit
1RcAs4hNmsE-00030-00010542-00011132 foreign
1RcAs4hNmsE-00031-00011133-00013505 [Music]
1RcAs4hNmsE-00032-00013506-00013721 foreign
1RcAs4hNmsE-00033-00013722-00014471 I think our room's in there
1RcAs4hNmsE-00034-00014472-00014657 this tune has always been special for
1RcAs4hNmsE-00035-00014658-00014819 our family
1RcAs4hNmsE-00036-00014819-00015191 I think I've heard this before
1RcAs4hNmsE-00037-00015191-00016230 it's pretty
1RcAs4hNmsE-00038-00016231-00016486 Ethan don't forget Rose's half birthday
1RcAs4hNmsE-00039-00016487-00016685 is on the second I'm gonna make an
1RcAs4hNmsE-00040-00016686-00016913 amazing cake so you better eat it
1RcAs4hNmsE-00041-00016914-00017069 in fact I'm going to make a cake for
1RcAs4hNmsE-00042-00017070-00017303 every special occasion we have I want
1RcAs4hNmsE-00043-00017304-00017447 you to take lots of pictures for our
1RcAs4hNmsE-00044-00017448-00017729 family album
1RcAs4hNmsE-00045-00017730-00019421 I haven't seen Mom and ages
1RcAs4hNmsE-00046-00019422-00019661 I I know she's probably a little too
1RcAs4hNmsE-00047-00019662-00019943 young for this but it was too cute
1RcAs4hNmsE-00048-00019944-00020471 I wonder how we played with this
1RcAs4hNmsE-00049-00020472-00022171 fuzzy Cube
1RcAs4hNmsE-00050-00022172-00022343 this is
1RcAs4hNmsE-00051-00022344-00023507 my bedroom
1RcAs4hNmsE-00052-00023508-00023728 she's growing so fast
1RcAs4hNmsE-00053-00023729-00023980 getting bigger every day
1RcAs4hNmsE-00054-00023981-00024347 crib is so little
1RcAs4hNmsE-00055-00024348-00024557 she's already growing out of these
1RcAs4hNmsE-00056-00024558-00024772 onesies
1RcAs4hNmsE-00057-00024773-00024918 leave I was ever this time
1RcAs4hNmsE-00058-00024919-00025781 [Music]
1RcAs4hNmsE-00059-00025782-00026044 February 2nd is Rose's half birthday
1RcAs4hNmsE-00060-00026045-00026273 half a year in the blink of an eye
1RcAs4hNmsE-00061-00026274-00026458 I wanted to capture this moment these
1RcAs4hNmsE-00062-00026460-00026735 feelings so I wrote something special
1RcAs4hNmsE-00063-00026736-00026962 I may have gotten a bit sappy though
1RcAs4hNmsE-00064-00026963-00027131 I feel embarrassed if anyone stumbles
1RcAs4hNmsE-00065-00027132-00027340 across it so it's safe in the sideboard
1RcAs4hNmsE-00066-00027341-00027437 for now
1RcAs4hNmsE-00067-00027438-00028727 the keys behind my favorite photo
1RcAs4hNmsE-00068-00028727-00029014 I wonder if she'll look like me when she
1RcAs4hNmsE-00069-00029016-00029183 grows up
1RcAs4hNmsE-00070-00029183-00031181 oh I looked so happy
1RcAs4hNmsE-00071-00031182-00031457 a letter for me
1RcAs4hNmsE-00072-00031458-00032057 foreign
1RcAs4hNmsE-00073-00032058-00032327 happy half birthday Rose
1RcAs4hNmsE-00074-00032327-00032699 my gift to you is a promise I'll always
1RcAs4hNmsE-00075-00032700-00032843 be there for you
1RcAs4hNmsE-00076-00032844-00032987 no matter what
1RcAs4hNmsE-00077-00032988-00033185 I'll be there every birthday to watch
1RcAs4hNmsE-00078-00033186-00033346 you blow out the candles on your cake
1RcAs4hNmsE-00079-00033347-00033605 I'll be there to make you breakfast and
1RcAs4hNmsE-00080-00033606-00033809 walk you to school every day I'll be
1RcAs4hNmsE-00081-00033810-00034067 there when you have a bad dream and sing
1RcAs4hNmsE-00082-00034068-00034307 to you until you fall back asleep
1RcAs4hNmsE-00083-00034308-00034529 I'll hug you tight when you're troubled
1RcAs4hNmsE-00084-00034530-00034727 or worried and tell you that
1RcAs4hNmsE-00085-00034728-00034939 everything's gonna be all right
1RcAs4hNmsE-00086-00034940-00035255 You Are My Precious Rose
1RcAs4hNmsE-00087-00035256-00035783 never forget that
1RcAs4hNmsE-00088-00035784-00036209 one that's
1RcAs4hNmsE-00089-00036210-00036468 no
1RcAs4hNmsE-00090-00036469-00037462 Michael Michael help Michael
1RcAs4hNmsE-00091-00037463-00037685 was that the girl from Resident Evil 7 I
1RcAs4hNmsE-00092-00037686-00037901 don't remember their name but basically
1RcAs4hNmsE-00093-00037902-00038399 the main villain from Resident Evil 7.
1RcAs4hNmsE-00094-00038400-00039229 guess what
1RcAs4hNmsE-00095-00039230-00039846 that thing you're looking for
1RcAs4hNmsE-00096-00039847-00040211 isn't here
1RcAs4hNmsE-00097-00040212-00040402 so
1RcAs4hNmsE-00098-00040403-00040985 don't have the purifying Crystal
1RcAs4hNmsE-00099-00040986-00041668 of course not
1RcAs4hNmsE-00100-00041669-00042067 for that you'll have to go deeper
1RcAs4hNmsE-00101-00042068-00042329 much deeper
1RcAs4hNmsE-00102-00042330-00042496 poor Rose
1RcAs4hNmsE-00103-00042497-00042851 she can't trust anyone why are you doing
1RcAs4hNmsE-00104-00042852-00043168 this
1RcAs4hNmsE-00105-00043169-00043451 no one loves you
1RcAs4hNmsE-00106-00043452-00043841 and what you're dead no one will come
1RcAs4hNmsE-00107-00043842-00044351 [Laughter]
1RcAs4hNmsE-00108-00044352-00044567 enough games
1RcAs4hNmsE-00109-00044568-00044668 now
1RcAs4hNmsE-00110-00044669-00044962 you're drowned
1RcAs4hNmsE-00111-00044963-00045461 I need to get out of this I came first
1RcAs4hNmsE-00112-00045462-00046012 first
1RcAs4hNmsE-00113-00046013-00046421 what does she only want you
1RcAs4hNmsE-00114-00046422-00047267 what are you talking about
1RcAs4hNmsE-00115-00047268-00048522 uh
1RcAs4hNmsE-00116-00048523-00048973 [Music]
1RcAs4hNmsE-00117-00048974-00049162 it wasn't sure if that was supposed to
1RcAs4hNmsE-00118-00049163-00049390 happen or if I died I died
1RcAs4hNmsE-00119-00049391-00049673 I kept trying to move into the doorway I
1RcAs4hNmsE-00120-00049674-00049883 couldn't
1RcAs4hNmsE-00121-00049884-00050290 nah you're drowned
1RcAs4hNmsE-00122-00050291-00051077 I came first
1RcAs4hNmsE-00123-00051078-00051496 what does she only want you
1RcAs4hNmsE-00124-00051497-00052192 what are you talking about
1RcAs4hNmsE-00125-00052194-00052769 look at you you are Beyond
1RcAs4hNmsE-00126-00052770-00054323 seriously what is your problem
1RcAs4hNmsE-00127-00054324-00055182 just so real yeah
1RcAs4hNmsE-00128-00055183-00055579 oh no oh no oh no oh I'm dead
1RcAs4hNmsE-00129-00055579-00056375 okay I need to use the white Sprigs
1RcAs4hNmsE-00130-00056376-00057275 foreign
1RcAs4hNmsE-00131-00057276-00057629 first
1RcAs4hNmsE-00132-00057629-00058066 first
1RcAs4hNmsE-00133-00058067-00058492 what does she only want you
1RcAs4hNmsE-00134-00058494-00058741 what are you talking about
1RcAs4hNmsE-00135-00058741-00059399 look at you you are Beyond worthless
1RcAs4hNmsE-00136-00059400-00059679 seriously what is your problem
1RcAs4hNmsE-00137-00059680-00061403 [Music]
1RcAs4hNmsE-00138-00061404-00061799 just so pretty
1RcAs4hNmsE-00139-00061800-00062837 there we go
1RcAs4hNmsE-00140-00062838-00063137 where'd you
1RcAs4hNmsE-00141-00063138-00063544 oh look you're families no no I'm not
1RcAs4hNmsE-00142-00063545-00064985 looking
1RcAs4hNmsE-00143-00064986-00065476 I don't like my family they're bad
1RcAs4hNmsE-00144-00065477-00066006 chance
1RcAs4hNmsE-00145-00066007-00066305 they were supposed to die and join me
1RcAs4hNmsE-00146-00066306-00066456 here
1RcAs4hNmsE-00147-00066457-00067132 let's go what
1RcAs4hNmsE-00148-00067133-00068194 stop it
1RcAs4hNmsE-00149-00068195-00068435 Michael
1RcAs4hNmsE-00150-00068436-00069629 good you made it out
1RcAs4hNmsE-00151-00069630-00069779 Evelyn
1RcAs4hNmsE-00152-00069780-00070967 that little girl
1RcAs4hNmsE-00153-00070968-00071956 we still can't get out
1RcAs4hNmsE-00154-00071957-00072269 use your powers on her
1RcAs4hNmsE-00155-00072270-00072694 I can help once she's weak
1RcAs4hNmsE-00156-00072695-00072929 fight Evelyn all right
1RcAs4hNmsE-00157-00072930-00073142 make sure you're ready yeah I'm not yet
1RcAs4hNmsE-00158-00073143-00073409 [Music]
1RcAs4hNmsE-00159-00073410-00073763 oh
1RcAs4hNmsE-00160-00073764-00076138 that refilled us all the way as well
1RcAs4hNmsE-00161-00076139-00078832 foreign
1RcAs4hNmsE-00162-00078833-00079259 oh [__] I got up too fast
1RcAs4hNmsE-00163-00079260-00079421 wait for an opening yeah this is very
1RcAs4hNmsE-00164-00079422-00079594 similar to when we last injected her in
1RcAs4hNmsE-00165-00079595-00079823 Resident Evil 7.
1RcAs4hNmsE-00166-00079824-00080009 I remember we also had to wait for their
1RcAs4hNmsE-00167-00080010-00080206 like waves of power and then like move
1RcAs4hNmsE-00168-00080207-00080449 in between the waves
1RcAs4hNmsE-00169-00080450-00081947 we were supposed to be a family
1RcAs4hNmsE-00170-00081948-00082312 she's not done be careful real
1RcAs4hNmsE-00171-00082313-00082912 completely obsessed with stupid Old Road
1RcAs4hNmsE-00172-00082913-00083171 if you've never been born it would have
1RcAs4hNmsE-00173-00083172-00084191 been perfect
1RcAs4hNmsE-00174-00084192-00084659 no die here oh no I think I need to go
1RcAs4hNmsE-00175-00084660-00085156 wait go where
1RcAs4hNmsE-00176-00085157-00085609 what's your step yeah
1RcAs4hNmsE-00177-00085610-00086705 this is
1RcAs4hNmsE-00178-00086706-00087511 go away
1RcAs4hNmsE-00179-00087512-00088012 I was special
1RcAs4hNmsE-00180-00088013-00089329 no shouldn't have gone up
1RcAs4hNmsE-00181-00089330-00089675 nope I think I'm dead yeah
1RcAs4hNmsE-00182-00089676-00089843 I think there were probably another
1RcAs4hNmsE-00183-00089844-00090047 flower too
1RcAs4hNmsE-00184-00090048-00090299 sclerosia or two are they flowers I
1RcAs4hNmsE-00185-00090300-00090680 guess kinda probably technically not
1RcAs4hNmsE-00186-00090681-00090955 [Music]
1RcAs4hNmsE-00187-00090956-00091841 never go back
1RcAs4hNmsE-00188-00091842-00092518 I have been such a good girl
1RcAs4hNmsE-00189-00092519-00092662 I was curious if you could stand up or
1RcAs4hNmsE-00190-00092663-00092873 not
1RcAs4hNmsE-00191-00092874-00093191 you can't you do have a Crouch we were
1RcAs4hNmsE-00192-00093192-00094782 supposed to be a family
1RcAs4hNmsE-00193-00094783-00095062 completely obsessed with stupid old
1RcAs4hNmsE-00194-00095063-00095393 roads
1RcAs4hNmsE-00195-00095394-00095644 if you've never been born it would have
1RcAs4hNmsE-00196-00095645-00096568 been perfect
1RcAs4hNmsE-00197-00096569-00098968 yo die here
1RcAs4hNmsE-00198-00098969-00099756 go away
1RcAs4hNmsE-00199-00099757-00101447 I was special
1RcAs4hNmsE-00200-00101448-00102137 No Escape
1RcAs4hNmsE-00201-00102138-00103003 you're nothing I gotta get up the stairs
1RcAs4hNmsE-00202-00103004-00104418 worthless nothing
1RcAs4hNmsE-00203-00104419-00106210 [Music]
1RcAs4hNmsE-00204-00106211-00106469 out
1RcAs4hNmsE-00205-00106470-00106715 this
1RcAs4hNmsE-00206-00106716-00107278 I can't believe how useless I am
1RcAs4hNmsE-00207-00107279-00107657 no wonder no one loves me
1RcAs4hNmsE-00208-00107658-00108384 what now
1RcAs4hNmsE-00209-00108385-00109147 this is all your fault
1RcAs4hNmsE-00210-00109148-00109595 and I will never let you have what you
1RcAs4hNmsE-00211-00109596-00110389 want close look out
1RcAs4hNmsE-00212-00110390-00111234 don't give up roses find that Crystal
1RcAs4hNmsE-00213-00111235-00113321 Ethan Ethan manifested
1RcAs4hNmsE-00214-00113322-00113981 laughs
1RcAs4hNmsE-00215-00113982-00114275 Michael
1RcAs4hNmsE-00216-00114276-00114827 are you there
1RcAs4hNmsE-00217-00114828-00115186 rose look out
1RcAs4hNmsE-00218-00115188-00115595 he
1RcAs4hNmsE-00219-00115596-00115901 he saved me
1RcAs4hNmsE-00220-00115902-00116308 but he didn't make it
1RcAs4hNmsE-00221-00116309-00116615 that voice
1RcAs4hNmsE-00222-00116616-00116939 my dad's voice
1RcAs4hNmsE-00223-00116940-00117233 is Michael
1RcAs4hNmsE-00224-00117233-00117378 my dad
1RcAs4hNmsE-00225-00117379-00118121 don't give up Rose find that Crystal
1RcAs4hNmsE-00226-00118122-00118481 because of him
1RcAs4hNmsE-00227-00118482-00119057 I can keep going
1RcAs4hNmsE-00228-00119058-00119849 I have to find that Crystal
1RcAs4hNmsE-00229-00119850-00121427 I'm on my own but I have to keep going
1RcAs4hNmsE-00230-00121428-00122393 what is that doing here
1RcAs4hNmsE-00231-00122394-00123071 stuff my oh yeah I got my guns back cool
1RcAs4hNmsE-00232-00123072-00124457 [Music]
1RcAs4hNmsE-00233-00124458-00124727 oh my God
1RcAs4hNmsE-00234-00124728-00125069 what is this place
1RcAs4hNmsE-00235-00125070-00125501 that is such a cool set piece
1RcAs4hNmsE-00236-00125502-00125908 oh
1RcAs4hNmsE-00237-00125909-00128254 and that like the Moon
1RcAs4hNmsE-00238-00128255-00128527 hmm
1RcAs4hNmsE-00239-00128528-00129064 don't trust
1RcAs4hNmsE-00240-00129065-00129413 what
1RcAs4hNmsE-00241-00129414-00129814 it looks like me
1RcAs4hNmsE-00242-00129815-00131471 which makes it even creepier
1RcAs4hNmsE-00243-00131472-00132731 just like in the castle
1RcAs4hNmsE-00244-00132732-00133031 do I have a pipe bomb no can I craft one
1RcAs4hNmsE-00245-00133032-00133385 also no
1RcAs4hNmsE-00246-00133386-00133828 definitely got pistol ammo
1RcAs4hNmsE-00247-00133829-00134243 I think I'm better off freezing these
1RcAs4hNmsE-00248-00134244-00135292 I'm even stronger than before
1RcAs4hNmsE-00249-00135293-00135433 [Music]
1RcAs4hNmsE-00250-00135434-00135695 ah let me [__]
1RcAs4hNmsE-00251-00135696-00136414 let me through
1RcAs4hNmsE-00252-00136415-00136747 I'm pushing him I'm pushing them
1RcAs4hNmsE-00253-00136748-00136937 that's so annoying that they have
1RcAs4hNmsE-00254-00136938-00137147 Collision even when they're down there
1RcAs4hNmsE-00255-00137148-00138725 we there we go
1RcAs4hNmsE-00256-00138726-00139763 foreign
1RcAs4hNmsE-00257-00139764-00140254 okay I think I need to deal with them
1RcAs4hNmsE-00258-00140255-00140566 okay God I really wish I had a pipe bomb
1RcAs4hNmsE-00259-00140567-00141121 there's so many of them clustered
1RcAs4hNmsE-00260-00141122-00141347 maybe I'm better off freezing them and
1RcAs4hNmsE-00261-00141348-00141793 then just trying to run past them still
1RcAs4hNmsE-00262-00141794-00144516 it's time for this
1RcAs4hNmsE-00263-00144517-00144725 oh no I'm gonna get hit because I don't
1RcAs4hNmsE-00264-00144726-00145025 have any more white sage juice although
1RcAs4hNmsE-00265-00145026-00145307 I do have
1RcAs4hNmsE-00266-00145308-00147628 I do have more in my inventory
1RcAs4hNmsE-00267-00147629-00148621 oh
1RcAs4hNmsE-00268-00148622-00148919 is this where those copies of me came
1RcAs4hNmsE-00269-00148920-00149543 from oh my God that's so gross
1RcAs4hNmsE-00270-00149544-00151049 hmm
1RcAs4hNmsE-00271-00151050-00151264 the mega my seat absorbs the memories of
1RcAs4hNmsE-00272-00151265-00151451 all life within its reach but there are
1RcAs4hNmsE-00273-00151452-00151673 laws which govern this world within it
1RcAs4hNmsE-00274-00151674-00151895 seems worthwhile to catalog them as they
1RcAs4hNmsE-00275-00151896-00152021 become apparent
1RcAs4hNmsE-00276-00152022-00152297 number one the memories that comprise
1RcAs4hNmsE-00277-00152298-00152471 this realm do not strictly reflect
1RcAs4hNmsE-00278-00152472-00152621 reality
1RcAs4hNmsE-00279-00152622-00152854 two only those who are attuned to the
1RcAs4hNmsE-00280-00152855-00153071 mute of my seat in life retain control
1RcAs4hNmsE-00281-00153072-00153389 of their faculties here in this realm
1RcAs4hNmsE-00282-00153390-00153557 this aligns to my understanding of the
1RcAs4hNmsE-00283-00153558-00153725 mega my seed as revealed to me in its
1RcAs4hNmsE-00284-00153726-00154013 Visions before my death
1RcAs4hNmsE-00285-00154014-00154295 yes my death my physical body is gone
1RcAs4hNmsE-00286-00154296-00154613 absorbed into the mega my seed and yet I
1RcAs4hNmsE-00287-00154614-00154811 do not despair for this Fate has granted
1RcAs4hNmsE-00288-00154812-00155069 me fascinating insights all those years
1RcAs4hNmsE-00289-00155070-00155363 I strived have continued to strive they
1RcAs4hNmsE-00290-00155364-00155531 are not for nothing
1RcAs4hNmsE-00291-00155532-00155695 the memories the Consciousness
1RcAs4hNmsE-00292-00155696-00155861 understanding and knowledge I
1RcAs4hNmsE-00293-00155862-00156083 accumulated in life have transferred
1RcAs4hNmsE-00294-00156084-00156263 here to the mega my seat where it serves
1RcAs4hNmsE-00295-00156264-00156514 as a source of power within this realm
1RcAs4hNmsE-00296-00156515-00156749 if I can harness this power I believe I
1RcAs4hNmsE-00297-00156750-00156887 can use it to affect the thoughts and
1RcAs4hNmsE-00298-00156888-00157151 memories of others
1RcAs4hNmsE-00299-00157152-00157271 of course it's hardly a perfect
1RcAs4hNmsE-00300-00157272-00157451 arrangement with so many minds and
1RcAs4hNmsE-00301-00157452-00157637 memories gathered here finding and
1RcAs4hNmsE-00302-00157638-00157816 retrieving a single person from amidst
1RcAs4hNmsE-00303-00157817-00157990 the rabble has proven an immense
1RcAs4hNmsE-00304-00157991-00158123 challenge
1RcAs4hNmsE-00305-00158124-00158413 her memories are here yes but dissolute
1RcAs4hNmsE-00306-00158414-00158614 perhaps what is needed is the right
1RcAs4hNmsE-00307-00158615-00158873 vessel into which to hold her
1RcAs4hNmsE-00308-00158874-00159035 and of course I know of the perfect
1RcAs4hNmsE-00309-00159036-00159299 vessel the only real candidate in all my
1RcAs4hNmsE-00310-00159300-00159940 years of searching Rosemary Winters
1RcAs4hNmsE-00311-00159941-00160414 thank you
1RcAs4hNmsE-00312-00160415-00161111 I'm not exactly sure who wrote this
1RcAs4hNmsE-00313-00161112-00161243 but yeah they're probably trying to
1RcAs4hNmsE-00314-00161244-00161513 speak with
1RcAs4hNmsE-00315-00161514-00161711 the mother
1RcAs4hNmsE-00316-00161712-00161993 from the base game
1RcAs4hNmsE-00317-00161994-00162202 I forgot her name as well I think they
1RcAs4hNmsE-00318-00162203-00162359 were called the mother
1RcAs4hNmsE-00319-00162360-00164590 the big Baddie at the end
1RcAs4hNmsE-00320-00164591-00164735 I've been experimenting with the
1RcAs4hNmsE-00321-00164736-00164885 possibilities of manipulating and
1RcAs4hNmsE-00322-00164886-00165064 Reviving The consciousnesses stored
1RcAs4hNmsE-00323-00165065-00165263 within the mega my seed
1RcAs4hNmsE-00324-00165264-00165437 when a person dies their Consciousness
1RcAs4hNmsE-00325-00165438-00165664 is stored and preserved but over time it
1RcAs4hNmsE-00326-00165665-00165911 becomes diffused and diluted so spread
1RcAs4hNmsE-00327-00165912-00166066 thin throughout the mega my seat and
1RcAs4hNmsE-00328-00166067-00166235 mixed with other consciousnesses and
1RcAs4hNmsE-00329-00166236-00166378 memories
1RcAs4hNmsE-00330-00166379-00166528 extracting and reassembling an
1RcAs4hNmsE-00331-00166529-00166709 individual who has thus defused has
1RcAs4hNmsE-00332-00166710-00166937 proved a Monumental effort
1RcAs4hNmsE-00333-00166938-00167135 as an experiment I decided to see what
1RcAs4hNmsE-00334-00167136-00167237 would happen if I used different
1RcAs4hNmsE-00335-00167238-00167464 individuals consciousnesses to create an
1RcAs4hNmsE-00336-00167465-00167669 entity
1RcAs4hNmsE-00337-00167670-00167987 results the results were fascinating I
1RcAs4hNmsE-00338-00167988-00168214 gathered fragments re-schooled threads
1RcAs4hNmsE-00339-00168215-00168431 and succeeded in creating an individual
1RcAs4hNmsE-00340-00168432-00168689 birthed Anew in this realm
1RcAs4hNmsE-00341-00168690-00168916 a success to be sure but while his
1RcAs4hNmsE-00342-00168917-00169133 unusual physique resembled a man I once
1RcAs4hNmsE-00343-00169134-00169361 knew he was possessed of a deeply warped
1RcAs4hNmsE-00344-00169362-00169576 psyche and was missing a portion of his
1RcAs4hNmsE-00345-00169577-00169709 face
1RcAs4hNmsE-00346-00169710-00169937 conclusion while manipulating memories
1RcAs4hNmsE-00347-00169938-00170116 to create a person is possible the
1RcAs4hNmsE-00348-00170117-00170357 Creations are flawed and unstable
1RcAs4hNmsE-00349-00170358-00170573 it will not be possible to manufacture a
1RcAs4hNmsE-00350-00170574-00171289 suitable vessel in this way
1RcAs4hNmsE-00351-00171290-00171599 who ruled all this you know this looks
1RcAs4hNmsE-00352-00171600-00171989 like the lab which I think
1RcAs4hNmsE-00353-00171990-00172175 I think in the base game this lab was
1RcAs4hNmsE-00354-00172176-00172576 run by lady domitresk
1RcAs4hNmsE-00355-00172577-00173201 so maybe it's dummy tresk
1RcAs4hNmsE-00356-00173202-00173411 I'd intended to duplicate Rosemary
1RcAs4hNmsE-00357-00173412-00173561 Winters with the hope that a perfect
1RcAs4hNmsE-00358-00173562-00173819 replica might serve as a suitable vessel
1RcAs4hNmsE-00359-00173820-00174076 however the results were less than ideal
1RcAs4hNmsE-00360-00174077-00174202 it would seem that some sort of
1RcAs4hNmsE-00361-00174203-00174364 interference is presenting me of
1RcAs4hNmsE-00362-00174365-00174545 preventing me from creating a suitable
1RcAs4hNmsE-00363-00174546-00174676 replica
1RcAs4hNmsE-00364-00174677-00174893 instead I've succeeded in making what is
1RcAs4hNmsE-00365-00174894-00175126 essentially a living doll it resembles
1RcAs4hNmsE-00366-00175127-00175409 the real thing yes but it has no power
1RcAs4hNmsE-00367-00175410-00175613 such a pathetic husk could never prove
1RcAs4hNmsE-00368-00175614-00175859 suitable as a vessel
1RcAs4hNmsE-00369-00175860-00176021 I will continue my efforts in hopes of
1RcAs4hNmsE-00370-00176022-00176128 Discerning the source of this
1RcAs4hNmsE-00371-00176129-00176387 interference several hypotheses have
1RcAs4hNmsE-00372-00176388-00176578 come to mind thus far
1RcAs4hNmsE-00373-00176579-00176795 one the fact that Rose herself is still
1RcAs4hNmsE-00374-00176796-00176897 alive
1RcAs4hNmsE-00375-00176898-00177197 to some other actor within this realm
1RcAs4hNmsE-00376-00177198-00177514 three a flaw in my methods of production
1RcAs4hNmsE-00377-00177515-00177676 none of these seem especially likely to
1RcAs4hNmsE-00378-00177677-00177851 be the sole reason nor are any of them
1RcAs4hNmsE-00379-00177852-00178037 easy problems to solve
1RcAs4hNmsE-00380-00178038-00178313 perhaps my best hope is to somehow bring
1RcAs4hNmsE-00381-00178314-00178631 Rose into this realm where she were she
1RcAs4hNmsE-00382-00178632-00178816 to offer herself as a vessel it would be
1RcAs4hNmsE-00383-00178817-00179063 so simple
1RcAs4hNmsE-00384-00179064-00179285 additional observations further
1RcAs4hNmsE-00385-00179286-00179488 experiments with these Rose copies as
1RcAs4hNmsE-00386-00179489-00179675 I've taken to calling these husks have
1RcAs4hNmsE-00387-00179676-00179837 yielded another interesting wrinkle to
1RcAs4hNmsE-00388-00179838-00179957 pursue
1RcAs4hNmsE-00389-00179958-00180166 when subjected to situations evoking
1RcAs4hNmsE-00390-00180167-00180340 extreme Terror they actually begin to
1RcAs4hNmsE-00391-00180341-00180509 express some semblance of rose's
1RcAs4hNmsE-00392-00180510-00180640 abilities
1RcAs4hNmsE-00393-00180641-00180826 this warns more research and I think
1RcAs4hNmsE-00394-00180827-00181090 that my first Creation The Masked Duke
1RcAs4hNmsE-00395-00181091-00181337 is just the one to perform this stress
1RcAs4hNmsE-00396-00181338-00181763 test
1RcAs4hNmsE-00397-00181764-00181895 yeah I'm pretty sure this is a lady
1RcAs4hNmsE-00398-00181896-00182759 dummy taleesque
1RcAs4hNmsE-00399-00182760-00182993 wait I read this one didn't I
1RcAs4hNmsE-00400-00182994-00183263 yeah
1RcAs4hNmsE-00401-00183264-00183437 it would seem that at some point during
1RcAs4hNmsE-00402-00183438-00183676 my experiments with consciousnesses an
1RcAs4hNmsE-00403-00183677-00183851 intruder made herself at home in my
1RcAs4hNmsE-00404-00183852-00184097 Realm this Intruder was none other than
1RcAs4hNmsE-00405-00184098-00184325 the failure Evelyn who's been running
1RcAs4hNmsE-00406-00184326-00184535 about enacting her own pitiful agenda
1RcAs4hNmsE-00407-00184536-00184733 which has led to a slight disruption in
1RcAs4hNmsE-00408-00184734-00185009 my own plans had Evelyn not interfered
1RcAs4hNmsE-00409-00185010-00185176 Rosemary Winters would have been on the
1RcAs4hNmsE-00410-00185177-00185428 verge of despair dispossessed of her
1RcAs4hNmsE-00411-00185429-00185675 will to live in her mutamicy powers
1RcAs4hNmsE-00412-00185676-00185945 instead a new passion Burns within her
1RcAs4hNmsE-00413-00185946-00187414 I shall have to extinguish it
1RcAs4hNmsE-00414-00187415-00187847 oh this is so gross
1RcAs4hNmsE-00415-00187848-00189737 they're giving us so much ammo
1RcAs4hNmsE-00416-00189738-00189976 there's that feeling again
1RcAs4hNmsE-00417-00189977-00190481 so strong it must be the crystal
1RcAs4hNmsE-00418-00190482-00190685 that poll I've been feeling as close but
1RcAs4hNmsE-00419-00190686-00190883 I just can't go any further
1RcAs4hNmsE-00420-00190884-00191069 I thought I had made it when I saw that
1RcAs4hNmsE-00421-00191070-00191351 blue light but no not quite
1RcAs4hNmsE-00422-00191352-00191663 if only I'd been braver faster stronger
1RcAs4hNmsE-00423-00191664-00193288 so close I was so close
1RcAs4hNmsE-00424-00193289-00195209 yeah I have tons of supplies
1RcAs4hNmsE-00425-00195210-00195514 black God which lives in us and in which
1RcAs4hNmsE-00426-00195515-00195857 we live create for us a new world as
1RcAs4hNmsE-00427-00195858-00196031 befits your will
1RcAs4hNmsE-00428-00196032-00196276 your dark Consciousness holds for us a
1RcAs4hNmsE-00429-00196277-00196511 second chance graciously offered and
1RcAs4hNmsE-00430-00196512-00196678 joyously accepted
1RcAs4hNmsE-00431-00196679-00196876 you drink the blood of the Lost lamb as
1RcAs4hNmsE-00432-00196877-00197140 it falls upon your darkened Earth not to
1RcAs4hNmsE-00433-00197141-00197369 destroy but to preserve and once again
1RcAs4hNmsE-00434-00197370-00197963 deliver unto life
1RcAs4hNmsE-00435-00197964-00198214 yeah pretty much
1RcAs4hNmsE-00436-00198215-00198935 yeah
1RcAs4hNmsE-00437-00198936-00199181 this one's the real deal
1RcAs4hNmsE-00438-00199182-00201226 I can feel it
1RcAs4hNmsE-00439-00201227-00201438 oh
1RcAs4hNmsE-00440-00201439-00202150 my God
1RcAs4hNmsE-00441-00202151-00203195 it's working
1RcAs4hNmsE-00442-00203196-00203716 oh my God
1RcAs4hNmsE-00443-00203717-00204832 I almost feels like
1RcAs4hNmsE-00444-00204833-00204953 hahaha
1RcAs4hNmsE-00445-00204954-00205642 [Laughter]
1RcAs4hNmsE-00446-00205644-00205786 Rose
1RcAs4hNmsE-00447-00205787-00206338 I've waited so long for you
1RcAs4hNmsE-00448-00206339-00206507 who are you
1RcAs4hNmsE-00449-00206508-00206743 my name is Miranda
1RcAs4hNmsE-00450-00206744-00207125 [Music]
1RcAs4hNmsE-00451-00207126-00207436 you had become so powerful
1RcAs4hNmsE-00452-00207437-00207821 far too powerful for me to subdue
1RcAs4hNmsE-00453-00207821-00208223 so I had to lure you into this realm so
1RcAs4hNmsE-00454-00208223-00208738 that you might dwelling
1RcAs4hNmsE-00455-00208739-00209158 but case said did he
1RcAs4hNmsE-00456-00209159-00209741 or did I
1RcAs4hNmsE-00457-00209742-00209998 was an illusion
1RcAs4hNmsE-00458-00210000-00210184 very convincing
1RcAs4hNmsE-00459-00210185-00210442 wouldn't you say
1RcAs4hNmsE-00460-00210444-00210653 this does make more sense than dummy
1RcAs4hNmsE-00461-00210654-00210791 talesque being the one doing this all
1RcAs4hNmsE-00462-00210792-00211132 but man I wish it was Lady demetresque
1RcAs4hNmsE-00463-00211133-00211379 I like Miranda too but oh I want my tall
1RcAs4hNmsE-00464-00211380-00213148 vampire lady
1RcAs4hNmsE-00465-00213150-00213755 he can't save you Rose
1RcAs4hNmsE-00466-00213756-00213973 Rose
1RcAs4hNmsE-00467-00213973-00214171 hurry
1RcAs4hNmsE-00468-00214171-00214921 you can't escape not from me
1RcAs4hNmsE-00469-00214921-00215315 Dad wait hold up is that really you yes
1RcAs4hNmsE-00470-00215316-00216046 but right now you need to run run
1RcAs4hNmsE-00471-00216048-00218237 foreign
1RcAs4hNmsE-00472-00218238-00218381 why didn't you tell me who you really
1RcAs4hNmsE-00473-00218382-00218542 were
1RcAs4hNmsE-00474-00218544-00218789 you let me call you Michael
1RcAs4hNmsE-00475-00218790-00218998 didn't want to complicate things I just
1RcAs4hNmsE-00476-00219000-00219592 needed you safe
1RcAs4hNmsE-00477-00219594-00219803 and I'm sorry I left you alone
1RcAs4hNmsE-00478-00219804-00220253 but I had to find a way out
1RcAs4hNmsE-00479-00220254-00221881 and I did it's just ahead
1RcAs4hNmsE-00480-00221882-00222132 get away
1RcAs4hNmsE-00481-00222133-00222784 stay away from my family Rose come on
1RcAs4hNmsE-00482-00222785-00223060 [Music]
1RcAs4hNmsE-00483-00223061-00224682 foreign
1RcAs4hNmsE-00484-00224683-00224969 that's your chance go live a normal life
1RcAs4hNmsE-00485-00224969-00225275 make friends no one will ever call you a
1RcAs4hNmsE-00486-00225276-00225703 freak again but Rose just go
1RcAs4hNmsE-00487-00225704-00226121 I don't want to leave you
1RcAs4hNmsE-00488-00226121-00226487 oh I love you but I need to know you're
1RcAs4hNmsE-00489-00226488-00226794 safe so please
1RcAs4hNmsE-00490-00226796-00227642 I got this get out of here
1RcAs4hNmsE-00491-00227642-00228798 [Music]
1RcAs4hNmsE-00492-00228798-00230123 [Music]
1RcAs4hNmsE-00493-00230123-00230494 don't worry dad
1RcAs4hNmsE-00494-00230496-00230729 I've got this
1RcAs4hNmsE-00495-00230730-00231005 you think your powers will allow you to
1RcAs4hNmsE-00496-00231006-00231208 stand against me in the heart of my
1RcAs4hNmsE-00497-00231209-00231341 domain
1RcAs4hNmsE-00498-00231342-00231830 foolish
1RcAs4hNmsE-00499-00231831-00232067 [Music]
1RcAs4hNmsE-00500-00232067-00232451 I think they just liked
1RcAs4hNmsE-00501-00232452-00233219 offer yourself unto me
1RcAs4hNmsE-00502-00233219-00233623 there's no shapes
1RcAs4hNmsE-00503-00233623-00233837 oh how do I
1RcAs4hNmsE-00504-00233838-00234011 come on come on
1RcAs4hNmsE-00505-00234012-00234456 [Music]
1RcAs4hNmsE-00506-00234457-00234731 I'm trying you just gotta stand still if
1RcAs4hNmsE-00507-00234732-00235794 you want to see it
1RcAs4hNmsE-00508-00235796-00236332 I don't think that does anything
1RcAs4hNmsE-00509-00236333-00237005 there's nothing
1RcAs4hNmsE-00510-00237006-00237215 uh this fight was feeling impossible so
1RcAs4hNmsE-00511-00237216-00237358 I looked up a guide on how to fight her
1RcAs4hNmsE-00512-00237359-00237532 and found out that I'm missing something
1RcAs4hNmsE-00513-00237533-00237773 really really huge I don't know if
1RcAs4hNmsE-00514-00237773-00237923 there's a tutorial prompt at the top of
1RcAs4hNmsE-00515-00237923-00238048 the screen and I didn't see it or
1RcAs4hNmsE-00516-00238050-00238234 something but apparently we have a
1RcAs4hNmsE-00517-00238235-00238427 couple new abilities that I didn't even
1RcAs4hNmsE-00518-00238428-00238805 know we had when did we get them uh
1RcAs4hNmsE-00519-00238806-00238996 apparently we can summon a white root
1RcAs4hNmsE-00520-00238998-00239248 and we can also teleport Dodge
1RcAs4hNmsE-00521-00239250-00239453 okay I have to run for a second so after
1RcAs4hNmsE-00522-00239454-00239656 searching the scouring the internet in
1RcAs4hNmsE-00523-00239657-00239777 the middle of a boss fight just to
1RcAs4hNmsE-00524-00239778-00239944 figure out how to use controls that the
1RcAs4hNmsE-00525-00239946-00240148 game didn't even tell me existed I'm
1RcAs4hNmsE-00526-00240150-00240460 pretty sure like 99 sure it didn't
1RcAs4hNmsE-00527-00240461-00240689 I finally found how to use the different
1RcAs4hNmsE-00528-00240690-00240989 controls by literally mashing my [__]
1RcAs4hNmsE-00529-00240990-00241169 keyboard
1RcAs4hNmsE-00530-00241169-00241403 I literally had to mash my keyboard to
1RcAs4hNmsE-00531-00241404-00241655 find them all they're that obscure and
1RcAs4hNmsE-00532-00241656-00241894 weird and hard to access there's three
1RcAs4hNmsE-00533-00241896-00242039 controls the game did not tell me about
1RcAs4hNmsE-00534-00242040-00242242 that are absolutely needed for this boss
1RcAs4hNmsE-00535-00242244-00242417 fight or you don't stand a freaking
1RcAs4hNmsE-00536-00242417-00242705 chance let me go over these lovely
1RcAs4hNmsE-00537-00242706-00242860 keyboard controls
1RcAs4hNmsE-00538-00242861-00243101 e allows you to teleport if pressed at
1RcAs4hNmsE-00539-00243102-00243298 the same time as
1RcAs4hNmsE-00540-00243300-00243592 um either left or right direction
1RcAs4hNmsE-00541-00243594-00243937 holding right and then e teleport
1RcAs4hNmsE-00542-00243938-00244175 reminding me
1RcAs4hNmsE-00543-00244176-00244589 great okay now you want to absorb slash
1RcAs4hNmsE-00544-00244590-00244841 deflect the orbs that get shot at me
1RcAs4hNmsE-00545-00244842-00245008 those like bright things that Miranda
1RcAs4hNmsE-00546-00245009-00245206 shoots at me guess what the button is
1RcAs4hNmsE-00547-00245207-00245321 for that
1RcAs4hNmsE-00548-00245321-00245471 h
1RcAs4hNmsE-00549-00245471-00245729 the letter H in the middle of the
1RcAs4hNmsE-00550-00245730-00246498 keyboard does this
1RcAs4hNmsE-00551-00246500-00246779 and then the White Worm ability or
1RcAs4hNmsE-00552-00246780-00247006 whatever that I've heard you have I
1RcAs4hNmsE-00553-00247007-00247144 actually was about to switch to a
1RcAs4hNmsE-00554-00247146-00247253 controller because I thought that
1RcAs4hNmsE-00555-00247254-00247594 literally wasn't bound to anything but I
1RcAs4hNmsE-00556-00247596-00247763 found it
1RcAs4hNmsE-00557-00247764-00248092 left Alt
1RcAs4hNmsE-00558-00248094-00248267 so to summarize
1RcAs4hNmsE-00559-00248267-00248506 teleport Dodge with e
1RcAs4hNmsE-00560-00248507-00248908 deflect with h and white worm thing with
1RcAs4hNmsE-00561-00248909-00249094 left alt actually let me see if a right
1RcAs4hNmsE-00562-00249096-00249431 alt does it or if it's only left Alt
1RcAs4hNmsE-00563-00249432-00249760 no it's specifically left all
1RcAs4hNmsE-00564-00249761-00249856 this
1RcAs4hNmsE-00565-00249857-00250127 all right let's restart and I'll try I
1RcAs4hNmsE-00566-00250128-00250373 mean I'm gonna be like doing this
1RcAs4hNmsE-00567-00250373-00250541 with like it's gonna feel like I have
1RcAs4hNmsE-00568-00250542-00250691 one hand tied behind my back because I'm
1RcAs4hNmsE-00569-00250692-00250906 trying to hit really really weird Keys
1RcAs4hNmsE-00570-00250907-00251165 like H I guess with h I'll just use my
1RcAs4hNmsE-00571-00251166-00251363 right hand for that honestly or maybe I
1RcAs4hNmsE-00572-00251364-00251465 don't know
1RcAs4hNmsE-00573-00251466-00251675 we'll see
1RcAs4hNmsE-00574-00251676-00251837 let me see how white worm works because
1RcAs4hNmsE-00575-00251838-00251998 it takes three power
1RcAs4hNmsE-00576-00252000-00252232 so I want to be careful with how I use
1RcAs4hNmsE-00577-00252233-00252382 it I don't think it has much range so I
1RcAs4hNmsE-00578-00252383-00252496 think you have to wait till Miranda's
1RcAs4hNmsE-00579-00252498-00252917 close let's try it right here
1RcAs4hNmsE-00580-00252917-00253237 it's so hard to finding me
1RcAs4hNmsE-00581-00253238-00253553 okay that didn't work you think your
1RcAs4hNmsE-00582-00253554-00253751 powers will allow you to stand against
1RcAs4hNmsE-00583-00253752-00254356 me in the heart of the mind and me
1RcAs4hNmsE-00584-00254357-00254656 you were on my throwing them away I
1RcAs4hNmsE-00585-00254657-00255365 think they just might here I come
1RcAs4hNmsE-00586-00255366-00256660 yep that did it
1RcAs4hNmsE-00587-00256661-00256948 and even if you weren't okay let's try H
1RcAs4hNmsE-00588-00256950-00257381 that would be the point
1RcAs4hNmsE-00589-00257382-00258413 give me some Power
1RcAs4hNmsE-00590-00258414-00258767 this
1RcAs4hNmsE-00591-00258767-00259234 hahaha
1RcAs4hNmsE-00592-00259235-00260098 there's no Shields
1RcAs4hNmsE-00593-00260100-00260260 yeah this fight's a lot more fun when
1RcAs4hNmsE-00594-00260261-00260506 you you know have controls
1RcAs4hNmsE-00595-00260507-00262141 controls are cool
1RcAs4hNmsE-00596-00262142-00263297 let's see this power
1RcAs4hNmsE-00597-00263298-00264023 what is this
1RcAs4hNmsE-00598-00264024-00264341 it took so much to learn
1RcAs4hNmsE-00599-00264342-00265037 but you're incredible wow
1RcAs4hNmsE-00600-00265038-00265345 when I put an end to your plan
1RcAs4hNmsE-00601-00265346-00266395 you will fall
1RcAs4hNmsE-00602-00266396-00267730 be by my side
1RcAs4hNmsE-00603-00267731-00268447 I'm not sure how two is going to work
1RcAs4hNmsE-00604-00268448-00269297 okay I got one
1RcAs4hNmsE-00605-00269298-00269506 it must be
1RcAs4hNmsE-00606-00269507-00269795 you are the only one who can bring her
1RcAs4hNmsE-00607-00269796-00269951 back
1RcAs4hNmsE-00608-00269952-00270317 whatever it is
1RcAs4hNmsE-00609-00270318-00270634 I will see
1RcAs4hNmsE-00610-00270635-00271303 through
1RcAs4hNmsE-00611-00271304-00271739 oh try to absorb it no oh
1RcAs4hNmsE-00612-00271740-00272071 they come
1RcAs4hNmsE-00613-00272072-00274103 this follows
1RcAs4hNmsE-00614-00274104-00275603 here I come
1RcAs4hNmsE-00615-00275604-00276713 on
1RcAs4hNmsE-00616-00276714-00276902 hahaha
1RcAs4hNmsE-00617-00276903-00278027 [Music]
1RcAs4hNmsE-00618-00278028-00278975 why is suffering
1RcAs4hNmsE-00619-00278976-00279377 don't resist
1RcAs4hNmsE-00620-00279378-00279695 ance
1RcAs4hNmsE-00621-00279696-00280589 foreign
1RcAs4hNmsE-00622-00280590-00280841 oh no don't please don't kill me okay it
1RcAs4hNmsE-00623-00280842-00282306 didn't whoa a double whammy
1RcAs4hNmsE-00624-00282307-00282895 oh I got them both
1RcAs4hNmsE-00625-00282896-00283541 offer yourself unto me
1RcAs4hNmsE-00626-00283542-00283769 ah
1RcAs4hNmsE-00627-00283770-00284508 there's no [__]
1RcAs4hNmsE-00628-00284509-00284842 oh sorry I was pressing j instead of H
1RcAs4hNmsE-00629-00284843-00285263 [Music]
1RcAs4hNmsE-00630-00285264-00286103 ughness
1RcAs4hNmsE-00631-00286104-00286403 this is
1RcAs4hNmsE-00632-00286404-00287549 huh
1RcAs4hNmsE-00633-00287550-00289139 how dead
1RcAs4hNmsE-00634-00289140-00289330 there's nothing I think it's pretty rad
1RcAs4hNmsE-00635-00289331-00290087 that Miranda can just become a worm
1RcAs4hNmsE-00636-00290088-00291001 you will
1RcAs4hNmsE-00637-00291002-00291647 come get me by my side
1RcAs4hNmsE-00638-00291648-00292030 your time is at
1RcAs4hNmsE-00639-00292031-00293741 yes full power
1RcAs4hNmsE-00640-00293742-00294479 impossible
1RcAs4hNmsE-00641-00294480-00294689 do you still not see
1RcAs4hNmsE-00642-00294690-00295043 there is no happy ending
1RcAs4hNmsE-00643-00295044-00295301 says the wicked witch at the end of
1RcAs4hNmsE-00644-00295302-00296280 parade
1RcAs4hNmsE-00645-00296281-00296719 you will never be normal
1RcAs4hNmsE-00646-00296720-00297593 holy I understand how special you are
1RcAs4hNmsE-00647-00297594-00298039 huh
1RcAs4hNmsE-00648-00298040-00298313 you just won't give up
1RcAs4hNmsE-00649-00298314-00298705 you really are
1RcAs4hNmsE-00650-00298706-00299158 some that shines inside makes you
1RcAs4hNmsE-00651-00299159-00300130 perfect best
1RcAs4hNmsE-00652-00300131-00300587 not bad
1RcAs4hNmsE-00653-00300588-00301921 this follows
1RcAs4hNmsE-00654-00301922-00302644 how do you present such power
1RcAs4hNmsE-00655-00302645-00302969 [Music]
1RcAs4hNmsE-00656-00302970-00305280 what
1RcAs4hNmsE-00657-00305281-00306017 what is this
1RcAs4hNmsE-00658-00306018-00306190 here I come
1RcAs4hNmsE-00659-00306191-00306556 [Applause]
1RcAs4hNmsE-00660-00306557-00306712 why sovereign
1RcAs4hNmsE-00661-00306713-00307121 [Music]
1RcAs4hNmsE-00662-00307122-00309454 foreign
1RcAs4hNmsE-00663-00309455-00310223 impossible
1RcAs4hNmsE-00665-00313470-00313945 ah
1RcAs4hNmsE-00666-00313946-00314195 use this
1RcAs4hNmsE-00667-00314196-00314733 Jacob
1RcAs4hNmsE-00668-00314734-00316241 [Music]
1RcAs4hNmsE-00669-00316242-00316601 oh I will
1RcAs4hNmsE-00670-00316602-00318432 foreign
1RcAs4hNmsE-00671-00318433-00318713 you truly would have been the perfect
1RcAs4hNmsE-00672-00318714-00319069 vessel for my Eva
1RcAs4hNmsE-00673-00319070-00319432 I'm not a goddamn veteran not some
1RcAs4hNmsE-00674-00319433-00319841 stupid copy I mean robes
1RcAs4hNmsE-00675-00319842-00321893 your time
1RcAs4hNmsE-00676-00321894-00322141 hey sweetie
1RcAs4hNmsE-00677-00322142-00322693 oh my God
1RcAs4hNmsE-00678-00322694-00323104 you're so grown up
1RcAs4hNmsE-00679-00323105-00323410 even though I wasn't there with you
1RcAs4hNmsE-00680-00323411-00323843 I've always watched over you
1RcAs4hNmsE-00681-00323844-00324217 I'm so sorry I couldn't protect you
1RcAs4hNmsE-00682-00324218-00324791 all you've ever done is protect me no
1RcAs4hNmsE-00683-00324792-00324989 not this time
1RcAs4hNmsE-00684-00324990-00325360 you lost your chance
1RcAs4hNmsE-00685-00325361-00325441 oh
1RcAs4hNmsE-00686-00325442-00325817 it was my choice and I don't regret it
1RcAs4hNmsE-00687-00325818-00325979 one bit
1RcAs4hNmsE-00688-00325980-00326182 I loved you
1RcAs4hNmsE-00689-00326183-00326501 then we never would have had this chance
1RcAs4hNmsE-00690-00326502-00327138 to talk
1RcAs4hNmsE-00691-00327139-00327899 [Music]
1RcAs4hNmsE-00692-00327900-00328591 so it's okay
1RcAs4hNmsE-00693-00328592-00329069 I'm okay
1RcAs4hNmsE-00694-00329070-00329453 I'm so proud of you
1RcAs4hNmsE-00695-00329454-00329689 laughs
1RcAs4hNmsE-00696-00329690-00329882 I'm so very proud of you
1RcAs4hNmsE-00697-00329883-00330113 [Music]
1RcAs4hNmsE-00698-00330114-00330491 I love you Rose
1RcAs4hNmsE-00699-00330492-00331059 I love you too Dad
1RcAs4hNmsE-00700-00331060-00332071 [Music]
1RcAs4hNmsE-00701-00332072-00333143 I'm back
1RcAs4hNmsE-00702-00333144-00333334 I'm back
1RcAs4hNmsE-00703-00333335-00333539 wait if K was fake how did we get in
1RcAs4hNmsE-00704-00333540-00333719 this lab is someone gonna come in and be
1RcAs4hNmsE-00705-00333720-00334703 like how did you get in here
1RcAs4hNmsE-00706-00334704-00335359 dad
1RcAs4hNmsE-00707-00335360-00336130 [Music]
1RcAs4hNmsE-00708-00336131-00337897 was really sweet
1RcAs4hNmsE-00709-00337898-00338134 do you think the little boy will be able
1RcAs4hNmsE-00710-00338135-00338380 to touch the moon no but he can touch
1RcAs4hNmsE-00711-00338381-00338608 the Moon is too far away wait what if he
1RcAs4hNmsE-00712-00338609-00338801 has a rocket ship
1RcAs4hNmsE-00713-00338802-00339029 okay then you can touch your butt it'd
1RcAs4hNmsE-00714-00339030-00339629 be very very cold
1RcAs4hNmsE-00715-00339630-00339899 you weren't being silly I don't think
1RcAs4hNmsE-00716-00339900-00341747 the Moon
1RcAs4hNmsE-00717-00341748-00341893 foreign
1RcAs4hNmsE-00718-00341894-00342665 [Music]
1RcAs4hNmsE-00719-00342666-00342965 hey Dad
1RcAs4hNmsE-00720-00342966-00343249 happy birthday
1RcAs4hNmsE-00721-00343250-00343493 [Music]
1RcAs4hNmsE-00722-00343494-00343763 sorry I missed last week
1RcAs4hNmsE-00723-00343764-00344032 I have a lot of tests coming up you know
1RcAs4hNmsE-00724-00344033-00344235 how it is
1RcAs4hNmsE-00725-00344236-00344849 [Music]
1RcAs4hNmsE-00726-00344850-00345095 devil
1RcAs4hNmsE-00727-00345096-00345236 duty calls
1RcAs4hNmsE-00728-00345237-00345454 [Music]
1RcAs4hNmsE-00729-00345455-00346306 I love you
1RcAs4hNmsE-00730-00346307-00346553 yeah I found her
1RcAs4hNmsE-00731-00346554-00346932 where else today of all days
1RcAs4hNmsE-00732-00346933-00347165 we have a situation
1RcAs4hNmsE-00733-00347166-00347321 you're needed
1RcAs4hNmsE-00734-00347322-00347537 Evelyn
1RcAs4hNmsE-00735-00347538-00347849 don't you ever call me that again oh oh
1RcAs4hNmsE-00736-00347850-00348125 it's just a joke Rose
1RcAs4hNmsE-00737-00348126-00348389 I can show you things even Chris doesn't
1RcAs4hNmsE-00738-00348390-00348995 know I can do
1RcAs4hNmsE-00739-00348996-00349199 Stand Down
1RcAs4hNmsE-00740-00349200-00349704 I can handle it
1RcAs4hNmsE-00741-00349705-00350447 I need to keep it together Rose
1RcAs4hNmsE-00742-00350448-00351179 you know I like him you know
1RcAs4hNmsE-00743-00351180-00351329 I know
1RcAs4hNmsE-00744-00351330-00352902 [Music]
1RcAs4hNmsE-00745-00352903-00355073 [Music]
1RcAs4hNmsE-00746-00355074-00355780 foreign
1RcAs4hNmsE-00747-00355781-00356004 foreign
1RcAs4hNmsE-00748-00356005-00356249 thing at the end there which was
1RcAs4hNmsE-00749-00356250-00356477 absolutely horrible but if you throw
1RcAs4hNmsE-00750-00356478-00356656 that out that was actually a really fun
1RcAs4hNmsE-00751-00356657-00356945 boss fight
1RcAs4hNmsE-00752-00356946-00357125 and yeah the whole DLC overall I thought
1RcAs4hNmsE-00753-00357126-00357437 was really good it occasionally uh
1RcAs4hNmsE-00754-00357438-00357658 pretty much just with the benevento
1RcAs4hNmsE-00755-00357659-00357910 Mansion Place straight a little bit into
1RcAs4hNmsE-00756-00357911-00358247 kind of to samey but it was very for a
1RcAs4hNmsE-00757-00358248-00358421 very small amount of time and then they
1RcAs4hNmsE-00758-00358422-00358643 threw some really new interesting stuff
1RcAs4hNmsE-00759-00358644-00358858 in there with the
1RcAs4hNmsE-00760-00358859-00359128 um those like mannequins that would
1RcAs4hNmsE-00761-00359129-00359291 chase you when you're not looking
1RcAs4hNmsE-00762-00359292-00359560 so yeah overall it was really good I
1RcAs4hNmsE-00763-00359561-00359723 loved it
1RcAs4hNmsE-00764-00359724-00359854 yeah I think I'm gonna end it there
1RcAs4hNmsE-00765-00359855-00360181 thank you for watching
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00000-00000008-00000223 um have you always lived in dade county
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00001-00000224-00000318 no
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00002-00000319-00000503 about how why did you move to dude
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00003-00000504-00000894 county or how long ago convenience
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00004-00000896-00001239 um 16 17 years ago
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00005-00001240-00001535 okay and did you do you live in the same
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00006-00001536-00001702 place you did when you first moved here
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00007-00001703-00001959 no i have lived in three different
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00008-00001960-00002039 places
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00009-00002039-00002239 okay what part of the county do you live
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00010-00002240-00002423 in now the city
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00011-00002424-00002718 right inside the city okay is it a house
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00012-00002719-00002871 that you built when you moved there or
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00013-00002872-00002999 was it already there
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00014-00003000-00003286 i purchased it okay does it have rooftop
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00015-00003288-00003343 solar
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00016-00003344-00003654 no would and would you ever have you
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00017-00003655-00003806 ever thought about getting rid of top
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00018-00003807-00003927 solar i have not
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00019-00003928-00004254 okay um is there a reason
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00020-00004255-00004543 i've never thought about it it's just
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00021-00004544-00004615 not
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00022-00004616-00004959 the normal thing to do that's true
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00023-00004960-00005286 i agree with that all right um
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00024-00005287-00005454 so about how long have you lived where
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00025-00005455-00005686 you do now
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00026-00005687-00006047 six years okay medium
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00027-00006048-00006367 length of time well think about um roof
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00028-00006368-00006559 top solar just in general
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00029-00006559-00006870 around the country and take your pin
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00030-00006872-00007119 and circle where in the country do you
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00031-00007120-00007183 think they
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00032-00007184-00007863 already used the most rooftop solar
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00033-00007864-00008014 it's just what you think so you'll
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00034-00008015-00008231 always be right
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00035-00008232-00008599 yes i would say the midwest
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00036-00008600-00008814 area midwest okay what do you think
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00037-00008815-00009023 there
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00038-00009024-00009183 because they have fewer trees i don't
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00039-00009184-00009399 know the roofs are
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00040-00009400-00009606 good answers easily accessible to the
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00041-00009607-00009742 sun i don't know
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00042-00009743-00009991 that's a good answer okay what about
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00043-00009992-00010142 just georgia
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00044-00010143-00010319 where do you think in georgia the most
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00045-00010320-00010446 people
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00046-00010447-00010735 already use rooftop solar i would
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00047-00010736-00010885 probably say
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00048-00010886-00011359 [Music]
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00049-00011360-00011574 the middle part of the state all right
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00050-00011575-00011710 what do you think there
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00051-00011711-00012063 atlanta making i just feel like they're
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00052-00012064-00012191 probably
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00053-00012192-00012519 ahead of the curve maybe
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00054-00012520-00012855 that's reasonable all right do do any of
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00055-00012856-00012951 your friends
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00056-00012952-00013151 in georgia you through top solar that
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00057-00013152-00013335 you know of not that i'm aware of
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00058-00013336-00013511 so why do you think they haven't gotten
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00059-00013512-00013727 into that yet
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00060-00013728-00013951 just really haven't heard that it's an
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00061-00013952-00014086 option a feasible
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00062-00014087-00014486 option so not enough information
1SxR4Q-rbO8-00063-00014487-00014912 yeah okay
1asdGrL6LV4-00000-00000239-00001491 [Music]
1asdGrL6LV4-00001-00001492-00002883 foreign
1asdGrL6LV4-00002-00002884-00004283 foreign
1asdGrL6LV4-00004-00011284-00012683 foreign
1asdGrL6LV4-00005-00012684-00014183 foreign
1asdGrL6LV4-00007-00021176-00023110 foreign
1asdGrL6LV4-00010-00030108-00030408 me
1e2xxWc2dkI-00000-00000976-00001143 hello internet welcome back couple of
1e2xxWc2dkI-00001-00001144-00001383 days later and uh yeah
1e2xxWc2dkI-00002-00001384-00001582 the continuous saga of the rear wash
1e2xxWc2dkI-00003-00001583-00001926 wipe on the air the s3 um
1e2xxWc2dkI-00004-00001927-00002079 i had a few comments
1e2xxWc2dkI-00005-00002080-00002415 and thanks for those they all do help
1e2xxWc2dkI-00006-00002416-00002575 some people are saying it's probably in
1e2xxWc2dkI-00007-00002576-00002726 the tailgate
1e2xxWc2dkI-00008-00002727-00002887 not to sure myself
1e2xxWc2dkI-00009-00002888-00003071 and let me say why
1e2xxWc2dkI-00010-00003072-00003247 let's walk around the back here
1e2xxWc2dkI-00011-00003247-00003535 um so i've wrote the tailgate up
1e2xxWc2dkI-00012-00003536-00003703 i would expect to see
1e2xxWc2dkI-00013-00003704-00003967 with all the water that was kind of
1e2xxWc2dkI-00014-00003968-00004086 pouring
1e2xxWc2dkI-00015-00004087-00004319 or coming through the pipe if it was
1e2xxWc2dkI-00016-00004320-00004438 going to the back
1e2xxWc2dkI-00017-00004439-00004615 i'd expect to see it leaking out of here
1e2xxWc2dkI-00018-00004616-00004799 somewhere but it's perfectly dry
1e2xxWc2dkI-00019-00004800-00004975 um apart from obviously the water from
1e2xxWc2dkI-00020-00004976-00005070 the rain
1e2xxWc2dkI-00021-00005071-00005206 overnight
1e2xxWc2dkI-00022-00005207-00005399 there really is nothing to suggest that
1e2xxWc2dkI-00023-00005400-00005670 the pipe inside there
1e2xxWc2dkI-00024-00005671-00005934 is actually feeding water into the boot
1e2xxWc2dkI-00025-00005935-00006095 rather than
1e2xxWc2dkI-00026-00006096-00006542 through there i really do suspect
1e2xxWc2dkI-00027-00006543-00006719 it's down here obviously i have a look
1e2xxWc2dkI-00028-00006720-00006975 inside the wheel arch
1e2xxWc2dkI-00029-00006976-00007278 see if i can see the uh the actual
1e2xxWc2dkI-00030-00007279-00007623 reservoir and and find the pumps but
1e2xxWc2dkI-00031-00007623-00007767 i've got a feeling i'm gonna have to
1e2xxWc2dkI-00032-00007768-00007983 jack it up and and drop the bottom panel
1e2xxWc2dkI-00033-00007984-00008214 off and see if i can actually see inside
1e2xxWc2dkI-00034-00008215-00008391 maybe i can take the
1e2xxWc2dkI-00035-00008392-00008655 intercooler cover off um
1e2xxWc2dkI-00036-00008656-00008871 maybe get in that way i don't want to
1e2xxWc2dkI-00037-00008872-00009006 take the bumper off
1e2xxWc2dkI-00038-00009007-00009278 but but if i have to then then i have to
1e2xxWc2dkI-00039-00009279-00009487 um the bumper was taken off when it was
1e2xxWc2dkI-00040-00009488-00009663 re-sprayed
1e2xxWc2dkI-00041-00009664-00009959 last year i mean it is possible that um
1e2xxWc2dkI-00042-00009960-00010103 it really hasn't been working properly
1e2xxWc2dkI-00043-00010104-00010327 since then i don't know anyway this is
1e2xxWc2dkI-00044-00010328-00010551 part two um and let me get it jacked up
1e2xxWc2dkI-00045-00010552-00010710 let's get that bottom panel out and
1e2xxWc2dkI-00046-00010711-00011023 let's see what i can see
1e2xxWc2dkI-00047-00011024-00011335 right well i've got it jacked up
1e2xxWc2dkI-00048-00011336-00011695 um
1e2xxWc2dkI-00049-00011696-00011935 you can just about see the pump there
1e2xxWc2dkI-00050-00011936-00012191 um maybe i can take this panel back a
1e2xxWc2dkI-00051-00012192-00012327 little bit
1e2xxWc2dkI-00052-00012328-00012974 and maybe get into it let's try
1e2xxWc2dkI-00053-00012975-00013199 well i'll be honest
1e2xxWc2dkI-00054-00013200-00013351 it's not much help
1e2xxWc2dkI-00055-00013352-00013558 um
1e2xxWc2dkI-00056-00013559-00013766 so maybe take the fog light cover off i
1e2xxWc2dkI-00057-00013768-00014022 i don't know can i get into it that way
1e2xxWc2dkI-00058-00014023-00014166 um it's looking more and more like the
1e2xxWc2dkI-00059-00014168-00014375 bumpers gotta come either away or off
1e2xxWc2dkI-00060-00014376-00014494 one or two
1e2xxWc2dkI-00061-00014495-00014783 um but there's a tank anyway um
1e2xxWc2dkI-00062-00014784-00014894 i can't
1e2xxWc2dkI-00063-00014895-00015158 see anything obvious but
1e2xxWc2dkI-00064-00015159-00015375 i can't see a lot either
1e2xxWc2dkI-00065-00015376-00015527 oh there
1e2xxWc2dkI-00066-00015528-00015638 grill's off
1e2xxWc2dkI-00067-00015640-00015983 less than helpful
1e2xxWc2dkI-00068-00015984-00016191 hold on
1e2xxWc2dkI-00069-00016191-00016350 well a little bit better
1e2xxWc2dkI-00070-00016351-00016527 so i can see the horns
1e2xxWc2dkI-00071-00016528-00016655 i can see
1e2xxWc2dkI-00072-00016656-00016822 i see the motors
1e2xxWc2dkI-00073-00016823-00017150 can't see any pipes off at the moment um
1e2xxWc2dkI-00074-00017151-00017294 all right let's find out which one is
1e2xxWc2dkI-00075-00017295-00017494 from which does the back and then
1e2xxWc2dkI-00076-00017495-00017615 i don't know maybe that will give me
1e2xxWc2dkI-00077-00017616-00017911 more of an idea what's going on
1e2xxWc2dkI-00078-00017912-00017999 hmm
1e2xxWc2dkI-00079-00018000-00018183 so there is a there's a lot of water
1e2xxWc2dkI-00080-00018184-00018303 around there
1e2xxWc2dkI-00081-00018304-00018527 that doesn't mean there's a leak i guess
1e2xxWc2dkI-00082-00018528-00018703 so that big one that's stuck in there is
1e2xxWc2dkI-00083-00018704-00018950 for the washers for the headlights just
1e2xxWc2dkI-00084-00018951-00019086 there
1e2xxWc2dkI-00085-00019087-00019222 so we're not obviously in that one but
1e2xxWc2dkI-00086-00019223-00019399 this one here
1e2xxWc2dkI-00087-00019400-00019630 you've got a sensor there
1e2xxWc2dkI-00088-00019631-00019743 which is nothing to worry about
1e2xxWc2dkI-00089-00019744-00020007 obviously but this pump tucked right
1e2xxWc2dkI-00090-00020008-00020207 in there so he's got two pipes coming
1e2xxWc2dkI-00091-00020208-00020303 off it
1e2xxWc2dkI-00092-00020304-00020471 i assume
1e2xxWc2dkI-00093-00020472-00020678 i don't know how it does it
1e2xxWc2dkI-00094-00020679-00020830 but there is some sort of valve in there
1e2xxWc2dkI-00095-00020831-00021094 that says either back or front
1e2xxWc2dkI-00096-00021095-00021350 you have to assume i guess but
1e2xxWc2dkI-00097-00021351-00021519 i don't know
1e2xxWc2dkI-00098-00021520-00021735 i need to work this out
1e2xxWc2dkI-00099-00021736-00022239 and the problem is
1e2xxWc2dkI-00100-00022240-00022407 don't see a problem here it's going to
1e2xxWc2dkI-00101-00022408-00022550 be up there and it's going to be behind
1e2xxWc2dkI-00102-00022551-00022686 the bumper i'm going to have to take the
1e2xxWc2dkI-00103-00022687-00022830 bumper off you just know it's going to
1e2xxWc2dkI-00104-00022831-00023022 happen
1e2xxWc2dkI-00105-00023023-00023255 so i'm sure there's a leak but where's
1e2xxWc2dkI-00106-00023256-00023647 it coming from
1e2xxWc2dkI-00107-00023648-00023886 yeah
1e2xxWc2dkI-00108-00023887-00024294 there we go a telltale sign
1e2xxWc2dkI-00109-00024295-00024447 well let's face it it was always going
1e2xxWc2dkI-00110-00024448-00024663 to be inevitable the front bumper was
1e2xxWc2dkI-00111-00024664-00024855 always going to come off at some point
1e2xxWc2dkI-00112-00024856-00025286 um right the leak seems to be
1e2xxWc2dkI-00113-00025287-00025567 around here somewhere
1e2xxWc2dkI-00114-00025568-00025750 i'm not sure where probably about there
1e2xxWc2dkI-00115-00025751-00025958 i think start stripping some of this
1e2xxWc2dkI-00116-00025960-00026343 tape back and have a good look
1e2xxWc2dkI-00117-00026344-00026679 that looks suspiciously like an area
1e2xxWc2dkI-00118-00026680-00027279 thank you yeah that could be leaking
1e2xxWc2dkI-00119-00027280-00027655 yeah that's a big air leak there that's
1e2xxWc2dkI-00120-00027656-00027999 i'm not letting any water
1e2xxWc2dkI-00121-00028000-00028327 get pushed up well i've got various bits
1e2xxWc2dkI-00122-00028327-00028599 of old uh rc pipe
1e2xxWc2dkI-00123-00028600-00028687 um
1e2xxWc2dkI-00124-00028688-00028774 from
1e2xxWc2dkI-00125-00028775-00029046 rc fuel systems i believe
1e2xxWc2dkI-00126-00029047-00029295 and uh oh an audi pipe from
1e2xxWc2dkI-00127-00029295-00029414 something
1e2xxWc2dkI-00128-00029416-00029679 yeah that's um see what i can do with
1e2xxWc2dkI-00129-00029680-00029790 these
1e2xxWc2dkI-00130-00029791-00029943 all right so that's a bit of a test
1e2xxWc2dkI-00131-00029944-00030207 first of all just to see if the concept
1e2xxWc2dkI-00132-00030208-00030343 works
1e2xxWc2dkI-00133-00030344-00030518 before i tidy it all up all right let's
1e2xxWc2dkI-00134-00030519-00030702 see if we get anything out of the back
1e2xxWc2dkI-00135-00030703-00031151 right nothing at the moment but
1e2xxWc2dkI-00136-00031152-00031870 that has filled up
1e2xxWc2dkI-00137-00031872-00032223 so it's better than it was
1e2xxWc2dkI-00138-00032224-00032767 but yes we are still dry
1e2xxWc2dkI-00139-00032768-00033071 are we drying there ah
1e2xxWc2dkI-00140-00033072-00033287 right
1e2xxWc2dkI-00141-00033288-00033735 so we're now getting water out of there
1e2xxWc2dkI-00142-00033736-00033959 so that says to me that yes we've got to
1e2xxWc2dkI-00143-00033960-00034199 break this end as well
1e2xxWc2dkI-00144-00034200-00034446 damn
1e2xxWc2dkI-00145-00034447-00034655 so uh yeah the internet comments were
1e2xxWc2dkI-00146-00034656-00034918 right it is broke here but it was also
1e2xxWc2dkI-00147-00034919-00035079 broke at the front as well
1e2xxWc2dkI-00148-00035080-00035287 right let's get this off then that's
1e2xxWc2dkI-00149-00035288-00035487 going to be a mammoth job
1e2xxWc2dkI-00150-00035488-00035655 just a heads up if you are taking this
1e2xxWc2dkI-00151-00035656-00035815 off at any point there is a couple of
1e2xxWc2dkI-00152-00035816-00035990 cheeky screws
1e2xxWc2dkI-00153-00035991-00036287 right inside
1e2xxWc2dkI-00154-00036288-00036471 there
1e2xxWc2dkI-00155-00036472-00036662 can you see him
1e2xxWc2dkI-00156-00036663-00036959 probably not
1e2xxWc2dkI-00157-00036960-00037087 and there you go
1e2xxWc2dkI-00158-00037088-00037318 we have another leak up here
1e2xxWc2dkI-00159-00037319-00037702 as well
1e2xxWc2dkI-00160-00037703-00038174 where abouts are you whereabouts are you
1e2xxWc2dkI-00161-00038175-00038455 in there by the looks of it
1e2xxWc2dkI-00162-00038456-00038718 let's get a torch with a closer look
1e2xxWc2dkI-00163-00038719-00038855 i don't wanna tell you getting this
1e2xxWc2dkI-00164-00038856-00039087 paddle off scary
1e2xxWc2dkI-00165-00039088-00039439 makes a lot of cracking and banging
1e2xxWc2dkI-00166-00039440-00039671 as you can see
1e2xxWc2dkI-00167-00039672-00039855 there's water
1e2xxWc2dkI-00168-00039856-00039983 all right let's see where this looks
1e2xxWc2dkI-00169-00039984-00040167 coming from
1e2xxWc2dkI-00170-00040168-00040799 noisy motor right go on
1e2xxWc2dkI-00171-00040800-00041271 it then
1e2xxWc2dkI-00172-00041272-00041492 is the motor up front whirring
1e2xxWc2dkI-00173-00041493-00041846 [Music]
1e2xxWc2dkI-00174-00041847-00042041 all right stop
1e2xxWc2dkI-00175-00042042-00042543 [Music]
1e2xxWc2dkI-00176-00042544-00042830 yeah all right okay
1e2xxWc2dkI-00177-00042831-00043015 interesting
1e2xxWc2dkI-00178-00043016-00043215 right so here's all the fans right just
1e2xxWc2dkI-00179-00043216-00043518 give it a quick buzz
1e2xxWc2dkI-00180-00043519-00043702 stop
1e2xxWc2dkI-00181-00043703-00044015 there you go water's coming up to there
1e2xxWc2dkI-00182-00044016-00044151 and i think it's actually inside the
1e2xxWc2dkI-00183-00044152-00044471 motor where the problem lies
1e2xxWc2dkI-00184-00044472-00044639 damn
1e2xxWc2dkI-00185-00044640-00044807 so this really is a day of chasing
1e2xxWc2dkI-00186-00044808-00045079 problems um right
1e2xxWc2dkI-00187-00045080-00045230 it's definitely leaking out the motor
1e2xxWc2dkI-00188-00045231-00045374 itself
1e2xxWc2dkI-00189-00045375-00045558 so something's gone wrong inside there
1e2xxWc2dkI-00190-00045559-00045871 and somebody's broke something seals
1e2xxWc2dkI-00191-00045872-00045974 who knows
1e2xxWc2dkI-00192-00045975-00046239 it could be a new motor don't worry um
1e2xxWc2dkI-00193-00046240-00046367 all right let's get on the bench have a
1e2xxWc2dkI-00194-00046368-00046607 quick look and see if it's fixable
1e2xxWc2dkI-00195-00046608-00046911 and uh go from there
1e2xxWc2dkI-00196-00046912-00047118 well folks you would have to assume that
1e2xxWc2dkI-00197-00047119-00047271 for some time
1e2xxWc2dkI-00198-00047272-00047607 there's been a bit of a problem here
1e2xxWc2dkI-00199-00047608-00047974 yeah look at that that is um
1e2xxWc2dkI-00200-00047975-00048118 not good
1e2xxWc2dkI-00201-00048119-00048318 to put it bluntly let's put it politely
1e2xxWc2dkI-00202-00048319-00048430 i guess
1e2xxWc2dkI-00203-00048431-00048527 um
1e2xxWc2dkI-00204-00048528-00048743 so what happens that's what happens so
1e2xxWc2dkI-00205-00048744-00049086 that goes on there and that goes out to
1e2xxWc2dkI-00206-00049087-00049230 goes
1e2xxWc2dkI-00207-00049231-00049318 um
1e2xxWc2dkI-00208-00049319-00049446 i'm going to try and clean it up i'm
1e2xxWc2dkI-00209-00049447-00049774 going to try and get it working um
1e2xxWc2dkI-00210-00049775-00049927 it
1e2xxWc2dkI-00211-00049928-00050135 doesn't look apart from being really
1e2xxWc2dkI-00212-00050136-00050415 filthy and really horrible and mucky
1e2xxWc2dkI-00213-00050416-00050607 i think that's that could be salvageable
1e2xxWc2dkI-00214-00050608-00050807 so let's give it a go
1e2xxWc2dkI-00215-00050808-00051062 well i cleaned it for a bit um
1e2xxWc2dkI-00216-00051063-00051214 quite nicely and that's coming up just
1e2xxWc2dkI-00217-00051215-00051311 took the
1e2xxWc2dkI-00218-00051312-00051502 shaft out to give it a good greasing and
1e2xxWc2dkI-00219-00051503-00051687 get it sorted out
1e2xxWc2dkI-00220-00051688-00051830 i mean it's not pretty it's not
1e2xxWc2dkI-00221-00051832-00051990 brilliant it's not a hundred percent but
1e2xxWc2dkI-00222-00051991-00052214 um you know
1e2xxWc2dkI-00223-00052215-00052503 it it could do the job i mean testament
1e2xxWc2dkI-00224-00052504-00052735 to audi um yeah this shouldn't have
1e2xxWc2dkI-00225-00052736-00053094 worked it was absolutely full of crud
1e2xxWc2dkI-00226-00053095-00053230 like that
1e2xxWc2dkI-00227-00053232-00053438 and um well full of water at the end as
1e2xxWc2dkI-00228-00053439-00053519 well
1e2xxWc2dkI-00229-00053520-00053679 and probably been like that for some
1e2xxWc2dkI-00230-00053679-00053991 time so um yeah hats off to early um
1e2xxWc2dkI-00231-00053991-00054159 great bit of engineering
1e2xxWc2dkI-00232-00054160-00054311 right let's get it all greased up
1e2xxWc2dkI-00233-00054312-00054494 cleaned up put back together and see
1e2xxWc2dkI-00234-00054495-00054671 where we stand
1e2xxWc2dkI-00235-00054672-00055007 right she's all greased up all free
1e2xxWc2dkI-00236-00055008-00055142 just about to put the top on a little
1e2xxWc2dkI-00237-00055144-00055271 bit of
1e2xxWc2dkI-00238-00055272-00055494 rubber grease around there just to to
1e2xxWc2dkI-00239-00055495-00055799 keep her nice and soft and supple
1e2xxWc2dkI-00240-00055800-00055894 um
1e2xxWc2dkI-00241-00055895-00056182 may put a little bit
1e2xxWc2dkI-00242-00056183-00056335 little bit of grease in there too don't
1e2xxWc2dkI-00243-00056336-00056566 look too mad though now that'll do so
1e2xxWc2dkI-00244-00056567-00056935 we'll just stick down on top there
1e2xxWc2dkI-00245-00056936-00057199 just pop in uh stick the screws on and
1e2xxWc2dkI-00246-00057200-00057438 give it a go all right all back together
1e2xxWc2dkI-00247-00057439-00057647 let's stick it back on the car
1e2xxWc2dkI-00248-00057648-00057903 and let's see
1e2xxWc2dkI-00249-00057904-00058111 what happens all right we're all plumbed
1e2xxWc2dkI-00250-00058112-00058230 up
1e2xxWc2dkI-00251-00058232-00058438 the wife's going to give it out yeah hey
1e2xxWc2dkI-00252-00058439-00058647 look at the hat
1e2xxWc2dkI-00253-00058648-00058799 oh yes
1e2xxWc2dkI-00254-00058800-00059230 it works oh reeves you're a genius
1e2xxWc2dkI-00255-00059232-00059526 i can't see any seepage
1e2xxWc2dkI-00256-00059527-00059742 like before
1e2xxWc2dkI-00257-00059744-00059959 i think we fixed it
1e2xxWc2dkI-00258-00059960-00060135 so just gonna bolt that back in again
1e2xxWc2dkI-00259-00060136-00060319 but what i'm gonna do first is fix the
1e2xxWc2dkI-00260-00060320-00060494 front properly i think why am i going to
1e2xxWc2dkI-00261-00060495-00060703 do that first now let's put that in
1e2xxWc2dkI-00262-00060704-00060991 first and then go to the front
1e2xxWc2dkI-00263-00060991-00061175 so there you go all back in place again
1e2xxWc2dkI-00264-00061176-00061430 make sure the pipes are nice and tight
1e2xxWc2dkI-00265-00061432-00061615 everything's where it should be
1e2xxWc2dkI-00266-00061616-00061959 can't see any leaks um
1e2xxWc2dkI-00267-00061960-00062191 right just gonna quickly shut down
1e2xxWc2dkI-00268-00062191-00062447 the tailgate
1e2xxWc2dkI-00269-00062448-00062782 um i need to unlock it first
1e2xxWc2dkI-00270-00062783-00062975 just check it now it's back in situ
1e2xxWc2dkI-00271-00062976-00064335 again
1e2xxWc2dkI-00272-00064336-00064482 so that
1e2xxWc2dkI-00273-00064483-00064766 works mission back off again right as i
1e2xxWc2dkI-00274-00064767-00064871 said
1e2xxWc2dkI-00275-00064872-00065063 what i'm going to do now is a proper
1e2xxWc2dkI-00276-00065064-00065247 repair on this
1e2xxWc2dkI-00277-00065248-00065382 um
1e2xxWc2dkI-00278-00065383-00065615 i might use some heat shrink as well but
1e2xxWc2dkI-00279-00065616-00065767 that obviously did the job so if i can
1e2xxWc2dkI-00280-00065768-00065999 get those pipes on a little bit further
1e2xxWc2dkI-00281-00066000-00066094 and
1e2xxWc2dkI-00282-00066095-00066319 yeah heat shrink them in place
1e2xxWc2dkI-00283-00066320-00066655 i think we're on to a winner
1e2xxWc2dkI-00284-00066656-00066887 so there you go how's that look
1e2xxWc2dkI-00285-00066888-00067111 what do you mean it's a bodge
1e2xxWc2dkI-00286-00067112-00067282 it might be a bodge
1e2xxWc2dkI-00287-00067283-00067638 but it's going to be a permanent bodge
1e2xxWc2dkI-00288-00067639-00067750 right
1e2xxWc2dkI-00289-00067751-00067999 um yes let's start putting things back
1e2xxWc2dkI-00290-00068000-00068191 together again
1e2xxWc2dkI-00291-00068192-00068431 because i'm further kneeling in water
1e2xxWc2dkI-00292-00068432-00068582 and
1e2xxWc2dkI-00293-00068583-00068806 i think i fixed it don't see any leaks
1e2xxWc2dkI-00294-00068807-00068967 anywhere
1e2xxWc2dkI-00295-00068968-00069247 i think we're all good
1e2xxWc2dkI-00296-00069248-00069471 yeah i think we're good let's call it a
1e2xxWc2dkI-00297-00069472-00069655 job
1e2xxWc2dkI-00298-00069656-00069847 there you go good as new
1e2xxWc2dkI-00299-00069848-00070023 never knew i'd be in here
1e2xxWc2dkI-00300-00070024-00070319 um right so now i've got to put the
1e2xxWc2dkI-00301-00070320-00070447 bumper in place
1e2xxWc2dkI-00302-00070448-00070743 connect up the headlamp washers which um
1e2xxWc2dkI-00303-00070744-00071031 yeah pulls out water whenever you
1e2xxWc2dkI-00304-00071032-00071231 try and get the clip in
1e2xxWc2dkI-00305-00071232-00071343 and uh
1e2xxWc2dkI-00306-00071344-00071487 yeah that goes to the fog lights i can
1e2xxWc2dkI-00307-00071488-00071638 leave it off for now and then i've got
1e2xxWc2dkI-00308-00071639-00071871 to put all the front parking sensors on
1e2xxWc2dkI-00309-00071872-00072055 there there there yeah you know how it
1e2xxWc2dkI-00310-00072056-00072255 goes nothing's ever easy on the nailed
1e2xxWc2dkI-00311-00072256-00072423 it right let's let's stop talking and
1e2xxWc2dkI-00312-00072424-00072671 get on with it reeves
1e2xxWc2dkI-00313-00072672-00072855 so i didn't record much over the uh the
1e2xxWc2dkI-00314-00072856-00073143 last half hour or so because uh
1e2xxWc2dkI-00315-00073144-00073367 yeah i wanted to use what precious light
1e2xxWc2dkI-00316-00073368-00073631 we do have left of the day uh to try and
1e2xxWc2dkI-00317-00073632-00073767 get this finished so the bumper's back
1e2xxWc2dkI-00318-00073768-00073894 on again
1e2xxWc2dkI-00319-00073895-00074047 as you can see there
1e2xxWc2dkI-00320-00074048-00074262 i haven't got any leaks at the moment so
1e2xxWc2dkI-00321-00074263-00074487 everything looks good uh everything's
1e2xxWc2dkI-00322-00074488-00074694 yeah bottled up solid
1e2xxWc2dkI-00323-00074695-00074847 all the sensors are in for the front
1e2xxWc2dkI-00324-00074848-00075055 parking sensors just got to put the fog
1e2xxWc2dkI-00325-00075056-00075199 light back in there
1e2xxWc2dkI-00326-00075200-00075391 and then that's the front end done
1e2xxWc2dkI-00327-00075392-00075511 and then just got to put the cover on
1e2xxWc2dkI-00328-00075512-00075703 the back end but want to give it a good
1e2xxWc2dkI-00329-00075704-00075894 test before i do that just to make sure
1e2xxWc2dkI-00330-00075895-00076055 there are no leaks
1e2xxWc2dkI-00331-00076056-00076238 but um yeah that's where we are so right
1e2xxWc2dkI-00332-00076239-00076415 i'm just going to get this corner
1e2xxWc2dkI-00333-00076416-00076647 bolted together and um
1e2xxWc2dkI-00334-00076648-00076767 yeah
1e2xxWc2dkI-00335-00076768-00076967 we're about finished then
1e2xxWc2dkI-00336-00076968-00077150 and the front end's finished off there
1e2xxWc2dkI-00337-00077151-00077431 you go all right let's um
1e2xxWc2dkI-00338-00077432-00077599 let's go and have a look at the back end
1e2xxWc2dkI-00339-00077600-00077815 i need to shut this down
1e2xxWc2dkI-00340-00077816-00077959 i'm just going to check for leaks before
1e2xxWc2dkI-00341-00077960-00078175 i do anything
1e2xxWc2dkI-00342-00078176-00078359 no no we're good
1e2xxWc2dkI-00343-00078360-00078567 you can't feel a single drop
1e2xxWc2dkI-00344-00078568-00078926 happy with that happy with that right
1e2xxWc2dkI-00345-00078927-00079223 boot down
1e2xxWc2dkI-00346-00079224-00079431 a little bit of that let's see if we can
1e2xxWc2dkI-00347-00079432-00079526 get you
1e2xxWc2dkI-00348-00079527-00079694 there again can i do it with foot i
1e2xxWc2dkI-00349-00079695-00080015 wonder
1e2xxWc2dkI-00350-00080016-00080150 yes i can
1e2xxWc2dkI-00351-00080151-00080399 and there you go
1e2xxWc2dkI-00352-00080400-00080655 we have squirtage
1e2xxWc2dkI-00353-00080656-00081006 and i cannot see any leaks
1e2xxWc2dkI-00354-00081007-00081282 i cannot feel any
1e2xxWc2dkI-00355-00081283-00081550 leaks happy with that
1e2xxWc2dkI-00356-00081551-00081735 all right we're really losing the light
1e2xxWc2dkI-00357-00081736-00081950 now but i'm determined to get the wiper
1e2xxWc2dkI-00358-00081951-00082071 back on i've got a new one of these
1e2xxWc2dkI-00359-00082072-00082247 ordered because this one's a bit yeah
1e2xxWc2dkI-00360-00082248-00082559 anyway but uh this will do for now right
1e2xxWc2dkI-00361-00082560-00082838 i want two hands so uh bear with so this
1e2xxWc2dkI-00362-00082839-00082943 is it
1e2xxWc2dkI-00363-00082944-00083126 is it gonna work
1e2xxWc2dkI-00364-00083127-00083415 hit it
1e2xxWc2dkI-00365-00083416-00083638 oh look
1e2xxWc2dkI-00366-00083639-00083831 washy washy
1e2xxWc2dkI-00367-00083832-00084111 look at that
1e2xxWc2dkI-00368-00084112-00084318 thanks um
1e2xxWc2dkI-00369-00084319-00084392 there you go
1e2xxWc2dkI-00370-00084393-00084591 [Applause]
1e2xxWc2dkI-00371-00084592-00084894 definitely a long haul but um
1e2xxWc2dkI-00372-00084895-00085143 yeah happy with that
1e2xxWc2dkI-00373-00085144-00085343 and my two loyal assistants are now
1e2xxWc2dkI-00374-00085344-00085535 going to um
1e2xxWc2dkI-00375-00085536-00085606 collapse
1e2xxWc2dkI-00376-00085607-00085750 [Laughter]
1e2xxWc2dkI-00377-00085751-00085903 somebody's been tidying up today and
1e2xxWc2dkI-00378-00085904-00086471 taking dead christmas decorations
1e2xxWc2dkI-00379-00086472-00086735 done yourself in
1e2xxWc2dkI-00380-00086736-00087375 too old for this rubbish dear both of us
1e2xxWc2dkI-00381-00087376-00087647 right that is it that is the s3 fixed
1e2xxWc2dkI-00382-00087648-00087799 and
1e2xxWc2dkI-00383-00087800-00087918 it's just got to be put down on the
1e2xxWc2dkI-00384-00087919-00088111 floor now and
1e2xxWc2dkI-00385-00088112-00088318 as you can see
1e2xxWc2dkI-00386-00088319-00088518 i've lost light completely so it might
1e2xxWc2dkI-00387-00088519-00088662 even get clean tomorrow now it's all
1e2xxWc2dkI-00388-00088663-00088862 back together again and working but yeah
1e2xxWc2dkI-00389-00088863-00089006 what turned into a five-minute quick
1e2xxWc2dkI-00390-00089007-00089255 investigation to turn into a two-day job
1e2xxWc2dkI-00391-00089256-00089518 as always but there you go such as life
1e2xxWc2dkI-00392-00089519-00089743 all right thanks for uh viewing thanks
1e2xxWc2dkI-00393-00089744-00089838 for subscribing
1e2xxWc2dkI-00394-00089839-00090126 and i'll catch you again on the next one
1e2xxWc2dkI-00395-00090127-00090665 cheers youtube
1e2xxWc2dkI-00396-00090666-00091871 [Music]
1e2xxWc2dkI-00397-00091872-00092080 you
1fx8XPTY57g-00000-00000000-00000347 billionaire Tesla head Elon Musk she up
1fx8XPTY57g-00001-00000348-00000446 to
1fx8XPTY57g-00002-00000447-00000661 we know what he's up to once again
1fx8XPTY57g-00003-00000662-00001049 seeming to dare people to call him out
1fx8XPTY57g-00004-00001050-00001283 I mean it's legal right it's all illegal
1fx8XPTY57g-00005-00001284-00001528 okay how does it work
1fx8XPTY57g-00006-00001529-00001676 do people get upset at you if you do
1fx8XPTY57g-00007-00001677-00001834 certain things do you see this right
1fx8XPTY57g-00008-00001835-00002152 here go and marijuana in there is he
1fx8XPTY57g-00009-00002153-00002474 inhaling yeah no I'm not sure okay
1fx8XPTY57g-00010-00002475-00002690 whether or not he's inhaling you ease in
1fx8XPTY57g-00011-00002691-00002917 a state where it were it's legal but
1fx8XPTY57g-00012-00002918-00002968 right there
1fx8XPTY57g-00013-00002969-00003226 Elon Musk is seen taken in a joint
1fx8XPTY57g-00014-00003227-00003467 during a podcast interview with Joe
1fx8XPTY57g-00015-00003468-00003665 Rogan alright also this morning two top
1fx8XPTY57g-00016-00003665-00003856 executives for the company that company
1fx8XPTY57g-00017-00003857-00004088 Elon Musk's company Tesla announced
1fx8XPTY57g-00018-00004089-00004204 they're jumping ship
1fx8XPTY57g-00019-00004205-00004331 the company's chief accounting officer
1fx8XPTY57g-00020-00004332-00004531 and a head of HR both announced their
1fx8XPTY57g-00021-00004532-00004724 departures hours after month Musk's
1fx8XPTY57g-00022-00004725-00004949 pot-smoking appearance may not be about
1fx8XPTY57g-00023-00004950-00005192 that though maybe not remember this
1fx8XPTY57g-00024-00005193-00005477 company has been a lot of heavy oil in
1fx8XPTY57g-00025-00005478-00005713 controversy we're seeing the stock drop
1fx8XPTY57g-00026-00005714-00005881 today was just a couple weeks ago he
1fx8XPTY57g-00027-00005882-00006056 made this claim they were going private
1fx8XPTY57g-00028-00006057-00006266 they'd funding secured that didn't
1fx8XPTY57g-00029-00006267-00006457 materialize you gotta wonder what is the
1fx8XPTY57g-00030-00006458-00006623 board going to do and it's already been
1fx8XPTY57g-00031-00006623-00006791 criticized that the board it's got his
1fx8XPTY57g-00032-00006792-00006973 brother on it it's got allies got
1fx8XPTY57g-00033-00006975-00007292 homeboys I do about this one hey MSNBC
1fx8XPTY57g-00034-00007293-00007463 fans thanks for checking out our YouTube
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1fPL8vBH9kU-00000-00000657-00001491 [Music]
1fPL8vBH9kU-00001-00001492-00002690 hmm
1fPL8vBH9kU-00002-00002691-00002883 [Laughter]
1fPL8vBH9kU-00003-00002884-00004232 okay
1fPL8vBH9kU-00004-00004233-00005360 [Music]
1fPL8vBH9kU-00005-00005361-00005524 [Laughter]
1fPL8vBH9kU-00006-00005525-00006606 [Music]
1fPL8vBH9kU-00007-00006606-00007083 [Music]
1fPL8vBH9kU-00008-00007084-00007502 oh
1fPL8vBH9kU-00009-00007503-00010102 [Music]
1fPL8vBH9kU-00010-00010103-00010660 [Music]
1fPL8vBH9kU-00011-00010661-00011283 [Music]
1fPL8vBH9kU-00012-00011284-00012127 me
1fPL8vBH9kU-00013-00012128-00013447 [Music]
1fPL8vBH9kU-00014-00013447-00014075 [Music]
1fPL8vBH9kU-00015-00014076-00015483 [Music]
1fPL8vBH9kU-00016-00015484-00015758 um
1fPL8vBH9kU-00017-00015759-00016883 [Music]
1fPL8vBH9kU-00018-00016884-00017230 so
1fPL8vBH9kU-00019-00017231-00019795 [Music]
1fPL8vBH9kU-00020-00019796-00022046 [Music]
1fPL8vBH9kU-00021-00022047-00022296 [Applause]
1fPL8vBH9kU-00024-00034691-00034991 oh
1fUFw_j4kuu-00000-00000000-00000157 Santa Schmeichel man hi guys doing my
1fUFw_j4kuu-00001-00000158-00000361 name is obtained if casino she should i
1fUFw_j4kuu-00002-00000362-00000680 welcome to my second channel and guys
1fUFw_j4kuu-00003-00000681-00000872 building why if you got a second time
1fUFw_j4kuu-00004-00000873-00001025 I've danger don't really media are you
1fUFw_j4kuu-00005-00001026-00001202 that money greed you grabbing youtube
1fUFw_j4kuu-00006-00001203-00001408 with I want multiple channels for
1fUFw_j4kuu-00007-00001409-00001625 multiple opportunities and money and the
1fUFw_j4kuu-00008-00001626-00001817 answer is no not really the only reason
1fUFw_j4kuu-00009-00001818-00001997 why I made this channel is so that i can
1fUFw_j4kuu-00010-00001998-00002207 upload a lot of my content by other
1fUFw_j4kuu-00011-00002208-00002405 stuff that I don't find really worthy
1fUFw_j4kuu-00012-00002406-00002582 enough to put my first channel which is
1fUFw_j4kuu-00013-00002583-00002807 the official kingkahn abs now kingkahn
1fUFw_j4kuu-00014-00002808-00003056 abs my brand is mine is my first main
1fUFw_j4kuu-00015-00003057-00003224 channel and on this channel i'll be
1fUFw_j4kuu-00016-00003225-00003410 posting and uploading content such as
1fUFw_j4kuu-00017-00003411-00003725 vlog stove music store a peak evaristo a
1fUFw_j4kuu-00018-00003726-00003913 lot behind the scene kind of stuff just
1fUFw_j4kuu-00019-00003914-00004138 a whole of stuff stuff so if you do
1fUFw_j4kuu-00020-00004139-00004568 enjoy you know stuff um be sure to click
1fUFw_j4kuu-00021-00004569-00004895 Subscribe on this video so you could you
1fUFw_j4kuu-00022-00004896-00005291 know get updated with a love my the cop
1fUFw_j4kuu-00023-00005292-00005518 my neighbors going past and she's just
1fUFw_j4kuu-00024-00005519-00005849 waving at me sorry fishy so if you want
1fUFw_j4kuu-00025-00005850-00006029 to see I loved a lot of those all the
1fUFw_j4kuu-00026-00006030-00006251 stuff that I i do Lord be sure to click
1fUFw_j4kuu-00027-00006252-00006452 on this video um now you're probably
1fUFw_j4kuu-00028-00006453-00006592 wondering what kind of stuff are you
1fUFw_j4kuu-00029-00006593-00006734 gonna see in the channel well you see
1fUFw_j4kuu-00030-00006734-00006892 stuff like this sajeesh macomb man
1fUFw_j4kuu-00031-00006893-00007028 welcome to my second channel how you
1fUFw_j4kuu-00032-00007029-00007184 guys doing I'm just about to shoe a
1fUFw_j4kuu-00033-00007184-00007373 green screen scene for video it's got a
1fUFw_j4kuu-00034-00007373-00007585 scene where I'm in heaven and then I'm
1fUFw_j4kuu-00035-00007586-00007774 also don't you like my Jackson quadrant
1fUFw_j4kuu-00036-00007775-00008810 stuff I died too many years ago
1fUFw_j4kuu-00037-00008811-00009085 wonderful
1fUFw_j4kuu-00038-00009086-00010322 the sky so boring
1fUFw_j4kuu-00039-00010323-00010917 yeah I know this is just you to myself
1fUFw_j4kuu-00040-00010918-00011220 if you want you around those pretty
1fUFw_j4kuu-00041-00011221-00011505 pieces are with me tuesday now here to
1fUFw_j4kuu-00042-00011506-00011709 crap said i should almost and try to
1fUFw_j4kuu-00043-00011710-00011865 talk to myself but could I wouldn't
1fUFw_j4kuu-00044-00011866-00012042 brought think I need some help what does
1fUFw_j4kuu-00045-00012043-00012174 it doesn't matter I'm just trying not to
1fUFw_j4kuu-00046-00012175-00012354 dwell in fact there may be a risk to my
1fUFw_j4kuu-00047-00012355-00012651 mental health I look up to
1fUFw_j4kuu-00048-00012652-00012927 guy
1fUFw_j4kuu-00049-00012928-00013941 mine where are you let me rest and be
1fUFw_j4kuu-00050-00013941-00014255 just don't know
1fUFw_j4kuu-00051-00014256-00014704 ever meant to be suddenly puffy fluffy
1fUFw_j4kuu-00052-00014705-00015041 faux that's what you turned out to me
1fUFw_j4kuu-00053-00015041-00015410 like if you love you love you I never
1fUFw_j4kuu-00054-00015411-00016900 member far as well so today the 15th and
1fUFw_j4kuu-00055-00016901-00017855 photography the only 10 meters of last
1fUFw_j4kuu-00056-00017856-00019133 year from school me hello I do
1fUFw_j4kuu-00057-00019134-00019688 and you got to move
1fUFw_j4kuu-00058-00019689-00020087 yeah cuz
1fUFw_j4kuu-00059-00020088-00020433 since I
1fUFw_j4kuu-00060-00020434-00020668 fortunately the police have quarter on
1fUFw_j4kuu-00061-00020669-00020955 CCTV camera on Wednesday afternoon I
1fUFw_j4kuu-00062-00020956-00021310 can't decide whether you shall live I
1fUFw_j4kuu-00063-00021311-00021610 die or you're probably go to heaven
1fUFw_j4kuu-00064-00021611-00021907 please don't hang your heads my I'm
1fUFw_j4kuu-00065-00021908-00022096 gonna
1fUFw_j4kuu-00066-00022097-00022453 life i made it i have finished drawing a
1fUFw_j4kuu-00067-00022454-00023131 sketch of Michael Jackson isn't I just
1fUFw_j4kuu-00068-00023132-00023506 cool right well right so be sure to
1fUFw_j4kuu-00069-00023507-00023830 click on those links here to follow my
1fUFw_j4kuu-00070-00023831-00024124 certain social sites and everything now
1fUFw_j4kuu-00071-00024125-00024247 he's are waiting for you guys before you
1fUFw_j4kuu-00072-00024248-00024499 I'm subscribed to this channel a lot of
1fUFw_j4kuu-00073-00024500-00024730 my content is gonna be very lazily
1fUFw_j4kuu-00074-00024731-00024946 edited and i'm going to be posting
1fUFw_j4kuu-00075-00024947-00025090 videos frequently on this channel
1fUFw_j4kuu-00076-00025091-00025330 however it's just gonna be somewhat
1fUFw_j4kuu-00077-00025331-00025504 sloppy compared to my main channel i
1fUFw_j4kuu-00078-00025505-00025669 mean for example i'm shooting this video
1fUFw_j4kuu-00079-00025670-00026069 right here right now in my pajama pants
1fUFw_j4kuu-00080-00026070-00026332 what don't judge me you clicked on this
1fUFw_j4kuu-00081-00026333-00026539 video anyways i hope you guys enjoyed
1fUFw_j4kuu-00082-00026539-00026716 this video please be sure to subscribe
1fUFw_j4kuu-00083-00026717-00026958 to this channel and check out the links
1fUFw_j4kuu-00084-00026960-00027160 in the description below that is all for
1fUFw_j4kuu-00085-00027161-00028370 now love peace and fusion door okay
1fUFw_j4kuu-00086-00028372-00028837 rather no see
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00000-00000004-00000016 [Music]
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00001-00000017-00000221 hey guys it's your guy Vanessa here
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00002-00000222-00000467 welcome back to another video in today's
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00003-00000468-00000659 video I'm going to share with you an
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00004-00000660-00000952 awesome recipe that you can use to grow
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00005-00000953-00001235 your edges back and also just generally
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00006-00001236-00001462 help with hair growth and also hair
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00007-00001463-00001691 thickening so if you are interested
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00008-00001692-00001930 definitely be sure to keep on watching
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00009-00001932-00002152 now it contains only two main
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00010-00002153-00002381 ingredients and these are really easy to
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00011-00002382-00002621 find so I hope that you guys watch and
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00012-00002622-00002776 you'll watch till the end of the video
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00013-00002777-00002981 now before we get into it guys I just
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00014-00002982-00003179 want to say a huge thank you if you are
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00015-00003180-00003419 a returning subscriber thank you so much
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00016-00003420-00003575 for your love and your support and if
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00017-00003576-00003743 you're new here please consider clicking
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00018-00003744-00003983 the Subscribe button to join the family
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00019-00003984-00004306 now let's hop right into the video so
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00020-00004307-00004445 the first ingredient we're going to need
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00021-00004446-00004703 for today's recipe will be some Moringa
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00022-00004704-00005020 powder so I'm using organic Moringa
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00023-00005021-00005267 powder that I purchased from Amazon I'm
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00024-00005268-00005501 going to link the um
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00025-00005502-00005717 this particular one in the description
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00026-00005718-00005956 down below if you are interested in
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00027-00005957-00006209 purchasing it so Moringa is super
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00028-00006210-00006383 amazing because it helps to protect the
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00029-00006384-00006701 hair against dryness from Heat or the
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00030-00006702-00006898 sun and it also helps to hydrate the
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00031-00006900-00007084 scalp which is super important when it
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00032-00007086-00007331 comes to preventing downdraft and just
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00033-00007331-00007642 your general scalp Health now Moringa
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00034-00007643-00007828 also is a Powerhouse of nutrients
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00035-00007829-00008117 contains lots of antioxidants that are
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00036-00008118-00008423 known to help stimulate high growth and
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00037-00008424-00008687 also you can Aid in hair thickening so
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00038-00008688-00008891 super super amazing so I use two
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00039-00008892-00009160 tablespoons of Moringa powder now the
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00040-00009161-00009467 next ingredient guys will be cloves now
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00041-00009468-00009821 cloves again super super beneficial it
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00042-00009822-00009989 helps to promote high growth when
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00043-00009990-00010237 applied to the scalp it can also repair
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00044-00010238-00010553 strengthen and also add shine to the
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00045-00010554-00010895 hair shaft when applied regularly so the
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00046-00010896-00011105 one that I showed you earlier was whole
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00047-00011106-00011392 cloves I went ahead and I grinded it in
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00048-00011393-00011603 my blender and this is what it looks
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00049-00011604-00011806 like as a powder so if you have the
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00050-00011807-00011963 powder it's definitely fine to use if
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00051-00011964-00012119 you don't and you don't have a grinder
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00052-00012120-00012485 it's also okay to just use um you know
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00053-00012486-00012664 whole clothes for today's recipe so I
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00054-00012665-00012958 used about one tablespoon now what I did
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00055-00012959-00013216 there was a little bit of rapeseed oil
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00056-00013218-00013469 and I'm also going in here with a bit of
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00057-00013469-00013744 coconut oil as well if you are allergic
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00058-00013745-00014021 to coconut oil definitely leave it out
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00059-00014022-00014416 and just use perhaps rapeseed oil or any
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00060-00014418-00014633 other oil of your choice as long as it's
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00061-00014634-00014921 heat resistant so I'm using one
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00062-00014922-00015107 tablespoon of coconut oil for today's
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00063-00015108-00015461 recipe and that's absolutely enough for
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00064-00015462-00015707 this amount of ingredient but you can
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00065-00015708-00015958 also use more oil if you wanted to
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00066-00015959-00016138 the only difference is you're going to
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00067-00016140-00016397 have a slightly lighter
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00068-00016398-00016577 um kind of consistency to your oil I'm
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00069-00016578-00016721 going to show you what I mean later on
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00070-00016722-00017003 so after you put that in we're just
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00071-00017004-00017200 going to pop it on the stove and just
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00072-00017201-00017494 allow it to just you know cook for just
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00073-00017495-00017705 a little bit normally you shouldn't
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00074-00017706-00017861 leave it for longer than two minutes
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00075-00017862-00018035 guys two minutes is just enough to
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00076-00018036-00018299 infuse this oil so go ahead and just
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00077-00018300-00018658 give it a nice gentle stir as you are
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00078-00018659-00018953 um you know infusing it and then after
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00079-00018954-00019205 two minutes of it sort of fine like this
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00080-00019206-00019408 turn off your stove you don't want to
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00081-00019409-00019739 get this dark okay guys so you just want
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00082-00019740-00019907 to gently
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00083-00019908-00020147 um Infuse it and also do it on low heat
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00084-00020148-00020393 so after two minutes we're just gonna
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00085-00020394-00020608 allow it to cool down and then we're
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00086-00020609-00020903 gonna go ahead and strain it
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00087-00020904-00021110 foreign
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00088-00021111-00023550 [Music]
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00089-00023551-00023969 I will be using a recap for today but
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00090-00023970-00024136 feel free to use any other thing that
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00091-00024137-00024311 you may have available it could be just
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00092-00024312-00024544 a coffee filter or even your kitchen
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00093-00024545-00024743 paper towel just like I've done in
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00094-00024744-00024953 previous videos we'll also do a good job
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00095-00024954-00025121 for for this
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00096-00025122-00025319 um so just you know put that on there
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00097-00025320-00025505 and then we're just gonna go ahead first
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00098-00025506-00025672 of all and just allow it to just drain
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00099-00025673-00025949 on its own and then we'll give it just a
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00100-00025950-00026200 gentle squeeze later on just to get
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00101-00026201-00026464 everything out now do not get rid of the
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00102-00026466-00026662 pulp of this guys because it's still
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00103-00026663-00026939 super super amazing you can keep it and
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00104-00026939-00027227 add it to your high cook treatment
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00105-00027227-00027455 um that perhaps you'll you may be doing
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00106-00027456-00027635 or like deep conditioning treatment and
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00107-00027636-00027868 it's super super moisturizing for your
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00108-00027869-00028102 hair as well so yeah you don't have to
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00109-00028104-00028324 get rid of the pulp essentially so just
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00110-00028325-00028439 like you're seeing here I'm just giving
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00111-00028439-00028631 it a really gentle squeeze and you can
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00112-00028632-00028870 already tell that the oil has a snotty
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00113-00028872-00029201 kind of heavier kind of consistency and
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00114-00029202-00029399 like like I said earlier it's just
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00115-00029400-00029746 because I do not add too much oil but
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00116-00029747-00029999 you can add a lot more oil to this if
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00117-00030000-00030239 you want to perhaps get a slightly kind
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00118-00030239-00030461 of lighter consistency but this one
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00119-00030462-00030767 works perfectly fine for my hair
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00120-00030768-00031055 um because it's just so packed with so
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00121-00031056-00031193 much nutrients so it's quite
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00122-00031194-00031439 concentrated so I'm just gonna add this
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00123-00031439-00031540 to
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00124-00031541-00031768 um this little jar in which I'm going to
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00125-00031769-00031943 store and also
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00126-00031944-00032117 um from which I'm going to apply to my
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00127-00032118-00032357 hair so I'm going to show you how I'm
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00128-00032358-00032645 using it in the next slide so I
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00129-00032645-00032818 definitely suggest that you keep on
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00130-00032819-00033029 watching so that you know basically how
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00131-00033030-00033268 you can use this and also the different
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00132-00033269-00033509 ways basically in which you can use this
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00133-00033510-00033845 so this is my hair at the moment I have
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00134-00033846-00034133 an old twist out but it's still kind of
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00135-00034134-00034421 looking good so my hands actually do a
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00136-00034422-00034511 wash
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00137-00034512-00034727 I think it's been about three weeks
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00138-00034728-00034967 actually maybe more maybe four weeks
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00139-00034968-00035279 um since I wash my hair so any mascup
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00140-00035280-00035561 right now it's very very dirty and my
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00141-00035562-00035717 hair feels a little bit weighed down as
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00142-00035718-00035974 well but anyways my twist out still
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00143-00035975-00036137 looks good so I think I might rock it
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00144-00036138-00036431 maybe for another week or so before I go
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00145-00036432-00036629 ahead and wash it guys I don't usually
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00146-00036630-00036917 go this long without washing my hair
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00147-00036918-00037043 um but things have been a little bit
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00148-00037044-00037265 hectic you know with a newborn and all
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00149-00037266-00037457 of that so I haven't really got the time
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00150-00037458-00037673 to you know get around to washing my
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00151-00037674-00037918 hair but it will get done but anyways so
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00152-00037919-00038195 whatever stays your steak stage whatever
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00153-00038196-00038423 stick your hair is in so whether it is
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00154-00038424-00038849 in um cornrows or twist or braids or
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00155-00038850-00039077 whatever state your housing really as
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00156-00039078-00039293 long as you can reach your scalp you can
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00157-00039294-00039509 definitely go ahead and use this okay
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00158-00039510-00039755 guys so you want to work this through
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00159-00039756-00039977 your roots because that's where your
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00160-00039978-00040180 height goes out from so it goes right
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00161-00040181-00040396 from the root so in order to rip the
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00162-00040397-00040565 benefits when it comes to like Gap
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00163-00040566-00040805 health and also like high growth
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00164-00040806-00041045 stimulation you definitely want to make
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00165-00041046-00041243 sure that your scalp is definitely
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00166-00041244-00041501 covered
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00167-00041502-00041855 now if you have perhaps lost your edges
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00168-00041856-00042052 and you're kind of you know looking to
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00169-00042053-00042257 remove them definitely go ahead and
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00170-00042258-00042461 apply to your edges as well just like
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00171-00042462-00042677 I'm doing here and always remember to
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00172-00042678-00042887 follow with a bit of a massage guys it's
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00173-00042888-00043127 super super important because it helps
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00174-00043128-00043409 to increase the blood flow to the area
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00175-00043410-00043696 which in turn helps to stimulate hair
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00176-00043697-00043907 growth so you can apply this throughout
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00177-00043908-00044218 your entire scalp and also the rest of
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00178-00044219-00044423 your hair if you like just to give it
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00179-00044424-00044615 strength and also
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00180-00044616-00044855 um you know shine and all of that
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00181-00044856-00045058 goodness that we talked about earlier so
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00182-00045059-00045227 apply to your scalp the rest of your
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00183-00045228-00045467 hair give it a nice massage now in case
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00184-00045468-00045605 you're wondering how often you should be
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00185-00045606-00045827 using this I would say two to three
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00186-00045828-00046096 times a week is such a good time
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00187-00046097-00046373 um to oil your scalp especially if you
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00188-00046374-00046529 are looking to reap the benefits you
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00189-00046530-00046739 have to be consistent guys you have to
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00190-00046740-00047140 be consistent to see results now you can
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00191-00047141-00047368 also use this oil as a people treatment
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00192-00047369-00047555 it doesn't necessarily have to be use
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00193-00047556-00047752 only as a height of oil it's something
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00194-00047753-00048011 that you can apply to your hair before
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00195-00048012-00048262 shampooing and that will help you a lot
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00196-00048263-00048646 when it comes to um you know minimizing
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00197-00048647-00049007 dryness essentially and also helping to
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00198-00049008-00049187 stimulate hair growth during your hair
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00199-00049188-00049402 routine so it's something that you can
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00200-00049403-00049733 also use for that you can also add it to
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00201-00049734-00050051 your other DIYs like your
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00202-00050052-00050212 um you know deep conditioning treatment
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00203-00050213-00050452 that you may be doing maybe once or
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00204-00050453-00050615 twice every week it really depends on
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00205-00050616-00050807 you so you can also add it to it and
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00206-00050808-00051040 it's such a good oil in fact I'm
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00207-00051041-00051232 actually thinking of using this oil to
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00208-00051233-00051316 make
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00209-00051317-00051502 you know something else in the future so
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00210-00051503-00051790 stay tuned for that so yeah it is super
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00211-00051791-00052030 super amazing and it's an oil that you
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00212-00052032-00052385 can use in so many ways and just as your
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00213-00052386-00052716 regular sort of everyday oil
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00214-00052717-00053992 [Music]
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00215-00053994-00054250 now this brings me to the end of the
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00216-00054251-00054515 video I hope that you guys have enjoyed
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00217-00054516-00054719 watching and somewhat learned something
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00218-00054720-00055019 or found today's video is helpful
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00219-00055020-00055144 um if you did guys please don't forget
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00220-00055145-00055330 to give me a thumbs up and also don't
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00221-00055332-00055594 forget to subscribe to channel if you're
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00222-00055595-00055882 not already and also please leave me a
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00223-00055883-00056069 comment I do read them all and I will
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00224-00056070-00056261 try my best at Amsterdam as soon as I
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00225-00056262-00056453 can so thank you so much for watching
1ko92Z4Q6JE-00226-00056454-00056798 guys until next time bye
1mpsI4F09lc-00000-00000078-00000299 Hello friends this is Brother Carlos
1mpsI4F09lc-00001-00000300-00000593 here listen if you feel like there are
1mpsI4F09lc-00002-00000594-00000941 evil spirits demons okay tormenting you
1mpsI4F09lc-00003-00000942-00001175 regularly also if you notice they've
1mpsI4F09lc-00004-00001176-00001408 been around your home you know you know
1mpsI4F09lc-00005-00001409-00001697 causing you know some uh paranormal
1mpsI4F09lc-00006-00001698-00001834 activities there
1mpsI4F09lc-00007-00001835-00002057 you owe it to yourself to educate
1mpsI4F09lc-00008-00002058-00002171 yourself
1mpsI4F09lc-00009-00002172-00002399 you owe it to yourself to educate
1mpsI4F09lc-00010-00002400-00002567 yourself how you're gonna educate
1mpsI4F09lc-00011-00002568-00002902 yourself by talking to me I am an expert
1mpsI4F09lc-00012-00002903-00003256 okay in the subject I deal with this
1mpsI4F09lc-00013-00003257-00003431 every day I've been doing this for over
1mpsI4F09lc-00014-00003432-00003863 just close to 35 years now okay you need
1mpsI4F09lc-00015-00003864-00004120 some answers because if you are doing
1mpsI4F09lc-00016-00004121-00004336 the wrong you know if you try to get rid
1mpsI4F09lc-00017-00004337-00004553 of this Spirits the wrong way it's going
1mpsI4F09lc-00018-00004554-00004913 to be even worse much worse this demo
1mpsI4F09lc-00019-00004914-00005086 skill daily all you have to do is turn
1mpsI4F09lc-00020-00005087-00005291 on the news every day
1mpsI4F09lc-00021-00005292-00005554 you're gonna see okay that people die
1mpsI4F09lc-00022-00005555-00005765 every single day killed by every Spirits
1mpsI4F09lc-00023-00005766-00006083 why because they you know gunshots you
1mpsI4F09lc-00024-00006084-00006286 know over those you know this kind of
1mpsI4F09lc-00025-00006287-00006605 stuff car accidents vemas are behind
1mpsI4F09lc-00026-00006606-00006923 this folks okay okay man you owe it
1mpsI4F09lc-00027-00006923-00007169 yourself to protect yourself and and
1mpsI4F09lc-00028-00007170-00007396 maybe even protect you know uh your
1mpsI4F09lc-00029-00007397-00007606 family you know your your children if
1mpsI4F09lc-00030-00007608-00007805 you have children right
1mpsI4F09lc-00031-00007806-00008098 you need to educate yourself now go to
1mpsI4F09lc-00032-00008100-00008405 my website for uh call me from my
1mpsI4F09lc-00033-00008406-00008573 website my phone number is right there
1mpsI4F09lc-00034-00008574-00008764 my phone number is right there all you
1mpsI4F09lc-00035-00008765-00009005 have to do is give me a call if I don't
1mpsI4F09lc-00036-00009006-00009203 answer it's because I'm busy I might be
1mpsI4F09lc-00037-00009204-00009353 talking to somebody else but I'll get
1mpsI4F09lc-00038-00009354-00009539 back to you as soon as I can call me
1mpsI4F09lc-00039-00009540-00009733 from my website
1mpsI4F09lc-00040-00009734-00009960 brothercarlos.com
1mpsI4F09lc-00041-00009961-00010183 brothercarlos.com
1mpsI4F09lc-00042-00010184-00010586 brothercarlos.com bye now
21o3IzoRTVM-00000-00000003-00000176 so here we're gonna be working on
21o3IzoRTVM-00001-00000177-00000440 question two for the midterm review in
21o3IzoRTVM-00002-00000441-00000628 this case we're going to be finding
21o3IzoRTVM-00003-00000629-00000862 stock tank oil in place for a reservoir
21o3IzoRTVM-00004-00000863-00001066 we're gonna be basically given four
21o3IzoRTVM-00005-00001067-00001262 different data points in the reservoir
21o3IzoRTVM-00006-00001263-00001579 regions a B C and D the values are
21o3IzoRTVM-00007-00001580-00001723 listed here so you have a saturation of
21o3IzoRTVM-00008-00001725-00001925 oil which is s oh you've your net pay
21o3IzoRTVM-00009-00001926-00002237 zone which is H n give your gross pay
21o3IzoRTVM-00010-00002238-00002522 zone which is Hg your oil formation
21o3IzoRTVM-00011-00002523-00002683 volume factor which is Bo and you have
21o3IzoRTVM-00012-00002684-00002926 your porosity which is fee so in this
21o3IzoRTVM-00013-00002927-00003100 case we're gonna be doing two different
21o3IzoRTVM-00014-00003101-00003242 methods we're gonna be doing volumetric
21o3IzoRTVM-00015-00003243-00003413 method which you'll see first and then
21o3IzoRTVM-00016-00003414-00003595 you're gonna see I so contour method and
21o3IzoRTVM-00017-00003596-00003895 this will give you an example of why one
21o3IzoRTVM-00018-00003896-00004081 way may be better than the other way and
21o3IzoRTVM-00019-00004082-00004340 how to approach a problem like this and
21o3IzoRTVM-00020-00004341-00004486 this is a very common problem in
21o3IzoRTVM-00021-00004487-00004702 reservoir engineering because you're not
21o3IzoRTVM-00022-00004703-00004852 able to drill a well in every single
21o3IzoRTVM-00023-00004853-00005018 location you want to it cost money and
21o3IzoRTVM-00024-00005019-00005216 so you have to work with data you
21o3IzoRTVM-00025-00005217-00005443 already have in the reservoir and so you
21o3IzoRTVM-00026-00005444-00005642 have to make sure you understand how to
21o3IzoRTVM-00027-00005643-00005977 use those values properly um so in this
21o3IzoRTVM-00028-00005978-00006279 case like I said we have these values
21o3IzoRTVM-00029-00006280-00006509 given and so what I'm gonna do first is
21o3IzoRTVM-00030-00006509-00006731 calculate the average values so
21o3IzoRTVM-00031-00006731-00006881 basically for a saturation of oil for
21o3IzoRTVM-00032-00006881-00007117 example I'll add all the SOS up and just
21o3IzoRTVM-00033-00007118-00007223 divide by four because there's four
21o3IzoRTVM-00034-00007223-00007456 regions so and it's the same thing for
21o3IzoRTVM-00035-00007458-00007595 each property so I'm just going to give
21o3IzoRTVM-00036-00007595-00008224 you those averages right here so so the
21o3IzoRTVM-00037-00008225-00008369 saturation of oil average is going to be
21o3IzoRTVM-00038-00008370-00009287 70% our net pay zone average is going to
21o3IzoRTVM-00039-00009288-00009806 be seventy two point five feet our gross
21o3IzoRTVM-00040-00009807-00010187 pay zone average
21o3IzoRTVM-00041-00010188-00010827 is going to be 100 and 12.5 feet or
21o3IzoRTVM-00042-00010828-00011089 formation volume factor of oil average
21o3IzoRTVM-00043-00011090-00011810 is gonna be 1.2
21o3IzoRTVM-00044-00011811-00012127 and our porosity average is going to be
21o3IzoRTVM-00045-00012128-00012822 16.2%
21o3IzoRTVM-00046-00012824-00013415 using these values we can then find what
21o3IzoRTVM-00047-00013416-00013616 our stock tank oil is in place using a
21o3IzoRTVM-00048-00013616-00013862 few equations so the first equation I
21o3IzoRTVM-00049-00013863-00014003 want to talk about is equation four
21o3IzoRTVM-00050-00014004-00014201 point zero three that you'll find in
21o3IzoRTVM-00051-00014202-00014552 your notes this is the gross volume of
21o3IzoRTVM-00052-00014553-00015565 your payzone so which is going to be
21o3IzoRTVM-00053-00015566-00015888 and 43 560 what I'm about to write is
21o3IzoRTVM-00054-00015890-00016204 just a unit conversion to go from acres
21o3IzoRTVM-00055-00016205-00016732 defeat so one acre equals forty three
21o3IzoRTVM-00056-00016733-00016999 thousand five hundred and sixty feet
21o3IzoRTVM-00057-00017000-00017548 squared so we have forty three five
21o3IzoRTVM-00058-00017549-00017839 sixty and then we're multiplying by our
21o3IzoRTVM-00059-00017840-00018028 area of our reservoir which is forty
21o3IzoRTVM-00060-00018029-00018385 acres so basically this is like for
21o3IzoRTVM-00061-00018386-00018562 agent ABC and D it's encompassed within
21o3IzoRTVM-00062-00018563-00018778 that and so we multiply that by here
21o3IzoRTVM-00063-00018779-00018898 because we basically want to get that
21o3IzoRTVM-00064-00018899-00019189 into feet squared so we can calculate
21o3IzoRTVM-00065-00019190-00019342 the volume and then we're gonna multiply
21o3IzoRTVM-00066-00019343-00019714 by our gross pay zone you might ask like
21o3IzoRTVM-00067-00019715-00019834 what's the difference between gross pays
21o3IzoRTVM-00068-00019835-00020110 out an eight net net pay zone um you'll
21o3IzoRTVM-00069-00020111-00020272 notice that you'll learn like classes
21o3IzoRTVM-00070-00020273-00020563 like 440 PG 440 for example you may have
21o3IzoRTVM-00071-00020564-00020758 like a certain water saturation and a
21o3IzoRTVM-00072-00020759-00021031 part of your pay zone which really you
21o3IzoRTVM-00073-00021032-00021145 won't be able to get much production
21o3IzoRTVM-00074-00021146-00021382 from or it's not very good for to
21o3IzoRTVM-00075-00021383-00021547 recover from so you don't really include
21o3IzoRTVM-00076-00021548-00021829 that in your net pay zone but it's
21o3IzoRTVM-00077-00021830-00022063 including your gross pay zone and so we
21o3IzoRTVM-00078-00022064-00022636 multiplied by our gross pay zone average
21o3IzoRTVM-00079-00022637-00023023 which is the one twelve point five so
21o3IzoRTVM-00080-00023024-00023583 when we do that we are going to get
21o3IzoRTVM-00081-00023584-00024044 forty three five sixty
21o3IzoRTVM-00082-00024045-00024469 times 40 times HG average which is 1
21o3IzoRTVM-00083-00024470-00024878 12.5 now we will be using this I'm just
21o3IzoRTVM-00084-00024879-00025037 gonna keep it as it is so I can show you
21o3IzoRTVM-00085-00025038-00025304 how things cancel we're gonna then plug
21o3IzoRTVM-00086-00025305-00025526 this in to an equation that solves for
21o3IzoRTVM-00087-00025527-00025756 our stock tank oil in place which this
21o3IzoRTVM-00088-00025757-00025958 is going to be equation 4.0 for a in
21o3IzoRTVM-00089-00025958-00026629 your notes so that equation is this
21o3IzoRTVM-00090-00026630-00027107 which this is what we just found and
21o3IzoRTVM-00091-00027108-00027500 then we're gonna have our net pay zone
21o3IzoRTVM-00092-00027501-00027797 average divided by our gross pay zone
21o3IzoRTVM-00093-00027798-00028142 average multiplied by our porosity
21o3IzoRTVM-00094-00028143-00028538 average multiplied by our oil saturation
21o3IzoRTVM-00095-00028539-00028808 average and then we're going to divide
21o3IzoRTVM-00096-00028808-00029308 this all by five point six one five like
21o3IzoRTVM-00097-00029310-00029513 I said because this right here when you
21o3IzoRTVM-00098-00029514-00029651 solve for this this will be units of
21o3IzoRTVM-00099-00029652-00029924 feet cubed and so when we find stock
21o3IzoRTVM-00100-00029925-00030077 tank oil in place we want it in terms of
21o3IzoRTVM-00101-00030077-00030335 barrels or in this case would be stock
21o3IzoRTVM-00102-00030336-00030485 tank barrels because you see I'll divide
21o3IzoRTVM-00103-00030486-00030851 by a bo so this will be our Bo average
21o3IzoRTVM-00104-00030852-00031031 so when you multiply or divide by your
21o3IzoRTVM-00105-00031032-00031183 Bo average you're basically converting
21o3IzoRTVM-00106-00031185-00031361 your barrels
21o3IzoRTVM-00107-00031362-00031505 it's like stock tank barrels so you
21o3IzoRTVM-00108-00031506-00031696 basically want what it would be at your
21o3IzoRTVM-00109-00031697-00031964 production facility how much oil you'd
21o3IzoRTVM-00110-00031964-00032258 have so this is just gonna be this
21o3IzoRTVM-00111-00032258-00032395 equation right here divided by this it's
21o3IzoRTVM-00112-00032397-00032515 a little looks a little off but it's
21o3IzoRTVM-00113-00032516-00032683 just your gross volume of your rock
21o3IzoRTVM-00114-00032685-00032975 times your average of net pays n divided
21o3IzoRTVM-00115-00032976-00033215 by gross payzone times porosity average
21o3IzoRTVM-00116-00033216-00033377 times well oil saturation average
21o3IzoRTVM-00117-00033378-00033578 divided by five point six one five times
21o3IzoRTVM-00118-00033579-00033806 formation volume factor averaged and
21o3IzoRTVM-00119-00033807-00033953 when we do this calculation like I said
21o3IzoRTVM-00120-00033954-00034127 these values are here or just these
21o3IzoRTVM-00121-00034128-00034292 values right here just plug it in for
21o3IzoRTVM-00122-00034293-00034748 them we find that and another reason why
21o3IzoRTVM-00123-00034749-00034898 I kept it like this as you'll see this
21o3IzoRTVM-00124-00034899-00035171 hg right here is the same thing as this
21o3IzoRTVM-00125-00035172-00035498 hg still cancel so basically this right
21o3IzoRTVM-00126-00035499-00035696 here and this right here cancel so
21o3IzoRTVM-00127-00035697-00035846 that's why I kind of wanted to show it
21o3IzoRTVM-00128-00035847-00036005 like that and so when I write this out
21o3IzoRTVM-00129-00036006-00036599 we're going to have 43 560 times our
21o3IzoRTVM-00130-00036600-00036957 area and acres which is 40
21o3IzoRTVM-00131-00036958-00037470 times we're gonna have our net pay zone
21o3IzoRTVM-00132-00037471-00037650 average we're just going to be seventy
21o3IzoRTVM-00133-00037651-00037977 two point five then we're going to be
21o3IzoRTVM-00134-00037978-00038337 multiplying this all by porosity average
21o3IzoRTVM-00135-00038338-00038586 and oil saturation so our porosity
21o3IzoRTVM-00136-00038587-00039030 average is 0.16 - or oil saturation
21o3IzoRTVM-00137-00039031-00039366 average is 0.7 and we're dividing this
21o3IzoRTVM-00138-00039367-00039726 by five point six one five like I said
21o3IzoRTVM-00139-00039727-00039915 previously you're using the five point
21o3IzoRTVM-00140-00039916-00040107 six one five to convert from cubic feet
21o3IzoRTVM-00141-00040108-00040335 to barrels and then the videos to
21o3IzoRTVM-00142-00040336-00040497 convert from barrels to stock tank
21o3IzoRTVM-00143-00040498-00040908 barrels so you know five point six nine
21o3IzoRTVM-00144-00040909-00041145 five times your Bo average which is one
21o3IzoRTVM-00145-00041146-00041346 point chill and when we do this
21o3IzoRTVM-00146-00041347-00041679 calculation we find that n is going to
21o3IzoRTVM-00147-00041680-00042639 be equal to two million one hundred
21o3IzoRTVM-00148-00042640-00043172 thirty two thousand five eight four
21o3IzoRTVM-00149-00043173-00043698 point five nine STB this can also be
21o3IzoRTVM-00150-00043699-00043968 written as two thousand one hundred and
21o3IzoRTVM-00151-00043969-00044537 thirty-two point five eight for MST B or
21o3IzoRTVM-00152-00044538-00044951 two point one three two five eight for
21o3IzoRTVM-00153-00044952-00045456 mm STV so our mm is million M is a
21o3IzoRTVM-00154-00045457-00045765 thousand and so this is basically what
21o3IzoRTVM-00155-00045766-00045957 our original oil would be in place if we
21o3IzoRTVM-00156-00045958-00046266 used volumetric method and now since we
21o3IzoRTVM-00157-00046267-00046521 did this we can talk about iso contour
21o3IzoRTVM-00158-00046522-00046656 method which is our other method of
21o3IzoRTVM-00159-00046657-00046875 approach for evaluating different points
21o3IzoRTVM-00160-00046876-00047088 in the reservoir so for this we're going
21o3IzoRTVM-00161-00047089-00047468 to have an equation for point oh five
21o3IzoRTVM-00162-00047469-00047646 you're gonna be a little bit different
21o3IzoRTVM-00163-00047647-00047955 in this case we're going to ignore gross
21o3IzoRTVM-00164-00047956-00048270 volume your space I'm just like you said
21o3IzoRTVM-00165-00048271-00048510 it cancels anyway and because how this
21o3IzoRTVM-00166-00048511-00048792 approach works it's a little weird in
21o3IzoRTVM-00167-00048793-00048972 terms of having different h DS because
21o3IzoRTVM-00168-00048973-00049251 we're not a virgin a B C and D anymore
21o3IzoRTVM-00169-00049252-00049566 we're actually gonna find a value for I
21o3IzoRTVM-00170-00049567-00049902 so contour of region a region B region C
21o3IzoRTVM-00171-00049903-00050139 region D individually and so the
21o3IzoRTVM-00172-00050140-00050251 equation for this
21o3IzoRTVM-00173-00050252-00050764 we'll be the following so this could be
21o3IzoRTVM-00174-00050765-00051040 G or this is just in terms of the phase
21o3IzoRTVM-00175-00051041-00051157 you're working with so in this case
21o3IzoRTVM-00176-00051158-00051349 we're just working with oil so we're
21o3IzoRTVM-00177-00051350-00051666 gonna have porosity times the net
21o3IzoRTVM-00178-00051667-00052242 payzone times s divided by vo as you can
21o3IzoRTVM-00179-00052244-00052392 see it's very similar to what n is
21o3IzoRTVM-00180-00052394-00052636 I just doesn't include the VG RV or the
21o3IzoRTVM-00181-00052637-00052863 HD like I said so in this we can
21o3IzoRTVM-00182-00052864-00053197 calculate this for region a a b c and d
21o3IzoRTVM-00183-00053198-00053391 so basically I'll just show you what how
21o3IzoRTVM-00184-00053392-00053544 you calculate for region a and it'll be
21o3IzoRTVM-00185-00053545-00053722 the same way for the other three regions
21o3IzoRTVM-00186-00053723-00054144 so for IC o---- a just going to equal
21o3IzoRTVM-00187-00054145-00054579 like the porosity a just 0.10 the net
21o3IzoRTVM-00188-00054580-00054822 pay zone for a is seventy-five feet
21o3IzoRTVM-00189-00054823-00055284 the groan of the oil saturation is 0.6
21o3IzoRTVM-00190-00055285-00055676 and the formation volume factor is 1.2
21o3IzoRTVM-00191-00055677-00055905 when you do this calculation you're
21o3IzoRTVM-00192-00055907-00056146 going to get that IC o----
21o3IzoRTVM-00193-00056147-00056803 or region 8 a is three point zero seven
21o3IzoRTVM-00194-00056804-00057480 five and now for B it's gonna be the
21o3IzoRTVM-00195-00057482-00057628 same way just using these values now
21o3IzoRTVM-00196-00057629-00058284 it's going to be ten point zero four six
21o3IzoRTVM-00197-00058285-00058892 four C it's going to be five point two
21o3IzoRTVM-00198-00058894-00059563 five zero and for region D it's going to
21o3IzoRTVM-00199-00059564-00060325 be eight point seven two seven okay and
21o3IzoRTVM-00200-00060326-00060523 so these are just some we look at them
21o3IzoRTVM-00201-00060524-00060925 as constants so it's a parameter for
21o3IzoRTVM-00202-00060926-00061176 that region and so once we have these
21o3IzoRTVM-00203-00061177-00061435 values we can actually average them
21o3IzoRTVM-00204-00061436-00061615 together kind of like well volumetric
21o3IzoRTVM-00205-00061616-00061801 did but now we're doing each region
21o3IzoRTVM-00206-00061802-00061929 region individually instead of like
21o3IzoRTVM-00207-00061930-00062311 connecting them so when we do that it's
21o3IzoRTVM-00208-00062312-00062838 it over here we're gonna add all four of
21o3IzoRTVM-00209-00062839-00063103 these values up divided by four and we
21o3IzoRTVM-00210-00063104-00063501 get six point seven seven four five and
21o3IzoRTVM-00211-00063502-00063829 similar to how we solved for the N which
21o3IzoRTVM-00212-00063829-00064056 is original stock tank oil in place we
21o3IzoRTVM-00213-00064057-00064494 had all this information x @v g RV and
21o3IzoRTVM-00214-00064495-00064696 so like i said like the hn or HD
21o3IzoRTVM-00215-00064697-00064999 porosity s.o.b oh it's all part of the
21o3IzoRTVM-00216-00065000-00065266 IC o---- except like hg cuz it cancels
21o3IzoRTVM-00217-00065266-00065461 and so basically what we can do with
21o3IzoRTVM-00218-00065462-00065728 this right here just plug it in for in
21o3IzoRTVM-00219-00065729-00066032 the end equation so n is going to equal
21o3IzoRTVM-00220-00066033-00066580 43 560 times 40 because our areas still
21o3IzoRTVM-00221-00066581-00066831 40 acres times our IC o---- average
21o3IzoRTVM-00222-00066832-00067288 which is the six point seven seven four
21o3IzoRTVM-00223-00067289-00067731 five and then we're going to divide by
21o3IzoRTVM-00224-00067732-00067942 five point six one five because
21o3IzoRTVM-00225-00067943-00068104 everything else that's not included here
21o3IzoRTVM-00226-00068105-00068244 is already calculated for when you
21o3IzoRTVM-00227-00068245-00068491 compare it to n so this is going to
21o3IzoRTVM-00228-00068492-00069028 equal two million one hundred two
21o3IzoRTVM-00229-00069029-00069531 thousand two hundred and six the point
21o3IzoRTVM-00230-00069532-00069615 three eight
21o3IzoRTVM-00231-00069616-00069913 STP or you can write it as two thousand
21o3IzoRTVM-00232-00069914-00070054 one hundred two point two oh six and
21o3IzoRTVM-00233-00070055-00070368 that s DB or two point one zero - mm STP
21o3IzoRTVM-00234-00070369-00070642 and so as you can see these values are
21o3IzoRTVM-00235-00070643-00070915 very close to each other but there is a
21o3IzoRTVM-00236-00070916-00071242 main reason why I so contour method is
21o3IzoRTVM-00237-00071243-00071410 preferred and you're going to see that
21o3IzoRTVM-00238-00071411-00071803 with the next example because each
21o3IzoRTVM-00239-00071804-00072051 problem one of each property in each of
21o3IzoRTVM-00240-00072052-00072268 these regions are gonna be very low to
21o3IzoRTVM-00241-00072269-00072478 where it's not really shown when you're
21o3IzoRTVM-00242-00072479-00072601 taking the averages when you doing the
21o3IzoRTVM-00243-00072602-00072763 volumetric method so you're gonna be
21o3IzoRTVM-00244-00072764-00072955 getting a lot more oil than what you
21o3IzoRTVM-00245-00072956-00073135 would if you do the ISO contour method
21o3IzoRTVM-00246-00073136-00073510 and so I'm going to write those values
21o3IzoRTVM-00247-00073511-00073806 up now okay so in this case we have
21o3IzoRTVM-00248-00073807-00074007 three regions now and I'm going to show
21o3IzoRTVM-00249-00074008-00074221 you why that ISO contour method is a lot
21o3IzoRTVM-00250-00074222-00074548 better than the volumetric method so in
21o3IzoRTVM-00251-00074549-00074694 the last case the numbers were somewhat
21o3IzoRTVM-00252-00074695-00075009 close think is about 20,000 STP or so
21o3IzoRTVM-00253-00075010-00075271 different or in this case it'll be a lot
21o3IzoRTVM-00254-00075272-00075490 bigger difference so we're given region
21o3IzoRTVM-00255-00075491-00075726 a B and C and if you notice like region
21o3IzoRTVM-00256-00075727-00075862 a for example two porosity is
21o3IzoRTVM-00257-00075863-00076186 approximately zero percent and region B
21o3IzoRTVM-00258-00076187-00076414 will have the oil saturation
21o3IzoRTVM-00259-00076415-00076617 approximately equal to zero percent and
21o3IzoRTVM-00260-00076618-00076999 region C will have the net payzone equal
21o3IzoRTVM-00261-00077000-00077343 to approximately zero feet and so we can
21o3IzoRTVM-00262-00077344-00077524 like just think about in terms like very
21o3IzoRTVM-00263-00077525-00077704 similar like say your processes like x
21o3IzoRTVM-00264-00077705-00077914 one times 10 to the negative twelve or
21o3IzoRTVM-00265-00077915-00078022 something like that like there may be a
21o3IzoRTVM-00266-00078023-00078175 little bit of porosity but it's gonna be
21o3IzoRTVM-00267-00078176-00078316 so little that there'd be such little
21o3IzoRTVM-00268-00078317-00078526 oil in that area and you can look at
21o3IzoRTVM-00269-00078527-00078679 that for all three regions because each
21o3IzoRTVM-00270-00078680-00078855 have a property of zero but when you're
21o3IzoRTVM-00271-00078856-00079015 taking the average of all three
21o3IzoRTVM-00272-00079016-00079206 properties as you'll see it doesn't
21o3IzoRTVM-00273-00079207-00079482 really mimic or show that you have a
21o3IzoRTVM-00274-00079483-00079666 zero property in one of your regions and
21o3IzoRTVM-00275-00079667-00079879 so for when we do our averages just like
21o3IzoRTVM-00276-00079880-00080101 before I'll be the same way just add all
21o3IzoRTVM-00277-00080102-00080290 three up and divide by three so our oil
21o3IzoRTVM-00278-00080291-00080598 saturation will be zero point five zero
21o3IzoRTVM-00279-00080599-00081340 our net payzone average will be 51 0.67
21o3IzoRTVM-00280-00081341-00082011 feet gross average is 113 0.33 feet
21o3IzoRTVM-00281-00082012-00082337 our Bo average is going to be one point
21o3IzoRTVM-00282-00082338-00082501 two three
21o3IzoRTVM-00283-00082502-00083046 bbl four st b and our porosity average
21o3IzoRTVM-00284-00083047-00083541 is going to be point one one seven so
21o3IzoRTVM-00285-00083542-00083829 eleven point seven five percent and like
21o3IzoRTVM-00286-00083830-00084111 using equations showed earlier let's
21o3IzoRTVM-00287-00084112-00084401 solve the volumetric of oil first so
21o3IzoRTVM-00288-00084402-00084698 first like we can use the VG RV which is
21o3IzoRTVM-00289-00084699-00084875 going to be somewhat similar to this
21o3IzoRTVM-00290-00084876-00085043 last case so we're gonna have the unit
21o3IzoRTVM-00291-00085044-00085205 conversion again of forty three five
21o3IzoRTVM-00292-00085206-00085473 sixty times our area which is forty
21o3IzoRTVM-00293-00085474-00085637 acres so our area staying the same for
21o3IzoRTVM-00294-00085638-00086348 this case still forty acres and then our
21o3IzoRTVM-00295-00086349-00086582 gross pay zone is going to be a hundred
21o3IzoRTVM-00296-00086583-00086997 and thirteen our average gross pays I do
21o3IzoRTVM-00297-00086998-00087123 hundred thirteen point three three three
21o3IzoRTVM-00298-00087124-00087398 three feet and so then when we solve for
21o3IzoRTVM-00299-00087399-00087773 n we really just like before we're gonna
21o3IzoRTVM-00300-00087774-00087968 use the average properties again so we
21o3IzoRTVM-00301-00087969-00088937 have the VG RV
21o3IzoRTVM-00302-00088938-00089324 and then we're going to multiply this by
21o3IzoRTVM-00303-00089325-00089697 our net pays on average amount of our
21o3IzoRTVM-00304-00089698-00089850 gross pays on average so like the one
21o3IzoRTVM-00305-00089851-00090006 thirteen point three threes will cancel
21o3IzoRTVM-00306-00090007-00090867 so let us like cancel them right now and
21o3IzoRTVM-00307-00090868-00090966 then we're going to multiply by the
21o3IzoRTVM-00308-00090967-00091188 average porosity and then average what
21o3IzoRTVM-00309-00091189-00091770 oil saturation Soviet times zero point
21o3IzoRTVM-00310-00091771-00092184 five zero and then just like before
21o3IzoRTVM-00311-00092185-00092403 we're gonna divide this by the unit
21o3IzoRTVM-00312-00092404-00092664 conversion of feet cubed barrels which
21o3IzoRTVM-00313-00092665-00092910 is five point six one five when you
21o3IzoRTVM-00314-00092911-00093063 divide by five point six one five anyway
21o3IzoRTVM-00315-00093064-00093252 and then we're going to multiply by our
21o3IzoRTVM-00316-00093253-00093456 Bo average which is going to be one
21o3IzoRTVM-00317-00093457-00093624 point two three and we do this
21o3IzoRTVM-00318-00093625-00093876 calculation you find that your original
21o3IzoRTVM-00319-00093877-00094146 oil original stock tank oil in place is
21o3IzoRTVM-00320-00094147-00094497 going to be seven hundred and sixty two
21o3IzoRTVM-00321-00094498-00094931 thousand five hundred and eighty three
21o3IzoRTVM-00322-00094932-00095424 point three five STP which before is
21o3IzoRTVM-00323-00095425-00095649 around two million or so so let's say
21o3IzoRTVM-00324-00095650-00095889 like maybe a third or so flat are
21o3IzoRTVM-00325-00095890-00096108 two-thirds less than what it was
21o3IzoRTVM-00326-00096109-00096339 originally now we will see here in the
21o3IzoRTVM-00327-00096340-00096570 iso contour method when you take each
21o3IzoRTVM-00328-00096571-00096810 ridge region individually you'll get a
21o3IzoRTVM-00329-00096811-00097092 value that's negligible basically zero
21o3IzoRTVM-00330-00097093-00097605 so let's do I see Oh a just like before
21o3IzoRTVM-00331-00097606-00097749 it's gonna be like the same process for
21o3IzoRTVM-00332-00097750-00097941 a region a B and C solid show the
21o3IzoRTVM-00333-00097942-00098238 calculations for a so for a it's going
21o3IzoRTVM-00334-00098239-00099087 to be seventy it was H n seventy times
21o3IzoRTVM-00335-00099088-00099462 our porosity which is approximately zero
21o3IzoRTVM-00336-00099463-00099879 so very small multiplied by our oil
21o3IzoRTVM-00337-00099880-00100197 saturation which is going to be zero
21o3IzoRTVM-00338-00100198-00100611 point seven five and then we're going to
21o3IzoRTVM-00339-00100612-00100797 divide that by our formation volume
21o3IzoRTVM-00340-00100798-00101112 factor oil which is one point two and so
21o3IzoRTVM-00341-00101113-00101415 like I said zero it's approximately zero
21o3IzoRTVM-00342-00101416-00101622 for your porosity so this is going to
21o3IzoRTVM-00343-00101623-00101798 end up being
21o3IzoRTVM-00344-00101799-00102449 and it'll be the same thing for region B
21o3IzoRTVM-00345-00102450-00102857 and C because as I said like with B your
21o3IzoRTVM-00346-00102858-00103130 oil saturation is approximately zero so
21o3IzoRTVM-00347-00103131-00103433 you can say this is also zero and same
21o3IzoRTVM-00348-00103434-00103824 thing with C your net pay zone is
21o3IzoRTVM-00349-00103825-00104009 approximately zero so we can say it's
21o3IzoRTVM-00350-00104010-00104225 about zero and then so when you
21o3IzoRTVM-00351-00104226-00104744 calculate n using the average of your
21o3IzoRTVM-00352-00104745-00105021 iso contour you find that the average of
21o3IzoRTVM-00353-00105022-00105174 this is just zero plus zero plus zero
21o3IzoRTVM-00354-00105175-00105338 all divided by three so it's just zero
21o3IzoRTVM-00355-00105339-00105594 so when you're calculating your oil in
21o3IzoRTVM-00356-00105595-00105894 place using ISO contour method you're
21o3IzoRTVM-00357-00105895-00106328 going to have n times your average ICL
21o3IzoRTVM-00358-00106329-00106688 which is just zero times like the VG RV
21o3IzoRTVM-00359-00106689-00107216 term which is the 43 560 times 40 and
21o3IzoRTVM-00360-00107217-00107382 like I said before the H G's cancels so
21o3IzoRTVM-00361-00107383-00107651 we can just ignore that in this case and
21o3IzoRTVM-00362-00107652-00107941 then that's just going to be divided by
21o3IzoRTVM-00363-00107942-00108231 five point six one five so as you can
21o3IzoRTVM-00364-00108232-00108434 see this is zero and this makes sense
21o3IzoRTVM-00365-00108435-00108704 too this is what you should expect for
21o3IzoRTVM-00366-00108705-00108894 your oil in your reservoir just because
21o3IzoRTVM-00367-00108895-00109079 if region a neither of these regions
21o3IzoRTVM-00368-00109080-00109331 have the capability of having any oil
21o3IzoRTVM-00369-00109332-00109535 present because the region at your
21o3IzoRTVM-00370-00109536-00109731 porosity is approximately 0% so there
21o3IzoRTVM-00371-00109732-00109937 will be no room for any fluid volume at
21o3IzoRTVM-00372-00109938-00110189 all in region B the oil saturation is
21o3IzoRTVM-00373-00110190-00110358 approximately zero so it may be all
21o3IzoRTVM-00374-00110358-00110612 water so that porosity is 20% so the
21o3IzoRTVM-00375-00110613-00110733 water saturation may be a hundred
21o3IzoRTVM-00376-00110733-00111065 percent or like 99.99% and so on and
21o3IzoRTVM-00377-00111066-00111341 region C our net pay zone is zero fee so
21o3IzoRTVM-00378-00111342-00111543 there is no actual region where there's
21o3IzoRTVM-00379-00111544-00112133 going to be any oil in terms of
21o3IzoRTVM-00380-00112133-00112541 producible oil anyway and so as you can
21o3IzoRTVM-00381-00112542-00112715 see the zeros are very different than
21o3IzoRTVM-00382-00112716-00113015 750 mm stock tank barrels and so that's
21o3IzoRTVM-00383-00113016-00113268 why I so contour method is a lot more
21o3IzoRTVM-00384-00113269-00113498 accurate because by doing the average
21o3IzoRTVM-00385-00113499-00113783 volumetric method you're going to find
21o3IzoRTVM-00386-00113784-00113960 that there will be oil in this reservoir
21o3IzoRTVM-00387-00113961-00114176 but as you can see in each region there
21o3IzoRTVM-00388-00114177-00114326 wouldn't be any oil so that's why the
21o3IzoRTVM-00389-00114327-00114665 ISO contour method is better
231C2IrY41E-00000-00000089-00000494 in this video we'll look at how data can
231C2IrY41E-00001-00000495-00000760 be saved so that it persists within one
231C2IrY41E-00002-00000761-00001003 request-response cycle using request
231C2IrY41E-00003-00001005-00001420 attributes you'll learn how to set
231C2IrY41E-00004-00001421-00001679 request attributes you'll learn how to
231C2IrY41E-00005-00001680-00001988 get request attributes and you'll see
231C2IrY41E-00006-00001989-00002305 how long the request attributes persist
231C2IrY41E-00007-00002306-00002560 to begin let's review how a
231C2IrY41E-00008-00002561-00002879 client-server web application works the
231C2IrY41E-00009-00002880-00003056 application starts when a request is
231C2IrY41E-00010-00003057-00003256 received from the client to the server
231C2IrY41E-00011-00003257-00003511 the web server will then create a
231C2IrY41E-00012-00003513-00003899 request and response object using the
231C2IrY41E-00013-00003900-00004151 MVC pattern in Java will use a servlet
231C2IrY41E-00014-00004152-00004429 as a controller and its responsibility
231C2IrY41E-00015-00004430-00004663 will be to work with the request it may
231C2IrY41E-00016-00004664-00004888 call upon classes from the model to
231C2IrY41E-00017-00004889-00005117 fulfill its duties eventually the
231C2IrY41E-00018-00005118-00005302 servlet will be done and it will pass
231C2IrY41E-00019-00005303-00005468 control to the JSP
231C2IrY41E-00020-00005469-00005759 the JSP s responsibility is to handle
231C2IrY41E-00021-00005760-00006029 the view of our MVC design pattern as
231C2IrY41E-00022-00006030-00006293 such it is responsible for creating the
231C2IrY41E-00023-00006294-00006509 response the request and response
231C2IrY41E-00024-00006509-00006673 objects are available to both the
231C2IrY41E-00025-00006675-00007028 servlet and the JSP the JSP may call
231C2IrY41E-00026-00007029-00007259 upon the model classes as well to
231C2IrY41E-00027-00007259-00007484 perform its duties eventually the JSP
231C2IrY41E-00028-00007484-00007676 will finish making the response and it
231C2IrY41E-00029-00007677-00007814 will send the response back to the
231C2IrY41E-00030-00007815-00008095 client when the response is sent all the
231C2IrY41E-00031-00008097-00008314 objects from the JSP in the model will
231C2IrY41E-00032-00008315-00008477 be discontinued and no longer
231C2IrY41E-00033-00008478-00008819 functioning in addition after the client
231C2IrY41E-00034-00008820-00009041 receives the response the server will
231C2IrY41E-00035-00009042-00009310 also exterminate the request and
231C2IrY41E-00036-00009311-00009620 response objects so the server forgets
231C2IrY41E-00037-00009621-00009785 the client is even there to some extent
231C2IrY41E-00038-00009786-00010001 all of the objects from the first
231C2IrY41E-00039-00010002-00010249 request response cycle are gone
231C2IrY41E-00040-00010250-00010469 eventually the client will send another
231C2IrY41E-00041-00010470-00010753 request and two new requests and
231C2IrY41E-00042-00010754-00010970 response objects will be created and
231C2IrY41E-00043-00010971-00011224 these will be active for this request
231C2IrY41E-00044-00011225-00011488 response cycle anything that was saved
231C2IrY41E-00045-00011489-00011674 along with the request and response from
231C2IrY41E-00046-00011675-00011849 the previous requests and response cycle
231C2IrY41E-00047-00011850-00012074 are gone let's see how we might work
231C2IrY41E-00048-00012075-00012323 with requests attributes in our Eclipse
231C2IrY41E-00049-00012324-00012406 application
231C2IrY41E-00050-00012407-00012706 here's a simple Eclipse application this
231C2IrY41E-00051-00012707-00012991 application has three view components
231C2IrY41E-00052-00012991-00013394 index.jsp is primarily to get the ball
231C2IrY41E-00053-00013394-00013607 and provides a forum where a user can
231C2IrY41E-00054-00013608-00013862 enter a student name student age and GPA
231C2IrY41E-00055-00013863-00014126 when the form is submitted a request
231C2IrY41E-00056-00014127-00014366 will be sent to the server to run page
231C2IrY41E-00057-00014366-00014651 to servlet with page to servlet will
231C2IrY41E-00058-00014652-00014879 first get the data will create a student
231C2IrY41E-00059-00014880-00015119 object and as we'll talk about in a
231C2IrY41E-00060-00015119-00015347 minute we'll store that on the request
231C2IrY41E-00061-00015347-00015638 so that it can be used by the JSP then
231C2IrY41E-00062-00015638-00015947 we'll move to page two JSP for the view
231C2IrY41E-00063-00015947-00016219 of this request response cycle with page
231C2IrY41E-00064-00016220-00016496 two we'll get our value from the request
231C2IrY41E-00065-00016497-00016766 and we'll display it in a table of
231C2IrY41E-00066-00016767-00016994 course now the original request in
231C2IrY41E-00067-00016995-00017267 response to page two servlet are deleted
231C2IrY41E-00068-00017268-00017480 and no longer available so we'll send
231C2IrY41E-00069-00017481-00017855 another request to page three page three
231C2IrY41E-00070-00017856-00018308 servlet will simply pass execution on to
231C2IrY41E-00071-00018309-00018527 page three view so the controller here
231C2IrY41E-00072-00018528-00018730 doesn't do a whole lot except for tell
231C2IrY41E-00073-00018731-00018974 the view to do its work in page three
231C2IrY41E-00074-00018975-00019139 we're going to check to see if the
231C2IrY41E-00075-00019140-00019378 request data is available notice from
231C2IrY41E-00076-00019379-00019619 page two to page three we did not send
231C2IrY41E-00077-00019620-00019897 along any new data and the data that was
231C2IrY41E-00078-00019898-00020096 displayed on page two was in a table
231C2IrY41E-00079-00020097-00020291 instead of a form so it's not passed
231C2IrY41E-00080-00020292-00020500 back to the server so in page three
231C2IrY41E-00081-00020501-00020693 we're going to try to get data from the
231C2IrY41E-00082-00020694-00021022 request if it works we'll display it in
231C2IrY41E-00083-00021023-00021284 a table but if it doesn't it should have
231C2IrY41E-00084-00021285-00021419 an exception we'll catch that exception
231C2IrY41E-00085-00021420-00021778 and we'll show a message so page three
231C2IrY41E-00086-00021779-00022034 is designed to show us that the request
231C2IrY41E-00087-00022035-00022268 data only exists within one request
231C2IrY41E-00088-00022269-00022553 response cycle and as any new request
231C2IrY41E-00089-00022554-00022853 response it'll be gone let's run that to
231C2IrY41E-00090-00022854-00023033 see the inn in action and then we'll
231C2IrY41E-00091-00023034-00023281 come back to explore the actual commands
231C2IrY41E-00092-00023282-00023675 used to store data on the request so
231C2IrY41E-00093-00023676-00023861 we've made one request to our server
231C2IrY41E-00094-00023862-00024314 just ask for index.jsp index.jsp return
231C2IrY41E-00095-00024315-00024497 to this form where we can enter some
231C2IrY41E-00096-00024498-00024827 data put in the name victor victor is
231C2IrY41E-00097-00024828-00025255 now five let's say as a GPA of 4.0 when
231C2IrY41E-00098-00025256-00025586 we click go but new request will be sent
231C2IrY41E-00099-00025587-00025802 to the server to run page two servlet
231C2IrY41E-00100-00025802-00026056 page two servlet will create a student
231C2IrY41E-00101-00026057-00026267 object and add that to request as an
231C2IrY41E-00102-00026268-00026539 attribute and pass the request on to the
231C2IrY41E-00103-00026540-00026818 view page two JSP
231C2IrY41E-00104-00026819-00027108 so when I hit go we'll see the response
231C2IrY41E-00105-00027110-00027454 created by page two JSP and if all works
231C2IrY41E-00106-00027455-00027622 correctly we should see a table showing
231C2IrY41E-00107-00027623-00027880 this exact data here we see that the
231C2IrY41E-00108-00027881-00028039 response was correct and showed us the
231C2IrY41E-00109-00028039-00028237 data this time when we clicked the
231C2IrY41E-00110-00028238-00028516 button a new request will be sent to the
231C2IrY41E-00111-00028517-00028783 server to run page three servlet as we
231C2IrY41E-00112-00028783-00029017 saw the code in there only passes along
231C2IrY41E-00113-00029018-00029317 execution to page three JSP to return a
231C2IrY41E-00114-00029318-00029533 view notice that we're not sending any
231C2IrY41E-00115-00029533-00029779 new data this is just a table not a form
231C2IrY41E-00116-00029780-00030010 so data is not added to the request in
231C2IrY41E-00117-00030011-00030457 page three JSP if there is data on the
231C2IrY41E-00118-00030458-00030682 request as an attribute it will print
231C2IrY41E-00119-00030683-00030931 out another form but if not we'll have
231C2IrY41E-00120-00030932-00031081 an error and it will catch it and it
231C2IrY41E-00121-00031082-00031339 will show us an error message here so
231C2IrY41E-00122-00031339-00031531 let's see what happens new requests and
231C2IrY41E-00123-00031532-00031768 the final response is a request state
231C2IrY41E-00124-00031769-00031981 does not last pass the life of the
231C2IrY41E-00125-00031982-00032245 request which ends when the response is
231C2IrY41E-00126-00032245-00032589 sent so we see the data that corresponds
231C2IrY41E-00127-00032591-00032818 to the request with the form lasted only
231C2IrY41E-00128-00032819-00033040 as long to receive the response from
231C2IrY41E-00129-00033041-00033439 that request the next request did not
231C2IrY41E-00130-00033440-00033676 include the data let's have a look at
231C2IrY41E-00131-00033677-00033805 the code to see how this was
231C2IrY41E-00132-00033806-00034132 accomplished again index.jsp simply
231C2IrY41E-00133-00034133-00034330 provided the form so this was the data
231C2IrY41E-00134-00034331-00034597 student name student age and student GPA
231C2IrY41E-00135-00034598-00034867 that sent along with the request for
231C2IrY41E-00136-00034868-00035338 page two this request is received by the
231C2IrY41E-00137-00035339-00035581 page two servlet the first set of
231C2IrY41E-00138-00035582-00035767 instructions you should be familiar with
231C2IrY41E-00139-00035768-00036052 by now gets the data from parameters
231C2IrY41E-00140-00036053-00036319 parameters are always string so we've
231C2IrY41E-00141-00036320-00036532 converted them as necessary to the
231C2IrY41E-00142-00036533-00036805 appropriate data type the next step in
231C2IrY41E-00143-00036806-00036979 the servlet is to create a student
231C2IrY41E-00144-00036980-00037261 object student object is available in
231C2IrY41E-00145-00037262-00037486 the model we create the student object
231C2IrY41E-00146-00037487-00037681 and we pass it those values in its
231C2IrY41E-00147-00037682-00038020 constructor next this student object
231C2IrY41E-00148-00038021-00038293 would only exist as long as the servlet
231C2IrY41E-00149-00038294-00038512 is working once the servlet is done and
231C2IrY41E-00150-00038513-00038818 passes execution on to the JSP if we do
231C2IrY41E-00151-00038819-00039040 nothing the student object will be
231C2IrY41E-00152-00039041-00039328 deleted so we need to be able to pass
231C2IrY41E-00153-00039329-00039661 the student object along to the JSP you
231C2IrY41E-00154-00039662-00039961 recall when we dispatch execution on to
231C2IrY41E-00155-00039962-00040177 the JSP we
231C2IrY41E-00156-00040178-00040412 pass along the request in the response
231C2IrY41E-00157-00040413-00040699 so conveniently as the request is
231C2IrY41E-00158-00040700-00041029 already going to the JSP it has a method
231C2IrY41E-00159-00041030-00041254 that lets us add data to ride along with
231C2IrY41E-00160-00041255-00041527 it and that's the set attribute method
231C2IrY41E-00161-00041528-00041818 so if we use the setattribute method of
231C2IrY41E-00162-00041819-00042079 the request we can pass objects to the
231C2IrY41E-00163-00042080-00042271 next component which in this case is our
231C2IrY41E-00164-00042272-00042558 JSP it's important that I said objects
231C2IrY41E-00165-00042559-00042685 okay
231C2IrY41E-00166-00042686-00042883 I'll discuss that a little bit more in a
231C2IrY41E-00167-00042884-00043102 moment or two arguments are provided to
231C2IrY41E-00168-00043103-00043459 the set attribute method first is simply
231C2IrY41E-00169-00043460-00043636 a label we're telling it what we're
231C2IrY41E-00170-00043637-00043837 going to call this attribute in this
231C2IrY41E-00171-00043838-00044035 case we called it the same thing student
231C2IrY41E-00172-00044036-00044317 provide that as a string second is the
231C2IrY41E-00173-00044318-00044533 actual value or the object that we're
231C2IrY41E-00174-00044534-00044776 going to put there this was also called
231C2IrY41E-00175-00044777-00045058 student difference here is one is in
231C2IrY41E-00176-00045059-00045259 quotes the label the other one is not
231C2IrY41E-00177-00045260-00045499 meaning that the value or the object is
231C2IrY41E-00178-00045500-00045721 being sent that's called student now I
231C2IrY41E-00179-00045722-00045948 mentioned that attributes are objects
231C2IrY41E-00180-00045949-00046215 that's opposed to parameters which are
231C2IrY41E-00181-00046216-00046381 strings of course that's a type of
231C2IrY41E-00182-00046382-00046648 object but it's a specific object once
231C2IrY41E-00183-00046649-00046870 an object is saved as an attribute on
231C2IrY41E-00184-00046871-00047124 the request it is actually stored as a
231C2IrY41E-00185-00047125-00047425 generic Java object you can see that
231C2IrY41E-00186-00047426-00047650 here in the description of set attribute
231C2IrY41E-00187-00047651-00047851 where it says the second argument is
231C2IrY41E-00188-00047852-00048169 big-oh object are guan you might recall
231C2IrY41E-00189-00048170-00048520 that every java class extends the java
231C2IrY41E-00190-00048521-00048870 object class I like to think of this as
231C2IrY41E-00191-00048871-00049207 compressing the student object down to a
231C2IrY41E-00192-00049208-00049539 generic object sides just for transport
231C2IrY41E-00193-00049540-00049852 execution will be passed to page two JSP
231C2IrY41E-00194-00049853-00050035 when we forward it so let's see what
231C2IrY41E-00195-00050036-00050500 happens there page two dot JSP we want
231C2IrY41E-00196-00050501-00050773 to get that student object off the
231C2IrY41E-00197-00050774-00051052 request as we used a set attribute
231C2IrY41E-00198-00051053-00051310 method of the request to put it on the
231C2IrY41E-00199-00051311-00051555 request it seems obvious that we would
231C2IrY41E-00200-00051557-00051779 use a get attribute method to get it
231C2IrY41E-00201-00051780-00051994 notice in this description that when we
231C2IrY41E-00202-00051995-00052227 get it it's going to return a Java
231C2IrY41E-00203-00052228-00052516 object big-oh object is listed in front
231C2IrY41E-00204-00052516-00052699 of it on this description we only
231C2IrY41E-00205-00052700-00052854 provide one argument and that's the
231C2IrY41E-00206-00052855-00053116 label that we used when we created the
231C2IrY41E-00207-00053116-00053290 attribute in the first place so we're
231C2IrY41E-00208-00053291-00053509 going to get the student object as it is
231C2IrY41E-00209-00053510-00053563 current
231C2IrY41E-00210-00053564-00053854 like impressed as a generic object we
231C2IrY41E-00211-00053854-00054105 need to make sure that it expands to the
231C2IrY41E-00212-00054107-00054316 appropriate object type we're going to
231C2IrY41E-00213-00054316-00054535 do that using something called casting
231C2IrY41E-00214-00054536-00054820 we cast we're basically doing a
231C2IrY41E-00215-00054821-00055051 conversion and we do it by using in
231C2IrY41E-00216-00055052-00055363 parentheses that class name for the
231C2IrY41E-00217-00055364-00055605 object that we want to use so in this
231C2IrY41E-00218-00055607-00055825 case we're going to get the student
231C2IrY41E-00219-00055826-00056116 attribute as an object and then we're
231C2IrY41E-00220-00056116-00056326 going to cast it or if you will
231C2IrY41E-00221-00056327-00056608 uncompress it to a student object and
231C2IrY41E-00222-00056609-00056758 then we're going to store it in a local
231C2IrY41E-00223-00056759-00057117 student object after that we can simply
231C2IrY41E-00224-00057119-00057358 refer to that student object and get its
231C2IrY41E-00225-00057359-00057625 values to create the table for display
231C2IrY41E-00226-00057626-00057954 we saw the table on the client side we
231C2IrY41E-00227-00057955-00058237 hit a request page three servlet does
231C2IrY41E-00228-00058238-00058474 nothing but pass execution on to page
231C2IrY41E-00229-00058475-00058825 three JSP along with the new request and
231C2IrY41E-00230-00058826-00059154 response object page three we do the
231C2IrY41E-00231-00059155-00059344 same thing we try to get the request
231C2IrY41E-00232-00059345-00059599 attribute called student but we wrap it
231C2IrY41E-00233-00059600-00059791 in a try-catch so that if it does not
231C2IrY41E-00234-00059791-00060117 exist as it doesn't it should throw an
231C2IrY41E-00235-00060119-00060566 error when the error occurs our catch
231C2IrY41E-00236-00060567-00060841 will be implemented and it will simply
231C2IrY41E-00237-00060841-00061123 add the message as we saw if there was
231C2IrY41E-00238-00061124-00061380 no error we would have seen the table so
231C2IrY41E-00239-00061382-00061554 with this example we see that request
231C2IrY41E-00240-00061555-00061864 attributes exist only as long as the
231C2IrY41E-00241-00061865-00062212 request object exists within one request
231C2IrY41E-00242-00062213-00062505 response cycle let's see it in action
231C2IrY41E-00243-00062507-00062827 one more time and talk through what's
231C2IrY41E-00244-00062828-00063097 going on with the code good editor
231C2IrY41E-00245-00063098-00063691 Nicholas 15 go a request will be sent
231C2IrY41E-00246-00063691-00063976 for the page to page two servlet will
231C2IrY41E-00247-00063977-00064165 add a student named Nicholas who's aged
231C2IrY41E-00248-00064166-00064516 15 to the request as an attribute then
231C2IrY41E-00249-00064516-00064837 pass execution on to page two JSP for
231C2IrY41E-00250-00064838-00065188 the view page two JSP will read the
231C2IrY41E-00251-00065189-00065419 attribute and then create a table for us
231C2IrY41E-00252-00065420-00065694 to view and send that back as a response
231C2IrY41E-00253-00065695-00066121 which we see here when I click page
231C2IrY41E-00254-00066122-00066406 three button a new request will be sent
231C2IrY41E-00255-00066407-00066598 new requests and response objects
231C2IrY41E-00256-00066599-00066847 created on the server no additional data
231C2IrY41E-00257-00066848-00066946 is sent
231C2IrY41E-00258-00066947-00067378 execution is passed to page three JSP it
231C2IrY41E-00259-00067379-00067582 will try to read the attribute off the
231C2IrY41E-00260-00067583-00067852 request but it does not exist so it will
231C2IrY41E-00261-00067853-00068110 send back an error message telling us
231C2IrY41E-00262-00068111-00068317 that request attributes only exist
231C2IrY41E-00263-00068318-00068653 through one request response cycle as we
231C2IrY41E-00264-00068654-00069148 see here in this video you have learned
231C2IrY41E-00265-00069149-00069388 how to set request attributes using the
231C2IrY41E-00266-00069389-00069658 set attribute method of the request
231C2IrY41E-00267-00069659-00070027 object you've also learned how to get
231C2IrY41E-00268-00070028-00070231 request attributes using the get
231C2IrY41E-00269-00070232-00070471 attribute method of the request object
231C2IrY41E-00270-00070472-00070666 and you learned that you needed to cast
231C2IrY41E-00271-00070667-00070950 them back to the object type you need
231C2IrY41E-00272-00070951-00071200 finally you also saw that request
231C2IrY41E-00273-00071201-00071452 attributes persist only as long as one
231C2IrY41E-00274-00071453-00072013 request response cycle this has been a
231C2IrY41E-00275-00072014-00072265 Piercy production
25lYRVeJwVA-00000-00000120-00001642 [Music]
25lYRVeJwVA-00001-00001643-00002077 ladies this is Kevin the Scholl Anderson
25lYRVeJwVA-00002-00002078-00002492 this is perfectly justified you are my
25lYRVeJwVA-00003-00002493-00002831 loyal audience and I'm very happy to see
25lYRVeJwVA-00004-00002832-00003100 you again today we're going to be
25lYRVeJwVA-00005-00003101-00003545 covering another topic the topic of
25lYRVeJwVA-00006-00003546-00004249 Robert Budd Dwyer this man could have
25lYRVeJwVA-00007-00004250-00004789 still lived today but unfortunately he
25lYRVeJwVA-00008-00004790-00005057 would if he were still alive it would be
25lYRVeJwVA-00009-00005058-00005407 as a political prisoner the reason why
25lYRVeJwVA-00010-00005408-00005761 he died in January of 1987
25lYRVeJwVA-00011-00005762-00006032 is because he did what no one in the
25lYRVeJwVA-00012-00006033-00006325 Justice Department in Pennsylvania would
25lYRVeJwVA-00013-00006326-00006677 have done anyway at that time which was
25lYRVeJwVA-00014-00006678-00006967 to prove once and for all that he was
25lYRVeJwVA-00015-00006968-00007285 not innocent of the crime that he was so
25lYRVeJwVA-00016-00007286-00007913 wrongfully convicted of stuff like this
25lYRVeJwVA-00017-00007914-00008320 goes on so much more today exponentially
25lYRVeJwVA-00018-00008321-00008871 more so than hell even ten years ago and
25lYRVeJwVA-00019-00008872-00009127 even back then and was going on
25lYRVeJwVA-00020-00009128-00009713 exponentially more so than in 87 now I'm
25lYRVeJwVA-00021-00009714-00010534 going to read to you an article that was
25lYRVeJwVA-00022-00010535-00010873 written by some guy working for what I
25lYRVeJwVA-00023-00010874-00011239 believe to be the Associated Press who
25lYRVeJwVA-00024-00011240-00011680 wrote this article either on the day or
25lYRVeJwVA-00025-00011681-00012055 after the day of his suicide
25lYRVeJwVA-00026-00012056-00012678 I mean boudoirs listen to this in
25lYRVeJwVA-00027-00012679-00013283 Meadville Pennsylvania state treasurer
25lYRVeJwVA-00028-00013284-00013634 Robert Budd Dwyer who shot himself to
25lYRVeJwVA-00029-00013635-00013847 death at a news conference on the eve of
25lYRVeJwVA-00030-00013847-00014258 his sentencing on a bribery conspiracy
25lYRVeJwVA-00031-00014259-00014403 conviction
25lYRVeJwVA-00032-00014404-00014705 was eulogized today as an innocent man
25lYRVeJwVA-00033-00014706-00015150 destroyed by the system today I can say
25lYRVeJwVA-00034-00015151-00015603 without every vacation without equal
25lYRVeJwVA-00035-00015604-00015875 education whatever the hell out words
25lYRVeJwVA-00036-00015876-00016406 equivocation without equivocation he did
25lYRVeJwVA-00037-00016407-00016631 nothing wrong and he died an innocent
25lYRVeJwVA-00038-00016632-00017150 man said Roger Richards an attorney and
25lYRVeJwVA-00039-00017151-00017436 family friend in a eulogy to about 300
25lYRVeJwVA-00040-00017437-00017646 people in the First Baptist Church here
25lYRVeJwVA-00041-00017647-00017984 in Dwyers northwestern Pennsylvania
25lYRVeJwVA-00042-00017985-00018112 hometown
25lYRVeJwVA-00043-00018113-00018986 Roger Richards of course knew like we
25lYRVeJwVA-00044-00018987-00019218 all know now just like we did then that
25lYRVeJwVA-00045-00019219-00019491 boudoir was obviously innocent and was
25lYRVeJwVA-00046-00019492-00019764 falsely and wrongfully and illegally
25lYRVeJwVA-00047-00019765-00020102 convicted of something he never did
25lYRVeJwVA-00048-00020103-00020740 Dwyer aged 47 faced a maximum Oh 55
25lYRVeJwVA-00049-00020741-00021147 years in prison basically he would spend
25lYRVeJwVA-00050-00021148-00021362 the rest of his life in jail for
25lYRVeJwVA-00051-00021363-00021743 something he never did when he committed
25lYRVeJwVA-00052-00021744-00022064 suicide in his Harrisburg office on that
25lYRVeJwVA-00053-00022065-00022628 Thursday in January of 1987 he was
25lYRVeJwVA-00054-00022629-00023193 falsely convicted in December of 86 just
25lYRVeJwVA-00055-00023194-00023477 a month prior of agreeing to accept a
25lYRVeJwVA-00056-00023478-00023928 $300,000 bribe in awarding a 4.6 million
25lYRVeJwVA-00057-00023929-00024314 dollar state contract which he never did
25lYRVeJwVA-00058-00024315-00024605 he never accepted the bribe he was
25lYRVeJwVA-00059-00024606-00025031 innocent of it and you know it but Dwyer
25lYRVeJwVA-00060-00025032-00025296 was robbed of justice after spending his
25lYRVeJwVA-00061-00025297-00025565 entire career doing what was right for
25lYRVeJwVA-00062-00025566-00025820 the people of Pennsylvania said the
25lYRVeJwVA-00063-00025822-00026280 Reverend William J Mensa who presided at
25lYRVeJwVA-00064-00026281-00026685 the service his widow Joanne who
25lYRVeJwVA-00065-00026686-00026840 appeared teary-eyed
25lYRVeJwVA-00066-00026841-00027156 but composed commented on the matter
25lYRVeJwVA-00067-00027157-00027545 saying that Budd is vindicated and that
25lYRVeJwVA-00068-00027546-00027724 his contribution
25lYRVeJwVA-00069-00027725-00028030 will not be forgotten because his
25lYRVeJwVA-00070-00028031-00028561 mission cannot die he loved all of you
25lYRVeJwVA-00071-00028562-00028926 and he really died for all of us
25lYRVeJwVA-00072-00028927-00029277 after the service Dwyers dark brown wood
25lYRVeJwVA-00073-00029279-00029530 casket was to be taken to blooming
25lYRVeJwVA-00074-00029531-00029707 Valley Cemetery
25lYRVeJwVA-00075-00029708-00030006 ten miles northeast roughly of Meadville
25lYRVeJwVA-00076-00030007-00030205 Dwyer had called the news conference
25lYRVeJwVA-00077-00030206-00030454 proclaimed his innocence to reporters
25lYRVeJwVA-00078-00030455-00030673 and at the moment everyone present
25lYRVeJwVA-00079-00030674-00030902 expect he would announce his recognition
25lYRVeJwVA-00080-00030904-00031342 pulled a point thirty five seven caliber
25lYRVeJwVA-00081-00031343-00031719 Magnum pistol from a manila envelope
25lYRVeJwVA-00082-00031720-00031957 firing a single bullet through his mouth
25lYRVeJwVA-00083-00031958-00032283 and skull and slumped to the floor of
25lYRVeJwVA-00084-00032285-00032620 his office in the weeks days and even
25lYRVeJwVA-00085-00032620-00033070 moments before Dwyer gave a number of
25lYRVeJwVA-00086-00033071-00033360 signs of his intention but nobody
25lYRVeJwVA-00087-00033361-00033754 noticed or cared to notice there was
25lYRVeJwVA-00088-00033755-00033976 Dwyers handwritten letter December 23rd
25lYRVeJwVA-00089-00033977-00034297 to Senator Arlen Specter also a
25lYRVeJwVA-00090-00034298-00034621 Pennsylvania Republican asking for a
25lYRVeJwVA-00091-00034622-00034987 presidential pardon from then President
25lYRVeJwVA-00092-00034988-00035356 Ronald ray and saying that without it or
25lYRVeJwVA-00093-00035357-00035601 reversal of his convictions by January
25lYRVeJwVA-00094-00035602-00036100 22nd my family will be destroyed even
25lYRVeJwVA-00095-00036101-00036469 though I've done nothing wrong the date
25lYRVeJwVA-00096-00036470-00036706 referred to in that note was the day he
25lYRVeJwVA-00097-00036707-00036934 killed himself there was also a
25lYRVeJwVA-00098-00036935-00037135 conversation that Dwyer had that day
25lYRVeJwVA-00099-00037136-00037387 with Treasury Department aide Robert
25lYRVeJwVA-00100-00037388-00037789 Dallenbach and the half hour we spent
25lYRVeJwVA-00101-00037790-00038122 together he said we talked about what
25lYRVeJwVA-00102-00038123-00038311 we'd be doing five or seven years from
25lYRVeJwVA-00103-00038312-00038530 now he said Dwyer pointed out his
25lYRVeJwVA-00104-00038531-00038737 conviction would require to resign as
25lYRVeJwVA-00105-00038738-00038905 treasurer and will forbid him from
25lYRVeJwVA-00106-00038906-00039136 practicing law and he said that he
25lYRVeJwVA-00107-00039137-00039328 feared he would lose his teaching
25lYRVeJwVA-00108-00039329-00039628 certification he was telling me I have
25lYRVeJwVA-00109-00039629-00039940 no future but I wasn't seeing it well
25lYRVeJwVA-00110-00039941-00040490 mister dawn ball you should have saw it
25lYRVeJwVA-00111-00040491-00040723 the aide recalled that there were
25lYRVeJwVA-00112-00040724-00040926 several incidents at the news conference
25lYRVeJwVA-00113-00040927-00041094 itself
25lYRVeJwVA-00114-00041095-00041385 which are painfully obvious on
25lYRVeJwVA-00115-00041386-00041640 videotapes of the grisly event but went
25lYRVeJwVA-00116-00041641-00042168 unnoticed at that time he attacked
25lYRVeJwVA-00117-00042169-00042585 federal prosecutor James West former
25lYRVeJwVA-00118-00042586-00042906 governor dick thornburgh the media and
25lYRVeJwVA-00119-00042907-00043121 the man who would determine his sentence
25lYRVeJwVA-00120-00043122-00043527 senior District Judge Malcolm Weir who
25lYRVeJwVA-00121-00043528-00043847 obviously all were Democrats and
25lYRVeJwVA-00122-00043848-00044241 Jacksonians so he was absolutely
25lYRVeJwVA-00123-00044242-00044523 justified in having done a shoot promo
25lYRVeJwVA-00124-00044524-00045165 on them the tone infuriated Dwyers
25lYRVeJwVA-00125-00045166-00045426 lawyer Paul Killian who said later he
25lYRVeJwVA-00126-00045427-00045564 was trying to figure out how he will
25lYRVeJwVA-00127-00045565-00045774 repair the bridges Dwyer was burning
25lYRVeJwVA-00128-00045775-00046116 behind him during his rambling message
25lYRVeJwVA-00129-00046117-00046374 to reporters Dwyer had a door at the
25lYRVeJwVA-00130-00046375-00046563 side of the room closed for no reason
25lYRVeJwVA-00131-00046564-00047004 but there was a reason because he did it
25lYRVeJwVA-00132-00047005-00047232 in order to keep his secretary and
25lYRVeJwVA-00133-00047233-00047595 others from witnessing his death he can
25lYRVeJwVA-00134-00047596-00047793 have a sealed envelope to a deputy then
25lYRVeJwVA-00135-00047794-00048051 patted it and said there's something in
25lYRVeJwVA-00136-00048052-00048366 it for Joe and wores wife Dwyer gave
25lYRVeJwVA-00137-00048367-00048624 press aide Greg Penney another sealed
25lYRVeJwVA-00138-00048625-00048834 envelope on which he had written that
25lYRVeJwVA-00139-00048835-00049305 his organ donor card was enclosed the
25lYRVeJwVA-00140-00049306-00049581 videotape shows Penney taking the
25lYRVeJwVA-00141-00049582-00049875 envelope starting across the room by the
25lYRVeJwVA-00142-00049876-00050292 time he read the message and turned back
25lYRVeJwVA-00143-00050293-00050469 towards 2r the treasure had already
25lYRVeJwVA-00144-00050470-00050706 pulled a point thirty five seven caliber
25lYRVeJwVA-00145-00050707-00050844 Magnum from the envelope and in a
25lYRVeJwVA-00146-00050845-00051030 farewell notes with family Dwyer said
25lYRVeJwVA-00147-00051031-00051380 the conviction took away his hope his
25lYRVeJwVA-00148-00051382-00051762 death was the brutal conclusion of a
25lYRVeJwVA-00149-00051763-00052065 political career that until the month of
25lYRVeJwVA-00150-00052066-00052404 July 1984 was one of a rapid rise of
25lYRVeJwVA-00151-00052404-00052614 success a brief successful teaching
25lYRVeJwVA-00152-00052615-00052920 career following by election to the
25lYRVeJwVA-00153-00052921-00053127 State House at twenty-five years of age
25lYRVeJwVA-00154-00053128-00053417 a shift to the Senate six years later 31
25lYRVeJwVA-00155-00053419-00053622 a law degree in night school and a
25lYRVeJwVA-00156-00053623-00053949 surprise victory over an incumbent
25lYRVeJwVA-00157-00053950-00054297 treasurer two views into our emerged
25lYRVeJwVA-00158-00054298-00054462 after July of 80
25lYRVeJwVA-00159-00054463-00054716 for when he was publicly linked to the
25lYRVeJwVA-00160-00054717-00055107 bribery scheme that he was never guilty
25lYRVeJwVA-00161-00055108-00055541 of and never did one painted by the FBI
25lYRVeJwVA-00162-00055542-00055691 the Justice Department government
25lYRVeJwVA-00163-00055692-00055923 witnesses was of a man driven by greed
25lYRVeJwVA-00164-00055924-00056117 eager to railroad the award of a four
25lYRVeJwVA-00165-00056119-00056417 point six million dollar no bid contract
25lYRVeJwVA-00166-00056419-00056607 to a small California data processing
25lYRVeJwVA-00167-00056608-00056841 firm that promised to make $300,000
25lYRVeJwVA-00168-00056841-00057024 kickback the other from Dwyers
25lYRVeJwVA-00169-00057025-00057288 perspective was of an honest innocent
25lYRVeJwVA-00170-00057289-00057686 public official who was persecuted not
25lYRVeJwVA-00171-00057687-00057980 persecuted but the government he once
25lYRVeJwVA-00172-00057982-00058292 proudly lectured about to high school
25lYRVeJwVA-00173-00058294-00058679 students in his problems of democracy
25lYRVeJwVA-00174-00058680-00059213 classes see my shocked you memory
25lYRVeJwVA-00175-00059214-00059652 Jefferson's mistake if you want a little
25lYRVeJwVA-00176-00059653-00059937 more info on that in the laws before
25lYRVeJwVA-00177-00059938-00060309 suicide the two views merged to form an
25lYRVeJwVA-00178-00060310-00060791 image of a desperate man struggling to
25lYRVeJwVA-00179-00060792-00061188 hang on to his office and stay out of
25lYRVeJwVA-00180-00061189-00061863 jail the video in question I must warn
25lYRVeJwVA-00181-00061864-00062196 you you're only going to hear the audio
25lYRVeJwVA-00182-00062197-00062567 of it but it's very graphic and dare I
25lYRVeJwVA-00183-00062569-00062808 say it as the name of this show implies
25lYRVeJwVA-00185-00065935-00067356 [Music]
25lYRVeJwVA-00187-00071142-00071607 do you understand now why justice is
25lYRVeJwVA-00188-00071608-00071997 dead in America there is no justice in
25lYRVeJwVA-00189-00071998-00072549 America and that video that I just
25lYRVeJwVA-00190-00072550-00072930 display the audio thereof within this
25lYRVeJwVA-00191-00072931-00073308 particular episode explains very
25lYRVeJwVA-00192-00073309-00073659 perfectly why that is ladies and
25lYRVeJwVA-00193-00073660-00073937 gentlemen that concludes this episode
25lYRVeJwVA-00194-00073938-00074220 thank you for watching feel free to
25lYRVeJwVA-00195-00074221-00074505 check out my stuff anytime on my youtube
25lYRVeJwVA-00196-00074506-00074868 channel my deviantART my tumblr my for
25lYRVeJwVA-00197-00074869-00075309 affinity my facebook I have a gmail I
25lYRVeJwVA-00198-00075310-00075729 have an Outlook I have a Skype I have a
25lYRVeJwVA-00199-00075730-00076341 discord I have a link to all of my pages
25lYRVeJwVA-00200-00076342-00076626 on my deviantART profile which I will
25lYRVeJwVA-00201-00076627-00076767 link you to in the description of this
25lYRVeJwVA-00202-00076768-00076814 video
25lYRVeJwVA-00203-00076815-00077372 till then I will see you in the annals
25lYRVeJwVA-00204-00077373-00077892 of cyberspace
25lYRVeJwVA-00205-00077893-00078747 [Music]
25lYRVeJwVA-00206-00078748-00079664 [Music]
26d4F2Kz154-00000-00000000-00000569 bye-bye
26d4F2Kz154-00001-00000570-00000815 hello everybody when you see Tracy
26d4F2Kz154-00002-00000816-00001043 frames on your screen it's all good news
26d4F2Kz154-00003-00001044-00001307 once again it's high school life in your
26d4F2Kz154-00004-00001308-00001595 midst with the amazing content know your
26d4F2Kz154-00005-00001596-00001841 history thanks to everyone for
26d4F2Kz154-00006-00001842-00002123 subscribing and liking to our videos as
26d4F2Kz154-00007-00002124-00002405 well continue to subscribe like and
26d4F2Kz154-00008-00002406-00002699 expect more from us today we'll be
26d4F2Kz154-00009-00002700-00003034 talking about the slave trade I hope you
26d4F2Kz154-00010-00003035-00003238 have not heard about the picarious slave
26d4F2Kz154-00011-00003239-00003335 trade
26d4F2Kz154-00012-00003336-00003575 lots of people did not know about this
26d4F2Kz154-00013-00003576-00003953 so stay tuned as I explained in the
26d4F2Kz154-00014-00003954-00004229 details about this place high school
26d4F2Kz154-00015-00004230-00004465 life
26d4F2Kz154-00016-00004466-00004835 okay so now to the picaro's name come
26d4F2Kz154-00017-00004836-00005104 this was a place they collected people
26d4F2Kz154-00018-00005105-00005554 and then saved them there as slaves this
26d4F2Kz154-00019-00005555-00005975 place lasted from 1704 and ended in the
26d4F2Kz154-00020-00005976-00006054 year
26d4F2Kz154-00021-00006055-00006383 1845. when the white arrived here to
26d4F2Kz154-00022-00006384-00006617 trade with us they started trading for
26d4F2Kz154-00023-00006618-00006946 human beings they started collecting
26d4F2Kz154-00024-00006947-00007198 people from the southern Parts which
26d4F2Kz154-00025-00007200-00007463 included the Bono and the Ashanti people
26d4F2Kz154-00026-00007464-00007834 this lasted till the 17th century by
26d4F2Kz154-00027-00007836-00008051 that time they had lots of people from
26d4F2Kz154-00028-00008052-00008291 the southern parts and hadn't yet
26d4F2Kz154-00029-00008292-00008524 reached the Northern parts this was when
26d4F2Kz154-00030-00008525-00008801 a month decided to help them out by
26d4F2Kz154-00031-00008802-00009028 collecting strong people for them to
26d4F2Kz154-00032-00009029-00009341 serve them as slaves they agreed and
26d4F2Kz154-00033-00009342-00009556 signed a contract with this month he
26d4F2Kz154-00034-00009557-00009749 then went to the northern part which we
26d4F2Kz154-00035-00009750-00010037 all know to call them soon before he
26d4F2Kz154-00036-00010038-00010277 went there and convinced the people that
26d4F2Kz154-00037-00010278-00010517 he went with the white and then these
26d4F2Kz154-00038-00010518-00010877 whites were gods they agreed and then
26d4F2Kz154-00039-00010878-00011153 went with him he marked them to the
26d4F2Kz154-00040-00011154-00011435 white and then sold them he collected
26d4F2Kz154-00041-00011436-00011837 guns goats diamonds and other stuffs in
26d4F2Kz154-00042-00011838-00011963 return
26d4F2Kz154-00043-00011964-00012238 later on the people found out and got
26d4F2Kz154-00044-00012239-00012533 angry thereby he was abolished from the
26d4F2Kz154-00045-00012534-00012742 town he came back and then collected
26d4F2Kz154-00046-00012743-00013001 weapons from these white people to go
26d4F2Kz154-00047-00013002-00013279 for more people from the Northern parts
26d4F2Kz154-00048-00013280-00013679 served as slaves when he came back he
26d4F2Kz154-00049-00013680-00014027 stayed at a place close to taga which we
26d4F2Kz154-00050-00014028-00014243 have talked about it already
26d4F2Kz154-00051-00014244-00014536 he then went to the farm and then shot
26d4F2Kz154-00052-00014537-00014788 at one of the family members when they
26d4F2Kz154-00053-00014790-00015065 hunt all go for farming so that you get
26d4F2Kz154-00054-00015066-00015335 frightened and follow him to the whites
26d4F2Kz154-00055-00015336-00015611 and serve as leaves as well
26d4F2Kz154-00056-00015612-00015893 some more African signed contracts with
26d4F2Kz154-00057-00015894-00016138 these whites because they believed they
26d4F2Kz154-00058-00016140-00016366 had lots of money from going for people
26d4F2Kz154-00059-00016368-00016600 and then bringing them to save as slaves
26d4F2Kz154-00060-00016601-00016883 these Africans became the master of this
26d4F2Kz154-00061-00016884-00017029 slave trade
26d4F2Kz154-00062-00017030-00017308 why should Africans go against each
26d4F2Kz154-00063-00017309-00017429 other
26d4F2Kz154-00064-00017430-00017777 they fed these days with cooked Maize
26d4F2Kz154-00065-00017778-00018058 without salt or any sugar and where they
26d4F2Kz154-00066-00018059-00018286 place it for these legs it was very
26d4F2Kz154-00067-00018287-00018455 terrible
26d4F2Kz154-00068-00018456-00018700 and how even these days got to get water
26d4F2Kz154-00069-00018701-00018983 was trouble for them because there was
26d4F2Kz154-00070-00018984-00019186 no river that provided water for the
26d4F2Kz154-00071-00019187-00019271 snakes
26d4F2Kz154-00072-00019272-00019511 they had a rug that provided water and
26d4F2Kz154-00073-00019512-00019744 then it is believed to date this Rock
26d4F2Kz154-00074-00019745-00020105 still provides water for them this rock
26d4F2Kz154-00075-00020106-00020386 also served as drunk for the people and
26d4F2Kz154-00076-00020387-00020585 then the strike is at different places
26d4F2Kz154-00077-00020586-00020807 with the stone which provided different
26d4F2Kz154-00078-00020808-00021185 sounds to them lately and so this rock
26d4F2Kz154-00079-00021186-00021443 also play the same sound when you strike
26d4F2Kz154-00080-00021444-00021727 at its different from different places
26d4F2Kz154-00081-00021728-00022030 the most terrible thing is that when
26d4F2Kz154-00082-00022031-00022289 these links try to escape they will tie
26d4F2Kz154-00083-00022290-00022511 them and then place them on a rock
26d4F2Kz154-00084-00022512-00022822 and allow them to face the sunrise from
26d4F2Kz154-00085-00022823-00023122 east to west this wasn't so easy because
26d4F2Kz154-00086-00023123-00023458 it was one of the sunny parts of Ghana
26d4F2Kz154-00087-00023459-00023747 some place hit themselves with rocks
26d4F2Kz154-00088-00023748-00023969 just to end their life because they were
26d4F2Kz154-00089-00023970-00024239 suffering a lot and they couldn't handle
26d4F2Kz154-00090-00024240-00024617 it these slaves were matched by the
26d4F2Kz154-00091-00024618-00024922 slave masters which was Africans took
26d4F2Kz154-00092-00024923-00025271 about 150 kilometers just to sell them
26d4F2Kz154-00093-00025272-00025696 at the salaga slave markets this man who
26d4F2Kz154-00094-00025697-00025990 wears established the precariously come
26d4F2Kz154-00095-00025991-00026255 and sign contracts with the white was
26d4F2Kz154-00096-00026256-00026729 called bagaw which means Bushman this
26d4F2Kz154-00097-00026730-00026981 man is believed to have learned many
26d4F2Kz154-00098-00026982-00027239 languages and then understands them as
26d4F2Kz154-00099-00027239-00027502 well he could speak many languages
26d4F2Kz154-00100-00027504-00027827 including the English language and he
26d4F2Kz154-00101-00027827-00028108 had drugs which he added to the food of
26d4F2Kz154-00102-00028110-00028312 these leaves to make them forget where
26d4F2Kz154-00103-00028313-00028540 they are coming from and then go back to
26d4F2Kz154-00104-00028541-00028835 where they are from those who died at
26d4F2Kz154-00105-00028836-00029068 that time have been buried at the picaro
26d4F2Kz154-00106-00029069-00029339 slave straight and there are a lot of
26d4F2Kz154-00107-00029339-00029620 things to discover over that place such
26d4F2Kz154-00108-00029622-00029890 as The Rock which they were punished the
26d4F2Kz154-00109-00029891-00030107 where the slings met and the rock that
26d4F2Kz154-00110-00030108-00030407 served as water for this place so go
26d4F2Kz154-00111-00030408-00030635 there and check it out sometimes when
26d4F2Kz154-00112-00030636-00030845 you have a free time
26d4F2Kz154-00113-00030845-00031145 I believe you have heads and learned a
26d4F2Kz154-00114-00031145-00031439 lot about this place and thereby you
26d4F2Kz154-00115-00031439-00031649 will subscribe to our Channel and follow
26d4F2Kz154-00116-00031650-00032226 us for more I go by the name
26d4F2Kz154-00117-00032227-00032344 [Applause]
26d4F2Kz154-00118-00032345-00032814 [Music]
28tfA9uIN9M-00000-00001063-00001354 straight kitten meows at top of lungs
28tfA9uIN9M-00001-00001355-00001939 until someone saves her meat pistachio
28tfA9uIN9M-00002-00001941-00002192 an adorable stray kitten with an
28tfA9uIN9M-00003-00002193-00002555 incredible will to live pistachio was
28tfA9uIN9M-00004-00002556-00002783 born on the streets of Los Angeles the
28tfA9uIN9M-00005-00002784-00002933 little kitten didn't have any family or
28tfA9uIN9M-00006-00002934-00003175 anyone to take care of her but she was
28tfA9uIN9M-00007-00003176-00003494 determined to survive pistachio started
28tfA9uIN9M-00008-00003495-00003640 wandering from house to house
28tfA9uIN9M-00009-00003642-00003922 meowing as loud as she could but despite
28tfA9uIN9M-00010-00003923-00004283 her best efforts no one took her in when
28tfA9uIN9M-00011-00004284-00004484 pistachio was three months old an animal
28tfA9uIN9M-00012-00004485-00004706 rescue group called Alley Cat rescue
28tfA9uIN9M-00013-00004707-00005054 founder Desiree a volunteer with le Cat
28tfA9uIN9M-00014-00005055-00005270 Rescue was working on a trap neuter
28tfA9uIN9M-00015-00005271-00005506 release job in pistachios neighborhood a
28tfA9uIN9M-00016-00005507-00005735 neighborhood resident walked up to
28tfA9uIN9M-00017-00005736-00005956 Desiree and her fellow volunteers and
28tfA9uIN9M-00018-00005957-00006236 told them about pistachio Desiree
28tfA9uIN9M-00019-00006237-00006397 quickly decided that she wanted to
28tfA9uIN9M-00020-00006398-00006827 rescue this tiny stray kitten a resident
28tfA9uIN9M-00021-00006828-00006989 told us about the skinny kitten that was
28tfA9uIN9M-00022-00006990-00007214 looking for a home sure enough we found
28tfA9uIN9M-00023-00007215-00007445 her on a doorstep being shooed away said
28tfA9uIN9M-00024-00007445-00007784 Desiree Desiree found pistachio standing
28tfA9uIN9M-00025-00007784-00008017 on a porch meowing her lungs out the
28tfA9uIN9M-00026-00008018-00008192 kittens voice was raspy with all her
28tfA9uIN9M-00027-00008193-00008378 meowing but she still purred when she
28tfA9uIN9M-00028-00008379-00008662 saw Desiree walking up to her
28tfA9uIN9M-00029-00008663-00008909 Desiree took pistachio home with her and
28tfA9uIN9M-00030-00008910-00009103 cleaned her up the poor kitten was
28tfA9uIN9M-00031-00009104-00009305 covered in dirt and fleas and she had an
28tfA9uIN9M-00032-00009306-00009530 upper respiratory infection but even
28tfA9uIN9M-00033-00009531-00009685 though she wasn't feeling well she was
28tfA9uIN9M-00034-00009686-00009967 still as sweet as could be after
28tfA9uIN9M-00035-00009968-00010217 reaching out to le cat rescues Network
28tfA9uIN9M-00036-00010218-00010435 Desiree was able to find a foster home
28tfA9uIN9M-00037-00010436-00010678 for pistachio little pistachio was so
28tfA9uIN9M-00038-00010679-00010835 happy to finally have a roof over her
28tfA9uIN9M-00039-00010836-00011098 head and foster parents who loved her
28tfA9uIN9M-00040-00011099-00011309 after a week in the foster home
28tfA9uIN9M-00041-00011310-00011501 pistachios upper respiratory infection
28tfA9uIN9M-00042-00011502-00011796 cleared up she also began gaining weight
28tfA9uIN9M-00043-00011797-00012041 once pistachio started feeling better
28tfA9uIN9M-00044-00012042-00012220 her foster parents introduced her to
28tfA9uIN9M-00045-00012221-00012509 other cats pistachio absolutely loved
28tfA9uIN9M-00046-00012510-00012701 hanging out with the other kitties she
28tfA9uIN9M-00047-00012702-00012877 was particularly fond of Butterbean a
28tfA9uIN9M-00048-00012878-00013049 kitten who was a couple months younger
28tfA9uIN9M-00049-00013050-00013291 than her she acted like she was a big
28tfA9uIN9M-00050-00013293-00013406 sister
28tfA9uIN9M-00051-00013407-00013686 pistachio update she's adjusting well in
28tfA9uIN9M-00052-00013687-00013875 her new home and winning over the older
28tfA9uIN9M-00053-00013876-00014141 cats pistachios foster dad wrote on
28tfA9uIN9M-00054-00014143-00014457 Facebook pistachio is still searching
28tfA9uIN9M-00055-00014458-00014663 for her forever home after everything
28tfA9uIN9M-00056-00014665-00014727 she's been through
28tfA9uIN9M-00057-00014728-00015015 this kitten deserves a great home even
28tfA9uIN9M-00058-00015016-00015144 though she had such a rough start to
28tfA9uIN9M-00059-00015144-00015285 life she never lost her sweet
28tfA9uIN9M-00060-00015286-00015541 personality and she still trusts people
28tfA9uIN9M-00061-00015543-00015794 open your arms and she settles in for a
28tfA9uIN9M-00062-00015796-00016029 cuddle she's quick to purr and show how
28tfA9uIN9M-00063-00016030-00016119 happy she is
28tfA9uIN9M-00064-00016119-00016473 Desiree says pistachio is an adorable
28tfA9uIN9M-00065-00016474-00016677 kitten with the sweetest personality if
28tfA9uIN9M-00066-00016678-00016845 you're interested in learning more about
28tfA9uIN9M-00067-00016846-00017121 pistachio or alley cat rescue check out
28tfA9uIN9M-00068-00017122-00017358 their Facebook page please share this
28tfA9uIN9M-00069-00017359-00017841 with your friends and family
28tfA9uIN9M-00070-00017842-00018621 [Music]
28VkAnjTxSE-00000-00000258-00000529 yeah I'm crazy
28VkAnjTxSE-00001-00000530-00002063 [Music]
28VkAnjTxSE-00002-00002064-00003745 [Music]
28VkAnjTxSE-00003-00003746-00004084 you you you you you you you you you
28VkAnjTxSE-00004-00004085-00004795 [Music]
28VkAnjTxSE-00005-00004796-00005554 [Music]
2r2gaECACQ0-00000-00000040-00000231 foreign
2r2gaECACQ0-00001-00000233-00000885 [Music]
2uzhJTt4vR0-00000-00000007-00000313 so our museum collection can serve many
2uzhJTt4vR0-00001-00000314-00000484 different purposes we've had
2uzhJTt4vR0-00002-00000485-00000736 glassblowing artists and woodworkers
2uzhJTt4vR0-00003-00000737-00000941 come in they just want to look at the
2uzhJTt4vR0-00004-00000942-00001178 birds and get a close-up look at the
2uzhJTt4vR0-00005-00001179-00001358 details with feathers and spread wings
2uzhJTt4vR0-00006-00001359-00001691 and we also do collaborations with local
2uzhJTt4vR0-00007-00001692-00001904 undergraduate and graduate students that
2uzhJTt4vR0-00008-00001905-00002183 are looking for research projects we had
2uzhJTt4vR0-00009-00002184-00002434 a young lee come in and measure all the
2uzhJTt4vR0-00010-00002435-00002710 leg bones of white-breasted nuthatches
2uzhJTt4vR0-00011-00002711-00002983 in our collection and we also do
2uzhJTt4vR0-00012-00002984-00003104 collaborative work with bigger
2uzhJTt4vR0-00013-00003105-00003397 institutions like usda where we're going
2uzhJTt4vR0-00014-00003398-00003629 to work on a project trying to figure
2uzhJTt4vR0-00015-00003629-00003847 out why some birds are better at
2uzhJTt4vR0-00016-00003848-00004124 avoiding plane collisions than others so
2uzhJTt4vR0-00017-00004125-00004411 the museum collection has a very wide
2uzhJTt4vR0-00018-00004412-00004663 reach a lot of people ask us what we
2uzhJTt4vR0-00019-00004664-00004897 have and we try to make our collection
2uzhJTt4vR0-00020-00004898-00005108 as available as possible to people who
2uzhJTt4vR0-00021-00005109-00005267 want to utilize this data that we've
2uzhJTt4vR0-00022-00005268-00005471 collected
2xWiJZBdrpM-00000-00000239-00001577 uh
2xWiJZBdrpM-00001-00001578-00002195 [Applause]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00002-00002196-00003559 [Applause]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00003-00003560-00005120 [Applause]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00004-00005121-00005640 [Applause]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00005-00005641-00006865 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00006-00006866-00007831 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00007-00007833-00008513 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00008-00008514-00009246 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00009-00009247-00009563 uh
2xWiJZBdrpM-00010-00009564-00010255 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00011-00010256-00010358 hmm
2xWiJZBdrpM-00012-00010359-00012063 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00013-00012064-00012167 so
2xWiJZBdrpM-00014-00012168-00012417 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00015-00012418-00013490 [Applause]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00016-00013491-00013951 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00017-00013952-00015911 so
2xWiJZBdrpM-00018-00015912-00016779 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00019-00016780-00017925 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00020-00017926-00018135 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00021-00018136-00018474 [Applause]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00022-00018475-00019310 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00023-00019311-00019703 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00024-00019704-00020148 here
2xWiJZBdrpM-00025-00020149-00021115 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00026-00021116-00022147 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00028-00026175-00026974 uh
2xWiJZBdrpM-00029-00026975-00029102 [Applause]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00031-00036440-00038098 thanks
2xWiJZBdrpM-00032-00038099-00038999 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00033-00039000-00039831 oh
2xWiJZBdrpM-00034-00039832-00040951 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00035-00040952-00041074 yes
2xWiJZBdrpM-00036-00041075-00042198 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00037-00042199-00043374 [Applause]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00038-00043375-00044338 oh
2xWiJZBdrpM-00039-00044339-00045702 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00040-00045703-00046465 russians
2xWiJZBdrpM-00041-00046466-00047007 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00042-00047008-00047238 oh
2xWiJZBdrpM-00043-00047239-00048088 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00044-00048089-00049343 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00045-00049344-00049790 i'm
2xWiJZBdrpM-00046-00049791-00050034 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00047-00050035-00051395 [Applause]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00048-00051396-00051885 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00050-00055648-00055784 see
2xWiJZBdrpM-00051-00055785-00057746 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00052-00057747-00058071 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00053-00058072-00058936 me
2xWiJZBdrpM-00054-00058937-00059694 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00055-00059695-00060255 so
2xWiJZBdrpM-00056-00060257-00060699 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00057-00060700-00060780 [Applause]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00058-00060782-00062039 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00059-00062040-00063160 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00060-00063161-00064464 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00061-00064465-00066135 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00062-00066136-00067143 [Applause]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00063-00067144-00067826 oh
2xWiJZBdrpM-00064-00067827-00070310 [Applause]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00065-00070311-00071767 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00066-00071768-00072455 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00067-00072456-00072605 [Applause]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00068-00072606-00073357 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00069-00073358-00074644 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00070-00074645-00075418 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00071-00075419-00076247 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00073-00079832-00080494 do not look out
2xWiJZBdrpM-00074-00080495-00080649 oh
2xWiJZBdrpM-00076-00083872-00084838 are you dying
2xWiJZBdrpM-00078-00091436-00092404 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00079-00092405-00093050 [Applause]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00080-00093051-00093631 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00081-00093632-00094115 somewhere on me
2xWiJZBdrpM-00082-00094116-00094550 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00083-00094695-00095347 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00084-00095348-00095548 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00085-00095549-00095795 [Applause]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00086-00095796-00097287 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00087-00097288-00098847 hello
2xWiJZBdrpM-00088-00098848-00100118 hello how are you today
2xWiJZBdrpM-00089-00100119-00100311 it's good to be alive
2xWiJZBdrpM-00090-00100312-00100470 let me tell you
2xWiJZBdrpM-00091-00100471-00100967 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00092-00100968-00101206 do i hear an engine
2xWiJZBdrpM-00094-00106240-00106686 get up
2xWiJZBdrpM-00095-00106688-00107747 this medic yeah
2xWiJZBdrpM-00096-00107748-00108495 [Applause]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00097-00108496-00108693 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00098-00108694-00108872 [Applause]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00099-00108873-00108961 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00100-00108963-00109841 [Applause]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00101-00109842-00110455 [Applause]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00102-00110456-00111314 [Applause]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00103-00111315-00111615 [Applause]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00104-00111616-00112071 thank you
2xWiJZBdrpM-00105-00112072-00112198 thanks
2xWiJZBdrpM-00106-00112199-00114734 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00107-00114735-00114914 get the life
2xWiJZBdrpM-00108-00114915-00115983 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00109-00115983-00117063 uh
2xWiJZBdrpM-00110-00117064-00117447 thank you
2xWiJZBdrpM-00111-00117448-00117975 thank you
2xWiJZBdrpM-00112-00117976-00118798 today
2xWiJZBdrpM-00113-00118799-00120149 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00114-00120150-00120375 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00115-00120376-00121293 mission accomplished
2xWiJZBdrpM-00116-00121294-00123151 [Music]
2xWiJZBdrpM-00117-00123152-00123452 and
2z9QuisvDr4-00000-00000000-00000209 I hope you enjoyed last week's episode
2z9QuisvDr4-00001-00000210-00000473 on healthy friendships and that has
2z9QuisvDr4-00002-00000474-00000730 helped you identify or confirm the True
2z9QuisvDr4-00003-00000731-00000977 Blues in your life if you missed it
2z9QuisvDr4-00004-00000977-00001277 please go back and listen to episode 45.
2z9QuisvDr4-00005-00001278-00001630 today is Valentine's Day so happy
2z9QuisvDr4-00006-00001632-00001943 Valentine's Day to you and yours I am
2z9QuisvDr4-00007-00001944-00002297 joined by my Valentine of 26 years my
2z9QuisvDr4-00008-00002298-00002495 husband who was going to help me talk
2z9QuisvDr4-00009-00002496-00002783 today about the viability of marriage my
2z9QuisvDr4-00010-00002784-00002968 husband's name is George for those of
2z9QuisvDr4-00011-00002969-00003179 you who don't know and his middle name
2z9QuisvDr4-00012-00003180-00003461 believe it or not is love I'm not joking
2z9QuisvDr4-00013-00003461-00003670 about that that's his real middle name
2z9QuisvDr4-00014-00003671-00003959 and I have to say he has lived up to
2z9QuisvDr4-00015-00003960-00004222 that name by loving me and our three
2z9QuisvDr4-00016-00004223-00004541 children well George is usually working
2z9QuisvDr4-00017-00004542-00004738 behind the scenes producing the podcast
2z9QuisvDr4-00018-00004739-00005002 but today he is helping me on the other
2z9QuisvDr4-00019-00005003-00005249 side of the microphone welcome to the
2z9QuisvDr4-00020-00005250-00005495 program George how are you doing today
2z9QuisvDr4-00021-00005496-00005795 I'm doing great honey you're doing great
2z9QuisvDr4-00022-00005796-00005999 Valentine's Day or should I say happy
2z9QuisvDr4-00023-00006000-00006125 love day
2z9QuisvDr4-00024-00006126-00006322 thank you very much Happy love Day to
2z9QuisvDr4-00025-00006323-00006598 you two as well okay so I invited you on
2z9QuisvDr4-00026-00006600-00006851 the podcast today to answer the question
2z9QuisvDr4-00027-00006852-00007096 from our perspective and experience does
2z9QuisvDr4-00028-00007097-00007355 marriage work is it doable can it run
2z9QuisvDr4-00029-00007356-00007559 the distance and is it worth the
2z9QuisvDr4-00030-00007559-00007810 investment but before we you know get
2z9QuisvDr4-00031-00007811-00008020 into that I want to share with you and
2z9QuisvDr4-00032-00008022-00008219 our listeners you know some stats on
2z9QuisvDr4-00033-00008220-00008374 marriage in at least in the United
2z9QuisvDr4-00034-00008375-00008645 States and it has been predicted that
2z9QuisvDr4-00035-00008646-00008939 nearly 50 percent of all marriages in
2z9QuisvDr4-00036-00008940-00009209 the U.S will end in divorce or
2z9QuisvDr4-00037-00009210-00009574 separation and that 41 of all first
2z9QuisvDr4-00038-00009575-00009881 marriages end in divorce those are high
2z9QuisvDr4-00039-00009882-00010205 numbers right and I would agree yeah and
2z9QuisvDr4-00040-00010206-00010373 it begs the question you know why do
2z9QuisvDr4-00041-00010374-00010505 people divorce
2z9QuisvDr4-00042-00010506-00010835 and apparently marital infidelity is a
2z9QuisvDr4-00043-00010836-00011081 leading cause of divorce according to a
2z9QuisvDr4-00044-00011082-00011321 study from the American Association for
2z9QuisvDr4-00045-00011322-00011573 marriage and family therapy as many as
2z9QuisvDr4-00046-00011574-00011909 25 percent of married men and 15 percent
2z9QuisvDr4-00047-00011910-00012196 of married women have had extramarital
2z9QuisvDr4-00048-00012197-00012574 Affairs and between 70 and 80 percent of
2z9QuisvDr4-00049-00012575-00012880 divorces are initiated by women
2z9QuisvDr4-00050-00012881-00013079 what's interesting to me is the length
2z9QuisvDr4-00051-00013080-00013313 of a marriage in the U.S is seven to
2z9QuisvDr4-00052-00013313-00013601 eight years and the toughest age for
2z9QuisvDr4-00053-00013602-00013829 children to deal with the separation or
2z9QuisvDr4-00054-00013830-00014105 divorce of their parents is 6 to 12
2z9QuisvDr4-00055-00014106-00014399 years of age that's a lot of data but it
2z9QuisvDr4-00056-00014400-00014615 does give you a good picture of the
2z9QuisvDr4-00057-00014616-00014861 status of marriage in America
2z9QuisvDr4-00058-00014862-00015065 and I have to say those stats would
2z9QuisvDr4-00059-00015066-00015221 really lead you to believe that the
2z9QuisvDr4-00060-00015222-00015455 institution of marriage doesn't work and
2z9QuisvDr4-00061-00015456-00015671 that it's by and large a failure at
2z9QuisvDr4-00062-00015672-00015880 least here in the U.S what do you think
2z9QuisvDr4-00063-00015881-00016049 about those stats George particularly
2z9QuisvDr4-00064-00016050-00016319 the 50 divorce rate
2z9QuisvDr4-00065-00016319-00016505 well look at the Historical numbers
2z9QuisvDr4-00066-00016506-00016715 would probably estimate that those
2z9QuisvDr4-00067-00016716-00016913 numbers have been going up since about
2z9QuisvDr4-00068-00016914-00017135 the 50s okay
2z9QuisvDr4-00069-00017136-00017344 Society we have walked away from the
2z9QuisvDr4-00070-00017345-00017711 architect of marriage God and when you
2z9QuisvDr4-00071-00017712-00017927 say we just to clarify we're talking
2z9QuisvDr4-00072-00017928-00018107 about the culture at large in general
2z9QuisvDr4-00073-00018108-00018383 our society in America so if you don't
2z9QuisvDr4-00074-00018384-00018575 follow the blueprint you're not going to
2z9QuisvDr4-00075-00018576-00018785 have the intended results so now it's
2z9QuisvDr4-00076-00018786-00018917 not working well of course it's not
2z9QuisvDr4-00077-00018918-00019036 working because we're not following the
2z9QuisvDr4-00078-00019037-00019211 blueprint you don't follow the blueprint
2z9QuisvDr4-00079-00019212-00019375 you won't get the desired outcome
2z9QuisvDr4-00080-00019376-00019667 exactly I also think it's interesting
2z9QuisvDr4-00081-00019668-00019871 that infidelity is the number one cause
2z9QuisvDr4-00082-00019872-00020111 of divorce at least here in the U.S I
2z9QuisvDr4-00083-00020112-00020279 mean I understand how it leads to
2z9QuisvDr4-00084-00020280-00020500 divorce but I wonder about the reasons
2z9QuisvDr4-00085-00020501-00020741 you know it occurs so pervasively in the
2z9QuisvDr4-00086-00020742-00020885 first place why do you think people
2z9QuisvDr4-00087-00020886-00021130 cheat on their spouses I believe that
2z9QuisvDr4-00088-00021131-00021329 the reason why people are cheating is
2z9QuisvDr4-00089-00021330-00021544 because they got into marriage for the
2z9QuisvDr4-00090-00021545-00021719 wrong reasons
2z9QuisvDr4-00091-00021720-00021989 they have this glorified idea of what
2z9QuisvDr4-00092-00021990-00022258 marriage actually is so if you expect
2z9QuisvDr4-00093-00022259-00022493 marriage to be this perfect situation
2z9QuisvDr4-00094-00022494-00022636 where there's never going to be any
2z9QuisvDr4-00095-00022637-00022847 strife and all your needs are going to
2z9QuisvDr4-00096-00022848-00022978 be met and you don't have to do anything
2z9QuisvDr4-00097-00022979-00023164 for it you have to lift a finger to do
2z9QuisvDr4-00098-00023165-00023477 anything for him and vice versa and I
2z9QuisvDr4-00099-00023478-00023639 think that's the problem we walked away
2z9QuisvDr4-00100-00023640-00023843 from all of the basic principles and
2z9QuisvDr4-00101-00023844-00024035 tenants and then we have these unreal
2z9QuisvDr4-00102-00024036-00024161 expectations of the other person
2z9QuisvDr4-00103-00024162-00024394 interesting interesting a point you know
2z9QuisvDr4-00104-00024395-00024550 yeah I'm sure there are many reasons
2z9QuisvDr4-00105-00024551-00024730 it's not to say that you know you can't
2z9QuisvDr4-00106-00024731-00024953 change your decision if there's abuse or
2z9QuisvDr4-00107-00024954-00025157 if the other person won't commit to you
2z9QuisvDr4-00108-00025158-00025367 or cheats on you you know the Bible even
2z9QuisvDr4-00109-00025368-00025612 gives you a way out for infidelity so we
2z9QuisvDr4-00110-00025613-00025805 we do understand sometimes you can't
2z9QuisvDr4-00111-00025806-00026105 work it out but it saddens me that
2z9QuisvDr4-00112-00026106-00026405 infidelity is the number one cause of
2z9QuisvDr4-00113-00026406-00026711 divorce at least here in the U.S what do
2z9QuisvDr4-00114-00026712-00026855 you think George are some practical
2z9QuisvDr4-00115-00026856-00027070 things you know can we make our marriage
2z9QuisvDr4-00116-00027072-00027305 a fair proof and if we can what do you
2z9QuisvDr4-00117-00027306-00027473 think might be some practical things we
2z9QuisvDr4-00118-00027474-00027731 can do or consider you know to possibly
2z9QuisvDr4-00119-00027732-00027917 make our marriage a fair proof since
2z9QuisvDr4-00120-00027918-00028199 that's the big issue in America if you
2z9QuisvDr4-00121-00028200-00028439 look at a beautiful person you look and
2z9QuisvDr4-00122-00028439-00028618 then you don't take that second look if
2z9QuisvDr4-00123-00028619-00028757 you take that second look that's when it
2z9QuisvDr4-00124-00028758-00029196 becomes lessable okay
2z9QuisvDr4-00125-00029197-00029435 First Look is fine but the second look
2z9QuisvDr4-00126-00029436-00029651 is when it becomes a little questionable
2z9QuisvDr4-00127-00029652-00029843 you know what I mean yeah yeah because
2z9QuisvDr4-00128-00029844-00030052 we're all human and and we're going to
2z9QuisvDr4-00129-00030054-00030262 find other people people other than our
2z9QuisvDr4-00130-00030263-00030496 spouse attractive but I do think what
2z9QuisvDr4-00131-00030497-00030670 you said is true it's what you do with
2z9QuisvDr4-00132-00030672-00030827 the attraction that matters the Bible
2z9QuisvDr4-00133-00030827-00030977 says stay away from the very appearance
2z9QuisvDr4-00134-00030977-00031187 of evil so you know don't put yourself
2z9QuisvDr4-00135-00031188-00031481 in compromising situations and think you
2z9QuisvDr4-00136-00031482-00031661 won't be led down the path that that you
2z9QuisvDr4-00137-00031662-00031835 know won't get you in trouble if you
2z9QuisvDr4-00138-00031836-00032014 find yourself even for example talking
2z9QuisvDr4-00139-00032016-00032218 more to a person who's not your spouse
2z9QuisvDr4-00140-00032219-00032381 about your feelings and your problems
2z9QuisvDr4-00141-00032382-00032620 than your spouse or you're telling that
2z9QuisvDr4-00142-00032622-00032824 person Secrets you're you know keeping
2z9QuisvDr4-00143-00032825-00032987 from your spouse you need to check that
2z9QuisvDr4-00144-00032988-00033215 because that is how emotional Affairs
2z9QuisvDr4-00145-00033216-00033407 begin so we have to you know take
2z9QuisvDr4-00146-00033408-00033683 responsibility and modify and you know
2z9QuisvDr4-00147-00033684-00033923 monitor our own behavior
2z9QuisvDr4-00148-00033924-00034181 right and the other side of that is if
2z9QuisvDr4-00149-00034182-00034427 you find that while you're at work your
2z9QuisvDr4-00150-00034428-00034690 co-worker is bringing you breakfast
2z9QuisvDr4-00151-00034691-00034961 Bagels every morning and and all that
2z9QuisvDr4-00152-00034962-00035123 kind of stuff every day but not giving
2z9QuisvDr4-00153-00035124-00035362 them to everybody else just to you that
2z9QuisvDr4-00154-00035363-00035524 might be a sign if there might be a
2z9QuisvDr4-00155-00035525-00035759 problem you know what I mean yeah good
2z9QuisvDr4-00156-00035760-00035951 point don't entertain someone's advances
2z9QuisvDr4-00157-00035952-00036221 or flirting if you're married all the
2z9QuisvDr4-00158-00036222-00036412 time yeah right a wise woman once told
2z9QuisvDr4-00159-00036413-00036611 me to act like you're married if you're
2z9QuisvDr4-00160-00036612-00036785 married you know people shouldn't be
2z9QuisvDr4-00161-00036786-00036989 shocked to find out you're married you
2z9QuisvDr4-00162-00036990-00037145 know you don't want to give Vibes of the
2z9QuisvDr4-00163-00037146-00037324 impression that you're available in your
2z9QuisvDr4-00164-00037325-00037481 speech in your dress or in your
2z9QuisvDr4-00165-00037482-00037715 mannerisms you know don't do things like
2z9QuisvDr4-00166-00037716-00037924 take your ring off or turn it around or
2z9QuisvDr4-00167-00037925-00038074 place it on the wrong finger when you're
2z9QuisvDr4-00168-00038075-00038267 out in certain places and like we were
2z9QuisvDr4-00169-00038268-00038452 saying before don't entertain people's
2z9QuisvDr4-00170-00038453-00038621 advances if they're flirting in your
2z9QuisvDr4-00171-00038622-00038843 Myriad that's inappropriate and you
2z9QuisvDr4-00172-00038844-00038999 should behave like it's inappropriate
2z9QuisvDr4-00173-00039000-00039143 you know the bottom line is you
2z9QuisvDr4-00174-00039144-00039280 shouldn't act like you're single if
2z9QuisvDr4-00175-00039281-00039449 you're married and you shouldn't act
2z9QuisvDr4-00176-00039450-00039599 like you know you're married if you're
2z9QuisvDr4-00177-00039600-00039796 single it's really that simple stay in
2z9QuisvDr4-00178-00039797-00040030 your lane make a decision don't be
2z9QuisvDr4-00179-00040031-00040265 double-minded because the scriptures or
2z9QuisvDr4-00180-00040266-00040457 a person as the scripture says who has
2z9QuisvDr4-00181-00040458-00040667 divided loyalty because that person
2z9QuisvDr4-00182-00040668-00040918 according to scripture is unstable in
2z9QuisvDr4-00183-00040919-00041093 all of his or her ways and should not
2z9QuisvDr4-00184-00041094-00041339 expect to receive anything from God so
2z9QuisvDr4-00185-00041340-00041518 you know having your cake and eating it
2z9QuisvDr4-00186-00041519-00041833 too is for birthday parties not marriage
2z9QuisvDr4-00187-00041834-00042071 I'll just say that that's a good one I
2z9QuisvDr4-00188-00042072-00042268 like that that's like okay and I know
2z9QuisvDr4-00189-00042269-00042467 this kind of stuff isn't popular but I'm
2z9QuisvDr4-00190-00042468-00042707 not here for popularity I'm here to help
2z9QuisvDr4-00191-00042708-00042959 marriages that's our intention and
2z9QuisvDr4-00192-00042960-00043067 that's our aim and that's what we're
2z9QuisvDr4-00193-00043068-00043330 here to do and and after 26 years of
2z9QuisvDr4-00194-00043331-00043529 marriage I think you and I can say that
2z9QuisvDr4-00195-00043530-00043733 that's that's truthful you have to stay
2z9QuisvDr4-00196-00043734-00043907 away from the appearance of evil you
2z9QuisvDr4-00197-00043908-00044152 know you have to act like you're married
2z9QuisvDr4-00198-00044153-00044308 um you know stay in your lane don't be
2z9QuisvDr4-00199-00044309-00044543 double-minded be committed make make a
2z9QuisvDr4-00200-00044544-00044735 decision that marriage is what you want
2z9QuisvDr4-00201-00044736-00044867 and marriage is what you're going to act
2z9QuisvDr4-00202-00044868-00045149 like I want to kind of walk through walk
2z9QuisvDr4-00203-00045150-00045317 people through before you get married so
2z9QuisvDr4-00204-00045318-00045551 let's talk about the dating process just
2z9QuisvDr4-00205-00045552-00045683 a little bit some things that maybe
2z9QuisvDr4-00206-00045684-00045893 people ought to know you know when
2z9QuisvDr4-00207-00045894-00046079 they're dating who may eventually want
2z9QuisvDr4-00208-00046080-00046258 to marry one day what are some things
2z9QuisvDr4-00209-00046259-00046499 that people who are on that side of the
2z9QuisvDr4-00210-00046500-00046799 coin should consider when I was dating I
2z9QuisvDr4-00211-00046800-00046990 followed the law of diminishing returns
2z9QuisvDr4-00212-00046991-00047177 so if I spend too much time on something
2z9QuisvDr4-00213-00047178-00047452 and I'm not getting enough profit either
2z9QuisvDr4-00214-00047453-00047746 out of time or value I need to switch
2z9QuisvDr4-00215-00047747-00047980 okay can't stay in a relationship or in
2z9QuisvDr4-00216-00047981-00048221 a situation where it's taking more time
2z9QuisvDr4-00217-00048222-00048467 out of me and I'm not getting a result
2z9QuisvDr4-00218-00048468-00048683 so while I was dating I have generated
2z9QuisvDr4-00219-00048684-00049073 in my mind for that ideal mate and as I
2z9QuisvDr4-00220-00049074-00049252 was dating I would cross things off the
2z9QuisvDr4-00221-00049253-00049445 list and add things to the list
2z9QuisvDr4-00222-00049446-00049708 and I'll make a decision based on if I
2z9QuisvDr4-00223-00049709-00049912 wanted to continue with this person and
2z9QuisvDr4-00224-00049913-00050135 so I can't I can't imagine being with
2z9QuisvDr4-00225-00050136-00050327 somebody longer than six months if it's
2z9QuisvDr4-00226-00050328-00050512 not going to work out at all there's no
2z9QuisvDr4-00227-00050513-00050735 reason to do it six months wow yeah
2z9QuisvDr4-00228-00050736-00050902 that's let's say you're 20 years old and
2z9QuisvDr4-00229-00050903-00051095 you spend two years with somebody you
2z9QuisvDr4-00230-00051096-00051263 spent ten percent of your life with
2z9QuisvDr4-00231-00051264-00051442 somebody and if you decide that you're
2z9QuisvDr4-00232-00051444-00051616 not going to be with them you walk away
2z9QuisvDr4-00233-00051617-00052019 and that's you know 20 of your life gone
2z9QuisvDr4-00234-00052020-00052444 yeah yeah I would add that you know you
2z9QuisvDr4-00235-00052445-00052594 should know what you want in a potential
2z9QuisvDr4-00236-00052595-00052732 mate even in the dating process
2z9QuisvDr4-00237-00052733-00052907 absolutely you don't want to be
2z9QuisvDr4-00238-00052908-00053075 unrealistic because nobody's that's your
2z9QuisvDr4-00239-00053076-00053225 vetting process I agree that's the
2z9QuisvDr4-00240-00053226-00053488 vetting process I agree so go in to
2z9QuisvDr4-00241-00053489-00053680 dating knowing what you're looking for
2z9QuisvDr4-00242-00053682-00053897 knowing what you want in a potential
2z9QuisvDr4-00243-00053898-00054047 mate don't be unrealistic because
2z9QuisvDr4-00244-00054048-00054275 nobody's perfect but you need to know
2z9QuisvDr4-00245-00054276-00054407 what the deal breakers are for you
2z9QuisvDr4-00246-00054408-00054665 things like your core values and make
2z9QuisvDr4-00247-00054666-00054929 sure they at least line up with that you
2z9QuisvDr4-00248-00054929-00055085 know you need to really in my opinion
2z9QuisvDr4-00249-00055086-00055313 date strategically with a focus don't
2z9QuisvDr4-00250-00055314-00055576 haphazardly or randomly date you don't
2z9QuisvDr4-00251-00055577-00055816 randomly pursue a career you figure out
2z9QuisvDr4-00252-00055817-00055961 what you want to do you go to the right
2z9QuisvDr4-00253-00055962-00056159 school you go get training to do what it
2z9QuisvDr4-00254-00056160-00056350 is you want to do you need to approach
2z9QuisvDr4-00255-00056351-00056566 dating in my opinion the same way I
2z9QuisvDr4-00256-00056567-00056741 would agree I mean like if you're
2z9QuisvDr4-00257-00056741-00056897 looking for a husband you don't go to
2z9QuisvDr4-00258-00056898-00057071 the nearest crack house looking for your
2z9QuisvDr4-00259-00057072-00057400 next husband all righty then okay and as
2z9QuisvDr4-00260-00057401-00057492 far as
2z9QuisvDr4-00261-00057494-00057761 as far as what you were saying moving on
2z9QuisvDr4-00262-00057762-00057959 with the cut off time like that six
2z9QuisvDr4-00263-00057960-00058109 month Mark I think think you said you
2z9QuisvDr4-00264-00058110-00058271 should really kind of determine where
2z9QuisvDr4-00265-00058272-00058487 this is going or not going you know
2z9QuisvDr4-00266-00058488-00058703 whatever that time frame is for you I
2z9QuisvDr4-00267-00058704-00058888 think it's important because I I want to
2z9QuisvDr4-00268-00058889-00059080 kind of speak about women for a minute
2z9QuisvDr4-00269-00059082-00059279 in that cut off time I'm going to call
2z9QuisvDr4-00270-00059279-00059476 it because women get their hearts
2z9QuisvDr4-00271-00059477-00059753 involved and and once they do it's hard
2z9QuisvDr4-00272-00059754-00059980 to leave or it's hard to think clearly
2z9QuisvDr4-00273-00059982-00060292 with your head so it really is best to
2z9QuisvDr4-00274-00060294-00060497 have a cut off time or to leave before
2z9QuisvDr4-00275-00060498-00060730 you know your heart gets involved in in
2z9QuisvDr4-00276-00060732-00061019 this situation especially if you're with
2z9QuisvDr4-00277-00061020-00061229 a person who's not right for you or is
2z9QuisvDr4-00278-00061229-00061444 not a good match for marriage I also
2z9QuisvDr4-00279-00061445-00061642 want to add that you know I think people
2z9QuisvDr4-00280-00061644-00061907 should live their lives while they're
2z9QuisvDr4-00281-00061908-00062116 single they need to enjoy that stage
2z9QuisvDr4-00282-00062117-00062350 don't spend your entire single Hood
2z9QuisvDr4-00283-00062351-00062591 looking for a mate looking for a spouse
2z9QuisvDr4-00284-00062591-00062830 or trying to get married because you'll
2z9QuisvDr4-00285-00062832-00063029 miss some of the advantages and the joys
2z9QuisvDr4-00286-00063029-00063365 of being single pursue your goals travel
2z9QuisvDr4-00287-00063366-00063665 enjoy that freedom live your life you
2z9QuisvDr4-00288-00063666-00063826 know there's a scripture that says when
2z9QuisvDr4-00289-00063827-00064097 the time is right I the Lord word will
2z9QuisvDr4-00290-00064098-00064313 make it happen you know when I met my
2z9QuisvDr4-00291-00064314-00064469 husband I was working and I was living
2z9QuisvDr4-00292-00064470-00064709 in another state I was doing my thing I
2z9QuisvDr4-00293-00064710-00064888 was paying my own bills as that song
2z9QuisvDr4-00294-00064889-00065141 says I was pursuing my career you know
2z9QuisvDr4-00295-00065141-00065326 our relationship was long distance for a
2z9QuisvDr4-00296-00065327-00065482 while before we both ended up in the
2z9QuisvDr4-00297-00065483-00065693 same city but when the time was right
2z9QuisvDr4-00298-00065694-00065903 our relationship transitioned to
2z9QuisvDr4-00299-00065904-00066161 marriage we did not force anything we
2z9QuisvDr4-00300-00066162-00066406 just let everything exactly we just let
2z9QuisvDr4-00301-00066407-00066665 everything happen naturally while we
2z9QuisvDr4-00302-00066666-00066947 both were living our lives and I think
2z9QuisvDr4-00303-00066948-00067132 that's important to say and believe it
2z9QuisvDr4-00304-00067133-00067259 or not we were friends and we were even
2z9QuisvDr4-00305-00067260-00067619 dating other people right right yeah I
2z9QuisvDr4-00306-00067620-00067769 mean I mean we're even dating other
2z9QuisvDr4-00307-00067770-00067919 people we weren't even exclusive for
2z9QuisvDr4-00308-00067920-00068123 quite a bit of that time as well we
2z9QuisvDr4-00309-00068124-00068315 didn't meet and stop our lives for each
2z9QuisvDr4-00310-00068316-00068531 other exactly yeah I think that's
2z9QuisvDr4-00311-00068532-00068675 important live your life and to the
2z9QuisvDr4-00312-00068676-00068831 ladies I would say you know the Bible
2z9QuisvDr4-00313-00068832-00069076 says he who finds a wife finds a a good
2z9QuisvDr4-00314-00069077-00069197 thing that doesn't mean sit on your
2z9QuisvDr4-00315-00069198-00069388 couch and wait for your your doorbell to
2z9QuisvDr4-00316-00069389-00069538 ring I'm we're not talking about that
2z9QuisvDr4-00317-00069539-00069719 but let him find you living your life
2z9QuisvDr4-00318-00069720-00069899 not waiting on a prince like in
2z9QuisvDr4-00319-00069900-00070079 Cinderella to save you that that is only
2z9QuisvDr4-00320-00070080-00070319 a movie you're not a damn so in distress
2z9QuisvDr4-00321-00070320-00070565 you're a whole person made by God with
2z9QuisvDr4-00322-00070566-00070787 the purpose to fulfill on Earth go about
2z9QuisvDr4-00323-00070788-00070961 living your life
2z9QuisvDr4-00324-00070962-00071326 I despise that saying you complete me I
2z9QuisvDr4-00325-00071327-00071549 think that two whole people
2z9QuisvDr4-00326-00071550-00071794 make a whole relationship together yeah
2z9QuisvDr4-00327-00071795-00072011 I think that's good yeah and then 50
2z9QuisvDr4-00328-00072012-00072256 crap oh my goodness try to flip a wall
2z9QuisvDr4-00329-00072257-00072467 yeah yeah well you leave so much work
2z9QuisvDr4-00330-00072468-00072725 undone when you're going to a marriage
2z9QuisvDr4-00331-00072726-00073006 with only 50 of yourself worked on you
2z9QuisvDr4-00332-00073007-00073156 need to work on yourself that's what I'm
2z9QuisvDr4-00333-00073157-00073349 saying in the single stage while you
2z9QuisvDr4-00334-00073350-00073511 know while you're dating and you're
2z9QuisvDr4-00335-00073512-00073667 vetting as you said you need to be
2z9QuisvDr4-00336-00073668-00073817 working on yourself you need to be
2z9QuisvDr4-00337-00073818-00073985 living your life you need to be finding
2z9QuisvDr4-00338-00073986-00074135 out where God puts you on Earth to do
2z9QuisvDr4-00339-00074136-00074321 and and heading in that direction so
2z9QuisvDr4-00340-00074322-00074482 when you meet that person that you do
2z9QuisvDr4-00341-00074483-00074699 want to join your life with you know
2z9QuisvDr4-00342-00074700-00074938 you're coming in as a whole person going
2z9QuisvDr4-00343-00074939-00075088 into the marriage you know when you do
2z9QuisvDr4-00344-00075089-00075263 meet that right person the thing I would
2z9QuisvDr4-00345-00075264-00075431 add is observe the person in different
2z9QuisvDr4-00346-00075432-00075623 seasons and settings of Life while
2z9QuisvDr4-00347-00075624-00075791 you're dating them you know maybe you've
2z9QuisvDr4-00348-00075792-00075965 never seen that person upset and don't
2z9QuisvDr4-00349-00075966-00076085 know how they handle you know
2z9QuisvDr4-00350-00076086-00076300 disagreements or arguments I would say
2z9QuisvDr4-00351-00076301-00076438 don't wait until you're married to find
2z9QuisvDr4-00352-00076439-00076655 that out you know maybe you're only you
2z9QuisvDr4-00353-00076656-00076823 only saw them on the Mountaintop you
2z9QuisvDr4-00354-00076824-00077009 know when things were going well or that
2z9QuisvDr4-00355-00077010-00077255 is all they showed you maybe but how do
2z9QuisvDr4-00356-00077256-00077417 they handle The Valleys of life because
2z9QuisvDr4-00357-00077418-00077675 they're coming for sure go ahead that's
2z9QuisvDr4-00358-00077676-00077867 what I meant by six months okay because
2z9QuisvDr4-00359-00077868-00078023 that's more than enough time to see
2z9QuisvDr4-00360-00078024-00078256 everybody in every aspect of their life
2z9QuisvDr4-00361-00078257-00078485 every season of it because you'll see
2z9QuisvDr4-00362-00078486-00078671 their UPS your Cedar Downs and if you
2z9QuisvDr4-00363-00078672-00078832 just seeing them on Saturday you're just
2z9QuisvDr4-00364-00078833-00078971 seeing them you know when when they're
2z9QuisvDr4-00365-00078972-00079169 planning and you're made up and you know
2z9QuisvDr4-00366-00079170-00079294 if you're just seeing them on that one
2z9QuisvDr4-00367-00079295-00079547 day that's not enough yeah yeah you get
2z9QuisvDr4-00368-00079548-00079750 you get a more complete picture I agree
2z9QuisvDr4-00369-00079751-00079985 get the big picture like you were saying
2z9QuisvDr4-00370-00079986-00080147 in terms of who that person is so you
2z9QuisvDr4-00371-00080148-00080291 can know what you might be getting into
2z9QuisvDr4-00372-00080292-00080615 and who that person really is not just
2z9QuisvDr4-00373-00080616-00080861 who they're pretending to be or you know
2z9QuisvDr4-00374-00080862-00081065 showing the the best of themselves to
2z9QuisvDr4-00375-00081066-00081311 you I I remember when we went on our I
2z9QuisvDr4-00376-00081312-00081497 went to your grandmother's house and yes
2z9QuisvDr4-00377-00081498-00081682 they had a rule that you had to spend
2z9QuisvDr4-00378-00081683-00081935 time with the family and then and then
2z9QuisvDr4-00379-00081936-00082199 go home and then come back if you get
2z9QuisvDr4-00380-00082200-00082397 the open door to come back to date me
2z9QuisvDr4-00381-00082398-00082625 and take me somewhere alone
2z9QuisvDr4-00382-00082626-00082835 yeah a multitude of counselors near
2z9QuisvDr4-00383-00082836-00083087 safety absolutely absolutely so you we
2z9QuisvDr4-00384-00083088-00083200 talked about the dating process things
2z9QuisvDr4-00385-00083201-00083350 you need to look for you know when
2z9QuisvDr4-00386-00083351-00083512 you're dating and now let's say they
2z9QuisvDr4-00387-00083513-00083687 have moved on to the to the point where
2z9QuisvDr4-00388-00083688-00083825 they feel they've met the right person
2z9QuisvDr4-00389-00083826-00084005 and they want to get engaged you know I
2z9QuisvDr4-00390-00084006-00084125 want to talk a little bit about that
2z9QuisvDr4-00391-00084126-00084353 because I do think that everyone should
2z9QuisvDr4-00392-00084354-00084611 have some form of premarital counseling
2z9QuisvDr4-00393-00084612-00084803 where you you know talk about how you
2z9QuisvDr4-00394-00084804-00084994 feel about things like money do you want
2z9QuisvDr4-00395-00084995-00085229 kids how do you plan to raise those kids
2z9QuisvDr4-00396-00085230-00085456 and other important topics you don't
2z9QuisvDr4-00397-00085457-00085643 want to find out about if you can help
2z9QuisvDr4-00398-00085644-00085888 it of course after you're married
2z9QuisvDr4-00399-00085889-00086219 well you see okay we need to talk about
2z9QuisvDr4-00400-00086220-00086429 that then that's the purpose of the
2z9QuisvDr4-00401-00086430-00086585 dating those questions should come up
2z9QuisvDr4-00402-00086586-00086782 during the dating process if you're just
2z9QuisvDr4-00403-00086783-00086944 going out to the movies and not talking
2z9QuisvDr4-00404-00086945-00087173 afterwards that's the whole problem yeah
2z9QuisvDr4-00405-00087174-00087365 I agree I agree but but the beauty I
2z9QuisvDr4-00406-00087366-00087497 think of premarital counseling is you
2z9QuisvDr4-00407-00087498-00087719 have a third party sort of a another
2z9QuisvDr4-00408-00087720-00087923 person can help you sort of sort through
2z9QuisvDr4-00409-00087924-00088079 that and and figure that out but I do
2z9QuisvDr4-00410-00088080-00088300 agree hopefully you found that out by
2z9QuisvDr4-00411-00088301-00088493 that point but if you haven't you need
2z9QuisvDr4-00412-00088494-00088673 to go to premarital counseling you need
2z9QuisvDr4-00413-00088674-00088811 to deal with your childhood trauma or
2z9QuisvDr4-00414-00088812-00088961 issues because everybody brings some
2z9QuisvDr4-00415-00088962-00089206 baggage with them into the the marriage
2z9QuisvDr4-00416-00089207-00089465 so you should try to unpack as much of
2z9QuisvDr4-00417-00089466-00089656 that baggage as you can so that you
2z9QuisvDr4-00418-00089657-00089788 don't weigh your spouse down or
2z9QuisvDr4-00419-00089789-00089993 overshadow your marriage with your
2z9QuisvDr4-00420-00089994-00090173 luggage if you will go to counseling if
2z9QuisvDr4-00421-00090174-00090394 necessary but that's part of that going
2z9QuisvDr4-00422-00090395-00090605 in whole right we want to check
2z9QuisvDr4-00423-00090606-00090815 ourselves and deal with our stuff so we
2z9QuisvDr4-00424-00090816-00091025 don't weigh down the marriage too much I
2z9QuisvDr4-00425-00091026-00091217 would say don't marry a project or
2z9QuisvDr4-00426-00091218-00091475 potential yes to a certain extent we all
2z9QuisvDr4-00427-00091476-00091691 have unrealized potential but some of
2z9QuisvDr4-00428-00091692-00091829 that should be realized before you get
2z9QuisvDr4-00429-00091830-00092032 married do not Mary a promise I promise
2z9QuisvDr4-00430-00092033-00092218 to change when we marry I promise to do
2z9QuisvDr4-00431-00092219-00092375 better when I promise to start that
2z9QuisvDr4-00432-00092376-00092561 business win no no what are you doing
2z9QuisvDr4-00433-00092562-00092771 now what steps are you taking now to
2z9QuisvDr4-00434-00092772-00092950 make that dream that Vision or that plan
2z9QuisvDr4-00435-00092951-00093185 happen because faith without works is
2z9QuisvDr4-00436-00093186-00093418 dead right George yeah I have a quote
2z9QuisvDr4-00437-00093419-00093611 what you are to become you are now
2z9QuisvDr4-00438-00093612-00093905 becoming say that again what you are to
2z9QuisvDr4-00439-00093906-00094168 become you are now becoming okay so if
2z9QuisvDr4-00440-00094169-00094487 you say that you want to be a lawyer is
2z9QuisvDr4-00441-00094488-00094762 there evidence right now that you are
2z9QuisvDr4-00442-00094763-00094906 going to become a lawyer if there's a
2z9QuisvDr4-00443-00094907-00095099 crime to be a lawyer if there's enough
2z9QuisvDr4-00444-00095100-00095368 evidence to convict you of that
2z9QuisvDr4-00445-00095369-00095644 yeah that's good that's good and I would
2z9QuisvDr4-00446-00095645-00095806 say words need to match actions you know
2z9QuisvDr4-00447-00095807-00095903 a lot of these things we're talking
2z9QuisvDr4-00448-00095904-00096065 about really can you can put engagement
2z9QuisvDr4-00449-00096066-00096215 and dating kind of together if you want
2z9QuisvDr4-00450-00096216-00096365 or you just put it in dating like you
2z9QuisvDr4-00451-00096366-00096562 said but words need to match actions if
2z9QuisvDr4-00452-00096563-00096725 they don't match always go with what the
2z9QuisvDr4-00453-00096726-00096899 actions are telling you especially when
2z9QuisvDr4-00454-00096900-00097121 it comes to marrying or considering
2z9QuisvDr4-00455-00097122-00097379 marrying someone go with those actions
2z9QuisvDr4-00456-00097380-00097606 that's where the truth is vice counsel
2z9QuisvDr4-00457-00097607-00097762 you know you talked about that George we
2z9QuisvDr4-00458-00097763-00097955 live in a culture in America at least
2z9QuisvDr4-00459-00097956-00098117 where wisdom is really not sought after
2z9QuisvDr4-00460-00098118-00098315 much and listening to Elders has become
2z9QuisvDr4-00461-00098316-00098476 a thing of the past we don't think they
2z9QuisvDr4-00462-00098477-00098711 have anything to offer us and we think
2z9QuisvDr4-00463-00098712-00098818 they don't know what they're talking
2z9QuisvDr4-00464-00098819-00099065 about and they don't understand us but
2z9QuisvDr4-00465-00099066-00099329 the scripture says that without good
2z9QuisvDr4-00466-00099330-00099605 direction people lose their way the more
2z9QuisvDr4-00467-00099606-00099815 wise counsel you follow the scripture
2z9QuisvDr4-00468-00099816-00100067 says the better your chances so there
2z9QuisvDr4-00469-00100068-00100241 you have it you need to seek out wise
2z9QuisvDr4-00470-00100242-00100456 people you need to seek out Elders for
2z9QuisvDr4-00471-00100457-00100649 their thoughts on the person you want to
2z9QuisvDr4-00472-00100650-00100823 marry and listen to what they have to
2z9QuisvDr4-00473-00100824-00101044 say I even contacted some of my friends
2z9QuisvDr4-00474-00101045-00101218 that knew you that went to your high
2z9QuisvDr4-00475-00101219-00101405 school and checked all your checked on
2z9QuisvDr4-00476-00101406-00101632 you and I found out you know that she
2z9QuisvDr4-00477-00101633-00101831 that that you know she was a good girl
2z9QuisvDr4-00478-00101832-00102017 and you know she was nice and she was
2z9QuisvDr4-00479-00102018-00102232 intelligent smart all that stuff and
2z9QuisvDr4-00480-00102233-00102430 that was the consensus when I when I
2z9QuisvDr4-00481-00102431-00102671 asked my friends about you and then yeah
2z9QuisvDr4-00482-00102672-00102934 when I after I met your grandmother she
2z9QuisvDr4-00483-00102935-00103097 started talking to me about your pastor
2z9QuisvDr4-00484-00103098-00103373 and I said I know you're a pastor yeah
2z9QuisvDr4-00485-00103374-00103625 yeah and you know that was great I think
2z9QuisvDr4-00486-00103626-00103732 that's good and that's part of that
2z9QuisvDr4-00487-00103733-00103858 whole getting to know the big picture
2z9QuisvDr4-00488-00103859-00104003 the whole person seeing them in
2z9QuisvDr4-00489-00104004-00104230 different seasons finding out their past
2z9QuisvDr4-00490-00104231-00104423 you know you might meet people from
2z9QuisvDr4-00491-00104424-00104621 their past past present and you know you
2z9QuisvDr4-00492-00104622-00104771 can get an idea what the future might be
2z9QuisvDr4-00493-00104772-00104939 like I got another one for you go ahead
2z9QuisvDr4-00494-00104940-00105131 so now when you're talking about let's
2z9QuisvDr4-00495-00105132-00105299 talk about the good the bad and ugly
2z9QuisvDr4-00496-00105300-00105569 okay one of my great questions was let's
2z9QuisvDr4-00497-00105570-00105713 talk about any of your past
2z9QuisvDr4-00498-00105714-00105910 relationships so what happened what what
2z9QuisvDr4-00499-00105911-00106066 did it end what happened
2z9QuisvDr4-00500-00106067-00106271 you're saying those questions should be
2z9QuisvDr4-00501-00106272-00106516 should be uh yeah to the person you're
2z9QuisvDr4-00502-00106517-00106678 you're considering right right exactly
2z9QuisvDr4-00503-00106679-00106966 what happened sure and and if the person
2z9QuisvDr4-00504-00106967-00107201 is contrite and and says you know
2z9QuisvDr4-00505-00107202-00107416 there's something wrong on all of our
2z9QuisvDr4-00506-00107417-00107747 sides that's a mature response but if
2z9QuisvDr4-00507-00107748-00107890 they're blaming other person for
2z9QuisvDr4-00508-00107891-00108149 everything and you have no culpability
2z9QuisvDr4-00509-00108150-00108323 this that and the other that's a good
2z9QuisvDr4-00510-00108324-00108551 point it's probably that's a red flag
2z9QuisvDr4-00511-00108552-00108869 seriously good point it may be cliche to
2z9QuisvDr4-00512-00108870-00109043 say but I believe marriage works if you
2z9QuisvDr4-00513-00109044-00109186 work it it's like a muscle absolutely
2z9QuisvDr4-00514-00109188-00109415 right it'll go into atrophy State I
2z9QuisvDr4-00515-00109416-00109595 think if you don't use it you have to
2z9QuisvDr4-00516-00109596-00109816 work at your marriage just like you work
2z9QuisvDr4-00517-00109817-00110063 at your career or anything else in your
2z9QuisvDr4-00518-00110064-00110363 life you want to have success in but it
2z9QuisvDr4-00519-00110364-00110519 does take two committed people right
2z9QuisvDr4-00520-00110520-00110765 George yes you have to you have to take
2z9QuisvDr4-00521-00110766-00110986 time out you have to plan time if
2z9QuisvDr4-00522-00110988-00111083 necessary
2z9QuisvDr4-00523-00111083-00111304 you need to do you need to make sure
2z9QuisvDr4-00524-00111305-00111557 that you make it a priority I agree and
2z9QuisvDr4-00525-00111558-00111736 you and I really made a decision that
2z9QuisvDr4-00526-00111738-00112025 you know divorce wasn't an option so you
2z9QuisvDr4-00527-00112026-00112186 know every argument that we have we
2z9QuisvDr4-00528-00112188-00112402 don't have many but they don't feel like
2z9QuisvDr4-00529-00112403-00112583 they're going to end in divorce because
2z9QuisvDr4-00530-00112583-00112852 our foundational premise is divorce is
2z9QuisvDr4-00531-00112853-00113057 not an option you know we may have we
2z9QuisvDr4-00532-00113058-00113236 may have to go somewhere and cool off or
2z9QuisvDr4-00533-00113238-00113440 figure out a compromise pray for an
2z9QuisvDr4-00534-00113441-00113633 answer to the problems but we're not
2z9QuisvDr4-00535-00113633-00113860 arguing you know what we're arguing I
2z9QuisvDr4-00536-00113861-00113993 should say from the point of view that
2z9QuisvDr4-00537-00113994-00114173 this is not going to end in divorce and
2z9QuisvDr4-00538-00114174-00114377 I think that that that makes a big
2z9QuisvDr4-00539-00114378-00114497 difference
2z9QuisvDr4-00540-00114498-00114754 and keeping the marriage intact well but
2z9QuisvDr4-00541-00114755-00114977 in addition to that it's a there's a
2z9QuisvDr4-00542-00114978-00115204 mutual respect and admiration even when
2z9QuisvDr4-00543-00115205-00115475 we argue with each other I have to say I
2z9QuisvDr4-00544-00115476-00115636 still love and respect you even if we
2z9QuisvDr4-00545-00115638-00115919 argue it yeah yeah and you mentioned to
2z9QuisvDr4-00546-00115920-00116183 George Lear about outside interference I
2z9QuisvDr4-00547-00116183-00116321 do think you need to keep your marriage
2z9QuisvDr4-00548-00116322-00116483 between the two married people Bible
2z9QuisvDr4-00549-00116483-00116686 even says when marriage happens a man is
2z9QuisvDr4-00550-00116688-00116866 leaving his mother and father and and
2z9QuisvDr4-00551-00116867-00117160 uniting with his wife so you keep people
2z9QuisvDr4-00552-00117161-00117323 out of your marriage be very careful who
2z9QuisvDr4-00553-00117324-00117508 you open up to and especially when
2z9QuisvDr4-00554-00117509-00117725 problems occur and who you receive
2z9QuisvDr4-00555-00117726-00117977 advice from outside interference is a
2z9QuisvDr4-00556-00117978-00118157 real problem because think about you
2z9QuisvDr4-00557-00118158-00118295 know I don't know any other way to
2z9QuisvDr4-00558-00118296-00118421 describe it but you know like when you
2z9QuisvDr4-00559-00118422-00118583 listen to the radio and your radio might
2z9QuisvDr4-00560-00118583-00118769 receive outside interference you can't
2z9QuisvDr4-00561-00118770-00118901 hear what you're listening to anymore
2z9QuisvDr4-00562-00118902-00119207 right so if you allow outside voices in
2z9QuisvDr4-00563-00119208-00119357 the same thing can happen you won't be
2z9QuisvDr4-00564-00119358-00119531 able to hear your spouse this voice
2z9QuisvDr4-00565-00119532-00119723 anymore so you want to be real careful
2z9QuisvDr4-00566-00119724-00119939 about outside interference in your
2z9QuisvDr4-00567-00119940-00120125 marriage and if you talk about the
2z9QuisvDr4-00568-00120126-00120407 quality of that interference okay let's
2z9QuisvDr4-00569-00120408-00120607 say the person that's giving you advice
2z9QuisvDr4-00570-00120608-00120910 has a bad track record with their
2z9QuisvDr4-00571-00120911-00121163 relationships do you listen to that
2z9QuisvDr4-00572-00121164-00121247 advice
2z9QuisvDr4-00573-00121248-00121481 I don't think that's wisdom I would say
2z9QuisvDr4-00574-00121482-00121613 that that would be the with that would
2z9QuisvDr4-00575-00121614-00121810 be the advice of what not to do more
2z9QuisvDr4-00576-00121811-00122002 than what to do correct
2z9QuisvDr4-00577-00122003-00122165 but if they're telling you what you do
2z9QuisvDr4-00578-00122166-00122310 they're not the person to listen to
2z9QuisvDr4-00579-00122311-00122669 exactly yeah yeah you know marriage is a
2z9QuisvDr4-00580-00122670-00122849 daily decision to choose to stay
2z9QuisvDr4-00581-00122850-00123023 committed to your vows to your partner
2z9QuisvDr4-00582-00123024-00123233 and to your marriage it really is not
2z9QuisvDr4-00583-00123233-00123490 what we think it is that one time I do
2z9QuisvDr4-00584-00123491-00123701 make a decision to get married one time
2z9QuisvDr4-00585-00123702-00123952 but you make a decision to stay Merry
2z9QuisvDr4-00586-00123953-00124204 and stay committed to those vows that
2z9QuisvDr4-00587-00124205-00124378 you made that one time every single day
2z9QuisvDr4-00588-00124379-00124684 if that makes any sense yeah through the
2z9QuisvDr4-00589-00124685-00124865 good and the bad through the trauma
2z9QuisvDr4-00590-00124866-00125099 through tragedy through pain through
2z9QuisvDr4-00591-00125100-00125225 heartache
2z9QuisvDr4-00592-00125226-00125507 through suffering through Joy yeah
2z9QuisvDr4-00593-00125508-00125716 through all of it yeah people have taken
2z9QuisvDr4-00594-00125717-00125878 away a lot of those vows they don't want
2z9QuisvDr4-00595-00125879-00126089 to say the vowels that you and I said
2z9QuisvDr4-00596-00126090-00126263 you know what is it through sickness and
2z9QuisvDr4-00597-00126264-00126490 health richer or for poorer Better or
2z9QuisvDr4-00598-00126491-00126652 For Worse right A lot of people don't
2z9QuisvDr4-00599-00126653-00126833 want to recite that anymore because
2z9QuisvDr4-00600-00126833-00127090 people don't seem to want to sign up for
2z9QuisvDr4-00601-00127091-00127384 that but that is what the marriage
2z9QuisvDr4-00602-00127385-00127601 partnership is and that's the problem
2z9QuisvDr4-00603-00127602-00127757 see now you're getting to the point of
2z9QuisvDr4-00604-00127758-00127960 it the problem is they're walking away
2z9QuisvDr4-00605-00127961-00128128 from the tenants that were already set
2z9QuisvDr4-00606-00128129-00128386 well people want I believe I think a lot
2z9QuisvDr4-00607-00128388-00128639 of people want what's easy and if it
2z9QuisvDr4-00608-00128640-00128807 sounds like it's not easy I'm not really
2z9QuisvDr4-00609-00128808-00128975 signing up for that or if it doesn't
2z9QuisvDr4-00610-00128976-00129208 work for me and if it sounds like it's
2z9QuisvDr4-00611-00129209-00129473 not working for me I'm not sure that I'm
2z9QuisvDr4-00612-00129474-00129821 I'm signing on the dotted line
2z9QuisvDr4-00613-00129822-00130036 yeah you got to be good for me and only
2z9QuisvDr4-00614-00130038-00130289 me yeah so you have to be willing to uh
2z9QuisvDr4-00615-00130290-00130486 grow with the other person and give them
2z9QuisvDr4-00616-00130488-00130690 space to grow you know you and I are not
2z9QuisvDr4-00617-00130691-00130871 the same people we were when we first
2z9QuisvDr4-00618-00130872-00131057 started out some of our interests have
2z9QuisvDr4-00619-00131058-00131261 changed our looks have changed as we as
2z9QuisvDr4-00620-00131262-00131519 we've gotten older and and so on but you
2z9QuisvDr4-00621-00131520-00131711 have to make adjustments along the way
2z9QuisvDr4-00622-00131712-00131866 to accommodate each other you may have
2z9QuisvDr4-00623-00131867-00132004 to check in every once in a while okay
2z9QuisvDr4-00624-00132005-00132233 what do you need now I know what you
2z9QuisvDr4-00625-00132234-00132431 needed then but have those needs change
2z9QuisvDr4-00626-00132432-00132671 and how can I how can I accommodate that
2z9QuisvDr4-00627-00132672-00133007 and so you have to allow that room for
2z9QuisvDr4-00628-00133008-00133204 growth and and your partner has to do
2z9QuisvDr4-00629-00133205-00133366 the same for you don't you do you agree
2z9QuisvDr4-00630-00133367-00133666 with that absolutely and it's all about
2z9QuisvDr4-00631-00133667-00133859 the question is
2z9QuisvDr4-00632-00133860-00134069 and it should not it all goes back to
2z9QuisvDr4-00633-00134070-00134273 when you were dating what do you
2z9QuisvDr4-00634-00134274-00134489 bringing to the table
2z9QuisvDr4-00635-00134490-00134651 and make sure that you're not going
2z9QuisvDr4-00636-00134652-00134890 you're not the person's bringing good
2z9QuisvDr4-00637-00134891-00135059 looks and Beauty to the table that's it
2z9QuisvDr4-00638-00135060-00135221 that's fine
2z9QuisvDr4-00639-00135222-00135383 but make sure that those things that
2z9QuisvDr4-00640-00135384-00135514 you're making you're judging your
2z9QuisvDr4-00641-00135515-00135713 lifelong relationship
2z9QuisvDr4-00642-00135714-00135928 is more than something that's um well
2z9QuisvDr4-00643-00135929-00136085 that check that might or may or may not
2z9QuisvDr4-00644-00136086-00136307 change exactly I was going to say looks
2z9QuisvDr4-00645-00136308-00136552 can change and they will as you get
2z9QuisvDr4-00646-00136553-00136799 older and in some ways some form some
2z9QuisvDr4-00647-00136800-00136973 shape they'll change marriage is not all
2z9QuisvDr4-00648-00136974-00137195 about you you can't be selfish you know
2z9QuisvDr4-00649-00137196-00137411 in marriage selfish and marriage don't
2z9QuisvDr4-00650-00137412-00137614 go together you have to support and
2z9QuisvDr4-00651-00137615-00137813 serve your spouse if both people are
2z9QuisvDr4-00652-00137814-00138016 serving each other then everybody's
2z9QuisvDr4-00653-00138017-00138197 needs will be everybody's needs are made
2z9QuisvDr4-00654-00138198-00138383 right but if I'm just thinking about me
2z9QuisvDr4-00655-00138384-00138593 and never thinking about you
2z9QuisvDr4-00656-00138594-00138814 that's not going to work that's the
2z9QuisvDr4-00657-00138815-00139037 whole problem yeah whole entire problem
2z9QuisvDr4-00658-00139038-00139277 I just want to say in conclusion to
2z9QuisvDr4-00659-00139278-00139487 those listening that you are one
2z9QuisvDr4-00660-00139488-00139702 decision away from the life you want
2z9QuisvDr4-00661-00139703-00139937 whether marriage is in the cards for you
2z9QuisvDr4-00662-00139938-00140147 or not you know you need to decide what
2z9QuisvDr4-00663-00140148-00140393 you want commit to that decision and do
2z9QuisvDr4-00664-00140394-00140657 the work every single day marriage
2z9QuisvDr4-00665-00140658-00140878 requires you know everyday maintenance
2z9QuisvDr4-00666-00140879-00141101 and everyday commitment just like
2z9QuisvDr4-00667-00141102-00141389 anything else but the good news is my
2z9QuisvDr4-00668-00141390-00141581 husband and I are here to tell you that
2z9QuisvDr4-00669-00141582-00141947 26 years and three kids later marriage
2z9QuisvDr4-00670-00141948-00142225 is worth the investment right George
2z9QuisvDr4-00671-00142226-00142469 absolutely yes okay so our answer to the
2z9QuisvDr4-00672-00142470-00142739 question is yes it is worth the
2z9QuisvDr4-00673-00142740-00142925 investment and here's the thing you
2z9QuisvDr4-00674-00142926-00143104 don't have to suffer through it for it
2z9QuisvDr4-00675-00143105-00143207 to work
2z9QuisvDr4-00676-00143208-00143393 the principles we talked about today
2z9QuisvDr4-00677-00143394-00143704 will work if you follow them anything
2z9QuisvDr4-00678-00143705-00143911 authored by God
2z9QuisvDr4-00679-00143912-00144221 will sustain so the Bible says commit
2z9QuisvDr4-00680-00144222-00144377 your work to the Lord and your plans
2z9QuisvDr4-00681-00144378-00144557 will succeed so whatever we give
2z9QuisvDr4-00682-00144558-00144785 whatever we surrender to God he'll take
2z9QuisvDr4-00683-00144786-00144952 care of just like he takes care of you
2z9QuisvDr4-00684-00144953-00145151 every day you know he'll take care of
2z9QuisvDr4-00685-00145152-00145349 your marriage if you allow him to and
2z9QuisvDr4-00686-00145350-00145601 with God's help your daily decision and
2z9QuisvDr4-00687-00145602-00145816 your Daily Commitment to do the work you
2z9QuisvDr4-00688-00145817-00146039 can have a happy life and a happy
2z9QuisvDr4-00689-00146040-00146327 marriage no marriage is not easy but
2z9QuisvDr4-00690-00146328-00146561 with the right person it's definitely
2z9QuisvDr4-00691-00146562-00146704 worth it
2z9QuisvDr4-00692-00146705-00146885 this was fun George having you on the
2z9QuisvDr4-00693-00146886-00147040 other side of the microphone thank you
2z9QuisvDr4-00694-00147041-00147239 for doing this episode with me
2z9QuisvDr4-00695-00147240-00147478 not a problem baby and thank you to the
2z9QuisvDr4-00696-00147479-00147695 listeners as well for joining us bye for
2z9QuisvDr4-00697-00147696-00147914 now
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00000-00000000-00000275 record
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00001-00000276-00000515 perfect thank you so much for showing up
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00002-00000516-00000743 for the Zeke Community call in December
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00003-00000744-00000904 and
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00004-00000905-00001115 um I am excited because we have a few
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00005-00001116-00001373 updates on the Zeke side and before this
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00006-00001374-00001618 is like the last call of the year so
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00007-00001619-00001864 that's kind of like marked the end of uh
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00008-00001866-00002242 successful 2022. so without further Ado
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00009-00002243-00002500 let me jump and quickly ask Johanna if
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00010-00002501-00002699 she would like to share the updates on
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00011-00002700-00002891 the Zeke LT side
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00012-00002892-00003208 ah sure actually I think since the last
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00013-00003209-00003443 call they have not been any major
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00014-00003444-00003659 activities because we fell into a little
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00015-00003660-00003856 bit of a lull after
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00016-00003857-00004211 um CP but I want to always call out that
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00017-00004212-00004481 we make the meeting notes of the seek LT
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00018-00004482-00004697 public if you are interested in what the
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00019-00004698-00005051 seek LT does go on through the um onto
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00020-00005052-00005195 the
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00021-00005196-00005411 our website click on secret and there
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00022-00005412-00005549 will be a link to the meeting notes
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00023-00005550-00005795 which leads you into the uh into the
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00024-00005796-00006011 wiki but apart from that I think there
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00025-00006012-00006215 have been no major activities that
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00026-00006216-00006598 really have to be correlated
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00027-00006600-00006875 cool all right well thanks Johanna are
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00028-00006876-00007348 there any questions for Johanna
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00029-00007350-00007613 alrighty so let's hop off to Christian
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00030-00007614-00007805 Christian would you like to share the
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00031-00007806-00008070 Zeke technical updates or
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00032-00008072-00008459 updates sure thing thank you Fatima so I
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00033-00008460-00008603 was thinking uh what actually happened
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00034-00008604-00008873 since the last one I I uh I had to sort
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00035-00008874-00009083 of dig into the calendar so there's a
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00036-00009084-00009281 bit of news a whole bunch actually so we
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00037-00009282-00009424 have at least I think three releases
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00038-00009425-00009653 that have come out since last time
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00039-00009654-00010031 um so the biggest two flag are uh 5.1
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00040-00010032-00010163 went out
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00041-00010164-00010360 um and immediately it was followed by a
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00042-00010361-00010541 bug fix release right after so the
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00043-00010542-00010781 release is to point out that folks in
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00044-00010782-00010999 the community should be aware of are
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00045-00011000-00011335 4.0.9 if you're on the LCS train and
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00046-00011336-00011614 5.1.1 if you are sort of following our
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00047-00011615-00011819 latest lines of releases
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00048-00011820-00012023 um for the ladders or things to flag
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00049-00012024-00012383 that have emerged since 5.1 are
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00050-00012384-00012592 um the Telemetry framework for example
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00051-00012593-00012749 has landed
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00052-00012750-00012941 um a bunch of other stuff I don't think
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00053-00012941-00013085 there are sort of these sort of major
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00054-00013086-00013283 highlights in that but please dig into
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00055-00013284-00013499 the news file as always sort of for the
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00056-00013500-00013733 full change set to be aware of and for
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00057-00013734-00014225 both 5.1.1 and 4.0.9 things to flag are
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00058-00014226-00014477 that on the one hand you are seeing
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00059-00014478-00014657 fixes that we're finding through our
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00060-00014658-00014836 fuzzing efforts
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00061-00014837-00015077 um and there was a major
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00062-00015078-00015533 uh broker fix that well major that
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00063-00015534-00015766 affected particularly people who ran
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00064-00015768-00016013 highly distributed clusters in very high
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00065-00016013-00016205 traffic environments
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00066-00016206-00016408 um where you could under just the right
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00067-00016409-00016817 circumstances see the loggers lock up so
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00068-00016818-00016972 we think that's under control and has
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00069-00016973-00017129 now been fixed so if you're on either of
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00070-00017130-00017255 those trains you should definitely get
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00071-00017256-00017350 up
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00072-00017351-00017417 um
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00073-00017418-00017669 to those releases and for folks who are
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00074-00017670-00017771 still behind
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00075-00017772-00017908 um we occasionally see check-ins from
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00076-00017909-00018227 folks in the in the stack for example I
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00077-00018228-00018365 just like to encourage people to really
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00078-00018366-00018605 please update if you uh at all can
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00079-00018606-00018719 because
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00080-00018720-00018917 um if you're on on anything older than
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00081-00018918-00019043 that you're just really missing out at
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00082-00019044-00019186 this point
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00083-00019187-00019343 um other than that yeah we're trying to
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00084-00019344-00019529 crank down on our open issues it's sort
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00085-00019530-00019741 of the count has gotten a little high
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00086-00019742-00019967 when we approach the 100 marker we
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00087-00019968-00020099 usually get nervous because that just
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00088-00020100-00020261 means you know there's there's a lot to
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00089-00020262-00020411 do
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00090-00020412-00020572 um and I think that's that's looking
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00091-00020573-00020729 pretty good the trajectory is sort of
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00092-00020730-00020855 downward right now thanks to everybody
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00093-00020856-00021107 we have a new uh merge master in the
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00094-00021108-00021233 team aren't they I should I should
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00095-00021234-00021400 stress that of course that is a recent
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00096-00021401-00021527 development Arnold has been around for
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00097-00021528-00021694 at least half a year and I think the the
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00098-00021695-00021880 contributions speak for themselves so so
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00099-00021881-00022061 thank you for stepping up Arne and if
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00100-00022062-00022241 you look at the GitHub activity you will
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00101-00022242-00022433 you will not Overlook owner because he's
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00102-00022434-00022691 left and right right now so thank you
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00103-00022692-00023057 um and I think that's all I had
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00104-00023058-00023257 foreign
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00105-00023258-00023507 thanks Christian for sharing the
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00106-00023508-00023717 technical update site are there any
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00107-00023718-00024227 questions for Christian
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00108-00024228-00024533 all right so let's move on and I would
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00109-00024534-00024814 like to introduce I reintroduce Richard
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00110-00024815-00025222 as our new uh Communications lead like
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00111-00025223-00025427 he will be in charge of the media
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00112-00025428-00025667 Communications and whatnot so um
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00113-00025668-00025900 Christian uh not Christian sorry Richard
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00114-00025901-00026117 do you want to share anything on the
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00115-00026118-00026267 what's going on on the recent
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00116-00026268-00026512 communication sites of the zig project
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00117-00026513-00026879 sure so we are finishing our sixth round
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00118-00026880-00027149 of Zeek week videos this week we're
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00119-00027150-00027323 going out with a bang tomorrow starting
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00120-00027324-00027617 at 11 A.M eastern time we have the last
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00121-00027618-00027917 three lightning talks at 11 11 15 and 11
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00122-00027918-00028235 30 premieres on YouTube so I'd like to
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00123-00028236-00028379 thank everyone who's been tuning in to
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00124-00028380-00028583 those videos they've uh I think they've
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00125-00028583-00028751 been well received and the content was
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00126-00028752-00028895 just wonderful so thank you for all of
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00127-00028895-00029045 our speakers and people who organized
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00128-00029045-00029285 and all that so tune in tomorrow for the
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00129-00029286-00029561 last the last three videos
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00130-00029562-00029914 um uh there was a mention of the Zeke LT
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00131-00029916-00030208 notes uh that I put a link to that now
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00132-00030210-00030473 in the newsletter so if you want to
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00133-00030474-00030695 check out what's going on with like
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00134-00030695-00030935 everything we've got as far as how you
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00135-00030936-00031073 can interact with the Zeke project the
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00136-00031074-00031235 newsletter which gets posted to
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00137-00031236-00031355 discourse
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00138-00031356-00031552 um I I end that with links to everything
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00139-00031554-00031733 you might be interested in as well as
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00140-00031733-00032002 trying to include a tldr on what's going
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00141-00032004-00032212 on with the project as far as recent
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00142-00032213-00032483 releases other projects that use Zeke
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00143-00032483-00032723 that people uh are pretty popular with
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00144-00032724-00032993 people so feel free to check out the
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00145-00032994-00033449 newsletter as well
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00146-00033450-00033718 perfect thanks Richard
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00147-00033719-00034024 um yeah keep keep a track on our slide
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00148-00034025-00034318 we always keep slack posted so just in
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00149-00034319-00034601 case if you are wondering where to find
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00150-00034602-00034817 stuff and even if you are not able to
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00151-00034818-00035099 find stuff on in the right
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00152-00035100-00035279 um site just let us know and we should
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00153-00035280-00035423 be able to point you to the right
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00154-00035424-00035662 direction we all we all are like very
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00155-00035663-00035915 active on slack Zeke slack channel so if
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00156-00035916-00036101 you haven't joined already we would urge
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00157-00036102-00036305 you to join that because we WE Post all
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00158-00036306-00036527 the news documentation and other media
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00159-00036528-00036737 related stuff there as well so you can
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00160-00036738-00037193 keep posted on that communication media
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00161-00037194-00037445 as well so other than that are there any
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00162-00037446-00037655 questions for Richard on the
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00163-00037656-00037931 communication side the updates that he
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00164-00037932-00038255 discussed foreign
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00165-00038256-00038435 I should mention
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00166-00038436-00038639 um we are on Mastodon now
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00167-00038640-00038885 where we have an abandoned Twitter at
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00168-00038886-00039257 the moment anyway but we have I claimed
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00169-00039258-00039545 the just the Zeke we didn't have to do
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00170-00039546-00039815 security uh I was able to grab just Zeke
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00171-00039816-00040168 at infosec.exchange Mastodon server so
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00172-00040169-00040324 we're already getting people following
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00173-00040325-00040565 us there it's sort of the part the
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00174-00040566-00040751 partial Exodus of security people from
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00175-00040752-00041068 from Twitter over to uh Mastodon has has
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00176-00041069-00041357 benefited us over over there so feel
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00177-00041358-00041555 free to follow us right now the same
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00178-00041556-00041824 material is going to uh both accounts
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00179-00041825-00042073 but uh yeah check us out on
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00180-00042074-00042346 infosec.exchange at the Zeke the Z
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00181-00042347-00042724 candle
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00182-00042725-00043024 that's awesome thanks Richard
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00183-00043025-00043295 um other than that on the training
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00184-00043296-00043468 subgroup project site we haven't been
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00185-00043469-00043673 able to have any meeting after Zeek week
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00186-00043674-00044045 and um so hopefully next year we will
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00187-00044046-00044302 have some updates I have few uh ideas
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00188-00044303-00044537 for the next year how trainings would
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00189-00044538-00044830 look like and maybe we would be able to
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00190-00044831-00045052 have one training
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00191-00045053-00045251 um for the first half of the year we
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00192-00045252-00045352 very
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00193-00045353-00045533 um uh have a schedule of training for
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00194-00045534-00045677 the first step and then the second half
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00195-00045678-00045839 of the Year hopefully around Zeek week
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00196-00045840-00046073 and the training curriculum will be
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00197-00046074-00046217 different because we have just started
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00198-00046218-00046474 doing the seek cluster production
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00199-00046475-00046757 Network side of training around Zeke
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00200-00046758-00046990 week so uh stay tuned uh once I will
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00201-00046991-00047183 have more concrete updates on those
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00202-00047184-00047393 parts then I will be able to share that
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00203-00047394-00047645 hopefully by the beginning of next year
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00204-00047646-00047915 when we meet again in January
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00205-00047916-00048118 and meanwhile if you guys have any
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00206-00048119-00048430 questions about Zeke uh at all like even
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00207-00048431-00048574 the training subgroup or testing
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00208-00048575-00048952 subgroup feel free to um feel free to
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00209-00048953-00049217 get a like you know uh post a question
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00210-00049218-00049390 on slack and we should be more than we
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00211-00049391-00049546 would be more than happy to answer that
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00212-00049547-00049780 as well
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00213-00049781-00050068 so with that I think we are done with
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00214-00050069-00050255 the update side of the project is there
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00215-00050256-00050489 anything people would like to discuss or
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00216-00050490-00050705 ask question about in general
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00217-00050706-00051413 two week project
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00218-00051414-00051563 all right I guess I'll bring something
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00219-00051564-00051766 up um this has been sort of a little bit
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00220-00051767-00051916 of an internal discussion and also a
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00221-00051917-00052175 discussion on slack about where it is we
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00222-00052176-00052451 put our content and we're trying to I
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00223-00052452-00052673 think try to make more sense of what we
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00224-00052674-00052841 have and make it easier for people to
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00225-00052841-00053057 interact with it and find it and to that
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00226-00053058-00053380 end we're sort of uh concentrating I
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00227-00053382-00053644 think on discourse and slack and it
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00228-00053645-00053837 seems like discourse seems to be more
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00229-00053838-00054100 long-form interaction um Kelly called it
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00230-00054101-00054215 the bulletin board where you post
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00231-00054216-00054376 something and then other people respond
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00232-00054377-00054592 to it whereas slack is more like the
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00233-00054594-00054821 water cooler where people will meet and
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00234-00054822-00055054 hang out and talk to each other so that
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00235-00055055-00055199 that seems to be what we're doing right
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00236-00055200-00055469 now so for example if someone watches
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00237-00055470-00055642 one of our videos on YouTube and they
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00238-00055644-00055841 ask a question about something there I'm
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00239-00055841-00056038 going to direct them to either slack or
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00240-00056039-00056230 discourse same thing on Twitter if
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00241-00056232-00056350 someone tries to ask a question on
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00242-00056351-00056500 Twitter we're not going to try to answer
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00243-00056501-00056680 it there it's really not a great or
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00244-00056682-00056879 Mastermind for that account it's really
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00245-00056879-00057149 not the best interaction in those places
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00246-00057150-00057335 so we'll
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00247-00057336-00057532 um encourage people to use either slack
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00248-00057533-00057791 or discourse discourse especially I
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00249-00057791-00057982 think for certain especially technical
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00250-00057983-00058223 material because
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00251-00058224-00058469 our slack isn't necessarily being seen
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00252-00058470-00058811 by uh indexing and people who are trying
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00253-00058812-00058991 to find answers to questions won't
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00254-00058991-00059176 necessarily be able to find it as easily
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00255-00059177-00059476 as they would on on discourse so those
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00256-00059477-00059644 are the two places we are and if anyone
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00257-00059645-00059800 wants to comment on that or has any
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00258-00059801-00060238 feedback I'm definitely interested
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00259-00060239-00060449 that's a great Point
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00260-00060450-00060666 um thanks Richard for clarifying that
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00261-00060667-00061079 all right well are there anything is
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00262-00061079-00061259 there anything else people would like to
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00263-00061260-00061961 discuss or ask about in this call
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00264-00061962-00062182 all right well
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00265-00062183-00062537 um with that I think we will um have a
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00266-00062538-00062776 short call this time so I'll let you
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00267-00062777-00063023 guys have your rest of the
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00268-00063024-00063311 20 minutes left for this call and uh
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00269-00063312-00063509 we'll we'll post this call online on
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00270-00063510-00063737 YouTube after this call ends so alrighty
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00271-00063738-00063911 thank you so much again uh guys for
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00272-00063912-00064150 joining this call and all the set of
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00273-00064151-00064337 updates really appreciated and I'll see
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00274-00064338-00064541 you guys in January
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00275-00064541-00064769 in next call all right take care
2zyWMCxTA-Q-00276-00064770-00065138 everyone bye folks
2zYPeoQwZv4-00000-00000000-00000463 to your left is sound stage 42 42
2zYPeoQwZv4-00001-00000463-00000599 over the years this show building has
2zYPeoQwZv4-00002-00000600-00000711 been home to a couple of motion
2zYPeoQwZv4-00003-00000712-00000862 simulators that attempt to reach a young
2zYPeoQwZv4-00004-00000863-00000911 audience
2zYPeoQwZv4-00005-00000911-00001079 the current attempt is despicable me
2zYPeoQwZv4-00006-00001080-00001254 minion mayhem a charming slapstick
2zYPeoQwZv4-00007-00001255-00001407 adventure featuring hollywood's latest
2zYPeoQwZv4-00008-00001408-00001550 attempt to cash in on those beloved
2zYPeoQwZv4-00009-00001551-00001663 green squeaky things
2zYPeoQwZv4-00010-00001664-00001934 those beloved yellow squeaky things it
2zYPeoQwZv4-00011-00001935-00002055 is great to have a ride that finally
2zYPeoQwZv4-00012-00002056-00002223 fulfills our lifelong dream of a theme
2zYPeoQwZv4-00013-00002224-00002383 park attraction hosted by a daily show
2zYPeoQwZv4-00014-00002384-00002447 alumnus
2zYPeoQwZv4-00015-00002448-00002647 could the aussie monvigo round be far
2zYPeoQwZv4-00016-00002648-00002758 behind
2zYPeoQwZv4-00017-00002759-00002918 i will also give this ride credit for
2zYPeoQwZv4-00018-00002919-00003118 attempting to be heartwarming
2zYPeoQwZv4-00019-00003119-00003367 your mileage may vary as to its success
2zYPeoQwZv4-00020-00003368-00003551 but it's nice to see a ride attempting a
2zYPeoQwZv4-00021-00003552-00003719 third emotional reaction after
2zYPeoQwZv4-00022-00003720-00004006 terror and laughter and like all theme
2zYPeoQwZv4-00023-00004007-00004143 park attractions it ends with a gift
2zYPeoQwZv4-00024-00004144-00004375 shop but like all hip animated movies
2zYPeoQwZv4-00025-00004376-00006583 first there's a dance party
2zYPeoQwZv4-00026-00006584-00006792 you
2-a1gV08Xe8-00000-00000159-00000361 our house and clothes
2-a1gV08Xe8-00001-00000362-00000615 [Music]
2-a1gV08Xe8-00002-00000616-00000878 we all need a house to live in it
2-a1gV08Xe8-00003-00000880-00000975 protects us
2-a1gV08Xe8-00004-00000976-00001350 from heat cold wind
2-a1gV08Xe8-00005-00001351-00001743 rain and wild animals
2-a1gV08Xe8-00006-00001744-00002014 we keep our belongings safely in our
2-a1gV08Xe8-00007-00002016-00002095 house
2-a1gV08Xe8-00008-00002096-00002439 our house gives us comfort we all need a
2-a1gV08Xe8-00009-00002440-00002495 house
2-a1gV08Xe8-00010-00002496-00002831 because it is one of our basic needs
2-a1gV08Xe8-00011-00002832-00003191 types of houses we see different types
2-a1gV08Xe8-00012-00003192-00003279 of houses
2-a1gV08Xe8-00013-00003279-00003599 around us such as pakka houses
2-a1gV08Xe8-00014-00003600-00003919 kacha houses tents caravans
2-a1gV08Xe8-00015-00003920-00004295 etc gacha houses mostly
2-a1gV08Xe8-00016-00004296-00004599 villagers live in kacha houses they are
2-a1gV08Xe8-00017-00004600-00004686 made up of
2-a1gV08Xe8-00018-00004687-00005022 mud wood and straw they do not last for
2-a1gV08Xe8-00019-00005023-00005118 a long time
2-a1gV08Xe8-00020-00005119-00005431 as they are not very strong they cannot
2-a1gV08Xe8-00021-00005432-00005751 withstand heavy rain or a storm such
2-a1gV08Xe8-00022-00005752-00005799 type of
2-a1gV08Xe8-00023-00005800-00006151 houses are called huts kacha houses
2-a1gV08Xe8-00024-00006152-00006470 are also a type of temporary house
2-a1gV08Xe8-00025-00006472-00006846 pakka houses houses such as flats
2-a1gV08Xe8-00026-00006847-00007223 bungalows multi-storied buildings etc
2-a1gV08Xe8-00027-00007223-00007551 are types of pakka houses mostly
2-a1gV08Xe8-00028-00007552-00007910 we see such houses in towns and cities
2-a1gV08Xe8-00029-00007911-00008271 they are made up of bricks cement iron
2-a1gV08Xe8-00030-00008272-00008639 etc wood and glass are also used
2-a1gV08Xe8-00031-00008640-00008927 in these houses to make doors and
2-a1gV08Xe8-00032-00008928-00009046 windows
2-a1gV08Xe8-00033-00009047-00009327 these houses are known as permanent
2-a1gV08Xe8-00034-00009328-00009414 houses
2-a1gV08Xe8-00035-00009415-00009710 because they last for a long time these
2-a1gV08Xe8-00036-00009711-00009791 houses
2-a1gV08Xe8-00037-00009792-00010127 can withstand heat cold rain
2-a1gV08Xe8-00038-00010128-00010438 etc special houses
2-a1gV08Xe8-00039-00010439-00010759 tents some people live in tents which
2-a1gV08Xe8-00040-00010760-00010935 are temporary houses
2-a1gV08Xe8-00041-00010936-00011238 they are made of canvas cloth which is
2-a1gV08Xe8-00042-00011239-00011423 supported by a frame
2-a1gV08Xe8-00043-00011424-00011735 soldiers ncc cadets nomads
2-a1gV08Xe8-00044-00011736-00012063 etc use such tents to live in
2-a1gV08Xe8-00045-00012064-00012399 caravans some people do not stay at one
2-a1gV08Xe8-00046-00012400-00012455 place
2-a1gV08Xe8-00047-00012456-00012719 for a long time they wander from one
2-a1gV08Xe8-00048-00012720-00012838 place to another
2-a1gV08Xe8-00049-00012839-00013102 so they need a house which can move with
2-a1gV08Xe8-00050-00013103-00013158 them
2-a1gV08Xe8-00051-00013159-00013415 they build a small moving house on a
2-a1gV08Xe8-00052-00013416-00013471 cart
2-a1gV08Xe8-00053-00013472-00013775 which has wheels to move such houses can
2-a1gV08Xe8-00054-00013776-00013855 be taken
2-a1gV08Xe8-00055-00013856-00014135 to various places these houses are
2-a1gV08Xe8-00056-00014136-00014199 called
2-a1gV08Xe8-00057-00014200-00014558 caravans these are also known as mobile
2-a1gV08Xe8-00058-00014559-00014663 houses
2-a1gV08Xe8-00059-00014663-00014966 nowadays caravans are equipped with
2-a1gV08Xe8-00060-00014968-00015327 all modern facilities house boats
2-a1gV08Xe8-00061-00015328-00015615 some people make their houses on boats
2-a1gV08Xe8-00062-00015616-00015727 these houses
2-a1gV08Xe8-00063-00015728-00016030 are known as house boats houseboats are
2-a1gV08Xe8-00064-00016031-00016119 made up of
2-a1gV08Xe8-00065-00016119-00016343 wood in our country you can see
2-a1gV08Xe8-00066-00016344-00016519 houseboats in kashmir
2-a1gV08Xe8-00067-00016520-00016855 and in backwaters of kerala igloos
2-a1gV08Xe8-00068-00016856-00017150 a house built using blocks of ice is
2-a1gV08Xe8-00069-00017151-00017191 called
2-a1gV08Xe8-00070-00017192-00017494 an igloo igloos have curved roofs
2-a1gV08Xe8-00071-00017495-00017758 the snow slips down from these roofs
2-a1gV08Xe8-00072-00017759-00017822 easily
2-a1gV08Xe8-00073-00017823-00018150 igloos are made in very cold places
2-a1gV08Xe8-00074-00018151-00018575 eskimos live in such houses stilt houses
2-a1gV08Xe8-00075-00018576-00018863 stilt houses are made in those places
2-a1gV08Xe8-00076-00018864-00019014 where it rains heavily
2-a1gV08Xe8-00077-00019015-00019294 and the area gets flooded quickly these
2-a1gV08Xe8-00078-00019295-00019407 houses are made
2-a1gV08Xe8-00079-00019408-00019663 on a raised platform people can enter
2-a1gV08Xe8-00080-00019664-00019758 these houses
2-a1gV08Xe8-00081-00019759-00020055 through stairs water does not enter
2-a1gV08Xe8-00082-00020056-00020222 these houses
2-a1gV08Xe8-00083-00020223-00020558 types of roofs we see different types of
2-a1gV08Xe8-00084-00020559-00020622 roofs
2-a1gV08Xe8-00085-00020623-00020911 in different types of houses it depends
2-a1gV08Xe8-00086-00020912-00021063 according to the place
2-a1gV08Xe8-00087-00021064-00021358 where we build houses in some places
2-a1gV08Xe8-00088-00021359-00021614 where it rains heavily or at the hills
2-a1gV08Xe8-00089-00021615-00021878 where snowfall occurs frequently the
2-a1gV08Xe8-00090-00021879-00021967 houses have
2-a1gV08Xe8-00091-00021968-00022263 sloping roofs the sloping roofs help
2-a1gV08Xe8-00092-00022264-00022350 rain water
2-a1gV08Xe8-00093-00022351-00022647 and snow to slip down in other places
2-a1gV08Xe8-00094-00022648-00022743 people build
2-a1gV08Xe8-00095-00022744-00023063 flat roofs for their houses like food
2-a1gV08Xe8-00096-00023064-00023422 a house is also our basic need our house
2-a1gV08Xe8-00097-00023423-00023742 is the place which provides us comfort a
2-a1gV08Xe8-00098-00023743-00023822 good house
2-a1gV08Xe8-00099-00023823-00024055 should be airy it should have enough
2-a1gV08Xe8-00100-00024056-00024158 space to live
2-a1gV08Xe8-00101-00024159-00024414 it should have doors and windows to
2-a1gV08Xe8-00102-00024415-00024463 allow
2-a1gV08Xe8-00103-00024464-00024750 enough sunlight and fresh air to enter
2-a1gV08Xe8-00104-00024751-00024878 in the house
2-a1gV08Xe8-00105-00024879-00025142 our clothes along with the house clothes
2-a1gV08Xe8-00106-00025143-00025214 are also
2-a1gV08Xe8-00107-00025215-00025494 an important basic need clothes protect
2-a1gV08Xe8-00108-00025495-00025527 us
2-a1gV08Xe8-00109-00025528-00025878 from heat cold rain dust and insect
2-a1gV08Xe8-00110-00025879-00026206 bites clean and well ironed clothes make
2-a1gV08Xe8-00111-00026207-00026318 us look good
2-a1gV08Xe8-00112-00026319-00026623 we wear clothes according to the seasons
2-a1gV08Xe8-00113-00026624-00026927 we wear cotton clothes in summer season
2-a1gV08Xe8-00114-00026927-00027255 we wear raincoats gum boots and use an
2-a1gV08Xe8-00115-00027256-00027583 umbrella in rainy season we wear woolen
2-a1gV08Xe8-00116-00027583-00027718 clothes in winters
2-a1gV08Xe8-00117-00027719-00028119 to keep ourselves warm
2DR18hma8iQ-00000-00000016-00000247 this video presents how ancient athens
2DR18hma8iQ-00001-00000248-00000455 acquired the financial reserves to build
2DR18hma8iQ-00002-00000456-00000671 the monuments of the athenian acropolis
2DR18hma8iQ-00003-00000672-00000919 including the parthenon the erecthian
2DR18hma8iQ-00004-00000919-00001054 the propolia
2DR18hma8iQ-00005-00001055-00001311 and the temple of athena nikki all made
2DR18hma8iQ-00006-00001312-00001574 of pentellic marble
2DR18hma8iQ-00007-00001575-00001782 these buildings except from the temple
2DR18hma8iQ-00008-00001784-00002014 of athena nikki were part of a large
2DR18hma8iQ-00009-00002016-00002199 investment program that was envisioned
2DR18hma8iQ-00010-00002200-00002375 and largely implemented by the famous
2DR18hma8iQ-00011-00002376-00002758 statesman and general of athens pericles
2DR18hma8iQ-00012-00002759-00002991 when athens began this project there
2DR18hma8iQ-00013-00002992-00003215 were approximately ten thousand talents
2DR18hma8iQ-00014-00003215-00003399 in the treasury
2DR18hma8iQ-00015-00003400-00003590 nowadays this amount would be between
2DR18hma8iQ-00016-00003592-00003903 one to two billion us dollars
2DR18hma8iQ-00017-00003904-00004135 just think of a city the size of athens
2DR18hma8iQ-00018-00004136-00004319 in the fifth century bc with a
2DR18hma8iQ-00019-00004320-00004591 population of about 300 000 people
2DR18hma8iQ-00020-00004592-00004879 possessing this amount of cash
2DR18hma8iQ-00021-00004880-00005302 but how did athens acquire so much cash
2DR18hma8iQ-00022-00005303-00005551 by that time the source of income of the
2DR18hma8iQ-00023-00005552-00005775 city was mainly the exploitation of the
2DR18hma8iQ-00024-00005776-00005991 lavrium silver mines and that wasn't
2DR18hma8iQ-00025-00005992-00006143 enough
2DR18hma8iQ-00026-00006144-00006518 where did all that money come from
2DR18hma8iQ-00027-00006519-00007334 the answer is the athenian alliance
2DR18hma8iQ-00028-00007336-00007606 the persian invasions
2DR18hma8iQ-00029-00007608-00007798 the persians were people located from
2DR18hma8iQ-00030-00007800-00008070 asia to the mediterranean
2DR18hma8iQ-00031-00008072-00008303 it was the biggest empire in ancient
2DR18hma8iQ-00032-00008304-00008551 times with a massive army
2DR18hma8iQ-00033-00008552-00008942 in 499 bc the greek city-states of eonia
2DR18hma8iQ-00034-00008943-00009319 rebelled against persia and king darius
2DR18hma8iQ-00035-00009320-00009559 athens and eritrea send aid to the
2DR18hma8iQ-00036-00009560-00009719 rebels
2DR18hma8iQ-00037-00009720-00009967 darius then invaded greece and punished
2DR18hma8iQ-00038-00009968-00010231 eritrea and athens
2DR18hma8iQ-00039-00010232-00010574 in 490 bc eritrea was sacked and burned
2DR18hma8iQ-00040-00010575-00010774 by the persians
2DR18hma8iQ-00041-00010775-00010999 in the same year the athenian forces
2DR18hma8iQ-00042-00011000-00011255 aided by the army of platia prevailed
2DR18hma8iQ-00043-00011256-00011551 the persian forces in marathon
2DR18hma8iQ-00044-00011552-00011751 the persian empire lasted from
2DR18hma8iQ-00045-00011752-00012246 approximately 559 bc to 331 bc and began
2DR18hma8iQ-00046-00012247-00012567 to decline under the reign of xerxes
2DR18hma8iQ-00047-00012568-00012799 xerxes depleted the royal treasury with
2DR18hma8iQ-00048-00012800-00013022 an unsuccessful second campaign to
2DR18hma8iQ-00049-00013023-00013222 invade greece and the defeats in the
2DR18hma8iQ-00050-00013223-00013415 battle of salamis and the battle of
2DR18hma8iQ-00051-00013416-00013583 platia
2DR18hma8iQ-00052-00013584-00013791 persia was eventually conquered by
2DR18hma8iQ-00053-00013791-00014543 alexander the great in 334 bc
2DR18hma8iQ-00054-00014544-00015047 the athenian alliance
2DR18hma8iQ-00055-00015047-00015415 in 479 bc the greeks had successfully
2DR18hma8iQ-00056-00015416-00015607 overcome the invasion of the persians
2DR18hma8iQ-00057-00015608-00015783 with their military victories in the
2DR18hma8iQ-00058-00015784-00015983 persian wars
2DR18hma8iQ-00059-00015984-00016199 after these victories and the liberation
2DR18hma8iQ-00060-00016200-00016439 of the occupied greek city-states the
2DR18hma8iQ-00061-00016440-00016607 trade routes of the aegean and the
2DR18hma8iQ-00062-00016608-00016983 mediterranean sea were again available
2DR18hma8iQ-00063-00016984-00017143 these roots had previously been
2DR18hma8iQ-00064-00017144-00017391 dominated by the phoenicians allies of
2DR18hma8iQ-00065-00017392-00017735 the defeated persians
2DR18hma8iQ-00066-00017736-00017886 the phoenicians were an ancient
2DR18hma8iQ-00067-00017887-00018103 civilization composed of independent
2DR18hma8iQ-00068-00018104-00018327 city-states which lay along the coast of
2DR18hma8iQ-00069-00018328-00018527 the mediterranean sea stretching through
2DR18hma8iQ-00070-00018528-00018814 what is now syria lebanon and northern
2DR18hma8iQ-00071-00018815-00018967 israel
2DR18hma8iQ-00072-00018968-00019167 the phoenicians were a great maritime
2DR18hma8iQ-00073-00019168-00019486 people known for their mighty ships
2DR18hma8iQ-00074-00019487-00019743 the city of tyre and the city of sidon
2DR18hma8iQ-00075-00019744-00019919 are the most powerful states in
2DR18hma8iQ-00076-00019920-00020414 phoenicia
2DR18hma8iQ-00077-00020415-00020607 in 478
2DR18hma8iQ-00078-00020608-00020903 7 bc on the initiative of the athenian
2DR18hma8iQ-00079-00020904-00021175 general aristides athens united most
2DR18hma8iQ-00080-00021176-00021430 greek city-states and the first athenian
2DR18hma8iQ-00081-00021431-00021655 alliance was formed
2DR18hma8iQ-00082-00021656-00021927 it was also known as the delian alliance
2DR18hma8iQ-00083-00021928-00022143 or delian union
2DR18hma8iQ-00084-00022144-00022414 the military successes of the alliance
2DR18hma8iQ-00085-00022415-00022622 especially under the command of general
2DR18hma8iQ-00086-00022623-00022950 kimin son of multites liberated all the
2DR18hma8iQ-00087-00022951-00023150 greek cities of asia minor from the
2DR18hma8iQ-00088-00023151-00023319 persians
2DR18hma8iQ-00089-00023320-00023550 the greek cities participating equally
2DR18hma8iQ-00090-00023551-00023735 in the alliance were the city-states of
2DR18hma8iQ-00091-00023736-00024094 evia hockeys and eritrea the cities of
2DR18hma8iQ-00092-00024095-00024263 halkidiki
2DR18hma8iQ-00093-00024264-00024639 the city-states of cyclades those kiosks
2DR18hma8iQ-00094-00024640-00025022 midaleen locreda methoni moronia and
2DR18hma8iQ-00095-00025023-00025575 most of the cities in ionia and marmara
2DR18hma8iQ-00096-00025576-00025727 the city-states retained their
2DR18hma8iQ-00097-00025727-00025950 independence and each had one vote in
2DR18hma8iQ-00098-00025951-00026158 conferences that were held on the island
2DR18hma8iQ-00099-00026160-00026327 of dillos
2DR18hma8iQ-00100-00026327-00026623 the island of dillos next to mykonos
2DR18hma8iQ-00101-00026624-00026862 near the center of the cyclades is one
2DR18hma8iQ-00102-00026863-00027055 of the most important mythological
2DR18hma8iQ-00103-00027056-00027302 historical and archaeological sites in
2DR18hma8iQ-00104-00027304-00027455 greece
2DR18hma8iQ-00105-00027456-00027670 the excavations in the island are among
2DR18hma8iQ-00106-00027672-00028046 the most extensive in the mediterranean
2DR18hma8iQ-00107-00028047-00028239 ongoing work takes place under the
2DR18hma8iQ-00108-00028239-00028470 direction of the french school at athens
2DR18hma8iQ-00109-00028472-00028687 and many of the artifacts found are on
2DR18hma8iQ-00110-00028688-00028911 display at the archaeological museum of
2DR18hma8iQ-00111-00028912-00029135 dillos and the national archaeological
2DR18hma8iQ-00112-00029136-00029358 museum of athens
2DR18hma8iQ-00113-00029360-00029590 the island had a position as a holy
2DR18hma8iQ-00114-00029591-00029807 sanctuary as it was the birthplace of
2DR18hma8iQ-00115-00029808-00030127 apollo and artemis
2DR18hma8iQ-00116-00030127-00030470 the alliance treasury was kept here
2DR18hma8iQ-00117-00030472-00030695 the initial allied contribution of each
2DR18hma8iQ-00118-00030695-00030999 member of the alliance was 460 attic
2DR18hma8iQ-00119-00031000-00031199 talents per year
2DR18hma8iQ-00120-00031200-00031502 the attic talent was 6 000 attic draxmas
2DR18hma8iQ-00121-00031503-00031711 and the most precious coin in the fifth
2DR18hma8iQ-00122-00031712-00031927 century bc
2DR18hma8iQ-00123-00031927-00032135 with one talent you could pay a shipyard
2DR18hma8iQ-00124-00032136-00032374 to build a trireme the most advantage
2DR18hma8iQ-00125-00032375-00032614 warship of ancient greece or to pay a
2DR18hma8iQ-00126-00032616-00032871 triarin crew of 200 rowers for a month's
2DR18hma8iQ-00127-00032872-00033243 worth of work
2DR18hma8iQ-00128-00033244-00033446 [Music]
2DR18hma8iQ-00129-00033447-00033615 with the creation of the athenian
2DR18hma8iQ-00130-00033616-00033887 alliance the city of athens assumed a
2DR18hma8iQ-00131-00033888-00034062 leading role
2DR18hma8iQ-00132-00034063-00034335 within a few years athens had become the
2DR18hma8iQ-00133-00034336-00034551 absolute ruler and manager of the
2DR18hma8iQ-00134-00034552-00034846 alliance's financial resources
2DR18hma8iQ-00135-00034847-00035062 a natural consequence of the economic
2DR18hma8iQ-00136-00035063-00035287 development of athens was its hegemony
2DR18hma8iQ-00137-00035288-00035487 over the other greek city-states like
2DR18hma8iQ-00138-00035488-00035823 eritrea hockey's sparta corinth and
2DR18hma8iQ-00139-00035824-00035983 thebes
2DR18hma8iQ-00140-00035984-00036207 during the pericles period along with
2DR18hma8iQ-00141-00036208-00036423 the cultural growth of the city this
2DR18hma8iQ-00142-00036424-00036615 role was strengthened and the alliance
2DR18hma8iQ-00143-00036616-00036783 was transformed into an athenian
2DR18hma8iQ-00144-00036784-00036951 hegemony
2DR18hma8iQ-00145-00036952-00037167 the transfer of the treasury from dillos
2DR18hma8iQ-00146-00037168-00037511 to athens in 454 bc played an important
2DR18hma8iQ-00147-00037512-00037743 role in this change
2DR18hma8iQ-00148-00037744-00037959 from that year with the contributions of
2DR18hma8iQ-00149-00037960-00038230 each member increased athens began using
2DR18hma8iQ-00150-00038231-00038518 the funds of the alliance at will
2DR18hma8iQ-00151-00038519-00038935 soon a huge amount of wealth accumulated
2DR18hma8iQ-00152-00038936-00039183 pericles used these abundant resources
2DR18hma8iQ-00153-00039184-00039335 and began the construction of the
2DR18hma8iQ-00154-00039336-00039974 acropolis monuments
2DR18hma8iQ-00155-00039975-00040183 if you want to extend your research have
2DR18hma8iQ-00156-00040184-00040343 a look to the description of the video
2DR18hma8iQ-00157-00040344-00040767 for more links and sources
2DR18hma8iQ-00158-00040768-00041015 did you like this video give us a thumbs
2DR18hma8iQ-00159-00041016-00041629 up and subscribe to support our channel
2DR18hma8iQ-00160-00041630-00042774 [Music]
2DR18hma8iQ-00161-00042775-00042984 you
2FYR8c9KcZI-00000-00000141-00000488 [Music]
2FYR8c9KcZI-00001-00000489-00000878 welcome
2FYR8c9KcZI-00002-00000880-00001168 so welcome to or Daenerys and Sango this
2FYR8c9KcZI-00003-00001169-00001495 is our little zendo part-time zendo and
2FYR8c9KcZI-00004-00001496-00001707 my wife's not using it has her office
2FYR8c9KcZI-00005-00001709-00001987 I started ordinary zen sangha about
2FYR8c9KcZI-00006-00001988-00002182 three I think it was three or four years
2FYR8c9KcZI-00007-00002183-00002631 ago and we don't claim to be affiliated
2FYR8c9KcZI-00008-00002632-00003172 with any group but we are a Zen or Sun
2FYR8c9KcZI-00009-00003173-00003424 or Center we do practice in the Zen
2FYR8c9KcZI-00010-00003425-00003778 tradition and even though we don't claim
2FYR8c9KcZI-00011-00003779-00003986 to belong to any particular group
2FYR8c9KcZI-00012-00003987-00004343 nonetheless the Dharma has no bounds
2FYR8c9KcZI-00013-00004344-00004638 doesn't belong to any group or sect or
2FYR8c9KcZI-00014-00004639-00004963 culture Dharma is beyond all that and
2FYR8c9KcZI-00015-00004964-00005193 we're part of the Dharma in a very real
2FYR8c9KcZI-00016-00005194-00005575 way so that's what we do here we
2FYR8c9KcZI-00017-00005576-00005854 practice the Dharma and we do that by
2FYR8c9KcZI-00018-00005855-00006027 getting to know ourselves through our
2FYR8c9KcZI-00019-00006028-00006229 meditation practice and the things that
2FYR8c9KcZI-00020-00006230-00006656 we do here such as this retreat weekend
2FYR8c9KcZI-00021-00006658-00006909 we've been in this building a little
2FYR8c9KcZI-00022-00006911-00007291 over a year and the first time Tongans
2FYR8c9KcZI-00023-00007292-00007795 unum was here was actually a year ago in
2FYR8c9KcZI-00024-00007795-00008263 September and he helped us inaugurate
2FYR8c9KcZI-00025-00008264-00008716 this Center by doing a zendo blessing
2FYR8c9KcZI-00026-00008717-00008999 and we had a wonderful retreat that
2FYR8c9KcZI-00027-00009000-00009310 weekend and then he came back in six
2FYR8c9KcZI-00028-00009311-00009487 months later in March and we had another
2FYR8c9KcZI-00029-00009488-00009792 wonderful retreat and so this is his
2FYR8c9KcZI-00030-00009793-00010146 third visit here to monsoon him is is
2FYR8c9KcZI-00031-00010147-00010521 from Hungary but he's trained in the
2FYR8c9KcZI-00032-00010522-00010689 Korean Zen tradition
2FYR8c9KcZI-00033-00010690-00011010 he's a Zen master in the jeonggi order
2FYR8c9KcZI-00034-00011011-00011463 and he is he trained with his teacher
2FYR8c9KcZI-00035-00011464-00011848 song Sean soon him for about six years
2FYR8c9KcZI-00036-00011849-00012076 in Korea so it's just a little bit of
2FYR8c9KcZI-00037-00012077-00012238 background you can read more about him
2FYR8c9KcZI-00038-00012239-00012441 and the little pamphlets that are
2FYR8c9KcZI-00039-00012442-00012673 available back there and also about his
2FYR8c9KcZI-00040-00012674-00012971 temple in the pills mountains outside of
2FYR8c9KcZI-00041-00012972-00013309 Budapest it's a beautiful place I've
2FYR8c9KcZI-00042-00013310-00013566 never been there yet but it's in the
2FYR8c9KcZI-00043-00013568-00013983 plans in fact we may do it as a group
2FYR8c9KcZI-00044-00013984-00014188 next year so
2FYR8c9KcZI-00045-00014188-00014516 that's kind of something in the air I
2FYR8c9KcZI-00046-00014518-00015022 think the best way to introduce joensuu
2FYR8c9KcZI-00047-00015022-00015238 name is just to let him come up here and
2FYR8c9KcZI-00048-00015238-00015544 be himself but before I do that I want
2FYR8c9KcZI-00049-00015544-00015909 to just mention that the talk tonight is
2FYR8c9KcZI-00050-00015910-00016477 emptiness and abundance so this may
2FYR8c9KcZI-00051-00016478-00016726 sound paradoxical you know like so much
2FYR8c9KcZI-00052-00016727-00017043 of Zen people interpret it as being
2FYR8c9KcZI-00053-00017044-00017350 confusing how can something that's empty
2FYR8c9KcZI-00054-00017351-00017734 be abundant it's a wonderful question
2FYR8c9KcZI-00055-00017735-00018340 and the thing that we don't realize when
2FYR8c9KcZI-00056-00018341-00018580 we first come to this kind of practice
2FYR8c9KcZI-00057-00018581-00019258 is that emptiness isn't empty empty is
2FYR8c9KcZI-00058-00019259-00019626 just empty of those things that are not
2FYR8c9KcZI-00059-00019627-00020209 permanent so I'm sure su su name will
2FYR8c9KcZI-00060-00020210-00020446 we'll talk about it more but the
2FYR8c9KcZI-00061-00020447-00020677 abundance part for me the connection
2FYR8c9KcZI-00062-00020678-00021016 between the two is that in Zen you know
2FYR8c9KcZI-00063-00021017-00021300 we talked about our original nature our
2FYR8c9KcZI-00064-00021301-00021607 Buddha nature and Buddha nature is clear
2FYR8c9KcZI-00065-00021608-00021886 like space it's beyond thinking it's
2FYR8c9KcZI-00066-00021887-00022018 beyond the intellect
2FYR8c9KcZI-00067-00022019-00022261 it's about beyond our understanding of
2FYR8c9KcZI-00068-00022262-00022608 who we are it's who we really are and so
2FYR8c9KcZI-00069-00022609-00022918 this is the discovery or the path that
2FYR8c9KcZI-00070-00022919-00023128 we're on and it's really no path at all
2FYR8c9KcZI-00071-00023129-00023400 because we're not going anywhere and we
2FYR8c9KcZI-00072-00023401-00023572 haven't lost anything and we're not
2FYR8c9KcZI-00073-00023573-00023833 gaining anything it just appears as
2FYR8c9KcZI-00074-00023834-00024046 though we are in this world of
2FYR8c9KcZI-00075-00024047-00024340 constantly changing phenomena so we have
2FYR8c9KcZI-00076-00024341-00024490 all this history and we have all these
2FYR8c9KcZI-00077-00024491-00024667 constructs that we've built of ourselves
2FYR8c9KcZI-00078-00024668-00025057 and now we come to get to know ourselves
2FYR8c9KcZI-00079-00025058-00025400 and we begin to experience freedom or
2FYR8c9KcZI-00080-00025401-00025752 liberation if you will as as they say in
2FYR8c9KcZI-00081-00025754-00026040 some traditions or enlightenment or I
2FYR8c9KcZI-00082-00026041-00026425 like to use the term awaken to awaken to
2FYR8c9KcZI-00083-00026426-00026808 who we are and what we're doing so it's
2FYR8c9KcZI-00084-00026810-00026944 really important in today's time
2FYR8c9KcZI-00085-00026945-00027214 especially in this crazy world that we
2FYR8c9KcZI-00086-00027214-00027485 live in with all the darkness around
2FYR8c9KcZI-00087-00027486-00027721 us for us to be able to see through all
2FYR8c9KcZI-00088-00027722-00028199 that to what's real so you know we're
2FYR8c9KcZI-00089-00028200-00028370 committed to that that's what we do here
2FYR8c9KcZI-00090-00028370-00028624 we practice to get to know ourselves be
2FYR8c9KcZI-00091-00028625-00028855 better human beings live on the planet
2FYR8c9KcZI-00092-00028856-00029210 with a more solid firm foundation in
2FYR8c9KcZI-00093-00029211-00029474 reality so with that I'd like to
2FYR8c9KcZI-00094-00029475-00029831 introduce turn on scene
2GY3ea_6apU-00000-00000054-00000528 Blin Kelly born 1951 is an Australian
2GY3ea_6apU-00001-00000529-00000872 writer researcher and science educator
2GY3ea_6apU-00002-00000873-00001253 her academic work focuses mainly on the
2GY3ea_6apU-00003-00001254-00001568 study of primary orality as well as the
2GY3ea_6apU-00004-00001569-00001851 mnemonic devices used by ancient and
2GY3ea_6apU-00005-00001852-00002094 modern oral cultures from around the
2GY3ea_6apU-00006-00002095-00002463 world she is known for her theory on the
2GY3ea_6apU-00007-00002464-00002691 purpose of the Stonehenge megalithic
2GY3ea_6apU-00008-00002692-00002943 which she believes served as a centre
2GY3ea_6apU-00009-00002944-00003150 for the transmission of knowledge among
2GY3ea_6apU-00010-00003151-00003414 Neolithic Britons she has been
2GY3ea_6apU-00011-00003415-00003663 interviewed on different podcasts and
2GY3ea_6apU-00012-00003664-00003972 radio programs about her work on primary
2GY3ea_6apU-00013-00003972-00004497 orality popular science and skepticism
2GY3ea_6apU-00014-00004498-00004867 you
2GY3ea_6apU-00015-00004868-00005534 topic work and education
2GY3ea_6apU-00016-00005535-00005786 Kelly holds a Bachelor of engineering
2GY3ea_6apU-00017-00005787-00006131 from Monash University a graduate
2GY3ea_6apU-00018-00006132-00006361 diploma of computing from Deakin
2GY3ea_6apU-00019-00006362-00006680 University a diploma of Education from
2GY3ea_6apU-00020-00006681-00006931 Ruston State College a Master of
2GY3ea_6apU-00021-00006931-00007217 Education from Melbourne University and
2GY3ea_6apU-00022-00007218-00007409 a doctoral degree from Latrobe
2GY3ea_6apU-00023-00007409-00007508 University
2GY3ea_6apU-00024-00007509-00007731 Kelly's writing also includes
2GY3ea_6apU-00025-00007733-00008015 educational resources for courses on
2GY3ea_6apU-00026-00008016-00008270 mathematics thinking skills and
2GY3ea_6apU-00027-00008271-00008546 information technology as well as a
2GY3ea_6apU-00028-00008547-00008966 novel kelly has also published books for
2GY3ea_6apU-00029-00008967-00009285 popular science audiences on spiders
2GY3ea_6apU-00030-00009286-00009590 crocodiles and skepticism she has
2GY3ea_6apU-00031-00009591-00009851 previously worked as a teacher and she
2GY3ea_6apU-00032-00009852-00010106 currently works as an honorary research
2GY3ea_6apU-00033-00010107-00010355 fellow at Latrobe University in
2GY3ea_6apU-00034-00010356-00010707 Melbourne Australia
2GY3ea_6apU-00035-00010708-00011076 you
2GY3ea_6apU-00036-00011077-00011512 topic research on primary orality and
2GY3ea_6apU-00037-00011513-00011930 memory
2GY3ea_6apU-00038-00011931-00012233 a fundamental part of Kelly's research
2GY3ea_6apU-00039-00012234-00012442 delves into the transmission of
2GY3ea_6apU-00040-00012443-00012688 scientific and technological knowledge
2GY3ea_6apU-00041-00012689-00013012 among small-scale oral cultures such as
2GY3ea_6apU-00042-00013013-00013361 Australian Aborigines the Pueblo people
2GY3ea_6apU-00043-00013362-00013622 and some African cultures Kelly's
2GY3ea_6apU-00044-00013622-00013900 research indicates that oral cultures
2GY3ea_6apU-00045-00013901-00014147 possess a large body of scientific
2GY3ea_6apU-00046-00014147-00014432 knowledge on animal behavior plant
2GY3ea_6apU-00047-00014433-00014732 properties the landscape natural
2GY3ea_6apU-00048-00014733-00015068 phenomena location of sacred places and
2GY3ea_6apU-00049-00015069-00015463 water sources this knowledge is encoded
2GY3ea_6apU-00050-00015465-00015800 in myths rituals chance and mnemonic
2GY3ea_6apU-00051-00015801-00016136 devices according to Kelly's theory the
2GY3ea_6apU-00052-00016137-00016340 manner of accessing stored information
2GY3ea_6apU-00053-00016341-00016637 would depend on whether the culture was
2GY3ea_6apU-00054-00016638-00016997 mobile or more settled hunter-gatherer
2GY3ea_6apU-00055-00016998-00017240 societies would depend on portable
2GY3ea_6apU-00056-00017241-00017503 mnemonic devices and techniques that
2GY3ea_6apU-00057-00017504-00017741 would allow them to use the landscape as
2GY3ea_6apU-00058-00017742-00018014 a mnemonic tool such as the method of
2GY3ea_6apU-00059-00018015-00018356 loci Kelly has observed similar
2GY3ea_6apU-00060-00018357-00018638 techniques within the modern Australian
2GY3ea_6apU-00061-00018639-00018908 Aborigines who use features on the
2GY3ea_6apU-00062-00018909-00019178 landscape as visual cues to retrieve
2GY3ea_6apU-00063-00019179-00019609 information on the other hand societies
2GY3ea_6apU-00064-00019610-00019874 that were less mobile but not completely
2GY3ea_6apU-00065-00019875-00020141 settled would create local replications
2GY3ea_6apU-00066-00020142-00020368 of the landscape to access information
2GY3ea_6apU-00067-00020369-00020692 such as circles of timber or stone
2GY3ea_6apU-00068-00020693-00020900 sequences of mounds and other
2GY3ea_6apU-00069-00020901-00021172 prehistoric built environments
2GY3ea_6apU-00070-00021173-00021452 Kelly's research also indicates that
2GY3ea_6apU-00071-00021453-00021703 both nomadic and sedentary societies
2GY3ea_6apU-00072-00021704-00022046 rely on performance and entertainment as
2GY3ea_6apU-00073-00022047-00022228 a part of their complex knowledge
2GY3ea_6apU-00074-00022229-00022619 storage system the use of songs and
2GY3ea_6apU-00075-00022620-00022853 rituals as a vital component of
2GY3ea_6apU-00076-00022854-00023056 retention techniques which further
2GY3ea_6apU-00077-00023057-00023315 strengthens memorization and it is
2GY3ea_6apU-00078-00023316-00023600 ubiquitous among the cultures studied by
2GY3ea_6apU-00079-00023601-00023947 Kelly people participating in the
2GY3ea_6apU-00080-00023948-00024164 performance would sing and tell stories
2GY3ea_6apU-00081-00024165-00024478 while also touching a mnemonic object
2GY3ea_6apU-00082-00024479-00024791 moving around the site or dancing as a
2GY3ea_6apU-00083-00024792-00025067 way to trigger kinesthetic cues to
2GY3ea_6apU-00084-00025068-00025316 access the knowledge Lyn Kelly
2GY3ea_6apU-00085-00025317-00025532 has spoken against the portrayal of
2GY3ea_6apU-00086-00025533-00025747 native peoples by the media and
2GY3ea_6apU-00087-00025748-00026089 sometimes even in academia as having a
2GY3ea_6apU-00088-00026091-00026264 close relationship with their
2GY3ea_6apU-00089-00026264-00026519 environment but being at the same time
2GY3ea_6apU-00090-00026520-00026882 simplistic and superstitious these
2GY3ea_6apU-00091-00026883-00027158 portrayals tend to focus only on their
2GY3ea_6apU-00092-00027158-00027422 religion and rituals and very rarely
2GY3ea_6apU-00093-00027423-00027608 acknowledge their vast scientific
2GY3ea_6apU-00094-00027608-00027899 knowledge in 2015
2GY3ea_6apU-00095-00027900-00028154 Kelly published a book under the title
2GY3ea_6apU-00096-00028155-00028352 knowledge and power in prehistoric
2GY3ea_6apU-00097-00028352-00028655 societies which incorporates the
2GY3ea_6apU-00098-00028656-00029020 research for her doctoral thesis this
2GY3ea_6apU-00099-00029022-00029294 work explores the link between power and
2GY3ea_6apU-00100-00029295-00029519 the control of knowledge in oral
2GY3ea_6apU-00101-00029520-00029756 cultures as well as the different
2GY3ea_6apU-00102-00029757-00030040 mnemonic techniques and devices used by
2GY3ea_6apU-00103-00030041-00030482 those cultures Kelly also suggests a new
2GY3ea_6apU-00104-00030483-00030685 theory on the purpose of the
2GY3ea_6apU-00105-00030686-00030958 archaeological sites of Chaco Canyon
2GY3ea_6apU-00106-00030958-00031385 Poverty Point and Stonehenge
2GY3ea_6apU-00107-00031386-00031727 you
2GY3ea_6apU-00108-00031727-00032329 topic the memory coat
2GY3ea_6apU-00109-00032330-00032764 in June 2016 Kellis doctoral research
2GY3ea_6apU-00110-00032764-00032992 was published for a general readership
2GY3ea_6apU-00111-00032993-00033355 under the title the memory coat this
2GY3ea_6apU-00112-00033356-00033616 work comprises the results of Kelly's
2GY3ea_6apU-00113-00033617-00033910 research spanning over almost a decade
2GY3ea_6apU-00114-00033911-00034204 into mnemonics of indigenous peoples
2GY3ea_6apU-00115-00034205-00034354 from around the globe
2GY3ea_6apU-00116-00034355-00034642 Kelly's work on Australian Aboriginals
2GY3ea_6apU-00117-00034643-00034897 includes the identification of song
2GY3ea_6apU-00118-00034898-00035269 lines with memory techniques she has
2GY3ea_6apU-00119-00035270-00035623 found research stating that up to 70% of
2GY3ea_6apU-00120-00035624-00035839 these song lines contains knowledge
2GY3ea_6apU-00121-00035840-00036172 about animals plants and seasons the
2GY3ea_6apU-00122-00036173-00036409 book created much interest from the
2GY3ea_6apU-00123-00036410-00036655 media and the public even before its
2GY3ea_6apU-00124-00036656-00037003 release since the publication of the
2GY3ea_6apU-00125-00037004-00037297 memory code Kelly has been invited to
2GY3ea_6apU-00126-00037298-00037585 numerous radio shows and public lectures
2GY3ea_6apU-00127-00037586-00037777 to discuss her work on indigenous
2GY3ea_6apU-00128-00037778-00038098 knowledge mnemonics and the application
2GY3ea_6apU-00129-00038099-00038350 of memory techniques and devices in
2GY3ea_6apU-00130-00038351-00038734 everyday life Kelly has been known for
2GY3ea_6apU-00131-00038735-00038941 trying the same techniques she has
2GY3ea_6apU-00132-00038942-00039190 researched to memorize long lists of
2GY3ea_6apU-00133-00039191-00039442 categories and events including
2GY3ea_6apU-00134-00039443-00039691 succeeding to memorize all the countries
2GY3ea_6apU-00135-00039692-00039927 of the world by population order
2GY3ea_6apU-00136-00039928-00040221 memorizing a historical chronology of
2GY3ea_6apU-00137-00040222-00040525 prehistoric and historic events and a
2GY3ea_6apU-00138-00040526-00040825 guide of the 408 birds of the state of
2GY3ea_6apU-00139-00040826-00041227 Victoria she has memorized those lists
2GY3ea_6apU-00140-00041228-00041494 and events using the Llosa method the
2GY3ea_6apU-00141-00041495-00041818 help of mnemonic devices and by creating
2GY3ea_6apU-00142-00041819-00042067 stories connecting the elements she is
2GY3ea_6apU-00143-00042068-00042484 trying to memorize Kelly has received
2GY3ea_6apU-00144-00042485-00042694 the support and orientation of
2GY3ea_6apU-00145-00042695-00042982 Australian Aboriginal advisers for her
2GY3ea_6apU-00146-00042983-00043261 research particularly of her colleague
2GY3ea_6apU-00147-00043262-00043683 nan Jie who is Warlpiri
2GY3ea_6apU-00148-00043684-00044026 you
2GY3ea_6apU-00149-00044027-00044357 topic theory on the purpose of
2GY3ea_6apU-00150-00044358-00044783 Stonehenge
2GY3ea_6apU-00151-00044784-00045108 according to Kelly's theory Stonehenge
2GY3ea_6apU-00152-00045109-00045363 served the purpose of a mnemonic Center
2GY3ea_6apU-00153-00045364-00045588 for recording and retrieving knowledge
2GY3ea_6apU-00154-00045589-00045885 by Neolithic Britons who lacked written
2GY3ea_6apU-00155-00045886-00046176 language the knowledge could have
2GY3ea_6apU-00156-00046177-00046488 included pragmatic information on animal
2GY3ea_6apU-00157-00046489-00046827 classification and behavior geography
2GY3ea_6apU-00158-00046828-00047148 and navigation land management and crop
2GY3ea_6apU-00159-00047149-00047466 cycles as well as cultural knowledge on
2GY3ea_6apU-00160-00047467-00047877 history politics genealogy and religion
2GY3ea_6apU-00161-00047878-00048159 in knowledge and power in prehistoric
2GY3ea_6apU-00162-00048160-00048480 societies Kelly suggests that knowledge
2GY3ea_6apU-00163-00048481-00048699 may have been originally preserved by
2GY3ea_6apU-00164-00048700-00048921 the nomadic Britons by using the
2GY3ea_6apU-00165-00048922-00049185 landscape as a mnemonic tool in a
2GY3ea_6apU-00166-00049186-00049428 similar fashion to the memorization
2GY3ea_6apU-00167-00049429-00049815 technique known as method of loci as the
2GY3ea_6apU-00168-00049816-00050037 Britain started to settle they would
2GY3ea_6apU-00169-00050038-00050226 have needed to modify the way they
2GY3ea_6apU-00170-00050227-00050418 stored their knowledge as they were not
2GY3ea_6apU-00171-00050419-00050670 moving as much anymore so they would
2GY3ea_6apU-00172-00050671-00050907 have built Stonehenge in an attempt to
2GY3ea_6apU-00173-00050908-00051198 replicate the landscape locally allowing
2GY3ea_6apU-00174-00051199-00051561 them to memorize and store knowledge the
2GY3ea_6apU-00175-00051562-00051854 circles and stones or timber posts would
2GY3ea_6apU-00176-00051855-00052121 have represented the landscape and each
2GY3ea_6apU-00177-00052122-00052358 stone would have been associated with a
2GY3ea_6apU-00178-00052359-00052569 segment of their knowledge system
2GY3ea_6apU-00179-00052570-00052872 Kelly's research also indicates that
2GY3ea_6apU-00180-00052873-00053115 once the Neolithic Britons society
2GY3ea_6apU-00181-00053116-00053400 settled the ceremonial spaces would have
2GY3ea_6apU-00182-00053401-00053637 become more restricted and the rituals
2GY3ea_6apU-00183-00053638-00053942 controlled by the elites Kelly's theory
2GY3ea_6apU-00184-00053944-00054165 on the purpose of Stonehenge would also
2GY3ea_6apU-00185-00054166-00054450 explain certain physical features such
2GY3ea_6apU-00186-00054451-00054732 as circles or lines of posts and ditches
2GY3ea_6apU-00187-00054733-00054978 at other archaeological such as the
2GY3ea_6apU-00188-00054979-00055212 Durrington walls and Avebury which
2GY3ea_6apU-00189-00055213-00055473 previously had not been explained
2GY3ea_6apU-00190-00055474-00055710 Kelly's theory is sustained by the
2GY3ea_6apU-00191-00055711-00055991 record of archaeological changes and
2GY3ea_6apU-00192-00055992-00056220 level of activity registered at
2GY3ea_6apU-00193-00056221-00056544 Stonehenge those changes would be
2GY3ea_6apU-00194-00056545-00056811 consistent with the social changes the
2GY3ea_6apU-00195-00056812-00057060 Neolithic Britons would have experienced
2GY3ea_6apU-00196-00057061-00057230 whilst transitioning from a
2GY3ea_6apU-00197-00057232-00057477 hunter-gatherer society where the
2GY3ea_6apU-00198-00057478-00057732 knowledge was shared by the elders to a
2GY3ea_6apU-00199-00057733-00058020 sedentary society whose knowledge was
2GY3ea_6apU-00200-00058021-00058146 restricted to the
2GY3ea_6apU-00201-00058147-00058439 leads and transmitted via apprenticeship
2GY3ea_6apU-00202-00058440-00058761 this change in the control of knowledge
2GY3ea_6apU-00203-00058762-00058983 would have eventually made Stonehenge
2GY3ea_6apU-00204-00058984-00059291 unused and its primary purpose for Godin
2GY3ea_6apU-00205-00059292-00059577 her theory is also consistent with her
2GY3ea_6apU-00206-00059578-00059835 previous research on mnemonic techniques
2GY3ea_6apU-00207-00059836-00060129 used by ancient and modern cultures and
2GY3ea_6apU-00208-00060129-00060426 the use of temples myths and legends to
2GY3ea_6apU-00209-00060427-00060791 pass on and remember knowledge as the
2GY3ea_6apU-00210-00060792-00061074 chance of survival for oral cultures is
2GY3ea_6apU-00211-00061075-00061302 strongly dependent on their ability to
2GY3ea_6apU-00212-00061303-00061602 store and retrieve information the great
2GY3ea_6apU-00213-00061603-00061829 efforts and the participation of the
2GY3ea_6apU-00214-00061830-00062100 entire community on the construction of
2GY3ea_6apU-00215-00062101-00062328 a site as large as Stonehenge are
2GY3ea_6apU-00216-00062329-00062707 explained and justifiable
2GY3ea_6apU-00217-00062708-00063076 you
2GY3ea_6apU-00218-00063077-00063809 topic works on popular science
2GY3ea_6apU-00219-00063810-00064148 Kelly is also known for her contribution
2GY3ea_6apU-00220-00064149-00064574 to popular science literature in 2006
2GY3ea_6apU-00221-00064575-00064904 she published a book on crocodiles under
2GY3ea_6apU-00222-00064904-00065222 the title crocodile evolutions greatest
2GY3ea_6apU-00223-00065223-00065627 survivor in this work kelly collects
2GY3ea_6apU-00224-00065628-00065869 both folklore and human crocodile
2GY3ea_6apU-00225-00065870-00066134 interactions from across the world as
2GY3ea_6apU-00226-00066135-00066416 well as the biology behavior and
2GY3ea_6apU-00227-00066417-00066851 evolution of crocodilians in 2009 kelly
2GY3ea_6apU-00228-00066852-00067127 published her book spiders learning to
2GY3ea_6apU-00229-00067128-00067430 love them where she explores the biology
2GY3ea_6apU-00230-00067431-00067706 and human perceptions around spiders as
2GY3ea_6apU-00231-00067707-00067981 well as offers a guide for spider
2GY3ea_6apU-00232-00067982-00068366 identification it is also a recount of
2GY3ea_6apU-00233-00068367-00068576 the author's personal journey from
2GY3ea_6apU-00234-00068577-00068882 disliking spiders to being fascinated by
2GY3ea_6apU-00235-00068883-00069299 them the book won best book in the
2GY3ea_6apU-00236-00069300-00069791 category of Natural History in the 2009
2GY3ea_6apU-00237-00069792-00070109 Whitley Awards by the Royal Zoological
2GY3ea_6apU-00238-00070110-00070519 Society of New South Wales
2GY3ea_6apU-00239-00070520-00070891 you
2GY3ea_6apU-00240-00070892-00071562 topic work in skepticism
2GY3ea_6apU-00241-00071563-00071874 Kelly has also been an active promoter
2GY3ea_6apU-00242-00071875-00072143 of skepticism and educating the public
2GY3ea_6apU-00243-00072144-00072387 on the importance of critical thinking
2GY3ea_6apU-00244-00072388-00072548 and science
2GY3ea_6apU-00245-00072549-00072867 she has claimed to use magicians tricks
2GY3ea_6apU-00246-00072868-00073250 to advance skepticism she was a founding
2GY3ea_6apU-00247-00073251-00073512 member of the Australian skeptics and
2GY3ea_6apU-00248-00073513-00073706 has spoken at their National Convention
2GY3ea_6apU-00249-00073707-00074511 in 2003 2012 and 2015 in 2004 she was
2GY3ea_6apU-00250-00074512-00074772 awarded the skeptic of the Year title by
2GY3ea_6apU-00251-00074773-00074916 the organization
2GY3ea_6apU-00252-00074917-00075216 Kelly's interest in skepticism derives
2GY3ea_6apU-00253-00075217-00075486 in part from her concern about how fake
2GY3ea_6apU-00254-00075487-00075806 mediums and psychics exploit gullible or
2GY3ea_6apU-00255-00075807-00075968 vulnerable people
2GY3ea_6apU-00256-00075969-00076301 she has criticized television shows
2GY3ea_6apU-00257-00076302-00076593 which present mediums and psychics as a
2GY3ea_6apU-00258-00076594-00076826 fact which in her opinion could
2GY3ea_6apU-00259-00076827-00077075 undermine the understanding of science
2GY3ea_6apU-00260-00077076-00077496 among teenagers Kelly also considers
2GY3ea_6apU-00261-00077497-00077668 that a belief in the supernatural
2GY3ea_6apU-00262-00077669-00077940 prevents people from appreciating
2GY3ea_6apU-00263-00077941-00078149 science and the real wonders of the
2GY3ea_6apU-00264-00078150-00078459 world and causes unnecessary fear in
2GY3ea_6apU-00265-00078460-00078723 young people
2GY3ea_6apU-00266-00078724-00079068 you
2GY3ea_6apU-00267-00079069-00079785 topic cold reading and to romance fee
2GY3ea_6apU-00268-00079786-00080033 Kelly is also known for her
2GY3ea_6apU-00269-00080034-00080286 investigation on psychics and cold
2GY3ea_6apU-00270-00080287-00080615 reading techniques Kelly has
2GY3ea_6apU-00271-00080616-00080826 investigated the methods used by
2GY3ea_6apU-00272-00080827-00081075 psychics to convince their clients of
2GY3ea_6apU-00273-00081076-00081339 their alleged supernatural powers and
2GY3ea_6apU-00274-00081340-00081600 she even experimented performing
2GY3ea_6apU-00275-00081601-00082002 astrology readings she later developed
2GY3ea_6apU-00276-00082003-00082266 her own divination system which she
2GY3ea_6apU-00277-00082267-00082560 named Toro Mansi which she uses to
2GY3ea_6apU-00278-00082561-00082809 debunk psychics by showing how it is
2GY3ea_6apU-00279-00082810-00083043 possible to create an illusion of a
2GY3ea_6apU-00280-00083044-00083274 psychic reading just through psychology
2GY3ea_6apU-00281-00083275-00083577 and by using the clients reactions to
2GY3ea_6apU-00282-00083578-00083910 the readers suggestions her method
2GY3ea_6apU-00283-00083911-00084192 includes objects suggestive of magic
2GY3ea_6apU-00284-00084193-00084450 such as a purported hand written an
2GY3ea_6apU-00285-00084451-00084696 illustrated book with the history of the
2GY3ea_6apU-00286-00084697-00085029 tradition a matte essences rods and
2GY3ea_6apU-00287-00085030-00085320 metal masks Kelly has claimed that the
2GY3ea_6apU-00288-00085321-00085566 effect of a successful reading is so
2GY3ea_6apU-00289-00085567-00085770 powerful that even though she has
2GY3ea_6apU-00290-00085771-00086007 revealed in advance to the customers
2GY3ea_6apU-00291-00086008-00086253 that she is in fact not a real psychic
2GY3ea_6apU-00292-00086254-00086484 they refuse to believe that the
2GY3ea_6apU-00293-00086485-00086739 information and personal details were
2GY3ea_6apU-00294-00086740-00086997 obtained by mere cold reading techniques
2GY3ea_6apU-00295-00086998-00087432 on some occasions Kelly has had to stop
2GY3ea_6apU-00296-00087433-00087657 the reading as the client has become
2GY3ea_6apU-00297-00087658-00087975 extremely emotional with Kelly offering
2GY3ea_6apU-00298-00087976-00088239 counseling instead which she has been
2GY3ea_6apU-00299-00088240-00088593 trained in she has also said that
2GY3ea_6apU-00300-00088594-00088863 intelligent people are easier to read as
2GY3ea_6apU-00301-00088864-00089133 they have a larger pool of references to
2GY3ea_6apU-00302-00089134-00089496 use to respond to her cues in 2003 she
2GY3ea_6apU-00303-00089497-00089787 wrote a novel for young adults titled
2GY3ea_6apU-00304-00089788-00089901 avenging Janie
2GY3ea_6apU-00305-00089902-00090141 which incorporated cold reading and
2GY3ea_6apU-00306-00090142-00090471 occult into the plot the book was
2GY3ea_6apU-00307-00090472-00090837 well-received writer John Marsden said
2GY3ea_6apU-00308-00090838-00091119 of it it's good to be reminded that
2GY3ea_6apU-00309-00091120-00091401 there are still new plots out there and
2GY3ea_6apU-00310-00091402-00091716 writers for young people brave enough to
2GY3ea_6apU-00311-00091717-00091889 take them on
2GY3ea_6apU-00312-00091890-00092259 cold reading expert Ian Roland said it
2GY3ea_6apU-00313-00092260-00092698 really is an amazing piece of work
2GY3ea_6apU-00314-00092699-00093039 you
2GY3ea_6apU-00315-00093040-00093367 topic the skeptics guide to the
2GY3ea_6apU-00316-00093368-00093785 paranormal
2GY3ea_6apU-00317-00093786-00094067 Kelly has also written a book on the
2GY3ea_6apU-00318-00094068-00094343 paranormal from a skeptics point of view
2GY3ea_6apU-00319-00094344-00094697 aimed at a non skeptical audience titled
2GY3ea_6apU-00320-00094698-00095039 the skeptics guide to the paranormal in
2GY3ea_6apU-00321-00095040-00095336 this work kelly explores a range of
2GY3ea_6apU-00322-00095337-00095555 popular claims and stories about
2GY3ea_6apU-00323-00095556-00095864 allegedly paranormal events such as crop
2GY3ea_6apU-00324-00095865-00096160 circles psychic detectives and
2GY3ea_6apU-00325-00096161-00096416 communicating with the dead providing
2GY3ea_6apU-00326-00096417-00096710 plausible scientific explanations for
2GY3ea_6apU-00327-00096711-00097028 each of these phenomena
2GY3ea_6apU-00328-00097029-00097396 you
2GY3ea_6apU-00329-00097397-00098078 topic awards and recognition
2GY3ea_6apU-00330-00098079-00098399 Kelly's book spiders learning to love
2GY3ea_6apU-00331-00098400-00098621 them was awarded a certificate of
2GY3ea_6apU-00332-00098622-00098980 commendation in the natural history
2GY3ea_6apU-00333-00098981-00099383 class of the 2009 Whitley Awards from
2GY3ea_6apU-00334-00099384-00099656 the Royal Zoological Society of New
2GY3ea_6apU-00335-00099657-00099870 South Wales
2GY3ea_6apU-00336-00099871-00100155 she was awarded an arts Victoria
2GY3ea_6apU-00337-00100156-00100506 literary grant for 2015 to develop
2GY3ea_6apU-00338-00100507-00100836 ancient memory spaces a literary
2GY3ea_6apU-00339-00100837-00101172 nonfiction manuscript demonstrating the
2GY3ea_6apU-00340-00101173-00101465 memory techniques used by non literate
2GY3ea_6apU-00341-00101466-00101738 societies to store and share knowledge
2GY3ea_6apU-00342-00101739-00102066 of their culture
2GY3ea_6apU-00343-00102067-00102480 in 2004 she was named the skeptic of the
2GY3ea_6apU-00344-00102481-00102926 Year by the Australian skeptics
2GY3ea_6apU-00345-00102927-00103290 topic bibliography the memory code the
2GY3ea_6apU-00346-00103291-00103566 traditional Aboriginal memory technique
2GY3ea_6apU-00347-00103567-00103824 that unlocks the secrets of Stonehenge
2GY3ea_6apU-00348-00103825-00104130 Easter Island and ancient monuments the
2GY3ea_6apU-00349-00104131-00104604 world over 2016 allen & unwin ISBN nine
2GY3ea_6apU-00350-00104605-00105027 trillion 781 billion seven hundred sixty
2GY3ea_6apU-00351-00105028-00105270 million two hundred ninety one thousand
2GY3ea_6apU-00352-00105271-00105536 three hundred twenty seven for Australia
2GY3ea_6apU-00353-00105538-00105860 and New Zealand in July 2016 and
2GY3ea_6apU-00354-00105861-00106259 February 2017 by Atlantic books in the
2GY3ea_6apU-00355-00106260-00106613 UK and Pegasus books in the USA a
2GY3ea_6apU-00356-00106614-00106910 knowledge and power in prehistoric
2GY3ea_6apU-00357-00106911-00107261 societies orality memory and the
2GY3ea_6apU-00358-00107263-00107640 transmission of culture 2015 cambridge
2GY3ea_6apU-00359-00107641-00108132 university press ISBN 978 one one oh
2GY3ea_6apU-00360-00108133-00108531 seven oh five nine three seven five oclc
2GY3ea_6apU-00361-00108532-00108935 nine 109 three five five seven five
2GY3ea_6apU-00362-00108936-00109431 spider-woman 2013 ham press ISBN nine
2GY3ea_6apU-00363-00109432-00109782 seven eight one nine two two one seven
2GY3ea_6apU-00364-00109783-00110307 two 204 oclc eight five four eight five
2GY3ea_6apU-00365-00110308-00110667 two six two two spiders learning to love
2GY3ea_6apU-00366-00110668-00111156 them 2009 allen & unwin ISBN nine seven
2GY3ea_6apU-00367-00111157-00111498 eight one seven four one seven five one
2GY3ea_6apU-00368-00111499-00111981 seven nine six OCLC eight six five two
2GY3ea_6apU-00369-00111982-00112292 eight eight nine six nine crocodile
2GY3ea_6apU-00370-00112293-00112752 evolutions greatest survivor 2006 allen
2GY3ea_6apU-00371-00112753-00113151 & unwin ISBN nine seven eight one seven
2GY3ea_6apU-00372-00113152-00113556 four one one four four nine eight seven
2GY3ea_6apU-00373-00113557-00113982 oclc one two three four one six nine
2GY3ea_6apU-00374-00113983-00114233 nine seven the skeptics guide to the
2GY3ea_6apU-00375-00114234-00114720 paranormal 2004 allen & unwin ISBN nine
2GY3ea_6apU-00376-00114721-00115058 seven eight one five six oh two five
2GY3ea_6apU-00377-00115059-00115602 seven one 100 CLC six - seven six one
2GY3ea_6apU-00378-00115603-00115983 two six eight avenging Janie 2003
2GY3ea_6apU-00379-00115983-00116190 Lothian ISB
2GY3ea_6apU-00380-00116191-00116475 nine seven eight oh seven three four
2GY3ea_6apU-00381-00116476-00116988 four oh five five two four OCLC one five
2GY3ea_6apU-00382-00116989-00117321 six oh three one nine oh four words and
2GY3ea_6apU-00383-00117322-00117813 images 2002 co-author wizard books ISBN
2GY3ea_6apU-00384-00117814-00118128 one billion eight hundred seventy six
2GY3ea_6apU-00385-00118129-00118350 million three hundred sixty seven
2GY3ea_6apU-00386-00118351-00118629 thousand nine hundred eighty nine motion
2GY3ea_6apU-00387-00118630-00118983 simple concepts in physics two thousand
2GY3ea_6apU-00388-00118983-00119349 one wizard books ISBN one billion eight
2GY3ea_6apU-00389-00119350-00119580 hundred seventy five million seven
2GY3ea_6apU-00390-00119581-00119778 hundred thirty nine thousand three
2GY3ea_6apU-00391-00119779-00120066 hundred fifty one maths wizard two
2GY3ea_6apU-00392-00120067-00120432 thousand wizard books ISBN one billion
2GY3ea_6apU-00393-00120433-00120696 eight hundred seventy six million three
2GY3ea_6apU-00394-00120697-00120903 hundred sixty seven thousand three
2GY3ea_6apU-00395-00120904-00121167 hundred fifty sound and light two
2GY3ea_6apU-00396-00121168-00121542 thousand wizard books ISBN one billion
2GY3ea_6apU-00397-00121543-00121797 eight hundred seventy five million seven
2GY3ea_6apU-00398-00121798-00122043 hundred thirty nine thousand six hundred
2GY3ea_6apU-00399-00122044-00122348 ninety six mathematics by computer
2GY3ea_6apU-00400-00122349-00122880 iteration 1996 wizard books ISBN one
2GY3ea_6apU-00401-00122881-00123096 billion eight hundred seventy five
2GY3ea_6apU-00402-00123097-00123291 million seven hundred thirty nine
2GY3ea_6apU-00403-00123292-00123506 thousand five hundred forty eight
2GY3ea_6apU-00404-00123507-00123809 challenging minds thinking skills and
2GY3ea_6apU-00405-00123810-00124233 enrichment activities 1996 Prufrock
2GY3ea_6apU-00406-00124233-00124583 press ISBN nine seven eight one eight
2GY3ea_6apU-00407-00124584-00125159 eight two six six four 207 lasers 1996
2GY3ea_6apU-00408-00125160-00125607 the right group nuclear technology 1991
2GY3ea_6apU-00409-00125608-00126027 co-author staff publishing ISBN oh nine
2GY3ea_6apU-00410-00126028-00126300 for nine oh four four one eight o
2GY3ea_6apU-00411-00126301-00126733 practical computing 1987 with co-author
2GY3ea_6apU-00412-00126734-00127194 Jacaranda wiley ISBN oh seven oh one six
2GY3ea_6apU-00413-00127195-00127596 two two four two three
2JGWiqA2h2g-00000-00000139-00000416 so ladies and gentlemen let me welcome
2JGWiqA2h2g-00001-00000417-00000620 you to the United States Institute of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00002-00000621-00001241 Peace we are here today to remember we
2JGWiqA2h2g-00003-00001242-00001598 are here today to remember events in
2JGWiqA2h2g-00004-00001599-00001787 particular we're here today to remember
2JGWiqA2h2g-00005-00001788-00002401 events in Crimea five years ago but this
2JGWiqA2h2g-00006-00002402-00002633 is not the only thing that we should be
2JGWiqA2h2g-00007-00002634-00002975 remembering we should remember that this
2JGWiqA2h2g-00008-00002976-00003224 is also this year is the 75th
2JGWiqA2h2g-00009-00003225-00003584 anniversary of Stalin's deportation of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00010-00003585-00003679 Crimean Tatars
2JGWiqA2h2g-00011-00003680-00003922 from their homeland we should remember
2JGWiqA2h2g-00012-00003923-00004352 that this is the 79th anniversary of the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00013-00004353-00004658 wels declaration that everyone in this
2JGWiqA2h2g-00014-00004659-00004861 room remembers the the United States
2JGWiqA2h2g-00015-00004862-00005095 said they wouldn't we would never accept
2JGWiqA2h2g-00016-00005096-00005365 the illegal annexation of the Baltics
2JGWiqA2h2g-00017-00005366-00005776 this is the 81st anniversary of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00018-00005777-00006158 Germany's invasion illegal annexation of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00019-00006159-00006742 Austria these events challenged the the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00020-00006743-00007163 world order that we have come to expect
2JGWiqA2h2g-00021-00007164-00007478 in particular five years ago the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00022-00007479-00007720 invasion illegal invasion of Crimea
2JGWiqA2h2g-00023-00007720-00007934 violated the world order that had kept
2JGWiqA2h2g-00024-00007934-00008159 the peace in Europe among major powers
2JGWiqA2h2g-00025-00008159-00008441 for for seventy years so this is an
2JGWiqA2h2g-00026-00008442-00008783 important opportunity to remember today
2JGWiqA2h2g-00027-00008784-00009002 we'll have an opportunity to listen to
2JGWiqA2h2g-00028-00009003-00009362 speakers who have lived this these
2JGWiqA2h2g-00029-00009363-00009656 events and and then we'll have an
2JGWiqA2h2g-00030-00009657-00009977 opportunity to have a conversation among
2JGWiqA2h2g-00031-00009978-00010217 analysts and thinkers and former
2JGWiqA2h2g-00032-00010218-00010544 officials of these events and we'll have
2JGWiqA2h2g-00033-00010545-00010745 an opportunity for you to ask questions
2JGWiqA2h2g-00034-00010746-00011167 and and remind us of yours as well so
2JGWiqA2h2g-00035-00011168-00011555 let me again as the executive vice
2JGWiqA2h2g-00036-00011556-00011653 president here at the Institute of Peace
2JGWiqA2h2g-00037-00011654-00011816 Bill Taylor I'm welcoming you
2JGWiqA2h2g-00038-00011817-00012146 but ambassador charlie
2JGWiqA2h2g-00039-00012147-00012330 the Ukrainian bastard here the United
2JGWiqA2h2g-00040-00012331-00012534 States will also welcome you ambassador
2JGWiqA2h2g-00041-00012535-00013352 Charlie please take statement
2JGWiqA2h2g-00042-00013353-00013653 excellences moderators and panelists
2JGWiqA2h2g-00043-00013654-00013863 ladies and gentlemen it's my great
2JGWiqA2h2g-00044-00013863-00014016 pleasure to welcome you to this very
2JGWiqA2h2g-00045-00014016-00014202 important event and I would say very
2JGWiqA2h2g-00046-00014203-00014505 timely event exactly these days 40 years
2JGWiqA2h2g-00047-00014506-00014747 ago my country was occupied by
2JGWiqA2h2g-00048-00014748-00015150 neighboring country and I just some
2JGWiqA2h2g-00049-00015151-00015408 emotion about that we have you are not
2JGWiqA2h2g-00050-00015409-00015702 predicted that friends can be enemies as
2JGWiqA2h2g-00051-00015703-00015950 now Russian leadership scrapped Ukraine
2JGWiqA2h2g-00052-00015951-00016281 I want to express my deepest
2JGWiqA2h2g-00053-00016282-00016431 appreciation to ambassador William
2JGWiqA2h2g-00054-00016432-00016650 Taylor is that it was president of the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00055-00016651-00016827 u.s. Institute of Peace and ambassador
2JGWiqA2h2g-00056-00016828-00017142 Jones John Herbst Atlantic Council for
2JGWiqA2h2g-00057-00017143-00017415 Bernard this event and my sincere
2JGWiqA2h2g-00058-00017416-00017718 gratitude for or to our panelists for
2JGWiqA2h2g-00059-00017719-00017961 taking time out from their busy schedule
2JGWiqA2h2g-00060-00017962-00018210 and grass in today meeting we really
2JGWiqA2h2g-00061-00018211-00018378 appreciate that we understand time
2JGWiqA2h2g-00062-00018379-00018828 Gordon and he'll now Jam the intelligent
2JGWiqA2h2g-00063-00018829-00019056 in the United States but keeping focused
2JGWiqA2h2g-00064-00019057-00019419 on Ukraine's the right sink because you
2JGWiqA2h2g-00065-00019420-00019722 know that since February 2014 Ukraine a
2JGWiqA2h2g-00066-00019723-00019897 founding member of the United Nations
2JGWiqA2h2g-00067-00019898-00020150 has been facing Russian military
2JGWiqA2h2g-00068-00020151-00020559 aggression as a result of these hostile
2JGWiqA2h2g-00069-00020560-00020703 actions parts of the sovereign territory
2JGWiqA2h2g-00070-00020704-00020975 of Ukraine the outer nodes Republic of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00071-00020976-00021203 Crimea remain on the temporary foreign
2JGWiqA2h2g-00072-00021204-00021417 occupation in violation of the charter
2JGWiqA2h2g-00073-00021418-00021789 of the United Nations and all delegation
2JGWiqA2h2g-00074-00021790-00022188 that's come and by the way I'm happy
2JGWiqA2h2g-00075-00022189-00022380 that we have a big delegation from
2JGWiqA2h2g-00076-00022381-00022697 Camille Attar's from Ukraine and from
2JGWiqA2h2g-00077-00022698-00023139 the United States we remember that it's
2JGWiqA2h2g-00078-00023140-00023331 not only about Crimean Tatar it's not
2JGWiqA2h2g-00079-00023332-00023580 about Ukraine it's about international
2JGWiqA2h2g-00080-00023581-00024027 order and these five years we hear many
2JGWiqA2h2g-00081-00024028-00024247 times from Russia
2JGWiqA2h2g-00082-00024248-00024492 beginning from green man's and after
2JGWiqA2h2g-00083-00024493-00024860 that there's no occupation it's
2JGWiqA2h2g-00084-00024861-00025217 in Crimea but finally day before
2JGWiqA2h2g-00085-00025218-00025739 yesterday who's checked this Russian
2JGWiqA2h2g-00086-00025739-00026011 activity and President Putin activity
2JGWiqA2h2g-00087-00026012-00026612 action of mentioned that Putin president
2JGWiqA2h2g-00088-00026613-00026926 of Russian of the Russian Federation
2JGWiqA2h2g-00089-00026927-00027241 orchestrated this special operation
2JGWiqA2h2g-00090-00027242-00027620 that's it so very openly everything
2JGWiqA2h2g-00091-00027620-00027869 confirmed finally we understand how this
2JGWiqA2h2g-00092-00027870-00028177 happened and as you're aware of the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00093-00028179-00028414 cease Crimea now has become a territory
2JGWiqA2h2g-00094-00028416-00028816 for violation of human rights and
2JGWiqA2h2g-00095-00028817-00029024 peninsular the fact that becomes the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00096-00029025-00029291 core sport not only in the sense that it
2JGWiqA2h2g-00097-00029292-00029507 illegally annexed but that is a threat
2JGWiqA2h2g-00098-00029508-00029764 of European security in the Black Sea
2JGWiqA2h2g-00099-00029766-00030152 region and much wider the number of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00100-00030152-00030364 troops that Russia has deploy in the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00101-00030366-00030599 occupied Crimea exceeds even the level
2JGWiqA2h2g-00102-00030600-00030758 of the Soviet military presence on the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00103-00030758-00031069 peninsula when a cat of leader of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00104-00031070-00031408 Mentalist Mustafa ignatov mentioned here
2JGWiqA2h2g-00105-00031410-00031627 to the two years ago this Russian plan
2JGWiqA2h2g-00106-00031629-00031898 to deploy nuclear weapons Infineon saw
2JGWiqA2h2g-00107-00031899-00032273 frankly not even trusted but now we know
2JGWiqA2h2g-00108-00032274-00032488 that they're fully prepared for that and
2JGWiqA2h2g-00109-00032489-00032870 that's another threat for global
2JGWiqA2h2g-00110-00032871-00033074 international order for security and
2JGWiqA2h2g-00111-00033075-00033371 Black Sea region it's about not not
2JGWiqA2h2g-00112-00033372-00033830 about only Black Sea region new
2JGWiqA2h2g-00113-00033831-00033974 situation very vulnerable situation
2JGWiqA2h2g-00114-00033975-00034267 because many countries in the region
2JGWiqA2h2g-00115-00034268-00034490 really concerned about the future
2JGWiqA2h2g-00116-00034491-00035012 development and Russian behavior Russia
2JGWiqA2h2g-00117-00035013-00035348 still use neutral forces like a final
2JGWiqA2h2g-00118-00035349-00035567 argument and that's not the right way
2JGWiqA2h2g-00119-00035568-00036005 how to restore peace and how to work in
2JGWiqA2h2g-00120-00036006-00036560 the 21st century our response should be
2JGWiqA2h2g-00121-00036561-00036875 must be the multinational response we
2JGWiqA2h2g-00122-00036876-00037034 are grateful to our partners for their
2JGWiqA2h2g-00123-00037035-00037202 strong support of sovereignty and
2JGWiqA2h2g-00124-00037203-00037442 territorial integrity of Ukraine for the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00125-00037443-00037724 a unity and solidarity results including
2JGWiqA2h2g-00126-00037725-00037976 sanctions falls in the Crimea
2JGWiqA2h2g-00127-00037977-00038091 declaration release
2JGWiqA2h2g-00128-00038092-00038520 by secretary Pompeo on 24th July 2018 is
2JGWiqA2h2g-00129-00038521-00038700 an example of strategic partnership
2JGWiqA2h2g-00130-00038701-00038853 between the two states
2JGWiqA2h2g-00131-00038854-00039132 I really appreciate all the team not
2JGWiqA2h2g-00132-00039133-00039399 only in State Department and all the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00133-00039400-00039591 agencies who support strongly support
2JGWiqA2h2g-00134-00039592-00039989 such a position and I also appreciate
2JGWiqA2h2g-00135-00039990-00040295 position all the countries of the world
2JGWiqA2h2g-00136-00040296-00040589 ambassadors many of this country here
2JGWiqA2h2g-00137-00040590-00040968 for strong support of that absolutely
2JGWiqA2h2g-00138-00040969-00041154 right the core international opposition
2JGWiqA2h2g-00139-00041155-00041469 we applaud the u.s. resolve in urgent
2JGWiqA2h2g-00140-00041470-00041613 the Russian Federation to respect
2JGWiqA2h2g-00141-00041614-00041793 international law and restore the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00142-00041794-00041991 territorial integrity of Ukraine we are
2JGWiqA2h2g-00143-00041992-00042204 also deeply deeply grateful to the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00144-00042205-00042393 United States for his practical
2JGWiqA2h2g-00145-00042394-00042612 assistance in countering Russia's
2JGWiqA2h2g-00146-00042613-00042903 aggression against Ukraine let me once
2JGWiqA2h2g-00147-00042904-00043209 again express my gratitude to all of you
2JGWiqA2h2g-00148-00043210-00043616 ladies and gentlemen and especially
2JGWiqA2h2g-00149-00043617-00043926 panelists once again and all
2JGWiqA2h2g-00150-00043927-00044106 participants for your involvement and
2JGWiqA2h2g-00151-00044107-00044370 contribution to the discussion today in
2JGWiqA2h2g-00152-00044371-00044631 conclusion let me reiterate my sincere
2JGWiqA2h2g-00153-00044632-00044802 hope that this event will result in
2JGWiqA2h2g-00154-00044803-00045009 success and soon we will witness our
2JGWiqA2h2g-00155-00045010-00045246 launch abating goal the occupation of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00156-00045247-00045510 Crimea releasing political prisoners and
2JGWiqA2h2g-00157-00045511-00045780 restoring the global international order
2JGWiqA2h2g-00158-00045781-00046175 without releasing our 24 guys who is now
2JGWiqA2h2g-00159-00046176-00046401 presidents of war can you imagine
2JGWiqA2h2g-00160-00046402-00046739 21st century two countries live together
2JGWiqA2h2g-00161-00046740-00047037 in a very good relationship for a long
2JGWiqA2h2g-00162-00047038-00047334 time and now we have prisoners of war we
2JGWiqA2h2g-00163-00047335-00047541 can imagine that so we need your support
2JGWiqA2h2g-00164-00047542-00047772 we will fight we will fight for our
2JGWiqA2h2g-00165-00047773-00047919 freedom we will fight for our
2JGWiqA2h2g-00166-00047920-00048159 sovereignty we will fight together great
2JGWiqA2h2g-00167-00048160-00048408 with screaming and Tatars they will not
2JGWiqA2h2g-00168-00048409-00048735 undermine us inside the country during
2JGWiqA2h2g-00169-00048736-00049011 election they will not prevail because
2JGWiqA2h2g-00170-00049012-00049245 we have strong army we have very
2JGWiqA2h2g-00171-00049246-00049623 motivated people and for sure we will
2JGWiqA2h2g-00172-00049624-00049893 bring back Crimea in the future but now
2JGWiqA2h2g-00173-00049894-00050277 we need be united because without our
2JGWiqA2h2g-00174-00050278-00050627 unity you will face this behavior this
2JGWiqA2h2g-00175-00050628-00050916 aggressive behavior this attack around
2JGWiqA2h2g-00176-00050917-00051190 the globe especially in Europe where
2JGWiqA2h2g-00177-00051191-00051342 very important region fall of our
2JGWiqA2h2g-00178-00051344-00051688 country and now I have a privilege to
2JGWiqA2h2g-00179-00051689-00051949 introduce a municipal Jepara office
2JGWiqA2h2g-00180-00051950-00052162 deputy minister of internal information
2JGWiqA2h2g-00181-00052163-00052399 policy of Ukraine who has just came from
2JGWiqA2h2g-00182-00052400-00052909 give to join us today and also two
2JGWiqA2h2g-00183-00052910-00053320 deputy heads of Midgley's Crimean Tatars
2JGWiqA2h2g-00184-00053321-00053979 a leadership mister she goes and we will
2JGWiqA2h2g-00185-00053980-00054409 hear from them and finally I wanted to
2JGWiqA2h2g-00186-00054410-00054642 say that I will not go in details I
2JGWiqA2h2g-00187-00054644-00054886 think they will provide you the very
2JGWiqA2h2g-00188-00054887-00055126 fresh information and their perception
2JGWiqA2h2g-00189-00055127-00055429 of the situation and now I would like to
2JGWiqA2h2g-00190-00055429-00055765 ask first deputy minister of information
2JGWiqA2h2g-00191-00055766-00055957 all set to take the floor how many of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00192-00055958-00056023 the floor is yours
2JGWiqA2h2g-00193-00056024-00056284 and I thank you
2JGWiqA2h2g-00194-00056285-00057426 [Applause]
2JGWiqA2h2g-00195-00057427-00057766 headless dibala Sahara - Lord this is
2JGWiqA2h2g-00196-00057766-00058075 the way how we greet each other in a
2JGWiqA2h2g-00197-00058076-00058254 Crimean taro language which means good
2JGWiqA2h2g-00198-00058255-00058453 morning dear friends dear ladies and
2JGWiqA2h2g-00199-00058454-00058684 gentlemen excellences ambassadors it's a
2JGWiqA2h2g-00200-00058685-00058861 really great honor and pleasure for me
2JGWiqA2h2g-00201-00058862-00059154 to stand up here and to speak in front
2JGWiqA2h2g-00202-00059155-00059374 of you not only in the capacity of the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00203-00059375-00059641 first deputy minister but mainly as the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00204-00059641-00059839 active participant of the resistance
2JGWiqA2h2g-00205-00059840-00060108 that we had five years ago it's always
2JGWiqA2h2g-00206-00060109-00060330 emotional and difficult to speak about
2JGWiqA2h2g-00207-00060332-00060478 something that you're emotionally
2JGWiqA2h2g-00208-00060479-00060748 attached to and as a former journalist
2JGWiqA2h2g-00209-00060749-00061000 being at the very core of that events
2JGWiqA2h2g-00210-00061001-00061162 happened five years ago I want to share
2JGWiqA2h2g-00211-00061163-00061600 as let's say the first intervention a
2JGWiqA2h2g-00212-00061601-00061738 very personal story of mine that
2JGWiqA2h2g-00213-00061739-00061945 happened five years ago the very day of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00214-00061946-00062173 the so called favorite fake referendum
2JGWiqA2h2g-00215-00062174-00062509 16th of March when in the room where the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00216-00062510-00062638 representatives of the so-called
2JGWiqA2h2g-00217-00062639-00062944 Election Commission were speaking up and
2JGWiqA2h2g-00218-00062945-00063214 delivering the numbers of the results of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00219-00063215-00063429 the so-called vote and there was a very
2JGWiqA2h2g-00220-00063430-00063673 the rule was overcrowded it was full of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00221-00063674-00063895 many foreign journalists cameramen
2JGWiqA2h2g-00222-00063896-00064198 tripods experts observers and there was
2JGWiqA2h2g-00223-00064199-00064416 a very tiny pests narrow paths to the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00224-00064417-00064750 scene where the results will have been
2JGWiqA2h2g-00225-00064751-00065044 vocally and a huge man with the t-short
2JGWiqA2h2g-00226-00065045-00065304 inscripted russia came up to that very
2JGWiqA2h2g-00227-00065305-00065560 pest put his tripod his camera on the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00228-00065561-00065773 top and started filming and a foreign
2JGWiqA2h2g-00229-00065774-00065983 journalist barely speaking Russian came
2JGWiqA2h2g-00230-00065984-00066217 up to him and kindly requested him to
2JGWiqA2h2g-00231-00066218-00066370 move a little bit aside so that he would
2JGWiqA2h2g-00232-00066371-00066637 not block the pass and the response of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00233-00066638-00066886 that huge man was very blunt and rude he
2JGWiqA2h2g-00234-00066887-00067084 said this is my country now and don't
2JGWiqA2h2g-00235-00067085-00067288 you dare to tell me where should I or
2JGWiqA2h2g-00236-00067289-00067528 should not put my camera and film and I
2JGWiqA2h2g-00237-00067529-00067792 was just in a mirror behind silently
2JGWiqA2h2g-00238-00067793-00068023 witnessing that episode you know and
2JGWiqA2h2g-00239-00068024-00068269 kind of in that very moment I realized
2JGWiqA2h2g-00240-00068270-00068467 what actually happened to my homeland
2JGWiqA2h2g-00241-00068468-00068716 Crimea and how Russia would act in
2JGWiqA2h2g-00242-00068717-00068956 Crimea and I was not mistaken because
2JGWiqA2h2g-00243-00068957-00069187 the reality that has been demonstrated
2JGWiqA2h2g-00244-00069188-00069478 as a rosy life happily ever after with
2JGWiqA2h2g-00245-00069479-00069772 in Russian reality is the fake and I'd
2JGWiqA2h2g-00246-00069773-00069943 like to also and I'm very happy that
2JGWiqA2h2g-00247-00069944-00070126 we're gonna have the speakers from
2JGWiqA2h2g-00248-00070127-00070330 Crimea like Nariman Jalal of hist the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00249-00070331-00070573 deputy head of Majlis he lives in Crimea
2JGWiqA2h2g-00250-00070574-00070747 he's the very voice of that resist
2JGWiqA2h2g-00251-00070748-00070957 and he will bring you you know the very
2JGWiqA2h2g-00252-00070958-00071224 fresh information he is the first hand
2JGWiqA2h2g-00253-00071225-00071413 source information about what Crimea is
2JGWiqA2h2g-00254-00071414-00071671 today and the action actually the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00255-00071672-00071857 questions that I started to ask myself
2JGWiqA2h2g-00256-00071858-00072226 as finding Crimea to be the very litmus
2JGWiqA2h2g-00257-00072227-00072475 paper of the world's helplessness on how
2JGWiqA2h2g-00258-00072476-00072643 to stop the Russian aggression five
2JGWiqA2h2g-00259-00072644-00072849 years ago and I'm still asking myself
2JGWiqA2h2g-00260-00072850-00073141 why the country that has been bringing
2JGWiqA2h2g-00261-00073142-00073324 destruction to the whole world
2JGWiqA2h2g-00262-00073325-00073645 you know performing Syrian war starting
2JGWiqA2h2g-00263-00073646-00073942 the war in Donbass occupying illegally
2JGWiqA2h2g-00264-00073943-00074344 Crimea performing Salisbury a chemical
2JGWiqA2h2g-00265-00074345-00074689 weapon testing downing mh17 with almost
2JGWiqA2h2g-00266-00074690-00074917 300 passengers on the board is still
2JGWiqA2h2g-00267-00074918-00075151 believed to negotiate so we believe that
2JGWiqA2h2g-00268-00075152-00075316 we're still dancing a tango with an
2JGWiqA2h2g-00269-00075317-00075565 aggressor and I believe that the UN
2JGWiqA2h2g-00270-00075566-00075805 Security Council permanent member cannot
2JGWiqA2h2g-00271-00075806-00076003 act like a terrorist state and
2JGWiqA2h2g-00272-00076004-00076258 unfortunately we have to admit that this
2JGWiqA2h2g-00273-00076259-00076510 country is not the country that it used
2JGWiqA2h2g-00274-00076511-00076729 to be the regime that is there is
2JGWiqA2h2g-00275-00076730-00077086 something that actually violates the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00276-00077087-00077295 very principle of international order
2JGWiqA2h2g-00277-00077296-00077647 democracy human rights and many more so
2JGWiqA2h2g-00278-00077648-00078121 just as I'd like to share what Crimea is
2JGWiqA2h2g-00279-00078122-00078349 today in numbers I would now go into
2JGWiqA2h2g-00280-00078350-00078532 details but I will give you just some
2JGWiqA2h2g-00281-00078533-00078982 simple few numbers and they are thorny
2JGWiqA2h2g-00282-00078983-00079260 in that rosy picture beautiful life
2JGWiqA2h2g-00283-00079261-00079573 44,000 square kilometers 7% of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00284-00079574-00079735 acquaintances territory is under
2JGWiqA2h2g-00285-00079736-00080061 occupation Russian aggression has left
2JGWiqA2h2g-00286-00080062-00080343 13,000 people killed and more than
2JGWiqA2h2g-00287-00080344-00080863 28,000 people wounded 1.5 million like
2JGWiqA2h2g-00288-00080864-00081094 myself I defeat eternally displaced
2JGWiqA2h2g-00289-00081095-00081799 persons lost their homes 8787 half
2JGWiqA2h2g-00290-00081800-00082000 thousand military personnel Russian
2JGWiqA2h2g-00291-00082001-00082264 armed forces are displaced along the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00292-00082265-00082543 Ukrainian border only in Crimea Russia
2JGWiqA2h2g-00293-00082544-00082786 has deployed up to thirty four thirty
2JGWiqA2h2g-00294-00082787-00082948 two point five thousand military
2JGWiqA2h2g-00295-00082949-00083329 personnel 88 artillery system 52
2JGWiqA2h2g-00296-00083330-00083626 multiple launch rocket system 372
2JGWiqA2h2g-00297-00083627-00084025 armored combat vehicles 113 warplane
2JGWiqA2h2g-00298-00084026-00084262 sixty two combat helicopters as well as
2JGWiqA2h2g-00299-00084263-00084547 six combat ships and six submarine ships
2JGWiqA2h2g-00300-00084548-00084744 equipped with C launch cruise missile
2JGWiqA2h2g-00301-00084745-00084973 caliber and this is much more than the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00302-00084974-00085119 military potential of many European
2JGWiqA2h2g-00303-00085120-00085419 countries eight conscription campaigns
2JGWiqA2h2g-00304-00085420-00085771 since 3 2015 held Crimea with a bit less
2JGWiqA2h2g-00305-00085772-00086076 than 15,000 Ukrainian citizens illegally
2JGWiqA2h2g-00306-00086077-00086323 went through the military service of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00307-00086324-00086653 Russian Armed Forces the Sea of Azov has
2JGWiqA2h2g-00308-00086654-00086913 in fact turned into the inner lake of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00309-00086914-00087211 Russian Federation 22 detained Ukrainian
2JGWiqA2h2g-00310-00087212-00087484 sailors are the physical evidence of the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00311-00087485-00087724 security threat in Black Sea and C&L of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00312-00087725-00088044 Azov by occupying Crimea Russia has
2JGWiqA2h2g-00313-00088045-00088378 violated 407 bilateral and 80
2JGWiqA2h2g-00314-00088379-00088746 multilateral agreements with Russia only
2JGWiqA2h2g-00315-00088747-00089104 318 children attend Ukrainian classes in
2JGWiqA2h2g-00316-00089105-00089461 Russian schools instead of almost 13,000
2JGWiqA2h2g-00317-00089462-00089688 children in seven Ukrainian schools
2JGWiqA2h2g-00318-00089689-00090118 before 2014 almost 80 Ukrainian citizens
2JGWiqA2h2g-00319-00090119-00090496 are imprisoned 130 children are raised
2JGWiqA2h2g-00320-00090497-00090823 without their fathers Freedom House
2JGWiqA2h2g-00321-00090824-00091111 reports freedom of speech index in
2JGWiqA2h2g-00322-00091112-00091300 Crimea has fallen to one of the lowest
2JGWiqA2h2g-00323-00091301-00091743 in the world since 2014 19 4 points out
2JGWiqA2h2g-00324-00091744-00092023 of 100 point scale where 100 is the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00325-00092024-00092455 worst Index 2.5 Ukrainian City million
2JGWiqA2h2g-00326-00092456-00092656 of Ukrainian citizens in Crimea and more
2JGWiqA2h2g-00327-00092657-00092881 than 80,000 hundred of Ukrainian
2JGWiqA2h2g-00328-00092882-00093069 citizens in thousand Harrison region
2JGWiqA2h2g-00329-00093070-00093396 lost access to TV and radio radio signal
2JGWiqA2h2g-00330-00093397-00093606 Russia has been illegally using
2JGWiqA2h2g-00331-00093607-00093871 Ukrainian TV and radio frequencies to
2JGWiqA2h2g-00332-00093872-00094096 broadcast as propaganda and to create
2JGWiqA2h2g-00333-00094097-00094405 this beautiful life so if you're an
2JGWiqA2h2g-00334-00094406-00094563 average person and even if you travel to
2JGWiqA2h2g-00335-00094564-00094788 Crimea today I know that you will
2JGWiqA2h2g-00336-00094789-00094996 perhaps be impressed by the actively
2JGWiqA2h2g-00337-00094997-00095179 build up infrastructure the very
2JGWiqA2h2g-00338-00095180-00095443 physical symbol of the Russian you
2JGWiqA2h2g-00339-00095444-00095740 reunite the Kerch bridge you will see
2JGWiqA2h2g-00340-00095741-00096126 the build up airport hospital prison the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00341-00096127-00096463 roads but actually another reality in
2JGWiqA2h2g-00342-00096464-00096742 that Kingdom of distorted mirrors that
2JGWiqA2h2g-00343-00096743-00097015 is about women can't been scared to talk
2JGWiqA2h2g-00344-00097016-00097273 is something that you may perhaps not
2JGWiqA2h2g-00345-00097274-00097362 feel even if
2JGWiqA2h2g-00346-00097363-00097775 spend a week or two in Crimea another
2JGWiqA2h2g-00347-00097776-00097976 issue I'd like to speak a little bit is
2JGWiqA2h2g-00348-00097977-00098271 why Crimean Tatars are actually the bone
2JGWiqA2h2g-00349-00098272-00098505 in the throat of the occupation why are
2JGWiqA2h2g-00350-00098506-00098736 they today disproportionally repressed
2JGWiqA2h2g-00351-00098737-00099074 in Crimea it's not because they were one
2JGWiqA2h2g-00352-00099075-00099273 of the most vocal voice of the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00353-00099274-00099573 resistance in 2014 not only because they
2JGWiqA2h2g-00354-00099574-00099869 boycotted the very referendum in March
2JGWiqA2h2g-00355-00099870-00100272 2016 not only because they raised and
2JGWiqA2h2g-00356-00100273-00100473 coordinated the you pro-ukrainian
2JGWiqA2h2g-00357-00100474-00100740 rallies or in Simferopol and throughout
2JGWiqA2h2g-00358-00100741-00100913 Crimea but also because there is this
2JGWiqA2h2g-00359-00100914-00101213 history perhaps all of you know this the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00360-00101214-00101403 biggest narrative of Russian propaganda
2JGWiqA2h2g-00361-00101404-00101687 that Crimea is the native land of Russia
2JGWiqA2h2g-00362-00101688-00101922 so Crimean terrorists by the very fact
2JGWiqA2h2g-00363-00101923-00102194 of their ethno janilla of the history of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00364-00102195-00102498 their language culture they destroy this
2JGWiqA2h2g-00365-00102499-00102557 myth
2JGWiqA2h2g-00366-00102558-00102809 I remember my story when I was a
2JGWiqA2h2g-00367-00102810-00103002 seven-year-old child I attended the very
2JGWiqA2h2g-00368-00103003-00103188 core of the Crimean Tatar culture the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00369-00103189-00103398 Hans Palace which is in Baku Sarai which
2JGWiqA2h2g-00370-00103399-00103730 is today by the way under the facade of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00371-00103731-00104022 reconstruction is being destroyed and we
2JGWiqA2h2g-00372-00104023-00104210 spent one and a half hour attending
2JGWiqA2h2g-00373-00104211-00104393 different rooms of Hans Palace and a
2JGWiqA2h2g-00374-00104394-00104603 Russian language Russian speaking guide
2JGWiqA2h2g-00375-00104604-00104879 she was telling us everything about
2JGWiqA2h2g-00376-00104880-00105147 Catherine the second her glory where she
2JGWiqA2h2g-00377-00105148-00105381 put the tree I mean and nothing about
2JGWiqA2h2g-00378-00105382-00105533 Crimean Tatars and as you can and as a
2JGWiqA2h2g-00379-00105534-00105902 child I you know surprisingly asked my
2JGWiqA2h2g-00380-00105903-00106173 parents after said oh when are we going
2JGWiqA2h2g-00381-00106174-00106328 to hear something about Crimean Tatars
2JGWiqA2h2g-00382-00106329-00106707 so this is actually this huge false
2JGWiqA2h2g-00383-00106708-00107124 history of Russian propaganda that there
2JGWiqA2h2g-00384-00107125-00107408 is a Greek period of Russian history and
2JGWiqA2h2g-00385-00107408-00107682 the Russian history and nothing in
2JGWiqA2h2g-00386-00107683-00107915 between so they prefer not to speak
2JGWiqA2h2g-00387-00107916-00108072 about Crimean Tatar culture about the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00388-00108073-00108353 Crimean Tatar khaganate and the thing is
2JGWiqA2h2g-00389-00108354-00108611 that actually started 300 years ago the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00390-00108613-00108764 repression of crimeans other people as
2JGWiqA2h2g-00391-00108765-00108975 indigenous people is with the first
2JGWiqA2h2g-00392-00108976-00109269 annexation that happened in 1783 when
2JGWiqA2h2g-00393-00109270-00109602 catherine ii annexed Crimea and all
2JGWiqA2h2g-00394-00109603-00109827 Crimean Tatars who were not ready to bow
2JGWiqA2h2g-00395-00109828-00110052 and to accept Russia and there were so
2JGWiqA2h2g-00396-00110053-00110315 many they were repressed or exiled
2JGWiqA2h2g-00397-00110316-00110664 within 100 years after almost one third
2JGWiqA2h2g-00398-00110665-00110716 of try
2JGWiqA2h2g-00399-00110717-00110896 our indigenous population they had to
2JGWiqA2h2g-00400-00110897-00111208 migrate so they mostly left Crimea to
2JGWiqA2h2g-00401-00111208-00111421 Ottoman Empire current Turkish Republic
2JGWiqA2h2g-00402-00111422-00111759 today the second pillar of that destroy
2JGWiqA2h2g-00403-00111760-00112189 or genocide happened in 1944 18th of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00404-00112190-00112528 March when crimean tatar men were
2JGWiqA2h2g-00405-00112529-00112789 fighting within the Red Army and Crimean
2JGWiqA2h2g-00406-00112790-00113089 Tatars seniors children and women they
2JGWiqA2h2g-00407-00113090-00113269 were put in the cattle-shed wagons and
2JGWiqA2h2g-00408-00113270-00113566 exile to mostly Pakistan and this was an
2JGWiqA2h2g-00409-00113567-00113920 act of genocide because 42.7% of Crimean
2JGWiqA2h2g-00410-00113921-00114238 Tatars they died in exile or a couple of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00411-00114239-00114496 years after the exile and this actually
2JGWiqA2h2g-00412-00114497-00114684 brought Crimean Tatars to the very risk
2JGWiqA2h2g-00413-00114685-00114919 of physical existence and there was this
2JGWiqA2h2g-00414-00114920-00115198 whole period of Soviet reality when
2JGWiqA2h2g-00415-00115199-00115501 Crimean Tatars were more resistant to
2JGWiqA2h2g-00416-00115502-00115732 the Soviet regime when many of Crimean
2JGWiqA2h2g-00417-00115733-00115855 Tatars were put in the prison just
2JGWiqA2h2g-00418-00115856-00116119 because they wanted to have their right
2JGWiqA2h2g-00419-00116120-00116389 to return home which was possible only
2JGWiqA2h2g-00420-00116390-00116689 after the independence of Ukraine and in
2JGWiqA2h2g-00421-00116690-00116998 2014 this whole story repeat and of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00422-00116999-00117100 course Crimean Tatars
2JGWiqA2h2g-00423-00117101-00117376 by the very fact of the history could
2JGWiqA2h2g-00424-00117377-00117574 not support Russian reality and that's
2JGWiqA2h2g-00425-00117575-00117858 why this is exactly why they started and
2JGWiqA2h2g-00426-00117859-00118318 became the most an utmost vocal voice of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00427-00118319-00118560 resistance and of course the final
2JGWiqA2h2g-00428-00118561-00118758 question I wanna raise is what more
2JGWiqA2h2g-00429-00118759-00119005 should be done what could we do of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00430-00119006-00119160 course and I'd like to share and I'd
2JGWiqA2h2g-00431-00119161-00119332 like to actually think on behalf of the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00432-00119333-00119695 Ukrainian government the us the civil
2JGWiqA2h2g-00433-00119696-00119926 society the government for the huge and
2JGWiqA2h2g-00434-00119927-00120106 immense support that we have the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00435-00120107-00120277 financial support of the Ukrainian army
2JGWiqA2h2g-00436-00120278-00120558 the support of the reforms that we have
2JGWiqA2h2g-00437-00120559-00120754 I know it's quite difficult and I really
2JGWiqA2h2g-00438-00120755-00120943 want to assure you that my country is
2JGWiqA2h2g-00439-00120944-00121258 doing its best to perform better reforms
2JGWiqA2h2g-00440-00121258-00121414 I know it's quite tough I know that we
2JGWiqA2h2g-00441-00121415-00121531 have the biggest challenge to fight
2JGWiqA2h2g-00442-00121532-00121750 corruption but I think that the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00443-00121751-00121954 generation of mine and this is something
2JGWiqA2h2g-00444-00121955-00122113 that what not was not possible by the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00445-00122114-00122383 way before 2014 the appointment of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00446-00122383-00122563 crimean terra young woman as the first
2JGWiqA2h2g-00447-00122564-00122731 deputy minister in the ukrainian
2JGWiqA2h2g-00448-00122732-00122947 government also as a criteria of that my
2JGWiqA2h2g-00449-00122948-00123159 country has been changing and i believe
2JGWiqA2h2g-00450-00123160-00123313 that we also have to be more proactive
2JGWiqA2h2g-00451-00123314-00123667 because if we speak about Crimea
2JGWiqA2h2g-00452-00123668-00123892 it's like radiation you know it's a
2JGWiqA2h2g-00453-00123893-00124014 cognitive war that
2JGWiqA2h2g-00454-00124015-00124215 even though there is no military actions
2JGWiqA2h2g-00455-00124216-00124431 within Crimea but it's something that
2JGWiqA2h2g-00456-00124432-00124656 they are trying to show the fact reality
2JGWiqA2h2g-00457-00124657-00124866 about that people are happy with Russia
2JGWiqA2h2g-00458-00124867-00125100 that the whole international community
2JGWiqA2h2g-00459-00125101-00125532 is ok and you accepted the Russian
2JGWiqA2h2g-00460-00125533-00125865 occupation so they are trying to let's
2JGWiqA2h2g-00461-00125866-00126063 say involve people into the acceptance
2JGWiqA2h2g-00462-00126064-00126294 of the very fact of Russian reality and
2JGWiqA2h2g-00463-00126295-00126501 in this regard I think we have to start
2JGWiqA2h2g-00464-00126502-00126768 thinking of the D occupation formula
2JGWiqA2h2g-00465-00126769-00126993 even though I know it's a long way if it
2JGWiqA2h2g-00466-00126994-00127314 goes to the international justice and
2JGWiqA2h2g-00467-00127315-00127574 order we will not get Crimea back that
2JGWiqA2h2g-00468-00127575-00128001 fast as we wanted but we have to create
2JGWiqA2h2g-00469-00128002-00128258 the platform that would keep Crimean
2JGWiqA2h2g-00470-00128259-00128534 issue on the very high political agenda
2JGWiqA2h2g-00471-00128535-00128766 and thus information agenda because of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00472-00128767-00129072 course we had the peak of the Crimean
2JGWiqA2h2g-00473-00129073-00129264 issue in the on the international
2JGWiqA2h2g-00474-00129265-00129560 information space in 2014 and 15 and now
2JGWiqA2h2g-00475-00129561-00129720 it sleeps a little bit down so and we
2JGWiqA2h2g-00476-00129721-00129939 have to think of having this Crimean
2JGWiqA2h2g-00477-00129940-00130197 issue on the top of the agenda of not
2JGWiqA2h2g-00478-00130198-00130433 been normalized by the issue of Crimean
2JGWiqA2h2g-00479-00130434-00130647 occupational consequences and I know
2JGWiqA2h2g-00480-00130648-00130811 that it's something that we may actually
2JGWiqA2h2g-00481-00130813-00131084 start thinking of and at the end the the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00482-00131085-00131352 final quotation I'd like to share is
2JGWiqA2h2g-00483-00131353-00131823 Lewis Carroll's Red Queen she says my
2JGWiqA2h2g-00484-00131824-00132084 dear here we must run as fast as we can
2JGWiqA2h2g-00485-00132085-00132276 just to stay in place and if you wish to
2JGWiqA2h2g-00486-00132277-00132540 go anywhere you must run twice as fast
2JGWiqA2h2g-00487-00132541-00132735 as that so I think that this is
2JGWiqA2h2g-00488-00132736-00132924 something that we have to think over we
2JGWiqA2h2g-00489-00132925-00133191 have to run twice as fast as we can
2JGWiqA2h2g-00490-00133192-00133469 thank you very much sir honest
2JGWiqA2h2g-00491-00133470-00134009 [Applause]
2JGWiqA2h2g-00492-00134010-00134339 and the following speaker is Nariman
2JGWiqA2h2g-00493-00134340-00134487 Julie olive who is the deputy head of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00494-00134488-00134927 medleys it's a self governing body of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00495-00134928-00135113 Crimean Tatars which was bent by the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00496-00135114-00135299 Russian Federation by the Supreme Court
2JGWiqA2h2g-00497-00135300-00135681 in 2016 so he is actually the one the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00498-00135682-00135890 most active coordinator that civil
2JGWiqA2h2g-00499-00135891-00136076 resistance in Crimea today please
2JGWiqA2h2g-00500-00136077-00137077 Nariman Jamar welcome the bridge is very
2JGWiqA2h2g-00501-00137078-00137573 good good day dear guests sample
2JGWiqA2h2g-00502-00137574-00137832 speaking Russian unfortunately I'm very
2JGWiqA2h2g-00503-00137833-00138410 glad that you have invited me mr. Taylor
2JGWiqA2h2g-00504-00138411-00138771 he invited me here to tell you what is
2JGWiqA2h2g-00505-00138772-00139091 actually happening in the Crimea and I
2JGWiqA2h2g-00506-00139092-00139490 can tell you with all surety that the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00507-00139491-00139964 picture that Russian propaganda shows
2JGWiqA2h2g-00508-00139965-00140322 see you and the entire world does not
2JGWiqA2h2g-00509-00140323-00140714 match at all the real situation existing
2JGWiqA2h2g-00510-00140715-00141018 in the occupied Crimea occupied by the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00511-00141019-00141531 Russian Federation indeed virtually a
2JGWiqA2h2g-00512-00141532-00141948 few days ago Russia celebrated the fifth
2JGWiqA2h2g-00513-00141949-00142149 anniversary of occupation of my
2JGWiqA2h2g-00514-00142150-00142398 motherland and very many Russian
2JGWiqA2h2g-00515-00142399-00142647 Ukrainian and foreign journalists came
2JGWiqA2h2g-00516-00142648-00143114 to Crimea to see what has changed had
2JGWiqA2h2g-00517-00143115-00143339 changed over the five years and I
2JGWiqA2h2g-00518-00143340-00143535 personally had to demonstrate to many of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00519-00143536-00143808 them what the real situation is in order
2JGWiqA2h2g-00520-00143809-00144021 to demonstrate slightly of this picture
2JGWiqA2h2g-00521-00144022-00144408 I will tell you of one I will give you
2JGWiqA2h2g-00522-00144409-00144791 one case about two years ago an American
2JGWiqA2h2g-00523-00144792-00145035 radio journalist terzian Kim came from
2JGWiqA2h2g-00524-00145036-00145296 Moscow to the Crimea and before meeting
2JGWiqA2h2g-00525-00145297-00145628 me he tried to communicate with my
2JGWiqA2h2g-00526-00145629-00145869 citizens of Crimea residence of commune
2JGWiqA2h2g-00527-00145870-00146268 and public open place and asked them
2JGWiqA2h2g-00528-00146269-00146675 what changes he they have noticed over
2JGWiqA2h2g-00529-00146676-00146931 the few past years without any
2JGWiqA2h2g-00530-00146932-00147090 limitations of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00531-00147091-00147237 how negative or positive there would be
2JGWiqA2h2g-00532-00147238-00147402 then when he came to talk to me he was
2JGWiqA2h2g-00533-00147403-00147634 very irritated because he said you know
2JGWiqA2h2g-00534-00147635-00148009 no man I could not get a single answer
2JGWiqA2h2g-00535-00148010-00148503 from them not one single person when
2JGWiqA2h2g-00536-00148504-00149008 talking to me either praised or cursed
2JGWiqA2h2g-00537-00149009-00149499 the events it's to show you what stands
2JGWiqA2h2g-00538-00149500-00149715 behind the beautiful facade the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00539-00149716-00149946 infrastructure project that Russia
2JGWiqA2h2g-00540-00149947-00150303 Russian Federation likes to boast of the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00541-00150304-00150943 airport's schools and other for us
2JGWiqA2h2g-00542-00150944-00151560 remain Tartars the there in building a
2JGWiqA2h2g-00543-00151561-00151909 cathedral mosque in Simferopol but
2JGWiqA2h2g-00544-00151910-00152214 terrible terrible things are hidden
2JGWiqA2h2g-00545-00152215-00152678 behind those announcements and pictures
2JGWiqA2h2g-00546-00152679-00152979 maybe not so many deaths but each of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00547-00152980-00153474 them is a value it's been a few years
2JGWiqA2h2g-00548-00153475-00153772 since a friend of mine who would have
2JGWiqA2h2g-00549-00153773-00154156 celebrated his 33rd year today a young
2JGWiqA2h2g-00550-00154157-00154810 Crimean tartar was brutally kidnapped in
2JGWiqA2h2g-00551-00154811-00155064 Simferopol and nobody and neither his
2JGWiqA2h2g-00552-00155065-00155316 friends nor his parents knows anything
2JGWiqA2h2g-00553-00155317-00155710 about his further fate the investigation
2JGWiqA2h2g-00554-00155711-00155931 of the there is no investigation of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00555-00155932-00156247 kidnappings and deaths of activists in
2JGWiqA2h2g-00556-00156248-00156528 the Crimea we have no idea of whether
2JGWiqA2h2g-00557-00156529-00156773 these people are still alive or not a
2JGWiqA2h2g-00558-00156774-00157422 lot of searchers criminal prosecution
2JGWiqA2h2g-00559-00157423-00158160 and trials which are not really trials
2JGWiqA2h2g-00560-00158161-00158446 of justice you can talk to any lawyer in
2JGWiqA2h2g-00561-00158447-00158698 working the Crimea now and he will tell
2JGWiqA2h2g-00562-00158699-00158811 you that the Russian Federation in
2JGWiqA2h2g-00563-00158812-00159153 Russian judges brutally violated the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00564-00159154-00159510 wrong laws and the situation with the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00565-00159511-00159724 detained
2JGWiqA2h2g-00566-00159725-00160039 Ukrainian sailors is another proof of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00567-00160040-00160444 that constant ignoring constant ignoring
2JGWiqA2h2g-00568-00160445-00160813 of their own law is a fact and the most
2JGWiqA2h2g-00569-00160814-00161095 appalling fact is that in the Crimea
2JGWiqA2h2g-00570-00161096-00161395 currently the Russian Federation uses
2JGWiqA2h2g-00571-00161396-00161773 any available means to make people live
2JGWiqA2h2g-00572-00161774-00162049 in constant fear people are learning to
2JGWiqA2h2g-00573-00162050-00162499 live in a situation of no freedom you
2JGWiqA2h2g-00574-00162500-00162808 can see the situation in Russia in
2JGWiqA2h2g-00575-00162809-00163456 general you can see the new newly
2JGWiqA2h2g-00576-00163457-00163741 introduced laws which are mass-produced
2JGWiqA2h2g-00577-00163742-00163981 by the Russian Federation they're wrong
2JGWiqA2h2g-00578-00163982-00164476 aimed at limiting the freedoms human
2JGWiqA2h2g-00579-00164477-00164740 freedoms that the Russian Federation is
2JGWiqA2h2g-00580-00164741-00165204 a sight signed on for and the Russia
2JGWiqA2h2g-00581-00165205-00165520 continues to deceive the international
2JGWiqA2h2g-00582-00165521-00165868 community in all international forums
2JGWiqA2h2g-00583-00165869-00166378 including the United Nations and which
2JGWiqA2h2g-00584-00166379-00166618 is the top level and the reality that
2JGWiqA2h2g-00585-00166619-00166852 we're faced with today is really
2JGWiqA2h2g-00586-00166853-00167242 appalling I would like for you to really
2JGWiqA2h2g-00587-00167243-00167581 make note of it because we residents of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00588-00167582-00167836 the Crimea and in particular Crimean
2JGWiqA2h2g-00589-00167837-00168232 Tartars will live not because what we
2JGWiqA2h2g-00590-00168233-00168523 have in the fridges or what is built by
2JGWiqA2h2g-00591-00168524-00168688 the Russian Federation in the Crimea
2JGWiqA2h2g-00592-00168689-00169108 currently we live based on the basic
2JGWiqA2h2g-00593-00169109-00169749 freedoms that justice and whether we can
2JGWiqA2h2g-00594-00169750-00170035 argue against what we don't like and we
2JGWiqA2h2g-00595-00170036-00170386 don't like the basics and please when
2JGWiqA2h2g-00596-00170387-00170542 you analyze the situation in Ukraine and
2JGWiqA2h2g-00597-00170543-00170959 Crimea when you calculate the cases of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00598-00170960-00171301 human rights violations in the territory
2JGWiqA2h2g-00599-00171302-00171607 occupied Crimea please keep in mind that
2JGWiqA2h2g-00600-00171608-00171910 this these are consequences of the main
2JGWiqA2h2g-00601-00171911-00172297 crime committed in February of 2014 the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00602-00172298-00172546 occupation all the territory of a
2JGWiqA2h2g-00603-00172547-00172712 sovereign state
2JGWiqA2h2g-00604-00172713-00172994 and therefore we despite all the threats
2JGWiqA2h2g-00605-00172995-00173375 and the personal personal threats that
2JGWiqA2h2g-00606-00173376-00173513 we're experiencing currently in the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00607-00173514-00173902 Crimea we speak we say openly that we
2JGWiqA2h2g-00608-00173903-00174077 are for the restoration of the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00609-00174078-00174248 territorial integrity of the Ukraine
2JGWiqA2h2g-00610-00174249-00174575 because we believe this a necessary
2JGWiqA2h2g-00611-00174576-00174788 condition of stability not only in our
2JGWiqA2h2g-00612-00174789-00175085 region but also in the entire world we
2JGWiqA2h2g-00613-00175086-00175412 believe that this is the must is must
2JGWiqA2h2g-00614-00175413-00175804 for the peaceful development around the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00615-00175805-00176321 world and we see this as the basis for a
2JGWiqA2h2g-00616-00176322-00176513 foundation of our own security because
2JGWiqA2h2g-00617-00176514-00176774 the politics that is imposed on us by
2JGWiqA2h2g-00618-00176775-00176977 the Russian Federation that does not
2JGWiqA2h2g-00619-00176978-00177221 correspond to these conditions therefore
2JGWiqA2h2g-00620-00177222-00177677 I call on all of you to do what you can
2JGWiqA2h2g-00621-00177678-00178007 and also I would like to thank the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00622-00178008-00178129 United States and many European
2JGWiqA2h2g-00623-00178130-00178552 countries for their very clear and
2JGWiqA2h2g-00624-00178553-00178922 principled position do not think that
2JGWiqA2h2g-00625-00178923-00179128 what you do does not matter for the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00626-00179129-00179341 Russian Federation but I'm calling on
2JGWiqA2h2g-00627-00179342-00179693 you to to show even more adherence to
2JGWiqA2h2g-00628-00179694-00179918 prints suppose to be more active in
2JGWiqA2h2g-00629-00179919-00180344 order to save tens and hundreds of lives
2JGWiqA2h2g-00630-00180345-00180676 tens of hundreds of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00631-00180677-00180809 [Music]
2JGWiqA2h2g-00632-00180810-00181112 of people who live on the cup on the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00633-00181113-00181397 occupied territories and save Russia
2JGWiqA2h2g-00634-00181398-00181664 itself from where it is being led to by
2JGWiqA2h2g-00635-00181665-00182054 its own leadership because we hear more
2JGWiqA2h2g-00636-00182055-00182404 and more voices saying that the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00637-00182405-00182708 residence of the Crimea who have fallen
2JGWiqA2h2g-00638-00182709-00183020 victims to propaganda and deceit they
2JGWiqA2h2g-00639-00183021-00183311 are beginning to say that this is not at
2JGWiqA2h2g-00640-00183312-00183692 all what they were expecting and the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00641-00183693-00183956 Russian authorities are trying to shut
2JGWiqA2h2g-00642-00183957-00184382 them up using different means by fining
2JGWiqA2h2g-00643-00184383-00184742 them by prosecuting them and using many
2JGWiqA2h2g-00644-00184743-00185429 other methods and therefore you can see
2JGWiqA2h2g-00645-00185430-00185768 for yourselves that even the those who
2JGWiqA2h2g-00646-00185769-00186383 were very strongly in favor of Russia of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00647-00186384-00186740 Crimea of the Crimea joining Russia are
2JGWiqA2h2g-00648-00186741-00187028 now saying that they were deceived that
2JGWiqA2h2g-00649-00187029-00187271 it's not what they expected and but
2JGWiqA2h2g-00650-00187272-00187478 there are also very many people who from
2JGWiqA2h2g-00651-00187479-00187781 the very start realized what were they
2JGWiqA2h2g-00652-00187782-00188104 saw was going to and they asked me to
2JGWiqA2h2g-00653-00188105-00188462 deliver it all to you and it's very
2JGWiqA2h2g-00654-00188463-00188651 important that you understand what's
2JGWiqA2h2g-00655-00188652-00189026 happening I can give you many numbers I
2JGWiqA2h2g-00656-00189027-00189305 can give you statistics but what is
2JGWiqA2h2g-00657-00189306-00189671 important is that every act every legal
2JGWiqA2h2g-00658-00189672-00189935 act constitutes an international crime
2JGWiqA2h2g-00659-00189936-00190216 and it's important despite of how
2JGWiqA2h2g-00660-00190217-00190742 tragical it may be viewed I am very
2JGWiqA2h2g-00661-00190743-00191063 grateful for your interest I would be
2JGWiqA2h2g-00662-00191064-00191378 happy to answer all your questions and I
2JGWiqA2h2g-00663-00191379-00191649 call on you to
2JGWiqA2h2g-00664-00191650-00191949 keep the Crimea and the fate of the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00665-00191950-00192375 Crimean Tartars in mind and do all you
2JGWiqA2h2g-00666-00192376-00192876 can to fix the situation and realize
2JGWiqA2h2g-00667-00192877-00193326 that despite of all the statements of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00668-00193327-00193548 Russian propaganda there is resistance
2JGWiqA2h2g-00669-00193549-00193875 in the Crimean nonviolent peaceful
2JGWiqA2h2g-00670-00193876-00194520 resistance going by the international
2JGWiqA2h2g-00671-00194521-00194903 legislation and we keep saying the truth
2JGWiqA2h2g-00672-00194904-00195178 including to you thank you very much
2JGWiqA2h2g-00673-00195179-00195611 [Applause]
2JGWiqA2h2g-00674-00195612-00195807 colleague of mine a friend of mine
2JGWiqA2h2g-00675-00195808-00195969 actually called upon the international
2JGWiqA2h2g-00676-00195970-00196163 community to keep on with the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00677-00196164-00196376 non-acceptance non recognition policy
2JGWiqA2h2g-00678-00196377-00196605 there is one important thing I really
2JGWiqA2h2g-00679-00196606-00196791 want you to understand that these non
2JGWiqA2h2g-00680-00196792-00197055 recognition policy all the declarations
2JGWiqA2h2g-00681-00197056-00197331 resolutions documents that we adopt or
2JGWiqA2h2g-00682-00197332-00197571 accept within different organizations
2JGWiqA2h2g-00683-00197572-00197841 Council of Europe United Nations osg or
2JGWiqA2h2g-00684-00197842-00198126 on the bilateral level it really saves
2JGWiqA2h2g-00685-00198127-00198339 lives because otherwise we could have
2JGWiqA2h2g-00686-00198340-00198579 not 80 political prisoners in Crimea
2JGWiqA2h2g-00687-00198580-00198807 about 800 or even more so I think that
2JGWiqA2h2g-00688-00198808-00198945 this is something that would really have
2JGWiqA2h2g-00689-00198946-00199185 to keep on doing and I'm really thankful
2JGWiqA2h2g-00690-00199186-00199344 that it this is something that is
2JGWiqA2h2g-00691-00199345-00199677 happening today and the next speaker is
2JGWiqA2h2g-00692-00199678-00199860 attempt she goes who actually spent two
2JGWiqA2h2g-00693-00199861-00200127 years in the Russian prison in Crimea he
2JGWiqA2h2g-00694-00200128-00200451 was detained in 2015 and today he is
2JGWiqA2h2g-00695-00200452-00200865 also he was released as the result of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00696-00200866-00201093 the direct negotiations of the president
2JGWiqA2h2g-00697-00201094-00201288 target Republic and President Putin and
2JGWiqA2h2g-00698-00201289-00201585 he is more than a year today in Kiev
2JGWiqA2h2g-00699-00201586-00201789 being a voice of the Crimean resistance
2JGWiqA2h2g-00700-00201790-00202662 after Maha Bua renews
2JGWiqA2h2g-00701-00202663-00203023 Nova Road good morning ladies and
2JGWiqA2h2g-00702-00203024-00203403 gentlemen
2JGWiqA2h2g-00703-00203404-00203857 I'm grateful for the invitation that our
2JGWiqA2h2g-00704-00203858-00204178 delegation received for us it is very
2JGWiqA2h2g-00705-00204179-00204703 important when we are speaking on behalf
2JGWiqA2h2g-00706-00204704-00205051 of our citizens living currently in the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00707-00205052-00205935 occupied territory each forum
2JGWiqA2h2g-00708-00205936-00206173 international forum of such kind is
2JGWiqA2h2g-00709-00206173-00206562 monitored by every Crimean citizen and
2JGWiqA2h2g-00710-00206563-00206809 every Ukrainian citizen because the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00711-00206810-00207477 concentration of attention to the plight
2JGWiqA2h2g-00712-00207478-00207786 that occurred to us in this horrible
2JGWiqA2h2g-00713-00207787-00208498 Nazi forum such as the occupation attack
2JGWiqA2h2g-00714-00208498-00208750 and occupation by Russia of gaining
2JGWiqA2h2g-00715-00208751-00209506 territory people are looking forward to
2JGWiqA2h2g-00716-00209507-00210112 the retaliation by the world and every
2JGWiqA2h2g-00717-00210113-00210435 step that the world takes to protect us
2JGWiqA2h2g-00718-00210436-00210900 from this Russian monster gives us hope
2JGWiqA2h2g-00719-00210901-00211546 that way we'll be able to get rid of the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00720-00211546-00211848 occupants and continue our peaceful and
2JGWiqA2h2g-00721-00211850-00212613 free life side by side with you so the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00722-00212614-00212941 statements by the Russian officials to
2JGWiqA2h2g-00723-00212942-00213250 the fact that Crimea is Russia and it's
2JGWiqA2h2g-00724-00213251-00213484 not to be discussed is a challenge to
2JGWiqA2h2g-00725-00213485-00213805 all of us and to the entire world it's a
2JGWiqA2h2g-00726-00213806-00214098 demonstration of the fact that these
2JGWiqA2h2g-00727-00214100-00214773 criminals do not want to pay for their
2JGWiqA2h2g-00728-00214775-00215361 crimes
2JGWiqA2h2g-00729-00215362-00216184 it is difficult to speak about Crimea
2JGWiqA2h2g-00730-00216185-00216625 without thinking about hundreds of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00731-00216626-00217033 thousands of people whose lives were
2JGWiqA2h2g-00732-00217034-00217594 broken about the orphans fatherless
2JGWiqA2h2g-00733-00217594-00217956 orphans but as Nariman jalal said
2JGWiqA2h2g-00734-00217957-00218485 resistance goes on and it will not
2JGWiqA2h2g-00735-00218486-00219367 subside despite the attempt of russia to
2JGWiqA2h2g-00736-00219367-00220056 pose to - to make the crimea look
2JGWiqA2h2g-00737-00220057-00220465 appealing the attempt is failing five
2JGWiqA2h2g-00738-00220466-00220644 years has been five years
2JGWiqA2h2g-00739-00220646-00221089 how many political events Russia has
2JGWiqA2h2g-00740-00221090-00221398 tried to conduct in the Crimean
2JGWiqA2h2g-00741-00221398-00221769 territory and thus make the world
2JGWiqA2h2g-00742-00221771-00222100 community think of it as the Russian
2JGWiqA2h2g-00743-00222101-00222367 territory I'm talking about the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00744-00222367-00222640 so-called elections that Russia has been
2JGWiqA2h2g-00745-00222641-00222832 trying to conduct all these years
2JGWiqA2h2g-00746-00222833-00223183 they're illegal elections and majority
2JGWiqA2h2g-00747-00223184-00223426 of Ukrainian citizens living in the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00748-00223427-00223867 occupied territory do not take part in
2JGWiqA2h2g-00749-00223867-00224448 these processes this is the most painful
2JGWiqA2h2g-00750-00224448-00224904 kind of resistance for the Russian
2JGWiqA2h2g-00751-00224905-00225596 banded authorities and they're trying to
2JGWiqA2h2g-00752-00225598-00225877 they're using all these forms of terror
2JGWiqA2h2g-00753-00225878-00226189 as revenge a colleague of mine the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00754-00226190-00226426 colleague of mine mentioned multiple
2JGWiqA2h2g-00755-00226427-00226921 searches those are not searches you know
2JGWiqA2h2g-00756-00226921-00227319 it is characteristic for us to to make
2JGWiqA2h2g-00757-00227321-00227491 things look different
2JGWiqA2h2g-00758-00227492-00227817 how can you say that
2JGWiqA2h2g-00759-00227819-00228052 the bandits wearing masks
2JGWiqA2h2g-00760-00228053-00228314 at 5:00 in the morning broke in breaking
2JGWiqA2h2g-00761-00228315-00228713 to your house throwing men on the floor
2JGWiqA2h2g-00762-00228714-00229141 and using their boots how can you call
2JGWiqA2h2g-00763-00229142-00229545 this a search without demonstrating any
2JGWiqA2h2g-00764-00229546-00230170 sort of legal authority this is done to
2JGWiqA2h2g-00765-00230171-00230449 intimidate us so that we all would
2JGWiqA2h2g-00766-00230450-00230710 understand that any attempt to fight for
2JGWiqA2h2g-00767-00230711-00231019 our lives and the right to choose your
2JGWiqA2h2g-00768-00231020-00231630 future will be punished in this manner
2JGWiqA2h2g-00769-00231631-00232412 today Russia is not stomping it's
2JGWiqA2h2g-00770-00232413-00233175 attempt to change our country Ukraine
2JGWiqA2h2g-00771-00233176-00233925 and turn it back into Russian slavery we
2JGWiqA2h2g-00772-00233926-00234217 are going to have very complicated and
2JGWiqA2h2g-00773-00234218-00234670 difficult elections but they will not be
2JGWiqA2h2g-00774-00234671-00235026 a hindrance for us because we paid in
2JGWiqA2h2g-00775-00235027-00235429 2014 with the blood of our children for
2JGWiqA2h2g-00776-00235430-00235678 our freedom and we were there's no going
2JGWiqA2h2g-00777-00235679-00235708 back
2JGWiqA2h2g-00778-00235709-00236226 Russian is aware of that and by
2JGWiqA2h2g-00779-00236227-00236588 undertaking the symbolic actions the the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00780-00236589-00236941 invented myths mythology Russia is
2JGWiqA2h2g-00781-00236942-00237334 trying to intervene in the right of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00782-00237335-00237691 Ukrainian people to choose as well in
2JGWiqA2h2g-00783-00237692-00237989 the same manner as Russia is trying to
2JGWiqA2h2g-00784-00237990-00238306 do that all around the world as we all
2JGWiqA2h2g-00785-00238307-00238630 know but Russia is a very symbolic
2JGWiqA2h2g-00786-00238631-00239298 number in for the Ukraine trying to
2JGWiqA2h2g-00787-00239299-00239707 recreate the former Empire Empire that
2JGWiqA2h2g-00788-00239708-00240091 will not leave the world alone in peace
2JGWiqA2h2g-00789-00240092-00240790 we will walk this path because hundreds
2JGWiqA2h2g-00790-00240791-00240970 of thousands of our citizens living in
2JGWiqA2h2g-00791-00240971-00241138 the occupied territories
2JGWiqA2h2g-00792-00241139-00241359 made their choice even though they
2JGWiqA2h2g-00793-00241360-00241887 cannot vote they delegate their right to
2JGWiqA2h2g-00794-00241888-00242181 express their choice to the Ukrainian
2JGWiqA2h2g-00795-00242182-00242457 people this is the right to live in the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00796-00242458-00242781 European community the right to be in
2JGWiqA2h2g-00797-00242782-00243251 the Union called euro-atlantic Union and
2JGWiqA2h2g-00798-00243252-00244014 is a guarantor of future security the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00799-00244015-00244427 Alliance that is foundation of the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00800-00244428-00244551 future
2JGWiqA2h2g-00801-00244552-00244752 civilized world and Russia which is
2JGWiqA2h2g-00802-00244753-00245289 afraid of that will do what it can
2JGWiqA2h2g-00803-00245290-00245604 including continue spilling our blood in
2JGWiqA2h2g-00804-00245605-00245896 our territory and that's the challenge
2JGWiqA2h2g-00805-00245896-00246434 that Russia is posing before the world
2JGWiqA2h2g-00806-00246435-00247141 depends on all of you it will there be
2JGWiqA2h2g-00807-00247142-00247605 voices to the effect that dialogue with
2JGWiqA2h2g-00808-00247606-00247821 Russia should be continued that the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00809-00247821-00248121 military aggression the eyes of rage and
2JGWiqA2h2g-00810-00248121-00248807 should not be taken into consideration
2JGWiqA2h2g-00811-00248808-00249281 should sanctions regime be continued
2JGWiqA2h2g-00812-00249282-00249948 while major business projects are being
2JGWiqA2h2g-00813-00249948-00250539 signed like the north northern stream -
2JGWiqA2h2g-00814-00250540-00250987 will will you continue to believe that
2JGWiqA2h2g-00815-00250988-00251473 Russia that Russia must be come to terms
2JGWiqA2h2g-00816-00251473-00252088 with all these things result in deaths
2JGWiqA2h2g-00817-00252089-00252351 multiple deaths in our territory I want
2JGWiqA2h2g-00818-00252352-00252523 to tell you on behalf of the Crimean
2JGWiqA2h2g-00819-00252523-00252981 Tartars and other nationalities residing
2JGWiqA2h2g-00820-00252982-00253336 today in the occupied territories and
2JGWiqA2h2g-00821-00253337-00253876 like to tell you that they are just like
2JGWiqA2h2g-00822-00253877-00254440 you they do not deserve just because
2JGWiqA2h2g-00823-00254441-00254694 they kept fighting for their freedom all
2JGWiqA2h2g-00824-00254696-00254992 their life for their freedom for their
2JGWiqA2h2g-00825-00254992-00255435 rights they do not deserve to be us
2JGWiqA2h2g-00826-00255436-00255744 under such severe occupation and have no
2JGWiqA2h2g-00827-00255746-00256788 future I strongly hope that such
2JGWiqA2h2g-00828-00256789-00257032 resolutions resolutions of the kind that
2JGWiqA2h2g-00829-00257033-00257512 was adopted a few days ago and the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00830-00257513-00257776 forefront of the fifth anniversary of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00831-00257777-00258028 the occupation will continue and every
2JGWiqA2h2g-00832-00258029-00258348 next step will be stronger and more
2JGWiqA2h2g-00833-00258350-00258814 forceful to demonstrate the that the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00834-00258815-00259117 world is united against the Nazi Putin
2JGWiqA2h2g-00835-00259117-00260191 thank you powerful statements a clear
2JGWiqA2h2g-00836-00260192-00260377 indication of what's what's at stake and
2JGWiqA2h2g-00837-00260378-00260560 what's going on in Crimea Deputy
2JGWiqA2h2g-00838-00260561-00260767 Minister thank you it's now my pleasure
2JGWiqA2h2g-00839-00260767-00261079 to ask Deputy Assistant Secretary of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00840-00261080-00261409 State George Kent to to address the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00841-00261410-00261763 group George in my view is one of the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00842-00261764-00261898 best diplomats that the State Department
2JGWiqA2h2g-00843-00261898-00262222 has we've worked together on several
2JGWiqA2h2g-00844-00262223-00262411 occasions I've learned incredible
2JGWiqA2h2g-00845-00262412-00262543 amounts you are about to learn
2JGWiqA2h2g-00846-00262544-00262741 incredible amount from him as well he
2JGWiqA2h2g-00847-00262742-00263008 has personal connections to this issue
2JGWiqA2h2g-00848-00263009-00263341 which he will describe I referenced
2JGWiqA2h2g-00849-00263342-00263617 early the wels declaration of 1940 well
2JGWiqA2h2g-00850-00263618-00263851 there was a Pompeo declaration more
2JGWiqA2h2g-00851-00263852-00264082 recently which is probably authored by
2JGWiqA2h2g-00852-00264083-00264241 someone in this room and with whom
2JGWiqA2h2g-00853-00264242-00264391 you're about to hear and so George
2JGWiqA2h2g-00854-00264392-00265066 please come with it thank you bill my
2JGWiqA2h2g-00855-00265067-00265689 former boss good morning grim Craner am
2JGWiqA2h2g-00856-00265690-00265869 Ukrainian
2JGWiqA2h2g-00857-00265870-00266127 I'm it is yours in Ukrainian and Crimean
2JGWiqA2h2g-00858-00266128-00266490 Tatar Secretary of State Pompeo made
2JGWiqA2h2g-00859-00266491-00266787 that declaration as US policy before
2JGWiqA2h2g-00860-00266788-00267102 Congress last July he repeated our
2JGWiqA2h2g-00861-00267103-00267432 position again from Hanoi on February
2JGWiqA2h2g-00862-00267433-00267699 27th on the fifth anniversary of the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00863-00267700-00267951 takeover of the Crimean Parliament by
2JGWiqA2h2g-00864-00267952-00268284 Russia special forces stating Russia
2JGWiqA2h2g-00865-00268285-00268503 attempted to upend the international
2JGWiqA2h2g-00866-00268504-00268568 order
2JGWiqA2h2g-00867-00268569-00268845 undermined basic human freedoms and
2JGWiqA2h2g-00868-00268846-00269199 weakened our common security the United
2JGWiqA2h2g-00869-00269200-00269387 States reiterates his unwavering
2JGWiqA2h2g-00870-00269388-00269793 position Crimea is Ukraine and must be
2JGWiqA2h2g-00871-00269794-00270135 returned to Ukraine's control as bill
2JGWiqA2h2g-00872-00270136-00270282 has said several times the Crimea
2JGWiqA2h2g-00873-00270283-00270507 declaration consciously harkens back to
2JGWiqA2h2g-00874-00270508-00270846 the 1940 wels declaration when Secretary
2JGWiqA2h2g-00875-00270847-00271017 of State Sumner Welles declared that the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00876-00271018-00271242 US would not recognize the de facto
2JGWiqA2h2g-00877-00271243-00271482 occupation and control of the Baltic
2JGWiqA2h2g-00878-00271483-00271716 countries of Estonia Latvia and
2JGWiqA2h2g-00879-00271717-00272037 Lithuania by Stalin's Soviet Union after
2JGWiqA2h2g-00880-00272038-00272235 the perfidy of the molotov-ribbentrop
2JGWiqA2h2g-00881-00272236-00272579 pact now as bill suggested in his intro
2JGWiqA2h2g-00882-00272580-00272868 historical precedent is very relevant to
2JGWiqA2h2g-00883-00272869-00273147 the challenge that faces all of us in
2JGWiqA2h2g-00884-00273148-00273285 the spirit of Russian Czars
2JGWiqA2h2g-00885-00273286-00273657 have on the 4th Peter Catherine and
2JGWiqA2h2g-00886-00273658-00273908 Stalin current russian president putin
2JGWiqA2h2g-00887-00273909-00274188 clearly consciously styles himself a
2JGWiqA2h2g-00888-00274189-00274413 gatherer of what he sees as russian
2JGWiqA2h2g-00889-00274414-00274746 lands or ischemia regardless of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00890-00274747-00275121 international laws norms or the views of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00891-00275122-00275430 neighboring countries in so doing putin
2JGWiqA2h2g-00892-00275431-00275568 has rejected the rules of the game that
2JGWiqA2h2g-00893-00275569-00275958 soviet leader Brezhnev agreed to in 1975
2JGWiqA2h2g-00894-00275959-00276201 and the Helsinki final act that the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00895-00276202-00276396 final Soviet leader Gorbachev reaffirmed
2JGWiqA2h2g-00896-00276397-00276666 in the 1990 parish charter and in a
2JGWiqA2h2g-00897-00276667-00276906 specific Ukrainian context the first
2JGWiqA2h2g-00898-00276907-00277104 Russian President Yeltsin embraced in
2JGWiqA2h2g-00899-00277105-00277545 the 1994 Budapest memorandum five years
2JGWiqA2h2g-00900-00277546-00277731 later we the international community
2JGWiqA2h2g-00901-00277732-00277920 struggle for adequate responses to the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00902-00277921-00278169 aggression of a revisionist power with a
2JGWiqA2h2g-00903-00278170-00278451 veto on the UN Security Council willing
2JGWiqA2h2g-00904-00278452-00278688 to use force to seize the territory of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00905-00278689-00278922 another country for the first time since
2JGWiqA2h2g-00906-00278923-00279099 the Second World War and the founding of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00907-00279100-00279146 the United
2JGWiqA2h2g-00908-00279147-00279491 nation's current crimean gala later
2JGWiqA2h2g-00909-00279492-00279722 accion off whose criminal name was the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00910-00279723-00279956 goblin before he became Moscow's willing
2JGWiqA2h2g-00911-00279957-00280319 to land misrule in 2014 last week as one
2JGWiqA2h2g-00912-00280320-00280496 of the previous speakers said ambassador
2JGWiqA2h2g-00913-00280497-00280730 Charlie acknowledged publicly what was
2JGWiqA2h2g-00914-00280731-00280880 clear five years ago the Russian
2JGWiqA2h2g-00915-00280881-00281045 takeover of Crimea would not have
2JGWiqA2h2g-00916-00281046-00281209 occurred without Putin's direction in
2JGWiqA2h2g-00917-00281210-00281501 order to repeat what some of our
2JGWiqA2h2g-00918-00281502-00281710 colleagues have already said Russia
2JGWiqA2h2g-00919-00281711-00281956 illegally seized and occupied Crimea
2JGWiqA2h2g-00920-00281957-00282170 blatantly contravening a core
2JGWiqA2h2g-00921-00282171-00282389 international principle that no country
2JGWiqA2h2g-00922-00282390-00282599 can change the borders of another by
2JGWiqA2h2g-00923-00282600-00282914 force it manufactured the appearance of
2JGWiqA2h2g-00924-00282915-00283196 a farce of a process on March 16th that
2JGWiqA2h2g-00925-00283197-00283367 is mistakenly referred to as a
2JGWiqA2h2g-00926-00283368-00283604 referendum and simply made-up numbers
2JGWiqA2h2g-00927-00283605-00283778 for reported voter participation and
2JGWiqA2h2g-00928-00283779-00284024 results generously claiming for instance
2JGWiqA2h2g-00929-00284025-00284222 that 120 percent of Sevastopol 's
2JGWiqA2h2g-00930-00284223-00284477 population that would be every man woman
2JGWiqA2h2g-00931-00284478-00284951 child plus 20% had voted and then they
2JGWiqA2h2g-00932-00284952-00285206 brazenly struck a Crimean campaign medal
2JGWiqA2h2g-00933-00285207-00285419 for Russian military participants which
2JGWiqA2h2g-00934-00285420-00285587 listed the start of the campaign as
2JGWiqA2h2g-00935-00285588-00285848 February 20th a day before three
2JGWiqA2h2g-00936-00285849-00286028 European foreign ministers and a Russian
2JGWiqA2h2g-00937-00286029-00286274 envoy we're still in keeve negotiating a
2JGWiqA2h2g-00938-00286275-00286435 deal to keep discredited ukrainian
2JGWiqA2h2g-00939-00286436-00286637 President Yanukovych in office through
2JGWiqA2h2g-00940-00286638-00286948 December 2014 in early elections
2JGWiqA2h2g-00941-00286949-00287129 ambassador Herbst asked me to comment
2JGWiqA2h2g-00942-00287130-00287303 about why the US government did not come
2JGWiqA2h2g-00943-00287304-00287519 in yesterday on the anniversary of a
2JGWiqA2h2g-00944-00287520-00287744 Duma vote we didn't comment because such
2JGWiqA2h2g-00945-00287745-00288167 a vote has no legitimacy weeks after the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00946-00288168-00288389 Russian Special Forces consolidated
2JGWiqA2h2g-00947-00288390-00288685 control in Crimea Russian agents such as
2JGWiqA2h2g-00948-00288686-00288893 gherkin still cough who would run a
2JGWiqA2h2g-00949-00288894-00289082 torture operation in Crimea against
2JGWiqA2h2g-00950-00289083-00289316 civil society activists reappeared in
2JGWiqA2h2g-00951-00289317-00289541 the Donbass in towns that most of us
2JGWiqA2h2g-00952-00289542-00289717 honestly had never heard of since then
2JGWiqA2h2g-00953-00289718-00290240 slaviansk kramatorsk horlivka russian
2JGWiqA2h2g-00954-00290241-00290444 special forces not tractor drivers and
2JGWiqA2h2g-00955-00290445-00290669 miners took precision action to seize
2JGWiqA2h2g-00956-00290670-00290857 the administrative buildings in Donetsk
2JGWiqA2h2g-00957-00290858-00291113 and Luhansk Russia manufactured and
2JGWiqA2h2g-00958-00291114-00291290 continues to fuel a war that has led to
2JGWiqA2h2g-00959-00291291-00291581 13,000 deaths in the last five years in
2JGWiqA2h2g-00960-00291582-00291872 Europe in Crimea and the Donbass for the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00961-00291873-00292079 past five years Russia has undermined
2JGWiqA2h2g-00962-00292080-00292313 regional stability flagrantly
2JGWiqA2h2g-00963-00292314-00292447 disregarded international
2JGWiqA2h2g-00964-00292448-00292723 Norm's created europe's largest
2JGWiqA2h2g-00965-00292724-00293058 humanitarian crisis in a generation
2JGWiqA2h2g-00966-00293059-00293269 inviolate 'add human rights on a
2JGWiqA2h2g-00967-00293270-00293629 systemic basis in his crimea statement
2JGWiqA2h2g-00968-00293630-00293845 last month secretary Pompeo underscored
2JGWiqA2h2g-00969-00293846-00294073 that the United States remains gravely
2JGWiqA2h2g-00970-00294074-00294360 concerned by the worsening repression by
2JGWiqA2h2g-00971-00294361-00294658 Russia's occupation regime in Crimea as
2JGWiqA2h2g-00972-00294659-00294775 part of this campaign
2JGWiqA2h2g-00973-00294776-00294979 Russia has arbitrarily detained and
2JGWiqA2h2g-00974-00294980-00295216 wrongfully convicted individuals for
2JGWiqA2h2g-00975-00295217-00295396 peaceful opposition to the occupation
2JGWiqA2h2g-00976-00295397-00295606 and in some cases has forcibly
2JGWiqA2h2g-00977-00295607-00295813 transferred these individuals from
2JGWiqA2h2g-00978-00295814-00296188 occupied Crimea to Russia in quote in
2JGWiqA2h2g-00979-00296189-00296314 that regard it is a great honor
2JGWiqA2h2g-00980-00296315-00296506 personally to appear on this stage after
2JGWiqA2h2g-00981-00296507-00296839 öktem chuco's as a deputy leader of the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00982-00296840-00297046 crimean tatar medula's he served time as
2JGWiqA2h2g-00983-00297047-00297223 we heard in Russian jail as a political
2JGWiqA2h2g-00984-00297224-00297508 prisoner I remember we first met in Kiev
2JGWiqA2h2g-00985-00297509-00297658 at the Turkish national day reception
2JGWiqA2h2g-00986-00297659-00297895 the week after he had been released I
2JGWiqA2h2g-00987-00297896-00298093 expressed condolences for having spent
2JGWiqA2h2g-00988-00298094-00298417 two years unjustly imprisoned but he had
2JGWiqA2h2g-00989-00298418-00298645 a gleam in his eye a bounce in his step
2JGWiqA2h2g-00990-00298646-00298876 and the passion that you just heard and
2JGWiqA2h2g-00991-00298877-00299038 he said you know it's actually an honor
2JGWiqA2h2g-00992-00299039-00299293 to be sent to jail for defending the
2JGWiqA2h2g-00993-00299294-00299479 truth and defending principles that you
2JGWiqA2h2g-00994-00299480-00299788 know are right ten days ago I was in
2JGWiqA2h2g-00995-00299789-00300037 Kiev and I had dinner with a man Mustafa
2JGWiqA2h2g-00996-00300038-00300283 and ma and some other Crimean Tatar
2JGWiqA2h2g-00997-00300284-00300580 community leaders and the two of them
2JGWiqA2h2g-00998-00300581-00300880 mocked Eman Mustafa jameelah swapped
2JGWiqA2h2g-00999-00300881-00301177 prison and gulag stories with very wry
2JGWiqA2h2g-01000-00301178-00301429 sensors of humor that clearly had helped
2JGWiqA2h2g-01001-00301430-00301635 both of them through psychological and
2JGWiqA2h2g-01002-00301636-00301762 physical pressure that would have broken
2JGWiqA2h2g-01003-00301763-00301942 and unfortunately in the past did break
2JGWiqA2h2g-01004-00301943-00302248 the lesser men Jamila fascists
2JGWiqA2h2g-01005-00302249-00302413 as you heard from now a month the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01006-00302414-00302644 repression now in Crimea is worse than
2JGWiqA2h2g-01007-00302645-00302842 in the late Soviet period when he
2JGWiqA2h2g-01008-00302843-00303058 jameelah was a prisoner of conscience in
2JGWiqA2h2g-01009-00303059-00303510 the gulag despite its OSCE obligations
2JGWiqA2h2g-01010-00303511-00303817 Russia currently imprisons more than 70
2JGWiqA2h2g-01011-00303818-00304030 Ukrainian political prisoners and the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01012-00304031-00304270 majority of those are crimeans once
2JGWiqA2h2g-01013-00304271-00304540 again we are maintaining lists of the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01014-00304541-00304774 Kremlin's political prisoners that was
2JGWiqA2h2g-01015-00304775-00305010 my responsibility in the summer of 1988
2JGWiqA2h2g-01016-00305011-00305184 as an unpaid summer intern on the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01017-00305185-00305398 Soviets State Department Soviet desk
2JGWiqA2h2g-01018-00305399-00305689 back then US Secretary of State George
2JGWiqA2h2g-01019-00305690-00305804 Shultz and Soviet foreign
2JGWiqA2h2g-01020-00305805-00305918 mr. Shevardnadze would meet every
2JGWiqA2h2g-01021-00305919-00306197 quarter and review the list clarifying
2JGWiqA2h2g-01022-00306198-00306362 the status and pushing for the release
2JGWiqA2h2g-01023-00306363-00306476 of political prisoners
2JGWiqA2h2g-01024-00306477-00306761 it is sad commentary that 31 years later
2JGWiqA2h2g-01025-00306762-00306935 after those schultz ever nods of
2JGWiqA2h2g-01026-00306936-00307193 sessions conducted in a shared spirit of
2JGWiqA2h2g-01027-00307194-00307451 dialogue in OSCE principles that russian
2JGWiqA2h2g-01028-00307452-00307622 leaders showed disdain and indifference
2JGWiqA2h2g-01029-00307623-00307895 in our adding additional names rather
2JGWiqA2h2g-01030-00307896-00307972 than meeting their international
2JGWiqA2h2g-01031-00307973-00308210 obligations in freeing prisoners of
2JGWiqA2h2g-01032-00308211-00308513 conscience for our part we must not
2JGWiqA2h2g-01033-00308514-00308771 forget and we must continue to speak the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01034-00308772-00309005 names of those unjustly imprisoned
2JGWiqA2h2g-01035-00309006-00309470 allowed sense of Paquito Balu is it to
2JGWiqA2h2g-01036-00309471-00309773 lieth and many many more we must all
2JGWiqA2h2g-01037-00309774-00310019 push Moscow for their release calling
2JGWiqA2h2g-01038-00310020-00310217 them to cease their abuses immediately
2JGWiqA2h2g-01039-00310218-00310469 end the occupation and in the meantime
2JGWiqA2h2g-01040-00310470-00310661 comply with obligations under
2JGWiqA2h2g-01041-00310662-00310862 international law including the law of
2JGWiqA2h2g-01042-00310863-00311198 occupation Russia's aggression in Crimea
2JGWiqA2h2g-01043-00311199-00311315 has also included systemic
2JGWiqA2h2g-01044-00311316-00311495 disinformation and erosion of the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01045-00311496-00311780 concept of truth or as Peter Pomerance
2JGWiqA2h2g-01046-00311781-00312008 ephemeral equipped nothing is true and
2JGWiqA2h2g-01047-00312009-00312311 everything is possible Russian Special
2JGWiqA2h2g-01048-00312312-00312563 Forces were rebranded slyly as little
2JGWiqA2h2g-01049-00312564-00312746 green men or polite people even though
2JGWiqA2h2g-01050-00312747-00313025 they were neither manufactured made up
2JGWiqA2h2g-01051-00313026-00313222 the results are labeled a referendum
2JGWiqA2h2g-01052-00313223-00313466 despite the city-state of Geneva having
2JGWiqA2h2g-01053-00313467-00313610 ruled the South Bank of Crimea for
2JGWiqA2h2g-01054-00313611-00313859 longer than Imperial Russia too many
2JGWiqA2h2g-01055-00313860-00314072 people ignorant of Crimea's long history
2JGWiqA2h2g-01056-00314073-00314237 buy into the fake assertion that well
2JGWiqA2h2g-01057-00314238-00314423 you know Crimea was always Russian I
2JGWiqA2h2g-01058-00314424-00314612 think I mean they addressed that already
2JGWiqA2h2g-01059-00314613-00314939 but no it wasn't Pontic Greeks were
2JGWiqA2h2g-01060-00314940-00315152 well-established in Crimea 1,500 years
2JGWiqA2h2g-01061-00315153-00315341 before Muscovy emerged from the northern
2JGWiqA2h2g-01062-00315342-00315647 forests a thousand years ago the Greeks
2JGWiqA2h2g-01063-00315648-00315854 in Crimea worked with us if Ian's to
2JGWiqA2h2g-01064-00315855-00316016 create the amazing gold ornaments
2JGWiqA2h2g-01065-00316017-00316238 currently being contested in Dutch
2JGWiqA2h2g-01066-00316239-00316436 courts and which eventually should be
2JGWiqA2h2g-01067-00316437-00316688 returned to Ukraine and they were
2JGWiqA2h2g-01068-00316689-00317006 deported in 1944 by Stalin and the NKVD
2JGWiqA2h2g-01069-00317007-00317153 day along with Crimean Tatars bull
2JGWiqA2h2g-01070-00317154-00317318 guards Armenians and other indigenous
2JGWiqA2h2g-01071-00317319-00317516 communities who were there centuries
2JGWiqA2h2g-01072-00317517-00317711 before Catherine the second violated her
2JGWiqA2h2g-01073-00317712-00317828 treaty with the Ottoman Empire
2JGWiqA2h2g-01074-00317829-00318002 guaranteeing Crimean independence and
2JGWiqA2h2g-01075-00318003-00318206 first seized it for the Russian Empire
2JGWiqA2h2g-01076-00318207-00318497 as Emily already pointed out we all
2JGWiqA2h2g-01077-00318498-00318569 collectively
2JGWiqA2h2g-01078-00318570-00318833 must constantly reject such Russian
2JGWiqA2h2g-01079-00318834-00319115 falsehoods and reiterate truths
2JGWiqA2h2g-01080-00319116-00319364 of what is happening in Crimea in the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01081-00319365-00319697 Donbass and in Russia itself five years
2JGWiqA2h2g-01082-00319698-00319871 on the challenge is not restricted
2JGWiqA2h2g-01083-00319872-00320066 merely to Crimea in the Donbass with
2JGWiqA2h2g-01084-00320067-00320282 Russia de-facto controlling 7% of
2JGWiqA2h2g-01085-00320283-00320492 Ukrainian territory justice has
2JGWiqA2h2g-01086-00320493-00320687 controlled 20% of Georgian territory
2JGWiqA2h2g-01087-00320688-00321059 since 2008 what Western experts have
2JGWiqA2h2g-01088-00321060-00321311 dubbed hybrid war not a doctrinal term
2JGWiqA2h2g-01089-00321312-00321452 used by Russians it probably is worth
2JGWiqA2h2g-01090-00321453-00321683 noting has led to a full spectrum of
2JGWiqA2h2g-01091-00321684-00321887 aggression on display in Ukraine in the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01092-00321888-00322226 last five years conventional war Special
2JGWiqA2h2g-01093-00322227-00322502 Forces role war dirty acts of
2JGWiqA2h2g-01094-00322503-00322730 assassination and bombings cyberattacks
2JGWiqA2h2g-01095-00322731-00323009 disinformation the weaponization of
2JGWiqA2h2g-01096-00323010-00323173 energy as well as more traditional
2JGWiqA2h2g-01097-00323174-00323354 economic political and diplomatic
2JGWiqA2h2g-01098-00323355-00323627 pressures similar tactics have been
2JGWiqA2h2g-01099-00323628-00323831 employed employed elsewhere in Europe
2JGWiqA2h2g-01100-00323832-00324104 from the Baltics to the Balkans think of
2JGWiqA2h2g-01101-00324105-00324314 the foiled coup in Montenegro in October
2JGWiqA2h2g-01102-00324315-00324719 2016 and beyond our collective need to
2JGWiqA2h2g-01103-00324720-00324917 counter such Russian malign influence
2JGWiqA2h2g-01104-00324918-00325178 and to be prepared to do so over the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01105-00325179-00325538 long haul should be clear over the last
2JGWiqA2h2g-01106-00325539-00325751 five years the US has been steadfast in
2JGWiqA2h2g-01107-00325752-00325898 our support for Ukraine's sovereignty
2JGWiqA2h2g-01108-00325899-00326189 and territorial integrity within its
2JGWiqA2h2g-01109-00326190-00326327 internationally recognized borders
2JGWiqA2h2g-01110-00326328-00326663 including territorial waters we will not
2JGWiqA2h2g-01111-00326664-00326807 accept anything less than the full
2JGWiqA2h2g-01112-00326808-00326978 restoration of Ukraine's territorial
2JGWiqA2h2g-01113-00326979-00327266 integrity the Crimea declaration and the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01114-00327267-00327449 subsequent show of support from partners
2JGWiqA2h2g-01115-00327450-00327692 are clear signals of the permanence of
2JGWiqA2h2g-01116-00327693-00327812 the international community's commitment
2JGWiqA2h2g-01117-00327813-00328172 to Ukraine's territorial integrity the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01118-00328173-00328367 United States will continue to engage in
2JGWiqA2h2g-01119-00328368-00328622 private and public diplomacy levy
2JGWiqA2h2g-01120-00328623-00328904 sanctions such as those announced Friday
2JGWiqA2h2g-01121-00328905-00329206 in concert with EU and European allies
2JGWiqA2h2g-01122-00329207-00329414 against Russian individuals and
2JGWiqA2h2g-01123-00329415-00329624 companies associated with aggression and
2JGWiqA2h2g-01124-00329625-00329915 occupation in Crimea and providing
2JGWiqA2h2g-01125-00329916-00330104 security assistance to Ukraine to ensure
2JGWiqA2h2g-01126-00330105-00330236 that Russia pays a price for these
2JGWiqA2h2g-01127-00330237-00330548 actions the unified message from the US
2JGWiqA2h2g-01128-00330549-00330728 allies and partners has been clear
2JGWiqA2h2g-01129-00330729-00331061 Russia's ongoing efforts to destabilize
2JGWiqA2h2g-01130-00331062-00331349 Ukraine will not go unanswered those
2JGWiqA2h2g-01131-00331350-00331520 named on Friday include individuals who
2JGWiqA2h2g-01132-00331521-00331727 orchestrated the unjustified November
2JGWiqA2h2g-01133-00331728-00331949 25th attack on three Ukrainian vessels
2JGWiqA2h2g-01134-00331950-00332240 near the Kirk straight six Russian
2JGWiqA2h2g-01135-00332241-00332366 defense firms that appropriated
2JGWiqA2h2g-01136-00332367-00332480 Ukrainian property and
2JGWiqA2h2g-01137-00332481-00332759 by Crimea and two individuals involved
2JGWiqA2h2g-01138-00332760-00332936 in last November's sham so-called
2JGWiqA2h2g-01139-00332937-00333269 elections in Donetsk and Luhansk now if
2JGWiqA2h2g-01140-00333270-00333395 we're being honest with ourselves the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01141-00333396-00333533 modest steps to date have not been
2JGWiqA2h2g-01142-00333534-00333716 enough to change Putin's cost calculus
2JGWiqA2h2g-01143-00333717-00333986 that is very clear Russia pressure on
2JGWiqA2h2g-01144-00333987-00334115 commercial shipping in the sea of azov
2JGWiqA2h2g-01145-00334116-00334313 as well as freedom of navigation in the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01146-00334314-00334457 Black Sea and through the curt's Strait
2JGWiqA2h2g-01147-00334458-00334742 is a deeply worrying trend so we will
2JGWiqA2h2g-01148-00334743-00334922 all need to be ready to keep our resolve
2JGWiqA2h2g-01149-00334923-00335093 for the long term and consider
2JGWiqA2h2g-01150-00335094-00335384 additional measures the US has provided
2JGWiqA2h2g-01151-00335385-00335552 other support via crane over the past
2JGWiqA2h2g-01152-00335553-00335786 five years including over 2.9 billion
2JGWiqA2h2g-01153-00335787-00336023 dollars of assistance and 3-1 billion
2JGWiqA2h2g-01154-00336024-00336253 dollar sovereign loan guarantees
2JGWiqA2h2g-01155-00336254-00336485 appropriators in Congress continued to
2JGWiqA2h2g-01156-00336486-00336683 increase levels of assistance for
2JGWiqA2h2g-01157-00336684-00336977 Ukraine year after year our assistance
2JGWiqA2h2g-01158-00336978-00337109 includes programs to strengthen
2JGWiqA2h2g-01159-00337110-00337301 resilience and counter Russian malign
2JGWiqA2h2g-01160-00337302-00337607 influence in the media on the ground in
2JGWiqA2h2g-01161-00337608-00337760 the Donbass and on the seas around
2JGWiqA2h2g-01162-00337761-00338018 Crimea we will maintain the support for
2JGWiqA2h2g-01163-00338019-00338138 Ukraine's sovereignty and territorial
2JGWiqA2h2g-01164-00338139-00338318 integrity in the face of Russian
2JGWiqA2h2g-01165-00338319-00338552 aggression we will continue to stand
2JGWiqA2h2g-01166-00338553-00338684 with the people of Ukraine including
2JGWiqA2h2g-01167-00338685-00338978 those in Crimea as they seek a stable
2JGWiqA2h2g-01168-00338979-00339302 prosperous democratic and free Ukraine
2JGWiqA2h2g-01169-00339303-00339617 in the meantime it is also crucial that
2JGWiqA2h2g-01170-00339618-00339764 Ukraine do everything possible to
2JGWiqA2h2g-01171-00339765-00339986 strengthen its democracy and resilience
2JGWiqA2h2g-01172-00339987-00340220 against Russian aggression Ukraine's
2JGWiqA2h2g-01173-00340221-00340331 election this year which has been
2JGWiqA2h2g-01174-00340332-00340490 referenced several times starts in less
2JGWiqA2h2g-01175-00340491-00340712 than two weeks and it will be a crucial
2JGWiqA2h2g-01176-00340713-00340994 test of its democratic process the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01177-00340995-00341174 conduct of free and fair elections
2JGWiqA2h2g-01178-00341175-00341396 without harassment of civil society
2JGWiqA2h2g-01179-00341397-00341690 campaign staff or media is a standard
2JGWiqA2h2g-01180-00341691-00341843 that should not need to be repeated at
2JGWiqA2h2g-01181-00341844-00342215 this point M&A and several of the other
2JGWiqA2h2g-01182-00342216-00342389 speakers mentioned internally displaced
2JGWiqA2h2g-01183-00342390-00342671 people's Ukrainian officials also need
2JGWiqA2h2g-01184-00342672-00342899 to do what is necessary to ensure the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01185-00342900-00343058 rights of a tens of thousands of
2JGWiqA2h2g-01186-00343059-00343271 internally displaced peoples from Crimea
2JGWiqA2h2g-01187-00343272-00343448 and more than a million from the Donbass
2JGWiqA2h2g-01188-00343449-00343718 those living under occupation or who
2JGWiqA2h2g-01189-00343719-00343934 have temporarily fled repression and
2JGWiqA2h2g-01190-00343935-00344108 occupation have the right and
2JGWiqA2h2g-01191-00344109-00344267 expectation to be treated as full
2JGWiqA2h2g-01192-00344268-00344549 citizens in Ukraine all Ukrainians
2JGWiqA2h2g-01193-00344550-00344723 including crimeans also have the right
2JGWiqA2h2g-01194-00344724-00344915 to expect institutions with integrity
2JGWiqA2h2g-01195-00344916-00345143 and accountability with corruption
2JGWiqA2h2g-01196-00345144-00345359 minimized and justice for all
2JGWiqA2h2g-01197-00345360-00345614 here again despite recent setbacks and
2JGWiqA2h2g-01198-00345615-00345829 controversies the United States stands
2JGWiqA2h2g-01199-00345830-00346021 ready to do its part in support of the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01200-00346022-00346318 shared vision of a prosperous secure and
2JGWiqA2h2g-01201-00346319-00346600 accountable Ukraine regardless of the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01202-00346601-00346814 outcome of the upcoming elections our
2JGWiqA2h2g-01203-00346815-00346988 commitment to Ukraine and its people
2JGWiqA2h2g-01204-00346989-00347288 will remain unwavering the United States
2JGWiqA2h2g-01205-00347289-00347476 will continue to stand with the people
2JGWiqA2h2g-01206-00347477-00347656 of Ukraine as they build a strong
2JGWiqA2h2g-01207-00347657-00347990 successful democratic country one that
2JGWiqA2h2g-01208-00347991-00348140 eventually sees its borders and
2JGWiqA2h2g-01209-00348141-00348382 territories including Crimea fully
2JGWiqA2h2g-01210-00348383-00348679 restored so to conclude where I started
2JGWiqA2h2g-01211-00348680-00348892 Krim Sabrina
2JGWiqA2h2g-01212-00348893-00349327 Graham Luke reindeer Crimea is Ukraine
2JGWiqA2h2g-01213-00349328-00350323 Thank You Jo George thank you very much
2JGWiqA2h2g-01214-00350324-00350572 nice very nicely done ambassador John
2JGWiqA2h2g-01215-00350573-00350857 Herbst is now going to lead his panel
2JGWiqA2h2g-01216-00350858-00350998 very distinguished panel I will say
2JGWiqA2h2g-01217-00350999-00351481 Andrew Toria Nuland Heather Conley and
2JGWiqA2h2g-01218-00351482-00351737 Weiss please come to come up and and
2JGWiqA2h2g-01219-00351738-00352006 join us John will lead the panel through
2JGWiqA2h2g-01220-00352007-00352217 discussion probably have a couple of
2JGWiqA2h2g-01221-00352218-00352466 questions look forward to your questions
2JGWiqA2h2g-01222-00352467-00352702 this has been so far a great opportunity
2JGWiqA2h2g-01223-00352703-00352885 to have this conversation George thank
2JGWiqA2h2g-01224-00352886-00353116 you very much very nicely done John over
2JGWiqA2h2g-01225-00353117-00353644 to you that was a tough act to follow
2JGWiqA2h2g-01226-00353645-00353871 but we've got a great act coming up
2JGWiqA2h2g-01227-00353872-00354175 we've got three world-class experts here
2JGWiqA2h2g-01228-00354176-00354520 to walk us through what's going on in
2JGWiqA2h2g-01229-00354521-00355009 Crimea let me just mention one thing but
2JGWiqA2h2g-01230-00355010-00355435 before we start the title of this event
2JGWiqA2h2g-01231-00355436-00355669 is you know Crimea the occupation of
2JGWiqA2h2g-01232-00355670-00355897 Crimea and its relationship to World
2JGWiqA2h2g-01233-00355898-00356377 Order George who's always very good gave
2JGWiqA2h2g-01234-00356378-00356746 us part of the answer to that which is
2JGWiqA2h2g-01235-00356747-00357034 that what we're seeing in Crimea and for
2JGWiqA2h2g-01236-00357035-00357285 that matter in done boss reflects
2JGWiqA2h2g-01237-00357286-00357544 imperial revisionist ambitions of the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01238-00357545-00357924 Kremlin which do not end in Ukraine and
2JGWiqA2h2g-01239-00357925-00358198 yesterday I had the experience and I
2JGWiqA2h2g-01240-00358199-00358432 choose that now and carefully of
2JGWiqA2h2g-01241-00358433-00358897 appearing on a ca1 TV show called the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01242-00358898-00359012 great game
2JGWiqA2h2g-01243-00359013-00359438 which has as its moderators Dmitry Symes
2JGWiqA2h2g-01244-00359439-00359602 who was at the studio here in Washington
2JGWiqA2h2g-01245-00359603-00359809 where I joined him and Fiat just loved
2JGWiqA2h2g-01246-00359810-00359987 and he could often who I believe is the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01247-00359988-00360191 grandson of Molotov which is about which
2JGWiqA2h2g-01248-00360192-00360362 is relevant to his approach to
2JGWiqA2h2g-01249-00360363-00360614 international affairs but of course
2JGWiqA2h2g-01250-00360615-00360985 these this program which had four
2JGWiqA2h2g-01251-00360986-00361169 speakers who were defending Kremlin
2JGWiqA2h2g-01252-00361170-00361426 policy and me not quite adequately
2JGWiqA2h2g-01253-00361427-00361739 offering a counterpoint was devoted to
2JGWiqA2h2g-01254-00361740-00361984 the quote unquote great Russian victory
2JGWiqA2h2g-01255-00361985-00362500 in Crimea during the course of the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01256-00362501-00362833 exchange one of the four essentially
2JGWiqA2h2g-01257-00362834-00363071 spewing the Kremlin line underneath
2JGWiqA2h2g-01258-00363072-00363493 McCadden jaan made the mistake in
2JGWiqA2h2g-01259-00363494-00363784 responding to me of saying X not
2JGWiqA2h2g-01260-00363785-00363944 responding to me excuse me just in
2JGWiqA2h2g-01261-00363945-00364177 passing that well you know at the time
2JGWiqA2h2g-01262-00364178-00364514 of the fall of the Soviet Union but to
2JGWiqA2h2g-01263-00364515-00364633 be elevator pusher which were the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01264-00364634-00364804 agreements which led to the demise of
2JGWiqA2h2g-01265-00364805-00365039 the Soviet Union many territories
2JGWiqA2h2g-01266-00365040-00365537 escaped from Moscow's control so that
2JGWiqA2h2g-01267-00365538-00365758 was the one opening I really had and I
2JGWiqA2h2g-01268-00365759-00365977 jumped on it and said you know mr.
2JGWiqA2h2g-01269-00365978-00366232 McKinnon jaan pointed out why the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01270-00366233-00366421 Kremlin aggression in Ukraine is so
2JGWiqA2h2g-01271-00366422-00366610 important to the West in the United
2JGWiqA2h2g-01272-00366611-00366874 States one Ukraine itself is of
2JGWiqA2h2g-01273-00366875-00367102 importance but two it doesn't end in
2JGWiqA2h2g-01274-00367103-00367420 done boss Moscow's imperial ambitions go
2JGWiqA2h2g-01275-00367421-00367613 well beyond that and that's precisely
2JGWiqA2h2g-01276-00367614-00367831 the point which is why the United States
2JGWiqA2h2g-01277-00367832-00367996 has a vital stake in helping Ukraine
2JGWiqA2h2g-01278-00367997-00368254 deal with Kremlin aggression what
2JGWiqA2h2g-01279-00368255-00368387 stopped them where they're fighting and
2JGWiqA2h2g-01280-00368388-00368554 done boss so they don't move elsewhere
2JGWiqA2h2g-01281-00368555-00369108 and with that let's turn to our panel
2JGWiqA2h2g-01282-00369109-00369403 and you I'd like to start with you if
2JGWiqA2h2g-01283-00369404-00369695 you could provide some sense as you see
2JGWiqA2h2g-01284-00369696-00369962 Kremlin motivation and going into Crimea
2JGWiqA2h2g-01285-00369963-00370070 and for that matter what they're doing
2JGWiqA2h2g-01286-00370071-00370412 in Ukraine thanks John and thanks very
2JGWiqA2h2g-01287-00370413-00370624 much to ambassador Taylor and best for
2JGWiqA2h2g-01288-00370625-00370834 Charlie for being here today it's it's
2JGWiqA2h2g-01289-00370835-00371018 great honor and it's obviously a very
2JGWiqA2h2g-01290-00371019-00371359 solemn occasion I think people in our
2JGWiqA2h2g-01291-00371360-00371596 line of work as Russia experts all have
2JGWiqA2h2g-01292-00371597-00371821 to continue to display a real degree of
2JGWiqA2h2g-01293-00371822-00372111 humility about our ability both to
2JGWiqA2h2g-01294-00372112-00372304 understand what's going on today but let
2JGWiqA2h2g-01295-00372305-00372526 alone predict the future and if you step
2JGWiqA2h2g-01296-00372527-00372697 back and you think about the sweep of
2JGWiqA2h2g-01297-00372698-00372880 the past 30 odd years in that region
2JGWiqA2h2g-01298-00372881-00373081 very few of us would have ever predicted
2JGWiqA2h2g-01299-00373082-00373300 that a mid-level and pretty
2JGWiqA2h2g-01300-00373301-00373456 undistinguished intelligence operative
2JGWiqA2h2g-01301-00373457-00373648 named Glenn diem or Putin would emerge
2JGWiqA2h2g-01302-00373649-00373846 as the leader of Russia let alone one of
2JGWiqA2h2g-01303-00373847-00374029 the world's longest standing rulers and
2JGWiqA2h2g-01304-00374030-00374275 someone who has kind of put his stamp on
2JGWiqA2h2g-01305-00374276-00374443 the international scene with tremendous
2JGWiqA2h2g-01306-00374444-00374650 force secondly I think people would not
2JGWiqA2h2g-01307-00374651-00374827 have predicted that we would be dealing
2JGWiqA2h2g-01308-00374828-00375130 with Russia today which has become far
2JGWiqA2h2g-01309-00375131-00375319 wealthier far stronger far more powerful
2JGWiqA2h2g-01310-00375320-00375499 militarily on far more influential
2JGWiqA2h2g-01311-00375500-00375700 internationally than all of us who
2JGWiqA2h2g-01312-00375701-00375949 worked on these issues in the 90s we're
2JGWiqA2h2g-01313-00375950-00376219 anticipating third I think very few of
2JGWiqA2h2g-01314-00376220-00376426 us would have anticipated that we would
2JGWiqA2h2g-01315-00376427-00376870 be dealing five years on with events in
2JGWiqA2h2g-01316-00376871-00377128 Ukraine that I think is a large surprise
2JGWiqA2h2g-01317-00377129-00377334 to many of us the revolution of dignity
2JGWiqA2h2g-01318-00377335-00377569 Russian aggression against Ukraine and
2JGWiqA2h2g-01319-00377570-00377905 seizure of Crimea likewise I think few
2JGWiqA2h2g-01320-00377906-00378121 of us would have predicted Russian
2JGWiqA2h2g-01321-00378122-00378259 intervention in Syria which has
2JGWiqA2h2g-01322-00378260-00378505 decisively turned the turn direction of
2JGWiqA2h2g-01323-00378506-00378679 that Civil War few of us would have
2JGWiqA2h2g-01324-00378680-00378829 anticipated that Russia would intervene
2JGWiqA2h2g-01325-00378830-00379339 so undisguised leaves so blatantly in US
2JGWiqA2h2g-01326-00379340-00379531 domestic politics on behalf of a single
2JGWiqA2h2g-01327-00379532-00379828 presidential candidate and then likewise
2JGWiqA2h2g-01328-00379829-00380080 I think very few of us could and this is
2JGWiqA2h2g-01329-00380081-00380314 the happy Nautilus see five years on
2JGWiqA2h2g-01330-00380315-00380485 that Ukraine has solidified its
2JGWiqA2h2g-01331-00380486-00380755 sovereignty and its independence rebuilt
2JGWiqA2h2g-01332-00380756-00381034 its institutions on the democratic
2JGWiqA2h2g-01333-00381035-00381325 footing and safeguarded its its
2JGWiqA2h2g-01334-00381326-00381658 independence all of these events as john
2JGWiqA2h2g-01335-00381659-00381805 was alluding to are occurring against a
2JGWiqA2h2g-01336-00381806-00381991 backdrop of sweeping international
2JGWiqA2h2g-01337-00381992-00382246 changes and Russia is not the architect
2JGWiqA2h2g-01338-00382247-00382393 those international changes but it's
2JGWiqA2h2g-01339-00382394-00382537 certainly very opportunistically
2JGWiqA2h2g-01340-00382538-00382753 plays on them too it's take advantage
2JGWiqA2h2g-01341-00382754-00382951 and to throw its adversaries off-balance
2JGWiqA2h2g-01342-00382952-00383419 so just quickly we are seeing across the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01343-00383420-00383584 world not just in this particular region
2JGWiqA2h2g-01344-00383585-00383824 a rebalancing of military economic and
2JGWiqA2h2g-01345-00383825-00384049 political power we're seeing the rise of
2JGWiqA2h2g-01346-00384050-00384292 ethnic and populist nationalism
2JGWiqA2h2g-01347-00384293-00384420 including in this country unfortunately
2JGWiqA2h2g-01348-00384421-00384745 we're seeing forces of fragmentation and
2JGWiqA2h2g-01349-00384746-00384829 division and the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01350-00384830-00385045 fracturing a regional order we're seeing
2JGWiqA2h2g-01351-00385046-00385282 the spillover of a dysfunctional and
2JGWiqA2h2g-01352-00385283-00385447 broken middle east and we're seeing
2JGWiqA2h2g-01353-00385448-00385648 sweeping technological changes so again
2JGWiqA2h2g-01354-00385649-00385801 those are that's the backdrop for
2JGWiqA2h2g-01355-00385802-00385930 everything that we're going to talk
2JGWiqA2h2g-01356-00385931-00386245 about in this panel and if you drill
2JGWiqA2h2g-01357-00386246-00386395 down and you look at what Russia is
2JGWiqA2h2g-01358-00386396-00386548 doing and this comes back to John's
2JGWiqA2h2g-01359-00386549-00386770 direct question we're seeing a very
2JGWiqA2h2g-01360-00386771-00387028 opportunistic Russia a leader who acts
2JGWiqA2h2g-01361-00387029-00387181 and possibly I don't think the Deemer
2JGWiqA2h2g-01362-00387182-00387414 Putin went to sleep on New Year's Eve
2JGWiqA2h2g-01363-00387415-00387622 2014 thinking that just a few months
2JGWiqA2h2g-01364-00387623-00387973 later he would be at war in Ukraine that
2JGWiqA2h2g-01365-00387974-00388204 he would have seized you Crimea by force
2JGWiqA2h2g-01366-00388205-00388456 and be conducting a covert war of
2JGWiqA2h2g-01367-00388457-00388654 aggression in eastern Ukraine so all
2JGWiqA2h2g-01368-00388655-00389013 these events have I think unfortunately
2JGWiqA2h2g-01369-00389014-00389395 taken their course not because of some
2JGWiqA2h2g-01370-00389396-00389638 Russian grand plan but in part due to a
2JGWiqA2h2g-01371-00389639-00390001 pattern of impulsiveness and opportunism
2JGWiqA2h2g-01372-00390002-00390247 which continues to this day and what
2JGWiqA2h2g-01373-00390248-00390460 they've also seen and this comes back as
2JGWiqA2h2g-01374-00390461-00390640 well to what John was pointing to is
2JGWiqA2h2g-01375-00390641-00390862 that it's not over and that the Russian
2JGWiqA2h2g-01376-00390863-00391003 leadership views much of what it is
2JGWiqA2h2g-01377-00391004-00391258 doing today as a response to an
2JGWiqA2h2g-01378-00391259-00391447 existential threat there is a deep I
2JGWiqA2h2g-01379-00391448-00391705 think and sincere belief that the West
2JGWiqA2h2g-01380-00391706-00391939 seeks regime change in Russia and so
2JGWiqA2h2g-01381-00391940-00392133 that the way Russia pushes back about
2JGWiqA2h2g-01382-00392134-00392428 against that threat is to use the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01383-00392429-00392671 asymmetrical advantages it has and those
2JGWiqA2h2g-01384-00392672-00392854 were eliminated and enumerated by George
2JGWiqA2h2g-01385-00392855-00393091 very ably and describing the kinds of
2JGWiqA2h2g-01386-00393092-00393376 tactics Russia is using to undermine the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01387-00393377-00393538 international order and to make sure
2JGWiqA2h2g-01388-00393539-00393769 that its adversaries stay off balance
2JGWiqA2h2g-01389-00393770-00393973 and I fear and this is maybe I'll
2JGWiqA2h2g-01390-00393974-00394123 conclude here and I'll pass it back to
2JGWiqA2h2g-01391-00394124-00394363 John the the West remains sort of
2JGWiqA2h2g-01392-00394364-00394606 fundamentally on the backfoot and as
2JGWiqA2h2g-01393-00394607-00394885 much as our resolute policy response and
2JGWiqA2h2g-01394-00394886-00395053 our determination to promote unity
2JGWiqA2h2g-01395-00395054-00395266 between the US and Europe and other
2JGWiqA2h2g-01396-00395267-00395458 international partners and support of
2JGWiqA2h2g-01397-00395459-00395599 Ukrainian sovereignty independence
2JGWiqA2h2g-01398-00395600-00395821 territorial integrity should remain
2JGWiqA2h2g-01399-00395822-00396253 enduring and and unchanged the reality
2JGWiqA2h2g-01400-00396254-00396448 is is that we've seen particularly since
2JGWiqA2h2g-01401-00396449-00396619 the arrival of a new administration of
2JGWiqA2h2g-01402-00396620-00396772 Washington that that unity is fraying
2JGWiqA2h2g-01403-00396773-00397132 and so sort of job one is to sort of
2JGWiqA2h2g-01404-00397133-00397375 stop doing and to stop undermining some
2JGWiqA2h2g-01405-00397376-00397447 of the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01406-00397448-00397584 the important policy framework that
2JGWiqA2h2g-01407-00397585-00397951 Orion others put in place after 2014
2JGWiqA2h2g-01408-00397952-00398203 it's to shore up Western unity and to
2JGWiqA2h2g-01409-00398204-00398431 show that there's a cost to the kind of
2JGWiqA2h2g-01410-00398432-00398563 aggression and tactics Russia is
2JGWiqA2h2g-01411-00398564-00398878 employing and then to show our support
2JGWiqA2h2g-01412-00398879-00399076 for Ukrainian independence and
2JGWiqA2h2g-01413-00399077-00399355 sovereignty going forward how a manager
2JGWiqA2h2g-01414-00399356-00399448 like to give you one more question
2JGWiqA2h2g-01415-00399449-00399814 before turning to Heather I commend to
2JGWiqA2h2g-01416-00399815-00400042 everyone's attention so we understand
2JGWiqA2h2g-01417-00400043-00400294 better what's going on in Moscow the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01418-00400295-00400537 speech did general got awesome of the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01419-00400538-00400891 height of the forces gave a week or so
2JGWiqA2h2g-01420-00400892-00401254 ago and he said something very
2JGWiqA2h2g-01421-00401255-00401512 interesting is it's very many things we
2JGWiqA2h2g-01422-00401513-00401754 were interesting one of which was that
2JGWiqA2h2g-01423-00401755-00402108 Moscow is pursuing an aggressive policy
2JGWiqA2h2g-01424-00402109-00402469 actually acknowledged that as a form of
2JGWiqA2h2g-01425-00402470-00402979 defense now my analysis but I want yours
2JGWiqA2h2g-01426-00402980-00403192 Andrews is that he did that because
2JGWiqA2h2g-01427-00403193-00403519 polls have shown for months now Levada
2JGWiqA2h2g-01428-00403520-00403681 Center poles right Levada some of the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01429-00403682-00403924 premier polling institution in Moscow
2JGWiqA2h2g-01430-00403925-00404157 have showed for months now that the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01431-00404158-00404392 Russian people by a clear majority want
2JGWiqA2h2g-01432-00404393-00404575 an improvement of relations with the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01433-00404576-00404950 West so he was in a sense explaining to
2JGWiqA2h2g-01434-00404951-00405166 the Russian people why the Kremlin is
2JGWiqA2h2g-01435-00405167-00405322 doing something which perhaps the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01436-00405323-00405490 Kremlin thinks they Russian people don't
2JGWiqA2h2g-01437-00405491-00405754 fully accept your comments
2JGWiqA2h2g-01438-00405755-00405997 Russian people don't get a vote on their
2JGWiqA2h2g-01439-00405998-00406165 leaders foreign policy this is a
2JGWiqA2h2g-01440-00406166-00406675 top-down very elite driven country it is
2JGWiqA2h2g-01441-00406676-00406972 a country which is also very nimble and
2JGWiqA2h2g-01442-00406973-00407149 finds justifications based on whatever
2JGWiqA2h2g-01443-00407150-00407353 is going on at a particular moment for
2JGWiqA2h2g-01444-00407354-00407602 what it's doing it can vary without any
2JGWiqA2h2g-01445-00407603-00407803 embarrassment claim that it hasn't
2JGWiqA2h2g-01446-00407804-00408037 interfered in Western democracies it can
2JGWiqA2h2g-01447-00408038-00408183 claim that it's not conducting
2JGWiqA2h2g-01448-00408184-00408418 aggression against Ukraine and it's
2JGWiqA2h2g-01449-00408419-00408646 military leaders can say what you just
2JGWiqA2h2g-01450-00408647-00408997 described my concern is that we've seen
2JGWiqA2h2g-01451-00408998-00409219 that they mean business and they
2JGWiqA2h2g-01452-00409220-00409452 continue to be willing to use escalation
2JGWiqA2h2g-01453-00409453-00409653 elements of surprise in to conduct
2JGWiqA2h2g-01454-00409654-00409807 foreign policy that basically looks like
2JGWiqA2h2g-01455-00409808-00410053 one big covert action to throw us off
2JGWiqA2h2g-01456-00410054-00410349 balance and those are very real tactics
2JGWiqA2h2g-01457-00410350-00410499 that are very dangerous and we've seen
2JGWiqA2h2g-01458-00410500-00410718 in Syria as well that Russia is willing
2JGWiqA2h2g-01459-00410720-00410755 to do
2JGWiqA2h2g-01460-00410756-00410955 liberally court danger and to incur it
2JGWiqA2h2g-01461-00410956-00411189 and to use those tactics to push us off
2JGWiqA2h2g-01462-00411191-00411367 balance and to make us back off and the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01463-00411368-00411543 goal for Western policymakers has to be
2JGWiqA2h2g-01464-00411545-00411843 to show that we're solid we're steady
2JGWiqA2h2g-01465-00411845-00411968 and we're not going to be intimidated
2JGWiqA2h2g-01466-00411970-00412288 that that's very astute analysis now
2JGWiqA2h2g-01467-00412289-00412477 you've said as part of your analysis
2JGWiqA2h2g-01468-00412478-00412717 that you're not sweet or the West
2JGWiqA2h2g-01469-00412718-00413007 understands us and so with that as an
2JGWiqA2h2g-01470-00413008-00413334 entree Heather the European assessment
2JGWiqA2h2g-01471-00413335-00413695 to extend to talk of more than one
2JGWiqA2h2g-01472-00413696-00413772 perspective in Europe the European
2JGWiqA2h2g-01473-00413774-00414129 assessment of the core of common policy
2JGWiqA2h2g-01474-00414130-00414427 well John thank you Phil thank you so
2JGWiqA2h2g-01475-00414428-00414582 much maybe I'll just be a little
2JGWiqA2h2g-01476-00414583-00414754 counterintuitive to something that
2JGWiqA2h2g-01477-00414755-00415014 Andrew said about the the humility of
2JGWiqA2h2g-01478-00415016-00415393 which we should approach this we did
2JGWiqA2h2g-01479-00415393-00415672 hear voices from Europe that warned us
2JGWiqA2h2g-01480-00415672-00415921 this could be a possibility in the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01481-00415922-00416152 Baltic States in Central Europe we heard
2JGWiqA2h2g-01482-00416153-00416389 those voices but we didn't pay attention
2JGWiqA2h2g-01483-00416389-00416638 to those voices and if you look back and
2JGWiqA2h2g-01484-00416639-00416880 I was so glad that the Gorge pulled back
2JGWiqA2h2g-01485-00416881-00417147 a little bit and looked at the totality
2JGWiqA2h2g-01486-00417149-00417292 of the region and I don't want to take
2JGWiqA2h2g-01487-00417293-00417526 anything away from the concentration
2JGWiqA2h2g-01488-00417527-00417789 that we must place on Crimea and events
2JGWiqA2h2g-01489-00417791-00418096 in the Donbass but if you look back this
2JGWiqA2h2g-01490-00418097-00418255 has been a pattern which has been
2JGWiqA2h2g-01491-00418256-00418572 established since 1999 when Russian
2JGWiqA2h2g-01492-00418574-00418834 forces refused to leave Transnistria
2JGWiqA2h2g-01493-00418835-00419176 Moldova and then it grew in 2008 to the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01494-00419177-00419431 Georgia Russian crisis and now we have
2JGWiqA2h2g-01495-00419432-00419722 the most acute phase five years ago with
2JGWiqA2h2g-01496-00419722-00419964 the most devastating consequences for
2JGWiqA2h2g-01497-00419966-00420283 Ukraine so sometimes I feel like we
2JGWiqA2h2g-01498-00420284-00420676 don't want to see this we don't want to
2JGWiqA2h2g-01499-00420677-00420877 address it and and I again George I
2JGWiqA2h2g-01500-00420878-00421143 really appreciate your comments to say
2JGWiqA2h2g-01501-00421145-00421501 the West is struggling with this the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01502-00421502-00421714 asymmetry is that we don't want
2JGWiqA2h2g-01503-00421714-00422017 confrontation we don't want conflict we
2JGWiqA2h2g-01504-00422018-00422385 want to address this diplomatically we
2JGWiqA2h2g-01505-00422387-00422659 want to manage this in a way but the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01506-00422660-00422917 challenge is the Kremlin understands our
2JGWiqA2h2g-01507-00422918-00423241 need not to confront and helps us by
2JGWiqA2h2g-01508-00423242-00423442 putting us in diplomatic cul-de-sacs
2JGWiqA2h2g-01509-00423443-00423742 that can't be resolved Moldova it's the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01510-00423743-00424009 5+2 process in Georgia it's the Geneva
2JGWiqA2h2g-01511-00424010-00424078 process
2JGWiqA2h2g-01512-00424079-00424297 and now for Ukraine it's the Minsk
2JGWiqA2h2g-01513-00424297-00424558 process normally these are designed not
2JGWiqA2h2g-01514-00424559-00424935 to go anywhere and so the creeping push
2JGWiqA2h2g-01515-00424935-00425245 borders and ceasefire violations and it
2JGWiqA2h2g-01516-00425246-00425464 was very much I think to the to the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01517-00425464-00425872 powerful conversation of our speakers it
2JGWiqA2h2g-01518-00425872-00426127 is designed for us to forget about it
2JGWiqA2h2g-01519-00426128-00426454 accept it it's not going away until the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01520-00426455-00426787 creeping integration annexation happens
2JGWiqA2h2g-01521-00426788-00427201 again so we did hear voices but we chose
2JGWiqA2h2g-01522-00427202-00427372 to say no no no this isn't going to
2JGWiqA2h2g-01523-00427372-00427693 happen we're okay we got this this has
2JGWiqA2h2g-01524-00427693-00427939 been happening for a very long time this
2JGWiqA2h2g-01525-00427939-00428278 is a creeping Russian onsh loose and the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01526-00428279-00428476 European I would argue the transatlantic
2JGWiqA2h2g-01527-00428477-00428929 response has been as best as we can make
2JGWiqA2h2g-01528-00428930-00429289 it but it has been insufficient for this
2JGWiqA2h2g-01529-00429289-00429508 crisis but I do agree the humility we
2JGWiqA2h2g-01530-00429509-00429721 all must face but we did hear voices and
2JGWiqA2h2g-01531-00429722-00429862 I just think we we did not pay
2JGWiqA2h2g-01532-00429863-00430243 sufficient attention to them okay you
2JGWiqA2h2g-01533-00430243-00430564 were truly the backbone of the Obama
2JGWiqA2h2g-01534-00430564-00430741 administration and responding to
2JGWiqA2h2g-01535-00430742-00430984 Moscow's aggression in Ukraine if you
2JGWiqA2h2g-01536-00430985-00431206 give us some sense that US policy then
2JGWiqA2h2g-01537-00431207-00431632 and now well thanks John and thanks to
2JGWiqA2h2g-01538-00431633-00431833 Bill the Institute of Peace and the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01539-00431834-00432018 Atlantic Council to ambassador Charlie
2JGWiqA2h2g-01540-00432020-00432295 and to our Ukrainian and Crimean Tartars
2JGWiqA2h2g-01541-00432296-00432666 gasps I am honored to be part of this
2JGWiqA2h2g-01542-00432667-00433132 event it is absolutely essential that we
2JGWiqA2h2g-01543-00433133-00433405 not only never forget but that we keep
2JGWiqA2h2g-01544-00433406-00433708 these issues front and center in minds
2JGWiqA2h2g-01545-00433709-00434050 in Washington and across the free and
2JGWiqA2h2g-01546-00434051-00434322 liberal world so I'm very pleased to be
2JGWiqA2h2g-01547-00434324-00434806 here today you know some people have
2JGWiqA2h2g-01548-00434807-00435243 said that we were surprised by the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01549-00435245-00435468 seizure of Crimea I think there were
2JGWiqA2h2g-01550-00435470-00435688 some in Washington who were surprised
2JGWiqA2h2g-01551-00435689-00435927 but we began worrying about this as
2JGWiqA2h2g-01552-00435928-00436432 early as December of 2013 and I remember
2JGWiqA2h2g-01553-00436433-00436614 sitting in two rounds of negotiations
2JGWiqA2h2g-01554-00436616-00436989 between secretary Kerry and foreign
2JGWiqA2h2g-01555-00436991-00437297 minister Lavrov before
2JGWiqA2h2g-01556-00437298-00437622 the occupation of Crimea trying to head
2JGWiqA2h2g-01557-00437622-00437847 it off trying to create a negotiated
2JGWiqA2h2g-01558-00437847-00438110 framework and then two further rounds
2JGWiqA2h2g-01559-00438112-00438362 after Crimea and before the entry into
2JGWiqA2h2g-01560-00438363-00438539 don boss
2JGWiqA2h2g-01561-00438540-00439089 I agree with Andrew that the Russians
2JGWiqA2h2g-01562-00439089-00439353 have been opportunistic but I don't
2JGWiqA2h2g-01563-00439354-00439554 agree with him that they don't plan I
2JGWiqA2h2g-01564-00439555-00439737 think there's been a lot of planning and
2JGWiqA2h2g-01565-00439738-00440024 there is continual planning the way the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01566-00440025-00440427 move into Crimea worked clearly was the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01567-00440428-00440706 result of extensive military and
2JGWiqA2h2g-01568-00440707-00440945 political planning and the speed with
2JGWiqA2h2g-01569-00440946-00441453 which the security occupation first and
2JGWiqA2h2g-01570-00441454-00441681 then the effort to politically
2JGWiqA2h2g-01571-00441682-00442005 legitimize happened indicates that there
2JGWiqA2h2g-01572-00442006-00442268 was a lot of planning afterwards
2JGWiqA2h2g-01573-00442269-00442818 I mean beforehand our immediate effort
2JGWiqA2h2g-01574-00442818-00443130 and this was the first of a long series
2JGWiqA2h2g-01575-00443131-00443418 of efforts to try to stay together with
2JGWiqA2h2g-01576-00443418-00443751 our European Canadian and other global
2JGWiqA2h2g-01577-00443752-00444045 allies including Japan and Korea to the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01578-00444046-00444522 extent that we could was designed first
2JGWiqA2h2g-01579-00444522-00444818 and foremost as you know to deny
2JGWiqA2h2g-01580-00444818-00445241 political legal legitimacy to deny
2JGWiqA2h2g-01581-00445242-00445704 economic opportunity but also to make
2JGWiqA2h2g-01582-00445705-00445941 clear to the world that this was an
2JGWiqA2h2g-01583-00445942-00446516 issue of global legal precedence that if
2JGWiqA2h2g-01584-00446517-00446862 you allow a country to bite off a piece
2JGWiqA2h2g-01585-00446863-00447089 of its neighbor then that can happen
2JGWiqA2h2g-01586-00447090-00447474 anywhere by anyone so that moves
2JGWiqA2h2g-01587-00447475-00447654 happened relatively quickly what was
2JGWiqA2h2g-01588-00447655-00447974 harder to organize were the sanctions
2JGWiqA2h2g-01589-00447975-00448302 but the fact that we relatively quickly
2JGWiqA2h2g-01590-00448303-00448482 especially as compared to later
2JGWiqA2h2g-01591-00448483-00448689 difficulties that we had organizing Ford
2JGWiqA2h2g-01592-00448689-00449141 on bus which was slower although equally
2JGWiqA2h2g-01593-00449142-00449535 impactful in some ways because of the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01594-00449535-00449724 violence of the way Crimea happened
2JGWiqA2h2g-01595-00449725-00449943 because of the extrema legitimacy
2JGWiqA2h2g-01596-00449943-00450162 because it was impossible to hide the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01597-00450163-00450393 Russian hand we very quickly were able
2JGWiqA2h2g-01598-00450393-00450534 to
2JGWiqA2h2g-01599-00450535-00450828 sanction all economic activity by the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01600-00450829-00451263 West into Crimea the piece of it that we
2JGWiqA2h2g-01601-00451264-00451533 didn't completely and the idea there was
2JGWiqA2h2g-01602-00451534-00451964 to again make the make the cost of
2JGWiqA2h2g-01603-00451964-00452505 managing Crimea high for the Kremlin and
2JGWiqA2h2g-01604-00452506-00452847 to ensure that if you bite off a piece
2JGWiqA2h2g-01605-00452847-00453054 of another country it dries up in your
2JGWiqA2h2g-01606-00453055-00453420 mouth that was the theory what I would
2JGWiqA2h2g-01607-00453421-00453722 argue though is that we have begun to
2JGWiqA2h2g-01608-00453724-00454197 disarm over the last at least two years
2JGWiqA2h2g-01609-00454197-00454493 in terms of the way we approach the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01610-00454495-00454920 continued creeping Russian efforts to
2JGWiqA2h2g-01611-00454921-00455277 cause folks to forget to take further
2JGWiqA2h2g-01612-00455278-00455733 action whether it's in Donbass or Syria
2JGWiqA2h2g-01613-00455734-00456122 or Crimea or across the the curse Strait
2JGWiqA2h2g-01614-00456122-00456483 and there's you know one example is the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01615-00456484-00456772 bridge over over purse
2JGWiqA2h2g-01616-00456774-00457193 we should have understood that this was
2JGWiqA2h2g-01617-00457195-00457659 not simply a physical way of supplying
2JGWiqA2h2g-01618-00457660-00458007 Crimea that it was a security play that
2JGWiqA2h2g-01619-00458008-00458229 it was a political play that it was an
2JGWiqA2h2g-01620-00458230-00458571 economic play and that the goal of it
2JGWiqA2h2g-01621-00458572-00458934 was to make a Russian lake within Azoff
2JGWiqA2h2g-01622-00458935-00459234 to increase their territorial hold on
2JGWiqA2h2g-01623-00459235-00459528 the eastern portions of Ukraine to
2JGWiqA2h2g-01624-00459529-00459858 ensure that marry opal and berdyansk as
2JGWiqA2h2g-01625-00459859-00460452 ports are under the economic thumb of
2JGWiqA2h2g-01626-00460453-00460971 Moscow and that the political reach of
2JGWiqA2h2g-01627-00460972-00461253 the Donbass operation could connect I
2JGWiqA2h2g-01628-00461254-00461427 remember in the early days of d'en bas
2JGWiqA2h2g-01629-00461428-00461775 we were concerned about a land grab from
2JGWiqA2h2g-01630-00461776-00462177 Donbass across to Crimea and a lot of
2JGWiqA2h2g-01631-00462178-00462372 the sanctioning and other support we did
2JGWiqA2h2g-01632-00462372-00462588 to Ukraine for Ukraine was designed to
2JGWiqA2h2g-01633-00462589-00462816 ensure that that didn't happen and then
2JGWiqA2h2g-01634-00462817-00463109 again in 15 when we worried about that
2JGWiqA2h2g-01635-00463110-00463422 what the Kremlin has achieved now with
2JGWiqA2h2g-01636-00463422-00463591 this bridge
2JGWiqA2h2g-01637-00463592-00463810 is an effort to control the territory
2JGWiqA2h2g-01638-00463812-00464089 without having to police the territory
2JGWiqA2h2g-01639-00464090-00464500 if you will so the question becomes
2JGWiqA2h2g-01640-00464501-00465160 where where were we in March April May
2JGWiqA2h2g-01641-00465162-00465493 June of 18
2JGWiqA2h2g-01642-00465494-00465680 I know where George was I don't know
2JGWiqA2h2g-01643-00465681-00465851 where the rest of the administration and
2JGWiqA2h2g-01644-00465852-00466091 the rest of Europe was as the harassment
2JGWiqA2h2g-01645-00466092-00466412 of Ukrainian shipping was beginning as
2JGWiqA2h2g-01646-00466413-00466816 the first efforts to gain control of
2JGWiqA2h2g-01647-00466817-00467201 that territory was beginning as has
2JGWiqA2h2g-01648-00467202-00467459 already been said perhaps we didn't want
2JGWiqA2h2g-01649-00467460-00467732 to see so we waited until the crisis
2JGWiqA2h2g-01650-00467733-00468091 emerged and even after the crisis where
2JGWiqA2h2g-01651-00468092-00468443 were we in trying to increase our
2JGWiqA2h2g-01652-00468443-00468622 presence in the Black Sea we're only
2JGWiqA2h2g-01653-00468623-00468818 just getting there now where were we in
2JGWiqA2h2g-01654-00468818-00469078 terms of supporting the Ukrainians
2JGWiqA2h2g-01655-00469079-00469508 Ukrainian naval capacity where were we
2JGWiqA2h2g-01656-00469509-00469768 in terms of a fast ready
2JGWiqA2h2g-01657-00469768-00470110 sanctions reaction I do commend the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01658-00470112-00470258 administration for the sanctions that
2JGWiqA2h2g-01659-00470259-00470384 were put on on Friday
2JGWiqA2h2g-01660-00470385-00470791 I think they importantly highlight the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01661-00470792-00471053 fact that Russia's intention in Crimea
2JGWiqA2h2g-01662-00471054-00471227 was not to improve the life of citizens
2JGWiqA2h2g-01663-00471228-00471464 even of Russian citizens it was to
2JGWiqA2h2g-01664-00471464-00471850 create a massive military base and a
2JGWiqA2h2g-01665-00471851-00472166 massive effort to exploit the natural
2JGWiqA2h2g-01666-00472167-00472529 resources to self-finance their
2JGWiqA2h2g-01667-00472530-00472720 adventure in Crimea which is getting
2JGWiqA2h2g-01668-00472721-00472925 more and more expensive not just
2JGWiqA2h2g-01669-00472926-00473137 managing Crimea but the bridge itself
2JGWiqA2h2g-01670-00473138-00473547 and so when we put on sanctions that
2JGWiqA2h2g-01671-00473548-00473801 focus the attention on the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01672-00473802-00474053 militarization of the peninsula which
2JGWiqA2h2g-01673-00474054-00474431 sanction energy companies that are
2JGWiqA2h2g-01674-00474432-00474614 trying to export and therefore
2JGWiqA2h2g-01675-00474614-00474854 self-financed that's important but it's
2JGWiqA2h2g-01676-00474855-00475202 not as much as our Crimean friends have
2JGWiqA2h2g-01677-00475203-00475360 asked for and our Crimean Tartars
2JGWiqA2h2g-01678-00475362-00475538 friends have asked for which is to
2JGWiqA2h2g-01679-00475539-00475920 ensure that there are that every major
2JGWiqA2h2g-01680-00475921-00476180 enterprise in Crimea is subject to
2JGWiqA2h2g-01681-00476181-00476512 sanctions but most importantly the thing
2JGWiqA2h2g-01682-00476513-00476739 that worked best in the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01683-00476739-00477020 Bhama term was when we and Europe could
2JGWiqA2h2g-01684-00477021-00477443 together free agree on a set of
2JGWiqA2h2g-01685-00477444-00477791 sanctions and hold them up and explain
2JGWiqA2h2g-01686-00477792-00478122 to Russia what would happen next if they
2JGWiqA2h2g-01687-00478122-00478455 took further action often we were late
2JGWiqA2h2g-01688-00478456-00478791 in this after the bolts of ax for
2JGWiqA2h2g-01689-00478792-00479259 example but it did have a deterrent
2JGWiqA2h2g-01690-00479260-00479568 effect on next action so you know where
2JGWiqA2h2g-01691-00479568-00479741 I sitting in the old chair where I
2JGWiqA2h2g-01692-00479742-00479979 sitting with folks who wanted to get
2JGWiqA2h2g-01693-00479980-00480264 ahead of this as andrew has said first
2JGWiqA2h2g-01694-00480264-00480483 and foremost always together with Europe
2JGWiqA2h2g-01695-00480484-00480777 so the the fact that we have lost our
2JGWiqA2h2g-01696-00480778-00480981 transatlantic unity not only on this
2JGWiqA2h2g-01697-00480982-00481247 issue but on so many other issues and I
2JGWiqA2h2g-01698-00481248-00481410 commend George for the fact that this is
2JGWiqA2h2g-01699-00481410-00481680 the only actual step of transatlantic
2JGWiqA2h2g-01700-00481681-00481926 unity in a long time the set of
2JGWiqA2h2g-01701-00481927-00482085 sanctions that were done on Friday but
2JGWiqA2h2g-01702-00482085-00482514 they were late and perhaps not enough so
2JGWiqA2h2g-01703-00482514-00482835 transatlantic unity free world unity
2JGWiqA2h2g-01704-00482835-00483138 first and foremost number two an
2JGWiqA2h2g-01705-00483139-00483384 escalating a willingness a demonstration
2JGWiqA2h2g-01706-00483385-00483675 of willingness to escalate which will
2JGWiqA2h2g-01707-00483676-00483914 cut in ways that will cost Russia
2JGWiqA2h2g-01708-00483915-00484254 politically and economically and an
2JGWiqA2h2g-01709-00484255-00484479 ability to move far more quickly than we
2JGWiqA2h2g-01710-00484480-00484697 have it's it's difficult we wrestled
2JGWiqA2h2g-01711-00484698-00485007 with that as well or absolutely
2JGWiqA2h2g-01712-00485008-00485241 essential but I also want to shout out
2JGWiqA2h2g-01713-00485242-00485397 something that George said at the end
2JGWiqA2h2g-01714-00485397-00485741 which is the greatest antidote to the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01715-00485742-00486114 Russian model is a successful democratic
2JGWiqA2h2g-01716-00486114-00486525 free clean just model right on its
2JGWiqA2h2g-01717-00486526-00486900 borders which is why the project that
2JGWiqA2h2g-01718-00486901-00487206 Ukraine has embarked on to save and
2JGWiqA2h2g-01719-00487207-00487476 strengthen the other 93% of the country
2JGWiqA2h2g-01720-00487477-00487916 is so very very important because what
2JGWiqA2h2g-01721-00487917-00488195 we want to get to is the kind of Ukraine
2JGWiqA2h2g-01722-00488196-00488481 that Russians wish that they had at home
2JGWiqA2h2g-01723-00488482-00488676 and these elections are very important
2JGWiqA2h2g-01724-00488677-00488993 in that as well Tory that was splendid
2JGWiqA2h2g-01725-00488993-00489243 that you brought up something that is
2JGWiqA2h2g-01726-00489243-00489576 extremely important the Kremlin war on
2JGWiqA2h2g-01727-00489577-00489783 Ukraine we've seen as kind of in two
2JGWiqA2h2g-01728-00489784-00489989 sectors Crimea is one and
2JGWiqA2h2g-01729-00489990-00490272 bosses the other but what's happened
2JGWiqA2h2g-01730-00490272-00490632 over the past year is the Kremlin has
2JGWiqA2h2g-01731-00490633-00490872 demonstrated how they're using Crimea in
2JGWiqA2h2g-01732-00490872-00491049 order to enhance their position in done
2JGWiqA2h2g-01733-00491050-00491241 boss and to increase pressure on Ukraine
2JGWiqA2h2g-01734-00491242-00491526 by building the bridge by starting the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01735-00491527-00491670 harassment of both Ukrainian
2JGWiqA2h2g-01736-00491671-00491889 International shipping going into the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01737-00491889-00492464 sea of Azoff and this is very dangerous
2JGWiqA2h2g-01738-00492464-00492804 by and large Ukraine under the current
2JGWiqA2h2g-01739-00492805-00492954 rules of engagement the Kremlin has
2JGWiqA2h2g-01740-00492955-00493272 fought Moscow to a standstill but as a
2JGWiqA2h2g-01741-00493272-00493431 result of this plain sea of azov
2JGWiqA2h2g-01742-00493432-00493683 Ukrainian shipping an international
2JGWiqA2h2g-01743-00493684-00493932 shipping into Bergen skin mario bull has
2JGWiqA2h2g-01744-00493933-00494135 dropped at least 33 percent as much as
2JGWiqA2h2g-01745-00494137-00494393 50% but imposing a great economic cost
2JGWiqA2h2g-01746-00494394-00494570 on Ukraine overall and unbossed in
2JGWiqA2h2g-01747-00494571-00495068 particular you've mentioned as well you
2JGWiqA2h2g-01748-00495069-00495468 you praised the United States and Europe
2JGWiqA2h2g-01749-00495468-00495579 for the sanctions that were announced
2JGWiqA2h2g-01750-00495580-00495795 last week but in your very diplomatic
2JGWiqA2h2g-01751-00495796-00496056 way and in my post State Department
2JGWiqA2h2g-01752-00496057-00496193 career I proved to be most undiplomatic
2JGWiqA2h2g-01753-00496193-00496701 former diplomat let me be more forward I
2JGWiqA2h2g-01754-00496702-00496920 think the sanctions weren't adequate I
2JGWiqA2h2g-01755-00496921-00497193 think they are therefore not ultimately
2JGWiqA2h2g-01756-00497193-00497543 helpful that at this point in time
2JGWiqA2h2g-01757-00497544-00497793 Moscow seizure of the Ukrainian ships
2JGWiqA2h2g-01758-00497793-00498120 near the Straits difficulty because they
2JGWiqA2h2g-01759-00498121-00498357 paid not a significant price we need
2JGWiqA2h2g-01760-00498358-00498522 more sanctions so this becomes a
2JGWiqA2h2g-01761-00498522-00498764 strategic defeat for Putin now having
2JGWiqA2h2g-01762-00498765-00498843 said all that
2JGWiqA2h2g-01763-00498843-00499166 let me ask Andrew your sense of the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01764-00499167-00499389 state of play on the straits of carrots
2JGWiqA2h2g-01765-00499389-00499653 incidents was how is this perceived in
2JGWiqA2h2g-01766-00499654-00499814 the Kremlin recognizing that we have to
2JGWiqA2h2g-01767-00499815-00500034 be humble in the way we analyze what
2JGWiqA2h2g-01768-00500035-00500349 they're up to I think that the fact that
2JGWiqA2h2g-01769-00500350-00500741 it took us until last Friday to respond
2JGWiqA2h2g-01770-00500742-00500958 to an event that happened before
2JGWiqA2h2g-01771-00500959-00501210 Thanksgiving tells you what you need to
2JGWiqA2h2g-01772-00501210-00501612 know
2JGWiqA2h2g-01773-00501613-00501928 your european side of this equation I
2JGWiqA2h2g-01774-00501929-00502270 was just in Berlin and Brussels last
2JGWiqA2h2g-01775-00502271-00502531 week they seemed most of the year my
2JGWiqA2h2g-01776-00502532-00502735 Western European July nursing be quite
2JGWiqA2h2g-01777-00502735-00502999 satisfied with the sanctions not
2JGWiqA2h2g-01778-00503000-00503139 interested in doing something more your
2JGWiqA2h2g-01779-00503141-00503385 your comments right I mean I think it
2JGWiqA2h2g-01780-00503387-00503542 follows very much along Andrew and it
2JGWiqA2h2g-01781-00503543-00503776 takes five months to respond we
2JGWiqA2h2g-01782-00503777-00504037 shouldn't be self congratulatory and I
2JGWiqA2h2g-01783-00504038-00504430 think absolutely Europe has has
2JGWiqA2h2g-01784-00504431-00504735 struggled to maintain that solidarity
2JGWiqA2h2g-01785-00504737-00505021 and unity I just in too many things we
2JGWiqA2h2g-01786-00505022-00505249 point to as success is that the European
2JGWiqA2h2g-01787-00505250-00505507 Union sanctions have remained intact and
2JGWiqA2h2g-01788-00505508-00505780 and have strengthened but some research
2JGWiqA2h2g-01789-00505781-00505996 that we've done recently I think in some
2JGWiqA2h2g-01790-00505997-00506146 ways that's starting to become a more
2JGWiqA2h2g-01791-00506147-00506530 hollow proposition despite the fact
2JGWiqA2h2g-01792-00506531-00506749 we're delighted that the sanctions are
2JGWiqA2h2g-01793-00506750-00506989 rolled over every six months is that
2JGWiqA2h2g-01794-00506989-00507243 there's a Halloween out of them we've
2JGWiqA2h2g-01795-00507245-00507460 seen an uptick and Russian foreign
2JGWiqA2h2g-01796-00507460-00507652 direct investment stocks coming into
2JGWiqA2h2g-01797-00507653-00507946 Europe they're choosing other means so
2JGWiqA2h2g-01798-00507947-00508204 these sanctions although symbolic and
2JGWiqA2h2g-01799-00508205-00508513 and and potent to some extent they are
2JGWiqA2h2g-01800-00508514-00508885 not the panacea and when you have you
2JGWiqA2h2g-01801-00508885-00509080 know when you're you see the events
2JGWiqA2h2g-01802-00509081-00509266 yesterday in Crimea where Siemens
2JGWiqA2h2g-01803-00509267-00509572 turbines are there we know we're not
2JGWiqA2h2g-01804-00509572-00509884 being 100% percent successful the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01805-00509885-00510076 European Union is not being a hundred
2JGWiqA2h2g-01806-00510077-00510285 percent successful so again I think this
2JGWiqA2h2g-01807-00510287-00510505 is all about we feel comfortable with
2JGWiqA2h2g-01808-00510506-00510709 what we've done we've done enough and
2JGWiqA2h2g-01809-00510710-00510859 then we're very busy with our own
2JGWiqA2h2g-01810-00510860-00511126 internal European Parliament elections
2JGWiqA2h2g-01811-00511127-00511443 obviously brings it the migration
2JGWiqA2h2g-01812-00511445-00511657 challenges that Russia did exacerbate
2JGWiqA2h2g-01813-00511658-00511860 with the military intervention in Syria
2JGWiqA2h2g-01814-00511862-00512152 and 2015 all of these issues be
2JGWiqA2h2g-01815-00512153-00512434 distracted will do the minimal we hope
2JGWiqA2h2g-01816-00512435-00512680 it's enough and it will not stop this
2JGWiqA2h2g-01817-00512681-00512899 will continue to be pressed exactly what
2JGWiqA2h2g-01818-00512900-00513151 Toria said we need to in be anticipatory
2JGWiqA2h2g-01819-00513152-00513433 and have this ready and be a very strong
2JGWiqA2h2g-01820-00513434-00513670 response it can't take five months to
2JGWiqA2h2g-01821-00513671-00513885 wrestle it out of us Toria what would
2JGWiqA2h2g-01822-00513887-00514063 you recommend Washington's to do right
2JGWiqA2h2g-01823-00514064-00514339 now going forward to deal with this the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01824-00514339-00514492 Straits of Kirchen citizen generally
2JGWiqA2h2g-01825-00514493-00514739 Crimea
2JGWiqA2h2g-01826-00514739-00514910 well I think obviously we have to be
2JGWiqA2h2g-01827-00514910-00515060 guided by the Ukrainians and I don't
2JGWiqA2h2g-01828-00515060-00515360 know what the Ukrainian government asked
2JGWiqA2h2g-01829-00515360-00515716 for in that period before the November
2JGWiqA2h2g-01830-00515717-00516125 crisis but I was struck right afterwards
2JGWiqA2h2g-01831-00516126-00516356 by something that Carl Bildt recommended
2JGWiqA2h2g-01832-00516357-00516680 that the OSCE could very quickly have
2JGWiqA2h2g-01833-00516681-00517085 offered a non unarmed maritime
2JGWiqA2h2g-01834-00517085-00517424 patrolling effort which could have moved
2JGWiqA2h2g-01835-00517425-00517676 from the Black Sea with you know some
2JGWiqA2h2g-01836-00517677-00517968 some perhaps even neutral country
2JGWiqA2h2g-01837-00517969-00518276 vessels to keep the Strait open we could
2JGWiqA2h2g-01838-00518277-00518722 easily have organized a multilateral
2JGWiqA2h2g-01839-00518722-00519022 format for discussing rules of the road
2JGWiqA2h2g-01840-00519023-00519353 in freedom of navigation both in secure
2JGWiqA2h2g-01841-00519354-00519547 for security vessels and for economic
2JGWiqA2h2g-01842-00519548-00519743 vessels I don't know whether the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01843-00519743-00519956 Ukrainian side asked for that or whether
2JGWiqA2h2g-01844-00519957-00520100 they would be still it would still be
2JGWiqA2h2g-01845-00520101-00520280 interested but I think freedom of
2JGWiqA2h2g-01846-00520281-00520516 navigation all the way through to the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01847-00520517-00520691 border is very important and certainly
2JGWiqA2h2g-01848-00520692-00521257 to ensure that those eastern parts of
2JGWiqA2h2g-01849-00521258-00521566 free Ukraine let's put it that way
2JGWiqA2h2g-01850-00521567-00521791 can continue to prosper economically and
2JGWiqA2h2g-01851-00521792-00521975 that's very important politically for
2JGWiqA2h2g-01852-00521976-00522332 the success of Ukraine but as I say we
2JGWiqA2h2g-01853-00522333-00522539 should have had and I agree with the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01854-00522539-00522737 colleagues that we should have had the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01855-00522738-00522943 next round of sanctions on the shelf we
2JGWiqA2h2g-01856-00522944-00523199 should have moved immediately the fact
2JGWiqA2h2g-01857-00523200-00523337 that we really don't have we've had a
2JGWiqA2h2g-01858-00523338-00523516 little bit of US naval presence in the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01859-00523517-00523747 Black Sea that's a good thing but we
2JGWiqA2h2g-01860-00523748-00523960 could have had an accelerated sea breeze
2JGWiqA2h2g-01861-00523961-00524272 exercise at NATO we're going to have one
2JGWiqA2h2g-01862-00524273-00524566 in the summer but we need to keep this
2JGWiqA2h2g-01863-00524567-00524831 issue front and center I would urge the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01864-00524832-00524978 Ukrainians to be inviting Western
2JGWiqA2h2g-01865-00524979-00525237 journalists to to better understand the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01866-00525238-00525487 security and political impacts and the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01867-00525488-00525775 economic impacts of what's going on the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01868-00525776-00526037 Russian bridge over the Straits of Kerch
2JGWiqA2h2g-01869-00526038-00526322 is simply a road bridge at the present
2JGWiqA2h2g-01870-00526323-00526514 time the plans are supposed to have it
2JGWiqA2h2g-01871-00526515-00526751 be able to have a railroad bridge as
2JGWiqA2h2g-01872-00526752-00527033 well as be able to pump raw materials
2JGWiqA2h2g-01873-00527034-00527443 into Ukraine this highlights the supply
2JGWiqA2h2g-01874-00527444-00527689 problem that Moscow has
2JGWiqA2h2g-01875-00527690-00528133 and especially water and energy for the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01876-00528134-00528469 peninsula oh and Dre a lot of y'all have
2JGWiqA2h2g-01877-00528470-00528772 had a piece a few months ago suggesting
2JGWiqA2h2g-01878-00528773-00528937 that the next Kremlin action if they
2JGWiqA2h2g-01879-00528938-00529299 choose to escalate might be to cease
2JGWiqA2h2g-01880-00529300-00529657 water in north of her song diverted to
2JGWiqA2h2g-01881-00529658-00530007 Crimea and you your thoughts on this
2JGWiqA2h2g-01882-00530008-00530209 recognizing again we're looking through
2JGWiqA2h2g-01883-00530210-00530401 a crystal ball yeah my crystal was
2JGWiqA2h2g-01884-00530402-00530581 horrible and my track record is even
2JGWiqA2h2g-01885-00530582-00530881 worse but I but I really think that the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01886-00530882-00531193 challenge here is the lack of unity and
2JGWiqA2h2g-01887-00531194-00531370 the fact that the current administration
2JGWiqA2h2g-01888-00531371-00531706 has now seen that you can spend two
2JGWiqA2h2g-01889-00531707-00531892 years trashing our European allies
2JGWiqA2h2g-01890-00531893-00532126 trashing particularly Berlin which has
2JGWiqA2h2g-01891-00532127-00532243 been the linchpin of the Western
2JGWiqA2h2g-01892-00532244-00532513 response and then when you turn to them
2JGWiqA2h2g-01893-00532514-00532738 and you ask for something after having
2JGWiqA2h2g-01894-00532739-00532996 applicated the Iran deal having walked
2JGWiqA2h2g-01895-00532997-00533143 out of the Paris climate deal
2JGWiqA2h2g-01896-00533144-00533377 having said that NATO allies or
2JGWiqA2h2g-01897-00533378-00533605 deadbeats and then you see that there's
2JGWiqA2h2g-01898-00533606-00533824 less there there in our US European
2JGWiqA2h2g-01899-00533825-00534013 relationship and you're surprised I'm
2JGWiqA2h2g-01900-00534014-00534340 not surprised so this is not over
2JGWiqA2h2g-01901-00534341-00534673 and we are going to see further risks
2JGWiqA2h2g-01902-00534674-00534895 the Russians have shown that in don't
2JGWiqA2h2g-01903-00534896-00535027 boss they have the ability to turn this
2JGWiqA2h2g-01904-00535028-00535231 up and turn this down diplomatic process
2JGWiqA2h2g-01905-00535232-00535666 with Torrez former counterpart
2JGWiqA2h2g-01906-00535667-00535918 Vladislav Surkov is essentially totally
2JGWiqA2h2g-01907-00535919-00536056 moribund I don't think there's been any
2JGWiqA2h2g-01908-00536057-00536305 diplomatic contact at that level in more
2JGWiqA2h2g-01909-00536306-00536599 than a year the Russians are not paying
2JGWiqA2h2g-01910-00536600-00536803 a price and their risk calculus I think
2JGWiqA2h2g-01911-00536804-00537013 as George said few minutes ago has
2JGWiqA2h2g-01912-00537014-00537253 basically not been altered by the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01913-00537254-00537487 Western policy response including all
2JGWiqA2h2g-01914-00537488-00537595 the sanctions including all the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01915-00537596-00537760 diplomatic challenges that the West has
2JGWiqA2h2g-01916-00537761-00538039 put in front of Russia so as you look at
2JGWiqA2h2g-01917-00538040-00538174 that picture and you ask are the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01918-00538175-00538321 Russians going to move incrementally to
2JGWiqA2h2g-01919-00538322-00538558 create more facts and to do things that
2JGWiqA2h2g-01920-00538559-00538864 basically undermine Ukraine to make the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01921-00538865-00539221 Western interest in Ukraine go down yes
2JGWiqA2h2g-01922-00539222-00539785 and are we ready for that no well I mean
2JGWiqA2h2g-01923-00539786-00540064 again I think what you're doing John is
2JGWiqA2h2g-01924-00540065-00540310 thinking about some scenarios and how to
2JGWiqA2h2g-01925-00540311-00540736 be anticipatory and and I think the the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01926-00540737-00540893 tragedy of this of the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01927-00540894-00541079 five years Ukraine has been such an
2JGWiqA2h2g-01928-00541080-00541352 extraordinary laboratory for Russian
2JGWiqA2h2g-01929-00541353-00541683 tactics and techniques understanding how
2JGWiqA2h2g-01930-00541684-00541991 they work so this is a point that we
2JGWiqA2h2g-01931-00541992-00542372 need to elevate get have more engagement
2JGWiqA2h2g-01932-00542373-00542658 from a security standpoint an economic
2JGWiqA2h2g-01933-00542659-00542862 standpoint to understand tactics to
2JGWiqA2h2g-01934-00542863-00543210 build in resilience and response to them
2JGWiqA2h2g-01935-00543211-00543506 and this is running those scenarios what
2JGWiqA2h2g-01936-00543507-00543666 will our response be where's the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01937-00543667-00544058 prepared joint statements and my concern
2JGWiqA2h2g-01938-00544059-00544316 is it's not just the push out or the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01939-00544317-00544645 continual push out whether that's Crimea
2JGWiqA2h2g-01940-00544646-00544908 military buildup the done boss I think
2JGWiqA2h2g-01941-00544909-00545156 we're going to continue to see pushing
2JGWiqA2h2g-01942-00545157-00545381 towards Belarus and you're seeing where
2JGWiqA2h2g-01943-00545382-00545556 president Lukashenko is now speaking of
2JGWiqA2h2g-01944-00545557-00545750 integration and thinking about that
2JGWiqA2h2g-01945-00545751-00546035 process this I fear and I hope I'm very
2JGWiqA2h2g-01946-00546036-00546347 wrong this will not stop for quite a
2JGWiqA2h2g-01947-00546348-00546558 while and we need to develop those
2JGWiqA2h2g-01948-00546559-00546816 scenarios and develop with our European
2JGWiqA2h2g-01949-00546817-00546881 partners
2JGWiqA2h2g-01950-00546882-00547062 what is the security response what's the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01951-00547063-00547298 economics response once the diplomatic
2JGWiqA2h2g-01952-00547299-00547527 response it's not going away just just
2JGWiqA2h2g-01953-00547528-00547893 to add John the the the next hurdle
2JGWiqA2h2g-01954-00547894-00548216 though is its political both for Europe
2JGWiqA2h2g-01955-00548217-00548481 and for Ukraine you know Russia has an
2JGWiqA2h2g-01956-00548482-00548891 interest in bad quality elections in
2JGWiqA2h2g-01957-00548892-00549141 Ukraine that the Ukrainian people don't
2JGWiqA2h2g-01958-00549142-00549356 have confidence in and any violence that
2JGWiqA2h2g-01959-00549357-00549664 might erupt there there for both for
2JGWiqA2h2g-01960-00549665-00549912 moral equivalency with some of their own
2JGWiqA2h2g-01961-00549913-00550191 troubles but but also to prove that the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01962-00550192-00550373 democratic experiment is not working
2JGWiqA2h2g-01963-00550374-00550752 they also have an interest in a European
2JGWiqA2h2g-01964-00550753-00550945 Parliament that is increasingly
2JGWiqA2h2g-01965-00550946-00551177 anti-european when there are European
2JGWiqA2h2g-01966-00551178-00551429 elections in May so watch that space and
2JGWiqA2h2g-01967-00551430-00551727 we have to be vigilant as a family and
2JGWiqA2h2g-01968-00551728-00552089 because we the United States have not
2JGWiqA2h2g-01969-00552090-00552410 successfully grappled with this very
2JGWiqA2h2g-01970-00552411-00552719 effective tool of Russian encroachment
2JGWiqA2h2g-01971-00552720-00553002 on democracy at home we certainly
2JGWiqA2h2g-01972-00553003-00553302 haven't been able to lead our allies and
2JGWiqA2h2g-01973-00553303-00553544 partners in a joint response which is
2JGWiqA2h2g-01974-00553545-00553839 absolutely necessary okay turn to
2JGWiqA2h2g-01975-00553840-00554000 audience questions now but before that I
2JGWiqA2h2g-01976-00554001-00554137 just want to make one one calm
2JGWiqA2h2g-01977-00554138-00554502 because I don't stand on a bleep note
2JGWiqA2h2g-01978-00554503-00554779 right now the Kremlin is not doing any
2JGWiqA2h2g-01979-00554780-00554944 serious negotiation because they're
2JGWiqA2h2g-01980-00554945-00555085 waiting on the Ukrainians to
2JGWiqA2h2g-01981-00555086-00555412 presidential and Raja is hoping that
2JGWiqA2h2g-01982-00555413-00555583 some leadership will emerge in Ukraine
2JGWiqA2h2g-01983-00555584-00555883 that we more amenable to concessions he
2JGWiqA2h2g-01984-00555884-00556210 will be disappointed at that point he'll
2JGWiqA2h2g-01985-00556211-00556363 have a tough choice to make whether to
2JGWiqA2h2g-01986-00556364-00556633 enter serious negotiations or not to
2JGWiqA2h2g-01987-00556634-00556894 escalate I suspect he'll go for serious
2JGWiqA2h2g-01988-00556895-00557110 negotiations but that's why I'm
2JGWiqA2h2g-01989-00557111-00557320 disappointed by the Western response on
2JGWiqA2h2g-01990-00557321-00557545 Kerch because the Western response had
2JGWiqA2h2g-01991-00557546-00557770 been stronger that would be that would
2JGWiqA2h2g-01992-00557771-00557923 strengthen the hands of those in Moscow
2JGWiqA2h2g-01993-00557924-00558137 who argue for ultimately getting out of
2JGWiqA2h2g-01994-00558138-00558358 done boss and with that questions are
2JGWiqA2h2g-01995-00558359-00559096 here thank you for all of the panelists
2JGWiqA2h2g-01996-00559097-00559369 for your valuable interventions and the
2JGWiqA2h2g-01997-00559370-00559510 question is I have two questions
2JGWiqA2h2g-01998-00559511-00559712 actually first for Heather and another
2JGWiqA2h2g-01999-00559713-00559972 one for Victoria for Heather the
2JGWiqA2h2g-02000-00559973-00560092 question is that you've been mentioning
2JGWiqA2h2g-02001-00560093-00560320 several for months whenever we speak
2JGWiqA2h2g-02002-00560321-00560644 about Georgia or Moldova and means
2JGWiqA2h2g-02003-00560645-00560893 referring to Ukraine unfortunately these
2JGWiqA2h2g-02004-00560894-00561085 very format does not include Crimea
2JGWiqA2h2g-02005-00561086-00561202 so actually something that we've been
2JGWiqA2h2g-02006-00561203-00561356 referred and I've been also vocal in
2JGWiqA2h2g-02007-00561357-00561520 that in my speech that the Queen Ian
2JGWiqA2h2g-02008-00561521-00561717 government once is actually this kind of
2JGWiqA2h2g-02009-00561718-00561993 formalized platform that would anyhow
2JGWiqA2h2g-02010-00561994-00562279 consider Crimean issue on the highest
2JGWiqA2h2g-02011-00562280-00562546 level of international agenda security
2JGWiqA2h2g-02012-00562547-00562777 dimension naval net dimension you know
2JGWiqA2h2g-02013-00562778-00562958 shipping something that we seen as of in
2JGWiqA2h2g-02014-00562959-00563113 black sea human rights
2JGWiqA2h2g-02015-00563114-00563300 I mean humanitarian dimensions something
2JGWiqA2h2g-02016-00563301-00563512 that we have to have do you believe that
2JGWiqA2h2g-02017-00563513-00563766 we can launch this kind of platform
2JGWiqA2h2g-02018-00563767-00564043 formalized platform for Crimea because
2JGWiqA2h2g-02019-00564044-00564241 as far as I know it's always like this
2JGWiqA2h2g-02020-00564242-00564406 if you want to get a finger you have to
2JGWiqA2h2g-02021-00564407-00564595 buy the hand so that you could bargain
2JGWiqA2h2g-02022-00564596-00564790 the finger this is the same that they
2JGWiqA2h2g-02023-00564791-00564979 did in Ukraine they first occupied
2JGWiqA2h2g-02024-00564980-00565141 Crimea and then went to Don bus and we
2JGWiqA2h2g-02025-00565142-00565262 were not ready to have any kind of
2JGWiqA2h2g-02026-00565263-00565444 respond they don't bus was the direct
2JGWiqA2h2g-02027-00565445-00565606 consequence of the Crimean occupation
2JGWiqA2h2g-02028-00565607-00565873 and the question to Victoria is you've
2JGWiqA2h2g-02029-00565874-00566077 been referring several times that the
2JGWiqA2h2g-02030-00566078-00566252 for you personally it was not unexpected
2JGWiqA2h2g-02031-00566253-00566548 step the Russia invasion in Ukraine that
2JGWiqA2h2g-02032-00566549-00566989 Russia did plan this in advance what is
2JGWiqA2h2g-02033-00566990-00567208 Russia's next plan how do you think in
2JGWiqA2h2g-02034-00567209-00567482 if the world I know it's very direct
2JGWiqA2h2g-02035-00567483-00567691 and if the world has any kind of
2JGWiqA2h2g-02036-00567692-00567895 response for further Russians plant
2JGWiqA2h2g-02037-00567896-00568170 Russians plans in in Ukraine thank you
2JGWiqA2h2g-02038-00568171-00568418 well thank you for the format question
2JGWiqA2h2g-02039-00568419-00568583 as you could tell from my comments I'm a
2JGWiqA2h2g-02040-00568584-00568883 little negatively disposed to the format
2JGWiqA2h2g-02041-00568884-00569189 process because I feel like it's it's in
2JGWiqA2h2g-02042-00569190-00569437 some ways designed to continue to make
2JGWiqA2h2g-02043-00569438-00569587 us feel better that we have a process
2JGWiqA2h2g-02044-00569588-00569783 that we're addressing something yet the
2JGWiqA2h2g-02045-00569784-00570025 other side sees it as simply a tactic to
2JGWiqA2h2g-02046-00570026-00570428 continue to delay and to push out what
2JGWiqA2h2g-02047-00570429-00570650 they want so in some ways we're in this
2JGWiqA2h2g-02048-00570651-00570932 we're trapped in this devastating status
2JGWiqA2h2g-02049-00570933-00571379 quo my concern and Turia's thoughts on
2JGWiqA2h2g-02050-00571380-00571639 this would be much more insightful than
2JGWiqA2h2g-02051-00571640-00571928 my own the at least for the the moldova
2JGWiqA2h2g-02052-00571929-00572068 process the five plus two and then of
2JGWiqA2h2g-02053-00572069-00572306 course for the the georgia process the
2JGWiqA2h2g-02054-00572307-00572582 u.s. is involved at the table for the
2JGWiqA2h2g-02055-00572583-00572834 Normandy format the u.s. is not and that
2JGWiqA2h2g-02056-00572835-00573022 in some ways I've always found was a
2JGWiqA2h2g-02057-00573023-00573251 peculiarities I think we are stronger
2JGWiqA2h2g-02058-00573252-00573482 together we bring different skills and
2JGWiqA2h2g-02059-00573483-00573845 talents to that table so perhaps in an
2JGWiqA2h2g-02060-00573846-00573991 optimistic where we have a presidential
2JGWiqA2h2g-02061-00573992-00574211 election a Rada election we can somehow
2JGWiqA2h2g-02062-00574212-00574445 reboot if John is right and there's an
2JGWiqA2h2g-02063-00574446-00574837 urge for for a new negotiation to have
2JGWiqA2h2g-02064-00574838-00575018 the u.s. engaged in that process and
2JGWiqA2h2g-02065-00575019-00575170 that's exactly where I would bring
2JGWiqA2h2g-02066-00575171-00575426 Crimea into that process that's being
2JGWiqA2h2g-02067-00575427-00575711 overly overly optimistic on on my part
2JGWiqA2h2g-02068-00575712-00576011 so I think let us not be fooled about
2JGWiqA2h2g-02069-00576012-00576364 these negotiations I find that the the
2JGWiqA2h2g-02070-00576365-00576533 Russian negotiators are there forever
2JGWiqA2h2g-02071-00576534-00576830 they remember everything we turn every
2JGWiqA2h2g-02072-00576831-00577018 two years we send a new soul we think we
2JGWiqA2h2g-02073-00577019-00577309 can resolve this we don't know this is a
2JGWiqA2h2g-02074-00577310-00577664 tactic of delay so I think more senior
2JGWiqA2h2g-02075-00577665-00577928 US engagement elevate and I like to say
2JGWiqA2h2g-02076-00577929-00578245 enlarge the challenge of this to try to
2JGWiqA2h2g-02077-00578246-00578729 get a better dynamic I would just say
2JGWiqA2h2g-02078-00578730-00578864 that I don't think Russia is going to
2JGWiqA2h2g-02079-00578865-00579086 talk and less the costs are higher and I
2JGWiqA2h2g-02080-00579087-00579191 don't think the costs are going to be
2JGWiqA2h2g-02081-00579192-00579397 higher unless the u.s. leads the
2JGWiqA2h2g-02082-00579398-00579674 creation of higher costs with its allies
2JGWiqA2h2g-02083-00579675-00580018 and partners and as you know Andrew and
2JGWiqA2h2g-02084-00580019-00580247 John have made clear we're not exactly
2JGWiqA2h2g-02085-00580248-00580352 in the business
2JGWiqA2h2g-02086-00580353-00580607 of building strong multilateral
2JGWiqA2h2g-02087-00580608-00580784 platforms with our European allies at
2JGWiqA2h2g-02088-00580785-00581018 the moment so again I think we are
2JGWiqA2h2g-02089-00581019-00581255 disarming in the face of this as we are
2JGWiqA2h2g-02090-00581256-00581507 in the face of the electoral challenge
2JGWiqA2h2g-02091-00581508-00581804 in the face of the now new nuclear
2JGWiqA2h2g-02092-00581805-00582104 challenge to Europe as we withdraw from
2JGWiqA2h2g-02093-00582105-00582329 the INF treaty and basically allow
2JGWiqA2h2g-02094-00582330-00582557 Russia to do what it wants with
2JGWiqA2h2g-02095-00582558-00582956 intermediate range nuclear usha policy
2JGWiqA2h2g-02096-00582957-00583183 we need a comprehensive Russia policy
2JGWiqA2h2g-02097-00583184-00583574 that provides both incentives for better
2JGWiqA2h2g-02098-00583575-00583957 behavior and higher costs for not
2JGWiqA2h2g-02099-00583958-00584351 considering coming back into compliance
2JGWiqA2h2g-02100-00584352-00584624 with international norms on the Crimea
2JGWiqA2h2g-02101-00584625-00584810 side I think you know the Russians are
2JGWiqA2h2g-02102-00584811-00585002 never going to have a separate
2JGWiqA2h2g-02103-00585003-00585317 standalone negotiation for Crimea
2JGWiqA2h2g-02104-00585318-00585640 because they believe it's internal I
2JGWiqA2h2g-02105-00585641-00585925 think we did a pretty good job of
2JGWiqA2h2g-02106-00585926-00586226 keeping the issue strong and alive
2JGWiqA2h2g-02107-00586227-00586619 within the OSCE among a large number of
2JGWiqA2h2g-02108-00586620-00586805 OSCE participating states who were
2JGWiqA2h2g-02109-00586806-00587153 focused on using OSCE tools for human
2JGWiqA2h2g-02110-00587154-00587513 rights purposes for shouting out you
2JGWiqA2h2g-02111-00587514-00587705 know political abuses and those kinds of
2JGWiqA2h2g-02112-00587706-00587993 things conceive I mean we always assumed
2JGWiqA2h2g-02113-00587994-00588227 that if the Don Boston ago she ation
2JGWiqA2h2g-02114-00588228-00588727 succeeded you could go on and at least
2JGWiqA2h2g-02115-00588728-00589025 stabilize the Crimea situation but we
2JGWiqA2h2g-02116-00589026-00589241 never got that far I of course agree
2JGWiqA2h2g-02117-00589242-00589391 that the United States should be fully
2JGWiqA2h2g-02118-00589392-00589601 part of the Minsk process there were
2JGWiqA2h2g-02119-00589602-00589784 reasons it didn't happen under President
2JGWiqA2h2g-02120-00589785-00589931 Obama and there are reasons it's not
2JGWiqA2h2g-02121-00589932-00590171 happening now but we actually have no
2JGWiqA2h2g-02122-00590172-00590345 process and I don't think I don't agree
2JGWiqA2h2g-02123-00590346-00590453 with you John that the Russians are
2JGWiqA2h2g-02124-00590454-00590621 gonna come back to the table after the
2JGWiqA2h2g-02125-00590622-00590756 Ukrainian elections they'll then be
2JGWiqA2h2g-02126-00590757-00590909 looking at American elections and they
2JGWiqA2h2g-02127-00590910-00591107 will stall and stall unless it hurts
2JGWiqA2h2g-02128-00591108-00591206 more which it doesn't
2JGWiqA2h2g-02129-00591207-00591491 FairPoint okay well in the back over
2JGWiqA2h2g-02130-00591492-00591833 here I was a voice of America mrs.
2JGWiqA2h2g-02131-00591834-00592016 Noland what would you recommend to the
2JGWiqA2h2g-02132-00592017-00592229 current administration how to stop
2JGWiqA2h2g-02133-00592230-00592607 Nordstrom - and considering that Angela
2JGWiqA2h2g-02134-00592608-00592919 Merkel is pushing hard - to build the
2JGWiqA2h2g-02135-00592920-00593558 project
2JGWiqA2h2g-02136-00593559-00593870 secretary George Kent is still here and
2JGWiqA2h2g-02137-00593871-00594686 you can ask him questions to me speakers
2JGWiqA2h2g-02138-00594687-00595710 Georgia one technology look I I don't
2JGWiqA2h2g-02139-00595711-00596160 think that with allies public beatings
2JGWiqA2h2g-02140-00596161-00596442 usually work very well what we were
2JGWiqA2h2g-02141-00596443-00596706 trying to do and we were relatively
2JGWiqA2h2g-02142-00596707-00597035 successful at slowing nordstrom's
2JGWiqA2h2g-02143-00597036-00597276 progress until the end of the Obama
2JGWiqA2h2g-02144-00597277-00597627 administration was to work within the
2JGWiqA2h2g-02145-00597628-00597945 European Union to ensure that the
2JGWiqA2h2g-02146-00597946-00598236 product project went through extremely
2JGWiqA2h2g-02147-00598237-00598676 rigorous political economic and
2JGWiqA2h2g-02148-00598677-00598980 environmental scrutiny as well with as
2JGWiqA2h2g-02149-00598981-00599318 with states on the literal and with
2JGWiqA2h2g-02150-00599319-00599550 Germany to quietly create other
2JGWiqA2h2g-02151-00599551-00599904 alternatives some of that work as I
2JGWiqA2h2g-02152-00599905-00600174 understand it is still ongoing and the
2JGWiqA2h2g-02153-00600175-00600657 EU still has votes to play on this I
2JGWiqA2h2g-02154-00600658-00600879 think far more important at this point
2JGWiqA2h2g-02155-00600880-00601139 given how far along the project is is to
2JGWiqA2h2g-02156-00601140-00601638 accelerate the delivery of LNG to
2JGWiqA2h2g-02157-00601639-00602076 Germany and other forums so that the
2JGWiqA2h2g-02158-00602077-00602406 general dependence on Russian oil and
2JGWiqA2h2g-02159-00602407-00602697 gas goes down I would just like to add
2JGWiqA2h2g-02160-00602698-00603056 one thing here the Russians have made
2JGWiqA2h2g-02161-00603057-00603312 the completion of North stream to a
2JGWiqA2h2g-02162-00603313-00603579 little bit harder over the past three
2JGWiqA2h2g-02163-00603580-00604070 weeks for Merkel it's very important at
2JGWiqA2h2g-02164-00604071-00604428 least have a sense or possibility that
2JGWiqA2h2g-02165-00604429-00604590 gas will continue to flow through
2JGWiqA2h2g-02166-00604591-00604857 Ukraine even after after North Jamie to
2JGWiqA2h2g-02167-00604858-00605061 is completed and she's made this a
2JGWiqA2h2g-02168-00605062-00605316 selling point for proceeding with North
2JGWiqA2h2g-02169-00605317-00605532 stream to but about two and a half weeks
2JGWiqA2h2g-02170-00605533-00605714 ago the Russian Energy Minister Novak
2JGWiqA2h2g-02171-00605715-00606024 said that oh yes yes gas could continue
2JGWiqA2h2g-02172-00606025-00606285 to throw through Ukraine as long as not
2JGWiqA2h2g-02173-00606286-00606456 just its economically viable which is
2JGWiqA2h2g-02174-00606457-00606507 okay
2JGWiqA2h2g-02175-00606508-00606933 but also if all problems between naphtha
2JGWiqA2h2g-02176-00606934-00607137 'has and gospel more resolved by the end
2JGWiqA2h2g-02177-00607138-00607416 of this year this was noted in Germany
2JGWiqA2h2g-02178-00607417-00607719 as a problem for Merkel that weighed in
2JGWiqA2h2g-02179-00607720-00607998 about a week after that he repeated
2JGWiqA2h2g-02180-00607999-00608184 those two conditions and for good
2JGWiqA2h2g-02181-00608185-00608382 measure he added a third which is
2JGWiqA2h2g-02182-00608383-00608544 Ukraine must be quote unquote
2JGWiqA2h2g-02183-00608545-00608775 politically stable and we know how the
2JGWiqA2h2g-02184-00608776-00608928 Kremlin assesses Ukrainian political
2JGWiqA2h2g-02185-00608929-00609213 stability this also was noted in Berlin
2JGWiqA2h2g-02186-00609214-00609444 I was just there in the foreign ministry
2JGWiqA2h2g-02187-00609445-00611666 with its espía inclination as they tried
2JGWiqA2h2g-02188-00611667-00611937 75 percent of Ukrainian servicemen
2JGWiqA2h2g-02189-00611938-00612090 military servicemen pledged allegiance
2JGWiqA2h2g-02190-00612091-00612566 to Russian Federation right then I heard
2JGWiqA2h2g-02191-00612567-00612753 States I won't tell you that
2JGWiqA2h2g-02192-00612754-00612927 for instance in Latvia with 40 percent
2JGWiqA2h2g-02193-00612928-00613098 of russian-speaking population a Russian
2JGWiqA2h2g-02194-00613099-00613320 language is outlawed basically rule it
2JGWiqA2h2g-02195-00613321-00613605 out and you can be fined and punished
2JGWiqA2h2g-02196-00613606-00614330 for using it in many places question
2JGWiqA2h2g-02197-00614331-00614612 [Music]
2JGWiqA2h2g-02198-00614613-00615045 what is a criteria of real democracy for
2JGWiqA2h2g-02199-00615046-00615483 you if the majority of local population
2JGWiqA2h2g-02200-00615484-00615738 of Crimea voted or support the
2JGWiqA2h2g-02201-00615739-00616247 reunification with Russia so how does it
2JGWiqA2h2g-02202-00616248-00616931 real democracy thank you okay Toria I
2JGWiqA2h2g-02203-00616932-00617469 think George and his statement puts some
2JGWiqA2h2g-02204-00617470-00617721 of the figures on the table in terms of
2JGWiqA2h2g-02205-00617722-00618012 the quality of that vote that in certain
2JGWiqA2h2g-02206-00618013-00618279 key districts of Crimea magically a
2JGWiqA2h2g-02207-00618280-00618504 hundred and twenty percent of the
2JGWiqA2h2g-02208-00618505-00618855 population voted so that's obviously not
2JGWiqA2h2g-02209-00618856-00619233 a free and fair election generally when
2JGWiqA2h2g-02210-00619234-00619587 you have a change of status of the
2JGWiqA2h2g-02211-00619588-00619895 magnitude that you are asking a
2JGWiqA2h2g-02212-00619896-00620256 population to consider first of all the
2JGWiqA2h2g-02213-00620257-00620522 home state of the territory gets a vote
2JGWiqA2h2g-02214-00620523-00620739 so there was no effort to involve the
2JGWiqA2h2g-02215-00620740-00621064 entire Ukrainian population in this
2JGWiqA2h2g-02216-00621065-00621393 election I would note number one number
2JGWiqA2h2g-02217-00621394-00621795 two you had already purged or sent on
2JGWiqA2h2g-02218-00621796-00621918 the run
2JGWiqA2h2g-02219-00621919-00622262 most of the strong Ukrainian partisans
2JGWiqA2h2g-02220-00622263-00622493 by the time the vote happened there was
2JGWiqA2h2g-02221-00622494-00622689 no public discussion in the Kosovo
2JGWiqA2h2g-02222-00622690-00623109 context we had you know four years of UN
2JGWiqA2h2g-02223-00623110-00623522 resolutions a war and then 15 years of
2JGWiqA2h2g-02224-00623523-00623924 efforts to negotiate before most of us
2JGWiqA2h2g-02225-00623925-00624234 recognized the will of the Kosovo people
2JGWiqA2h2g-02226-00624235-00624504 so there was nothing democratic about
2JGWiqA2h2g-02227-00624505-00624780 this it was first at the at the point of
2JGWiqA2h2g-02228-00624781-00625068 a gun it was second two-and-a-half or
2JGWiqA2h2g-02229-00625069-00625356 three weeks after that in a state of
2JGWiqA2h2g-02230-00625357-00625643 heightened militarism and extremism it
2JGWiqA2h2g-02231-00625644-00625860 didn't include the whole population of
2JGWiqA2h2g-02232-00625861-00626114 the home country and even then the
2JGWiqA2h2g-02233-00626115-00627036 numbers don't add up I would like to add
2JGWiqA2h2g-02234-00627037-00627416 I would like to add something so that
2JGWiqA2h2g-02235-00627417-00627759 this next piece of mythology and
2JGWiqA2h2g-02236-00627760-00628008 illusions that the Russian
2JGWiqA2h2g-02237-00628009-00628185 representative is trying to push on us
2JGWiqA2h2g-02238-00628186-00628626 these people were forcing the population
2JGWiqA2h2g-02239-00628627-00628980 forcing residents to vote at the
2JGWiqA2h2g-02240-00628981-00629412 referendum using firearms tens and
2JGWiqA2h2g-02241-00629413-00629839 thousands of residents and carriage
2JGWiqA2h2g-02242-00629840-00630255 Simferopol were standing on the side of
2JGWiqA2h2g-02243-00630256-00630525 the road with posters put in go away we
2JGWiqA2h2g-02244-00630526-00630927 don't need your protection against
2JGWiqA2h2g-02245-00630928-00631128 terrorists they were voting at answers
2JGWiqA2h2g-02246-00631129-00631608 and it's a shame that you can push your
2JGWiqA2h2g-02247-00631609-00631914 your blatant lies on us five years after
2JGWiqA2h2g-02248-00631915-00632250 the occupation this is a lifestyle y'all
2JGWiqA2h2g-02249-00632251-00632484 there is a high commissioner for human
2JGWiqA2h2g-02250-00632485-00632795 rights and the Russian Federation on the
2JGWiqA2h2g-02251-00632796-00632870 website
2JGWiqA2h2g-02252-00632871-00633018 in the president's office president
2JGWiqA2h2g-02253-00633019-00633252 Putin's office on their website for a
2JGWiqA2h2g-02254-00633253-00633552 couple of days in the spring of 2014
2JGWiqA2h2g-02255-00633553-00633822 there was analysis written by Russian
2JGWiqA2h2g-02256-00633823-00634089 police technology Russian experts saying
2JGWiqA2h2g-02257-00634090-00634356 that in the Crimean referendum at most
2JGWiqA2h2g-02258-00634357-00634572 30 between 30 and 50 percent of the
2JGWiqA2h2g-02259-00634573-00634800 population voted not the 90 some odd
2JGWiqA2h2g-02260-00634801-00635130 presented and of those who voted their
2JGWiqA2h2g-02261-00635131-00635349 analysis was that at most 50 to 60%
2JGWiqA2h2g-02262-00635350-00635703 voted in favor of joining Russia you do
2JGWiqA2h2g-02263-00635704-00635877 the math that means at most 30 percent
2JGWiqA2h2g-02264-00635878-00636093 of the voting population of Crimea voted
2JGWiqA2h2g-02265-00636094-00636393 for this also the last real information
2JGWiqA2h2g-02266-00636394-00636693 we have on the views of claims Anya the
2JGWiqA2h2g-02267-00636694-00636890 residents of cream of crema freemium
2JGWiqA2h2g-02268-00636891-00637145 regarding being part of Ukraine or not
2JGWiqA2h2g-02269-00637146-00637479 where polls taken in January 2014 when
2JGWiqA2h2g-02270-00637480-00637731 was still a free Crimea and those polls
2JGWiqA2h2g-02271-00637732-00638055 showed that at most 42% of the
2JGWiqA2h2g-02272-00638056-00638277 population of Crimea were in favor of
2JGWiqA2h2g-02273-00638278-00638552 either independence or joining Russia
2JGWiqA2h2g-02274-00638553-00638772 but we all know that the Russian
2JGWiqA2h2g-02275-00638773-00639054 referendum was a pocke surah something
2JGWiqA2h2g-02276-00639055-00639962 for show okay next question right here
2JGWiqA2h2g-02277-00639963-00640545 channel Russia just to follow up some of
2JGWiqA2h2g-02278-00640546-00640722 your speakers shamefully called Russia
2JGWiqA2h2g-02279-00640723-00641199 Russia section fascists I remind you
2JGWiqA2h2g-02280-00641200-00641490 that 27 million of Soviet people and
2JGWiqA2h2g-02281-00641491-00641685 Russian people primarily was their lives
2JGWiqA2h2g-02282-00641686-00642249 fighting Nazis American question people
2JGWiqA2h2g-02283-00642250-00642330 so please
2JGWiqA2h2g-02284-00642331-00642612 it's a shame so you talked a lot about
2JGWiqA2h2g-02285-00642613-00642963 the aggressive actions of Russia but
2JGWiqA2h2g-02286-00642964-00643179 what do you think about the gives
2JGWiqA2h2g-02287-00643180-00643395 decision to cut off their water supply
2JGWiqA2h2g-02288-00643396-00643695 electric power supply to Crimean
2JGWiqA2h2g-02289-00643696-00643851 opinions okay thank you well answer that
2JGWiqA2h2g-02290-00643852-00644049 question no there no one question please
2JGWiqA2h2g-02291-00644050-00645313 okay thank you
2JGWiqA2h2g-02292-00645314-00645681 it's a very strange position for Nazis
2JGWiqA2h2g-02293-00645682-00646097 perfil for Nazis you are killing you
2JGWiqA2h2g-02294-00646098-00646409 seize someone else's territory you steal
2JGWiqA2h2g-02295-00646410-00646645 and then you want to keep this
2JGWiqA2h2g-02296-00646646-00647000 territories bastards keep the territory
2JGWiqA2h2g-02297-00647001-00648152 that you stole Cade on the part of the
2JGWiqA2h2g-02298-00648153-00648667 Ukraine the the so called cessation of
2JGWiqA2h2g-02299-00648668-00649064 water supply to Crimea is the fact that
2JGWiqA2h2g-02300-00649065-00649329 demonstrates the unacceptance the
2JGWiqA2h2g-02301-00649330-00649613 illegal nature of the actions of the
2JGWiqA2h2g-02302-00649614-00649895 Russian occupants the Nazis of 21st
2JGWiqA2h2g-02303-00649896-00650222 century in the territory of the Crimea
2JGWiqA2h2g-02304-00650223-00650654 and also you know I spent three years in
2JGWiqA2h2g-02305-00650655-00650888 jail at the time that the blockade
2JGWiqA2h2g-02306-00650889-00651358 occurred and I can assure you that even
2JGWiqA2h2g-02307-00651359-00651923 inmates welcomed the these steps on
2JGWiqA2h2g-02308-00651924-00652181 behalf of the Ukraine their Crimean
2JGWiqA2h2g-02309-00652182-00652445 Tartars and other residents of the crane
2JGWiqA2h2g-02310-00652446-00652679 residing the citizens of Ukraine
2JGWiqA2h2g-02311-00652680-00652913 residing in the Crimea they stand ready
2JGWiqA2h2g-02312-00652914-00653342 to to tough it out to accept the
2JGWiqA2h2g-02313-00653343-00653722 position of the Ukraine until the Nazis
2JGWiqA2h2g-02314-00653723-00654194 get the hell out of the Crimea was very
2JGWiqA2h2g-02315-00654195-00654458 weird here here the reference for the
2JGWiqA2h2g-02316-00654459-00654650 word fascist because none of the
2JGWiqA2h2g-02317-00654651-00654825 speakers actually never mentioned this
2JGWiqA2h2g-02318-00654826-00655085 very word fascists you were the first to
2JGWiqA2h2g-02319-00655086-00655364 bring it to the table no he was just
2JGWiqA2h2g-02320-00655365-00655500 referring and responding to your
2JGWiqA2h2g-02321-00655501-00655677 question and the second issue is that
2JGWiqA2h2g-02322-00655678-00655802 according to the international
2JGWiqA2h2g-02323-00655803-00656031 humanitarian law the occupying state is
2JGWiqA2h2g-02324-00656032-00656304 directly responsible for the everything
2JGWiqA2h2g-02325-00656305-00656513 that has been happening under the
2JGWiqA2h2g-02326-00656514-00656773 circumstances of occupation so Russia is
2JGWiqA2h2g-02327-00656774-00657002 responsible for everything that has been
2JGWiqA2h2g-02328-00657003-00657215 happening in Crimea and this is
2JGWiqA2h2g-02329-00657216-00657356 something that you may not refer to
2JGWiqA2h2g-02330-00657357-00657675 Ukraine if it comes for the situation
2JGWiqA2h2g-02331-00657676-00657852 with water supplies or whatever and
2JGWiqA2h2g-02332-00657853-00658185 that you mentioned - thank you I think I
2JGWiqA2h2g-02333-00658186-00659118 have time for one more question hi bill
2JGWiqA2h2g-02334-00659119-00659462 Hill currently with Kenan Institute and
2JGWiqA2h2g-02335-00659463-00659703 well I just like to ask all of the
2JGWiqA2h2g-02336-00659704-00659934 members of the panel and maybe this will
2JGWiqA2h2g-02337-00659935-00660207 be a good wrap-up for you given the
2JGWiqA2h2g-02338-00660208-00660372 situation that we're in all that you've
2JGWiqA2h2g-02339-00660373-00660660 described today what are each of your
2JGWiqA2h2g-02340-00660661-00661011 thoughts of the best approach that we in
2JGWiqA2h2g-02341-00661012-00661257 the United States here can take towards
2JGWiqA2h2g-02342-00661258-00661620 the long-term goal of restoration of
2JGWiqA2h2g-02343-00661621-00662364 Crimea to Ukraine first of all the
2JGWiqA2h2g-02344-00662365-00662643 United States needs to as Toria and
2JGWiqA2h2g-02345-00662644-00662892 others have a limited restore a sense of
2JGWiqA2h2g-02346-00662893-00663141 joint purpose with Europe second it
2JGWiqA2h2g-02347-00663142-00663345 needs to redouble its efforts to support
2JGWiqA2h2g-02348-00663346-00663585 an independent democratic prosperous
2JGWiqA2h2g-02349-00663586-00663873 Ukraine and then three we need to be
2JGWiqA2h2g-02350-00663874-00664059 able to show that there are costs and
2JGWiqA2h2g-02351-00664060-00664308 maintain both the unity that's been
2JGWiqA2h2g-02352-00664309-00664614 important up to now on sanctions but
2JGWiqA2h2g-02353-00664615-00664770 also that their costs for further
2JGWiqA2h2g-02354-00664771-00664818 Russian
2JGWiqA2h2g-02355-00664819-00665082 mischief and troublemaking in its
2JGWiqA2h2g-02356-00665083-00665502 neighborhood well in some ways we have
2JGWiqA2h2g-02357-00665503-00665670 to return and rebuild our own
2JGWiqA2h2g-02358-00665671-00666057 foundations of what US policy stands for
2JGWiqA2h2g-02359-00666058-00666267 and that's what when bill was talking
2JGWiqA2h2g-02360-00666268-00666531 about the wels declaration and Nan
2JGWiqA2h2g-02361-00666532-00666765 declaration we have to return to our
2JGWiqA2h2g-02362-00666766-00667067 roots and fight for those roots and
2JGWiqA2h2g-02363-00667068-00667422 remember that we we do have a moral
2JGWiqA2h2g-02364-00667423-00667623 voice and we have to start putting that
2JGWiqA2h2g-02365-00667624-00667902 captive nations week to practice we have
2JGWiqA2h2g-02366-00667903-00668253 to keep these issues elevated then join
2JGWiqA2h2g-02367-00668254-00668589 with our European partners and making
2JGWiqA2h2g-02368-00668590-00668865 sure that they remain focused but it's
2JGWiqA2h2g-02369-00668866-00669033 essential that the US understands what's
2JGWiqA2h2g-02370-00669034-00669251 at stake the u.s. applies its own
2JGWiqA2h2g-02371-00669252-00669480 leadership and can work successfully
2JGWiqA2h2g-02372-00669481-00669795 with others unfortunately those
2JGWiqA2h2g-02373-00669796-00669996 conditions are not at their most optimum
2JGWiqA2h2g-02374-00669997-00670326 right now to do that I would agree with
2JGWiqA2h2g-02375-00670327-00670551 all that we have to lead true to our
2JGWiqA2h2g-02376-00670552-00670905 values at home first and then abroad we
2JGWiqA2h2g-02377-00670906-00671097 need to remind the American people why
2JGWiqA2h2g-02378-00671098-00671154 these
2JGWiqA2h2g-02379-00671155-00671514 issues matter that we want to live on a
2JGWiqA2h2g-02380-00671515-00671847 planet where democracy freedom justice
2JGWiqA2h2g-02381-00671848-00672081 and international collaboration are
2JGWiqA2h2g-02382-00672082-00672459 expanding rather than shrinking and that
2JGWiqA2h2g-02383-00672460-00672947 Ukraine is a microcosm of that and we
2JGWiqA2h2g-02384-00672948-00673140 need comprehensive policies that we can
2JGWiqA2h2g-02385-00673141-00673422 work with our allies and partners rather
2JGWiqA2h2g-02386-00673423-00673833 than rather than creating more frictions
2JGWiqA2h2g-02387-00673834-00674094 we need to build a common Democratic
2JGWiqA2h2g-02388-00674095-00674460 Front to deal with the authoritarians in
2JGWiqA2h2g-02389-00674461-00674604 our in our myths who are getting
2JGWiqA2h2g-02390-00674605-00674895 stronger and exploiting this moment of
2JGWiqA2h2g-02391-00674896-00675303 us disarmament and European
2JGWiqA2h2g-02392-00675304-00675627 self-absorption so but I want to end by
2JGWiqA2h2g-02393-00675628-00676047 saying Ukrainian citizens have a very
2JGWiqA2h2g-02394-00676048-00676445 strong role to play this spring in
2JGWiqA2h2g-02395-00676446-00676758 demanding free fair elections and
2JGWiqA2h2g-02396-00676759-00677103 setting a spectacular example for the
2JGWiqA2h2g-02397-00677104-00677484 rest of us of what a country can look
2JGWiqA2h2g-02398-00677485-00677733 like when it chooses a better future I
2JGWiqA2h2g-02399-00677734-00678018 would simply add everything said
2JGWiqA2h2g-02400-00678019-00678228 regarding what Western policy and US
2JGWiqA2h2g-02401-00678229-00678522 policy should be but we need more and
2JGWiqA2h2g-02402-00678523-00678770 painful sanctions on the Kremlin and we
2JGWiqA2h2g-02403-00678771-00679230 need more specific and helpful weaponry
2JGWiqA2h2g-02404-00679231-00679428 in Ukraine to deal with the threat from
2JGWiqA2h2g-02405-00679429-00679586 C to deal with the threat from air
2JGWiqA2h2g-02406-00679587-00679794 because we know that this is a war of
2JGWiqA2h2g-02407-00679795-00679962 the Kremlin against the Ukrainian people
2JGWiqA2h2g-02408-00679963-00680133 the Russian people are not in this fight
2JGWiqA2h2g-02409-00680134-00680357 we need to make clear
2JGWiqA2h2g-02410-00680358-00680547 translation by the Kremlin will lead to
2JGWiqA2h2g-02411-00680548-00680739 more casualties of Russian soldiers
2JGWiqA2h2g-02412-00680740-00681020 thank you thank you Bill Taylor for
2JGWiqA2h2g-02413-00681021-00681351 wonderful back so let me in closing let
2JGWiqA2h2g-02414-00681352-00681756 me thank John for moderating this and
2JGWiqA2h2g-02415-00681757-00681942 the Atlantic Council co-sponsoring Tory
2JGWiqA2h2g-02416-00681943-00682152 I have there Andrew thank you very much
2JGWiqA2h2g-02417-00682153-00682359 for your comments Bester Charlie it's
2JGWiqA2h2g-02418-00682360-00682542 great to have you as always Deputy
2JGWiqA2h2g-02419-00682543-00682731 Minister deputy speakers it's great to
2JGWiqA2h2g-02420-00682732-00683040 have pleased and George Kent thank you
2JGWiqA2h2g-02421-00683041-00683088 George
2JGWiqA2h2g-02422-00683089-00683355 please join me in in thanking all of the
2JGWiqA2h2g-02423-00683356-00683514 participants here and we look forward to
2JGWiqA2h2g-02424-00683515-00683627 the next one thank you
2JGWiqA2h2g-02425-00683628-00684408 [Applause]